The Sun.
London, England, 1848-10-06 00:00:00

THE SUN,

MILDRED VERNON IS NOW TO BE
HAD AT ALL THE LIBRARIES.

Now ready, and can be had of all Booksellers, in 3 vols. dewy Bvo.,
♦with Portraits and numerous other Illustrations,
.ALHISTORY of the JESUITS.
From the FOUNDATION of their SOCIETY.
By ANDREW STEINMETZ.
Author of " The Novitiate," and " The Jesuit in the Family."
" This, work will take its place beside the earnest ..nd eloquent vo-
lumes o,f D'Aubigne."—Britannia
" T'Ae author writes powerfully and peurtrays graphically ; his
sure' .sm is bitter, and his collocation of words brilliant."—Weekly
Chr.onicie,

Richard Bentley, New Burlington•street,
(Publisher in Ordinary to her Majesty).

THE FRENCH IN AFRICA.
On Tuesday, October 17th, will be published, in post Bvo.,
NARRATIVE of a CAMPAIGN with a
FRENCH COLUMN, under Marechal Bugeaud, directed
against the Kablles of Algeria; together with au Account of the Ad-
ventures of M. Suchet in search of the Camp of the Emir Abd-el-
Kader. By DAWSON BORRER, F.R.G.S., Nlembre Correspondant
de la Societe Orienta e a Paris. Author of "A Journey from Naples
to Jerusalem."

THEATRE ROYAL, ADELPHI.
Under the direction of Madame Celeste.
During the Recess this Theatre has been entirely re-decorated, the
original designs by Digby Watts, Esq , executed by Mr. Sang. •
now Stage, Curtain, Act Drop, and Chandelier. An approved sys-
tem of Ventilation, &c., &c. The Private Boxes enlarged, Backs
added to the Seats, and Stalls rendered more comfortable,
THIS EVENING

Will b. performed RORY O'MORE.
After which, THE IRISH LION.
To *conclude with THE MARRIED BACHELOR.

ROYAL LYCEUM THEATRE.
Under the Management of Madame Vestrls.
Sole Lessee. Mr. Charles Mathews.
THIS EVENING,

Wlll be performed a comic —Drama, entitled ANYTHING FOR
A. CHANGE. Characters by Messrs. Harley,C. Mathews, Homer;
Miss K. Fitswilliam, and Miss Marshall.
After which, COURT BEAUTIES.
To conclude with THE CRITIC,
Dress Boxes, ss. ; Upper Boxes, 4i. ; Pit, 2s. ; Gallery, Is. No
,alf-price to any part of the house.
The New Box-office, No. 2, Wellington-street, is open to the
Public every day, from Ten till Six.

PRINCESS'S THEATRE.
Mr. J. M. Maddox, Sole Lessee and Manager.
During the Recess this Theatre has been re-decorated and embel-
!shed in a superb and costly manner by Mr. Hurwitz. ♦ new Chan-
delier has been fitted, and the best arrangements have been reads for
the due Ventilation of the Theatre, and tke comfort and convenience
of tbe audience.

THIS EVENING,
Will be performed the Opera, of LA VIVANDIERE.
After which, rAT ME 1 Olt IF YOU DONT—ee.
T• conclade with the Ballet of LA ROBIBMIG.

ASTLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE.
Proprietor, Mr. W. Batty.
The Last Week of the Season, arrangements having been made
for the appearance of the Equestrian portion of the Establishment
at Edinburgh.
Triumphant success of the Popular Equestrian Spectacle of Mueppa,
which has been nightly received with enthusiasm.
Unparalleled Equestrian Feats.
TII IS EVE) ING,
Will be performed Lord Byron's Hippodramatie Spectacle of
MIZEPP.A. ; or, The Wild Horse.
To be followed by the inimitable EQUESTRIAN and GY3LNAS•
TIC EXERCISES in the ARENA.
Te conclude with the Farce of THE SECRET.
Box-office open from Eleven till Five.
Stage Manager, Mr. W. West.

TO CORRESPONDENTS.
No communication can be attended to unless autkrenti-
cated by the name and address of the writer.
Rejected communications cannot be returned.

-rnE WEATHER.—SUN OFFICE, OCTOBER 6.
TILERIIOXYTEII, Lowest, 54; Highest, 66; Noon, 70.

BAROMETER, 30.23.
WIND S. ; fine sunshiny weather.

NIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE THIS DAY.
Morning .. 8 min. after 7 Evening •• 43 min. after 7

with the fluctuations of trade, with the demands of
appetite, and with the graduations of luxury ; it ap-
proaches us through all our senses ; we breathe it
in the air, which it may be said to impregnate like a
moral mephitis ; we eat it, we drink it, we see it in
the light of the day; it haunts us like an evil con-
science ; it dogs our heels like a robber ; it clings to
us like a burr or a parasite ; it seems in all essential
respects to be at once eternal and omni-
present. Such has taxation become in these
kingdoms under the auspices of a succession
of aristocratic administrations. 'Whenever there has
been a deficit at the close of the financial year, that
deficit has been satisfied either by a loan leading to
an impost, or an impost warding off a loan. The bed
upon which the nation has been stretched has been
deplorably Procrustian : and the Chancellor of the
Exchequer has officiated by a sort of imprescriptable
right as the national torturer armed with his official
instruments of agony—the saw, and the axe, and the
rack, and the pincers, and the thongs of financial
legislation. The whole system of Government, as
far as the income of the country is concerned, has
been nothing better than a hereditary plan of botching
and cobbling. The result is visible ; and the re-
medy, at length—thanks be to Gon !—obvious.
In the course of the last Parliamentary session
Mr. Hume proclaimed that the time was come when
the people of England would no longer consent to be
fleeced and pigeoned for the advantage of a bevy of
place-hunters; and he declared that nothing would
satisfy the population but an immediate and extraor-
dinary diminution of the national expenditure. Mr.
HOME was right. Following in the footsteps of the
veteran Reformer, the representative of Montrose,
Mr. COBDEN demanded from the members of the
Cabinet an instant reduction in our naval and mill•
tarp estimates. Mr. COBDEN was wrong. Any
act of economy would •be preferable to a par-
simony displayed towards our sea and land
service, towards our wooden walls or our bat-
talions, towards the soldiers and the sailors, who
deserve better from their country than to be
shelved as hangers-on, or to be discharged as an ex-
pensive and idle luxury. The State cannot yet spare
its defenders. The social system is not yet sufficiently
consolidated to enable it to dispense with its bulwarks.
And it is quite clear to our comprehension that those
who talk of doing away with the substantial founda-
tions of the empire, under the impression that
universal and eternal peace is practicable, are literally
—building castles in the air No! Atalantis has not
yet arrived. Utopia has not yet glimmered above
the horizon of this century. Icarie is still far away
in the realms of dream-land, or fairy•land, or
whatever land it may have been in which the imagi-
nations of M. CADET, of Sir THOMAS MORE, and of
Lord BACON have delighted to expatiate. We must
be content to act in a manner more decidedly common-
place. We must forego the flimsyand aerial fascina-
tions of whatever is merely Icarian, Atalantian, or
Utopian. And here we would recommend to all
financial reformers the example, the brilliant and
illustrious example, afforded by the new French
Republic that Republic which Toryism delights
to ridicule as a fantastic frivolity, but which
every successive day proves to be more and
more an active institution of benefactions. According
to the report recently delivered in by the Committee
of Finance—a report containing the corrected budget
of receipts and expenses for the year 1848—it appears
that extraordinary reductions have already been
effected In the general expenditure. And the reduc-
tion is applied, moreover, in the most rational direc-
tion. No reduction, or rather, we should say, no
notable reduction is observable in the budgets of
War, Marine, or Public 'Works. The War budget,
for example, remains fixed at 432,254,724 francs ;
the Marine budget has been increased by 6,533,615
francs up to a total of 151,978,520 francs ; and the
Public Works budget has been arranged at
217,323,688 francs. The reduction is of a
very different character ; it is a reduction
applied to the salaries of diplomatic and consular
agents ; a reduction, moreover, the remarkable
nature of which may be at once recognised by a
glance down the following catalogue :

Brussels ... ... 40,0001. instead of 70,0001.
Constsntinopl© ... 80,000 100,000
London .... ... 150,000 300,000

Madrid ... 80,000 170,000
Naples ... ... 60,000 100,000

Ito-me ...

. . 90,000 - 120,000

St .Petersburgh... 120,000 . 500,000
Vienna ... ... 90,000 200,000
Athens ... ... 40,000 . 70,000
Berlin ... ... 70,000_ 100,000
Copenhagen . . 40,000 50,000
The Hague ... 50,000 70,000
Lisbon ... ... 40,000 60,000
Mexico ... ... 60,000 80,000
Rio de Janeiro ... 60,000 80,000
Stockholm ... 40,000 50,000
Washington ... 60,000 110,000

Further extracts from this extraordinary report of
the Committee would demonstrate still more vividly the
extent of these enormous but most judicious reduc-
tions, reductions applying not only to the salaries of
the Republican ambassadors, but to the incomes of the
prefects appointed in the various departments. In
regard to the payment of the latter, the memorable
law of the 28th Pluviose, Year VIII., has been re-
adopted, and a reasonable scale of compensation by
law determined. Again may we repeat the old
adage—" They manage these things better in
France." And our Constitutional Reformers would
do well not to disdain profiting, for once at least, by
the example afforded to them by the humanity of the
French Republicans.

It is impossible to estimate too highly the im-
portance of the subject to which Mr. CHARLES
ENDERBY has directed the public attention in a state-
ment just published by him, explanatory of the
necessity, and the means of re-establishing the
British Southern Whale Fishery. If it be regarded
merely as the opening of a new channel for the
profitable investment of capital, affording a rich
promise of ample returns for the amount that should
be invested in the undertaking, the project
would be well worthy of attention, but it
possesses a much stronger recommendation than
any that can be derived from it as a source of merely
private emolument. It aims at the resuscitation of
an important branch of our national industry—at
restoring that trade that has been practically lost to
the country, and providing, by British skill and
British enterprise, the supply of an article in constant
demand, which has been suffered to fall, in a vast
degree, into the hands of our Transtlantic brethren,
the most formidable rivals of our country in mari-
time affairs, and which a continued negligence on our
part will altogether deprive us of, and transfer to the
navy of the United States.
In the course of last year we repeatedly alluded to
the convincing arguments brought forward by Mr.
ENDERBY, in a pamphlet published by him on the sub-
ject, and detailing the extraordinary advantages that
would result from the formation of a colony on the
Auckland Islands, devoted entirely to the carrying
out with spirit and energy the whale fisheries in the
South Seas. The monetary difficulties that prevailed
on every side at that time, the universal distrust and
want of confidence, prevented the project from receiv-
ing the consideration it so eminently deserved. Indeed,
at that period it would have been impossible to
have obtained general support for any undertaking,
however promising it might appear and certain of
ultimate success. A more favourable period has
now arrived, however, and Mr. ExDsztur has again
submitted his scheme and proposed the formation of
a new company, in order to carry out his objects in
the most efficient and energetic manner.
Her MAJESTY'S Government have exhibited their
sense of the national importance of the con-
templated
undertaking. A grant has been made
to Mr. ENDERBY of. the Auckland Islands, the Etatf on
selected by biei,elf, and possessing every requisite
for carrying out the project in the most efficient
manner. The Board of Trade has expressed its
willingness to recommend that a Royal Charter of
Incorporation be granted to the proposed company
when formed, limiting the liability of the share-
holders to the amount of their respective subscriptions.
The Chief Secretary for the Colonies has instructed
the Governors of Australia, Van Diemen's Land,
and New Zealand to aid the success of the enter-
prise in any manner possible; while the Lords of the
Admiralty have transmitted a similar order to the
commander of the squadron on the New Zealand sta-
tion. Few projects have been submitted to the public
with such powerful recommendations, or which pos-
sessed so great a certainty of the most influential
support. It has, however, inherent merits that I

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