The Sun.
London, England, 1846-01-06 00:00:00

FREE-TRADE MEETINGS.

WARD OF CRIPPLEGATE WITHIN:
Yesterday, at two o'clock, an important and numer-
ously attended meeting of the merchants, traders, and
others of the Ward of Cripplegate Within, was held at
the George Hall. Aldermanbury, for the purpose of taking
into consideration the propriety of petitioning both
11,)u5,,s of Parliament for the immediate and unconditional
repeal of the corn Jaws, the meeting having been con-
vened in pursuance of a requisition to the Alderman of
the Ward (Alderman Challis), signed by a large and
influential number of the inhabitants of the ward. Nearly
the whole of the Common Councilmen of the ward were
present.

- Alderman CHALLIS, having taken the chair, said tha
the subject of the corn-laws was one of the utmost itn•

portance to (very class, and was one that he trusted
would meet with the arly attention of the Legislature,
in order that the question might be finally settled.
Mr. CA srr, Common Councilman, moved the first reso-
lution, which was as follows :—" That this meeting

views with deep . concern the unsettled state of

country, arising, chiefly (as it believes), from the perni-
cious operation of the corn-law, which holds out delu-
sive bores to the agriculturist, cripples commercial en.
terprise, introduces a system of gambling into the ordi-
nary business of life, which is alike destructive to morals
and legitimate trade ; induces a precarious supply, en-
hances the price of food, and is not only oppressive to
the poor, but also subversive of the best interest of the
vast majority of the population." He observt d that the
resolution he had read expressed that by the corn. laws
delusive hopes were held out to the agriculturist, as
farmers were always in uncertainty as to the extent of
ground they should put in cultivation for the growth of
corn, and they were well aware that the corn-laws would
not last long. He saw no other way by which the
question was to be settled, than by a total repeal of the
corn-laws. Had they been repealed years ago, there was
no doubt but that the commerce of the country at the pre-
sent moment would have been in a most flourishing condi-
tion. As to those states which were now producing their
manufactures, we should be sending articles from our
manufacturing towns, in exchange for which we should
be receiving their corn.—(Loud cries of " Hear.") He
thought that the agricultural aristocracy were not aware
of the destitution among the farming labourers in some
of the counties. He had read an account, which was
drawn up by a clergyman of the name of Ferguson,
living at Bicester, who had visited some of the miserable
dwellings of that class in Buckinghamshire and Oxford-
shire. In the former county, he entered one occupied by
a man of the name of John Ormsby, who had a wife and
six children. He earned 6s. a week; out of that he had
to pay Is. 6d. rent a week. They had no bed, but only
a sacking filled with straw, to sleep upon. The habitasion
was a scene of wretchedness, while there was not a pare
of glass. Yet this man, at the festivities on the coming of
age of the Marquis of Chandos, was induced to act the
character of the fool. Why did not the Noble Marquis
give him a bed? —(Hear, hear.) They were aware that a
deputation of the Common Council waited on her Majesy
last Saturday. He was happy to tell them that the uni-
versal opinion was, that the answer was considered highly
satisfactory, and that the Ministers who were present
seemed well pleased that the address was presented. It
was also remarked (which was not customary) that a
handsome cold collation was provided. He thought that,
under all the circumstances, they had good reason to
strengthen and support her Majesty's Government.
Mr. BENNOCH, also a member of the Court of Common
Council, said that so short a period had elapsed since he
had expressed his views with regard to the iniquitous
corn-laws, that he had hoped some of the more influential
inhabitants of the ward would have taken the task of
reviewing those laws out of the hands of their represen-
tatives in the Court of Common Council. But if ever
there was a time for the serious discussion of the corn-
laws, that time was the present, and he would, with the
permission of the meeting, go into the question. In the
first place he believed the corn-laws to be based on a
wrong principle—(Hear, hear)—and that laws of protec-
tion should only be for those who could not protect them-
selves. Laws were in general made for the punishment
of crime, and he should like to know why they were to
be punished by the continuance of the corn-laws for ask-
ing fur cheap bread ?—(Hear, hear.) The speaker here
at some length went on to show that although the corn-
law was ostensibly made for the agricultural labourer,
they had not benefited at all by it, but were in a
worse state, with lower wages now than at that time.
This, he contended, was owing to the landlords
neglecting to do their duty, who, if they had done as
the " cotton lords" had done, improved their manufac-
tures and thereby increased to a large extent the power
of labour,l would have conferred great benefit upon
their fellow-men. The man who by his industry
made two grains of corn grow where one never grew
before was a great benefactor to his country--(Hear,
hear)—but the culture of agricultural produce was the
same now as it was 200 years ego. This was differ•
ent with the manufacturer, who was able, solely by the
great improvements in labour, to produce three yards of
silk, or three pairs of stockings, for the same price one
was to be purchased for in 1815. The presentation of
the addresses on Saturday from two of the most impor-
tant bodies in the world had a visible effect upon
her Majesty's Ministers, and upon her Majesty herself.
(Hear, hear.) In reply to that address the Ministers
were bound to admit a falling off in the potato crop, ad-
mitting that there was a scarcity of food, and Parliament
had been ordered to meet at an early day to advance the
permanent interest of the country.— (Hear, hear.) Let
them look a little further into the question of the corn-
laws. The landlords said they must have protection,
and so they would have if the corn -laws were repealed
to-morrow. There would be a protection of from eight
shillings to ten shillings per quarter upon corn incurred
in its transit from foreign countries to this.—(Hear,
hear.) The repeal of the corn-laws, he contended,
would be a boon to the agricultural labourer, and an act
of great justice to the manufacturer, who would
be enabled to do a much greater amount of
business by exporting his manufactures to America, and
taking corn in exchange. The Hon. Gentleman, after
some further remarks, concluded an excellent address by
stating that the time would come when Dukes and
Lords would be swallowed up ir. the dark sea of oblivion,
and they might, in the twenty-ninth century, find a ducal
coronet in the museum of some archaeologist merely as
a memento to show what comical stuff Dukes were made
of in the olden time.—(Hear and laughter.) Protection
on the common necessaries of life he believed to be
despotic, the brother of crime, the partner of indolence,
and the promoter of agricultural ignorance.—(Hear,
hear.) He begged must cordially to second the resolution.
Mr. BOWDEN, of Wood-street, amid considerable mer-
riment, and cries of " Bring your grandmother," moved
an amendment to the effect that that meeting would not
petition Parliament for the abolition of protection to the
agriculturists, unless they were ready to petition for a
repeal of all protective duties.
Mr. COOPER, also of Wood-street, seconded the amend-
ment ; but on being put, only one hand was held up in
its favour, and the original resolution was carried amidst
loud cheers.

• Mr. D. DEWAR, in a neat speech, moved the second
resolution—" That the direful effects of the present corn-
law set forth in the foregoing resolution, render its im-
mediate and unconditional repeal essential to the pros-
perity of the people, and the peace and safety of the
kingdom."
Mr. STRODE seconded the resolution.

Mr. HooLr. and Mr. LAST, both members of the Court
of Common Council, moved and seconded—" That peti-
tions founded on the foregoing resolutions be presented
by Lord Radnor to the House of Lords, and Lord John
Russell to the House of Commons ; and that the other
representatives of the city of London be desired to sup •
port the prayer of the petition."
Mr. S. MORLEY, one of the most extensive merchants
in the ward, in moving the vote of thanks to the chair-
man, called upon all who could afford it, to purchase 40s.
freeholds ; be had done so, and had votes for six or eight
counties.—(Hear, hear.)
The worthy ALDERMAN returned thanks for the
honour conferred on him in brief terms.
Thanks having been passed to the proprietor of the
hall, for the gratuitous use of the place of meeting, the
resolutions were ordered to be advertised in the limes,
Chronicle, Morning Advertiser-, The Sun, Globe, and
Standard, and the meeting broke up.

KENSINGTON.

A meeting of the friends of free trade and advocates
of the speedy abolition of the corn-laws was held last
night, at the Theatre, Kensington.
W. D. CHRISTIE, Esq., M.P., was unanimously called
to the chair. The Hon. Member opened the business
of the meeting by congratulating the country on the
great and rapid progress which the League and friends of
free trade were making against the corn-laws. The
League, he said, was at a premium, great and little con-
nexions coming over and adding to its numbers every
day. He rejoiced that such was the case, and was proud
to say he had himself always voted for free trade, and
co-operated with the Anti-Corn-law League for that
object. The meeting which he then had the honour of
presiding over was convened for a practical object. Men's
minds were now made up about the corn-laws, and they
were met for the purpose of uniting with the great
body of the country to get rid of them.—(Hear.) The
League and the friends of free trade were engaged in
the active process of making votes that, at the next elec-
tion, would be given against candidates that would avow
their determination to uphold the corn-laws, and for can-
didates that would repeal those laws. There were some
people, interested people, who called this " unconstitu-
tional," and said " they did not like it, yet would not
go against it." Now this reminded him of (he mysterious
way of saying—
I do not like you, Doctor Fell,"
The reason why I cannot telt."
--(Laughter.) But even if it were unconstitutional, it
would only be fiighting the monopolists with their own
weapons. Was it constitutional to bribe—to intimidate—
to make gagged votes—to have Peers interfering in
elections? And it was by these means that the present
Them
onoLpeoulglisiets were forced into the House of Commons.
dressing their attention to the augmentation of the forty-
shilling freehold franchise. By this franchise those who
could not get votes in boroughs on account of the high
rate of the qualification there, might revenge themselves
on the counties. The landlords have tried to
have it all their own way in the counties
by their fifty-pound tenant-at-will clause, which
they contrived to carry ; but the people might do
retribution upon them by means of the forty-shilling
freehold franchise ; and it would be a fine thing to see
"great Dukes" and " Graces" beaten in their own strong-
holds—the counties. The extension of the franchise was a
great means for the diffusion of education; besides which
it would prove the best safeguard of the public rights,
and the best security for good government. Every man
who paid 301. or 404 or 504 for a freehold, that would
give him 40s. a-year and a vote, had thenceforth always
an interest in political questions, and would study these,
and make his children also study them. There was an
impression, he was glad to inform the meeting, that the

county of Middlesex was safe to return free-fs--"`aers;
and if so, it might he advisable for those who had rote
for that county, and who were favourable to free W,
to turn their attention to other counties not so secure,?'
for instance, Sussex, Kent, Herefordshire, &c., turnt
their special attention to the Duke of Richmond's coul
and that also of tie Duke of Buckingham ; and sl-ow
this last Noble Duke ohject to that course of proceediil
he (Mr. Christie) would say that they had as wee" a
right to visit the Noble Duke's county as his Grace bail
to the franchise in Aberdeenshire, in Banffshire, IT)
other counties not his own. Before he (Mr. Christlyi
made way for Mr. Moore to address the ineetin
he would say one word on the corn-laws. A Noble b(!ril,
who had been opposed to the League, and who stood hig"
in th, estimation of his party—he meant Lord Ashler;
had said some months ago that "the corn-laws Acir
doomed ;" and no man in his senses, be vie
-.
Christie) would say, could doubt for a moment that thobe
laws were doomed and must go; whether their death
by a slow or quick process, go they must, for docent-tithe);
were. They were within a few days of the tneetiyg;
Parliament, and some were anxious to know what wa-
be dune; but the corn-laws, he repeated, were dow,,e;
The Mini,ter might still keep the people in the dark; A",/
there could be no doubt whatever—there could be a;
ference of Opinion—the corn-laws must go. The-011,1
polists were holding their meetings in the agticußthn,
counties, but they were to little purpose, go the al'
laws must.—(Elear, hear.)
Mr. Mooux, ri, leg, was received with ar131311,
The Learned Gentleman sptke at considerable JenAg'to
and in an energetic speech, which was lissene"he
throughout with attention, urged those members of !og
meeting who were not in possession of the forty-shilli• e
frarchise qualification to follow their Chairman's aiv,lcio
and lose no time in a struggle to obtain it, telling 11%0
at the same time that they would obtain all informati
on the subject at the office of the League.
Mr. HENSON moved a resolution to the effect 44 - ho
the meeting pledged itself not to vote for any man
would not pledge himself to vote for the total and tl"°
ditional repeal of the corn-laws."
Mr. LOCKHART, a gentleman of Buckinghatnibill'
seconded the resolution.
Mr. LOVETT, before the resolution was put, expreso
his astonishment that Kensington, Hammersmith,
ham, and Notting-hill, with their populations, aninuntio.
to 50,000, should have been left without a represev
tive under the Reform Bill, while boroughs with '7114
2,000 of a population had two members given to tben.3
that Bill.
f
The resolution was then put and carried unaninl ggiski
after which, thanks having been voted to the chair, t"
meeting separated.

ROYAL ARTILLERY.
OPINIONS OF _THE SOLICITOR AND ATTOi
NEY-GENERAL ON THE SUBJECT OF s
ILLEGAL ATTESTATIONS. _ itsis
The authorities of the War-office having bad a to
facts relative 'o the claims of several men belonging 01
the Royal Artillery to be discharged, on the group° bf
having been illegally attested, transmitted to thera.i
the Master-General of the Ordnance, have subnlis;•
these facts to the law officers of the Crown, the Attor;•
and Solicitor-General, for their opinions thereon. r.
decision of the law officers, which is one of great io3rf •
tance to the army, involving, as it does, the claims °
great many soldiers, has just been received.
To understand these opinions it is necessary to sts,t;
that the claims fur discharge were of two kinds, 13411
based on the 36th clauses of the Mutiny Act. The A" d
was that the attestations were illegal, on the ground
the nun having been sworn in before Sir John 11:0;
and other officers holding her Majesty's comulissi?ons
the second, that the men had, contrary to the provi'lo•
of the Mutiny Act., been sworn in before a magisthrich
not residing within the vicinity of the place in "
they were enlisted. f
The questions submitted to the law officers o
Crown were four in number, and their substance,
that of the opinions, is as follows :
elthl
First. Whether such officers as Sir John 1,,;e•I
K.C.11., the Director General of the Ordnance Aleu.ier,
Department, Dr. Watson and the Rev. /vlesslos
the Ordnance Chaplains, and Mr. Stace, the Orrin`. is.
Storekeeper, were to be considered as holding ce,°3601
sions within the spirit of the 36th section of the Al' re
Act? After mature deliberation, the law officers j,
of opinion that the se gentlemen are not officers 0°
ing to the spirit and meaning of the Act, so as to pre'
them from attesting recruits in the usual manner. of
Second. Whether a recruit enlisted in orle
district and attested in another, is legally attested? opt
answer is, that such attestation is not valid if the ll
re°'b ;
be enlisted in one county and attested in another: ei
tht re is considerable doubt as to what is to be eonsi.aertila
as a vicinity, which would be far more extensive, I°'
country than in the metropolitan districts. ed
Third. Whether, supposing the before-ment'-oe
gentlemen held commissions in the army withill
meaning of the 36th section of the Mutiny Act, 054
testations would be illegal? Answer, undoub:edl
woulo, and the men would be entitled to their disc
Fourth. Whether the men who have been (nliste;ei
soldiers who may have been illegally attested, ha/e tile
enlist, d in a valid manner? The answerl-Yest•
party enlisting being at the time in her Majesty's
vice, and in the rteeipt of full pay.
A supplemental answer is given, based upon the !Ai/
in which the commissions of these gentlemen are W°7,el;
In the first instance, the Crown law officers had 0..,,d$ 0
the commissions, but copies having been transmit"-thsi
them, they express their previously formed opinion
they do not in the least alter their opinion. Tile
510
officers, however, though feeling no doubt whatever o,bo
the legality of the attestations made before Sir Job,
Webb, yet perceiving that it may lead to doubts $11" ted
jections, recommend that recruits be not in future attest
by that magistrate.