The Sun.
London, England, 1848-02-04 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON,

13, Great Marlborough-street.
-1/1- R COLBUR N'S NEW PUBLI-
C TIONS.

JUST READY.

I.
KING ARTHUR. By the Author of " The Nov Timon." Post
Bvo , ss,

THE COURT and TIMES of JAMES I. Edited by the Althea'
of " Memoirs of Sophia Dorothea." 2 vols., Esvo.
111.
ANGELA. A Novel. By the Author of " Emilia Wyndham,"
&c. 3 vols.
THE FOLLOWING ARE NOW READY.
IY.
REMINISCENCES of PRINCE TALLEYRAND ; with Extracts
from his Political Writings. 2 vols., with Portrait.

JAMES THE SECOND. An Historical Romance. Edited by
W. IL Ainsworth, Esq. 3 vols., with Illustrations.

. .
I.
MEMOIRS of MADEMOISELLE DE MONTPENSIER,
Written by Herself. 3 vols., with Portrait.
N 11.
ADVENTURES of a MEDICAL STUDENT. By the late R.
DOUGLAS, Surgeon, R.N. With a Memoir of the Author. 3 vols.
VIII.
LEONORA. A Love Story. 3 vols.
"In Leonora' Lady Boothby has proved the universality of her
talent in depicting character, both as a novelist and an actress."—
Jerrold's Paper,
Ty

ZOOLOGICAL RECREATIONS. By W. J. Broderip, Esq.
F.R.S., &c. 1 vol., 10s. 6d. bound.
X.

EMILIA WYNDHA'3I. CHEAP EDITION. Forming the New
Volume of " Colburn's Standard Novels."
Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street.

ACTON WARBURTON, ESQ.
Just ready, in 2 vols. post Bvo , with Engravings,
ROLLO AND HIS RACE;
Or,

FOOTSTEPS OF THE NORMANS.
By ACTON WARBURTON, Esq.
Richard Bentley, New Burlington-Street,
(Publisher in Ordinary to her Majesty).

MEETING OF PA RL LAMENT

rilE W.e.ATHE/{.—Sun OFFICE, FEB. 4.
CHFRM)METER, Lowest, 35 ; Highest, 41 ; Noon. 42,
BAROMETER, 30.2.—W1ND S.S.W.; hazy, with rain.

'i;A#ll WATER AT LONDON-BRIDGE THIS DAY.
Ironing.. 26 minutes after 1. 'Evening .. 60 minutes after 1.

Brazil. The High Tory leader of the Protectionists
takes avowedly as his model the Locofoco President
of the American republic, and attempts to justify his
proposed scheme of piracy and robbery by
quoting, as a precedent, the Yankee invasion
of Mexico. There is, notwithstanding, a certain
degree of consistency about Lord GEORGE BENTINCH
and we are not surprised at finding the apologist
for the massacres in Gallicia, and the defender
of the spoliators of Cracow, coming forward with a
proposition for the perpetration of a snug little
bit of territorial robbery on his own account. Of
one admission, however, which was made by Lord
GEORGE BENTINCL, and by which his clients are
equally bound, for it was evident that they also
made the same admission, we take especial note.
He asks for protection against all sugar,
free labour as well as slave labour. Like
an honest man, as he is, he hates a sham, and
knowing that the morality crotchet about the distinc-
tion between free-labour sugar and slave-labour sugar
is a sham, and was never intended by Lord SANDOZ(
and those who supported him for any thing else but
a sham, he at once gives it up. This debate, even if

. _
it should lead to no other result, has done good service
by consigning this sham to the tomb of the Ca-
pulets.

We yesterday pointed out some of the advantages

possessed by the Australian colonies for the purposes
of emigration, and particu:arly alluded to the great
demand for labour, which enables the emigrant to
obtain immediate employment, with such remunera-
tion as would place him in the enjoyment of all the
comforts suitable to his condition, and far more than

he had ever possessed at home. The colonists would also
have their chief wants supplied, and be enabled at
once to obtain the labour necessary for the due de•
velopment of the resources of their country, and an
opportunity for the profitable disposal of the surplus
stock of provisions, which are now wasted and

lost for want of consumers. There is also an
abundance of land remaining unoccupied from
the deficiency of population ; so that any well

disposed and industrious man might in a few

years save and lay by a sum of money sufficient
to enable him to become a landed proprietor, and to

cultivate his own farm for his ovi, n use. A very few
plain facts will prove the facility with which this
desideratum may be attained. We find that Australia
is nearly as large as Europe, and yet that the inha-
bitants of this vast territory do not equal in number
those of a third class English county. That the pro-

portion of population to the area is in Ireland as
3,600 to 1, and in England as 3,120 to 1; or, in
other words, that each Australian has a quantity of
land equal to that enjoyed by 3,600 Irish or 3,120

English. This will appear from the fact that in Ire-
land there are 300 persons for each square mile, and

in England 260; while in Australia there are 12
square miles for each individual. The land, too, is
of the most fertile description, which would yield
ample returns for the amount of labour that may be
expended thereon; in fact, the inferior soils need not
be brought into cultivation for very many years.
We have as yet only pointed out the benefits to
two classes, the emigrants themselves and the co-

lonists, from selecting Australia ; but ,►,there is ano-
ther, of no less importance, viz., the advantages to
We parent state, which more than counterbalance the

expenditure that might be required from the Govern-
ment to grant the necessary assistance. We find that
there is no part of the world which takes one-half the
amount of British manufactures, in proportion to its
population, as Australia, while it also supplies us, in
return, with the largest amount of the raw material
used in one of our principal manufactures, and, with
a little encouragement, cotton also might be produced
in great quantities, as there arp boundless tracts of

land well adapted for its easy and rapid
growth —so that we might in time be-
come independent of America in that most
essential article. Its mineral treasures are also
most abundant; very valuable mines have recently
been discovered, and others may be hoped for. The
consumption of British manufactures by each inha-
bitant of Australia may be calculated at from 71. to
101. annually, while each person in the United States
takes only to the amount of ss. ad. One emigrant
to Australia, therefore, is equally valuable in occasion-
ing a demand for the products of our national in-
dustry as thirty to the United States, or four to
Canada, even if those sent to the latter country
remained there. But it is well known that fully one-

half have crossed the frontier and established them

selves in the United States, so that we cannot hope
that those who may be sent to the British possessions
in North America will remain permanently under our
laws and institutions. Within the last 22 years
no less than 800,000 British subjects have
become citizens of the United States ; they have
there consumed to the value of 200,0001. per annum
of our manufactures, whereas had the same numbers
gone to Australia, the demand would have amounted
to no less than 6,000,000/. sterling per annum. Our
manufacturers may readily conceive what extraordi-
nary advantages they would derive from so beneficial
a connexion.

America, too, is becoming to a certain exten
overstocked. Regulations have been adopted in the
United States to check the flood of emigration
thither, at least of those classes whom it would be
desirable for this country to send away. Active and
intelligent men, possessed of a moderate capital, are
received with open arms, but destitute paupers will
not now be welcomed as heretofore; while well-
founded remonstrances have been forwarded from
Canada at the distressed multitudes which
have arrived, and whom it is necessary to main-
tain in idleness for at least a year before they
can support themselves by their own exertions. The
numbers that went to Canada have been as greatly
too many, as those to New South Wales have been
too few for the requirements of the colony. Within
the first nine months of the last year 240,000 persons
have crossed the Atlantic, rn amount more than
equal to the whole Australian population, while only
100 have gone to New South Wales.
What, then, can he the causes that have led to this
extraordinary preference, when every circumstance
is so greatly in favour of the latter colony ? Simply
the greater length of the voyage, and consequent ad-
dition to the original outlay, and, secondly,
the vexatious and impolitic regulations re-
specting the sales of land which have been
established by our Colonial Office. New
rules might readily be introduced which would re-
move this last objection, and the increased expense is
more apparent than real, because the outlay does not
cease with the arrival of the emigrant in America;
he must, as we have already stated, be maintained for
a considerable period, whereas he is provided for im-
mediately on landing in Australia, great competition
existing among the colonists as to who shall first ob-
tain the benefit of his services. It will, therefore, be
found that the settletnent of a family there will cost
very little more than in British North America.
Those proprietors whose object is to clear their es-
tates at the least possible charge to themselves,
without taking into their consideration the future
welfare of the party they are desirous of removing,
or the other, and not less important, points of
creating a market for our commerce and supporting
the colonial revenues, may seek only the cheapest mode
of attaining their purpose ; but the Government should
have higher objects in view, and should encourage
that colonization which is the most beneficial at all
times to all parties, and ultimately the most econo-
mical, where the emigrant himself, the land from
which he takes his departure and that to which he
goes, will alike be served. Should any emigration,
therefore, be supported or encouraged from the public
purse, we trust it may be that which will combine all
these advantages, and that the tide of emigration may
be directed to our Australian colonies by every legiti-
mate and practicable means.

A letter from Turin, of the 30th ult., says—
" Several Bishops have protested against the new law
on the press, because religious tracts and the publica-
tions of the episcopacy are not free from the censor-
ship. The Bishop of PIGNEROL (an intolerant bigot,
who is continually persecuting the harmless Vaudois
(Vallenses) that compose the greater part of the
population of his diocese) has proved the most obsti-
nate in this contest. On seeing that the Ministry
rejected his pretensions, he went to the KING.
CHARLES ALBERT was firm. Monsignor CHAVRAZ
offered his resignation, which was accepted. The
fate of the Bishop of PiGNEROL, who, having

). '1
, 6,
g
,v4r,
4
IM6l:',Z;;;lgh, • .4.*
Ron —0" ,lo 4/.a \o.;‘,S4,