The Sun.
London, England, 1846-04-15 00:00:00

Alfirai 1( nit

LONDON, WEDNESDAY, APRIL 15, 1846.

The dark veil which has Ding concealed the deeds of
f le Spanish Camarilla, has, at last, been partially re-
inove,d, and the public been allowed to get a glimpse of
the plots which CHRISTINA and NARVAEZ, and their
:nameless associates, have carried on in the secret re-
...-esses of the palace. For a time these two chief con
31n-ators, and they deserve no better epithet, seemed to
work cordially together. They came about the same
reriod from Paris, full of instructions from the Court
a the .4nuileries, and ready prepared with gold and
3thet. meat ,s to boot, to overturn ESPARTERO, to seduce
fr,.,121 its allegiance to the Regent, to upset the
he army
!o„stitution, Lod establish a military despotism. In all
;,h;, they wmpletei:v ce
suceded, the Cortes were broken
or rather appointed by the
new Chambers eNted,
Dictator, and so thorou;bi f were they purged of inde-
vendent and Liberal Members, that every measure pro-
posed by the Government was adopted with little or no
3pposi tion, and by overwhelming majorities. Even this
'tats of absolutism, however, did not gratify the wishes of
;the chief actors : the Ministers were not always
>mpliant to orders—the Cortes even dared
to raise their voice against the TRAPANI
ina,-r:age, and the nation, concurring in their views,
I „Idly exclaimed against the project for allying the
y, )ung,QtJE to a worn-out branch of the Bourbons,
an d degrading the country by a mercenary compact
for v ed solely for the selfish purposes of the gums-
bicm, *Amt. Then, it appears, the struggle commenced
betty ten CHRISTINA and NARVAEZ. Ministry after
Mini„t ry was dissolved and reformed—a second coup
d'itat , was tried, and patiently submitted to by the
people, L'lut.:all would not do. The war was going on in
tbe:Cawa. "illa as hot as ever—neither of the intriguers
would be ur an equal near the throne: liaavazz confident
of his pa Off (t). over the army dared the Quitafit-Monica

to do her worst, and this spirited woman (for her
courage and firmness none can deny) made up her mind
and resolved to sacrifice NARVAEZ at every risk. The
General was beaten by the QUEEN, and after being
escorted out of Spain by a detachment of his own
dragoons, he reached Bayonne on the 10th, and is now
on his road to Paris or Naples. This is the most de-
cided revolution that has taken place for four years
in that devoted country; nay, even the expul,ion
of ESPARTERO was not so important, for the army
at once transferred its allegiance from him to NARVAEZ,
and a strong body of troops under a skilful general sere
always ready to repress counter revolutions. But at
present the army is without a leader. Neither CONCHA,
nor CoRDOTA, nor any of the newly-appointed generals,
has any particular influence over it. BRETON, a daring
and cruel, but active officer and firm adherent of NAR-
vAEz, has been displaced, SO has MAZARREDO, and
likisizo, and all those who aided the Dictator in main
taining his power. The troops, in fact. have lost the
chiefs in whom they seemed to trust, and are open to
the intrigues of NARVAEZ and his cast-off followers—the
most unprincipled adventurers'in Spain. It is impossible
to form even a guess of the probable result of such unex-
pected and dangerous complications. About CHRISTINA'S
plans we absolutely know nothing, but what can be
gathered from the statement of parties supposed to be in
her confidence. These, on the whole, are satisfactory.
It is said that the Cortes are to be summoned
to meet on the 24th inst., that the arbitrary decree
against the liberty of the press is to be recalled,
that a Bill for trial by jury is forthwith to be proposed,
to the Chambers, and that a general amnesty is to be
proclaimed for all political offenders, excepting only the
Carlists. Such results are not unlikely, looking at all
the circumstances of the last explosion. NARVAEZ had
presumed too far on CHRISTINA'S peculiar position and
prepossessions; he thought to frighten her into submis-
sion by holding up before her eyes the sabre by which
hitherto he had ruled Spain—he, in fact, believed he
was master, and would submit no longer to female do-
minion ; but
"Sweet is revenge—especially to women ;"

and revenge' this intriguing and unscrupulous woman
was resolved to have. She discarded the General, ap-
pointed IsTuurrz Prime Minister, insisted on the im-
mediate expulsion of her rival from the Spanish terri-
tory, and determined to brave every hazard, even the esta-
blishment of a constitutional and popular Government,
to debar for ever his return. This, indeed, is the only
feasible view that can be taken of the late
mysterious events. She will be a friend of
liberty so long as the profession of liberal senti-
ments suits her views. She will bide her time
for another plot. The great, the only enemy at present,
is NARVAEZ, and he can be put down only by a uni-
versal reaction against him throughout the country.
The army is a doubtful and dangerous weapon. She
cannot even trust to it. Her only resource is in the
Cortes and the nation, and these she will pay worship
to until the great-oßjeet-of her revenge is accomplished.
Let us hope that in thstance good will spring out of
evil, and that Louis PHILIPPE, who took this woman
four years ago under his paternal care, for some purpose
or another, will have the honour, though unwittingly, of
establishing constitutional government in Spain.

With something beyond ordinary pleasure we direct
attention to a letter we published yesterday, addressed to
ourselves, by Mr. Sheriff LAURIE; and we experience
this peculiar degree of satisfUction in so doing, because
we are inclined to regard that communication as an
augury of an inestimable boon to a helpless class, and
inferentially to the entire population of Great Britain.
The hearts of philanthropists have been long moved at
the consideration that a number of wretched creatures,
who are annually released from gaol by the expiration
of the time allotted for their imprisonment, are thrown
upon the world again without home, patron, or any oc-
cupation by which they might eke out even the most
scanty subsistence, and by this means are driven to com-
mit still further depredations upon society, to harden
themselves to the trade of larceny, and become in the
end habitually criminal. This painful reflection has pre-
sented itself to every one interested in the slightest degree
in the moral relationship subsisting between all grades of
the English people; it has stood forth, beneath their scru
tiny a villanous blotch upon our social system, infectious
in its growth, and detrimental to those hopes of ulterior
happiness towards which the hearts and imaginations of
all are, more or less, directed. By the heartless manner
in which these unfortunate beings are again thrust
amidst their old temptations, without one single preser-
vative against the exercise of their former passions, the
moral energy of the destitute classes, feeble enough in
the hour of its greatest vigour, is reduced to a state of the
most deplorable tenuity. They find themselves plunged
once more amidst the contamination of their vile haunts
—they breathe again that infectious atmosphere which
always envelopes the gregarious criminality of a great
city—they are possibly goaded on by an ignorant ani-
mosity towards the law, under whose scourge they have
but very recently winced ; everything, in short, tends to
confirm their evil habits, to develope yet further their
capacity for vice, and to imbue them with such
a lawless rage for crime as will irrevocably place
them beyond the reach or the influence of redemption.
Such is the extent of the evil whose eradication has
long been a dim aspiration in the mind of the philan-
thropist. But unfortunately it has hitherto been only
a dim aspiration ; nothing more. So many real and
imaginary difficulties have appeared in the way of a
thorough and effective reformation, that each man has
shrunk back at the multiplicity of the obstacles to be
overcome, and contented himself with the formation of
a wish. One individual, however, has had the intre-
pidity as well as the benevolence to press the grievance
"home," to probe the matter to the bottom, to hint at
its melioration, and to insist upon the necessity of some
speedy movement in the proper direction. That man
is Mr. Sheriff LAURIE, and the mere mention of his
name in connexion with the foregoing facts, forms the
noblest panegyric that could be pronounced in his favour.
He has striven for some time past in what many
conceived, and what some still conceive, to be a hopeless
cause ; he has done so courageously and perseveringly,
in spite of every obstacle that lay upon the path—and
many of them, be it remarked, were no insignificant
obstacles indeed. After these arduous and almost soli-
tary exertions, however, it mast be a deep gratification
to the worthy Sheriff himself to peruse the contents of
his printed letter. It must be an assurance that his la-
bours already look propitious, and that he will reap a
plentiful harvest of good if he furthers them yet
awhile with similar assiduity. The chief object he has
already attained is not unimportant ; it is the formation
of a committee : and as a testimony that this com-
mittee is of an influential character we may, without
enumerating the several names, mention that it is com-
posed of five noblemen, five prelates, the Lord Mayor of
London, and two Members of Parliament. Besides this
it appears that the example given by the petition
forwarded by the committee to the Legislature, impress-
in; upon Parliament the necessity for some immediate
remedy, has been productive of considerable assistance
to the cause, by the subsequent presentation of similar
petitions from "almost every corporation in England
and Wales." The Duke of CAMBRIDGE has
been also enlisted in aid of the unfortunate crimi-
nals in question, his Royal Highness having promised
to support the measure in the Upper House.
Some startling facts may be gleaned, moreover, from
the letter of Mr. Sheriff LA.UXXE, facts which serve to
illustrate the necessity, feasibility, and excellence of
some alteration like the one proposed, namely the es-
tablishment of " Houses of Occupation," where the re-
leased crowds might obtain shelter, moral instruction, food,
clothing, and the knowledge of some useful occupation.
The necessity is shown in the circumstance that the people
of this description who are disgorged from our prisons,
average annually thirty thousand in number. The
feasibility is demonstrated by the fact that establish-
ments of a like nature have been already introduced in
France, Holland, and Manchester. The excellent con-
sequences which would result from such an arrangement
is proved by statistical reports, such, for ex-
ample as the one issued from an in, titution
of this sort, established in 1840, by Count
LEON D'Ounans, which gives the gratifying assurance
that " out of every hundred (of the parties admitted) five
only have been afterwards ,e-convicted." We congratu-
late :-r. Sheriff LAURIE on the success with which his
benevolent intentions have already been received, and
heartily wish him a God speed on his mission of phi-
lanthropy.

The accounts from Madrid are to the 7th inst. The
downfal of ;gARI,AEZ is as complete as it was sudden,
and he himself is at this moment an exile. It appears
that the first act of ISTURITZ, after his appointment as
President of the Council on the sth, was to send for
NARvAEz and announce to him the determination of the
Government that he should quit Spain, at the same time
offering the embassy to Naples, informing him that in the
event of his declining it the Government considered it
advisable that be should proceed forthwith to France.
The embassy was declined, and ill health pleaded as an
excuse for remaining at Madrid for the present (he had
been bled only the day before) ; this excuse, however, did
not avail, and on the nigh t of the 6th he was en route for
France under the escort of a body of cavalry. On the 9th
be arrived at Burgos, where he was so seriously indisposed
that he was obliged to rest awhile from sheer physical

inability to continue his journey ; his rest, however,
was not of long duration, for on the evening of the 10th
he arrived at Bayonne, where he was joined by his
Duchwss. It was currently reported in Madrid on the
6th that a pronunciamiento had taken place in Gallicia
against the Government. The accounts were supposed
to be greatly exaggerated. The next day, however,
news arrived in Madrid that the Gallician insurrection
had subsided as soon as the fall of NARVAEZ became
known in that province.
The Paris Presse gives the following account of the
dismissals and appointments which have taken place
since the advent of 11TURITZ to office, and concludes
with what may be considered the official programme of
the new Cabinet :

" Four Captains-General had been dismissed—viz.,
General Mazarredo, Captain-General of Madrid ; Ge
neral Breton, Captain-General of Barcelona ; General
Manso, of Valencia ; and General Shelly, of Seville.
These Captains-General—all creatures and personal
friends of General Narvaez—were replaced, General
Mazarredo by General Pezuela, General Breton by Ge
neral Manuel Concha, General Manso by General Jose
Concha, brother of the latter. The successor of General
Shelly was not known. General Folgosi, Governor of
Madrid, and formerly a Carlist Chief, had been super-
seded by General Cordova, and Colonels Ortega and
Calonge had been likewise dismissed. Ortega had
been replaced in the command of the Regiment
Reina Gabernadora by Colonel Turon, who had lost it
atter the downfal of the Marquis de Miraflores.
M. Loygorri. a private friend of General Narvaez, the
Under-Secretaries of the Foreign and War departments,
Messrs. Sartorius and the Marquis de Vistahermosa ;
M. Sabater, Political Chief of Madrid; and M. Xavier
Quinto, Director-General of the Post-office, had been
also deprived of their situations. M. Quinto, after being
one of the most violent revolutionists, had become an
ultra-intolerant absolutist. He had taken an active part
in the pronunciamiento of 1840 and in the revolution of
1841, and made himself conspicuous by his fury in de-
manding the death of Diego Leon. He is said to have
been replaced by M. Alvarez Guerra, former director of
the Post-office, an intimate friend of M. Isturitz, and a
most moderate and respectable Conservative. The
Cortes had been convoked for the 24th. The decree
against the press. was repealed, and a new project, re-
establishing trial by jury, was to be presented. The
Ministry Ras about to publish an amnesty, including
men of all parties and ranks, no matter what might
have been the circumstances attached to their previous
career. The family of Don Carlos was alone to be ex-
cepted. The Infant Don Enrique had been recalled to
Madrid. Our correspondent assures us that it was eon-
templated to restore to Espartero all his titles and deco-
ration-. A similar project had already been attributed
to the Miraflores Administration."

The regiments of Bourbon and Beilen, under the
command of Don JOSE CoNcste, left Madrid for Gallicia
on the 6th.

The royal decree forbidding all time bargains on tFe
Boise, after the 15th of April, appears in the Madrid
Gazette of the 6th.

MADRID BoLsA, APRIL 6.—Three per Cent. for
money, 30 ; at thirty days, 30 ; Five per Cent., for
money, 204 ; Railroad from Madrid to Aranjuez, 2,080 ;
Bank of St. Ferdinand, 280 ; Bank of Isabella, 170 ;
Company of Probity, 185 ; Company of Iris, 125 ;
General Assurance, 83 ; Alliance, 70 ; Anchor, 170 ;
Gas Company, 160. Exchanges : London, 37i ; Paris,
16 5.

We have received the Paris papers of Sunday. The
affairs of Spain are commented on in most of them.
The article on Spain which appears in La Presse, the
organ of Queen CHRISTINA, we have given elsewhere.
Preparations were making at the Palace of the Elys4e
Bourbon for the reception of InuAnist and his suite,
who were expected to arrive in Paris on the 24th inst.
IBRAHIM will be accompanied by BOLIMAN PACHA, Chief
of his staff, and his son, SAUDER BEY ; Colonel IBRA•
11131 BEY ; Lieutenant-Colonel BOUFORT ; NUBAZ, In-
terpreter ; and KARABET, Secretary.
The debate on the naval budget in the Chamber of
Deputies, which was to commence on Monday, would,
it was expected, have been somewhat stormy. Admiral
HERNOUX, who drew up the report of the Com-
mittee, is the intimate friend of the Prince DE JoinvinLE,
and in the report has reproduced the views which the
Prince put forth in his celebrated pamphlet, some two
years since, as to the superiority of steam over sailing
vessels. The report accordingly recommends a large
increase in the grant for steam-vessels, and a corresponding
diminution in that for sailing vessels. On the other side
M. CHARLES DUPIN and Admiral DE MACHAU, the
Minister of Marine, have declared that steamers
are quite unfit for regular warfare, and that there
ought to be a large increase in the number of fri-
gates and ships of the line. M. CHARLES DUPIN
has published a pamphlet on the subject, from which we
extract the following table, showing the number of ships
of the line and seamen in the service of France at diffe-
rent periods :

Ships. Seamen.
1680, under Louis XIV.
1780, under Louis XVL
1814, under Napoleon
1824, under Louis XVIII
1836, under Louis Philippe... 53
1846, as proposed by the Com-

mittee

Whatever causes of difference may have been hereto-
fore subsisting between Lord PALMERSTON and certain
high personages in France, they appear to have been
completely removed. His Lordship has been re-
ceived every where during his recent visit
with the utmost cordiality by all parties. He was
present with Lord BROUGHAM, on Saturday, at a
sitting of the Academie des Sciences, Morales, and
Politiques, where Baron C. Dun read the introduction
to an important work he is preparing, under the title of
" De la Force Exterieure de la Grande Bretagne."
Lord BROUGHAM, who is a corresponding member of the
Academy, begged to say, in a few words, that whilst he
was happy to render full justice to the talent of the
author, he could not agree in the opinicns expressed by
him concerning the policy of England in the affairs of
Syria, the occupation of Aden, and the question of the
sulphur monopoly in the kingdom of Naples.
The partisans of postal reform in France have been
for some time in communication with Mr. ROWLAND
HILL, who has afforded them much valuable information.
The Committee of the Chamber of Deputies, ap-
pointed to examitle the Western Railroad Bill, had met
twice on Saturday. In the morning it heard from the
Minister of Public Works the difficulties that had caused
the breaking off of the arrangements between the
LAFFITTE Company and the two Versailles Companies.
The Epoque states, that there was a chance of those
difficulties being removed, and of the first arrangement
being carried into effect.
The Strasburgh Railway Company has purchased the
iron-works of the Marquis DE BOISSY, at Vierzon.
The Three per Cents. were done at TORTONI'S, on
Sunday, at 83f. 70c.
LYONS, APRIL 10.—Marseilles and Avignon, 9151.;
Paris and Orleans, 8,230 f.; Rouen, 1,040 f.; Lyons, 575 f.;
Vierson, 678 f. 75c.

BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, Antu. 13.

"Bordeaux, Tioulause, and Cetts (Espleta), 21A—Dutch Rhenish,
s,4—East Indian, y, —Great Western Bengal, i—Lyons and Avig-
non, 2—Namur and Liege, 134—Orleans and Bordeaux, 11!i—Paris
and Rouen, 4034 —Paris and Strasbourg Constituted, 53,4 —Rouen
and Havre, 29y,.

The General Steam Navigation Company's Steam-
ship Wilberforce arrived at Blackwall Pier on Monday morn-
ing, after a fine passage of eighteen hours, from Antwerp.
The Aressager of Friday evening states that the Minis-
ith he rt ofe War,
tunnel f
on
n having° beenrcene informed
w were
likely to remain that the
rworkmenemn
inh
t buriedeir
perilous position some days longer, has given orders for a de-
tachment of sappers to proceed immediately to the spot to
assist in the efforts making to extricate them. The same
journal has the following from Meaux, dated the 9th :
" The position of the workmen has improved since yester-
day. Provisions are conveyed to them with ease since tho
water-course has been cleared, and they have an abundant
supply of air, as there are now three ventillators put up.
The correspondence of two of these men with their wives
show that their courage has not diminished, and that the
whole party look forward with confidence to their release.
Their health creates no uneasiness. Some serious symptoms,
such as bead-ache and swelling of the legs, had manifested
themselves, but they appee to have ceased. The first works
for their release have been abandoned, as there was danger
to the men employed upon them ; the second lateral gallery
proceeds at the rate of seven to eight metres per day. The
chief engineer, M. Marinet, has sent a note to the men, who
are shut out from the light of day, indicating what they may
do towards hastening their emancipation. If they follow
his instructions they may be extricated on Saturday ( this
day); if not their freedom will only be postponed one or two
days beyond that time, supposing that no new accident shonld
occur."

LIVES OF THE KINGS OF ENGLAND. BY THOMAS
ROSCOE, Esq.—The first volume of the above work, which
will supply a want long telt in our literature, has just ap-
peared, printed in a similar form with Alias Strickland's
popular "Lives of the Queens." It c )mprises a most in-
teresting biography of William the Conqueror, full of
personal anecdotes, which will be new to the generality of
readers, and displaying great historical research and critical
taste and judgment. There can be little doubt, to use the
words of the prospectus, that "The Lives of the Kings of
England will prove a valuable auxiliary to those readers,
who, fond of tracing effects up to their true causes, are
desirous of ascertaining the real share contributed by each
of the British Sovereigns to those results which have con-
ferred on our country and nation their present proud pre-
eminence in power, prosperity, freedom, and glory. To
such as seek amusement only, they cannot fail to be
equally acceptable as a connected record of tke sayings
and doings of personages of the very highest renown."
STOPPAGE OF MESSRS. LATHAM AND CO.'S BANE.
DOVZIL, APRIL 13.—The greatest consternation was occa-
sioned at Dover this morning by the announcement on the
doors of the banking-house of Latham and Co., that the
of
firm
" business of the bank was suspended " It is feared, from the
great number of small depositors, that the loss will be se.
arf th cause of
tvheerealbvofveel twbaysnounmaecrcoouusn account
of the individuals.
senior The
tn
p immediate
er
(Mr. Ilenshaw Latham) having died suddenly on Friday
morning last, though I am informed the affairs of the bank
have lung been in an embarrassed state, but which, up to the
present moment, has been kept a profound secret. It is
almost impossible to form any judgment as to the result, but
10s. in the pound, or more, is confidently spoken of as available
for the creditors.

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