The Sun.
London, England, 1846-09-18 00:00:00

ADELPHI THEATRE.
A. new drama, entitled 'Eugenia Claircille, or
.771:
° Pound Home, was produced here last evening.
Claireille (Madame Celeste) is the orphan
Paighter of an English lady, who has eloped with a
renal, soldier. Deprived of her parent, she disguises
herself in
male attire, and wends her way to England
find her rich uncle, bir. Rugleigh (Mr.Cullentor(l),
her Mother's brother, who has discarded his sister be-
ieanise she has married against his consent. Bugleigh
aril 'lodging with Mrs. Corbel! (Mrs. Laws), an old
end of his sister's, and is attended on by Bernard
il angrel (Mr. Boyce), a sort of humble Joseph Sur-
-0,1 lee; who has insinuated himself into the old man's
°°°Q graces, and has persuaded the old man to make
Will in his favour, leaving an annuity of 3001. a
/ear to Eugenia Claireille, his sister. Langrel, how-
plots with Buzzard (Mr. Lambert), a lawyer,
teuraw up a will, omitting this annuity, and to pro-
wnt it to the old man for signature ; and when the
iis prepared, the lawyer waylays a certain Mr.
13°"37 (Mr. P. Bedford), a lollipop merchant in the
Orough, who is out for the day, and bribes him to
za witness to the execution of the document. At
i
,ssuls period Eugenia arrives, is recognised as the old
eara
s relation, and he refuses to execute the will.
-Leff
eY, however, witnesses the execution of a bond from
ioangrel to Buzzard, the price of the vilainy of the
r, and Langrel pretends to be rejoiced at the
old ral of Eugenia. He then forges the signature of
,A.,,Rugleigh to the will, forges the signature of
th°lleY as the witness, and leaves Rugleigh asleep in
Zthe Care of Eugenia, having previously mixed poison
e old man's night draught, which is to be admi-
° tared to him by Eugenia. But this poison was
• t mixed without the presence of a witness. There
el 3 a certain Hugh Matlock (Mr. 0. Smith), who
a°ing been unjustly sentenced to transportation as a
I;°aeher, has vowed vengeance against the world. He
ere,alts into Rugleigh's house that night, and, con-
ahl'ed behind a curtain, sees Langrel mix the poison
'es-: leave the room. Matlock then enters and corn-
hy`nvees plundering the room, when he is interrupted
jei.,iiugenia, and by the old man, who awakes. In Rug-
hiru recognises the magistrate who had sentenced
e
her "d rushes upon him to stab him. Eugenia
a;fthrows herself between them, remonstrates with
utlo
h a L ek, and so works upon his feelings that he drops
110-a4rlife• throws down his plunder, and leaves the
,se• The excitement has been too much for Rug-
u'in, who falls down in a fit and expires. This ends the
~-;!°ad act, between which and the third a lapse of
Lie months takes place. In the third act we find
4,4°0d in full roesession of his ill-got wealth, but
po-sPevately in love with Fugenia, now reduced to
(ar'ellY• She, however, loves Frederick Stanmore
Ur. \Vorrell), and indignantly rejects the suit of
th-etiel• He endeavours to coerce her. He seeks
tidgr of Buzzard, who bribes Matlock to assist him.
poia atYrill threatens to denounce her to justice as having,
I,2oned her uncle. In an agony of grief and de-
prolr, she still refuses his suit—albeit he has so cleverly
t°
together his chain of circumstantial evidence
ose, make it appear impossible that she should
' able. The acting of Madame Celeste in this scene
aki intensely pathetic; it harrowed up the feelings
ipi Went to the very soul ; hut when escape seemed
It P°ssible, the witness of her innocence was at hand.
a,N4s Matlock who bribed by Buzzard to assume
e
Of aracter of an officer of justice, for the purpose
aao4,trYing off Eugenia, recognises in her the being
ti had awakened his soul to a sense of virtue, and
tite,ll,l;_eas Langrel as the murderer ; at the same
l'ofieLne forgery is discovered through the means of
~tiesset who, although he witnessed a deed, wit-
,nn will • and while Stanmore is united o
p_teeer'a, the heiress, Langrel is arrested, and
,Ilartes the just punishment of his crime.
,4'eff ° is a very amusing comic underplot, in which
ers,l7, his wife (Mrs. F. Matthews), and his lodger,
take 13ieeps, a random rattling m. dical student
Pert, Which ever and anon comes in a relief to
t',eaf „more serious scenes. The character of the
-..41 Student is capitally delineated by Howe.
Nenters into the spirit of the charecer with great
;has?' and never was the rattling, rollicking, careless
4e4l32°liigate, but good-hearted medical student
61,0 More truly represented. His making up was
tie,,°6l all praise. It was a perfect pictorial
ta(i.'Plification of the " season " career of the
;aps„leal student upon town. It was the con-
-leki'of the metamorphoses of entomology, for
tlahaninjng' as the butterfly, he passed into the
ended state of the chrysalis, a leetle tarnished, and
!Itho'as the grub; vet not altogether as the grub, for
t}lepetigh seedy and shabby, he was never crawling ;
SiltW,B always a swaggering spirit of independence
qit f Linn, and a kind-heartedness at the bottom of all
tHa 11ies ethat prevented him ever becoming contemp-
-4.1. It was evident that he had not lost his own
ll'ereesPeet, and therefore it was impossible for him
Pike nt!rely to lose the respect of others. Taken as a
Sital3tt dramatic as contradistinguished from melo-
-4 Play, acatring• Mr. Howe was the great artist of
Lwyeeco4Z• Alunyard had a little part, that of a
!hick he °f. Which he made a great deal, and of
Ibis dram!, xherry
ov°uld have made a great deal more, had he
less palpably. The incidents of
ma are not new, but they are admirably put
INl6,er* It is an exceedingly well-built play; the
Ai,atre, too, is carefully, and in the comic parts
N'ol,, Written. Frank Biceps keeps up a constant
Puns, some very good, some so execrably
el; 'net they are better than good, and almost
tti,t, Seldom have we met with a piece in which
ion so much spoken fun, with so little of it
An-place The piece was completely successful,
Nsaa announced for repetition amidst loud applause.
\'1() followed by Used Up, with Webster as the
lan 'd the glorious Pas de Pippins concluded the
kltklgs amusement. The house was crowded to
tian in every part.

gtok h BANK. OF ENGLAND.
of /early general court of the proprietors of the
-e;nglaod, to consider of a dividend, and also a
qcly ILY general court, appointed by the charter, were
it,llk,e_sterday at the Bank of England.
O"'Pert of the proceedings of the last court having
leer,(l,
Vlept`4oYErcon (W. Heath, Esq.) stated that the
ev as one of the quarterly general courts, ap-
,Ni "Y the charter, and also one of the half-yearly
)4414eurts, appointed by the by. laws, to consider
'oo,!titead. The Court of Directors, looking at the
:tate-of the Bank accounts and its funds, were of
tQki,,,`,"l a dividend of 3i per cent., free of income
1,1)1.0"'t be declared ; but before he put that question
k (,?/jetors, no doubt, would be anxious to hear from
rj4ilZtlat9'teotient of the Bank accounts and the rest. In
khdthe2,?! last year the rest was 3,588,8871.
the -"ut of February, 1846, the rest was 3,689,4301.,
10ti'Li31anount at that period added to the rest was
t 4 Er In August the rest was 3,789,973 L, and the
.Itlse'zneunt added was 150,323 L, making a total
Yllllt4 the two half years of 250,866/. The rest at
if:P4e,-"d 3,859,752/. He trusted that this state of
5014 Y i:110t8 would be satisfactory to the proprietors.
41, „11.ticraan present wished for further explanation
N''c'let he should be most happy to give it.
)11ti hart/E.ron wished to know what amount the
e GPaid into the Exchequer for income tax.
hN..evaarzon-30,000/.
wniatn was compelled, however reluctantly,
thv o 4 order to move an amendment to the proposi-
ha ught forward by the governor and directors.
014 that under the present circumstances, when
4'k, on the sth of this month, had above
of notes, and about six millions in
Plemployed, when the powers were so much_
t), under under the new charter, and they were empowered
e private banks of the country to command
41(1!'ketu—he thought that when they had 25 millions
NliVvided, being something like 25 per cent., that
'Y least the directors could do would be to allow
• instead of 3f. He thought that the proprie-
tD reap a little present advantage, instead of
01)1, all for posterity. He begged leave to conclude
iiil'4lg that on the 10th day of October next 4 per
of:Ptiadent of the income-tax, be, declared, in-
• W„g" Per cent.
Y jutl,LunsoN seconded the motion. He thought
t Well afford an increased per centage when
iltkj,,:within the last two half-years added to their
Elve 250,0001.
gbAIGE DEER thought that the governor and
kite 0,.) considering the favourable state of the se-
t`V,the Bank, should add to the capital of the pro-
efeln the rest, the sum of 1,455,300/.
th4-43EN supported the original motion, and op-
livr,ttene,_eelendment of Mr. De Winter, believing that
li4l"rltru,re would give the proprietors a half-yearly
I)tiv of 4 per cent. as soon as they were able, eon-
kof trorivfitil the affairs of the Bank. He deprecated
i)t3
- gi.
4it (31il thviong ughtbonuses the directors ought to give the
a dividend of 4 per cent. on the last "half-
t, a, It supported the original motion
' for_a_divi.-.
tt 2 per cent,, as proposed by the court of diree
i,114,ie could not but compliment them on the course
tqktd. Pursued, and he considered them entitled to
Vet the proprietors!generally.
°•lft. Ilisou could assure the proprietors of the
the directors to manage the affairs. of. the
i,N•OieWitY that would most conduce. to their inte-
-sOton,,Eit, hear.) The present dividend has not
it,3tV'isled by the directors without great considera-
me believed it would be for the interest of the
e 431.4 to adopt it.
4' •4o to
then put the amendment, which wa s
8; and negatived by a vast majority.
/t`Qan,, glee' motion was then put and carried
blklll4ll,lY.
t le
en declared that the dividend warrants would
it 4 t and paid on the 12th October next.
r .riElt wished to know whether the satisfactory
iLIAL ti It affairs would not admit of' their paying
t'ilt,ge affairs clerks and the income-tax thereon.
fl,ttiaticlfalttion said that the directors could only
y,4lt, subject if a substantive motion were made
kk,1.4
11e4,44,4"fellation then dropped.
'es en Were voted to the governor and dircctors,
-titt BeParated.
RisING.—So strong is the public feel-
ANAlite-'4e stoppage of the thoroughfares, that. the
F
, leet-stre@t have risen is a body agamst

DITELIN, SEPT. 15.—There is scarcely a district in
the entire country which does not already feel the
pressure of distress; ansl in many ceuntiea chiefly in the
smith and west, the peasantry are in a state of utter
destitution. Even in L'1-ter, where the people have been
comparatively comfortable, such scenes occur as the fel-
lowing, described by the Armagh Guardian :
"DESTITUTION IN FERMANAGH. On Wednesday
about 1,000 of the labouring peasantry entered the vil-
iaese of Newtownhutler, and having proceeded to the
police barrack, called for the constabl in charge of that
station, to whom they stated that they and their fami-
lies were perishing for lack of food; that they had
hitherto waited patiently in hopes something would be
done for their relief by the neighbouring gentry; but
no measure having been adopted .to give them employ-
ment, and thereby save them from starvation, their only
alternative was to take by force what they could not
otherwise obtain. The constable remonstrated with
them on the evil consequences that would attend a viola-
tion of the law, and told them that Lord Erne was on
that day gone to Enniskillen to hold a meeting for the
purpose of adopting immediate measures for their relief,
upon which they all returned peaceably to their respec-
tive places of abode."
The same journal gives the following as an illustraVan
of the new state of things in the ordinarily -peaceable
courtly of Armagh :
THREATENING NOTICE.—On the night of the 4th
instant the following notice was posted on several places
on the Powerscourt estate
" Take notice. seeing the blight on the potato crop has
become so alarming, we think well to caution the occupy-
ing tenant particularly those who may be called Capital.
ists and also those who have been in the habit of tender-
ing their Rents at an early period from sinister motives,
not to let their motives or large purses induce them to do
so this season until there is an understanding between
the Representatives of Lord Powerscourt and the
tenantry ; we trust the lovers of humanity and agricul-
tural interest will take notice of any person will be so
low or truckling as to pull any of our Circulars down ;
Brand us not with Molly Maguireism but if you wish to
mention us you may use the following gilt characters
(the lovers of humanity). We confess we have got at
the present time a good gentleman to deal with,
Mr. Hore.
" Signed on behalf of our Supporters,
" Captain FEARNOT.
" N.B.—We hope our neighbouring estates will take
patron.
From the county of Donegal, the Evening Post gives
the following communication :—" Letterkenny, 11th
September. Distress and alarm still continue to prevail
here. The people do not see anyof the resident gentry
taking any steps, or making any move, towards prepar-
ing for the evil day, although many works of great
utility could now be entered on—such as cleaning up
the river which passes by this town (Loughswilly), and
which would render this town, from its position, and so
far removed from any other town, one of the most im-
portant and flourishing in the north of Ireland. This
work would employ a great number of the labouring
class. If some prompt and very energetic measures
should not be adopted, God only look to our distresses.
It is a well-known fact, that many families in this town
and neighbourhood go to their wretched beds to drown
by sleep, if possible, their pangs of hunger."
Turning to the south-west, where distress is much
more general and urgent, we find the following in a
Conservative paper, the Glare Journal:—
" THE IMPENDING FAMINE.—We feel it absolutely
necessary, from the present state of the country, to call
upon the Government to take immediate and decisive
steps to satisfy the clamours of a starving people. Pro-
visions are raising in price every day. As for potatoes,
there are very little indeed in market, and it is almost
dangerous to make use of those offered for sale. Not
one stone of potatoes can be obtained without some of
them being found tainted; and even those bring seven-
pence halfpenny. Indeed, u e are strongly inclined to
relieve that, for the sake of their health, the people
should not be any longer allowed to use this diseased
food. Indian corn meal is now is. Ed. a stone, an ad-
vance of twopence a stone within the last three days.
If other provisions, therefore, rise at this rate, we should
like to know what family could support themselves; we
speak not of the labouring classes alone. The oat crop
is not at all productive—the yield is not anything equal
to the past year, and therefore if the people are left
without a supply of Indian corn meal, as they had
last season, they will be totally unable to live. We
think it our duty to speak out thus early, for it is by
timely exertion on the part of the Government that
the privations can be met, and that outrages can be pre-
vented. If the Indian corn meal is freely sold at a shil •
ling a stone, and beyond this we consider it over its
value, the peace can be preserved, but if the country be
left to private trade or speculation we may dread the
worst consequences. The people are determined, if
such supply is not afforded them, not to allow the corn
of the country to be exported, and therefore nothing but
anarchy and confusion may be looked for. The potato
gardens are left in many places altogether undug by the
owners, and the population generally allowed to dig
them and take them away. In other places, too, we are
told the gardens are being ploughed up for wheat, as
they are not considered of sufficient -value to dig them
out. This bears reference to every part of the country ;
it is not to any isolated part we refer. In fact, the en-
tire face of the country presents one universal failure of
the potato crop, and the great bulk of the people who
depend on that crop are without any means of sus-
tenance."
The following passage appears in a letter addressed
to the Dublin Evening Post, by Mr. T. E. O'Cavanagh:—
" Portumna, September 12.
" It is impossible to deny the existence of distress here.
The potatoes are all gone or usless. The fact is, that
the people are in the greatest apprehension of famine,
and unless ample employment as well as food be pro-
vided, we are on the eve of some great outbreak—men
assert openly they will not starve while there is food on
the land. On Friday several hundred men from different
parts or the country came in procession into this town in
order to ask the advice of the gentry about what they
were to do under existing circumstances. They called
at the Glebe, the resident of the venerable Archdeacon
Armstrong, who addressed them for a long time, and
promised to write to the authorities and try to get em-
ployment and food for them, which is all they require.
The very reverend gentleman then rode with them to
Portuma Castle, now the residence of the Countess Dow-
ager of Clanricarde, but the crowd failed in obtaining an
interview of her Ladyship, who is really very charitable,
and anxious to do all the good in her power. She hap.
pened to be out."

IRELAND.
SPREAD OF DESTITUTION,

, I A meeting of the scripholders in this company wa3
held yesterday, at the London Tavyrr, f)r the purpose of
reeeiving the report of a committee appointed to wind
up the afftirs of the company.
L Lord Her(-ford to h the chair. •
The SF.CRETARY having read the advertisement eon-
' vening the meeting, proceeded to read the report, from
which it appeared that the Bid had not passed the
• Standing Orders' Committee, and that although the
directors did all in their power to retrench the expenses.
[ still the demand of the engineers end solicitors remained
unsettled. The report concluded by stating that it
had been resolved to dissolve the company,
which had been accordingly done, and that 15s. a
share would be returned to the shareholders.
The CUAIRMAN then rose to address the meeting.
It was the wish of the directors of the company to court
inquiry, and to seek the strictest scrutiny into their con-
duct. The delay in giving the shareholders the full in-
formation as to their circumstances was owing to ina-
bility to get in the accounts of the claimants. More-
over they were anxious to promote the formation of a.
new and good company. The enormity of the accounts
was as much reprobated by the directors as by any of
the shareholders.—(Hear, hear.) It was proposed to
resist those claims at first ; but the board found it would
be necessary to review all the transactions, such as con-
tracts with other companies, &c., and it was considered
more politic to endeavour to make arrangements than
to oppose them with all the means in their power.
He stood there on the part of himself and his brother
directors to give any individual present full and imme-
diate explanation as to the past proceedings of the direc-
tors, which he had no doubt would be se.disfact,xy. In
conclusion, he trusted that a searching inquiry would be
made, and this inquiry the directors demanded as a
right.—(Hear, hear.)
The SECRETARY then read a statement of the liabili-

ties, in which was one item of payments of over
20,0001. to Mr. Baxter, as well as large demands still

due to bim.
Mr. GEORGE JONES said he regretted that printed
copies of that report had not been made, as the details
were too numerous and various to be retained. After
the enormous expense that had b en gone to, a little
more might have been incurred for this purpose.
The SECRETARY, in reply to a question, said that there
would he a balance of 20,0001., after paying the 15s. a
share, but the accounts were not yet arranged, and the
assets were not certain.
Mr. MAUEERT said that he was sure that they must
all be struck with the amount of the charges brought
against the company. Enormous as were railway
charges in general, these exceeded all others.
One thing should give them great satisfaction. From
the explanation they had just heard from the chairman,
it appeared that they had to deal with honourable men,
and who had the same interests with themselves. He
felt satiAed that they would do all in their power to for-
ward these interests.—(Some dissent.) Now, as they
had heard from the chairman that the directors were de-
sirous of inquiry, he would take the liberty of asking a
few questions. In the first place he would ask, why
5,000 shares had net been disposed of ? and, in the next
place, how many shares the directors held originally ?
Mr. AKERS, in reply, stated that the 5,000 shares al-
luded to were not allotted from a consideration that it
would be better to reserve a certain number of shares
for the proprietors of the land through which the line
was to pass, as well as the canal proprietary. With
respect to the second question, there was a minute on
the books that the directors should be compelled to take
one hundred shares. •
Mr. MAUDERT said he would now ask how many
shares were held by the directors ?
Several directors here stated that they held not only
the number of shares originally allotted to them, but a
considerably larger number. Some stated they held as
many as 350.
The deed giving power to the directors to .extend
their line and construct new branches was read by Mr.
Baxter, to show that the directors were authorised in
enlarging their line beyond the limits laid down in the
prospectus.
In reply to a question,
The SECRETARY read a list of payments already made
to Mr. Baxter, amounting to 20,000/.
The CHAIRMAN, in reply- to a question as to the re-
maining debt of 21,000/. to Mr. Baxter, for which that
gentlee.an had offered to take 7,0001., said that they did
not believe that the amount of Mr. Baxter's demand
would amount to the sum claimed, and the first intention
of the directors was to resist that demand.
Mr. BAXTER said it was the first time that he had
heard of the intention of the board to resist the claims
he had made. He would beg leg leave to state
what had occurred between him and the directors. (Mr.
Baxter here entered into a long detail, the purport of
which was, that when his account had been made out
he was himself surprised at its amount, and sug-
gested that it should be taxed. He also stated, that
when the affairs of the company became so very bed
he had offered to make a deduction even from the
taxed bill of costs, which, however, he would not
have done bad he been aware of the intentions
entertained by the directors, and stated, in conclusion
that he would not demand the full balance remain-
ing.—(Hear, and cheers.)

The CHAIRMAN explained that his meaning was, that
it was the original intention of the directors to resist
the payment of Mr. Baxter's demand, but from the
moment they entered into communication with Mr.
Baxter they abandoned that intention.
After a protracted discussion, it was finally
agreed that the report should be printed
for circulation amongst the shareholders, and the pro-
sent directors should be continued in office till the affairs
of the company had been wound up.
Thanks were voted to and acknowledged by the chair-
man, after which the meeting separated.

RAILWAY SH kRE MARKETS.

BRISTOL, SEPTEMBER 16.
STOCK EXCHANGE.-The sales are-Birmingham and Gloucester,
130-Bristol and Gloucester, Coal Pit Heath, 72-Caledonian, 16-
-Ditto, New, 1/. 9s. 3d.-Newcastle and Berwick, 28 -North Bri-
tish, Carlisle Extension, 2 13-16 p.-North Staffordshire, 3% p.
MANCHESTER, SEPTEMBER 16.
STOCK EXCHANGE.-The sales are-Birkenhead, Lancashire, and
Cheshire, 1 5-16 p.-Boston, Stamford, and Birmingham, I Is. c. dis.
-Eastern Counties, York Extension, 1 9-16 p.-Exeter and Ex-
mouth, 11-16 dis.-Great Grimsby and Sheffield, 3 dis.-Hudders-
field, Halifax, and Bradford, 2% p.-Huddersfield and Manchester
Railway and Canal 1% p.-Ditto, Extension, 7-16 p.-Leeds and
Thirsk, 4 dis. -Leeds, Dewsbury, and Manchester, 2% p.-Leicester
and Bedford, 10s. 6d. dis.-London, Manchester, and Birmingham,
76% -Ditto, Quarters (A), 7% P.-Ditto, ditto 09. 7% p.-Manches-
ter and Leeds Extension, 1 15-16 p.- Manchester and Southamp-
ton, 16s. dis.-North Eastern, 1% dls.-Oldham, Birkenhead, &c.,
yQ dis.-Sheffield and Manchester, Quarters, No. 3, 1-16 p.-
Shropshire Union Railway and Canal, % dis.-South-Eastern and
Dover, Halves, No. 4, 9 16 p.-West Riding Union, 2 7-16 p.
LEEDS, SEPTEMBER 16.
STOCK EXCTIANGE.-The sales are-Eastern Counties, York Ex-
tension, 31s. p.-Huddersfield and Manchester, 1% c. p.-Huddersfield
and Sheffield, 6% c. p. Leeds and Bradford, 44% p.-Leeds and
Dewsbury, 2% c. p.-Ditto, Branches, 20s. p.--Leeds and Thirsk,
41,E c. dis.-Ditto, New, 3 dis.-North British, 121% p.-Ditto, Carlisle
Branch, 58s. p.-Clitheroe Junction, 18s. 6d. dis.-Grand Union, 15s.
dis. s.-Great Eastern and Western, 325. dis: Lancashire, York-
shire, and North Eastern, 275. dis.-Leeds, Wakefield, and Midland,
13s. dis.-Balton and Driffield Junction, 12s. 6d. p.-Manchester,
Buxton, Matlock, and Midland, 268. p.-North Staffordshire, 3%
p. -North Western, 3s. p.-Sheffield, Rotherham, and Goole, ifs.
dis. s. -Shropshire Union, 4s. 6d. dis.-West Riding Union, 4/. Us. 6d.
HULL, SEPTEMBER 16.
STocK Excffaxar.-The sales are - York and Newcastle, New,
11% -Buckinghamshire, dis. -East Lincolnshire, 138. -Fleet-
wood, Preston, and West Riding, 9s. 6d.-North Western, 245.-West
Ili ling Union, 4/. 95.-Grand Union, 13s. 6d.-Leicester and Bedford,
118. 6d.

MEETING OF THE GENTRY OF MAYO.

The Freeman's Journal contains the following accoun,
of the county meeting in Mayo, where the leading gentry
appear determined, if possible, to evade the Labour Rate
Act upon various grounds, including the embarrassments
and incumbrances of landlords, whose properties they
consider in danger almost of confiscation, and a deputa-
tion has been appointed to proceed to London in the hope
of inducing Lord John Russell to adopt measures more
extensive for relief, and less burdensome upon the
landlords:—

" CASTLEBAR, SEPT. 12.—A very numerous meeting
of the magistrates and deputy lieutenants of this county
was held here this day in the grand jury room of the
court-house, in pursuance of a circular addressed to them
for that purpose by the Earl of Lucan, Lieutenant of
Mayo. Amongst those who attended I observed the
Marquis of Sligo, Earl of Lucan, Colonel Knox Gore
(Lieutenant of Sligo county), Sir R. A. O'Donnell,
Bart., Sir William O'Malley, Knt., Valentine O'Conor
Blake, Andrew Crean Lyncu, Geoffry Martyn, _Michael
B. Bermingham, John Brown, Courtney Kenny, Colonel
John Browne, Walter J. Burke, Denis Bingham, Thomas
V. Clendenning, John Garveys, Esqrs., and about forty
other magistrates from all parts of the county.
" The meeting was held with closed doors, the reporters
of the public press and all other persons being refused
admittance; the object of the meeting (as stated in Lord
Lucan's circular) was to consider the distressed state of
the county, in consequence of the loss of the potato crop.
The magistrates continued in deliberation for nearly
three hours, and the subjects discussed, as well as I could
ascertain them from some of the magistrates who were
present, in casual conversations subsequent to the meet-
ing, were to the following effect:—
First—That the landlord who might be disposed to
avail himself of the recent Drainage Act, by borrowing
money from Government, to employ his tenantry and
improve his property, and thereby increase its value,
would, under the subsequent Act, called the Labour
Rate Act, be placed in a worse position than the land-
lord who declined to avail himself of the Drainage Act,
and ofcourse gave no employment to his tenantry, because
the repayments to Government were, by and under
the Labour Rate Act, charged alike upon the lands of the
improving and uuimproving landlords, thereby in effect
compelling the improving landlord to pay an increased
proportion of these repayments in consequence of the
increased value of his property, while he had at the same
time to repay Government the moneys advanced to
enable him to effect these improvements ; thus doubly
taxing him, as it were, as a penalty for giving employment
to his tenantry.
" Secondly—That the Labour Rate Act, if put in
execution to the extent which would be requisite to give
employment and food to -the enormous number of families
who stand in need of it, would in its effect be an almost
confiscation of property, and be productive of disastrous
consequences to all landlords, but particularly so to
those whose properties are encumbered or embarrassed,
and it was added the tenant must suffer accordingly.
" Thirdly—That Government did not seem to be fully
aware of the extent of the existing and forthcoming des-
titution, and had not made sufficient provision to meet
the calamity.
" Four.thly—That in order to enlighten the Govern-
ment upon these several points, and to induce them to
grant additional relief in the shape of same great national
works; such as railways, &c., &c., a deputation should
proceed to London immediately, to wait upon Lord John
Russell and other members of the Government."
The Dublin Evening Post remarks as follows upon the
extraordinary course adopted by the gentry of Mayo :
" The resolutions, which were prepared by Lord Lucan,
object to the double burden inflicted by the Drainage
Act, and the Labour Rate or Extraordinary Present-
ment Sessions Act, the latter of which would bear
as heavily upon those landlords who should afford
employment by drainage, as upon proprietors
who totally neglected- that salutary mode of at
once improving the soil and providing labour for
the peasantry. Why should not the large .proprietors,
who attended this meeting, co-operate in seeking ad-
vances under the Drainage Act, fur employment on a
large scale ? Even though there might be some few
landlords in a district so utterly neglectful of their inte-
rests, as well as their duties, as to refuse their co-opera-
tion, yet the amount of presentments required would be I
comparatively small in districts where employment
should be provided under the Drainage Act. Further-
more,
the landlords who avail mselves of the advances
or drainage would obtain th requisite amount upon

THE SUN, LON'bON, FRI'DAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER 18, 1846

LEAVING WORK WITHOUT
NOTICE.
INIPORTA NT DECISION.
(From the Manchester Guardian.)
On Sa'urday, et the Por eigh Court, Stockport, Charles
Potts, William Eye, and James Pattison, workers for
Messrs. Kershaw, Leese, and Co., of Mersey Mills, ap-
peared to answer informations, charging them with leav-
ing the service of their employers without notice or per-
mission, and before the term for which they were en-
gaged had expired.
Mr. Thomas Eskrigge, of the firm, appeared in per-
son, along with his attorney, Mr. William Vaughan ;
Mr. J. P. Roberts, the miners' "attorney-general," ap-
peared for the defendants.
The case of Charles Potts was first taken.
Mr. Vaughan, for the complainant, stated that the
defendant Potts was engaged by an overlooker named
Jackson, whom he should call, upon the usual terms—
viz., that he should give a week's notice whenever he
left. Potts was a frame spinner, and he continued to
work up to the time of the present complaint. Last
Thursday, it happened that the defendant, with others,
was using a particular kind of rovings. They were of a
rather softer nature than usual, and the manager wished
to employ them temporarily on that kind of work, in
order to prevent them from stopping altogether. De-
fendant at once raid they would not do the work, but
would rather leave. Jackson replied that they were, of
course, at liberty to leave on giving the usual notice, but
they still persisted that they would leave rather than do
the work, and they accordingly did leave, and had not
since returned to the mill. Prior to their leaving, it was
stated that the fresh rovings, such as they had been
working upon, and did not object to, would be supplied
to them again.
Joseph Jackson was then called, and examined by
Mr. Vaughan—ls overlooker of spinners. Engaged the
defendant Potts to work in the employ of Messrs. Ker_
shaw, Leese, and Co., nearly two months ago. En-
gaged him on the usual terms, to give and take a week's
notice, according to their rules. Defendants went away
on the Thursday morning at half-past nine o'clock; their
week's work is made up on the Thursday night. They
receive notice at four o'clock on Saturday afternoon.
There is a notice to that effect up in the room where the
defendant worked.
This notice, pasted on a board, was here put in. It
was as follows :
" Notice.—All persons now working, or hereafter
coming to work, on these premises, are required to give
a full week's notice previous to leaving their employ-
ment, and such notice to be given by four o'clock on the
Saturday afternoon.
" Mersey Mills, July, 1845."
The notice was also put up in different parts of the
mill. Some rovings of a softer nature than usual had
been given out to the defendant, with others. They
were from Dyer's frame bobbins, and the others of a
better quality were from press frame bobbins. Defen-
dant abruptly refused to do the work on any account,
and said he would leave rather than do it. Told him
and others if they did leave, it must be with notice. The.
soft rovings would, perhaps, have lasted that day out.
Had supplied them with soft rovings, that the machinery
might not be kept standing, and they remain idle. Thai
was the reason ; had done it for the defendant's good ;
not that he was to continue on that work constantly,
but only until the better rovings were ready.
By the Bench—When he engaged the defendants, they
were not to do any particular kind of work. Did not
say that they were to have press bobbins or jack frame
bobbins. There was no difference that he knew of in
the prices given. The work proposed to them would
not have made one penny difference in the defendant's
wages for that week.
Cross-examined by Mr. Roberts--Told them that the
soft rovings were only put in while the others were got
ready. They said they would not do it. There was no
extra work required. They said if he (witness) would
pay them something extra for that kind of work, they
would do it. Said he would not, that it was not a prac•
tice of the mill ; that there would be no alteration, and
that there was no need of any. Defendants had been
working press bobbing, and the work they were required
to attempt was Dyer's frame bobbins. Press and Dyer's
are both made from the same quality of cotton, but press
makes the better rovings. The difference is, that press
rovings have a twist in them which Dyer's have not.
Part of the duties of a spinner are performed by his
piecer ; the piecer is paid so much a week by his
spinner. That is an arrangement between the parties.
On Thursday morning the defendants were required
to work Dyer's rovings. The requirement was
made on the Wednesday evening, and on Thurs-
day morning again ; but between the Wednesday
evening and the Thursday morning, they had worked
press bobbins. Saw Potts take his Dyer's bobbins out,
and he told him (witness) he was afraid he was going to
take some advantage of him. They refused to work
Dyer's bobbins on the Wednesday, the same as on the
Thursday. Did not know whether the same wages were
paid for Dyer's as for press bobbins. That was a ques-
tion for the master to determine. They did not spin
Dyer's regularly. Could not speak to the practice of
other mills. Had worked Dyer's bobbins before, and
paid for those and press both alike. Would swear that
had been the case. The spinners were paid so much a
thousand. There was no difference in the wages
of the spinners they had, between Dyer's and press
bobbins ; only in the former case the spinner was
allowed a bobbiner to creel them. (Mr. Roberts,
mistaking the terms used by the witness, repeated,
with solemnity and emphasis, "A bobbiner to clean
them." Taking advantage of the circumstance,
Mr. Vaughan observed, "So much for a bid at
popular applause.") The bobbiner was not employed
when they were working press work. When Dyer's
was done, an additional bobbiner was allowed. The
master paid the bobbiner. A mule was divided into
boxes ; each box contained 16 ends or spindles, and
there were 576 spindles in each mule. The defendant had
14 boxes in his mule. Each of the defendants had to do
four boxes, so that three and a half men were together
to do the same work that one man would have to do if
he was working entirely Dyer's work. Six shillings a
week was paid to the bobbiner who assists the man who
does Dyer's work. The bobbiner's name was Thomas
Kershaw. He (Kershaw) worked at the same pair of
mules that Potts did. The work required from Potts
was as nearly as possible one-third of what had been
done by Kershaw on the Dyer's work. Did not pay
Kershaw himself ; his wages were given him in the
warehouse. Did not tell defendants on Wednesday
evening that they might go home when they
refused to work the Dyer's bobbins. Told them
when the Dyer's bobbins were out they would have
more press to go on with. Never said anything about
going to gaol. Believed the master had never men-
tioned that word. Master told defendants, in his hear-
ing, that he would not let them off so easily as the
others had been ; that he should not be satisfied with
their paying the costs merely if they did not give proper
notice. The bobbiner he had spoken of was allowed
for Dyer's work at that time, because they were then
on inferior work. He believed there were better Dyer's
bobbins in the creel when the defendants gave over,
than the press ones they had previously been working.
The quantity of Dyer's bobbins he wanted to put in
would have made no difference in the defendant's
wages. Supposing they had worked all Dyer's work,
they could not have earned quite so much as at the
press bobbins ; not far from it, however, when allow-
ance was made for the extra assistance of the bobbin-
ner, as well as for the time during which the creels
were stopped and put in a position for the other bob-
bins. It would have taken, perhaps, two hours to alter
the creel, and during that time the defendants would
have been earning nothing. They were not paid by
their time, but by their labour. The duty of the piecer
was to put the bobbins in and keep the mules clean. The
relative duration in time between the press and dyer's
bobbins depended upon the yarn from which they were
spun. On the average, the same number of each would
be put in each day. There were 576 spindles in a couple
of mules working press work, 288 spindles in each mule.
The weight of a press bobbin was seven ounces ; of a
dyer's, six ounces. The press was stronger and had a
twist in it, which accounted for the additional weight.
A piecer's duty was to piece up the ends. It depended
upon the nature of the material, and the number of hanks
whether there were more ends in the dyer's or the press
bobbins. Could give no answer as to any average in the ,
matter.
The witness hesitated in many of his replies, evidently
perplexed by the ignorance of the details of the business
displayed by the advocate in his cross-examination. See-
ing which,

very advantageous terms, and they could not possibly
adopt a more secure and profitable mode of obtaining a
return for the outlay. It appears to us, then, that the
objections referring to the possible refusal of some land-
loech: to co-operate have really no foundation.
" Another ohjection, made in the Mayo resolutions, is
of a totally different character, namely, that the Labour
Rate Act, if put into operation to the extent
required by the di>tress, would be tantamount
almost to a confiscation of the property of landlords,
especially of those who are deeply involved by in-
cumbrances, and that tenants as well as proprietors
must suffer from this cause. For landlords who are
so embarrassed that they can neither pay their portion
of a tax rendered inevitable by a terrible national ca-
lamity, nor avail themselves of loans to improve their
properties, and at the same time greatly lessen that
tax, we fear there is no remedy. The people must be
saved from starvation, and the land, no matter what
may be the circumstances of the owner, must bear its
proportion of the burden. As to the allegations of
ruin to the farmer who rents the land, we hold it be
mere childishness.

" We further learn that the meeting appointed a
deputation, consisting of Lords Lucan and Sligo, P. C.
Lynch, Esq., the high sheriff, Sir R. O'Donnell, and
Colonel Gore, to proceed to London, with a view of im-
pressing upon the Government the necessity of adopting
different and more extensive measures of relief and em-
ployment. As the meeting was not a public one we are
compelled to take at second hand the preceding version
of the resolutions. Another county meeting is to be held
on Thur,day next, and as the deputation is not to pro-
ceed to London until after that day, we trust that some
more practical course may be determined upon by the
gentry of Mayo."

LORD HAWARDEN AND HIS TENANTRY.
The following explanatory letter appears in the
Dublin Evening Post, suppl) ing an omission in the state-
ment which appeared in the Morning Chronicle of
Monday :

" et. 14, 1846.
" In the letter I addressed to you on She 10th instant,
regarding the case of the widow Crowe and Lord Ha-
warden's tenants, there is an omission, which I would
deem culpable, if it were intentional. In the eighth
sentence of the second paragraph, after the word ' only,'
I omitted the words ' about twelve barrels of barley.'
The sentence ought to run thus :--‘ And she had only
about twelve barrels of barley, and one stack of wheat,
containing about five barrels,' &c.
" Since I wrote to you I have been informed that the
bailiff has offered to leave her the barley not then cut
down, if :•he would thrash the wheat and hand over the
price of it to the agent ; but she, I hear, considered both
wheat and barley insufficient to enable her to till and
sow her little farm, and feed herself and the eight or-
phans for the year."

EMIGRATION TO SOUTH AMERICA.
The following letter appear in the Cork Examiner,
addressed to J. F. Maguire, Esq., the proprietor of that
journal.

"Dear Sir,--As I know that you are always ready to
assist your countrymen in distress, I beg to inform you
that we shall be in want of many good labourers and
tradesmen as soon as the affairs of the River Plate will
be settled. I wish you would insert it in your paper,
and hope that some of the Repeal gentlemen will do
their utmost to encourage the Government to assist them
that have no money to pay their passage, and we have
heard here that many are willing to leave the country,
particularly from the west of Ireland, but they can't
raise the money. They can get from ten to twelve
shillings per day, and provisions are cheap here—meat
2n. per Ib, and bread id. per lb. By giving this inform-
ation thr(:ugh your valuable paper, you would oblige
many of your countrymen. Three men to one woman
would du for the present.

"J. O'NEILL,

" Monte Video, June 25, 1846."
ADDRESS OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF
THE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH TO LORD
BESBOROTJG H.
This day a deputation from the ministers and ruling
elders of the Presbyterian Church in Ireland, composed
of the Rev. P. Morgan, moderator, and the Rev. Mesrs.
Stewart, Young, and Wilson, waited upon his Excellency
the Earl of Be,borough, at the Vice-regal Lodge, to pre-
sent an address. The Rev. Gentlemen were most kindly
received by his Excellency, to whom the Rev. Mr.
Morgan read the address, as follows :
" May it please your Excellency—We, her Majesty's
most dutiful and loyal subjects, the ministers and ruling
elders of the General Assembly of the Presbyterian
Church in Ireland, embrace the earliest opportunity
since your Excellency's arrival in this country to offer
our respectful congratulations to your Excellency on
your appointment to the Viceregal Government of Ire-
land. Deeply attached as we are to British connexion,
we do not consider any nobleman in the United Kingdom
as a stranger or an alien ; yet, we must confess that we
feel peculiar interest in approaching a Viceroy who is a
native of our island, and a n ,bleman so distinguished by
generous and philanthropic exertions for the prosperity
of the country.
" We dare not boast of our worth, but we are thank-
ful to Almighty God that he has enabled the people
under our care, by industry, peaceableness, and regu-
larity, to render the portion of the country in which.
they live no disgrace to the empire, and but little ex-
pensive to the Government.
" We lament to state that the calamity which it has
pleased Almighty God to inflict upon the world at large,
in the destruction of the potata crop, has fallen upon
our people. They were last year subjected to the loss
of at least one-half of this crop, in the present they
have lost all—yet they have hitherto been no burthen
to the country. Into the other provinces Government
have been obliged to send both money and provisions to
prevent actual starvation, and much greater supplies
appear to be in those localities still required, while into
Ulster little or nothing of the kind was introduced.
" What may be the effect of this year's calamity we
are unable to conjecture. The present prospects are
dark and threatening ; but our people are taught and are
accustomed to put their trust in Him who feeds the
raven of the valley, and we trust that by His blessing
upon their patience and industry, they will be enabled
to submit to and to bear whatever His providence may
lay upon them: We have the fullest confidence in your
Excellency's paternal care over us, and all portions of the
community. We are assured that in any emergency
which may arise, our people may rely upon receiving
from your Excellency every aid and encouragement
within your Excellency's power.
" We and our people shall continue, as we have been
accustomed to do, to plead at a thronra of grace, that the
King of kings may shower down his choicest blessings
upon our beloved sovereign and her family, and nume-
rous subjects, and that a large portion of the same bles-
sings may descend upon your Excellency's person, house.
hold, and government.
" Signed in the name of the General Assembly of
the Presbyterian Church in Ireland, at Belfast,
this 27th day of August, 1846.
"THOMAS M. REID
"JAMES MORGAN, Moderator.
"ROBERT PARK, 'c
Clerks"
His Excellency returned the following reply :
" Gentlemen—l receive with the greatest satisfaction
the congratulations of a body so distinguished as the
Presbyterians of Ireland have ever been for their
loyalty to their Sovereign and attachment to the British
constitution.

" I am too well aware of the awful dispensation of
Providence, which has deprived so large a portion of the
people of this country of that crop on which their ex-
istence almost depends ; but it is satisfactory to me to
know that they bear their sufferings with resignation to
the will of God.

" As an Irish proprietor, I am aware of the wants and
deprivations to which so large a portion of the people of
this country are constantly subjected, and of the patient
endurance which they have always exhibited.
" On that forbearance I rely for being able to conduct
the government under this most pressing difficulty; and
you may be assured of my inclination to watch over the
interests confided to me with anxious solicitude, and
with a determination to see those measures which the
Legislature has placed at my disposal carried into opera-
tion as efficiently as it is possible for me to do by any
exertion it is in my power to make."

The Chief Secretary and Mrs. Labouchere, entertained
at dinner, on Friday, Sept. 12, Le Compte A. de-Jobal,
lion. Mr. and Mrs. Daly, the Dean of St. Patrick's, Sir
Thomas Esmonde, Dr. Hinds, Mrs. Williams, Colonel
and Mrs. M‘Gregor, Colonel Jones, Mr. and Mrs.
George Roe, Mr., Mrs., and Miss Hatchell, Mr. Sausse,
Mr. Conellan, and Mr. Vignolles.
Luke Joseph Shea, Esq., of the Rennies, county Cork,
has been restored by the Lord Chancellor to the com-
mission of the peace for that county.
About eleven o'clLek on Friday night as a car, laden
with corn, the property of Hugh Singleton, Esq., of
Hazlewood, accompanied by two caretakers, was pro-
ceeding 0) the market of Limerick, on reaching a place,
known by the name of Moll Ryan's Cross, situate be-
tween Knoppogue and Rachluba, the men were pelted
with stones from behind a wall. While they-were run-
ning to the opposite side for shelter, a shot was fired
from the same direetion that the stones came from, and
the horse was wounded in the side by slugs. The men
immediately turned the horse and brought back the load
of corn.—Clare Journal.

—Mr. Eskrigge, addressing the witness, said—Joseph,
give your answers as pointediy and direct as possible.
Mr. Roberts, upon this, observed to the witness—
Now, Sir, you have received your instructions, follow
them.
Mr. Eskrigge begged to observe that the witness had
never received any instructions at all.
Corns-examination continued—The breakages were
not so frequent as some folks represented ; that de-
pended upon the numbers they were spinning. The
average might be from thirty to sixty in a day ; but it
dependecLupon the manner in which the material was
used. Could not say whether the breakages were more
frequent with Dyer's than press bobbins. Dyer's make
more dirt than press bobbins. The scavengers cleaned
the dirt away. The piecer cleaned the spindles and
rollers. Some of the manufacturers in Stockport had
both press and Dyer's work going on. Did not know,
even as matter of common rumour, that they paid more
for Dyer's than for press work.
Mr. Vaughan—Oh, don't let us have anything on
rumour, if you please.
Mr. Roberts begged he might not be interrupted. The
liberties of five individuals were at stake, and that was a
very grave responsibility to be entrusted in the hands of
one advocate.

GREAT SOUTHERN AND WESTERN RAILWAY, IRE-
LAND.--Open to Carlow, 56i miles. Return of traffic
for the week ending Saturday, Sept. 12, 1846 :__pas.
sengers only, 1,4891. 2s. Bd.

EMPLOYMENT IN HER MAJESTY'S DOCRYARDs.—
Wednesday notices were issued at Deptford Dockyard
that sixty shipwrights were required at the Royal Dock-
yard, Sheerness, for three months certain, and a number
of carpenters for labour and case-making at Deptford
Dockyard.
THE WELLINGTON STATUE.--We have just suc-
ceeded, through the agency of one of our most sagacious
scouts, in making a curious discovery with respect to
this much-taiked-of statue. The,public may often have
felt surprised that the Duke of Wellington should re-
main passive and quiet under the threatened indignity
which seems'to be in store for him. We have, however,
ascertained that an understanding has already been come
to with Sir F. Trench, that, if the statue should helve an
absurd effect, the head of the illustrious duke is to be
removed from his bronze shoulders, and that of Sir F.
Trench will be substituted ; so that Sir P. instead of
P. M. will be the object of ridicule. Under this promise
the duke has consented to await with patience the result
of the experiment. It would have been impossible to
take down the entire statue when it is once soldered to-
gether, but the exchange of heads is easily made ; while
that of Sir F. Trench, being exceedingly light, will be
lifted without difficulty. .There could not be a better
finish to the pile than that which it will probably re-
ceive ; and it is but fair that the only man who has
stuck up for the erection of the statue should be stuck
up with it, and be called upon, in fact, to give it his
countenance.. Punch.

The object of twisting the roving was to put more on
the bobbin, both a larger weight and quantity. The
rovings came to the spinner from the carder. Ilad made
no calculation as to the relative quantity that could be
made in a given time between the Dyer's and press
bobbins. The rovings were made on the premises. For
anything he (witness) knew to the contrary, the throstle
spinners were paid the same for both Dyer's and press
work. The hands worked so many hours to the day,
and days to the week, only when there was a stop-
page for roving. The stoppages were not very frequent.
Th defendant Potts had bad more than two whole
weeks work since he had been employed at their mill.
It had never happened that a man had been stopped for
roving three days out of the six. Potts might have been
off two days some weeks, being idle for want of rovings.
Re-examined by Mr. Vaughan—lntended to put sixty
Dyer's bobbins in each pair of mules, on the morning in
question: The quality of the cotton would have been
better than that of the press bobbins. The object of
furnishing them with Dyer's roving, was to prevent
them from stopping, so that they might go on earning
their wages. They would otherwise have had to stand.
half a day, if not more. Told them they would have
to stop, if they refused to go on with the Dyer's bob-
bins, until such time as they could have press bobbins to
pnt in. They would not have had to work the Dyer's
bobbins more than a day or two, perhaps, and then

THE COBDEN N
BUTE sAt asps-
The usual weekly meeting of the Manchester Com-
mittee, in connexion with the above fund, was held at
seven o'clock on Tuesday evening, in the League Room,
Newall's-buildings. There were present Mr...G. Wil-
son (in the chair), Messrs. Nodal, Barker, Armstrong,
Latham, Hampson, Prentice, B. Syddall, J. E. Hoyle. J.
Lees, and W. M`Ca,rtney. Mr. Paulson read the mi-
nutes of the last meeting, which were confirmed. The
Chairman then read the report of the progress of the
fund, during the past week, which stated that since the
last meeting tle fund had increased from 72,300/. to
73,4007., making an increase of upwards of 1,0001. during
the last week. Of this increase Manchester had contri-
buted 289/, is. 6d. ; Huddersfield, 6201. 15s.—(Hear.)
The subscriptions from Huddersfield (the Chairman
remarked) were accompanied by 1091. towards
" the Bright testimonial," and the parties were extremely
anxious that the two subscriptions should appear
conjointly, in the same advertisement, in the papers.
This would interfere somewhat with the arrangements
of the committee, but as the application was from such
zealous free-traders as the people of Huddersfield, their
wishes would be complied with. Wigan had contributed
27/., and Halifax 90/. ; the small subscriptions amounted
to 75/., making the total increase for the week 1,101/.
16s. 6d. It might be noticed (the Chairman observed)
that Mr. George Combe, who was known to those pre-
sent as having lectured at Manchester a few years since,
and his brother; Dr. Andrew Combe, physician to the
King of the Belgians, had each contributed 10/. to-
wards the fund, and sent a letter expressive of great
interest in the object. The fund in London was gra-
dually increasing, and a careful and systematic canvass
was being prosecuted. A letter had been received
from Mr. Harvey, of Dea, a lieutenant in the navy, in-
closing a card, with subscriptions to the amount of fire
guineas. The following were the names upon the card:—
Admiral Sir T. Trowbridge, Bart., M.P., 1/. ; Captain
Boys, R.N., Deal, I/. ; Mr. Harvey himself, 1/., and
other friends, at Deal, 2/. ss. During the whole of
the League proceedings (the Chairman continued) the
admirals and sailors were its best supporters in many of
those districts. The Chairman then read the letter,
which expressed a hope that Mr. Cobden might be per-
fectly restored to health, and yet be placed among the
rulers of this country. The Chairman, referring to the
postscript of the letter, said that the committee, when
the subscription was completed, would publish a list of
the subscribers, a copy of which would be sent to every
subscriber. He then read a letter from Mr. Adam
Corrie, of Wellingborough, in which, after speaking of
his own illness for nearly two years, the writer says :
" I feel most grateful to Mr. Cobden for his unwearied
exertions in promoting the best interests of all descrip•
tions of the people, whether they will own
it or not. I have enclosed five pounds, which
please add to the list of subscription. I sin-
cerely wish that Mr. Cobden may be restored
to perfect health, and that he may be spared for many
years to labour for the good of his fellow-man." The
Chairman said, that with the exception of Halifax and
Huddersfield, no reports had been received from the
towns in Yorkshire, which was owing to having been
engaged in preparing for the registration ; in another
fortnight it was expected that a satisfactory report
would be made. After a few additional remarks, the
Chairman called upon Mr. Nodal, who reported that
during the past week 901. 7s. had been subscribed in
small sums, which, in addition to 171. 25., made a total
of 408/. 2s. The sum promised was 10Z ss. 6d., and
the whole amounted to 5161. 17s. 7d. An additional
number of cards and books had also been distributed.
The Chairman said it should also be borne in mind that
the object of the committee was to get a large number
of subscribers, without reference so much to the large
amount of their subscriptions. They were anxious that
all peisons should have an opportunity of contributing
to the fund. It must be expected that the collection of
so considerable a sum was not to be effected in a
short time ; still there was nothing to show that it was
oat proceeding satisfactorily, or that much had been
neglected so far.—(Hear, hear.) The meeting, at its
rising, adjourned till Tuesday next.—Manchester
Guardian.

they would have been furnished with the bobbins they
usually worked.
This was the complainants' case.
Mr. Roberts then addressed the bench for the defence.
He appeared, he said, before them that day on behalf of a
large number of the working men of these districts, and not
only of these districts, but, he might also say, on behalf
of the spinners of the entire kingdom, to protest against
the fraud—for lie would not mince the matter—to pro-
test against the fraud attempted to be practised upon
them in this instance. The defendants were threatened
with a heavy imprisonment ; their master had boasted
that he would send them to prison. He seemed to think
he had the power of the bench ; contemplating, possibly,
the time when he should fill that high and distinguished
position, and speculating, probably, upon the weight of
his private and personal influence with the bench, he told
the defendants that he would send them to prison ; that
he would not let them off so easily as he had done the
others. But the defendants were there that day not on
their trial merely ; their master was there on his trial
also. He had attempted to practise upon the de-
fendants a gross fraud—gross, horrible, and tyran-
nical ; and if his (Mr. Roberts') attendance there
that day should end only in his saying so, he
had done something, for he had proclaimed the
opinion of the defendants, working men generally,
that the attempt to introduce a kind of work never bar-
gained for—never dreamt of—which other men were
paid higher wages for working, was a gross attempt at
cheating. He knew not whether this attempt was to be
followed by others of a similar kind, bnt if the principle
was once admitted, it was quite impossible to say where
it would end. Whether the master in this case con-
templated pursuing the practice in future he did not
know; but he hoped that he would receive a lesion from
the bench that would teach him that he was not quite so
omnipotent in Stockport as he had previously fancied
himself. The men came there not to be sent to gaol,
but to be protected against the tyranny of their master;
they threw themselves upon the bench for protection.
Regarding the merits of the case, there were at first two
issues to be tried, since reduced to one; the first was,
whether the master required the men to do a different
work to that which they had been accustomed to do; and,
secondly, whether the work was of a harder kind. The
question was now reduced to the latter consideration
alone. It mattered not whether the work of a single day
was or was not divided among three men. Cheating for
an hour, or for a moment, was the same in principle as
cheating for a day, for seven days, a month, or a year.
Only let so dangerous a precedent be set, and it would at
once be followed by all other cotton spinners. Only let
it go forth that Eskrigge got one day's work more from
his men, and other cotton spinners would immediately
follow the example. Who would say that, if the men
worked an hour under such circumstances, they should
not work longer? If Eskrigge, by a cheat, was allowed
to tax the labours of his men for a single hour, who
should say where it was to end? His instructions were
that in other parts of the country Dyer's work was paid
for in the same proportion to the press work. As to the
agreement. In law it was no agreement at all. It was
not even in pursuance of the terms of the information.
In law the agreement ought to be full and plain with
the parties at the time ; the party ought not to be left
to derive his knowledge from something stuck upon a
wall, as in this case. The agreement put in stated that
the man should give a week's notice, but it did not say
the master should. Now no agreement in England was
binding where it was not mutual. He had tried the
question in the Court of Queen's Bench, before Lord
Denman, and it had been decided in his favour. Let,
therefore, the cotton-spinners of Stockport know it,
that any such agreement must be mutually binding on
both parties. There was no doubt upon this point.
He should have no hesitation in appealing to them upon
the point, even supposing there was no law upon the
case ; but as there was, and as it was in his favour,
he asked them to set their faces against the fraud to
be perpetrated by such an agreement as that put in.
The agreement put in was neither consistent with com-
mon sense nor justice ; it said, in effect, that the mas-
ter should have the power of turning the man away
at a moment's notice, and the man should be compelled
to give the master a week's notice. In the circuit of
Mr. Maude's jurisdiction, at Manchester, the master was
bound by an agreement as well as his men. There was
a case in point, "Sykes v. Dixon," in the 9th vol. of
Adolphus and Ellis' Reports. A workman had left the
plaintiff's service and gone to work for the defendant.
Plaintiff brought his action for harbouring the workman.
An agreement similar to that in this case was put in,
but was eventually set aside for want of mutuality ; it
was all on one side—there was no corresponding agree-
ment on the part of the master, similar to that which
bound the man. Resting upon this case, therefore, as
to the point raised, he contended that a contract to
hold good in law must be mutually binding upon both
parties. But supposing it were otherwise, then the infor-
mation was good for nothing. The information was, that
"Charles Potts, of the township of Stockport, did, on
the sth September instant, contract and engage with
Thomas Eskrigge, a spinner, for the term of one.whole
week, such contract being carried on between the said
parties to continue from week to week, until one party
shall give the other thereto one clear week's notice to
dissolve and determine the same." This information
was most accurately drawn and printed, but it mis-stated
the date and day of the commencement of the defendant's
service by a period of six weeks. He had now stated
his preliminary objections, and should pause for Mr.
Vaughan's reply. If the Bench thought there was any
weight in them the case would be at an end ; if not, he
was prepared to proceed.
Mr. Vaughan said the contract was made when the
defendants first commenced working for the com-
plainants. He had proved, by evidence, that they were
mutually to give and take notice ; and the contract was
a continuing one from that time to the present. He
proposed to recall the witness Jackson to speak to that
fact.

TESTIMONIALS to the EXECUTIVE
COUNCIL OF THE LATE ANTI-CORN-LAW
LEAGUE.

(From the Manchester Guardian).
It will be recollected that at the great meeting held in
Manchester on the 2d of July last, for the purpose of
dissolving the Anti-Corn-law League, it was determined
to acknowledge the exertions of the various members of
the executive council, by the presentation of some public
testimonial. On that occasion Mr. William Rathbone,
of Liverpool, moved the following resolution, and it was
at once adopted by the assembly:—." That the members
of the Executive Council of the League are entitled to
the warmest gratitude of the League and of the country,
for their high-principled, laborious, and most successful
exertions, during the seven years of our constitutional
agitation; and that a committee be appointed, consisting
of Joseph Brotherton, Esq., M.P., and such gentlemen
as may be associated with himself, to determine on some
suitable testimonial to be presented to those gentlemen
out of the funds of the League."
In accordance with this resolution, Mr. BROTITERT&T,
M.P., requested Mr. George Wilson, late chairman, of
the League, and Mr. Alderman Harvey, of Salford, to
determine with him the best mode of carrying out the
wishes of the meeting ; and, after a little conversation,
they resolved to present a handsome service of plate to
each of the following gentlemen, the members of the
executive council:—Mr. Archibald Prentice, who had
attended the committee meetings 1,127 times; Mr.
Samuel Lees, 862 times ; Mr. William Rawson, 601
times ; Mr. Thomas Woolley, 485 times ; Mr. William
Bickham, 474 times ; Mr. William Evans, 444 times ;
and Mr. H. Rawson, 258 times. On Saturday evening
last these gentlemen were invited by Mr. Brotherton
and his associates to partake of tea, in the council room
of the League, in Newall's-builings, Market-street.
After tea, Mr. Brotherton took the chair, and the tes-
timonials to the gentlemen above-named were brought
into the room. Each consists of a complete silver coffee
service, with silver tea-urn, and a large splendid salver.
The urns are of the Etruscan form and style, the
handles being richly worked with foliage, the body
elaborately adorned with emblematic ornaments, inter-
spersed with scrolls, and the tops are surmounted with
beautiful representations of three sheaves of wheat.
The large salver is richly ornamented with a scroll
border interspersed with wheat sheaves, and bearing the
devices of the bee-hive, the cornucopia, and sailing and
steam ships (all admirably executed), emblematic of in-
dustry, plenty, and commerce. These emblems are also
elaborately worked on the whole of the service, the
sugar basin and cream ewer being richly gilt inside.
Each service was contained in a substantial oak plate-
chest, with brass inscriptions, and having separate par-
titions for the various articles. Of these services there
were five sets; but to meet the wishes of Mr. Woolley,
the committee presented to him a magnificent silver
epergne with a plateau or stand, of equal value with
the other testimonials. This epergne was elaborately
worked with similar emblematic ornaments, with four
branches of frosted silver, and was placed upon an ele-
gant plateau, eighteen inches in diameter, with a richly-
chased border of grapes and vine leaves.
Mr. BROTHERTON, M.P., in presenting the testimo-
nials, briefly alluded to the resolution we have given
above, and then expressed a wish that it should be un-
derstood and generally known that these tributes were
not meant as rewards, but simply as an acknowledgment
of the deep debt of gratitude which the public owed to
the members of the executive council of the League,
who had, by their persevering conduct, performed such
services to their country ; services which it was impos-
sible fully to estimate, and which would produce
never-ending harvest of good to the nation. In esti-
dmiffiatcinugltitehsowsehiscehrvh
a°lnidectinthoerdgreretaot
iaccle sb
etehne they
n esohuonutledr orge,c
into account the circumstancesin which theywere placed.
appreciate the labours of the council, they must take
They should consider the state of the public mind at the
time the League first commenced operations, and they
must add to that the fact that the population was
uninstructed to a considerable extent in the princi-
ples of free trade ; nor must they forget that they had
not only to oppose a Parliament of monopolists, but the
monopolist principles of the landowner, the West India
planter, and the Canadian shipowner, for whose benefit
taxes had been imposed upon corn, sugar, and timber. It
was impossible, when they viewed the triumph which
had been accomplished, and the difficulties which had
been overcome, to estimate the value of the services ren-
dered by these gentlemen in directing the movements of
the League, but he was satisfied that, by their exertions,
principles had been established which would tend to the
general happiness of mankind.—(Hear, hear.) He
esteemed it a great honour to have had the privilege of
being made the organ of the League for the presentation
of those memorials to the members of their executive
council for their eminent services in brining about the
repeal of the corn-laws, and establishing free-trade prin-
ciples for all the nations of the earth. He would only
add, that he wished them all health and happiness long to
enjoy the fruits of their triumph ; and he trusted that
when they saw those testimonials occasionally upon
their tables, they would be reminded of the past, and
be gratified by the recollection at the result of their la-
bours. Their names would be handed down to poste-
rity with respect and esteem ; they would be remem-
bered by their countrymen of the present times with
pride and respect, and by nations yet unborn with gra-
titude and veneration.—(Approbation.)
Mr. Brotherton then formally presented the testi-
monials.

Mr. Roberts objected. A printed notice had been put
in ; by that, he contended, the Bench must be guided.
and that no parole evidence could afterwards be ad-
mitted.
Mr. Vaughan rejoined that he had proied the terms of
the contract by evidence ; the printed form put in was
not that agreement, but merely a general notification to
the hands.
The Bench retired to deliberate and decide upon the
objections. Having been absent about twenty minutes,
they returned into Court, when
Mr. Newton, the Chairman, said, we have considered
the objections, and we think them good, therefore we
dismiss the case altogether. It is upon the ground that
the agreement put in by the complainants is not the
same that was made in the first instance, and that they
ought, as is understood from the notices issued out in the
town, to use the proper form, which would be binding on
both parties.
Mr. Eskrigge—That, sir, is up in the lodge.
Sir R. Pendlebury—lf you had put that in instead of
the one you did, the case would have been altered.
Mr. Vaughan—l believe it is my mistake.: Like my
friend Mr. Roberts, I was only spoken to about half an
hour before I came into Court, and, therefore, in that
respect we were about on an equality.
Mr. Newton—The case has been very ably argued on
both sides.
Mr. Roberts—l wish all the magistrates in other dis-
tricts used the same precaution.
Mr. Newton—lt is rather unfortunate that the notice
was produced at all.
Mr. Eskrigge—They are all aware of it, sir, and
these men (the defendants) knew it too.
Mr. Roberts—You must not send them to gaol this
time, Mr. Eskrigge.
Mr. Eskrigge—Not this time, sir.
Mr. Roberts applied for costs, but they were not
allowed.
The case lasted fully two hours and a half. The
magistrates on the bench were Mr. Newton, Mr. Baker,
Mr. Wilkinson, Sir R. Pendlebury, and the Rev. C. K.
Prescott, rector.
We insert the form of notice alluded to in the above
as that which ought to have been used. It constitutes
the rule by which the decisions of the Bench are now in
all cases guided:—
" NOTICE.—PETTY SESSIONS, DEC, 5, 1838.—As
great number of cases are brought before the borough
magistrates which arise from disputes between masters
and their workpeople in the cotton manufacture and the
other manufactures which are carried on in this borough,
the magistrates give this public notice, as a general
guide to all parties concerned:—
" That the general custom in this neighbourhood, and
the only one recognised by the magistrates, is a week's
wages and a week's notice.
" That any party in a case in future depending before
the borough magistrates, wishing to prove a contrary
custom, will be required to prove that a printed or
written notice, varying this general custom, has been
publicly posted in the room in which the workman was
employed, or an agreement in writing, signed by the
parties, varying that custom.
" Any person leaving his employment without no-
tice, except in those cases where notice is dispensed
with by both parties, forfeits by law any wages for that
portion of the week during which he has worked, in
addition to rendering himself liable to punishment by
imprisonment.
" No service where notice is requisite can be termi-
nated without the full notice, except by the consent of
both parties, or by the gross misconduct of either party;
and any person alleging such misconduct will be required
to produce strict proof of the fact.
" The better way, in all cases, if practicable, is to ter-
minate the service by the regular notice, or bring the
charges for misconduct before the magistrates for their
adjudication. " R. PENDLEBURY, Mayor.
" JONATHAN THORNHILL.
" W. B. WORTHINGTON.
" JOHN SLACK."

THE SOUTH LONDON FLORICULTURAL SOCIETY.—
The annual show of dahlias, and a collection of miscel-
laneous flowers and plants, under the arrangements of
this Society, took place on Wednesday, in the grounds of
the Surrey Zoological Gardens. The show itself was a
more than usually good one, the flowers being in shape
and colour very superb, and some of the specimens being
peculiarly tine. The whole wore arranged and classified
beneath large tents provided for the purpose. A great
number of prizes were awarded, consisting of gold and
silver medals. The gold Adelaide medal was won by
Mr. Weedon, for the best 24 dahlias, dissimilar blossoms;
and in class second a similar medal was won by Mr.
Cutter for 24 dahlias, dissimilar blossoms. The gardens
were crowded towards evening by the patrons of flori-
culture and by those who came to witness the fireworks
and the more general entertainments. The fireworks
were, on this occasion, particularly splendid ; Mr.
Seuthby exerted his pyrotechnic talent to a very good
purpose, and produced some grand effects. In additi n
to the usual instrumental performers, a brass band was
in attendance, and a variety of entertainments kept the
visitors in the best humour, The gardens are in beauti-
ful order; in spite of the long drought, the verdure is
magnificent, and the trees and shrubs in fine condition.
Great praise is due to those who have the management
rrt,-"In

Mr. Alderman HARVEY, in expressing his concur-
rence in the observations of the chairman, remarked
that it might have been expected some more public oc-
casion should have been taken to present these memo-
rials to the members of the excutive council ; but as
they had carried on their valuable labours velithout
ostentation, it was, in his opinion, the most fitting
course to reward their exertions in a quiet and unos-
tentatious manner, without any public demonstration.
Mr. PRENTICE, on behalf of himself and those who
had been associated with him, said he had felt deeply
grateful for the handsome manner in which their ser-
vices had been acknowledged. These splendid testimo-
nials would be valuable and gratifying to themselves and
their families, as a proof, not only of the gratitude, but
Of the justice of the League towards those who had un-
dertaken to do its work.
Mr. WILLIAM EVANS alio acknowledged the high
compliment which had been paid to himself and col-
leagues, and remarked that it was a subject of general
regret amongst them that it was impossible to include
numbers of other gentlemen, whose services in the cause
had been invaluable, in so honourable a distinction. Ifo
was sure, however, that the members of the executive
council were extremely proud of the compliment paid to
them, and that they would always regard it with feelings
of gratitude and satisfaction, associated as it was with
one of the greatest struggles for public usefulness in.
jo
ined.
The any body of men had ever
The met:time than separated.

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