The Sun.
London, England, 1846-09-12 00:00:00

kiat.

IRELAND.
LADOER RATE ACT—MEASURES OF RELIEF.
Drammr, SEPT. 9.—Further evidence has been given
by the Irish Government of a determination to carry out
the " Act to facilitate the employment of the labouring
poor" with promptitude and energy befitting the crisis,
which has rendered such a measure quite imperative, as
a means at once of employing and feeding the people.
In the Morning Chronicle of Monday last there was a
notification of twenty-four proclamations, issued by the
Lord Lieutenant, for holding baronial meetings in
eight different. counties. The Dublin Gazette of last
night contains no less than 34 additional proclamations,
for holding Extraordinary Presentment Sessions in
as many baronies or half-baronies in the counties oj
Clare, Cork, Kerry, Tipperary, Waterford, Galway,
Leitrim, Mayo, Roscommon, Sligo, Donegal, King's
County, Longford, Meath, and Limerick. Thus, the
Government has given the initiative with all possible
expedition, and it remains for the gentlemen possessing
property in those several districts to second the execu-
tive in its efforts to meet the terrible emergency by cor-
responding measures for employing the people. In this
case promptitude of action is, above all things, necessary,
as well on grounds of humanity as with a view to pre-
serve the peace of the country. The new proclamations
have reference to the following districts in which meet-
ings are to be held on the days named respectively:—

Bells and Fore, in the court-house at Kells, on Saturday,
the sth of September, 1846, " to draw up a statement to
be laid before the Lord-Lieutenant as to the nature of
the employment which ought to be provided for the poor
during the ensuing season," the Most Noble the Mar-
quis of Headfort in the chair, a report to his Excellency
the Lord Lieutenant having been adopted, " recom-
mending as the principle of future relief the adoption of
this maxim : —That the labour for which the land is
compelled to 'pay should be applied in developing the
productive powers of the land:"
And the following suggestions having been read by
the Archdeacon of Meath:—
It was moved by JoHN FARRELL, Esq., and seconded
by JOHN TISDALL, Esq.,
Resolved—That the suggestions now read be printed
and circulated as soon as possible through the baronies
of Upper and Lower Kells and Fore.
Moved by GEORGE BADIFoRD, Esq., and seconded by
the Rev. Mr. ..-....lrs'asTass,
Resolved—That a general meeting of the three ba-
ronies aforesaid, be called for Monday, the 21st instant,
to take the said suggestions into consideration.
Suggestions for promoting measures of relief on the
principle " that the labour for which the land is com-
pelled to pay, should be applied in developing the pro-
ductive powers of the land."
It being generally agreed that a rate sufficient to pro-
vide for the employment of labour should be levied in
each district, and that this rate should be paid by land-
lord and occupier, according to the poor-law valuation:
It is suggested that instead of this money being taken
from the farmers and wasted in useless and unproduc-
tive works, each person liable to pay this rate should
have the option of expending it upon his own land in ad-
ditional labour upon works tending as far as possible to
promote increased production of food.
That the most suitable and profligate works in each
locality would be best ascertained by inviting proposals
from the rate-payers, each for his own land. .
Various other suggestions follow.
The following is the report to the Lord-Lieutenant:—
"TO HIS EXCELLENCY JOHN WILLIAM EARL OF DES-
BOROUGH, LORD LIEUTENANT GENERAL AND GENERAL
GOVERNOR OF IRELAND.
" We, the Central Relief Committee of the baronies
of Upper and Lower Kells and Fore, having already, in
our several local committees, reported to your Excel-
lency our operations arising from the failure of last
year's potato crop, are now desirous of submitting our
unanimous opinion respecting the nature of the mea-
sures required to meet a yet more extensive calamity.
" We have, in the first place, to express our convic-
tion that the case which we are now called on to meet
differs, not only in degree, but also in the nature of
the evil, from that which we had to contemplate last
season.
" Last year, when it appeared that a considerable
portion of the food of the people had perished, we con •
fidently anticipated that at the return of harvest the
people would be restored to the enjoyment of their usual
supply. We had, therefore, to provide for a present,
but temporary, deficiency ; and our exertions for the
relief of the people were adapted to such an emergency.
" We did not then at all contemplate a remedy by pro-
ducing out of the ground a substitute for that which had
perished: the temporary necessity would have passed
away before such a remedy could have come into opera-
tion.
" All that was possible in the present distress was to
accomplish a fair and economical distribution of the food
which remained, supplying the actual deficiency by the
purchase of foreign corn.
" To effect this, it was only required that the labour-
ing population, who had lost their food, should be fur-
nished with more than ordinary resources in wages. The
readiest and the most available means of affording such
wages was found in the making and levelling of roads,
other works of the like description; and such works were
therefore, generally adopted.
" These works, we conceive, to have been suited to
the emergency, and highly useful for their temporal.:
purpose.
" But we feel called on to express our conviction tha
the present deficiency is not temporary, but permanent
None of us now entertain the expectation that next
year's potato crop will put an end to our difficulties by
supplying food for the people.
" We have to longer a temporary deficiency to meet,
and we cannot rely on those expedients which were
hastily adopted to meet a pressing, and, as it was hoped,
a passing emergency. We are satisfied that a continued
reliance on those expedients, so far from affording per-
manent relief, must inevitably aggravate the evils with
which we are now threatened, and prove highly in-
jurious to the true interests of all classes.
"For the question is not now of the distribution, but
of the production of food. We have not now to relieve
a temporary distress, but to make provision for the food
of a people.
" We cannot hope for the permanent supply of the
deficiency of our home produce from the introduction of
foreign corn, to be paid for by a tax on the land, which
has ceased to be productive.
" We cannot now look on any remedy as adequate or
safe which does not aim at producing out of the ground
a supply of food equal in quantity, and, if possible,
superior in quality, to that which the ground has here-
tofore produced.
" We are of opinion that such a remedy is to be
found only in the eteployment of additional capital and
labour on the land. It is to the united exertions of the
landowner, the farmer, and the labourer that we must
look for a substitute for the food which has perished.
" To stimulate their energies, and to direct the appli-
cation of the capital, the skill, and the labour of these
several classes to the increased cultivation of the land,
afford the only means of escaping from the evils with
which we are threatened.
" Any measures which tend to divert to other objects
the capital and labour which ought to be so employed,
must, to a corresponding extent, withdraw it from that
channel in which alone it can be really useful.
" To anticipate the available resources of the country,
and to compel or induce the outlay of them on public
works not productive of food, or of any commodity which
could be exchanged for food, must fearfully aggravate
the dangers of our position.
" Such, we are persuaded, must be the ultimate re-
sult, if the relief of distress in the ensuing year is to be
effected by the continuance of the system of public works.
" Under that system two classes, who have heavily
suffered in their incomes—the landowner and the occu-
pier—are taxed for the relief of the national distress,
which results from their peculiar misfortune. Their al-
ready lessened funds are taken away from them at a time
when the increased application of capital to the ground
is most essential to the national safety, and those funds
are employed in withdrawing the strength of the labourer
from the production of food, to expend it in a forced and
unnatural extent upon works which, when completed,
would leave him in a state of starvation as before.
" But this system of relief tends further to discourage
and paralyse the exertions of landowner and farmer still
more than it disables them. If the man who is willing
to employ additional labour on his own land, is also to
be taxed for the support of those labourers whom his
neighbour will not employ, he will be over-burdened, and
will be driven to relieve himself. This he cannot do but
by restricting his voluntary expenditure, and throwing
his labourers, as well as his neighbours, upon the com-
mon fund, as the only means of equalising their burdens.
Many who have employed additional labour already feel
that they will be constrained to adopt this course i❑
self-defence, if last year's system of relief be per.
sisted in.
" On these grounds, while we are prepared cheerfully
to undertake whatever burdens are necessary for the re-
lief of present distress, and to) make every exertion which
may be required to provide for. the future support of the
people ; and while we are willing and resolved, at all
hazards, to provide, by public works, the promptest re-
lief for immediate and urgent necessity, we feel it our
duty to deprecate the continuance of a system which
tends to discourage the exertions of landlord and farmer,
and to misapply the labour of the people. And we
earnestly recommend as the princip'e of future relief, the
adoption of the maxim--' That the labour for which the
land is compelled to pay, should be applied in developing
the productive powers of the land.'
" Private justice and public policy alike call for its
adoption, for the preservation of the people, under the
heavy calamity which it has pleased God to bring
upon us.

FRIDAY NIGHT'S GAZETTE
WAR-OFFICE, Sr.E 11, 1846.

7th Light Dragoons—Lieut. J. M. Hagart to be Captain,
by purchase, vice Wyndham, who retires; Cornet E. H.
Cooper to be Lieutenant, by purcbase, vice Hagart; C. F. C.
Colmore, Gent. to be Cornet, by purchase, vice Cooper,
Sept. 11.
13th Light Dragoons—Lieutenant J. E. Madocks to be
Captain, by purchase, vice Nicholson, who retires; Cornet
J. M. Clements to be Lieutenant, by purchase, vice Ma-
docks, Sept. 11 ; Cornet F. F. W. Harvey to be Lieutenant,
by purchase, vice Allgood, who retires, Sept. 12; A. Tre-
mayne, Gent., to be Cornet, by purchase, vice Clements,
Sept. 11; Sir H. H. Edwardes, Bart., to be Cornet, by pur-
chase, vice Harvey, Sept. 12.
Scots Fusilier Guards—Ensign and Lieutenant Francis
Haygarth to be Adjutant, vice Murray, who resigns the Ad-
jutantcy only, Sept. 11.
Ist Regiment of Foot—Staff Surgeon of the Second Class
A. Knox, M.D., to be Surgeon, vice Carson, who exchanges,
Sept. 11.
54th Foot—Ensign W. Marriott to be Quartermaster, vice
J. Willox, who retires upon half-pay, Sept. 11.
98th Foot—Captain R. G. Johnstone, from the Royal
Canadian Rifle Regiment, to be Captain, vice Hill, who ex-
changes, Sept. 11.
95th Foot—Lieutenant J. H. Carew, to be Captain, by
purchase, vice Baines, who retires ; Ensign J. N. Sargent,
to be Lieutenant, by purchase, vice Carew; G. C. Taylor,
Gent., to be Ensign, by burchase, vice Sargent, Sept. 11.
Rifle Brigade—Captain A. J. Lawrence, to be Major, by
purchase, vice Sullivan, promoted ; Lieut. C. H. Pollen to be
Captain, by purchase, vice Lawrence; Second Lieut. Hon. G.
Elliot to be First Lieutenant, by purchase, vice Pol!en ;
W. W. Knight, Gent., to be Second Lieutenant, vice Elliot,
September 11.
3d West India Regiment—W. Browne, Gent , to be As-
sistant-Surgeon, vice Thompson, appointed to the 85th Foot,
Sept. 11.
Royal Canadian Riffle Regiment—Captain Pt Hill, from
the 68th Foot, to be
.Captain, vice Johnston, who exchanges,
Sept. 11.
STAFF.—Paymaster A. Thompson, from half- pay 81st
Foot, to be Paymaster of a Recruiting District, vice Storey,
deceased, Sept. 11.
HOSPITAL STAFF.—Surgeon W. Carson, M.D., from the
Ist Foot, to be Staff Surgeon of the Second Class, vice Knox,
echo exchanges ; D. 0. Clayton, M.D., to be Assistant-Staff
Surgeon, vice Traquair, who resigns, Sept. 11.
UNATTACHED.—Major W. Sullivan, from the Rifle Bri-
gade, to be Lieutenant-Colonel, Sept. 11.
COMMISSARIAT.—The commission of Mr. M. Bailey, as an
Assistant Commissary-General, has been cancelled from the
25th July, 1846, inclusive, he having been permitted to re-
ceive a commutation in lieu of the half-pay of his rank.
MEMORANDUM—Lieutenant-Colonel William Ernst Jack-
son, on half-pay of the Royal Artillery, has been permitted
to retire from the Army, with the sale of a Lieutenant-
Colonelcy, he being about to settle in Nova Scotia, Sept. 11.
Commission by the Lord Lieutenant of Surrey.
R. W. Edgell, Esq., to be Deputy Lieutenant, August 14.
Commission by the Lord Lieutenant of Suffolk.
East Suffolk Regiment of Militia.—J. G. Sheppard, Esq.,
to be Captain, Jaly 14.

CLARE.
Barony of Moyarta, at Kilrush, Sept. 18.
Barony of Ibrickane, at Miltown Malbay, Sept. 19.
Barony of Corcomroe, at Ennistymon, Sept. 21.

BANKRUPTS.
Henry Sutton, builder, Holland-crescent, Barrington-road,
Brixton, Surrey, to surrender Sept. 25, at one, and Oct. 20,
at two, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Edwards, official assig-
nee, Frederick's-place, Old Jewry ; Kaye, Surrey-street,
Strand.
Charles Paddon, slop-seller, Charlotte-street, New-cut,
Lambeth, Sept. 25, at two, and Oct. 20, at eleven, at the
Court of Bankruptcy. Groom, official assignee, Abchurch-
lane ; Lloyd, Milk-street, Cheapside.
George Frederick Town Fowler, printer, Lillington-street,
Pimlico, Oct. 1, at eleven, and Oct. 27, at one, at the Court
of Bankruptcy. Edwards, official assignee, Frederick's-place,
Old Jewry ; Browne, Walbrook.
James Perkins, cheesemonger, Wenlock-street, Hoxton,
Sept. 25, at half-past two, and Oct. 27, at twelve, at the
Court of Bankruptcy. Edwards, official assignee, Frede-
rick's-place, Old Jewry ; Ashley, Shoreditch.
Peter Flitton, boot and shoemaker, Barley, Herfordshire,
Sept. 25, at eleven, and Oct. 20, at half-past one, at the
Court of Bankruptcy. Whitmore, official acsignee, 'Basing-
hall-street; Bronckhorst, Basinghall-street ; Burdett, Saffron
Walden, Essex.
Michael Shackletou, letterpress printer, Manchester, Sept.
23, and Oct. 13, at twelve, at the Manchester District Court.
Fraser, official assignee, Manchester ; Perkins, Regent-square,
Gray's Inn-road ; Parry, Manchester.
Henry Copner, mercer, Ludlow, Salop, Sept. 22, and Oct.
15, at twelve, at the Manchester District Court. Hobson,
official assignee, George-street, Manchester; Sale, Worth-
ington, and Shipman, Fountain-street, Manchester; Reed
and Langford, Friday-street, London.
Thomas Morris, linen-draper, Newcastle Emlyn, Carman-
thenshire, Sept. 29, and Oct. 27, at twelve, at the Bristol
District Court. Miller, official assignee, St. Augustine's-
place, Bristol ; Leman, Bristol.
Thomas Barrett, wood-turner, Stroud, Gloucestershire,
Sept. 21, and Oct. 27, at eleven, at the Bristol District
Court. Acraman, official assignee, Bristol; Phipps, Glouces-
ter; W. and C. Bevan, Bristol.
Edward Boaz Smith, timber merchant, Scarborough, York-
shire, Sept. 24, and Oct. 16, at eleven, at the Leeds District
Court. Kynaston, official assignee, Leeds; Rushworths,
Staple Inn, London; Sanderson, Leeds.
John Hardy, cattle dealer, Castle Donington, Leicester-
shire, Sept. 17, and Oct. 20, at twelve, at the Birmingham
District Court. Whitmore, official assignee, Birmingham ;
Scott and Tahourdin, Lincoln's Inn-fields, London; Smith,
Birmingham.
Edward Philpot, timber dealer, Ludlow. Shropshire, Sept.
29, and Oct. 15, at ten, at the Birmingham District Court.
Christie, official assignee, Birmingham ; Wright, Birmingham.
Henry Deverill, corn-factor, bto ke- u pon-Tren t, Sept. 29,
and Oct. 15, at ten, at the Birmingham District Court.
Valpy, official assignee, Birmingham ; Motteram and
Knowles, Birmingham.
Thomas Ward, malster, Nottingham, Sept. 22, and Oct.
20, at twelve, at the Birmingham District Court. Whitmore,
official assignee, Birmingham; Cann, Nottingham; James,
Birmingham.

DIVIDENDS.
At the Court of Bankruptcy, Basinghall-street.
F. Barham, surgeon, Osnahurgh-street, Regent's-Park,
Oct. 5, at half-past eleven.
In the Country.
J. Scott, flour dealer, Sheffield, Oct. 9, at eleven, at the
Town-hall, Sheffield—G. Hattersley, stove manufacturer,
Sheffield, Oct. 9, at eleven, at the Town-hall, Sheffield.
CERTIFICATES to be granted, unless cause be shown to
the contrary, on the day herein mentioned.
C. W. Graham, merchant, King's Arms-yard, Coleman-
street, Oct. 3—W. Groves, grocer, Huntingdon, Oct. 3—J.
Wyatt, common brewer, Ockham, Surry, Oct. 3—G. Free-
man, grocer, Croydon, Oct. 3—W. Green, boarding-house-
keeper, Dorset-place, Dorset-square, Oct. 3—W. Hunt,
printer, High-street, Marylebone, Oct. 3—G. Baxter, cur-
tier, Church-street, St. George's, Southwark, Oct. 3—R.
Bone, grocer, Durham, Oct. 6—T. Edwards, surgeon, Llan-
saintfraid, Montgomeryshire, Oct. 2—J. Scott, dour dealer,
Sheffield, Oct. 9—W. Sudlow, warehousekeeper, Liverpool,
Oct. G—J. Came, grocer, Falmouth, Oct. 6—W. G. IV.
Tayler, surgeon, Tywardreatli, Cornwall, Oct. 6—S. Smith,
grocer, Bristol, Oct. 2—J. Buttrey, commission agent, Man-
chester, Oct. 2—J. Evan, cheesemonger, lligh-street, Shore-
ditch, Oct. 2—J. T. Blurton, Piccadilly, Oct. 2—B. Kent,
lodging-housekeeper, Radley, Berkshire, Oct. 2.
PARTNERSHIPS DISSOLVED.
A. Barlow and N. Clode, brewers, Shirley, Hampshire—
J. Leader and T. Dooley, joiners, Liverpool—lV. S. Simpson
and C. Briggs, railway contractors, Downham, Cambridge-
shire—R. C. Preston and F. H. Moody, woollendrapers, Sid-
ney- alley, Leicester-square—H. Horner, W. B. Homer, and
F. Horner, engineers, Sheffield—E Shenton and E. Easther,
common brewers, Winchester—A. Reynolds, F. IV. M.
Collins, and C. Gregory, printers, Charterhouse-square (so
far as regards C. Gregory)—S. Cheshire and J. Little, tea
dealers, Chester—T. and S. Lloyd, timber merchants, Liver-
pool—J. and G. Corbett, farmers, Croft, Lincolnshire—W.
H. and J. Coombs, builders, Benets-hill, Doctors'-commons
—M. Crighton, J. Crighton, and W. Crighton, machine-
makers, Manchester--A. Lambert and F. Whitefield, milli-
ners, St. James's-street, Pall-mall—M. Keating and NV. Y.
Dent, land surveyors, Leeds—F. Pyne and IV. Knight,
printers' block makers, Vineyard-walk, Coppice-row, Clerk-
enwell—J. and R. Higgin, wine merchants, Salford—T.
Ragg, B Hunt, and W. E. Hunt, printers, Birmingham—
R. Wight and T. Forster, ironfounders. South Shields—W.
Egan and A. Scully, ironmcmgers, Bradford—J. Gemmill and
J. Gemmill, jun., merchants, Liverpool.

SCOTCH SEQUESTRATIONS.
William Turnbull, flesher, Airdrie, Sept. 15 and Oct. 6, at
twelve, at Drummond's Hotel, Airdrie.
William Dickinson, jun., wine merchant, Glasgow, Sept.
16 and Oct. 7, at two, at the chambers of Messrs. Scott and
Stevenson, Glasgow.
Charles Shank and Company, commission agents, Glas-
gow, Sept. 16 and Oct. 7, at two, at the Eagle Inn, Glasgow.
John M'Cliesh, surgeon, Edinburgh, Sept. 16 and Oct. 8,
at one, at the Royal Exchange Coffeehouse, Edinburgh.
PRICE OF SUGAR.
The average price of Brown or Muscovado Sugar, the pro-
duce of the British possessions in America, computed from
the returns made in the week ending September 8, 1846, is
325. 7d. per cwt.

Believing that in free discwssion will be found the
best means of supplying a principle so essential to the
national welfare, we shall direct the attention of our
baronies to the subject, and we respectfully recommend
it to your Excellency's consideration."
DEPARTURE OF MR. O'CONNELL.
The Tipperary. Vindicator of this day contains the
following :
" Mr. O'Connell leaves Dublin to-day (Wednesday)
for Darrynane Abbey, where he intends to sojourn
for some weeks, to imbibe fresh vigour from his
native mountain air, and to prepare for another cam-
paign for the benefit of Ireland. He will sleep in
Monastereven to-night, and on to-morrow he will
pass through Roscrea and Nenagh, on his way to
Limerick, where he will dine and sleep to-morrow
night. He is to be accompanied as far as Nenagh by
the Head Pacificator. He is expected to arrive in Ne-
nagh between three and four o'clock to-morrow, and
already we are rejoiced for the honour of our noble
county to say that preparations are making to give him
a ceade mille failtha, to show him that he lives and
reigns the sole idol of a brave and determined people's
political affections. On Monday the town council of
Nenagh met, and unanimously voted an address to him,
which is to be presented on Thursday. A vote of confi-
dence in his integrity, wisdom, and matchleas zeal as the
great guide and leader of the Irish people, was also
voted to him by that body."

COURTS OF CONSERVANCY.
THE NAVIGATION OF THE THAMES.
Yesterday an adjourned Court of Conservancy was
held by the Lord Mayor at Stratford, for the purpose of
receiving a special presentment of certain encroachments
and obstructions erected in Hole Harm, a navigable
creek of the Thames, which Separates Canvey Island
from the main land on the Essex coast.
At the last sessions of the Court the jury had made a
similar presentment, omitting, however, to state the
names of the parties who had placed the obstructions in
the creek. The Court, under these circumstances, re-
fused to receive the presentment, and directed the City
solicitor to prepare a presentment and summon witnesses
to show who had erected the nuisances complained of,
and yesterday the jury assembled at three o'clock, having
previously again viewed the creek. The Lord Mayor
attended to preside, assisted by the Town Clerk, who,
in the absence of the Recorder, charged the jury, who
having examined the witnesses named on the back of the
bill, returned to the Court, finding that the obstructions
in question had been placed by, or under the direction
of, William Hilton, Eig , the treasurer of the Commis-
sioners of the Canvey Island, and it is understood that
the Commissioners intend to justify the placing of the
breakwaters in the creek, under the authority of the Act
of Parliament.

The Lord Mayor then proceeded to Greenwich, where
the Court of Conservancy for the county of Kent was
held. The jury, after retiring for about an hour, re_
turned into Court, finding true bills against the Patent
Fuel Company and the proprietors of two charcoal works
on the Thames, for a nuisance in discharging deleterious
refuse of the works into the Thames. They likewise
made presentments against the owners of the tanyard in
Deptford Creek, for choking up the channel with refuse
tan ; and also against the proprietor of Deptford Pier.
The Town Clerk thanked the jury for their attendance,
and was about to discharge them, when the Lord Mayor
desired to know whether they had any observation to
make about the Garden Stairs Pier ?
They stated that they had no presentment, and after
having inspected the pier they returned, and said that
the jury could not agree in a verdict, whereupon the jury
were discharged, and the Court adjourned at a late hour

A WITTY PRISONER.—Not long since, the chaplain
of one of our state prisons being engaged in preparing
a table of crime, held the following dialogue with a pri-
soner. Chaplain : Well, what brought you here ?
Prisoner : The sheriffs, Sir. Chaplain : But I want
to know if liquor had anything to do with it ? Prisoner :
Oh yes, sir, they were both drunk !—American Paper.
Many of the slaves escape from the French West
Indian islands to the nearest free island under theßritish
crown. They effect the passage in open boats.

TEE

FATAL POACHING AFFRAY.

NEWTON ABBOT, TUESDAY.—An examination took
place yesterday, before Mr. H. Cartwright and Mr. R.
Flamank, magistrates of this district, relative to an
affray which took place on Saturday night, between a
party of poachers and the gamekeepers of Sir 'Walter P.
Carew, Bart., of Haccombe-house, in which a young
farmer, William Setter, who was assisting the keepers,
was shot by one of the poachers. It appeared from the
evidence of the witnesses, that the principal keeper,
Festus Harris, accompanied by the gardener, when pass-
ing by one of the preserves, on Saturday, heard the re•
port of fire-arms in such rapid succession as led him to
conclude that a formidable gang of poachers were out.
Fearing to encounter them alone, the keeper called to
their assistance Mr. Robert Rendell, a neighbonring
farmer, William Setter (the deceased), and four other
persons. Guided by the reports, the keeper and his
party proceeded to a spot called Blendfield, where they
came up with the poachers, whose number, owing to the
darkness of the night, they could not ascertain. The
keeper's party having so disposed themselves as to pre-
vent _escape, it was arranged that two should enter the
field, and that the word "gate" should be the signal to
those outside. Mr Rendelland the deceased had no sooner
got into the field than they saw one of the gang making
towards them with a gun in his hand. The signal was
given, and whilst the keeper and the others were ap-
proaching, the poacher (who was now recognised as a
man named Henry Warren) was commanded by Mr.
Rendell to surrender. To this he paid no attention, but
raising the gun (a double barrel) to his shoulder, he
moved forward a few paces, when Mr. Rendell said,
"We know you ; you had better not fire." Warren,
perceiving he had no chance of escape, his party being
some distance off, discharged one barrel at Setter and the
other at Mr. Rendell. The unfortunate man fell, and
Mr. Rendell, who had felt the charge pass close to his
head, rushed in upon Warren, who made a violent re-
sistance, but was eventually secured, his companions
having escaped. The wounded man, who had received
the whole of the charge in his abdomen, was carried to
the house of Mr. Elias Rendell, of Buckland, where he
received such assistance as could at that late hour be
procured. On the following morning the best surgical
aid was obtained, but, there appearing no chance of his
recovery, Mr. Cartwright, who was informed of the cir-
cumstances, attended and took his depositions, which
were reduced to writing-. Setter, after he had signed the
depositions, never rallied, and expired on Sunday after-
noon. The prisoner was brought before the magistrate
on Monday for examination. In addition to the facts
above described, the surgeon who made the pact mort,m
examination of the body stated that the wound was
about two inches in length, from which the bowels pro
truded. A number of small-sized shot were found, in
the entrails, and the liver was extensively lacerated.
One of the links of a watch chain worn by the deceased
was found in the stomach. Mr. Rendell stated, that
after the prisoner was secured, he said he was very sorry
for what he had done, and that he only wished that the
gun had broken in pieces when he first took it into his
hand. The prisoner, who made no defence, was fully
committed for trial at the next assizes, on the charge of
the "Wjlrul Murder" of William Setter, and another
for shooting at Robert Rendell, with intent to kill, &a.
One of his associates has been apprehended and com-
mitted on a charge of poaching. This terrible affray
has caused great consternation in the neighbourhood,
where game is strictly preserved, but where there is a
vast deal of poaching, the practice being rather favoured
than resisted by the generality of the farmers, many
whom regard the game as an intolerable grievance.

DARING AND EXTENSIVE
ROBBERY.
A robbery was committed early on Sunday meriting,
on a gentleman from Carlisle, of a most daring nature.
The gentleman arrived from Carlisle by coach about
half-past one in the morning, and intended going to the
Harrow Inn. When he got to the High-street he
turned to the left, and not knowing the street in which
the inn was, he inquired of a man at South Gray's Close,
who told him that by going down that close and along
the Cowgate he would reach the inn. Mr. Brown (the
traveller) did not observe the man who so instructed
him follow down the close after him. But scarcely had
he reached the middle of it, when three men suddenly
seized and dragged him into a house, which was dark,
one of them holding him so firmly by his neckcloth,
that he could not call out, and all of them threatening
to murder him if he spoke. Immediately on getting
him into the house, the ruffians threw their victim down
on his face, and held him there. In an instant, another
man, accompanied by two women, made their appearance.
The latter seized Mr. Brown by the feet; while the former
proceeded to rob him, the other three holding on as
already described. In trying to resist, one of the men
gave Mr. B. a tremendous blow on the side, on the nape
of the neck, and also on the temples. They then
turned their victim on his back, used most violent
language, and threatened more violent deeds. They
then rifled his pockets, and took from him a memoran-
dum and a cheque-book containing bills and bank-notes
to the amount of 875/. They consist of cheques on the
Bank of England, payable seven days after sight, one
for 3001., one tor 2001., one for 1001., and three for 501.;
two bills, one for 121. and the other for 11/. 103. ; and
the remainder in 10/. and 5/. bank notes. It is believed
that the bills have been all burned. It is a wonder that
the robbers should have allowed 10 sovereigns, which
the gentleman lad in one of his pockets, to escipe their
vigilance. When the ruffians had effected the robbery
they ran out of the house, followed by the gentleman
but he being stunned by the suddenness of the attack.
and bewildered from not knowing where he was, the)
escaped. In pursuing them he called to the police; but
from the place being in a back lane, a short time elapsed
before an officer came, to whom he related the par-
ticulars of the robbery. Information was imimdiatel)
given to the lieutenant on duty, and soon after, six men
and two women of suspicious character were appre-
hended, but none of the money was found upon them.
They have been remanded to i hursday fur further ex-
amination. In the meantime payment of the bills and
cheques has been stopped at the banks, and it is under-
stood that the officers of justice are in possession of such
facts as will lead to the recovery of a considerable part of
the property, and also to the conviction of the parties
who have been apprehended. It is somewhat singular
that, when the gentleman who was robbed was taken
next day to the house hi which the deed wcs perpe-
trated, he could not recognise the dwelling, and was
only satisfied on seeing his carpet-bag, hat, and um-
brella, which, in his hurry, he left on the morning of
the robbery. His pocket-book was found lying not far
from the house, having evidently- been thrown out of a
window.—Edinburgh Weehly Register.

SANATORY CONDITION OF
CAMBRIDGE.
We beg to direct the attention of our readers to a letter,
and to a few remarks on this subject which we made
last week, and which some of our London contemporaries
considered not unworthy of a more extended circulation.
There is, we think, much truth and one or two useful
hints in the letter of our correspondent ; and when the
valuable doctrines of agricultural chemistry come to be
better understood, we believe that agricultural improve-
ment and sanatory reform will go hand in hand. Thrift
will protect us against pestilence. Much has already
been accomplished in this important province. Our
cities are no longer absolute accumulations of the filth of
centuries. Years, as they roll on, do not, as they once
did, deposit in our streets successive strata of unwhole-
some sod We know one or two cases in which it has
been actually ascertained that causeways had risen in
the course of successive ages till the ground-floors of the
houses on each side had actually sunk down in cellars.
This is no longer the case. The scavenger has in same
measure superseded the doctor. Much of the refuse of
our towns enriches our fields. And it must be con-
fessed that though not practically carried out to any
great extent, juster ideas on this subject are beginning
to prevail. Still there is much to be accomplished. Much
that is valuable is still thrown away. It is not only lost.
it is permitted to contaminate the atmosphere which we
breathe, and to pour down a tributary pestilence into the
streams which we drink. How many millions of money
are thus annually wasted ! Why should a source of na-
tional treasure, equivalent almost in annual amount to
the interest of the national debt, be permitted not only
to lie waste—to remain unproductive, but even to poison
the very air and water—to foster disease—to destroy, in-
stead of nourishing life ? Those very substances which.
in a state of decay and putrefaction, exhale a periodical
plague and destroy millions, might, in the hands of skill
and science, and good husbandry, sustain millions. There
is an old Scotch proverb which says, and who can deny
it ?—that " muck is the mother of the meal-chest."
Manure is a treasure. Why should this treasure be per-
mitted to accumulate around us—to stagnate under our
houses—to disgust us in our streets—to smite us down
with disease—to generate an everlasting, though insi-
dious plague, by actually and constantly diffusing death
around us, and swelling our tables of mortality, when a
little thrift, a little common sense, a little wise pre-
caution, and very little science, would transform it into
the golden fruit of an overflowing harvest ? Guano in-
deed !We havo guano in our sewers—we are guanoed
to death ; and yet we traverse the ocean to import what,
in another form, is killing us daily and by inches in
revenge for being neglected. Thanks to our corres-
pondent fur this hint. We shall have more to say upon
this subject, and on the subject of baths. Let it not be
imagined that Cambridge is positively a pig-sty. It is,
we presume, much upon a footing in point of cleanliness
with other English towns, though labouring, of course,
under the peculiar disadvantage of being located in a
dead flat. Though a classical city, it wants the Acro
polls of Athens and the seven hills of imperial Rome.
Its learned atmosphere is little disturbed by the invigo-
rating sea-breeze. The more public streets are tolerably
swept, and though the Castle-hill has been incarcerated
for some time within the county prison, the college walks
and one or two pleasant pieces (so-called) discharge
pretty well the functions of public lungs. But the pes-
tilence is beneath. It is a subterraneous calamity which
we lament ; and we must agitate the institution of a
astheneldvattoghtelecchsotainoffip. any to pump up this pestilence, and, with
110Ifi caomnbvreidrtgei tAitinvteor
inational wealth

SHEEP HORNS.—An arrival of rather a novel cha-
racter has taken place by a vessel from Constantinople,
which may be particularly noticed, even on account of
its extent—viz., the large number of 59,656 sheep horns.
The sheep bred and reared in this country have, gene-
rally speaking, no horns, excepting the description
known as rams, but it may be judged that Turkish
sheep are possessed of that particular feature, as the
same vessel brought several hundred packages of sheep
and lamb skins, and, therefore, the horns may be con-
sidered as part and parcel of the same produce. Such an
importation from Turkey appears to us to be very usualun-
.
and remarkable, especially to the extent men-
tioned in the present instance.

POLICE INTELLIGENCE.

- --
ANION-HOUS.
THEE CITY POLIM
CE.— SA
remarkableE scene took lace
labouringyest,rday. A labouring man named. Willem Burke
was put to the bar, and a man named Lockwood, the
foreman of a gang of men who have been employed in
making repairs on the premises of Messrs. Tegg, book-
sellers, in Cheapside, appeared upon bail to answer the
charge of Burke.
Inspector Waller, of the City police, stated that on
the 18th of August the house of Mr. Ledger, hat manu-
facturer, of Cheapside, was entered by thieves at the
back of the premises in Pancras-lane, and robbed of
cash to the amount of 2301. On Thursday night Burke
called in a state of intoxication at the station-house, and.
at ter expressing a desire to see the policeman who had
been near the premises on the night of the robbery, and
whom the Commissioner had discharged in consequence
of neglect of duty, declared that Lockwood was the
person who committed the robbery. Burke was de-
tained, and witness considered that under the circum-
stances the most proper course that could be pursued
was to submit the case for investigation before the
magistrate.
Alderman WILSON having ascertained that Burke,
whose manner was rather eccentric, was perfectly sober
upon being brought up, desired him to say what he knew
upon the subject.
Burke said that he was one of the men employed npon
Mr. Tegg's premises to repair them, under the authority
of Lockwood, the foreman, and that on the morning of
the robbery he found a lamp rolled up in an old coat
belonging to the foreman in the warehouse, and handed
it to the foreman in the warehouse, who said, " Let it
be." That lamp was fbund upon the premises, when it
was discovered that the hou,e of Mr. Ledger was plun-
dered, and he (witness) was sure it was the same. He
remembered it was covered with mortar at the time.
Alderman WILSON completely investigated the case,
and found there was not the slightest ground for the
charge of .robbery against Lockwood, who, it appeared,
had discharged Burke and another of the men for
drunkenness two days before. The Alderman declared
that he did not believe one word that been uttered by
Burke, and said that the foreman would leave the Jus-
tice-room without a taint on his character.
Mr. Barnes, architect, of the Old Jewry, stated that
he had bailed Lockwood, who had at once consented to
have his lodgings searched, and showed in every possible
way that he knew nothing whatever of the robbery.
Mr. Ledger was satisfied that Lockwood knew no-
thing of the robbery. He then said he felt it necessary,
as an inhabitant of Cheapside, to make a serious com-
plaint against the management of the City Police. On
the night the robbery had taken place in his house, the
policeman, under order to watch the neighbourhood,
actually saw two men, who no doubt had just committed
the plunder, jump over the palings into Pancras-lane,
and run down the lane, and allowed them to escape,
without having made any effort to check their flight.
If the policeman had only sprung his rattle, the thieves
must have been taken. He was given to understand that
one policeman in this district having been taken
ill his duty was divided between two others, who thus
had to attend to increased labour, and had a responsibi-
lity of a severe nature placed upon them, which ought
to have been filled by a reserved policeman. Why the
inhabitants of the City should be subjected to the con-
sequences of so meagre a system of protection he could
not see. It was quite absurd to suppose that a police•
man, who had such 'an extensive round to take, could
effectively perrorm the duties required of him. The in-
habitants paid heavily for the police, and it was really
a most serious affitir that a robbery, such as had taken
place at his house, should have been perpetrated almost
within sight of one of the force. Certainly the Com-
missioner had most promptly and vigorously investigated
the case, and had discharged the negligent officer, but
what satisfaction was that for the serious less sus-
tained ?
Inspector Waller, in answer to several questions put by
Alderman Wilson, said that the Commissioner had dis-
missed the officer upon hearing the statement, and give
an account of the number of policemen kept as a reserve
in the, event of illness or other casualty, which was by
no means satisfactory to the Alderman.
Alderman WILSON, after having expressed great re-
gret at the necessity which existed for complaint, said
the inhabitants must be aware that the Aldermen had
now no control whatever over the police. Instead of
having but a few men in reserve to meet any emergency,
the force ought always to have at least fifty to resort to.
On the old ward system there were always numbers of
men ready to fill up the places of those who were not
able to attend. lie was gratified at the conduct of Mr.
Ledger in coming forward to make the statement to
which he had up to that moment been a stranger, and he
trusted that the facts disclosed would lead to an inquiry
calculated to establish more completely the security of
property in the city.
Burke was then fined five shillings for drunkenness,
and not being able to pay was ordered to be imprisoned
for seven days, very much to the satisfaction of the
bystanders.