The Sun.
London, England, 1846-10-31 00:00:00

Week Last g
week. ending NAME OF RAILWAY. ph al
r,
C..)
Oct. 24 Arbroath and Forfar ••••••.• • • • • • • • 187 143
23 Chester and Birkenhead .•••••• • • • • • • 7GO
12 Dublin and Drogheda ••• • • • ••••• • • • • 709 716
27 Dublin and Kingstown •.••••• • • • • • • • 825 872
- Dundee and Arbroath .••••••• • • • • • • • - 249
24 Durham and Sunderlard ..... • . •• • • 652 733
24 Edinburgh and Glasgow •• • • 3,769 3,157
25 Eastern Counties and North Eastern.. 9,551 6, 48
24 East Lancasihre .• .... -
18 Eastern Union ............421
24 Glasgow, Kilmarnock, and Ayr .. •. • . 2,414 2,105
24 Glasgow and Greenoc k.. ....... .... 1,006 964
- Gravesend and R0che5ter............ - 226
24 Great Southern and Western ........ 051 -
25 Great Western, &c • .. 18,560 18,983
-- Hartlepool .. 1,150
24 London and North Western, &c
25 London and Blackwall
24 London and Brighton
- Londoa and Croydon ..
25 London and South Wesi2rn . •
- Manchester, Bolton, and Bury - 1,0 0
24 Manchester, Leeds, and Hull Assoc 9,152 7,221
- Maryport and Carlisle • ...... -
24 Midland, Bristol, and Birmingham 18,231 17,519
24 Newcastle and Carlisle.. .•
- Newcastle and North Shields -
24 Newcastle and Berwick 491 433
25 Norfolk .• •• .. •• •
- North British • • . . -
- Paris, Corbeil, and Orleans • • ........ - 6,540
26 Paris and Rouen. •. • • ...... •• • • .... 6,940 6,446
24 Preston and Wyre • •• • • ............ 661 574
26 Sheffield and Manchester • . .
24 South Eastern and Branches
23 South Devon.. •• • .••• • • • -
24 Taff Vale •••• - • •
25 Ulster • • • •
29 York and Newcastle .
24 York and North Midland

THE FOREIGN MAILS.
ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE MONTH.

The following notice relative to the departure of the
India and other foreign mails for the ensuing month
was yesterday issued at the chief office, St. Martin's-le-
Grand:—

THE INDIA MAIM— 15161 S for Gibraltar, Malta,
Greece, the lonian Islands, Egypt, India, Ceylon, China,
&c., via Southampton, will be dispatched from hence on
the 3d and 20th of November.

INDIA, &c. (Overland).—Mails for the Mediterranean,
Egypt, India, Ceylon, China, &c., via Marseilles, will
be dispatched from hence on the 7th and 24th of No-
vember.

The Achilles, with the India, &c., mails of the 3d of
Novemb, r, will sail from Southampton.
PENINSULAR MAILS.—Mails for Vigo, Oporto, Lis-
bon, Cadiz, will be dispatched on the 7th, 17 th, and 27th
of November.

The Peninsula steam-packets will not call at Corunna,
either in their hotnewa,d or outward voyage during the
winter months of November, December, January, and
February.
MADEIRA, BRAZILS, AND BUENOS AYRES.—MaiIs will
be dispatched on the sth of November.
Her Majesty's brig Peterel, with the Madeira mails
of the sth of November, will sail from FL:lmouth.
The Royal Tar, with the Peninsular mails of the 7th
of November, will sail from Southampton.
THE WEST INDIAN MAILS.—The mails for the British
and foreign colonies in the West Indies, with Venezuela
and Maltese, will be dispatched on the 2d and 17th of
November.
The mails of the 2d of November will include those
for Mexico, llonduras, and Havannah, but the mails of
the 17th will not.
The mails of the 17th of November will include those
for Bermuda, San Juan de Nicaragua, Chili, and Peru,
New Grenada, and Chagres; but those of the 2d of No-
vember will nut. _ _ _

The Medway, with the West India mails, sails from
Southampton.
SYDNEY, NEW SOUTH WALES, &C.—The mails will
be dispatched on the 30th of November.
AMERICA, &c.—Mails for British North America,
Bermuda, and the United States, will be dispatched on
the 3d and 18th of November.

CALAIS AND OSTEND.—MaiIs will be dispatched daily
(Sundays excepted).
HOLLAND.—MaiIs will be dispatched every Wednesday
and Saturday.
LIABIBURGH.—MaiIs dispatched every Tuesday and
Friday.

FATAL FIGHT.-1 hursday afternoon Mr. William
Baker held an inquest at the Bricklayer's Arms, Char-
lotte-street, Curtain-road, on the body of Francis Lee,
aged 29 years, a baker, residing at No. 7, Mills-court,
Curtain-road, who died on Monday last from injuries he
had received in an affray with a man named George
Tomkins, in East-road, City. road. It appeared from the
evidence that on Tuesday, the 20th inst., the deceased
had been drinking with several companions, at various
public-houses. Towards the evening he became very
much intoxicated, and entered the Three Crowns, in
East-road, City-road. He went into the taproom and of-
fered to fight any one present, and divested himself of
his coat. Tomkins, the potman belonging to the house,
was lying on the form, and while in that position the
deceased struck him several violent blows. Tomkins
rose from his seat, and they both fought for several mi-
nutes, when they fell with great violence, between two
forms, deceased being under Tomkins. The face of the
deceased was bleeding most profusely, and Tomkins
procured a pillow and some water, and washed his face.
The deceased fell asleep, and remained there some time.
Tomkins, with the assistance of another man, con-
veyed the deceased home to his lodgings. Mr. Alfred
Brown, a surgeos, stated that the face of the deceased
was much disfigured, and he complained of pains in his
head, back, and stomach. He continued to get worse,
and expired on Monday afternoon last. He (Mr. Brown)
attributed death to the bursting of a bladder in the
abdomen, caused, no doubt, by falling against the
table. The jury returned a verdict of " Justifiable ho-
micide."

THE LATE MR. W. H. WILLIAMS, COMEDIAN.—
This well-known actor expired at four o'clock on
Thursday morning, at his residence in Amwell-terrace,
Pentonville. Mr. Williams was born at Weston, Somer-
setshire, in 1792. He tried his 'prentice-hand at Ber-
wick-street, the Minor, Catherine-street, and other
private tneatres, and was then engaged by Mr. Beverly,
at the Tottenham-street The,tre, Tottenham-court-road,
as a comic singer. With that manager he went to
Richmond, Woolwich, Croydon, &c.; from there he pro-
ceeded to Nottingham, and became a favourite in Man-
ley's circuit ; this led him on to York, from whence he
progressed to London in Elliston's famous after season
(1820). lie made his first appearance at Drury-lane, as
Risk, in Love Laughs at Loc.-smiths, and was engaged
for five years. He generally acted as a substitute for
Munden, Dowton, Harley, Knight, and Oxberry, the
elder. He had a quarrel with Elliston, left Drury, and
took to the minors, appearing at Astley's, the Surrey,
Coburg, Sadler's Wells, &c. In conjunction with Mr.
Fitzwilliam, he took a theatre at King's-cross, origi-
nally opened by Lanza. This place he called the Pan-
harmonion ; he then, still aided by his fair coadjutor,
took Sadler's Wells, but the speculation was not produc-
tive. Under tte auspices of James Wallack he visited
America, arid was for s time a great favourite in
New York, Previous to keying England, he had. given
entertainments a la Matthews, relieved by conjuring,
performances on the musical glasses, &c. &c. These
things be also attempted in different parts of the United
States, but not with any great success. Latterly he
appeared at Niblo's Gardens. As a comic singer he was
appreciated both here and at the other side of the
Atlantic. In the Southern States his health visibly
declined, and he returned to England completely shat-
tered. He re-appeared at Sadler's Wells, and for some
tune drew crowded houses ; but it was soon evident that
his constitution had sustained a shock from which it
could not rally. lie has left a widow and four children,
the eldest twenty-two, the youngest nine eats of age.
Mr. Williams was married twice, but had no issue by his
first wife.

- _
;ELAND.
r ORD JOHN RUSSELL TO 'n-IE
LETTEtt FROG- v,INSTEB.
' ituportaVi
.letter

DUKE Ole
DUBLIN, OCT. 29.—The follow-in&
appears in the Evening Post just published 7=—
" Downing-street, Oct, 184 b, •
"My dear Duke,—The Royal Agricultural §ociet:tio
of which you are the head, sent a deputation not long
ago to the Lord-Lieutenant, representing that instead of
public works of an unprofitable nature, the baronies
should have power to undertak works of a useful and
profitable nature. It had been our hope and expecta-
tion that landed proprietors would have commenced
works of drainage and other improvements on their own
account; thus employing the people on their own es-
tates, and rendering the land more productive for the fu-
ture. In that case it would have been only the surplus
labour which would have been employed on roads and
other works not immediately profitable.
" The Act, however, was put in operation in the ba-
ronies in a spirit the reverse of that which I have de-
scribed. It was taken fur granted that the public works
were the chief objects to be regarded, and proprietors
began to calculate, that as so large a sum was to be re-
paid from their estates, they should not be able to com-
mence, or even to continue, private enterprises for the
improvement of their own lands.
When the case was brought belore the Government
by the Lord-Lieutenant, we lamented the wrong direc-
tion in which the Act had been turned ; but, admitting
the necessity of the case, and anxious to obtain the
willing co-operation of the landlords, we authorised the
Lord-Lieutenant to deviate from the letter of the law,
and gave our sanction for advances for useful and profit-
able works of a private nature. But, atter having in-
curred this responsibility, I am sorry to see that, in
several parts of Ireland, calls are made upon the Go-
vernment to undertake and perform tasks which are
beyond the power and apart from the duties of Govern-
ment.
"For instance, it seems to be expected that we should
not only pay at an unusual rate of wages, but that we
should maintain, in this time of scarcity, the usual price of
food. A moment's thought will show that this is impos-
sible. A smaller quantity of food is to be divided among
the same number of human beings. It must be scarcer
—it must be dearer. Any attempt to feed one class of
the people of the United Kingdom by the Government
would, if successful, starve another part—would feed the
producers of potatoes, which had failed, by starving the
producers of wheat, barley, and oats, which bad not
tailed. All that we have undertaken with regard to
food, therefore, is to endeavour to create a provision
trade, at fair mercantile prices, vi here no provision trade
has hitherto existed, and where, without assistance, none
might be willing to undertake a new and unpopular oc-
cupation.
"But that which is not possible by a government is
possible by individual and social exertions. Every one
who travels through Ireland observes the large stacks of
corn, which are the produce of the late harvest. There
is nothing to prevent the purchase of grain by proprie-
tors or by committees, and the disposal of these supplies
in shops turni-hed on purpose with flour at a fair price,
with a moderate profit. This has been done, lam as-
sured, in parts of the Highlands of Scotland, where the
failure of the potatoes has been as great and as severe a
calamity as it has been in Ireland.
" _Mere is, no doubt, some inconveniences attending
even these modes of interference with the market price
of food. But the good overbalances the evil. Local
committees, or agents of landowners, can ascertain the
pressure of distress, measure the wants of a district,
and prevent waste or misapplication. Besides, the
general effect is to bring men together and induce them
to exert their energy in a social effort directed to one
spot ; whereas the interference of the State deadens
private energy, prevents forethought—and, after super-
at ding all other exertion, finds itself at last unequal to
the gigantic task it has undertaken.
" There are other questions, however, extending
beyond the exigency of the day, which, it seems to me,
demand the attention of the landed proprietors of Ireland
much more than that of the Government.

" It has been calculated that one-fifth of the cultivated
land in Ireland has hitherto produced potatoes. After
the present lamentable failure, what course is to be
taken? Some men of science deem that the potato can
no longer be relied upon as an article of food; others say
that time may remove the disease. The editor of the
Gardener's Chronicle states, that the explanation of the
potato disease, founded on the hypothesis of some un-
known miasma, cannot be accepted as satisfactory; but
neither can it be rejected, seeing how signally all other
explanations have failed. Seeing, then, that science fur-
nishes us with no means of estimating the eff,cts of the
prevalent disease upon the potato plant in future years,
it would be impossible for the Government, with any
propriety, to give any advice to the owners or occupiers
of laud in Ireland. They must form their own conclu-
sions from the facts that are known, and the experience
of the present and past years.
" It is clear, however, that potatoes cannot be relied
upon as they have been hitherto. A cottier cannot
hope to be able to pay a large rent for con-acre, and
the farmer cannot hope to obtain the cottier's labour
by allowing him land for potatoes, which may,
probably, fail. It is, therefore, a most important ques-
tion for the people of Ireland in what manner the de-
ficiency of food is in future to be supplied. The nature
of the grain or root which is best adapted for this pur-
pose—the course of husbandry which ought to be fol-
lowed—the means of procuring seed—all these are im-
portant oroblems, to which the attention of the Agri-
cultural Society of Ireland cannot too soon be directed.
" One thing is certain—in order to enable Ireland to
maintain her population her agriculture must be
greatly improved. Cattle, corn, poultry, pigs, eggs,
butter, and salt provisions,' have been, and will, probably,
continue to be her chief articles of export. But beyond
the food exchanged for clothing and colonial products,
she will require in future a large supply of food of her
own growth or proluce, which the labourer should be
able to buy with his wages. In effecting this great
change, much good may ultimately be done. But, un-
less all classes co-operate, and meet the infliction of
Providence with fortitude and energy, the loss of the
potato will only aggravate the woes and sufferings of
Ireland.

" Such, then, is the great lesson which, by the influ-
ence of the higher classes, and of such good landlords as
yourself; may be taught to the Irish people. They
should be taught to take advantage of the favourable
condition of their soil and surrounding sea ; to work
patiently for themselves in their own country as they
work in London and Liverpool for their employers ;
to study economy, cleanliness, and the value of time ;
to aim at improving the condition of themselves and
their children.

" I would here conclude this letter, which is already
too long, but I cannot do so without expressing my con-
viction that there is every disposition in persons of pro-
perty in Ireland to meet their difficulties fairly, and sub-
mit to any sacrifices which the public good may require.
"I remain, my dear Duke, yours very faithfully,
(Signed) "J. RUSSELL."
" His Grace the Duke of Leinster, &c."
SCARCITY IN CORK,

The gentlemen appointed at the Fermoy meeting on
Friday last to wait upon the Lord-Lieutenant, with re-
solutions adopted on that occasion, met to-day at the
Imperial Hotel. Mr. O'Connell presided. Your re-
porter attended, but was informed the meeting was
private, and that it was not the intention of the deputa-
tion to proceed to the Viceregal Lodge until to-morrow.

THE ANTI-RUSSELL MANIA.
The Rev. Thomas Hardiman, parish priest of Kil-
meena, in the archdiocese of Tuam, thus concludes an
epistle laudatory of his own exertions in mitigating the
poverty of the people:—
'vAa
tti
oanl events,as in a
f
starvation, abree doomed
o
be innocent of their blood. I shall not venture to deci-
mate appearancein y poor people
they mym ehda hands sdsi he ao.l
mate them, unless there be at least 300 allowed for Half-
parish, and 600 for Kilmeena. And, as the long-
threatened new works are in play, 5,000 men a day are
as little as can be safely named for work in this dis-
trict. In fact, I could not except five men out of the
general roll of distress in the whole length and breadth
of this parish. Only that I know it is useless to
appeal to the powers that be,' I would warn them not
to tamely look on any longer whilst thousands are
starving, unheeded, and I believe I may add, un-
pitied too. But experience prdves that our rulers care
nothing about us. They have ears and hear not ;1
but perhaps our destitution is only imaginary, and our
hunger merely hypochondriac—all caused by our native
indolence in not having properly masticated and duly
digested the only tonic fit for an Irish stomach; namely,
our illustrious countryman' on political economy !I
So says Sir Randolph. Oh ! give me that great Tory
chief, with all his political sins upon his head, to grasp
the helm at this dreadful crisis with his master. hand,
and I will then hope that we shall weather the storm.
But,lconfess that my heartsinks to think that the noblest
people on God's earth are at this morpent at the mercy
of a set of political jugglers, who seem to have no mercy
whatever for them. And rest assured, Sir, that mine is
no solitary voice ; I only give feeble expression to the
general dissatisfaction, if not absolute disgust, that is
felt at the cruel procrastinating policy pursued by the
Whig Government on both sides of the Channel. And
I should not be at all surprised if, before long, a univer-
sal cry be raised from end to end of Ireland, calling on
Sir R. Peel to take the reins of power into his hands
again, and thus save the nation from destruction.
" THOMAS HARI)IMAN, Administrator."
STATE OF THE PROVINCES.
A " stop-press " of the King's County Chronicle of
yesterday thus announces a rather formidable outbreak