The Sun.
London, England, 1846-10-15 00:00:00

EAST SURREY.

The Revising Barrister sat again yesterday at the
workhouse, Russell-street,Bermondsey, to revise the list
of voters in the only remaining parish, that of St. George,
Southwark.
Forty-eight claims were sent in by the members of
a building society, in respect of four houses. They were
supported by Mr. Russell, the free-trade agent, and the
whole of the claimants were placed upon the list.
On Tuesday an application was made to the Revising
Barrister by Mr. Drummond, the Conservative agent
for the Croydon district, to grant him a case for the
Common Pleas in reference to his decision, with regard
to the cases of several clergymen whose tithes had been
commuted to a rent charge, and whom he had held to be
disqualified on account of there not sending in a fresh
claim upon the altered qualification.
The Revising Barrister refused to grant a case.
The following is a return of the result of the revision,
as given by" the free trade agents:—
CLAIMS.
Failed. I Sustained.
61 552
OBJECTIONS.

Made.
613

_
Made. I With lrawn. I I
Failed. I
Amended. Sustained,
833 103 I 3a_ 460 232

Esh, near Durham, Oct. 8, 1846.
But a few months have-elapsed since the discovery of
the small -.planet Astrma,. the companion of the . small
planets Juno, Ceres, Pallas, and Vesta, already known.
file last few days have brought us the intelligence of the
discovery of another new planet, under circumstances so
unexampled as to form the most brilliant achievement of
theoretical anti practical astronomy. Some -of your
readers may be interested in ,a familiar explanation of
the steps which have led to this interesting discovery.
The motions of all the planets are effected by the gra-
vitation of the planets to one another ; and the places of
the planets in the heavens are computed beforehand, so
that the positions- given by observation can be con-
stantly compared with those previously calculated. Now
the observed motions 'of the planet Uranus, the most.
distant hitherto known in 'our system, when thus com-
pared, were found not to agree with the motions which
the planet would have, after allowing for the influence
of the ltnown planets, and when it was found that the
deviations were far greater than any which could be
ascribed to mere errors of observation, that they were
of a regular character, and of such a nature as would
arise from the action of a still more distant p'a,net,
the attention of astronomers was directed to ascertain
whether the disturbances were such as to point out
the position of the disturbing planet. As long ago as
the year 1842, a communication took place between Sir
John Herschel and the lamented German astronomer,
Bessel, on this subject ; and there is reason to suppose
that some researches on the subject will be found among
Bessel's papers ; for, in a letter written, Nov. 14, 1842,
to Sir J. Herschel, Bessol says, " In reference to our
conversation at Collingwood, I announce to you that
Uranus is not forgotten." The question was, however,
taken up by other astronomers. Le Verrier, in France,
and Mr. Adams, of St. John's College, Cambridge, in
England, each in ignorance of each other's labours, pro-
ceeded to investigate this most intricate question, and
arrived independently at the same conclusion, that the
probable place of the suspected planet was about 325
deg. of heliocentric longitude. This was sufficient to
point out, within certain limits, the part of the heavens
at which the planet, if visible, would be seen ; and, in
consequence, Professor Challis, at Cambridge, for the
last two months, was engaged in mapping the neigh-
bouring stars, with a view of detecting the planet. Sir
John Herschel alluded to the probability that the
planet wonld be detected in the speech which he made
on resigning the chair at the late meeting of the
British Association. Having observed that the last
twelve months has given another new planet to our sys-
tem, he added, "It has done more. It has given us the
probable prospect of the discovery of another. We see
it as Columbus saw America from the shores of Spain.
Its movements have been felt, trembling along the far-
reaching line of our analysis, with a certainty hardly in-
ferior to ocular demonstation."

This eloquent and glowing anticipation of the future
was soon to receive its accomplishment. On the 31st of
August Le Verrier made public the following elements
of the orbit of the supposed planet, deduced by most
laborious calculation from the observed disturLances:—
Semiaxis major
Eccentricity 0,10761 •
Longitude of Perihelion. 284 deg. 45 rein. •
Mean long., Jan. 1,.1847 318 deg. 47 min.
Periudic time 217,317 siderial years.
1

Mass -
3900

He also announcea that the planet, would probably
present a disc of abut 3 sec. in magnitude. This an-
nouncement reached Dr. Galle, at Berlin, - on: the 23d of

September, and on,the same evening Dr. Galle, on com-
paring the stars in Dr. Bremiker's chart with the
heavens, found It star of the eighth magnitude which was
not marked upon the map. The place of this star v‘ as
accurately observed, and on comparing this place with
its position on the following night, its motion, amounting
to about 4 deg. in right ascension, and 30 min. in decli
nation, was-detected ; and this star was proved to be the
expected new planet.
It ought to be noticed that the. new investigations of
Lo Verricr, accompanied with a recommendation to as-
tronomers to search for the planet by examining whether
any star presented a sensible disc, did not reach Cam-
bridge till September 29, and that PrOfesior Challis, on
that very evening, singled out one star, as seeming to
have a disc, and that star was the planet. Thus the
theory, derived by most abstruse calculation, from long-
continued accurate observation, has been completely
verified ; and a triumph has been gained which will go
down to posterity among the most brilliant of astrono-
mical discoveries.

The known boundaries of our planetary system have
thus been nearly doubled; a planet is added to it requir-
ing more than 217 years to complete its revolution round
the sun; and moving in regions so remote as to receive
but 1-1300th part of the light and heat which our earth
enjoys.
It will remain to be discovered whether, as seems most
probable, this planet is accompanied with a train of at-
tendant satellites; whether its motions are in accordance
with the known laws of gravitation; or whether it, in
turn, is to s2rve as the means of a still further extension
of the solar system.
There is one circumstance connected with this new
planet which is too remarkable to be overlooked. It was
long since n ,ticed by Bode, that the distance 'of the
planets from the sun follows a peculiar law, which may
be thus stated—that if the distance of Mercury from the
sun is assumed to be 4, the distance of Venus, the next
planet, is 3 added to 4, or 7; that of the earth, which is
next, is twice 3 added to 4, or 10; and thus, for the re-
maining planets; the distances from each other are
doubled every time, as may be seen from the following
table:—

from
Name of Planet. Distance Difference.
the Sun.
Mercury 4 3
Venus
.
Earth .
Mars
Small Planet 2B 24
Jupiter
Saturn
Uranus .
New Planet

The distance of the new planet, then, approximately
satisfies this very remarkable law ; and the little
stranger is at once recognised as bearing a strong family
likeness to the other members of our system.

The new planet was observed at Durham observatory
Oct. 3 and Oct. 6 ; and the following
Greenwich lireenwieh
mean time. R.A. mean time. H.D.D.
Oct. 3... 8.48 21.52.31.07
Oct. 6...11.88 .20.92 Oct. 6-11.25 6 103.28.55.1
TEMPLE CHEVALLIEIi.

COLLISION on the MANCHESTER

AND BOLTON RAILWAY.

MANCHESTER, WEDNESDAY.—This morning, at a
little before nine o'clock, an alarming collision took place
at the Windsor-bridge station of the Manchester and
Bolton Railway, about two miles from this town. The
Windsor-bridge station is only used on Wednesdays, to
accommodate the butchers and cattle-dealers attending
the great cattle Market at Salford. Besides the Bolton
Company the East Lancashire Railway Company also
make use of the Bolton line as far as Clifton. The
traffic on that portion of the line is consequently very
great. It appears that one of the Bolton trains left that
town this morning at a quarter-past eight o'clock, arrived
at Windsor-bridge at about a quarter before nine
o'clock—a little behind its usual time. The train con-
sisted of an engine, two luggage waggons, and
five passenger carriages. The butchers had just
got out of the carriages when Mr. Woodruffe, the
station-keeper, heard a train arriving, and noticed
one of the East Lancashire Railway Compauy'e trains
approaching along the curve at a rapid rate, He
gave an alarm, and the engineer of the Baton train put
on the steam, in order to get away. The steam being
set on to a full pressure, the jerk occasioned by the
engine being so suddenly put in motion, broke the cou-
pling rod by which the three last carriages bad been
attached to the train, which were, in consequence, left
standing loose, when the East Lancashire train came up
and dashed against the last (a third class) carriage with
a frightful crash. All those carriages were thrown oft
the rail. The one struck was smashd almost to"pleces;
and the other two were so much damaged that they will
bo useless for the future. It appears, not a single pas-
senger received injury worth speaking of, and there was
only one who was so shaken as to be unable to walk. He
was assisted to the Windsor Castle public-house, where,
by the aid of a few stimulants, he speedily rooovered.
The engineer of the East Lancashire train complained
that the slipperyness of the rails was the reason why he
could not stop his train sooner.
A number of workmen having been emit for the broken
nacinda
itlbta obstruction
owereu rs e t
oa kf eanu ahwo au yr , a
creamrroiavgedesin tthheey
The damage done will, we hear, amount to about 4001,
and a strict; inquiry will he instituted into
the accident,

• The Brazilian minister transacted business yesterday
at the Vereiin4Agel

The darlankl, Dover steam-packet, Captain Smithett,
arrived.at Woolwich to. day from Dover, to have some
(lc fcts made good, which she sustained by touching
Dover Harbour.
Captain Houston Stewart, C. 8., Superintendent of her
MrjeAty's dockyard, Woolwich, is on leave at present.
Commodore Sir Francis A. Collier, C. 8., and K.C.11, „
visitird Woolwich dockyard to-day, and z.unain.d ann.o
time at the office.

APPOINTMENTS,
Thomas Johnston, Master in Command, to the An-
dromaehe.
C. A. Jenkins, Clerk in Charge, to the Andromache.
William Broad, Boatswain, to the /Ealns.
Robert Pote, Carpenter, to the 2Eolus - -
Joseph Deighton, Gunner, to the Andromache.
James Luke, Boatswain, to the Andromache.
Richard Hardy, Carpenter, to the Andromache.
George Russell, Acting First Engineer Supernumerary,
to the William and Mary.
1). C. 0. Slaughter, Midshipman, to the Queen.
George Boniton, Second Engineer, to the William
and Mary.
- Willoughby W. Howell, Naval Cadet, to the Rattle-
snake.

• '
PROMOTIONS.
Peter Craeroft,Lieutenant, to be Commander.
Thomas Eyre, Commander, to be retired Captain.
Henry Leslie Grove, Lieutenant, to be retired Com-
mander.

ADMIRALTY, OCT. 13.
APPOINTMENTS.
Edmund Edward Tumour, Lieutenant, to the Por-
cupine.

E. L. B. Williams, Master's-Assistant, to the Sidon.
H. G. Thomsett, Master's-Assistant to the Sidon.
U. W. Gifford, Captain, to the Penelope.

THE GRELtT WESTERN'S LAST
VOYAGE.
_ .

. The following account of the voyage of the Great
Western will show the imminent peril she experienced.
She sailed hence on the 12th ult.:— •
" On Saturday, the 19th, the wind began to freshen,
and iu the evening had increased to a gale. On Sunday
the fore staysail was split and the vessel lay to under
bare poles. At'Uur P.M. the wind had increased to a
heavy storm, aid a great quantity of water got into the
engine room. The passengers in the morning assembled
in the cabin, seriously alarmed at the dangers that en-
compassed them. At eleven a heavy sea broke over the
starboard wheel house, and started the ice house and iron
life boat from their fastenings.
" The wind was veering northward, and they attempt-
ed to wear ship, but were obliged to desist, meantime the
scpraresails blew away. The lee quarter boats were torn
away from the davits by a heavy lee lurch, and the
others seemed likely to follow. At noon the storm still
raged in all its fury, and a heavy sea striking the lar-
b'oar.l paddle-box, smashed it to atoms, sprung the spring
beam ..and shattered the parts of the ship attached
thereto. A splinter struck the Captain on the head, and
would have knocked him overboard, but he was caught
in the nettings.
" The water was gaining on the pumps ; all the
hatches were battened clown except those used in pump-
ing into the engine-room, and the weather continued the
same until midnight, when there was a lull of half an
hoar.

" The sails were blown from their furls and st!..eamed
out to leeward in ribbons. But about one o'clock a
sea struck the vessel and a tremendous crash followed
torrents of water deluged the cabin through the skylight.
The passengers in total darkness, sprang to their feet,
and a scream of agony told the terrible apprehensions
that prevailed. The crash was caused by the wave which
swept the quarter-deck of all the wood-work upon it.
" Night closed in, the wind increasing in fury. The
whole ocean was covered with foam. In the eveuing the
Rev. Mr. Balch administered the sacrament to about 60
persons. The scene was most solemn and impressive.
" On Monday the storm still raged with, 'terrific fury
till eight in the morning, when the clouds began to
break, and the squalls were less severe. The ship's head
was got to the N.W., and the yards hauled around. At
noon the storm ceasd, and at 2 P.M. the sea abated, the
storm having lasted 36 hours.
" At half past five on Monday morning the vessel was
in the greatest danger from a tornado, which buried the
gunwales of the ship in the sea. At this critical mo-
ment the engine was true to its duty, and brought the
ship up to her course. The wind had veered 20 points
in 36 hours.

" On Tuesday morning all assembled in the cabinf-
when religious services were performed by Rev. Drs.
Smucker, Beecher, Balch and other clergymen on board.
A meeting of the passengers was also held, Archibald
Gracie, Big., being called to the chair, and resolutions.
were adopted suited to the circumstances of the case.
" A letter of thanks to the Captain and other officers •
Of the ship was also drawn up; and the suni of 2001. was
raised to present to the officers and crew, of which the
Captain was asked to accept 801. A fund was also
started for the support of the widows and children of
those who perish at sea, to be called, The Great Wes- .•
tern Fund.' "

THE GREAT BRITAIN STEAMER.--All the
made to get this fine vessel off -the sands at Dundrum
Bay having failed, Captain Hosken, on Tuesday, had all
her sails set, and drove her higher up on the beach, as
she was then making two feet of water more per hour
than the pumps could keep free. From the latest accounts,
it appears that all chance of getting the Great Britain off
is nearly at an end. It is supposed she must at least
wait fur the high tides of the spring. A protecting
breast work is to be constript.,l -
map pile DAS been insurea in London for about 20,0001.
An insurance has also, it seems, been effected in Glas-
gow. but to what extent we do not know.- It is, how--
ever, believed that the whole insurances fall far short of
her cost—that is, about 120,0001.; and beyond this, we
hear that the underwriters refuse• to pay, on the,
ground that the vessel was lost through gross negligence.
The position of the Great Britain, down to Friday last,
was then nothing better, and the spring tides having
passed away without the efforts made during their con-
tinuance having been attended with slice. ss, the dtstrue-
tion, to a very great extent, of this fine property, is
almost inevitable. Her condition is described as bad,
no loss than 14 feet of water in the hold.—Liverpool
Courier.

IRON VESSRLS.—ADVANTAGES Or WATER-TIGHT
COMPARTMENTS.—A letter from Falraorah to the Liver-
pool underwriters, &abet 9th Oototr, contains the fol-
lowing passage:—" Thp Rattler 'steamer, from Cork to
London, full of water in after parts, and chiefly so in the
hold, the fore compar%zilit only keeping her afloat, has
been run on the mud,' and cargo being taken out, all
soaked. She sprung a leak on the 7th instant, soon after
leaving Cork. Among the passengers thus miraculously
saved :wok) Oaptain Robert Foster, R.N., Mrs. Foster,
and Messrs. Frederick, George, and Laton Foster."

--p------11- - ---
Die memoirs of this rem 1, ....110MAS ..,LARKSON."--—az--
able man published by our contemporaries, omit to men-
den that he was a clergyman of the Established ChP:tch.
Such nevertheless is the fact. He was made deacon in
with
veryry
considerable
connexionh he
i mb imbibed
d
to early life, but his exertions in the cause of etr:ancipation
mny estimable
Q broughtuakers ,
wextent. The consequence was, that *dropped the title
hhimoseivniteows
of reverend, and ceased to officiate Ett; a clergyman.--
Cambridge Advertiser.

•
It is in ()contemplation, we hear, that Government
gehoQlll of Design sbliil be established in Dublin and
Belfast. The carefully-adjusted institution of such
moans ofeJnieral and artistic improvement would, as we
need scarcely say, b© reckoned among the worthy ef-
forts for the moral and statistical welfare of the sister
country.— Athoteum.
STREET ROBBERlES.—Yesterday the police received
inforniation that Mr. Armstrong, of 11, Brett-street, St..
George's in the -East, was robbed between Lombard:-
street and Alark-lane, of a pocket-book, containing five
Built of England notes for 51., and a number of bills of
exchange. Also, that Mr. Yardle, of Cannon-street,
had been plundered of his pocket-book, containing rail-
way shares and scrip, and cheques to the amount of 700/.
CITY IMPROVEMENTS, -Notice has been given
that all the houses in Old Broad-street and Leadenhall-
street, between the Hall of Conamerce and the Royal
Exchange; are forthwith to be delaolished, preparatory
to tilb projected improvement*,

MR.
HISTORY OF THE LANDED GENTRY
IS NOW CO3II'LETED.
la 2 royal Svo. volumes, price 2/. 10s. bound.
Orders received by all Booksellers.
N.B. Purchasers of single Parts or Volumes are advised to
complete their sets immediately, as they will only
for a short time. be sold soparately
Henry C',lburn, Publisher, 12, Great 3larlborough:street.

NEW WORK BY J. FENIMORE. COOPER, ESQ.
Nov ready at all the Libraries, in 3 vels. post two.,
RA YENS NE S T;
Or, THE RED SKINS.
By J. FENIMORE COOPER,
Anther of " The Pilot," " The Prairie," " The Decrslayer." &c.
- " One of the ablest productions of the gr. at American novelist."
—Sun. _ .