The Sun.
London, England, 1846-11-05 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY MORNING, NOVEMBER 5,
_lBl6.

as enabled to redeem their own position by hcnest
toil ; they should not so much be extricated from
their difficulties as enabled to extricate themselves.

Two addresses, recently addressed to his smaller
tenantry and workpeople by his Grace the Duke of
SUTHERLAND, and already published in The Sun of
the 2d instant, are so perfectly in accordance with
these views that we should feel ourselves in some
measure culpable if we allowed them to go unnoticed.
Those addresses are most honourable to the Noble Duke ;
they redound equally to the credit of his intelligence
and his benevolence. Gladly would we recognise all the
landlords of the United Kingdom emulating the conduct
of the Duke of SUTHERLAND, evincing both in word and
action the same paternal solicitude for the prosperity of
their tenants and labourers, striving with equal earnest-
ness to dissipate the apprehensions of the community
and presenting similar opportunities to the poverty-
stricken to support themselves and their children
during the inclemency of the winter. To form any
adequate notion of the generosity evinced by this
N obleman, it must be remembered that the smaller
tenantry of Sutherlandshire are in a more flourishing
condition than thousands in other parts of the king-
dom. Upon the evidence of a most respectable and
competent authority, the crofters and cotters of
that district pay merely from ss. to 2s. 6d. the
Scotch acre for arable land, and nothing whatever for
land not arable. According to the same testimony,
although these allotments are singularly diminutive,
their holders are, notwithstanding, in a more prosper-
ous condition than the same classes in any other
of the northern counties. It is to this generally
flourishing population that the Duke of SUTIIER-,
LAND has written two generous, sensible, recommen-
datory, and encouraging addresses. His Grace ac-
knowledges the receipt of a petition from the parish of
Clyne, and in reference to the nature of that petition he
at once endeavours to disabuse the public mind of the
erroneous impression that the potato murrain had
proved wholly disastrous. He assures those who are
filled with apprehension as to the consequence of the
presumed universality of the disease, that he has ob-
tained elaborate reports upon the subject from every
individual parish with which he is connected, that he
has scrupulously considered and compared those re-
ports, and that he has the satisfaction of finding that
they all, especially the more recent ones, concur in
stating that the calamity is less extensive than was pre-
sumed. Considering the excellence and abundance of
all other crops, and considering, moreover, that while
the vegetable blight has " prevailed to a lamentable
extent" in some directions, it has in others been
scarcely apparent. The Noble Duke declares to his
tenantry and workpeople that he has " every reason
to hope that there is no danger of famine." It is
after this satisfactory commencement that his Grace
enters upon the consideration of the pith of the emer-
gency. To avert any grievous effects, he re-
commends every one most strenuously to eco-
nomise the provisions which are still remaining to
them, and by that means to make up the
deficiency. For example, he solicits all those who
are " independent of potatoes as an article of food" to
abstain from consuming what is to them a superfluity,
but what is a necessity to the indigent. In his own
family and household he has adopted this course, and
consequently does not recommend a practice which he
is personally disinclined to follow. Immediately after
this recommendation the Duke of SUTHERLAND ob-
serves, " I fully concur in the opinion entertained by
persons most competent to judge, that if, to meet an
emergency, assistance becomes necessary to enable the
labourer to provide food, a supply of employment is
most desirable." These words embody the principle
upon which we would behold the behaviour of the
landowners throughout the island modelled.
Let active and remunerative employment be given
to the labourers, and the consequences of the present
failure in the potato crop will be advantageous to the
community, instead of being disastrous. Those whose
allotments are nothing better than scenes of vegetable
corruption will be enabled to purchase food from the
neighbouring markets. Those who are without
allotments will, by a moderate increase in
their wages, or, by a more continuous em-
ployment, be enabled to compete with the
higher prices of provisions. "If extraordinary
necessities require unusual exertions, such will
not be wanting," says the Duke of SUTHERLAND,
and meanwhile employment will be afforded to those
who are capable of bodily exertion, while to the 11P1p-
IC3b poor certain quantities of meal will he portioned
out by the parochial boards. Nothing could well
be devised of a more kindly or propitious
character. By these arrangements relief will
be lavished upon the necessitous without de-
basing the industrious population into paupers.
They will receive " a good day's wages for a good
clay's work," and with those wages compensate them-
selves for the failure of their allotments and for the
unusual costliness of provisions. If the different
landowners in England, Scotland, and Ireland would
only emulate the generosity and foresight of his
Grace the Duke of SUTHERLAND, the fears of the
poorer classes would be speedily dissipated, and the
pressure of the approaching winter altogether re-
moved.

The subject recently introduced by Mr. STEWART,
and which may be styled, after him, " A Free Trade in
Land," cannot be suffered to drop until its vast im-
portance is thoroughly appreciated, and the public are
made fully alive to the benefits that would be obtained
by a thorough and searching reform of the law of real
property.

On Saturday we alluded to the mischief's occasioned
by the restrictions attendant on the transfer or sale
of land, both as to the great expense and as to the un-
certainty of title. The owner of the soil is thereby
prevented from obtaining a sum of money on the
security of his lands, except at an expense of so exor-
Litant a character, that it acts as a total bar to hi■
adopting such a course for any temporary accommo-
dation. He may often be seriously embarrassed and in-
convenienced for the want of such accommodation, and
yet, with the means within his power, he is debarred by
the inequitable provisions of the law from availing
himself thereof; and improvements are neglected that
would otherwise have been carried into execution,
and the productive qualities of the soil are not de-
veloped to the extent that would otherwise have been
the case. When the fearful character of the visita-

tion by which our Irish brethren were afflicted be-
came fully known, when the enormous amount of
destitution was understood, and the means of profit-
able employment for the multitude, in order that by
their labour the national wealth might be increased
and multiplied, in place of being unprofitably con-
sumed, was anxiously canvassed and considered, the
eyes of all were directed to the waste lands of the
country. It appeared almost providential that there
should be six million acres of lapel yet untouched by
the spade or plough, of which more than four million
acres could be reclaimed and brought into cultivation
at a moderate expenditure, and which would undoubt-
edly repay from 10 to 20 per cezit. on the money
expended in the improvement. It appeared miracu-
lous that in a country where labour was so cheap and
abundant the land had been so long suffered to lie idle
and unproductive, but tge letter of :Mr. O'CONNELL—
a sound and practical lawyer—explained the anomaly,
and why it was that so little bad hitherto been done,
or could now be done, with respect thereto, viz., the
delay, difficulty, and expense attendant on the
making out and establishing a clear and marketable
(title, which should be deduced before capital-
ists would consent to employ their wealth in
the speculation. The owner had not the means
himself, and could not obtain the co-operation of
others from the legal impediments that exist. For
the same reasons fourteen minions of acres of land at
present in tillage, but undrained, unfenced, wanting
the necessary farm-buildings, and not producing one
quarter of what might be obtained under a better
system, are suffered to remain without the improve-
ments that would otherwise most probably have been
effectel. But this is not all that mischief. The value
of the land is materially decreased ; a large class of
persons, who would gladly in vest their money, are
deterred from entering the ma rket as purchasers. Mr.
STEWART has put this sir aply and well. He
says--" The greater the facility you can get in dispos-
ing of the land, the higher N rill be its value. The
greater ease, the less exp. ase which attends its
transfer, the greater will be :the number of persons
who will be disposed to deal in it, and if they can
part with it again as readily a s they have acquired it,
the less hesitation will they 1 lave in purchasing it."
Every legal practitioner is aware that there are

vast numbers of landed properties, which, although
they can be enjoyed with perfect securiy, cannot
readily be disposed of ; there is what is technically
termed a flaw in,or a blot on the title ; and if the
owner can, by any possibility, find a purchaser, it will
only be at a loss of several years' purchase-money.
Every condition of sale also lessens the value ;
the person about to buy regards not merely
the present interest, dividend, or annual pro-
duce that he can obtain for his capital
during the period he chooses to employ it in a prac-
tical channel, but, also, that should he desire to
realise it, and to call in his money, he may do so with
facility, and obtain the full amount expended. Any-
thing, therefore, that is calculated to deter future pur-
chasers diminishes the value of the property to him,
although at the time he may have no idea of disposing
thereof.

The expense of transfer consists of the costs of the
necessary deeds of conveyance, which, in the absence
of any special agreement, are usually defrayed by the
purchaser, and of the deduction of title, which
is borne by the vendor ; practically, how-
ever, all the expense falls on the latter.
The purchaser knows that he has to pay not merely
the sum agreed on, but also an unascertained amount
which he naturally calculated at the highest possible
point, and deducts from what he would otherwise bid
for the property. This expense is of a twofold cha-
racter—the first occasioned by the high and exorbitant
amount of stamp duty, and, secondly, to the verbose
and prolix terms in which the deeds of conveyance
are couched. Most beneficial alterations might be made
in both these respects, without any loss to the revenue
or the parties by whom the deeds are prepared; but
the most important of all the changes will be in the
simplifying the titles, and having the necessary
inquiry shortened and made at the same time cheaper
and more satisfactory. We shall:shortly offer a few
suggestions by which we conceive these great points
may be attained.

Letters from Zurich state that the Government of
the canton of Lucerne has sent circulars to the Go-
vernments of the other cantons, declaring that it does
not recognise the new Government of Geneva. This
is un peu fort on the part of the Jesuit rulers of
Lucerne, who themselves owe all their power to a revo-
lution, in which, with the aid of the ignorant peasantry
of the small mountain cantons, they overturned by
force the Liberal Government previously existing,
and usurped all the powers of the State.

Madrid papers of the 26th, 27th, and 28th ult. have
arrived. The Gaceta of the 28th publishes a dispatch
from the Captain-General of Saragossa, announcing
the complete restoration of tranquillity in that city.
Twenty-four persons were arrested, and sixty stands
of arms seized. The object of the revolters was to
proclaim the constitution of 1837.
The British squadron sailed form Cadiz on the 21st
in a westerly direction, supposed for Lisbon.
The accounts from Portugal are to the 21st. The
of that date mentions generally that the
cause of the Government was going on well, but
did not mention a single fact to bear out the
statement. The Spanish Ileraldo, on the authority
of a letter from Vigo of the 22d, declares that Oporto
has recognised the Lisbon Government. This state-
ment, however, is exceedingly improbable. On the
other hand, the Clamor Publico declares that the
insurrection was spreading in every direction, that
the Count DAS ANTAS, at the head of 2,500
men, had entered Coimbra, and was marching
OA Lisbon. The same journal publishes a
letter, dated Lisbon, October 21st, which states
that the Ist regiment of infantry, only 400 strong,
had left for Santarem, and was accompanied by the
KING as far as the place of embarkation. His MAJESTY,
says the writer, met with a cold reception from the
people, and returned to the palace in a state of dis-
couragement. Another account, in the same jour-
nal, states that the junta of Oporto was proceeding
actively in the organization of troops, and that the
insurrection was spreading on every point. It is
added, that the 11th regiment of infantry, which had
left Elvas by an order from the Government, had, on
its arrival at Estremoz, declared itself for the insurgents
and marched for Evora. Their example, it is said,
has been followed by the 12th Regiment. It is
reported that the inhabitants of Alentejo have joined
the insurrection, and formed themselves into regi-
ments, that a junta has been established at Beja, and
that Marvao and Port Alegre have pronouncrd against
the Government.

MADRID BoLsA, OCT. 28.—The Three per Cents.
were done at 3443- for cash, and 341, for paper. The
other securities had not changed.

Monday, being All Saints'-day, was observed as a
close holiday in Paris. The only paper published on
that day was the Courrier Francais, which does not
contain any news that could interest the English
reader.

King LEOPOLD was to leave Paris for Brussels on
Tuesday morning.
Marshal BUGEAUD was expected at Marseilles on
the 30th ult., to embark on board the Chameleon
steamer, for Algiers.
The Marseilles Courrier of the 29th ult. says—

" The favourable weather of yesterday has brought
into our port a considerable number of vessels laden with
corn. In the course of the evening 18 entered on qua-
rantine, and 28 with a clean bill of health. Letters from
Constantinople, by the last packet, state that 115 vessels
laden with corn had sailed for Marseilles."

In the Semaphore de Marseilles of the same date
we find the following extract of a letter from Smyrna,
of the 10th of October :
" The Austrian steamer, which reached Constantinople

yesterday morning, brought advices from Tenedos, stat-
ing that an English schooner, the name of which escapes
us, commanded by Captain Alexander Jones, lying at
anchor opposite that island on the coast of Troy, had
been boarded by pirates on the night of the 11th. The
seamen on guard having been murdered, and the re
mainder of the crew confined to the hold, the vessel was
stripped of all its rigging and valuable articles, &c., and
the captain of his money. It was believed that this act
of piracy was committed by the crew of one of the Greek
vessels anchored close by us."

The following accounts extracted from the French
provincial journals will give some idea of the horrible
destruction of life and property occasioned by the in-
undations :

" Official documents declare alit the loss at Roanne
alone of houses carried away by the late inundations
amounts to 200, and this number is being daily aug-
mented. Not less than 2,000 persons are without food
or raiment ; and to this amount must be added sixty
families belonging to the neighbouring communes.
"A letter from Cosne, dated the 24th ult., and published
in the Province, a journal of Moulins (Allier), contains
the following picture of horrors not before mentioned,
but which it is to be hoped are greatly exaggerated :
We have acquired the lamentable certainty that the
small town of Saint Firmin, above Briare, containing
about 600 souls, has been entirely engulphed, and that
the whole population have perished ! This horrible news
which was first circulated on the 21st, is this day con•
firmed by a letter from the President of the Tribunal at
Gien, which states that the banks are covered with dead

bodies. 'The inhabitants surprised in their beds were
unable to find any means of escape. The banks being
broken down let iu the body of the river at the back of
the town, so that these unfortunate beings were com-
pletely surrounded by a torrent, which every minute
narrowed its inner circle, and at last completely covered
them.'
" The little commune of Epercieu-St.-Paul, near
Feurs, has lost 42 houses out of 91. Upwards of 40 im-
portant domains have been ravaged between Montrond
and Feurs, on the two banks of the Loire. At Van-
chetto all the inhabitants of the low grounds were forced
to fly, and scarcely had they escaped when their houses
were inundated. The water was in general three feet
higher than in November, 1790."
Intelligence has been received from Algeria to the
24th October. The Echo d' Oran of that date has the
following:—
" Yesterday a column of troops marched from Oran,
and this morning the commander of the province set out
to place himself at its head. The departure of that co-
lumn in the directio❑ of Sidi Bel Abbes had already
caused some uneasiness, when a report arrived the a
grand rsteala had been executed iu the territory of the
Ouled Slimans, that a body of cavalry intercepted the
road between Oran and Tlemcen, and, finally, that the
latter was seriously menaced. We are enabled to ex-
pose the facts in their real light. The news of a move-
ment of the Emir towards the tableland, to effect a rax-
zia in tne Sahara, in the country of the Hemaines Cite-
ragas, is considered the more probable, as advice of that
movement has been given by those who were to suffer
from it. Later it became known that the Maia-Angads
of Morocco were preparing for a coup de mein. A corps
of cavalry of theirs, consisting of 300 or 400 men, had
even commenced its march. On the side of Tlemcen,
Bou Maza, having failed to induce the Beni Snassens to
join his standard, is now tampering with the Beni Snous
and Beni Bou Saids. Everything may be expected from
that fanatic ; and it would not be astonishing that he
prevailed upon those weakened tribes to follow him, and
thus intercept the communications with Tlemcen."
The Paris Bourse was agitated on Monday. Finding the
Government party too strong to allow the Funds to go down,
the speculators for the fall (Bears) turned all their attention
and all their malignity towards the share market, and suc-

erletled in depre&iug the shares of ne3rly all the lines in
France.

The Three per Cents. rinsed on the Paris Bourse on Men-
day at 82f. 70c. • the Five per Cents., 1171. 85e.; the Or-
leans Railroad Shares, 1,2351 ; Rouen, 905 f.; Havre, 683 f.
75c. ; Great Northern, 6651. ; Avignon, 872 f. 50e.; Vier-
zon, 5721 50c.; Bordeaux, 5321. 50e.; Basle, 218 f. 75e. ;
Fempoux, 4001 ; Paris and Strasburg, 4821. 50e.; Tours
and Nantes, 4901. ; Paris and Lyons, 5001. ; Lyons and
Avignon, 490 f. ; Bordeaux and Cette, 4751: ; Spanish Do-
mestic Debt, 33.
BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE

..-
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, NOVEMBER 3.
Boulogne and Amiens, 1434—Bordeaux, Toulouse and Cette
(Espelete), N —Dutch Rhenish, 5 —East Indian, —Luxembourg,
134-3ladras, Nellore, and Arcot, % —Namur and Liege, 3%—
Northern of France Constituted, 11% —Orleans and Bordeaux, 7%
—Paris and Lyons Constituted, s%—Paris and Strasbourg Consti-
tuted, 4% —Sambre and Meuse, 4%.

IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT.
HOUSE OF LORDS, Nov, 4.
Parliament was prorogued today by Commission to
the 12th of January, 1847.
Shortly after half-past two o'clock the Lord Chan-
cellor, the Earl of Auckland, and Lord Campbell, robed
as Lords Commissioners, took their seats in the
House of Lords, for the purpose of further proroguing
Parliament.

_
Mr. Pulinen, the Deputy Usher of the Black Rod,
was then commanded by their Lordships to summon the
Commons to the Bar to hear the Commission for pro-
roguing Parliament read.
Shortly afterwards, Mr. Win. Ley, attended by seve-
ral of the officers of the House of Commons, appeared
at the Bar, and the Commission having been read by the
Clerk at the table,
The LORD CHANCELLOR, in her Majesty's name,
declared the present Parliament prorogued to Tuesday,
the 12th of January next, and it was prorogued ac-
cordingly.
There was not a single Member of the House of Com-
mons present.

COURT CIRCULAR.
WINDSOR, WEDNESDAY.—Her Majesty and Prince
Albert took their usual morning walk.
Prince Albert, accompanied by the Duke of Bedford,
the Marquis of Exeter, Earl Spencer, the Right llon. C.
Wood, and attended by Captain the Hon. Alexander
Gordon, Equerry in Waiting, enjoyed the sport of
shooting.

The Royal Family took their accustomed exercise this
morning. Her Royal Highness the Princess Helena was
taken an airing to-day.
Mr. and Lady Mary Wood left the Castle to-day.
Her Majesty and Prince Albert rode out tl-is after-
noon in a pony carriage and pair, the Prince driving.
In a second carriage were the Duchess of Bedford,
the Marchioness of Exeter, the Countess Spencer, and
Lady Portman. The Equerries in Waiting to her Ma-
jesty and his Royal Highness attended on horseback.
The royal dinner party at the Castle this evening will
include the Duke and Duchess of Bedford, the Marqu's
and Marchioness of Exeter, and the Earl and Countess
Spencer.

The band of the Scots Fusileer Guards attend during
dinner. Her Majesty's private band afterwards attend
in the Castle.

Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Gloucester ar-
rived at Gloucester House on Tuesday, from Richmond.
A deputation from the London Missionary Society,
consisting of Mr. Sheriff Challis, Mr. Combs, Rev. Dr.
Morrison, Rev. John Burnet, and the Rev. Arthur
Tidman, (secretary), had an interview with Viscount
Palmerston at the Foreign-office yesterday.
The Earl of Auckland gave a dinner to the Cabinet
Ministers yesterday evening, at his residence in the Ad-
miralty. The Marquis of Lansd mule arrived in town in
the afternoon, from his seat B )wood Park, Wilts, and
joined his colleagues. The Lord Chancellor, Lord John
Russell, the Earl of Minto, Sir George Grey, Viscount
Palmerston, Earl Grey, the Chancellor of the Exche-
quer, Sir John Hobhouse, Lord Campbell, Viscount
Morpeth, the Earl Gf Clarendon, and the Marquis of
Clanricarde, were also present.
The Ecclesiastical Commissioners had a general
meeting yesterday. There were present the Archbishop
of Canterbury, the Bishop of London, the Bishop of
Ely, Lord John Russell, the Judge of the Prerogative
Court, and the Right Hon. H. Goulburn.
A deputation from the directors of the Windsor,
Staines, and South-Western Railway had an interview
with Viscount Dlorpeli on Tuesday, at the office of the
Woods and Forests in Whitehall-place. The deputation
consisted of Colonel Wood, M.P.; Mr. Lacy, Mr. Bed-
borough, Mr. Chadwick, Mr. Home, and Mr. Drake.

A deputation, consisting of Captain Bulkeley, Chair-
man of the Windsor Railway ; Mr. C. Russell, Chair-
man of the Great Western Railway ; Messrs. Fowler,
Davis, Roberts, and Darvill, of Windsor ; and Mr. Saun-
ders, Secretary of the Great Western Railway, had an
interview with Viscount Morpeth yesterday at the office
of the Woods and Forests.

Mr. Ker Hamilton had an interview with Earl Grey
at the Colonial-office yesterday.
The Right Hon. E. Strutt had an interview with the
Earl of Clarendon at the office of the Board of Trade.

The Chancellor of the Exchequer arrived in town
yesterday from Windsor Castle.
Sir John and Lady Shelley arrived at Farrance's
Hotel, Upper Belgrave• street yesterday from Newmarket.

SPORTING INTELLIC4RNCEI
NEWMARKET COURSING MEETING.—TuEsDAy.

TINE DERBY. .
Mr. Arabia's Ajax beat Mr. Gillett's.Glentilt.
Lord Stradbrok.',. Trot..* l,cttt Dlr. King's Runjeet Sing.
Mr. Bennett's Willy beat Mr. B. Smyth's Shakspeare.
Lord Stradbroke's Mentor beat Mr. Vipan's Van Tromp.
Mr. Dobede's Dutchman beat Mr. Moody's Roadster.
Mr. Fyson's Fireway beat Mr. Anstruther's Coiner.
Mr. Fyson's Farmer's Boy beat Mr. Drinkald's Envoy.
Mr. Vipan's Victory beat Mr. Dobede's Doubtful.
THE. CUP.
Mr. B. Smyth's Knight Marshall heat Lord Stradbrolie's
Mainmast.
Lord Stradbroke's Mace beat Mr. Squire's Damask Rose.
Mr. Dobede's Dunkirk beat Mr. Gillett's Goldfinder.
Mr. Fyson's Figaro beat Mr. Vipan's Vanguard.
Mr. B. Smyth's Spinster beat Mr. Arabin's Attleboro'.
Mr. Fyson's Farmer beat Mr. Anstruther's Conjuror.
Mr. Moody's Rachael beat Mr. Bennet's Winchester.
Mr. King's Regina beat Mr. Dobede's Dowager Queen.
THE OAKS.
Mr. Vipan's Vesta beat Mr. B. Smith's Sarelia.
Mr. Fvson's Fair Maid beat Mr. Anstruther's Clementina.
Mr. Dobede's Daisy beat Mr. Fyson's Fancy.
Mr. Gillett's Goody beat Mr. Arabin's Ales.
Mr. Gillett's Gipsy Girl beat Lord Stradbroke's Minikin.
Mr. Dobede's Dolly beat Lord Stradbroke's Mouche
Mr. Bennet's Wildair ran a bye.
Tim PORT STAKES.
Mr. B. Smith's Steamer beat Mr. Gillett's Graciosa.
Mr. Fyson's Fenman beat Mr. Dobede's Destiny.
Mr. Fvson's Fenella beat Mr. Dobede's Duchess.
Lord Stradbroke's Mac beat Mr. Vipan's Vampyre.
Mr. Moody's Rhea beat Mr. Icing's Rosetta.
Lord Stradhroke'a Marshal beat Mr. Gillett's Gitana.
Mr. Arabin's Alpha (late Favourite) ran a bye.
BETTING AT MANCHESTER.—TUESDAY.
THE DERRY.
7 to 1 agst Lord Eglinton's Van Tromp—taken 8 to 1
15 to 1 agst Mr. Mostyn's Planet—taken several times
15 to 1 agst Mr. Bowes's Epirote
23 to 1 agst Mr. Payne's Sis. to Cobweb colt—taken
33 to 1 agst Mr. Mostyn's Glentilt—taken
40 to 1 agst Mr. Mostyn's Miss Iris colt—taken
40 to 1 agst Mr. Gully's Tantivy—taken
40 to 1 agst Mr. Bowes's Lunedale—taken.
The field agst ten.
5 to 1 agst Scott's Lot.

will
EEASTERN COUNTIES
T .tL
historical romance " Caesar Borgia,"
nworkku. g order in
About a forinight. l
uar author of " White-
CJESAR BORGIA.—The pop
f•
iaiirisEw;ATi y•nF
sDT he
new
BRANCH
AOII double O
be
possesses the recommendation of entering up on a subject
with which the general reader is unfamiliar. The
state
world
of the great capital of the Christian
under
the
government of the terrible Pope Alexander VI., and i
relations with the principal states of Italy at this turbu-
lent period, afford materials to the romencist of extraor-
dinary interest, which in such able hands were
being wrought into a striking and picturesque r
sure of
narrative;
and though the adventures of Cmar
and
Lucrezia
Borgia form the principal features of the story, the
author's numerous admirers may be satisfied that
tact is only exceeded by his imagination, his
becoming. acquainted with the members
and thais t while
celebrated family, the most fastidious reader will meettoo-
with nothing objectionable to good morals. The scenes
nevertheless are said to be worked out in the richest
colours of the sunny land to which they belong, and in
the different sources of interest of which the author has
so well availed himself he appears to realise a combina-
tion of the elowine• warmth of Boccacio with the chaste
fidelity of Manzoni.
A POACLIER SHOT.—During Friday night last, as
the gamekeeper at Fillingham, near Lincoln, was going
his rounds, he encountered four poachers, and the issue
was a struggle in which the life of one of them was sa-
crificed. The decea,ed struck the gamekeeper with his
gun, which at the instant went off and shot its owner.
THE TERRIBLE STEAM-FRIGATE.—We have re-
ceived the most gratifying accounts of the performances
of the Terrible steam-frigate, Captain Ramsay, which
surpass all the expectations we have formed of her im-
mense capabilities. Some time after she joined Sir W.
Parker's fleet she was ordered to take in tow the Hiber-
nia, 104, the flag-ship, and try her powers. She accord-
ingly made fast, and, with a stiff wind abeam and a
heavy sea, she towed the old ship at the rate of 64 knots
an hour. She afterwards towed her directly against a
head wind and much swell, when she attained a speed of
seven knots, Subsequently she towed the Hibernia right
before the wind, and run away with her with great ease
at the rate of above 10 knots an hour. Comment is un-
necessary;
but is it not monstrous to class such a vessel
with that broken-down abortion of the Navy-office, the
Retribution?
ATTEMPTED SurclDE.—On Sundry, the Ist inst.,
Captain David Thomas, of the su.ack Nalpas, of Swan-
sea, attempted to destroy himself in the cabin of that
vessel, then at anchor in Catwater, Plymouth. The Mal-
pas, which burdens about 50 tons, had delivered a cargo
of stone coal at Southampton, and came in belles:: to
Plymouth to take copper ore to Wales. While at
Southampton the captain had indulged too freely in in-
toxicating liquor, and suffering severely from its effects,
left that port for Plymouth. During, the panne he be-
came deranged, and on Saturday night v.as confined in
the Plymouth police station. On Sunday morning, he
appeared recovered, and joined his ship. When on board
he armed himself with the pump break, and, imagining
there were strange persons below, paraded the deck,
threatening destruction to any one that should approach
him. The mate concealed the raz )rs and went ashore
for assistance. On returning, the wretched man was
discovered bleeding and insensible on the cabin floor.
He had inflicted a dangerous wound in his neck by
probing it with the chart dividt rs, and had afterwards
attempted to destroy himself with his pocket clasp knife.
Timely surgical aid having been administered, he is now
in a fair way of recovery.

WORCEST. TENBURY, AND
LUDLOW RAI LWAY.

A special general meetinZ of the shareholders in the
Worcester, Tenbury, and Ludlow Railway Company was
hold yesterday morning at the offices ()Rile company, for the
purpose of determining the propriety or otherwise of
again applying to Parliament for the Bill next session,
and for the purpose of considering and approving of
any further call on the capital of the company to meet
the required deposit in the Court of Chancery, and on
other special business ; Mr. James Davies, one of the
directors, in the chair. _ _

The SECRETARY stated that a private meeting of the
directors had been held that morning, at which the fol-
lowing resolution was unanimously agreed to :—" That,
under the extraordinary circumstances which have trans•
pink' respecting Captain Richardson, and the subsequent
prosecution of him at the Old Bailey, he be expelled
from his office of chairman of this Company, and also
from being a director."
The CHAIRMAN stated that the shareholders had been
called together to determine what they would do upon
learning that a rival company was in the field, and sur-
veying the line to go to Parliament next year. The
Company's proceedings had been exceedingly unfortu-
nate, and the expenses very heavy, but still it was for the
shareholders to consider whether they could not sell
their plans and sections, or improve their prospects by
putting themselves in a defensive position for the ensuing
session.

Mr. FRY, in answer to a question, stated that an
agreement was originally come to with the Porthdyn-
laen Company, but since Government had fixed upon
Holyhead as their harbour of refuge, the Great Western
Company had abandoned their line and repudiated the
agreement. _ _ _

—Mr. KNCCIES said, that before determining what
course they ought to pursue, they should know how
their funds stood.

Mr. FRY replied that Mr. Knocks himself had inves-
tigated the accounts, and the result of that investigation
was disclosed at their last meeting, when it appeared to
be satisfactory. Mr. Fry then entered into a detailed
statement of the proceedings that had been taken against
Captain Richardson, remarking that the directors had
taken possession of the sum of 3,2001., which was found
in Captain Richardson's house immediately after
his arrest, but the money could not at pre-
sent bo touched, because one or two of Captain
Richardson's creditors were taking legal proceedings to
have it applied to the liquidation of their claims. The
money was found concealed between the leaves of a book,
and he had no doubt it was part of the funds of that
company. He had been a good deal troubled in the
matter, and so cleverly had Captain Richardson, pre-
vious to his arrest, duped him with assumed endeavours
to discover the real culprit, that he (Mr. Fry) was actu-
ally watched to his own house at Sydenham, and sus-
pected of being concerned in the fraud.—(Laughter.)
A PROPRIETOR wished to know if it was intended to
take any further proceedings against Capt. Richardson ?
Mr. FRY replied that if counsel advised any it would
be for the shareholders to decide whether they should
be taken or not.—(Hear, hear.)
A PROPRIETOR asked how the directors came to ap-
point Captain Richardson as chairman ?
Mr. FRY replied that he was introduced to them by
Mr. Attwood, the banker, who said he intended to make
him Member of Parliament for Harwich.

Mr. Haumsa, one of the directors, said the directors
thought, under existing circumstances, and in the present
sate of the money market, it was not advisable to go to
Parliament again. There was, however, the Shrews-
bury and Hereford Company, who would be glad of
their plans, and the Oxford, Worcester, and Wolver-
hampton, with whom they could negotiate. To the
first company their line would be invaluable,
while he knew, for a fact, that the latter
company looked upon it with a jealous eye, and he
had no doubt when they found there was a narrow gauge
interest in the field they would be too glad to get hold
of it.

Mr. ARDEN suggested that under these circumstances
the meeting had letter be adjourned till a future day,
the directors undertaking to negotiate with any com-
pany disposed to take up their line, and generally to do
everything calculated to secure and advance the inter-
ests of the company.
A lengthened discussion then arose upon the expe-
diency of again prosecuting Captain Richardson, but
eventually it was determined to leave the matter in the
hands of the directors.

A resolution in accordance with Mr. Arden's sugges-
tion, and adjourning the meeting till the 2d of Decem-
ber, was then agreed to, and a vote of thanks having
been passed to the chairman, the meeting broke up.

LORD MAYOR'S DAY.—It is arranged that the line
of the pageant shall be from Guildhall along King-
street, Cheapside, Poultry, Cornhill, Gracechurch-
street, King William street, Arthur-street to Fish-
monger' Hall, London-bridge, where his Lordship and
the Civic authorities will embark and proceed to West-
minster Hall, returning from thence to Blackfriar's-
bridge, and disembarking at the new pier, will, after
meeting the Learned Judges in Fleet-street, proceed to
the banquet at Guildhall.
EARLY SITTING OF THE CITY POLICE-COURTS.—
Sir George Carroll, the Lord Mayor elect, has signified
his intention of commencing the proceedings at the
Mansion-housePolice-court,every day during his mayor-
alty, at ten o'clock instead of twelve, as at present. This
plan, it is understood, will also be adopted at Guildhall,
the Bankruptcy, and other City courts.
GREAT TROTTING MATCH FOR .50/.—On Tuesday
the match between Mr. Robson's grey horse and Mr.
Baker's brown mare, to trot two miles in harness, for
251. aside, came off at Wimbledon-common. At the start
the mare took the lead and was gaining on her opponent,
when she broke out to a gallop and was pulled in. The
grey horse passed her, and coneltded the first mile in
3 min. and 37 sec. In the next half mile the mare had
come up to her adversary, and both horses were pressed,
when the mare took the lead, which she maintained,
and ultimately went in the winner by 15 yards, and
covered the two miles of road in 7 min. 10 scc.
It is stated that some disagreement has arisen be-
tween the South-Eastern and Brighton and South Coast
Companies respecting the use of the Bricklayers' Arms
station by the latter.
REDUCTION IN THE PRICE OF BREAD.-011 Tuesday
there was a general reduction of one penny in the 41b.
loaf, in Lambeth, Bethnal-green, Whitechapel, and
Tottenham-court-road; the best being 71d., and house-
hold 61d. The West-end bakers still, however, maintain
the same price, 81d. and 10d.
MAILS Fon BRAZIL, &c.—On Tuesday notice was
issued at the General Post-office, St. Martin's-le-Grand,
that her Majesty's brig Peterel, Captain Cresor, would
sail for Falmouth, with the mails for Madeira, Brazil,
Buenos Ayres, Rio Janeiro, Monte Video, Bahia, and
Pernambuco, on the arrival of the post from London of
the evening of the 4th instant.
CONSUMPTION OF TURNIPS.—The common white
globe turnip is selling freely in this market at ls. per
cwt. The supply is scarcely equal to the demand. The
crop is an excellent one, in many cases fully 40 tons to
the acre, and yet how difficult it is to persuade some
poople to sow turnips. At what time were potatoes
worth 401. an acre ?—Downpatride Recorder.
GLUTTONT.—SeveraI citizens of Craborchard, Ken-
tucky, certify to the Louisville Democrat, which pre-
viously doubted the story, that on the day of their late
election a man named Richard Evans, in the open street
and broiling sun, on the top of the stage, in presence of
all who were about the polls, made his dinner on
fourteen chickens, drank forty cups of coffee, nine pints
of whisky, and ate ginger cakes and other things in pro-
portion, End called for more chickens. Before dinner

lie weighed 138 pounds; after, 148 pounds. If he had
been hungry he could have eaten an ontire mutton, and,
with a little practice, gone the "whole hog." This goes
ahead of all the gormandizing I have ever known, though
I have heard of extraordinary feats in that line in Phila-
delphia in my youthful days. Not long since a nobleman
in England laid a bet with an associate of his, that he
would produce a man that would eat against any man in
all England The bet was accepted, and the parties met
at Doncaster at the appointed time. His Lordship could
not attend, but sent his agent to see fair play and apprise
him of the result. In due time he received, by post, the
following lines from the agent :
" Doncaster, June 15, 18—.

" Dear Sir,—The mail is just closing, and I have only
time to say to your Lordship, that your man has beat his
antagonist by a pig and an apple pie."
Evans might challenge the victor an the above contest.—
Ames icon paper.
PILCHARD FISHERY.—NEWQUAT. On Monday
evening last, the driving boats brought in from 5,000 to
15,000 very fine pilchards, and very large shoals were
seen about a mile and a half or two miles of Towan
Head. The crew of a boat that was going out to a vessel
passed through a large shoal, and actually took up with
their hands ninety-two fine fish. The crews were all
mustered on Monday evening and Tuesday morning.
St. Ives—On Tuesday last the bay was found to be full
of fish, and about twenty seans were shot. The follow-
ing are the estimated quantities inclosed, which, from
the favourable state of the weather, are likely to be all
landed:—Hichens and Co., 5,000 hogsheads; Wearne
and Co., 5,000; Tremearne and Co., 4,000; Bolithe and
Co., 3,000; Architect Co., 3,000; Union Co., 1,000;
Faithful Co., 2,000. Total, 23,000 hogsheads. Pendeen
—On Tuesday morning last, the sears at this place was
shot, on a large shoal of pilchards, but in consequence
of there not being any men in pay, only a few hogsheads
were saved.—Falmouth Packet.
The new Recorder of Bristol, R. B. Crowder,
Esq., Q.O , successor to Sir C. Wetherell, took his seat
on Monday. This gentleman is also appointed judge of
the Tolzey Court. It was expected that in his first
charge to the grand jury he would have introduced him-
self to the citizens by some reference to the circum-
stances which led to his appointment, but he entered at
once upon the cases enumerated in the calendar. It is
stated that counsels' opinions have been taken by some
parties as to tha legality of this appointment, by the
Government, to the judgship of the Tolzey Court. His
salary as recorder is 4001 per annum, and as judge of
the Tolzey Court 2001. ; in addition to which 100/. a .
year is allowed for travelling expenses.
OPENING or TIIE PORTS.—The decision of the
Cabinet not to open the ports for the free admission of!
foreign grain is satisfactory to all p trties in Liverpool,
with the exception of the speculators and a few extreme
free trade advocates. The opening of the ports would
not influence one single cargo to this countr:,,, nor re-
duce the poor man's loaf the smallest fraction of our
least coin, but would for the moment have given an im-
pulse to speculation, and have put the amount of duty
into the pockets of the present holders and foreign
growers. The fire in the corn market seems subsiding,
and prices in Liverpool are somewhat easier this week,
with a slackening in the demand ; and as the shipments
from America come forward prices will, no doubt, re
cede, even if the farmers continue to keep back supplies.
Speculation, and not the wants of the trade, is the cause
01 the late rapid adrance.—Liverpool Albion,

MONEY and COMMERCTAL NEWS.
(From The Sun of Last Night.,
The sales of Cotton in the Liverpool market yester-
day fell oft; being about 3,000 bales. There was no
change in prices. American sorts were 4d. to 61511., and
Surat 3,1 d. to 48d. per lb.—Shares were rather higher.
The sale was well attended. The Regent's Canal and
ITurgerford Bridge shares divided attention. The rail-
way shares went off better, though not so well as ex-
pected. All French shares flat and low. .
Great Western of Bengal £0 8 6
East Indian
Yorkshire and Glasgow Union 0 10 6
Armagh, Coleraine, and Portrush
Shrewsby., Wolverh., and South Stafford 1 9 6
Leicester and Bedford
Eastern Counties, York Extension ......
Manchester and Southampton, 1846. 1 0 0
East Lincolnshire
Loudon and York ... 1 18 0
South-Eastern and Dover, No. 4
Manchester, Buxton, and Matlock. -..
Shropshire Union and Canal
East and West India Docks and London
and Birmingham Junction
Boston, Stamford, and Birmingham
London and Croydon, Thirds 9 15 0
London and Manchester (Remington's) 010 0
Oxford, Witney, and Cheltenham 0 8 0
Regent's Canal
Hungerford Bridge
Paris and Rouen
Direct Northern 1 14 6
Namur and Leige

There are very satisfactory results stated in
reference to the commerce of Belgium during
the year 1845. The foreign trade of the
country appears to be annually increasing, and
the total amount represented thereby was, last year,
677 millions of francs, the imports being reckoned in
that amount for 3674 millions. On the year 1844 this
shows an increase of 19 per cent. The exports in 1845
were for 3094 millions of franc, being an increase of
9 per cent., and of this amount Belgian pro-
ducts are represented by the sum of 184:1 millions
-
of francs. The foreign commerce of 1845 was carried
on to the amount of 299 millions of francs by sea, and
378 millions by land ; the Belgian shipping employed
carrying to the amount of 821 millions of francs, and the
foreign 2161 millions. The English vessels form a pro-
portion of this foreign tonnage of 861 per cent., the
American of 124, the African and Asian of 1-10th, and
the French of 24-100th.
The following is an extract of a letter received by
Messrs. Keeling and Hunt, dated Cork, Oct. 27:
"The corn market here is steadily advancing. Prime
wheat being worth 355. to 365. per bag of 21 cwt.
" I consider the remarks of the Times some days past
extremely probable that wheat will bring 5/. per quarter
before next August.
" In fact, the deficiency to be made good is greater
than is generally known, and in all likelihood this de-
ficiency cannot be made up in corn, therefore other arti-
cles of consumption will be brought into consumption,
such as American beef, pork, cheese, rice, &c.
" At present these articles are not much sought for,
as the farmers, for want of feeding for their cattle and
foals, are forcing them to market, to get rid of them ;
so that about January or February next, I calculate that
holders of the above stuff, or of the like sorts, will obtain
good prices."
The funds have not been quite so well supported to-
day, there having been a slight diminution in the amount
of the purchases. Consols for present transfer have
realised 944 4, and for time 944 Exchequer Bills
have been marked 7s. to and East India Bonds
under 10001., 18s. premium. The market for the Un-
funded Debt seems rather weak. Bank Stock is quiet
at 205.
The foreign investments have been rather neglected.
Spanish Three per Cents are 37 to 374. and Portuguese
Four per Cents. 384 to 39. Brazilian New Bonds have
been at 84. Equador Stock is again at 34.
The merchants and others interested in the South
American trade have signed a memorial to Lord Pal-
merston, praying the interference of Government
against the expedition fitting out here and in Spain,
under General Flores, against the republic of Equador.
Shares are again very firm. Aberdeen have touched
par, Caledonian discount, Scottish Midland a prem.,
and North British 3841.

ONE CLOSING
PRICES OF BRITISH FUNDS. O'CLOCK. PItICZs.
Bank Stock 905 204,
3 per Cent. Reduced Anns 93%141/2 931/
3 per Cent. Consols Annuities 941/2343%74 94%
New 314 per Cent. Annuities 951/4% 95%-
Long Annuities toexpireJan.lB6o 97/8 IZ.-16 9 15-16
Ditto 30 years, Oct. 10,1859
Ditto 30 veart, Jan. 5, 1860 lOl/8 1-16 10 1-16
India Stock
India Bonds, 1,000/.
Ditto under 1,0001...
South Sea Stock

Ditto New Annuities ... 941/4 9-11/(3
Consols for Account 94%34 9-11 A
Exchequer Bills, 10001. 114 d.... 710— p 10 p
I )it; o, 5001
Ditto, Small

ONE
O'CLOCK

CLOSING
ruicEs

IRICES OF FOREIGN FUNDS
Brazilian Bonds
Ditto, New, 1829 and 1839 B4
Equador Bonds
Mexican, 5 per Cent. 1846
Portuguese Bonds, 4 per Cent
Ditto, Account
Ditto 3 per Cent. .
Ditto Account
Spanish 5 per Cent. 1840.
Ditto, Account .
Ditto, Indemnity
Ditto. 3 per Cent
Ditto. Account 371,g 371,4
Dividends on the above payable in London.
Belgian 41/2 per Cent
Dutch, 21/ pa Cent .
Ditto, 4 per Cent. Certificates 92 92

PRICES OF PAID BUSINESS DONE CLOSING
RAILWAY SHARES D' AT ONE O'CLOCK. PRICES.
Aberdeen
Amber., Nett.' Boston,
and Eastern Junction 2% 23A %
Armagh, Coleraine, and
Portrush l% -- -
Aylesbury and Thame.. 1%
-
Belfast & County Down 434 ..... .
Birmingham and Dudley 495. ... .. 4% p 4% p
Birmin. and Glaucester..loo - -
Ditto New 17% - •••• - -
Birmingham and Ox-
ford Junction
Birkenhead, Lancashire,
and Cheshire June.... 23A -
Boston, Stamfd, & Birm. 225. - -
Bristol and Exeter 75 -
Ditto, New - ... -
-
Bristol
Bristol
andand
Liver.G Gloucester... u c efuenr
c. .. .. 321/2
.0 . .. .. ..
.. .. _
.- - .... . . .
-
Buckinghamshire
Caledonian
Ditto Half Shares.... 21/i 2% ... 2%
Cambrian & Grand Jane 42s ...... - -
Chester and Holyhead... 2714 24
Chumet and Blythe 2 - ••• .......... . ._.
Chester and Manchester 425. -
-"Cheltezham and Oxford 2 ...... - .
- ..... -
,esdßallaectinocckti,on.an. .d.. 20
Passages - ............... -
............... -
CCCoolYprrk and Ittalss
Killarney ... 2%
5 ..... - -- ........... -
CC,oornkwaanlld Waterford - ............ ... -
Ditto, Half Shares ... 21/2 -
........ ...
... _
Cornwall & Cent'l Devon 2% -
...
............ .
I )erby and Crewe 2% - ...............
Direct Lincoln, East Ret-
ford, and Sheffd. June. 2% -
...............
Direct Northern - ... .. ......
Direct Norwich - ..........
Dublin and BelfastJunc. 12% __ ....... .
Dublin, Belfast, and ........
Coleraine - .........
Dublin and Galway..... 4 - ..........
Dundalk & Enniskillen 10
EastenaCounties 14/. 16s. ..... .22 %% ...........
Ditto New
Ditto Perpetual, 5 per
Cent, No. 1....... 6/. 13s. 4d - ...............
Ditto ditto. No. 2,.. 6/. 13s. 4d - ... . .......
Do., York Extension.. 2
EastDereh'sn andNor'ch 1 -
Eastern Union
Ditto, Quarter Shares 83/4 -
Do. Exten.(llarwich) 1718 - ......
Do., Carnb. and Ely.. 21/2 - ... •••'•
East Lancashire ! ........ 14
4
Ditto, New ........ .. .. 5 .
East Lincolnshire - ... .
••. 81A
-
East & West of England 1% .4.. -
Edinburgh and Glasgow 50 ...... 79 ..
Ditto Half Shares ... 10
Ditto, Quarter Shares 12% -..••- ..
Edinburgh & Northern.. 121/2 l4 ... ......... ...
Edinburgh and Perth... 3
Ely and Huntingdon ... 12112
Enniskillen and Sligo ..• 214 -
Exeter,Yeovil,& Dorset 514, -
Glasgow, Kilruar., & Ayr 50 .....
Ditto, New
Do., V 4 Shares (5 per 15
cent. guar.) -
Glouc.,Abelystwith, and
Central of Wales
Goole, Doncaster, &c 42s. -
Grand Union (Notting-
and Lynn
Great Eastern &Western 21/2.-- - - ...... ••• ••
GreatGrimsby and Shef-
field - •••• • ••...••
Great South. and West.
(Ireland)
Great Munster ... 2%.... -
Great North of Scotland 2%...... -
Great Northof England..loo 236%
Ditto New 5 - ••• ...........
Ditto, New .
Ditto, New
Great Western B5 -
Ditto 14 Shares • 50 -
Ditto 4, Shares
Ditto Fifths
Ditto, New •.. 2
Hull and Selby 5O
Ditto 1/, Shares -
Do. Half Shares 25 -
Ipswich & Bury St. Ed m. 1114 _
Do., dr , and 'Norwich 2%...... -
Killarney Junctions 14...... _
........
....
..
Kendal and Windermere 11/ -
Lancaster and Carlisle... 50
Do. New
Larne, Belfast, and Bal-
lymena -
Leeds and Bralord 3O ...... -.. ....
Leeds arid Carlisle
- "' ...
Leicester & Birmingham 225. - ...
die....... ...
Leicester and Bedford 22s.
Leeds and Dewsbury ... 221,-f. -14
Lpool., llnchstr & New-
castle Junction - ...
Liverpool and Bury ... 14 .. ... - ..
London and Blackwall. 16/. 139.4 d. 914
Do. New - ......
Ditto Extension . , 7 % ...... -
London, Brighton, and
SOUtil C 044

71/2 I)
/
/4 r

3%

184
8%

-
12%

236 I,

30%
;4

(8
101/i

Adis,

9%