The Sun.
London, England, 1846-10-20 00:00:00

ititiitlisculTosed to have been a French or Spanish brig, laden
yolo 'lv sidelT, of about 150 tons, and had either a white or
with black. The wreck I.ad, apparently, taken
tce
oasB OF a few'hours previously; crew supposed to he drowned.
THE HELEN JANE OF LIVERPOOL, AND
Th_ F.RIV.ATIONS OF TWO OF HER CREW. _
....,,,,,!toilowing is a letter from the agent to Lloyd's at Cork .
•11,,e4,_fte Rose and Eliza, reported yesterday, fell in with the
13eif_"' cf the barque Helen Jane of Liverpool, bound from
binain‘e to London, on the 27th ult., in lat. 39, long. 58—her
rain mizen masts gone; was waterlogged, and top. sides
artl ,:g 011 The master (Fleming), first and second mates,
20th, her of her crew, had left her in the long boat on the
two ' five men remained on board, three of whom died. The
sionssurvivors were taken from the top; They had no provi-
havi,;,ahrld, as we may imagine, were in a moot awful state,
Inate '' 'e'n compelled to make use of their deceased ship-
p,l,s4
I. These two men go to Liverpool to-day. The Rose
PkBed rnmense quantities of wreck ; about eiht days sin a Swedish sloop-of-war, standing to theg southward. 'e

THE ROYAL PAVILION,
BRIGHTON.

The reports which have gone forth to the public re-
specting the sale and removal of the above palace of
royalty, to furnish the means to erect another royal re-
sidence in some other part of the kingdom, and the
alarm expressed by the inhabitants of Brighton on the
subject—the- Pavilion being considered the key-stone
to its rise, importance, and fashion in society—have
called forth the following " Recollections," by a veteran
traveller:—
The Prince of Wales had scarcely attained his majo-
rity, and the dictation of tutors and restraint were at an
end, when he was invited by the Duke of Marlborough
(father to the present Duke) to pay him a visit at his
summer residence at Brighton, which might be then
considered in its obscurity. It had been recommended
by a celebrated physician of the name of Russell, who
said that coughs were not known amongst the inha-
bitants, and that their lungs were always in the soundest
state of health. Brighton otherwise was merely known
as the place n hich Charles 11. left in an open fishing-
boat to escepe from (Aver Cromwell. The Prince et
Wales accepted the Duke's invitation, and was so de
lighted with the situation of Brighton altogether, that
he resolved, without the slightest hesitation, to have' a
residence there for himself; to resort to when convenient
to him.
On the spot of ground where the palace now stands,
originally was an old barn, with some wretched worn-
out stables attached to it, but by the aid of art, invention,
and taste, it was soon transformed into what was called
the Marine Pavilion, with a public lawn and promenade
before it, open on the south to the sea, and northwards
to the London-road. It was a circular building, with a
lofty dome, and completei in 1784. But in the course
of a few years. an alteration was proposed by Nash, the
architect, and it underwent a total change in appearance
altogether. A variety of opinions have been expressed
as to the look of the exterior of the palace ; but to de-
stroy the following suite of rooms, in the eyes of the
lovers of superior taste and refined elegance, would be
worse than sacrilege.
The Kitchen, if anything in the shape of a pun can be
excused, is a place of such superior taste that the eccen•
tric cook Weltzie, and his servants, were sonic time be-
fore they could reconcile themselves to it, thinking they
were in a drawing room instead of a kitchen ; the style
of it so dazzled them, having four large Chinese lamps,
one in each corner of it.
The Chinese Gallery, 162 feet in length, and 17 feet
wide, never failed to astonish all its visitors—praise and
admiration were loudly expressed at all times, on the
auty it displayed.
The (5) Entrance Hall and Breakfast Room, were in
good keeping with the above unrivalled Gallery. But
The Dining, or Banqueting Room, out-heroded lie-
rod. Sixty feet long, forty-two wide, and forty-five in
height ; the most fastidious critic was compelled, in
point of truth, to pronounce it faultless, and acknow-
ledge it as a specimen of what taste and ingenuity united
could produce to the enraptured eyes of the delighted
spectator. It was embellished with numerous Chinese
standards and other symbols, in the most rich and de-
corative style of the art.
The Green, or Ante-drawing Room could not be
passed over without admiration; it is fifty feet long, and
twenty wide. Indeed, it should seem that every part of
the Pavilion had been a subject of the greatest care and
attention, and that not the slightest charm was over-
looked.
The Saloon, fifty-three feet long, and thirty wide, is
another of those attractive features of elegance and
beauty, and brings the visitor almost to a stand still,
and completely lost in a reverie, at the magnificent ap-
pearance by which he is surrounded.
The Yellow Dining Room, fifty feet by twenty, is
likewise of that captivating character, that the gour-
mand for a short time might forget the luxurious repast
before him, and make more use of his eyes than his
knife and fork.
The Music Room, sixty-two feet long, forty-
two wide, and forty-one in height, and cen•
sidered a rival to the banquetting-room ; and
spectators in general were puzzled to which to
give the preference. In fact, the music room was the
delight of George IV., which he beheld, it is said, with
secret pride. The Chinese paintings exhibited in this
room surpassed everything of the kind, and the most
animated description of the glowing riches and splendour
displayed in the Arabian Nights' Entertainments did
not surpass it. The cap of Fortunatus seemed one of the
auxiliaries to produce this room of enchantment.
The Staircases throughout the Pavilion are of the
most elaborate description ; and excite the greatest ob-
servation.
The windows also are most exquisitely painted.
The Organ, made by Lincoln, is the admiration of all
the musicians who ever heard its fine power and har-
monious execution.
Mirrors of the most costly description are seen in all
of the rooms in the Pavilion.
The Royal Stables, not to be equalled in Europe, have
surprised every person who entered them, for their ex-
tent, elegatce, and comfort to the high-bred cattle which
reposed under their shelter. The dome of the stables is
only twenty feet less than the dome of St. Paul's
Cathedral. The stables are two hundred and fifty feet
in circumference, and fifty broad. There is also a riding-
house, and tennis court attached to them.
The Grounds are laid out in the best style of the pic-
turesque gardener's art, for the space allotted to them,
which were considerably increased some years ago, by
the "Promenade Grove" being purchased and added to
them. The Promenade Greve was opened after the
plan of Vauxhall Gardens, with Galas and Public
Breakfasts. It commenced-under the patronage of the
Prince of Walee, and was well supported by all the no-
bility and gentry in Brighton, and for a few seasons was
carried on with great spirit. The Prince was often
seen in those gardens as a private gentleman, enjoying
tbhre,:,mayenan,dn brilliant.ociet3.. scene by which he was surrounded,
unbending with the gaiety and ease of one of the best
The inhabitants, to acknowledge their gratitude for
the patronage
,Cchhathe
n
es;
town of Brighton' g
el'dr
tnhcee
ehmatdr
abneeset oowf ei ttl, upon the
gave up some ground, in order that the noise "d
of althseo
carriages and different vehicles which were continually'
passing the Pavilion might be
from annoyance
and the leisure
moments of the Prince free fron
Upwards of forty years ago, buildiaYgsnin 'various parts
of the town were erected with such rapidity that strets,
squares, steynee, hotels of the most extensive and mag-
nificent description, followed in such quick succession, that
it was the general opinion that Brighton would be
overbuilt ; but at the present day, in every nook and
corner which can be turned to anything like account,
the builder is employing his capital without the least
fear or hesitation that it will be laid out unwisely, so
much has this fashionable watering-place pro-
gressed in the fashionable world. In truth, it is
entirely supported by visitors, and its own trade, no
manufactures being connected with Brighton. Seven
streets originally belonged to it ; now, upwards of a
hundred can be named. The inhabitants of the olden
time were 3,600, and at the present day more than,
70,000. It might be termed the metropolis of Sussex,
for there is nothing like it in thewhole county for bustle,
population, importance, and fashion, with one uninter-
terrupted drive for carriages along the side of the sea,
for nearly six miles in length.
Therefore, the mere idea of the destruction of the Pa-
vilion has caused great uneasiness to the oldest and
most respectable inhabitants, who have acquired for-
tunes in it, and who feel anxious that it should remain in
statu quo, as a monument or finger-post, that whenever
any of them passed by the Pavilion it would remind
them of the obligation and patronage they had received
at all times from the Prince of Wales, afterwards George
the Fourth.
"Men's evil manners live in brass, their virtues we write
in water."

A NE W STRAND THEATRE.
An ,
doe,, ntyrta:nment, interspersed with sorgs and an,ec-
v 8, illustrative of the I eculiarities of th • Down East
'll:akt", was given last night.' by Mr. Morley. late
.of the
dloe I:e Royal, Covent-(pa, den. Its title is Crossing the
lotv:tc, and Traits and' Travels in America. The. anec-
Irigh ire
characterised by that half-Rabelais, ha.lt-
tro-thelurnour, and exaggeration of figure, for which
treat r Jonathan bas bees me so notorious. We are
ileeioencl with a New York boarding-house. ladys
to of independence by her counselling herd
ele, `e, to procure brushes and backing paste, an
l',;:lilc his own boots. Then we have the large lie of a
brian," green-roona habitue, who, upon some merrimentbeh
peetisrziebzeited in the audieace by the. long pause w
file etween the shot of Caspar's rifle and the fail of
the
in Der FrSchutz. cooly avers that, during a
audding excursion on the Delaware, the river became
rake" over-shadowed by a dark cloud. The sports-
ikit;eclted of doing nothing, lets fly his rifle. No result
ththeir lately follows—the party take coffee, and resume
e riceaversation. Ultimately, however, our friend with
stret„e is struck on the he'd, and the deck of the vessel
Toes a—ed with canvass-back ducks, one of which coolly
P•ClieeinY with the cigar of the wonderful marksman.
ain f- leich of the Lunatic Asylum, at Haarlam, is of too
elrerua ilature, and should be omitted. There is a,very eDiaDes,ang2 The streamer of England," by Eliza Gt!ok, 114(11.h;"3' Louis Emmanuel. The melody is striking,
leeonnace°mPaniment graceful and musician-like. The
t°olYtiete,rt consists of miscellaneous matter, introduc-
e. 4 theme characteristic songs, written by George
"No g, music by Edward Loder ; and selections
cl.llltich el Slick's famous book. These were given with.
the dramatics humour by Mr. Morley. The rendering
'ect, Vocal portion was masked with goc.d taste and
elt.a3 grel,_,t're ',ere several encores, and Mr. Morley ,itintoene. LT" with considerable applause. The entber-
44be ~;" 13 Worthy of a visit, and will, no doubt,
ace-
Plkiefol'cP olur.
Mr. Lewis Emanuel presides at .
rte.
..........._

•
~1' b AV-kl, INTELLIGENCE.
r'111:':1.8f13.4),".11. I OCT. 19.—The. St. Vincent, 120, Capt.
Lollteraiand44.sinh..ip of Admiral Sir Charles. Ogle,. Birt.,
Chief of this port, which came into har-
tlelv4O,l,l,llor)day last, and has since comfortably settledfit
1,1.11(le
,", , er old moorings off Gosport, is ordered. to re.,
IltehcL'Nete for sea service again with all possible di-
tooriii Pursuant to an Admiralty order promulgated this
11,bau dr),?,. The confusion this order has created, and the
,gc,rerLY of the lostof reports it has given rise to, on
a4li It ire of the most extraordinary description. Celrd-
Nip Is, that according to present orders, the fine o.
ip Will b
0, 4 ft„„
~e at Spithead fully manned and stored again
[7'o evo'i ~e
The Admiralty dispatches brought by
"'lett " -°PS are supposed to have been tbe cause of this
i
liTh. the winter Quarters of the St. Vincent.
'inO liad"ratice, 84, Captain Stephen Lushington.,
°titeci . tiger bottom broomed down, was undocked. and
4te4i into the basin this morning, where she is p TO-
11411Piel:Vith
will
rig as rapidly as the smallness of her
tlNi, mint Will permit of. Another hundred men have,
}ll,:os.t.iisheic,uhtieesen,
netre(rleinisedtthoeheexr,trmasaking her complement
.fast, the fame of her
~,, idaeard, nant having brought him a host immediately Sheera for utiouncing the want of.seamen. and petty ~ 4,-, 1, the Vengeance, was exhibited this morning.
(.44 thitit e_l. (:ross-trees; m”thea_d-preennants, and tops
take the t Tung. The marines ha not joined yet.
ith fl• incent leaving for other service she will
I ;`,'l.4eree-„,4F of Admiral Sir Charles Ogle.
1,4`, th,l-,-4reni the Excellent gunnery ship, on Friday
4-irds . - ,Gth inst , at the Leviathan, 74 ; range, 2,400
iiht.°llll.ej, ;4 Munds burst short, several close to the ship;
L IP witi,"leochet) missed the ship ; 2 ditto passed the
4tst them bur • 1 t k the ship, but did not
to ;1 , stin effect ,
1144 'ast) the could not be seen, T 4
The red.

otal, 22
NI CIY-el.
f int otal,
Steam-frigate, Captain W. F. Lapidge,
e (, k
fief uarbour to-day to replenish fuel, and repair a
Th eetS.
Non e erec,,,,,,
tlilis'!eoitl,s.Tlle, 8, troop-ship, Cpmmander_G.L Lowe, is
ta, qtlee
03,
."4.eq pro.cess of smoking, to
rrid her of the
NI. r t•-, with which
Tii, 1

_ vermin she is mile in.
46;;BaeWtiatteierWiitch, 8, Commander Birch, was at St.
41 4,,,t_ inch,
ult.
ollth t ,eeraid
tv.lll p°.43'.
•ue e - etverf land Mercury tenders returned from Ply.
W'pthe°M (,f thu LB4, advance•ship, has been docked in
I .4e Naze.. e Vengeane. roltrov
,* steamer Lieutenant-Commandera
tibcr the b.%.lt:ting), embarked number
of
m Marines
e Be
e.
alongside the dockyard,
or
(B,,,iied 1r i this
morningt o b e employed under the orders
11;!'1'1)e Ireland,l',,i'L'arY-General rlewetson.. .
Ogle,
th t: w ,;:tilkllder • Chief, Admiral Sir Charles
-14t' '-• °ti this"in" • in the Myrtle steamer, and
rtillndorea ,t4ti
.t morning
. .1,14.1, J. m°lspected the Nautilus, 8, Lieutenant Cora
'l'.ip' Can'mait.74l,' OCT. Majesty's ship
_America,
11esclitt..11,' tile lion. .I:Gordon, which left thhearsboouunrd(oinn
;-0718e„,,•1",le 13th remained outside the itl. lignee 01= cOntr a r y winds) ii n : icl ITi tdLui
thens S iary l len
America Henry
414,,1er Majesty's ship Queen, 110, aP a
abo,'e, then in the Sound, signalled
tender, 8,
INt rthidaY on the 15th, and the
therr, "" to her wit Admirelty disp.atches. At sunset
the America was
(4)3,,„- Ivai a light breez off the
liiledith herr topgallar,t sailisasnedt,.'aen:d no doubt ere
at,dis.,!e is clear of the Channel, on h passage to the
li terranean.
N,er Majesty's ship. Thetis, 3G, was put in commission
),`l'd,ty by Captain Codrington. tll,l`l 'e Majesty's ship Queen, 110, at high water, after
tt this evening, was towed by a steam-ship and a
4tit'li her moorings in the Sound to Ramoaze, where
140L\\;vill bear the flag of Port Admiral Sir J(la West.
inell, OCT. 19.—The Sidon steam-frigate, Capt.
N-,,500, C. 8., has her steam up to-day to try her en-
-4.14 at her moorings. Captain Lord Fitzclarunce,
tiNitom
otavvgae:., Ltanrdt. Commander Otway, son of Sir
visited
Woolwich Dockyard to-
-4°1444 went on board the Sidon, where they re• mained
zioo tun,..
aitttilutben' of the Woolwich division of the Royal
i,I4Y, , 'vacated the Royal Artillery barracks to-
l)iil, and they had been accommodated for some
ife \‘,„4 fedmarc to the Hebe receiving ship,
which
4i„, t, rend h Woolwich Dock and wheiewh
kt 3 to Abe their future qnarters until
_th
a',,Ns, ar,,;ile barracks are fully complet d Colonel
tc,'lllc!s .:',',,,.Major Little, barrack-mas.ter tee 'the Royal
tOkt44l kk,41,, L VVoOlWieb visited the Hebe in the_ forenoon,
'6,441(114, that she was in proper order for the amceconme-f
'4l matrhie non-commissioned 'officers and
4114
:Poiria. Btnes has arrived off the Royal Arsenal,
Inc, st tg,,/, c, ores.
linPrin'Rtiec:hert3 I:ieA:tieniasni;,3ltEoNrtge Penelope ; Robert
vt IN, Mast'
GI°1), 1..',4,_'11, Midshipman (Supernumerary),
_to the
N4e'',,t4 'l4' u" Seaton, Lieutenant, to the Coast Guard;
~'Re lttdoelt, Pirst Engineer, to the Penelope ;
l'huntl el', Andrew M'Gregor, and Robert Laing,
p (4414 Tl.NRineers, tu the Penelope • Andrew M‘Farla.ne,
qi:teer,ltleannon, and John 'D. Lamond, Third
414,!1' to the Penelope ; Peter Rundle, Acting-
to th 7), toc'th_th! Prospero ; John Raimbu_ttieeSteenceoentd,
Oser.„),!Jotin`„'
.1 12,9spero;
.Peter M. Godfrotye, L
eittj'_ irit7 'tzdames Pike, Gunner: to !:!. Penelope ;
"t'lh.4' teb7
t: Gunner, to the. Thetis___o,n.George P.
lA' n_lbt: ;.,71,11tti) to the Eurydic_ete;amH Frederick
Factory ,• H.
tott;),`;',llf::.;i:"&ratasatuelyer,attethe studyS
at the Steam Fac-
he4ttttc;,'o4,4b' 4 LYsaght, Lieutenant, to studythe
tletle ~' ; N„J, ; Charles Stirling, Midshipman, atto the.
,it-Y Chtii,""e3 Pellowes, Lieutenant, to the Queen ,
to' 11 3' Wes -el's, Master's Assistant, to the Gladiator ;
,' 4,i'l,a
.r.4l:4,teerle_r_lt:s_Assistant, to the_ Gladiator ; John
;,,', tt,, fYrne,ste:inun ylirser, to the Penelope;
;BTenhjeammeins
)Littt,i.,
,tiooatswal_ll to Pcurser, to the. Thetis
114. the I,e'n";ito
eh.e
JPenel?pe_, John Haves, Car-
-71 h Hyd, Boatswain, to
11,4,tielt8 VNTleis PCl:orrelaCarpenter to the Thetis ;
ti.,isvir,tot) For
Lieutenant tthe Penelope ; Robert
Als,', Navki'r,l\T;tval Cadet,lahe, to the' °
Thetis • John A. Lot-
4b,?tri to th'elituetitr, tothe
or Mails, 13 'Collingvvod ; 'George Collier,
vdtce ; Lawford Miles, Lieutenant,
I pool.

During the early period of the Prince of Wales, the
Brighton races exhibited one of the gayest features on
the Turf—distinguished for sporting, rank, beauty, and
fashion. Most of the companions of his Royal Highness
drove "four-in-hand," producing pictures to look at for
high-bred cattle, and carriages of the first class for style.
The Prince, with " spirits gay," mounted the box, and
handled the ribbons and whip with all the talents of an
experieneed charioteer, reminding the spectator of the
two lines of the late Charles Dibdin:—
" See the course throngs with gazers, the sports are begun,
Ten thousand strange noises, Sir!—' Done I done!'
The celebrated Sir John Lade, whose exploits as the
first gentleman coachman in the kingdom, well known
for his driving to an inch, when at the utmost speed, was
seen on the Downs here to great advantage ; also the
thorough-bred, spirited, neck-or-nothing Mellish, either
to drive, ride, trot, run, or make matches on the spur of
the moment, to keep the ‘. game alive." Lord Paget, the
present Marquis of Anglesea, the late patriotic Duke of
Bedford, and a host of other noblemen who were in the
suite of the Prince, rendered the above races so ex-
tremely attractive, that the course was covered with per-
sons of the highest consequence, as well as the public in
general, giving great support to the town of Brighton,
which it has never experienced since, overflowing the
hotels, lodging-houses, and the Pavilion, the great ob-
ject of excitement, from the public characters under its
splendid roof. Sic transit gloria mui,di !
It is admitted that the rooms in the Pavilion took the
lead over every other establishment in the kingdom be-
longing to the nobility and gentry ; it might also be said,
that the company who were visitors to the Prince of
Wales, and afterwards King, kept pace with them ; nay,
much more, and were richer in mind and value than all
the magnificent, golden-like embellishments, which
adorned the Palace ; and although the Prince might
have been fond of show and costly decoration, yet he
showed the true sort of taste and wisdom—when the
names of Sheridan, Charles Fox, Burke, Wyndham, &e.,
weighed down the scale of still life ornaments all
to nothing;
" When to stand a fourth bottle no longer I'm able,
(Excuse a fond tear, for the thought makes me sad),
May jolly dogs point to me under the table,
7_s
And say with a sigh, 'That's Tom Shert.d a ' dad.'
In this mere sketch of the Pavilion, it would be "..m p„.
sible to give half an outline of the "gay 111°..p.,15," and
some of the highest gifted men in the ),,,ingd.,m, who
were the intimate companions of the
Prince in the early
days of his hilarity; although sue", pieces of biography
character.
Carlton prove of a very interesting -aracter.
Carlton Palace, the residen'le of the Prince when in
town, and fitted up in a
of magnificence unequalled
--whewtalent and s' .'c were stretched to the utmost of
to at:ract, fascinate, nay, detain his Royal
liighness---and, notwithstanding the unparalleled pros-
pect and beauty of scenery which the venerable Castle
of Windsor afforded to the King, still the Pavilion was
his favourite ph:oe of retirement, and he never deserted
it throughout 'As reign.
William I-Sr. was likewise fond of the above Palace,
and frequwatly made it his residence; and during ono of
the winter seasons, four of the oldest Dukes on the list of
Peers, took up their abode at Brighton.
pressed o^
A variety of opinions and arguments have been ex-
the subject, but the general opinion of the
mints appear to be that it cannot be eel& Tarp

.............. 7
Pb,
tc);l4r tor" 41' St SAVIOR'S WORICROU
te,,,_4(10e, about four o'clock, an „.—_, Yf e s t,esr cloy.
`e,tl at u, .t. our ,
u ion workhouse,
during
then-street,lllaeltfri °lir
a d 4 xt appears that,
_oin_
explosion o
~.. aftera%,,
me illars-roa .
i`..e.Y, tankside, had r fresnlahing
the Phoenix Gas.o
the
Mgarlbo-
in
when
;ritlt'bß near the gas
exe,,_! the Werntuse caresleOssly took a
, ruetree,n tin'lthe baseamlteenrattflioonosr,
_e
A 4 "1411 be one of the
gas
to
ol
of the
linti4t4rin wa,paisecrtehee,n‘sthhiechincaasuteserda lightedtnhde
sev
ecrsaan
ignite.dl to
e which
N ?tl "40014 N to extinguish the
404444'4 through thew indows towarfidasmthe:srtiryeeedt:
44 -' °F firetnen from the brigade stations
yet
with
I‘:4ttiti4'fil:,„4 f'IW minutes, the flames were subdued,
tt v /Itli --g unreage to the premises. d
afternoon, be-
-4 `llee'recit()ltw?".Ol:l tonket3orti at Hill-man-
•4ld,!ttr4t3,ll%.kidowc°e°oefl°'(P'G'rfil;t Eubiat Norwood,
,th, iiivh deatroyed the library mi.,- a numberd one
~'°°ll Paintings, the staircase, the kitchen, an
The fire-
ihr°oles or, the floor above the library.
WEI, ir. en stkeeeded in
extinguishing it. Th_e 4building
SL, tared ill the Alliance.
night,
thoriitirlt Air vtrATituLoo.nnthGE.--Ln .
t,
PONI It (Wore ten o'clock, a female, whose name is s
was
;teenbl'ocetd, be Mary 13 rown about 20 years of age. w
,LfNsiu-nnt,
.with others:towards the Surrey aide of
ti,:ur'dg. A slight altercation took place
intoi...,
'4e tree " Parties, when the deceased instantly ran
alarm
111411 Iv 43, and threw he into the river. An .
khoet
tised, and the police galley put Off, and in.
veyed :4 %lutes Thamestdeceased was picked up and eon
1,1141. the house of Air. Wildred, Pox-
"r• /1 -.°Ltitile WAS lost in procuring the attendance o
three reotca 11,11 d another - edical gentleman,
eel
.for
blit ualltrters of an hour 'endeavoured to
‘mc'tttu4lttelY without effect. resto ife,

E SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVEj!TING, OCTOBER 20, 18-16.

r INSPECTION OF THE LYNN AND ELY AND LYNN AND
DEREHABI.—On Thursday last General Pasley, the Go-
vernment Inspector, proceeded by the Eastern Counties
to Ely, for the purpose of inspecting the Lynn and
Ely, and Lynn and Dereham, which are now completed,
and it is expected will be opened for public traffic in
the course of a few days. On the arrival cf General
Pasley at Ely, he was met by Mr. Henry Lacey, the
chairman of the board of directors of the Lynn and Ely
line ; Mr. J. S. Valentine the engineer ; and Mr. J. C.
Williams, of the firm of Williams, Partridge, and Wil-
liams, solicitors to the company. The party, after a
slight delay, then proceeded to Denvir, where one of the
company's new engines, and a train consisting of seve-
ral first-class carriages, were in waiting to convey
them on the tour of inspection. A numerous party,
consisting chiefly of gentlemen connected with the
mercantile interests of Lynn, and landowners along the
line, wore invited to meet the General, and accoinpan)
him upon the survey. The party included Sir W. B.
Folkes, Bart., the Mayor of Lynn, Mr. Francis Cress-
well, Mr. F. Rix, Mr. William Everard, Mr. J. B.
Whiting, Mr. William Seppings, Mr. F. Ingle, Mr. Law-
rence Self, and many other gentlemen. Everything
being in readiness for the start, Mr. Platt, the superin-
tendent of locomotives, took charge of the engine as
driver, and Mr. Carrington, the station master, acted in
the capacity of guard. The train proceeded but slowly,
as the General repeatedly descended in the course of
the journey, and minutely examined various por-
tions of the works, paying particular attention
to the culvert; bridges, crossings, &c. On arriving
at the Lynn station, which the party did in perfect
safety, they proceeded up the Derehatn line as far as
Narborough; and carefully inspected the works. Although
the circumstance of General Pasley's visit was not pub-
licly known, the rumour that the trains were to run that
day attracted a large number of persons to the various
stations, to witness the novel sight of a locomotive, with
its attendant carriages, steaming away through a quiet
country, whose echoes had never before been awakened
by any similar sounds. After the surveys hid been
completed, the company returned to Lynn, and partook
of the directors' hospitality at the Globe Hotel, where a
sumptuous entertainment was provided. Iu the course
of the evening General Pasley expressed himself much
gratified at the manner in which the various works along
the lines were executed, and with the excellent arrange-
ments made to facilitate the survey. On the following
day General Pasley inspected the Harbour Branch, the
termini, storehouses, and other buildings connected with
the railways, with which he expressed himself sat:sfied.
Some of the engines have arrived, and others are ex-
pected in the course of the week.

RAILWAY INTELLIGENCE.
DEVIZES AND THE GREAT WESTERN.
The inhabitants of Devizes, finding that the Hunger-
ford Extension of the Great Western from Hungertord
to Westbury would not place their town upon the main
line, but only accommodate it with a branch some
three miles off at Fallaway, a place that no one seems
to know or care about, resolved on meeting to me •
morialise the Company on the question. The Mayor
presided, and
Mr.. ANSTIE, in opening the business, said that, in
consideration of Devizes being an assize town, and the
principal market town in the county of Wilts, it was of
vital importance to the inhabitants of the town and its
vicinity that the projected line through Westbury and
westwards should pass through Devizes ; and proposed
that, in the presumption that such line could not be un-
unfavourable to the interests of the Great Western
Company, a communication to the directors be made
to that effect. It would be superfluous to take up
the time of the meeting by showing the many advan-
tages which must accrue to Devizes from a trunk rail-
! way passing through the town, those advantages must
be obvious to all. The line would go through Marl-
borough and thence direct to Devizes, it also showed
branches to Bath and Bristol. Their object in call-
ing the meeting was to confer with the Great Western
Company, and to endeavour to induce them to alter
the course at present marked out, and to make the
point of junction at Devizes. He then alluded to the
grounds on which their 'pinions of the plan had been
formed. As the principal difficulty had been stated to
lie in the district between Lockridge Dean and Devizes,
be would state that Mr. IVaylen, who was present, had
taken the trouble to ascertain the levels of that portion
of the line, and would exhibit a section of the ground
from the Wansdyke behind Walker's-hill to Devizes,
showinc, the practicability of a gradient of one in 160
from the Wansdyke to Coate. If he (Mr. Anstie) was
wrong in supposing that here lay the great difficulty to
the Great Western Company, he hoped same gentleman
would correct him ; but if it was as he represented it to
be, he could not see what there was to prevent them
from having the trunk line through Devizes and then on
to Westbury. He would not take up the time of the
meeting any longer, as doubtless Mr. Hayter would ex-
plain the Company's reasons for not coming through the
town.

Mr. J. WAYLEN said that in seconding the motion the
only observation necessary to add was one in explana-
tion of the section he had taken, viz., that though the
ground whence this section commenced (viz., at the
Wansdyke) exhibited undulations, yet that taking the
average of those undulations, they offered facilities for a
uniformly gradual descent of thirty-three feet in a mile,
over a space of six miles—equal to a gradient of one in
160. If this must be regarded as an impracticable
gradient he had no more to say. There being only a
height of 200 feet to descend (that being the highest
point necessary to attain between D.tvizes and Marl-
borough), there was no obstacle to its being dispersed
over the proposed distance of six miles.
Mr. HAYTER, M.P., one of the directors of the Great
Western, addressed the meeting on behalf of that com-
pany. The line sought to be obtained on the present
occasion was not in his opinion adapted to benefit the
public interest, but rather to injure it. The line by
which Devizes is to be approached has been called a
branch, as if it were a mere branch passing alone to
some other line in which none of them were interested.
Why, what has been the complaint of the town of De-
vizes hitherto ?—that its old accustomed traffic is inter-
rupted by the means of the railway, and they ask to
have this traffic restored I They did restore it, and re
stored it by a trunk and not by a branch.—(Cheers and
cries of " Hear, hear.") The line goes from Reading
to Hungerford, and thence through Devizes and Melks-
ham to Bath ; and thus restoring the communication
from London and Bath. It is true it omits the town of
Marlborough, but the communication between this town
and Marlborough is not surely of sufficient importance
to induce us to alter our plan. The truth was that
every one knew that the intercourse with Devizes mar-
ket is from the westward, where the consuming popula-
tion reside, and that corn is sent to Bath and Bristol and
not to Marlborough. By this line they gave a direct
coat nunication in one direction to London, and in the
other to Bath, Bristol, Exeter, and the Lord only knows
where besides, probably to the Land's End, which
most likely they would reach before they had done.—
(Laughter.) As to the line proposed to pass through
the town, taking Marlborough in its route, it is said it
is a much better line, and that it is more advantageous
to pass through Devizes before diverging westward.
But it did not restore your old communication, for which
you have so devoutly wished. It did more, it was some•
thing different from the original communication, was in
fact entirely a new route. He ventured to say that the
gradients upon the line desired were much worse than
on the one the Great Western proposed. The desired
line would be objectionable by reason of the tunnel ;
one of the great objections against the Great Western
line was the Box-tunnel ; it was said, " Good gracious
are you going to carry us through that hole? You must
make the line as desirable as you can, but you must
have no tunnel." Instead of the proposed line being an
easy comfortable line, it will have to pass through two
tunnels. The Great Western are called a set of tyrants
because of the Box-tunnel, but this one you will have us
to make is nearly as long—(No, no, and a voice, It is
only three-quarters of a mile," to which Mr. Hayter
replied, " You've never measured it I'm sure.") Well,
that is not all, how do you get into Devizes, under or
over ? Why, through another tunnel.
Mr. GILBERT thought there were three things they
should consider. 1. The advantage of the line afforded
them. 2. Whether the Great Western can do otherwise
than they are disposed to do? 3. What will be the effect
of a hostile resolution being passed? Every gentleman
must know that whatever would tend to increase the
market must be of benefit to the town. It was well
known, too, that corn sells at a higher price at Devizes
than at Newbury ; and if they had this line, they would
get corn from Newbury, which they could not now do.
Mr. Gilbert having spoken of the advantages of the line,
as regarded the market, said—Suppose the Great Western
were disposed to take.that line, as it was known they
were hard pressed by the South-Western, another com-
pany would run a line from Andover through Devizes,
and thus take off the traffic from London. Having re-
ferred to the time when he had in 1844 urged upon
them the claims of the South-Western Company,
when they refused a direct line, Mr. Gilbert said he
now pressed this point upon them, that the Great Western
was the only company which could offer them help.
They could not get the South-Western ; the Kennet
and Avon Company could do nothing for them. The
effect of a resolution being passed which was hostile to
the Great Western Company, would be, that they would
say, " We have gone out of our way to save them, and
we will now for the future merely consider our own in-
terests." The only disadvantage is this, if you want to
go to Exeter it would be at a loss of ls., or little less
than an hour. The much better way was to keep on good
terms with the Great Western.
After considerable discussion, a committee was ap-
pointed to confer with Mr. Brunel and the company on
the subject.

SUBTERRANEAN TELEGRAPH
THROUGH THE METROPOLIS.
During the last few weeks considerable interest has
been excited in the scientific world, and the several rail-
way companies whose lines run into the metropolis, by
the announcement that the Electric Telegraph Company
intend forthwith to establish a central telegraph station
at the Company's depot in the Strand, by means of which
communication will be obtained 'from one point to all
parts of the country. In the Company's Act of Incor-
poration the thirty-fifth clause empowers them to ley
down and under any street any pipes or tubes not being
of.larger size than three inches bore, for conveying or
conducting the wires of the electric telegraph. In pur-
suance of those powers, they intend to extend the wires
from the several railway stations in London, in the way
described by their Act of Parliament, under the streets
of the metropolis.
The extension of the telegraph on the South-Western
Railway will be first commenced. Mr. Hatcher, the
Company's engineer, attended a meeting of the Lambeth
vestry on Friday evening, for the purpose of explaining
the route it will take through the streets of the district.
After leaving the terminus at Nine Elms, it will pass
through Kennington-lane and road, Oakley-street,
Waterloo road, over the bridge, and thence to the
station in the Strand. The plan proposed to carry
out this extraordinary project is as follows:—In the
first place, the wires will undergo a process of coating,
so as to preserve them; they then will be fixed in metal
tubing, which will be laid under ground about 18
inches from the surface. Every quarter of a mile proving
posts, which in size, and appearance will be similar to
the present street posts, will be erected, thereby insuring
the proper connexion of the wires. The principal mem-
bers of the Lambeth vestry have arranged to inspect the
route from the South-Western Railway this day with the
Company's officers, and to determine on the position of
the posts. On the sites being fixed, the telegraph will
forthwith be laid down. In the course of three months
it is anticipated that it will be completed. A much
longer period, however, will transpire ere the wires on
the other lines are extended.
Lately the Government, we are informed, have directed
the Company's officers to report the practicability of
extending the " main" telegraph to the principal Govern-
ment depots. The result has not as yet been ascertained.
The 50th clause of the Company's Act sets forth, " That
at all times, and whene►er, in the opinion of one of her
Majesty's principal Secretaries of State for the time
being, such an emergency as aforesaid shall have arisen,
it shall be lawful for such Secretary of State, by warrant
under his hand, to cause possession to be taken of all
telegraphs and apparatus at the various stations of the
Company, for one week from the date of such warrant,
for the purpose of preventing any communications being
made, or signals given, and also by farther successive
warrants to cause possession of them to be retained from
week to week, so long ai their detention might be deemed
expedient, the Company receiving reasonable remunera
Lion for such loss."

An arrangement has been announced as having
taken place between the Shropshire Union and the
North-Western Company to the following effect:—
The former line is to be leased to the latter company,
and the shareholders are to be guaranteed a dividend
equal to one-half of that paid by the North-Western
Company; but in the event of the profits of the Shrop-
shire Union being greater than the half of the North-
Western, the shareholders are to receive such longer
rate of profit up to six per cent., beyond
which the profits are to be divided; so that
in no case can the shareholders of the Shropshire
Union receive less than a dividend equal
to one-half of that paid by the North-Western, while if it
makes more they will receive it for their own account
up to six per cent. Another and important condition is,
the shareholders are to participate, in the same pro-
portion as those ofthe North-Western, in the shares of all
newly-created stock for the future. Moreover, while
the works are in progress the shareholders are to receive
at the rate of four per cent. for their calls. These terms
are considered very favourable. The Board of Directors
for the line is to consist, one-half of the present direc-
tors, and one-half of the directors of the North-Western.

RAILWAY ARR ANG EMENTS.......A satisfactory ar-
rangement has been entered into between the London
and Birmingham and Shropshire Union Companies.
The London and North-Western guarantee, as a
minimum dividend to the Shropshire Union share-
holders, one-half the amount of dividend paid on
their own stock, or five per cent., and a full par-
ticipation in, the future creation of stock by the
North-Western, proportionate to their respective
capitals. In the event of the Shropshire Union line pay-
ing 10 per cent., a division of profits is to take place
after 6 per cent. is paid to the Shropshire Union pro-
prietors. Any calculation as to the value of Shropshire
Union shares must be based on the price of New Bir-
imninthgehadmiviFdeifnd
thss,nfwßhiicrrnhinbgechoamme
Stock entitledin
85
to participate
Thesearticipate
shares are at a premium of 14. The relative premium,
therefore, on a Shropshire Union share would be tof ;
4 yer cent. is paid on all calls.
REFUSAL OF INTERMENT AT BARKING, ESSEX.—
On Sunday last an extraordinary degree of excitement
was occasioned in the above place, in consequence of the
Rev. Denton, curate of Barking, refusing to inter the
body of the late Mrs. Rushton. Due information had
been given that the funeral would be at the church at
three o'clock, but when the procession arrived at the
churchyard gates (which are usually kept open on Sun-
days) they were found closed, and, after stopping some
time in the road, the mourners were obliged to retrace
their steps The deceased had been visited during her
illness by one of the Plymouth Brethren, which circum-
stance, among others, it is supposed, gave offence to the
vicar and curate. The body of Mrs. Rushton remains
still uninterred.

ELY AND PETERBOROUGII.—it is understood that
there is no prospect of the opening of this line at pre-
sent, in consequence of the difficulty of forming a solid
foundation over the Wash. Hundreds of loads of timber
have entirely disappeared, as though they had floated
away under the surface._

TEMPLESFORE AND NENA.GIL--oWing to the difficulty
of procuring payment of calls on Irish lines, the directors
have come to the resolution not to proceed with the works
of this line until the Great Southern and Western is open
to Templemore.
SOUTH WALES.--The progress made in the opera-
tions excites a lively interest throughout the South
Wales c_punties. That portion of the line in the vicinity
of Maindee and Cardiff is in a forward state. The river
Usk is crossed by a bridge, constructed of wood, sup-
ported by stone piers on each side, and is intended to
be 65 feet above low water mark. The tunnel at Hill
Field, near Newport, has been commenced. It passes
under the depth of 200 feet, through hatd rock. Four
shafts have already been sunk. The inhabitants in the
district are seriously affected by the operations, the
cisuunkn shafts
ehavinggreat drawn o
depth
hbelff all the water,
owailthe in on
wells
in
ntshe-
e
stthopewrinnßg,
rpswanretlinlesu3la,fatrrilty
Hill
-efiNerl
edewna•dpreoerreqtd.o
itTe useless,hd ery. baths attached to
and
T h thee
estimated famous
time for the completion of the whole line, is three years.
TELEGRAPH AND TRAVELLER'S LUGGAGE. —A gen-
tleman belsnging to Falkirk was lately booked at Leeds
fur Newcastle, by the York and North Midland Rail-
way. His luggage was given in charge to one of the
Company's servants, and ere the train started the gen-
tleman was told that " all was right." On arriving at
the York station inquiry was made for the luggage,
which contained valuable documents, but which could
not be found. Application was made to the superin-
tendent of the railway telegraph—the alarm bell was
touched—the vibrations reached Leeds—from which, in
the course of three minutes the following colloquy was
finished between the superintendent at York and his
correspondent at Leeds :—" Is a carpet bag and hat
box with you, addressed Mr. —?" "Yes."—" For-
ward it by first down train." "Yes "—" Did you not say
of the luggage All's right ?' " "Yes,"—." Then for-
ward it to the Falkirk station at your own expense."
"Yes." In due course the luggage reached Falkirk sta-
tion, " all right," and free of charge.
THE MADRID AND VALENCIA.—The Spanish share-
holders have, it is understood, taken the whole of their
portion of the shares, amounting to 27,000, on which
the deposits of 21. 2.5. per share will be paid into the
National Bank of Madrid by the end of this month.
For this a guarantee has been given to the English
directors by the Spanish directors, consisting of tha
most influential and wealthy men of Madrid. Special
reference will be made to a very important concession,
which the chairman of the company has obtained from
the Spanish Government, namely, permission to make
the line in sections, sn that instead of contracting for
the entire line (nearly 200 miles in length) at once, the
directors will confine their attention in the first instance
to the construction of twenty-seven miles, begin-
ning at Valencia, and ending at a town of consider-
able importance. As this portion of the line is a dead
level, the directors calculate on being able to have it
ready for working in little,rnore than a year, and as the
construction will be singularly cheap, and the district
through which it passes is rich and populous, the direc-
tors express their perfect confidence in its yielding a re-
venue which will enable the directors to divide from
twelve to fifteen per cent. immediately upon its opening.
No call will be made for twelvemonths to come, in other
words, not until the first section of the line is on the eve
of completion, and very possibly not until it is in actual
working crder. It is not the intention of the directors
ptomprailceanLaarlleostmore7tie company,tlatt buthepresent time of the unap•
ro atedthese
shares
will
come hereafter rateably apportioned among the original
shareholders, when the directors confidently anticipate,
from an improved position of the stock in the sß4rket,
they will be deemed a boos by the shareholders,

We understand that Colonel' Sir James Dennis,
K.C.8., now of the Buffs, is likely to succeed to the ap-
pointment of Inspecting Field•Oflicer of the Bristol
Recruiting District, in succession to the late Lord John
Somerset.

TRAGICAL EFFECT OF THE POTATO DISEASE.—Last
week, the son of a deceased cottager, from Derbyshire,
came to Yr. Godfrey, surgeon, Mansfield, and spoke as
follows;,--" I say, zur, my feeather deed last neet, and
I'm come for t'stifficat to berry him wi' ; and my moother
said, I was to tell ye that she wanted him hoppened, to
see whot there is at tinside on him ; for she's sure hese
doed oft same complaint as what 'taters and tunneps has
got. So you mun bring yore knife, and come and hoppeh
him."—Monmouthshire Merlin.

SINGULARLY FATAL EFFECTS OF FRIGLIT.—Yes.
terday Mr. Mills held an inquest at the Cheshire Cheese,
Phillip's buildings, Somers. town, on the body of El I-
beth Stubbs, aged two years. It appeared that on Fri-
day week last deceased was in a confectioner's shop,
making some little purchase, when a boy appeared at
the window wearing a hideous mask. The child saw
it, and -was struck with terror. Having been taken home,
her fright seemed to augment, for she kept continually
exclaiming, " The bogie ! the bogie !" A few days
afterwards she was seized with severe bowel complaint,
for which two doctors treated her, each of them sus•
pecting that the fright was the cause of the malady.
Every eveninT,, as darkness approached, her fears were
more excited, and she continued repeating the above ex-
clamation. On Thursday last she appeared much worse,
and in the evening died in a convulsive fit. Verdict,
" That deceased died from the effects of fright."
SPRUCE BEER.—A vessel arrived at the part of
Hull, from Dantzic, had on board, in addition to a large
cargo of wood goods, 1,000 lugs of spruce b er, or, as it
is generally Dantzic spruce. This article is ranch
esteemed for medical purposes, on account of its strength-
ening qualities, and as an excellent stomachic; hut it is
not a beverage of very general consumption, excepting in
cases of necessity and by persons of weakly constitution.
So large an importation of it as the one under notice, has
not come under observation for a considerable time past,
and the mention of it will be of interest.
DEATH FROM EXPLOSION OF CAMPIIINE.—A Mrs.
Knox, wife of the Rev. G. Knox, pastor of a Baptist
Church, in Cornish, was attempting, in the dusk of the
evening, to trim a campbine lamp while it was burning,
when it exploded violently, set fire to her clothes, and
burnt her so dreadfully that she died, after lingerinT 19
days. In attempting to trim the lamp the atmospheric
air must have entered, and mixing with the vapour of
the camphine formed an explosive compound, which
vi mild be immediately ignited by the lighted —Canada Paper.

I SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS.
FROM TWE MORNING PAPERS OF THIS DAY.
TIMRS.—The year 1846 will long be remembered
as the year in which nothing would keep. Potatoes will
not keep ; butchers' meat becomes tainted in twenty-four
hours ; milk turns sour as soon as it is looked at ; a
seriously aggravated mortality indicates a want of pre-
servative power in the life both of man and beast; West-
minster bridge partakes of the general decay ; Kings'
promises and Parliamentary pledges are equally going
to the dogs ; parties have melted like snow in summer ;
interests have rotted ; Ministries have dissolved ; laws
have repealed themselves ; a law only two years old fell
to pieces this spring ; another Act, passed on its ruins,
is already waiting its quietus; a third measure for
Ireland has been unavoidably amplified, not to say super-
seded, by Government;—lastly, (we know it to our cost),
articles will not keep. By the second day a news-
paper article becomes fit for nothing but a grocer's
shop, or a volume of posthumous remains, edited by
a very near relative. Having suffered ourselves by this
class of casualty, xve have become rather keen and also
rather merciless to the disasters of our neighbours. A
quarterly review, however, has no claim whatever to our
pity. It can be written and printed in a fortnight; and
there is no reason why it should ever be more than a
fortnight past time. But here is our old friend the
Edinburgh opening with an article which might just as
well have been written by the decree of his imperious
Majesty King Nebuchadnezzar, as for the month and
year impressed on the Edinburgh's azure physiognomy.
The substance of the article is evidently as eld as the
Edinburgh itself, though done up afresh, with a few
modern dates and names. Think of a paper professing
to be a " Proposal for extending the Irish Poor-law,"
which does not make the remotest allusion to that fear-
ful crisis in the fortunes of Ireland which engages the
attention, the curiosity, and the sympathy of the whole
civilised world! Ai the foot of the last page, just after
a railway article, there comes the following curt apo-
logy:—

" NOTE to the First Article.
This article was wholly written and printed early in Au-
gust last, which is here mentioned to account for its not taking
notice of the subsequent proceedings of Parliament respecting
its subject."
There's impudence for you! We don't know what
stuff the readers of the Edinburgh are made of, but we
know very well how our own readers would take snch en
announcement. Let them just imagine their finding a
" lead, r," or a letter from our Spanish correspondent, or
a "City article," most perplexingly out of date, and by
the time they had mystified themselves hind part before,
having the luck to light upon a P.S. or an N.H. in an ob-
scure corner, informing that the said article was written
two months since, a circumstance which it was necessary
to mestion, because the article could not be ekpected to
notice any of the numerous critical events which
had happened in that period ! They would
merely conclude the editor must be off his head,
and expect to see, in the next number, the
melancholy intelligence that he had thrown himself from
Blackfriars-bridge. We don't know what makes the
Edinburgh or its readers an exception to general rules,
but it is very clear that an equal amount of sanity on the
one part, and surprise on the other, is not there ex-
pected. May we be permitted to ask how far their in-
difference to novelty extends ? Do they wear hair
powder and shorts ? Do they reject the fresh resources
of Newgate and Leadenhall markets for salt pork that
has gone twice round the world? When Covent-garden
renews its luscious display, do they still go on sickening
on fermented preserves ? But, besides this extraordi-
nary " note," the author of the article himself, writing
at his leisure, in August, with the whole quarter before
himselr, with Parliament still going on sitting, and Acts
passing at the rate of twenty a day, and thus with every
opportunity and every inducement to keep up with the
progress of affairs, after all, willfully and deliberately,
of malice prepense, makes no attempt whatever to
meet, we do not say this year's distress, but the
average state of Ireland for the whole of this cen-
tury. His article is a stale and unprofitable one,
not only for October, 1846, but for August, 1846, and,
in fact, for the day of the creation itself, and for this
world altogether. After saying that the great Act of
Elizabeth will not do, and out-door relief and compul-
sory in-door relief will not do, and the labour-rate will
not do, and charities will not do, and mendicancy will
not do, and forbidding mendicancy will not do ; and,
finally, that nothing which man ever thought of will do,
he suddenly remembers that his readers, whatever their
gullibility, will at least, by the merest animal instinct,
revolt from a universal negative. So he proposes at last
—what does the reader imagine? It is the one palmary
expedient of the Edinburgh for the most desperate ma-
lady the social state of man ever exhibited ; so it ought
to be something at any rate plausible. It is simply this,
—that all the charitable foundations, and all the funds
subscribed for charitable purposes, shall be forthwith
handed over bodily to the Poor-law Commissioners, to
be dealt with in strict conformity with their system.
After we hare stated this, our readers will ask a little
breathing time. So there, for the present, we stop.
CHRONICLE.—Of all the objections now urged
against opening the ports for the free admission of grain,
a fear that such a step would be prejudicial to the re-
venue is—according to all recent experience—the most
groundless. If that experience has taught us one lesson
more distinctly than another, it is—that the net income
of the State is not to be calculated by the rates of duty
imposed on commodities—that taxes which, however in-
directly, interfere with commercial prosperity, are in-
variably reductions from, in place of additions to, the
entire receipts of the Exchequer. But this general obser-
vation may be said to refer to two distinct classes of unpro
fitable and wasteful imposts. The first, to the case where
the duties imposed are so excessive as to interfere mate-
rially with the consumption of the particular commodity
itself, so that the diminished quantity consumed at a
high duty does not yield so much as the increased quan-
tity which would be consumed at a loner duty and
a cheaper price; and the second is the case where duties
are so injudiciously imposed that they directly interfere
with commercial prosperity, and are the means of de-
stroying. much more revenue indirectly than they them-
selves yield directly. Of the first class of unprofitable
taxes now referred to we have recently had many
striking examples. It is but a week ago—when in
commenting upon the revenue returns for the last quar-
ter—we showed that, notwithstanding the great reduc-
tions which have taken place in the duties upon many
important articles during the last two years, amounting
to no less than 2,818,0001., the actual loss to
the State, even in the first year, very little
exceeded 500,0001. ; and if we would seek fbr
examples of individual articles which furnish
striking illustrations of this principle, we have only
to turn to any of those which have been subjected
to this experiment. We have seen within a few
years the duty on coffee reduced to one-third, and
the net revenue more than doubled—we have seen the
duty on cocoa reduced to rather less than one-sixth, and
the net revenue fully sustained. We have seen, within
the last eighteen months, die duty upon sugar reduced
from 245. to 145., and the consumption in the first year
rise from 207,000 tons to 245,000 tons. We have seen
the reduction of the timber duties increase the consump-
tion from 739,696 loads in the first eight months of
1844, to 1,142,633 loads in the same period of the pre-
sent year. In short, we have seen in almost every case
where duties have been reduced, before long, the net
revenue increased. The second class of duties to which
we have referred as unwise and unprofitable, does not
depend so much upon their being excessive, as upon their
being imposed at all ; and the benefit to the Exchequer
does not, therefore, depend upon the increased consumption
which a repeal of such duties never fails to afford, but
upon the influence which such a relief exerts over other
branches of revenue. In this category we class all kinds
of raw materials or manufactures—on the abundance
and cheapness of which depends, to so great a degree,
the general prosperity of the great consuming classes ;
and we may as certainly class the first articles of neces-
sity, the price of which determines what fund will be dis-
posable, not only for the consumption of all those articles
which afford the largest income to the State, but also of
our manufactured goods, which afford the means of sub-
sistence to so large a portion of the community. When
the cotton and the wool duties were relinquished, reve-
nue to the extent of nearly 800,000/. was apparently
sacrificed—gone completely and for ever. No matter
how much the consumption increased, the revenue
could not be compensated from that source. But is
there any one so short-sighted as to fancy that thereby
the net income of the Exchequer has been lessened ? If
the reduced cost of cotton and wool gave to those great
branches of industry a greater prosperity, it is the
plainest conclusion in fiscal science, that the revenue
would be benefited thereby. The additional demand,
for foreign markets as well as for home consumption, for
such goods, only because they were cheaper, could not
fail to promote such an extended use of all those articles
upon which the revenue mainly relies, as to secure a
quick and certain compensation to the Exchequer. The
building of new mills, the distribution of more wages,
the reduction of public burthens, the increased profits
and the rapid accumulatisn ofcapital, seeking new chan-
nels of investment, promoting in its turn a new demand
for labour, all tend to swell so much the consumption of
everything that yields revenue to the State, that the first
reduction ultimately ends in a great positive gain.
HERALD.—There exists an evil influence in Ire-
land fatal to the carrying out of the simplest, and, else-
where, most practicable undertakings. No man can
escape it. Beneath it, logic becomes grotesque—the
natural relation of things is broken up, is lost sight of,
and disappears. The English Channel is not the only
strip of water that separates our island from a strange
people. The differences that exist between ourselves and
the races inhabiting the land on the other side of St.
George's, are as violent as any marking the independent
origin of the denizens of Dover and Boulogne. If the
Frenchman speaks a foreigu language, the inhabitant of
the Emeral Isle acts upon thoughts and feelings equally
strange and unaccountable. If it seem impossible to Icol-
lect a meaning from the quick gesticulationsanditqlluitchk
eeirr
volubility of a people who speak as much ~
hands us their tollgtlo7,
it is equally difficult to find
congruity in the conduct of individuals
who act now
from impulse, by and by from rashness,
and principle, generally
patientsr cei ve received.
i the
Hanwell We
do conscientiously
believe,
celled
s ur; n o
fb lyiubt
e
Gos'enm eLnut o n
ntatiuleeerAs'Ytale an luemhy tte almbaeen.r a
tee
lic
duty, they would have conducted their selves h
s faavretn
moreb,e
rationally than many of the gentlemen Ish
requested to perform that certainly patriotic, but very
easy duty, of spending money nut their own, on objects
in which they have an interest, exclusive and peculiar.
" The extraordinary presentment sessions" for the barony
of West Muskerry, " held on Tuesday last in the Court-
house of Macroom," was, in truth, an extraordinaly
presentment, in more senses than one. The proceedings,
we are told, were conducted in a manner that renders it
altogether impossible to furnish a faithful report of
them. No discussion arose in which at least ten
speakers did not immediately and simultaneously take
part, whilst at the same time the great body of spectators
In the Court were shouting with all their voice and strength.
None but Irishmen should do Irish work. To take an
Englislumm from his own country to perform it, b at