The Sun.
London, England, 1870-02-02 00:00:00

rtiE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, F BRUA.RY 2, 1870.

to escape. Colonial tariffs are capable of readjustment.
Colonial legislatures may be induced to see that it is
better to bestow their lands upon immigrants than
allow them to be put
_to their present use of
bribing and corrupting colonial legislators.
And then there is the great question of
colonial defence. We have established the
principle that the colonies ought to pay for their
own protection, and it is so sound a principle that it
is not likely to be reversed. There are not a few
politicians, and their influence is evidently great with
the present Government, who would go farther, and
say that the colonies should be altogether indepen-
dent, that we ought not to be called upon to inter-
pose between two colonies should they hereafter (as
Sir CHARLES DILKE prophesies will happen to New
Zealand and Victoria) go to war with each other;
nor should we be exposed to the risk of a war with
the United States if some American rowdy should
lead a band of buccaneers into Canada. This at least
is a clear and distinct policy. It is not the hap-
hazard policy which we have adopted hitherto. But
nerore sanctioning the new regime let us remember
two things. First, that empire has its duties as well
as its rights, and that we do owe something to those
men and their descendants, who encountered the
hardships inevitable from colonising a new country,
and who thereby offered a new field to the struggling
thousands in our own land, and made the task of
living hero easier for those of us who remain at home.
Secondly, if there is to be complete separation
between England and her colonies, colonial ports will
hereafter be neutral ports, where hostile ships
would be admitted to coal and to refit, and whence
they would issue to prey upon our commerce. We
may, perhaps, think that we have already far more
than repaid the obligation which the colonies have
imposed upon us. We may decide, too, that the last
mentioned risk is less serious than the risk of embroil-
ment which the possession of an extended empire in-
volves. But at least let us know what we are
doing. If we are to take a leap let it not be in the
dark.

Misr! peasants have long been the despair of
British statesmen. Just as there seems a prospect of
dealing with them satisfactorily we have a fresh
cause of hopelessness in English paupers. Pauperism
goes on increasing beyond. all possibility of overtaking
it. "Death by starvation" is is now so common an
event that we hardly take any notice of it. And yet we
are not callous ; we are simply incapable. The West
Londoner would gladly give of his superfluity to save
the East Londoner from death, but if he does give
he is told that his money only demoralises those
whom ho would aid, and goes, not to the deserving,
but to idle vagabonds. The State seems to be as
powerless as individuals. Mr. GOSCHEN, with all his
energy—and it is not small—cannot save us from the
scandal of English working men starving in the
streets. Lord GRANVILLE cannot, or will not, offer
the smallest help in transporting the famished poor
of London to countries where there is food enough
for twenty times their number. Nor is this all; were
Ministers ever so efficient, they would still have one
great obstacle to overcome—the vis inertic'e of the
pauper himself. One would have thought that
hunger would have been the most stirring of all in-
centives, and that a man would never let himself die
of famine in any civilised country. Nevertheless, we
read that Mr. HUMPHREYS, the coroner, has just
held three inquests on one day in Eastern London upon
persons whose death was caused by want of food. In
one case an old man of 72 and his wife and two children
had been endeavouring to live upon 4s. a week and
two loaves. This would have been starvation for
one. Yet the old man had such a horror of the
workhouse that he refused to go where he might
have been fed and warmed and clothed ; and so he
perished. In the second case, a man between 40 and
50 was brought into the Whitechapel Workhouse,
but not until it was too late. lle had eaten
nothing for two days, and though arrowroot, beef
tea, and wine were administered, he sank. In the
third case, the victim of famine had eaten nothing
for six days, was almost speechless, and though he
was fed by spoonfuls, so that his enfeebled organs
might not be overtaxed, he too succumbed. There
was nothing but skin on his ribs, and it stuck to them
like parchment. In all three cases an inquest was
held, and a verdict was returned, ascribing death to
destitution. It is a horrible triad, and yet whose fault
was it ? If men will not betake themselves to the work-
house when they are starving, how can local
guardians or the central government be held to
blame ? Yet, if we reflect for a moment, there must
be something terribly wrong in our workhouse
management which thus neutralises even the strong
inducements offered by the pangs of hunger, and
makes the victim of starvation choose to perish rather
than to enter the "House." Of course our work-
houses must not be made attractive to vagabonds;
yet there is a wide difference between being that and
being the abodes of pestilence and misery that some
of our workhouses are known to be.

THE TAMWORTH,PENRYN AND SOUTH-

AMPTON ELECTION PETITIONS.

Lord Chief Justice Bovill in the Common Pleas
on Monday, read the judgment of himself and Mr.
Justice Brett in these cases. Application had been made
in each for a review of the taxation of the costs of the
successful parties. His lordship said that no doubt it
was the intention of the Legislature that the taxation
should be liberal in favour of the successful party.
There had been allowed for fees to the leading
counsel, 100 guineas, and the junior counsel 75
guineas each, these sums being much less than
those which had been paid. It would be wrong to lay
down a general rule that the allowance should in all cases
be uniform, but there was no objection to the master
saying that in all ordinary average cases such sums should
be allowed. The Southampton case, however, seemed to
stand upon a somewhat different footing to the others,
the proceedings being so very voluminous, and the
Master ought therefore to reconsider his decision upon
the principle which had been laid down. The Master
had acted upon the principle that only one consultation
should be allowed, but the court thought that in some
cases it might be reasonable to allow for more than one
The taxation should also be reviewed as to allowance for
preliminary expenses. The result would be that all the
rules would be absolute to review the taxation upon on.
point or other. Mr. Justice Willes, in his judgment, which
was read, said that he saw no ground for reviewing the
taxation, except as to allow for consultation.

The barque Florence Pope, of Newport, from Lagot
to Liverpool, has been spoken 200 miles west of Brest. She
had been at sea 120 days, and every one on board, with the
exception of the captain and three men, had died of fever.
The sails were all blown away, and the remainder of the
crew seemed helpless to navigate the vessel. Before it was
known that the Florence Pcpe had been spoken 70 guineas
was refused to effect insurance on the ship.

The spirit in which the new bishop of Manchester
intends to work is shown by a letter to the local branch of
the Church Pastoral Aid Society. Mr. Prase having been
requested to become the President of the society, replied
that he will accept the post, as he does not wish needlessly
to deviate from the steps of his predecessor, and he shall
endeavour to be actuated by no partisan preferences, but
that every good work and every earnest workman wiil re-
ceive, as they well deserve, his hearty co-operation and
sympathy.

At Guildhall to-day a man named Cohen, charged
a girl 13 years of age with stealing from him some frocks
and petticoats. He said the girl had run from his house
with the things. When she was called upon for her
defence the girl gave a very different story. She had been
five years in the prisoner's service, and had never got more
wages than an occasional twopence for pocket money. The
whole of this time she was badly dressed, ill-fed, and
brutally treated. At last she determined to fly. The lady
with whom she sought protection said she was dirty,
bruised, and ragged, when she came to her. Sir Robert
Carden spoke very sharply to the prosecutor, told him he
ought to be ashamed of himself, and dischared the case.

A correspondent of the Dublin Evening Mail
reports that on Sunday evening Thomas Nash, of Collins-
town, county of Westmeath, was met in afield about half a
mile from the village and police station, and not far from
the high road, by two armed strangers, not disguised,
who put him on his knees, presenting two pistols, and,
having ascertained his identity, swore him to give up
a grazing field in eight days. The field in question had
been part of the adjoining farm, and was surrendered two
years ago by the tenant, to save the rest of his farm, as he
was unable to stock so much land. It was let for a time in
grass to a Roman Catholic, who never was molested: and
for the last half-year
,to Nash, who is a Protestant. The
public scoured the country the sane evoniug, but without
success,

LAW INTELLIGENCE--(This Day).

DIVORCE COURT.
DRYSDALE V. DRYSDALE.

This morning the suit of Drysdale v. Drysdale
was heard before Lord Penzance. The petitioner,
the wife, sought for a restitution of conjugal
rights. She was married on the Bth of July,
her husband, George Drysdale, being a merchant's
clerk. Some years since there was a separation,
and subsequently the respondent sought for a
dissolution of his marriage, on the ground of her
adultery with a gentleman of the name of Corbett,
connected with Bell's Life and the Mark-lane Ex-
press, and also a Mr. Kane, the managing clerk to
the petitioner's solicitor. That charge, however,
signally failed, and as her husband had deserted her
she sought the relief of the court, and an order for
alimony was made. Instead, however, of paying
anything he made himself a bankrupt, but accord-
ing to Mrs. Drysdale's statement he has been living
in Furnival's Inn in good style. The Judge Ordi-
nary made a decree for a judicial separation, and
on an affidavit being filed as to the non-payment of
the alimony that has been ordered, an attachment
against the respondent will be issued.

POLICE LVIELLIGENCE—This Day.

MARLBOROUGH-STREET.

ROBBERY IN A CHAPEL.—WiIiam Francis was
charged before Mr. Tyrwhitt with picking the
pocket of Mrs. Catherine Pitt, of 50, St. Martin's-
lane, while in Orange-street Chapel.

Mrs. Pitt said that about 10 o'clock last night
while leaving the Orange-street Chapel at the con-
clusion of the meeting which had been held, a
gentleman asked her if she had lost anything, and
on her putting her hand into her pocket she missed
her purse containing money, &c.
Mr. Stephen Rood, of No. 4, Garsford-street,
Kentish-town, said that on the previous night as
the persons were leaving the chapel he saw the pri-
soner place himself alongside of Mrs. Pitt, and
thinking his conduct suspicious and a stranger he
watched him, and saw him working with his hand
by Mrs. Pitt's side. Having ascertained from Mrs.
Pitt that she had been robbed, be went after the
prisoner, and on charging him with having robbed
a lady he took his left hand out of his pocket and
gave him a purse, stating that he had picked it up,
and that he was going to give it up at the entrance
to some one connected with the chapel, but had he
done so he (witness) must have seen him stoop.
The prisoner wished to be allowed to go away, but
as there had been several similar cases, and they
had not been able to catch the persons, they
felt it necessary to make an example of the
prisoner.

Mr. :Tyrwhitt, in committing the prisoner for
three months with hard labour, said the public
were indebted to Mr. Rood for what he had
done.

WEST COUNTRY M.P.'S TOGEMER.

Earl Morley, Sir Massey Lopes, Bart., M.P., and Mr.
Morrison, were present on Monday at the
annual meeting of the Plymouth Chamber of Commerce.
Among the subjects discussed was the proposal to remove
the assizes from Exeter to Plymouth. The Solicitor-
General at Exeter on Thursday stated that he did not
know what might happen in the future, but he felt jus-
tified in saying there was no intention to remove the
assizes at present. Earl Morley on Monday said he had
not seen the teport of the Judicature Commission, but he
had no doubt some change would be made in the re-
modelling of the assize districts. He had no idea
what the alteration would be. Plymouth was the largest
town in the west, and he thought the assizes should be
held there. Sir Massey Lopes subsequently spoke of the
value of chambers of commerce. He thought it was a
mistake to suppose that chambers of commerce should be
composed of commercial men only. Landowners should
also become members of chambers of commerce, because
the interests of landowners and commercial men were
identical. Mr. Morrison, M.P., drew the attention of the
chamber to the importance of discussing the Shipping
Consolidation Bill, which consisted of 630 clauses. They
could give great assistance to Parliament thereby. Earl
Morley was again elected president. The members of the
chamber afterwards dined together.

THE LATE ELOPEMENT OF A STIPENDIARY
MAGISTRATE.

A few months ago it was rumoured that Mr. Robinson
Fowler, the stipendiary police magistrate for Manchester,
had eloped with a Mrs. Milne, whose husband occupied a
high position in the adjoining borough of Salford. This
rumour had only got ground a few days when a
letter was received from Mr. Fowler himself
resigning his judicial appointment. Mr. Milne
has filed a petition in the Divorce Court in which the
ex-stipendiary magistrate is made co-respondent, and we
understand that £5,000 damages are claimed. Yesterday
an application was made by Dr. Pritchard to Lord
Penzance, on behalf of the petitioner, for leave to amend
the petition, and in support of it an affidavit was filed
stating that since the petition was left at the
registry Mr. Milne was informed that his wife and Mr.
Fowler committed adultery at the Bull and Victoria
Hotels, Rochester, and it was sought to embody this fact
in the allegations. On the other side there was scarcely
any objection, and Lord Penzance granted the desired
leave, but said it would be necessary to reserve the peti-
tions.

SENOR CASTELAR AGAINST THE DUKE

DE MONTPENSIER.

Senor Castelar—one of the beet orators the Spanish
Revolution has yet produced, an extreme Radical, and a
strenuous opponent of the Bourbons—made a very stir-
ring speech in the Spanish Cortes, at Madrid, on the pro-
posal to make the Duke of Mentpensier King. He drew
up a long indictment against the Bourbon family, charged
them with being tyrants, the enemies of liberty, the allies
of foreign sovereigns against their own subjects, the foes of
science and morality. The Duke of Montpensier was a Bour-
bon; that he was so was proved independently of his genealogy
by that document of 1810, in which his father asked for a
post in the Spanish army against Napoleon, in right of
his relationship to Ferdinand VII., and his being
a member of the Bourbon family. Even con-
ceding that the families of Orleans and of
Bourbon were distinct, the speaker maintained
that if the Bourbon family had the fatal destiny of com-
bating liberty, the Orleans family had the no less fatal
destiny of falsifying and corrupting liberty. The Duke
of Montpensier represented the policy of the House of
Orleans as the King of Prussia represented the interests
and ideas of the great Frederick. Let them contemplate
the great catastrophe which Orleanism had produced
iii France. Senor Castelar drew a vivid picture of the
Orleans party, which might have avoided all errors
and crimes, but which, without the excuse of faith,
had accepted them all, and dedicated them all to the barter
for life ; which strove to conciliate all extremes ; which had
a God without providence, a religion without faith.
a rationalism without liberty, an aristocracy without privi-
leges, a democracy without equality, which could live in
peace with all, and preserve its tranquillity because this
narrow and feeble party was only great in its own
egotism. After tracing the history of the Mo-
narchy of July down to the abdication, which
he affirmed the Duke of Montpensier forced from his
farther, Senor Castelar continued, " You will tell me that
he is entitled to the consideration of the revolution of
September by his services against the former dynasty.
But I say that those services incapacitate him from ascending
the throne. By his treachery against his own relatives he
has offended that sentiment of justice, which is radically
incompatible with the cruel reasons which he calls reasons
of State. In every generation humanity has taken the
same side. Castille pardoned Don Pedro his cruelties in
the catastrophe of Mon tiel, and was never grateful to Don
Henry of Tr astereare for his order. And the French revolution
was the same. The Duke of Orleans, the grandfather of
the Duke of Montpensier, might have been King. He had
friends in Montana and the Girondists. He was a
general and a great general in the army. Why
was he not chosen? That is explained by ono
memorable night. When the Convention voted
the death of Louis XVI., amid the applause and
the acclamations of the multitude, the vote came to
the turn of the relation of Louis XVI., to the Duke of
Orleans. He advanced gravely to the tribune and pro-
nounced the following words, " I vote for the death of the
tyrant, and for the immediate death." A cry of reprobation
came from every breast—one of those sublime cries that
reconcile us to human nature, and which in these
great crises are nothing less than the voice of the univer-
sal conscience. That cry of horror has been repeated by
humanity at large. That cry of horror will be repeated
through all generations, and will pursue the fratricide
through the eternal infamy of history. The conscience of
Spain," continued the orator, "of a nation whose family life
and affections were strong and intense could not pardon
the Duke of Montpensier his revolutionary treacheries.
Furthermore, they must not divide the bonds that consti-
tuted a nation. It was not constituted by the language,
by the geography, by the unity of the race.
It was consitituted by the grand community
of glorious recollections. After recounting the
triumphs of Spanish arms in the Old World and the
New, he said, that the greater part of their achievements
had Veen won against the Freach. To-day, the Spanish
people forgot that in their respect for the French who
would be their brothers ; but in their pride they
could not respect a. Frenchman who would be their king.
The result of all this was that no candidate more unpopu-
lar than the Duke of Montpcnsir could be suggested for
Spain. There could be no more unpopular king, and one
of those unpopular kings, whom liberty has dethroned
and sacrificed because they cannot live in peace with liberly.
His reign would be a restoration, and its commeneement
would be as infelicitous as the ena of the reign of
I3Aella 11. Senor Castelar concludedas follows :—" th-ope,
th4n, that you will support my motion. I hope it chiefly
of the Government. I heard the Senor President of tile
Council of Ministers say one day, with respect to the
restoration of the Bourbons, 'Never, never, never.' / asked
myself what the orator meant by using these throe
adverbs. The first "Never" referred to the family of Don
Cellos ; the second "Never " to the family of Isabella II.;
the third " Never" to the family of the Duke of Mont-
)ensier. (Laughter and cheers.) In presenting this
motion I have fulfilled a debt of conscience. T 9 this
quagmire unwillingly, you who direct the revolution of
September consigned the adventurers of the Restoration.
Liberals, you Lave destroyed liberty; you who direct Spain
to fall before a foreign king. Spaniards, you have de-
stroyed your country, I have said." Senor Caste4r, who
was listened to throughout with eager attention, WAs
congratulated by all parties on this speech.

ISTHMUS OF PANAMA.—The Panama War Inc,
Herald, o January 1, states that the Government of
Bogota has not only conceded ample permission to the
United States representatives to make a survey of every
part of the Isthmus of Panama, but has sent special
instructions to the State authorities to afford every
facility. The difficulties arising hitherto, says the Star,
have always been in the views and management of the
parties to whom the enterprise has been entrusted. In any
other part of the States the task would be comparatively
easy, but in the tropics the nature of the climate, the
dense vegetation and the Indians' opposition are all to be
encountered. Earlier expeditions failed from want of this
practical knowledge, and the Star observes that the ex-
,erience of the Indian often surpasses the theoretical
book knowledge of the white man. It is therefore to be
hoped that the new expedition will start well prepared for
difficulties, and it is suggested that the route by the
railroad, as the easiest and most feasible, should be first
explored.
THE LATE .1.41. ROWLAND WILLIAMS'S POSTIIII-
mous Works.—A correspondent writes to the Daily
News :—" W ll you allow me, through yovp:r columm, to
ask the literary executors of Dr. Rowland Williams
whether they aro in a position to inform the reading pu'.
lie if any materials have been left by him toward a second
volume of his "Hebrew Prophets;' and whether, if co,
they will gratify the admirers of the character and the
scholarship of the late Vicar of Broadchalke by publishing
those materials, however incomplete? I would venture
to suggest that, should we 1?43 put in possession of so
pieoious a souvenir of the scholar, it should not, like the
first volume, be witk93o all Ftaehinery for reference)
either to the Eiebrowi'llho a4th9404 T 0.4194:, •

SHIPWRECKS.

THEDDLETHORPE, LINCOLNSHIRE,
Monday.

The Rev. L. D. Kennedy reports that the
Dorinda and Barbara lifeboat, of the National
Lifeboat Institution, stationed at this place,
brought safely ashore, yesterday afternoon, the
crew, numbering 15 persons, of a foreign ve:_:sel
laden with coals, from Newcastle. The men had
abandoned their ship, which they believed was in
a sinking state, and were picked up outside the
surf by the lifeboat.

The lifeboats Quiver, at Margate, and Con-
stance, at Tynemouth, were also launched on Sun-
day to the aid of distressed vessels, but their ser-
vices were not ultimately needed.

ST. AUSfELL, CORNWALL, Monday.'

The coxswain of the Mevagissey lifeboat, South
Warwickshire, belonging to the Lifeboat Society,
states this morning he discovered the fragments of
a large ship at Chapel Point, about a mile from this
place (says Mr. Wm. Robarts, jun.) She must
have run ashore unobserved in the heavy gale of
last night. It is feared she was a homeward
bound English vessel, and that all hands have
perished.