The Sun.
London, England, 1841-10-12 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY, OCTOBER 12, 1841.

standard. His panacea for our distress is in an-
other Bank Restriction Act, to carry us through.
the same vicissitudes of temporary prosperity,
national bankruptcy, and the permanent degra-
dation of the people as the other. His Lordship
is as enthusiastic in favour of unredeemable
promises to pay, as ever was Mr. IRVING for the
unknown tongues, or Mr. OWEN for his new plan
of society.
The Noble Lord says:—
" Protect the Bank in administering to the commer-
cial wants of the country ; distress would vanish, the re-
venue recover, all would again be alive. It is as neces-
sary now as when Mr. Pitt threw his shield over the
Bank, why should it occasion alarm ? The Bank would
be just as solvent with closed doors as it is in its present
state."
We turn over to the next page, and we find
the Noble Lord asserts :

" I will only submit one further opinion to your consi-
deration. I think that the fixing the price of gold arbi-
trarily at 31. 17s. lOid. an ounce clearly must bring
down, or rather keep down, the price of the products of
labour, and labour itself, to the same proportionate low
standard withgold itself. I say must, unless counteracted,
as it is to a certain degree by paper, and that variation
in value between the paper and gold BILTST make the cur-
rency unsteady and insufficient."
The Noble Lord, however, while the Legis-
lature has passed a law to keep down the price
of the products of labourers and of labour itself,
iucists on maintaining another law which is ex-
pressly intended to exempt, as Lord STANLEY
proved, the price of agricultural produce from
the operation of this law, and keep it high when
the gold law beats down all other prices. Now,
Lord WESTERN forgets to tell the public that
the same landlords who made the one law made
the other. They did not do this blindly ; they
knew'
,vhat they were about, as Sir J. GRAHAM
has teal.."fied in the following passage :
i( The landowners," he said, writing in 18:26,
"BARGAINED IN THE LAST SESSION WITH THE
KING'S MINISTZRS TO SUPPORT A FARTHBR
CONTRACTION OF TB_R CURRENCY, ON THE CON=

DITION THAT THE GovfIINMENT DID NOT DE-
STROY THEIR MONOPOLY B:r A REPEAL OF THE

Conx-LAws."
They actually bargained away the rights and
liberties of the people—for a free trade in money
is one of those rights—in order to be allolved to
retain the monopoly. The contraction of the
currency, which Lord WESTERN condemns, was,
in fact, an act of the law-making landlords, and
they consented to make it on condition that it
was not to affect them. These are the honour-
able, high-minded, opulent, independent land-
owners of England—such are our law-makers
and the leaders of society ! When they are im-
mersed in such a quagmire of profligate disho-
nesty, how can the multitude, who follow them,
stand on the firm ground of honesty, rectitude,
and frugality ? The worst effect of their abomi-
nable conduct is its corrupting influence on the
whole society.

The British public may very naturally wish to
be informed of the light in which our struggle
with China is regarded by the French Press. To
gratify public curiosity in this respect, we quote
the following article from the Courrier Fran-
cais. We shall make no comment upon it, other
than to observe, that we have not heard of any
iefusal on the part of our gallant sailors in the
Chinese seas, to proceed to any part of the coast
indicated by the Commander-in-Chief of the ex-
pedition. With respect to the ultimate results of
' the expedition, we may be pardoned if we think
it rather soon to discuss them :
" The conflict of the British forces with the Chinese
troops brings to mind the wonders effected in the con-
quest of Mexico by ernand Cortez. The Chinese are
not better armed than tile Mexicans were, and their Em-
peror is far from showing the courage of Guatimozin.
Whilst the English are cannonading his towns, he is
amusing himself with deciSions as to the proper length of
the silk gowns and tunics of his Generals. It is evident
from the accounts which have reached us, tha::. 10,000
Europeans, backed by a respectable fleet, and well pror;fled
with ammunition and stores, would be alule4o march
through China without difficulty, and .to levy contribu-
tions upon its 300,000,000 of inhabitants. Tho English,
however, will not attempt this gigantic enterprise. Of what
use would it be for them to take what they could not
keep. According to the Bombay Gazette, the expedition,
after having taken possession of Amoy, will tpr4pceed to
Ning-po, and from thence to Pekin. The seetsiqupp*ears
to us to be too advanced and the force to aniall,„for such
an expedition. It is possible that Amoy may, he taken
possession of, and that Ning-po, which commandi, the
mouth of the great river and the Gulf of Nanl4n, may
be insulted, or a ransom be demanded froinitacir%tig-
po is not much farther from Canton than thb islind of
Chusan, which has been already occupied by Admiral
Elliot. But Pelciu is situated at the extremity of China,
five or six hundred leagues to the north of Canton, and
already have the crews of the ships, dreading„the storms
which are so violent in the Chinese seas, refused to take
that course. In an attack upon Amoy or Ning-po the fleet
could support the land forces; but this would not be the
case with an expedition against the city of Pekin. In
order to attack the Emperor in the seat of his power,
there must be a force large enough to occupy the inter-
mediate positions, and to secure a communication with
the sea. This could not be done with the force under
the command of Sir James Bremer, which d. not ainount
to more than 3;000 land troops. The war of the English
against China will produce them, perhaps, in the form
of contributions, a sum equal to its expense. They
may, moreover, take up a position on the coast which
may put the trade of this part of the world entirely
in their hands. We question, however, vvhethet they
wiit be able to triumph over the inert resistance which
is Abpposed to them, and which will leng continue
to be opposed to them, by the peculiar civilisa-
tion of the Chinese. This civilisation has a horror
of foreigners, and does not even permit iutercourse
with their conquerors. We see the English masters of
the approaches to Canton, and levying a contribution
upon the city, but not daring to enter it, and establish
themselves there. All that will result to Europe from
so imposing an expedition will be a more correct plan of
the coasts of China, but we shall know nothing more
than we now know of the customs, public and private, of
this singular people. The Chinese have proved that
their guns do not reach the mark ; and we have seen
them fighting with their swords and bucklers like the
Tartars of the twelfth century ; but as to everything
else,. we derive no more information from the English
expedition than the missionaries and other travellerS
have told us. The wall, which separates China from
civilised Europe, opposes an invincible repugnance to
contact with us ; it seems to be a barrier which recedes
from us, as we advance with the hope of surmounting it."

%Ve are indebted to the Morning Post for the
subjoined late and interesting news from China.
Our Contemporary supposes that it was omitted
in the parcel sent from Marseilles. This is not
improbable, seeing that the intelligence it brings
only reached Bombay on the Ist of September,
after the Mails describing the capitulation of Can-
ton, and its evacuation by the British troops, were
made up. We may further observe, that as
this news is not of an exciting character,
it is reasonable to suppose that very little regard
was paid to it at Bombay, in the midst of the
excitement occasioned by the transmission of
more stirring accounts from China. It represents
exactly such a state of things as Captain ELLIOT'S
imbecility had fully prepared us for. This misera-
ble Plenipotentary, by his petty manoeuvres, is
teaching the Chinese the art of British warfare,
so that by the time the next expedition arrives
before Canton it will have to encounter, in addi-
tion to Chinese numbers, the rudiments f Bri-
tish science. For the authenticity of the sub-
joined intelligence the Post is responsible. We
may, however, adi, that we entertain no doubts
upon the subject : _ _ _

. _
BOMBAY, SEPT. 2.—The non-arrival of the Calcutta
mail, and consequent detention of the steamer for another
day, enables me to append ten days' later intelligence
from China, brought by the Castle Huntley, which ar-
rived here yesterday afternoon, from Macao the 29th of
June. Matters remain in precisely the same state as at
the date of the previous despatches. Everything con-
tinued quiet ; and, although Captain Elliot had declared
it unsafe for British ships to remain at Whampoa, several
vessels were there discharging their cargoes, in defiance
of this warning, and several British subjects were in Can-
ton, the Chinese granting chops to English ships as
readily as to others.
The following is an extract from a letter dated Macao,
June 28:—

" The ships of war are very sickly, and the general
opinion is that the expedition will not go to Pekin this
year, but that they will content themselves with Amoy
and Ningpo. Captain Elliot has sold allotments of land
at Hong Kong, and he has recommended all British
ships to go there. There are one or two °ciodovvns finished,
and some cotton has been stored there, but the Chinese
say that no men of capital among them will go there,
because the Emperor disapproves of the cession of the
island, and would squeeze them and their families so.
verely ; so that I imagine the place, for the present, will
be only a smuggling station, a good place to store opium.
" The Commodore, Sir Gordon Bremer, is said to be
chief or joint Plenipotentiary, but that does not mend
matters, as he will be led in all things by Elliot. Men
of ability must surely be scarce in England that they
cannot spare us one to affect a speedy settlement of the
good question. I really begin to despair."
The news of the appointment of Sir Henry Pottinger
as Plenipotentiary had not reached China by the latest
accounts. Commodore Bremer and Sir Hugh Gough
had both left 3TaCito fvr Hog Kong.

(From the Canton Press, June 26.)
By the latest accounts from Canton everything there
continued quiet, but although some British as well as
American merchants continued to reside there, no
trade of any amount could be carried on The Hong
merchants refused to purchase imports, and also
to secure the British ship, Simon Taylor, arrived at
Whampoa, after the attack on the city. Her con-
signees have, we are informed, addressed a petition to
the Hoppo, with what success
.we have not learned.
Only a very few shipments had been made to the ships at
Whampoa, and these were chiefly of green teas for the
American market. Should the Chinese continue to refuse
to secure British ships, and by this means force the trade
into the hands of neutrals, we fancy that a blockade of the
river will become a necessary measure. A great scarcity of
money prevails at Canton and Fashan, and great distress
among the labouring classes. It is said, however, that the
Government is active in repairing the defences of the
river, and that the fortresses the Chinese recovered by
the late treaty are being again put into a state of effi-
ciency. Wangtung, which was not destroyed by the
English, on.returning that fortress to the Chinese, has,
by the latter again been garrisoned, and we hear that
several Macao, lighters have lately been fired at from
that fort on going up the river.
" The health of both soldiers and sailors, which had
suffered so severely during their gallant attack on Can-
ton, by hard duty and exposure to a scorching sun and
heavy rains alternately, and to the poisonous exhalations
from the swampy paddy-fields, was very fast improv-
ing. That of the soldiers as being more accustomed
to such service, was,l with a few exceptions, per-
fectly restored ; but on board the ships a good many
sailors and marines, though convalescent, had not yet quite
recovered. In addition to the death of Sir F. Senhouse,
we regret to have to record the deaths of Captain Brodie,
of her Majesty's troop-ship Rattlesnake, of apoplexy ;
of Dr. Wallace, surgeon of her Majesty's ship Con
way ; Adjutant Wilson, of the 18th Royal Irish ; and
Lieutenant Fitzgerald, of her Majesty's ship Modesto,
who died on board of that ship on the 22d of June, of
the wound he received in the leg, off Canton, on the
24th of May."
The Castle Huntley spoke the ScalesbyCastle at Anjer,
and the George Armstrong and Sandersons in the Sooloo
sea. The Fort William left Anjer for England on the sth
of August. The passengers by this vessel are Capt, Ro-
gers, of the Atalanta steamer, Mr. Drysdale, of the firm of
Lindsay and Co., and Mr. Gilbert Smith, of the firm of
Macvicar and Co., the last just in time to save his passage
by the present steamer. The late arrivals in China are
the Tweed and St. Mungo, from Singapore, Thomas
King, from Sydney ; and the -Penang and Beulah, from
Liverpool. The departures are the Huntress, fur New
York, and the George Armstrong, for London.
A letter from .Macao says—" We are teaching the
Chinese the art of war ; their improvement in gunnery
was matter of astonishment to all."

Of the insurrection in Spain there is but little
additional information in the Paris Journals of
&Imlay. There was a report that the Govern-
ment had received a telegraphic despatch, stat-
ing that General O'DONNELL had bombarded
the town of Pampeluna from the citadel, and so
compelled it to surrender. Had the French
Government received such a . despatch we do
not think that it would keep it a secret.
There were also reports that the garrison
of Santona, and the cavalry at San Sebastian,
had declared for. Queen CHRISTINA, but other
accounts represent them as unfounded. As we
have. given elsewhere all the accounts which
have been received of the insurrection in Spain,
we have only here to refer the readers of The
Sun to them. Of their importance we can yet
foym no decided opinion.
The following news has been received from the fron-
tiers of ,pain :—" Yesterday (Wednesday)," says the
Sentinelle des _Pyrennees "at two o'clock in the afternoon,
the Spanish main, which usually arrives at Bayonne at
six o'clock in the morning, had not yet appeared, whence
it may be stipposed that it has been stopped by the in-
surgents.
"A report is this moment circulated that Espartero has
been stabbed. We are the more inclined to believe this
report to be false, because we have just received by an
extraordinary 'conveyance a letter from Madrid, dated
October 3, which-brings' us no news, and even states
that the Capital of Spain was perfectly tranquil.
" On the 3d Bilbao declared for the Christino move-
ment. Don Jose Rueto has brought this news to
Bayonne, whence he proceeds to Paris."--La Gazette de
France.
The Moniteur Parisien affirms that the conference
on the subject of a Commercial Treaty between France
and Belgium will be resumed as soon as the Belgian
Commissioners have received from the Government the
new instructions for which they have applied. The King
of the Belgians is expected at, 'Paris at the end of this
month, at the latest in the beginning of November.
Our readers will remember that M. Ledru Rollin; de-
puty ot*l_.",e Mans, and M. Hauresin, ,the responsible editor
of the Coutfier de la Sarthe, were proceeded against
some time ago, Ledru delivering, and M.
. ,
Haureau for pulai:thivz . a speech to the electors, in
which M. Ledru Rollin is-..l.largeitli a libel upon the
Chambers and the Governm4t.„ The Cour Royale of
Angers had'ordered the trial te,taliii.i:dice at the Assizes
of Le Mans, but the Procureur-Gineral of Angers ap-
plied to the Court of Cessation to have another Court of
Assize substituted, assigning as a ground for this ap-
plication that a fair trial eould,,pqt,bpshad at Le Mans.
The appeal came before the Court of Cessation yester-
day, and after having heard M. Ledru Bollin and the
Avocat-General, M. Hello, the Court ordered that the
trial should take place at the Assizes of the Marne- et-
Loire (Angers). After delivering this decision the Pre-
sident, addressing M. Ledru, said, "M..Lcdru, the Court
would not interrupt your address, but it is bound to de-
clare that if it had not been indulgent for a defence
which regarded yourself, it would not have tolerated
the unconstitutional doctrines which you have just put
forth, and your disrespectful language towards the judi-
cial authorities."

DEATH OF SIR JOHN BAYLEY..--We announce
with regret the death of this venerable, upright,
and able lawyer. We have not learned the
particulars or time of his death ; but
unfortunately there can be no doubt of the
melancholy event, as the City Registration
Court, where his son presides, was adjourned
yesterday on this account till Tuesday. He
was born in 1763, was made one of the
Judges of the Court of King's Bench in 1808,
and subsequently removed to the Court of Ex-
chequer. He is succeeded in the title by his son,
John Edward George, one of the Revising Bar-
risters.

SECONDARIES' COURT.
(THIS DAY.)
SINGER V. UPTON.

This was a writ of elegi't to inquire as to the amount
of property within the bailiwick of the Sheriff of Lon-
don, possessed by the defendant, a Mr. Thomas Upton,
of Bow Church.

Mr. ROGERS stated the case to the Jury, and said that this
was a writ to ascertain what property the defendant was
possessed of, in order that the plaintiff might obtain satis-
faction for a debt due to him from defendant of 181/. 7s. 7d.
The defendant was possessed of certain houses in Bow
Church-yard, which he held under a lease of twenty-one
years of the Rector and Churchwardens at the yearly
rent of 4501. Some time ago the defend-
ant entered into an arrangement with his
creditors, and at the meeting he stated to them that he
had let this property for 795 L, leaving him a clear yearly
income of 3451., and also that a part was unlet, which,
when occupied, would bring him in 3001. more.
Several witnesses were called to prove these facts, and an
estate agent, who had valued the premises, being called,
stated that part of the property was unoccupied ; he
valued the property now let to be about a clear yearly
rental above all charges of 2001.
The Learned UNDER SHERIFF having summed up,
the Jury returned a verdict, "that the defendant was
possessed of an interest in certain property within the
bailiwick of the Sheriffs of London of the clear yearly
value of 2001. per annum.