The Sun.
London, England, 1848-08-21 00:00:00

21, 1848.

THE sURRECTION OF JUNE.
We published on Saturday the evidence of M. Arng(,
respecting tho outbreaks in Paris in the months of May
and June. The first volume issued by the Commission
d'Enquate, consists of no less than 370 closely printed
pugei, containing the evidence given by the very men
who took so prominent a part in the transactions which
gave rise to the investigation. The testimony thus
made public throws a broad light on the insurrection
of June, its causes, and the objects to which it was
directed.
TESTIMONY OF M.-CARLIER, DIRECTOR OF POLICE
TO MINSTRY OF THE INTERIOR.

In my quality of Chief of the Police of the Ministry of the
Interior, 1 know many facts relative to the events concern-
ing which you arc instituting an inquiry. It is not always
as an ocular witness that I depose to these facts, but as
having learnt them in the course of my functions. It will
be, then, easy to control what I say.'' After these observa-
tions, the witness deposed thus :—When he was called to
the Ministry of the Interior, he immediately saw he was
placed between three or four fires. On the 14th and 15th,
he warned M. Carteret of the movement of the 16th of April,
organized by Barbes, Blanqui, and Ledru Rollin. This
latter was to be named dictator. Blanqui, for his part, had
even the secret design of assassinating part of the Provi-
sional Government. M. Ledru Rollin did not dare to pro-
ceed to extremities. At midnight he caused M. Lamartine
to be found, and revealed to him what he knew. On the '
night of the 15th to the 16th, 51. Carteret did not sleep at
the ministry. At ten o'clock on Sunday morning, the wit-
ness saw M. ledru Rollin go out by the Rue-Hillerin-Bertin.
He was very agitated, and said to him, " this must be
drowned in a movement of the National Guard, and they are
going to beat the rappel." Cartridges had been distributed
on the eve at the Prefecture. On the 17th it was proposed
to arrest Blanqui. The witness urgently demanded it. M.
Carteret said yes, and that M. Caussidiere did not dare to do
it. .The witness asked that power should be granted to him
for two hours, and he promised to arrest him. No effects
followed from this; either they did not wish, or did not dare
to prosecute. ,Montagnards have told the witness that they
did wrong to sift this business to the bottom.

April 23, day of the elections.—The members of the Pro-
visional Government had agreed to vote for each other. The
witness was astonished at the measures taken at the minis-
try. yearly 500,000 lists, like those shown, were drawn up.
They went forth from the cabinet of M. Ledru•Rollin, and
were paid for by the Ministry. During the night of the 26th
to the 27th, some of the Montagnards on service about M.
Ledru-Rollin, at the ministry of the interior, posted up on
yellow paper an incendiary proclamation, which came from
the cabinet of the Minister. Three were arrested by Na-
tional Guards, and conducted to the Prefecture of Police,
but were immediately released. It was wished to make the
wounded vote. On Sunday, the day of the election, Villain,
not finding M. Ledru- Rollin at the Ministry, showed to wit-
ness copies which he had of the definitive constitution of the
Society of the " Droits de I'Homme," and said to him that,
in an hour's time, there would be a perfect understanding
between them and the Prefecture ; he announced that they
had 15,000 men, that M. Ledru-Rollin was their protector
and their protege, and that if their affair had failed on the
16th, it was because they were not completely organized.
The witness informed M. Carteret of this next day, and he
said that villain was a madman, and that M. Ledru-Rollin
entirely rejected his projects.
May 4.—M. Ledru-Rollin, on leaving the Ministry of the
Interior, after the 4th of May, had so arranged as to remain
master of the Ministry, by making M. Carteret under-secre-
tary of state, and M. Panisse chief of the division of general
surety. Nothing was communicated to M. Escort. From
the day of M. Recurt's entry to the Ministry of the Interior,
till the 16th of May, the day when M. Caussidiere resigned,
M. Recurt did not see him once and did not hear any one
speak about him. From the 4th May to the 14th notice was
given to the minister of the fury of the clubs against the Na-
tional Assembly. The witness thought that at former epochs
Barbes, Villain, and others, had relations with M. Ledru-
Rollin. At each conference the violence of the clubs in-
creased. The witness demanded why they did not take
measures against the clubs. M. Louis Blanc likewise came
to M. Ledru-Rollin's near midnight. After the sittings of
the clubs there were meetings at the Prefecture of Police.
THE INVASION.
The Ministry was warned on the 14th, and was much
alarmed. During the night the informations were completed
by the witness. It was proposed to force an entry into the
National Assembly, in order to read an address in favour of
Poland. In the clubs they had indicated those charged to
distribute arms, particularly Sobrier. The witness spoke of
measures to take—the Minister hesitated. He offered to
seize Blanqui, immediately to destituate M. Caussidiere, to
make a regiment occupy the prefecture of police, and to
cause the generale to be beat. The witness went to M.
Carteret, who was in bed, to repeat the same advice. They
said that measures would be taken. The questor, M. Bu-
reaux de Puzy, was warned. He pointed out to him two
agents given by M. Caussidere, against whom he should be
on his guard. They were replaced by M. Yon and another.
M. Caussidiere forbad M. Yon to go there, saying that he
would furnish other agents. M. Yon came; but witness was
told that other agents, Bertoglio and Dussart, in concert
with M. Courtais, would prevent the troops doing their
duty, and would facilitate the entry of the palace of the
Assembly to the i:meutiers. These were agents of M. Caus-
sidiere.

Night of the 14th to 15th ,May. Letter of M. Causal-
diere to the Under-Secretary of State, though there was a
Minister. This letter is deposited. It was not communi-
cated to the Minister. It was proposed to organise for the
morrow. On the evening of the 15th M. Carteret was out;
witness remained alone at the Ministry, without Minister or
Under. Secretary of State. The evil came on the one hand,
from the organization of the ateliers nationaux, and on the
other from the consequences of that organization. The agi-
tations in the street, that produced by the planting of the
trees of liberty, that of the lampions, and in fact all the others,
were derivedfrom a system premeditated by M. Caussidiere.
These agitations were paid for by the funds of the prefecture
of police. Towards the 3d of April the forty-eight commis-
saries of police, M. Caussidiere made them an eulogium on
the Red Republic, and told them that their enemies were the
bourgeois; that if they did not go on properly it would be
necessary to bring the lucifer matches into requisition to
teach them reason, and to burn Paris, so as not to leave a
stone on a stone. The forty-eight commissaries were
frightened—it made their hair stand on end.
OttGANIZATION OF THE NATIONAL WORKSHOPS.
It was a thing hostile to the regular authority. At first it
was not known how they were recruited. It was soon found
out that they were called from the provinces. The delegates
of the national workshops formed a formidable mass, on
which Louis Blanc rested. The emeute • e the Porte St.
Martin must be attributed to them. Each corps had its
comite. The superior comite consisted of M. Viagard, pre-
sident, of two others (Lefort and Julien), besides Lagarde
(secretary of a committee of the Luxembourg), presided over
by M. Louis Blanc. The emit& made the ouvriers leave
their workshops, and sent them to the ateliers nationaux,
in order to obtain the pay, to ruin the Treasury, to paralyse
commerce, and to bring a catastrophe on the state. There
were four kinds of government. The first was that of M.
Louis Blanc and M. Albert, who wanted Communism ; the
second, that of M. Ledru-Rollin, who wanted the Red
Republic and Terror; the third, that of M. de Lamartine,
who wished to keep well with all parties and conciliate
them, and wko imagined that he would obtain that result by
his eloquence; and, fourthly, that of MM. Arago, Marie,
Garnier Pages, and Marrast, who represented the moderate
party. For five weeks the witness had demanded that the
foreign labourers, of whom there were 25,000 or 30,000,
should be sent away in parties of 2,000 at a time. He
thought that of the 25,000 liberated convicts in France, at
least 12,500 were then in Paris, and no means had been found
to get them away.
The condition of Paris is very bad. The merchants have
received very important orders, but they cannot find work-
men to execute them. The witness was told this by many of
them, and mentioned their names.
M. Pages, of No. 5, Rue Marcel, one of the most dis-
tinguished merchants of Paris, will give many particulars.
There was mention made of him in the first evidence of the
witness.

At Lyons the thing was made more abominable. The
Government, in the place of one franc, had given three
francs in the ateliers for the making of scarfs. When orders
came somewhat later for three to four millions, the work-
men exacted three francs, and they succeeded ; however,
the market was not able to execute the orders, and so it was
given to Zurich. This information respecting Lyons is

The Commerce complained to the Ministry, and said that
they should not grant three francs. They granted them. That
fur which the Government paid three francs formerly brought
one franc and twenty-five centimes. The manufactured article
sold for three francs in the trade.
ATELIERS.

Louis Blanc preserved them in order to make them a So-
cialist element—Ledru Rollin, in order to make them an
element dictatorial—Emile Thomas desired to preserve them
in their proper station—the Luxembourg paralysed his good
intentions. Favourable information respecting Emile Thomas
and the twelve superior chiefs of the Ateliers.
From the very first the disputes in the Luxembourg were
manifest. It was not possible to perceive the good influence
of Emile Thomas until towards the 15th of April.
All had influences acted silently and dividedly upon ordi-
nary occasions. Whenever there was an emeute they united.
The witness appeared certain that the old political parties
had nothing to say in the whole affair. The Bonapartist sec-
tion were nothing; they only desired to have a name, in
order to make an opposition.
The witness said so daily to the Minister of the Interior.
The commission were warned of the fact. They appeared to
doubt the exactitude of his opinions. They have since ac-
knowledged that he was right.
Caussidiere played a very cautious game, but one cannot
doubt that he acted entirely on his own behalf.
ORGANIZATION OF THE POLICE OF PARIS.

This police had a dozen or fifteen hundred agents. It was
badly organized—so much so that it could not act usefully.
Added to that, there were four different bodies of police in
Paris, from whence it followed that their reports were often
contradictory. The Minister of the Interior, wearied by this
confusion, at last finished by saying that it was useless to
address reports from the police to the Luxembourg, and that
he would communicate to an executive commission, or those
officers in whom he placed confidence. The four bodies of
police were, Ist, that of the Prefecture; 2d, that of the Exe-
cutive Commission ; 3d, that of the Mayor of Paris ; 4th
that of the Minister of the Interior. The witness gave an
extract from a report of the 12th of Juno, upon the banquet
for 25c. The witness pointed out the means by which the
Minister could assure himself whether the Legitimists were
really compromised in the banquet for 25c., by making
searches at the houses of each of them. That was not ap-
proved of. The question was concerning a subscription of
bank-notes for 251. each. The movement of June took place
before the hurt appointed. The blow was intended to be
struck upon tl ie 14th of July. It was hastened by reason of
the disorganization of the ateliers nationaux. In terrmntatthg
c
his deposition, the witness added that he bad been questioned
before respecting the privilege of a theatre, for.
the
of which they had suspended proceedings for
damages
ana obtaining
ames gSanson
com-
menced against M. Ledru Rollin.
(of Blois) would be able to give informMaistl. ionnupu on this matter
which was not in the possession of tilt? witness._
M. DE LAMARTINE,
ENT (JULY 5).
VISIONAL GOVERNM
MEMBER OF TIIE PRO-
Facts are connected together ' political order in the same
lum, 25th of February a fact c
manner as in moral order.
fact, an excess. It seemed
produced itself, and, besideOtbnatt
to some men that the proclamation of the Republic should
carry away more than a.throne—that is to say,
This
was entire society.
imagined as the sign of this idea.
was repelled, b ut not
The red flag was
extinguished ; not completely absorbed
in the mass of the people. On the 17th of March, the Na-
tional Guard, • which till then existed only in a latent state,
manifested its ,elf. The next day, or the day after that, a
more violent counter-manifestation for a Parisian Republic,
in place of a National Republic; 20(1,00 men wished
• to impose the law upon the Provisional Government ;
the latter repelled these measures with energy. On the
16th of April a Communist movement was threatened.
I was Warned at five o'clock in the morning of what
passed in t he clubs—of the substituting a Committee of
Public Safety in place of the Provisional Government. I
sent notice separately to the friends 1 had in the National
Guard. It. was then in the state of a problem. M. Ledru
ca me to me in the morning. He was very animated.
" We are going to be attacked by 120,000 men," he said to
• me, " At 140 head of whom are 20,000 armedn>,eg belongingto

the clubs." He informed me of the offers that had been made to
him—of the design entertained of excluding me as well as
several of my colleagues. 1 said to him, " Minister of the
Interior, you have the right of beating the rappel. If there
exist by chance a National Guard in Paris we are saved."
M. Ledru Rollin unhesitatingly accepted this proposition,
and went out to order the rappel to be beat. I hastened to
Duvivier's. 111 y project was to assemble a few battalions of
the Garde Mobile around the Hotel de Ville, and, with Ge-
neral Changarnier, to resist there till death, hoping that the
National Guard would make use of their arms to save Paris.
lluvivier seized my design. He had admirably understood
that force the Garde Mobile, which I had created on a piece
of grey paper, at the Hotel de Ville. " Where are there any
cartridges?" said he to me. I thought that there were some
at the Etat Major of the National Guard. M. Courtais
showed himself very loyal. lat last went to the Hotel de
Ville. At this moment General Changarnier came to
join me. He made his military arrangements, and we
awaited the manifestation. Two young men bad been
dispatched to the banlieue to give notice. At last, after
some painful moments of waiting, the 12th Legion
appeared on the bridge, and crying out " Vive la R6pub-
lique," the armed force rose to life again, the Moderate Re-
public was saved. The berineue showed itself in its turn.
All was drowned in immense movement of the National
Guards, to the repeated cries of " Vive la Republique!" On
the 15th of May, it must be confessed, we were deceived by
the unskilfulness of the chiefs of the public force. It was al-
ways the same spirit, the same tendency. The point here,
too, was to confiscate the Republic to the profit ef a violent
party, who wished to push things to extremities. For others
this was an essay at intimidation. The armed sections, the
great categories of the seditious of Paris did not play here the
leading par*. More importance than he deserves will have
been given before you to Blanqui—a monomanical conspira-
tor, an artist in plotting. Barbes came to my house ; he
called me his saviour. He did not attach an extreme value
to Blanqui. Blanqui did not influence more than sixty men
in Paris. He is a signal. He took the head on the 15th of
May ; but, to speak truly, the chiefs were not there. Barbes
was caught in a trap about the popularity of Blanqui. The
proof of the little popularity of Blanqui is that the other
clubs had resolved to assassinate him. To sum up, having
observed, as I have done for four months, the tendencies of
all sorts for the suppression of the National Assembly, I
think I may say that nothing serious has been perceived in
the armed sections—in the statesmen of the Republique
exaggeree. The movement of the 23d of June was quite
spontaneous. The agitation of the ateliers nationaux had
two causes—the Government money, economized in the sav-
ings bank for civil war; and then communism, which laid
hold of them, and made nse of them for the insurrection. As
to the part played by the Executive Commission, as for my
part of the reeponsibility, I have not wished to speak about
it. Ido not wish to bring personalities forward in so fright-
ful a catastrophe. Recriminations would have been repug-
nant to my nature. It is not a month since orders were given
to General Cavaignac to surround the National Assembly with
troops, and not to count on the National Guards, except as a
reserve, as a moral support, as a magnificent supplement of
forces. There were at that time only 6,500 troops in Paris. It
was agreed that 26,000 troops of the line should be quartered
in Paris. We had 16,000 Garde Mobiles, 2,500 Gerdes Repub.
licaines, and 2,000 Gardiens de Paris. I required, moreover,
15,000 men in the immediate neighbourhood of Paris. This
made them 60,000 men, independent of the National Guard,
and I judged this force more than sufficient to repress any
insurrectionary movement. I have beset General Cavaignac
with my observations in this respect. For the moral state I
demanded a series of repressive laws—laws against the press,
laws against attroupements. We were unanimous in the
Executive Commission to demand these measures from the
National Assembly. It seemed to me that the National
Assembly was menaced by two dangers, the ateliers no-
tionaux and a Bonapartist movement. I then considered
how to protect the National Assembly if it had been forced
to quit Paris, and I wished that 20,000 men of the army of
the Alps should be held disposable. I insisted more than
my colleagues on the execution of these measures. I was
very much astonished at the few troops which were in
Paris. I do not accuse General Cavaignac, whose high
military reputation and loyalty are above all attack ; but
1 must indeed say that there was something in the ad-
ministration of the Ministry of War which did not answer
to our confidence. I had proposed to carry the bar-
ricades before night, and to make a desperate effort ;but
the absence of troops prolonged the contest. From all that
1 have said, it follows that in the diverse manifestations and
insurrections, the same intentions have shown themselves;
but you, gentlemen, political men, making an inquiry for the
present and for the future, you must remark and cause to be
remarked, that everything produced itself in an isolated man-
ner. Each fraction of the anarchical party Las always acted
separately, and it is that which has given us the victory.
The dissolution of the ateliers natinaux seems to me to secure
it infallibly for the future.

STATE OF CENTRAL EUROPE.
The German Sovereigns submit with the best grace
they can to their changed circumstances. On his way
to the Rhine, the King of Prussia stopped at Magdeburg,
and it was proposed to read an address to him. The
Minister Von Auerswald, who accompanied hire, re-
quired a copy of the document, and seeing that it em-
braced disputed political points, declined to allow it to
be read, stating that as a constitutional monarch the King
could now express no opinion upon such matters pub-
licly, except with the advice of his Ministers. A good
impression has been made on the money market by the
journey to Cologne, and the apparent good understand-
ing which subsists between the King and the Archduke
John. In Bavaria there is less heartiness, and he
Minister of War has tendered his resignation, being of-
fended at what he calls degrading the line by recognising
the privileges of the recently augmented national guard.
The Prussian Ministry have completely met the wishes of
the people on this point, and have even engaged that the
new armed police intended to keep order at Berlin shall
be carefully watched and controlled in the exercise of
their duty.
The King of Hanover is the only one of the larger
sovereigns who did not celebrate the 6th August with
apparent cheerfulness. He is reported to have said
that the unity of Germany was not to be founded upon
forms and demonstrations, but upon a mutual good un-
derstanding between its component parts.
In the Slavonic nations there is great dissatisfaction,
although no outbreak is feared. Complaints are made
from Posen that the Advocate Krauthofer-Krotowski is
kept in strict arrest, although his comrade was allowed to
go to Paris. As has too often been the case with poli-
tical prisoners, the severity of his treatment and the un-
healthiness of his place of confinement are said to have
ruined M. Krauthofer's health and to have affected his
brain. It is singular that such things should be to-
lerated. From Bohemia we learn that the parties im-
prisoned after the bombardment of Prague have mostly
been released, no charge of a conspiracy being sus-
tained by any proof. A few are retained to be tried by
the ordinary tribunals for rioting, and the arms taken
from the National Guard have been restored. The
Vienna authorities seem anxious to throw the fearful
exploits of Prince Windischgratz as much as possible
into the shade. A far bolder step has been taken by
the Bohemian Germans than the Slavonians attempted;
the Germans having called a congress at Toplita to
debate upon the measures to be adopted by
them in case their wishes are not carried through
in the Diet now assembled at Vienna. Amongst other
points, the way to effect a junction in commercial union
with the Zollverein is to be discussed, by which the
Germans undertake to anticipate the measures of the
Central Government on a master of foreign policy, a
piece of arrogance which the Slavonians avoided. From
Galicia and Hungary the accounts of the harvest are fa-
vourable, but it is stated that :the peasants refuse to get
in the crops, even when offered high wages. The spirit
of hostility between the 'endow ners and the agricultural
peasantry, roused by the PlieiXernich Cabinet, and per-
petuated since by the Austrian. Cabinet, bas totally de-
moralised a great portion of the empire, and threatens
to lead to melancholy results. A similar line et policy
is now adopted by the Russian invaders of Moldavia,
who have brought back with them the son of the Ilospo-
Oar, banished sometime since fc*r revolutionary excesses.
His first feat has been to excite the peasantry to set fire
to the standing crops of the Pell ice his father. Thisun-
justifiable aggression by Russia on a peaceable neigh-
bour is now confirmed in its full extent, and has excited
a great sensation both at Vienna and at Frankfort.

STATE OF TB E BALTIC.
A fleet of eight men-of-war Inas been cruising off the
island of Bornholm, which, by some, were supposed to
btu Rrssian, by others to be Sm -edish vessels, supporting
the Danish blockade of the Me eklenburgh and i'russiau
ports.
A communication from the I /apish captain blockading
Stralsund to the captain of a: a English merchantman,
signified that neutral vessels wou:d be allowed to dis-
charge into lighters which wert not adapted for use as
gun boats, and provided the u.n loading was effected by
the neutral crews. Since tit en it appears that the
Dune sent her boats into the ci twine' before Stralsund at
night, and cut out two rs which were lying at
anchor. An attempt has sin D a been made to get the
lighters which bring goods u p to Stralsund manned by
subjects of neutral powers.
A new Russian ship of the line, and a ichoober, have
arrived at Reisinger, from
.1 archangel. The number ot vessels wl den have passed the Sound
between Ist January and Ist July, 1845, is 6,174,
being less by 2,757 than in 1 ;847.
The material stipulation proposed in he new ar-
mistice between Denmark
t
Ind the s shall, p German
nfedera-
ending the ne-
tion is, that 4,000 Germanbt
.reeieo
Pwhile the Danes occupy
the island of Aisen.
gutiations, occupy the Dula%
I obnoxious stipulation that
the Provisory Government;
Sis to abdicate itsot functions
within within fourteen days from t
remains as originally propos ed
A Goon E.NAMPLE.—J Che directors of the Citizen
-boats gave their annu, al entertainment on Saturday
masters and crews of twelve vessels. The boats
isatsetan to i
the
arrived at Battersea at half-p: wt six o'clock moored in -very
creditable order, and fired asa lute. On reaching the shore
a very pretty procession we: f formed, and, with band, and
innumerable flags flying, pi •oceeded to Cremorne-gardens,
where a substantial supper w as provided for them. Those
directors present tendered to them, on behalf of the whole
iceormtpbaeniryi,uttehreeisrtt,hanandkisufrotrbtet zceoaulrtwei;y hichantdhaeyttehnatdiodnistpoltaiic\eidr
passengers.
o,elEoseTkrtta
spßecatiailLlAiYa.
OPENING OF TUE VINDSOII, STAINES, AND
—On
left t Se atur
Waterloo-station,da,
eSioenvTenia
athalf peeasnt-
wining Captain Wynune, one the Government Inspectors
of Railways; Lucke, 111,1)° .., the engineer of the South-
W estern Company ; Mr. Lace y, the Chairman of the Wind-
sor and Staines Railway ; Mr , Stovin, the general manager
of traffic ; Mr. Brassev, th .e contractor of the Windsor
and Staines line ; and a number of the directors of
the new line. The object wf is two-fold—the inspection of
the continuation line from Ri. ihinond to Datchet, and the ad-
uiunal line of railway that we s some time since constructed
from the junction at Falcon-b ridge to the coke ovens at Nine
Lines, solely for the Richmo ad traffic, but which line has
hitherto not been made ave liable. The examination and
thorough testing both of this and the extension to Datchet
occupied seine hours, and rest it ed in the requisite certificate
being granted by Captain W ys nine. The line will accord-
ingly be opened on Tuesday , and fifteen trains will leave
Datchet for London daily. t_ tn Sundays there will be an
increase of four trains down, bof a decrease of one up. The
tares are not yet officially anno ,ced.
Last week an affray oci.,u rred at Nelson Court-
house, Virginia, between Clay tot fC. Harris, a lawyer, and
Ntryatt Hare, a wealthy citizen, of that place. It resulted in
Hare's shooting Harris dead. and immediately surrendering
a himself to thel4w.--AttO fork Gs ()stria and Enquirer.