The Sun.
London, England, 1848-01-05 00:00:00

TRE ll7l*/ LOrtIONt

Now ready, price 6s. bound, and illustrated,
EMILIA WYNDHAM. CHEA.P EDITION.
Forming the New Volume of
COLBURN'S ,TANDARI) NOVELS.
" Zmina Wyndham is a masterpiece. The characters are real,
and the whole story a delightful combination of the natural, the
passionate, and the wise."—Examiner.
" Let no one who wishes to read a work of fiction with Le stamp
of genius upon it, hesitate in procuring ' Emilia Wyndham. "
John Bull.
Henry ColbUrn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street.

TO BE HAD AT ALL THE LIBRARIES.
ENV NOVELS, JUST PUBLISHED
BY MR. BENTLEY.

WARRENNE, the MEDICAL PRACTITIONER. By the
thor of " Margaret Capel," &c. 3 vols.
IL

ERNZST SINGLETON. By the Author of "Doctor Hookwell."
3 vole.

O'LrNN ; or, Luck is Everything. By W. H. Maxwell,
Esq. Author of " Stories of Waterloo," &c. 3 vols.

IV.
ST, ROCHE. Edited by James 3forier, Esq. 3 volt

NORMAN'4 BRIDGE ; or, the Modern Midas. By the Author
of " Emilia Wyndham," &c. Second Edition. 3 vols.
VI.
MARK'S REEF ; or, The Crater. By J. Fenimore Cooper, Esq.
3 vols.

Richard Bentley, New Burlington-street,

DR. CROLY'S SERMONS.
Now ready, in 1 vol. Bvo., price 10s. 6d. cloth,
SERMON S preached in the Chapel of the Found-
ling Hospital, with others preached in St. Stephen's, Waihrook,
in 1847. By the Rev. GEORGE CROLY, LL.D., hector of St.
Stephen's, Walbrook, and St. Benet's.
London : Smith, Elder, and Co., 65, Cornhill.

TILE HAMPDEN CONTROVERSY.
On Saturday, in Bvo., price 3s. 6d. boards.
AN IMPARTIAL HISTORY of the HAMP-
DEN CONTROVERSY, from its Commencement in 1832, to
the present time. With extracts, showing the tendency of the
Hampton Lectures, delivered by Dr. Hampden ; and Copies of all the
Documents that have appeared on the subject.
By the Rev. HENRY CHRISTMAS, F.R.S., F.S.A., &e.
London: smith, Elder, and Co., 65, Cornhill.

TO FAMILIES ABOUT TO VISIT ITALY.
STEAM DIRECT from SOUTHAMPTON on the 15th of
every month, to GENOA, LEGHORN, CIVITA. vEccaue, and
NAPLES.
The PENINSULAR and ORIENTAL STEAM NAVIGATION
COSLP.A.NY'S Steamship IBERIA, Captain C. F. BURNEY, will
start from Southe on SATURDAY, January 15, at Two P.M.,
for the above Parts.
This vessel has been fitted expressly for First•cla.ss Passengers and
their ServMits.
iooses'and Carriages taken on Deck.
Private Cctiins can be secured by early application.
Rates of passage and plans of the vessel may be obtained at the
Company's Offices, No. 51, St. Mary Axe, London.

THEATRE ROYAL, HAYMARKET.
Un ler the ManagementTHISEVENING

Will be performed the,Comedy of LONDON ASSURANCE. Sir
Harcourt Courtly, Mr. Farren; Charles Courtly, Mr. Howe; Mark
Meddle, Mr. Rogers ; Max Harkaway, Mr. Tilbury ; Cool, Mr.
Brindal ; Mr. Spanker, Mr. Keeley; Dazzle, Mr. Henry Farren ;
Lady Gay Svatiker, Mrs. Nisb:At ; Grace Harkaway, Miss Julia
Bennett ; Pert, Mrs. Humbv.
To conclude with a New and Original Durlesque Spectacle entitled
THE WORLD UNDERGROUND; or, the Golden Flute and the
razeu Waters.
Stage Manager, Mr. Farren; Acting Manager, Mr. F. Webiter.
J. T. Archer, Box-book keeper.
Boxes, ss. ; Pit, 3s. ; Gallery, 2s. ; Upper Gallery, Is.
• Doors open at Half-past Six, Performance to commence at Seven.

THEATRE ROYAL, ADELPHI.
Under the dire,ctionEV o :Ma ad Celeste. celeste.
TIIIS NG

Win be Presented an entirely new Piece, entitled the PEARL OF
THE OCEAN ; or, the Prince and the Mermaiden. Principal cha-
racters 0' Messrs. Waye, P. Bedford, Wright, Munyard, Glennaire,
Cullenford. and Worrell ; Miss Woolgar, Min Emma Harding, Miss
Ellen Chaplin, Mrs. Laws, and Madame Celeste.
To be lotlowed by a new Farce entitled THE TIPPERARY LE-
GACY. Uremia Green. Mr. Wright ; Bob Gills, Mr. Munyard ;
L inty Scrimmage, ,Ir. Paul Bedford ; Chubblock, Mr. Cullenferd ;
Policeman, 3,r. Landers ; Lizzy Chubblock, Miss Woolgar.
To conclude with an Italian Pantomime, entitled PIERROT, the
Married ant POLICHINELLO, the Gay Single Fellow.
I;ux,s, 45.; I'it, 25., Gallery, Is.
Pners ()perk at Half-past Six, Performance to commence at Seven.

ROYAL LYCEUM THEATRE.
Under the Management of Madame Yestris.
Solo Lessee, Mr.
EVE Charles Mathews.
THIS NING

ie 'presented new Comic Drama, entitled TIII3 TRA-
GEtiy
Ahor which, a New Fairy Extravaganza, entitled TUE GOLDEN

To t oncludoq ith a Romance of Real Life, called BOX and COX.
Principal characters by Mr. Harley, Mr. liuckstone, Ulla Mrs. Mac.
tusmara.

Dreut Box,, ss. ; Upper Boxes, 4s. ; Fit, 2s. ; Gallery, Is. No
half-pri!* to any part of the house.
Thu aSew Box-office, No. 2, Wellington-street, is open to the
Public every day, from Ten till Six.
The Interior of the House has been entirely re-designed by Mr. W.
Bradwell of the Cclosseum.

PRINCESS'S THEATRE.

Mr. J. M. Maddox, sole Lessee and MaL,iger, Duchess-street,

Portland. place.

Engagelnant of Mrs. Mow att and Mr. Davenport, from America.

Tills EVENLY°

Will be presented Sheridan Knowles Play of THE HUNCHBACK.
Master Walter, Mr. Cooper; Sir Thomas Clifford, Mr. Davenport ;
Lord Tinsell, Mr. J. Vining ; Julia, Mrs. Mowatt ; Helen, Miss E.
Montague.
conekde with a new Christmas Pantomime, entitled OLD
FATHER. TIME ; or, Harlequin and the Four seasons.
Dress Circle, 55.: Boxes, 45.; Pit, 2s. ; Gallery, Is.

FRENCH PLAYS.—KICTIGONE.
Lessee, Mr. John Mitchell, 33, Old Bond-street.
Mr. Mitchell respectfully announces that the celebrated lyrical
tragedy of ANTIGONE, from the Greek of Sophocles, with the en-
tire music oi the illustrious composer Mendelssohn, will be produced at

ST. JAMES'S THEATRE,
THIS EVENING,

Distribution of the Choracters.—Creon,- M. Bocage, as originally
l'y him at the Theatre tie l'Odeon, Paris, and by whom the
se en Scene at this theatre will be conducted ; Benton, M.
; Tiresias, M. Lemonier ; Le Garde, M. St. Marie ; Le Coryphee,
1. Henri Alia ; Antigone, Mtne. itabut Fechter (her Brat appear-
,nce this season) ; Ismene,'Mulle. Baptiste ; Eurydice, Mdlle. Berthc,

- . - -
Director of the Music.. • • .. M. Jules Benedict.
For the efficient perf.mnance of this celebrated composition the
following professors have been expressly engaged, and will consti-
tute the orchestra :—First Violins—Messrs. Burotte, Deloffre, News-
ham, Mellon, Thirlwall, Brown, Goffrie, and Morris. iecond
Violins—Messrs. Ella, Payton, Zerbini, Newshain, jun., Elsinore,
and Watson. Tenors—Messrs. Lyon, Glanville, Weslake, and It.
Blagrove. Violencellos —Messrs. Lucas, Filet, L. Phillips, and
Guest. Double Basses—Messrs. Rowell, Campanile, Severn. and
Griffiths. Flutes—Messrs. Itibas and King. Oboes—Messrs. G.
Cooke and Nicholson. Clarionettes —Messrs. Boose and Maycock.
Corni—Messrs. Charles Harper and Cailcott. Bassoons—Messrs.
Larkin and Winterbottom. Trumpets—Messrs. Thomas Harper arid
Handley. Trombones--Messrs. smithies, Ilea'ey, and Winterbot-
torn. Drums—Mr. Chipp• harp—Mr. T. WOOL Conductor—
Mr. Benedict.
N.B. A numerous and cowerful chorus has alsobeen engaged under
the superintendence of Mr (]rice and Mr. Lee.
A new scene has been painted for the subject by Mr. Muir and
assistants,
A detailed prospectus of the general arrangements, and of the
pieces which will be produced during the season, may be bad at Mr.
Mitchell's Royal Library, 33, Old Bend-street ; and at the Box-office
of the Theatre, which is open daily, from 11 to 5.
Boxes, 65.; Pit, 3s. Gd.; Amphitheatre, 3s. ; Gallery, 2s

ROYAL SURREY THEATRE.
usdee. Yr,. F. Davidge, No. 1, I.w/14e-terrace, Kensington-road,
Surrey.
THIS EVENING, the performances will commence witk the
ilenrated Opera of

THE BOHEMIAN GIRL.
Count Arnhelm, Mr. Stretton ; Devilshoof, Mr. H. Horncastle ;
Arline, Miss Raintorth.
To conclude with a new Pantomime, entitled EATTLEDOOR and
SHUTTLECOCK ; or, Harlequin Trap, Bat, and gall.
A ylistiact entrance to the private boxes has been made (which
have been re-fitted). Private boxes may be had sightly of all the
grincipal Librarians ; and at the Box-etll;* of the Theatre, whici► is
open daily from Ten until Four.
Boxes, 2s. ; Pit, Is. ; Gallery, 6d.

ROYAL VICTORIA THEATRE.
THIS EVENING

Will be performed TUE LIGIITERM -AN of BANKSIDE ; or, the
Orphan of Bermondsey. Characters by Messrs. Dale, Henderson,
-flicks, Searle, Somali, lliggie ; Miss Vincent, Mrs. Leo, and Miss
Burrougheliffe.
Atter which, the new grand scholastic and instructive Pantomime,
entitled THE WORLD OF WONDERS; or, Harlequin Caxton and
the Origin of Printing, with wonderful scenery and decorative ap-
pointments. Clown, Mr. Paul Herring ; Pantaloon, Mr. Morelli ;
Harlequin, M. Lupino ; Sprite, Signor Molino; Columbine, 3ldlle.
Lai 1111.

To conclude with HOUNSLOW HEATH.
Boxes, ►s. ; Pit, 6th ; Gallery, 4d. No llalf-pricy to any part
of the house. _ _ .

Doors open at Six, to commence at llalf-past Six.

ASTLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE,
i roprietur and Manager, Mr. William Batty
Mr. Batty's performing Elephants.
THIS EVENING,

The Grand 4ectacle of CAMP OF SILESIA.
Entire.v new Seems in the Arena, by the talented Artistes of
the L.sfahlishment. in 1.1. c various modes of equestration.
To conbluda with a Grand Equestrian Comic Pantomime entitled,
HARLEQUIN DOCTOR SYNTAX AND HIS DAPPER GREY
_MARE, in which those popular artistes Herr Denlin, Wile. Theo-
dore, Mr. Anderson, and Mr. Bradbury, as Harlequin, Columbine,
Clown, and Pantaloon, which will exceed in splendour and effect
all Wmer productions at the Amphitheatre.
Box-Once open from 11 till 5
Acting and Stage Manager,
Mr. W West.

WEATHER.—SoN OFFICE. JAM. 5
THERMOMETER, Lowest, 35 ; Highest, 44 ; Noon, 42.
• BAROMETER, 29 67.--Virm)S.S.E.; rain.

N Ai
pi, AT LoNIION-Itklli44i, f kith LAI
34,rning.. B minutes after 1. I Evening 29 minutes
ifte, 1

1111
14 Itatte
n'4o"
,LONDON, WEDNESDAY. JANUARY 5, 1848

Nothing could be more powerful as a rejoinder,
m ore bitter as an annotation, or more earnest as a
remonstrance, than the communication addressed to
the Catholic Archbishop of TUAM by the Earl of
Suurwsnutty. The correspOndence is published in
another column, and we aro' satisfied there is not a
single one of the co-religionists of the Earl, be he
a member of the laity or he he a member of the priest-
'hood, but must have his opinion of the distinguished
writer very materially elevated from the generous in-
iiviation expressed by 'him against whomsoever shall
rofe've the majesty of religion by palliating the
vas of the crhnir;al assassin, or by becoming
e apologist of th,e still more criminal, be-
sae more_rm,Tasible, denunciators. Hitherto
re ht`.; oeen manifest, both in the speech of Lord
ii.MONT and in the letter of the Earl of ARUNDEL
SURREY, that reverential submission to their
ciastical superior which is in an especial manner
laracteristic of the Roman Catholic Church.
BEAUMONT spoke strongly and decisively. Lord
')EL and SURREY wrote in the most energetic
,r) impassioned language. Both of these young
.en conjured the episcopal authorities of
1,0 vindicate the outraged purity of the re-
-4 to proclaim the inviolable sanctity of its
by demonstrating either the cul-

pability or the innocence of the parties accused,
and, in the event of their being proven guilty
of the frightful crime imputed to them, to ♦isit upon ,
their heads the severest punishment which can be in-
flicted upon an unworthy minister by the most solemn
tribunals of the hierarchy. At the same time that
this course was recommended with all the forcefulness
of natural eloquence, and with all the fervour of men
inspired to adjuration by the stress of their most
cherished sensibilities, it was indicated with a degree
of respectful timidity, such as must have won the admi-
ration of a prelate possessed of the most ordinary share of
amenity. What influence these entreaties had over
the imagination of Archbishop WHALE, how far
they affected the previous decisions of his judgment,
or induced him to reconsider the merits of the
mournful and extraordinary occurrences which have
rendered so many parts of Roscommon both noto-
rious and despicable, is already known to the com-
munity. The public are as familiar with the
churlish sophistries of Dr. WHALE, as they are
with the fiery apostrophes of Dr. PIIILLPOTTS. Docu-
ments as unsatisfactory have emanated from Tuam
as ever came from the episcopal residence at Exe-
ter. The apologist of Father MDERMOTT and
the assailant of Dr. HaairDEN have alike rendered
themselves liable to the tuisappreht nsion—to say the
least of it—of all rational observers. Whether the
theme is the Bishop Elect of Hereford, or the Parish
Priest of Strokestown, the result is as unsatisfactory,
the lucubration is as reprehensible in temper, and the
statements are as distorted with sophistry.

Aft9r the very explicit letter of the Earl of
SHREWSBURY, there is nothing, however, that need
be remarked in condemnation of the line of argument
adopted by the Catholic Archbishop of TuAm. That
letter is so explicit in point of fact, so direct and un-
mistakeable in point of remonstrance, and so unutter-
ably serious in point of religious allusion, that
it renders every further observation super-
fluous. The solicitude for an investigation is
no longer expressed as an entreaty : it has
expanded into a demand ; and it is well that such
emphatic representations should have been received
by Dr. M'HALE from one of the most eminent and
devoted of the Catholic laymen of England, instead
of from any one of a different faith, whose sincerity
might be dubitable, and whose motives might be
misunderstood. Lord SHREWSBURY appears to have
rendered an ecclesiastical inquiry into the conduct of
Father M'DERMOIT absolutely necessary. There can-
not, to our thinking, be any further postponement of
his trial, much less any positive blinking of his
enormities, of er the manner in which he has been
mentioned by the Noble Correspondent of the Bishop
of ELPHIN. "Not only," says the Earl of SHREWS-
BURY, "not only are we now compelled to believe in the
allegations against Father M'DERMOTT, but by his de-
nial of the 7th instant (December) he adds, the sin of
tergiversation to his other delinquencies. Nor," he
continues, " can any reasonable man be expected to
credit even the most solemn assertions of Father
M'DERMOTT as a Christian minister, after the truly
un- Christian manner in which—and we have it in his
own hand—he behaved to the late Major Maxon."
Surely, if the parish priest of StrokestoNsn do not,
after this, himself demand an ecclesiastical inquiry
into his conduct, with a view to his immediate excul-
pation, his very quiescence under these damning
assertions will be a sufficient evidence of his culpa-
bility ; and if, on the other hand, Dr. M'HALE take
no decisive step towards the punishment of those
among his inferior clergy who have rendered
themselves amenable to the wrath of their
fellow-countrymen, by uttering language unbe-
fitting their profession as ministers of a religion
of charity and worshippers of the GOD of Peace, he
will thereby impart a peculiar colouring to the asser-
tions of the Earl of SHREWSBURY. The next " move"
must come either from St. Jarlath's or from Strokes-
town. For the sake of decency, for the sake of
honesty, for the sake of religion, it ought to be the
adoption of a manly course, and not the continuance
of a contemptible system of prevarication.

A great deal of unmerited vituperation has been
poured forth on the devoted head of MR. SEYMOUR
by some of our Contemporaries. The greatest indig-
nation has been expressed, not merely for what he
has done, but for attempting to defend himself from
the erroneous imputations that had gained publicity,
and also for having stated his views and opinions with
respect to whiit might have been his duty as a
barrister, had the statements as to his conduct been
really well founded. It might have been sufficient
for Mr. SEYMOUR, in his letter, to have shown that
in his case the vexota quastio as to the extent of a
barister's privileges did net arise ; that at the time
of the trial he not only was not satisfied as to the
innocence of M'Cane, but that he had every reason
to believe that he was a particeps crirninis,
and guilty of having aided and abetted REID in the
perpetration of the fearful crime ; but we cannot cen-
sure him for having spoken (although unnecessarily)
in defence of the privileges of his profession when
they were assailed in his own person, for having fol-
lowed the example of one who, when at the bar, was
regarded as one of its most distinguished members ;
who subsequently attained the most exalted station
to which a subject could aspire, the highest aim and
object of professional ambition ; who has introduced
the most valuable improvements in the law, and as-
sumed the foremost position amongst legal reformers.
It is scarcely necessary to say that we allude to Lord
BROUGHAM, who stated to the effect (we have not his
exact words before us, and can, therefore, only give
their purport) " that if the destruction of the world
followed from a barrister's defence of his client, he
should disregard the consequences—that he might
even utter high treason in such a cause."
The published letter of \lr. SEYMOUR should alone
have been received as sufficient evidence of the truth
of the assertions therein contained. He stated that
" REID'S replies tended very much to inculpate him-
self, but did not at all exculpate M'CABE ;" and he
further added, "that they were so contradictory in
themselves, and so strongly opposed to the evidence
for the prosecution, that I did not believe them, and
in no single point did I vary the line of defence I had
already resolved to follow." That this belief in
M'CABE's guilt was fully warranted, we proved on
Saturday last, not merely from Mr. Seirmoures
letter, but by deductions drawn from a strict exami•
nation and an attentive consideration of the evidence
which had been adduced on both trials, and yet the
attacks on that gentleman have been repeated with in-
creased virulence. One of our Contemporaries has even
gone the length of saying, " that he would have richly
deserved to swing from the same gallows." This to
a member of a liberal profession, for doing what he
believed to be his duty, whether he was right or
wrong in his judgment! I ! While another more
moderate, " would have preferred to have attributed
his conduct—(what conduct? that of which he was
not guilty)—to an error of judgment, which it would
have been generous to have overlooked in reliance upon
those best teachers, age and experience, but for two
circumstances. First, the singular coincidence that
Mr. SEYMOUR, like Mr. C. PHILLIPS, whose example
he has followed, is an Irishman; and, secondly, that
he has not confessed the error—(what should he have
confessed?)—but deliberately j ustifies the proceeding;"
adding, " It is important to the English bar that it
should be asserted that the principles enunciated by
Mr. SeTmourt are, as it would appear, importations from
the other side of the Channel, and are not born and
bred and domiciled on our own soil." That Mr.
SEYMOUR is an Irishman is certainly a ground of
accusation that (although as old as the days of Swrrr)
we were hardly prepared to see resorted to and
gravely put forward at the present day. It is either '
levelled at the Irish bar or the Irish nation. It is
eminent English
authority,
scarcely necessary that we should enter into
theit.
.
lArinsh bar, from
tahe censure
ecatthitoins
castofu
upon
who has filled the highest judicial station
in that country (Sir EDWARD SUGDEN), has recorded
his deliberate opinions of the character and attain-
ments of the Irish bar, when he stated that they
might challenge a comparison with any bar or any
body of persons in the world. Neither need we
recal the long list of illustrious Irishmen who have
rendered the most valuable services, and performed
the most brilliant achievements. The name of the
Duke of WELLINGTON has not as yet been so far for-
gotten that an Irishman should blush for his country,
or be considered as of an inferior race. If the principles
enunciated by Mr. SEYMOUR are really importations
from the other side of the Channel, and not born,
bred, or domiciled on the English soil,, it is not A

little surprising that no members of the English bar
should have come forward, as such, to repudiate the
erroneous doctrines, and to free their profession from
the stigma cast upon it. If many of the body felt
that Mr. SEYMOUR had stated that which was cal-
culated to bring his profession into disrepute, many
indignant disclaimers would have long since appeared.
The Bench and Bar would have vied with each
other in declaring his error, and we are justified
in presuming from that silence that no such
, feelings exist. The Bar have considered the subject
, deeply; and they are well aware how very dan-
gerous it would be to depart in the slightest degree
from the broad principle " that the paramount duty
of a counsel is to defend his client by the best means
in his power from the evidence adduced at the trial,"
and that if once the belief, or even the certainty, of
his guilt is suffered to make any, the slightest
alteration in the nature of the defence to be offered,
it would be impossible to calculate the amount of
mischief that might ensue. This principle is wholly
founded on considerations of public policy. The
moment a line of demarcation is drawn, that it is
said " thus far shalt thou go, and no farther," the en-
tire of the relations between counsel and client will
be disturbed. Whatever is uttered by the former
will carry with it greater weight, and inflict a more
serious injury on the person whom he may deem it
his duty to censure. There would be a total cessa-
tion of the confidence between the parties that is so
desirable. It would be the interest of the client to
deceive his advocate, to blindfold him as to the real
facts. If he were to act merely on belief, without hav-
ing the certainty which a candid confession might give,
the first privilege of a freeborn citizen that he should
be deemed innocent until proved guilty, would be
taken away. His advocate, the very man whom he
selected to defend him, would be the man to seal
his condemnation in consequence of supposing him
to be guilty. There are two rules, therefore,
which we believe are fully recognised amongst
barristers. First, that a practising barrister is not
at liberty to withhold his professional assist-
ance from any person requiring it who complies
with the established regulations of the profession,
and, secondly, that, having given his services, he
must not permit any consideration whatever, public
or private, prevent him from doing all in his power for
his client's benefit, or to procure his acquittal,
if charged with a criminal offence. Many would
doubtless desire to escape the weighty responsibility
that would be cast upon them when the life of a
fellow-creature is at stake, and for which, and for
the deep anxiety under which they must suffer, the
fee is but a very inadequate remuneration ; but they
cannot do so. They must take every case that offers—
the bad with the good —and that necessity being
recognised, the other will follow as a matter of
course ; they must act for their client to the best
of their abilities.

We may perhaps on a future occasion point out
some of the consequences that would result from the
introduction of any other principle.

A letter from Berne of the 31st ult. says—" In
place of a new collective note, which the Conservative
journals have been of late threatening us with, a very
unexpected communication has arrived from the
Vatican. The Holy Father, who only replied in
general terms to the demand made by the Catholics of
the Grisons, for the recal of the Jesuits, appears to
have taken fire when the victory of the Federal troops
showed the impossibility of tolerating any longer that
mischief-making order, on a territory where its trans-
plantation has caused torrents of blood to flow. Plus IX.
has, in consequence, addressed to the Diet a note which
will not be rendered public until that body shall
meet again, but of which, it is said, the following is the
substance :—‘ The Pontifical Court complains of the
sacrilegious acts, which it pretends were committed
in the Federal expedition, and of the dismissal of
several religious orders, the existence of which in
Switzerland was, it says, guaranteed by the com-
pact.' From the steps thus taken by the POPE it
may be inferred that the Court of Rome has re-
ceived its information from exceedingly suspicious
sources. The same sentiments which, in the regions
of the Vatican, has caused the demonstrations before
the residence of the Swiss Consul by the Roman
population to be disapproved of, has certainlilieen
the mainspring of the representations which have just
been addressed to the Diet."

The people of Rome are expecting daily the mote
proprio concerning the new organization of the
Council of Ministers, and already the principal pro-
visions of this new organic law have transpired. It
appears to be certain that, with the exception of the
Secretaryships of State for ecclesiastical and foreign
affairs, all the Ministerial departments will in future
be accessible to laymen as well as to the members
of the clergy. A proposal for a loan has been sub-
mitted to the finance section of the Council of State.
M. CORBOLI Bussr, the Holy Father's Plenipotentiary
in all the affairs of the Italian Customs Union, has
been commissioned by his HOLINESS to proceed to
Naples, and negotiate for the accession of the king-
dom of the Two Sicilies to that league.
The Alba of Florence mentions a report that the
Duke of PARMA has expressed an intention to grant
every reform which wonld be for the welfare of his
subjects.

We read in the Patria of Florence, of the 28th
ult. :

" The arrival of Austrian troops at Parma cannot
inspire the least uneasiness, and we are happy to an-
nounce this to our readers. The Tuscan Govern-
ment has received official information that a detach-
ment of llungarian cavalry has gone to Parma, solely
for the purrse of escorting the body of the Arch-
duchess Maria Louisa to Vienna. The Imperial
troops, which have entered the Duchy of Modena,
did so at the request of the Duke himself, in conse-
quence of some disturbances at Modena and Reggio.
The Tuscan Government knows also that the Go-
vernment of Austria has declared anew that it will
never intervene in a military way in any state of
Italy, unless its aid be required by the legitimate
sovereign."

Madrid journals of the 30th ult have arrived.

The Gaveta publishes an ordinance extending the
Act of Amnesty to all such as had been condemned
under military jurisdiction, and who were held worthy
of this act of grace. The Budget of 1848 had been
settled at 1,283,631,396 reals. The Royal Commis-
sioner of the Bank, Senor HOMPANERA, had accord-
ing to the Clamor Publico, resigned, because he had
failed in an effort to limit the expenses of the esta-
blibhment to 1,300,000 reals.

The Eco del Comercio says that a credit of 40,000
dollars had been opened to General Ros DE OLANO,
the new Captain-General of the Spanish possessions
in Africa. General RONCALI, Count de Alcoy, had
left Madrid for Cuba. General CORDOVA having been
nominated director of infantry, in the place of
General FIGUERAS, had taken possession of his post.
Senor ISTURITZ had arrived in Madrid, and had
tendered to the QUEEN his resignation of the office of
Ambassador to London, but his resignation had not
been accepted.

MADRID BOLSA, Dec. 30.—The Three per Cents.
281 c. ; Fire per Cents., 151, paper; Coupon; 104,
cash. Exchange on London, 48f. 30c.

We have received the Paris papers of yesterday.

They all of them comment on the surrender of
Aun-EL-liAnEa, and some of them have actually the
unprincipled hardihood to recommend that faith
should not be kept with him—that the terms upon
which he surrendered should be ♦iolated—that the
solemn word of the son of the French KING, of the
, Due D'AumALr, Governor-General of Algeria,
pledged to ADD-EL-FADER, should be broken. In
his dispatch to the Due D'AUMALE, General
LAMORICIERE says —" I have been obliged
to enter into engagements. I have en-
tered into them, and I have a firm hope
that your Royal Highness and the Government will
ratify them if the Emig trusts himself to my pro-
mises." In the same dispatch General LAMORICIERE
says, " It will be sufficient for me to state that I have
only promised and stipulated that the EMIR and his
family shall be all transported to Alexandria or to
St. Jean d'Acre. These are the only two places
which I have named. They were those which he
mentioned in the proposals, which I accepted." The
Due D'ADMALE, in his dispatch, says, " The EMIR
demands to be conducted to Alexandria or to St.
Jean d'Acre." The convention, which was im-
mediately agreed to verbally, was soon after
ratified in writing by General LAMORICIERE
and towards the conclusion °lbis dispatch he says,--

" An hour afterwards ADD-EL-KADER was

iroug

to me at Nemours, where I had only arrived that
morning. I ratified the promise given by General DE
LAMORICIERE, and 1 have the firm hope that the Go-
vernment of the KING will give its sanction to it."
And yet, notwithstanding all these solemn promises,
it is now seriously proposed to break faith with the
captive EMIR.
In the discussion on the Address in the Bureaux of
the Chamber of Deputies, on Monday, M. LEON
FAUCHER asked M. GUIZOT if the Government pro-
posed to abide by the terms of the capitulation
published in the Illoniteur as having been entered
into between AnD-EL-FADER and General DE LAM°.
RICIERE, and ratified by the Duc D'AUMALE ? and M.
GUIZOT answered in these words :—" The insertion in
the 41Ioniteur of the dispatch of his Royal Highness
the Duc D'AUMALE does not implyany approbation of
the arrangement concluded with ABD-EL-KADER.
What would the Honourable Deputy have said if we
had garbled the dispatch before publishing it ? He
would no doubt have complained that the documents
had been incompletely published. We were desirous
of laying before the public textually the dispatches
relating to this great event. As to the question itself,
I reserve my opinion. The Government has not yet
decided what course it shall adopt."

If anything were wanting to prove the utter ab-
sence of every honourable principle from the mind of
M. GulzoT, this reply would furnish ample proof of
the dishonesty of the man's nature. How could any
honourable man feel it possible to hesitate in such a
case ? how could any honest Government deliberate
fora moment as to what course to adopt? The
word of a Prince of the Blood Royal of France
has been pledged to AUD•EL•KADER, and if that
word is not kept, the only course open to the
Duc D'AumaLE, as a man of honour, is bound to resign
not only his Governor-Generalship of Algiers,
but his commission as Lieutenant-General and all his
other public employments, and refuse resolutely to
serve under any Government of which M. GUIZOT is
a Member. M. GUJSOT has already grossly insulted
his Royal Highness by his speech of Monday.
The Government has presented three Bills to the
Chambers,-Ist, the budget of receipts and expendi-
tures for 1849 ; 2d, a project of law, proposing a re-
duction in the tax on salt from the Ist January,
1850 ; 3d, another reducing the postage of letters to
two, three, four and five decimes, according to the
distances, also on the Ist of January, 1850 ; 4th, a
fourth relative to the supplementary and extraordi-
nary credits for 1847 and 1848 ; and, finally, a fifth,
annulling, on the grand book of the public debt, a
sum of 15,000,000 f. in Four per Cent Stock, in con-
sequence of the consolidation of a similar sum belong-
ing to the Sinking Fund.
The Constilutionnel gives the following analysis of
the Budget :
" Notwithstanding what has been asserted by the
Minister of Finance in his Budget, it is an incon-
testable fact, that since 1845, notwithstanding we are
in a state of peace, the deficits have increased in an
incomprehensible manner. The Minister of Finance
announces in a triumphant manner that the deficit of
1846, which had been estimated at fifty-eight millions,
will not exceed forty-five millions, but this diminu-
tion is nothing more than an aggravation of those of
1847 and 1848. If M. Duman, by using his in-
genious calculation, has found a means to reduce the
deficit of 1846, he has not tl.;• same result to offer for
that of 1847. We are but just entering on 1848, and
we see the deficit increasing. The Minister holds
out a hope of improvement, but it is impossible to
take such assertion in a serious light in the face of
figures which prove the contrary. How is it possible
to believe in a promise of equilibrium in 1849, with
an excess of a million, when we see former Budgets
which have been presented with excesses of three,
four, and six, millions, end by deficits of 45, 148, and
48 millions.

The scene in the Bureaux of the Chamber of De-
puties, preparatory to the nomination of the Commit-
tee to draw up the Address, was very animated. In
addition to the subject of AUD-EL-KADER, M. GUIZOT
was questioned as to Swiss affairs. He admitted the
right of the cantons to alter the federal pact, thus
virtually renouncing intervention, but avowed his belief
in the justice of the cause of the Sonderbund, and gave
that as a reason for aiding the Sonderbund cantons by
forwarding them arms. He was also obliged to apologise
for the manner in which the reform banquets had been
alluded to in the royal Speech. M. DE GIVxE having
drawn his attention to the phrase passions ennenties,
which he had put into the mouth of LOUIS PHILIPPE,
and which bore a marvellous re semblance to the
passions coupables which the Prince DE POLIGNAC
had put into the mouth of CH ARLES X., M. GUIZOT
explained that he had never intended to apply that
phrase to any Member of the Chamber, and it was
only levelled at the enemies of the constitutional
monarchy.

The following Members, all of whom are Minis-
terialists, were appointed a Committee to draw up the
Address:—Messrs. DE BUSSIERES, MURET DE BORD,
PLOUGOULM, VITET, COUSTROU, SAGLIO; D'ANGE.
VILLE, DE HAUSSONVILLE, and DE HAUIIERSAERT.
The opposition to the Address in the Chamber will
Ise led by M. TRIERS.
The Committee on the Address in the Chamber of
Peers has appointed the Baron DE BARANT➢ as its
reporter.

On the subject of the Bills for regulating the salt
duties and the postage, the ConstitutionNel says—
" We shall have more than one occasion to give our
opinion on the Bills relating to the salt duties and
postage. The monopoly of salt is to be re-established,
and a whole class of traders are to be suppressed, in
order to have a new series of functionaries substituted
for them. In the Postage Bill the'system of zones is
still preferred to a uniform charge. The Conserva-
tives themselves appeared dissatisfied with this double
mystification, against which the Deputies who have
attached their names to the propositions aiming at the
reduction of these two charges in particular raise
their voices."

The Commerce, alluding to the proposed change in
the postage system, says--

" We shall just say one word relative to the plan
of postal reform proposed by the Minister of Finance.
A postage based on distance is arbitrary and uncon-
stitutional. A reform ought to have two objects—to
lighten the charges of those who at present avail
themselves of the medium of the Post-office, and
cause a greater number of citizens, by the reduction
of the postage, to enjoy the benefit of written com-
munications, and at the same time to augment the
circulation in such a way, as, by the development of
the receipts, to fully make up for the deficit in the
Treasury. The Bill, no doubt, attains the first ob.
ject ; a single letter to Marseilles, for instance, will
pay fifty centimes in place of a franc; but the second
object is not fulfilled, and we are convinced that the
reduction is not large enough to produce the admi-
rabla results obtained in England by the uniform tax.
A letter received from a distance of 200 leagues will
be still an object of expense to the poor man—an
object above his means, and the deficit which the
Treasury will experience in its receipts by the dimi•
nution of the charge will not, we fear, be sufficiently
made up by the amount of the new circulation, too
feebly excited. Such is our first impression."
The Union 211onarchigue says " We learn that a
challenge was yesterday addressed by M. DE MORNY,
Deputy, to M. DE GIRARDIN, on account of an article
published by the Presse, in which an article by
M. DE MoRNT, inserted in the last number of the
Revue des Deux-ilfondes, was discussed with some
vivacity. The seconds of M. DE MoaNY are, it is
said, Marshal BUGEAUD and the Marquis DE L AVE..
LETTE. On his side, M. DE GIRARDIN has chosen
the Duke DE REGGIO and M. DE MALLEVILLB. It
was hoped that these four witnesses, who belong to
the Chamber, would find means in the course of the
evening to arrange this affair."
We read in the Presse—" It has been announced
in the diplomatic world that the Marquis DE DAL-
!KATIE was about to be removed from the embassy of
Berlin to that of St. Petersburgh, and that M. DE
KISSELEFF, the Russian Charge d'Affaires at Paris,
was to be invested with the character of Minister
Plenipotentiary at the Court of France. But it
seems that this project has failed, from incidents to
which the influences of a certain saloon in the Rue
St. Florentin were not strangers."
Count COLLOREDO and General RADOWITZ have
had a conference with the Minister of Foreign Affairs
on the affairs of Switzerland.

PARIS BOURSE, JAN. 4. The market has been
calm to-day, the quotations at the close being within
a shade of those of yesterday, Threes leaving off at
75f. 30c.; Fives, at 117 f. 40c.; and New Loan at
761. 15c. for the end of the month. The market
closed as follows :—Three per Cents. for cash, 75f.
20c., for account, 751. 30c. ; Five per Cents. for cash,
1171., for account, 117 f. 40c.; Bank of France shares,
3,225 ; Neapolitan, 102 ; Spanish, not quoted.
4AILWAT6.—The Share Afarket has been somewhat

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