The Sun.
London, England, 1870-02-28 00:00:00

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of negotiations impossible in importance to estimate is
thus snapped. Anson Burlingame was born in New Berlin,
State of New York, in 1822. His grandfather, or at any
rate his great-grandfather, was the scion of a good Scot-
tish family,aconuection regarded with affection by the Ame-
rican branch. Lie wasoducated at the Universities of Michi-
gan and Harvard, gra luating there in 181 G, and studying
in the law school of that institution. Ho practised in Bos-
ton for a time, but entered political life in 1852, when ho
was elected to the Senate of Massachusetts, and was named
one of the Committee to revise the State Constitution.
Three times successively was ho elected to Congress, and
he served two terms on the House Committee on Foreign
Affairs. He had early interested hims.-If in politics,and being
a fluent speaker took natu ally to the platform. A man of
generous, noble sentiments, he deeply imbibed the anti-
slavery feeling of New England, and was ono of the
most early and eloquent members of the abolition party,
and this was at a time when it required considerable cour-
age to proclaim aloud such unpopular opinions. It was
twelve years ago that he was sent to the House
from Boston, and there took a leading place as an aboli-
tionist. What Mr. Sumner did in the. Senate ho did in the
House, and became noted for the ability and fearlessness
with Which he advocated the policy of emancipation, draw-
ing on himself a challenge from those who attacked Sum-
ner, but the fight did not come off, as his opponent de-
clined to meet him in Canada. His broad and enlightened
mind enabled him then to see a truth now dawning on the
Soutb,for the ground he took was that emancipation was vir-
tually as important to the poor whites cf the South as to the
negroes and likely to benefit the former to an equal extent as
the latter. Unexpectedly, and through a course of aksolute
suicide on the part of the slaveholders, his party came into
power, and one of the first to receive an appointment was
Anson Burlingame, Mr. Seward, who was Secretary of
State, recommending him to President Lincoln for the Em-
bassy to Austria. The Emperor of Austria, however, had
taken umbrage at Mr. Burlingame's reception of and expres-
sion of sympathy for, Kossuth, who had not long before
made a triumphal tour through America. On his arrival
at Paris, en route for his post, it was intimated that he
would not be received at Vienna, an unusual course, and
showing how conspicuous Mr. Burlingame had made him-
self in his outspoken censure of Austrian rule in Lombardy
and Hungary, as well as of the severity used in suppress-
ing the rebellion. A request was sent to Washington to
accredit, instead of Mr. Burlingame, .a gentleman not so
objectionably associated with the insurrections. On his
return to the States he was at once named as Minister to
China, and, the Senate having sanctioned the appoint-
ment, Mr. Burlingame proceeded to Peking, where he
remained during the civil war, which almost immediately
followed his departure, where, being far removed from the
strife, he escaped what would otherwise have been his Ipt,
of making, with many friends, a host of enemies. For eight
years he remained in the Celestial Empire; and it was after he
had announced his resignation, and waspreparing for depar-
ture, that the Chinese Government came to the unexpected
determination to send him, if he would accept the commis-
sion, as Ambassador Extraordinary from the Emperor to the
great nations of Christendom. There was a scope in Mr.
Burlingame's liberalism, as well as an originality, which
embraced every race, and struck out views which his own
experience taught him wore correct, bringing about this cir-
cumstance, that such leading organs of a party with whom
Mr. Burlingame was in accord, as the Spectator in Eng-
land and the Nation in America, opposed the work into
whick ho throw himself with all the energy and enthu-
siasm of his nature. In the United States the Chinese
Mission, headed by him, was received with an acclamation,
which lost nothing from the fact that the Ambassador
was a citizen of the Republic‘:\ In strange contrast, how-
ever, was his reception in England, whore the
_prevailing
feature was distrust.. But nothing could daunt Mr. Bur-
lingame's determination or ruffle his good temper. In
vain journals of all shades of politics joined in the attempt
to write him down, some in ridicule, some in laboured arti-
cles on Chinese deceit, and the impolicy of disturbing
existing obligations. He held on the even tonour of his way,
deeply imbued with the belief that he was engaged in a
great work, the magnitude and scope of which these jour-
nali ts did not thenuudei stand,though they would one day,
when they would do him justice. Attached to Britain as the
laud of his forefathers, for her ho had none but kindly worts,
and though the coldness of his reception was made all the
more conspicuous by the warmth of the recent greeting
in America, he atributed it to its true cause, and never
perrAtted it to affect his friendly tone. From London he
went to Paris, then on to Berlin, and after visiting Norway
and Sweden, proceeded to St. Petersburgh, fighting all the
time against the foreign influence in China, whose active
hostility he was everywhere made to feel. But his success
was as marked as he could have expected. The ratified
treaty between China and the United States was but the
other day placed in the President's hands in its wrap-
ping of yellow silk by a secretary of the Embassy Mr.
Burlingame had dispatched to Peking, and this can be
but regarded as the forerunner of the other treaties which
aro to bring the most numerous of all races into inter-
course on equal terms with the great nations of the
world. Mr. Burlingame was a strong, powerful-look-
ing man, in the prime of life, and in the midst of a work
of absorbing interest; it may be that it was too absorbing,
though no one could have looked more likely to live
for many a long year. His fellow-citizens will deeply
sympathiz ) with the accomplished lady who has thus
almost without warning, been bereft of her gifted hus-
band, and left with her family in a foreign and distant
capital. Statesmen, more especially those of America,
will regret the broken thread of these negotiations, and
we doubt not that this feeling will extend to the Yuen-
Ming-Yuen, where the public loss will bo most deeply
experienced. .

We have just received the following from a Paris cor-
respondent, " The last despatch received by Mr. Burlin-
game, from the Chinese Government, was couched in these
words—" What you have done shows that you possess acti-
vity, ability, accuracy, and discretion. You have really de-
served well of China, and are highly appreciated by Prince
Kong." Ou all his relations with China his great object
was to introduce the elements believed by him to be neces-
sary for the good of the nation. While Minister from the
United States he strongly recommended, in letters to Mr.
Seward, the establishment of an American College. He
also was of great assistance to Mr. Pumpelly, the first and
only foreigner who has had the opportunity to study the
resources of that great empire. Mr. Burlingame was
essentially a peace-maker, and in all the troubles which
arose between the representatives of the different nations
and the Chinese Government,he was selected as the arbiter,
and received the public thanks of the representatives of
Great Britain, France, and Russia. His friendship for and
confidence in Sir Frederick Bruce is well known, and led
to the settlement of many difficulties which, under other
circumstance, might have been long delayed.

14'ORGED AITTOGRAPIIS.—The conclusion of
the trial of Lucas for passing off forged letters has excited
great interest in Paris. M. Chasles was present on the
occasion, and the court was attended by many savants who
were curious to see the famous forger. Among them was
M. Faugere, who was among the first to detect the impo-
sition that had been practised. Notwithstanding the large
sums he had obtained, Lucas declared himself penniless,
and asked the court to appoint a counsel for his defence,
which was accordingly done. M. H. Helbraune, who
undertook the task made a most ingenious statement, de-
claring that the only. complaint which could be made against
Lucas was his passion for science and his ardent zeal for
searching among old documents. After ennumerating the,
various literary and historical deceits that had been prac-
tised at various times the counsel said that he did not
claim the Cross of the Legion of Honour for Lucas, but
that they must bear in mind that M. Chasles observed
nothing, so devoted was he to his purpose. While they
must all deplore the losses of that gentleman, it could not
be said that the acts of Lucas amounted to fraud on account
of the extraordinary credulity which he encountered. The
Tribunal, in giving judgment, declared that it did not
appear M. Chasles had been influenced by the false state-
ment of Lucas that he was descended from the family of
Boisjourdain, and that on this ground the charge
of abuse of confidence could not be sustained.
But in the carrying out of his designs Lucas had had
recourse to various fraudulent manoeuvres, swill as choos-
ing paper which bore a venerable appearance and employ-
ing means to impart a decayed look to it. He also soaked
the documents in water, and then stated that they had
been saved in shipwreck. The Tribunal, therefore, found
him guilty of the crime of swindling, and sentenced him
to two years' imprisonment.
The %V est Hartlepool ironworkers have resumed
their work, pending a meeting of a committee appointed to
collect evidence regarding the reasons of the strike. The
piners in the Woraley district have determined to continue
their strike until the full rise demanded is conceded by their
employers.

- -
The Duke of Rutland, the Earl of Shaftesbury, the
Archbishop of York, and other gentlemen have formed a
committee for the purpose of raising a memorial to Dr.
Jenne, the lute Bishop of Peterborough. It is to take the
form of a prize to be-annually given for the best essay in
harmony with the late Bishop's published statements on one
of the following subects in rotation:—" The Doctrine of
the Atonement," "The Inspiration of the Bible," The
Maiuteaanee of 'rotestpit Simplicity of the Public
sinktP d • `;;AIL,

It is with mingled satisfaction and relief, observes the
Standard, that we this morning chronicle the turn which
the case has taken. The volume of idle gossip which has
for months been floating about society has failed
so to bias the minds of the jury as to prevent them
from giving a calm and impartial consideration to
the evidence adduced. The verdict which they have
returned is one which will commend itself to
all who have paid the slightest attention to the
published reports of the proceedings. Only by his own
express wish, and by the consent of both sides, was the
Sovereign's eldest son afforded an opportunity of denying
upon oath the scandals in circulation respecting him,
while grievously as Sir Frederick Johnstone
Was compromised, many were not indisposed to
believe every rumour to his detriment, until he
swore to their falsehood with an explicitness which
loft nothing to he desired. When; in so many particulars,
th 3 statements made by Lady Mordaunt have proved
untrue, it requires no extraordinary stretch of charity to
believe that others rest on no more solid basis, and that if
ever she should be restored to reason she may be able
satisfactorily to account even for those circumstances
which at present remained unexplained.
The Pall Mall Gazette thinks the enthralling interest In
this trial is, indeed, doubly humiliating, since it manifests
once more the ineradicable 'snobbishness of the common
Briton, and an appetite for foul reading which does him
even less credit. The appetite will be • made the
excuse of those who cater for it. We shall be told
that the public demands, and will have, the full tale
of exciting particulars whenever it is interested in a
case like that we are discussing. This is not quite true t
though i 4 ,ays, no doubt ; but that is no excuse for what
amounts .Aimost to a crime. We only wish that journal-
ists generally would come. to some arireementt
binding themselves to abstain from the dissemination of
such abominable details as this week disgraces the press—
however profitable it may be.

The Post declares that the most painful and shocking
case that has for years occupied public attention was on
Friday brought to a close, so far as its legal questions are
concerned, by a verdict which will assuredly meet with
general
.approval, and which sets us free to review the
matter in its moral and social aspects. There are those who
doubt the propriety of placing the public at all iu possession
of the evidence received in cases of this kind, and assuredly
if there is any strength at all in the arguments used
to that effect, they could not be stronger than they
are in the present instance. But it only requires a mo-
ment's reflection to perceive that whatever advantage
might have been gained by hearing the case with closed
doors would have been infinitely outweighed by the injus-
tice that must have resulted from such a course.
llis-
tressinsc, therefore, as it has been to follow the case we
hold that the Unwonted publicity all its details have
received, furnishes no matter for regret, but quite the
reverse, and if it has shocked all, we may hope that it
will have warned and admonished many of those who have
perused it.
We should be -shrinking from a public duty, remarks the
Daily News, if we hesitated to express our conviction that
the termination of the Warwickshire scandal will not be
satisfactory to the country. There has been a miscarriage
of justice. Through whose fault it has arisen we do not
pretend to .determine. If the parties to the suit had
been a Mr. and Mrs. A., and the co-respondents X., Y.,
and Z., we believe the cane would have been argued on
its own merits, and not hare gone off upon a col-
lateral and incidental issue. That this has not
been done is, we repeat again, matter of public misfor-
tune. The interests of Royalty, important as they are,
are less important titan the interests of justice ; and the
interests of justice seem to us to be assailed when a lead-
ing journal disregards the unwritten law of not comment-
ing upon au undecided trial, in order to endorse testimony
given by a Royal witness. We grant most heartily that
the letters of his Royal Highness, by whomsoever they
may have been published,- are not only compatible
with the perfect propriety of his relations with Lady
Mordaunt, but are almost incompatible with any
suspicion of a nearer tie having cdsted between the
writer and his correspondent than that of common
acquantanceship. We admit most readily that
there is considerable room for doubt whether
any distinct charge of undue intimacy was ever brought
against the Prince by Lady Mordaunt. Ann we accept
most frankly, as we are bound to do, the distinct state-
ment of the prince that he is innocent of all offence in this
matter. His Royal Highness could have done nothing more
than he has done to free himself ;rem the charge brought
against him. But to say that this refutation is as com-
plete and as satisfactory as would Lase been the case head
Lady Mordaunt's story been proved bl the delusion of
a lunatic, is an outrage upon common sense. The War-
wickshire scandal remains a story without an end. While
this is so, we can hardly congratulate our readers on the
prospect that they have heard the last either of the
case itself, or of the evil rumours to which it has given
rise.

Gladly, says the Telegraph, have the subjects of her
Majesty, his mother, heard from the Prince's own lips the
solemn assertion that lie has been, from first to last,
wholly i -eat in the Ini.erablt) business; and henceforth
not even a suspicion can be associated with his name.
Purged by the most solemn action from any complicity in
the terrible incidents of Lady Mordaunts unhappy then
ration his Royal Highness holds unaltered in the
eye of the public, his good fame and his honour.
We shall however, keep within the limits of duo respect
for the Heir to the Throne, and we shall only express the
universal feeling of the country when we say that the
painful experience through which the Prince has passed
Conveys a most solemn lesson. He has learned in this
trying crisis to appreciate the grave as well as the brilliant
attributes of his exalted rank. It is incumbent, now and
henceforward, that the palace should be pure if thepeople
are to hold it in reverence ; for a character and
career such as in bygone days have brought
shame and reproach upon the royal line of England will
never again be tolerated. A young man, whatever his
rank, will, of course, have youthful tastes ; but there
should come a time--and that must not be too late—
when he perceives that the friendship of honourable and
high-minded men is a treasure that cannot be purchased.
The son of a mother who has made conjugal fidelity a
Royal virtue—of a father who, having a far more trying
po3ition to fill than the Prince, yet lived and died with.
out the shadow of a reproach—the husband of a Princess
whose grace and goodneee may well command a chivalrous
devotion—with all these strong safeguards, at once the
Heir of the British Crown and the father of the infant
who is destined to wear it—to possess so matchless an in-.
heritance as this is to stand bound, before God and man,
to be earnest, high-minded, and noble.

THE BAVARIAN MINISTRY.—The North East
Correspondence has received a dispatch from Munich dated
the 24th of February, which states that Prince Hohenlohe
may very likely remain in the Ministry. The new elec-
tions of Munich have gone in favour of the Progressist
party which have united with the Third party.
lour Mississippi members have been admitted to
the House of Representatives. In the Senate the Demo-
crats make opposition to the admission of Revels a negro
senator, for Mississippi ; but he will be ultimately
admitted.—Times Telegram.

THE NEW TREATY WITH CHINA.—In a letter to
the Standard, "Veritas" protests against the new Chinese
treaty, which has been made, he says, in the face of, and
diametrically contrary to, the express wishes of the whole
British community in China, and is constructed apparently
for the whole and solo benefis of the Chinese Imperial Go-
vernment. A rec ipitulation is given of the attacks made
on foreigners, and the gross insults offered to the British
flag, by people of China, urged on by the Mandarins,
within the last eighteen months. Placards are posted
on the walls of villages calling on the inhabitants to
drive all foreigners into the sea. The reason of all this is
that the authorities wish to keep out of the country all the
intercourse which would tend to enlighten the benighted
population. In the face of this state of things this " un-
statesmanlike trash," which goes by the name of a treaty, is
made, strengthening the power, already too great, in the
bands of the Chinese officials, in the inverse ratio weakening
the little that our Minister at Pekin once possessed, and
tying the hands of the naval and military commanders-in-
chief, so that they are, powerless to protect the lives and
properties for the keeping of which intact they are respond,
Bible to our Government, our country. and ourselves.
The Prince of Wales has consented to lay the
foundation-stone of the new Channel Docks at Avon-
mouth, near Bristol, when the works are sufficiently Id-
.vanced.
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- Professor J. S. Newberry delivered the last of the
scientific lectures at Cooper Institute, on the 28th
January, on this subject. Ile had been connected
with exp'oring parties sent by GoVernment to the
Far West. They were kept up for many years, his
services extending over five yearn. The territory
between the Sierra Nevada and the Rocky Mountains
was explored by two parties, Mr. Newberry being
attached to the Colorado expedition sent to deter-
mine the navigability of the liver. This was dur-
ino- the Mormon war, when it was hoped that tie
Coloradoe might furnish a channel for supplies, ant
save the long and difficult transport of GOO it-1;1es
by land. 'I lie river was almost unknown, thou,,h
the r:Torts a ere various of parties who ha.; strut k
it; bat ks, and almost p..rished with thirst, movito4
down its course with the roar of the unattainable
stream in their ears. 'I he ri port of the first‘xpedition
was publishetl,but thatof the secoad,con tai eitig paper s
ht inetnlirs attached to toe:mental,: corps, are ill
lyi. g among the alchirts of the IVar Depaitinent,
ftftough of great interest to geographers and of
econotn.c vane to the public, who are rapit.ly, and
for want of the information these reports won ti
!nrnish, blindly latshing their way into the disticts
discussed. The last of the expe iitions the profes-
sor accompanied derived its name fit tu the Sin
Juan River, as the exploration was in that diree-
tion, a stream as large as the Connecticut, with a
valley now desolate and so:itory, where once dwelt
a population of over 100,000. The two i-riecipal
tributarits of the Colorado—the Green and Grand
Rivers, uniting iu south-eastern Utah —form the
Colorado proper. From that point to the Great
Bend at the mouth of the Rio Virgin is known.as
the Grand Canon, although it is not so elassitie 1 by
Colonel Powell. Mr. Newberry says it is nowt-pre
less than 3,000, and in some places 5,000 feet deep.
The plateau is traversed from side to side by the
river iu the gorge cut out by its waters, one of the
most remarkable topographical features -On the
earth's surface. The scenery is the most striking
and impressive, formed by the perspective lines of
the Mesa walls, which seem almost hanging in mid
air, and the profound abysses of the canons which
open in yawning chasms at the very feet of the un-
prepared and awestruck traveller. From the Great ,
Bend the river flows through a low country, yet one
most singular in its topography. The valley is a
continuation of the great trough, partially filled I.y
the Gulf of California, lying between the Sierra
Nevada, of which Lower California is a continua-
tion, to the west, and the Black and Cerbat Moun-
tains in Arizona to the east. For the most part it is
desert. About the bead of the Gulf lies the Colo-
rado Desert, as it is called, a country raised but
little above the level of the sea, consisting of low
flat areas, covered with sand and gravel, which are
the meshes. in a gigantic net-work formed of moun-
tain chains that interlock in every direction. here
the giant cactus flourishes, and that group of prickly
and repulsive plants that form the vegetation of
deserts. The mountains of this region are volcanic
in character, and are destitute of vegetation, but
the rocks which compose them assume the most
picturesque forms, such as domes, spires, and other
architectural figures, and exhibit the most varied
and strongly contrasting colours. The Colorado
traverses these mountains through fissures which
it has cut in them from summit to base. In summer
the river is at its highest, rising 15 feet above mid-
winter mark. " When near the Great Bend we
came in sight of a range of mountains, which, in
its aspects, and in the character of the canon which
traverses it, is a fair example of the scenes that we
passed through. Day after day, as we travelled
along, we had seen before us a mountainous wall
which seemed to block our way. This was gene-
rally of volcanic rock, and almost always of vari-
ous bright colours, as red, green, or yellow, and
bearing domes and pinnacles of the most fantastic
shapes. As we approached we found a way opened
to us, and we sailed freely and quietly through, for
each of these mountain chains was traversed by a
canon cut out by the river. At the point to which I
have brought you in my story there appeared before
us a more formidable chain than any we had en-
countered, named by Lieut. Ives, from its predo-
minating colour, the Black Mountain range. It
was on Saturday morning, the 7th of February,
that, having toiled up some rapids, just below the
canon we came to a great gate, of which the walls,
composed of red porphyry, rose a thousand feet on
either side. As we entered this grand portal we
came into deep and still water, and a pinorarna
opened before us so peculiar and enchanting that
all the party
.soon became absorbed in tke scene
before us. By means of the small boat the canon
was traversed 25 miles up to the point we aimed at,
the mouth of the Rio Virgin. We then returned
down the river 150 miles to meet our supply train
and find a point where the mountains lying east of
the river could be crossed. P..ssing the Black
Mountains we came down on a plateau 800 feet
higher than the valley of the Colorado. This wi's
20 miles wile, and bounds I on the east by the Cer-
bat Mountains. Crossing the Cerbat range we de-
scended to another plateau 2,200 feet above the
river. On the other ride of that another range of
mountains, cast of which was the great plateau
of the central portion of the continent, and it
was to bring you safely up to that high table
land that I have led you by such a long mid
round-about course, and have perhaps tried your
patience with the details of our progress. • • -
When we had ascended the western margin of tin
high plateau, as our especial business was to trac'
the line of the Colorado in the Great Canon, wt
struck north-easterly to reach it again. Wnile still
many miles distant from the Canon, we found the
plain so cut up by ravines opening northward that
we were compelled to descend to the bottom of cue
of them, and take that as our road. 'Where we de-
scended the cliffs were about 500 feet high, and at
the bottom was a spring, and—what caused us no
little surprise —a peach orchard. Peach-stones
are easily transported, and, through the agricultural
Pueblo Indians they have been generally dissemi-
nated over the table lands of New Mexico and Ari-
zona, as we subsequently often found peach trees
growing about springs along the routes of travel.
Near the mouth of the Little Colorado we attempted
in the same way as before to penetrate to the
bottom of the Great Canon, but this time without
success. For though we descended nearly to the
river, and carried down a barometer to a point only
$1,500 feet above the level of the sea, then we were
stopped by a precipice we could not pass. The
cliffs overlooking the canon of the Colorado at the
junction of the Little Colorado with that stream
are, as we subsequently learned, 8,000 feet above
the level of the sea, and as the river is there about
1,500 feet above the sea, the walls of the canon are
more than a mile in height. The canon of the Little
Colorado we found utterly impassable, and so
we were compelled to 'heed' it, making a detour
of 200 miles, passing around the Sin Francisco
'Mountain, a great extinct volcano, which crowns
the table land in Central Arizona. Crossing the
Little Colorado above the falls, we sought and
found the Moqui Villajos, on the high plateau, 60
miles north of our crossing. These Moquis are the
only pure remnant of the ancient civilisation that
once covered the Colorado plateau, and as such
were objects of special interest to us. We were
the first whites who had come among them ' taken
notes.' We found their towns, to be built of ma-
sonry, perched on cliffs five hundred feet above the
plains they cultivate. Their physiognomy, ha-
bits, domestic economy, their arts, and religion,
formed the subject of our study for several days.
They are very ingenious in the cultivation of the
soil, and in the manufacture of their fabrics. Their
industry is spread over the surface, and evaporated
again and again to irrigate and vivify the whole—
but on the western border of the plateau the descent
is very rapid to the sea level. So that when the
Colorado reached that part of its course it fell
almost in one cascade 5,000 feet (and from the
base of the mountains 8,000 feet). In this des-
cent it developed a power that sufficed in time to
excavate the stupendous chasm in which it flows,
and to cut through the entire series of sedimen-
tary rocks from the top of the chalk formation down
through all the underlying formations to the lower
part of its course, and then 800 feet into the solid
granite." High interest attaches to the Colorado
plateau from the fact that 'it was once the home of
a large and partially civilized people, whose stone-
built structures, habitations, citadels, and towns
are scattered over its plains, or crown its castellated
crags, but now almost without exception abandoned
and in ruins.' From the Moqui towns we struck
north-westerly, and attempted again to reach the
Canon of the Colorado. The dryness of the high
table land over which we travelled was, however,
such that we were compelled to turn bick for tl e
want of water ; and, as our animals were nearly
broken down, and ourresources generally exhausted,
we pronounced the Colorado Expedition ended,
and passing through the Navajo country to Santa
Fe, came home across the plains."—Anglo-American

A naval court-martial assembled on board her
Majesty's ship the Duke of Wellington, at Ports,/
mouth, on Saturday, for the trial of an assistant`'
surgeon attached to the Steam Reserve of the lc:-
on a charge of drinking intoxicating liquors
excess. The prisoner pleaded " guilty," but mg'
upon the cousi,ieration of the Court palliatit
attendant circumstances. The sentence of th,
Court was that the prisoner tlould lose one year'El
seniority, and be placed upon half-pay.