The Sun.
London, England, 1846-05-21 00:00:00

LITERATURE.

GUIDE TO THE TURF, andl; OCKET RACING
COMPANION for 1846. By W. Rte:
This is the authority on all matters relating to the
turf, and it deserves to be so, for nothing can exceed
the accuracy and extent of the information which it con-
tains, or the admirably clear and succinct manner in
which the information is arranged. Any one referring
to the Guide can in a moment lay his finger on the in-
formation which he may require, whether that infor-
mation relate to the nominations—which are all alpha-
betically arranged and indexed—to the length of the
courses, the laws of racing, the names of the jockeys,
their lowest weights, the " lots," the names of the
trainers, or the colours of the riders. It contains,
moreover, ati accurate Racing Calendar for 1845, and is,
in fact, a complete mirror of the racing world of the
United Kingdom.

A DISPLAY OF HERALDRY. By IVni. Neu.iun.
The author of this work states his object in publishing
it to have been " to revive the knowledge of an obsolet,-;
science, of which he became enamoured in his youth,"
and certainly the handsome volume before us, with its
various illustrations, historical and pictorial, is well
calculated to attain that object. The author, it appears,
has been engaged for the last thirty years in collecting
the materials tor this publication, ,which may be con-
sithrtd as a modernised Guillim. But it is
not by this work alone, which has evi-
dently been a labour of love, that Mr. Newton
has vindicated his right to the till° of Champion of
Heraldry. He has delivered a course of interesting lec-
tures on the science before the members of a literary
and scientific society in the City of_ London, and the
substance of these lectures will be found in the present
publication. The style in which the work is written is
concise and clear, and the author has made his subject
really quite interesting. The book, which is beautifully
printed and is altogether " got up "is a very superior
style, will no doubt be a great,favouritein the old half:
and castles of our country squires, while every YQung
Englander will think a library incomplete that does not
boast one copy, at least, of the display of heraldry.

THE TRUE GRANDEUR OF NATIONS.
By Charles Sumner.
Much learning, no little philosophy, and a great
benevolence of spirit are comprised in this oration. It
contains in itself an indication of the sentiments which
are fast gaining ground among the civilised portions of
mankind, and the ultimatum of which sentiments is the
extinction of warfare and the establishment of a general
peace. If only as bodying forth these new and very
noble views of the human end for which men were
created, the little publication before us possesses a most
peculiar attraction. Hitherto, that is to say until
within a very recent period, the applause of the populace
has been chiefly lavished upon those who have con•
ducted nations to victory: in ancient times mere animal
valour was esteemed a virtue : the aggrandizement of
their territories was formerly regarded as the principal
duty of a legislature ; and the appurtenances of battle
were considered as the most glorious insignia of a
citizen. History is indeed mainly composed of the
contest of states, the slaughter of armies, the glory of
conquerors, and the enumeration of victories. During
the days in which the Heathen mythology formed the
religion of Europe, heroes were apotheosized, were pro-
claimed to be, and worshipped as, gods. Generation
after generation, even subsequent to the establishment
of Christianity, the people were instructed to regard
these things as natural, and laudable, and worthy of
imitation ; the children of the people drank in with
their rudimental education a reverence for martial enter-
prise, a reverence for the soldiers of antiquity, a
reverence for prowess when displayed under a military
guise. Novel lights are now, however, springing up in
the popular intellect • national conflicts are beginning
to be contemned as derogatory to an enlightend race ;
the implements of war are considered by many
as nothing more than the instruments of crime;
helmets and gold-laced jackets are looked upon
as baubles ; a mortal struggle has commenced between
" Captain Sword and Captain Pen." It is not difficult
to perceive to,what all this agitation of opinion is tend-
ing ; and we may readily conjecture that in the sub-
version of ideas which have hitherto been (if we may so
employ the verb) sanctified by the acquiescence of our
forefathers, a mighty change must ultimately come upon
society. The question is, therefore, will that change be
productive of good or evil ? When war is brought into
utter contempt with the multitude, it will net be re-
sorted to very readily ; that is a proposition very easy
of comprehension. And that such feelings are rapidly
penetrating the mind of the population, every one who
has at all investigated the intellectual progress of his
contemporaries must acknowledge. Nevertheless, this is
not the only circumstance to be taken into considera-
tion when reviewing this momentous subject ; we must
discover whether those incitements to battle, which
have hitherto goaded our ancestors to bloodshed, will
still continue in existence. Now it is impossible to
form an adequate estimate of the consequence; which
must result from the acceptance of free trade among
the governments of the earth, and at the same moment
to maintain the continuance of those incitements.
Reason teaches us that such must naturally and by
necessity be the ulterior effect of an unrestricted com-
merce. Richard Cobden has ulready pronounced this fact
in his harangues to the people of England. With flys
suppression of agricultural monopoly warfare wilt be
virtually suppressed ; with the proclamation of an uni-
versal free trade a general peace will be virtually pro-
claimed. The interests of mankind will be become then
so intimately linked together ; the prosperity of one
nation will be so materially dependent upon the pros-
perity of another, that, notwithstanding their dissimi-
larity of language, of manners, or of creed, the king-
doms of the world will gradually become massed into
one indivisible family. Russ and Frank, Belgian and
Spaniard, Britisher and American, will meet as brothers
yet more than they are accustomed to do now-a-days ;
the opportunities for international contention will never
occur ; the possibility of warfare in Christendom will
never exist. Such is the consummation of these
glorious principles as prefigured in their very nature, as
announced by the representative of Stockport, as anti-
cipated and believed in by ourselves. But the develop-
ment of this consummation is wholly dependent upon the
universality of the system by which it can be alone pro.
sluced. Upon this particular, however, we can rest
patiently with a conviction of its fulfilment. The Com-
mons of Great Britain have already accepted the policy
in question; we may, therefore, upon the most mature
deliberation, consider its incorporation in the 'English
constitution as a matter of absolute certainty. England
is the greatest commercial empire on the face of the
globe; her mercantile transactions influence every mar-
ket in the " four quarters;" her sister states will con-
sequently be driven into an adoption of the same policy
—though when that adoption will be completed it is im-
possible to conjecture. Still it must come ultimately,
and the result must be an universality and a permanence
of peace. For the promotion of the same cause, the
antipathy to warfare, which we have formerly notified as
having already become, to a considerable extent, so
popular, will undoubtedly prove efficacious, The bles-
sing of a general tranquillity among nations is still alto-
gether prospective; this fact must never be so far for-
gotten as to distemper our benevolence; and we must
each and all of us continue to act upon a knowledge that
it is prospective. We have been sedneed into this long
digression both by the ineffable importance of the sub-
ject, and because the oration under notice is an embodi-
ment of that antagonism to the battle-field and the
soldiery to which we have alluded. Mr. Sumner, in
delivering it before the municipal authorities of the city
of Boston, has given an eloquent voice to that spirit of
antagonism, and has embellished those views with very
extraordinary marks of erudition. He has proved him-
self an original thinker, an adventurous speaker, and a
lover of his fellow-men. Still there is a certain amount
of Quixotism in his anxiety to obliterate the very re-
membrance of war forthwith ; and we cannot but think
he has generalised his condemnation of its practice to a
most reprehensible extent. He looks with loathing at
its records ; the great captains of the
past are, without
any distinction, monsters in his and "miscreant?_ s eyes •
Patriotism, and all the nobler characteristics ofthose
deeds of battle, are all forgotten in his loathing for the
military art every other sentiment gives place to the
one predominant feeling of disgust at a system. This
is a most diseased and mock philanthropy; it is false and
extravagant to the very lastdegree. Whatever may be our
opinions as Christians, and as dwellers in the nineteenth
century, we must reverence thousands of those battles,
of those vanquishers, and of those warlike persons
generally, remembering that in many cases bloodshed
was forced upon them—escape from it was unavoidable
—that, in short, they performed their parts, and per-
formed them gloriously. We could fill books upon
books with the mere catalogue of these facts, hundreds
of which will recur spontaneously to. the memory of
historical students. Nay, we could adduce, did space
enable us, the career of the most wonderful man this
earth ever beheld as an instance of defensive wars from
the first hour of his political life to the very last, ren-
dering him, on-that account, as well as from the admir-
able qualities of his head and heart, an object of our
veneration and love—not as Mr. Sumner would regard
him, a wholesale murderer and a curse to humanity.
Our comments have extended to such an unexpected
length that we can only recommend this oration, in a
few words, to those who are curious as to the thoughts
by which their contemporaries are animated. We can,,
moreover, bating its vein of prejudice (a vein which
would raise the indignation of the hero-worshipper,
Carlyle), recommend it with cordiality. It is a 'fine
specimen of American oratory, and it shows, not only
the rhetorician, but the philanthropist, the scholar, and
the independent thinker.

THE BLACK-GO friV PAPERS. 2 Vols
By L. Mariotti.
Seldom is a work submitted to our criticism endued
with such peculiar characteristics as the present. In
these two volumes are a series of novelettes, written in
the purest and most elegant English, by an Italian gen-
tleman named Mariotti, one whose abilities are already
familiar to magazine readers. We observe that the
style of composition for which the author is so remark-
able has received the commendation of one of our most
facile and fastidious writerz. Sir 13ulwer. Lytton has
observed of the productions of Mr. Mariotti, that k‘ the
English is wonderful;" and wonderful it undoubtedly is
in more than one particular. rerhaps a foreigner has
never before displayed such a fecundity of expression,
such a command of diction, such a knowledge of syntax,
such symmetry of construction, and such a power of
rhetoric :as the individual we have already mentioned.
14 his former work Mr. Mariotti gave us an insight,
through the lens of his own opinions, of thp, political,
historical, literary, ecclesiasticall ad artistic pect.liari:.
ties of his native
land—
", Italia X O Italia! thou who hast
The fatal gift of beauty."

Now, however, however, he draws the curtain of distance from his
country, and enables us to form same conception of the
social phases of Ma countrymen. He carries the reader
from sober disquisitions to attractive fictions ; he for-
sakes the currule chair of commentary for the abandon-
ment of familiar life. From a consideration of the gene-
ralities of his birth-place be descends to the portraiture
of its individualities ; he paints the Italian in the carnis
val, in the basillica, in the vineyard, on the highway, in
the cottage ; he depicts town society and the society of.
the country ; the borgthis., and the gran' signor. A
native deacriptiun of a remote people (that is to sac, of a
people separated from ourselves as well by a difference
language as a difference of costume, of customs, or lon-
gitude) is always the most acceptable species of descrip-
tion ; but, generally speaking, the faithfulness of the
narrative is filtered away through the carelessness or in-
capacity of a translator, and the scenes become distorted
,from their original significance. Here, howbeit, we re=
ceive the account-pure and unalloyed from the lips of the
foreigner hiniself—he becomes, as it were, his own trans-
later. Such things hays' without doubt, occurred re-
peatedly before this ; philosophy was formerly written
only in the Latin tongue, anti as recentiy .fis the last
generation Mr. !Seaford first produced his " Vatha "
in charming French version. With 31 r. rlariutti, how
ever, the selection of an segoired iiion, originates,
not so much in eccentricity as in a
This very fact is, nevertheless, er,mitteive it.t.the greatest
blemish in the etrusion of this An,Jo-italiart ; he Li SO
ostensibly a deserter from his kttive land in its social,
and even its religious partialities, that we absolutely
mourn over the alteration: A red Indian, bedizened in
the foppery of an European dress, twirling a rattan in
his brawny hands, and displaying in his bronzod visage
.the inroads made by unwonted petitions of alcohol, is,
to our thinking, the most sad and mournful spectacle
that can be witnessed. And it is thus sad and thus --
mournful because it is in do fiance of his nature ; it
is, so to speak, a deSertion of his Lirthright.
Precisely with a similar f► eling. do we regard
any member of' a civilised nation abandoning the habits,
the mode, the idiosyncrasy of his fellow-countrymen, to
turn the fribble of some antagonistic race. 'chat is a
lugubrious sight enough, but how much more sombre
and- regretful is the impression conveyed to the mind,'
when, in addition to these acquisitions the person in
question becomes the scoffer of the most cherished, the
most revered, the most idolised of the sentiments of his
andc ti nmt ruyemh e /a%
u,
(8, urechstivsett hewsp(emxittircamortd)finallrlyr.
taMleanrts,iottin,
sorry degratdati Th
regret their very
liarities of the Italians—pecuilariTie -1-ehvarpoiosusisbplyee.hue-
himself formerly possessed---. Only aff•sol,vdnch.-:
tunity for derision ; their very religioninils maniuolepptolrie-
jest. This is
unceasing and unseemly object of it
painful; we repeat it with a genuine sadness of heart
it is painful. For whatever may be our partialities for
mother Church, we cannot but confess that ridicule is
derogatory to the very genius of Christianity, when that
ridicule is coupled with anything like piety—however
much that piety may be distorted. Vulgar gibes are not
conducive to the suppression of any faith, they rather
tend to consolidate the holders of that faith into a con •
crete and embodied love for their religion. Sarcasm, is
not the due helpmate of revelation; -scurrilous jokes are
not the most appropriate polemical weapons, iVith this
fault, however, we believe we have mentioned the only
glaring failure in these volumes; and, consequently,
with a protest against such an unnatural display of
recklessness to the feelings of so considerable a portion
of Christendom, we can cordially commend the work to
the lovers of romance, of legend, of travel, of adventure,
It is a palateable indange of tragic interest and comic
interest, as instance the two very first stories, " Cate -.
rind" and " Orazia." The "Organ-Boy's Progress" is,
we fear, "an ower true tale," and one likely to generate
emotions of philanthropy. The " Black-gown Papers "
are clever, sparkling, life-like, original.

THE THAMES CHT CLUB.
The first match for the season by the boats of the members
of this club took place yesterday. The match was for three
pieces of plate—two silver cups and a claret ewer; and was
for yachts of two classes, one prize for each class, and the
third prize open to both classes. The match was from Erith
to the Chapman-head, and back to Greenwich. At ten
o'clock, the company invited to be spectators, the members of
the club, and the officers, &c., embarked on board the Star
steamer, at the Adelaide-wharf, London-bridge, and pro,
ceeded at once down the river, stopping a short time at
Blackwall to take more visitors, &c ,on board. Lord Alfred
Paget, the new commodore, was on board, and directed the
proceedings, &c. The band of Mr. Adams was in attend-
ance, and enlivened the company with waltzes and other
cheering music, and notwithstanding the boisterous state oC
the weather the numerous ladies and gentlemen on hoard en-
joyed themselves very pleasantly, and expressed the higbest
gratification at the arrangements. On arriving at Erith the
ez
their
posts
i ti n g
, anxiously all the yachts
scene
prizes teaswere eal?
awaiting the signal for
starting. The wind was blowing in squalls from the south-
west, and a strong tide running down, They were arranged
in the following order:--
1. Prima Donna, 25 tons—Mr. T. Harvey,
2. Vixen, 25 tons—Messrs. lleighington. Owner.
3. Belvidere, 25 tons—Lord A. Paget.
4. Inc, 25 tons—Mr. 11. Gibson.
5. Fleur do Marie, 25 tons—Mr. Tvisdenlbdmes
0. Jilt, 19 tons—Mr: E. 3. Maude,
1. Secret, 25 tons—Mr, a. W. Srnith.
SECOND CLASS.
1, Enchantreas, 10 totri—Mr. 11. Atkinson.
2. Ranger, 12 tons—Mr. E. W. Roberts.
The start took place at a quarter to I o'clotk, the Secret
taking the lead, the Jilt second, the Ino third, the Fleur de
Marie fourth, the Belvidere fifth, the Prima Donna sixth,
and the Vixen seventh, the Ranger taking the lead of her
antagonist, the Enchantress. Off Purflect the Belvidere was
fourth, the Fleur do. Marie fifth, the Prima Donna sixth,
and the Vixen seventh—the Ranger keeping a head of her
opponent in gallant style. The wind was blowing very fresh
at this point, and the boats going at a racing pace. At
the Chapman-head the boats rounded the flag buoy is
the folloi-ing order, being well together:—The Secret at 20
minutes to 3 o'clock, the Vixen, Fleur de Marie, Prima
Donna, and Belvidere within two minutes alter, all close,
upon each other; then the Ino, the Jilt, and the Ranger,
and last time Enchantress. The pace back was as good as
that down the river, the tide having turned, and the wind
being favourable, but in perpetual squalls, and in one of these,
whilst in the Lower Hope, the Belvidere carried away her
bowsprit and cross-trees, and was completely dismantled, so
much so, that she was taken in tow 1 y the steamer, and left
her rivals to contend for the cups. Off Galleons the Prima
Donna got the lead, and the Secret. was the second boat, the
rest being at some distance behind, but yet in good places,
and the match was concluded at Greenwich in the following
order :—The Prima Donna rounded the flag at 28 minutes
past G o'clock, the Vixen at 31 minutes past, the Secret
within half a minute later, the Fleur de Marie at 37
minutes past 6 o'clock, and the Ranger at 10 minutes to 7
o'clock. Thus the Prima Donna was the winner of the first
class prize, the Ranger the winner of the second class: prize,
and the Vixen the winner of the prize for the best second boat
of either class. The match was one of the best contested no
ever remember to have witnessed on the Thames. The wind
tested the powers of the boats and the seamanship of the
crews. The whole was perfectly satisfactory. At the con-
clusion of the match Lord A. Paget presented the pieces of
plate to the winners, with the usual ceremonies.

MUSICAL GOSSIP.
The resolution of Madame Grisi and Signor Mario not to
sing at morning concerts will bear heavily on our opera
concert givers—since it deprives them of a first-class soprano,
' and the only tenor worth listening to. • A Naples letter will
show, in its writer's own flowery fashion, how slight have
been the attractions presented there during the past Easter
season :—" After a long suspension of all public amusements,
Naples has thrown aside what so ill becomes her—her
annual mourning ; and our theatres are again opened. I
proceed to give you the bill of fare. First, we will look in
at the Teatro Nuovo, hitherto more strictly appropriated to
the regular drama, but on Easter Monday distinguished by
the novelty of a Ballo ;' not that a new company of
Ballerini has been formed there, but that a detachment from
pro-
bable eCatrhl
that
that
the
egone l
eonsy-erwtion Iflt
o;
utrihsohugaht iat adpiaptzreselikto.,lmee p_triciee-
metropolis. The subject of the ballet is taken from
wretched
abortion, which will, doubtless, be jisc
Sergenti, with the title of GuEgiebho
fate t
Eredita. The same seems r,
was the .Ereda senza
/eßtooberfrotn the stage, as
is
Nlieor novelty at
successfullyl
Fthurnetiaot7
bthuet di Tesda
debutante in tl ••
revived and repeated. Of two
Siits charming
the latter, Signor Gionfrida„
opera, awakens nsa itneonroperutaehl Beatrice
dGnenirbeeSignora Brambilla (the
' soprano)a continued to find her way to every heart. After
Beatrice were presented, not a ballo, but the ballerini, who
gave us a Divertimento di Ballo.' Signora Ferrari
awakened universal admiration ; indeed, the return of this
l
has produced
eeritsaaebl
fnl
ee
after e cN teraci c apeor
itetoffa.
ne cs
haenladti
oinee quiteaisustained
turnedsaid
t ethe
sheh hasewholeds
Psyche, more graceful, beautiful, and voluptuous than ever,
emfodtehleledeih
interest of the Divertimento di Ballo,' and at present she is
the mark of universal admiration. With all her merit,
however, how slight a support is this of the theatrical
character of Naples—and how meagre is the bill of fare
which the Easter season offers !" It may assist some of our
early summer tourists, who are also fanatici, to state that a
grand Whitsuntide festival will be held at Aix-la-Chapella
—to be conducted by Dr. Mendelssohn, and " starred" by
Mdlle. Jenny Lind. The music to be performed is as
follows :—On the 31st of May, Mozart's Symphony, No. 5,
and Haydu's Creation. On the Ist of June, 'Weber's
Overture to Oberon ; a Motet by Chernbini ; Beethoven's
C minor Symphony : and Handers Alexander's Feast.
Some ten days later the good town of Liege,
give its " celebrity," for which Dr. Mendelssohn
has expressly composed a Catholic Psalm, or Cantata, of
some extent. Shortly afterwards is to he held the grand
meeting of the singing societies at Cologne—al.4o conducted
by Dr. Mendelssohn. So many " doubts and fears " have
been circulated with regard to the composers new oratorio,
and its possible or probable production at Birmingham, that
we are glad to announce, on good authority, that it is com-
pleted, and will be there brought forward, as originally in-
tended, late is August. )idlle. Jenny Lind's career at
Vienna has been no less triumphant than elsewhere. The
young Irish lady, too, Miss Hayes, has been very successful
at the Italian Opera.—Madame Dorris-Gras is about, on the
occasion of a benefit, to sing the second act
,ortrLine.is Dbaisanbmzenen,
at the Paris Opera Comique.—Signor Tarot,
received with such warm welcome at Berlin as to cut short
his meditated journey to England. Ile is now, we are told,
d 'lll Vieutem
in ordinary," or something
.of the m
permanently attached to the Russian court, as "first singer
has also received a court appointment at St, Petersburgh.
w him)as nobly deserved by has been
Beethoveniwe'sseuptieadnobfyortthe ,e hymintatreornefStph ineai—
h eeni
statuestte Sa
of s
with
eed,
Rossini,
n.
What would musical Europe not give to see the
original tenor to the Opera House in Paris,is to be placed in the
vestibule.
in the orchestral—Athencrum.

THE APPROACHING TERM.— Trinity Tenn begins
to-morrow (Friday). The arrears of the Coalmen Law Courts have
been reduced since the commencement of Easter Term. In the
Court of Queen's Bench the earliest rule but one for new trials was
moved in Easter Term, 1845, and in the other Courts the proceedings
were commenced in the Present year.
We regret to announce the death, on the 12th inst.,
at his lodgings in St. James'splace, of Mr. Gansevoort
Secretary of the Legation of the United States of Americathis
Court. We understandd the remains of Mr. Melville have been
sent
for interment to his Wilily in the United States.
This gallant
DEATH or MAJOR-GENERAL
otstnitZritei-ttehlere7d7othn
yearthe I.7fthhtslrs,,tg. :t4saff;raYtaE,
until comparatively ad.
born in 1769, but did not enter
ft...tit
year.
able career in the service of his
vaaeed life, viz., in his twenty-fohe
urth
that, on the 28th ult., the
741-yiefti4:FE
A letter from
edornfoarniQeuneteend
consist
T 9
we :710,1a:rid Aneisbrr,aanstsi adndoiftso r,e
hatolise3elpso,roerithseithii,enesaritiots7:
Bey
Victoria.seest stmt