The Sun.
London, England, 1846-01-14 00:00:00

THE SUN. LONDON,

THE WEATHER.—Strpt OFFICE, sex. 14.
TEZILEOEXTEIt, Lowest, 35; Highest, 42; WOOD, 40.
BAROMETER, 29.58.—W1ND W., fine.
Nes

•
WATER AT LONDON-BRIDGE THIS DAY.
Morning .. 5 minutes after 3 I Evening .. 21 minutes after 3

merit in any and every grade of existence is
worthy of stimulus and recompense. Still this
expenditure of generosity should never be restricted
to a clique, or a party, or any individual profession
in the State; like charity, it should undoubtedly
o.)mmence at home, but it should penetrate every
ewer and crevice of that home ; its application
should be discriminately universal. Naval or mili-
tary should never form an obstacle in the way
of improvement : in the abstract, the deni-
zen of a frigate or a camp should have such
guerdons meted • to them without any leaning in
either direction. But, as we have already remarked,
more particular care should be taken of, and more
particular honours lavished upon, the more necessary
of the two services : while, should this arrange-
ment be found, for the present, completely
beyond our attainment, the twin-professions
should at least be placed upon a footing of equality.
The Earl of ELLENBONOUGH has his own popularity
entirely at his disposal ; by reforming the many
abuses and oversights which had been permitted to
remain by his predecessors, he may readily ingratiate
himself with the nation at large, while he will be per-
forming at the same moment a most laudable, a most
sagacious, and a most noble-hearted achievement.
Nor should this re-organization be limited to any 1
one department of the navy ; from the highest to the
lowest, from the commodore to the purser, from the
purser to the more insignificant, though not less
honourable posts of seamanship, there are in every
situation demands upon the sympathy and interference
of our Legislature. Nothing is more fallacious than this
indolence in regard to our champions upon the water
—nor is anything more certain than the necessity
for some inquiry into their well-being and some ex-
traordinary changes. In this instance, however, the
proverb is unhappily reversed—magna est veritas sed
non pravalebil. Surely if the extension of the militia
be advisable just now, some exertions to remodel and,
as it were, to reanimate our sea forces would be
neither ill-timed or short-sighted.:

Many and specious have been the arguments con-
cocted by the protectionists, and disseminated among
their subsidiaries, with the intention not only of
making their cause hold good, but of consigning
every advocate of free trade to the abhorrence of his
fellow-countrymen. All their insinuations, however,
and all their inferences have verged to one prominent
and obtrusive point : they have endeavoured to im-
press upon the mass of agricultural labourers, that an
unconditional repeal of the corn-laws would inevi-
tably diminish their employment, by preventing the
reclamation of waste lands. This declaration has
formed the terrible Mons Meg with which they
have attempted to annihilate the League : this is
the veritable quintessence of their opposition ; and
plausible enough it may have appeared to
those who merely skim the surface of a controversy.
Before the rigid scrutiny and unswerving analysis,
however, of an impartial inquirer, the utter emptiness
of this accusation becomes manifest beyond a mo-
ment's question. And with such a scrutinizing and
analytical observation does Mr. RIGBY WASON con-
trovert those assumptions of the protectionists in a
letter, which he has just addressed to the agricul-
turists of Ayrshire. His arguments, as contained
in this epistle, are neither crochetty nor ingenious—
they consist simply of some very plain, incontrover-
tible, honest, straightforward facts. His opinions are
not founded upon anything theoretical—they axe, in his
own language, " forced upon him by practical experi-
ence, in the last ten years." From the summary of that
experience it appears that, although the average price
of corn during the time mentioned has continued at
a price " which would leave no profit to a grower
either in Europe or America, after he had paid
freight and other incidental charges," he had been
enabled to carry on several important labours—such
as building mansion-houses, constructing various
farmsteads, with an allotment of from two to five
hundred acres each, encouraging many tenants of
forty or a hundred acres to raise edifices for them.
selves, and, besides this, " carrying out one of the
most remarkable improvements in the metropolis,"
namely, running a channel of communication between
the Grosvenor property and the Parliament
Houses, without the slightest detriment to his
own fortune. After enumerating these cir-
cumstances, Mr. RIGBY WASON observes to

the agriculturists of Ayrshire—" You will perceive
how much more profitable my improvements would
have been had they been directed by your superior
practical knowledge, and watched over by your un-
divided attention." Showing, by the spirit contained
in those few sentences, the improbability—we had
almost said the impossibility--of any pernicious conse-
quences resulting from an abolition of the restrictions
upon foreign grain. With reference to its " throwing
the poorer land out of cultivation," Mr. RIGBY WAsoN
is still more brief, and, at the same time, still more
emphatic- His denunciations are condensed into the
following paragraph :

" If, with low prices, I can profitably reclaim waste
land, necessarily loaded with the extra cost of building
farm-houses, making roads, &c., and also with consider.
ably greater expenses in the actual cultivation, how is it
creditable that land which is now profitably cultivated
would cease to be so ?"

This is a very reasonable and rational conclusion—
as ridiculous to deny as the subsequent position,
namely, that though rents might in some measure be
reduced as a sequence to the corn-law repeal, " both
landlord and tenants would soon discover that defi-
ciency in price might, by high farming, be com-
pensated for by increased quantity," while high farm-
ing necessarily implies an increased expenditure
upon, and a greater likelihood of, employment for the
entire body of agricultural labourers. In raising these
hollow and illogical accusations against the free-trade
movement, the protectionists are in simple earnest
leaning upon reeds—and reeds that are already
snapping.

We have received Madrid journals of the 6th, but
they add nothing to the intelligence of the same date
published in The Sun yesterday. Considerable sen-
sation had been excited by the order to Dora
HENRIQUE to quit the capital, and join his ship at
Ferrol, on account of the foolish letter which he sent
to the Opposition journals.
The Bourse was closed on the 6th.

The fall of the Barentin viaduct on the Rouen and
Havre Railroad, an account of which appeared in a
third edition of The Sun yesterday, had caused some
sensation at Paris, and led to a considerable depression
in the price of shares in that line. On Saturday they
were quoted at 810 f., and on Monday closed at 755 f.
The Paris journals furnish no additional particulars
respecting the accident. The loss, according to the
calculations, will amount to not more than 24,0001.,
and of course will fall entirely on the contractors. On
Monday the Chamber of Peers resumed the debate on
the Address, when M. GUIZOT replied to the
remarks of the Count DE MONTALEMBERT on
the state of the Christian population in Syria. " The
speaker," he said, " had referred to the question
as one of humanity, if not of elevated policy. Now
he considered it to be both, and fully coincided with
the Noble Count in his views of the necessity of af-
fording aid to that population. He had always deemed
that view of the question as one that it was incum-
bent on France to adopt, and he could truly declare
that such had been the principal motive that had
actuated the conduct of the present Cabinet since

1830. But in all cases of interference in the affairs
of another country, care should be taken that there
was a chance of success, of such success as would not
only sanction the act itself, but give such a result as
would form an excuse for disturbing the general
peace of Europe. In the affairs of the Eest
the Noble Count seemed to have taken an ex-
aggerated view of the occurrences that marked the
policy of the Porte. The conduct of Frame had
been represented as devoid of firmness with respect
to the East, but he must deny that such was
the case, and must assert that the acts of
France had been distinguished alike for firmness
and ability. The design of the French Government
was to have the Lebanon restored to the ancient
Christian administration. That object had been de-
manded earnestly at Constantinople. The violence
arising from the differences of the two adverse races
had been insisted on, and everything urged that
could induce the Ottoman Government to yield to the
demands thus made. He referred to the insults
offered to France in the persons of certain of her sub-
jects, and declared that the indemnity demanded for
such insults had been duly paid and the offeading
parties punished."

Another Peer, the Countja LA LOUSE spoke at

`~ t

Extension

WEDNESDAY EVEN li
AL No,

some length on foreign affaiN, and complaineil that
Fm. ranGceul:lTmaudtetehrulymildieatniinegd concessions
essioi9 Co _England.
Charge, France
in every respect, had acted with perfect
independence. Questions certainly had arisen which
might have caused differences between the two coun-
tries, but these, by good will and mutual yielding,
had been brought to a successful termination. With
regard to Texas, he had looked on the question as
one which, after the Act of Independence, related
chiefly to the population themselves, while he must
maintain that the interests of France required that
the different provinces in the Zkw World, peopled by
the
be merged in an universal
republic.
of Europe to maintain an
Spaniards,
It
% va should 4 policy r,t
equilibrium among the Powers in the other hemi-
sphere. He was left speaking at the hour of post.
We are glad to find from some of the Opposition
papers that the importance of Mexico in that
quarter begins to be acknowledged. It is, indeed, only
necessary to represent facts in their true light to
convince every party in France that the occupation of
that rich territority by America would be fatal to

French interests. " That magnificent country," says
the National, "is just emerging from a state of bar-
barism, and the policy of civilised nations is no more
understood than international Eghts by a people
scarcely the eighth part of which are whites. Mexico
possesses the richest mines of the precious metals
whichsthe world contains, and yet it is daily plunging
deeper into debt, and marching on the high road to
bankruptcy. Its soil produces in abundance rice,
sugar, coffee, and grain of every description ; but the
agriculture, yet in its infancy, instead of furnishing
such for exportation, is scarcely able to supply a suffi-
ciency for the interior consumption."
The Committee of Deputies appointed to draw up
the Address had agreed on all the paragraphs, and on
Monday the following draft, presented by M. VITET,
was read by the President :

" Sire,—The Chamber congratulate themselves with you
on the general situation of France; and the accord of the
great powers of the State, and the maintenance of our policy
of order and conservation will more and more insure the
regular development of our institutions, the consolidation of
our liberties, and the progress of the national prosperity.
Your Government is applying itself to prosecuting of great
works of defence and public utility, the prompt completion
of which the country requires. These new elements of force
and wealth will afford us in a few years the guarantees which
our security wants, spread over all parts of the territory, and
through all classes, labour and well-being, and will supply
the means of fertilising our industry, animating our trade,
and preparing for our agriculture happier (lays, and prices
worthier of its laborious efforts.

" The Chamber will examine with solicitude, without ex-
ceeding the limits of prudence, the measures that will be
proposed to it for completing their great ensemble of works.
" Your Majesty gives us the assurance that our financial
situation has become more and more satisfactory. We shall
strive to improve it by making a vigilant and wise economy
preside over the employment of our resources'
" The various Bills the presentation of which your Majesty
announces shall be the objects of our serious consideration.
We are happy to learn that you continue to receive from all
the Foreign Powers peaceful and amicable assurances—peace
must henceforth be the first and most pressing want of all
nations, and it behoves those who are endowed as largely
with courage as with power to proclaim the benefits which
result from its continuance. The policy which, by the as-
sistance of the powers of the State and public reason,
has maintained a general peace in the midst of tem-
pestuous trouble, has excited the gratitude of the people,
and in the page of history, Sire, it will be recorded as
the honour! and glory of your reign. The reiterated
proofs of friendship which have been evinced towards you
by the Queen of Great Britain, and the reciprocal confi-
dence which exists between the two Governments, will
happily ensure the continuance of friendly relations between
the two nations. Your Majesty has announced to us that
the convention which has recently been concluded for put-
ting an end to an odious traffic, is now being carried into
execution ; and thus the Chamber is enabled to congratu-
late itself on the realisation of that wish which it. has so re-
peatedly expressed. The rights of humanity will be effica-
ciously respected, and our commerce will be replaced under
the exclusive superintendence of our flag. We would ex-
press a hope that France and England, by their communi-
cation and unison, whose only object will be the desire to
stop the flow of blood, and the re-establishment of commer-
cial relations on a more certain and substantial basis, may at
length succeed in restoring peace on the banks of the river
Plate. Faithful to the engagements which she has con-
tracted, France has a right to invoke respect for treaties ;
she reminds the whole of Europe of those solemn guarantees
which have been stipulated for in behalf of a generous people.
"We deplore with your Majesty the events which have
disturbed our possessions in Africa, and we share with your
Majesty those sentiments which the heroism of our soldiers
has inspired. France follows them through their perils with
grateful solicitude. France applauds the promptitude of
those measures which you have taken to maintain her power
and sway in Algeria. Our perseverance shall not be over-
come, and our energetic efforts shall ultimately succeed in
founding and establishing a fruitful and prosperous security
on that land which we have proclaimed to be French. Sire,
your wisdom and your courage have enabled us, in the
midst of great difficulties, to fulfil the noble mission with
which you have been entrusted by the national will. Our
duty is to afford you loyal assistance, and to establish with
you, on an imperishable basis, the Government and the
dynasty of our choice. Providence has blessed our efforts,
and has vouchsafed to us consolations which we would consi-
der as guarantees. Your grandchildren will follow the
example of their fathers, those noble Princes who, whereso-
ever they have appeared, have done honour to the name of
France. Sire, all your aspirations have been realised. You
have acquired the lasting affection of the country, and each
succeeding day renders more indissoluble the bonds of union
which bind your family to your country."
The debate on this address was ordered to com-
mence on Friday.

The Gazette du Midi, a Marseilles journal, of the
Bth inst., states positively that a case of plague had
appeared in the lazaretto of Marseilles.
We are glad to find that Lord CowIA r has reco-
vered from his severe accident. His Lordship and
Lady COWLEY had the honour of dining with the
KING and QUEEN on Saturday evening.
The Funds and Railway Shares were generally fiat on
Monday. Ths Three per Cents. closed at 821. 80s. ; the
Five per Cents., 1211. se. ; the Orleans Railroad shares, 1,245 f. ;
Rouen, 1,002 E 50c. ; Northern, 745 f. ; Havre, 755 f. ; Avignon,
970 f. ; Vierzon, 680 f. ; Bourdeaux, 640 f. ; Boulogne, 555 f. ;
Troyes and Montereau, 455 f. ; Basle, 2501. ; Fampoux,
500 f. ; Spanish Three per Cents. 383/4 ; Ditto, Passives, 61/2.
The Railway Shares closed at lower quotations. Paris and
Orleans at 1,2551. ; Paris and Rouen, I,OIOE ; Rouen and
Havre, 755 f. ' • Avignon not quoted ; Vierzon, 687 f. 50c. ; Stras-
burg and Bale, 2551. ; Boulogne, 655 f. ; Northern, 7501. ;
Bordeaux, 6451. ; Montereau, 462 f. 50c. ; Fampoux, 497 f. 50c.
BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, JAN. 13.
Anglo-Belgian — Madrid and Valencia...
Barbadoes
Boulogne and Amiens.. 12 Namur and Liege 3l/2
Bordeaux &Mediterraa North Jamaica
Bordeaux and Toulouse Orleans and Vierzon
Do. & Cette (Espeleta) 2 Orleans and Bordeaux
Do. ( Mackenzie's) .. Over Yasel
Callao, Lima, and Pa- Paris& Lyens (Laffitte)
citie Coast 3/4 Ditto (Ganneron's).
Central of Spain
Ceylon . — Ditto (Sud Est)
Demerara
Dendre Valley ... Paris and Rouen 39
Dutch Rhenish .. 73% Paris and Strasburg
Dieppe & Paris Juact. (Gauneron's)
Dijon and Mulhouse Do. (Compe de L'Est)
East Indian ........ 1 Do. (Aymard's)...._
Fampeux & Hazebrouk Paris and St. Quentin.
Grt Northern of France Rouen and Havre 2B

Constituted 144
Great Indian Peninsular

Royal North of Spain.
Sambre and Meuse .... 6

Great Paris and Lyons. 21/2
Great Western Bengal %
Great Westera :Canada
Jamaica S. Mid. Juncti•n
Do. North Midland...

Strasburg and Bale ....
Tournay,Jurbise, Lau-
den, and flasselt
Tours and Nantes
(Mackenzie's)

Do. (Lefebvre's)

Jersey
Louvain and Jemappe —
Lyons and Avignon 214
Lixemboarg

Do. (O'Neill's)
!Trinidad
Verona and Anemia —
West Flanders

LLOYD'S SHIPPING—(THIS DAY.)
LONDON, JAN. 14.—Wind E., light airs and fine.
DEAL, JAN. 13.—Arrd. Leghorn, —, Mauritius ; Vic-
toria, Wilson, Valparaiso. Arrd. from the River for, Sea
Witch, Brown, Cape Coast Castle; Albion, Lock, Valpa-
raiso; Waterlily, Hart, and Castle Lachlan, Bruce, Valpa-
raiso. Arrd. from the River and sailed, Eleanor, Haslip,
Mauritius; Hendrick Hudson, Chadwick, New York.
OFF DOVER, JAN. B.—II. N. M. ship Palembary,
Batavia; Nebulia, —, Mauritius.
OFF THE START, JAN. 11.—Stadt Schiedam, Andreson,
Batavia for Rotterdam.
LIVERPOOL, JAN. 13.—Arrd. Village Girl, --, Tabasco ;
Statesman, Gillchrist, New Orleans; Tuskina, Williams, St.
Mark's. Sld. Rose, Gibbs, Rio Janeiro; Victoria, Le Gresly,
Vera Cruz ; Penningliam, Purchase, Vera Cruz ; Haidee,
Soule, New Orleans ; Lord Maidstone, Baisbeck, New Orleans ;
Epaminondas, Cheek, Mobile; Lord Glenelg, Martin, Gal-
veston; Saraweek, Turly, Philadelphia; Rosclus, Eldridge,
New York ; Mayflower, Kewley, Newfoundland. Off port,
John Patchett, Buenos Ayres ; Columbia, Charleston;
Thomas Bennett, Charleston; Goodwin, New York ; Avon,
St. John's, N.B. The Queen, from Quebec to this port, was
lost about 3d ult., at St. Peter's, Newfoundland; crew sgved.
WnrrEfrAvEN, JAN. 12.—The Westmoreland, Fulton, from
Liverpool, which was stranded at Ravensglass on the 30th
ult., and subsequently got off, as reported, on the 6th inst.,
has been towed in here to repair.
PORTSMOUTH, JAN. 13.—Sid. Anne Jane, Rowe, Victoria.,
OFF PLYMOUTH, JAN. 12.—Sea Queen, Wood, Mauritius.
SWANSEA, JAN. 12.—Sid. Agnes Blaim, Bridgeford, Cuba.
MILFORD, JAN. 12.—S1d. Arnetta, Ellis, Cuba; Catherine
Jenkins, Drury, Cuba; Lord Sandon, Feneran, Bermuda;
John Kerr, Tail, Savannah.
CLYDE, JAN. 11.—S1d. Jane Innes, Tender, Rio Janeiro ;
Christian Pitcairn, Bicker, Berbice; 12, Roya, Albert,
derston, Batavia; Echo, Keith, Trinidad. Put back, TaEn
Scott, Robertson, for Trinidad.
Conic, JAN. 11.—Arrd. Bolton Abbey, Barker, Callao;
Lyre, M'Laren, Berbice.
RAMSGATE, JAN. 13.—The Wilbelmina, Babas, from Ham-
burgh, which put in here on the 4th inst., has commenced
discharging her cargo.

HER MAJESTY'S VISIT TO HOLLAND.—AMSTERDAM,
JAN. 11.—The following paragragh has just appeared in the
Nieuwsbode of the Hague :—" As we were the first to an-
nounce that her Majesty the Queen of England would
honour this country; with a visit in the courss of this year,
we can now state for a certainty that the visit will take place
in the month of May or June next.
The Earl and Countess of Jersey are entertaining
a select party at Middleton Park. Prince and Princess
Nicholas Esterhazy, his Excellenly Sir Robert Gordon, the
Earl of Euston, the Hon. Captain and Lady Elizabeth N 11.
Hera, &c., ara staying there.

;
.*4
111146., „
447:: 111111L'".%
410106, ' (); 7,711Kai1l
034 ,