The Sun.
London, England, 1846-02-07 00:00:00

LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING SU N, FEBRUARY 7, 1846.

TO RAILWAY PROPRIETORS AND SILARISMOSIMIS.
MESSRS. WICKHAM and CO., Share
Auctioneers, inform their friends and the public, that their
PUBLIC SALES Or RAILWAY MURES, &c., are held *very
MONDAY and THURSDAY, at the MILL F COMMERCI,
Threadneedle street, London, to which place, or to the °lnce of the
iienetioncers, 22, Threadneedle-street, all favours and instractions are
equetited to be addressed.
All Scrip and Share Certifieates must be forwarded to or deposited
at the otlee of the Auctioneers, as above, at least the day preceding
the day of public sale, aid advice; of the result of the sales will be
forwarded by the Vet pest after the silo, awl the proceeds Masse-
dlately disposed of according to instractious.
SCALE OF ClAMAlll.—linder 201., Is. per skive; SHOT 51111., Is. 641.,
ander lOW., Se. 6d.; and is. for all above.

NOR PH WALES RAILWAY.
GENEKAL MEETING.
Notice is hereby given, that the Ordinary or Half-yearly GENE-
RAL MEETING of the SKAKEHOLDENS of the North Wales
Railway Company will be held at the LONDON TAVERN, Bishops-
gate-street, in the City of London, en THUZSDAT, the 26th day of
February next, at One •'clock in the afternoon precisely, for the
transaction of the ordinary business of the Company, in pursuance of
the North Wales Railway Act, 1545, and of the other general Acts of
Parliament relating to railways.
And notice is hereby further gives, that the Tteoks for the Regis-
tratien of Transfers will be closed on and after the 16th day of
February next, until such half-yearly general meeting shall have
been held

By order of the Board,
JOlll MARRINEE, Secretary.
1, Guildhall Chambers, Basinghall-street, Jan. 29, 1145.

MIDLAND RAILWAY.
The Midland Railway Company are prepared to receive
LOANS on SECURITY of their DEBENTURES, for periods of
Three, Five, or Seven Years, in sums of not less than 1,0001. each,
at inte.rest after the rate of 41. per cent. per annum, papable half
yearly.
Applications to be made to the Secretary, at tke Cempaay's
Office, Derby.

_
By order,
January 2S, 1846.

J. F. BELL, Secretary.

THE BIRKENHEAD, CHESTER, MOLD,
RUABON, AND YALE OF LLANGOLLEN RAILWAY
COMPANY.

UNITED KIN GDOM LIFE ASSURANCE
COMPANY,
8, WATERLOO-PLACE, PALL-MALL, LONDON.
Established by Act of Parliament In 1534.
DIVISION OF PROFITS AMONG THE ASSURED.
DIRECTORS.
JAMES STUART, Esq., Chairman
HANANEL DE CASTRO, Esq., Deputy-Chairman.
Samuel Anderson, Esq. Charles Graham, Esq.
Hamilton B. Avarne, Esq. F. Charles Maitland, Esq.
Edward Boyd, Esq., Resident William Railton, Esq.
E. Lennox Boyd, Esq., Assistant- John Ritchie, Esq.
Resident F. H. Thomson, Esq.
Charles Downes, Esq.
Surgeon—F. Hale Thomson, Esq., 48, Berners-street.
This Company, established by Act of Parliament, affords the most
perfect security in a large paid-up Capital, and in the great BUCCOSS
which has attended it sines its commencement in 1634, its ANNUAL
INCOME being UPWARDS of 62,0001.
In 1641 the Company added a Bonus of 21. per cent. per annum
en the Sum Insured to all Policies of the Participates Class from
the time they were effected.
The Bones added to Policies- from March, 1834, to December 31,
1840, is as follows :
Run Time Sum added! gum Time gum Added
Assured. Assured. to Policy. (Assured. Assured. to Policy.
c. 5000 6 yrs. 10 mths. £663 6 6 £5OOO 4 years £4OO
8800 6 years 600 00' 5000 2 years 200
The Premiums, nevertheless, are on the most moderate scale, and
only one-balfneed be paid for the first Five Tears, where the Insu-
rance is for Life.
Every information will be afforded en application to the Resident
Directors, Edward Boyd, Esq., and E. Lennox Boyd, Esq., of No 8,
Waterloo-place, Pall-mall, London.

THE TONTINE LIFE ASSURANCE
COMPANY.
(Provisionally Registered.)
Capital 2,000,000/., in 100,000 Shares of 201. each.
The plan of this Company offers considerable sad peculiar advan-
tages to the shareholders. In addition to the profit arising from Life
Assurance transactions, it is proposed to raise a capital of 1,001,0001.
or upwards by the grant of Tontine Annuities in classes, to be regu-
lated by the ages of ihe subscribers or their nominees, which capital,
on the death of the survivor in each class, will be divided exclusively
among the shareholders.
The principle of the Tontine Annuities is as follows:—If 1,000 per-
sons subscribe 1001. each, tkey or their respective nominees, being
of an age to enter the class, from 45 to 50, at which the Annuity
would be about 61. per cent., each subscriber or nominee will, during
the continuance of all the lives, receive as Annuity of 61.;
but as the lives drop, tke Annuity of the deceased parties
will be divided aniengst the survivors until they are reduced
to eta, each of wbbm will then receive 1,0001. per annum fbr life;
but as they respectively die off, the 1.8001. which he or she received
will fall into the fiends of the Company, for the benefit of tko share-
holders. _

The classes containing younger liven will receive a lower rate of
annuity ; the older a higher rate.
This mode of investment, while it will afford ample funds for the
promotion of Life Assurance transactiens, will further enable the
Company to guarantee to persons borrowing money upon approved
security, and effecting a policy of assurance, to be assigned
as a collateral security, that so long as the interest on the money
lent and the premium on the policy regularly paid, the money lent
shall not be called in till the precise amount accrues by the failure of
the life assured.

Applications for shares and prospectuses to be made to Mr. Charles
Edmonds, stock and Share Broker, Sun-court, Cornhill ; and Mr.
Charles Barker, at the Temporary Offices, 46, Lincoln's Inn-fields.

PUBLICATIONS.

THE GREAT BELL OF ST. PAUL'S
will strike ONE on the 15th of rmsarAnr.

Ou Sunday, February li, Stamped, price Sixpence, else of the

" Times,"
T " WEEKLY
A CIItiNERAL ITEVISPAPIR,
BUT PARTICIMAILLT DEVOTED TO TRH INTERESTS OP PITNICHP.LL, COB,
?ORATE, AND PAROSHIAL BODIES, PUBLIC SOMPANIES, ETC.
OFFICE, 5, CATHERINE-STREFT, STICAND. TIRE WEEKLY
NEWS may be obtained of any Newsvender tkroughout the king-
dom, by preyious order, or at the ottee, u above, where Advertise-
ments may be sent.

NEWS,

SEAT OF WAR IN INDIA.
Just published, price ss. cloth, with Map.
THE PUNJAUB, being a brief Account of the
COUNTRY OF THE SIKHS, its Extent, History, Commerce,
Productions, Government, Manufactures, Laws, Religion, &e.
By LIEUT.-COL. STEINBACII,
Late of the Lahore Service.
London : Smith, Elder and Co., 65, Cornhill.

Just published, Svo., N.. 1., price 6d.,
pA YNE'S ILLUSTRATED LONDON.
At the present moment no illustrated work exists giving an
adequate idea of the vast improvements of modern Loudon.
These, together with the great accommodation afforded for visiting
them, imperatively demands such as undertaking as that now
brought before the public. The work will be published every
fortnight in Sixpenny Numbers, containing five highly-finished steel
engravings, and with sixteen to twenty-four pages of letter-press,
historical and descriptive ; and is Monthly Parts at Is.
London : Brain and Payne, 12, Paternoster-row ; and of all
booksellers.

On the 3rd of January was published, talc 1, pr ice Three Hal

pence, of
rrHE PEOPLE'S JOURNAL.
An Illustrated Weekly Periodical, combining Amusement,
General Literature, and Instruction, with an earnest and business-
like inquiry into the best means of satisfying the Claims of Industry.
Among the more important arrangements already made, the Pro-
prietors hare to announce :

Tales for the People, by Mary Howitt, commencing with " How
the World Mended with Timothy Cossitigten."

Lectures to tho Working Classes, by W. J. Fox, commencing
with " The Duties of the Press towards the People."

111.
The People's Portrait Gallery of Eminent Living Persons, from
Original Paintings by Margaret Gillies. With accompanying papers,
" What have they done for the People ?" commencing with Charles
Dickens, and William Wordsworth, by William Hewitt and others.

Poetry for the People, by Ebenezer Elliott and others.

Scenes from Society, by Kenny Meadows, with accompanying
latter press, commencing with " The Pit at the Play," by Angue B.
Reach aid others.

Essays, Tales, Sketches, &c. by Mary Leman Glllies, Thornton
Hunt, Camilla Toulmin, Arnheldt Weaver, John launders, aad
others.

______
VII.
National Monthly Nolidays : `net they have been, what they
are, and what they should be, by Williara Howitt. Illustrated by
eminent artists, whose names will be duly announced.
VIII.

The People's Picture Gallery of living British Painters, cern-
wiencing with the Favourites, by Edwin Landseer.
IX.

Domes fir the People, with designs and estimates, commencing
with the Duke of Deyorushiro's Cottages at Edonser.

The Organisation of Labour, commenaing with aaeounts a actual
experiments in Social Progress.
xT

concerns the working man to know with regard to the state of his
Record of all that it most
Trade—Strikes—Amount f-Aimndousu:itrYot'EtmWpleo:yent—Decrease of the Hours of
Labour—Bearings of Law upon Industry, &c., &c. The Annals are
open alike to employer and employed, and are written in a spirit of
calinnees and perfect impartiality towards both, from original ma-
terials supplied—on the part of the employed—by Trades' Secretaries
and others, in all parts of the country.
_ .

The Engravings are by W. J. Linton.
The whole of the above subjects (Nes. 7 and 9 alone excepted) are
commenced in the first five Numbers, price Three Halfpence each, or
in the First Part, price Eightpence-halfpenny, published on the Ist of
February
Stamped copies forwarded, post free, to any part of Great Britain,
on receipt of postage stamps or money to the amount of 3d. for single
copies, 2s. 9d. for a quarter's subscription.
London, Artizan-office, Wellington-street North, Strand. Sold by
all Booksellers, of whom Prospectuses may be obtained.

Blogaat rocket Edition, price Is., by post Is. 6d.
DR. CULVERWELL ON MARRIAGE,
its BINDRANCES au& OBLIGATIONS.
" To be or lot to be, that is the question."—Shakspeare.
Contests :--On Matrimonial Eligibility sold Unfitness—Laws of
Taternity—phenomena of Gestation—Oa Maternal Influence-0u
lafeliciteus and unprodactivo Ultimo—Curiosities of Medical Experi.
eace, Cases, &a. Sc..
Also Compulsion to the sane, price Is., by past Is. Gd.

CHASTITY ; its ASUSES aid DISEASES (72 Engravligs).
Thous two interesting little volumes aro not inteided for idle or in-
discriminate perusal, but they aro earnestly offered to the attentive
cousideratioi of those who may be more legitimately aid perhaps
painfilly interested.
Sherwood, 23, faternoster-row ; Carralho, 147, Fleet-street ;
Mans, 39, Cornhill, and all booksellers, or direct trim the Author,
21, Amindol-street, Strand. At home daily till 7 ; Evenings, 7 till 9.

ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION
Lectures en CMEMISTRY, with BriMast Experiments,
by Dr. Ryan, daily at Half-past Three, and en the Evenings If
Meudays, Wednesdays, and Fridays, at Nile o'Clock. A Lecture
ou the AntOSIIIERIC RAILWAY, by Professor liaclietter, a
Working Model •f which, carryiag several persons, is exhibited
daily. The additions to the OPAQUit MICROSCOPE, W -
SOLVIN4 YlE'Wei, and CEIROMATROPS are very effective. The
PIITSIOSCOPE. submarine Dxperimeats by means of the 'ITER
and DIVING SELL. Among the varieas additions to the Working
Models is Coleman's NEW AMERICAN LOCOMOTIVI ShTGINE,
fir aseessling and dosceudiag Incliaed Planes. A niagaiiceat Col-
lection of TuoeicAL FRUITS. Mr. Dowse, the celeV4ated Flute
Player, will take part is the Music, conducted by Dr. Wells. Opel
from Eleven to lialf-past Five, aid from irre.tl to lalf-past Tea is
the Evertiag.

RESIGNATION OF SIR THOMAS

FREMANTLE.

The following addryss has been issued:—
" TO THE ELECTORS OF THE BOROUGH OF BUCKINGHAM.

Gentlemen—l deem it my duty to inform you that it
is my intention to resign my seat in Parliament, and to
return into your hands the trust which you have for
many years committed to me.
" Since my return from Ireland, where I have been
occupied since the month of August in the discharge of
my official duties, I have carefully considered the posi-
don in which this country is placed in consequence of
the political events which have recently occurred.
" The Administration of Sir Robert Peel has been dis-
solved—the country remained without a Government for
ten days; and Lord John Russell found himself unable
to construct a new Ministry.
" Under these circumstances, Sir Robert Peel felt it
his duty to his Sovereign to resume the functions of
First Mini.Ater of the Crown; all the members of his
former Cabinet, with one exception, concurred in that
decision, and have determined to support the measures
which have been announced to the House of Commons,
for the abolition of protecting duties on articles of
foreign produce and manufacture.
" I deem it essential to the best interests of the
country, that these measures, now submitted to Parlia-
ment by the head of the Government, should pass into
a law ; and that a final settlement should be made of a
question which has so long agitated the country, and
which, owing to the uncertainty of its continuance, has
not worked beneficially for that interest which it was in-
tended to protect.
"But further, I will not be deterred from stating that
my opinion on the policy of maintaining "a protecting
duty on the admission of foreign corn has undergone a
change.
" So long as high prices were artificially kept up, and
the chief articles of our manufacture were encouraged
by high duties, it was not only just but necessary that
the produce of the soil should be protected by a propor-
tionate amount of duty.
" The commercial policy of the country will now be
changed, and I believe that the same relaxation may be
extended to agriculture, as well as to manufactures, with-
out permanent injury to any one class of producers, and
certainly with advantage to the general interests of
the country.
" My attention has been anxiously directed, for some
months past, to the failure of the chief article of food in
Ireland, and I anticipate with great apprehension a
scarcity of provisions among the poorer classes in that
country at no distant period. I ask myself whether a
statesman is justified, under such circumstances, in
maintaining a law by which the prices of all articles of
food are enhanced—under which, the wheat and oats of
Ireland, attracted by artificial prices, are exported to
England, and the necessaries of life placed beyond the
reach of the destitute poor of that country.
" I must honestly admit that those argcmeuts by
which I have hitherto supported the corn-laws are no
longer tenable.
" I find, however, that my constituents are not dis-
posed to adopt this opinion ; they view the proposed
measures with alarm and distrust. _ _ _

" I am informed that a meeting was held in your
borough on Saturday last, not confined to members of
the Agricultural Protection Society, but which the
electors were generally invited to attend. At that
meeting resolutions were unanimously passed, condemn-
ing the proposed alteration of the law, and expressing a
wish that an opportunity should be afforded them to
elect a member whose opinions upon this question are in
conformity with their own.
" Ido not concur in the alarm and apprehension
which you entertain ; I do not admit the right of any
constituency, in ordinary cases, to make such an appeal
to their representative--delegation is inconsistent with
the spirit and practice of the Constitution.

" But I do admit that you had reason to suppose that
I should continue to support in Parliament the existing
corn-law—and on recent occasions, when offering my-
s( if for re-election, on the acceptance of office, I re-
peated the declarations which I had previously made in
reference to that law.

" I cannot forget the uniform kindness and confidence
which you have reposed in me—l have appealed to you
under difficult circumstances, and you have given me
steady and generous support.
" I yield, therefore, at once to the expression of your
wishes in this matter, and relinquish the honourable
position which I fill as your representative, without hesi-
tation, but not, I assure you, without pain and regret.
And in thus bringing to a close our long political con
nexion, I desire to offer you my cordial acknowledg-
ments for many favours received at your hands, and for
having afforded me the opportunity of taking some share
in the conduct of public affairs.
" I shall ever entertain towards you, individually and
collectively, sentiments of esteem and regard ; and I
heartily pray that in all your domestic and public rela-
tions, prosperity and happiness may attend you.
" I beg to subscribe myself, gentlemen,
" Your faithful and obedient servant,
" THO. F. FREMAN rLE.
" Irish Office, London, Feb. 3."

REPRESENTATION OF SOUTH
NORTIIAMPTONS EIIRE.
Mr. Cartwright has just offered the following hand.
some valedictory address to the gentlemen, clergy, free
holders, and other electors of the southern division o
the county of Northampton:—

" Aynho, Feb. 3.
" Gentlemen—The state of my health renders it im-
perative on me to retire from Parliament.
" I should not feel justified in any longer retaining a
trust I am wholly incompetent to discharge in a manlier
either satisfactory to myself or advantageous to you.
To delay my resignation till the event of a dissolution
of Parliament would be to deprive you of a voice in the
House of Commons, at a crisis seldom surpassed in the
history of this country.
"It is not without much reflection and great regret
that I have come to this decision, but I should make you
an ill return for the many acts of partiality and kindness
I have so often experienced on your part, during a period
of nearly fifty years, with a short intermission, if I were
to hesitate at a moment like the present to enable you to
consign your interests to more efficient hands.

" In taking this step I have no desire to conceal or
withhold my opinion of the measures now before the
Legislature. I have ever considered the agricultural
classes entitled to a fair and full protection on the sound-
est principles of policy and justice, and I can see nothing
in the circumstances of the times to call for so great a
change, and so hazardous an experiment, as the pro-
jected alteration in the corn-laws, unaccompanied by any
adequate compensation or relief.
" It only remains for me further to assure you, that
for the few years which may yet be spared to me under
Divine favour, it will ever be my object, in or out of
Par Ham( nt, to promote by every means in my power the
welfare and prosperity of the county of Northampton.
" I have the honour to be, Gentlemen,
" Your grateful and obliged humble servant,
"W. R. CARTWRIGHT."

asmuch as, two years ago, I stated at a protection meeting
that I would never assent to any measure which
diminished an iota of the protection then en-
joyed by agriculture.' By giving that pledge
I hold myself to have surrendered to you
a portion of my own right of individual judgment,
wisely or unwisely, rightly or wrongly, I need not now
stop to consider ; my present course is clear ; I must
keep that pledge inviolate. I therefore feel that, how-
ever anxious I may be for the success of the measure
end the stability of the Government, I cannot vote for
the abolition of protection to agriculture without first
appealing to my constituents. I therefore tender you
the resignation of my seat in Parliament, and should
there be a strong public demonstration in favour of its
acceptance, I shall not hesitate to surrender into your
hands the trust withwhi ch you did me the honour to
Invest me."

REPRESENTATION OF
CHICHESTER.
Lord Arthur Lennox has taken leave of his con-
sti-uents in a farewell address ; and Lord Henry Gor-
don Lennox has offered himself as a candidate for the
vacant seat.

FREE TRADERS OF HASTINGS.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.
Sim—Having seen in your valuable journal, a day or
two ago, an account of a protection meeting held here
on Saturday last, at which, with a deal to do, some sixty
or seventy persons had been got together in that spouse,
I beg to inclose you a copy of the petition unanimously
agreed to at a public and overflowing meeting, con-
vened by the Worshipful the Mayor,- pursuant to re-
quisition, and holden in the common hall of the
borough, at which there would at least be eight or nine
hundred persons present; thus showing the difference
of feeling in the inhabitants of Sussex, and of Hastings
more especially, between free trade and protection.--
I am, Sir, your obedient servant, HAROLD.
" To the kc., &c.
" The humble petition of the undersigned inhabitants
of the borough of Hastings, in the county of Sussex,
assembled in the Town-hall of the said borough, on
Friday, 2d day of January, 1846:

" Showeth,—'That your petitioners deeply empathise
with the sufferings of a great portion of their fellow
subjocts, in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, consequent upon the blight which has fallen
upon the potatoes.
That your petitioners are unanimous in a firm con-
viction that their sufferings are mainly attributable to
erroneous legislation, which restricts commerce, excludes
the importation of food, and thus intercepts from the
people the bounties of Providence.

°: Your petitioners therefore earnestly pray that your
&c., &c., will be pleased to abolish, totally and imme-
diately, all restrictions upon the free importation of food.
"And your petitioners will ever pray."

THE DUKE OF SUTHERLAND ON
THE CORN-LAWS.
(From the Inverness Courier.)
We have been favoured with a copy of a letter written
about two years since by the Duke of Sutherland, to
his principal factor, on the subject of the corn-laws.
At the present moment it will be read with interest ;
and we need hardly remark Oat his Grace still adheres
to the same liberal opinions, and is strongly and con-
scientiously opposed to all restrictions on trade and
commerce:—

" London, Feb. 2, 1844.

" As I learn that in -Sutherland some of my
friends and tenants are desirous of having a meet-
ing to consider the subject of the corn-laws, under
apprehension of the effects which the present agi-
tation of that subject may have on our agricultural
interests, it may be well for me to say shortly to yeu
what lam disposed to believe right and true in regard
to it. It is very fair that the sentiments of any who
feel desirous of communicating them should be ex-
pressed ; but it is also desirable that none should com-
mit themselves incautiously and under unnecessary ap-
prehensions. They may probably find that in this, as on
many other subjects, great exaggerations prevail. I
take it for granted, that none would think of consider-
ing societies for agricultural purposes as proper instru-
ments or machinery for extending any determined opi-
nion which any number of the members may entertain
on the general question. This, I think, should be care-
fully avoided. Of course, I do not urge objections to
any persons meeting as a society for the special pur-
pose of taking a part for or against a general measure;
but the societies which have b,eu formed to promote
improvements in all branches of farming should be
kept clear of contention and free from disputes of this
nature. My own feeling is in favour of the free current
of naional industry—of unfettered commerce—of pur-
chase and sale generally, without excepting any trade
on which the sustenance of the people depends. lam
unwilling to close the best markets for our supplies, and
cut off from the people the sources which Providence
offers, under the varying circumstances of seasons and
climates, for the produce of commodities necessary for
the enjoyment of life. Ido not think it is a solid good
principle to maintain that a bounty should be given to
the grower by a tax on the consumer ; and I believe
that the protest drawn up by the late Lord Grenville
on the subject is substantially sound and just. I
also, as I said, think that, in conforming to these princi-
ples, we shall not endanger ourselves though, no doubt,
in many parts of England particularly, great improve-
ments will be required, and under any system they
should be enforced. Important considerations from the
artificial and complicated system which has made our
condition so difficult to understand and manage. Our
national debt—complicated taxation—necessities ; of re-
venue—all these make great caution necessary, and it
is no doubt right and proper that all who have insight
into these subjects should communicate their sentiments,
that violent ehanges be withstoed—that agriculturists
should express their sentiments regarding their own
prospects and fears or expectations, as well as other
members of society. Ido not, however, wish to enrol
myself among those who require restrictions interfering
with trade and commerce in regard to the most important
articles for man."

PROTECTION MEETING AT
TOTNES.-DEFEAT OF THE PROTECTION-
ISTS.

(From the Plymouth Journal)
A meeting was held at Totnes on Tuesday, convened
by the Tory agriculturists of the neighbourhood, to
take into consideration Sir R. Peel's financial policy.
• Jasper Parrott, Esq., was called to the chair.
J. BELFIELD, Esq., denounced the " treachery" of
Sir Robert Peel, and proposed a resolution condemnatory
0- his measure.
Mr. PHILLIPS seconded it. He was replied to by
Mr. Lexxsterr, of Brixham, who moved a direot nega-
tive to the resolution.
The resolution on a division was lost by an over-
whelming majority.
Mr. WATSON, of Dorsly, then proposed a rosolution
acceding to the principle of free trade, provided that the
Legislature would transfer the poor and county rates to
the general taxation of the country.
This was opposed by Mr. LAKEHAN, and a resolution
approving of immediate abolition of the corn-laws, with-
out conditions, was put and carried by a vast majority.
It was resolved that a petition, grounded on this reso-
lution, should be presented to both Lords and Commons.
The meeting was held in the Mayoralty rooms. It
was a most triumphant demonstration of agricultural
feeling; about 450 were present, a large proportion of
whom were tenant farmers.