The Sun.
London, England, 1841-09-01 00:00:00

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PRICE 5d

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--- - .
204, and: Colombian from
,194 to 24. Portuguese New
Five per Cents. were at 3ji to 3., Mexican at 261; and
Brazilia,-.). at 61. Bela in Old Five per Cents. were at
1021 r, aad the Three rkr Cents.' at 703- • French Fire
at 101 t, to 104.
per -Cells. were steady,/
ut 116, and Dutch'Five per Cents
actions Were not extensive. Great Western Railway
.:;c1 market was found, but the trans-
:For Shares a go
Shjrc3.wiTc 171 to IQ-, the New, 63-, and the Fifths,.
pi•eul., The
ifllathwall, gi ; Manchester and Leeds,
12 ; Eastkrn Counties, 144 discount. London and West-
minster Bank.,New'Shares, were 14 premium.
Therttlias • been the same firmness in the Foreign Ex-
changes :ill's :afternoon. The rise in the Exchange at.
Harnbul-,;11, attended es it vas by a decline in gold, evil
be the p....cleAe, it is hoped, of a similar movement in
the other:. 'principal 'cities of the Continent. The quota ii
-
tions f' A' Three Months' Bills have been these ;--Palis
23. 65 'jo 67-A- ; _Amsterdam, 12. 44 to t Antwerp, ,:j2.
H- nribui7ll, 13. 101 to ; Frankfort,.l49l to I; tio.-;
T6est e, 9. 50 to 52.
!ibe foll&.ving are the official returns of the Expo.:
of: Bullion for the week ending Thursday last
Silver Cain to Mauritius B,OOO oz.
,19 Ilamburgh
ofterdam
ft Bars-to Hamburgh

//-3 11a/-

EVENING Sbr:N.

and the Porte solemnly pledges herself ivy er to raise any
ohstade to this right.'
" She proaases never to stop the vessels , either laden
or not laden, whether belonging to Rn ssia or any
other country (not at war with the St 'Lan), Pass-
ing through the canal of Constantinople and the
Dardanelles, from the Black Sea to the Yviediterra-
neap, or from . the Meditornanean to the - Russian,
ports of 't-;74. Black Sea. In care of any contravention
not folloildnsy immediate satin :faction at the demand
of the itassian Ambassador, the Port recognizes
the right of Russia to consider such an act an act of
hostility, and to snake re.prisals. There shall i')a no
question of complete domination c.f the waits, the
Porte having renounced her right of set. tiring
ves6els passing through it.' The treaty a the Danube
of 13th ,"July, 1841, concluded between Russia
and Austria, attaches also to the domination of the 13:lack
Sea, as a conseceience of the treaty of Adrianorie. -Russia
grants to that treaty the free navigation of the 31-f.ck Sea
to the merchant vessels of Austria and other natio, ‘.s. Thus
the English 'lac' would be excluded from the Dan uhs, in
case she should be at war with either Turkey or Russia. In
the face of such facts it is astonishing to see there sliotild
be again a question of the ancient regulation conciurn-
ing the shutting of the straits. It is true that ',tho
Sultan pledged himself by the treaty of ;Wm. 13th, of
July, 1841, to maintain the ancient rule of exch.iclinr-.'alr
vessels of A var. The Sultan had' insisted on
-!..(_,
observation of this ancient rule, to give the Eurepezla
Powers an opportnnity of specially e.m5re.......:i 71 g•
Their recognition of his right of Sovereirnty. The ,
Treaty of July 13 is nothing in reality. bat a
ah.ich guarantees the neutrality' of the
rt
o't .. oe, and the Powers are,:interesteil in the
icib,el*,..'nee of this neutrality. If, hi time of peace, a priyi-
rcge shoat ,A be of a nature to incite jealousy in a pi.qvcr,it .
Would be in4.3h 'more so in cnso of that nentrabty heing
-lied to prevent tiro Ottointm rorte
broken. It iWas 10....
favouring one nation'• at the expense of the othe ,-. E7't
what would happe:r in case of a war .., t,;. i•.
England and Russia ? - If -..the Porte remains ~,,t;•• I,
Russia has a
.Al..rong . squa\lron in the Bia,. ;-;.,,,
Could England send her Mei:chant vessels i.:1:..
Black Sea, without their heing.arined or hitting V, CO7l-
V(ly ? This ~appears ,doubtfal--; \ Russia, tllerf I ,:: •., _' ,Is
the powei• of 'interdicting 'the conathcrcial :in -:•.:!...:-.1..,:. of. )1.11
-nv Power--in the #l`tielil'A Sea,- :tend that without fittacii..inr
i'lle 'n ofi..sevehigiaty`. of 'the Xittotittni forte, or i.." 1- -4"
~ 4
fringe on her neutrality. -
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"„-DRv-6iiietietit: .44
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WINDSOR, TUESDAY.—The Queen anti 1:1111th'..
Albert walked'. in the Park as 41141, and break-
fasted at Adela:* Cottage.
The Princess Rvyal
,has been , taken airinf.;l;
to-day. N. \.

Her Alajesty and her,lnstripus COTISOrt
Out in a pony phaeton this\tiveiling,
driving, attended:by _Lord Al fred N.Pagia Equorr.y-
in Waiting, on I drsehttek;. /aid tbri ow ed .by Lady
Portman, Lady C. S. Ooeks,,lfon.\,Aliss. Caven-
dishand the Ron. Sir William I.urnley in an
open carriage. The Royal party were no longdr
than half an hour absent from the Castle.

Lady Portman has arrived ; and haslbucceetiad.
the Duchess of Bedford as the;Lady in Waiting--
on tho Queen. The 'Earl",of Listowel , has suc-
ceeded the Earl of .the. Lord...in ;Wait-
ing, and General the Hon. 'Sir-WilliairalurnleY
has succeeded the Hon. J. Howard as ehe Gr9orrirl,
Waiting .on her Majesty. \The Duch.dps of
Bedford, the Earl of Fingal], and thelillan.
Howard, have taken theiLikepa.rtuv,e.
The Earl and. Countess oflThr,brid4-e, the
Ladies 'Eleanoia and • Constance-I*e. t,
‘ ,
Colonel Bouverie, and Mr. George, Ea :surd
Anson, Nl' ill have the houour.of joinius-, the Royal
dinner party at the. Castle this evenini,;:
The Court, it is expected, will,..leave Windsor
to-morrow (Wednesday) fox, Clatemon4.

.‘ • -
The Luke of BnckingLam arrived`Onf town
yesterday Afternoon from Ifig'seat, Slowe,,Bucks,,
a:despatch Raving been forwarded to ',h iis Grace
from Sir Robert Peel. The...NobtoJuke' paid"; # i
visit to. the Right Hon. Baronet at his resldence '
in Whitehall-gardens soon after three o'clock,
I and remained an hour with Sir klibert. After
1 the arrival of his Grace, the' Earl of Ripen,
the Earl of Aberdeen, Lord Lyndhurst, Sir
Edward l! aliit chbull, Sir 'Thomas Fremantle, !,
Sir 'George Clerk, . "the" Right .1-Thribilinple H.
Goidburn Right 1-14neurable Charles A.4n3,kot, /
~and Mr. 4corpe Inward, Anson, I.*lll,4o.sitS`tO
1 -the course of the. aftehicion, to Sir...R6bertl.-'ecl,,i
and had interviews ,with .. the Right
..10Acur....bii
.
Baronet.. ' . .. •1 ' '4`-
•, In the morning, Lord Franiis Drertm‘, • the •
r•
Earl of Aberdeen, and Other ;.Vobletnen anil gen:-
,tlesnen visited Sir Robert Peor.iii 0:1.11-1-:!:.0.11
Gardens. - - .G-,..(4,-
His 'Royal Ifiglines-i the Dute of
..C4lnii.'i :.i.y ..r
L.
arrived in town yesterday morning from his .-t::-
[
denee at Kew. His Royal Highness returz2i. .:.)
Kew in the afternoon. . : - ' ' ' .

THE MAMMOTH IRON STEAMER.-
. (From the Polutechnic Journal.)
The
.first idea -ottifo, hear of an iron shii, is,
probably, of something alifazingly strong, but so ;wary
as to be kept afloat with difficulty, and liable to go tlova
" like a stone," as the sailors term it, the moment she
has the misfortune to spring a leak. Now all this is pure
imagination, and it only requires to inspect an iron ves-
sel while under the builder's hands, to have every preju-
dice on the subject removed, and to ascertain that, so far
from being heavier and more liable to sink, the weight of
an iron vessel built of the same degree of strength as
one of wood, the external dimensions of both. I)eing
equal; will
,he something less than half that of the latter,
the proportion being, we believe, on an average, about as
seven to sixteen. A strong wood-built vessel is asti-
mated to weigh at least sixteen hundred weight to er Sty
register ton ; the new iron ship building at Bristol, about
seven hundred weight, or, in other words, supposing it
wood-buil tve isel of the same size as the Great Westr•rit

of
the
hase.fastened
support plates
with the Lame -weight of cares), the iron ship mie;ll,e
take in fourtee i hundred tons of water by leakage, be-
' fore she it ould cone to the same bearings as the other,.
Not only, however, is the iron ship superior in lighteess,
but shs is also fir less liable to spring a leak at sea than
a wood-built vessel. There is scarcely a plank in an or-
dinary ship which is not forced into its place, inure or
less, contrary to the position it would maintain if left
to itself; and this is particularly the case round the bows
and in the run of the vessel, where, after being softened
aid rendered pliant by saturation from steam, it often
requires considerable mechanical power to bring the
_planks to what is technically called " their berth."
Again, every plank, however firmly bolted to the tins -
hers within, is quite independent of, and unconnected
with, those above and below it ; the consequence of
which is, that every wood-built vessel has a tendency
to strain at sea, whenever, as it is often needful to do,
•an unusual press of canvass is carried on her ; the-
masts in this case acting as a powerful lever on
the upper works, with which they are conw_seted
by the deck and beams ; and the ballast (Sr cargo
below endeavouring to maintain its position by its
vis inertia, it becomes evident, that in proportion as the
ti "e
should
vessel heels over from the force of the wind, so much
greater must be. the strain on her weather or upper side;
and this having a direct tendency to open the seams
between the planks, it is by no means uncommon for ves-
sels teeleak under such circumstances, which had previ-
ously shown na symptom of complaining : and often-
time the fastening works loose, treenails mid bolts are
partially drawn, butts started, and the vessel becomes
leaky and unseaworthy, however new, until she has again
been overhauled by the ship: 'rights. All old sailors are
perfectly aware of this, and are never caught by a storm,
on a lee-shore, without keeping a watchful eye on the
pumps as well as the sails ; but in the case of au irons,
built vessel it is entirely,different : every separate sheet
of iron with which she is closed in is adapted to its par-
ticular situation, from which it has no tendency to re-
move itself, except that which it naturally derives ftom,
gravitation ; and as every sheet is bolted in the firmes,,
manner into all those to which it adjoins, above, th"
low, and laterally, as well as to the iron ribs, or frame on..
which they are laid, the vessel may be considered almost
as compact as a cylinder ; and we should no
,moregh ex-
pect to find her leak by straining at sea,
expect to see the bilge-plank of a wood-built vessel open
through its centre, under similar circumstances. ITo sup-
ply the place of a kelson, ten
ofthevefsersooemnil,partm each
which ' •
the
epntabste are
fixed to run the whole length fore and a
above two feet deep, and something
the whole being united by itthnusull;trn.oof. thatth apart,
ess
of the letter U, the bottom of each the 1
into a flooring iron, and thaensd(idisuetisn,tii.tifrbototfstttnihostidialnglos:
be-
tween which it stands ;
securing the same strength,
awnhdapt
whatever
icui t
cause,
so as to meet the strain on the bottom, Wherever it may
from being subject to wreck at sea,
occur. To insure the safety
of which will be water-ugat, and.. any two of them she will be divided into separate
ca-
pable of supporting the entire weight of the vessel with
considerable buoyancY, so that if she ran into an ice-
berg, or were thrown upon a rock, she would not be
liable' to go down, or endanger the lives of the Das-
ai Jong as one end of her remained unbrofien.
superiorb• liglelkii
added the power of her pumps, which
sTeongtheriss,may be
will be enabled, in case of any serious leak, to throw off
a quantity of water exceeding 7,000 gallons, or twenty-
five tuns per minute ; so that a leak which would in
five minutes sink a loaded ship of the size of three or
four hundred tons, would merely keep the pumps ot t'ss
steamer briskly at work, to prevent the water from ga:1:-
ing on her. In fact, when the ship is fairly afloat, *.L A
good canvass aloft and the screw-propeller below, !:'::_t
maybe pronounced_ to be the most safe and cowlete
nautical machine with which Mankind were ever yet
acquainted.

AN OSSIFIED MAN.—In the Museum at Dub-
lin there is a skeleton of one Clarke, a native of the City
of Cork, whom they called the ossified man, one of the
greatest curiosities of nature. It is the carcase of a man,
entirely ossified in his lifertime," living in that condition
several years. Those that knew him before this sur-
prising alteration, affirm he had been a young man of
great strength and agility. He felt the first syn3ptoms
of this surprising change some time after he had lain all
night in the fields, after a debauch, till, la slow degrees,
every part grew into a bony substance, excepting his
skin, eyes, and intestines ; his joints nettled in such a
manner, that no ligament had its proper operation ; ho
could not lay down or rise up without assistance. His
teeth were joined, and formed into one entire bone ; his
tongue lost its use, and his sight failed him tome time
before he expired.