The Sun.
London, England, 1848-02-14 00:00:00

S No FEBRUARY i 4, 1848.
7

67c. to 68c. for good; 64c. to 661-e. for New Orleans; one
cargo of very handsome white North Carolina brought
69c. for export. The new southern begins to come to
hand more freely, and the ;market closes rather heavy.
Iron—Owing to large arrivals of Scotch pig and fur-
ther supplies shortly expected prices have given way.
We notice sales of 500 tons at 24 to 25 dolls., cash, and
27 to 28 dolls. six months. The market has a down-
ward tendency. There have been sales of English bars
at 55 to 57 dolls. 50c. Other kinds are inactive.

Lead-Sales of 1,200 pigs lower mine have been
made at 4 dolls. 18fc., and 1,500 ditto soft lead at 4 dolls.
311 c., cash.
Leather-The public sale on Thursday last was at a
slight decline from previous sales. 2,500 sides Hemlock
sole, light weights, sold at 13/c. to 14c. per lb.; middle
ditto, 13c. to 14c.; heavy, 12c. to 13c.; good damaged,
10 c. to 111 c.; poor ditto, 7c. to 71c.-4 months.
Molasses-90 hhds. Cardenas, new crop, have been
sold in lots at 24c.; 1,500 brie. New Orleans 28c.; a
few barrels Cardenas brought 25c. to 26c., and New Or-
leans to arrive has been sold at 26c. to 27c.
Oil 600 bbls. whale oil have been taken for export at
32c; 300 bbls. selected for home use 36c.; handsome
white oil is held above 38c.•, sales of bleached winter
sperm have been made at 1 doll. 17c., and of unbleached
at 1 doll. 12c.; bleached lard oil 80c., four months; lin-
seed oil is improved in demand-80,000 gallons English
here and to arrive have been sold at stc. to 65c.; 2,000
ditto Dutch, 60c. to 61c; and 10.000 gallons American,
at 59c. to 65c., according to quality.
Rice-The market is unusually languid, the sales
reaching to only 300 tons from 3 dolls. 25c. to 3 dolls.
621 c. per 1001 b. Holders are not disposed to give way
from our present rates.
Spirits-About 800 bbls. of whisky have been sold
during the week, mostly at 26c., at which moderate sales
of drudge casks have also been made.-Foreign spirits
have been in fair request; sales of Otard brandy have
been made at 2 dolls. to 2 dolls. 75c.; A. Seignette ditto
in lots, 1 doll. 60c. to 1 doll. 65c.; J. J. Dupup, 1 doll.
30c. to 1 doll. 60c.; Pellevoison, 1 doll. 65c. Jamaica
Rum, 2 dolls. 25c; 15 puncheons St. Croix ditto, 750. to
85c. Irish and Scotch whisky, 2 dolls. 25c. to 2 dolls.
75c. 40 pipes Hellands gin, 1 dolL 121 c. to 1 doll. 50c.,
four to six months.
Sugar.-Muscovadoes are in dctsand, and the market
is firm. 500 hhds. New Orleans have been taken at 4}
to s}, with a few hhds. at si; 40 ditto New Hibernia,
51c.; 300 boxes brown Havana, 51e. to 61e., and 7b
boxes white ditto, lc., four months.
Tallow.-100,0001bs. prime tallow has been sold in
lots at 81c. to 81c. per lb. cash, principally for home
use.
Tobacco.-The sales include about 110 hhds. Ken-
tucky, in lots at prices varying from 4c. to 61c.; 35
oases old seed leaf, common, at Sc.; 40 cases Florida,
at from 18c. to 321 c.; and 114 bales Tara, on private
terms.
Wines.-350 quarter-casks Burgundy Port have been
sold at 55c; 30 ditto Sherry, 85c. to 1 dol.; 100 ditto
Madeira, 80c. to 1 dol. 25c.; 50 ditto Port, 80c. to 1 dol.
121 c.; 100 ditto Sicily on private terms.
Wool.-The market is without material change;
sales of all descriptioas are light. 60 bales Buenos
Ayres sheep-skins have been sold on private terms.
Freights to Europe have become dull, and a slight
reduction has taken place in rates. We quote :-To
Liverpool-cotton, per lb., average 3-16 d.; beef, tierces,
35.; beef and pork, per brl., 25.; flour, Is. 6d. to
Is. 10d.; turpentine, Is. 9d,) leather, per lb, -d.; heavy
goods, per ton, 225. 6d. to 255. ; grain, per bushel, 6d.
to 61d. To London-tobacco, per hhd., -s. to -a.;
flour, per barrel, 2s. 6d.; turpentine, 35.; spirits of tur-
pentine, per 252 gals., 30s. to ais.; measurement goods,
per ton, 305.; heavy goods, 30s. to 355.; beef (304 to
336 lbs.), ss. 6d. to 6,.; beef and pork, per barrel, 35.
To Havre--cotton, square bales, per lb., ic. to Ic.;
flour, per barrel, -c.; ashes, per ton, 8 dolls. to 10
dolls.; out quercitron bark, 10 dolls.; tallow, 6 dolls.;
whalebone, fc. per lb.
Seamen's Wages, with Small Stores -To Liverpool
and Havre, per month, 15 dolls.; North of Europe, 15
dolls.; Mediterranean, 15 dolls.; East Indies, 12 dolls.)
South America, 12 dolls. to 14 dolls.; West Indies, la
dolls.; coasting, 16 dolls. to 18 dolls.

AFFAIRS OF ITALY.

COMMUNICATION FROM THE AUSTRIAN GOVERNMENT
AS TO THZ TERRITORIAL ARRANGEMENTS AND PO-
LITICAL CONDITION OP ITALY, TOGETHER WITH
THE Rama OF THE BRITISH GOVERNMENT.
No. I—(Translation.)
PRINCE METTERNICH TO COUNT DIETEICHSTEIN.
(Communicated to Viscount Palmerston by Count
Dietrichstein, August 11.)
" Vienna, Aug. 2, 1847.
" M. Le Comte—The position of the central states
of Italy engages, doubtlessly, the attention of the
Court of London. These states are agitated at this
moment by a spirit of subversion, the consequences of
which are but too easy to foresee. The geographical
position of our empire imposes upon us the duty to
regard, with redoubled attention, the course of events
in that country.
" The Emperor wishes to explain his sentiments
on this occasion with the frankness with which he
has been accustomed to address the Government of
Great Britain, and desires to know the determination
of that Government on the state of things which
his Imperial Majesty considers a proper basis for the
future.

"Italy is a geographical expression. The Italian
Peninsula is composed of sovereign states, mutually
independent. The existence and the territorial limits
of these states are founded upon principles of general
right, and guaranteed by political acts of undoubted
authority. The Emperor, for his part, is resolved to
respect those rights, and to contribute all in his
power to their maintenance.
" You will communicate, M. Le Comte, this
dispatch to the Chief Secretary of State, and beg of
him to explain the views of the Court of London
respecting the nature of those guarantees under
which the possessions of the sovereigns who reign in
Italy are placed. You will at the same time add,
that the Emperor does not doubt of the complete
accord which must exist in his opinions and those of
her Britannic Majesty on this subject.—Receive the
assurances, &c.,
(Signed) " METTERNICH."

" Vienna, Aug. it, 1847.
"M. Le Comte The preceding dispatch is
directed at the same time to the Courts of
Paris, of Berlin, and of St. Petersburgh. The
subject is not
_interesting to our empire alone. It
has the importance of a great European question.
" Central Italy is delivered up to a revolutionary
movement, at the head of which are to be found the
chiefs of those political sects which have for some
years threatened the states of the Peninsula. Under
the banner of administrative reform, to which the
Roman Sovereign has yielded through undoubted
benevolence towards his people, the factious have
paralysed the steady action of power, and seek to con-
summate a work which cannot, to suit their views,
be confined within the States of the Church, nor to
any part of the Peninsula. These sects require a
single political head, or at least a fedeaation of states
placed under the control of a central supreme power.
An Italian monarchy does not enter into their plans.
An abstraction of Utopian Radicalism is the advance
which they contemplate. No possible king of such
a monarchy exists on either side of the Alps. It is
towards the creation of a federative republic, after
the model of North America or of Switzerland, that
their hopes are led.
" The Emperor, our august master, does not pre-
tend to be an Italian power. He contents himself
with being the chief of his own empire. Some parts
of his empire extend beyond the Alps. He desires
to maintain them. Beyond them he demands no
actual possession ; he but wishes to defend his own.
Such, M. l'Ambassadeur, are the views of his Impe-
rial Majesty ; they ought to be the views of any Go-
vernment that wishes to maintain its rights and res-
pect its duties.
" We place a great question of the day on the
broadest political basis. We wish to know if the
great guardians of political peace partake our views.
We pretend to no social or governmental polemics ;
but we speak of that which is equally valuable to
kings and to people, and which must before long
decide the peace of Europe. The subject is too
grave not to render necessary an appeal to all Go-
vernments that are not willing to entrust the future
to the incalculable chances of general disturbance.

" Receive, &c.
(Signed),

" METTERNICH."

VISCOUNT PLLMEISTON TO VISCOUNT PONSONBT.
" My Lord,—Count Dietrichstein read to me yes
terday two dispatches addressed to him by Prince
_rue-arm- of tnese aispatchee expresses the wish
of the Austrian Government to know whether her
Majesty's Government admit the principle that the
state of possession established in Italy by the Treaty of
Vienna ought to be maintained ; and it also declares
the determination of the Emperor of Austria to defend
his Italian territories against any attack. The second
dispatch relates to a scheme which the Cabinet of
Vienna supposes to be entertained by some parties in
Italy, to unite the greater part of Italy in one federal
republic ; and the dispatch at the same time explains
reasons—social, political, and geographical—which,
in the opinion of the Austrian Government, must
render such a scheme impracticable.
" I have now to instruct your Excellency, in reply
to the inquiry contained in the first of the above-
mentioned dispatches, to assure Prince Metternich
that her Majesty's Government are of opinion that
the stipulations and engagements of the Treaty of
Vienna ought to be adhered to in Italy, as well as in
all other parts of Europe to which they apply ; and
that no change can properly be made in the territo-
rial arrangements which were established by that
treaty without the consent and concurrence of all the
Powers who were parties to it. This opinion her
Majesty's Government hare had occasion not long ago
to express to the Cabinet of Vienna, and this opinion
her Majesty's Government still entertain.
" But her Majesty's Government are glad to think
that it does not at present appear to be likely that any
events will happen in Italy to which the principle in-
volved in that opinion would practically apply ; for
her Majesty's Government are not aware that any
European power or state meditates any attack upon,
or invasion of the territories of any Italian state ; and
therefore her Majesty's Government, fully sharing
that legitimate sense of the right of possession which
leads the Government of Austria to declare its de-
termination to defend the Emperor's Italian posses-
sions, yet hope and trust that no event is at present
impending which would render it necessary that this
determination should be carried into practical exe-
cution.
With reference, however, to the posture of things
in Italy, her Majesty's Government would wish to
observe that there is another right besides that of
self-defence and self-maintenance, which is inherent
in independent sovereignty, and that is the right
which belongs to the sovereign power in every state
to make such reforms and internal improvements as
may be judged by such sovereign power proper to be
made, and conducive to the well-being of the people
whom it governs.
" That right it appears that some of the sovereigns
of Italy are now willing and prepared to exercise,
and her Majesty's Government would hope that the
Government of Austria may think fit to employ
that great political influence which Austria legiti-
mately possesses in Italy with a view to encourage
and support those sovereigns in such laudable under-
takings.
" Her Majesty's Goverment have received no in-
formation as to the existence of any such scheme as
that which Prince Metternich mentions in his second
dispatch as being planned for the purpose of uniting
the now separate states of Italy into one federal re-
public; and her Majesty's Government entirely agree
with his Highness in thinking, for the reasons which
he assigns, that such a scheme could not be accom-
plished. But, on the other hand,, her Majesty's Govern-
ment have been convinced, by information which has
reached them from a great variety of quarters, that
deep, widely-spread, and well-founded discontent
exists in a large portion of Italy ; and when it is
considered bow full of defects, and how teeming with
abuses of all kinds, the present system of government
of those states. and more especially in the Roman
states and in the kingdom of Nnples, are known to be,
it cannot be surprising that such crying evils should
generate the strongest discontent; and it is very pos-
sible that men who feel the fall intensity of the
grievances under which they nov r are, and have for a
long series of years been sufferir ig, and who see no
hope of redress from their prase nt rulers, should take
up any scheme, however wild, from which they may
fancy they could derive a chair( e 3 of relief.
" This observation does not i indeed apply with full
force to the Roman states, bee AUS6 the present Pope
has shown a desire to adopt many of those much-
needed reforms and improv' ements which in 1832,
Austria, in conjunction witl i Great Britain, France,
Russia, and Prussia, urgent ly advised the late Pope
to carry into execution ; and it may be hoped that if
the Pope is encouraged and itssisted by Austria and.
the other four powers in rem oving the grievances
.ot
which his subjects have lot ig coirsplained, the dis-
content which those grievano es hay a created will soon
die away.
" But there are other states c,f Italy, and more
especially the kingdom of Naples , where reforms and
improvements are required almo' it as
,much as in the
Roman territory; and her At pajeaty s Government