The Sun.
London, England, 1848-04-05 00:00:00

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LONDON. WEDNESDAY APRIL 5, 1848.

There must, undoubte'llY, have been a sensation of
porters of the Jewish
despondency on the minds
of the most resolute sup-
in the moment when its triuDisabilities Bill even
mpilai paisage through
Committee was announced yes
ins
ing by the tellers of the
mons. They must have experienced a
of
Cora
regret in the very midst of their exultatione,
laare Ire:11gc; l
regret
that the principles of religious intolerance
cherished by the more fanatical admirers of
anity. They could not fail to recognise, however un.
willingly, the continued existence of that prejudice
against the " chosen people " of JEFF:WAR, which in
past generations produced such devilish and dastardly
Persecutions. Like the gradual and almost antitheti-
cal disappearance of the daylight, as it is wonderfully
depicted by KIBME WHITE, when he says in the
opening couplet of his "Clifton Grove,"—
" Lo! in the west fast fades the lingering light,
And day's last vestige takes its silent ilight,",
the disappearance of the malign spirit of intolerance
is at once rapid and retarded. Among the mass of
the population there is possibly nothing more ab-
horred than bigotry, yet, notwithstanding the uni.
versality of this sentiment of benevolence, there are
still individuals who would fashion the creed of their
fetlow•creatures by the compression of the Scaven•
ger'a Daughter, or by the thumb-screw of the Inqui-

sition. The fact is obvious beyond all contradiction.
It would have been sufficiently attested, if by nothing
else, at least, by the agitation excited by the election
of ROTHSCHILD, and by the subsequent Bill of Rus-
SELL. The last ghost of exclusiveness was there at-
tempted to be laid by the solemn anathemas of the
law, and the worshippers of the obsolete system con-
centrated their powers in a final struggle for its pre-

nervation.
From the very commencement of the contest
in behalf of the political emancipation of the
Israelites, it was evident that the opponents of the
proposed measure were actuated with the ardour of

animosity, while its supporters, on the contrary, were
Inspired by a profound reliance upon numerical
strength and ethical propriety. The one was violent
from despair, the other was languid from conviction.
The one was jealous, rancorous, and vociferous, the
other was characterised by a calmness that almost
imparted to it an- aspect of indifference. From the
first the triumph of justice might have been predicted.
From the first it became manifest that men like
my Lord WINCHILSEA would l.e left in a minority as
"ridiculously small " as the eighteenpence of
MONTAGUE TIGG. There is now no longer
any room for mere conjecture. The battle
has been fought, and the champions of civil and re-
ligious liberty have again proved victorious—the
Jew Bill has already passed through Committee in
the Lower House, and will speedily be carried
through the House of Peers, until the magic words
La reine la veute transforms the proposition into an
enactment.

According to a moderate calculation, the number
of the Hebrew race, resident and naturalised in Eng-
land, is said to be somewhere about 30,000. It is a
diminutive portion, we will allow, of so vast a popu-
lation. Still those 30,000 contribute, by their la-
bours, by their intelligence, by their property, and
by their enterprise, towards the national prosperity.
Their instalment of the taxes finds its way into the
coffers of the Treasury as surely as the instalment of the
most orthodox congregation in the United Kingdom.
At the bar, in the army, in the navy, in the marts of
merchandise, may be found the active representatives
of this long-proscribed and degraded family. Through
the generous interposition of the Legih.lature, they
have been relieved one by one of the manacles rivetted
upon them by our ancestors, the magistracy has been
opened to them, they are eligible to the responsible
office of sheriffs, they are possessors of the elective
franchise. But one restriction remained upon the
Israelites—but one—the fragment of the galling
chain which their forefathers had worn for centuries.
They were not admissible to a scat in Parliament.
This was the last residue of the; intolerance of
a comparative antiquity. It was to dissipate for
ever the very remembrance of our ancestral fanaticism,
by destroying this last shred of that garment of de-
rision which had been flung years ago over the
shoulders of the Jews, that Lord JOHN RUSSELL
proposed the erasure of the obstructive expression
from the obnoxious Oath of Abjuration. Happily that
proposition has been welcomed with an earnestness
quite in accordance with the generous character of

ie Legislature and with the liberal requirements of

the age. In spite of the misrepresentations of Mr.
ADDERLEY, in spite of the supercilious and rather
vulgar sarcasms of Mr. GORING, in spite of the in-
temperate antagonism of Mr. CUMMING BRUCE, and
the pert interposition of Mr. LAw—the Bill for the
removal of the Jewish disabilities has been carried suc-
cessfully through the Committee of the House of
Commons. There is consequently no farther doubt
as to the introduction of the Baron LIONEL DE
ROTHSCHILD into that Legislative Chamber to which
he has been spontaneously elected by the Christian
inhabitants of the metropolis of Great Britain. This
will be the splendid consummation of the great cause
with which the name of Lord JOHN RUSSELL is for
ever associated, the sacred and sublime cause of civil
liberty and religious toleration.

The French Republic is peculiarly happy in its
Minister for Foreign Affairs. Upon M. LAMARTINE
devolves the execution of all the difficult and delicate
tasks which perplex and inconvenience the new
Government, and in the execution of these affairs he
displays a tact and adroitness far greater than even
his well-known abilities would have led us to antici-
pate. It is proverbially remarked that great writers
are not eloquent, or, if occasionally their genius is
evinced by some brilliant declamation, their general
conversation is deficient in rhetorical ability. How-
ever, LAMARTINE, on the contrary, seems prepared
for every emergency. It is not in vain that he has
conned the experience of history, and pondered over
those hidden truths which contain the solution of all
political problems, neither is it in vain that he has
exercised his powers of composition and embellished
his natural genius with all the graces of style ; for
that constant study and constant practice have ren-
dered the great principles which he advocates con-
tinually present to his mind, and enable him on all
occasions to demonstrate and enforce them with un-
questionable skill and most impressive eloquence.
Hence, as we have already said, he is prepared for
every emergency, and hence the French Government
is peculiarly fortunate in having him to assist them
in evading their perplexities. LAMARTINE'S pe-
culiar abilities have been more especially called
into operation by the numerous deputa-
tions which, in his character of Foreign Minister,
it has been his duty to receive. These deputations,
at least many of them, under various and most
plausible pretexts, were so many instigations to war.
While the avowed object of the French Republic was
the preservation of peace, in those sacred names of
Liberty and Fraternity which she has adopted as her
watchword, France has been summoned by foreign
nations to arm herself and co-operate with them. In
answering these demands it was incumbent on
the French Minister—the Minister of a new Re-
public to respond heartily and entirely to
such democratic appeals, and to tender the most
earnest assurances of the sympathy and co-operation
of France, while at the same time it was equally in-
cumbent on the Minister who had proclaimed the
doctrine of universal peace to refuse his assent to
every such appeal. In this embarrassing position
LA'S!ARTINE has repeatedlylfound himself placed, but he
has waria.bly, with admirable dexterity, steered clear
et.
either difficulty, and dismissed every deputation with
r:ltiinoinstearn.d guraet,ittbulsentoewwallirdsnis
Francet
their demands rejected, yet their hearts filled with admi-
ration
yanedtre
herunpForeign
has
r ,
in the wiles of diplomacy, a
refusal a
already acquiredbl the
difficult art of making
as
concession. This was the case in the interview
w e ab sic ha
he held with the deputation of the PolesTh
came to solicit assistance in effecting their ern
. • ey
ancipa-
tion, an assistance which they naturally
imagined
the young Republic would concede to them. But
LAMARTINE, however much he may have
sympa-
thised with their endeavours, still adhered to h
pacific principles which he well knew were m t otose d
vantageous to the cause of liberty. Nevertheless,
-
he did not refuse assistance to Poland, but be enu-
merated the great reforms then transpiring all
over
' Europe, and exclaimed, "Behold the weapons
we
have put into your hands 1 These last thirty days
have done more for democracy than thirty battles."
Another deputation has recently waited on the
French Minister, which has, in a peculiar manner,
elicited an evidence of his diplomatic adroitness. On
Saturday the deputation of the Irish insurgents pre-
sented to the Provisional Government the address
of congratulation from the Irish people, re-
cently decided upon. In this address, it
will be remembered, the Irish speak to the French
" as slaves should address freemen," and the
whole tenor of the corn position is a prayer for French
assistance in' their proposed rebellion. On Monday
this important document was presented. M. LA-
1:4,11NR alone received the Irish visitors. His
reply, of course, expressed the gratification with
Francet' must necessarily receive all such de-
monstrations of sympathy and congratulation ; but,
so far from responding to the rebellious sentiments of
Ireland, Lord
themLAlE'-'nON himself could not have
discountenanced
more entirely. The Irish
must fight their battle alone (if it is to be fought) ;
not one soldier, not
one
additional pike, will they
get from France. Let those who count upon such as-
sistance listen to La MARTIN ii.
"
he, " and we are desirous of lVe
are at peace," said
remaining on good terms of
equality, not with this or that
part
but with Great Britain entire, of
Great Britain,
We believe this
peace to be useful and honourable,- not only to Great
Britain and the French Republic, but to the Ullman ,

race. We will not commit an act—we will not utter
a word—we will not breathe an insinuation at va-
riance with the principles of the reciprocal inviola-
bility of nations which we have proclaimed, and of
which the continent of Europe is already gathering
the fruits. The fallen monarchy had treaties and
diplomatists. Our diplomatists are nations—our
treaties are sympathies. We should be insane were
we openly to exchange such a diplomacy for un-
meaning and partial alliances with even the most le-
gitimate parties in the countries which surround us.
We are not competent either to judge them or to
prefer some of them to others ; by announcing our
partisanship of the one side we should declare our-
selves the enemies of the other. 'We do not wish to
be the enemies of any of your fellow-countrymen.
We wish, on the contrary, by a faithful observance
of the Republican pledges, to remove all the preju-
dices which may mutually exist between our neigh-
bours and ourselves. This course, however
painful it may be, is imposed on us by the law of
nations, as well as by our historical remembrances."
He proceeded to say that the cause of the great war
between France and England had originated in Mr.
PITT'S interference in the internal government of
France ; " and," added he, " this cause of dissension
between Great Britain and ourselves we will never
renew, by taking any similar course." The Deputation,
as usual, withdrew, exclaiming "Viva la Republique!
—Viva le Gouvernement Provisoire !—Vive LAMAR-
TINE !"—nevertheless, in spite of their acclamations,
we are inclined to think they must have been im-
measurably disappointed and somewhat crest-fallen.
Mr. O'BRIEN will hardly now, we imagine, venture
to consult LAMARTINE as to the proposed National
Guard of Ireland ; or perchance the latter, in pur-
suance of his non-interfering policy, may refer him
for advice on the subject to the Duke of WELLINGTON.
This interview, if it had no other effect, would be
interesting as affording, both by the individuals who
composed, it, and the terms of the two addresses, an
illustration of the vivid contrast existing between
enlightened liberalism and true philanthropy and
pseudo-patriotism and an ambition for notoriety.
How insignificant did the Irish delegates, with the
flaming and insensate rhetoric of the slaves addressing
freemen, appear beside the French Minister, earnestly
and eloquently upholding liberty, but yet proclaiming
peace, and appealing to the experience of history as a
corroboration of the inestimable efficacy of amity
among nations in preserving and promoting the wel-
fare of each and all. M. LAMARTINE'S speech may,
and doubtless will, occasion some disappointment to
the insurgent and disaffected people of England and
of Ireland, but it cannot fail to diffuse immeasurable
satisfaction to all true friends of England, and Ire-
land, and France. 'We are inclined to think, indeed,
that the covert reproof of the French Republic will
have as much effect in stilling the agitation of Irish
Liberals as the menaces of the English Government,
or even the strenuous and praiseworthy exertions of
Lord CLARENDON. For this valuable assistance at
such a time we owe M. LAMARTINE our cordial and
grateful felicitations.

Madrid journals of the 29th ult. have arrived.

The capital continued quiet. Two prisoners con-
demned to death by the Court-martial for the part
they took in the recent emeute have been pardoned by
the QUEEN.
General Ruts VAN HALEN and NOGUERAS left
Madrid on the 28th in obedience to the orders of the
Government.

MADRID BoLse, MARCH 29.—The Three per
Cents., 2 1 g ; Five per Cents., 14 ; Exchange on Lon-
don, 44.

THE FRENCH REPUBLIC,

PROCEEDINGS AT PARIS.

We have received the Paris papers of yesterday.

- -
It would appear from the tenor of certain articles
in the National as if the Provisional Government had
determined to take possession of the railways, by re-
deeming all the shares at the price they bore on the
21st of February. The National thus argues the
question :
" We see not wherefore the state should not emit a
quantity of paper corresponding to the value of the
railways, inasmuch as the riches of the state would be
increased by the value of the railway lines. L,-t it be
considered, also, that the payment of these recites would
not burden the budget, and would impose no fresh sacri-
fices on the public, because the receipts of the railways
would be enough to meet this service. We should cer-
tainly have to provide for the finishing of the lines
already commenced; but money can always be found in
France for useful works."

The National then proceeds to reply in the follow-
ing manner to those who object to this as a measure
of spoliation :—" How," it asks, "are people spo-
gated who are paid the value of their property ? The
purchase is forced, they say, but the principle of
expropriation for the public good is it not consecrated
in our legislations ? These arguments are not serious.
'We suspect that the interest of shareholders is put
forward to screen that of administrators, who are
inconsolable at the idea of losing their fat stalls."

The news from Lyons is anything but satisfactory.
The volunteers enrolled there took upon themselves
to detain the 13th Light Horse, just returned from
Africa, that they might repose after their march, and
this, notwithstanding that they had been ordered to
join the army of the Alps without delay—the army
moving up to the support of Piedmont in case of
necessity.

We find in the Constitutionnel the following in re-
lation to the affairs of Italy :
" In the midst of the chaos of events which no human
imagination could have foreseen or followed, two parties
appear to be disputing for the victory in the Lombardo-
Venetian States even before it is won—the Piedmontese
party, which wishes for a constitutional kingdom fur
Italy, and the Republican party, who demand ancient
franchises, and wishes that every city should be entirely
independent.
" In this conflict of ideas and opinions, and in this
general conflagration, there is much danger to be appre-
hended; on the one hand absolutism, rising again into
existence under a new form, and on the other munici-
palise, that spirit of discord and envy which lost the
Italian Republics in the middle ages. The safety of
Italy lies in the solution of this important problem.
" Charles Albert, however, appears to be animated
with the best intentions, and caretully repeats in all his
proclamations that his views are most disinterested, and
that he only brings to the people the assistance of a
friend and of a brother, and that when once the Aus-
trians are driven out of Italy, he will leave each state
free to choose which form of government it may consider
best. So many years of misfortune and oppression
have, however, made the Italians very distrustful.
" The Austrians have entrenched themselves at Mantua
and at Verona, where they occupy very formidable posi-
tions. A great number of prisoners belonging to the
first families of Milan, are still in their hands; and there
is much reason to fear that the rage of the butchers of
Radetsky, exasperated by detest, may expose them to
very cruel treatment. The late massacres at Milan
were beyond everything horrible.
" The Croatians murdered children before the eyes of
their mothers, cut off the hands of young girls in order
to possess themselves of their bracelets and rings, pil-
laged and burnt houses, leaving devastation and death to
mark their passage in every quarter of the city.
" Some letters have been seized which seriously com-
promise the late Viceroy, who, however, pretended to
have less cruel feelings. It appears to have been the
Viceroy who ordered the pillage and massacres—acts
which for ever dishonour the name of Austria.
" Whilst the Piedmontese army is triumphing in
Lombardy, Savoy is detaching itself from the Sardinian
states and endeavouring again ,to become French. In
several clubs which assembled the day before yesterday
at Chanabery a Provisional Government was proclaimed.
What is most extraordinary in this affair is, that at the
very moment that this was taking place, the rorace at
Lyons were calling on all the hotel.keepers to discharge
the natives of Savoy from their service, and compelling
them to leave the country of their adoption,. where they
had resided for many years. Savoyis, therefore, not
revengeful."
BOURSE.—PeaIe, TUESDAY, A
TDREE O'CLOCK.—A heavy fall tookPßp" e a 1 4.
at the
opening of the Bourse, but prices recovered c
afterwards,
and closed better than was expected. Still everything
is lower than the preceding day. The French Five per
Cents. opened at 54f., dropped at once to 521., and
then
recovered to 531., at which they left off, being 2f. lower
than the last price of the day before. The Three per
Cents. opened at 35f., went down to 34f., and then,
after
some fluctuations between that quotation and 35f., fell
again, to 34f., at which they closed, being a fall of lf. 25c.
on the day. French Four per Cents. were done at 461,
being a fall of not less than 4f. Bank of France Shares
were at one time done as low as 1,090 f., but they closed
at 1,1151., showing a decline of 20f. Belgian Fives
closed at 501., being one-half lower; Piedmont, at 640 f.,
or 10f. lower ; Quatre Canaux, at 7001., or 20f. lower.
Roman is unaltered, at 50f. Bons du Tresor were ex-
ceedingly offered to-day, and were almost unnegotiable,
being at not less than 48 per cent. loss. Rail-
way Shares were offered during the whole course of the
day's business, in consequence of a fresh article in the
National, insisting on th 3 necessity of the Government
expropriating the several lines. This caused many to
believe that the intention spoken of a few days ago has
been resumed. Orleans have at last followed the ex-
ample of all the rest, and are below par; they balanced
for some time at 500 f., but at length gale way, and Owed

at 490 f., being 30f. lower than the day before. Marseilles
are at 165 f., or 25f. lower; Rouen at 317 f. 50c., or 10f.
lower; Northern at 308 f. 75c., or 6f. 25c. lower; Havre
at 1901., or sf. lower; Bordeaux are sf. better, at 3851.;
Nantes, If. 25c., at 327 f. 50c. The Syndicate of the
agens-de-change have just decided on an alteration
which will increase their profits to the loss of persons
buyirg and selling. They were accustomed to charge
but one commission when a client bought and sold on the
same day; they now charge separately on both trans-
actions. French gold is still at 701. The I,ooof. note
costs from 121. to 151. to get cashed. The sovereign is
worth less, being at 251. 75c. to 26f.

BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, APRIL 4.

Boulogne and Amiens, 514—Namur and Liege, 11—
Northern of France. '2l%—Orleans and Bordeaux, 11/2—Paris
and Orleans, 20—Paris and Rouen, 12.

GERMANY
AND

THE NORTHERN STATES.

FRANKFORT.

The Cathruhe Gazette publishes a letter dated
Frankfort, April 1, which says :—" Between three
and four o'clock yesterday afternoon two parties
appeared in the street de Bockenheim, the one com-
posed of inhabitants of Hanau and 1/Irmstadt, with
the flag of the Parliament ; the other consisting of
residents of Mayence, under the command of ex-
Lieutenant METTERNICH, with the ensigns of the
Republic. METTERNICH and his adherents attacked
the former party, and endeavoured to seize their flag.
The Republican flag was destroyed in the hands of
METTERNICR, who received several dangerous wounds.
One of his supporters also received a wound in the
face. The civic guard restored order. The intelli-
gence of this rencontre compelled the members of
the Assembly to interrupt their deliberations. The
election of the Assembly will not take place till the
3d instant.