The Sun.
London, England, 1846-10-16 00:00:00

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OCOBER 16) 1846.
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OPENING OF THE PORTS.

A meeting of the Directors of the Manchester Chamber
of Commerce and Manufactures was held on Wednes-
day, when the following memorial for the opening of the
ports was unanimoualy agreed to, and dispatched to Lord
John Russell:—

"TO THE RIGHT HON. THE LORDS COMMISSIONERS OF

HER MAJESTY'S TREASURY.

"The Memorial of the Dire.etors of the Chamber of
Commerce and Manufactures at Manchester

" Showeth,—That;.your memorialists feel deep appre-
hensions
at the prospects which threaten this district.
Whilst the prices of raw materials have been advancintr,
the profits of trade have been diminishing, and important
branches of our manufactures are now prosecuted under
heavy losses. The depressing policy of our own country
up to the last session of Parliament had long tended to
fritter away our intercourse with several of our best cus-
tomers, and the short interval which has elapsed since
the change has not yet permitted us to resume the con-
nexions which we mice enjoyed; the price of food at
home almost pneltuhs hope that our people will have
the means of purchasing clothing; stocks of manufac•
tures are accumulating, and there are strong grounds for
fearing that before winter shall have passed the demand
for labour will be greatly lessened. Your memorialists
feehhat any reYerence by them to your Lordships re-
specting the present and expected stock of food on which
the labourer has to rely until fresh crops be available, is
not necessary; they content themselves with stating,
shortly, that at the present moment, besides a great en-
hancement in the prices of meat and bacon in this town,
bread has been advanced fully one• third, whilst oatmeal
is selling at twofold, and potatoes at threefold their usual
price, and that they look forward with dread to the con-
dition in which the people will inevitably be found in the
spring of next year.
" That deeply grateful for the measures of relitf
passed in the last session of Parliament, your memo-
rialists hoped to pass th#ough period of transition,
and on the terms which IheMegislatnre decreed, not
only without despondency, but with a sustaining confi-
dence. The dispensations of Divine Providence have,
however, interposed, and, in the opinion of your memo-
rialists, have thrown upon the Government further awful
responsibilities. Extreme scarcity of food is inevitable ;
if labour fail, that scarcity will become famine. Prayers
are directed to be offered up in our churches to have
those evils averted, and yet one of our laws enacts, that
whatever may be the price of wheat, the smallest duty
to be paid upon the import of it shall be 4s. per quarter;
another law decrees that food brought into the country
by certain vessels shall not be eaten at all by our people;
whilst a third declares that nothing shall be used in our
distilleries but that which would serve as food. Your
memorialists implore your Lordships to take instant
steps to remove these conflicting and cruel anomalies in
such manner as the wisdom of your Lordships may sug-
gest. They believe that, to mitigate impending cala-
mities, nothing less will be sufficient than to admit into
our ports every species of food necessary for daily sub-
sistence free of duty ; to permit it to be brought indis-
criminately from every country by the vessels of any
nation or flag ; and to allow in our distilleries and
breweries the use of sugar and molasses, without refer-
ence to the vessels which have already brought or may
hereafter bring them to us. To this extent they humbly
pray the immediate interference of your Lordships,
believing that such a course will bo approved by Par-
liament, and applauded by the nation.—And, as in duty
bound," &c.
A meeting of the corporation of Manchester is about
also to be held, for the purpose of memorialising the
Lords of the Treasury for tha immediate opening of
the ports.

THE SPANISH DEBT.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

Sirs,—lv beg to express my sincere thanks for your
ready insertion of my communication on the above sub-
ject, in the columns of your valuable journal. If any
confirmation were needed of the fact therein stated,
that the greater portion of the Active Bonds were now
in the hands of foreigners, I might refer to the City ar-
ticle of the Morning Post of yesterday, in which we are
exultingly informed of the exertions which are being
made on the Continent by the (self-constituted) com-
mittee of Spanish bondholders, and of the coalition it
has formed with the Spanish (Active) bondholders in
every capital in Europe. The majority of the British
creditors would be better pleased if it were to attend a
little more to their interests and somewhat less to those
of their continental coadjutors ; but when they recollect
that that committee principally represents the interests
of a few wealthy Active bondholders, some of whom
realised large sums by their successful efforts to produce
the great and sudden fall in the value of Spanish stocks
ten years ago, which was so ruinous to the British cre-
ditors, they will not be surprised that the parties in
question should now restrict their efforts to the obtaining
a further funding of the overdue Coupons of the Active
Stork, in which only themselves and their continental
connexions are, at the present time, much interested,
keeping the just claims of the numorous holders of
Passive Stock in the back-ground, and merely holding
out to them the prospect of a possible trifling addition
to the va'ue of their bonds, which a further payment of
interest to themselves may occasion.
I trust, however, that the exertions of the' Passive
bondholders, aided by the independent press of the me-
tropolis, may frustrate the scheme, and secure to the
general body of the British creditors of Spain—the real
sufferers by the Spanish loans—the benefit of any future
arrangement of the debt.
I am, Sir, your obliged servant,
AN ACTIVE AND PASSIVE
BONDHOLDER.
City, Oct. 13, 1846.

WEIMILL Hor AND CHEESE FAIR.—In the Farn-
ham-row there were the extraordinary number of 4,207
pockets, and in the Hampshire country-row 4,522 ditto.
On Monday but few were sold. By five o'clock yester-
day there were not more than 600 to 700 pockets sold in
the Farnham-row, and less than 500 in the country ditto.
Farnhams made from 71. to 71. 15s. We beard of two
or three choice samples making 81., but the general price
may be quoted at 71., and below that price the growers
must come if they intend selling. In the country-row
the prices were considerably lower, according to where
they grew. Some sold at 5/. 103., while others made 20s.
per cwt. more ; the prices may, therefore, be fairly put
at from Si. up to 61. 10s., and from the few yet sold and
the many remaining to sell, lower prices must be sub-
mitted to. There was a less quantity of cheese pitched
here yesterday than has been known for 27 years past,
the whole not amounting to 200 tons. The prices were
as follows, being from ss. to 6s. per cwt. under the
prices made at Reading fair :—Best old Chedder from
70s. to 755. per cwt. ; Somerset, 68s. to 70s. ; double
Gloucester, 60s. to 655. ; single ditto, 545.t0 58s. ; Wilts
and Dorsets, 58s. to 633. ; second ditto, 50s. to 545. ;
skim ditto, 30s. to 365.

EXTRAORDINARY DISCOVERIES AT NINEVEIL—Mr
Layard, an English gentleman, has for the last twelve-
month been pursuing the track—first laid open by M.
Botta—at Nimroud, near Mosul, on the Tigris. His
excavations have not only settled the precise position of
Nineveh—the very existence of which had become little
better than a vague historic dream—but have brought to
light some of its buildings, sculptures, and inscriptions.
According to accounts received at Constantinople some
months since, and .communicated in the Athenaum of
Saturday last, Mr. Layard hail discovered an entrance
formed by two magnificent winged, human-handed lions.
This entrance led him into a hall above 150 feet long and
30 broad, entirely built of slabs of marble, covered with
sculptures. The side walls are ornamented with small
bas•eeliefs, of the highest interest—battle sieges, lion
hunts, &c.; many of them in the finest state of preser-
vation, and all executed with extraordinary spirit. They
afford a complete history of the military art amongst
the Assyrians ; and prove their intimate knowledge of
many of those machines of war whose invention is
attributed to the Greeks and Romans—such as the
ba' tering-ram, the tower moving on wheels, the cata-
pult, &c. Nothing can exceed the beauty and elegance
of the forms of various arms, swords, daggers, bows,
spears, &c. In this great hall there are several en-
trances—each formed by winged -lions or winged bulls.
These lead into other chambers, which, again, branch
off into a hundred ramifications. Every chamber is
built of slabs covered with sculptures or inscriptions,
whence some idea may be formed of the number of ob-
jects discovered—the far greater part of which, in fact
nearly all, are in the best preservation. Mr. Layard's
excavations have been hitherto confined to a very small
corner of the mound, under
which these antiquities have
it
for ages been buried ; is impossible to say what may
come out when they can be carried forward on an ade-
quate scale.
A DAMPER TO ELOQUENCE.—Amusing scenes
occur occasionally in grave assemblies. During the
late session of the New Hampshire
. Legislature a newly-
fledged orator rose to make his maiden speech in the
House of Reprosentatives. A Bill had been brought in
to tax bank dividends, and, watching his opportunity,
the d.ebutant addressed the Members Mr.. Speaker,
the gentleman from Dover who introduced this Bill does
not seem to be aware of its inevitable results. He
would strip the widow." (Roars of laughter, and cries
ofth s"
public The widow,al whohop ?"e "is hat widow ?" " Not in
&c.)
As soon as the tumult
had subsided in some degree, and the orator could make
himself heard, he indignantly proceeded :—" Gentlemen
need not think to put me. down by clamour. Is there no
sympathy here for the widow and the orphan ? I say,
Sir, this is worse than stripplog. Put on this tax, and I
, say you drive the widow to her last shift." here the
clamour became so great that the speaker, despairing of
a hearing, resumed his seat. It was almost ten minutes
before the House could transact its regular business.—
, !Nees York Paper.
• SWANSEA AND MUMBLES OYSTER FISHERY

The commencement of the oyster fishery, in Swansea
bay, has been more successful this year than known for
many seasons, and notwithstanding the large number
almost daily caught, such is the demand for these oysters
, and other large
Swanseam quay for one
at
ot xLiverpool,
that
theyM a n
rcehaeds
itleyr , Bsell
mo inn gha
shilling and sixpence per long hundred. This is a great
blessing to the hard-working poor engaged in these
fi-heries (some of whom have lately been getting as
much as 2/. per week) at a period when provisions are so
dear.— Welshman.

THE PROBABLE SUPPLY OF
FOREIGN GRAIN THIS YEAR.
The total number of corn-laden ships now on their
way from the Mediterranean and the Black Sea to this
country, is between sixty and seventy, and allowing that
each of them brings 1,000 quarters of grain (which is
above the truth),: this gives 60,000 or 70,000 quarters
of grain, of all descriptions, on its way from all
ports within the straits of Gibraltar. About as much
more is supposed to remain in those ports, making a
total of 150,000 quarters of Indian corn, which may pos •
sib!), be obtained from the Mediterranean and the Black
Sea together before winter. The American ports may,
peril ips, supply us wi:h as much from the remains of
last year's crops. In the spring a good deal more IMIV
be expected from the crop of the present year, but it will
be nearer six months than six weeks before it arrives.
The accounts from Odessa, which are to Sept. 7, state tles.t
ti-3 scarcity of vessels which had existed in that port
during the whole of the summer continued, and that the
freight of graLt to England was its. sd. per quarter for
wheat or Indian corn. They further k taie that the whole
stock of Indian corn in that port was 7,000 quarters. o!
which the greater part was of inferior quality ; and that
it was not likely to be much increased for some time, as
this year's crop of the grain in ,Bessarabia was so poor
as to make it doubtful whether any more c:nild be spared
for exportation. The quotations of second qualities of
Indian corn were 17s. to .17s. 9d., and of the best 193. to
20s. per quarter ; and those of wheat 30s. 6d. to 31s. per
quarter fur Polish Odessa.
Accounts from Trieste, of the sth instant, state that
the quantity of Indian corn _shipped to England during
the preceding fortnight, amounted to 20,000 quarters,
and that the total stock of grain in the port consisted of
32,857 quarters of Indian corn, and of 12,857 quarters
of wheat. The price of Indian corn was from 225. Id. to
245. 9J. per quarter, according to quality.
Letters from Ancona of the 2d instant state, that the
crop of Indian • corn in that neighboarhood had been
nearly destroyed, first by the long drought, and after-
wards by heavy floods. The price was 21s. to 245. per
quarter, and the freight 7s. to Bs. to England.
Letters from Genoa, Leghorn, and Marseilles, of
about the S£lllls date, say that good Indian corn could
not be bought in these ports so as to he laid down in
England for less than 365. a quarter, for cost and freight
alone.
At Venice the price of the best Indian corn was 245.
6d., at the last advices.
Combining all these facts, it is evident that our sup
plies of Indian corn from the Mediterranean and the
Black Sea will this year be small, unless English im-
porters are willing to give prices which will make it a
dearer grain than wheat. The great hope, under these
circumstances, is in the arrivals-from the United States;
but even from that country we shall receive no large
quantity of Indian corn until after Christmas. The
largest importation of Indian corn ever known from the
United States took place in 1811, when the quantity
reached 348,850 quarters, under the stimulus of a foreign
demand for grain and flour, which raised the price of
wheat to 645. per quarter in the United States, during
the whole of that year. Since that time it has fallen
off to 50,000 or 100,000 quarters, at which amount it
has continued for twenty years. Even last year, when
the demand for Eiigland was great, it did not exceed
200,000 quarters. It is possible that the importations
this year may be five times as great as those of last, or
a million quarters, but we can scarcely believe that they
will reach more than that point. The fact is, that there
are few things more difficult than to increase the quantity
of grain grown in a country, in a short time. Little can
be done with machinery, and in some stages of the
operation just as little with horse labour. In the
report of the judges of the Liverpool Agricultural Society,
published only last week, it was stated that much grain
was lost in this thickly-peopled county from shedding,
owing to the want of labourers ; and if this be the case
in Lancashire how much more must it be so in the back
States of America ? The quantity of grain raised de-
pends much more on the quantity of hands than the
number of acres in a country, and therefore it is that we
do not expect that great increase of grain from the
United States which" some persons hope for, until the
recent rise in prices has diverted more labour from the
comparatively unprofitable cultivation of cotton and
tobacco to that of Indian corn and wheat. This change
is in progress, but it will be some time before it will en-
able the United States alone to supply the deficiencies
of Europe.—Liverpool Times.

INCENDIARY EXPLOSION AT
THE CASTLE MILLS, SHEFFIELD.
Another of those diabolical attempts at the destruc
tion of property by explosive substances, for which the
town of Sheffield .has obtained a somewhat unenviable
notoriety, was made on Saturday evening last. The facts
are th-se :
The Castle Mills, situate on the banks of the Don,
were erected, about seven or eight years ago, by Messrs.
Marshall, Brothers, for a grinding wheel, at an expense
of from 1.5,000/. to 20,0001.; and had become a prin-
cipal resort for parties who choose to carry on their
business unconnected with the " unions," into which the
vast majority of the workmen of Sheffeld have enrolled
themselves.
On Saturday evening last the works were stopped
about twenty minutes before seven o'clock, soon after
which time the premises were entirely cleared, and a
watchman took charge of the building for the night. No
circumstances of a suspicious nature wira observed, but
about half past eleven o'clock a most terrific explosion
shook the building to its very centre. Mr. Marshall,
jun., being near the spot, went to the premises, and on
examination discovered that the cylinder belonging to
one of the steam engines had been blown to atoms by
gunpowder, and the shattered fragments were strewed in
ali directions, in addition to which the massive beam was
broken into three pieces. The top of the steam
chest was blown off, the piston considerably bent,
and nearly every portion of the engine more or less in-
jured. Upon further examination it was found that the
watchman, William Ibbotson, who ought to have been
in the most central part of the building, was in a remote
quarter, where no danger from an explosion of the en-
gine could harm him. His conduct in other respects ex-
citing suspicion he was given into custody.
On Monday morning he was taken before the ma-
nager, and after a short examination was remanded
until Thursday next.
The injury done to the engine and premises is estimated
at not less than from 1,0001. to 1,2001.

WESTMINSTER LITERARY INSTITUTION.—Mr. Hen-
derson concluded a course of lectures on "London" last
evening at the above institution, in which the subject
was treated with great talent. The statistical and his-
torical matter, together with the necessary chronological
detail, required much ingenuity to introduce without
dryness ; the lecturer, however, continued to amuse the
mere pleasure-seeker, while he afforded ample informa-
tion to the seeker after knowledge. There is a singular
originality of style about Mr. Henderson, which sur-
prises by its peculiarity, while it gratifies by its vivacity,
and instructs by its soundness. His anecdotes are ex
tremely apposite, most effectively given, and serve to re-
lieve the heavier portions of the subject. The audience
was highly delight.d, and expressed its gratification by
loud and repeated plaudits. The pictorial illustrations
by Mr. Shalders, were the theme of universal admiration,
FATAL FILIAL AFFECTION.—Late on Monday
evening Mr. Mills held an inquest at the Six Bells,
Queen -street, Hammersmith, on the body of Eliza, Rogers,
aged 47. It appeared that deceased, a person of very
feeble health, had lost her father some time since, and
was in the habit of visiting his grave, in Hammersmith
churchyard, at all hours and seasons. On Friday morn-
ing last she was found lying near her father's grave, in
a state of semi-nudity, and almost lifeless. Though she
received prompt medical assistance, she expired in the
course of the day. It was proved that on Thursday
night, which was a very tempestuous one, she stole from
her bed, and, scarcely clad, visited the churchyard.
Mr. Roy, a surgeon, was of opinion that she died from
exhaustion, the result df exposure to the night air.
Verdict accordingly.
ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH. —D BABY, OCT. 13.

The following instance of speedy justice, through the
medium of the electric telegraph, speaks more for the
efficiency of that invention, as applied to the purposes of
detecting crime, than volumes :—William Eltinton,
whose case appeared in The Sun of Tuesday last, com-
mitted a robbery at Derby on the night of Friday last ;
information of the circumstance, together with a full and
correct description of the person of the prisoner, and
also of the property stolen, was forwarded by the electric
telegraph from Derby to Ittigby, at eight o'clock on
Saturday morning. Inspector Faulkner, of the London
and North-Western Railway Company, watched the
arrival of the next train (11 A.si.) from Derby, when he
saw the prisoner in one of the carriages, whereupon he
took him into custody ; he was then taken before the
magistrates at Rugby on Saturday morning, when
sufficient evidence was adduced to cause them to re.
mend the prisoner till the arrival of one of the inspec-
tors of police at Derby, to which place he was conveyed
the same evening. On Monday evening ho was taken
before the magistrates at Derby, when the prosecutor
identified the property found upon the person of the
prisoner as being the same that was stolen from him ;
whereupon the prisoner was committed to take his trial
for the robbery. The quarter sessions being held the
same day, before Mr. J. Balguy, the Recorder, a bill
was preferred before We grand jury, who returned
a " true bill." The prisoner was then put upon his trial
and convicted; when he was sentenced to six months'
hard labour. The Learned Recorder, in passing sen-
tence, made some excellent remarks upon the efficiency
of the electric telegraphs in detecting offenders, and
trusted that they would be universally adopted on rail-
ways. Ho hoped that the present instance would be
made as public as possible, as it was highly desirable
that it should be generally known what a formidable in-
strument offenders had to contend against.
INTREPIDITY OF THE LION QUEEN.-0n Wed-
nesday evening, during the exhibition of Hylton's per-
forming animals in Nottingham fair, a ferocious male
hyena, exhibited in a den with another of the same spe-
cies, broke his chain, and attacking the other animal
seized him by the foot, and a terrific fight commenced.
Mrs. Hylton, " The Lion Queen," who is in the habit of
visiting the den of these untameable brutes, immediately
rushed between them, separated the furious animals by
a blow to each, and eventually succeeded in again se-
curing the beast. Both the animals received injuries in
the fight.—Notlinghantshire Guardian.

THE REGISTRATIONS.
CITY OF LONDON.
The revision of the householders' lists was proceeded
with at ten o'clock yesterday morning by the Revising
Barrister.

George Henry Wright appeared in the list with the
following description attached to his name : —Place of
abode: 31, Sheppcnon -cottages, Ne.s. North-road, Isling-
ton. Nature of qualification : tenant to Mr. Bond, at a
yearly rent of 501. Place where the property is si•na,e:
45, Coenhill, haat; a successive occupation from No. 12.
orgate- street, in the parish of —, Coleman•street,
and previously 3, Spread Eagle-court, in the parish of
St. B.:net rink.
Mr. Browne applied to have the name expunged, and
his application was founded on the manlier in which the
was <I scribed, and which, he submittt d, was

sufficient.
The BARRISTF.II. observed that the qual'fication aR
da-
7ih('il WaS ; it lo (led to him lilac a county
wion, and he must expunge the name.
RESULT OF PIIE REVISION YESTERDAY.
OBJECTIONS. —A 1.1.0 WED.
Conservatives.
157
FAILED OR WITHDRAWN.
79 1011
Liberal claims allowed... 1 Disallowed
The lists of the following parishes were revised :
St. Botolph, Aldgate, and St. Mary, Whitechapel, in the
ward of Portsoken, St. Michael, Cornhill, and St. Peter,
Cornhill, in the ward of Cornhill ; and St. Olave, Hart-
street, Tower ward.
The following parishes are yet to be revised :—St.
Gabriel, Fenchurch-street ; St. Mary Wolnoth, and St.
Nicholas Acons, Lsngbourne, and Lime-street ward ;
and Allhallows, Barking, and St. Dunstan's in the East.
The Barrister proceeded with the revision of those
parishes at ten o'clock this morning, and the revision will
be brought to a close this evening, or early to-morrow.

Liberals.
34

Double.