The Sun.
London, England, 1846-05-07 00:00:00

Inman :nit

LONDON, TIIURSDAY, MAY 7,. 1846.

Lord BJillvtllAD7, 01k Turzilay, in a few w
1 the
attention of the Government to the case of Sir C."
Lti.
NAPIER, and while admitting the.propriety of rewardinr,
berally ouch. men as Viscount HARD/IgGE and Lord GOUGH,
seemed to consider that justice was only halfperformed white
the conqueror of Sinde was passed over, and not one .of the
honours destined for the remuneration of great services
fell upon him.. -This sentiment has become general.
Sir CBIARLES NAPIER is evidently a marked man
for what -reason it is impossible t' say, unless
we attribute the circumstance to the animosity
which unfortunately sprung up between the East Inia,Co,m-
pany and' Lord ELLENBonouGH. That Noble Lord was
recalled in disgrace. Probably the attack on the Ameers
was be) and his instructions, and all. the agents lie employed
in acquiring the valuable territory of Sinde are made to
suffer ti with him. But this reason can have no _effect upon
the Du kec, of WILLINGTON and Sir ROBERT PEEL. They
have si.gslified their disapprobation of the" course pursued. by
the In 4 iia. Company, in supporting the measures c,f,the
Govermor-General to the full extent ; they have made no
secret of the confusion which, divided authoritYThi . the
management of Indian affairs is likely to create, and have'
reward;ed; by a step in.the peerage, and afterwards a seat in
the Cabinet, the high functionary whom the Board of Di-
rectors. so ruthlessly discarded: Why has their conduct to-
welds SIT CHARLES NAPIER been. different? He only car-
ried into effect the. high mission' 'with which he was
entrusted. When
,the British agent at Hyderabad was
tr eatclaerously attacked, when a plot was laid for the
capture of the General and the destruction of his little
gallantrnre army, when another Caubul tragedy was fairly
planned and ready for-co
veryneurn.,tion, the prudence and clear
insight of this remarkableo roan defeated the treacherous
n
scheme, and he resolved longer to hold any terms with
these dangerous and unprincPdleAmeerS. Their conduct
justified all than followed, evel, independent of ibe absolute
necessity of obtaining a command of
h
very safety of our Indian possessions, Indus for the
work was accomplished in a few weeks .the
entire
ty-
rannical; and plundering Ameers were for ever diaplaced,
a new Government established, and Sinde finally i
rated with the British territory in the East.
,But thir -
work
was not only accomplished with the utmost dispatA, and at
A Oiling costeftita importance is every day made more

fest by new events, the wise plans laid down by ELLEN-
BOROUGH and NAPIER have been tested by experience (so
much cannot be said of the Lahore treaty), and all circum-
stances cone in proving that the inhabitants have
k greatly benee by the change, and rejoice in Bri-
tish protection, and that Sinde is the most valuable
conquest ever made by the East India Company. We have
always been surprised at the backwardness of the Govern-
ment in hcknowledging deeds of such merit, and more espe-
cially at the period of their completion, when the men who
did the work had so many enemies to contend with. They
had against them the whole mercenary press of India, which
distorted every fact to the prejudice of the conquerors ; there
was an outcry too raised in this country little credit-
able to the writers in newspapers, or to others who
would put themselves forward as the guides of public opinion ;
but that outcry soon died away, and the small voice of
reason made itself heard. On such an occasion the Govern-
ment did not perform a worthy part in thus yielding tamely
to a temporary clamour (for temporary they knew it must
be, and the importance of the acquisition no ordinary states-
man could fail to see). Instead of deferring for one year
a vote of thanks to the army of Sinde, and thus encouraging
unfounded prejudice and misguided philanthropy, they
should have taken the lead in asserting the merits of an
undertaking which set many slaves free, which re-
lieved an oppressed populatien, encouraged trade, and
good government, and opened up a river which in a few
years would become absolutely necessary as a means of com-
munication with the northern parts of India, and which
would prove, in the long run, the most secure barrier against
western invasion. What would the Punjaub be worth now
without Kurrachee and Hyderabad? The Government
know it would be compartively valueless, and the public,
who seldom fail in time to judge correctly, will soon begin
to complain that such honours and emoluments are heaped
with breathless haste upon lIARDDIGE and GOUGH, while
NAPIER, who laid the solid foundation of British prosperity
in the west, is entirely overlooked.

Lord CAREW on Tuesday moved, in a very temperate speech,
for the production of copies of the correspondence which took
. -

place between Lord HETTESBURY and himself relative to the

appointment to the office of Custos Rotulorum of the county
of Wexford. His Lordship complained, that he being the
Lord-Lieutenant of that county was not upon the first
vacancy appointed to the office of Custos Rotulorum, which
he claimed not as a matter of favour, but demanded as a
right. His Lordship truly stated, that as to his competence
or qualifications for the office in question, no difficulty could
exist, no doubt could be raised. Lord CARIW has ever roved
himself a sound and consistent politician, a man of the most
liberal and expanded views. The possessor of a large private
fortune, he is known to be one of the kindest and most in-
dulgent landlords in Ireland. In the management of his
large estates he exhibits an example which, if generally
followed, would not merely restore peace and tran-
quillity to his country, but would render it pros
percus and contented. The deserving tenant is en-
couraged in his improvements, he knows that he is
sure of meeting with a kind and sincere friend in his land-

lord, who will patiently inquire into his affairs, who, if he is
in difficulties, will afford him a liberal And judicious assistance,
who will not unduly press him, should any unforseen cala-
mity fall upon him ; and he is certain of being permitted to
retain the posseion of his holding. On the Castleboro'
estates tha clearing system has never been resorted to. The
occupier knows that he is as secure in the possession of his
tenement as if he had the most binding lease. It is not, there-
fore, to be wondered at that Lord CAREW is beloved by his
tenantry. A man of the most amiable private character, kind
and unostentatious in all the relations of life, a man of no ex-
treme views, but moderate and conciliatory to every one, he
possesses the esteem and respect of all who have the good
fortune to know him, and on his appointment to the lieu-
tenancy of his native county many years since, no second
opinion existed as to the propriety of the selection, which
was received with the greatest approbation by men of all
classes, shades, and varieties of opinion, political or religious.
Since that period Lord CAREW has (if possible) increased
the regard and respect entertained towards him by
the manner in which he discharged the duties
of his high office, and it was of course considered that any
additional mark of distinction or respect which was in the
power of the Government to bestow, in his county, would be
conferred upon him, certainly that no slight or insult should
be offered to such a man. Such, unfortunately, has not been
the case, for his just claim, we should rather say his right,
has been disregarded, and another has been appointed to

the situation which should have been at once tendered to
him for his acceptance. A remarkable unanimity of feel-
ing appeared in the House. Peers of the most opposite politics
bore their testimony as to the understanding which existed,
and the, statement which had been made at the time of the
change which was effected in the mode of the government
and management of the Irish counties. It appeared that up
to the year 1831 or 1832, there were in each of the Irish
counties two, four, and, in some instances, six persons, in whom
were vested its government, and the power of recommending
parties for the magistracy, It was then considered desirable
to establish uniformity of system, and to assimilate
the law of England and Ireland as to the local
superintendence of counties, by appointing the -same
individUal to be the Lord-Lieutenant and Custos Motu-
lorum, P on whom the responsibility should lie, and from
whom Government might obtain information, and
who should' be the medium of communication between the
Government and the magistracy. Lord STANLEY stated,
that ins every county persons were selected, without reference

to their political opinions, from those who had the largest
estates, and that in all cases it was the practice that
the office of Custos Rotulorum, when vacant, should be conferred
upon the Lord-Lieutenant, and added, that from his own
expericlnce in Ireland, he could say there was not one of
the Ldrd-Lieutenants in that country who had discharged
his duties with more satisfaction to the Government, without
reference to political opinions, or had enjoyed more of its
confidence, than Lord CAENW. The Duke of WELLINGTON,
with the candour which has ever distinguished his Grace,
stated that he recollected perfectly well having supported
the Bill, and giving it as his opinion that the person
holding the office of Lord-Lieutenant, should also hold
that of Custos Rotulorum—the Lord-Lieutenant was a
military rather than a'civil officer,-while the Custos Rota-
lorum was the officer of the. LORD CHANCELLOR, which
opinim? he again reiterated. The only attempt.- at apology
(justification it could not be called), was made by Lord ST.
GER.MANS, who stated that his Excellency the Lord-Lieute-
nant, of Ireland was not bound to read HANSARD or to have
any knowledge of the debates. We cannot agree with his
Lordship in this. A person charged with the administration
of a country like Ireland, who, has able and responsible
advisers, well-info:Med as to everything which had
taken ' place so recently, and whom • he was bound
to consult before filling up the vacancy, ought to have known
the unanimously-expressed sentiments of the LegisLature
upon such a subject; and it shows the weakness of the cause
when a man of Lord ST. GaRMAN'S ability and shrewdness
could Eked no other defence to put forward. •

• We trtist the earliest Steps will he- taken 0 rentedy the
error into which• the:lrish Government has fallen, and that
an assurance will be given against the recurrence of a similar
mistake. Whatever may be:the result; Lord CAutlir thay rest
satisfied 'with Ails support 2 e 3egeiNtod,ani4 grs.tifying
consciousness of having dater his-duty. ' - • r

r.

,
Another, stage has been passed in the great liasasttreis of,
commercial policy now before Parliament; one obstacle the

less (if they can be dignified with the name of obstructions),
intervenes between the Corn and Customs' Bills and the in-
corporation of free-trade principles
_with the Constitution of
Great Britain. On Tuesday the various clauses of these Bilis
were agreed to without opposition, and the third reading no-
minated for Friday evening. We have repeatedly insisted that
such would inevitably become the predicament of the opposi-
tionists. We have warned-thein incessantly against that orato-
rical flatulencetwhichnot onV militated against the prosperity
of the empire, but more especially against themselves. We
have predicted such a rudicrous phiniision to the" Will of
the overwhelming majority—not so much the majority dis-
cernable in the units of the Commons as in the millions of
the people—and their contemptible and unwilling se-
cession from braggadocio into silence. We have
uttered . these predictions—here is their fulfilment.
In recurring to them, however, we are by no
means desirous oT arrogating to ourselves any re-
markable capacity for vaticination, particularly as the pre-
dictions in questicm massy have been' self-evident to every
e upon. protectionists themselves : we
arzuzayt with the intention of
ednileat but.
the
ellf
drawing inferences for guid
leemanlfested itself
ex-
perience of the past. What has artrlre from the
ges of the- Zola
in the 'preliminary stages
will inevitably
--al • every similar .Prom "I i.fh
at
procrastination. Ridicule will constitute the recep-
tion of all such harangues as are
pose of encroaching upon time,an and ignoble
be the ultiMate recompense of lit.. 1:1 such contumacious dis-
putant& Such hai been the consequence
submission of the clauses to a Committee upon
n otnh
the House—
such the recent
such will be the irrecusible and indubitable consequences
upon the after proceedings. The giant wheel of free-trade
has received its momentum from public opinion, and n
t
all the little pebbly obstacles of monopoly can interfere with
its revolutions, retard its progress, or prevent its arrival at
the bright goal which is already visible—the goal of Parlia-
mentary acceptation. Whether this consideratidn be the cud
of sweet or bitter fanny to the country party, it should be
assiduously zrasticated. Nor by Lord GEORGE BENTINCK,
or Mr. MILES, or Mr. DISRAELI, only, but by whom-
soever of their "Lordships in the Upper House may
peradventure at this moment be anticipating a protracted
campaign. Let them reason from . conclusions already per-
ceivable ; 'let them observe the frivolous, impertinent, and
utterly useless squabbling of their compeers during four
months of discussion in the Commons; let them remark
the scorn with which their old-fashioned arguments are in-
variably inundated, end then consider whether further
antagonism will be likely in any manner whatever to re-
dound with honour or profit to themselves: Let them re-
flect whether the unpalatable potion, which is tendered
them by their physician (but which they blindly imagine to be
poisonous) may not actually invigorate them ulteriorly, and
whether its acceptance alone would be preferable to a
forcible discharge of it down their throats, accompanied by
a contumelious flaggelation. To the territorial aristocracy
of England we commend Sir R. PEEL'S harangue of Monday
evening, conceiving it to 'contain the most judicious code
of Morale for the political guidance of a landed peerage

ever presented to them in a compass so portable,
or in language so uncompromising. As Prime Minister of
England, as propounder of the glorious measures of com-
mercial reform, now awaiting a signal for their departure
from the Lower House, and as an earnest champion of the en-
lightened principles upon which those measures are modelled,
Sir R. PREL could gearceTy have prefaced their remission to
the Peers with sentiments more likely to insure
their acceptance, or to embarrass any partizan animosity
which might be accumulating strength for their rejection
I am," said the Premier, " of the same opinion as Gurzar.
the eminent French statesman, that a territorial aristocracy
is most essential to a great country." As conservators of
the dignity, and stability, and efficacy of the state, undoubt-
edly such an aristocracy should be fostered, as, perhaps, the
only rational security for the preservation of what
we might call our indigenous independence, that
is, of our meadows and our woods, of our soil and
our mother-earth, such a peerage becomes: necessary for the
perpetuity of our constitution and for our existence as a na-
tion. " I believe this most certainly," continued the Pre-
mier, " but the question is, what is the most legitimate
way of maintaining a territorial aristocracy 2" That is the
definite morale of this measure as far as the Peers are im-
plicated in its operation, and it must be in the conclu-
sions deduced from that interrogation that the pros
and contras of their Lordships' voting will ultimately
be discovered. With HAMLET, they may mutter, " That is
the question." How is a territorial aristocracy to be main-
tained legitimately ? By giving them a nominal advantage
over other agriculturists? By enabling them to become
huckstering monopolists of wheat, and oats, and rye, with-
out any material advantage whatever to their own
coffers, but with a most stinting diminution in the
larders of the labourers ? Can they be maintained
legitimately by a persistance: in these grinding enact-
ments in provisions, or by their abolition? It is
reduced to that inquiry at last ; and what is the opinion
upon this head of the experienced statesman to whose
jurisdiction these realms are committed by the nomination
of the SOVEREIGN, and the acquiescence of the people?
What is the answer to this question given by Sir R.
Peer., who would hazard nothing in depreciation of the
second order in the constitution ? Why, the Pre-
mier distinctly says, " My firm opinion is, that we shall
maintain the territorial aristocracy by giving up these laws!"
By opening a free commerce to all, without let or hindrance,
without partiality or distinction—by letting agriculture live
upon its own inherent stamina, not by the application of
misjudged tonics or debilitating stimulants—by administer-
ing the laws without prejudice for caste, or faction, or grade
—by introducing a healthful competition, by inciting the
growth and energies of agriculture, by the infusion of a
spirit of honest emulation. That is the rational—the only
rational—method of maintaining a territorial aristocracy in
a legitimate manner. Before very many days have
elapsed the decision of the Peers will be required upon
this momentous topic; they must remember that a gene-
ral gaze of scrutiny will then be rivetted upon them—
that personal motives, if there be any, will be detected
and scouted; they must ponder upon the imminence of their
position, and decide not in passion or precipitation.
More hangs upon their verdict for or against the Corn and
Customs' Bills than they possibly conjecture. Their decision
will be scrutinized by the present multitude and by posterity.

Letters from Lucerne declare that the statement published
by the Government of the Canton, to the effect that an at-
tempt had.been made to assassinate General SoNNENBEEG, is
generally discredited, and is looked upon as a fiction, devised
by the Jesuit Government of Lucerne, for the purpose of en-
deavouring to bring their opponents into discredit.

The German papers represent the troubles in Austrian
Galicia as nearly at an end. On the faith of letters from
that province, the Augsburg Gazette announces that SZELA,
the leader of the peasants in the circle of Tarnow, had gone
to the head of the Government of the circle, and declared to
him that he had sent home his peasants to their houses, in
order to cultivate the earth, and that everything was
restored to order. All that is known positively is, that
SZELA was allowed to withdraw freely.
The arrests of suspected persons still continues in Posen.
The Cologne Gazette contains the following from thence of
the 27th ult.:—
" In addition to the arrest of Dr. Matecki, of this town, several
other persons have been taken into custody in the provinces, and in
particular live gentlemen of family from the neighbourhood iof
Schwiegel, a priest, and a lieutenant. Great sensation was excited
yesterday by the arrest of five prisoners, who, after undergoing
several hours' examination, were sent to the fortress. Amongst
them is Lipinsky, the blacksmith, and an agent from Paris, named
Wodford. They were all arrested in the forest between Wirow and
Komornik, where they had established themselves in a cave, with
plenty of provisions. A forester by chance discovered their hiding-
place, and gave notice of it to the authorities. A considerable body
of troops surrounded the spot, and escape was rendered Impossible."

While, however, tranquillity is on the point of being re-
stored in Austrian Poland, another of the provinces of Austria,
viz., Camiola, has been the scene of a partial =cute: The
Augsburg Gazette gives the following intelligence, under the
date of Laybach, April 25 :

" On Sunday last there was a collision at Isola between the inhabi-
tants and the chassenrs of Capodistria, in which seven or eight of
both parties were mortally wounded. The chasseurs are said to have
shown great moderation. At Trieste there has been a conflict be-
tween a police agent and a joiner, in which each killed the other.
The meeting took place at midnight, and a large crowd assembled
round the combatants, but it was dispersed by the patrol. Yesterday
there was a menacing assemblage •on the Molo del Sale, but all dis-
turbance was prevented without the intervention of the armed force.
Orders had been given for supplying the troops with ball-cartridges.
But a more important piece of news is that a part of the troops on
the frontier has received orders to march into Italy, as a portion of
the Roman States is to be occupied by Austrian soldiers."

The accounts from Lisbon are to the 29th ult.

There had been several conflicts between the insurgent
peasantry and the troops in the province of Minho, which,
however, had led to -no decisive results, and troops were
marching on Minho in various directions. The Government
represents this insurrection of the peasantry as the outbreak
of a Miguelite plot.

Madrid journals of the 28th ult. have arrived.
The Gazette publishes C micua's dispatch, detailing the
operations which ended in the capture of Santiago. He
states that he only waits at Santiago for supplies of ammu-
nition, on the receipt of which he shall at once march upon
Vigo and Pontevedra.
The Tiempe states that a court-martial has been held at
Carral, a town distant three leagues and a half from
Corunna, for the trial of the officers made prisoners at
Santiago. Among these prisoners is M. Buses, President
of the Insurgent Junta, together with several members of
that body.

The Spanish GovernMent appear determined to act with the
greatest severity towards the unfortunate prisoners who
may fall into their clutches. The Minister of War has ad-
dressed a circular to all the captains-general, directing them
to take the necessary steps for forthwith proceed-

ing with the summary trial of all the prisoners
taken by the QUEEN'S troops—to put, to death at
once, and without any appeal to head-quarters,
every officer implicated in the insurrection, to employ all the
activity and energy requisite for the security of the state, and
the satisfaction of public vengeance ( !); and to dispense
with consultations, and delays that might tend to retard the
speedy and due satisfaction of the laws. The authorities ate
only permitted to exercise lenity towards the private soldiers.
, The ,Espanol announces the arrival of General BATONA at
Burgos, where he: supersedev General BALBOA. General
Roxema, who succaecla General SA= as Captain-General of
Grenada, had also arrived at his post. •

General ORME left Madrid on the 28th for the Canary
Isles. It is said that Rumkr ST. Cams, the chief of the in-
surrection in Galicia, had escaped by sea from Vigo.
The Phare of Bayonne, alluding to the taking of the con-
tract of 200,000,000 of reals in Spain, for the construction of
new roads and canals, &c., says— -
" _titer a sharp competition between the persons who tendered,
and finally between M. Salamanca and M. Rivas, the latter was
declared to be the contractor. The power reserved by the contrac-
tor of paying one-third of the loan in works, has been set aside.
Thas ,M. Rivas has engaged to pay in five years, and in cash,
200,000,000 of reals. He will receive In reinbursement in the course
of eighteen years and five months, 276,250,000 reals, which will be
an economy to the Treasury on the original proposition of the Go-
vernment of 143,750,000 reals, The result is prodigious. It is
attributed to a rivalry between M. Salamanca and M. Rivas, but
it is just to observe that the new lew on the Bourse has had
much influence in the affair. By prohibiting time bargains, the Go-
vernment has forced capitalists to employ their money in serious
speculations which may powerfully contribute to the welfare of the
country. Be this as it may, the adjudication of this loan Is a fine
triumph to the Government. For forty years past lenders have net
been found at so low a rate."

Government securities were not quoted on the Bolsa, but the
Herald° announceg that the Three per Cents, were done at 324 for
cash, and 32% for time ; the Five per Cents. at 21 for cash, and 214
for time ; and the shares of the Bank of San Fernando at 310, and
those of Isabel at 185.

We have received the Paris papers of Monday, but their
contents are unimportant. The representatives of the Sove-
reigns of Belgian], Sardinia, Saxony, Wurtemberg, and
Hanover, and the Ministers of the Hanse Towns, Saxe
'Weimar, Electoral Hesse, and Hesse and Baden, had pre-
sented congratulatory letters to the rasa of the FRENCH on
his recent escape from assassination.
The discussion on the Western Railway Bill was resumed
on Monday in the Chamber of Deputies, but no division had
taken place up to the hour of post.
According to the Courrier Frangaise, the inhabitants of
Algiers are about to petition to have Algeria incorporated with
France. They propose it should be divided into four de-
partments, with Algiers, Oran, Bona, and Constantine, as the
chief towns.

The marriage of Viscount CASTLEREAGH with Viscountess
PONVERSCOURT was celebrated on Saturday at the British
Embassy.

RAHrst P A:: :le other
rtasecrpresent at the trial of a prisoner on
Saturday, at the Palaisvihi which were
Justice. He took great interest
Proceedinges
in It: e
summing lvereump ionfuttheleyperxepsildaeinnetd,
atnodhbimefobrye
jury was made known, his Highness retired
ttht
there
eeerler other Archives.things
and of the Palais, the works
the decision of th
Chapelle,
ahnisdsovnisiteAdfte
were success-
at the Sainte
different curiosities contained
the Thesiv el y pointed out to him, and amongst
mi-
nutes on parchment of the trial of dof Orleans, the
trial of Damiens, and the clothes worn by thatai criminal when
he made the attempt on the life of Louis XV. On leaving
the Archives he was shown the famous picture,
preserved by
the Jesuits in their principal college, which represents
W. thrown into bell while ItAvAILLAc was ascending toT

heaven.
M. PIERRE LAFFMTE, the last surviving brother of M.
JACQUEs LAFFITTE, died last week at Luciennes, near Paris,
aged 81.
The Three per Cents. closed at 84f. sc. ; the Five per Cents, I2of.
50c. ; the Orleans Railroad Bkares, 1,252 f. 50c. ; Rouen, 1,042 f. 50c.;
Havre, 765 f.; Great Northery477lf. 25e.; Aviall9l3, 933 f. 75c.; Yler.