The Sun.
London, England, 1848-07-20 00:00:00

say, since this emptying took pla-c4,?'—' Not at air.
* Ilas the apparent health of your children improved?'
—*Yes.'

" The returusin relation to the of set of partial cleans-
ing made to the Metropolit4n Commisssioners of Sewers
are decisive and satisfactory."-
On the subject of the extent of cleansing operations
required in the metropolis, the following statements ate
vaude:

•` At the last census, in 1841, there were 270,859
houses in the metropolis. It is known that there is
scarcely a house without a cesspool under it, and that a
large number base two, three, four, and more under
them, so that the number of such receptacles in the me-
tropolis may be taken at 300,000. The exposed surface
of each cesspool measures, man average, nine feet, and
the mean depth of the whole is about 6} feet—so that
each contains 58i feet of fermenting filth of the most
poisonous, noisome, and disgusting nature. The exhaling
surface of all the cesspools (300,000 X 9) = 2,700,000
feet, or equal to 62 acres nearly; and the total quantity
of foul matter contained within them (300,000 X 58i)
= 17,550,000 cubic feet, or rqual to one enormous
elongated >.tagnant cesspool 50 feet in width, 6 feet 6
inches in depth, and extending through London from
the Broadway at Han.mersinith to Bow-bridge, a length
of ten miles. This, there i.s reason to believe, is an
under estimate: The cesspool, however, in general forms
but one-fourth of the evaporating surface: the house
drain forms half or two•fourths, and the sewer one; but,
connected as the sewers and house drains mutually are,
and acted upon by the winds and barometric conditions,
the miasma from the house drains and sewers of one
district may be carried up to another. We cannot
be absolutely certain that part of the stench expe-
-1 lowed in the Dean's-yard may not have been due
to the contents of the sewers from the drains of

the House of Commons, or at some time from
Duck-lane or I'ye-street ; and, according to the evi-
dence of Mr. Batterbury, who met a strong current of
air coming from the extended cesspools under the
Deanery. the miasma from that place would have been
carried through the common sewers, and from them into
the streets and houses of other neighbourhoods. As
the Deanery is situated near the openings of the sewer
into the river, it is probable that this would commonly
be so. In addition to the examination of the old sewers
conducted by Ir. Joseph Smith, one of the assistant-
surveyors, and adverted to in his evidence, the Metro-
politan Commissioners of Sewers have directed an in-
quiry to be made into the state of the house drains.
From the evidence of Mr. Lovick, the assistant-sur-
veyor who conducted this inquiry, it appears that much,
larger sums are paid for cleansing and keeping in re-
pair the private drains than the public are in general
ae are of. The returns of information from the in-
habitants had not been completed, but from such as
were obtained it was found that the average annual
charge of cleansing and repairing the house drains
was 11. ss. per house per annum, and for emptying
the cesspools 15s. per annum, making 21. a-year for this
one portion of house cleansing. But the returns con-
tain instances where sums of 301„ 401., 501., 1001., and
even 2001. have been paid for amending and reconstruct-
ing house drains; and notwithstanding such outlays the
foundation walls have continued damp, stagnant water
has remained in the cellars, and offensive smells have
still been emitted. In 21 houses in the Westminster
district the average annual charges during ten years
for making, repairing, and cleansing the house drains,
was 71. 6s. per house, and for cleansing the cesspools
21. 45.; in atl 91. 10s. Now, from estimates which have
been made of the cost of abolishing the cesspools, and
putting down in their stead new and improved imper-
meable house drains which would remove at once all
decomposing matter from the houses—supposing th•
work done upon a comprehensive contract and paid for
by the rates—the average expense of complete house
drainage, on the charge being distributed over a period
of thirty years, would be about 4s. 6d. per house per
annum, and for the highest class of houses about 7e. 6d.
per annum; which would be an average saving on each
of the 21 houses above mentioned of more than 91 u-
ykar."

RAILWAY SHARE MARKETS. -
LIVERPOOL, JULY 19.
STOCK EXCHANGE.—The business done to-day has been
rather more than usual. Notwithstanding, prices may be
said to be stationary, at yesterday's quotations. The sales
are—Birkenhead, Lancashire, and Cheshire Junction (late
C. and IL ), '221. Shares, 8 dis.—East Lancashire,- lil4l.
Shares, Preference, p.—Great Northern, 8% dis.—Great
Western, Quarters, 1% dis.—Lancashire and Yorkshire
(late Manchester and Leeds), Fifths, :34 di5....-Ditto, 10/.
Shares, Preference, Hs. 3d. p.—Ditto, (late West Biding
Union), Fifths, 334 dis.—London and North-Western, 1271(ig
—Ditto, Fifth Shares, 61,4 p.—Ditto, New Quarters, IXI
p.—Manchester, Sheffield. and Lincolnshire, 101. Prefer-
ence, 101/—Midland Stock, New Halves, 5% dis.—South-
Eastern and Dover, No. 4, Thirds dis.—York, New•
castle, and Berwick (G. N. E. Purchase), 114 p.
MANCHESTER, JULY 19.
STOCIC EXCIIA NGE.—The sales are—Birkenhead, Lanca-
shire, and Cheshire Junction, 31/. Shares, 714
East An Tian, Preference, 31i"4—Lancashire and Yorkshire,
Fifths, dis.—Ditto, 10/. Preference, 6 per cent., % p.—
London and North-Western (Leeds and Dewsbury), 40
Ditto (Branches), Halves, 5/ dis.—London and South-
Western, 49—Manchester, Sheffield, and Lincolnshire, 60—
Ditto, Preference, 101,f,—Ditto (Grimsby), 201. Shares, 8%
dis.—South- Eastern and Dover, No. 4,'21/ dis.—York, New.
castle, and Berwick, Preference, 13/4 p.
BIIIIIINGIIAM, JULY 19.
STOCK EXCHANGE.—The sales are—London and North-
Western, 101. Shares (M. and B.), 23% p.—North British,
Thirds, 134 dis.—Great Northern, 83,1 dis. ex int.—North
Staffordshire, dis.—Shrewsbury and Birmingham (A),
5/. Is. 3d. dis. ex int.—Ditto (B), 3/. 35. 9d. dig. ex int.—
South Staffordshire, 3 dis.
NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE, Juni 18.
STOCK EXCHANGE.—The sales are—Newcastle and Car-
lisle, Scrip, 106—Ditto, (rut), 4 p.— North British, Thirds,
375. dis.—North Staffordshire, 1, dis.

ditztlib.
On the 11th inst., at Cheltenham, the lady of the Rev. A.,
M. Brown, of a daughter.
On the 10th inst., at Sydenham, Kent, the wi'e of Edward
Lawes, Esq., barrister-at•law, of a son.

FRENC II NEWSPI PERS.—Previous to the Revolu-
tion, the feuilleions of the Paris papers were quite us im-
portant as the political part. It was here that the most
popular of the French romance writers, such as Eugene
Sue, Alexandre Dumas, Paul de Kock, &c., gained both
their reputation and their money. The sums paid these
and other popular writers, by the principal French jour-
nals, is scarcely credible. It is well known that Eugene
Sue received 100,000 francs, or 4,0001., from the Constitu.
tionnel for each of his novels, and that ho was engaged
by this journal at this rate for a period of tea years.
Alexandre Dumas was about as well paid. However,
he wrote his novels on a wholesale system, as in mere
manual labour no one man could have written an
equal quantity. His system appears to be, to employ
five or six clever young men, who, having no public
reputation, are glad to write for him at a nominal rite.
Having chalked out the plots for them, they fill in all
the other parts, while the master, finally going over
the whole, adds a few Dumasian dashes, which gives
t) the work the imprint of his genius. At present,
the feuilletons are become nearly a dead letter. Every-
body is employed with politics, and they remttin ue-
read. Dumas himself abandoned them for -politics,
which he, however, found unsuccessful. He started the
Liberte, and wrote for some time in it ; but having still
a leaning for the ex-royal family, the responsibile editor
refused to insert his articles, and the consequence was,
his withdrawal from this journal, and starting another.
If the feuilletonistes are well paid on the French papers,
none of the other parties are. The principal editors
receive but indifferent salaries. There are but
few reporterS, and scarcely such a thing as foreiga
correspondents. They give themselves little trou-
ble about obtaining late new!. A paragraph written
by a general news-collector, is handed in to all the
offices of all the papers, and appears duly next morning
in one or two, and in the rest, perhaps, a week after.
The legal news is reported for papers especially dedi-
cated to it, and anything peculiarly interesting is copied
into the political journals of the following morning. Al-
though the French paper had some distinguishing fem.
still, as a whole, it was far below its English neigh- .
bour in general completeness. Few things, indeed, as I
have said, are paid much attention to in a French news-
paper, except the political leading articles, which are of
the very first rank. It was thus that Thiers and Gnizot,
and thousands of others, gained their first reputation;
however, they gained little more, as French writers are
miserably paid, in fact often not at all—the outlet to
their opinions being considered as sufficient remunera-
tion. Still, it opened the way to them in other spheres,
as a vast number of the Government Employes have ob-
tained their situations through their connexion with the
press.—Twit's Magazine for July.
FASHIONABLE DISPLAY.—The chief source for the
employment of labour in the metropolis has this season
been crippled ;more from the effects of the cold damp
weather of last month than from political excitement or
any other cause commonly assigned. But happily
during the last few days the July sun has shone forth
with its usual intensity, acceptable to agriculturists, as
tending to ripen the crops, as also to London manufae-
turers and tradesmen, who are encouraged to produce
such novelties asbt
tastes
ityt
et
dbh ee
whereby
considered
rnsuitable
nrrt t
oobino t
must
is;
season
o n
instancea n the
can a tna
have been given to many hundreds in the production of
an entirely new fabric made into a new form of Paletot,
elegant in its appearance, and peculiarly agreeable under
a sultry sun to the visitor of the sea-side, the tourist, or
the man of fashion. The patentees are Messrs. Nichol),
at whose wareromns, in Regent estreet and Cornhill
these garments may be seen in thousands.—Globe.
ACCIDENT ON THE MIDLAND RAILWAY. Oa
Thursday a person named Pearson, who is employed as
a labourer on the Midland Railway by Mr. Oliver, the
contractor, had a narrow escape while engaged at his
work on the line, a short distance from the Horns
public-house. A train was approaching, and before
he was able to get out of its way he was struck vio-
lently on the back by the buffers of the engine, and '
thereby thrown down the . adjoining embankment, by
which be sustained considerable injury, but by which
his life was saved, by being thrown clear off the rails.--
IDerby Mercury.