The Sun.
London, England, 1848-04-05 00:00:00

II )
XlltAling l"1-;' int

L°ICI)4)NI
WEDNESDAY, APRIL 5, 1848.

There must, undoubtedly, have been a sensation of
despondency on the minds of the most resolute sup-
porters of the Jewish Disabilities Bill even
in the moment when its triumphal passage through
Committee was announced ,
es'erua y morn-
ing by the tellers of the Rouse of Cl
chomo-
a melancholy'
y
mons. They must have experienced
regret in the very midst of their exultation, a regret
that the principles of religious intolerance were still
cherished by the more fanatical admirers of Christi-
anity. They could not fail to recognise, however un-
illingly, the continued existence of that prejudice
against the " chosen people" of Jenovan, which in
past generations produced such devilish and dastardly
persecutions. Like the gradual and almost antitheti-
cal disappearance of the daylight, as it is wonderfully
depicted by KIaLE WHITE, when he says in the
opening couplet of his " Clifton Grove,"--
" Lo! in the west fast fades the lingering light,
And day's last vestige takes its silent flight,"
the disappearance of the malign spirit of intolerance
is at once rapid and retarded. Among the mass of
the population there is possibly nothing more ab-
horred than bigotry, yet, notwithstanding the uni-
a ersality of this sentiment of benevolence, there are
still individuals ,nho would fashion the creed of their
fellow- creatures by the compression of the Scaven •
ger's Daughter, or by the thumb-scr©w of the Inqui-

sition. The fact is obvious beyond all contradiction.
It would have been sufficiently attested, ifPby nothing
else, at least, by the agitation excited by the election
of ROTHSCHILD, and by the subsequent Bill of Thus-
SELL. The last ghost of exclusiveness was there at-
tempted to be laid by the solemn anathemas of the
law, and the worshippers of the obsolete system con-
centrated their powers in a final struggle for its pre-
servation.
From the very commencement of the contest
in behalf of the political emancipation of the
Israelites, it was evident that the opponents of the
proposed measure were actuated with the ardour of
animosity, while its supporters, on the contrary, were
inspired by a profound reliance upon numerical

strength and ethical propriety. The one was violent
from despair, the other was languid from conviction.
The one was jealous, rancorous, and vociferous, the
other was characterised by a calmness that almost
imparted to it an aspect of indifference. From the
first the triumph of justice might have been predicted.
From the first it became manifest that men like
my Lord WINCHILSEA would be left in a minority as
" ridiculously small " as the eighteenpence of
MONTAGUE TIGG. There is now no longer
any room for mere conjecture. The battle
has been fought, and the champions of civil and re-
ligious liberty have again proved victorious—the
Jew Bill has already passed through Committee in
the Lower House, and will speedily be carried
through the House of Peers, until the magic words
La reine la veute transforms the proposition into an
enactment. -

According to a moderate calculation, the number
of the Hebrew race, resident and naturalised in Eng-
land, is said to be somewhere about 30,000. It is a
diminutive portion, we will allow, of so vast a popu-
lation. Still those 30,000 contribute, by their la-
bours, by their intelligence, by their property, and
by their enterprise, towards the national prosperity.
Their instalment of the taxes finds its way into the
coffers of the Treasury as surely as the instalment of the
most orthodox congregation in the United Kingdom.
At the bar, in the army, in the navy, in the marts of
merchandise, may be found the active representatives
of this long-proscribed and degraded family. Through
the generous interposition of the Legislature, they
have been relieved one by one of the manacles rivetted
upon them by our ancestors, the magistracy has been
opened to them, they are eligible to the responsible
office of sheriffs, they are possessors of the lective
franchise. But one restriction remained upon the
Israelites—but one—the fragment of the galling
chain which their forefathers had worn for centuries.
They were not admissible to a seat in Parliament.
This was the last residue of the: intolerance of
a comparative antiquity. It was to dissipate for
ever the very remembrance of our ancestral fanaticism,
by destroying this last shred of that garment of de-
rision which had been flung years ago over the
shoulders of the Jews, that Lord JOHN RUSSELL
proposed the erasure of the obstructive expression
from the obnoxious Oath of Abjuration. Happily that
proposition has been welcomed with an earnestness
quite in accordance with the generous character of
the Legislature and with the liberal requirements of
the age. In spite of the misrepresentations of Mr.
ADDERLEY, in spite of the supercilious and rather
vulgar sarcasms of Mr. GORING, in spite of the in-
temperate antagonism of Mr. CUNNING BRUCE, and
the pert interposition of Mr. LAW—the Bill for the
removal of the Jewish disabilities has been carried suc-
cessfully through the Committee of the House of
Commons. There is consequently no farther doubt
as to the introduction of the Baron LsofsEr. DE
RoTnscninD into that Legislative Chamber to which
he has been spontaneously elected by the Christian
inhabitants of the metropolis of Great Britain. This
will be the splendid consummation of the great cause
with which the name of Lord JOHN RUSSELL is for
ever associated, the sacred and sublime cause of civil
liberty and religious toleration.

The French Republic is peculiarly happy in its
Minister for Foreign Affairs. Upon M. LAMARTINE
devolves the execution of all the difficult and delicate
tasks which perplex and inconvenience the new
Government, and in the execution of these affairs he
displays a tact and adroitness far greater than even
his well-known abilities would have led us to antici-
pate. It is proverbially remarked that great writers
are not eloquent, or, if occasionally their genius is
evinced by some brilliant declamation, their general
conversation is deficient in rhetorical ability. How-
ever, LAMARTINE, on the contrary, seems prepared
for every emergency. It is not in vain that he has
conned the experience of history, and pondered over
those hidden truths which contain the solution of all
political problems, neither is it in vain that he has
exercised his powers of composition and embellished
his natural genius with all the graces of style ; for
that constant study and constant practice have ren-
dered the great principles which he advocates con-
tinually present to his mind, and enable him on all
occasions to demonstrate and enforce them with un-
questionable skill and most impressive eloquence.
Hence, as we have already said, he is prepared for
every emergency, and hence the French Government
is peculiarly fortunate in having him to assist them
in evading their perplexities. LAMARTINE'S pe-
culiar abilities have been more especially called
into operation by the numerous deputa-
tions which, in his character of Foreign Minister,
it has been his duty to receive. These deputations,
at least many of them, under various and most
plausible pretexts, were so many instigations to war.
While the avowed object of the French Republic was
the preservation of peace, in those sacred names of
Liberty and Fraternity which she has adopted as her
watchword, France has been summoned by foreign
nations to arm herself and co-operate with them. In
answering these demands it was incumbent on
the French Minister—the Minister of a new Re-
public, —to respond heartily and entirely to
such democratic appeals, and to tender the most
earnest assurances of the sympathy and co-operation
of France, while at the same time it was equally in-
cumbent on the Minister who had proclaimed the
doctrine of universal peace to refuse his assent to
every
hofaseiitnhvesaruridcahbv7peal. In this embarrassing position
LAMARTINB has repeatedlyfound himself placed, but he
ifficzyitl,aaanddmdtmabilseseddexeteverriytyd,epsutetearteiodn withelear
their demands rejected, yet their hearts filled with admi-
ration and gratitude towards France and her Foreign
Minister. He, this new Minister, as yet unpractised
in the wiles of diplomacy,
d has already acquired the
ifficult art of making a
refusal as agreeable as a
concession. This was the case in the interview which
he held with the deputation of the Poles. They
came to solicit assistance in effecting their emancipa-
tion, an assistance which they naturally imagined
the young Republic would concede to them. But
LAMARTINE, however much he may have sympa-
thised with their endeavours, still adhered to those
pacific principles which he well knew were most ad-
vantageous to the cause of liberty. Nevertheless,
he did not refuse assistance to Poland, but he enu-
merated the great reforms then transpiring all over
Europe, and exclaimed, "Behold the weapons we
have put into your hands ! These last thirty days
have done more for democracy than thirty battles."
Another deputation has recently waited on the
French Minister, which has, in a peculiar manner,
elicited an evidence of his diplomatic adroitness. On
Saturday the deputation of the Irish insurgents pre-
sented to the Provisional Government the address

n. In this address, it
decided from the Irish people, re-
uP°lie Irish speak to the French
will be remembered, t
cefnticy"gratulation
address freemen," and the
as slaves should
d rebellion. On Monday assistance in their propose
M. LA-
sawhole tenor of the conaposition is a prayer for French
this important document was presented.h
.kaarNE alone received the Iris
visitors. his
reply, of course, expressed the gratification with
which France must necessarily receive all such de-
monstrations of sympathy and congratulation ; but,
so far from responding to the rebellious sentiments of
Ireland, Lord CLARENDO7.I himself could not have
discountenanced them more entirely. The Irish
must fight their battle alone (if it is to be fought) ;
not one soldier, not one additional pike, will they
get from France. Let those who count upon such as-
sistance listen to LAMARTINt. " We are at peace," said
he, " and we are desirous of remaining on good terms of
equality, not with this or that part of Great Britain,
but with Groat Blitaiu oi,Lite. iielieve Luis
peace to be useful and honourable, nut only to Great
Britain and the French Republic, but to the human

race. We will not commit an act—we will not utter
a word—we will not breathe an insinuation at va-
riance with the principles of the reciprocal inviola-
bility of nations which we have proclaimed, awl of
which the continent of Europe is already gathering
the fruits. The fallen monarchy had treaties and
diplomatists. Our diplomatists are nations—our
treaties are sympathies. We should be insane were
we openly to exchange such a diplomacy for un-
meaning and partial alliances with even the moat le-
gitimate parties in the countries which surround us.
We are not competent either to judge them or to
prefer some of them to others ; by announcing our
partisanship of the one side we should declare our-
selves the enemies of the other. We do not wish to
be the enemies of any of your fellow-countrymen.
We wish, on the contrary, by a faithful observance
of the Republican pledges, to remove all the preju-
dices which may mutually exist between our neigh-
bours and ourselves. This course, however
painful it may be, is imposed on us by the law of
nations, as well as by our historical remembrances."
He proceeded to say that the cause of the great war
between France and England had originated in Mr.
PITT'S interference in the internal government of
France ; " and," added he, " this cause of dissension
between Great Britain and ourselves we will never
renew, by taking any .similar course." The Deputation,
as usual, withdrew, exclaiming " Vive la Republique!
—Vive le Gouvernement Provisoire !—Vive LAMAR.
TINE !"—nevertheless, in spite of their acclamations,
we are inclined to think they must have been im-
measurably disappointed and somewhat crest-fallen.
Mr. O'BusErt will hardly now, we imagine, venture
to consult LAMARTINE as to the proposed National
Guard of Ireland; or perchance the latter, in pur-
suance of his non-interfering policy, may refer him
for advice on the subject to the Duke of WELLINGTON.

_ -
This interview, if it had no other effect, would be
interesting as affording, both by the individuals who
composed it, and the terms of the two addresses, an
illustration of the vivid contrast existing between
enlightened liberalism and true philanthropy and
pseudo-patriotism and an ambition for notoriety.
How insignificant did the Irish delegates, with the
flaming and insensate rhetoric of the slaves addressing
freemen, appear beside the French Minister, earnestly
and eloquently upholding liberty, but yet proclaiming
peace, and appealing to the experience of history as a
corroboration of the inestimable efficacy of amity
among nations in preserving and promoting the wel-
fare of each and all. M. LAMARTINR'S speech may,
and doubtless will, occasion some disappointment to
the insurgent and disaffected people of England and
of Ireland, but it cannot fail to diffuse immeasurable
satisfaction to all true friends of England, and Ire-
land, and France. We are inclined to think, indeed,
that the covert reproof of the French Republic will
have as much effect in stilling the agitation of Irish
Liberals as the menaces of the English Government,
or even the strenuous and praiseworthy exertions of
Lord CLARENDON. For this valuable assistance at
such a time we owe M. LAMAIVIINE our cordial and
grateful felicitations.

Madrid journals of the 29th ult. have arrived.

The capital continued quiet. Tw3 prisoners con-
demned to death by the Court-martial for the part
they took in the recent emeute have been pardoned by
the QUEEN.
General BUIS VAN HALEN and NOGITERAS left
Madrid on the 28th in obedience to the orders of the
Government.

MADRID BOLSA, MARCH 29.—The Three per
Cents., 218 ; Five per Cents., 14 ; Exchange on Lon-

don, 44.

THE FRENCH REPUBLIC.

PROCEEDINGS AT PARIS.

We have received the Paris papers of yesterday.
It would appear from the tenor of certain articles
in the National as if the Provisional Government had
determined to take possession of the railways, by re-
deeming all the shares at the price they bore on the
21st of February. The National thus argues the
question :

" We see not wherefore the state should not emit a
quantity of paper corresponding to the ♦alue of the
railways, inasmuch as the riches of the state would be
increased by the value of the railway lines. L. tit be
considered, also, that the payment of these renter would
not burden the budget, and would impose no fresh sacri-
fices on the public, because the receipts of the railways
would be enough to meet this service. We should cer-
tainly have to provide for the finishing of the lines
already commenced; but money can always be found in
France for useful works."

The National then proceeds to reply in the follow-
ing manner to those who object to this as a measure
of spoliation :—" How," it asks, " are people spo-
gated who are paid the value of their property ? The
purchase is forced, they say, but the principle of
expropriation for the public good is it not consecrated
in our legislations? These arguments are not serious.
We suspect that the interest of shareholders is put
forward to screen that of administrators, who are
inconsolable at the idea of losing their fat stalls."

The news from Lyons is anything but satisfactory.
The volunteers enrolled there took upon themselves
to detain the 13th Light Horse, just returned from
Africa, that they might repose after their march, and
this, notwithstanding that they had been ordered to
join the army of the Alps without delay—the army
moving up to the support of Piedmont in case of
necessity.

We find in the Constitutionnel the following in re-
lation to the affairs of Italy :
" In the midst of the chaos of events which no human
imagination could have foreseen or followed, two parties
appear to be disputing for the victory in the Lombardo-
Venetian States even before it is won—the Piedmontese
parry, which wishes for a constitutional kingdom for
Italy, and the Republican party, who demand ancient
franchises, and wishes that every city should be entirely
independent.
" In this conflict of ideas and opinions, and in this
general conflagration, there is much danger to be appre-
hended; on the one hand absolutism, rising again into
existence under a new form, and on the other munici-
palism, that spirit of discord and envy which lost the
Italian Republics in the middle ages. The safety of
Italy lies in the solution of this important problem.
Charles Albert, however, appears to be animated
with the best intentions, and carciully repeats iu all his
proclamations that his views are most disinterested, and
that he only brings to the people the assistance of a
friend and of a brother, and that when once the Aus-
trians are driven out of Italy, he will leave each state
free to choose which form of government it may consider
best. So many years of misfortune and oppression
have, however, made the Italians very distrustful.
" The Austrians have entrenched themselves at Mantua
and at Verona, where they occupy very formidable posi-
tions. A great number of prisoners belonging to the
first families of Milan, are still in their hands; and there
is much reason to fear that the rage of the butchers of
Radetsky, exasperated by defeat, may expose them to
very cruel treatment. The late massacres at Milan
wore beyond everything horrible.
" The Croatians murdered children before the eyes of
their mothers, cut off the hands of young girls in order
to possess themselves of their bracelets and rings, pil-
laged and burnt houses, leaving devastation and death to
mark their passage in every quarter of the city.
" Some letters have been seized which seriously com-
promise the late Viceroy, who, however, pretended to
have less cruel feelings. It appears to have been the
Viceroy who ordered the pillage and massacres—acts
which for ever dishonour the name of Austria.
" Whilst the Piedmontese army is triumphing in
Lombardy, Savoy is detaching itself from the Sardinian
states and endeavouring again ito become French. In
several clubs which assembled the day before yesterday
at Chambery a Provisional Government was proclaimed.
What is most extraordinary in this affair is, that at the
very moment that this was taking place, the rorace at
Lyons were calling on all the hotel-keepers to discharge
the natives of Savoy from their service, and compelling
them to leave the country of their adoption, where they
had resided fur many years. Savoy is, therefore, not
revengeful."
BOURSE.—PARIS, TUESDAY, APRIL 4.
THREE O'CLOCK.—A heavy fall took place at the
opening of the Bourse, but prices recovered afterwards,
and closed better than was expected. Still everything
is lower than the preceding day. The French Five per
• Cents. opened at 541., dropped at once to 521., and then
recovered to 531, at which they lett off, being 2f. lower
than the last price of the day before. The Three per
Cents. ()limed at 35f., ent down to 34f., and then, after
i some fluctuations between that quotation and 35f., fell
again, to 34f., at which they doted, being a fall of I f. 25c.
on the day. French Four per Cents. were done at 461.,
' being a fall of not less than 4f. Bank of France Shares
were at one time done as low as 1,090 E, but they closed
at 1,115 E, showing a decline of 20f. Belgian Fives
closed at 501., being one-half lower; Piedmont, at 640 f.,
or IOF. lower ; Quatre Canaux, at 700 f., or 20f. lower.
Roman is unaltered, at 50f. Bons du Tresor were ex-
ceedingly offered to-day, and were almost unnegotiable,
being at not less than 48 per cent. loss. Rail-
way Shares were offered during
et the wfrheoslhe co
articleurs e o
inf
thethe
consequence
day's business, in
National, insisting on the nceestity of the Government
expropriating the several lines. This caused many to
i• ye that the intt.l.lioll2poiicri of A !eV" ‘1.4.:11A0
below t
par;
f; o
theyll followed d
balancedthe e x-
abrueepniereostu
all the
have a
rest, Orleans
and are
for BODO time at 500 E, but at length gm way, and closed

at 4901., being 301 lower thanthe day before. Marseilles
are at 165 F., or 25f. lower; 11)uen at 3171. 50c., or 10f.
lower; Northern at 308 f. 75c, or 6f. 25c. lower; Havre
at 1901., or sf. lower; Bordeatx are 51. better, at 3851.;
Nantes, 25c., at 3271. 50c. The Syndicate of the
agens-de-change have just lecided on an alteration
which will increase their profits to the loss of persons
buying and selling. They were accustomed to charge
but one commission when a clisnt bought and sold on the
same day; they now charge separately on both trans-
actions. French gold is still at 701. The I,ooof. note
costs from 12f. to 15f. to get oshed. The sovereign is
worth less, being at 251. 75e. t( 26f.

BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, APRIL 4. _

Boulogne and Amiens, 5 %—Nam u r and Liege, 113—
Northern of France. 214 —Orleais and Bordeaux, 11,4—Paris
and Orleans, 20—Paris and Rou.n, 12. i

GERMANY

AND

THE NORTHERN STATES.

FRANKFORT.

The Carlsruhe Gazette publishes a letter dated
1, which says:—" Between three
Frankfort, April
and four o'clock yesterday afternoon two parties
appeared in the street de Bockenheim, the one com-
posed of inhabitants of Hazau and Darmstadt, with
the flag of the Parliament ; the other consisting of
residents of Mayence, under the command of ex-
Lieutenant METTERNICH, with the ensigns of the
Republic. METTERNICH ald his adherents attacked
the former party, and endeavoured to seize their flag.
The Republican flag was destroyed in the hands of
METTERNICII, who received several dangerous wounds.
One of his supporters also received a wound in the
face. The civic guard restored order. The intelli-
gence of this rencontre compelled the members of
the Assembly to interrupt their deliberations. The
election of the Assembly will not take place till the
3d instant.