The Sun.
London, England, 1848-12-12 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING,

13. ... Remusat ... .. lendemain,
14. .. Jules Simon ... .. ... lendemain
15. ... Stourm 000 OS. • . vielle
16. ... Grevy ... .. ... .. vielle
17. .. Baudet 000 000 ... vielle
18. .. Chambolle ... 0.00 .. vielle
19. ... Cormeniu .. ... ... lendemain
20. .. Buchez .. ... ... vielle
21. ... Lichtenberger .. • • vielle
22. ... Carnot 000 00,11 ... vielle
23. .. Boulatignier .. ••• ... vielle
24. ... Marrast • • •• vielle
25. .. Landrin .. • • • . vielle
26. ... Lasteyrie ... 000 .. vielle
27. Fallout ... •• • .0. lendemain,

28. ... Vaulabelle ••• lendernain
29. ... Baroche vielle
O. . . Bixio ... ... • • vielle.
Twenty-one out of the thirty Provisional Coun-
cillors of State are consequently men pledged to the
maintenance of the Republican institutions—men
whose careers afford a guarantee of their loyalty
to the democratic form of government. Selected
moreover immediately by the National Represen-
tation as the depositaries of the political conscience
of the nation, they enable us to estimate the propor-
tion of parties within the very bosom of the Repub-
lican Parliament. From this extraordinary prepon-
derance of the true Republicans in the National As-
sembly, and in the Provisional Council of State, it is
obvious that the destruction anticipated for the Re-
public by the retrograde party is little less than a
sheer impossibility.

Were we to repose any confidence in the assertions
of the numerous enthusiasts in the French capital,
we should certainly be bewildered into the belief that
more Presidents than one would emerge from the
ballot-boxes of the. metropolis and the depart-
ments. The adherents of CAVAIGNAC would
compel us to credit the certainty of his
election. The motley supporters of Louts
NAroLzos would reduce us to the conviction
that the Prince must be victorious. Nay, the select
worshippers of LAMARTINE would leave us in no
doubt as to the ultimate triumph of the poet-states-
man. Sullen threats and sinister predictions are the
only demonstrations in favour of RASPAIL or La-
mm-ROLLIN, though the resolution of the Red
Ultras, and of the Socialist faction, is as earnest as
that of the admirers of the other competitors.
Throughout the haze of obscurity resulting from
these opposite reports not one glimmering beam of
light is perceptible. We must tarry—and, tarrying,
we must repose in confidence upon the capacity of
the French multitude to choose for themselves.
Whatever is their decision it should, and will, be held
sacred. The future President will be the embodi-
ment of the will of the nation, be that President
LAMARTINB, or CAVAIGNAC, or Louis NAPOLEON.
He will be consecrated by the votes of the people
—votes rendered doubly potent by emanating
from universal suffrage and lying under the shelter of
the ballot. President LAMARTINE, or President
CAVAIGNAC, or President BONAPARTE—the choice of
the electors will have rendered him the very incar-
nation of French nationality.
Rumour declares that, as yet, the Prince Louis
NAPOLEON BONAPARTE has the most probability of
success. Supposing this to be veritably the case, and
presuming that the patriotism of the Prince has ex-
tinguished his ambition, we could yet indulge in a
daydream of the consolidation of the Republican
Government under his Presidency. This day-dream
he might realise, and its realisation would be this :
ARMAND MARRAST, Vice-president of the Republic,
General CAVAIGNAC, Minister of War, M. DE LA-
MARTINE, Minister for Foreign Affairs, M. MARIE,
Minister of Justice, M. GARNIER PAGES, Minister
of, Finance, M. DUPAURE, Minister of the Interior,
General CHANGARNIER, Commander of the National
Guard, General SUBERYIE, Commander of Paris,
General LAMORICIERE, Governor of Algeria, M•
DUPONT (de l'Eure), President of the Council, with-
out portfolio, M. FassLoN, Minister of Public Wor-
ship, M. &NAND, President of the National As-
sembly. With a continuance of the jealousies
which still distract political parties in France,
we must acknowledge that such a combi-
nation and reconciliation appears to be the very
acme of improbability. Yet all might be ac-
complished satisfactorily for France if her different
statesmen had the self-forgetfulness and the unam-
bitious patriotism of M. DR LAMARTINE-•—if they
would consent to take the second, the third, or even
the last place in labouring to secure her happiness.

The accounts from Ireland are still of the most
painful character. Day by day the gloom that over-
hangs the entire country, more especially the southern
and western districts, deepens in intensity. Every
post brings us intelligence of wholesale evictions, of vast
tracts of land being cleared of their miserable inhabi-
tants, of cottages rased to the ground, and the house-
less and homeless wretches who formerly obtained
shelter therein, being driven at this inclement season
from their humble abodes without a morsel of food or
the protection of a roof. On the other hand, we are
told of absconding tenants ; of those who have the
ability, but not the will to satisfy the just demands of
their landlords, who convert their entire stores into
cash, and fly from their native land to seek a home
on the other side of the Atlantic, leaving large arrears
not only of rent, but also of rates, tithe, rent charge,
and other demands that remain charges on the hold-
ings, and must, of course, be satisfied by the defrauded
proprietors. It would, in fact, Appear as if a fierce
conflict was carried on between the landlord and
tenant classes, as if the sole object of each was to
inflict the utmost degree of injury on the other. Of
course there are many honourable exceptions. Men
are to be found who discharge their duties honestly
and conscientiously; but we regret to say that the
general rule is otherwise, and it requires but little
prescience to foresee the inevitable result. We have
been told, on the highest authority, " that a house
divided against itself cannot stand." Society in Ire-
land is, unhappily, so divided ; and unless peace can
be restored between the belligerents—unless both
parties are disposed to yield a little, and to act
upon a system of reciprocity and mutual advantage,
it will be vain to hope for the arrival of more
prosperous and happier days.
This untoward state of affairs may partly be attri-
buted to the enormous burdens that press with equal
severity upon all. The great mass of the people are
kept in a state of idleness, unprofitably consuming
the resources of the country. A want of capital, or
rather a want of circulating medium sufficient for
the national exigencies prevents the peasantry from
obtaining employment, as they cannot maintain
themselves by the wages of their labour; they are
driven to the poor-rates for support, and these poor-
rates absorb the greater portion of the produce of the
land, and a perpetual struggle is thereby occasioned be-
tween the proprietors and occupiers of the soil—both
classes cannot be supported thereout. The diminu-
tive profits will not bear division. They therefore,
repeaontively,endeavour to oppress or to defraud their
opponents, to obtain all for themselves.
The
re an
aonlmyaydequate remedy for the sufferings of
Ireland is
may
be
the due development of her industry.
Therer
question is the best means by which profitable
providedemploy-
ment
practical
odp e
eo p l
oe
f, a anda
i l
it
nb
ge onlyour-
selves u r .
selves of these opportunities
relief to the labouring
clmses
wbyithaoffuotrdbiun
community at large. aonrgd eni n g effectualth e
plainest and most
obvious of these methods We Wouldgthe
again, altphrooupegrh
at
n..e
have already repeated it ue ad
the reclamation of the waste lands, and a azra, refer to
tention to the Irish fisheries.
The second letter of our esteemed correspondent,
Mr. RIGBY WAGON, to LORD JOEIN Rusg:ti
which will be found in extenso in another column'
exposes, with caustic severity, the absurdity of the
maxims and rules of the " One-eyed men," of those
who cannot perceive that the only alternative that
remains is whether the Government will feed the

people in some of the Irish unions, or compel them
to work in exchange for the food that must be
given to them. It is impolitic for the Government to
employ the people, cry the " One-eyed men"—it is
impolitic to interfere with the rights of property. So
the people are demoral,ted by being maintained in
idleness ? Tenormous expense, but then they are
not employed by the State. The lands remain waste
and uncultivated, alike unprofitable to their nominal
owners and to the community in general, but then the
rights of property are preserved inviolate. Thus
everything of practical utility is sacrificed to the

maintenance of an abstract principle—the substance
is lost while seeking to retain the shadow.

Many persons will oppose obstacles to every
practical suggestion that is made to ameliorate
the condition of the people. Some impediments will
be discovered to every proposition that is brought
forward for the improvement of the country. It is
one of the worst features in the Irish character that
there is invariably a craving for something beyond
their reach, while the existing means are disregarded
and neglected. The same failing is perceptible
among men of every grade and station in society,
from the most exalted to the humblest. A letter on
the state of Ireland, which appeared this day in a
morning contemporary, and purported to come from
an " Irish Peer " affords a strong illustration of this
phase of the Irish character. The Irish Peer
objects that the reclamation of the waste lands
will not pay that, therefore, the bogs should
not be drained the mountains brought into
tillage. Against this, however, we have the
published report of one of the first engineers now
living, who has not hesitated to affix his name to a
document stating that more than three-and-a-half
millions of acres could be brought into cultivation
so as to pay ten per cent. at least on the amount of
expenditure. We need scarcely ask which autho-
rity is the highest, the anonymous Peer, who we
doubt not is thoroughly convinced of the correctness
of his own conclusions, or the well-known engineer,
whose character is, to a certain extent, at stake on the
accuracy of his judgment.
Again, the Peer complains of the difficulties of
carrying on the fisheries on the western coast. The
fish lie far at sea, and require large vessels of 50 tons
at least to be employed in their capture ; there is no
market for the fish when obtained, nor salt to cure
them. These difficulties are, however, by
no means insuperable. Why not obtain a
better class of vessels ? There is no in-
vestment would prove more remunerative. Why
not establish stations, as we have already suggested,
at certain intervals along the coast, where the fish
would be purchased and sent to market, and salt
distributed to those who required it ? There are
obstacles certainly, but they are by no means in-
superable, and it is essential that the Government
and the people should co-operate cordially together,
and they will be easily overcome.

THE FRENCH REPUBLIC.

We have received the Paris papers of yesterday.
The election on Sunday passed off very quietly.
The weather was very fine and the streets were
crowded, but there was not the slightest appearance
of any attempt to create a disturbance.

The Gazette des Tribunaus says—" There is
nothing in the appearance of the population to justify
the fears which certain agitators have endeavoured to
create in the minds of the people. The most ener-
getic measures, however, have been taken in all
parts of the capital to repress immediately, and on
its first appearance, any attempt that may be made to
create disorder.

The Journal des Debats says—" From what we
have seen at the polling places we imagine that the
number of voters must be much more considerable
than they have been on any former occasion.
The only return yet received is that of the votes
on board the flotilla which was to have formed the
expedition to Civita Vecchia. Under the idea that
they were to sail immediately, their votes were taken,
and the following is the result :
LOUIS NAPOLEON 1,064
General CAVAIGNAC . 914
A few votes were given to M. DE LAILARTINB and
M. LEDEU- ROLLIN.

Telegraphic dispatches have been received by the
Government from many of the departments. The
election was proceeding in all of them in a perfectly
orderly manner.
M. RECURT has written a letter to the Auemblle
Nationale, declaring that the statement made by that
journal of his having placed in the situation of sub-
director of the octroi duties a person named BonusAu,
the confidant and accomplice of Final; is an infa-
mous calumny. He calls on that journal to insert in
its earliest number the letter of denial.

The journal in which this calumny appears is the
recently established organ of the Orleanists, and may
be considered as the successor of the celebrated
Npoque, which was conducted by the notorious
GAREIEE DE CASSAIGNAC and his brother-in-law, the
convicted perjurer DE BEAUVALLON.

The election for Deputy to the
.National Assembly
for Corsica has terminated in the return of M. Louis
LWCIEN BONAPARTE, the son of the late LUMEN
BONAPARTE, and brother of the Prince of CmaiNo.
The numbers were—

M. Louis Lucien Bonaparte
General Arrighi ............

General ARRIGLI-I was recommended to the electors
by J EROME BONAPARTE, ex-King of Westphalia,
by his son NAPOLEON, and by Prince Louis NAPO-
LEON', in opposition to M. LOUIS LUCIEN BONAPARTE.
LUCIEN and his sons were always, on account of their
uncompromising republicanism, objects of fear and
dislike to the other members of the BONAPARTE family.
There was a Socialist banquet at the Barrilere du
Maine on Sunday, at which 1,400 guests were pre-
sent. One of the speakers, aM. MARLE, boasted that
one of his sons was among the number of those trans-
ported, and that another had been in prison for a long
time. " That is nothing," added this flaming " red"
patriot, tti brought them up for it."
The Constitutionnel which seems ambitious of
equalling the Press* in the invention and publication
of calumnies, having stated on Saturday that General
CAVAIGNAC had appointed M. BLEISE to the office of
Director of the Mont de Piet6, and had increased the
salary of the office from 10,000 f. to 16,000 f., because
M. BLEISE was one of the editors of the National, has
been obliged in its number of Monday to publish the
following letter from M. BLEISE himself.
" Paris, Dec. 10, 1848.
" Monsieur le Redacteur—The note which you yester-
day published, relative to my nomination to the func-
tions of director of the Mont de PAIS of Paris, is com-
pletely inexact. 1. I was not named director by an
order signed by General Cavaignac on November 25;
my nomination goes back to May 30, and was made by
M. Recurt, then Minister of the Interior. It is not,
therefore, a nomination in catremis, and the delay of my
installation was caused by considerations which have no
connexion whatever with the present situation. 2. lam
not one of the editors of the National, nor have I ever
had the honour of writing in any journal. 3. I do not
receive 15,0001. of salary, the amount at present being
only 10,000 f., having been reduced a third. If that
amount is too high, let it be again reduced. Those who
are acquainted with me, know that pecuniary motives
have never actuated my acts. This is perhaps a case to
repeat, according to a celebrated diplomatist, and with-
out meaning to allude in any way to the directicn of
the office of my honourable predecessor, that in admin.
istrative matters nothing is so dear as what is gra-
tuitous."

The following is stated to be the result of the first
day's polling at Boulogne. Of course it can only be
at best an approximation to the truth, and the infor-
mation is derived from one of the most unscrupulous
of the reactionary party :
Louis Napoleon ... ••• ... 4,578
General Cavaignac ... ... 2,260
..
Ledru-Rollin ••• •-• ... 235
Raspail ••• ••• ••• ••• 7
Lamartine ... ... ••• •• 7

On Sunday night, at half after twelve, a conflict
took place at a wine-shop outside the Barrier du Trone
between some Garden Mobiles and some troops of
the line. The Mobiles being the minority at first
were beaten. They sought the assistance of their
comrades, and returned reinforced, when a battle com-
menced between them with side arms, in which two
soldiers were killed outright, and several on each side
were wounded.

The Nouvelliste of Marseilles says that the troops
and seamen in the port voted as follows :
General Cavaignac ... • • .. 1,282
Louis Bonaparte ... .., ... 895

Louis Napoleon .. .. .. 69
Napoleon ... ••• ••• • • 8
Ledru-Rollin 406
.. ••• • •
Lamartine .. .. ... .. 64

- -
announces the arrival of Colonel
Camp of General CATAIGNAC, who, after an interview
with M. FEBSLO!, Minister of Public Instruction and
The
jf A theaß A 8s
,t h
it instant,i
d de.
Ecclesiastical Affairs, embarked for Gaeta, in the
Averne steam packet.
BOURSE—PARIV, MONDAY, DEC. 11.
THREE o'Cnocc —The Bourse was in a state of ex-
ceeding agitation to-day, and the rise which commenced
at the beginning of last week made further progress to-
day.. The fact is, that the appearance of the great
majority in favour of Louis Napoleon is considered
favourable to the cause of order, as the new Govern-
mentoasuwniltel,fhrooyr a time at least, be an exceedingly strong
ultra-Republican ,
rstatesmanen
ahirnrtele.. France,pweirlwill
C SWeunipttphs
o.tr
have
ae
vieet X. CaeFdpvot iarennct
the
otAhncee
55c.; the Five per Cents. have advanced If. 35c.; and
the Loan, If. 50c. For Aloney, the Three per Cents.
have risen 50c.; the Five per Cents, have risen If. 55e.;
and the Loan If. 70c. Bons du Tior not quotes; Bank
of France Shares have improved, 30f.; Belgian Bank
Shares and Funds not quoted; Spanish Funds not
quoted,
(90 days), 25 37i. Exchange on London (30 days), 25 474; ditto
1 BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THAI
LONDON STOCK-EXCHANGE, Dxc. 11.
Northern of France, 6—Orleans and Bordeaux, iA.

SPAIN.

Madrid journals of the sth inst. have arrived.
It appears that the Government has some mis-
givings as to the ulterior intentions of the British
Government as regards the case of Colonel BRISTOW
and the payment of the bondholders, and that in con-
sequence NARVAEZ, MoN, and SAUTORIUS have de-
vised a scheme for duping the Anglo-Spanish bond-
holders, and for preventing Lord PALMERSTON from
adopting measures to obtain justice for them at the
hands of the Spanish Government. NARVABZ and
Co. have, it appears, instigated a certain banker to
write to London to urge the bondholders to petition
the Spanish Government for a settlement of their
claims. Should the bondholders be so simple as to adopt
this course it will render all remonstrance at any time
on the part of the English Government impossible,
as the Spanish Government will appeal to this peti-
tion as proof that the bondholders have left the ques-
tion of settlement entirely in the hands of Spain.
The bondholders, should they sign this petition, will
be for the moment entirely at the mercy of the
Spanish Government.
The Gaceta publishes the following
" ROYAL DECREE.

"In conformity with the report of my Council of
Ministers, I hereby decree that in all churches through-
out the dominions of Spain public prayers shall be put
up for three successive days, all the clergy, authorities,
and corporations being in attendance, with previous in-
vitation to the faithful, in order to emplore the assistance
of the Most High, that the necessities of the Catholic
Church, and the tribulations of its universal Pastor may
have a happy and speedy termination.
" Given at the Palace, the 4th Dec., 1848. Is signed
by the royal hand. The Minister of Grace and Justice,
Lorenzo Arrazola." _ _

A letter from La' Bisbal, of the 27th, in the
Barcelones, says that MARSAL, with 300 to 400
Carlist infantry, and 50 cavalry, 20 of whom were
Lancers, entered that place at three P.M. on the pre-
vious day, and remained two hours. They made
several purchases, and paid freely for everything they
had. Another letter estimates MARSAL'I force at 600
infantry, and 56 cavalry, and says they made pri-
soners of three soldiers in the town, and that MARSAL
took care to warn the corporation, and other persons
also went to visit him, not to give him the trouble to
come again to collect the contribution allotted to
their town: which it appears is levied according to
the scale of 1840.

CABRERA, accompanied by MAESAL and ESTAItTUS,
with 800 men, passed through Cabella on the 2d,
retreating before the greatly superior forces of Gene-
ral ERNA. and Brigadier NouviLLos, in the direction
of the mountains of Monseny. Numbers of the
Government troops were knocked up in the pursuit,
whilst the Carlists) went on their way singing their
war songs, and quite ready for the next enterprise
CARRERA might have in hand for them.
The account of the capture of one of TRISTANIS iS
true; but the account of the defeat of his band is
untrue. TRISTANI and two of his men were waiting
in a farm-house to effect an exchange of prisoners,
when they were pounced upon and captured.
MADRID BOLSA, DEC. s.—The Three per Cents.
were done to-day at 20 cash, and were 19 13 16 to
buyers after the close; Five per Cents., 9t buyers,
buyers after the close; Coupons, Stbuyers ; Passive
Debt, 3f buyers, 13-16 sellers ; Bank Shares, 52
buyers, 64 sellers. Discount on Notes, lf. Ex-
change on London, 48 40.