The Sun.
London, England, 1846-07-15 00:00:00

A-MERU-NN NEWS.
, he foliowing are extracts from the ..Aluerican papers
or°flght by the Caledonia :
°Pill, CATASTROPHE ! LOSS OF THE BRIG
oIITLEDGE, OF PICTOU, N.S. THIRTY PER-
SONS,„ DROWNED.
e The melancholy news of the loss of the brig Sutledge,
41)t. Graham, of and from Pictou, N. S., for Fall River.
048 received here this morning ab not half-past nine
el°ek, by the arrival of the schooner Dusky Sally,
41)t. Wilder of and from Hingham.
pti the arrival of the schooner at Stevens' wharf, the
th9l.Mation rapidly spread to all parts of the town, and
one a,l)Palling scene presented was one the like of which
6,,e inhabitants have seldom had occasion to winess.
Picked deck lay the dead bodies of those who haltbeen
iee,nd up from the wreck, surrounded by their kindred
t,"; friends who had been rescued from a watery grave,
b,'lng vent to their feelings in the most agonizing
iner.
t.'he following particulars of the loss of the brig we
b4°°
received from the captain, who was among the
Itiniyors
kills brig Sutledge, of and from Pictou for Fall
er, sailed on the 12th of June, with 56 passengers—
•,,en
, women, and children. On the evening of the 26th,
eight o'clock, it being thick and foggy, came to
"il'• and at two o'clock, on the following morning,g
age under weigh, and about half-past three struck on a I
j/ of rocks (in the Vineyard) called the Sow and
41'6'. Soon after which, the tide having caused her to
do"' round, she backed off the ledge, filled, and went
7n, bow first, in ten fathoms water. Previous to her
kleg clown the mate was sent below, forward, to ascer-
Lne,if the brig leaked, but he discovered nothing that
110-117171, like it—the pump was then ordered to be
tegeo, but before that could be done, water was
,ircliri!ed in the forecastle. The e boat was then got out
o,"Lie passengers rushed into it, wh the captain gave
eirs to shove her from the brig.en He then jumped
looarel and swam to the boat, and kept her as close
C
th le brig as possible, picking up such as jumped into
hoe,,Water, The whole number picked up in the captain's
11 It' was 31 alive. The schooner Dusky Sally, being
• lent her boat to assist, and succeeded in saving
1417, more alive, who were in the water, and three
de, from the rigging of the sunken brig. Sixteen
14,a' bodies, (four women and twelve children), were
th-e Picked up by the two boats, which together with
toettal?irvivors, were put on board the D. S. and brought
to Place, as above stated. The Captain also states
8.111 A. I
"otner vessel was at the same time picking up what
4drift from the wreek, &c.
MEXICAN WAR.
(From the New York Enquirer.) ,
Z 1? Union is sorely worried by Mr. Webster 's
ittlsa;:l...c,)alm and philosophic speech upon the Mexican
and the was and means necessary to carry it on,
ojTrit cites Mwr: Walker often,. and Mr. Woodbury's
krb.ePorts, at times to refute him. This makes people
Iv-14 part of the country, who know that when Mr.
bat
speaks on the finances of the Govern xient he
reflects the opinions of commercial and business
L'en whom he consults, and who, therefore, through him
;Peak in behalf of experience and practical wisdom,
014. Mr. Walker, neither as a practical nor theo-
fotical financier, has much respect among that class of
444, and Mr. Woodbury's old reports were all romances
sphynx's riddles.
The Union. persists that the Warehousing Bill will
)4d
tMr. Walker's million to the revenue. It is to so
grnent our imports, we are told, by cheapening prices
tt the consumer, that the excess of imports, even under
4,.!'w tariff, will make up this duty. The grave Solon
7sii not inform us how we are ever to pay, in this
anietrY, for this excess of imports, when even now,
r what is called the high and black 'Tariff of 1842,
11,ittkni often drained of the precious metals to pay Euro-
tioall„N:l3lkMen for making for us this excess of imports-
pa,,i The country cannot import more than it can
eetWc)r, for the very obvious reason that Europe will
selling when we cease paying.
Ad: chief point upon which, however, the Union ex-
b:Lthe most of its ammunition, is upon what Mr.
steer Zer sttys of the Mexican war. Because Mr. Web-
ttias„4l not, in his speech, condemn that war as unne-
trso'laggressive, and unconstitutional in advancing our
Noll: to the Rio Grande, beyond the limits of the
Union would fain infer
from some incidental
iltir St that he gives a quasi sanction to it. Mr. Web-
-4,,, reserves his remarks upon this subject, no doubt,
eon! all reserve our remarks till the war is over, and the
lett,lit e Counted, but if in him the Union expects a con-
will find itself much mistaken.
pek9 Union is for fighting on, until Mexico sues for
e'a,fld therefore censures Mr. Webster's idea of a
14 embassy, or any suspension of hostilities till we
prittutroddi-n Mexico under our feet. It flippantly
*lien es marching within the walls of the capital,
it ea if this ever be possible, against an united enemy,
15(1)1„11°t be done within a year, and at a cost less than
tlieat',:4°,ooo, in the necessary outfit of men and arma-
kez, No one proposes now to abandon our war with
all without the prospect of a permanent peace, but
the o Patriotic men urge that the olive branch go with
the t, with he ability to conur, e show
pea4aprosdition to settle,t on equitable terms, anw abiding
*rat:mock heroics of the Union in treating of this pops.,
Were red, anarchical, contemptible Mexico, as it she
abi; England, or France, are both ludicrous and pits-
fae:,Thoere was a peril in the 50'40 swaggering in the
these hel:h?, Bull, that lent dignity to the blusterer, but
bullying acrotaand antics before a Mexican, are like
alexico as
Zs we iartiallYr.When we have thrashed senseless
'vbkster well calls her, into her senses,
ge% we whin have
tOr th "3' this time, it is quite time to tell
r as a master does his schoolboy, not
e love of it, but to tea di him better behaviour,
17? when he promises better fashions,c to hang up the
switeb.
tivelli,Ya!s war with Mexico, we, a strong, and compara-
kit/ rich
, power, owe something to the respect of man:
to 115-1, '0 civilisation, and to Christianity—unless war is
Illereee"le with us a trade, and conquest, instead of com-
Ish,,-,e, our chief pursuit. The annexation of Texas is
deeqe! the French call a fait accompli, but we cannot
factlr,,e ourselves, or hide from the world the
peohLutal it was a province torn from Mexico by our own
last that the boundary of Texas was the Nunes, and
da,„ we have in spite of Mexico, stretched that bouts-
Iftj.Lo Rio Grande, and that then we ostensibly invaded
4,7e1e0 before she struck a blow. It is veryfrtrue we
good claims against Mexico and that Mexico,
respects, severely injured our citizens—but the
he,ston of the Mexican State of Tampulipas, was,
/owl
- all question, the ostensible cause of the war.
thr4!' in this state of things, particularly when we are
itn!atening the armed occupation of California, we owe
11,7 mark of respect to the world, to show, that it is
)I,:' War and conquest we are pursuing as a trade, but
and that an equitable peace is all we desire.
The Government, however, as the Union is its organ,
vnleaely for pursuing a war of conquest, and a long
It will probably be arrested only by the bank-
iptcy of the Treasury, and the necessity of imposing
ihvming taxes. It will then walk out of favour with
‘laPeed of a locomotive.
LETTER FROM MR. CLAY.
he following letter from Henry Clay, addressed to a
mercantilees. house of high standing, is published in the
-"Pier

Atl Ashland, June 5, 1846.
ItAti i eraen —I postponed answering your favour
Yea h-s arrival of the articles to which it refers, which
reachedhs been kind enough to present to me. They
ptnn ',ere yesterday in safety, and I request your ac-
we shalllt'e 0 m thanks for them. The pleasure which
lay dderivey from using them will be much increased
h_ a thls
tie7Aei.nfact, that both the raw material and the fabric
Nlf —"ericau•Their excellence attests the perfection
ieh - •
it is the more gra-
important branch of woollen manufactures
tilifyilittained in the United States, and.
114,„tig because of the great difficulties with which they
Pros
constantly had to contend.
\Ai both .
Plsote,„ sides of the Atlantic, the
to be under
eonsiti".°n to domestic manufactures appearse
policy of affording
kinietecration in the national legislaturre
bracing the
doctri r has brought forward a measure .eniThe British
cr 11„°.2 0f free trade, not however without
tides. Matiartectal, and some very important,ar
exceptions
a very high
tiTonhse
4dne:erere4cotfurt,:,sii.olf Great Britain have reached .
labour, an
lasproved trieetion, by means of her great capital, herd
and machinery, her cheap
rifcro at
swill
of protection, long, perseveringlyimmense
a vantilsY enforced. - She moreover possessesnumerous
and
.ISitnttrages for the sale and distribution of.
Ivldchactures, hi her vast colonial possessions, from
eluded those of foreign powers are either entirely ex•
I am' Or admittM on terms very unequal with her own.
able ei:ot, therefore, surprised that under these favour-
siro t ilmatances, Great Britain should herself be de-
the 8 .°
adopt, and to prevail on other nations to adopt,the
rest Principles of free trade. I shall be, if any of
nano es
of the Continent should follow an example,er
tudpractical effects of which will be so beneficial to h
The injurious to them.
tat ° Propriety of affording protection to domestic
uufnetur its and its duration, depend upon
the eel, degree
tithsettl
Indbeli
nationale:naade. condition and the actual progress which
Each nation, of right, ought to judge
eat a
kV gr
!ssential supplies of foo
eve •that history records no instance of
Pr°sPero s nation, which did not draw its
tdiand raiment from within its own
limits. If all nations
Or if th •
, their manufactures had all made
were just commencing their career,
equal progress, it
rs_ 'At uerhaps be wise to throw open the markets of the
Bat
to the freest and most unrestricted constitution.
tiitut it is manifest, that, while the manufactures of some.ch
tk_ye acquired all the maturity and perfection of which
ingfeY are susceptible, and those of others are yet in their.
tioan.°Y, struggling hard for existence, a free cm/Pell
o between them must redound to the advantage of theo Zperienced and skilful and to the injury of those wh
tjUst beginning to naturalise and establish the arts.
tItNo earthly gratification to the heart of a statesman
lA' be greater than that of having contributed to the
otePtion of a great system of national policy, and of
nr:rwards witnessing its complete success in its practical
virs.tion. That gratification can be enjoyed by thus,
teegtei were inst."umental in establishing the policy of pro
gh. rig our domestic manufactures. Every promise
N,,hicell they made has been fulfilled. Every prediction
the
,Li they hazarded as to the quality and quantity of
the uornestic supply, As to the reduction of prices, as to
%tie:fleet of competition at home, and as to the ahund
it, j of the public revenue, has been fully realised. And
Without
no less remarkable that every counter prediction,
in the
I,l7lexception, of the opponents of the policy, has,
,_"eluel, been entirely falsifiA.
en‘i. nom tracing particularly the operation of our
and "riffs, adjusted to both the objects of revenue
ble protection, and coming down to the last it seems to
public if there ever were a beneficial effect from any
,2,f „sic measure fully demonstrated, it is, that the tariff
,4642, beyond all controversy, relieved both the Go-
,,t-atTilent and the people of the United States, from a
tuPtcy.
oft• Pecuniary embarrassment bordering on bank-
ute ,au •
ling these views and opinions, I should