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No. 16,929. LON DON, TUESDAY EVENING S 111 Ny DECEMBER 22, 1846. ParcE SD.

STOCK of GENUINE WINES, directed to be SOLD in consequence
of a Dissolution of Partnership, and to be delivered from the Cel-
lars, in the Adelphi.
TVIRiELELDbAyIUALNTCDTIONROaphINs
Rooms,iS is inncstorvuenett-eoludetno
To-MORROW, at Twelve,
A CELLAR OF REMARKABLY CHOICE AND GENUINE
WINES,
-

GUN COTTON.

RAILWAY INTELLIGENCE.
COLUMN OF CALLS.
The following are a few of the calls advertised up to
this period for December and January, with the amount
payable on each share. The first sixteen are for Decem-
ber, the remaining thirty-eight for January, the majority
of which are called up by the old lines, who more than
divide the demand with the lines of last session:—
North Staffordshire £2 18
East and West Yorkshire Junction 2 10
Enfield and Edmonton
Northern and Eastern, New.
Glssgow, Barrhesd, and Neilston, New
Dieppe and Fecamp
Aberdeen
Scottish Central
Caledonian (Clydesdale Junction)
Paris and Lyons
Boulogne and Amiens
Huddersfield and Sheffield Junction
Manchester and Leeds, Huddersfield and
Sheffield Junction, 501. shares . --4 5 0
Sheffield, Ashton-under-Lyne, and Manches-
ter, One-eighth shares (late N 0.3 Quarters) 2 10
Taw Vale Railway and Dock Company 1 0
Ipswich and Bury St. Edmund's
Edinburgh and Northern, 15/. shares
'Liverpool and Bury, 10/. shares
Manchester, Bolton, and Bury, Fifths.
Manchester and Leeds, Quarter shares
Manchester and Leeds (Liverpool and Bury
101. shares)
Midland, Erewash Valley 5 0
London and Blackwall, New shares 1 0
Lynn and Ely
Northern and Eastern
Fleetwood, Preston, and West Riding Junction 0 10
Newcastle and Carlisl4, New-100/. .shares -20- 0-
Newcastle and Carlisle, New Quarters
Newry, Warrenpoint, and Rosstrevor 5 0
Midland Six per cent. shares (late Bristol and
Gloucester shares), 2/. on the 50/. shares;
3/. 14s. 6d. on the 37/. ss. shares. Ja•
nuary 5, 1847.
Midland Extension Lines, New 40/ shares 6 0
Midland Great Western of Ireland, 50/. shares 5 0
Ambergate, &c....., 1 5
South-Eastern and Dover, No. 4 1 5
Leeds, Dewsbury, and Manchester, 50/. shares 5 0
Great Western, 17/. shares
Great Western, Quarter shares
Bristol and Exeter, Thirds
Dutch Rhenish
Great Luxembourg
London and North Western (Grand Junc-
tion 25/. shares)
Eastern Counties, 14/. 16s. shares
Eastern Counties, New 4/. 16s. shares
Thames Haven Dock and Railway
Reading, Guildford, and Reigate 1 8
London, Brighton, and South Coast
South Wales
Leeds and Bradford .. 5 0
Eastern Counties (York Extension) 2 0
Northern of France
Belfast and Ballymena
Taw Vale Railway and Dock Company 1 0
Eastern Counties, New shares 2 0

Birkenhead, East Lancashire, Edinburgh and Glasgow,
London and North-Western, Taff Vale, Ulster, Ipswich
and Bury.
It is said that the reformed board of the Manchester
and Leeds intend declaring a dividend at their next half-
yearly meeting, at the rate of eight per cent.
The Scottish papers state that the English proprietors
in the Edinburgh and Glasgow, who hold about 3-4ths
of the stock, have determined that the Sunday traini
shall be immediately resumed.
The York and North Midland intend, with the new
year, to take in! hand the formation of the railway and
works from Selby to Market Weighton, a distance c f
about 16 miles ; the formation of the railway and works
from Copmanthorpe to Tadcaster, a distance of about
sewn miles • and those on the Harrogate Branch Ex-
tension, a distance of one mile. Also, the stations,
buildings, and other works on the East Riding Branch
(Leeds Extension), Selby to Market Weighton, Harro-
gate Extension, and Copmanthorpe to Tadeaster.
The South-Eastern will first commence that portion of
their North Kent line extending from Erith and the
Surrey Canal, a distance of 14 miles.
The Leeds and Thirsk are contracting for their
carriages and conveyances fur general merchandise.
The Ashburton, Newton, and South Devon meet
to-day to consider the sale of their line to the South
Devon.

ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, SITTING OF DE

CEMBER P 13.

Although the French Government has fulminated its
decree against the fulminating cotton, it cannot prevent
the experiments of scientitic men, or the publication of
them in the sittings of the Academy. As many commu-
nications on this subject are sent in as if the Government
had declared the manufacture and sale of this substance
free. We do not, however, find anything in the last
papers worthy of notice except an estimate by M.
Pelouze of the coast of manufacture. According to this
gentleman, 170 kilogrammes (about 3801 b. English) will
cost, exclusive of labour, which is not an important item
considering how little of it is required, 317 fr., being less
than lfr. per French pound. It is easy to conceive, ther4-
fore, that if gunpowder can be advantageously replaced
by explosive cotton, and the Government were to permit
the free sale of the substitute, it would lose an important
source of revenue, as the price of gunpowder, the
manufacture and sale of which is a Government mono-
poly, is so much superior to that at which the cotton
could be sold. We are not to suppose, however, that
this consideration has had any weight with the Ministry
as regards the recent prohibition of explosive cotton.
If this new discovery would replace gunpowder, the
Government would, as a matter of course, take the
manufacture and sale into its own hands, giving an in-
demnity to the persons who may have taken out patents in
France for different modes of preparing the substance.
We have heard of only one patent having been taken out,
but it is probable that there are several. If it be declared
illegal to make and sell explosive cotton, all that can
be said is, that it is a strange inconsistency for a Go-
vernment to grant a patent right where no right can
be exercised, and we think the Minister of Commerce
would have done well if he had refused to sign the
patents for this manufacture ; but this is a point upon
which we shall not enlarge, particularly as, subsequent
to the order for the prohibition, the Moniteur published a
sort •f explanation of the motives which induced it. We
learn from this explanation that the prohibition is not a
final one, and are warranted in believing thatif experience
should show the properties of explosive cotton to be
better than those of gunpowder, and the dangers attend-
ing the preparation to be comparatively small, the
prohibition will be withdrawn. The objections at
present are, that the preparation is dangerous, and
that the properties of the new substance are now suffi-
ciently known. On the first point we must be permitted
to observe that the danger is much smaller than with
gunpowder. It is no argument to say that some acci-
dents have taken place. If gunpowder were an inven.
tion of the present day, and as many unskilful and care-
less hands had been engaged in the preparation of it as
has been the case with the explosive cotton, the accidents
would have been much more numerous and far more
calamitous than anything that has been authenticated in
the accounts which have, appeared of explosions during
the preparation of the cotton. On the second point,
however, the reason assigned by the Government for
the prohibition is good. It has not yet been proved
that the fulminating or explosive cotton is a perfect sub-
stitute for gunpowder. Many inconveniences have been
pointed out by scientific and practical men, and its ex-
plosive power is unknown. In one case several grains
have been fired in a pocket pistol, without the slightest
indication of danger to the person using the article ; in
another a quantity of cotton, equal only in weight to the
hundredth part of the ordinary charge of gunpowder,
burst a proof mortar. With such facts before it, the
Government is wise to pause.— Galignani.

presenting to the connoisseur a rare opportunity to possess wines of
the finest quality, the sale taking place under a dissolution of part-
nership of an old established concern in the Adelphi, proverbial for
the excellence of their stock. The wines comprise 11 bins, or 262
dozens of brown, golden colour, and pale Sherries, of pure and dry
qualities, and of Martinez, D iwson Campbell's, and Sebastian Smith's
shipping ; 90 dozen, in three bins, of old crusted Port, of Sandeman's
and Thompson and Croft's shipping ; also, 50 dozen of choice full
flavoured Burgundy Port. These wines being old in bottle, of first-
rate quality, well-matured, and in the finest condition, a most tempt-
ing opportunity is presented to private buyers to replenish their
cellars for the approaching season.
Samples may be had, with catalogues, at the Offices in Covent-
garden.

RAILWAYS AND FRESH HERRlNGS.—Herrings caught
at Brighton in the morning are sold in the Midland
counties in the afternoon. This arises from the facilities
of transit by the London and Brighton and London and
North-Western Railway; and such has been the effect
in the reduction of prices, says our Birmingham cor-
respondent, " that the finest quality can now be had at
the rate of from twenty to twenty-five for'a shilling,
being a reduction of nearly two hundred per cent."

STATE OF TRADE.
ENGLISH WOOL MARKET, LEEDS, DEC. 18.—There
has been more firmness in this branch of trade during
the present week; sales have been rather more extensive,
although they have been chiefly to supply the present
wants of the manufacturers, and not arising from any
speculative excitement.

FOREIGN WOOL TRADE.—LEEDS, DEC. 18.--There
has been a fair average business done in foreign wools
this week, and prices are firmly suported.
LEEDS.—The usual dulness of the season has pre-
vailed at our cloth markets both on Saturday and Tues-
day last. The merchants continue to purchase only to
order. Goods maintain their price, and the stocks in the
manufacturers' hands are not larger than usual at this
period of the year. Although business is, as usual so near
Christmas, dull in the warehouses, the severity of :the
weather for the last few weeks has tended to create a
demand for heavy winter goods ; the stocks in the mer-
chants hands are in consequence lower than they were a
few weeks ago; but the foreign houses are doing little.
BRADFORD MARKET, DEC. 17.—The demand for
combing is again somewhat more restricted, on account
of the staplers having raised the prices. As there is a
great disproportion between the price of wool and yarn,
the spinners buy very sparingly, and with the greatest
care. We can report no improvement in the yarn trade.
The production of yarn is reduced to a very low
point, and there seems to be no chance of in-
crease until the turn of the year. There is an
average business done in pieces for the season.
A universal impressment seems, to prevail that we
shall have a fair, if not excellent spring trade, and we
hope there will not in this case be disappointment. There
is no alteration in prices within these two weeks ; some
manufacturers, with rather heavy stocks, have been much
reduced.

SHEFFIELD AND MANCHESTER—CUTTING
FIRST SOD OF THE WLIALEY-BRIDGE
BRANCH.
On Friday afternoon the ceremony of cutting the first
sod of the Whaley-bridge Branch of the Sheffield,
Ashton-under-Lyne, and Manchester Railway, extend-
ing a distance of twelve miles from Dukinfield to Wha-
ley Bridge, took place under very auspicious circum-
stances. The-day, considering the season of the year,
was fine, and that attracted many people to the scene of
the ceremony. At one o'cleck a special first-class train
left Manchester, and at half-past eleven a special train
left Sheffield, with the directors of the company, share-
holders, and well-wishers of the undertaking. The
Manchester train first reached the Dukinfield station,
but shortly after its arrival the train from Sheffield took
its place at the appointed rendezvous. Immediately
after alighting from the carriages, the company pro-
ceeded along a narrow and slippery lane, for a distance
of about two miles, to the field, on the estate of Mr.
Dukinfield Astley, in which it had been arranged that
the ceremony of cutting the first sod should take place.
At this spot there was a very numerous attendance of
gentlemen, farmers, and cottagers connected with the
neighbourhood.

FORTUNES MADE BY ADVER

TISING.

From a small pamphlet, entitled " The Art of Making
Money," an extract has been taken, and is going the
round of the provincial press, pointing out the facility of
making immense sums by the simple process of con-
tinuous advertising. Doubtless large sums have been,
are, and will be made by such a system by certain per-
sons of ability, who no doubt would make their way in
the world if called upon to play different parts on the
great stage of life • but to suppose that men in general
must as a matter Of course acquire wealth by such means
is as absurd as to imagine that all the penniless and shoe-
less of London are capable of rising to the dignity and
wealth of an alderman or the Lord Mayor of London,
simply by reading the " Young Man's Best Com-
panion." Money is not so easily made as the writer of
the article referred to would lead people to suppose ; if
it be so, few need be poor. But to our text : fortunes
made by advertising. Undoubtedly the greatest man
of the day as an advertiser is Holloway, who
expends the enormous -sum of twenty thousand
pounds annually in advertisements alone ; his
name is not only to be seen in nearly every paper
and periodically published in the British isles, but as if
this country was too small for this individual's exploits,
he stretches over the whole of India, having agents ict
' all the different parts of the upper, central, and lower
provinces of that immense country, publishing his medi-
caments in the Hindoo, Oordoo, Goozratee, Persian, and
other native languages, so that the Indian public can
take the pills and use his ointment, according to general
directions, as a Cockney would do within the sound of
Bow bells. We find him again at Ilong Kong and Can-
ton, making his medicines known to the Celestial by
means of Chinese translation. We trace him from thence to
the Philippine Islands, where he is circulating his prepa-
rations in the native languages. At Singapore he has a
large depot : his agents there supply all the islands in
the Indian seas. His advertisements are published in
most of the papers at Sydney, Hobart Town, Launceston,
Adelaide, Port Philip, and indeed in almost every town
of that vast portion of the British empire. Returning
homewards, we find his pills and ointment selling
at Valparaiso, Lima, Callao, and other ports in the
Pacific. Doubling the Horn, we track him in the
Atlantic—at Monte Video, Buenos Ayres, Santos, Rio
de Janeiro, Bahia, and Pernambuco : he is advertising
in those parts in Spanish and Portuguese. In all the
British West India Islands, as also in the Upper and
Lower Canadas, and the neighbouring provinces of Nova
Scotia and New Brunswick, his medicines are as fami-
liarly known, and sold by every druggist, as they are at
home. In the Mediterranean we find them selling at
Malta, Corfu, Athens, and Alexandria, besides at Tunis
and other portions of the Barbary states. Any one taking
the trouble to look at the "Journal" and " Courier" of
Constantinople, may find in these, as well as other
papers, that Holloway's medicines are regularly adver-
tised end selling throughout the Turkish empire ; and
even in Russia, where an almost insurmountable barrier
exists, the laws there prohibiting the entr6) of patent
medicines, Holloway's ingenuity has been at work, and
obviates this difficulty by forwarding supplies to his
agent at Odessa, a port situated on the Black Sea, where
they filter themselves surreptitiously by various chan-
nels, into the very heart of the empire. Africa has
not been forgotten by this indefatigable man, who
has an agent on the River Gambia ; also at Sierra
Leone, the plague spot of the world, the
inhabitants readily avail themselves of the ointment and
pills ; thus we can show our readers that Holloway has
made the complete circuit of the globe, commencing with
India, and ending, as we now do, with the Cape of Good
Hope, where his medicines are published in the Dutch
anti English languages ; and while speaking of Dutch,
we have heard that he has made large shipments to Hol•
land, and is about advertising in every paper or pet iodical
published in that kingdom ; we might also add that he
has also started his medicine in some parts of France,
in some portions of Germany, as also in some of the
Italian states. We have been at some little trouble to
collect all these facts, because we fear that the article
before alluded to, " the Art of making Money," is cal-
culated to lead people to spend their means in the hope
(as the author states) of making a hundred thousand
ythearfsollfoowr heiusehpaainms,enbyaheohdoinllgowuapy,aws
hano
is
ites,aeasypounds
example
really n sa x
Napoleon in his way. Many may
have the means, but have they the knowledge,
aonfd
these requisites,
neces-
sary ? Failing in any one
total
any enterprise requiringimmense energies o
ability, energy, judgment,
undertake
loss is certain. Holloway isa man calculated to
dis we should suse, in a fair w, an ,
of
not t
e fortune. coursppoe it is o our ay
body and mind. No doubt he has been well repaid for
all his labours
large of making a
we consider a dant
duty to place a lighthousewhat -
interest to deter. the public from advertising; but, as
guardians of the,
perhaps sooner or later pre-
d ruin to the sanguine and inexperi-
enced about to navigate in.
" Edinburgh Review," in a num-
bergerous shoal, which may
The Editor of the
bequest to posterity,
sidered he was making a desirable
amount of talent and abi-
by handing down to them theclass of large advertisers.
lay required by the present
published about three years ago, stated that he cen-
remarks, conjointly
prominently set forth; and if these
to come, it
with his, should descend to a generation of this article
will be known to what extent the subject
At that period Holloway's mode of advertising was most
merits of his
quent expenditure in making known t
ld.—Picterial
preparations to nearly the whole WOT
was able to carry out his views, together with
with the conse-
Times.

The usual preliminaries having been gone through,
Mr. JOHN CHAPMAN, Chairman of the Sheffield,
Ashton, and Manchester line, said they were met that
day, as they were all aware, to commence the operative
part of the works connected with the formation of the
Whaley-bridge branch of the Sheffield, Ashton, and
Manchester Railway.—(Cheers.) As chairman of that
company, he had to express the thanks of the directors
to Mr. Dukinfield Astley, for the prominent part which
he had consented to undertake in the commencement of
that !great work.—(Applause.) He hoped the work
would be carried forward in as auspicious a manner as
that in which it had commenced.—(Applause.) lie hoped
the work would progress in a satisfactory way until it
was concluded.—(Loud applause.)
Mr. Dukinfield Astley, then, amid loud cheers, cut an
immense sod in the usual manner, and wheeled it along
planks " like a regular navy." He returned along the
planks amidst great cheering, when some of the directors
and founders of the company cut sods. After this the
regular "navies" were called in, took the spade, mattock,
and wheel-barrow, and did excellent work, to the great
delight of the assembled multitude.
Mr. DUKINFIELD ASTLEY, on returning, after deliver-
ing his great sod, said he must take that opportunity of
expressing the great pleasure which he felt in assisting
at the commencement of a work which he had no doubt
would be of great advantage to those parts of the country
through which the line was to pass.—(Cheers.) He
thought nothing could be better (than to move three
cheers for the success of the work that they had just
commenced.—(Three times three, and three cheers
more.) Three cheers were then proposed for Mr. Ast-
ley, and after a short stay in the field, the meeting
broke up.
The chairman of the company (Mr. Chapman) pre-
sented to Mr. Astley a beautiful spade previous to his
cutting the first sod, and which bore the following in-
scription :—" This spade is presented to F. D. P. Astley,
Esq., by the directors of the Sheffield, Ashton-under-
Lyne, and Manchester Railway Company, in comme-
moration cf his having cut the first sod of the Whaley-
bridge branch, on the 18th of December, 1846." This
inscription was surmounted by a portrait of the Queen
on the shaft (which was made of maple wood), and by
Mr. Dukinfield Astley's coat of arms. On the reverse
side of the spade were the seal and arms of the com-
pany, and a list of the directors and principal officers of
the company. On the shaft were also a number of or-
naments. The spade was manufactured by Mr. Male•
ham, ironmonger, Sheffield.
The Earl of Yarborough, chairman of the Lincolnshire
and Sheffield Railways, would have been present both at
the cutting of the first sod and' at the dinner, had cir-
cumstances nA compelled him to be absent on the con-
tinent.

MANCHESTER, FRIDAY MORNING.—AS it would be a
hopeless task to give an intelligible account of the state
of our market this week, it will not be therefore at-
tempted. The trade is thrown into utter confusion by
the speculation in the staple, and no two persons appear
to be asking the same price for the same article. Short
time is, however, commencing in good earnest. Messrs.
Birley, the largest consumers of cotton in Manchester,
are now working short time, both in spinning and
weaving. They employ near 2,000 hands. Some of our
spinners who were so fortunate as to lay in very heavy
stocks of cotton at the lowest point, as well as to pur-
chase freely at a small advance, are now, instead of
keeping it for use, actually sending it down to Liverpool
for sale, being certain in that case of realising a large
profit, whilst if kept to carry on their establishments, if
a loss should not be sustained, at least no profit would
possibly be:derived. This is, indeed, " taking coals to
Newcastle." Such a state cithings cannot last long we
may be sure, still the fact is a strange cne.
(ANOTHER ACCOUNT.)
This market is quite deranged, in consequence of the
monstrous and phrenzied cotton speculations in Liver-
pool. Producers have generally, until yesterday, when
there was rather a disposition apparent in some quarters,
to all, declined to name a price, whether for goods or
yarns ; and, indeed, buyers have mostly kept aloof from
even making inquiries as to rates, knowing they would
be such as they could not pay. There has been some •
thing done in anticipation, at slightly advanced rates on
those paid last week, but buyers will rather wait the
result of business in the spring than pay the extreme
rates required. 'Printing cloths and shirtings are, of
course, in demand, as this is the season when printers
lay in their stocks, and higher relative prices are, con-
sequently, paid for these than for other classes of goods.
It appears that the immense concerns at Stalybridge,
Ashton, Todmorden, and elsewhere, are not simply going
on to short time, but are about to be closed altogether.
This is grappling with the cotton evil right vigorously ;
and we should hail it with unmingled satisfaction but ter
the sufferings which thereby must be entailed on the
operative classes.—Manchester Times.
NOTTINGIIAM.—The trade of Nottingham has deci-
dedly improved during the last week or two, in the
cotton and hosiery departments, and a tolerable trade is
expected in February and March.
LEICESTER.—Tho present seasonable weather has
caused more business to be done than usual, at this
period of the season, in the glove and hosiery branches,
and as it will enable the shopkeepers to clear off their
winter stocks, a good general demand is expected at the
beginning of the year. Worsteds are steady, and cotton
yarns are looking upwards. Wools are firm, at prices
in favour of the seller.—Leicester Journal.

The celebration of the dinner took place in the Music
Hall of the Albion Hotel, Piccadilly. About 100 gen-
tlemen sat down to dinner about half past four.
At the dinner, the chairman, Mr. John Chapman,
chairman of the Sheffield, Ashtc,n-under- Lyne, and
Manchester Railway Company, was supported right and
left by Mr. F. D. Astley, Mr. G. Gishorne, Mr. J.
Smith, Mr. E. Buckley, Mr. G. Winter, Captain Clarke,
Mr. R. Buckley, Captain R. Ilollingworth, the Mayor of
Aahton-under-Lyne, the Town Clerk of Manchester, Mr.
John Cheetham; Mr. Robinson, Mr. J. Ellison, Mr. Al-
derman Bancroft, Dr. Fleming, &c., &c. The following
directors of the company were present: —Messrs. Charles
Turner, Richard Matley, William Bradby, M. M. de
Bartolome, James Wall, Richard Thorold, and F. A.
Ward. The vice•chairs were occupied by Mr. C. Randall
and Mr. T. Blake.

To HAVE LAYING POULTRY.--it is with poultry
as with all other animals removed from a warmer
to a colder climate, they exist but do not thrive
without warmth, and wilt tilt'. to fatten them or
to promote their laying at an unseasonable time,
a temperature adapted to their constitution should
be provided them ; this will be one point towards
success. I will now mention two more points, viz ,
age and diet ; attending to these three particulars
I have at all seasons an abundant supply of large and
new-laid eggs: the age of poultry should never exceed
three years (except when it is wished to keep an indi-
vidual for the sake of breed), after this age they rarely
lay from the moulting season till late in the following
apring, consequently it is folly to keep an unprofitable
tnimal when one in profit would consume no more food:
she plan I pursue and recommend is, to part with all
poultry after the third autumn laying, and to put in
their place the previous spring chickens, by which is
meant chickens hatched through the months of March,
April, and May; birds of January and February hatch-
ing are apt to have their feet swollen by the cold in some
situations, which -is unsightly, and besides this being
ready for markets in May, they are too valuable to be
kept for stock when birds of less market value, but
equally good for laying, can be had ; the March pullets
will begin to lay in September, and the others will suc-
ceed them in rotation of hatching; to these in November
will be added the hens rising two years old, and alit- ut
January, if favourable weather, the hens rising three
years old will begin to lay; by attending to age, a suc-
cession of laying hens will be had through the whole
year. The next particular to be attended to is diet ;
with poultry, as with other animals, variety has its
charms, and greatly promotes both fattening and laying;
poultry confined to a yard should have given to them
food as similar as possible, and as various as that they.
would feed on if allowed to roam at large ; they require
vegetables, seeds, insects, gravel, ashes or dry mould, as
much as corn of different sorts, to keep them in health.
and plenty of clean water, rain water is the best ; if a
feed of mixed corn is given the first thing in the morn-
ing, let this be followed at eleven A.M. by a feed of bar-
ley-meal, mixed with boiled potatoes or parsnips, or
both ; to this pieces of fat meat chopped may be added,
the fow is will fill themselves to repletion ; about three
P.m. a little coin may be thrown them, soon afterwards
they will prepare for roosting ; fowls prefer meal to core,
and I have observed that those birds that had rolled crams
of barley and oatmeal required feeding only twice a-day,
feeding to satisfy each time, and resting nearly the whole
of the interval ; by feeding with meal made into stiff
dough or crams with milk, or liquor of boiled meat,
more eggs and larger and fatter fowls will be obtained
than by corn- feeding. Of giving peppercorns to poultry
I have no knowledge, neither do I think any benefit will
attend it.—J. S., in Agricultural Gazette.
SUDDEN DEATH OF MR. HATCHER, THE HISTO-
RIAU or SALISBURY.—it is with sincere regret that we
announce the death of our esteemed townsman, William
Henry Hatcher, Esq., author of the talented " History
of Salisbury," which forms one of the most magnificent
volumes of that fine series of topographical works, Sir
Richard Colt Hoare's History of Wiltshire. Up to
within a few hours of his death he had pursued his cus-
tomary routine of active bodily and mental exertion ;
and no appearances of unusual decay were visible in him.
On Monday morning, however, he WM found in his bed
a corpse.—Pole Herald.

CHARGES FOR CATTLE ON THE EASTERN

LINES.

On Saturday another meeting of the farmers and
graziers was held at the Norfolk Hotel, Norwich, Mr. J.
Neave, of Wymondbam, in the chair, with a view to a
reconsideration of the promises of improvement lately
made by the Eastern Counties, and for putting them in
a fair way for being carried into tangible results.
The CIIAIRMAN said the complaints with regard to the
conveyance of cattle were not confined to the Eastern
Counties line, but extended to nearly all the railways in
the kingdom. In London he heard complaints of the
Great Western that cattle had been upon the line twenty-
one hours, when they ought to have been up in seven,
and the complaints were general from the farmers send-
ing cattle upon all the other lines.
Mr. GARROD said he had complaints to make. He
themom e stockhimself on
but Friday
that ho dreaded the conveyance, week, and should have gone
with
for they put them (the drovers) into the open carriages.
He believed the cattle went well and safely till they
arrived at Brandon, but there, and again at Cambridge,
they were stopped in the two places for the space of ten
hours, so that they were I9i hours before they arrived
in London. For his part, could sent
he have known that
would have been the ease, the beasts should have been
at home, fur that was not the way to treat cattle nor any
other animal. It would be satisfactory if the Eastern
Counties Company were to lay down a tramway to Mile-
end, that the cattle might be taken there; would that be
a satisfactory improvement?
The CHAIRMAN thought the men would be well con-
tent with a third-class carriage, but the master drovers
should be allowed a second-class.
A committee was appointed, and it was decided that
subscriptions of from ss. to lOs. should be received to
defray expenses.,

BURKE'S HISTORY Or TEE LANDED GENTRY.
This important work, it appears, is to be issued by Mr.
Colburn, in ten monthly parts, price ss. each, commenc-
ing with the Magazines on thet Ist of January. The
Landed Gentry of England are so closely connected with
the stirring records of its eventful history, that some ac-
quaintance with them is a matter of necessity with the
legislator, the lawyer, the historical student, the specu-
lator in politics, and the curious in topographical and
antiquarian lore. This work furnishes such a mass of
authentic information in regard to all the principal
families in the kingdom as has never before been brought
together. It relates to the untitled families of rank, as
the " Peerage and Baronetage " does to the titled ; and
forms, in fact, a peerage of the untitled aristocracy. It
embraces the whole of the landed interest, and is indis-
pensable to the library of every gentleman.
METROPOLITAN IMPROVEMENTS.—Yesterday the
second portion of the houses belonging to the Mercers'
Company's estate in Long-acre were sold for the building
materials, all of them, including the extensive range of
factories occupied by Messrs. Horne, the coach-makers,
coming down for the proposed improvements at the north
end of Bow-street find Long-acre, opening a direct line
of communication between Waterloo- bridge, the London
and Birmingham Railway, and all the northern districts
of the metropolis. The demolition of the east side of
Upper St. Martin's-lane, for the proposed new street, is
proceeding rapidly.

The London and Brighton are in search of a locomo-
tive and carriage superintendent over the 120 miles of
line now in full working operation.
The Chester and Holyhead are about to take tenders
for the minutiae of locomotion, such as crossings,
switches, turn-tables, and water-cranes, indicative of a
speedy completion of their line.
The Admiralty have given notice of their intention to
deepen Holyhead Harbour, to dredge, excavate, build
retaining walls, and erect timber jetties.
The following companies are candidates in the money
market for loans to various amounts ;—Chester and

POTATOES.
The following important information, upon the sub-
ject of the potato disease in Poland, has been received
' by Goveinment from the British Consul at Warsaw:—
" Warsaw,
re. , 1846.
"My Lord,—ln a report on theresult Oct 1G
of this year's
harvest in Poland, which I bad the honour to fora ard
to your Lordship with my letter (Consular, No. 25) of
the 28th of last month, I stated that the potato disease
was totally unknown in this country. Since making that
statement I have heard of cne exception to the rule,
which has occurred on a small estate, not far from War-
saw, farmed by a Mr. Kedzlic., a British subject of much
intelligence, long established in Poland. The potatoes
which have furnished this exception, are of the kind
called the Ash-leaved English Kidney Potatoe,' and
were obtained from England two years ago ; they were
planted in the midst of Mr. Kedzlie's other potato crops,
on land of the same quality, and prepared exac'ly in
the same way as the rest of the ground, which has
yielded perfectly sound fruit. This circumstance would
seem to prove that the disease is not attributable to at-
mospheric influences, as is, I hear, the generally re
ceived opinion in other countries. Here, in Poland, all
persons to whom I have spoken on the subject think
that the potatoes in the rest cf Europe are tainted in
the germ by over cultivation ; and it is certainly re
markable that here, where the soil is generally light,
and where less manure is used than in any other coun-
try, except Russia—and never immediately preceding
the crop of potatoes—those plants should have com-
pletely escaped the infection, which threatens their ex-
tinction in all parts where greater pains have been taken
in their cultivation. Ido not imagine that the opinion
alluded to, on the isolated fact which I have mentioned,
will decide a question which has so hopelessly occupied
the attention of first rate scientific men in many coqg:, ,
tries ; but I hope that the notice of the circumstances
will not be deemed irrelevant, at a time when the dis-
ease in question is the cause of such dire distress in her
Majesty's dominions, as well as in other parts of
Europe.—l have, &c.,
(Signed) " GUST. DU PLAT."
" Viscount Palmerston, C.8.C0 &c."
This document will be read with the more interest, if
it is compared with the other facts of the same nature
to which we have formerly alluded as having been ob-
served at Genoa, Oporto, Bermuda, and the Cape of
Good Hope. It proves incontestibly one of two things
—either that the potato disease was actually engendered
in 1844, or that the whole English potato crop is pre-
disposed, by some cause, to take the disease more
readily than the crops of Portugal, Italy, and Poland.—
Gardeners' Chronicle.