The Sun.
London, England, 1846-10-08 00:00:00

THE UNITED STATES

LIVERPOOL, WEDNESDAY.
By the packet-ship Yorkshire, Captain Bailey,
which arrived in the Mersey this morning from New
York, after a fine run of twenty days, we have re-
ceived advices from that city of the 16th ultimo.
The Yorkshire also brought a considerable number
of passengers, and during the passage encountered
very severe weather.
These advices, though but one day later than those
received by the last Halifax steamer, communicate a
mass of interesting details concerning the movements
of the United States forces. The result of Santa
Anna's return to the Government of Mexico upon
the relations of the country with the United States,
would appear to remain still entirely doubtful. The
tone of the American journals would seem to indicate
however, a less confident belief that pacific effects
were to follow.
The details received from the United States force
in Cahahuila possess considerable interest. The ut-
most activity prevailed at Camargo in the dispatch
of the troops en route to the interior. All the regu-
lars, with the exception of one regiment, had left the
depot ; and General Taylor, according to the latest
dispatches received at Washington, expected to snake
a further advance with the volunteers by the Ist of
September at the latest. General Wallis's brigade
had left on the 22d of August, with orders to ad-
vance towards Monterey as far as the village of
China, and to remain there until further advised.
The reports made to General Taylor as re-
gards the state of the roads were very unfavourable.
Colonel Hays, who with his regiment had succes-
sively visited the towns of San Fernando and China,
lying in the route, returned on the 26th of August
to Camargo, and reported to the Commander-in-

Chief that the advancing troops, baggage, &c., would
encounter many difficulties, and the men experience
great fatigue, from the rugged nature of the
ground over which the route lay. Nothing like a
military road, or one affording easy transit for armed
bodies, from Camargo to Monterey, indeed, existed.
From San Fernando to China, a distance of 100
miles, Colonel Hays found the road exceedingly un-
even, and occasionally precipitous, ascending and de-
scending huge hills, thickly covered with jungle and
chaparral, and brushwood interlacing, so as to render
the pioneers' labour indispensable. During his march
he had visited all the ranchos or farms, which studded
the country in profusion, but the most profound
tranquillity reigned throughout.
The accounts with regard to the Mexican force
still remain indefinite and meagre. A report was in
circulation at Matamoras that a party of American
adventurers had taken possession of Monterey with-
out encountering resistance.
From other quarters on the Mexican frontier the
accounts published in the newspapers are of no mo-
ment. The advices received from St. Louis, how-
ever, express fears that General Kearney's command
would fall short of supplies. The Indians were car-
rying on a system of depredation against the traders.
It is stated in some of the letters published in the
journals that they had offered their services to
the Mexican commandant at Santa Fe, to harass
the army. This statement has not since been con-
firmed.

From the Pacific there is no further intelligence.
The United States ship Columbus was expected on
the coast of California.

The internal affairs of the United States are en-
tirely unimportant. Mr. Bancroft was expected to
leave New York for London by the Great Western,
on the Bth of October. Mr. M'Lane had had an
audience with the President at Washington. We
learn from St Louis that two Mormon spies had been
shot by the anti-Mormon mob at Nauvoo. This, it
is feared, is the commencement of a sanguinary con-
flict between these factions.

The ship Eben Preble, from this port to New
Orleans, had been lost near Key West on the 27th of
August. The ship on that day struck on the Double-
headed Shot Keys, causing her to leak very badly,
and in attempting to reach Key West the leak in-
creased, and the officers and crew were obliged to
abandon her with eight feet of water in her hold.
They were taken off by the brig Harriet, of Port-
land, Captain Collogan, from Havannah for Philadel-
phia, and afterwards but narrowly escaped ship-
wreck on board the vessel in a storm off Cape Hat-
teras. The Eben Preble was afterwards taken into
Key West by the wreckers.
From Canada we have accounts to the 14th ult.
They are entirely unimportant.

OPERATIONS OF THE ARMY AND NAVY.
(From the Washington Union.)
The last mails bring no very late intelligence from
the army on the Rio Grande. The last dispatches from
General Taylor state, that the army will be on the ad-
vance for Monterey by the Ist of September, at the
latest—perhaps several days earlier. The country
begins to be impatient for action. The heroes of the
Bth and 9th of May displayed such energies on those
memorable occasions as could not but encourage the
most sanguine expectations of a prompt and vigorous
campaign. " Old Rough and Ready" has become the
sobriquet of the Commanding General. We hope that
he will realise the character to the end of the chapter.
The General who leads an army into an enemy's country
should be full of resources—" self-balanced, self-centred"
—susceptible of the highest enthusiasm—capable of im-
parting it to all his followers—bold as well as active—
confident of himself—exerting every means, and employ-
ing secondary substitutes according to the circumstances
in which he may be placed. Such, we hope, w ill prove
to be the course of the brave commander and the gal-
lant officers with whom he is associated. General Tay-
lor, it is now understood, has the means of transporta-
tion in his hands—mules as well as waggons. We hope
soon to hear of his rapid marches, and his victorious
progress.

(--The rumour has lately prevailed, for which we learn
there is no sort of foundation. It came in the shape of a
letter from Matamoras, about the 18th of August, and
was published a few days ago in the Baltimore Sun. It
states that on the preceding night 400 rancheros had
broken into the town and created some confusion-, that
it was the commencement of the guerilla mode of war-
fare, &c. The whole story was unfounded. It was an
idle quiz perpetrated upon the colonel of a volunteer
force, which betrayed him into some ridiculous blunders.
The plan of the campaign has been coneeived in a
decisive spirit, and we ought not to doubt that the suc-
cess of the results will correspond with the vigour of the
design.
Some little disappointment has been felt for the failure
of two or three small naval operations in the Gulf. And
the loss of the Truxton is a source of sincere regret ;
but no official account has been received from Captain
Carpenter to explain the whole transaction. Whether
or why he reposed confidence in the strange pilot, whom
he had captured, and then whether he was betrayed by
the treachery of his guide, or whether the guide himself
was mistaken about the coast ; and what are the parti-
cular circumstances which induced him to surrender his
men at Tuxpan, and why he did not strike for some effi-
cient place of escape, if any were practicable, still re-
mains to be explained by the captain himself, whose
character has stood so fair and so high in the service of
his country. The Mexican coast on the Gulf is full of
shoals and sandbars, which are calculated to impede the
approach of our vessels, and the debarkation of our
troops, and to call forth all the circumspection of our
naval officers.

The events and prospects on the coast of California
are bright and cheering. There is reason to believe that
before this time the whole of that coast has been occu-
pied by our squadron. Monterey is certainly taken, and
Guimas, and it is certain that the Yerba Buena, on the
bay of San Francisco, was summoned by Captain Mont-
gomery, and it is believed to have been taken without
resistance.

We met at the War Department this evening with a
captain in Colonel Stephenson's regiment. He informs
us that the troops were being paid off some months in
advance, as they were actually embarked, and that
they would certainly sail for the Pacific in the course of
tkis week.

COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.
(From the New York Journal of Commerce.)

NEW YORK, SEPT. 15.
Cotton—There are reports of some large lots sold for
export, say 2,000 bales, but the exact truth is not out.
Prices steady.
Flour is rather heavy, though the sales so far as made
are at the top prices of yesterday, 1,000 bbls., half
Michigan, half Genesee, brought 4 dolls. 75c. to ship ;
500 quite good Ohio, 4 dolls. 871 c., and extra 5 dolls. ;
250 B bad N 0, 4 dolls. ; southern, 4 dolls. 62ic. to
75c.

Wheat rather heavy; rye sold at 73c and 73ic. ar.d
for future delivery at more still; corn, no sales, and only
one small sample held at 70c.; canal oats have got up to
33c. to 34c.

Ashes, 3 dolls. 75c. and 4 dolls. 50c.; whisky, 23ic.
.0 24c.

Bone, 5,0001 b. southern, at 341, to ship.
Pork firm, and bbl. lard a little better. Sales, prime,
at 63e per lb.
There was an auction sale to day of South American
hair and hides, in good order, at very low rates.
Sterling, 9 to 94 pm.; francs, 5,281, sales.
P.S. EVENING.—The sales of cotton are probably
1,000 to 1,500 baits. Several sales were made to spin-
ners at steady prices. 10,000 bushels of rye sold at
731 c.; 2,500 barrels of Genesee flour to arrive at
4 dolls. 75c. , ,

The census which has just been taken of the popu-
lation of the city of New York makes it to be-360,000 ;
while that cf London and Westminster is nownearly two
millions I—Montreal Courier.