The Sun.
London, England, 1846-09-12 00:00:00

THE 'SUN,_ LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 12,-1846

season.
" Last year, when it appeared that a considerable
portion of the food of the people had perished, we con •
fidently anticipated that at the return of harvest the
people would be restored to the enjoyment of their usual
supply. We had, therefore, to provide for a present,
but temporary, deficiency ; and our exertions for the
relief of the people were adapted to such an emergency.
" We did not then at all contemplate a remedy by pro-
ducing out of the ground a substitute for that which had
perished; the temporary necessity would have passed
away before such a remedy could have come iato opera-
tion.
" All that was possible in the present distress was to
accomplish a fair and economical distribution of the food
which remained, supplying the actual deficiency by the
purchase of foreign corn.
" To effect this, it was only required that the labour-
ing population, who had lost their food, should be fur-
nished with more than ordinary resources in wages. The
readiest and the most available means of affording such
wages was found in the making and levelling of roads,
other works of the like description; and such works were
therefore, generally adopted.
" These works, we conceive, to have been suited to
the emergency, and highly useful for their temporary
purpose.
" But we feel called on to express our conviction that
the present deficiency is not temporary, but permanent.
None of us now entertain the expectation that next
year's potato crop will put an end to our difficulties by
supplying food for the people. •
" We have to longer a temporary deficiency to meet,
and we cannot rely on those expedients which were
hastily adopted to meet a pressing, and, as it was hoped,
a passing emergency. We are satisfied that a continued
reliance on those expedients, so far from affording per-
manent relief, must inevitably aggravate the evils with
which we are now threatened, and prove highly in-
jurious to the true interests of all classes.
"For the question is not now of the distribution, but
of the production of food. We have not now to relieve
a temporary distress, but to make provision for the food
of a people.
" We cannot hope for the permanent supply of the
deficiency of our home produce from the introduction of
foreign corn, to be paid for by a tax on the land, which
has ceased to be productive.
" We cannot now look on any remedy as adequate or
safe which does not aim at producing out of the ground
a supply of food equal in quantity, and, if possible,
superior in quality, to that which the ground has here-
tofore produced.
" We are of opinion that such a remedy is to be
found only in the employment of additional capital and
labour on the land. It is to the united exertions of the
landowner, the farmer, and the labourer that we must
look for a substitute for the food which has perished.
" To stimulate their energies, and to direct the appl

cation of The capital, the skill, and the labour of these
several classes to the increased cultivation of the land,
afford the only means of escaping from the evils with
which we are threatened.
" Any measures which tend to divert to other objects
the capital and labour which ought to be so employed,
must, to a corresponding extent, withdraw it from that
channel in which alone it can be really useful.
" To anticipate the available resources of the country,
and to compel or induce the outlay of them on public
works not productive of food, or of any commodity which
could be exchanged for food, must fearfully aggravate
the dangers of our position.
" Such, we are persuaded, must be the ultimate re-
sult, if the relief of distress in the ensuing year is to be
effected by the continuance of the system of public works.
" Under that system two classes, who have heavily
suffered in their incomes—the landowner and the occu-
pier—are taxed for the relief of the national distress,
which results from their peculiar misfortune. Their al-
ready lessened funds are taken away from them at a time
when the increased application of capital to the ground
is most essential to the national safety, and those funds
are employed in withdrawing the strength of the labourer
from the production of food, to expend it in a forced and
unnatural extent upon works which, when completed,
would leave him in a state of starvation as before.
" But this system of relief tends further to discourage
and paralyse the exertions of landowner and farmer still
more than it disables them. If the man who is willing
to employ additional labour on his own land, is also to
be taxed for the support of those labourers whom his
neighbour will not employ, he will he over-burdened, and
will be driven to relieve himself. This he cannot do but
by restricting his voluntary expenditure, and throwing
his labourers, as well as his neighbours, upon the com-
mon fund, as the only means of equalising their burdens.
Many who have employed additional labour already feel
that they will be constrained to adopt this course in
self-defence, if last year's system of relief be per-
sisted in.

"On these grounds, while we are prepared cheerfully
'to undertake whatever burdens are necessary for the re-
lief of present distress, and to make every exertion which
may be required to provide for the future support of the
people ; and while we are willing and resolved, at all
hazards, to provide, by public works, the promptest re-
lief for immediate and urgent necessity, we feel it our
duty to deprecate the continuance of a system which
tends to discourage the exertions of landlord and farmer,
and to misapply the' labour of the people. And we
earnestly recommend as the princip'e of future relief, the
adoption of the maxim—` That the labour for which the
land is compelled to pay, should be applied in developing
the productive powers of the land.'
" Private justice and public policy alike call for its
adoption, for the preservation of the people, under the
heavy calamity which it has pleased God to bring
upon us.
Believing that in free discussion will be found the
best means of supplying a principle so essential to the
national welfare, we shall direct the attention of our
baronies to the subject, and we respectfully recommend
it to your Excellency's consideration."
DEPARTURE OF MR. O'CONNELL.
The Tipperary Vindicator of this day contains the
following :
" Mr. O'Connell leaves Dublin to-day (Wednesday)
for Darrynane Abbey, where he intends to sojourn
for some weeks, to imbibe fresh vigour from his
native mountain air, and to prepare for another cam-
paign for the benefit of Ireland. He will sleep in
Monastereven to-night, and on to-morrow he will
pass through Roscrea and Nenagh,‘ on his way to
Limerick, where he will dine and sleep to-morrow
night. He is to be accompanied as far as Nenagh by
the Head Pacificator. He is expected to arrive in Ne-
nagh between three and four o'clock to-morrow, and
already we are rejoiced for the honour of our noble
county to say that preparations are making to give him
a ceade mile failtha, to show him that he lives and
reigns the sole idol of a brave and determined people's
political affections. On Monday the town council of
Nenagh met, and unanimously voted an address to him,
which is to be presented on Thursday. A vote of confi-
dence in his integrity, wisdom, and matchleas zeal as the
great guide and leader of the Irish people, was also
voted to him by that body."

SUPPOSED MllEDER.—Thursday afternoon an in-
quest was held before Mr. W. Baker, at the Royal Pavi-
lion Tavern, 3ew-road, Whitechapel, respecting the
death of a male infant, unknown, whose body was found
in a water-closet, on Tuesday last. Mrs. Ann Burgis
stated that she resided at No. 35, Lambeth-street,
Whitechapel. On Monday last, while in the water-
Closet at the back of the premises, she discovered the
body of the deceased, and with the assistance of a neigh-
bour named Rose, she succeeded in recovering it shortly
afterwards. Witness further stated that there was
another water-closet adjoining theirs, which was an
open one, and any person could gain access to it by
passing through White Bear-yard, adjoining their pre-
mises. Mr. Carrington, a surgeon, in Leman-street,
deposed that the body was a full grown male infant, it
might have been dead four or five days. There was a
large quantity of paper found in the month of the de-
ceased. The jury, at the suggestion of the coroner,
returned a verdict of " Found dead."

A EWE WORTH HAVING.—At Warmanbie, near
-Annan, a Southdown ewe dropped, on the 7th February
last, a fine lamb, which she carefully reared up till 17th
July. In this there was nothing remarkable ; but the
shepherd, in common with others, felt, indeed, surprised
when the same animal gave birth to two fine tup lambs
so late as the 31st ultimo, both of which are doing well.

Dells and Fore, in the court-house at Kells, on Saturday,
the sth of September, 1846, " to draw up a statement to
be hid before the Lord-Lieutenant as to the nature of,
the employment which ought to be provided for the poor
`during the ensuing season," the Most Noble the Mar-
quis of Headfort in the chair, a report to his Excellency
the Lord-Lieutenant having been adopted, "recom-
mending as the principle of future relief the adoption of
this maxim : —That the labour for which the land is
compelled to 'pay should be applied in developing the
productive powers of the land:"
And the following suggestion having been read by
the Archdeacon of Meath:—
It was moved by JOHN FARDELL, Esq., and seconded
by JOHN TISDALL, Esq.,
Resolved—That the suggestions now read be printed
and circulated as soon as possible through, the baronies
of Upper and Lower Kells and Fore.
Moved by GEORGE BAMFORD, Esq., and seconded by
the Rev. Mr. KERMAN,
Resolved—That a general meeting of the three ba-
ronies aforesaid, be called for Monday, the 21st instant,
to take the said suggestions into- consideration.
Suggestions for promoting" measures of reli,ef on the
principle " that the labour for which the land is com-
pelled to pay, should be applied in developing the pro-
ductive puwers of the land."
It being generally agreed that a rate sufficient to pro.
vide for the employment of labour should be levied in
mil district, and that this rate should be paid by land-
lord and occupier, according to the poor-law valuation:
It is suggested that instead of this money being taken
from the farmers and wasted in useless and unproduc-
tive works, each person liable to pay this rate should
have the option of expending it upon his own land in ad-
ditional labour upon works tending as far as possible to
promote increased production of food.
That the most suitable and profligate works in each
locality would be best ascertained by inviting proposals
from the rate-payers, each for his own land.
Various other suggestions follow.
The following is the report to theeLord-Lieutenant:—
" TO HIS EXCELLENCY JOHN WILLIAM EARL OF BES-
BOROUGH, LORD LIEUTENANT GENERAL AND GENERAL
GOVERNOR OF IRELAND.
" We, the Central Relief Committee of the baronies
of Upper and Lower Kells and Fore, having already, in
our several local committees, reported to your Excel-
lency our operations arising from the failure- of last
year's potato crop, are now desirous of submitting our
unanimous opinion respecting the nature of the mea-
sures required to meet a yet more extensive calamity.
" We have, in the first place, to express our convic-
tion that the case which we are now called on to meet
differs, not only in degree, but also in the nature of
the evil, from that which we had to contemplate last

FRIDAY NIGHT'S GAZETTE.
WAR-OFFICE, SEPT. 11,1846.
7th Light Dragoons—Lieut. J. M. Hagart to be Captain,
by purchase, vice Wyndham, who retires; Cornet E. H.
Cooper to be Lieutenant, by purchase, vice Hagart; C. F. C.
Colmore, Gent. to be Cornet, by purchase, vice Cooper,
Sept. 11.
13th Light Dragoons—Lieutenant J. E. Madocks to be
Captain, by purchase, vice Nicholson, who retires; Cornet
J. M. Clements to be Lieutenant, by purchase, vice Ma-
docks, Sept. 11; Cornet F. F. W. Harvey to be Lieutenant,
by purchase, vice Allgood, who retires, Sept. 12; A. Tre-
mayne, Gent., to be Cornet, by purchase, vice Clements,
Sept. 11; Sir H. H. Edwardes, Bart., to be Cornet, by pur-
chase, vice Harvey, Sept. 12.
Scots Fusilier Guards—Ensign and Lieutenant Francis
Haygarth to be Adjutant, vice Murray, who resigns the 2 Ad-
jutantcy only, Sept. 11.
Ist Regiment of Foot—Staff Surgeon of the Second Class
A. Knox, M.D., to be Surgeon, vice Carson, who exchanges,
Sept. 11.
54th Foot—Ensign W. Marriott to be Quartermaster, vice
J. Willox, who retires upon half-pay, Sept. 11.
98th Foot—Captain R. G. Johnstone, from the Royal
Canadian Rifle Regiment, to be Captain, vice Hill, who ex-
changes, Sept. 11.
95th Foot—Lieutenant J. H. Carew, to be Captain, by
purchase, vice Baines, who retires ; Ensign J. N. Sargent,
to be Lieutenant, by purchase, vice Carew; G. C. Taylor,
Gent., to be Ensign by burchase, vice Sargent, Sept. 11.
Rifle Brigade—CaptainA. J. Lawrence, to be Major, by
purchase, vice Sullivan, promoted; Lieut. C. H. Pollen to be
Captain, by purchase, vice Lawrence ; Second Lieut. Hon. G.
Elliot to be First Lieutenant, by purchase, vice Pollen;
W: W. Knight, Gent., to be Second Lieutenant, vice Elliot,
September 11.
3d West India Regiment—W. Browne, Gent., to be As-
sistant-Surgeon, vice Thompson, appointed to the 85th Foot,
Sept. 11.
Royal Canadian Rifle Regiment—Captain P. Hill, from
the 68th Foot, to be ,Captain, vice Johnston, who exchanges,
Set. 11.
STAFF.—Paymaster A. Thompson, from half-pay 81st
Foot, to be Paymaster of a Recruiting District, vice Storey,
deceased, Sept. 11.
HOSPITAL STAFF.—Surgeon W. Carson, M.D., from the
Ist Foot, to be Staff Surgeon of the Second Class, vice Knox,
who exchanges; D. 0. Clayton, M.D., to be Assistant-Staff
Surgeon, vice Traquair, who resigns, Sept. 11.
UNArracugn.—Major W. Sullivan, from the Rifle Bri-
gade, to be Lieutenant-Colonel, Sept. 11.
COMMISSARIAT.—The commission of Mr. M. Bailey, as an
Assistant Commissary-General, haS been cancelled from the
25th July, 1846, inclusive, he having been permitted to re-
ceive a commutation in lieu of the half-pay of his rank.
MEMORANDUM.—Lieutenant-Colonel William Ernst Jack-
son, on half-pay of the Royal Artillery, has been permitted
to retire from the Army, with the sale of a Lieutenant-
Colonelcy, he being about to settle in Nova Scotia, Sept. 11.
Commission by the Lord Lieutenant of Surrey.
R. W. Edgell, Esq., to be Deputy Lieutenant, August 14.
Commission by the Lord Lieutenant of Suffolk.
East Suffolk Regiment of Militia.—J. G. Sheppard, Esq.,
to be Captain, Jaly 14.

FATAL POACHING AFFRAY.

DARING AND EXTENSIVE
ROBBERY.

A robbery was committed early on Sunday merning,
on a gentleman from Carlisle, of a most daring nature.
The gentleman arrived from Carlisle by coach about
half-past one in the morning, and intended going to the
Harrow Inn. When he got to the High-street he
turned to the left, and not knowing the street in which
the inn was, he inquired of a man at South Gray's Close,
who told him that by going down that close and along
the Cowgate he would reach the inn. Mr. Brown (the
traveller) did not observe the man who so instructed

him follOw down the close after him. But scarcely had
he reached the middle of it, when three men suddenly
seized and dragged him into a house, which was dark,
one of them holding him so firmly by his neckcloth,
that he could not call out, and all of them threatening
to murder him if he spoke. Immediately on getting
him into the house, the ruffians threw their victim down
on his face, and held him there. In an instant, another
man, accompanied by two women, made their appearance.
The latter seized Mr. Brown by the feet, while the former
proceeded to rob him, the other three holding on as
already described. In trying to resist, one of the men
gave Mr. B. a tremendous blow on the side, on the nape
of the neck, and also on the temples. They then
turned their victim on his back, used most violent

language, and threatened more violent deeds. They
then rifled his pockets, and took from him a memoran-
dum and a cheque-book containing bills and bank-notes
to the amount of 875/. They consist of cheques on the
Bank of England, payable seven days after sight, one
for 3001., one for 2001., one for 1001., and three for 501.;
two bills, one for 121. and the other for 11/. 103. • and
the remainder in 10Z and 5/. bank notes. It is believed
that the bills have been all burned. It is a wonder that
therobbers should have allowed 10 sovereigns, which
the gentleman had in one of his pockets, to escape their
vigilance. When the ruffians had effected the robbery,
thy ran out of the house, followed by the gentleman ;
but he being stunned by the suddenness of the attack,
and bewildered from not knowing where he was, they
escaped. In pursuing them he called to the police; but
from the place being in a back lane, a short time elapsed
before an officer came, to whom he related the par-
ticulars of the robbery. Information was immediately
given to the lieutenant on duty, and soon after, six men
and two women of suspicious character were appre-
hended, but none of the money was found upon them.
They have been remanded to '1 hursday for further ex-
amination. In the meantime payment of the bills and
cheques has been stopped at the banks, and it is under-
stood that the officers of justice are in possession of such
facts as will lead to the recovery of a considerable part of
the property, and also to the conviction of the parties
who have been apprehended. It is somewhat singular
that, when the gentleman who was robbed was taken
next day to the house in which the deed was perpe-
trated, he could not recognise the dwelling, and was
only satisfied on seeing his carpet-bag, hat, and um-
Hinishpisochkuertr-book was found lying not far
37, he left on the morning of
tbhreelrlao,bwbehriych. ,
from the house, having evidently been thrown out of a
window.—Edinburgh Wee* Register.

SANATORY CONDITION OF

CAMBRIDGE.

We beg to direct the attention of our readers to a letter,
and to a few remarks on this subject which we made
last week, and which some of our London contemporaries
considered not unworthy of a more extended circulation.
There is, we think, much truth and one or two useful
hints in the letter of our correspondent ; and when the
valuable doctrines of agricultural chemistry come to be
better understood, we believe that agricultural improve-
ment and sanatory reform will go hand in hand. Thrift
will protect us against pestilence. Much has already
been accomplished in this important province. Our
cities are no longer absolute accumulations of the filth of
centuries. Years, as they roll on, do not, as they once
did, deposit in our streets successive strata of unwhole-
some soil. We know one or two cases in which it has
been actually ascertained that causeways bad risen in
the course of successive ages till the ground-floors of the
houses on each side had actually sunk down in cellars.
This is no longer the case. The scavenger has in some
measure superseded the doctor. Much of the refuse of
our towns enriches our fields. And it must be con-
fessed that though not practically carried out to any
great extent, juster ideas on this subject are beginning
to prevail. Still there is much to be accomplished. Much
that is valuable is still thrown away. It is not only lost,
it is permitted to contaminate the atmosphere which we
breathe, and to pour down a tributary pestilence into the
streams which we drink. How many millions of money
are thus annually wasted ! Why should a source of na-
tional treasure, equivalent almost in annual amount to
the interest of the national debt, be permitted not only
to lie waste—to remain unproductive, but even to poison
the very air and water—to foster disease—to destroy, in-
stead of nourishing life ? Those very substances which,
in a state of decay and putrefaction, exhale a periodical
plague and destroy millions, might, in the hands of skill
and science, and good husbandry, sustain millions. There
...

is an old Scotch proverb which says, and who can deny
it ?—that " muck is the mother Of the meal-chest."
Manure is a treasure. Why should this treasure be per-
mitted to accumulate around us—to stagnate under our
houses—to disgust us in our streets—to smite us down
with disease—to generate an everlasting, though insi-
diotis plague, by actually and constantly diffusing death
around us, and swelling our tables of mortality, when a
little thrift, a little common sense, a little wise pre-
caution, and very little science, would transform it into
the golden fruit of an overflowing harvest ? Guano in-
deed I We have guano in our sewers—we are guanoed
to death ; and yet we traverse the ocean to import what,
in another form, is killing us daily and by inches in
revenge for being neglected. Thanks to our corres-
pondent for this hint. We shall have more to say upon
this subject, and on the subject of baths. Let it not be
imagined that Cambridge is positively a pi,-sty. It is,
we presume, much upon a footing in point of cleanliness
with other English towns, Plough labouring, of course,
under the peculiar disadvantage of being located in a
dead flat. Though a classical city, it wants the Acro-
pnlis of Athens and the seven hills of imperial Rome.
Its learned atmosphere is little disturbed by the invigo-
rating sea-breeze. The more public streets are tolerably
swept,
and though the Castle-hill has been incarcerated
for some time within the county prison, the college walks
and one or two pleasant pieces (so-culled) discharge
pretty well the functions of public lungs. But the pes-
tilence is beneath. It is a subterraneous calamity which
we lament ; and we must agitate the institution of a
sewage company to pump up this pestilence, and, with
the touch of Midas, to convert it into national wealth
and the staff of life.—Cambridge Advertiser.

SHEEP HortNs.—An arrival of rather a novel cha-
racter has taken place by a vessel from Constantinople,
which may be particularly noticed, even on acecunt of
its extent—viz., the large number of 59,656 sheep horns.
The sheep bred and reared in this country have, gene-
rally speaking, no horns, excepting the description
known as rams, but it-may be judged that Turkish
sheep are possessed of that particular feature, as the
sarce. vessel brought several hundred packages of sheep
and lamb skins, and, therefore, the horns may be con-
sidered as part and parcel of the same produce. Such an
importation from Turkey appears to us to be very un-
usual and remarkable, especially to the extent men-
tioned in the present instance,

NEWTON ABBOT, TUESDAY.—An examination took
• place yesterday, before Mr. H. Cartwright and Mr. R.
Flamank, magistrates of this district, relative to an
affray which took place on Saturday night, between a
party of poachers and the gamekeepers of Sir Walter I'.
Carew, Bart., of Hac—dombe-house, in which a young
farmer, William Setter, who was assisting the keepers,
was shot by one of the poachers. It appeared from the
evidence of the witnesses, that the principal keeper,
Festus Harris, accompanied by the gardener, when pass-
ing by one of the preserves, on Saturday, heard the re-
port of fire-arms in such rapid succession as led him to
conclude that a formidable gang of poachers were out.
Fearing to encounter them albne, the keeper called to
their assistance Mr. Robert Rendell, a neighbouring
farmer, William Setter (the deceased), and four other
persons. Guided by the reports, the keeper and his
party proceeded to a spot called Blendfield, where they
came up with the poachers, whose number, owing to the
darkness of the night, they could not ascertain. The
keeper's party having so disposed themselves as to pre-
vent escape, it was arranged that two should enter the
field, and that the word " gate" should be the signal to
those outside. Mr Rendelland the deceased had no sooner
got into the field than they saw one of the gang making
towards them with a gun in his hand. The signal was
given, and whilst the keeper and the others were ap-
proaching, the pcacher (who was now recognised as a
man named Henry Warren) was commanded by Mr.
Rendell to surrender. To this ho paid no attention, but
raising the gun (a double barrel) to his shoulder, he
moved forward a few paces, when Mr. Rendell said,
"We know you ; you had better not fire." Warren,
perceiving he had no chance of escape, his party being
some distance off, discharged one barrel at Setter and the
other at Mr. Rendell. The unfortunate man fell, and
Mr. Rendell, who had felt the charge pass close to his
head, rushed in upon Warren, who made a violent re-
sistance, but was eventually secured, his companions
having escaped. The wounded man, who had received
the whole of the charge in his abdomen, was carried to
the house of Mr. Elias Rendell, of Buckland, where he
received such assistance as could at that late hour be
procured. On the following morning the best surgical
aid was obtained, but, there appearing no chance of his
recovery, Mr. Cartwright, who was informed of the cir-
cumstances, attended and took his depositions, which
were reduced to writing. Setter, after he had signed the
depositions, never rallied, and expired on Sunday after-
noon. The prisoner was brought before the magistrate
on Monday for examination. In addition to the facts
above described, the surgeon who made the post mortem
examination of the body stated that the wound was
about_ two inches in length, from which the bowels pro
truded. A number of small-sized shot were found in
the entrails and the liver was extensively lacerated.
One of the links of a watch chain worn by the deceased
was found in the stomach. Mr. Bendell stated, that
after the prisoner was secured, he said he was very sorry
for what he had done, and that he only wished that the
gun had broken in pieces when he first took it into his
hand. The prisoner, who made no defence, was fully
committed for trial at the next assizes, on the charge of
the " Wilful Murder" of William Setter, and another
for shooting at Robert Rendell, with intent to kill,
One of his associates has been apprehended and com-
mitted on a charge of poaching. This terrible affray
has caused great consternation in the neighbourhood,
where game is strictly preserved, but where there is a
vast deal of poaching, the practice being rather favoured
than resisted by the generality of the farmers, many of
whom regard the game as an intolerable grievance.

DREADFUL AND DESTRUCTIVE

FIRE.

(From the Liverpool Mercury of yesterday.)
Since the awful calamity which destroyed the sugar-
orks of Messrs. Brancker, in Harrington-street, Li-
verpool has not been visited by a fire so alarming in its
nature, and so destructive in its effects, as that which
occurred last night, and which has resulted in the total
desvuction of the works of Messrs. Macfle and Sons,
sugar refiners. The building, which is now a blackened
mass of ruined walls, is situated in Bachelor-street, Dale-
street, and runs from Bachelor-street to Orange-street,
bounded at the south end by Hale-street. With the
exception of one sugar-house in London, which is en-
tirely fire-proof; this was considered the safest in the
kingdom. It was well and substantially built, and with
machinery, cost the enormous sum of 40,0001.
The fire broke out, as near as can be ascertained, about
half-past six o'clock. The workseen, we believe, had
either left the premises or were preparing to take their
departure ; and what randers the origin of the fire a
mystery is, that five minutes before the flames were dis-
covered, Mr. Thebaven, one of the managers, who re-
sides in the presmises adjoining, states that he went
through the works about half-past six, and at that time
ho perceived no light, the men having left work at dusk.
It was not the practice to use lights in the top stories.
He then went into his own house, and in the course of
three minutes an alarm was given. Rushing again into
the works, he found them in flames. There was a hose
on the premises; but the flames had proceeded so rapidly
that it was impossible to connect it with the cistern.
Although not a moment was lost, and the engines
were soon got into play, such was the inflammable
nature of the materials inside the sugar-house, well
stored as it was with sugar anti molasses, that the flames
had considerably progressed before any attempt could
be made to prevent their spreading. In a very few
minutes the roof fell in, and the flames rapidly extend-
ing forced their way downward from story to story with
increasing fury.
The building is seven stories high, exclusive of the
cellar; and as floor after floor burst through, the flames
roaring like a mighty torrent, rose to an immense height,
threatening destruction to every building in the imme-
diate neighbourhood. Explosions occasionally took place,
and were followed by the emission of dense masses of
black suffocating smoke, against which the poor firemen
struggled with more than prudent perseverance.
Of course it soon became apparent that nothing of the
building itself could be saved, and the only satisfactory
way in which the efforts of the fire-police could be di-
rected was in protecting the surrounding property.
Immediately opposite the fire, both in Orange-street
and Bachelor-street, are situated a number of low-built
houses, with courts at the back. These are tenanted
by some of the poorest of the poor, principally Irish,
who are crowded together in very miserable-looking
hovels. The streets are very various and confined ; so
much so, that the operations of the firemen were much
impeded.
So alarmed were the poor people at the anticipated
spreading of the fire, and the consequent destruction of
what fragments of furniture they possessed, that they
shortly after the outbreak began to throw their things
into the street, those on the west side passing them
1 through the courts and over the wall into Moorfields.
The confusion and alarm which prevailed was great.
Women in desperation rushed into their houses, calling
for their offspring ; regardless of self, they passed
through thick clouds of smoke and burning cinders to
rescue their children, whilst their husbands tried, many
of them in vain, to snatch from destruction a few articles
of bedding.
The whole of the streets for some distance off were
lighted up as at noon day. The face of the exchange
clock appeared as if illuminated, and even in Lord-
street the reflection of the flames was distinctly visible. '
Occurring at an hour when the workmen were at
hand, a considerable quantity of property was saved.
Parties acquainted with the premises continued to work
as long as it was considered safe in the lower stories,
and a large number of casks of molasses were taken
away.

Too much praise cannot be given to the fire-police for
their great exertions. Mr. Dowling, the chief constable,
was early on the spot, exerting himself and directing the
energies of the force under him in the manner best cal-
culated to save life and property. Mr. Hewitt, who
may be considered the practical superintendent, was, as
usual, exceedingly active and energetic. Messrs. Whitt',
Swinton, Boult, Barry, Dawson, Brodie, and Sutton,
deserve special mention for the exertions used by them
on the occasion.

Mr. Macfie was also in attendance, and whilst the
alarm was spreading that the walls were likely to fall,
he expressed his belief, so substantially were they built,
that they would stand. His expectations have been
realised in the result. He displayed praiseworthy con-
sideration for the poor fellows who were risking their
lives in preserving property, and urged the officers of
police to be exceedingly cautious, and not needlessly
throw themselves in the way of danger.
As we have before stated, the building and machinery
cost 40,0001. Taking its present value, however, at half
that sum, and calculating the stock at 40,000/., which we
believe to be pretty near the mark, it will require
60,0001. to cover the entire loss, to say nothing of the
destruction to the furniture of the poor people, and the
loss to the workmen (100 in number) who will unfortu-
nately be thrown out of employment.
We believe the premises, stock, and machinery, were
fully insured. _ _

On no occasion do we remember seeing so many per-
sons crowded together to witness a fire. Moorfields,
where an excellent view was obtainable, was literally one
moving mass of persons, whilst Dale-street and Tithe-
barn-street, were perfectly impassable. In North John-
street, a large concourse of persons was attracted by the
flames, which rose a great height above the lofty build-
ingson the north side of Dale-street.

Although, at one time, it appeared beyond the reach of
human power to protect the houses on each side from
the raging flames, we are happy to say that, at the hour
of writing, there is no likelihood of their extending be-
yond the building in which they were discovered. To
the stability of the walls this must be attributed • for,
had they given way, the vent thus given to the dames
must have proved destructive to the whole of the houses
on either side. The consequences such a calamity
are too dreadful to contemplate.
Although there were several rumours of personal ac-
cidents, none of them, so far as we could learn, have any
foundation in truth, and this is very remarkable, consi-
dering the narrow space for the operations of the fire-
men, the men working the engines, and those engaged in
preserving the property from the flames.

POLICE INTELLIGENCE.
MANSION-HOUSE.
THE CITY POLICE.—A remarkable scene took place
yesterday. A labouring man named William Burke
was put to the bar, and a man named Lockwood, the
foreman of a gang of men who have been employed in
making repairs on the premises of Messrs. Tegg, book-
sellers, in Cheapside, appeared upon bail to answer the
charge of Burke.
Inspector Waller, of the City police, stated that on
the 18th of August the house of Mr. Ledger, hat manu-
facturer, of Cheapside, was entered by thieves at the
back of the premises in Pancras-lane, and robbed of
cash to the amount of 2301. On Thursday night Burke
called in a state of intoxication at the station-house, and
at ter expressing a desire to see the policeman who had
been near the premises on the night of the robbery, and
whom the Commissioner had discharged in consequence
of neglect of duty, declared that Lockwood was the
person who committed the robbery. Burke was de-
tained, and witness considered that under the circum-
stances the most proper course that could be pursued
was to submit the case for investigation before the
magistrate.
Alderman WILSON having ascertained that Burke,
whose manner was rather eccentric, was perfectly sober
upon being brought up, desired him to say what he knew
upon the subject.
Burke said that he was one of tho men employed upon
Mr. Tegg's premises to repair them, under the authority
of Lockwood, the foreman, and that on the morning of
the robbery he found a lamp rolled up in an old coat
belonging to the foreman in the warehouse, and handed
it to the foreman in the warehouse, who said, " Let it
be." That lamp was found upon the premises, when it
was discovered that the house of Mr. Ledger was plun-
dered, and he (witness) was sure it was the same. He
remembered it was covered with mortar at the time.
Alderman Wu.soer completely investigated the case,
and found there was not the slightest ground for the
charge of robbery against Lockwood, who, it appeared,
had discharged -Burke and another of the men for
drunkenness two days before. The Alderman declared
that he did not believe one word that been uttered by
Burke, and said that the foreman would leave the Jus-
tice-room without a taint on his character.
Mr. Barnes, architect, of the Old Jewry, stated that
he had bailed Lockwood, who had at once consented to
have his lodgings searched, and showed in every possible
way that he knew nothing whatever of the robbery.
Mr. Ledger was satisfied that Lockwood knew no-
thing of the robbery. He then said he felt it necessary,
as an inhabitant of Cheapside, to make a serious com-
plaint against the management of the City Police. On
the night the robbery had taken place in his house, the
policeman, under order to watch the neighbourhood,
actually saw two men, who no doubt had just committed
the plunder, jump over the palings into Pancras-lane,
and run down the lane, and allowed them to escape,
without having made any effort to check their flight.
If the policeman had only sprung his rattle, the thieves
must have been taken. He was given to understand that
one policeman in this district having been taken
ill his duty was divided between two others, who thus
had to attend to increased labour, and had a responsibi-
lity of a severe nature placed upon them, which ought
to have been filled by a reserved policeman. Why the
inhabitants of the City should be subjected to the con-
sequences of so meagre a system of protection he could
not see. It was quite absurd to suppose that a police •
man, who had such -an extensive round to take, could
effectively perform the duties required of him. The in-
habitants paid heavily for the police, and it was really
Cenost serious affair that a robbery, such as had taken
place at his house, should have been,perpetrated almost
within sight of one of the force. Certainly the Com-
missioner had most promptly and vigorously investigated
the case, and had discharged the negligent officer, but
what satisfaction was that for the serious loss sus-
tained ?
Inspector Waller, in answer to several questions put by
Alderman Wilson, said that the Commissioner had dis-
missed the officer upon hearing the statement, and gave
an account of the number of policemen kept as a reserve
in the event of illness or other casualty, which was by
no means satisfactory to the Alderman.
Alderman WILSON, after having expressed great re-
gret at the necessity which existed for complaint, said
the inhabitants must be aware that the Aldermen had
now no control whatever over the police. Instead of
having but a few men in reserve to meet any emergency,
the force ought always to have at, least fifty to resort to.
On the old ward system there were always numbers of
men ready to fill up the places of those who were not
able to attend. He was gratified at the conduct of Mr.
Ledger in coming forward to make the statement to
which he had up to that moment been a stranger, and he
trusted that the facts disclosed would lead to an inquiry
calculated to establish more completely the security of
property in the city.
Burke was then fined five shillings for drunkenness,
and not being able to pay was ordered to be imprisoned
for seven days, very much to the satisfaction of the
bystanders.