The Sun.
London, England, 1848-07-14 00:00:00

THE SUN, .rAONpOx, FRIDAY .EIVVN'IN'a, JULY Li, IBA

ficent (!ountry. Making them really part and parcel of
the eT npire, assimilating them so far as practicable to
the Jl:nglish peasantry, and letting them enjoy equal
rights and privileges, civil and religious, with those
which belong to our own people.
The first step towards the attainment of this great
result is to shorten the time within which communi-
cations can be effected, and travellers may pass from
one country to the other—making them, in fact, integral
portions of the same kingdom. By the construction
of railways, and the adoption of steam navigation,
time and space have been practically annihilated,
and the journey from London to Dublin, or
vice versa, may now be effected in a shorter time,
and with less labour, danger, and expense, than a
transit from one provincial town to another, could
have been performed a little more than half a century
ago. Ireland is now, to all intents and purposes, as
close to the English metropolis as some of our more
distant counties, such as Durham, Northumberland,
Cumberland, &c. &c., and those who introduce still
further improvements in this respect may be regarded
as public benefactors. This is the object of the
Chester and Holyhead Railway Company. Their line
will, when completed, form the highway between the
islands, and eventually a portion of the regular route
between all parts of Europe and America. Why
should any general rules, whatever might be their
abstract propriety, be permitted to impede so
beneficial a design ? If those rules were so
irrevocable that they could not be suspended or
varied when occasion required they would become the
masters and not the creatures of the Legislature:; in
place of being useful and valuable servants, they
would be most rigid and inexorable superiors. Well
might the President of the Board of Trade exclaim, that
" if ever the rule should be dispensed with, it was ia the
present instance," and well might the Right Hon.
Baronet the Member for Tamworth urge in the
House the propriety of sanctioning the application
that had been made, with the merits of which he, in
his capacity as Chairman of the Committee before
whom it was investigated, had peculiar opportunities
of making himself thoroughly acquainted. To these
appeals the Legislature has responded nobly ; and we
can now congratulate the country in general that
Parliament has sanctioned the great undertaking in
its integrity, without any alteration that could
diminish its utility. We have ourselves: from] the
earliest period been amongst the warmest advocates
for its adoption, and we have reason to rejoice that
the arguments we have from time to time put
forward have thus at length received the imprimatur
of both Houses of Parliament.

An article in the Quarterly Review, just published,
having immediate reference to the Italian peninsula,
is so delightfully argumentative, that, in spite of the
extravagance of its tendency, we must perforce give
it some small share of our attention. According to
the opinion of the writer—Lombardy is as legiti-

SPAIN.

Madrid journals of the Bth have been received.
On the 7th instant the Society of Veteran Militia-
men dined together to celebrate the anniversary of

.he action of the 7th July, 1822. General NAUVAEZ

and Count MIRASOL were both present, and sub-
scribed largely to the funds of the society.
The Heraldo, with that unblushing disregard of
truth which characterises ChRISTINA, NARVAEZ, and
their tool, SOTODIAYOR, who speaks but as he is

prompted, denies that ELI() is in Spain. His procla-
mation, which we published yesterday, is a sufficient
reply to this attempt of NARVAEZ to deceive the
Madrilenos. Those most veracious organs of NAR-
VAEZ and CHRISTINA, the lleraldo and the Espano,
only two days previously denied that CABRERA. was
in Spain, and declared that he was confined with the
gout at Toulon. Perhaps the following account of
CABRERA'S first battle, extracted from the Journal
dac Peuple of Bayonne, may enlighten them as to the
whereabout of that formidable chieftain : _ _

" Cabrera, four days after his entry into Catalonia,
fought an action which has given him fresh celebrity iu
the eyes of his partisans, by the display of military
talent which be gave, anti by the loss he occasioned to
his opponents. On the 28th June he was at Sumulus,
about five leagues from Barcelona, when he received
intelligence that General La Rocha was advancing to
attack him with about 3,000 men, while the whole force
he (Cabrera) could oppose to him was 900 infantry and
25 cavalry. Instead of flying„Cabrera immediately lett
the village, took up a position with his troops, and
awaited until the first body of the Queen's troops ad-
vanced within pistol shot. He then advanced :his men
to fire, when the full discharge killed a great num-
ber of the enemy, without his losing a single I
man, in consequence of the excellent position
in which he had placed them. The firing lasted
for upwards of two hours, and then, in order to take ad-
vantage of the ground, he ordered his men to retire, in
order to draw his assailants into a small valley, which
was skirted with plantations, which afforded him cover
for his followers, and from which he kept up".a con-
stant discharge of musketry until a late hour at night
with rapidly increasing loss to the Queen's forces. He
then made a movement which led General La Rocha to
believe that he had retired towards the mountains of
Monscue, whilst, in reality, his troops went quietly to
repose themselves at Caldas de Monburg.
" Forcadell, with the forces which he had assembled,
attacked on the same day some other bodies of the
Queen's troops, and after a sharp skirmish he remained
master of the position which the latter had occupied, and
with about 400 of their men as prisoners.
" In Catalonia the Carlist party is making immense
progress, and in a little time the Queen's troops will not
dare to show themselves in the open field, iu spite of
their numerical force, unless, indeed, they receive very
considerable reinforcements."
The following details of the present state and
location of the Carlist army in Spain show that
General NARVAEZ will have soon something else to
do than to attend public dinners. It is no longer a
Carlist insurrection ; it is a civil war.
The Opinion Publique, after referring to the death
of General ALZAA, who was treacherously drawn
into a snare by URBISTONDO, and shot in violation of
a pledge, proceeds to state the forces of the Carlists
on the faith of its Bayonne correspondent. Navarre
is, according to this paper, up to a man. ITURBE is
at Viana with 16,000 men ; ZARIATEGUY, brother of
the General, is in the Carraseel with 300 ; Colonel
ZABALETA is in the same country near Pampeluna,
with a similar number. These two chiefs are wait-

ng for the QUEEN'S General VILLALONGA, who has
sailed from Pampeluna in the direction of Sangueza.
Generals ZUBIRI and SOTO occupy the Aldules and
Burguete, to protect the entry of arms, ammunition,
and emigrants. General RAPALDA, at the head of
1,500 men, is in the Barranca (Borunda), escorting
General Erao, who is actively organizing the insur-
gent army. They have already formed custom-lines,
and blockaded fortified points. Most of the
Carlist officers who bad profited by the amnesty have
joined their colours. The secretary of Emo, M.
ABINANO, was arrested at Pampeluna; but the brother
of the General made his escape, joined by all the
young men of the town. At Manzanares, New Cas-
tille, a guerilla body has already appeared. Upper
and Lower Arragon have pronounced.
That the Orleanist faction, which at present ty-
rannizes over Spain, can by its own unaided strength
conquer such a formidable array of force as the
Carlists will soon bring into the field, seems impos-
sible. The success of the Christinos in the former war
was owing entirely to the Progresistas, who will now
stand neutral, or if they aid either party, will aid
the Montemolinists, inasmuch as the Count of
MONTEMOLIN, who is a man of honour and a true
Spaniard, having promised a free constitution, while
the QUEEN has been forced by the Orleanist party,
who kept her a prisoner, to violate the Constitution
and to permit her Ministers to rule despotically ;
the cause of the Count DE MONTEMOLIN has now
become the cause of constitutional liberty.
SALAMANCA is at Bayonne.
The average price of wheat throughout Spain for
the last month was 41 reals per fanega, equal to 43s
per quarter. The highest price was at Gerona,
where the monthly average was twenty-four reals per
fanega. Rice averaged 31 reals for the arroba of 25
pounds weight for the whole country ; the highest
monthly average being 48 reals at Leon, and the
lowest '23 reals at Valencia.
MADRID, BOLSA, JULY B.—The Three per Cents.
were 20j buyers, sellers ; Five per Cents. were
done at 12; cash ; Passive Debt, 41 buyers,
sellers ; Coupons, 8 sellers ; Bank Shares, 65
buyers, 70 sellers ; Discount on Notes, 8 per cent.
The dividend due on the Three per Cents. was in the
course of payment, but it will be an affair of weeks
and months, according to the system now in ope-
te I ration.

THE FRENCH REPUBLIC.

We have received the Paris papers of yesterday.

It was rumoured that the Government had received
information that the defeated insurgents intended to
make another attempt to establish the regime of plun-
der on the anniversary of taking of the Bastille, this
day. Several anonymous letters have been sent to
M. DUPONT DE L'EURE, revealing the projects of the
conspirators. According to these letters, the inten-
tion is to set fire at once to the house occupied by
General CAVAIGNAC, and to the residences of the
Minister of War and the Commander-in-Chief of the
Garde Mobile, and thus to create confusion and alarm
in the richest quarters of Paris.
The Constitutionnel thus alludes to the designs of
the disaffected :

in
"The firm and resolute tone assumed by M. SLard
the name of the Government, in presenting the Bills
relative to the clubs and the press, has produced a re-
turn of confidence, and caused a rise in quotations at
the Bourse. There are at this moment in presence
two conflicting influences, which act by turns on the
public mind, and animate and weaken the hopes of the
public. Whilst the Assembly and the Government
seek to secure order and restore labour, by the re-es-
tablishment of confidence, and the restoration of activity
to trade, agitators are busily engaged, either by vile
attempts, or by crimes, to keep up a perpetual state of
anxiety in Paris, in order to increase the misery of the
working classes, and give a fresh impetus to disorder. It
is this party of agitators that we designate the famine
and misery party. They base their odious calculations
on the duration and excess of public misfortune. Re-
newed prosperity would condemn them to powerlessness.
" There is, therefore, no design too monstrous to be
taken hold of by these sanguinary agitators. At one
time they organize assassination on a large scale. Not
content with firing at the corner of every street on the
armed force who may be moving about singly, they pro.
pose, it is said, to visit the residences of the representa-
tives and murder them in their houses. At another time
the question of incendiarism and infernal machines is in
contemplation. Quarries, sewers, and mines, dug for
the purpose, are to be filled with powder, so thatrarni,
surprised and alarmed by numerous explosions in dif-
ferent parts at the same time, may more easily fall into
the power of those factious robbers.
"At another time a still more execrable crime is
agitated by them. A razzia has been in contemplation
on all the boarding schools and convents, from which all
the inmates are to be taken and retained as hostages
until the release of all the prisoners in confinement has
been ordered, with any other financial or political capi-
tulation which may be imposed by the actors of this in-
fernal scheme.
" To denounce these frightful schemes is to say that
the authorities are warned of them ; that the schools
are the object of a 'Articular and special surveillance,
and that an attempt at any of those monstrous measures
will only cause redoubled vigilance.
" The more the conspiracy was abominable, the more
disgust
and horror was inspired in the minds of those
whom it is wished to gala over as participators in it,
continued sltta t
w e
was
of
tuneasiness
o form
a
and the more the number of agitators become reduced.
A less. violent plan was, therefore, talked of to keep the
ando
lomperpetuatethirty thousand to forty thousand persons if possible,
and to march to the National Assembly, and then de-
ethaepltalin
existing a
miser.
de-
mand food, or to be shot—that was to be the watchword.
6, The answer has been already given—it consists in
the assistance which. the state distributes to the old
workmen of them Ateliers Natzonaux through the medium
of the mayors ; the funds voted. every day to give a
fresh impetus to labour ; in the incessant exertions of
the Assembly and of the Government to restore credit,
and, as a matter of course, commerce.

" The answer to be given to these 30,000 petitioners
may well be You, yourselves, by lending yourselves
as you have done to the manoeuvres of the enemies of
society and of the Republic, destroy the public for-
tune on which you wish to live; you destroy the
sources of labour, the very object of your desires; you
make yourselves the accomplices of the Famine and
Misery Party, who build their hopes on the excesses of

your sufferings.
" The efforts of good citizens, the firmness of the As-
sembly and of the Government—the inflexible resolution
which they will show in the maintenance of order, will
repress and diicourage all those detestable ideas. Con-
fidence will return in spite of the efforts of those who
wish to destroy it. The discovery of the desperate
schemes of bad citizens will still more contribute^ to for-
..

tify the hope of honest ones. Such a state of things
imposes more than ever on the Executive Power the
necessity of energy, and on the police devotedness and

capacity."
The Reforme denies altogether the existence of any
conspiracy against the cause of order, and the .Mes-

sager says—
"The alarmists continue to instil apprehensions for
the 14th of July, and some of the vanquished, in a spirit
of impudent defiance, which is really an attack upon
order, go about repeating that all is not finished, that the
beginning only has been seen, Rte. We cannot declare
too strongly that no new eff.rt of bad passion is to be
made at this moment. We will add, that even if it were
not physically impossible for sedition again to raise its
head, the force assembled in Paris, and the measures
taken for the maintenance of order, would make of a
combat, if it should be attempted, only an occasion for
an exemplary and final chastisement."
It is satisfactory, however, to know that General CA-
VAIGNAC has adopted every measure of precaution

against surprise, and that even should an outbreak be
attempted, the insurgents have not the least chance
of succeeding in their criminal designs.
General CHANGARNIER, Commander-in-Chief of the
National Guards, has bad conferences with the dif-
ferent colonels, to whom he has communicated his
plans of defence.
Several houses in the neighbourhood of the Made-
leine have been searched, and 300 muskets and large
quantities of ammunition have been seized.
The horrible system of private assassinations still
continues. The Patrie says—
"On Tuesday a Garde Mobile was stabbed in the
breast on the Place de l'Hotel de Ville. The assassin,
who was immediately arrested, said that, as the insur-
rection was soon to recommence, and as he could not
take part in it, he wished to pay his debt beforehand.
The wretch was immediately taken to the Prefecture of
Police."

General JORRY and MM. TOWIANSKI and FERDI-
NAND GUTT, the two latter Polish emigrants, have
been arrested, as have several Russians, accused of
being implicated in the late insurrection. TOWIAN-
SEI is one of the apostles of Pansclavism.
The trials of the insurgents commence on Thurs-
day before four Military Commissions, appointed by
General CAVAIGNAC.

The attempt to enforce the decree of the Assembly
reimposing the octroi duties in Paris has_occasioned
some serious collisions at the barriers.

The Provisional Commission appointed to supply
the place of the late Municipal Council of Paris, and
the Council General of the Department of the Seine,
assembled at the Hotel de Ville for the first time on
Tuesday afternoon last, at eight o'clock. M. ARMAND
MARIUS; the Mayor of Paris, gave a melancholy
account of the financial position of that city. Its re-
venue has declined 50 per cent. since the revolution.
The treasury of the city was possessed on the 24th of
February of 17,500,000 f. (700,0001.), after having
paid 9,000,000 f. (360,0001.) for bread distributed
to the indigent during the year 1847. Of
these 17,500,000 f. the city possesses at present but
4,000,000 f. (160,0001.) to pay all its expenses until
the 20th of August. The Mayor of Paris suggested
to the Municipal Council the necessity for immedi-
ately reimposing the entrance-duty on butchers'
meat, which was removed by the Provisional Go-
vernment, and which deprived the city of a revenue
of 6,000,000 f. (240,0001.) The Mayor proposed,
moreover, to establish two great markets in Paris
for the sale of cattle unsold at the markets of Sceaux
and Poissy. Those markets would constitute a
competition with the licensed butchers, and thus
prevent a rise in the price of butchers' meat. He
likewise proposed to negotiate a loan of 25,000,000
francs (1,000,0001.), for which permission was
granted by the late Chamber of Deputies. The
Municipal Commission assented to all M. MARRAST'S
propositions. It subsequently appointed M. FRAN-
cois ARAGO, President; MM. TuIERRY and Du-
VERGIER, Vice-Presidents; and MM. LANQUETIN
and HoaAcE SAT, Secretaries. A Committee was
also appointed, composed of MM. DELESTRE, OUTIN,
MORTIMER, TERNAUX, FRAUSSARD, GALIS, DUPE.
RIER, and GUINARD to devise the best mode of im-
proving the financial condition of the city of Paris.
A telegraphic dispatch has been received, an-
nouncing the recognition of the French Republic by
the PorE.
We find the following in the Bien Public, on the
subject of M. DE LAMARTINE'S speech on the affairs
of Italy :
" We do not publish the speech delivered in the Com-
mittee on foreign affairs. That speech touches on deli-
cate questions, on which it would be dangerous to throw
light and publicity. Besides this, we know that M. de
Lamartine did not speak for applause. He has proved,
in a sufficiently striking manner, his disdain for popu-
larity in sacrificing so generally his own for the safety
of the Republic. He only wishes to serve his country,
and he has no occasion for the glories of the tribune and
the press to encourage his patriotism."
General OUDINOT strongly urges immediate inter-
vention in the affairs of Italy.
The following article on the affairs of Ireland ap-
pears in the Univers, the organ of the Jesuits, which,
during the lifetime of O'CONNELL, supported the
Repeal Association :
" The Government seems resolved upon dealing se-
verely with the anarchical party. After the departure
of Mr. Mitchel, Young Ireland gained an organ in the
Tribune. The Felon replaced the United Irishman, and
the Nation continued its warlike propagandism, preach-
ing that Ireland could only be freed by civil war. The
proprietors or editors of these journals are arrested, and
are about to be prosecuted. Severe measures are to be
taken against the clubs, several leading members of
which are to be put on their trial. These repressive
measures are necessary for the security of the country.
The resolution of the Repeal Association, repelling all
connexion with men whose ambition shrunk not before
the effusion of blood or the ruin of their country, was
very well timed. The energy of power can alone reserve
Ireland from the evil da3s that evil passions were pre-
paring for her."
There was yesterday a meeting of ouvriers in the
Faubourg du Roule, and near the Barri6re des Mon-
ceaux, close to the late Ateliers Nationaux. In some
instances they formed processions with flags, &c.
The Committee of Labour has approved of M.
LATRADI'S proposition to give the preference to asso-
ciations of workmen in the great undertakings of the
State. . Such associations are not to be required to
furnish any caution money, but one-tenth of the price
of the adjudication is to be kept back until the com-
pletion of the works. If, after a delay of twenty
days, no association of workmen presents itself' to
tender for any work, the adjudication will be pro•
ceeded to in the usual way in ten days after.
A promotion has taken place in the French army.
The following nominations are given :
Generals of Division—Generals of Brigade Charron,
Hecquet, Guillabert.
Generals of Brigade Colonels Cuny, Courtigis,
Creny.
Colonels of the Staff—MM. Foltz, Sercey, Chobord,
Lheureux, Martimprey, Guyon, Mangou-Delalande.
Lieut.. Colonels of the Staff— MM. Peytiers, Bra-
quebaye, Lafonge, Rouvray, Courtois-d'Hurbal, Tanlay.
Chefs d'Escadron of the Staff—MM. Allard, De-
vienee, Clerget. Tribert, Rocher Loverdo, Lebrun,
Saget, Lebris, Senneville.
Admiral BRUAT has just been nominated Mari-
time Prefect at Toulon, and is to set out at once for
his post.
Colonel PELISSLER has been nominated Consul for
France at Malta.
The National Assembly met yesterday at two
o'clock.
The President stated that the funeral of General Du-
vivier had taken place that morning, and that the grand
deputation of the Assembly had attended, as well as a
number of other Members. The mortal remains of the
deceased general had been deposited in the vaults of the
Invalides, and M. Marie, the President, had spoken
words of touching eloquence on the patriotism and devo-
tedness of he who was gone and whom all lamented.
"It is unnecessary to say," added M. . Lacrosse, " that
this feeling of regret was unanimous in the mind of every
one present."—(Hear, hear.)
A number of applications were read from Members of
the Assembly for a few days' leave of absence, on the
ground of ill-health. Amongst the gentlemen obliged to
thus take a short repose was M. Bethmont, Minister of
Justice.
So few Members were present at this time, that a cry
arose for the appel nominal, but several arriving at the
moment from the Salle des Conferences the matter was
not insisted on.
The order of the day was the discussion on the Bill to
exempt for a certain number of years such houses the
construction of which shall be commenced before Jan. 1,
1849 :
Art. 1. Declares that all buildings which, at the pe-

riod just mentioned, have at least reached the level of
the ground, shall be exempted for ten years from
taxation.

After some discussion, the date of July 1, 1850, was
fixeo on as the period before which the buildings should
be commenced.

(Left sitting.)
BOURSE.—PAnis, JULY 13.

THREE o'CLocx.—The business done at the Bourse
since the Revolution of July is so limited, that any
small transactions have a powerful effect either
in raising or depressing the funds. To-day the
rumours of conspiracies and intended insurrec-
tions afloat alarmed the timid, and the funds have
gone down ; to-morrow, it will be found that the
rumours were incorrect, and they will probably go
up again. The same thing has happened twice already
this week. For the Account, the French Three per
Cents. have fallen 1 . 50c.; Five per Cents. have also
fallen If. 50c. For Money, the Three per Cents. have
gone down If.; and the Five per Cents. If. 50c.; Bons
du Tr6sor are at 16 discount; Bank of France Shares
have fallen 25f.; Belgian Bank Shares not quoted; Bel-
gian Five per Cents. have risen per cent.; Spanish Ac-
tive not quoted; Roman have risen If.; Rothschild's
Receipts, which were not quoted yesterday, are at 73f.
Exchange on London (30 days), 25'. 50c.; ditto (90
days), 25f. 30c. Railway Shares for cash:—Orleans
have fallen 20f.; Havres, 5f.; Northerns, 51.; Rouens
are the same as yesterday. The others have also fallen
but only to a trifling amount.
BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK-EXCHANGE. JULY 13.

Boulogne and Amiens, 7 14—llutch Rhenish, 1/—Namur
and Liege, 3—Northern of France, 6%—Paris and Lyons,
4%—Sambre and Meuse,

GERMANY

AND

THE NORTHERN STATES.

portunity of greeting you, the honoured representatives
Of the people, I will state some facts in reference to my
journey which will greatly tend to quiet you respecting
our reception and the audience which we had of his Ma-
jesty and the Archdukes. 111. Z•grorick has already
given you information—it, therefore, only remains for
me to state some particulars respecting my meeting with
the Archduke John. After having parted from him at
Inspruck I received the first intelligence of the odious
manifesto in Linz, whereupon I hastened after the Arch-
duke John, in order to obtain from him, as the mediator
appointed by his Majesty, the requisite measures for
averting the consequences of this manifesto, which would
compromise our whole nation. his Imperial Highness
immediately granted this, end likewise dispatched a
courier to Pesth, in order to prevent the Hungarian Mi-
nistry from taking any further proceedings against us,
and of preventing the decision of the Croatian• Sclavonic
question. _ _ _

" With regard to the nomination of the illustrious me-
diator between us and the Hungarians, I believe, gentle-
men, that since fate has decreed we must have a mediator,
it would be impossible to find a more suitable one than
the Archduke John. I doubt not, gentlemen, that 3ou
are of the same opinion, conseqaently, I consider that
we ought not to lose any time, and, since his Majesty
desires reconciliation with the Hungarians, that we
should forthwith communicate with his Imperial High-
ness the Archduke John, and accurately defining the
justice and the urgent necsssity of all the steps which we
have taken, request him immediately to commence his
task, in order that we may the sooner understand our
position,

Every moment is precious, but at the same time I
must state that since we have recognised the wants of
the German nation, the mediation of the Archduke John
must of necessity be extended to these also.
" With regard to the mode of making the representa-
tion, and other proposals connected with it, I consider it
most advisable to refer the same to the great committee,
with a notification that they are to commence the same
without delay. It now remains for you, gentlemen, to
state whether you agree with these my proposals."
After a lengthened discussion it aas resolved to draw
up a preliminary statement to the Archduke John, in
which especially the rescinding of the manifesto, the
legality of the Diet, the granting the requirements of
the Croatians und the Servians, the non-persecution of
the Servians and other Sclavonians residing in Hungary,
the dependence of the military upon the Central Mi-
nistry in Vienna, and the abeyance of every obtacle to
the union of the Dalmatians with the Croats should be
specified. Further, the committee was charged with
drawing up the sketch of the pacification, in reference to
the position of the Servian waywodes as opposed to the
kingdom. It was also resolved to delegate to the Bann,
in regard to the urgent requirements of the times, un-
limited power in the affairs of the Government and the
settlement of the question of pacification; and, lastly,
the Diet shall not be dissolved till the sketch of the pa-
cification of the committee shall have been discussed,
and the redress of the grievances for the boundary and
the rest of the nation shall have been determined upon.
Prussian State Gazette, July 11.