The Sun.
London, England, 1870-02-08 00:00:00

SEPTEnBER.

Warwick 6 7 I Richmond 2C, 21
Abingdon 8, 9 I Western Meet (Ayr) 21 to 23
Doncaster 13 to 16 I [London 94, 23
Hampton 20, 21 I Newmarket Ist Oct. 27 to 80
OCTOBER. _ .

_
Bedford 4, 5 ( Newmarket 2n 0ct..10 to 14
Leicester G, 7 1 Cheltenham 18, 19
Bromley 6, 7 I Newmarket 110t'u...24 to 29
NOVEMBER. _ . . ....

Liverpool 8 to 11 1 Shrewsbury 14 to 18

STEEPLECHASE FIXTURES-1870.
FEU-WARY..
Birmingham '3, 9 I Harrow
Derby .lO, 11 i Newton 25, 26
DIARCH.

Liverpool 8,9, TUT -1-,,:,;n1ey„.„.31 and April 1
West Somerset 16, 17 Cheiteuhani...3l and April 1
Warwick 92 to '24 !

APRIL.

Aldershot 7, -8- Ikings ry lB, 19

Bank of France.

PARIS, Feb. 3.

The following is the return of the Bank of France
for the week ending to-day, together with the cor-
responding figures of the previous account :

DEBTOR.
Jan. 27.
fr. c.
Capital of tho Bank 182,500,000
Profits in addition to
Capital (Art. 8, Law,
Juno 9, 1857) 7,014,776 02 7,014,776 02
Reserve of the Bank

Feb. 3.

182,500,000 -

22,105,750 -

22,105,750 14

and its branches
Reserve of landed pro-
perty 4,000,000 4,000,000
Notes in circulation
Banknotes to orderaud

- -
receipts payable at
sight 41,593,771 45 42,658,221 97
Treasury account cur-
rent creditor 164,620,483 52 158,035,018 76
Current accounts, Paris 279,586,821 50 311,892,861 01
Do. branch banks 42,481,011 45,828,490
Dividends payable 3,115,143 2,631,008
Discounts and sundry
interests
Rediscounted the last
six months 1,305,522 15 1,305,522 15
Surplus of receipts not
distributed
Sundries

9,938,120 61 10,741,068 27

Total
CREDITOR.
Feb. 3. Jan. 27.
Cash in hand and in fr. c. fr. c.
Branch banks
Commercial bills over-
due
Commercial bills dis-
counted, not yet due 333,320,156 91 326,011,727 80
Do. branch banks 318,470,024 313,182,182
Advances on deposit of
bullion 14,364,300
Do. branch banks 1,630,000
Do. on French Public
Securities 20,926,400
Do. by branch banks 8,211,150
Do. on railway shares
and debentures
Do. branch banks
Do. on Credit Fancier •
Bonds
Do. branches
Do. to the State (Con-
vention, June 10,
1857) 60,000,000
Government Stock re-
serve 12,980,750 14 12,980,750 14
Do. disposable
antes Immobalisees
(Law, Juno 2, 1857) 1C0,000,000 100,000,000
Hotel and furniture of
the Bunk and landed
property branches ~.
Expenses of manage-

323,172 78

164,252 36

14,927,810 -
2,212,700 --

20,992,400 -
8,718,950 -

89,580,6(,0 -
33,047,550 -

1,150,900 -
1,`114,900 -

1,149,300

60,000,000
,-

9,074,396 -

9,074,384 -

wont
Sundries

221,124 17 39,918 02
7,053,246 06 5,490,301 70

Total
Certified by the Senator-Governor of the Bank
of FraL ce.

(Signed) ROuLAND.

PRICE OF GOLD.

---
The quotation of gold at Paris is about at par , and
tie short exchange on London is 251. no. per £1 sterling,
On comparing, these rates with the English Mint price of
£3 178.104 d. per ounce for standard gold, it apped.rs that
gold at the above price is slightly dearer in Paris than in
London:

CONFERENCE ON EDUCATION.

F3IR JOHN PAKINGTON ON EDUCATIO7I.

A conference was held on Monday at the Society of Arts
rooms to discuss " the best means for providing throughout
the country a national system of education, where'll
every child in the kingdom may have opportunities of
obtaining elementary instruction, of a character at least equal
to that which is within the reach of all in Prussia, Saxony,
Switzerland, and other continental countries" The sir
cular convening the meeting went on to say that the council
of the Society of Arts is of opinion that it is of compara-
tively small value to provide means for the teaching of
science and art, unless, in the first instance, the people are
prepared to take advantage of it by an extended and im-
proved system of elementary or primary instruction. The
piesent time is considered particularly fitted for a Confer-
ence, The Society of Arts takes no political or party view
of the question, but sympathises with all who
profess to provide for the national education of the people.
Lord Hesine LENNOX, as chairman of the council, pre-
sided. He said the Society of Arts thought that there
was no society which had a better claim to be heard on
the subject of education than themselves. They were the
first to establish the system of local examinations. They
sympathised with the object of the Union and League,
and subscribed to both, as their aim was to place
within the reach of every child a sound primary
education, but the Society of Arts went further, and said
that it was possible for a child to have a second-class—a
higher education. The speaker then went on to read a
report prepared by Mr. Chadwick, which said that in
Ealing and Brentford there was a drinking shop to every
hundred persons, and the average taking was .C 360. In
the former £B,OOO were spent per annum in chink,
and £750 in education, or 30s. per head
in drink against thirty pence in education, and in Brent-
ford £20,000 was spent in drink against £l,OOO
in education, or £3 per head iu drink, and 3s.
in education. The society was in favour
of supplementing the present system. They
did not wish to dictate to the Government
on the subject, but only to strengthen it.
They wished to extend the action of the Factory Acts
already in existence. There should be compulsion in the
case of the street Arabs, and though the expense would be
considerable, the Chancellor of the Exchequer would find
Veit eventually the amount would be saved. With refe•
rence to denominational education, the Chairman said
he was in favour of a conscience clause, and he found that
public opinion had veered round to that opinion during
the past few years.
Sir JOHN' PAXINGTON, M.P., proposed the first melts-
tion, which was to the effect that a department of
Government, responsible to the Government, be consti-
tuted, in order to secure the education of every child
in England and Wales, and that the department should
have large and general powers. Sir John hoped that the
discussion would not be carried on in a religious, political,
or exaggerated manner. He had never been on enthusi-
astic admirer of the present denominational system, and
as a national system he looked on it as a " clumsy
contrivance ;" but it was now so rooted in the
country that he did not think any prudent
man would wish to uproot that system. The
duty of the Government in reference to it was to
make it reach every class of the people. There were
three great requirements to make the system a good one.
First, there must be additional schools, though he did not
think that so many were required as some people thought.
The second requirement was that the present schools
should be better _ than they are. The third and
most important was that the attendance should
be more regular, and the stay of the child longer.
As to the question of compulsion, it was one that required
to be cautiously considered and cautiously dealt with.
He hoped that the Government would go for indirect com-
pulsion on the basis of the Factory Act, so that the child
should not leave school till fourteen years of age.
With respect to religious teaching, there could
bo no objection for the Society of Arts to have
said Aye or No whether there should be a religious teach-
ing in schools. He did not advocate that religious teach-
ing should bo banished from our schools. He did not
believe that was the sentiment of the people of England.
He would read extracts from a letter of Mr. Miall
read at the meeting of the League at Birmingham, and
also an extract from the speech of Mr. Bright, who said
that love of truth, virtue, and God, and the fear of
offending Him, every teacher should teach. Neither
Mr. Bright nor Mr. Mall were Tories or Church-
nen; but they were Christiana. If the secular
system were adopted, the suggestions would
not be carried out. He thought that denomina-
tional schools must be left as they are; but whenever
funds were given from the Government, there should be
an indispensable conscience clause. If the system by
which the children were taught the Lord's Prayer, the
Creed, and the Ten Commandments were adopted, he
thought it would meet with approval. Sir John then
went on to speak as to the necessity of a Government
department in education. Lord de Grey was supposed to
be the education Minister by some and Mr. Forster by
others ; but they had no distinct power to originate
measure, or to come down to a cabinet and say,
"these are my views and must be carried
out." He hoped the Coveinment would com-
mence its administration of this subject by the
appointment of a department competent to deal with the
question. As for himself, he should in this question know
no party, but the millions of children of this country on
whom in future the country had to depend.
Canon Meeseeee seconded the resolution. Everybody
felt that the question of religious teaching must be
brought forward. He was desirous that the Church
should be equal to the national demand. He did not
want it to be narrowed into a mere denomination, to which
the action of some of its members would lead it. He did
not believe in dogmatic religious teaching; but would
have the Creed, Ten Commandments, and the Lord's
Prayer taught. He did not believe in " top dressing" of
religious teaching ; but without religious teaching, the
master of a school could carry out no system.
Mr. BUXTON, M.P.. supported the resolution. As long
as there was no man who was responsible for education
there was a loss of power. If he believed that the majority
wished teaching to be separated from religion he should
reluctantly bow to it ; but he held a totally different
opinion, The religious difficulty, of which they
used to hear so much, was rapidly vanishing. He believed
that now all parties were in favour of a-stringent conscience
clause where Government aid was given. There must be
sufficient school accommodation, and they must take all
the steps possible to make the children stop longer at
school. With regard to the first the Privy Council would
have to make searching inquiries, and.by liberal grants there
would soon be additional schools. If that was not found
practicable, he would go to the ratepayers, but he could
not go with the League in the opinion that there ought to be
educational districts. He thought, save in exceptional
circumstances, appeals should be made to Government for
supplementary grants. He was also opposed to throwing
schools open gratuitously to children of all kinds, as it
would take too much responsibility off the hands of the
parents. By doing away with the parents' fees they would
be acting disrespectfully to the working classes, in placing
them,as it were, on a distinct footing from the other classes
He would extend the Factory Acts, but gradually, so as
to bring the employers to a sense of the extreme impor-
tance of having the children educated.
Mr. CORRANCE, M.P., as representing the Union, was
glad there was so little difference between theirscheme and
that of the Society of Arts. He was in favour of Govern-
ment management an I Government aid instead of a rate
on the ratepayers of a given parish.
The Rev. W. ROGERS said the religious question had rot
been imported into the question by the people themselves, but
by enthusiasts. The people wanted religion; but certainly
not dogmatical religion. Some people wanted to frighten
them by saying that the schoolmasters would teach
atheism; but he maintained that, as a class, they were a
religious and moral class. Very few clergymen taught in
the schools, but they ought to do.

Mr. J. S. WRIGHT (Birmingham) heartily supported the
resolution. They were all agreed on one thing—that
there should be a Government department. It should be
obligatory on a parent to provide the child with educa-
tion. They had no right to place, as the Factory Act did,
the obligation of educating the young primarily on the
employer; the State and the parents had a right to do it.
Dean ALFORD believed that the religious difficulty hail
vanished. lie thanked God that the present diffi-
culty was one that would not endure. It was now whether
the Government should support the school without sup-
porting religions.
Mr. J. II BASTARD, a member of the League, advocated
its principles. He thought that compulsion was made a
bugbear of, and he really did not know how, without it,
many of the children would get to sebool. If conipltlsi! n
wore adopted, the school must be free. lle amted that the
eacitingof the creed was the teaching of doctrine—a thing
they wished to avnid.
Dr. W. B. IloosoN was in favour of the motion, but
thought that the speakers had not stuck to the resolution,
but discussed general matters that arose from it.
The resolution was then carried.

Professor OWEN moved the second resolution, which
was, "That the means of instruction in reading, writing,
arithmetic, with moral training, and, where practicable, in
drawing, singing, and drill, bepi'ovided for all, and encour-
a,:;ement given by Government to the higher branches of
pliant culture, science (especially that bearisig on health)
and art, and that infant, primary. and secondary school►.

colleges, and universities receiving Government aid be
helped to act in union as far as possible, as parts of a
system." The learned Professor felt that secondary edu-
cation depended very much on primary education. The
study of natural history was well calculated to teach
methodical arrangement, observation, and classification.
The latter was a species of logic.
Mr. E. CHADWICK seconded the motion, and pointed out
the great want of technical education. He had heard it
s lid that mere education would not sufficiently occupy r.
Minister, and perhaps that would be so if they had only
education ; but it was shown that a great number of deaths
occurred among the children through bad school-houses;
and the minister could see after health.

Mr. GEORGE CAMPBELL, as one of the people, said he
was glad the word "compulsion" had not been introduced
into the present resolution. They must put the "three
R's " within the reach of every child in the kingdom. llts
advocated morals founded on religion as part of the
primary education.
Canon MELVILLE moved, as an amendment, to insert the
words "religious instruction" just before the words
moral training."
The Rev. Dr. BARRY seconded the amendment. Ire
thought that moral education without religious educatinn
was impossible‘

Professor OWEN thought the rev. gentleman who had
Proposed the amendment ought to give a definition of tha
meaning of the word " religion."
Dean Arson]) thought that the words of the amendment
were badly placed.

Mr. S. MORLEY, M.P., was of opinion that the majority
of the working classes were not opposed to religions
teaching. They objected to their children being used by
any denomination to swell its numbers. That was his
idea ; but he protested against any attempt to drive them
out from any school where religion was taught. He wished
the teacher, supposing a child had committed a theft, not
only to say " You have committed a theft," but also to
shew him that he had offended the law of God. (Hear,
hear.)
Mr. BUXTON, M.P., would not object to Government
giving aid to secular schools where people like to have
them.

Mr. HOSKYNS asked for the word " unsectarian" in the
amendment, after "religious instruction."
Dr. BENNETT thought they were representing the
working classes as they thought they were, and not as
they really were. If they had invited some of the leaders
of the working classes, they would have heard what they
really thought on the subject. He knew a great deal of
the working classes, and knew that they looked at the
question from a purely unsectarian point of view. They
were asking for a State education, and that the State
should teach them religion.
Mr. T. ID:ouEs, ➢I.P., did not think that was implied in
the words of the resolution.

Dr. BENNETT, LL.D., continued to contend that the
words of the resolution conveyed the meaning he had at-
tributed to them. The opinion of the country was against
State interference with religion, and the words of the
resolution, as amended, would set the Council up as
against the declared will of the people in this matter. If
they insisted on the Bible being read it was sectarian edu-
cation. The Protestant version of it would be looked ea
as heretical by the Roman Catholics, and thus many
a conscientious Catholic would refuse to send his chil-
dren to school. They must also think of Ireland, and if
there was denominational education in this coun-
try the Catholics would have it in Ireland.
They wore told by Cardinal Cullen and the Irish
Bishops what they meant by denominational education—•
a thing different to what they understood. By the
words of the resolution they approved either of an Irish
grievance, or endowed in fact Catholicism. lie believed
that the word " unsectarian " was not enough for the
working classes ; they wanted "secular." (No, no.) II:
spoke from experience.
Sir JOHN PAKINGTON thought that Mr. Miall might be
taken for as good an interpreter of the feelings of the
working classes as the last speaker. A Conference
of the sort they were ought not to go into
details. They were assembled to consider prin.-
ciples. They came to a broad principle—was or was
not religion to be excluded from the teaching of the
schools? He said, No; but did not wish that to be the
least sectarian. He should be sorry fer a report to emanate
from such an influential conference that they were oppogeci
to religious teaching. He would suggest to Canon Mel-
ville and Dr. Barry that, instead of saying. "with religious
instruction," they should say, "with due regard to
religious and moral training."
Dr. BITTLEI2 Viought the reliTious in-`ruction -ould
best given by the master of the school, and it would be a
bad day if they had to hand over tbo religious training to
the ministers of the different denominations.

Canon .11ELTILLE said that he vi void accept :air John
Pakington's suggestion.

Canon CROMWELL supported the amendment as sug
Bested by Sir John Pakington. He held that the educe
tion was not given by Government, but by the dcnomina
tions themsclvc.3.

The amendment, as suggested by Sir John raking ton,
was put to the meeting and carried.
Mr. EIR;Au BowniNo, M.P., moved a r‘ solution to the
effect that no child be had for labour who is under a given
age and not receiving satisfactory instruction, and that
the attendance at school be compulsory, according to
the principle of the Factory Act; and that indus-
trial schools, union schools, reformatory schools,
and the like should be brought under one direc-
tion, and compulsory powers given to take and
educate children of the vagrant and destitute classes.
He had just been before his constituents and they were of
his opinion. He was sorry that such a difference existed
between the statistics of the League and the Union; for
while the former said there were 2,000,000 of children
who 'ought to be at school, the latter placed the figures
at 300,000 to 400,000. The plan of indirect compulsion,
as advocated in the resolution, was superior to direct com-
pulsion as Ile felt the English people would not like the
fines and penalties that would necessarily be comrnitant
with the enactments.
Mr. ALEXANDER REDGRAVE seconded the resolution:
Where the factory system had a fair opportunity it worked
well.

In answer to Dr. Barry, Mr. CHADWICK said in tho
ag,icultural districts the system of children attending the
schools on alternate days in lieu of the half-time system
adopted in the factory districts had been found to work
well.

Sir JoHN PAKINGTON hoped that the system of half-time
would be extended to the agricultural districts. He
argued that penal consequences ought to be visited on the
employers as much, if not more, than on the parents.
Mr. ASHFIELD (a working man) did not see how they
could find out whether the child had been to school. Ho
did not approve of the half-time system. He believed
that the compulsory aspect of the question would be the
most difficult one on which to arrive at a conclusion.
llr. REDGRAVE said there was a system by which it was
easily ascertainable whether the child had been to school
or not.

Mr. S. MORLEY, M.P., thought the resolution a most
important one, as it did not go very far in the direction of
compulsion. The parents did nut care for the few pence
paid for the schooling, but they thought of the few
shillings a week they earned. They went in the
right direction when they forbad the employers to pay
wages.

Sir JOHN rAKINGTON supported the system of parent
fees. He did not think it right to, as it were, throw away
the £500,000 yearly received from that source; and,
secondly, the parents had a right to contribute.

The resolution embodying this view was unanimously
carried, and the Conference rose at half-past five o'clock,
having sat, with the interval of half an hour, since cloven.

Glasgow is said to be overrun with pickpockets,
and robbery from the person to have greatly Increased. Im-
portations of thieves from England have taken place conse-
quent upon the operation of the Habitual Criminals Act in
this country.

The Blandford magistrates Imre committed for
trial at the Dorset Assizes Henry Stickley, for obtaining
money from Charles Hambro, gag., Ml'. for Weymouth,
by pretending he wanted to rejoin his regimen{ at
Bristol.
The Liberte says :—" A subject of conversation
in diplomatic circles is a scandal of which a Princess of the
Imperial family of Austria has made herself the heroine.
The Archduchess Elizabeth, tired of the monotony of
conjugal life, fled recently from the chateau of Seclo-
vi•z, abandoning her husband, the Archduke Charles
Ferdinand, and her four Children, in order to see the
world. She was however overtaken at Harnburgh just as
she was about to embark for the United States. The
Archduchess is 30 years of age, and is a daughter of the
Archduke Joseph of Austria, Palatine of Hungary, and
consequently sister of the Queen of the Belgians. She
was the widow, after two years of marriage, of Duke Ferdi-
nand of Modena, brother of th.-+ Countess do Chambord
and of the Princess Nati•t of Bourbon, mother of Don
Carlo: ; rlre subsequently married tli Archduke Charles
Ferdinand. A dteighter by her first husband is the wife
of Prince Luitpodil of Itavaria, and one of the most wealthy
Princesses in Europe."
Tut CANADIAN PACIFIC RAILWAY.- •Notice has been
given in the official gazette, Ottawa, that an application
will be made to Parliament next session for a charter to
construct a railway from Ottawa to Fort Garry, Red River,
and thence to the confines of British Columbia; also for
the construction of a branch from Fort Garry to the most
conveni•-•nt point in the United States, with power, also, to
build steamers and other vessels and navigate the River
Saska: an and its branches. and the rivers and lakes
traversed by the rail ay-; also, that the credit of the Do-
minion be extended in aid of such company by granting
mortgagos on the wild lands of the Crown along the route
in proportion as the work promeds. The name of the
company will be the Canadian Pacific Railway a,ud Navi-
gation Company.