The Sun.
London, England, 1846-11-05 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 5, 1846.

THE LATE STEAM-BOILER EX-

PLOSION.
MR. FAIRBAIRN'S REPORT.

On Monday the adjourned inquest upon the bodies of
the three unfortunate persons who were killed by the
late explosion at Ashton-under-Lyne, was held before
the county coroner.
In consequence of its being known that Win. Fair-
bairn, Esq., C.E., had been directed by the coroner to
draw up a report of the disaster, the room was thronged
by many manufacturers from different parts of the
country. There were also several scientific gentlemen
present.
Mr. John Bayley, one of the masters, said, my part-
ner's name is Richard Dewhurst ; we have had the mill
sixteen months. The engineer we employed is named
Marshall ; we bad no fireman, he did all the work. I
got to the mill on the morning of the accident about a
quarter to six. I went into the boiler-house for a light;
the engine man was attending. to the fire. I lighted up
the warehouse, and returned into the boiler-house, and
lighted a gas which looks over the steam guage. Ac-
cording to the guage, the steam stood about five inches.
I then looked at the water guage, and that was within
an inch of the ordinary working height. I again went
into the warehouse, and had not been in more than two
minutes before the explosion took place. The ordinary
working height is from ten to twelve inches of steam. I
never exchanged a word with the engineer. I bad con •
fidence in Marshall's ability.
In answer to Mr. Barlow, one of the owners of the
property, witness stated that the engine was of 18-horse
power, and that it turned 9,600 mill spindles.
George Brandon said—Mr. Bayley sent for me to start
the engine. It was stopped, and I found a stud of the
eccentric loose. The fly wheel caaght the wall plate,
and broke it. The engine did not start again that day.
John Thomas came on the Monday morning in Crook's
place ; but Mr. Bayley sent him home. Some questions
being asked about the safety valve, Mr. Fairbairn said,
as he understood, there was a wood prop under the lever
of the valve, which kept it down, and prevented any
escape of the steam; witness said, the prop was under
when I went there, and I left it so; I did not apprehend
danger when the engine was at work. I always disturbed
the prop when the steam was about 12 inches. If the
gauge was stopped by dirt, as it sometimes was, I had
no criterion to go by only my own judgment.
In reply to Mr. Earle, the witness said the duty of '
the engineer is to look after the guages and valves, not
the master's I told Crooks he must keep the steam at
twelve inches, or it would plague him. I looked in the
boiler when it was being cleaned yesterday week, and
said at that time to a joiner named James Stafford, this
boiler will cause some accident. I was not aware but
there was a stay from end to end, but it has not. Staf-
ford said tell-Mr. Bayley, and I said I would, but did
not do so, in consequence of being taken sick.
Thomas Crooks said, I live in Cotton-street, and went
to fire up for last witness. I saw the safety-valve was
fast. I said to one of the young masters that it was
dangerous. The peg of the steam gauge stood about 20
inches high. Brandon had it that high when I went ;
it's no use telling a lie about it. The engine was stopped
at this time. The gauge should be 13 when the engine
is on. I was frightened in consequence of the safety-
valve not acting. The boiler had no stay over the fire-
place, and it ought to have had four.
" Mr. Fairbairn said that he had no doubt whatever
but the accident was caused by an over-pressure of
steam. For the purpose of giving the fullest informa-
tion on the subject, he had written out a report which
he read. A portion of this only need be quoted :
" The true cause of the eruption, namely, that the
safety valve was fast, and the engineer being engaged
in cleansing and charging the farnace for nearly halt an
hour previous to the explosion (with no escape for the
steam.), the boiler, as in all such cases, became an in-
strument of destruction, involving the most ruinous re-
sults to all those within the reach of its influence. This
fact, therefore, removes all doubt as to the cause of
this lamentable occurrence, which, like most others of
the same kind, has arisen from culpable negligence of
the engineer, and a callous disregard of consequences too
serious to be contemplated. On no account whatever
should the safety valves of steam boilers be allowed to be
touched after they are once loaded and set, excepting
only for the purpose of ascertaining its free working
condition. * * * * * The safety valve being
fast, and all escape for the steam being closed, it is
easy to conceive what would be the result, namely,
that of excessive pressure, which acting upon the weaker
parts of the boiler, would bear down that over the fur-
nace, and hence follows the total destruction of the build
ings, and the ruinous consequences which ensued. It
will be observed that the boiler in its descent made a
complete somerset, and reversed its position, which can
only be accounted for by the reaction of the forces upon
the furnace end of the boiler, thus producing a rotative
motion during its ascent. In almost every case where
high steam is suddenly liberated the boiler becomes a
projectile of enormous force, which no erection, how-
ever solid, can resist. Before closing these remarks,
I would respectfully direct attention to the heavy re-
sponsibility attached to the management of steam-
boilers. A little more attention would go far to pre-
vent accidents of this kind, if it did not entirely remove
them altogether. On a former occasion I took
the liberty of adverting to the present imper-
fect state of our knowledge, as regards the education
of an exceedingly useful body of men. I mean that class
of engineers into whose hands the lives and property of
the public are entrusted. At present engineers are far
from possessing an adequate knowledge of the elements
of their profession, not yet has their moral condition at-
tained that high standard of character so essential to a
faithful discharge of their respective duties. It will yet
require some years before such men can be trained for
the public service, but I still hope in this age of steam
and steam-engines to see the whole of our steam navy,
railways, and manufactures, guided and governed by a
body of men at once inspiring confidence and respect
This desirable object cannot, however, be attained but
through the joint aid of the Government, railway and
steam navigation companies, including manufacturers in
the erection of normal schools for the education of engineers.
In conclusion I would recommend the same suggestions
which I urged on the occasion of the boiler explosion at
Bolton, that the following regulations be observed.-
Ist. That the practice of placing boilers under buildings
where the workpeople are employed be discontinued.
2d. That two safety valves be attached to each boiler,
one of them to be weighted from the inside to the re-
quired pressure, and to have a long ascending discharge
pipe out of the reach of interference ; the other to be
under the control of the engineer. These valves, in
order to be perfectly safe, should have, respectively, an
area equal to one-half of the steam pipe, or about one
square inch to every two horse of the computed power of
the boiler. 3d. That in cases where boilers are situated
under mills, a mercurial gauge, indicating the pressure of
the steam, and an ascending column of water correspond-
ing with that pressure, will be found of great value in
cases of negligence on the part of the fireman or
engineer. Lastly, each boiler should have a water-
gauge and two fusible fire-plugs composed of suitable
materials."

After the reading of the report, the coroner and jury
were of opinion that no other witnesses was necessary.
A juror wished the last engineer, Marshall, called in,
which was done, and, in answer to questions put to him,
said he bad taken out the prop, from under the boiler,
the day before the accident.
The jury were then left to themselves, an& after a few
minutes' deliberation, returned a verdict of " Accidental
death, caused by an over-pressure of steam, and by reason
al the safety-valve of the said steam-boiler having been
overloaded or pressed down, but by whom, or by what
means, is not known."—Crowds of persons were con-
gregated in the street to hear the result.

FREAKS OF AN ENGINE.—One of the engines on
the 'Taff Vale Railway " ran away" on Wednesday morn-
ing when not very distant from the Bute Dock Terminus;
it dashed onwards, got to the end of the rails which were
turned upwards, knocked them off; and after running a
short way on the gravel and knocking a lamp-post down,
was stopped either for want of steam or by getting its
wheels too deeply embedded in the soil to permit of its
carrying the joke any further. From information we
have received, it seems the accident was caused by these
circumstances :—The coupling chain, connecting the
engine to the tender, broke, upon which, being relieved
of its burden, the engine instantly acquired a great in
crease of speed; the driver, who happened to have one
toot on the tender at the time, fell backwards, so that no
one was left on the engine to shut off the steam, as the
stoker jumped off. Two waggons were much damaged,
but no accident to life or limb occurred.—Cardiff and
Merthyr Guardian.

Tu
ARMY.-Thirty-two gentlemen have been
gazetted as Cornets or Ensigns in the army during the
preceding month, 22 of whom have their commissions,
varying in price from 4501. to 1,200/. each, purchased,
and amounting in the aggregate to the sum of 10,000/.
The following non-commissioned officers have been pro.
moted during the month, and have received the usual
bounty of 100/. each to assist them in their outfit as
commissioned officers:—Sergeant-Major W. Blackburn,
to be Ensign in the 83d Foot; Colour Sergeant J.
Mansfield, to be Quarter-Master in the 2d Foot; Ser-
geant-Major W. Stillwell, to be Quarter Master in the
Rifle Brigade. 31 Ensigns have been promoted to the
rank of Lieutenant, 12 without purchase, and 19 by
purchase. The amount which has thereby changed
hands is 6,9504 the regulated difference for the com-
missions varying from 2001. to 8501. each. 18 Lieutenants
have been promoted to the rank of Captain, 7 without
purchase, and 11 by purchase. The amount which
has thereby changed hands is 10,4001., the regulated
difference for the commissions varying from 1,100/. to
2,7501. each. Six Captains have been promoted to the
rank of Major, five by brevet, and one by purchase.
Amount of purchase-money, 3,5001. Three Majors
have been promoted to the rank of Lieutenant-Cononel
by brevet. Eight Assistant-Surgeons have been pro-
moted to the rank of Surgon, and nine medical gentle-
men have been gazetted as Assistant-Surgeons.
CONTINUED DESECRATION OF THE DEAD.—THE
ST. GILES'S PAUPER BURIAL-GROUND.—According as
the excavations proceed and preparations are made to
sink the
foundations for the new buildings about to be
erected in Short's
-gardens, immediately at the rear of St.
Giles's Workhouse, additionalt
coffins are found at depths
Tar feet
ying from 4to 12from the surface. Although
within the course of six or
beeneight weeks, the remains of
nearly 2,000 persons haveremoved and deposited
at the new burial-ground,dStne'xancras-rostd, it. is evident
grout
ghastly contains a great
that the portion of
about
yboruelit relics of decomposed
number of coffins. The
all directions,
bodies are still to be seen lying
brought.
and the workmen have, within the last flenw
to the surface some 80 or 90 coffins with their
The entire piece of ground laid bare will not bre requiredeonnteto nrets,
to be built upon, but no directions have been give
move the human remains contained in that portion de-
scribed in the plans for the new erections as a " yard."
It is the intention to spread a thick layer of concrete
over the surface, in order to prevent any unwholesome
exhalations.

- -
STOCK EXCHANGE
SPECULATIONS.
The case of Messrs. Roches having caused a great
sensation amongst those who have had anything to do
with railway shares and bargains, we give the form of
the oath administered to the person who prevents himself
to be sworn in as a broker, the copy of the bond entered
into by him, and the copy of the rules, order s, and regu-
lations by which brokers are governed. The public will
see how far attention has been paid to the items of these
documents in the case of Messrs. Roches.
" THE OATH OF A BROKER.
" You shall sincerely promise and swear that you will
truly and faithfully execute and perform the office and
employment of a broker, between party and party, in all
things appertaining to the duty of the said office and em-
ployment, without fraud or collusion, to the best of your
skill and knowledge—So help you God."
" THE BROKER'S BOND.
" Know all men, by these presents, that I, Roches,
am held and firmly bound to the Mayor and com-
monalty and citizens of the City of London, in one thou-
sand pounds of good and lawful money of Great Britain,
to be paid to the said Mayor and commonalty and citi-
zens, or their certain attorney, successors, or assigns, to
which said payment, well and truly to be made, I bind
myself, my heirs, executors and administrators, firmly
with these presents, sealed with my seal. Dated this
day of ---, in the year of our Lord one thousand
eight hundred and —.
" Whereas the above bounden Rochas is by the
Court of Lord Mayor and Aldermen of the City of Lon-
don allowed to be admitted and sworn a broker in public
stock, funds, shares, and other securities for money within
the same city and liberties thereof, to have, use, and
exercise the said office and employment during the plea-
sure of the said Court and no longer—now the condition
of this obligation is such, that if the said Rochas for and
during such time as he shall and doth continue in the
said office and employment shall and do well, faithfully,
and lawfully execute and Naomi the same, with-
out fraud, covin, or deceit ; and shall keep a book or
register entitled " The Broker's Book," and therein truly
and fairly enter all such contracts, bargains, and agree-
ments on the day of the making thereof, together with
the name of both buyer and seller, and the amount or
number and proper description of the stock, shares, or
other securities as aforesaid sold or bought, and the
price of the samd, and deliver or transmit a contract note
to his principal or principals, upon being requested so to
do, within 24 hours after such request, containing therein
a true copy of such entry ; and shall upon demand,
made by his
principal or principals, produce and show
such entry to him or them to manifest and prove the
truth and certainty of such contracts and agreements.
And, for satisfaction of all such persons as shall doabt
whether he is a lawful and sworn broker- or not, shall,
upon request, produce a medal of silver with her Ma-
jesty's arms engraven or stamped on one side, and the
arms of this city, with his name, on the other. And
shall not in any contract, bargain, or agreement, in
which he shall be employed as broker, directly or indi-
rectly, by himself or any other, deal for himself, or make
any gain or profit in buying or selling any stock, shares,
or other securities as aforesaid, over and above the usual
and legal brokerage. And shall not employ or cause,
permit or suffer any person or persons to be employed
with, under, or for him, to act as a broker within the
said city and liberties thereof, not being duly admitted
as aforesaid. Then this obligation to be void and of
none effect, or else to be and remain in full force and
virtues
" Sealed and delivered (the paper being
first duly stamped) in the presence of —"
"BROKERS.
"Rules, orders, and regulations made, ordained, and
established by the Court of Lord Mayor and Aldermen
of the City of London, on Tuesday, the 15th of Sep-
tember, 1818, for the admission of brokers within the
City of London, and liberties thereof, with restrictions
and limitations for the honest and good behaviour of all
persons admitted, or who shall hereafter be admitted by
the said Court, into the office, and employment of a
broker within the said city and liberties thereof :
" 1. That every person applying to be admitted into
the office and employment of a broker shall produce,
and show to the satisfaction of this Court, a certificate of
his having competent skill and knowledge in the parti-
cular trade or business wherein he seeks to be admitted
and acts as a broker, which certificate shall also recite the
nature of his former servitude or otherwise the line of
business he has been brought up in, and has lately
used ; such certificate to be signed by respectable mer-
chants and others, not fewer than six in number, at the
least, using, or carrying on trade, or merchandise.
" 2. That every person so applying to be admitted into
the office and employment of a broker shall, in his pe-
tition to this court for such admission, set forth the line
of business which he intends, as such broker, to pursue,
and shall establish, to the satisfaction of the Court, that
he is conversant with such line of business, and in the
articles he intends to intermeddle with as such broker.
" 3. That no certificate, or recommendation of any
person to be admitted a broker be signed by an alderman
of this city.
" 4. That this court will, from time to time, limit the
admission of brokers to such competent and sufficient
number as this Court in their discretion shall deem meet
and necessary.
" 5. That the order of this Court of the 23d day of
June, 1708—viz., ' that no person shall thereafter be
licensed to exercise the employment of a broker, who
shall drive any other trade; and that all persons who
have been already admitted brokers, and do use or exer-
cise anv trade or calling, shall forthwith leave off and re-
linquish such trade or calling, or otherwise the court will
discharge him or them from the said office and employ-
ment of a broker,' be for the future strictly enforced.
" 6. That no broker shall make out, or take any bill
of parcels in his own name, or receive or take any bill
of parcels or invoice, or act on account of his principal
in his (the broker's) name, nor shall demand, receive,
or take any larger loan of money than the amount of
the usual brokage or commission.
" 7. That in the event of any broker becoming bank-
rupt, making composition with his creditors, or taking
the benefit of the Insolvent Act, his license to act as a
broker shall forthwith cease and determine, and he shall
not afterwards be permitted to exercise the office and
employment of a broker, unless he be re-admitted upon
application to this court.
"8. That every broker shall and do enter every
bargain and contract he shall make in a book, to be kept
in his office or counting-house, and to be intituled
" The Broker's Book," on the day of making every
such bargain, with the Christian and sirname at full
length of both the buyer and the seller, the quantity
and quality of the articles sold or bought, and the
price, the time, and the term of credit agreed upon, and
deliver a contract note to both buyer and seller, or either
of them, upon being requested so to do, within twenty-
four hours after such request respectively, containing a
true copy of such entry.
"9. That no broker shall take or receive double
brekage, that is to say, from both buyer and seller of
the same article, but from the buyer or seller only,
which ever it may happen to be that shall employ him ;
and that no broker be employed for both buyer and
seller in the same transaction, except only in regard to
purchases made by brokers at public sales, and
then always in such cases that the said pur-
chases be made bond fide, and that the name or names
of the principal, or principals be entered iu the broker's
book immediately after the conclusion of the day's sale,
or the space of twenty-four hours next after every such
transaction.
" 10. That every broker shall keep by him an authentic
copy of his admission, under the band of the town-clerk,
and shall produce and show the same, and also the silver
medal delivered to him at the time of his admission, for
his authority, and the satisfaction of a persons con-
cerned to know the same, upon being required so to do
by any such person or persons.
"611. That the penalty of the bond given by the
brokers be increased, and that each broker shall enter
into such bond in the penalty of I,OOOL, and find two
sureties, to be approved of by this Court, who shall also
enter into bond in the penalty of 250/. each, for the due
and just execution by the broker of his said office and
employment.
" 12. That a copy of the bond entered into by brokers,
and the oath taken by them on their admission, be ad-
vertised and otherwise made publie.
" 13. That the names of all brokers admitted and dis-
charged shall, as soon after the order for their admission
or discharge as the same can be conveniently done, be
fixed up, in a conspicuous manner, at the Royal Ex-
change, and otherwise made public, as this Court shall
from time to time deem necessary and order.
" WOODTHORPE."

HORRIBLE ASSASSINATION OF
THREE PERSONS.
(From the Gazette de Tribunaux.)
A terrible and mysterious crime has just been com-
mitted at Six-Fours, near Toulon. The victims are a
man named Corneille and his wife, each about fifty years
of age, and their mother, aged ninety-four. They were
in easy circumstances, and inhabited a farm in the
neighbourhood of the above place, together with a son
and daughter, about twenty years of age. The latter
had passed the night in a neighbouring village, at a re-
lation's, and on returning, the next morning, were aston-
ished to find the doors and window-shutters closed, and
smoke issuing from the crevices. Alarmed at this, they
quickly opened the parlour-shutters, when, to their
horror, they saw their father stretched on the floor in a
pool of blood, having evidently been shot full in the face,
so that his death must have been instantaneous.
He seemed to have been called out of bed to open
the door to some one, as ho had on his trowsers,
but neither shoes nor stockings. On the first
flour was found the body of Madame Corneille,
who had been killed in the same manner as her husband.
As she had on merely her night-;own and an under-
garment it is thought that she bad
been shot while get-
ting out of bed to go to the assistance of her husband.
In the next room was found the body of the poor old
grandmother—almost a centenarian—stretched lifeless
on the bed ; her skull and breast fractured, and her right
arm broken. In order to efface all traces of their crime,
after having taken a hundred francs and a few gold
trinkets, the murderers had coolly taken measures for
ensuring the complete conflagration of the house and its
contents. Under every bed, and in almost every piece of
furniture, were found large quantities of straw and linen
stuff, arranged so as easily to take fire ; these had been
also set fire to in five different places. The murderers
must have been known to M. Corneille, for he appears
to have opened the door to them, which being shut
at eight o'clock, all access was impracticable from with-
out. On the next day the door was found locked, the
assassins having taken the key, in the hope that all en-
trance to the burning house being rendered impossible,
ttlte,eet dtro_eatthre.hs of their three victims would be attributed to
eirTdhiesicrovotwryn
;exfocresasli oofiecaaupteirotnu,rehs ohwaevvinegr,
been
thus carefully closed, the fire had gone out for want of
air, the straw and linen alone being destroyed, while
the bodies of the murdered persons presented but slight
burns. It was affecting to witness the grief of the two

survivors, so suddenly rendered orphans. The son has
almost lost his reason: he carries a crucifix on his heart,
and affirms that the image of Christ has revealed to him
the names of the assassins of his father, beseeching the
Procureur du Roi to allow him to do justice on them
himself. Two persons have already been arrested on
suspicion.

by a separate and independent company, but with power
to sell the line, or lease it to the London and North•
Western. The terms of the agreement had been ap-
proved by the proprietors of the Birmingham and Lich-
field line, and he felt assured that the proprietors of the
London and North-Western would find it to be to their
intere2t to ratify the contract. The line was one of con-
siderable importance in point of local traffic, and with
some alterations from the original draft, by which the
route :ay more in the neighbourhood of Sutton Cole-
field, it would become still more extensively useful.
The line would, indeed, be a continuation of the pre-
sent company's line to Manchester, in connexion with
their other lines in that district, and thus they would be
able t) accommodate a greater amount of traffic than
otherwise they could well manage. He therefore begged
to move that the agreement between the two companies
be confirmed.

The resolution was unanimously passed.
The CHAIRMAN again said that in consequence of the
loss of the Warwickshire and London project, it became
necessary that they should endeavour to work the line
from Rugby to Leamington. The present company had
taken half the shares in the Rugby and Leamington
Company, and they would now have to consider the pro-
priety of sanctioning a transfer of the other half, so that
the line might become the entire property of the Lon-
don and North-Western Company. He was sure he
need not say anything about the importance of the traffic
on this line, knowing as they did that the Leamington
line was one of the mast valuable for passenger traffic in
the kingdom. The Rugby and Leamington Company
was formed of 360,000 shares, 180,000 of which they had
at par, but had been obliged to pay 4/. per share premium
for the other half, which was no doubt a large price,
but in view of the extent of the traffic was after all but a
small sum. He moved that the agreement for the pur-
chase of this line be also sanctioned.
The resolution was carried.

Mr. Richard Cadley, and a few other gentlemen,
having come into the room rather late, owing to a mis-
understanding as to the time of meeting, the chairman
recapitulated his statement, and mentioned the business
done. Mr. Cadley said he was perfectly satisfied with
the resolutions, and, indeed, his confidence in the di-
rectors of the company was such that he would have
had no hesitation in agreeing to them on their simple
recommendation.

CHESTER AND BIRKENHEAD.-RESIGNATION
--- - -

IRELAND.

REPEAL ASSOCIATION.

DUBLIN, Nov. 2.—The members of this body assem-
bled to-day at one o'clock iu Conciliation-hall. The
attendance was rather larger in the body of the hall and
members' seats, but the galleries were thinly attended by
ladies, probably owing to the state of the weather. The
increased auditory was, of course, the result of the usual
announcement—" That the Liberator would attend." At
the appointed hour Mr. O'Connell, M.P., accompanied
by Mr. R. D, Browne, M.P., Mr. J. O'Connell, Mr.
O'Neill Daunt, Captain Broderick, &c., entered the hall,
and was warmly received. The Hon. and Learned
Gentleman appeared to be in rather feeble health, and
looked extremely careworn, notwithstanding his tempo-
rary cessation from public labours.
The proceedings of the day, notwithstanding the pre-
sence of the alpha and omega of Old Ireland, were more
than ordinarily stupid, and were unrelieved by any
feature of novelty save the fact of Mr. O'Connell having
fairly drawn the sword upon his quondam ally Mr. Smith
O'Brien ; and, as both leaders are now in open hostility
towards each other, there is no doubt that the public
will derive no small share of instruction from the future
controversies between the two respective champions of
moral and physical force.
After some dull preliminary business had been waded
through,
Mr. O'CONNELL rose to make the speech of the day.
He said that he had intended to address them at great
length with reference to the Cork resolution, and to dis-
cuss in many words the real position of all parties ; but
he was unable to do so, for his heart was too full, and
his mind too much engaged with the misery of the Irish
people, who wanted food and employment.—(Hear,
hear.) He (Mr. O'Connell) couid think of nothing else.
He was asked, did he know the real state the country was
in ? His answer was, that he knew her position well—
knew her dangers, and could tell the gentry of Ireland
and the Government that it was absurd to imagine that
six or eight months would see them over their difficul-
ties. He was sorry to pronounce it as his candid opinion
that they were but at the commencement of their
horrors, and that if a beneficent Providence did not guide
the Government, it was impossible to say what the posi-
tion of the country might be in 12 months. Famine was
almost universal ; still he was rejoiced that even out of
evil good should come, and that the wretched state of Ire-
land had been the means of circulating a feeling which
never before existed—a feeling which he had an oppor-
tunity of observing personally in the south of Ireland.
He (Mr. O'Connell) had attended a meeting in Fermoy,
' in the county of Cork, on Friday week, and he there
observed clergymen of all creeds and gentry of all creeds
and classes of politics—(Year, hear)—joining together
to alleviate the universal distress which prevailed, and
joining together in a deputation to the Lord-Lieutenant
to claim succour from the Government. They had
formed this deputation, and had an interview of three
hours on the previous Friday with his Excellency, who
was most anxious to do everything in his power to carry
out their wishes.—(Hear.) In addition to that, they
had gone to the Board of Works, after leaving the Castle,
to pray for assistance, and there also they were ,well re-
ceived.—(Hear, hear.) Indeed he believed he was justi-
fied in saying that the Board of Works were ready to
work for Ireland to the utmost of their power, and even
to work on a Sunday, as they had lately been doing, and
a better Sunday's work they could not be engaged in.—
(" Hear," and cheers.) He stated this, for he was under
a misconception as to the Board of Works. He now
saw that they were not to blame for any delay
which had taken place, as it was altogether owing
to the smallness of their staff, and he was
happy to say they were doing all they could to have
that staff enlarged. They had brought over a great
number of Sappers and Miners from England, but still
there were many yet required, for the misery of Ireland
was great—greater, he was afraid, than could be re-
lieved as they could wish.—(Hear, hear.) He (Mr.
O'Connell) had suggested the appointment of a national
committee; he was sorry it was not appointed to assist
the Government and Board of Works, and he thought
they would have to nominate one; but he would not say
anything more about it then as his doing so might be
the means of preventing some persons joining them,
from the impression that it was a political movement.—
(Cheers.) It was stated that he had not done anything
for the country under her present awful position. Now,
the fact was, that he was occupied day and night in
considering what ought to be done, and, as far as his
own district, he thought he bad made arrangements
which would prevent want at least for some time.—
(Loud and continued cries of " Hear' hear.") His
great anxiety was that the people should know their
position, and assist the Board of Works, and say or do
nothing which might prevent the officers of that
establishment doing their duty. He (Mr. O'Connell)
had heard with regret that in the county of Clare
an engineer had been badly treated, and he would call
on the people to avoid all collision with the authorities,
and not to attempt to stop food in its transit through
the country, for the result would be, if they persisted in
such conduct, that those officers would resign their situa-
tions, and then relief would be withhold. There was no
sacrifice he (Mr. O'Connell) would not make to render
himself useful at such an awful crisis, and he had made
some sacrifices.—(" Hear," and cheers.) He had left
his native mountains to assist the Government to feed
the people, and, although in his 72d year, and requiring
rest after a laborious session, he did so cheerfully; and
if he were not as strong and healthy as he had been, it
was not to be wondered at at his years, and considering
the exertions he had gone through; but, thank God, he
was still young enough and healthy enough to see the
Parliament restored to College-green. He (Mr. O'Con-
nell) sincerely believed that the Earl of Besborough
was most anxious to do all he could to give food
and employment, and he regretted he was deprived of
very valuable assistance by the exclusion of clergy-
men from relief committees—for clergymen of all creeds
were excluded ; no doubt the lords-lieutenant of coun-
ties had the power of putting them on, but, as they were
all Tories, they were not likely to nominate Roman
Catholic curates, who were so competent to give advice
and assistance.—(Hear, hear.) There was another
matter he (Mr. O'Connell) wished to notice ; he alluded
to task work. He was a strong advocate for work being
done by task, because then a poor man could get his
children to assist him, and he was happy to say the
Lord Lieutenant had promised to adopt it, and said he
would issue directions to the paymasters, under the Act,
to pay as much as possible for the work at once, and the
balance as soon as it could be ascertained.—(Hear,
hear.) It was perfectly clear that the Earl of
Besborough knew the position of Ireland ; but he
was obliged to say, that he thought Lord John
Russell's letter equally showed that he knew nothing
about her position, for he had written as if he alto-
gether forgot the union, the horrors of absentee-
ism, and the state of the country in a commer-
cial point of view. He had been taunted for not sug-
gesting a plan in the Association. Now, he had sug-
gested one in its proper place, in the county which he
represented in Parliament—(Hear, hear, and cheers)—
and had it laid before his Excellency; and he hoped
those who approved of it in other parts of the country
would follow it up, and show the Government they were
in earnest.—(Hear, hear.) The country was in a horri-
ble state. It was only a few days back that his son paid
171. for a ton of meal; on the day after he paid 201. for
another ton; and on the next he could not get one to
pnrchase for love or money, and this was owing to the
want of food in the country, and they should enforce on
the Government the necessity of procuring it at once.
There was another matter he could not avoid alluding to,
and that was the conduct of the Young Ireland party, and
he was happy to say that they bad openly severed all
connexion with the Association, if any existed, by their
own act.—(Hear.) Mr. O'Brien, the first who left tha'
Hall, and the leader of them, had written a letter to the
editor of the Nation, setting up an agitation for himself
(Cries of " Hear, hear")—and he (Mr. O'Connell)
hoped he would be successful in his virtuous inclinations.
—(Hear, hear, and laughter.) He proposed that the
leaders of the Young Ireland body should join in a pha-
lanx to address the country in the Nation every week.
Now, he (Mr. O'Connell) thanked the young gentlemen
for the same—(Hear, hear)—they had called themselves
a phalanx—and they could, therefore, not blame him if
he said they were a phalanx—(Laughter)—and he would
wish the phalanx every luck to go on, week after week,
until it increased in ardour, and arrived at the bursting
point—when it would fly like a soda-water cork.—
(Hear, hear.) He blamed Mr. 0 Brien for his physical
force doctrines, and could not agree with him. In
his letter he had pretty tolerably praised himself
and abused others ; but he (Mr. O'Connell) did not
care for abuse—he only hoped that God would forgive
him for the praise he had once bestowed in the same
quarter.—(Loud cries of " Hear, hear," and cheering.)
That gentleman had stated that the moral force repeaters
would not resist against aggression, but such was not
the case. They never had put forward such a doctrine,
as would be seen by referring to the resolution of the
Ist of July. The Learned Gentleman concluded by
saying, that for the future there was no possibility of a
reconciliation.
Captain BRODERICK, in alluding to an article on In-
dian corn, which appeared in the Times of last week,
called on Lord John Russell to open the ports.
Mr. O'CoNNELL announced his intention of standing
for the county of Cork at the next election, stating that
he would leave Dublin, which was safe, to others.
At half past three o'clock the rent was announced to
be 57/.

LETTER OF THE LORD-LIEUTENANT.-SUS-

dangers the lives of the officers and overseers, and deters
the poor and peaceable inhabitants from labouring ou the
works.

" The Lord-Lieutenant desires most earnestly to
point out to the people the serious consequences to them-
selves from such a course of conduct. The obstruction
to officers in the discharge of their duties creates in the
first instance confusion and alarm; it has the ulterior
effect, already apparent, of necessarily suspending all
further progress in the works; and, combined with the
outrages committed on private persons and property,
must preclude any attempt for the continued employment
of the destitute poor. The works in the district have in
consequence been suspended.
Ample arrangements have been made, and all the
powers placed at the disposal of the executive will be
exerted for preserving the lives and properties of the
peaceable inhabitants, repressing outrage, and bringing
to justice the disturbers of the public peace, and the
perpetrators of crime. But his Excellency would hope
that the good sense of the people will resume its influ
ence—that they will see the folly and the crime they are
guilty of in thus wantonly interfering with the means
provided for the support of the destitute in this time of
distress, and that he will have the satisfaction of receiving
full assurance of their return to a better course of conduct
—of their cordial acquiescence in the arrangements
made for their employment, and of their determination
to refrain from further obstruction or injury to persons
engaged in laying out or superintending the public works.
" His Excellency will then gladly direct the immediate
resumption of those works, in the conviction that they
will prove the means of preserving the people from that
destitution and ruin which a perseverance in their past
line of conduct must, he fears, inevitably produce.

" Dublin Castle, Nov. 2, 1846.
" By his Excellency's command,
" T. N. REDINGTON."
The Clare Journal, received this day, gives the follow-
ing account of further outrages in that county:—
" Emus, Nov. 2.—Notices are now posted round the
places where the horses of those who brought corn to
market had been shot, cautioning every person against
valuing the horses, which they think necessary, to enable
the owners to get presentment off the county. The
parties here are shortsighted in this view, as the grand
jury, as well as the ratepayers, will no doubt meet this
attempt at intimidation by taking the owners' valuation.
" We understand that the mills of Mr. Wallnutt, at
Scariff, were broken into on Friday night, and a quan-
tity of provisions carried away, and some more thrown
into the streets and destroyed.
" A party of men entered the house of the Rev. Mr.
Brady, and desired that he should forgive a year's rent
to his tenants, and sell his corn at a reduced price.
" The house of Mr. Reddan was entered, we have
heard, in search of arms.
" A horse was shot lately belonging to Mr. Frost,
near Rossmanaher, because previously being at Limerick
with corn. Mr. Frost first offered his corn at Sixmile•
bridge for Is. 6d. per stone, but being unable to sell it
there had it sent to Limerick. _

" The gentlemen of the Newmarket district assembled
at the Sessions-house on Friday, and have adopted such
measures that they will dispose of wheat in the town at
Is. 6d. per stone, and of barley is. They have also, we
understand, sent for a mill, and will grind corn for the
poor at id. per stone, being half-price."
THE CORN MARKET.—At our Corn Exchange this
day there was a dull market, and a further decline of Is.
per barrel in wheat, making the reduction 2s. since this
day week.