The Sun.
London, England, 1848-09-19 00:00:00

PEDESTRIANISAL

SMITH, OF COLCIIESTER, AND BATES, OF DAVENTRY,
20 MILES, FOR 20 Sovs.—Tbe walking-match between
these men, who had previously met at Watford in a
similar competition, for a larger amount, wherein Smith,
who then gave two minutes' start, was defeated, took
place yesterday on the Banbury-road, near Daventry.
At noon the pedestrians started, on a measured mile,
containing a declivity at its starring, and of course an
acclivity to be surmounted in the return. Smith, whose
age is 36, is a wiry-looking, light man, of scarcely 5
feet 5 inches ; Bates, a fresh countrymen of 25 years,
and 6 feet 7 inches in height. For the first six miles
the men were nearly together, Smith forcing the pace,
and taking 53 minutes 4 seconds to cover that distance.
About the eighth mile Smith appeared to have been
walking too fast, and Bates passed him, amid the cheers
of the lads of Daventry. From this to the tenth mile,
which was completed in lb. 31m. 405., the men strained
,every nerve in a succession of spurts, alternately chang-
ing their relative positions. Thenceforth, Smith, who
seemed to gain his second wind, drew a-head of his man
who could never pull up the lost ground, and at
the fourteenth mile, on turning, was 250 yards behind;
coming down for the 15th, every chance of overtaking
his man being out, he resigned, and Smith completed
the twenty miles at his leisure. The conduct of the
men of Daventry, under the mortification of their towns-.
man's losing, was most exemplary and orderly.
SAMUEL MEDCALF AND G. COOS.—This race, of 100
yards, for 10 soya. a• side, between these sprint runners,
was brought to a determination yesterday, at Willesden.
The attendance was numerous. It was six o'clock be-.
fore the men started, and for the first 80 yards they
ran well together, Medcalf with a trifling lead; at about
that distance he left his man, and ran in, after a good
struggle on the part of the loser, Cook, by a yard.
JAMES DELANEY AND C. PERILINS.---A goodly muster
of spectators assembled yesterday on Wandsworth Com-
mon, to witness the trial of speed between the above
men. The distance was one hundred and fifty yards for
two pounds aside. The men showed at the scratch
shortly after four. Perkins (who has been in training
from the time the match was made) was in excellent
condition, but Delaney seemed too heavy for his slim
antagonist. They both got off together, and at ten
yards Delaney was folly three yards in advance, which
distance he continued to improve, and ultimately ran in
an easy winner by five yards. Time, 18 seconds. 'rho
betting at starting was at 9to 4 on the winner. The
cab in which Delaney came to the ground upset as it
neared the Common, but fortunately he received no
injury.

MORRIS THE PEDESTRIAN.—OH Monday last this
celebrated pedestrian performed the following feat at
Llanover—First, he walked half-a-mile, then ran half-a-
mile, walked backwards half•a-mile, walked backwards
and forwards half-a-mile, played a violin halt-a-rude,
played a tamborine ball- a-mile, ran a coach-•wheel halt'-
a-mile, trundled a hoop half-a-mile, wheeled a barrow
half-a-mile, hopped 100 yards, and then picked up 100
stones placed one yard apart, 50 with his mouth, and 50
with his hands, and brought each stone to a basket. He
completed this in eight minutes less than an hour, in the
presence of a large number of spectators, who were much
amused arid surprised at the performance of this extra-
ordinary feat.—Carmarthen Journal. _,

EMIGRATION. ;.t--J.i.,,,/,--.;.:4--0.--,Nc,
TO THE EDITOR OF THE 8 40+1?:.\--7:)2::74:--.7...,„
------kTi
, ~ ..:, ---,_.ek
S7a,—We Lave been remarkably slow 'te\if -4' =''''''
elating the importance of emigration; but the s -,A -7.-----: is at length fairly before us, and the principtidioris
tion now seems to be the one involving a conside?alioliti 7'`W•nar
of ways and means. "A systematic plan of coloniza-
tion" found an advocate in Lord John Rusgell in the
year 1845 ; such a plan would embrace arrangements
for the raising of funds, and for the distribution of
carefully selected persons among the colonists, accord-
ing to their respective wants. We annually expend
many millions sterling in supporting the poor ; surely
a proportion of this money would be well employed
in pupplying British subjects abroad with the labour •
that is required to render their capital productive ; in
reducing tlat. number of the dependent poor; in ele-
vating the 4k-bodied pauper from his degraded posi-
tion—transmuting, in fact, the useless, or worse than
useless member of society, into a consumer of home
manufactures, a contributor, directly and indirectly, to
the wealth of the nation.
In the year 1842 I ventured to record an opinion
in the pages; of the Sydney Herald that, if emigra-
flop were systematized, the guardians of the poor in
England would be found ss illing to lend a helping
hand in furtherance of its objects ; and, at the same
time, I called attention to the expedient adopted by
Mr. Lawson as suggestive of other modes of relief
in periods of great scarcity of labour. This gentle-
man was at one time, under the necessity of writing
to his agent' to procure servants for him in England,
and it answered his purpose to do so, inasmuch as the
parties were engaged, according to his own statement,
" for three years at low wages, so that at the termi-
nation of_tbat period the saving made up the cost of
their passage out." ln an able article published in
the Times in June last, the writer, estimating the
cost of transport at 151. per head, remarks—" of this
51. a head would be willingly paid by many parishes
to the same number of juvenile emigrants -as now
receive it on. entering their apprenticeship ;" and " we
have the authority of Australian colonists now in
England for saying that, of the remaining
101. one-half would be readily . paid down
by the settler on engaging his labourer." With
respect to the other 51., the writer thinks that the
best way to raise that sum would be by "a' labour-
tax in the colony, to be paid by the parties hired dur-
ing the second and third years of their colonial resi-
dence ;" this payment, in reality, " would come out
of the pocket of the hirer, i. e., out of the land." The
reason assigned, in this instance, for preferring that
this money should be collected as a tax-upon labour
is, that " the Government would have a stronger hold
upon men whose ambition it was to become capitalists
and employers of labour themselves, than it could
have on those who were already settled as possessors
of land."
The feasibility of a plan of this kind might easily
and quickly be brought to the test, and, if in any
point it failed, various other appliances are at hand to
render it efficient. This, in lieu of the proposed di-
rect payment by the settler, the colonial land revenue
now again becoming productive, might be made avail-
able for a third of the cost of transport; and such an
economical application of it would prevent it from
being wasted as it was a few years ago, and at the
same time ensure a continuous supply of fresh
' labourers. Associations for the promotion of emigra-
tion, the extension of which should be encouraged,
might effect, in case of need, w hat the parochial
authorities failed to do with respect to another pro-
portion of the expenses; and undoubtedly there are
many in this country, not reduced to a state of abso-
lute pauperism, who would gladly pay Si. or 61., by
periodical deposits, if not in one sum, to secure a pas-
sage to Australia, or whose friends or relations would
do so for them. And, in addition to all these sources
ofincome, a well-arranged system would be entitled
to support from the home Government, and such sup-
port, irrespective of direct pecuniary aid, could be
accorded in a variety of ways too obvious to require
particular mention. _

I have alluded to the improvident expenditure, at
a recent period, of the land revenue of New South
Wales. In explanation of this allusion I will just
observe, that although in the four years ending in
1841 a sum of 737,0001. was spent, and upwards of
40,000 free emigrants introduced into the
country, yet, according to the statements
made before the Colonial Emigration Com-
mittee by Mr. Hamilton and other gentlemen,
" not a twentieth part" of the men were found will-
ing, on disembarking, to undertake pastoral or agri-
cultural employment; and on the subject of the
"qualification of immigrants" the report states, that
" the very attempt to pass off too large a proportion
of them is a disgrace to the parties engaged in it—
proofs of deception attempted, and of fraud and
forgery actually committed, by persons in the United
Kingdom connected with the occupation of sending
out emigrants under bounty-orders, have been pain-
fully frequent." Matters appear to be better ordered
in this particular than they were in 1840; but same-
thing more is essential under existing circumstances
than mere improvement in points of detail. The
great desideratum of the day is the establishment of
a comprehensive plan upon a permanent basis. We
need no conclave of " master spirits" on this occasion
—half a dozen men of business would suffice ; and is
it not the duty of the British Government to originate
such a measure ? O. S.
London, September, 1848.

CANADIAN LAND AND RAILWAY

- -
ASSOCIATION.
Last night the second of a series of meetings that are
being held in various parts of the metropolis, of the
above company, took pace at the Surrey Educational
Institution, King's. court, Great Suffolk-street, Borough,
for the purpose of eNplaining the objects of the Associ-
ation, as well as the great benefits that would accrue to
those who become shareholders in the undertaking. The
chair was taken by the Rev. Mr. Geary.
The CHAIRMAN, in cpening the proceedings, stated
that the Association had for its object the colonization
of British North America, and also the forming of a
railway extending from Halifax to Quebec, thus to afford
to the surplus population the means of that employment
of which they were now deprived.—(Hear, hear.) The
Rev. Chairman concluded by observing that the Com-
pany proposed the raising of a capital of two million.
pounds sterling, in 5/. shares, for carrying out the
project.
Mr. CAMPBELL, the secretary, next came forward, and
entered into an elaborate account of the plans of the as-
sociation, whose objects, he said, were to effect upon a
more extensive scale than had yet been suggested a
plan by which the working classes of this country
might be placed in a situation to obtain good
employment, to invest their capital profitably, and
thereby to combine their skill and capital under
one interest. At the present time the. interest of
the labouring classes was not the interest of the
capitalists, and it was desirable that the surplus hands
in the market, as society was at present constituted,
should be found
heeuml
should
employment,
inoymaffenert,ded to theme orderen as
the means of subsistence
fairlyC eersb.e)forTehtehye
wweerlle anslsoto theanx ersionoswntobrionfgprthoepem"ayt.t—er(
public, to show the practicability of the scheme. Mr.
Campbell, in conclusion, proposed the following resolu-
dew--

That, in the present state of the country, there
are thousands of the working classes unemployed and
destitute of the means of subsistence, and unable to give
their children such a course of training as would render
them useful members of society; and therefore, this
meeting declares its conviction that a well-organised
system of colonization, uniting the labour, skill, and ca-
pital of all classes, would tend materially to remove these
great social evils."
Mr. MILLS seconded the motion, which was carried.
The next resolution was as follows:—" That the plan
of the Canadian Laud and Railway Association proposed
by the working classes to be carried into effect front
their own resources, and under a company. authorised
by royal charter, offers a large field for their profitable
employment."
This resolution having been also carried, several gen-
tlemen addressed the meeting, thanks were voted to the
Reverend Chairman, and the company separated.

TO TILE EDITOR OF THE SUN.
SlR,—Our attention has just been called to a police
report, of Clerken well, in your paper of Saturday last,
which is calculated to do us much injury. As regards
ourselves, it is utterly without foundation. No oc-
currence of the kind having taken place, nor do we
know any person of the name residing in South-
ampton-row, or any other jeweller of the name. We
therefore consider it is due to us that such
a pre-
judicial report should be most unqualifiedly contra-
dicted, and trust you will, by the insertion of'this letter
in your next impression, afford the opportunity of
reparation for the injury done by circulationthi.Aelio be
udst
enof
your former num
jbeNrotks,Veoa.rel,v.s
Sir, your
servants,
3, Southampton-row, 18th Sept., 1848.

-- - - -- _
SCENE IN Cuuncu..—On Sunday weet-: the after-
noon lecturer at a church not far from London-bridge
preached a sermon on behalf of that somewhatUnemalous
class of individuals technically called Scripture Readers.
The forcible arguments of the lit ea.elier in adVocating
the claims of his proteges sent the hands of his, hearers
direct to their purses, and his persuasive accents had
doubtless induced them to devise liberal thinks; but,
alas! instead of the churchwardens at the conclusion of
the discourse stepping forward to receive the contribu-
tions of the cor4;regation, " they n•maincti," to -quota)
the graphic description of cur informant, "in I_l3,e,ii:
seats, as if they formed part of the Official }dew.;
then
n-1740t
reverend gentleman looked first at the wardens, h
the congregation, while the congregationd
equal astonishment at the clergylooked with
at the war-
onations, and re-
ttlheenrse.
wAa
st
nl eon. gp
,thr
sthose o writ:a:4cl toe ntdhmseeda
ditioar subscribe found
turned their money to their pockets. The wardens theh
No collection being
retiredbiit 4
nidntlob
et the e
lest vestryti
et or
church."tlipurposee. of obtaining their
wardens had declined briefly.rnn de, -Ithoe
sayel clergy lasttahna . Sunday
collection,
charity_serpoon had not
because the consent thought' it necessary
to make the
obtained.of the layltreicstoaraiatotth.thet
th h 'lift 01
the matter is about to be referred, to the diocesan. -
The Countess D o wageroi .Carnwa as, oul
cesiei --plaCe, i'ortman-square, tk.r Scotland.