The Sun.
London, England, 1848-07-11 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, _ TUESDAY EVENING, JULY 11, 1848.

for trial, and also in preparing the indictments, tem-
pered justice with mercy, and exhibited a striking
instance of forbearance. An example had become
necessary to convince those who desired to effect
changes in the law of the land by violence and in-
timidation, and to coerce those who conscientiously
differed from their political views and sentiments,
that the law was supreme, and that alterations and
reforms, however desirable in themselves, could only
be sought for by strictly legal and constitutional
means. In doing so, however, none were prosecuted
but the ringleaders, and those who, by the audacity of
their language and the seditious and inflammatory
sentiments to which they gave utterance, proved that
they were ready to go to the utmost lengths in the
dangerous course on which they had entered, to
poison the minds of their hearers, and, if possible, to
prepare them for becoming in turn instruments of
mischief. Every person who was present, in
any manner participating in the proceedings,
was legally responsible for the consequences ;
but none such were selected, and in no single instance
can it be asserted that the party was not morally, as
well as legally, guilty of the offences laid to his
charge.
There was no less leniency shown in the nature of
the charges preferred. The indictments were for
misdemeanour only, although, had the Government
desired to inflict a heavier measure of punishment,
convictions could as easily have been obtained under
the recent Act, which would have led to the expatri-
ation of the convicted parties for a long term of
years. It should be mentioned that there was no
creation of a new crime in England by that statute.
Under the law previously in force the parties guilty of
that open and advised speaking might have been tried,
and, if convicted, would have suffered death as traitors,
The law was then assimilated in all parts of the
United Kingdom, and while it was rendered more
stringent in Ireland, where the privilege belonging
to every British subject of full and free discussion
had been most grievously abused, its severity was
materially mitigated in this country. No reasonable
complaint could, therefore, have been made if the
Government had instituted proceedings thereunder,
and if the fate of JOHN MITCHEL had been awarded
to those who professed his principles, and strove to
propagate them amongst crowded auditories of the
poorer classes, who, without occupation or employ-
ment, were too ready to lend a ready cre-
dence to the insidious statemepts made, and
to follow the fatal advice offered to them. It was
not, however, necessary to go to such lengths
in this country. The people generally had not been
led astray—the magnificent demonstration of the
lovers of order on the 10th of April had testified that
there was no real danger beyond the temporary in-
convenience that might take place. The Executive
could, therefore, afford to be merciful; a prolonged
imprisonment of the offenders would show the power
and determination to enforce the law, and to prevent
a repetition of similar conduct, as well as their banish-
ment, and therefore the mitigated charge was only
pressed against them.
We cannot conclude without remarking on
the contrast exhibited between the state of Lon-
don during the past week and of Dublin du-
ring the continuance of the state trials. There
everything was excitement and feverish anxiety
--here nothing more extraordinary was apparent
than if some of the most paltry pickpockets had been
placed on their trial ; and Messrs. FUSSELL, WIL-
LIAMS, VERNON, SHARVE, LOONEY, and JONES, are
consigned to their respective cells without awaking
one single emotion save of pity and contempt.

The minority of Eighty-four must not be forgotten.
Although Parliamentary Reform—as embodied in the
motion of Mr HllME—has been denied to the popula-
tion of England by the House of Commons, that
Reform has only been stayed off, not rendered impos-
sible; it has only been impeded for a moment, not
indefinitely postponed; it has not been dropped into the
bottomless pit of oblivion, but has been buried for a
while only to prepare for a more glorious and trium-
phant resurrection. As far as the records of
Hansard can influence us in such an opinion, it
would really seem that questions of reform grow
something after the fashion of asparagus—sprouting
up fruitlessly for the first two or three seasons only
to be lopped off, to wither away, and to rot into the
ground, again to sprout up, again to be lopped off,
and again to wither away—until the crop rises
up at last in its real strength and maturity. Such
is reform. Such was the progress of the famous
measure passed in 183 a ; such was the progress of
Catholic Emancipation ; such was the progress of
negro emancipation ; such was the progress of
free-trade in corn, and in other articles of mer-
chandise. The doom of procrastination is inevitable ;
the ordeal of disappointment must be passed through ;
the patience of the community must be exercised.
Or, if we would have it otherwise—if we would
avoid the misery of procrastination, the annoyance
of disappointment, and the discomfort of compulsory
patience—we must abandon the moral-force system
for the physical-force system ; we must run the
hazard of destruction instead of tarrying for
the certainty of success; we must listen
to the advice of the clever madman, JOHN MizoriEL,
instead of listening to the rational and logical recom-
mendations of RICHARD COBDEN. Which shall we
do ? How shall we act ? Reason, humanity, pa-
triotism, expediency—all give the same answer. We
must wait I Not sullenly, or doubtingly, or in-
actively—but with resolution, with unanimity, with
ardour in our exertions, and with a perfect confidence
as to their result. So then let us act ; but mean-
while let not the minority of Eighty-four be for-
gotten.
Since the popular movement began in real earnest
with the commencement of the present century—no
reform has ever, on its first introduction, experienced
a defeat so singularly propitious. No first
division upon a motion chalking out such
enormous innovations has ever given such a splendid
and auspicious minority—a minority of Eighty-four,
Those eighty-four names are worth remembering, as
the names of eighty-four real Reformers, staunch
friends of the people, politicians entitled henceforth
to the perfect confidence of their fellow-countrymen.
Look at the names of those already familiar to the
Parliamentary historian. Besides the two distin-
guished tellers JOSEPH HUME and RICHARD
COBDEN, of whom it were superfluous for us to speak
in terms of eulogium—there are such men as—
CHARLES VILLIERS, the staunch antagonist of Pro-
tection in the days when to be a free-trader was to
be an outcast from the political circles Joins
BRIGHT, the second man of the League—GEOßGE
FREDERICK MUNTZ, the Member for Birmingham—
Tir °SIAS WAKLEY, of Finsbury—PEYRONNET THOMP-
SON, the author of Catechisms, as witty as Peter
Plymley and as unanswerable as Peter Porcupine—
RALPH BERNAL OSBORNE, of Middlesex—the Right
Hon. CHARLES TENNYSON D'EYNCOURT, of Lambeth
—Alderman HULIPHERY, of Southwark—the Right
Hon. THoMAs MILNER GIBSON, of Manchester—the
Hon. GRANTLEY BERKELEY, of West Gloucestershire
—the Hon. CRAVEN FITZHARDINGE BERKELEY, the
Liberal representative, who, as a long- tried, bold,
and Radical Reformer, has just been returned for the
fifth time for the borough of Cheltenham—Dr. Bow-
RING, the Learned Member for Bolton—M/11.1.1Am
SHARMAN CRAWFoRD, of Rochdale—Gen. Sir DE LACY
EVANS, of Westminster—WlLLlAM EWART, of Dum-
fries—GEOßGE THOMPSON, the eloquent representative
of the Tower Hamlets—OSMAN RICARDo, of Worcester
—Lord NUGENT, the noble philanthropist who sits for
the borough of Aylesbury—Sir BENJAMIN HALL, of
Marylebone, with his noble colleague Lord DUDLEY
STUART—besides sixty-three others, amongst whom
—the most marvellous of all—must be especially re-
membered the gifted representative of Canterbury,
the Honourable GEORGE, AUGUSTUS, FREDERICK,
PERCY, SYDNEY SMITHE ! These men, and especi-
ally the names we have enumerated, must not
be forgotten. They deserve our recollection and
they shall have it. When the ballot IS gained,
when the country is mapped into electoral dis-
tricts, when Parliament is triennial, when there
is a household suffrage—and the day when all
these things shall have been accomplished is by
no means distant—the names of COBDEN, HUME,
VILLIERS, the BERKELEYS, the THOMPSONS, BRIGHT,
BowRING, VEYNCoURT, and their confreres, shall
be remembered. We promise them that. We, who
are compelled by our nature, by our inclination, and
by our responsibilities into a perpetual vigilance.
They shall not be forgotten.

THE FRENCH REPUBLIC.

NATIONAL ASSEMBLY.

We have received the Paris papers of yesterday.

- -
Paris was perfectly tranquil, but new arrests and
new searches continue to be made every day. Among
other houses which hare been searched is the hotel of
Queen CHRISTINA, in the Rue de Courcelles. The
Legitimatists are, it is said, deeply implicated in the
insurrection, and many of the elite of the Faubourg
St. Germain have perished in the barricades. Among
the slain the blouse and casquette of the workman
has been frequently found covering the fine cambric
shirt of the noble, and the small white and delicate
hands which clutched the musket had evidently
never toiled. None of the bodies thus discovered
have been owned by ther relatives, although several
of them have been recognised.
The Journal des Debats says :

" The investigation into the circumstances of the late
insurrection is far from being terminated. MM. La-
caille, Puget, and Haequin, juges d'instruction at
the civil tribunal of Paris, and MM. Deusy,
Vincent, and Rine Dubail, advocates, adjoined by
the Government to the military commission, act
permanently at the fort of Ivry. They have
already heard upwards of 800 prisoners. It is in that
fort that are detained the leaders of the barricades, the
principal insurgents, and the presumed assassins of
General Brea and Captain Mangin. One of these pri-
soners, the bead of the barricade of Fontainbleau, re-
lates with a frightful cynicism that when General Brea
perceived that he had been drawn into a snare, he
came up to him and said, Friend, save me, and I will
always regard you as my father—it is easy for you to
save me 1' A quarter of an hour after, the General was
dragged into a guard-house and pierced with upwards
of thirty balls. It was the same man who gave the
signal and fired the first shot. Captain Desmaretz, of
the 24th Regiment of the line, who escaped by means of
concealing himself under a bed, has just identified Pain,
Nourrit, and Maillard as parties concerned in that
dreadful act. There are still 700 prisoners to be inter-
rogated at Ivry. Several insurgents have signified their
readiness to make revelations. On their indications,
250 warrants were issued on Saturday, principally
against marchands- de-vin, keepers of lodging-houses,
and even some persons in a high position."
The Union says—

"The insurrection of June has mysteries yet un-
known. The Investigating Committee is on the path of
great discoveries. We are informed that an insurgent,
depositary of a terrible secret, has written a letter to M.
Antony Thouret, representative of the people, to offer
to reveal it to him, in exchange for his liberty, stating
that on the secret depends the safety of the Republic.
M. Antony Thouret, without prejudging anything on
this grave proposition, instantly remitted the letter to
the President of the Committee of Investigation."

The number of prisoners already arrested amounts
to 16,000.

A meeting of the mayors of the arrondissements
was held tiio days ago, under the presidency of the
Mayor of Paris. At this meeting reports were re-
ceived of the results of the general or partial dis-
armaments in the different legions. The following
account is given of them, and other subjects of dis-

tion of all kinds was used; black flags were placed at the
windows, the effigies of the landlords were hung at the
door, and even threats of death put forth, and the flags
and illuminations employed as signs of rejoicing became
the means of forcing the landlords to abandon their
rights.
"If this state of things were to continue, property
would become annihilated. Many of the landlords
would be unable to meet their engagements, to pay their
taxes, or to provide for their families. A general de-
preciation of property would thus take place, which
would involve both landlord and tenant in the same ruin
and misery, and condemn them both to the direst want.
"Such cannot certainly be the intention of honourable
and patriotic citizens. They have taken up arms in the
ranks of the National Guards, when on the 16th April
Paris reduced to nothing a handful of factious men to the
cry of 'A bus le Communism !' and they fought in the
terrible days of June those ferocious insurgents who, had
they have gained the mastery, would have decreed pil-
lage, and annihilated property."
On Saturday the report of General Ounznov, in the
name of the War Committee, was distributed to the
Representatives. The report proposes that the effec-
tive force of the army in Paris and the environs shall,
from the 20th of this month, and until otherwise
ordered, be 50,000 men at least, and that they shall
be so placed as to be able to be concentrated in Paris
in less than a day's march. The Committee does not
fix any period during which this force is to be main-
tained, but makes it dependent on the general' inte-
rests of the Republic and the decisions of the As-
sembly. From returns presented by the Minister of
War, it appears that sixty-three battalions of in-
fantry, forming an effective force of 47,250 men, can
be brought to Paris or the environs, as also fifty-two
squadrons of cavalry, consisting of 6,000 men,
in all 53,250 men, without including the special of
sedentary corps of artillery, engineers, gendarmerie,
and veterans, and the battalions of the garde mobile,
amounting to 15,000 men. At present, the total
number of troops in Paris and the vicinity is 45,000.
The journal of the Abbe DE LAMENNAIS (the Potpie
Constituant), and that of M. PRIIMION (the Repre-
sentant du Peuple) have been suppressed by an order
of General CAVAIGNAC.

The project for imposing a heavy legacy duty on
successions was yesterday considered in the bureaux
of the Assembly. In most of the bureaux the Mem-
bers declared themselves against the measure.
The heart of General NEQRIER was yesterday trans-
ferred from the Hotel de Vile to the Hotel des In-
valides, in the vaults of which it is deposited. A
great many general officers, and a large body of
National Guards and troops of the line, attended, as
well as a deputation from the Assembly, and most
of the members of the Government and other public
authorities. The vase containing the heart was re-
ceived at the Hotel des Invalides by Marshal Ouni-
NOT, and deposited by him in the vaults along with
the remains of a great number of the greatest war-
riors of France.

The National Assembly met yesterday at a
quarter past two.
The President read a letter from the Committee of
Inquiry appointed to examine into the circumstances
connected with the late insurrection, stating that as M.
Landrin, one of the Members, considered that he might
be called on to appear as a witness relative to the events
which had preceded that crisis, thought it advisable to
give in his resignation. The Committee fully appre-
ciated the delicacy of sentiment which had prompted
this conduct, and had to express their regret at being
deprived of the co-operation of their colleague. "
The
National Assembly will now," said the Hon. President,
" have to decide whether it will be advisable to replace
M. Landrin or not. The Committee have been sitting
for a fortnight, and perhaps it may not be unattended
with inconvenience to now introduce another person
amongst the Members who has not been present at all
the proceedings. What does the Assembly decide?"
It was decided that no person should be appointed in
M. Landrin's place.
The President—l have also the melancholy duty to
inform the Chamber that I have received a letter from
the testamentary executor of General lluvivier, inform-
ing me that that distinguished officer had expired on
Saturday morning at half-past four o'clock. His last
thought was given to France, which he always loved so
well, and for which at last he gave his life. I think the
Assembly will agree with me in the propriety of sending
to the funeral of our deceased colleague a grand deputa-
tion of fifty Members.—(Cries of " Yes, yes.")
The names of fifty representatives were then selected
by lot.

The President had also to state, that on Saturday he
and several of the Vice-Presidents, accompanied by the
Bishop of Orleans, one of the representatives, had visited
the civil and military hospitals in the name of the
National Assembly. They had found that 1,500 patients
still remain in these establishments.—(Sensation.) " We
beheld," said the Honourable President, " much suffering
in the course of our said tour ; but we also perceived
marks of the greatest resignation. As much as the pa.
tienta manifested courage and resolution in the late con-
flict, so much do they now exhibit calm and patience in
their hour of suffering. We everywhere assured them
of the sentiments of interest which actuate the National
Assembly with respect to them, and in all cases our
words were received with every mark of gratitude. We
also heard on every side the strongest declamations in
favour of order and liberty.—(Hear, hear.) I cannot
conclude without paying a proper tribute to the devoted.
ness manifested by the medical men, the dressers, the
sisters of charity—in fact, all the persons engaged in
affording the necessary cares to the patients. Intelli-
gence has been received as to the state of our colleagues
Bixio and Dornes. The wound of the former is making
but slow progress, but strong hopes are entertained of
his eventual cure ; as to Dornes, he is going on satis-
factorily. I have also to say that General Bedeau is in
a way of cure, and that he will appear amongst us be-
fore long."—(Marks of satisfaction.)
A Representative—l can state that the accounts from
the hospital of the Val de Grace state that General Da-
mesme, though still suffering from fever, is going on
favourably.—( Hear, hear.)
The order of the day was the discussion on the Bill to
encouragenn ay rd thepo lv
Aivoluntary engagement in the army of
nteen to twenty years of age.
intereste was a declaration from
Minister of the Intetior, who stated that
youngruf. eh
so menel
of t
fromitnoifss
the object of the Bill being to furnish to the young men
in national workshops a means of provision for the future,
he thought it right to say that though these establish-
ments were dissolved, the same necessity still existed for
the adoption of the Bill.
The Bill was then adopted.

The Assembly next adopted without opposition the
500,000 f. for hospitals and
other
d echaritable
ai
nesrtei
tdui tti
oonts.

The Bill, according a pension of 250 f. a year to such
of the Guard Mobile as had been decorated for their gal-
lant conduct during the late insurrection, was also
adopted, without remark.
The Bill demanding 500,000 f. for the service of the
secret police was next brought forward.
The Minister of the Interior wished to observe that
the credit demanded was evidently not sufficient, parti-
cularly after the deplorable events which had lately taken
place. The Government, however, thought it better
not to demand any larger sum at present. When• the
credit now granted was exhausted, the Government
could again come and demand funds from the Assembly.
As to the additional article proposed by the Committee,
that a Special Commission should have the power of
examining how the funds were expended, the Govern-
ment accepted it fully.
M. Creton observed that it was most essential that the
adoption of the Bill now under examination ought not to
be considered as drawing a sponge over the accounts of
the Provisional and Executive Governments. Such an
act would not be worthy of the attention which the As-
sembly ought to pay to everything relating to the ex-
penditure of funds, nor would it be just towards the
Governments which had directed the affairs of the coun-
try up to the late insurrection. He trusted light would
be thrown on this matter.

M. Garnier Pages observed that undoubtedly the As-
sembly had a right to inquire into and verify all accounts
connected with the Government. He had, when before
the Finance Committee, demanded whether it would not
be its pleasure to have a full and detailed account
brought before it of the expenses of the Government,
from Februrry 24; the Committee had considered such a
course advisable, and had ordered the accounts to be
sent in. He would say that the Executive Committee,
far from baying any objection to that course, on the
contrary, were most anxious to have a full statement
laid before the Assembly.—(Hear, hear.)
M. Pagnerre observed that the accounts would be all
ready to be presented in a few days.
The Bill was then adopted.
The next order of.the day was the discussion on the
I Bill to regulate the service of the short-hand writers
employed to take down the discussions of the Assembly,
but on the proposition of a Representative to postpone it
until the*budget of the Assembly was fixed, tlse discus-
sion was deferred.
The Assembly then resolved itself into a Secret Com-
mittee, to consider the budget of the Chamber.
The public tribunes were cleared at four o'clock. it
being understood that the public sitting was over for the
day.
It was rumoured yesterday in the National Assem-
bly that M. AEMAND MARRASW had resigned the office
of Mayor of Paris.
The Orleans Railway Company intends to contract
a loan of ten millions of francs.
BOURSE—PARIS, JULY 10.
THREE o'CLoc.x.—There was a stormy reaction at
the Bourse to-day, which may be attributed principally
to the too rapid rise of last week. There is no doubt,
however, that it was partly occasioned by the uneasiness
now felt as to the designs of the Communists, who are
said to be preparing a new movement. The Bank of
France fell no less than 150 f., the returns published
yesterday being more unfavourable than was expected.
For the account, the French Three per Cents. have
fallen 2f. 50c.; Five per Cents. have fallen lf. 75c. For
money, the Three per Cents. have fallen 2f. 25c.; Five
per Cents. have fallen 2f.; Bons du Tresor are at 141.
dis.; Bank of France Shares have fallen 150 f.; Belgian
Bank Shares are not quoted; Belgian Two-and-a-Half
per Cents., not quoted; Roman has fallen 11 per cent.;
Rothschild's Receipts have fallen per cent. Railway
Shares for the account, settling of July 13, have fallen
30f.; Marseilles, llf. 25e.; Northern, 21f. 50c.; Lyons, ,

50c. The others are not quoted. For Money the
Orleans have fallen 65g.; Rouens, 30f.; liavres, 30f.;
and the others in the same proportion.
BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK-EXCHANGE, JULY 10.
Boulogne and Amiens, 714—Namur and • Liege, 3
Northern of France, s%—Orleans and Bourdeaux,
21j4—
Paris and Lyons, 3%—Paris and Rouen, 20—Rouen and
Havre, 9%•—Sambre and Meuse, 2%/s.

of but little, consequence. The very same informa-
tion is contained in another letter, written by an-
other of the prisoners to his brother. We must how-
ever observe that it is not the fault of General
WRANGEL.

We refused to regard the Schleswig prisoners
as insurgents, which the Danes insisted upon in
the terms of exchange.
These minute details of the actual state of things
are most carefully kept from the prisoners, and it would
appear that even the Ministers do not hesitate to give
a false colouring to facts in order to excite the hatred
and indignation of the Schleswigers against their
lawful authorities.

HADERSLEBEN, JULY 4.—The general in command
arrived here yesterday from Christianfeldt, and it is
inferred that he will establish his head-quarters at this
place. The north is garrisoned and protected. Ge-
neral BoNIN is established in Christianfeldt, Prince
FREDERICK in Wogensguard, and further west the
frontiers are patrolled by the outposts. No one anti-
cipated so speedy a retreat of the enemy, considering
that the place is calculated for defence even against a
superior force. The armies, however, are now about
equal, being from 16,000 to 20,000 men. General
WRANGEL appeared in the Schleswig-Holstein camp
a few clays since, and heartily thanked the Prince
for his late able conduct of the troops as well as for
his admirable bearing. Our men are in high spirits,
and if it should come again to an encounter would
certainly fight the Danes most manfully.
A speedy cessation of the war is generally expected
here. GOD grant that it may be concluded without
a sacrifice either of the country or of the people.
Should the Danes again occupy the finest part of the
country the emigration of the greater part of the in-
habitants would immediately take place, for they
would recognise in such a proceeding the germs of a
new war.