The Sun.
London, England, 1846-12-29 00:00:00

LON DON, TUESDAY MORNING SIT NI, DECEMBER 29, 1846. PRICE SD.

No. 16,935.

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BL ACID \V 0 0 D'S EDINBURGH
MAGAZINE.—No. CCCLXXV for JANUARY 1847.
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CONTENTS :
The Court of Louis Philippe.
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Lays and Legends of the Thames.
Prussian Military Memoirs.
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Biographical Sketch of Admiral Thomas Mathew.
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(HURTON'S ENGLISH COUNTY KA-
LENDAR FOR 1847.

Containing an Almanack, a concise description of each County, its
Geographical Position, Population, Cities, Towns, Civil and Clerical
Divisions, Places of Election, Produce, Commerce, Statistics, Fairs,
Markets, Railway Stations, &c. &c. ; w.th Lists of the Lords-Lieu-
tenants, High Sheriffs, Members of Parliament, Deputy-Lieutenants,
Magistrates, County Officers, Legal Functionaries, Bankers, Foreign
Consuls, and LiSts of Stamps and Taxes : with a Map of all the
Railways finished, in progress, or that have received the s suction of
the Legislature.
" This is an exceedingly useful book ofreference, and the matter it
contains is at once varied, practical, and well arranged. The value
of a book embr icing subjects to which we have such frequent occa-
sion to refer, needs no other recommendation than its own intrinsic
merits."—Morning Post.
E. Clirton, Library, 26, Holies-street.

We are sorry to perceive that the Wilderspin
Tribute Fund has not yet reached the minimum amount
at which it has been deemed practicable to effect the
double object of giving ease to the remaining years of
Mr. Wilderspin himself, and making some provision for
his family atter his death. Of the small sum of 2,0001.
reanired for this purpose, only 1,3001. has been yet con-
trifyutecl.—Leeds Mercury.
PROPOSED CONFERENCE OF MINISTERS ON TRH
SUFFERINGS AND PRIVATIONS OF THE PEOPLE IN THE
UNITED KINGDOM.—In consequence of the frightful
amount of distress and famine existing in all parts of the
United Kingdom, but more especially in Ireland and the
Highlands and Islands of Scotland, a meeting will shortly
be convened at Exeter-hall, consisting of clergymen and
ministers of all denominations, whose professional duties
render them more intimately acquainted with the exi-
gencies of the people than any other class of her Ma-
jesty's subjects, for the purpose of consulting as to the
most desirable course to be pursued to mitigate the im-
mense amount of privation and suffering daily increas-
ing throughout the country with a rapidity truly appall-
ing. Among the ministers who have tendered their
zealous co-operation, may be numbered the Honourable
and Rev. Baptist Noel, Rev. S. G. Garrard, the Hon.
and Rev. S. G. Osborne, R-,v. Weldon Champeeys, Rev.
Francis Dollman, Rev. F. A. Cox, D.D., Rev. J. Leif-
child, D.D., Rev. J. IV. Weeks, Rev. Robert Sprange
Rov. Edward Scobell, Rev. Henry H. Beamish, Rev.
R. 11. Herschell. RD., Rev. Septimus Ramsay, Rev.
Sidney Turner, Rev. Dr. Reed, and Rev. J. B. Hill. The
clergy are earnestly requested in advertisements to for-
ward their names and assent to the proposed conference,
as soon as possible, to the honorary secretaries, as the
miseries of the people are being greatly aggravated by
the inclemency of the seasou.—Leeds Mercury.

RAIL WAY INTELLIGENCE.
IRISH LINES.
(From the Irish Railway Gazette.)
At a meeting of directors of several of the Irish rail-
way companies, held in Dublin, on Friday, December
11, 1846, with a view to considering how the progress
of their works might be made available towards reliev-
ing the present alarming and increasing destitution of
the poor in this country, it was resolved to lay the fol-
lowing statement before her Majesty's government :
It appears to this meeting that Government aid to
Irish railway companies, by way of loan, would enable
them to assist very materially in relieving the present
distress, and afford the same relief for a considerable
period, by providing an immediate and ample field for
unemployed and productive labour, in the acceleration of
their works.

That this employment would not be confined to any lo-
cality, but would be spread over large districts of the
country, from north to south.

To carry out this object the following suggestions are
respectfully submitted :
That, previously to a loan from Government to any
Irish railway company, twenty per cent. of their capital
shall be bona fide paid np, and expended on the under-
taking.

Th-at the Government shall advance to such company a
sum not exceeding thirty per cent. of their capital, in in•
stalments of five per cent., at such times as an equal
amount, shall be paid up by the shareholders.
The amount of loan thus required is less than that now
authorised by their acts to be borrowed, but it brings,
that power into action sooner.
Such assistance, by inducing the shareholders in the
respective companies more readily to pay up their calls,
appears fully justified by the recommendation of govern-
ment loans to Irish railway companies by the committee
of the House of Commons, in 1845, us—
" Bringing forward a large amount of private capital
in furtherance of tuhlie works_ of great national utility
as well as etnolurnent, and thiis Confer benefits on Ire-
land which neither public nor private capital separately
employed could ever accomplish."
Without some such assistance it is much to be feared
that many of the railways now in course of construction
must be greatly delayed, considerably lessened in extent
or altogether stopped ; thereby adding fearfully to the
amount of destitution already existing.
Among the numerous advantages to the government,
the following are respectfully but particularly sug-
gested :

-.;lnstead of advancing an immense amount of money,
unassisted, for carrying out works for the most part of
questionable utility, and in many instances worse than
useless, from the pauperising effect already so apparent
upon the industrial habits of the labourer by the present
system of baronial relief, and with the prospect of re-
payment at the best but doubtful: •
By advancing five millions durizg the next three
years to Irish railway companies, an additional sum of
ten millions would be paid by the sliareholders, thereby
causing fifteen millions to be expended on Irish railways,
the advantages of which can scarcely- be over-rated, as
whatever improvements are in ! contemplation for
Ireland, these must prove to be the most important
auxiliaries.
This would not create any unnatural demand for, or
give a false and only temporary stimulus to labour, but
would enable Irish railways to progress steadily, and be
completed in about the average time of construction for
such works.
It appears, from the present weekly expenditure by
the Government for relief of dis tt•ess, and which has
been rapidly on the increase, that by August next the
amount will probably be above 6,0W,000/., thus exceed-
ing the loans required for railway' companies for the
next three years.
The security would be ample for the repayment of
the loans, which would only amone t to three-eights of
the money actually expended on e works, whilst the
direct profit of Government, by bo." owing at 3 per cent.,
and lending at 4 per cent., would be' as follows :-
5,090,000/. to be returned by ai inual instalments, in
twenty p ars, commencing soon afte r the advance, would
bear a gross amount of interest, equal to an average of
ten years.

Four per cent per annum on 5,000 0001
. £200,000
Phree ditto dito

Leaving a clear profit of.
to the Government, which, upon an. average of ten years,
would amount to 500,000/.
To this may be added the inairect but Rot unim-
portant advantage in the greatly i ncreased consumption
of tea, coffee, sugar, and other a•re.tcles paying duties, as
well as of low priced manufactur, ?d! commodities.
To elucidate still further the n ?sult of the proposed
arrangement, the annexed table is:, respectfully submitted
to the consideration of her Majes t: f's Government.
LIST A.
IRISH RAILWAY COMPANIES—: D :CORPORATED 1845.
Name of Company. Capital.
Belfast and Ballymena
Cork and Bandon . ...a,. 240,000
Dublin and Belfast Junction ...
Dundalk and Enniskillen ..........• 750,000
Great Southern and Western Ex t..?nsion 1,200,000
Londonderry and Coleraine
Londonderry and Enniskillen ..
ifidlaud Great Western ..
Newry and Enniskillen 900,000
Waterford and Kilkenny .... 250,000
Waterford and Limerick

£7,425,722
LIST B.
IRISH RAILWAYS—INCOI%)'ORATED 18 46.
Name of Company. Capital.
Belfast and County Down 500,000
Clonmel and Thurles
Cork, Blackrock, and Passage.—
Cork and Waterford
Dublin, Belfast, and Coleraine J 1 n action
Dublin, Dundrum, and Rathfarnit am
Dublin. and Kingstown Extension ... .. 300,000
Galway and Kilkenny
Great Leinster and Munster-- Carlow to
Kilkenny
Great Leinster and
,Munster— -I alkenny to
Clonmel
Great Southern and Western— Cork Exten-
sion
Killarney Junction 375,000
Limerick, Ennis, and Killaloe
Midland Great Western—Athlo a .e
Midland Great Western—Liffey- Branch 33,000
Mountmellick Junction 22,500
Newry, Warrenpoint, and Rostr e vor
Sligo and Shannon lOO,OOO
Templemore and Nenagh
Waterford, Wexford, Wicklow,. and Dublin 2,000,000
Wexford, Carlow, and Dublin ....

£8,817,900

The
have Massachusetts
avTehdooAn ilieMftsEhi
neßlei:naCrepgsAietNsactrhe:nri sueiariNgigdhhEitSo_
b.
Worcester,
übseinersesa,p ianad richat hn ed
harvests.
Western
two latter have been doing a a lost successful general
traffic throughout the season. '1 'he financial year of the
Worcester and Western has do s 4 •d, when their accounts
will be made up; the former P rr six months, and the
latter for five. The Charlestc Ivn Branch Road, some-
times called the Ice Road, whit :l i has lately been united
to the Fitchburgh road, has freighted this year, in
eleven months, over seventy th Lc busand tons of ice and
twelve millions of bricks. The • expenses have been con-
siderably reduced since the u n ion, which places both
lines under one head and mat ta gement, and it is esti-
mated that this little road, abo u t five miles in length,
between Charlestown and Fresh Pond, will yield ten per
cent. net revenue, being equal t o the main line. The
Fitchburgh Company made a 1 ;ood thing by the an-
nexation, and the Charlestown branch corporators, by
the sale of their roads and l U ids, have realised over
par for their stock, which at of tt% time sold at consider-
-I.loeractaipointalhoafs thheeelion stionn.
able discount.
andß 6pBTrOoNvi
creased by the creation of 3,6 0 .) new shares. An as-
sessment of 25 per cent. on th e par value of the shares
ANDI
enc ePill°iraliDlrolladCE.Ct ri;
will be payable on the 13th of
April next; and one of 50 per
per cent. on the Ist of
a winery next; one of 26
cent. on the Ist of July nex :t. All new shares not
WILMINGTON aAnNdpanyßiehEn:
taken by the stockholders by -.the 25th of December
will be sold at auction at su o h time as the directors
shall determineba
, jill 11
.......obtained at such sale
shares, •
in their proportion.
.trl sioorlders entitled to such
The eleveth annual
meeting the Wilmington and
of the stockholders t )f
nelgd.theGsovaerti
Dudley, president of
the company, submitted, on b e half of the directory, a
report of operations for the 3 ear' ending October 1.
Liabilities of the company on
the Ist October, 1845,
$668,817 52. Which
de up as follows :
Bonds sold in England,sbini is; 1 n a
bearing - 5 per cent.
interest
......... ! .
To the Literary Fund .Of ...
tl 3f 3 State of
North Carolina, at 6 per cent • ' 4 85,000 00
Company's Bonds endorsed b.. interest
3 • State of
North Carolina, bearing 6
Bills payable, bearing 7 per el: sl
. n t cent. in 250,000 00
. interest . 15,000 00
Do. bearing 6 per et at. interest . 42,272 86
Scrip Bonds due to contractor s
Bonds for hire of negro mat lc :u.......rers,
43
due
. Jan. 1, 1846, and p ' revious.. ..
Bonds for hire of negro lal 3,939 48
rc urers, due
Jan. 1, 1847
18,270 00
Due sundry persons for material s, labour,Scc• 30,875 08

Tora 1 5668,817 52
Amount of receipts for the yi .ar ending Oct. 1:
Passengers ,' 103,469 60
Freight
Mail Transportation

$185,286 65
Expenses of road for the year ...
Amount of receipts from st( sac Moats for the year end-
ing October 1 :

Passengers and freight
Mail transportation
tr:,....
Experses of boats for the yer ir,....,. ......... 97,827 96
Net profits of road and boats ~..... a
28,140 04
In regard to the expenses. of 0 road the examining
committee say, " It will b # seen Os* the expenditures

of the railroad are to an amount greatly exceeding that
of any previous year. The committee think proper to
explain that there has been expended during the year
for four new locomotives, two new coaches, a large num-
ber of new trucks, and a new coach-house, the snm of
$42,901 07, which does not properly belong to the cur-
rent expenses of the road. It appears by the report of
the superintendent of the road and road repairs that
there has been expended for road repairs (including the
sum of $21,747 74 for new iron) the sum of $79,790 46."
PENNSYLVANIAN LINE. —A fierce controversy is being
carried on in Pennsylvania as to the expediency, or
otherwise, of carrying out this line, by voluntary private
subscription or compulsory public loan. Upon this
ground the promoters of the measure take their stand,
and state that " the construction of the line cannot be
postponed without the most disastrous results both to
city and state—that if throe millions of dollars be not
subscribed to the capital stock and 10 per cent. thereon
paid in, on or before the 13th day of April next, and
unless one million of dollars be paid on the amount sub-
scribed, and thirty miles of road put under contract,
before the 30th of July following, the grant of
the 'right of way' which is now only conditional,
will then become positive,
in which event all the
advantages which we now have it in our power to
secure for Philadelphia and Pennsylvania are to be
transferred to the city of Baltimore, and the Baltimore
and Ohio Railroad Company,to whom have been granted
'the privilege of diverting the trade and travel from our
own city as well as the revenue from the state improve-
ments. The Pennsylvania rail will, on the contrary,
greatly increase the revenue derived from the state im-
provements, both from canals and railroids, particularly
from the Philadelphia and Columbia Railroad with, which
it will be connected. It will furnish in connexion with
the Ohio Railroads, now 19 progress of construction,
and with which it will be united, the most central, the
shortest, the cheapest, aid but route between the At-
lantic seaboard and thUgres4 West, and must, therefore,
attract to itself an immense amount of trade and travel,
as the following table will make manifest :
Max'm grade
per mile
From Cleveland to Boston, via Buf-
falo, Albany, and Massachusetts
R. Roads
From Cleveland to New York via the

New York and Erie Railroad 640 60 "
From Cleveland to New York, via
Pittsburg, Harrisburg, and Phi-
ladelphia
From Gleveland toPhiladelphia, via
Pittsburg and Harrisburg 466 45 "
It will thus be seen that Cleveland, the most important
city on the lakes, and the northern terminus of the Ohio
State Canal, more than 300 miles in length, and the Cin-
cinnati, Columbus, and Cleveland Railroad, now in pro-
gress, 260 miles in length, both passing through highly
productive portions of the State, is situated 265 miles
nearer Philadelphia by the Pennsylvania route than to
Boston by the new York and Massachusetts route, and
174 miles nearer Philadelphia by the Pensylvania route
than to the city of New York by the shortest New York
route, whilst the maximum gradients in all cases are
greatly in favour of the Pennsylvania route. Who,
therefore, can reasonably doubt that a railroad possess-
ing such superior advantages will attract to itself an
immense amount of trade and travel, richly remunerating
the stockholders, at the same time adding largely to
the revenues of the commonwealth, and contributing
beyond all present estimates to the growth and comfort,
the business and prosperity of Philadelphia ? What
has been the effect of similar improvements in other
cases ? But for the construction of the main line from
Philadelphia to Pitsburg, imperfect as it is, and im-
peded by frosts and droughts for a considerable
portion of the year, and other internal improve
means, the population, business, and real estate of
these two cities, as well as of other portions of the
State,, would scarcely have equalled two-thirds
of the present estimates. The construction of the
Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, towards which the city of
Baltimore largely contributed, although completed only
half the entire distance, has, as is stated, nearly or quite
doubled the amount of her western trade, and greatly
augmented the value of her real and personal estate,
whilst the nett earnings of the road are already more
than equal to the interests on the investment. The city
of New York, within ten years from the completion of
the New York and Erie Canal, had nearly doubled her
population, and the value of her real and personal
estate had swelled from 100 millions to 218 millions,' and
went on increasing, notwithstanding great pecuniary dif-
ficulties and devastating fires, until the completion of the
railroad from Boston to Albany, which has had a sensible
effect in diminishing the western trade, and thereby the
value of her real and personal estate. The road from
Albany to Boston was completed in 1841, in which year
the value of her real and personal estate in the city of
New York was 252 millions ; in 1842, 238 millions ; in
1843, 228 millions; in 1844, 236 millions; and in 1845,
240 millions ; still 12 millions less than in 1841,
although in the interim several thousand buildings
were erected. "Ifetan-Yorh-viaerly with the hope of
recovering her lost advantages, had found it expedient
to construct a railroad (running nearly parallel with
the Hudson river) and another to Dunkirk on Lake
Erie, at an aggregate expense of some twenty millions
of dollars. " Upon Baston the effect of this road (from
Boston to Albany) has been most remarkable. In the
four years intervening from 1841 to 1845, her population
has increased from 93,000 to 115,000, and the value of
her real and personal estate within the same period,
from $98,000,000 to $135,000,000. When this growth
is compared with her former history, as the oldest city
on the Atlantic, we shall
be able to appreciate her
astonishing progress under the disadvantages of a soil
ungenia', almost to sterility." Even the city of Albany,
though small in comparison, has aided much more
liberally in proportion to her means than Philadelphia
is now desired to, towards the construction of a rail-
road designed to promote her trade and intercourse.
That city has thereby greatly increased, not only the
business, but the value of her real and personal estate,
and at the same time is receiving dividends on the
amount of her investment at the rate of 8 per cent. per
annum. Yet none of these improvements held out,
originally, any advantages, either general or special
at all to be compared with those that may reasonably be
expected from the speedy construction of the Pennsyl-
vania Railroad. If satisfactory assurances are given
that this road will be promptly commenced and pushed
forward to completion, we may safely calculate not only
upon a connexion with the Pittsburg and Cleveland
road, and the road leading from Cincinnati via Colum-
bus to Cleveland, but also with the Sandusky and Mans-
field road, either at Mansfield or Mount Vernon, with
a probable extension westward, through the cen-
tral portions of Ohio, Indiana and Illinois, to
the Mississippi river, with branches from the
north and the south, which in less than three
years from its completion will bring to the main stem an
amount of trade and travel far surpassing all present cal-
culation. This is the true, and the only true method of
securing for Philadelphia any considerable portion of the
trade Si the lakes. The produce and commodities, which,
in the absence of such railroad facilities as we have above
suggested, are now, at much expense,
conveyed chiefly
from the northern and central portions of Ohio, Indiana,
and Illinois, to ports on the lakes, and give employment
to a vast amount of tonnage, if once afloat on those
waters, may be considered as lost to Philadelphia. If we
design to secure for Philadelphia "the trade of the
lakes," we must intercept it before it reaches the lakes.
At Cleveland, Sandusky, and Toledo, and between the
two places last named, a railroad is now contemplated ;
we have the advantage in distance of 174 miles, and at
all pi iints 50 miles south of the lakes, 274 miles over New
York, and a still greater advantage over Boston, and
during the five months of the year, when the- lakes are
closed, which is the season when the products of the west
are generally prepared for market, the cities named can-
not compete with us, either fur the trade or travel, ex-
cept by our " central route." The navigation of the
lakes is usually obstructed by ice from five to six
months in the year, whilst the railroad during seasons
of frost, as well as at all other seasons, will furnish
a ready, safe, and expeditious conveyance, without
trans-shipment, to a steady and desirable market.
On such a railroad, so extended and connected,
it has been estimated, by good judges, that
the tonnage cannot be less than 200,000, and
the passengers 300,000 per annum! Who shall calcu-
late the effect of such an increased amount of trade and
travel upon the commerce and navigation, and the
growth and prosperity of Philadelphia? But what if
the Pennsylvania Railroad be not made, and the Balt-
more and Ohio Company, as they would in that ease
have the right to do, should extend their road to Pitts-
burg, and form a connexion with the Ohio railroads, to
which we have above alluded. All the advantages, we
repeat, which we have it now in our power to secure for
our own state and city, would then be transferred to the
Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, and to the city of Balti-
more. Some, we are aware, have affected to believe
that Philadelphia, because of her superior capital, and
the deservedly high character of her merchants, would
still retain her present portion of the western trade, al-
though she might not be able to increase it. This we
believe to be a fatal delusion. The position of Baltimore,
so far as regards the foreign and coastwise trade, is at
least equal to that of Philadelphia; and, in the case
above supposed, her advantages in respect to the wes-
tern trade would be greatly superior. The distance by
railroad from that city to Philadelphia is 93 miles. The
additional expense, therefore, of transporting 200,000
tons of freight between the two points, at the low rate of
three cents. per ton per mile, and 21 cents. per ton for
charges in Baltimore, would be ............ $600,000
And for conveying 300,000 passengers at the
same rate, and the same allowance for ex-
penses in Baltimore, would be

Making an annual tax of ........41,500,000
against Philadelphiaand in favour of Baltimore, or in that
ratio according to the greater or less amount of business
and travel passing by that route between Philadelphia
and the West. So monstrous a tax as this the business
men of Philadelphia cannot aff,rd to pay, and the
Western dealer will not pay. By the construction of
the Pennsylvania Railroad, Philadelphia will be placed
even nearer to Pittsburgh, and to the main channels of
the western trade, than Baltimore can possibly be by
way of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. whilst the
maximum gradients on the latter nearly double those
on the former. Nature has afforded us advantages and
facilities with respect to railroad improvements enjoyed

by no other Atlantic city, and if we avail ourselves of
these advantages and facilities, while it is yet time, the
growth and prosperity of Philadelphia will at least equal,
if it do not surpass, that of any other city in the union.
Some have entertained the opinion that if the Baltimore
and Ohio Railroad Company should ultimately extend
their road through Virginia to the Ohio river at Wheel-
ing, or Fishing Creek, a large portion of the trade and
travel ascending that stream would be diverted
by that road, notwithstanding its short curvatures and
gradients, varying from eighty-two to a hundred feet
per mile, and consequent high charges. This we believe
to be a groundless apprehension. The average periel
in each year, for a number of years past, during which
the Ohio river could not be navigated to advantage by
steam-boats, is -less than six weeks, say thirty-nine
days—previously to the arrival of which period, western
produce is usually sent to market—and it is
during this short space of time only that
this road could enjoy any of these supposed advan-
tages. The Pennsylvania route, by its connexion
with Cincinnati, above. referred to, will strike the
river many miles below, at one of our most important
cities. To and from this point the passenger desirous of
avoiding the river would assuredly take the railroad.
Where expedition is of more importance than low freight,
or in low stages of water, the same would be the case
with merchandise. Where low"freight is an object, as is
almost always the case with produce and heavy articles,
Pittsburg, the bead of navigation, would of course be
preferred as the point of transhipment to any point lower
down. Whether, therefore, we consider the expedition
and advantages of railroad communication alone, or
these combined with the economy of water transporta-
tion, the Pennsylvania route must have the preference."
The views of the opposition are embodied in what is
entitled an anti-subscription address, wherein it is con=
tended that the expected cost of the line of from seven
to ten millions of dollars is a perfect probability, seeing
that the cost of railways hitherto has only been imper-
fectly estimated among them. It asserts that the progress
of private subscription has proved to be inconsiderable,
when compared with the demands of the charter; and
this was the natural consequence of what had taken
place. The commissioners adjourned their last meeting
in September to a day beyond the coming election, be-
cause, it may be presumed, private subscription had
ceased to come in. The interference of the new coun-
cils has become the principal, if not the final, hope of
the railroad ; and after merchants, traders, manufac-

turers, mechanics, householders, lot-owners, and pro-
prietors of every kind in the city, in the districts, and
in the state at large, have proved either so blind or so
true to their own interests as not to have subscribed to
secure the charter, the Whig list or candidates for the
councils has been formed by the conferees precisely in
that manner that will compel every owner of
real estate in the city to submit to the road,
whatever may be his view either of his own
interests or of the interest of the corporation.
A voluntary subscription has failed. It never
was resorted to in the temper, spirit, and manner
through which alone it could be obtained, From the
very outset, all the calculations of profit and all the sug-
gestions of personal interest put forth by the friends and
patrons of the road were completely and fatally dis
credited by their own course in resorting to the city ;
and it has now come to be the nearly universal feeling,
that if the city does not make it, the road will not be
made •, and that if the city does make it, it will only
be made by her because the sacrifice of private capital to
make it will be so much beyond the value to the sub-
scribers, that men acting with the instincts which govern
all trades and the investments of all property for their
own account, will have nothing to do with it. The
railroad itself is no object of aversion to any of us—far
from it. We should be glad to see it made by those who
see their interest in it, for then we should be morally
sure that it would be worth the expenditure ; but we
confess our doubts, in con equence of the doubts which
are practically manifested by those who say the road is
indispensable to the city. We confess our doubts,
arising from this cause, whether the road is so iroportnt
to any interest as it has been declared to be ; and we
entertain a perfect conviction that if by the interest
of the city is meant the interest of the cor
poration of the city, or the interest of the owners
of property in the city, that so far is the declara-
tion from being true, that it is directly opposed to the
truth.. On this point we ask your attention to the fol-
lowing suggestions. There is one proposition connected
with this subject, the truth of which has, we believe
never been questioned ; that is to say, that if the city
shall subscribe for the number of shares proposed, pri-
vate subscriptions will cease altogether, and the city
must take the burden of the whole railroad upon her-
self. There is another, which we think equally clear,
that she must raise the money by loans, if she can, and
must pay the interest by taxes, if she can. She has no
other disposable resources. No financiering will relieve
the property of the inhabitants from this burden. There
is a third, that all experience in Pennsylvania shows to
be as true as either of the others ; that for years and
years to come, and for a period which we are unable to
measure, this burden of taxes must-continue. There is
not an extensive work of this kind in the state, whether
public or private, that brings any dividend to its stock-
holders. You may look around this city in every direc-
tion. Railroads and canals have been projected and car-
ried on in the same spirit which now rules, and the end
at this time is that the stocks of most of the private com-
panies have disappeared from the brokers' exchange as of
no commercial value ; that even their loans are far,
very far, below par, except in some solitary instances,
and that we pay a tax to meet the interest on the loans
contracted by the state to make such of these works as
are public, and shall continue to pay it, as long as the
public faith shall endure. Can any person tell when the
dawn is to break upon the long night which has settled
upon most of these companies and works ? There have
always been arguments, very good arguments, against
any such occurrences as have happened ; but the occur-
rences are before our eyes, and unless we shut them, and
keep them shut, it is impossible to avoid seeing them in
every direction ; and unless men are willing to be
cheated, and even desirous of being cheated, they will
take no argument whatever against such experience.
There is another proposition which has great probability
on its side, though it may not be so evident as the other,
namely, that in proportion as any dividends from a
successful railroad shall meet a part of the interest on
the city loans, we may look for a diminution of re-
ceipts upon a long line of the public works, and
increased taxation to meet it. What we may Cease
paying in part to the city, we shall pay to the state.
These taxes, fellow-citizens, are to fall upon what ?
Upon any new property within the city which the
railroad is to create. Upon an increased capital of the
trader, manufacturer, and mechanic within her limits ?
Upon an inct eased value of her houses and lots ? Not
at ull ; or if at all, only in a most inconsiderable de-
gree. When the advocates of this subscription say that
the railroad will produce an increase of taxable capital
in the city of Philadelphia corresponding to the interest
on the increased debt, they use an ambiguous name,
which must be reduced to certainty before we can rea-
son with them. If they mean an increase of capital, or
a profit to the whole commercial city, including all the
districts, their allegation does not meet our objection.
Our concern is in the corporate city, and the corporate
city can derive no profit and no taxes from anything
beyond its limits. The increase, to be of any value in
the argument, must be within its limits. Now what is
the probable increase of houses and stores, or in their va-
lue, within those limits which the railroad is to set off in
aid of the tax paid ? In which direction, let us ask, is
the progress of buildings and improvements at the pre-
sent time under the influence of existing public im-
provements ? Let any man take a walk round our
city, and his eyes will see progress in the north, the
north-east, and north-west, and very little else-
where. This is the destiny of things not to be arrested,
and the railroad is to accelerate it. The great future
growth is to be in those directions, and not within the
limits of the city. For purposes of transportation to the
west the whole river front may be employed, as well as
that within the city, and that to receive the trade from
the west it must happen in this case as it universally
happens, that buildings of every kind will stretch out
towards the country. to meet the productions which are
coming in. The true interest and the necessary policy
of the city is to reduce her taxes as low as she can, to
make them, if possible, lower than those in the northern
districts, to counteract the advantage of position which
these districts enjoy over her western front, for ever lost
to the purposes of trade, as much as Moyamensing, and
destined to be the residence, not of trader?, but of per-
sons of easy fortune and of moderate income, and pos-
sibly of some manufactories, if the weight of taxes does
not drive them away. We say with confidence that every
dollar of tax which the railroad debt shall bring upon
the city, is a premium upon residence and improvement
in these districts, and therefore an injury to the city. It
is a premium for deserting the city west of Broad-street,
the only material space now remaining to be built upon.
The tax will be avoided, and equal or greater conve-
nience in residence obtained by going north. A raj-
road tax upon the city must have the double effect to
discourage investments in the city, and to increase them
in the districts; to increase the value of property else-
where, and to diminish it at home. It is felt, and justly
felt, to be hard that the western trade, which is the
golden fleece this railroad is to obtain for our traders,
even if every dollar of it comes into the city, will not
pay one dollar of taxation towards the expenses of the
road. The trade is not expected to be taxed; it cannot
be taxed; it eludes state taxation at this present time,
when there is a clear and positive law to tax it, and the
state does not get a dollar from it. The taxes must

fall on that on which the present taxes fall, and if any
one thinks they are not heavy enough at present, we
cannot object to his voting for those who will vote to
increase them. The taxes, then, fellow citizens, which
this railroad is to necessitate, are not to fall upon the
new houses and stores within the city, vi hich are to be
built up in consequence of it, not upon the increased
capital of the trader, nor upon the increased value of
existing houses and stores. They are to fall upon the
property now existing, and in our judgment to depre•
mate the value of the great mass of that property,
and to raise the value of like property in
the districts. It is this general proposition
`that we ask you to consider. There may be, and if
the road should pr,,ve successful, there probably will be,
exceptions in favour of curtain descriptions of property
in the city. But the proposition we hold to be generally
true; and we had vastly rather, as citizens of this city,
take the hazard of losing the western trade, if it is to

be lost, of which we have little fear, than to incur the mo-
mentous responsibility of burdening the,city with a tax to
make the road, with the, probable consequences which
are before us. We wash our hands of it, as we hope you
will do. There are many other objeetions to this scheme
of compelling the corporation to build •the railroad,
which we can only name, without explaining and enforc-
ing them:—the extreme rashness of embarking the city
in such a project upon mere credit, for the has no dis-
posable property to pay her subscription without borrow-
ing; the jealousy which is certain to be entertained of
her by the country and by the legislature, if she succe:
fully controls such a Work, where there exists quite
enough of thatfeeling already; the fierce contentions of
party within her limits for the control of all the contracts,
appointments and emoluments that are to grow out
of the road; the .defects of the railroad charter,
which give the company no security whatever far the
enjoyment of the Columbia railroad upOn equal terms
with those who use the state works, nor for consulting
the interest or. convenience of the company in the use of
it, and which contains no authority to the company to
make a road betiieen Harrisburg and Philadelphia, for
its own use, while, in a -certain event, it is careful to
give that right from Harrisburg to Lancaster ;, the de-
fective management that must arise under the directors
and agents of a municipal legislature, of anntial elec-
tion, of occasional attendance, of imperfect experience,,
distant from the scene, and expending from the city
purse, and not from their 'own; these and 'other objec-
tions fill us with the deepest apprehensions.

DUTCH AND HAMB WIWI. MAILS.
AMSTERDAM; DEC. 23.—8 y a royal resolution of the"
22d Septembet, and another of 25th- November, the
estates of the province of Drouthe •are authorised to
negotiate a loan for account of the province of Drouthe
to the amount of 20,000110 !ins, to 'defray part of the
expenses of constructing a road 'froin ROW to the
frontiers of the province of Groningen, according to a.
plan approved of by liirlifijesty. The estates of the
province have given notice that the loan shall consist of
40 shares of 500 florins each, bearing interest of 4 per
cent. per annum. His Royal Highness Prince Alexander,
accompanied by his Aide-de-Camp, has returned from
the Loo to this city.
EINDHOVEN, DEC. 20.—The diligence which left this-
place yesterday morning at half-past eight o'clock, to
proceed to Bois le Duc, was obliged, after going two
leagues on its road, to turn back, it not being possible
to go any further on account cf the great quantity of
snow, which had drifted to a vast height, and had en-
tirely blocked up the road.
The mail from Holland, which ought to have arrived
on Friday, did not reach here till the morning, being'
brought by a man on horseback. The Belgian mail,
which should have arrived yesterday, did not reach here
till to-day. Thus the mails are stopped or considerably
delayed in all directions to Eindhoven.

VIENNA, DEC. 14.—A melancholy event had lately
nearly cost the life of our Archbishop, Milde. The
Chamberlain of the Archbishop, whi for some days had
evidently been labouring under a fit of melancholy, en-
tered his master's bed-room early in the morning, and
announced to him, that he came by order of a vi-ion that
had appeared to him in a dream, and commanded him to
cut his Excellency's throat. in this extremity
the Archbishop ' retained his presence of mind,
notwithstanding the danger, and answered that
such commands were not to be resisted ; but
that it was the duty of a Christian to set about every-
thing with prayer. His Excellency profited by the time
which he had gained, to escape into an adjoining apart-
ment, and to lock the door, after which, the madman
was taken and lodged in safe custody.
BERLIN, DEC. IB.—We find in almost every journal
very different accounts of tlt2 arrests which have taken
place here: The most fabulous report is that commu-
nicated to the Breslau Gazttte, which pretends to have
got scent of a communis conspiracy, propagated by
Emisaries from France. There appears to be no other
foundation for this, than that the information which was
received by the police was written in the French language.
It is said there is no ground for the assertion that
those who were arrested had formed a society com-
pletely organised. Mr. Beheends, the young clergy-
man, who was asked at his first examination,
whether he had not chiefly reckoned on meet-
ings of mechanics, positively denied this, declar-
ing that he had merely spoken in a public place
with several persons whom he accidentally met. The
person whom the authorities announced to be most
deeply implicated is a young merchant's clerk named
Ottensosser, who is accused of having read prohibited
poems in a public place, though many persons deny this.
We understand that the greater part of the persons
arrested here at Berlin on the 9th of this mcnth, on
suspicion of seditious intrigues, have been already set at
liberty, and'only six more remain under arrest.
HAMM:TRIM, DEC. 20.—The mails of the 15th and
16th from Paris are still due.

(From the office of the liamburgh and Altona Telegraph.)
Yesterday, during a south wind, with rain, and a rapid
thaw, the ice in the Elbe became more and more unsafe,
and if the weather eontinues the same, it is intended to
break up the ice in the harbour. Yesterday the ice was
firm at Blankenese and Sehule, but to-day it is all
drifting again.
. _

DEC: 2f. —The ice is still firm at the Devil's Bridge,
and the Elbe was still passable this morning in hand-
sledges. The workmen are busy in the harbour break-
ing up the ice. At Blankenese and Brunshausen there
is much floating ice.
GLlJoimarrr, DEC. 20.—Yesterday we had a thaw
with a high west-south-west wind and drifting snow.
The Elbe is covered with flakes of ice, and the weather
allows ships to unload only a few hours in the afternoon.
DEC. 21.—The south-west wind and rain have pre-
vailed since yesterday, and the ice has already disap•
peered. The Marshal steam-boat is unloading, and will
probably have finished to-day.
CUXHAVEN, DEC. 19.—There being much drift ice in
the channel of Cuxhaven, the ships ready for sea have
come from the road into port. They have all been
obliged to take extra hands to bring them into the
harbour.

VIENNA, DEC. 15.—Lord Ponsonby still remains in
the hotel, and, except official visits to Prince Met.
ternich, has neither paid nor received any visits. The
diplomatic relations seem, notwithstanding, to assume a
more amicable appearance. On the other hand, the
pecuniary crisis becomes more and more threatening,
and the prospects in this respect are very gloomy. Mer-
chants of the middle class, not speculators on change,
but some of the real manufacturing and mercantile
classes are daily stopping payment here and in the pro-
vinces, and a greater number of bankruptcies may be
shortly expected. These are the consequences of the
limited credit given by our national bank.
BERLIN, DEC. 19.—The military journals of this
city announce that the Grand Duke C, nstantine of
Russia has been appointed Chief of the 9th regiment of
Edu'sars.

DRESDEN, DEC. 14.—The incorporation of Cracow
with the Austrian monarchy seems to have a very fa-
vourable effect on the situation of the late dictator,
Typowski, for it is positively asserted that he will be set
at liberty in the spring, and provided with passports.
STOCKHOLM, DEC. 15.—The Government has ratified
the following conventions—The treaty of commerce and
navigation between Sweden and Norway, and Mecklen-
burgh Schwerin; the portal convention between Sweden
and Norway and Russia, Concluded on the 29th of July;
and the postal convention, concluded on the Bth of Octo-
ber, between Norway and Denmark.—Hamburgh Papers,
Dec. 22.

DUTCH FUNDS.—AmsrEaDent, Dec. 24.
Money. Bills
Actual Debt, 2% per Cent•• • • • •• • 594 6014
Ditto, 3 per Cent •• .. 71 72%
Ditto, 4 per Cent...... ..... •• 92% 923(
Amort Syndic, 3% per Cent..........
Commercial Company, 4% per Cent .. 174 4 174.%
East India Loan, 4 per Cent..........
Exchange on London, at sight . ...... 11 97
Two m0nth5............... 11 90
On Hamburgh, at sight .... 35 63
Two m0nth5............... 35 25
On Paris • •• ..... •• 56 50

Tw0tn0uth5........• •• • 56 12
—Dutch Papers, Dec. 26.
HAMBURG"' BORSENIIALLE, lAc. 22.
Bills• Money.
Austrian 5 per Cents . .... ....• .. 108
Bank Shares •. • •• • • ••• . •• • • 1570
Anglo-Russian Loan .• .• •. ••••• • •• •• 105% 10.5
Russian 5 per Cent., Hsmb. Certificate. 100% 100%
Ditto Ist series Inscription. •••••• • • • .. 101%
Ditto, Hope and Co., 3d and 4th series.. 96%
Ditto, in Certiflcate• ••••••••• • • • • .• • • 96%
New 4 per Cent., Hope and Co. 88%
Ditto Stieglitz . ....• • . ..... 87%
Spanish New 5 per Cent. • •• •• •••• • • 19 18%
Ditto 3 per Cent
Anglo-Portuguese Loan, 2% per Cent•.
Dutch Actual Debt, 2% per Cent ••• •• 59
Ditto 3 per Cent. ..............
Polish New 4 per Cent. Loan, 1844.... 78
Anglo-Danish Loan, 3 per Cent ...... 84% 84
National

FLANDERS MAIL.
BRUSSELS, DEC. 24.—The Ch;mber of Representa-
tives voted, to-day, the budget of the Department of the
Interior, and the project of law relative to the duties of
Custom on leather and hides, and on hemp. The
Chamber then adjourned until the 12th of January next.
In this sitting the Minister for Foreign Affairs pre-
sented a project of law relative to granting two millions,
to permit the Government to participate in the founda-
tion of a society for the exportation of linen and manu-
factures. The project of law enacts, that this expense
shall be met by an issue of Treasury bonds. The sta-
tutes of the society are added to the project of law, the
examination of which is referred to the sections.

In the debate on that part of the budget of the Inte-
rior, which took place to-day, M. Verhaegen found fault
with a chapter of belles lettres, science, and art,-parti-
cularly the grant allowed for the publication of the
" National Library." The Minister of the Interior and
M. Therode replied. The reduction of 10,000 f. in the
artieles of belles lettres and science, proposed by the
central section, was adopted. A considerable discussion
arose on the article " Archives of the Kingdom." The
Minister of the Interior declared that the Government
hoped soon to be able to assign a suitable locality for tr,e
" Archives of the Kingdom." On the article " Fine
Arts," M. Northcomb invited the attention of the Le-
gislature and the Government to the necessity of re-
storing the celebrated ".Descent from the Cross," by
Rubens, which will soon peel of from the pannels, un-
less measures are taken prevent so depl.,rable an acci-
dent. The Deputies of Antwerp, and the Minister of
the Interior, inquired who was to be blamtd for the
delay in the restoration of this masterpiece ? May the
observations of M. Northcomb stimulate the zeal of

~~ ,~~~
~~ ~

. _ L
•••
those whose duty it is to preserve that s
tion of a great master, our glory and our ;...
the city of Antwerp show itself worthx6Clibsdiii o.)).
" metropolis of the arts in Belgium," by p =,. _ segtlo
- fo,"
a skilful reparation, this " ll...seent from ..
.341.4
which, in the opinion of the director of the
seum, will not exist more than a year, unless the re-
storation is immediately undertaken. The budget of
the'Department of the Interior was voted by a majority
of 59 to .5:

;7_.,?__ J

The Senate,' in its- sitting of to-day, voted the budget
for-Foreign Affairs, the project of law for exempting
from import duty salt destined for feeding cattle and for
manure, and .the provisional vote of credit of five mil-
lions for the War Department.
A deputation of a dozen respectable inhabitants of the
town of Renaix was "received to-day by the Minister of
the Interior. These gentlemen stated the melancholy
state of distress which prevails at Renaix and the envi-
rons, and solicited M. de Theux to afford speedy assist-
ance, to relieve the sufferings of the indigent. This
deputation had a long conference, also, with the Go-
vernor of East Flanders.
The Monituer of this day published the convention
concluded between Belgium and the German Zollve-
rein, signed at Brussels on the 26th of June, 1846, to
secure the suppression of smuggling 'on the frontier be-
tween Belgium and the Zollverein.
The heavy snow which has fallen within these few days
in the environs of-Brussels, has caused the death of four
persons, who were buried in it on one day.
The water of the Meuse again rose very considerably
during the night, and is now beginning to overflow the
banks.
A melancholy accident has just taken place in the coal
mine of Donchy. Six miners are said to have been
killed on Monday last, in consequence of au explosion,
the cause and particulars of which are not known.
BELGIAN FllNDS.—Bansms, Dac. 22.
Actual Debt, 2% per Cent
Rothschild's Loan, Five per Cent .........--
Loan of Thirty Millions, Four per Cent •• • •
Ditto Three per Cent..................
Ditto Thirty-seven Millions, ditto
Ditto, ditto,lB4o .......... ••• • • • •• • 100%
, Ditthfditto,lB42... ...... ....... ••• . • 101
Ditt0,1844... . . .
Ditto, 1836... . .. •.•••• • • • • • . 95%
Ditto of the City, 1832 ...... •
Ditto, 1843 .
Bank ofßelgium • • —••• • • • 925
—Brussels Papers. Dec. 22.
AUSTRIAN FUNDS.—Vnumt, DEC. 12.
5 per Cent. Metalliques. •••• ••• •• IOBX
4 per Cent. ditto.... ..... ••• • • • 99%
3 per Cent. 74
Ditto, 1839 ... •••• . • • • ....• 119
Bank Shares ...... ........ ••• • • •• • • 1565
Esterhazy's Loan . . ........
RAILWAYS.
The Northern, or Ferdinand •• • • . 175%
Vienna—Milan .. • •• • • • • .. .. 110
Sienna ........
Grosetto . • • • . •
Oldenburg ..........
Pestoja • •
Perth Bridge ..
Apenninen
—Allgemeine Zeitung. Dec. 16

94k'

ADELAIDE GALLERY.

The spirited proprietor of this establishment com-
menced, on Saturday, a series of morning performances
(commencing at three and ending at five), which are
more especially adapted or t lie amusement of the juve-
nile branches of families who are at home for the holi-
days. In the getting up of 'hese performances, the
manager has catered ini.st judiciously for juvenile tastes.
Children delight to witness tee performances of children,
and the a itnessing such performances creates in the
children who are the audience a degree of emulation
whi,h mikes them pursue their studies with tenfold
vigour, in order, possible, to equal those whose efforts
are rewarded by the greatest of all guerdons to children,
approbation and fame: theref'ore has the manager acted
most judiciously in securing the services the talented
Turner family, whose performances last season at the St.
James's Theatre, created such a sensation in the fashion-
ble world, and who have during the recess been con-
stantly Performing at the parties of the nobility in town
and country. These wonderful little musicians are three
in number, Miss C. S. Turner, eight years of age, and
Miss R. P. Turner six years of age, harpists, and Miss
S. 0. Turner, a beautiful child only tour years of age,
a violinist, and a violinist whose taste, precision, aeon-
racy, and firmness, might put many a full grown
pet former to the blush. Her fantasie, on the
favourite waltz of the Duc de Reichstadt :-was
exquisitely given, as was her duet for the violin and hhrp
from Norma, in which she was admirably supported by
her elder sister the harpist. The most wonderful per-
formances, however, were the trios, the two elder sisters
performing on one harp, and the younger on the violin.
Exquisitely beautiful as musical performances, these trios
were also most interesting as tableaux. The two sisters
playing on one harp, the one leaning over the other, and
the younger sister at their side playing on her violin,
formed the roost tasteful group imaginable. It was a
beautiful picture. The intervals between the performances
of the Turner's were amusingly filled up by the Nigger
melodies of the Lantum Ethiopian Serenaders. They
are merely imitators it is true, but it is equally true that
they approach nearer the originals than any imitators
who have yet appeared. With children who have a taste
for music, the morning performance at the Adelaide
Gallery will be an especial favourite.

ANOTHER DISASTER ON THE
EDINBURGH AND GLASGOW RAILWAY.
On Friday evening last another collision took place
near Bishop Bridge, ou the passenger train, which left
Edinburgh at a quarter to
_eight o'clock, reaching Glas-
gow near to eleven. The passengers were thrown into -
the greatest state of terror and alarm. They have called
a meeting on the subject this day (Saturday), at one
o'clock, in the Black Bull Hotel. It is surely high time
that the Government of the country should look into
the state of this railway.—Scotch Reformers' Gazette.

INDIAN Come.—Sinae:lesterday morning the ves-
sels enumerated blow have arrived at Cove. These are
all laden with Indian Corn. The tonnage given is the
register tonnage, and us they bring, of course, much more
than the. weight mentioned, there cannot be under 7,000
,quarters of maize introduced in these six vessels. We
mentioned in our last the probability of the Manchester
(American vessel) discharging here. Since then we have
heard she goes round to Lomertek to unload. The cap-
tain of this ship states that he left as many as seventy'
vessels loading with Indian Corn at New York, and des-
tined for Ireland. As spring approaches we calculate
on large supplies of this grain from that port and New
Orleans.

Cadiz Packet... l5l tons from Leghorn.
Nov pnrt l6l ... Genoa.
George Deane
Ambroye .
Zante Packet
Quicksilver l6l ... ... Vienna.

Total

1152 tons—Cork Examiner.

Two " GENT LEMEN."—A very brutal and black-
guard assault w.s c mrnitted at the Devonport theatre,
oe Wednesday rVeflillg. Two naval officers, whose
names, we regret to say, have not been ci mmunicated to
us, f,,r they have not been sufficiently identified, fel
disposed, in a very larkish and gentlemanly spirit, to
disturb the harmony of the audience by endeavouring to
interrupt the performances. A sailor who was paid oft
from the Sappho rem.,nstrated with them, when one
officer with a stick struck the poor fellow and knocked.
off his hat, and another immediately inflicted a terrible,
blow on his head, with what is called a life-preserver,
and cut it open. The life preserver was taken possession
of, but, unfortunately, these "gentlemen" did not
meet with the chastisement they deserved. We hope
they are not done with yet.—Devonport Independent.
ASTRONOMY IN FRANCE.—M. 1 e Verrier, whose
name has lately become European by the discovery o
the new planet, and who has, within the last fortnight,
been appaiuted, by royal ordonnance, to one of the new
professorships, founded on the Faculty of Sciences, com-
menced on Wednesday, at the Sorbonne, his course of
lectures on astronomy. Upwards of 1,200 persons,
amongst whom might be remarked most of the scientific
men of Paris, were closely packed together on this occa-
sion. M. Le Verrier took for the eubject of his opening
address the pre eminence of mathematical astronomy
over that of simple observation, which latter it was
generally considered he treated somewhat too lightly.
The following sentence gives a tolerably fair idea of the
learned lecturer's view of the subject :—" When," said
he; "armed with your instruments, you observe the hea-
vens, you advance with difficulty towards the mountain,
and at last you climb it slowly ; whereas, by the omni-
potence of mathematical analysis, you tell the mountain
to come to you, and it comes and bends with humility at
your feet."
SUPPLIES FROM AMERICA.—An extensive land-
proprietor in the state of Illinois, United States, has
received a letter. from his family by the last mail, it,
which they tell him that in sending a team of grain t'
Chicago, they were detacnei a day longer than usual L
getting delivery. There was such an influx of grai
into the place, that there was not storage nor shippin
to take it away as fast as it was brought into tom
there being no less than one thousand teams on the roe
at one time laden with grain for the market at tht.
place. Price, 75 cents. per bushel.
The late severe weather has brought a great quer
tity of wild fowl inland., The marshes round Caute
bury have been literally inundated with ducks, snip(
woodcocks, &c. Last week a flock of nearly a hundr( •
geese were seen at Sandwich. At New Romney, an
other places near the coast, the numbers have also bet
very great.—Dover Chronicle.
REFORMS IN THE PAPAL STATES.—The commit
sion appointed by the Pope to examine into the questica
connected with a revision of the civil and criminal lay
has made its first report, at which it passes in revie
what it considers as the most urgent reforms, the fort
mast of which is the institution of the jury. Accordir
to the plan proposed by the commission, the jury=
would be divided into two classes. The first would ii
elude rich landowners, members of the nobility, at
commercial notabilities. The second would be compost
of literary men, such as doctors of law and medicine, t
upper employes of the Government, members of ti
academies, and professors of the universities. One met
ber of the commission proposed tha', the judicial discu
sions should be public, but this reform was consider
by others as premature.

INCREASE IN THE VALUE OF LAND
i
SHIRE.—At the recent sale of waste lands,lgunSdegur ()t!.
Clun Forest Inelosure Act, out of twenty-eight lo
ooff.ne bre.)d,
privatet enty
tsreevaet)n,.
Someweresoldofutnhdeearbtohvee
lots,
an
open common, tetch( d the high price of 26/. peurpsotnattui
acre ; and the average price of all the land sold was' 11
per acre. About live years ago, under the restricts
norn.laws, similar land, sold in the same way, and at ti
same place, 6id not produce a greater average than 7
ppeeropalcerein.
thOen.inithmiseodciacte asion, whole was bought b
th
e neighbourhood.

THEATRE ROYAL, DRURY-LANE.
The eminent PANTOMIME THEATRE, and the FIRST PANTO-
MIME COMPANY.
THIS EVENING
Will he performed Balfe's Opera, entitled THE BONDMAN.
Marquis de Vernon, Mr. Weiss; Floreville, Mr. Rafter; Morliere,
Mr. Ilorricastle ; L 4 Valliere, Mr. Galli ; Ardenford, Mr. Harrison ;
Mal-63,pDpos, Mr. Harley; Madame Corinne, Miss Romer; Grisette,
Miss ile&Ntt Isaacc
After which Will be produced the Grand Comic Christmas Panto-
mime, be'ng a mixture of the historical and legendary, entitled
HARLEQUIN AND ST. GEORGE AND THE DRAGON. The
Overture and Music composed by Mr. R. Hughes ; the new and ex-
tensive Scenery by Mr. Grieve, Mr. Telbin, and numerous as-
sistants ; the Tricks and Transformations by Mr. Blamire ; the Ma-
chidery by Mr. R. Sloman ; the Dresses by Mrs. Bovey, Mrs. Balls,
and a host of auxiliaries. The whole produced under the superin-

endence of Mr. W. West.
Scene 1. ABODE OF KALYBA. THE ENCIIANTRESS.—Date and lo-
cality not exactly known, but considered by the Antiquarian Society
to have been discovered " somehow or other," " some time or other,"
near " somewhere or other " Kalyba (the Enchantress, not by Balfe,
mistress of all the elements, except those of " Arithmetic," having
quite miscalculated her power), Mr. H. Horncastle ; Fiends and Fu-
ries (illustrating a common expression of speech, with anything but
a common expression of countenance), Messrs. J. W, Morgan, Burt,
Connell, and H. Payne ; Earth, Air, Fire, and Water, (the four Ele-
ments, with a strong love of mischief), by Dealers in each ; the
March of Intellect (travelling " incog." as," Young England," a true
bit of British blood, by Intellect out of Industry, dam by Science,
out of Perseverance, has never been beaten, and can be matched
against anything), Miss Annie Payne.—How the March of Intellect
pays a " flying visit" to Kalyba ; and how, being empowered by the
Committee on National Education, he gives the old lady sudden no-
tice to quit, by as suddenly changing the premises to
Scene 2. INTERIOR OF INFANT Senoot.—Schoolmaster, Mr. Big-
wig, who, at the request of his " Illustrious Visitor," gives the boys
a half•holiday on the occasion.
_.Scene 3. EXTERIOR AND BARBACAN or COVENTRY CASTLE.—

The Earl of Coventry (Lord Iligl7ST;;;rdof England, and his own
into the bargain), Mr. Mazzoni ; the Countess of Coventry (a good
housewife, and supposed to have been the inventor of the celebrated
" Coventry Cake"), Miss Haines ; Head Nurse (with a good character
from her last place), Mr. Cheel ; Master George (afterwards cele-
brated for a battle he fought with a dragon, but at present without
any knowledge of " arms," except his nurse's), Miss Marks ; Masters
tndrew, David. Patrick, Denis, James, Anthony (very youthful
nights, but destined, with their " cousin George," to astonish the

atives by and by as " The Seven Champions of Christendom"), Mas-
ers Coyle, Savell, Dix, Welsh, Desborg, Francis.—How the youthful
t. George is feted on his birth-day—how he makes his" first," and
nearly his " last " appearance is public on the occasion—how his
" cousins " Andrew, David, Patrick, Denis, James, and Anthony
come to a ish him many happy returns of the day—and how Kalyba
shows her " love of children" by taking the " whole brood under
her wing."
Norice.—" Nothings material to our historie " occurring during
a period of fifteen years, the author trusts that the audieace will al-
low him to cut it, and come again to
Scene 4. KALYBA'S HOUSE OF CORRECTION !—St. George of Eng-
land (a rum'un to look at, but a rare'un to go), Mr. W. H. Payne;
St. Andrew of Scotland, St. David of Wales, St. Patrick of Ireland
St. Denis of France, St. James of Spain, it. Anthony of Italy (all
pretty much of the same kidney !) Mr. Heath, Mr. Douglas, Mr.
Marks, Mr. Chapin, Mr. Sanger, Mr. J. Haynes.—How St. George
and his brola-r champions (considerably grown since their last ap-
pearance in public) are kept in durance vile, and an " very short
commons" by Kalyba—how Kalyba pops her affections on St. George
who " can't abide her"—in short, how—but we won't anticipate—
merely observing, that the upshot is the Downfall of Kalyba, and
the Emancipation of the Seven Champions of Christendom !
Scene 5. Dovra Roans.—How the Seven Champions of Christen-
dom set out for their respective destinations —" the management
having, i❑ the handsomest manner," made special arrangements for
that purpose with the various " Metropolitan Conveyance Com-
panies."

Scene 6. BANKS or THE NlLE.—Almanzor, King of Morocco (his
own Lord High Admiral, Commander-in-Chief, &e., on Ids way to
King Ptolemy's Court, to court King Ptolemy's daughter), Mr. T.
Matthews ; Ptolemy, King of Egypt (rather a remote ancestor of
Ibrahim Pacha, better known as Abraham Parker), Mr. Priorson.
:Moorish Sailors, Attendants on King Ptolemy, &c. How Almanzor
came to Egypt to he married--the Princess having a decided objec-
tion to their being " bound in Morocco ;" and how St. George, not
Laving even " dipped" into the question of " lights," runs his
steamer on shore, and saves liiinszlf on the funnel.
Scene 7. GRAND !TALL IN TILE PALACE OF PTOLEMY THE FlasT,
KING OF EGYPT.—The Princess Sabra, Mr. Hance, about to be mar-
ried to the King of Morocco, but patriotically devoting herself to the
digestive organs of the Dragon (a gentleman, whose prodigious
ailowance of jaw enables him to speak for himself ), Mr. Wielrind.
How this " marriage in high life" is suddenly interrupted by the
Dragon, who, not only forbids the banns ; but elopes with the bride ;
thereby plunging " her illustrious parents and several families of dis-
tinction at the west-end of the town into the deepest affliction," &c.
(vide Morning Papers).