The Sun.
London, England, 1870-01-25 00:00:00

United States must be split up, as Mr. CHESTER

(holding extraordinary Copperhead proclivities for
an Englishman) considers inevitable, it would be
far better that the Continent should first be merged
into the Republic, and then subdivided, when phy-
sical geography could be consulted. Mr. Louis, on
the contrary, considers the extension of the Re-
public not to be bounded by the Atlantic, the
Pacific, and the North Pole ; for he would fede -
rate the whole Anglo-Saxon race, whether in Aus-
tralia, Africa, Europe, or America. This is, ac-
cording to him, the coming destiny of the nations
founded by England, and we are bound to say,
whether feasible or not, that it is infinitely higher in
conception. Even if impracticable, which it is not,
it is good to encourage this Catholic feeling, for
statesmen who foresee its accomplishment, or even
have a dim notion of its feasibility in the next
generation, would act with greater circumspection
on the chance. Opinions would be modified, rough
edges and extremes of prejudices rubbed off, and the
possibility of a war breaking out between the two
sections would be materially lessened. Should no-
thing come of it, still that would be no small gain,
and although many may believe that Mr. Louis is,
in his enthusiasm, pursuing a chimera, yet, if one,
we are ourselves in much the same boat, for his
ideas have often been foreshadowed in our columns.
There is a curious remark in Mr. CHESTER'S book
on the intense Englishness of everything he saw in
the States, north, west, and south. As a general
rule, he contradicts all previous travellers, and is not
only Democratic in his tendencies, but is often
hearty in his denunciations of things American, but
be records this Englishness as the one grand idea pre-
sent to his mind wherever he travelled. Whether he
was in Boston (where he takes occasion to denounce
the growing vice of New England as well as Bos-
tonian conceit), Baltimore, St. Louis, or Chicago;
whether in a Southern planter's house, a Western
ranche, or a Northern farmer's homestead, ho felt
more at home than if travelling in Yorkshire, in
Wales, in Scotland, or in Ireland. May we ask
Air. CHESTER whether a people so homogeneous are
likely to split up, or if the fact he records be not
the strongest in favour of Mr. Louis' dream?
Since the above was in type, we have read the
peroration of the Right Hon. W. E. FORSTER'S
speech at Bradford, wherein, while acknowledging
that it may be a dream, he asserted his belief that
the time is coming when all English-speaking na-
tions will gladly enter into one groat Confederation.
Turning towards the Republic, he added—" believe
also, w hatever the present difficulties may bc,the time
will come, and is coming quickly, when there will
be no differences between us and our kinsmen in
the United States. I hope that there are many here
who will live to see it." While acknowledging that
present appearances, as well as history, go to confirm
the opinion that such a union can never be niore
substantial than a dream, it is a fact that the faci-
lities for quick travel and instantaneous communi-
cation have lately changed the relation of communi-
ties towards each other, and rendered possible what
to a former generation could only have been re-
garded as a dream. The efforts now making to
improve and render more binding an international
Code are steps towards realizing the vision, and
alike in Europe and America we see the notion of
a continental union steadily gaining ground.

The standard thinks the strike al Creuzot is remarkable
for the celerity with which it assumed a most menacing„, -
character, and the paltriness of the motives alleged for itaw •
The dispute, if dispute it can be called, between the wort 7-
men and their employer about the administration of their-
society for mutual assistance had been settled by their
own votes, and there appeared no reason to apprehend any
further difficulty. The truth seems to be that Assy, the
leader of the strike, and some of his colleagues had resolved
upon a strike with other intentions than the obtainment
of a mere paltry concession about the readmission of some
discharged workmen, and found that that pretext was the
only one they coulduse to justify the strike, which they be-
lieved would soon assume a political character. It is clear
from the different reports that the ringleaders of the move-
ment are Socialists and Republicans ; it seems probable,
too, thar M. Rochefort and some of the Irreconcileables
,f Paris had a finger in the pie. M. Assy has not acted
alone or merely in concert with his fellow-workmen in M.
Schneider's employ. The question is whether he has been
working with the aid and at the instigation of the
International League, to give the world another sign of
that body's existence and power, or whether he and those
who have worked with him have had a national and not
a cosmopolitan object, and got up this strike, which
promised at one time to result in serious bloodshed,
In order to promote the aims of the Irreconcileablo
and Revolutionary party in France. We shall, in all
probability, now that the strike seems to be approaching
a conclusion, very soon have an answer to that question.
and in it an explanation of a movement which, upon the
face of it, seems unintelligible. We should be glad indeed •
if it should turn out that the statements hitherto made
are incorrect, and the workmen at Creuzot had real
grievances, and struck to obtain their redress. It will
not be at all satisfactory to learn that either the Inter-
national League or the Paris Irreconcileables can at any
moment paralyse the industrial activity of a district
of France, and force on a bloody collision between the
troops and misguided workmen.
The Daily News remarks that another holocaust of vic-
tims to weasoning and unfounded panic was offered up
at Liverpool en Sunday night. The story of the catas-
trophe by which sixteen persons lost their lives at the
doors of a place of worship is but a repetition, in nearly
all its details, of the old story of the madness of ' fear. It
is so easy to be wise after the event, that we
will not even attempt to say whether any
blame is to be attached to tho architect of the
building. The ordinary judgment of the public
on events of this nature is that the means of
exit from the building were insufficient for the purpe.:o
and ought to be enlarged. But it may he seriously doubted
whether any provision whatever will prevent the recur-
rence of such accidents. But of all feelings fear is the most.
contagious, and a frightened crowd is the most fearful
sight in the world. The wave of terror passes over it like
a gust of wind over a corn-field; every face turns towards
the supposed cause of alarm, then the whole 'mass
sways in the direction of the door as by a singe
Incontrollable impulse; the very movement intensifies
the fear, and a frantic struggle ensues. This is
the characteristic feature of all panics, and we are
afraid it is impossible to hope that so long as great
crowds of impulsive and unreflecting persons gather toge-
ther, these terrible calamities will not occasionally recur.
in the accident at Manchester, in the summer before last,
very slight cause produced the alarm to which twenty-
Aire° persons were sacrificed, and in most other cases the
darm itself was altogether needless and baseless. This is,
n fact, the family feature of all such calamities. One
word of false alarm arouses a fear which no assurances can
allay. Under the excitement of an unregulated imagina-
tion this. fear speedily becomes a frenzy, and thus panic,
like anger, is a short madness.

The Telegraph observes with great satisfaction one point
in M. Thiors's speech—which is, that ho does not indulge
in the stereotyped fling against England. The ordinary
Continental idea is, that we protected industry just so
long as it suited our own purpose, and abolished Trace-
:ion the instant that we saw our own profit in so dcing, to
the detriment and ruin of our neighbours. M. 'Mien:,

indeed, enumerates all the measures passed to protect
cur wool-trade in the old Tudor days. He compliments
our ancestors upon their wisdom; he does no',
lowever, add—as many do—that we call upon
foreign nations to follow our example simply be-
cause it will bring grist to our own mill. We
can assure M. Thiers, and the gentlemen acting with him,
that neither we nor our ancestors deserve many compli-
ments for our wisdom. It was all stupidity, gentlemen—
sheer stupidity ! We were no wiser than other nations—
and were enamoured of just the same suicidal policy that
others advocate now. We believed that we should male
ourselves independent of foreign supply; we believe that
wo could create and foster new branches of industry,
by keeping foreign nations away from our markets;
wo believed that we could hold the mastery of
the seas, by keeping foreign keels off it. Now we
know better; and wo have a firm conviction that cra

long the great bulk of Frenchmen will also know
better. They will learn that the commercial prosperity
of a nation depends upon the commercial prosperity of its
neighbours. It is by feeding, and not by starving, the
markets of the world that we shall all grow rich. These
visions of wars and foreign invasions will pass away front
the minds of men like what they are—mere relics of a
barbarous period in the world's history. Certainly the
French people—with their ingenuity, their industry, their
fine taste, and their many high qualities—need not fear
that they will be last in the race when it is once open to
all the world.
The Pall Mall Gazette says
,that the Bishop of Exeter
nas been giving what to manypeople will seem anill-timed
warning against putting too much faith in educational
systems. We believe that the Bishop of Exeter has judged
wisely in giving the warnings now. In the long run there
is no more fatal check to sustained efforts than
exaggerated expectations. If we lay the Bishop of
Exeter's words to heart we shall,be saved from this
danger at all events as regards one of the supposed
results. Dr. Temple is not a man likely to under-
estimate the importance of educational machinery, or to
be indifferent to the necessity of
~maltinz such machinery
co-extensive with the wants of ~the population. But Ito
knows also that the most" perfect Machinery must leave
much to the skill of those who use it, and that the more
precious the result the more certainly does the law apply,
Granting that acompulsory system will not be permanently
effective if the people have no wish' that their children
shall be educated, it does not follow that such a systeri
may not be a necessary preliminary to the creation of the
wish. Probably there aro, not: a few parents who will be
willing enough to obey an 'Act of Parliament, . though
without that inducement they would, never have given
the matter a thoughtf 8y... this. Means.: a sense
.of the
benefits !resulting fr9m, education more diffused.
There will be more i)pportunitioa 'OCnoticing how the boy
who has done well at schoorgeta :'Ott afterwards by the
side of the boy who has. been iditklina irregular ; end by
degrees this .corfiparlsolinaWoglVakiloOcuts of
prtidence. Even witil .thq 414 ;13;cotnpulsory. sy stem tit
will be, difficult enOugli. se_rclincry
. ,14if;Nre not sec
general ; but - withent a habit of mind
' 6 hr. th 4) a 4 -Callin"
• . •

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