The Sun.
London, England, 1846-06-12 00:00:00

The Duke of RICHMOND—Those returns are incorrect.

Earl RADNOR—D.in't interrupt.
The Duke of RICHMON D—Surely the Noble Lord will no
proceed in an error when he could he >hown his mistake.
These population retains included all the blacksmiths, tailors.
and others in the villages, as employed in agricultural pursuits.
Earl RADNOR—These returns were the only guide the 3
had to go by, and he was justified in applying them to his case.
The agricultural population were increasing, and an increase r
food was wanted to supply their necessities.. If, therefore, fc
no other reason thar to increase. the best, interests h
agricultural popula. ion, the present measure ought to be allowe
to pass. The Noble Lord prok?eeded to state what he thougl.
were the equitable duties upon different articles of foreign
manufactures at the time when English duties were in force.
Lord STANLEY said he alluded to the difference between
the Baltic timber trade and that of the Canadian trade, in che
statement he made.

Lord BROUGHAM said that nothing could be more grope,
or well-timed than the interruption of the Noble Lord eppo.
site, though he (Lord Brougham) had been called to order f
an interruption of a similar nature, a few nights agi.
The Earl of RADNOR then resumed, and quoted the
quantity of sugar and indigo imported from the West Indies
in several years, and contended that they bore no comparison
with what would be the amount of these exports, if restrictive
duties should be removed.

The Earl of WICKLOW said he rose to address a few ob-
servations on the question, as he was the only Noble Lord con-
nected with Ireland who had yet done so. He did believe that
Sir Robert Peel could have had no object in view other that.
the public good, in introducing this measure. But he shoulo
say that it was high time• to consider this measure, after thf
Ministry had been twice pardoned for the part they had taken.
He did think that the hoer of restitution was not far distant,
and there were some who, in that hour, would have oppor-
tunities afforded them of reflecting, upon it. He thought the
principle of protection was not fully and fairly carried out in the
present measure. The yeomanry and farmers of England
should not be placed in a situation of competition with the serfs
of Poland, or the labourers of other countries, while they had to
pay such high prices for articles on which customs' duties
were paid. He did not think a reciprocity of trade would bo
established between other countries in their dealings with thi.
nation. They were benefited at the expense of the people of
this country. It would he proved that by the proposed me .-
sures the people of England would pay the income-tax in order
to keep up the revenues of other countries.—( Hear, hear.) H
defied any person to place his finger on any page of history it,
which both parties had voted as on the present occasion to sup-
port this Bill.—( Cheers.) Why was it, if the measure was so
good, that the public were to be deprived of the benefit of it to:
three years. He thought it was only brought in as a sop
during those strange occurrences which took place in the
month of November last ; but in their giving the sop thee
forgot the original arguments upon which the Bill was founded,
What were these argument? It was the potato panic.
And it was alsoird to think of remedying that state oc
thinzs by a provision to come into operation three years hence.
With regard to this potato panic, he would say that the Go-
vernment had been grossly misled. Their Lordmsheipsananddatiheye
public were told that the worst had yet come,
were told to wait till the end h of
hjune.
They had now arrived in the month
forof Jthuen,eo,faenards.
.....e was
Cheers.a
s aPP 3')
to
The s a y
only that
benefitsthere
to
o
derived by this country from the
This was the opinion of . .Burke,
b.
commerce.
colonies was of a twofold nature—taxation and
monopolyd he()t
lightule do ffo
trbe quotingpoli
political
sucheal e
economists
authorityom it,
o r th,
to the monopoly of commerce.
might,
then wpearnhdapsuperior idic
so far as regarded Cana
of Mr. Gladstone to Lord
present day. reference
mot important of all our
colonies), it appeared fromdaale(tttheer
Cathcart that that notion was to b.ealeytlog believed,ethera wouldbandorl be
ed. The
result of such a measure, he positively
the
within five years
di:memberment of Canada from this country .
from the passing of this measure.
to the Minister, what would he do wiNtVhhreens
dimin •
dwiomuilndutbi tient —he(
diminution of prices would take place, the answer given seas,
question
" We will make no change, because we do not anticipate an'
turns; Hear, hear.)
thereht haee,, arni
srt.f
to
oe b No Voeol I ,
diminution i t respect
qtuoetsittihoensw:hseliluat
hear.) The Government
nfroormanutte'lwitt
nanctohtheeirg of passing the measure?—(Hear,
isuln thisin price,the wholewit at
tansweredltwaosnea alraginuemnetanbtlleqincutting
e
hwewehnicthbta.tesmen legislate. There was a
gErineaatn,diiitrie,inne.e bin
the one cleuaeestiand that of Catholic
theand
of t mh
teeha House,u -e had,,i Lordsri
sanctioned by repeated Parliaments,'
could not for ever oppose the wishes people. The
members of the Anti-Corn-law League' weere
men he admitted, but they must not, like the veryra‘sh clever
thentioned by Mr. Burke, consider themselves :Ile only in. in
habitants of the field, because they were the most
noisy..
Such a measure as that proposed was never carried the first
time it was brought forward. The House of Lords Was created
as a drag upon the vehicle when it went too fast. It was their
ogee to obstruct, and not to push the vehicle down the pre-
cipice which led to destruction. He would, therefore, coo-
! jure their Lordships pot to sanction a measure which would
infallibly lead to the worst results.
Lord LYTTELTON raid, as representing the colonial in-
terest in that House, he would wish to offer some observations
' to the House. The only colonies interested in the question,

were, the Australian, Van Diemen's Land, and South Aus-
, tralia, and the Canadas ; and be thought he ceulel show that
• it would effect the interests of the Australian colonies but
ie a very slight degree—he might say not at all.--( Hear.)
He argued the question of Canada under disadvantages on
account of the address which had been received from the legis-
ture of that country. and he was also under some disadvan-
tage as to a knowledge of what the next mail would bring
forth. He must say, however, that the whole tone of the
address was different from what had previously taken place in
the legislature of that country. From all he could learn, there
was but little dissension when the address was voted, and then
the object sought was mainly the appointment of a select com-
mittee to inquire into the subject. 1 he address, he must say,
had come upon the Government unexpected, but the next mail,
he was persuaded, would throw some different light on the sub-
ject to that which certain Noble Lords had drawn from it. From
that address, however, they were not to suppose for a moment
that there was any dimunition of the loyalty of the colony.
To expect from this measure that there would be any diminu-
tion
of their loyalty was the most absurd idea that could be
entertained. As a proof that the feeling of the Canadians was
not so strongly against this measure as represented, he would
refer to a speech of Mr. Alerrith, in supporting certain reso-
lutions approving of the policy of her Majesty's Government,
in which he speaks in the highest terms of the advantages the
measure would realise eventually. There had been a great
public meeting at Montreal, at which the measure was fully
discussed, and then it was only rejected by a small majority ;
a very large minority being in favour of a resolution to support
it. He would now proceed to show that the Canadians need
entertain no apprehensions as to the effects of this measure.
Mr. Cayley, the Superintendent General of Canada, in
speaking on the resolutions submitted to the Legislature of that
country, entered into a calculation as to the effects of the mea-
sure on the trade of that country. A gentleman in this coun-
try had also entered into a similar calculation as to the pro-
bable price of wheat under the operations of the Bill. The
gentleman to whom he alluded was Alt. Loseby. It had been
proved by those calculations that the price of wheat would not
differ much after the passing of this measure. On looking over
the report of the gentleman alluded to, he must confess that he
could not discover on what ground it was that it had been so
strongly asserted that Cs nada could not compete in the corn
trade with other countries. The soil of Canada and the wages
of labour were about the same as other countries, as far as he
could learn, and the best wheat of Canada was equal to the
best wheat of England or Scotland. He believed it had been
proved that the difference in freight between New York and
England, and Quebec and England, was considerably in
favour of America, but he also believed it might
be said that such difficulties ought to be overcome by the
energy and enterprise of the Canadians. As he understood
'here had beets little ehirping carried on by the people of Ca-
nada be' ween England an America. He found that on the
whole question of transhipment of wheat from the corn-grow-
ing portion of Canada and the western flats of America, Ca-
nada ought to be considered as being fully on an equality. It
was stated, as long ago as 1842, by a Committe which had
been appointed by the Legislative Council of Canada, that the
protective system did not confer much benefit upon the people
of Canada, and they admitted that the cost of conveyance be-
tween the two countries was much about the same. What
arguments had been brought forward against this measure in
the far-famed address, of which they had heard FO much ? There
was only one argument, which was that the route by St Law-
rence was frozen up for more that six months in the year.
Why, that was perfectly true; but what of it ? The same
was the case with regard to the route by the canal, which was
the great route for American produce. His Noble Friend
had told them in the most explicit manner, the other day,
-hat ii this measure were passed into a law, he knew of some
merchants of Montreal eho intended removing to New York.
He (Lord Lyttelton) was perfectly well aware of that; and he
could tell his Noble Friend more—the would be able to sell
wheat these much cheaper than 'the others pessibly
could do.—( Hear hear.) He had only another argu-
ment to notice on this subject. and that was the
improvement of the system of agriculture in Canada. He he-
'reveal that much had been recently alone to improve the mede
af cultivating land in that country, and that further improve-
ments would follow. He had taken the liberty to trouble their
Lordships longer than he had purposed, for the purpose of
showing their Lordships that this measure would not injure
tur colonies. He had riot entered into a general discussion
,f what was callert the colonial system. He would n t adopt
env of the violent arguments of the Anti-Corn-law League,
Anil he would not call the colonial system one of mutual
obbery, but he would say that it was naturally, and of neces-
sity, a system of mutual privations and mutual impediment ;
and he would also say that those restrictions which that system
'tad imposed on trade had had the most prejudicial effects.
Their Lordships had been asked, of what usa were the colo-
nies to us, unless this protective system were persevered in?
and his Noble Friend had said, that by preserving the colo-
nies we realised great profits to ourselves. He (Lord Lyttelton)
denied that this protective system with regard to the colonies
had been of any use to us at all. He had always considered
that the use of the colonies was to provide outlets for the teem-
ing population of this country. and to be a means of dissemi-
nating and continuing throughout the world our laws, our
habits, institutions, and religion. That, in his opinion, had been
the use of the colonies; and the object of the people of this
country was to impart to them as much as possible the
freedom which we ourselves enjoyed. In the language of his
Soble Friend the President of the Board of Trade, tkis system
of protection had only had a nominal existence in the colonies.
It was palpable that it had acted injuriously towards this coun-
try, as well as the colonies. But it was said to be an ancient
system; it was, however, by no means coeval with the esta-
blishment of the colonies. When the Virginian colony was
first established, a charter was granted to the settlers, enabling
them to trade freely with all the world. The same system had
been pursued with respect to the other colonies. He contended
that the present system had no existence worthy of the name in
the colonies. He ventured to make these few observations,
and he hoped their Lordship would see that the colonies could
not be injured by this ineavure.
The Duke of BUCKING 11 AM said he bad not as yet ex-
pressed his opinions on this Bill, hut he should be sorry to see
it go into Committee without addressing their Lordships.
He should, however, refrain from trespassing long
upon their time, beceuse they must have been already wearied
with the many speeches that by d been already addressed to them
on this subject. He had listened with great attention to every
speech. but he confessed his surprise was not a little, to hear a
inensure proposed by her Majesty's Ministers, so different from
'he opinion they entertained some years ago, when they pro-
fessed themselves to be strong protectionists.—( Hear.) He was
not one of those who wished to use harsh terms on any occa-
sion, but he would not refrain from referring to the conduct
of some of her Majesty's Ministers on this question.
They were now called upon to open their ports to foreigners,
And to say that free trade should exist. In order to place this
country in the situation of other countries they must release it
eom the burdens with which it was now overwhelmed. He
denied that it was either right, proper, or just, to force free
trade on the country when there was no country under the
sun so h.avily burdened with both general and local taxation.
If they thought that the farmer could compete with 'the
foreigner, in a few short years they would be convinced of the
contrary. It was impossible for the English farmer, however
practised he might be in agriculture—however anxi sus he
might be to cultivate his land—it was impossible for the
English farmer to enter into any competition with the
foreigner while he was burdened with local and general taxa-
tion. He had heard in that House that the farmers of this
country, unlike farmers elsewhere, invested considerable capi-
tel in the cultivation of their lands. Let them leave those
-armers to themselves—let them exercise their profession, and
hey would cultivate their land ; but if the House interfered,
as it was now about to do, the capital of the English farmer
would be lost. It was important to the country to get
the land in a state of hitth cultivation, and he contended,
thouth be mieht be opposed in that opinion, that under the
system of 'ree trade that land which was now brought into a
s
state of cultivation would no longer be so, and would become
str.nged from the purposes of agriculture. With regard to
amneoatshuerre point
.would heea
uhs ae htehaer tpi
in price of
hteh lepa br
ioreeuedr u—uefcticoouunrl
corn
wtthhhieueyth
mtuh sup-
pose
•
that,naturally olilnowthteherVntitreotrilUnction of this measure—could they
oppose it possible that the farmer would pay his labourer at
the same rate of remuneration which he formerly did? If
they reduced the farmer in the extent of his profits, so must he
seduce the wages of the labourer who was placed in his hands.
There could be no greater misfortune than to find an agricul-
tural people reduced from wages not excessive to a state of
destitution, and such would he the case if they took the step
which they were now about to take. He would also allude
to the tithe question, which was a very important one. Not
many years ago, an Act was passed, in consequence of many
petitions being presented, expressing the great distress of the
t:lergy, and begging their Lordships for some better manner of
managing the tithe system. The tithes had been com-
muted, and the heaviest wheat land brought
into cultivation. What would be the result with re-
gard to the tithe question when this free-trade
measure was passel? Their Lordships would find
that the clergy of this country would be compelled to make up
'heir minds to a reduction in their salaries of 25 per cent.
He would ask if the clergy of this country were to be left in
hat situation? It was a most important question to be con-
sidered, and he was glad to find, in the division of the other
night, a considerable number of the Prelates in that House
had given their votes against it. Looking at the question in
another point of view, they must net forget the burdens which
more or less pressed upon the landed interest ; and if they
decided that free trade was to be the order of the day, they
should in justice, without any delay, relieve the land of their
extreme burdens. He, for one, should not hesitate to call
the attention of the House to several points which he
considered burdensome upon the land._( Hear, hear.) He
should agitate until he received justice. If they thought
that by deciding this question this week, or the next,
they should set it at rest for ever they were mistaken. So far
from it it would only tend to keep up agitation year after year,
fer many Noble Lords in that House agreed with him in the
tipinion which he had formed of the necessity of protection,
would as
°ams
destruction
and be and they would never cease agitating until they again
restored protection to the country. He thought if he lived
until a few years hence, he would find the Minister of the slay
obliged to come to Parliament to ask for protection to agricul-
ture. The revenue would fall, and no Chancellor of the
'Exchequer wsuld be bold enough to meet. the Parliament
without seeing the necessity of protection to our home market,
without which ruin would tall upon the country. How was it
with a Noble Frien.l of his, now President of the Board of
Control, who in 1841, when he (the Duke of Buckingham)
had the honour of sitting on the same side of the House
with him and his colleagues, and cheered him on
in the speeches which he made—how was it he then
expressed himself ? He would take the liberty of very briefly
repeating a portion f this speech. He had stated that the new
law had not failed in its operation—that it had produced the
effect it was intended to produce, but that he could not divest
himself of great apprehension when we were to depend upon
foreign importation for the main part of our supplies—that if
the projects of the Government were carried into effect, no
man could doubt but that a vet y large portion of land in this
country would be tit:own out of cultivation—no man could see
the extent of the evil or where it would stop. He thought one
ef the most fatal results connected with free trade would be
to throw out of cultivation the greater part of our soil,
and to depend upon foreign countries for our supply;
for if once there was danger of a scarcity in this country,
and foreign ports were, at the same time, to be closed against
us, was there one of them who would not he alarmed at the re-
sult? He would then go on to another great authority in that
House, and which had always commanded respect, and which
mloneng.lasdtthheemNoubultetDo uadkueptexsiusutehd.a
mTehaesuNreobfoler
people eo
f theu t.
cultivation.unntor yt anint 1 theurlll
He
tnwhde(,m
lfordet
cultivation
vewdaoteui
otl
ndu
with the Noble Duke
rDalewtukaieytsmhinwaeda:tufhrutrhee
theany sake
in the opinion which he gave
He looked on the measure
he would adhere to it in 1846.
of the soil. He
would
*snnolt:4olf,,hwinsahteudre,thf,awt
He agreed
with great alarm—that alarm wa
population, both manufan-
the measure would affect all the
Corn-law League, and had carried on warfare _
who
shown any good those
cultural interests, would themselves be amongst
a antiselfi
bring on all
luring and agrieultural. Those willPuhailfao,rtmazlt thethe Anti-
Corn-law
suffered in the general destruction they would
whom he had acted for so many years,should now have changed
rrh.,l,..envs,esie,sirle.neencHeses.arreygretted deeply that his N 1)1e Friend, with
had
dle opinion, and gone over to the free-trade system. If they
as ready to applaud them as he now was in saying
they were wrong,
He could see no ground which could
statements.
justte h a
ne groundh
wt, tio,h)unel,d changeha
nad the he f shouldget-
fulness of all formerre
ey
better had they in that month retired from offivcee,daonned much
left the Noble Lord to carry out those measures which he had

always acted up to, and which the present Government never
supported. Ile saw no reason whatever which could have in-
duced Noble Lords to change those opinions upon this ques-
tion which they had form-rls. entertained. He would see the
time when they would be sorry for what they were now doing.
The Noble Lords were introducing a measure which was
not called for by the country, and he hoped they
would see that it was not yet too late to retrace their steps. It
was not yet too late for their Lordships to put a stop to the
further progress of the Bill, and by their votes' save the
country from the injury about to be entailed upon it.—(Hear,
hear," from the Earl of Stanhope.) Some were opposed to this
measure on various grounds. Many were against it on party
grounds, but the great majority were hostile to it for the in-
jury which would accrue to the industry of the country.—
( Hear, hear.) He, believed that this Bill first emanated from
part y
office.
feelings—it
wouldemanated
haveou out of
a struggle
for
been
better
re-
tired from office, than to sacrifice their recorded principles to
the love of power.—(Hear, hear.) Holding the station they
Ministers in
who
shouldo a v
e re-
tain
did now, how was it they did not act up to
those principles which they held in 1841. He would
read to their Lordships an extract from the speech of Sir
Robert Peel, wherein the Right Hon. Baronet said that he
wished to secure wheat at 545. per quarter, though he (the
Duke of Buckingham) believed that it would not have been
necessary to have secured more than 403. the quarter.—( Hear,
hear.) The Right Hon. Gentleman said at that time that he
wished to secure agriculture on a solid basis, and that it was for
the interest of the agriculturists to have a legislative protec-
tion. The Right lion. Baronet then said he was of opinion
that nothing would be more dangerous than to disturb
that protection, which should always be attached to the
agricultural interest. Hs• also said that to do so would be to
lace the country at the mercy of foreign nations for its supplies.
The Noble Duke then read an extract from the Right Hen.
Baronet's speech in support of those points. He was sure that
the feeling of the country was against this Bill, and
those Noble Lords who doubted it lie would ask to go along
with him in presenting an address to her Majesty to remove
from her councils, her present Ministers. He hoped their
Lordships would reject this measure as one calculated to
inflict great and lasting evils upon the whole industrial popu-
lation of this country.
Lord Cowley, Lord Colchester, and the Bishop of St. David's
rose together amidst loud cries for Lord Cowley. The Right
Rev. Prelate and the Noble Lord gave way to
Lord COLCHESTER, who said that he would make but a
few remarks to their Lordships on the question before them.
He fully agreed with the Noble Duke, who last addressed their
Lordships, in saying that *his Bill would greatly injure the
agricultural interest, and indeed the interests of the indus-
trious community generally. He would wish to see the Bill of
1842 maintained, and for that reason he wonld vote against
the present measure. 'The Noble Lord then quoted
several statistical tables, showing the comparative im-
portation of foreign coin, and remarked upon the prices
of wheat from 1841 up to the present period.
r ah
ttLA
uhVei
ret t
ngy,
South
ngu League,
British, hr
n nttahene.
er
dmrei
American
rsGeg
e:aat rfwnout harfauenoni
nit
ief, a
dumrgd cecsthorholi
rfiwfndraape
se
:e ttmrit ‘oartiflarrekdstmeehrithens.
their
of
undersold
tr;oa
dbahmiynot
.dmti ththteef d
foreigner An
that i-C
evoerninn-lw
thenowa
yet
hat ahrrli 'eke ir ga:yut hfaaedci
r
Lordships for the indulgence they had shown him, he should
sit down, determined still to give his decided opposition to the
Bill.—( Hear hear. )

Newcastle and Ifei•wick Railway ; Newcastle and Darlington
Junction Railway (Durham and Sunderland Railway and
Wearinouth Dock Purchase and Branches) ; North British
Railway (Carlisle Extension); Northumberland and Lanca-
shire Junction Railway ; Wakefield, Pontefract, and Goole
Railway, and Port, &e. of Goole ; Wear Dock Railway ;
Frilford (Berks) Inclosure ; Glavow Southern Terminal
Railway; Newmarket. and Chesterford Railway; Oxford,
Worcester, and Wolverhampton Railway; St. Helen's Canal
and Railway; Shropshire Union Rail Ways and Canal (Newton
to Crewe, with Branches); Yeovil Market and Fairs (by
Order) ; Yorkshire and Glasgow Union Railway.
THIRD READINGS.
The following Bills were read a third and passed :—Deeside
Railway; Forth and Clyde and Monkland Navigation Junc-
tion; Herculaneum Docks; London and South Western Rail-
way (Farnham and Alton Branch).
CHORLEY WATERWORKS, BURY AND STOCK.
PORT IMPROVEMENT BILLS, &c.
On the motion of Mr. ESTCOURT, an instruction was
agreed to the Committee of Selection to refer the Chorley
Waterworks, the Bury Improvement (No. 2), and the Stock.
port Improvement Bills, to the South Lancaster List and the
same selected Members ' • and the Salthouse Embankment Bill
to the North Lancaster List and the above selected Members.
Sir HOWARD DOUGLAS presented a petition from
Liverpool in favour of the Liverpool and Berwick Railway (as
we understood).

THE GAUGES. •
Sir GEORGE GREY said he wished to kn)w if the
Government intended to propose any measure founded on the
minute of the Board of Trade relative to the report of the
Broad Gauge Commission?

Sir. G. CLERK said he wished to state in answer to the
question of the Right Hon. Baronet, that it was his intention
to move, on Monday neat, a series of resolutions founded upon
the report of the Broad Guage Commission.
LIGHTHOUSES.

Mr. P. STEWART said he wished to put a question to
the Right Hon. Gentleman the Chancellor of the Exchequer
on a subject of great importance—namely, the subject of light-
houses. He wished to ask if it was the intention
of Government to carry out the recommendation of the Com-
mittee which sat upon the subject last year—namely, that all
lighthouses and buoys, necessary for the safe navigation of our
seas and rivers, should be paid for and maintained out of the
public revenue, instead of from tolls levied upon the tonnage
of shipping ?
The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER admitted
that the subject was one of very great importance, and one
which had long been under the consideration of Government,
but he could give no assurance to the Ilon. Member of carry-
ing out the recommendation of the Committee.
PETITIONS OF MR. FLETCHER.

Mr. AINSWORTH moved that the petitions of J. Fletcher
Fletcher, against the Manchester, Bolton, and Bury Canal
Navigation and Railway Bill, and the Manchester, Bolton,
and Bury Canal Navigation and Railway Extension Bill, be re-
ferred to the Committee on the Bills.

After a few words from Lord Granville Somerset, Mr.
Greene, and Mr. Hodgson,
Mr. AINSWORTH withdrew the motion.

IMPROVEMENT OF IRELAND.-(COMPENSATION
TO TENANTS, POWER OF EJECTMENT, AND

SHORT LE ISE BILLS.)

Lord LINCOLN, in moving for leave to introduce Bills to
provide Compensation to Tenants of Land in Ireland for
Improvements merle by them; to amend the Law in
respect to the power of Ejectment and Distress in Ireland,
and to provide for a short form of Lease of Lands and Tenements
said it was his duty, a few days ago, to address the House on a
subject connected with Ireland, on which great feelings of
antagonism were created in that House and elsewhere.
But it was now his duty to address the House on a subject which
he trusted would meet with the general approbation of the
House. It was one on which he hoped all men would
unite, as it was one on which no feelings or political
animosity would be excited, one on which they could enter
with no different feelings, except to emulate each other as to
what was hest- to be done for the benefit of the people of
Ireland by improving their condition, and putting them in a
better position to cultivate the soil, and by giving them
better security for the investment of their capital in
land, for without that security the proper cultiva-
tion of the soil could not be effected. He thought
it would better suit the convenience of the House to
introduce the three Bills to effect these objects together.
He need not inform the House that a commission had been
appointed to inquire into the state of Ireland, and that that
commission had made such reports to the Government as drew
their attention to the tenant system of Ireland.—(Hear,
hear.) Three Members of that commission were also
Members of that House, and that they were fully qualified
for the very arduous duties they had performed.—Hear.)
This motion had partly emanated from the reports of that
Commissioner; when he said this, he did not mean it to be
understood, that the many recommendations made by the
Commissioners had been entirely dealt with. But it
was not because there were not other measures brought
forward, or those recommended, that they might not
be brought forward at a future time. This question was not
quite new to the House, for it had been fully argued by the
press and other great authorities of this country, so that it
was pretty well understood. This being the case, it
' would be troubling the House to bring forward fresh argu-
ments in support of the policy of this question. He
would therefore avoid touching on such topics as did not
immediately bear on the question before the House. No one
would deny that this was a most difficult subject for legislation,
and it would also be admitted to be as delicate as it was
difficult. When he said that it was encircled with difficulties,
as a legislative question, he did not mean to say that it was
a subject perfectly understood by the House, for it had been
repeatedly brought forward by the Honourable Member for
Rochdale, but who had as repeatedly as he had brought it
forward altered his intentions with respect to the manner in
which he would have the House entertain the subject.
Now, feeling as he did, that it was not only right, but necessary,
for Parliament to attempt to legislate on this subject, at
the same time he felt that, whatever Bill they might pass, the
relations of landlord and tenant, and relations of that nature,
could be regulated so that much would not be left to be done
by themselves. Much must still be left to the justice and mo-
deration and good feeling of both parties interested—he meant
the landlord and tenant. Parliament, he thought, ought to at-
tempt to enact salutary laws on the subject, but he was convinced
that much must depend still on the individual charact' r and
conduct of the landlords themselves. Their legislation would
be successful, and he felt certain that much, though not enough.
could be done. He felt convinced that the Noble Lord op-
posite (Lord John Russell) agreed in these views of the sub-
ject, for during the present session be delivered a speech,
when he said that it would be most unwise for Parliament to
touch upon and unsettle these relations, especially in Ireland,
unless after sufficient inquiry into them. Having nowstated what
Parliament could do, and also what ought to be done, he was
convinced by the report which had been made by the com-
mission, and other documents that had been laid before the
public, that it was the duty of Parliament to take
up and legislate upon this subject. He might be
told, and with some show of argument, that they
ought not to interfere with landlord and tenant,
but he was not prepared to admit the abstract doctrine. The
Noble Lord was struck with an expression used by Mr.
Nicholls, the Poor-law Commissioner. Speaking of the poor-
law in Ireland, he said, " Want of employment brought on
destitution, destitution caused turbulence, turbulence was
followed by insecurity, insecurity by want of capital, and want
of capital by famine." He felt that the views expressed
by the Commission were correct, and that it was not only
justifiable, but binding on the House to interfere.
Before going further into the subject, he would draw the at-
tention of the House to a few of the leading clauses of the
first of these three Bills. It should be observed that the report
of the Commission recommended that wherever the
tenantry of Ireland possessed any superfluous capital,
they should be encoura,c,red to invest it in the
soil of the country. But it was to be lamented
that the only capital which the Irish tenantry possessed con-
sisted in thelabour of themselves and their families. Look at
-the 'produce of this country, was it not universally allowed
that wherever they had any superfluity tbey were always ready
to co-operate with their landlords ? And he thought, therefore,
that the other recommendation of the Commission should also
be attended to, and that the landlords should also be encou-
raged to co-operate with their tenantry in the general im-
provement of the soil, and that facilities should be given for
entering into agreements for their common advantage. Not
that he conceived that all these evils were to be cured by le-
gislation, but the Legislature might do much ; and one point
to which he would direct their attention was that shown in the
first of these three Bills. It would be in the recollection of
the House, that when last year his Noble Friind the late Se-
cretary for the Colonies ( Lord Stanley) proposed to bring in
a Bill for the improvement of the condition of the Irish pea-
santry, he proposed to establish an entirely new machinery.
But such was not the case now. The:same machinery would
still be necessary, and that portion relating to the employment
of assistant barristers was to be retained. The Bills had two
kinds of compensation—voluntary agreement, and that which
was to be compulsory. By voluntary agreement he meant all
improvements that did not come under the head of compulsory
compensation, and those improvements were not to be made a
charge upoit the land. The improvements, as he had observed,
were of two kinds, and they had this broad distinction, that
all improvements relating to buildings and furrow drainage
were to be under the head of compulsory compensation, and
were chargeable on the land, while general improvements, not
of this character, were to be classed under the head of volun-
tary agreement, and not so chargeable. With regard to volun.
tary agreements it is provided that if any tenant wishes to
effect any general improvement, he shall serve a notice in the
form provided in the schedule of the Act on the immediate land-
lord. If the landlord agrees, then he will signify his assent in
the form also provided in the Act, and then improvement may
be carried into immediate effect. If he refuses, the whole
matter drops to the ground. By the second course the tenant
has the option, if the landlord's consent is got, of enforcing
compulsory compensation for any buildings erected, or for fur-
row draining. On this point the Bill differed from the view of the
Commissioners; their view was that buildings only, and not
furrow drainage, should be considered as coming under the head
of compulsory compensation, thus assimulating the law to
what it was in England. But furrow draining was so essential
an improvement in Ireland, that he hoped under exisiting
circumstances the House would see the propriety of deciding
that draining as well as building should be included. He hoped
also the Commissioners would have no objection to
the alteration, as Ireland was as present situated. He need not
point out to the House that, in justice to the landlords, they
would be forced to provide wardens to examine carefully into
all the improvements that were proposed to he made. In that
stage of his explanations, he might mention one difficulty,which
he was sure everybody who had looked into the subject was
aware of, namely, that at this part of their proceedings they
were met by difficulies which they would not be met with if
they were applied to England—the multiplici'y of landowners
in Ireland. This difficulty had, however, been aimed at in the
Bill, and be confidently expected that some of the difficulties
with which the object was surrounded would be surmounted, but
at the same time he admitted that great difficulties did exist in
connexion with this portion of the Bill. The notice to which
he had referred was to be served upon all
landlords, and he was informed that the tenant and
immediate landowner were always well acquainted with
the various parties who owned the land; and, there-
fore, he had proved that which would
he
be necessary—that the notice should he served
period, upon
m the lthoaugdh_t
n
lord by those renting land for a certain a thirty
years' tenancy, or three lives—the notice on atheel
immediate
landlord being by personal appearance, but on the owner of
the land by post. When the tenant served this notice he
was to be bound to name an arbitrator, and to offer either
to construct the work himself, or if the landlord would do so
to agree to pay the additional expense on the outlay, amounting
to not more than 51. per cent on buildings, and 4/. per cent.
on drainage. This, however, was a matter of detail which
might be altered in Committee if the House thought fit. The
reason of the introduction must be obvious—that it was better
that buildings should be constructed by the landlord, instead of
the tenant, because they had a great security that if con-
structed by the landlord they would be properly made and
fit for use.—.( Hear, hear.) And then so much depended upon
the drainage of the land being executed in a proper manner.
But this, as he had already said, was a matter so much of de-
tail, that it would be for the Committee to deal with it. If the
landlord should assent to this proposition, it would become a
charge Ivan the inheritance, and would at once be carried out ;
but if he did not, then he should serve a motion to that effect
upon the Clerk of the Peace, that an arbitrator should be ap-
pointed, and that appointment should rest with the assistatant
barrister and the justices of the quarter sessions; if the arbi-
trators should agree, then they would make an award, but if they
did not, then as umpire should be appointed!,

Lord HOWDEN would at once relieve their Lordships' minds
from any fear, and himself from the well-merited reproach of
extreme arrogance if he were to intrude observations upon
their Lordships on a subject with which neither his intelligence
nor his experience made him familiar.—( Hear, hear.)
He might state, however, that the first notice he had
the honour of giving in their Lordships' House some six or
sever, years ago, was on a subject connected with the corn-
laws It
in was o
ei nodinepe
adri
sanmn
withmtohdaetr ant eo ,w mbiel kfo-raen dt-hweai
rte pLo
rr
do:
sphoispitsi,onCut he, and those who acted with him, were left in a
minority. But mild and milk-and-watery as it was, it was
strenuously opposed by the Noble Viscount who was then
at the head of the Government, and by every mem-
ber of the Cabinet, except one Noble Earl, whom
he did not see in h.s place.—( Hear, hear.) He spent the early
pars of his life in a country which once was looked upon with
pecul'ar favour by Noble Lords who sat on the cross-benches,
because of the attachment of its inhabitants to the protective
principles of their ancestors ; but time and experience proved
to them that it was to the interest of their country that the
people should be fed as cheaply as possible. He alluded to the
two provinces of Spain; and he could not help thinking that
it would greatly advance the intere,t of this country if the same
principle were adopted.—( Hear, hear.) It was his conviction
that the Prime Minister had not erred in thus bringing for-
ward the measure. Their Lordships had been told that pro-
tection was the aninms which ran through all the institutions
of this country, and that on the back of a worm-eaten enactment
of Edward IV. was to be traced the chart which was for ever to
guide the vessel of the State. Reference had been made by a
Noble Lord to Burke ; he would refer to another authority,
Lord Bacon; he said with reference to commerce, " Let there
be freedom in all the intercourse of nations. He saw with
prophetic eye through all the long vista the changes now pro-
posed. He would refer also to Cervantes, a genius who, like
Shakspere, seemed to know something of everything. His
advice to Sancho was, " Now, Sancho, remember that you
take care to provide a supply, especially of eatables and drink-
ables, for your subjects, for noting can so quickly alienate the
minds of lour subjects from you as a scarcity of these necessary
articles." Why, there was the very gist of the matter.—
( Cheers.) He hail not much sympathy with the new econo-
mical theories of the present age, but he had almost, he would
say, a blind veneration for these cot ruscations of olden genius.
He had no fear of what foreign relations would be able to do,
but he did tear that circumstances would occur which would
render the measure inoperative. It is possible that the present
Minister would cease to rule th e country. Their Lordships
were then only preparing the way for a patty with whom they
had no sympathies. What reason, then, had they to set up a
banner tor themselves They had vast possesions, ancient
rank, and extended influence, and they were throwing them
into the scale to weigh down the political fortunes of a man who
was the only one capable of defending their interests,—( Hear,
hear.) He had heard of treachery, it was an ungracious word,
and he only hoped that their Lordships would never find that
they had been traitors to themselves. But he could not help
saying that some t•ad acted unwisely in adverting to that
(lark state of things whieh they believed would be consequent
to the success of the League. But there were some things
which were dangerous to speak of, some prophecies which
tended to their own accomplishmer t. So long as ti.eir Lord-
ships did their duty, he cared not what were the aspirations of
the League. He rather feared the effect that might be pro-
duced by the apprehensions which had been indiscreetly ex-
pressed by sonic of their Lordships. He confided in the good
sense of the country ; but he asked tho.e who were conjuring up
distant visions of terror in the ries not yet broached, and exi
gencies not yet developed, if they saw nothing to fear at an earlier
period and more impending moment, in what might he the
immediate disposition of expectant millions as to the upshot of
a que.tion no longer in speculation or in embryo, but which had
expanded its,lf and passed triumphantly through one branch
of the Legislature, and was now waiting at their Lordships'
threshold, awaiting whatever sentence they might be pleased to
pronounce.—( Hear, hear. )
On the motion of the Marquis of EXETER, the debate was
adjourned.
Their Lordships then adjourned at a Quarter to One o'clock.

HOUSE OF COMMOAS, June 11.
The SPEAKER took the Chair at Four o'clock,
SOUTH YORKSHIRE COAL RAILWAY AND

Lord MORPETH, on theCANAL motißonlLL for the consideration of.
the report on this Bill, moved that the Bill be recommitted to
the former Committee, and that the Committee have leave to
sit and proceed on Monday next at one o'clock. The Noble
Lord, at considerable leugth, stated his reason why he thought
the House ought to agree to the recommittal of the Bill. All
the considerable coal owners in the district were in favour of
the proposed line.
Mr. B. •DENISON seconded the motion. He believed
that if the present Bill had not been included in a group, it
would have pas.ed as an unopposed Bill, as there was not a
single landowner on the line who objected to it. He was
greatly astonished that the South Yorkshire line had been
thrown out ; and he trusted that the Bill would be 're-commit-
ted, for the Committee to consider their former verdict.
Lord G. SOMERSET said he did not mean to oppose the
motion of the Noble Lord ; and after his statement, and that
of his Hon. Friend, he really thought that a case had been
made out for the re-committal of the Bill. He wished, how.
ever, to have the debate on the motion postponed, as it would
be more satisfactory to have the opinion of the Committee as
to their decision before it was submitted for their recon..
siderat ion.

Mr. S. WORTLEY was of opinion that the rejection of
the Bill by the Committee was amost extraordinary proceeding.
After a frw words from Mr. H. BERKELEY,
M. ENT WISLE thought that the general business of the
House, more particularly as connected with railways, was con-
ducted in a very slovenly manner. He was acquainted with
the district through which the line would pass, and the Com-
mittee had thought proper to throw it out as insufficient to
supply the wants of the public. He objected to the recom-
mittal of the Bill, as the Committee had already given their
decision.

Lord SEYMOUR was a member of the Committee, but
was in a minority with his hon. colleagues; if the Bill was
sent bark it was of course agreeable to his opinions, but he
thought there would be no benefit in doing so.
Mr. SHAW thought the House should not send the Bill
back to the same Committee. He did not think any good
would result from such a course. _ _

jobblirn.gCa.t
out.uld
that a railroad I
tr
ho
gghost
tubp, i
Bills eheognbets honest
ea
bem annershou
recommitted.l should b e thrown
WOODalihadt
ee
Ito
en
es i dpatoeltrraaredeeldeelitict
Hse
ei
thoughta Y wai st onewo whichb
be
a pityn o
Mr. ENTWIS rose to explain.
Lord G. SOMERSET made some remarks, which were in-
atu'ible in the gallery.
Mr. R. YORKE thought if they allowed the Bill to be
recommitted, they would open a bad system of jobbery.
Lord NIORPETH said, that after what had fallen from the
Chairman of the Committee, he felt called upon to divide the
—red to w. ithdraw, and the House
House.
41
51
divided,
AF wagrha ktnnibsawetit
Majority
rtrreieerteeye themat
ep. ....
• — 10
FRILFORD INCLOSURE BILL.
Mr. GREENE moved, on further consideration of the re.
port on the Frilford (Berks) Inclosure Bill, to move that the
Standing Order, No. 121, as far as relates to the amendments
hereinafter named, be suspended :—Clause 15, page 7, line 11,
to leave out " they," and insert " he." Clause 90, page 37, line
9, to leave out " plain or unstamped "—Agreed to.
WAKEFIELD. PONTEFRACT, AND GOOLE RAIL-
WAY ( METHLEY, ASKERN, AND OAKENSHAW
BRKNCHES).
Mr. MONCKTON MILNES moved the rejection of this
Bill upon the third reading. His constituents were strongly
adverse to the line, and the promoters of the Bill had not en-
deavoured to remove any of the objections which they enter-
tained towards it.
Capt. BERNARD said that the gentlemen in question had
every opportunity of appearing before the Committee and
making that statement, but they failed to do so, and the
Committee of course came to the decision which
had been reported to the House. He was sure that
if they were to have the decisions of the Committee
overturned upon the statements of gentlemen after the sit-
tings of the Committee, there would be no end to their labours.
He could assure the House that if such decisions were to be
reversed in that manner he would not sit on a Committee on
any condition.
Captain CONOLLY said that the Bill had been agreed to
at a public meeting of the ratepayers, and he saw no reason
why it should not pass.—( Hear, hear.)
After a few words from Lord MORPETH,
Mr. M. MILNES said that after the explanation of the
Hon. Gentleman behind him (Colonel Conolly) he should not
persevere with his amendment, but leave his constituents,
if they were so inclined, to prosecute their case in another
place.
The amendment having accordingly been withdrawn, the
Bill was read a third time and pEPOasse• I.
RRTS.

agnhdo 1
Clyde
yßranch)de
Navigation
The following reports were received and agreed to :—Air-
d:.ie and Coatbridge Waterwork ; Caledonian Railway (Dum-
fries Branch); Caledonian Railway (Dundyvan Branch);
and Bowling
; Earl of Blessing.
Bay Improvement; Dumfries, and Carlisle Railway;
tCoani'esdElitaanteßßaiilllw;ayFt(oLtr

The Committee of Selection }rave
and against tgai-award;Of coarse, no
Committees on Railway
So soon as the w., ks or improvemntsweareppcompleted, the
. fact would be registered with the Clerk of the Peace for the
P of giving the date of the period at whiche alw:ul
compensation b e ' r
A Committee consisting of
Groups:
::tfr-tElosnileotntat(ecdhatihreman),m followingr;
RS eal
se 1 e, -
Itc;j!gtlqr. Leader, Hon. li. F. Berkeley, and Mr. Ger ng, to whom
should be made. It have referred the • - Bills comprised in Group No. 43 of Railway
was proposed that the tenantry who should Bilis, viz.:—
be evicted seven years after they had made improvements Lancaster and Carlisle - • xtension to the Caledonian Railway, and
should have one-half the outlay; if after 14 one- Lancaster and Prestol utonnctiEof Amalgamation,ion,
third ; after 2J years and 28 years, one-fourth.• Heyearws,
came
Cockermouth and Working
to the second part of this Bill, viz., that which related to the Furness Extensions, - .
subject of ejectment. and' *distress. This Bill proposed t. Urkitekayen and Furness Junction, .
..,edonlan (Carlisle Deviation), .
peal the 56th Geo. 111., which gave the power t l to -,
manyadCommittee
of o Ili; -
1-iir fiouintrititteen-coounsiSlttinz, of—Mr. air. Buller (Chairman), Mr. Packe.
nion existed respecting it in Ireland, but he believed that theP referredintge7Alls comprised priseodrlei,i 4.rnodu,Collins, to whom they
.have
disadvantages resulting from it far overbalanced any benefits by unElderstleld and Sheffield, and Leeds,Matipchesiesr9aoufdßailway Ba"
nz.
:
which it was attended. The next object was to limit the , Liverpool and Bury, and Manchester and Leeds,
costs of ejectment, according to a rule and form in the schedule , Manchester and Bolton, and Bury Canal and Railway, and Msn-
attached to the Bill, and this he thought was an unlimited ,
, Manche and Leeds,
benefit. In doing this, he was aware he was not doing se much ,
Manchester r
aanndd LLeeededss,EanxdteLtiserodussand Bradford,
as was desired, but he trusted that too much would not be ex- t -Shellield and Ashton and Manchester,'
pected from the power of Parliament, for the utmost that it ylarekburit and Preston and East Lancashire 11... always Amalgamadon
could accomplish was its interposition of irresponsible power on f LaTticlaest and erest et Junction.
one side, and helplessness on the other. He confessed that he '
A
Commeeit committee to meet on Monday, Juno 22, at one.
agreed with the opinion expressed in the report of the Commis Egerton, Atil..ttlrricgal , nsisting of--girl T. Egerton (Chairman), Sir P.
Sir. Broadwood, and Mr. Forman, to whom
stoners, that it would not be to the interests of the tenant to they have referrei"°"'
the Rini cotnprii.ed in Group No. 63 of Railway
.
have those Acts repealed. That was a strong prima facie evi- ! Bilis, viz.
dente for for the retention of those Bills. Mr. Kyle, who was an 1 Miiiie .elect Commit- eto meet on Thursday, June 2:,liand Great NVesterii (Li.iwy Branch and Longford 1)--
eminent authority, was of opinion that it would be injurious to T
the tenant to have an expensive anode of ejectment. Mr.
Baldwin, assistant-barrister for the county of Cork, entertained --
a similar opinion, and was favourable to the tenant having the
opportunity, by a civil bill process, to demur to an ejectment.
The expenses of a process in the Civil Bill Court did not
amount to more than 15s. or a pound, while a similar process
in the eu • perior Courts would cost 201. That in his opinion
was so strong an argument in
s, favour of the process by civil bal.
he scold that cou not agree to the
proposition of the Hon. and
Learned Gentleman, the Member for Cork. It remained for
him to explain to the House one or two of the leading altera-
tions included in the proposed Bill. The
principle
provision
was that the landlords were to be compelled to give the tenants
judgment the particulars of the demand before, the be served.
Power was to be given to the tenant either to pay
the landlord at once,
or to pay the sum mentioned
on the record into Court, as he might think fit.
Another alteration was of particular importance, as bearing
upon recent events which had taken place in that
country.
At present the landlord, when he wished to eject a particular
tenant, was obliged to eject also the tenants holding under him.
A great deal of the difficulty of dealing with Irish affairs might
be clearly traceable to that cause. A proposition was intro-
duced into the Bill, by which the landlord would have the
power of ejecting any particular tenant without interfering with
the holdings of the sub-tenants, who would remain in the same
position as they were before. The last of the Bills which he
intended to submit to the consideration of the House was a Bill
for providing a sufficient form of lease. It was proposed that
parties desirous of obtaining a lease should be able to write it
out themselves, according to a certain set form, without the
intervention of a solicitor to add to the expense. The objec-
tion to the length of form of the lease would be to a consider-
able degree removed by a diminished stamp duty. It was in-
tended to afford a diminished stamp duty of 2s. 6d. on all
leases on land, not exceeding 50/. a-year rent. He was
desirous of introducing a measure which should be for the benefit
both of the poor and the rich, which should alike protect the
rights of property and the rights of labour. He hoped that the
House would give these Bills their attentive consideration ;
and, in conclusion, would most sincerely hope, in the event of
their becoming law, that their result would conduce to the
prosperity of Ireland.—( Cheers. )
Mr. S. CRAWFORD observed that it was upwards of ten
years since he had introduced the present question into the
House. He must say that he had received very little support
or encouragement in his attempts to legislate on that subject.
The great object of all his Bills had been to provide sufficient
compensation to the tenant from the landlord in all cases of
ejectment. He was of opinion that compensation on an eject-
ment for three years on the lease was insufficient, and was a
feature of the proposed measure that ought to be amended.
He knew the law existed which gave the tenant power to
recover from the landlord the excess of levy; but that was but
a poor retuen, for a tenant might be ruined before he could
obtain any remedy for the loss which he bad sustained. He
hoped the Noble Lord would excuse his opposition to the Bill,
for he opposed it with much regret.
Mr. J. O'CONNELL thought, that next to a decided in-
terference, this was the next best measure that could possibly
have been offered. He could have wished that the principle of
tenant-right custom, found to be se beneficial in the north,
had been made one of general application. It had produced
peace, and he thought it might have been greatly enlarged in
its sphere. Wherever the tenant-right existed there, there was
peace, there there was order and plenty, and there the landlord
got his rent. He woul3 give the Government every credit for
their intentions, and for the spirit in which they had brought
forward their measures. This was notoriously a most difficult
subject, and one on which he himself was hardly competent
1 to judge, With respect to the repeal of the 56th Geo. 111., he
greatly regretted that the Hon. Member for Cork could not be
present to-night, as he would have been able to give a clear
exposition of its bearings. With respect to the pressure of
costs, be thought that the tenant wasquite as liable to be ruined
by the ejectment as by :he excess of levy. It should be ob-
served that Ireland was in a position very different from that of
any other country. There the population was superfluous, and
with no other opportunity of employment than that which was
derived from agriculture. He could have wished that there
was a power in their Bill to restrain the landlord in some
degree from ejecting the sub-tenantry. He knew hundreds, he
might say thousands of instances in which the greatest misery had
been occasioned, and needlessly occasioned, by the exercise of the
power which the landlords possessed. But again he must re-
peat, that the condition of Ireland was to be especially consi-
dered, and in sitting down he was glad to give his cordial co-
operation in carrying this Bill though the House.
Mr. OSBORNE, after apologising for the aspersions which
he threw on the Noble Lord (the Earl of Lincoln), said that he
thought this Bill would be very likely to greatly increase the
number of leases. None but those who knew the difficulties of
the subject could appreciate the temperate and able way in
which he had brought at forward; but he thought that an evil
would be suffered from the imposition of 5 per cent. for drain-
ing. He had been occupied much in draining himself, and
that he thought would prove a peat difficulty.
Sir ROBERT PEEL—It is only 4 per cent., and rated on
the outlay.
Mr. OSBORNE—Thai, of course, did away with his ob-
jection, and he would only now ask when the Bill would be
printed?
The Earl of LINCOLN said that there were a few altera-
tions yet to be made, but he hoped it would be printed to-
night. At any rate he was certain of having it to-morrow.
Mr. SHAW congratulated the House on the unanimity
with which this Bill was received, and he could not refrain also
from congratulating ;his Noble Friend on his great success
in this his first step on a very difficult subject. He thought
they had better not commit themselves to any principle, but
wait till it was printed.
Mr. WYSE wished to know whether there was any previ-
sion in the Bill for rendering the payment of the rent gradual.
He had known cases where the proprietor, residing in France,
had failed it receiving the rent from his immediate tenant, and
a distress and ejectment were immediately enforced against
the sub-tenants, and they were all irretrievably ruined.
The Earl of LINCOLN said that, by the advice of an emi-
nent lawyer connected with Ireland, the clause affecting the
payment of rent had been much modified.

-~ w

aviation)
at one.

EIGHTEENTH REPORT FROM
TIIE SELECT COMMITTEE ON RAILWAY
BILLS CLASSIFICATION.
The *Acct Committee appointed for the Classification of Railway
Bills, according to the Resolutions adopted by the House, have
fltrther considered the several matters referred to tham, and agreed
tl the folloWing report :
Your Committee recommend that the Liverpool and Bury Branches
Railway be transferred tom Group o. 41 to Group -No. 42.

EASTERN UNION RAILWAY

Yesterday the new line of railway between Colchester awl
.ectAors,sptlecieiadliretertaionrs,
o. of
c:tuwhiei
numberciehld':owaliasat:be trohpnuertiUd:sinrtoiee:cln:t:oßfrtsa openedhalisyahboCpyr e rointtlsiypt
cpaohnr theirprojectors,
at
in friends,a te n o
o'clockth e
nat., and arrived at Colchester at half-past eleven. Almost
at the same moment there arrived from Ipswich a train con -
sisting of fifteen carriages, all tastefully decorated with
flaw, streamers, banners, festoons of flowers, and boughs of
awl,aeiguirorsramoetlu,stibatoreneutdslsiidrceitnacrgritrying two bands of musicians. The occu-
pants, a very large proportion of whom were ladies, were
i n
porsi no
nhlaptnshdwesioclinhi
neaeln.yd
Aatccohedredladaedyjopitinni nugipsswlioaocalnrdtsio mtioefsa,
akt
noe
thourthe-
travellers earvs i nigr omc cbuortriej d
taetr
me
iontei h
pe satretro
0, dku
pared by the directors with a befitting,
regard
eggwhichrefreshments
operiodtaste
and
elegance, both trains were united, and the enginemen
having, in Yankee phrase, "boiled up, a
good gallop,"
the journey to Ipswich was pertbrmed in gallant style.
It was a curious sight, and illustrative of the times,
to see the panting brass-bound engines, with their
glittering retinue of four-and-twenty coaches, in all
‘, the beauty and the sheen " of perfect newness,
shooting along through corn-fields and grass-meadows
at the rate of five-and-thirty miles an bour, amidst
the harmonious clangour of drums, trumpets, and
cymbals, while flags floated joyously over head, and
the sun, who itad quite a gala-day of it, beamed
gloriously all around. The new line, which is, in fact, an
extension of the trunk line of the Eastern Counties Railway,
with which it joins issue at Colchester, is sixteen miles in
length. It skirts some of the noblest demesnes in England,
and runs through a tract of country remarkable for the rich
fertility of its soil and the enchanting beauty of its scenery.
Owing to the abruptness of the undulations, and the fre-
quency of their recdtrence, the character of the surface is not
peculiarly favourable for the construction of a railway, but
the skill of the engineer appears to have dealt c!everly with
every difficulty, and the power of attaining great velocity
is agreeably combinel on this line with delightful easiness
of motion and entire absence of oscillation. For a long
portion of the journey the cuttings are very (I..eep, and the
gradient is for some miles together as deep as one in a hun-
dred, but it not unfrequentivhappens that the line runs for a
long district through table-lands, so that the ruling gradient
may on the whole be averaged at one in the hundred and
twenty-five. The line passes through three towns, Man-
niugtree, Ardleigh. and Bentley, and it is in contemplation
to establish other stations besides these. The engineer of the
works is Mr. Peter Bruit', under whose superintendence they
have been executed at a cost of 20.0004 a mile.
The special train reached Ipswich at one o'clock, and its
arrival was hailed by the enthusiastic acclamations of the
townspeople, who assembled at the terminus in thousands to
testify their gratification at an event to them equally novel
and interesting. The visitors repaired immediately after
their arrival to the demesne of G. H. Gower, Esq., who
kindly placed at the disposal of the directors during the day
his pleasure grounds, which are moat picturesquely situated
on the banks of the Orwell, and on which marquees were
erected. A small steam-boat, the River Queen, was spe-
cially engaged to convey the directors and their friends
up the river to view the sailing and rowing matches. Many
hundreds availed themselves of this privilege, and the river
[ presented a gay and animated appearance.. Indeed, it is
nothing more than justice-to the directors to admit that they
left nothing undone to promote the happiness of their guests.
All business in Ipswich was suspended, every shop was
closed, and there appeared to be a general understanding
that the day should be spent in enjoyment. In the evening
the event of the day was celebrated by a public dinner in.
the Asernbly Rooms, White Horse Hotel. Covers were laid
for 180, and at half-past five o'clock fully that number of
gue-ts sat down to table. The entertainment was in all
respects unexceptionable, and the wines were of prima
vintage.

John Chevallier Cobbold, Esq., chairman of the. Eastern
Union Railway Company, presided, and the . follow-
ing gentleman were amongst those present:—The Mayor of
Ipswich, Lord Rendlesham, M.P., G. Hudson, Esq., M.P.,
Captain Gladstone, 111. P., Major Beresford, Lane Fox,
Esq., M.P., Hon. and Rev. Frederick De Grey, Hon. L.
Burrell, David Waddington, Esq., deputy-chairman of the
Eastern Counties Railway; John Fcotman, al., deputy-
chairman of the Eastern Union Railway; the Mayor of Nor-
wich, Rev. John k'enwick, Rev. S. Croft, J. Cobbold, Esq.,
sen., Messrs. F. A. and G. A. Alexander, R. J. Harney, EN.,
of Norwich; F. Pratt Barlow, Esq., J. Oxford, Esq., Jeremiah
Head, Esq., P. B. Long, Esq., James Ponsford, Esq., James
Ransome, Esq., Alien Ransome, Esq„ George JOSSCIVII, Esq.,
The Rev. J. Fenwick said grace. The dinner tool' place at
the Assembly-room of the White Horse Hotel, provided by
Mestra. Chaplin and Castle.
The cloth having been drawn, and the usual toasts of
alty having been given.
The CHAIRMAN proposed the health of the representatives
of the town of Ipswich, Captain Gladstone and AIL Lane
Fox.—(l oud cheers.)
Captain GLADSTONZ returned thanks. He felt deeply
grateful to the committee for having afforded him an oppor-
tunity of being present on that, to him most interesting oc-
casion. That was indeed a great day for Ipswich—(Cheers.)
The Colchester and Ipswich Railway, the opening of which
they were that day met to celebrate, had not been projected,
as a matter of gambling or wild speculation.—(Hear, hear)
It was a bond fide enterprise, as was testified by the fact that.
the majority of the shareholders were persons who resided in
Ipswich or its neighbourhood, and had a direct personal in-
terest in the prosperity cf the town and the undertaking„....
(Hear, hear.) It was not to every enterprise of this kind'
that the praise could be awarded which was due to that rail-
way—namely, that it had been completed within the e.mact
period originally contemplated, and that the cost was 'within
the estimate.—(Hear, hear.) lie entertained sanguine
anticipations of the success of the pnject, and was sure that
the day was not far distant when Ipswich would, through
its instrumentality, become as important a place as, from its
fine river and excellent docks, it was well calculated to be.
,LAKAFOX.aIse sPolte to .the toast..
The CHAIRMAN proposed " The Health of Lord Rendle-
sham and E. Sherlock Gooch, Esq.,--the-representatives of
the County."—(Cheers.)
Lord RENDLESILA3t, in acknowledging the compliment,
observed that there was but oue thing he regretted in con-
nexion with the event they were assembled to celebrate,
and that was, that the railway was not opened, as it ought,
to have been, and might have been, ten years ago.—(Hea%
hear.) He hoped they would soon have a railwaya to do
bridge.—(Cheers.)
" The health of the Earl of Strad broke, Lord. Lieutenant of
the county," having been drunk with all the honours.,
Norwich."
The proposed " The health of
The MAYOR of Norwich returned thanks.
The CHAIRMAN proposed " The bealt.'d of George Hud-
son, Esq., M.P., Chairman of the Eas:tern countiesaway
Company, and the health of the ot);,er Directors of the Com-
pany."—(Loud cheers.)
Mr. HuDsoN returned the,:aks. It had been his good for-
tune to be engaged for a very long time in railway projects,
but he did not claim any merit for himself on that account
It was true that by close attendance to matters of detail, and
to their commercial management, be might have contributed,
to the success of such enterprises; but he had no right to re-
ceive, nor did he seek any merit, for anything he had done
ginagperdominottbinegls:ausctleirunncdeorutialtkiiensgs.RailwAatythhee timeha innumerable
ufioessturtrsienstrtahueabnant:le.d.
dsroae
ntri
ka
23i
no•
goeo
ons enterprises lc)
shareholders,roins ensononh al vnidtwh;
hwionshei
cfacth
intereststh heere-aswaiel
„edrnegacnoginoedfl
way of living were all involved in the projects in which he
was bound up, and many persons might have thoughtw h as
going too far in undertaking anything more,but he- coulde not
refuse the invitation which was made to him the
directors of the Eastern Counties Railway, and he bywould
never regret the day he had embarked any portion of his
fortune in that project. As for the Eastern Union Rail-
way, all he could say of itro!,:wr:srtsasioiornbtcenttrhhtedail
which
chwatoehtasmeshci:nasriLdueorriede:
it an admirable undertaking, anti it would be
tseupvroeesrsti
that
anxious wish to render it as advantageous to the public and as
beneficial to the shareholders asp
it would, in, the course of time,
service to the best interests of Ipswich, and from his heart he
wished it all possible success—a
them was participated in by all
Gentleman concluded by propos-
cheers.) The HonourablenethoubsiboaslticE.pNia.,.uCdihtas.irran. of the Ease
returnedin
Av thanks in appropriate terms, and
Union
e e
cE
shile health
mah oi
tphreo pc!: er
pdo
rtahtei
~hn eoafl
sow "
Ipswich
ct. he
ci ghheeSrts.w e
)al d, the Mayor, and
The Mayor of IPSWICH acknowledged the compliment.
Several other toasts were given and responded to,•and the
company separated at nine o'clock, highly gratified with the
evening s entertainment.
A brilliant display of fireworks was made on the quay, op•
posite the Custom-house, and the joy-bells of the town rang
a merry peal at frequent intervals during the day.
The visitors from London were conveyed back by a special
train, which left Ipswich at half-past nine o'clock, but did not
reach Shoreditch till half-past one.
_4llll

- Sir R. FERGUSON thought that the Hon. Member for
Rochdale (Mr. Sharman Crawford) had gone too far in saying
that the object of this 13111 should be retrospective.
Mr. P. SCROPE differed from the last Member, for unless
the Bill were retrospective in its effect much of the evil which
was suffered could not be remedied. Knowing what be did of
Ireland he was quite sure that both sides must be protected, and
that could not be unless the principle was adopted which the
Hon. Member for Rochdale had advocated, but he did not
wish to disturb the unanimity of the debate, and thanked the
Noble Lord for the introduction of the measure.

Leave vras•then "given tb bring in•the,Bills. ,‘, ,
THE CASE OF MR. DON,OVAN.
Sir H. W. BARRON rose to bring the' petitien of John
Donovan, an officer dismissed from the Customs, before' the
House, and to move for a Committee to inquire into the case.
He said the case was one of great hardship, as a meritorious
officer in the present case had been dismissed through repre-
sentations made to the officers of Customs, which he could
prove were altogether untrue. The Custom-house authori-
ties had been entirely imposed on. Mr. Donovan had been
in the service of the Custom-house for thirty years, and had
only on one occasion been charged with neglect of duty.
That circumstance, however, bad nothing whatever to do with
the present case, as after the occasion on which this took
place he had been promoted. The Hon. Member was pro-
ceeding to state the particulars, when
An How. MEMBEIL moved that the House be counted.
The gallery was then cleared, and there being only thirty-
four Members present, the House adjourned at a Quarter to
Eight o'clock.

[ADVERTISEMENT.]—Do you wish to avojd all the
torture " which shaving has entailed upon your chins?" theft
hasten and try Ross and Sons' newly-invented Railway Strop
so named, as it enables you to shave yourself at a railway paces
and with'as little friction, making even the commonest razor
cut well. The composition is entirely new, and surpasses
everything hitherto invented for the purpose. Likewise, ice.
stead of paste, which few can apply properly, theirs is a powdec
for tenovating the strop, and can be used by a child.—Toto
had, wholesale, retail, and for exportation of the Proprietors,
Ross and Sons, 119, and 120, Ilisbopsgate-street.
[AnvErrrisEmENT.]—TuE EYES.-39, Albemarle.. street, Piccadilly . Optical Instruments to enahleTpersons at ad.
vanced age to read with ease and to discriminate objects withperfeat
distinctness. Messrs. S. and B. Solotaons, opticians, have invent...l
Spectacle Lenses, &c. of the 7greatest transparent power, which awl
patronised by his Majesty the King of Ilanover, her Grace the
Dowager Duchess of Bedford, their Graces the Archbishops of Cam.
terbury, York, and Dublin, the Dukes of Devonshire, Norttuit. Ay.
gyle, Marlborough and Manchester,
Bishops of Exeter and Linmuk
Cork, Elphin, and Kildare. By this invention, imperfectreenabled
vision.
7
le
preserved and strengthened, and very aged persons
t a
and see with!employ their sight at the most minute occupa tit
these lenses of a much less magnifying power, and they do not re.
e deafness. Caution
sibAlel,w,anAdeblva Ilinkinatidac
Acoustic Instruments, for relief o
quire the freqopeuraentGclhassanete,smtiocrfosureotip7..;hxelirnpevism.
it,•.4.
Messrs. S. and B. Soloofmitiones,samOPteiolnanams,e iarnethnletr iiranmanyedipMerrigii:
nected with a person
bourhood, nor in supart of the country. To prevent ro:,itake
,be had at 39, Albetha.ll9,orott, pimp
d observe,
Zart°474nOte Ote YOrkonlllott:1

NEW Ii'ORR" BY DR. CROLY,
Now ready at alt the Libraries, in 3 vols,,
A g S T 0 N.
BY TILE A.IITIIOR OF " SALA.THIEL.7I
" A vigorous tale, full of touching and terrible incident."—Lite-
rary- Gazette.
" A work of appalling poyver "—Naval and Military Gazette.
" In this admirable work we have the masterpiece of one of the
masters pirits of the age. In no work will be found a more splendSd
gallery er distinguished characters, or one so gloriously, yet faelt-
fully painted."—Cheltenham Examiner.
Henry Colburn, Publishsr, 13, Great Marti:MIMI:I-Street.

M

MRS. GORE'S NEW NOVEL.
Now ready at all the Libraries, in 3 vole.,
T DEBUTANTE,
or, THE LONDON SEASON.

By MRS. GORR.—
Author of " Mothers and Daughters," " The Dowager," " Peen
and Parvenus," Scc.
Richard Bentley, Sew Burliugton-street.

RAILWAY SHARES BY PUBLIC SALE.
IiTESSRS. LAMOND, SMALE, AND
1 v LAMOND, Railway Share Auctioneers, beg to thank their
riend3 and the Public for their continued support and patronage,
and to announce that their Public Sales of Railway Shares, &c.,
take ,);ace every TUESDAY and FiIDAT, at One o'clock, at the
Hall of Commerce, Threadneedle-street, London, to which place,
favours, containin4 instructions (with a reference), are respectfully
requeste.t to ,be addressed.
:tl• Scrip and Share Certificates must be deposited, at least
cue day previously to their being offered ; and advice* of results
will be forwarded by the first post After the sale, and the proceeds
imin,iliatelv disposed of according to instructions.
Of:lces, Hail of Commerce, Threadneedle-street, London.

HER MAJESTY'S THEATRE.
The Nobility, Patrons to the Opera, and the Public, are respect-
fully inn)rmed that an EXTRA NIGHT will take place on
THURSDAY NEXT, JUNE 18,
When will be performed Bellini's celebrated Opera, entitled
PURITANI.
Elvira, Madame Grisi ; Giorgio, Signor Lablache ; Arturo, Signor
Mario; Riccardo, Signor Fornasari.
With C.rfaer Entertainments, in which Madame Castellan will
appear.
To conclude with an entirely new Grand Oriental Ballet, by M.
Perrot ; the Music composed and partly selected from Felicien
David's " Ode Symphonique of the Desert," by Sig. Pugni, entitled,
LALLA ROOKH ; or, THE ROSE OF LAHORE.
The principal parts sustained by Mdlle. Cerito, Mdlle. L. Taglionl, •
M. St. Leon, and M. Perrot. Principal Dances Tablean.—pas
Symbolique, by Mdlle. Cerito, supported by Mdlles. Demelisse,
Cassan, James, and Honore, and the corps de ballet. Tableau.—Le
Chebouck, Pas Seal, by Mdlle. Cerito. Last Tableau.—Feast of
Roses, Pas de Corbeils, by Mdlles. L'Amoreux and Julien, and the
corps de ballet ; Pas de Neuf, by Mdlles. Cerito, L. Taglioni, and Si.
St. Leon, supported by Mdlles. Demelisse, Cassan, James, L'Amoreux,
Julien, and Honore.
Applications for boxes, stalls, and tickets to be made at the box
office, Opera Colonnade. Doors open at Seven, the Opera to com-
mence at half-past Seven o'clock.

HER MAJESTY'S THEATRE.
TO-MORROW EVENING
Will be performej (for tat first time this season), Donizettl's Opera,
entitled,
LEM DI LAMMERMOOR,
Lneia. Mdlle. Castellon ; Edgardo, signor Fornasari; Bedebent,
Signor Lablache : Enrico, Signor Mario.
10 conclude with the new Grind Oriental Ballet, entitled
LALLA ROOKH; or, THE ROSIE OF LAHORE.

THEATRE ROYAL. DRURY-LANE.
TIIIA EVENING

Will he performed (for the nftieta time) the Grand Opera, entitled
THE CRUSADERS. file principal characters will. he sustained
by Messrs. W. Hairtion, Rorrani, Horncastle, S. Jones, Weiss.
tiretton, P. W. King, 'slim. Romer, anti Miss Rainforth.

At the end of the Oper t, -ignor Casella will perform a Solo on the
Violoncello ; Madame Dulcken and Mr. W. V. Wa'lare will perform
a celebrated Duet Coicertante on Two Pianofortes ; and Herr
Eis ,nbaum will play a Solo on the Violin.
After which will be produced the popular Ballet ,of PAQUITA.
Lucien d'itervilly, M. Silvain ; Gitane, M. Adrien ; Parmita,
Mdile. Carlotta Grist. In which ales ) will appear Madame Giubilei,
Madlles. Sall, &dele, Louise, Les Sceurs St. Louin ; M. Mathis, W.
11. Payne, and the most numerms and effective corps de ballet ever
introduced upon the English stage.

TIIEATEE ROYAL. FIAYMARILET.
THIS EVENING

Will he performed AulKn's celebrated Opera. entitled THE
BLACK DOMINO; or, A Night's Adventure. Juanita, Madame
Anna Thillon ; Paquita, Miss P. Horton ; Gil Podrida, Mr. J. Bland.
After which a New • 'mule Drama, called A CABINET QUES-
TION. In which Messrs. Brindal, Tilbury, Buckstone, and Miss
Julia Bennett will appear.

To conclude with Mr. Buclistone's Farce of THE IRISH LION
Tim .Lore, Mr. Hudson; Capt. Dixon, Mr. Brinclal; Mr. Squabba,
Mr. Tilbury; M P. Hrrton,

THEATRE ROYAL, LYCEUM.
rTNDER THE MANAGEMENT OF MRS. REELF,T. •
"Robin Hood and Richard Omar de Lion" every Evening. The
" Dustman's Pelle" a great hit.
THIS EVENING
_ _ _

Will he pertbrmed a new Farce, called SISTER AND T. Characters
by Messrs. F Matthews, Meadows, A. Wigan, Emery, Turner,
Kinloch, and Bellingham ; Miss E. Daly, Mrs. Wigan, Miss Arden,
and Miss Forster.
After which, a New and Original Comic Drama, is Two
Acts, founded on a recent well-known event, called THE DUST-
MAN'S BELLE, Principal characters by Messrs. Keeley; Diddear,
Meadows, F. Vining, Kinloch • Miss Villars, and Mrs. Keeley.
To conclude with a New irand Operatic Romantic Burlesque Spec-
tacle, founded upon certain St riling and hitherto Unrevealed Pas-
sages in the Histories of ROBIN HOOD AND RICHARD• C(EUR
DE LION. Characters by Mrs. Keeley, Miss Fairbrothcr, Miss M.
Keeley, Miss Villars, Miss E. Daly, Miss Howard, Miss Bromley
Miss Laidlaw. and Miss Grove ; Mr. A Wigan, Mr. F. Matthews,
lir. Keeley, Mr. Turner, and Mr. J. W. Collier.

THEATRE ROYAL, ADELPHI.
THIS EVENING

Will be performed a new Drama, entitled THE MEMOIRS OF
AN UMBRELLA ; or, The Silent Observer. In which Messrs.
taml-rf, Howe, Boyce, 0. Smith, Wright, R. Ryan, P. Bedford,
Selby ; M:Js Woolgar, Mrs. Yarnold, Miss E. Chaplin, Mrs. F.
Ste., will perform.
After which a New Romantic Drama, in Six Tableaux, called
THE QUEEN OF THE ABRUZZI. The principal characters 'sus-
tained by Madame Celeste, Miss Chaplin ; Messrs. Paul Bedford,
). Smith, Cullenford, Ryan, Boyce, &c.
• To conclude with the new and successful Farce, entitled THE
cORFORAL'S WEDDING ; or, .k Kiss of the Bride, Major Oilskin,
Mr. Selby; Nancy Cobb, Miis Woolgar.

NEW STRAND THEATRE
Open every Evening, with the greatest • Novelties of the Day.
rHILLIPPE feels happy to announce that he has, at great
r.xperise' succeeded in bringing to London the most extraordinary
and celebrated 310NICEYS anti DOGS ever seen. Those unpara,-.
Wed animaiS have obtained the most unbounded success in Paris
and the principal cities on the Continent.
Doors open at a Quarter before Eight; to commence at a Quarter
after Eight o'clock. Stalls, 35.; Boxes, 25.; Pit, is.; Gallery, Ggi. ;
,Private Boxes, 11. is. and 10s. 6(1.
PIIfLLIPPE will give his Performances THIS EVENING at
the r;TANDARD THEATRE, Shoreditch.

PR, NcEss':4 THEATRE. oxFoun-sTagiol
The Lad sight of Mr. MACREADY'S Engagement.
THIS EVENINd

Will !it; performed a tliOv Historical Play, In five Acts, entitled
THE KING OF THE CO3INWNS. James V. of Scotland, Mr.
Nacreinly ; Sir Adam Weir, Mr. ii...7de7 ; George Weir, Mr. Cooper ;
Malcolm Young. .5,1 r. Murray ; Laird Small, Mr. Compton ; Mungo
Small, Mr. Oxberry ; Lord Kiimaurs, Mr. Roxby ; Madeline Weir,
Mrs. Stirling; Widow Barton, Mrs. Fostroke.
To con dude with a Grand Fairy Ballet, entitled THE SPIEL r
OF AIR. Principal characters by Miss /Tolson, Mr. Flisxmore,
Miss Faucit, Mid; Bailin, Mr. Gilbert, Mr. and Miss Marshall, acc.

.I.6TLY'X' II RilY AL AMPHITHEATRE.

Proprietor, Mr. W. Batty.
Under the especial p xtronav,e of her Most Gracious Majesty, and
their Royal Highnesses Prince Albert, the Prince of Wales, and
the priNeess Royal. 6 ir,t Week of the celebrated General Tom
Thumb, in his popular Drama, by Albert Smith. Second Week
of the highly successful Military Spectacle.
T Hits P.V EN INO
Will he performed the New Asiatic Spectacle, called THE
SIKHS' INIYASION ; or, Our Victories of 1d46. In which is in-
trosluced the epl.ndid brass band, double stud, &c.
New and popular SCENES of the CiIiCLE, by the numerous
troupe of British and Foreign Artistes.
Totonclude with the Burlesque of HOP 0' MY THUMB. Hop
elny Thumb, by (I,lle-id 'torn Timm!) ;in which he will in-
Z- Skger melodeit. dances, &c
Ti.„11.-; Y, June 12; the secoud of the grand series of the
-day -reilTesentationB will take place; on which occasion the per-
formances 011 be precisely the same as those so recently performed
by command of her most gracious Majesty. The performances will
commence at two o'clock.
110 x-office open from eleven till five o'clock.—Doors open at six
and commence at seven o'clock.