The Sun.
London, England, 1870-10-18 00:00:00

GA RI BA LDI INTERVIEWED.

The Times correspondent at Tours, in a letter dated the
12th instant, says that Garibaldi, since his arrival here,
has been reported ill and desirous of repose, but, hearing
that he was likely soon to leave Tours, I went
this morning to see him. I found him in a
small room at the Prefecture, of which the windows
look out on the venerable garden of that building. One
of the Ministers was just leaving the room, and only
one person was with him. He struck me as looking older
than when I last saw him, now, I think, about three years
ago, in Florence—a few more lines added to the
furrows which the hardships and sufferings of an
eventful life have ploughed in his benevolent coup-

.enance—but not more infirm, and he spoke in his
usual clear, cheerful tones of the past, the present, and
even of the future. He was not in pain, and he hopes
he still has vigour left to render some service to a cause
which, so short a time ago, none would have dreamt of his
being found sustaining. But it is a Republican cause, as
well as that of the unfortunate and comparatively feeble,
and either consideration might suffice to enlist him
in it. He had not been fatigued by his journey; the
railway company had put a commodious saloon carriage
at his disposal, and he had travelled at his ease. He had
no difficulty in getting away from Caprera. Up to a short
time before his departure the island was strictly guarded.
An Italian corvette and a number cf smaller vessels
cruised around it, troops had been landed and en-
camped, and he could see their tents as he lay in
his bed. All these precautions suddenly ceased
—probably when the Roman business was over—and he
was free to go where he listed—fortunately, perhaps, for
him, for he was determined, under any circumstances,
to quit the island. He spoke of Rome, and of the
great event that has just happened there, and with which
at another time the whole world would have rung, but
which now seems to have passed comparatively unnoticed,
amid the clang of arms that deafens Europe and the
streams of blood that sully its soil. He traced the simi-
larity between the fall of the Pope and that of Napoleon,
each occurring on the morrow of what seemed a great
triumph—the Encyclical and the Plebiscite. When I
mentioned Lamarmora's having gone to Rome, he
smiled, and said little ; it is not his wont, in his
ordinary conversation, to inveigh against persons whom
be dislikes or despises ; but I fancied I could read his
thoughts and that it occurred to him that the hero of
Custozza was sent now to Rome as he had been to Naples,
when the work was done, to shine in the laurels he had
had no share in gathering. Garibaldi said he (lid not
know whether he should leave Tours to-night, as had
been reported; it was not yet settled, but he expected
to leave very soon, and probably, in the first instance,
for Macon. His command is to be that of Francs-Tireurs
in the East of France, which will, of course, include the
Vosges, likely to be their chief stronghold and field of
action. Once more in the field, in his latter days, it may
almost be thought it is his destiny to die in hainess—in
_ _ _

that famous red shirt and gray poncho made familiar by
his portrait to the eyes of the more remote nations. His
countenance brightened when I spoke to him of
old friends, both in Italy and England, and alluded
to scenes in which I had formerly met him and to inci-
dents of his past campaigns, and I asked him if he really,
after all he had suffered and gone through, felt himself
equal to take the field once more, and personally to direct
operations. He did, he said ; not on foot, certainly,

The last news from Wilhelmshoe was that Napoleon
suffered much from cold lately, and coughed greatly.
General Mazure has been set at liberty, but the Govern-
ment has had to exert itself to obtain the execution of its
orders by the authorities at Lyons.
The last balloon which left Paris went over the Prussian
camp at the height of 2,000 metres, and the Prussians
fired at it ineffectually, for they could not carry their
balls higher than 1,500 metres.

The country round Paris is specially favourable for
making gabions. The country is covered with timber,
offording fascine sticks and withes for binding to any
extent.

A courier from Tours has succeeded in getting into
Paris, having swum am. oss the Seine twice. He was at
first arrested as a Prussian spy.
Illustrations of all the different uniforms of the Prus-
sian army are being posted in the French towns to avoid
the continual mistakes occurring through the popular
ignorance.

The Moniteur comments severely upon the undisturbed
Prussian railway communication between Paris and
Saverne, and recommends the formation of bodies of men
specially charged to destroy the German communications.

The Debats, in common with most authorities, estimates
the quantity of provisions in Paris as sufficient to last
two months. During that period the provinces will have
abundant opportunity for organising relief forces. If they
fail to organise, the natural inference is that Paris will be
starved out.

The Germans expelled from France have received an
intimation from the Government that their claims
to compensation must he confined to actual losses, and
must not extend to compensation for ill-treatment.

The Free-shooters are becoming more and more danger.
ous to the. Germans, though they appear scarcely so
enterprising as they might be. A letter in the Allgemeine
Zeitung expresses fear for the safety of the German com-
munications.

Alsace fares much better under conquest than Lorraine.
The inhabitants go about their business as usual. Lorraine,
however, is treated as a conquered country. A written
authorisation is required if any one wants to travel from
one point to another. The document must be shewn at
all the military posts along the high roads, and exhibited
also at railway stations in order to obtain tickets.

The Journal des Debats, which is published at Paris,
states that national 6,nteens have been opened there
for the supply of rations of beef gratuitously to the poor,
and to the public at a fixed price. This is a voluntary
movement, ' supported by subscriptions. Gratuitous re-
cipients must he prbvided with orders obtained from sub-
scribers.

In order to prevent the Prussians from sending war
sloops up the Seine, which is said to be their intention,
the river is being barricaded at the bridge of Bercy. Pon-
toons, cables, and armed sloops are stationed there, and
command the river up to its confluence with the
Marne.

The corpses of two Prussian officers have been found in
the Seine. They seemed to have been in the water many
days, and bore the traces of dagger wounds. It is said it
is the twentieth time such discoveries have been made,
and speculation is rife as to the murderers.

M. Bernier, the Judge d'lnstruction at Paris, who
carried on the last politic•d trials under the Empire with
so much zeal, has arrived at Tours. It is said that a war-
rant for his arrest had been made out by M. K6ratry, but
he presented himself to the members of the Government,
declaring that he shrank from no responsibility which he
had incurred.

A. letter from Louviers to the Constitationne? maintains
that the Prussians are inclined to regret that they did not
pause after the victory of Sedan. The people fear that
the obstinacy and rapacity of their rulers will he their
ruin. It is proposed to undertake the siege of Paris in
earnest while the cavalry are engaged in pillaging the
provinces.

There are 1,500 Prussian invalids in the ambulances at
Epernay, and they die at the rate of 15 daily. Also there
have been a number of accidents on the railway lines
causing severe injuries. The Prussians attribute these
disasters to malevolence, and have arrested the principal
inhabitants of the district, especially of St. Martin
d'Ablois, where the property of the Marquis of Talhouet
lies. The Count of Chevigne is among those arrested.
As in the case of the Paris sorties, the troops of the Line
who Sere engaged in the battle at Orleans, fought worse
than any of their comrades. These regulars are described
as generally inferior in physical strength, courage, and
patriotic feeling to the Gardes Mobiles, who are described
as having fought bravely. Of Volunteer corps, the Pon-
tifical Zouaves, a mere handful of men, equivalent to two
or three companies, are said to have displayed the utmost
valour, and to have been almost exterminated.
Nearly all Normandy, says the Precurscur d'Anvers, is
without cash. In order to restore business a large number
of towns and communes have created paper money,
guaranteed by the municipal chest. At Bonen a decree
of the Prefect has ordered the creation of bonds of 25,
20, 10, and 5 francs. At Evreux communal bonds exist
of 1,2, 5,10, and 20 francs. At Rouen also a joint-stock
bank issues bonds of 1,2, 5, and 10 francs.
During a skirmish before Paris on the 10th the Ger-
mans brought up two pieces of artillery at the edge of
a wood. The three forts which commanded the situation
completely dismounted the two pieces, according to the
French official account. We were able to observe distinctly
one of them without horses carried away by men, and
shortly afterwards the second piece drawn towards the
park by two horses, and about 15 wounded going off by
the Avenue de la Maison Blanche.

Says a correspondent of the Cologne Gazette :—" A
high Prussian General recently told me that he had
begged the King of Prussia at Commercy to grant him a
squadron of cavalry for service in the chief town of his
Government. The King laughingly replied, My dear
General, you must apply there,' pointing to Moltke, he
alone disposes of all our troops, and I ought to be glad if
he only leaves me my body guard.' This answer, I think,
is equally honourable for both—for our King, in that he
recognizes Moltke's strategic genius so joyfully and
willingly defers to him, for the latter in that he publicly
receives such a recognition of his worth out of the mouth
of his King and master."

Versailles is quite busy. Most of the shops are open,
and many necessaries are to be had in tolerable quantity.
A German letter says :—" Owing to our extreme care,
and the many precautions we take in erecting our earth-
works and organising our approaches before Paris, the
inhabitants of Versailles revel in the unfortunate delusion
that things are going badly with us, and as the progress
of our labours is not chronicled in sensational bulletins,
they fondly imagine that General Trochu and his Mobiles
have inspired us with something more than awe. In the
same steady way in which our troops were inobilised in
July, the beleaguiing works before Paris are being com-
pleted. The excellent and gigantic plan is being carried
out even to its slightest detail, although at the risk of
increasing French vanity anew. Strictest orders have
been given to.avoid any useless engagement or futile
shedding of blood."

The London correspondent of the Manchester Guardian
says the aversion of the Crown Prince to the continuance
of the war becomes greater every day. " For many
months he has not, it is well known, spoken to Count
Bismarck, whose ascendancy over the King he distrusts
and deplores. In the family quarrels the Prince, not
unnaturally, took the' side of his mother. The Crown
Prince, it is understood, however, disapproves not more
of the ways of the Court than of those of the State
Bureau. If not from himself, it was from those
immediately about him, that the information is said to
have been obtained by the Times correspondent which the
rough and irascible Chancellor contracdicted in such
insolent terms. Instead of being founded altogether on
mere invention, Dr. Russell's account of King William's
interview with the Emperor turns out to have been not
far from what actually occurred."

but partly on horseback, and partly in a carriage, he hoped
to be able once more to render some service. He goes
against a formidable foe, at the head of
new levies, most of which may be said to
have little of the soldier beyond their courage and in very
numerous cases considerable skill with the rifle. But he
has all his life been used to handle such materials, to
shape them to his purpose, to arouse their enthusiasm, and
so to direct their inexperience as to render them
formidable even to the most highly disciplined troops.
Hitherto he has chiefly had his own countrymen to com-
mand, who looked upon him as the personification
of Italian patriotism, and seemed electrified by the
spark of his ardent and fearless spirit. It will be
curious to watch whether he will exercise the same
sort of fascination on foreigners fighting in an equ,illy
national cause. Let us hope that no Prussian marks-
man will take a life which has been spared by the
countless Austrian bullets among which it has been freely
risked. Such was my heartfelt wish as I parted from the
man who has made himself a name which will be as re-
nowned in the world's annals as those of the greatest con-
querors, and with one never can be, even for a short half-
hour, without acknowledging the charm of his presence
and forgetting his mistakes in admiration of his many
noble qualities.

' Advices by mail from South America announce
the Government troops, after a series of reverses, 115 d
been driven into Monte Video. The town. WaS besieged'
The Red Government was expected to resign, the country
being generally favourable to the White Party.
According to the testimony of one of the.doctors of the
ambulance who recently left Metz and went to Brussel6
Metz is in no want of provisions. Horseflesh is sold Itt
fivepence per pound, and the hotels and restaurants 1137
not increased their prices to any great extent. As the
fields and meadows are within the enc4inte of the fora•
cations, forl.g-e for cattle and vegetables are still furnished
in sufficient quantities. The sanitary state of the popul3"
tion is excellent, and there are few cases of typhus. Ali,
the personnel of the ambulance have given their word of
honour before leaving Metz that they would give n°
information respecting the siege, and reveal no rainfall
fact.

A huge piece of artillery has been tried in Paris for the
first time. At a distance of forty metres it completely
annihilated a group of Prussians who had comfortably
installed themselves at the Moulin d'Argemont. The trees
were shaken, the leaves fell off with the shock, and the
whole party at the mill disappeared instantaneously-
Each time this piece is fired it costs 300 francs. The
noise of the report is said to be something extraordinary'
Count Bismarck accorded an interview with the 111aYer
of Versailles on the subject of elections. The Chancellor
received him " with great courtesy," says the French ac"
count, and assured him that the Prussian Government
would offer no obstacles to the elections on the IGth
proximo, any more than they had to those which were t°
have been held on the 2nd of October, always provided
that in the communications between the diffrent parts of
the Department they did not approach Paris or cross the
Prussian lines. On the day of voting the electors must
come without arms, and must not assemble in large nuer
bers. These conditions, readily accepted, are, indeed,
..„ill
accordance 'with the law of France on the subject. -11-'
Bismarck, however, had a very awkward question to ask'
—Were the elections to be held at all? Did not the
Mayor know a decree had been issued to countermand
them ? As the Mayor was not aware of any Inl4l
decree the Count shewed it to him, and gave him 9
copy of it.
A correspondent of the Patrie has sent some particulars
of-the events which transpired at Orleans. On the 9th of -
October there were at Orleans several cannons and war
material, and the same day an order was given to the
railway authorities to bring 15,000 men, 650 horses'
6 batteries of artillery from Bourges, and 16,000 men
from Vieryon, With 3 batteries. These orders were /name:
diately executed, and an employe of the railway declarea
that, with scarcely an exception, all these reinforcements
had arrived, and were consequently at the disposal of Genetsl
Motternige. On .Monday and Tuesday the fight W 5
kept up by Generals Loiignerie and Rezan, who were
prcvided with very inferior artillery. Great surprise Wns
expressed that they were not assisted by the troops which
had come to hand, and which were still further augmented
by detachments sent from Tours. It is considered de'
sirable that some explanation on these points should be
given, for it is impossible to understand why the troops
should have fallen back beyond the Loire and allowed the
enemy to occupy so important a town as that of
Orleans.

THE SIEGE of SOISSoNS.— Th —0 Prussians WM"
menced the siege of Soissons, which has just fallen, 00
September 24. On Monday, September 26, says a French
account, the fighting was resumed, and the artillery a
the Mobile Guard had for the first time an opportunity of
aiming -at the enemy their shells and bnllets, seine ()f
which went home, in, spite of the extreme care taken by
the Prussians never to present themselves in any number
within range of our guns. They appear to have adopted
the system of the Chouans, so well known in BrittanY,
of scattering themselves about ad infinitum. The saw°
day several other villages were invaded, and from the
Rheims road the enemy was able to extend his lines with-
out being opposed, as fax as the road to Paris. On 'MO
day, the 26th of September, the Prussians, strongly
trenched in front of the faubourg of Rheims, were bl"
coming very troublesome. They were gradually ,ad-
vancing on the place, taking shelter behind trees which
had been cut, and appeared to intend establishing,
a battery in front of Villeneuve, near the beautifill
bridge of the Aisne, which had been blown up thre°
weeks ago. it was deemed necessary to dislodge them fret
these works, and the Council of Defence resolved that a
sortie should be attempted in the direction of Villeneuve,
from which place the enemy could see all that was going
on on the ramparts, and fire on our artillerymen, who were
badly protected. The• Prussians were quietly proceeding
with their work, when a shower of shells and grape shot
burst among them. In less than an hour and a-half 10 guns
fired nearly 150 shots, from. the Fort St. Jean, the Bastion
of St. Waa,st, and the Gate St. Martin. Soon afterwaras
a strong column, composed of soldiers of the I.sth Foot
and artillery of the Mobile Guard, made a sortie by the
Gate St. Martin. These troops conducted themselves
with the steadiness of veteran soldiers. Unfortunately
the enemy was already very strongly intrenched, and
could not be dislodged, and after an hour's fighting our
troops were obliges to re-enter the place. On our side
our loss amounted to two killed and about twelve 0r
thirteen wounded. As the faubourg of Rheims covered
the poSition of the Prussians we were compelled to burn
it entirely. This operation was commenced on Monday
evening, and was terminated in a second sortie which Was
made on Tuesday evening. This sort of fighting went 011
for some time,, but the place was taken soon after the
siege guns arrived.

NAPOLEON AT WILHELAISTIOE.—A_ letter in tliO
Russian Courier shews no friendly feeling to the Env
peror Napoleon. The writer declares that the man who
has caused so much blood to be shed is living in a state of
the most complete calm, surrounded by those who are
continually praising his acts. The Prussian Court con-
duties to offer him proofs of friendship and esteem as to
the man who has best served its interests, and is the beet
disposed to serve them again. It would be superfluous to
say that the ChAteau is the centre of a conspiracy arid
the rendezvous of some of the principal agents of the
Imperial regime, for it is well known that the hero of
Sedan is capable of anything, but it may be interesting
to know the opinion of the Emperor concerning various
important personages. A fortunate chance enabled the
correspondent of the Russian journal to hear from the
lips of the ex-Emperor his estimate of M. Thiers, Count
Bismarck, and Jules Favre. The interview at
the chateau of Ferrikvs gave him the oppor-
tunity of discussing the merits of the two
latter individuals, who had just decided as to the.

continuance or the cessation of the war. " Jules Favre,
Said Napoleon, " is not strong enough to discuss questions
with the Minister of King William. He will be CaSt
aside by him. I haVe been his dupe myself, and everi
one has giv'en me the credit for finesse and resell
9 2111
What will become of M. Jules Favre
his words will .be • turned against him. .11u4-I°r
the appearance of consenting to his pacific intentions,
Count Bismarck will throw the responsibility of bis
refusal on his august master. In this consists the talent
of a diplomatist to know how to cast on others the weight
of his own actions. This talent was wanting to me in TIV
transactions at the Tuileries. lam paying dearly now for
this deficiency in my political capabilities. The Chau'
cellor of North. Germany has no other object but to make
Europe believe that the French people insisted on the via,
being declared, while the truth is that he and I wished
for it at the same moment. If I had. been able, to pa"
suade France that she urged me on to mare this war, I
should still be at Paris, which I could have entered without
fear. The contrary has been-the case, and my fall and the
capitulation of Sedan are the consequences of this impos-
sibility." A little later, speaking of M. Thiers, he cal'
tinned in the same strain :—" I was defeated at Boulogns,
because, in my simplicity at the time, I trusted to tile
Minister of Louis Philippe, who promised me his assist-
ance only to draw me into the snare. I was in his way ill
England, and therefore he inveigled me to Boulogne '
order to imprison me in Ham."

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