The Sun.
London, England, 1846-02-09 00:00:00

KNIGHT'S PENNY MAGAZINE,

Though.smaller, this new series of an old
favouri
superior both in appearance and
te isinfinitely smaller,
salection of material:; to its predecessors. All readers
of taste will feel themselves under obligations to Mr.
Knight for an alteration so judicious, and to Mr.
Harvey also for his delicate and occasionally deliciOus
pictorial contributions. Some morsels in this first part
-from the pencil of that eminent draughtsman arc pecu-
liarly pleasing, inasmuch as they remind us of his
glorious achievements in the embellishment of the
Arabian Nig'at's Entertainimnts: in the present case,
however, to employ a quirk, it is in the embellishment
of the " English Knight's Entertainment." Besides the
ordinary proportion of antiquarian, or, rather, book-
worming matter, tales, and poetry, and reviews are inter-
spersed through the Penny Magazine, giving an addi-
tional attraction to that deserving and popular publi-

cation.

LORD LINCOLN and the ELECTORS
OF SOUTH NOTTS.

Lord Lincoln having vacated his seat for South Notting-
hamshire, by accepting the (Alice of Chief Secretary for Ire-
land, has issued the following address to his late consti-
tuents :
" TO THE ELECTORS OF THE SOUTHERN DIVISION OF THE
COUNTY OF NOTTINGHAM

" Gentlemen,—lt was this day proposed to me, through
the gracious favour of the Queen, that I should undertake
the important office of Chief Secretary to the Lord Lieute-
mist of Ireland.
" I have felt it to be my duty to accept that appointment,
and the seat in Parliament which I have occupied by your
suffrages for fourteen years has thereby become vacant.
" I hasten to solicit at your hands a renewal of the trust,
of which I hope I have not proved myself unworthy, either
by the step which I have now taken, or by any other act of
my
,political life.
" So far as more personal considerations are concerned, I
might have hesitated at any other moment to exchange the
effice which I lately held under the Crown for that which I
have now undertaken.
" Circumstances which have lately taken place amongst
you hare, however, overruled every personal objection, and
make me rejoice in a legitimate and constitutional oppor-
tunity of appearing at this particular juncture before the
constituent body which has repeatedly honoured me with
its confidence.
" When, a few days ago, I received the formal announce-
ment of a resolution passed unanimously at a meeting of
the Nottinghamshire Agricultural Protection Association,
calling upon me to resign my seat—a resolution in which
my honour' was openly assailed—my first impulse was
to comply with the demand, and instantly appeal from that
meeting to the whole constituency by a new election. Re-
flection, however, and a deep sense of constitutional obliga-
tions forbade that course.
" The Constitution does not recognise the right of a Mem-
ber of Parliament to divest himself of the trust confided to
him. It has not even given him the power to do so. The
resignation of his seat can only be accomplished by a fiction
—by a request fur a nominal office at the hands of the
Crown. The principle of delegation is at variance with the
spirit of our institutions, and those who demur to the ex-
pediency of annual Parliaments are bound to resist such a
call as that which has been made upon me, come from whom
it may.

" I know that others, situated like myself, have lately
yielded to a keen sensibility of what was due to their
hon'our, called in question as mine has been. I honour and
respect their motives, whilst I deprecate the step they have
taken, and fear that they hardly foresee the consequences of
their esatnple.
"Neither they nor I were sent to Parliament as agents or
advocates of one interest in preference to others, but as
Members of a deliberate assembly bound to legislate for the
good of all—for the interest of the nation as a whole. Of
that whole you form an important part; And in my conscience
I believe that neither have I heretofore done, nor am i now
doing, that of which in calmer times you will have reason to
complain.
"I am told that I shall be opposed by a candidate put
forward by the Agricultural Protection Society. Let me
warn you of the danger of submitting to the dictation of
any political association or club, however respectable may
be its members. That danger is increased when, as in the
ease of the Protection Society, such a club is, if not affi-
liated to, at least in direct communication with, and acting
under the direction of, a central body sitting in London.
Believe me, such a system is fraught with mischief to all
interests, but especially to that which this Society professes
to protect.

Whilst, however, I repudiate the principle of being 'your
delegate, and claim the highest position of vour representa-
tive, I freely recognise your right to the fullest and most ex-
plicit expression of my opinions upon all political subjects. I
will, therefore, attend any meeting in any part of the division
to which you may summon me, between this time and the
day of election, to discuss with you the measures lately in-
troduced by her Majesty's Government, and at my nomi-
nation at Newark you shall find me ready to explain and to
justify my conduct.
" I cannot within the limits of an address enter into the
details of so large and comprehensive a scheme of commercial
policy as that lately laid before the House of Comnions. This
much, however, I am bound in candour, when addressing an
agricultural constituency, to say—that on the question of the,
corn-laws my opinions are changed. In 1841, honestly, and
not from any party mltive, I advocated measures for what is
now called 'Protection of native industry.' Mature re-
flection,—constant and anxious consideration of the subject,—
attention year after year to the arguments brought forward
in the House on one side and on the other,—above all, the
experience of the last four years have convinced me, not that
the corn-laws alone should be abolished, but that our whole
commercial system should be subjected to a great, a bold,
and a comprehensive revision.

" This change of opinion has not come suddenly upon me.
Three years ago my confidence in the principles of protec-
tion was greatly shaken,—last year I felt that they had be-
come indefensible. Still, looking to the mischief of any
violent shock to party attachment (not for the sake of the
leaders of party, but for the sake of public confidence), and
conscious of the peculiar circumstances under which the
present Parliament was elected, I felt anxious that, if pos-
sible, this groat but inevitable change should be postponed
till after the next dissolution of Parliament. This, however,
I had firmly resolved—that I would never again appear be •
fore you on the hustings without an express stipulation that
I should be free to vote for the repeal of the corn• laws.
"But, in the autumn of last year, it pleased Provi!ence to
visit our country, and more especially the sister island, with
an infliction which some have ventured to doubt, nay, even
to deride, but the alarming extent of which I greatly fear
has yet to be unfolded. Thus the desires of politicians have
been frustrated, the calculations- of statesmen have been
thwarted. What would have been praiseworthy caution and
deference to existing circumstances, in times of abundance
and prosperity, would now be culpable neglect, or a slavish
submission to the fear of reproach and personal odium.
The Government has been compelled, by an imperative
sense of duty, to bring forward at once a final settlement of
these questions, for none but a final settlement—no half

measures—no temporising expedients—could ever again be
entertained ; and I am prepared to adopt my full share, of
the responsibility which must attach to the members of a
Government which has endeavoured to reconcile in a great
and comprehensive scheme the various, but not conflicting
interests of the country.
" I regret that the shortness of the interval between the
issue of the writ and the day of election will not allow me to
wait personally upon each of you at your homes. I have, on
this account, suffered my address to run to greater length
than I could have otherwise desired.

" Again, I must assure you that, after the imputations
which have been cast upon my motives and my conduct, I
hail with satisfaction an opportunity of appealing to your
suffrages. I look forward with confidence to the result, and
anticipate with no faltering hope my return to Parliament,
for the sixth time, as your representative —I have the honour
to be, Gentlemen, your over faithful friend and servant,
"Whitehall-place, Feb. 7." "LINCOLN."

THE REPRESENTATION OF EAST

- - -
SUFFOLK',
The retirement from Parliament of the doubting Lord
Henniker affords the tenant-farmers of East Suffolk an op-
portunity of rescuing themselves from the thraldom which
has so long oppressed them, and which was so unblushingly
declared by the now sole Member for East Suffolk, Lord
Rendlesham, in his notorious assertion of the " landlord in-
fluence" on the hustings at Ipswich, in April, 1843. The de-
risive shout which met that insolent taunt—albeit that the
tenantry of East Suffolk were compelled to " pocket the
affront"—was an indication of the working change in their
minds since 1841. It is now for them to throw back the taunt
upon their noble representative ( ?), and following the glorious
example of the West Iliding of-Yorkshire, assert the influence
of the many Over the few, the nation over the oligarchy.
Mr. Alexander Shafto Adair has loosened the "screw" in
East Suffolk, and in the short Interval bet Ween the election
of June, 1841, and that of April, 1848, he had reduced the
Conservative majority 341 votes, under the most unfavour-
able ciecuttistaetes-=te Tory (toile-meta high In favour; but
partly by the aid of the Canada flour question. If that slight
movement towards a liberal policy in commerce worked such
wonders in the agricultural county of East Suffolk, what will
be the result of the Government's free-trade declarations?
It will be for Mr. Adair to give the electors another chance
of throwing oil' the influence of the Bences and the Myddle-
tons, it Lord gendi
esham should dare to heard it nominee,
and to show that his pledge to buckle on his armour and
"shiver another lance in the lists" of reform was not an idle
one. The unanimity manifested a short time since at the
meeting at yramlingham Castle augurs much for his success
if he should again cane kifettftt
saae,
ta:
:nd:::GbolrTebeitnesi:fr
aohtnitinliai
olNegEinim:es:vi
preii following
Tng7spoi
fssi
causet
ILi svFri dneAfTgo) HulrlinEledtaneßceiAi
tpy
lkis eTrefreotva7fenast
ieucitwroev
leeosslmfsil
oiraeveNdieldtrophreFeis
etrsSnl;LltcaTimnrFcgeOunltmilf.
doiicrciurirgretdhavrthpicehrio:a,veenjidnd;eudee3d-Otime eeettfofirtledlninecieustittshd
the high trust so long reposed in me.
• "The members of the present Government, whose general
polity I have cordially supported, having thought it advisable
to introduce the litipeetant subjeet of the corn-laws to the
consideration of' the Legislature, seith a strong eXpfessioti of
their opinion that a relaxation of those laws at the present mo-
ment, and tltheeiirratroet;al
hreapteealfel
felt
aftermyas
ef years,jefwcal
led puaroento o
essentialre c
to
thie lititihc
toe sUojeet and the objeeti of theil Il I and confess lam
unable entirely to satisfy myself what course I ought to pur-
sue consistently xfit4 my implied premises to you other than
that I addptedi
" I tally acknowledge that, at the last general election,'
declared the maintenance of protective laws to be indispen-
sable to the interests of' agriculture, en which, I need
scarcely remind Yoii; rily Bwh iffe dellendlAtt; atld I vir-
tually pledged myself to uphold that opinion ;puf, Ina
the statements and reasons adduced by the first ]Mister d
ie Cioi4ii2t ititll tyke 41riiogi iiiiiiiiniodiAn6ifyferi6e of the
Cabinet, (.loilinsea as it is of many persons of ttid
character for ability and experience, and whose interests are
identified with those of agriculture, I am so far rendered
doubtful in regard to my previous convictions, that I do not
feel I tx4ld coilecientiOnAly,pethirut ply out without entire
eklon; end tiereptioli frfirti all 1 ritiet thidtifsttield
pledges, &c.
"Placed in this position, I have no alternative but to re-
sign my seat in Parliament, for otherwise, in case of my
concurrence . in the view of the Geverumentl I must have
tided ineofigietently With m eiWn qofie6iintidifs Cotivittlofie
iri opposing th4iii, iiiiplled jitBiiiises f i You, 01
itipOriihg them: I have, therefore, this day taken the usual
course for accomplishing my determination,
" Iq taking leave of Op; Orli-lit. me to say that your con-
stant kindness and cOnsideration for me Ball for the expres•
sion et my warrriest thanks; yotit cdnfielenee hitherto has
been nieSt gHtiryiit, rue; Anti it his tali, indeed, a entire°
of' satisfaction to me to have had the opportunity of forming
friendshipi with very many for Whom I entertain sincere
.6g.iLta; and I hefie that the friendly sentithents I have ex-
perienced may continue unabated.
" With great esteem, and fervent wishes for your prosperity
and happiness; I have the honour to be, gentlemen, your
very faithful aim qbedlent servattti.
Thornham Hall, Veb. 4, 1846."

country, I will in sincerity assure you that there is no one
more truly attached than myself to the Established Church,
and my exertions will ever be used to preserve, unimpaired,
the Protestant religion.
" Upon the important question of the corn-laws, I at once
frankly avow my decided opposition to the measures now in-
troduced by the Government, and my desire and determina-
tion to endeavour to preserve that protection which the agri-
cultural interest has hitherto possessed, and to which it has
so just a claim.

I have ever felt respect and sympathy for the industrious
classes: my attention shall be given to the subject of the
poor-laws, being desirous to do all I can to ameliorate them,
to insure to the labourer and his family every possible com-
fort, and to protect their interests.
"I need not add how gratifying it will be to me to promote
to the utmost the interests of the town of Buckingham and
its neighbourhood; and shall always feel anxious to carry
out the wishes of the inhabitants, and to have the gratifica-
tion of frequently communicating 'with them, and receiving
tl.eir opinions.
I hope to have the honour, before the day of election, of
waiting upon you, and again repeating my grateful thanks
for your kindness and good opinion, which I hope, by honest
conduct, with the blessing of God, to retain through life.—
I have the honour to remain, Gentlemen, your faithful and
obedient servant,
" CHANDOS.
"Stowe, Feb. 6."

LORD JOCELYN.
TILE REPRESENTATION OF LYNN.

The Norfolk News, after quoting the paragraph which ap-
peared on this subject in The Sun, says :—We copy this
paragraph, as it fully accords with our own views, as to the
loyal and independent borough of King's Lynn being un-
der the direction of Lord George Bentinck ; at least, that it
is so understood in the upper circles in town. It will
be remembered, that his Lordship turned out Lord William
Lennox,--at least, it was so stated at the time; and in the
exercise of his power in this pocket borough, he has now
doubtless been the main instrument of relieving the electors
of Lynn of another of their representatives. When the
paragraph which appeared in last week's paper was written,
not even a rumour had reached us that there was a probability
of an election prior to the anticipated general one, but the last
few days have disclosed an organised attempt to obtain one.
It appears that a deputation, by whom sent we have not
yet learned, waited upon Lord Jocelyn, in town, for the pur-
pose of ascertaining his views on the corn tariff of Sir Ro-
bert Peel, and whether it was his intention to support him ;
the nature of his Lordship's reply has led to the tender of his
resignation, which was received last Sunday; and, the result
is, that after consultation, it was decided to invite a few of the
burgesses to a meeting at the Town Hall, on Wednesday
last, care being taken that no one should be present who dif-
fered with the "leaders" on the score of Protection, and, ex-
cept in the case of two or three merchants, no one who dif-
fered with them in politics. We know that about forty per-
sons attended this meeting, and that though strictly a "pro-
tectionist; one, yet some difference of opinion existed as to
the policy of accepting the Noble Lord's resignation: this is
not much te be wondered at, considering that these very
men are first and foremost to condemn the system of
" pledges," when resorted to by their opponents, and the con-
sequence was, that a specific motion by Richard Bagge, Esq.,
seconded by A. Carter, Esq., that Lord Jocelyn's resigna-
tion be accepted; and it was moved as an amendment, by
F. Cresswell, &-q., (Mayor), and seconded by the Rev. John
Bransbv, (we do not pledge ourselves to the exact words),
that Lord Jocelyn's resignation be not accepted, but that his
Lordship be at liberty to vote upon the question as he may
think beet. On the question being put, there appeared ten
for the amendment, and 27 for flip original motion, which
was according carried. A deputation was then appointed,
consisting of Richard Baggo, Esq., and Everard, Esq., to
wait upon his Lordship in town, and acquaint him with the
result of the meeting. It was now urged by a solicitor, who
had voted in the majority, that unless the minority wore
prepared to remain neutral in case of a contest, that they
had better retire, as it was necessary that the meeting should
be unanimous on the proceedings which would follow; five
only of the minority felt it to be their duty to withdraw.
So much for Lynn consistency. The appointment of Lord
Jocelyn's successor was next discussed, and the result was
that the deputation were requested to wait on Attwood,
Esq., London, the Tory gentleman who opposed Lord John
Russell in the City election, and offer him the vacant seat;
and in the event of this failing, the name of Bond Cabell,
Esq., was named as a second chance. The gentlemen of the
deputation left for London, but were too late, as we are in-
formed, for the train that evening; and here ended acted the
first of a farce now performing in this borough, under the
distinguished patronage of the patriotic Duke of Portland.
We have already stated that Lord Jocelyn's letter reached
Lynn on Sunday morning, and that a deputation had pre-
viously had an interview with his Lordship. This was con-
firmed by the appearance of his Lordship's address on Thurs-
day evening, one day after the meeting was held, at which it
was decided to accept his resignation, notwithstanding the
request made in his Lordship's letter that "as soon as I am
informed by you that this paper has been made public to my
constituents, and they are desirous of taking advantage of
my resignation, I will make application for the Chiltern
Hundreds, and the writ will be moved for a new election."
It is therefore palpably evident that the conditions upon
which his Lordship resigned have not been complied with,
unless it can be shown that the 37 invited electors represent
the 900 electors of Leeds. We hope that no other borough
in the kingdom, containing from 16,000 to 17,000 inhabitants
with nearly 1000 registered electors, will ever have laid to its
charge the disgraceful and disreputable accusation that it
sold its electoral rights for a mess of pottage.

REPRESENTATION OF SELKIRK-.

SHIRE.

On Friday the nomination for this county took place in the
,own of Selkirk.

Mr. PRINGLE, of Whytbank, proposed Mr. Elliot Lock-
hart, of Rortbwickbrae, the nomination being seconded by
Mr. Scott, of Gala.

Mr. GRIEVE, a farmer, proposed Mr. Murray, junior, of
Philiphaugh, which was seconded by Mr. GILL, a manufac-
turer.

Mr. LOCKHART then addressed the meeting, and was fol-
lowed by his opponent, Mr. MURRAY, who declared himself
a thorough free-trader, supporting the League in all its acts.
The LORD PROVOST of Edinburgh then came forward and
put a number of questions to Mr. Lockhart. The answers
elicited to these questions were, that Mr. Lookhart thenght
Sir Robert Peel had gone too far in his measure. The ques-
tions referred to Sir Robert Peel's measure—the equalisation
of the prison assessment in the burghs and counties—sites
for the Free Church, Ike. Mr. Lockhart thought Sir Robert's
measure went too far. He was not prepared to give an
opinion in regard to the prison assessment ; and in reference
to the Free Church, he stated that he would have no objec-
tion to give sites if clear cases were made out that such were
needed in the particular localities where they were requested.
The SHERIFF, without taking a show of hands, asked if a
poll was desired, when Mr. Pringle, on the part of Mr. Lock-
hart, demanded a poll. Great dissatisfaction being expressed
at the Sheriff's conduct, in departing from the usual custom,
the Hon. Mr. Elliott, after that functionary bad retired,
asked for a show of bands, when only one was held up for
Lockhart, and almost the entire assemblage for Mr. Murray.
Three cheers were then given in rotation, on the motion of
the Hon. Mr. Elliott, for the Lord Provost of Edinburgh, the
free-trade Duke of Buccleuch, and the measure of Sir Robert
Peel. The assemblage then quietly dispersed.
We understand that Mr. Murray has protested against the
validity of the proceedings, on account of a show of hands not
being taken.

" HENNIKER.

THE REPRESENTATION OF
BUCKINGHAM. _

SIR ROBERT PEEL AND THE
CORPORATION OF NOTTINGHAM.
The Mayor of Nottingham has received the following
reply to a communication addressed by him en the part of
the Corporatioi of that town, expressing their approval of
the Premier's free-trade policy :
"Whitehall, Feb. 5, 1846.
" Str,—l am highly gratified by the communication you
have made to me by direction of the Town Council of Not-
tingham, and will make it known to my colleagues in the
service of her Majesty.
" I sincerely hope that the measures which it has been my
duty to propose, on the part of the Government, will, if
sanctioned by Parliament, conduce to the prosperity of the
town of Nottingham and the comfort and happiness of its
inhabitants.—l have the honour to be, Sir, your obedient
servant, "ROBERT PEEL.
"The Mayor of Nottingham."

The following address has been issued by the Marquis of
Chandos to the worthy and independent electors of the
borough of Buckingham and its boundary parishes :
" Gentlemen,—l hasten to thank you most sincerely fur
the honour 3
-oil have conferred on me, by the requisition so
numerously signed, to offer myself as a candidate to repre-
sent your borough in Parliament.
"More consonant would it have been to my wishes and
feelings to have remained for the present a private indivi-
dual in your neighbourhood ; but after this most gratifying
proof of your good opinion and regard, I cannot decline the
request, and oar my humble but faithful services to those
for whose unvarying kindness and generous confidence I am
so deeply.obliged.
" Untried in political life, I must entirely depend on your
accepting honesty of purpose to compensate for the want of
superior talent and experience; assuring you that my best
services shall always be at your command.
" As regards my opiiions upon some of the important
fittiOctfi 4c PY ILO attentia or the

SUN LON DON, MONDAY EVENING, FEBRUAIt, V- 9, 1846.

THE POTATO CROP.
The following is an extract from a report of the Commis-
sioners of Inquiry into matters connected with the failure of
the potato crop :

(le gs
teisotn
st oofthe
eGyo;r ebruntmwe
en tcomaseurreist innovto lovni nlyg
Dublin Castle, Jan. 20, 1846.
We have not understood it to be within our province to
within
nrtoaunrt
province, but our imperative duty, to bring, without further
delay, under the notice of Government, a state of circum-
(stances which appears to us to call fur immediate considers-
tion, and in which questions of pclicy may be involved.
Two questions of very pressing nature have been under the
consideration of the board, which, for the present, have been
disposed of by a suggestion that those interested in the re-
spective localities shall avail themselves of the Act 1 Viet.,
c. 21, which enables the Board of Works, upon certain pre-
liminaries being taken, to advance money for the execution
of local works.
We beg to refer your Excellency to the reports of these
cases, and especially to that of Nebber, as presenting pro-
bable indications of that which must be expected in very
many instances to occur. We cannot disguise from our-
selves, that the remedy we have suggested in these cases
may fail of being successfully adopted, and if adopted, may
be but a temporary alleviation of the distress then prevail-
ing; and that numernuse cases of distress are likely to occur
and some are near at hand, for which neither the Act
pointed out by us, nor any other, as far as we know, in exist-
ence or in the contemplation of Government, can provide an
effectual remedy.
It appears, from undoubted authority, that of 32 counties
in Ireland, not one has escaped failure in the potato crop; of
130 poor-law unions, not one is exempt; of 2,050 electoral
divisions, above 1,400 are certainly reported as having suf-
fered; and we have no certainty, until the receipt of more
minute returns, now in progress of completion, that the re-
maining 600 have altogether escaped.
Every variety, in point of extent of loss, and every shade
of subdivision in pint of locality, will be found in the re-
turns laid before us; and this circumstance, while it implies
an exemption from widely extended and uninterrupted loss
in one continuous locality, complicates, on the other hand,
and renders difficult the application of relief in the manner
apparently most desirable, by employment in labour.
The poor-houses will, without doubt, be found a most im-
portant means of relief, and we consider it a most providen-
tial circumstance that such an extensive resource is available
against a calamity more widely extended, and more serious
in its nature, than any that has affected the Irish poor since
the year 1817. We have the satisfaction to know that the
resource is still open to a very great extent, and that even in
the most distressed district the peer-houses are very far from
beingfull. We look with anxious attention to their progress
towards repletion, as a strong, though not conclusive indica-
tion of the state of the union to which they belong. We
refer, however, to the constabulary report of the recent oc-
currence at the poor-house at bells (in which union Nobber
is eituated)' for a proof that it would be unsafe to rely upon
the state of the respective poor-houses, either as a certain
test of the amount of distress in the union, or as a sole re •
source for its relief.

The ordinary expenditure for one year of the poor-houses
in Ireland is about 260,0001., including established charges,
repairs and instalments for repayment of building ; and
taking the largest pecuniary estimate of the relief which
their capacity would afford, we cannot consider it as at all
equivalent to meet any such deficiency in the crop as that
estimated.

In turning therefore from this branch of resource for the
poor to those afforded by existing and contemplated laws
for the encouragement of public workQ, we are islet by diffi-
culties attaching peculiarly to the present emergency.
In all cases of public distress, it is necessary, as stated by
the Commission of 1822 (16th May), to prefer small local
undertakings, where employment in labour is to be given, to
those on a great scale. Works on a greater scale have a
tendency to invite an accumulation of numbers to a given
spot, and probably to disappoint the greater part of them.
That which is necessary on all such occasions is pecu-
liarly necessary now; the extreme variety in the extent of
the potato failure, and the minute and insulated subdivisions
of land in which it prevails, lead us to entertain the greatest
doubt whether any fidjustment of public works can be made
to meet the need wherever it may occur; and it must be
met, or death from famine may be the result.
Sir John M'Neill, a highly competent authority, in a
document transmitted to us, estimates the distance to which
the benefit of employment in public works extends at five
miles only. (Signed)
EDWARD LUCAS, Chairman.

COMMITTAL of a. SHAREBROKER
FOR FORGERY.
On Saturday last Herman Julius Marcus, a stock and share-
broker carrying on business in Leeds, was brought before the
Mayor (Mr. J. D. Luecock) and Mr. E. Baines and Mr. D.
W. Nell, two of the Leeds borough justices, for final exami-
Nation on a charge of forgery. The examination terminated
in the committal of the prisoner for trial at the ensuing as-
sizes at York, but the magistrates consented to admit the
prisoner to bail—himself being bound in reeognizances to
the amount of 3001., and sureties to the same amount. The
case is one of a rather peculiar character, and from the re-
spectability of the prisoner, his position in society, and other
circumstances, great interest has been excited in Leeds by
the discovery of the alleged forgery, and the Borough Court-
, house, in which the examination took place, was crowded in
every part by the principal merchants, tradesmen, share-
brokers, and other respectable inhabitants of the town and
neighbourhood. Before giving an outline of the facts of the
case, as developed by the evidence, we may mention
that Mr. Marcus, who is a German by birth, but
has been naturalised in England by a special Act of Parlia-
ment passed some years age, has resided in Leeds a long
time, and followed O.; business of a wool-broker, till the
spring of last year, when he gave up that business, and
started as a stuck and sharebroker, in partnership with a
gentleman named Naylor, under the firm of Marcus, Nay-
lor, and Co. The partnership, however, was dissolved
some few months ago, and after the alleged forgery was
committed, but of the forgery Mr. Naylor appears-to have
had not the slightest knowledge or suspicion till it was dis-
covered a few days ago. Mr. Marcus for many years past
has taken an active part in the management of the Me-
chanise' Institute the Philosophical and Literary Society,
and some other institutions for the promotion of know -
ledge, as wel as others for benevolent and charitable ob-
jects. He is a man of considerable natural abilities and
mental acquirements, and has hitherto been received in
society as a man of irreproachable character. The party
whose name he is alleged to have forged was one of his
most intimate friends, Mr. Darnton Lupton, a magistrate of
the borough, and the Mayor of Leeds for the ye!ir ending
the 9th of November last. The facts of the case may be
briefly stated as follows :—ln the mouth of July last.- Mr.
Marcus bought of Mr. Henry Ellvthorpe Robson, ofiver-
pool, 87 shares in the London and Croydon Railway for the
sum of 1,999/., and also 13 other shares in the same railway
for the sum of 299/. On the usual transfer deeds for the
transfer of these shares being executed, Mr. Marcus had the
deeds filled up in the form of a transfer of the shares to Mr.
Lupton, and he signed the name " Darnton Lupton" to the
deeds, in the capacity of the transferee, and put his own
name, "H. J. Marcus," as the attesting witness. The 100
London and Croydon shares thus bought were afterwards
sold by Messrs. Alarcus and Naylor, in lots, to five or six
different persons ant in the various deeds necessary for the
transfer of the different lots of shares, Mr. Marcus signed
the name of Mr. Lupton as the transferer. The money for
the purchase of the shares was paid by the firm, and the va-
rious transactions were entered in the partnership books as
on account of Mr. Lupton; but Mr. Lupton denied that he
had anything to do with the purchase or sale of the shares,
and that Mr. Marcus had no authority from him to sign his
name. The whole 100 shares were sold for about 174/.los.
more than they cost, which balance Mr. Naylor said he un-
deretoo4 had been paid by Mr. Marcus to Mr. Lupton, for he
(Mr. Naylor) had got none of it.
Mr. Sanderson, solicitor, appeared before the magistrates
for the prisoner, and in the course of his cross-examina-
tion of the principal witnesses he elicited the fact that Mr.
Lupton had some time before the transaction in July last,
in a conversation with Mr. Marcus, gave him some autho-
rity to buy shares for him when he saw the opportunity of
making a good investment, that after the purchase of the
shares in question they fell in price below that given for
them by Mr. Marcus, and that some weeks elapsed before
they rose again so as to allow Mr. Marcus to sell them at a
profit; indeed, that he sold the first lot of them at a loss.
Mr. Sanderson was allowed to address the bench, and in
an able speech he contended that Mr. Marcus had not been
guilty of fraud, nor the intention of fraud, and therefore,
though he had committed an improper and an immoral act,
he was not guilty of forgery.
The Magistrates, however, took a different view of the
case, and committed the prisoner for trial.
He appeared to feel his degraded position most keenly, and
left the Court in tears. When first taken into custody he
made an attempt to commit suicide by taking laudanum,
but was prevented by the timely interference of a police-
officer.

BRITISH AND FOREIGN IN-
STITUTE.

A very interesting conversazione took place on Saturday
at the above Institute, when the question of the best
means of increasing the supply of food to the people
was discussed. The attendance was not so numerous as
might have been anticipated from the interesting nature
of the subject. Mr. J. S. Buckingham opened the dis-
cussion by observing that a deficiency of food was one of
the greatest evils that could befal a country, as its con-
sequences fell on those least able to bear them, the poor
—while these consequences reacted on the rich, who
were the only parties able to provide for the
poor. It was also injurious in a moral point of
view, as when a people were pressed by hunger they
could not respect the barriers between right and
wrong. Various causes tended to produce a deficiency
of food ; ignorance was one cause ; on the banks of the
Missouri and along the valley of the Missisippi there
were millions of acres lying unproductive, because the
Indians were ignorant of the method of? cultivation.
Indolence was another cause, while tyranny and des-
potism formed a third cause, for no man would sow when
he was ignorant as to whether he should reap. Having
alluded to the causes of deficiency of food, he would now
bring forward his plans for preventing that evil. The
first was by draining the bogs and fens of England and
Ireland. This should be undertaken by -Government,
for private individuals could not expend the sums requi-
site for draining on the necessary scale, nor, could they
afford to wait till a profit was returned. There were
many successful instances of draining in England—Chat
Moss, for instance, which, not many years ago, was
totally barren ; there were also the fens of Lincolnshire.
His next plan was to convert all the waste lands of Eng-
land and Scotland into productive land, by covering their
surface with fresh soil by means of manures and earth
brought from elsewhere. He mentioned several instances
in which land formerly barren was now most fertile.
Malta, when it was presented to the Knights of St. John
of Jerusalem by Charles V., had not one hundred acres
of productive land in the whole island. The Knights of
St. John, however, had caused shiploads of earth to be
brought from Sicily, and made a layer of soil on the
surface of the rock, so that Malta was now one of the
most fertile spots on the face of the earth. Then there
were the numerous lakes in the North of England,
which might be stocked with fish from the ocean.
It was thought that sea-fish could not live in fresh
water, but this was a mistake; for many species of
fish were common to both, such as the salmon, smelt,
lamprey, and others. Another means of preventing
a scarcity of food was by carrying out sea-fishing to a
large extent by Government, who might provide a
number of vessels, and man them with seamen, under a
system of proper discipline, with officers who might be
taken from the half-pay list of the navy. This would
form a nursery for sailors for the navy, while it would
amply pay all its own expenses. For Ireland such a
scheme would be of especial advantage, as the sea along
the coast of that country was teeming with fish; an ad-
vantage of which the people, from their poverty, were
unable to avail themselves. A proper system of sewerage,
too, would also be of great advantage, as the manure thus
obtained might be employed for the fertilisation of the
soil, instead of, as now, running to waste ;
at the same time, it would be a positive saving from
the superior cleanliness thereby produced. The last
remedy he would propose, was freedom of exchange
with other nations. England had immense stores of
iron and coal, great mechanical invention, and un-
wearied industry • aided by these, she could produce
great quantities of manufactured articles, which she
might then exchange with other nations for articles of
food. Mr. Buckingham concluded by observing that
the mutual dependence of nations OR each other was the
best guarantee for peace.
An animated discussion then followed on the ques-
tion, and many interesting facts were adduced in favour
of the views advanced by Mr. Bucicingham.
The party did not break up till a late hour.

FOREIGN Paovxsioxs.—The arrivals of cattle and

provisions from the different continental states within these
few days have, as may be supposed, been of a somewhat
limited nature, which may very reasonably be attributed to
the alterations about to be proposed with reference to the
duties chargeable upon them on importation into this coun-
try. The weather is remarkably mild for the season, and no
difficulty appears to be experienced in clearing from the ports
of Rotterdam, Hamburgh, and other Dutch and German
ports, still the importations of cattle during the past week
have been of a very trifling character compared with previous
weeks, as the market returns have shown, and it is evident
that the owners and feeders of cattle in olland are holding
back and declining to send cattle over for the present to any
greater extent than is absolntel7 necessary to meet pending
engagements or keep a position in the metropolitan markets.
If our space permitted it, it would be interesting to men.
tion some of the importations, which have taken place
within the last ten days, although the arrivals during
the latter portion of them 'have been of a very scanty
have
nature, excepting the supplies of poultry, butter, and
other articles of general consumption, from France
been of the
and Belgium, which
usual
irent
varieties
arrival, itwould be
enumeratethe d
theirlf order weerorfe
roinpsti o
inns.
small seen that
importations o rdtesa tei
the supplies of cattle have borne but a d proportion of
them, and although numerous in quantity, important in
character, are not to be compared with the
supplies of
three or four previous weeks, _ when several vessels arrived
almost daily with cargoes of cattle. Past experience has
proved the capabilities of foreign
states, and especially
Holland, to produce and supply us with cattle and pro-
vions generally; and it would be difficult to say with
any degree of correctness, to how great an extent those ca-
pabilities can be increased, if the import duties at present
levied upon them
are, as is probable will be the case,
entirely remitted. Holland is, unquestionably, of super-
eminet importance among the continental states, in the
matter of the production and supply of these necessaries ;
and that country will, doubtless, consequently experience a
very considerable proportion of the advantages which will
accrue, if the proposed remission of the duties on cattle, and
the reductions of duties on other articles of provisions, be car-
ied into effect.

THE FISHERY CONVENTION.—This important treaty,
brought about by the perseverance of the gallant representa-
tive for Brighton, has just yielded most valuable first fruits.
About ten days ago, during a violent gale off Beachy Head,
one of our boats, the Sir Robert Peel, the property of Mr.
Henry Pocock, parted with twenty-nine of her nets. These
wore subsequently picked up by a Dieppe fishing-boat, taken
icto the French port, and in obedience to the Fishing Conven-
tion were given by the crew into the custody of the Douane at
Dieppe. The number attached to the nets, as required by the
provis►ons of the Convention, informed the French authors •
ties that they belonged to a boat sailing from the port of
Shoreham, communication was instantly made to the Eng-
lish Consul at the French port, who, in his turn, sent i_ntiteal‘l,.ie-
gence of the recovery of the nets to this country; angci.,l
are
tin satisfaction to add that the whole of them, which
valued at upwards 70/., have been restored to
,*ilinP2Tucink:
who has only been required to re-pay anvdercirytlll2 _
g he um,
which had been disbursed for phaicrottrirt
an expense which he must haveh.ch ged,abad the nets been
they parted. The good
French fishermen as by the
recovered by the boat fbryomthwe
faith displayed as w
e at Dieppe, and the prompt mea-
suresgentlemen of the Douan
Consul
our at that port, are deservinto;
prove incontestably the entente cor-
diale
of M. Chapman,l
the two great nAtion...,
ofttie
whichhighes t poxraiisstes, and prove
Xrighton Guardian•

MONEY MARKET and CITY NEWS.

-
(From the Observer.)
It is now very many weeks sinee, writing from the
information derived from practical and influential men,
that it was stated under this head that the fall in the
values of the Public Securities could be but of a tem-
porary character, and that the attempt so zealously made
to excite alarm by a leading daily contemporary would
turn out to be at leas( founded upon great exaggeration.
Furthermore, it was stated that, upon all reasonable in-
ferences, and with the general reservation that peace and
tranquillity should not be interfered with, either as
respects home or foreign relations, the quotations of the
Public Securities would rapidly ascend to the high point
paid before the forced panic in the railway world was at
its zenith. And very nearly has the opinion then ex-
pressed been realised. Consols have this week advanced
almost continuously, and have attained a value within
1 per cent. of that realised ere the deposits upon new
railway projects required for completion that nume-
rous sales of Stock and Exchequer-bills should be made.
Hence the reaction in Consols, &c. of about 5f to 6 per cent.
upon a value acknowledged to have been high, and out
of all proportion to what was the rate of interest upon
the first class of commercial paper. The most extreme
divary fact in reference to the state of the Money Mar-
ket, and as exhibiting the fallacies of the assertions of
the panic mongers, is that with deposits daily, and al-
most hourly increasing at the Bank of England, on be-
half of the managing body of fresh railways, amounting,
according to the last returns, to about 11,000,0001., re-
mains to be recorded. This largo amount of capital,
until the last eight. and.forty hours, or the great bulk
of it, hrs been actual'y kept hermetically closed up,
either in the hands of the private bankers, or in the pos-
ses •,ioa of the directors of the Bank of England. And
how is this fact established ? Why, by a reference to
tie last Bank returns. It appears that under the head of
" other deposits" in the weekly return from the Bank,
there was not less than 17,000,0001. and over, and with-
out producing anything like a panic in the Money Market,
or reqeiring any measures of a coercive tendency on the
part of the directors of the corporation. The chances now
are that era the month of April arrives the Three per
Cent. Consols will again touch par. Mercantile men,
however, it must be confessed, are not very anxious now
to operate with vigour, nor will they do so until the new
measures of the Premier be carried out, and hence there
are much larger balances in the hands of bankers and
the discount houses than is usual at this season of the
year. And the same remark will apply to and account
for the present condition of the Stock Markets, but only
to a limited degree. The present favourable aspect of
the Funds, may in truth be stated in a few and concise
words. As the de.'line was occasioned by sales to pay
railway Oeposits some months since, and as re-invest-
ments have been recently commenced, the present
supply is scarcely equal to the demand. Most
especially, too, ought it to be borne in mind that
all fears of a panic and a consequent necessity of the
screw being put upon the irculation, have for some time
ceased to operate upon the minds of bona fide fundholders.
The almost daily purchases of the G vernment Brokers
—say to the amount of from 21,0001. to 22,0001., in
diminution of the Public Debt—on behalf of the Savings'
Banks (5,0001 on each Transfer Day), and for the An-
nuity Fund, have, of course, strengthened the movements
of the operators for a rise, and per contra, led to many
and serious lapses, it is to be apprehended, on the part
of the Bears. The remarks upon the transactions of
the first week of the present month may be wound up by
stating, as far as the brokers and jobbers are concerned,
it has been one of considerable profit, business having
been very animated.