The Sun.
London, England, 1846-08-14 00:00:00

Alffritilta AiIA.

LONDON, FRIDAY, AUGUST 14, 1846.

Intelligence of very remarkable interest, extending
over fifteen additional days, has just been received
through the steam-ship Cambria, after an unprece-
dented passage of twelve days and sixteen hours
from Boston. Remarkable circumstances have tran•
spired in the United States, both of a political, com-
mercial, and military character. News of a startling
nature has been received relative to the deliberations
or tle,,Adnei r',.,!n Legislature ; the fusibility of mer-
eant r:4orniati.l4,,hroughout other nations beside
G 4 at '#rgiii,u'l%, -:'... ...,.., Flemish principality ; the im-
4rolitiVcitlif: tispeedy termination to Mexican
ti
waklie;:lige4k- fur ornbatants be thwarted by some
urielifile4al.44oiy lion; and the intern 11 tranquillity
nfitii;b4:l4ori:tkif4ries. If received separately, any
one of- Wise. fragqints of information would have
autuksid itt,iteclrepeculiur importance, bat; viewed

collectively, they cannot fail to arouse an intense and
universal interest. Unfortunately the preposition for
commercial reforin introduced into the Chamber of
Representatives has not afforded that extraordinary
sentiment of satisfaction which was *entertained
throughout England towards the recent measures of
Sir ROBERT PEEL'S Administratic,n. On the
contrary, it has been received with the
most violent and determined opposition. Mr.
WEBSTER, discharged against it every missile
of invective, and remonstraeice, and ridicule,
and argument, which his ingenuity could devise or
his felicitous imagination could. accumulate. Senator
CAMERON adjured his brother 'legislators to deliberate
seriously before they arrived at any decision, as, sup-
posing the Tariff Bill received their acquiescence,
" there would arise a cry fur its repeal from one end of
the northern States to the other." Notwithstanding,
however, all this furious and systematic antagonism,
the obnoxious Bill was ultimately passed through the
Chamber of Representatives at Philadelphia, by an
infinitessimal majority of one in a House of fifty-five
individuals. Something approaching to commercial
panic has subsequently developed itself; stocks have
given unmistakeable symptoms of decline ; the money
market was visited by a temporary stagnation ; busi-
ness was generally sluggish ; and all these effects
were attributed by its antagonists to the recent ac-
ceptation of the unwelcome tariff. What appears,
on investigation, to be the principal blemish of
this measure, is the precipitate manner in
which it has evidently been concocted. Some
of the alterations are literally crudities culled
from the horn-book of political economy ; there is
an evident want of deliberate digestion throughout.
Wherever anything especially judicious is introduced
in the catalogue of reformation, it appears rather to
be an accidental excellence and a fortuitous beauty
than the result of a wise and sagacious forethought—
this, however, be it observed, merely as regards the
individual items, not with reference to the original
skeleton of the plan. In that skeleton we recognise
the skeleton of ultimate free trade ; there is a strik-
ing analogy between its character and the principles
which have gradually insinuated themselves
into the commercial code of the mother
country. Taxation reserved upon the luxuries
of existence, taxation diminished upon the neces-
saries of existence : that is the system now adopted
by the Government of the United States, and believ-
ing that the introduction of such a system will be
most conducive to the universal realisation of freedom
to trade, we are satisfied with the abstract character
of the Bill in question. As examples of the pro-
portionate extension and diminution of imposts upon
superfluities and upon articles of general consumption
in the former arrangement of customs, and in the one
which will come into operation on the first of De-
cember, 1846, we may enumerate the following :
The duties hitherto levied upon champagne, and which
may be represented as 12, will henceforth be
increased to 30; Madeira, formerly 5, now 30; pearls
and precious stones, formerly 7, now 30 ; chocolate,
formerly 12, now 20 ; and in like manner the re
mainder of the luxuries. Among the necessaries we
may instance the following :—Wrought iron spikes,
formerly 168, now 30 ; glass of various descriptions,
formerly 137, now 30; brown sugar, formerly 62,
now 30 ; silk handkerchiefs, formerly 50, now 25 ;
cottons and calicoes, formerly 50, now 25 ; and in
similar proportions throughout. Without question
the latter diminution is laudably conceived, and is
compatible with the pervading spirit of this enlight-
ened generation. As such we are inclined to welcome
the broad outlines of the present scheme, as tending
to equalise the position of the aristocrat and the ar-
tisan, and likely to promote commercial intercourse
between different nations, and to ensure the ulterior
civilisation of the inhabitants of this globe, no matter
what may be the anomalies of colour, of religion, of
locality, or of disposition. Nevertheless, it is from the
very circumstance of our satisfaction with the ge-
neral bearing of this new tariff that we are amazed,
with Mr. WEBSTER, at such an anomaly as that of
charging twenty per cent. on flaxseed and ten per
cent. on linseed, though those articles are actually
identical. That solitary circumstance would be suffi-
cient of itself to justify our condemnation of the de-
tails of a Bill in itself so particularly laudable, and to
evidence that the blemish which we have already ex-
posed was grounded upon incontestable data—
namely, that the items in the catalogue and the
apportioning of new duties are nothing less than
crudities precipitately amassed together.

Accounts from the Oregon territory are of a
most pleasing description, as far as the preservation of
amity between the British and American settlers is
concerned. It is, however, lamentable to reflect that
the dangers of the gigantic prairies still present a
terrible barrier to the propagation of civilisation.
According to the most recent sources of intel-
ligence, it would appear that seventy-five out
of two hundred and fifty persons, composing the
St. Joseph's Company, have perished upon those
flowery plains, through the pangs of drought and
contagion.
Of the position of the belligerents in the Mexican
war our readers will find a copious narrative
in other columns of The Sun, explaining
the hopelessness of any speedy termination
to the bloodshed awl commotion which have so long
desolated that unfortunate country. From the
communication written by the Secretary of War, and
officially laid before Congress, it would absolutely
appear that aggrandisement, and not retaliation, is
the object of the United States. The ambiguous
phrases contained in that document seem to
imply an expectation of extending the American re-
public in a southerly direction. General TAYLOR, on
the contrary, in the proclamation which he has re-

cently issued to the population of Mexico, declares
that war has been drawn upon themselves in
consequence of wilful indignities offered to the
" star-spangled banner." Whether serious conse-

quences may not result to the theatre in which
BOLIVAR acquired his immortality, by the rejection
of the offers of assistance made by SANTA ANNA,
time alone can testify. The friends of Mexico have
cause to tremble for the integrity of her do-
miLions. PAREDES and BRAVO will have to screw
the courage of their supporters to the stick-

ing-place if they would repulse their assailants, if
they would preserve San Juan de Ulloa from cap-
ture, and if they would recal the Yucatecas to their
jurisdiction. When Mexico is threatened in one
direction by no less than seven hundred and eighty
guns, and in another by two hundred and ninety-
eight, the Mexicans may well doubt the perpetuity of
their constitution.

The Gauge of Railways Bill on Wednesday received
its third reading in the House of Commons. The Hon.
Member for Birmingham moved th© insertion of an
additional clause for the purpose of having the entire
line from Oxford to Birmingham laid down on the
broad gauge, so as to avoid the anomaly of two dif-
ferent gauges on the same line of railway. By this
means the people of Birmingham would have the benefit
of a broad as well as a narrow gauge communication
with the metropolis, and there is little doubt that the
consequent competition and rivalry would afford an
additional protection to the public, and ensure that
moderation of charge and attention to their interests
which is so frequently wanting when the entire traffic
is in the hands of a monopolist corporation.
The clause was, however, rejected, and the
Bill passed in its original state, and in ac-
cordance with the recommendation of the Board
of Trade. If the measure was to be a final one, and
the great evil of a break of gauge was to be perpe-
tuated throughout the country, we should respect
this decision, and we think the people of Birmingham
would have just cause of complaint thereat; but
there is every reason to hope that the present Bill is
•nerely intended to be of a temporary nature, to prevent
my new difficulties being interposed in the way of
an equitable adjustment of the differences between
the rival companies, and the establishing of an uni-
formity of gauge throughout the kingdom. It has
been stated by Earl GREY that, for all practical pur-
poses, his colleagues are unanimous on the point, and
fully alive to the great national advantage
that would be attained by putting an end to the
present system, and establishing an uniform
intermediate gauge throughout the length and
breadth of the land ; there can be little doubt that
the leisure afforded by the recess win be appliedo4
the discovering of the means by which this great
abject can be obtained; and it would indeed be la-
mentable if any crude or hasty legislation should
deprive the public of the Adquitage• no invostigatiou

that has already taken place on the subject has
elicited the opinions of practical men, fully compe-
tent to arrive at a just conclusion ; and it is now
established that the difficulties which were thought
to be insurmountable can be easily encountered and
overcome at an expenditure, which, however great, is
trifling if put in competition with the corresponding
advantages. Great as are the inconveniences now expe-
rienced, they are as nothing to what must be the case
in a few short years, when the public wants will be
fully provided for, and when the points of contact be-
tween the different gauges will be greatly increased
and multiplied. A wise Administration will not be
contented with applying a temporary remedy, they
will be well aware that a state of progressive im-
provement is to be looked for, and they must
provide for the future wants as well as those
of the present time, and expect the accelerations con-
sequent upon the inventive genius of the country
being directed thereto. The immediate reduction of
the broad gauge to the same scale as the narrow
would place a great impediment in the way of these
improvements ; it would enforce a continuance in
that which is now pretty generally admitted to be a
defective system, originally selected in the infancy
of the science, without the full investigation which a
subject of such importance required, and should have
received. The question hitherto has been rather a
question between the two existing gauges, as to
which shall be perpetuated, than what it ought to
have been—an inquiry into what gauge would be
most beneficial to the nation at large, without any
reference to the lines already in existence.
Such an inquiry took place with respect
to Ireland, where railways were only starting into
existence, and the Commission unanimously recom-
mended an intermediate gauge which would afford all
the advantages to be found in either of the
present, without any of their disadvantages.
The most eminent engineers who were not
already committed by expressed opinions
concurred in the result. The evidence of Mr.
CUBITT before the Guage Commissioners is gradually
forcing conviction on, and receiving the assent of, every
unprejudiced person. He deliberately states, that a
gauge of six fee', which appears to be the best
for all practical purposes, can be attained at
a very moderate expenditure, and that there
would be no necessity for an alteration ir. the existing
tunnels, viaducts, or bridges. We doubt not that his
evidence will receive the attention and consideration
it merits, and that at the commencement of the en-
suing session the Government will be prepared with
propositions for the final settlement of the question on
a just and equitable basis.

Some of our Contemporaries are discussing the
result of the St. Alban's election, the return of Mr•
BENJAMIN BOND CABBELL, and the rejection of
Lord LISTOWEL, as if political triumph were to be
claimed for the protectionists, or public principle
declared and enunciated thereby. They are grievously
in error—no triumph was gained, save that of bribery,
—no principle proclaimed, save that the electors of
St. Alban's, will not return any man to Parliament
who does not buy his seat, and pay for their votes.
Lord LISTOWEL would not spend money iu corrup-
tion, and he prohibited his friends from doing so—he
lost his election. Mr. B. B. CABBELL found the
means for bribery ; his friends and agents used the
gold placed at their disposal most freely—he gained
his return. But the game is not yet played out. Mr.
CABBELL'S return, and a petition against that return,
both appear on the proceedings of the House of Com-
mons ; the glory and the shame, the reward and the
punishment travel together. The corruption of St.
Alban's is as notorious as the sun at noon- day. We
believe it has never been doubted ; but on the present
occasion it has been proved beyond dispute, and evi-
dence not to be controverted will establish the fact
before the.proper tribunal. We repeat that bribery
and bribery alone has triumphed at St. Alban's, and
that the only question asked by a majority of the
electors, was, " What price will you give for our
votes?" For whom the best price was given Mr.
C.A.BBELL'S return supplies the answer.

The proceedings of the Repeal Association in
Dublin on Monday ran to a great length. Before
a most numerous auditory, Mr. O'CONNELL re-
ceived fresh proofs, from various influential parties
in Ireland, of their undiminished confidence in his
governance of the great body of which he is the ac-
knowledged head.
The sacerdotal order, in particular, denounced in
hitter terms the recent unscrupulous defection of the
" physical force" members of Conciliation Hall, and
eulogised, in the warmest manner, the peaceful policy
which animates the counsel of O'CONNELL. One of the
clerical epistles contains the following caustic sentence,
which is unmistakeably applicable to Mr. S.O'BRIEsi
—" We fear for the safety of the Repeal Association,
which is imperilled by the rash speeches and reck-
less impetuosity of some sullen and sulky spirits, who
have neither the wisdom to lead, nor virtue to obey."
Mr. O'CosmELL expressed a desire that the Member
for Limerick would rejoin his ranks, but as this can
only now be done by a full renunciation of his former
egregious errors, we doubt whether so sullen and
sulky an individual would admit his peccability in
order to be reinstated in his former position.
Neither, indeed, is it a consummation devoutly to be
wished. The report of the committee appointed to
consider the case of the Nation newspaper was read.
It has been decided by them, without a dissentient
voice, that that journal shall in future be
cashiered from Conciliation Hall, and all its
tributary streams. Looking to the inflammatory
appeals which the Nation has constantly made to the
worst passions of the people, the Association is much
to be commended for guarding itself in every way
against being mixed up with the propagation of dele-
terious political doctrines. The step thus taken
augurs well for the sincerity with which the moral
force principle is upheld by the repealers at large.
Another prominent feature of the day was the en-
rolment of the Hon. CECIL LAWLESS as a member of
the Association. He has avowed himself a convert
by reason of the public letter addressed to him, not
many days back, by Mr. O'CONNELL. But the
most important part of the proceedings consisted
in the detailed exposition of O'CormuLes require-
ments from the English Parliament on behalf of Ire-
land. We must say he has drawn out a pretty long
list of palliatives for the wrongs of his country
They may be thus briefly capitulated :—There must
be no endowment of the Roman Catholic clergy—
the mortmain clause in the Bequests Act must be got
rid of—the charter of the national schools, the " In-
fidel Colleges" Act, and the Marriage Act must be
severally revised—chapels in the different work-
houses to be established—an equitable appropriation
of the revenues of the Established Church—
the number of representatives to be in-
creased—the elective franchise to be extended—
the municipal corporations to be assimilated to those
of England and Scotland, with the appointment of
sheriffs to be vested in them; and, lastly, a good
landlord and tenant Bill. Such is the bill of fare
tendered to the Government; it seems to contain
every political dainty. It is something for the
Ministry to have such a choice. Several sessions
must be exhausted before they can taste and digest
the whole of these select viands. In the meanwhile
they will have the advantage of dining yearly a la
carte. For our own part, we hope the Executive will
deal with the bill of fare in the inverse order in
which it is written out. Let us first address
ourselves to the task of effecting political equality
between the emerald isle and Great Britain, and
when we shall have succeeded in this respect, we can
turn our minds with greater advantage to redress
whatever of religious inequality there may be be-
tween the two countries. The public mind just now
seems fairly attuned to the necessity of reforming the
civil institutions of Ireland, and it would not be wise
to mar this good feeling by stirring up anew the reli-
gious animosities which so disgracefully checked the
reforming career of the Governments of Lords
GREY and MELBOURNE. We collected from the
speech which Lord JOHN RussELL made,
when called upon by Mr. DuNcosinz to ex•
plain the principles on which he intended to

carry on the Government, that his Lordship consi-
dered it most advisable in the present state of parties,
and especially for the welfare of Ireland, that all poli-
tical questions relating to that country should be
kept as widely separate as possible from those of a
strictly religious character. Whatever, then, may be
the disfavour with which many of the Irish may

view their religious position, when compared with our
own, we think that now that Mr. O'CONNELL
intends to give his support to the Admi-
nistration, no more hurtful course could be pursued
towards Ireland than that of prematurely forcing the
vexatos qucestiones of ecclesiastical polity. We feel
convinced that repeal never will be carried, but if it
ever is to be, it must be exclusively upon its own
merits. If these can be fairly made out, the advo-
cates for repeal cannot be indifferent to the advan-
tages of enlarged political power and improved civil
institutions, and in this light, if in none other, the
future benefit to themselves of strengthening the
hands of the Government, whose declared intentions

towards Ireland are so consolatory, must, or ought to
be quite apparent. We shall learn with re 'ret that
the Irish Liberal Members take a different view of
this matter from ourselves.

Accounts have been received from Constantinople
of the 27th, and from Athens of the 30th ult. MEHE-
MET ALI was at the SULTAN'S country house at
Therapis. He intends making the tour of Europe
before returning to Egypt. Sir STRATFORD CAN-
NING, Who left Constantinople on the 26th, had before
his departure presented a note to the Porte, remon-
strating against the re-appointment of RizA. PACHA,
against whom charges of peculation had been recently
clearly substantiated.
The treaty of commerce between Greece and Ha-
nover has been ratified, and on the occasion the King
of HANovEtt conferred the grand cordon of the
Guelphic order on MM. COLETTI and CANARD, the
Greek Ministers.

The differences between the States of Holstein and
the King of DENMARK, on the subject of the suc-
cession to the throne, still continues. The Members
of the States have resolved to engage in no business
until they have adopted the necessary measures to
protest against the KING'S letters patent, and as,
owing to the obstacles thrown in their way by the
Danish Government, it was impcsible for them to do
this, the Members have withdrawn altogether, thus
bringing the session to an unexpected termination.
The Nurernburgh Correspondent says :

"All the Agnats of the Duehy have sent a protest to Co-
penhagen. It is tlwught that the divorce of the Prince Royal
of Denmark will take place. The Prince proposes to con-
tract a third marriage in the hope of having an heir. The
Danes are wrong in talking of an unique monarchy, as no
such monarchy exists. Schleswig is a sovereign Duchy,
whilst Holstein and Lauenbourg are German Duchies. These
three Duchies have nothing in common with Denmark, ex-
cept the circumstance that they are under the King of Den-
mark, who bears the title of Duke. The Royal Commission
attaches great importance to what was done under Frederic
IV. The statute of succession of Frederic 111. to Schleswig-
Ilulh tein was confined to the male line only, while the same
sovereign established for the succession to the throne of Den-
mark both the male and the female line. The right of suc-
cession of the line of Ploen is contested, and it is sought to
prove that the line of amderburg has renounced."

Intelligence from Rome of the Ist instant has
been received. Notwithstanding he was suffering
from an attack of the gout, Cardinal Giza was still
engaged in planning measures for the reform of the
administrative abuses, from the existence of which
Rome has so long suffered. He intends shortly to
publish a full Ministerial fxposi, of the present state
of affairs ; and the Pore has announced his deter-
mination to make known annually the exact state of
the finances.

Several Italian exiles in France have taken advan-
tage of the amnesty, and have set out on their re-
turn to their country. They received thirty francs
each from the French Government for their travel-
ling expenses to the frontier; and on their arrival
there, a further sum was given them out of funds
provided by the Papal Government.

Madrid papers of the 6th inst. have been received.
The troops on the Portuguese frontier continued to
desert in great numbers. In the provinces several
incendiary fires have taken place, by which a consi-
derable amount of property has been destroyed. The
directors of the Bank of Isabella 11. have declared a
dividend of two-and-a-half per cent. on the nominal
capital (equal to five per cent. on the capital paid
up) for the half-year ending in June last.

MAIM), BOLE A, MAY 6.—The Three per Cents. were done
at 33% for cash, the Five per Cents. at 23, the Four per
Cents. at 213 A, the Passive at 6%, and the Coupons not to
be capitalised at 20.

We have received the Paris papers of Tuesday.
_ _

1 _
Duke PASQUIER was engaged on Monday in the
examination of JOSEPH HENRY, at the Conciergerie.
HENRY was taken on Tuesday morning, under a
strong military escort, to the garden of the Tuileries,
where he pointed out the exaet spot where he stood,
and the direction in which he fired. The Debats
states that the pistols used by HENRY were not the
common pocket pistols called coups de poing, which
only 'carry from six to fifteen paces at most. They
have been tried by two experienced persons, M.
MOUTIER LEPAGE, the gunsmith, and a captain of
Artillery from Vincennes. It has resulted, from
several experiments made at different distances, that
at 100 metres (331 feet) a ball struck the wall, but
without precision. At 60 metres (nearly 200 feet) a
ball passed through a plank from two to three centi-
metres (about an inch) thick. At the same distance
a leaden slug passed through the plank, and could not
be found. At 35 and at 40 metres (120 to 130 feet)
the balls passed through the plank, and were beaten
flat against a wall at some paces distant from it. The
experiments were repeated ten or twelve times, and
with the same results. M. LAPLAGNE BARRIS has
been appointed by the Chancellor to draw up the
report, which will be presented to the Chamber of
Peers in their sitting on Monday next.
The Moniteur has just published a report on
the commerce of Algeria in 1844. The total
amount of the commercial operations of the
colony was 91,000,000 f., of which 83,000,000 f.
were imports, and 8,000,000 f. exports. This
amount far exceeds any former return. Out of the

83,000.000 f. of merchandise imported, 80,000,0001.
were consumed in Algeria, of which 47,000,000 f.
were of French, and 33,000,000 f. of foreign produc-
tion. The amount of goods imported liable to duty
was 5,500,000 f. The tariffs applied to the
French possessions in Africa are far from being ex-
orbitant, and are not levied too much with a view to
protection, since it will be seen that the value of
merchandise exempt from duty exceeds by 62 per
cent. those subject to duty, and that there is imported
into Algeria 40 per cent. of foreign merchandise.
The export of native produce of Algeria only amounts
to about 3,272,000 f., the remainder of the 8,000,000 f.
being made up of foreign merchandise re-exported.
The exports to Algeria show a continued progress.
Out of 11,000,000 f. worth of cotton goods, for in-
stance, France sends for 8,500,000 f.
Accounts from Algiers of the sth state that M.
SALVANDY had embarked at Djemma-Ghazaouat for
France. Negotiations are pending with ADD-EL-
KADER for an exchange of prisoners. On this sub-
ject we find the following in the Memorial des
Pyrinees

" We
announced,
thbaadt
receivedtbe fam family of
Lieutenant-Colonel
Caelnrou
that officer a letter, mentioning that a proposition for an ex-
change of prisoners had been addressed by Abd•el-Kader to
bey dadsd Cogainnoered
General Cavaignac. We have now the satisfaction
to add,
that Marshal Bugeaud has confided this delicate negotiation
to the French Consul-General at Tangiers, with instructions
giving him the greatest possible latitude. The Governor-
General of Algeria has made known these facts to the fa-
mily of Colonel de Cognord, adding a hope that he should
soon have to announce to them the restoration to liberty of
that gallant officer and of his heroic companions in mis-
fortune. We also learn that the Queen has deigned to state
in reply to a letter written to her Majesty on the subject by
Madame de Cognord, that she personally felt the most lively
sympathy in the fate of those gallant captives, and that the
King, to whom she had communicated the letter, shared
in the same sentiments, and had recommended int ne most
pressing manner to the Minister of War that every ex-
ertion should be made to restore them to liberty as soon as
possible."

- ----
England to obtain information as
The Presse states that the French Government has
to the working of
dispatched one of the directors of the Post-office to
the system of tht, penny postage.
The Three per Cents, closed on the Paris Bourse, on Tues-
day, at 83t. 75c. ; the Five per Cents., 122 f. 30c. ; the Orleans
Railroad Shares. 1,2711. 25c. ; Rouen, 967 f. 50c.; Havre,
700 f. ; Great Northern, 708 f. 75c.; Avignon, 895 f. ; Vierzon,
627 f. 50c.; Bordeaux, 562 f. 50c. ; Basle,
4151. • Paris and Strasbourg, 497 f 50c • Tours and Nantes,
• • , 220 f.; Fampoux,
507 f. 'soc. ; Paris and Lsons, 521 f. 95c. ; Lyons and Avignon,
~492 f. 50c. ; Bordeaux and Cettee, 485 f. ; Spanish Three per
Cents., 36%.
BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE'
Boulog,ne and Amiens, 12% Bordeaux, Toulouse, and Cette
and Strasbourg Constituted, 4'
(Mackenzie), IN—Dutch Rhenish,— 5% —East Indian, % —Great
Western Bengal. 'A—Louvain a la Sambre, 11,4—Luxembourg, 13i
—Madrid and Valentia, 1- Namur and Liege, 3—Northern of France
Constituted, 12!4—Orleaus and Bordeaux. B—Over Yssel, 2% die.—
A.UGVST 12.
Paris and Lyons Constituted ”¢ —Paris and Rouen. 37% Paris
. —Tours and Nantels Constituted,
4)y—West Flanders, 3%

EXTRAORDINARY LOW TIDD.—On Tuesday stud.' was
the low state of the tide, that Jeverai of the steamers
got aground between Waterloo and Blackfrius-bridges, to
the no small dismay of the passengeze.

MONEY and COMMERCIAL NEWS.
(From The Sun of Last Night.)
The Cotton Market at Liverpool s-..-t,-.rday was without
alteration. Sales, 4,000 to 5,000 bales early all American.
Shares were rather dull.

There was one incident noticed at 1. annual meeting of
the General Shipowner's Society, he.d at the Hall of Com-
merce, which eeserves a notice, and aso reprobation. We
allude to a most unseemly influx of a number of persons into
the hall, while Lord George Bentinck was addressing the
meeting, who in the most ungentlemanly manner created a
noise by frivolities, and by hissing. We are not among
those who would wish to see public feeling thus demon-
strated in opposition to public men's speeches, where
all is (air and above board. In ibis case, too,
the intruders were not shipowners. It was a meeting called
expressly by the shipowners of Great Britain, and the in-
truders had no right there. Among some of the most noisy
of the latter, were not a few "stags," and other well known
gentlemen of the same kidney, who locate from eleven to
three principally in the vicinity of Capel-court, the Auction
Mart, &c. Besides, had tho.,e persons been present early, they
would have heard the chairman distinctly affirm that the
appearance of his Lordship at that meeting was wholly irre-
spective of his political position elsewhere, but as Member
for a sea-port he was anxious to learn how best he could aid
measures that might increase the prosperity of the best.
bulwarks of our country. When his Lordship finished his
address, the ill bred lot rushed out in just as unseemly a
manner as they entered. The chairman did not think him-
selfjustified in calling such intruders to order.
There has been a favourable impression excited by the
news received this morning of the American tariff having
passed.

Among the items of Canadian intelligence, none are more
important than those which relate to the crops, and upon
this subject, under date of July 27th, from Quebec, we are
advised as follows

"The potato crops have been suffei ing by drought, and in
some places the stalks were fading. Generally they still look
well. Sonic early sown ones are as large as an egg, and fit
or the table. There is no certainty of the blight having as
yet appeared in this part of the country. Neither has the
fly been observed in the early sown spring wheat, which is
now changing colour. The small samples of fall wheat
sown arc nearly fit for the sickle, and have met with no
accident.

"The reports from the district of Montreal give reason
to believe that the fly is doing considerable injury to the
spring wheat. The sort called Black Sea wheat is not
exempt. It is stated that the blight has made its appear-
ance in the potato fields in some part of the district of
Montreal. The barley, which has been sown to a great
extent since the failure of the wheat crops for fourteen
pr,..rs past, is said to be good and ripe; the oats abundant;
but the bay crop
•' The markets continue high excepting for flour, the supply
from the westward having been great, and the uncertainty
or ti.e markets in England with the late change in the corn-
laws having given little hope of a high price. Much will
depend oil the result of the harvests in America and Europe
for the present year, on which there must be, for some time
to come, a state of uncertainty."
Accounts of May 23, from the Cape of Good Hope, state
that our troops had had some dashing affairs with the Kafirs
on the frontier, and that the colonists themselves achibited
the utmost intrepidity and energy. In fact, great as the loss
of property must be, the tide is now turning against the
Katirs, and they will, no doubt, soon be wholly subdued.
Unfortunately they can but make poor amends in kind for the
injury done to the farmers.
The Consol Market has receded a fraction this morning,
and the market altogether looks gloomy. The American
news is of a satisfactory character, taken altogether. For
account the only price is 95%, but for immediate transfer
the quotation has fallen from 95% to 95%. The Three per
Cents. Reduced were heavy, at 96 ; and the New Three-
and-a-Quarter p,:r Cents. at 9734. fhe premium upon EX-
chequer-bills has rallied to a slight extent, having been
quoted at 12.. For India Bonds the current value is 20s.
premium, and for East India Stock, 259.
Brazilian Stock has improved this morning from 88 to 90,
Mexican to 24 for Account, and Portuguese Four per Cents.
for Account, from 42 to 431,4. Russian Bonds have been sold
at 112%2. Spanish Consols are the same as to value as they
were yesterday, 253/. The Three per Cents, are rather flat at
3614, the Dutch Four-and-a-Half per Cents. at 98, the Two-
and• a-Half per Cents. at 5934, and the Four per Cents.
at 9415.

Theinarket for the Railway Shares has no peculiar feature
about it this morning. Prices are not firm. Great Westerns
and Brightuns have improved.

ONE
O'CLOCK.

BIUTISII FUNDS.

CLOSING
PRICES.
Bank Stock .. .
Three per Cent. Reduced Annuities .. .. 96% % 96%
Three per Cent. Consols Annuities .. .. 95%76 % 9534
New Three-and-a-Quarter per Cent. Anus. 98 97% 97%
I ong Annuities, Expire Jan. 5,1860 .. 10% 7-16 10 7-16
India Stock .. .. • .. .. ~. .. 259 259
India Bonds, 1,000/. .. .. .. .. .. - -
Ditto. under 1,000/. .. .. - .. 20 22
South Sea Stock .. .. . .. ~ _ - -
Ditto Old Annuities . .. .. 95% 95%
Consuls for Account - .. - .. .. 9536 95%
Exchequer Bills. 13%d. 1 %d.
1,0001. - .. - •• • . 12 812 - pm. 12
5001. - - -•. 12 -- - pm. 12
Ditto. Sinall - •• •• 12 9- - pin. 9
ONE CLOSING
FOREIGN FINDS. O'CLOCK. PRICES.
Brazilian Bonds, 5 per Cent .. .. 90 90
Ditto, Small .. .. .. .. .. -- 87%
Mexican Maids, Old, 5 per Cent .. 20% ex div 20%
Ditto, 1846, 5 per Cent .. - .. 23% 23.4
Ditto, for the Account .. .. .. 24 23%
Portuguese Four per Cent .. .. -
Ditto. for the Account .. .. .. 42 43%
Ditto, 3 per Cent .. .. • • • • -
Russian Bonds .. .. •• .. .. 112%
t3panisti Bonds, 5 per Cent .. .. -
Ditto, for the Account .. .. .. 25%
Ditto, Three per Cent .. • • .. 36%
Ditto, for the Account .. .. .. -
Dividends on the above payable in tendon.
Belgian Four-and-a-Half per Cent .. 98 98
Dutch Two-and-a-Halt per Cent .. 5934 59%
Ditto, 4 per Cent. Certificates .. 94% 93%
BUSINESS
CLOSING
PAID. DONE AT PRICES.
ONE O'CLOCK.
Aberdeen.. .. .. .. .. .. 15 .... 98% ........ 8%
Birmingham and Gloucester.. ..100 .. .. 130% •• .. 130%
Ditto, New (issed at 7% dis.).. 17% ... 32%
Birmingham and Oxford Junction 2 .... 76% 7% - . 7%
Buckinghamshire .. .. .. .. 425. .... 4 di5....... % dis.
Caledonian •• •• .. .. 20 .... 15% .. 15%
Cambridge and Oxford .. .. .. 1% - - % .......... I/2
Chester and Holyhead .. .. .. 27% .... - •••••• .. •• •• 26%
Direct Northern .. .. .. . 2%.... - ........ _ 1%
Eastern Counties .. .. .. 141. 165..... 23% % ...... • . 23%
Ditto New .. .. .. .. 10/. 1G5..... 8p • ......... 7% p
Do. Perpet., 5 per Cent. No. 1.61. 13s. 4d. - •• --• • .. % p
Ditto, York Extension .. .. 10s. .... 2% % ...... • '2%
Edinburgh and Glasgow .. .. 50 .... 74 .... ••• • .. 74
Edinburgh and Perth .. .. 3 .... 3 ....... ... 3
Great Southern & West. (Ireland) 25 .... 29% ....... •.. 29%
Great Western .. .. .. .. 85 ....150 152 ........ 152
Ditto. Quarter Shares .. .. 10 .... 24% 24 25.•,. 23%
Hull and Selby .. .. .. .• 50 ....107 •• • • 107
Leeds anal Bradford .. .. .. 26 -.. 68 .......... 68
Leicester and Bedford .. .. .. 225..... % dis •• % dis.
Leicester, Tamworth, &c. .. .. 425. •• .. % di5....... % di,
London and Birmingham . • • 100 .. •• - ••.- • • • . 225%
Ditto, Thirds .. .. .. .. 32 .. - - .. ••. • • ... 71
Ditto, Quarters .• . .. .. 2 .... 29% .. • .. 29%
Ditto, Fifths .. .. .. .. 2 .... 2534 .... ...... 25%
London and Blackwell .. 16/. 13s. 4d. 8%. •• • • ... 8%
London and Brighton .. .. .. 50 -. 65 64% 65% .. 65%
London and South-Western -41/. 6s. 10d... 75 .......... 75
Ditto, New .. .. .. .. 17% .... 27% .......... 27%
London and York .. .. .. .. 2% •• .. 2% .......• •• 2%
Lynn and Ely .. .. .. .. 15 . .... 15% • 15%
Manchester and Leeds .. .. • • 82 .... . - -
Ditto, Quarters .. .. .. 2 .... 8% 9
Ditto, Fifths .. .. .. .. 3 .... 11 •• . -

PRICES OF
RAILWAY SHARES.

Ditto Extension .. .. .. 425. .. .. 2%, p 2% p
Manchester and Birmingham .. 40 . .. 85 ...... • ... 85
Ditto, Quarter Shares (A) • • 5 .... .... • ..... 15%
Ditto, Quarter Shares (B • • 5 .... 15%).6 • •
Manchester, Buxton, & Matlock 425..... 11‘ 1 p .. 1 p
Manchester and Southampton .. 2 .... 1% .......... 1%
Midia-td •.. . .. .. .. ..100 .... 141 139.......• 139
_. __

Ditto, New .. 24 .. .. 37 .. .....
Newcastle and Darlington Janet. 25 .. • . 43 44 ......
Ditto, New . 1 .... 11% ..
Newcastle and Berwick .. .. 15 .... 284
North British .• .. • • 25 .. • • 381434........ • • ......
Ditto, Hal: Shares .. • • 8% .. • • 13% 14 ......
Ditto Fifths.. 5 .... 714. . . .
Ditto, Carlisle Extension .. .... 3}4 %
North Kent an .I Direct Dover • • 2Y, .... 1% ..........
North Staffordshire .. • • • • 425. .. %a 4 p....
No rthmpton,Banbury Chelthm. 2 .. • . •
Oxford,Worcest.,& Wolverhinptn. 121,i .... 8 • • 8
Preston and Wyre .. • • •• 23 .... 35% • • 35%
Scottish Central .. . 121.... 1834 .••.. • • • • 1814
Scottish Midland .. .. 10 .... —6%
Shrewsbury and Birmingham .. 2%..,. 3% 4 . • 3
Shropshire Union .. 428. % dm.
South Midland .. 425. ...•sq %P•• • • • • %•P
South Eastern and Dovor .. •• 33 .. • . 4414, • • 44%
Do., New (do. 15/.) .. No. 4. 2%.... 3% 14 ........ 3 4
South Wales .. • • • • • • 5 .• • • 3% 44 4 • • 4
Swans. & Loughor & Cameron's . • 2 3
Vale of Neath . • • • 2 • . 1 ..........
Waterford and Kilkenny.. 8 _
Welsh Midland .. • • • • 2 . • h
1 .......
West Riding Union • • • - 425..45i..
....314 p
York asd North Midland 50
Ditto. Extension • • • . .. 20 .... 3834..........
Do. E and W. Riding Exten... 1 13%

3674
421 A
11%
28'4
3834
14
7►4
3.11%
p

FOREIGN RAILWAYS.
Boulogne and Amiens .. 14 .... 12% .• .....
Bord., Toul., & Cette (Mackenzie) 2 .... 1% .
Ditto, ditto (Espelete) .. 2 .... 1 .....
Dutch Rhenish .. 6 6 ...
East In .• • • • • ss. •• • • .......
Jamaica South Midland Junction 1 ..........
Luxembourg .. .. 4 .... 114 %
Northern of France Constituted.. 5 1234 • •
Paris and Lyons Constituted .. 5 .... 5 ..........
MINES.

INi
3
1
3% P

Real del Monte, Unrezistered , ••
EIIRATUM.—In yesterday's List, read Manchester and Birmingham
(C) 10% %, instead of 10% % 10.

LLOYD'S SHIPPING.

LONDON, Auo. 13.—Wind S.S.W , moderate breeze, and cloudy.
DEAL, AUG. 12. Wind S.S.E., very light. Arrd. Brunette,
Cousins, Ceylon ; Richard, Edwards, Mauritius; Orynthia, Watson,
St. John's. New Brunswick ; Albion, Quebec ; Mary, Jamisen, for
Naples ; EU), Tatte, for Malta.

OFF SALCOMBE, Aug. 10.—Grant, Warning, St. Croix, for Copen-
hagen;, Mariner, Richebneto, for London; Falcon, ditto, for Hull;
}...mperor, New Orleans, for Havre ; Humber, St. Andrew's ; National,
Rio Janiero, for Antwerp.
LIVERPOOL, AUG. 12.—The Erin, Conway, from Liverpool to
Quebec, was destroyed by fire on the 17th ult., off the Bay of Islands,
her cargo (coals) having ignited; crew arrived at Quebec. The
Brown, Tulloch, bound to Hartlepool, put back to Quebec 20th ult.,
waterlogged, having been on shore. The United Kingdom, Teulon,
from New York to Quebec, went on shore at White Head, near
Arichat, 20th ult. ; was got off on the 24th, take;; into harbour,
grounded and bilged, and would be condemned. The Tenados,
Graham, from 3liramichi to Newcastle, was wrecked 27th June
near St. Peters; cargo and materials saved.
YARMOUTH, Ace. 11.—The Alster, Smith, from Seaham to London,
which was on the Newcomb Sand Bth Inst., and afterwards got off,
leaky, has been towed into the harbour.

ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.—The arrival of the India mail was an-
nounced at Lloyd's on WeCnesday by means of the electric tele-
graph just completed upon the South-Eastern Railway. The mail
was not delivered until the afternoon. Similar communications, and
reports of accidents and loss of vessels, will in future be received at
Lloyd's through the same channel.
RELATING TO THE IDUNA AND FALCON.—A dispatch has been re-
ceived at Lloyd's yesterday from the Admiralty, announcing, that
at the request of Lloyd's agent at Port Patrick, Commander Hawes,
R.N., conducting the Mail Packet Station there, had dispatched her
I Majesty'sajesy s
ship
A sp, steam-packettogo
trhiekrowtiot
with
the
the
assistance s
of
ff
tt
hit
o
e establishment brig d u naof
Christianstadt, which had run on shore in a thick fog; and also her
.N
to the assistance of the Falcon steam vessel, which, with a valuable'
cargo and about three hundred passengers, had, during the dense fog,
run on shore cn Clanyard Bay. Both vessels were assisted off, and
t
into a place of safety.

THE NELSON LETTERS AND DISPATCHES. -The
seventh and concluding volume of the above national work,
is published this day by Mr. Coiburn, and may be had of all
booksellers. The following are also now ready :-2. Peters-
burgh and Moscow, a Visit to the Court of the Czar, by
Richard Southwell Bourke, Esq., 2 vols.-3. Vol. IX. of
Agnes Strickland's Lives of the Queens of England, compris-
ing Mary of Modena, Consort of James If —4. flochelaga,
or England in the New World, Edited by Eliot Warburton,
Esq., author of "The Crescent and the Cross." 2 vols. small
Bvo.-5. Horace Walpole's Memoirs of the Reign of George
the Second, Edited by the late Lord Holland, now printed for
the first time in the Bvo. form, in 3 vols., with portraits, 365.
bound.

'1.,!".;!'"1.)INO TN 71.7:7 1111,-) pi.St
of July seventeen persons have been imprisoned, for sleeping
at night in the plantations of Hyde Park, numbers making it
heir sightly restiog-place.