The Sun.
London, England, 1833-01-24 00:00:00

AMERICAN CONGRESS, DEC. 15.

In a debate to-day in the House, Mr. M`Duffie
incidentally stated, in substance, that if Congress
supported the principles set fortes in the President's
proclamation, the Union of the States could not
stand,

The debate was cut short by the Speaker, as
having no reference to the subject before the House.
TARIFF DUTIES.—The Senate then proceeded to
take up the orders of the day.
The following resolution, offered by Mr. Smith,
on Thursday, be ng under consideration—
" Resolved, That the Secretary of the Treasury
be directed, with as little delay as may be, to furnish
the Senate with the project of a bill for reducing
the duties levied upon imports, in conformity with
the suggestions made by him in his annual re-
port."
Mr. Tyler said that he had beets chiefly instru-
mental in prevailing on the Committee of Finance
to adopt the resolution now before the Senate. It
had been adopted without opposition, and seemed
to meet the entire approbation of all the members
save one. Under these circumstances it had come
before the Senate. He intended it for good. He
thought a speedy action on the subject of the tariff
was indispensably necessary—that it was due to the
country—to the condition of the finances—and de-
manded by the fearful crisis into which our affairs
bad been unfortunately plunged. A great crisis had
arrived, arid definitive action—powerful, well-sus-
tallied, and efficient action—was necessary to save
the country. The subject could not be blinked--
and he, for one, resting upon the principles on which
he had all his life awed, was ready for action. He
was not for shedding blood in civil strife, bur for
prompt legislation, which would heal the wounds
of the country, He found himself, horn ever, differ-
ing with some of those with whom he commonly
acted, and without whose aid the resolution could
not be carried. Some objeated for one cause, and
some for another. He hoped datt those objections
would yield to better reflection, and that those who
agreed in the main would not differ about unessen-
tials. For the present he declined to press the sub-
ject, and moved to lay the resolution on the table.

It will be seen by the proceedings of the House
of Representatives of the United States, that Mr.
Adams, of Massachusetts, on the 20th inst. intro-
duced a resolution, calling upon the President for
his proclamation addressed to the people of South
Carolina. This resolution, by the rules of the
House, lies one day before it is taken up for consir
deration. §hould it call forth a debate, it is proba-
ble a warm ana animated discussion may PTisue,
leading, perhaps, to ;go examination of the principles
of the proclamation, the Tight of nullific.tion, and
the power in the several States of secession from
the Union. We should not be surprised if, at the
present time, a general discussion shou.d be evaded.
The committees to whom the various subject:; in
the President's message were referred, have not yet
reported, and of course; the general policy of the
session is not yet disclosed to the Houses. We
presume some of the most important repxv; will be
made before long, as the session must be a short
one, and a considerable proportion of its duration
has already passed away. Another week will, ac-
cording to usage, be in a great measure devoted to
the approaching Christmas and New Year's holy.
days ; after which the important business of the
Session will force itself on the consideration of the
Houses, and business of a more interesting nature
has very rarely occupied the attention of the na-
tional Legislature. South Carolina appears to be
de,ennithe.i, at all hazards, to persevele in her nulli-
fying course, arid the Executive professes to be as
lesoiuteiy bent on ciuelhne the 4Yuiptionary rhea-

sores which are in train in that state, at least so says
the proclamation. In what precise mode this is to
he accomplished has not yet been communicated to
Congress or the public; but there is some plan
which, in case of necessity, the Administration in-
tend to pursue, is not to be doubted.
We have expected that some attempt would be
made to avoid meeting the state of South Carolina
directly in the face of the subject of nullification,
and the recent measures adopted in that state.
Our correspondent seems to think that measures
will be proposed, which, if carried into effect, will
have a tendency to shift complaint from one part of
the Union to another. How this will be we may
be better able to form some conjecture when the re-
ports of the Committees in both houses are received.
If there is any serious intention of quieting the
south by disturbing the east and north, like all the
efforts that have been made by small politicians to
govern a nation by resorting to expedients, it will
probably prove abortive. The proclamation is in
black and white"—it cannot be resumed or re-
voked ; but the sentiments and doctrines which it
contains will, in defiance of all attempts by whom-
soever made to arrest its progress, go down to future
generations as the true sentiments and doctrines of
the present administration of the National Govern-
ment. The dificidties in the way of its execution
should have been well considered before it was
issued.

(Correspondence of the New York Daily Advertiser:,
EXTRACT OF A LETTER, DATED WASHINGTON DEC. 20,
" We have no hoe news from Sou h Carolina.

understood yesterday that there were handbills in
the city containing Governor Hlne's inaugural
speech ; but from its not being published in the
papers of this morning, I am led to conclude my
informant must have been mistaken, and yet he
stated that it was much more violent than the me:-
sages of Governor Hamilton, and from the tenor of
his remarks I was led to conclnde he had seen and

read it. We may expect to have a response to the
President's proclamation to-morrow or next day,
from the Governor or Legislature of South Carolina.
The whole military force of the United States in,
and ordered to, South Carolina, and to Augusta, in
Georgia, is 19 companies. Of this force six com-
panies are at Augusta, and the remaining portion
are at Charleston, and in its vicinity.
" The report is, that two armed vessels have been
ordered to Charleston; but whether it is to be re-
relied on I cannot say. There is less said here OH
the probable results of the controversy, and on the
measures the exigency of the occasion calls for, than
I supposed would have been the case.
"Mr. Adams offered a resolution to-day which,
by the rules, must lie one day before it can be consi-
dered, requesting the President to lay before the
House his proclamation,and the ordinance of the con-
vention of South Carolina. The friends of Mr.
Adams, so far as I have heard them say anything
upon this movement of his, extremely regret it. It
has been the policy of the south, and particularly of
South Carolina, to impute all of the burdens which
they say the tariff imposes on them to the protec-
tion given to the New England manufactures. It

has 11eett their policy to cast the odium of all the
legislation of the Congress on the subject of the
tariff upon New England, because they have be-
lieved they would thereby detach some of the mid-
dle and the western states from supporting the pro-
lective pc,l cy, and that they would excite a sectional
prejudice against New England that would Ire more
rancorous among themselves than if the middle and
western state were included in their anathemas.
As New England has been the peculiar object of
their hatred and attack., this consideration alone, it

is believed, should have prevented any member from
New England from taking the lead in the present

controversy.

The stations Mr. Adams has lately held, the
rr easures punned to destroy his repu ation as a
man of ititegiiiy, and as a sta esman, by the Presi-
dent and his adhering friends, and by Mr. Calhoun
and his friends, were of that character that should
have deterred Mr. Adams from voluntarily taking
any part in this family quarrel. Mr. Adam:, as a
member of the house, and as a patriot, would be
called on to act fearlessly and firmly, if the Presi-
dent had thought proper to submit his proclamation
to Congress, and to ask fur aid or advice. I have
spoken of a family quarrel—what I mean by it is,
there was an understanding between the friends of
General Jackson and those of Mi. Calhoun, when
the coalition was entered into, to defeat Mr. Adams's
election; that General Jackson was to hold office
but for one term, and then he and his friends were
to support Mr. Calhoun; and if this understanding
had not been violated, we should not have heard

anything about multiplication. General Jackson has
himself been a champion for nullification, nut only
by permitting Georgia to set the lasts and treaties
at defiance, but he has encouraged South Carol►na
to proceed in her mad career. lie approved of the
doctrine advanced by Mr. Hayne, in his speech on
Mr. Foot's resolution, and he wrote a letter to Mr.

Mayne, in which he expressly stated he entirely
col.cuired in his sentiments. It will be time for
Mr Adams and his friends to act when they are
called on. If they interfere, they will find them-
selves in the situation of him who undertakes to
settle quarrels betweeu husband and wife unsoli-
cited.

LATE AND IMPORTANT FROM SOUTH CAROLINA,

Intelligence from this section of our country is

looked for with much greater eagerness than that
from any part of the world. The schooner Star,
which arrived yesterday, thought us papers to the
15th—three days later than those receive t by the
mails. The act to nullify had not passed the Senate
and there was some prospect that they might ad-
journ without pass.ng it. A few days' delay would
bring them the President's Proclamation, which
may change the complexion of things materially.
We give the inaugural address of Governor Hayne;
it is a true counterpart of the sentiments of Guyer-
not Hamilton. He declares his determination to

sustain the state laws over those of the general
Government. Vic- Pt esideriteultiours had been chosen
United States Senator in the place of General Hayne.
Whether he cart accept an appointment previous to

resigning his office may present a novel case, here-
after to be determined,

Charles Coreswoi th Pinckney has keen elected
Lieutenant-Governor of South Carolina.

UNION CONVENTION.—The Mercury of Saturday
contains the following notice of the proceedings of
the Union Convention on the 11th
'The Convention met, and received from Mr.

Randal Hunt resolutions to the following effc-ct,
which he premised by the intimation that he was,
in some sort, in their introduction, the representative
of the Union party of Charleston :
" That the Union party acknowledge no allegiance
to any Government except that of the United States.
" That in referring this resolution to the General
Committee, they be instructed to inquire whether
it is not expedient to give a military organization to
the Union perry throughout the State ?
" Whether it will nor be necessary to call in the
assistance of the general Government for the pur-
pose
of maintaining the laws of the United States
-gainst the 4rbitiaiy violence which is threatened
by the ordinance of the late Convention."

These resolutions were referred to the general
Committee, with only one dissenting voice.
In the House of Representatives, Dec. 12, a
Committee to whom Governor Hamilton's message,
Nu. 2, was referred, reported in favour of a general
Convent►on of the United States, for revising and
amending the federal Constitution, to determine
questions of disputed power, ticc., and directing the
resolution upon this subject to be forwarded to the
Governors of the several States.

A memorial up ti this subject, to be addres,ed
by the Legislatute to Cotgess, was likewise re-
ported by another Committee on the same day,
On the same day is Bill prohibiting the teaching
of *laves to read was edited up, read a third time,
passed, and sent to the Senate fur concurrence.
The Senate has not yet acted upon the bill for
carry.tig into etik ct the decree of nullification, and
ilere 13 some prospect that the subject will be post-

poned by that body until the next session. A grew
re-action is taking place in the country.
INAUGURAL ADDRESS OF THE GOVERNOR OF SOUTH