The Sun.
London, England, 1846-09-18 00:00:00

411 b.
tennl C

LONDON, FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 18, 1846.

We cannot allow the termination of the annual
meeting of the British Association to pass without
availing ourselves of the opportunity thereby afforded
of again commenting upon the advantages such a
philosophical reunion is calculated to ensure. In our
previous allusions to this important consideration, we
took occasion to specify some few of the many tan-
gible or appreciable benefits already conferred upon

mankind directly, through the instrumentality, or in- s
directly, through the influence of this remarkable
body. Nevertheless, its utility can in no adequate
manner be estimated from the discoveries made
under its supervision, from the theories propounded
in its discussions, from the scientific data evolved
under its scrutiny, from the original and startling
treatises perused in its different sections, or from the
novel illustrations by which it has so frequently, and
sometimes so successfully, endeavoured to elucidate
and develop the truths already stored in the garner-
house of knowledge. Not merely is the British Asso-
ciation endued in its very nature with a capacity for
inciting men forward upon the tracks of civilization,
and for aiding the efforts of a previously isolated
philosophy ; but it is thereby promoting the still
loftier cause of morality, of religion, and of the
universal regeneration of the human species. Not
only again is it evidencing its powers for the realisa-
tion of these grand designs, by the circumstances
which are periodically revealed to the public in the
newspapers, but its ends are being yet more signally
accomplished in secrecy and in silence. The good
resulting from the collision of thought among philo-
sophers, will not merely evince itself in the language
actually uttered in the course of their discussions and
conversations. A good will result from such colli-
sions of much more solid and intrinsic worth, though
for the moment it may appear less brilliant, or be
altogether invisible. Many trains of reasoning by
induction will be commenced during the period of
such an assemblage, to be pondered upon hereafter
in the privacy of the laboratory, to be tested by in-
numerable experiments, to be germinated under the
fructifying influence of contemplation, and to be
matured by assiduous inquiry. Had BACON pos-
sessed the advantages of an intercourse with GALILEO,
the former—that high priest of modern philosophy—
might not merely have discarded all his fallacious ob-
jections to the Heliocentric system, but might have
opened new fields for investigation beyond those first
traversed by the intellect of COPERNICUS, and subse-
quently by the mind and the eyes of the Tuscan astrono -
mer. Had the vast intelligences of NEWTON and of LEIB..
NITZ been brought into continual correspondence with
each other, the mysteries of the Differential Calculus
might have been earlier disclosed, and one of the most
lamentable strifes recorded in the history of science
have been altogether avoided. Had such an associa-
tion been instituted, for example, at such a remote
period as the establishment of the Lyncean Society
—had the greatest scientific geniuses of Europe
been thereby brought into annual communion,
knowledge would unquestionably have extended far
beyond the glorious dimensions it has even now at-
tained. Agriculture would have been still more bene-
fited by mechanics in implements, by hydraulics in
drainage and irrigation, and by chemistry in the
treatment of vegetation and the selection of manures.
We might extend these very rational conjectures
throughout the whole complication of human in-
dustry, throughout manufactures, throughout naval
architecture, throughout the entire range of domestic
economy and international enterprise.
It is wise, however, to restrict our attention to the
may. be's of the future instead of regarding the might-
have-been's of the past. Already the British Associ-
ation can enumerate its successes ; it can rejoice
over the good it has already accomplished, and can
without vainglory revert to its different achievements,
and especially to the achievements of its individual
members and its corresponding associates. Such a re-
trospect was the discourse uttered at Southampton
by its President, Sir RODERICK MURCIHSON. The
wandering and vagrant character of the asso-
ciation has been objected to, but in reality
it constitutes not its least advantage. By
holding their meetings in the different quarters
of a country, philosophers not only extend their own
knowledge of nature, but excite a wholesome rever-
ence for science in the minds of thousands who
might otherwise have continued unconscious of its
dignity. A spirit of noble emulation is, morever,
inspired into the hearts of our sages by such an in-
tercourse, and beyond this, the multitude is
inspired with a more ennobling love for the material
glories of nature, and a more intense veneration for
those spiritual glories which are evidenced in the
functions and the organisation of matter.
These are the considerations experienced by us as
Englishmen, and as denizens of this island ; but
looking at the question in a cosmopolitan
light, our opinion of the advantages likely
to result from such a periodical accumulation
of intellect is only confirmed. " The great bridge
has been built," said Sir Joust HERSCHEL,—" there
is no longer a great gulf between Great Britain and
the continent. The mind of man rises superior to
the physics of matter. It has bridged over the great
gulf." There is something Oriental in the simplicity of
these words, and there is something peculiarly beautiful
in their truthfulness. It is by such associations as these,
by bringing the most eminent as well as the most
obscure members of separate nations together, and by
promoting amity between them through such an
elevating medium as that of science, that all the in-
vidious distinctions of race are obliterated,
and men are ultimately brought to regard
each other not as rivals, but as brethren.
Mr. COBDEN has already predicated the eternal peace
of nations from the establishment of a freedom in
commerce. That peace will be expedited by such
associations as the present. Mutual respect and
affection will be instilled into the representatives of
the intellect of the different kingdoms of the earth by
an intercourse thus sanctified by nature and philosophy.

were too far advanced to enter the regular service,
according to their rules, irregular employment must
be found for them. Thus, after a man, by dint of
extraordinary prowess, has succeeded in entering the
sanctuary of distinction, he finds himself simultane-
ously diverted from the straight line which he would
have eagerly pursued, to the mutual honour and
glory of himself and his country.
It is a trite and true saying, that the best
way to preserve peace is to be always in
the best state of preparation for war. It
would seem to follow from this, that, if any difference
is to be made touching the peculiar recognition of the
merits of the soldier, between his service in peace and
his service in war, expediency would indicate the
desirableness of stimulating him by honourable re-
wards during the former rather than the latter period.
The better your description of men, the higher your
state of discipline—both of which would be best
secured by attending to the legitimate impulses of the
human mind—the less will the enemy be likely to
come to the encounter; but come the encounter
when it might, the British soldier, grateful for the
considerate manner in which he had been endeared to
his chivalrous calling, would then be seen in his
towering strength, and, with " the memory of the
heart," grappling with his foes to the perfect vindi-
cation of the cause for which his SOVEREIGN had
summoned him to the field.

We offered a few remarks on Monday last relative
to the inspiriting intelligence which was brought by
the Indian mail, concerning promotion from the ranks
in the army. We would not then detract from the
feelings of delight that Howe I from the concession of
so important a principle--one so entirely in conso-
nance with the best dictates of our nature—by taking
any exception to the limits prescribed by the docu-
ment of the East India Directors, of 22d April la:it,
and within which the elevation of the non-commis-
sinned officer to the rank of ensign must be confined.
In justice, however, to the gravity of the question,
and to all who have enlisted themselves to become
the appointed defenders of our country, we now re-
vert to the subject, to suggest that, although the
soldier has received by the late proceedings in India
(where six sergeant-majors were raised to the dignity
of officers) a considerable instalment of what is justly
his due, it still falls far short of what he is entitled to
expect, as well from what sound policy would dictate
as from a proper regard to his natural rights.
It is remarkable how continued injustice is frequently
perpetrated from the timorous nature of the minds of
the greater portion of public men .Where even a principle
is clear, and common sense and good feeling alike re-
commend it, yet if its adoption involve a deviation
from the old beaten track of their government, men,
charged with authority seem instinctively to dread
the responsibility of doing even a good action, mani-
festly commendable though it be in whatever light it
may be viewed. Thus the East India Company have
sanctioned the principle that every private in their
service may henceforth look to gain the epaulettes
but only when he shall hare eminently distinguished
himself in action with the enemy. This is a narr,,w
minded regulation. In point of policy, it is miserable.
In periods of peace, a mere ignis fatuus. Uni.ess the
hope of promotion to the superior dign;',ies of his
gallant profession be extended to the BrAdier in the
subordinate ranks, when we are blessed with peace as
well as when we are engaged in, the conflict of arms,
his aspirations on entering 'the service necessarily
become limited indeed. Bresides, the point at which
the authorities of Leadenhall-street consider the
brightest hopes of their soldiers should be checked, is
quite at variance with the spirit in which
the continental armies are administered. Through-
out their military manuals there shines a steady, evEn,
light, which animates the raw but deserving, recruit,
at every step of his career, till he reaches the pinnacle
of distinction. The stinted manner in which the
East India Directors have feebly attempted to follow
in the ennobling wake of rival military powers,
savours of tantalising cruelty. They merely brandish
a dazzling light before the eyes of their patriotic de-
fenders, and immediately reduce it to a focus which
involves in desolating obscurity every honourable
emotion of the mind. Nothing shows more distinctly
the unfairness and short. sighted impolicy of the con..
dition the directors have attached to promotion freem
the ranks than their own document, already allud.ed
to. It is there stated, that, inasmuch as the ages of
the sergeant-majors, whom they had appointed quips

It is to education generally throughout the army,
upon a well-organised system that we must chiefly
look for the reformation needed in the British
service. In Prussia the officers receive extra pay
who undertake to instruct and generally to educate
their subordinates; and whenerer their pupils pass
certain examinations in subjects which not only fit
them for their profession, but also for becoming in-
telligent citizens of the world, they receive their
coveted commissions. We are aware that our officers
would not, and, indeed, for the most part are not
competent to undertake a similar duty ; but, by the
appointment of learned and liberally paid men to
superintend the education of the soldier, and to have
it followed up by the like results by which
the Prussian candidate is inspired, would
speedily create a moral revolution. The young
gentlemen would receive a gentle hint upon
quitting their military schools that they cannot with
impunity suffer their minds to remain idle, if they
wish to enjoy a proper influence in their regiments.
How great is the amount of leisure at the command
of officers when abroad in different parts of the
world, and how extended are the fields which lay
open to them for observation and research, by which
so much of useful knowledge might be culled and
disseminated for the improvement of mankind, and
yet how lamentably deficient are we in any valued
works of literature from military men ! What opportu-
nities neglected, what a discreditable lack of intellect
and energy ! Such works as NArnit's " Peninsular
War," which almost stands alone for the excellence
of its matter and masterly style, only come to us " like
angels' visits, few and far between." Yet, how many
more like these might have adorned our shelves, had
education been generously diffused throughout the
British army. Let us but sow the seed, and we shall
soon welcome the fruit.

We yesterday urged in the strongest manner the
propriety, the necessity, of some immediate steps
being taken by the Executive for the purpose of
directing the vast quantity of unemployed labour in
Ireland, that at present consumes and diminishes the
national wealth, which it might greatly increase if
judiciously directed into profitable channels; and
we urged the reclamation and cultivation of
the waste lands in that country, as one
of, if not the very best and most beneficial
modes of its application. In that opinion
we are not singular. It has long been regarded as a
matter of surprise and astonishment that greater ex-
ertions have not been made, that a larger amount of
capital has not been devoted to an object
which would not merely return a most ample
and remunerating dividend for the capital
employed, but also be productive of the
greatest public benefit and advantage. In the
report of Lord DEVON'S Commission it is stated that
" without going the length of supposing that
employment for the people upon bringing such
lands into a profitable cultivation is to furnish a cure
for the evils of Ireland, we concur in the opinion
so strongly expressed in former reports, that very
great advantages may be expected from judicious ar-
rangements for that purpose." And it is afterwards
suggested " that it may be worthy of serious consi-
deration, whether the State might not very usefully
make for these purpoSes, at a moderate rate of interest,
some advance, regulated by the amount which com-
panies or individuals might advance in aid of such
operations." That, " the funds required would not
be very large in any one year, and yet a great public
benefit would be attained in increase of employment
for labour; in the progressive extension of productive
land; and in the opportunity thereby afforded for
the location of industrious families who may
have been, from unavoidable circumstances,
compelled to quit their former holdings ;" and again
they add, " We are desirous of stating our opinion,
that under proper arrangements the reclamation of
waste lands, whilst it gives useful and permanent
employment to the labouring population, will at the
same time produce a fair return for the capital em-
ployed upon it." In addition to this testimony
which is very valuable, in consequence of the
weight which must necessarily be attached
to any opinion deliberately put forward by persons of
such high character, so competent to arrive at a sound
conclusion as the Commissioners, we have the
published and recorded statements of a gentleman of
great intelligence and philanthropy, Mr. POULETT
SCROPE, who, in the month of April last,
republished observations made by him on the same
subject in the year 1834, with a postscript,
bringing them down to the present year, and
which we venture to say contains the soundest
reasoning, the most unanswerable arguments for the
adoption of such a course. But this was not all—
he brought forward in his place in the Legislative
Councils a measure, prepared by himself, for the pur-
pose of carrying his object into execution. This
measure, unfortunately, failed during the last
session. It could hardly be expected that a
private Member, unconnected with the Go-
vernment, should conduct through its various
stages and bring to a successful conclusion
enactments of so important a character. He, how-
ever, obtained a discussion, and published to the na•
tion a proposition which might be attended with the
most beneficial results.

If such steps then were deemed desirable at periods
when there was every promise and hope of an
abundant harvest and a sufficiency of the usual
and ordinary food for the Irish people, as in
other years, how greatly is that advantage enhanced,
that benefit multiplied, if they should be adopted at
a, season when gaunt famine and destitution of the
most fearful character impend over the nation ; when
employment of some kind, whether useful or other-
wise, must be provided in order to enable the labour-
ing classes to purchase a bare sufficiency of ne-
cessary food ; when the return for the outlay
will be in the shape of an increase in
the inadequate supply of food, the creation,
if we may so terms it, of many thousands of acres of
land, affording a home and permanent occupation to
many of our hardy yeomen, who would otherwise per-
chance have to bid an eternal farewell to their native
land, and to seek in another and distant country that
shelter, that home, which is not accorded to them in
their own. Every consideration demands that
no time should r be lost in commencing
operations, " dimidium facti qui :cepit habet."
If once energetic steps are taken they will be per-
severed in until every reclaimable acre in our sister
island is brought into cultivation. Difficulties may at
this moment be interposed in the way of improving
the greater portion of these lands, occasioned by the
limited nature of the estate, or the weight of
the 'encumbrances affecting the owner, but
there are few counties in Ireland where a
sufficiency of lands might not be procured
for present occupation, which are not affected
by such impediments, and even were that not the
case, there is little doubt but that a remedy would be
applied in the commencement of the next session, and
that every just and reasonable protection would be
afforded both to the proprietor and the reclaimer.
We believe that it has been calculated that an expen-
diture of about 3 01, per acre on au average, including

THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 18, 1846

the purchase- money, would make that valuable and pro-
ductive land which at present is barren, and all but
valueless ; three-fourths of that amount would be ex-
pended on labour alone ; and if, in place of being
purchased, the amount which should be paid to the
proprietor were exchanged for a fee-farm rent in per-
petuity, the whole of the money to be advanced from
the coffers of the State would be applied in the most
advantageous manner for the relief of the existing
distress, and the repayment would not be delayed for
a term of ten years, as contemplated with respect
to the present advance. If the lands so reclaimed
were brought into the market for sale, in small lots,
there would be numerous bidders ready to compete
therefor, and to more than repay the entire advance, or to
givea large interest therefor, in the shspe of rent. In
such aca e the benefit would not merely be in the
employment afforded, the profits derived, but there
would be the additional one, the creation
of a class of yeomanry or small land-
owners, a body of all others perhaps the
most valuable for the nation, the land being their
own, the benefit of every improvement thereon being
secured to themselves or their children. Every in-
ducement will be held out to patient and persevering
industry, all the capabilities of the land will be fully
developed and brought forth. You will besides have
a numerous and efficient class having stakes in the
country, and deeply interested in the maintenance of
peace and tran quillity, and the suppression of riot
and disturbance ; the chief exciting cause will be re-
moved of those outrages which have unhappily too
often affixed a stain upon Ireland. It is now pretty
generally admitted that these crimes are of an
agrarian character, and unconnected with politica
feeling ; they have their origin in the competition for
land, in the illegal societies that have arisen for the
purpose of protecting the tenant against the rapacity
the undue exercise of power by his landlord. When'
there is a place of refuge on which the ejected cottier
can find employment and a home, there will no longer
be the same motive for combination, and for over-
awing the landlord from dealing with his property in
the manner he thinks most advisable. Surely a
course which promises such results is at least worthy
of a trial, and the sooner such a trial takes place the
better.

From a letter published in the Cologne Gazette, it
appears that the Grand Duke MICHAEL, of Russia,
who is at present in Vienna, will remain there some
time longer, as a project is on foot for a marriage
between the GRAND Duxes daughter and the Arch-
duke STEPHEN, of Austria, the head of the
Government of Bohemia. The Emperor of RUSSIA
is, it is said, exceedingly anxious that this union
should take place without delay.
The Hamburgh Correspondent contradicts the re-
port which was published some days since in the
Weser Gazette, and which stated the Emperor of
RUSSIA had written to the King of DENMARK, re-
nouncing his eventual rights to the succession of the
Duchies of Schleswig and Holstein.

The Grand Duke of BADEN has sanctioned the law
passed by the States for the separation of the judi-
ciary from the other powers of the State, the ap-
pointment of judges durn bene se gesserint, and the
delivery of oral testimony and publicity of trial.
The law comes into operation on the Ist of January
next. The police still possess the power of punish-
ing various minor offences summarily, but the States
have petitioned the Grand Duke to deprive them of
this power in many cases. _ _

The High Church party in the Second Chamber of
the States of Baden, sustained a severe check on the
10th instant. M. Buss, a Deputy, made a motion,
the object of which was to render the Catholic
Church completely independent of the State, and
thus tending in the end to ensure the supremacy of
the Jesuits. The motion, after being opposed with
great talent and energy by M. W ELCLER, and other
of his polical friends, was rejected by a great ma-
jority.
The principles of free-trade are making some pro-
gress in Prussia. At a recent dinner of the Com-
mittee of Industry, at Berlin, the President proposed
as one of the toasts, " Free-trade—trade emancipated
from all restrictions."

Madrid papers to the 11th have been received.
The Carlists in Catalonia are up and doing. They
have proclaimed CHARLES VI. in several places, and
at Solsona the celebrated TRISTANY is in arms, at
the head of 300 men. Such is the intelligence which
appears in the Espanol, intelligence which is confirmed
by the telegraphic dispatch received this morning
(which we publish in another part of our paper), an-
nouncing the escape of Don CARLOS from France.
These are the first fruits of the MONTPENSIER mar-
riage, which avowedly was intended to secure to the
ORLEANS dynasty undisputed possession of the
thrones of France and Spain. The Progressistas are
quite as outrageous against the marriage as the
Carlists. The Liberals of. Lugo have transmitted to
Madrid a protest against it, couched in language so
strong that the Clamor Publico fears to publish it.
A protest from the Progressistas of Murcia, couched
in less violent language, appears in its columns. The
provincial papers of Cadiz, Seville, and Barcelona,
have all declared against the MONTPENSIER marriage.
The Eco has an article on the subject, several parts
of which are left in blank, having been suppressed
by the Political Chief, who had seized the number.
In the portion of this article which the Spanish Go-
vernment has suffered to appear, the Eco states that
the second note of Mr. BULWER to M. ISTURITZ
amounts almost to a veto by England against the
marriage, and Warns the Spanish Cabinet against
persevering in a project which, it says, is likely if
remised to lead to a serious misunderstanding be-
tween France and England, and the forfeiture by
Spain of the friendship of a kind and generous ally,
in exchange for an alliance with France, by the mar-
riage of the INFANTA with a Prince who is rejected
by the whole of the Spanish nation.
It is reported by the Afrancesado party that "
BULWER is still without instructions from his Govern-
ment, and it is generally thought that England will
not counteract the views of France and Spain. In the
meantime, Mr. BULWER has sent in a third note to
the President of the Council, containing observations
of a general nature, suggested by his own personal
inspiration. This note will be the last addressed to
M. IsTunrrz, for Mr.BULWER concludesby declaring
that it was not his intention to make any further
communication on the subject to the Spanish Cabinet
unless the instructions he received from his Govern-
ment imposed upon him that duty."
The Heraldo announces that both marriages will
probably be celebrated on the 10th of October.
A royal ordonnance appears in the Gazette, autho-
rising the organization of a new army of reserve, to
consist of sixteen regiments. The corps of Veterans
is to be disbanded.

hurt at this note, which has disturbed the triumph of the
grand policy in Spain. Nevertheless, he quickly reco-
vered from his alarm. It was not known what present
could be offered to England as an equivalent for the
marriage of the Duke de Montpensier. Diego-Suarez
will be quietly surrendered, together with the rights of
the sovereignty of France over Madagascar. We shall
engage, moreover, not to pursue Abd-el-Kader into
Morocco. But can we pay too dearly for the good feel-
ing of England and the honour of counting an Infanta
amongst the daughters-in-law of the King of the
French ?"

The France thus comments on the cruel neglect
with which the French prisoners in the power of
ABD-EL-KADER have been treated by the Govern-
ment

" We have published the letter in which Commandant
Courby de Cognord, a prisoner of Abd-el-Fader, points
out the misery of his long captivity. Detained for
eleven months under the tents of the Emir, piteously
dragged about with his companions in wisfortune in
the suite of the Deira, M. Courby de Cognord in vain
demands of the Government of his country that it
will deign to put an end to their cruel situation.
We could have comprehended the conduct of the
Minister of War in leaving our unfortunate countrymen
in the power of the Emir, if their deliverance would
have imposed on us sacrifices incompatible with the
dignity and honour of the country. But what we can-
not admit is, that their release should be still delayed,
when the only thing required to effect it is the simple
exchange of some insignificant prisoners. Abd el-Bader
only demands the release of some Arabs, and at that
price he will restore to us M. Courby de Cognord
and his unfortunate companions. It is in truth i eces-
sary to call to mind all the negligence with which af-
fairs have been conducted in Africa for some years—
all the indolence of the military dictatorship which rules
that country—in order to account for conduct so careless
and so inhuman. But what does this concern the
Minister of War? He confides Algeria to Marshal
Bugeaud, who in return confides in no one, apd
thinks he has done enough when he has puffed up
his overweening vanity by some new and fruitless
expedition. This state of things becomes intolerable.
It is already too long since Marshal Bugeaud has
treated the colony in the true style of Louis XIV., and
has said to himself • L'Afrique, c'est It is in fact
time that this conquest should become French ground,
that the mother country should have its eyes on it, and
make its beneficent influence more felt there. After the
reign of the unintelligent sabre, the reign of humanity
should, it appears to us, commence in Africa, and we
think that our power would lose nothing by it."
The French squadron, commanded by the Prince
;2B JOINVILLE, sailed from Naples for the Gulf of
Spezzia on the 10th inst.
The .31 oniteur publishes a royal ordinance of the
11th inst., promoting the Duke DE MONTPENSIER to
the rank of Major-General.

The Three per Cents. closed on the Paris Bourse on
Wednesday at 84f, 15c. ; the Five per Cents., 118 f.
85c.; the Orleans Railroad Shares, 1,288 f. 75c.; Rouen,
972 f. 50c. ; Havre, 730 f. ; Great Northern, 736 f. 25c. ; Avig-
non, 951 f. 25c. ; Vierzon, 6381. 75c.; Bordeaux, 577 f. 50c. ;
Boulogne, 4871. 50c.; Troyes and Montereau, 3621. 50c.;
Basle 236 f. 25c. ; Dieppe, 385 f. ; I'aris and Strasburg,
505 f. ; Tours and Nantes, 515 f. ; Paris and Lyons, 535 f. ;
Lyons and Avignon, 495 f. ; Bordeaux and Cette,
487 f. 50c.; Spanish Three per Cents., 39f. ; Ditto Domestic
Debt, 351.

BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, SEPTEMBER 17.

Boulogne and Amiens, 11%—liallan and Austrian, I%—lgorthern
of France Constituted, 141,E—Orleans and Vierzon, 15—Paris and
Lyons Constituted, 6 ex int.—Rouen and Havre, 28%.

EXPRESS FROM PARIS.

ESCAPE OF DON CARLOS FROM
FRANCE.
We have received a telegraphic dispatch from Paris,
announcing the escape of Don Carlos.—Times.

MenntD,BoEse, SEPT. 11.—The Three per Cents.
were done at 361 for cash ; the Four per Cents. at 221 ;
the Five per Cents. at 23; the Passives at 64; and the
Coupons at 213.

We have received the Paris papers of Wednesday.

DONCASTE R RACES.

THURSDAY.

The North of England Produce Stakes of 50 sovs. each,
h ft ; for three yrs old colts, Bst 71b ; fillies, Bst 41b ;
31b and slb allowed, &c ; the winner of the Derby
or Oaks, slb ; of the St. Leger, 71b extra. St. Leger
Course. (5 Subs.)
Mr. T. R. Price's Kismet, by Touchstone, 131 b,
walked over.
The Innkeepers' Plate of 15 sovs. each, 10 ft, for horses
of all ages, (two yrs old excepted), with 100 added ;
second to save his stake. If 20 subs, the second to
receive 50 sovs. Red House in.
Mr. Meiklam's Philip
Mr. T. Walter's Ratcliffe 2
Lord Chesterfield's Cockfighter 3
Fourteen ran. Won by a length.
Municipal Stakes of 200 sovs. each, h ft, for two years
old colts, Bst 71b ; fillies, Bst 41b. Red House in.
9 Subs.
Col. Anson's Bingham (F. Butler) 1
Mr. Mostyn's Crozier
Lard Glasgow's Discontent, by Retriever, out of
Emilia
Mr. W. H. Brook's The Field
Won by a neck.
The Scarborough Stakes of 30 sovs. each, 26 ft, for
three years old colts, Bst 71b ; fillies, Bst 41b. The
winner of the St. Leger 71b extra. One mile. 11
Subs.
Mr. O'Brien's Traverser
Mr. Stephenson's Sheraton ... 2
Mr. A. W. Hill's Burlesque 3
Won by a length.
The Great Yorkshire Handicap of 25 sovs. each, 15 ft,
and 5 only if declared, with 200 added by the Corpo-
ration. The owner of the second to receive 100 sovs.
out of the stakes, and the third to save his stake. The
winner to pay 30 sovs. towards the expenses. The
winner of the Leamington Stakes or Ebor Handicap
to carry 91b extra, or of any handicap amounting to
200 sovs. value, with the winner's stakes from the time
of declaring the weights to the time of starting, both
inclusive, to carry 51b extra ; no horse to carry more
than 91b extra. St. Leger Course. (109 Subs., 68 of
whom declared.)
Mr. Cranston's Cranebrook, 6 yrs, 6st 71b...(Abdale) 1
Mr. Robinson's Morpeth, 3 yrs, 7st 121 b
Lord Chesterfield's f by Elis, out of Morella, 3 yrs,
sst 31b 3
Fourteen ran. Won by a neck.
The Three-Years-old Stakes of 200 sovs. each, h ft; for
colts, Bst 71b; fillies, Bst 21b. Second to save his
stake. St. Leger Course. (12 Subs.)
Colonel Anson's lago (Butler) 1
Mr. O'Brien's Grimston
Mr. Mostyn's Dawdle 3
5t02 on lago. Won by three lengths.

MARKET NEWS.-(THIS DAY.)

CORN EXCHANGE-FRIDAY.

The arrivals of English Wheat for our market during the
present week have been very moderate ; yet the show of
samples of that article to •day was tolerably good. The at-
tendance of buyers being small, the demand was very heavy,
and in some instances• the quotations were not supported.
The sale for foreign Wheat was very dull; yet, as the holders
were firms we can notice no alteration in value. The supply
of Barley -Ives small ; yet the demand was in a sluggish
state, and the inferior parcels were is per quartern lower.
Superfine season. made Malt was in good request at full
prices ; otherwise, the demand was in a sluggish state.
Oats, Beans, and Peas, the supplies of which were small,
moved oil slowly, at late rates.
Of foreign Flour we have received 11,810 barrels.
ARRIVALS.
Barley.
990 qrs.

Wheat.
2,730 qrs.

English ......
Foreign ......

Oats Flour.
1,150 qrs. 2,340 sks.
2,270
4,040

. 2,270 i
Malt, 2,680 qrs.
SIVIXTBFIZI.D.

The Journal des Debats announces that the POPE
on the morning of the Bth 'was to have signed the
dispensation for the marriage of the Queen of SPAIN
with her cousin, and that it might be expected to
arrive at Madrid about the 17th or 18th.

According to the Debats this marriage was to re-
unite all the members of the BOURBON family under
the headship of the ICING of the FRENCH. Disunion,
however, instead of union, seems to be the result
produced, if the following statement in the Courrier
Francais is to be relied on:—
" It appears that, since the announcement of the two
marriages, a certain coolness has taken place between
the King of Naples and the French Government. The
Ministry had made, some months ago, advances and
formal promises to the Count de Trapani, and subse-
quently abandoned him suddenly and without explana-
tton. The Neapolitan Goverment has expressed to our
Ambassador, M. do Montebello, the discontent that it
feels at such conduct."

6,620

The supply of Beasts on sale here was seasonably exten-
sive as to numbers, but deficient in quality. Comparatively
speaking, the beef trade was heavy, and Monday's prices
were with difficulty supported. We had on offer 300 Oxen
and Cows, 1,010 Sheep and Lambs, and 21 Calves from
Holland. With Sheep we were scantily supplied, owing to
which the Mutton trade was active, at fully previous cur-
rencies. In Lambs a fair amount of business was transacted,
at late rates. Prime small Calves moved off readily, other
kinds of Veal slowly, at unaltered quotations. Pigs were in
steady request, and prices were well supported. hiilch Cows
were a slow sale, at from 16'. to 19/. each, including their
small calf.

Per Sibs. to sink the offal.
a. d. a. d. a. d. to s.
inferior Beasts •••. 2 10 3 0 Second quality ditto 4 0 4 2
Second quality ditto. 3 2 3 6 Coarse.woolledditte 4 2 4 4
Prime large Oxen.. 3 8 310 SouthdownWethers 4 6 4 8
Prime Scots .. .. 4 0 4 2 Ditto out of the wool •
Large coarse Calves 310 4 G Large Hogs .. 3
Prime small ditto .. 4 8 410 Small Porkers • • 4
Suckling Calves ..18 0 30 0 Quarter old Pigs l6
Inferior Sheep • • . 3 6 310 Lambs •••••• • • • • 4
SUPPLY AT MARKET.
Beasts. Sheep. Calves. I
1,058 l 6,660 I 383
NEWUATE AND LEADENHALL.
We had a steady demand this morning, at full prices.
• At per stone, by the Carcase.
a. d. to s. d. s. d. to s. d.
deaf. inferior.. ••.. 2 8 210 Mutton, inferior .• 3 6 310
middling •. 3 0 3 2 middling— 4 0 4 2
prime large .• 3 4 3 6 prime .. 4 4 4 6
Prime small .. 3 6 3 8 Pork, large •• • ..... 3 6 4 2
small 4 4 410
........ 310 410
Lamb, 4a 8d to 5s Bd.
BOROUGH HOP MARKET.

8 4 6
8 4 10
0 20 0
8 i 8

Piggy.
450

We find the following in the Siecle :
" A report was lately prevalent that the English had
taken possession of the Bay of Diego-Suarez. We
observed on that occasion that this report, coming from
P‘Tdicherry, was probably only the echo of some news
which had been circulated at Bourbon. We are
now better informed on the subject. The Foreign-
office has signified to our Cabinet that it must evacuate
Mayotte or consent to Diego Suarez becoming a
British settlement. It is only a few days since the
Marquis of Normanby handed to M. Guizot the note in
which this demand is made with much politeness, but
in a most pressing manner. Lord Palmerston de-
mands
i a speedy answer, England not wishing to re-
main n doubt as to the intentions of France re-
specting Madagascar. It is useless to observe that the
directing authority has been much auuoyed, and even

An immense quantity of new Hops has reached us this
week, principally from Kent and Sussex; hence, as the
general quality is very fine, very little difficulty is expe-
rienced on the part of the dealers in making selections. The
demand is in a very inactive state, and prices rule miserably
low. Yearling and old Hops are a mere drug, and nominal
in value. The duty is called 200,0001. New Sussex Pockets,
803 to 90s per cwt; Weald of Kent, 82s to 925; Mid Kent,
96s to 110 s.

PECKHAM FAlR.—This ancient fair is about to be
revived after a discontinuance of nearly 25 years. Large
placards were yesterday extensively circulated through-
out the metropolitan district, announcing that the lair
will be opened on Monday next, at twelve o'clock, and
continue for three days. The scene of festivity will be
situated on the eastern side of the Surrey Canal, near
the bridge, Peckham.

MONEY and COMMERCIAL NEWS.I
CITY, QUARTER TO THREE.
The sales of Cotton at Liverpool yesterday were
10,000 bales at full prices. Speculators took 2,000
American and 5,000 Egyptian. Shares were steady.
The informati,n of the escape (a wrong term by the
by) of Don Carlos, has had but little influence on the
Consol market. It has depressed Spanish. Consols for
Aecount are at 964. For Money the price has receded
to 95g. The premium upon Exchequer-bills is at 10s.
to 13s.
Spanish Five per Cents. have receded to 27, the Three
per Cents. to 581, Brazilian to 884, Mexican to 254, and
the Portuguese Four per Cents. for the Account to 434.
The Share mai ket is very steady to-day. The London
and North. Westerns are in good demand.
BRITISH FUNDS THIS DAY Al' UNE C'CLOOK.
(From the Official List.)
3 per Cent. Consols Anna 95% 96 95N
South Sea Stock
Ditto New Annuities
Bank Stock for Account. 210%
Consols for Account
Exchequer Bills. 13/4d. 11,6 d.
1,0001.
5001. .... — ... 10 13 pm.
Ditto Small — ... 14 10 pm.
PRICE OF FOREIGN FUNDS AT ONE O'CLOCK.
Brazilian Bonds, 5 per Cent B9
Ditto for the Account . BB%
Chilian Bonds, 6 per Cent
Do. Deferred
Mexican Bonds, 1846, 5 per Cent —
Ditto for the Account
Portuguese 4 per Cents
Ditto for the Account 43%
Spanish Bonds, 5 per Cent, 1840 —
Ditto for the Account 27%%1A 27
Ditto Passive Bonds 6
Ditto 3 per Cent
Ditto for the Account
Dividends on the above payable in London.
Dutch 2% per Cents
Ditto 4 per Cent. Certificates
BUSINESS DONE IN RAILWAY SHARES AT ONE O'CLOCK.
RAILWAYS. PAID. Paz &wiz.
Aberdeen

Amber., Notting., Boston, &c. 2% l% to 2
Armagh, Coleraine, &Portrush 1% — to
Aylesbury and Thame
Belfast and County Down .. 21r2 .. ..
Bideford and Tavistcck ...... 1% — to
Bit mingliarn and Gloucester..loo ......130
Do. New (iss. at 7.1/ dis.) . 171/2 —
Birmingham & Oxford June... 2
Birkenhead, Lancashire, and
Cheshire Junction.. ...... ... 23,4 — ..... to
Boston, Stamf , & Birming... 225.
Bristol and Exeter
Do., New
Bristol and Gloucester
Bristol and Liverpool June... 2% — to
Buckinghamshire 42s.
Caledonian
Ditto, Half Shares
Ditto, Extension
Cmbrian and Grand Junct.. 425.

Cambridge and Oxford ...... 1% 1%%... to
Central Kent 2%......
Chester and Holyhead '27l ..... 241 A ...... to
Churnet and Blythe
Chester and Manchester 425.
Cheltenham and Oxford
Clydesdale Junction l5 ......
Cork, Blackrock, & Passages 225.
_ __...

Cork and Killarney 2%......
Cork and Waterford IIA2 —
Cornwall
Ditto, Half Shares
_

Cornwall and Central Devon 2% ...... to
Derby and Crewe 2% to
Direct Lincoln, East Retford,
and Sheffield Junction 2% to
Direct Manchester (Rem.)... 23/4 .....
Ditto( Rastrick's) 5% ... .
Direct Northern
Direct Norfvich 1
Dublin and Belfast Junction.. 10
Dublin, Belfast, & Coleraine 21/2 — ...... to
Dublin and Galway ...... ...... 4
Dundalk and Enniskillen ... 7IA — to
Eastern Counties 141. 16s 22% to 22
Do. New ..
Do. Perpet., 5 per ct. No. 1,6/. 13s. 4d —
Do., do N 0.2,6/. 13s. 4d...
Do., York Extension los. ..... 2% to
East Dereham and Norwich 1
Eastern Union 35

Ditto, Quarter Shares
Do. Extension to Harwich 1% — ...... to
Do. Cambridge and Ely ... 21/2 — to
East Lancashire
East Lincolnshire ... 11/4 to
East and West of England... 19 — ...... to
Edinburgh and Glasgow 5O — to
Ditto, Half Shares
Ditto, Quarter Shares l2l/2 — . to
Do. New Quarter Shares... 121/2 —
Edinburgh and Northern ... 10
_ ...

...... to—

Do. and Great Grimsby ... 10
Do. do. do. Extension... 425. -
Shrewsbury and ilirmingharn 21/2 —
Shropshire Union . 425...... Al 4 4 dis to
---
ShrewEiy.ny, Wolvorhampton, ...... to --•
and S. Stafturdsh. Junction 2% — •••••• to --
Sligo and Shannon -
South Devon ....... ........ . 35s
...... to .--
South Midland 425....... ...... to
South and Midlands Junction 425.
S 'h ' tire - ,hi' J-- - 2 .... to --•

..louth Staffordshire Junction •:% — ...... -
South Eastern and Dover ... 331/8 - .....• to "
Ditto, New, No. 1 . 2O
...... to -"'
Ditto, New, N 0.2 l2
Ditto, New, No. 3 l5
Ditto New, No. 4. 2%
St. Alban's, Hatfield, and
Hertford Junction
to
Staines ........;
Staines and Richmond 1 -
Staffordshire and Shropshire 2% _ ...... to --'
South Wales -
Swans: and Loughor and Ca-
meron's &tn. Coal ...... ... .. 2 -
Taw Vale Extension
Tring, Reading,& Basingstoke 54 —..... to
.
Vale of Neath
Wakefield, Pontefract, and
Goole
Warwickshire and London... 422251/!...... -- ............ to .:-..
Warwick and Worcester 425....... ...... to --
Waterford and Kilkenny
8 Waterford and Limerick 221/2:: ——... .. o
....... to --
Waterford,Wexford,Wicklw,
and Dublin
..„ . to
Wexford, Waterford, and
Valentia
...... to --
Waveney Valley
-- ..... . to
Welsh Midland 2% -
West Riding Union 425....... 21A% pto
West Cornwall
West London, Old Shares ... 20
•••••• to ---
Wexford and Carlow
...... to -...'
Wisbeach and St. Ives ... 2
Wilts,Somerset,&Weymouth 10
° ----..
Worcester, llereford, Ross,
and Gloucester ... .. 42s — ...... to .--
Worcester,Tenbury,& Ludlow '2 -
Worcester,Warwick,& Rugby 425. -
York and Carlisle
...... to ---
York and Newcastle 25 ..... 40%...... to ---
Ditto, New 1
York and North Midland .. 50
...... to o E._
Ditto, Half Shares
Ditto, Scarboro' Branch - ..... .to ---
Ditto, Selby 3O -
Ditto. Extension -
Ditto East and West Riding
Extension ..... 1 ...... to --

FOREIGN RAILWAYS.
Anglo-Belgian 4 ...... ...... to •-•
Barbadoes -
Boulogne and Amiens l4
Bordeaux and and Mediterranean 2
Bordeaux, Toulouse, & Cette
(Mackenzie's)
Bordeaux. Toulouse, & Cette
(Espelete's) -
Calais, Dunk, & W. Flaaders 2 -
Calcutta & Diamond Harbour 7s. -
Callao, Lima, & Pacific Coast 1 -
Central of Spain .. -
Ceylon - ...... to ....-
Demerara. ....- ....
Dendre Valley
Direct Bombay and Madras ss. .... -
............ to
--:
Dutch Rhenish ... ... 6
East Indian ... .
Eastern Belgian Junction.... 21A ...... -
leampoux and Hazebrouk..... 4
.
Great Indian Peninsular ss. ..... . ..........
Great Western Bengal —.
_ttoo ----.
ss. -
Great Western Canada
Italian and Austrian
—• 3/4 %. . .
..
..
.. to
Jamaica S. Midland Junction 1
Jersey
Louvain a la Sambre
Luxembourg -
Lyons and Avignon
Madras • 1 ..... to --*

Madras, Nellore, and Arcot... %
Madrid and Valentia
o
Mauritius 1
...... to
Namur and Liege to ?
Nn. of France Constituted ... 56 ......
14114..7..7. to 1'
North Jamaica 1
Orleans and Vierzon -
.....
Orleans and Bordeaux ... .. 6 ..... . 8%74 ..,. to ---
Over Yssel 413 s 4d..... ...... to -*-
Paris and Lyons Constituted 5
Paris and Orleans... 2O
Paris and Rouen ..
Paris & Strasbg. Constituted 5
Rouen and Havre 2O
..... to ***
•-•
Sambre and Meuse
....... to
Strasburg and Bale ..... ...... 14
St. Laurence and Atlantic....
Tours & Nantes Constituted 5
Tournay, Jurbise, Landen,
"'-
and Hauck
Trinidad.. ...... ..
West Flanders
to
' JOINT STOCK BANKS.
Australasia
...-
......to
......'
British North American
Colonial
. .
•••"
Commercial of London
London Joint Stock ...
London and Westminster... 20 ...... to ••••••
National Provincial of Engld. 35
National of Ireland 22% to
Provincial of Ireland
Union of Australia
Union of London ... 10
MINES.
Real del Monte, Unregistered
..7 .
......
-•-•

LLOYD'S SHIPPING.—(THIS nAf)
LONDON, SEPT. 18.—Wind N.E., light breeze,
DEAL, SEPT. 17.—Wind W. to W.S.W.—Arrd. vo ."-bert'
Rio Grande. Arrd. from the River and sld. Tropic, i'cluir
son, Hobart Town; Herald, Turnbull, Rio Janeiro;
tiana, Hammond, New York. ~ersl4
PonTsmorrrn, SETT. 17.—Wind S.S.E.—Ar •
Coubro, Moulmein.
COWES, SEPT. 17.—Wind S. to S.S.W.—Arrd. Pilot' -
Quebec. de
SOUTHAMPTON, Sam. 17.—Wind S.E.—Sld. (st.),
Symons, West Indies, &c.; Madrid (st.), Lisbon, ac•
PLYMOUTH, SEPT. 16.—S1d. Mary Graham, Ceylun•
Industrie, Altilen, New York for Norway. Que
bee'
BRISTOL, Sr.E 17.—Wind N.—Sld. 14, Dockfour, Arrd.
LIVERPOOL, SEr-r. 17.—Wind variable and lightccrrielsr
Franconia, Gannett, New Orleans; Messenger,,,f_diuutit
Quebec. Sid. Lady Sale, Law, St. Thomas's; bre"'"'yucli
Williams, Calcutta; Mischief, Lewis, Mauritius; ctaita
Douglas, Ritson, Africa; Mary Elizabeth, Thorn, _lOO,
Martha; Uranus, Hoharst, Angostura; Heinrich, Hs,
ditto; West Indian, Chapman, Cuba; Java, relober,
Orleans; Columbia, Rollins, Philadelphia; Europe'
New York; Finland, Brown, ditto. rte
TROON, SEPT. 14.—S1d. Eliza, Brown, St. Job 's,
Brunswick; 16th, Peru, Carey, Demerara.
OFF TUSKAR, SEPT. Is.—New York, New 1 '3ID-Lambton,
:CORK, SEPT. 15.—Wind S.E.—Arrd. Lord.

Stabb, Patagonia. Ica. li of
OFF CAPE CLEAR.—Lancasbire Witch, Jata_t johns° ,
REDCAR, SEPT. 17.—The Robert andllatili,g''e yesterdaYt
Whitby, which was on the rocks off this Pileak,ng up•
drove off with the tide and sunk. and is now un, from Wood-
HULL, SEPT. 17.—The Cousin Mary Br°v:.sand sth inst.,
bridge to Wakefield, which sunk on Redcliff repair; part of
has been weighed and taken up the river for
carigioAistawviecdni,nsaf vrrer.yld7.a—mTagheed
pstoartte.reeke
the night of the 15th instant, and
ford, London to Antwerp, got on shore bay•Pll(.llat°l'y'l°-
0151
as and mater ~
crew, arrived here with part of cargo, stor ,
and dismaste°
the vessel has been since got off, full of water,
Ihi . CalCtittS.
OFF BULT HEAD, SEPT. 15.—Majestic, ..s__sa
u, fit
Ili er, 0°- il
_Ln.ast..G, having.
OFF PENZANCE, SEPT. 15.—Eliza Fran,cesi_k..., 000
War:tb,baoenfLdoLnly)egndn
coma, Gannett, Seas with 1,000 barrels, aid. 21st April; nuTuu,T, _ veil
St. john's, New Brunswick,
under
iraunrY
Orleans for Liverpool.
totoarllFy dnisonirysntEAedDo.o tissiereiThl6u.L.
verbic6
lig
CLTDE„ SEPT 14.—Arrd.
GRilaiiiesnl:oTwo,bagSoco;ttkaiy- .
Antigu_ ,a and Belfast ; Mina,
St. Sebastian.
. 16.—Wind N.W. to S.E.—Arrd. elif t
Loy
nhui,:Mn7oßn,terlsehaElspr.
OFF CAPE CLEAE.—Lady Falkland, Smith, Quebec:4,loP
HELL, SEPT. 17.—Humber, Wind W.—Sld. lior'''--
St. John's, New Brunswick.

THE LATE FORGERY or
RE-EXAMINATCIO° NU T
(T)
FS ' c BAApNTI
.i .
This day
of
_ This day being appointed for the last examint"Wor
Captain William Richardson, late chairman of the, here'
cester, Tenbury, and Ludlow Railway,who, it el" ir-ier
whilsthouse
mr . of
m r C.
Clarkson,oßuut
st sh , the
aaps p
usual,Courteareappeared
membered, stands charged with forgery on the ball'.
two:tire
prosecute. vapor
rtothe:CPesrs'Cl°ller'
At Piot
twelve o'clock the Right Hon. the Lord
~ foil
took his seat; Mr. Alderman Wilson and Mr. A-1"e-
Gibbs were also present. c OS
Mr. William lugleback, one of the clerks t -17 berets
a w,
bank, was first called and examined. lie rettei-, P•l3
on the 25th of August Mr. Longden coming W m",/,--.Cer
had at that time the care of the vouchers. I Saw,
;11 th°
ta Richardson immediately after in a room -floats
banking-house. Ile wanted the vouchers of slec" 14,
, otbe
standing in the name of Ca • • Captain Richardson an", oon
Witness replied that he couldthem un'e- ss
not have owe.
the signature of
all the parties to the account. T: ho'
also
produced to him the printed form. CaPt.!trico Ott
son said that at his own bank, the London and *--1:10eff
Bank, they gave them up without it. Witne.l j,ol'
Captain
thetaßichardso, and he said " I'm Captain Itilcuaoft
son, a party to ccount." Witness replied, '‘ her.
that, but it is a rule of the house to give up no weer to
without the signature of the parties;" and in (gt be
soften the refusal, he told Captain Richardson that
ill
had known a case where proof of forgery had fritoteill
consequence of the 'vouchers being given up. One 01
Richardson was accompanied by two gentlemen, (,)(1 not
whom, Mr. Fry, asked if Captain Richardson con fie
see them. Witness said yes, and brought theni' that
left them, leaving instructions with Mr. Longden 00
they should not be taken away. He subsequently s„pd
Captain Richardson, who pointed to thes,ooo/. draft,
_..,,,s
said it was a forgery. Witness asked if the signature rber
not his ? He said it was. Witness asked if the signature
signatures were correct, and he said he believed U 4
were, but the draft had been altered from loi. to 5,°',,,..
Witness said he did not think the house of Coutts•Of
sponsible. He then went and informed Mr. Colthars'4,
this transaction. He afterwards returned to the prisonc_,
presence:
and put the question as to the signatures, in
Mr. Colthurst, and the prisoner replied that the siFil,lea
lures were genuine. He then stated that he had tl'igor
up three drafts at the same time, one for 201, oed'io
1001., and one for 10/. ; the latter had been chalice 0/1
5,000/. Mr. Colthurst said it was a frightful fret,d' use
afterwards told Mr. Richardson that the bailing 7 r
pp sb°
obniteci
declined having anything to do with it. The
said he had paid away the 101. to a person vvh° Mr.
rendered the railway company some service.c
heque
Fry said that the previous writing on the and
must have been remove.l by
some c!,elnical process,
the other words sub:titir ed. t sub'
Examined by Mr. Clarkson—The draft was
Intoner,
mitted to any chemist, but Mr. Varnbqca, a Stto and
in the Strand, said the writing could be ere°Late.
his opinion was that in this instance it has bean to'