The Sun.
London, England, 1846-10-09 00:00:00

AFFAIRS OF EGYPT.

ALEXXNDItIA, :SEPT. 23.—The lion. East India Com-
pany's ,ti ainer Si miramis arm( dat Suez n the morn-
ing ti:e 221 ins•ant, with the Bombay mail of the 27th
of August, and thirteen passengers ; she met with very
bad vt either on her way up.

Lieutenant Wrighornls dispatch was conveyed from
Suez to Alexandria in the very short space of sixteen
hours and a half. The courier rode across the desert
from Suez to Cairo, a distance of eighty-four miles, in
fire hours and a half, having relays of horses every five
miles ; a steamer started at once from Cairo on the
arrival of the dispatch, and came down the river to
Atfeh, at the head of the canal, in nine hours ; and a
horse express rode from Atfeh to Alexandria, along the
banks of the canal, in four hours and a half. Her Ma-
jesty's steamer Ardent, which was waiting here for the
purpose, got out of the harbour at 20 minutes to 8 o'clock
on the morning of the 23d, and as the English steamer
Iberia, with the bulk of the Indian mails, sails only
this morning, the Ardent will have had the start of her
from Alexandria by 'fifty hours. In order, however, to
make a fair trial, by which to test effectively the two
routes, two steamers of similar power should start from
Alexandria at the same time, one for Marseilles and the
other for celeste, znd the first dispatch received in Lon-
don would prove which was the quickest route.
In confirmation of intelligence received here from
Messrs. J. C. and H. Freshfield, the London solicitors, a
package has been found at Cairo containing a large
quantity of paper, somewhat similar in shape to the
Bank of England notes. This paper was sent out to
Egypt by the late Mr. C. W. Thornton, who committed
suicide on the 29th of August in the Marylebone
station-house, where he had been taken into custody
for having passed some forged Bank of England notes.
The package was addressed to the care of an English
resident at Cairo, to whom Mr. Thornton had written
to deliver it to a Mr. Dupont on his paying for
the cost. No application for it has been made,
and it is not likely that it will be claimed at
all, now that the whole transaction has come to
light. It is presumed that Thornton, aided, no doubt,
by some confederates, intended to come to Egypt with
the necessary implements, and quietly carry out his de-
sign in Cairo, where the note: might have been forged
in perfect security, to be afterwards circulated in India
or elsewhere. The only mark at present on the paper
is the name of Dupont and Co., engraved on the margin,
and by cutting off this part the form of the remainder
becomes exactly similar to that of the Bank of England
notes.
In Egypt Mr. Thornton was always considered a very
honourable man, and the post he occupied at Cairo was
one of great trust. He had great talent in the art of
engraving.
Mehemet Ali is still at Alexandria; his Highness in-
tends to proceed to Cairo shortly, and one night last
week he suddenly issued orders for his steamers to be got
in readiness to take him up to the capital, but towards
morning he as suddenly changed his mind again.
His Highness has convened a meeting in Alexandria
of all. the Governors and Sheiks of the provinces and
villages in the Delta, for the purpose of adopting new
measures for the improvement and extension of the cul-
tivation of.the land.
There has-been another skirmish at Aden. A body
of 5,000 Arabs attacked the town in broad daylight, but
being repulsed they were:. boon compelled to retire with
asever.e loss in killed and wounded.

THE VACAINT.The
vacancy in the
Episcopal Bench caused by the death of Dr. Carey, is not
yet filled up, and it is presumed the arrangements con-
nected with the creation of the new see of Manchester
are still incomplete. Several names are before the public,
and it must not be• forgotten that Lords John Russell,
Grey; and Clarendon, afi have brothers in the Church
and that the appointment of any one of these reverend
gentlemen would be generally acceptable to the public.
A clergyman of deserved popularity is mentioned in
well-informed circles as likely to be made bishop by the
Queen, on this or a future occasion—we allude to the
Bon. and Rev. B. W. Noel.—Cambridge Advertiser,

---
WOLVERHAMPTON ADDRESS
TO SIR ROBERT PEEL.
(From the Wolverhampton Chronicle.)
The address to Sir Robert Peel, decided upon at the
town's meeting, held at the Public Office, some time ago,
was last week transmitted by Mr. I. Fellows to the
Right Honourable Baronet. The following are copies
of the letter accompanying the address, and of Sir
Robert Peel's reply
" Wolverhampton, Oct. 1, 1846.
" Sir,—With much satisfaction I fulfil the duty of
transmitting to you theiaccompanying address, from in-
habitants of Wolverhampton, expressing their grateful
sense of the sacrifices and exertions made by you in
promoting the cause of Free Trade, and more parti-
cularly in effecting the recent change of the Corn Laws
—a change involving in principle the total repeal of all
prohibitory or distinctive duties on necessaries of life,
and which they believe will greatly promote the com-
mercial intercourse and prosperity of the empire.
" The inhabitants of Wolverhampton, sir, may justly
claim the credit of having long given their support,
through the medium of their representatives in Parlia-
ment, to the principles 'of commercial legislation, which
they now have the pleasure to behold generally recog-
nised and extensively adopted ; and it adds much to
their confidence in the soundness of their views, to find
them embraced by a statesman like yourself, distin-
guished for the caution and practical character of his
legislation.
" The proposition for this address was unanimously
adopted at a Loan's meeting, and it would have been
presented at en earlier date had not the illness and sub-
sequent decease of Richard Fryer, Esq., who presided
as chairman, operated to produce delay.—l sm, sir,
your's very respectfully, " ISAAC FELLOWS.
" To Sir Robert Peel, Bart., Drayton
Manor, Staffordshire."
" Drayton Manor, Oct. 5, 1846.
" Gentlemen,—l return to you my grateful acknow-
ledgments for the address which you have transmitted
to me.
" There is no constituency in the United Kingdom
more honourably conspicuous than that of Wolver-
hampton for a zealous support of the principles which
are favourable to the freedom of commercial intercourse
between nations. They are entitled to a share of the
credit which is justly due to one of their representatives
in Parliament (Mr. Villiers), by whom those principles
have been advocated for many years, under adverse as
well as prosperous circumstances, with great perse-
verance and singular ability.
" I am little disturbed by the imputations which have
been cast upon me, because I know that in the course
which I have pursued I have been influenced by no
other motive than a sense of publio duty, and the con-
scientious belief that the measures I proposed for the
relaxation of restrictions upon commerce, and the early
repeal of taxes on the import of food would be con-
ducive to the general welfare.
"It cannot fail, however, to be very gratifying to my
feelings to receive such cordial assurances of approbation
and esteem as those which are conveyed in your address.
"I have the honour to be, gentlemen,
Your faithful servant,
" ROBERT PEEL.
" To Isaac Fellows, Esq., &c."

GREAT EVENTS FROM L

ITTLE

CAUSES SPRING."

A curious incident, which occurred a day or two ago,
in the market of Brussels, has led to a discovery of some
importance. A woman, whose appearance was that of a
workwoman in easy circumstances, had taken an apple
from the stall of a fruiterer in the market, without pay-
, ing for it, when she was taken before ',NI. Lenoir, magis-
I trate of police. The woman, who gave the name of
Chariot, said. in justification of her conduct, that she had
no thought of stealing the apple, and that there was
some mistake on the part of the fruit salesman. In-
quiries were made respecting her character, which
was excellent, and as the delinquency was of so
trifling a nature, the magistrate was on the point of dis-
charging her, but first thought it his duty to ask her
some questions : he inquired the name of her family, to
which she replied that her parents' name was Glatigny.
This name struck M. Lenoir, who continued his inter-
rogatory and at last elicited that Madame Chalot had
already been condemned for theft. and that she was
the widow of an individual who, after having followed
the trade of a currier at Villers Cotterets, had beon
arrested at Paris on a charge of assassination, in
September, 1844, and was even suspected of being an
accomplice in the murder of M. Donon Cadot. Char-
iot, after his arrest, had attempted to commit sui-
cide. He was taken to the hospital of la Chari* and
there succeeded in accomplishing his project of self-
destruction by a somewhat singular trick. The physician
had prescribed opium pills for him. Chariot, instead of
taking them singly, as ordered, concealed them till he
had collected a large quantity, when he swallowed them
all at once, and thus poisoned himself. This information
decided M. Lenoir in remanding Mme. Chariot, and on
paying a visit to her apartments to make a search,
where, to his great surprise, he discovered a complete
stock of stationery, ticketed and carefully arranged in
cases, as if prepared for sale- In fact, for about 12 years,
Mme. Chariot had been at work with the principal sta-
tioners of Paris, who all considered her as an honest,
clever, and intelligent workwoman, and during all that
time she had abstracted, unnoticed, goods enough to,
set up herself as a stationer. This was a project she
was about to realise, when the ill-fated apple of the
market-woman destroyed her prospects. She possessed,
besides, 14,000 francs in Bank of Brussels shares, and
600 francs in silver and gold coin. She was, moreover,
very parsimonious towards herself, and although she
earned good wages, frequently took from the houses in
a hich she worked crusts of bread, which she toasted for
her own use, in order to avoid purchasing at the bake ra.
[lad not the trifling incident of the theft of an apple led
to her detection, Mme. Chariot would doubtless have
continued her delinquencies undiscovered, and enjoyed
the reputation of an honest shopkeeper.

COAST DEFENCES.—Orders have been received to
prepare thirty-three towers between Hastings and Sea-
ford to receive guns. When the towers were abandoned,
or considered no longer necessary as means of defence,
they were inhabited by men in the coast-guard service
and their families. The tops of the towers were cemented
over in a dome form, up to the top of the spindle on
which the swivA gun was fixed. The whole of that
covering is ordered to be forthwith taken off, and a new
traversing course of stone to be laid down.—Brighton
Guardian.

PORTUGUESE FRUITS.—The importation of onions
arid graps from Portugal has continued to take place to
an extent quite unprecedented. One vessel had an
entire cargo, comprising the large number of 843 boxes
of onions ; another, from Oporto, in addition to a cargo
of wine, 372 boxes of onions ; a third, from Li bon,
340 packages of onions and nearly. 500 boxes of grapes;
a fourth, the ProvidencP, from Lisbon, a large quantity
of onions and 650 packages of grapes ; the %Vorthing•
ton, from Oporto, 668 packages of onions ; the Wys.ui,
from Lisbon, the extraordinarily large number of 1,509
packages of onions and 831 packages of grapes ; an i
the Charles, from Oporto, 919 packages of onions ; all
of which arrivali took place in one day, the vessels by
wineth,s wahndut othero f t
ePortuguesei pnrso do
of
etthi oen sk.
which they were imported being more or less laden with
n dTi°s-ei nil); impractic-
able, tat e
i e.
able, but the above list of such supplies in one day will
suffice to illustrate the extent to which they are now
carried.

INTRODUCTION OF THE CULTIVATION OF RICE
INTO FRANCE.—The design has been formed of intro-
ducing the culture of rice into the delta of the Rhone.
According to experiments made on a surface of 25 hec-
tares, the rice plant promises a p!entiful yield of about
50 per cent. In the sitting of the Scientific Congress,
at Mars nes, on the 9th ult., a calculation was pre-
sented, according to which above 20,000 hectares (about
48,500 acres) of the salt land at the mouths of the
Rhone, and which is capable of being flooded, could be
turned into rice fields. The whole area, at an average
of 50f, per hectare, is now scarcely worth 2,000,000 E,
while if rice were grown upon it, it would be worth
3,000 f. per hectare, (the hectare is a trifle less than 2f
acres), and thus the landed property of the department
would be increased in value by 120,000,000 E, and even
200,000,000 E, if this branch of agriculture were also
introduced into the neighbouring departments. The
cost of preparing a hectare of rice plantation, rendering
it productive, solving, watering, weeding, and reaping
is at most 350 f., the average produce is estimated at
1,500 kilos. per hectare of cleansed rice, which, at the
rate of 40E per 100 kilos., would give 600 E, being a net
profit of 250 f. The Congress hereon unanimously re-
solved to declare their wish that the Government would
take,measures to aid, by every means' in its power, the
improvement of the salt and marshy lands of the Medi-
terranean departments, so that the cultivation of rice
might ba generally introducedl therein. If the failure of
the potato continue, rice and maize are destined to form
an ktnportant portion of the food of the people of Europe.
The entire domestic economy of the people would
thereby undergo a profound and radical change.
MINERAL WEALTH OF THE UNITED KINGDOM.—
Yesterday Professor Tennent delivered the first of his
course of lectures for the present session of mineralo-
gical geology to a very numerous class at King's Col-
lege. Having commenced with a review of the history
of the science from the period when the facts upon which
it was founded first attracted attention, until the present
time, in describing the interesting chemical analogy
observable in various geological formations, and parti-
cularly as instanced in coal, plumbago, and the diamond,
he referred to the very satisfactory arrangements of the
collections at the British Museum, of which this forms
the basis. In the course of his observations the lecturer
stated the annual amount of the mineral wealth of this
country to exceed 25 millions. Of this, 9,100,0001. was
from coal, 8,400,000/. from iron, 1,200,0001. from copper,
920,0001. lead, 400,0001. salt, 390,0001. tin, 60,0001. man-
ganese, 35,0001. silver, 22,0004 alum, 8,0001. zinc, and
25,0004 the various other metals, as antimony, bismuth,
, arsenic, &c.
STATE BULLETINS FOR SPAIN.—Such is the alarm-
ing condition of Spain, that it would be highly satisfac-
tory to the rest of Europe if she were regularly attended
by state physicians, who, at brief intervals, should pub-
lish official bulletins of her health, as, for instance—
" 6, A.m. Spain has passed a tolerable night, but is
slightly troubled with symptoms of commotion this
morning. 11, A.M. Within the last hour a revolution
has broken out in Spain, but it has been suppressed with
a moderate amount of bloodshed ; and for the last five
minutes Spain has been tranquil. 1, P.M. The tranquil-
lity which was restored to Spain at five minutes to eleven,
lasted up to a quarter to twelve, when insurrections began
to manifest themselves in a few provinces; and since
that time she has been labouring under febrile agitation.
6. P.M. The agitation of Spain continued till four o'clock,
when a remission of symptoms took place; but at five
she had a relapse, and the insurrectionary movements
have recurred in paroxysms every quarter of an hour.
11i, P.M. Spain has just lost a little more blood, which
appears to have relieved her, and for the last ten minutes
has enjoyed profound repose."—Punch.

ATROCITIES of the SLAVE TRADE,
In November last the barque Pons, of Philadelphia,
commanded by Captain James Berry, was at anchor in
the port of Cabinda (Africa), for some time before taking
in the slaves, during which time she was watched by her
Britannic Majesty's brig Cygnet, Captain Layton, com-
mander. The slaver had come from Rio, and a person
named Gallant), an Italian, who embarked in her as a
passenger, had entered into an arrangement by which
she was to be given up to him on their arrival at the
coast. On the morning of the 27th, the Cygnet, being
ordered to leave the coast, was got under weigh, and
stood out to sea, and the captain of the slaver taking
advantage of this circumstance, immediately commenced
getting on board the slaves, with the water, provisions,
&c.; so expeditious were they in their movements, that
at eight o'clock the same evening the vessel had left
Cabinda, having embarked 903 slaves. She did not
stand out to sea immediately, but kept along the coast
during the night, and at daylight, being off Kacongo,
twenty. five miles north of Cabinda, they discovered the
Cygnet in the offing. Under these circumstances, they
drifted near the shore, so that a number of negroes
lined the beach, in the expectation of her going
aground and becoming a wreck. Towards noon,
however, the Cygnet drew off from the land, and the
crew of the slaver, finding that they had not been ob-
served, set all sail and cleared the shore. About this
time the United States ship Yorktown, under the com-
mand of Captain Bell, having observed her motions, and
judging that she was engaged in the traffic of slavery,
gave chase, and, after a run of two days, succeeded in
capturing her, in lat. 3 deg. south. When first observed,
she hoisted American colours, under the impression that
the vessel in chase was a British cruiser, but, discovering
her mistake, raised the Portuguese flag. Owing, how-
ever, to Captain Bell first showing cne colour and then
another, the captain of the slaver became confused, and,
during the fright, threw all his papers overboard, which
he admitted on being captured. When the slaves became
acquainted with the fact of their re-capture, they were
so overcome with joy, that they gave a shout which
might have been heard at the distance of a mile. The crew
consisted of Spaniards, Portuguese, Brazilians, and sea-
men from other nations. On examination it was found
that she had shipped upwards of 900 slaves between the
ages of eight and thirty, embracing forty-seven girls;
and that about twenty had died, although the vessel had
been out only three days. The slave ship was then
placed under the command of Lieutenant Cogdell, who
proceeded with the victims to Liberia, where he arrived
on the 15th Decbmber, and landed all that remained
alive, amounting to 756, upwards of 180 having died on
the passage. About 30, who were in a dying condition,
survived only a short time after their arrival. The
vessel had no slave deck, and upwards of 850 of the
wretched human beings (males) were piled almost in a
bulk on the water casks below, while 40 or 50 females
occupied one-half of the round-house cabin on the deck.
She was bound to Rio Janeiro, and being a
vessel of only about 350 tons, it seemed impossible that
one-half of the slaves could have lived to cross the
Atlantic. The captain said he had intended to ship
400 or 500 more, had he not been prevented by
the proximity of an English cruiser. The suffer-
ings of the poor wretches can scarcely be imagined, as
the stench from below was so great, that it was impos-
sible to stand more than a few moments near the hatch-
ways, and several of the ship's crew who went below,
from curiosity, were brought up sick in a few minutes.
The victims of the traffic were taken in charge by Dr.
Lugenbeel, the secretary of the American Colonization
Society at Monrovia (Liberia), and afterwards plaCed
under the care of responsible persons in the colony, a
guarantee being required that they should be humanely
treated. The Rev. W. B. Hoyt, missionary from the
Episcopal Society at Monrovia, visited the Pons on her
arrival at Liberia, and describes the scene which was
then presented as of the most appalling character, the
living and the dying being crowded together with less
care than would have been bestowed on the brute crea-
tion. Some of them were so emaciated, that their bones
almost protruded through the flesh, while others had
upon their bodies large sores produced by lying on
the planks of the vessel, the ulcers being covered with
swarms of flies, who were feeding as upon a dead carcass.
The thermometer in the hold would, it was supposed,
range between 110 to 120 degrees. Several of the suf-
ferers had jumped overboard during the passage, and
others would, no doubt, have done so if an opportunity
had been afforded them. The prize-master stated that
as soon as a slave became helpless through debility or
sickness, those around would strangle him in order that
his body might be removed, and more room thus afforded
to his companions. The Italian captain was brought to
Liberia in the Yorktown, as a prisoner, but on his ar-
rival he was released by the officer in command : and
such was the excitement amongst the inhabitants of the
colony against him, owing to the lawless and ferocious
brutality he exhibited, that it was deemed unsafe for him
to remain on the beach. Tie stayed only a few days, and
then sailed for South America. It appeared he had been
engaged in the slave trade upwards of 20 years, during
which period he had been six times captured by English
cruisers, but had, nevertheless, made many successful
voyages. The whole affair was no doubt arranged
between him and Berry before the ship sailed from Rio,
but it is thought the parties cannot be brought to justice
by the present laws of the United States The slaver
was ultimately taken into the river Delaware, and ex-
amined near the Navy-yard. The part of the round-
, house in which 47 of the female slaves were confined,
was found to be 11 feet 4 inches by 9 feet 6 inches,
and six feet in height. On each side wt re two tiers
(three in a tier) of spaces, probably intended as berths,
each about half the length of the room, two feet wide,
and the two upper ones in each tier two feet three inches
high. The berths on the level of the floor were only 18
inches in height. The hold measured 100 feet in length
by 21 feet 8 inches in the widest part. Several casks
were there, which had been eoecred with bags of
farina (the food of the slaves). upon which was
spread old coarse matting, forne eg a sort of platform,
on which the male slaves were sto sae?. When the bags
and mats were there, the height of the hold occu-
pied by the inmates could not be more than six feet.
The area of the platform was font:el by computation not
to exceed 1,720 feet, and as 850 slaves were stowed there,
each slave must have had only two square feet of room,
or a square space of 17 inches in the side. If they had
lain side by side, and each occupied 15 inches in ssidth,
and five feet in length, ftB6 of them wood have filled up
the whole space, but that was only about one third of
their actual number, and some idea may consequently
be formed of the suffering they must have endured. It
was found that when the hatches were closed they would
breathe all the air in the hold twice over within the hour.
There were but two apertures for the admission of fresh
air—one near the middle of the deck, six feet nine by
seven feet ; the ot'ner, three feet nine by three feet six,
with a step ladder occupying a small part of it. The
area of the two openings would be abut sixty square
feet, and those furnished the only means of ventilating
this pestilential receptacle for 850 human beings, during
the period which might be occupied in a voyage acrosa
the Atlantic.

AN UNSOPHISTICATED NV ITNESS.—DUring th t
sessi ns at Waketi, ld, a witness was asked if he was nu
a husbandman, when he hesitated for a moment, then
coolly replied, amid the laughter of the court, " Nae, sir,
I'se not married."
EXTORTION IN THE AR MY. —olle mode of de-
priving a recruit of his pay, is to give him an old
shattered musket, easily injured ; thus there are ten
chances to one that some part of it gets broken while
it is in his possession, and he has in conseqw nce a
round sum to pay on delivering it into the store, when
leaving the garrison. I have known this to be the
case with many persons, some of whom had to pay
ten shillings for stocking a musket in use for the past
forty years,. and the intrinsic value of which might be
ascertained by weighing the barrel, and calculating its
worth at twopence per pound. Whether such were
ever stocked is a question the armourer alone can de-
cide; but in any case, be and the pay-sergeants quietly
arranged it all their own way. Another method of
' deriving revenue from the occupants of Chatham Bar-
racks, is by barrack damages ; and the sum realised
from time to time, in this way, must be enormous. I
was twice quartered in this garrison; the first time for
four days, for which we were mulcted fourpence each.
There are usually about twenty dep6ts at Chatham,
' from each of which, at an average, one hundred men
are annually sent to India; and estimating the barrack
damages, charged to each man during the term of his
stay, at one shilling and sixpence, which I am certain
is under the mark, we have a sum of 3001.—a large
sum indeed, to be deducted yearly from the shilling,
the hard-earned shilling, of a few hundred soldiers.—
The Camp and Barrack-room.
SUICIDE OF A FEMALE.--Yesterday Mr. Mills
held an inquest at the George and Dragon, Upper Cleve-
land-street, Fitzroy-square, on the body of Margaret
Fitzgerald, or Walsh, aged 26. About three weeks
since she consented to live with a pensioner, in Little
Orchard-place, Portman-square. He left there, and
brought her to Cambridge-court, Cleveland-street.
He left her more than a week ago, and a prey to re-
morse, despair, and destitution, she hanged herself on
Monday morning, in a kitchen tenanted by several par-
ties in the above-named court, which the jury and the
summoning officer described as an unparalleled nuisance.
The jury, in the hope that publicity would cause the
proper authorities to abate the demoralizing nuisance,
having returned a verdict " That the deceased hanged
herself, but in what state of mind there is no evidence
to prove," appended to it, " That on viewing the place
where the deceased woman was found dead, they had
found the court to be ill ventilated, dark, and filthy in
the highest degree, and unfit for the residence of human
beings; and they express a hope that either the pro-
prietors of the houses in Cambridge-court will speedily
voluntarily put them in a proper and habitable condition,
or the authorities in whom is vested the legal power to
abate nuisances in the metropolis will adopt measures
for compelling the said proprietors to amend the un-
healthy character of the buildings."
ATROCIOUS MURDER.--A murder under the most
dreadful circumstances has just been committed in the
electorate of Broach. A gang of bigoted ruffians having
lost several head of cattle from disease, attributed their
misfortune to the males oculus, or evil eye, of a poor
woman, who, with her husband and family, lived in the
jungles. The men proceeded in a body to the house of
these inoffensive people, and, in spite of supplications for
mercy, and attempts at resistance, succeeded in effecting
the horrid purpose for which they had gone. The
husband and other relatives who tried to defend the sus-
pected evil-eyed women were cruelly ill-treated, and she
was tied to a stake and burnt to death. The poor hus-
band has laid his case before the authorities of the Zillah
to which he belongs, and, doubtless, the most stringent
measures will be taken to punish the inhuman Perpe-
trators of this act, most of whom are fortunately known.
The authorities are not in the least to blame, as the deed
was committed in a place which is quite isolated, and
inhabited by a semi-barbarous people. Such is the state
of some part of India in 1846. What would railroads
not effect in helping to destroy the last relics of barba-
rism and disseminating civilivation among such a be-
uighted set?—Bombay Gentleman's Gazette.