The Sun.
London, England, 1846-12-14 00:00:00

LONDON, MONDAY EVENING SUN!
DECEMBER 14, 1846.

No. 16,922.

ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION.
BY PERMISSION.-PROFESSOR
SCH(ENBEIN'S GUN COTTON, differing from all other spe-
cimens recently before the public, is LECTURED on, witk other ex-
plesive compounds, by Dr. RYAN, daily at Half-past Three ; and on
the evenings of Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays.
The principle of the EL PCTRIC TEL P:GRAPN DEMONSTRA-
TED, by Professor RACHHOFFNER. In the OXT HYDROGEN
MICROSCOPE is exhibited specimens of the DISEASED POTATOE,
showing Cuttings of the Tubers rnd Leaves, together with the
DES rRUCTIVE INSECT, supplied by A. Smee, F.X.S. The PRY-
SIOSCOPE, DIVING LXPERIME );TS, the DISSOLVING VIEWS,
y Charles Smith, &c.
Admission le. Schools, half-price.

ETHIOPIAN SERENADERS.
ST. JAMES'S THEATRE.
The celebrated Ethiopian Serenaders, Pell, Harrington, White,
Stanwood, and Germon, whose entertainments last season at the
St. James's Theatre were so eminently seccessful, and whose recent
performances in the Provinces have been attended with unexampled
success, will have the honour of resuming their entertainments at the
above theatre on TUESDAY EVENING, Dee. 15, and of continuing
the same every Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday evenings, during
the Christmas holidays.
The public is respectfully cautioned that the Songs and Melodies,
as sung by the above party at the St. James's Theatre, are published
only at Mr. Mitchell's Library, ,33, Old Bond•street. None others
•re authLntle.
St. James's Theatre, Dec. 1, 1816.

MONSON'S ARMS, COMMERCIAL and
AGRICULTURAL INN, Won-STREET, LINCOLN.
JOHN INMAN begs most respectfully to return his best thanks to
his agricultural and commercial friends in particular, and to the
public in general, for the increased and iacrcasing support coeferrod
capon him ; and to merit which it will be his constant endeavour and
aremitting study.
Commercial gentlemen will at the Monson's Arras find accommo-
dation equal to any house, however celebrated for commercial resort
—an excellent commercial room, well aired beds, and good stabling.
Travellers by railway visiting the ancient city will receive every
attention.
An omnibus to and tram the railway station on the arrival and
parture of each train.
November 28, 1846. _ _

GEORGE HOTEL, DALE-STREET,
NEAR THE EXCHANGE, LIVERPOOL.
Families and Travellers staying or pa.ssiug through Liverpool, will
find the GEORGE HOTEL, from its contiguity to the Exchange, the
Docks, and the centre of business, the most comfortable and conve-
nient establishment in the town. It is excellently situated for the
sojourn of Passengers proceeding by the Halifax and Dublin Mail
Boats.
Night Porters are kept to attend upon visitors by the Railway
Trains. Lock-up Coach-houses
THOMAS CASTLE, Proprietor.

BIRKENHEAD DOCK COMMISSIONERS.
LOANS OF MONET.
The Birkenhead Dock Commissioners are ready to receive Loans
of Money for periods et five or seven years, under the autherity of
their Acts of Parliament, at the rate of 5 per cent. per annum. The
interest will be paid half-yearly, on the Ist of January and Ist of
July, in London or elsewhere, as the parties lending may prefer.
Sealed tenders, stating the amount and term of years for which the
money is proposed to be lent, to be addressed to the Commissioners,
endorsed "Tender for Loans."—Birkenhead, Sept. 21, 1846.
By order, RICHARD HIND, See.

PUBLICATIONS.

NEW CHRISTMAS BOOK BY MR. DICKENS.
On the 19th instant, will be published, price 55., small Eivo.,
THE BATTLE OF LIFE.
A LOVE STORY.
By CHARLES DICKENS.
The Illustrations by Daniel Macßae, B.A. ; Clarkson Staunch,
ILA.; John Leech; and Richard Doyle.
London : Bradbury and• Evans, Whitefriars.

ALISON'S HISTORY OF EUROPE.
r FILE FIRST VOLUME of the NEW EDI-
TION of TIIE HISTORY OF EUROPE will be published,
and copies delivered to the Trade on SeTnansy, the 19th instant.
Specimens of the Work may now be had of all Booksellers in town
or country.
37, Paternoster-row, London, Dec. 11, 1846.

Mit. DEMPSTER'S ORIGINAL BALLAD
SOIREES.
Mr. DEMPSTER, Composer of the " Lament of the Irish Emi-
grant," " Blind Boy," " May Queen," and other American Melo-
dies, has the honour to announce that his Finn MUSICAL EN-
TERTAINMENT will be given at the Princess's Concert-room,
Castle-street, Oxford-street, on WEDNESDAY EVETNING, 16th Decem-
ber, on which occasion he will sing a Selection from his own Com-
positions. To commence at Eight o'ciciek.
Tickets, is. 6d.; Reserved Seats, 2r. 6d.; Gallery, Is. To be had
at Duff and Hodson's, 65. Oxford-street ; the doors ; and of Mr.
Dempster, I I, Howard-street, Stand.

CAUTION TO MOTHERS.
MRS JOHNSON'S AMERICAN SOOTHING
-SYRUP.
This efficacious remedy has. been in general use for upwards co
Thirty Years, and has preserved numerous Children when suffering
from Convulsions arising from painful Dentition. As soon as the Syii•
151) is rubbed on the Uums, the Child will be relieved, the Gums
soled, and the inflammation reduced. It is as innocent as efficacious,
tending to produce the Teeth with case ; and so pleasant that so
Child will refuse to let its Gums be rubbed with it. I'arents should
be very particular to ask for JOHNSON'S AMERICAN SOOTHINei
SYRUP, and to notice that the names of Barclay and Sons, 95, Far-
cingdon-street, London (to whom Mrs. Johnson has sold the recipe),
are on the Stamp affixed to each Eon • Price 2s. 9d. per Bottle.

TO MR. PROUT, 229, STRAND, LONDON.
Doncaster, September 26th, 1844.
Sti,—The following particulars have been handed to us with a
request that they might be forwarded to you, with permission for
heir publication, if you should deem them worthy of such.
J. BROOKE and Co., Doncaster.
Elizabeth Brearley, residing in Duke-street, Doncaster, aged
tietween forty and fifty, was severely afflicted with Rheumatism, and
confined to her bed for a period of nearly two months, with scarcely
the power to lift her arm ; she was signally benefited after taking
two doses of BLAIR'S GOUT and RHEUMATIC PILLS, and after
finishing two boxes was quite recovered.'
The above recent testimonial is a turther proof of the great efficacy
of this valuable medicine, which is the most effective remedy for
Gout, Rheumatism, Sciatica, Lumbago, Tic Doloroux, Pains in the
Head and Face, often mistaken for tooth-ache, and for all Gouty and
'Rheumatic Tendencies.
It is also gratifying to have. permission to refer to the following
gentlemen, selected from a multitude o (others, whose station in
society has contributed to advance this popular medicine in public
esteem :—J. R. Mandan, Esq., Coroner, Doncaster; the Rev. Dr.
Blomberg ; the Chevalier de la Garde ; Mr. Miskin, brewer and
maltster, Dartford ; Mr. Richard Stone, Luton ; John J. Giles, Esq.,
Frimley ; Mr. Inwood, Perbright ; William Courtenay, Esq.,
Barton Stacey, near Andover Railway Station, Hants. ; all of whom
have received benefit by taking this medicine, and have allowed the
proprietor the privilege of publishing the same for the benefit of the
afflicted.
Sold by Thomas Prout, 229, Strand, London ; and by his appoint
ment by all respectable Medicine Vend hroughout the United
Kingdom. Price 2s. 9d. per box.
Ask for BLAIR'S GOUT AND RHEUMATIC PILLS, and observe
the name and address et "Thomas Prout, 229, Strand, Londoon,"
impressed upon the Government Stamp affixed Weseh box of the
genuine Medicine.

sponsibility of the property of tke country being first es-
tablished by a permanent law.
Various benefits would arise from such a law as this.
It would make it the interest of property and capital to
employ the people, and to make that employment repro.
ductive. It would force the co-operation of landlord and
tenant in the same object ; it would be a present expen-
diture for useful purposes, but create no future burden on
the country ; it would be a premium on residence, and
a tax upon absenteeism ; it would promote the exten-
sion of manufactures, as well as the improvement of
agriculture ; and all these things it would do by the
strongest of all practical stimulants,—the self-interest of
those who possessed the power and means of employment.
beeause the greater the number of people they employed
the less wouid be their tax.
But the Employment Act of the 9th and 10th Vic-
toria has directly opposite effects to those I have de-
scribed. It encourages lavish expenditure, by furnish-
ing the means for that expenditure without the control of
the present pressure of taxation ; and, as it is now acted
on in Ireland, it encourages the execution of works, from
which no profitable return can be expected, either to the
state or to individuals. The pressure of distress in-
duces the acceptance of the state money, without con-
sidering the effects which must be produced in the
swamping of property, and curtailing the means of
future improvement ; and, in many cases, I believeit is
grasped in the hope that it never will be demanded, or,
if demanded, that it will be paid by a discharge under
the Insolvent Act. Instead of stimulating enterprise, it
creates apathy in all classes, as regards the use of
their own meaus to give
employment or to advance
their condition. Landlords, tenants, merchants, all
classes, high and low, are looking for Government money
in one form or other ; not considering, and some not
expecting, that a day
.of reckoning is to come ; and thus
that: want of self-reliance and self-action, which is the
great fault of the Irish eharacter, is encouraged and per-
petuated. The applitation of British money, in this way,
is no boon to Ireland ; but it would be a boon to expend
it in useful public works, which would make a return of
profit to the state for the money applied—thus co-operat-
ing with individual exertion in the employment of the
people ; and, among these public works which might be
undertaken, none would make a more ample or useful
return than the occupation and reclamation or the waste
lands, now lying, to so great an extent, unproductive
alike to the owners and to the state, by which means
would be also obtained of relieving over-populated
localities.

But, if the duty of employing and feeding the people
p oe sr et dy
haveo
removen
atlhl
ae
imrpi rpgoehpdt n
atr
at
eycnlot
3a of
claim
oh
suchet
hceo uf
roni
ehr yeur, s
eet
nhoeaf
cott
then lene
nei
nrt ss.
aob
sfe pwi ?
come derived from the lands of Ireland ; and the
tenantry class have a right to claim such laws as will
ensure the full recompense for their labour and capital.
I shall briefly refer to some of these measures.
1. Ample and easy powers of charging the inheritance
of settled estates with money expended on every kind of
permanent improvements.
2.
chAt
annuitants, and
power of
rswi
th their charging mortgagees,
proportion
of all local taxation
paid by the landowner.
renarge
3. Ample powers to sell or exchange settled property,
subject to the uses of the trusts.
4. Power to the tenant to obtain value or compensa-
tion for his tenant-right, arising from the expenditure of
labour and capital in improvements.
Space does not permit me to refer to various other
measures, of the improving and ameliorating character
pointed out in the Poor Inquiry and Land Commission
reports, which are entitled to the instant attention of the
Legislature.
If the measures of relief to the landlords of Ireland,
which I have referred to above, were passed, I have no
doubt that the income of the country, called into action
by a Labour Employment Act, in conjunction with such
public works as the Government might undertake
would give ample employment to the whole population
requiring it.
In ccnclusion, my Lord, permit me to observe, that, in
seeking a legislative enactment, to compel the employ-
ment of the people by a compulsory tax on the property
of the country, lam seeking no innovation—l am asking
nothing inconsistent with the practice or spirit of the
British constitution. Your Lordship must know, better
than I do, from the records of history, that immediately
previous to the reign of Elizabeth the disorganization of
society, and lawless outrage, from the want of employ-
ment, existed in England to a far more fearful extent
than at any late period of Irish history. What was (lane
for England to restore her to quiet? The law of the
43d of Elizabeth was enacted, which rendered the pro-
perty of the country directly responsible to employ or
feed the people; there were no Government advances or
Government loans called for or offered—the direct re-
sponsibility was at once imposed; and England has since
reached to the highest state of good order and improve-
ment of any country in the world.
Trusting that I may be pardoned for this intrusion,
from the importance of the subjects referred to, I have
the honour to remain, with the highest respect, my Lord,
your obedient servant,
W. SIIARMAN CRAWFORD.
Crawforasburn, Ireland, Dec. 7.

PRODUCTIVE WORKS.—TIIE LANDLORDS.
There are further evidences to-day of the disposition
of the landlords to adopt productive works and drainage.
At Demifore, Westmeath, Bailieborough, Cavan, and
Lower Kells, Meath, the circular of the Chief Secretary
has been adopted at the presentment sessions. There
are, however, exceptions.
In the county of Galway Lord Gort presided at a pre-
sentment sessions in Gort, on the 4th inst., when a reso-
lution was adopted to the effect that works of a repro-
ductive nature can alone enable the country to encounter
the still greater pressure of the ensuing year, and save ii
from the dangers apprehended by this meeting, should
the present system of road-making be continued. A peti
tion, to be presented on the assembling of Parliament, was
adopted, praying that townlands may be adopted instead
of electoral divisions.

MPORTANT MEETING OF THE ROYAL AGRI-
CULTURAL SOCIETY.

This day the general half-yearly meeting of the Royal
Agricultural Society was held at the Suciot)'s rooms
in Ssckville-street ; Mr. J. L. W. Naper, V.l'., in the
chair.
The Secretary having read the minutes of format
proceedings, and the report of the council for the half
year,
The Duke of LEINk'ER moved that the report should
be received and adopted.
The Earl of CLANCARTY in seconding the adoption of
the report, said he cordially responded to the opinion
unanimously expressed by the council, thct one of their
fundamental rules, which had been recently rescinded,
should be restored to its original integrity. It was
essential to the society that the members should act
in perfect harmony—(Hear, hear)—and in order to
preserve that harmony which substantially existed
in! the council, 1 • acquiesced in, rather than
approved of, the resolution, by which the 14th rule
would be restored in its original integrity. lie
hoped the measure of restoring that rule would have the
effect of inducing Lord Downshire to return to them,
and that his Noble Friend would not adhere to the
opinion he had expressed of not joining a society ex-
cept upon the ruins of the present. The Noble Earl
congratulated the society upon the unanimity which
existed, and resumed his seat amidst the applause of the
meeting.
Mr. LATtIBERT moved the second resolution, which
was to the effect, that the 14th rule, which had been
partially rescinded, should be restored to its original in-
tegrity.
Sir GEORGE Hops" Bart., seconded the resolution,
which was unanimously adopted amid loud cheers.
The most perfect harmony prevailed on the subject.
NEW SOCIETY OF LANDLORDS.

The Eveniug Mail published the following in a second
edition last night:—
" A most influential meeting, including men of all
parties, assembled to-day (Friday), to take into consi-
deration the propriety of adopting some energetic step
on the part of the landed interests of this country in
reference to the present alarming state of affairs. The
proceedings were strictly private, but we have reason to
think that they will lead to combined exertions on the
part of those whose interests are so deeply involved."
VICE-REGAL COURT.—His Excellency the Lord-Lieu-
tenant, accompanied by the Ladies Ponsonby, the Hon.
Gerald Ponsonby, and Mr. Corry Connellan, have ar-
rived at theVice-Regal Lodge from Besborough, his Ex-
cellency's country seat, Piltown.
The Chief Secretary and Mrs. Labouchere entertained
on Friday, the 11th instant, the following party :—Mr.
Barry, Colonel Dymly, Mr. Twisleton, Mr. Monckton
Milnes, Colonel Colomb, Lord Spencer Churchill, Major
Whittingham, Mr. Sandford, Mr. O'Brien, Sir E. and
Lady Borough, Mr. Griffith, Sir J. Kingston James,
Rev. Mr. and Mrs. O'Sullivan, Mr. and Mrs. M'Cullagh,
Mr. T. Baring.

PRICE SD.

city should be made available for her recovery, and we
are, happy to find that our suggestion has been acted
upon. We learn, from authority, that arrangements
have been entered into by the directors and underwriters
for the Great Britain with Captain Coppin for the taking
off of the vessel, and that preparatory operations will
be commenced immediately. We have had a full de-
scription of the method to be adopted, and we have not
the slightest doubt but that it will be completely sue-
.:essful. When we stage the fact that 460 applications
from different quarters, containing as many projects for
the recovery of the vessel, have been laid before the di-
rectors, it will be seen that the preferer.ce given to the
scientific skill of Captain Coppin is not a little compli-.
mentary to that gentleman. We most heartily wish him
every success.—Londonderry Standard.
The Undet-Secretary acknowledges having received
100/. from Pontefract, for the relief of the destitute poor
in Ireland, which shall be appropriated as desirel—
Evening Post.
ARRIVAL OF THE GIBRALTAR

MAIL.

SOUTHAMPTON, DEC. 13.—The Oriental Company's

steam-ship Madrid, Captain Bingham, arrived in the
docks at four P.M., and landed the usual mails, which
were forwarded to London by the one o'clock A.M. train
this day.
Her dates are Gibraltar, Nov. 30th ; Cadiz, Dec. Ist;

Lisbon, 4th ; Oporto, sth ; Vigo, 6th.
The Madrid had no communication with Corunna.
She has a full cargo of oranges, onions, ani eggs.
The weather during the voyage, both out and home,
was very bad, with continual head winds, rain, and
lightning.
The Madrid has brought home 21 passengers.
STATION OF HER MAJESTY'S SHlPS.—Spartan frigate,
steamers Virago and Phoenix were at Gibraltar. At
Lisbon, her Majesty's ships Hibernia, Trafalgar, Rodney,
Superb, Albion, Canopu3, Nautilus, Scourge, Rattler ; a
French brig, ygne ; Spanish corvette Colose, and the
Portuguese squadron. At Oporto, the Gladiator steam-
frigate. At Vigo, Portuguese frigate Donna Maria; and
at Corunna, frigate America.
The Tagus, captain Evans, is hourly expected at the
Mother-bank, from Alexandria with India mails, &c.