The Sun.
London, England, 1848-08-05 00:00:00

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LONDON, SATURDAY, AUGUST 5, 1848.

LATEST FROM IRELAND.

[BY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.]

"DUBLIN, FRIDAY EVENING.
"Twenty of the rebels implicated in the affray near
allingarry were arrested yesterday (Thursday) by
police. They arrived here this forenoon, and are
Ddged for the present in the Royal Barracks.
"Lord Hardinge leaves this to-morrow for Bain-
.
garry.

Four arrests were made in Dublin late last
night. Three of the persons are law clerks, the
- fourth a printer.
" S. Meany and Joseph Brennan, writers in the
Felon, were arrested in Loughrea yesterday.
" The midday mail from the south reports all
quiet, and, as usual, no news of the rebel leaders."
• Our reporter, writing from Ballingarry on Thurs.
day night, says
" General M'Donald and the troops have just moved
off in the direction of Thurles. I have reason to be •
lieve that they are employed on some business of im-
portance.
" About SO arrests have been made here.

" A large assortment of wearing apparel, belonging
to Smith O'Brien, was found last night at the widow
Lakin's cabin on the common."

. Accounts arrived by express from Bristol this
morning inform us, that when the Juverna (arrived
at Bristol this morning) left Cork everything was

quiet.

The following are extracts from the Electric Tele-
graph Company's express, dated Dublin, Friday,

Blx P.M. :-

" Messrs. Smith O'Brien, Diheny, and Meagher
are supposed to be on the Kepper Mountains, and a
large body of police were dispatched this morning to
that district.

" The three rebel leaders are reported. to have
been together yesterday in uniform, well armed,r and
calling upon the country people for support.
• (From the Dublin Pilot, August 4 )
On inqUiry at the terminus of the Cashel Rail-
way at the moment the three o'clock mail train
arrived, we learned that a large constabulary force
had proceeded from different points
.at twelve
o'clock last night, and others at early hours
this morning, so as to form a cordon, in
the diection of the Kepper Mountains, the
main access to which is by a deep and sullen
gorge, the summits on each side being surmounted
with huge stones. 1,100 of the constabulary are
said to be engaged in his movement : none of the
troops take part in it.

Ths recent intelligence from Ireland is of the same
character as that which we have communicated to our
readers for the last two or three days. There is
an
external appearance of tranquillity, and even at the
scene of the late insurrectionary
the movement no indi-
cations are perceptible, with exception of the
presence of a military force, that could teed any per-
sonteAd mener had
to suppose that a large body of arm
within a few days waged war upon her AjE
attacked tht constabulary engaged in herser'vainnd
No certain account has been received of the rebele
leaders, and it is more than probable that they are
still lurking about the country, and obtaining shelter
and protection from the peasantry, who, as we yes.
terday pointed out, are prepared to undergo any risk
rather than to deny the assistance that !nay be asked
for by the fugitives. Many arrests have taken
place of persons charged with having hagbourthl

rebel generals, o r having taken a part in the late out- I
break. Proclamations have also been issued an-
nouncing that every person affording protection to,
or harbouring parties accused of high treason, are
themselves guilty of the same crime, and render
themselves liable to capital punishment. Even this
intimidation has, however, proved inefficacious, and
no trustworthy statements have been elicited from
any of the parties interrogated, although warned of
the consequences they might themselves incur by
persisting in a contumacious refusal to declare the
whole truth.

In Cork several of the leading members of the
Irish Confederation have been arrested. Amongst
others, DENNY LANE and M. J. Bazar, barristers-
at-law; Messrs. Isaac and Ralph VARIAN, and Mr.
Muums, one of the town-councillors. Messrs.
S. J. MEANT, one of the editors of the Tribune,
and JOSEPH BRENNAN, one of the principal writers
in the Irish Felon, who was notorious for his open
and advised speaking and writing, have just been
apprehended at Gort, in the county of Galway.
They had absconded from Dublin immediately on the
passing of the Suspension of the Habeas Corpus Act.
and their names were published in the Hue and Cry,
as having been concerned in treasonable practices.
Several "suspected" persons have also been taken
up in various parts of the country. No resistance has
in any instance been offered to the execution of the legal
process, or attempt made to rescue the prisoners. In
fact, with the exception of those who were so deeply
implicated as to be rendered desperate, and to be-
lieve that their condition could not be dete-
riorated by any further acts, however atrocious,
the parties sought for have quietly surrendered them-
selves into the hands of those entrusted with warrants
for their apprehension. Another proof is hereby
afforded, if any such were required, of the total
suppression of the rebellion, and that no intention
whatsoever exists to attempt its revival.
In the discussion which ensued on Lord
BROUGHAM'S motion on Thursday, for copies of the
proclamations that had been recently issued by the
Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland, the Marquis of LANs-
DOWER admitted that " the insurrection (if it might
be called an insurrection) was practically at an
end." There is, therefore, no longer any reason
why remedial measures should not be introduced as
speedily as possible, although there might be
no possibility of carrying them through during
the present session. The mere statement of
the Ministerial intentions would be productive
of the most beneficial results, and would exer-
cise a sedative influence over the country. Of
course, the strictest precautions must be taken
against any future efforts of the disaffected portion of
the community, and every necessary power must be
conceded to the Irish Government. The real object
of the parties who have so long disturbed the coun-
try has now been clearly and distinctly manifested,
and the same delicacy should not be extended to
avowed traitors that should be evinced towards per-
sons seeking to obtain political changes, by legal and
constitutional means only. The privilege of retaining
arms has in too many instances been grossly abused!
It should not be again conceded, in the districts
where disaffection so widely prevailed, until the
people have given unequivocal evidence of amendment
and of the existence of a better feeling. The
right of association was perverted. The several
clubs that had been formed throughout the country
were made the foci of sedition, in which the most
atrocious designs were concocted, and the plans of the
traitors fully matured. These clubs, for the present,
have been dissolved, but they may be re-organized,
and it is essential that measures should be taken to
prevent the possibility. We long since pointed out
that a clause could easily be added to the Bill for the
suppression of Secret Societies in Ireland. That salu-
tary law will expire during the present year, and
must be renewed; and we rejoice to find that some
addition is contemplated thereto which will render
it more applicable to the state of Ireland. This
would be attained by requiring that every as-
sociation exceeding a certain number of per-
sons should obtain the sanction of the Go-
vernment, preliminary to their meetings, founded
on the recommendation of certain magistrates,
who vouched for the'correctness of their objects. The
liberty of the press had also degenerated into licen-
tiousness. The provisions of the Crown and Govern-
ment Security Bill, if judiciously acted on, will pre-
vent the possibility of the re-establishment of these
organs of treasons, or of any of a similar character, 1
and no further legislation is required on this point.

The Noble President of the Council also announced
that Parliament would only be prorogued for a short
period. Wby might not short adjournments be
made, in place of any prorogation, and the
necessity of dropping the really important
measures which hare proceeded so far through
the House would thereby be obviated. The Irish
Landlord and Tenant Bill might thus be passed,
a measure which, coupled with the Incumbered.
Estates Bill, would effect the most important ame-
liorations with respect to the tenure of land. The
promised extension of the franchise, which was intro-
duced by the Secretary for Ireland, might also be
carried. A measure of colonization might also be
introduced. Lord BaotronAst forcibly pointed out
the vast advantages thereof in his able speech on
Thursday—that destitution at home might be
exchanged for competence in a colony. It is
distinctly shown that an extensive emigration
to Australia would be alike beneficial to all
parties concerned, viz., the present inhabitants of the
colony, who would thereby have their great want, a
sufficiency of labour, supplied; the emigrants, who
would have ample employment, and an abundance of
all the necessaries of life at a reasonable rate; and the
mother country, which would be relieved of the
burden of maintaining so many paupers. The
anxiety that prevails, even in this eountry, to take
advantage of% he benefits attainable by colonization,
may be judged from the fact of the eager manner in
which the Emigration Circular has recently been
sought for. We are informed, on unquestion-
able authority, that within two days after
it became known that there was a document contain-
ing such information the: places in which it could
be obtained were literally beseiged by applicants, and
4,400 copies were distributed, viz., 2,000 by the
Emigration-office, 9, Park-street, Westminster, 1,700
copies from- Mr. C. KNIGHT, 22, Ludgate-street, and
700 from Messrs. SMITH and ELDER, Cornhill. This
anxiety should be taken advantage of, and every
facility afforded to the parties desirous of bettering
their condition in another land.

From the perilous situation of 'the Piedmontese,
coupled with the refusal of France to adventure upon
an armed interference, it becomes important to reflect
upon the chances and the probabilities which still
remain for the revival of the nationality of the
Italians. Yesterday we explained that the advance
of General OUDINOT at the head of the army of the
Alps would be altogether unjustifiable until the for-
tunes of the King of SARDINIA appeared to be alto-
gether desperate, and we asserted, moreover, that,
notwithstanding the hurried retirement of that So-
VEREIGN and his soldiers behind the Oglio, the libe-
ration of Northern Italy from the yoke of Austria
was still by no means impracticable. The proclamation
addressed by Claw) ALBBRTO on the 25th ultimo to
his troops, and dated from the royal head-quarters at
Bozzolo, has reached our hands since those observa-
tions were written; and every sentence in that pro-
clamation, as well as every subsequent movement of
the Piedmontese army, only tends to corroborate the
accuracy of our deductions.
Whatever glory has
been reaped during the campaign in Lombardy has
been reaped, as yet, by the swords of the Piedmon-
tese. Latterly, it is true, they have been compelled
to retreat with precipitation, but their precipita-
tion is in no respect ignominious, inasmuch as
they are being beaten back by an over-
whelming superiority of numbers. They retire,
but they retire with two thousand prisoners. They
hurry back from the line of the Mincio, but they
stand at bay on the banks of the Oglio. They yield
the historic pass of Goito, but they dispute the pos-
session of Piadina. Fortunately for France her
Foreign Minister has refused to yield to the entreaties
of the Extraordinary Envoy from the Milanese, and
in so doing M. BASTIDE 'has demonstrated in a bril-

liant manner his faithfulness to the pacific policy of
his great predecessor, M. DE LAMARTINE. Nor must it
be imagined from this refusal that the French Republic
is indifferent to the fate of the Roman penin-
sula. Neither must it be supposed for an instant
Lthat there is the slightest vestige of pusillanimity in

her avowed disinclination to plunge bodily into the
struggle between RADETZKY and his royal antagonist.
There is, on the contrary, a far-seeing generosity to
wards the population of Lombardy, Sardinia, and
indeed of the whole of that classic peninsula in the
determination announced to Europe in the recent de-
cision of General CAVAIGNAC and his republican col-
leagues. Supposing France were at this moment to
respond to the call of the Milanese, suppos-
ing General OUDINOT were to lead his men
into the plains of Lumellina, and that
the soldiers of France were to place themselves at the
disposal of Sardinia, what would be the certain con•
sequence ? Putting on one side the disasters which
would certainly ensue in Germany, and, in all human
likelihood, in France herself, there would follow
all those miseries, doubts, heartburnings, and dis-
appointments, which are inseparable from the distri-
bution and interlineation of territorial boundaries.
As a reasonable compensation to her for the might of
her assistance, and also as an acknowledgment for
her acquiescence in the union of Lombardy to Sar
dinia, the French Republic would for a dead certainty
absorb into her own dominions the contiguous
mountains of Savoy. To say nothing of the
quarrels which would ensue, the axe would assuredly
by this means be laid to the very root of Italian
nationality. If only on this account, therefore, it is
earnestly to be hoped by France, by Italy, by Aus-
tria, nay, by the whole of Europe, that the policy of
LAMARTINE, continued by CAVAIGNAC, will be per-
sisted in at all hazards by the councils of the French
Republic.

In the event of the continuance of success to RA'
DETZKY, it is by no means improbable that the Diet
of Vienna will anticipate the combined mediation of
France and England by the proffer of a pacification on a
novel basis. Events have long proved to Austria that
the time .of her dominion has long since expired in
Germany, and those events have also demonstrated to
her the suppressed animosity and growing ambition of
the King of SARDINIA—an animosity and an ambition
which have been revealed in striking characters by
his daring efforts during the spring and summer of
1848 to bind his brows with the iron crown of
NAPOLEON and CHARLEMAGNE. These facts have
prepared the Government of Vienna, first to yield the
kingdom of Lombardy to the Italians, and secondly
to curb as much as possible the power of CARLO AL-
BERTO. It is evident, therefore, that the two prin-
cipal objects of that Government will be to retain the
Venetian territories as an appenage of the House of
Hapsburg, and so to resign the sway of Lombardy
as that instead of adding to the power of Sardinia it
shall tend to counterbalance the influence of its am-
bitious Monarch. To do this there remains but one
alternative—either to permit of the establishment of
an independent Republic at Milan, which the Imperial
Councils of Vienna would never dream of doing; or
to consent to the amalgamation of the Lombards and
the Tuscans under the command of the popular
Archduke LEOPOLD, with the title of King, say, for
example, King of Northern Italy, which by that means
he would virtually and actually become. The latter
conjecture seems to us to be by no means
chimerical ; for by such an arrangement
the interests of so many would . be con-
sulted. LEOPOLD, indeed, would be about the most
probable choice of Austria, in the event of Austria
being obliged by circumstances to choose a ruler for
Lombardy among the sovereign Princes of Italy. For
besides being of German origin, the ARCHDUKE has
the advantage of being heart and soul an Italian.
His dynastic associations would gratify the vanity of
Germany, while his liberality and patriotism would
secure the confidence of Italy. Beyond all which,
the Monarch of Sardinia would by such an arrange-
ment be effectively crippled; his policy would not
preponderate over the counsels of the Italian League ;
and he would be prevented from gratifying
his spleen against Austria, and from developing
his ambition southwards. Supposing such a scheme
were adopted as the fundamental basis of a treaty
of peace, the dominions of LEOPOLD would not only
embrace Lombardy and Tuscany, but would also, by
an inevitable necessity, include the minor principa-
lities of Parma, Guastalla, and Modena. 'The boun-
dary line between Austrian Venice and Tuscan
Lombardy being of course the line of the river
Mincio, running southwards from the Lake of Garda
to its confluence with the Po. In such a scheme "as
the one we have here explained, and in such a scheme
alone can we see the prospect of -a happy settle
meat to those difficulties which have so lung desolated
Lombardy. A stipulation of this character would
mitigate, in some measure, the misery of Austria in
the inevitable loss of her Italian territories; it would
disappoint the selfish and dangerous hopes of CARLO
ALBERTO, by counterbalancing his power, and dimi-
nishing his means of vengeance; above all,
.it would
fulfil the aspirations of the peninsula, and lead to the
re-establishment and consolidation of its nationality.
Meanwhile, Venice would have to afford an instance
otsulalime magnanimity by awaiting with majestic
confidence the fulfilment of its destiny.

SPAIN.

Madrid papers of the 30th ult. have arrived.

The Duke of SOTOMATOR has been appointed
Ambaisador to the French Republic. PIDAL will be
the new Foreign Minister. There was no Bolsa on
the 80th.

THE FRENCH REPUBLIC.

We have received the Paris papers of yesterday.
The Journal des Debats has the following on the
subject of the mission of M. Ricci from King
CHARLES ALBERT to the French Republic :
" M. Albert Ricci, ancient ambassador from Sardinia
to Austria, and Minister of Finance in the last Piedmon-
tese Cabinet, has arrived in Paris, charged with a spe-
cial mission for the French Government. He has already
been received by General Cavaignac, President of the
Council, and by M. Bastide, Minister for Foreign Affairs.
Rumours of all kinds have been flying about on the ob-
ject of this mission contided by the Government of the
King Charles Albert to M. Ricci. If our information be
correct, M. Ricci is not come to demand the intervention
of a French army, but the co-operation simply of some
officer's of the Etat Major, with supplies of munitions
of war. Above all, for a. battering train to replace that
which has been lost in the combats fought on the
Mincio."

In the sitting of the National Assembly, on Thurs-
day, M. BaUCHART presented the following report
from the Committee of Inquiry into the affairs of
May and June :
" You have confided to us the important charge of
examining the causes of the events of May and June,
and the connexion existing between those attempts. We
hare sought the intention of the Assembly in the decree
by which we were instituted.—(M. Bauchart hero cited
the terms of the decree constituting. the Committee of
Inquiry.) Thus; continued M. Bauchart, you have
decided that the inquiry should be public, and that
it should not be judicial ; accordingly, in your omnipo-
tenoe, you have had respect to the division of remi-
niscences. We have surrounded ourselves with the
illumination of magistrates ; but we have been stopped
at the moment when we were about to enter upon the
domain of justice. The relation between the two
fatal epochs of May and June we have sought for,
as you directed, in order to assign to each the part
which is his due. We hare not withdrawn before any-
thing, and we have this consolation to reflect upon, that
our authority has been implicitly obeyed, and that each
has lent to the work the most ready concurrence. All
have submitted before our power. Nevertheless, a cer-
tain number of witnesses have not completed their de-
positions, and otherwise have preserved the anonymous.
Such is the terror which impresses the factious.—( Ex-
citement.) But before the courage of the Assembly,
before the immunity of our work, justice and truth
have regained their rights, and the factious have not
only lowered the head, but have even submitted. I
ought here at once to characterise the two attempts. In
the. first revolution each catastrophe had its explication
in events internal and external, in the doctrines spread
in a society under the impression of strange influences.
But here there were neither causes nor pretexts, and the
history of the world does not present a parallel ex
ample. The National Assembly was awaited with Brea'
and just impatience, being the consequences of the
sovereignty of the people driven to its last resources.
The National Assembly, on the first day of- its meet-
ing proclaimed a republic, and thinking but of its past
bermes, declare() that the Provisional Government had
deserved the thanks of the country. Wishing to pro-
mote nothing but sentiments of conciliation, the Na-
tional Assembly still retained the principal members of
nted, who for
the Provisional Government in the new Executive
; but found
Power ; and, after its first operations, and while stand-
ing alone, the Assembly, invested with the full confi-
ypeaotptalec,kepdrocbeyedethdetodiitsscownoterk
hours surrounded the Assembly. Wishing not to
three
itselfde n co
moderation, the Assembly ordered no in-
quirydepart from its _
of these
to take place into the cause disturbances;
ionfstathnetl
and, later, when the most democratic constitution was
preparing,
when
measures for the general good were
being taken in the
different committees—in the bu-
reaux, to ameliorate condition
the of the workmen,
and to prevent, by the closing of the national workshops,
—•
that misery might not remain without assistance
d for some length
then, by an insurrection prepare