The Sun.
London, England, 1846-09-15 00:00:00

the unfortunate peasantry the highest rack-rent that
can possibly be obtained. It would put an effectual
stop to all improvement save those effected at the
public expense. Very little, if any, additional la-
bour would be thereby employed ; the same labourers
now occupied would be paid a portion of their wages
therewith ; practically the entire difference of inte-
rest would go into the pcckets of the landlords—
they, and they only, would be benefited. A more
simple and proper way of escaping the difficulty
offers itself. Why should those persons who are
placed in such difficulties retain the lands in their
own hands ? There is ample capital throughout the
country for the purchase of any lands that may be
offered for sale. Why should those persons NNho are
unable to improve their lands—who cannot give em-
ployment—still retain them ? Why do they not
dispose of them to those who both could and would
develop their capabilities to the fullest extent ? If
there must be an interference by the State, it may be
to compel the sale of any estate or property the
amount of encumbrances affecting which exceed a
given proportion of the estimated value. This, in
Ireland, can be immediately ascertained by simple
searches; and, objectionable as such interference on
the part of the State with private property must ever
be, circumstances may arise as to render it not
merely expedient, but absolutely necessary.

Count SOLAR DE LA MARGARITA, the Sardinian
Minister of Foreign Affairs, arrived at Rome on the
3d instant. The Count, who is a great partisan of
the Jesuits, but who is opposed to the Austrian domi-
nation in Italy, comes on a private mission from King
CARLO ALBERTO to the POPE.

Madrid papers to the Bth have been received.
With the exception of the Herald°, they all con-
tinue to protest most vehemently against the MONT-
PENSIER marriage. In commenting on the observa-
tions of the Herald() on the correspondence which
has taken place between Mr. BULWER and Senor
ISTURITZ, the Tiempo says :
" Nothing can be more ridiculous than the late asser-
tions of M. Isturitz, in his reply to the note of Mr.
Bulwer, as reported by the Heraldo. Is the opinion of
England to be consulted on the question of the marriage
of our Queen ? Why not ? Is that of France, also ?
Who can doubt it ? The difficulty, the evil, is not to
hear those opinions, but to obey them blindly as the
slave obeys his master. To dare to say to England that
she has not a deliberative voice on the question ! Might
it be said that the same has been done towards France,
and that the Spanish Government has closed its ears to
her advice and to her orders ? Such, nevertheless, are
our statesmen !"

The Eco del Comercio publishes the petition ad-
dressed to the Constitutional QUEEN against the mar-
riage. It commences by congratulating her MA-
JESTY on the,- choice she has made of her husband in
Don FRANCISCO D'Assls, one of the candidates
pointed out by public opinion, but it deplores that the
satisfaction caused to the nation by that happy news
should be marred by the announcement of theinar-
nage of the immediate heir to the Crown with a
French Prince. It then goes on to show that the
Duke DE MONTPENSIER is incapable of aspiring to the
hand of the Infanta of SPAIN, and argues in favour
of that opinion on the treaty of Utrecht, and the re-
nunciation of Plume V., for himself and his de-
scendants, of any right to the succession to the
throne of France, and of a similar renunciation of
all the branches of the Royal Family of France to
the throne of Spain. The actual political consti-
tution of Spain also forbids the KING and his imme-
diate successor from contracting
_any marriage with
a- person excluded by the law, and, consequently,
that the union of the Duke DE MONTPENSIER
with the INFANTA cannot take place without a
violation of a law of the kingdom, and of an
article of the constitution. After setting forth
these considerations, founded on the ancient
laws, and on the actual constitution of Spain,
the Eco adds that the feeling of the nation re-
jects the Duke DE MONTPENSIER. It deplose the
state of humiliation into which has fallen that
Spain so powerful a century and a half ago, which
discovered America, took possession of Africa,
invaded Asia, and was respected by all the nations
of the earth. The manners, the customs, the
government, the laws, and even the language of
Spain have, it says, submitted to the influence of
France ; in the eyes of some bad Spaniards nothing
is good but what comes from the banks of the Seine,
and they only aspire to make of Spain a satellite to
the French planet. It is time that a vigorous hand
should oppose itself to this torrent which threatens to
invade the country. The Eco afterwards explains
the motives which cause the aversion which good
Spaniards bear towards France, by noticing the war
of French invasion, and the persecutions to which
Spanish Liberals have been subjected by the new
Government of France. The Eco concludes by call-
ing on all good Spaniards to affix their signatures to
the petition, pointing out the places where they may
do so. This petition has already received 15,000 sig-
natures in Madrid, and the Liberals of Seville have
signified their adhesion to its principles.
The Herald° contains a reply to the arguments
against the marriage based on the treaty of Utrecht,
and replies that England herself was the first to
annul the treaty by refusing to receive Spanish
sugars. We may, therefore, thank the avarice of our
protectionists, the absurd Quixotism of some of " Les
amis des Noirs," and the pliancy of Lord ABERDEEN
in giving way to the union of folly with hypocrisy
and covetousness for these complications, from the
whole of which we should have escaped if the prin-
ciples of common sense" had been in the ascendant
in the years 1844 and 1845.
The Espectaddr, the Clamor Publico, and the Eco
del Comercio of the Bth were all seized cn account
of their observations on Mr. BULWER'S note.

The Bolsa was closed on the Bth, as it was the fete
of the nativity of the Virgin.

We have received the Paris papers of Sunday.
The following appears in the Moniteur :
" The journals had announced last year the depar-
ture of M. KLEIN on a mission from the French and
English Company of the Isthmus of Panama, to the
effect, of presenting to the Government of New
Grenada the draught of a treaty for the concession
and opening of a communication between the two
oceans. M. KLEIN has returned from his mission, and
arrived at Bogota with a copy of the treaty, and of
the conditions of the contract for the execution of a
railroad across the Isthmus of Panama, debated
between him and a commissioner appointed ad hoc
by the President of the Republic. This project,
duly signed by the commissioner of the Government,
has been officially communicated to the company.
The latter and the Republic have now only to re-
gulate certain points, which, from their good under-
standing and consideration of mutual interest, they
will speedily arrange.
The MONTPENSIER marriage appears to be quite as
unpopular with the Liberal party in France as it is
with that in Spain. The following from the Na-
tional will give our readers an idea of the light in
which this union is viewed by the French Republi-
cans :

marriage
ei hn asotvfaentrth.e
ec e
Tipv
heuedk
eisrervdi etear lnoe
nte ttape
caused
ssnesfdireorbmyb Aet Ichaoedmpr ierdso
ede
vac
ett
ree3dd
the .
m
day greater. The famous Count Trapani was never
more unpopular than is now the King of the French.
A great freedom of conversation reigns in all the places
of public resort, and public opinion is very openly and
loudly manifested. Numerous groups assembled on
the evening of the 6th. which openly railed against M.
Brecon, the French Ministers, and the project which
has caused such strong reprobation. A petition hav-
ing for its object to demand of the Queen not to accom-
plish the marriage, was put into circulation, and in less
than five hours received 15,000 signatures. This is a
very rare fact in that country, and may be considered
as of a very expressive signification. The Progressista
party at Seville has held a meeting and has sent to
Madrid an energetic adhesion to the protest v‘hich ap-
peared in the journals of the capital some days since.
All the letters agree in stating that the opposition in the
approaching meeting of the Cortes will declare itself
strongly against the marriage of the Infanta. Deputies
of the Moderado party are spoken of as having pledged
themselves to oppose the project with all their energy ;
and there is little doubt but that the presence of
Narvaez will still more increase the public anger.
The Ministers appear to have foreseen this, for they
have appointed M. Miraflores President of the Senate, a
post said to have been reserved for the butcher of Va-
lencia. The great hopes of parties rest on the future
conduct of England. On this subject a letter which we
have before us contains the following news, which ap-
pears to us very curious, and the writer is likely to be well
informed :—' Queen Christina paid a visit without cere-
mony and incognito to Mr. Bulwer, at Carabanchel.
Whatever may have been said, and Whatever she may
have said to France, the marriage of her daughter to
Don Francisco does not please her, and she would
readily abandon .he second marriage if a means could
be found to prevent the first. After sbi4 interview Mr.