The Sun.
London, England, 1846-09-03 00:00:00

LONLIO2..T, TIIURSIDAY
f-4*.Zl
• ir; t.,

No. /6,835.

INVENTORS and DEPOSITORS of NVOIIK-
ING MODELS and of other Specimens of the Useful Arts (as
well as the Visitors of the ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION)
are respectfully Informed that the Directors have given their RTI.kiOUS
consileration to the new appo;ntn,ent of DEMONSTRATOR in
MECHANICS, Whoie dUty will be to explain to the Visitors the
Principles and Uses of the above SPecimens with clearness and
simplicity. The Lectures now comprise the ELECTRIC TELE-
GRAPH, as well as other objects of present interest. The beaptiful
Optical Instruments, &c. &c. •
Admission, Is.; Schools, Half-price.

ITALL-OF ROME, GREAT WINDMILL-
ST RE ET, ITAYM R AKE T.
The great attraction' and enthusiastic applsus2 which honoured the
GRAND REHEARSAL of the MOVING POSKE I'LASTIQUE
on Wednesday and Monday -last, induce Professor TURNOUR to
repeat the same TABLEAU every Morning and Evening this week.
Stalls, 2s. ; Boxes, is. 6d. ; PR, Is. Performances at a Quarter
p!!st Three in the Afternoon, and Half-past Eight in the Evening.

OYSTERS.-J. S: SWEETING, ever anxious
to meet the wishes of his friends, the public, has "made
'arrangements to atipply them per rail with the best and real NA-
TIVE OYSTERS. They are taken from the beds at Burnham, near
Maldon, in Essex, every morning transmitted by the Eastern
Counties Railway, and.are delivered 'daily before Twelve o'clock, at
,his Fish mid Oyster Establishment, 159, CHEAPSIDE, adjoining
the General Post•office. Very superior Oyster Rooms. Reid's Stout
and Crowley's Alton Ale.
N.B. Wentntn-lake Ice and Refrigerator Depot.

WORKS by ROBERT J. CULVERWELL, M.D. M.R.C.S. &c.
One Shilling each, by post One and ,Sixpence.
1.
ON SINGLE and MARRIED LIFE:
• (An Original Medical History.)
. • CONTENTS:
Analysis of the AfNctions—Early Conventional Restraint—Mis-
direction—Marital Anticipations and Realities—Laws of Paternity—
Maternal Influence—Phenomena of Gestation—On Infelicitous and
Infertile Unions—lncongruous Alliances —Late Marriages—Uwe
Matches--Curiosities of Twenty-three Years' Medical Experience,
&c. &c. 2.
On CHASTITY and its INFRINGEMENTS,
(An Essay for 1846.)
" Of human ills and frailties I discourse,
'Those taught by nature, and by art acquirl. •
Of griefs tonceard, and disappointments keen,
Which young and gentle, the matured and sage,
The lonely and the mated—all sustain.
In kindly spirit, herein counsel's giv'n,
How health, how hope, how happiness to gain."
3.
WHAT to EAT, DRINK, and AVOID
With Diet Tables for all Complaints.
Contents :—How to ensure perfect digestion, tranquil eelings, a
good night's rest, a clear head, and a contented mind. By an ob-
servance of the instructions herein containeC the feeble, the ner-
vously delicate, even to the most shattered constitution, may acquire
the greatest amount of physical happiness, and reach in health the
full period of life allotted to Man.
" How we shoeldlive—what eat, -what drink, what shun,
To reach in health full threescore years and ten."
These interesting little volumes, although bearing upon subjects of
very delicate import, as their titles imply, will be found of immea-
surable and general utility, for they tell of matters everyliving crea-
ture able-to understani ought to know, but which information in
these enlightened times, except that quality promulgated through
questionable channels. Is at a very terrible discount.
In the exposition hereby offered of the till now hidden truths of
nature, of human disappointments and their ways of relief, it is not
contended that every reader shall become his or her own physician
any'more than their own lawyer, but it is insisted upon that we
should know the simple principles of our owu organisation, the laws
whereby our existence and the issue thereof in their several healthy
states depend, the duties that are expected of us in our individual
capacities in the family circle, and the terms on which the health and
happiness of the present and future race of mankind have to rely.
By such knowledge, and which is herein faithfully imparted,
health be found to be in our own keeping, and happiness
within the attainment of all ; by the availment hereof in fulfilling
our duty to ourselves, we secure the Ilk e advantages on our offspring
to.follow, and filially by the cultivation our faculties, which is in-
consistent with degenerate health, the mind as well as the body may
be exalted to the summit of perfection, as best becomes the highest
of God's creations.
The author's justification fbr this seeming eulogy of his own writ-
ings, and the avowal of their integrity of purpose, must be measured
by their perusal—his accredited qualifications guarantee that the
topics broached involve his legitimate study and pursuit.
To be had of eherwood, 23, Paternoster-row ; Carvalho, 147,
Fleet-street; 'Hannay, 63, Oxford. street ; Mann, 39, Cornhill; or
difect from the Anthor, 10, Argyle-place, Regent-street (leading to
Groat Marlborough-street), who may be advised personally on these
msltt?rs daily till 'Three, and in the Evenings from Seven till Nine.

JIM published, price 55.,, L'ee by post, 6s. 6d.

FRANKS-on URINO=CrENITAL DISEASES.
Part L On -Gotforrhma and Gleet, exemplifying the influence
of a Scrofulous or Scorbutic state of system in proelucing those Morbid
Secretions, and showing that the true nature of their diseased action
is irritative, mot inflammatory.

Published by the Author, ill), fllackfriars-road, Lendon; and may
be had of Johnston, 68, Cornhill; Starkie, 4, Strand; Sanger, 160,
Oxford-street ; and by order of all booksellers.

A I'OPULAR TREATISE on the HEALTH, LIFE. and VIGOUR

of the BODILY VUNCTIONS,

NINETEETH EDITION, price 2s. 6d. ; Free by Pest (In a Sealed

• Envelope) as. 6d.,
THE SILENT FRIEND. A Medical Work
A- on the loss of the reproductive powers with means of restora-

tion.- Tho baneful effects of Indulgence, neglected Strictures, Se-
condary Symptoms, &c., Are fully pointed out. Illustrated by En-
gravings ; followed by observations on Marriage. By R. and L.
PERRY and Co., Consulting Surgeons, London.
Pabllshed by the Authors, and may be had at their residence.
Sold by Strange, No. 21, Paternoster low ; Gordon, 146, Leadenhall-
street ; Purkis, Compton-street, Soho ; Hannay and Co., 63, Oxford-
street, and 37,R03 al Exchange : and all booksellers.

Part I. of this-
Work is particularly addressed to those who are
)revented from forming a Matrimonial Alliance, through fear of cer-
amp disqualifications, and will be found an available introduction to
he mearis of perfect and secret restoration to manhood.

Part H. treats perspicuously upon those forms of diseases, either
in their primary or secondary state, arising from infection, showing
bow . numbers who neglect to obtain competent medical aid, entail
upon themselves years of misery and suffering.
The CORDIAL I3ALAI OF SYRIACUM is exclusively directed to
the cure of nervous and sexual debility, irregularity, weakness, bar-
renness, loss of appetite, indigestion; tonsumptive habits, and debili-
ties arising from venereal excesses, &c. Price I is. and 335. per bot-
tle:- The Five-pound cases may be had as usual.
The CONCENTRATED DETERSIVE ESSENCE. An anti-
syphilitic remedy for searching out and purifying the blood from ve-
nereal contamination, scurvy, blotches on the head, face, and body,
ulcerations, and those painful affections arising from improper treat-
ment. secondarysymptorns, and all eruptions of the skin. Price lie.
and 335. per bottle.
PERRY'S PURIFYING SPECIFIC PILLS, price 2s. 9d., 4s. ad.,
and I le. per box, aro the most effectual remedy for strictures, in-
flammation, irritation of the bladder, &c., without hindrance to
business.

Consultation fee, if by Letter, I/. A minute detail of case is ne-
cessary. Messrs. Perry are in daily attendance at their residence,
19, Berners-street,- Oxford-street, London, from eleven till two, and
nvatill eight; and on Sundays from eleven till twelve.

FIVEIIiA TCUORLIOTT .
'WPM TWENTY
ON TUE SECRET INFIRMITIES OF YOUTH AND
ENGRAVINGS.
Just. published, Sixteenth Thousand. InRED a sealed envelope, price
2s. 6d., or post paid, to
any address, for 3s. 6d. in Postage Stamps
or Post-office Order.
(NZ ELF. PRESERVATION: A Medical Treatise
‘,/ on the Secret Infirmities and Disorders of Youth and Maturity.
Illustrated with .Twenty-tlve Coloured Plates on the Anatomy,
Physiology, and Disease? of the Urinary and Reproductive Organs,
'explaining their various structures, uses, and functions, and showing
the injuries that are produced in them, by solitary habits, and other
excesses. With Practical Observations on the Treatment of Nervous
Debility, Local and Constitutional Weakness, and other diseases of
the Urethra.
Ly SAMUEL LAWERT, CONSULTING SURGEON,
9, Bedford-street, Bedford-square, London;
Matriculated Mother of the University of Edinburgh, Honorary
Member of the London Hospital Medical Society, Licentiate of
Apothecaries' Hall, London, So., &c.

LADIES TRAVELLING, •
Visiting the Sea Coast, or otherwise exposed to the scorching rays of
the Sun, will find
ROWLAND'S K ALYD OR a most refreshing
preparation for the Complexion, dispelling the cloud of
uiilan-
guor and relaxation, allaying all heat and irritability, and immedi-
ately affording the pleasing sensation attending restored elasticity of
the Skin. The numerous variAles of Cutaneous Eruptions, s
burn, Freckles, Tan, and Discolourations, are pleasingly eradicated
by the Kalydor, and the skin rendered delicately sett and clear. Its
purifying and refreshing properties have obtained its exclusive selec-
tion by the Court and the Royal Family of Great Britain, and those
of the Continent of Europe, together wills tha " eliter of the Aris-
tocracy and " damte Volee," from the sultry climes of India, and the
Draw:ng-rooms of Calcutta and Madras, to the frozen realms of the
Czar and the Salons of St. Petersburg's and Moscow.—Price 4s. (Id.
and Rs. 6d. per bottle " • •
IV Beware of spurious "Kalydorse containing mineral astrip-
gents utterly ruinous to the complexion, and which, by their repel-
ant action, endanger health. The only genuine has the words
hOWLAND'S KA LYDOIt" on the wrapper, and A. ROWLAgD
and SON, 20, Batton-garden, is also engraved (by desire of the
lion. Commissioners) on the Government Stamp affixed on each
bottle.
Sold by the Proprietors, and by respectable Chemists and Per-
umers.
ill 9th " 141,ygors" tumble* nunnitith

STAFFORDSHIRE AND SHROPSHIRE
JUNCTION RAILWAY.
A Special Meeting of the Shareholders in the above Railway
having been convened under the provisions of Lord Dalhousie's Act,
to be held on MoNDAY NEXT, the 7th day of September, at Eleven
o'clock in the Forenoon, at the Office of the Company, No. 6, Gray's
Inn-square, London, it has been deemed imkortant by many of the
Shareholders that a Preliminary Meeting sllould be held to adopt
measures in order to protect their just rights and interests. With
that object they are invited to attend a Meeting of the Scripholders,
which will be held on FRIDAY NEXT, the 4th day of September, at
Twelve o'clock, at the Office of Mr. 11. D. Mead, 34, Pall-mall,
Manchester, when a report will be made and measures submitted
for consideration deserving their attention. It is of still greater im-
portance that the meeting in London, at the time and place above-
mentioned, should be attended by all Scripholders, or by parties re-
presenting them. .

To insure admission to each of the meetings it will be necessary
that the Scrip should be produced.

Partfe, holding Scrip hi the country, and having no facilities for
transmitting it to London to be used on their behalf at the meeting,
may forward it to Messrs. Barr, Lofthouse, and Nelson, solicitors,
Leeds, with instructions, which will be complied with, and the Scrip
returned. by order,
T. L. MARSDEN, Secretary, pro tern.
Leeds, September 2, 184(1.

NATIONAL LOAN FUND LIFE ASSUR-
ANCE SOCIETY,
26, CORNHILL LONDON.
Capital £500,000.
Empowered by Act of Parliament.
This Institution embraces important and substantial advantages
with respect to Life Assurances ara Deferred Annuities. The assured
has, on all occasions, the power to borrow, without expense or for-
feiture of the Policy, two-thirds of the premiums paid (see Table) ;
also the option of selecting benefits, and the conversion of his in-
terests to meet other conveniences or necessity.
Assurances for terms of years are granted on the lowest possible
rates.

WESTFIELD AND SEDLESCOMB, AUG. 30.—We cannot
speak too highly of our hops in this neighbourhood ;
they are now past improvement, having arrived at ma-
turity, and picking commenced. There aro some who
think the duty will pay nearly 200,0001.
WADHURST, Aua. 29.—Picking has commenced in
this parish. They come in much lighter than they were
expected, and in many instances requiring 90 to 95
bushels for a cwt. The usual calculation in average
years is about 60 bushels to the cwt.
11011SMONDEN, AUG. 30.---The hop picking will be
general in this parish about the middle of the week. We
have seldom seen a larger flower or a more luxuriant
show than is to be witnessed in nearly the whole of our
grounds this year, and from present appearances we
judge that both quantity and quality will be found to be
excellent.

(From the Maidstone Gazette.)
MAIDSTONE.—The hop picking began very generally
yes'erday. A few planters began in the middle of last
week. The hops have been improving, the weather has
been very favourable for them, and we shall have ex-
ceeding good samples both for colour and quality. The
college ground is in very beautiful. order, and Mr.
Gurney's ground is said to be even still better.
i
WATERINGBIIRT, TESTON, MEREWORTEI, AND INET-
TLESTEAD.—SeveraI,of the great growers have begun
picking, and the quantity and quality answers their ge-
neral expectations. This is a favoured district, and the
hops are better in quality than usual.
GOUDHURST.—We are now picking at many places,
but the prevailing opinion is that it would have been
better to have deferretOt for a week-or ten days later,
viti6ed that they have lost considerably in
weight by so doing. If the weather continue still and
warm, they would do well to let them stand at least a
fortnight longer. _

EAT MALING.—There has been great improvement
in the hop plantations in this neighbourhood within the
last ten days. The hops are grown out large, and are
good in quality. One large garden belonging to Mr.
Thomas Browning, sen., comprising forty acres, is ex-
ceedingly good ; a great part of it is laid at a ton per
acre. Picking will commence generally about the 3d
and 4th inst.

YALDING.—Some of the gardens in this parish are in a
splendid condition ; in many the yield will be above a
ton per acre.

EAST PECKHAM. —Hop picking commenced here on
the 26th, and the hops come down quite to the grower's
satisfaction ; yesterday the picking was general. There
has been a ground picked that has averaged one bushel
per hill, and 400 bushels per acre.

HORSMONDEN.—Picking has commenced in this parish
and will be general about the 2d or 3d of September.
We have seldom seen the hops so large as they are this
year. The yield, we trust, will be found nearly equal to
that of last year, and of excellent quality.
ANOTHER ACCOUNT.—Picking commenced in this
parish last week, and four instances out of five left dff
picking in consequence of the hops being so much in
two crops, that the weight fell so very short, about seven
and a half cwt. per acre. It will commence ;gain about
the 34 of September. It appears that the largeness of
the hap, which is beyond all precedent, will not make
up for the deficiency of number, being so thin on the
poles.

INCREASE OF FARES ON THE:

SOUTH-EASTERN LINE.

On Tuesday the South-Eastern Compaq raised their
passenger fares to an extent varying from ten to forty per
cent.—an admission, notwithstanding all that has been
officially said to the contrary, that low fares have failed,
in the county of Kent.
The circumstances under which the reduction and in-
crease have taken place are of so singular a character,
and public convenience and accommodation are so mixed
up in the matter, that a brief notice of them becomes a
public duty.
Railway companies are induced to reduce their fares
by one or two convictions, viz., that it will produce an
increase of receipts as well as of the number of passen-
gers ; or thati t will what is termed drive an opponent
out of the field, or, in other words, enable them success-
fully to contend in Parliament against a competing line.
In both cases the result must be interesting and instruc-
tive to the community. Without desiring to say by
which of these motives the South-Eastern Company
were actuated, we shall give the old and new fares, and
then briefly state a few facts connected with the re-
duction and the increase.

The following is a list of the fares as they were and as
;hey now are :

Ist Class. 2d Class. 3d Class. Increase
s. d. s. d. s. d. per cent.
Reigate, old
, new 4 0 3 0 1 9)
Tunbridge,' old

Of new 7 6 5 6 3
Tunbridge Wells, old 7 0 4 6 2 8
new 8 6 6 6 3 l 0
Maidstone, old
„ new 9 0 6 6 4 0
Canterbury, old
99 new l5 0 11 0 6 9
Ramsgate, old

~- new ...... 18 0 13 6 8 1
Folkestone, old
„ new
Dover, old l5 0 10 0 6 0
„ new

It will be recollected that at the termination of the
session of 1844 it was known that a very strong contest
would take place in the session just closed for competing
lines through North and Mid Rent.
In September, 1845, the South-Eastern Company re-
duced their fares, and in a very elaborate official state-
ment of " the position and projects of the South-Eastern
Company" it was asserted that by this reduction " a
great benefit had been conferred on the public without
any loss being sustained by the Company.'
At the South=E-astern Company's half-yearly meeting
in March last, the directors in their report stated—
"On the Ist of September last the directors carried
into effect a great reduction of fares, and adopted the
system of granting day tickets, and the directors have
much satisfaction in stating that these measures have
had the effect they anticipated."
At that meeting the Chairman (Mr. M'Gregor) also
said, " I beg leave to congratulate you on the state of
your affairs, which must be highly satisfactory to you.
You are all aware that the resolution of the directory for
reducing the fares came into operation on the Ist of
September, and the result to which we looked forward
has been attained."

It will be seen that these assertions of the directors
and chairman, that the experiment of the reduction of
fares had proved successful, were made seven months
after it had been in operation.
In Parliament this reduction of fares was made one
of the chief grounds on which the South-Eastern claimed
a sort of right to make a North Kent as well as a Mid
Kent line.

In the statement put in before Group 14 by the South-
Eastern Company, in the session just closed, they say:—
" Recently they have carried the reduction of fares,
previously low, still further, and have gone to great
expense in placing their locomotive establishment on
the best footing, and in laying down the electric telegraph.
" Under these circumstances they feel that there
would be a hardship in giving a preference to other com-
panies, the establishment of which would not be of any
peculiar advantage to the public, but would inflict serious
injury on the South-Eastern Company."
In fact, no one doubts, that much of the strength of
the Parliamentary case of the South-Eastern Company
arose out of the reduction which has just been done
away with, and from the belief that it had proved remu-
nerative, and that it would, as a consequence, be a per-
manent reduction.
The questions that the public have si right, to ask and
have answered are-Ist. Were the directors and chair-
man mistaken when they stated the experiment of the
reduction of fares had proved a successful one ; and if
not, why have they raised the fares when the receipts
have gone on continually increasing from the time they
declared the reduction of fares had proved remunera-
tive? Is it that the Canterbury and Ramsgate branch
is not remunerative, and that an increased receipt over
141 miles, is less remunerative than the old receipt over
113 miles? Or was the reduction made, not in good
faith, but for Parliamentary purposes? Our readers
have the short facts of the case before them, and can
judge for themselves.
The peculiar feature in the South-Eastern line is its
circuitous character. Dover by road is 72 miles, by rail
it is 88; Canterbury by road is 56, by rail 82; Maid-
stone by road is 33, but by rail it is 56 Ramsgate is by
roadthe South-Eastern tah-Est i
and
ab by
rail 97i, The principle admitted by
ern Company n its Parliamentary
struggle, as well as in their reduction of fares in
September last year, was that the passenger should be
charged—as between London and Peterborough—for
direct distances. This principle is based on the simple
proposition that if certain towns served by very circuitous
ecompany having the
circuitous
lines are offered a direct line, with fares at the same
rate per mile as those charged by the longer one, such
rot oonwulyini
only.
abmßoaueyne atju railways usei tnl ystt
the
ceaoad lliechargegof uponislaa t
themutrh for direct distances
e chose to sanction a
straight line through
Kent, it does not follow that the public can be
justly required to pay for as well as to travel and lose
time over some unnecessary 23 miles in 56, which is
now the case in travelling between London and Maid-
stone by the South-Eastern line. The argument that
the South-Eastern Company cannot, with profit to itself,
a good and valid and
ly
carry passengers 56 miles round to Maidstone and charge
t .
proprietors, but it is of no force to the people of
Maidstone, nor to those who wish to travel to that place,
line, f fare
of which
chargingtlie principle now
when responsible persons go before Parliament, and offer
E I le
aer st erm for
reasonable
n
argument
when i s
urged before South-
to construct a direct line to Maidstone, and to insert a
clause in their Act binding them to carry passengers to
and fro at a rate below the sum that was levied by the
South-Eastern when that Companycharged over thedirect
distance only.
for circuitous
distances, occasions will be seen from the following
figures ;—Tunbridge is thirty-two miles by road, and
the third-class passenger. if charged according to the
operation on T
thileee Doverxcss o
Parliamentary restriction, would pay 2s. Bd. ; but be.
cause he is compelled to be an additional half-hour on
his journey in order to get over the circuitous nine miles,
he is charged 3s. 5d., or about thirty pet cent. beyond
the ordinary third-class charge. Canterbury is fifty-six
miles by the road, and the charge by a direct line of rail
_