The Sun.
London, England, 1846-04-16 00:00:00

qUEEN'S BENCH.-(THIS DAY.)

THE QUEEN v. BARNARD GREGORY.
This was a prosecution on an indictment against Bar-
nard Gregory, editor or the Satilift, for a libel published
in that paper on, and affecting thecharacter of the Duke
of Brunswick. The Duke, who conducted his own case
at the time of the trial, was this morning in Court long
before the fitting of their Lordships, and took his place
within the bar, the place allotted for the Queen's counsel.
He was in communication with his solicitor until their
Lordships took their seats upon the bench.
Mr. Sergeant TALFOURD now entered and took his
seat close to the Duke, with whom he exchanged a few
words. The Learned Sergeant then rose, and said he
was instructed to apply to the Court to have judgment
passed upon the defendant, but he now understood that
the jury panel was not in Court. _

The LORD CHIEF JUSTICE—The judgment is not
signed, and the jury panel is not in Court.
The case was then postponed for a few days, when
the defendant, who was in Court, attended by his so-
licitor, will be brought up and judgment will be pro-
nounced.

BAIL COURT.—(THIS DAY.)
(Before Mr. Justice COLERIDGE.)
ERPE V. FERRERS.
In this case Mr. BAusrow, on the part of defendant,
moved for a rule to enter up judgment, as in case of a
nonsuir.

It will be remembered that in the action for breach of
promise of marriage, brought by Miss Smith against
Earl Ferrers, it was shown that the grandfather of the
plaintiff (Mr. Erpe), had advanced 1001., on the supposi-
tion that he was lending that amount to the noble de-
fendant. Subsequently an action was brought against
Earl Ferrers for the amount, which was set down for
trial in the Michaelmas sittings. The case, however,
never came before the Court, and hence the present ap-
plication.—Rule granted.
No other motion of public interest came before his
Lordship.

EXCHEQUER.-(THIS DAY.)
(Sittings in Banco.)
BEYNON V. MARGARET JONES.
Mr. V. Williams havingsobtained a rule, calling upon
plaintiff to show cause why the order obtained at
chambers, before Baron Rolfe, for the liberation of de-
fendant from custody of the sheriff of Carmarthen, should
not be set aside.

Mr. GRAY showed cause, and argued at great length
in favour of the order. He contended, that there was no
difference between the present case, and the common one
against husband and wife, in which, as a matter of favour,
though notright, the practice usually was to liberate the
wife. There was no ground whatever shown for a departure
from the usual course. The circumstance of the de-
fendant having been married before judgment was ob-
tained, did not abate the action. In the case of King v.
Jones, where an application was made of the same
nature, the application was made, not on the ground of
defendant having no separate maintenance, but on the
ground of irregularity.
The COURT took time to consider.

COMMON PLEAS—(THIS DAY.)
(Sittings in Banco.)
HARRISON V. HAMPSON.
Mr. Sergeant MANNING moved for a rule for a new
trial in this case, on the ground of misdirection. The
case was tried in the last sittings after term, before Mr.
Justice Erle, and was an action brought by the Rev. Mr.
Harrison, rector of a parish near Taunton, to recover pos-
session of a piece of land held by the plaintiff; which it
was alleged was a portion of the glebe belonging to the
rectory. The piece of land was a slip of land alongside
of the highway, and had been inclosed about forty-seven
years ago. It was originally a waste, and inclosed by a
person of the name of Heriot, who also built a cottage on
it. It had since passed through the hands of three
parties. The possession had been acquiesced in by four
successive incumbents of the rectory. A verdict had
been given for the defendant, there being no evidence to
show that the land was ever considered a part of the
gleb?, and the Learned Judge (Mr. Justice Erle), before
whom it was tried, having left it to the jury to consider,
in the abser.ce of such evidence, and the acquiescence of
four successive incumbents in the possession, whether
the possession was not good, the Learned Counsel now
asked for a rule to show why this verdict should not be
set aside, on the ground that as sixty years in such
cases was the statute of limitations debarring the re-
covery of such property, whereas possession had only
tbheee n
previousheld lb
incumbents
dyears, 0 at n
atd theal i acquies
de tie tnec et
h6ef title.—Rule to show cause granted.

GAMBLE V. KURTZ.
Mr. Sergeant CIIANNEL moved for a rule to show
cause why the verdict of the special jury in this case
should not be set aside and a new trial granted. The
case was tried last term, and occupied three days. It
was an action for the infringement of a patent for an
improved method of making sulphate of soda and mu-
riatic acid, and a verdict was given for the plaintiff, to
the effect that though the principle was not new, the ap-
plication of it was. The Learned Gentleman now moved
for the defendant.—Rule granted.
The Court then adjourned till to-morrow.

THIS DAY.)
SHERIFFS' COURT.--(
(Before Mr. Under-Sheriff BuRCHELL.)
TUCKEY V. MAY.
This was an action brought to recover the sum of
61. 6s. lid. for goods sold and delivered. The defendant
pleaded that he was never indebted, satisfaction, and
set-off.
uare .
for
The plaintiff is a grocer in George-street, Portman-
square wa for makine. an appraisement the plaintiff:
An action was brought for the amount, which action is
' and the defendant is a surveyor. The satisfac-
s
still pending. .
Mr. Tuosras, for the plaintiff, contended that the
appraisement, even if the defendant was entitled to
charge for it, could not be pleaded in satisfaction, as the
work was done previously to the goods being delivered.
Mr. HAWKINS admitted that there was a technical dif-
ficulty as regarded that plea, but he should rely on the
other two pleas. He contended that no debt arose on
the delivery of the goods, as they were sent in as part
payment for the work done by the defendant.
Witnesses were called who proved that it was cus-
tomary for appraisements to be paid for at the time, but
that the amount was allowed to stand over at the re-
quest of the plaintiff, who when he was applied to for
the payment of 14/. ss. for defendant, said that he had
sent goods to the amount of 6/. 6s. 3d. on account, but
he was aware that the defendant was not a licensed ap-
praiser, and therefore he should refer him to his (plain.
tiff's) attorney.
The UNDER-SHERIFF suggested that a juror should
be withdrawn.
Mr. THOMAS said he would agree if the other action
was discontinued.
Mr. HAWKINS said he would rather take a verdict.
Mr. THOMAS then urged that the plaintiff was en-
titled to be paid for his goods, and the defendant ought
to be left to his own remedy.
The Learned UNDER-SHERIFF, in summing up said,
that it was not a question for the jury, whether
the defendant was licensed or not ; if not, he might be
liable to a fine, but at all events, any person employing
him was bound to pay. The question therefore was,
how much he was entitled to, for he clearly had a right
to set up his claim as a set-off.
The jury gave a verdict for the defendant. •
Mr. HAWKINS said, now the case was closed, he was
desired by the defendant to state, that the proceedings
in the other case would be discontinued, as it was not

the defendant's wish to press the plaintiff, but only to
protect himself.

- - -
MARLBRO'-STREET-(THIS DAY)
A middle-aged female, of superior manners, dressed
in deep mourning, who described herself as the widow
of an officer in the army, was charged with refusing to
quit the house of the Earl of Arundel, No. 11, Carlton-
terrace.
Lord Arundel, who was accommodated with a seat an
the bench, stated that the defendant called at his resi-
dence last evening, and was very importunate to fabtain
an interview with him, which was refused. Between
nine and ten o'clock this morning she came again, and
having gained admission to the hall, positively refused
to leave the house, and it was found necessary
to call in a police-constable to remove her.
Edward Habbage, one of the Earl's domestics, stated
that on his opening the door to the defendant this morn-
ing, she walked into the ball, stating that she wished to
see his Lordship; he told her that she would not be per-
mitted to do so, but she said she must and would insist
on having an interview. He endeavoured to persuade
her to withdraw from the house quietly, but she per-
sisted in remaining until she was taken away by the
constable to the station-house.
Mr. Heal: mots asked the defendant why she did not.
leave his Lo-dship's house when required to do so?
The defendant said that certain circumstances connected
with business of the greatest moment and importance
to her rendered her seeing his Lordship indispensable.
If the hearing of the case was postponed until she had
procured legal advice she should be most willing to go
fully into all the circumstances, which would explain her
reasons for seeking the interview with his Lordship. As
his Lordship bad refused to see her she certainly did
insist on remaining in the hall.
Mr. HARDWICK said his Lordship had a right to re-
fuse to see her if ho thought proper. If she had any,
claim upon his Lordship she must enforce it in a legal
manner. She would not be permitted to intrude herself
into a person's house, where she had not the slightest
right to be.
The defendant said she was without fortune and had
not the means of instituting legal proceedings.
His Lordship said all he knew of the defendant was
from her having, about six years ago, applied to him.
for pecuniary assistance, which he afforded her, and
had done so several times subsequently. O❑ one occa-
sion he had called on her at her house, where she was
living with her mother. She now appeared to be la-
bouring under some delusion that she had some con-
nexion or other wi h his family, for which there was
not the slightest foundation.
Defendant—Oh ! I'm most anxious to prove that I
am not the daughter of Lord Henry Howard.
Mr. HAtinwsess said she had better consult her legal
adviser, and having obtained from her a promise that
she would not go to his Lordship's house again, she
was discharged.

A•••••
COMMUNICATION by TELEGRAPH
BETWEEN FRANCE AND ENGLAND.
Amidst the many wonderful inventions of modern.
days, wherein the faculties of man have overcome diffi-
culties apparently insurmountable, and made the e}e-
ments subservient to his power, there are none more
wonderful than that now about to be carried out by the
establishment of submarine telegraphs, by which an
instantaneous communication will be effected between
the coast of England and France. The British Go-
vernm:nt, by the Lords Commissioners of the Admi-
ralty, and the French Government, by the Minister
of the Interior, have granted permission to two gentle-
men, the projectors of the submarine telegraphs, to lay
it down from coast to coast. The site selected is from
Cape Grisnez, or from Cape Blancnez on the French
side, to the South Foreland, on the English coast. The
soundings between these headlands gradually vary from
seven fathoms, near the shore, on either side, to a maxi-
mute of thirty•seven fathoms in mid-channel. The
Lords of the Admiralty have also granted permission to
the same gentlemen to lay down a submarine telegraph
between Dublin and Holyhead, which is to be car-
ried on from the latter place to Liverpool and
London. The submarine telegraph across the English
Channel will, however, be the one first laid down.
The materials for this are already undergoing the pro-
cess of insulation, and are in that state of forwardness
which will enable the projectors to have them completed,
and placed in position, so that a telegraphic communi-
cation can be transmitted across the channel about the
first week in June. When this is completed an electric
telegraph will be established from the coast to Paris,
and thence to Marseilles. This telegraph throughout
France will be immediately under the direction of the
French Government, as, according to the law of 1837,
all telegraphic communications through that country are
under the absolute control and superintendence of the
Minister of the Interior. Upon the completion of the
submarine telegraph across the English Channel, it is
stated that a similar one, on the most gigantic scale, will
be attempted to be formed, under the immediate sanc-
tion and patronage of the French Administration ; this
is no less than that of connecting the shores of Africa
with those of Europe by the same instrumentality, thus
opening a direct and lightning-like communication be-
tween Marseilles and Algeria. It has been doubted by
several scientific men whether this is practicable, and
indeed, whether even the project between the coasts of
France and England can be accomplished, but it has
been proved by experiments, the most satisfactory in
their results, that not only can it be effected, but effected
without any considerable difficulty. Certain learned
and able men of science asserted that it was impossible
to bring steam to such a state of perfection as to make
it available' for trans-Atlantic navigation; a few short
months have convinced them that the dictum so boldly
propounded was altogether fallacious.

CAPITAL PUNISIIMENT.—We understand that Mr. W.
M. Young, Secretary of the Health and Life Association, in-
tends proposing the organization of a National Association
for the Total Abolition of Capital Punishment, at the forth-
coming General Conference, which is to be held in Liver-
pool on the sth of May. The plan of this proposition
will also embrace a system of education, as a means of
promoting temperance, health, and morality, and thereby
preventing crime and disease amongst the lower orders of
society. This, therefore, is an excellent opportunity for the
friends of humanity, in all parts of the country, to unite
their individual influence in one grand effort, to extirpate
one of the most heartless and degrading customs of the pre-
sent day. We most earnestly hope to see this laudable scheme
meet with that support and approbation which it so justly
deserves.

ROWING MATCH AT OXFORD.--A short time since four
of the staff crew, consisting of amateurs, challenged to race
any four Oxford watermen that could be selected, for 101.
aside. The watermen lost no time in accepting the chal-
lenge, and picked out four of their best men, who were deter-
mined not to throw a chance away, and went into regular
training. The race was fixed for this day, and excited con-
siderable interest, both on account of the boldness of the
challenge and the notoriety of the crews. It being holiday
week an immense number of persons were present to witness
the match, which took place on the Jois after four o'clock.
The distance rowed was from Ifiley to the usual flag-post.
The Staff crew won the choice of sides, which was a material
point in their favour. Both crews started off well, and kept
well together for the Long Bridge, when the watermen shot
ahead, and maintained it to the end of the race, winning it
by about three boats length. The watermen consisted of—
Penn (stroke), R. Barnes, G. Surredge, and G. West (bow),
Tims (coxswain). The Stall—Franklin (stroke), Howse,
Taylor, Clalk (bow), Sturman (coxswain)
ODD FELLOWS ANNIVERSARY AT WINDSOR.—
WLNDSOR, WEDNESDAY.—The first anniversary of the Loyal
Windsor Castle Lodge of Odd Fellows was celebrated yester-
day, by a sumptuous dinner, at the New Inn, at which
Colonel Reid, M.P. for the borough, Captain Bulkeley, of
the Ist Royal Horse Guards, C. S. Voules, Esq., Geoffrey
Pearl, Esq., and upwards of forty of the brethren of the order
were present. The chair was taken by John Clode, jun.,
Esq. When the cloth was removed the usual loyal and
patriotic toasts were drunk; the "Health of her Majesty
the Queen Dowager," who had become the patroness of the
Widows and Orphans' Fund of the institution, being drunk
with "all the honours." On Colonel Reid's health being
drunk, the Gallant Member, in returning thanks, expressed
the delight he should always feel to support, by his presence,
and by every means in his power, so excellent and praise-
worthy an institution as the Odd Fellows' Society—a society
which was founded upon the purest principles of charity,
benevolence, and goodwill to all. Of its merits he could
speak from his own personal observation with reference to the
excellent conduct of those men, who were members, in the
2d regiment of Life Guards, during the long period he had
the honour of being in command.

ESCAPE AND RECAPTURE OP A NOTORIOUS HOUSE-
BREAKER.—Hunt, the person captured, is well known as the
man who was suspected of robbing the residence of Mrs.
Dowson, in the neighbourhood of Bungay. He has also beer,
according to his own admission when he appeared at our late
Quarter Sessions as a witness, brought up either seventeen or
eighteen times in custody, on suspicion, or under conviction.
He is generally lucky enough to "slip through their fingers,"
as he terms it, and last week he did so not only figurately,
yinoutlihefworacse,apoporeaheehnadregde byof SergeantNrVonilll:mfoewnits,
obfutthlietelr,aalrl
from a hen-roost at Effingham, near Bungay. He was de-
tained here in custody until the county police took bins in
charge ; just as Superintendent Hubberstv and an assistant
police-officer were about entering NorwicliCastle, Hunt very
good-humouredly bade them good night, and having knocked
the officer down, and very seriously injured him in the back
and head, ran away at a very rapid rate. He was handcuffed,
but being a very powerful and muscular fellow, he contrived
either to break his chain or to slip one of his hands through.
He bas been recaptured at Effingham, the scene of the rob-
bery for which he was in custody. In thus returning to his
oli haunts he did not show much worldly wisdom ; he has,
however, been caught, and will doubtless find that he has
played a very hazardous game once too often.— Yarmouth
Ohl *nide.
SCRIPHOLDERS' MEETING AT NEWCASTLE-UPON-
TYNE.—A meeting of the holders of scrip certificates in the
new railway companies, convened by the Newcastle Stock
Exchange, was held in the Queen's Head Inn, Newcastle-
upon-Tyne, on Tuesday afternoon; Mr. Henry Glynn in the
chair. Since the advertisement calling the meeting had been
issued, the views of the Government with regard to the dis-
solution of certain companies bad been published; the busi-
ness was, therefore, confined to the adoption of the following
resolution, on the motion of Mr. J. Scott, seconded by Mr.
T. Hall :—" That it is the opinion of this meeting, that the
measure contemplated by her Majesty's Ministers with re-
ference to the projected railways, is entitled to their un-
qualified support; that they also cordially approve of the
notice of motion which has been given by George Hudson,
Esq., to compel every new company, after obtaining an Act,
to call a meeting of the registered proprietors of shares, to
determine whether the works shall be proceeded with or not;
some such measure being absolutely necessary for the put-
pose of protecting registered shareholders; and that a peti-
tion, embodying these views, be prepared, and presented to
Parliament."

THE YACHT ROHELUS.—This handsome cutter, of
thirty-two tons, late the property of Lord Wharncliffe, de-
ceased, has been purchased by H. Kennard, Esq., a me►nber
of the Royal Harwich Yacht Club.
BILLS OF MORTALITY.—The total number of deaths
(exclusive of deaths from violence) registered in the metro-
politan district for the week endiug 11th April, 1846, is 832,
being a diminution as compared with the week preceding of
156. The prevalent diseases appear to have been 1 ivmses of
the organs of respiration, the deaths from which were 270,
and diseases of the brain and nerves, the deaths from which
inn 169,

MEMOIRSof JOSEPH GRIMALDI, edited by Buz,
with illustrations by George Cruihshank. A new
edition, with notes and add tions, revised by Charles
Whitehead.
A new edition of this popular biography having been
called fur, Mr. Bentley has acted wisely in intrusting it
to the superintendence of Mr. Charles Whitehead,
whose intimate knowledge of dramatic affairs has
enabled him to impart a vast deal of additional informa-
anent persons and things connected with Grimaldi,
with which Mr. Dickens was- unacquainted. This addi-
tional information—and most amusing and interesting a
great portion of it is—is given in the form of foot-notes,
so that the text of the original is strictly preserved.
T'

HE PHYSIOLOGY OFEVENINGPARTIES.
Although this
Albert Smith.
this highly-eccentric and bumourous little
book Ca; been twice offered to the public, first in the
columns of our facetious contemporary Punch, and after-
wards in a pleasant Christmas book called the " Wassail
163 WI," it is right welcome. From the hilarious, joyous,
laughter-loving vein in which it is written we conjecture
the author must be on capital terms with himself, and
everybody else ; we would wager he could " forgive and
forget." as the saying goes, in the most spontaneous
manner ; and we have, moreover, some very shrewd sus-
picions that he knows how to shake hands with a friend
--not by tendering a frigid one finger, or an inert bundle
of lukewarm flesh and bones—but with a fine cordial
gripe that shows the muscles are in excellent condition.
Such is the opinion of Mr. Albert Smith which every
One must form, who dips into these seventy•one
Pages of drollery. And, under the correction of certain
supposititious critics, we will abide by the notion that
our author's disposition may be discerned from his
writings, " The Physiology of Evening Parties !"—the
name alone is provocative of amusement : or " the Na-
tural History of the First Quadrille." Surely the man
must be a most veritable curmudgeon whose risibility
would not be excited by the perusal of such terpsichorean
Parodies upon Button. The vraisemblance of each inci-
dent described is something extraordinary. There is a
touch of genuine Bozism in Mr. Albert Smith's nature,
but his delineations of character want the epigrammatic
comicality of Dickens. Besides which—but a com-
parison would he invidious ; it would be as impossible
as a comparison between Homer and Blackmore. Boz
is on the top of the great pyramid ; while Albert Smith
is on the top of one seven feet by five on the stage of the
Lyceum. We say this not in depreciation of the latter; but
as the mere illustration of a fact. If we could give such
illustrations however as those of Leech in the book
before us, we would amplify the difference at yet greater
length. Sufficient to say that the present volume is an
excellent specimen of that rich fun by which Albert
Smith has rendered himself such a favourite with our-
Selves, and a great multitude besides ; while the wood-
ed, designed by Leech, are worthy illustrations to one
of the happiest of the first contributors to " Punch," and
are also worthy of himself—the main-stay and best
bower anchor of that periodical.

THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND DURING
THE THIRTY YEARS' PEACE, 1815 to
1845. By Charles Knight. Part H.
The sixth chapter of this well-written and valuable
Ilistory contains a graphic account (illustrated by a
Plan) of the taking of Algiers by Lord Exmouth, in
1816, and of the events which led to and followed that
event. The seventh chapter sketches the progress of
social improvement in England from the first efforts of
Sir S. Romilly to improve our criminal law, in 1808, up
to the commencement of the memorable labours of
Brougham in behalf of popular education, in 1816. The
questions of the reform of the criminal code, of the
establishment of an effectual preventive and detective
police, and of the law of settlement and the poor-laws,
teand of popular education, are all calmly considered and
mperately discussed in this chapter ; which concludes
with a history of the first establishment of savings'
.I.3ianks. In 1816 the first gas company applied to Par-
lament for a Bill, and the following account will be
read with interest at the present moment, inasmuch as
tithe same arguments that were used by the oil protec-
onists of that day, against gas lighting, are used by
the corn protectionists of our own against free trade.—
" The brilliantly lighted, carefully watched, safe, orderly,
and tranquil London of the present day, presents as great a
contrast to the London of 1816, as that again, contrasted with
paving
London of 1762—the year in which the Westminster
and Lighting Act was passed. Street-robberies, be-
fore that period, were the ordinary events of the night : se-
curity was the exception to the course of atrocity, for which
the Gsvernment applied no remedy but to hang. For half
a century after this the metropolis had its comparative safety
of feeble-oil-lamps and decrepid watchmen. The streets were
filled with tumultuous vagabonds; and the drowsy guardians
of the night suffered every abomination to go on in lawless
*vigour, happy if their sleep were undisturbed by the mid
night row of the drunken rake. In 1807 Pall-mall was
lighted by gas. The persevering German who spent his own
money and that of his subscribers to his scheme, had no re-
'Ward. The original gas company, whose example was to be
followed, not only by all England, but the whole civilised
'world, were first derided, and then treated in Parliament as
rapacious monopolists intent upon the ruin of established in-
dustry. The adventurers in gas-light did more for the pre-
vention of crime than the Government had done since the
days of Alfred. We turn to the Parliamentary debates, and
We see how they were encouraged in 1816—nine years after
It had been found that the invention was of unappreciable
Public benefit :—' The company,'said the Earl of Lauderdale,
aimed at a monopoly, which would ultimately prove injuri-
ous to the public, and ruin that most important branch of
trade, the whale fisheries.' Alderman Atkins ' contended that
the measure was calculated to ruin that hardy race of men,
the persons employed in the Southern and Greenland whale
fisheries, in each of which a million of money and above a
hundred ships were engaged. If the Bill were to pass, it
Would throw out of employ ten thousand seamen, and above
ten thousand ropemakers, sailmakers, mastmakers, &c., con-
nected with that trade.' Who can forbear to admire the in-
exhaustible fund of benevolence that for ages has been at
Work iu the advocacy of the great principle of protection. At
every step of scientific discovery which promises to impart
new benefits to mankind, however certain and unquestionable
be the benefit, we are called upon to maintain the ancient
state of things, amidst the terrible denunciations of ruin to
Some great interest or other. It it quite marvellous the ruin
that has been threatening us since the peace, when capital
has been free to apply itself in aid of skill and enterprise.
The min that gas-light was to produce is a pretty fair
example of the ruin that has gone on, and is still going on, for
no objects but those of thinning our population, diminishing
our manufactures, crippling our commerce, extinguishing our
apiculture, and pauperizing our landed proprietors. There
never was a nation doomed to such perils by the restless
character of its people. They will not let well enough alone,
as the only wise men say. In 1816 they risked the exis-
tence of the British navy, which depended upon the whale
fisheries, for the trifling advantage of making London as light '
by night as by day, and bestowing safety and peacefulness
upon its millions of inhabitants. And yet at the very mo-
intent that this ruin was predicted to oil, it was admitted that
We could not obtain a sufficiency ofjoil. There are some les-
so
thns yet to be learnt on the subject of protection, even from
is petty fight of oil and gas."
The eighth chapter, which is not completed in this
part, is devoted to the subject of Spanish America. In
as much of it as is contained in the present number, we
have a history of the various efforts made at emancipa-
tion by Spanish America, from 1785, when General
Miranda was negotiating with Mr. Pitt for the assistance
of England, in enabling the inhabitants of Venezuela to
throw off the yoke of Spain, to the de:eat of Morelos, in
Mexico, by the Royalist forces, and his subsequent ex-
ecution, in 1815, which seemed for a time to have anni-
hilated the Insurrection which had been begun in that
country in 1810, by the famous Curate Hidalgo. This
pert is illustrated by an excellent map of the South '
American Continent, and by two engraved portraits,
the one of Sir Samuel Romilly the other of Prince Tel-
ley rand.

AN ADDRESS upon the LAW and LIABILITIES
of RAILWAY SPECULATION, with HINTS
fur LEGISLATIVE INTERFERENCE. By
D. W. Harvey, Esq.
This is a remarkably well-timed little pamphlet, by
kr. Whittle Harvey, President of the Railway Mutual
Protection Society. It comes with an official impress,
and speaks the utility of the society and the attention
Which the learned president has paid to the important
objects of the institution. We here have, in a small
compass, and in a popular form, the law and liabilities
upon a subject which, of all others, most engrosses the
Public mind at the present time. We earnestly recom-
mend the perusal of this " Address" to whoever is upon a
railway committee or holds a share. We cordially con-
cur in the feelings of just exultation in which Mr. Hat-
:fey alludes to a subject touching railway matters, which
ne brought before the House of Commons in 1836, and
Whitt), though almost scouted' at the time, has, within
the last few days, been embodied in a royal commission.

THE LATE THOMAS HOOD.—A meeting of the com•
!nittee for managing the Hood Fund was held on Thursday
last at the residence of Mr. David Salomons, the treasurer,
for the purpose of auditing the accounts. One thousand
pounds has been invested on behalf of the family in the
Public funds, and a further sum-of 2001. will be similarly
a invested in the course of a few weeks. It is proposed to place
small monument over the remains cf the late Mr. Hood, in
Kensal-green Cemetery, for which a sum not exceeding 501.
will be raised. The members of the committee subscribed
ten guineas towards the sum required, which will no doubt
the deyeased poet. be ver soon comlete d by the many friends and admirers of
c
THE PROTECTION PEERs. We a ,
that
informed, on au
thority which cannot be dsubted
17"eotehfteiforgde,ie
oinse cast."efte
The monopolist peers have had their the
another, and the issue is, that the
Lord Stanley, nmezerhe4terfiaodieenist
in
be resisted to the uttermost.
animal courage, and always forward when
itelifeiBMi n is-
done, has undertaken so to mutilate and mangle to be
mtopossible
committee that it will be quite i
terial measure in
for the free trade party in the House ore Commons
et, we confess, it when it is returned to them. Our gr
greater than our surprise at this information. Their Los;dis ships have
.always been tardy learners in the school of Iv' -
(Nu, and; therefore, we may not wonder at their preserving-
this characteristic of their order in the present instance
And what a-e they to gain by playing this dangerous game
with an irritated and angry people ? Or, rather, what may
they not lose by their appalling folly ? But, while such is
present intention of the Lords, Sir R. Peel, we are as-
sured, is resolute and determined on the subject. He has
It up his mind that he will take no measure but his own.
.i_is aut Calor aut nail with him. He will have all or none.
'ue monopolists must be prepared to form an Administration
t"bevfee a dissolution of Parliament in the very hour when
case give a mortal stab to his proposition. So stands the
in-eist present. We speak on the authority of one engaged
taYiug the game himself.—Liverpool Albion.
Mr, 1,, •
!tars, who has acquired so much of deserved
celebrit
Haney:. in the art of decorating houses, is removing from
manifest. street, where his indisputable taste was rendered so
and which superior to all his compeers, by its splendid front,
pate with .it is universally acknowledged hasnothing to com-
position .sit throughout London. Its chaste and classical corn-
on of . within, th the early Italian school of architecture, and
classic front Magazine and show-rooms are worthy of its
T
en_
~ The residence, No. 2, is also deserving the
Tuesda,"rment. It is. doomed to change hands next
barultejr: "
'lg the instruinentality of Mr. George Robins's
this beautifull the fashionable world are flocking daily to see
specimen of Mr. Fairs' handy-works.

THE BIRMINGHAM ATHENIC
INSTITUTE_ _ _ _

BIRMINGHAM, TUESDAY NIGHT.—The fifth anniver-
sary meeting of the Dirmingham Athenic Institute was
held in the Society's rooms, Great Charles-street, this
evening. The attendance was quite as numerous as last
year, although the number of distinguished patrons was
not so great as on the last occasion.
Lord J. Manners, M.P., as President of the Institute,
took the head of the table at dinner shortly after five
o'clock, and the cloth being removed, letters apologizing
for their absence were read from Lord Lyttelton, Sir
John Hanmer, M.P., Mr. Monckton Milnes, M.P., Mr.
Spooner, M.P., Mr. Dugdale, M.P., and Mr. Newdc-
gate, M.P.
Over the Noble President's chair were emblazoned the
mottos :—" Mens sana in corpore sano.
" So shall we live,
That everythought and every deed
May hold within itself the seed
Of future good and future need."
The Noble PRESIDENT proposed the health of "her
Majesty the Queen," which was vociferously
applauded,
Secre t proceededary
duringthe
lastread ,
t o the
rfarentpdmo rawtt
loiltfisethell°eint p"pr ed
ian thelnstitute'sprogress
that there had been 14 festivals
for cricket matches and various g) mnastic games and
athletic exercises.
Mr. TAYLOR now rose and seid he had great pleasure
in proposing the health of their President.—(Loud
cheers.) And he did so for one good reason. It was
not one of mere formality, of flattery, or ceremony, but
one which he felt convinced would be appreciated. by
every- heart in the present company. They owed him
a debt of love and gratitude which they never could'auf-
ficiently repay.—(Cheers.) lie knew the Noble Lord
had been put to considerable inconvenience in order to
attend that day ; that was a fact which ought to give
them all the greatest pleasure. They must all recollect
that, upon the last occasion, the Noble Lord had shown
the greatest interest in every minutiae relating to the suc-
cess and prosperity of their institute. They would recollect
the Noble Lord accompanying them to Bagley, where all
the dignity of rank was thrown aside, and he became,
as it were, one of them—(Cheers)—how each of them
felt at home with him, and free from that embarrass-
ment which was so generally felt when the higher came
in contact with the lower classes.—(Cheers.) He begged
leave to propose the health of their Noble President, Lord
John Manners.—(The toast was received with cheers.)
Lord J. MANNERS, in rising to acknowledge the toast,
said, he hardly knew how to find words to acknowledge
the kind and cordial manner in which his health had been
proposed by Mr. Taylor, and received by the company.
For the future, however, be should be more guarded in
his private talk at dinner table; but he could assure
them, that although that was the last day of hunting in
Leicestershire, had it been the first instead of the last,
he should have felt it his duty, in preference to all
amusements, however much he might be attached to
them, to be present on that occasion.—(Cheers.) His

friend, Mr. Taylor, had alluded to the advantages which
all classes derived from the festivities like the present;
but he (Lord J. Manners) might be permitted to say,
that the advantages derivable from such proceedings, in

his opinion, greatly preponderated in favour of the higher
classes.—(Cheers.) But be that as it might, he (Lord
J. Manners) was convinced that one of the greatest evils
of modern society—for the evil was not confined to
England—had been the gradual severance of the different
classes of society, and anything which brought them
together—anything which proved that they had a
common interest as they had a common de-
scent, and afterwards, as he hoped, the same ascent,
must of necessity confer the greatest and most
lasting benefit upon the entire community. The
Noble Lord concluded by saying he had had from the first a
deep interest in the success of the Athenic Institute of
Birmingham, that interest he should continue to feel,
and would by all means in his humble power strive to
improve it.—(Cheers.) He told them when he last oc-
cupied that chair, that he should have much preferred
that some gentleman of the neighbourhood should fill
the office of president—that he accepted it because no
gentleman of the neighbourhood appeared willing to do
so. He was happy, however, now to state that some
gentlemen of the county were now willing to, come
among them.—(Cheers.) And so it should be ; for he
thought the duties of the office would be best and more
efficiently discharged by some gentleman of more local
importance than himself. Therefore, elthough he then
held the office of president, he hoped soon to be sitting
amongst them, instead of occupying his present position,
He begged leave to thank them for the cordial manner
in which they had received him, and in return to drink
all their good healths.—(Cheers.)
Votes of thanks to the directors, committee, and to
gentlemen who, had presented the library with books,
succeeded ; and after each of these compliments followed
a variety of songs by members of the society, amongst
which may be mentioned " The Brave old Oak," " When
we went Gipsying," &c.

Lord J. SiAwN/4(E.RS then again presented himself, and
was received with great cheering. He commenced by
saying—lt is now more than two years since I had the
pleasure of presiding over your first dinner in this room,
and I think I may have the gratification of saying that
during that period the Athenic Institute has progressed
and flourished in a way almost equal to the anticipations
and hopes we then indulged in. Public approbation has
been stamped on the general principles which were
enunciated as those of the Institute—opposition and
cavilling have died away, enmity has been changed into
friendship, experience has enabled you to extend some
a the departments, and to curtail others of the Insti-
tute ; and I occupy the chair this evening to preside
over a far more rumerous assembly than was present
here on that former occasion. Well, then, gentlemen,
all honour, I say, to those young working men of Bir-
mingham who dared to be founders of such an institu-
tion, and who dared, against no little obloquy ar.d mis-
representation, to cherish the infant tree which now
gives rest and recreation to so many under its spreading
branches.—(Loud cheers.) I have said obloquy and
misrepresentation, and although they exist no longer;
and I would not willingly say anything here
which might induce an unpleasant reflection else-
where, still I cannot refrain from endeavouring to
find an excuse, if not a reason, for their former exist-
ence in Birmingham, and present continuance in many
other parts of the kingdom. The fact is, there are
many excellent people whose knowledge and ideas are
bounded by their own experience, and who dread the
slightest departure from the beaten track they have
ever trod, and who mistake all change, whether it be
the renovation of an old custom or the adoption of a
new one, for a revolutio2; thus, all work and no play
having become the characteristic of modern English in-
dustry, any, the slightest return to those heartier, more
just, more manly, and especially more English habits
and customs which acquired for our country the name
of merry England, was, and in many instances still is,
regarded by that very respectable class of modern
critics as a dangerous innovation, subversive of the
morals and industry of the people, and sure, in the long
run, to end in the destruction of Church and State.
Well, then, what should we do under these circum-
stances? We who felt convinced, on the other hand, that
unless, as wealth among the few was rapidly increasing,
its enjoyment by the many increased also, society was
becoming more and more disorganised;—what were we
who felt thus to do—to sit still under that senseless cla-
mour, and allow the dull machinery of acquisition with-
out a wholesome pause of joyous check to go grinding
on year after year, paralysing the limbs, cramping
the energies, deadening the affections, darkening the
souls of our toiling millions? No— what have we done?
Why, we have shown without parade without unneces-
sarily shocking those prejudices I have alluded to, seizing
owfh tnegviearn
do!) opportunities t uwnoi trike ss were a ffaonrdd esdo us,readily, t h a theean
standpeople
the trial of a few days' holiday
hard
in the course. of. the year,
bowling down of the pillars of nnfosttat necessarily c
andes sa r
thaty
that a cricket match doe
dance need not en(cloiheerat! imply
yillatghee
.eoff the crown from her
in Birmingham, and yoluramex
Majesty's head.—
a surem sl
You have shown this
that
has been and is fol-
lowed elsewhere ; and
gss
trwas
to ?•oli as well as
to me it is a matter of sincere con
prejudice,tl grad
alndispersion
variousof those mists congratulation Hatch
, to restore to money-gettingd.
different parts of the kingdom are made
people of England some small portion of that time to re-
mwaorkeinign
creation which, in other days. was their undoubted
right ; for don't let us suppose that ours is a mere
isolated attempt—isolated, indet d, it was—in its concep-
tion and action ; but it is only one among a many links
of a great chain of social progress. Recollect my excellent
friend, Sir John Hanmer, at our former dinner, two years
ago, mentioned
what
reaspsented by
then going on at Kg,
in st
upon-Hull, the
placeof the
iend.
It was a movement then going on in my
lion.
fauour F
was
shortening of the hours of labour and the earlier closing of
l has that movement since be-
come,shops. Well, how general has
as it wasn my opinion on the
Factory Bill, defeated i success. The Ten Hours'
and with what general
and its sun sink
that the com-
mercemo of England would be destroyst insulting and ludicrous grounds, viz.,
k donly ten
Bill, however, is
hours in the day—(Cheers)—that
in darkness if people in the factories
worked e
Birmingham on
—(C h eers.) Yes, you artisans of
now upon the eve, I believe, of being passed into law.
the artisans of
this question rightly sympathise with
districts, too, a great advance has been maadn
Manchester and Stockport.—(Cheers.) In t_h_bee rura
has been again erected in Kent,rural
and I look
manly games are fostered and encouraged,
ed. cricket may-
poleand
forward, in the course of a few weeks, to be present at a
festive meeting of three rural villages, where after the
service of the church by those who wish it, the rest of
the day will be spent under the walls of my father's
castle in manly games and harmless merriment, and I do
not despond of being able in a few years to say with
the poet—
" How often have I blessed the coming day,
When toil remitting lent its turn to play,
And all the village train from labour free
Led up their sports beneath the spreading tree,
While many a pasture, circled in the shade,
The young contending, as the old surveyed"—(Cheers.)
Why do I reftr to these things? Because they ail
emanate from the same source as your society, and our
present meeting spring from, because they all form part
of the great indignant protest of English nature—that
English workmen are machines, and may be treated as
such. But, though I have sp -ken in rather a triumphant
tone, I feel I must not suppose that the battle is won;
and that henceforward all the employers of labour will
vie with each other in provid.ng tunes and means of
leisure and recreation for their labours.—(Hear, hear.)
Political economy has still many abstract votaries; and
it rests mainly with you, and with societies like yours,
to show that the sobriety, morals, intelligence, aye, and
the industry too of the people is promoted by a fair
mixture of recreation, leisure, and amusements with
their time of tel and labour. A day's recreation per-
verted and disgraced by immorality or drunkenness may
do much to retard that onward movement which we take
so much pride in contemplating, and give a handle to our
opponents; although nott.ing could be more unfair than
to argue, that because the people are so unaccustomed to
a holiday that they misuse it when it is offered them,

therefore they are unworthy of it.—(Cheers.) Were
the gentlemen of your society confined to this one object
of prov iding its members with manly and vigorous re-
creatio u, I should deem it well worthy the support of
not ri y—
thee rdy
Eonngel
stho
chwahr oamc t e
rt hi es
dferlea' aenrrky. —llll:(svCseharenedorfsil shßncueots us
such is not the case ; the old
Roman satirist's prayer has furnished you with a motto
for your society—
" Mens sans in corpore sane;"
and so, it ought to be. A sound mind and sound body is
your joint object, and Well and wisely, in my opinion,
have you determined on that union, for to those actively
engaged in the pursuits of honourable industry the ad-
diti,an of literary labour, unless cheered and brightened
by invigorating exercise, cannot but be burdensome and
enervating ; but by this wise tempering of work with
play, and both with intellectual study, and all under the
mastery of religion, how ennobling becomes the life of
an English artisan. His is the hopeful soul, the elastic
step, the contented mind, the cheerful heart. To him
the manly games and the manly literature of his ances-
tors rea open and accessible, and while enjoying the
pure air or gazing on the green beauty of some English
valley, or drinking in " the thoughts that breathe and
words that burn' of some English master of song,
then, indeed, may he bless God that his lot has been
cast in a land of revealed religion, equal laws, ancestral
fame, and sterling qualities.—(Cheers.) Such it
pleases me to think is your case. Yours it has
been to wander through the shades where your Shak-
spore learnt to warble his native wood notes wild,
and to enjoy the effects of his marvellous genius.
Yours it has been to strain the agile limb in
the classic grounds of Hagley, and gaze on the
scenes that fascinated a Thomson and a ShenstonP, while
contending in the games with a Lord-Lieutenant and a
Doctor of Court Iyaw. Well, gentlemen, they may call
us what they please, those dry philosophers, those party
politicians, we will pursue the tenor of our way, lighten-
ing the toil, elevating the tastes, giving vigour and
health to the frames of the working youths of Birming-
ham. You on the one hand may be told that the county
gentlemen, the aristocracy of England, are a haughty,
cold-hearted set of oppressors, who study only their own
interests and pleasure, and care not for the poor; and
we, an the other hand, may be assured that the working
millions of England, unless kept grinding at the mill of
labour, watched by policemen, and debarred from all
manly and intellectual enjoyments, will tear this ancient
monarchy to pieces, and shiver society to fragments.
But, gentlemen, we will take care to disbelieve both stories;
we will place confidence in cur fellow Englishmen; we
will look back with pride to the past—to the great deeds
the peasants and peers and merchants of England did in
common; we will take delight in the glorious literature of
other days, which, like the sun, shines upon all; we will
do, to the best of our power, our various duties in
these days of care and fretfulness, and we will look
forward to the future with hope and confidence fir our
common country, and with humble reliance on God's
mercy for our hereafter. Away, gentlemen, I would
say, with the cant which would have us believe that all
old feelings are dead, all English sympathies extin-
guished, all natural affections chilled. There is not a
sequestered nook in the lakes of Cumberland, in the
mines of Cornwall, in the dim, close, hot alleys of Man-
chester or Southwark, in the smoky streets of your own
Birmingham, in which the gallant, trustful, manly,
English spirit, is dead. Be it ours, then, to call it forth,
to exercise it, and through it, to carry this tight little
island of ours through all straits, through all dangers ;
and this, gentlemen, rely upon it we can do if we will.

For times and seasons though they change and customs pass away,
Yet English hearts and English hands will prove old England's sway;
And though our coffers mayn't be tilled, as they were wont of yore,
We still have hands to light, if need, and hearts to help the peon"
The Noble Lord resumed his seat amidst loud cheers.

Other toasts were then drank, and the dinner party
did not break up until near eleven o'clock.
A ball succeeded, and the dance was kept up until a
late hour.

THE OREGON QUESTION.

FROM THE MORNING PAPERS OF THIS DAY.

TIMES.—The proceedings in Congress down to the
close of March, when the Hibernia sailed from Boston,
have very little of a pacific character, and that little is
purely negative. All that can be said is, that the notice
for the termination of the Oregon has not been given,
and will not be given without considerable deliberation;
and, meanwhile, doubts have sprung up in many quarters
whether the abrogation of the convention is not calcu-
lated to defeat rather than to promote the one great ob-
ject of the acquisition of the whole Oregon territory.
Mr. Calhoun's policy of inaction has made converts. It
would assuredly be by far the safest course for the
United States and the most embarrassing to this country,
if it were not in our own power to put an end to the state
of suspense on our side. The termination of the debate
in Congress on the resolutions is of little importance;
since it is evident that if the notice be not given, on the
ground that a "masterly inactivity" is the only mode
of acquiring a footing for Americans in the valley
of the Columbia, the British Cabinet will be bound
by the plainest considerations of interest and duty to
give the notice and terminate the convention in the name
of the Queen of England. Mr. Polk, however, is fully
resolved not to leave this duty to devolve upon the Eng-
lish Government if he can help it. He not only declares
his strong conviction that the notice should be promptly
given ; but he accompanies his recommendation, con.
tained in a special message, by the first proposal which
can be construed into an admission of the probability of
war. We have no disposition to express either surprise
or displeasure at the declaration of the American Exe-
cutive that an increase of the naval and military force
of the United States is at this time required ; for such
an increase hhs'obviously been required ever since Mr.
Polk and his immediate predecessor adopted a line of
policy so well calculated to embroil them with their
neighbours. But if Mr. Polk has thought fit to imitate
the language of the Queen's speech and the propo-
sals of the English Government with respect to
increased means of defence and of warfare, we wish
that he had also adopted the strong expressions which
have invariably been used in the official language of
this country—expressions not more strong, however,
then siccere--in favour of the settlement of the contro-
versy by negotiation. The amount of the proposed in-
crease in the naval and military estimates of the United
States has not been stated with precision. A couple of
regiments of sharpshooters, and an addition of ten men
to each company in the line, or about 700 men to the
whole army, are not very important matters in a dis-
pute involving a boundless territory, and carried on by
two great States. In the position of Mr. Polk and of
the American Government, to do a little in the way of
defence is worse than to do nothing. The President
must be prepared to call upon Congress to supply the
funds and means of war to an amount equal to the whole
of the present revenue of the Union, or he must by a
prompt negotiation insure the duration of peace. The de-
bate on the resolution for the notice, which has already
lasted for more than six weeks, has, after all, no real bear-
ing on the main question at issue. The sooner the
notice is given, the better for both countries; and we
regret that it did not arrive by this steamer. The state
of the relations between the United States and Mexico
had already had considerable effect on the distribution
of the military resources of Mr. Polk's Government.
Two-thirds of the American army are concentrated on
the southern frontier, for the annexation of Texas at
once imposed a fresh daty of great extent on the federal
troops. They appear to have occupied not only the
province, but the disputed territory lying between the
river Nuces and the Rio Bravo del Norte; in this terri-
tory Matamoras is situated, and the last accounts re-
ceived (though not by the way of the United States)
state that the American troops had expelled the Mexi-
can Custom-house officers, and probably got possession
of that place. If so, the two republics are in a state of
war. At the :other extremity of the Union, Lord
Cathcart's speech at the opening of the Canadian Legis-
lature breathes a hearty spirit of loyalty and confidence,
which will be responded to throughout the North Ame-
rican possessions of the British Crown, as well
as in the mother country. To the most com-
plete confidence in the military and naval power of
England, of which such signal proofs have recently
been given in other parts of the globe, we may justly
add a full reliance on the courage and spirit of the
colonial dependencies of this great empire. To the
western islands England has given the freedom of the
negro, to the northern provinces of America the benefits
of a free, united, and patriotic Government. As long
as the Oregon question remained in the vague regions of
sophistry and abstraction, the indifference and remote-
ness of this country might give the Americans an ap-
parent, though unreal advantage. But from the moment
that it comes to be dealt with practically, theimmeasura-
ble superiority of the executive powers and resources of
this country will be instantly manifested. Mr. Polk's
oncepwr orp waa
sl
deprivedef oorn contemplated
nmhincreaseby
yf ot
the
eit
sheG pretextoAv Government;
trmhi ceaantntn;of oit
it has
cihneasgs hl
giaksi
ve
ea
nat
the American people a full warning of the real effects of
this policy; and it enables us to urge upon the Ministers
of the Crown the imperious necessity of conduct so
prompt and resolute as to bring the whole controversy
to an equitable and honourable termination. We have
far less to apprehend from action than from delay.
CHRONICLE.—Mr. Calhoun is carrying his prin-
ciples against his will. It is clear that his doctrines will
tihsehcisonovebjnetciot.n
si Ilia objectisto
be the winning ones. His very opponents will verify
swamp the Oregon and American immigranhts,htobwaiiti
sine dieTo pleoalivcey
until the Columbia be a Mississippi, to match will be attained. To
to China in American
Astoria, to send sea-otter skins
monarchical names of King
bottoms, to hear the old
of a New Orleans on the Pacific side, to. beholdat.c the
second.it
George's Sound and Admiralty Inlet exchanged for the
national appellations of Hannegan Harbour or Calhoun
Alps, and
Cut, to compare the Rocky Mountains to the _
those that cross them to the Carthagenians, to make
n Isle of Wight—these nationalities, and the like of
Clatsop Point a Selsea Bill, and the Sandwich Islands
athem, form the nationality of Mr. Calhoun. We repeat
that he will realise them. Fortunately for England,
the Oregon question is not one that bears pal-
pably upon the great commercial interests of the
nation. If felt much in Liverpool, it is compa-
ratively uninfluential in London. The latitude of
Greenwich is untouched by it. Let then the talk go on.
All it engenders is reaction ; and the best proof of British
claims is the American arguments against them. An
iu pleasant *notice has to be given in a courteous manner
—a matter no easier for nations than for individuals.
And here there is as much room for direct opposition in
respect to the principle, as there is for refinement in re-
gard to details. At the present moment, whilst one
senator proposes that the notice shall be accompanied
with a qualification in favour of negotiation and compro-
mise, another enlarges upon the omission of the compro-
mise. There are delacies here. There are difficulties
with Mr. Polk. It was a matter of surprise to the
friends of the gifted Lord Bolingbroke to observe the
extent to which he separated the gentleman from the
statesman, the individual from the politician, the man Of
pleasure from the man of business, the intriguer in love
from the intriguer in politics, the friend of Pope from the

hater of Harley, the sceptical philosopher from the bigoted
Tory. The fact was that, in continental phraseology, he
was not a man but a system—not a monad but a dualism.
Mr. Polk is the same. The planter of Tennessee is one thing
the President of the United States another. Greater
than Brutus, who merged the father in the magistrate,
he can effect an isolation of his own presidential self. So
doing, he is the greatest public character of modern
times—Sheridan's Governor of the Tower only excepted.
The realities of the question in its present state are
peaceful. Mr. Webster is committed to the 49th degree,
but allows himself a large margin. An island or inlet
more or less, and the permanent or temporary navigation
of the Columbia, he thinks of less importance than the
preservation of peace. And that rightly. Upon the
great sine gut( non, the absolute abandonment of all parts
north of 49, he insists. Nevertheless, his policy is rather
the sine die policy of Mr. Calhoun than aught definitive.
The message of the President, in answer to the Senate
upon the extent to which the defences of the Republic
should be increased, is general and indefinite —such a
one as Polonius would have given in Denmark.
Mr. Sevier's speech is a good measure of the re-action
from the patriotism of the whole Orcgon men.
POST.—Our libellers used to say that the way to a
Briton's heart was through his breeches pocket. If we
are to believe Americans, the readiest way of corrupting
an American is by the gratification of his palate. What
a notion ! Here is Lord Palmerston eating and drinking
with every public man in Paris, in order to prevent the
accession of a Whig Ministry
to office being the signal
of an European war ! And here is Mr. Pakenham try-
ing to gull the United States out of the Oregon territory
by feasting Senators at the British Embassy in Wash-
ington. Esau sold his heritage for a mess of potage,
but your senators of Congress, we are told by your
United States " patriots," expect something better as
the price of their perfidy. Just mark the Message of
the President, intelligence of which was brought us by
the newly arrived mail from Boston What is his Ex-
cellency's answer? Simply that the United States must
arm because Britain is arming, and because he, the Pre-
sident, in his wisdom, chooses to fancy that possibly the
arming of Great Britain may have reference to a source
of difference now open between her and the United
States ! Now this we should call admirable fooling, if
we did not believe it to be something worse. The facts,
as far as our own country is concerned, are no-
torious. First, we are not making, as the President says,
unusual and ordinary armaments and warlike prepara-
tions." We are certainly in some degree increasing the
strength of our army, at present insufficient to furnish
proper relief to such of our troops as are engaged in co-
lonial duty. We have large colonies, too long neglected,
to attend to, and we are now beginning to attend to
them. We have a prospect of prolonged hostilities in
our Asiatic dominions, or at the very least a necessity
for the presence for some time of a powerful force in
those countries. We are not willing that the improve-
' ment of the marine strength of other European countries
should enable them to wrest from us the maritime supre-
macy we have for two hundred years possessed; and
therefore warily are we looking after our navy. The
defences of our coast, reared at great cost, have by cul-
pable negligence been suffered to sink into shameful
decay, and these we are now restoring. The doing of
such things alarms the President of the United States,
and he considers that the doing of such things autho-
rises his assuring the Senate that " the foreign relations"
of the United States require at this time an increase of
" the naval" and " military force." " Truth," says the
Jewish proverb, " walks on two feet—a lie limps with
one." We never met with a lamer assertion than this of
King Polk. Of course the convention was intended only
as a temporary expedient, and, of course, a permanent
arrangement ought, ere now, to have been effected. It
is, however, a fact that this has not been effected; and
we* say it is "to be regarded as a warlike measure,"
this proposed termination of the convention, anterior to
arrangements available to the same end. Are we to be
bullied into an abandonment of the country? We think
this is the English of it, and the American too.
HERALD.—We published yesterday, and repeat to-
day, the most important news that has yet reached this
country from America since the date of the notorious
Message. Sir R. Peel's cloud in the west, despite of the
advantages which the ruin of our North American colo-
nies must offer, is beginning to assume a darker and
more angry character. We do not 'deny that there are
symptoms of wavering exhibited by. Mr. Polk's late
Message, warlike though it be in terms ; but, owing in
part to the vacillating policy of the British Government,
partly to the extravagant pretensions of the American
war faction, the 'affair has become so entangled as to
leave slender hopes of a peaceful adjustment of the dis-
pute, except, indeed, by an unqualified retractation of
Mr. "Polk's claim, an event which can hardly be ex-
pected. Mr. Polk and, his party, by their bluster and
absurd pretensions, have, we fear, committed America to
adopting a certain course ; and though the bullies them-
selves may be rendered manageable enough, the honest
and patriotic portion of the people will be disinclined to
allow any compromise of the national honour. We would
fain hope, however, that the American people, as dis-
tinguished from the Government, will not feel them-
selves bound to support the extravagance of the
President ; and we are glad to find from the debate
in the Senate, that a sense of justice is seemingly
beginning to resume its sway over the public 'mind in
America. A very short time since the more moderate
of the Ministerialists fixed the line of partition at the
parallel 54 40 ; but Mr. Haywood, Mr. Archer, and Mr.
Sevier are now content to limit' the American title to
all south of parallel 49. This is, doubtless, a good be-
ginning, but it remains to be seen whether the President,
before war actually thunders at his doors, will have the
sense to follow the wholesome example that has been
set. We must not omit to mention the proposal of Mr.
Webster (ever the friend of peace, when it can be ho-
nourably maintained) to constitute parallel 49 the divi-
sional line, leaving the navigation of the Columbia River
open to both countries for a limited period, in order to
give time for the final adjustment of the adverse claims.
Should this plan be adopted, it would probably avert
hostilities for the present. Meanwhile we cannot dis-
guise from ourselves that the main guarantee which we
hold for the peaceful disposition of America is her in-
ability, or at least her present unfitness, to go to war.
The President has recommended an addition to the na-
val and military strength of the country, and the esti-
mates for making the addition to the navy contemplated
are very considerable. An outlay of 30,000,000 of dol-
lars will be required for putting the navy alone in a
condition to meet the contingency
of war. This esti-
mate, we think, affords cogent reasons, and such as are
appreciable by the American people, for avoiding, or at
least deferring war until Sir IL Peel shall have supplied
them with British gold in exchange for their super-
fluous corn. Upon the whole, however, war seems less
likely than heretofore.

DAILY NEWS.—Last week we were all at peace.
Mr. Polk's dear friend, Mr. Heywood was denouncing
the frenzied fools who would have 54.40., and who de-
clared the President tied to it, This week we hear Mr.
Polk himself dispatching a very warlike message to the
Senate ; at least, a message insisting on the necessity of
very warlike preparations. And we hear of greater
fluctuation and more depressed prices in the money
market, and of anxiety on both sides of the Channel.
We do not, however, find anything very menacing or
formidable in Mr. Polk's note of war. On the contrary,
we see much in it that is calculated to contribute to
peace. As a preparation for actual and immediate war,
the idea of adopting the plan of the American Secre-
tary of the Navy for building future fleets is quite
burlesque ; and whether the frigates are to be increased
from ten to forty, and the war steamers from two
to the same witching number of forty, is a matter of
consideration for 1849, net for the present summer of
1846. We cannot but do Mr. Polk the justice to say,
that however he may have attempted to intimidate us
by big words in this dispute, he has not had recourse
to any more serious or more material species of inti-
midation. His policy seems to have been to wring
the most from us at the least possible expense. He an-
nexed Texas, scarcely fitting out a ship. And he has
conquered the better half of the Oregon without raising
a regiment. He has relied on our horror of war to
make us retreat to the utmost limits which honour and
unambitious interests permit; and he has not failed; for
the opinions of the English public have been driven to
approve of concessions, which a year ago opinion would
not have sanctioned. The 49th degree is now the cry
on both sides of the Atlantic, and if we insist that it
should continue through the straits, not through Van-
couver's Island, the Americans cannot make much diffi•
culty. The Columbia river remains, as we always de-
clared it to be, the true stumbling-block. If we give up
both banks of the Columbia, we must give up the final
right to trade. It would be preposterous making such
mthateesp yr
eoeptlhee or therefore
cannot
Government of' this country. They are rather drawn up
e
stipulation with such a people as the Americans. On
the whole, we see nothing in the President's late Mes
sage to warrant the conclusion that he is disinclined to a
compromise and to negotiate on the terms of the 49th
degree ocfonlastiidteurdea. s Hdirectedis
in array against political foes on his own side of the At.
lantic; many of whom seem indifferent to war or peace,
except as they can be made subservient to party intrigues
and personal ambition. warlike
aga iensstti

, one i
The Duke of Devonshire, and a family circle, are on
a visit to the Earland Countess Granville, at Aldenham-park.
THE LATE FATAL ACCIDENT AT HUNGERFORD PIER.
—Yesterday afternoon an inquest was held at the Griffin,
Villiers-street, Strand, before Mr. Bedford, Coroner for West-
minster, and sixteen jurors, on view of the body of John'
Fowell, aged 41, late cook at Simpson's Tavern Cornhi
of the unfortunate persons drowned by the falling
ollf, t
platform at Hungerford Pier on Saturday last. 151 r. Flade-
gate, solicitor to the Hungerford-market Company; M
Shaw, fro:n the office of Mr. Curtis, solicitor to the elm • n-gr.
cross Bridge Company; and a gentleman from the office of
Mr. Gasgrove, solicitor to the widow of deceased, were
re-
sent to watch the proceedings. The jury, baying 113)een
sworn, repaired to view the body, which lay at St. Martin's
workhouse, and afterwards to inspect the floating barges or
pier at Hungerford, and also the flat or platform from
Which
the staple was drawn and chain disconnected, which caused
the flat which connected the two barges to shift, and throw
deceased and others into the river. The jury having made a
close inspection, after the absence of nearly an hour returned
and heard the evidence. The Coroner summed up at eight
o'clock, and the jury, after upwards of one hour's delibera-
tion, returned the following verdict:—" We find that the
deceased John Fowell met his death accidentally, owing to
the imperfect construction of the connecting platform of the
two floating barges forming part of the Hungerford Pier, with
a deodand of 50/. on the said connecting platform.,,
MISTAKEN IDENTITY.—Yesterday, in the Secondaries
Court, a case of mistaken identity occurred in an action
brought by an attorney against a baker for his bill of costs.
Two witnesses, called for the plaintiff (a clerk and an ac-
countant), stated that they had seen the defendant on seve-
ral occasions, and pointed out a person in court whom they
stated to be the defendant. The person so pointed out stated
on his oath that he was not the defendant. The defendant
then made his appearance, and both the witnesses for the
plaintiff acknowledged that they had mistaken the party.
There was no similarity between the parties—one was bald-
headed and the other had plenty of hair. One of the wit-
nes:,es stated that lie had seen the defendant twice, and the
QUO four times. The jury found for the plaintiff; - -

COURT CIRCULAR,
WINDSOR, WEDNESDAY. - The Queen and Prince
Albert took their accustomed early walk in the grounds
around the Castle.
His Royal Highness Prince Albert rode out this fore-
now, attended by Lieut.-Colonel Seymour.
Her Majesty the Queen Dowager arrived at the Castle
this afternoon on a visit to her Majesty and the Prince
Consort. His Serene Highness the Hereditary Prince
of Saxe Meiningen also arrived on a visit to her Ma-
jesty. The Earl and Countess Howe, Sir Andrew Bar-
nard, and Sir David Davies were in the suite of the
Queen Dowager ; and the Baron de Reitzenstein was in
attendance on the Hereditary Prince.
The Earl of Aberdeen arrived at the Castle to-day on
a visit to the Queen.
Their Royal Highnesses the Prince of Wales and
the Princess Royal took their morning exercise on the
Ea3tern Terrace. The Royal Family have all been out
on their ponies this afternoon.
The royal dinner party at the Castle this evening will
include her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent, his
Serene Highness Prince Edward of Saxe Weimar, Lady
Augusta Bruce, and Baroness de Speth.
The band of the Grenadier Guards will attend during
dinner.
Her Majesty's private band will afterwards attend
in the Castle.

Her Majesty the Queen Dowager, accompanied by
his Serene Highness the Hereditary Prince of Saxe
Meiningen, and attended by the Earl and Countess
Howe, Sir Andrew Barnard, and Sir David Davies, left
her residence, Marlborough House, Pall-mall, at three
o'clock yesterday afternoon, for Windsor Castle, on a
visit to the Queen. Baron de Reitzenstein attended the
Hereditary Prince of Meiningen. His Serene Highness
Prince Edward of Saxe Weimar accompanied the Queen
Dowager from town to Windsor, and afterwards pro-
ceeded to join his regiment. The illustrious party left
town in two carriages and four.
His Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge visited
her Royal Highness the Duchess of Gloucester on Tues-
day, at Gloucester House.

Count de St. Aulaire, the French Ambassador, trans-
acted business yesterday at the Foreign-office.
The Earl of Aberdeen left town yesterday afternoon
for Windsor Castle on a visit to her Majesty.
Dispatches were received yesterday at the Colonial-
office from the Governor-General of Canada, and also
from the Governor of the other North American pro-
vinces.

HOLIDAY VISITORS TO THE
UNITED SERVICE INSTITUTION.

The Secretary of the United Service Institution is
much gratified in being able to inform the Editor of
The Sun, that although nearly 3,500 persons of all
classes have visited the Museum during the Easter holi-
days, no injury of any kind has been sustained. This is
the more creditable to the maligned British public, from
the circumstance that a great number of models and
delicate articles are unprotected by glass, as the Museum
is arranged for private exhibition to the members and
their immediate friends.
Whitehall-yard, April 15, 1846.

SPORTING INTELLIGENCE.
NEWMARKET, TUESDAY SIGHT.
The following are a few particulars of the race for the
Newmarket Handicap, of which the return only was
forwarded from the heath :
NEWMARKET HANDICAP.—The race was fixed for a
quarter before five, and exactly at that time the horses
were conducted to the post, and started, the whole lot
getting off in such close array, that for the first fifty or
sixty yards nothing can be said to have made running.
The lead was then taken up by the Marquis of Conyng-
ham, attended by Chemise, Little Vulgar Boy, Elemi,
and at least a dozen others, right and left, in one unbroken
line, most of the heavy weights lying away on the left,
Keshing overpaced, being absolutely last. That the
speed, although too much for Keshing, Queen of Tyne,
and some others, was not great, was proved by the close
order in which the first ruck continued the race to the
bushes, Elemi, Wee Pet, Chemise, and one or two others,
here gave way, nor did Arthur's colours remain much
longer in front. The Marquis of Conyngham still car-
ried on the running with Little Vulgar Boy, the Pet
colt, Beaumont, Wolf-dog, Alamode, and several others
laid up, and so they came round the turn ; Queen of
Tyne and Akbar then drew towards them ; Kesheng
also was getting through his horses, and the three gra-
dually mending their position, headed the light division
half a distance from home, the Queen leading, Akbar
second, and Kesheng third. The race was left to this
trio, Kesheng, by gameness only, reaching the mare
half way up the cords, and finally beating her by a
length, with nothing to spare ; Akbar third, about
two lengths from the winner ; Little Vulgar Boy was
fourth, Marquis of Conyngham fifth, and the Pet colt
sixth. Captain Flathooker broke down. The winner
was never mentioned in the betting, and, we believe, was
not backed even in private for more than ten or fifteen
pounds.

The company on the heath included—His Royal
Highness Prince George of Cambridge ; Duke of Bed-
ford; Duke of Rutland; Lords—Stradbroke, Albemarle,
Shelburne, Foley, G. Bentinck, Sandwich, Duncannon,
Suffield, Charles Manners, George Manners, Brownlow
Cecil, Chesterfield, Milltown, Newport, Edward Russell,
Frederick Fitzroy, Wilton, Somerton, Godolphin, Sidney
Osborne, Charles Fitzroy, Maidstone, Thomas Cecil,
Spencer, William Powlett; Ladies—Albemarle, Chester..
field, Newport, and the Hon. Mrs. Anson; Sirs—M.
Farquhar, J. Hawley, W. W. Wynn, W. bon, Cotton,
and R. Bulkeley; Honourables—G. Fitzroy, Colonel
Anson, H. Pitt, J. Macdonald, H. Forrester, Francis
Villiers, H. Rous, Admiral Powlett, Boyce, S. Little-
ton, General and Mrs. Grosvenor, Colonels Peel and
Hornby; Messrs.—C. Greville, Payne, Batson, Wigram,
S. Stanley, S. Graham, M. Campbell, Cox, Newton,
Nevill, R. Clifton, Bruce, Cuthbert, Shelley, H. Des
Veux, Goddard, Lowther, Magennis, Ives Cromraelin,
Higgins, G. H. Moore, Ramsbottom, Towneley, H.
, Blair
Greene, Thornhill, Lloyd, Brooke, Gully, Free-
stun, Drinkald, &c., &c.

WEDNESDAY'S RACES.
Sweepstakes of 200 sous. each, h ft, colts, Bst 71b ; fillies
Bst 21b. R.M. (7 Subs.)
Colonel Anson's lago
Lord Exeter's Jar c, by Colwick. out of Galata

4 to 1 on lago.
The Galata colt cut out the work at a good pace, the
favourite lying off a couple of lengths to the hill, he
then took his place, challenged a few lengths from the
chair, and won by half a length.
Subscription Plate of 50L, for three-year-oldt, 7st ; four,
Bst 71b P • five, 9st ; six and aged, 9st 21b. T.Y.
Lord Stradbroke's Idas (Robins) 1
Colonel Peel's Garry Owen 2
Colonel Wyndham's Brainless
Lord Chesterfield's Javelin 4
Lord George Bentinck's Discord
Betting-7 to 4on Idas, 3to 1 against Garry Owen.
Brainless made running at a great pace to the cords,
where it was taken up by Idas, who carried it on to the
end, and won easy by a length, Garry Owen beating
Brainless as far.
The Column Stakes of 50 sous. each, h ft, for three-years-
old colts, Bst 71b ; fillies, Bst 41b. R.M.
Colonel Anson's lago (allowed 3 lbs) (F. Butler) 1
Mr. Wall's The Crown Prince (allowed slbs) 2
Lord Stradbroke's Lynceus 3
The following were not placed :—Colonel Peel's
Samphire, Colonel Anson's Turpin, Lord Albemarle's
Smuggler Bill, Lord Albemarle's Radulphus.
Betting-2 to 1 agst Lord Albemarle's two-5 to 2
agst Lynceus-4 to 1 agst lago-5 to 1 agst Samphire.
Turpin took the lead, followed by lago, the others
lying up, with the exception of the Crown Prince, who
laid off. They ran in this way to the bushes, where
lago took up the running, followed by Lynceus, Crown
Prince, and Smuggler Bill ; Crown Prince came at the
last and looked very like winning, but ran out at the
last and was beaten by half a length, Crown Prince
beating Lynceus by a head; Smuggler Bill a bad fourth.
CHESTER CUP.-15 to 1 each offered against Wea-
therbit and Sweetmeat, and 20 to 1 taken about Polish.
No change in the Derby.
(RECEIVED THIS DAY.)
NEWMARKET, WEDNESDAY NIGHT.
ENTRIES FOR THURSDAY.
Subscription Plate of 501. D.M.
Ajax, aged—Kliorassan, 6 yrs—Jenny Wren, 4 yrs—
Potent, 4 yrs—Sir Francis, 4 yrs—Rowland Hill, 4 yrs—
Sharp-shooter, 3 yrs—Piet Whitefoot, 3 yrs—Brother to
Valentissimo, 3 yrs—Prospect, 3 yrs—Peasant, 3 yrs.
Handicap. A.F.
Minotaur, 6 yrs, Bst 121b—Coranna, aged, Bst 101b—So-
rella, 5 yrs, Bst 21b—Jenny Wren, 4 yrs, 6st 131b—Colleen
Bawn, 4 yrs, Est Sib—Petit Morceau, 4 yrs, 6st 61b.
LATEST BETTING.
C n .
-0a
tsot
1 Waegastth
Pe rebtiitt—mlos re to
Morceau
l agat
(aog-
-2,000 GUINEAS STAKES.-3 to 1 agst Tom Tulloch-4 tel
1
agst lago.
40CtiotEs1T:tCcUrrim.—.
15t g
Sweetmeat-20 to 1 agst Polish-40 to 1 agst Magnet--
2,000 to 40 agst Connaught Ranger (t).
SOMERSETSIIIRE HANDICAP.-5 to 1 agat Lord Saltoun-
6to 1 agst Intrepid-8 to 1 agst Queen of Tyne-10 to 1
agst Giantess (t)-10 to 1 agst Newcourt.
DERBY.-3 to 1 agst Scott's lot-9 to 2 agst Sting-10 to
1 agst Tom Tulloch-16 to 1 agst Brocardo (t)-20 to 1
agat The Traverser (t)-25 to 1 agst lago (t)-30 to 1 agst
Spithead-30 to 1 apt Tibthorpe-30 to 1 agst Humdrum-
-35 to 1 agst Phenericus.

EXCLUSION of FOREIGNERS from the TRADE
and FISHERIES of the DANISH COLONIES in
GREENLAND.
Office of Committee of Privy Council for Trade,
Whitehall, April 14, 1846.
Sir,—lt having been notified to her Majesty's Govern-
ment by the Danish Minister at this Court that foreigners
are excluded by the Danish laws from the trade and
fisheries of the Danish colonies in Greenland, I am,
therefore, directed by the Lords of the Committee of
Privy Council for Trade to communicate the same to
you for the information of the Committee for managing
the affairs of Lloyd's, with a view to its being made public.
I am, Sir, your obedient servant,
(Signed) JOHN LEFEVRE.
Wm. Dobson, Esq., Secretary, Lloyd's.

'RURY- LANE THEATRE.—The charming Anna Thillon
appears here this evening in the character of Catarina in
Auber's opera of Les Diamans de la Couronne—a part she
has made exclusively her own. A huge case of jewellery
was yesterday cleared at the Custom-house, which turned
out to be the veritable " Crown Jewels," manufactured in
Paris, and worn by her on this occasion.
Bninsa SHIPWRECKS.—The National Life Boat So-
ciety estimate, from authentic sources, that the number of
British vessels yearly destroyed by shipwreck is GOO, the
value of property about 2,500,000/. sterling, and the number
of lives lost to be about 1,560.
EXTRAORDINARY TROTTING CHALLENGE. A chal-
lenge has been made that an American horse can be produced
to trot the respective distances of seventeen miles, eighteen
miles, and nineteen miles an hour, on three consecutive days,
for a stake of 500 dollars on each day's performance. There
is no instance on record of any Lome ever trotting more than
eighteen miles in one hour

NAVAL INTELLIGENCE.
PORTSMOUTH, WEDNESDAY.—The Retribution steam-
frigate, Captain Lushington, came into harbour from
Spithead yesterday afternoon to clear out previous to
being docked. This vessel and the Terrible being in
harbour, afforded an opportunity for inspecting both
vessels too valuable to let slip ' • we accordingly embraced
it this morning, and we found the " man-of-war" quali-
ties of each vessel differed as much as their outward
appearances; In a word, the Terrible is the " man-of-
war ;" she carries upon her upper deck 8 guns, 56
pounders, 11 feet long, and weighing 98 cwt. each ; on
her main deck 8 guns, 68-pounders, 65 cwt. each; 3 boats'-
guns, and 1 field-piece ; total 20, and can stow 520 tons
of coal and three months' provisions with perfect ease.
She is, besides, not less than eight feet between decks.
The Retribution has only 10 guns (so we were informed
to-day on board, nor could we count any more), albeit
a " Naval Officer" has addressed a letter to us com-
plaining of our statement of that among other facts
as incorrect. He says, "In the first place,Ahe Terrible
only carries 16 guns, as boats' guns do not count; if
they do, the Retribution has 16 also; nor has the Terri-
ble got any of the 112 cwt. guns on board; the Retribu-
tion has 2. In the second place, the Terrible is not ship-
rigged; she is polacca rigged. In the third place, the
Retribution has on board at this moment 579 tons of
coals, &c. The Terrible has only 300 tons of coals on
board." Now, in the first place, the Terrible carries 20
guns; secondly, we should feel greatly obliged if "A
Naval Officer" (?) will inform us how long polaccas hat e
had fidded topmasts; and thirdly, the Retribution cannot
carry or stow more than 540 tons of coals. It is true the
Retribution has two 112 cwt. guns; but what are these
in comparison with the Terrible's eight of 98 cwt? The
Retribution's other guns are four 56-pounders and four
24's. She has none upon her main deck, although we
will do her the justice to say we believe she could both
carry and use them in that situation if she tried, and
would not then be so easily canted over as she now is by
the slightest inequality of the weights on either side
which is in consequence of all her dead weight being'
"on deck," instead of part between, and not in conse-
quence of a wedge-like bottom, as is supposed. But no
alteration will now place her upon an equality with the
Terrible, which we unhesitatingly pronounce the finest
and most efficient steam-ship in the world.
The crew of ,the Scourge, steam-bomb vessel, Com-
mander Caffin, were exercised in gunboat practice this
afternoon at Spithead in the paddle-box boats.
The Rodney, 92, Captain Collier, went out of harbour
yesterday to Spithead in most gallant style, under
canvass. A distinguished party, friends of the officers,
went out in her, and partook:of an *pat dejeuner, after
which the festivities were kept up, by dancing and music,
until sunset, when the happy party returned ashore in
the Admiral-Superintendent's yacht.
The Contest, 12, was docked on Monday, to be cop-
pered and completed in fittings for commission.
The Emerald tender returned yesterday morning from
Plymouth with supernumeraries.
The St. Vincent, 120, Captain Sir Richard Grant, is
again " all ataunt," and will be ready to go to Spithead
about the 22d.
The Collingwood, 80, Captain Smart, flag of Rear-
Admiral Sir George Seymour, Commander-in-Chief in
the Pacific, was at Valparaiso, all well, on the 30th of
January. The following extract of a private letter re-
ceived from her yesterday by private ship, will be read
with interest.
" We arrived here (Valparaiso) on Monday morn-
ing, the 29th of December, from Bolabola (one of the
Society Islands, long. 15 1 43 W., lat. 16 18 S.), which
we left on the 25th of November. The Collingwoed is,
in my opinion, a well disciplined and comfortable ship,
although sailors will, at times, be dissatisfied. Our ship
is allowed to be the clipper' of the station, having
sailed with every vessel of the squadron, but been beaten
by none. She is a very good sea boat in bad weather
We carried away our mainyard in a squall, but, re-
paired it at Valparaiso in July. At Callao we made
every preparation for action, in consequence of the
French President not coming to terms with the Admiral
with regard to the money due to our Government ; but
it was settled without a shot, the Admiral having given
them a longer time to decide. At Owhyee everything
is quiet. The Admiral visited the Burning Mountains
and returned in three days. We did not anchor at
Otaheite, but cruised about for sixteen days, while the
Admiral went into harbour in the Modeste, 18, she
having accompanied us from Callao, with Mr. Prit-
chard on beard, bound to the Navigator Islands, as
consul, I believe. At Oahu everything is quiet, and
seems in a thriving condition. King Kahamehameha
111. visited our ship, and was highly delighted
with her, never having seen so large a yes
sel before. By the way, this island (Oahu) is
under the English protectorate flag. At Catharine
Island there are about twenty male and female natives
comfortably settled, having left Otaheite in consequence
of the disturbances. At Otaheite the natives are en-
camped inland, and will not come to terms with the
French; in fact, if they happen to catch a Frenchman
out of their bounds, they put him immediately to death.
Our admiral gave the ship's company liberty to go
ashore at Otaheite in the day-time, but ordered them
on board by sunset. The French are very strict, and
are building batteries and storehouses fast. They have
given Queen Pomare three months to decide whether
she will accept the French protection and return to Ota-
heite (which she positively refuses at present), when, if
their offer be not in the interim complied with, they in-
tend to take her by force; but that, I conceive, they
will find some difficulty in doing. The admiral has con-
demned the Basilisk ketch, and sold her hull, rigging,
&c.,_ keeping the arms and ammunition on board of us.
At Huaheine the French planted their protectorate flag,
but the natives immediately hauled it down and lore it
into ribbands. Queen Pomare and family are at
Ulictea, quite well; but she has recently lost one
child, and I am given to understand the Salamader
steam-sloop will take it to Otaheite to have it interred
in the family grave. The French have been per-
suading, and offering presents to the Queen, which
she refuses. At Bolabola the French have blockaded
the port and hoisted their protectorate flag,
which caused the natives to leave their homes and go
inland, but our Admiral persuaded them to return, and
left orders that they are not to be molested by the French
until he received despatches from England. I think the
French are going rather too far. The natives visited our
ship, and were dancing their war-dances the whole of the
afternoon ; they seemed quite grateful to the Admiral
for restoring them to their homes. They detest a French-
man. Our Admiral went to church with Queen Pomare,
and distributed presents to her people ; gave her some
provisions, and told her to wait calmly until he came
again. She puts great dependence on England for pro-
tection. While off Otaheite, we found that our mizen-
mast was rotten ; we have got it out, and the carpenters
are at work about it (being a built' mast it can be re-
paired), and we are refitting with all possible dispatch,
and expect to sail in about a month for Callao, to meet
the fleet, where I expect he (Admiral Seymour) will
come to terms with the President one way or the other.
After that I think we shall go to leeward again, to settle
about Bolabola and the adjacent islands. The Herald
and Pandora are gone to leeward surveying. The Spy
is at Valparaiso, but expects to take the station of the
Basilisk at Oahu. The Salamander is at Bolabola. The
Admiral and family are all well. The Durham store-
ship, with supplies for us, has a great deal of her cargo
damaged by water, having had a bad passage round
Cape Horn."—Times.

THE CONVEYING OF CALVES TO

MARKET. --
TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.
Sin,—The public press affording, in many cases, the
only medium through which attention and reprobation
may be drawn to practices which apparently there are
no other means of preventing or punishing, Ihope you will
allow me the use of a brief space in your columns ;to
solicit the attention of the public to the very cruel mode
in which the greater part of the calves are conveyed to
the London markets. Crowded into carts, and lying upon
each other, having all their legs tied, with their heads
hanging out, their tongues swollen, their mouths parched
with thirst, they are jolted for many miles, and arrive
at their destination in a state most painful to witness.
As a proof of what they suffer, it is sufficient to state
thatit is by no means unfrequent for some of them to die
on the road. Self-interest, which, in the absence of better
motives, generally prevents cruelty being carrietl to the
extreme, appears frequently, in the case of the poor
calves, to be lost sight of, and I am sure that the ob•
servation of all who have opportunities of witnessing the
cart-loads of calves as they come into town, or in the
markets,eina willngs
tho facto:l fief
eliciting
nn
gtah ipss
oe a smr
mos ei
trstutihogings
.etaotinanpps appear,
withmtcahy
an
theilomp
improved and less cruel mode of conveyance may be
attained,
rSi,r,lyBo4u6.r very obedient servant,
Pall-mall, 15th am,
April
hAp
G. M.

LANCASHIRE AND YORKSHIRE
NORTH-EASTERN RAILWAY, FROM SKIP-
TON TO YORK.

TO THE—E.— OF THE SUN.
Siß,—Knowing so DITOR
well that you are at all times most
anxious to correct any error that may appear in your
columns, I beg to call your attention to the notice of
various railway and other companies which appeared in
your paper on Monday last, and which you style
" Bubble and Quixotic." In this list, lam surprised to
find the name of the above company. Now, Sir, as a
considerable original shareholder (not scripholder), I
consider that you were not justified in so classifying this
company, and for this reason, that the directors of the
company (with one or two exceptions) are gentlemen
intimately connected with the district, and possessed of
large landed estates ; and that the inhabitants of the
district are most anxious that the railway should be
made, and as a proof that this scheme is neither a bubble
or a Quixotic one, I may state that the greater portion
of this line was proposed to be made by two distinct and
independent existing companies in connexion with
their own lines, viz., the Leeds and Bradford Extension

Railway Company, and the Leeds and Thirsk Railway
Company, and that they each took the necessary steps
to apply to Parliament, but they withdrew their scheme
in favour of this company, as I understand, because they
considered that the directors of the North-Eastern Com-
pany, having such strong local interest, were the best
fitted to carry out the project which I have every reason
to believe will be one of the best before Parliament—

at least that is my opinion.
I shall feel obliged by your inserting this in your
paper.—l am, Sir, your most obedient servant.
A- SITAREHOLDER.
•

Manchester, April 15, 1846.
[The notice ..was copied from a morning—paper.—ED.
Sun.l

FREAK OF FORTUNE.—A poor woman, named
rison, living in Pye-street, Westminster, and who gained a
precarious living by selling Congreve matches and songs, has
within the last tew days become possessed of. 4501. by the
death, intestate, or an elder brother
.in Dublin, who would
not render her the slightest assistants during his life.