The Sun.
London, England, 1846-10-01 00:00:00

threatening and infuriated mobs, or their persons
attacked and their lives endangered. A threatening
notice was thrust under the door of the Earl of

MouNecasueLL, and later in the day a numerous
body of rioters attempted to break in the demesne
gate at Moor Park, his Lordship's residence, and
were only deterred from the attempt by the timely
approach of a body of police who appeared inside the
grounds. At Castlemartyr, the seat of the Earl of
SHANNON, the mob obtained admission into the
demesne, and threathened to pull down the castle I
over his Lordship's head and to return the following
day in increased force fur that purpose, but these
occurrences are far surpassed in atrocity by the
ferocious attack made on Lord STUART DE DECIES,
the Lord-Lieutenant of the county of Waterford, on
his return from the Extraordinary Presentment Ses-
sions for the barony of Decies-within-Drum, held at
Clashmore (within three miles of Youghal), over
which his Lordship had presided. Nearly every vote
asked for had been granted, and sums, amounting to
several thousand pounds, had been voted at the meet-
ing, in order at once to afford the required relief;
but the people had unfortunately witnessed the fruits
of turbulence at Youghal, that the riots there bad ob-
tained instant work for 500 labourers, and they forth-
with proceeded to still greater extremities. Imme-
diately on his Lordship leaving the Sessions-house he
was greeted with menaces and threats, and the most
opprobrious epithets were applied to him. With diffi-
culty he reached his carriage, and only effected
his escape, through the aid afforded by a party of
hussars, on whom they made a violent attack, assail-
ing them with sticks, stones, and all other available
missiles. Many of the soldiers, who behaved most
admirably, were severely hurt, and they had finally
to take refuge in the Earl of HUNTINGDON'S farm-
yard. Mr. T. J. FITZGERALD, J.P., a Roman
Catholic gentleman of considerable property and in-
fluence, was also assaulted, and it is said had a narrow
escape of his life.
We have ever been the advocates of the Irish
peasantry ; we have pointed out their grievances, have
sympathised with their distresses, have justified them
when unduly assailed, and have denounced the evils
and the injustice that have led to many of their errors ;
we have anxiously sought out the means by which
their condition may be ameliorated, and the capa-
bilities of their country fully developed, and have
urged the adoption of such measures on the
Government and Legislature ; but it is impos-
sible to palliate or defend conduct such as
we have just described. If such returns are made
for the exertions used on their behalf, if the noblemen
and gentlemen who reside on and improve their
estates, who afford employment and give their re-
spective neighbourhoods the benefits resulting from
large establishments and ample expenditure, are to be
thus insulted and outraged with impunity, what can
the misguided people hope for or expect, but that
they will be deprived of advantages which they do
not duly appreciate ? For their own sakes it is neces-
sary that the most vigorous measures should be
adopted for the repression of such outrages, and the
bringing the ringleaders to condign punishment.
The safety of the country is at this moment trem-
bling in the balance—on the gentry depends the issue.
If they desire that the peace and tranquillity of their
country should be preserved, we should, per-
haps, say restored, they must afford relief with no
stinted or niggard hand ; every well authenticated
ease of destitution, must be promptly dealt
with, the wants of the several districts must be anti-
cipated with discretion and foresight, but the majesty
of the law must also be vindicated, and riot and
outrage must be visited with its due reward.
It is cheering to turn from the contemplation of
this dark picture to the steps that have been, and
are likely to be, taken for the public relief. The
Lord Chancellor of Ireland has justified the high
expectations that were entertained on his Lordship's
accession to the seals. Ile has just issued the most
useful and salutary instructions to the guardians,
committees, and receivers of the estates of minors and
lunatics, calling their attention to the previsions of
the Drainage Act of last session, with a view to their
having inquiries made as to the conditions of the
respective estates in reference to the objects of the
Acf, and whether it can be beneficially applied to
their imppovement. And he states, that when it is
ascertained that the Act can be so applied, it will be
their duty to lay a statement of facts before the
Master, who is to decide whether applications for an
advance should he made, and to give instructions ac-
cordingly. his Lordship also directs that if they
shall find that any other works of improvement may
be beneficially undertaken, they are to make similar
statements, that the Master may judge whether he
will direct any proceedings to be had for obtaining
an order of the Court on the subject.
This conduct is worthy of the exalted position
and amiable and benevolent character of his Lord-
ship, and affords a brilliant example to the several
landowners throughout the country. It points out
the duties incidental to their property. It is also
said, that Parliament will assemble early in No-
vember, and that the Lord-Lieutenant has, in the
strongest terms, urged the necessity of such a step
on the Government, and that his Excellency has
pressed for authority to carry into immediate opera-
tion the plans for relief by reproductive works, lead-
ing to the permanent improvement of the soil by
drainage or otherwise, and to trust to a Parliamen-
tary indemnity in case it should be thought con-
trary to the letter of the Relief Act. There is ne
doubt that such an indemnity would be unhesi
tatingly and unanimously accorded. We sincerely
hope that our information may be well founded, and
that, ere many days have claimed, we may see the,
labouring population of Ireland employed on useful
works, which may be productive of lasting benefit to
;he country.

Madrid papers of the 23d September have arrived
The Leo del Comercio, the Clamor Public°, the
Espcctador, and the Nuevo Especlador were all seized
on the 22d. The editors of these journals published
a joint protest on the '23d. "Despite," say they, "o.
the fines and other miseries daily inflicted on us by
the Ministry, and of their dread of the press's disclo-
sures, which such desperate rigours sufficiently prove,
we shall continue to write, not as circumstances re.
quire, but as the caprice of our governors may permit
—not as in countries where the constitutional system
prevails, but as we may in Spain under an arbitrar3
domination Let, therefore, the saga-
city of our readers supply what we are obliged to
dissemble. The silence of the press will hereafter be
the most eloquent imputation that will be levelled at
the present Government."

The Espanol of the 23d was seized for re-publiih
ing an article from the Times.

The Herald() publishes the following on the subject
of Mr. BuLwEst's protest :
" Fresh rumours have spread this day as to the active
steps the English Ambassador is adopting, in order to
create obstacles to the union between the Infanta and the
Duke de Montpensier. We wish not to affirm that the
information we have on the subject is quite official, but
we are still persuaded that it is far more positive than
the information of certain ether prints, which behold
but protests and threats whereby the marriage of
the sister of our Queen will not take place. We
believe that her Britannic Majesty's Envoy has
written no other note on the affair in question ; and
the Imparcial of last night confirms our belief of it.
According to our information, all that exists on the
subject is but a communication of the English Minis-
ter for Foreign Affairs to our Minister for tho same
department, in which the serious complications that may
hereafter arise from the crowns of France and Spain
being united on the same head, aro dwelt upon. As our
readers see, tho weak argument adduced by our oppo-
nents—an argument founded on such remote proba-
bilities that it is beyond human calculation—clearly proves
that the remonstrances of the English Cabinet are of
intro form, and that it does not even attempt to oppose
any serious resistance to the projected marriage, because
it finds no plausible pretence for acting in such way.
The conduct of the English Cabinet on this occasion
may be aptly compared with that which it held when
the Frencii conquered Algeria. It protested against,
without in any way touching on a fait accompli.. Never-
theless, we must again say that on the present occasion
no protest has taken place. Moreover, if we be well in-
formed, the English Cabinet complains that a foreign
influence has prevailed in this question. It appears that
some communications on the subject have been ex-
changed between the English and French Governments;
but it is not tho less true that the principal fact exists,
and that nobody thinks of opposing the Infanta's
marriage, for to deprive foreign diplomacy of all pre-
tences, the Duke de Muntpensier's renunciation of all
eventual rights to the throne of France would suffice."

If this renunciation would suffice, why, it may
naturally be asked, is not this renunciation made,
and foreign diplomacy thus deprived of all pretences
for interference ? We believe there can be very little
doubt of the fact, that OA the 22d Mr. 13uLwEn

presented to Senhor ISTURITZ a formal protest 1
against the marriage. M. SALAMANCA, who
was absent from the Chamber of Deputies when the
vote was taken on the subject of granting to the
Ministers the authorisation to levy taxes, asked that
his name might be added to that of the opponents of
the Bill. The revised tariff will be presented to the
Cortes early in the ensuing session.
MADRID 110iSA, SEPT. 23.—The Three per Cents.
were done at 35-,1, for cash; the Four per Cents. at 22;
the Five per Cents. at 22 5-16; the Debt without interest,
at 64 ; and the Coupuns, at 201.

We have received the Paris papers of Monday.
The Duke DE MONTPENSIER and the Duke
D'A um sLE left Paris for Madrid on Monday morning,
by railroad for Tours, from whence they would pro-
ceed without delay to Bordeaux, which they would
reach on Tuesday morning, and proceed to Bayonne
the same day. On the Ist October they are to leave
Bayonne, enter Spain at Irun, and proceed, by way
of Tolosa, Vittoria, Burgos, and Segovia, to Madrid,
where they will arrive on the sth.
The Journal des Debats of Monday still main-
tains that no protest had been presented to M.

GUIZOT by Lord NORMANDY against the Montpensier

marriage.

"The British Minister of Foreign Affairs," it says,
has sent to the British Ambassador at Paris a

dispatch, with instructions for its being read and

a copy left with the French Minister -for Foreign
Affairs, and that dispatch manifested the dissent of
the English Government in the most amicable terms.

"We think it right to repeat, that in spite of all
he rumours to the contrary, the two marriages will

be celebrated at the period which has been desig-
nated, and we persist in thinking and saying that
the differences to which this resolution may have
given rise, however much they may be to be re-

gretted, are not of a nature to compromise the pacific
relations between the three Governments."

The same paper states up to the 22d no protest had
been presented at Madrid. This is so far correct, because
it was on the 22d that Mr. BULWER sent a protest, in the
name of his Government, against the Montpensier
marriage. " Finding that neither the counsels, the
interests, the wishes, nor the friendly feelings of
England were in the slightest degree regarded or
taken into consideration, Mr. BULWER was compelled
to present, as a last measure, a formal prGtest."
At a Cabinet Council held on Sunday, the reply to
the memorandum of Lord PALMERSTON was agreed
upon. M. GUIZOT was charged with drawing it up
in conciliatory and measured terms, and with transmit-
ting it to the Count DE JARNAC,to be by.him delivered
to Lord PALMERSTON.
The French Carlists declare that the Count DE
MONTEMOLIN is in Navarre, having entered Spain
disguised as a priest by the bridge of Behobia.
The strictest surveillance is maintained over all the
Spanish refugees, Carlist as well as Progressista.
General PRIM has been honoured by a domi-
ciliary visit. General RODIL and Senhor DE
SANTA CUZ, the latter a former aide-de-camp
of ESPARTERO, are watched constantly at Bor-
deaux, from which place, however, notwithstand-
ing the vigilance of the police General SEOANE has
succeeded in effecting his escape, and has entered
Spain.

The price of wheat was rising in all the towns of
France, and all that was brought into the market was
immediately bought up.
Marshal BUGEAUD has been ordered to proceed
immediately to Algiers, to watch the movements of
ARD-EL-KADER in Morocco.
The Presse announces that the French squadron
was not to quit the Mediterranean. It was to be
formed into two divisions, one of which, commanded
by the Prince DE JOINVILLE, was to sail for the coast
of Spain.
The Three per Cents. closed on the Paris Bourse on
Monday at 82f. 55c. ; the Five per Cents., 117 f. 50e.;
the Orleans Railroad Shares, 1,270 f. ; Rouen, 953 f. 75e.;
Havre, 726 f. ; Great Northern, 727 f. 50c.; Avignon,
928 f. 75c.; Vierzon, 630 f. ; Bordeaux, 563 E 75c.; Boulogne,
482 f. 50c.; Basle, 235 f.; Dieppe, 385 f.; Paris and Strasburg,
502 f. 50e.; Tours and Nantes, 510 E; Paris and Lyons,
528 f. 73e.; Lyons and Avignon, 492 f. 50c.; Bordeaux and
Cette, 485 f.; Belgian Two-and-a-half per Cents., 56%i:;
Spanish Three per Cents., 37V); Ditto Domestic Debt, 333/4.
The following are the quotations for other lines MARSEILLES, SEPT. 24.-Marseilles and Avignon, 015 f. ; 1
Northern, 732 f. 50c.
LYONS, SEPT. 26.-Paris and Rou,m, 952 f. 50e.; Avignon
and Marseilles, 916 f. 25c.; Northern, 721 f. 25e.; Paris and
Lyons, 523 f. 75c.
OUSIN ESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, SerrEsinEa 29.
Louvain al la Sambre, 'V.-Luxembourg, 1%---Ntimur and Liege,
11,4 -Northern of Franco Constituted, 13%-Orleans and Vierzon,
15-Orleans and Bordeaux, 84 -Paris and Lyons Constituted, 5
-Rouen and llavre, 27%-Sambre and Meuse, 31A -West Flan-
ders,

ANIERICAN NEWS'.

LATER FROM THE UNITED STATES
AND MEXICO.
(FROM OUR CORRESPONDENT.)
LIVERPOOL, WEDNESDAY, Six O'CLOCK, A.M.
Shortly after four o'clock this morning the boom-
ing noise of cannon announced the approach of the
royal mail steam-ship Britannia, Captain Hewitt ;
she sailed from Boston on the Ist, and Halifax on
the 3d, and has therefore made a fair average pas-
sage, bringing 50 passengers, and the semi-monthly
mails from Canada and the United States. The
steam- ship Cambria, which sailed from Liverpool on
the 4th instant, had not reached Boston when the
Britannia sailed.
The news by this arrival is ten days later than that
previously received. The Courier and Enquirer of
the 15th instant says :
In political matters there is little variation since our
last paper. The rumour which has reached us by the
way of Jamaica of the capture of Monterey, in Cali-
fornia, by the American squadron, and which was hardly
credited, has since been confirmed. The proclamation.
of Commodore Stoat, commanding the American naval
forces in the Pacific, dated 6th of July, has been re-
ceived. On that day he entered the harbour of Mon-
terey, and in his proclamation called on the Califor-
nians to remain tranquil, assuring them that he came as
a friend to the people, and that California was destined
to form part and parcel of the great Federal Union.
Several weeks ago, the Lexington store ship sailed from
this port for California with stores, ammunition, and
cannon, and having on board a company of United
States Artillery—in order to aid in the permanent esta-
blishment of the authority and jurisdiction of the United
States in that region. A regiment, 800 strong, will embark
hero to-morrow with the same destination, in three
large transports, now lying off Governor's Island, in this
harbour, where the California regiment is encamped.
This corps is abundantly supplied with all the materiel
for constructing and arming fortifications, and is alto-
gether a very efficient force, so that it is obvious that the
of
permanent
objectsanep aimedossessionatoffroUmpptieler Ccoamlifmorennicaemhaesabeorf none
hos-
tilities, and which is not, under any circumstances, likely
to be relinquished.
The operations on the coast of tho gulf of Mexico
have been inactive. The return of Santa Anna to
Mexico may or may not promote a pacific arrangement
with the United States. Overtures to such an end have
been transmitted to him from the President of the
United States through Commodore Connor, command-
ing the gulf squadron. Santa Anna reached Vera Cruz
on the 16th of August, and was received with open
arms. We have no account yet of his having reached
the city of Mexico, but everything there was ready for
his cordial reception. The latest dates from Vera Cruz
are of the 29th ult. At that time the dispatches of the
President for Commodore Connor had been received,
and communication was immediately had with Vera
Cruz by means of a flag. What the nature of the pro-
positions of this Governmeet is, or what the reception
they are likely to meet with from Santa Anna, is, as
yet, mere conjecture. The United States brig of war
Truxton was lost on a shoal off Tuppan, about 120
miles north Vera Cruz, on 14th ult. Her commander,
Captain Carpender, with the majority of his officers and
crew, surrendered themselves prisoners to the Mexicans.
Lieutenant Hunter, one other lieutenant, and 14 men,
escaped to the squadron in a small Mexican schooner,
which they captured with ono of the boats of the
Truxton.
Meantime the war on the Rio Grande languishes—
the season and the want of sufficient waggon trains alike
forbidding active operations. The next accounts, how-
ever, from Camargo will probably communicate news of
the first forward movements of the invading columns that
are to penetrate the interior.
General Kearney was at the last dates, 3d ultimo, ad-
vancing rapidly from Bent's Fort upon Santa Fe. His
force of 1,500 men was almost too large for his supplies
and for the rapidity of his movements—and more thigh
enough to overcome any resistance he was likely to
meet with on the march or on reaching Santa Fe. He
was husbanding his resources, and had put his men on
half rations.
One of the marking events of the last fortnight is
the return of Mr. M'Lane, late Minister to London,
and the reply which he made to a congratulatory ad-
dress of the Chamber of Commerce of this city. The
address and reply will be found in this paper, and
therefore we abstain from comment other than to say,
that the kind things uttered in the British Parliament
about Mr. M'Lane and his good agency in bringing the
Oregon negotiation to a fortunate and satisfactory ter-
mination have not, as both the address of the President
of the New York Chamber of Commerce and the reply
of Mr. M'Lane will testify—fallen upon barren ground.
Mr. M'Lane is to be entertained by the merchants and
citizens of New York, at a public dinner, as soon as the
melting state of the atmosphere shall give place to
autumnal freshness.
The state of our money market is, if not easy, at least