The Sun.
London, England, 1848-10-24 00:00:00

THE SITN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING-, OCTOBER 24, lB4B.

that her husband was employed as a labonrer in the
Water Mills, near Barking, Essex, and by their
united industry and exertions they managed to save
a little money. She was a distant relation of Lady
Elizabeth Jane Herbert, deceased, and she had
documents in her possession which convinced her
that she was entitled to the Golden Fleece and
a large estate situate at Brentwood, Essex, but she
bad not means to enable her to employ a lawyer
to properly investigate the matter for her. In
the month of April last she bad occasion to come
to London to see her sister, who resided in White-
chapel. She went tol a public-house to have some
refreshment, where the prisoner and some other men
were sitting together. Her sister and herself were
talking about the estate at Brentwood, which was
overheard by the prisoner, who introduced himself as
a solicitor, and proffered his services to inquire into
the subject, and obtain, if possible, for her possession
of the estate, conditionally that she would pay the
expenses. She gladly embraced the offer, and com-
municated the circumstance to her husband when she
returned home, and they corresponded with the pri-
soner, who immediately commenced his " professional"
exertions ; and from time to time he had obtained
sums of money under pretence that he was pursuing
the inquiries in the Lord High Chancellor's office, &c.,
until they had parted with 671. The prisoner, subse-
quent to the meeting at the public-house in White-
chapel, came to Barking, and visited the cottage, when
he pretended to be quite fascinated with her daughter,
who had been injured by him, and he also
made great promises to procure for her son a
ment, which was signed by witnesses,
situation in the Lord Chancellor's office, got up a
should perform various duties,
written
that purporting
ag
&c., but it was needless to say that the situation was
that he
never obtained. The prisoner had written her letters
appointing to meet her at a coffee-shop in Hand-court,
Holborn, which he represented to be his offices,where
she had parted with money to him. On the 11th of
August last she received a letter from the prisoner to
meet him at a public-house in Chancery-lane. She
went there, when the prisoner produced a letter of a
very official appearance, purporting to have been
signed and sealed by the authority of the Lord High
Chancellor of England, and that Mr. Hyde, the Lord
Chancellor's officer, was to accompany her to Brent-
wood in a carriage and four to take possession of the
estate, under the authority of the letter, and that it
was all right. He made further applications to her
for money, and about a fortnight ago she let him have
10s., which she raised with difficulty. She at length
began to suspect with her husband that all was
not right, and consulted with a respectable attor-
ney, who, on questioning the prosecutrix, and
making inquiries, had no doubt that she had
been swindled, and, in consequence of his advice,
she applied to the police at the station-house in Bag-
nigge-wells road, when Moss, 195 G, an active officer,
was deputed to trace and apprehend the prisoner, and
at length he did trace him to his residence, at No.
16, White Lion-court, cohabiting with a woman; but
he could never find him at home until stratagem was
adopted. He had applied for more money by letter
on Wednesday last, when Moss suggested that the
prosecutrix should write a letter promising to meet
him to give him 155., feeling assured that he would
be there to receive the money. He accordingly
made his appearance, when he was taken to the
station-house.

Numerous letters were produced which had been
written by the prisoner to the prosecutrix, informing
her how he was proceeding in the case, and request-
ing:money to be forwarded to him by post-office order,
and some of them in a peremptory and threatening
tone, if she did not answer his demands. She had
parted with 141. 7s. 3d., and other sums of lesser
degree to the prisoner, under the representation that
he would assist her in gaining possession of the estate
at Brent wood.

Moss, 195 G, deposed that he apprehended the
prisoner, when he asked him if the signature of the
letter, purporting to be the Lord Chancellor's, was
genuine. The prisoner asked "If he was obliged to
answer that question ?" Witness said, " Certainly
not."

Mr. TYXWHITT cautioned the prisoner that he was
not bound to say anything to the charge at present.
He should send the case for trial eventually, but he
would remand him for the production of further
necessary evidence.
Prisoner-4 admit receiving certain sums of money
from Mrs. Gregory, for certain purposes, and I made
every inquiry in reference to the objects which Mrs.
Gregory spoke to me about, as to the property she is
entitled to, and I have examined many witnesses
relative to hat Property. If she is dissatisfied, I will
return all the papers I have got, and, after remune-
rating me for my trouble, I have no objection to pay
the difference, if it is not out of the way. He had
paid off a mortgage. She had expressed a wish to
him to make a settlement and abandon all pro-
ceedings.
fMoss said that there was a gang of such young
fellows practising their impositions, and others had
received money Irom the prosecutrix.
The prisoner applied for bail to be taken.
Mr. TrawniTr said, he would accept bail, but it
must be considerable; and there was a question whe-
ther his case did not amount to forgery.
The prisoner was then remanded, and inquiries will
be made at the Lord Chancellor's office, &c.
THAMES.

Robert John Gyton, a constable in the employ of
the Regent's Canal Dock Company, Ratcliff, was
brought before Mr. Yardley, charged with commit-
ting a savage assault on a poor boy named John
Shillim, wh,se face was covered with blood which
had streamed down it from a severe wound in the head.
The boy said he was selling matches in the dock,
and the defendant came up to him and struck him on
the head. He ran away, and the defendant pursued
him, and, as he was about to emerge from the dock,
struck him a aeoand time on the head with his
clenched fist, and drove him against the wheel of a
cart, which caused him to be wounded, and he bled
profusely.
Mr. Stephen Bridges, a timber merchant, confirmed
the statement of the lad, who he considered had been
very brutally treated.
The defendant said he had received positive orders
to eject all persons selling matches in the dock, and
upon directing the boy to withdraw, he was assailed
with such vulgar abuse and threats that he was pro-
voked to give him a pat on the head, and as he was
doing fro the boy stooped down, and was struck on the
head with the tyre of a cart wheel.—He then called
a brother officer named Jones, who said the dock
was infested with young thieves, who were always
stealing coals, or anything else they could lay their
hands on.

Mr. YARDLEY said the defendant was quite unfit
for the office he held, and had neither temper or dis-
cretion. He fined him 405., which he immediately
paid.

LAMBETH.
Mr. William ilayhorr, a man of respectable appear-
pearance, who described himself as agent to an ale
brewer, was charged with being drunk, creating a
disturbance, and knocking violently at the door of
Mr. Goddard, a gentleman living in Royal-street,
Lambeth.

From the evidence in this case it appeared that
the prisoner had formerly paid his addresses to a
young lady, who has since got married, and lived
with her husband at the house of Mr. Goddard.
The prisoner has latterly resorted to various species
of annoyance—such as sending anonymous letters to
the lady traducing her moral character, getting before
her windows and making motions with his hands to
indicate his intention of cutting his throat, and also
knocking loudly at the docr.
In defence, the prisoner said that he had been engaged
to marry the lady on the 24th of June last, but he
discontinued his attentions since the month of March
preceding.
The contrary of this, however, was proved to be
the fact, and the prisoner was ordered to find bail for
his good conduct —The prisoner was then locked up
Cock,
for want of bail.
Bahavrallo IN Cnunca.—Catharine Marsen, a
the ,
singular-looking old woman, was charged with brawl-
ing and creating a disturbance at Newington Church
on the preceding evening during Divine service.
service at Newington Church on the evening before
a parish constable, deposed that during the
in one word, and that was,
gin, rose, interrupted the minister, ant caused such
confusion that he was compelled to remove her.
while under the influence of the spirit oi
mMrr..
EELL:tooTiTi:Tieul I what have you to say to this
charge ? Prisoner—l 'only contradicted the parson
that the Romans wasn't
the first, as the Jews was afore them
you promise me you will not
repeat this improper conduct ? Prisoner—Yes, sir.
Mr. ELLIOTT—Mind and keep your word with me.
You are now discharged.

Loss OF THE PEBL's ONE.—Intelligence has been
received at this port of the total loss of The Peel's One,
Captain Lickiss, on the 18th of September, near Cape
North, Cape Breton Island, and also six of the crew.
This vessel, it appears, left Hull on the 19th of August,
for Richibucto, and at the time of the occurrence she
had on board eight passengers, besides the crew of the
schooner Balarea, of St. John's, N.B. Twenty.three
persons escaped with their lives, but the other six were
drowned. The names of the unfortunate men are--
John Tasker, cook; James Atkinsoi,
. seaman; Henry
Rowland, seaman; Matthew Gillings, seaman; John
Bassingd Ale and Henry Levett,apprentices.—.HullPacket.
The inhabitants of Farringdon-street will be glad
to hear that it has been referred to a committee of the
Corporation to take into consideration the necessity of
appropriating the site of the late Fleet Prison, in Far-
ringdon-street. The question of appropriating the site
of the houses Which some years ago stood at the west-
end of Cheapside, opposite to the new Post-office, will
also be considered by the same committee. Hitherto
the latter place has been kept open in the hopes that the
Corporation would determine upon the poject of clear-
ing away several other houses which intercept the view
of St. Lard's so preposterously

THE GREAT CLOCK FOR THE
NEW PALACE OF WESTMINSTER.
The construction of the great clock for the Victoria
Tower in the New Palace of Westminster has been
entrusted to Mr. Dent, the celebrated chronometer
maker, who has undertaken to complete, :for 1,6001.,
"as good a clock as in the present state of the art can
be obtained, which is to strike the hours on a bell of
from eight to ten tons ; to chime the quarters upon
eight bells ; and to show the time upon four dials
about thirty feet in diameter."
The mechanicians selected to compete for the
honour of constructing the great clock were Mr.
Dent, of 82, Strand, Mr. Vulliamy, of Pall-mall, and
Mr. Whiteside, of Derby ; but, after the plans had
been sent in, Mr. Vulliamy, finding the Astronomer
Royal, Professor Airy, was to be the judge, withdrew
from the competition ; and of the two remaining Mr.
Dent was selected.
The withdrawal of Mr. Vulliamy having occa-
sioned some dissatiafaction, Lord Brougham, in his
place in Parliament, moved for the production of all
the papers and correspondence on the subject of the
great clock which had passed between the parties and
the Commissioners of -Woods and Forests. The
following letters, besides putting our readers in pos
session of the very singular facts of the case, contain
many interesting particulars with regard to public
clocks, and we therefore extract them from the
blue book published by command of the House of
Lords :
MR. VULLIAMT TO THE COMMISSIONIRS OP WOODS AND
FORESTS.
Pall-mall,:March 12, 1847.
My Lord and Gentlemen,—l beg to acknowledge
the receipt of your letter of the lath February, and
its enclosure, dated the 11th of the same month,
signed by Mr. Airy.
The Astronomer Royal has officially reported to
the Royal Exchange and Gresham Trusts Committee
the clock at the Royal Exchange to be, in his opinion,
the " best in the world." Now, Mr. Airy himself
very recently told me he had not seen the public
clocks at Paris, which are the most deserving of
notice of any I am acquainted with.
Subsequently to my letter to Mr. Barry, dated 22d
July, 1826, wherein I declined to enter into the com-
petition for making the clock for the New Palace at
Westminster, a copy of a letter from the Astronomer
Royal to the maker of the clock of the Royal Ex-
change, together with some other papers connected
therewith, have been put into my hands. This
letter can lead to no other conclusion than that ex-
pressed in my answer to Mr. Barry before referred to.
The maker of the clock at the Royal Exchange, in
a memorial to the Office of Woods, dated the 14th
IDecember, 1845, in which he solicits to be em-
ployed to make the clock for the New Palace at
Westminster, proposes the Astronomer Royal as the
referee under whom he shall execute the work, and
forwards with his memorial a copy of the letter be-
fore referred to, dated 22d July, 1845, from Mr. Airy,
addressed to himself, in which that gentleman, after
repeating the assertion that the clock at the Royal
Exchange "is the best in the world," concludes by
saying, if he should be consulted, " I shall state,
without hesitation, that I consider you as the most
proper person to be entrusted with the construction of
another clock of similar pretensions." As this letter
is a most important document, I have added a copy of
it in the form of a postscript to this communication.
It appears from the above statement—first, that
the maker of the Royal Exchange clock proposes the
Astronomer Royal as his referee; second, that the
Astronomer Royal has prejudged the question, and
decided that the maker of that clock is the only fit
person to be employed on the present occasion. These
circumstances fully justify my declining to enter into
a competition with the maker of the Royal Exchange
clock in a case in which the Astronomer Royal is to
be the sole referee.
The experience of thirty years constantly em-
ployed in the improvement of public clocks, as well
in principle as construction (during which time I
have examined some of the most celebrated
machines of the kind on the Continent as well as
in England), has led me to the conclusion that the
Flan laid down by the Astronomer Royal will not
answer his expectations. The maker of the Royal
Exchange clock has had but three or four years'
experience in the construction of public clocks, and
the performance of his principal work has not, in re-
ference either to the going or striking, been what was
expected after the eulogium that had been passed
upon it by the Astronomer Royal.
I still adhere to my objections (stated in my letter
of the 22d of July, 18460 to certain conditions spe-
cified by the Astronomer Royal, with reference both
to the material and execution of the clock. But I
beg to be understood not to make any objection what-
ever to that part of his last specification which refers
to the application of magnetic mechanism ; what
he requires may, I apprehend, be done without
difficulty, or without in any way deranging the
general plan of the clock as laid down in my plan and
specification. Also, I repeat that lam willing to com-
pete and furnish an estimate for the clock, provided
the referees who are to decide on the merits of the
different plans be chosen in the same manner as has
been done on similar previous occasions, and that the
determination be not left to any single individual.
I take this opportunity to forward you a state-
ment of my labours in the improvement of public
clocks, from which it will be seen that thirty years
of my life have been devoted to that object; I may
add that all the more recent improvements (including
some of the conditions imposed by the Astronomer
Royal in his specifications for the Royal Exchange
clock, and the clock required for the New Palace at
Westminster) originated with me, and have been in use
for many years past; and that I have constructed
many clocks of considerable importance, as well for
Government as for sundry public buildings, to which
reference may be made by all who are interested in
the question. It is on these grounds that I put
forward my claims to be employed on the present
occasion.—l have, &c.,
(Signed) B. L. VULLIAMY.
Royal Observatory, Greenwich, July 22, 1848.
P.S. Sir—ln the event of my being consulted by
the Commissioners of Woods and Forests in regard to
the erection of a first-rate clock in the New Houses of
Parliament, I shall state without hesitation, that I
believe the clock which you have constructed for the
s
Royal Exchange to be the best in thedwothrladt as
considerregsri
accuracy of going and striking,
tst.h
I have, &c.,e
construction of another clock of similar tewnsi
you the most proper person to beintruspter

G. B. AIRY.

(Signed)
Mr. E. J. Dent.
STATEMENT OF THE GROUNDS ON WHICH B. L. VIII.
LIAMY CLAIMS TO BE EMPLOYED TO MAKE THE
GREAT CLOCK FOR THE NEW PALACE AT WEST-
MINSTER.

March 13, 1847.
I do not lay any very great stress on the circum-
stance of my having been regularly appointed clock-
maker' to their Majesties King George 111., King
George IV., and King William IV., and also to her
though
this circumstance
Majesty,
certainly
r tainiemployedy
deserving
of
f
consideration ; but on the fact of my having for many
years (since about the year 1810) devoted particular
attention to the construction and improvement of
public clocks. To this I was led from having the
care of all the public clocks belonging to the Crown.
From that period to the present time I have con-
stantly had in view the improvement of this branch of
the art; and that portion of time which the most '
eminent of my profesional brethren have spent in the
improvement of marine chronometers, I have devoted
to the same end in reference to public clocks.
On the death of the late Mr. Thwaites, in 1826,
the Duke of Wellington appointed me clockmaker to
the Honourable Board of Ordnance. This appoint-
ment brought a very considerable number of public
clocks under my care, most of which afforded evident
proof of the little progress that had been made in their
construction and manufacture; indeed, in some re-
spects the art might be said to have retrograded. I
was induced still further to consider the possibility
of materially improving them, both in the principle
on which they were made, and also in the execution
of the work.

In 1825 I went to Paris to see the public clocks in
hat city, particularly that at the Hotel de Ville, of
which common report spoke very highly, and with
justice; it is a thirty-hour clock, made by Lepante
in 1781, and cost, including the two dials, three bells,
and fixings, 90,000 f. (3,0001.)
The first clock I made after my return was, in
1827, for the new church at Norwood. In this I
adopted an entirely new mode of construction, which
I hare since followed with great success. By direc-
tion of the Honourable Board of Ordnance, it was
surveyed by the late Sir John Jones, Commanding
Royal Engineer at Woolwich, a portion of whose re-
port thereon I give in the annexed note ;* but I can-
not find terms sufficiently strong to express the gra-
tification I feel at being able to record such an
opinion coming from an individual enjoying so high
a reputation as that distinguished officer.
Some of the peculiar advantages of the new mode
of construction of which I have just spoken may be
briefly described as follows :
In a turret clock, made upon the common or old
construction, the wheels, and in fact all parts of the
work, as well relating to the going as to the striking
part or parts,t are mounted in one frame. This
frame is composed of various pieces in the form of
flat bars and round pillars, which are connected
together by screws and nuts, and generally so
arranged that the pivots of each train of
wheels act in opposite bars; consequently, when
either of these bars is for any purpose removed, the
entire train of wheels become loose and disengaged;
so that when the clock is large, and the parts heavy,
it requires the help of two or three assistants to pre-
vent them falling, which renders the operation of
taking the clock to pieces attended with much trouble,
to say noting of the risk of bending or breaking the I.

; pivots or of damaging the wheels. To avoid such ac-
cidents the pivots are generally made wider than
otherwise would be necessary, and this greatly in-
creases the friction. Now, however well this frame-
work may be executed (and if made of sufficient
strength and well executed, it becomes very expen-
sive), still it is far from possessing the requisite
solidity for a machine to measure time, on account of
its being so much affected by the vibratory motion
caused by the striking part or parts.
In the new construction, the going and striking
part or parts are perfectly detached from each other;
and the wheel work, Etc , of each part is supported by
a separate, solid, and entire bed of cast iron, instead
of a frame composed of pieces as formerly. The
arrangement of the several parts is such that any one
piece can, if required, be removed and restored to its
place without disturbing another, and the whole cf
the clock is perfectly solid, and without shake or
motion.
The jar, and consequent tremulous action, resulting
from the fall of the hammer-tail or tails, according as
the clock strikes hours only, or hours and quarters,
which in the common turret clock is communicated to
the whole machine, is, from the construction of this
clock, entirely confined to the striking parts.
The construction of the work for communicating
the motion from the clock to the hand is entirely
different from that usually employed in turret clocks.
It is securely attached to the cast-iroa bed of the
going part, is particularly simple, little liable to be
out of order, and the connexion between the clock
and the dial works, that carry the hands, is made by
a straight iron rod, leading direct from the clock to
each dial work. The bad arrangement of this part of
the work is a very common cause of failure in the
generality of large clocks.
The construction of a turret clock which I have
adopted offers peculiar facilities for cleaning and
oiling the works, which the cotnnson construction does
not possess, and it can in consequence be kept clean
and in order with less trouble, and at much less ex-
pense, than a clock made in the ordinary mode.
The first clock entirely made upon this construc-
tion was that put up in the tower of Norwood church,
A.D. 1627; but I have made several clocks upon the
same principle since, and with equal success, but will
itontent myself with referring more particularly to
those I made for Windsor Castle, and for the New
Victualling Office at Cremille, near Plymouth, both
of which are eight day clocks, and strike the quar-
ters as well as the hours. The former is very large,
the great wheels of the striking parts being 24 inches
in diameter, and the hour is struck upon a bell of 32
cwt. The clock room at Windsor Castle is the
easiest of access, the best lighted and ventilated, and
in all respects the best adapted to the purposes for
which it is intended of any that I am acquainted
with ; but from local circumstances, which the skill
of the architect, Sir Jeffery Wyatville, could not
overcome, the construction of this clock was attended
with much difficulty. The fall for the weights is
exceedingly small, and the dial (for the time is shown
only on one face) is placed considerably below the
clock ; the pendulum also is unavoidably very short,
and the bells are placed at a considerable distance
behind the clock ; all of which circumstances are
more or less prejudicial to its performance. Never-
theless, the accuracy with which the clock has mea-
sured time has been everything that could be desired.
That at the Victualling-office, made under the im-
mediate direction of Sir John Rennie, though some-
what limited for space, is in every respect a very per-
fect piece of work. The time is shown upon four very
large faces, and there are probably few clocks to be
found in so exposed a situation. This clock may be
said to face the Atlantic, and to brave the storms of
the 'Western Ocean. It stands at the head of Ply-
mouth Sound; and a straight line drawn from the
clock across the centre of the breakwater would cross
the ocean, and only terminate on the eoast of Ame-
rica. All persons conversant with the south coast of
this island are aware of the violence of the gales of
wind which occasionally visit Plymouth harbour.
Though much confined for room, the general arrange-
ments of this clock are everything that I could wish :
it has a two-seconds pendulum, with a bob weighing
2581b5., yet the weight of the maintaining power, cal-
culated with a single line, is only 26ilbs. The scape
wheel of the clock carries a seconds hand to show
time within, and a degree plate is employed to indi-
cate the arc of vibration of the pendulum ; conse-
quently there is not any difficulty in determining
exactly the deviations of the clock from mean time.
The mode employed for communicating the motion
from the clock to the hands is simple and convenient,
and has not on any occasion gone out out of ;order.
This clock, notwithsanding its exposed situation, has
kept time so correctly as to become the standard for
regulating time in all the Government establish-
ments at Plymouth, Devonport, Stonehouse, and all
other public clocks in the neighbourhood.
will briefly notice the clock at the New Post-
office, because it is considered a very beautiful speci-
men of the art on a small scale, on account of the
weight of the pendulum bob, which is 4481b5., re-
quiring a maintaining power of only 331bs. to cause it
to vibrate two minutes twenty seconds on each side of
zero; this weight, considering that it is for an eight-
day clock, which is much incumbered with rod-work,
and labouring under manifold disadvantages conse-
quent upon its ill-contrived situation, is, in reference
to the weight of the beb, an extremely small motive
power.

- The clock I have proposed as most fitting for the
New Palace at Westminster would be, in many
respects, similar to the clocks made for Norwood,
Windsor Castle, and Plymouth, hut of necessity larger
and stronger in proportion to what it is required to
accomplish.
There are few advantages to be obtained without
some concomitant disadvantage, or at least some
inconveniences. The only inconvenience, however,
that I am aware of, resulting from the new construc-
tion for public clocks, is the increased length of the
machine, caused by the parts being placed side by
side, instead of one over the other, as in those made
on the old plan. This circumstance sometimes proves
an obstacle, which, from local circumstances connected
with the building, cannot be overcome. It was for
this reason that I was compelled to employ the old
plan in the two very large clocks I made for the
cathedrals at Oxford and Calcutta, the latter of which
struck the quarters upon four bells.
I may, I think, very fairly lay claim to be the
originator of the various improvements that have
taken place within these few years in public clocks ;
for instance, I was the first in this country to employ
a two seconds pendulum (the clock at the Hotel de
Ville at Paris is, indeed, the only clock on the Con-
tent that I ever saw with one), or who applied a hand
toindicate seconds, or a degree plate, by which to
ascertain the arc of vibration of the pendulum, and
with few exceptions, to employ for a pendulum a
wooden rod, a short suspension spring, and a very
heavy bob. Previously to this, the pendulum rods
were almost invariably made of iron, with very long
springs and light bobs. The only instance, in fact,
that I am acquainted with of a wooden pendulum rod
applied to an old clock was to that of the Horse
Guards, which I happen to know was made at the
suggestion of my father, many years since, and which
I replaced in 1816 by a two seconds pendulum with
a teak rod and bob weighing 1901b5.:
I was likewise the first to employ gun metal in the
place of yellow brass for the pivot holes, w heels, and
other parts commonly made of brass.
The employment of gun metal, as a substitute for
brass, was recommended to me by Sir John Jones,.
to whom I am indebted for many valuable sugges-
tions; and it certainly is a very great improvement.
I have examined some public clocks in Flanders,
but did not see any deserving notice. In 1844 I
went to Paris, in order to be present at the Exposi-
tion de l'lndustrie Francaise. There I saw a num-
ber of public clocks of various sizes and descriptions.
In those of a superior quality, the wheels were made
of yellow brass; and in the inferior, the wheels of the
striking train were of cast iron, and the going train
only of brass; but in no instance that fell under my
notice was gun metal employed. Most of the clocks
of a superior description were furnished with a
contrivance called a remontoire. This mode of con-

struction, most inviting in appearance, but substan-
tially bad, has long been the idol of the continental
artists, who devised various modes of applying it to
their marine chronometers ; but in this country it has
found less favour, its fallacy having been long since
detected.

Mr. Mudge was, I believe, the only English maker
who employed it ; and his chronometers, though exe-
cuted with infinite care, and at very great expense,
were found not to perform so well as Arnold's or
Earnshaw's, which, though not better executed, were
much more simple in construction, and consequently
less expensive, as well as less liable to derangement.
This remark applies equally to clocks, to the per-
formance of which a remontoire is as objectionable as
to chronometers.

No expense is spared in the pendulum of French
clocks of a superior class, which are all what are
termed gridiron pendulums, of various constructions,
varying from five to nine bars, and in length from
five to seven or eight feet ; consequently the clocks
cannot indicate seconds in the ordinary mode ; indeed,
I did not notice a single clock of this description to
which a second hand or index, or a degree plate, to
indicate the arc of vibration of the pendulum, was
supplied. The execution of these pendulums cer-
tainly is very beautiful ; but the great weight of the
rod in reference to the bob is a very serious error in

principle, and, in my opinion, more than counter-
balances any advantages they may be thought to

possess.
I will here notice that the clocks in Belgium which
I saw, some of which show time upon very large
skeleton dials, have only one hand, which makes a
revolution in twelve hours, and they were wound
every day ; they likewise strike upon bells compara-
tively small. These circumstances very much di.
minish the difficulties attendant upon making a clock
of this description. Moreover, the PerferaliVace of

most of the Flemish clocks is such as would not be
tolerated in the situation for which the clock for the
New Palace is required.
It has been repeatedly intimated, in the form of
paragraphs in the daily papers and periodical publi-
cations, that only one individual in the profession
possesses the necessary capabilities to construct
public clocks of a superior description ; and also,
that the greater number of clockmakers do not pos-
sess any special manufactory for large clocks, and
that consequently work cannot be so well done, or
on such reasonable terms, as by an individual who
has such a manufactory. Further, that the tools
employed by the generality of clockmakers are of a
very inferior description, and ill qualified to execute
work of a very superior character.
The first part of this statement I feel called upon
to notice, which I shall, however, do very briefly. I
was indebted to the liberality of my much-regretted
friends, Mr. Timothy and Mr. Francis Bramah, for
the permission to employ their foreman and manu-
factory precisely as though they were my own.
This I have done for the last twenty-five,
years, and through the kindness of Mr. Ro-
binson, their successor, this convenience has been
continued to be afforded me in its fullest extent.
All my work, therefore, both iron and gun metal
has been cast at their works at Pimlico, and all my
large work manufactured there; the whole under my
immediate superintendence, by going on the premises
whenever I chose, without let or hindrance, and giving
my instructions personally to the foreman, without
the intervention of any third person. All my work-
ing drawings have been made by myself; and in
order to insure perfection in casting, my patterns
(of which I possess a large collection)are all made
of mahogany, under my immediate clirection. It is
scarcely necessary to add, that the manufactory at
Pimlico affords facilities for executing work large and
small, in the shape of lathes, planing machines, and
tools of every description, as well as a wheel-cutting
engine, that will cut the teeth in a wheel of seven
feet diameter in a manner far superior to those
afforded by any clockmaker's establishment in Lon-
don. lam quite sure that I am much within COM•
pass when I say that it would require a capital of not
less than 10,0001. to establish a manufactory for
making public clocks, that would contain under one
roof all the convenience afforded by Mr. Robinson's
manufactory.

(Signed) B. L. VULLIAMY.
To the Commissioners of her Majesty's Woods, &c.

• "In obedience to your letter of the 28th of July, I
have been to Norwood, and have minutely inspected in
detail the works, &c., made and fixed up in the church in
that place by Mr. Vulliamy. I beg leave to report that
it appears to me superior to any turret clock I have seen,
in the following points:—
" 1. In simplicity of construction, there being fewer
wheels and pinions, both in the going and striking parts,
than in an ordinary clock; and those two movements
being perfectly distinct, and only acting together through
the medium of the discharging piece, any accident to the
one may be repaired without deranging the other. In-
deed, this latter advantage may be said to extend through
every detail of the machinery; for the holes of the pivots,
in which the wheels work, being fixed by screws, the
simple removal of the bosses enables a single wheel
or piece to be taken out and repaired or cleaned, without
taking to pieces the remainder of the works. This con-
struction also gives great facility for keeping the ma-
chinery oiled.

" 2. In durability.—The wheels and pinions are made
of hard gun metal and steel, which latter, besides being
of long duration, have the advantage over the usual iron
case-hardened pinions, wearing equally, and not into an-
gular points, which is found to destroy the wheels most
rapidly. This substitution of hard gum metal and steel
for yellow brass and case-hardened iron, appeared to be
general throughout the acting parts of the machine, giv-
ing more strength to each.
"3 . In regularity of keeping time.—The escapement
is a dead escapement, which has the least possible loss of
power from drop; and is so well contrived that it in-
stantly caught my attention. In this clock it maintains
in motion a pendulum weiging 1501b5.; which, being far
heavier than the pendulum of an ordinary clock of the
same size, cannot fail to make it go accurately.
" The barrel cylinders, round which the lines of the
weights are coiled, are of iron.
" The workmanship of every part is of excellent qua-
lity, and very far superior to that of the clocks at Wool-
wich.

" Conclusion.—From the above it seems almost cer-
tain that a clock of this construction, besides showing the
time more accurately, must last longer, and be more
rarely out of repair than an ordinary clock; and further,
from its simplicity, it may be looked after and kept in
order by a very ordinary mechanic
A clock that strikes the hours has one striking part;
if the hours and quarters two striking parts.
I I have preserved the old pendulum, which, incredi-
ble as it may appear, is furnished, as well as the pen-
dulums I have taken from the Ordnance clocks, with
tans. I have also collected a number of escapements
taken from various clocks, some of which, though ex-
tremely. curious, give, by their wear, incontrovertible
e
vidence of imperfection in their construction.

RAILWAY SHARE MARKETS.
BRISTOL, Oar. 23.
STOCK EXCHANGE.—The business was better to-day. The
sales are—Great Western, Quarters, 7 dis.—Ditto, New 171.
Shares, 5 dis.—Bristol snot Exeter, 40 dis.—Midland, 6 per
cent. Stock, 113—Taff Vale, New, dis.—South Devon, 11
Caledonian, Preference, 1:% dis.
LIVERPOOL, Ocr. 23.
STOCK EXCHANGE.—We have to note a further heavy fall
in shares to-day, and there still appears to be a very few
buying orders in the market. The sales are : Caledonian,
Preference, 21i dis.—Great Northern (A Shares), Deferred,
234—Lancashire anti Yorkshire (late Manchester and Bir-
mingham), Fifths, 6c. dis.—London and North-Western,
99—Ditto, New Quarters, 234 dis.—Ditto (lluddersfield
and Manchester), 191 A—Midland Stock, 65—Ditto, New
Halves, 157 k c.—Scottish Central, 211 A—South-Eastern
and Dover, No. 4, Halves, 5% c.—York, Newcastle, and
Berwick (G. N. E. Purchase), 41. 6s. 3d. dis.
MANCHESTER, Oar. 23.
STOCK EXCITANGE.—The sales are—Caledonian, Prefer-
ence, VA, dis.—East Lancashire, Preference, 3-14 c. dis.--
Manchestei and Birmingham, Quarters (C), p.—Sheffield,
Quarters, No. 1, 101,4 dis.—North Staffor .shire, B%—South-
Eastern and Dover, No. 4, 534 c.—Sheffield and Lincoln,
14% dis.—Midland, 67 c. —East Lancashire, New, 214 c.
dis.—Leeds, Fifths, 6 c. dis —Manchester and Birmingham
(A and B), c.
BIRMINGHAM, Ocr. 23.
STOCK EXCHANGE.—The sales are—London and North-
Western, 100— Midland, 68—North Staffordshire, 8% dis.--
Shropshire Union, 3ih dis.—Great Northern, 14 dis.
YORK, Ocr. 21.
STOCK EXCHANGE.—The business transacted to-day was
as follows: —North British, Thirds, 334—Ditto, Quarters,
21. 165. —York, Newcastle, and Berwick, 2134—Ditto (Ex-
tension), No. 1, 934—Ditto (G. N. E. Purchase), 3/. 18s.—
Great Northern, 3.

[ADVERTISEMENT.]—A 13ad Leg Cured by Hollo-
way's Ointment and Pills after Twenty Years' Suffering.
—Extract of a letter from Mr. Andrew Brack, black-
smith, Eyetnouth, dated Aug. 10, 1848. "To Professor
Holloway—Sir, I have the pleasure to inform you that
I have obtained a must extraordinary cure, by the use of
your celebrated Ointment and Pills. For upwards of
twenty years I suffered with a dreadful bad leg, and dur-
ing that time I consulted several eminent surgeons, but
their efforts failed to do any good. I then had recourse
to your Ointment and Pills which, with the blessing of
Providence, has completely healed my leg, and made it as
sound and perfect as ever."—Sold by all Druggists, and
at Professor Holloway's Establishment, 244, Strand,
London.

A GOOD SHOT.—On Thursday, in the parish of
Tibberton, after a tolerable day with the gun, Mr. G.
Chamberlain, of the Star Hotel, was returning home-
wards, when he was startled by a rustling noise over-
head, and on looking hastily up he discovered the cause
to be two wild turkeys in rapid flight. The gun was at
his shoulder in an it stant, and the next moment both of
the birds had dropped to the ground, shot through the
head at ono discharge. One bird weighed:lolb., the other
71b. Where the noble game came from is a puzzler:*
Worcester Herald.

RIRTHB.
On the 19th inst., -.at Lochnaw Castle, N. 8., the Lady
Louisa Agnew, of twin daughters.
On the 21st inst., at Gordon-square, Lady Romilly, of a
daughter.

On the 20th inst., at Frampton-house, the lady of the Rev.
J. Tunnard, of a daughter.
On the 19th inst., at Radnage Rectory, near Stokenchurch,
Oxon, the wife of the Rev. R. S. Moody, of a son.
On the 19th inst., Airs. W. A. Salter, at Amersham, of
a son.
On the 19th inst., at Tunbridge-wells, the wife of the
Rev. W. E. Light, of a daughter.
On the 20th inst., at Thistle-grove, Brompton, of a daugh-
ter, Mrs. Charles Kelly.
On the 20th inst., at Great College-street, the wife of
Nathaniel Beardmore, civil engineer, of a son.
On the 20th inst., at the Avenue-road, Regent's-park, the
wife of Mr. H. Werthworth, of a son.

MARRIED.
On the 17th inst., at Dunbar, N. 8., William Rule Broo-
man, Esq., Lieutenant R.N., to Eleanor Margaret Carfrae,
youngest daughter of the late G. Turnbull, Esq., Dunbar.
On the 19th inst., Henry, the eldest son of John Fowler,
Esq., of Melksham, to Ann Ford, daughter of R. Barclay,
Req., of Leyten, Essex.
On the 19th inst., at Fulham Church, Edward, only sur-
viving son of Mr. W. J. De Lancey Arnold, of the Stamford-
villas, to Sarah, second daughter of Mr. IL Perry, of Broom'
house, Fulham.
On the 19th inst., at St. John's, Hackney, Francis Mount-
ford Woollaston, Esq., of Beoley, Worcestershire, to Emily,
second daughter of the late Captain Robert Young, of the
Madras Army.

DIED.
On the 11th inst., at Logic Elphinstone, Sir Robert Dal-
rymple Horn Elphinstone, Bart., aged 83.
On the 19th inst., at the Villa, Maidenhead, aged 90, Pene-
lope, relict of the late W. Watson, Esq., of Queen-square,
Bloomsbury.
On the 20th inst., at Lyne, near Dorking, S. Ilosanquet
Esq., late of East Woodhay, Hants, aged 51.
On the 18th inst., at Aberdeen, IV iss Helen Henderson,
daughter of the late A. Henderson, Aberdeen.
On the 18th inst., at Oxton-house, Tadcaster, Sophie,
relict of the late C. Wilson, Esq, aged 75.
On the 18th inst., Emily Henrietta Ledger, eldest daugh-
ter of E. Ledger, Esq., of Lewisham, Bent, aged 12.
James
On the 19th inst., at Cambridge-place, Clifton,
Cheshire, Esq., aged 82.
At Stornoway, Isle of Lewis, Lieutenant E. R. Dodwell)
Ist Life Guards.

Lcsuden : Printed and PublieLed 1)y AIURDO YOUNG,
No. 112, Strand, Printer, at The Sun Office, No. 11
Strand, in the Precinct of the Savoy, in the cOluitY
Atiddleassi Tuesday, October 24, ISA