The Sun.
London, England, 1848-02-01 00:00:00

length to the manner in which confirmations of this have we had a specimen of a kindred arrange-
bishops had taken place prior to the Reformation, and naent in the Nagpore state, under Sir Richard Jen-
!ince, and concluded a most learned and elaborate kins, though a less brilliant example than the Pun-
j by stating his opinion to be—on opinion , , •
jauo, of what may in this way be done, ought to
which he confessed he had come to not without con-
have been sl;.ffieient for our instruction and guidance.
s.iderable doubt and difficulty—that the rule for agues-
damus ought to be made absolute. The L'unoor expedition is threading its way
Mr. Justice PATTNSON then delivered his judg- through the passes ; it has hitherto met with no ob-
ment at considerable length. He was clearly of struction save those physical obstacles present, and it
opinion that the confirmation of a bishop by the is not supposed it will meet with any. The Seikh
archbishop was a judicial and not a ministerial act, ,
soldiers have behaved themselves admirably ; their
and that such being the case the opposition to the
consecration of the bishop ought to have been heard. discipline has astonished our officers, considering the
He was, therefore, of opinion that the rule for the recency of their organisation. They are a fine, high-
mandamus ought to be granted. spirited, martial people, hardy, bold, brave, and
Lord DENMAN then delivered his judgment at con- temperate.
siderable length, and after indignantly and eloquently
It is said that the Dooel Moolraj is anxious to place
expressing his surprise at the attacks that had been
ootan more immediately under our wing; in fact,
made in the course of the arguments upon Archbishop
I
Cranmer, and going at great length into the Acts of in place of there being any aversion to an English
Parliament that governed the case, stated his opi- administration, such as that of the Punjaub, the like-
nion clearly to be that the rule nisi that had been ob- ihood is that it will become the envy of the adjoining
tained for a mandamus ought to be discharged, states. The hereditary institutions, and all their
considering that if the Court adopted any other course
' eationality is spared to them ; it is, in fact, the native
they would be giving encouragement to those then-
custom in fashion and appearance, made of English
logical animosities which he lamented to see existing
in the Church. His clear opinion was that tke rule naterials, such as you see every day everywhere
ought to be discharged. around on the identical man.
The result is, that two judges are in favour of Smallpox has broken out in Scinde, and is commit-
making the rule absolute, Mr. Justice Coleridge and ring sad ravages, otherwise the country is healthy.
Mr. Justice Patteson ; while Lord Denman and Mr.
The Commissioner is proceeding meanwhile very
Justice Erie are of opinion it should be discharged.
Their Lordships were three hours and forty minutes pietly with his arrangements, probably avoiding to
delivering their judgments. make any such sudden attack as to give offence or
create alarm ; he is preparing to have the whole of
the old system overturned. Depend upon it, if you
are to have India well governed, it must be so
through the ability of men familiar with the country
and intimate with the htellits and usages of the natives.
Mr. Clarke and his councillors, Mr. Pringle and
his assistants, have made the country and its inha-
bitants their study for half a century, and no men are
more likely to arrange matters discreetly, durably,
end wisely in the new province than they.

OVERLAND MAIL

INDIA.
(From the Herald.)
An Extraordinary Express has brought us letters
and papers from India, in advance of the Overland
Mail, with dates from Bombay of January 1 ; Cal-
cutta, December 21 ; and Delhi, December 20.
Nothing later from China. Of course, cur first at-
tention is directed to the state of commercial
affairs at Calcutta; and here we are glad
to find that the worst is believed to have
passed. Rumours, it is true, were rife as to the-
, suspension of three or four additional firms ; but
only two were known to have succumbed to the
pressure of the times, viz., Messrs. Colville, Gilmore,
and Co. ; and B. T. Ford and Co. Disastrous and
wide-spread as have been the effects in Calcutta,
arising out of the late failures in England, they are
not so extensive as was at first contemplated would
be the case. Trade of necessity is paralysed, and
matters look gloomily enough ; but we confess we
were prepared for more ruinous consequences than
have yet occurred, or are likely to occur, from the
pastaspect of things. In Bombay, too, we are grati-
fied to learn that no further failures have taken place ;
and though trade is dull, there is an improvement in
the markets, which may be considered remarkable
facts at a time like this. We say, therefore, that the
commercial intelligence from these two Presidencies
is not so bad as we apprehended it would have proved ;
but, on the contrary, matters are looking somewhat
upward, which we are inclined to anticipate will be
more deoldedly apparent on the arrival of the next
mail.

MILITARY INTELLIGENCE.

Casualties by death in the armies of India, reported
since the departure of the mail of lath Dec. :
Her Majesty's Troops—Lieut. G. L. Woodd, 86th
Regiment, at Bombay, on the 22d Dec., Lieutenant
U. C. Cardew, 94th Regiment, at sea, on board the
Mary Ann, on his way home—date not given.
Bombay—Lieutenant C. F. Tolfray, 4th Rifles, at
Kurrachee, on the 7th December. Major G. St. B.
Browne, 7th Regiment at Kotree, Sinde, on the 7t'a
December.

Madras—Ensign J. A. Wright, 39th Regiment,
at Coimbatore, on the Ist December, Captain J.
Clifton, commanding 7th Nizam's infantry, at Ellich.
pore, on the 20th Dec.
Bengal—Captain J. Sibbley, .54th Regt., at Mus.
soorie, on the 9th Dec.
THE BOMBAY MARKET.
(From the 15th to the 31st December.)
The tone of our markets is much the same as at
the date of our last, that for imports being in a
healthy state, though somewhat more quiet than it
was, whilst the export one continues depressed, and
in the accounts to hand on the 28th instant per Over-
land Mail, we see nothing to change the relative
position of either.
Money, though somewhat scarce, is much less so
than is usually the case at this season, or was ex-
pected, but the Bank of Bombay has deemed it re-
quisite to raise its rates of discount, &c., one per cent.
since last mail.

Of political news, we have nothing of particular
importance. Of the little war in Oude, and of the
trifling insurrection at Goomson, nothing need be said,
for they are altogether too insignificant for notice,
Of the vast empire of India, it may be said, all is
tranquillity and peace ; thanks to the wisdom,
firmness, and moderation of the noble and gallant
Hardinge. That venerable warrior has accom-
plished this arduous mission, and now re-
turns to his country and his home, amidst shouts of
congratulation and the respect of the scattered mil-
lions, who have reason to bless the hour when the
government of India was entrusted to his care. The
Noble Lord reached Calcutta on the 11th of Decem-
ber, where he would remain until the arrival of Lord
Dalhousie, which was shortly expected.
FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.)
BOMBAY, JAN. 1, 1848.
.A. dispatch was last night received from the resi-
dent at Baroda, intimating the demise of his High-
ness the Guicower, who had been long dangerously
ill. His Highness leaves seven sons, the eldest of
whom will succeed him.
The most 'pleasing item of intelligence I can this
mail give you is that of the improvement in the
state of our markets, which though not very consi-
derable,
has occurred in the face of the unhappy
news from home. No more bankruptcies have oc•
curred amongst us, and none are apprehended as in
prospect, Trade is dull, but money somewhat less
scarce than it usually is at this season of the year.
The Governor- General arrived at Calcutta on the
12th ult., and net a most cordial welcome from the
inhabitants. He has been just two years and two
months absent from the capital ; in this time our
foreign relations or policy and our principles of
action have been revolutionised. A deputation of
the inhabitants waited on him on his arrival to pre-
sent him with on address. It contained a hearty
welcome and warm eulogy on his conduct during
his absence. The reply or his lordship is a
model in its way—short and to the point, full of
sound sense and right feeling. He states that our
ormies are now sufficient in strength to protect
12,000 miles of frontier, from the Himalayas to Cape
Comorin ; that all the enemies on our borders have
been subdued, and that the career of peace improve-
ment now fairly commenced, he hopes to see perse-
vered in--internal intercourse promoted—arts, in-
dustry, and education protected and fostered. A meet-
ing has been summoned to take into consideration the
importance of erecting a monument to his Lordship,and
I have no doubt such a memorial will be got up
as India never witnessed the like before. At Bom-
bay it is hoped the fruits of the subscription will
be devoted to the establishment of a school of
industry, to be called the Hardinge Institution,
No more appropriate monument to one who has
given peace to India could be erected, than one
devoted to instruction in the arts of peace. Our
railways will immediately require some such semi-
nary; they will never be worked with advantage
till they are so by the children of the soil, and never
can these be resorted to until well and carefully in-
structed.
Lord Dalhousie is about this time at Madras. He
will not be at Calcutta for ten or twelve days to
come. The administration of Lord Hardinge will
open on us a new era ht India, and give a new tone
and character to the Government of England in the
East.

Cotton Piece Goods—We have had a further sup-
ply of these fabrics by the arrival of some vessels in
the early part of the fortnight, and which, added to
what were received towards the close of the first
half of the month, appears to have supplied the
demand for the present, and the market has
therefore been in a much less active state
during the last ten days than it was pre-
viously; prices, however, are without change,
except for shirting in the grey, of which large
sales have been made, at, in some instances,
a slight concession in price. Maddapolane, long
cloth, and coarse domestic, are the descriptions that
have continued to enjoy an advantage in demand,
and prices of which, with those for jacconet in the
grey, are well supported. In bleached goods, Mad•
dapolam of low quality (thirty-one inches) has been a
good deal inquired for, and jacconet up to middling
quality has been in some request, but all other kinds
are neglected. Fancy goods—Orange pine dresses, as
well as zebra, are in good demand, especially the
former, which are scarce; as also book muslin up
to medium quality, and dyed mulls. Grey mulls are
also' inquired for, as well as bleached up to middling
uaiity, but lappets of all kinds are dull of sale.
Turkey red dyed plain cloth, for which prices had en
upward tendency at the date of our last, has again
receded in value, owing to some rather large sales at
a lower figure. Twilled continues in good demand,
as also are mulls, both of which are scarce. Prints in
this dye are very dull of sale.
Cotton yarn, in the grey, has been more inquired
for since our last, and some large sales of mule have
been effected at rather lower prices for inferior, but
full ones for the better qualities. Of water there
have also been some sales, and such of both as kayo
come to our knowledge are undernoted. Orange and
the best quality of Turkey red continue in demand,
but inferior of the latter is quite neglected.
Mule-160 hales 3001 b. each (20.80ths 30•80ths
7i) 40 50 60 70 80 90 100; 150 do. do. 7 74 82;
141 co. do., 61 771 ; 550 do. do., 74 7i 910 10}
124 14} 16 ; 100 do. do., 6i 7 74.
Water-150 bales 3001 b. each, 74 7 9 ; 80 ditto
ditto, 7 74 Bi.
Woollens—For save list cloth there is some little
inquiry, but the prices offered are still low and we
hear of no transactions. Flannel is neglected.
Metals—Swedish bar iron continues in demand,
as does also British. In the latter a sale of a cur-
rent assortment has been made at a full price,
but much highar would be given for one
consisting of square and round only. Of
nail rod, sheet, and hoop iron, some sales have been
effected as noted below, the prices obtained for
square nail rod and hoop being something under our
last quotation.— Copper continues steady, and several
sales.of braziers' have been made at our quotations,
with one of South American of very inferior quality
—the latter just before the departure of the last mail.
—Spelter as well as steel has further receded in va-
lue, as will he seen by our report of sales, but the
quality of the latter sold is said to be inferior.—la
lead or tin plates no transactions reported, and prices
are unchanged.
Iron-1,300 candies British bar, at 39/rs.; 120
ditto ditto square nail rod, 431 rs. ; 1,120 ditto ditto
ditto, 43rs. ; 1,000 bundles ditto round ditto, 46irs.
per candy; 600 ditto ditto sheet, Vars.; 600 ditto
hoop, 6urs. per cwt.
Copper-600 cwt. braziers', at 62irs.; 200 ditto
ditto, Pars.; 200 ditto ditto, 62irs.; 765 ditto
South American ingot, 34rs. per cwt.
Spelter-400 cwt. at 1 lira. per owt.; 150 cwt. at
lira. ; 1,475 cwt. at llrs.
Steel-150 cwt. tub and 950 cwt. faggot at Brs.
per cwt.
Cochineal continues scarce, and a small import
since our last sold readily at our extreme quotation,
whilst a sale of 8,700 lbs. to arrive has been effected

at 4lrs. per lb.
Saffron has improved in demand and value, two
parcels having sold in the fortnight at 14rs. per lb.
for 2001 b., and 14,1r5. for 175, both of good quality,
with 1001 b. of rather inferior at Urs. per lb.
Beer in cask is wanted, but none to be had.
A recent import of English bottled Allsop, by
Barclay and Friend, has sold readily at 6s. per
dozen, the quality being a great improvement upon
what has been coining forward for a long time past.
Spirits—Owing to a recent import of a rather large
quantity from Bordeaux direct, the price of brandy
has given way materially, rs 3 per gallon being the
present rate, and at which 210 hhds. have been dis•
posed of. Of gin we have heard of no sales.
EXPORTS.

The Government of India have resolved to allow
10,000/. a year for some years to come, to be
bestowed on experiments on the cultivation of tea
on the banks of the 13eas, in our newly-acquired
Seikh dominions, and in Simla districts. The
country here is from 3,000 to 4,000 feet above the
level of the sea, having valleys from sixty to eighty
miles from one extremity to the other, and from two
to three across, sweeping along the banks of the
rivers. They are divided from each other by irLain-
tain ridges of moderate elevation—increasing in alti-
tude towards the north, where they approach the
higher Himalayas. The best of these are at pre•
sent covered thick with snow. The climate is healthy
and delightful, villages are already springing up in
all directions. Sir J. Davis has been directed to pro-
cure a supply of seed, and to send from the first tea
gardens in China some of the best cultivators that
can be found. At present the people in the north-
west provinces, to whom tea is the greatest of
luxuries, are supplied with it from across the fron-
tier ; it is enormously dear and bad inAuality, and
gets deteriorated on the way.
Major Napier has taken up his appointment, and
commenced operations as superintendent of roads and
canals in the Punjaub, on shich 30,0001. a-year is
for some time to come to be expended ; the Durbar
promising to allow 60,0001. so soon as the state of the
treasury will permit. European cultivation continues
to advance: turnips are now to be seen around Lahore.
I had a letter from Colonel Lawrence a fortnight
since, stating that tools and implements of the best
construction, with Seikli workmen, were either to
be sent down to Bombay to receive instruction in
the arts or Bombay tradesmen well instructed to be
sent to Lahore.
The Punjaub administration will be an example to
all India, not because of its being under our govern-
ment—for the Company's dominions in which no
progress has been made have been ours fur centuries
—but because we have a Native Government feeling
their own independence and responsibilities, but only
on the suggestion of English councilors. Once before

Cotton Wool—The accounts from home, as well
AS those last received from China, continuing to
be most unfavourable fur this staple, prices
have further given way since our last, and the
market has still a dull and; declining appearance.
At one time during the fortnight there was a strong
inclination to an increase of business, but since the
arrival of the China (26th) and Overland Mails
(28th instant) transactions seem to have been put
stop to, the undernotei puTchises having b..en made
previous thereto. Several small parcels of cotton
from Dharwar, the proluce of American seed, have
arrived in he last fortnight, and the same is selling
at 112 rs. to 115 rs. per candy ; the quality is inferior to
that sold by Government in the early part of the year,
and the prices quoted are therefore, under preterit
circumstances, high ones. Other parcels are known
to be on the way to this port, and for the future no
doubt our market will be regularly supplied with it.
Purchases-600 candies Cumpta, at rs. 82 ; 300
candies Mangalore rs. 80 to 81 ; 500 bales Dollere,
re. 794-; 4,200 bales Broach, of the new crop, to ar•
rive, rs. 90 per candy.
Sheets' Wool—The market has been dull, and
very small quantity has changed hands, purchasers of
such being chiefly native shippers.
Opium—About 250 chests of new have arrived,
the quality of which is favourably repeated on, and.
for which 950 rs. per chest is asked; but as yet no•
thing has been done in it; nor have we hoard of Any
transactions i❑ old, prices of which are nominal.
TONNAGE.

The rate of freight to Great Britain is much the
carne now as last reported, what few transactions have
had effect in the interim having been done at
31. 12s. 6d., at 31. Iss. for Liverpool, and 31 155... to
41. for London, and under 3/. 15s. tonnage is note to
be had for either port to-day, For China, a ?vile'