The Sun.
London, England, 1846-04-11 00:00:00

BEVERLEY.

We have been visited in this part of the country by
one of the heaviest floods ever remembered. The rain
began to descend last Friday, and continued almost
without intermission for upwards of eighty hours. The
consequence is, that thousands of acres of land are now
under water, a great number of lambs have been drowned,
and the spring corn, but recently sown, must nearly all
perish. The weather (Wednesday) is still gloomy, and
gives indications of more rain. The high tides are just,
commencing, and the river and drains, already full to
overflowing, will, it is feared, burst through their em-
bankments, and the consequences which must then ensue
none can calculate. occurring at this particular season
of the year, the visitation is most calamitous and will be
very widely felt.—Hull Adverttser.

between Sarrebronck and Sarrelonia. A
CALAMITY.---FORTY-FIVE PERSONS
passengers, of all ages and both sexes,
DISTRESSING
with horses harnessed to them, returning
DROWNED.—A very lamentable occurrence took place last
persons were saved, the rest f:wyunk after having struck violently against
only five
is attributed to the care-
rryman and the breaking of the chain, when
fafwernore
drme
ferry-boat
market,wba at
oo atw Warden,itwhas carriagesfi
perish-
ingtehses
nibneasnts
the Sarre.
astnandreroef
en.
the rapidity of the current hurried away the boat, and the
shrieks of the females alarming the horses, they moved to
one side of the boat, which overbalanced and sunk.
ST. PAUL'S CATHEDRAL.--Workmen have been for
some time engaged in putting up additional doors at the
south entrance to St. Paul's Cathedral. The old doors are
very heavy, and have seldom been opened except on special
occasions. The new doors are light and partly glazed, the
same as those on the opposite side, so that the public can
now be admitted at either entrance.
On Aionday, at Gloucester, the Marquis of Worcester,
as foreman of the grand jury, banded in a true bill against
the Rev. Disney Robinson, for a libel on Jane Barker, a lady
whose name has lately been before the nubile in connexioa
with the name of Earl Fitzhardinge. The trial will, in all
probability, be traversed until the next assizes.—Cheltenham
Chronicle.
notice 1-
THE WEST INDIA MAIL.—A has ueen given
that the Tweed steamer's passage to Madeira having been
protracted, from heavy. weather, for nearly five days beyond
the estimated time, it is expected, in consequence, that the
shipfrom the West Indies, whose departure
dependent
upon the arrival of the Tweed,
until two or three days later
than from
No anxiety need, therefore, be felt in
the event of a delay thus fully accounted for.
A I.4:er from St. Petersburgh states that Professor
wll correspondingnßtohetermur
esuuadcaahl
ids
Southamptona te .
Jacob, of the Imperial Academy, has just communicated to
that bobby the invention of an electrophonic telegraph, com-
posed of ten keys, ten different accords, and ten conducting
mires, by which the letters of the
alphabet and words can
be expressed by means of sounds. The Academy has pro-
nounced a favourable Olio of the invention.

THE MASTER PAPER-STAINERS

AND THE NEW TARIFF.

Thursday, at a late hour, a numerously-attended meet-
ing of operative paper-hangers was held at Jacob's Well
Tavern, Barbican. The men assembled "for the pur-
pose of receiving a deputation of paper-stainers, and
taking into consideration the oppressive measures about
to be adopted by their employers towards the working
men," in consequence of the alleged interference of the
provisions of the tariff with the trade. The chair was
taken by Mr. Sparks, an operative.
After introducing the object for which the meeting
was assembled,

The CHAIRMAN said, that in consequence of the pro-
position of Sir R. Peel that the protective duty on the
importation of foreign paper should be reduced to 2d.,
the working classes took alarm, because it became ru-
moured that the masters intended to lower the wages of
their workmen. The operatives had waited upon Mr.
Duncombe, and then they applied to the Board of Trade.
The result was, that the masters fancied they were going
to be ruined by the proposal of Sir R. Peel, and they
proposed a reduction of prices. The consequence was,
that 223 men, working at nineteen shops, had turned
out, as the proposed rate of prices was reduced full one-
half, and in some instances two-thirds, on the previous
amount of pay allowed.—(Hear.} This would not allow
sufficient for the support of themselves and families.
Mr. BALLARD then moved the first resolution, which
was to the following effect:—" That this meeting consi-
ders the conduct of the master paperstainers unjust and
oppressive, in offering a reduction of wages to their
workmen, on account of the importation of foreign paper-
hanging, before the same has become the law of the
land." He was well aware that the interests both of
masters and men were identical, and he was surprised
that the masters should attempt to force upon the men
such an unjust and oppressive reduction. It was his be-
lief that it was not because the masters were afraid of '
the introduction of French papers, and this fact was cor-
roborated by a master, who was of the first standing in
the trade. He told him (the speaker), that this was not
their object—that there was no necessity for the course
pursued by the masters, but that the majority of the
employers desired to reduce the wages, under the pre-
tence of the proposed reduction in the tariff. He had been
in the trade for forty years, and never during the whole
course of his life had he known such an infringement of
the rights of labour as the reduction now submitted to
them.—(Cheers.) There was no reason in the propo-
sition. In considera'ion of the reduction of the price
paid per score for the manufacture, the masters had
said they could take an unlimited stock. This was
a fallacy on their part, which they employed in order
to delude the men.—(Hear, hear.) He hoped the
working men would open their eyes, and unstop their
cars. He believed there was a possibility of their ob
tainine-6 as much as 6(1. on gold papers, if they were only
united—(Cheers)—and he believed that the present at-
tempt, on the part of the masters, to lower the wages of
the paper-stainers, was only a subterfuge and a snare,
calculated to increase the profits arising from capital, at
the expense of the rights and comforts of the working
classes.—(Cheers.) He cordially moved the resolution.
Mr. THOMPSON, in seconding the motion, said in ex-
planation of the unjust proposition of the masters, that
the following was the proposed and present scale of
wages .
Present—Nine score at 1/. 10s.

Proposed—Nine score at 13s. 6d. if under 50 pieces. If
over 50, the price of painting nine score would be 11 s. 3d.
He considered that at these prices it was not !,ossible for
a man to live ; and from the poisonous ingredients used
in the business, so destructive as they were to human
life, he considered it was not right that the man should
thus be ground down to prices of such a character that
the Union fare was far better than it would be possible'
for them to obtain.

The resolution was passed unanimously, amidst
thunders of applause.
Mr. TAPWORTII proposed the second resolution—
" That this meeting views the reduction of wages pro-
posed by the masters as of so overwhelming a character,
being in some cases two-thirds, and in others one half
of their present prices, that it is utterly impossible to
earn a subsistence. He considered the reduction pro-
posed of the most unparalleled character ;'the decline
in price, in fact, was from 3s. 6d. per piece to Is. 6d. per
piece of goods. The idea of fear, on the part of the
masters, of the importation of French papers for hang-
ing, was a perfect trade absurdity. He maintained that
the English could compete with the foreigner at any
time. Then, if this was the fact, why should they fear
the productions of the home market ? Ile felt con-
fident they were in a right cause ; they had not
struck, they were not the aggressors, they had left their
employment because the proposed prices would not
enable them to earn subsistence for themselves and their
families. He contended that they were entitled to insist
upon a fair remuneration for their labour.—(Hear.)
The motion was seconded in a few words by Mr.
M'Doual, and unanimously carried.
Mr. PARROT then moved the last resolution—" That
this meeting most earnestly submits, that every paper-
stainer resists to the utmost of his ability the present
attempt to reduce the scale of prices, and that all pre-
sent pledge themselves to unite to maintain the present
rate of wages, so that they may continue to hold a re-
spectable place in the scale of society."
This was seconded by Mr. DARRANT in a neat speech,
and unanimously carried.
Thanks being voted to the Chairman, and three cheers
being given for Mr. Duncombe, M.P., and three cheers
for the " Press," the numerous assembly separated.

IRONMASTERS' QUARTER-DAY.
BIRMINGHAM, THURSDAY.—The Birmingham meet-
ing of the iron and coal-masters of South Staffordshire
and Shropshire, held in the Town-hall to-day, passed off
much more satisfactorily than was expected.
For some weeks past, as might be seen from published
reports, the iron trade was understood to be generally
depressed; and there appears to be no doubt that, owing
to causes which I will shortly explain, such has been
the fact. _

It In be recollected that between two and three years
ago the ironmasters of South Staffordshire considered
themselves in point of trade and future prospects so dis-
tressed that they appointed a deputation to Sir Robert
Peel, requesting that the Right Hon. Baronet would be
pleased, in order to afford them relief, to issue any quan-
tity of " paper money." Sir Robert's answer was to the
point. He told them that the grand evil of the system
which had recently been pursued by the iron trade was
" over production." Such threatens to be the conse-
quence of the late extraordinary impetus given to the
trade. Present appearances confirm it.
It would appear that ever since the opening of the pre-
sent session of Parliament, and immediately subsequent
to the late ironmasters' quarterly meeting, a depression
of the trade was first felt. The mania for railways (pro-
jected) was then at its height; sal the natural con-
sequence was,_ ironmasters being as much, or more, in-
fected than the rest of the world, that works were put
on, wages raised, the price of materials augmented, and
throughout the entire district there was, to every appear-
ance, a brilliant prospective prosperity.
For a time the prospect has been dimmed. The first
blow given to the over-speculation in iron was the with-
drawal from Parliament of many of those v‘ ild railway
speculations which had no other effect than to fill the
pockets of attorneys, raise the price of the staple manu-
factures of Staffordshire, and ruin the shareholders. The
present session of Parliament has had the effect of weed-
ing these projects, and, at the same time, of threatening
the reduction of the price of iron.
To-day there was an evident intention on the part of
the ironmasters to keep up the prices of the last quarter;
and, indeed, so far as the determination of the large
houses could succeed in establishing them, they were
successful. Staffordshire bars fetched 101, while Shrop-
shire pigs were certainly not lower, and, as far as I
could learn, as firm as they were in January, There
appeared to be a scarcity of them in the market. Staf-
fordshire pigs fetched from 5/. to 51. 10s.
It must be admitted that the inclination to a decline
of prices, which no ironmaster was prepared to gain-
say, was by many of them accounted fur on different
grounds to those already stated. The first was the
pressure in the money market; and the second was the
immense number of works at present in full employ.
The number was never exceeded in the memory of man;
while at the same time it is said the lime and coal works
are intu;equate to their supply.
The Government measure introduced into the two
Houses by Sir Robert Peel and Lord Dalhousie, has also
had a most vital effect upon the trade. The great
houses think that ultimately it will prove beneficial, but
the small masters, calculating as they have been induced
to do, upon immediate consumption, look upon it as
injurious.
As I have said before in many previous communica-
. .

tions upon this subject, the decisions of quarterly meet-
ings are in all seasons to be looked upon as purely
arbitrary. They may last for the day, lyn 11 n all pro-
bability before the week is over some nee 4 man may
require cash, and the settled prices of lb arsday are
completely thrown overboard. It is indeed a fact, that
during the last quarter many houses of comparative
respectability have sold iron at 10s. per ton under the
price fixed at the meeting in January.
It should be mentioned, however, that one house in
Birmingham to-day has purchased the whole of the iron
it will require for the next quarter at the prices fixed to•
day ; and that another still more eminent house—one
of the largest manufacturing establishments in the
kingdom—has during the last few weeks been an exten-
sive buyer.
The greatest cloud which has overhung this day's
market is the defalcation of a large iron house in
London.

THE REPEAL RENT.—WiII it be credited that from
the Ist of January, 1840 to the 23d of February, 1846—that
is, within a period of two years and six months—there have
been acknowledged subscriptions paid to the Repeal ex-
chequer, amounting to the enormous sum of one hundred
and twenty-seven thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine
pounds eleven shillings and sixpence.
INDIA IlousE.—Thursday a Court of Directors was
held at the East India-house, when the new directors elected
on Wednesday last—viz., Mr. John Cotton, Mr. John Loch,
Mr. Charles Mills, Mr. William Henry Chicheley Plowden,
Mr. henry Shank, and Mr. Henry St. George Tucker, took
the oath and their seats. Mr. James Weir Hogg, M.P., was
chosen Chairman, and Mr. Henry St. George Tucker Deputy-
Chairman, for the year ensuing.
Thursday the Quarter Sessions of the Peace for the
borough of Southwark was held at the Town-ball, High-
street, before the Lord Mayor, the Recorder, the High
Bailiff, and Aldermen Lucas, Sir C. Marshall, and Gibbs.
The Grand Jury having been sworn the Recorder said there
were no bills in his office to go before them. These sessions,
he said, were obliged to be helel as a matter of contingency.
but there was rarely anything for them to do, as the business
formerly done at those sessions was now transferred to the
Central Criminal Court.—Tbe Court then adjourned,
A clandestine gaming-house in the Rue des Moulins,
at the Batignollea, was entered by the police on Sunday night,
whilst a considerable number of persons were at play. The
two persona keeping the table were apprehended. The fur-
niture was seized, and all the visitors were compelled to give
their names and addresses.—.Galignest4.

RECEIPTS for USING the FLOUR of

INDIAN CORN or MAIZE.
To make griddle cakes—Best way to make them is to
use milk altogether instead of water—two eggs, yellow
and white, to the allowed for a pint of corn meal—the
milk to be a little warmed, and the whole to be well beat
up with a spoon or ladle. There must be milk enough
used to make the whole so liquid as that it will pour out
the saucepan on the griddle, one spoonful of wheat flour,
and lard (pure butter still better) the size of a walnut.
Tl.e griddle—Much nicety is to be observed in the pre-
paration of the griddle, which, as must be well known, is
a flat round iron concern standing on three legs, and of
any size ; it must be made not very hot, because then it
would burn the cakes, and it must be well greased whils
warm, that it may be perfectly smooth, so that the cakes
may be easily turned, that they may be done brown (not
burnt) on both sides, to promote their turning easily is
the object of adding the wheaten flour. Be it remem-
bered that the dough, or rather the batter, above di-
rected, must be well beat up and prepared directlyi before
being cooked, though it might set an hour, this is men-
tioned to prevent it being supposed that t, like some
other bread, would bear to be mixed overnight. The
cakes are usually poured on until they spread on the
griddle to the size of thebottom of a breakfast plate. You
think this receipt rather prolix, but it is my way in all
such cases to be very exact. Better be too particular
than to omit any essential item.—J.S.S. Egg Pone:—
Three eggs to a quart of meal (no wheat flour) to be
made also with milk—water would make it heavy—a
spoonful of butter, all well beat together and made up of
a con sistence thicker than the cakes—too thick to pour out
butjust thick enough to be taken up with a spoon—maybe
baked like the cakes, immediately after being mixed—must
be baked in a tin pan, which must be placed in a Dutch
oven, not too hot at first, but the fire under it to be in-
creased. The object is to have it begin to bake at the
bottom, when it will rise in the process of baking, be-
come brown at the top, and when put on the table and
cut, resemble what we call pound cake. If your friend
will exactly follow those directions, and then eat his
cakes, or his egg pone, hot, with iood fresh butter, he
will find that Indian corn bread is fit for other persons
as well as pigs to eat, the assertion of a corn-law Mem-
ber of Parliament to the contrary notwithstanding.
Divers other preparations of corn and corn-meal might.
be given. For instance, " hominy and cheese cakes"
which a certain George Washington had cooked for his
own eating till the day of his death. P.S. Salt of course,
added as usual, in both cases.—J. S. S.—lndian Meal
Breakfast Cakes : Pour boiling water into a quart of
corn-meal, stir it until it is wet ; then add two well-
beaten eggs, and milk enough to make it a thick bat-
ter ; measure a small tea- spoonful of dry salteratus,
into
the dissolve it into some warm water, and put it
the butter, with a small quantity of salt; butter square
tin pans, fill them two-thirds full, and bake in a quick
oven ; when done, cut it in squares and serve hot.—ln-
dian Muffins : Pour boiling water into a quart of corn
meal, stir it well ; let it be a thick batter ; when it is
cooled a little, add to it a table-spoonful of yeast, two
eggs well beaten, and a tea spoonful of salt ; set it in a
warm place to rise for two hours ; then butter square
tin pans, two-thirds fill them, and bake in a quick oven ;
when done serve hot, or cut in squares, or bake as wheat
muffins.—Corn Bread : One quart of milk, one pound of
Indian meal, two eggs, small lumps of butter, a little
salteratus ; bake in a flat pan.—Artificial oysters : One
pint grated green corn, one egg, one table spoonful of
wheaten flour, one spoonful butter ; fry them brown.
—Baked Indian Pudding : One quart of milk boiled,
stir in seven spoons of meal while it is boiling hot,
mixit quite thin ; when it is moderately warm
add molasses, a little ginger and salt, four eggs, a lump
of butter the size of an egg.—Corn Pudding: Take four
ears of green corn, boil them until half done, cut off the
corn as fine as convenient, mix it with two spoonsful of
wheat flour, one pint sweet milk, salt and pepper to
season ; bake it well.—Green Corn Cake: Mix one
pint grated corn with three table spoonsful milk, one
tea-cup wheat flour, half a cup of melted butter, one
egg, one spoonful salt, half a spoonful pepper ; drop
this mixture into hot butter by the spoonful, let them
fry eight or ten minutes.—Boiled Indian Pudding:
One tea-cup of molasses, a piece of suet the size of
two eggs chopped fine, eight spoonsful of meal, scald
the meal with boiling water or milk, mix it quite thin,
when it is nearly cold add four eggs well beaten. It
requires three hours' boiling in a strong cloth.—In-
dian Gruel: To one quart of boiling water, stir in two
table spoonsful of Indian meal, mixed with a little cold
water, boil fifteen or twenty minutes—a little salt. Johnny
Cake is prepared from the corn meal scalded, and the
dough rolled or pressed out to half an inch in thickness,
is cooked one side at a time in front of the fire after
being put on a board, sheet of tin, a plate, or any ma-
terial of suitable shape. Ash cake is prepared from the
corn dough made as above, and is cooked as follows:
Make a bed by scraping away the ashes on all sides,
roll the dough, after being made into form, between two
cabbage leaves, place it in the bed and cover it with
the previously removed ashes and embers : a little
practice will determine the length of time requisite
for cooking. The process resembles that of roasting
potatoes. Common pones are prepared from the corn
dough made into oblong pieces about three inches
thick, and baked in a covered bake-kettle with fire
above and below. Corn dodgers are made of the
corn dough, in balls about the size of an egg, and are
boiled in the pot as an adjunct to " bacon and
greens." Shovey is made from the dough cut in slices,
and fried with a piece of fat bacon. Stappeys are pre- ,
pared from the corn meal scalded, and after being made
into a thin batter with eggs and milk, are baked on a
griddle. Corn Cup Cake :—Take two cups of corn
meal, and one of wheat flour, or in that proportion ;
make them into a thin batter with milk and eggs, and
cook them on a griddle. Washington's breakfast bread,
if prepared with the corn dough make up with eggs,
milk, and a little sugar, to be baked in a tin pan as an
ordinary pan loaf. Hoe cake is prepared by corn meal
with boiling water; is made into a cake, and cooked in
front of' the fire, on a board or plate. It was originally
put on a hoe, whence its name. This resembles
the Johnny cake. Indian Mush :—This is made in
different ways ; but the easiest mode is that which
resembles the making of starch or arrow root. Thus—
put fire pints of water over the fire into a pot or skillet,
then take one pound of Indian meal, well sifted from the
bran, and mix with a little cold water, so as to make a thick
batter; add salt. As soon as the water boils add the batter;
stir it well, and keep it stirred and boiling for at least
twenty minutes. It should be about the consistence of
hasty-pudding, porridge, or stir-about, and may, indeed,
be made in the same way. Take it up, and eat it with
milk, butter, or treacle. In this form it can easily be made
and distributed to the poor from soup houses. Benevolent
individuals, too, might prepare the mush in their own
kitchens, and give it to the hungry and destitute. This
is the most manageable and convenient of all the
preparations of maize ; it is used daily in u large
number of American families, and considered a
most wholesome diet. What is not used at one meal is
cut into slices and fried or heated on the gridiron at the
next meal, and eaten with butter or treacle. It is proper
to state that many of these receipts are differently pre-
pared in different parts of the country ; but in selecting
the above I believe I have chosen the most popular forms
in use. A proper seasoning with salt is necessary in all
cases. The meal should be carefully sifted from the
bran ; and the bran after being scalded is excellent food
for pigs and poultry. Of the different receipts given
above, the most easily prepared are the mush, the
Johnny and hoe-cakes, and the ash-cake. The latter
can be cooked with great facility in the turf fires com-
mon in Ireland. In all cases the article must be well
and thoroughly cooked, or it will not be nutritious or
digestible.—Bartlett on Maize.