The Sun.
London, England, 1846-02-03 00:00:00

TOE SUN. LON DON, TUESDA EVENING,_ FEBRUARY 8, 1846.

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SECOND EDITION.

FRENCH, Mr. Ross, Sir I.lENny WINSTON BARRON, and
Mr. GREGORY, all of whom expressed their approval of
the measure proposed by the Government, leave was
given to bring in the Bill.
Sir JAMES GRAHAM laid upon the table, certain re-
turns relating to local taxation.
.1, The Sea Fisheries (Ireland) Bill was read a second
time, and the House adjourned.

The statements made by Mr. SIDNEY HERBERT, last
evening, respecting the militia are of a satisfactory cha-
racter. It appears that there is no intention on the part
of the Government at present to embody that force, and

whether it would be called out even for training would
depend on circumstances. The Secretary-at-War made
an additional remark. which contrasts favourably with
the stern policy adopted under Gld Tory Governments,
when the people were merely regarded as instruments
fitted for the use of the aristocracy—treated as
" hewers of wood and drawers of water," and made to

serve as soldiers and sailors to carry on wars often un-
dertaken for the profits of a particular class, or for the
di vine rights of kings. "He was anxious," he said, "to take
the opportunity of stating that he trusted the public would
not proceed to put themselves to further inconvenience
or expense until they had seen the nature of the measure
which he proposed to bring forward, and by which he
trusted a much less onerous and disagreeable method of
raising the militia would be established. He trusted,
therefore, that all preparations on the subject would be
delayed until the Bill was cn the table." Humane and
considerate language like this has the boat effect upon
the people, and would incline them to submit with
patience to measures which otherwise they might be dis-
posed to view with the greatest hostility. If the English

are only treated like rational beings—if a reason is given
for any step undertaken by Government sufficient to
convince them that it is necessary, no people are more
willing to obey, or more anxious to aid the Executive.
They rebel only when they are ground down by oppres-
sion, when the higher classes make laws for them-
selves, forgetting the people, and when those
best able to pay are exempted from taxes
and municipal services, to which the middle
and lower classes are chiefly subject. When this ques-
tion, therefore, comes before Parliament, nothing can
be more easy than for the Government to place it in
such a light as to secure general approbation. A large
standing army has always been viewed in this country
with great jealousy, because it is an instrument of the
most dangerous description in the hand of a despot,
restrains the legitimate manifestations of public opinion,
and may for a time subvert the best principles of the
Constitution. If the citizens are armed, and if men who
have it real interest in the institutions of the country are
accustomed to training and the use of arms, they form
the best of all safeguards for the liberty of the
subject. The military force at present is barely
sufficient for garrisoning our numerous colonies,
maintaining the power of England in her ex-
tensive and valuable Indian possessions, and pre-
venting any mad outbreak between Orangemen and
Catholics in Ireland. In Great Britain there are few
troops, and happily for the people as well as the
Government only few are wanted, but we have powerful
neighbours on the other side of the Channel, restless in
their dispositions, many of them dissatisfied with the ex-
isting state of things, little attached to the present
dynasty, and anxious for another, and what they vainly
conceive, a final contest with England. In France
there are, independent of a standing army of 400,000
men, a million of armed citizens, willing and able to
defend their country on any sudden emergency. Our
relations with the United States are in the most
complicated and critical position, and no man
can tell how soon reinforcements of troops
may be required for Canada and for other colonial
settlements ! Some additions, it appears, are to be
made to the regular army in anticipation of unfortunate
results, but these are only trifling, and would not be
more than sufficient to supply any imperative and sud-
den demands. In such a case the country would be
left to the protection of unarmed citizens, totally un-
acquainted with the merest rudiments of war. They
could not repel an armed force of twenty thousand
regular troops, but, after great loss of property and
life, and numerous disasters ; and incalculable sacri-
fices must be made, which might have been easily spared
by a little precaution, and the usual means of self-
defence adopted in all other countries. The KING of
the FRENCH has, by his wonderful skill and firmness,
hitherto preserved peace, but his life is uncertain ; he is
above seventy years of age, and should he be carried
off at such a crisis as a war between _ingland and the
United States, it would require more authority than his
successor may possess to prevent the French from join-
ing with the Americans against England. Even under
the powerful government of Loins PHILIPPE a display has
just bet n made, which shows what materials there are in
France for such a change. M. BERRYER, by no means the
most violent of his party, made a long, and we may
justly call it a hostile, speech against England, urging
France, in case of a war, whether right or wrong, to
take part with the Americans, and in a House consisting
of 390 Members, he was supported by no fewer than 156!
The following brief extract from M. BERRYER'S speech
may be useful at the present moment, as it leaves no
doubt of the policy adopted by M. THIERS and his
party :
' "

" Do you suppose that England will engage in a contest ?
No. The past has given her in this respect two severe
lessons. For thirty years, whether after military mishaps,
or in consequence of negotiations, they have always yielded
to the United States. All the questions between the two
powers have been decided in favour of this latter power. In
1816, the English troops were attacked at New Orleans by
Jackson, and success did not declare for England, and the treaty
which had been previously agreed to was at once ratified. In
1811, the question of Oregon was agitated; the principle of
occupation in common was agreed to, and at the same time
the English yielded up Astoria to the Americans; that is,
they restored the mouth of the Oregon, which they had
seized on during the war. The question of the boundary of
Canada arose and was regulated in the same way. Then
came the question of the independence of the national flag,
and of the rights that ought to protect it ; and here again
England yielded. Texas then occup:ed the attention of the
English Government; and on this also England yielded. At
present the Americans insist on their view of the Oregon
question being adopted; England will again give way.
There will be no arbitration ; negotiations will be resumed;
England, I feel convinced, will again yield. Why, do not we
also know how to resist? Resist! That would be sufficient
to fling back on England the language which, five years
back, Lord Palmerston used with respect to us."

Although Ireland requires an immediate alleviation of
its distresses, and a prompt legislative interposition to sue.'
tain its inhabitants amidst the pangs and privations
which are rapidly becoming more and more intolerable,
a great and indubitable necessity exists for some far-
seeing and prospective policy being adopted in its behalf.
Four millions of the human race are threatened with
penury the most dire and helplessness the most complete.
Granted that the present is not an ordinary calamity—
granted that it originated in a casualty of vegetation
that could not be foreseen—granted that pro-
visions in the abstract are attainable to the multi-
tude in our sister island—granted all this
and possibly more, yet we maintain the Irish people are
not as prosperous as they might be with adroit manage-
ment ; that to them the luxuries of life are utterly un-
known, the comforts of life unattainable, the conve-
niences of life but seldom permanent, and the necessi-
ties of life doled out with a stinting and grudging hand.
We maintain, moreover, that with the existence of these
woes and sorrows, there is a co-existence also of sources
for their relief, and ultimately fur their extirpation—
wealth untouched, mines unworked, antidotes unculled,
and that, too, in the natural circumstances of the coun-
try itself. Cheek-by-jowl with the hovels of indigence
in that strange land there is a latent but certain
means of turning that indigence to profusion. We
do not wish to be epigrammatic—we do not wish to give
a dramatic turn to our periods—we may seem to gloze
a few unsound assumptions over with the bloom of
metaphors and the meretricious decorations of language;
but our sentiments are facts, our epithets are truths,
and our sentences are all animated with earnestness. In
Ireland, therefore, we persist, that poverty is general
and bitter—and we persist also that in Ireland there are
resources for her; own self-amelioration, if the Execte
tive authority will only excavate channels whereby that
hidden assistance may flow forth, and, as it were,
irrigate with comfort all quarters of the island. Yester-
day one among the principal of these buried succours
was broached in the Lower House by Sir TuoMAa
FREMANTLE—that lion. Gentleman having moved for
leave to bring in a Bill "to afford encouragement in the
construction of small piers and harbours calculated to
extend the fisheries in Ireland." A more excellent pro-
position could scarcely have been conceived, or one more
calculated to afford immediate and enduring labour to
the unemployed. From the remarkable number of bogs
and estuaries with which the Irish coast is indented
Sir T. FREMANTLE argued the excellent opening there
was for an undertaking of this description ; while, from
the smallness of the amount of landing-places, he
le re:
add ue
erthet
suitable
ef;a c
bilyipti necessityeedsresiv noi
nct
nseougaf
suitable
sasiibtonsl,geo
otpahuldeal oicpreotsif o; n.
nets
tbhyae
and curing
nationalrudr con-
ing
iinngg
maintained
hht raeeui
incrfittspil
money in instalments of 10,0001. annually for the next
five years, which mcney should be appropriated to the
purposes already enumerated; by preserving the piers
in proper repair with the amount of rent obtained
fro:n the fishermen's cottages and the local tolls which
would be levied, Sir THOMAS FREMANTLE proposed to
establish the Irish fisheries upon such a footing of se-
curity, that the progress of time would only tend to their

greater development anti greater prosperity. With cer-
tain minor modifications, and possibly an extension of
the proposed grant, the Bill is excellently planned and
excellently well-timed. When we reflect that iipon all
the coasts of Ireland there are myriads of fish swarming
in the waters ; when we reflect that a provision of sus-
tenance so bountifully offered by GOD to his people
is permitted, so to speak, to accumulate in the ocean
unnoticed, while the people—men, women and children,
young and old, the robust and the ailing—are habitually
supported by a meagre diet of vegetables; when we re-
flect upon these facts, we must be ready to confess the
requisite nature of a proposition like that made by Sir
T. FREMANTLE. Whatever quantity of fish is consumed
at present in that country is actually imported from
Scotland, while Ireland herself, if carefully conducted,
would furnish not only sufficient for home, but a consi-
derable surplus for foreign consumption. These matters
demand the most serious consideration, and every praise
is due to Sir THOMAS FREMANTLE for having brought
them before Parliament, more especially at this particu-
lar juncture. By a timely interference, nod a proper
arrangement, the diseased potatoes will give place to an
abundant and wholesome supply of provisions, which
thousands at this moment regard as delicacies. •

Even the gentlemen who advocate a persistence in
the present agricultural arrangements must now ac-
knowledge to themselves that their principles are be-
coming obsolete. Under their very feet the ground is
crumbling away with terrible velocity : the frozen
quagmire, upon which they have so long mustered their
triumphant force, is thawing fast ; and, according to
the witty commentator upon SHAKSPERE, the question
of monopoly is " dissolving itself into—adieu l" Al-
ready we have had the satisfaction of particularising
some among the numerous failures of those chivalrous
individuals who, under the cognomen of " Protection So-
cieties," have attempted to excite in their favour the
enthusiasm of all tenant-farmers in the provinces. And
each post only serves to confirm our previous conjec-
ture that those unfortunate adventurers would dwindle
to less than insignificance. Their endeavours are merely
like those of children who scatter peas and thimbles be-
fore the wheels of artillery waggons in expectation of
obstructing their onward progress, little calculating
that the ponderous cavalcade would not be retarded by
obstacles of infinitely greater magnitude and importance.
In the meeting of these corn-law champions, held on
Saturday at a tavern in Hastings, with Sir CHARLES
LAMB, as chairman, and Mr. FREWIN, a would-be mem-
ber, as first spokesman, the frivolous character of the
proceedings was most miserably conspicuous. Some-
where about seventy supporters of the protection system,
clustered together upon the platform, proposed reso-
lutions, seconded resolutions, and passed resolutions,
with the most business-like sobriety, while the remainder
of a tol, rably large assembly (fervent upholders of the
League policy) stood quietly in the body of the apart-
ment, listening with the most contemptuous apathy and
the most imperturbable gravity. These monotonous and
ridiculous externals of opposition continued, according
to our authority, for some time, without any in-
terruption, until the audience at last extinguished
the formalities with a premature wet blanket, by de-
manding three cheers for " free trade," the reverbera-
tion of which evidently disarranged the digestion of the
occupants of the platform, and finally scared them to the
seclusion of their several homes. In good sooth, a more
sorry display of their influence could scarcely have been
patched up by any other of the mongrel protection
societies scattered throughout the country. Sober expe-
rience, at the least, would arrive without hesitation at
this conclusion, and yet sober experience would be meat
singularly mistaken ; for a yet more sorry exhibition
of a similar nature was made yesterday at Hereford,
where a conclave of the local agriculturists had been
announced some days previously, under the presidency
of the Right Hon. Earl SOMERS. Well, at the precon-
certed rendezvous, " Yesterday" arrived almost in soli-
tude, some three or four gaping landlords having saun-
tered into the room, and then sauntered out again, after
the venerable example of the "King of Spain" and his
"forty thousand men ;" and thus terminated the pro
mised spectacle of protection strength, a most unmis-
takeable, and, verily, a most pitiable failure.
After such occurrences the establishment of New
Bond-street had better put up its shutters, and his
Grace the Duke of RICHMOND had better reserve his
rhetoric for something less like an impossibility. Every
careful spectator of events must perceive that the
Premier and the Member for the City of London are not
the only converts to free-trade principles; and the, the
tenant-farmers, themselves, by their recent behaviour,
give those principles their tacit acquiescence. The pit
is dug, the boughs and the leaves are spread over it,
and the monster " Monopoly " comes blundering forward
to be most inevitably engulphed therein, and entombed,
and forgotten.

A correspondent, whose letter appears in another
column, calls the attention of the Government to a vet.)
important subject, viz., the propriety of reducing, or
altogether removing, the heavy duty at present payable
on insurances against fire. This tax is as unjustifiable
a mode of raising money for tha purposes of revenue as
the lottery itself. The lottery was a great encourage.
ment to imprudence—the tax on insurances is " a heavy
blow and a great discouragement" to prudence; besides,
it is as impolitic as it is unjust. Many persons at tl e
present moment insure in Holland in order to avoid
paying the duty here, and thus the English insurance
offices are deprived of those advantages to which they
are justly entitled. It is now two years since
Sir R. PEEL reduced the duties on marine insurances,
alleging as his reason that the heavy duty had driven
away the greater part of the marine insurance business
from this country. In consequence of that reduction,
the marine insurance business has, in a great measure,
returned. The fire insurance business is now rapidly
leaving us from the same cause. Let Sir :ZOBERT PEEL
follow his o wu precedent, and, emboldened by the success
of his previous step in the right direction, remove, or, at
all events, greatly reduce the duty now levied on fire
insurances.

Madrid journals of the 26th ult. announce that Mi-
nisters had at length made specific declarations respect-
ing the QUEEN'S marriage with the Count DE TRAPANI
At the sitting of the Chamber of Deputies on that day a
large crowd had assembled, it being understood that the
affair would be brought before the House ; and after
the usual preliminary business had been dispatched,
Senor MoN, the Finance Minister, rose, and adverting
to reports of a disagreement in the Cabinet, said the
reports were entirely unfounded, as there had been
nothing contrary to perfect unanimity among Ministers
on Government questions. He made no mention of the
marriage, but General NAnvAEz immediately rose
and satisfied public curiosity. He declared that public
rumour, and the assertion of the press, made it iml e-
rative on him to offer a solemn declaration respecting her
MAJESTY'S marriage. Nothing had taken place on till-
subject in the Council of Ministers, and her MAJESTY
had not yet thought of choosing a husband. The Go-
vernment will never consent to the exclusion of an)
Prince, among the allies of Spain, whatever may be
the friendship—whatever the relationship—whether be-
longing to Europe or even to Africa l " For this
reason," said the President of the Council, "we have
ever objected, and will always reject, whatever ma)
tend to restrict the liberty of her MAJESTY, the prero-
gatives of the Crown, and the rights of the Govern-
ment. But we declare that whenever this matter shall
be brought before the Council of Ministers, it shall be
communicated to Congress, and that not incompletely,
surreptitiously, or darkly, but in the light of
day, openly, and in such a manner as that the
Chambers may take cognizance of it, and
cuss it. The Government will do this, although
there may be no positive article of the Constitution re-
quiring it ; and though her MAJESTY may be so free to
select a husband, that no necessity may exist for a com.
munication of her choice to the Cortes or to the nation.
Further—in the event of Parliament not being in ses-
sion at the moment when such an event shall be con-
templated, the Government will call the Chambers
together, in order to make them acquainted with so im-
portant a subject. It suffices that the counsellors of
the Crown advised and defended the article of the Con-
stitution relative to this matter, to induce them not to
avail themselves of such an advantage. If I refer to the
page of my services in proof of my unswerving loyalty,
and if that be also insufficient, I will appeal to history,
and trust that posterity will do me the justice denied to
me by my contemporaries." This speech was followed
by general and loud applause. The result had a fa-
vourable effect on the Funds.
The Three per Cents. closed at 334, and the Five per
Cents. at 231,.-, both at 60 days.

The debate in the French Chamber of Deputies on
M. BERRYER'S amendment relative to a war between
England and America was wrought to a close on Satur-
day evening after an able speech, in reply, from M,
Tyr,— CtiCa-, division the numbers were:—
For the anaentment ...................
Against it ..............................
Majority for Ministers ............
The remarks of M. GuazoT displayed common sense
and sound argument, qualities very often wofully defi-
cient in the speeches of his violent opponents.
He declared that the amendment referred to a
contingency, or hypothesis, and that the hypothesis

... 156
... 234

-78

was improbable, even according to the showing

of M. BERILYEBz There was no occasion for France to
make any manifesto on the law of nations. France, as

he had stated at the'beginning of the session, would re-
main neutral, and no one could believe, should unfortu-

nately a coflict take place, that France would abandon
her maxims on the freedom of the ocean and the law of
neutrality. On these points the Government would
never change its policj. " His reasons," he added,
" for proclaiming beforehand the neutrality of France
were twofold. The first was, that he thought that if a

war broke out, Ythe policy of neutrality would be
more difficult to establish in the midst of the ex-

cited feelings which might have been raiscd.
Ho had acted beforehand, in order to be sure
of.his fact. His second reason was still more serious ;

Lt was, that a declaration of neutrality thus made befo, e-

hand was a means of preserving peace—a means Of
weighing on the deliberations of the two people. There
wero people in both countries who endeavoured to keep
up illusions with regard to France. For instance, he
knew there were some who say to the United States,
•` What do you fcar ? Let the war once break out,
France will range hciself on your side." Ile was very
certain there were some who used such language as that;
and there wi re also oth(rs who said to Ergland, "Do

not be uneasy, France is weak, and complaisant to aid
you; when war breaks out she sill unite herself to you."
He was anxious beforehand to give a contradiction to
these two statements. lie wished to say that France

would neither take part with Englund or with the United
States. He was sure that this declaration would ha'e a
weight in the balance, particularly to the United States ;
and the reason was this—England wished to preserve
peace, and she would make every possible concession.
There was therefore no occasion for anything to weigh
with that power; but it was not the same with America.
There was in that country a very powerful party who
wished fur war, and another in favour of peace ; and he
was anxious that the declaration of neutrality he had
made should give strength to the peace party in Ame-
rica. Such were the motives of their system of neu-

trality, and such were the reasons why he had thus ex-
pressed them beforehand. This policy of neutrality
had its conditions, and it was necessary that the Go-
vernment which proclaimed it should be really neutral
beforehand. "Be certain," said the fhn. Minister, in
conclusion, " that an attempt will be made to draw from
you some expression which will deviate from strict neu-
trality. Beware, therefore. Do not allow yourselves to
be led astray. Convinced as I am that neutrality is
most advisable for the interests of France, I conjure the
Chamber not to be induced to consent to any act which
may compromise prematurely the policy of neutrality
which I recommend." These remarks were most favour-

ably received by a great majority of the Chamber. On
M. BERRYEE'S mischievous policy the Journal des Debats
makes these judicious comments :
" That any such amendment, as M. Guizot very justly ob-
served, was perfectly useless, the very words of M. Berryer
himself proved. Had he anticipated any rupture between
England and the United State% his amendment might have
been justifiable, at least in his own eyes ; but he himself
declared that he did not expect hostilities would break out ;
what was therefore the use of taking up the time of the
Chamber by proposing an amendment the utility of which
his own words contradicted ? His object was simply to in-
troduce into the Address a species of indirect protestation
against the alliance of France and England. That the alli-
ance of England should not be agreeable to M. Berryer is
natural enough. It was England which was the first among all
the European Powers that concurred in the revolution of 1830,
and in the Government which resulted from it. It is prin-
cipally by our alliance with England that the peace of the
world has been maintained since the overthrow of the Govern-
ment, which M. Berryer regrets, or ought to regret. It is the
union of the two great constitutional Powers of Europe which,
more than anything else, secures the triumph and the pro-
gress of the principles and the ideas under which M. Bet-
ryer's party has yielded. It is therefore but natural that he
should be deeply pained at perceiving the consolidation of
that alliance. The amendment. of M. Berryer, we repeat,
then, was perfectly useless, and this M. Guizot showed, as
well as 'M. Berryer himself. It is not necessary that the
French Government should make a fresh declaration of prin-
ciples which are elementary in national policy. France is
not disposed to abondon the maxims which she has sustained
in all times, and which she will yet sustain in case of need.
The French Government, however, should hasten to pro-
claim its principles of neutrality, or, in other words, its
principles of independence. She owes this to herself—she
owes it likewise to tha cause of the general peace. M. Guizot's
discourse produced a profound impression in the Chamber.
M. Berryer in vain attempted to remove the effect produced
by it, and the Chamber consecrated by a majority of 78 votes
the principles so wisely and so eloquently established by the
Minister for Foreign Affairs."
The same journal thus briefly contrasts the com-
mercial policy of Sir R. PEEL witll that unfortunately
pursued by France:—" Sir E. PEEL-reduces the duties
on all kinds of grain, while we, last year, by a con-
descendence to the producers of oleagenous grains, who
gain nothing by it, have laid an enormous duty on
sesame at the moment when it was beginning to offer to
our merchant navy, which we are anxious to encourage,
one of those bulky articles of carriage of which it is un-
happily destitute. By the same Custom-house law of
1845 we have committed the fault of laying an excessive
duty on the entry of English machinery, and that under
pretence of favouring our national industry; as if it
were not an advantage to our manufactures, par-
ticularly to the rising ones, to have machinery at a low
price. Can we wonder that our thread spinning should
be stationary?"
A consider'able fall (says the Courrier Francais) has
just taken phice at Paris in the prices of flour and
potatoes. A great deal of business was done in the
Three per Cents. on Sunday, which closed at 83f. 85c.
BUSINESS DONE IN FOREDIN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, Fee. 2.

Dijon and Mulhouse, VA—Dutch lthenish, 7% —Groat Northern
of France Constituted, 143/ —Great Indian Peninsular, %—Luxem-
bourg, 2%—Lyons and Avignon, VA—Paris and Orleans, 48y—
Paris and Strasbourg (Ganneron's), 218—Ditto (Compe de L'Est),
2IA —Rouen and Havre, 28)4.

It is not correct, as was stated in a paragraph which
we copied yesterday from a Contemporary, that Lord
Jocelyn has resigned his office. He keeps his office, but
is to resign his seat for Lynn, where he was returned by
the influence of the Duke of Portland, who disapproves
of the Ministerial measure.

Lord Arthur Lennox, also, it is now said, keeps his
place, but resigns his seat for Chichester. At this rate
half the members of the Government will be without
seats in Parliament.

EXTRAORDINARY DISPATCH.—By the great activity'and
kindness of our contemporary, The San Sir R. Peel's speech
reached us by this morning's mail, a distance from London
of about 600 miles, in fifty-six hours.—Ross. shire Advertiser.
Sin ROBERT PEEL TRANSPORT—MUTINY. This
vessel sailed from the Downs last July, having nearly 200
troops on board, and arrived at Bombay towards the latter
•nd of November. We have seen a letter from a gentle-
man on board, mentioning that there had been very
serious doings in the course of the voyage. After being
about six weeks at sea, two or three of the soldiers
were put in irons for misdemeanours. They had, how-
ever, contrived to get hold of one of the carpenter's
tools, through the agency of some of their comrades, and
were thus enabled to get free of their shackles ; these
they threw overboard, and vowed to serve their officers
in the same manner. They were immediately seized, when
murmurs broke forth among the great body of the soldiers,
And at length they rushed forward to the front of the poop,
shouting and threatening vengeance to all who resisted them.
The ship's company, along with the military officers, however,
In the first symptom of the storm, put themselves in a posi-
tion of defence by immediately securing the boarding pikes
And fire-arms. Thus equipped, the gallant tars assembled on
the poop ready for action. One soldier ascended the poop,
waving a long knife, with which lie threatened to stab the
first man that approached him. This desperado was inUne-
liately charged, and ran through the body ; he died on the
spot. The soldiers, who fortunately were unarmed, became
overawed by the determined attitude of the crew. The
more conspicuous of the revolters were then seized, and
chained down to the deck, where a chosen guard, with loaded
muskets, were placed over them. Discipline having been
thus restored, the vessel touched at the Isle of France, where
nine of the prisoners were landed, in order to be forwarded by
another vessel to Bombay, there to take their trial before a
court martial.—Caledonian Mercury.
It is reported, that only half an hour before Sir R
proccedel to the House of Commons, on Tuesday, to an-
r.ounce his plan, it comprehended the immediate abolition of
;h3 corn-laws; but, yielding with great repugnance to the
earnest entreaties of his colleagues, he consented to the re-
tention of duties-on the new scale for three years. It is also
said that, in consequence of their sentiments on free trade,
Captain the Hon. W. Gordon, and the Right Hon. 11. Corry,
the Secretary, are about to retire from the Admiralty.—
Hampshire Telegraph.
TORY ACCEPTANCE OF CORN-LAW REPEAL.-The
Nottingham Journal, a Conservative paper, has pronounced
its decision in favour of Sir Rooert Peel's measure. " Seeing
(says our contemporary) the success which has attended his
previous movements in the same direction, we draw confi-
dence from these facts; and, although the step is a bold one,
and startles us on that account as well as for its novelty, yet
we are inclined to receive it with favour ! It is quite cer-
tain, from the rapid succession of events within the last three
months, that a change in the corn-law had become almost, as
it were, inevitable ; and the only course left for choice was as
to the hands by whom the change should be effected—.
whether the alteration should be made by the incapable
Whigs, headed by Lord John Bussell—by the Cobden-Bright
faction, the deadly enemies of the landowners, and all con-
nected with them—or whether it should be brought about
by the skilful workmen who have heretofore made such
excellent work. The country, we think, has been fortu-
nate in securing the services of such experienced and pru-
dent councillors, whose previous course affords ample security
that the present measure will prove as truly wise and happy
in its results, as it is bold in its conception and daring in its
execution."

DUTY REPEALED ON CERTALN MATS. —A general order
states, that pursuant to a letter from the Ward of Trade, on
an application praying. that the duty on Dunnage mats may
be repealed, their Lordships authorise the delivery duty
free of Dunnage mats, which may net be of greater value than
10s. per hundred, as recommended by the Commissioners of
Customs. Even this partial repeal will be a great facility,
for ships have often been detained solely because of a few
trumpery mats, overlooked at first. But can the Treasury
repeal any duty legally?—Liverpool
The tide of the 27th ult. was unusually high at Havre, as
was expected. It inundated all the low parts of the town,
the two quays of Notre-Dame, the Quartier St. Francois,
and the neighbouring streets. As, however, this unusual
tide had been previously calculated on, and even mentioned
in the almanacks of the year, every precaution had been
taken, and the only inconvenience felt was the temporary
suspension of intercourse through the parts of the town
under water, and the flooding of the cellars.

MONEY and COMMERCIAL NEWS,
CITY, QUARTER TO TIIREE.
The sales of Cotton in the Liverpool market yesterday
were 7,000 bales, all to the trade. The market was steady,
but dull. Shares were better, and prices improved a little.
Want of space alone has hitherto prevented-our adverting
to the total circulation of the United Kingdom, a summary
of which is contained in the February number of the Bankers'
Misgazine
'the statement, it must be premised, includes 197 private
and 70 joint-stock banks in England and Wales, besides the
Bank of England and the whole of the Irish and Scotch
establishments. In the month ending the 3d inst. the fol-
lowiog was the circulation :-Bank of England, 20,071,330/. ;
Private Banks, 4,481,246/. ; Joint-stock Banks, 3,162,340/. ;
'Total in England, 27,714,91 CL ; Scotland, 3,336,4091.;
Ireland, 7,404,3661. ; Total for the United Kingdom,
38,455,6911., or a decrease as compared with the previous
month, to Dec. 6, of 1,817:870/. Toe following is the state
of the case as contrasted with this time last year:-The
comparison of the month ending Jan. 4, 1846, shows an in-
crease in the Bank of England circulation of 766,690!., an
increase in private banks of 53,535'., and in joint-stock banks
of 202,9064 being a total increase in England of 9 67,1311.,
while in Scotland there is an increase of 176,9591., and in
Ireland an increase also of 423,8051. Thus showing that the
month ending Jan. 3, as compared with the saire period last
year, presents an increase of 917,131/. in England, and an in-
crease of 1,514,905/. in the United Kingdom.
The private banks of issue are below their fixed issue by
527,775/., and the joint-stock banks by 307,5321., making a
total of 835,307/. It seems rrobable that, from the incon-
venience of keeping the circulation strictly to a given point.
the banks will always, even in times of pressure on the money
market, be inclined to leave a fair margin on the side of the
amount allowed by law, and hence the virtual effect of Sir
Robert Peel's Bill will be to reduce the circulation more than
was professed.
With the weekly analysis given under this head in The
Sun, a fair estimate may be made of the present state of the
currency.
The following are some of the principal sales, by Messrs.
Wickman and Co., which took place yesterday at the Hall of
Commerce :-Armagh and Portrush, 16s. 6d.-Bideford and
Tavistock, 13s. 6d.-Birmingham, Lichfield, and Manchester,
285.-Buckinghamshire, 475.-Cornwall and Central Devon,
355.-Derby, Uttoxeter, and Stafford, 30s. 6d.-Derbyshire,
Staffordshire, and Worcester Junction, 18s.-East Coast,
255.- East Lincolnshire, 575.-Exeter, Dorchester, and Wey-
mouth, 21s. 6d.-Galway and Kilkenny, 18s.-Goole! and
Doncaster, 735. 6d.-Grand Union, 355.-Great Grimsby,
Louth, and Horncastle, 325. 6d.-Hull and Barnsley Junction,
30s. 6d.-Ipswich, Norwich, and Yarmouth, 245.-Leeds and
Carlisle, 525.-Leicester, Tamworth, Coventry, Birmingham,
and Trent Valley Junction, 455.-Lincoln, Wainfleet Haven,
and Boston, 335.-Liverpool, Manchester, and Newcastle-
up' n. Tyne, 705.-London and York, 905.-London and Man-
chester (Remington), 375.-Manchester, Midland, and Great
Grimsby, 365. 6d.-Manchester, Southampton, and Poole,
505.-Midland and Eastern Counties, 275.-North Stafford-
shire, 51. 7s. 6d.-Northampton, Bedford, and Cambridge,
255. 6d.-Northamplon, Banbury, and Cheltenham, 435.-
Nottingham and Boston, 365. 6d.-Northumberland and
Lancashire Junction, 265.-Rugby, Warwick, and Worcester,
275.-Somersetshire Midlands, 41s. 6d,-South and Midland
Junction, 255. 6d.-Staines and Richmond, 465.-lean and
Dove Valley, 2114. 6d.-Waterford and Kilkenny, 51s. 6d.-
Waterford, Wexford, Wicklow, and Dublin, 255.-Worcester
and South Wales, 315.-York and Lancaster, 335.-Central
of Spain, 235.-East Indian, 265. 6d.-Louvain and Jemeppe,
475.-Paris and Orleans (Calon's), 395.-West Flanders, Si.
There are no late ship arrivals to-day, but the packet of
the 16th ult., from New York, has been telegraphed, and may
bring important news.
The Funds are very quiet this morning, Consols being
94% % for present transfer, and 95 for time. The premium
on Exchequer-bills has been down to 245., though up since
to 275. To -day there is a delivery cf some of the stock sold
last week. The New Three-and-a-Quarter per Cents. have
been 97% to 9724, and the Three per Cents. 951/4 to %.
Bank Stock has been finn at 206 to 2071/, and India Stock

at 257•
The Foreign Stocks are dull. Spanish Five per Cents.
hare been 28 to 14, and the Three per Cents. 383/4. Mexican
Bonds have been at 8014 %. Chillian Stock is steady at 99.
Dutch Two-and-a• Half per Cents. have been 59 to 591,4.
Railway Shares have been very dull this morning, and
in some cases rather flatter.

BRITISH FUNDS THIS DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK.
(From the Official List.)
_ _ _

Bank Stock .. • • • • .. • • .. 206 207%
Three per Cent. Reduced Annuities .. 9514 %
Three pia Cent. Consols Annuities 94%%
New Three-and-a-Quarter per Cent. Antis. 97%%
Long Annuities, Expire Jan. 5, 1860 .. 10 7-16 %1/2
Ditto, 30 yearn, Oct. 10, 1859 .. 1014 %
Ditto, 30 years, Jan. 5, 1860 .. 10%

India Stock
India Bonds, 1,0001. ..
Ditto, under 1,0001.
Three per Cent. Annuities, 1751
Consols for Account
Exchequer Bills.
1,0001. • •
5011. • •
I Otto, Small

• • .. • • 257

• • • • 94%

I.d,

Phd.
• ~ 24 27
▪ 24 27 pm.
• 24 28 Pm.

PRICES OF FOREIGN FUNDS AT ONE O'CLOCK.
Cldlian Bonds, 6 per Cent. .• • • 99
Danish Bonds, 3 per Cent • • • • 88%
Mexicali Bonds, 1837, 5 per Cent • • 30%
Ditto, for the Account .. .. 30►
Spanish Bonds, 5 per Cent. .. • . 28
Ditto, for the Account • • .• 284 IA
Ditto, Three per Cent .. .. ..
Ditto, for the Account •• 38%
Dividends on the above payable in London.
Dutch Two-and-a-Half per Cents. 59%
Ditto, 4 per Cent. Certificates .. 94 1,6%

BUSINESS DONE IN RAILWAY SHARES AT ONE O'CLOCK
RAILWAYS. PAID. PER SHARE.
Blimingham and Oxford Junction .. 2 •••• 2% •• • • to
Bristol and Exeter .. • • .. 70 BB .. • • to 87
Ditto New • • • • •• • • • . • • 5 .. • • 12 . • . to
Buckinghamshire .. • • .. 425. .. • • par .... to % p
Caledonian .. .. • • • • •• 10 14% .. to
Ditto Half Shares .. • • • • • • 2% •• • • 3%.. ••to
Ditto Extension • • • • • .. 2% •• • • 2% .. ••to
Chester and Holyhead .. .. • • .. 20 •• • • 213, .• .. to
Direct Northern . • • • • • .. • • 2% •• .• 2% .. • • to 2
Dublin and Galway .. ••• • • 4 •• • • 3% •••• to
Eastern Counties 141. l6s. Od 22% • • • • to 22 x d
Ditto, New • • .. .. 61. 16s. 0d....• %pto
Do., rerpetual,sperCt. No.l, Cl. 13s. 4d .... to
Ditto, ditto . • .. N 0.2, Cl. 13s. 4d.• •.• %p .. to
Edinburgh and Glasgow .. • • •• 50 .. • • 76% .... to
Cools, Doncaster, and Sheffield, &c... 425. •
Grand Unirn (Nottingham and Lynn) 1% ... • 1% •••.. to
Great Western .• .• • • • • • • 85 .• • • .... to
Ditto, Half Shares .. .. 50
I)itto, Quarter Shares • • .. • • 5 20 IA .• to 19%
Leeds and Carlisle .• • • • • • • 2% .. • • 1% •••• to
Live' pool, Manch, and Newc. Junct. 2% •• •• 3% .. • . to
London and.Birmingliam .. • . —lOO •• • • 229 •• .. to
Mao, Thirds • • • • • • 16 ••• • 52 ••.. to
Ditto. Quarter Shares • • • • • 2
Ditto, Fifths • • •• .• .. 2 .. •• 26 •.• to
London and Blackwall 161. 13s. 4d. •• • • 9% •• • • to
Loudon and Brighton .. .. 50 68% %.. to
Ditto ditto Fifths • • • • .. .. 10 ••• • 21 .• ••to
London and South•WeAertt • • 411. 6.). 10d. —• to
I)itto, New • • • • • • • • • • 7% •• • • 18% • • to 17%
London and York .. .. • • • 2% •• • • 4%%.. to
Londonderry and Coleraine ' .. • • 5 .. • . 5 .... to 4%
Manch .ster and Leeds .. .. 82 .. • • .. • . to
Ditto, Fifths .. .• .• .. 1
Manchester and Birmingham .. • • 40 ••.. •• ••to
Do., Contin. and Welsh Junction.. 1% 1 .. • • to
Manchester, Buxton, and Matlock .. 425.
Mancin.ster and Southampton .. • • 2
Midland • • • • .. • . —lOO 152 x d .. to 150
Ditto, New . v .. 12 .... 28% %..to
Newark, Sheffield, and Boston • . 2% to
North British .. •. .• 17% .• •• .. to
Ditto, Carlisle Extension • . 1%.... .... to 3
Ditto, Dalkeith - • • .. • • •• 25 ••.. •••. to
D'tto ditto • • .. • • • • • • 5 •• •• 5Ys• • • • to
Nora Staffordshire .. .. • • •• 42a. •• • • 3% pto
Oxford, Worcester, &Wolverhampton 12% •• 15% .. • • to
Perth and Inverness • • • • • • • • 2% •• • • 1% •• • . to
Richmond • • • • • • • • • • • • 10 • • 16% •• •• to
Shrewsbury and Birmingham .• • • 2% •• • • 3% •• .. to
Shropshire Union • • • •-• .• 425. •• • • 4 dis.. to
South Midland
• • • • • • • • • 425..... 24 p.. to
Sta'ncs and Richmond • • • • • • • • 1 •• • • 2% •• • • to
South Wales .. • • • • • • • • • • 5 .. 6%.... to
Trent Valley • • • • • • • • • • • • 5 •• • • 21 •• .. to
Welsh Midland .. • • •• • • • • 2% •• • 1% •••. to
York and North Midland .. • • • • 50 •• .. •• • • to
Ditto, Half Shares • • • • • • •25 .• •.50 x all.. to
FOREIGN RAILWAYS.

Dutch Rhenish • • .. • • • • • • 5 •• • • 7% ••• to
Great Nurthent of France Constituted 5 • • • 14N .... to
Jamaica South Midland June' ion .. 1 .... to
Lyons and Avignon .. • • • • • • 2 .. • • 2%.... to
Luxembourg • • • • • • • • .. .. 4 .... .2% ... to
Namur and Liege .. .. • • • 4 .. • . 3% .... to
Rouen awl Havre • • .. .. 20 .. • . 29t,(.... to
Sambre and Meuse .. .. •.• .. 6 .. • . .. • . to

JOINT-STOOK BANKS,

London Joint-Stock .

. .. 10 .... 13% to
MINES.

Real del Monte, Unregistered

• • • •• • • 4 •• • • to

LLOYD'S SHIPPING.--(T HIS DAY.)

LONDON, FEB. 3.—Wind S.S.W., light airs and hazy, but tine.'
Dovza, Fan. 2.—Sld. Henriette, Williams, E;urinam ; Gazelle,
St. Thomas ; Zampa, Lamb, Vera Cruz; Creole, Danaerman, Texas.
PORTSMOUTH, FEB. 2.—Wind N.N.E. to W.—Sld. Helen Fielder,
Willis, Calcutta ; Salsette, Hough, Cape of Good Hope and Ceylon ;
Baretto, Junior, transport, Huggins, Bermuda.
SOUTHAMPTON, FEB. 2.—Sld. Forth steamer, West Indies.
DEAL, FEB. 2.—Wind N.N.W. to N.W.—Arrd. Seindian, Terry,
Calcutta ; Xarifa, Kerg, Possession Island ; Richard Watson, Leeds,
Rio Janeiro; Philadelphia, New York. Arrd. from the river and
sailed, itarossa, Dodds, Bombay; Nautilus, Thomas, Mauritius;
Frances Ann, Filch, New Orleans. Sld. Emma. Eugenia, Beech,
Hobart Town ; Caledonia, Sydney, New South Wales, with the rest
of the outward hound, except the Waterloo, for the Cape of Good
Hope ; Duke of Wellington, Nantes, crews refractory.
BRISTOL, FEB. 2.—Sld. Industrious, Frazer, Sierra Leone; Eliza-
beth, Cundy, Jamsics.
NEWPORT. FEE. 2.—Sld. Isabella, Forward, Aden; Eliza Ann,
M'Kevett, Rio Grande.
. _ _ . _

FEB. I.—Arrd. Jane Boyd, Alexander, Cuba. Sld. Lady
Prudhoe, Charlton, ditto; Bascal Grenfell, Proud, ditto.
LIVERPOOL, FEB. 2.--Wlnd W.N.W., moderate.—Arrd. Patrla,
Ponsonby, Hong-Kong. Sid. Patriot Queen, Adamson, Calcutta ;
Oriental, Lowther, ditto; Prince of Wales, Alexander, Valparaiso.
Off port, Yorkshire, New York, Faded 16th ult.
CLYDE.-81d. Hudson, Lawton, New York.

Coax, JAN. 31.—Wind W.S.W., strong breezes.—Acrd. 3fargaret
Littlejohn, Scott, Calais ; Love and Unity, Williams, Newfoundland.
A ship, suppLsed the Atlas, from New York.
RAmsGATE, FEB. 2.—The Bee, Hayes, from Newcastle to South-
ampton, sprung a leak at sea, 31st rlt., and was a abandoned; crew
saved by the Robert, arrived here. •

DARTMOUTH, ran, 2. —Tho Dyg-d. er. Schalman, from Byrnebay to
Marseilles, put in here yesterday, with several feet water in her
hold, loss of deck load, &c., and crew quite exhausted, after being
beyond Cape Fineskrre.

DOVER., FEB. 2.—The Penguin, Bolles, from Sunderland to Abbe-
ville, has put in here very leaky, with windlass upset and loss of
anchor and chain, having got on shore ou the Newcomb Bank this
morning.

SHOREHAM, FEB. I.—The French lugger Avemi picked up at sea
a cask of rum marked " Arroterdann Andreas," and one ca. k of gin
with "11. & Co., No. 12," about 30 miles S.W. from here, and saw
about 200 more, supposed to have been in the water some time.
Cow: s, FEB. 2.—The Wanskapcn Durskman, from Wyburg to
Cette, which put in here on the 31st ult., is leaky, and must dis-
charge her cargo.

LIVERPOOL, FEB. 2.—The Mary Addley, from Demerara to this
port, was wrecked yesterday on West Hoyle, being the vessel re-
ported yesterdey as a barque supposed to be the Mary. Sixty-four
casks of rum have been saved from the wreck, and should the wea-
ther hold up, it is expected, the whole of the rum, molasses, and
hides will be saved. The Mersey, from Limerick to Lytham, got on
shore near Burbo this morning, but came off on the flood without
apparent damage, and has put in here. The wreck of a boat
marked " Onondago, of Waterford," has been washed ashore near
Formby. The Syria, from Quebec to this port, is reported to have
been lost on Manioengan Sands. Mem.—The Syria is given in
Lloyd's list of the 16th ult., as reported on shore on the St. Law-
rence. About 100 bales of cotton have been landed from the Susanne,
at Cumming, on shore near Southport, a large proportion of which
is damaged., The vessel is much broken, and is rapidly sinking in
the sands.
GREENOCK, JAN. 31.—The Merlin-Currie, from Liverpool to Cal-
cutta, which put in here leaky on the 29th ult., leaky, raustdischarge
to repair.
DCNGARVON, JAN. 31.—The Defiance, Kelton, from Plymouth
to Guiana, has put in here very leaky, and will proceed to Water-
ford to discharge.
LIVERPOOL, FEB. 2.—The Alice, hence for Preston, with grain,
went on shore this morning, on Burbo Bunk.

LIBRARY FOR THE BRIGADE FIREMEN.—Under the
sanction of Mr. Braidwood, the superintendent of the London
Fire Engine Establishment, a library has been established at
Vie chief station in Watling-street, City, to which the whole
of the men in the force have access. There are at present
233 works at their command. The men eagerly employ their
leisure time in reading the books. and every opportunity of
improving their minds is afforded them by the superinten-
dent of the establishment, Mr. Braidwood.