The Sun.
London, England, 1846-07-16 00:00:00

_
LONDON, THURSDAY
BT7 JULY 16, 1846

PRICE SD.

JACKSON'S UNIQUE LADIES' RIDING
SCHOOL and HUNTING GROUNDS.

lOU • IIMINASP9D VW. Ralnlarot..--.
BRITISH INSTITUTION, pALL-MALL.
The GALLERY, with a selection of PORTRAII":4 of EMINENT
PEL'SONS, is OPEN every Day from Ten till Six.
Admission, Is. ; Catalogue Is.
WILLIAM BARNARD, K
ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTIOY,
A New and Interesting LECTURE, by Dr. Ryan, on the
:seper.
PHENOMENA and EEFECTS of HEAT and COLD, at Half-past
Three ,iaily, and on the Evenings of Mondays, Wednesdays, and
Fridays, at Nine o'clock. I'rofessor BachhofTner's LECTURES on
NATURAL PHILOSOPHY, with • brilliant experiments, daily.
MACINTOSH'S REVOLVING ENGINE, COLEMAN'S PATENT
LOCOMOTIVE ENGINE for ascending and descending Inclined
Planes, FARRELL'S ARCHIMEDIAN RAILWAY. the ATMOS-
PHERIC RAILWAY, all in action. PORTRAITS of Distin-
guished Men in the GOVERNMENT and ARMY of LAHORE,
magnified by the OPAQUE MICROSCOPE. The OXY-HTDROGEN
MICROSCOPE' exhibiting a fine Collection of Lining Objects. A
beautiful Picture of the CHAPEL in the CONVENT of St. CA-
THERINE'S, Jerusalem, by Mr. Charles Smith, is one of the genes
Aof DISSOLVING VlEWSqust introduced.
dmission, is. ; Schools, Half-price.

IRELAND.

should deter the Repealers of Dungarvon from returning I
a Repealer.— (Cheers and hisses.) It would have con-
vinced the opponents of repeal that they were rev' y in
earnest, andould have rescued that aso-,intinn frQm
the aspersions of its enemies, and
`.ave taught them a
lesson of the value of their 1,
12 -asoning, and have per-
suaded them that the turn of a repeal member at the
.
next election would be certain.—(Cheering, groans, and
hisses.) They wanted repeal, and nothing else.—(Hear,
hear.) Now, ho was afraid that the return of Mr. Sheil
would cause a stain to rest on the records of the associa-
tion.—(Cheers ; and cries of" No" and "Yes.") This
was his (Mr. Maher's) opinion, for he thought that
adopting a more decided policy would be better ; for
they should not have excepted Dungarvon after putting
out Dr. Stock and Sergeant Murphy from Cashel and
Cork.—(Hear, hear.)
Captain BRODRICR—I deny it.—(Cheers, and cries
of Hear, hear.")
The LoRD MAYOR—AIIow Mr. Maher to proceed.—
(Tremendous confusion.)
Mr. O'CoNNELL.—Leave him to me, and I will an-
swer him ; Serjeant Stock was a man of ability, and one
to whom no objection could be made ; and Serjeant
Murphy was equally unexceptionable.—(Cheers.)
Mr. MEAMIER.-I want Repealers and n , apostates.
o
(Awful uproar, and cries of " Name, name. )
Mr. O'CONNELL.—I will name.
,
Mr. MEAGER.—ShaII I name, my Lord ?—(Cheers,
and cries of " Name.")
The LORD MAYOR.—I think not.—(Tremendous con-
fusion, and cries of " Name.")
Mr. MEAGEtEn. I have no objection to name if
called on.

;I_RlP:;imously by the Association, on Monday, the 13th of
November, 1843. It was prepared, proposed, and signed by
Mr. O'Connell. It contains the following paragraphs:—
" Recollect that the principles upon which we have
looked for the repeal of the union is, that it can be obtained
only by legal, peaceable, and constitutional means, and by the
total absence of violence, force, and tumult.'
" ' Recollect also that the principle of my political life,
and that in which I have instructed the people of Ireland is,
that all the ameliorations and improvements in political in-
stitutions can be obtained by persevering in a perfectly
peaceable and legal course, and cannot be obtained by forcible
means; or if they could be got by forcible means, such
means create more evils than they cure, and leave the
country worse than they found it.'
" The instructions to the repeal wardens were passed by
the unanimous vote of the Association, on Monday, Sep-
tember 16,1844. They contain the following instructions to
the repeal wardens :
" The Loyal National Repeal Association disclaims all
force and violence. It proclaims that the cause is to succeed
by peace and perseverance, and that the man that violates
the law gives strength to the enemies of Ireland.'
"The Association commenced the present year by the fol-
lowing resolution, unanimously adopted on the 6th of Janu-
ary, 1846. It is in the following words :
" That, humbly submissive to the dispensations of an
ever-adorable Providence, but confiding in his merciful pro-
tection, we solemnly pledge ourselves, in the name of the
brave, moral, virtuous, and religious people of Ireland, and
in the presence of the British nation, and of all the people of
Europe and America, that we will consent to no surrender,
no compromise, no postponement of our undoubted rights,
but that we will unremittingly persevere in all legal, consti-
tutional, and, above all, all peaceable means, and no other,
until we attain the restoration of the legislative independence
of Ireland, and re-establish our nationality, subject in dutiful
and inviolable allegiance to the Monarch of Great Britain
and Ireland, but protected by a resident Irish Parliament.'
" Having thus detailed the reiteration of the principle of
action adopted by the Association, and being in itself the
very basis of the Association—namely, the principle that the
amelioration of political institutions ought not to be -sought.
for by any other means than those which are perfectly peace-
able, legal, and constitutional.
" That, to promote political amelioration, peaceable means
alone should be used, to the exclusion of all others save those
that are peaceable, legal, and constitutional.
" It has been said, very unwisely, that this principle pro-
hibits the necessary defence against aggression on the part of
a domestic Government or a foreign enemy. It does no such
thing. It leaves the right of self-defence perfectly free to
the use of any force sufficient to resist and defeat unjust
aggression.
" We emphatically announce our conviction that all poli-
tical amelioration—and the first and highest of all, the repeal
of the union ought to be sought for, and can be sought for
successfully only by peaceable, legal, and constitutional
means, to the utter exclusion of any other. In short, that
the repeal of the union can and ought to be obtained by the
same peaceable means by which Catholic Emancipation was
achieved, and by the same exclusively peaceful system of
action by which the Anti-Corn-law League so gloriously
triumphed over every resistance, and obtained the repeal of
the corn-laws, by which means alone we can, we ought, and,
with the blessing of Almighty Provdence, we will obtain the
repeal of the union."
The rent is supposed to amount to 1301.
Mr. O'Connell sails for London on Wednesday.

Westbourne Park-road, off the Harrow-road, near Paddington.
This unrivalled establishment must be seen to be appreciated, en-
compassing ten acres, with every description of fence, an inner course
for ladies, with an inclosed covered school, surrounding a beautiful
flower garden, offer unequalled advantages. Ladies instructed by
the daughters of Mr. Jackson, an undeniable acquisition to those
who would ride with grace and elegance ; and gentlemen perfected
for field or park by his sons.
The stud is first-rate. Ilorses superiorly gained, and always
on sale.

REPEAL ASSOCIATION.
DUBLIN, JULY 13.—The usual weekly meeting of
this body was held to-day, at one o'clock, in the Conci-
liation Hall, which was crowded in every part for some
hours previously, from an anxiety to hear the result of
t;:e conference of the committee, who met on Thursday,
to c,,nsider the course to be adopted through Ireland, as
to the i?roposai of repeal candidates in such counties and
boroughs as vacancies might occur in before the next
general election. At the appointed time, Mr. O'Connell,
M.P., accompanied by Mr. John O'Connell, M.P., Mr.
N. Maher, M.P„ Mr. J. Steele, Mr. J. A. O'Neill, Cap-
tain Brodrick, and Messrs. Meagher. Baron Mitchell,
O'Gorman, Scc., of the " Young Ireland party," entered
the meeting, and were loudly cheered. Upon the mo-
tion of Mr. O'Connell, seconded by Mr. Maher, the chair
was taken by the Right I-lon, the Lord Mayor.
His LORDSHIP, upon taking his seat,- thanked the
meeting for conferring so high an honour on him as that
of placing him in the chair on so particular an occasion,
at a time when their enemies were alleging that they
were about suspending the repeal cause in order to give
support to the Whig Government. Now he (the Lord
Mayor) utterly denied the assertion upon the part of
every man who had the slightest respect for the Libera-
tor, for on repeal, and repeal alone, their leader rested
his hopes for the salvation of his country. If he could
obtain good and salutary measures for his country, he
(the Lord Mayor) would say that he had been acting dis-
honourably and dishonestly if he did not avail himself of
them. No one could doubt—and thank God for it—
that some good would be done by
the Whigs, and
speedily too ; and if they were so disposed to do jus-
tice to Ireland, it was their duty, in his opinion, to give
them all the assistance in their power, and bring to the
Liberator's assistance as many friends as they could.—
(Cheers.) Seeking for gootriliftsures for the country was
no reason why they should compromise their honour and
independence ; but they could both get them, and at the
same time work for repeal under him whom they worked
with fifty years.—(Cheers.) They never had any
man in the country, from the beginning of its history,
fit to govern Ireland but one, and when it was the wish
of God to call that man to himself they would never
again have his equal, and whilst they had him they
should follow his footsteps.—(Hear, hear.) He
(the Lord Mayor) would ask, was there not proof
already that the Government were disposed to do
something for their beloved country ? They had
already appointed Chief Baron Brady in the room of
Sugden, who dismissed their magistrates, and would have
disfranchised their country, if he had been enabled to do
so.—(Clieers.) Was it not important to have Mr. Pigot
selected as Chief Baron in place of Chief Justice Penne-
fathor, and Mr. Hatchell, Q.C., instead of Mr. Brewster?
—(Great applause.) Could anything be more essential
than their having the poor protected by good magis-
trates ? Certainly not ; and the opportunity of getting
them presented itself. However, no man could Coo it if
not supported ; and unless Mr. O'Connell were sup-
ported Ireland would go back to what she was fifty years
ago..—(Cheers.) No one could contend against their
leader,-As being the only man who could carry out repeal.
He, as L'he Lord Mayor of Dublin, elected unanimously,
would, on behalf of the citizens of Dublin, say that they
had :all coisfalence in him as the only man who could
carry out reiscal.—(Hear, hear.) With these observa-
tioni' he woulL:: again thank them for the honour con-
ferred on h Im.---(Cheers.)
Mr. RAY then lead the minutes of the last meeting,
which were c(nailsno,d, and subsequently the following
letter from lir. O'Brien :

NATIONAL LOAN FUND LIFE ASSUR-
ANCE SOCIETY,
26, CORNHILL. LONDON.
Capital £500,000.
Empowered by Act of Parliament.
This Institution embraces important and substantial advaitages
with respect to Life Assurances and Deferred Annuities. The assured
has, on all occasions, the power to borrow, without expense or for-
feiture of the Policy, two-thirds of the nremiuras paid (see Table);
also the option of selecting benefits, and the conversion of his in-
terests to meet other conveniences or necessity.
Assurances for terms of years are granted on the lowest possible
rates

DIVISION OF PROFITS.
The remarkable success and increasing prosperity of the Society
has enabled the Directors, at the last annual investigation, to declare
a fourth bonus, 'varying from 35 to 85 per cent. on the premiums paid
on each Policy effected on the Profit scale.
EXAMPLES.

Mr. O'CONNELL—I call on this gentleman to name.
If he means to refer to me, I repudiate it with the most
resolute contempt.—(Cheers, and dreadful noise.)
Mr. MEAGHER—I allude to the rumour of the appoint-
ment of Mr. Clements to a Government situation by the
Whigs.—(Cheers.)
Mr. O'CONNELL-YOU charge a man in his absence.
Shame !

Mr. J. O'CoaNELL—I z Ise to order. After that spe-
cimen of fair play, I think there are no terms to be kept
with these gentlemen.—(Cheers.)
Mr. O'CoNNELL—Three gentlemen have come from
the Nation office to attack us.—(Cheers, and cries of
" Put them eut.")
Mr. J. O'CONNELL.—After what has occurred, I call on
those gentlemen to subscribe to the principles of the
association—peace, and no physical force ; and if they
do not do so they are not members.—(Cheers.)
Mr. MITCHELL—Mr. O'Connell is not speaking to
order.—(Hear.)
Mr. J. O'CONNELL—I am, and call for this declara-
tion before anything further is done. The association is
at stake.—(Loud cries of " Put him out.")
Mr. O'GORMAN—I think the question before the chair
should be disposed of first.—(Hear, sad cries of " No.")
Mr. MEAGHER—I hear that it is not true that Coun-
sellor Clements has got an appointment, and I beg to
apologise.—(Hisses and cheers.)
Mr. STEELE—Sir, you must apologise to him for your
audacious attack.—(Cheers.)
Mr. MEAGHER—I do apologise.
Captain BRonßlcL—Now go on with your list.
Mr. MEAGHER—I had no one to name but the one.
A VOICE.—You spoke iu the plural.—Cheers ; and
cries of " Put him out.")
Mr. ME&OHER.—I think no Repealer should take a
situation from the Whigs.—(Cheers.)
The LORD MAYOR.—The O'Conor Don is a Repealer.
—(Hear, hear.)
Mr. MEAGHER.—But not a member of the Associa-
tion.
Mr. O'CONNELL—Is such a man as the O'Conor
Don to be called an apostate by this young gentleman ?
—(Cries of " No, no," and " Put him out.")
Mr. MEAGHER—I am now done. As to physical
force, I am an advocate for the principles of this Asso-
ciation
ov L
n until
Nit N declare
having denied
those
the
appointment
. —(ehe futile.—(Cheers.)
Mr. Clements, and stated that he saw no reason why a
repealer should not take a situation from the Whigs, for
they had abused Lord Ebrington for excluding them
from promotion—(Cheers)—the Learned Gentleman
argued for the great principle of peace, and proposed
the adoption of the following report just at post hour:—
" REPORT OF THE COMMITTIF, OF THE LOYAL NATIONAL

INTERESTING STATISTICS FOR
WHEAT-GROWERS AND MILLERS.
The following from the Buffalo Commercial Advertiser
of June 11, possesses some interesting facts for the atten-
tion of the wheat-growers and millers :
The decline in prices of flour and wheat this spring
harlvaersgte,
o thene, crop
has been the source of disappointment to a great many
who operated last winter at very high rates, calculating
upon large profits to be now realised, and as it appears
that those views are entirely frustrated, a calm
view into the causes, at this particular juncture, may
notof
wheatperhaps
wasc o
ascertained come a
to Afterbe
a last
very
and
almost every individual engaged in the trade looked for
the ruling of low prices, unless something occurred to
create an extra foreign demand. Shortly afterwards we
began to receive accounts from England of the probable
failure of the crops there, which immediately gave a
spur to prices, and purchases were made for shipment
to that quarter—advices continuing to be received con-
firmatory iu that respect, speculation started, until
prices ran up in New York to 7 dols. per bbl. for flour.
It appears that rate could not be continued (although
many anticipated 8 dols to 10 dols.) and why 2—a few
figures will show.
The annual average crops of wheat in Great Britain
for the past few years, has been equal to 20 millions of
quarters of 8 imperial bushels of 70 lbs. According to
all well-informed sources, the crop of wheat there last
year was ascertained, shortly after harvest, to be about
19 millions of quarters, requiring one million of qrs. to
be received from other countries to make up said defi-
ciency. The crops on the continent being rather short
of previous years, this country was naturally looked to
for what supplies Great Britain stood in need of ; hence
the continued shipments to that quarter even up to the
present time. Now what is the state of matters there?
By last advices received from that quarter, per " Hiber-
nia," the quantity of wheat and flour under lock or in
bond, in the United Kingdom, made up to the sth of
April, is thus shown:
Wheat
Flour 940,871 cwt.—reduced

" Kilkie-Kilrush, July 9.
"My dear Mr. Rfly,—As I perceive, by the report of
,he proceedings of last Monday, that the Committee of
the Association are about to consider the course which
ought to be adopted with regard to the election for Dun-
emrven, and for the other places in which Ministerial
candidates wilt elnertly present themselves for re-election,
I do not feel Leyte" tt: at liberty to shrink from the re-
sponsiltility of offerlev; my opinion on the subject.
" I shall net reeapit'ulete the arguments which I laid
hef,,,, the Association 011 Monday week, with a view to
prove to the cotoory the importance of exhibiting, at the
present moment, an earnteet, and uncompromising fidelity
to the principle of repeal ; hut assuming that these ar-
gument's are incontrevertible, I have no hesitation in
saying that the Association ought to call upon the several
constituencies to put forward repeal candidates in oppo-
sitioit to Whig placemen, and ought to support such
candidates with all the aid and influence which it can
command.
"Z know well that repeal canelidates will start under
great disadvantage when opposed to such able and ex-
cellent men as Mr. Sheil, Mr. Wyse, Mr. O'Ferrall, and
Sir 'W. Somerville ; but it is of so much importance to
us to prove to our countrymen that we are in earnest,
and that no concession with respect to repeal has been
made, or will be made, to any English party, that I should
prefiar the risk of defeat in each of these cases to acqui-
esce in the re-election of the Ministerial candidates.
"6 I shall feel obliged if you will lay this letter before
the Committee, and before the Association on Monday
next.—Believe me, very sincerely yours,
" T. M. Ray, Esq." " W. SMITH O'BRIEN.
Mr. O'CONNELL rose to move that the letter of Mr.
Smith O'Brien be inserted in the minutes, and that the
marked thanks of the Association be conveye d to that
gentleman for this additional proof of his patriiotism.—
(Cheers.) The Learned Gentleman handed in 251. from
Middleton, accompanied with a letter from the clergy of
the deanery of Clogne.—(Cheers.)
Mr. O'CONNELL then rose to address the 'meeting.
He said, that as he had a great deal to say, he lead better
commence at once. He begged to call their patient at-
tention to what he had to say, for he never rose to
address a public meeting with more sincere anxiety
or unaffected regret. He felt anxious that the conduct
of that Association should be such as to deserve repeal.—
(Cheers.) He felt exceedingly desirous that there should
be an end put to every difference of opinion amoni;st them,
and that they should co-operate in restoring the na-
tionality of Ireland.—(Cheers.) He had thought deeply
before he adopted the course that he now was about to
suggest to the Association.—(Hear, hear.) the would
tell them that he wanted them either to declare firmly
for his principles or against them—(Great oheers)—
for the principles of peaceable but et >ntinuous
agitation—for that agitation which alone deserved
success, and which, in his conscience, aim se ought
to obtain it, or the admission amongst them o f an ad-
herence to the principle of physical force. Would
they banish from them all idea of physical force.? " We
will.") He would tell them at once he we edd not
go on for one moment with them unless they it dl joined
against physical force.—(Hear and cheers.) Ii!le would
tell them he would never relax his exertions for repeal
until he walked into a Parliament at Colleg6e-green.
The Committee of the Association, with the exception of
two of its members, were in favour of banishing for ever
from their minds the idea of physical force . The
first subject he would wish to speak upoi i was a
letter which was addressed to him in a publi,e news-
paper by Lord Milltown.—(Bear, hear.) It had
been several days before the public, and he
owed the public and his Lordship an apology
for not answering it before, but the pressure I of the
repeal business had alone prevented him d oing so.
He would take the first opportunity of answer ing that
letter. Lord Milltown wanted him to postpone the re-
peal cause for a time, and to give a tiial to the new
Ministry, but he (Mr. O'Connell) would not postpone
the repeal for an instant.—(Cheers.) The Learned
Gentleman next called the attention of the me eating to
Mr. Sharman Crawford's letter on the tenant right of
Ulster, and passed a compliment on the honour ; virtue,
and patriotism evinced by Mr. Crawford in hi is treat-
ment of the question of tenant right.—(Chem es.) He
next alluded to the late Dungarvon election, and Mr.
Sheil's return as its representative.—(Hear hear.)
He called their attention to a resolution passed by the
Committee of the Association on the 9th ins tant, as
follows:
D UNGAR:VON ELECTION.
" Resolution of the General Committee of tl. e Loyal
National Repeal Association, passed on Thurs, say, 9th

REPEAL ASSOCIATION OF IRELAND.
" The committee deem it right that the Association should,
by adopting this report, assert once more its entire indepen-
dence
of any newspaper circulating in any part of Great
Britain or Ireland. The Association should disclaim, and
does disclaim in the most emphatic manner, any conformity
upon the part of the Association with, or any species of re-
sponsibility for the lucubrations or opinions set forth by any
newspaper whatsoever.
" The Association does not only not participate in, but
neither demands or exercises any control over the senti-
ments expressed by any of the journals, whether those senti-
ments be the result of folly or of wisdom, of caprice or of
patriotism. The blame in each case, if any be deserved, or
the praise, if any be merited, belongs exclusively to the
writers for those papers, and does not attach, in any degree,
to the Association.

V
„
" The committee next deem it important that the Associa-
tion should call the attention of the country to the principle
on which the Association is founded, and to the utility of
having that principle distinctly understood in every part of
the British islands. It is the principle of seeking the ame-
lioration of political institutions by peaceable and legal
means alone, disclaiming and abhorring all attempts to im-
prove and augment constitutional liberty by means of force,
violence, or bloodshed.
" There are already upon record the following declarations
and resolutions of the Repeal Association :
" 1. The basis of the Repeal Association Was laid on the
15th of April, 1840. The fellowing were the first three pro-
positions constituting such basis :
" 1. Most dutiful and ever inviolate loyalty to our most
gracious and ever-beloved Sovereign Queen Victoria, and
her heirs and successors for ever.
_

to wheat will equal 330,000 quarters—making total of
wheat upwards of 1,500,000 quarters-50 per cent. more
than their actual deficiency. The above stock in bond
has been accumulating since, and it would not be sur-
prising if the quantity increased to near two millions of
quarters, before any would be released, which is alto-
gether awaiting the action of Parliament on the New
Corn Bill.
Our crop of wheat last season no doubt was the largest
ever gathered in this country. The Commissioner of
Patents, who has for a number of years collected statis-
tical information of such things, puts it down to about
quantity;
nmt
iitlyl i;o nls2oo f
mbi
lui
ishe
onsl s
wbould
dt hbaet
nearer
sevidently
e are
rte bmaerlko.ww.tihe
t h
our population of 20 millions of inhabitants, the
Consumption would be equal to 90,000,000 bush.
Add for seed 10,000,000 "

" 2. The total disclaimer of, and the total absence from
all physical force, violence, or breach of the law ; or, in
short, any violation of the laws of man, or the ordinances of
the eternal God, whose holy name be ever blessed.
" 3. The only means to be used are those of peaceful, legal,
and constitutional combination of all classes, sects, and per-
suasions of her Majesty's loyal subjects; and, the power of
public opinion, concentrated upon most salutary, and always
legal, means and objects.'
" The rules of the association were adopted at the same
meeting, and amongst them were the following rules :
" 17th. The sole and exclusive means of the objects we
desire to attain are by argument, reasoning, the concentra-
tion of public opinion, the peaceable and constitutional com-
bination of the Irish people, and by petitions to the Legisla-
ture, and finally by legislation.
" 18th. That any person who shall violate the law in any
particular, in doing or purporting to do the business of the
association, is hereby declared to be no longer a member, and
that he shall be expelled so soon as the fact is discovered.'
"An address was on 21st April, 1840, voted to the people of
Ireland on the subject of the repeal rent. That address was
circulated throughout the Irish nation, and in it are to be
found the following paragraphs :
" The only modes of action which we would advise or as-
sist in, must be, in their nature, legal and constitutional, and
in their operation always tranquil, peaceable, and totally de-
void of violence or outrage of any kind whatsoever.
" 4 We resort only to moral force—to the power of public
opinion—to the concentration of legal and peaceable combi-
nation—to the presentation of petitions signed by millions—
and the influence of such petitions to obtain the legislative
enactment we desire.'
"Another address was voted by the Repeal Association, on
October 2, 1840, and circulated throughout the entire island.
"This latter address was adopted and published in reply
to a speech made by Lord Ebrington to the late Corporation.
It contains the following passages amongst others :
"' His Excellency, Lord Ebrington, openly and firmly de-
clares his total disbelief of the possibility of the repeal being
carried by legal and constitutional means, at the same time
acknowledging that the advocates of that measure are not
seeking it by means of any other description.
" ' He openly and firmly declares his conviction of evil
consequences to Ireland, were the repeal of the Union
effected.
" openly and firmly declares his determination to put
down, by the strong arm of the law, all endeavours to carry
the repeal by other than the most perfectly legal and consti-
tutional means.
And lie expresses finally his strong assurance that a
great majority of the Repealers themselves would join with,
and support him in measures of coercion, should these be ren-
dered necessary by any breach of the law in the agitation for
repeal.'
" We are as firmly and as folly convinced of the good that
would result to both countries from the repeal of the union,
as Lord Ebrington can be of the contrary, and we aro of
course perfectly convinced of the practicability of its being
carried.
"'We are as firmly determined to use no other than legal
and constitutional mewls to effect that repeal, as he can be
to prevent the adoption of means of a violent and illegal
character.
" His Excellency may be most fully confident that he will
find us Repealers foremost in supporting and vindicating the
cause of peace, law, and order,' for this plain reason, fellow
countrymen, if for no other—
" That we are convinced that nothing bnt the breaking of
the law by the advocates of repeal, can ever prevent the glo-
rious accomplishment of that glorious measure.'
"An address to the people of England was passed at a meet-
ing of the Loyal National Repeal Association, held on Mon-
day, the 16th November, 1840. This address, after stating
our objects, went on in the following words :
" We seek those ends by peaceable and legal means ale
on
—by meetings constitutionally, legally, and peacefully as-
sembled and conducted, by petitions to Parliament respect-
fully though firmly worded—above all, by labouring to re-
turn proper representatives.
"'The Chartists advocate the use of the torch and the
dagger, physical force instead of moral, and, in too many
a case, their stormy and seditious meetings only to sell
themselves at the hustings to the highest bidder. It was the
refusal of the Irish people to join with such as these that has
chiefly contributed to procure for that people the hostility of
the bulk of your radical papers.'
" On the subject of the Chartist movement, certain reso-
lutions were unanimously adopted at a meeting of the Repeal_
Association, held on Monday, the 13th September, 1841. The
last resolution passed on that occasion was in the foll Owing
terms :-
4" Lastly. The Repealers will a. 9 little risk the danger as
endure the contamination of Chartist violence. Leading
Chartists have proclaimed the torch and dagger as
adjuncts to their agitation—leading Chartists have ap-
peared in open battle array against the Queen's
troops: and now that the leaders of that insurrec-
tion have bees, upon the merits, convicted of high treason,
although deprived of the benefit of a point of law, yet though
the conviction was upon the merits, these leaders are cried
up as martyrs by the Chartists. Their names are invoked
with applause at their public meetings, and thus Chartism
becomes united with high treason.
" The peaceful, temperate, moral, and loyal Repealers of
Ireland can have no connexion with practical Chartism'
" Another address to the people of Ireland was voted

Would leave for export 20,000,000 "
The quantity left over of the previous crop is not
taken in the estimate, as such may average about the
same from one crop to another. The number of bushels
put down for export, it will be perceived, is about double
of what Great Britain required (say ten millions of
bushels of 6011)30—our ordinary export demand seldom
coming up to ten millions of bushels, or 2,000,000 bbls.
flour. Present indications show that the above esti-
mate of the crop in this country is not far, if at all, out
of the way.
The whole error, therefore, has been, that parties did
not look far enough to see what Great Britain actually
wanted, (as that was the only source we could expect to
carry off our extra surplus), but went blindly into it, an-
ticipating that they would never be able to send enough
there—and because she required a small quantity, a
larger amount must necessarily follow. Some would
probably say that the failure of the potato crop in Ire-
land would require an extra consumption of flour. The
difficulty in that respect, with the poor peasantry of that
country was their deficiency of means to purchase such
an article of food—and if any one would take the pains
to examine the English papers, they would find
evidence of this in the continual arrival of wheat, &c. at
the diflerent ports in England, from the very famished
districts in Ireland. No, they went on the coarser
articles, such as peas, beans, oatmeal, &c., of which there
is an abundance. Again, since the spring has opened,
arrivals have taken place in England, from the Baltic
and other parts on the Continent, of wheat, notwith-
standing the talk of the great scarcity there also.
Prices will now entirely depend on our next crop (for
it is apprehended shipments to England are pretty much
at an end for the time being) which, to all appearance
will be large—if not larger than the last—for the high
prices last fall no doubt stimulated farmers to put in
greater breadth of ground, in conjunction with which
nothing has as yet appeared materially to affect its yield;
hence low prices must necessarily ensue, unless we have
another famishing country to supply perspectively, and
get up speculation with its unhappy results, such as
are now experienced.

July instant.
" That the Liberator be requested to report ; to the
assoeiation on Monday, that if there was suffici4 :rit time
for preparation, the committee have no doubt bn it that a
Repealer could be returned for Dungarvon ; but besides
this difficulty, the election being one for a year i it most,
quite right. One of the
and as any defeat would be seriously detrimenta l to the
o v
vm
hmi ie ti 1 : e
he
e, and
repeal cause at this juncture, the committee, tal ►z'ing all
the circumstances into consideration, think it bet ;ter not
to contest the borough
non e the
arrived presentin Dohubchcelai framed
oen.
referre a to the
he thought that opinion was
matters which brought him over to Ireland v i -as the
Such was the unanimous opinion of the e
to them. Several
Dungarvon election."/ t(tohned ar ye
view several of the
he asked them the reason
ad-
dressed,ap no dr t
committeea
he
e onceh ne nlfddopri proceeded ci
to es
hisve eddhe
adt
nh dtao, t
consideration,
attrhhhnoead mt
thatassociation,ghisuaquestion
sw:
itehco:incdsu
pport M r. Sheil
of the Repealers of Dungarvon considered that ;. it was
not. worth while to raise excitement sufficient ; to get
, they replied
arvo a unless
ilweniatdhai n
gt Ihlßeeipre epaelaere,r
votes.s andthei
When
there
with
oteelecfotironMirn. Sphuenilg
whythey tcould r'
promised
the tenants voted against the interests of their 1: aadlords,
and that if they voted in this way at present . It would
be impossible to secure their votes in the gene rat elec-
tion that was coming on in a short time. 11 *,e moved
that the report be adopted by the association.—
icsaerdr carry thev
(:Cheers.)
Mr. MEAGHER (a young Irelander) here rose to
address the meeting, when he was interrupted by Mr.
O'Connell.
Mr. O'CownELL—You see, gentlemen, we sl lan have
cause for dissension enough. I will not nem a this for
the present, and I will not give the young gent] :email an
opportunity of creating dissension.__(,,
Hear, "cheers,
and much uproar.) Mr. O'Connell then wei it on to
allude, once more, to the Dungarvon election, n ind con-
cluded by saying he thought it would be bette t. to hear
Mr. Meagher, and therefore he moved that tl he report
be received and adopted.
Mr. N. MA.HER, M.P., seconded the motion. :He said
that although the report was unanimously &dolt ded, he
had differed with part of it, but did not express:! himself
to that effect at the commencement.—(gear, her 0 ...) He
regretted that a Repealer was not found on the . h ustings
at Dungarvon, against all odds, and in the teeth .c, f every
risk and influence. The Duke of Devonshire 'iv ,d been
alluded to, and he considered no influence, howe r (whist,

SINGULAR MODE OF CATCHING
ALLI G AT ORS.

The intrepid fisherman killed a sucking-pig, and ran a
moderately thick stick through the entire length of the
body, which he cut open. To the middle of this stick he
attached an iron chain, eight or ten feet long, by means
of a cramp, and then further elongated the chain by
fastening a cord to it. Armed with two strong barbed
iron lances, he went on board his light canoe, and put
out a short distance from the shore, while we remained in
the hut watching his proceedings with great interest and
curiosity. At a venture ho threw the pig into the river,
and scarcely a minute had elapsed ere a pair of enormouskl
widely-extended jaws rose above the surface e
and
fishermany
disappeared with the treacherous prize. Th
took advantage of this moment to
efenihaosutshiasntihtweoenladncoefstbhJte,
ma), soonlroo
npge
rt oo
pheiss
to
oa nt ()bee,
baenedt. a l sTho teo vao
rt tase
de-
voured his booty and drew the boat, which of course fol-
lowed his every movement, first to one side of the river
and then to the other, always seeking for the deepest
water. The rope being continually drawn tighter and
tighter, the alligator darted with great violence above
the surface, whereupon the negro vigorously thrust the
lance at his head, and the monster again dived. Certain
of approaching victory, he stood calmly, with uplifted
lance, watching for an opportunity of throwing it again
whenever his adversary might rise above, the sur-
face. We were much astonished at the man's patient
assiduity, for there was once a pause of half an hour
during which the animal did not appear, but as hr
gradually became weaker he rose more frequently,
and at last always with his jaws wide open.
The numerous wounds inflicted by the lance, and
consequent loss of blood, so completely exhausted the
poor alligator that he had great difficulty in drawing the
boat after him; but suddenly collecting all his remain-
ing strength, he pulled the boat on one side with such
violence that the fisherman fell into the water. In an
instant he dexterously flung himself into the boat, and
continued to strike his antagonist with his harpoon.
The combat lasted nearly an Filar and a half, when the
alligator yielded without resistance to the superior force
of the negro, who gradually brought his boat alongside
of us, and then suddenly leaping on shore fastened the
rope to a cocoa-palm in front of his hut. He then fear-
lessly approached the animal, which was nearly covered
with water, and deprived him of all possibility of escape
by inflicting several deep wounds. Life was not (ottinct

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fate. This

AMERICAN AFFAIRS.
NEW YORK, Jerez 30.—Since the date of last
letter, the aspect of foreign affairs has undergone a ost
important and happy change ; but especially as it relates
to the recent difficulties between the Governments of
Great Britain and the United States. You will readily
imagine the sincere pleasure the Oregon arrangement has
afforded me. For many years, at home and abroad, I
have been the untiring and zealous advocate of peace
with all the world, but in particular with Great Britain,
because a yew with that country, from her great power
and immense resources, would prove of a most terrific
and destructive character to the United States, and be-
cause the two nations speak the same language : their
people, in many instances, are connected by the ties of
blood, and almost universally by commercial trauma.-
dons. Awful, indeed, would be that war which wcrald
produce such results as those to which I refer.
It is true there are two sides to this question. The
Americans, in the event of a war, could and would in-
flict deep and lasting wounds upon their enemy—wounds
that never, no, never, could be healed—wounds Upon
their commerce, upon their manufactures, upsen their
provinces. But why pursue this subject? It. would be,
after all, in the language of Mr. Jefferson, " only trying
which could do the other the most harm."
I am mortified to say, and yet truth requires that i
should be said, that to the manly and frank policy o
the British Ministry are we indebted for an honourable
adjustment of pending difficulties. It would be worse
than ridiculous to attempt evasion on the present occa-
sion. Let it then be distinctly understood, that Presi-
dent Polk and his advisers, the " Fifty-four forty"
men, were for war. They were for the " whole, or none
of Oregon," reckless of consequences.
The question naturally arises, what was their object ?
I answer, self-aggrandisement ; to perpetuate their
political ascendancy. A war, Mr. Polk hoped, would
re-elect him. By means of the millions to be expended
in carrying on that war the corrupt tools of power
would be increased in number and subserviency. The
welfare and the honour of the country never entered
into the calculation. The only questions that eessee
mooted in dark divan were—will the proposed mieeisures
promote the party ? —and can we succeed ?
For a time these half. deluded men imagined that they
held the game in their own hands. They weals insolent
and overbearing. At length, however, their attempt at
dictation aroused some of the members of that elevated
and truly noble body, the Senate of the United States.
These Senators spoke (and their voices were heard from
the sallies to the hill-tops) with the calm dignity and
firmness of American statesmen. The " Fifty-four
forty" men, for a moment, were astounded and para-
lysed ; and now commenced their contortions and twist-
ings, which were continued until their extinction.
While these movements were progressing in the
Senate, the people read with great avidity and increased
marks of approbation the debates in that honourable
body. It was soon discovered that a very large majority
of the intelligent and respectable portion of the com-
munity were decidedly opposed to a war with Great
Britain, and to all and every measure calculated to
produce such a state of things. They no longer doubted
that the British had an equitable claim to a portion of
Oregon, and therefore they were for an adjustment by
honourable compromise.
It was now that Mr. Polk discovered, perhaps sooner
than his advisers, that the brawling and turbulent
" Fifty-four forty" men were rapidly sinking into insig-
nificance, and would soon find themselves deserted even
by those who had professed to be their followers. Mr.
Polk then found himself and his colleagues in error,
bound hand and foot by the Senate. He' well knew that
no declaration of war could pass that body; that no law
authorising the President to take possession of Oregon
or to establish a government over that territory could be
adopted. In short, that nothing remained for him but
to negotiate.
Thus circumstanced, what was he to do ? He wait
pledged, in the most solemn manner, to the Baltimore,
, Convention, for " all or none of Oregon." The " Fifty-
four forty" men had demanded of him fealty, and he had
sworn it. His western advocates were becoming
'I clamorous for a redemptiou of his pledges. In short,
whichever way he cast his eyes, he saw nothing but in-
creased and increasing difficulties before him,
What next ? He determined, in the hope of escap-
ing uninjured, to abandon, on the question, the Balti-
more Convention, the " Fifty-four forty" men, and his
western champions—all, all, at one fell swoop. But
how was this to be effected with the least personal
political injury ? By diplomacy he ascertained what the
British were willing to do, and resolved on acceding to
their terms. This would have been well enough, if there
had been in it no treachery to friends. But the farce
does not end here.
Lest I should prove tedious, I pass over many amus-
ing, and some interesting incidents that occurred in the,
progress of this negotiation. No sooner, however, had
\lr. Polk discovered what would satisfy the British Go-
vernment, than he determined to accede to their views,
But, in the meantime, he kept many of his friends, and
those who imagined they possessed his confidence, in a
state of ignorance as to his ulterior views. In casual,
loose conversations, he uttered, or caused to be uttered,
the declaration, that he should make no further proposi-
tions to the British ; and if they proposed any thing short
of " Fifty-four forty" he should decline acting, and Edo-
mit the question to the Senate. At length the preposi-
tion from Great Britain came. It was submitted to the
Senate, and they advised the negotiation of a treaty
upon the basis proposed, which treaty seas promptly rae
tilled.
And now let us inquire, what object had the Presi-
dent in view when he asked the advice of the Senate ?
Was it to obtain their opinion as to the proposed treaty?
Certainly not ; for Mr. Polk knew, and everybody
knew, that more than two-thirds of the whole Senate
were in favour of such a treaty as that proposed. What
then was the object ? It was to cast from his own
shoulders all responsibility, and to leave it with the
Senate. It was to seek a shelter under the wing of that
honourable body from the slow moving finger of sscorn.
But enough ; the work is done, and well done.
One word more as to the President. It is his duty to
negotiate treaties. From the performance of that duty
he has shrunk. In so doing he has violated the consti-
tution. He has surrendered the rights and the duty of
the Executive to a co-ordinate branch of the Govern-
ment—the Senate_ The surrender, althoug'a made to a
noble and glorious band of statesmen ani:i patriots, yet
the act itself humbles in the dust the, Executive that
made the sacrifice.
Will you allow me to make a sb ort extract from my
letter of the 11th of December, 1845, written a few
days after Mr. Polk's war message to Congress, at the
opening of the session ? My object is to show you that
at that early day I understood the President and his
adherents, and that in my speculative opinions on the
subject of peace or war I have neither led you nor your
readers into error.
In that letter, speaking of the President's message
and public opinion thereon, I say—
" The great difference between the Adnsinistratioa
party and the Whig party is, that the former, with-
out regard to the morality of the question, are for
1 a war, unless the whole of the Oregon is surren-
dered, to the United States, believing that the terri-
' tory is within their grasp. The Whigs, on the
' other hand, admit that there is some right in the
British Government to claim a portion of the ter-
ritory ; and that portion, be it more or less, they
wish amicably settled between the parties on. the prin-
ciples of morality and justice. . . . They (the
Whigs) will do all that a patriotic and hemest class of
citizens can, and ought to do, to avert the threatened
calamity; but it must be recollected that the control of
this question is not in their hands. The British Govern-
ment ought not, therefore, to permit a false pride to
lead them astray from the path to which both wisdom
and policy point as the path to peace and prosperity.
And now, influenced by a most sincere desire for the
peace of the two countries, and their mutual welfare and
prosperity, I do respectfully recommend that Great
Britain, offer the proposition made by Mr. Galleatin ;ohrz
" That the Ministry offer to the United States
the
49th parallel to the sea, Groat Britain to retain thewditeh-
tached territory, Vancouver's Island, &c., together
a free navigation of the Columbia River for merchant
vessels
"my' opinion is, that this Government woundaccept
the offer. I ens sure their acceptance of it, as a preven-
tive of war, would receive the approbation of the Ameri-
can people. I trust the suggestion from so humble a
source will be no objection to the consideration of it. I
will not enlarge, and will only add, it has not been made
without due reflection and advice."
If these suggestions, made nearly seven months since,
are closely examined and compared with the treaty re-
cently ratified, it will be seen that in writing the letter
above quoted, I neither mistook nor represented the cha-
racter and policy of the dominant party in this country.,
nor the feelings and wisnes of its people.
Having extended this letter to a greater length than
usual, and the feeble state of my health pressing heavily
upon me, I am warned that I must bring it to a hasty
conclusion.
Major-Generals Scott and Gaines are in trouble with
the President. They are both in Washington. The
difficulty of the former arises out of his entertaining and
expressing suspicion that leading men in power were
intriguing against him. The charge against General
Gaines is, that he assumed, illegally, responsibilities
which he had no right to assume. The Administration
will probably carry on the war against these military
men with great , asperity. Mr. Polk never forgives an
injury, real or imaginary.
The climate and the roads will probably prevent any
great movement by General Taylor until late in Sep..
tember or early in October. Besides, it is absolutely
necessary, before moving, that he should have large
depots of provisions, to effect which extensive means of
transportation are required, which have not yet been
provided.
By the latest accounts from Mexico, it appears, that
the Mexican Government are cot yet prepared to seek a
peace, but are arranging to defend their eourery.—
I Times. A GENEVESE TRAVETeLER.
...a
Le

COUNT D'ORSAY.—Eugene Sue has 7:ece.at7ty published
a new romance, entitled " Martin ; on, Enfant 111.-:rivi," the
eloquent dedication of which, to Count D'atsay, is exoressed
as follows :—" Accept, my dear Alfreei, this work as a testi-
mony of the long-continued friendship, and of the sincere
affection I entertain toward!, you ; for you, the painter and
friend of Byron, one of whose immortal pages has been de-
voted to the cel'dbration of the nobleness of your heart, and of
the brilliancy of your genius; for you, whose powerful and
accurate cb;,sel has sculptured on marble the figure of Napo-
leon; for you, whose singular generosity has enriched our
nation,„; museum with one of the most wonderful production's
of I'idian art; for von, in fact, the founder of that charitable
br,titution, in which- every Frenchman, when poor and sepa-
rated from his country, may find at least a temporary "aid an
succour. Adieu, my dear Alfred ; rely ever on the •sincerity
of my affection. EUGENE SUE.—Bordes ,June 20. -1846."
Mr. Cook had an interview yesterday with the chest-
cellos of the Exchequer.