The Sun.
London, England, 1846-05-07 00:00:00

PARLIAMEN TAR Y DIVISIONS.

(From the Votes and Proceedings of the House of Commons.
WEDNICSDAY, MAY 6.
ROMAN CATHOLIC RELIEF BILL.
Order for Committee read ; Motion made, and Question proposed,
" That Mr. Speaker do now leave the Chair :"—Amendment pro-
posed, to leave out from the word " That" to the end of the Ques-
tion, in order to add the words " this House will, upon this day six
months, resolve itself into the said Committee," instead thereof :
Question put, " That the words proposed to be left out stand part of
the Question." The House divided :

MAJORITY—AYES, 110.
A'Court, Captain Fitzroy, Henry Neville, Ralph
Archbold, Robert Forster, Matthew O'Connell, Daniel
Armstrong, Sir A. Gore, Montague O'Conor, Don
Arundel, Earl of Goulburn, Henry Ord, William
Baillie, Colonel Graham, Sir J. Pakington, J. S.
Baring, Henry Granger, T. C. Parker, John
Baring, F. T. Greene, Thomas Pechell, Captain
Baring, W. B. Grey, Sir G. Peel, Sir Robert
Barron, Sir H. Grosvenor, Lord R. Peel, Jonathan
Berkeley, Craven Hall, Sir Benjamin Philipp, ;G. R.
Bernal, Ralph Harcourt, G. Plumridge, Captain
Blake, M. J. Hatton, Captain V. Powell, Caleb
Boldero, H. G. Herbert, Sidney Pusey, P.
Bowes, John Hindley, Charles Rawdon, Colonel
Bowles, Admiral Horsman, E. Roebuck, J. A.
Bowring, Dr. Howard, C. W. Russell, Lord J.
Bretherton, J. Howard, P. H. Sheridan, R. B.
Browne, W. Hughes, W. B. Smith, J. A.
Buller, Charles James, Sir W. Smith, Vernon
Busfeild, William Johnson, General Somerset, Lord G.
Butler, F. S. Kelly, Sir Fitzroy Somerville, Sir W.
Cardwell, Edward Lambton, H. Strutt, Edward
Carnegie, Captain Lascelles, W. S. Sutton, H. M.
Christie, W. D. Layard, Captain Thesiger, Sir F.
Collett, John Leader, J. T. Thornely, T.
Coote, Sir C. 1.1. Lincoln, Earl of Trelawny, J. S.
Cowper, W. F. Loch, James Wakley, Thomas
Craig, W. G. Macaulay, T. B. Walker, Richard
Crawford, W. S. Macnarnara, Major Wall, C. B.
Cripps, W. M'Carthy, Alexander Williams, W.
Denison, J.. E. M`Geachy, F. A. Wodehouse, E.
Dennistoun, John Mahon, Viscount Wood, Charles
Duncan, Viscount Maitland, Thomas Wyse, Thomas
Duncan, George Marsland, Henry Young, John,
Dundas, David Martin, J.
Escott, Bickham Milnes, B. Monckton TELLERS.
Esmonde, Sir T. Mitchell, T. A. Watson, Henry
Ewart, William Morpeth, Viscount Manners, Lord J.

MINORITY—NOES. 67.
Adderley, C. R. Estcourt, T. G. Maunsell, T. B.
Allix, J. P. Finch, George Maxwell, Hon. J. P.
Arbuthaott, Hugh Forbes, William Meynell, Captain
Arkwright, G. Fox, S. L. Newdegatc, C. N.
Astell, William Fuller, A. E. Palmer, G.
Bailey, J., jun. Grinaditch, Thomas Plumptre, J. P.
Baillie, W. Hamilton, J. H. Rashleigh, W.
Baskerville, T. B. Hamilton, G. A. Round, C. G.
Bateson, T. Hamilton, Lord C. Round, John
Beckett, William Hildyard, T. B. T. Sheppard, T.
Bell, Matthew Hope, Sir J. Shirley, E. J.
Bernice, P. Houldsworth, T. Stuart, Colonel
Berestord, Major Hussey, Thomas Stuart, J.
Blackburne, J. I. Jones, Captain Tollemache, J.
Broadley, Henry
Broadwood, H.Verner, Col.
Brooke, Sir A. B. Lawson, Andrew Waddington, 11. S.
Buller, Sir Y. Lefroy, A. Tyrrell, Sir J.
Wyndham, Colonel
Christopher, R. A.
KLL
II inwi
dg
:hal
Lindsay,
co,yn. Sirc.
Captain,B C C.
Yorke, E. T.
Churchill, Lord A. S. Lockhart, W.
Chute, W. L. W. Lowther, Hon. Col. TELLERS.
Connolly, Colonel Lygon, General Colquhoun, John
Douglas, Sir H. Mackenzie, T. Spooner, Richard
Douglas, J. S. Marton, G.

MAnsTori.—The new novel, just published, under the
title of " Marston ; or the Soldier and Statesman," from the
pen of the celebrated author of " Salathiel," whilst assuming
to make the reader acquainted with the career of one who
alternately fills the highest offices in the State, makes him
familiar also with the great men and distinguished personages
of both sexes, with whom, in the course of his various ad-
ventures, he was brought into contact. The hero, during the
outbreak of the French revolution, becomes an observer of
the perils of Louis XVI. and Marie Antoinette, of the devo-
tion of their loyal friends, and the hatred of their remorse-
less enemies. His portraits of Napoleon and Josephine, of
Robespierre, Danton, Dumourier, Madame Roland, Carnot
Sieyes, Prince Cobourg, the Duke of Brunswick, and La
Fayette, are full of character; and not less animated are those
of his still more eminent contemporaries in the English and
Irish senate, Pitt, Fox, Sheridan, Burke, Grattan, Castle-
reagh, Clare, and Curran. With so many attractive features,
it may readily be believed that " Marston" is a very striking
narrative, and well worthy the great reputation of its distin-
guished author.
A SEIRII SAMARITAN.—Among the officers of her
Majesty's 9th Foot severely wounded at Ferozeshah, and
who subsequently died, was a Mr. S.---. There is a story
connected with his wound, poor fellow, which, if true,
as I believe it to be, is quite romantic. He was wounded
in the leg on the evening of the 21st, and while lying
on the ground alone. his -regiment having gone on to
the attack, a Seikh came up to him and said, " Sahib,
my people are killing all the wounded, and if you remain
here you will be killed too; but come with me and I will
save you." S-- replied, " How can I come with you?
m 7 leg is broken, and I cannot even stand." "Oh I"
said the man, " I will take you on my back," which was
accordingly done; and -off( he set with him in the direc-
tion of Ferozepore. After going for a considerable dis-
tance, when they were quite ont of reach of the enemy,
he stopped to rest and wait for daylight, paying every
attention that circumstances would admit of to his charge's
comfort. As the day broke, a party of our cavalry came up,
on their way from Ferozepore to the field, and the officer with
him brandy and water, asked him what he giving some
in-
tended doing; to which he replied, "I shall mount my
anzdagnodienatornFeedrohizniepteirlel.t'h'
eTyhfeelSl4Likwhiothncaelmitotrare
good
them stopped to see if be could do anythingforS—, and after
for the sick, into which he got, and was taken to the Fe-
rozepore hospital. His friend, however, would not even
reached the ears of
took Sam ahr ii
mt a
onna
his
then leave him, but walked by the litter all the way,.and,
it buil'
after they had reached the hobpital, remained by his bed-
sidecl lto
is
se
alsoa wn
saidd sn attendance
that uponthe
shimtory
the Governor-General, who after poor 5—.....'s death made
the man a liberal present, and took him into the public
service.
THE LATE SEIZURE Al' STOCR.PORT. We stated
last Wednesday, that bankrupt's effects, to the
death.in
amount of
between 3001. and 4001., attempted to be concealed
creditors, had been seized at LI azle Grove. Since
from the
matter has been made public, by the issue of then the
ing a reward of 20 per cent. upon the valueplacards offer-
which could afterwards be discovered and of all goods
the benefit of the creditors. The handed over for
land, late silk throwster and bankrupt is Henry Mars-
About 300 sovereigns, made up hi shopkeeper,llazle Greve.
a
cealed in one house, and other pro box'property,
were found con-
nearly 1001. more. On Saturday ljt,er , to the value of
further lot of silk in the hank, valued the police seized a
at about 254—Man-
chester Guardian.

--- -
DREADFUL ACCIDEThiS morning,
about half-
past two o'clock, two men were driving a Greenwich fly over water-
Pha:pirewf was obliged
The horse
100-bridge, towards the Strand, when the horse started, and threw
both the driver and a man riding on the box with him to the ground.
narodtshuLrancaster• place, where, with the shafts only
ged to be taken
itnib,utwhitihs cnomo t
hT heen i v
dartederwtoa
wards
attached to him, he fell against a lamp-post, and was left in a dying
to Kin's College Hosp
state.
THE THIRTY-FIRST REGIMENT.--The following order
has been issued to this regiment, on its departure from India, by
Maor-General Sir H. Smith. It is dated Camp, Lahore, March 3:—
" Cjomrades, officers, and soldiers of the gallan t 31st Regiment —You
and I have been so associated with recent conflicts, where your ser-
vices have been distinguished, that I cannot lose you from under my
command without an expression of the deepest regret. That regret
is, however, mitigated when I know you are about to return to your
native country, from which the regiment has been absent twenty-
one years, much diminished in numbers, caused by your valiant con-
duct and recent glorious victories. But the former renown of you
distinguished corps has acquired additional 'fame by the valour of
Lieutenant-Colonel Spence, the officers and soldiers, and the long list
of triumphant victories much increased by your services in India.
Farewell, my gallant comrades, for the present. May every success,
happiness, and prosperity attend Yea, the allant 31st Regi-
ment, in peace as honour,it has so gloriously done in war; and believe me
one of the meat happy and prowl recollections of any the will be that
I have witnessed the indomitable valour of the corps."
CATTLE.—From a Parliamentary paper issued to-day
it appears that the numbers of all cattle, h
s-eep, and swine, imported
into great Britain from Ireland, from the sth of January to the sth
of April, 11146, ata--Oxen, bulls and cows, 14,09; calve, ls 3; sheep
and laaalah 11,1:1; raid nom, 1r2,241.

STIhRe recentCli ARLFE
in
nmS theloth
motions,
ad-
dresses in answer to her Majesty's Messages respecting the
pensions proposed to be bestowed on Viscount Ilardinge and
r JAMES
Houses
of
Lord Gough, have been assented to with an enthusiasm
worthy of their object. To have conferred upon these dis-
tinguished men rank and honours, without affording them at
the same time the means of supporting them with dignity,
would have been but a mockery of the intentions of the ll-
lustrious Personage with whom those honours have origi-
nated. On their military career, after the interesting details
communicated in the speeches of Sir Robert Peel and Lord
arhaena st lessa
aad Ripon,bgeeuth
expressed
ytmdgowisieshponpgi wuni
alyitedyohrneebbidsol
searuunviortpdnoef
upon
wkbennseeoteladtotin eadfidarswatol'
ye,
occasion
cl
ttAa
snm;
ibl
tuiseaehoumen:ffinbe
anything
keprltd)ssipei,
ttecil
ha:tirataon.
moreteu lsaynywg
rewarded;
eahr
wetahHihtaoei
runlocseul,
eNs•
dotceoorsr
lan-
guagesa
rsoHci
Harry
rtoref
complainti h our c cordial ial
disappointment
w we
havea
ve which
al
l
and heroism kthe t
of Parliament on the subject have but confirmed the im-
pression. We rejoice, therefore, to observe that something
like an intimation has been drawn from the Government
that the hero of Aliwal will obtain a further recompense for
his gervices. If, however, there be one officer of the Anglo-
Indian army who has more unanswerable ground of com-
plaint for the neglect which he has experienced, on all hands,
than another, it is Major-General Sir Charles James Napier,
who gained the glorious victory of Meeanee over a force of
35,000 Beloochees, strongly entrenched, with little more than
2,000 European and native troops ; and who received, if we
except the "permission to wear his red ribbon over his
shoulder, instead of around his neck," no other mark of the
nation's gratitude than the thanks of Parliament, and those
only a year after the battles to which they referred had
been gained. With the generosity which is character-
istic of his nature, Lord Brougham made a pointed allu-
sion on Tuesday night, in the House of Lords, to the ex-
traordinary neglect which that gallant veteran had
experienced both from the Government and the East India
Company. After the graceful allusion of Lord Ripon to the
fact that highly as her Majesty appreciated the gallant ser •
vices of Viscount Hardinge and Lord Gough on the Sutlej, it
was not on their account solely that she had desired to
confer upon them the distinction they had received at her
hands, and the interesting account given by his Lordship and
Sir Robert Peel of the earlier military career of those dis-
tinguished men, it may not be irrelevant to bring under the
notice of our readers a few of the achievements of Sir C.
Napier. It is as difficult to account for the treatment he
has met with as it is to discover the quarter in which it has
originated. The Duke of Wellington, in his place in Par-
liament, described him as " a man of the greatest sagacity,
prudence, and foresight in his profession," and pronounced the
highest eulogium upon his conduct at Meeanee, and
Hyderabad, where he is said to have manifested " all the

dikretionj and ability of an officer familiar with the most
difficult operations of war." Before, however, we refer to his
services in other parts of the world, let us glance at his
achievements in India during the last four years. In Sinde
he conquered what may fairly be termed a kingdom, occu-
pied by an army 80,000 strong, with a force, European and
native, varying in numbers from 3,000 to 5,000 men. This
he accomplished by two hard-fought battles, in one of which
the disparity between his force and that of the enemy was
ten to one, and in the other five to one. By extensive and
complicated operations, with the thermometer from 120 to
130 in the shade, ho defeated a bold attempt of Shere Ma-
hommed to renew the war; dispersed his entire force, and
took the Ameer prisoner. Ho has since employed himself
in tranquillising Sinde with such success, that he has
been enabled to leave it on a late occacion, along
with the greater part of its army of occupation,
for the purpose of assisting in the operations on
the Sutlej. This conquest was unattended by any
of those acts of plunder, outrage, and blood-
shed (save in open fight) which have so often detracted from
great military successes. As a governor, Sir Charles Napier's
conduct has been characterised by wisdom and moderation;
and such have been the effects of his rule, that Sinde has
been, since its subjugation by him, orderly, quiet, and con-
tented • , improving in commerce and in the useful arts, until

it has became one of the fairest and most valuable of our
Indian dependencies. We have now to speak of Sir Charles
Napier's earlier services. He has been fighting the battles of
his country for more than half a century. He commanded
the 50th Regiment throughout the campaign which termi-
nated with the battle of Corunna, where he was made pri-
soner, after having received five severe wounds—namely, his
leg broken by a musket-shot, a sabre cut on the head, a
bayonet wound in the back, two ribs broken by a cannon-
shot, and several contusions from the butt-end of a musket..
In the latter part of 1809 he returned to the Peninsula, where
he remained on active service until 1811. During that in-
terim he was present at the battle of Coa (where he had two
horses shot under him); at the battle of Busaco (where he
had his jaw broken and his eye much injured) ; at the battle of
Fuentes d'Onor ; at the siege of Badajos, and several other
actions of less importance. In 1813, he accompanied
a floating expedition to the coast of North America, and
landed several times at Craney island and other places. He
served also in the campaign of 1815, and assisted at the
storming of Cambray. Sir Charles Napier has ever been the
warm friend of the soldier, and has written an admirable
work on military law, in which he has evinced much of the
sagacity for which the Duke of Wellington has so highly
complimented him. As a military reformer he has rendered
essential service to his profession. Such is the man whom
the world " hath delighted to honour," but whom the Last
India Company and the Government appear to have agreed
to neglect. 'The command of a regiment must have been
conceded to him on account of the length and brilliancy
of his former services, as a matter of course. A
clasp he earned by his gallantry at Corunna ; and the
Companionship of the Bath was subsequently conferred
upon him. His promotion from this rank of the order
to that of Commander is, however, the only honour which
has rewarded his glorious services in Sinde. We have
heard a good deal from newspaper report of the Sinde prize
money, but we have reason to believe that Sir Charles
Napier has as yet received no part of it, and that he will not
under any circumstances receive much. Were it otherwise,
such a windfall ought not to interfere with the just and legi-
timate reward of his high deserts. It is, as we have said,
difficult to understand the cause of the neglect of which this
distinguished officer has been the victim. Some ascribe it
to the fact that the gallant Governor of Sinde is regarded
with jealousy by the political servants of the East India
Company, who are chagrined to find that he can manage so
well without their aid ; others assume that the position in
which he stood as the confidential friend and favoured com-
mander of the late Governor-General (an object of fear and
dislike equally with himself to the department they had
attempted to reform) had damaged him with the Directors.
However this may have been, as the Government at home
has declined to adopt the prejudices of that body in the case
of Lord Ellenborough, it might have been expected that they
would have repudiated them in that of Sir Charles Napier.
Sir Robert Peel, after speaking of the "personal nobility" of
the gallant General, has admitted that "he has not been
sufficiently rewarded." The present Governor-General of
India, than whom no man more warmly appreciates his
merits, has afforded practical proofs of the estimation in
which he holds him, not the least of which is his having
sent for him to take the post of second in command in the
Punjaub. " What higher honour," says Sir Robert Peel,
"could be conferred?" The termination of the war, how-
ever, prevented that intention from being carried into effect ;
but how this mark of the estimation in which Sir Charles
Napier's qualifications are held by the Governor-General can
be referred to as a proof of the desire of the Government to
reward his distinguished services, we are at loss to conceive.
Such a compliment could not fail to soothe the " wounded
spirit" of the gallant veteran, but it does not explain the
omission of which the Minister admits him to have been the
victim. The man who achieved the conquest of Sinde, and
fought the battle of Meeanee, and who afterwards, by his
wisdom and tact as a civil governor of the kingdom he had
subjugated, induced its military marauders to convert their
swords into pruning hooks, has certainly claims upon his
country which ought not to be overlooked.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.
Siß,—l am happy to see the very proper rewards conferred
upon Lords Hardinge and Gough, and could have wished to
have seen more attention paid to the services of Sir Charles
Napier and Sir Harry Smith.
I will explain some of the circumstances to you. Sir It.
Peel has again and again expatiated upon the superlative
military merits of Lord Hardinge with great gusto. Would
you believe it, Lord Hardinge never in his life commanded
even a corporal's guard of British troops before an enemy
till these late affairs in India? It is true he commanded, for
a short time, at the very end of the Peninsular war, a bri-
gade of the Portuguese troops, and I dare say commanded
them well. But all his services at Albuera, &c., were only
those of a messenger or staff-officer, carrying orders. Why,
then, all this puff of the Prime Minister ? Lord H. is a
brother-in-law of the late Lord Castlereagh, and (luckily for
him) was the Duke of W.'s second i❑ that important national
battle with the Earl of Winchilsea. Lord Gough is a man
who has all his life commanded British troops in fire. And
there can be no doubt his patient submission, when superseded
at Madras by an inferior officer, was very creditable to him.
Sir Robert Peel should have added, that the junior officer
who stepped over his head is the father-in-law of the Duke
of W.'s son, Lord Douro._ _ _

Sir Charles Napier and Sir Harry Smith are prime fellows
before an enema•, but neither of them are connected with the
Duke of W. or Sir Robert Peel, by either private friendship,
private service, or political connexion ; and therefore may
seek redress or honours where they can. Napier took Sinde
in splendid style, and the Duke's private pet, Ellenborough,
got an earldom for that service. " Kissing goes by favour."
MILES.

SKETCH OF MAJOR-GENERAL SIR CITARLES
JAMES NAPIER.
His long white beard tells that he must have seen full sixty
years in various climes; but his bright penetrating eye also
tells that he is in the intellectual vigour of middle age, al-
though the survivor of thirty-four of his people who had been
struck with coup de soled, and who, with one exception, were
dead corpses in three hours. A head which a phrenologist
would delight to take a cast from exhibits a sword-cut which
the thinness of the hair cannot conceal; a long raised scar at
the side, and a smaller in front, indicate that a musket-ball
had traversed his face ; an involuntary motion of the muscles,
the effect of other wounds received in the Wellington school,
keep his hand and arm in perpetual motion. On his breast is
seen a gold medal, inscribed " Cerunna," surmounted with
clasps bearing the names of other fields. Peering from be-
neath a broad red ribbon, from which is suspended a Grand
Cross of the Bath, are seen two medals, on one of which
" Meeanee" is written, on the other " Hyderabad." At his
side is a superb gold-mounted sword, presented by the Earl
of Ellenborough, in token of his Lordship's personal esteem,
and commemorative of the brilliant services in India, per-
formed under his Lordship's administration.— Naval and
Military Gazette.

FLANDERS AND DUTCH MAILS.
THE Heour, MAT s.—The Second Chamber of the States-General
in its sitting yesterday commenced the important discussion of the
first book of the penal code.
The Chamber proceeded in the discussion in its sitting to-day,
which is to be continued in its sitting this evening.
In the same sitting the Central Section made its report on the
project of law relative to the causeway from Maestricht to the fron-
tiers of Gelderland.
Her Iteyal Highness the Princess Albert of Prussia arrived at Dus-
seldorf on the Ist of May, and continued her journey to Berlin.
CRACOW, APRIL 26.—This morning, between seven and eight
o'clock: there was a tumult here. Some men, dressed like peasants,
carried a handsome young woman, finely dressed as a country girl,t
through the streets, crying, " Behold a saint l' and led her to
iS
t.
Mary's Church, in the Market-place. There the pretended saint placed on the altar, and announced that the Virgin Mary had.ap-
peared_
is not lost, God the Father had decreed
to
restore
by the police and the
Po-
land in full splendour." The saint was removed loofiartot.
to her, and commanded her to proclaimto the
ee
the guard-house, about which
kingdom Poles,
soldiers from the altar, and taken to
guard advancing a few steps,
a great crowd had assembled; but the
stepping
up to the two
the guard-house, the crowd in-
nt of
pieces of cannon placed in fro
saint was found to be a prostitute
stantly dispersed. The pretended
of Cracow.—Breslato Journal.
and the artillery men with lighted matches,

MORTALITY OF THE METROPOLIS.—It appears from
the table of the deaths registered in the metropolis during the week
ending May 2, 1846, that the total number of deaths from all causes
during the week is 831 ; of these 39 were violent deaths, giving 792
as the number of persons who had died from disease during the week,
showing a decrease in the number of deaths from disease of 46 during
the week ending hiey 2 At compared with the week preceding.

LITE RAT. ETRE.
THE NORTH BRITISH RE VIEW, No. IX.
We have already adverted to this number in a leading
article, and quoted from it some appropriate remarks on
the affairs of the Punjaub, but there are several other
topics that requite notice. We may at the same time
observe, that this review, though established by a religi-
ous sect in Scotland, hose measures, from a sense of
public duty, we were some years since compelled to
oppose, has nothing in it sectarian or exclusive ; it treats
of subjects of literature, and science, and art, and history
in a Catholic and impartial manner, and seems purposely
to avoid a fault, with which similar works are often
chargeable ; namely, bringing forward the peculiar views
of the writers on almost every subject in the whole
range of knowledge. In a commercial point of view
any bookseller or publisher can see the propriety of such
• a regulation, and even as regards the propagation of
certain political or religious creeds, there is an equal
advantage, for converts are not made by force, and a.
man's opinions are not changed by endless unvarying lec-
tures on the same subject. In a periodical of this kind
the known character of the writers is not without its
effect, especially when questions of pure science, and
which may interfere with scriptural authority, are dis-
cussed. The timorous have no reason to fear for their
faith when discoveries in geology, for instance, or as-
tronomy, are made, which cannot be reconciled with
occasional passages in Scripture; they are sure that these
discrepancies will be satisfactorily explained by men in
whose religious belief they have full confidence ; and
they can, therefore, follow with perfect composure, in-
vestigations which lead to the conviction that the period
between the creation of man and that of the other ani-
mals has no definable limits, and that before the " human
face divine" was formed countless revolutions in this
globe, and convulsions annihilating animal life had
occurred. " Man was neither an agent nor a victim in'
these primeval convulsions. The exterminated creatures
had not been lorded over by his presence, nor have their
cemeteries been dignified with his remains.
.Intheheraldic
roll of ancient life he has no precedenceBefore
this vheanct
the oat had struck its roots and perished—
he
soared and fallen—the mammoth bad breathed aledied,
and as he was the last-born among the living creatures
entrusted to his mercy, he had no rights of primogeni-
ture even in the age which he controlled. Be is but an
upstart among the petrified dead." Such is the start-
ling language of the writer who reviews " Murchison's
Geology of Russia," but the reader need not tremble
for his orthodoxy, though no such events are even
alluded to in the first chapter of Genesis. It is a curi-
ous circumstance, discovered in perusing some of the
extracts from that work, that gold was not formed till
a very late period in the work of creation. It is found
only with the remains of the mammoth and the other
races which lived in the age preceding that in which
man was created. The review of this great geological
survey in Russia, considering that geology is by most
readers regarded as dry and uninteresting, is calculated
to excite great interest. It is evidently the production of
a writer well fitted by his own ingenious discoveries,
and his superior knowledge in the arts and sciences, to
make many of the subjects familiar to even ordinary
readers, and to give the highest importance to investi-
gations which may be said to be in their infancy. And
some of the subjects, when thus exposed and delineated,
give rise to reflections of the most sublime and momen-
tous description. We know from the Bible that the
work of creation was completed in six days, but of the
length of these days the divine writer gives us no idea.
The geologist may, therefore, exert his reason, and pro-
secute his researches, to ascertain the fact, without at
all impugning Scripture ; but his researches have not as
yet been productive of any decisive conclusion. Some of
those days may have been, for aught we know, ten thou-
sand or a hundred thousand years in length, and at the
close of each was some vast convulsion of nature, com-
missioned as it were to destroy what had been created,
and form a different race and a new generation for the
next. When facts like these are established by the clear-
est proofs, no occasional paragraphs in Scripture are
allowed for a moment to throw any doubt upon them.
The language of the Reviewer on this subject is highly
eloquent and incontrovertible :
"'While thus identified in their general objects and modes
of investigation, the twin sisters of terrestial and celestial
physics have been joint heirs of intolerance and persecution,
unresisting victims in the crusade which ignorance and
fanaticism are ever waging against science. When great
truths are driven to make an appal to reason, knowledge
becomes crime, and philosophers martyrs. The doctrine of
tbe earth's motion and the sun's stability hurried Galileo
into the dungeons of the Inquisition, and the announcement
of creations anterior to man, would have thrown Hutton and
his followers into a prison, had its bolts and bars been in-
trusted to bigotry. Trath;however, unlike all other powers,
can neither be checked nor extinguished. When com-
pressed it but reacts the more. It crushes where it cannot
expand—it burns where it is not allowed to shine. Human
when originally divulged, it becomes Divine when finally
established. At first the breath of a sage—at last it is the
edict of a God. Endowed with such vital energy, astrono-
mical truth has cut its way through the thick darkness of
superstitious times, and, following in its wake, geology will
soon find the same open path.when it has triumphed over
the less formidable obstacles of a more civilised age.
There are several other articles, both attractive and
instructive, and among them we may mention, " His-
tory of Domesticated Animals," " Anderson's Annals of
the English Bible," " British and Foreign Agriculture."
" The Life of Leibnitz" is a failure, and that on " Free
Church Sites" displays great ardour in the cause. The
writer, as Jonathan says, " goes the whole hogg."

LETTERS of the KINGS of ENGLAND. Two
Vols. By James Orchard Barnwell.
Often as it becomes our duty to announce, by a
critical or analytical notice, the publication of important
works, it is seldom one is issued which combines the im-
portance, the utility, the necessity of the present. As is
invariable under all similar occasions, the thing is alto-
gether so excellent we wonder it has never been thought
of heretofore. For in the autographic correspondence
of our British Sovereigns (a correspondence scattered
too widely for the convenience of every searcher into
our native records) many of the state problems are
solved better than by all the conjectures of philosophy,
and many regal characters become transparent to the
most superficial gazer. The editor of these two invalu-
able volumes assures us—in an " introduction" which we
only regret was not somewhat longer—that in the com-
pilation of his present work no less than twenty-seven
separate collections of MSS. have been consulted. In
this 'respect he will ever stand forth as the pioneer of
all future historians. Mr. Macaulay, whose elo-
quent mind is now engaged in fructifying his
own views of English history, will rejoice un-
doubtedly to find so many weapons for his own pro-
gress placed ready to his hand, without the trouble of
investigation. If ever a work was published deserving
of the title of a national work, " The Letters of the
Kings of England," by Mr. Halliwell has a full and
perfect right to the title. As a compilation it pre-
cludes criticism, while analysis becomes almost an im-
possibility, since these two volumes are the skeleton of
the occurrences of many generations—they are the cal-
culable causes that gave rise to such incalcu-
lable effects. One peculiarity is, however,
particularly worthy of mention in the letters here
mentioned—the orthography is modernised so as
to facilitate their perusal without interfering with
their idiosyncrasy—as all the quaint and characteristic
phrases are preserved. From Richard I. till Charles I.
inclusively, all the intervening reigns are illucidated by
the epistolary correspondence of the diffeient monarchs.
The love-letters of Henry VIII, to the unfortunate
Anne Boleyn are of themselves sufficient rewards to
any bibliographic antiquary ; and the epistles of Ed-
ward VI., so wise for one so inexperienced,ao staid and
pious for one so young, are infinitely curious. Indeed,
we cannot divest ourselves of the notion that those
letters were indicted under the dictation of the boy-
king's political advisers—say Cranmer. We say this,
under all correction from Mr. Halliwell, both from the
intrinsic qualities of the correspondence itself, and be-
cause we are somewhat sceptical about the oft-mentioned
" royal road" to wisdom. As one among the most re-
markable letters in the series, we transcribe one from
Anne Boleyn to Cardinal Wolsey, with a postcript by
King Henry. •
isiv Lord, in my most my heart can
" Anne Boleynh
humblest
laersdtinwails
wise that
trtomhuaobtaltesyout do, the which
think,-I
desire you to pardon me that I am so bold to trouble
you with my simple and rude writing, esteeming it to pro-
ceed from her that is much desirous to know that your Grace
does well, as I perceive by this bearer
knodolwenttetogrcoonattinpuainse, asunl amd
yt 00 u
have pray;
flerprlaydoG
taken for me is never like to be recompensed on my part, yc,rweahtoulresly]linivinlogvi.n boundha that
the ea nt
but
gA
.ynodu xfd ot unto
n o but
alGr°aliceelYabEeenveti r
allel
the daily proofs of my deeds shall •
affirm my writing to be t I mani estly declare and
rue, and do trust you to think the
same.
"My Lord, Ido assure you, Ido long hear from news of the Legate; for Ido hope, they come you
is,
as to
they shall be very good; and 1P am sureyoulesiremiytoasu,
much as I, and more, an it were possible; as I know it is
not: and thus remaining in a stedfast hope, I make an end
of my letter.
" Written with the hand of her that is most bound to be
your humble servant, " ANNE BOLEYN.
," Postcript by King Henry.
The writer of this letter would not cease, till she had
caused me likewise to set my hand, desiring you, though it
be short, to take it in good part. I insure you that there is
neither of us but greatly desireth to see you, and are joyous
to hear that you have escaped the plague sty well, trusting
the fury thereof to be passed, especially With them that
keepeth good diet, as I trust that you de. The not hearing
of the Legate's arrival in France causeth us somewhat to
muse; notwithstanding, we trust, by your diligence and
vigilancy (with the assistance of Almighty God), shortly to
be eased out of that trouble. No more to you at this time,
but that I pray God send you as good health and prosperity
as the writer would.
" By your loving sovereign and friend, " H. R."
This may be regarded as some slight indication of
the exalted influence possessed by this renowned states-
man at the Court of Windsor. Mr. J. 0. Halliwell has
shown no slight ability in the notes and elucidatory
paragraphs, with which he has interpolated the text :
he has, however, in one instance shown undue indeci-
sion in acquitting James I. of certain crimes imputed to
him by Scott, the romance writer, and others. We
commend Mr. Halliwell to the refutation of that charge,
as as pronounced by Lingard. After a perusal of that
refutation, the correspondence of James will appear
innocent enough, and the acquittal will be
accorded
In
rather more readily. This at least we conjecture.eore us are
all essential respects the two volumes
complete. Mr. Halliwell has performed hl' a
service for
•
the history of his native land , he has collected in one
' ,hts of " the past," for
focus many of the scattered
1I
the instruction of " the present," and the praise of "the
future." While the white
cliffs of Albion are washed
by the ocean, the
book will be resorted to as an au-
thority. From the very nature of the work it must
live ; and from the adroitness with which it has been
compiled it will always be associated with the name of
Halliwell.

SLAVERY AND SLAVE TRADE OF THE.
BRAZILS. By T. Nelson, R.N.
A very honest, comprehensive, and well-written ex-
posure of a great national iniquity is the pamphlet re-

i 2

4-

~ ~,.

.~

;,%111..!.

• cently issued by Mr. Nelson, formerly Senior Assistant.*
Surgeon of her Majesty's ship Crescent at, Rio de Ja-
neiro. And what we the more especially prize in this
plea for the black race is the uncompromising force of
its language and the very evident fact that the senti-
ments are all, as it were, superfices clustered together
upon a solid groundwork of experience and reason.
There is likewise a characteristic about this production
which is exceedingly estimable in one of its class :—it is
accurately grouped out, there is a certain logical sym-
metry in its arrangement, by which the several ideas of
the writer are submitted to the reader in an agree-
able and natural sequence. From his declaration,
it appears that the Brazilian Government have, during
many past years, fostered a trade in human beings,
though such was a direct violation of their treaties with
this country, and by which treaty the complete suppres-
sion of the slave trade was stipulated. Accord-
ing to an official statement in the Journal do Corn-
mercio, those treatises are declared to have ter-
minated on the 17th of last March ; a state-
ment, however, the authenticity of which both
we ourselves and the author of the " Remarks" would
wish to question. All the woes, multiple and excru-
ciating, endured by the African victims of the slave
trade are recounted by Mr. Nelson with a horrible par-
ticularity, from their first reception in the baracoon upon
the shores of their native country to their deliver-
ance into the hands of their permanent taskmasters
on the other side of the Atlantic. Enough to
sicken the most callous-hearted into a mingled, loathing,
and sympathy are these simple narratives of suffering.
Men, women, and children are huddled together for
months in dense crowds between decks—no room to
move—no room to breath—the prey of a thirst the most
unappeasable, of dysentry the most wracking and
noisome, and of diseases in the eyes often followed by
total and irreparable blindness. These diabolical pic-
tures of cruelty—a cruelty originating in a debasing and
villainous lust for lucre—have been painted again and
again in colours of appropriate sombreness ; but
never to our recollection have they stood out
from the pages with such a truthful air of wretched-
ness—" crying out for assistance, and there is
none to help them, " as in this benevolent
pamphlet. Mr. Nelson argues the matter, moreover,
upon an economical ground :—he points out the re-
markable and almost spontaneous fecundity of the soil
wofe, Brazilsuhoetet
formidablehi
en nutritious
following:obstacle which the
inhotness of the climate,
at certain periods of the year, throws the way of manual
pexroemrtpiotnit,undaetwuriethha.:vhinicha
great
causese measure counteracted, by the
under the smallest amount of toil. majorityl^uhetivente oth flourish
expensive and laborious undertakings, Which the English
agriculturist must perform to insure an adequate return, are
here neither adopted nor even known. The land having been
cleared of its primary coat of wild vegetation, requires no
other care than to be annually broken by the hoe, in order to
yield, in many cases, a doubly-repeated harvest in thC course
of the year.
" Throughout the entire country, nature has been lavish of
her choicest stores. Trees of almost every intertropical
variety, many furnishing the costliest woods, others the most
delicious kinds of fruit. Plants, some prized for their beauty,
others esteemed for their medicinal virtues, spring up indi-
genously in the more genial districts, and, with the variety
of their tints, clothe the hills, the valleys, and the margins
of the rivers, in the most enchanting verdure. The legu-
minous and farinaceous productions of the vegetable world
are nowhere more obedient to the call of the husbandman, or
more prolific of their refreshing and nutritive principles. The
mandioca and figon plants—answering to the corn and
potato of Great Britain—are easily reared, and afford a
wholesome and palatable food for the' lower orders of the
people. Rice and Indian corn add to the general abund-
ance, and cheapen, while they increase, the variety of the
necessaries of life."

With such a means of facile agriculture, the lazy
Portuguese settlers meritthe most universal reprobation,
for their purchase of droves of human beings to per-
form labour which might readily be managed other-
wise. When will this blot upon the human race be
finally obliterated ? Not until the almost impious farce
is forgotten, of a great nation assuming the flag of Ca-
tholic freedom, with a slave population answering their
beck," wearing their chains, bleeding under their
scourges.

PRECEDENTS OF CONVEYANCES, and
other Instruments relating to the Transfer of Land to
Railway Companies; with Introductory Matter and
Explanatory Notes. By Henry Thyrwitt Freud, and
.1. Hibbert Ware, Esqrs., Barristers at Law.
There are few shareholders in any railway company,
or landowners within the kingdom, who will not be more
or less interested in the subject-matter of this work.
When so many Acts have recently passed through Par-
liament, the periods for the compulsory acquisition of
lands under which have not yet expired, and when so
many new projects are before the Legislature, it be-
comes a matter of considerable importance to the landed
proprietors in the neighbourhood of the sanctioned or
contemplated lines, to have the state of the law respect-
ingthe acquisition of property by the several companies,
their extraordinary powers and privileges, and the
duties incumbent on them to perform in return, clearly
and simply stated in such a manner that the non-pro-
fessional reader, although wholly unacquainted
with law, may be enabled to form a sound judge.
ment of the manner in which his property
is, or may be affected. In this point
of view this work will be found much more valuable
than its modest advertisement would infer, which states
that its sole object is to afford some assistance in the
preparation of the instruments, of more ordinary oc-
currence relating to the acquisition of lands in England,
Wales, or Ireland, for railway purposes. With Scot-
land it does not purport to have any concern, the com-
panies in that country being regulated by wholly distinct
statutes. Up to the year 1845, the powers conferred, and
the restrictions imposed, on each railway or other
Joint-stock Company, were expressed at hill length in
the special Act of Parliament, by which that company
was incorporated. Much expense and inconvenience
was therefore occasioned, by the necessity of inserting
in each Act a multitude of ordinary clauses, all of which
would equally suit the circumstances of every other
company. And also, because, although the matter was
similar in its import, yet as considerable differences oc-
curred in the language and phraseology of the clauses of
the various Acts, a greater liability to litigation
existed whenever the meaning of any particular
enactment was the subject of discussion, and.
in many instances cases would necessarily have been
brought before the courts for the purpose of obtaining
a judicial interpretation. In order to remedy these evils
three measures, of considerable importance, were brought
forward by Government, 'in the early part of last session
of Parliament, by which the greater part of the com-
panies sanctioned during that session, and all which may
be passed during the present year, or at any time here-
after, will be regulated, save so far as they have been
altered or varied by express enactment in the special Act.
These statutes are respectively termed-
-Ist. The Companies Clauses Consolidation Act.
2d. The Lands Clauses Consolidation Act.
3d. The Railway Clauses Consolidation Act.
The second of these Acts more immediately relates
to the acquisition of land for railway purposes, and it is
therefore given at full length, with clearly arranged and
able notes on the several sections explanatory of the
provisions contained therein, and containing references
to different cases which have already been decided, and
by which the interpretation of the clauses may probably
be affected, or their necessity was occasioned. These,
of course, will be chiefly valuable to the professional
reader, who will find much research exhibited, and
sound judgment displayed by the learned compiler
therein. A knowledge of the provisions of the other
statutes is,'however, very
.necessary, and
.a most
n romexcel-
lent compendium of their provisions
holding, or
if the Acts them-
mcaunchacinqourieresoaltphearfectiskngolwveleage of
twhhesicehenthace tlmayemntasn;
studied by
bseelvcelsosweleyre placed
peTrsoenfinrhsotldoi
ested in shares in any company, all relating to the dis-
tribution of the capital into shares, their transfer
and transmission ; the payment of calls, the means of
enforcing such payment, and the forfeiture of shares for
of cr e
moneyd creditors
andthoef theon vele rms ipo ann yo
f
thhoeldegresr
thrael
amppeoeintintmgse,ntaannddrLgtahttieonf
svooftidnire.
loans into capital, and consolidation of stock into shares;
g cbtoYrss,htharerr powers, proceedings, and liabilities ; the appointment and
duties of auditors, the accountability of the officers of the
company, the keeping accounts, and the right of inspection
thereof, the making of dividends and of bye-laws, the
' settlement of disputes by arbitration, the giving of no-
tices; the proof of debts in bankruptcy and tender of
awards, the recovery of damages not specially provided
for, and penalties, and the provisions to be made for
affording access to the special Act by all parties inte-
rested, are all clearly and distinctly set forth, so that any
person can at once acquaint himself with his rights and
privileges, his duties and liabilities.
The third statute relates to the construction of
the railway and the works connected therewith,
together with the powers of the company in re-
ference thereto, and their restrictions and
liabi-
lities—the compensation they must make, whether
pecuniary or by the construction of other works—for
the accommodation of adjacent lands—the serving of
notices—the making of bye-laws—regulating the use of
the railway—the carrying of passengers and goods—
and other points respecting the enjoyment and
use of the railway when constructed. The precedents,
which are arranged under the following heads, viz. :
freeholds, copyholds, common or waste lands,. lands in
lease,
mortgage, rent chaiges, lands in
noommminaatiloonnss ofof
surveyors, valuations of surveyors, and
jury pro-
uments ; are stated to be
trustees to receive compensation;
ceedings and miscellaneousi
underns different railway Acts,
adaptations of drafts framed arbitration;
appear to .
us to comprise every subject
passed before the Consolidation Acts came into opera-
tion, and
likely to come before, and.requirethe aid of the convey-
ance. The work also contains two full and comprehensive
is to l
o theolooked
ed legalo
indices. One to the acts and notes, the other to the forms
by which a reference to any point can at once be obtained
sd
deficient ewneti therein
known
paraecgtiTteioant evratlhuaetoanfy whichwo work
as next to useless ; no matter how valuable it may be
in other respects. On the whole
the task has been moat
ably performed by the learned
gentlemen whol under-
took it, and we feel convinced
that an early demand for
other editions will at the same time afford a handsome
profit, and enable them to/enlighten the public with the
additional experience to be derived from the cases every
day occurring, and of which we can venture to prophecy
the best use will be made by Messrs. Freud and Ware.

ACCIDENT AT HUNGERFORD PlER.—Yesterday after-
nehooarna,
cbteetrwoeceenurrthede hoonursboofardon e
thane dutuwzoe,n ansteamaceeidren,,tpo,c, awifiriicghhbtfulad
just started from Bungerford Pier towards the City, when it was
found that William Blake, aged 22, one of the stokers, had by sonic
means got jammed in the machinery, and had it not been for the
immediate assistance rendered him would inevitably have been
crushed to death. The poor fellow was taken to the Charing-cross
Tiospital, where it was ascertained that he had fractured both arms
besides sustaining other extensive injuries, and it was conaidared
that amputation must be resorted to. Tke unfortunate mikil
married, pad Byes at Arthuritrofat,