The Sun.
London, England, 1848-08-24 00:00:00

SPAIN.

Madrid journals of the 18th have arrived.
GONZALES BRAVO, on his arrival at Cadiz, was
liberated on condition that be should immediately
transport himself to some foreign countriken
y3;o Scarcely,
however, has NARVAEZ discovered and oup the
Camarilla conspiracy of MiaArLoazs, G
BRAVO, and BEDMAR, for his destitution ; ere NaZAL w
mili-
tary S
conspiracy having the same object in view
concocted. The object of this military conspiracy as
was to substitute O'DONNELL for NARVAFZ as Presi-
dent of the Council. Botb GONZALES BRAVO and
O'DoNNELL are sworn partisans of CHRISTINA, be-
tween whom and NARVAEZ it is evident the best
feeling does not exist. The dismissal of SOTOMATOR,
the great friend of NARVAEZ, from his post of Fo-
reign Minister, and his banishment, for so it is, to
France as Ambassador, and entry into the Ministry of
Mort, the man of all work to CHRISTINA, and the in-
veterate enemy of NARVAEZ, all show that a serious
crisis is at hand. Either NARVAEZ must banish
CHRISTINA and her family or she will oust
NARVAEZ. In the meanwhile, formidable Mon-
temolinist bands have appeared in Catalonia
and the Basque provinces. On the 9th,
ESTARTUS made a descent on Olot with 300 men :
he remained in possession of the town five hours,
seized the public treasure, and levied a contribution
on the inhabitants. FORCADELL succeeded in crossing
the Ebro on the 12th, and on the 10th a party of
Carlists surprised the town of Albocaser, in Va-
lencia, and made extensive seizures of arms and
money.
MADRID BOLSA, Ann. 18.—Three per Cents., 19 6-16
myth; after Bohm, 19% cash; 19;4 paper. Five per Cents.,
PIA paper ; after Boise, 11 castle
tle Passives, 4 paper; after
c on
Londo4n, cash. Coupons,
dCaoyus,p4onss:4o 7appslepr.er. Bank of St. Ferdi-
J4°18a,33/
nand, 54 paper. Discount of notes, 414 per Cent. Exchange

Sir J. Guest had an interview with Sir Geor Gre
terday, at the Home-office. ge y, yes-

-

PORTUGAL.

Intelligence has been received from Lisbon to the
12th instant.

The QUEEN in person prorogued the Cortes on the
15th instant. Several persons accused of political
offences have been arrested.

The following is the speech of the Queen of PORTU-
GAL when closing the Cortes :
" Worthy Peers of the Realm and Gentlemen Deputies
of the Portuguese Nation—
" Upon the occasion of closing this session, the first of the
present Legislature, I have personally come to 'assure you of
having fully justified the confidence placed in you by me and
by the nation.
•" The opening of these general Cortes was to me a matter
of great satisfaction, because I saw myself surrounded by the
representatives of the Portuguese nation, anxious to consoli-
date the pacification of the country, and to heal its wounds
by beneficial and salutary enactments. Now, again, in the
centre of those national representatives, I congratulate my-
self, with you, upon the zealous endeavours shown in
your august functions for realizing that noble and elevated
mission.

" Great indeed were the difficulties with which the legis-
lative body had to contend.
" The nation will acknowledge the diligence shown by its
representatives in the approval of many different measures
passed in favour of the public cause, and especially in the
voting of the Budget and Revenue Bill, by which provision
has been made for the State expenses of the present finan-
cial year.

...... „,-..
" Other measures of the greatest importance have been
laid before you by my Government, which I hope will be
taken into your consideration during the next legislative
session.

" Worthy Peers of the Realm and Gentlemen Deputies
of the Portuguese Nation—
" In the midst of the extraordinary political occurrences
which have taken place in Europe during your Parliamen-
tary functions, I feel the greatest satisfaction in informing
you that public tranquillity has not been, in the slightest
degree, disturbed in this country, nor has my Government
been under the necessity of recurring to extraordinary mea-
sures, or to the infringement of any of the constitutional
forms—thanks to the good sense of the people, and to your
efficacious co-operation.
"Although your legislative functions may be suspended
for some months, you still have a great duty to perform,
which, I am sure, you will fulfil with zeal and efficacy.
" During the Parliamentary recess it is your mission to
inspire the people with that love for the existing institutions
which will be the most powerful means of saving us from
the pernicious influence of exaggerated ideas, inculcating
those sentiments of obedience to the laws and authorities,
that love of labour, and those habits of virtue end
morality, which can alone insure the true felicity of the
people.
" This session is closed."

THE FRENCH REPUBLIC.

We have received the Paris papers of yesterday.
The party of M. ()DILLON BARROT has given in
its adhesion, not only to the Republic, but to the
Republican form of Government, and has decidedly
repudiated the idea of a restoration. The following,
which may be considered the manifesto of that party,
and which appears in the Siecle of yesterday, will be
read with feelings of satisfaction by all those who
wish to give a fair trial to the great experiment now
in the course of working out in France.
‘‘ There are many credulous people who, by propagating a
thousand absurd reports, which are in circulation every day,
for the purpose of injuring credit and destroying confidence,
assist, without knowing it, the tactics of the rioters. There
are also men without foresight—manufacturers, merchants,
and even workmen—who, excited by their present sufferings,
are ready to exclaim, My business went on very well under
the monarchy, but I am doing nothing under the Republic.
Well then, 'Wive le Roi !" Down with the Republic !' Such
is the logic of despair. Assuredly, this manner of reasoning
is absurd, but it is not sufficient to say so, it must be proved.
Yes, the ultra Radicals, the demagogues, and the litopists,
have ruined trade, and by misguiding a part of the people
have caused blood to flow; but would Louis Philippe or
Henry V. bring us back from London or from Kirchberg the
money that we have lost? Evidently not. Would they re-
store us the generals and the soldiers whom the anarchists
have killed ? No. The evil, therefore, which has been caused
by madmen and by fools is irreparable.
" But it is argued by some, the return of a monarchy
would be the restoration of order, which favours labour, and
causes commerce to prosper. Nothing more erroneous. If
alarm still prevails, now that the insurrection has been sup-
pressed, and that society is evidently tending to re-establish
itself on its proper basis, what deplorable uneasiness
would not be caused by any fresh attempts on the part
of monarchy? Would not that which is called by some a
pledge of peace be, on the contrary, a signal of renewed
struggles, fresh combats, and fresh massacres? Is it to be
believed that the power would be abandoned without resist-
ance by the Government, by the Assembly, and by the
Administration? Is it to be believed that the Red Republic,'
which is now unveiled, vanquished, and happily powerless,
would not recover its strength at the aspects of the
of Louis Philippe, or the retrograde party cf Henry V. ?
Would it not be authorised in crying from the top of its
' mountain' the Government has been either unskilful or
treacherous; the Assembly has shown neither intelligence nor
heart; it is we alone who have understood the wishes of the
people and the great revolution of February.
" Is it to be believed that the nation still would not hesi-
tate at the cost and the perils of a counter revolution?
Would it, when scarcely recovered from its late shocks,
wish to encounter fresh storms? Try the Orleans family
again L Has not the country already shown an almost
fabulous patience—a patience of eighteen years? We know
something of this. Try the elder branch again? That
would be to sacrifice the tate of France to an unknown hand ;
it would be to gamble with her, it would be to throw away
the glorious efforts of sixty years. The Orleans bra. eh
would return tai us animated with the spirit of Louis Phi-
lippe, and of Guizot, and Henry V., with the ideas of the
old regime. Hence would arise elements of discord; hence
a fresh cause for commercial crisis; hence an augmentation
of the very evil from which arise the perils which we are
anxious to avoid.

" We have never been among those who brought on the
violent advent of the Republic; we are neither invested with
its authority nor its offices; but we do not hesitate to declare
that we now regard it as our hope and our salvation ;
that it alone can repair the mischief that has been done in
its name.

" What we desire is to have a constitution, a regular Go •
vernment, and a stable Administration ; to get out of a pro-
visional state of things; and all those things are within our
reach. Have a little patience with regard to the Republic.
ofco sint Duringeuns.
stihxee t
milliards
ltni
aosrwidxs
st
03t,
pyfl years aa :nes
et s
u, oursand
no
o Ipoliticalon
theg ebrl experimentsoroudrio af'
tttue'ro changes
; millions
which always deceive our hopes; let us for once ameliorate
our institutions instead of overturning them."
It is also satisfactory to know that the Emperor
of RUSSIA is inclined to enter into relations with the
French Republic. The semi- official llfessager says—
"lt has been stated by several journals that General Leflo is
on his way to St. Petersburgh, in the quality of Minister of
the Republic. We can add that a representative of the
Autocrat is expected at Paris, and that the two states
will be represented by Ministers Plenipotentiary, although
in the last years of the reign of Louis Philippe Russia
had only a Chargé d'Affaires at Paris. Already, and for
some time, a good understanding between the Re-
public and the Czar has been opened. These relations
were kept up by the consular agents, and they are now
about to be changed into a regular political intercourse.
Besides; we are assured that a short time before the
revolution of February the Emperor A icholas declared to
Colonel, now General who was sent into Russia rather
on a scientific than a diplomatic mission, that it was his in•
tention to visit France in the course of 1848. The Czar at
the same time appeared not to be very anxious for a recon-
ciliation with Louis Philippe, though be expressed himself in
terms of sympathy for the people of France. In the state of
mind that he manifested towards the ex. King, his determi-
nation to come to France may appear to be somewhat strange.
Did he mean to come only as a simple traveller? This is a
point on which he did not explain himself, and on which his
interlocutor did not think it proper to interrogate him."
It is by no means difficult to account for the differ-
ence in the conduct of the Emperor NICUOLAS towards
the Republic and towards Louis PHILIPPE. There
are two great principles of Government at present,
en face, Monarchy and Republicanism. As the re-
presentative of the legitimate autocratic monarchical
principle, the Emperor of Russia respects the French
Republic as the representative of the democratic
principle, because it is the representative of a prin-
ciple. With regard to Louis PHILIPPE, however, the
case was different. He was the representative of no
principle; as a King, he was an usurper; as a Republic,
he was a "sham." The Emperor of RUSSIA there-
fore, the representative of a principle, could' enter-
tain no respect whatever for Louis PHILIPPE or his
system.
- - -

- The Messager gives the following explanation of
the reasons wnich induced the Government to have
the military under arms on Tuesday:—

"Several journals of yesterday evening have explained
the display of troops in Paris yesterday by the necessity
which General Cuny, recently called to the command of the
Garde Mobile, found himself under of becoming acquainted
with the battalions, by passing them in review; and as
several of them bad changed barracks and forts, he took the
opportunity of their assembling at the points they are to oc-
cupy in case of an alerte. After the review the battalions
returned to their respective quarters. We do not think this
to be the correct version. A part of the Garde Mobile was
on foot the preceding night, and strong pickets of the Na-
tional Guard were ordered to the mairies. It is certain that
these precautions, and perhaps because they were taken, re-
mained without any object. We are assured that the autho-
rities were informed that an attack was intended to be made
on the house of M. Thiers. The post at the Rue St. George
was reinforced, and a chain of communication formed be-
tween.the Place St. George and the mairie of the second
arrondissement. We may add that a strike of the journey-
men bakers, the consequence of the Caussidiere conciliation,
had created alarm in some quarters. But police agents
were stationed at the threatened points and no disturbance
took place."

The attack on the house of M. THIERS was planned
by the Communists, in revenge for his merciless ex-
posure of the theories of M. PROUDIION.
Every day furnishes an additional proof of the
junction which has taken place between the Legiti-
matists and Communists.
The Bien Public says—
" We are assured that M. Proudhon, in consequence of
the suspension of the Representant du Peuple, has offered his
collaboration to the Univers. This proposition was gravely
debated in a meeting composed of MM. Montalernbert. Fal-
loux, &c. We do not know if the pious synod of the Univers
will open the gates of the Church to the Mephistopheles of
Communism.

presented o
G eneral
M. DE BRIGNOLLES-SALE
Aff yesterdayairs
t
by the -Minister for F
CAVAIGNAC, and remitted his letters of credence as
Minister Plenipotentiary of the King of SARDINIA. to
the French Republic.
The application presented to the Assembly, asking
for an authorisation to prosecute one of its members,
was from M. GUERIN, one of the witnesses before
the Insurrectionary Committee. He asked permis-
sion to prosecute M. CAUSSIDIERE for calumny,
CAUSSIDIERE having, before the Committee charged
him with having been a former agent of police under
M. DELMER?. The application was refused.

The Debtors and Creditors Bill, which declares
that I°l suspensions or cessations of payments which
have taken place since February 24 up to the promul-
gation of the present Bill were not to receive the
qualification of failure, nor to involve the disqualifi-
cations attached to quality of bankrupt, except in
such cases as the Tribunal of Commerce should re-
fuse to sanction the concordat," was yesterday passed
by the Assembly by a majority of 545 to 127.
The eight Military Commissioners which are sit-
ting to determine the fate of the insurgents of June
have decided 4,400 cases. Of these 2,100 prisoners
have been set at liberty; 2,120 prisoners have been
transported, and between 160 and 170 have been re-
ferred to court-martial. It is only the gravest cases
that are referred to the courts-martial. One of the
first of these was that of PAUL SAINTARD, who was
charged with having taken the command of the in-
surgents at the barricade of the Rue du Jardin des
Plantes. He was convicted and sentenced to hard
labour at the hulks for ten years, to pay a fine of
200 F. and the costs of the prosecution.
General CAVAIGNAC has determined to convoke
the Electoral Colleges forthwith, to proceed to fill
up the vacancies in the Assembly. The elections will
take place in the second week of September.
The Communist editors of the suspended journals
have published a protest against the act of suspension.
A courier arrived in Paris yesterday from Vienna,
bearing the important intelligence that Austria had
accepted the mediation of France and England in the
affairs of Italy.
BOURSE.—Pmus, WEDNESDAY, AUG. 23.
THREE O'CLOCK.—The rise which commenced yesterday
made further progress to-day, and during the whole day the
demand both for Rentes and Railway Shares was steady and
brisk. It was very currently reported that the Government had
received accounts from Vienna that the mediation of Eng.
land and France had been accepted. It was also said
that Naples had abandoned the expedition to Sicily at
the request of England and France. Both these facts,
together with the cessation of the military preparations
in Paris, and of the rumours of emeutes, had a very
favourable effect. The belief in the peaceful termina-
tion of the affairs of Italy becomes every day stronger.
For the Account the French Three per Cents. have risen
50c.; Five per Cents, have risen If.; Loan has risen lf.
For money, the Three per Cents. have risen 50c.; Five per
Cents. have risen If. ; Loan has risen lf.; Bons du Trevor
not quoted ; Bank of France Shares have risen 20f. ; Belgian
Bank Shares and Two-and-a-Half per Cents. not quoted.
Exchange on London (30 days), 25, 35; ditto (90 days),
25 25.

BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK-EXCHANGE. AUG. 23.
Northern of France, s%—Paris and Lyons, VA—Paris
and Rouen, 161/2—Sambre and Meuse, 2!ii.

GERMANY
AND

THE NORTHERN STATES.

AUSTRIA.
The EMPEROR returned a moat ungracious answer to
the deputation from the Diet, which waited on him at
Schoenbrunn, to congratulate him on his return.
" Gentlemen," said the EMPEROR, " you have deemed
it necessary for me to come here: I have done my duty,
and here I am." With these words he turned his back
upon them, and retreated from the audience chamber to
his private apartments.
In the sitting of the Diet of the 17th several important
announcements were made by the Ministers.
The Minister of War was called upon to say whether
the contingent of troops for Schleswig•llotstein, de-
manded by the Minister of War of the empire, had been
set on foot. The Minister replied in the negative, and
excused himself by saying that the Vicar of the Empire
had expressed the hope that, in consequence of the ar-
mistice which would now be speedily concluded, he
should not require the said 8,000 troops.
It was further asked why Prince LETcHTENsTEIN had
entered the states of Modena; and whether the Duke of
MODENA, contrary to the assurances given in the speech
from the throne, was to be imposed upon the duchies by
the Austrian troops?
The Minister of War declared that the march of the
troops against Modena was a needful military step. With
regard to the return of the Duke of MODENA, he added
that the Duke had arrived only a few days before at the
head-quarters of the Austrian General; that he had
then repaired to Mantua, where he remained five or six
days. On learning that the inhabitants of the Duchy
everywhere received the Austrian troops with joy, and
earnestly desired the return of their ruler, the Duke
repaired to Modena. _ _ _

A Deputy then inquired how far the proceedings
against the ex•military Governor of Venice, Count
ZICHY, relative to the evacuation of Venice, had been
concluded?

The Minister of War declared that there had been an
unavoidable delay, as it was necessary to forward the
deposition of Count MARTINI to Olmuitz before a sen-
tence could be passed.
With regard to the proces verbal of the civil Governor
of Venice, Count PALM, the Minister of Justice de-
clared he held a special commission under the former
Ministry ; but that a special commission should be ap-
pointed to decide whether, like the military Governor,
he was amenable to a strict examination.

With regard to the war in Italy, the Minister of War
made some statements which were rather important. Ile
stated that he had received by a courier explanations
from: General WELDEN, which placed the whole affair
in a different light. The General had advanced to Massa.
in order to reach the left bank of the Po; ho was obliged
to occupy Sermide with a small detachment, when they
were suddenly fired upon from all. the windows, in con,
sequence of which he sent some hundreds of men, but
these were obliged to withdraw, as they were fired upon
from the houses and barricades. Two days after
General WELDEN felt himself compelled to attack
the place with increased force, as its possession was in-
dispensable to his crossing the Po. Grenades were used,
and the place was soon in flames. The inhabitants had
all withdrawn, and the Austrians had the satisfaction of
delivering from certain death 24 persons who had been
shut up by the insurgents in a church, which had been
set fire to. This fact has been grossly misstated. lie
would like this occurrence to answer another interpella-
tion. General WELDEN, with his small corps of 4,000
men, had crossed the Po, to cover the movements of
Count LEICHTENSTEIN in the flank and rear. They fell
in with a body of 14,000 Croatians; but these the
General's small force scattered like chaff, and pur-
sued them to Bologna, where he received orders
from Field-Marshal RADETZKY not to enter that
city—to evacuate the Legations. He had, how-
ever, already entered into a convention with the
city that the Croatians should not halt in Bo-
logna, in order that, if needful for the Austrians to
pass through, they might do so without molestation. On
the evening of the 7th General WELDEN quitted, after
having taken up a military position, and even erected
batteries, in the event that the city should not accept
On the morning of the Bth
ace on the concluded conven-
tions, Bologna. Three of them were assas-
sinated,th e
severaltffi
se moderateeopa
a sierewerdse'r toe demands,
inalso rei
i several soldiers. Upon this an
armed mob rushed out of the city, .and fired upon the
advanced guard, by which five were killed and sixty
wounded. PERGLAs, had been left in command by
WELDEN, with orders to march on the Bth to the Po;
to fire upon the city. Bologna was bombarded, and
PERGLAS immediately after commenced his counter-
march to the Po. These were facts, and when soldiers
were assassinated, and when troops were attacked,-they
were bound to defend themselves, and to punish every
act of treachery. Field• Marshal WELDEN had crossed
the Po and evacuated the Legations.
Lord PONSONBY arrived in Vienna on the 15th.

SAXON Y.
Letters from Dresden, of the 19th, announce the ar-
rival of the King of PRUSSIA in the city.
In the same number of the Deutsche Ailgemeine Zei-
tung, which announces his MAJESTY'S arrival in Dres-
des, apprehensions are expressed of the approaching re-
signation of the Liberal Minister OBERLANDER, in con-
sequence of the intrigues of the ro-actionary Camarilla,
who completely govern the King of SAXONY.