The Sun.
London, England, 1848-03-30 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, MARCH 30, 1848.

Irish people wish for repeal ; that "at least 6,000,000
people shouted for repeal." That may be so, and
yet we venture to assert that the Irish people de-
sire repeal no more than we do. They may clamour
for what they imagine repeal to be, for
what their orators have taught them to believe it—
the panacea for every evil, the realisation of every
wish. If that is repeal, then they do desire it. But
of its real meaning, aid possible consequences, even
while they clamour loudest for it, they are in total
ignorance. Were they acquainted with its true sig-
nification, the most ignorant of them would assert—
that a house divided against itself cannot stand ;
and the least sagacious would be aware that two
rival and antagonistic Governments would be any-
thing but conducive to the interests of the governed.

being adopted towards Ireland, that, " when our
entente cordiale with France should fail us, as it would
fail us, we should have an entente cordiale with
Ireland to supply its place." It would be interesting
now to consider, though almost impossible correctly to
decide, how much of that prediction has been falsified and
how much has been realised. The entente cordiale with
France has certainly failed, at least the entente cordiale
to which that reference was made, namely, that
which then existed between the French and English
Governments, which understanding was funda-
mentally shaken when M. GIJIZOT first projected the
Montpensier marriage, and irrevocably destroyed
when Lord PALMERSTON uttered his protest against
that same alliance. The entente cordials between
the French and English people, as yet, endures, and
while the French Government continues to practice
what it now preaches, namely, fraternity at
home and peace abroad, it will endure. But
how stands the case with Ireland—have we now
a cordial understanding there ? Does that entente
cordiale yet exist which promised compensation for
the disruption of foreign alliances? Have we an
entente cordiale with Ireland now ? If we look for a
reply to Messrs. MEAGHER and SMITH O'BurEss we
shall meet with a most emphatic negative. If we
inquire of Mr. J. O'CONNELL and the members of Con-
ciliation Hall we shall obtain a similar and equally
decided answer; and if we consider the proceed-
ings which transpire at such meetings as that
hold at Limerick on Saturday last, the
sentiments there pronounced, and the approbation
which greets those sentiments, we must reluctantly
acknowledge that it would be difficult, and perhaps
impossible, under existing circumstances, to obtain a
satisfactory affirmative reply to our inquiry—does an
entente cordiale exist between this country and Ire-
land ? Nevertheless, we are fain to believe that even
these demonstrations do not express the real senti-
ments of the great body of the people. We are
inclined to think, as we most earnestly de-
sire, that better and more fraternal feelings
with regard to England now animate the hearts of
the Irish people generally, and that these ebullitions
of anger and indignation are of a temporary and
superficial character. Yet, even if they be so, it
cannot be denied that they are greatly to be depre-
cated and deplored. The account of the Repeal meet-
ing held at Conciliation Hall, on Monday last, is most
unsatisfactory, while the details of that at Limerick
are inexpressibly grievous. In this latter place many
thousand persons congregated together for the fur-
therance of repeal ; and what added to the lament-
able nature of this meeting, was the fact that
one of the speakers, one of the fomentors of
discontent was a clergyman—a Roman Catholic
priest. This circumstance greatly aggravates
the unsatisfactory character of the proceedings, be
cause, especially under present circumstances, it is
exigent that the influence of the clergy be exerted in
a totally different manner. It is far them to silence
murmurings and diffuse contentment. The words of
the preacher are not to be as the breeze that stirs up
the tempest, but rather as the oil which, according to
the proverb, " doth ocean's troubled waters calm."
In this respect the Catholic clergy of Ireland have
hitherto not only merited no censure, but deserved
all praise. The sorrow and misery which have so
long afflicted the country fell heavily upon them, and
the submission and fortitude with which those sorrows
have been endured is in a great measure owing to their
exertions. We are ready, nay, we are anxious, to do
them all honour on this account. The terrible
lists of mortality have testified as to their diligence
and self-forgetfulness by the numbers who have
been carried off by fever caught in the pursuance of
their duty to the sick ; while the unrepining sub-
mission and unwavering faith evinced by the
poverty-stricken and desolate in the midst of all
their privations, bear witness to the zeal and efficiency
with which the life-diffusing doctrines of Christianity
have been preached. Hence, of the approbation
which their conduct in tribulation has gained for the
Irish people, we are disposed to think a con-
siderable portion due to the clergy, and, consequently,
it is not to inculpate all that we now take occasion
to accuse those clergymen who take part in the sedi-
tious speeches of repeal meetings of lamentably per-
verting their duty. It is true that Dr. O'BRIEN, in
his speech at Limerick, extolled the benefits of peace,
yet, although the name of peace was certainly on his
lips, the tenor of his discourse was destitute of any
pacific spirit ; for example, in exhorting Irishmen to
union among themselves, he observed that "Irishmen
may differ regarding the best means of serving their
country, but they can never differ while
they have a common foe." This common foe,
we presume, is England! Now, willing as
we are to make all allowances for animosities engen-
dered by the grievances of Ireland, and the still
greater grievances which the Irish imagine they have
sustained, we cannot but consider such remarks to-
tally unjustifiable. England is not the foe of Ireland.
The English people entertain the kindest feelings
and the strongest sympathies towards the inhabitants
of the sister country—the English are not the com-
mon foes of Ireland ; and of this we should
imagine the Irish must be by this time con-
vinced. It is true that Ireland has suffered
greatly from misgovernment we do not wish
to extenuate this fact, we deplore it, and
we earnestly desire to see it rectified.
Latterly, however, a better course of policy has been
adopted, which has been slowly but gradually fol-
lowed up from the time that the Maynooth Bill took the
initiatory step in a course of conciliation and conces •
sion. IVe anticipate and desire still better things for
the future, yet we admit that Ireland has had
grievances to complain of. Nevertheless, in her recent
trials, have we evinced no sympathy ? If she has
been afflicted, have we not also sorrowed ? Dr.
O'Brien, in his discourse, when touching on
America, observed " there was large policy as
well as large charity in the freights and friendship
of America last year ;" but he can, it seems,
recognise neither policy nor charity in the freights
and friendships of England. It would ill
become the generosity of which we boast for us now
to recapitulate our assistance to Ireland, in order to
make a demand upon her gratitude; for in what we
did to alleviate her sorrows we only performed our
duty. Still we were not negligent ; when she was
bowed down in affliction, we also humbled ourselves
in sackcloth and ashes to pray for her deliverance.
When her people were oppressed with famine, we
took from our own necessities to minister to theirs.
And all this was no empty form. The English
people really and truly sorrowed and sympathised
with their Irish brethren. England is not the foe of
Ireland, and we trust the Irish believe this too well
to heed the contrary assertion of any individual,
whether priest or layman, repealer or republican.
Two days after this Limerick meeting was held,
the weekly meeting of the Repealers took place. Its
proceedings were of a more violent character than
usual. Mr. J. O'Cosnaem. declared with much
energy and vehemence, that a splendid opportunity
had arrived for making a final movement for repeal.
He purposes forthwith, accordingly, to bring the sub-
ject under the consideration of Parliament. Should
the Parliament agree to it, well and good ; should
they not, " the Irish Members will not allow a single
English measure to be proceeded with in either House
of Parliament." This, we presume, is in order to
persuade the English people of the advisability of
repeal, by showing them the practical inconvenience
of having Irish Members in the House of Parlia-
ment. Seriously speaking, however, it seems amaz-
ing that at this time of day a scheme so
impracticable and unreasonable as repeal should really
be earnestly and gravely supported. Whatever form
of government be the best—and on that point opinions
are various—it is universally admitted there can be
but one supreme executive, whether it be a King, a
Ministry, or a Parliament ; or, as in this country,
the whole of them acting in union. But two separate
rival, and perhaps antagonistic, powers are totally
incompatible with the due order of social existence.
To put the question in its narrowest and simplest
form—either the Irish Parliament (after the proposed
repeal) would be enabled to act independently of the
English Parliament, or it would not; if not, it would
be perfectly useless, its existence would be a mockery,
and to be a member of it a degradation. If, on the
other hand, it could legally act in opposition to the
other Legislature, where would be the unity of the
Government ? Where would be the system by which
social order would be preserved. How could the
liberty of each, and the welfare of all, be duly cared
for or protected ? Dlr. O'CONNZLL may say that the

Diet. This Federal Assembly thus fortified will
give to these points the character of resolutions, and
put them into execution. Prussia has chosen M.
DAHLMANN to represent her Federal Assembly."
The Cologne Gazelle gives the following as an
answer to the KING to the proposition for forming
the constitution through the people by means of pri-
mary elections, and for publishing immediately the
electoral law, without any previous appeal to the
Diet :

" Having already promised a constitutional law upon
a basis the most extended, it is my intention to publish
a popular constitutional law, from which will spring a
representation founded upon the primary elections, and
embracing the whole interests of the people, without
distinction of religious creeds, and to submit as a pre-
liminary this law for the consideration of the Diet; and
from the petitions which have as yet reached me I am
bound to consider the speedy assembly of this body us
forming the general wish of the country. I should he
acting directly in opposition to the wish manifested by
the country were I to accede to your propositions, and
publish a new electoral law without taking the advice of
the States.

THE FRENCH REPUBLIC.

PROCEEDINGS AT PARIS.

We have received the Paris papers of yesterday.
The 3loniteur contains a decree of the Provisional
Government for transferring; the woods and forests,
which formed part of the property of the former civil
list to the administrators of the state forests.

"I am satisfied from your loyalty that you will your-
selves be convinced, and that you will be able to con
vince your constituents that I cannot admit your pro-
posals for a moment whilst thug which you ask for is not
supported by the general wish of the country."
A Berlin journal of the 27th states that on the
news being received that a Provisional Government
had been formed at Kiel, to resist an attack of the
Danish troops, the Prussian Government gave orders
to different detachments of troops to proceed rapidly
to the frontier, in order to prevent a violation of the
territory of the German nation. The Governments
of Hanover, Mecklenburg, and Brunswick, have also
been invited to cause their troops to advance towards
the frontiers to protect the national soil.
We have seen a letter from Berlin, dated March
25, from which we extract the following :
" With respect to political news, I forbear giving you
any of those details which you will probaby meet with
in the English papers, and confine myself to such facts
as I think are not likely to be reported, and which come
to my knowledge and are discussed in my office by men
of all classes. Berlin, Breslau, Konigsberg, in fact all
towns of importance, are at present in a complete state
of anarchy. The inhabitants of this city are protected
only by the very strong moral feelings which have taken
root in the minds of men, and which manifest their in-
fluence even upon debased characters, by the fact that
acts of theft and larceny have become of rarer occur-
rence since the outbreak of the revolution ! I am
firmly convinced, that if our working classes were left
quietly at their occupations, tranquillity would soon be
fully restored, all animosity against the military would
soon be forgotten, and the peaceful inhabitants would be
very happy to be relieved of the service of the National
Guards, and would give a hearty welcome to the
soldiers. But I am sorry to say numerous clubs
—in the French sense of the word—have been
formed, and it is the object of at least some of
them to stir up the people. The Zeitung Halls,
an evening paper, is the organ of the most violent of
these clubs, composed of ' Literati ' and of ' Men of
Genius.' It preaches in 10,000 copies that those citizens
ought to be despised and execrated who ' already ' wish
for tranquillity. No rest, no quiet, is what they
call aloud on all corners.' And do you know, my dear
Sir, who protects us? Ist, citizeus—Mr. commands
fifty of them, who carry guns weighing 201bs. on their
shoulders, but who not only have no powder nor ammu-
nition of any kind,but who, even if they had it, would know
as much how to avail themselves of their arms as I should
of commanding a 74. 2d, some 600 or 1,000 students,
German burghers, who are too well known to need a
detailed notice.
" Another class of clubs is composed of men who
reason as follows:—The King still clings to the old
regime, he will call, or rather has called, a landbag,'
composed, in a great proportion, of men either blindly
devoted to him, or at least to supporters of the old
system; this assembly will form the constitution upon
rules: insupportable by a free nation; we shall then have
either to protest or to drive away the landbag, and
to go through. a second revolution in order merely
to insure the fruits of the first, and this we are not all
inclined to do. We will rather strain every nerve, and

The same official paper announces the successful
mediation of the Committee of the Government,
presided over by M. Louis BLANC, between the
workmen and the proprietors of several large machine
factories.

It was rumoured in Paris that a French army was
about to be formed on the Rhine, and that 40,000 of
the troops in Algeria would be recalled to form part
of it. Another army of 30,000 was to be formed at
Dijon.
The steam-frigate Labrador arrived at Toulon on
the 25th from Algiers. When she left the colony was
perfectly tranquil.
The Prefect of 'Toulon published on the 25th the
following notice to those workmen in the dockyard
who had announced their intention to strike :
" The Viee-Admiral Maritime Prefect has learned
with regret that certain operatives attached to the ar-
senal intend to refuse to return to their employment on
Monday next. The Vice• Admiral Maritime Prefect
advises those operatives not to suffer themselves to be
led astray by bad advice, and he assures them that the
measures adopted by the Government of the Republic
on the 2d inst. for continuing employment for the opera-
tives shall be scrupulously executed in the port of
Toulon. " PARSEVAL. "

The Jesuits have been expelled from Avignon.
The disturbances in Lyons still continued. On
the 26th 2,000 workmen attacked the military stores
of Perrache and plundered them of several thousand
carbines.

The Nalional reproduces, from the Abeille du Nord,
the personal organ of the Emperor of RUSSIA, an
article on the French Revolution, which must have
been written by one suffering under the most
agonizing pangs of impotent rage. If we are to
attribute ,this article to the inspiration of the EM-
PEROR, he evidently, on the receipt of the news
played " the woman with his eyes and braggart with
his tongue." How will he act when he hears of the
revolutions of Berlin and Vienna, and Lombardy,
and Poland ? Will he follow the example of " the
scorpion girt with fire ?"

The Constilutionnel states that there are 30,000
Russian troops concentrated on the frontiers of Gal-
licia, a few leagues from Cracow. 50,000 Russians
occupy Russian Poland, and Warsaw alone contains
a garrison of 20,000 men. The Russian Imperial
Guard has already marched towards the frontiers of
the Grand Duchy of Posen. The army of reserve
has been called from the interior, and the army
stationed towards Odessa has received orders to send
15,000 men towards Gallicia.
The army of the Caucasus is to be diminished, and
has received strict orders to confine itself to the de-
fensive. SCLIAMYL has established a regular estafette
service with Constantinople, in order to obtain the
earliest intelligence of what passes in Europe. His
intention is to assume the offensive as soon as hostili-
ties shall have commenced in Poland. It must not be
forgotten that there are from 60,000 to 80,000 Poles
in the Caucasus. The state of Southern Russia is
very uneasy. The Cossacks are greatly irritated by
the harshness with which the Czatx has treated them.
The province of Kusan, situated between the White
Sea, the Ural Mountains, and the `Volga, is in a
state of great excitement. The four millions of
Tartars who inhabit it are eagerly expecting an oppor-
tunity of throwing off the iron yoke of the EMPEROR.
This province supplies Russia with her wealth; it is
here that her funds, the mines of platina, of gold, of
copper, and of iron, and here are the forests, which
furnish the finest timber.

will prevail on the King to grant at once the most liberal
institutions by proclaiming universal suffrage, and call-
ing upon the nation to elect immediately such represen-
tatives as they consider trustworthy. The clubs of the
first class n ere heartily grieved to see the people paying
respect to royalty, eve❑ during the mournful processio❑
of the burial of their brethren on the 22d inst. ; they
labour for a republic—Lamartine and Victor Hugo
govern France, why should not Jaralis and Hcrwegh
govern Prussia ? The clubs of the second class, although
composed of men of more temperate principles, will not
disdain to call to their aid the working classes, and both
avow that in the monster meeting which is to take place
to-morrow, they will tell the people that man doth not
live by bread alone,' but that besides the bread sent
to them, however generously, and at the cost of the more
favoured classes, they must also be made aware of their
duty and ability to legislate for themselves, and that
they have but to try their hands at it in order to find out
their fitness for the task.

"Deeply rooted distrust prevails throughout Germany
of the King of Prussia's intention; he is considered an
excellent actor, and it is almost dangerous to confess
one's belief in his honesty.
" The palace of Prince 'William Radz.ivill—the
proudest aristocrat in existence—is the place of rendez-
vous of all persons belonging to his class; a party, which
though weak enough at present in the capital, is very
strong in the country; they have the military force at
their command for a bloody reaction, and nobody doubts
that if they assemble 'iu landbag,' the party will make
an effort to bring about a counter revolution—and may
then God save us!

According to the National M. GUIZOT has applied
to the Provisional Government for his salary from the
month of February. Whatever may be the virtues
of the ex-Minister certainly modesty is not among
them. Perhaps M. Gurzot will be so good as to present
himself to M. GARNIER PAGES and make the demand
in person. We also find the following in the
National :

" The military are exasperated to the highest degree;
1,000 of them were killed because they obeyed the com-
mands of their General, the Prince of Prussia, and all
regiments who were employed (including the guards)
are refused re-admittance, not only by Berlin. but by ell
cities and towns of Brandenberg and Pomerania, the two
most loyal provinces of the kingdom. There can be no
doubt but these very men will soon be called to defend
the country against the foreign foe, and I trust to God
they will forget and forgive.
" This moment a deputation of Poles returns from the
King, who have 'requested his permission to raise a
Polish German Legion. in the province of Posen, in order
to defend it against the invasion of the Asiatic Hordes,'
commanded 1 his Majesty's dear brother-in-law I They
offer the throne of Poland to the Prince Waldmar of
Prussia, and desire that the King should give up the
province at once. The reply has, of course, been evasive,
His Majesty cannot act without the advice of his
landbag.'
_ _

" Louis Phillippe had placed 600,000 f. of rentes on
the grande liars of the public debt, but this investment
took place under different supposed names. Whilst
M. Marrast was administrator of the Civil List he dis-
covered this fact, and the inscriptions have been placed
in the same conditions of surveillance as the other pro-
perty which belonged to the ex-King."
Some of these papers state that England has for-
mally protested against the interference of the King
of SARDINIA in the affairs of Lombardy.
The Government has given orders for the imme•
diate assembly of a camp of from 30,000 to 35,000
men between Vienne and Grenoble. " This mea-
sure," says the Union," has no doubt been caused by
the intelligence received from Italy."

"That the King of Bavaria has abdicated, and that
M. Bunsen is to be recalled immediately, are occur-
rences hardly worth mentioning in times like the present."

BOURSE.--VARIg, WEDNESDAY, MARCH 29.
HALF-PAST THREE—Thishas been a quiet day at the
Bourse, the price of the Rente remaining nearly the same
as yesterday, the Three per Cents, and the Fives each
showing an advance of only 50c. The former opened at
42f., which was the quotation of the day, and after
having been, done at 41f., closed at the opening price.
The Five per Cents. opened at 61f. 50c., the highest
price of the day, were done at 601., closed at 61f. Bank
of France shares are without variation at 1,350 f. Roman
are also unchanged, at 531. so are the Quatre Canaux
and the Caisse Hypothecaire, at 1,00111., and 150 f. Spanish
Fives were done to-day for the first time since February
at 1 If., and show a decline of 104 f., the price at present
being 154 f. Railway Shares are rather drooping; Mar-
seilles have fallen 19f., closing at 254 f.; Havre are at 2001.,
Orleans at 650 E, Vierzon at 220 f., and Nantes at 330 f.,
each, being sf. lower than the day before; Strasburg
at 338 f. 75c., being If. 25c. lower; Rouen are 2f. 10c.
higher, at 3821. 50c.; and Northern lf. 25c. higher, at
3261. 25c. ; Lyons are unaltered, at 295 f. Bons du
Tri3or continue to lose favour; they were to-day at 42
per cent, loss. The 100 f. notes of the Bank of France
were issued to-day for the first time, but that circum-
stance did not seem to diminish the cost for obtaining
specie for the 1,000 f., as the charge is still 20f. French
gold is rather lower, the price being 70f., and the Eng-
lish sovereign brings less, being at from 26f. 75c. to 27f.
A rumour prevailed at the Bourse to-day, that a plot of
the Communist party to seize on the Hotel de Ville, and
to depose the more moderate members of the Provisional
Government, had been discovered the day before. No
one ♦entured to affirm that he could say anything of this
matter of his own knowledge, but every one spoke and
was speaking of it.
BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, MAncri 29.

AUSTRIA.

The Vienna papers are full of letters from the
Au3trian provinces of Styria, Illyria, Carinthia,
and Tyrol, descriptive of the enthusiasm of the
people when the news of the EMPEROR'S late conces-
sions reached them.

Letters from Prague speaks of considerable excite-
ment against the Archbishop of PRAGUE, who had
refused to read mass for the victims of the revolution
at Vienna, because they were " rebels." The people
would have broken his windows, but were prevented
by the National Guard. The Burgermaister of Prague
has resigned his office.

Boulogne and Amiens, 534—Northern of France, 21/2
Paris and Lyons, 11/s—Paris and Orleans, 231 A—Paris and
Rouen, 1314—Rouen aid Havre, 7:!4.

GERMANY

AND

THE NORTHERN STATES.

PRUSSIA.

Tranquillity seems completely restored throughou
the Prussian dominions.

We read in the Universal Gazelle of Prussia of the
26th :—" The German Congress, which was to have
taken place either at Frankfort-sur-Mein or Dres-
den, cannot meet, present circumstances obliging the
German Sovereigns to remain in the midst of their
people. Nevertheless, the deputies of several states
of Germany, of Wurtemburg, Hesse Baden, and
Nassau have arrived here, and, in accordance with
the envoy of the King of SAXONY, have agreed on
the following points with the Prussian Government.
Necessity of confiding the direction of all the
confederation to a single elective chief, to a high
chamber composed of members of the confede-
ration or delegates, and to a chamber of deputies of
the nation, elected by the different states. The Ger-
man Parliament will have to occupy itself with the
federal army, and the arming of the people; it will
establish a federal tribunal, and give a common le-
gislation, especially in criminal matters, with unifor-
mity of weights and measures. To hasten the
examination of these different points, 17 citizens en-
joying the national confidence, will be added to the

A letter-patent, which has been received at Kiel
from Schleswig-Holstein deputation to Berlin, says
that all the demands of the deputation have been
granted, including the admission of Schleswig-Hol-
stein into the German Confederation.

" KIEL, MARCEL 14.—The Copenhagen steamer, which
left Copenhagen at noon yesterday, arrived here to-day,
and brought a letter patent from the Schleswig-Holstein
deputation, who were still in audience with his Majesty;
but by letter they urgently recommend that no violent
measures shall be resorted to, as there was every reason
to hope that they would obtain a satisfactory reply to
all their demands.
" That the new Cabinet be composed of Count Moltke,
Finance; Chamberlain Badenfleth, Justice; Count Knuth
von Soroe, Foreign Affairs; Monrad, Religion; Tscher-
ning, War; Lehman and Holdt, without a portfolio;
Von Plessen German, Chancery ; Bluhm, General
Customs. .

" CIIRISTIANSBURG, HALF-PAST TIVELVE.—III the
audience, the submission of Scheel was notified by the
King. Everything else is now very tranquil. A Cabinet
Council is now sitting, and we are awaiting the result at
the palace.
" The taking of the fortress of Rendsburg was yes-
terday effected by Prince Frederick, with great adroit-
ness, and without bloodshed. Early in the morning he
left Kiel for Rendsburg by an extra train, accompanied
by about 300 Lauenburg jagers and.3o burghers.'
" They arrived et the station at Rensburg without
encauntering any obstacle. As soon as the men had left
the railway carriage, the Prince advanced with them
upon the mai❑ guard, and called upon the garrison to
surrender. This was done. The other troops followed
their example. The 14th battalion, however, which did
not belong to the Federal contingent, made some resis-
tance, but were soon overcome, and the Prince found
himself in possession of the fortress, and was in command
of the troops before the commandant knew what had
happened.
" The taking of Rendsburg and the formation of the
Provisional Government was made known by the fol-
lowing proclamation :
" ' Men of Schleswig-Holstein, a Provisional Govern
ment has been formed by the King at Kiel for the
duchies, at the head of which is his Highness Prince
Frederick Emil von Schleswig-Holstein, Sonderburg,
Augustenburg.'
" His Highness has just made his entry at the head of
the Lauenburg corps. The garrison of Rendsburg has
capitulated to us.
"By command of his Highness this intelligence is
communicated to the people of Schleswig-Holstein. All
places and districts are urgently requested to send troops
to Rendsburg, with all possible expedition, for the de-
fence of the country.
" By command of the Provisional Government,
T. W. PENAT, President of the Assembly.
" Rendsburg, March 24."