The Sun.
London, England, 1846-05-30 00:00:00

THIS EVENING

AVili be performed the Grand Asiatic Drama of THE ARAB
AND lIIS DESERT STEED ; or, the Pearl of the Euphrates.
With inagnifl .ent effects, and introducing the double stud, &c.
The SCENES of the ARENA will be of the most varied and
➢leasing description, introducing the new Artistes, whose wondrous
performances are nightly crowned with the most enthusiastic
ap,,lause.
The Entertainments will terminate with a new and laughable
AFTER i'l EC E.
Mr. BATTY has much pleasure in stating, that in obedience to
the wishes of several of his patrons and heads of families, he has
made arrangements to give, during the ensuing holidays, four mid-
day performances, the first of which will take place on THURS-
DAY, June 4, and each succeeding Thursday until the number are
com2l;te ; on which occasion the Entertainments will embrace those
rc-Tutly performed by royal command, and so highly eulogised by
her most gracious Majesty. The representations IN ill commence
each day at two o'clock, and terminate at half-past four.
Isox-oflice open from eleven till five o'clock.—Doors open at six
and commence at seven o'clock.

Under the Patronage of her Most Gracious Majesty.
ROYAL SURREY ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS.
EVERY MONDAY, TUESDAY,WEDNESDAY, AND

THURSDAY.

VIEW of NAPLES, ERUPTION of VESUVIUS, DESTRUC-
TION of lIERCITLAINEUM and POMPEII, in the year 79. This
scaotalccnt spectacle is revived in an unprecedented scale of
grandeur, the picture being snore than twice the size of the former,
and rcpreseists, as accurately as can possibly be done, the Great
Eruption of Vesuvius in the year 79, when the Destruction of Her-
cniaikturn and Pompeii took place : produced under the direction
ci Mr. Damson.

A tichly ornamented GOTHIC BRIDGE of STATUES has been
tonst meted, which will be brilliantly Illuminated at Night.
11:e PROMENAIPE CONCERTS are again confided to Mr. God-.
Irey. ....lie Band is most complete in all its departments, and includes
many eminent native and foreign musicians.

The PYROTECHNIC DISPLAYS, by Mr. Southby, are on the
in )s. complete and etfective scale.
Preceding the Volcanic Display a novel exhibition will .be intro-
duced, :vprcs:nting the Descent of Phoebus in the Chariot of the Sun.
hfo s. Farinelli will descend from a Chinese Pagoda, seventy feet in
liciglit, to the surface of the lake, where a Naiad's Car will rise to
receive' Lim, and bear him to his chrystal home.
An Iluminated Marine Cave, and the Glass Conservatory, splen-
dkhy olnanicuted with festoons of lamps, enabling the visitors to
view Ph inatchlea collection of Carnivora by gas-light.
Feelhig of the Carnivora at five; the Pelicans, Ste., at half-past
five ; C.meett at six; a•:S: he Eruption at dusk. Admission. Is.

THE

RAILWAY SUN

IS NO W PUBLISHING.

• PRICE TO SUBSCRIBERS) SIXPENCE.

-rut wEiTuritt.—Sukr OFFICE, MAY 30.
TIiKAMOMETZP., Lowest, 50; Highest, 70; Noon, 70.
BARoIiETER,3O.2S.—~IVDS.W.; fine.

111 in NVAT'ER AT LONDON-1111.1INtvr. DAY.
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SECOND EDITION.

tqlfv-rtita
LONDON, SATURDAY, MAY 30, 1846.

The House met at Four o'clock, and, after the trans-
action of private business,
Sir R. PEEL in moving that the 'House, at its rising,
do adjourn to Friday next, stated that on that day he
should propose to proceed with Supply. On the Mon-
day following he shoUld move the second reading of the
PrGtection of Life in Ireland Bill ; and on Friday, the
12th June, h should bring forward the question of the
Sugar Duti s. In answer to questions from various Hon.
3.leraber,,, the Right Hon. Baronet sold that he would
fix an early day for proceeding with the Poor Removal
Bin. It uaq ultimately, at the suggestion of Sir JAMES
GRAIIAM, armaiged Crest the Poor Removal Bill should
be taken on leriday, anti the motion wa, agreed to.
lEt autwer to Mr. llumu, Sir R. PEEL .stated-that the
Ainerican Pre:i.lnt had given notice to the British Go-
vernment or th termination of the Oregon Convention
of 1827, and he had given the notice in the terms agreed
on by both Houses of the American Legislature, in the
hope that it roigt lead to an amicable settlement of the
question.
Mr. J. E. DENISON, in reply to Lore Juni RUSSELL,
stated that the nature of the instruction to the Com-
mittee on the Poor-law Removal Bill was, that after a
certain day the settlements in each union should be
anion settlerzients and not parochial ores, and that each
parish should contribute to the union rate in proportion
to th© average rate paid by each during the course of the
last seven years.
On the motion that the Spealcr do leave the chair, in

order that the House should resolve itself into a Com-
mittee of Ways and Means,
Mr. LAWSON rose to move for certain returns on the
subject of the price of potatoes at various periods, and
entered into a long explanation of the statements which
he had made with regard to the price of potatoes on a
former occasion.

Mr. Alderman HUMPHREY also entered into certain
explanations with regard to his statements on the sub-
ject of potatoes during the course of the corn-law debate
The House then resolved itself into a Committee of
Ways and Means, &c.
The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER rose to bring
forward the Budget, which he feared he should not be
able to make very interesting, as the various alterations
in our financial system, proposed by the Government,
had already received the sanction of the House, neither
would it be necessary to state the exact amount of the
expenditure as they were already before the House in the
estimates. He should only have to exhibit in one view
the receipt and expenditure, from which the House
would sco the working of the financial policy of the
Government. The Right Hon. Gentleman then pro-
ceeded to make his statement. The revenue last year
was estimated at 49,762,000/ ; it had yielded 51,250,000/
The customs, which had been estimated at 19,500,000/.
had yielded 19,700,060/. The excise, estimated at
12,500,000/, had realised 13,300,000 L The stamps,
estimated at 7,000,000/, had yielded 7,660,000/. The
taxes, estimated at 4,200,000, had yielded the amount
estimated. The property-tax, estimated at 5,100,000/.,
had fallen a little short, in consequence of the repay-
ment made to persons from whom deductions had been
male. The post-office, which had been estimated at
700,000/., had yielded 790,000/ There had been re
calved from China 750,000/.,—making a total revenue of
52,000,900. The expenditure, estimated at 30,790 000/.,
had amounted to 30,600,0001. There was a deduction to be
made for charges which occurred in certain years, and
the surplus revenue of the year amounted to 2,350,0001.
In the ensuing year he estimated the Custom's revenue
at 19,500,0001. He estimated it at this sum, because he
believed that the commercial protperjay would continue
and increase, and, therefore, he should not make such a
deduction in the abolition of duties as he might be en-
titled to under other circumstances. He estimated the
Excise revenue, which had only fallen this year 100,0002
in consequence of the reduction of duties last year, at
13,400,000/. He took for stamps 7,400,000/. only, be-
cause he thought that the increase this year was owing
to the increase of railway speculation. The assessed
taxes he estimated at the same amount as last year, and
the property-tax at 5,100,0001. He estimated the Post-
office revenue for the ensuing year, in consequence of
certain alterations about to be made, which would incur
some expense, at 850,0001., being 60,000/. above what it
had realised this year. With respect to Crown
lands, he expected to receive from them 120,000/.
and the miscellaneous at nearly the same amount:
The total amount of revenue he estimated at 50,950,0001.;
and he estimated that, including the China ransom, the
total receipt would be 51,650,0001. With regard to the
expenditure, certain additions had been necessary to the
military and naval forces of the country, which would
dip deeply into the surplus. The charge for the debt
was -28,100,000/., for the consolidated fund it was
5,200,000/., showing an increase in the last item in con-
sequence of the advances made to Ireland. The expen-
diture for the army he estimated at 6,690,000/., being an
.increase of 140,000/. The expenditure of the navy
would be 7,521,0001., being an increase of between 500,0001.
and 600,000/. The estimate for the ordnance would
be 2,543,000/., being an increase of 400,0001.
The miscellaneous expenditure would amount to
3,435,0001., being somewhat more than the sum which
appeareu in the estimates. The total expenditure for.
services would be 20,198,000 L, which with the charges
would make a total expenditure of 50,853,600/., which
being deducted from the anticipated revenue of
51,650,000/., would leave a surplus of 776,000/. He
attributed the present prosperous state of the finances to
the liberal commercial policy which had been adopted by
the Government since 1842, by means of which the then
deficiency in the revenue had been changed into a sur-
plus, so that on the Ist January, 1846, there was in the
exchequer 4,798,0001. more than there was in the
Ist January, 1842, while the debt was less by
7,000,0001., and the deficiency bills were less by
4,133,000/. in 1846, than they were in 1842.
In 1842, the total charge upon the debt was 29,597,000/. ;
in 1846, it was 28,129,000/., showing a relief to the
public on these charges of 1,500,000/. a year. These
were the results of the financial and commercial policy
of the country which had been pursued by the Govern-
ment, and they were sufficient to vindicate- that policy.
It might be said that the Chinese ransom had contributed
to raise this surplus. Now, the sum received from
China was 3,360,000/. ; of this sum 2,050,000/. bad been
devoted to the expenses of the Chinese war ; 1,270,000/.
had been paid as opium compensation; making, together,
3,320,0001, and showing that the gain to the revenue
for the Chinese compensation was 30/. only,
Since 1842, taxes to the amount of 5,624,000/. had been
imposed, but in the same period taxes amounting
to 8,206,0001. had been removed, showing a
reduction in the burdens of the people of 2,562,6601.
He knew that he might be told that these results were
owing to a succession of good harvests, but could they show
him any previous perioctof four successive good harvests
in which any such results had followed ? And if they
could not, he had a right to assume that it was not to
their good harvests alone, but to the adoption of a
liberal commercial policy, that these results were to be
attributed. While the finances were more prosperous
than they had been in 142, the comforts of the people
had increased, as was proved by the increase in the de-
posits of the savings-banks, the average of which,
during the four years preceding 1842 was 357,000/.
a-year, while during the last four years the average was
793,000/4 and by the increase in the amount of excise'
duties ; and crime had diminished to the extent of
seven per cent. in the last period of four years as
.compared with the four years preceding ; and the num-
ber of applications for assistance for schools had in-
creased in the proportion of 500 to 200; and the ardour
which was exhibited for building new churches indicated
a great improvement in the moral and religious habits
of the people. These things should encourage them to
go on in the course which they had begun, and cauti-
ously to remove those burdens which diminished the
comforts and crippled the energie3 of the people. The
Right Hon. Gentleman then formally moved the usual
resolution.

Mr. F. BARING considered that the CHANCELLOR Of
the EXCHEQUER had understated his expenditure by
nearly half a million, having taken in some of his esti-
mates, the charge for three-quarters as the charge for
the year, instead of the charge for four-quarters
throwing over one quarter to next year, and thus
exhibiting an apparent, but not a real reduction.
He was equally hostile as he was at first to the income-
tax, but no one should ever induce him to believe that it
could be taken off at the end of three years. He be-
lieved that, throwing aside the money to be received
from China, instead of having a surplus, the Govern-
ment would have a deficiency of about 800,0001.
The CHANCELLOR Of the EXCHEQUER explained.

Mr. Hung had heard with satisfaction the state-
ments of the CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER, and be-
lieved that many of the suggestions he had thrown out
if carried into effect would be productive of great good
to the country. He was happy to see that the present
Government had removed taxation that pressed upon
the poor, and placed it upon property. Ile believed
that the revenue might be increased by a reduction of
the duties on tobacco and tea.', The reduction of the duty
on the former, would put an end to the enormous expense
of keeping up the preventive service; and the taking off
the duty on tea would place the relations of this country
with China on a much firmer footing. The reduction
of the sugar duties, also, he believed, would be attended
with great benefit. He wished to see the income-tax
continued, as it removed taxation from the millions, and
placed it upon those who ought to bear it—namely,
those who were in possession of the property of the

country.
Lord GEORGE BENTINCK thought that the surplus of
776,0001. was rather a small sum to face the contin_
gencies of the country, considering the great chanties
that were 'about to be made in the commercial policy of
the country. He contended that the only way to re-
duce the. assessed taxes was to continue the duty on
corn and timber. He protested against the financial
statements of the Chancellor of the Exchequer.
Mr. C. WOOD considered the statement of the Chan
cellor of the Exchequer most unsatisfactory, inasmuch
as it did not put the House in possession of what the
real income and expenditure of the country would be.
A desultory discussion then ensued, in which gr.
CARDWELL, Mr. WILLIAMS, Mr. HUDSON, and Atr.
JAMES took part, after which the resolutions were
agreed to.
The House then resumed, and the report was 07i-
dered to be received on Friday next.
The other orders of the day were then disposed of,
and the House adjourned.

After a generation or so has passed away, and '►vhen
the struggle of free trade has bean fully consummated
in the perfect development of its operation, the people
will undoubtedly recur to the late discussions in Parlca-
meat with a more solemn and thoughtful interest tha n
that with which they are regarded at present. In the fui
flush of so glorious an achievement, it is indeed almost