The Sun.
London, England, 1846-02-11 00:00:00

TILE

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being brought before him by the POPE of the cruelties
supposed to have been practised, his Majesty the ENV'S..
NOR assured the POPE that he was not aware of them,
and that if they had been committed, the party should be
severely punished.
The subject then dropped.
The Duke of RICHMOND presented petitions in favour
of agricultural protection.
Lord BEAUMONT gave notice of his intention, on Mon-
day next, to bring forward the motion of which he had
given notice with respect to the burdens on land.
The Duke of RICHMOND postponed his motion with
respect to burdens upon land, which stood for Thurs-
day, till Monday.
On the motion of the Earl of SHAFTESBURY, it
was resolved that the House should receive no petitions
for private Bills after Tuesday, the 2lat of April, or
any report from the Judges after Thursday, the 18th of
June.
The House then adjourned till Thursday.

•vould enable them to obtain food at a reasonable rate. In
'act, so far from low prices of grain causing low wages, the
eery contrary is the result. If food is at a reasonable price,
Jur manufacturers can compete more successfully with their
rivals in the foreign market, the demand for labour conse-
iuently increases, and till the amount of population exceeds

tionists could claim a right to raise the price of food
artificially by Act of Parliament, unless they were pre-
pared at the same time to secure by Act of Parlia-
ment to the working men of this country con-
stant employment and a certain rate of wages?
In Ireland the agricultural labourer,.the tenant-farmers,
and the landlords, had all been brought into a state of
the deepest distress by this system of protection,
and he considered that a system of free trade was their
only chance for a revival of prosperity. In the purely
agricultural districts of Ireland the distress was the
deepest ; for in the north, where there were
manufactures, there was comparative prosperity.
One of the great causes of Irish distress was, that the
people were compelled to depend upon the potato for
subsistence, and hence they were subject to periodical
famines. Now, by reducing the price of corn, the people
where rendered independent of the potato, they would be
used to a better class of food, and the landlords would
be forced to improve the estates by which. the produce
would be doubled. He cordially supported the proposi-
tion of the Government.
Mr. BAILLIE felt that we should never be able to
convince foreign nations of the truth of the doctrines of
free trade. Foreigners believed we could manufacture
at a cheaper rate than they could, and therefore they
had fostered their own manufactures by protective
duties. We had, by the aid of machinery, supplanted the
cotton manufacturers of India, and he doubted if any
conqueror had ever inflicted so much misery as we had
by supplanting their native domestic industry.
Such had been the results of free trade to India ;
and seeing that, it was not to be wondered at
that foreign nations declined to try the experiment; and
the-question was now, should we try the experiment on
ourselves ? The prosperity of the last three years was
owing to the prosperity of agriculture during those
three years ; and it was as necessary for us to protect
our agriculturists against foreign competition, as it was
for foreigners to protect their manufacturers against our
competition. Such was the inferiority of our cli-
mate, that it was impossible for our agricul
turists to compete successfully with foreigners. The
greater part of the grain grown in this country was in-
ferior in quality to the grain grown in Poland, and it
good Polish wheat were admitted to the markets, there
would be no sale for the inferior sorts of British wheats.
If it were a question of pounds, shillings, and pence, it
would be advantageous to turn a portion of our lands
into pasture and to purchase our wheat from abroad;
but this was a national question, and it would be most
unwise in us to depend upon foreigners for our food.
Considering, however, the position of parties in the
House and the country, he considered that they bad but
the choice of two alternatives—to support the Govern-
ment measure, or to throw out the Government and let
in Hon. Gentlemen opposite. Under these circumstances
he should support the Government measure as the one
least calculated to do evil.
Mr. LEFROY denied that the measure proposed by the
Government would benefit either the labourers, the
farmers, or the landlords of Ireland, and as an
Irish
Meutber he felt bound to oppose it.
Lord CLEMENTS, as one most intimately acquainted
with the wants and wishes of the agricultural pcpula
Lion of Ireland, declared that nothng could be more des-
titute or deplorable than their state under the presen
system of protection. The miserable state of the Irisi
population had been recently brought under public notice
by the Times' commissioner, and there was not a single
statement of his that was overcharged.
The report of the Earl of DEVON bore testimony to
the extreme wretchedness of the Irish peasantry, am
the Earl himself bore witness to the truth of the state-
ments therein contained. He had hardly ever known s
summer in Ireland without a scarcity in consequence of
failures of the potato crop; and although during the present
year many had provided against the impending famine b 3
lying in stocks of oatmeal, yet there were many thou-
sands too poor to do so ; and what, he would ask, ha(
been the benefit of protection to these poor persons? I
bad not provided them either with food or employment.
considering the whole measure brought forward by the
Right Hon. Baronet at the head of the Government,
he should heartily give it his support, though he must
confess be would much rather have had it come inte•
immediate operation than have been delayed for three
years.
The Marquis of GRANBY objected to the motion. 11
was sorry to oppose any measure proposed by the Right
Honourable Baronet at the head of the Government
but the present propositions were so sweeping
and so calculated, as he believed, to produce the worst
results, that he felt bound to oppose them, though, he
believed, the Right Honourable Baronet was sincere it
bringing them forward. He (the Marquis of GRANBY:
believed that protection was justice, and that those wile
supported it would be honoured by posterity.
Mr. GREGORY supported the measures brought for
ward by the Government, believing that the principle:
of free trade were the principles of common sense
He contended that agriculture had flourished, not througl
protection, but in spite of protection. It had been sale
that he ought not to vote for this measure as an Irish-
man, because Mr_ O'CONNELL it:mewed to support it fo.
some sinister purpose. Though he differed from tha
Hon. Gentleman in many things, he did not believe the,
any sinister motive had induced him to support thi:

he supply, wages must rise, while the necessaries
.f life are comparatively low. But that 13 only a
part of the result that may be anticipated. Another would
`te the shortening of the hours of labour, and thereby do
away with legislative interference between master and em-
ployer, generally so injurious to both. On this subject Sir
Dams GRAHAM said :—" I deprecate as much as any man
he too great interference of the Legislature with respect to
hese laws of employment; but I will say that it would be
Jn e of the most blessed and happy days which England
,ver saw, when a mutual agreement would be made in con-
sequence of a change in the law, which would render a less
amount of wages necessary for securing the comforts of
ife. I say that it would be one of the happiest days that
giver England saw when there would be a mutual agree-
ment without legislative interference between the employers
And the employed to work for shorter hours, and that such
a day will come I most sanguinely hope." There is a third
point of view, however, of still greater importance. Every
humane person shudders on reading the account of the tens
.f thousands confined in our gaols for offences against pro-
deny, laments the demoralisation caused by such frequent
commitments, and many despair ofdiscovering any remedy for
such frightful evils, though it is a fact about which there can be
no dispute that nearly all these offences are committed from
,toverty and want. It is rare to hear of a person in easy
.ircumstances, even though his education be most defective,
committing offences against property : a gaol for him is really
a place of punishment, while the miserable, those. starving of
cold and hunger, can see it in no honors, and view it rather
as a place of refuge. No punishment which humanity would
endure can deter such wretched beings from cemmitting
crime. It is want chiefly that leads to this frightful state of
society, and with what countenance, then, can these pre-
tended friends of the farm labourers, and similar
classes oppressed with poverty, oppose a measure for
increasing employment, while at the same time it
renders the necessaries of life more accessible to
the very class described as the objects of their
pity, and diminishes the amount of crime? The returns pre-
sented by Sir JAMES GRAHAM leave no do h of the fact, for
they show that, during three years, when of grain were
low, there was a diminution of about one of the com-
mitments as compared with other years en the prices
were high. The remarks of Lord WORSLEY, from
whom we expected better things, hardly deserve
notice. Of what use is it, on a question of such
vital importance to read long extracts from " Hansard ?" Can
anything be gained by proving that Sir ROBERT PEEL and
Sir JAMES GRAHAM at one time entertained opinions different
from those they now profess ? The very same charges
would apply to Lord JOHN RUSSELL, to Lord LANs
DOWNE, to Lord MonrEnr, and to almost every leading
statesman. The man who does not change his mode of
action with his opinions is a hypocrite and a knave. The
man who changes his policy in accordance with his opinions
displays real honesty, and leaves no doubt of the fact in the
public mind, when, in place of gaining personal advantages,
he is actually a great loser by such conduct. Lord WoESLEY,
to make good his point, should prove that Sir JAMES
GRAHAM'S estate will be rendered more valuable by the abo-
lition of the corn-laws—that he and Sir ROBERT PEEL de-
rived a great advantage from resigning office—and that the
most tempting of all rewards is the abuse of friends.

The SPEAKER took the Chair at Four o'clock.
Mr. JANES STCART WORTLEY took the oaths, and
his seat for Bute.
Leave was given to bring in several railway Bills,
among which was the Windsor, Slough, and Staines
Atmospheric Bills.
Mr. IluDsort brought in the York and North Midland
(Whitby Extension) Railway Bill, which was read a
first, and ordered to be read a second time.
Sir JOHN EASTHOPE presented several petitions from

Leicester in favour of the Government measure for the
abolition of duties on food.

A vast number of petitions were also presented for and
against the measure.
Mr. HUDSON presented a petition from Sunderland
for the immediate repeal of the corn-laws.
Mr. BYNa presented a petition from Kensington in
favour of the Ministerial plan for the reduction of the
duties on food. The petitioners, however, stated that
they would have preferred the total repeal of the corn-

laws to the delay of three years.
Lord JOHN RUSSELL presented a petition from London,
signed lsy 64,000 persons, in favour of free trade.
Colonel SIBTHOILP gave notice of his intention to
move for returns of the salaries of all persons receiving
above 5001. a year under the Government since 1795.
On the motion of Mr. YOUNG, a new writ was moved
for Westminster, in the room of Captain Rot's, who
had accepted the office of one of the Lords of the

Admiralty.
In answer to the following questions from Sir 11. WIN-
SiON BARRON. What amount of funds there are now
available for the purpose of lending, with interest, to-
wards carrying on public works in Ireland. Also, if it
is intended to propose or sanction any measure by
which the Ecclesiastical Commissioners in Ireland
would be empowered to sell any portion of their estates,
and thereby pay off the 60,0001. they borrowed from the

Government?
The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER said there was
a sum of 300,0001. placed at the disposal of the Board of
Works for Great Britain, upon which demands might
be made from Ireland, and there was a further sum of
60,0001. annually voted for Ireland. There was now
unapplied a sum of 52,000/. As to the question with
respect to the Ecclesiastical Commissioners, there was a
sum of 100,0001. lent to them, which had been paid.
Mr. Huron moved that a humble address be presented
to her MAJESTY, that she will be pleased to direct co-
pies of the existing tariffs and commercial regulations
of each of the British colonies and possessions to be laid
before this House, in the same manner as the tariffs and
commercial regulations of Europe and America have
been laid before the House. And also that there
be laid before this House copies of the existing
tariffs and commercial regulations of British India and
the dependencies thereof, on exports and imports, in the
same manner as those laid before the House of the
European and American States.
After a few words from Mr. AGLIONBY,
Mr. F. BARING recommended that the subject should
be referred to the Printing Committee.
Sir R. INGLis said that this particular report did not
come under the cognizance of the Printing Committee.
But when an Hon. Member stated in his place that such
a report was full of errors, he thought that some oppor-
tunity ought to be afforded him of substantiating his
statement.
In reply to Mr. EWART, Sir JAMES GRAHAM said
it was not the intention of the Government to introduce
a measure for giving to parties aggrieved a right of ap-
peal in criminal cases.
Certain unopposed returns having been moved for and
agreed to,
The order of the day for resuming the adjourned de-
bate was read, and
Mr. STAFFORD O'Bnizx complained that the Govern-
ment had not yet thought fit to consult the agriculturists
at all on this measure. He bad little hope of attracting
the attention of the House ; he had not changed, and
therefore he had nothing to explain, but remained in the
same state of bigotry in which he had ever been. The
law of 1815 might have been the greatest error
tbn. .1. 1.....1“1 :nt.rpst had ever ‘.....witteri.
but he would ask who had encouraged them to persevere
in that error? Year after year the Hon. Member for
Wolverhampton had given them an opportunity of re-
trieving that error, and year after year the Right Hon.
Gentleman had urged them to persevere in it. He
would not impute to the occupants of the Treasury
bench dishonesty, but this country had hitherto been
governed by party ; and if parties were to be broken up
in this way, he would ask how the Government of the
country was to be conducted? He had no hesitation in
avowing that he was a party man ; and if ever there was
an opposition conducted by party tactics for party ends,
it was the opposition of the Right Hon. Gentleman to
the late Government. It was a bitter disappointment to
find him now eschewing all party. The Right Hon.
Gentleman who spoke last night said that the law of
1842 had failed. Had it failed to the SIDNEY HERBERT
Of last year, or to the SIDNEY HERBERT Of this year ?
If the law had failed in regard to the question of ave•
rages, it must be a reason for re-adjusting those ave-
rages ; and if he found the sliding-scale fail, that was
no reason for giving up protection—they had still the
sliding-scale to fall back upon. If it had been merely a
question of duty, why had they raised such an agitation
on the subject? It was not on a mere question of im-
port duty that the present Government had dis-
placed the last. If the present Government had
changed their opinions, let them avow the change,
and give due credit to those who had always upheld
those principles; but let them not deprive them of the
credit due to them by saying that this was a mere
question of import duties. He was not careless of the
evils impending over Ireland; but a particular evil re-
quired only a particular remedy, and although the
ports might be opened to prevent a famine in Ireland, yet
there was no necessity for repealing the corn-laws. All
the authorities in Ireland agreed that the destruction of
agriculture in that country would be its ruin. He ad-
mitted the existence of the potato disease, and if it had
progressed he was convinced there would not have been
a potato left in Ireland. The rot bad been stayed, but had
now recommenced, and he believed that the Government
was prepared to meet the emergency; but he denied that
the case of famine in Ireland would be met by the pro-
posed alteration in the corn-law. He believed that the
landowners in Ireland were greatly responsible for the
distress existing in the country, but he denied that a re-
peal of the corn-laws would provide a remedy for the
distress. From what had fallen from the Noble Lord
last night, he assumed that the principle on which the
Government was henceforward to be conducted was that
no favour was to be shown either to agriculture or
manufactures, but that each was to be left to find its own
level. He denied that the sciences of political economy
and of legislation were identical. The science of poli-
tical economy was the science of amassing and distri-
buting wealth, which was only one of ,the many
elements which entered into the science of legislation.
Equal neglect was not impartial kindness, and it was
not right to leave the labour of the poor to unprotected
competition with foreigners, or to be crushed by the
rich. They in the House were all rich, and encouraging
the doctrine that they were to buy in the cheapest
market. They were encouraging a selfish doctrine,
which would alienate from them the affections of the poor.
It was a doctrine of political economy which few
of them could understand, but the selfishness of which
they could all of them perceive. It was unwise to pro-
pound that rule—it was dangerous to act upon
it. Agriculture was salubrious and condu-
civec
to to health, and a wise Legislature would pro-
tect and encourage such a calling. He objected
any change in the present corn-laws, but if any
change were to be made, he agreed with the Noble Lord
opposite that it should be complete, and should take
place at once. He did not believe that this was the
question of the great landed proprietors, but a tenant-
Ifarmers' question, and for that reason he would
not consent to alter the law. The landlord
would weather the storm, but the enterprising
manufacturer would come in, offer a higher
Iprice for the land than the farmer, make it
bear six quarters an acre inursnteeaddnouftthorfeeh,aisndfathrme tewn.hanicth-
farmer would be ruined, turned
against the injustice of
him. He would raise his voice .
had been held by his father and his grandfather before
3,, enabling
whosethe
sGuocvherna paireocnetedtointrg,amanpdlewoovuelrd nnioetnaswsi
assist
tosien nl
Mr. SICARKAN CSAWFOID asked bow the rotes.
fatal fault was, that they had trusfr—d in them.

Hitherto our attention has been principally directed to the
et ceteras of the great political struggles which are at the ;
present moment illustrating this session of Parliament—our
reflections have been successively restricted to the considera-
tion of one or other of the " postures" which tend altogether
to make up the present commercial and legislative
tableau. We have separately particularised the varu•us
paroxysms of recrimination, or sulkiness, or obsti•
nacy, or rancour, or stupendous dullness of compre-
hension, in which the delegates and the supporters
of the Central Protection Association have at different times
and in different places indulged. We have commented, and
chat not without the assistance of a very considerable share
of patience and of moral resignation, upon the meetings
convened in divers agricultural and manufacturing districts
and the *rations there uttered for and against the remarkable
and comprehensive measures proposed by the Chief
Minister of the Sovereign, sustained by the acqui-
escence of his colleagues, and animated by the cordial
co-operation of the Opposition. We have at one
moment transcribed into our columns the bold, the dis-
passionate, the self-sustained and self-reliant arguments ad-
vanced by the most enlightened statesmen of this generation—
the Premier, Lord J. RUSSELL, Lord MORPETH, Mr. COBDEN,
and the like : at another we have quoted as curiosities (both of
literature and logic) the discursive fribbles and unconscionable
platitudes with which such chivalrous but uncalculatiag per-
sonages as his Grace of RICHMOND, or Mr. FERRAND, have
frittered away their own time and that of their supporters.
By proceeding in this graduated but requisite manner, we
have been compelled, in the average, to descend to a minute
and detailed examination of occurrences, and have found
ourselves enabled only in casual and abrupt intervals to take
a wider survey of the grand question at issue. In a moral
sense, the multitude have during several mouths been
struggling forward in one unanimous and irresistible body
towards the golden gates of free trade, which have swung
open before them

" With the sound
Of symphonies and dulcet tones."
At this Particular •tog• .f
formality of a debate is enabling each individual in
the Lower House to express either his personal dis
sent or approbation of the schemes propounded by Sir
ROBERT, we would for an instant step aside from the impetu-
osity of the current, and take one general though brief survey of
political men and political measures as they are now situated.
Out of doors we perceive a confusion, or rather an amalga-
mation, of parties--Whigs and Conservatives, Tories and Ra-
dicals, Liberals and Chartists, High Churchmen and Dissenters,
no longer clashing in thought, in purpose, or in action, as
they have done from a period actually immemorial ; but
flinging the last shreds of their dissensience to the winds, and
dovetailing their various theories into one great, practical and
consistent object. To employ a figure of speech, the founda-
tion-stones of the British Constitution—the people—are no
longer broken up and scattered about in disorder, without
•either strength or symmetry—that groundwork is
(so to speak) at the present moment tessellated—formed
out of variously coloured and heterogeneous parts,
yet constituting, in spite of this apparent obstacle, one, com-
pact, solid, and symmetrical whole. We find factions
nullified, and, as far as the majority are concerned,
political acerbity abolished ; we perceive those persons com-
bine their efforts in all kindliness and brotherly sympathy
who were animated but very recently towards each othtr
with sentiments only of the bitterest malevolence.
We see peace where there was formerly animosity—
hopefulness where there was only pertinacity of hatred.
Within the doors of Parliament the spectacle is no less re-
markable in every imaginable respect—our allusion being
mainly directed to the House of Representatives. Never, in
the records of that august assembly, did a more strange
complication of opinion exist. So conspicuous is this fact,
that there is no one but what must acknowledge
the present distinction of the Ministerial benches
and the Opposition benches as a farce of uncommon richness
in humour. The Prime Minister's position is most enviable
at this instant, as far as full and permanent popularity are
concerned ; the responsibility of his office has, for once,
been exceeded by the amount of benefit which
that office enables him to effect. He achieves the
greatest and the noblest deed a statesman can ever
by possibility achieve, by confessing his former errors
and not only explaining the causes which had conducted him
to this discovery, but endeavouring by every faculty of his
intellect, and by every tittle of his self-command, to repair
the evils which he had formerly been instrumental in sus-
taining. In addition to this phenomenon of legislation, we
observe in that Chamber of Senators the Anti-Minis-
terialists cheering en the Ministry with their very
hearts in their voices, and the anti-Oppositionists
themselves becoming virtually the members of Opposition.
Nor is there an absence of analogy in the present efforts of
the two divisions of Parliament ; the Commons are aiming
at an eradication of the pernicious cause, exclusive protec-
tion—the Lords are making efforts to remove the effect, the pre-
sent destitution in Ireland : the exertions in the Upper House
are but applications for the existing exigencies of the more
gigantic and prospective measures now agitated in the lower
House. While these vast reforms are being perfected, we
cannot but regard with some degree of commiseration that
blind and incorrigible obstinacy in the protectionists which
incites them to raise a clamour of the most impotent an-
tagonism against the popular will—conduct only equivalent
to the selection of a fool's cap and bells to an eternal crown
of laurels.

measure.
Lord BROOKE could not support the measures pro
posed by the Government. Although he was sure tb.
Right Hon. Baronet was sincere in his motives, he ver)
much doubted the sincerity of many of those who sup
ported him. The Noble Lord the Member for Liver-
pool bad let out the secret of that support ; it was fron
the fear of losing the great talents of the Right Hon
Baronet in conducting the Government. The Nobli
Lord deprecated the course pursued by the Anti-Corn
law League in its endeavours to increase the number o'
voters, and denounced their proceedings as illegal and
unconstitutional.
Lord WORSLEY thought the Government were wrong
in proposing the measure, and he believed that the re-
suit
would be that the Right Hon. Baronet would never
again be called the farmers' friend. If the corn-law wa?
to be altered or repealed, let it be altered at once, and
not delayed for three years. He believed that delay had
been most unwisely introduced by the Government, be
cause, blink the question as they pleased, before that
time expired a new Parliament would be called, at the
election of the Members for which the agriculturist?
would call upon those who asked for their suffrages to
support their interests, by re-considering the proposition.
Sir JAMES GRAHAM considered the present question
one of great public importance. For himself, he avowed a
change of his opinions on the subject of the corn-laws ;
and with that statement he disposed of all his former
"speeches. All that he possessed in the world was as a
landlord ; and if the change now proposed was dan-
gerous, it would expose him to as great a risk
as any landlord in the country. At the
same time, he did not believe that the repeal
of the corn-laws would materially affect the price
of corn, but it would ensure the consumer the in-
valuable benefit of providing against those excessive high
prices which might take place if there was a deficient
harvest in this country. He was rejoiced to see that
the Noble Lord the Member for the West Riding of
Yorkshire—from whom he had often differed, but who
was one of the greatest ornaments of the House—had, on
the hustings, announced sentiments nearly similar to
those which he had attempted to announce that night.
He did not believe that the landlords would
suffer by the abrogation of the corn•laws ; but if
they were to suffer, he would rather d!scend to a
lower station than submit to the obloquy of defend-
ing this law. It had been said that the proposi-
tion of the Government would break up that great Con-
servative party, but if it were not entertained, he
believed it would occasion throughout the country, not
the mere breaking up of a party, but anarchy, confusion,
and revolution.
Lord CuvE, believing that an honourable understand-
ing existed between himself and his constituents, that he
should maintain the system of protection, felt it to be
his duty to vote against the proposition of the Govern-
ment. _ _ _

Ws have received Madrid papers of the 3d, but they con.
tiro no news.
The Three per Cents. closed at 33 for cash, and 33% ai
60 days; and the Five per Cents. at 238 at 60 days.

Mr. COLQUHOUN rose to address the House, and was
met by loud cries of " Adjourn ! adjourn !"
Sir R. PEEL suggested that if the debate were to be
adjourned, it should be adjourned to Thursday.
Mr. BROTHERTON then moved that the debate be ad-
journed to Thursday, which was agreed to.
The other orders of the day were agreed to, and the
House adjourned.

The latest intelligence from Algiers in the Paris papers is
of a gloomy character. ABD-EL-KADER, taking advantage
of the calamity which befel General LEVASSEUR'S division,
had suddenly made his appearance in the province of Con-
stantine, at the bead of two thousand horsemen at least, and
had committed razzias on all the tribes in that quarter who
had submitted to the French. A letter from Setif, dated
the 29th of January, which appears in the Algerie, leaves no
doubt of the fact, and of the consternation which it had
caused in that quarter. " AI3D-EL- IDER," says the
writer, "has just come upon us like a thunderbolt. In his
march from Boghar to Foum-Onad-el-Djenan, lie mercilessly
despoiled every tribe that had not Previously sent him tokens
of submission. The Ouled-Messelem, a tribe cf the sub-
division of the Setif, have been attacked. The Colonel of
the 19th
the Medjana. All the disposable forces of the subdivision,
has just set out with 1,500 men, to proceed to
French and native, were got together to form this column.
—P.S. It is affirmed that ABD...ED• Karma is at the head of
two thousand horsemen at least, and that he has with them
effected a considerable razzia on the Ouled-Sidi-Aissa-Mara-
bouts, who exercise the religious sovereignty over the greater
part of the old be lick of Titteri.' The unfavourable
accounts from all points of Algeria come so repeatedly upon
one another, and the policy adopted by Marshal BUGEAUD
it
totally useless for meeting the dangers which threaten
tI'ADI on every hand., that the Government will probably be
LA)taPeTled to recal him, and puma an entirely different
cOuree. The CONtitutiolitiel.says news. lately received.

The speech of Sir JAMES GRAHAM last evening on the
corn-laws may be said to be the only business speech yet
made during the two nights of debate. That of Mr. S.
HERBERT was good in its way, but the other went to the
root of the evil, showed the absolute necessity for repealing
the laws, the little injury the landlords had to anticipate from
the change, the benefits in point of morality of low prices.
the almost total absence of any connexion between wages
and the price of grain, and the beneficial effects which may
naturally be expected from the abolition of the duty.
Should the latter proposition be made good, the change
will confer the greatest blessings on the working po-
pulation, and especially upon that portion of it compelled to
toil for twelve or fourteen hours in unwholesome
factories, in order to be able to purchase a sufficiency for
their subsistence. He alluded with satisfaction to the altered
sentiments inthat respect of the great majority of the opera-
tives. Until lately they seemed fully convinced, that low
prices of food would lead to low wages, but the experience of
the last three years had dispelled the,cliduaion4 and they were
now as anxious as most other classes for ouch a change is

SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVEN] FEBRUARY 11 1846.

from exinstaritina has dett3tnined the departure of the Duke
D'AUSIALE for Africa. lie sets out in a few days." The
Presse thus urges on the Government the adoption of a
different system :
" The arrival of Abd-el-Kader in the province of Constantine is the
natural Consequence of his military operations. After having drawn
I from the populations of the Centre and the west all the resources
possible, he has thrown himself on those of the east, who have long
been quiet, and must be in a prosperous state. Does not the facility
With Which the Eniir scoures Algeria notwithstanding the thirteen
or-foniteon moveable Which sire in the field against him,
evidently prove the insufficiency of the system of war adopted
by Marshal Bugeand ? The presence of Abd-el-Kader
in
the province of Constantine., will force Marshal Bugeaud to
demand fresh troops, for those whom he has so severely tried
for the last three months are incapable of service. Besides, he will
not dare to leave Western Kabylia bare, hi which Bou Maze and the
other partisans of the Emir maintain themselves. Marshal Bugeaud'::
system of war is tumbling to pieces on all sides. It is Insufficient,
and the enormous charges with which it loads the mother-country
impose on the War Department an imperious duty of thoroughly in-
quiring into the affairs of Algeria If it does so seriously, it will find,
as we have shown, that it is not on the populations that war ought
to be made, but on the Emir, and that we cannot make an advan-
tageous war on the Einir otherwise than by means of a numerous
cavalry, and by giving the supreme command to cavalry generals."
The Notional, after adverting to the sudden arrival of the
Emir in the province of Constantine, adds :
- -

"It was not till after the event, however, that M. Bugeaud became
acquainted with this new enterprise of the Emir. To such audacious
insults M. Bugeaud has nothing to oppose, but a weakened and dis-
membered army, subject to every misery that can be inflicted upon
soldiers in times of war. Our infantry- is without shoes, and almost
without clothing. Reduced to a few columns composed of mere
remnants and some contingents of natives, it is obliged to wait fot
its food till provisions are brought from the coasts or towns. All the
means of transport are wanting, the beasts of burthen belonging to
the commissariat being worn out, if not dead, and then those which
the Arabs ordinarily supply are for the moment wanted to be used in
cultivating the soil. The cavalry, as we have before said,.no longer
exists. Daily are our ranks thinned without fighting and inglori-
ously-. While cur antagonist is increasing in strength, we are
dwindling away with a frightful rapidity. When the spring shall
arrive Abd-el-Kader will be better than ever able to brave us ; while
we shall have to send a fresh army into the provinces of Algiers and
Oran, to supply the place of that which has been so deplorably lost by
the imbecility of its leader."
We learn front Saxe Gotha, Feb. 1, that the States were that day
assembled for the first time since the accession of the Duke. The
only remarkable passage in his opening speech was that in which he
expresses a desire to give to his people a constitution more in con-
formity with their interests and the spirit of the age.
The Three per Cents. closed on the Paris Bourse on Monday at
84f. 25c.; the Five per Cents., 123 f. 40c. ; the Orleans Railroad
Shares, 1,285 f. ; Rouen, 1,007 f. 50c. ; Havre, 707 f. 50c. ; Avignon,
987 f. 50c.; Vierzon, 7001. ; Bordeaux, 6431. 75c. ; Boulogne, 547 f.
50c. ; Basle, 2521. 50c. ; Great Northern, 765 f. ; Fampoux, 480 f. ;
Paris and Strasburg, 5571. 50c. ; Tours and Nantes, 583 f. 75c.
The following are the quotations for other lines :-
Paris and Lyons, definitive, 620 f. ; Lyons and Avignon, (Tale-
bot), il4f. ; Bordeaux and Cette (Mackenzie), 506 f. ; ditto (Espe-
leta), 512 f. ; Charleroi (Kysaens), 495 f. ; Caen (Delatnarre), 502 f.
LYONS, FEB. 7.-Marseilles and Avignon, 980 f. ; Paris and Or-
leans, 1,276 f. ; Paris and Rouen, I,olof.
BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, FEB. 10.
Boulogne and Amiens, 12 -Dutch Rhenish, 7t4 -East Indian, 1%
-Great Northern of France Constituted, 151/4-Louvain and Je-
mappe, 21/4-Lyons and Avignon, 2% -Namur and Liege, 31/4-or-
' leans and Bordeaux, 11 -Sambre and Meuse, 5%.

WESTMINSTER ELECTION.—Captain Rous being compelled
to vacate his seat for Westminster on his being appointed a
Lord of the Admiralty, presents himself again to the elector:-
of this independent borough, and we confidently hope that
no opposition will be made to his return. Though
belonging to the Conservative party, he has shown him
self a liberal and active Member; in several of hi.,
speeches during this Parliament he has exhibited straight-
forward conduct, and seemed generally to take part with
the poor and the oppressed, though at the risk sometimes of
offending the Government. It ought to be remembered also
that he was among the very first of the Conservatives to de-
nounce the corn-laws, and call upon Sir Robert Peel to mak(
provision against the sufferings that might be caused by ;4
failure of the crops. He cordially supports the liberal mea-
sures introduced by the Minister, and a better representa-
tive at present, therefore, could not be desired.

RAILWAY COMMITTEES
(THIS DAY.)

Sub-Committee, No. 2.
The Committe met to-day at Half-past Twelve o'clock,
Sir J. Y. Huller in the chair.
AYRSHIRE AND GALLOWAY RAILWAY.
The CHAIRMAN ordered the room to be cleared, in order to
conclude the report.
On our re-admission,
The CHAIRMAN said, the Committee have reconsidered their
report, and were of opinion that with respect to the contract
deed the standing orders had been complied with, but vitt
respect to the other points, they would have to report that
the standing orders had not been complied with.

Sub-Committee No. 3.
This Committee resumed its sittings at the usual hour th:
morning, ➢ir. Aglionby in the chair.
EDINBURGH AND LEITH RAILWAY.

This was a railway, on the atmospheric principle, front
Edinburgh to Leith, the estimated cost of which was
160,0001., and the length two-and-a-quarter miles. Mr.
Miller is the engineer, and Messrs. Deans, Dunlop, and Co.,
the agents.
The standing orders were reported to have been complied
with.

Sub-Committee, No. 4.
The Committee met at Twelve o'clock this day, in room
No. 11, when there were present Sir W. Heathcote, Mr.
Home Drummond, awl Mr. Hope Johnstone.
LONDON AND BIRMINGHAM (NEWPORT

vernment were not unprepared for the dangers that may

11l

should they not pause before making a present of half
_i
million of money to some corn merchants, which morel.
might be far preferably disposed of and expended in rehev_
ing the distresses a the people of Ireland?—( des
hear r:,
His motion, then, was for a return of the number of impo,rte t
of foreign grain, and . the quantity then in bond in tires
Britain and Ireland.
Mr. YiSC_',OTT made a feW observations, which did not reads
the gallery. After which, • hefullf
The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER "4 y yro (1)±
acquiesced in the motion of the Noble Lord. The
find that a great deal of corn was being
into
not for, .
purpose of allowing it to come e.t once into the Mark 6.1 T
far the purpose of doing so when there shall be a four Ilp
ling duty,
chequer put a wrong construction on the observatiornsietwi;
Mr. NEWDEGATE said that the Chancellor of tfie.El:
Noble Lord (Bentinck). It appeared to him (M •s'
sSI o rb. . . .
oeetr
l' gate)E xaclh erqUesri.mpTlehequoebsjteicotnofwtahseppurtesteontthme
inopraert deeraedre
remove the distress which existed in a
Majesty's dominions, and which none
than he did. But he did not think a wasteful exepeeiVlA of
should take place, as the measure would have th attei4 A
losing to the Exchequer half a million of money hY,Xusoch sa
eCashuarnecovrefi
into the pockets of a few corn-dealers.—(Hear.) If
bought S
expei;:±ittare of the revenue was to take place, he t, _ „ople
would be better to give it to relieve the distress ef tnerer._.o
of Ireland, as a much better way for sacrificing the
r,„1,7.06
of the country. He was a great admire! t is,
d not
present system of bonding corn, and be ch Lob bf
any mode of improving' that system, "°;`:_troying•
their present measure, they were about ur
able ane
Ile considered the practice of bonding corn a Vl'll .r g eves
under the present system. He had heard the atis"broi to
to the Hon. Member for Winchester, recommending
Aoaten the
ed the
move for a return of all the persons who had
made front the wheat so admitted, and he hterte•
Hon. Gentleman who bad given that answer to a
that arduous task himself. ot beeilq
Mr. WOOEHOUSE said that there bad I', toe/10.-
measure ofprotection, or relief of anykind,to IrelanuT,e 0, „or
he had not given his assent, and he begged Irene
the meet
that the expression of opinion made by him hetbre eh illeir
ing of Parliament had always been in favour of 6.1,1... oisde
sures, and he therefore thought that the observatiL": '
by the Chancellor of the Exchequer were uncalled T:.„0- to
Mr, S. O'BRIEN said, that as he was the Pet boa td
whom his Right Hon. Friend referred, he Is; for I
say, that his observations- related solely to IrelAtdept an,
considered this kingdom at present quite iaulriolota 'a
foreign corn, and he believed that there was e":',„..- MIA
well prepared to avoid the horrors of fait"-
had aln
cries of " Hear, hear.") His Honourable Friend .-T,flos.sl
to the fact of his sitting next the Member for r.,•0-thilt.l:l:
the fact of sitting next to a Member was conells;sree
agreed with him in opinion. He certainly ow the. en
the Hon. Member for Lynn in opinion, bathes 01/
rience of the last three or four nights ought to oof aii
his Friend that one Hon. Member might sit by
aln
yet totally disagree with him in his political vir;ade a°l°
The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUES '--
._,,,,
observation which did not reach the gallery. ~ had Itbar- ;,
Mr. S. O'BRIEN said that the price of wheir jpeceaLty
that nearly 9,000 quarters had paid 14s. duty duce the,be
and yet his Right non. Friend was going to rafeta_,' f,
at once to 4s. The 10s. duty thus gained would na oTerffivo
consumer, but would be to the advantage of the cora 0 thather
His Right Hon. Friend had repudiated the allega!rj 171.'
'lll
far from disapproving of the measures now PraP'
• h thain;V"
Majesty's Government he perfectly agreed with t iis
Right Hon. Baronet at the head of the Governriain b 0,46
that there were only three members of the cabinet ir who
00
with him. One was the Right Hon. Gent
just left the House (Sir J. Graham), the Earl agoroarto,
and the Secretary-at-War, so that his • Jerrea oil
Friend could not be one of the three 'The ill
P,O
He thought his (Mr. Escott's) proposition, that. • ro,:a
move an amendment to his own motion, and ha
vof ei.L.hia's
of the whole of those who may be constillied".,,4oo
bread, wheaten bread that is not consurne,rn 0041
yet in bond —he thought that suggestaNijek„ot
incomprehensible as the conduct of the be tb°7l.
Learned Gentleman to his constituents' When 41 hos°rs'
it consistent with his public duty and pera°t-od 00;0
stand for the city of Winchester, at which Peh'ol. 1:,1
rage price of wheat was 625. Id. per quarter,' -Marifitli
a four-pound loaf was sold for nineP-,101.4.
and tenpence. He took his stand on that cc_ritrj
those who advocated the cheap bra, m. 151
In the speeches of his mover and ficcelL,dide 1010
the question thus put to the electors, tO 0111_7:110
they would like a Government who were oedeorke
maintain the then existing corn-laws, whose "ted""Of
(Mr. Eacott) was.—(Cheers.) He then advoes.o ISvoisl
law which would give a protection of 285., hat ) saki ttii
Hon. and Learned Gentleman modified his ids tint
for a 10s. duty.—(Hear, hear.) I think, c°lloooar-
Noble Lord, that line of conduct of the..oreeek
Gentleman tower, s his constituents to be as inc°"ll, jot'
as the suggestion he has made, and I should be igeta,ke
if I were to follow him as a leader, or alloWie',ll4lYeii
governed here or elsewhere either by his exaniPoSlP:,,
Mr. ESCOTT hoped the Noble and Leal, /4,6 9
more comfortable after the display he had wi; ;rile,
sidered that the suggestion he had throw
.itoi
perfectly in accordance with Fenian:lo4q, in in" 000
The Noble Lord had himself stated that his obJe%c 0000
for the return he, was to ascertain what Pr°t tlis Or
by the parties referred to, and thinking bat 00
would derive profit from such return, he thoag no
~or
tion he had suggested was not altogether iraPr'ttio)silii/
respect to what he had said about his (Mr. iii A
tuents, lie should be glad to meet tiny tr
House or elsewhere on the question ter. 01,, 11
laws. He would not, however, then ea"tbat'loo
argument with the Noble Lord, except to sistegbagr-_,,
utterly ignorant of the whole facts of the We' b,Orl,
The motion was then agreed to. f be Pt.( F
An Hoff. MEMBER. brought up the report e,-,ct hce-
mittee , stating that the promoters of the-iv'''- .
way had not complied with the standing oreiers'. ": 4
The House then adjourned. : ii $4l
emagorzsess 4
14 40
MONEY and COMMERCIAL' sfi
CITY, QUARTER TO ./.
fotoos
The market for Cotton at Liverpool was quiet, 1114 04" ~,
confined to parcels for the immediate wants of 4;covoirrod•
about 3,000 bake. - 10'
At Messrs. Latnonds' public sale ofßailwayShareS•••osto,;o",
noon, the following lots found buyers :—butch 00:„Ytleti-ao r,
—Northern and Southern Connecting, 1/. 55. 6d.—,..760,1014'41
—North Staffordshire, Churnet, and Potteries, b'' - If • Vie
0/
hohne, Gainsborough, and Goole, 21. 55.—Waterford•60, 0,41
Valentia, 11. 12s.—Liverpool and Newcastle Jul's. 41;0,,
Shrewsbury and Birmingham, 31. I Is.- vale of Nes' 3;1. ' /
Goole and Doncaster, 31. 13s.—Paris and Itoiteolui 4,41'
Great Western (Dublin to Galway), 41. 10s. 6,1_••-:: 14.;1,Pii.,,,ir,
21. M.—South Staffordshire, 21. 12s. 6d.—Caledowl;:d 9',..11',"gi
donlan, New Stock, 31. 19s. 6d.—South-EasterllA. %Wire"
31.9s.—Madrid and Valencia, It. 711.—Reading 8°"-$.141,011) ,i
—Northampton, Bedford, and Cambridge, 11. 48,•
tYrloicor
land, 1/. ss. 6d.—York and Lancaster, 1/. 60. l'"ii.80•
Leeds, 11. 91. 6d.—Reading, Guildford, and Reiga,,,,te" 001.1
The Share Market was steady, and the bos°" 11 A/
limited. Prices are on the advance• .01 edttPrill 0,,,,
The debates in the House of Comm. ons have attr-L it Lost iri
degree of interest this morning, except as so 14r.,p,- ill! IiSISA
the current of opinion seems to set in more siroa.--plijoa id,
measure of Fir Robert Peel. Merchants, beretaif 11.100_,1e
point settled " speedy and soon," as the late '-' tbC-mr 4
asked his customers to receive their balances 111.409." dr
hank in the panic of 1825-26, of
any of them Vie"
- 000.004
stability of the firm. ... tr ,4 dra#
There has been a very good quantity of busilloThop.„ •, ~
British securities this morning. The Governinenttas' gilt 740 fib/
usual pare:noses, and there was also an ill"eliaS, 01,. ~,,'"
of the Friendly Societies. The inarket,_,dia ,0•4. Vie
whole, been rather heavy, and notwithst.- 4 • fee. or
sa Fri te of
porary reaction that occurred yesterday ~, 114_.c1,„,•- A
opinion is most certainly in favour of an adlit• coo' nir",4
yesterday afternoon there was a large purchase A—,oesof:f tr, pod
livered next week. For Consols there were P4-7040.0000' Tie
mencement of business at 97, since which ach go r
has taken place to 96%. Consols for the .. 4.04
varied from 97 to 96%. The 1002: Stec J 9
chequer Bills has remained at fr°"'„..o °„0.00,` P-
In the Three-and-a-Quarter per Cents. there "..-- ices.-19; to
done at from 97% to O 7 % ; in the Three per end,
.cl 0
99% to 99%, and in India Bonds at from 450' `.. . ri3O
has been done at 260. ifelit„el
ofOr' /00
Many of the holders of Mexican Stock A—hecil
fact of so large a remittance having ,"ii, IsP4ai, or
account of the dividend fund formed here, a• tee on 130:
the position of affairs, in a. political point of vie, to 0,04 101:100
stock in the market here has fluetuated,_,baireoi litur
amount, the prices to-day, having ranged ONO 00,
In the other Republican Bonds there has bee "„•N i ~,s
Colombians have realised 17 ; New- Grenada, '•'' •.tvittli
Deferred, 13%, .1%10
The Railway Share Market has been in sr Verlk aites,„acib
ing. The opposition to the London and 1%4-'•tre '''
having been declared to be unsuccessful, t11_,,v4- -0,
scrip. The prices realised to-day are noted 14.•-• fl: 0,40,
,
BRITISH FUNDS THIS DAY AT 014.'
~,14 .196.,7
(From the Official List.) 9_1,141)00
Three per Cent. Reduced Annuities . foP7 OP
Three per Cent. Consols Annuities •• 993 A
New Three-and-a-Quarter per Cent. An lel
Long Annuities, Expire Jan. 5, 11160 . 20
India Stock • • • • • • • • • ••
India Bonds, 1,0001. • •
Ditto, under 1,0001.
South Sea Stock .. • • • • .. 44 .. flit; 0
Ditto, Old Annuities • , • • . 96,70 ti"
Three per Cent. Annuities, 1751 " .•
9.1,A. , 50'
Consols for Account • • • • .. • • ' IPs-40 - 4 •
Exchequer Bills. I%d. 31 0 / I"
9 4
1,0001. .. .. ._ ...• 39-31 ,'
5001. .. .. .• .38 io ocP
it. ,

Arise from approaching scarcity.
Mr. SHAW said that he was sure that the present emer-
,ency in Ireland would be, but temporary if the Government
would adopt the course necessary for the relief of the people.
ile would not then enter upon the discussion of the general
object, but he believed that distress did prevail to a very
,nsiderable extent. He did not think that the regulations
,f the poor-law in Ireland had been acted up to; for,
nseead of having a resident Commissioner, there was very
e•equently only a sort of Aseietatit Commissioner.
Mr. F. FRENCH said that when an appointment of that
iature was about to take place under the present system,
tiany Members found it their duty to object to it, as a consi-
lerable portion of Ireland was pliteed in the hands of English
,r Scotch Commissioners, whereas an Irish Commissioner
tught to have the preference above all others. The Hon.
ientleman who had preceded him had said that the law was
.most unpopular one, and he (Mr. French) believed that
it would be impossible to get one more so, for it would
lot have the effect of relieving any destitution in Ireland,
eit it was perfectly useless to meet any sudden emergency.
tier Majesty's Government knew that there were at present
io less than 4,000,000 people in Ireland who would be, or
were now, depending partially on the poor-law for The
treat majority of the inmates of the poor houses in Irehted.
.r ere children and infants in arms. There were about
eOOO,OOO people about to seek relief and shelter from poor
'louses which could not accommadate more than
100,000. It was a mere mockery to attempt to
:ontinue such a system, for the people of Ireland
made very minute inquiry into it, and saw the evil them-
selves. The Poor-law Commissioners reported the came
things over and over again, until they began to believe in
the existence of the evils they stated. The danger of consi-
lerable expense in cal rying out the measure might be great,
Jut should they consider the expense which they would incur
in performing so important a duty to the. people? The
Right Hon. Baronet had given himself great credit for
.:ertain measures proposed by her Majesty's Government to
meet the present crisis. lie certainly thought it right
to give the Government credit for the best intentions, but
after some inquiry, he thought that the results of the measures
they proposed would not be so beneficial as they anticipated.
If sessions were appointed to be held in the different districts,
where the people might obtain employment, he should not
abject, especially as the the spring sessions commenced on the
18th inst. lie gave the Government great credit for the
anxiety to afford the people of Ireland employment at the
earliest possible moment by giving precedence to
Irish Railway Bills, but if these were passed
without any delay they would not confer the
benefit they were intended to bestow, as nearly six months
must expire after their passing before the necessary plans
and sections could be got ready for the commencement of the
works—in fact nearly nine months must expire before the
people of Ireland could obtain employment in these great
national works. Then there were several clauses
in the Public Works Bill to which he objected. He agreed
with Lord Roden that that Bill would not be so beneficial
as her Majesty's Government seemed to anticipate. The
labour of carrying out the provisions of the Bill were to
be imposed on the Drainage Commissioners, who had already
more labour imposed on them than they could adequately
perform, as the improvement of the harbours, parks,
bridges, and lunatic asylums, were entrusted to them
Besides, he could not miderstand the necessity of making
these gentlemen into an operative body, and entrusting them
with the execution of all the works connected, in any way,
with the drainage of the country. There were several
clauses in that Bill, to which he should feel it his duty to
move amendments, in order that it might have the effect
intended. The original powers which were intended to be en-
trusted to the Drainage Commissioners, should be given to that
portion of the country whose interests were bound up with
the soil they possessed. The Commissioners stated that they
would give higher wages to those whom they employed than
the generality of landowners; but heelenied that this was so.
And even if they did give a larger amount of wages it was
under the exercise of a most irresponsible power, that of
laying out any sums of money which they might think fit.
He considered that under the operation of the present Act,
one-half of the parties were dissentients from the work
tieing commenced under the direction of this Board of
e:ommissioners, and he concluded by giving notice
that upon the bringing up of the report of the Com-
mittee on Drainage (Ireland) Bill, he would be prepared
with a number of clauses which he considered would have a
tendency to remove the objectionable portions of the Bill.
Colonel CONNOLLY was sorry to differ from the Hon.
elember opposite with reference to the wor king of the Poor-
law (Ireland) Bill. He believed that the poor-law was at
eresent working well in Ireland, and he felt bound to state
that the prejudices which existed against the measure in that
country had been greatly fomented in certain quarters. He
oelieved that, notwithstanding all this agitation upon the
subject the prejudices was fast disappearing.—(Hear, hear.)
lie felt convinced that this prejudice did not exist on the
part of those for whom the relief was intended. He was
himself connected with four boards of guardians, and was
enabled, therefore, to form an opinion upon the subject; and
his opinion was, hat this measure was rapidly approaching
that state of perfection which it was intended by the Go-
vernment it should occupy.—(Hear, hear.) The matter was
now before the other House, and he hoped it would receive
their Lordships' best consideration, and that such measures
as they considered expedient to adopt would be speedily sent
down to this House, and meet with the approbation and sup-
port of Hon. Members. He was astonished to find the
facilities with which the rates had been collected for
the purpose of carrying out the provisions of the Act.
He was now referring to the largest and most opulent county
in Ireland, and, having gone over the Act of Parliament, he
found very little indeed in it which would warrant him in
calling upon Parliament for any alteration. No doubt some al-
terations were proposed, but they were of a trifling character.
With regard to the Board of Commissioners, that certainly
was the most prominent part of objection in the Act raised
by the poor-law guardians. There had been instances in
which the Commissioners interfered in matters of the most
trifling nature. It was, in fact, more with the modus operandi of
those Commissioners than with the law itself that the guardians
quarrelled. This appeared very prominent in the county of
Roscommon, where instances had occurred -of the Commis-
sioners interfering with the guardians in matters which did
not in the slightest degree affect the public interest. On the
whole, he was of opinion that the law itself was not so ob-
jectionable as the Commissioners' mode of administering it ;
and in making those observations, be was addressing himself
more to the Commissioners than to this House. With regard
to the measure recommended by the Honourable Mem-
ber for Roscommon, he certainly could not agree
with many of the points it contained. Why
that would be very inopportune, and a very great
aggravation of their present circumstances; and he had no
hesitation in saying that it would destroy the main safe-
guard of the people's rights, notwithstanding the assertions
of the Hon. Member for Roscommon. The present poor-
law was practically advancing, and from day to day ma-
turing in the respect and confidence of everybody. He
(Colonel Connolly) attributed this very much to Lord Eliot's
Act.
Mr. M. O'FERRALL said he could not go the same length
with his Hon. Friend. He believed that if under the present
circumstances of Ireland they extended out door relief it
would only have the effect of increasing the miseries of the
people. He thought the course which bad been adopted by
her Majesty's Government was preferable. The landlords
of Ireland had had sufficient time to perform those
useful works themselves with the aid of private Acts of Par-
lament. Similar works had been carried out by the landlords
of Lincolnshire, Cambridgeshire, and various parts of Eng-
land. It was bjected that one of the clauses of the Bill of
last night, empowered Grand Juries to make present-
ments for the declaration of waste lands. The Hon.
Gentleman, the Member for Roscommon, had stated
that a similar law had been in existence for the last three
hundred years.
Mr. FRENCH—No, no. That was another law to which
I refer.
Mr. M. O'FERRALL—A similar law did unquestionably
exist, and a landlord was compelled under it to retain such
parts of his land as he did not take the trouble to
anprove ; but her Majesty's Government now proposed
not only that such a law should be extended to
Ireland, but that the landowner whose lands were presented
should have the necessary funds lent to bins for the purpose
of reclaiming his lands.— (Hear, hear.) With respect to the
poor-law be concurred to a great extent with the remarks of
his Noble Friend Colonel Connolly. He (Mr. O'Ferrall) cer-
tainly was of opinion that that law had done much good to
Ireland. The portion of that country with which he was
connected had !reaped much good from its operations ; and
the Board of Guardians had properly discharged its duties.
But there certainly had been differences in some districts,
the whole of which were attributable to the conduct of the
Poor-law Commissioners. Those gentlemen commenced
their campaign under the impression that every man in
Ireland must be distressed, and that every board
of poor-law guardians were jobbers. He wished
that the Right Honourable Baronet the Secretary for
the Home Department, would exercise that power which
the law vested in him. The Right Honourable Baronet
had frequently told the House that he had control over the
Commissioners, and he (Mr. O'Ferrall) would assure that
Right Honourable Gentleman that many cases might be
made out which properly called for his interference.
He trusted now that there was an opportunity for making
out that case; and he hoped, when it. was made out, the
Government would be prepared to deal with it.—(Hear.)
Mr. S. CRAWFORD begged to observe that he did not
ask that a right should be given to the poor to seek out-door
relief, but that in certain cases it should be in the power of
the Board to grant it.
COUNTY WORKS (IRELAND) BILL.
On the motion of Sir JAMES GRAHAM, the County
Works Presentments (Ireland) Bill was read a second time.
FISHERY PIERS AND HARBOUR (IRELAND) BILL.
On the motion of Sir JAMES GRAHAM, the House went
into a Commitee on the Fishery Piers and Harbours (Ire-
land) Bill, in which a resolution was agreed to that a suns of
60,000/. be granted for the purposes of the Bill,
Mr. WODEHOUSE moved for copies of the papers pre-
sented by the late Lord Sydenham, Secretary fur the Colo-
nies, in pursuance of an address to her Majesty, dated the
Ist day of July 1839, entitled, " Communication from the
Prussian Minister in London, and minute of the Board of
Trade, relative to the commercial relations between Great
Britain and Prussia," December 1825, January 1826.
Agreed to.
Lord GEORGE BENTINCK moved for a return giving the
numbers and names of the holders of foreign grain now in
bond in the Queen's warehouses in Great Britain
and Ireland, together with the quantities held- by
each individual. In compliance, however, with the suggestions
of the Chancellor of the Exchequer, be would change the
terms of his motion from holders of foreign grain to importers.
The object of his motion was to show the very limited number
of persons who were at present holders of that grain, and
who would be benefited to the extent of half
a million sterling by the passing of the measures at
present before Parliament, for the immediate reduction of
the duties on grain and wheat especially. There were at
present in bond 944,548 quarters of wheat and 451,464 cwt.
of: flour. Now, in the course of the month of December
last there were no less than 5,097 quarters of wheat
and 2,177 cwt. of flour which paid duty at 14s. per quarter.
The operation of the present measure would be to reduce the
large quantity of grain at present in bond from paying a duty of
16s. to a duty of 45., as it came into effect immediately after
the passing of the law. The whole of this wheat, therefore,
would be at once taken out for home consumption, not at a
duty of 165., but at 4s. Trade was thus thrown into such a
state, that it became a consideration with the merchant whether
it was worth his while,under such circumstances,t-o pay a duty
of 4s. Now, if this large quantity of grain which exceeded
a million of quarters, were taken out at a duty of 4e., the dif-
ference would not go to the benefit of the consumer, but to
the one, two, or three hundred individuals who were
holders of it, and who would by this means pocket
to the extent of upwards of half a million sterling.
lie (the Noble Lord) should confess that he had a wish to
know who the holders were, though he understood that such
inquiry might interfere with the principles cf private trade
and business, and also create a suspicion that her Majesty's
Ministere were engaged in some sort of a job.—(A laugh.)
tie assured the House that, for his part, he entertained no
such euepielon ; but be thought it of importance that the
country should know if the public exchequer was to be robbed
of half a. million of money which was to go into the pockets of
tore or threelaundred corn merohants.—(Hear, hear.) When
they had been told by the Right Hon. Secretary for the
sleep Department, eleakrelief, in the shape of loans to the
amount of 260,000/„ was intended to be bestowed on Ireland

.. ~ .. '. 45

- •Ci
Ditto, Small .• •••• so 0
PRICES OF FOREIGN FUNDS AT C',. :/„,,,
Columbia Bonds •• •• • • .• .24
Danish Bonds, 3 per Cent • • ~ •;
Mexican Bonds, 1837, 5 per Cen
•. 04 d
Granada, 1 per Cent. • • ••t • • WO
•
Ditto, Deferred • • • •
Portuguese Bends, 5 per Cent••• •••
Ditto, 3 per Cent • • • • • • ..
II
Russian Bonds • • • • • • . 000.
Spanish Bonds, 5 per Cenpta.yo•le• wor ~/
,nc,
Dividends on the above
Belgian Four-and-a-Half ner„Ce„ts. 66,
Dutch Two-and-a-Half per .0- . 7'20-00"Cr
• Ditto, 4 per Cent. Certiticates ~. 0
~,S .0 00 0 /
BUSINESS DONE IN RAILWAY 511.•••-- .0, •••• to /
RAILWAYS. FAID• 11/7.., ... ip /
Aberdeen .. .. .. .. ... .. 10 ° • 21,,, • ~..to d
r 2% • • ISO/. •• to ii
Amber., Notting., Boston, & Eastrn.n•• .. • 4.• 1
Birmingham and Gloucester • • • • 'CIg :...., .;,. to,
Birmingham and Oxford Junction • • ,•0 .. •'3 0. t 0 /
Bristol and Exeter .. • • • • •• 14 • :124,44 ••:' 0„ /
ihtta, New • • • • .. • • ••• 1-0 0.• '34:;.. 0 /
Caledonian .• .. .. .. .. • 2,h ...• 244 .0 /
Ditto Half Shares .. • • • • • • 2g ..•• 4..: to /
Ditto Extension • • • • • • • si .•••Al " . t° ,
I, ° 4'• 0
Chelmsford and Bury • • .. • • ••• 28 .• • • l „n /
Chester and Holyhead • • - • - '. 14 •••• 4 si' • et- '
Cork and Waterford • • % • • • ' 5 •'" 1--*. ' /
ii•" 0
Cornwall • • • • • • • • • • • ' 24 .• • • 2 •
_,7 „ ,o,
Direct Manchester (Remington's) '•. 2% .• ° 44/ . 'to /ti
Direct Northern • • • • • • • • • 4 •• •: 29L1';1•• to
Dublin and Galway .. • • " •im od.• • • 7$ .• -
Eastern Counties • • • • • • 14/. 1 • „,,....• . ..•• /
8/ 165. " . ',./ .. • to /
Ditto, New • • .. • • • • ' we. •• ' 27* •.. o ,
Ditto, York Extension • • • • •• : 14 -'; 79 :••to ,
East Lincolnshire • • • • • • • • •50 •• •• 16,4 fto -
Edinburgh and Glasgow • • ' • ••• 10 ". 11,40 to /
Ditto, New Quarter Shares • •
Goole, Doncaster, and Shetlield..te• • ,
• 4210.4•••• ":
,12-,./.: ~.. r ~
Grand Unien (Nottingham and L3-r01? 15 .• • •
„,.. •
••
•!. /
Great Southern and Western (Irelan".) 0 .• 0. 93 ;40
to
Great Western • • • • • • • ' 50 " • 19.•0 T... 0r•
.• ••
Ditto, Half Shares • • •• • • 5 " •••• 361 ::•• to -'
Ditto, Quarter Shares • • • '
•• 20 '' ---_,z ••• to '..,
Ditto, Fifths • • • • • • • ' • 50 "• • 241 •••.0 '-
,L.•• .. /
Hull and Selby • • - • • • " • 7 '• • +/' .•• 0
Ditto, Half Shares • • • • • • 2 5 p.• 0
Ipswlell,-Norwich, and Yarmouth •• 35 .• •' ito,•.
to /
Lancaster and Carlisle • • • • ••
• 225• •"
. 4, . " to ,-;
Leicester and Bedf,..rd • • • •
nc. 420' •••••
l'•• " 0 ''f
Leicst., Tam., Bir., & Trent Val4ll 24 •• ' .......,..• 0 4
Liverpool, Manch, and Newo. Junc'••••100 .•• •• 53 ,
~.
to
~...,
London and Birmingham • • • ' • • 16 •• • 51,.. .• "to „.
Di I to, Thirds • • • • • • ' • .. 2 ' • t„'',/ • • to A
111tto. Quarter Shares • • ' • •• 2 ' •
•• r?! 0•• to v-
Ditto, Fifths • • • • •••••• • • .. 4d. • • 41 .• 0 .."
London and Ellackwall • • ICI• I'''• 2V3 •' •• 684" /
*Via"... i° ---
Ditto, New • • • • •• "
•• 50 ••••, .. 1,4•• to
Lowden and Brighton • • • • • : .. 20 •• :. 2g-.•• 0.0
Ditto ditto Fifths • • • : 13/. os. 91' •.•
:3 •• • • to :,-
London and Croydon • • .•
411. 63. Ii"• 6• • : •"4 •
•' tos,i
London and South •Wegern •
.• . 28 • 2 •,.• 0 _
Ditto, Consolidated Eiglith, •• :. 12_34 •• .• 171/..." to -',
Ditto, New • • • • • • • •.• .. 10)4 ••• .. N.•• to
~
Ditto, New • • ' ' . • • 214 .. • • 11i'',•...,
London and York • • *.•
•• ••• ~, ..• o'to _
I quo, Ilalf Shares • • • 2>e -- •. .• '''
and Kidierinnoler. .2 .• •••• 11 'p.• to 10
London, Warwick,
.. . °I •• 14, . 1
Manchester and Leeds ... • . ~,,, 0• to
• • • .. 42,5• '. • •
Ditto, Fifths • • ' • matiock 2 .• •..152 •
31:titchester, Burton.
and ,
.. • •
Manchester and SoUtlinanPt" 100
Midland .• ~• .• '

. ~•