The Sun.
London, England, 1846-10-28 00:00:00

IRELAND.

DUBLIN, OCT. 25.—There is little or no intelligence
in the provincial papers received to-day; and, as a num-
ber of hands are now actually employed by the Board of
Works, and measures are being taken to insure speedy
and profitable labour in those districts where the demand
for it is most urgent, it is to be hoped that ere long—
no mischievous influences interposing—the accounts will
be of a less gloomy character than they have uniformly
been for the last three months.

The Navan Relief Committee having memorialised the
Board of Works for an increase of wages to the labourers
employed by the board, received the following very
proper reply :
" Office of Public Works, Dublin, 04. 17.
".Sir,—l have to acknowledge the receipt of the me-
morial of the board of guardians of the Navan Union,
praying for an increase of wages to the labourers em-
ployed under the Board of Works.
"And in reply I am directed to inform you, that the
Board earnestly press upon the- board of guardians the
advantage which will result, not only to the country,
but to the labourers themselves, from the adoption of the
measured work, by which alone higher wages can be ob-
tained, and trust they may call on the board of guardians
for their aid and co-operation, and for their influence in
explaining the subject to the people.
" I am, Sir, your obedient servant,
"JOSEPH C. WALKER, Secretary.
•
" Henry Meredyth, Esq."
Mr. O'Connell had published in the Cork Reporter a
very long address to " The Steadfast Moral Force Re-
peelers of the City of Cork," in which he expatiates upon
the advantages of moral, over physical force, and dis-
cusses with extreme prolixity the resolutions in favour ,
of " Young Ireland ' which had been carried in Cork.
He thus concludes :

" Fur the present, I content myself with declaring
my unalterable- adhesion to the full strength, form,
and pressure of - the moral-force doctrine. For two
reasons : _ _ _

"First.—My thorough conviction that political in-
stitutions cannot be safely, wisely, or securely amelior-
ated by any other than moral and peaceable means.
"Secondly.--That any concession now made to the.
Young Ireland party (if there were to be concessions at
their side, which they have not been asked for) might
easily be construed by a Dublin jury into an accession to
a principle involving deep guilt.
" The Association, therefore, cannot concede ; and, if

it could, it ought not ; leaving time to develop the fatuity
and folly of those who now seek conciliation by lauding
and maintaining; those who are in the wrong—nam( ly,
the supporters of the physical force principle ; while
they assail and vituperate those whom they admit to
he in the right—the maintainers of the moral force
doctrine."

THE ARMY.

SHIPS AND TROOPS ARRIVED IN INDIA.

The Anne Armstrong, with the head-quarters of the
Bth Regiment of Foot, about which some anxiety had
been felt, arrived safe at Bombay, August 28.
The Poictiers, with the head-quarters of the 24th
Regiment, arrived at Calcutta, August 26; and the
British Sovereign and Edmondsbury, with detachments
of the 32d Regiment, arrived at Calcutta, the first August
22, and the second August 28, and the Duchess of Nor-
thumberland arrived the same day.
The following other transports have arrived at Cal-
cutta .—The Timandra, Aug. 14 ; Livingstone and
Queen, 16 ; Success. 17 ; Semarang and Bland, 18 ;
Amity, 20 ; British Sovereign, 22 ; and Salsette, 30.
The Cornwall, transport, arrived at the Cape of
Good Hope from Cork, en the 28th August, with the
following officers and men, seventy-four days on her
passage :—Cornet N. de la Cherois, and 10 men, her
Majesty's 7th Dragoon Guards ; Captain Brooke, Lieu-
tenant Queade, Ensigns Garner, Herrick, White, and
Lalor, and 112 men, of her Majesty's 12th Foot; Lieu-
tenants Ewart and Russel, Ensigns Ora and Blyth,
and 51 men, of her Majesty's 35th Regiment ; Lieu-
tenant-Colonel Erskine, Ensigns Fleming and-Grantham,
and 41 men, of her Majesty's 45th Regiment ; Ensign
Ramsay and 41 men of her Majesty's 73d Regiment ;
Ensign Minchin and 74 men of her Majesty's 95th Regi-
ment ; 31 men of her Majesty's 15th Regiment ; Cap-
tain Molina, Ceylon Rifles ; Lieutenants Gossett and
Cooke;' Royal Engineers Assistant-Surgeon Millenger,
Staff ; four ladies, and eleven women arid children. The
drajts for the troops serving at the Cape were trans-
ferred to 'her Majesty's ship Apollo, for conveyance to
Algoa. Bay, en route to the frontier, and the transpori
was about to proceed to the Mauritius and Ceylon.
Major Goodman, 27th; Major .Creagh, 87th; Brevet
Major Bainbrigge, Fort Adjutant at Guernsey; Captains
Hennis and Mundy, Royal Artillery, gazetted on Tues-
day last, the first three to the rank of lieut.-colonel, the
other two to the rank of major in the army, had been in
command on her Majosty's recent visit to Guernsey.
A troop of the Bth Hussars, under Captain Lord Kil-
leep, were out in the direction of Cappoquin, and returned
to.Dungarvan with twenty one prisoners, engaged in in-
timidating the farmers to eive up con-acre money.
We (Limerick Chronicle) have been requested to state,
on behalf of the gentry and other inhabitants of Killaloe,
their great regret at the departure of the detachment of
the 66th Regiment, stationed for the last thirteen months
that place,
at &tiring which period the officers and men
by their 'peaceable, orderly, and
correct conduct on all
effectually gained the esteem and respect of all classes,
occasions, a single complaint. during that length of time
having never been brought ebefiii-e the local authorities
against against any one.. connected with this distinguished
.A detachment of the 87th Royal Irish Fusiliers, under
the command of Captain Rich, marched from Pembroke
to- Newcastle-Emlyn, where they are •to be stationed.
A"detachment of the same regiment have also marched
for Cardigan, • commanded' by Unit. Patterson. On
Tuesdny the detachment which is to be stationed in
Cirmarthen amounting to about 170 strong, arrived
under the command of Captain Kidd. They are a fine
solder-like body of men. and will, we have no doubt, with
the example of their officer, emulate the unexceptionable
conduct of the-87th,-just left.

'imonos, (In-r:•24.-2-The Columbia, Merriman, from
Liverpool to Philadelphia, got on shore on St. John's Point
last night, it is- feared Ivill•becomt a wreck—part of cargo
thrown overboard. •
•ESCAPE'lliok SI/Et/FPS' OFFICE/M.—A few even-
ings since the following extraordinary scene occurred at
the General Post-office in St. Martin's-le-grand:—
Shortly after six o'clock, while Remington, one of the
porters, was on duty at the northern or newspaper
entrance into the office, and while the folding gates
were opened for the reception of the masses of
bags -of papers • collected from the several offices
of the -newsvenders- throughout the metropolis, a
man, apparently respectably dressed, rushed past
the officer into the letter carriers' office. No sooner
was he perceived than Remington followed in chase of
him, and finding that the party had darted into the
mid-
dle of the office, he proceeded towards the opening
tween the letter carriers' and the sorting office for the
letters; but whilst there engaged, the porter found that
two Other men were standing in the doorway, and b:clc--
oning him to go to them. Not knowing what to
make of a circumstance of so unwatel a character,
the officer returned to the ch-or, and upon questioning
the newly arrived parties, they told him they were
sheriff,'• officers, and that the man who had entered
the office-was n party of whom they were in pursuit;
and . whO; having caught sight of them, had "bolted "
into the office. While the porter was thus.engaged, the
intruder rushed through the numerous body of clerks,
messengers, &c., who were then busily engaged, in the
dispatch of the evening mails, t' hen eventually he sud::
denly came to a stand still, as if stunned in the midst
of range of sorting tables with which the
office is :filled. For' a minute or so-his appearance
was not noticed, but immediately afterwards one of the
officers, perceiving the man did not belong to the esta-
blishment, requested him to leave the office. Glad of the
opportunity to escape by any other way than by the one
through which he had entered, he followed the messen-
ger to the eastern outlet of the office. opposite to the
front entrance to Goldsmith's Hall, thus leaving his pur-
suer many yards distant from him, and in total ignorancc
of his escape.

The printed address stated that they were called to-
gether "inconsequence of the alarmingly high price of
bread 'and • meat• throughout the country, the actual
existence of-famine in Ireland, and apprehension cf
its greater' extension during the forthcoming winter
from a dearth" of" provisions, and the confession
of her Majesty's Government of the necessity for
national prayers to diminish or avert the consequent im-
pending evils which on all sides menace the United King-
dom." The principal
object of the meeting, however,
was to hear an address from Mr. Cochrane, of Devon-
shire-place, with " the earnest endeavour to create such a
rr aniff station of public sympathy and anxiety for the
sufferings of the poorer classes throughout the country
as will lead to the Government removing, without delay,
all duties on every kind of food essential to human
wants."
A. Ramsey,Esq., was, in the absence of Sir William
.
Bayne, appointed to the chair.
Mr.:COCHRANE, who was received with loud applause,
then proceeded to address the meeting. At such a
crisis, when bread, meat, and the common necessaries
of life were at an enormous price, and the probability of
the price being still greater increased, on account of the
impending famine in this country and Ireland and Scot-
land, he considered that it was the duty of every one,
however humble his abilities,,to come forward and do all
in his power to alleviate it, and to explain how that
alleviation might best be effected.—(Hear.) In such e-
state of things, the accuracy of which was left beyond
doubt by the .Order of Council fbr—prayers to the
Almighty to avert the impending evils of scarcity,
he considered it was the duty of a Christian
Minister of a free country at one stroke of the pen to
open the ports and admit the products of other coun-
tries necessary for the sustenance of the inhabitants of
this free of duty.—(Loud cheers.) Ministers were no
doubt in the habit of reading " holy writ," and were
no dcubt aware of the the text which said, "That those
who withhold bread from the poor should be cursed."—
(Cheers.) Any laws which prevented the free inter-
change of commodities, and which put money in the
pockets of the rich at the expense of the poor, could not
be otherwise than unchristian. The prayer which had
been issued besought the Almighty not to allow the
poor to perish from famine, and attributed the scarcity
to a judgment for the sins of the people; but the people
deserved great praise for their: -forbearance under
scarcity and under stringent restrictive laws, instead of
attributing the scarcity to their sills; for, but for those
restrictive laws, there would have been abundance, instead
of scarcity, and cheapness instead of dearness.—(Cheers.)
But there was little necessity for the Archbishop of Can-
terbury to frame a prayer for the occasion when there
was a prayer in their prayer-books which thanked the
Almighty for bestowing the produce of the earth upon
all the people of the earth, irrespective of condition. The.
fluctdations in the price of wheat during a few years,
from 395. to 115 s. per quarter ought to have taught Minis-
ters ere this to place no faith in fallacious imposts.—
(Cheers.) But the poor had everbeen sacrificed to class
legislation, to the rich, who were indifferent to the wants
and struggles of the poor, who ground their faces to the
earth, and raised the price of their bread. The poor
were subjected to the influence of an unnatural poor-
law, which was based upon this atrocious formula—reduce
the food in quantity and quality, and then so regulate
out-door relief as to supersede the necessity for it at all.
He then referred to the case at Peckham, where a wo-
man, for a small fault, had, one of her teeth knocked
out. The man was tried, the Poor Man's Guardian So-
cif ty prosecuting, but by some means or other he was
acquitted.—(Shame.) Then a case occurred in St.
Giles's, where a poor man had been subjected to the
harsh system pursued in that union was not allowed to
have either the solicitor or secretary present at the board
to defend his case.—(A voice, "That was all humbug.")
Meetings would shortly be held there, and he should be
happy to afford those who doubted him an opportunity
of proving there that his statement was not founded in
fact. The scarcity was a judgment upon the Govern-
ment for passing laws bearing harshly upon the poor, and
a judgmenron the rich for making those laws more
stringent ; and the scarcity was not a judgment,
but a warning to the GOvernment, not to attempt to re-
gulate the-seasons, but-to afford the poor the produce of
the earth at a fair rate. What a mockery it was for
many of the poor of Ireland and Scotland to pray for
their daily bread," when they did not taste bread
from year to year.--(llear, hear, end cheers.) After
defending the poor from the charge of bad conduct
hich was frequently made against them, and citing the
good conduct of those employed by the philanthropic,
he concluded by submitting a memorial to the Lords of
the Treasury, -eloquently calling upon them on account
of the present distress of-the people immediately to issue
an Order in Council admitting bread—the proper food
of man, and not potatoes—into this country, and all
other necessaries of life, free, as a step to their imme-
d' at e repeal.
The memorial was unanimously adopted by the meeting.
A Mr. Griffiths, a young man wearing a Byronic
collar and white trousers, endeavoured to address the
meeting, but as his address was without purpose, and
as he seemed " beside himself," the meeting most de-
cidedly refused to hear him, and after retaining his posi-
tion for some minutes, the Chairman politely requested
him to withdraw, but as he continued to treat both him
and the meeting with contempt, the Chairman collared
him and thrust him from the platform. We have fre-
quently seen the young gentleman disturb meetings in a
similar manner.

Mr. A. CAMPBELL next addressed the meeting, and
proclaimed himself a disciple in the cause—as desirous
to see free trade carried out in all the nations of the
earth—to see the people enjoy its fruits, for the land was
theirs,e
and should belong to them.—(Cheers.) The
Times
within the last few days, proclaimed that the
people of had an antecedent right to the land of
h o
country over those who now possessed it. But,
wile ihs had, e
all the distress here, we were even an exporting
their
el
country,. and would remain So as long as its proprietors
could get 10s. more a quarter for it, unless it were for-
bidden by legislative enactments.— (Cheers.) He wished
to impress upon Mr. Cochrane, who was a good friend
to the poor—(Cheers)—that even when cheap food was
attained, something must be done to enable the poor to
buy it—(Cheers)—something must be done to afford
them, reproductive profitable employment.—(Hear.) Let
steps be taken to cultivate this country; for if it were
properly cultivated, it would yield food for 120 millions.
He did not wish to add any amendment to the memorial,
but he wished to submit to the meeting a sentiment to
this effect—that in order to obviate such distress for the
future in Ireland, for instance, the Government was
bound to adopt rational measures, in order to give them
reproductive labour in their native land, to cultivate
waste lands, and to issue Exchequer-bills to defray the
expense. The process was one w.,ich would yield them
an ample return. He resumed his seat amidst much
cheering.

Mr. FARREN advocated a fuller representation of the
people as the best means of freeing them from the in-
fluence of injurious laws and the machinations of those
who were speculating on their misery, by keeping food
out of the market in order to create a scarcity, and con-
sequently regulate the price by regulating the quantity.
Mr. WYNN supported the memorial, and cited pas-
sages from Scripture to show that the Government, who
prof.essed themselves believers of " holy writ," were
acting in direct contradiction to its spirit, and that they
ought to act in accordance with the word of God, and
let the oppressed go free."
Mr. -WILLIS next addressed the meeting, which sepa-
rated after passim a vote of thanks to the Chairman and
Mr. Cochrane; Several names were appended to the
memorial. -

. . _
A company .has undertaken to convey passengers
from the Star, Edgware-road, to the Pine Apple, Hee-
gerford-n3arket, for 2d. eside,
IblavY GALES.—We have been visited during the
week-by a stocession of more stormy weather than
generally occurs at this time of the year, the wind at
times blowing a complete hurricane. Several accidents
that have
happened to the shipping are reported else-
wbere.—Caernarron Herald. N
Ma. C. N.
_ EWDEGATE, M.P.—We are happy to
state that Mr.- Newdegate, although still suffering
severely from the fall from his horse while hunting in
Warwickshire on Friday last, is progressing favourably,
and not the slightest apprehension of fatal consequences
is now' entertained. The Hon. Gentleman is at his seat,
Arbury Hall, -near Nuneaton, where he was removed
some few hours after the accident occurred. It is sup-
poied the casualty will occasion Mr. Newdegate's ab-
sence from
,the._ meeting of the Warwickshire Agricul-
tural Protection Society on Wednesday next. The
accident to Mr. Newdegate has created great concern
among. the electors of the northern division of the county
of Warwick, by whom he is, as a pr •
ivate gentleman,
much and deservedly respected.
INCENDIARY FIRE AT THE To_we4 ra,
m:, SHEF-
FIELD.—AbOUt half-past one o'clock on Saturday morn-
' • . fire was discovered in one of the cells underneath
mg? a
alarm was
the ToWi-:. Hall. An instantly given, and one
of.the engines beleagtng to the Sheffield Fire Office was
on, the. spot before a. vore of re rsons had time to con-
gregate, and the fire was subdued before it had extended
beyond
h 11 in which it originated. It appears that a
t..eue
man named Thomas Gillman had been brought in drunk,
a short time before, charged with creating a disturbance
at -Mrs. Askey's, in Watson's-walk, and was placed in a
cell under the office, usually occupied by disorderlies. He
had not long taken possession of his quarters when the
office-keeper heard him bawling out that he was cold,
anti wanted a fire ; and on visiting him found that the
straw in the cell WAS in a blaze. The drunken keen-
diary (who had. it appears, set fire to tiag straw with
lueifer matches), and four other prisoners from adjoin-
ing cells, were conveyed to Mr. Fordham's, the Black
Rock, and left in, charge of officers. It was a fortu-
nate circumstance that the police had the presence of
mind to remove the prisoners from the locality where
the fire originated, or the consequences might have
proved fatal, owing to the suffocating smoke which filled
their cells and other placei on the ground floor.

GLASGOW, SATURDAY EVENING.—The sudden intima-
tion from the new directors of this railway that, from
and after the .l€th proximo, the Sunday passenger
trains on this line are to be discontinued, has been re-
ceiied by the great body of the public, both in Edin-
burgh and Glasgow, alike with surprise and dissatisfac-
tion. This feeling pervades to a very large extent not
only the business community, but a vast portion of the
be-st and most pious men in both cities, who regard the
resolution as the triumph of intolerance and bigotry
over enlightenment and sound sense. The facts are
these:—Since the 21st of February, 1842, when the rail-
way was opened, up to the present time, two trains have
left each end daily—that is, morning and evening, the
present hours being 8 a.m. and 5 P.m., thus allowing
every servant of th company to attend Divine service if
he felt inclined. Moreover, the trains have been uni-
versally conducted 'n the most orderly manner, gene-
rally carrying country people from the villages to
the town churches, or ycung men engaged in
the respective cities to visit their parents,
whose residences might be situated in the
neighbourhood of the line. For instance, hundreds
of Roman Catholics have been in the habit for two
years past of coming every Sunday from Campsie and
Kirkintilloch to attend Divine worship in the chapels
in Glasgow ; and, indeed, Christians of all denomina-
tions have been wont to use these trains to attend the
ministration of clergymen according to their respective
creeds. They have never been required or used as trains
intended for the purposes of pleasure or recreation. They
have, in thousands of instances, subserved the ends of
those who travelled on errands of necessity and mercy ;
and, at the same time, have been of incalculable service
to tourists and commercial travellers. But by this reso-
lution all communication between the two sides of the
islanid,'having a population of 350,000 at the western
terminus, and 200,000 at the eastern, is now to be en-
tirely stopped one day in seven ; and thus, instead of
going forward, we are retrograding to the practice of the
days of our great-grandfathers. Up to the opening of
the railway the mail coach ran regularly on the Sunday,
a post-chaise could be got when desired ; but every con-
veyance of this kind has been long driven off the road ;
and those, therefore, who feel a necessity to travel on
Sunday, are now utterly helpless,
This running of Sunday trains has certainly been the
vexed ijaestion of the railway ; but on no former occasion
have the directors taken it upon themselves to settle it. It
has always been left in the hands of the shareholders.
At every successive half-yearly meeting Sir •Andrew
Agnew, with his friends, has appeared to move the dis-
continuance of those trains ; but uniformly his motions
have been defeated by majorities varying from three to
seven against one. It was often publicly and authorita-
tively stated at these meetings of the company that there
was a majority of the Scottish shareholders in favour of
this moderate amount of railway traffic on the Sunday,
irrespective of the English proxies altogether. Mr.
Leadbetter, the first chairman of the company, was
averse to these Sunday trains, and resigned on account
of them. Mr. Learmonth, the ousted chairman of the
late ousted directors, was equally opposed to them ; but
they were carried on by both in deference to the wishes
of the shareholders. The new Anglo-Scottish board has,
however, knocked them on the head, without saying any-
thing to the shareholders on the matter. It appears that
the English deputation, which was headed by Mr.
Cheethain of Manchester, and Which drove the former
directors from office, have associated with themselves in
the new direction several gentlemen who are prominent
members of the Free Church—such as Mr. H. Dunlop of
Craigton, Mr, Hogg of Newliston, &c., and Mr. Hen-
derson of Park, who, though a member of another dis-
senting body, was the first chairman of the Evangelical
Alliance ; and ,to this connexion must be traced the
removal of the very modest and moderate allowance of
railway accommodation which the Scottish public en-
joyed on the Sunday. The general impression here is
that many good men oppose the Sunday trains from
conscientious motives, but that the larger number de-
claim against them to support a character of " I am
holier than thou art." And the people here con-
sider it the " unkindest cut of all " that they should be
deprived by means of tho usually liberal minded Eng-
lishmen of a privilege which the latter enjoy so largely
themselves, and the use of which in Scotland has been
gpirtonvleadad mratterraltioty. help than
publicanto are
ermof tchoeucrasueseroesforlevelid-
to resist the resolution which has been ccme to ; and
the question is likely to give rise to greater discord than
this divided company has yet seen. In other respects
the new, directors are making every effort to meet the
wants of the public, by ordering new engines, car-
riages, &c.