The Sun.
London, England, 1846-09-26 00:00:00

No. 16,855. LONDON, SATURDAY,
EVENXP Sly,
'„,i7 SEPTEMBER 26, 1846. PRICE SD.

ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION.
A CHEMICAL LECTURE, by Dr. Ryan, daily, and on
the Evenings of Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays. Also a
LECTURE on the ELECTRO-MAGNETIC TELEGRAPH daily.
MACINTOSH'S REVOLVING ENGINE, COLEMAN'S PATENT
LOCOMOTIVE ENGINE fpr ascending and descending In-
clined Planes, FARRELL'S ARCHIMEDIAN RAILWAY, the
ATMOSPHERIC RAILWAY, all in action, HALLETTE'd AT-
MOSPHERIC RAILWAY VALVE. The OPAQUE MICROS-
COPE. The OXY-HYDROGEN MICROSCOPE, exhibiting a line
Collection of Living Objects. A beautiful Picture of the CHAPEL
in the CONVENT of St. CATHERINE, near Jerusalem, by Mr.
Charles Smith, is one of the New Series of DISSOLVING VIEWS.
• Admission, Is. ; Schools, Half-price.

HALL OF ROME, GREAT WINDMILL-
STREET, HAYMARKET.
Professor TURNOUR begs most respectfully to inforn the Nobility,
Subscribers, and Palilie, that he has produced that novelty never
before attempted, viz., the introduction of FEMALE MODELS of
COLOUR, who will appear every Afternoon and Evening, in varied
groupings, expressly arranged for them.
Stalls, 2s. 6d.; Boxes, 25.; Pit, Is. Doors open at Half•past
Two in the Afternoon, and commence at a Quarter past Three
punctually. Evening performance, Half-past Eight o'clock.
Venus will rise from the sea till further notice.

COUNTRY BUSINESS OF MAGNITUDE.
TO BE LET, on advantageous terms, Very Supe-
rior PREMISES, situate in a County Town, about 60 miles
from the Metropolis, whereon a most extensive and lucrative Busi-
ness in the Groeery, Tallow Chandlery, and Genera' Trade has been
carried on for upwards of a century. The Property includes an ex-
cellent Family Residence and Garden, Spacious Shop, Counting-
houses, Warehouses, Store Reems,,Cellarage, Stabling, and Out-
buildings, and forms altogether one of the most complete Provincial
Establishments of the kind in the kingdom, offering to a person of
enterprise and capital a certain prospect of acquiring a competency
in a few years,
Further particulars may be obtained of Mr. V. J. Collier, 3, Moor-
gate-street, London.

:TO UPHOLSTERERS AND CABINET MAKERS.
riro be DISPOSED of, in a populous and
portant County Town, a long-established business in the up-
holstery, cabinet, and general furnishing line.
The extensive and commodious premises in which a first-rate and
highly respectable trade has been carried on for many years, are
situated in a leading thoroughfare, and may be either purchased or
hired on lease. _

Applyto James EesebY, ESQ., solicitor, Salisbury-square, London.

HOT WEATHER.—TRAVELLING.—SI A-
SIDE.—The REGISTER]) PALETOT in London, only at
22, Comhill, opposite the Royal Exchange; and the chief Llama
Cloth Warehouse, 114, Regent-street. Do not be deceived by a
similarity of name, placed in the windows of a few petty shops in the
neighbourhood of the Patentees. Each Paletot is stamped " H. J. and
D. NICOLL, 114, Regent-street."

ILLS OF EXCHANGE.-FRAUD.- TO
BANKERS, BILL BROKERS, DISCOUNTERS, AND

OTHERS.
Two BILLS of EXCHANGE for 2501. each, bearing date the 28th
or 29th of August, 1846, drawn upon and accepted by the Rev.
Francis Glossop, atpur months after date, payable at Messrs. Young
and Yallings', St. Mildred's-court, Poultry, London, having been
OBTAINED by means of conspiracy and FALSE REPRESEN-
TATIONS made to the acceptor, the Rev. Francis Glossop, of West
Dean, Wiltshire, all persons are hereby cautioned against receiving,
negotiating, or in any manner dealing with the said Bills of Ex-
change, or either of them.

All important particulars of information respecting the transaction
La question, and parties concerned, &c:, will, if effectually used, be
Liberally rewarded.

Apply to Messrs. Bush and Mullins, solicitors, No. 7, St. Mildred's-
court, Poultry, London.

BEARD'S COLOURED PHOTOGRAPHIC
PORTRAITS, taken daily at 85, King William-street, City ;
34, Parliament-street, Westminster; and the Royal Polytechnic
Institution, Regent-street.
" A great improvement has been effected by the patentee."—
Times.
" The portraits are fixed on the plates in all their natural huesof
colour."—Britannia.

riliE CIGAR WAREHOUSES, LONDON.
Fine FOREIGN CIGARS, of all makers, 175., 18s. 6d, 205.,
and 21s. per lb. ; Government Manillas, I7s. 6d. per lb. ; also Brit-
ish made, from the best tobacco imported; cheroots, 65.; cigars—
Cuba, 7s. ; Havannah, 7s. Gd. and Ss. 6d. - Cabanas, Bs, 6d. ; Silvas,
Ss. 6d. ; Principes, 95. 6d. ; the union cigar, equal to any foreign,
12s. 6d. per lb.
At Messrs. TOSSWILL and Co.'s, Commission Merchants, im-
porters, and manufacturers, 6, Pudding-lane, Eastcheap, adjoining
to Gracechurch-street.

PERFECTION in LAMP OIL.—A PATENT.
CLARK'S PATENT SPERM OIL, only ss. per imperial
gallon, is bright as crystal in the coldest weather, and lasts longer
than real Sperm. It burns in all descriptions of Argand Lamps. The
great expense of Sperm Oil, and the trouble of common oils, can now
be dispensed with at pleasure. It is admirably salted for Solar
Lamps, as they will not want cleaning for years, and being so pure,
four gallons go as far as five gallons of any common oils ; so, in
reality, Clark's Patent Sperm 011 is cheapest. Families laying in
their stock of Spermaceti or Wax Candles, Soaps, &c. //De., will
positively save 30 per cent. in their outlay. This is no fiction, and
this system of equitable charges the public will support.
Samples sent in London, and list of prices, with description of the
patent article, sent on application to all parts of the wc.rld.
Clark aad Company, the immense Lamp, Oil, and Candle Depot,
447, West Strand, ten doors from Lowther Arcade.

PUBLICATIONS.

NEW WORK IN MONTHLY PARTS, BY MR. CHARLES

DICKENS.

On the lit of October (to be completed in twenty Monthly Parts,
uniform with " Martin Chuzzlewit," &c.), price One Shilling, the
First Number of
DEALINGS WITH THE FIRM OF DOM-
__ BEY AND SON,

_
Wholesale, Retail, and for Exportation.
Edited by CHARLES DICKENS. With Illustrations; by Hablot

K. Brovrh.
London : Bradbury and Evans, Whitertiars.

Just published, price 4s,

THE NEW COUNTY COURTS ACT,
9 and 10 Vict. cap. 95, for DEBTS, DAMAGES, REPLE-
YIN, &c., with Notes, Critical and Explanatory ; including Deci-
sions in the Courts of England and Ireland, on Statutes having simi-
lar Enactments.

By HENRY UDALL, Esq., of the Inner Temple, Barrister-at-law.
Stevens and Norton, Bell-yard, Lincoln's Inn; Hodges and Smith,

SECOND EDITION, GREATLY ENLARGED.
This day is published, price Is.,
ARCHBOLD'S POOR REMOVAL ACT
to amend the Laws relating to the Removal of the Poor'
9 and 10 Viet, cap. 66, with copious Notes, fell Directions, and Ob-
servations. By J. P. ARCHBOLD, Esq., Barrister-at-Law. This
Act is printed to bind with the Third Volume of Mr. Archbold' s
Justice of the Peace.
London: Shaw and Sons, Fetter-lane.

Just published by B. D. Cousins, Duke-street, Lincoln's Inn-fields,
London, price Is. 6d.,
-

ANCIENT HISTORY of the First Feasts,
Festivals, and Ceremonies, collected from the most celebrated
ancient poets and historians ; containing, The First Food, Ceremo-
nies, Images and Temples, Sunday, Sabbath, and Lord's Day—The
Annual Festival observed by all nations of the annual revolution of
the Sun—the representing and worshipping by human figures all
useibl things produced by the Sun and Season : this being a search
for the now forms in worship lately introduced by the Puseyites.

LADIES TRAVELLING,
Visiting the Sea Coast, or otherwise exposed to the scorching rays of

the San, will find - -
ROWLAND'S KALYDOR a most refreshing'
preparation for the Complexion, dispelling the cloud of lan-
guor and relaxation, allaying all heat and irritability, and immedi-
ately affording the pleasing sensation attending iestored elasticity of
the Skin. The numerous varieties of Cutaneous Eruptions, Sun-
burn, Freckles, Tan, and Diseolouratiens, are pleasingly eradicated
by the Kalydor, and the skin rendered delicately salt and clear. Its
purifying and refreshing properties have obtained its exclusive selec-
tion by the Court and the Royal Family of Great Britain, and those
of the Continent of Europe, together with the "elite" of the Aris-
tocracy and " Haute Volee," from the sultry climes of India, and the
Drawing-rooms of Calcutta and Madras, to the frozen realms of the
Czar and the Salons of St. Petersburgh and Mescow.—Price 4s. 6d.
and Bs. 6d. per bottle.
*it* Beware of spurious " Kalydors "- containing mineral astrin-
gents utterly ruinous to the complexion, and which, by their repel-
ant action, endanger health. The only genuine has the words
" ROWLAND'S KALYDOR" on the wrapper. and A. ROWLAND
and SON, 20, Hatton-garden, is also engraved (by desire of the
lion. Commissioners) on the Government Stamp of on each
bottle.
Sold by the Proprietors, and by respectable Chemists and Per-
amers.
other galvdors" are fraudulent counterfeits.

the expiring gentleman were responded to by the
convulsive throbbings of Colonel' Westenra, who had
been the innocent cause of the distressing scene in which
he formed a part. In that state Dr. Waters and Dr.
Arthur found the two friends, who were affectionately
attached to each other ; but the skill of those gentle-
men was of no avail—the injury sustained by Mr. Doolin
was past the power of man to remove or palliate, and in
less than an hour after the fatal discharge of Colonel
Westenra's gun, the beloved and lamented Mr. Doolin
was released from his sufferings.
Immediately after Mr. Doolin had expired,.an inquest
was held on his remains by Mr. J. Dillin, Coroner, and
a respectable jury, to whom the facts of the case were
given in evidence. When the inquiry had been con-
cluded, the jury without a moment's hesitation, returned
a verdict of " Accidental death," and exonerated Colonel
Westenra from all blame in the deplorable transaction,
by which he lost a valued and attached friend.

The shock which society has sustained by the me-
lancholy death of Mr. Doolin will not soon subside. The
Coroner who held an inquest on his remains had been
speaking to him only three hours before. The poor, to
whom he was a generous employer and faithful magis-
trate, bewail his loss. His afflicted wife and three little
children, whom he left in the morning in happiness and
peace, never saw his return. .

DINNER TO LORD G. BENTINCK

AT CHELMSFORD.
CHELMSFORD, FRIDAY NV:WT.—The Essex Agricul

tural Protection Society, to compliment the Duke of
Richmond (who was unable to be present) and Lord G.
Bentinck,invited them to a public dinner, which took
place this evening, in the Assembly-room of the Shire-
hall, and which, by the favourable contrast it presented
to the ordinary character of agricultural repasts, may be
said to have contained within itself a striking proof of
the value of competition, haying been arranged, pre-
pared, and served by the rival establishments of the'
Saracen's Head and Black Boy inns. There was a total
absence of motto, device, or decoration in the room, in
which eleven tables, with-allout 32 covers on each, were
placed transversely. Mr. Toole, from London, acted as
toast-master.

The chair was filled by Mr. R. Baker, of Writtle, the
founder of the society, the seats on either side being
occupied by the noble guest, Mr. C. G. Round, M.P.;
Mr. Newdegate, M.P.; Mr. Hudson, M.P.; Mr. 0. Gore,

M.P.; Mr. Waddington, M.P.; Sir J. Tyrrell, M.P.; Mr.
G. Palmer, M.P.; Major Beresford, M.P.; Mr. r. Ben-
net, M.P.; and •Mr. Heneker the Rev. J. Cox, Rev. F.
Hope, Rev. T. Fisher, Rev. W. Shepherd, Rev. C. T.
James, Rev. D. Gwilt, Rev. J. Bullock, Rev. W. P.
Honywood, Rev. J. H. Randolph, Rev. E. Edwards,
Rev. M.liemble Rev. E. Nottage, Captain Heyborn,
Captain Cox, Colonel Bagges, and several other gentle-
men from the surrounding country.
The CHAIRMAN (previous to proposing the ordinary
national toasts, which were drunk with enthusiasm), re-

ferred to several communications conveying apoicigies
for absence, but showing, as he observed, that the feel-
ing in favour of protection to British industry remained
unabated.—(Cheers.) One of them, he regretted to say,
was from the Duke of Richmond, who stated that, since
his arrival in Scotland, he had not enjoyed good health,
the Parliamentary campaign having knocked him up,
and on that account, fearing to undertake so long a
journey, but expressing his grateful acknowledgments
for the invitation. Lord Ashburton, the Duke of Graf-
ton, and Sir H. Smith were also amongst the apologists.
" The Bishop of Rochester and the Clergy of the Dio-
cese," having been proposed by Mr. A. Majendie, of
Hedingham Castle, the toast was responded to by the
Rev. J. Cox, of ttirsted, who said that they had as-

sembled not simply to compliment Lord George Ben-
tinck for having laid the foundation of a great and last-
ing party, but to raise upon that foundation the super-
structure of the party itself, guided by this great principle,
that all due protection should be extended to British
industry against uncontrolled competition with foreign
labour—(Hear, hear)—and that free encouragement
should be given to the produce of Great Britain, whether
emanating from the anvil, the loom, or the land, and
likewise to British shipping.—(Cheers.) He would
venture to include the protection of the church and the
monarchy itself, being convinced that the principle of
free-trade and of buying in the cheapest market was

totally at variance with th-e preservation of the monarchy
and the church, as at present established. The Rev.
Gentleman then drew a contrast between the bishop of
the diocese, who, he said, had maintained his consistency
as a protectionist, and the Bishop of Oxford, who, while
he professed his love of free-trade, and declared that it
was common sense, made that declaration, with a mental
reservation against free-trade in sugar, because it would
promote slavery. But the great bddy of Quakers, who,
as free-traders, wont still further, and refused to make
use of slave-grown sugar, were well known to, be purely
democratic in their principles, both as regarded church
and state, and he believed, therefore, if the principle of
free-trade were to be carried out in all its integrity, that
it would ultimately lead to democratic doctrines, to the
destruction of the church and the present, form of go-
vernment.—(Cheers.)
The CHA.IIIMAR introduced the next toast with more
than ordinary pleasure. It was no ordinary occasion on
which they were met to do honour to those who had so
nobly fought their battle, and who were still able to de-
fend their interests. Never was a party placed in such
a position of the protectionists. Defeated by their own
chief, and that chief since overthrown by his own party.
But, though defeated, they had still sufficient courage
remaining to stand forward in the cause of truth and
justice, and by God's help they would continue to stand
by it till it prevailed.—(Cheers.) He regretted that ilir
ness had occasioned the absence of the Duke of Rich-
mond, but they had the Noble-Lord (G. Bentinck) pre-
sent; and they all knew that he, and the party in the
House of Commons who followed him, had conducted
themselves, when called upon to play. what was supposed
at the time to be a desperate game, in a manner to call
forth the admiration, not only of the farmers and the
labourers, but of the whole kingdom.—(Cheers.) It was
for the purpose of expressing their sympathy with the
cause in which the Noble Lord and the Noble Duke had
engaged that they were then met, and it was with feel-
ings of gratitude, thankfulness, and respect, that he now
proposed " the health of the Duke of Richmond and Lord
George Bentinck."
The toast was drunk with nine times nine. _ _

f4OidoORGE-BENTI. NCK, who was loudly cheered,
said, that, in rising to return the thanks of the Duke of
Richmond and his own for the cordial manner in which

they had met the toast just proposed from the chair, he
was sure that he only re-echoed the pulses that beat in
every breast when he expressed his deep regret that his
Noble Friend the Duke of Richmond was not present to
receive the thanks his exertions and zeal in the cause of
agriculture entitled him to. The Noble Duke had been
the warrior of the working day, and he (Lord George
Bentinck) could not do better than apostrophise
the answer he gave to their invitation when he
directed him (Lord G. Bentinck) to say how deeply he
felt the honour intended him by the county of Essex,
which was the first to raise the banner of protection, and
which at the last great fight was unanimous in the voice
it sent up to Parliament, and which was eminently dis-
tinguished above all other counties; for, if not the unani-
mity, at least the almost unanimity with which the repre-
sentatives of Essex had displayed their fidelity to their
engagements.—(Cheers.) The Members whom Essex
had sent up to support those principles of national
protection to all British industry, of which in 1841
Sir Robert Peel professed to be the advocate, though in
1846 they had witnessed the spectacle of Sir Robert
Peel overthrowing those principles which in 1841 he ob-
tained power by professing—of the ten Members for
Essex, nine had remained faithful to the county and to
their principles.—(Cheers.) It grieved him to think
that no other district could claim for its representatives
. .

similar honour and similar honesty. But; looking a
the state of Essex, his Noble Friend had bid him tel
them how deeply he felt honoured by their invitation
and, in one line from one of the oldest poets of this
country, he might apostrophise the Noble Duke's mes-
sage to them thus
" In God's name cheerly on, courageous friends."
The Rev. Gentleman who lately spoke had said truly
that they were now met, .not -so much to pay personal
compliments as to show that the mind of the country
was not changed in its determination to uphold the prin-
ciple of protection to native industry—whether the an-
vil, the loom, the soil, or the land of England—(Cheers)
—and if he (Lord G. Bentinck) could claim any merit at
all, it was that in a moment of difficulty, when treason
was in the camp—when the enemy, far more dangerous
than the foreign foe, was their own leader—(Hear,
hear)—when deserted by all those in whom they had
been taught to place confidence, at a moment when the
heart of the country was—he would not say beaten down
—but when the confidence of the country was weak-
ened, he bad stood forward to rally the shaken troops of
the protectionists. If the Ministry was false he saw at
least one honourable and righteous man among them, a
man distinguished beyond all his colleagues for high
talent and great ability, and pointed to Lord Stanley
as
sthe
pilot who would weather the storm. He said to
them
"Teucro duce et auspice, Teucro nil desperandum."
And when he was told that if there was a leader in the
House of Lords, there was no man to be found to govern
the party in the House of Commons, he scorned to think
that England was so degraded and so fallen from her
high estate—that having withstood the storm of civil
commotion—having maintained her ground when threa-
tened by France and the United States conjointly, the
time had arrived when she was so bound down at the feet
of Sir Robert Peel, or any other Minister, and, he
said—not dreaming that he himself should ever be called
upon to take any prominent part in the movement, much
less that he should be required to take the high pogition
in the House of Commons which their representative
had assigned to him —(Cheers)—the constituencies of
the empire will find new men whenever the old shall
be found wanting either in power or inclination honestly
to serve the state.—(Cheers.) Was he to be told that
no other man could govern the destinies of the State
but Sir Robert Peel or Lord John Russell—(Hear)—
or that English glory or English existence must end
with the political existence of Sir Robert Peel ?
(Hear, hear.) He believed he had shown that though
their ranks had been decimated by treason and cowardice,
still the remnant had exhibited some power of
combination against those who had coalesced against
them. It was for the country to sendomen to Parlia-
ment to help and assist them in their struggle, and to
r take the place he now held, The condition on which he

agreed to serve in that place was that every colleague
he had, every one of-the 240 Members who acknow-
ledged him for their leader, should hold it as their duty
to assist heartily, and be prepared to take their turn at
the labouring oar when his own strength failed. The
example thus shown he believed had had its effect ; and
when he saw how men of too great modesty, but of su-
perior ability, had been thus induced to come forward in
the service of their country, he trusted the example
would not be lost upon many other men much younger,
and others who were older than himself, to step forwerd
and see if good and honest intentions, and a determina-
tion to maintain those intentions fearlessly, would not
obtain for them that confidence in Parliament and in the
country which they had-been pleased to lavish on him.
—(Cheers) Then this would betas boast, and what-
ever-the ultimate result of the contest, it would be his
consolation on his dying day that he had stood forward
to prevent the constituencies of the empire from ser-
vilely permitting themselves to be trampled upon by
a haughty, an arrogant, and an unprincipled Adminis-
tration.—(Cheers.) In that county, as in others, he was
confident their. were young men of talent and
integrity of principle who felt they owed a duty to
their country, and who, taking an example by him,
whose ability was,in nothing superior to their own, would
be prompt to serve their country and avert that disgrace
whiCh must arise to England were she permitted to be
trampled upon by an, Administration altogether careless
of principle and political honour. It would be in the
recollection of all present that about ten o'clock at night,
just three months ago, Sir R Peel had taken from agri-
culture the protection it was entitled to, and thrown this
country on the foreigner for its supplies of food ; and
they had no doubt seen an article lately in one of the
leading journals of Europe, and had with him, admired
the modesty and the humility with which, before free
trade had been carried three months, the great organ of
the free-traders had come screaming, craving, and yelp-
ing to them, the protectionists of Essex, craving to know
how they were prepared to get Ireland out of the scrape
into which free trade had plunged. her. Without de-
manding a fee for his advice, A 4 would say that Ireland
might still -be saved from lamity with which she
was threatened, by clinging to the last plank of protec-
tion.—(Cheers.) In 1807 she was an importing coun-
try ; but owing to the encouragement of her domestic
industry by British domestic laws, she had in the last
few years so increased her production of corn as to
be able to export to England wheat, oats, barley,
and beans, to the extent of 3,000,000 of quarters.
The Times said there were 4,000,000 of people to be
provided for, and that allowing to each one quarter of
their own superabundant supply of grain, three out of
the four millions would be provided for. But what
if there had been no protection to Ireland in the shape
of a corn-law, with a monopoly of the English market
during the last flirty years? Why, simply this, that she
would be in the condition that distinguished her in 1807,
of not growing enough for her own consumption; and,
her potatoes failing, of not having any grain to fall back
upon. There would in that case have been, not such a
famine as the Times spoke of, when the warehouses of
England and Scotland were loaded with grain, contain-
ing at Christmas last, above 1,000,000 of quarters, being
100,000 quarters more than at any former period of our
history; but such a famine as took place in 1813 in Nor-
way, when dependentsupon Sweden, the result being that
in a siegle diocese 5,000 souls diedof absolute starvation.
The prophecies of the protectionists had been verified in
a manner which present circumstances rendered particu-
larly striking. On the 30th of last March old red wheat
fetched from 575. to 705., and on the 10th of August it
fetched only from 48s. to 54s.—a fall in price which could
only be explained by the fact of 2,000,000 quarters hav-
ing come into competition with British grain. As for
the potato disease, observing that it was general, and that
it attacked land that had never been broken before, as
well as land which had been for many years used for
the growth of potatoes, he could only regard it as a
calamity similar to that of the cholera, and which,
by the blessing of God, would last but for a short period
—he hoped not beyond the present season. The pro-
tectionists had 'shown how Ireland might be supplied
with food even in her greatest difficulty. He might be
told that they had only provided for three out of four
millions of the Irish people. He was assured by good
authority that they might expect 2,500,000
.barrels of
wheaten flour, exclusive of maize, frees the United States
of America ; but the wheat from which that flour was
made had been grown before the free-trade measures of
the late Government were introduaed into Parliament,
and they had then exactly the same access to it as if
those free-trade measures had not been passed.—(Hear,
hear.) It was now proposed that Great Britain should
feed Ireland. If so, what difference would it have made
to the Government to have paid, the duty with one hand;
and received it back with the other ; or to have got
grain at a less price by the amount of duty taken off? !;It
was said that the present was a period of general
scarcity on the Continent and elsewhere. Such were
just the periods at which it was madness to make this
country dependent upon foreigners. Sweden, Belgium,
Sardinia, and Egypt, finding a scarcity last year, pro-
hibited the export of grain—taking care that per fide Al-
bion should not avail itself of any portion of their supply.
The principles of Chatham, Pitt, Huskisson, and Can-
ning were quite consistent with this; so, until now, were
the doctrines of Sir J. Graham, who had told them that
the most foolish thing a great empire like this could do
was to rely upon foreigners for its supply.—(Hear, hear.)
Sir Robert Peel had said that foreign nations, not
through a feeling of enmity, but actuated by a desire to
protect themselves, would naturally enough prohibit the
exportation of their grain to this country. In fact,
every statesman, living and dead, including Lord John
Russell, but excepting those of the Anti-Corn-law
League, had been of opinion that there was no safety for
a country like this in time of a general deficiency of
harvest, unless by relying upon its own exertions and
capital. The free-trader said that no sooner would their
measures be carried than the artisans of England had
only to open their mouths and food would flow into it.
Now the duty of two guineas per ton upon potatoes had
been totally removed in 1844, and yet no potatoes had
been since sent to this country, although, owing to the
failure in the growth of that article, there was
now a famine in Ireland. They also said that
the people would obtain higher wages and a larger
loaf, but he doubted if the people of Stock-
port and Manchester would verify this prediction.
Indeed, he had received communications from Stock-
port saying that the wages had been reduced ld. a cut,
or 10d. a week, and from Cole, stating a reduction of 3d..
a cut. And yet the price of the loaf was no less—a fact
which would induce the manufacturers of the country to
believe that they (the agriculturists) had not deceived
them, -and that in mutual protection they would find
their best prosperity. Sir Robert Peel, with his here-
ditary recollections of Manchester, had taken off the
duty upon America raw cotton, by which our West
Indian subjects were deprived of their protection of
5-16ths of a penny in the pound—a duty that amounted
altogether to 68,0001., from which it was supposed the
men of Manchester would be relieved, and which was
only a trifle more than the amount which was annually
levied on the income-tax, from the tenant-farmers of
England. But Sir Robert Peel preferred the men of
Manchester, and yet what had been the result of his
attempt to serve them? On the Ist of July, 1845, the
price of American cotton varied from 3d. to 4P., being
an average of aid.; it had since risen to from 3d. to
qd., being a rise upon the average of more than Id. per
lb., so that America had absolutely pocketed the relief
intended for the people of Manchester; to the extent of
680,000/. From this he might fairly assume that the
manufacturers themselves would be disappointed with
the prophecies of the free-traders, would soon believe
that their confidence had been abused, and, before
another general election, would be found joining the
agriculturist in seeking for protection.—(" Hear," and a
cry of the " Malt-tax.") Unless they were prepared
to turn repudiators, likeZ,Sir R. Peel and the Americans
—unless they no longer intended to pay their just debts,
they must find a revenue sufficient for all emergencies,
and therefore the repeal of the malt-tax would imply the
reinstating of those taxes through the Customs which
had beenvremoved or reduced. He did not hesitate to
say that the malt-tax ought to be taken off, in preference
to the duties upon timber, sugar, cotton, wool, silk, and
a thousand other articles; and if they could not get those
duties put on first, they must only see whether they
could not have the malt-tax abolished.—(Cheers.) That
once accomplished, the Government would probably in-
vite them to renew the Customs' duties, so that the re-
moval of the malt-tax might eventually prove the means
of recovering their lost protection to native industry.
They had been defeated in their endeavours to maintain
that protection by 112 gentlemen who had been returned
to Parliament to defend, but who, instead of defending,
had betrayed the interests of their constituents. He
trusted that the people of England would be true to
themselves at the next election, and never, consent to be-
come the slaves of their representatives.—(Loud and
long-continued cheering.)
Mr. NEWDEGATE, M.P., proposed the " health of
Lord Stanley and the Peers who, in the Hpuse of Lords,
supported Protection to British Industry," who, though
told that adherence to principle in them was calculated
to bring the two branches of the Legislature into colli-
sion, still, feeling confident that the feeling of the peo-
ple was the same in 1846 as it was in 1841, persevered ;
and though for a time unsuccessful, had shown a noble
example to the country. Lord Stanley had especially
distinguished himself in the cause of protection to Bri-
tish agriculture; his speech in the House of Lords placed
the question on its true footing, and furnished an un-
answerable argument to the fallacies of the free-traders.
The result of free trade in its full application would be
a great reduction of the value of labour and property
throughout the country; and while the abolition of the
corn-laws, by reducing the price of corn, would ruin
the farmer, it would deprive the country, in seasons of
scarcity, of its only safeguard against famine.—(Sear,
hear.) Then the bonding system; by which England had
been made as one great free port and the depot for the
world, could not continue under the operation of free
trade. Merchants would no longer have any induce-
ment to store their corn here ; it would go to other
countries; and when seasons of scarcity arrived,
the cost of transit would add to the difficulty of
relieving the wants of the people.—(Hear, hear.) Under
the operation of free trade he believed the maximum
average price of corn would be 40s. The price of corn
in New Orleans was 245. 6d., the cost of transit here
was 10s. ; and in the Baltic, previous to 1839, the price
was 285., the cost of transit to this country about 7s. or
Bs. ; so that, had there; been no duty, we might have

imported the whole surplus production of those coun-
tries at about 355. or 365. a quarter. The Honourable
Gentleman quoted Dr. Johnson in favour of affording
encouragement to the natural production of any country
as against mere commerce, and M. Guizot on the import-
ance of forming and maintaining a grand party ter con-
stitutional purposes—the constitutional system, accord-
ing to that statesman, consisting properly of a governing
party and an opposition party, each having definite prin-
ciples, and an understood system, each system being
brought -into daily discussion, and constantly placed in
opposition to the other ; and concluded a very long
speech, in which he was constantly interrupted by an
audience so impatient and unruly that the chairman's
efforts and the toastmaster's (O'Toole) entreaties and
gesticulations for silence were wholly unavailing, by
proposing the toast, which was drunk amidst loud cheers.
Lord RAYLEIGH, in returning thanks, eulogised Lord
Stanley, condemned Sir R. Teel, assured the protec-
tionists that their cause was by no means desperate, and
advised them not to be again humbugged. When once
a famine should come, and the manufacturers found the
result of free trade in corn, there would be no more
difficulty in re-enacting the corn-law than there had
been in enacting the income-tax, which was a much more
unpopular impost.
The remaining toasts were "Sir J. T.
_Tyrell and
the other Members of Parliament for the county"—
" The Chairman"—" The Members for the boroughs in
the county"—" The Protectionist Members of the House
of Commons"—" The Yeomanry and the Committee,"
but the noise and confusion which prevailed rendered all
attempt to report the principal speeches made in pro-
posing and acknowledging them abortive.
- The party broke up at about ten o'clock.

LORD STANLEY AND THE AGRI-
CULTURISTS OF LIVERPOOL. •
The dinner of this society was held, as usual, ,at the
large roomof Lucas's Repository, Great Charlotte-
street, on ThursdaY evening. About 300 sat down,
which was considered a much better attendance than that
of last year. Mr. Charles Chalk, of St. John's-lane,
acted as caterer on the occasion, and the tables were
libeprolly supplied with everything that could contribute
to the enjoyment of the company. The chair was occu-
pied by Lord Stanley, and at the principal table were
the following gentlemen, amongst others :—Mr. John
Ireland Blackburne ; the Hon. Edward Stanley, son of
the chairman ; Mr. Y. Littledale ; Mr. Robert Neilson •
Mr. Weld Blundell ; Mr. Richard Blundell • Sir Richard
Brooke, Bart. ; Mr. Alderman Griffith ; Mr. Councillor
Parker ; Mr. Alderman James Lawrence ; Mr. Richard
Brook ; Mr. Hardman Earle ; Mr. William Eccles ;
Mr. William Grierson ; Captain Morgan ; Mr. Bartho-
lomew Bretherton ; Mr. Gilbert Greenhall ; Mr. William
Rawson ; Mr. William Heyes ; Mr. Philip Whiteway.
After the usual loyal toasts had been given,
Lord STANLEY rose, amidst loud cheers, to propose the
principal toast of the evening. The Noble Lord spoke
nearly as follows :—Gentlemen, it now becomes my duty
to propose to you a bumper toast. I propose to you to
drink prosperity to that society whose anniversary you
are now met to celebrate, and whose progress, from very
small beginnings and by very gradual steps, to its pre-
sent advanced stage of prosperity, I have had the satis-
faction of witnessing through the period of sixteen years
during which I have had the honour'of filling this chair
as president.—(Hear, hear, and applause.) I had hoped,
when I had addressed you last year, that before this
time we might have effected a combination with another
and a sister society in this country, by which the moans
of usefulness of both, by which the sphere of emulation
of both—which is the means of usefulness—might have
been considerably extended. That arrangement has not
been brought to a conclusion. Unforeseen impediments
have for the present, prevented it ; but I trust that it is
for the present only; and that before another year has
expired those difficulties may be surmounted, which have
hitherto prevented the union of the Liverpool and Man-
chester Agricultural Societies.-=(Cheers.) Gentlemen, I
address you at a period of no small difficulty to me in my
present position, and of no small anxiety to the agricul-
tural interests of the country generally.—(Hear.) I ad-
dress you at a period when it has been thought right
by Parliament to withdraw that legislative protection, or
at least to make provisions by which that legislative
protection shall shortly be withdrawn, which the agri-
cultural interests of this country have hitherto en-
joyed. And I address you also at a period when it
has pleased Providence to visit this country and the
greateri part of the civilised world with a mysterious
visitation, in the almost entire failure of crop essential
to the maintenance and support of the poorest portion
of the community.—(Hear.) But, gentlemen, these
are topics upon which, here, I can hardly dwell. I
cannot speak to you of the measures which it has pleased
Parliament to adopt, for several reasons. First, that it
is a wise and judicious rule of this society that it should
exclude from its discussions everything that can lead to
political dissension or political differences of opinion ;
next, that it is yet doubtful, and it remains to be proved,
whether the change which Parliament has decreed is a
change which will be sanctioned and made perpetual by
the feelings and opinions of the community at large.—
(Hear, hear.) Thirdly, the operation of this measure
has not yet come into effect—(Hear)—for I need not
tell those that I am addressing that at this time, and for
the next two or three years, there still remains a duty
of aos. per quarter upon the introduction of foreign
wheat. Lastly, I will not speak upon this topic, because
whatever may be, even ultimately, the operation of
this Legislative measure, its even partial operation
has been, in a great degree, counteracted and im-
peded by other and temporary causes. The enormous
—I will not say the exaggerated, I will not say the dan-
gerously large, but I will say the unprecedentedly large
—amount which is now being invested in various specu-
lations and in various works, tends unnaturally to raise
the price of labour, and, consequently, unnaturally to
increase the demand for provisions, at the time when
that very visitation of Providence to which I have re-
ferred presses upon this country and upon the Continent.
Therefore, even were I not precluded, as I am, from
dwelling upon this topic, and upon the legislative mea-
sures which have been passed, by the rules of this so-
ciety, I should be precluded by a consideration that the
effect of those legislative measures—if legislative mea-
sures they are ultimately to be—must stand the test of
time. This, alone, I will say, that, having expressed in
another place, where it was my bounden duty to express
it, my opinion, unhesitatingly and unreservedly, upon
the policy of those measures, the wisdom and the sound-
ness of that opinion remains yet to be tested by time—
(Hear, hear)—and no man will rejoice more than I shall,
if the apprehensions I entertain should be found to be
unfounded or exaggerated.—(Hear, hear, and cheers.)
Nay, more, gentleman ; no man, in his sphere and
position, shall do more, by increased exertions, to
render those apprehensions less founded than I believe
them to be.—(Hear, hear.) I also must abstain from
offering to you, gentlemen, any observations upon the
almost general, I may say the universal, failure of the
potato crop—a failure so universal, not only in this
country, but in every part of these united kingdoms,
that in passing, about ten days ago through the city of
Edinburgh, I was assured there had not been exhibited
for sale in the market of Edinburgh a potato for at least
ten days or a fortnight.—(Hear, hear.) I shall not
dilate upon this topic, for the best of all possible reasons,
because I know nothing about it.—(Hear, and a laugh.)
I believe if all the most learned men in Europe were to
make an honest confession, the result would be that they
knew no more about it than I profess to know.—(Hear,
hear.) , They know it is general, they know that it is
fatal, :most dangerous in its tendency, and most
lamentable in its effects. But - as to its cause and
origin, as to the mode of preventing or palliating the
evil, there are many different opinions; but none of them
have stood the test of experience, and none of them can
be pronounced upon with the smallest degree of cer-
tainty. Gentlemen, I do venture to hope, notwithstand-
ing, from indications which came in a remarkable manner
unde my own cognizance, some three or four years ago,
when I had ,the honour of holding the office of Colonial
Secretary, that this visitation will not be continuous.—
(Hear.) I was applied to at that time from the distant
island of St. Helena to consult well-skilled persons in
London as to a mysterious disease which had there
broken out three years ago. I say nothing of the uni-
versal prevalence of disease in the potatoes. I believe—
and I trust the fact is so—that the disease does riot owe
its origin to any permanent failure of, or deficiency in,
the root itself, but to some extraordinary atmospherical
influences ; and that, as it has been the will of Provi-
dence to afflict us with this visitation, so we may look
forward, with a humble confidence, to the withdrawal of
the visitation by the act of the same Providence, against
which, it at present appears, no human skill or foresight
can guard.—(Hear.) I am the more led to entertain
this conclusion, because I feel that those among us
who are practical farmers will see, in the course of the
present year, whether it be from atmospherical influ-
ences or not, that othererops are similarly affected, though
not to the same extent as the potato crop. I regret to
say, in this county, and I hear in other districts, the tur
nip crop is also, to a great extent, a failure. Even in the
gardens—l do not-know whether any of you will have
remarked it—there is an extraordinary disease, similar
to that in the potato, exhibited upon a small scale in
the celery beds, the leaves being spotted, black, and
withered, and the plant itself rotting in the same manner
as in crops of potatoes and turnips. I do not pretend to
offer you any observations upon either of those two topics
which are yet matters of the deepest interest to those
who, like many of you, are engaged as practical farmers
in cultivation. I rather turn to see what advantage we
can derive from the amount of misfortune; and it will be
no small advantage to one part of this empire, and I
will venture to say even more—no small advantage to
this part of the country in which I am now speating, if
the uncertainty, or rather the general failure of the
potato crop shall lead the farmers—small farmers espe-
cially—to rest their attention and their trust less exclu-
sively upon potatoes as a green crop, to the exclusion of
many others that might be adopted.—(Hear and ap-
plause.) I think we have in this country, and I know
it to my cost as an Irish landlord, relied too extensively
upon the cultivation of the potato. That sole stay fail-
ing, distress has grievously increased. I recollect the
time when it was confidently declared that the turnip
would not grow in this country—that the soil, climate,
and I know not what, were so adverse to its cultivation,
that to expect to grow turnips was looked upon as the
height of absurdity. I will now venture to say, that,
take the district of this society throughout, there is no
district in England which, with proper cultivation and

proper attention, will yield a more remunerative—per-
haps there is hardly any one which will yield an equally
remunerative—return, in crops of turnips, than the dis-
trict comprised in the limits of this society.—(Cheers.)
In the course of this evening I shall have to read to you
instances in which—what do you suppose? Two-and-
twenty, five-and-twenty, six-and-twenty tons? No; but
nine-and-thirty, and forty-three tons of Swedish-
turnips per acre have been produced by farmers in the
limits of this society. I believe that with proper skill,
proper attention, and with proper draining—(Hear,
hear)—soil of a great part of this district will become
eminently calculated for the growth of turnips, which it
was thought would not grow here at all; and more, that
the general moisture of the climate of this country, fa-
vourable as it is to some descriptions of produce, is emi-
nently favourable to the growth and the extension of
turnip crops. Therefore, I think it will be deriving
" good out of evil," if we can, out of the effects of the
general failure of the potato, lead the farmers of "the
country to turn their £ttention somewhat more to turnip
cultivation than has hitherto been the case.—(Hear.)
Gentlemen, in addressing you upon the prospects and
position of this society, I feel that while there is yet
much to be done, there is still much upon which I have
a right to congratulate you. In the first place, you are
free from debt.—(Hear.) Your expenditure has not ex-
ceeded the means upon which you can annually rely.
In the next place, your subscriptions, and the number
of your subscribers, and still more, I am happy to say,
the interest taken in the operations of the society, are
annually and most satisfactorily upon the increase.—
(Hear, hear.) I know not, gentlemen, what was the im-
pression produced upon any of you who were present
at the show-yard this morning, but I will candidly
confess, my impression, upon entering the yard, was
a feeling of disappointment at the smallness of the as-
sembly there collected. That, perhaps, was the impres-
sion of some of you. They say- you may prove anything
by figures.—(Hear, hear.) One thing, at all events,
may be proved by figures. If a certain number of per-
' sons on entering the yard pay a certain sum the amount
collected is a pretty fair test of the number of persons in
the yard.—(Hear,, h9-itr.-) Last year the money taken
I the doorseilf tin% y4iitT was 634 odd ; this year it was
1031., being an increase of no less than two-fiths upon
the gross amount received last year, although, from the
enlarged size of the premises, the number of persons
appeared comparatively. insignificant, and, no doubt, de-
ceived many, as it deceived me, as to the interest taken
in the exhibitions.—(Hear, hear.) I had also another
feeling of disappointment, which I will confess, for upon
these occasions I speak to you candidly and without re-
serve, for I never flatter you. I speak my- impressions
plainly. They may be worth nothing, or they.may be
well founded. But my impression of to-day's show
was that there was not that improvement in the
general exhibition which I should have been desirous of
observing. The pigs, no doubt, were magnificent. I
do not think I have ever seen a better supply of that
article, which, indeed, has always been of very good
quality in the show-yards of this society. But lam sa-
tisfied, with regard to many others, the best animals were
not seen in the show-yard. I am satisfied, for instance,
there are many better horses in this country and in this
neighbourhood than were exhibited to-day. With re-
gard to sheep the case may be different. We are not yet
a sheep-growing country. When we become more a
turnip country, perhaps we may then have better sheep;
but at present we cannot say much for them. I never
saw—though I may be corrected in this by the judges—
so uneven a lot of bulls. Thefe were some very inferior
animals—some most miserable wretches.— (Hear, hear.)
I think I have often seen a better average lot. One cir-
cumstance I know, which in my mind outweighs, in the
import and inference which it conveys, the general merit
of the show—l mean the superior quality generally of
the stock exhibited here, not by landlords, but by te-
nant-farmers.—(Hear, hear.) I cannot pass through
this country—l cannot go through the fields—and, in
the ordinary pursuits of life, I cannot pass from one
part of the country to another, without noticing much,
within the last ten or twelve years, a decided, a
marked, and a great improvement in the general
breed of cattle.—(Hear, hear; and applause.) I am
sure the tenants have paid more attention to it. I am
sure it must be supposed it is more economical and
wise to have the best, rather than the worst, breed, and
I see those wretched, raw-boned, tough-hided, long-
horned bullocks, which I was familiar with in my in-
fancy, gradually making way for a superior description
of cattle. I allude, with peculiar pleasure, to one cir-
cumstance—a circumstance new in the annals of this
society, and I believe uncommon in the annals of any—
that the first prize for the bulls of one description was
gained by a tenant-firmer against all the landlords in
the society—a tenant whom I name to his credit, Mr.
Atherton, of Upholland.—(Hear, hear.) I say that in-
stance shows that in the rearing stock the tenant-
farmers can compete, and successfully compete, with
landlords and wealthy proprietors. This is at once an
incitement to other tenants to aspire to the same im-
provements, and a most gratifying proof that the minds
of the tenant-farmers are set upon those exertions which
will certainly lead to ultimate improvement.—(Loud
cries of " Hear.") If I look round upon the state, not
of the show-yard to-day, not of the farming stock, ut of
the cultivation of this country, I see, as all of you must
see, marked and general improvement. I see in every
quarter old and useless and rubbishy fences disappear-
ing. I see straight lines taking the place of crooked
lines. I find narrow but effective fences taking the
place of broad, extravagant, expensive, and, at the same
time, imperfect fences.—(Hear.) Aye, gentlemen, and
I find throughout the country the farmers finding the
wisdom of putting down drdins which will carry off very
rapidly that flood which is now falling down upon us.
(This allusion was to a very heavy shower of rain which
was falling at the time.) I do not doubt the draining
powers of those who are sitting underneath the torrent
which is falling down.—(Laughter and cheers.) In one
sense, and at this hour of the night, it appears our pre-
decessors and the wisdom of our ancestors must have
had some advantages over us in the way of draining, that
is to say, in the way of draining "potations pottle
deep."—(A laugh.) But of this lam quite sure, that I
see in every field, or at least upon almost every farm in
my own knowledge, the most gratifying proofs that the
farmers of this country are convinced of the necessity,
and more, of the economy, of deep and thorough drain-
ing; and
,that they are satisfied that there is no bank in
the world in which they can so well lay out their own
money, and that of the landlord, as in their combined
exertions—(Hear)—upon the land which is the property
of the one, and in the beneficial occupation of the other
for the time being.—(Hear, hear, and applause.)—But,
gentlemen, although I do see great improvements, I will
not say there is not room for much more. Our motto,
as farmers, ought to be, " Think nothing done while
aught remains to be done."—(Cheers.) I may be told,
and I have no doubt I shall be told with some authority
--I do not deny the fact—l think that a very great and
general fall of prices must have a tendency, so far, to
check agricultural improvements, as to render it nue&
visable upon some soils to expend large sums in further
improvements. But I believe this—that
.where it is
worth while to cultivate land at all, it is more worth
while to cultivate it well than to cultivate it ill, and that
good farming will be found more economical and more
satisfactory than bad farming, which some of us, by-the-
bye, have not yet quite got ridof.—(Hear.) There is one
truth I should wish to impress upon you. This is not a
time to make long speeches. lam perhaps making a
longer one than I ought to do at this moment.—(Cries of
" No, no.") This is not the time to enter upon a long
discussion of the merits of respective systems of draining,
or upon whether drains ought to be so and so deep. In
point of fact, the depth of the drains, and their distance
from each other, must be dependent upon the character
of the soil and the nature of the sub-soil. I believe,

upon the average of the soils of this country, drains,
parallel drains, about three feet deep, and from six
to eight yards apart, will effect every purpose. Of course,
the distance between the drains must depend upon the
porous or tenacious quality of the soil; and I have no
doubt there is great truth in that which is said by the
advocates for very deep drains (four feet instead of
three), that it may have a certain economy, because the
additional depth enables you to draw the water from a
greater surface, and the smaller number of drains you
have to put in will compensate for the additional outlay
required for making them of the greater depth. Of
course, however, this is a matter that has to be regulated
by the particular circumstances of each individual
farmer. All I contend for is this—there is no farmer

who has a right to complain of the state of his land who ,
cannot show that in this wet climate and tenacious s
if, soil
he has done his best to carry off the superfluous mois-
ture from the roots of his plants, or having seen by
experience the success that attends these operations, ho
is devoid of enterprise and spirit. Nor can he complain
of being replaced by another more enterprising com-
petitor if he does not follow the examples of im-
provement set him, which have proved to be so
practically beneficial to those who have adopted
them. I do not think I am required to say much
more about draining off superfluous moisture ; but
there is one subject to which I should wish the farmers
of this part of the country to turn their attention. I
see in the draught report which has been put into my
hands, and which is to be printed by the society, " that
of all the crops produced, the most abundant has been
that of weeds, which have flourished so extensively, as
to baffle the efforts of the most active and industrious."
—(A laugh, and " Hear, hear.") I have no doubt about
this. Of course, it is not necessary to say that, in a
certain sense, the growth of weeds may cause more
trouble than any other crop; but this I will say, that the
general state of cultivation in this country with regard to•
cleanliness of the land is a point that requires particular
attention, for it is open to obvious and just animadver-
sion. The farmers do not appear to be awake and alive
to this plain fact, that the ground can only afford nourish-
ment for a certain amount of produce, and that every-
thing taken from the nourishment of the crops in the
shape of weeds is injurious to them. I believe it really
would be a wise provision, if it could be introduced into
the lease, that every farmer should have his rent in-
creased in proportion. to the amount of weeds upon his
farm—(A laugh)—masmuch as by such extravagancies
the amount of rent he would be able to pay wonld be so
much below what he would if the land were properly
cultivated. I recollect a gentleman in Northumberland,
who could not get some of his tenants to remove the
mole-hills. " Very well," he said, "I shall take a fresh
measurement of them ; I shall measure all the mole-hills
up-hill and down-hill, and charge for the superficial
area of all I find."—(A laugh.) If we could strike'?

Some such balance with regard to weeds, I am confident
it would have a very great effect upon the cleanly farni-
ing in this part of the country.—(Hear.) I will not
presume to detain you further than to express my cor-
dial thanks, first for the patience with which you have
now listened to me ; next, for the continued and in,
creased support which you• hare given to the society, in
which I take a deep, and I will state also, a growing
interest. And permit me to say that while I see
in the cause of this society much- to encou-
rage, and much to induce us to be thankful
for the exertions made, and to be pleased with
the progress that has been made, I see, jdsq, we have
still much before us, and my earnest hoe is, that
stimulated by the emulation produced by such socie-
ties, both landlords and tenants will exert themselves,
hand in band, to meet the difficulties to which they may
be exposed, whether by visitations of Providence, by the
legislation of man, or by difficulties to which they may
be unused. Let them exert themselves with true Eng-
lish spirit to meet all these difficulties with correspond-
ing exertions ; and where belief and confidence are, more
especially in this district, where we have the advantage
of an abundant supply of manure, and the still greater
advantage of constant and overflowing markets, close at
our doors, those exertions, if applied to the soil, will not
be invested in a treasury that will yield no return, but
one which will yield a liberal return to both landlord
and tenant. Morethan this ; these increased exertions.

—and the increased interest felt by both will tend to
that which is most for the interest of all classes of the
community—namely, to a cordial and thorough good
understanding between landlords and tenant•farmers.—
(Cheers.) With these sentiments, and an apology for
the length of my observations, I beg to propose as a
bumper toast, " Prosperity to the Liverpool Agricul-
tural Society."—(Loud cheers.)