The Sun.
London, England, 1841-01-05 00:00:00

LONDON, TUESDAY, JANUARY 5, 1841.

OBLEMEN AND GENTLEMEN,
MEMBERS of the POLYTECHNIC ASSOCIA-
TION, in Cavendish-square, and the Annual Subscribers to
the ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION, are re-
spectfully informed that both the Annual Subscriptions are re-
newed front the Ist instant, the New Members also enter from
that period. The PUBLIC E KHII3ITION has been much
extended, and (as well as the Lectures and varied Experiments)
is stored with works displaying the most eminent art, science,
and ingenuity. The Chemical Classes of the Laboratory are
independent of the Public Exhibition, and are opened.
Information to be had of the Secretary, 309, Regent-street.

SETTLEMENT of NEW PLYMOUTH
in NEW ZEALAND.
The DIRECTORS of the PLYMOUTH COMPANY of
NEW ZEALAND give notice that, in addition to the SEC-
TIONS of TOWN and RURAL LANDS which have been
set apart for actual Colonists (oN WHICH TILE CABIN PASSAGE
AND OTHER ALLOWANCES CONTINUE TO BE MADE), they are
now ready to receive Applications from the Public in general,
for the purchase of TOWN SECTIONS of a Quarter of an
Acre, in conjunction with RURAL SECTIONS of Fifty
Acres, at the price of 751., with such rights of choice for the
said Lands as are specified in the Particulars of Sale ; which,
with all other information may be had of John W ard, Esq ,
New Zealand House, London ; John Watson, Esq., Trafalgar-
square, London ; of any other of the Company's Agents, or of
the Secretary. By order of the Board,
THOMAS WOOLLCOMI3E, Secretary.
New Zealand House, Plymouth, Dec. 22, 1840.

In Bvo., with numerous Illustrations on wood, price 145.,
POOR. JACK, by CAPT. MARRYAT.
" In the simple and graphic style in which this humble
tale is wrought, Captain Alarryat has no competitor—it is the
truth and freedom of Smollett."—United Service Journal.

" Poor Jack' is just completed; and a most amusing
fellow he is, and a most amusing set of companions he brings
with him. The book, while it is interesting, is hearty, and
of a healthy stamp ; the characters are sketched off easily and
boldly. Capt. Marryat has been very fortunate in his illustra-
tor, Mr. Stanfield ; the numerous designs (and very numerous
they are) are executed with great truth."—Times.

GLENNI"S GARDENER'S GAZETTE.
No. 1, Jan. 9, will contain the first oi a series of papers
founded en Loudon and Lindley's handiworks of the previous
week, besides the usual vigorous Articles of the Editor on
Flo ists and Flowers, and Remarks of the Editor on the fetival
of the 96th, at which the Editor presides.
Advertisements, books !or review, and letters, must be ad-
dressed George Glenny, 343, Strand.
Sold by all Newsmen, price 4d. stamped.

NEW WORK ON STRICTURES OF THE URETHRA.

Just published, price ss.
APRACTICAL TREATISE on the
CAUSES, NATURE, and TREATMENT of
STRICTURES of the URETHRA, and their CONSE-
QUENCES.
By FRANCIS BURDETT COURTENAY, AI. R.C. S.L.
And late Surgeon to the Metropolitan Infirmary for the Cure of
Stricturesof the Urethra.
CONTENTS.

CHATTIER 1.
Causes of Strictures.
Divisions of Strictures.
Consequences of Strictures.

Symptoms resemble those of
Stricture.

CHAPTER Iv.
Of the Treatment of the Mala-
dies Consequent upon Stric-
ture.

APPENDIX.

Cases Illustrative of the Su-
periority of the Author's
Mode of Cure over the Treat-
ment by the Bougie, Cathe-
ter, Lunar Caustic, and Cut-
ting Instruments.

VAN BUTCHELL ON FISTULA, &e.
Fourth Editien.

Just published, in Bve. cloth boards, price 7s. 6d. enlarged,
FACTS and OBSERVATIONS relative to
a successful MODE of TREATING PILES, FIS-
TULA, HEMORRHOIDAL EXCRESCENCES, TU-
MOURS, and STRICTURES, without CUTTING or
CONFINEMENT; illustrated with numerous eases. Being
s familiar exposition of the practice of S. J. VAN BUT-
CHELL, Surgeon Accoueheur.
Published by 11. Renshaw, No. 356, Strand ; sold also by
the Author, at his residence, No. 16, Perey-street, Bedford-
square.
4‘ Few men connected with the complicated departments of
surgery are deserving of more grateful mention than Mr. Van
But ellen, whose unwearied dedication to the cure of those most
painful of all diseases, which this book treats of, has resulted in
a centinned course of success in cases of the most hopeless and
forbidding nature. * * We find nearly every page re-
cording some astonishing cure in patients whose sufferings
had been of many years' duration, nd most excruciating in
their nature. The warmth of expression with which the gra-
titude of some of the restored is couched must be truly gratify-
ing to the feelings, and highly creditable to the skill and judg-
ment, of Mr. Van 13utchell. —Weekly True Sun.

INFIRMARY for the CURE of STRIC-
TURES of the URETHRA, SYPHILIS, GONOR-
IUI(EA, GLEETS, mral' DISEASES of the GENERA-
TIVE aad URINARY ORGANS.
Notwithstaniiing the above Institutic is closed, Patients t.ity
continue to receive the GRATUITOUS ADVICE of the Sur-
geon (Mr. Courtenay, 42, Great Marlborough-street,) by ap-
plying at his own hc.ise instead of the Charity.
Hours of Attendance, from Eight to Ten in the Mornings,
and from Seven to Nine in the Evenings. On Sundays in the
Morning, but not in the Evening.

POOLOO'S CHINESE CEMENT.--The
extraordinary properties of this Composition make it one
of the most useful articles ever presented to the public. It is
perfectly impervious to hot or cold water, and will resist the
effects of the most intense heat. So tenacious and firm is it
in its hold, that a new fracture is almost certain to take place
rather than a severance in the original. Thus its utility sur-
passes all other cements for the fixing and mending of china,
glasr, and ivory, the setting of stones and beads in rings and
trinkets, &c.
Sold wholesale and retail, in bottles, at is. 6d., 2s. 6d.,
4s. 6d., and 7s. 6d., by the Proprietor's sole Agents, Blofeld,
and Co., Cutlers and Razor-makers, 6, Aliddle-row, Holborn ;
and, by their appointment, at the principal Chemists and
Perfumers.

THE NEW COUGH MEDICINE! ! !
'TOLLAND'S BALSAM OF SPRUCE,
the newly-discovered remedy for COUGHS, COLDS,
INFLUENZA, INCIPIENT ASTHMA, and CON-
SUMPTION.

Medical Science is daily producing new wonders, and among
the discoveries which take place none are more deserving of
public approbation than a remedy for those complaints which,
in this variable climate, are so productive of fatal consequences
to the comfort and lives of the public as Coughs and Colds.
This Extraordinary Remedy relieves the most distressing
symptoms in a few hours, and a little perseverance :in its use
will, in every case, effect a permanent cure.
Coughs and Colds, accompanied by a difficulty of breathing,
soreness and rawness of the chest, impeded expectoration, sore
throat, and feverish symptoms, will be quickly subdued, while
its use will assuredly prevent consumption from this prolific
cause.

Ilnliand's Balsam of Spruce gives immediate ease in all
Asthmatic cases, and particularly in Hoarseness, Wheezings,
and Obstructions of the Chest; while those who have: labjured
for years under the misery of a confirmed Asthma,
have been
enabled by its use to enjoy the blessings of life, and to pursue
their avocations with a degree of ease and comfort: they had
been strangers to for years.

Prepared by Charles Holland, and sold by his :agent, T.
Prout, 229, Strand, London ; and by at least one person in
every town in the kingdom. Price Is. lid. a Bottle.-
Sold also by Johnston, 68, Cornhill ; Hannay,. €3, and:
Sanger, 150, Oxford-street.

VULGAR ERROR.-0n 1001 -ing— into tire throat
--.--- --4"-----."
when inflamed, the uvula may be observed
the tongue,
enlarged, and
sometimes to such a degree as to rest upon
and occasion much pain in the act of swallowing_
state it is generally believed by the ignorant wthinagt
down, and that mechanical means must be used
tticiil irsal fin: eltlhei itns,
such as pushing it up with a spoon, or lifting !le patient
off his scat by the hair of the head. It is astoni
frequently the
prevalent is this ridiculous notion, and how 6 astonishing how
experiment is tried ; yet a little reflection and axatninat:
of the parts in a state of health may convince any onel" of
its utter absurdity. Confinement to the house for a day
or two, with the use of astringent gargles, and such reme-
dies as a sore throat usually requires, will soon: allay the
swelling, and raise the little offending member :to its pro- •
' per position.

THE AMERICAN ENGINES ON
THE BIRMINGHAM AND GLOUCESTER
RAILWAY.

EXTRACTS FROM THE REPORTS OF THE PHOCEEDINCS
THE INST. CIVIL ENG. SESSION, 1840.

" Account of a Series of Experiments on Lo-
comotive Engines, more particularly on the En-
gland,' the Columbia,' and the Atlantic,'
manufactured by Mr. Norris, of Philadelphia."
By Captain Moorsom, Ilr. E., Assoc. Inst. C. E.
---The engines of which the author more espe-
daily treats were constructed by Mr. Norris, of
Philadelphia, and sent by him to England, under
an agreement to supply " locomotive engines
of a higher power, greater durability, and
less weight," than could be obtained in this country.
They were to be subjected to fifteen trials within
thirty days, and prove their capability of drawing
" up a gradient of 1 in 330, a load of 100 tons
gross weight at the speed of twenty miles per hour ;
and up a gradient of 1 in 180, a load of 100 tons
gross weight at the speed of fourteen miles per
hour." The pressure of the steam in the boiler
was stipulated by the Grand Junction Company
(on whose railway the trials were made) not
to exceed 60 lbs. per square inch. The construction
of these engines is very simple, and the work
plain. The boiler is horizontal, and contains 78 cop-
per tubes, 2 inches diameter, and 8 feet long each,
with an iron fire-box. The cylinders, 10f inches
diameter, are slightly inclined downwards, and so
placed that the piston-rods work outside the wheels,
thus avoiding the necessity of cranked axles. The
frame is supported by six wheels ; the two driving
wheels, of four feet diameter, are placed close before
the fire-box ; the other four wheels;of thirty inches
diameter, are attached to a truck which carries the
front end of the boiler, and is connected with the
frame by a centre pin, on which it turns freely, al-
lowing the truck to accommodate itself to the exte-
rior rail of the curve, and with the assistance of the
cone of the wheels to pass round with very little
stress upon the rails.

The weight of the engine, with the boiler and Tons. Cwt.
fire-box full, was
That of the tender, with 21 cwts. of coke and
520 gallons of water, was

Total weight l5 15i
The engine, when empty, weighed 8 togs.
The trials were made on the Grand Junction Rail-
way in April and May, 1839, and were con-
tinued over the whole distance from Binning-
ham to Liverpool, except when stopping short
at Warrington, to take loads ; and occasionally
Making double trips. so as to travel the
total distance 156 miles per day. Attention
was more particularly paid to the speed when as-
cending the gradients, which rise at the rate of one
in 330 (16 feet in a mile), or one in 177 (29 feet
4 inches per mile), and as the engines approached
these gradients frequently either at an accelerated
or a diminished speed, the observations were made
at the points most remote from the cause of varia-
tion from uniform velocity. Some of the trials
were made with such a number of empty waggons
to make up the weight, that the train attained
a, length of nearly an eighth of a mile. This
required some allowance, which was esti-
mated at from one-eighth to one-ninth in ad-
dition to the actual weight of the empty
wagons. The extreme limit of working pres-
sure of the steam in the boiler was 62 lbs. per
square inch, except for a few minutes on one oc-
casion, when it rose to 641bs. The usual pressure
for the locomotive engine boilers on railways now
generally at work is from 501bs. to 751bs. per
.square inch. An analysis of the tabulated results
of the several trips give these general results :
That on a plane of 1 in 330, with a load varying
from 100 to 120 tons, the speed varied from 13 miles
8-lOths to 22- miles per hour ; that on a plane of
1 in 177, with a load of 100 tons, the speed varied
from 9 miles 8-10ths to 13 miles 8-10ths per hour.
From the analysis it appears that allowing in
five of the trials the stipulated amount of
performance to have been made, and that in
-five other trials a doubt may exist, still in the re-
roaming clef t. :al:3
demanded was not performed. A comparison of
the journeys up from Liverpool to Birmingham,
with those down from Birmingham to Liverpool,
gives rather a singular result. The aggregate rise
of the gradients from Liverpool to Birmingham is
about 620 feet, that from Birmingham to Liverpool
is about 330 feet (exclusive, in both cases, of the
Liverpool and Manchester Railway) ; the differ-
ence, therefore, up to Birmingham, is 240 feet.
In seven journeys of 596 miles up to Birming-
ham, the engine conveyed 682 tons gross, evapo-
rated 12,762 gallons of water, and consumed 177
sacks of coke (1,1- cwt. each). In seven journeys
of 596 miles down from Birmingham, the same
engine conveyed 629 tons gross, evaporated 12,379
gallons of water, and consumed 177 sacks of coke.
It would thus appear that the consumption of fuel
,was the same in both cases, and the only difference
was the evaporation of 326 gallons of water more
in the journey up than in the journey down,
conveying nearly the same load both wa.)s.
The author remarks, that in the early stage of his
observations on the engine, he would have inferred,
that from the mode of construction, it was not cal-
culated for high speeds, such as are required for
the mail trains ; yet that he has often seen it travel
with apparent ease at the speed of 30 miles per
hour ; and he thinks that, with some slight modifi-
cation of the working parts, -engines of this con-
'Struction may be made to do any duty now required
-from'' loemyrotive gfrom the small
quantity of repair required during the trials (only
renewing the firebars whieli—were,originally intended
for turning wood, and putting nine stronger ferrules
in the tubes), he is of opinion that the present
con; auction is exceedingly well calculated for
heavy loads—that it may be modified for attaining
high speeds—and will prove a durable and econo-
mical machine.

Captain Moorsom, in reply to some questions
from several members, stated, that although the
American locomotive engines had not strictly com-
plied with the stipulated conditions, yet he consi-
&led them good, serviceable engines, and it was the
intention of the Directors of the Birmingham and

Gloucester Railway Company co have ten of them
on their line. The price of the engine complete,
including the import duty of 20 per cent. is from
1,5001. to 1,6001. One of the greatest advan-
tages of the engines is the facility afforded by
the truck for going round curves—the same en-
indiscriminately the ordinary six-
gineors mftnnging
wheeled engines ; and the American ones are oh-

served to go faster round the curves with the
tatter than with the former. Round a curve of

ten chains radius, they had gone at a speed of
twenty miles per hour. They run also quite as
well on a straight road. He had travelled on
them between Whitmore and Crewe at the speed of
from thirty to forty miles per hour. They appeared
less likely to be thrown off the rails than other
engines, as, in some instances, they had run over
the short pointers of the Grand Junction Railway—
the engineer had merely felt a slight jar, but no acci-
dent had occurred. He attributed this to the truck
adapting itself so readily to the rails. The coke
used in the trials was the same as that in daily use

on the Grand Junction Railway, and was of average
quality. The mode of attaching the tender to the
engine was peculiar, and he conceived it to be ad-
vantageous, as it threw a portion of the weight
upon the engine, and was an assistance in starting.
The engines, as they arc now constructed, will dowell for all ordinary speed ; but if higher speeds
are required, a
greater expense must be incurred,
and certain alterations must be made in them.

[Our readers will remember that three of these
engines were recently tried on the Gloucester and
Birmingham Railway, and failed. If, however, the
Americans, amongst whom labour is well paid, can
compete with us in the manufacture of engines, and
send them here, paying the duty of 20 per cent., it
will become the Legislature to look about it. Vari-
ous branches of industry are already leaving the
country, and, even now, it may be too late to stop
them. At least, let every thing that is possible be
done, and let our manufacturers not have to cope
with a single difficulty beyond those which nature,
and the peculiar condition of the society, throw in
their way.—En. Sun.]

OXFORD DIVINITY:

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

SlR,—Being one of what you would call exclusively
" the working clergy," and having, like Chaucer's priest,
" a parish wide, and houses far asunder,"
.I have, !at
this season, little time to look at a newspaper, and your
invitation escaped me, " to state my version of the new
[old] faith." Nor should I now have trespassed on your
columns, had I not seen (Sun, Dec. 29) a statement of
the doctrines of the Oxford divines, by an opponent,
which (an unusual occurrence with disputants) I, who
take the opposite view, consider to he perfectly fair, and
cordially accept. Most remarkably does it confirm my
previous statement, that the so-called new faith is but
a revival of good old Church principles, to he found
in the pages of our standard divines. " Sparrow's
Rationale' has long been a text-book on ritual mat-
ters in the Church, and may be found on most
of the lists, recommended by our Bishops for candidates
for orders during the last century; and, therefore, the
gravamen of the charge against the Oxford Tractarians,
if stated fairly, amounts to this—that they adhere
strictly to the Prayer Boole, to which they have sworn
to conform.
Another striking testimony to the correctness of my
own and your Ilfracombe Correspondent's version, hap-
pens to be at hand. In the February Number of the
Eclectic Review, tho organ of the Dissenters, is an ar-
ticle on the state of religious parties in the Establish-
ment. The writer, lamenting the grievous decline of
practical preaching among the self-styled Evangelical
clergy, goes on to observe, that " the thinking, respect-
able, and religious part of? the community is beginning
to weigh their pretensions in the balance, and find them
wanting. Even some of their own members are
becoming startled at the fact, that their Oxford op-
ponents are proving them to be most inconsistent
child' en of the Church of England. Having sworn
and subscribed, in the most solemn manner, to all and
every word and thing in the book of Common Prayer, yet
these very persons, pluming themselves upon being more
serious than the rest of their brethren—after giving this
amino consent—do not hold, do not believe, and do
constantly preach against several of the doctrines, mat-
ters, and things to which, on being ordained, they thus
avowed their adherence. Baptismal regeneration, the
absolution in the visitation of the sick, &c., are in-
stances of what we allude to. By practices of this sort,
the evangelical ministry of the Church of England are
gradually losing much of the respect with which they
were not long since regarded. They positively rave
against the Puseyites ; whilst they, in their turn, mani-
fest a much better temper, display infinite stores of logic
and learning ; and, upon the arena of mere argu-
ment, are thrashing and exposing the poor Evange-
licals, who provoked them to the contest, every
day of their lives. The Oxonians, moreover,
have rendered no little benefit even to ourselves,
by helping to disabuse the public mind of one grand
misconception, namely, that the Episcopal Church and
the Establishment are one and the same thing. They
have done much to show, what ono would have
thought was sufficiently obvious, from the circumstances
of Episcopacy in Scotland and America, that the
Church, of which the Archbishop of Canterbury is
metropolitan, may not merely survive apart from its
connection with the State, but will probably become
all the better in a spiritual sense through that very sepa-
ration. Not a few of them (the Oxonians) really seem to
contemplate the expediency of the severance."
You will observe, that this Dissenting writer allows
the Tractarians to be the most consistent Churchmen,
but insinuates (and you may possibly choose to agree
with him) that the doctrines of the Church itself are
" Popish." So it has ever fared with the Reformed
Church of England, standing midway between
Popery and ultra Protestantism, or Dissent. " Ilia
religionis veteris correctio," says Alosheim, speak-
ing of the English Church, " qum Britannos
lEQUE a pontificis, atque a reliquis famiilis, qum ponti-
ficis dorninationi renunciarunt, sejungit." You may
call this Popery. With the Anglican Church, I desire
to protest against both Popery and Puritanism, and all
I would ask of you is this :—if we who agree with the
Oxford divines, are, as I have proved, the most consis.
tent Churchmen, do not nickname and revile us. At
least allow us the same " freedom of opinion," you so
often claim for the infidel writer. You cannot prosecute
us for Puseyism : do not persecute us for our conscien-
tious belief. The progress of conviction you cannot
stop—let us agree to differ.
I cannot conclude without protesting most strongly
and indignantly against your assertion, in a recent lead-
: ing article, that the clergy are as a body remiss in visit-
ing the poor. Sir, the contrary is most emphatically the
case! I speak from extensive observation—the
practice of pastoral visiting is their glory and their
t7ri tn. If '6 171,11 n diet riots he innftd where the flee of
a clergyman is seldom seen," it is because those districts
are so large, from increase of population, that the parish
priest is overworked, and unable to minister to such vast
multitudes. Ask, in London,' the character of Dr.
Short of Bloomsbury, or Mr. Tyler of St. Giles's. I
myself have had from 15,000 to 20,000 souls com-
mitted to my single charge. What could Ido ? Often,
after a day's employment in visiting in lanes and alleys,
have I returned to my solitary fire-side, and a fresh sum-
mons has called me forth from the untested meal to some
new case of misery. Of my brethren in country cures,
I can also speak from observation. Exceptions you
may find no doubt, but you may discover the beautiful
and true description of the poet realized in thousands of
instances :

" The Vicar's house is smother'd in its roses,

His garden glows with dahlias large and new,
Bees murmur through his limes the summer through,
And on his seat, beneath them, often dczes
A better man than calumny supposes,
His living is three hundred pounds a year,
But not 'of servants, wife, and children clear,'
He gives away his common right and closes,
And keeps no horse. When winter strips the tree,
To poor men's homes his wife and daughters go
With needful gifts of flannel, food, or fire,
And made-wines for the sick."

And now, Sir, I will trouble you no further. Al-
though you particularly oppose the Church and the
clergy in so strong, and, as I often think, unjust a
manner, yet I would fain believe that it proceeds, not
from personal hostility, but from a mistaken view of
duty ; and 1 would beg to part with no unfriendly feel-
ing, and remain, your Constant Reader,
Jan. 1, 1841. AN ANGLO-CATHOLIC.

CAMPAIGN OF THE ARMY OF

THE INDUS.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

Stn—ln a work lately published under the authority
of Dr. Kennedy's name, entitled " Narrative of the
Campaign of the Army of the Indus through Sinde and
Kaubool, in 1838-9," that gentleman has, in a very un-
justifiable manner, digressed from the subject upon
which he professes to enlighten the public, evidently
with the view of introducing my mime to notice, in a
manner as unfavourable, as I trust it will appear un-
founded.

The publication of this book was first brought to my
notice through the medium of your widely-circulated
columns, but the unenviable notoriety which Doctor
Kennedy had acquired at the Cape of Good Hope, with
the little benefit his anonymous writings had bestowed
on the peace of the South African Society, during his
sojourn at that place in 1836, but little inclined me to
peruse his narrative of the Indus campaign ; and had it
not been for the facetious observation of a friend, I
should until this hour have been ignorant of having
311 arca with others that covert malevolence under which
Doctor Kennedy has introduced me to public notice.
Not having the honour of Doctor Kennedy's ac.
quaintance, and never through life having had either
public or private intercourse with him, caused
me for a time to seek in vain for his motive, in having
so gratuitously attempted to impose upon the public.
" That I had been making myself conspicuous in the 1.
case of the Raja of Sattara ;" and to imply, that, as
a naval officer, I must consequently be ignorant of
everything that did not appertain to that profession.
" That I had never held a public position that would
have drawn a native chief to apply for my counte-
nance ;" and, in tact, " That I had come forward as
the mistaken advocate of parties, of whose position I
was ignorant." A perusal, however, of the pre•
face to the Doctor's book removed the veil, and
presented to me the peculiar calling of one
of the two near relations, " whose position,"
Doctor Kennedy tells us, " made it more than a mere
matter of curiosity that they should be kept accurately
informed," &e. &c. It was then, Sir, I discovered that
the time and attention of the historian had deserted their
post to descant on the duties, and probably sympathise
in the feelings, of his brother-in-law—the companion and
coadjutor of the Doctor's younger days, while practising
at an Oriental Court—the now Political Secretary to
the government of Bombay—the late leading member
of that secret commission who had condemned the Raja ;
and, if the secret papers now printed speak truth, " the
active and zealous pioneer in clearing through and ar-
ranging that heterogeneous mass of said-to-he evidence,
upon which the authorities at home and abroad have
evidently founded their opinion of the Raja's guilt ;
and lastly, though not least, the official companion of
Sir James Canute, to the Court of the Raja, on- the oc-
casion of the dethronement of that unfortunate Prince.

I have always been led, Sir, to believe that the most
essential attributes of military life, which Dr. Ken-
nedy tells us has been his lot for twenty-nine years,
arc an open, manly frankness, an abhorrence of the
distortion or mystification of truth, with a sensitive re-
gard for the feelings of others ; and it is with pain,