The Sun.
London, England, 1841-07-31 00:00:00

TALLOW MARKET.

Prices were firm, and P. Y. Candle at 475. 6d. on the spot,
and 4es. for delivery, in last three months, but not much busi.
ness done.

FRUIT MARKET.

A fair demand prevailed for most articles, and prices were
firm, especially for Currants.

SPIRIT MARKET,

A large demand existed for Rum, and prices were on the
advance; Proof Leewards sold at 2s. 2d. per gallon. Brandy
was held firmly, but the marketwasTtiet.

OIL MARKET,

Prices of Fish Oils were firm, and the demand good. Pale
Seal, 3:21. per ton. Linseed oil quiet at 295. 9d. per cwt.
Rape in better request, at stiffer rates.

CHANCERY CO RT.-(THIS DAY.)

TULLOCK U. HARTLEY.

The further arguments in this part-heard ease, the
facts of which we stated yesterday, were resumed this
morning, and occupied the whole day.

ROLLS COURT.-(THIS DAY.)

SHEPPARD V. MORRIS, AND MORRIS' V. SHEPPARD.

The MAs'rEl of the ROLLS was occupied the who7e
morning in hearing the arguments in the above cases,
which have now been before him for two days. The
case was not finished when we went to press.

VICE CHANCERY.—(THIS DAY.)
His Honour the VICE-CHANCELLOR took petitions
and short causes this morning, but nothing of public in-
terest occurred up to the time of our going to press.

BANKRUPTCY—(TB IS DAY.)
(Before Sir F. WILLIAMS.)
IN THE lIIATTER OF RICHARD slum.
The bankrupt in this case, who carried on business as
a butcher in New Staftbrd-street, appeared in Court to
pass his final examination.
Mr. Weir, the solicitor to the fiat, said that although
the accounts were not quite satisfactory on some points
connected with the estate, yet he vas instructed to in-
form the Court there would be no further opposition
offered by the creditors to the bankrupt passing his final
examination.
Sir F. WILLLtUS said that perhaps by pursuing such
a course, the estate could be made profitably available to
the creditors.
The bankrupt accordingly passed his final examination.

LLO YD'S SHIPPING—(THIS DAY.)
LONDON JULY 31.—Wind this day at noon N.W.
DEAL, JULY 30.—Wind S.W.—Arrived the Funchal,
Fowrase, from Hayti ; Nesbit, Marlaw Jamaica ; Con-
quest, westward. Arrived from the River, and sailed,
Wellington, New York. Arrived from the River, Der-
went, for Hobart Town ; Maidstone, Calcutta ; New
Phoenix, Jamaica; Cercrops, James Harris, Asia ; Eliza-
teth, Quebec ; Harriet, Cadiz. Sailed, Maidstone, Cal-
cutta ; Ida, Jamaica, and several others.

OFF DOVER, JULY 30.—Malcolm, Pound, for London.
OFF MARGATE, JULY 30.—Arrived the British Em-
pire ; Lord Brougham, Gilmore, and Everthorpe, Que-
bec ; Promise, Pinkford, Saguenay.
RAMSGATE, JULY 30.—Arrived off, the Aid, from
Newport, for London, rather leaky and with sails split.
PORTSMOUTH, JULY 30.—Wind N.W. to W., fresh
breezes.—Arrived the Diadem, Harland, from Louebock,
sailed 23d March ; Chevalier, Shields, for Boston.
FALMOUTH, • JULY 29.—Wind N.W. to W.N.W.,
strong breezes.—Arrived the Ranger packet, from Vera
Cruz, sailed 12th ult., Tampico 17th, Havannah 29th,
with $190,000 ; Duke of Cambridge steamer, Dublin,
for London, and received on freight $lOO,OOO.
LIVERPOOL, JULY 30.—Wind W.N.W., very fresh.—
Arrived the Middlesex, from New Orleans ; Columbus,
Quebec ; Orizembo, Davis Sierra Leone, sailed on the
11th ult. Arrived off the Dennison, from Antigua ;
Isaac Newton and Columbus, New Orleans ; Ayrshire
and Nerva.

KINGSTON, JULY 29.—Arrived the Navarino, White,
from Quebec ; Quebec packet, Wheeler, St. John's.
New Brunswick.

YOUGHAL, JULY 24.—Arrived Britannia, Quebec.
CORK, JULY 28.—Sailed the Eby a, and Ann, and
Alexander Edmond, ditto ; Lascar, Mackie Australia.
PETERHEAD, JULY 28.—Arrived the Sylvanus, from
Restigouche. The Eagle, from Liverpool to this port, is
on shore at Scots' Town Reef, but is expected to be got
off ; part of the cargo has been landed, and part thrown
overboard.
SHIELDS, JULY 29.—Arrived the John and Anne,
Gibson and Spring, from Lyons, Miramichi ; Robert,
Forrester and Neptune, Quebec ; Allison, Dalhousie ;
Jane, Rouen.

HULL, JULY 30.—Arrived the Elizabeth Holderness,
from Miramichi.

YARMOUTH, JULY 29.—The Othello was lost on the
Longsand yesterday morning ; crew saved.
OFF ROMNEY, JULY 30.—Arrived the.Aberdeenshire,
from Gaspe.

SANATORY STATE OF THEISLE

OF WIGHT.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

Sia—As a very old and steady subscriber to The Sun
newspaper, permit me through its widely-circulated co-
lumns to otter a few observations on the injurious report
that has been propagated regarding the health of this most
favoured summer island.

The malicious person who first spread the report that
a dangerous epidemic was raging throughout the Isle of
Wight was . . . (The rest of the sentence is libellous.)
I have just returned with my son from the Isle of
Wight, having made a complete tour of the island. To
speak of the natural beauties of the place would be super-
fluous ; its salubrity and health-invigorating breezes
are proverbial. This I can say, that my own health is
recruited, and in the wholesome and hearty-looking faces
of the men, and the merry laughing eyes of the women,
I see very little proofs of malaria.

By advertisement in the papers of yesterday, I perceive
that the clergy and other authorities have come forward
and denied the statement made by the man to whom I
have alluded. Unfortunately, it is as difficult to track
the footsteps of a knave as to divine his motives. This,
however, I know, that every effort is being made to
identify the author of this mean and malicious report.
I have little doubt that Ryde will eventually altoge-
ther eclipse Brighton and other places along shore. As
a watering place it is unrivalled, society is select, and it
is nut yet infested with the quackeries and tinseled
knaveries that beset the larger fashionable locations.
From St. Helen's to the Needles the whole is redundant
with the brightest historical associations, and for beauty
of scenery unrivalled throughout the British empire.
Trusting that the knave who circulated so injurious
a falsehood may meet with his reward—l am Sir, your
obedient servant, HENRY BREDING.
Royal Albert Saloon.

DEATH FROM THE KICK OF A HORSE.—
Yesterday evening an inquest was held by Mr. Higgs, at
the Ormond's Head, Princes -street, Storey's-gate, West-
minster, on the body of Mary Hatch, aged 73, a patient
in the Westminster Hospital, who died on Tuesday last.
It appeared from the evidence, that last; Monday fort-
night deceased was crossing the road opposite the Horse
Guards, and had just reached the kerbstone, when a
horse in a cab that come up at that moment took fright
at a troop of soldiers and plunged furiously, and struck
deceased on her heel with his forefeet. A few days af-
terwards she was attacked with erysipelas, and died on
Tuesday last. Verdict, " Died by the visitation of
God."

The sum mentioned on Thursday in the Common
Council by Mr. Jones, as considered sufficient to defray
the expenses of carrying into effect two of the great City
improvements, was 200,0001. and not 20,000/.
The hop grounds at Orchard Portman, near
Taunton, are in the most luxuriant state, and should the
great hop-growing counties be equally prosperous in
their growth, an abundant supply may be expected.—
Western Times.
Self, the murderer of Jemima Stempson, near
Norwich, on being revisited by the Chaplain of the Castle
immediately after his condemnation, did not hesitate at
once to confess to that Rev. Gentleman his guilt, and to
acknowledge the justice of his sentence.
INCREASE OF TRAFFIC.—The London and
Birmingham traffic has risen to 19,169/. We now begin
to think that it will soon reach the 23,000/. per week, as
estimated. The Preston and Wyre traffic also exhibits a
great increase.—Railway Magazine.
The Grand Caledonian Curling Club held their
annual general meeting on Tuesday last in the Waterloo
Hotel, Edinburgh, when the Earl of Eglinton was
elected President ; James Wright, Esq. of Lawton, and
John W. Williamson, Esq., Kinross, Vice-Presidents for
next year. Twenty-eight clubs claimed admission into
the Association ; of these one is at Belfast, in Ireland,
and another at Montreal, in Canada. Fifteen district and
thirty local medals were given, so that no fewer than
sixty clubs will be engaged in contesting the Grand
Club medals during the ensuing winter. After the con-
clusion of the business, a large party dined together, Mr.
Wright in the chair and Mr. Williamson, croupier, and
spent the evening with great hilarity. We understand that
the adjourned meeting is to be held in November at Kil-
marnock, when it is hoped that the Noble President will
himself preside.
HOPI INTELLIGENCE.—WORCESTER, JULY
30.—Some of the plantations where the bine is of the
best growth, the plants have made a little improvement
during the last week, and the blow is beginning to show
itself rather healthy, but weak. We find a great quan-
tity of yards quite short of bine, being scarcely half up
the poles, and without any side shoot ; these of course
cannot do any cropping this season, consequently the
produce will be partial. We have a little demand for
fine hops for present consumption.

BURDENS BORNE BY_THE LAND-

Some of our Contemporaries are engaging 111
an elaborate discussion concerning the peculiar
burdens borne by the land, and as they make
them out to be ls. per quarter on wheat or 6s.
per quarter, they conclude that the protecting
duty on corn imported ought to be ls. or 6s. per
quarter. We will not engage in such a discus-
sion, because there is an immense confusion of
terms, great difficulty in ascertaining the truth,
and, supposing it ascertained, no reason whatever
why laud should not be relieved from any sup-
posed peculiar burdens inflicted on it. We
O'ust'
however, endeavour to justify our views, and, if
we can, clear away some of the confusion in
which the subject has been involved.
What is meant by land bearing burdens ? It
bears, and a noble foundation it is, our houses
and our bridges and our railroads; it bears,_
when we cultivate it, fruits and flowers both non-..'
risking and gladdening to man's life ; but it is a
mystification to say the land bears fiscal burdens.
They fall on the people ; they all fall on indus-
try ; they are all abstractions from the produce
of industry ; they are all paid by labour, the one
source at all time of every shilling of the national
revenue; and it is a piece of sheer mystification
on both sides to write and talk about laud bear-
ing fiscal burdens.
The real question is, whether the industry
engaged in agriculture bears more of the State
burdens than the industry engaged in manufac-
tures. At once, the answer is plain and positive
—it does not. It is subjected to no peculiar
burdens by the State. The industry of the
agriculturist, and all the instruments he em-
ploys, even to horses, as far as the State is con-
cerned, are as free as air. He can send his
produce to any and every market. It is not sub-
ject, except in the case of hops, to any E%eise
or restrictive laws. He needs no permit to inev'p
it about. No prying exciseman visits his Pre-
mises to see what he is doing. He can b:..eak up
his land, or neglect it, or use it, so far Is thwe
State interferes, just as he pleases. It is (111,,,'"
when agricultural produce goes into the
of the manufacturer that it is subject to restric'
tions. The maltster, the brewer, the distil/et;
the tallow-welter, cannot work without tilt°
presence of the exciseman, or in subjection
Excise regulations ; and the fanner must berme'
a manufacturer, a maker of cyder or malt'
brewer, or a tallow-melter, before he is sollje9"
05:4
to any of the restrictions which the State imPos
on industry. It is, therefore, a fact—an urine. of
niable fact—that the industry of theagricultiltr7,:i
is subjected by the State to no peculiar burdens'
The only burdens or restrictions that it is subs
jected to are laid on by the landowners, ntbf.
the customs of some districts, not by-the Suite i.;19"
but with them, as they are matters geirerally °f
private -bargain and. contract, the Public rape•
nothing to do. Land, the great instrument litt:
which the agriculturist labours, is let sulue
ject to a great variety of restrictions, which t 1
landowners suppose are for their benefit. TheY
lay down rules for its cultivation and cropPiLlgii
and fbr manuring it, and disposing of the haY
straw, for breaking up meadows, and retaillal er
a certain proportion of land in grass anctlie ur
the plough. These are onerous, and, irr'°e.,
judgment—though we are not intirnatelY 311_
quainted with the art of agriculture--rOst
ri-
jurious restrictions on the indhstry of the Ito •
culturists—restrictions, too, imposed fc`r serer
purposes, by the idle and ignorant lartdow
itivitte
on the industrious and skilful men who erli—into
the earth. It is not our business to inquire leave
those restrictions, or their effects ; we rail-510,0_
that matter in abler hands; but we assert; 1
the
out fear of contradiction, that nearly
ch pre-
restrictions on 'agricultural industry wul ,nier3
vail in England are imposed by the latind‘
et th
and land-Occupiers themselves, and the"stric-
State, while it imposes a vast number arethe
for'
tions on manufacturing industry—partly _A
purposes of revenue and partly for the
resu
preservation of morality and health—leaties th
industry of the agriculturist, except, p,mia'l3Sl
in the article of hops, entirely free.
en
This is, however, not what the landowlandownermean. They mean that their just receipts fro 'll
rr
the land, and the just profits of the farmer,• -arc
more taxed by the State than the just receipts
the manufacturer and of professional men •
The national wealth is divided into rent, profit,
and wages; and the real subject of complaint :i:
not that the wages of the agricultural lablrby
or the profit of the farmer, are unduly ta%e
the State, but that the rent, of which the lan'
time
owners are the recipients, has to.pay more of
public charges than the profits of the manufac-
turer or the wages of the labourer. If the ns'er-
tion that the land bears more of the fiscal bur.;
dens than manufactures, means any thing) 1

means that and nothing but that.
There is another aspect, indeed, under which
the burdens on our land are considered, narnelYi
in relation to the burdens borne by the land °
other countries. But there is no country of 11..
rope in which there are not more restrictions °II
cultivation than in our country, and in which 0.5
small a portion of the revenue of the State I
raised from the land. Whether we look, there;
fore, at the burdens borne by other branches 01
industry, or in relation to the burdens borne I/
the agricultural industry of other countries, there
does not exist the shadow of a reason for to
5i05

the bread of the people.
The wages of labour, to consider only the bill:
dens borne by the land in relation to other
sources of wealth, are settled between the farmer
and the labourer, and are temporarily
lated by the demand and the supply, under the
natural law that the farmer must, in order to have
the services of labourers, pay each one enough
to feed himself and rear up the number of is:
bourers required. Again, the rent of land
'
determined by a bargain between the tenant and
the landowner, the latter getting all he can, all
the former giving no more than what remains °f
the produce after he has paid all his expenses'
includipg the repairs of all his wear and tear,
and replacing all his sold or used stock, and lirs
eluding- his own wages and the profit of 111,
o
capital. None of the produce of the farmer, wit'
the exception of hops, is subject to a direct ts:
in his hands, and, with the exception of malt ali„
cyder, to a direct tax shortly after it has left M. 73
hands. But all those taxes ultimately are paw-
by the consumer, and it is only as they °Peril°
to diminish the consumption of the articles
grown by the farmer, that they diminish his re;
ceipts a farthing, or impose on him the smalle
burden whatever. The payment of wages, the
expense of cultivation, the profits of the farnler'.
are all necessary charges arising out of the nattlro
h.
of things, not imposed by the State; and/ `vit
the trifling exception of hops and malt, tile State,
does not impose a single burden on agrictatnts:
produce, which can in the smallest degree' di°ll;
nish the profit of the farmer or the rent of
landowner. We make this assertion absorotelf
and not relatively to the burdens borne by nrtlnce
facturers, which, as our readers may at `A/1,,.
infer from what we have said of malting/
tilling, and brewing, are enormous, and ill 6°lll

cases unbearable.
These statements may be confirmed bY
erlance at public taxation. The Customs and
se duties, in 1837, amounted to 36,335,6711"
of which the tax on malt and hop:,
5,596,7741. These taxes, however, as we bal'
said, are paid by the consumer, and on lY
rectly affect the aviculturist by dimin.,shing,
the demand for his produce. The amount °L
stamps, in 1837, was 7,265,123/., of which the'
legacy duties, not paid by the owners of rent/,
was 2,185,890/. The Assessed Taxes togethef
amounted only to 3,890,1461., and of that sum thc
land taxes amounted only to 1,19'2,638/., or ver )r
dattest,
little more than one half of the legacy
from which the landowners are exempted. 1:11,e'
3'
whole amount of the revenue was 50,592,6 d
From the fact, that of this whole sum on°llly
1,192,638/. falls exlusively on rent, while it
tributes no part of '2,185,890/. paid by the leg,,,
cac),
duties; and from the act, that the great bulk of.

EVENING SUN

e
I
e

au-mis levied on articles imported, or worked
11P for consumption ; that the landowners only
1/ItYlill proportion to their consumption or enjoy-
Illent, like the rest of the community, and are
not subjected, as landowners, to any burden
fa"l which others are exempted,—from these
et's, it is plain that the complaint of the land
being heavily and exclusively taxed by the State,
L' wholly unwarranted.
But the local burdens, what of them ? The
State undoubtedly makes the receivers of rent
and profit, though very scantily, support tho3e
i..
sickness and age who produce all their wealth,
lid as they produce it, are allowed to receive
but a very small part of it. But it is a complaint
ot
the great advocate of the rent-owners, that
ti
leY support their labourers much too scurvily,
(4(1 that instead of being relieved from any part
the burden of poor-rates, it ought to be in-
ereued.

A, gain, the State imposes on landowners
an' °eel-Viers, the burden of keeping up high-
I,aYs) but no persons profit by them so much as
theo't;;is
tgl,iculturists. The landlords are well aware
and last Session renewed an Act to apply
roads,
highway-rates to the keeping up of turnpike
or extend the taxation, because it is for
their advantage. The State, too, compels the
_.
eulturists to provide prisons for their critni-
: s'and generally to pay the expense of a pre-
vt4litive police. Highway-rates, poor-rates, and
e untY-rates; however, so far as the amount is
'heerned, are all self-imposed. The Vestries,
Guardians of the Poor, Justices in Session, &c.,
riteterinine the amount of highway-rates, poor-
eltes) and county-rates, and not a small portion
all of them has been wasted by the unscrupu-
,i,,llB jobbing of the parties imposing them. Ma-
tra _
tes have built for their amusement spacious
poal
4ees) and. culled them prisons ; they have
instructed splendid bastiles, and made fine
roads, sometimes for their own convenience ; but
however all these circumstances may be, the
by
that the amount of these taxes is determined
by
themselves, and depends on their manage-
ellt, takes from them every pretext for corn-
pithailling' of the State, or for taxing the food of
I,e People.
dent is the surplus which the farmer gives
the
landowner, after paying all his expenses,
p 4-40 doubt, rent would be higher were his ex-
benses less; but the proportion of them caused
i\a' the State is almost inconceivably small com-
Ihred ahe expense of wages, seed-corn, &c.
e. chief cause:of his expenses is much enhanced,
hinthellrice °fall articles consumed and used by
:84111And labourers,, by the laws which
raise
the price, not for the benefit of the State,
buland-
lords', t,
r:,l7benefit of the landlords. The land-
in fact, leaves less for rent than there
w uald be were. theri' lio such tax ; and not only
o: restrictions onagricultural industry, but taxes
ioricultural produce, imposed by the land-
r dutP to a recent period the tithes, being a de-
etien from the crop, were properly included
in the expenses of the farmer ; now they are
itbs
ehatr- eted from the landlord's rent. By the
of nge a great increase was made in the value
the land, which the landowners promoted
for
, their own exclusive benefit. Whatever
itoi tiY be the amount of the tithe rent-charge,
part belonged to the landowner. It was a
law.tc,°t.tlie Property of the cultivator, which the
°k from him. The landlords have no right
to it
whatevei; and the same law which secures
hint in Possession of his estate, secures the
tith
s"°vvner.in possession of his rent-charge. It
(2. forms no part of the cost of production ; it
w4properly fixed on the surplus produce, or
tellt; and however that may be divided by the
idle
landlord and the worse than idle priest, is
°I little consequence to the community, though
it affords us no reason whatever for levying a tax
()lithe bread of the people.
If tithes be considered a burden on land which
i
dliStifieS the Corn-law, the latter ought to be so
I,,e7lstructed as to give relief only to that land
pays tithes, and. land tithe-free--one-
A-111rd' of England—has not the least claim.
th'reover, when the tithes are in the hands of
ea landowners, when they are both tithelords
iall:',landlords, as they are on nearly half the
oftiu of England, they have not the least shadow
a Pretext to levy a Corn-tax, because tithes
thet a burden on rent. We know very well that
e Produce of tithe-free land, and of land Of
which(l6,; the tithes belong to the owner, cannot be
but from other produce in the market;
of On the principle laid down by the landlords,
ti compensating those who are burdened, jus-
Ce requires that it should be, and. that it can-
be is the condemnation of the pretext on
Which they tax the people.
411,4 considering this question, however, we
titist not forget Scotland, where there are no
les, hardly any poor-rates, and the smallest
c'ssihle amount of highway-rates. Why should
thethe owners of land in Scotland, not subject to
burdens, be equally protected with the
lanotiT'owners of England? Justice requires that
the latter should be protected.: the Corn-
lawe°nfers as great a protection on the rent-
.iers of Scotland as those of England. What
abe said, too, of Ireland, where the tithes do
l amount to one-fourth of the tithes of Eng-
..od?

lnded property in Ireland," says Mr. M'Culloch,
PlacedVerS under what would be considered in England
laicci.advantageous circumstances. There is neither
tax nor poor's-rate to pay ; the landlord,
.as.has
or ret,en, rarely lays out a sixpence on tarp-buildings
is frer`tirS ; even the agent, instead of receiving a salary,
fees puently allowed to indemnify himself by extorting
r'nn the tenants ;so that the rent-roll, and the free
are identical."—Statistics, vol. i., p. 549.
If the landlords and the Legislature meant, as
they
and their partizans assert, to do justice,
they Would, on their own principles, only give
all
advantage to the land of England which is
tqlb ected to the payment of tithes to the priest-
h J
();,)°(1) and would not have given it to the land
Scotland or Ireland ; but they give it to all
the Soil of the empire, and thereby show that
theyr do not pay the least regard to justice. In
ket, the whole of the assertions that the land is
44bject to exclusive burdens is a mere pretext for
Plundering the people.
But supposing that all which is said were true,
supposing it were ascertained that the land
Were taxed to the extent of five shillings or six
shillings per quarter more than manufactures,
there would still remain two powerful reasons
Why that would be no justification of Corn-
la
1"- First, the landlords have the power of
legislation in their hands, and have imposed
these burdens on themselves. Let them take them
°•hi Secondly, the comparison is between land and
manufactures--between rent and profit; and to
'inalize the burden profit alone ought to be
taxed. The tax on corn, however, does not fall
exclusively on profits, it falls mainly on wages ;
and the landlords equalize themselves to
the Manufacturers by plundering all the eaters
of
bread. Such a proceeding is monstrous in
Practice, and it is still more monstrous in theory,
but it is all of a piece with the conduct of the
landlords.n Our conclusion is that the land is
subjected to no exclusive burdens, and that, if it
e, the remedy for the inequality is the remo-
u.otni the injustice from the land, not the inflic-
tit'n of a much greater injustice on the bulk of
the People.

130 Dy or A SUSPECTED MURDERER FOUND.
°ll Sunday morning last, the body of a man was
ashed ashore at Rockport, supposed to be that of the
Person who lately leaped overboard from the Aurora
Glam. er, in Belfast Lough, while on her passage from
4sgelv. The flesh of the face, and of the entire skull,
`tits well as both hands, had been stripped off by the mon-
sters of the deep, so that identification by the features
of
the countenance was impossible. The deceased was
nssed in a white fustain jacket, with mother-of-pearl
surons, white fustain trousers, and black cravat. Ilis
cars were old and patched. In his pockets were s,,:ve-
jets for gas-burners, small pliers, and other articles
used in as-fitting, together with the copy of a song,
.apparently cut out of a newspaper. From the sinewy
,_tPaPearance of the limbs, it is though the suicide cannot
v been more than 30 years of age ; and it is further
conjectured that his name was Hume, and that ho was
byto the commission of the act of self-destruction
Y the fear of apprehension on a charge of being con-
e 111 the murder of a hatter, at Glasgow.—BeUitst
fag.