The Sun.
London, England, 1846-07-07 00:00:00

PRODUCTION OF COAL IN THE

DIFFERENT STATES OF EUROPE.

After iron there is certainly no proluce of the mineral
kingdom which exercises a greater influence on our com-
mercial relations than coal.

The following is a statistical sketch of the produce of
that article in the different countries of Europe:—
England possesses the richest veins of coal, both as
regards quality and quantity; they form a line from the
south-west to north-east. In Northumberland and
Durham, from the Tweed to the Tees, coal abounds at
Whitehaven, in the hills of Cumberland, in Yorkshire.
and in Lancashire. The most abundant mines are in
Wales.

The consumption of coal in England and in exporta-
tion is so great, that it has often been asked if the mines
would be exhausted; but, according to calculations made
in proportion to the present consumption, they could not
be exhausted under 1500 years—the yearly consump-
tion in Great Britain is 20,000,000 to 21,000,000 tons.
The exportation increased in the following propor-
tions:—ln 1830, 505,421 tons; in 1832, 588,450 tons; in
1834, 621.256 tons ; in 1836, 1.101,000 tons ; in 1838,
1.413,800 tons ; in 1840. 1.162,300 tons ; in 1842,
2,120,000 Vms; and in 1844, 2,410.000 tons.
The number of miners exceeds half a million.

English coal is to be had in every part of the civilised
world; there are depots at Rio Janeiro, at Odessa, at
Archangel, and at Constantinople.
France does not produce enough coal for her own con-
sumption, and is obliged to import. She possesses 250
mines, of which 182 are worked, and which rendered in
1844, 72 000.000 cwt. of coals, to the value of 21,000,000 f.
(840,0001.) The produce is increasing. as in 1815 they
only rendered 17,000.000 cwt. ; 4(1,000 men are em-
ployed in the mines, and traffic belonging to them ; in
1842, the importation of coal into France amounted to
16.718,328 cwt.

France imports her coal from Belgium, England, and
the Prussian provinces on the Rhine.
Spain draws but slfght profit from her abundant
mines. The principal mine is in the Sierra Morena—
the produce is not known. They import but little. In
some of the nrincipal Spanish ports there are depots of
English coal for the steamers.
In Portugal there are depots at Figuiers, at Coimbra,
and near Oporto.

The principal mines of Italy, which produce annually
from 149.000 to 150,000 cwt., are in the Savoy, and near
Genoa. The others scattered over the Penninsula are
of little value, And there are depots of English coal in
the principal ports.
Belgium possesses immense mineral ricl es ; in this
country production increases. In 1831, the produce
amounted to 42,800.000 cwt., and in 1844, it reached
84,232,420. In 1844, the exportation amounted to
1,050,000 tons, a value of about six million florins
(600,0001.)
Holland has no coal mines. There is a single mine in
the county of Limberg. They import all their coal from
England, Belgium, and the Prussian provinces.
Switzerland, though rich in metals, has very little coal,
and imports a quantity from
England. The only mine
of any value in this country is at Hothefeld: in 1845, it
produced 514,969 cwt.
Norway has no coal mines. In Russia the production
of coal does not exceed 800,000 punds. It seems that
between the Don and the Dnieper, and in Siberia, there
are rich coal mines, and the Government are now taking
measures to turn them to account.

Denmark has one insignificant mine at Bornholm, and
imports nearly all her coal from England.
Austria is rich in coal mines, but the produce is not
in proportion with the number of her mines The an-
nual produce of coal in Austria is at least 12,000,000
cwts.; in 1843 it did not exceed 9,000,000. Of this
amount Bohemia produces about one-half; Moravia,
2,000,000; Austria, 1,500,000; Styria, 1,000,000; Ca-
rinthia and the districts of Ogragno, a little more than
500,000; Hungary, 600,000; the coast lands (Kusten-
land), 600,000; Galicia, 3,000; Lombardy, a very small
quantity.

Coalinines exist in nearly every province of the mo-
narchy. In Bohemia there are veins of this mineral all
along the river Brraun, in the north of the districts of
Klattan, Pisen, and Rakovitz, to the neighbourhood of
Prague. There are coal mines in the Erzgebirge, in the
valleys of the Eger and the Biela, and at the toot of the
Riessengeberge. from Schatzlar to Landskron.
The principal mines of Moravia are in the district of
Brunr, near Rossitz and Oflovan, and the coal near the
mouth of the Oder is of a superior quality. In the
Archduchy there are mines near Wieper, Neustadt,
Klingeufurt, Grunbuch, and Gloggnitz ; in Styria, near
Leeb,,n, and Fohnsdorf ; in Carinthia, in the valley of
the Lavan, and in the neighbourhood of Prevali ; in
Dalmatia ; in Lombardy, in the districts of Como and
Pavia ' • in Tyrol, near Haring ; and in Hungary, in the
Carpathian Mountains.
In 1814, Austria exported 973,065 cwt., of which
703.262 cwt. were sent from Bohemia by the Elbe to
Saxony, 25,433 cwt. to Turkey, 23,210 cwt. to Southern
Germany, and 20,542 cwt. to Prussia.

Prussia. possesses 540 coal mines, giving employment
to 25,000 workmen. The produce, in 1844, amounted to
53,000,000 cwt., or a value of 4,500,000 dollars (675,0001.).
In 1841, Prussia imported 3,865,944 cwt., principally
from England. Her exp3rtation was 6,903,474, to Hol-
land, France, and Poland.

In Bavaria the produce is not what it might be; there
are 40 extensive coal mines, principally in her Rhenish
provinces; the produce is about 1.200,000 cwt.
In Saxony the mines are worked with zeal; the pro-
duce amounts to about 4,000,000 cwt.
There are extensive mines near the forest of Thuringen.
The Grand Duchy of Baden possesses some valuable
coal mines.

In the kingdom of Hanover there are coal mines
which occupy more than 1,000 workmen.

Wirtembeig is poor in this respect. The Grand Duchy
of 1-1.-sse, the Duchy of Nassau, the Grand Duchies of
Mecklenburg and Olembourg do not possess coal mines.
In the Electorate of Hesse there are some valuable mines,
producing annually about 900 000 cwt.
Generally speaking, the production of coal in Europe
is susceptible of being greatly developed, especially in
some parts of the Austrian dominions. It is true that
during the last few years much has been done, but there
is still much more to do.

The produce of coal in Europe amounts annually, on
la, rough calculation, to 120,000,000 florins, or 12,000,0001.
stQrling.—Austrian Lloyd's Gazette.

FEARFUL ACCIDENT.—At an early hour on Saturday
morning, a dreadful accident happened to a man named
Thomas Pechett, a painter, living at 5, York-street, Thomas-
street, Westminster, who, while cleaning some windows at a
house in the Horseferry-road, Westminster, slipped from the
cill of the window, and fell a great height on theiron spikes in
front of the fore court. Assistance was promptly rendered,
but the difficulty was to raise him up, as it was found one of
the rails had entered his left side to the extent of five or six
inches. The sufferer was taken to the Westminster Hospital,
and the attention of Mr. Wildbore, the house-surgeon, was
called to the case. He found, that the spike had penetrated
about five inches under the left side, and there are great
fears that the lungs are injured, in which case recovery is
almost hopeless.
Some disturbances took place on the 30th ult., at
Verdun, in consequence of tha populace being irritated
against the bakers for raising the price of bread. The com-
mandant has since received permission from the Minister of
War to place at the disposition of the bakers part of the
military stores; and the mayor has published a proclama-
tion declaring that measures have been taken by the muni-
cipal authorities in favour of the indigent classes.
NEATH.—OUTRAGE ON A MEDICAL GENTLEMAN"—
Between the hours of twelve and one o'clock on the night of
Saturday last Mr. Evan Leyson, surgeon, of Neath, was
travelling on horseback on the turnpike-road near Cadoxton,
on his return after having visited a patient, when he wa
attacked by five men, who assaulted him most violently.
After having been severely beaten, Mr. Leyson called out,
entreating them to desist, at the same time observing that
he had but one eye, and if they persisted in their brutality
much longer they might deprive him of the other. On this
the parties appeared to recognise him, for one of them ex-
claimed, " Oh, it is Mr. Leyson." All then instantly de-
camped. Mr. Leyson, who had sustained considerable, but
we are happy to learn not severe injuries, returned to the
Green Dragon public-house, Cadoxton, and in the course of
a short time managed to get home. It is evident the parties
had mistaken Mr. Leyson for some other person, on whom
they had intended wreaking their vengeance. Various
rumours are current in reference to their identity, but as no
certain clue has been obtained, it would not be prudent to
refer more in detail to the reports which are in circulation.—
Cambrian.

SELF•ACTING BALL.—We have been informed that
Mr. F. Stone, watchmaker, of Cardiff, has invented a self-
acting ball, that will run on a level, and keep in motion for
an indefinite number of (say 1,000) years, and that the in-
ventor feels confident he could construct one of a ton weight,
on the same principle, to run any distance. —Bristol Mercury.
A PUBLIC HOUSE TAKEN BY BEES.—On Friday
an unusually large swarm of bees, either from accident orde-
sign, alighted on the top of a chimney at Mr. Paskin's,
Royal Oak Inn, Bi ierly-hill, and appeared to make an at-
tempt to settle. However, in a few seconds, the bulk of the
living mass went down the chimney into a bed-room, where
two females were busily engaged at their toilette, who, as
might be supposed, were dreadfully terrified at the formida-
ble appearance of their unbidden guests; one of them, we
are sorry to say, was much injured from the stings of the
intruders as she attempted to escape. The house was de-
serted
doinsams of few seconds,money to
andantyh
one Landlordcouldin vriaind
thoeffepireed.
mins oflurnuiprdtablo metcluerv.— FrorcaterAire Guardian,