The Sun.
London, England, 1846-03-11 00:00:00

MARCH 11, 1843.

•
for leave to present a petition for a Bill, the standing order ought to
be dispensed with :—That the parties be permitted to present a peti-
tion accordingly.
5. That, in the ease of the Somersetshlre Midland Railway peti-
tion to present the Bill, the sessional order ought to be dispensed
with That the parties be permitted to present their Bill accordingly.
6. That, in the case of the Worsley Roads petition, the standing
orders ought not to be dispensed with.
First, second, third, fourth, and fifth resolutions agreed to.—Be-
port to lie on the table.

SECOND READINGS OF RAILWAY BILLS.
MONDAY, MARCH I&.
Leeds, Yo:i:, and Midland Junction.
Tring, Reading, and Basingstoke (Tring to Saunderton).
TUESDAY, MARCH 17.
Manchester and Hyde.
Direct Birmingham' and Leicester.
Runcorn and Preston Brook.
Manehester and Poole (Luggershall, Salisbury, and Poole).

RAILWAY- SHARE MARKETS.
MANCHESTER., Mattel' 10.
STOCK EKCHANGE.—The sales are7--Clitheroe Junction, % dis.—
East Lancashire, No. 2,33 i P.—Goole, Doncaster, Sheffield, &c., % p.
—Lancashire and Nottli 'Yorkshire, 3,4 • dis. —Liverpool, Freston,
Manchester, and Southport, 3s. 6d. P.—Manchester, Buxton, Mat-
lock, and Midland, 1% p. Manchester and Birmingham, Quarters
(C), 6p, c.—Manchester and Leads, 47 p..—Ditto, Fifths, 994 H.
North Staffordshire, 3 1-1 G p.—Sheftield and Manchester, Quarters,
No. 3, 2 p.—West Riding Union,' 1 9-16 p.
LEEDS, Mallen 10.
STOCK ExcnaisinE.—The sales are—London and Croydon, 20%
Manchester -and Leeds Extensions, 2% p.—EaSt Lancashire, No. 2
(late Accrington), 254 p.—Great Grimsby and Sheffield, Quarter
Shares, 2s. Gd. dis.—Leeds and. Bradford, 47—Leeds and Thirsk,
17s. 6d. dis.—NOrth British, New Carlisle Branch, 2—London and
York,-3/21s.—Liverpool, Ormskirk, and Preston, 20s. p.—West Riding
Union, 412—Bradford, Wakefield, and Midland, 20s. 6d..
Buckinghamshire (late Rugby), 7s.,fxl. dis.—Grand Union, 88. dis.—
Lancashire, Yorkshire, and North Eastern, 225. Gd. dn.—Leeds,
Wakefield, and Midland, 12s. Gd. dis.—Manchester, Buxton, Mat-
lock, and Midland, 31s. p.—Midland and Thirsk Junction, 255. dis.—
North Staffordshire, 3 p. —North Western, lls. p.
SHEFFIELD. Marten 10.
STOCK EXCHANGE.—The sales are—Grimsby and Sheffield Quar-
ter Shares, 1% —Leeds, Wakefield, and Midland, lls.—Manchester
and Lincoln Union and Canal, H. 17s.—Sheffield and Lincolnshire, 2.
NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE, M Altai 10. -
STOCK EXCHANGE.—The sales are—Manchester, Leeds Extension,
214 p.—North British, Halves (Carlisle), p.
HUDDERSFIELD, -Mallon 10.
STOCK EiCHANGE.—The sales are—Huddersfield and Manches-
ter Railway and Canal, 8— Oxford, Worcester, and Wolverhampton,
13U Grand Union, 203.—Iludderstleld, Ilxlifax, and Bradford
Union, 21. 19s.—Manchester, Buxton, Matlock, and Midland, 31s. '
6d.—Manchester, Huddersfield, and Great Grimsby, 27s.—London
and York, 31. 4s.—West Riding Union, 31. 10s. Gd.

HULL, MARCH 10.
STOCK Excnsisoz.—The sales are—North British, Carlisle, 21. 4s,
—Hull and Barnsley Junction, 255. 6d.—Lincola and Wainfleet, 355,
—North Staffordshire, 51. is..—West Riding Union, 33 .
YORK, Miami 10.

Snick Excneriax.—The sales are—Direct Northern, 2—Grand
Union, I—Leicester and Bedford, 171.—London and York, 3%
Ditto, Extension, 21. 125.—Manchester, Buxton, Matlock, and Mid-
land, 31. 13s.—Newcastle and Berwick; 18X—Newcastle and Dar-
lington, Branding, 37!4 —Ditto, Extensions, 9 —North
Carlisle Extension, 21. 25.--Welsh Midland, 11.3x.—York and North
Midland, Selby, 74—Ditto, Extension, 31—Ditto New (East and
West Riding), 914.

_
EDINBURGH, MARCH 7.
STOCK EXCHANGE.—The sales are—Aberdeen, Banff, and Elgin,
345. Direct Northern, 44s.—East Lothian Central and Tyne Valley
Junction, .335. —Edinburgh, Glasgow, and Dumbarton, 16s.—Edin-
burgh and Leith Atmospheric, 25s.—Edinburgh and Northern (New-
port), 23s.—North British, Extension to Carlisle, 495.
GLASGOW, 31Ancn 9.
STOCK EYCIIANGE.—The sales are—Airdrie and Batligate, 40s.—
British and Irish Union, 50.3.—Caledonlan, 11%—Caledonian Exten-
sion, 38s.—Caledonian and Ayrshire Junction, 30s.—Caledonian and
Dumbartonshire Junction, 44s.—East Indian Railway, 10s. 3d.—
Edinburgh, Glasgow, and Dumbarton, Ms. W.—Glasgow General
Terminus, 8% Glasgow and Belfast Union, 345. 6d.—Glasgow,
Kilmarnock, and Ayr, 701.—Ditto, New, 241.—Glasgow, Dumfries,
and Carlisle, 383.—Glasgow, Kilmarnock, and Ardrossan, 47s.—
Glasgow and Dundee Juliet( n, 32s.—Great Indian Peninsular, Bs.
6d.—Lesmahagow, 425. —Perth and Inverness, 30s. 6d.— Scottish
Central, 141.—Scottish Midland Junction, 4% —South Midland, 665.
Stirling and Dunfermine, 395.

POOR MAN'S GUARDIAN SOCIETY

PARISH OF MARYLEBONE.

A meeting of the parishioners of St. Marylebone was held, on Tues-
day evening, at Investigation Hall, Circus-street, New-road, to re-
ceive the report of the deputation to the Vestry of St. Marylebone
on behalf of the unemployed and destitute poor, and to consider the
necessity of establishing a Poor Man's Guardian Society.
Pr. Cox, having been called to the chair, said he could assure
those present that he addressed them as friends, and he made use of
the term with the warmest and best feelings of his heart, which he
believed they would give him credit for. He came before them in
the cause of the 'poor man with a philanthropic object—in the hope
that they could ameliorate the condition of the poor by careful atten-

tion to their rights, and by expending money, if necessary, and by
raising up the wrong and the oppressed. It was with that object
before them that he had consented to take the chair that evening,
and it would ever be a source of happiness to hint, if he should in
any way be instrumental towards securing it. They had met more-
over to receive a report from the deputation to the Vestry of Mary-
lebone, which had originated in a meeting held in the same place
some time before, and he would, therefore, call on Mr. Cochrane to
lay that report before the meeting.
Mr COCIIRANE said, the object of the meeting was for the purpose
of endeavouring, by combination of movement, to obtain that aid
and assistance for the poorer classes generally, which they stood in
need of, and to obtain that assistance from the legal sources of the
public, by a firm, united, and determined course of conduct. They
would recollect that they had been addressed, at a former meeting iu
that place, on the part played by the Vestry, asd that what had been
said on that occasion, led to a strong expression of feeling in favour
of a deputation to the vestry from that meeting. That took place on
the 22d ofJanuary last. On the 26th of the same month, the vestry
convened a meeting in the workhouse-yard ; but giving advet timment
of that meeting only or. the 24th ; so that a powerful effect had been pro-
duced on the vestry by their proceedings. He could not help ex-
pressing his strong conviction, that but for them the vestry would
not only not have convened a meeting on that day, bat they were
actually afraid tp meet the parishioners, and give them short notice.
He could not help adding, that it did not say much for the vestry
that they had been afraid of an examination. Before the meeting
he (Mr. Cochrane) went over to the workhouse-yard, that he might
see the system pursued there with the poor, and he found that the
staple means of relief was bread and water-gruel.—(Hear, hear.) A
man who came in, or rather was brought into the house in a state of
exhaustion and utterly destitute, pet haps half dying from want of
food, one of the items on their tables, framed by the vestry, for this
being, was bread and water-gruel. The next thing was, that there
was a Quantity of work for him to do next day.—(Cries of " Shame.")
And the third thing was, that if he refused to do that work they took
care to have him up.before a magistrate. He (Mr. Cochrane) did not
mean to say that a man should be idle; but bad as poverty was in

. . -
itself, the law which existed tended to' make the condition of the
poor more abject and oppressed. At the meeting at the workhouse-
yard a motion was got up conveying thanks to the vestry, but he
(Mr. Cochrane) made an amendment, not knowing indeed whether
he had adopted the proper mode to gain his end, that the rules of the
vestry with reference to the relief of the poor should be read to the
meeting before that resolution was put. But directly that he moved
to the trout of the hustings he was received with hooting. Till than
indeed he did not know he was a person of any importance whatever
in the parish—for a man's degree of importance might be measured
by the hissing with which he was received. However, when that
had subsided so much as to allow him to tell the meeting he had not
come to defend the pOer-law guardians, the hissing ceased in front,
and all that still continued came from behind him, from among the
guardians themselves. lie did not succeed in getting the rules read
at the meeting, but he did still maintain that the public had a right
to know what the rules were, and if they were based
on justiee and humanity, he had maintained that the
vestry should not have been afraid to have them publicly read. Thus
far as to that. He had written since to the guardians for a copy of
them, that when the deputation waited on the vestry he might con-
front them with their own rules ; but he could not succeed in getting
them. The deputation which waited on the vettry from the former
mee was numerous, and they were well received by the vestry.
Mr t and himself addressed them, and he thought their only
defer ected to himself, was " What did you do when you
were g (Hear.) But, supposing he (Mr. Cochrane) had
done not ng,.tha othing to do with the point the deputation
had in hand ; and he was not the whole deputation, nor the only re-
presentative of the parishioners ; it mattered not whether he yvas a
good man or a bad man. But they put a question which turned pain-
fully against themselves in the long rim. He told the vestry that he
would answer this question, but on them would fall the effects of it.
Mr. Cochrane said to the meeting that it eame to his knowledge,
whilst he was a guardian, that one day a poor woman came to the
house, with a child at her breast, not a month after the birth ;
that a medical man declared , that her breast was so flat that
she had no ,sources of nourishment for her child. She
came to the workhouse ;
.ahe asked for money, but it was refused ;
she asked for bread, butPewas refused; she was shut out from the
workhouse : such' was if* exhaustion, so sunk was nature, and
reason was so masterea by. instincts grown superior, that that
mother within,aqiueur of her being shut out of the workhouse went
and threw her Mid' into_thb river and destroyed it and gave herself
up to the polle Igifesihnt freely what she had done. Till then
this 4sansactiou kePt &secret. He (11 r.Cochrane) felt it his duty to
search Into iti e event to the attorney who was managing the un-
happy worn ' citge, by this time a prisoner in Newgate, and he
prayed the A t ey to have himself and the medical man subpoenaed
for the tri : ' ey were subpoenaed, but their testimony was not
called for , n re unhappy woman was condemned to be executed
as a murd rer ;
,but he was happy to add that an appeal made to
14
htr Mai .ty en her behalf was successful. Thus much for the
i
vestry. Ile was-not boastful of what he had done, but he thought it
proper tOeWl,ifirein of that. Before leaving he thought it necessary
to remind them of the advertisement they had put in the
papers for, ,it Man and a woman superintendent, whose
qualiAgglitinA were to be able to read the church service. Ile
though hat the poor should have the privilege as they had the
right to appear themselves In the house of God. Now, he said, was
the time to come forward with the movement whicli they were just
taking up. The House of Commons he was glad to see had stirred
in the case of the Andover Union. Ite hoped -that by firm and re-
spectful conduct they would induce the respectable portion of society to
rally round them till they were ablelo make an impression on the
public mind of the treatment of the poor. He sat down after read-
ing the following resolution which had been adopted by the vestry in
reference to the deputation:—

" Samuel Stephens, Esq., in the chair. Resolved—That the de.
potation be informed that the ministering of relief to the poor is a
duty devolving upon the board of guardians, and that this beard
being composed of good and just men, the board is of opinion that
every care is taken of the poor".—(Cries of " Shame.")
Mr. JORDAN said, when waiting on the vestry with the deputation,
he had asked the chairman whether the provision for the casual
poor was equally ample with that made for the local poor, and all
the answer he received was---(Here Mr. Jordan shook his head in
token of the negative, and caused much l• tr.) He concluded by
moving that this meeting did not consider esolution of the vestry
satisfactory.
' 31r BOYLES, one of the guardians, wisjied to make Rome explana-
tio,na before the resolution Was-put. He said,Mr. Cochrane had men-
tioned one case,..which wa.i undoubtedly true, but he believed there
were circumstances which ilecesgtated the wothan's being refused at
the time. (Mr. B. then proceeded to quote the dietary table for the
local poor, when he'svultt)/fed bj the Clioirman, who said that
meeting had nothing to do except with the casual poor.) Ile, con-
tinued to ".trams";-;,(Qhf Oh)—it had fallen to his lot to go
With th':' ..or again and it7airdo Marylebone workhouse. He had
obtat for the . alf of a qltialitern loaf and sixpence, or a quartern
loa . , , ~. wog ayi9i -a shilling., eighteenpence, and 2s. f.d.,
ace's.. 31 --the nun-ipeeof.- children tbeY had. lie had done that
sin • I.: -t. asf year fir 140'citeii, Sundays not excepted ; and in
no case had'he,refused; exeept• in One of a young man of bad cha-
r, ovwlrenlie:was examined afterwards, was found with ls.6d.
tikino y4nlliis ill's au and _the .half of a quartern loaf,. which he
lb
jvr. oyles) hid .prev ou4iy given him privately at his own house,
IThej-eung maitilld*rio. know his, house again, being brought in by
another eittfitiAife,'-an(i htr:cime ard pleaded destitution and want,
notwithstanding that he poes.essed all that money, and had the bread
,he .(31E. linles). had giveu him cut up into slices, and stowed away
abouehis person: HO 'said there were no rules printed for the casual
'poOr;tut they werebeing printed. Indeed the department had only
existed three weeks or a fortnight altogether in 3larylebone.
Tie CHAIRMAN (to Mr. Boyles)—ls it, then, that every poor per-
son going through the parish receives half of a quartern loaf and
ed., or Is., or 25., as the sate may require ? I ask you for informa-
tion which may be satisfactory. You may be a per..on of influence,
you may go up to the workhouse, and get such a relief for them.

Mr. lioir.Es—lt was invariably the practice, and did not proceed
from influence. lie had never known an instance of refusal, except
where there was a dissolute character.
The resolution was seconded by Mr. SAVAGE, and carried unani-
mously.
Mr. SAVAGE said he rose to bring the more important business of
the evening before the meeting. He had to propose a resolution
for the institution of a society to watch over the interests of the poor;
and in doing so he had in the first place to observe that he did not
refer to the guardians in one union or another, or in any union in
particular, but he would lay it down generally that these mcn under-
take to perform the duties of guardians, and having undertaken are
satisfied to bear the honour, delegating their duties to their paid ser-
vants. He said he would bear out what he had to say by facts. Mr.
Savage then proceeded to quote largely from the police reports, and
to comment on them as he proceeded. He said they knewwell with what
ease the guardians could make their accusations, and bring forward
their servants always servile enough to corroborate their statements,
while the poor men stood alone, and though he had a good character
might not have the means at hand to prove it. lie would hare men treat-
ed as men ; he would have the legal relief administered in a free, and
generous, and honourable way, not meanly doled out in scanty pit-
tance to the needy victim. He did not think that the existing local

authorities gave sufficient intimation to the public where ther poor
could find relief, and how they were to go about it ; but that he
hoped would be remedied by the Society they were about to establish.
He knew a case which had occurred within the last fourteen days
which illustrated the unkind treatment to which the poor had been
subjected. An old man had lived in the same parish 67 years, he had
seen his children married and gone, and now he was reduced to seek
admission into the workhouse. He was admitted. The first thing
they did to him was a very proper thing—they put him into the bath. .
But how did those who attended on the bath use the old gentleman,
frail at those years? They left him standing in the bath, on the
cold stones, till he caught disease, and was taken up to bed, and
within a few days he died. They wished, then, to let the guardians
know their duty—that they must not leave it to their hirelings to
perform. Mr. Savage then referred to the Andover Union. He said
he knew it from well-authenticated sources, and he hoped the House
of Commons would look into it, that the late master of that union had
privately employed female labour, and sent the produce, which had
cost him nothing, into the London market against free labour, which
was paid for at the rate of 9s. per dozen shirts.—(Cries of" Shame.")
These guardians dealt in man, made merchandise of the poor, filled
their pockets from their unrewarded labour, and " the poor they sent
empty away."

--- -
Mr. ASHBORNE seconded the resolution, supporting it with many
able and pertinent remarks.
The following resolution was then put and carried unanimously :
" That the frequent repsrts of the harsh and unjust way the ne-
cessitous poor are oppressed, both in the workhouses or as casual
poor, of the difficulties in the way of obtaining the scanty relief
allotted them by the law, and the impossibility of those who are in
need obtaining redress from any injustice practised towards them,
either by neglect of the guardians or the wilfulness of their officers,
this meeting is of Opinion that a society should be established as a
Poor Man's Guardian Society, to insure the humane dispensation of
the law, and to protect the poor against neglect and oppression."
Mr. L'orr.Es interposed to deny the applicability of what had been
said to the union of St. Marylebone.
Mr. J. SAVACE moved—
" That a committee, with power to add to their number, be ap-
pointed to establish such a society, and to carry out the foregoing
resolutions into effect, by appealing to the public, or other such means
as they may think proper."
Mr. DEvostroaT seconded the resolution, which was passed inland-
measly.

31r. COCHRANE moved that the thanks of the meeting should be
-given to the press for their alvocac3, of the interests of the poor.
The Motion was carried without opposition.
Mr. SAVAGE moved that John Walter, Esq., of Bearweod, long the
tried friend of the poor, should be requested to become the President
of the Society.

The motion was seconded and carried unanimously.
It was moved by Mr. SAVAGE, and carried by the meeting—
" That no-object of a political or party character be connected with
this society."
A vote of thanks having been passed to the Chairman, the meeting
adjourned.

THE POLISH INSURRECTION.
We here give from the continental papers some additional
details respecting this attempt to raise the standard of free-
dom in Poland, and regret to find that nearly all concur in
stating that there is not the slightest chance of success.
The Journal des Debats of Monday says :--=" We received
yesterday sad news of the Polish insurrection. It may be
remembered that General Collins, repulsed by the. insurgents
from Cracow, had first retired to Podgorze and next to Wa-
dowice, where he had taken up his position. The insurgents,
who had destroyed a part of the bridge of boats on the Vis-
tula under the tire of the Austrian troops, made an invasion
into Gallicia by passing the river, which, near Cracow, is as
wide as the Seine at Paris. They directed their course
towards Bochnia and Wieliezka, where are salt mines
which form one of the richest resources of the Austrian
Government. They seized on them, and advanced into
the circle of Tarnow, hoping to find a general rising in
their favour. Others, after having repaired the bridge, oc-
cupied Podgorze, and endeavoured to propogate the insur-
rection. We have said that a horrible struggle had taken
place in the circle of Tarnow between the nobles and the
peasants. The litter, remaining faithful to the Austrian
Government, attacked their masters and the emissaries who
endeavoured to urge them to insurrection, and massacred the
greater number of them. After this unexpected success,
Colonel Benedetti, head of the staff of General Retsi, Com-
mander in-Chief of the army of Gallicia, proceeded to or-
ganize militarily the peasants who showed so much bitter-
ness against the insurgents. He divided them into compa-
nies under the orders of non-commissioned officers drawn
from the troops of General Collin, established at Wadowice.
The insurgents, after having occupied Wieliezka, situated
within two leagues of Podgorze, advanced to Gdow, on the
Bochnia road. It was on this point there took place a first
combat between the insurgents and the peasants, commanded
by Colonel Benedetti. This engagement, of which we want
the details, had for result the retreat of a part of the insur-
gents in the direction of Wieliezka and Podgorze. General
Collins, who had at the same time received reinforcements,
took advantage of this circumstance, and on the 27th of
February marched on Podgorze, which, it may be remem-
bered, is in front of Cracow, on the right bank of the
Vistula, The insurgents, organised in a hurry and badly
armed, 'endeavoured however to hold Podgorze, the
position of which offered no means of defence.
The combat was on both sides sharp and well. con-
tested, although the Austrians acknowledge only one man
killed and seven wounded, but after two successive attacks
the Austrian troops occupied Podgorze. The insurgents
took refuge in the city of Cracow. This place is seriously
menaced by General Collin, who, under the protection of his
artillery, can effect the passage of the Vistula either above or
below the town, whilst the insurgents cannot any longer so
easily attempt the passage of the river, having only some
dismounted pieces, and being exposed to the attacks of the
troops united with the peasants, whosri Colonel Benedetti
supports.with detachments of infantry and cavalry. Gene-
ral Rohr still occupies the same position on the frontiers of
the republic of Cracow, receiving every day reinforcements
from Silesia. As to the Russian troops dispatched towards
that direction, we have no information as to their move-
ments. Thus, in the actual state of the insurrection, and of
troops of the three protecting powers of the republic, the
denouement of this unfortunate but heroic, attempt of the
Poles cannot be long delayed."
The German journals, which arrived at Paris on Monday
morning, do not bring much news respecting the insurrection.
The Augsburg Gazette states that General Paskewitsch has
offered to place a corps d'arntee at the service of the Arch-
duke Ferdinand of Austria, but that it is not probable the
offer will be accepted, as the Austrians consider their own
force more than sufficient to put dawn the insurrection in
their part of the Polish territory. The Austrian Observer
publishes the official report by General Collin of the
defeat of the insurgents at Podgorze. General Collin
states that he had only one killed and seven wounded, but
that the insurgents left a great number of dead, and he made
89 prisoners. The Universal Gelman Gazette mentions
a rumour from Breslaw of the 3d that the insurgents of
Cracow had capitulated, and were to evacuate the town on
the stle. Several more arrests have been made at Posen, but
the whole of Prussian Poland is said to be tranquil.
(From the Epoque, another Government paper.)
" We think it useful to remark how difficult it is, and how
rash it would be, to pronounce, in the midst of so many con-
tradictory reports and opposite versions, on the seal import-
ance and character of events at Cracow. As much as we
should be distressed at allowing it to be supposed that we are
indifferent to the generous efforts which a friendly nation can
make to recover its nationality, brutally violated, so much
should we reproach ourselves with imprudently encouraging
vain demonstrations, which, far from profiting that nation,
would only tend to increase its servitude and augment its
misery. IVe leave to others, for this moment, the task of
applauding or criticising events, before even any positive fact
permits a reasonable and well-founded opinion to be formed.
As to us, we fear that the end of this will be much bloodshed,
and perhaps, terrible reactions, and that is, we should
imagine, a reason grave enough for men ofsense to approve our
keeping silence until we can pronounce with a real knowledge
of the matter."

The National says:—
" We cannot give a faithful account of all the visits, letters,
and ardent, deep, and pathetic testimonies received by us
yesterday in favour of the Polish insurrection. It is then
true that a holy cause and an intrepid devotedness are suffi-
cient to make the generous blood of France thrill in her
veins, and precipitate all the pulsations of her heart. Let
us, therefore, declare to these brave men who combat yonder
10 against 1.000, how much their heroism penetrates the
whole of France with admiration ! Let us tell them that
young men belonging to all classes of society, students,
clerks, workmen, have come in crowds to express to us their
desire to not only subscribe for Poland, but to set out to lend
her their assistance. Let'us tell them that if we were per-
mitted to-morrow to enrol volunteers, a French army would
soon have joined the insurgents, who have risen in the name
of their country! We know well that it is men's arms that
they want! and it is one of our misfortunes to be reduced
to impotent good wishes! But there is also strength
in right: there is strength in the opinion of a country
like ours! Cold-blooded spirits, which only look in
all things to success, calculate all chances: recktm the
battalions of the enemy, and entertain respect only for vic-
tory I Ali ! we should be less agitated, less disturbed, were
the victory certain ! It is because the Poles are feeble that
they appear so great It appeared that fury and vengeance
had forced the last breath from this nation without name,
without worship, without territory !
Its'eraelmthn,anntosr were
sl
ci sa•
persed : it possessed neither unity nor la
strength. Behold, it rises up all of a sudden, and com-
mences, at the end of 60 years, its seventh insurrection, which
affronts alone, naked and isolated as it is, three formidable
powers ; which seizes on a city, establishes a government,
and calls to arms all that responds to the name of Poland !
And a population of heroes is then seen to spring from that
nationality which was believed extinct. There are no
longer any distinctions either of age or sex ; the Catholic
priest, the Jew, and the Protestant take up arms with emu-
lation; the women combat by the side of men : burgesses,
peasants, nobles, are nothing more than citizens, and all
these citizens are soldiers uttering the same cry, invoking
the same God—the God giving to all the same souls to
love their country."
The Fiance alludes as follows to the demonstration made
on Saturday by the Polish refugees at the Hotel Lam-
bert : _

--4 What is the object of the Debats in rendering an account
of this proceeding of the Polish refugees? Is it to give it its
approbation? Is it to make it believed that the French Go-
vernment beholds with interest this manifestation—that it
approves of and encourages it? For our part we shall state
what we fear Undoubtedly there is no one who does not
render homage to the character of Prince Czartoryski, and
to the heroic courage with which the Princess Czartoryski
devotes herself for the unfortunate Polish refugees. But in
giving a grand and official publicity to the. proceeding of the
Polish refugees for the purpose of offering the chief power
to the Prince, has it been considered what a situation was
made for the Government ? This proceeding may not per-
haps have been seen with indifference by the representa-
tives of Prussia, Austria, and Russia. They will demtnd
from the French Government if it approves of it. We know
beforehand the reply. The refugees and Prince Czartoryski
himself will be sacrificed, after having been apparently en-
couraged. The present Cabinet, in accordance with the dy-
nastic policy, beholds with a sort cf joy the public emotion,
the subscriptions which are being organised, and the national
movement in France towards the heroic courage of the
Poles. That serves more than is thought the system of
peace at all cost. They will give themselves credit for hav-
ing resisted a national movement in favour of Poland, and
already notes are prepared for Berlin, Vienna, and St. Pe-
tersburgh, to carry protest4tions of devotedness in favour of
European order. We cannot say whether the proceedings
of the Polish emigrants and the attitude of Prince Czarto-
ryski will impart more force to the insurrection, but it is
certain that they will serve the policy which is opposed to
them, and which will not only abandon them, but deliver
them up, whatever they do. The dynastic policy and the
Ministerial policy perceive in this a means of remlertugseert-
vice to Europe, and they reckon on reaping allthe benefit
possible from an agitation which at bottom scarcely dis-
quiets them."

Fleet, who was at the recent Bucks Assizes, sentenced
to be :executed, has been reprieved. He was tried before Baron
Perke, and con victed of having caused the death of Ann liar, a
young woman, by giving leer corrosive sublimate to procure abortion.