The Sun.
London, England, 1846-02-02 00:00:00

PRISON DISCIPLINE.

The subject of prison discipline has, of late, under-
gone a great deal of what is called consideration and
discussion in the Court and in the Committees of Alder-
men, and the crowded state of the City gaols has from
time to time forced itself not only upon the attention of
the City Magistrates, but of the Home-office, by the
mere dint of its importance. The fol'esvirg statement
embodies the views and opinions of the opposers of the
existing system, and of those who contend that the in-
terposition of the Government, in the City gaol, affairs,
would be of injurious tendency not only as regards the
privileges of the citizens of London, but as respects the
improvement of the moral condition of society.
It is admitted by the former, who constitute the mi-
nority in the Court of Aldermen, that of late years the
establishment of the Central Criminal Court, with its
monthly sessions, and the power given to the Middlesex
Magistrates of committing prisoners for trial at the
Westminster sessions, have greatly reduced the numbers
confined within the walls of Newgate, and so far have
operated most beneficially upon the state of that prison;
but those partial improvements have struck far, very far
short of the root of the evil. Ooe of the City prisons,
Giltspurastreet Compter, affords a most impressive in-
stance of the bad consequences which result from over-
crowding those receptacles of crime and misfortune.
Giltspur-street Compter was originally intended for City
debtors, and if it had been confined to that purpose,
was capable of affording tolerable accommodation ; but,
in the year 1812, an Act of Parliament was obtained
for building a debtors' prison in Whitecross-street, and
ever since that period the Giltspur-street Compter has
been used as a City house of correction, and also as a
place of confinement for remanded prisoners, and for
those who are committed for want of bail. The prison
itself stands upon a site containing less than half
an acre of ground, arid the number of prisoners
confined within its walls varies generally from 240
to 300, and sometimes even exceeds the latter number.
By the new Building Act, no prison can now be erected
upon an area of less than five acres, and this rule is ap-
plicable to provincial as well as to metropolitan districts.
Giltspur-street Compter, therefore, standing upon an
area of less than half an acre, though it does not come
under the provisions of the Act, which has no retrospec-
tive operation, is condemned by it as deficient in Ihe pro-
portion that less than half an acre bears to five acres,
the smallest scale upon which the Legislature has de-
clared future prisons shall be built. If the only objection
to small prisons, and the consequent overcrowding of
prisoners, were the injury thereby inflicted on the bodily
health of that wretched portion of our fellow creatures,
it would be a sufficient reason for correcting the defect.
But the great evil is to be found not in its physical, but
in its moral consequences. An injury to the constitution
from confined and unwholesome air would be bad enough,
but here is an injury preying upon the mind, penetrating
the heart and soul, and producing a moral contagion on
the human subject which may be said to affect eternity
itself. Want of room includes want of classification, and
want of classification prevents anything like a remedial
or beneficent spirit from mingling with the severity of
our criminal laws. Far from encouraging, or facilitating,
or indeed permitting the return of a young offender to
virtue, it shuts the door of repentance fur ever in his face
by placing him in the society, and as it were under the
instruction of the most experienced practitioners in every
species of enormity. The child aho has committed a first
offence, the adult who has arrived at the full maturity of
crime, and the veteran more hardened by his vices than
his years, who seems to take a pride in the empire of
wickedness, are all huddled together, breathing the same
tainted atmosphere, and assimilating with a sort of ma-
lignant rivalship to the worst specimen amongst them.
Such is the state of that part of the prison known as the
Compter, where prisoners untried and of course uncon-
victed, and possibly innocent, are associated with some of
the most depraved characters on the face of the earth ;
but bid as this division of the prison is, the other divi-
sion, now known as the house of correction for the city
of London, is by many degrees worse. Here are to
be seen in the same room from fifty to sixty male prison-
ers of all ages, and of almost all degrees of criminality
siting together, closely packed on benches, picking
oakum. The most disgusting conversation is continu-
ally going forward ; the most revolting levity pervades the
whole demoralised and demoralising mass, and the
wretch who might, in the first instance, have been sent
there for some slight offence, soon finds the sort of school
he has been introduced to, and there treasures up lessons
and forms connexions, well calculated to fit him for the
mischievous career which society may be said to have
destined and fitted him to run. Immediately above this
den of infamy stands the treadmill, on which a similar
number of persons are kept constantly hat work, and
there, as in the oakum room, their intercourse with each
other is perfectly 'unrestrained and their conversation
distinguished by the same reckless disregard of all de-
cency and order. The sleeping apartments are over-
crowded in the same manner, and the same want of
classification and arrangement, proceeding from the same
cause, is observable in the wretched wards devoted to
rest and forgetfulness.
Such is the information, and such are the opinions
gathered from those who view with indignation and
contempt the civic gaol system. They call for a remedy
for so monstrous a state of things. They say the neglect
is inexcusable, not only because the evils resulting
from it are so formidable, but because the remedy is so
palpable to the slightest consideration, and so obviously
within the reach of the civil authorities. To erect a
house of correction adequate to the wants of the city of
London, would, they assert, require an area of from
five to tan acres, and if a prison of such extent were built
they would hope to see a proper classification of prison-
ers enforced and the working of a system of prison dis-
cipline calculated, not only to punish, but to re form
those who become amenable to its regulations.
The gentlemen who consider the above description as
a mere picture reflected from a diseased imagination,
which "sees more devils than all hell can hold," inva-
riably condemn and discourage allusions to the Giltspur-
street Compter. In the Court of Aldermen, at any rate
in the presence of the members of the press, if we may
judge from the newspaper reports of the business trans-
acted there, where hints have been, from time to time,
thrown out expressive of a suspicion that improvement is
unattainable without the means of affecting classification,
a general murmer is heard, and a peremptory reference
is made to the Gaol Committee, in which " profound" it
is doomed to repose until some new occasion arise, or
some new member, uninstructed in the ways of the
Court, is shocked at the horrible reality, and speaks
what he thinks. It has, however, been sometimes the
case that a plump denial has been given to all charges
of bad arrangement and management in the prison, fol-
lowed up by a high compliment to those by whose judg-
ment and assiduity the reform has been brought to per-
fection, and by a sneer at the menaced interference of a
Secretary of State with the functions of the magistrates
of the City of London.

LAW INTELLIGENCE.
COURT OF QUEEN'S BENCH, Jan. 31.
THE QUEEN V. THE REV. JOSIAH BARTLETT.

This was a rule which had been obtained in the Bail
Court a short time since, for a criminal information
against the defendant for the publication of a libel on
Mrs. Marianna Tozer. At the time the rule was ob-
tained the particulars of the libel were make public,
and they then appeared to be of a most defamatory
character.

The ATTORNEY. GENERAL having now moved to make
the rule absolute,
Mr. Sergeant WILKINS said he had been instructed to
show cause against it, but that it would rather be his
duty to declare to the Court that the defendant
extremely regretted what he had done, and that all the
insinuations he had uttered against the lady were alto-
gether without foundation. Some erroneous impression
under which defendant had laboured, had prompted him
to take the course which he now so deeply lamented, and
influenced by them ho was induced to believe that the
lady had given rise to disorder in his family. In a fit
bordering on madness the letters had been written, but
ho was now ready to avow that it did not contain a word
of truth. He would also say that the lady was in fact
a most excellent person, and that to the last day of his
life he would deplore his having ever attacked her so
state-
mentTh eheAhrropoeßdNEh7e-hGaEdNoEnßlyAidoenxeprheissseddut i
unjustifiably and so improperly. In making this
yii.mself fully sa-
tisfied with so ample a retraction of so foul a calumny,
and one which had been so handsomely made by his
Learned Friend. Under ordinary circumstances he
would have been content to discharge the rule on pay-
ment of the costs, but in the present instance he must
press the Court to make the rule absolute.—Rule ab-
solute.

POLICE IN TELLIGEN CE.
SOUTHWARK.

On Saturday two policemen of the M, or Southwark
ac rhsaorngse,
charged
eriefo,
rbeymdrt.r direction!
keeping a lodging-house in the vicinity of this Court.
The complainant stated that on Wednesday morning,
wofi thett division,
a Csosmanumalmtiisnesgdio Roberts
naensrdot fhPraeo nalditcee Parsons,
nan.named Evans,
between one and two o'clock, while he was sitting in
the front parlour with two of his lodgers, a loud knock
came to the street door, and on opening it the two de-
fendants rushed in and asked him what business he and
his lodgers had to be up at that hour of the morning?
Before, however, he had time to answer such a ques-
tion, one of the defendants (Roberts) struck him a
severe blow on the face, which knocked him up against
the wall, and the other defendant pulled out. his staff,
and, flourishing it about, said that he would like to lay
it about the head of the complainant, and ultimately
struck one of the lodgers, who had given no kind of
offence. The defendants, before they quitted the house,
expressed their determination not to rest until they suc-
ceeded in routing the complainant out of the house.
In reply to Mr. Trail!, the complainant said ho never
gave the policemen any provocation.
Roberts, in defence said, that on the morning in
question, on passing the complainant's house, he heard
talking in the parlour, and on listening he overheard
some person threaten to throw a brickbat at Parsons
when an opportunity presented itself ; that he,(Roherts)
informed his brother constable of what he heard, and
they accordingly went together into the house, but he
denied having used the violence attributed to him' .
James Humphries, an old man, confirmed the com-
plainant's account of the transaction in every particular,
and added, that the purport of the conversation pre •
viously to the intrusion of the two policemen, had no
reference to any member of the police force ; that the
fact was they were talking about the repeal of the corn-
laws.

In reply to the magistrate, the witness said the police-
men on rushing into the house did not say what they
were there for, but without any ceremony one of them
(Roberts) struck the complainant.
Parson, in reply to the charge, said that his brother
constable informed him that he heard threats used
against him by persons in the complainant's house, and
that was the reason he accompanied him there. Lie,

however, denied assaulting any person, and concluded
by saying the house was one of very bad repute.
Mr. TRAILL—Have you reported the character of the
house to the superintendent, for that would have been
your duty, and not to have intruded yourself into it in
the way described. Both the defendants admitted they
made no report on the subject, but they maintained that
they considered it a part of their duty to enter houses
of a similar character, if they heard anything was going
forward of an improper description.
The complainant said that he kept a lodging-house,
and that he was doing nothing that should have sub-
jected him to such treatment as he experienced at the
hands of the two policemen.
Mr. TRAILL said, that even admitting the defendants,
in passing the house, had heard the threats they men-
tioned, they would not be justified in entering the house,
far less in assaulting the landlord of it, for if that were
permitted, no man's house would be safe from the intru-
sion of the police, when they thought proper to enter.
The magistrate then inflicted penalties of 20s. each on
the defendants; and, addressing the superintendent, said
the conduct of the constables was quite indefensible, and
deserved severe reprehension.
It may be proper to remark that the infliction of a
fine, by a magistrate upon a policeman, disqualifies him
from serving in future in the police force.
THAMES.

On Saturday a good looking young women, named
Ann Gardner, large in the family way, appeared to an-
swer a peace warrant, issued at the instance of a ballast
agent, John Anderson. The case was a very heartless
one, and Mr. Pelham was engaged for the defence by some
of the inhabitants of Wapping, whose interest was ex-
cited in favour of the young woman, Gardner, who is
only about eighteen years of age, and who has been
ruined by the plaintiff.
Anderson complained that the young woman was con-
stantly annoying him, threatening to tear him to pieces,
and preventing him in his occupations.
For the defence, it was shown that the plaintiff had
effected the young woman's ruin by the most solemn
protestations of meaning to act honourably by her.
According to her statement, she is the daughter of a
solicitor, and though she kept company with the pro-
secutor, to whom she admitted she was much attached,
he had not succeeded in effecting his purpose until hav-
ing repeatedly promised marriage, he had given two
written documents to the same effect. The papers,
which were produced, ran as follows:
"London, 16th, 1845.
" This is to certify that I Jon Anderson am to marry
Ann within the term of to years or sooner if possable,
Somere perhaps wen I return. Witness my and, the
sixteenth day July, 1845. I am, yours truly and affec-
tionate lover. "JON ANDERSON."
The next ran:—

" London, 14th, 1845.

" I promise to marry Ann Gardiner as soon as pos-
sible, for me to do which, I have not mentioned the
time at present, but as soon as I can. Witness my and.
" J. ANDERSON."

The complainant, in aggravation of the charge, urged
that the young woman annoyed him, even on the
Sabbath.
Mr. BALLANTiwE,Don't talk to me about the Sab-
bath. You have ruined this young woman for life, and
now you turn round on her in your sanctimonious-
ness. Complainant—Why, she has been as large as
that for the last twelve months.

Mr. Pelham—lf so, it is a curious physiological fact,
and in the teeth of all experience as regards gestation.
Mr. BALLANTINE dismissed the case, and told the
girl that as regarded the letters she had better leave
them in Mr. Pelham's hands, and he would probably
put her in the way of redressing the wrongs which she
had sustained at the hands of complainant.
The young woman then left, to the great satisfaction
of a crowded Court.

BRENTFORD PETTY SESSIONS.
At the Brentford Petty Sessions, on Saturday, Mr.
Samuel Parnell, a master baker at Old Brentford, was
fined 40:4 and costs, for a m ,st cruel and brutal assault
upon a female named Anna Maria Smith.

It appeared that the female in question had had a
child by the defendant, which she had affiliated to him
before the Kensington magistrates, who had ordered him
to pay 2s. a week for the support of the child. On the
18th inst. defendant sent complainant the amount of
two weeks, instead of three, which was owing, and part
of it was a bad half-crown. She accordingly went to
the shop to see him, and while she was telling his house-
keeper the object of her visit, the defendant seized her
by the shoulders behind, and forced her out of the shop,
and on leaving go of her he kicked her in a brutal
manner.

By the defendant—Had sent her 4s. out of the 6q. he
owed her, amongst which was a bad half crown, and
that was the reason she went to him.
The defendant declared that he had sent her all the
money, and that so far from having sent a bad half-
crown, he had sent it her all in halfpence, and the time
before all iu farthings.
The BENCH said that only showed the feeling he had
towards the mother of his child, and such payment was
quite illegal. The defendant had been guilty of a most
unmanly assault, and must pay a fine of 405., or 21 days.
.
mprisonment. —The fine was paid.

DREADFUL SHIPWRECKS.
EIGHTY LIVES LOST.

The losses announced during the last week have been
truly appalling, several American picket-ships being among
the number wrecked in crossing the Atlantic, with the loss
of all hands.

The first on the list is that of the Montreal, . a fine new
ship, 3-1.5 tons burthen, a trader between London and Que-
bec, which was lost during a snow storm on the night of
the 14th of last month, on shore near Cape Chat, and not
one belonging to her was left to tell the tale. The wreck,
when discovered, was fast breaking up, her masts were gone,
and her hull had parted in two. On shore the bodies of
the captain, wife, and child were found, the latter being
clasped in its mother's arms. Four other bodies were after-
wards discovered entangled in the wreck. They have all
been buried in one grave. The vessel was laden with flour
and other articles.

The next melancholy affair is that of another packet-ship,
supposed to be the Saxon, bound to London, lo: t, with all
hands. The ship, which has a large amount of insurance on
her at Lloyd's, was 367 tons burthen, ani left Boston, where
she belonged, on the 13th of last month, manned with a
crew of twenty. She was last seen on the 17th, and her de-
struction is supposed to have occurred about the 19th, on a
reef of rock called the Ledges, near Red Head, as her wreck
was passed by the Stamboul, from Smyrna, on the 24th, 25
miles N.N.W. of St. George's Shoal.
.Another loss took place on a field of ice, the particulars of
which are thus described :—The brig Laurel left Quebec on
the morning of the 29th of December, with a cargo of 400
barrels of flour and 28 of butter. On arriving off Cacona,
on the banks of Newfoundland, she was met by a large field
of ice, and every effort to steer clear of it proved abortive.
The ship becoming fixed in it, she was shortly driven ashore
on Green Island, where she immediately became a wreck.
The crew suffered severely for three days. The barque Uni-
verse, of Boston, was lost under similar circumstances; for-
tunately, the crew were saved.
The ship Cambridge, from Liverpool, on the 23d of De-
cember, saw a vessel in distress, which proved to be the
Lord Lynedoch, of London, in a sinking state. They took
off the crew, thirty-two in number, who were in a dreadful
state. The vessel foundered shortly afterwards. The East
India Company have received infor►nation of the total loss of
one of the Company's war sloops, named Coote, commanded
by Lieutenant J. S. Grieve. The disaster happened on the
3d of November last, on a reef of rocks opposite Calicut,
the vessel at the time being on an expedition to the Malabar
coast.

The brig Merlin, of Newcastle, was totally destroyed by
fire on the 3d instant. She was laden with wine and fruit,
and within twelve hours after leaving Oporto Bar she
caught fire. The captain and crew were soon forced to take
to the boat, and abandon the vessel. They were afterwards
picked up by a foreign schooner, which conveyed them to
Gibraltar.

On the books are also reported the total loss of the ship
City of Shims, in the Mindora Sea, with forty persons
drowned ; and also the wreck of tho Gustave Edouard, a
French Indiaman, 650 tons burthen ; and another vessel,
name not exactly known—both attended with melancholy
results.

SINGULAR ADULTERATION OF CHAMPAGNF..—A sin-
gular mode of increasing the intoxicating power of cham-
pagne has recently been discovered in Germany. It appears
that a wine-merchant of Rheims has for some years past
enjoyed the almost exclusive privilege of supplying the
kingdom of Wurtemburg with that wine, and that an
extraordinary effect has been noticed to attend the
drinking of -a
single glass thereof. After several ana-
lyses of the wine had been made, the contents of some
of the bottles were examined by Liebig, who ascer-
tained by analysing its gases, that it contained one
volume of carbonic acid gas, and two of the laughing gas
or protoxide of nitrogen. The last-named gas, the peculiar
effects produced by which on the animal economy, when it
has been respired, are well-known, is prepared by the de-
composition of the nitrate of ammonia. If this salt be at
all impure, and not unfrequently when it is used absolutely
pure, nitrous acid is evolved in the first instance during its
decomposition. Chemists, therefore, when preparing the
the laughing gas, are in the habit of throwing away the first
proportions of gas that come over, and further test the
character of the gas before th y allow it to be inspired, as
the nitrous acid gas would act on the economy as a dan-
gerous poison. Furthermore if the lungs contain air when
this gas is inhaled, nitrous acid gas will be formed,
and danger result. There is another danger occasionally
encountered, when this gas is used for purposes of exhilira-
tion by respiration. In persons of a consumptive habit, it
may cause severe pain at the chest, difficulty of breathing,
and even spitting of blood. In those who have a tendency
to apoplexy or palsy, mischief in the head may be caused
by its incautious use. How far these results may be modi-
fied by the gas being taken into the stomach, it is at present
impossible to say, but the subject admits of, and deserves
further inquiry. At all events, there is the danger of a
portion of nitrous acid gas being used in the wine, together
with the laughing gas, and the adulteration is one of a
most improper, as well as singular, character. It can hardly
be regarded as altogether innocuous.—Medical Times.
STAGE CARRIAGE DUTIES.—On Saturday a deputa-
tion from the coach proprietors round London, headed by
Colonel Wood, M.P. fer Middlesex, waited by appointment
on the Chancellor of the Exchequer, on the subject of the
stage carriage duties. The trade complain that, all along the
banks of the river Thames from Hampton Court to Wool.
wich, they have to compete with untaxed steam, and on
many roads with the rail also, and soon will on all; the rail
paying 5 per cent. duty on their receipts, except third-class
passengers, on which they pay nothing, whilst the coach pro-
prietor pay duties amounting on many roads to 25 per cent.,
and seldom less than 16 per cent. on their receipts, besides
heavy annual licenses, from which the rail and steam are
'totally exempt, and they ask, on principle, to be placed on
an equality with the steam-boats and railroads. All the
proprietors forming the deputation gave it as their decided
opinion that if the Government placed them on an equality
with the railroads as regards the duty, many long coaches
would be placed on the road again this spring, the heavy
duties being the only hindrance, and that by a judicious re-
duction, the Government would in this instance, as in most
others where duties had been reduced, be rather gainers than
losers, in consequence of the extra carriages that would be
started. The Chancellor promised to give the case, which
was argued at great length, his serious consideration.
The Sacred Harmonic Society's next performance
takes place on Thursday next, when Handel's Samson will
be given. The cast includes Brabant, Phillips, Leffler, Miss
Birch, and Miss Hawes.

S

YV

MONEY MARKET and CITY NE
CITY, SATURDAY EVENIFec;_
TIMES.—Money transactions remain iu the most nu
'
taro state possible ; the Circular to Bankers says:--- .0
"There is no describing money by rates, which vary:.
the course of the same day according to the circumstallf,
of the parties. Very few bills are taken in by the bill I'S
kers under five per cent. ; and the temper of tke Bank 1,„,1
be known from the fact, that after having agreedoteiTie
100,000/. on Exchequer-bills for a month, they imPl,reubilet
borrower to curtail the time for the loan, and to take
one-fourth or one-half of the sum which he had
terest." ifective
In general the discount brokers maintain a pretty e
competition with the Bank, but the latter now aPPr element
by far thegreater part of the business, and this is a newic
oldifficuity at the present moment, for the Bank Direrwed
having so large and important a trust to exercise must I?.
a the/
with greater caution than other establishments, anidt,',oo-
- the least danger a-head will suspend the rcl.e.,trsay
diately„ That they will continue to give assistance In ale
paid for
is a much more prevalent belief than the contrary; "reseet
monied interest have this further reliance--that the Pas ',jet
board have a wary eye to profit, and would feat it the
neW
of great gratification so early in the working of ttiLividead
system to be able to announce an increase in their,t the e<-
to the next court of proprietors. The knowledge toed
tent of the business they are engaged in has, in fact;
of late the value of Bank Stock at -a
time when other deilo-
tions of stock were giving way, and these would bea
fore no other rational construction than such 511 eslie"rtiote
e
as that just adverted to. The enormous amount eQjeediel;
deposits disclosed by this week's return, 'pr
14,000,000 L, further shows the vast available PQw; toss/
sessed by the establishment; yet no man can vectu,r', the
how far it may be prudent for them to go, and w"e 0101°
may think fit to withhold that support upon which the
City depends. 'th the
Mr. Cobden's letter does not raise his character Iv' pray
men of business here, where everything is emieent -choe'
tical, and where such a course is he would adopt is, joy
tensed as headlong legislation, which if attempted ;bolt
Minister, would drive him from power, or threw' at
country into confusion Our merchants, and that 7'oojeg,
any peculiar sympathy with the landholders, are befit. bela
upon calmer reflection, to think the Minister sufficieeri4o
already, as regards his mode of dealing tei-.11 the emrieP,
and a few timid voices are beginning to be 130.'1 'Ty
the other parts of his measure, but more Partial teteri.
reduction of duty on cotton and silk foreign mann nebli;
articles. To this, which is a common reaction of ten:l,lo,
mind in all such cases, no great importance need be eltate
though it is not to be omitted in adverting to thet; t/
feeling in the City on the present occasion. W,bie net!o:
impressions there arises, by a natural transition; two
of much opposition to the Minister on other pints! e Suer
Clooter' owl
the corn-laws. Nothing, however, on this side of t
tion can be said yet to assume an important
The Select Committee of the House of Commons serP:alid,
to arrange the mode of proceeding with railway
settle the extent of them, is certainly sinking je rit's
in the City with the same men who do not delspeete;.
city. under the circumstances into which, with ~rs't. Tb„.•
those undertakings, the conntry has been Volt. se's?;
contend that this ought to have been done in the
Ay eutd
instead of so much being done to encourage oil% can 10
prise in all directions. Nothing that the Committehe
will give satisfaction ; that is perfectly evident, an to t,,
subject is obviously doomed to be an annoyance sPZI
gislature during the whole course of the session' tbis 11;6;
decision of some rule or principle of proceeding by
00
mittee may, however, materially assist in alsl7o,o°. ,de
vexatious question of the payment of the depes"; tbs,"„o
companies who do not find it prudent to go on Atle,iielo);o
cision, may help in restoring the equilibrium in "„100;0
Market, and facilitate the movements of other 0113,,r-tribet`.o
withdrawing at once, and by proceeding to a rec'
of the funds they have in hand. To give renewed cotlifor!lio
to the Money Market is a more important ebie„en;trecti
time being, than any question arising out a the e"_4l.
of new railways, at least so far as the City is "once

THE 4, GREAT UNPAID,;/„,
qv
Tear THE EITOR OF TRE loco
, ,e
Sm,—The glaring d unpardonable negtoThe tio
magistrates in some of the provinces appears the Pu.if
the increase, and this piece of insult upon. t orise'ol
must be stayed. Wherever cause for coroPhiluvt 0,5,
this respect, the public may easily remedy its .
a score only—no matter how humble in statio to tb~t
)
.mit a short memorial (showing the grievanc,e tO be
Lord-Lieutenant, and it will be his bounden L'lllfeett°
into it. The remedy is very plain and essY• OP'
dient servant, 080
Jan. 30, 1846.
13itarcitf
DEATH OF SIR JAMES RIVETT CARS- t,
We have to announce the decease of the abn Pijoi
whose dissolution took place on Wednesday lest; case' s'
cliffe, his residence in Lymington, Hants. The "eat
for some months past suffered from severe illnes; ofdf,s
ceased was some years back chairman of the boat" Gosrof
tors of the East India Company, and was formed:Ys IS of
of Bombay, in which appointment he was succeed sat 01
late Sir William Macnaughten. The late Baronet Seri
House of Commons so:ue years ago, for Sandiv'cr.
son
created a baronet in 1836, and is succeeded by b's r(4
o
John R. Carnac,_
_late of the 73d Regiment. O.
DEATH OF .MK. CARPUE.—We regret to
of dietitr
that this veteran reformer, and celebrated stirge°treetsso?
Friday evening last, at his residence in Charlotte-sdiste'd
roy-square, after a protracted illness. The itninecoseeiti
of his death, we understand, was dropsy. air' , netSicP
well known some years ago as a veteran refortneil'ose "cite'
of the abuses in his own profession, but also of t.egi es,
affect the common weal. In times of great pots,' 'Lir
meet, during the elections, he was ever to be Je-ctiseSoos
post, either on the hustings at Covent-garden, °TI:r
gaged in canvassing in support of his own pectut-f the iide,
In the medical profession he was known as onerOtsee"),
stern and uncompromising of all the" opponents 0, hot 01/
of Surgeons, by the governing body of which, to t:ttie etM
disgrace, he was constantly refused a seat of
rase
01A
cil, though eminently entitled to it by his re:os. jeo
profession, and surgical and anatomical attainn:'",i,
Carpue was scarcely known as a writer, his princ'redel
we believe, his only work being On the Taliaeotias
and On Vie High Operation of the Stone. As peel! 01
on anatomy and surgery, his style of lecturing vr3!trigoffist
but eminently successful. Shortly after the oPenstire'ltiO
Brighton Railway, Mr. Carpue, who had then teat shell
public and professional life, excepting his appoint.skss4o
vaccine establishment, was travelling on that
that fearful accident happened by which so Inanttsed°,loc!
sacrificed. Two of Mr. Carpue's servants were 'sod, sr
occasion, and he himself was most seriously blab
wh:le but little hope was entertained of his recovettS 'of 4s(
ferings were dreadful; and even when apparent3)d
still complained of great oppression at the chest ISlict the woo+
of breathing. How far this accident may have I,3lisse
dation of the disease which ultimately destroy ecr' ; Ith
unprepared to state; but he himself having, alles. el 00
cursed, expressed his firm conviction that it w°l.ol flest)
death. He proceeded against the company bY c,'
and recovered 1001. damages. From that titnereliseaji
nothing was known of him by the public. li,esh
gether retired, and free from the turmoils if"'"
84)
gaged the greater part of a long life. Be was
t'S° 0
Observer.
THE WAGES OF THE DOCKYARD AI" beet co-4,
Meetings of the artisans of the Dockyard baps. ill,cfste,
with a view of organising a movement to obtairrid sake
of wages. The shipwrights of Woolwich Dockfa.iid csloo,
the proceedings, and wrote to the shipwrights an trot
of Devonport and other dockyards ; other classes 004 sr
learning this summoned a meeting, in order t", :se t':oets"
might be made by all hands. The result has, etitissirs
pointment of a committee, and the adoption 01 ff:g
the Admiralty, setting forth the high price of foot'
..„Sia
ground for the increase which they solicit' ba
Standard.
EXPENSIVE CLOAK.—His Majesty Katlikseiessll;jeti?:
still in his possession the mamo, or feather svirTeoli.rssh'
father, the celebrated Tamehameha. It was n°,';ns
until his reign, having occupied eight prece,,u7eirsio,f'
its fabrication. It is four feet in length, Wit",ouPs
a half feet spread at the bottom. Its P-oliiesst
is a coarse netting, and to this the feathers,,,ol,
very small and exceedingly delicate, are S'l's
tached, overlapping each other, and forming bordevdello
smooth surface. The feathers around the, .sht;
inverted, and the whole presents a beautiful Ltgol',oo
eolour, giving it the appearance of a mantle %OP"
deed it would be difficult for despotism to °lot s's-iln.str
richer or more costly garment for its pron.' its tf's
Two feathers only (such as are used wholly in of s sli';
facture) s
are obtained from under the sving3eel'tse6
species of bird inhabiting Hawaii, which is sno's"
with great care and toil. Long poles, with; ere f,"i;
substance smeared upon them, and well balteTL 00.4
near their haunts. The bird alights upon —010"
able to disengage itself from the adhesive dth Jo)
secured, the much prized feathers plucked, ef 0°
set at liberty. A piece of nankeen, valued li,"hers ,01' 4
and a half, was formerly the price of five tee'elealt, ffit
kind. By this estimate the value of the .eWs.„°;cl
equal that of the purest diamonds, in the sef;sthe'es,,
pean regalia, and including the price of the ; e$110?,
less than a million of dollars worth of labour wit Tll,,et
upon it, at the present rate of computing svitges'asitTgesl
spear accompanying the cloak is ten and t "reo,`"
length, of a dark-red wood, flattened to a P°'"
polished. It possesses an additional interest, wheitiererli,
that it was the favourite weapon of a savage c..°1,(1 ifor
deep stained with the blood of many a Hawans-
-
Hawaiian Spectator, vol. 2. -pt V-140 d
THE DUKE OP RICHMOND ON POOR —2OO DS et
fishmonger Duke asserted in the House of 140ru,:'tse O'
evening, that the poor rate pressed so heavy °'oor is' In
that " one of his tenants alone paid more in sPt tb,tee,e,'P.tio
the whole of the League put together!" Ants pis"„erie°
age, we know that the Messrs. Marshall of t'alber'p °of
upwards of 2,000/. of poor rate in one years se
f°l;elifOlset
in Holbeck alone. Which of the Duke 0t nieth
nants, we wonder, pays as much as the Wend.
this amount in annual poor rate ?—Leeds rifn
BIRTHS. O. ille
the ladf .11,-
On the 20th of November last, at Madras, the """
K. Hamilton, of a son. Of ',of
Oa the 27th ult., at Manor House, Bognor,
Prir
Esn
Oq., of a son. Joao
the 28th ult., at BlacVzcath, the lady el
tr
Esq., of a son.
On the 28th ult., the lady of Fran-f 3lorphY,
place, Russell-square, of a son. the wife
On the 28th ult., at Hornsey-lane, Blgasa,a Sep'sl
Watson, Esq., of a daughter. of
On the 28th ult., at the Rectory, Leigh, the law
Eden, of a son.
On the 29th ult., at Gloucester-villa, Relo-14
11. Phillips, of a son.
04;#1;b4
MAIED. se f
On the 19th of November, at BanRR
galore gore George Or 0O
King's Plussars, to Agnes Mary, daughter 0-(the , la"
too, vigD C
On the 27th ult., at St. Mary Abbott's, Kens'nugiigest
Colman, of Manchester, to Elizabeth Winifred,
Matthew Terry, Esq. Oll.
DIED. rautftOrter
On the 11th ult., at Genoa, Herman Count -
file Ste
Bavaria, son-In-law of Lord Erskine.
On the 20th ult., at Hackney, Hanna, Visle*
Beedham, of Highgate. Nora' creti
On the 24th ult., at Tremadoc, Carnarvorislis,rs_sossit.
A. R. Mapwell, Esq., late of the 2d West India 1110.''
On the 25th ult., at Asherton, Sidmouth, sir IP"
Potts, the wife of G. Pot,aged 27. tOOSb ire'
Off
On the 27th ult., at- Courtsen' Hall, Not --mP °
Wake, Bart., aged 78.
On tile 27th ult., at Margaret-street, iselsreste•tc
Rhodes, Esq., late of her Majesty's Woods laid 1.;• c sad
On the 27th ult., Edwin Craven, infant sou ot
redo relict of
of". it A.
of Church-row, Limehouse. iv child
On the 27th ult., in London, Frederic°, 00- aPtaiti
Emilie Scarth, aged 7 years. wife li•
of
On the 27th ult., at Paris, Jane, the t
&
lot the
Elliot, R.N. too' of
On the 27th ult., at Stoke Newington,)fr rres_laolf
On the 28th ult., at Turnham-green, Miss
races yox, ^
On the 29th ult., at Lambeth-terrace, Ira"
late Mr. Charles Fox

of:
Pr-----11.1":inted and Published
°b }ll/1/1)° Y°-
tbe
-1111°
London 1115'
ofep
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21 MU.