The Sun.
London, England, 1848-08-07 00:00:00

`HE UNITED S TES
ARRIVAL OF THE LAGARA. •
LIVERPOOL, . DAY MORNING.
he fine steam-ship Niagara, Captain Ryrie,
reached this port at five o'clock this morning, com-
pleting another extraordinary passage across the At-
laitic of ten days and seventeen hours, including her
stay at Halifax. The Niagara left Boston on Wed-
nesday, July 26, and Halifax on the 28th, and brings
upwards of fifty passengers.
The steam-ship Hibernia arrived at New York on
the 21st ; the United States steamer, from Havre, at
New York, on the 25th ; the Europa, from Liverpool,
with the mails of the 15th of July, was met by the
Niagara off Boston.
Congress continued the discussion of the territorial
' Bill relating to Oregon, and the ceded Mexican
lands. The Bill reported by a Special Committee of
the Senate as being calculated to meet the existing
differences of parties in Congress on the subject,
leaves to the Legislature to be chosen in Oregon th.e
power of sanctioning the introduction of slavery. For
the southern territories, however, the Bill proposes
that the Governor and judicial officers shall be ap-
pointed by the executive at Washington, under the
sanction of the Senate, that, being Government
officers, they shall in no way interfere with the
slavery question. The Courier and inquirer, of
New York, referring to the intentions of the Bill,
says—
" The effect of these arrangements and prohibitions,
if adopted by Congress, would be to leave these two t,er-
ritories open to the settlement of slave masters with their
slaves, and to the Courts of Law, constituted by the. Pre-
sident and Senate of the United States (both now in the
interests of slavery), the faculty of deciding whether
slaves thus carried to New Mexico and California are to
be rightfully held in slavery, with an appeal from the
decisions of those Courts to the Supreme Court of the
United States.
" The sure result of this arrrangement, if sustained by
Congress, will be to plant slavery in portions of the
country acquired from Mexico, where before it was for-
bidden, and against such a use of the fruits of victory.
by a free people, all freemen everywhere, unless misle
by personal interest, must revolt. Yet we fear the deed
will be done."

. ,

Matiy conflicting reports were received from
Mexico respecting the proceedings of Paredes and the
progress of the movement against the existing Go.
vernment, but the general opinion seemed to be that
he would be unsuccessful, as neither the people nor
many of the soldiers were inclined to espouse his
cause.

From Canada there is no important news. The
provincial Government were about issuing deben-
tures in amount of five pounds and two pounds ten
shillings each, payable one year after date with in-
terest. This currency will be received in payment of
all public dues, but no interest would be allowed on
the bills till they had matured, as at the custom-
houses or elsewhere they will be received at the value
on their face without interest. The wheat crop is
described as being most flourishing in every district
of the province.
COMMERCIAL NE WS.
In New York business generally is reported dull,
and would continue so until the close of the warm
weather, and the commencement of the fall trade.
Money was scarce, however, and considerable anxiety
existed as to what course foreign exchanges WAS
likely to take, the continued extensive imports from
Europe, and the absence of a demand for bread-stuffs
aggravated by the low price of cotton, warranting the
belief that a rise of the rate above the " exporting of
specie point" would take place. The bills drawn
against the new loan will, however, most likely keep
the market down. Exchange on London was 1091 to
110, and occasionally 10*, but the last rate barely
maintained. Treasury Notes, Six per Cents.,
were 104.

The Cotton Markets in New York have become
firm, a good business had been done, and the advices,
received by the Hibernia had the effect of advancing
the prices of the lower descriptions if c. The receipts
at all the ports since the Ist of September were
2,240,000 bales, of which 1,205,000 had gone to
Great Britain. The last week's shipments to Eng-
land were 15,000 bales. The price of flour had de-
clined-4 dollars 75 cents.being the rate for common
and good brands, 5 dollars 12i cents. for superfine.
There was none shipping for Europe. The wheat
,crop was represented quite an average one, some ac-
reounts *say ing even more. Indian corn was 52c.
to 4c.
reights remained unaltered.

- _
A FEMALE KLLLED BY BER llllSBAND.—Yesterday
afternoon the neighbourhood of Cowheel-alley, White-
seross-strect, St. Luke's, was thrown ir to a state of con-
oyderable excitement in consequence of the. following
,ccurrence :—lt appeao, Mat liman, named Wm. Mer-
rick, had been for some tinitievast residing with his wife,
named Amelia Merrck. in Maideehead-court, Alden-
gate•strcef. Owing to their manner of living, they tre-
vently quarrelled, and about two o'clock yesterday af-
ternoon Merrick met his unfortunate wife in Cowheel-
Vey, and inquired the reason of her not being at home
cooking his dinner, he gave her a violent blow under the
left ear, which knocked her to the ground. In falling
her head came in contact with the palings facing one of
the tenements in the court. The poor woman, after
making two or three convulsive straggles, was noticed
to turn perfectly black in the face. She was immedi-
ately carried into one of the adjoining houses, and a
siirgt on was sent fur, who upon his arrival pronounced
life extinct. The body was therefore placed in a shell
aid conveyed to St. Luke's workhouse. The husband,
who obtained a living by jobbing at the Post office.
was taken into custody by an officer of the G division.
and removed to Featherstone-street station-house. The
deceased was about 45 years of age ; and the prisoner
is about the same age. Since his incarceration in the
station-house he has refused to take any sort of food,
and appears to lament over the untimely end of his wife.
Viscount and Viscountess Palmerston entertained
his Serene Highness Prince Lowenstein, the Earl and
Countess of Minto, and Lady Elizabeth Elliott, the
Countess of Lichfield, and Lady Harriet Anson, the
Countess Dowager of Morley, Viscount Morpeth, Lord
Howden, Lord Holland, Lady Ashley, Hon. William
Temple, Hon. William F. Cowper, Hon.,Henry Howard,
Sir George Shee, and a distinguished circle at dinner
on Saturday evening, at their residence in Carlton-
gardens. There was an assembly held by her Ladyship
after dinner.

Rear-Admiral Sir Francis A. Collier, C. 8., com-
mander in chief of the East Indies, arrived at Suez on
the 10th ultimo, on his way to Singapore. The gallant
officer had been seriously ill on board the Oriental steam-
ship, from an attack of !looping cough. On his arrival
at Alexandria his Highness Ibrahim Pacha generously
lent Sir Francis his carriage, with six horses, to carry
him across the desert. The latest accounts describe the
Admiral as very much better. On his (Sir Francis's)
arrival at Singapore, which was expected to be by the
latter end of this month, it is his intention to hoist his
flag on board the Melampus.—United Service Gazette.
ROYAL ITALIAN ONEIRA, COYENT-GARDEN.—Her
Majesty's box was occupied on Saturday evening by the
Countess of Lichfield, Mr. and Lady Anne Charters.
Among the visitors were—His Royal Highness- the
Conde de Montemolin, his Excellency the Austrian.
Ambassador, his Excellency the Danish Minister and
the Countess Reventlow, the Duke and Duchess of
Cleveland, the Duke and Duchess es Montebello,
Duchens de Coigny, the Marquis of Tichfield, Marquis
of Lansdowne, the Marchioness Dowager of Lansdowne
and Lady Mary Hood, the Countess of Morley, the
Countess Dowager of Essex and the Ladies Keppel,
the Earl of Errol, Earl of Morley, Earl of Verulam,
Countess
i wagVerisocoruLnitstli°7lwelorathnd,ViMsciosusnßt Eusbhrei'ngtVoin,s-
count Exmouth,
Viscount Templetown, Lord Henry Lennox,Lord Ward,
Lord Mountoharles, Lord Ernest Bruce, Lord sad,
Ladycot Lady Webster,leywood,Lord Ladyliaw Morgan,ardenand Miss Ward,
Scott, Brougham,
Viscount and 'Viscountess Dungarvon, Viscount and
Viscountess Sydney, Viscountess Dillon and Miss Dillon,
Hon. Mr. and Mrs. Upton, Hon. J. Fortescue,
Lady
Walpole, Lord Nugent, Lady Georgians, Cap el,
yFarraldncis aynd Lady Lawley,
LouisaNiisses Tennyson,Eurgoyne sSiirrlJlothErnei and Laadßuligeolfneesainrd thyeJas-
per and Lady Atkinson, S:rr
T.
Hare,
Sir William de
Sir Francis Stanhope, Si
Misses
Richards,x.,
pl.Hco lion.
Miss Burdett
BiAßus
rit
Blare,
eneyet
lion. Mr. and Mrs. C.
IT Murray,olonel and lion. Mrs. Fitzgibbon,
rnham, on. y Keane,
Mrs. Hay ter, Mrs
C Mills and the Misses Mills,
cßmi
joaorgtsahi.
ae
nA, SirrAsi.i
Byrne,u.r NrVa yecbbl ,tohAnSeesi SiuVs.
Captainss
l
C Cuddy, Captain
jaoprtiabiannßk
go,a ?Ili 1 er,. •
Coutts and party,
Captain
General Grosvenor, General Forbes, Colonel
n Stacey,
Martin,
H. Greville, Mrs. Norton, Mrs. Briscoe, Mrs. Mountjoy
Major anicdnMoxrs.CGaspgtaei,
Colonel Horton, Major Ponsonby, Major Ha-
milton,tam Webster, R.N., Captain Cleveland, Mr.
Fane, Mr. Beauclerk, Mr. Chichester, Mr. H. Baring,
Mr. Trelawny, tez.
Stewart,
Cap
'lns RIVAL GAUGES.—The important contest for
the lines between Salisbury and Exeter, which has been
going on for several successive sessions, has terminated
in the Committee of the Lords granting the two Bills of the
South-Western, and rejecting the mixed gauge clause
proposed by the Great Western. Thus may be considered
as ended one of the severest, most obstinately contested,
sod most expensive contests of the present session. it
is estimated that this contest will have cost the Great
Western Company nearly, or quite, 300,0001., and the
..I‘vveerset,ew;ne usuedheermsterdA, thcreoemtmo
Ittwteoeinoffavtohuer tLtrbdse
South-Western not much short of 250,0001. The Com-
mitteeu tl
has also decided to permit the narrow gauge to be laid
down by the Midland, from Stonehouse to Bristol, by
the side of the Great Western broad gauge. This will
complete the narrow gauge all the way from Bistol to
every part of the north of England. As the South-
Western will have a narrow gauge to Exeter, there only
remains the Bristol and Exeter link to complete the
entire chain of narrow gauge from the west to every
part of the kingdom. As soon is the lease is out, that
line, of course, will be put on the narrow gauge.—
IVes:ern Tinges. •

Viscount Beresford, we are happy to learnrja_re-
covering from his recent severe indibposition.
The young lady who studied medicine at Geneva
College, Pennsylvania, is now assistant physician at
Philadelphia Alms House.