The Sun.
London, England, 1846-05-12 00:00:00

hear.) Just let me prove this by eliciting the attention of the
House to the manufacturing district of Lancashire, where the
cotton trade flourishes most. Who is the principal landed pro-
prietor of the district? The Ear; of Derby. And what are the
opinions of the Earl of Derby ? Is he against freedom of trade,
and in favour of agricultural protection ? No, he is decidedly
opposed to the latter, and favourable to the former. But
perhaps you will say, he holds this opinion because his property
is in immediate proximity with manufactures that are
likely to be considerably improved and extended
under free trade. Let us take another part of the
country. There is Lord Burlington, who is an
extensive agi iculturist residing in this part of the country, is
he opposed to the corn-laws ? No, he decidedly is not ; and
here, then, we have their Lords Derby arid Burlington, two
large landed proprietors, who are opposed to agricultural pro-
tection.—(Cheers ) Then there is Lord Francis Egerton,
who certainly is connected more or less with the commercial
interest of the country, bat still he possesses consideraii!e
landed troperty, and he is opposed to the continuance of the
corn-laws.—(Hear, hear.) Let us go now to the West Riding
of Yorkshire, the seat of our woollen manufactures. The
Earl of Fitzwilliam is an extensive landowner there, but he is
not opposed to this movement. Pass now over to Scotland,
which, perhaps, is not so much dependent upon the commer-
cial prosperity of the country as the district I have already
mentioned. Let us go to Lanarkshire.—( Hear, hear.) What
is the opinion of the Duke of Hamilton? Why, he is reso-
lutely opposed to the existing protective system.—(Cheers.)
You must not say, then, that you represent the whole
of the landed interest of the country, or you will
be assuming that which I am sure the majority of the
House will agree with me you have no right to.—( Hear,
hear.) The Hon. Gentleman the Member for Somerset has
mentioned an extraordinary fact, which, in my opinion, is most
conclusive, in favour of the change which we now propose. He
says the price of wheat, since 1809, has averaged from 925. to
455. per quarter, but within the last three years the price had
ymtbebeeaaearnnssu,terbexbiscuwe;teil aldingly steady. Nothing can be more conclusive
rlpidroandtneur de es
alatninisyfieaygdrebaitg:ryw'i changethall ptiinvle t
hd
to‘h thinkpentoktpeeoopfle be
better
advantage of always having
tab constant 'and regular
home.—(Cheers.)
) inl
have
spot
supply of food, and protect
oe;narri arrived atns against
this t he
conclusion sndd en
temporary scarcity
uaritnstiinhlg°rmecee.°l-7ftly, but I arrived at it after a very careful considera-
tion of the subject, and a minute and searching •
the authorities upon it.—( Hear, hear.) No on ee zee/7 Zan othat
f
the corn-laws are a monopoly, and I for one, agree
witth Lord Granville, when he says, " Monopoly is
the parent of scarcity and dearness. "—(Loud cheers. )
Now, Sir, I am certain, therefore, entertaining these opinions,
and most anxious that this measure which we are now discuss-
ing, should pass unmutilated and intact—( Hear, hear)—l
hays a strong conviction that if it become the law of this land
it will protect the labourer against dearness of price in an
article which is necessary for his subsistence 1 believe it will
give security to the farmer in his speculations arid in his
profits, and, more than all, I believe that this measure, and this
measure only, can reconcile the prosperity of the landlord with
the interests and food of the country at large.—( Cheers.) I
believe that it will extend our commerce—l believe that it will
secure the prosperity of our manufactures. lam quite sure that
it will place our foreign relations upon the surest and most
stable foundations of amity.—(Cheers.) it is my conscientious
belief that it will be memorable in our history—(Cheers)—me-
morable for this that it ha- secured the prosperity, the content-
ment, the peace and happiness of the great body of the people
--(Cheers)—without reference to the exclusive interests of
any particular class.—( Loud and continued cheering.)
CALEY then proceeded to address the Howie in so low
a tone as scarcely to be heard in the reporters' gallery. We
understood him to say that the Right Hon. Baronet had
just misrepresented the opinions of Lord Granville, who whilst
he described monopoly as the parent of scarcity, did not intend
to describe the present corn-law.—(Hear. hear.) That law
was protective, but not prohibitory—( Hear.) It was called
protective not because it starved the people, but because it pro-
tected the employment of labourers in the cultivation of the
land. When the Right Hon. Baronet had stated that there
were several large landowners who were in favour at the pre-
sent measures, he should have recollected that such individuals
could never be affected by any change in the commercial legis-
lation of the country.—( Oh, oh.) Thew had no proof that
low prices reduced the prosperity of the country; these
periods of action and reaction were unavoidable
He held the opinion now which he always held, and that was,
that this was a dangerous experiment. It would injure land..
lords, farmers, and labourers, and involve the whole agricul-
tural community in one common ruin. The Right Hon.
Baronet said, that if the people of this country were in favour
of free-trade principles, it was their duty to submit to the
general feeling on this subject. For his part, however repug-
nant he might feel te, alterations of such a pernicious tendency,
he would bow to public opinion if fairly and generally expressed
with regard to them. But he denied that such was the
case.—( Hear, hear.) He denied that public opinion
was in favour of these measures. ( Hear, hear.)
How was this public tested? The history of the Anti-Corn-
law League was that they bad made a great number of speeches,
and the result was, that the impression made by gentlemen
of talent, who generally addressed such assemblies, had gained
the opinion of two-thirds of the middle classes in favour of the
Right Hon. Baronet's measure. But he believed, however,
that if they were to canvass the opinions of the working classes,
they would find that two-thirds of them were against the
measure. Had they ever called meetings at Manchester ?
An Honourable MEMBER—We have : several.
Mr. CALEY—If they had, he did not call them public
meetings. They were got up in that manner, there was no ex-
pression of the working classes taken, for they were meetings
got up not for discussion, but for the purpose of making
speeches for a repeal of the corn-laws. It would be very
natural for the working-classes to oppose this measure, for,
whatever philosophers might think, it was not yet in the
minds of the working classes that competition was for their
general good. Competition might be carried out to too great
a length.—( Hear, hear.) There was one competition that
might be favourable, he meant the competition of reciprocity.
He believed that there was no sacrifice that the landowners
were not prepared to make for the public good, were it shown
to them that such a sacrifice was necessary.—i Hear, hear. )
The Right Hon. Gentleman said that a more or less degree of
protection was necessary ; but he thought it very hard on the
English farmer, that what remained of it was to be removed.
The Right Hon Baronet stated that other countries would fol-
low the example of this measure: hut V... .I.o,era that
much, unless the principle of free trade had been established in
this country for a number of years. If that had been so, then
it was probable M. Guizot would say to the French
Chambers, " See what Eng:and, the greatest country on the
face of the globe, has done—why not follow her example?"
The Hon. Member, with a volubility of utterance, and in a
lowness of tone, that rendered him utterly unreportable, then
proceeded to review the factory system, in connexion with the
manufacturing districts, which the free trade advocates were
desirous of extending, contending, amidst the cheers of the
protection benches, that he could not support the present mea-
sure, on the ground that to do so would be
to extend a system that had been hitherto
productive of great mischief, and likely under the proposed
measure to be much more so. There were much higher con-
siderations than profit or cheapness to be viewed in connexion
with the present question. They must view it in its physical,
moral, social, and religious influence on the nation generally,
but more especially on the working classes.—( Hear, hear.)
the Hon. Member implored the Hon. Baronet opposite to
pause before, by this measure, he destroyed the Church, the
constitution, and the colonies. The sentiment of loyalty in
the colonies might be at present very strong, but there were
otner sentiments equally powerful ; and the House might rest
assured that, if this Hill were carried, they would render
themselves a scorn and a mockery to surrounding nations, and
they would sacrifice the freedom, the independence, and indus-
try of England's hardy labourers. —(Cheers.)
The Hoe. Meeteea in conclusion repeated. in a tone of the
most profound solemnity, the whole of that well known melody...-
" Oh Woodman spare that tree."
At the conclusion a burst of the most vociferous cheering re-
warded the poetic effusion of the Hon. Member.
On the motion of Mr. NEWDEGATE the debate was ad-
journed.

W. S. O'BRIEN—WARRANT OF COMMITTAL.
Mr. P. BUTLER moved for a copy of the warrant under
which Mr. W. S. O'Brien was committed to the custody of the
Serjeant-at-Arms.—Agreed to.
CALEDONIAN RAILWAYS.
Mr. BROTHERTON presented two petitions in favour of
this railway.
The House adjourned at One o'clock. "_

PARLIAMENTARY BUSINESS.
From the Votes and Proceedings or the House of Commons.)
MONDAY, MAY 11.

The following Petitions for Railways were reported, and the Bhlia
ordered to be brought in by the undernamed Hon. Members:—
Liverpool and Bury—Mr. Patten and Mr. Entwisle.
Lancaster and Preston Junction and Carlisle Railways Amalgama-
tion—Colonel Lowther and Mr. C. Howard.
West Lancashire —Mr. Brotherton and Mr. M. Philips.
The following Petition for a Railway Bill was withdrawn:—
Manchester and Bury Atmo spheric.

RAILWAYS
Select Committee on Group No. 22.
Earl of Arundel and Surrey discharged; Mr. Alexander selected,
and added to the Committee.

Select Committee on Group No. 23.
Lord Oumiston discharged, 31r. Trelatwny selected, and added to
he Committee.

CENTRAL CR/MINAL COURT.
OLD COURT.

William Jordan, alias Ifithileton, aged 18, WaS indicted
for stealing
two coats and other articles, the property of
Thomas Barfield.
The prisoner pleaded guilty, and, addressing the Court,
said he had made some very bad acquaintances, and he
hoped that such a sentence would be passed upon him, as
would effectually separate him from the evil connexions he
had formed.
The RECORDER sentenced him to be transported for seven
years.

James Andrews, aged 44, was found guilty of stealing, in
the dwelling .house of Edward Gifford, nineteen silver forks,
his property.
The jury recommended him to mercy, and he was sen-
tenced to twelvemonths' imprisonment, with hard labour.
Thomas Oliver, aged 22, a well-dressed young man, was
indicted for burglariously breaking into the dwelling-house
of Richard Chrimes, and stealing a cream jug, two 51. bank
notes, and other articles, his property. The robbery was
committed in a most daring manner.
The jury found the prisoner guilty of the offence of steal-
ing in a dwelling-house above the value of 51., and he was
sentenced to be transported for ten years.

[ADVERTIsEMENT.]—SPLENDID ARE kNGEMENT OF
LOOKING-GLASS, producing the effect of 'a lone arcade, and of
bewil&ring as to cause a doubt whether you are in London or
in old Rome.

" Arch follows arch, and pile succeeds to pile."
This unique apartm, nt is devoted to cutting and arranging the
hair in, and with another having a beautiful view of Naples, are
on the ground-floor. In calling attention to their establish-
ment, llo,s and Sons beg to notice the advantages of their
system—viz.. they never take apprentices nor young men from
the country, nor object to carom rs asking for the same man
to wait upon them , every person has clean brushes, they never
being used twice, without being washed ; and parties arc not
pressed to buy things they do not want. Address, Ross and
Sons, 119 and 120, B:shopsgate-street.
AIIvERTISEMENT.] SIGHT AND HEARING. 39,
Albemarle-street, Piccadilly. Newly-invented Spectacles, Tele-
scopes, Opera Glasses, Microscopes, &c. Patronised by Generals
Sir Edward Paget, Sir Evan Lloyd, Sir John Keating*, Maiston,
Frederick Goodfellow, Clayton, Grosvenor Morrison, Dyott Robert-
son, Mackenzie, Galway, Biggs, Woolf, ' Murray, Walker, Fox,
Price, Lindsay, and Thackray ; Major Generals Sir H. Elphinstone,
Sir John Ross, Sir James Cockburn, Achinty, P. Fyers, D. Macleod,
Bouverie. Sir J. Macdonall, Sir R. Barton, Sir T. Dallas, and Sir
Wm. Eustance: Admirals Lord John Hay, Sir G. Cockburn, Sir
George Munday, Sir George Martin, Sir James H. Whitahed, Sir D.
Gold, Bess, Alexander, Curzons, Tompkinson, Hollis, and Price;
Vice-Admiral Sir F. Austen; Rear-Admirals Brown and Ribouleau,
&c. Messrs. S. and B. Solomon, Opticians, have invented Spec-
aft,
indd
bdriuts.tiiannett.,
Spec-
tacle Lenses upon a new construction. Immediately they are placed
before imperfect vision, that mist and dullness which appear before
the eyes is at once removed, everysiogbhjtecbtabzio
so that the most aged imperfect einsesbreligearlit
and is brought to its youtlittd, natural, and original state. Also.,
Achromatic Telescopes, Opera Glasses, Microscopes, Invisible and all
lands of Acoustic Instruments, for relief of most extreme deafness.
Caution—Messrs. S. and B. Solomons, Opticians, are not in any way
connected with a person of the same name in their immediate neigh-
bourhood. To prevent mistakes be cautious, and Observe—Duly
to
be had at If, Albemarle-Welts PiceAdillY, opposite the York Hotel.