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THE CORN-LAWS.

MEETING OF AGRICULTURAL LABOURERS
IN NORTH WILTS.

AINSWORTH'S MAGAZINE,
No. XLVIII.—JANUARY.

WOOTTON BASSET, JAN. 6.—A meeting of a very re •
markable and important character at the present crisis
was held last night at a village, six miles beyond this
town, called Goatacre, a small place with an agricultural
population scarcely exceeding 200 persons, but sur-
rounded at various distances by several similar villages
or hamlets. The chairman was a labourer ; the speak-
ers, with the exception of two, were labourers ; and the
object in view was to call public attention to the present
condition of the labouring population in this part of the
country, and to petition her Majesty and the Legislature
to take decisive steps for the speedy relief of their ex-,
treme distress. The meeting was to have been held in
a large booth erected in a field, but the great expense of
providing such accommodation was beyond the combined
contributions which these poor people could spare from
their very scanty means ; and therefore they were com-
pelled to assemble together in the cross road of the vil.
lage, and to endure the inclemency of a winter
night while they talked over their common sufferings.
The whole of the arrangements and proceedings were
strikingly characteristic of the occasion. A hurdle
supported by four stakes, driven into the ground,
beneath a hedge on the road side, formed a narrow and
unsteady platform, capable of supporting only the chair-
man and one speaker at a time. Below this rustic erec-
tion were placed a small deal table, and some rush-
bottom chairs, borrowed from a neighbouring cottage, for
the accommodation of reporters. Four or five candles,
some in lanterns, and others sheltered from the wind by
the hands that held them, threw a dim and flickering
light upon the groups on this spot, before and around
which were gathered nearly 1,000 of the peasantry of
Wiltshire, some of them accompanied by their wives
and their children, who, thus collected, presented a wild
and painful appearance. In the shadows of the night
the distinctive garb of their class was everywhere dis-
cernible, but when the flitting clouds permitted the moon
to dine brightly in their faces, in them might be seen
written, in strong and unmistakeable lines, anxiety, sup-
plication, want, hunger, ever responsive in expression to
the sentiments and statements delivered by speakers,
who merely described in plain unvarnished language the
miseries of their rural auditors. The style of the more
important speeches, and the nature of the disclosures
made in them, demand an exact report of them, which
will be found below, abating the provincial accentuation
of words.

With Illustrations on Steel by GEORGEGRUIRSHANK

" Ainsworth's Magazine' opens the New Year with great spirit.
The first paper is a characteristic sketch by the Editor, Mr. Harrison
Ainsworth, entitled ' Sir Lionel Flamstead,' with an admirable il-
lustration by George Cruikshank. The Author of ' Handley Cross'
continues his Life and Writings of Nimrod,' to which he does ample
justice ; and the other papers are highly interesting—the serious and
the gay being happily intermingled."—Bell's Life, Jan. 4.
Chapman and Hall, 186, Strand.

C OLBURN'S NEW MONTHLY MA-
GAZINE

Edited by W. HARRISON AINSWORTH, Esq.

" The New Monthly' contains contributions from a greater num-
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have seen. Among the contributors are Captain Marryat, Sergeant
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Chapman and Hall, 186, Strand.

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7Vith an Illustration by PHIZ.
Contents—(JANUAßY)
I. Thoughts on the ./Estheti
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3. Letters from a Ihindoo Gentleman travelling in England.
4. The Crusades.
5. Baron Puffendorf. A Satire. A.D. 1900.
6. Pope Gregory XVI.
7. A Musician's Plea for his Art.
8. The Adventures of a Stick.
9. The Inquisition.
10. The Scholar's Death Summons, and other Miscellaneous Poetry.
11. A Sporting Excursion in the Backwoods of Canada.
12. General Roses, Monte Video, and Buenos Ayres.
13. Kordofan.—Reviews, &c. &c.
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DAVID KELL, a man of rather advanced age, was for-
mally called upon to preside, and opened the proceedings
by reading a printed copy of the following notice:—
"Anti- Corn-law Meeting at Goatacre—At a meeting
of the committee of the Goatacre Reform Society,
held at the committee-room, Goatacre, on Tuesday,
Dec. 8, the following resolutions were unanimously
carried:—Resolved, 1. That, in the opinion of the com-
mittee, the distress of the labouring people, caused by
the failure in the potato crop and the high price of
bread, is such as to justify the holding a public meeting
for the purpose of petitioning the Queen for a total re-
peal of She corn-laws, inasmuch as wheat has risen 25
per cent., while the wages of the farm-labourers have
not risen 5 per cent. 2. That a public meeting be held
at Goatacre on Monday, the sth of January, 1846, for
the purpose named in the first resolution. In pursuance
of the above reso:utions, notice is hereby given, that a
public meeting will be held in a large booth at Goatacre,
on Monday, the sth January, 1846, at half-past six
o'clock in the evening, for the purpose of petitioning the
Queen for a total repeal of the corn-laws.—Joseph
Brewer, Chairman of the Committee. N.B. It is earnestly
hoped that all who are sufferingfrom distress will attend,
that their distress may be made known."
The CHAIRMAN then said—To all who are here pre-
sent, and to my fellow-labourers in particular, I call
your attention to a subject of the utmost importance—
a subject which demands very serious consideration.
You know by painful experience that we are suffering
under distress and poverty ; and we are met here this
evening on purpose to make known that distress to her
Majesty and to her Ministers, to pray them to open the
ports and to repeal the unjust corn-laws, so that we
and our families may enjoy the bounties of Providence.
—(Hear, hear). As it respects my own distress, and
the calamities and miseries I have underwent and un-
dergone, I have spoken of them before at the Ramsbury
meeting. But the case is not altered now. I have only
65. a week for keeping myself, a wife, and two small
children. I cannot earn half enough to keep us. 61.105.
must go to pay house and garden rent, and no potatoes
got.—(Hear.) I say, then, let us unite together to
advocate the cause of free trade.—(Cheers.) Free trade
for ever!—(Repeated cheers.) What was it we were
sent into the world for ? Is it not for the benefit of
society ? Huth God not committed to us a talent, and
will He not require the use of it at our bands ?—(Hear,
hear.) There are classes of people in this world, but
perhaps they are unknown to many of you, that think
that, because God brings all things to pass according to
his unalterable decrees, they may sit down and rest con-
tented, and never think of doing anything at all, except
it is to usurp the authority of God. They may look
into his sacred word, but with his revealed will they
will have nothing to do. Dost thou not know, 0 man I
that thou wast endowed with a mind, and will, and
faculties, which God works upon as his instruments to
bring about his all- wise purposes? He looked upon his
people in Egypt, and he saw their affliction, and raised
up Moses to be their deliverer. Again, he raised up Gideon
to deliver them out of the hands of the Midianites ; and
Cyrus again to deliver them from Babylon, when they
were in captivity ; and, to come nearer our own times,
he raised up Oliver Cromwell and many others to do
what was to be done. And in the present day, is there
not a Cobden, a Bright, and a Radnor ? It is not for us
to inquire whether these men are good men or not. It
is sufficient for us to know that they are doing a good
moral work in our nation.—(Cheers.) But there is an-
other class of characters which I would speak to, for
perhaps there are some of them amongst you ; poor dear
souls they are to be pitied, for they are fearing where no
fear ought to be. They are afraid they shall be turned
out of their labour, and out of their houses ; and they
are fearing this great man, and that great man, and the
other great man. They are fearing every day because
of the fury of the oppressor. And " where is the fury of
the oppressor ?" There is no cause at all to fear him,
my poor fellow-labourers ; for, says God, " Behold,
I have created the smith that bloweth the coals
in the fire, and that bringeth forth an instrument
for his work ; and I have created the waster to
destroy. No weapon that is formed against thee
shall prosper, and every tongue that riseth against
thee in judgment thou shalt condemn." Let us stand
up, my fellow-labourers, for goo laws, for freedom,
for equality.—(Loud cheers) I envy not the rich man
for his riches ; but is it not unreasonable and
'arbitrary
d
that the rich should be endowed with the full and sole
power to send Members to Parliament to legislate ?
(Hear, hear.) The laws press upon the poor, who never
had any hand in making them.—(Hear, hear.) But I
do think the time will come when every labouring house-
holder will have the privilege of sending Members to
Parliament.—(Cheers.) When every man comes under
the power of every law that is made, ought not every
man to have a voice in making that law?—(Hear, hear.)
And now a word or two for the protectionists. I
would ask where is the utility of the protectionist con-
tending for the corn-law, since it has been proved again
and again, by invincible argument, that the corn law is
he turnshe upon has
the poor crea-
ture, benefit to him ? But he is led on by the Duke of
Buckingham and others, just as the Italian leads a bear
made as much
mthornoueyghofthheimstraeesths,e and when
can,
and
So it
i s with
cuts him
iut up to make bear's grease.—(Great
laughter.) the
poor farmer, and so the poor
labourer is brought down to misery and ruin.—(Hear.)
WM. BURCHELL then came forward to move the adop-
tion of the following resolution, or rather declaration:—
" We, the labourers of Goatacre and its neighbour-
hood, in public meeting assembled, do solemnly protest
against the corn-laws, which were enacted on the plea
of being beneficial to our interest, but have been, on the
contrary, injurious, inasmuch as they prevent the employ-
ment of capital in the improvement of the soil, and
and thereby diminish labour, and raise the price of the
first necessaries of life. And we labourers declare that
we are lingering out a miserable existence under the
idea of being protected,"—(hear, hear.)
He considered that this was the best resolution that the
meeting could carry. (Burchell finding a little difficulty
at first in expressing himself, one of his fellow-labourers

PRICE SD.

••°,

last session.—(Hear.) Meetings like the present
were certainly constitutional ; and he thought this one
would be gratifying to Lord John Russell, and even to
Sir Robert Peel, who was waiting for the people of this
country to press him on to repeal, for he knew, as well
as any man, the bad effects the corn-laws were producing.
The resolution he had to propose was, that petitions,
founded on the resolution already adopted, should be
prepared, and circulated throughout the district for sig-
nature, and then be presented tothe House of Commons.
Ile was satisfied that a great moral and intellectual im-
provement had been produced among the working classes
by the exertions of those gentlemen who had agitated
this question, and diffused information upon it. Who
would have supposed that such a meeting as this could
have been collected, and would, as he had no doubt,
quietly disperse ? The League had taught the people
that everything was to be gained, not by physical, but
by moral force.—(Hear, hear.) They now knew where
their strength lay.—(Hear, hear.) He hoped the young
men present would devote their leisure hours to sell-
improvement, and read and reflect upon the history and
laws of their country ; in that way they would learn
what were their rights, and how properly to secure
them. He did not believe that the farmers were to be
blamed for low wages ; much depended on the demand
for, and supply of, labour. Neither did he believe that
any one would suffer from the repeal of the corn-laws.
Instead of land going out of cultivation, he thought that
the reverse would be the case. There would not be so
large a stock of rabbits and hares kept on the land. A
protectionist, not ten miles from that spot, had so many
hares on his land, that they actually consumed more
of the wheat crop than the whole of the families of
farmers and labourers.—(Hear, hear.) There was
some talk of having a county meeting ; should one
take place, let the labourers go and show the protec-
tionists that they were really desireJus that those laws,
which had produced so much misohief and misery, should
be repealed.—(Cheers.)
Mr. EDWARDS, in seconding the motion, said he be-
lieved that Sir Robert Peel was inclined to do justice to
the working people of this country ; but it mattered not
to them, as working people, whether a Whig or Tory
held the reins of Government, so long as they were well
fed and clothed.—(A voice—" And no curry powder.")
And no curry powder.—(Laughter and cheers.)
The motion was then agreed to, as also one of thanks
to the public press—that portion of it which advocated
the rights of the people.
The CHAIRMAN—In closing this meeting, my fellow-
labourers, I wish you to take notice of two things.
First, you have heard these poor labourers state their
distress ; but we don't wish to insinuate to you that you
are to rebel against the law that is now in existence.—
cnear, hear.) In the Jue.m. place, we don't wish to insi-
nuate to you that you are to neglect your employment.
—(Cries of " No, no.") You are to follow your work
with honesty, integrity, and uprightness.—(Hear, hear.)
You will do all you can to please your masters, and live
up to the law that is now in existence as far as you can,
and do it for conscience sake.— (Hear, hear.) For you
may depend upon it that the very moment you break
the law, the very moment you neglect your masters' em-
ployment, you put a weapon into their hands with which
to wound yourselves.—(Hear, hear.) Recollect that a
few years ago the mob rose in Ramsbury and other
places, and took the wrong step. They destroyed peo-
ple's property, and demanded their money, instead of
acting legally, and petitioning the Sovereign and the
Government. Had they done so, no doubt they would
have been heard. But not doing so, they put a wea-
pon into the hands of the monopolists, and the monopo-
lists rode about the country, and hauled them away to
prison, and rejoiced that they had got them just where
they would have them.—(Hear, hear, and cries of " We
know better now.")
Three cheers were then given for free trade, and for
Cobden and Bright, after which the meeting quietly dis-
persed, breaking into as many separate parties as there
were roads ; some of them had long journeys to make
before they could reach home.
Some letters from labourers were forwarded to the
chairman, amongst which were the following, which we
give verbatim et literatim:—

" Sir,—l take the liberty of addressing myself to you,
as it is not convenent for me to atend your meeting,
mearly to inform of my distress, wich is verry Great. I
asbure you I have four children to maintain and not A
potato for my use, my house rent verry high, wich maks
it invossable to get bread Enough half my time for them
I ham the Father of six Childern, one died A natural
deth, and one Burnt to deth A Month Ago, in all these
troubles and aflictions I have not had the lest assistance
from any one. my Children are all so young that my
Wife cannot earn anything, therefore I will leave you
to Judge my case. I will further add there is but few that
would not attend youre meeting, if they dare, the poor
are under that Bondage wich makes them afraid to make
their distress known, if they did thay would be dis-
charged from thair work and turned out of doors. God
grant that these Petitions might be herd.
" your Aflicted and humbel Servent."
" December 31, 1845.
" Gentel men, as it is not Convenant for me two a tend
your meeting. I adres myself two your notice in the fol-
lowing re marks of the distress of the farm labores
are in the present time ; in the first place I will state the
Case of the men that have a wife and two Children onley,
as most pepel say, that these men cannot be bad of, but
see the case, all the peepel knows that the wages in Wil-
shear is Bs. per week, and when the Master have taken 4s.
per month for rent, there is but 7s. per wick for two,
provide food for the four peepel, and there is 7 days in the
week that is ls. a day, that 3d. each pirson, and as all
have a little food 3 times a day, that is ld. for Each meal,
and now we se what can be bought for the ls. We give
7d for a four pound lofe, and so we see that there is 6
pound of Bred and 3 half pence for butter for the four,
that is a pound and half each a day. And now, if Igo
whare there is 4 children that brings it two one pound of
bread a day for Each person, and one farthing for each
for butter, and if we go where there is 6 Children, that
brings it two 3 quarters of a pound of bread a day for
each, and three half pence for butter for 8 peopel ; and
now if this was stated before the masters of the labores,
they would ask me what I should do with the Exter
Ernings in the summer a mowing and howing, and reep.
ins, my answer two this is, that the fire-place takes Is,
per week, that is 21.125. a year, and from 30 years Ex-
perence, I well know two keep the house insisope, candels,
thred, and wosted, needels, and pins, Brains a brusis two
keep the house clean, that takes ls. per week more, that
is 21. 12s. more, and the man have a pare of shoes a year,
that is 125., and the wife a pear, that is Bs. more, and 2
children a pear each, at ss. each, that is 10s. more, and
we rent a lettel Land of our masters at 8 pence per pool,
and we have aboute 30 poles, and takes a pound
more a year and two keep all kinds of twols in
repair—that takes 10s. a year more. So now to sum
up all the £ s. d.
household arteckles, that is the firing 2 12 0
Candels, sope, and the other arteckles
The four pare of shoes, that is
All kinds of tools, that fs 0 10 0
30 pole of Land, at Bd. pole, that is

L 8 4 0
and there is no more than 4 month two Earn this sum
in, and where is the man that takes L 2 9s. Od a month
for 4 month. I Dont know the Man. And the failure in
the potato crop makes it a great deal worse than it was
12 month ago, and the deferance in the price of bread
makes in the above named famely 2s. a week and have
but ono shelen to pay it with, and I cannot add no
more at present. " Your humbel servant

~ A LABORER."

IRELAND.

, MoNDA Y.
CHARGE AGAINST MESSRS.DUBLIN
LABERTOUCHE

AND STAFFORD.
At College-street Police-office, this day, informations
with a written order, the money
were taken against Mr. Abel Labertouche, stockbroker
charge of fraudulent app
o has
s the for
gones thei3to commission purpose.
Trinidad,
of
and notary public, whoseropfaraiirlauttnrioeenrr:eclieornt.thlbsyaatvanoi;cgorurupurchased
stock in accordance
Bwhaielrewthaseg:fiiYrema
and
z yet
yealvs
mi
surrendered
supposed
ppb Labertouche.
oe been
c he
e deposited
th
held some property.

Nothing could be better devised than Nicoll's Re-
gistered Paletot to suit the ever-varied nature of our climate,
forming, as it novr does, not only the sins qua non of the
railway traveller, but is equally so adapted for any gentleman
taking out-door exercise. It may be said distinctly to mark
the costume of the nineteenth century, if that is rightly
called marked which is only conspicuous for an unpretending
and graceful bearer, the wearer feeling so much at ease.
Certainly as an over-coat it is patronised highly, and is also
a general public favourite, being so peculiarly English, and
avoiding all foreign extravagance of style. It must be ac-
knowledged as a vast improvement ever the old great coat,
associated in our remembrance with an uncomfortable sensa-
tion of tight buttonings, which, from its very clumsiness,
defeated its object, the warmth of the person, as interfering
with the proper circulation of the blood. The principal hues
are black, blue, brown, and olive ; also the clerical mixture
called Oxford, and can be had of the patentees, or only of
the most respectable clothiers out of London. Every winter
paletot is three guineas, and is stampted in the lining with
the words, " Registered 6 and 7 Vic., cap. 65. H. J. and D
Nicoll, 114, Regent-street, London.
After the return of the Lord Mayor from Windsor,
on Saturday last, the Lord Mayor, in the high spirit
of hospitality by which he has been long distinguished,
entertained, at the Mansion-house, the Lord Mayor of
Dublin, and the Irish deputation who accompanied him,
together with about forty members of the Corporation
of London, and Aldermen Humphery and Hooper. The
entertainment was quite unexpected. The members of
the City Common Council had entered their names for
a dinner at the Albion Tavern, in Aldersgate-street, and
had sent an invitation to the chief magistrate to take the
chair, and it was not until their arrival at Windsor
they were made acquainted with his Lordship's inten-
tion to entertain them at the Mansion-house. The old
English hospitalities of the Mansion-house were kept up
to a late hour, and the warmest acknowledgments of the
excellent feeling of the Lord Mayor of London were
jovial
associates by the chief magistrate of Dublin and his
associates in the mission to the Queen.
DUNDEE AND PERTH RAILwAT. The— works on
this promising line are in most active progress. In some parts
the permanent rails are already in the course
of being laid ;
and from the general state of forlva ses on rdnthe line, and the
level nature of the country norequiring tunnelling or other
formidable works which so seriously retard the completion of
such undertakings,
.the directors hope to be enabled to open
next October, and in time for the Caledonian Hunt Meeting
at Perth. Most of the rails and other appurtenances h&ve
been already delivered, and the carriages and engines are con-
tracted for.—Caledonian Mercury.
THE BAPTIST MISSIONARIES.—Yesterday evening
a funeral sermon was preached at Finsbury Chapel by the
Rev. Mr. Hinton, for the Rev, Dr. Yates, late missionary at
Calcutta, and the Rev. William Knibb, the well-known negro
advocate, who died recently at Jamaica. The former was
well known for his classical attainments in the literature of
thn East, and as editor of various translations of the Bible in
India; and Mr. Knibb as the pastor of the ehief 134ptist
church in the island of Jimmies.

~~,: