The Sun.
London, England, 1846-07-20 00:00:00

. . •
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4....... . TII E StIN LONDON, M 0 '-lAA Y
, M. OaNl .N a, JU L Y 20, 1846.
, -6.,• .
.111.4.0. Y ~-.......................mme... . . ,
,S 011.1••••••.••••••.........., • ............ ..........................a. •••••,.............•••••••••••••••...1 ..••••••••••••4“......, .................... 1.......,-. . ' 4 . r.r. t i
Z 1,2. . LITERATURE. . 1 REI
er 314- t pry, the science of gastronnmy, a science which teaches ,
• • . . ....._. " 1 CO
le
&Iso ABUIIGH la:VIE IV, No. CLXIX. I the art of extracting from food, animal and veg, teble, THE •, R.EATENUE Ear c . . m A
e 15th, •
ai
,tr , are we more rejoiced in the perusal of the I the nutritious port:' es in s ell a maneer as to please the The s:
...
,14(1,) .ga keVieir than wh,,n its contribotorS contrive ' eye and the Otste, white at the same time the material ,
f Great 'i "rtte their ahstrwt disquisiions and anal,tive.l Its t.'cor.etnt-,ou to t.'“., w m ,st. The tollowing
.rassge • as
of Income, compared with the Expenditure; the Amount of nixes repealed or reduced, and of Taxes Saieua]
,•deem- it" with the • ; - -t. .. tb• , illy • , shows that M. Sot ,r has had cons durable experience onxpeDuelihtturev theireliyat i
dtheuSti.irpltis, or Deficiepcy
moving cacents alma o vo,ra ). , , ,
~ , _
....e. .
antries, ,in Sr.Ort, they embellish the expositlons the s tOtect ot sr la hhe treats.t An Accountjmpos,,,si.h(oiwisitninggutilslehhtm
the
tny tproinfeilpiaevl
"Itueeteisrlfeetlilveed&iaPni dt
a 1. the
ot. E
the '- ' an' 'st ati ri lieded; the Annual Charge of the Debt; and the i3alaneee ill the Exchequer at the Close of eaoh Year, for the Period
e Ale
abetter great truth b ersonal reminiscences of " Dttring the last ten montos I had to furnish 25,000 din-
from 1836 to 1845, both Years inclusive. .
of the
.s4:rigiornator, and associateyp with their oescrip- tiers. for the gentlemen of the Reform Club, and 38 dinner
istward . . • - - ' - • the
fermi- 3teas 4 great mind the vicissitude.s of parties of importance, comprising above 70,000 dishes, and to
Net Recsipt ' - .
• we:
TAXES IMPOSZD. Balances
Rod man, In the resent number this feature is in- Provide daily for 60 s-wales of the establishment, indepen- TAXES REPEALED OR REDUCED.
rguoluolltbe
Exicnbethgeuer
of Expenditure, • Capital of the 1 tak
usually . t Wed P s . , . dent of about 15,000 visitors which have seen the kitchen „
Lave re- - t'''tn() t with very considerable adroitness, and occupies department in that lapse of time." E Revenue, including ma
ee con- vkii. 8 prominent position in the collection of artic.es. Surplus. DeflaienoY• - _ _. .. . . , __.
Fur•Ddeebdt'andl Chtji‘t Re
4111111.4,1' hinist-lf of the recently published memoir of The result w that ~xperieneo we have in this volume. f., after deducting Charge Estimated Debt. at the
He ~iv(?s os tells of fare t, r pertirs ef all sizes, frem a Drevvbacks of Estimated Unfunded. 1 Ye
if Great 4 it; by Dr. G. E. Guhratter, the Reviewer has 1 and Collection. Amount. PRINCIPAL ITEM. Amount. PRINCIPAL ITEMS.
Close of the
e Right au Prod
evilia aced a most fascinating melange of memo- eoronetion briequet to a hacholor's snit party in cham-
bers. Ile also gives us plans of kitchens of all sizes, Repayments,. -- Year. sever
Hous
's Most kottlit;.. rYspecting that w(inderYul phitersopher, ap- ---,-------- ---.---- .0.0••••••••••••••••••••
Extra- % , Le_
and
Life 'Y d eneaginely inscribing his paper the from the mugnific,mt g,astr'onomical laboratory of the Re- ...- ---.-- X.
•X- X. ae. X. X. x-----. the 3
form Club to my " kitchen at Lome," which is suited to ' sE• 4. X. X. 59.010 log a
States; a__ , -, e. ('Pepper 1.• •• • ••• .
tie®, "11
Genius of Leibnitz." ' When it is the means and requirements of the solitary bachelor.
has, on• Pond
litelia l'retl that this extraordinary character was,
, Secre
. ttisePli more fully entitled to the designation of au Let all those who are tired of the eternal roast and IL SNueglia,
sintEp
ea
rs tsta Indiamp s i,. z ii i 39,470
1,003,786 Paper and Paper Hanging ... 394.500 3,991 DUTD,
788,398,570 29,243,599 6,049,3 2 • •
ig corn- beiled, alternating with chop and steak-who think that 1836 52,949,397 50,819,305 2,130,092 ..• •... I Spirit Licenses 142.000 0. that :
),4111,Z1 genius, that his writings are marvellously
and in 305.96. , o,o3cOis ~ . .. . . ' refer.
the fol- klst• °lls, that there is scarcely a single branch of mutton broth is not the only potage in the world-that
4%1111'11
owlechre which has not derived from his Intel- there are methods of dressing fish other than plain boil; 234 630 merit
••• • • . ••• -., ••• ••• ••• •••
... ••• •
655,760 786,319,738 24,489,571 4,127,973
• 14 some
-*
• ing and frsine, and other sauces than melted butter- 1837 50,663,353 51.319,113 ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• •••
289 8,423 decid
345,228 785,373,740 29,260,238 4,594,884 Bill t
allel of 1 name elucidation or some adornment, that nurchase M. Sovurs's beok. They will find that it. is 1838 51.375.520 51,780.748 •.• •.•
.:...... 1,3(4)3644(8),:01(1020060
63,418 Stage COttelleS
existing 1 ?'`ON te is enrolled amen the members of the 1,512,792 786,512,734 29,434,062 3,707,425
indeed that which it pr.,f•tses itsaf to be-a gastronom:o 1839 51,927,495 [Customs, five per cent. con
tad the ele,ssm!tiociety, that his body was aimnst as regenerator. . I Excise
tsdi.t.t.o ::: after
teen the 58,440,987 •... ...
ht limp in motion over the earth as his sentience
i United - 787,448 075 29 381 718 3,858,465 wita
kietn• "in the realms of knowledge, and that the ATR E.4TISE 0V RA //, WA Y SURVEYING 1840 51,95(403 1,258,939 Postage ... ... ... 1,240,000 2,274,240 i Ditto, Spiri
, , I 1,
y-ninth I Ifie .. • I Assessed Taxes, ten per cent... 311,477 repot
A 'which efluuri end literary history of the generation in which AND LE VE LLING. By John Que.ged, Surveyor. 53,444,353 ... ... 1,593,970
LPostage, Abolition of Franking 118,567
i thence there • sued may be said to have radiated about him, This should be the vade mecum ~f the young railway off tl
and of Asti:: surely no one individual but will acknowledge surveyor. It is strictly a practical work, containing 1841 52,363,949 54,465,318 ... ... 2,101,369 27,170 Rice in the Husk ...
•... 21,832 ... ...
201,113 ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• 790,874,608 29,450,145 3,653,810
12 le
ter, that . IU, would prove a noble and not an unprofitable ' 'nothing, superfluous. while noth'ins essential has been
. rCuffee ••• ••• •••
610089,4771: 5,629,989 Property- Tax ... 5,100,000 •
ieiset forunde
Export Duty on Coals ... 141,930
1 straits,. 411 ~,h„ investigation. Remarkable, however, as forgotten. Matters which have been hAherto treated
and ,that
, remain- ltila:. "1/40phic exertions were, prail,e as they ti•xt-beeps in such a manner as to appear abstruse 1842 51,244,335 .1
ETixmpoberrt
DanudtiWesood ...... :....
Spirits, Ireland ••• ••• 240,000 791,250,440 29,428,120 1,380,059
55,223,873 ... ... 3,979,538 1,596,366
I Chher Customs Duties ••• 579,639 Stamps, Ireland had 1
.‘leateel„auggestive as they were, his books are difficult, are so simplified by Mr. Quested as to bec0me77,779 -.-. 121,745 sews:
parallel.
itismetN....twelle.tvreier
sepheorur,sasedt, except by the bibliographer or plain and comprehensible. The work is profusely 11111 - Stage Coaches ... - .
aortherte Timber and Wood ... ... .126,453 peen.
; his intense, and in several in- trated with maps and diagrams. 240,000 ""'' 790,576,392 29,269,160 4,716,019 hims
the said. re epitiolis.proff)und labours in the field of knowledge, .••.•••,•••••••••••.........."'''..'''''''".'"MiMl 1843 56,945,041 55,501,739 1,443,304 ... ... 411,821 1 Spirits, Ireland ••• •••
empanys lying
Atesernusecie into his-mere name-a name which can,.
See point,l-Coffee ... ... ... • ... 86,174
I Currants 95 816 fecal
the Co- hie ee Ile ver be forgotten. Leibnitz, by his astonish-
fski, rsaeo•THE CAUSE OF HOT AND COLD
SUMMERS. 458,810 i Wool •. • 00.1 ••• ••• ' 97,140 .„ ~, schei
ts ocean, ~_ A1v.,4-. lilt as weeas by his pertinacious industry, 1844 58,459,751 55,103,643 3,356,106 „, ,„ 787,598,145 30,495,459 6,254,113 Yc
.v era,- it AN "sed himself with every sectional de- Dr. Ryer, the able professor of chemistry to the . I COME
the line tkohleecitit,?f science and literature. nearlyAs a metaphysician he Polytechnic Institution, in his lecture on Wednesday i Marine Insurances
..," ..•,..
6108:905492
Glass ... ••• •.. ... 41 ,000 Oat if t t•• , , ...
~.
Bill I
last, made some observations on the equalisations of „, „, ... 2,309,857 i
• I his less eminence, because of the phantasms they
„. 129,183 1 . tion
subjectm nth, "ls imagination unhappily amalgamated with temperature by atmospheric and marine currents, which . ... ...
,he serail .17 if,- ;„and this circumstance is sufficiently evidenced are not only interesting in themselves but also of vast • SCMlloogtltaaorsns e's'
Wool 1 Auctioneers' and Appraisers' ?. 1111
lowever,- importance as euides to thr prognostication of future23,72o 785,053,022 i 28,253,872 8,452,090
sewe
els eleelsosterous theory of " Monads," and that ,of Licenses eti a. 3
lbe con- 1845 57,690,704 .., 380,386
, _14(41) ote:tstablished Harmon than which perhaps no weather. The Doctor having shown that in the atmos-
ernment here there are always two currents of air passing in 53,873,062 3,817,642 ... ... 4,535,561 Coals,ohe uE.auxsptoormtsDputnyties.,. ... 115,438 23,720
the .
hey in
speculations were ever conceived. His PAuctions .„ ... •,. 305,000
.specting.' 64 00e ethic
Insisten6 1111i1 q ill physics may likewise be attributed to a
ar se • opposite directions and at diff.rent altitudes-the upper _ I.Glass ~. ••• 1,, ff, .e. , ~,
-----'''..--,•• I
. the i
121)448 ntienc, and one which our reviewer happily or heated stratum passing from the equator to the poles, , , ,
sersetorr the "as "his love of 'hypothesis, his fondness for
in) Par tand the lower or cold air from the poles to the equator, Whitehall, Treasury Chambers, July 3, 1846. , ED P. CARDWELL. spat
prof
as pro- ~-ssets'en.e„l abstract,_. and his impatience to arrive at a thus regulating the distribution of temperature over the
• --: prof
ry.:rights 'girt ill In jurisprudence Leibnitz was, on the con- earth-proceeded to prove that in the mighty
.ocean. An Estimate of the Population for each of the Years 1836
,stroi
subjects,An Account of the Value of the Imports into, and of the Exports
in
than a proficient, he was en originator; his itself we have precisely the same imenreint conditions to 1845, both inclusive, so far as the same can be given ; ' '
her pro-
ire tseitiZlie,
tin this duivision of learuninr4."beingtstified by res.belect.omlet,,i.s.,,a.ell known that heated matter expands from, the United Kingdom. during each of the Ten Years also, the Number of Persons Committed for Trial ie pres
shs al h°ending JanUary, 1846, calculated at the Official Rates of '
, fset
~,,,e Nova 1 ethodus and caw, Cot' besides and ti ;titer, while matter under the influence of
Valuation, and distinguishing the Amount ot the Produce A Statement of the Numbs an,l Tottnags of vessels entered Inwards and cleared Outwards in each Year, England and Wales in each of the niel Years ; together
"Itli "' Peter Gm-at having nominated elm as one cold contracts and becomes heavier. The water on the With a Statement, showing the Ratio of Increase or ereasrre
of ewe/ te ecoun • the surface of the ocean becomes cooled down by •
two causes ColonialitedtKuirnefidardiseexpeoxrptoedaefrdor
also,the
from 1836 to 1845, both inclusive, distinguishing Foreign Vessels from British, and distinguishing also the Decrease in the Triennial Periods ending with 1836, B
ictiltural : eat of., ell to compile his code of laws fir the govern- ' aVraldlutiaonf uktertenigsaonfdtteUnlB39, 1842, and 1845 respectively; also the Proper- poss
-first, by abstraction of heat owing to the floating ice Foreign from the Coasting Trade,
sh. all be : atel,2lle Russilis-an intention which was unfor- a ating the Amount of the Produce and Manufactures of the
United Kingdom, exported therefrom, according to the Real . tion of Commitments to the Estimated Amount of the trite:
be a Italy kis!, frustrated. As a theologian Leibnitz rather. Passing from the northward. Now the co sled water
being rendered denser sinks and forces to the surface
or Declared Value thereof. . .. . Population in each of the said Years. ' Con
lby th; o.`ll 'much than achieved much ; and of the stick- 4 ...0
.9 . 1 in t
nee, 0 lliti ~."Ki.ilarity of his religious views we may judge from other portions of warmer water,
.which again. coin-
g 77- ' Value of Exports from the United ,7.12, e st, e• Ts o FOREIGN TRADE. COASTING TRADE.
municates heat to the air passing over it. The i'l e Ts' Kinseom, calculated at the Official ,e - ' e.s ss, g • -0 • ~ =rl -tl 0 1 exam
lesirt thl ksee7vnmstance that he flasteeed himself he had
-"IN • h - - '•` • doctrine cool water spreads itself at the bottom of the sea e, .=
ete e e Rates of Valuation. 11:-..''' t :=. 4' 2'•,)•. To a., a 0 .13 t,t .v. i Increase or De- T,
ecif, w" Of qv Is shed
a. metaphysical solution of the i.: ..... 52
,s. ' E a E 'B' 1 crease of the Com- or ot
and flows towards the Equator, Producing compensatieg re :'- e '2 e
Gova Os; de esubstantiation. in philology. and antiquities 4= ',.. •• it . - c.. .s.) '..a E 2.' -0 .t.' , o •••' a. •
reen I"" ebb:: an innovator ;in autobiograph'y he has given a currents in opposite directi.ins. Thus the ocean tends r:. f.. ...s e. e 2 .:-.• :-) .5. f,„; 1,.-, e... -,-,..,7-yi .:4' INWARDS: OUTWARDS: INWARDS: OUTWARDS : .;.: a: rs Ev. 1 eeei 0 , maments in has
to regulate the temperature of the earth, moderating 2 : ':: -:: -a‘ ' ''''' .:4* . ;:i 71 '',:' r• I. F. -4..2.4'.. 2 ;••• -. . c!i ==
'...,
telC4,llg though somewhat egotistical account of him-
the heat of the torrid and the cold of the frigid zones. ei , --.4. 1..1.'s .`e' 'a, r.: = g.: l4 g . ••• -. 6 , ;Li wet
by h e. 4 fiek,in history he commenced an absolutely colossalc '•• 4: ! ?s,' 7.. e 1:-.) ?s, • '''2,?: i ..-• s e e'. el -e. -ese ee
E-. PI ,T, E±! S', *r- i-4 ,:, BRITISH. FOREIGN. BRITISH. FOREIGN. BRITISII. BRITISH. 04
Unite ' k- glitio f dating th • narrative
NI? n 9 Brunswick, L Every seaman is aware that the Gulph Stream is an e. ►e
e- el •-' e' A ;.: -:. .... ?.. 73 ~c!0 tin 1 each Three Years.
Sena* ° , . 9-", ;' I'' t ...4
P 4 . `. : 3 3? - • ____ i
.
NI- before the creation of man, interpolating example of these compensating currents : and Dr. Ryan a, e, cate
tondo $.•• 1: Cy.. ... ' ? ---- •- .. c Increase, , 5.9
10248 "collateral disquisitions upon heraldy, genea- stated that he had met many naval officers who had _e_____ -- --- __l 1836 14,906,000 20,984' lin rlO 1 the
_ tgaur.ilit
areof, ct f Years Ships. Tons. Ships. Tons. Ships. Tons. Ships. Tons. Ships. Tons. I Ships. Tons. per cent.
1,-,,y, and chroaology, so that as the reviewer ascertains d the oos,ihil,ty of steering through the Gulph .E. .C. .C. x. .E. 1837 15,105,000 23,612 lin 639 ver
Ce/y insinuates, " the work wo'uld, doubtles • have Stream 1836 14 347 2,505,473 7,131 , 983,899 14,207 2,531,577 7,048 1,035,120 123,785 10,337,545 , 133,341 10,762,690 .
les hates ! doubtless
q j►ublished in successive volumes to this day, if 'dipping thermometer in the
merely by a
1837 2,,,M 2,617,166, 'k,-1-:A 1.1251,,96N 1.45,:91.); t:g,g76 78,V) 1,A1:21 lig3:0111 110019 a 09,545: 133,341 100:989215 iB3B 15,3070 X) 23,094 lin 662 an i
of' their
0, 070 ,tz and his patron had live as long' and subscriber' Dr. Ryan proceeded, in the next place, t { inpereeaser cm' t. 1"
be
'
1838 61,296,513 92,4.33,967, 12,711,01-105,164,4'9 50,06 ,/
o explain ter- 1837 54,764,285 7e,544 07.1113,235,49 T) 85,779,5.?3 42,067,22:1573 1839 15,511,000 24,443 lin 634
rain meteoroloeical conditions which have not before 1839 17,6:3.5 3,101,0 10.326 1,331,365 17,066 3,096,611 10,698 1,398,096; 130,254 10,610,404 ' 142.895 11,266,073 hal
tht-tt ir heirs, would still have been able only to predict . 6' 048121 97 394 666 12 795 990 '110,190.656 53,233.5801840 15,718,000 27,187 lin 578 ma.
the Year been noticed. Thus it was always possible, late in the 1839 •-, ' '' ' " ' 06430 1840 17 8.3 3 197 001 10,198 ' 1,460,294 1 ,633 3, J,9 10,440 „8 , 1 ,2.1 , , 4 „
7 ' •2( 2 841 488 88' 33 •' 9 10 766 057 1 6 127 11 41- 991
-,/ i' 1841 15 92" 867 27,760 lin 573 the
1841 18.525 3 361,211 9,527 i 1,291,160 18,464 3,429,279 9086 1,336,892 131,3:„1 ,86 , , 40, , ,ti 0,
1 7 10 '9 071'1 "B'7 11 5 252 -, ''
x. lein4,Pearance of the ►last voluuse "' His ac u•untance winter, or very early in the spring, to prcgnosticate the 23,373
.116,902,887 51,634,623
1840 67,490 -10 102,706,850; 13,774,165 -116,481,015 51,4 , • , , ,
..... .
1841 64,444,268 102.179,514' 14,7 (Increase, 21.2
(LS.) ‘l,:q the classics rend whit polite lireragthre wasr heat or coldness of the succeeding summer, by aster- 154: 65,253,286 100,255,380113,586.422 113,841,802 47,381,02318 987 3'294 725 8 054 ' 1,205,363 18.785 3.375,270 8,375 1,252,176, 127,840 10,785,450 ' 141,010 11,302,657 1842 16,141,000 31,309 lin 515 the
1 per cent.
(L.S.) • 47cther Catholic and he appreciated the various 1842
19:500 :645,346 8,54111,301,950 19,334 3,685.833 8,705 1,341,4331131,461 10,822,176 141,697 11,321,138 ' free
the the comparative amount of new ice formed in 1843 16 356 000 29 591 lin 552
e Kers with li'' 1843 70,214.912 117,876.659. 13,956,283 131,82.917 52,279..709
1844 19 687 3 64.7 464 9,608 1,402,138 19,788 3,852,822 9,816 1,444,346, 133,898 10,964,707 145,242 11,394,861 trot
low down as Russia -- s-- 13 .8 4 14 398 I'7 14 916 64 8 584 )92 ,
1844 ia,441,aa3 1.50 ,i1„1.5. • , a 5 , ~. ' ' - 1 - '
,044,000 26,542 1 m 624
• . !k:. ~,, an a soendy Catholic taste maintaining the no
latitudes, even as 1845 ,21.001 4,310,639 11,6a1 le da,o, 9 20,231 4,22°,451 12,296 1,796,136 . 144,903 12,485,854 '158,454 11.114,104 .
• •
! 44, id ofnierit.
; "qv n- sin bool, ' • and Sweden. It seems that the colds and wetness
. that was ever written was entirely .._
... . .... .. . . 1845 16,796,000 24,303 lin 691
pre
_
rcE. . h. Leibnitz Besides revelling in the abstruse stil-
e_ sti:ll found sufficient o ' •
pportunities to corn- of our summers is influenced by the quantity of. new
ice which, during the heat of that season, is continually - -
1845 85,281,953 134,599,116 16,280,870 ;150,879,986 60,111,082
Office of the Inspector-General of Imports and Exports,
W. IRVING. Custom House, London, July 1, 1846. JNO. COVEY, Registrar. cent.
H. MANNERS SUTTON. the
sa" eeverai „t...„liberated from northern waters, and as it flaws towardspa
-sled e • pleat; of verse, though as a poet he scarcely
with Custom House, London, July 2, 1846. ,
(le ,from I lel
~._ above ,ja ~ .
ettiocrity. A creator, an originator, and tcurrentcools down the
the equator the snpernaten
wi
Dover; lSl:nhoYate)r hunself in all departments of know-. . Mt
waters of the cc-an as well as the wind passing over its
Lobe. x e nr:vertheless retained a passion for reading not dr:
brgo.rouglit surface, and thereby condenses the atmospheric moisture,.
e.eelatecee dad bthe most indolent student. And in producing be
wiss'e"rs 'and panof rain, and otherwise reduces the temperature of
bourg. ! b,. a th.
_ou
iles. his gigantic ex., , rtions, he con- the atmosphere throughout many of the European lati-
tudes. Dr. Ryan is confirmed in this opinion, by theupon the prosperity oSECOND EXCURSION TO ROT- perturbable want of feeling for the comfort of the passes- ca
.7.4titt,; : g out his protracted and eventful career to ROYAL AGRICULTURAL - " uf those almost innumerable masses
resided at a distance.-(Cheers.) TERDAM. gars, who were anxious to arrive at their destination.
rbourg. i her "„ a voluminous correspondency with almost fact, that the hot summers here for many years have of our countrynen who . . le!
!qv Jacuridual aamneet his contemporary pailosophers. open proceeded y win inters in
b • t • which scarely any new ice CIETY'S SHOW AT NEWCASTLE-ON-TYNE.
Th. i 1 meeting commenced at Newcastle on And they had found that just in proportion as the menu- From the Ipswich Journal.) These preliminaries having been at length gor through, wi
IN. *%it•L aPpears to have been the drawback to this a formed
w s in the high northern latitudes. This was Monday. On Tuesday the implement-yard Is annual .
was thrown facturing part of the population of the country prospered Irswica, JULY 18.-The public are again much in- the Orwell again proceeded on her voyage at ten minutes
and thrives, so did the agriculturists find a ready market Steam-boat to seven, an with the English
d • h and Dutch colours flying, of
4V4linary mind was its ire xhaustible fecundity and -
the case last winter, and also in the winter preceding open to the public, and at the same time the public ex- debted to the Eastern Union Railroad and
ad, Gelli' 'ell 'stive • the summer of 1842, while on the contrary cold and
e 4 ness. No sooner was any of its many mar- amination of the workinp of the prize implements on the for their produce. This and many other instances Companies for the opportunity afforded on Wednesday was off the wharf opposite the Hotel de Pays Bas pre- 10,
Lit 3 schemes d 1 d , etnes un erta eels. than a thousand others grew, damp summers have always succeeded winters giving earns of Mr. enr
H y Hall, of Gosforth-cottage, com- d• • • f "
showed that the various s interests o societydepended "•• • ! fine- f Rotterdam. The ci ely at ten minutes to eight, announcing her arrival by
last of visiting the port and town o e s
~ nrift, -ea; -ere ~..• ~r •L.- --: •t • .-.1, .r, that the much new ice. menced. The weather being exceedingly fine, the at- intimately upon each other. This, then, was an argu- arrangements were on the most ample scale, and afforded the report of a small cannon. ea
- - sae e.-:.,- enie ~,t• fewer went which he should address to them as a farmer: The the best possible accommodation to all who wished to Though the passage °. rough ti, rough one, it is only right n;
- - - ......... ..i......i,„ ..b.i. of the passengers
landed in the '
w:

Eike- LITERATURE.
tici NBUIIGH REVIEW. No. CL IX.
'lie cr , are we more reioiced in the perusal of the
~. Ui p„A , ,
''kl,) v“ nevren, than wl-coi its contributors contrive
rl'or.tte their abstract disquisiions and analytical
Kee ill' with the moving circumstances of biography;
" in sr.ort, they embellish the expositions
t great truth by personal reminiscences of
s4:riginenator, and associate with their iiescrip-
%beat.'" a great mind the vicissitudes of
IN._ .-I:ean. In the present number this feature is in-
ill r'n with Vert, considm.able adroitness, and occupies
Atti'l;')st Prominent position in the collection of artic.es.
nit;
by
of' the recently published memoir
has
itlis I,t,t, by Dr. G. E. Guhratier, the Reviewer has
libiliettinced a m..st fascinating melange of
of!mono-
lt;..' rl,specting that nderAil philosopher, tip-
' etelY and engagingly inscribing his paper the
httier,,Ctnil Genius of Leibnitz." ' When it is
Derby "eyed that this extraordinary character was,
liiiitO, More fully entitled to the designation of an
),(111101:1 genius, that his writings are marvellously
44i,,-tht°lls, that there is scarcely a single branch of
~fttit'-' Knowlwdge which has not derived from his intel-
!fi ts:llig elucidation or some adornment, that
!(0)41 the is enrolled among the members of the
414,8 ,mciety, that his body was almost as
Na:tiltlY in motion over the earth as his sentience
itietitily° in the realms of knowledge, and that the
teen "e and literary history of the generation in which
tliereiYished may be said to have radiated about him,
111,41:_s surely no one indivial but will acknowledge
%Ls! Would prove a nobler.nd not an unprofitable
kidl. for investigation. 11,:miarkable, however, as
ittih! 11°1/40phic exertions were, profu-,e as they
14,p,, Piggestive as they were, his books are
the-Z2' ever purused except by the bibliographer or
aktZi!rie scholiast; his intense, and in several in- 1
!teepi,,els prof.:)und labours in the field of knowledge,
oire""leiser7.l. into his-mere name—a name which can,.
key t, lb' ver be forgotten. Leibnitz, by his astonish-
tiversatii. t
~_ Am, -1y as well by his pertinacious industry,
141114"sed himself with nearly every sectional do-
t/sol:it of science and literature. As a metaphysician he
ZOieh ~:the less eminence, because of the phantasms
nth!
;"'s imagination unhappily amalgamated with
tilli hand this circumstance is sufficiently evidenced
k!BparePosterous theory of ' Monads," and that ,of
%sr, !e -established Harmony"—than which perhaps no
Seievlnsionary speculations were ever conceived. His
diets in physics may likewise be attributed to a
Nitesst'alidepey, and one which our reviewer happily
the kites as " his love of 'hypothesis, his fondness for
Nati e,!Y abstract, and his impatience to arrive at a
44;41' In jurisprudence Leibnitz was, on the con-
. % trig,_ .
irejl-fe than a proficient, he was gm originator; his
,14 feels ill this division of learning being testified by
'"e tk, sets Aram Methodus and Ratio Corp,ris; besides
ofthe .of Peter the Grsat having nominap.d him as one
kept :U flea to compile his code of laws for the goveri-
ttiat title Russias—an intention which was untor-
Vl3' frustrated. As a theologian Leibnitz rather
aasna
~."4 much than achieved much ; and of the strik-
ills -„,_"gifiality of his religious views we may judge from
tteeoor,:umstance that he flattered himself he had
of I,?1 ished a.- metaphysical sAution of the doctrine
he Z asubstantiation. in philology, and antiquities
ells s,hl an innovator ; in autobiography he has given a
telf.7llg though somewhat egotistical account of him-
ds,,ln history he commenced an absolutely colossal
11,46"ption of Brunswick, dating the narrative
Loos
before the creation of man, interpolating
Leas " collateral disquisitions upon heraldy, genea-
by, and chronology," so that, as the reviewer
Oety insinuates, " the work would, doubtless, have
17t,. i tublished in successive volumes to this day, if
st, az and his patron had lived as long, and subscribers,
she it heirs, would still have been able only to predict
spitlripearance of the last volume !" His acquaintancg
Hthe classics raid wit,. polite li:erature was
ither. Catholic, and he appreciated the various
41,k :0
_7_4F! an absolutely Catholic taste, maintaining
Nid
o'pgle.bool: that was ever written was entirely
ti. _
.r. tn.erit. Besides revelling in the abstruse stu-
i:4'
sel4eibnitz st):11 found sufficient opportunities to corn-
IN xi :bti Pkaces of verse, though as a poet he scarcely
logeinn: e 'alediocrity. A creator, an originator, and
ate& himself in all departments of know-
I'', 6 erNertheless retained a passion for reading not
441:0„3teee ded by the most indolent student. And in
IS,
.vseish'snd pauses of his gigantic exertions, he con-
'‘4l... tisiti toughout his protracted and eventful career to
”b,tlyi II a voluminous corresponAency with almost
wiht.-radividual amongst his contemporary philosophers.
t!tai• t appears to have been the drawback to this
Ngf , rainary mind was its inexhaustible fecundity and
velkiti•Stiveness. No sooner was any of its many mar-
!4_sit f Schemes undertaken than a thousand others grew,
'here, out of the original : insomuch so, that the
'l4tl era
6 ents of Leibnitz are little better than a multi-
s'4l°f Stupendous fragments—" his never completed
,44,k_ting Machine—his fragment of an Universal
Net----his improved watches, which were never
7%, eted—his Hydraulic and Pneuniatic engines, which
1:1,4.0 ?Illy in theory—his Swift Carriages, which ex-
h.'s 4'3' in imagination."—to which we may subjoin
la% 'el"), of Brunswick, already mentioned, with a
4,11114 Pr other uncouapleted projects -and unful-
64tit ,tetentions. Nevertheless, it is most certain
tiosi during his erratic and multifarious exer-
t?' „„'..," achieveill much that was advantaimous
is Karging the scope of human knowledge.
triousitogcea contains, according to the present illus-
ef 8044 tan of. Westminster, Dr. Buckland, " the germ
wets his
th. e most enlightened speculations of modern
. I,:' 'his philological writings are fraught with
Lio psraulkartant discoveries ; and he incited after ages
a/ Et -'4, the medical, anatomical, and surgical sciences
Pro* 'y nd of sagacious hints. "It is in these
ie,'.; et'.c glimpses of great truths," says the re-
wher "in almost every department of science—truths
bf 41,0. it was left for after ages fully to evolve and esta-
'l%—that this great man entitled himself to a place
*41% almost all the very greatest minds—with Aristotle,
Witla Bacon, and with Newton—in all of whom the same
titleaity was remarkably exemplified. It is given to such
Welds atone to predict and foreshadow the coming dis-
peinsations of philosophy ;—to catch from the mountain
heights of their contemplations (if we may modify a
Thought which has occurred to more than one writer)
!If first radiance of the rising sun, when to the rest of
this world's inhabitants he is still below the horizon."
_e could willingly, were not such irrelevant, dilate
2Pon the whole career of Gottfried Wilhelm Leibnitz,
groin his birth at Leipsic, on June 21, 1646, till his death,
his sev,,ntieth year, on November 14, 1716. The
ta circumstances,. however, which we have already enume-
b..,te, will amply attest the vastness of his
Olaliant but unconcentrated genius. Upon this partial-
-041 the article in the Edinburgh Review speaks learn-
1Y and eloquently ; it is at once a dispassionate and
enthusiastic piece of critico-biography, and its most re-
21,oarkable sections are those de-voted to the only com-
-p te literary work of Leibnitz, his Theodicee, to the
Illeological opinions 'broached in that strange and en-
14".vae lling volume, to his pre-established harmony, and to
the controversy which occurred between him-
self upon his Differential Calculus, and Newton upon his
itllZions. From the passages relating to the constitu-
tion• of the Universe, we are tempted to extract one of
the heart
beauty rAnd thoughtfulness : it does honour to
heart and mind of the reviewer.
th" Though we, cutainly cannot demonstrate that this is
thls ' best of sal possible worlds,' and that it was necessary
aft 80111 e eNi'L should be admitted, we are far enough from
pee, leg tb at that faith to which, as we have said, the rani
.•
2 sntri to be ultimately relegated, is a faith entirely wit li-
bilit.:"oni ; or that it is destitute of those grounds of robe-
wh2, 41>on which alone an, intelligent reliance on the. truths,._
Anv,kez of natural or revealed theology, can be maintained.
des:' ''ere the immensely prevailing character of benevolent
lb i'gn Which pervades the universe, contrasted with the fact
~t.tt evil always appears either simply concomitant, or in-
volved as a consequence, never as an ultimate end, and that
"‘" apparent evil is often found to be connected with real
o_43d, is of incalculable benefit as suggesting an approximate
!elution. And this confidence is yet further increased, when
W_.e see that iii proportion as our knowledge advances, manso4e the ancient objections against the wisdom, and some against
goodness of the constitution of the universe disappear;—
that they were in fact nothing more than the offspring of
ignorance. We thus learn to believe that all would vanish
in like manner if we were but omniscient. The course of
reasoning is much the same as that by which we experi-
mentally establish the first law of motion ; it is but an ap-
proximate solution, yet conclusive: or we are led to suppose
that the anomalies which we behold, are like those regres-
sions of the planets which so much perplexed the early astro.
nomets, and which arise from our seeing them from a false
centre of observation. Place us in the true centre of the
system, and, as science has now shown, all these irregularities
disappear." •
Those are 'beautiful and elevating considerations, ex-
pressed in beautiful and devilled language. Without
being invidious upon any other contributor to this
Quartee.y, we must in candour acknowledge that for a
very ce,usiderable peatyi past we have not encountered a
Paper so peculiarly to our own liking, so sagacious in
41141'jsis so melow in diction. or so symmetrical in con-
11‘_t 'action. It embellishes the pages that have been
adorned by the lucubrations of Brougham, Jeffrey, Syd-
'll.,.e3' Smith. and Macaulay. A notice of " Glassford's
'_Yrical Translations" appears to us to be die-
,rted ,in too lenient and eulogistic a strain,
seet breathes of the pensiveness of a
alfriedship
etiaed by death, rather than of the rigour of frigid
Ltie• The " Language and Structure of the Statutes "
vl,llUable, possibly. more for its novelty than for any
leftier characteristic; and two papers, devoted individuaily
tc) • the consideration of Spain and Borneo, will be
l'ariously attractive. We congratulate literary aspirants
generally upon the kindliness of tone which is observ-
able. in a critical notice upon the dramas of Mr
'White—Earl of Gowrie and King of the commons. If
It might be taken as an augury, no more Keatses are
to be killed by Quarterlies, no more Byron! are to be
goaded to the publication of satires by the acerbity of those
Periodicals ; no more Tennyson's will have to wait the
eight of many years before even their existence will bei
acknowledged. It is a generous effort in the right d-
rection. the of the strangest and oddest compilations
ever contained in the blue-and-buff covering is
,one
~
en-
titled the "Lon; Parliament and Sir Simon D Ewes.
and one of the most ingenious "The Sahara and its
Tribes." We shall endeavour, if pssible, to comment
al
, )om.ynonit
elsewh.,re upon a very exc.•llent article on " k., 1
PrAection;" it is a kind of last and crushing blow to the
bugbear monopoly. The talent of the Edinburgh
iceview has long been proverbial—
that talent is
'law more brilliant and solid than ever.

Esx tic
hl aengeueesr
. .
Net liecv. t '
iP ' - • Capital of the i
of Expenditure, TAXES REPEALED OR REDT,ICED.
1 TAXES DIPOSZD.
Ch Ann
the
..3 Revenue, including FunDdeebdt 'and Annual in the
el after deducting Charge Surplus. Deficieney. _. . . . , __. _. .
?-.1 1 Drawbacks of Estimated Estimated at the
and Collection. Amount. PRINCIPAL ITEM, Amount. PRINCIPAL ITEMS. Unfunded. I Close of the
Year.
- - ---.-
[Pepper
... ... ... 59.010
1 Sugar. East India .„ „. 39,470 •
1,003,786 { Paper and Paper Hangings ... 394.500 3,991
1936 52,949,397 50,819,305 2,130,092 ..• ... ••• ••• ••• ••• ... •••
I Spirit Licenses "• OPP 142.000 788,398,570 29,213,599 6,049,302
LNewspaper Stamps ... ... 309,000
1837 50,663,353 51.819,113 ••• - 655,760 234 ... •r• r•• ••• • • ... 630 ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• . ••• 786,319,738 24,489,571 4,127,973
1838 51.375.520 51,720.748 ... •.• 345,228 289 ... .•• ... ••• ..• ••• 8,423 ••• ••• ••• •••• •••• •••• 785,373,740 29,260,238 4,594,884
1839 51,927,495 53,440,287 ... ... 1,512,792 63,418 Stage C 0 !Who 786,512,734 29,434,062 3,707,425
[Customs, five per cent. ... 1,060,926
• I Excise ditto ... ... 438,000
53,444,353 ~. ... 1,593,970 1,258,939 Postage . ... ... ... 1,240,000 2,274,240 { Ditto, Spirits ... ... ... 344,000
1840 51,050,083 787 448 075• 29 381 'lB 3,858,465
i Assessed Taxes, ten per cent... 311,477 ' ' ' "
LPostage, Abolition of Franking 118,567
1841 52,363,949 54,465,318 ... - 2,101,369 27,170 Rice in the Husk ... ... 21,832 - _ - ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• 790,874,608 29,450,145 3,653,810
rCuffee - ••• ••• 201,113 Property •
Tax
• I Timber and Wood ... ... 608,414 .. ... 5,100,000
Export Duty on Coals ... 141,930
1842 51,244,335 55,223,873 ... ~. 3,979,538 1,596,366 { Export Duties - ... 109,778 5,629,989 Spirits, Ireland ... ... 240,000 791,250,440 29,428,120 1,380,059
1 ()Ater. Customs Duties ••• 579,639 Stamps, Ireland
LStage Coaches ... ... 77,779 - ... 121,745
Timber and Wood ... ... _128,453
1843 56,945,043 55,501,739 1,443,304 ... ..., 411,821 1 Spirits, Ireland ... ... 240,000 "' ''' ••• ••• ••• ... ...
... 790,576,392 29,269,160 4,716,019
Notree ... - - • ... 86,174
1 Currants _ ... ... 95,816
6,106 „, „, 458,810 i Wool _ ,„ .„ ... ' 97,140 .., .., 787,598,145 30,495,459 6,254,113
1844 58,459,751 55,103,645 3,35
i 'Marine Insurances ... ... 101,959
Glass •,. ••• ~. ... 41,000
Sugar . • ••• ... ... 2,309,857
- Molasses ,„ „. ... 129,183
. Cotton Wool .... ••• 682,042
Auctioneers'_. and Appraisers' 1. 0, _
1845 57,690,704 53,873,069 3,817,642 ... .., 4,535,561 Coals, Export Duty. ~. -.. 115,438 23,720
Licenses -3,720 785,053,022 28,253,872 8,452,090
Other Customs Duties .., 380,386 etl •,.
Auctions ••• .., •,. 805,000
LGlass ,„ ,., •,, .., 624,000
-----,_ _

ROYAL AGRICULTURAL SO-.
CIETY'S SHOW AT NEWCASTLE-ON-TYNE.
This annual meeting commenced at Newcastle on
Monday. On Tuesday the implement-yard was thrown
open to the public, and at the same time the public ex-
amination of the working of the prize implements on the
farm of Mr. Henry Hall, of Gosforth. cottage, com-
menced. The weather being exceedingly fine, the at-
tendance was very large on the farming field, not fewer
than twenty thousand people having visited the ground
in the co'irse of the day ; but the number of visitors to
the exhibition of implements was very scanty, and but
few seemed to take a lively interest in the development
of this department of agricultural science. The exhibi-
tion was, nevertheless, a very interesting and important
one. The number of articles exhibited to-day was 727.
This is a decrease compared with the number of last
year, but'the judges of the exhibition state that shat is
lost in point of number has been gained in point of
quality, the new implements shown being singularly well
adapted for improved cultivation, while the modifica-
tions on those exhibited which formerly obtained
prizes were all of a simple and highly practical descrip-

upon the prosperity of those almost innumerable masses
of our countrymen who resided at a distance.—(Cheers.)
And they had found that just in proportion as the manu-
facturing part of the population of the country prospered
and thrives, so did the agriculturists find a ready market
for their produce. This and many other instances
showed that the various interests of society depended
intimately upon each other. This, then, was an argu-
ment which he should address to them as a farmer. The
other classes comprised in the toast were equally in-
terested in improving the science of agriculture, and
thus to add to that sui,ply of food which, if the farmers
of England bestirred themselves, would enable them to
scatter plenty throughout the land.—(Loud cheers.)
The Duke of CLEvELAND proposed " The Mayor and 1
Corporation of Newcastle." He hoped, that notwith-
standing what had taken place, this society would con-
tinue to flourish.—(Hear, hear.) Entertaining, as he
was known to do, very strong opinions in this respect, he
must yet say that he neither despaired nor desponded.—
(Hear, hear.) He certainly might be allowed to say that
agriculture had received a heavy blow and great dis-
couragement.—(lronical cries of " Hear.") But there
was no reason why they should relax their endeavours,
or why they should not exert themselves to the utmost.
His advice was, wherever improvement had not taken
place, to go on, as far as in them lay, to create that im-
provement. Much was still to be done in every district
in England.---(Hear.) They were now cast entirely
upon their own resources.—(Partial cheering.) He must
take the liberty of denying the fallacy that they could
improve agriculture to any extent. Manufactures might
be carried on with a skill, an industry, and a power of
machinery which reduced the matter to a certainty; but
in agriculture they were &pendent upon the weather
and the seasons, let their ingenuity be what it might.
The MAYOR of NEWCASTLE returneekthanks on behalf
of the Corporation.
Mr. GREY, of Dilston, proposed " The Labouring
Classes." ]Mutual dependence existed between the te-
nant-farmers and the tillers of the soil, and the condi-
tion of the latter could not be improved until the former
were raised above the annual or tenant-at-will system.
They bad been told that there was a limit to agricultural
improvement, but he was satisfied that it would not be
reached in our day.--(Cheers.)
Lord Barman, in returning thanks for his health,
expressed his cordial approval of the principle and prac-
tice of the society, and congratulated the members on its
increasing prosperity. This society had, since its com-
, -mencement, paid eleven thousand pounds as prizes,and it
now numbered nearly 7,200 members. In 1839, at their
first meeting at Ox:ord, 249 cattle were entered for show;
this year they had had 613. At Oxford they had 23 im-
plements ; this year they had 732.--(Cheers.) Their
object was to improve the various districts which they
visited, and he sincerely hoped that they would leave a
lesson for the benefit of the district in which they, now
were, for he had never seen a district in which drainage
was so much net ded, or in which the farmers so de-
lighted in the cultivation of weeds.—(Loud laughter.)
Viscount MORPETH, in proposing the health of the
judges of the show, said, I believe it is known, upon
good authority, that an illustrious foreign Prince, who
has recently visited our shores—l wish he had been
present on this occasion, together with our own illus-
trious Prince of our own good old soil—among all the spe-
cimens of beauty exhibited to him, manifested the
greatest admiration for a certain roundness and plump-
ness of proportion.—t Uproarious laughter.) Now, I
cannot but think that if his Highness Ibrahim Pua
had been here, he would have found much to admire in
English cattle as well as English ladies. (Loud
laughter and cheers.) But at all events he would not
have complained of their being too slight and sylph-like
in their proportions.—(Loud laughter and cheering.)
He would have, I am sure, especially applauded' the
smoothness of outline, and the filling up of all irregular
parts which they displayed.
The toast was drunk with the usual honours.
Mr. Tow, of Riley, acknowledged the compliment.
After " The Highland and Agricultural Society of
Scotland," and " The Royal Agricultural Improvement
Society of Ireland,"
Mr. LIDDELL, M.P., gave " The health of the Presi-
dent elect."
The immense company.then separated.
, The-sal.of the stock, ,which, terminated the proceed.
ings of the meeting. 'took Oboe on Friday. -

perturbable want of feeling for the comfort of the passen
gers, who were anxious to arrive at their destination.
These preliminaries having_ been at length got' through,
the Orwell again proceeded on her voyage at ten minutes
to seven, and with the English and Dutch colours flying,
was off the wharf opposite the Hotel de Pays Bas pre-
cisely at ten minutes to eight, announcing her arrival by
the report of a small cannon.
Though the passage was tl. rough one, it is only right
to state that the whole of the passengers landed in the
highest spirits. To Capt. Rackhatn they expressed
themselves highly delighted with the seaman-lihe man-
ner in which he had conducted his craft, not only in the
earlier but in the latter part of the voyage.
There can be little doubt that the Orwell would have
made the passage in less than 12 hours .but for the
heavy seas she had to encounter, which sadly retarded
her progress, as well as the detention she experienced
from the want of a pilot, together with the ordeal she
had to undergo from the Custom-house officers at Brielle.
As it was, with all these disadvantages, the accomplished
her voyage within fourteen hours—a fact that reflects
the highest credit upon the skill and enterprise exhibited
by Ipswich in steam navigation.
It is unnecessary for us to enter into any description
'of either the Meuse or of Rotterdam. Steam navigation
have brought them into such close contiguity with Eng-
land, that all such descriptions would be superfluous.
The company upon landing was, as usual, beset by
touters from the river hotels, the Hotel de Pays Bas, and
the Bath Hotel. A skirmish ensued between the respec-
tive rivals for the luggage, and one or two blows were
exchanged, to the infinite amusement of some of the
Dutch denizens who, smoking their meerschaums, wit-
nessed the contest. The skirmish was, however, soon
put an end to by a posse of Custom-house officers, who
took possession of the whole of the portmanteaus and
carpet-bags, which were laid under strict surveillance,
and half-an-hour elapsed before they were restored to
the owners, which was done only upon payment of a fee
of fourpence from each owner.
In the course of the day various parties, escorted by
Commissionaires, inspected various localities ; at four
o'clock, p.m., excellent dinners were served up at the
rival Inns, the company drinking the healths of our
gracious Queen Victoria, and the King of Holland.
Soon after the arrival of the steamer at Rotterdam,
Mr. Arthur Cobbold, and a party proceeded to the
Hague, taking with them copies of The Sun, and other
London Evening Papers of the date of. the departure
from Ipswich. These it was expecttd would be read
in Amsterdam in the course of the day, thus proclaim-
ing through Holland tho advantages of Harwich Har-
bour, as the point on the English coast from whence the
route to Northern Europe may be most expeditiously
performed.
At 511. 10m. A.M., on Thursday morning, the Orwell
left the quay at Rotterdam, on her return voyage. The
usual delay took place at Brielle, and at about a quarter
past eight the Brielle pilot was dismissed, and the
steamer stood out to sea. There was every prospect of
a rough voyage, the wind blowing strong from W.S.W.,
with a terrible sea. The landsen suffered acrse. cordingly;
2h.
the vessel, however, gallantlm
y held her cou At
25m. P.N., a steamer, with all sail set, was descried,
bearing S.E. by E., about three miles distant, and steer-
' ing S.E. by E. This was supposed to be the Norfolk
Company's steamer, which had left Yarmouth that
morning for Rotterdam. It was calculated that the
Orwell was then from 55 to GO miles from Brielle, and
that the steamer in the distance would not make that
point in less than 5:I; or 6 hours. According to this es-
timate, the Norfolk steamer would not reach Rotterdam
before half-past ten.
At half-past 4 the English .coast was visible, and pre-
sently the tower of Aldeburgh Church was recognised.
The steamer was then directed towards Harwich harbour,
in the face of a strong ebb-tide, and entering the Orwell
river, arrived at " The Bridge" at a quarter past 10.
Here the River Queen steamer was in attendance, and
the Ipswich Custom-house officers made the usual search
and took charge of the vessel. The passengers arrived
in Ipswich by the River Queen shortly before 12 at
night.
1 We understand that it is the intention of the Orwell
Company to send their steamer on another excursion, to
Antwerp or Ostend, the week after next.

TERDAM.
(From the Ipswich Journal.)
Irswicu, JULY 18.—The public are again much in-
debted to the Eastern Union Railroad and Steam-boat
Companies, for the opportunity afforded on Wednesday
last of visiting the fine port and town of Rotterdam. The
arrangements were on the most ample scale, and afforded
the best possible accommodation to all who wished to
enjoy railroad transit, with a voyage to sea, and a short
sojourn in a town which, by commercial opulence and
enterprise, ranks deservedly as the second in the king-
dom of Holland.
At three o'clock P.. 111. on Tuesday, a train left London,
with John Chevalier Cobbold, Esq., and a party of gen-
tlemen, arriving at Ipswich station precisely at half-past
five P.M. They immediately proceeded to the Orwell
Steam Company's wharf; where the Orwell steamer,
under the command of Capt. Beckham, with about 130
persons on board, including several gentlemen from
East Suffolk, with their respective families, were in
waiting. The whole of the passengers being embarked,
the Orwell left the wharf precisely at 20 minutes to 6,
with the Dutch colours flying at the mast head. No
sooner had the Orwell been released from her moorings,
than the large crowd of people assembled on either sides
of the river and on Stoke Bridge, raised a succession of
hearty harms for the success of the voyage, which were
cordiaily responded to by the voyageurs, and the Orwell
speeded majestically on her course down the river,
the pleasure of all on board being materially augmented
by the fineness of the weather, though a brisk breeze
from the S. W. portended a heavy swell at sea, and a
rough passage. When off John's Ness, a large company
on board the River Queen Steamer, under the command
of Captain Wells, in passing saluted the Orwell
with a succession of hearty cheers, which were
answered with alacrity. The Orwell arrived at Har-
wich at 31 min. past 6, and after a stoppage of 20 min.,
received on board a party of gentlemen who had em-
barked on board a craft from the Jetty. At the entrance
to Harwich harbour, the company were agreeably en-
livened by the arrival of some splended yachts for Har-
wich regatta, under full press of sail. These were soon
left far behind in the distance. The first point to which
the Orwell steered her course was the Shipwash light,
which she passed at 6 min. to 8. Her course was now
steered direct for Brielle, and being regularly out at
sea, many of the passengers began soon to ex-
perience the inconveniences to which landsmen
are liable. The sky became overcast, and a heavy
swell caused the Orwell to roll a good deal. This
continued throughout the night, and it anything increased
on Wednesday morning at 2, and indeed long after the
Dutch Coast loomed in the distance. To those, how-
ever, who felt none of these qualms, the scene throughout
the night was of a character which impressed all present
with a full view of the majesty and grandeur of the
ocean. Towards eleven o'clock the atmosphere in the
zenith cleared, unfolding to contemplation a blue canopy
of stars. All around, as far as eye could view, was one
unbroken expanse of foaming and rolling sea. A-head
of the vessel, the horizon, fur about 20 deg. in altitude,
presented a mass of vapour. In the centre of this, the
crimson disk of the moon peered through the clouds,
and soon afterwards shone effulgently in the clear
atmosphere. The appearance she presented from the
atter deck was peculiarly novel. As the Orwell rolled
from side to side, the moon assumed the semblance
of a huge crimson ball flitting across the bows of
the vessel. Indeed the scene altogether almost
surpasses description, and will be long remem-
bered by those who witnessed one so full of
interest. No sooner was the. Dutch coast in view, which
appeared like a long line of vapour, than all on board
were on the look-out for the Dutch pilot vessel. In vain
however was their expectation—no Dutch pilot vessel
was to be descried, though the telescope was put in re-
quisition. If anything, the sea at this time ran higher than
at any previous period of the voyage, and nearly the
whole of the passengers were sent below. In this
manner, the Orwell beat about for at least an hour,
when no pilot boat coming to her assistance, Cap-
tain Beckham ordered the helmsman to steer direct
for the channel to Brielle. Having passed the Gorce
Light the Orwell neared the Oas:er Bank, the
soundings occasionally varying from six fathoms to
three. In this manner she proceeded a considerable
distance ; on the right, between the Orwell and the
shore, a long line of breakers with the masts of a
wreck as a warning of the hapless fate of some other
vessel; on the left, at the distance of a quarter of a
league, the hull of a fine vessel, which had only a few
days before got into the shallow waters of this dangerous
shore. The captain and crew of the Orwell, however,
were steady and cool in the discharge of their duties,
and after guiding the vessel safely through all dangers,
came alongside the pilot vessel, which was moored about
a quarter of a mile from Brielle. Hailing the pilot
vessel in true nautical fashion, with a force of lungs only
to be equalled by the stentorian powers of Captain
Askew, who bad occasionally enlivened the company
during the night with a miscellany
of nautical jokes,
the first indication of anything living being on board the
pilot vessel, was four or five sailors suddenly springing
up from the bulwarks, succeeded by a figure dressed
in white, which flitted to and fro, and which proved
to be the long-wished-for pilot, who had just "turned-
out." We shall not stop, of course, to report the
"salutations" which passed on either side in English
and Dutch, or rather, we should say, salutations which
were exchanged in a sort of non-descript language,
though from the tones of voice, the meanings of the re-
spective parties were perfectly intelligible even to lands-
men. In the midst of the Jargon, a boat was lowered
from the pilot vessel, and into this the pilot precipitated
himself, his jacket and other portions of his attire being
very considerately thrown after him by the crew. Having
about half made his toilet, the pilot boarded the Orwell,
where he was soundly reprimanded for his neglect, and
reminded that ',intimation some days before had been
forwarded of the hour at which the Orwell would
arrive. The fellow, who was a little round fat plump
man, of the Rip Van Winkle school, with a merry twinkle
of the eye, and altogether, indeed, the very impersona-
don of good-humour, apologised, as far as he was able,
for his neglect, alleging, in extenuation, that he had
been beating about all night in the offing, and not
meeting with any vessel, had concluded that none would
arrive, and consequently had sailed back to the spot
where he was discovered, and had " turned in" to rest
himself after his fatigues. The pilot, who was received
on board at half-past five, conducted the Orwell to the
Brielle, where she arrived at ten minutes to six. Here
she was boarded by the Custom-house officers, the 1
official entering the saloon, and without ceremony or-
dering one of the tables to be cleared of the breakfast ap-
pendages, that he might the better be enabled to take an
inventory or the stores. In this office he displayed all
the gravity of a Dutch burgomaster, with the most

,it Drift.
prep St'
Spider,
cs As
e south'
half-10t
kampton•
ventnor
arriving
alf later.
he 0016

If this be true it is a discovery of immense importance
to the agriculturist, enabling him at an early period to
take those precautions necessary for his welfare.

THE SQUADRON OF EVOLUTION.
CORK, JULY 14.—Cove never presented so exhilirating
and stirring an appearance as it did on yesterday (Monday),
in consequence of its being understood that the fleet would
commence the evolutions and landing of guns. Ste.. for the
attack of the forts on that day. At about eight o'clock in the
morning, when the sailors and marihesfrom thevariousvessels
began to embark in the boats for the purpose of landing for
the attack on Carlile Fort, our beautiful harbour presented
an appearance which it would be difficult for poets to de-
scribe or artists to paint. Boats put off in countless numbers
from the v,ssels of war in port, and made their way towards
Corkbeg, where they landed over 2.500 marines and about
500 seamen, to proceed with the tactics attendant on the at-
tack of a fort by sea forces.
The marines and seamen having been landed close to
Corkbeg-bouse, marched through the domain towards the
fort, the boats moving off. according as they landed,
and anchoring some distance from the shore, for the purpose
of keeping afloat, it being ebb tide. Having arrived at the
fort, the seamen commenced hauling the guns into position;
they consisted of 6 heavy 24-pound carronades and 6 eigh-
teen-pound carronade field lives, which had been landed
from the ships of war on the previous Saturday. On the
arrival of !he spectators from Cove at the scene of action,
nothing could exceed the magnificence of the view which
was presented to their sight. In the rear of the fort were
over '2,500 marines and 400 sailors in position ready to make
the attack, while the country in all directions exhibited a
scene rarely to be witnessed in that quiet and lovely locality.
Thousands of fashionably-dressed ladies and the elite of the
gentry of all the surrounding country from dozens of miles
round were momentarily pouring in on the ground, until it
resembled more an ordinary fashionable promenade than a
field of warfare, while to add to the picturesque effect which
was produced. numbers of suttlers were seen squatting them-
selves in various parts of the field, but in such a manner as
to be without the line of operation. At twelve o'clock the
signal was given to commence operations, when six heavy
guns were drawn into position on the east side of the fort
which were manned by sailors of the fleet ; and a similar
number were destined to attack it on the opposite side, while
the marines lav in reserve in a sheltered angle of the field of
operation. All the attacking force were under the command
of Captain Willes, of the Vanguard, who was seen on horse-
back in all quarters of the line; and the principal field bat-
tery was under the immediate command of an officer of the
Excellent, who came purposely from Sheerness to direct the
operations of that branch of the service. [A detailed and
animated description of the evolutions of the day, for which
we cannot find room, follows.]
ARRIVAL. OF THE HIBERNIA 120, AND TRAFALG•R 120.
Scarcely were the forces embarked when a large vessel was
observe l to the southward making sail for the harbour, which
proved to be the Hibernia, of 120 guns, bearing the flag of
Vice-Admiral Sir William Parker at the foremast. As she
neared the port it was observed that she had a consort, which
shortly after made her appearance, and was found to be the
Trafalgar. 120 guns. Signals having been made between the
Queen guardship, the St. Viio bearing the broad pen-
dant of Sir F. G.llier, and the Hibetalia, the St. Vincent im-
mediately proceeded to fire the salute, which was promptly
acknowledged by the Hihernia. She then came into har-
bour and anchored to the south of the line, and was speedily
followed by the Trafalgar, who anchored close astern of her.
On this day a grand exhibition was to have taken place,
as it is the intentbn of the force to settle the fort by meat .s
of ladders, and to take possession of it, while another party
defended it from within. We undersood also' that the ves-
sels are running out springs on their cables to enable them
to form in line of battle and engage each other to-morrow,
so that Cove is likely to rejoice in a very extensive borrowed
population for the next week—numbers of persons having
already arrived from Waterford, Clonmel, and Limerick, and
thousands more being daily pouring in.—Cork Reporter of
Tuesday.
,se

ay. b
34 wile

ny (Aber

tion.
At five o'clock in the afternoon abotit 600 members
and friends of the institution met in the Music-hall,
Nelson-square, to hear a lecture from Professor Johnston,
on the chemical principles involved in the preparation of
manures, and their action upon crops, with demonstra-
tions. Lord Portman, President of the Society, occu-
pied the chair, supported on the right by W. Miles,
Esq., Ails. for Somersetshire. Various questions wet e
put by gentlemen present, which were answered to their
satisfaction; after which Mr. Smith, of Deanston, de-
livered an interesting address on the subject of preserv-
ing the sewage of large towns, in order to supply the
country districts with liquid manures, which would
answer all the purposes of bone dust or guano, at much
less cost. After giving several instances in proof of the
value of preserving the sewage of large towns, he stated
that he aas now associated with some gentlemen in
London with a view to carry this system fully out. They
intended, and indeed offerea to pump liquid manure,
and deliver it eleven miles in the country, at three pence
a ton—spreading it on the ground fur that charge, and
guaranteeing its excellence its quality. They had already
contracted to supply 28,000 acres of land, and in a short
time he would he able to lay a detailed statement of his
views on the subject before the public. A good deal of
discussion followed Mr. Smith's address, and many
points of practical importance were touched upon. Lord
Portman then said they had had an exceedingly suc-
cessful and practical discussion, and doubtless great
good would result from it; but in order to the full bene-
fits of agricultural science beine realised, the co-opera-
tion of landlord and tenant must be secured.—(Cheers,)
His Lordship, in further illustration of the advantages of
liquid manure, stated -ome instances of its effects which
he had witnessed in his own neighbourhood, and then
urged on all present the necessity, not only of educating
themselves, but of educating their sons and grandsoes
a!so.—(Cheers.) Those who, like himself, had come
from the south, would doubtless return with the convic-
tion, that in pint of education in agricultural science
they were far behind those in the north. It was impos-
sible to it as he had done at that meetingeand not be
struck with the deep-toned earne, tness of the farmers
present, their shrewd observations and the practical
character of their study. It was evident they were edu-
cated men.—(Hear, hear.)
A vote of thanks was then passed to the Noble
Chairman, and the meeting separated.
The award of prizes fur the stock was issued on Wed-
nesday evening.
On Thursday the general show-yard was opened to
the public in the morning, and throughout the day was
crowded by.visitors. During the morning the high
rate of admission rendered the company select and
fashionable ; but, at one o'clock, when the charge 'was
reduced to a shilling, the rush became so tremendous,
that another entrance was found necessary to prevent
serious consequences. Notwithstanding this precaution,
several children were trodden under foot, and were
rescued only after great exertions.
The show itself was considered by competent judges
much superior to any of the Society's previous ones.
The quantity of stook was large, and the quality gene-
rally good. .
A fatal accident unfortunately occurred in the yard.
A boy venturing too near one of the competing horses,
received a violent kick ;be was removed to the in- CHRISTENING OF THE INFANT PRINCESS.—We Un-
firmery, and soon afterwards died. derstand that the christening of the infant Princess will take
THE PAVILION DINNER. place, at Buckingham Pa
give a grand dinner and an even-
lace, on Saturday next; upon which
The public dinner took place in the afternoon in the occasion her Majesty will
capacious pavilion. At four o'clock about 1,300 persons ing party.
sat down, under the presidency of Lord Portman, with SUGAR DUTIES.--The Act 9 and 10 Vic., cap. 29 (of
information anid
the Earl of Egremont (the president elect) in the vice- the present session of Parliament), entitled "An Act for
. As
granting unto her Majesty;
_until the sth day of August,
chair. His Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge,
who is on a visit at Ravensworth Castle, entered with 1846, certain dutie.snoon.saungdafuimrzttedd intoh the United King-
by the new Premier, that
g unt the kingdom, testottheerevenue depart-
the chairman, and was received with much warmth.
Amongst the distinguished personages present were the d omeatsni S '
evening, Duke of Cleveland, the Earl of Chichester, the Earl of guidance of the officers of the Customs in the ma
was intimated on Monday night, and again on Thursdayt
Sheffield, Viscount Morpeth, Sec. &C. f Commons
for discussion with re-
The Earl of CHICHESTER, in proposing (after dinner) he should probably h
hastg l,
irnobuetehnehopHoutseao.
endtutiaet evening move the continuance
the toast, "Agriculture, Manufactures, and Com- of the
° afford
measure in relltayti
present
sigar opspoorrtuna. further limited period of
mores," urged the importance of bearing in mind the time, in order
newt
fact that a reciprocal interest exists between these great spect to thef
1 to give a copy of the to the subject, it
portions of the community. When he first joined
objectma.vbe
funseettiice
which is very succinct,lleawnd Octs
nowh the
this society, and indeed till about eight months ago, he lowing°effect :—blost Gracious Sovereign, we, vourto?Ljee Majesty's
great interest in the prosperity of agriculture,
most dutiful and loyal sub acts, the Commons ofa the
and, what is not identical, be took great interest in United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland in Parlia-
the prosperity of manufactures ; but, until the period to meat assembled, towards raising the necessary supplies
which he had alluded, he was not himself a practical far- to defray .your Majesty 's. public expenses, have freely and
eller. Having now become so, he would venture to state • voluntarily resolved t° give. and grant unto your aleiesse
to the meeting the source 'from which he drew en- the duties hereinafterrminnttioned, and therefore do most
couragement, under God's providence_ and those other humbly beseech
yoeue Queejn'sy that it may be enacted; and
and higher considerations which ought to encourage us , be it enacted by
andt consent ofmost excellent Majesty, by and
in every difficult task. They were all aware that the ' mith the
Commonsadyiee in
this
present the Lords spiritual and tern-
farmer. in the course of his operations in husbandry, ; Lordalbandhea
uthoritv of the same,
efi Parliament assembled,
was in the habit of watching those signs which Provi- ! on sugarTt and molasses, and the bountiesat thellol duties imposedb
denee le,s given us, and by which we judge to a certain an Act passed in the session of Parliamenta hvoZile tnhienr eto,
lee,
Bth :
deeree what weather and seasons we may expect ; and and 9th years of the reign of her present Majesty, intituled
though we were not able to foretell for a long time to- ' an " Act for granting to her elajesty, until the sth day of
gether what weather we should have, yet if we were ! July, 1846, certain duties on sugar imported into the United
sedulous in watching those signs. we should generally i Kingdom," shall be tu,..rther continued until the sth day of
malts pretty sure guesses what they would be, ; August proximet 18`Y). 2- And be it enactekt that all the
when we he,ked around us and observed the state . clauses, powers, provisions, matters, and things contained in
of tile leie-ieol.. Bot we hod also to consider, par- i the said Act, shall be extended to this Act, and to the duties
ti.ielerly in large ividertakings. what we might expect i and bounties
samehereby y continued, in as full and ample a man-
ner as if the had been, repealed and re-enacted in this
to be the state of the demand for our produce. And I
Act and made part hereof. 3. And be it enacted, that this
when he entered into these speculations, the manner in ; Actby
the present session may be amended or repealed any Act to be passed in
which he directed his observations, to ascertain whether i• of Parliament.
improvement in agriculture and the increase in agricul- ve
• • IND-SOWN (IRAIN.----LiSt year, just on the eve of
tural produce we, l'kely to be an employment in which i the barley harvest, a very high wind occurred in the neigh-
one mighr: safely eegisge, was toward, the sate of the i bourhood of Liverpool, which swept off from a ripe crop of
country in general. 1-1 e tried to ascertain how far he 1 barley enough seed to sow an adjoining field that lay fallow.
might, look eie,n the prosperity of those great interests i The occupier of the land, observing the seed so freely seat-
w hieL were included in the toast he now Proposed; and, , tered upon the soil, caused it to be harrowed in; it stood the
en, his eyes were turned towards winter, shot up in the spring, and last week was cut down,
in considering this queiti
the north of England. They all knew how essential)i i and a sample of it. shown in the market, the same being of
the pr9l3perity of the wrienitudets mutt dwayi dors the fast deoriptono—Manciteeter olio*"
•
. _ -o—..

Nith rai
teZes
Ova. Ply
Lm a,
fun, GOP.
rt ruo;1"
, ; 100—

h Trctio;
Ours,
NI to tr

aSGov
;
;
C, (0000
atberP.
b Plat*
, on 0-
.Wing
his,
islicAs
010

22),
4

r.
t. .10„..7fe.
lis.
Job
s'll

N

An extensive fall of earth took place lately near
Pedrazzi, in the Tyrol, by which a great number of trees
were uprooted, and the farm of a man named Loss was

Covered over with mud and gravel to the depth of three or
four feet. The authorities, on hearing of the disaster, pro-

ceeded to the spot, and ordered excavations to be made
After two hours' work the body of a child was discovered,
and shortly after those of the father and mother. All the
cattle of the farmer were found dead. It is supposed that this
lamentable accident was caused by the quantity of rain which
had fallen.
DESTRCCTIVE FIRE AT LIVERPOOL.—About one
o'clock yesterday morning, whilst constables Campbell and
Haggerty were on duty in the vicinity of the Custom-house,
they perceived large volumes of smoke issuing front a splen-
did pile o f building situate in Cooper's-row, occupied by Mr.
M'Eachen (late Appleton), as a cork-cutting manufactory.
They immediately gave information to Superintendents
Boyd and Abraham, who caused the alarm to be c.mmuni-
cated to the fire police-station. Before, however, time was
afforded for the arrival of the engines, the flames had burst
forth from the windows on the second floor, and in an incre-
dibly short period a mighty mass of fire seemed to pervade
the entire of the building. Mr. Hewitt and Chief Commis-
sioner Brown were quickly at the scene of conflagration, and
they directed the ufforts of the brigade to the preservation of
the adjoining premises, in the occupation of Meisrs. Newton,
Lyon, and Co., copp- r and zinc merchants. Mr. Dowling,
the chief commissioner of the police, and Mr. Maxwell. in-
spector of salvage, now arrived at the scene of conflagration,
and were unremitting in their exertions to suppress the
flames. Thire being but a moderate breeze from the south-
west, the powerful engines brought into exercise checked the
progress of the flames, which at one time threatened to enve-
lope the adjoining premises at the corner of South Jelin-
street, occupied by Me,srs. Dempster, the extensive shipping-
bakers, situate on the west side of the burning Luilding. Un-
forumitely no water cou!il be obtained fr the mains for
three-quarters of au hour, ti flames m,anwhile making
rapid progress, and at two o'clock the roof fell in with a
r•Tort re,ernbling a peal of thunder. The scene at this
period was truly grand; the heavens were comoletelv iilu-
minaletl, and tile sho er of sparks u hich succeeded the falling
10 of the out eclipsed any pyrotechnic display of mod,,rti
times. The premises and contents were t. tally destroyed,
an.i the tire; though still raging, it was hoped would be con-
«'e have not
tined
n, aitneil.ge
atout,liej
Lie,rnoGi ier.
~F A!,l .ll)l'SDN..—'l7l-mrs,lav the imnropriate
tort ry of otherwi-e Alne Tollerton, in the !soffit
Ridinp4 of Yorkshire, with the perpetual advowsen of the
vicaraoe of Alne, was put up to auction by order of the High
C.ntrt of Chancery. with the appToba:ien of the Hon. Sir G.
i-to,e, one of the I;isters of the Court, at the public auction
,not arty's Inn Cotfee.house, the sale arising
~,,1 T. !I,' J.,sep'a V,raio and of hers, a.ld the I.lw,
"ntelia,s .;; alv..l...tii••N. The' bete was soiNect to the
e:' pr,sc.nt. :it'd comprised about 164
i• wa.s.:lhout. :22V. Der annuTn and the
wee at lb ,at -).)../. pal.: annum. Yiot highest offer tit
tile lot Iva, ,01. Toe dc.joAear c.lid that the reserved price
w 401111411 ya fi wt, 8114 UN gale 4)64

eroif
nit of
be4blo
ricli
■
11.• d"

THE GASTRONO.II[I] IiE;EiVER.47'OI?. A
Simpli ed and entirely Yea, Sydem of Cookery. By M.
Scy'r of the isejOrm Club.
Who has nut heard tne cuisine of the Reform Club?
Who has not luard of its chef, Alexis Soyer and.his
I",tiat mon,t,r a la ('in,ft.irl'.lll •Di:, creme de l'..l:ppt
I:lorahirn Paella ? WO love Coo tu;,;of.',.-
• •
e,oinifigsfi-,,rwarcl, ill pr(fPria Perscnut,
and inforrni;l•_r ns,‘!•t, ;n4h,,,1.; fnini)",,,ys to prOdlie,
thou, ~tiwor;d.
n:)t this buck of M. i;oyel.s.is destin9d to
.Pt"cluc,e a ic:volution in trui., Englaakl, and to
14bititute for the fat gielisy unscientific school of cook".

REPORT FROM THE SELECT
COMMITTEE ON METROPOLITAN SEWAGE
MANURE.
The Select Committee appointed to consider such plans
as shall be laid before them for the application of the
Sewage of the Metropolis to Agricultural Purposes,
and to report their opinion to the House; to whom the
Metropolitan Sewage Manure Company Bill and the
Reports of the Commissioners, and all Petitions on
the subject of the said Bill, were referred; and who.
e. empowered to Report the Minutes of Evidence
taken before them to the house; have considered the
matters to them referred, and agreed to the following
Report:—
Your Committee having directed their attention to the
several documents referred to them by your Honourable
House ; they have considered the scheme proposed by
'le Metropolitan Sewage Manure Company for carry-
ing away the refuse of the Ranelagh and King's Scholars'
Pond Sewers, and rendering it available for agricultural
purposes ; they have examined the objections made to
that scheme upon public grounds in the several petitionse
referred to them ; they have entered so far Into the 4
merits of the competing projects as to enable them to,
decide, whether on their account, and for their sake, they
Bill of the established company now standing for a se-4
cond reading, should be rejected .or postponed; and'
after examining witnesses on the subjects connected
with their inquiry, they have agreed to the following
report:—
With regard to Mr. Wicksted, who proposes to carry
off the entire sewage of London in a tunnel of from 8 to
12 feet in diameter, and at a depth of from 40 to 80 fee t
under the revel- of the streets of London, they believe)
that the first experiment of dealing with sewage water'
had better be tried upon a smaller scale, upon one or twee
sewers only, and at a less formidable expense. It ap-
pears, moreover, from the evidence of Mr. Wick-steel
himself, that the temporary concession of the two out-
lying sewers in question to other parties would rather
facilitate than impede the ultimate development of his
scheme.
Your Committee, therefor., are not disposed to re-
commend the postponement or rejection of the present
Bill for the sake of Mr. Wicksted's plan. _Neither would
they be influenced to adopt this course by the considera-
tion of Mr. Higgs' project.
Mr. Higgs proposes to construct, at the motnh of a
sewer, or in some convenient spot to which the vivter of
the sewer might be made to flow, three tanks ; ea ch of
which tanks is to be of sufficient dimensions to coretain
'se maximum amount of' sewage brought down in the
space of twelve hours. The precautions with which he
proposes to deal with the sewage so accumulated, would
probably preclude the possibility of any deleterious or
offensive consequences, but the public mind is not at:
present prepared to risk the establishment of any such
reservoirs, and no company has as yet been formed to
carry his scheme into execution.
Having thus discarded the objections which might.
possibly be urged against the Bill, on the ground of its
interference with a preferable competing measure, your
Committee turn to those which have been either urged
in the petitions referred to them, or elicited in tihe
examination of witnesses.
The main ground of complaint advanced by the owncit
or occupiers of neigbouring lands and houses is that power'.
has been taken in the Bill to construct reservoirs ore
tanks fur the reception of stagnant and offensive sewage,'
water. This power has now been unreservedly relin-
quished by the promoters. No reservoir, tank, or
catch-pond can be constructed by the company under
the proposed Act. The sewage will be conveyed in a co-
vered shaft from the main sewer into the well, from which.
an engine will pump it into iron pipes. This process will
be carried on in a closed building, and any fetid ex
halations from the liquid during .he short period it re-
mains exposed to the atmosphere, will be conveyed into
the furnace of the steam-engine. e-.ny silt deposited in
the well by the remain.- water will likewise be removed
from the well within this covered building, and precau-
tions may easily be taken for washing, and ultimately
dieinfecting it, before it is carried out. 1.-lhe practise at
present is to shovel it by hand labour frooa the bed of
open sewer upon the bank, where it ljos until it is
purchased by the builders to make up into mortar. The
witnesses generally concur in stating that no ether solid
matter will be deposited by the running water of the
drain. At any rate, the quantity will be so small as to
be easily disposed of, without annoyance to the neigh-
bourhood. The station-house will not, therefore, be a.
cause of nuisance, and the liquid will be removed in a far
less offensive state than that in which it is now found,
when backed in the open sewer by the high tide, and
stagnating for hours together in the immediate vicinity
of an inhabited district, to be afterwards poured forth at.
low tide into the open bed of the river.
The only danger or inconvenience, therefore, which
can accrue to the inhabitants is from the breakage of
pipes, or from the ultimate distribution of the sewage
water upon the land.
Your Committee are convinced that sewage water is
neither corrosive in its nature, nor liable to generate ex-
plosive gases. It may, therefore, be as safely conveyed
in iron pipes as the water of the Thames now is, by the
several water companies : and the general testimony of
witnesses, both favourable and unfavourable to the
scheme, leads your Committee to believe that when pipes•
are laid down in a bard solid road fractures are of rare
occurrence. With the exception of the new ground be-
tween the station-house of the company and Belgrav e-
square, the proposed line is entirely of that character..
With the view, therefore, of avoiding all new ground in
public thoroughfares, your Committee' recommend, that
instead of pursuing the route proposed in the Bill, the
pipes should he carried from the mouths of the sewers
along the bank of the Thames to or beyoeirl Battersea-
bridge, from whence they may strike off int`o the coun-
try, without exposing the more thickly inhabh'e.d part of
the town to the unnecessary annoyance of havi nie their
roadways broken up.
With regard to the application of the metrovolitau
sewage .water to the laud, your Comalittee are satisfied
that it is diluted to so great an extent that its app.lica,e
tion to the land will be less offensive than that of manure,
in its solid state.
Having thus disposed of all serious objections to the-
proposal of the Metropolitan Sewage Manure Company,
your Committee cannot conclude their report without
urging upon the House the importance of a project which
proposes at all times to carry away the drainage at the
level of low tides, and to remove from the Thames the
daily increasing refuse of London. It is true that this
measure has lost something of its efficiency, in con-
sequence of the abandonment of the reservoirs-
The result of this concession is, that no more-
sewage can be drawn at any time from the drains-
than can be disposed of at the moment to the agricul-
turist ; but even this comparatively imperfect measure
will try a great experiment, and if the confident expecta-
tions of your Committee are accomplished, it will tot
fail ultimately to realise all the advantages which were
originally contemplated. Mr. Dickenson has proved
the efficiency of liquid manures. The meadows of
Edinburgh and of Mansfield have shown the power of
sewage water. Mr. Thompson, of Clitheroe, and Mr.
Harvey, of Glasgow, have established the fact that liquid
manure may be applied at a cheap rate, by means of the
mechanical contrivance of service-pipes and hoses, to-
crops in every stage of their growth.
There will be found individuals, no doubt, in this
country, of enterprise, to give further development to
each of these experiments ; but it is only through the
agency of a company that they may be all combined,
and applied to the important purposes of cleansing our
towns, purifyinc our rivers, and enriching our soil.
It is under these impressions that four Committees
recommend the proposed Bill, with the falowing modi-
fications and provisions, to the favourable consideration
of your honourable House:-
Ist. That a line should be adopted for the main pipe
along the bank or bed of the river, to or beyond Batter-
sea-bridge, instead of the proposes line.
2d. That th© State should reserve to itself the power
of resuming its entire property in the sewage, after s.
certain -period, upon conditions to be specified in the.

Bill. -
3d. That the power now specially reserved to theCoat-
missioners of Sews: s, should be extended to any
autho-
rity which may hereafttr be entrusted with the zasnage-
dtent of the sewers.
for4tthh.eTsheacturcilta3reosrbethiVrpodubuicedie
ainggitontsr. Bill paroccvireiz
ee
arising from breaking or le.akagr otththe
igsshall exempt
sth. That nothing contained in
the company from liability to the present legal remedies
against nuisances.
6th. That nothing contained in the Bill shall exempt
the company from the supervision and control of any
authority which shall hereafter be established for such
purposes.
13th duly 184 G.

THE LATE MAJOR-GEprERAL
M'CASKILL, K.C.B.
(From the Perthshire Courier.)
The late Major-General Sir John M'Caskill, K.C.8., who
died gloriously in the bloody engagement at Moodkee, on the
18th of December last, was a native of the Isle of Syke, the-
birth-place of many gallant heroes. Sir John M'easkill was
the last of four excellent brothers, three of whom died in the
military service of their Sovereign and country. By his
death his father's family became extinct, except two
sisters, who still reside in their native island. Tites.e
amiable ladies, whose moral worth render them worthy of
being sisters of their gallant deceased brother, were fie"
rally supported by a handsome annuity which he duti-
fully allowed to each. Their prospects at his destk
were, indeed, gloomy in the extreme,, as they had no
friend a of whom to claim support, and no resources
whatever to depend upon for their maintenance. They had
•
no legal claim on Government, as their gallant brother left
a widow and family to be supported by the public funds-
Their case was alike distressing and hopeless; and although
it was early represented at bead-quarters, there were 110 ta-
• ,arable replies, on account o f the stringe It regulations ct
tne War-office. The Rev. Alexander Macgregor, of Kilmuir.
deeply sympathising with their afflicted condition, took the
liberty of representing it by letter to Sir R. Peel, on the 18th.
of June. The appeal was not made in vain, and the result
affords an illustrious display of the worthy Baronet's humane
and generous heart. The following communications, in the;
hand-writing of Sir It. Peel, are full of interest :
" Whitehall, June 29, 1846.
" Sir Robert Peel presents his compliments to the Rev.
Alexander M'Gregor, and Legs leave to inform hiw, that Sir
Robert Peel has had great satisfaction in recommending to
the Queen that pensions to the amount of 501. each shall be
granted to the Miss MCaskills, in consideration of the gallant
service of their brother, the late Sir John bl`Caskill, mnd of
his death on the field of battle."
" Whitehall, June 29, 1e,46.
" Sir Robert Peel presents his compliments to the MISS
BlCaskills, and has great satisfaction in informing them that
the Queen has been graciously pleased, on the recommends+
tion of Sir Robert Peel, to grant to the Miss M'Caskills pen-
sions of 501. each, on the civil list, for their lives."

A crab fish of prodigious dimensions *as captured
yesterday (Monday) morning, amongst the locks near lowa,
Ironworks, by a youth who had scarcely reached his View.
It measured nearly two feet from the extremity of one day►
to the other, and the thickest part of the claw was rawit.s
inohes is oirculagtece.--Ciankfirptiracket