The Sun.
London, England, 1846-09-25 00:00:00

AMERICAN NEWS.

AUIII OF THE COLUMBIA.

LIVERPOOL, THURSDAY, HALF-PAST Foun.

We have hare to-day another arrival from the United
State s, the Columbia, Captain Rathbone, bringing one
day's later news.
She brings news of tho arrival of Santa Anna at
Vera Cruz, of the imprisonment of the Dictator Pa-
rades, and also of the seizure of California.

(corTeqlontlettee of the New Yorh Sun.)

WASHINGTON, AUG. 27, 1846.

The golden hour has passed, and no party the gainer
but Central Mexico. Northern Mexico will not gain

as she ought to have done a free constitution, nor will
the Union profitably enlarge her bounds. Much
treasure, much integrity, and much harmony have been
wasted in this war—and with what result? Why some
time in 1847 we will possess California and Santa Fe—
by paying Mexico therefore some fifteen millions of
dollars—which territory we would have possessed in
1850 for that, or less money. We have sought this
war, and blemished the hitherto spotless fame of our
mother-land with the reproach of basely coveting our
neighbour's soil, to no purpose whatever. If there was
right or reason in the war, Santa Fe was our own,
and California, if fairly valued, would but pay the cost
of redressing ourselves. If it is wrong, the people of
both nations are deep losers, for they must pay the cost
in tax and blood, while the purchase money of Santa Fe
and California only enriches a few rulers in Mexico and
burdens the United States with a hostile, because a con-
quered, population. If the war, however commenced,
had led, as it might with half—nay a fourth—of its
present expenditure, to the establishment of a really free
and independent republic beyond the Rio Bravo, liberty
and humanity would have been so largely the gainers that
justice must have dealt tenderly with the ways and
means. When the mist and excitement of two brave
actions clear away, we will be immeasurably astonished
at two things. We will be as muck perplexed to under-
stand why the troops were at Palo Alto at all, as to
know why they were not at Monterey three weeks after-
wards. This science that can do nothing without rule
and compass, that must have its exact amount of con-
venience and appliances before it can move, would have
been sadly in the way in those revolutionary times when
the whole States had to be traversed and armies defeated
without the help of its trimmings. No wonder the Se-
cretary of War frowns savagely at every new millon sent
forth on these " requisitions."

LATER FROM SANTA FE.
BALTIMORE, Monday Evening.

The St. Louis Bevielle publishes a letter from Santa
Fe, dated July 17, from which we learn that Governor
Armijo had ordered the people to be in readiness to
march against the United States army. It is suggested
that he makes this demonstration of resistance, without
really intending to execute it, although he intimates
that he would rather fight than surrender the country.
He assured the merchants and traders that they would
all be protected.

MONEY MARKET.
SALES AT STOCK BOARD, AUG. 31.
$2,000 United States 6's '6°
2,500 Ohio 6s. '6O. 933
1,000 11l G's '7O ... 34
5,000 Penn s's
15 Bank of New York
100 Del and Hud scrip
100 Farmer's Trust b 3 243
50 Morris Canal s 3 6a,
400 Long Island ch 31
125 Nor and Wor s7i
20 Erie Railroad
5 Mohawk
100 Harlem blO 56i
50 Reading Railroad
SECOND BOARD.
100 Nor and Wor 330 57
50 Reading Railroad
50 Morris Canal
100 Harlem Railroad s3 55i
PUBLIC STOCK EXCHANGE.
25 Morris Canal
50 Farmer Trust
50 Reading
25 Nor and Wor blo 57ft
The sale of stocks are still light, and there is considerable
,mprovement in prices.
The Secretary of the Treasury has issued an important
circular. It informs the mercantile community that no
goods imported previous to December next will be per-
mitted to be re-exported with the purpose of being
brought back to the country after that date, in order to
evade the payment of duties under the existing tariff of
1842, and to enter them under the lower rates of the tariff
of 1846. No exporter of goods will receive the benefit of
the drawback of present duties unless he takes an oath
that he re-exports them for consumption abroad, and
not with the intention of re-entering them. This will
lead to a diminution of storages.
There has been something of a panic at Quebec, and
a run upon the City Bank at that place for specie, but
the bank paid promptly, and at the last dates the panic
had subsided. _ ___

LATER STILL FROM AMERICA.
' LIVERPOOL, THURSDAY EVENING.
Arrivals crowd upon us to-day. We have now to
announce the arrival of the new ship Anglo-Saxon,
Captain Gordon, from Boston, with dates from that
city to the sth, and bringing also New York papers
to the 4th inst.
Further accounts from Vera Cruz state that Gen.
Paredes was put in prison by the orders of Santa
Anna, and confined in the citadel of the city of
Mexico, it having been discovered that it was his in-
tention to employ the army equipped for the north to
oppose the progress of Santa Anna, from his landing
at Vera Cruz. General Sales had convoked Con-
gress, upon the principles of 1824, to assemble at the
city of Mexico on the 6th of December next.
OPERATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES
SQUADRON IN THE PACIFIC.
The following important news from the Pacific has
been received by special dispatches at Washington :
It appears that Commodore Sloat entered the harbour
of Monterey early in July, and on the 6th issued his
proclamation to the inhabitants of California, calling on
them to remain peaceful, assuring them that he did not
come as the enemy of California, but as their friend ;
that they are destined to form part and parcel of the
great federal union of the United States ; to enjoy the
same rights and privileges as the citizens of those states.
The proclamation is dated on board the United States
frigate Savannah, in the harbour of Monterey, and
signed JOHN B. SLOAT,
Commander-in-Chief of the United
States Forces in the Pacific.
In addition to this, Captain Montgomery entered the
harbour of Yerba Buena, and issued his summons to sur-
render to the inhabitants of the country, in virtue of
instructions from the Commodore.
This summons bears date July 9, 1846.
We have also news that Colonel Fremont's advanced
posts had reached Sonora, to the north of San Francisco.
General Castro, the Governor of the province, ad-
vanced at the head of his troops to repulse them; but the
gallant Colonel meeting him in person, the Mexican
forces retreated.
The Californians are greatly divided among them-
selves. A junta met at Sania Barbara, headed by Go-
vernor Pico, proclaiming California an independent
republic; hereupon the Mexican Governor (Castro)
declared the province under martial law.—(Telegraphic
report of New York Journal of Commerce.)
To this statement the New York Courier and Enquirer
annexes the following, the first letter of which was also
communicated by telegraph, subsequently to that given
above:—

-
WASHINGTON, SEPT. 2, 1846.—The New Orleans
Picayune, of the 26th of August, says—" From informa-
tion received at Alvarado, it would appear that the Ca-
lifornias were not taken by the squadron under Com.
Stoat, but that American citizens located in these pro-
vinces, combined with disaffected Mexicans, declared
themselves independent of the central Government, and
raised the flag of the United States in token of allegiance
to this country. This version does not appear to be
identical with the rumour brought here first from Ha-
vannah, by the reveaue cutter M‘Lane, and next by a
vessel from Kingston, Jamaica, whither it was conveyed
by the Daring, more than a month ago. The version of
the correspondent is confirmed by a Spanish letter before
us, written in the city of Mexico on the Bth of August,
in which it is given as news.
The New York papers, and, in fact, most of
those from other places which we have received by
this arrival, are full of speculations as to what in-
fluence the accession of Santa Anna to power will
have upon the course of events in the States. They
are generally of Opinion that he will make an easy
peace with America, but it is not difficult to perceive
that " the wish is father to the thought" of these
writers. Weary of the expense and unpopularity of
a war that might be indefinitely prolonged by their
adversaries simply doing nothing but to leave the
country bare of supplies, they conceive that the
policy of Santa Anna will be to make a peace with
them upon their own terms ; but in this belief we
are of opinion they are deceiving themselves.
The commercial advices are not important. The
arrival of the Britannia at Boston on the 3d had
made very little change in commercial affairs. The
cotton market was steady. The rate of exchange the
same as before.

Dispatches were received yesterday at the Colonial-
office from the Governors of Hong-Kong, Sierra Leone,
and St. Helena.
THE RAILWAY TUNNEL FROM EDGE-HILL, LIVER-
POOL, TO THE NORTH DOCKS.---There is to be a goods'
station in Hodson-street, at the back of Byrom-street,
which will be the only opening. Mr. M'Cormick
has been declared the successful competitor for the
work, which is to be commenced at 401. a yard
immediately. The contract is about 90,000L—Liverpool
Courier.