The Sun.
London, England, 1846-05-04 00:00:00

SECOND EDITION.

principles inculcated by the advacatts or unrestricted com-
merce. This fact has been proved beyond the cavil of the
most sceptical, by the frequency and earnestness of the con-
versions to those principles. Noblemen, and farmers)
and legislators, no matter how much they might
have identified themselves with the opposite policy,
htive seized the first reasonable opportunity of
-acknowledging the change which the consideration of
truth has worked in their own minds. And this has
occurred not once, but incessantly, not only irrespective of
all base inducements-to such a transformation, but in. actual
opposition to self-interest. Now of .the Protectionists.
At the commencement of the discussions
of taxes upon foreign corn and mouthpiecesprovisions,hthueP°l
trepidation by
of monopoly endeavoured to fill us
wito
would be sumincor:4.4
-threats of the antagonistic forces which
w*
heir voices, for
from all quarters, at the sound Dir. R
OBERT and his
the express purpose of ith demonstrations
supporters. We were threate
of protection to agri-
culture a prodigious scale is favour
by hosts of day labourers
culture ; petitions, signed
and tenant-farmers, were to choke up
the entrance, and
•
crowd the lobbies of Parliament ; distant but giant remon-
strances were to issuefrom our colonial possessions; the Legis-
lante was to be stunned with the din raised by British sub-
jects in indignation at the proposed policy. Four months
• have elapsed since the utterance of these big-mouthed
warnings =- four • months ! and how have they
been fulfilled ? Ex nihilo nihil fit, saith the adage : here IS.
an exemplar ! 2cto demonstration in favour of agricultural
protection worth one moment's pause to a statesman ; no
petitions in earnest of the popularity of the same cause ; no
single hint of dissatisfaction from our colonies. That Is the
relative position of free trade and monopoly. The Bill
approaches its final ' stage in the tower House, and it
does so under auspices the most propitious. The majority
on the second reading was,if anything,
.4. more triumphant than
on the first; hence we I
With sanguine eyes to the divi-
vision upon q."-hircl and last. 'That it must prove in every
esseritlal particular most decisive, man can no more doubt
than he can question his existence. Even the unfortunate
enemies of the measure must long since have perceived, not
only that their doom is sealed but that they have rendered
themielves the laughing-stocks of Christendom, the scape-
goats of their own folly, the general butts of mankind. My.
Ldrd GROECOr Burnt/ma, however lofty his egotism,
must recognise this " must • all of his
followers, minnows and:
preys. His. Lordship's speec
just as a Hunterian lecture- by WIDDICOMBE would have
been listened to by the associated men of science—viz., as a
cdrions eccentricity, worth hearing, if only for the sake of
enjoying -a, hearty cacchination. Further than this,,
ad the obsequious -cheers of the disinterested poli-
ticians ranged behind his Lordship, the attention of
the House did not go. He and his forlorn pa ty were in a
pteposterous and untenable position. With the remainder
of the Commons affajrs.have stood very differently through-
oat, but especially at. the present juncture, when the
Prime Minister, enforces, the cause he had previously
avowed in words more explicit than 'ever, declaring
what he .previously believed to be impolitic he now
believes to be unjust. A more overwhelming and concordant
support Bill never had—in its vitality is its triumph. " Re.
member, soldiers, yet' are but the advance-guard of a great
nation !" said 'NAPOLEON to .his' army on the outset of the
Austerlitz campaign. So say we to our liberal-minded and
Aiberal-Hearted legislators :—" Remember, f ee traders, you
are but the-advance-guard of a great. nation!"

, -To say that there is no constitutional goiernment in Spain
-is a mere truism, admitted by every observer. The Spaniards,
'to'their sost,'find another truth of still more vital importance,
and. one which is equally Obyions to that unfortunate
people—there is no government whatever. , They have been
deserted by every Cabinet;. the Cortes, under a despotic
ruler, had been so chaeged in the constitution. of the body,
and so humbled, that for any national good they were
helpless, and available only for - registering the decrees
of the Camarilla and the proclamations of a military Die-
tatOr. Even all these external forms of government have been
swept away, the new Ministry is justly regarded as a non-
entity, and the_people, to escape from the baseit slavery—
the galling ,chains of a foreign yoke—are thrown entirely
upon their own resources. But a week ago we ventured to
Predict—rather a hazardous experiment in regard to such as i
country--ethat, their 'patience being utterly exhausted by
such
.endless and ruinous revolutions at Madrid, they . would
Abe compelled to rise in their own, defence, and would take for
their watchword, " The QUEEN and . the Constitution !"
i" Dew-n with CHRISTINA!" "'Down with TRAPANI !" In
!.a proclamation just issued to the army by the " Directing Junta
of the National Movement" in Galicia, we were therefore not
surprised that. the words to the same effect had been actually ,
:adoptedhy that body, and that the main causes of grievance
at the present moment are, the detestable intrigues of this
;wicked woman
,for overthrowing the libeity of the country,
and making it, as in bygone dais; subject to Naples and
France. "On other points of the territory," says the
Junta, " thewar-cry haS also been raised against that avari-
cious,
hypocritical, and intriguing Neapolitan, who takes ad-
vantage of her position to deceive and enslave the QUEEN.
Aided by a handful of traitors, she exhausts all her schemes
to seat on the throne of Spain a Neapolitan Prince
full of superstitions and servile ideas, to dreg us at
the tail of Rome, beneath the feet of, the French Govern-
ment." The Junta, at the conclusion of the proclamation,
, furnishes the watchwords, "Down with the Neapolitans!"
" Down with the traitors !" " Long live liberty and the
country I" This movement in Galicia is evidently of a very
serious character, even judging from the distorted statements
,in the Madrid Gazette. A naval force (and what naval
force hde Spain ?) is ordered to operate on the coast of Galicia
as if the soldiers in -the interior could not be depended upon ;
and die GOVernment of LOUIR PHILIPPE has also taken the
alarm, and, appointed a protecting naval force for that quarter.
But they will have more coasts than this to guard. The
Spanish nation can no longer submit to the ruinous schemes
of foreigners and traitors, and,,sick as they must be of civil
war, and disheartened, too, in the prospect of anything like a
regeneration of the classes that rule them, they are forced by
dire necessity to resist' a system the moat insufferable of all
with which they have yet been 'afflieted. The accounts in
the Madrid Gazette received this punning state that none of
„.....
the peasantry have joined the insurrection. But that really
says nothing. The movement was begun by the middle,
classes, aided 14 the-military—parties sufficiently powerful!
in these days to create a revolution in Spain. The army, too; is
.
a machine just suited to thieccasion. It is open to the highest
bidder, totally disorganised, destitute of. any distinguished"
leader, and in a. very short period, if affairs thus continue,i
will be without pay. The conduct of the intriguing traitors'
at. Madrid has eielted such', abhorrence and despair in the
prervieces;.that the public-.functionaries or juntas that may
be formed-will stop the revenue returns, and retain. all, for
their own loeiif purposes; Never ' was atsy country morci
thi.o'ffghly ripe for a great movement. And what has beeq
the cause of 'this' total. derangement of a Government that
but four years ago- appealed to be established on fair, coal
stitutional princeples?Queen CHRISTINA, the protegiee of
the, French Court. We blamed at the time 'the
part / octed,
..by :_Loss PHILIPPE, after CHRISTINA
was expelled from Spain by a -well-arranged and
patriotic plan of ESPARTERO. He saw the
despotic and unprincipled disposition of the woman could
not be eradicated—he saw that if she were allowed to return
to Xadrid to renew her intrigues, there must be a struggle
between them for the mastery, as has since been exemplified
in the ruin of NARVAEZ, and he resolved to cut the matter
short, by compelling her to -embark at Barcelona. She had
no alternative, and was hurrying fast to Naples, to paso
the rest of her days, as she said, in retirement, when
she was stopped near Marseilles, by a messenger
from the Court of the Tuileries. She was induced
to take up her residence in the French capital,
her hotel beeame the centre of intrigue for all discontented
Spaniards, and all the enemies of ESPARTERO. She was
evidently a favourite with the French Court, and used as a
means for an end. What that end was it is difficult to say,
but one thing is clear, that this woman has occupied herself.
SOrCahsivalgta thatheeof marriage
the
havearroitageer of her eldest
daughter,vi with
h i nottnhge
Qii
x dabueehnterqmuiiegthlyt-
arranged, perhaps, the marriage
have followed as a matter of course, and daughter
near
relative of Louis PHILIPPE'S might have been selected its
the favourite. We fear that only some strong personal
ing of this description could have made a Suvereusofereel--
markable for his prudence choose a woman of veryglow cha-
racter, and thoroughly disliked by the great majority of
• Spaniards, as a tool for carrying his family sehemes into
effect. Has he gained his object, or has he any chance of it?
. CHRISTINA'S character is so tainted, she is regarded by all
good patriots as a foreigner, and the agent of foreigners,
and any marriage that she could propose for
'-' either of her-daughters would be regarded with the strongest
• aue-Picion, and considered as a return for acme enormous
bribe to betray,her adopted country. Lord AisEnnEEN ap-
pears to,have acted a prudent part in reference to all these
disreputable transactions. As far as we -can judge, Mr.
BLTLWEE has sided with neither party; he has-not disgraced
the character of a British Minister by mixing himself up
with the vile intrigues of the QUEEN-MOTHER and her
Camarilla. He- is neither for Count TRAPANI nor Don
HE. QUA but leaves these affairs to the Spaniards, and
thereby maintains the true dignity of the British Embassy,

etttnim
O
Oint
1.0141)0N, MONDAY. M.l Y 4, 1846.

-szs- -
Happily for all Parties—happily for England,• Scotland,
and Ireland for age.
iculturist and manufacturer, the mi-
serable period of mi%-
pired. To-night thoPZereaand procrastination has almost ex-
the will be resumed. Considering
the length of time which has elapsed since its first introduc-
tion by the Premier, now
of four months ago, '
namely, upon the 27th of JanPuwaparr;od-,lseth: relative position of
gentlemen is
the free-traders and of 'tbe
,o;rreththoroughly
more startling, if possible, in contrasnit,oirldnnistmt
satisfactory than at any previous
During the large gaps of time, and of comparat'etiniseietnre
which hay; interrupted the discussion upon this an.
question, how have these two divisions of ParlianasiZtaaut at i
their sympathisers oat-of-doors acted? First, of the Free
traders. Why, every successive circumstance that has
transpired in relay: ion to the abolition of import and ex
port duties, whether within the echoes *of St. Stephen's, or
in some distant corner of some distant shire, has tended only
to elucidate the sounclaila and ;baantiful• adaptability et the

Every free-trader will be glad to learn that Lord Lamour
has been at last 'rewarded kr his spirited and honourable
perseverance in a good cause, and been returned as Member
fur the Falkirk Burghs. His conduct on this occasion, as in
all the transactions which took place during the contest for
Nottinghamshire; has been straightforward and manly.
However anxious for a seat in Parliament, and though he
knew it was absohitely necessary to enable him to fill his
present important office, he would not give a pledge which
he considered inconsistent with constitutional principles, but
resolved rather to take his chance, trdsting to his own merits
and the good sense of the ScottiSh " electors. The result is
highly honourable to both parties, and more especially to the
Liberals, whO form the majority of the constituency. Many
of them, it is admitted, held back, in order that Lord LINCOLN
.c., might.iaat bereturned, not because they bad deserted their prin-
ciples,
or concurred in all those entertained by,bis Lordship,
but becauseguids
their
Itteheisyjnoknmew that a great boon for the country
stake, because they wished to encourage a Minister
engaged in a noble and a 7 sacred duty, aticl. Were" convinced, :
present that on the p
occasion measures,
is
serhe ures,artd not men, ought to
Pra, .A15,,1 way of carrying ,

THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY Evil

on business, and only furnishes another proof of the 'catition
and prudence which distinguish Our bralireii c the iiottii:

We publish in our columns to-day a correspdndence be-
tween Mr. HUME and a committee of the Bible Socletk.
The substance of the eorresponttenet is, that fir. HUME,
who is about to renew his labours for abolishing the COEENS
printer's monopoly in printing Bibles, clainis the support of
the Bible Society in his exertions, and this committee; re-
presenting the often-expressed feeling ot the parent society,
refuses to help in the work.

Most of our readers petaps know, but it will do no harm
the Qt.tames printer claims the sole right (the
to repeat, that by "in tue of a royal patent) of very question-
able legality,
two Univer:!ities only excepted) of supplying Bibles in Eng-
l.aid, and that• without limitation as tb price. For fifteen
years Mr. HUME and some other parties have been labour.
ing, in Parliamentary Committees and by public agitation, to
accomplish, the removal of se enormous an abuse. Indi-
rectly, by preventing the renewal of a similar patent in Scot-
land, by throwing the trade open in that country, and thus
causing an abundant importation cf Bibles into England,
which the QUEEN'S printer has not ventured to check, the
price of Bibles has been reduced in some cases 30, in some
50, and in some even 60 per cent.
Of course the Bible Society, the grand instrument for dif-
fusing the Word of GOD to the heathen, the poor, and the
Ignorant--the almoner of good men's money—has afforded
prime aid in carrying on this great work, by which its means
of accomplishing its own purpose have been more than
doubled t doubtless this Society has at least urged on the
public mind the vast benefit of sending two thousand Bibles
where they had previously the nyans for only one—they
must have acted on the principle of honesty in seeking to
make the funds devoted to so holy an object available to the
utmost extent.

So‘ plain men would reason, and so, we are almost con-
strained to say, upright men would judge. But of all this
the reverse is true, and in the Bible Society, its public com-
mittees, its private machinery, and its circulating agencies,
have been found the most influential props of . the Bible
monopoly, and the hardest working opponents to every plan
for its abolition.

We do not waste time in considering the plea alleged by
the committee in their present letters, especially as Mr.
HustE's reply disposes of the whole, but we are driven back
upon another consideration—we are constrained to think of
the channels into which many of these long-established bene-
volent institutions are running. It has long been forced upon
our conviction by the annual proceedings which are just now
commencing in town, that their legitimate objects are
grievously lost sight of—that they are getting to be erected
into huge business corporations—that there is a continual
approximation to a maximum of money -and a ininimffin of
result—that, instead of a great good sought to be accom-
plished by means of large co-operation, the objects are re-
versed, and we have the name of a good thing. retained as a
means to a gigantic subscription list.
' We think the Christian public, and the world of benevo-
lence in our country, would do well to' ponder this thought,
which has to our own minds been forcibly presented by this
latest production of the bible Society.

, The Lucerne Gazette reports that on Sunday week General
..,ONNEXBERG was fired at as he was returning from Ettis-
well, where he had been attending mass, to his chateau of
Kastalen. The person who fired, the shot was Concealed
from his view; but it is said that immediately afterwards be
saw two young men:tan oil; and "take refug•tri a neighbour •
4ig forest, and who are naturally suspected. to be the guilty
Parties. The police of Lucerne have 'offered a reward of
00f. to any one giving only a slight indication of, the of-
fender, and 600 f. far more positive information:

The Augsburgh Gazette states that, during the late insur-
rection in Poland several Polish families took refuge in
Russia, where they were kindly received, and furnished with
tbe means of subsistence until the restoration of tranquillity
shonld enable them to return to their homes.

It would appear from the statements in the German papers,
that theltranquillity ofstrian Galicia has been completely
'restored. On the EMPEROR'S birthday an Imperial decree
was issued, abolishing the oppressive feudal claims, such as
forced labour, &c., which had hitherto grievously pressed on
the peasants'; by whom these concessions had been most
.gratefully received. . •

The Levant mail brings advices from Alexandria of the
20th, Greece of the 12th, Constantinople of the 18th, and
Malta of the 24th, ult. RIZA DACHA, who, since his dis-
missal from the Ministry, had been confined to his own house
by order of tha SULTAN, has been completely restored
liberty. Constantinople was quite tranquil, and Syria seemed
to be completely. pacified. There is no-news 6f importance
from Egypt or Greece.

Madrid paper sof the• 2Gth have been received. General
°UBE, who had been appointed Commandant of the pro-
vince of Teruel, had refused to go to his post, and had been
in consequence ordered by the Minister of War to leave Madrid
in twenty four hours and Procee.i to the( anary Islands, there to
await the orders of the Government. A loan of 200,000M0
reals for the construction of railways has been contracted
by the Government under very favourable conditions. M.
RIVAS has been declared the contractor for the loan; there
were eight other capitalists who delivered tenders. Among
them Seeor SALAMANCA.

• By the Southampton packet we are in possession of later
intelligence from Galicia than is to be found in these jour-
nals. The packet left Corunna on the 24th, and brings the
following intelligence :
" General Conant, in a report to the Captain-General of Galicia,
writes from Santiago, dated the 23d, that after a desperate cembat
at Caeheira, and after his having entered the town of St. Yago, not-
withstanding the vigorous defence of the rebels, commanded by Solis,
they had been forced to surrender at discretion. The number of
prisoners amounts to 1,400, composed of the battalions of Zamora,
Gijon, and Segovia, 70 men of the civic guard, different detachments
of the regiments of Gijon and Oviedo, and 23 men of the cavalry
regiment of Villaviciosa. The number of officers made prisoners is
34, including their Commander, Solis. The troops of the Queen dis-
played great bravery, particularly in the taking of the town, which
was attended with a loss of 100 killed and wounded. This morning
the prisoners were sent forward to Corunna under the escort of four
companies of the regiment of Mondenodo and a squadron of cavalry."
Since then intelligence has been received announcing that
CorrcnA entered Lugo on the 26th, and took 300 prisoners.
The Madrid Boise was closed on the 25th.

We have received the Paris papers of Friday and Satur-I
day. The fete of King LOUIS PHILIPPE, was celebrated on'
Friday with more than usual splendour and more than
usual enthusiasm. The weather was superb. Louis
PHILIPPE wherever he appeared was received with
enthusiastic shouts of Vice le Roi. He appeared
in excellent health and spirits. A grand recep-
tion took place at the Tuileries in the morning,
at which hutAufm PACHA was present. The KING with
his own hand invested the Egyptian Prince with the Grand
Order of the Legion of Honour, who expressed his gratitude
in truly Oriental terms.
The report of the Committee on the budget of ex-
penditure was distributed to the Deputies on Thursday.
The report itself extends to five hundred pages. From
resume of it, which is given by the Journal des Debuts, it
appears, that there exists a deficiem y of nearly one thousand
millions of francs (equal to 40,000,0001.), and which will re-
-011%1eleven reais.Of nninterriipted peace to cover it. The
Committee only propose certain small reductions in the salaries
of public functionaries, amounting in the whole to not more
than • 422,417 francs. The report concludes by declaring,
With regard to Algeria, that the Committee considers it
desirable, in every point of view, that the administration
of the affairs of Algeria Sh. uld be confided to the
direction of a Minister specially appointed for that purpore.
From the examination of the carriage in which the KING
was riding at the time he was shot at by LEcostrE, it ap•
pears that the balls must have passed within the iraction of
an inch of his MAJESTY'S head.

The Epoque states that the story in the Armoricain of
Brest about a traveller in a diligence stating that the KING
had been fired at long before the event took place, originated
with a stupid fellow at Morlaix, who invented the story to
astonish and alarm the good people of that place
The price of bread in Paris for the first fortnight in May
has been fixed at 35 centimes the kilogramme tor the best
quality.
The Gazette de France was stopped on Thursday at the
post, and seized at its own offices. The motive for this pro-
ceeding is not stated.

BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE

LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, MAY 2.

Boulogne and Amiens, 12%-Bordeaux, Toa!ouse, and Cette
(EsPleta), 2 —Central of Spain, I—llutch Rhenish, 7—East In-
dian, —Great .biorthern of France Constituted, 15%—Great In-
dian Peninsular, 14 Italian and Austrian, 2 —Louvain and Je-
mappe, 1%—Lyons and Avignon, 2%—Luxembourg, 2% - Madrid
and Valenti, I %—Namur and Liege, 214—Orleans and Vierson, 17—
Orleans and Bordeaux, 11%—Paris and Lyons Constituted, 8
Sambre and Meuse, sf4—West Flanders, 3.

Lord Lincoln arrived in town this morning from the north
of Scotland.
By our advertising columns it will be seen that the
Provident Clerks dinner takes pltce on Wednesday
next. Useful, without being ostentatious, based on sure
principles, and sul ported by all the mercantile and
banking interests of the kingdern, this Association ranks
among the highest, and when we see the President of
the Board of Trade taking the chair, and such a list of
stewards supporting him, we feel satisfied that any
eulogium on our part would be unnecessary. Our co-
lumns have often reported the growing prosperity of
this Association, and we shall be much disappointed if
the results of Wednesday do not far exceed those of last
year. The Association has our best wishes.

The Annual Grand Dress and Fancy Ball, in aid of the
funds of the Distressed Needlewomen, took place on Prides, night at
Alinack's Rooms,
the evening it was Stated that
which were ftill
theY and fashionably attended. During
Illustrious
ieusstoriceutsyinhatsheinrealviemw,tooonkd a great interest in the benevolent mostobject the
that his Royal Highness Prince Albert set the example, which was
most extensively followed by the rank and fashion during tile recent
winter, of patronising net only vests embro!dered by hand, but the
collars of both dress and riding coats, e
women had thus foundl
rdorthota an incredibly large
it
tnhuembleers serfs young.lc iC Is , 011
in,
nelent-ltreet alone, t 0
whom v e
practically
philanthropic expel i t was in
- E
adoptedA S T Eat I
very
part entrusted.
RAILWAY.—_ the directors of
in furtherance of
' trains, which promises to
•Slxcleieubersithrsdee:>speynistenmg,of the line to Rams-
thisTrliaiElwr haveUTit
bti;ceoemxceelexlecnotedpilnagnlyofproupiumlainrg
issued,,fabryesahraescabnetenarra nat greatly reduced rates,
arrangement, passengers by any of
half, are entitled to traverse
payment 01 one fare and
of
whicho less than twelve
itighilliaect"eli:rldraeltnin(ostoeir otationcodhferlocoltihf ) between all the stations Saturday, Sunday,
and Monday. The thirty minutes after'
ofihnt A.M. train from
London-bridgp yesterday morning consisted
carriages (119 t, second, and third class),
crowded with passengers. At each station down t.l
linew were densely
all
acces-
sion of travellers took place, and upwards of five hundrer
took tickets between Ramsgate and Canterbury alone durino, day.tpheonwn s
SERIOUS ACCIDENT ON ,THE GREENWICH RAlLwair.
Yesterday afternoon, an accident of a most distressing nature oc-
curred on the line of the Greenwich Railway,, Ao a man named Reuben
Martin, aged twenty-eight years, residing in the Spa-road, Bermond-
sey. Martin was in the service of the Greenwich Hallway Company
and was usually employed at the Deptford station, and whilst en-
gaged near the Creek•bridge, he was knocked down by one of the
trains preCeeding towards town, whet eby he received a ftightittl
wound of the scalp, about six inches in length, and severe injury to
.the skull, together with several contusions and bruises on various
Pails of his body. The train was immediately stopped by the engi-
neer; when he wss found to be quite insensible, and bleeding copiously
from the wound.' He was •carried to the nearest, surgeon's, where
his wounds were promptly dressed, but the injuries he had sustained
were of such as extensive nature that it was deeniadatOeSililayti
remove him to Guy's Hospital, winre he lies tie r rjj:.!; ta) I i
Cillabill.4