The Sun.
London, England, 1846-03-20 00:00:00

trt is evident from comparing the present population of
e tell principal towns in each.
, In Great Britain. In France.
tor°ll4lation, 1841 : Population, 1842 :
unclog ............ ... 1,873,676 Paris
i:!anchester ... ..... 296,183 Marseilles
GZerPol .......... 286,487 Lyons 143,977
tinstgow
.............. 274,533 Bourdeaux .. 99,512
90,580
Leedll3.ghloi ... .... 182,922 Rouen
76,965
t4inbur"-! .............
152,054 Toulouse

riatct.rgh• ..... 138,182 Nantes
Plym_ ......... 122,296 Lille
840 Mr
d ........ 68,186Anaiens

76,870
63,063
61,150
44,405

3 474 57i
, ,
th:llleliscrepancy in the an
thttil:".....nelpal English and Frei
t-tdpg exclusive of steamering. to the ten principal
gush Ports in 1844.
1"n Vessels. Tonnage.
cir„°l! •-`),792 573,522
I\l4 rye' '' '' ... -1,287 342,142
eyeastle ......1,236 273,93 i:
tlnclerland ... 813 165,69,
-48Zovr 393 96,610
11 I 4°4 . ... 447 86.617
i.......... 453 67,227
ttnheliaven .. 389 60.204
bh-uer.deen 352 51,550
maciee
......... 326 48.920

1,679,208
count of shipping belonging to
'eh ports is equallyretuarkable,

Shipping exclusive of steamers
belonging to the ten principal
French Ports in 1844.

Vessels. Tonnage.
Havre
13(qirdeaux
Nrintes
Nfarseilles 630 54,896
St. Malo
IDunkirk
Granville
Rouen
Nouvelle
Dieppe ...... ••• 174 10,837

-8,688 1,766,442
doijotal shipping belonging

I 2,991 336,398
to ports in the United King-

number of Vessels. Tonnage.
.1 Total 22,297 2,848,149
shipping belonging to ports in Franca:—
. Vessels. Tonnage.
ic r, 13,578 595,344
t6,'lle total tonnage of France being very little more than
111; of the single port of London." ti
to °n• Member then observed that he had not alluded
t,,,44 other advantages which would be derived in this
Itotfitil'Y from adopting the French system, because they
littto.l°lti a proper subject of inquiry by the Corn-
kitte Red concluded by moving for a " Special Com-
ilks...to inquire whether, without discouraging legiti-
velle,'"erprise, conditions may not be embodied in
thso;ltY Acts better fitted than those hitherto inserted in
fe. promote and secure the interests of the public."
htwila„,_l? question being put,
snrin MANGLES thought that much as the Hon.
„%litital an had3spokee of the importance of railways,
4st 'la a degree under-rated it. It appeared to him
a,. th
-‘th .e. Motion of the Hon. Gentleman possessed a
ate, ',ider scope than he was inclined to give it. The
/140,1 had hitherto been to allow the fullest scope to
41, Wo.liiltt,,sl enterprise in the construction of railways.
NI .' sPpear that the scope which the Hon. Gentle-
tio •eave to the present system involved erroneous
el le
tepee s, and that the system which was adopted in
Ilitolate; and in other places on the continent, was es-
Ne-ZY, right. It would be found after all, that the
N,t4tzes in the railway lottery were very few. There
4lie Ito doubt, some railways in this country that had
1e,,,
ttrit.`", a large profit, but looking at the whole system
Ways, as far as' he (Captain Mangles) could in-
'le sot the matter, the average profit on the whole
Ifill;" exceed five and a half per cent. A great part
Sendways in this country had not been paid up.
ta,meanies had been able, by their credit in the
kwesE;;;' to borrow large sums of money at a low rate of
Ni ;•'' Ile believed that if the capital of all the rail-
tot :11. this country were paid up, the average would
St7,eeed 3i or 4 per cent. It was most desirable
;lltional enterprise in railways should be en-
Nied, not so much for personal profit as for
10;convenience. Look at the Blackwell Rail-
0007hich cost in the construction more than
,Illiim • Per mile, and the highest return it had ever
Itire,lras li per cent. • but was it not a useful rail-
kikveLe found that in the year 1844, that railroad had
ititt;e4tl, no less than 3,400,000 passengers. By re-
NZ:" chance of winning the large prizes, the in-
nakillt to invest capital in unpromising adventures
titklo poil.'e destroyed. It appeared to him the most mir-
age tleY, because you saw a certain man realising a
NI creme
by successful enterprise, to rush in upon
N44terris de an put a stop to it. A large proportion
itef,:tf.ertunes which had been realised by successful
,Ite.: 18e still remained invested in the capital of the
Zehillt railways which had prospered. He knew also
.41, ZiLdltala who had made fortunes in successful
Oak, uo had been induced to invest further capital in
%,,,‘ 4.8„„f°,1' Jamaica, iu Ireland, and other places. The
I,iat,,-4‘lanian seemed to have forgotten all the inter-
Oliete,BtePs which the French Government had taken
v l -.4
1) Rase rge the construction of railways. He seemed
hell i°rgotten the law of 1842, under which the
15ere, G.°Yernment offered to advance one-half of the
16.. red etkeenstructing the railroads. But though they
Val these large inducements, they did not
QlAnd persuading any parties to come for-
(to the avail themselves of the ad vantage.
14silwat,P4sent time there was a total of 5,981 miles
►il.etecul,,e,ither making or made, or about to be con.
eli Was was owing to enterprise being unfettered,
re,„,' What the Hon. Gentleman found fault with.
4, Was ill France, where the Government had inter-
h 'il that at the present time the total ameent of
, ~,of
Pare
.it with the amount in England to 1844,
length on Hon. Gentleman had dwelt at
hitztit,_ the advantage derived from the cheap-
L the fares on French railroads ; but if we had
Z04,,,t1 on the French system, not one tithe of the
. t;',.! Which were now in existence, and which owed
,Nititi to private enterprise, would have been con-
,A„_ We had open communication with nearly
~.,,rt of England—with Exeter, with Carlisle,
0% istighton, and with Norwich, and we shall soon
ilk Clout line completed. Could the llon.
Gate Gentl-
e the profit which had accrued to the mer-
IN manufacturers connected with those places,
Olie Pare the result with the profits that had arisen
i`te merchants and traders in Marseilles, and
1' ri,Pillaces in France, which were anprovided
Qtat,h; Ivay communication. It appeared to him "to
Os 'ag the kid in its mother's milk." Our very
'iirld pW,I4, urged against us as a reason why we
11‘,114,C,,,,,er the French system in conducting our
lyre°, -the French people had bought up the rail-
ad to the English capitalists, and they had been
kie. Pay a very considerable sum as a premium to
,Illtior industry. The Hon. Gentleman disclaimed
'Alk-1 11 tabsa of paying the national debt by the course
ktf;;;4ls4 Proposed, but he certainly argued that he
t few, his views of paying that debt were very
kil t°l3a his He did believe that by wise mea-
hit, •
yti, ' would lead to the increase of enterprise,
1/4100hlltil debt would be by their grand-children
`a Cope 'with, and they would think no more of it
tilltigeklue`iiad, at the present time,. of tho national debt
?Ibl.*liiell `4, When compared with that of the year
It`Ziot tkitilloUnted to 140,000,000l.—(Hear.) He was
kt,7kl4"'“tt any attempt of the Government to inter-
as ~„. t'N'vent private enterprise, and he considered
allko-"alPitnies would reduce their fares to a far
Stoo, (kilt than any legislative enactment would com-
-4 cl; The Birmingham Company had, in the Bill
Z4t, tilL Bought for their amalgation, voluntarily
tt,ltai:4lglyes to carry first-class passengers for two-
,Vo) ,s'e, second-class for three halfpence, and third-
a • 4i),Peney.
klteemt)SON wished to know whether they would
ii,,,tait, ti,---(Laughter.)
Vsy „„41-ANGLES—He was not able to say whe-
,N, tta),:°llld do so to Newcastle—(Hear, hear, and
Villl/40 but he did believe a great reduction would
\Ztllaei,,witliout any legislative interference, and to
l, tae,re of non-interference he had been always
•• 1)Alio attribute the prosperity of England.
ZIOLIaZIIER observed that he wished to ask the
Srtoe„-' whether they were prepared to plunge at
ittiesiolVocreased expenditure, being pledged to a
1,4 tho already. When the session com-
. 14001,1,;° Was a very general impression that some
31, -v,'"` be taken by the House with reference to
tINI'4 nothing had as yet been done. The
1/4;114
SNI 40.8..fAiember for Sunderland said that on the
tZt, ember of Bills the deposits would not be paid,
L.'k,eop's,, equently they would be thrown out on the
iiiioa;".c,rst but what was the tact? Up to March the
1 10* 4113vay Bills had passed through that ordeal,
4k4:l!loioete about appearing before it on petition, and
NS bomber rejected since the opening of the
&' Af , %Med to no more than eleven - in the
t, %I of which they had reversed their
,oiltk
\litsi Goa "lad now he did not mean to cast any
tit:l:11 the Committees. On the contrary, he be-
ii,,4841 acted most wisely, and not with any
t„ tl)%tio-„letaess ; but he did urge on the House the
th,t;• of the amount of money necessary to corn-
' 0 lit shout ; he would recommend that
(1; th,llld be introduced putting back the execu-
O. 0 1:,. schemes, some for six, others for twelve,
1 tfittNi'f. ciglateen months, as it might seem mces-
r. ),Latl4o",e dissent he saw expressed by the Chancel-
tktilmhZ it ' consider his proposition. would be adopted.
tpt144.:4, I,„Na stated that fifty millions had been ad-
v4re-i.Way undertakings. During last year the
ttil tstittuad been as much, but there were no
IQ %tie ever for supposing that they would be act-
kwith the interests of the public by
Jett It Similar annual expenditure. That view
fa i„lvaa ably advocated by an authority which
~,,4„,,, ,i. that House would respect, except the
lIL iSNetli b.).211d those who surrounded him—he meant
4S 11d
~.,Re would not, however, trespass longer
Its t ,43',40; toe had no wish to throw any obstruction
Limith'lltild- •"" Propose any amendment to the motion,
ti 41' pr inculcate in the Chancellor of the Exche-
kf'4N to hiuPriety of taking the observations he had
Yslrit,lloll.l3ost serious attentive consideration ; and,
lk leolll4 ter that deliberation to concur. syith. him,.
k 04444, adopt such measures for the limitation of
914t.41P.! to tits might be considered necessary and ad-
-4t:14.4 uNot Public interests.—(Hear, hear.)
,‘f_itt°o:cruftl'N did not think it necessary, as her Ma-
''ki,4te,,,, to dr; t.approved of the appointment of the
ikri is airffoe Lain the House at any length. As the
it to Leh , Sheffield, however, had alluded to a
114:41:11131e .7lich he had made on the subject, he
. thou eee
Pl4t • 4 sa'd
Rouse with a very few observations.
kllethist lth to 1 was, that there were 800 schemes
L "'Uhl bagel Board of Trade, and from the state-
r PttN 4 h Y the Hon. Member, it appeared that
tlNLklittll)sery4,...4 the Standing Orders' Committee.
.!I're', men k 'OTI he made was not as to the num-
tllll,takee to that to the amount of capital embarked.
ifj,•, it to, .tkt I._ ,
Net ...4 Woui,l"e stated that not more than a hun-
tlisgtoi'llatem. debt expended. Now, if he recollected
;V stitibeio-1' LPosited in the Bank of England was
Itti' tell edie g tao amount of deposit which was required
tatitZtaestror.drs to guarantee the bond
,fide nature
k' llltttle 4ted tic'ected ; and this proved that he had not
6,hiltboa, k ' amount. He would now reply to
0 ;ti,. tlclit,. ealber for Sheffield stated in reference
, eo -.4 oof
tit ks 1 ypit Money, which wnlild to, "lace in
tills 'are l''. Ile nit" • . ..,.... ~.... .„ e 0 ee, bu \ -r. t-ilas,a-,, t.t,,Li,,-ex ~,, ,
I%m
. e s dtate before, they should
tne into h
that expenditure. More than