The Sun.
London, England, 1848-03-27 00:00:00

PRUSSIA.

intelligence has been received from Berlin up to
Thursday morning, at which time the capital waa
tranquil.
The Berliner Nachrichten of the 21st of March
says— _ _

" Many of the inhabitants of this town were yester-
day seen with crape bands round their hats and their
right arms. The mercantile house of Oppenheim gives
the crape gratis to all those who call for them at their
shop. The bodies of those whe fell in the combat on
the 18th to the 19th instant will be buried to-morrow.
Hearses are already tastefully fitted up for the purpose.
All the Government officers will join the funeral proces-
sion."

The following proclamation was issued at nine
o'clock this morning :
" TO THE GERMAN NATION.
" • A new and glorious history begins for you with
this day. In future you will again be an united and
;peat nation, strong, free, and mighty in the heart of
Europe. Frederick William IV. of Prussia, relying on
your heroic assistance and political regeneration, has,
for the salvation of Germany, taken the lead of our
common fatherland. This very day you will see him
among you on horseback, wearing the ancient and re-
spected colours of the German nation. May the bless-
ings of Heaven descend on our constitutional Prince, the
leader of the German people, the new King of the free,
regenerated German nation I
" Berlin, March 21.'
" At 10 o'clock the Minister Count Schwerin assem-
bled the students in the Aida (hall of state of the Uni-
versity). They entered it in a body, many of them
carrying arms in their hands, and were received by
Count Schwerin and the Rector and Prorector Muller
and Hecker, both of whom were armed. Count
Schwerin addressed the students as follows:
" Gentlemen,—His Majesty the Kinn; thinks it his
duty to inform you, who have so brilliantly shone in
these days of glory, of the line of progress which he
proposes to follow. It is his Majesty's intention to take
the lead of constitutional Germany. He will have li-
berty and a constitution. He will originate and form a
German Parliament, and he will head the progress of
the nation. The King relies on the protection of the
people. Is not this your opinion? (" Yes, yes,"
repeated by a thousand voices.) The King, wearing the
German colours, will appear in the streets of this town.
He wishes the students to surround him in a body.
Gentlemen, may God bless the German King !—(Stormy
applause.) Gentlemen, we are his Majesty's respon-
sible Ministers, but it is the King who animates
us. His thought is progress! His thought is
liberty ! God bless the responsible Ministers!'
" A student proposed a vivat for Count Schwerin, the
friend of the people, and after some words of the latter,
the students left the Aula, cheering violently. They
are all armed, and form different corps, which they call
by the names of their favourite professors Dove,
Hecker, &c. The lecture-rooms of the Univeraity serve
as rooms for meetings and for the armed guard of stu-
dents. The rector and the professors sent last night a
variety of refreshments to the students in charge of the
University building. 80,000 copies of a national song
(` Volkslied ') have been distributed among the people,
and copies of the same are being sent to other towns of
Germany. The King appeared at half-past ten near the
winding stairs of the Palace-yard. His Majesty was on
horseback; he wore the uniform and helmet of the Ist
liegiment of the Guards, with the German colours round
his arm. He was surrounded by the Princes and Minis-
ters, who wore the same colours. His Majesty was re-
ceived with enthusiastic applause. Turning to the people,
• It is,' said the King, no usurpation of mine if
I feel called upon to save German liberty and
unity. I swear by God that no Prince shall be
dethroned by me. But German unity and liberty I will
preserve. These must be protected by German faith,
and grounded on the basis of an upright and truly Ger-
man constitution.' This speech was violently cheered,
and so great was the crowd that the King and his party
could but very slowly proceed. The procession was
headed by two generals with the German colours round
their arms. After them came three Ministers, two pri-
vates of the Civic Rifle Brigade and the Civic Coun-
sellor,: M. Gleich, who bore the tri-coloured German
flag. He was followed by the King surrounded by his
Princes and Generals. The King stopped in the Palace-
square to address the people, and proceeded next through
the streets leading to the Palace. Handkerchiefs were
waved from all the windows, accompanied by loud
cheers. The Civic Guards in charge of the Royal
guard-house presented arms, and the King said, I see
you here on guard. I have no words to tell you how I
thank you ; believe it A voice—' Long life to the
Emperor of Germany 1' The King.—' Never. That is
not my will—that is not my intention.' The procession
passed the statue of Bliicher and through the Behren-
strasse, and returned by the Linden. Near the Univer-
sity it was joined by three students, who carried the
Imperial banner before the King. All the students
were drawn up before the University, headed by the
Rectors Muller and Hecker. The King shook hands
with these gentlemen, and then stopping near the
monument of Frederick IL, he said, am truly
proud that it is my capital where so powerful an
.
opinion has manifested itself. This day is a great
day. It ought never to be forgotten. It is derisive,
Gentlemen, you carry a grand future within you,
lid
when after years you look back upon your life you w,
I am sure, think o this
not day
ea
. ' he
to colours
an I wear
are not m I
dos
own ; mean; 'n
with them - I want neither another crown
in Germany;
thi g
another
dominion. want liberty; I will have unity Germany;
I want good order; I swear it before God. (Here the
King raised his right band to Heaven.) I have done
nothing but what has often happened in the history of
Germany. It has often been the case that, when disorder
prevailed, mighty Princes and Dukes have come forward;
that they have taken the banner in their hands, and led
the nation. I believe that the hearts of the Princes
yearn towards me, and that the will of the nation sup-
ports me. Mark me, Gentlemen, I ask it of you—take
it down in writing that I will not usurp anything I—that
I claim nothing except German liberty and unity. Tell
it to the students of other universities. I am heartily
sorry that they are not all here in one body!'
"Loud cries of Vivat Frederick William!' followed
this speech. The students rattled their arms, the people
threw their hats up, and vented their feelings by endless
cheers. So dense was the crowd near the King, that his
horse could scarcely walk. Never was a King's progress
more beautiful, more glorious, more triumphant. There
was but one feeling, but one thought for liberty and
right. All minds were deeply imbued with a conscious
feeling of national dignity, with gratitude for those
whose bravery had conquered this liberty, and with love
for those who stand forward to lead them to glory and
freedom. After returning to the Palace, the King was
followed by Prince Albrecht amidst violent cheering,
which increased an hundredfold when the King, yielding
to the transports of the moment, embraced his brother."
The Zeitungshalle publishes the following address
of thanks to -the people of Berlin, by the Poles, to
whom his Majesty the KING has granted an
amnesty:—
" Citizens of Berlin,—After a captivity of more than
two years, we owe our liberty to the amnesty which his
Majesty the King has granted ; but to you, citizens of
Berlin, our thanks are equally due, for you have dared
to speak freely to the King, and to petition for our libe-
ration. You have caused. his Majesty the King to set

us free ; you have coniucted us in triumph to his
Majesty's palace, to show him the joy of his people a
this act of royal clemency, which is also an act of jus-
tice. Yes, after this wonderful change in European
politics, it was indeed an net of justice. After Germany
had proclaimed the national unity of a great, free,
and mighty German fatherland—after the King of
Prussia's promise that he would promote this unity, he
could not consider the struggles of the condemned Poles
for an independent and free Polish fatherland to be trea-
sonable and worthy of punishment. Citizens of Berlin!
the common sense of the people is a better judge of
affairs than the wisdom of the politician. Guided by it,
you have in our liberation hailed the future liberty and
independence of Poland. You are aware not only that

the time is come to atone for that fatal crime which
divided Poland, but also that an independent Poland is
wanted as a breastwork for the safety of Germany
against the inroads of the Asiatics. Would to
God that this conviction, so deeply rooted among the
nation, might also strike the Governments of Germany.
Would to God that the new Liberal Government of
Prussia may here also take the lead. The hearts of all
Poles would fly to meet you. Germans and Poles
would, as has here been the case, meet as brothers, and
the regeneration of Poland would be a guarantee f' the
peace of Europe. If this hope should be accomplialani
(and with God's will it shall be, for the hand of God has
this time been manifest in guiding the nations), then you,
generous citizens of Berlin, and you, the students of this
capital, will for ever live in the remembrance, the love,
the respect of all Poles, for you have first understood
the true interests of your nation and of ours : you have
first spoken your thoughts and your feelings. All hail
to Germany ! All hail to Prussia I All hail to Berlin I"
(Here follow the signatures.)

The Prussian State 'Gazette of the 23d thus de-
scribes a second progress of the KING through the
city :

" The King was continually kissing his hand and
bowing from the carriage windows in acknowledgment
of the affectionate greetings of his subjects. The people
loudly assured him of their friendly disposition towards
him, and openly declared that they, and not he, were
alone responsible for what had occurred. The King
frequently inquired the names of those who made them-
selves conspicuous by their warmth on the occasion, and
he granted pardon to many who asked it of him. He
also repeatedly inquired of those about him as to the
particular circumstances which had taken place at various
parts of the city during the late disturbances. The
Queen and the new Ministers were also very flatteringly
received by the populace, especially Schwerin and Bor-
nemann. At five different points the King addressed the
people ; the cheering was universal. His Majesty con-
cluded one of his speeches in the following words :
' Citizens, I am well aware that I am not now powerful in

the strength of my army or in the wealth of my trea-
sury, but I am strong in the fidelity and rich in the affec-
tions of my people. You have given me your hearts and
your confidence, and I swear to you in return that I have
no wish but to promote your happiness and to secure the
independence and prosperity of Germany.' The King
at every post addressed those on guard, thanking them
for their services to the town and their fidelity to him:
The procession terminated at the Palace, where, in reply
to an observation by one of his Ministers that the mili-
tary duty would be very onerous to the burghers, the
King said, that in order to evince his confidence in that
body, he would not allow the soldiers to return to the
capital until requested by the burghers themselves, and
that then it would probably be most satisfactory to all
parties if the duty were equally shared, or alternately
performed by the two bodies. His Majesty further de-
clared that if the citizens had any preference for par-
ticular regiments, their wishes in that respect should be
consulted and respected."

The Poles are on guard with the burghers of
Berlin. They wear the German cockade combined
with the Polish national colours.

HANOVER.

A Municipal Constitution has been granted to the
city, by which the entire control of the police has
been secured to the inhabitants.

AUSTRIA.

FORMATION OF THE AUSTRIAN CABINET.
By a royal rescript of the 17th of this month, his
Imperial MAZESTY has been pleased to appoint
FRANz Count VON KOLOWRAT, his MAJESTY'S
Minister of State and Councillar pro tem. as Prime
Minister; also Count VON FIQUELMONT, Minister of
Foreign Affairs ; Baron Vox PILLBRSDORF, Lord
High Chancellor, Minister of the Interior ; Count
VON TAFFE, Minister of Justice; Baron VON SU'
ACME, Minister of Finance. His MAJESNY still
reserves to himself the nomination of Minister of
War.— Vienna Gazette, March 21.

BAVARIA.
MUNICH, MARCH 21.

The following royal patent has been issued :

" Ludwig, by the grace of God King of Bavaria, Pals-
grave on the Rhine, Duke of Bavaria, Franconia,
Suabia, &c.

" We have been graciously pleased to resign our crown
in favour of our beloved son, his Royal Highness th•
Crown Prince, Maximilian, and make known by these
presents that it is our royal will in future to adopt th•
title of King Ludwig (Majesty), and our beloved royal
consort the title of Queen Theresa (Majesty). This our
act of resignation and titular denomination is to be made
public in our State Gazette. " LUDWIG.
" Given at Munich, March 22, l 848."
The subjoined Royal Address to the people of Ba•
varia has also been issued :

" Bavarians,—A new state of feeling has commenced
—a state which differs essentially from that embodied in
the constitutional code agreeably to which I have now
governed 23 years. I resign my crown in favour of my
beloved son the Crown Prince Maximilian. My Govern-
ment has been in strict accordance with the constitution
—my life has been dedicated to the welfare of my people.
I have administered the public property and the public
money as if I had been a Republican officer, and I can
boldly encounter the most scrutinising eve. I offer my
heartfelt thanks to all who adhered to me faithfully, and
though I descend from the throne, my heart yet glows
with affection for Bavaria and for Germany.
" Munich, March 21, 1848." " LUDWIG.
The following is the patent of the new KING
We, Maximilian 11., by the grace of God King of
Bavaria, &c., to all whom it may concern herewith send
our royal greeting.
" Seeing that our beloved and venerated father, his
Royal Majesty, has of his own free will and accord
declared, under date of the 20th of this month, hie
resolve to resign the crown of Bavaria in our favour, and
by this act of resignation to delegate to us, as legitimate
and hereditary heir, the kingdom of Bavaria, with all
the ancient and modern territorial possessions apper-
taining thereunto, agreeably to the act of the constitu-
tion, and on the bases of the alliances of our state and
dynasty ;
" We have accordingly taken full possession of the
same, and have entered upon the government of the
kingdom.
" We make known by these presents to all our States,
burghers, and subjects in the cities and in the country. as
also to all our officers of state, and to other functionaries
of our hereditary dominions, whatever be their office,
rank, or condition, that they must henceforth consider
us as their legitimate and only liege Lord ; that they
shall serve us willingly and dutifully, render us invio-
lable loyalty and implicit obedience stall times and in all
places, as loyal subjects are in duty bound to kings and
those who are set over them by God.
" We make known to them by these presents that
we have already taken the oath contained in Title 10,
sec. 1, of the Constitutional Code in due form.
" In order that the affairs of Government and the ad-
ministration of justice may not be impeded, or the public
weal suffer detriment by any delay, it is our Royal
pleasure that all the officers and authorities of the king-
dom shall continue to discharge their several functions
till our further pleasure be made known.
" Our Royal name and title being affixed to the official
documents of the same, and the present seal appended
until the execution of a new one.
" We would especially remind all persons in office of
the oath of the constitution which they have taken, and
we feel assured that all our loyal subjects will faithfully
obey the legal demand now made upon them, and we
desire by these presents to testify our Royal good-will
and favour towards them.

" MAXIMILIAN.
"Baron Von TIION DITTMER,
Councillor of State.

" By a Royal command.
"F. Von KOBELL, the Secretary-
General.

_ .
" Munich, March 21, 1848."
The Augsburg Gazette of the 22d inst., has the fol-
lowing article :

" MUNICH, Mama 20, 12 o'CLocK, P.X.

" A most unexpected change has taken place here.
This morning the King transacted business, and granted
a public audience to several deputations, and in the
evening he has ceased to reign.
" Various reports were afloat during the day, but no
credit was attached to them till ten o:Clock in the even•
ing, when an Aide de-Camp presented himself to the
principal corps of the students, and declared officially
that the King had abdicated. The intelligence was also
conveyed officially to the Civic Guard by the Burgo•
master.

" Considerable excitement prevails. The burghers,
it is said, intend to make a protest, and take the part of
the King if it should be proved that his abdication is the
result of intrigue. _ _

" MARCH 21.

" The excitement is indescribable. It is asserted tint
the abdication is the result of intrigue. Maximilian 11.
ascends the throne at a most ominous conjuncture."

POLAND.

The accounts from Poland are very contradictory.
The Paris Presse says that the statement of the In-
surrection in Cracow is confirmed. The Berlin
papers, however, mention nothing of the insurrec-
tion in Cracow, but mention an Insurrection in War-
saw, and state that General Prince PASILEWITCH has
left St. Petersburgh for the purpose of quelling the
disturbance and restoring order.
The Gazette des Pastes states, under the date
Cracow, March 18, that that morning a proclama-
tion was issued, calling upon the burghers of the city