The Sun.
London, England, 1848-11-13 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 13, 1848.

statements of the prospects of the company, founded
upon the above data, but which, of course, every
person may judge of for himself before he is in any
degree influenced : le will have the same materials to
guide him as to th 3 accuracy of the estimates that
the company had in framing these tables. We
shall now only give the conclusion, which
is, that " without any progressive or other in-
crease of traffic over the Great Western
lines coming from its extensions, nor any additional
receipt in respect of rent, &c., there would, after
every allowance, and providing for every demand, be
a disposable balance of 701,2501. per annum, which
would give a dividend of 61. 10s. per cent. on the
amount of paid-tp capital. And if the increase on
the gross•revenue should amount to 1,650/. per week,
by no means an improbable contingency when the
advantages alluded to are made fully available,-or if
the working expenses be reduced to 371. per cent.,
even without any increase of traffic, the earnings will
be sufficient to pay 7 per cent. to the shareholders on
the estimated stock or share capital.
This is,,indeed, satisfactory, and we heartily con-
gratulate the parties interested therein. A consider-
able improvement in the quotations of the stock ne-
cessarily followed the publication. On a future occa-
sion we may again refer to the above and other
statements, which, want of space forbids our doing
this day.

THE FRENCH REPUBLIC.

The Paris papers of Saturday publish the follow-
ing manifesto, addressed by General CAVAIGNAC, as
chief of the Executive, to all the authorities, civil and
military, of the Republic :
" Citizens,—The National Assembly, by a definitive
vote, has just., completed the important work undertaken
and pursued by it with so much persevering and scrupa
lous energy. The Republican Constitution is voted, and
its promulgation will convey to the people the knowledge
of the text of the fundamental law which is in future to
govern their destines. In so important a cenjuucture,
and calledirPOn as you are to co-operate according to
your functions in this solemn measure, I have been de-
sirous, by an exception, which the gravity of the cir-
cumstance will explain, to place my self in direct relation
with you, and to tell you what new guarantees, what
new force the Constitution will give to your authority.
From the month of February up to the present day the
principle alone was proclaimed, but the law, the written
rule, which is the final consecration of it, was eanting
to the principle. Hence irresolution, persevering hos
tility, and exclusive pretensions, and, finally, the wild
and insensate projects of a small number. The revolu
Lion not being defined, audacious minds took scope,
and because a necessary interval of time was to elapse
between the destruction of the monarchical edifice and
the construction of the Republican edifice, it seemed
as if all was to be done anew, and that nothing
of the existing society was to be preserved. These
fatal theories could only produce bitter fruit, and you
know what terrible responsibility falls on them for the
acts of sacrilegious preparation or savage aggression,
which, under a borrowed flag, attacked all that is most
respected, most sacred, and most vital, in human society.
These deplorable crises cause to you and to us serious
difficulties, and when you had to oppose them you
triumphed less by the force which would have been
given to you by a written law than by the inspirations
of an enlightened conscience, an unlimited devotedness
to your duties towards the nation and the whole of
society. A powerful and irresistible weapon is about to
be added to those which you already possessed. The
Constitution is made, and henceforth the revolution is
defined in its organization and in its law, and whoever,
rising against the new law, should pretend to demand
from the revolution which has beer, accomplished the dis-
charge of any imaginary debts, will most justly incur
the severities of the law. The fundamental political law
has placed itself by the side of the eternal law of order
and stability, which is the necessary condition of all
human society. Both are henceforth inseparable.
The existence of the Republic is indissolubly
connected with the maintenance of good politi-
cal and - social order. The Republic without
good order, good order without the Republic
are henceforth two facts equally impossible ; and he
who should pretend to separate them, or to sacrifice one
to the other is a dangerous citizen, condemned by reason
and rejected by the country. Endeavour to be embued
with these ideas, and to cause them to penetrate into the
minds of those who assist or surround you. Founded
on the great principle of universal suffrage, such as
it is defined and determined in its application by the
Constitution of the Republic, the Constitution leaves all
liberty of discussion, and takes away all pretext for in.
surrection and revolt. For, by what right can the vote
which could not prevail by law be made to prevail by
violence ? And, on the other hand, in presence of this
incessant,application of universal suffrage, what is the
authority which could attempt to corrupt the expression
of it ? Universal revolution is the entire revolution ;
all the other principles no longer present themselves
but as consequences. In the first rank of these conse-
quences you all place that which consists in maintain-
tag the Government under the action and inviolable
respect of the majority. In the new state of things which
the Constitution is about to create for the Republic, to
forget these principles would bp, on the pArt of all, a grave
fault, and a crime on the part of any man, who, in-
vested with an authority of any kind, should thus
dispute the very source and basis of this authority. The
first result, the first danger of such an error, would be
the destruction of the power itself whose origin should
leave been rejected, and whose value and signification
should have been misunderstood. Drawn up iu con-
flict, if we may so express it, with the subversive
theories which may attack .propsrty and society (la
famine), and the possible and salutary conditions of
labour, the Constitution had nothing to add to the
power of the eternal principles upon which these
t rights repose. It limited itself to the recording, ac-
knowledging, and consecrating them by a solemn de.
elevation. Its text, therefore, would add nothing to
your duties in this respect. Every period has its
dangers and its errors. You know these errors and
the dangers of our epoch, and you will continue to com-
bat them with the devotedness which the Republic has
a right to expect from you. The support of the
authority which directs you, and the opinion of the
entire nation, are the sources from which you will
strengthen the courage requisite, in order that you may
not fail in presence of audacious aggressions if they
should again take place. Long political struggles pre-
ceded the Revolution, which is being accomplished
under oar eyes and by our efforts. Parties had been
long in conflict ; the men who composed them were
separated by energetic dissentiment and profound in-
compatibilities. You will not forget that the revolution
of February is the entire nation beholding without
anger the suicide of:the monarchy, which remained
alone and. Lit itself. You will not forget that the Re
public, the object of the hopes and of the old worship
of a small.. number of citizens, proclaimed on the day
when all Other government, all authority, was wanting
to the country, has been accepted and legitimised by the
acclamation of the entire nation. In what has passed I
do not see a conspiracy which triumphs and maintains
itself by violence and exclusion. I see in it the evolution,
painful without doubt in its crisis, but fortunate and natu-
ral, of a nation which suffered in its wants and its dearest
and most respectable rights. Under the influence of
these salutary truths you will remain convinced that
the souvenirs of former struggles, and of the sympa-
thies, or repulsions resulting from them, if they still
subsist, must be effaced and extinguished. You will
devote all your efforts to this work of peace and concili-
ation. The nation has not had the Republic imposed
upon it, nor will it submit to a minority, whatever it
may be. Engaged seriously and irrevocably in a Re-
publican purse, it will not cast a look behind. It looks
forward ; it progresses ; but it will see clearly, it
will attend to its own affairs, and this sentiment
is legitimate; not to acknowledge this would be to depart
from right's irom truth, from public reason. In the post
which you occupy, and devoted as you aro to the new in-
stitutions it hich ensure the future of the Re-public, you
will exp.erie;Ace no sentiment of systematic exclusion. In
the ehoietiwitich you will have to propose or to make, open
the career'teriolutely to eery citizen who comes to you
with a sinare heart and honest intentions. Examine what
he is worth, and not whence he comes. Let it suffice for
you that his character guarantees his word. But you
will set aside without hesitation whoever does not deserve
from you the enlightened confidence which you will seek
in your conscience. Apply yourself, therefore, to con-
ciliate men, and to reconcile them to each other. Your
first duty is to serve faithfully the interests of the Re-
public. Nothing will better secure to it convictions and
hearts than the spirit of wisdom and impartiality you may
display in your choice. In the path I trace to you, you
must expect the most contradictory attacks. Some will
accuse you of deserting the cause and principles you are
called upon to defend and make prevail. Leave to facts
and to time the care of demonstrating whether you or
they have best comprehended the interests of
the Republic. Others, on the contrary, will accuse
you of hesitation, of exclusion, perhaps of duplicity. In
the face of all these obstacles neither hasten nor delay
your march; the feeling that you are doing your duty
will indicate to you the just measure ; do not suffer
yourself to be diverted fro= it. Think that the public
life of a-functionary belongs to you, and, consequently,
to truth and to error. Do not be eager to defend your-
self against a calumny; know that as soon as one is de-
stroyed another is ready. Devote your time rather to
your country than to yourself. If, in the exercise of your
functions, you have to experience some disgust, some
discouragement, think that all these attacks, all these
calumnies, have no longer duration than your temporary
authority, and that, after that is at an end, nothing will
remain but your acts, which will mark you for remem-
brance or oblivion, for the gratitude or contempt of your
fellow-citizens. Think that free nations are suspicious
and that it is right that they should be so. More than
one nation has stifled its own liberties under the weight
of its gratitude. It is by this sprit that you will fulfil
the duties which the Constitution is about to
impose upon you. The country is suffsring
and some uaenlighted citizens, are but too
much disposed to attribute to the very principles of
the Republican Government the sufferings and prive-
tions which they endure. Apply yourself to combat
these evil tendencies, neglect nothing to hasten the ter-
mination of these sufferings, and remember that con-
fidence in the stability of the present and in the promises
of the future will restore to the people that well being
which awaits only that confidence to revive of itself.
Reckon that the Government will aid your efforts, will
encourage you by its approbation, will guide yen by its

advice and instructions. Like you, it feels all the value
of the return of confidence, which is the foundation of
public credit. The thought~ of the country are also
turned to events abroad. In possession of goad order at
home, it is made uneasy by the agitations the commo-
tions, the struggles created by the change of ideas in
neighbouring nations. Say to all around you who will
listen to you, and be not afraid of deceiving them, that
thanks to the loyal and generous principles of policy
traced out by the National Assembly, the Govern-
ment of the Republic is confident that it will reach
the term of its provisional authority without seeing
any disturbance of those pacific relations which all
its efforts have tended to and succeeded in
maintaining and consolidating; and that it will
bequeath to the definitive power a state of affairs by
which the maintenance of peace will cost nothing to the
honour or the interests of France. The National As-
sembly has willed that religion should be called upon to
consecrate the solemity which is being prepared. The
Government anticipated this idea, and assured itself of
your concurrence in realising it. The Constitution
guarantees to every citizen the free exercise of his own
mode of worship, and professes the eternal law of re-
spect for men's consciences. You will find in all the
ministers of religion a readiness to answer your appeal.
They hail with sincere homage the establishment of the
Republic. They find in it the application of all the prin-
ciples of liberty, equality, and fraternity, revealed to the
world by the Gospel, and carefully inscribed in the Con-
stitution. They will piously raise their thoughts towards
God, who protects the nation and the Republic. Thy
will thank Him for his benefits, and pray to Him for
new blessings upon the common country. You will
have to render an account to the Minister under whose
orders you find yourself placed of the measures you
shall have taken for the promulgation of the Consti-
tution.

" The President o' the Council of Ministers charged
with the Executive Power,

" CAVAIGNAC."

In the sitting of the National Assembly on Satur-
day there were no less than 33 applications from dif-
ferent Deputies for leave of absence. M. LH ERBSTTE,
in a most intemperate speech, opposed the granting
these leaves of absence to Deputies, who only applied
for them in order to go into their respective districts
to canvass for General CATAIGNAC.

The Assembly divided on the question, when there

appeared—

For granting leave

Against it • ••••

Majority .. ...

..-140

Prince LOUIS NAPOLEON BONAPARTE has quitted
Paris for two days, in order to avoid taking any part
in the public promulgation of the Constitution. This
studied insult to the Republic on the part of the
Russian candidate for the Presidency is suggestive,
and must open the eyes of all but the wilfully blind
to the real character of the pretensions of Prince
Louts.

M. Lion, who signs his name "Count LEON, son
of the EMPEROR," has addressed a long letter to the
Assernblee Nationale, in reference to an article which
had appeared in that journal about a story of a secret
will of NAPOLEON, which M. Lxox supposes to have
been made in his interest. The following is an extract
from M. LEON'S letter :

" Since the death of the Duke de Reichstadt, armed
with the letter of General Bertrand, which I quoted in
my letter to Citizen Louis, I have incessantly demanded
of the Bonaparte family the communication which is due
to me of the paragraph which concerns me in the secret
will of the Emperor Napoleon, my father, and have re-
ceived only continual and humiliating refusals. In 1840
I took a journey to London, to demand it of the ex-King
Joseph. The most base intrigues and odious calumnies
were opposed to me, and even my life was put in peril,
as I was on the point of fighting a duel with Citizen
Napoleon Louis Bonaporte. At last came the days of
February, which again brought into light all the prin-
ciples of eternal justice. I have taken advantage of this
to require from General Montholon the authentic act
passed before M. Tabourier, the notary of Paris, which
you must have observed in my letter to Citizen Napoleon
Louis Bonaparte. General Montholon then made me
a verbal promise to transmit me the paragraph above
referred to. But, since the days of February, some men
have changed their principles according to the current of
events, and Count Montholon, the friend of the Em-
peror, as you call him, and his principal testamentary
executor, now declares to me that, considering the
circumstances, it is impossible for him to keep the pro-
mise he gave me. This is not all. Citiz n Napoleon
Louis Bonaparte has not even deigned to answer my
letter; and emissaries, whom I can name, if necessary,
came to visit me on his behalf, to sound my intentions
and offer me money; bat, when I again insisted upon
having a communication of the secret will of the Em-
peror, they all retired. Then came partisans, advisers,
and, strange to say, Count Montholon himself, request.
ing me to be patient, and promising me everything on
the part of Citizen Louis, but not doing anything that
I had demanded of him. Thus they set my silence at a
price upon which they bargain."

The club of the deputies of the Rue Taitbout (the
Mountain), having adopted M. LEDRU Romart as its
candidate for the Presidency of the Republic, has
sent the following address into the departments:—

" Citizens I—We desired unity of government, aad
still do wish for it. We have voted against the prin-
ciple of a Presidency, but since the majority has car-
ried it, since the Constitution admits of a President, we
must carefully abstain; we must all now concert to bring
into power a man who represents our principles, and will
make them triumph. We have but one word to say on
the importance of the choice which the electors are called
upon to make ; the existence of the Republic depends
upon it! The candidates who appeal to you for your
suffrages arc know to you; you are acquainted with their
true worth. One puts forth a name—a dynastic reroi-
idscence; the other pledges to reaction. Without intend-
ing here to discuss the merits of all, we say that our first
thought is, that we must place at the head of the Re-
public—a Republican 1 for we must preserve, develepe,
complete the Republic ; fur it must live quand meme ; it
must, in fact, have those democratic and social institu-
tions, without which it would be only a mere form, an
empty word. Under the circumstances, Citizen Ledru
Rollin is the man who merits all our confidence, and who
will be able to unite all the different shades of demo-
cracy. We have no need to recommend to the esteem
of the patriots the claims of the man who, together with
the people, proclaimed the Republic, and organized uni-
versal suffrage. If Citizen Ledru Rollin has not yet
been able, either in the Provisional Government, or in
the Executive Committee, to apply all our princip!es,
and realise all our ideas, it has been because he was pa-
ralysed by a majority devoted to contrary principles and
ideas, You know our doctrines by our votes in the Na-
tional Assembly and by our declaration to the people.
If you adopt this programme, vote for the man who has
signed it, and the whole of whose efforts will be contri-
buted to its realization. Health and Fraternity
" In the name of the representatives of the Club Tait-

bout,
" The members composing its bureau—Lammenais,
Felix I'yat, Buvignier, Mathieu (Drome), Martin,
Bernard, Devine, Th. Bac."
The Moniteur publishes the following official pro-
gramme of the ceremony of the promulgation of the
Constitution on the Place de 1a Concorde

" Analimteardrg from
willi boereteie Place.tledifr A
front oftthhealgf-apatesstoefigthhet
he TuileriesNational
tional Assembly, accompanied by the Executive
tGovernment, will leave the Chamber and take their
places on the platform erected for them at the right of
the altar. The platform on the left will at the same
time be occupied by the members of the Diplomatic
Corps, of the Court of Cassation, the Council of State,
and the other constituted bodies. Salvoes of artillery
will announce the departure of the National Assembly
from the Chamber, and will be repeated at intervals
during the whole day. Behind the platforms, seats will
be placed on the terrace, for the accommodation
of persons provided with tickets, and the en-
trance to which will be by the gate op_
polite the Rue Castiglione. At nine o'clock
the clergy will leave the Church of the Madeleine, and
will proceed to take their places on the steps of the altar.
A platform will be placed at the foot of the altar, from
whence the President of the National Assembly, sur-
rounded by the Executive Government and the Bureau
of the Chamber will read to the people the text of the
Constitution. Immediately after this has been dune, a
Te Deem will be chanted, during which the Archbishop
of Paris, assisted by several prelates, will celebrate mass.
this being finished, the clergy will again form in pro-
cession and return to the Church of the Madeleine. The
National Guards of Paris and of the Departments pre-
viously stationed according to the orders of the military
authorities, and under the command of General Chan-
garnier, will begin to file off; marching round the Place,
and passing the platform on which tho National As-
sembly and the Executive Government will be seated.
After the filing off, the National Assembly, accompa-
nied by the Executive Government, will return to the
Chamber."
Up to ten o'clock yesterday morning all was quiet
in Paris. The different legions of the National Guard
were all under arms, and the only circumstance which
had transpired, at all indicative of any desire to re-
new attempts at disorder, was the assembling of a
party of men in blouses, to cheer the 6:h Legion of
the National Guard as it passed—the said 6th Legion
having been partially disarmed after the June insur-
rection, on account of the suspicious conduct of many
of its members. The Government having received
information that it was the intention of the clubs to
assemble on the Place de la Bastile, and make a
counter-manifestation during the promulgation of the
Constitution, caused the Place to be occupied, early
on Sunday, by two battalions of infantry, two batta-
lions of African chasseurs, and two pieces of cannon.
Up to ten o'clock, however, the clubbists had not
made their appearance.

The ceremonial of the proclamation of the Consti.
tution was proceeding in the Place de la Concorde
according to the programme. The crowd assembled
was not great, and as the weather was bitterly cold
and the snow falling fast during the whole morning,
no fears were entertained of any emeute.
In its sitting on Friday the Municipal Commission
decided that the fetes for the inauguration of the