The Sun.
London, England, 1846-11-02 00:00:00

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LITERATURE.

abandoned," we can only answer that the majority
of the countrymen of that great minister look heel(
to that incident, and to the sentiments then avouched
by him, as the most admirable of his whole public
career. Yes ; let us repeat that noble peroration of
that most memorable address—let us repeat it, not to
constitute it, like the reviewer, a text for invidiou,
insinuations, but to reanimate, if that be necessary,
the gratitude of the English people to one of their most
self-forgetful benefactors, and one of their most self-
sacrificing patriots.

THE QUARTERLY REVIEW. No. CLVL
Carrying out the principle that extremes meet, the
commencement and the conclusion of the present
number constitute its chief attraction. In the first
article we are afforded a very interesting retrospect
of the origin and prosecution of the " Fortifications
of Paris ;" in the last article the reviewer obliges the
world with some additional observations upon the
" Close of Sir Robert Peel's Administration." Upon
the former theme we cannot reflect for a single
moment without entertaining sentiments of the
deepest sorrow, and, to a certain extent, of absolute
humiliation. What might not have been the condition of
France at this moment, supposing those fortifications to
have been in existence during the past two centuries ?
Might not the shackles of feudality have still debased
her population ? Might not her citizens have still
been liable to an endless incarceration at the will of
some arbitrary sovereign, by the signature, of a lettre
de cachet? Might not the rights of property have
been still rendered precarious by confiscation,
and the national revenues have been still
sustained by the infliction of despotic im-
posts ? Had Paris been girdled by those
massive battlements, and threatened with 2,188
pieces of heavy ordnance and 120 field guns, is it
possible that ,Delaunay would have been compelled
to yield the Bastille ? Would the mob have been
able so readily to reach the tennis-court of Versailles
in 1789, and to drag Louis XVI. into the capital in
that bacchanalian triumph which was inaugurative of
their emancipation ? Would not Lafayette, instead
of pleading at the bar of the Assembly for the resti-
tution of what he designated the constitutional
powers to the monarch, would he not rather ha% e
marched direct upon the metropolis at the head of his
legions and have battered their chimney-pots about
the ears of ;lie Parisians ? It is from the considera-
tion of these facts, from a knowledge that anything
like a successful combat against a feudal despotism,
or a confederated oligarchy, in the event of either of
those malign authorities having been armed origi-
nally with such repressive instruments as
these fortifications, that we reflect upon their
foundation and completion with such unmitti-
gated sorrow. It is because we are persuaded that
such an auxiliary might, in 1791, have rendered the
royal confederates of Pilnitz triumphant, because
we conceive it might have tended to the yet more
signal debasement of the tiers etat, because, in fine,
in those fortifications we recognise the antagonism of
the grandest struggle for the attainment of constitu-
tional liberty ever adventured in civilised times, that
we are disposed to lament the extraordinary struc-
tures so recently raised round the French capital.
Those embattlements might unquestionably guard
Paris from the invading forces of a Blucher, a Wel-
lington, or an Alexander; but it is infinitely more
than probable they would prevent an outraged people
from punishing the profligate domination of a Ca-
lonne, or of thwarting the peddling inefficiency of a
Necker. We are somewhat puzzled to conjecture
the motives which could have influenced M. Thiers in
acceding to the proposition for their erection during the
recess of 1841. Possibly that sagacious statesman
did not regard them with those apprehensions in a
contingent emergency which are rendered inevitable
at this advanced period. Possibly the expense which
they had already entailed upon the Exchequer in that
year, namely, 5,600,0001., did not afford him an ade-
quate conception of the enormous sum they have since
required for their completion. The Quarterly Re-
view avouches that these works at Paris will fully
answer the purpose of what its writer supposes to be their
original purpose, of "putting the capital in a cage !"
There's a reflection for the revolutionists of 1830 !
Paris put in a cage ! Much valuable information in
castrametation and the science of fortification, par-

OST in MANCHESTER between the hours
_A of Twelve at noon and Five in the afternoon, on TUESDAY, the
lst day of April, 1845, a 5001. BANK of ENGLAND NOTE, dated
London, January 12, 1844—T F 94,911, Parkins, 5001.—payment of
which is stopped.
The shove reward will be paid upon restoration of the Note to Mr.
Richard Beswick, Chief Superintendent of the Manchester Police,
at the Town-hall, Manchester ; or to the Superintendent of tho City
Police, chief offices, Old Jewry, London.
Manchester, April 18, 1846.

• ra."-----------". QT. THOMAS'S HOSPITAL MEDICAL
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Mr. MACMRDO will commence his LECTURES
P M
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Evenings
Mondays,Ryan'st'" El:ed"--
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___

" I shall leave office, I fear, with a name severel)
censured by many Honourable Gentlemen, who,
public principle, deeply regret the severance of part)
ties—who deeply regret that severance, not from any in•
terested or personal motives, but because they believe
fidelity to party engagements—the existence and main-
tenance of a great party—to constitute a powerful in-
strument of government. * * • I shall leave s
name execrated by every monopolist, who, from less ho-
nourable motives, maintains protection for his own in-
dividual benefit ; but it may be that I shall leave a name
sometimes remembered with expressions of good will,
those places which are the abode of men whose lot it
is to labour, and to earn their daily bread by the sweat
of their brow—a name remembered with expressions of
good will, when they shall recruit their exhausted
strength with abundant and untaxed food, the sweeter
because it is no longer leavened by a sense of injustice.'
Upon those beautiful and elevated anticipations of
Sir Robert Peel, the reviewer raises a multitude of
others of a lowering and ominous character ; he dis-
cerns, as the consequence of the glorious measures
passed under the auspices of that Prime Minister, the
future misfortune and possibly bankruptcy of this
empire, instead of its prosperity and increasing opu-
lence; and from the repeal of the corn-laws, he looks
forward to the abrogation of other laws yet more inti-
mately blended with the elementary principles of the
constitution. With this trepidation we, of course.
have no sympathy whatever; but from the establish •
ment of free trade we anticipate the correction of other
and still greater blemisbe, in our. Legislature, and, if
that be possible, the ultimate perfection of this triple
Government. We have commented at such length
upon these two most important and attractive articles.
that we have precluded ourselves from any especial
reference to the remainder. We must however in
justice observe, that the one upon " Education," the
one upon the " Cathedral of Cologne," and another
upon " Constantinople in the Fourth Century," are
eminently worthy of a place in this eminent publica-
tion.

THE ELECTRIC TELKG-RAPIL—The prin-
ciple of this ♦aluable invention is clearly demonstrated by
Professor Bachhoffner in his Morning and Evening LECTURES at
the ROYAL POL PECHNIC INSTITUTION. Dr. Ryan's CHEMI-
CAL LECTURES, daily, and en the Evenings of Mondays, Wed-
nesdays, and Fridays. The principles and uses of the WORKING
MODELS, and other specimens of the Useful Arts, ars explained to
the visitors. The OPAQUE MICROSCOPE. The OXY-HYDROGEN
MICROSCOPE, by CART. re-produced with the most interesting
objects. The latest DISSOLVING VIEWS, by Charles Smith, are
of great interest and beauty.
Admissien, Is. ; Schools, Half-price.

dlvut,n
`bel. *r th.:,trst

h. made lit

MAGAZINE DAY.
BLACKWOOD.
Curious and most charming is the article entitled
" Luigia de Medici"—an article conceived and written
in a gentle and loving spirit. For those individuals
who are not familiar with Florentine biography it
may be as well to premise at once, that the beautiful
maiden whose name is here mentioned was the fourth
daughter, and the seventh and youngest child, of
Lorenzo the Magnificent and his wife Clarice Orsini.
Consequently, the ever-memorable and ever-glorious
Cosmo de Medici, him whom the grateful citizens of
Florence christened Paler Patrice, was the great
grandfather of Luigia. The purpose of the writer is one
which cannot fail to enlist all the sympathies of those
who can sympathise with the sorrows of one of tht
most extraordinary geniuses Italy or the world ever
saw. It is to demonstrate the fact that Michel
Angelo Buonarotti—the sculptor, the architect, the
painter, the poet, that wonderful man, merely to
mention whom Sir Joshua Reynolds conceived to be
the most fitting and dignified mode of terminating
his lectures as President of the Royal Academy—it
is to prove that the heart of this great man loved in
his youth, that it loved with an ardour proportioned
to the intensity of his high nature, that his affection
was not improbably reciprocated, that the object of
his devotion was none other than Luigia
de Medici, and that her premature decease
tended to confirm and enhance the austerity of the
character of Michel Angelo. More obscurity, cer-
tainly, does not exist in the biography of any man of
comparable celebrity with reference to the early de-
velopment of his disposition, and the tribulations to
which he was subjected at the very outset of his
career, than that which shrouds the history of the
boyhood of Angelo. It is generally regarded as
questionable, whether the passion which he himself
indicates in his writings was real or supposititious. It
is presumed by many that his poetical productions
were rather the embodiment of his vagrant medita-
tions than the outpourings of human emotion. The
theme of his verses—

ticularly as applied to modern times, and especially,
as in reference to our neighbours and their metro-
polis, may be gleaned from this contribution. In the
terminatingpaper of this number, the most remarkable
feature is a quotation from a work published in 1845,
by M. Capefigue, and entitled Rommes d' Etat. The
predictions of that French historian, while they some-
times evince his discernment, and illustrate, in a dis-
tinguished manner, that remark of Edmund Burke,
that " foreigners are a kind of contem-
poraneous posterity," are mingled, nevertheless, with
the most egregious and extravagant day -dreams.
What shall we say of that vaticination, "Si l' Irlande
persiste, ce sera M. Peel qui consentira a sa separation,
a son Parlement national, a difaire ceuvre de cin •
quainte ans?" What again shall we say of that
companion prophecy, " Que les Radicaux, u leer tour,
persistent, it viendra peutetre un jour aa M. Robert
Peel accomplira la reforme absolue avec le Parlement
annuel. a la
_lc:con de Cobbett et de Hunt ?" If the
felicitous assurance of anomei
Robert Peel a tue le parti Tory,' may be taken as a
conclusive testimony of M. Capefique s claim to be
considered auracular, Mr. O'Connell may exult in the
anticipated achievement of the repeal; while the
shades of the great Member for Oldham and of Henry
Hunt will rejoice at the prophetic realisation of their
visions. But not unless. Throughout this article-in
the Quarterly we can discern the disappointment of the
agriculturists still rankling under an affectation of re-
signation ; we can still discern the animosity
to the late Premier beneath a film of in-
sidious flattery; we can still recognise the
old stubbornness of monopoly renewing itself again
and again, after it had been as repeatedly vanquished
by the indisputable facts and overwhelming logic of
the more intelligent advocates for free trade. We
shall not waste our own time, or that of our readers,
by going over the same arguments which have al-
ready been repeated a thousandfold in our own co-
lumns, and which arguments, though in almost every
disinterested man's mouth, whether in Parliament or
out of Parliament, especially during the past ten
months, this reviewer seems never to have heard.
The old sophisms which Mr. Cobden has exposed long
since, which have been likewise dissipated by Mr.
Bright, Mr. Villiers, and Mr. Milner Gibson, spe-
cious phantoms of objections which have in some in-
stances been laid by the pamphlets of Colonel Thomp-
son, and the letters by Mr. Fox in the League news-
paper, are here revived, as though their flimsiness
were not apparent to ninety-nine per cent. of the
population. In a similar manner the truths of free
trade—apparent as the moon at its full to
almost everybody else—are still utterly invisible
to the writer. When Galileo first published his nun-
cius siderius, declaring among other marvels the ex-
istence of satellites in the vicinity of Jupiter, and the
periodical disappearance and reappearance of spots
upon the disc of the sun, one of that great man's an-
tagonists, a peripatician and a rival professor, gravely
printed a book, in which he declared that he had a
telescope of his own, that he had looked through that
telescope, that the assertions of Galileo Galilei were
monstrous mistatements, that the surface of the sup
was emaculate, that Jupiter was unattended by satel-
lites! What that peripatician was to astronomy, these
protectionists are to political economy. They have
all the evidences of their senses, all the assurances of
the most eminent authorities, from Dr. Adam
coSarliintgh
downwards,
the
upon
them
is
et ti my mg
eo n
the
o f t er pt
he
fr el
on
ec
se
s,
their antiquated
yet,
just infatuated with
system, s
enemy was with the exploded doctrines of
handsAristo talge ,a
itnhsety
their voluntarilyears close
, and
declare their eyes,
that
pr
a,
tes s
they theirsee
t andhei rh ve ea rn
enr nothing
chyi c. h
Neaontwinidthuscteantdhinemg
thtoisforsake
wilful
pertinacity, we are still sanguine as to the acknow-
ledgement of the advantages of an unrestricted com-
merce even by the bitterest antagonists of the recent
Parliamentary innovations. Not only, however, is
the writer in the Quarterly convinced of the impro-
bability of such a change among the English protec-
tionists, but his scepticism is of a gigantic and cos-
mopolitan order. "On the whole, then," says he,
" we are more and more convinced by all we read,
and see, and hear, from all quarters, that the promise
that our free-trade mania is likely to meet with any-
thing like the reciprocity from any foreign powers
of the New World or the Old, will turn out to be
a lamentable deception." A wonderful conclusion to
arrive at, truly Why the very American tariff, over
which he has been exulting in the preceding para-
graph, is a step taken in the right direction. It is
only a single and comparatively unsatisfactory step,
we will grant, but still it is an assurance
that the passion for mercantile liberation has
already acquired votaries in the Western hemi-
psvttchhp:
aehaaonwttge rrscheaeaei.
snnss
oibcobceonieNemitaoogym
dirf:eoffurorrci
craeseene
dtt
tstoerhfaiadDndt
ie
so s
ete
sl
not
no
aot
principlestni loyn n
the instance of the
ofar vtehineegws
these
t haec active
t operationt
hat simiinl a France ?
nrl
know
sl
sendea-
vourstat e s aor being m
of Italy
Italy a
nda d in
Germany
e rm any Belgium—thatarebe
ing
rapidly the
culated with the same beneficent aspirations—that a
second League is on the eve of formation in the
Iberian peninsula? Does he not know that that
same Richard Cobden, whom he wishes to hold up to
agitator public
a demagogue,
as a political
is
receivingfirebr nd ,
aand
kind o
as an
f
moral ovation in the European states through which
otfoathfreieu"dinotfelltihgeetwltriAtetrneit therlican
he is passing
Review),
nwttoe
ofth
hise flaarteew retirementel speeeh
gentleman,"
enuSir
et
Remr
olay bn
t r
from office " a parting stab to the interests he had
(a friendeA s

" The form of beauty and the soul of grace,"
nn rnt ti was
b
is conceived by the majority of scholars to have been
a merely visionary object of his adoration. From
these prevalent opinions the writer in Blackwood
41LuBel,11C1.
most scrupulous never to reveal the name of the eing
to whom his poetry was particularly addressed, or, in-
deed, to indicate, in any way, the identity of her
whom to have loved under his circumstances
would have been regarded as a grievous presumption,
this writer, from a variety of collateral circumstances,
is persuaded that it could have alone been Luigia. In en-
deavouring to " carry his
point," he quotes largely from
the delicious sonnettos and madrigales of Michel Angelo
—pieces which, supposing his chisel and brush to have
been wholly inactive, would inevitably have acquired
for him a very considerable celebrity as an emulator
of the fame of Petrarch. It is in truth, solely because
their lustre is eclipsed by the transcendant glory of
his creations in high art, that these poems are now so
little appreciated, and so generally unknown. After
a perusal of those sonnets it will be impossible for the
most fastidious to gainsay the merits of Buonarotti
as an author, and but few will be adventurous enough
to deny that they were dictated at moments when his
whole soul was excited with positive admiration, with
actual trepidation, or with real woe. Living under
the roof of his patron, the Magnificent Lorenzo, and
forming one of his household, Michel Angelo never-
theless conquered himself so far as to have main-
tained a strict silence upon what was nearest to his
heart. The Laura of Petrarch, the Caterina of
Camoi,ns, the Eleonora of Tasso, the Beatrice of
Dante, exercised no more fascination over the minds
of those great poets than did Luigia over that of
Buonarotti. To that devotion the affection of
Abelard for Heloise was most earthly, that of
Rousseau for Madame Warns most inane,
that of Waller for Sacharissa most fantastic.
And when we remember the premature death of
Luigia immediately before the downfal and baniih-
ment of her once illustrious house; when we call to
our recollection that noble epitaph written by him
upon her dissolution, and which the writer in Black-
wood calls, with much truth, " sublime—words that
are placed in the mouth of the deceased--" I was a
mortal, now lam an angel. The world knew me for
a little space, and I possess heaven for ever. 1 rejoice
at the glorious change, and exult over the death which
struck, to lead me to eternal life!"—when we remember
these things, and remember also that pathetic exclama-
tion of Michel Angelo—" Children I shall not have,
except the works I shall leave behind me," we cannot
regard this incident in the history of letters without
the most peculiar interest. We are grateful to the
writer of Blackwood for this elegant contribution, and
to the editor for its insertiwa. In two other respects.
however, this month, weare disappointed with "Chris.
topher North." W. are disappointed with him for the
admission of such articles as those entitled " Advice
to an intended Serialist" and " Things in General "
into the generally fastidious Maga. We re-
member well a dinner being given some
few years ago at Edinburgh to Mr. Charles Dickens,
we remember " Christopher North" was in the chair,
and we particularly well remember how that same
" Christopher North " uttered a well-deserved pane-
gyric • upon Mr. Dickens for the genius evinced in
his writings, and especially for the gentleness and
morality with which that genius was coupled. Hence
we are surprised at what here appears to us to be a
kind of second-hand tergiversation on the part of
" Christopher North, ." e forgets his former eulo-
giums upon " and falls
foul of him by proxy !
The paper called Advice to an Intended Serialist "
is one of the most vulgar pieces of
personality and
abuse we remembered to have ever encountered. It
is evidently intended to be most caustic and funny.
and it is in reality nothing more than slang and bal-
derdash. It is an attempt to hold Charles Dickens
up to the derision of the public, and it wants even the
redeeming quality of candour. " Boz" is never
of
Smith. There
advice is evasively
is, however,
once mentioned; the serialist who is supposed to be
t
the person against whom the
an
is The words, " It was the kitten
b reoet
icn mistakinge de-
signatedi
t written.l
&c., prove sufficiently an intended pasqui-
nade upon the opening of the " Cricket on the
Hearth'' and Mr. Bingo's " Good—Right—Har
a l‘r.recipient
mony preserved—Glad to join you—Cup of existence
give a fitting sample without transcrib-
ing—Gall at bottom,' is an evident travestie of Jingle.
Of the intense vulgarity of the article we should not
be ; which we should be
,"Tworn't Huggs,
sorry to do. 'twore the kitten'.
rum un"—" won't you take a drop of
—" that's my
I thought you might vont somethinl,
summat"—"
sidteorable portion of it
os a treadin' on my toes !" We could
that such nonsense
was really
printed
scarcely credit
in the
pages of our venerable Ebony, and were fain
to turn for corroboraticn to the. wrapper, where, sure
was the portrait of the old sage, sur-
roundedenough, there
d thistle, ran of and above,
'cos s a
youcenabledon v
by his immortal garland

'4O
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is •
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.
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''4111117 • " .0
4p,
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No. 16,886, LON DON, MONDAY 317 NY NO MEMBER 2, 1846.

in legible characters, No. CCCLXXIII. The paper
headed " Things in General " has likewise
several blemishes; but with these it has
many sensible and sagacious observations.
The reflections upon the Montpensier marriage, for
example, are shrewd and timely. The remarks upon
the English press in general, and upon the London
daily press in' particular, are deserving of especial
attention. But when the writer expressly goes out
of his way to call the eminent members of the British
Association "twaddling ninnies," and speaks of the
" childish inanity" of their exhibitions, we conceive he
is stepping somewhat out of his province. He says
that scarcely anything is to be heard at such annual
assemblages except " senile garrulity, the gabble of
ignorant eulogy, or virulent, envious depreciation and
detraction." And this is said, moreover, with a vivid
recollection of the masterly address of Sir Roderick
Murchison, with the admirable tribute uttered by
Lord Palmerston, and with the attendance of such
men as Herschel, Oersted, and Buckland at the
:ate meeting in Southampton ! Senile garrulity!
Twaddling ninnies ! The writer is, moreover, ex-
ceedingly morose with Mr. Dickens. He quar
rels with the first number of "Dombey and
Son," because of Mr. Chick humming to himself
Right tot loorul ; and yet he, himself, in page 635,
obliges the reader with " Bow, wow, wow, wow !"
He objects to the painful minuteness of Mr. Dickens's
style of description ; and yet, in page 626, he him-
self tells us that he took with him into the country
"a stock of Lee's port and sherry—six pounds of real
tea—three bottles of whisky—four of anchovy paste
—two pounds of mustard, &c. &c.," as if any one
cared one straw about the contents of his larder,
wine-cellar, spice-box, and so forth ! Again, he is
excited to indignation by Mr. Dickens giving us such
an elaborate account of a race between two watches,
and yet he himself fills an entire column of the maga-
zine with a highly interesting harangue delivered by
himself (the writer) to his (the writer's) dog, and
wherein the said dog is addressed as " a little sinner,"
as " doggy," and by other equally sensible titles.
When we find him at another moment quoting that
comical passage about Dombey's son, who, lying
in his cradle with his little fists curled up and
clenched, "seemed in his feeble way," says "Boz," " to
be squaring at existence for having come upon him so
unexpectedly," when we find the writer transcribing
this in large letters, placing three notes of admiration
after it, and calling it " the brutal idea of a prize-
fighter," we perceive that he has no capacity what-
ever for appreciating what is extravagantly humour-
ous. In other respects this article is pleasant and
readable. " Prussian Military Memoirs" is an agree-
able contribution. The " Marlborough Dispatches,"
and " A New Sentimental Journey," are continued
with spirit ; and these, with a trenchant criticism on
" Mohun Lal's Life of Dost Mohammed Khan," and
a laborious inquiry into the " Operation of the Eng-
lish Poor-laws," compose a very varied and rather
unequal number of Blackwood.