The Sun.
London, England, 1846-02-11 00:00:00

THE SUN LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY 11, 18-16.

Canities and Thames Junction Company, the North and
Woolwich Railway Company, and the North Gravesend
hal way Coin pany,
which saould tend greatly to the ads
vantage of the Eastern Counties Company, and iftcrease
Cie goods traffic on tliQ Cambridge and Colchester lines.
the statement of accounts ftp,crided to the report, showed
thy' raecipts of tla; half-year to be 173,1661. 15s, ld., which
after meeting all expenses, interest of loans and interest to
the Northern and Eastern Counties Company, left an avail-
able suns for the dividend ef 84,4671. 12s. 4d.
The Cliainsiars then rose to move the adoption of the
report, and in so doing said, that it would be necessary fbr
him to
just
somewhat into explanation, as otherwise the
g
report read would have raZreieired to have been much
longer if einbociyi.n
all that it was necessary to detail. it
ssis his dcsiee fairly and honestly to give them a clear view
of the present posLion of the Company and its future pro-
spects.—(Cheers ) In declaring a dividend of Os. per share,
the directors felt they were not declaring one that was to be
considered by the shareholders as founied on the anticipa-
ta!zis of what the future traffic might bring, but as actually
arising snit of the past half-year; and in doing so, the
point to which the directors would particularly call
their a ttentim was the fair prospect before them
when the lines in connexion with theirs were completed and
open to the public. There were two of these lines which he
was satisfied would be of great advantage to their interests
He referred to the lines proposed between Peterborogh and
Ely and between Ipswich and Colchester. 'These, in addition
to the Eastern Union Company, would be the means of
augmenting their traffic in a very considerable degree.—
(Hear, hear.) The arrangement submitted to them at the
last meeting for an amalgamation with the Northern and
Eastern had witk sonic very little alterations been agreed to
by the shareholders of that Company. The only alteration
made was, that parties not chosing to embark in the under-
taking should have the liberty of selecting 6 per cent. in
perpetuity on their shares, but should receive no allotment of
new shares, or be allcwed to participate in the extensions of
the Company. Of the proprietors of the Northern and East-
ern Company, but one-fourth of the holders of original stock
bad se:ect d 6 per cent., fully three-fourths; having
accepted the propositions of the Eastern Counties Company
rather than take the proferred guarantee.—( Hear, hear.)
This was some proof of confidence in the future pains of the
undertaking.—(Cheers.) In evidence of this he could give
figures derived from data supplied by those who knew e
country well, and those figures bore him out in saying, that
when all the extension lines were opened, the receipts of the
Company would not be less than 10,0001. a week. The pre-
sent income was about 6,5001. a week; but he was fully satis-
fied when the traffic was fully developed, it would be at least
10,0001. a week. That even now they had not done so well as
might have beets expected, arose from their deficiency of
locomotive power, and the difficulty in meeting that defi-
ciency from the great demand for power of that kind, arising
from the opening of new lines. Though as yet they had not
obtained locomotive power to work the line with satisfaction
to themselves and to the public, still that was
a difficulty they were gradually overcoming, and 'lie
was not over sanguine in saying that, before their next
meeting, if their two extension lines were opened, to show
at least a receipt of 10/.—(Cheers)---which, after making
payments of guaranteed interest, would show a reserved
annual sum for division and expenses of 450,0001. He was
satisfied he was giving a statement that would be borne out
by the results. It had been said that theirs was a bankrupt
concern, but to that he would answer, that he had given
facts and figures, which, as far as men of experience and
judgment were to be relied on, might be trusted, and they
showed a result of 7 per cent. on the consolidated stock, as
also on the stock of the Northern and Eastern Company. He
was satisfied that, ere long, with the extensions, the
undertaking would be second to none in the kingdom. A
company in such a position, and with such prospects, had no
right to be looked on otherwise than as a
solvent and legitimate undertaking.—(Hear.) He could not
say what the Legislature would do relating to the London
and York line, though he had the strongest confidence in
the success of the measure, if the Legislature was, as it pro-
posed to be, guided by the principle of supplying the greatest
extent of country at the least amount of expense.—(Hear,
hear.) That measure would be of great service to them, as
it would give them the chance of constructing another trunk
line to York, which he was persuaded could be constructed
at nue-half less than the London and York scheme.—(Hear,
hear.) And if they were successful they would have the
satisfaction of holding out the olive-branch of peace to the
London and York, which had been refused. The Hon. Gen-
tleman, after referring further to this topic, and expressing a
hope that even in Parliament a reconciliation might be
effected, went on to point out the great advantages of
a line of packets from Harwich to the Continent, in con-
nexion with their scheme. No resolution, however, he
said, would be submitted on the subject at the
present meeting, but the matter would be taken up by the
Directors, and matured before being brought forward in that
shape. In conclusion, they hoped to make a considerable
reduction in the expenses of the Company, or at least with
the increase of traffic to take care that there should be no
increase of expenditure. The Hon. Gentleman, after refer-
ring to the services of the directors, especially those of Mr.
Waddington, in high terms, sat down amidst loud cheers by
moving the adoption of the report.
In answer to certain questions from Mr. WISHAW,
The CHAIRMAN said that the directors might congratulate
themselves on the freedom from all accidents which had dis-
tinguished the Eastern Counties line. From the hour that
they had accepted office there had not been a single life lost.
With respect to the expenditure, he must confess that that
appeared to him extraordinarily large, but they were doing
their best to reduce it, and be would venture to promise that
with an increased traffic the expenses would not exceed, if
they equalled, the present amount.—(Hear, hear.) With
respect to the irregularity of trains on the line, he had since
he had been elected a director taken means to ascertain the
exact time taken by each train, with the view of ascertaining
some better system than bad before existed; but they had,
in consequence of defective locomotive power, to encounter
many difficulties. They, however, expected to be able in a
short tune to bring about improvements in this particular.
After some observations from Mr. Scorr recommendatory
of the efforts made by the directors,
Mr. LOVE said that lie found no sum in the treasurer's
report placed to the account of depreciation. He wished to
know why this omission occurred in the statement ?
The CHAIRMAN said that lie was no advocate for a depre-
ciation fund. If they wanted new engines, he thought the
better way was to pay for them at once, and then place the
amount expended to the general fund.
The report was then carried unanimously, as were several
formal motions.
After thanks had been voted to the directors and the
Chairman, the meeting broke up.

RAI LW AY COMMITTEES.
(THIS DAY.)

Sub-Committee No. 1.

The Commitee isat this day at twelve o'clock. Mr. Strutt
chairman.

THE TAW VALE (EXTENSION) RAILWAY.

Air. Parkes, of the firm of Dyson, Hall, and Coates, ap-
peared for the promoters.
The formal proofs of the deposit. of the plans and sections,
and books of reference, were then put in.

Mr. VENABLES appeared on a petition against the Bill.
Mr. PARKES objected to the petition being received, on the
ground that the name of the Bill was not stated on the back
of the petition, in conformity with the standing orders.
The CHAIRMAN said that he had consulted the Speaker
on the bearing of that standing order ; and his decision
ww, that as there were several petitions presented prior
to his having given notice of the enforcing of that standing
order, it would be unfair to the parties concerned to subject
them to that opinion. It was, therefore, only to be enforced
against all petitions presented after the date of the Speaker's
order. The Committee were, therefore, of opinion that the
petition should be received.
Mr. VENABLES said that the allegation which he had to
submit to the Committee was against the datum level of the
line. There was no fixed point at either termini which
would agree with thG datum level on the plans and sections.
Mr. PARKES submitted that the allegation could not be
sustained inasmuch as the objection was not specifically
stated in the petition.
Mr. VENABLES considered that the objection was properly
set out in the petition. He would prove that error existed.
The CHAIRMAN thought the allegation should have been
specified by one or other termini.
,rheporiototanglahwt
eaes,,i,ttoltilueelrnd
pt
Ler.
lr mo
eared,ei
l n
ti a and
error.
that he considered was
sufficient,
fixed VENABLES said, that allegation was that there was no
, error.
and upon the return of the
parties,
The CHAIRMAN said he had to inform the agents that
Committee were of opinion that in this ease the
materc the
andom-
plained of was not specifically stated in thepetition,
there the allegation could not be sustained.
The standing orders were then declared to have been com-
plied with.
YORK AND NORTH MIDLAND (LEEDS

EXTENSION) RALIVII7AIre

Mr. VENABLES, on behalf of the promoters, stated ;the
case and called the several witnesses. The Bill was unop-
posed, and the standing orders declared to have been com-
plied with.

YORE AND II ORTH MIDLAND (EAST

RIDING BRANCHES, No. 1) RAILWAY.

Mr. Venables appeared for the proMoters.
The deposit of the plans, sections, and books of reference
was then proved.
Mr. DYSON appeared on the petition of a Mr. Whitaker, a
landowner on the line, complaining that the standing orders
had not been complied with, inasmuch as he had not received
notice for certain lands in the parish of Drypool, in the county
of York.

Mr. VENABLES objected to the petition being heard, on
,he ground that the petitioner had not specified the property

in the petition.
The CHAIRMAN was of the same opinion ; and ➢ir. Dyson
having abandoned the petition, the standing orders were
declared to have been complied with.
COLCHESTER, STOUR VALLEY, sunnurair.

journed till twelve o'clock to-morrow. The nature of the alle-
gations was hot stated, that being a subsequent proceeding
to the receiving of the petition by the Committee.
TnE EXEI ER, Irk; OVIL, AND DORCiiEfITER

RAILWAY.
Mr. Ellicombe appeared for the promoters. The deposit of
the plans, sections, &c., was proved, after which
Mr. PBITT presented several petitions against the Bill, from
the owners of land and other property on the line complain-
ing that the standing orders had not been complied with in
Many instances.
Mr. ELLICOMBE opposed; the receiving of the petition, on
the ground that the name of the Bill did not appear on the
back of the petition.:
The CHAIRMAN said that he had already decided in a
another case that the petition having come to them after the
opinion of the Speaker a few days ago, he would reserve the
decision on the point till he should again consult the Speaker
The Committee then adjourned till twelve o'clock to'
morrow.

Sub• Committee No 2.
(Continued from our Afternoon Edition.)

GLASGOW, PAISLEY, ILILII.O.ENOCK, AND

AYR BRANCHES RAIXAVAY.

A petition against this Bill was presented from Mr. Maher,
which stated that it was with the approval of Lord Douglas,
through whose estates the line was to pass, complaining of a
non-compliance with the standing orders, inasmuch as the
plans were i of deposited on or before the 30th of November,
as required by the Act of Parliament.
Mr. GRAHAM supported the petition against the Bill, which
was defended by Mr. Pritt.
The formal evidence having been gone through, from
which it appeared that 43,0001., one-tenth of the Amount sub-
scribed, had been deposited in her Majesty's Court of Exche-
quer, in Scotland, and that the length of the line was 18 miles
Mr. GRAIIA3I contended that the datum line as described
by the engineer, Mt. Miller, was not the same datum line
as that the Company had laid down.
The CHAIRMAN was of opinion that Mr. Graham had no
right to raise that question it not being an allegation in his
petition. The question was however discussed, but no
other plan being adduced, the question fell to the ground.
Mr. Pitirr said that he admitted the allegatic n of the pe-
tition but what were the facts of the case. The
petitioner Mr. Maher was the agent of the Cale-
donian Company a competing line, and it stated that
he had the sanction of Lord Douglas. There was an inter-
dict obtained by Lord Douglas, to prevent surveys being made
on his estate, and he now complained of a non-compliance
with the standing orders, which was occasioned by his own
conduct.
The CHHIRMAN said, he considered that if gentlemen would
prevent persons forcibly from entering their grounds, they
had no right to complain of a non-compliance with the stand-
ing orders.
Mr. Miller was examined, and proved that he had received
obstruction in surveying Lord Douglas's ground.
The supplemental notice was pioved.
The CHAIRMAN said that the Committee were of opinion
that the standing orders of the House had not been complied
with by the Glasgow, Paisley, Kilmarnock and Ayr branches
Company, inasmuch as the plans and sections had not been
deposited in the Sheriffs' office on or before the 30th of
November, but that the supplemental notice stating that
such would be deposited on the 81st of December, was duly
served.

GUILDFORD, CHICHESTER, POTRSMOUTH,

AND PA.REHA.M ILAXIMJAY.

The object of this Bill was to construct a line of railway
from Guildford to Chichester, and from Fareham to Ports-
mouth, with branches to Peterfield and Itchnon. The length
of the line was seventy miles, including the branches, and the
amount of capital was 250,000/. There were two petitions
against the Bill, which were referred for further instruction,
no one appearing in their support.
In the absence of one of the witnesses the further conside-
ration of the Bill was adjourned till Thursday next.
Engineer, Mr. Joseph Locke ; Parliamentary Agent, Mr.
Ellicombe ; Solicitors, Messrs. Bircham, Dalrymple, and
Drake.

GLASGOW, DUMFRIES, AND CARLISLE

RAILWAY.

The object cf this Bill was for the formation of a line of
railway from the terminus of the Glasgow and Ayrshire
Railway Company's Railway, at Cumnock, to the Caledonian
Railway, near Carlisle, with various branches.
The extent of line, not including the branches, was sixty-
four miles, and the capital 1,200,000!.
There were two petitions against the Bill. The first was
from the Caledonian Railway Company, complaining of
inaccuracy in the books of reference, and where tunneling
was substituted for open cutting.
THE CHAIRMAN said that in the present case the standing
orders had been complied with.
The next petition was from Mr. Jackson, which complained
of inaccuracy in the schedule served on him in the sections
44 ama 46 of the cuttings.
Mr. Graham appeared for the petitioners.
The CHAIRMAN said the standing orders had been complied
with in this case.

There was another allegation of a similar nature which was
not sustained.

The Committee were of opinion that the standing orders
had been compliad with.
Parliamentary agent, Mr. Burke; solicitors, Messrs. Hunt,
Bannatyne, and Kirkwood, Glasgow.
The Committee adjourned shortly before Four o'clock to
Twelve o'clock to-morrow.

Sub-Committee No. 3.
(Continued from our Afternoon Edition.)

dras; Plantagenet, Bird, Calcutta; Prince George, Eorster, Valpa-
raiso ; Mervede, Hassell, Surinam ; D'Auvergne, Bradley* damatta I
Frances Ann,
. Wright, New Orleans.
BRISTOL, FEB. 10.-6 id; Eleanor, Rees, Barbadoes ; St. Vincent,
Fitrieng, ,tatnalcd.
DiSLIN, FEI3. 9.—Arrd. Charlotte; Betts, John's, New Brunt-
wick. Sld. Pearl, Cowles, ditto ; Enterprise, Boitenhauser, ditto.
KINGSTOWN, FEB. 9.—Wind N.N.W., moderate.—Arrd. Jam, s,
Moran, St. John's, New Brunswick ; 11,,nry Duncan, Kent, ditto.
RAMSOATE, FRB. 10.—The Anne, Castivlia, bound to Syracuse, put
back Bth just., with loss of sails and leaky.
Pool,B, FEB. 10.—The Alert, Brevet, of POrtSlDolltt., stone laden,
came on shore hers this morning, but will be got off; the Wind
moderate. _ _

BIDEFORD, FEB. 9.—The Venus, which was on shore on Northam
narrows, was got off yesterday without much damage; cargo dis-
charged, and will be sold.
_ .

PILL, FEB. 9.—The George, of Chepstow, water-logged and aban-
doned, was picked up off Hallam yesterday, and taken to a place of
f.afety ; nothing known of crew.

CAERNARVON, FEB. 111.-3 great portion of the materials and
cargo of the Heywood were saved yesterday.
HULL, FEB. 9.—The Orwell, from St. Joku's, New Brunswick to
Hull, is on shore near Grimsby, with loss of anchors.

WHITSTABLE, FEB. 10.—A billy-boy, or ketch, sunk last night, or
yesterday, on the Cant, supposed to be store laden ; her main and
mizen sails have been landed here ; the first is nearly new, maker's
name " Sadler, 13rIghtlingsea."

_
COWES, FEB. 10.—S1d. James and Thomas, Forrest, Monte Video ;
American, Lampton ; New York ; Experiment, Cape de Yards.
The schooner Vesper, in getting under weigh yesterday, came
athwart-hawse of another vessel, and carried away her foremast.
Has come into the harbour to repair.
PLYMOUTH, FEB. 10.—Wind N.E.—Arrd. Lloyds, St. John's, New
Brunswick. Sld. H.M.S. Harpy, Rio de la Plata ; Emily, Erring,
Cape Coast Castle; United Kingdom, Foster, Demerara.
FALMOUTH, FEB. 10.—Wind E., fresh.--Sld. Monarch, Shanghae.
GUERNSEY, Farr. 3.—Sld. William, Machon, Laguna.
Coax, FEB. B.—Wind N.W., light breeze.—Arrd. Lucretia, Stead-
burg, Mauritius; Ellen Wood, St. John's, New Brunswick.
HULL, FEa.9..—Arrd. the Orwell, Colburn, St. John's, New Bruns-
wick. Ski. Rumney, Ward, St. John's, New Brunswick.
HARWICH, FEB. 10.—A billy-boy schooner, reported to belong to
Boston, was ashore on the Shipwash Sand yesterday. Crew sup-
posed to be lost.
DARTMOUTH, FEB. 10. —The Ventris, Halter, . from Drontheim to
Barcelona, which put in here on the, Gth inst., with damage, has been
surveyed, and will discharge part of her cargo.
MILFORD, FEB. 9.—The Bezaliel, Barron, from Swansea to
Palermo, which sailed hence yesterday, put back this morning very
leaky ; expected must discharge.

THE FUNDS.-(CLOSING PRICES.)

ONE CLOSING
BRITISH FUNDS. O'CLOCK. PRICES.
Three per Cent. Annuities .. • . 971 % 9714
Three per Cent. Consols Annuities 9674 %97 96% 96%
New Three-and-a-Quarter per Cent. Anna. 994 % 99%
Long Annuities, Expire Jan. 5, 1860
.. 10% 10 11-16
India Stock .. . • • • • .. .. 260 260
India Bonds, 1,000/. .. ~Ditto, under 1,000/. ..
South Sea Stock ~
Ditto, Old Annuities .. 9714
Ditto, New Annuities .. 96% 96
Consols for Acount 97 96%
Exchequer Bills. I%d. . I%d.
1,0001., •• • . •39 37 40 pm. 40
5091. • • • 39 37 40 pm. 40
Ditto, Small ...., .38 40 pm. 40
ONE CLOSING
FOREIGN FUNDS. O'CLOCK. PRICES.
Columbian Bonds .. , 17 17
Danish, 3 per Cent -• • • • • •• 86% 88%
Grenada, 1 per Cent .: 22% 22%
Ditto, Deferred .. —5%
Mexican Bonds, 1837, 5 per Cent .. 30% 30%
Ditto,-Deferred .. .. • • •• ' 16%% 16%
Portuguese Bonds, 5 per Cent .. ..
Ditto, 3 per Cent .. • • • • 60%
Russian Bonds .. 1121%
Spanish Bonds, 5 per Cent .. 28
Venezuela Bonds, 2 per Cent • • • •
Ditto, Deferred .. • • • • • •
Dividends on the above payaisle in Loudon.
Belgian Four-and-a-Half per Cent .. 97%
Dutch Two-and-a-Half per Cent .. 60%
Ditto, 4 per Cent. Certificates .. 951,E
BUSINESS
PRICES OF PAID. DONE AT CLOSING
RAILWAY SHARES. ONE O'CLOCK. PRICES.
... 10% 1034

. • • -•
. .. 45

60%
112%
27N

Aberdeen .. .• • •
Amber., Notting., Boston and
Eastern Junction .. 2% •• • • 2% ...... • • 2%
Birmingham and Gloucester. ..100 •• • • 130% . 130%
Birmingham and Oxford Junction 2 •• • • 2% 234
Bristol and Exeter .. .• 70 -• ••90 89
Ditto New .. .. 5 .• 1234 13 121 13% 13%
Caledonian ..........10 •• • • 14% 14%
Ditto Half Shares 2% ....
Extension.. 23434 .....
Chelmsford and Bury .. . • • • 1% •• • • •74 •••• • • ..
Chester and Holyhead .. 20 • • 22% . 24
Cork and Waterford .. .. • • 134 •• • • 1% %
Cornwall .. .. • • • • • • 5 •• • 4% • 4%
Direct Manchester (Remington's) 2%.... 1%4 1
Direct Northern .. .. • • 234 •• • • 2%
Dublin and Galway .. .. • • 4 •• • • 4% %
Eastern Counties .. 141. 16s. .• • . 22% .
Ditto New .. .. • • 81. 188. •• • • 7% P•• • • •
Ditto, York Extension .. 10s. .... 2 1 1
East Lincolnshire .. • • • • 1%• • • • 2%
Edinburgh and Glasgow .. 50 •• • . 79 7g14
Ditto New 34 Shares.. .. .• 10 •• • • 16
Goole, Doneast., and Sheffield, &c. 425. % p
Grand Union (Nottingh. & Lynn) 1% •; • • 1% %
Great Southern & West. (Ireland) 15 22
Ditto, Extension .. .. • • 123 ••• •
Great North of England .. 100 ....
Ditto, New • • • • • • • • 5 •• • •
Great Western .. .. • • • •
Ditto, Half Shares .. .. 50 .... 93
Ditto, Quarter Shares .. 5 •• • • 19% %•.. .
Ditto, Fifths .. 20 •• .. 36% „ „
hull and Selby .. .. 50 •• .. „ „
Ditto, Half :,hares .. • • • • 7 • • 273(
Ipswich, Norwich, and' Yarmouth 2 • • 1% _
Lancaster and Carlisle .. 35 .... 57
Leicester and Bedford ... ...... . 225. .... % p.. • . .... % p
Leicester, Tamworth, &c. 425. •• • • % die .
Liverp., Manch., & Newc. Junct. 236 .... 2% 2%
London an Birmingham ..100 .. „
Ditto Thirds .. .. 16 .... 5336 53
Ditto Quarters .. .. 2 •• • • 27% 28
Ditto Fifths 2 .... 25
London and Blackwall .. 161. 13s. 4d. 934 „
Ditto New .. 234 .... 43e . .
London al Brighton .. 50 •• • .68 68...,.,

Ditto:ditto Fifths .. 20 .... '3l-% .
London and Croydon .. .. 131. 15s. 9d. 2214 %
London and South-Western.. 411. 6s. 10d. SO ..... .•• ..
Ditto, Consolidated Eighths 28 .... 43
Ditto, New .. 12% .... 24 23% ......
Ditto, New .. .. 10 .... 18
London and York .. 2%.... 3%

Ditto, Half Shares • • .. 234- • .. 2%
London, Warwick, & Kiddennins. 2% .... .
Manchester and Leeds .. .. 82 ....
Ditto, Fifths .. 1 12% .
Manchester and Birmingham .. 40 ....
Ditto, Quarter Shares .. .. 4 ....
Ditto, New Quarter Shares .. 2 '...•
Manchester, Buxton, & Matlock 425.....
Manchester and Southampton 2 ....

p
22
184

914
4%
68
31%
21%

3%
2%
1%
135%
1234

• ••••••••
I%Ye P••••••
"VA%

1% r
...... f__2%

Midland .. .. • • .. .. ..100 -- ..152 156........ 'lso' -
Ditto, New , .. .. .. .. 12 .... 28;4 28 28% .. 28%
Ditto, Birmingham and Derby 100 ....122
Newcastle and Darlington Junct. 25 .... 4534 46
Ditto, New, Brandling .. • • 28 .... 40 3934
Newcastle and Berwick • • • • 10 .... 224 22%
Newark, Sheffield, and Boston .. 2% .... 2% .......
North British .. .. • • • • • • 17 ~ .. 25% 25
Ditto, Hall Shares • • • • • • 3% .... 7% 7 74
Ditto, Carlisle Extension .. 14 .... 3
Ditto, Dalkeith • • • • • • 25 .... 32 . ......
North Kent and Direct Dover • • 2%,,,, 314 34
North Staffordshire . • • • • • 425..... 3% .... p.. •• 3% p
Nerwich and Brandon .. • • • • 13 .. .. 26%4 . ... 264
Northmpton,Banbury,&Chelthin. 2 .... 2 2
Oxfd.,Worcester,& Wolverlimptn. 12% .... 15%.......... 15%
Perth and Inverness • • .. .. 2%
.... 136
1%
Rugby and Huntingdon .. • • 2 .... 1% ..... ..... 1%
Shrewsbury and Birmingham .. 234 .. .. 34 4 .
South Midland • • • • • • • • 425..... 2ki 1% p.. • • 134 p
South Eastern and Dover .. .. 33%
..
.. agli
Do., New (do. 151.) • . No. 4. 2%.... 354% ...... • • 3%
South Wales • • • • • • • • •.' 5 ...• 6% 6
~._. .. 6

Trent Valley • • • • • • • • • . 5 .... 21%
Waterford and Kilkenny .. .. 3 .... 24 %
Watertd., Wexfd., Wick., & Dub. 1% •• .. 1%%
Wexford, Waterford, & Valeatia 1%%
Welsh Midland .. • • • • .. 2%
York and Carlisle .. • • • . .... 2%.
York and Lancaster .. • • • • 2%.... 1%
York' and North Midland .. 1031% •• ..
Ditto, Extension .. • • .. 15 .... 33% 32
FOREIGN RAILWAYS.
Bord., Toul., & Cette kMackenzle) 2 .... 2%
Ditto, ditto (Espelete) • . 2 ....2M .•

Ceylon • • • • • • • • • • • ss. ....
Dutch Rhenish ~ ..5 7
East Indian .. • • • . 55. .... 1% ••••• • • • • •
Ort. North. of France Constituted 5 .... 15 .... • •
Great Indian Peninsular , ss, „ „ „ „
Great Western Canada 3 3
Jamaica South Midland Junction 1 .. • • 3Ye • .
Lyons and Avignon .. 2 .... 21,45 A ........
NIIMUI and Liege ..- 4
..........
Orleans and Bordeaux 6 .... 11% .
Paris and Rouen ••20 .... 38% . ......
Rosen and Havre . 20 .... 28
JOINT-STOCK BANKS.
London and Westminster .. .. 20 .. .. 26
Union of Australia .. • • .. 25 .... 26
MINES.

22
2%
1%
214,
1%
101%
22

2%
34
38

Real dcl Monte, Unregistered 4

MARKET NE W S.-(THIS DAY.)

CORN EXCHANGE-WEDNESDAY

The present week's arrivals of English Wheat from Essex have
been on a fair average scale. Those from all other quarters limited.
The number of samples on sale here this morning was small ; yet the
demand was somewhat inactive, at about Monday's quotations.
Holders of free foreign Wheat being firm, very little was doing in that
article, at unaltered figures. Corn under lock remained nominally
as on Monday. The supply of Barley exceeding the wants of the
buyers, the trade was dull, at the late depression in value.
The Malt trade was again dull, and the, inferior samples were selling
on somewhat easier terms. Oats, Beans, Peas, and Flour very dull,
but not cheaper.

_
ARRITALS.
Wheat. 1 Barley. Oats Flour.
English ••- • • - 1,660 qrs. 2,510 qrs. 3,G40 qrs. 1,250 sks
Irish -- ---- 2,210 ---_
Foreign •• • • • • 4,340 1,130 - -
Malt. 3,600 qrs.

, • -A-large collection of Italian sculpture, recently arrived
• from VOlterra; ho been removed to Robins' Auction Rooms
for public sale. It embraces numberless tamps and figures,
exquisitely sculptured in alabaster; presenting beautiful orna-
ments for the drawing-room, whilst the varleiy'fif lbrih of
vase and tazza cannot fail to ,please the connoisseur, copies
from all the celebrated models in the numerous galleries at
Rome, Naples, and Florence, enriching this extensive 'con
signinent. The sale is on Thursday.

IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT.
HOUSE OF LORDS, nesdO, Fth, 19.

THE CORN-LAWS.—ADJOURNED DEBATE.
fiord EBRINbI'ON and Mr. HINDLE% presented peti
tions against the repeal of the corn-laws:.
Mr. SMITH O'BRIEN (in continuation) said—
The Right Honourable Gentleman said that the law had
failed in 1842, and the word " failure" might be under-
stood in two ways. He would wish to tall to the recol-
lection of his Right Hon. Friend what he said to the
farmers of Wiltshire, in February, 1845—(-Tear, hear)
—when he made the announcement that he had become
a convert of free trade. He would wish to ask whether,
if the law failed in 1842, the Sidney Herbert of that year
would have corresponded with the Sidney Herbert of
this ?—(Hear, hear, and laughter.) He would also wish
to ask him, if it was possible for any ingenuity in
human nature to concoct a law which would
answer both those gentlemen ?—(Great laughter.) His
Right Hon. Friend in 1845 would find that law failed
for the letting in of corn freely—his Right Hon. Friend
in 1846 would find that the corn law failed in the re-
striction of the free importation of corn—therefore,
highly as he thought of the legislative powers of his
chief, and sincerely as he might believe that he was
apable of effecting anything—and certainly the House had
seen that he was capable of effecting great things—still
that Right Hon. Gentleman asked of him too much, if
he expected that the law of 1842 could succeed in
pleasing gentlemen of both sides of the House. But the
question of averages was all that disappointed the ex-
pectations of his Right Hon. Friend. He could not see
the cause of that. His Right Hon. Friend might re-
member, that even if he were obliged by this
failure to give up the question of the sliding-
scale, there was a fixed duty for him to fall back
upon.—(Laughter.) He conceived that the argument
of the Right Honourable Baronet, viz., that be-
cause the sliding scale had failed in one out of
three years, it was not a good one; was not in his opinion
a sufficient reason to induce him to give up, not only his
favourite measure, but even the principles of all his life.
His Right Hon. Friend (Mr. Sidney Herbert) had said
that this was not a question of delegation. He (Mr. S.
O'Brien) should say it was not a question of delegation,
but the Members of that Howe were the representatives
of the people, and when they voted against the interests
of their constituents, then they betrayed those interests,
and were unfit either to be delegates or representatives. It
was not merely a question of import which sent this
House before the country, and it was not merely a ques-
tion
of import which placed the Right Hon. Gentleman
on the Treasury benches. He would not attempt to
treat this question as a trifling one. He would not
treat this question in that light manner that the Right
Hon. Gentleman who had spoken last had atterhpted to
treat it. It was a question of the greatest importance
to the agricultural interests of this country. The Right
Hon. Baronet at the head of her Majesty's Government
had said that the great potato failure in Ireland had
almost led him to throw open the ports. He (Mr. Stafford
O'Brien) did not underrate those evils ; he knew they
-lid exist, and he was glad to find that the Hon. and
Learned Member for Cork intended to bring forward
the evils pending that failure in Ireland the following
day. But he thought her Majesty's Ministers would
have clone better by throwing open the ports
temporarily for a temporary relief, than to adopt
die present measure. How had the free trade
question been received in Ireland ? The gentleman who
stood next to Mr. O'Connell iu that country had re-
probated the measure; he said plainly that a re-
peal of the corn-laws would work great evil to
the farmers of that country, and would but
add to the distress which now threatened her.
He was in England when he was called back again by
the dreadful accounts which he received of the progress
of the potato disease, and he would tell the House that
those accounts were so far correct, that if the
disease had progressed as it had commenced,
there would not have been a single vegetable in Ireland
at the present moment. On my return, 1 found the dis-
ease rather mending, but it has again commenced,
either from the late wet weather or some other
mysterious arrangement of Providence. He assured
them that there never was a country which
called for more urgent measures than Ireland,
and he firmly believed, there never was a Government
more anxious than the present for the welfare of that
country. But he should tell the Right Honourable
Member for Oxford, that the famine in Ireland re-
quired more immediate measures for its alleviation,
and he did not see how, if he would pass his Bill,
Ireland would be benefited by it one single quarter of
wheat.— (Cheers.) My Hon. Friend, observed that when
ee looked round Wiltshire be was surprised how the
poor people could exist there. All he could say was,
that he generally found that the poverty of the agricultu-
ral districts was greatly to be attributed to the owners of
the soil. When they found wretched cottages, and
women and children half-clothed, they were naturally
led to inquire the name of the owner of the soil. He
had conversed with some Wiltshire farmers that morn-
ing, who bore him out in the statements he had made,
and he would do them the justice to say they believed him
to be conscientious in his opinions. But he (Mr. S. Herbert)
had totally failed in the case which he had brought for-
ward to show the necessity of a repeal of the corn-laws,
.ti order to remedy the evils under which the country
was labouring, which was simply only saying that em-
ployment and the wages of emp!oyment tended to the
happiness of the labourer, . but if he had followed up
his argument, and really shown that a repeal of tho corn
laws, and an extensive cultivation of poor soil would
effect all this, he would have made his arguments com-
plete. He would have given an argument in favour of the
repeal of the corn-laws, which had never yet been urged.
—Cheers.)--But if the Hon. Gentleman had visited
Northamptonshire, the county which he (Mr. S.
O'Brien) had the honour to reps sent, where the la-
bourers received wages amounting to 13s. or 14s. a
week, he would find that the people were
not in the abject state he had represented.
If he would go and visit that part of the
county with which he was connected, he should be able
to show him well built cottages and a state of comfort
which would satisfy him that a repeal of the corn-laws
was not so much required. He should, in the course of
their ramble together, be able to show him cold clay
lands of such a nature as even to affect the
intellects of those engaged in their cultivation—(Hear)
and, he might add, that the Noble Lord the Member for
the City of London, in his address, looked to the
Member for Northamptonshire when he talked of the
advantages which the landed proprietors of that
county would derive from a relaxation of the duties on
corn and other articles of commerce. The address laid
down three propositions for meeting the wants of the
country at the present moment, the long and short of
which was, that British industry required no pro-
tection ; and in the latter part of his speech he said
that protection was neither wanted by the agriculturist
nor by the manufacturer, and would leave their protection
to the energies of the country. It was not treating him
improperly if he (Mr. S. O'Brien) assumed that this
principle had been publicly enunciated. The Noble
Lord assumed that these propositions were true, because
all political economists were of the same opinion.
Notwithstanding the charge of their having old-
fashioned prejudices and clay intellects, he for one dis-
sented from those propositions, and he said, that even
if all political economists were agreed in this manner,
there would still be higher considerations on the settle
went of the question. Honourable Members on the
other side of the House were very apt to confound
the science of political economy with the
science oflegislation. His own notion of political economy
was, that it was a science which treated of the amassing
and distribution of wealth, and if the science of legis-
lation consisted of the amassing and distribution of
wealth, then he should say that both political economy
and legislation were synonimous terms.--(Hear, hear.)
He, however, took a higher standing ; he said
that the distribution and accumulation of wealth
was only one element in the science of legis-
lation, but even if both the science of le-
gislation and political economy consisted only of the
accumulation and distribution of wealth, it was not
sufficient to prove the case of the Right lion. Baronet.
—',Cheers.) The Noble Lord the Member for the
City of London had sneeringly declared that agricul-
tural protection societies were established solely for the
purpose of opposing the Anti-Corn-law League.
Now, he denied that these agricultural societies
had been recently formed, and so far from their object
being the overthrow of the Anti-Corn-law League, he
believed they were established for the promotion and
improvement of agriculture.—(Hear, hear.) Honour-
able Members were too much accustomed to throwing
out taunts in reference to these protection societies,
but on a future occasion he might find it convenient
to enter into their history, and he would
say now that there was nothing in them
he. was ashamed of.—(Hear' hear.) It was said that
labour was the property .of the poor man ; he did not
know whether it was right to call things by their wrong
names, but the Noble Lord the Member for Lancashire
called the agriculturist a manufacturer, and upon the
same principle labour was called the property of the
poor man, and this definition of one of the Right HOD,
Baronet's dogmas went forth to the world. But they
ought not to stop there. It would not do for them to
meet six months every year for the protection of their
own property, and at the same time to tell the poor man
that labour was his property, but his property was not
to be protected. The poor man would not understand
such a system ; the poor man would say that they met
to protect their own property, and the conclusion
he would come to was, that the property of the
poor man must be left to take care of itself
The question of protection was a very mil;irtimate one
to emanate from a legislation who sonic S '111.3 ago
boasted of the extent to is likb they could as ail thei:"-
selves of the labcur of children. That legislation now
found the labour of the poor a difficult thing to deal
with. They had re,,orted to the moat discreditable
methods to protect. property. Treatise upon treatise
had been written on the subject, and the decision they
came to at length was that they should let it
alone. He did not speak of the shop-
keeper, but of the man who had amassed
money, and who, the moment he found himself in pos-
session of it, found it his interest to be a convert .to the
system of buying in the cheapest market and selling it,
the dearest one. He would take the case of the duties
lately spoken of by the Right Hon. Baronet at the head
of the Government, because they- would serve as an il-
lustration,,and because they were fresher in the memo-
ries of the Members of that House. Supposing that he
had been in the cheapest market, he could furnish his
house with splendid French paper or silk

banging, and could ride abroad in a foreign
carriage. He could look out of the window
of his smart hbuse, and drive abroad in his foreign car
riage; and he would tee neither of labourers standing
idle. hie might ask them what they Were, and the reply
' Would be, that they were, perhaps, English paper-stainers,
hardware-ttlehufaettirere from Birmingham, and coaeh-
makers. Ile might then say---" My good fellows, I
havd done my best to make yen Idlt, but not from any
selfish Motive, for on the 27th of Januaf't 1846, the
Government proposed the withdrawal of the pro-
tective duties, and that prOpesition was received
With eheers by all political economist; in order
that th elf doctrines might have fair play."—(Heat', hear.)
Would any man say that the feeling in the hearts of the
People would be one of reverence or attachment to our
institutions in such a case they had that proianio, for
the feeling would be decidedly against the Goverement.
When they took into coneidesetion the number of
persons so employed, whose employment Would be taken
away by the want of protection,. they must coeskier
how much their ancestors had laboured to give them
that protection ; they would see that the way to benefit
the poor was to protect them against foreign competi-
tion, and against the madness of themselves. In this
House they were all rich men—(Great laughter)—at
least he assumed the fact, and such Hon. Members as
were not, might laugh at the notion.—(Laughter.) But
one thing was quite certain, and that was that they all had
had a breakfast that morning, and they all expected
to have a dinner that evening—(Laughter)—and they
might rest assured that such is the position in which
they would be held by their poorer ft-Dow-creatures ;
and, therefore, he was right when he asserted that they
in this House were rich, while the classes he al-
luded to outside were poor. Well, now it
would go forth to-night to those classes, that in this
House the question propounded was not corn against cot-
ton, but the question of buying in the cheapest market
and selling in the dearest, and therefore he would ask
them. why they taxed the poor ? He was not now argu-
ing against the poor-law, but he was contending against
this House attempting to propound a harsh and imprac-
ticable dogma, which would look odious in the eyes of
the poor.—(Cries of " Hear, hear.") He had never
stood up in this House as the champion of exces-
sive duties, or to contend that no alteration should
be made in the corn-laws, but he was contend-
ing that the Government was enunciatitig a dogma
which the poor people could not understand. There was
another reason why he objected that this dogma should
be promulgated here, and that was that this assembly
was no longer the representatives of the poor man, for
that had been done away with by the pa:sing of the Reform
Bill. Adam Smith had made two exceptions where other
considerations might enter besides political economy.
But there were so many other exceptions in addition,
that it would be extremely unwise and unsound
to propound such a rule, and extremely dangerous to
act upon it. He thought that one of those cases was
agriculture.—(Hear, hear.) He would not then go into
the question of the corn-laws, as he had so frequently
expressed his opinions on them; but he considered, that
if there was a calling which, more than another, had
peculiar claims on protection—which contributed to the
health, longevity, and morals of the community—that
calling was agriculture.—(Loud cheers.) He protested
against any change being made under such a complex
state of things which existed in this country. He must
I say that he had been engaged in studying the state of the
question during the last four years in all its bearings,
and he could not find anything to materially alter the
opinions which he had formed on the subject. One
change, however, had come over his mind ; he
began by believing it a landlord question,
and he was of opinion that the effect of a
sudden repeal would be to throw large quantities of land
into the market, and consequently the price would be
greatly deteriorated.—(Hear, hear.) From all that he
had read and seen he could not but consider that this
question was a question of the small landed proprietors,
not of the large landed proprie tors ; they :are able to weather
the storm.—(llear, hear.) It is a question of the small
landed proprietors, who, upon the faith of previous legis-
lation, have burdened their estates to nearly the full
value for the sake of effecting improvements on their
lands.—(Hear.) lie believed the present was essentially
a farmers' question, and it was upon this ground that he
took his stand; and because he thus considered it a far-
mers' question he refused to consent to any changes which
would bring in their train nothing but distress and
misery.—(Hear, hear.) Now suppose the case of a
tenant farmer, and he would give an illustration, because
he considered that would have more weight than mere
abstract arguments. Suppose, then, in this case, the
prices to be rather low, arising from a large importation
of grain or some other cause. The tenant farmer comes
to the landlord, he says to him, " I hope you will allow
some abatement in the rent. I have expended large
sums in draining and fencing, my family have held
under you for several generations, we have weathered
together many hard, difficult, and stormy seasons. I have
worn your colours, and I should be sorry, to leave
the spot where I and my family have lived
so long to seek a home elsewhere."—(Hear, hear.)
The landlord says to him, " My good fellow I am sorry
for you, you have invested your money in drains and
fences, you invested that money on the faith of my as-
surances, and I have made those assurances, and invested
my capital on the faith of the legislature.—(Hear,lear.)
We are now told that we are to buy in the cheapest, and
sell:in the dearest markets.—(Hear, hear.) There is a
gentleman, a manufacturer in this district, ready
to . invest his capital in your farm. I must
now look to my oven family arrangements ; I am
sorry I can do 'nothing for you.—(Hear, hear.) You look
back at the feudal times, those times we are now told
are old and exploded notions—(Hear, hear)—and as for
colours, God bless you, my good fellow, there is no
' such thing as true blue now. —(Prolonged cheering.)
The tenant farmer then goes away from his land, the
manufacturer with his immense capital comes in, and by
the application of. that capital, the land, which before
yielded but three-quarters then, yields six quarters, and
the great increase of the produce will then be used as a
set oil to the injurious effects of a large importation of
foreign corn.—(Hear, hear.) A few months ago a
farmer mentioned a circumstance to him, the relation
of which would help to explain this question
better than anything he could say. A farmer
went to his landlord and stated that he had
just had a large fortune left him ; his landlord
advised him to leave the mild, clayey ground
which he then held, and invest his capital
in some good ground, and make his fortune.
He said " the graves of four generations—of my father,
grandfather, great grandfather, and great great grand-
father are in this neighbourhood ; and I have worked
that farm, and I will stick to it."—(Hear, hear.)
There were hundreds of thousands of men like that man,
who had not fortunes in their pockets, but who had the
same hearts in their bosoms—whom now they were driv-
ing forth by their legislation with broken hearts, and
whose bitterest recollection—whose bitterest association,
would be with the name of Cobden.—(Hear, hear.)
We, continued the Honourable Gentleman, will
not aid you, Sir, in your triumph over these poor men.
We do not envy a triumph in which we do not parti-
cipate,-and though we are small in number, and may
be uninfluential in debate, we will raise our voices
against the injustice that is proposed. You are now
preparing a triumph against a body of men who are
petitioning that table in vain ; and who see ruin staring
them in the face ; who have been moderate in prosperity
and patient in aversity ; whose virtue and whose mis-
fortune is, that they are poor, and, as I said before,
whose fatal fault was, having trusted, you.—(Cheers.)
You are prepared to triumph over them, for I will give
it no more milder term—you are prepared to triumph
over them by a strange coalitioa with men who, true to
their principles—(Loud cheers)—can neither welcome
you as friends, nor respect you as opponents—(Voci-
ferous cheering)—of whom, I may say, in conclusion,
that the best and most patriotic amongst them will least
rejoice in the _ruin and the downfal of a great constitu-
tional party, and will most deplore the loss of public con-
fidence in public men.—(The Hon. Gentleman sat down
amidst the most boisterous cheering from his own party.)
Mr. SHARMAN CRAWFORD rose to address the
House, but was some time inaudible on account of Mem-
' hers leaving. Ile said that the whole argument of the
Ilonourable Gentleman who had just sat down was
that the Right Honourable Baronet at the head of
the Government was a traitor. The Honourable
Gentleman professed great regard for the working
classes, for whom he professed protection was require I.
He (Mr. Sharman Crawford) eould not understand the
Hon. Member asking the House to continue protection
while they refused cheap food to the working classes.
Cheap food was the foundation of national prosperity and
pro tectionwas inj urious,because it enhanced the price of the
necessaries of life. He thought the arguments heretofore
used in the debate tended to confuse the question, the
main points of which were exceedingly simple. The
agricultural body demanded that the nation should pur-
chase its food at their market price, but would
they consent to proffer to the working classes
wages equivalent to the prices they sought
to obtain? They had never yet done so. Were
they prepared to do so now? Yet this seemed an es
sential element in the case. Could they engage that all
the working classes should have their wages made com-
mensurate to the price they wished to keep agricultural
Produce at? By the old poor-law wages were raised in
proportion to the price of food, but the new poor-law
had done away with that. It was not so now. In the
election of 1841, two points w
One as
raised,w in order
to return a majority to that Hou:er.etheper-
petuation of protection to the agricultural interest, and
the other the restoration of the old poor-law; the latter
especially was much dwelt on as an electioneering cry
against the Whigs- who were charged with the odium of
that measure. Had the pledge then given been fulfilled?
No; they bad kept up prices by the corn-laws, and yet had
done nothing to mitigate the evils of the new poor-law
He was more particularly anxious to address the House
on that occasion, on account of the question of Ireland
having been raised. It was raised by the Hon. Member
who spoke last, and many other lion. Members
who preceded him. He must acknowledge s that
he disagreed with the great majority of Irish
landlords on this question, and so far troru his thinking
that agricultural protection was a benefit to Ireland, it
had, in his opinion, proved a curse to that country.—
(Hear, hear.) It was used as an argument in favour of
thecontintlance of the corn-laws in England, that England
had been in a prosperous state ever since their exist-
ence ; but this argument could out, at all events, be
applied to Irelind, for ever since the corn-lasys
had- been extended to that unfortunate country
nothing 'but misery had prevailed there.—(Hear, hear.)
'He thought that this measure was a matter of deep con-
cern to the whole of the Irish community. 'He had :lad
great hopes of the results whieh might arise froum,
the Commission tinder the Earl of Devon.
_oil:t-
he was disappointed, for he found • that thlintteCrests
mission had a reference only '
of the landlords, 'and had no referencewhateverthe
e to the
d It was evident
condition of the tenantry lir.er,l that the condition
from the report. of test
Commission
inn the extreme. Now, b
of the tenantry was wrete—
an. inlay into the relatioa.
9between Andlord an

tenant, he found that there was a decided advat tae o
the side of the proprietor of the soil—a remarkable;dvan-
tage, for he gave asingular evidence of the relation bete, ten
landlord and tenant, and of the advantages which Wee-e
likely to arise to both in consequence of their several
positions. By that return it appeared that the
whole of the benefit derived from the soil of Ireland
was not more than 14s, 2d. per acre, and that
the gross revenue of the country from that.
source was not more than 6,000,000/ per annum,
whereas it was known that although the soil of Eng-
land was not more than that of Ireland, that at least
40,000,000/. per annum were reali-ed. There was a
part of Ireland in which the protection of agriculture
Was not considered to be of any benefit to those cone
cerned in agriculture—he meant Ennisfail. Agriculture
and manufactures were then in a perfect union, and the
people were prosperous and happy—every class of society
was in the enjoyment of the comforts of life. For his
Own part, he dreaded not the repeal of the corn-laws ;
he dreaded not the lowering of the price of food. He
did not believe that the repeal of the corn-laws
would damage the interests of the agriculturists. In
fact, he was perfectly convinced that the lowering of the
price of food would increase the profits of the agricul-
turist, and that that increase would be followed by in-
creased employment; and the geeeral prosperity of the
people of this kingdom would • follow in such a
manner as could not be created ky the main.
tenanee of protection to agriculture. Ile Wished to
see Ireland cease to be a land in which vier:lture
was protected; and he wished to see Ireland dependrel,g
on her agricultural produce as well as her manufactures.
It was said that the corn-laws opened a market for her
agricultural produce in England and other countries ;
but of what benefit were such markets to the agricul-
turists of Ireland ?—(Hear, hear.) He admitted that
vast quantities of food were sent from Ireland to Eng-
land, the purchase of which cost the English millions
of money. But did Ireland benefit by such sales ?
The exports of the provisions from Ireland
instead of hiving conduced to her wealth, had led to her
wretchedness and misery. Those exports were not the
exports of her superfluities; they were the exports of her
means of existence ; they were the exports of those
things which the people should have to support ex-
istence and a comfortable life ; theywere taken from her
comforts, and they did not therefore benefit the people
of Ireland. The poor in that country were at the pre-
sent moment 'suffering under privations which no man
could at all conceive, and that fact, he submitted,
was a proof of the justice- and correctness of
his position. It was found that the number of acree in
Englani were not sufficient for the relief of her inhabe
tattle, and yet from Ireland, the acres of which were'pro-
portionately far less, they annually exported most im-
mense quantities of provisions. They were therefore
exporting the life and blood and substance of the
people of Ireland. The injury done or the people-
of Ireland by this means was incalculable. Such
a system produced the most barbarous murder's
and assassinations in various parts of Ireland. They
fell into those horrid crimes because they were without
employment, and deprived of the means of existence.
Such were some of the effects of agricultural protection.
When they go to Ireland, what do they find? They
find the people, except where those murders of an
agrarian nature took place, obedient to the laws. They
find the landlords living among their tenantry in peace
and in security; and if the landlord., of Ireland gave up the
system of agricultural protection, and turned their
thoughts and energies on the development of the country,
those crimes which he alluded to would be heard of no
more. Nothing would promote the happiness and com-
fort of the people so much as cheap corn, a,nd, therefore, he
was most anxious to see the tax on that necessary'
article of human food totally abolisteed. There was an-
other great fault committed by the rultsee of Ireland, in
not doing somethiug to enable the People to
get a better description of food. -1.1 ey are
now compelled to subsist on the potato, which is the
one of the lowest articles amongst all descriptions of
vegetable diet. But if they once made corn cheap by
removing all restrictions on that article, the people
would be enabled to procure it, and
.thus secure
for themselves a proper description of food, for
they could then command the corn market.
The potato was an article of food liable, from various
causes, to periodical injury, and he was therefore anx-
ious that a substitute should be provided for it by
the abolition of the corn-laws. If the landlords of Ire-
land, by a repeal of the corn-laws, were forced to adopt
other means for increasing their incomes than that which
land afforded, it would be better both for themselves and
for their tenantry.—(Hear.) They could also, by culti-
vating and, improving their land, increase to a consider-
able extent their present incomes.—(Hear.) In the
greater part of Ireland land at present is not more than
half cultivated, and lie was certain, if the tenants
were induced to improve the farms, the produce ,
might be double that which it at present
_is.
He (Mr. Sharman Crawford) would not refer to par-
ticular cases, but would address himself to the general
condition of the people of Ireland. There was no
period or season of the year at which a great por-
tion of the poorer class of the people were so
reduced as not to be able to procure food; He
did not mean to say that they were actually starved to
death ; but there the insufficiency of fo id, and the bad-
ness of its quality was such, as to produce the most
alarming consequences. Knowing such to be the case
amongst a large body of the poorer • classes,
he could not reconcile it to his conscience,
indeed he would hold himself accountable for the results,
if he did not protest against any mode of raising the
price of food.—(Hear, bear.) He considered it the
bounden duty of every landed proprietor to use his
best exertions to procure cheap food for the peo-
ple, and to counteract the many grievous calamities
that were consequent on a scarcity of food—the least
amongst which was not typhus fever. With regard to
the scarcity of food, he should say, that that very day he
had received a communication from districts with
which he was connected, infi,rming Liao that the
potatoes—the staple food of the poor—were en-
tirely destroyed, and that the people were obliged
to have recourse to oatmeal. Therefore, se.. itig all that,
he could not be indifferent to the great l,enetit that was
certain to be derived from the measure then introduced
by the Government ; and he should, therefore, feel it his
duty to give his most cordial support to the Guvernment.
proposition.—(Hear, hear.)
Mr. BAILLIE (whose opening observations were
wholly inaudible in the gallery) was underetoed to say,
that the Noble Lord the Mernber,for the City of Loudon,
in his address to the House last night, seemed to
assume and to take it for granted that free trade
must prove most beneficial under any circumstances,
If that was the opinion of the Noble Lord, how would
be reconcile it with the fact that foreign nations knew
well enough the value of protection to their national pro-
ductions? Foreign nations were well aware of the great
advantages which England possessed for manufactures.
This country had large manufactures and every facility
for production. We had rivers, and ships, and- every
means of carrying out our trade at a cheap rate ; and
we also could produce articles of manufactures of a
very fine quality which would . compete with them. It
was for that reason that foreign countries had erected
barriers in the shape of protection for their manu-
factures ; and if that was the case, how was it was pos-
sible for this country to have all those advantages from
free trade that they were led to exrect? France had
manufactures of her own, and if the manufactures of

this country were introduced into that country, we
should be competing with them to the injury of their
own trade. In India we had introduced our manufactures
of cotton goods, and that did away with their own beau-
tiful fabrics, to the great injury of the people
of
that country.—(Hear, hear.) Ever since the dominion
of England in India, there was more injury done by the
introduction of our manufactures there than bye which
all the
s
blood which had been shed or all the
itmhassaer their staple
had taken place. By doing
awayw of employment
production, we had thrown out
thousands of the people, who suffered by starvation.
This was the result of our free trade-doctrine there,
And having failed therefore, in all our endeavours to
induce foreign r ations to adopt free trade,
shall we try the experiment upon our own people ?
They had only to refer to the occurrences of the
last new years in order to be convinced of
the intimate connexion which existed between their
agricultural and co.nmercial prosperity. They need
not look farther back than 1848. It was in the recollec-
tion of every one what was the state of the country in
that year. Their trade and cote inerce was stag-
nant ; their manufacturers in the deepest consternation ;
thousands of their operatives thrown out of employment ;
the revenue fallen below the expentl.ture and threatening
the utmost commercial difficulties. Such was the state of
the country—to what was that state 'to be attributed? It
had succeeded several years of unexampled manufacturing
prosperity. He alluded to the period commencing in 1838.
Let them look however at the present state of things in
the country. All their;operatives were in full employment,
they were working on good and sufficient wages ;
they were happier and better: off than at any former
period in their history. To.what was this to be attributed?
lie did not wish to take away, and he was fully pre-
part d to do justice to the talent of the Right Hon. Baro-
net, but he was not prepared to give him the sole credit
of restoring the country. That altered state was to
be attributed to the three abundant harvests, commenc-
ing from the year 1841.—(Hear, hear.) How clearly
then, did not these facts demonstrate to us
how careful we should be to preserve the causes
that produce this prosperity and success ?—(clear.)
It was.not, however, his intention on that occasion to
enter into a discussion as to whether there. were
Pecuniary or 4gniry, burdens 'on the agriculturalpbrtion
of the community, tiecause he thought he
•should be
that
able to show the agriculturists laboured , under a
greater disadvantage on account of the_ competition
with the foreigner than from the peculiar and bea'f,
burdens on land. This disadvantage had not been duly
appreciated or considered in the course of tbeee
sionsi; but there was another disadvantage
(I,,,l;_pid :(7t
of the advocates of free trade prinell'l's _ uh7ch
rid of. He . meant the dis"lntag"laboured
the inhabitants of 'this
.ctouno.ry;_ier
climate
under on account of the inferiority of
ilw:dlie4la
to that of other eele,"4":',,, jij out they
finer description of grain.
t, e s
of
r,ar tn
.1. ei
had any reason. to believe
slriifol isti itigeet than
this country were
.17:"
lie had heard it stated that
tho 4 of other eetintrreie
to the arts of sgri;;Lti.
foreign countries
ture, and he believedwe there Wiwe intrur pint, of Germany
not inferior to our own. In Poland the Wages
of those engaged in agricultural eat. if.ts were as much
as the wages paid to those engaged in Athilar pursuits in
England. The soil was equally fertile, and the
corn realised 10 to 20 per cent. more in the
markets of England than our own. He knew
that.samples of wheat might be produced in 'Essex and
in some of the southern counties of England equal to the
wheat grown in Poland, but he spoke of what constituted
the whole produce of this country, which was ofii,sery
inferior quality, a,nd varied with the segaane..-
inferiority arose , from the .
:vat '.,heat 74' the
COlatriel t 9 , 114 alludedi_W-thilAtetura

~ • ~-'s~,

Fyn