The Sun.
London, England, 1841-12-20 00:00:00

(Mte

LONDON:
MONDAY, DECEMBER 20, 184 1.

The hardy men of the North are too bold in
conscious rectitude to allow themselves to be
scared from the noble purpose they have taken
in hand by the foul and big words of the Tory
Journals. The Times may rave according to . its
wont, without having the smallest influence on
the stout hearts in the manufacturing districts
that are resolved to stand up tor their rights.
On Saturday it said :
But though the Leeds Conventionists be harmless
enough in the way of argument, they may do plenty of
mischief in the way of inflammation. Their discourses
are intended to be disseminated by a Radical press
among multitudes of people, all of them more or less
pinched by want, and all of them persuaded that their
wages, whether high or low, are at all events lower than
they ought to be. And, for the edification of such
persons, Mr. T. Plint moved a resolution, that " this
meeting regards the Corn and Provision -laws as equally
unconstitutional, unjust, and injurious; and as tending,
if pertinaciously maintained, to destroy the attachment
and allegiance of the people to the Government." It is
absurd to say that such passages as this are merely
the expressions of free opinion. They are direct
incentives to rebellion. - And, that nothing may be
wanting to render
.the hint intelligible, Mr. T. Flint
takes care to add a gloss of his own. " I do fear," says
he, " that this will be the case • and if the Legislature
should present itself in the odious light of upholding
these laws fur-their own particUlar benefit, who can won-
der if the bond of allegiance be severed? I hope they will
be wise in time. Then follows more such " perilous
stuff," about curses loud and deep, and so on. It would
not be safe to say, "If the Corn-laws be maintained,
the people should rebel ;" but there is thought to be
less of hazard in saying, "If the Corn-laws be maintained,
we cannot wonder that the people should rebel." And
these are the patriots who told us, ten years ago, that if
we would but pass the Reform Bill, the people would be
so justly and truly represented; that they could never
more have occasion to complain of Parliament !
It is unfortunate for the reputation of the Times
that it comes with its hints and threats about
rebellion after the Morning Post. It is some
weeks ago since the latter Journal undertook to
denounce some of the opinions of the Liberal
Press as seditious and treasonable; but it was, we
believe, shamed from such unworthy tactics.
The course which for the Post was unsuccessful
and abandoned, the Times has now taken up,
with this difference, that it directs its arrows
against the suffering manufacturers, while the
Post, with a brotherly love, contented itself with
aiming at other Journals. The Times will suc-
ceed as little as the Post, and neither Mr. PLINT,
nor any other manufacturer, will modify his lan-
guage the shadow of a shade from any
fear of the Attorney-General. For our parts,
we feel unfeigned pleasure at knowing that the
manufacturers have the sense and spirit to adopt
such language, and we should desire nothing
better for their cause than that the landed arh-
tocracy should bring the great question at issue
between it and the other classes to a decision, by
some criminal proceedings against the manufac-
turers before the Judges of the land.
Let us look, however, a little closely at the
language said to be " incentives to rebellion."
Is it not true that the present Provision-laws are
"equally unconstitutional, unjust, and injurious ?"
..
Is it not unconstitutional—nay, contrary to the
very principles oil which political society is
founded, on which any Government ventures to
ask Or to. hope for the allegiance of the people—
to tax one class to enrich another? The Govern-
ment is established to give equal protection to
every individual and every class, and when it
taxes and
oppresses'One class it forfeits i's right
to the allegiance of that class. Is not that the
question which was practically decided by the
success of the United States?
The injustice of •
the tax is equally clear and
admitted. MIS not Lord STANLEY said that it
enhances rent, or
puts money into the pockets of
anything the lawmakers? Can a •
gbe mope abomi-
nable
sthaensthat they should make laws to enrich
? Is it not their argument that their
if they did not tax the
estateextent,speople's bread 9
Can anything be more scandalousc than that they
should compelthe
community to pay
tbr the cultivation of their efk
ates? Being -
rest. of the
thus
any man
injurious ? Do .
doubt that the law is
Does injus-
different from • •
unconstitutional and unjust, Can ,
Injury ?
lice mean
It does not, and to persist. in an unjust course of
policy, because it is supposed to be beneficial,
anything-
Honesty
is to actin the teeth of all experience.
is not only the best, it is the only policy; and a
•
law which is unjust, that is, forbidden by Na-
ture or GOD, is necessarily injurious.
To state such truths is the business of all public
writers and speakers, and it is absurd to describe
them as incentives to rebellion. To describe the
inevitable consequences of such iniquitous laws
on the minds - of the people—they producing
first,•suffering, then discontent, and, finally, but
necessarily, destroying the attachment of the
people to a Legislature which passes such laws—
is also the duty of every man who wishes to col.-
rect injustice, and promote the prosperity of
mankind. To say that such language is " incen-
tives to rebellion," is to pronounce a severe con-

demnation against the Government, which is
thus set in direct opposition to truth andjustice.
But the language of the Times is mere raving,
for it can no more be incentives to rebellion to
denounce the unjust laws which the aristocracy
have passed to enrich themselves than to criticise
the ordinances of MENU.

It is, unfortunately, a lamentable fact, that
the conduct of the Legislature, in reference to
the Corn-law, which the Times formerly took
the lead in denouncing, has taught the people
to despise its authority. Shall that fact not be
stated, even to warn the Legislature ? Shall
the people go on blindly submitting to injus-
tice, because it is practised in the name of the
law, till England be reduced to the condition of
France under the tyranny of Louis PHILIPPE ?
Those, in our estimation, are the best friends of
the country, and the best friends of the aristo-
cracy, who warn them in time of the dreadful
consequences of their present career, and endea-
vour to frighten them back, by a representation
of the dangers which await their onward course,
as was ably and honestly done by the Leeds

meeting.
From the company which the Tory Ministers
keep, it is plain that they will not need to be
spurred on by English journalists to try high-
handed measures with the people. They have
begun that in Ireland. They are incited to go
on by all the menials of the despotic Courts of the
Continent by whom they are surrounded. There
is scarcely one of these, from an Ambassador Ex-
traordinary to the lowest Vice-Consul, who does
not continually reiterate that no such free discus-
sion is allowed abroad. These gentlemen do in-
deed continually use incentives to rebellion
against the people, and against the duty which
the Government owes the people. They con-
tinually remind our aristocracy that on the Con-
tinent there is the knout, or incarceration in for-
tresses, for those who use their tongues or pens,
or there are laws against bringing the Govern-
ment into contempt, however much it may de-
serve to be brought into contempt ; and, according
to them, it is a weakness and a disgrace tovur Go-
vernment that public writers and public speakers
are at liberty to use their pens and tongues
so freely. They manage such matters, it is said,
better in France and Russia; and it will not go well
for the aristocracy and the Government inEngland
till the free expression of opinion be put down
here as it is put down abroad. With such en-
couragement, and incited to rebel against
the public andagainst justice by the Times and
Post, it would not surprise us were we to find,
amongst the measures which the Tories are con-
cocting to relieve the public distress, some plan
for putting an end to the meetings of the manu-
facturers, and for enchaining the Press. From
an erroneous analogy, the precept that self-pre-
servation is the first law of nature has been ex-
tended from animal life• to constituted Go-
vernments; and under the influence of this
error—as the unjust laws passed by the
aristocracy for their exclusive benefit cannot
possibly be maintained if the press and the suf-
fering manufacturers be allowed to speak freely
of them—we dread that the monopolist and
starvation Government will endeavour to pre-
serve itself by striking a heavy blow at the
liberties of the people.

We can assure Mr. WARD that we had no per-
sonal motives for our observations last Tuesday,
and no intention of making a personal attack on
him. He is, however, a public man, answerable
to the public for Lis conduct. His connection
with the Weekly Chronicle is notorious and
avowed, and we could not allow sentiments to
pass which were obviously his—which the writer
in the Weekly Chronicle does not repu
diate for him, and which, in our opinion,
struck at the very principles for which
the free-trade and Anti-Corn-law party are
contending—without alluding to the fatal in-
fluence which such sentiments might have on the
welfare of Mr. WARD'S constituents. We did
this in few -words ; declaring, however, that if
those were Mr. WARD'S sentiments, the confi-
dence of the free-traders of Sheffield in him was
misplaced.

In reply to our remarks, instead of proving
that Mr. Webs continues worthy to represent
Sheffield, the Weekly chronicle pours out two-
thirds of a column of fretful, peevish vituperation
of The Stu!, and of its proprietor. We have
no inclination whatever to imitate the Weekly

Chronicle, 'for come into collision with Mr.
WARD, or any other individual, and no intention
to indulge in personal remarks. As public Jour-
nalists, however, serving a great and a good
cause, we have public duties to perform, and we
can only regret when the performance of them
obliges us to speak harsh and unpleasant truths.
The Weekly Chronicle reproaches the pro-
prietor of The Sun with being, in his political
opinions, " Everything by turns, and nothing
long." Such an assertion is the effusion of mere
spleen, for The Sun has steadfastly adhered to
the Reform cause and the Liberal party, having
never changed its opinion of any great measures.
or principles, though it has been driven to
change its opinion of men, since it came into
the hands of the present proprietor. Un-
doubtedly The Sun has, at former times, sup-
ported Mr. WARD, and, if it cannot do so now,
the change, it is presumed, is in Mr. WARD,
and not in The Sun. The Sun has seen with
regret two or three of Mr. WARD'S proceedings,
but only noticed that part of them which ap-
peared to it to be a complete sacrifice of the
principles for which Mr. WARD, as a Corn-law
Repealer, professed to contend. We have
reason to believe that the Hon. Member. for
Sheffield's conduct has not given satisfaction to
his constituents, and the Weekly Chronicle
would better serve his interest by reconciling
him to them, than by making a fidgetty and
somewhat contemptible attack on us.

We are indebted to the Morning Post for
abridgement of an excellent lecture on the war
between Great Britain and China, delivered at
a meeting of the Massachusetts Historical So-
ciety, by that eminent statesman and patriot
JOHN QUINCY ADAMS, ex-President of the
United States. As Mr. ADAMS had dis-
tinguished himself throughout the Ame-
rican Union by his bold and uniform de-
nunciation of slavery, domestic and foreign,
and us on every occasion he seeks to base even
his political views upo'n the code of morals
contained in the New Testament, the religious
world will naturally feel eager to learn his
sentiments upon a dispute which attracts
the attention of the whole civilized world.
Well, Mr. ADAMS justifies the war on the
part of England: He even does more, for he
expresses astonishment that, after the provoeations
which we received, war was not sooner resorted
to by the British Government. He considers
that all Christian States trading with China have
a right to compel the Chinese Government to
treat them upon a footing of perfect equality. It
is curious to find JOHN QUINCY ADAMS express-
ing as his decided conviction an opinion which
has over and over again been repeated in
the leading columns of The Sun during
the opium controversy—namely that war wasjus-
tified at the instant ofthe lamented Lord NAPIER'S
expulsion from China. This opinion of oars was
ridiculed and attacked at the time by several
of our Contemporaries—it found no echo in the
Cabinet; and yet now we have the ex-President
of the United States bearing his testimony to its
justice and sound policy.

There is a dearth of political news in the
French Journals. The Opposition papers
only await the sentence of the Court of
Peers upon DUPOTY, editor of the Journal du
Peuple, to declare war to the knife against
that tribunal. The Peers, on their part,
are eager for a conflict with the Press, the
liberties of which they are bent upon crushing
at any and every risk. If the Court of Peers
find M. DUPOTY guilty, it will have scattered to
the winds the Charter of 1830. What revolu-
tionist will afterwards hesitate to follow the ex-
ample of the Peers:

It will be recollected that the Company to which the

Britannia steamer belongs, was sentenced to pay 700,000
francs to the Phenix Company, or to give up the . boat,
which caused the accident. The boat was seized, and
declared to be a French vessel (Francaise), and
was on the point of resuming its service, whe:i
in order to get rid of a competition . which would
destroy its monopoly on the line between Havre
and London, the English Company has thought
fit to claim from the Phenix Company 50,000 francs, as
an indemnity for the damage suffered by the Britannia
in sinking the Phenix. Thus, if an incendiary, set-
ting fire to a house, should have his hand burnt, the
owner. would be bound to pay for salve to cure the wound.
—Commerce.

l'he,Gernian Journal of Frankfort mentions that the
States lof,Brunswick have, by a majority of 33 to 13,
decided that tb.e Grand Duchy shall, from the Ist of nest
month, join the German Customs Union, in virtue of
the treaty of the 19th of October last.
A letter from Posen, of the 2d inst., states that Count
d'Arnim had set out for Warsaw suddenly on a mission
of importance, which was supposed to relate to some in-
tended modifications of the restrictive Customs system
on the Russian frontier.
BOURSE—Penis, THURSDAY, DEC. 16.

kirst Highest Lowest Last
Price Price. Price, Price.
French 5 per Cents ll4 10 ... 116 50 ... 116 0 ... 116 45
'4 per Cents lOO 85 ... DO 85 ... 100 85 ... 100 8.5
. 3 per Cent•. ex div 7B 20 . 78 90 ... :8 20 ... 78 25
Loan
dank of France
Light° /sank: 1,0001. Shares 1031 25 ...1C36 25 —103.5 —lO4
5,000 f. Shares 1.060 ..,50€0
...Labe
...5055
teleisn Rank
Belgian 5 per Cents., 1840 Ks ... 103
... 103
... Itz
Nth' ii Lan Active 24% ... 14% ... 24% ... 24%
Passive 5% ... 5% ... 5% ... 5%
Neapolitzr, ex div. - 6J ... .1.5 60
Roman.... ....... ...........•-••••• 102% ... 102% ... 102% ... 102%
Portugueses per Cents.
RAILWAY SHARER.
St. Germain
Rouen 455 ... 455 ... 955 ... 455
Orleans .
Mulhausen to Thann 385 ... 285 ... 385 ... 385
itrasOurg to Bali „shares red 220 ... 225 ... 220 ... 223 75
: ,

We have received Madrid Journals of the 9th
inst. The abuse of ESPARTERO by Mr. O'CoN-
NELL has excited the general indignation of the
inhabitants of that capital. Mr. O'CONNELL has
an old trick, of which it is, we fear, too late to
cure him, of speaking a great deal of matters of
which lie knows nothing. Mr. O'CONNELL un-
derstands the state of his own country better,
perhaps, than any man in it, but he is
out of his element when he attempts to dis-
cuss questions of foreign policy, upon which
we always find him displaying profound
ignorance. If the people of Madrid were only
aware of Mr. O'CoNNELL's habitual blunders in
this way, they would pay very little attention to
what he says of the Regent.
On the Madrid Bourse on the 9th Fives closed
at 32} for cash, and 331 at sixty days. There was
but little business doing.

The Judicial Committee of the Privy Couneil
sat on Saturday to hear Appeals. There were
present :—Lord Wharncliffe, Lord Brougham,
Mr. Justice Erskine, and Dr. Lushington.
Lord Aberdeen arrived in town on Saturday
from Windsor Castle. His Lordship presented
the new Danish and Saxon Ministers to her
Majesty yesterday, on their arrival in this coun-
try; and on Thursday presented the new Ame-
rican Minister, Mr, Everett.

S UM AMY OF NEWS

AND
publtr Optnion.

" Who runs may read."

FOREIGN.
Civil war continues to devastate Syria. The Chris-
tians and Druses are slaughtering each other without
mercy. The Druses supplied by Nezibe Pacha, the Go-
vernor, with ammunition, have ravaged and burned the
whole country surrounding Deir-el-Kamr. The Eng-
lish-Consul-General at Beyrout aftbrds the flying Chris-
tians all the protection in his power. The Druses want
a Napier among them.
The correspondent of the Chronicle, writing from Con-
stantinople on the 24th of November, thus alludes to the
state of Syria :—" Syria, for the last eight months, has
presented the most lamentable picture of local misrule,
intrigue, mismanagement, and insubordination that was
ever witnessed in that, or in any other portion of the
Ottoman empire. French, English, Austrians, Russians,
Egyptians, and even American missionaries have all been
actively engaged, and all apparently acting upon diffe •
rent views and systems, and moreover with different ob-
jects.- The result is, that Syria is in a worse condition
than it ever was under Ibrahim Pacha, and the Porte has
little left but to regret a restoration which, in its effects,
is worse even than a privation. So much so indeed, that
no one 'twist be Surprised if the Sultan were ere long to
propose to restore the temporary pachalic to the son of
Mehemet Ali.
M. de Lurde is appointed Minister Plenipotentiary of
France at Buenos Ayres.
The Council of Commerce, Agriculture, and Industry
was opened on Thursday by the Minister of CoMmeree.
The principal questions to which he directed their at-
tention were the importation of cattle—the question of
beet-root sugar—that of iron, and of a modification of
the tariff in general connected with the projected treaty
with Belgium.
Extract of a letter from Berlin, datOd 6th inst. :
•

" The commission of Plenipotentiaries on the German
Customs Union has already held two meetings, under
the Presidency of the Minister of Foreign Affairs.
Hitherto, as we learn, they have been exclusively en-
gaged upon the question of sugar duties. The repre-
sentative of Electoral Hesse has declared that his Go-
vernment will never encourage the manufacture of beet-
root sugar, but the majority of the Commissioners
from the north and south of Germany are favourable to
it. The accession of Austria is talked of, and the negotia-
tions with Hanover are going on well."
Another correspondent writes on the Bth :—" It has
been decided by the Commission on the Customs Union
that, from the Ist of January next, the duty on lump
sugars shall be raised to ten rix-dollars the quintal.
India sugars will remain at five rix-dollars. The Envoys
from Saxony and Electoraf Hesse have not yet been
heard, but are waiting for further instruetions from their
Governments. There; is no dotibt, however, that the
resolutions will be adopted unanimously.
Our Levant mail, with letter from Constantinople of
the 27th, Alexandria of the 26th, and Smyrna of the
29th, has arrived. The 'fiveTurkish vessels prepared
for sea, which so much disquiet the French press, are
probably to winter in a harbour on the Albanian coast,
and some of them at Vold. Zekeriah Pacha had re-
turned to Constantinople.
PUBLIC OPINION.
The Advertiser observes, in a leading article evidently
penned under a strong apprehension that the doctrines
of Puseyism will spread far and wide through the coun-
try—" Of all the tyrannies to which the human mind
was ever subjected, there is none so degrading, or so
much to be dreaded, as a religious tyranny. Tyranny
begun with religion, never ends with religion. It is sure,
sooner or later, to extend itself to man's civil and politi-
cal privileges also. Spiritual tyranny and civil liberty
cannot Co-exist. They. must come into collision, and un-
fortunately, in the majority of past conflicts, the latter
has been the vanquished combatant. In appealing, there-
fore, to our countrymen to enter the lists with the abo-
minable despotism to which the Puseyites are seeking
to subject us, we appeal to them without reference
to their views on religions questions. We appeal
to them as the friends of freedom of conscience, as the
advocates of liberty of thought and liberty of action,
wherever that liberty is not incompatible with the
rights and safety of society—we appeal to them as the
supporters of the. British Constitution—as the pro-
tectors of those rights and immunities which our ances-
tors have transmitted to us, and which they purchased
with their blood—we appeal on each and all of these
grounds to the people of England, to arouse from their
state of torpor, to open their eyes to the daring designs
which a proud and pampered priesthood, under the name
of Puseyites, have formed against freedom of conscience."
—Our Contemporary is, we think, unnecessarily nervous
respecting the dangers likely to accrue from Puseyism.
That it is spreading, and will spread still further, is un-
deniable ; but we have no fear that it. nill ever seriously
affect the head or heart of the community at large. It
is at variance with the spirit of the age. It is two hun-
dred years behind-hand. The character of the times is
one of progression ; that of Puseyism, of retrogression.
" Go ahead," says the people, " Go back!" say the Trac-
tarians. Again, the tendency of the age is to encourage
the simplest and homeliest forms of religion ; the obvi-
ous tendency of Puseyism is to crush real vital religion
beneath a tawdry load of ceremonial observances, as
Tullio, crushed her father beneath a weight of glittering
armour.

The Post, speaking of the gradual progress of the
Tories during the last seven or eight years, says--" All
that time public opinion has been flowing in their favour,
and at last, upon flood tide, they were borne into office;
and since their accession to office, though they have
taken time to consider what ought to be done, and
though they have not taken any pains to flatter the pre-
judices of any portion of the public, still they seem to
stand as well as they did when they obtained the Govern.
ment. Their opponents do not aPpear to have gathered
any hope that the Conservatives are speedily to be ex-
pelled (unless we take into account the stray flourish of
honest Lord Palmerston at i'ridgnorth), but on the con-
trary, they advertise the world that the ' Liberal' party
must be restored before any such thing as a restoration
of the Liberal' Ministry can be dreamt of. So far as
public expectation goes, the Conservative Administra-
tion must be regarded as strong, and likely to last."---
We see no indications at present that the Tory Admi-
nistration, as now constituted, is likely to last. Most
certainly it will not last, unless on the approaching Ses-
sion they announce an entirely new system of policy.
But this cannot be done, so long as such obnoxious men
as the Duke of Buckingham, Lord Stanley, and that
bright brace of Baronets, Sir James Graham and Sir E.
Knatchbull, have an influential voice in the Tory Coun-
cils. These men, who are the Jonahs of the State
vessel, must be thrown overboard, or the ship will as-
suredly founder.
Alluding to a significant leading article that appeared
in the Times of Friday, respecting
the insufferable
ravenousness of the Tory subalterns, the Chronicle
makes the following remarks :—" Certain untoward cir-
cumstancesin the position of his party seem to prey
upon the mind of the writer in the Times. Success has
brought anything but satisfaction. To abuse the Whigs
is some relief ; although the ceaseless resort to so poor

a consolation indicates that the glory of conquest "gins
rto pale his uneffectual fire.' And even in abusing the
Whigs, it happens, as we have lately shown, that the fes-
tering at the heart becomes obvious, in the unconscious
use of phrases deseriptive of Tory vexation, disappoint-
ment, and apprehension. How forlorn was the confession
on Tuesday last, that you will never want a strong
party' (the very phrase by which Toryism has delighted
to describe itself) when 'you offer an unlimited license of
spoliation.' And how yet more forlorn the ejaculation, but
what is your strong party, when thus collected to do?"
This, we have no doubt, is the very question that Sir
Robert Peel is constantly asking himself, and which
neither he nor any one of his cads can answer. They
have collected their party; they call it a strong one ; yet
despite its strength, what are they to do with it? Will
the Premier muster it under the banner of the Corn-laws?
Will he head it against Free Trade ; sound drum and
trumpet, and bid it rally to the charge against the anti-
monopolists ? He dare not—for his life he dare not !
Whet then will he do with his " strong party ?" Nothing
decisive ; but just ground his arms, and coolly wait to
see what turn events will take.
In the absence of some fresher and more attractive
theme of abuse, the Hen& falls foul of Mr. O'Connell,
as will be seen by the following passage :—" We never
entertained a doubt that if there was one man in the
United ICingdorn who perverted his talents to the worst
of purposes—his influence to the. most mischievous of
applications—his position to objects having the least
legitimate degree of relation to it—that person was no
other than Daniel O'Connell. That he had been, from
first to last, a mere adventurer--unrestrained by any
scruples of real regard for his country, but actuated by
any and every impulse the impression of which coin-
cided with his instinctive selfishness—that as a partisan
he was as unsteady as he was vehement—as faith-
less as he was unsteady—and as rash as he
was faithless ; we, of course, were satisfied who had nar-
rowly watched his public career for the last thirty years.
Besides all his politico-pantomimical changes (as gro-
tesque.,, abrupt, and unblushing as those of his motley
prototype on the stage'), we detected in the various
actor the same individual ; in the mutable demagogue,
the immutable Daniel O'Connell."—And it is precisely
because he is the "immutable Daniel O'Connell" that
he maintains his strong hold on the affections of his
countrymen, and extorts the respect of a vast body of
the English Reformers. His immutability is his title to
general. consideration. Were he otherwise—were he to
rat like a Graham, or vacillate like a Peel—he would
soon become a mere nullity. The great champion of
Catholic Emancipation need desire to have no better epi-
taph inscribed on his tombstone than this—Here lies the
immutable Daniel O'Connell !

We take the following from the Times :—" The
plaint uttered at Derby by the midland millowners has
made itself heard among their northern brethren at
Leeds and at Manchester ; and they have re-echoed the
cry with a shrillness which strikes very sharply on the
ear, however little it may move the understanding. The
only one of their allegations, whether in the way of fact
or of argument, which has any sort of truth in it, is that
a great deal of distress is existing in the manufacturing
districts. We are quite sure that there is no class of
men whose sympathy is more awake to the sufferings of
their poorer fellow-subjects than those who are held up
to obloquy as the causes of this distress—the Conserva-
tive gentlemen of England."—lf the Tories really have
this sympathy for the poorer classes of society, they
have a queer way of showing it, by refusing them the
advantages of cheap bread, and keeping up those mono-
polies under which they are ground down to the very
dust. But your true Tory is a cross-grained animal—
so much so, as to make his very sympathies wear all the
aspect of antipathies.

I - COMMERCIAL REFORM.
On Thursday the important meeting on the state of
the cotton trade, and its distress, was held .at Manches-
ter, when a numerous body of deputies attended from the
various towns comprised within the great cotton district,
of which Manchester is the centre, and made
invaluable and authentic statements upon the condition of
the trade, and population, and wages—the extent of pau-
perism, and the effects of the food monopoly.
At a meeting of the Bishopsgate Anti-Corn-law Asso-
ciation, held on Tuesday, Colonel Thompson's opinion
was reiterated by the lecturer, " That the time was come
for demanding compensation from the landlords, for
twentyfive years of unjust spoliation of the people ;"
and in conclusion, it was resolved that the Colonel should
be invited to address the Association on the 22d instant.
Mr. Sidney Smith delivered a lecture on the Corn-laws
on Friday, at Twickenham.

MONEY—TRADE—COIVXMEXCE.
By a letter from one of the largest iron-masters in
Wales, it would appear that they consider the worst
period of depression past, and tha; from the orders on
hand an improvement in the iron trade may be confi-
dently anticipated.

PUBLIC IMPROVEMENTS,
The anti-coercion system in lunatic asylums is in every
way found to be the most advisable. This plan (said
Mr. P. Laurie, at the meeting of Middlesex Magistrates)
was first adopted by M. Pinel, in France, and the benefi-
cial results attendant on his kind treatment caused it to
be introduced into this country. Fifty years ago lunatics
were treated as criminals of the worst character: instead,
however, of being prisons now, they are hospitals of cure
and asylums of benevolence.

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