The Sun.
London, England, 1848-07-06 00:00:00

Utning

LONDON, THURSDAY, JULY 6, 1848.

THE QUARTER'S REVENUE.
The Revenue Returns for the year and quarter end-
ing the sth July instant, have just been published,
and will be found in another column. There is at
east one comfort to be derived from their perusal,

which is, that on the whole they are better than could
have been expected, considering the fearful depression
under which every branch of trade, manufacture, and
commerce has laboured during the past year, and the

general dearth of employment and consequent dis-
tress of the industrious classes—the parties upon

bringing into account the appropriations in aid from 1
the sale of old stores.

We have elsewhere given a tolerably full report of
a Special General Court of East India Proprietors,
convened on requisition, to consider the present
position of the Sattara question. As our readers are
aware, the Bombay Government in 1839 deposed
the then ruler of Sattara, PERTAUD SING, on
the alleged ground of a breach of the treaty
of 1819, by which, on the termination of the
Mahratta war, he was taken into alliance with
the British Government, and recognised as sovereign
of a limited principality, with the right of transmit-
ting his titles and dominion to an heir born of his
own body, or one adopted according to the immemo-
rial laws and usuages of the Hindoos. The deposed
Raja, unable to obtain such an inquiry into the
charges made against him as would admit the proof
of his innocence being adduced, lingered in
captivity until the 14th of October, 1847, when
he expired at Benares, having, previously, in the
year, 1845, adopted the child of his first cousin, and
communicated to all the authorities concerned infor-
mation to that effect. The death of the ex-Rija was
speedily followed by the demise, on the sth of April,
of his brother, the late Raja, without issue, by which
event the throne has become vacant. The friends
of the late ex-Raja, as will be gathered
from the speeches made yesterday, are
anxious that the adopted son of the man
whom they believe to have been unjustly
deposed, should be permitted to succeed to the Go-
vernment; and accordingly call on the Court of
Directors to decide in his favour. This the directors
decline to do, until they are in possession of the
views of the Governor-General, and at the same time
deny that any obligation rests on them to recognise
the adopted son of one who, as the majority
of them contend, had shown himself hostile
to the British Government, and' had been
justly denuded of his powers. We shall refrain from
entering into any controversy at present on the sub-
ject of the ex-Raja's competency to nominate a
successor to the political rights of which he was
deprived in 1839; but we cannot hesitate to express

whom, under the present system of indirect taxation,
the chief part of the burden is permitted to fall, and
who are compelled, out of their hardly-earned wages.
to defray the interest of an enormous debt, con-
tracted for the preservation of the property of the
country, of which property a very inconsiderable
portion only is in their bands. We must, however, be
thankful that it is no worse, and rejoice at even the
gleam of sunshine which thus enlightens the former
gloom. True it is that there is a decrease of income
on the entire year, when compared with that ending
the sth July, 1847, of 2,587,7091. which would have
amounted to 3,042,7301., but for an unexpected god-
send of no less than 455,0211. of China money, which
had been detained in transitu, at the Cape of Good
Hope, in order to provide for the extraor-
dinary expenses of the " Kafir war," and which
was carried to the general account in the quarter
ending the sth of April last ; and thus was " twice
blessed," as it came in the year of deficiency.
Had it been received in the former year it would
have increased that deficiency to 3,497,7511. This,
however,lis a source which is henceforth for ever dried
up, and from which we cannot again hope for a simi-
lar contribution to the national Exchequer. In every
single item, ordinary and extraordinary, there is a
serious decrease during the year, with the exception of
the China money to which we have already alluded,

which alone appeared in the column devoted to
increase on the year, which column might have
been wholly omitted but for that happy windfall
Some symptoms of improvement are, however,
discernible in the quarter, in which the
"Excise," "Crown Lands," "Miscellaneous," and
" Imprest and other Moneys" appear on the right
side of the books; and the total decrease under
every head amounts to but 274,4851. Yet even this,
unfavourably as it might be regarded at other periods,
is made a subject of unbounded joy, on which the
Chancellor of the Exchequer might justly congratu-
late himself, and the publication of which, coupled
with other favourable indications, had the effect of
creating an immediate improvement in the English
funds; and justly so, because it would appear that
the tide which had been at low water, and " turned
during the preceding quarter, was still flowing, so
that we may look forward to a more propitious

seasons.
The Customs show a decrease both on the year

and quarter, on the former of 903,3601.7-on the

latter of 71,2871. The great exertions used by the
Bank of England to bring gold into the country, and
to which, under the present monetary code, every
other interest must be sacrificed, will account for
this great deficiency ; indeed, we could not reasonably
expect that there would be so large a consumption of
articles of luxury or even of comfort, as at ordinary
periods. The smaller proportional deficiency on the
quarter would appear to indicate a revival of trade
arid a greater activity in our commerce. We fear,
however, that it may be otherwise accounted

our belief that it would be a politic course,
on the part. of the Indian authorities and her
MAJESTY'S Government to end all disputes,
and prevent continued agitation, by selecting for their
future ally, under the treaty of 1819, the person no-
minated by the ex-Raja in 1845. That person is the
blood-heir to the throne, apart altogether from any
title acquired by adoption, being the nearest
male relation of the two brothers deceased,
His acknowledgment and elevation would
give universal satisfaction to the Mahratta
people, and would at the same time be
the full accomplishment of the present wishes of those
who in this country have taken so lively an interest
in the Question. 'We do not imagine that the East
India •Company will make any attempt to
annex the territory of Sattara. They will
respect, we believe, the treaty which secured that
territory to the descendants of SIVAGEE, In their
choice of successor to PERTAUB SING and APPA
SMITH, we trust they will attach due weight to the
many considerations which make it expedient to ter-
minate the discussion of a question which has led to
many painful disclosures and many personal crimi,
nations. We cannot better close the article than by
inserting the following, which has been sent us with
a request that it might appear in connexion with our
report:—
"
TRANSLATION OF THE PREAMBLE OF THE MAHRATTA
TREATY, AND OF THE FIRST ARTICLE OF THE SAID
TREATY BETWEEN THE EAST INDIA COMPANY AND
HIS HIGHNESS MAHARAJ PRETAP SEENHW, THE
RAJA. OF SATTARA, TOGETHER 'WITH EXPLANATORY
NOTES ON THE MEANING OF SOME OF TILE TERMS
IJSED IN THE FIRST ARTICLE.
" The treaty of the 25th of September, 1819, which
is in the English, Mahratta, and Persian languages—in
the present literal translation from the Mahratta lan-
guage, it is stated at the commencement of the preamble:
A treaty for strengthening, holding firm, and
cementing friendship between the prosperous and valiant
English Government, which Government is thus assured
in its mind—that the illustrious house of his Highness
Shreemun Mahara Itajay Pretap Seenhw, Chuttraputtee
(King or Emperor) of Sattara, is of high antiquity."
Article Ist. " That the valiant English Government
on its part, agrees to give country or territory (Moolk)
to the government or state (sircar) of his Highness
Maharaj Chuttraputtee (the Baja of Sattara). 11 se-
parate memorandum, or schedule, of which is attached
to this written treaty; his Highness Maharaj Chuttra-
puttee and his Highness's sons (Ferzund) and heirs
( Waris), and successors (Rayeein-Alukam), are perpe-
tually (sudodeet, is,from generation to generation), to
reign in sovereignty over the territory. On account of
this, these (i. e. the treaty and territory) are given."
" This article requires some explanation with regard
to the meaning of the Arabic, Persian, and Mahratta
terms used in the treaty, in the Mahratta language.
" Ist. Maharaj Chuttraputtee is the highest of the
Hindoo royal titles, implying the great King, the Em-
peror, or his Imperial Majesty.
" 2d. Ferzund (in Persian) is son, or begotton
son,' in the Mahratta language termed Pootre.'
" 3d. Waris (in Arabic) is a heir,' implied by the
word vounsh,' a relative, here meaning the adopted
son (Duct Pootre), whom the Raja may think proper to
take and adopt from among his relatives.
" 4th. Rayeem Mukam, in Arabic literally of the
fixed or permanent place,' applicable to those qualified
to succeed in the Government of the kingdom, being a
Regency, here consisting of the Queen, the Ministers,
agents, and other officials of State, after the decease of
the Raja, and during the minority of the adopted son
and heir.
" sth. Sudodeet, in Mahratta, literally signifies from
generation to generation; so long as the sun and moon
remain, they are to reign and rule."
(A true Translation.)
J. W. GRAHAM,
Au East India Proprietor.

for, and that it is owing to the duties on
foreign corn, which had been suspended
by orders in Council during the past year, in conse•
quence of the deficiency of food occasioned by the
failure of the potato crop. These duties have been
recently revived, the time for which they were sus-
pended having elapsed. Considerable sums have been
received on that account, to which the more favour-
able returns of Customs on the quarter may be
ascribed. It must be borne in mind, too, that the
period during which those imposts can be received,
is limited by law—that shortly no revenue can be
obtained from taxes on corn. This, therefore, is a
failing source for which some substitute must be
found.

On the Excise there is a decrease on the year o

470,7651., but on the quarter there is an increase of
182,7511. This improvement in returns, which
might be fairly regarded as affording the most fa-
vourable tests of the general prosperity, of the degree
of comfort enjoyed by the great body of the people,
of those who earn their bread by their daily ex-
ertions, would appear to furnish real ground
for rejoicing; we fear, however, that it must be taken
"cullt grano salis "—that there is some drawback to
the public felicitations. A new mode of taking the
public accounts was introduced some time since, by
which certain duties—for instance, those on
carriages, &c., &c., were transferred from
the head of " Stamps " to that of
" Excise ;" to this change, then, the improvement
in the Excise on the two last quarters, viz. of
349,736/. on the quarter ending sth April, and of
182,751/. on the quarter ending sth of July, may
chiefly be attributed. It will be found that there is
a corresponding decrease under the head of Stamps
of 752,6881. on the year, and of 311,8241.
on the quarter. On " Taxes," which in other quer-
ters there had been some slight improvement, there
is a deficiency on the quarter of 40,8681., which
suffices to turn the tables, and to show a decrease on
the entire year of 19,0291., in place of an
increase. The Property-tax, too, shows a se-
rious falling off in the income of the contribu-
tors, it is less by 80,7331. on the year,
and 48,1161. on the quarter. Here, unfor-
tunately, no reaction is perceptible, on the
contrary, the evil continues to progress.
The deficiency of 80,6831. on the year would
show that the incomes of parties taxed had
decreased by nearly 3,000,0001. The deficiency of
48,116/. on the quarter would show a diminution in
the resources of all those who were pos-
sessed of 150/. per annum and upwards, either
from realised property or from the earnings of their
own industry, of more than 6,000,0001. per annum;
and as it is the latter class that have been the chief
sufferers, we may see a melancholy evidence of the
distress that must have been encountered by such

June 30, 1848.

CIVIL WAR IN SPAIN.

CABRERA IN SPAIN—PROCLAMATION
OF CABRERA.—ENTHUSIASM OF HIS
PARTY.
News one day later has been received by us from
Madrid.
Yesterday we announced the commencement of the
Carlist movement, and the appearance of CABRERA
by the Pla de Selinas. The whole party—his staff,
his escort, and his other attendants—is described es
appearing full of enthusiasm, and counting upon soon
winning a victory for CHARLES VI., otherwise known
as the Conde DE MONTEMOLIN.

persons.
It has generally been our lot to congratulate the
public on the steady and progressive improvement
exhibited in the Post-office returns since that able
and efficient public servant, ROWLAND HILL, has
acted in that department. This quarter, unfortu-
nately, shows a decrease of 79,0001., which
occasions a decrease on the year of 67,000/. ;
there would otherwise have been an increase. This
however can be satisfactorily accounted for. It
being ascribable to the payment of considerable
arrears for the carriage of mails, to an amount ex-
ceeding the deficiency—otherwise there would, as
usual, have been exhibited a small but steady
improvement. The other items on which
there are improvements on the quarter, but
deficiencies on the year, do not call for
any particular notice—they are Crown Lands, which
show a decrease of 41,00 W. on the year, but an
increase of 10,0001. on the quarter; and Miscella-
neous; which exhibit a decrease of 77,4201. on the
year, but an increase of 81,6511. on the quarter.
Perhaps some change in the mode of taking accounts
may, however, be the cause of this latter improve-
ment. We fear the Chancellor of the Exchequer
accounted for it on Friday last, by the earlier

We are now enabled to transcribe into our
columns the proclamation of CAURERA, which
has appeared in the Opinion Publique, a
Carlist paper, published in Faris. It is full of hope,
founded on the political despotism of NARTAEZ—the
financial ruin of Spain—the confiscation of all
liberties—military dictatorship—the quarrel with
England—and the indifference of Republican France,
neither of whom will now lend ships, money, or men.
The proclamation is as follows :
" Brave Vettrans,—and you, also, young men who
dwell in the neighbourhood of the Ebro and the Tagus—
quit your abodes; the bugle and the trumpet call you.
If these warlike sounds cannot reach you, at least I am
sure that the echo of my voice will sound in your
ears. Perhaps you desire to know the motive of
this appeal. In a few words I will tell you. An
avaricious, false, and corrupt Prince, taking advan-
tage of our divisions, in concert with a degraded Princess,
made an object of speculation ot the Catholic
throne of the Alphonsos and the Ferdinarids. A matri-
monial combination was schemed in the darkness of
night, and the consequence of this combination is that
the crown that surpasses in splendour every crown in
the world may pass from the brow of women, who wear
it without right, to that of a stranger, without conside-
ration, value, or title. France, already ashamed of
having at her head the author of so vile a plot, has ex-
pelled him from ker soil ; :while we, Spaniards, looked
upon as a people- so proud, keep amongst us at thef sum-
mit of power the author of this plot, and all her accom-
plices, more than ever ready to profit by the fruit
of their vile bargain. Inhabitants of Aragon,
Valencia, Tortosa, and Murcia, it is for you
to show to the world that all Spaniards were
not buried in the ruins of Sarragossa. The cause
for which I call you to arms is the same as that
for which those heroes: fell—the cause of Spanish inde-
pendence. For so noble and so proud an enterprise I
count upon you, as you no doubt count upon me. Let
us hasten, for time is precious. I await you in the same
fields and theatres of your glorious exploits. There
you will meet the sword that so often was happy enough
to lead you to victory, and a flag already illustrious,
with this difference, that upon it you will see on one
side the name of Charles Louis de Bourbon,' our legi-
timate King, and on the other Live Spanish Inde-
pcndence '—a precious name, and a cry that we bear
written on our hearts in characters of flame, and that
never shall be eradicated by the wretches who
traffic in our national honour. Spaniards 1 you
who will take arms to respond to my call, recollect
that without union, subordination, and discipline, every
army is powerless. Rest faithful to these three princi-
ples, and see in each of your fellow•countrynaen with
whom you are not at war, whatever may be his opinion,
a father, a friend, a protector; in every enemy made
prisoner, a brother, a companion. Never forget that
blood is the most precious treasure of nations. Spare
then that of your enemies even at the price of your own,
and you Will be rewarded. Let clemency be your motto,

even for those reptiles in human form who prolong the a political nature has been brought against him, ex-
misfortunes of our country. Spain is wide enough to cepting his articles in the Presse.
hold all her children, and the land is fertile enough to
nourish some millions more of inhabitants. Thus it is On Tuesday, about eight o'clock, nearly 1,000
that we shall see the day when the religion of our prisoners were taken from the Conciergerie and re-
fathers, the honour that characterised them, their love moved to the fort of Bicetre. They were bound to-
of industry and obedience to the laws, shall reign among Mobile
two and two, and escorted by the Garde
us. Upon these foundations the august Sovereign, who
Mobile and the soldiers of the line.
is destined for us by Divine Providence, will raise up the
throne; reckon upon this, that he will recompense your
fatigues and your labours. This is promised to you by
your Commander-General,

"RAMON CABRERA."

The Gazette publishes a royal decree, declaring
that the Infanta JOSEFA FERNANDA LOUISA DE
BOURBON having contracted marriage with Don
JOSE GUELL T RENTE, who was notoriously and
manifestly her inferior, and without the Royal per-
mission, had incurred the penalties contained in the
Pragmatic Sanction, and was accordingly deprived
of the honours and titles of Infanta of Spain, and of
all the other titles and decorations she had hitherto
enjoyed. The INFANTA is sister to the KING.
It being the Feast of St. Peter awl St. Paul, the
Bourse remained closed.

In the proceedings of the National Assembly
nothing occurred of any particular interest.
_ .

A project is on foot (;o it would seem from the
hints thrown out by the Minister of 'War) for send-
ing a battalion of gendarmerie to act in La Vendee.
M. DE LAMARTINE is ostracised ! Again, and
again, and yet again, the fate of ARISTIDES has been
repeated. History in this respect is little more than
one prolonged reiteration. The words of THUCI-
DIDES and Of CORNELIUS NEPOS, Of PLUTARCH: and
of TACITUS might be employed with only an altera-

tion of names by the modern historian. M. DE LA-
MARTINE is ostracised ! A portion of his luggage
has already proceeded to Marseilles, whence he is
going to cross the Mediterranean, accompanied by
Madame DE LAMARTINE, on a second pilgrimage to
Palestine. GOD speed him wherever he goes, and
preserve him from the daggers and the envy of an
ungrateful country.
BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE

LONDON STOCK-EXCHANGE, JULY 5. -
Boulogne and Amiens, 74—Namur and Liege, 23e—
Northern of France, s—Orleans and Bourdeaux, 2—Paris
and Lyons, 3%Z—Paris and Orleans, 274—Rouen and
Havre, 9.

GERMANY

AND

THE NORTHERN STATES.

AUSTRIA.

Letters from Vienna to the 20th ultimo state that
most of the diplomatists have now returned from
Inspruck. The. PapalNuncio,'calm, who is
conducting the Italian affairs, as mediator on the part
of his HOLINESS, has been here for several days.
The Minister of the Interior, Baron WESSENDERG,
receives him daily.
Travellers from Agram, who arrived at Pesth on
the 26th ultimo, state that the ringleader of the Il-
lyrian agitators, Dr. LUDWIG GAJ, has fled from
thence.

The Breslau Gazette contains the following parti-
culars respecting the Bann of Croatia :
"AGAAM, JUNE 23.—The Bann of Croatia has been
reinstated in his functions, which has caused general
satisfaction throughout the country. It appears that the
Hungarian Government has adopted measures to come
to an understanding with him, and it is well that this
is so, for the latest intelligence from Belgrade states
that 6,000 Servians had crossed the Danube, for the
purpose of coming to the aid of the Croatians.
" A courier has arrived at Agram from Inspruck,
who brought very satisfactory intelligence. The
Bann called upon the inhabitants of Agram confi-
dently to rely upon the resolutions of the Hungarian
Ministry, assures them that they may as heretofore
unhesitatingly depend upon their King, and that
Croatia, with all its rights, will be maintained, while
those of the Crown will not in any way be infringed
upon, and that the arrangements with Hungary may
be regarded as good as concluded.
" If the differences had lasted much longer all the
Committee would have detached themselves from
Hungary, and would have regarded no other orders
but those of the Central Government of Vienna.

" The turn which the affair has taken is a great
gain to the monarchy, under present circumstances.
Hungary would have detached herself from the mo-
narchy, and the Croatian army would in all proba-
bility have returned from Italy if the kingdoms of
Sclavonia and Croatia had not relied thus firmly on
the central Government of the Emperor.
" The Arch hike hai teeeptedthe office of Mediator
at the solicitation of the Bann, and the basis of the
arrangements already adopted are, we are assured,
the immediate union of the Hungarian Ministry of
War and Finance with the central power."