The Sun.
London, England, 1841-09-06 00:00:00

(qte,

LONDON:
MONDAY, sEvrEmßEit 6, 1841.

publish in another part of The Sun some
important Chinese State Papers, received
ny ;.lie Overland Mail, but too late for our
Aftcrnooa Edition of Saturday. The petition
of the unfortunate KESTIEN, addressed in
the Fnrm of a Report to the EMPEROR, and de,
ta;ling the state of the fortifications on
the Cannon River, will well repay
,the
trouble of an attentive perusal. KESHEN
,onquestionahly one of the ablest statesmen
;q China, and his loss will yet be severely felt
barbarian Monarch, by whose commands

4;• 11-. ls so ignominiously put to death. He was
'.tern► and educated at the Court of Pekin, where
use F :weeded.' all his contemporaries in an inti-

;Th acquaintance with all the affairs-of the inter-
' • dministration, civil and military, and ecclesi-
:•'Ll. He was of a. restless and intriguing, dispo-
• erA, and by constantly f2sreting out abuses,
-147.1.1. he set forth in memorials to be laid at the

of e EMPEROR, he made himself many

i!ov,':rft-,1 enemies. But his great talents and
c7itrao,:dinary sagacity rendered his enemies
powerless so long as .he was within ear-
shot. of the Court. It was only when at
a distance that he declined 'in the Impe-
rial favour, and previously to . his last fa-
tal tall he was several times fined, and
ever, publicly censured in.. the Pehia Gazette.
But he never failed indefend himself with abi-
lity, and in the ,end,with success; and as he was
a good General,. Ari able financier, without ever
baying 'served in these departments, his
counsels -were always of the greatest service
to the Government. As he saw from the
commencement of the quarrel with England that
the Cel'estials were no match in war for the con-
querors of India, he did all that he could to coon-
terixt the mischievously hostile policy Of his
rredecessor, the 1 igfi Connnissioner Liiv. Ap-
pointed to succeed. him, he tried to gain by nego-
cia tion what lie could not achieve by force ; but, u n-
fortunately tbr himself,.his moderate and saga-
,coos views were regarded at Pekin as the result
uf cowardice. The barbarian pride of the Em-
r,t- Bolt and the Court , was wounded; KEsii. EN
was denounced as a traitor, and LIN, with his
ether enemies, fearing the result of his appearance
I,efore the EMPEROR, procured the tracing of
the lines with the vermillion pencil, which
cieemed the ablest statesman in the Celestial
EraPirc to be cut asunder through the middle!

Many of the supporters of the late Cabinet are
the new Ministry a fair trial.
(..kliiTvogwe ed
ktioiolgiv
Ie
not,i except that Sir ROBERT PEE':
Iced the political compass so often that no
IpiaeL:ll-seems sure ai to the course ivhich he may
take upon the
Cora laws, or any other of the
;resit questions which 'now agitate the country.
But the slippery and unscrupulous Baronet is
ncitlier the Cabinet nor the uncontrollable direc-
tor of its councils. Notwithstanding his late
boast in the House of Commons, that he would
aiot suffer hitnself to be made the scape•goat of
the ultra-Tories, it requires little sagacity to pre-
dict, that surrounded and hedged in as he is by
such men as STANLEY and GRAHAM, and the
Duke of BUCKINGHAM, he will be compelled to
stand sponsor for any policy that they are unani-
mous in adopting. With the threat of the Duke
of RICHMOND ringing in his ears, that the party
who have given him'a majority will desert him if

i abandon the Corn-laws, it is idle to expect.
that Sir ROBERT PEEL will adopt the orilyitrue
eilicient remedy for the public distress, which
coutdsts in the repeal of all taxes upon the int-
lortation .of food. To divert public attention.. he'
will appoint a Committee of Inquiry, consisting,'
or course, of men enriched by the bread-tax
sc Mme variation will be made in the sliding scale ;
bflt. the people may depend upon it that nothing
be done which will be of the least benefit to
them. The object of the Tories and of PEEL to
'humbug them. The new Ministers, With awful
length &f face and solemnity of voice, will crave
time for consideration and inquiry , they will
deprecate. all precipitancy in matters closely.
v3ounected. with great national interests ;. but,
ess forced to it by some unexpected .pressure
witliont, they will do nothing to fill the

bellies of the hungry with cheap food. Whentnen
'are resolved to see difficulties in their way, and

to be impeded at every step by the Scruples of
a tender conscience, it is astonishing at how slow
a pace they will contrive to travel. The Tory
Cabinet is exactly in this position. The Tories
dare not avow their predilection for a retrograde
course, and to avoid as much as possible anything
like an onward movement they affect a wonder-
ful solicitude for a grave and deliberate exami-
nation, before
_stirring., of every object which the
most timid imagination could regard as an
obstacle. Of lip Sympathy for the people there
mill be no lack on the part of Tory statesmen,
but while there is a political agitator at whose
door to lay the blame of the misery of the peo-
ple, not a. syllable will be said about the im-
mense share the crimes and avarice of the landed
aristocracy have had in reducing them to the

ita.te of wretchedness in which we find them.
We have no confidence whatever in Sir
ROBERT PEEL. We have, if possible, still less
confidence in the men by whom he is sur-
rounded in the Cabinet. We never wholly
trusted the Whigs ; we wholly and absolutely
distrust the Tories. We know well what we

have to expect from the arrogance of Lord
STANLEY; from the rankling apostacy of Sir'
JAMES GRA HAM , eager to revenge himself upon
the country for the scorn which it has heaped
upon him ; from the pig-headed selfishness of
the Corn-law Duke of BUCXINGH AM ; and from

the unprincipled, buccaneering, political parti-
zanship of Lord LYNDHURST. As well might
the people expect the Ethiop to change
his skin, or the leopard his spots, as these men

to set seriously about relieving the distresses of
the working classes. They never intended any
such thing. Their battles with the Whigs were
battles for place and for power. Their darling
object was office, not the means of benefiting
their country by any large or improved scale of
legislation or administration. So little, in reality ,

did they see wrong in the conduct of the Whigs,
that when they drove them from office they
stopped at the door to compliment them on the
politeness of their demeanour, their untiring in-
dustry, and the sincere uprightness of their in-
tentions ! It was a spectacle for men • and
angels, to see men "who, for ten years, had
represented the late Cabinet as composed
of traitors to . their country and its So-
vereign, starting to their feet, ready with
outstretched arms to embrace them, and
to proclaim their virtues to the word, the
moment it was announced that they had made up
their minds to give up the spoils of victory to
their opponents. When the Treasury bench was
gained, the Tories were satisfied. They even
talked of an oblivion of all old grudges, as if there
was no People out bf doors who had the least con-
::ern in the arrangements made by Whigs and
Tories in the House of Commons. In such men
neither The Sun, nor the working classes of this
country, can have*the shadow of confidence.
Were Sir ROBERT PEEL'S power in the Cabinet
absolute, we might expect something, for the
Right Hon. Baronet never supported the Corn-
laws with half the zeal he displayed in resisting
Catholic emancipation, and yet, in a few months,
he was brought round to carry that measure.
Sir RonEnes only political principle through
life has been expediency, and were the popular
outcry to render it expedient to abolish the Corn-
laws, he would-be the first to propose their abo-
lition, were he :not hound hand and fuuf to the
agricultural dray driven by the Duke of BUCK-
INGHAM. As he is now situated, he can do
nothing but obey the mandates of the thick-
skulled landed aristocracy, whose dupe and slave
he is.

The bulk of the people, who would not stir a
step to save the Whigs, abhor the Tories. None
of the rival factions possess their confidence.
They must now look to themselves, and among
themselves, for men upon whose abilities and
honesty they can rely with some degree of con-
fidence.

On Saturday the Bishop of LONDON consecrated
the City of London and Tower Hamlets Cemetery
at Mile-end. An entertainment followed the
consecration service, • at which the Right Rev.
Prelate made a short speech, in which lie lauded
cemeteries at a distance from large towns as
favourable both to public health and public
decency. The good Prelate was not always so
favourable to cemeteries, and he had the candour
to state his objections fairly to the company.
He feared they might withhold something from
the coffers of the Church. His regard for public
health and public decency was not so strong as
his attachment to burial fees, which jingle so
musically in the pockets of the priests. But an
Act of Parliament has secured their fees to the
priests, and now the Bishop of. LONDON is as
willing as anybody to promote the health and
decency of the community. After this ac-
knowledgment it would be exceedingly un-
fair to tax the Right Reverend Prelate
with hypocrisy. He is quite willing to
dispense with the reading of the burial
service provided the fees are paid. His Lord-
ship has no scruples about granting a dispensa-
tion to the clergy to omit
.a part of their duty,
Provided their congregations are particular in
leaving no part of the established rate of fees
unpaid. Public health and public decency are
good things in their way, but they are subordi-
nate to the vested interest which the priest has
in the rotting remains of a defunct member of
the human family ! Death, which extinguishes
all passions, and dissolves every other terrestrial
tie, does not relieve us from the taxation claims
of the priesthood—from claims which even • a
Prelate avows to have outweighed in his mind
.a regard for the health and decency of this vast
metropolis.

The Paris Journals of Friday and Saturday
have all reached us. Notwithstanding the great
outcry which they all made against Lord PAL-
MERSTON and the Whig Ministry, so far as we
can gather from them, they are still worse dissa-
tisfied with their Tory successors. The C'ourrier
Francais, the National, the Siecle, and the
Presse, speak most disparingly of the composi-
tion of the'PEiL Cabinet.

• The Constitutionnel has the following remarks
on the negotiations for commercial 'relations be-
tween France and Belgium:—
The commercial negotiations with Belgium have for
some days past attracted the serious attention of the
Council of Ministers. The question of the suppression
of the custom-houses being, fel/act—impracticable, is
wholly abandoned. The, object al ow m view is a
new treaty of commerce upon very wide, bases,
with modifications of our tariffs, and a great. facility
for the introduction into France of the various
manufactures of Belgium, such as woollens, carpets,
iron, coal, &c. The propositions of .the Belgian Govern.
meat have given rise to serious objections in the Council.
The compensations offered by it for the concessions re-
quired, are chiefly the reduction of the Belgian tariff as
regards our wines and spirits. The Belgian propositions
have their partisans in the Cabinet who welcome them
as an opening to more intimate relations between the
two countries ; but we know also tkat they have been
strongly resisted by some of the Ministers who are im-
pressed with a sense of the opposition which they would
experience in the Chambers, and the injury wthich, if
ac-
ceded to, they would bring upon France. We are as-
sured that the deliberations on this subject are indefi-
nitely adjourned, and the Cabinet intends to call upon se-
veral Chambers of ComMerce for information, which is
become indispensable, on account of the turn which the
negotiations have taken."
An amusing anecdote is current in Paris, as to the
King of Prussia's reception of M. Thiers. After the in-
terview of the French statesman with the German Mo
'larch had been spent on topics of art and general con-
versation, M. Thiers alluded to politics, when the King
of Prussia observed that his political maxim was that of
M. Guizot, La Paix partout, et tourjours—"peace every
where: and always —and that he was not ashamed of it-
The magistracy of Hanover have instituted a prosecu-
tion against an innkeeper at Hertzberg for, defaming the
memory of the late Queen.
Extract of a letter from Tceplitz, 25th ult., in the
having"Te
in Duchesser suite
otuhleer rie arrivedDowager
hAeurgesbounrytGheaz.eltsteth:--,
Duchess de Blacas, and Count Stanislas de Blacas, who
served in: the army of Don Carlos. All the elite of the
society here have been to pay their respects to her Royal
Highness. The :Dowager Princess of ReuSs Graetz,
who, before her marriage, was a Princess de Rolifm,
Prince Radziwil, the Count tie Fiquelmont, and his fu-
ture son-iu-law, Prince de Clary, the proprietor of
Tceplitz, went on the eve. of the feast of Saint Louis toto
compliment the Duchess d'Angoulcue. Prince Felix
Lichnowski has passed an evening with the Princess,

whose journey hither is considered as a proof of the sad:- •
factory condition of the Duke de Bordeaux.
The following account of a valuable and curious dis-
covery at Trieste appears in the Eco du Monde Savant:
.--‘ The supply of water to Trieste being frequently un-
equal to the wants of the inhabitants, and there being no
source of importance excepting a little river, the Recce,
which loses itself in . the mountains and re-appears only
at a considerable distance, a German engineer, M. Lind-
ler, hoping to give to this river a direction favourable to
Trieste, resolved to explore its course. After penetrat-
The
through the cavities of the mountain without success,
The proceeded to break openings, and at length came upon
a cavity, into which he had himself lowered hse• ropes.
It is an immense grotto, 160 feet in height, 2,350 feet in
length, and through it the river in question flows over a
bed of sand. With a small expense, this water can be
brought by aqueduct into Trieste."
The Revue Orientals has a leter from the Cretan
Committee at Athens, from which we make the annexed
extract :—" It is true that the Sphakiotes, whether they
had been betrayed, or whether they saw• that it was im-
possible to save their kunilies if they fell, left open *
,s,
free passage to their enemies. Still the provinces of
Malevison, Messara, aDd Melopotamo, hold out. The
brave General B. Chali's, having collected some troops,
is determined to meet his assailants. Only a few of: the
Sphakiotes have given up their arms. the rest keeping
them until reinforcements come to enable them to renew
the struggle. - The provisional Government, too weak
and incapable to brave the danger, has given way to a
military goveimment, witich has been sanctioned by the
suffrages of the armed force, and is more suited to con-
tend with the ditgenhies by which the country is sur-
rounded. A flotilla was indispensable ; and there .has
• been formed one as large as the means at our command
permitted."
A few days ago a. fire broke out in the forest of Po-
laison, near Draguignan, which burnt down the wood
standing on 400 hectares (the hectare is equal to about
2i English acres) of Royal forest,, and from 200 to 30.0
• hectares of private property. On the same day a fire
broke out in a wood belonging to a rick landholder near
Frejus. It was still 'burning on the 20th ult. These fires
are supposed to have been the work of incendiaries.
Thy manufactory of M. Morel Porte, in the centre of
Bernay, near Rouen, took fire early on Sunday morning,
' and burnt wish such violence that the whole of the build-
ino•b and its contents were consumed, leaving only the
walls. Nothing but the exertions of the firemen and the
• absence of wind, saved the town from extensive devasta-
tion, as the factory was surrounded by numerous wooden
houses. •.

The Lyons papers state that the man Collot, who has
just been condemned to death for murdering his uncle, at
that place, is a descendant of the infamoniZollot d'Her-
bois, of revolutionary notoriety.
M. Tiran, member of the Society Vf, Antiqiiaries of
France, has been sent into Spain by the Minister of Pub-
lic Instruction, to collect rare books and MSS. for the
Public Libraries of France.
" The Spanish .Ambassador," says the Toulonnais," is
stated to have detained at Mahon the Victorieuse cor-
vette until France has paid a sum of 10.000 E, the esti-
mated charges for quarantine expenses. The captain of
the Victorieuse has been warned that, if he attempts to
sail before this demand is settled, the corvette will be
fired on."
M. Lenormand, the ex-Commissary of police, arrived
at Toulouse on Wednesday morning, and was immedi-
ately lodged in the prison of the Senechal.
The three veterinary schools. of Alfort, Lyons, and
Toulouse, at which there are 600 students, cost the Go-
vernment 492,2001. per annum, or, upon the average,
820 f. for each student. The average number of horses
kept in them is 1,332,—viz.: 838 stallions, 127 mares,
212 colts, 99 fillies, and 56 draft-horses. The expenses
amount to 1,921,900 f. In the sheep-farms at Rambouillet.
Perpignan, and Lahayevaux, there are
.1,500 animals, the
keep of which, all expenses included, amounts to 116,000 f.
a-year.
The gallery of the Palais Royal, which contains the
series of historical pictures, representing the various
scenes of which that edifice has been the theatre, is
about to have added to it two more paintings—one repre-
senting the reception by the Royal Family of France of
Queen Maria Christina ; and the other the signing, by
her Spanish Majesty, of her Protest against the Deorees
of the Cortes, which deprived her ef her rights as
Guardian of Queen Isabella.

The Minister of Foreign Affairs, according to the
Univers, has remitted to the Superior of the Sisters of
Charity, at Smyrna, 3,000 f. towards the relief of the
sufferers by the late fire there.
The Moniteur of the 4th of September has no official
part.
We find the following account in the Emancipation of
Toulouse of the Ist of September :
" M Lenormand, our late Principal (Commissary,
whom we have mentioned as being implicated in the
troubles of Toulouse, arrived this morning by the dili-

gence from Paris, accompanied by two police officers,
who did not quit hie: for a moment. After having
alighted at the Capont Hotel, he was put into a hackney
coach, still attended by two police officers, and conveyed
to the prison of the Senechal. '—Le Constitutionntl.
The Mentor packet, which arrived at Marseilles on the
30th of August, brought the Moniteur Ottomen of the
16th, the Journal de Smyrna of the 19th, and the Im-
partial, a new journal in the French language, of the
19th. The accounts from Constantinople are not very
interesting.
Lord Ponsonby had lately a long conference with Hi-
flint Pacha ; but nothing has transpired with respect to
the subject of their interview.
Great change will take place in a few months in the
principal legation. Lord Ponsonby, it is said, is making
preparations for his departure, and though nothing an-
nounces his recal, it is affirmed that he has expresed his
intention not to return to Constantinople. It is supposed
that he will be succeeded by Mr. Charles Begot.
Count Pontois expects with.every courier leave of ab-
sence to return to France, fir which he has applied to
his Court. It is affirmed that he, too, when he has once
gone away, will do all that depends on him not to return
to the Levant ; and, in this case, it is thought that M.
Bois-le-Compte will succeed him.
Lastly, Count Konigsmark, the Russian Ambassador,
having obtained leave of absence, will make use of it at
the beginning of October.—Le Commerce.
An enormous skate, accordinc, to the Brussels jour-
nals, was sold on Monday in the fishmarket at Ghent,
measuring 6 feet square, and weighing 1751b5.
The Emancipation of Toulouse mentions that last
week the receipts of the Savings' Bank there were 24,183
francs, and the disbursements 158,609 francs, thus show-
ing the severe distress,.and perhaps distrust, which con-
tinues to prevail there.
The Marquis of Northampton has arrived at the Hotel
Bristol, place Vendome.
The Chevalier Peruzzi, Tuscan Minister, has left Paris
for Florence, and during his absence the Chevalier Bar-
gagli replaces him as Charge d'Affaires.
The Moniteur Parisien says:—" The conferences be-
tween the Belgian Commissioners and the French Go-
vernment for a treaty of commerce will commence in a
few days. It will be remembered that last year, in the
negotiations for a treaty of commerce with England,
Commissioners were appointed by the French Govern-
ment, and much time was bestowed without any result.
On the present occasion, in order to prevent delay, and
that difficulties may be promptly removed, three of the
Ministers, Messrs. Guizot, Humann, and Cunin Gridaine,
will treat directly with the Belgian Commissioners."
Mlle. deDietz has commenced her tour under the most
favourable and distinguished auspices. When at Laval
she received a most gracious invitation from the Queen
to present herself at Eu, and display her talents before
the Royal Family. This flattering invitation was ac-
cepted with the feelings our admired pianist is known to
possess, and on the 28th ult. she executed several pieces
before her Majesty, and the rest of the Royal Family,
whose praises were great, rendered still more valuable
by their own acknowledged taste and science. The
Queen, in token of her own and the general satisfaction,
presented the fair artist with a splendid gold neck-chain
enriched with pearls and diamonds.
A letter from Dunkirk, 29th ult., says:—" This morn-
ing, at eleven, a fire broke out in the warehouses of M.
sHubert, which contained more than 150 pipes of spirits
of full strength. Not only are these warehouses burn-
ing, but three neighbouring houses are entirely con-
sumed ; and, in onier to prevent the extension of-the ca-
lamity, other houses have been pulled down."—A letter
from Lille of the next day gives the following later par-
ticulars Seven houses became a prey to the flames.
Amongst the merchandise in store was a large quantity
of spirituous liquors, whiclutSided to the intensity of the
fire. The loss is estimated at 150,000 f. in buildings,
50,000 f: in furniture, and 200,000 f. in merchandise."
" Considerable curiosity was excited the day before
yesterday," says the Moniteur Parisien, "by the appear-
ance of four persons, the father, the. mother, a child of
five or six years of. age, and a female, apparently a ser-
vant, who were all walking in the middle of the river,
between the bridges of St. Cloud and Asnieres, with the
• water up to the chest. They wore a sort of bathing-
dress, but. their mode of walking was as if they were
performing a gymnastic exercise. When asked by the
spectators what they were doing, they made no reply,
but, placing their arms across their breasts, walked on."
The King of Wurtemberg returned on the 27th ult.
to Stuttgardt. In passing through Graetz, in Styria, his
Majesty had an interview with the Emperor of Austria.
A' Berlin correspondent writes that, at a late review
by the King of Prussia, his Majesty was much annoyed
by observing many of the spectators wearing enormously
large beards, and turning to one of the hirsute gentle-
men, he said with a significent gesture Pray, Sir,
go and get yourself shaved, for here you run great risk
of having your beard singed."
Prince Odescalchi, who, three years ago, renounced
the purple of his Cardinalate, and retired into the Je-
suit's College at Modena, died there on the 17th ult., at
the comparatively early age of 55.
The Augsbupy Gazette states that the Pope, according
to a letter from Rome, is about to perform a long-in-
tended visit of devotion to the shrine of the Virgin of
Loretta, which circumstances h ive hitherto prevented.
His Holiness is expected to leave Rome on the 9th inst.,
and, on his retuitt to visit the Sanctuary of Fabrino, in
which are deposited the relics of Saint Romuald, patri-
arch of the Camaldules, and the church of Our Lady of
the Angels, which owes its restoration to the present
Pontiff.