The Sun.
London, England, 1848-10-20 00:00:00

THE SUN,

Ditto Extension 5 per ct... 20
Do. Guaranteed 514 per ct. 5 .....
Do. do. Waveney Valley... 2
NorthernTounties Unien ... 4
N.orth British
Ditto Half 5hare5........... 121,4 — ..... to

to

Do. Quarters: 6i-4 — to
Ditto. Extension
'8
Ditto Thirds .... ........ —.... 8!4 ...... 3% to
North and South-Western... 2 .. .. ..
North Staffordshire-- ...... 15 ...... 7
North Wales

forth Western
10 - to
>xtord, Worcester, and Wol-
verhampton .......... 50
?cading, Guildtd., & Reigate 10
Zoyston and Hitchin ..... 2 ...... t('

Scottish Central . ..... 25 .
icottish Midland .... ....... —.. 25
Ditto, New.. 17% —
4heflield, Rotherham, and
Goole

... 7% ..... - to
Do. do. (South Div.) 5 ..... • to
hrewsbury and Birmingkara 9 -
Ditto. ditto, Class B. 5
Shrewsbury and Hereford .. 2
ihrewsbury and Chester
( Nor. W. Min.)
Ditto Halves, Ditto... 8 ... - . ... to
Ditto, Uswestry
Ditto .New) 1 - ..... to --
Ditto 8 per Cent. Pref.-- 10 —
Shropshire Union 4 ... .. 1,4 to
South Devon
Ditto, Preference
South Staflordshire ... 5% — .. .. to --
'outh Eastern
Ditto, No. l. 24
Ditto, No. 2.
Ditto,;No. 3. 25
Ditto New, No. 4. Thirds 10 -
South Wales
South Yorkshire, Doncaster
Swans. and
an
Gooled 5
Loughor and Ca- ...
meron's Stm. Coal ...... ... . 6 - -
raw Vale Extension
Thames Haven Dock and
vvValalteaeiriolwforNadye 17% --to
andath Kilkenny 147% to
Waterford and Limerick..... 45 ... ..
Waterford, Wexford,Wreklw,
and Dublin
Wear Valley 6 per Cent.
Guaranteed
Do. do. do.
Do. do. do. ......
West Cornwall
West London..
Ditto, First Class .. 20
Ditto, Second Class 2O ......
Whitehaven and Furness lB ..... •-• ..... to --
Windsor, Staines, and South
Western 9% — ...... to
Wilts,Somerset,&Weymouth 40
York, Newcastle, and 13erwick 25 ..
Do. Original New & Ber'ck 25
Do. Exton. No.l (Y. & N.) 15
Do. do. No. 2, New &B. 15 IOWA to 10
Do. G. N. E. Pur. or Pref. 8 - to 4!of
York and North Midland .. 50
Ditto, Preference
Ditto East and West Riding
Extension
FOREIGN RAILWAYS.
Anglo Italian (late Italian
and Austrian
Boulogne and:Amiens 2O .....•
Central of France ( Orleans
and Vierzon) ...
Ceylon .......
Demerara. ..........- ........... 15 . ....
Dendro Valley
Direct Bombay and Madras ss. .... .
Dutch Rhenish 7% - ...... to --

East Indian
Great Indian Peninsular
Louvain ala Sambre ......... 71A/ — ...... to --.
Luxembourg
Madrid and Valentia
Namur and Liege 2O ......
Northern of France
Orleans and Bordeaux ... .. 7
Paris and Lyons
Do. Do.
Paris and Orleans... 2O
Paris and Rouen
Paris & Strasbourg ..... ..... 9 -
Rouen and Havre 2O -
Sambre and Meuse
Strasburg and Bale ..... ...... 14
. .... to
Tours & Nantes ... ...... .. 9
.. •••••• tO Imo
Tournay, Jurbise, Landon, _ _

and Hasselt
West Flanders 8 -
JOINT STOCK BANKS.

Australasia
British North American .... 50
Colonial - . -to
Commercial of London
* . ***
20 .....
..... to
....
London Joint Stock lO ..... --
London and Westminster... 20
National Provincial of Engld. 85 ...... --
° --
Ditto, New
....
.1.
to
National of Ireland 22%.. —
_..
.. to
Provincial of Ireland
...... .. ... to
Ditto, New lO
Unien of Australia 25 • ..... ..... to
Ditto, New
Union of London ....... . ...... 10
Union of Madrid

MINES.
Anglo Eexican lOO ...... ...... to --
Asturian Mining Company 13 ......
Australian
Blaenarvon Iron and Coal
Bolalios Scrip
British Iron
Brazilian Imperial ..... .. ... 241%.....
Ditto Cocaei and Cuiaba... SO
Ditto St. John Del Rey ... 15
Cobre Copper
General Mining -.. ......... ... 20
Real del Monte. Unregistered .... .. ... to
Do. Black Debentures
Do. Red Debentures ..... ....
Santiago de Cuba. lO — —.. to
United Mexican ....... 2Bl-4 — ... .. to

LLOYD'S SHIPPING-(THIS DAY.)

LONDON, OCT. 20.—Wind N.N.W., moderate brecz©
and dull weather.

LIVERPOOL, OCT. 19.—Arrd. Flora, Maitland, Prince
Edward's Island. 18. Sid. Industry, Senegal; Henry
Alexander, New Orleans; Caledonia, ditto; Liscard,
ditto; Laidman's St. Thomas. 19, Doucel Davie,
Mauritius; Charles Chaloner, New Orleans; Eu Whit-
ney, Boston. Off port, Blarney steamer.
DEAL, OCT. 19.—Arrd. from the river and sld., Ar-
cad isn, Yarmouth, Nova Scotia.
CROOKHAVEN, OtT 16.—Arrd. Visits, Richibucto, for
Cork, carried away deck load &c.
CORK, OCT. 17.—Arrd. Collingwood, Havannah.
PLYMOUTH, OCT. 19.—Wind N.N,E.—Arrd. Bra-
zilian, Power, Pernambuco, for Antwerp; Elizabeth,
Midwinter, Grenada.
SWANSEA, OCT. 18.—S1d. Sunbeam, Cuba; Sir L.
Goldsmith, Cuba.
WEYMOUTH, OCT. 19.—The Hebe, Atwool, from
Neath to Portland, and the Caroline, Atwool, of Ply-
mouth, from Sheerness to Portland, have both been
driven on shore in these roads during a gale from
N.N.E. ; both are damaged, but are expected off in a
tide or two.

ILFRACOMBE, OCT. 19.—The Aurora, Lewis, from
Cardiff, put in hero yesterday, having sprung a leak off
Hangman Hill, and filled soon after, and today she
b( came a total wreck ; crew and part of her materials
saved. It has blown a gale here all night from N.
to N.E.

RIIYLE, OCT. 19.—The Downshire, Willigan, of
Belfast, ford Liverpool, has been abandoned under
Abergile ; crew saved. She had previously sprung a
leak at sea, and is in a very bad state.
HULL, OCT. 19.—1 t blew excessively heavy during
the whole of last night from N.E. to N.N.E., but is now
more moderate.

CROMER, OCT. 19.—The stern-board of a vessel,
marked " Leipzig," has been washed on shore near
Steringham. It is feared that some vessel has been
lost off this coast during the late N.E. gales.

PEACE CONGRESS.—We understand that arrange-
ments are in progress for holding a great meeting of the
Peacer t, t oEx
Congresse receivet er -h Exeter-hall, l l ,
the
recently on Tue
presidentshd
eal yd
andevening,at,Brus-
sels, c
e
peace,ctt
ho e
a
who are expected to meet in London for the pur-
pose of presenting the address voted at that
Congress to
the Governments of Europe and America. The address
will be presented by these gentlemen to Lord John Rus-
sell as the head of the British Government. Similar
meetings in Birmingham and Manchester will follow the
one in London, and it is expected that the deputation
will afterwards proceed to Paris and Frankfort for the
same purpose. The names of the gentlemen forming the
deputation ace M. Visschers, Councillor to the Belgian
Government; M. F. Bouvet, member of the French Na-
tional Assembly; Le Baron Swingar, of Holland; Mr.
Elihu Burritt, of the United States; and Mr. W. Ewart,
M.P., for England.
NATIONAL PIIILANTIIROTIC INSTITUTION, ST.
GEORGE'S-IN-THE-FIELDS.--Yesterday a meeting of the
managing committee of this society, for the reformation
of criminal and vagrant children, was held at the institu-
tion, to consider the proposition for the purchase of a
portion of the society's ground on building leases—the
Right Hon. W. E. Gladstone, M.P., the treasurer, in
the chair. It appears that a street from the London-
road to the St. George's-road, which would open a
direct communication between the former and Kenning-
ton, has long been contemplated by different parties in
the neighbourhood, so that there were several offers for
the ground in question ; and the most advantageous
having been decided on, thanks were voted to Mr. R. L.
Jones for his advice as to the most judicious disposal of
the property. A plan of the model farm school, the ground
for which has been recently purchased at Barnet, and
to which the institution will shortly be removed, were
circulated at ,the meeting, and from an accompany.
ing statement, it appeared that the system adopted at
Mettrai, and other parts of the continent where kindred
institutions existed, could be introduced there, the in-
mates being divided into families of about forty or fifty
each, and instructed by a master and his wife, who
would be in constant association with thew. One 01
these families is to form a sort of probationary class, in
which the boy will be placed on his admission into the
institution, and where he will be under the constant su-
perintendence
'of the chaplain, who will from time to
time report those boys whom he may consider fitted
for removal to another family. Emigration to the Bri-
tish colonies being the chief means proposed by the
society for the ultimate provision of the boys, the in-
struction will be confined to reading, writing, arithmetic,
and those arts which will best qualify,them for their in-
tended destination. A committee, consisting of the
Marquis of Westminster, the Earl of Harrowby, and
other gentlemen distinguished for their philanthropy,
has been specially appointed to superintend the exacu-
t Sion of this plan.

COMMENTARIES ON THE LAWS OF ENG-
LAND. By Henry John Stephen, Esq., Sergeant-at
Law. Second Edition. Prepared for the Press
by James Stephen, Esq., Barrister .at Law.
Diffidence is not in general the characteristic of
those who assume the functions of literary criticism,
but we will confess that we approached the gigantic
work before us with some misgivings—we felt that a
new treatise, as we may fairly call this, on the all-
important subject of the laws of England—a subject
affecting the property, liberty, and life, of all over
whom the British sceptre holds sway, was not to be
slurred over eurrente calamo. We felt that although,
in some particulars, we might venture to review a
legal work, even of this magnitude, that the diurnal
occupations of the editorial chair might not afford
sufficient leisure to do justice either to the subject,
the author, or to ourselves. These feelings were not
diminished when we looked into the work itself, and
made ourselves conversant with the bold design of the
daring and adventurous author—when we beheld
alterations unscrupulously introduced into the text of
that graceful and learned commentator, whose
unrivalled labours form the groundwork of this as of
all other recent commentaries on the laws of Eng-
land, and which will be read with delight and in-
struction as a model of pure English composition, so
long as that language remains the medium of com-
municating ideas. When we beheld the numerous
and wide deviations from the bright and profound
original, we did feel some solicitude lest the con-
cise and elegant author of one of our ablest text
books, " Stephen on Pleading," might have attempted
a task beyond even his faculties to accomplish, though
bringing with him the well-merited stamp of public
approbation as a most successful legal writer.
In most natures it is more agreeable to bestow praise
where merit points it due, than to point out defects
and inflict censure when stern justice demands it in the
exercise of the public censor's duty. The more
agreeable part devolves on us in the present in-
stance. After an attentive perusal of the volumes,
we find much to commend and but little to find
fault with. The present work differs from all former
commentaries in many important points; not only
in the general plan and design, but in the analytic ar-
rangements adopted by his predecessors. The Learned
Sergeant points out with much learning and clearness
the defects in the analysis of Hale as adopted by Black-
stone. He retains the main division of municipal law
into rights and wrongs, and the division of" wrongs"
into civil and criminal. But he entirely deviates
from the usual division of " rights," which hitherto
have been distributed into "the rights of persons"
and " the rights of things"—a form of expression
which the Learned Sergeant remarks " does not
elearly convey the intended meaning, and would be
more fitly expressed if divided into the rights re-
lating to persons and the rights relating to things,"
in accordance with the language of the institutes of
Justinian, " Omne jus quo utimur, vel ad personas
pertinet,yel ad res, vel ad actiones." We merely
notice this verbal critisism of the Learned Sergeant as
leading to a more grave and important deviation from
the usual order of his predecessors. In all former
commentaries not only the rights immediately affect-,
ing the persons, which are but two—namely, per-
sonal security and personal liberty—but the laws by-
which the person is affected in the social relations of
parent and child, husband and wife, &c., are fully
discussed before the question of property is examined;
but, in' the present work, the learned commentator
follows what appears to us the more natural order,
and immediately after the absolute rights of the per-
son—life, liberty, and security—he enters into the
consideration of the rights of property, and cor-
rectly, in our opinion, seeing that in considering the
relative rights arising from social relations, we must
presuppose property as well as the absolute ones of
life, liberty, and security. Thus, then, he has re-
solved the rights relating to the person into the fol-
lowing divisions :
First. Of personal rights, such as regard a man's
own person.
Second. Of rights of property, or such as regard
his dominion over the, external things by which he is
surrounded.

Thirdly. Of rights in private relations as a member
of a family.
Fourthly. Of public rights, such as regard bis
social condition as a member of the community.
Wrongs are divided in accordance with, the views
of Blackstone, into—

First. Civil injuries, when the violation of a right
merely affects an individual; and,
Secondly, Into causes, when it affects the commu-
nityat large. _ _ _

The laws relating to highways and turnpikes, and
those relating to the important subject of the Poor-
laws, are fully considered under their several heads
in natural order, and not incidentally referred to
as in Blackstone. We cannot close our first
and hurried notice of this great work without expres-
sing our unqualified approval of the many and great
improvements introduced, as well as the original
matter so beautifully interwoven with the text,
whence the first elements of legal lore are usually
imbibed by almost every legal student. We hope
speedily to return to the subject, and indicate some
of those important alterations which modern legisla-
tion rendered necessary, and which have been so
judiciously handled by the learned commentator.
The obvious improvement of presenting the text in a
continuous form, without the distraction of a continual
reference to supplemental notes, must be manifest to
every student, and deserves the highest commenda-
tion. Every lawyer must be familiar with the su-
perstructure. The concise and graceful style of the
Learned Sergeant is in every way worthy of the
solid and beautiful basis on which it ie erected, and
we shall indeed be gratified to behold the result of
this vast undertaking crowned with the success which
the close research and unwearied exertions of this
distinguished author so richly merit.

THE AURORA BOREALIS AT LIVERPOOL.—The
appearance of the aurora borealis in Liverpool and its
vicinity on Wednesday night caused considerable excite-
ment and curiosity to the inhabitants of that town, many
imagining from the deep and lurid red which these
lights at times exhibited that it was the refisction of
some distant fire; they covered the whole face of the
heavens, and from their singular and rapid movements
may well be designated the " merry dancers. Such
was the effect produced by them on the wires of the
oe electric ct threi cult ea leehgirnaeps ha al
tso
gto e
trheendr iernr
pt he
os
swo i
blrekfinorg
the of f t
thi e
me. needles
1 ACCIDENT TO THE CITY OF cANTE Rp yY
af-
rtl
of
STEAMER. CHATHAM, OCT. 19.--- Yeferday, at
steamer,
Captain Large, with about fifty passengers, b
past four o'clock, P.M., the City Canterbury
side the Sun Pier; at Chatham, with the loss
her paddle-boxes; she had left London at ten
o'clock,camote
oa n loeng o
-f
t the passengersda). b forew ystronge.
Me
r g
tAhJelwholewith
o t
and on her arrival off the Isle of Sheppy, owing to the
severe gales, and the heavy sea dashing over her, her
Thefro wind
the duringnorLh;
very at
starboard paddle-box was washed away. Captain Largede
wasla
ye
dvery n
dd ehsei rronuns
ht
sa t
vesselhi his pianstsoe nt
ng
oe r smsohnotunl do
fn
theot b
seed-
way, whence it was towed up to Chatham, and the pas
were landed
theyeda wndperroe enabledvide to proceed to mr.
dwithconveyancesato
stingersMaidst wonee, so h
gate the same night by the South-Eastern Railway. The
City of Canterbury left this morning at six o'clock,
shipwrights having been employed the whole night in
erecting a new paddle-box.
EARLY CLOSING MOTEMENT.—A public meeting,
convened by a committee of employers in all trades re-
sident in Shoreditch and its neighbourhood, was held at
the White Hart, Bishopagate-street, last night, for the
purpose of promoting the early closing of establishments
engaged in all descriptions of retail business. A con-
siderable
number of respectable shopkeepers of the dis-
trict attended on the occasion; Mr. Hopkins, master
draper, occupying the chair. Mr. Edward Deane,
grocer, moved the first resolution, as follows:—" That
this meeting is of opinion that while the late-
hour system is seriously injurious to assistants,
morally, intellectually, and physically, it is also op-
posed to the welfare of employers, increasing, as it
does, their expenses, without adding to their business,
and affording them little or no opportunity for family
intercourse, or other social recreations?' The motion
having been seconded by Mr. George Kerry,
draper, was carried unanimously. After several able
speeches had been delivered, indicating the rapid pro-
gress which the movement is now making in the estima-
tion of the public generally, and the great advantages
that have resulted to all parties from the adoption of the
shirt-hour system among the drapers, the subjoined re-
solution was next moved, and also carried unanimously :
—" That this meeting is of opinion that the following
regulations for closing shops generally in this district
ctthtadvantageehoeoampeutitabnrciksnieanrsgeoo
ft
monthsthoce
hal
chemists,
Lis
tapi
stdat
nineties ine
ebso :of
emei
lzro.
sa,c,rkef
and
on mdea
xt
cbt
eights,
tchi
butchers
tr,
sadhnao(ydiwitoet
are perfectly practicable, and would be attended with
ofy
n
Sep-
Srh eir
cipe
h
trades
take
caplatolleassrcionetgoh
nna sonhst oalouetnnsl dsrodtt thhaayeakrneevoe penv
nleeaincnhi egnosguo, s
hour
e,nhoherTno
mhu
closing
ropl
easr
itotnechgrea)enod;
tngewgxh
ost-
concluded with a vote of thanks to the chairman.

THE MORNING MAlM—Notice was issued yester-
day at the General Post-office that the following places
have been added to the list of post-towns to whioh let-
ters and newspapers are forwarded by the morning mail
trains, and those towns to which they have been &aeon-
tinued:—Blandford, Bodmin, Broadway, Camelford,
Chipping Norton, Edenbridge, Enstone, Evesham, Fal-
mouth, Fazeley, Harwich, Hilstone, Henley-on-Thames,
High Wycombe, Horsham, Kettering, Leatherhead,
Liskard, Losthuil, Mannington, Marlow, Magazion,
Moreton•in-Marsh, Oldham, Penryn, Penzance, Per-
shore, REdruth, St. Neot's, St. Austel, St. Columb,
Tenterdon, Tetbury, Truro, Winchfield, and Woodstock.
The following have been discontinued :—Bangor, Beau-
maris, Bilston, Carnarvon, Conway, Holyhead, Ho') -
well,
Mold, Pwllheli, Salisbury, Shiffnall, Shrewsbury.
St. Asaph, and Wednesbury. The letter-boxes at the
receiving-houses will be open till 7 A.M. for newspapers,
and 45 minutes past 7 A.M. for letters; and those at the
branch offices—Charing-cross, Old Cavendish-street,
the Borough, and Poplar—for newspapers until hulf-past
7 A.M., and for letters until A.M. At the General
Post-office, St. Martin's-le-Grand, and the branch-office
in Lombard-street, the bozos will be closed for LICIC8"