The Sun.
London, England, 1846-11-10 00:00:00

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LONDON, TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 10, 1846.

The annual inaugural entertainment at the Guild-
hall of this city, commemorative of the assumption
on the part of the new Lord Mayor of the respon-
sible duties incidental to his distinguished office, is
always regarded with peculiar interest. The ancient
character of the corpbration, its vast immunities,
privileges, and extensive' jurisdiction—its proud asso-
ciations with most of the remarkable epochs in our
history—the deserved reputation it acquired in the
earliest times, and has honourably maintained down
to the present period—the great power it pos-
sesses, and the unparalleled influence which
it exercises and has spread to the remotest
corners of the earth, not more from its immense re-
sources of wealth than from the high moral fame
which is spontaneously conceded to the British mer-
chant wherever he is found, are all considerations
which impart an interest to the public introduction of
the chief magistrate of the city of London. More-
over, the invariable attendance of the Sovereign's
Ministers and other leading functionaries of these
realms at the first festive entertainment of the LORD
MAYOR, is an additional ingredient of laudable exulta-
tion with the citizens, and never fails to clothe their
magnificent hospitality with especial importance in
the eyes of a loyal and admiring public. The
circumstance, too, that this great civic .fete occurs at
a period of the year when Parliament is not sitting,
leads men to listen to the responsive speeches of the
Ministers with more than ordinary anxiety, in order
that they may the better judge of the internal and
external prospects of the country. The approach of
Lord Jonis RUSSELL to the banquetting-hall was
greeted with the utmost cordiality ; it could not well
have been otherwise. Apart from the fact of his
being one of their own representatives, the citizens
could not be unmindful that his Lordship was
the Prime Minister of England. They must have
remembered also at the moment when the Premier
drew forth their plaudits, that after he had been re-
jected ,as a Minister by Parliament, on account of his
declared adhesion to the principles of free trade, he,
for the first time, presented himself, under great dis-
advantages, as a candidate for the city of London ;
that they returned him to the House of Commons,
where his principles triumphed, and that the digni-
fied position of the Chief of the Cabinet bad devolved
upon the object of their choice. In our review of yester-
day of the intelligence received from Ireland we ex-
pressed an assurance that the murrain in the potato has
not been so extensively disastrous as has for a long time
been apprehended ; and we are happy to observe that
the LORD MAYOR, whilst proposing the 'health of her
MAJESTY'S Ministers, and expressing his confidence
that they would do all in their power to mitigate the
calamity, stated " it was not so great as it had been
represented to be." Sir GEORGE Castuom. is no
mean authority on these matters. He was actively
engaged in commercial business between thirty and
forty years, and conducted extensive financial
operations with the leading capitalists of Lon-
don. The merchants in our city have the swiftest,
the most precise, and the fullest information
upon everything affecting the trade and commerce of
the country. As Lord JOHN RUSSELL said, " a sort
of electric telegraph communicates to the citizens of
London all that happens in every part of the empire."
We are satisfied that Sir GEORGE CARROLL would
not speak upon so momentous a subject as the failure
of a crop, which has brought thousands to the brink
of starvation, with insufficient data, or without due
reflection. In this view, then, we hail with grateful
delight the confirmation by the LORD MAYOR of our
impression, that the dispensation of PROVIDENCE has not
been so severe as was originally credited. But, be it
great or small, the Premier only dii justice to his
audience when he declared, that "at whatever is
matter of joy they rejoice—in every matter of la-
mentation they hasten to contribute their utmost to
alleviate and remedy the distress." This sentiment
was loudly cheered, and the Irish may take comfort
in the persuasion that, whatever may be the amount
of assistance the Minister may think should be
afforded them by England under their present afilic-
' tions, the wealthy, enlightened, and benevolent of
the mightiest city in the world will gladly counte-
nance. In all seasons of public distress the sym-
pathy, humanity, and generosity of the city of
London have ever been most prominent. So prover-
bial, indeed, have become these ennobling charac-
teristics of our citizens, that whenever, through ex-
tensive conflagrations, vast inundations, or other de-
plorable visitations, the cities and properties of foreign
lands have been consumed or devastated, to England,
in chief, have their appeals for alleviation been
directed, and never in vain. If such is the active
spirit with which England stretches the hand of suc-
cour to distant shores whence the cry of distress has
been wafted to our own, Ireland may rely upon it
that in the hour of need the munificence will be forth-
coming to assuage her sorrows. But, whilst we are
confident of this, we are nevertheless deeply grateful
for the belief that the produce of the sister isle has
not been so fearfully smitten as was anticipated.

Nothing has latterly indicated more conspicuously
the diversity of human opinion upon the principle
which should be regarded as the primum mobile of
legislation as the recent struggle connected with
British agriculture. Quot homines tot sententice was
never more strikingly illustrated than on the occasion
of the last Parliamentary campaign. " Restrictive
imposts are protective of native industry," said one ;
" The corn-laws diminish home consumption and cripple
our insular agriculturists," said another; "Free-
trade doctrines will produce a national bankruptcy,"
said the alarmist; "Unless monopoly be relinquished
forthwith we cannot answer for the consequences,"
threatened the enthusiastic advocates of the popular
policy.. One cried, "The markets will be swamped
by an inundation of foreign grain ;" another, " Bread
may become cheaper, but wages will proportionably
diminish;" another, "Prices will remain stationary
under all circumstances, and the speculators will be
alone benefited ;" another, " Our farming interests
will be sacrificed for the emolument of our manufac-
turers." Every shadow of difference in deduction
from the same identical facts variously handled, was
perceptible even in the discussions of our representa-
tive legislators. They were unquestionably divided
into two antagonistic forces ; but each force
numbered an astonishing variety of intellectual
weapons. The continuation of the restrictions upon
importr.tion and exportation was advocated in every
conceivable manner; the supposed perils derivable
from the doctrines of commercial emancipation were
in like manner considered under every imaginable
aspect. The same statistical calculations fell under
the immediate observation of every one, but almost
every separate individual regarded those calculations
through a novel medium ; the figures were transposed,
and the results distorted according to the bias of
each observer. Among the protectionists alone we
could illustrate our meaning by an extraordinary di-
ve.t.sity of examples, from Lord STANLEY himself down
to the most leaden-headed wine-bibber on the back
bellehf s of an agricultural demonstration.
As time elapses, and the consequences of Sir
ROBE) IT PEEL'S commercial measure becomes
more apparent, those varieties of opinion
are r.st uming to themselves a most Protean and cha-
melion -like fluctuation. Animosity is dwindling
into in difference, indifference is merging into asto-
nishme:nt, astonishment is resolving itself into en-
thusiasm. We shall ultimately behold the bitterest
enemies of the League swelling the ranks of its dis-
ciples and admirers. One by one the great landed
propriei.ors of the kingdom have confessed the fallacy
the,i_r original impressions ; one after another they

are bowing with suhaalF,3ion to the_ip-tje3ty of
Uni-
veria: Truth.

During the festivities appertaining to the, rent-day
at Wynyard Park on Friday, the 6th instant, a re-
markable oration was delivered to his tenantry by
the Marquis of LONDONDERRY. There were
no evidences of legislative sagacity in this
oration ; its induction was not astonishing
for any display of profundity in the know-
ledge and application of political economy; nor,
indeed, was there any approach to oratorical excel-
lence even in its peroration. Nevertheless, we dia.
tinctly maintain that the speech delivered on this
occasion by Lord LONDONDERRY, meagre in illustra-
tion, and inartistic in arrangement as it undoubtedly
was, carried with it, on the whole, a marked and
significant importance. The Noble Marquis, cheered by
the flourishing condition of his rent-roll, and exulting i n
the accurate balance of the accounts between himself
and his numerous tenantry, takes a retrospective re-
view of the consequences of the policy sanctioned by
the Legislature during the last session of the Imperial
Parliament. And what, in brief, may be asked, were
the reflections excited by the retrospection of one so
deeply and personally interested in the prosperity of
the agriculture of Great Britain ? Briefly, they were
these. Lord LONDONDERRY could not help acknow-
ledging that prices have continued rising steadily
up to the last market-day I that farmers in the ag-
gregate were never in a more prosperous condition !
that he himself had a convincing testimony that
this prosperity was not superficial, seeing that two
only out of his whole body of tenantry were in arrears!
Beyond this, he felt peculiar satisfaction in declaring
that rents were in no instance diminishing! and that, on
the contrary, there was no prospect whatever of their
being lowered ! Yet the talisman of agriculture had
been broken long since ; the palladium of British
corn-growers had been destroyed ; the omnipotent
corn-laws had been repealed ! Arguments are all
very well ; logic is a capital affair in its Way ;
but the punctuallity of payment in a tenant,
the melodious ringing of gold coin and the crumpling
of bank-notes in the fingers of a steward, are more
convincing than the masterpiece of the most con-
summate. logician. Lord LONDONDERRY recognises
the foolishness of the mournful anticipations indulged
in by the protectionists ; he recognises their foolish-
ness in th 3 happiness of his tenantry, and in the
replenishment of his coffers. Beholding the pros-
perity that has, in his experience, resulted from the
recent Parliamentary changes, the Noble Marquis
reprobates the asperities of language and occasionally
the miserable personalities by which those changes
were accompanied; he avouches that much exaggera-
tion was visible in the picture variously but darkly
painted by the imaginations of the most eminent up-
holders of protection. In the conduct of the late
Prime Minister he does not perceive anything re-
quiring apology. " Sir ROBERT PEEL," says he,
was the Minister of the country, not of a party."
According to the aspersers of that Right Honour-
able Baronet, the nation was to be involved in
difficulties immediately upon the acceptation of his
measures of mercantile reform—according to the
admiring and grateful contemporaries of that great
statesman, general advantages would, on the contrary,
result therefrom. The former assertion has been
laughed to scorn by the verification of the latter.
Simple and unassuming a was the cration of the
Marquis of LONDONDERRY, it is likely to prove one
of eminent utility. It is the approval wrung from a
landowner by the realisation of some amongst the fair-
est dreams of the free-traders—those dreams which
were once regarded as the visions of Utopia.

The admirable letter of Lord JOHN RUSSELL to the
Duke of LEThSTER, to which we have already
directed the public attention, has roused the ire of
the Earl of DESART, who has published what he calls
a vindication of himself and his brother landlords
from the charges supposed to be contained therein. It
is said that the Noble Earl is a candidate for the vacant
representative peerage occasioned by the death of the
late Marquis of THOMOND, hence his readiness to
rush into print to attack the sagacious statesman at
the head of the Ministry, in order that the noble
electors may have an opportunity for judging of his
qualifications, and seeing on what slender grounds he
can carp at the Government and pour forth his spleen
against the Executive.
Lord JOHN—in stating the course pursued by the
Administration in authorising the Lord-Lieutenant
to deviate from the letter of the law, and
to give his sanction to advances being made for
useful and profitable works, although of a private
nature, thus taking upon themselves a'great and se-
rious responsibility, for which a Parliamentary in-
demnity will be required—stated the views which the
Cabinet had formed as to the practical working of
the Labour-rate Act. lie said, "It bad been our
hope and expectation that landed proprietors would
have commenced works of drainage and other im-
provements on their own account, thus employing the
people on their own estates, and rendering the land
more productive for the future. In that case it would
have been only the surplus labour which would have
been employed on roads and other works not imme-
diately profitable." Lord DESART immediately be-
comes indignant at what, we must confess, appears
to us a rather natural expectation. It is reason-
able to hope that every subject will discharge
the duties incidental to his position. It is especially
the duty of every landowner to provide adequate em-
ployment for the labouring poor belonging to his es-
tate ; he should either provide them with useful occu-
pation likely to afford a fair return for the amount
expended, or he should make up his mind to support
them in idleness, and not to cast upon others the
burden which in justice and equity should fall upon
himself. And it might fairly be calculated, that in
the pressing difficulties in which the country has
been placed, some, at least, of the body would strive
efficiently to perform their part, and to employ the
people on their own estates. This, however, appears
a monstrous supposition to Lord DESART. He cannot
hear it " without entering his protest against the im
plication of neglect of duty on the part of the Irish
landlords." The manner in which his Lordship proceeds
to prove that they have fulfilled their duties, and
that an unjust and unfounded aspersion has been cast
upon them by the implication of neglect, is essentially
Irish ; he divides them into two classes, those who
have hitherto neglected and those who have performed
their duties, and he attempts to show that from
neither of these can anything be expected at the pre-
sent time. He asks—

" Does Lord John Russell here allude to those who
have hitherto neglected their estates ? If so, surely his
knowledge of human nature must have been sufficient to
tell him that those whom neither a sense of interest nor
mutual obligation had hitherto been able to incite to a
performance of their duties would not be likely to conie
forward at this crisis. But if he alludes to the resident
and improving proprietors, bow does he expect them,
with a diminished rental and increased burdens, to create
a new fund to meet the present emergency ? If they
have hitherto done their duty, they have employed their
available income in carrying out improvements on their
properties ; and, in the present times, it will require the
utmost economy on their parts to continue (not to in-
crease) the number of their labourers.

This is, indeed, rather a curious vindication of the
Irish landlords. One section have always neglected
their estates. It is, therefore, absurd to suppose that
they will be stimulated even by the present emer-
gency, and all that will be in the pown of the other
is to continue the former quantity of labour. Lord
DEsaRT should know that if the landlord of the latter
class had fully performed his duty there would be no
pressure or necessity in his immediate neighbour-
hood,—every man belonging to his lands would be
provided with sufficient work thereon, without being
compelled to seek it from other sources ; but he seems
to think that the landlords are to do nothing them-
selves, but that everything is to be pro-
vided for them by the State. The English land-
lords obtain no Government assistance, and yet
the poor are taken care of and provided
for, but in Ireland everything must be done by the
Government, and it is unreasonable to hope for any-
thing from unaided exertion. His Lordship com-
plains that the proprietors of entailed estates cannot
obtain a participation of the benefits offered by the
Drainage Act. This, we think, should be amended,
as we agree with his Lordship that it is the tenant
for life, who cannot charge the inheritance of the
lands with any portion of the amount expended
thereon in permanent and valuable improvements,
that more urgently requires the assistance that would
be thereby afforded; but it should be borne in mind
that the present Government are not responsible for
that Act, nor was it intended as the means by which

the exigencies of the country were to be provided for.
The landlord who cannot come within its provi-
sions may receive assistance; and have his lands
drained under the provisions of the Labour rate
Act in its modified form ; he may, by giving the re-
quired undertaking, obtain a presentment at the
Extraordinary Baronial Sessions, and thus, pro Canto,
remove the burden that would be occasioned by works
of an unprofitable nature from the electoral division
in which his property is situated. Lord DESART
should showthat he himself, and those as whose advocate
he appears, have also failed in the attempt to make
these latter provisions available. We can feel for the
difficulties to be encountered by Irish landlords; but
before they look for the public sympathy they should
strive with activity and zeal to overcome them by the
means within their power, and, above all, they should
refrain from vilifying and reproaching the wise and
sagacious Ministers that have already done so much
on their behalf because they do not work impossibili-
ties, and should be thankful for the assistance that has
been afforded to them.

Madrid papers of the 3d instant have arrived.

It was believed in Madrid that one of the first pro-
jects of law which would be presented to the new
Cortes by the Ministers, would be a measure for the
reform of the commercial tariff. Queen CHRISTINA,
it is said, will leave Madrid for Paris at the close of
the present year. Don. ENRIQUR is expected shortly
to return to Madrid.

These papers contain news from Lisbon'of the 29th.
Santarem was at that time in possession of the insur-
gents, having been evacuated by the QUEEN'S troops,
who had arrived in Lisbon. The QUEEN had issued a de-
cree, directing that if the Count DE THOMAR (CABRAL)
should set foot in Portugal he should be immediately
arrested 'and confined in a fortress. A royal •order
has been communicated to the commander of the
frigate Dukneza de Braganza, the guardship of the
port of Lisbon, to seize the person of the Count DE
Tuomnu, if he should arrive by sea. Lisbon was
completely surrounded by guerillas, so that it was
dangerous for any of the garrison to leave the
city. These guerillas loudly demanded the
abdication of the QUEEN, and the withdrawal of
King FERDINAND and his favourite German, DILTZ,
the Afrancesado, from the country. A narticle entitled
" The State of the Question," which has been clan-
destinely published by the Democratic party, contains
the following passage :

" Either the revolution must fail, and a new 6th of
October take place, the representative Government being
replaced by a personal Government, or the Queen must
abdicate and withdraw altogether from public affairs
with her husband and maitre Dietz,'to whom the country
is already indebted for some revolutions and for the state
of anarchy in which it is at present placed. This spon-
taneous abdication would be the only natural act of the
reign of Donna Maria."

The Count Das ANTAS was rapidly advancing on
Lisbon, and according to the Cadiz Nacional, King
FERDINAND seemed rather inclined to treat with him
than to fight him, and had even asked the com-
mander of the English fleet to act as a mediator be-
tween himself and his subjects.
MADRID BOLSA, OCT. 31.—Three per Cents., 341% money,
34% paper; Four per Cents., 211/2 ; Five per Cents., 211/2,
with the current coupons. Debt without Interest, 6% paper.
Vales, unconsolidated, 83/ money. Coupons, 20.

We have received the Paris papers of Sunday.
It appears that the Marquis of NORMANBY was not
the only Foreign Minister who refused to attend the
reception of the Duchess of MONTPENSIEE on Satur-
day. It will he peiceived from the following article
in the Comnurce that the Belgian Minister was also
absent :

" It is not only by diplomatic notes, but also by public
and official manifestations, that the displeasure of Eng-
land and the rupture of the entente cordiale are now ex-
hibited. This day took place, at the Tuileries, the re-
ception of the corps diplomatique, who came to con-
gratulate the King on the subject of the Duke de
Montpensier's marriage with the Infanta Donna Luisa,
the presumptive heiress to the crown of Spain. Two
significant absences were observed during the pre-
sentation—that of the Marquis of Normanby, the Eng-
lish Ambassador, and that of the Belgian Embassy.
With the exception of these two representatives, whose
absence has a clear and unequivocal meaning, the corps
diplomatique were au grand comptet, minus, however,
the Prussian Minister Plenipotentiary, M. D'Arnom, the
Prussian Ambassador, M. d'Appony, and the Sardinian
Ambassador, who are not at Paris at this moment. The
Pope's Nuncio, the Spanish, Neapolitan, and Ottoman
Ambassadors, the son of M. d'Appony (who acted for
his father), the Russian Charge d'Affaires M. de Kisse-
lef ; the Ministers Plenipotentiary of Saxony, Wurtem-
burg, and Bavaria; the Charges d'Affaires of the United
States, Tuscany, Mecklenburg, &c., &c., were pre-
sent. The absence of Lord Normanby created a very
great sensation among the diplomatic body; the absence
of the Belgian Ambassador is not of less importance
when coupled with the departure of King Leopold, who
left the palace two days ago; notwithstanding the exalted
solicitations that would have detained him, the Cobourg
blood has prevailed, on the occasion, over the family ties
which ought to make that prince side entirely with our
dynasty. This evening the Messager observed a prudent
and significant silence respecting the day's event. It
would also appear that M. Guizot still hoped to see Lord
Normanby attend this solemn reception. His journals and
reviews had assured us that England protested against
the Spanish marriages but with a view to remote even-
tualities: it is now well proved that Lord Palmerston
is much more positive in his rancour and ill-will."
The Journal des Debats contents itself with an-
nouncing the fact of the absence of the Marquis of
NORMANDY, but the Presse thus comments on it :

" As we had stated, the diplomatic corps have been
received this day at the Palace of the Tuileries, on the
occasion of the marriage of his Royal Highness the
Duke de Montpensier. All the Ambassadors and Mi-
nisters Plenipotentiary now at Paris repaired in grand
uniforms to this reception, where his Excellency the
Ambassador of England shone by his absence. Such
was the sincerity of that alliance, and the cordiality of
that entente, which we have constantly exhorted our
country to distrust."

King Louis PHILIPPE, having secured the INI AITA
and her dowry for his son, does not seem inclined at
all to pay the enormous expenses of this marriage out
of his private purse ; on the contrary, he throws the
whole of them upon the country—an artful, cunning
mode of squeezing out of France, under the name of
travelling expenses, that dotation for his son which
he knows no Chamber of Deputies would ever
grant him.
The following remarks, from the Siede, show the
large amount of secret service money which has
passed into the hands of M. GIIIZOT during the last
three months :

"By a royal ordinance, dated July 10, M. Guizot
was allowed 280,000 E for extraordinary couriers and tra-
travelling expenses, and for extraordinary missions,
250,000 f. and 590,0001.—altogether 1,120,000 f. This
was tolerably well, if we consider that 750,000 E had
already been voted by the Chamber of Deputies for a
similar service, and it might have been expected that M.
Guizot would have been satisfied. But, no ;by a royal
ordinance dated the 10th of October, he was granted
200,000 E, and by another royal ordinance, dated the
25th of October, 300,000 f. ; and again on the 7th of
November, for unexpected expenses, 320,0001. Thus
within four months M. Guizot has been allowed
1,900,000 E, independent of 650,000 f., 150,000 E, and
600,000 f. granted by the budget. That a grand line of
politics requires a great expenditure was one of the
maxims and the constant practice of Cardinal Richelieu.
VI. Guizot may certainly be compared to him in the point
of view of expense.
The Duke DE MONTPENSIER is not. the only Bourbon
Prince who marries a Princess with an immense
dowry. The Duke DE BORDEAUX is on the point of
marriage with a Princess of Modena, whose fortune
is four millions sterling. The Constitutionnel says—
" The news of the Duke de Bordeaux's marriage with
a sister of the Duke of Modena, is obtaining confirma-
tion. The settlements, it is said, were signed by proxy
at Modena on the 30th October, and the marriage pub-
lished at Vienna on the 31st, by command of the Empe-
ror, whose first cousin the Princess is. It is added that
the marriage was to have been solemnized this very day.
The future Duchess de Bordeaux is thirty years of age;
her fortune is reckoned at 100,000,000 francs. The
Duke de Bordeaux is twenty-six yetirs of age."
The Three per Cents. were done in the Passage de
i'Opera on Sunday at 82f. 45c.
BUSINESS DONE IN. F9EIGII_RAILWAYS AT THE

LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, NOVEMBER 9.
Demerara, 274—Dutch Rhenish, 514 —Jamaica South Midland
Junction, '79 —Northern of France .Coustitutad, 10%—Over Yssel,
734—Faris and Lyons Constituted, 4%.

ARRIVAL OF THE EAST INDIA. MAILS.—SOUTID.
AMPTON, NOV. 9.—The Oriental Company's steam- ship,
Erin, Captain Brooks, arrived at the Motherbank at
three A. m. this day, and landed the East India mails,
which were forwarded to London by the first morning
train. The Erin has a full general cargo, and fifty pas-
sengers. Her dates are Constantinople, October 20,
Imyrna, 24th, and Malta, 28th. She is expected to be
released frum quarantine either this evening or early to-
morrow morning.
It appears that the terms of agreement entered
into between the Great Western and South Wales Com-
panies have been modified, to the extent of guaranteeing
the shareholders of the latter undertaking five per cent.
In perpetuity, with equal division of surplus profits above
that amount five years after the opening of the line.
['he intended provision for amalgamation at the expira-
tion of ten years, and which was considered objection-
able in some quarters, has been by common consent
withdrawn.

POSTAL ARRANGEMENTS WITH PRUSSIA.—The
Augsburgh Gazette states that a postal convention was
concluded on the 19th tilt., at London, between the Go-
vernments of England And Prussia.

MONEY and COMMERCIAL NEWS.

CITY, QUARTER TO THR.F,I

The sales of Cotton at Liverpool yesterday were
5,000 bales. The market was lirm. Sales all to the
trade. American at sd. to 6d d, Egyptian at 7d. to
10d., and Surat at 30. to 4id. per lb. Shares were at
full prices again. _

Ainong die productive sources of revenue, the article
of hops certainly stands in the foremost rank this year,
and it is curious to note how greatly the national in-
come, from this source, will exceed the amount antici-
pated early in the year, being now officially declared at
242,9291.

The mercantile community have long felt that steam
navigation must change, to an important extent, the
system of modern warfare, and that the defences on
our coast; to which more attention is recently being
paid, should be accompanied by efficient measures, fur
some slight training of the inhabitants, unused as the
majority now are to even the handling of a gun. A
retired officer, in some " Remarks on our Means of
Defence againsran Invasion," justly writes, that the
unprotected state of the country has, no doubt, obtruded
itself upon the notice of the reflecting part of the in-
habitants ; but as many do not take the trouble to re-
flect, and as the thinking faculties of a considerable
number are devoted almost exclusively to commerce
and manufactures, he cannot be deemed an alarmist
who calls the attention of the public to a subject of more
importance than any that has in latter days engrossed
its meditative-powers. It is, in the first place, neces-
sary to inform the unthinking, that the popular phrase,
" the wooden walls of England," is now become obso-
lete ; however just and expressive it may have been in
former days, when the winds and tides, combined with
the superior seamanship of our mariners, kept us
in a state of security. Now that the passage
from shore to shore is an affair of a few
hours—that steamers can lie Off any part of our coast
by the force of their engines, and troops can be landed
from them wherever the enemy may think advisable—
the expression has' no meaning. Our sailors will in
future have to gather their laurels in more distant climes,
where the passage of a sea or ocean will give the chance
of a rencontre between hostile fleets.

" It should also be forcibly • impressed on our minds,
that the facility with which troops can be carried to the
point of embarkation, and the various munitions of war
collected together, lay us infinitely more open to an in-
vasion than we were only a few years ago. The com-
bined efforts of a people, where the various classes are
mostly independent, from possessing, nearly all, personal
or landed property, however small, must be infinitely
greater, in case of any national movement, than
those of a country where the classes are more
dependent on each other for their daily subsistence.
The bulk of the people, in the former case, is more iden-
tified with the national glory and interest than in the
latter. It behoves us, therefore, the more to prepare all
the means in our power for resistance. The principal
object of these remarks is to urge the employment of the
militia as a nursery for the line, and the necessity of
arming and training the people ; or if the latter
should be considered inexpedient, as a general measure,
to give at least greater facilities to the formation, both in
town and country; of corps of yeomanry and volunteer
cavalry, to be trained so as to act, when dismounted, as
skirmishers. So long as our army is, numerically speak-
ing, wholly inadequate to meet such an emergency as I
have contemplated, some of the measures I have sug-
gested are urgently and immediately necessary to the
safety of the country."
The Spanish Bondholders Committee, represented at
Paris by the deputation which co-operates with the
continental creditors, does not appear to let
the grass grow under its feet, for an energetic
statement has been made public, which, while
it sets forth in plain terms the increased ability of Spain
to do justice to those who assisted her in time of need,
also plainly intimates that every effort will be used to
press the matter officially Upon the attention of the Go-
vernment of Madrid, should quiet representation fail of
the effect intended.

The Public Securities, upon this, the first transfer day
of the week, a►e exhibiting a somewhat firmer aspect,
and there is the same apparent disposition on the part
of the public to sustain the market, more, perhaps, than
speculators feel inclined to do. Co.nsols have been,
94/ 4 for present delivery, and 94i a for time. The
premium on Exchequer-bills is maintained at I is. to 14s.
The New Three-aud-a•Quarter per CeLts. have been
934 to 93/.

Business in the Foreign Market has been as limited
as ever, and prices are consequently almost nominal.
Spanish Five per Cents. brought 2611. Mexican Bonds
have been firm at 221 to 1 Dutch Two-and-a Half per
Cents. have been 59f.
Shares are good upon the_ whole, but -not; quite so
buoyant. • Edithrgh and Glasgow haVe been down to
75 and 73. Caledonian have been 23'2 to 24. Great
Western are 137.- Ambergate have been firm at 24
BRITISH FUNDS 'l'lllS DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK.
(From the Official List.)
3 per Cent. Reduced Annuities •-• 9576%4
3 per Cent. Consols Anns 94% 4 j/2
New 34 per Cent. Annuities
Long Annuities, Expire sth Jan. 1860 9%
Do. 30 Years, Expire Oct. 10, 1859 9 11-16 3/4
Do. 30 Years, Expire Jan. 5, 1860.. 10 1-16
South Sea Stock
Ditto New Annuities
Consols for Account ,
Exchequer Bills. 11/Qct.
1,0001.
5001.
Ditto Small
ELICE OF FOREIGN FUNDS AT ONE O'CLOCK.
Mexican Bonds, 1846, 5 per Cent. --
Ditto for the Account 22%
Spanish Bonds, 5 per Cent, 1840
Ditto for theAqeount 26%
Dividends on the .above payable in London.
Dutch 2% per Cents
Ditto 4 per Cent. Certificates

BUSINESS DONE IN RAILWAY SHARES AT ONE O'CLOCK

RAILWAYS.

PAID. PER SHARE.
Aberdeen ' 20
Amber., Notting., Boston, &c. 2% 23A ys... to
Armagh, Coleraine, &Portrush 1% — to
Aylesbury and Thame l% to
Belfast and County Down .. 4% .. ..
Birmingham and Dudley 425.... . 6V/ pto
Birmingham and Gloucester 100

Do. New (iss. at 7% dis.).. 17% — to
Birmingham & Oxford June... 2
Birkenhead, Lancashire, and
Cheshire Junction 234 . to
Boston, Stamf , & Birming... 225.
Bristol and Exeter
Do~ New
Bristol and Gloucester 3O
Bristol and Liverpool June... 21.4
Buckinghamshire B4s.
Caledonian
_ .

. - - - --
Ditto, Half Shares
' Cambrian and Grand Junct 425.
Chester and Holyhead 271/2 ... 241;; to 23%
I Churnet and Blythe
. .
F Chester and Manchester 42s.
• Cheltenham and Oxford 2 to
Clydesdale Junction 2O
Cork, Blackrock, & Passages 225.
' Cork and Killarney
Cork and Waterford l% — to
Cornwall
Ditto, Half Shares ... 2%,,,,. ••.... to
Cornwall and Central Devon 2% 1:;1....., to
Derby and Crewe 2% to
Direct Lincoln, East Retford,
and Sheffield Junction 254 — to
Direct Northern
Direct Norwich ••• 1
Dublin and Belfast Junction.. 121/2 to
Dublin, Belfast, & Coleraine 2%. — to
Dublin and Galway
Dundalk and Enniskillen ... 10 ......
Eastern Counties l4l. 16s 22 VA.— to
Do. New l2/. 16s 7% p... to
Do. Perpet., 5 per ct• No. 1,6/. 13s. 4d — .. ... to
Do., do N 0.2,6/. 13s. 4d... 1,2 p,,, to
Do,, York Extension
East Dereham and Norwich 1
Eastern Union . .. .. 35
Ditto, Quarter Shares 834 — ..... .to
Do. Extension to Harwich ,Iyß
Do. Cambridge and Ely ... 2% — to
East Lancashire
•• ... to
Ditto, New .
Do. (late Preston & Ormsk.) 2% ... - to
East Lincolnshire ... 1% 1A:,... to --
East and West of England... 1% —.
Edinburgh and Glasgow
Ditto, Half Shares
Ditto, Quarter Shares 12% l7 ]/,'2 . to
Edinburgh and Northern ... 12% —
Edinburgh and Perth
Ely and Huntingdon ... 121%, l2 ';,l to
. Enniskillen and Sligo ...... ... 2% — to
' Exeter, Yeovil, & Dorchester 514 3%4_ to
Glasgow, Kilmarnock, & Ayr 50
Ditto, New
D 0.14 Shares (5 per ct.gua.) 121/2 .„ .. ..
, Glom., Aberystwith, and Oen.
of Wales
Goole,Doncaster,Sheffid., &c. 425.....~
Grand Union (Nott. & Lynn) 1% — ...
.. to
Great Eastern and Western... 21/2
Great Grimsby and Sheffield 10
Gt. South. & West. (Ireland) 27% 29 to
Great Munster ...... ......... ... 2 1/2 - ...... to
Great North of Scotland 2% — ...... to
Great North of England 100 ......2361%
Ditto, New
Ditto, New
Ditto, New 1%...... ..... to
Great Western B5 137
Ditto, Half Shares
Ditto, Quarter Shares
Ditto, Fifths
Do. New .... 2 ...... 7% ..... to
Huddersfield and Manchester 13 ......
Di tte, Extension
[lull and Selby 5O 10814._ .. to
Ditto, Quarter Shares l2l/2 — ...... to
' Ditto Half Shares
Ipswich & Bury St. Edmunds 111,4 — ...... to
Do. do. and;Norwich
Lancastk.r and Carlisle SO
Do. New 5
Larne, Belfast, & Ballymena 425.
Leeds and Bradford
Leeds and Carlisle
Leicester and Birmingham... 225.
...... to
Lei:ester and Bedford 225.
Leeds, Dewsbury, & Munches. 221, —
Ditto, Branch (Blue) . . .... 21/2 s : - ... to
Ditto, Extension (Green).. 2% — • • -• to
Leeds and Thirsk 17%
.... to
Ditto, New
Liverpool, Manchester, and
Newcastle Junction DA " ... . to
Liverpool and Bury l4 ......
London & Blackwall —l6/. 13s. 4d.....~
Do. New • ...... ••• 3
Do. Extension .......... 71/2 v
to
Loud., Bright., & South Coast 50
Do. Fifths 4O
to
London and Croydon Cuaran •
teed 5 per Cent 9 . —
London and Greenwich... 121.15 x. 4d... 9%
Ditto Preference lBl 17s 2d...
London,Hotwalow,&Western 2 . .... --

o
---------•-•'•'"-'-'""---.'"-"-l"--
London and North Western 100 ...... 198 ,!2. ...., t
to
-
Do. Quarter Shares ...... 2 ... . .... .to -
_D o. 410. New
. i„!,‘ ..... to
Do. do. Fifths . : ..... - ' •to -
..... ,
Do. Eighths G. J. i'2,2 ...... - . . to
Do. New. Quarters G. J. 5 ...... - ... ~ to
Do. 401. 401. Shares L. &M. 8 •••••• - , .. ,to --
681/2'*. . . to "
London and S. Western.... 411.6 s 10d
Do. New consolidated Bths.. 40 ...... -,, ...... to 2.
Ditto New ........... ~ ....... 22 q ...... :it, ...... 10 -
Do. New .... • •18 ...... -1, ..... ,to --
London and Y0rk........ ....... 24 ...... 2 14'''' .to "
Ditto Half Shares
London and Windsor
--' .. -- .. ... , to .--
London, Salisbury, & . Yeovil 2%••••.. - "":
.. ,toto --
Londonderry and Coleraine l5 ...... ..... to --
Londonderry and Enniskillen 15 ...... --- .. ~to "
yrn and Ely
Lynn and Dereham -
Land' ester end Leeds B2 .• •-10;:,1 ..... to --'
MDitto Half Shares - 38 ...... 4'14 ....... to --
Dittc Quarters - ...... to --
Ditto Fifths
Ditto Sixteenths -
Do. Extension
... to '
Manchester and Birmingham 40 .• ••• - . to --
Ditto Quarters (A) - "
Ditto Quarters (13) - :'. ,to "
Ditto Quarters (C) -
Mauch, Buxton, & Matlock 42.5. ...... 1;.1.
Ilanchestift,Birmingham, and . to
- . ..... -- ***. .to --
MouldJunction .••••
Manchester and Southampton 2 ...... -, • to .."
Midland 100 .• -.1331%2 ...... to
-
Ditto Fifths
^414-' " ,
Ditto, New
Ditto, New
Midland. Birm., and Derby 100 ••• •• -- ••••••
t° --
°24 .. .......... °6:iii 5/97". to
Midland and Eastern Counties 2%•••.. --- "'::, to :,
Midld. Great Western(lrish) 15 .... 7- , :;,;3; to '"
Newcastle and Berwick
-,
Do North Shields 25 •••••• -- •.
:. t° ..••
Newcastle and Carlisle . . lOO ....- "7:3, ....
t° ~.
...... /4 ...... .to
Newmarket and Chesterford 5
Newport and Abergavenny 2%..... -- ••:" 'to
Newry and Enniskillen .- • •.
7 ...... -- '
...... .. to 130
Newark, Sheffield, and Boston• 1%•••• --v. ... t°
Do. Half Shares
‘icrfolk - 100 .... : ........ ........ to
7 •••••• - . ••• t
- •:' too
Ditto Extension
North British •• •.. - les74 to
,5
...... 0,.'gt,.•
.., to

Dittonalf Shares ,
Ditto Fifths 5 3%
Do. Quarters 1 ••••••15 .... (•••••• to 4
Ditto, Extension

Northern and Eastern
...... ...... to -0
Ditto Scrip (iss. at 5 dis.) 45 ..... 171/10'''' to
Ditto Quarter Shares
New-
Ditto Ne ••;1' P
.... 370,15 -to
North Staffordshire 42s. • ........... to
....
North Wale 3 3l/e •••• ...... ,

I: orth. & South. Connecting 25/ti• ••"
Northampton, Banbury, and
Cheltenham ... .. 2 ..... to'
Oxford, Worcester, and Wol- 0 lis ". to'
verhampton
Oxfd., Witney, & Cheltnham 1%.. ••• . .... ' to'
Portsmouth Direct
.....
..... to ..-
Preston and Wyre -
Ditto, Half Shares ......
Reading, Guildford, & Reigate Si. 125...'
__ ••••*: to'
~Richmond ...
...... .01 to'

-- .
- r
Royston and Hitchen 1%•••••• ,208•••••. to
Scottish Central • 12% ''''" 014'••''' ,
Scottish Midland ... l`2% •••••' to
...... ,
Sheffield, Buxton, Leek Pot ...., to
• teries,.and Crewe l% ...... „,.. ••"• to /
Sheffield and Manchester —lOO ......
..,, ..... ' to
Ditto 4 Shares 8 •• ••' ••'''. to /.
,
Do. and Lincolnshire J unct. 114 • • ••• •
_„.., ••••• t 0,.., „
Do. and Great Grimsby
....„ •••"' to,
Do. do. do. Extension 42s• ...... :.3!: •.5 to
Slarewsbury and Birmingham 3 •••••• i!.i /
Shropshire Union . '
Shreweburv, Wolverhampton,
~. , „..
and S. Staftordsh. Junction 2%•• •••
....... .• ' to
Sligo and Shannon
~2,s
..... • to 5
South Devon ....... ......
South Midland 42s. ••••••
~.,.. .'''. to /
South and Midlands Junction 425. ..... ••"'' to /
South aaffitrdshire Junction 2%...••' 3 ......
A ••••: to ,
South Eastern and Dover
~ ••-. to
Ditto, New, No. 1
.-- .• ,•••
Ditto, New, N 0.2 l2 ...... •••• to
Ditto, 'New, No. 3 l5 ...... •• ' Ditto New, No. 4. 2%..••••
0
,„ 5
St. Alban's, Hatfield, and
Hertford Junction
Staines and Richmond 42ls. ••• • ••
... .. .". ---__ :••••"' to
Staffordshire and Shropshire 2% ...... 4
.4•••••• /
South Wares
• Swans. and Loughor and Ca- ••••• to /
..„-
meron's Sun. Coal ...... ...
...., ••''', , /
to /
Taw Valz Extension
...„
to
Tring, Reading, & Basingstoke 54 ......
...... •••••• /
Vale of Neath
/
Wakefield, Pontefract, and
„,_. ••"' to /
Goole
_„.... •• '': to

Warwickshire and London 42i.....•• --- ~.." to/
Warwick and Worcester • 425. . ..... "` ~.." to
Waterford and Kilkenny 8 • ..... ••• /
Waterford and Limerick 22%••• ••- ...„
to
Waterford, W exford, Wicklw, .." /
and Dublin ... '
Wexford, Waterford, and to
-- ,
Valentia
-- ,•
Waveney Valley
Welsh Midland 9% ...... ---I.i v". t$ /
West Riding Union 42s. ••••••
.._ •
..."' to
,
West Cornwall 2 ...... ••"' to //
West London, Old Shares - ~.." to /
---
~.
Wexford and.CarlOw
--
Wisbeach and St. Ives 2 ......
..... /
,„,,, 10
Wilts,Somerset,&Weymouth 10 •••••• ,••''' to /
Worcester,Warwick, & Rugby 425...•••• "''.o'.•••', to/
1.
York and Carlisle 23% ...... „1,,,.,, to /
York and NeWcastle 25 .. ''/'"3‘:4 to
..
'r
Ditto, New. 5 .•• 15 -;t, Jo,' /
to
Ditto, Preference...
York and North Midland
Ditto, Half Shares - ~t
•
o
25 •••• ••• /
Ditto, Scarboro' Branch - •''' to 01
SG " • 1
Ditto, Selby.. . - „.:,' to
20 .... . 3
Ditto, Extenilon' ' - • 1
I 0.1
. " '
Ditto,
.. Preference
Ditto Last
and West Riding ..„••
..
Extension-
' S.
, • 0 , /
Anglo-Belgian 4 •••••• -- ..".. to /
. ......1...,'„ to FOREIGN RAIL.. . ° /
•
Barbadoes ••••-• ........ 1 ......
___. „ /
Belgian Eastern Junction... 2% •••••• 41",.." to
13oulogn e and Amiens l6 ...... 1 ••••••
Bordeaux and and Mediterranean 2 ......
Bordeaux, Toulouse, & Cette /
(Macktnzie's) to /
Bordeaux, Toulouse, & Cette •••• t''/
( Espelete's)
Calais, Dunk, & W. Flanders 2 ...... -'''. ••••' to
Calcutta& Diamond Harbour 7s. ..... ,••• to /
Callao, Lima, & Pacific Coast I .•••• • lt.i At.' 10 /
Central-of Spain
Ceylon
~. ,0
53. ...... •• , /
Demerdea. - ••• to
21/2 .....
_.- •• , , /
Dendre Valley
Direct Bombay and Madras ss. •••• • -7",,i,:iY', 10 /
Dutch .Rhenish 6 .••••• •"'' 10 0 /
--- • t
East Indian ... .
~.. •"' , /
Fampoux and Hazebrouk 4 ......
....., „••• tO /
Great Indian Peninsular
Great Western Bengal ss. ...... ••• t° /
Great Western Canada -
'. - ... to
3%4 •''''' - • /
Italian and Austrian
Jamaica S. Midland Junction 1 .• ••'
,„... " • /
Jersey
Louvain a la Sambre
...... ~..' to /
„..- ~ Luxembourg
..... •••• 0
.
Lyons and Avignon 2 to /
Madras
Madras, Nellore, and Arcot % ......
_.••• " /
Madrid and Valentia
Mauritius
••• I/• '' t° /
Namur and Liege 8 ••• 10/1 ,••
Nn. of France Constituted
... 5 •....... -- •':.• ` /
North, Jamaica 1 ....
....... ;•,_. , ,
Orleans and Vierzon
Orleans and Bordeaux ...
...„..
,••• , t° /
Over Yssel 413 s 4d•••• " .riii"..,• to /
.. „.• to /
Paris and Lyons Constituted 5 .... -- .•
.. . to
Paris and Orleans... 2O .... ...- • ,to /
Paris and Rouen .. 2O ..... ~- ' ' /
•••' to
Paris & Strasbg. Constituted 5 • •"'' -- '. ,• o /
Rouen and Havre 20 ...... 4',1.t".., •,0 /
10 • .... -- '... ' /
Sambre and Meuse
•• to
Strasburg and Bale ll .... ...- •'',.•
St. Laurence and Atlantic — ...... --- . ,to 5
'fours & Nantes Constituted 5 .....
„.. to
Tournay, Jurbise, Landen, --- „.." to
...--, and Hasselt - •
~•
Trinidad.. . ..... .. ... 21/ .... -• ' _ /

/
te
..,...
0 ..... '''

, -
West Flanders
AI". •.‘. i 0
JOINT STOCK 13 /
Australasia
British North American 50 ...... •
to
Colonial
Commercial of London
•
London Joint Stock
London and Westminster 2O ...... "' to/
National Provincial of Engld 35 ...... ••• to
National of Ireland 224 .....
Provincial of Ireland
Union of Australia
Union of London lO .....
MINES.
Real del Monte, Unregistered
0-1-"
(11
LLOYD'S SHIPPING''

to ~

o'l
LONDON, Nov. 10.---4.-------Wind E., fresh breez :115terbl-Lois,
e,
weather. ci,i• 8, f ° 00,
jiEAiCo.
c.; 9.—Wind E., fresh.--P—ijornsY° stew
stun, Grenada; Ajax, St. Thomas ; 9, )rid
s'
Isionm.—
China; Gladiator, Bunting, New Yor7.,
__Of,
Constantinople,POßTSMOUTH, NO7'. 9.--Wind E.N.-60(1,----
OFF PL '
HoYLE, Nov. B.—Wind E.—lkrr.....d.
Lle'roapnosiidt, set ebair
de:3,ft!
et iboelco,reaj•
tioehboe7oo,e
DARTMOUTH, Nov. 9. Wind E. w'ni•baSo'ogvb)lB,l4
Oporto, with loss of mainmast head, i‘e•,', Baddeli: 104
at by a Portuguese frigate. Sid. 9, nivali, Arr,':4 Ce'
-G, fres k• „fib w,
PLYMoUTH, Nov 9.--Wind ..., if.vao"--,iall, Le
M‘Neillage, Singapo.re ; James Gro)c,..`e`t-ou for 0,0, 7, 01
OFF FALMOUTH, Nov. 7.—Tyro, j' fresh'-- 11, illlg
PENZANCE Nov. B.—Wind 0., ,fovie' fit
Steinkin, Baltimore for Bremen; 11.Yrn—'
Olive Branch, Miramichi for Stockton. 5.011.,-...MlcittO,
BRISTOL, Nov. 9.—Wind S.E., fresh.
~eb
Thorpe, Batavia; Fingalton, Quebec : c., ditte' 0, Wye;
Ina Dell, Jamaica ;__ St. Vincent, FurlVd. Tyre°, tor
SWANSEA, Nov. 9.—Wind E.S.E. _,:cluebe.,,es.,
~.,
Muzlnuls, Nov. 6.—Arrd. Arab, 4,e0" for SiAL'ciorolb
cawl. 7. Affiance Spencer, Valparait;eohis, ,i.
,00.,
ABERYSTWITII, 9Nov. 5.--Sid• -EuP Dos- 0
John's, New Brunswick. protbers;l4oo,l3o
BEA UMARIS, Nov. 6.—Sld. Baring Arrcl. ,'` s'ei(,,erfo
LivEnpOoL, Nov. 9.—Wind 5.1';•;-t. join) e:o ; AL,',oiit
Honduras; Mary Campbell, Berger, '.4jolibncei: si,l. 9Ad
Qwiucekbe;cllßomraazsilifiana,npdafokredab, Ilaner,l);retic., toiii3oyde:f gobile;
0100
Kelly, few Orleans; Lady Alilton, e, Pe
Lodge, Joy, Charleston. A g AO, rat° be' 1
LANCASTER, Nov. 7.—A.rrw .-.• ;, aae ,oro
Isabella, Berraill, Quebec. . Helen, pouPi I'Sr°l‘: Ile
MArtyrowi, Nov. 7.—Arra. _. /. Arrc.%.,ieflu
DUBLIN, NOV. 8 —Wind S/v;,„a'ob, 111' „oe%
Dunlop, Quebec. Sid. Union A"
ar.S7 (4 I,CIII.
Fletcher, ditto.
Nov6.—Arrd. .0 ,_ __---, ,ovi, _ ies,O
ry ttenbani, .v1,,,111001,P.:'.
Coax, Nov. 7.--Arrd. Ari,stoti;Tiiiiaro,
7.,:jovi ()tr.,
ow
Marshall, Richebucto. SW. bea,lory An% 0311,
Elizabeth; Cape of Good Hope Cygnet, 13re
DONEGAL, NOV. 6.--Alrd•
NOW BrUngINVICk•