The Sun.
London, England, 1846-04-30 00:00:00

DUTCH MAIL.

TIIE HAGUE, Aran. 24.—The project of law for amending
the law relative to the commencement of the Fishery con-
tains the following article :
" By a temporary modification of the 26th Article of the
Law of the 12th of March, 1818, on the exercise of the great
fishery, the commencement of the great Seth herring-fishery
for the years 1846, and 1847, is fixed by way of trial, four-
teen days earlier than usual, and permission given for the
nets to be cast out into the open sea on the evening of the
16th of June, instead of the evening of the 24th of the same
month. It is observed further in the explanatory me-
morial—" It is well known that for some years past the
fishermen belonging to the States, where there are no legal
ordinances, or such as differ from those in this country re-
lative to the herring fishery, have with more or less suc-
cess: commenced the fishery at an earlier period than the
Dutch fishermen are allowed by Article 26 of the law of
March, 1818.
"This legislation is founded on long experience, that, in
general, it is not till the time there prescribed that the her-
ring, which is a migratory fish, is perfectly good in condi-
tion, and has reached the places most adapted for the fishery.
And if such herrings were now and then met with sooner
than usual, this did little injury to the Dutch fisheries, ao
long as other nations paid less attention to that fishery. The
case is now different, some foreign fishermen commencing
their operations sooner, make larger captures, and supply
Germany and other countries long before the Dutch (her-
rings arrive in our parts. Last year, according to the testi-
mony of all the pilots of the herring vessels, the herrings
in good condition, were on the coast of Scotland four-
teen days before the fixed time, and our fishermen
restricted by law, were compelled to see foreign fishermen
make their captures, which they could have made, without
detracting from the ancient reputation of the Dutch her-
ring. The consequence is that the Dutch capture smaller
quantities, and sell at lower prices for the herrings first
brought, because the sale in foreign countries was not se-
cured by the earlier supply. These motives have led the
parties interested to apply to the Government, which has
accordingly introduced the present project of law by way of
trial. In case this experiment should succeed, final regale-
tions will be made before the opening of the fishery for 1848,
to be substituted for the said 26th Art. of the Law of the
12th March, 1818 ; otherwise this temporary regulation will
fall to the ground, and the said 26th Article will continue in
force."

AMSTERDAM, Aram 27.—At this moment, four o'clock in
the afternoon, the Royal Family arrived at the Palace, and
appearing on the balcony, were received with marks of the
most cordial affection and respect by the crowd of spectators
assembled to welcome them.

THE HAGUE, APRIL 27.—1 n the sitting of the Second
Chamber of the States-General to-day, a letter was received
from his Excellency the Minister of the Interior, accom-
panying proposals relative to education and the manage-
ment of the poor. The central section made its report on the
project of law, respecting the granting of advantages to the
French commerce, the debate on which was fixed for Wed-
nesday next.

.....,....... .........
We learn., that in the projects of law, respecting the first
book of the penal code, now pending before the Second
Chambers of the States-General, various modifications are
proposed, among which is the abolition of the punishment of
the pillory.

LITERARY ASSOCIATION OF
THE FRIENDS OF POLAND.
This Association has just issued an "Address to the Peo-
ple of Great Britain and Ireland," signed by the Vice-
President, Lord Dudley C. Stuart, for the purpose of pro.
ducing a correct impression on the public mind of this king-
dom as to the claims of the Polish cause on universal
sympathy—the sufferings, heroism, and present condition of
the Polish nation. The document not only derives im-
portance from the recent and continuing events in Galicia,
but it derives a peculiar interest from the fact, that it is the
only address to the people of this empire which
the Association has thought it necessary to put forth
since that memorable appeal to the British people, " traced
by an immortal hand, that of Thomas Campbell," fourteen
years ago, upon the first institution of the Society. In the
present appeal the case of Poland is ably and eloquently,
although briefly stated, and it is to be trusted that it will
meet with the extended circulation and attention to which
it is eminently entitled at this critical juncture in the
affairs, at least, of Eastern Earope. In fact, the paper is
necessary to enable any one (except very few) in these
realms to understand the actual position of the Poles, and
their true relation to their oppressors. The following is a
complete but deplorable elucidation of the late atrocious
mysteries in Galicia :

" Galicia has been in the hands of the Austrians for now
seventy-four, years. It has always been the system of this
Government to rule its foreign subjects by fomenting discord
between different classes—such is its policy in Lombardy,
such was it for years in Hungary, such has it always been in
Galicia. Aware of the national feelings pervading all classes.,
but chiefly the bettet-mducated, it has adopted a system, art-
fully contrived for exasperating the feelings of the peasants
against their landlords, and preventing any concert between
them. The landlord is invested with great power over his
epseae
it.a It is h
nts, and
thee
rd whoilseendotleonlyal is calledbutlowed, on t
required
elrecdtloecet thexerts
taxes, to furnish recruits for the army, to try offences, and
even to inflict on offenders corporal punishment. It
not is
occur,
the attributes of
those uniting in their persons.
andposs iebvleenthirattleuynddeird such
not, at
he.ayts
thete m ,
peasants abuses shouldshould
oweany
good will to
and executioner. In every
the tax-gatherer, press- g
and decide their differences. This functionary is appointed
idsisttorihcetatrhaeprepciasisanfrooffimctehregsatpynaleas,danmtaanadgaaita.ar
siuts,thwe.ihro
landlords,s e duty it
by ment. Thus while the landlord is compelled to
discharge many of the duties belonging to the executive, and
to appear necessarily in the light of an oppressor, the repre-
tseeenttol.iveTohfeGloanvedrnlomrdsenht
aisveloorekepdeaotnedasly arefrpirenesednantedd
deliberation, improving th a
ge condition
red
on ao f
plant h o
tanptrhoe-
GooievteronimGeanitictihae,
anfteecressmituychof
footing,peforastahnetsp,usnrpodsep,lacwihnigehthwinasgsloanidabbefeotreterthe
Em pae andr t;hbeulta sitt.
was not sanctioned, and remained a dead letter." B

__HRGLARY AND ROBBERY AT PRINCE COMMON,
SIJRREY.--On Monday, Samuel Keywood, John Wentran, and John
Gordon, three
dwelling-house of Mr.
Cdsrohnydon, Phillips,o n a
afarmer, "navies; were examined before a magistrate at
charge
eef breaking into the en the border of Painge Common, Surrey,
and stealing therefrom one ten and four five pound Bank notes, and
between twelve and two o'clock
who is a very rooninTtiliie evidence
d it appeared that
also several articles of plate.
eccentric character and lives a
alone night
lastl M.
house, was
Phillips,
awoke by hearing the noise of footsteps on the stairs, and called out
lustily, " Who is there?" He had scarcely pronounced the words
when three me's with their faces blackened entered his bedroom.
He asked them what they wantel, they rushed towards his bed,
threatened they would kill him if he made the slightest noise, threw
the bed-clothes over him, and one of them held him down in the
bed while he heard the others " forraging " about the room. The
man held him down so tight in the bed that he was nearly suffocated,
and in this:state he (the prosecutor) called out to him:for God's.
sake to let him have a little air. The man, however, did not relax
in his pressure upon him until he had heard one of the others, who
had been forraging about, say he had found something. They soon
after went away, having, however, renewed their threats of killing
him if he made any noise, or attempted to follow them. Some UHIM
after the old man ventured to get up, and on examining his bedrooin,
he found that a tin box, in which he kept his cash and plate, had
been broken open, and its contents taken away. Information of the
robbery was given to the police, and Sergeant Morton, an active
officer of the P division, was employed to trace out the thieves. In
the course of his inquiries that officer found that at a late hour of
the night of the robbery the prisoners were seen loitering about the
house of the prosecutor, and he, in consequence, apprehended them
on Saturday night and Sunday morning. On compatrhiengvonileo.off the
shoes of the prisoner Keyward with some mark on i b
that thererom
which the property had been taken, it answered exactlystiiltt h d
could be no doubt whatever that the marks on e_ a et* a been
eared that keyword was no
caused by the farmer. It ai9o app
I th h I
basso, as hit wife had been n e ab tof (Meg
stranger to Phillips's
some odd Jobs for the old man. The prisoners, who denied the charge.
were remanded until Saturday next.
THE LEATHER-SELLERS, COMPANY AND THE FREE
GRAMMAR SCHOOL AT LEWISHAM.—Great excitement exists in
Greenwich and the neighbouring parishes in consequence of the
of the
re-
fusal of the Rev. Dr. Prendergast, D.D., the Head Master
Lewisham Free Grammar School, to receive upon the foundation or
that institution, founded by the will of the late .
the children that have for the past two years Abraham Celfeh
ously to the election at Easter last, the - been elected. Previ-
were addressed by the Rev. Dr. Prendergast,vestry-Clerks of each parish
stat-
ing, that as he did not consider the the Head Master,
Leather-sellers' Company an adequatesum of 301. paid to him by the
had communicated to the remuneration, the which he
him such an increase in company, and also that until they awarded
creased value of the estates,
salary in a proportionate; ratio to the in-
creased
of such school
he should decline receiving on the foun-
dation
have every scholar that might be sent to him.
passed, and yesterday a meeting was held on the sub-
ject, and - remonstrances have been made to the Leather-sellers' Com-
pany, from whom a more liberal allowance is required.
POWER OF THE SECONDARY TO COMMIT FOR CON.
TEMPT.—In the Secondary's Court on Wednesday, before Mr. Secon-
dary Potter, in a case otherwise of no interest, a witness
to refused to
answer questions, and the Secondary was applied to commit.
The Secondary said, he did not consider he had
he power
would tto do so, but
the Court above would exercise that power, and take, the
necessary steps to support any application—the effect would be in a
criminal cause to commit to prison, and in a civil proceeding the,
party would be liable to all the ooto of the suit.

CROUP
SOUTH-WESTERN (ALTON AND rium-
aaivi
The Committee on this group (Sir Charles Douglas in the chair,
and all the other members present) took the clauses of this Bill to-
day ; ana after a few amendments, which referred to private pro-
perty, the clauses were passed, and the report was ordered to be
presented.
Ejkl)1141G1 GUILDroup, AND REIGATE.
It haulm I>een ascertained that counsel were present on behalf of
the several petitioners, the Chairman wished to know which line it
was desirable to take, when Mr. Cockburn suggested that the longest
line should be taken, 'and when
was the, •
gai7dt,ltuuddatfoLd„,:del-
gate line.
s
Mr. Rol, who appeased Dr. Fellortweaes,
ested in neither of the near'l, but w about
particular
inter-
course,urs when he was interruptsd by's t(:)
'aggeBt
CaN, who conceived that h'
out of order, and after some further aconvisel'atinionealtrwriiritieweiradqtullitaet
should be -taken ; and
the Reading, Guildford, and Reigate bra-nrcTi
Mr. COCKBURN Opened the case by puttings through Mr. Noyes, one of the solicitors of thielilifthie,e.wthcr, suabluptirtotoefri
the returns required by the House of Commons last session i
which the names of the several officials of the Company we2rews.tea!i
The capital was 800,0001., the number of shares 40,000 of the whole of which were allotted. The deposit being 52,842/. les.;
no shares being reserved for provisional committee.
To the CHAIRMAN the witness replied, that about 6,060 shares had
been allotted to the provisional committee, upon all of which they
had paid.
The original subscribers' agreement was then put 111 and proved.
The money in hand was 11,1971. ISs. 4d., deposited with the Ac-
countant-General 57,8601. ; deposits on allotments 92,7381. 10s. ;
interest 3571. 13s. sd. ; expenditure 12,9881. 12s. ; engineering and
traffic 7,635/. 13s. 4d.; printing and stationery 2,3191. ltin. 6d.; sala-
ries, commission, &c., 1,0931. 16s. 3d.
To Mr. Bracwrrr, the witness explained that the broker's com-
mission was Is. 3d a share, but nothing had been paid for buying
and selling shares on behalf of the directors; the broker's commis-
sion amounted to about 1501.
Mr. Coexist:fax then proceeded to open the case, whim he was Pi-
terrupted by Mr. 3fellor stating that he should have to ask some
questions respecting the returns of the last witness ; bill Mr. Cock-
burn objected to that proceeding, and stated, that althottgh the Com-
mittee were perfectly competent to question the validity of the re-
turns, after, however, the returns had been received, although the
Committee would have tile right to question the svitriesses, they
would only have the power to report to Parliament upon the returns,
and that was the way prescribed by the resolution.
To this Mr. 3fitrzoa objected, and after reading part of the reso-
lution which expressed the rule, that in the event of counsel differ-
ing among themselves the Committee were entitled to decide the
question whether counsel should be heard or not,
Mr. Cockatran replied by citin the resolution, and stated tat
the Committee ought to require the returns to be produoced antih to
be 'refilled. This had been done by the witness; and tf the Com-
mittee entertained any doubt about it, he was quite prepared to go
into the whole case. If the Committee had any doubt whatever
lbogatth w es
the matter, they might exercise their power of cress-examin-
einiseswith the utmost strictness.
At this point the room was cleared, and when parties were rzi-
admitted, the Chairman declared that the Committee were of opinion
that the counsceloccop.zsiang To this Mr. the Bill have a right to cross-examine.
power of crots-exam'hjected, and said that he conceived if the
used now, or not at malign Was to be exercised at all, it should be
Mr. Tatalo'r stated that there was another alternative, and that
was to adjourn the case and hand over the papers to the opponents for
inspection.
It was at last agreed that the opponent should have the right
of going to the Committee Clerk's office, or to'tht
the company, and make what extracts they ples'-st,Pf ‘l'e solicitors io
The Committee then adjourned till 12 o'clock to-s from the returns morrow

GROUP XIX.
The Select Committee appointed to consider the merits of tlie
Schemes comprised in this group re-assembled at the usual hour this
morning in the Committee-room; Lord Harry Vane In the chair.
TE CHARD CANAL AND RAZZIXT.ax.
:The Cm3J/AMA:Ir intimated that the Committee were now desirous
of taking this case.
Mr. Sergeant Wit/INGRAM said the object of the promoters
this case was, to eonyelet time Chard canal into a railway.
nVie, canal connected the town of Ilminster with the town
er.Chard, and the proposed railway would give to those places a
COt nmunication with the metropolis by means of the Bristol and
Et, -iter Railway and the towns of Bridgewater and Taunton anti the
pros .used &Word. The line ran in the route by which the traffic
had uniformly passed ; while, as it was only required to fill up the
eau 1 and lay down the rails, it would not in any way interfere with

RAILWAY COMMITTEES
(YESTERDAY.)

ROUSE OF COMMONS. •
GROUP IV.
The Select Committee appointed to consider the merits of the Bills
included in the group reassembled at the usual hour this morning,
Mr. B. Hope in the chair.
THE GREAT NORTH OW SCOTLAND.
Mr. AstntEws opened the case for the promoters of this scheme.
The line was to run from Aberdeento the south of Inverness, and was
the last link of the chain of railway communication between London
and Inverness. The effect cf the formation of the line, therefore,
would be to give a communication between the whole of the south of
England and north of Scotland. It would pass through five
counties, namely, Aberdeen, Banff, Moray, Inverness, and Nairn,
which included 1,734 square yards of arable land, and a population of
318,000. The Southern terminus commenced at the Aberdeen ter-
minus of the Aberdeen Railway, and was connected with the docks
of Aberdeen, the population of which town alone was 70,000, and
ran on to Inverness, a distance of about 107 miles. Independently
of this main line, there were four branches--one to Banff, another to
Portsoy, another to Garmouth, and another to Barglaead ; and the
length of the main line and branches together was 137 miles. There
were two ether lines connected with this scheme—namely, the Eastern
Extension of the Great North of Scotland and the Alford Valley Rail-
way, but these would come before the Committee at a subsequent
stage of their proceedings. Out of the 137 miles they had 109 miles
of assenting owners, and this fact alone was sufficient to convince
the Committee of the high estimation in which this scheme was held
which the line
by the inhabitants of the different counties through
passed. New, with regard to the merits of thelineire,
eneewerashiaido
doubt the promoters were in the field first, and
ample opportunities for selecting the best linehetheaderainet
after a very careful survey, that the: districts engineer reported,of four
practical lines, but that upon the whole he recommended the line now
before the Committee. That engineer was
the districts through Mr. Gibb, a gentleman well
acquainted with Scotland, and particularly
thought it advisable to have
which this line passed, but the promoters
the four lines looked over by a gentleman who was not immediately
connected with or acquainted
with the district, and they, therefore,
secured the services of Mr. Cubitt. That gentleman, after care-
fully examining the
whole of the four lines, came to the same
conclusion as Mr. Gibb,
and he recommended to the promoters
the adoption of the line recommended by Mr. Gibb. The estimated cost
of the line was 1,500,0001., while it was calculated the working expenses
world33l. per cent. on that amount, leaving an ample balance to
be
be appropriated to a dividend Now this line was Opposed by the
promoters of three schemes. The first of them was the Aberdeen,
Banff, and Elgin Railway, which competed with the first section of
the Great North *1 Scotland from Aberdeen to Elgin, pursuing the
routes of Tarriff to Banff, and thence following the line of coast by
Portnoy and Callen to Elgin. The second was the Inverness and
Elgin Junction Railway, or a line from Elgin M Nairn,
which ran parallel to the corresponding portion of the Great
North of Scotland. The third was the Perth and Inverness,
a line which commenced near to Perth, and passing the line of the
Highland road across the Demuntains, proposed to strike the coast
at Nairn, from which point to Inverness it ran parallel to, and com-
peted with, the Inverness end of the Great North of Scotland Rail-
way. Now all these railways would be under separate manage-
ments, and would Involve breakages of line and stoppages between
the extreme terminus and the metropolis, while the Great North of
Scotland Railway would be under one management, and would in-
volve no breakage or change of carriage between Loud.. eioi In-
verness. The ruling gradient on the Great North of Scotland
was 1 in 242, but on the competing line some
of the gradients were of so objectionable a character that the line at
some parts could not be worked with the locomotive, while at some
points there was only line
a single of way. It avoided, moreover,
the population of the district, and he might say it would only
accommodate the grouse, while in the winter it would be liable to
interruptions from snow drifts, none of which objections could be
urged against the Great North of Scotland. On the whole, then, lie
considered that the Great North of Scotland would give better local
accommodation, better stations, better
termini, and better gradients,
and in the end he confidently anticipated its competitor would be
condemned to the tomb of all the Capulets.
Sir Andrew Leith Hay, aI.P., was the first witness called. Ile
raid hewas
Railway decidedly of opinion that the Great Nerth of Seotland
was the best that could be devised for accommodating the
trade
and traffic of the districts through which it passed. It was
the shortest and most direct line between Aberdeen and Inverness.
On cross-examination, the Hon. Baronet said he thought the rival
line was more liable to be interrupted in the winter season by snow
drifts than the Great North of Scotland tine.
The CHAIRMAN said it appeared to the Committee that there were
two lines before them for connecting Aberdeen and Inver-
ness which ran along the coast, namely, the Great
North of Scotland and Aberdeen, Banff and Elgin, and
Elgin and Inverness, and a direct through line known
as the Perth and Inverness, joining the second coast line at Nairn.
Now, the Committee thought the best course to be adopted was for
the Great North of Scotland to endeavour to show that the traffic of
the districts would not justify the construction of two lines namely,
a through and a coast line, and that in tins state of things their line was the best ; while, on the other hand, it was for the Perth and
Inverness, and the Aberdeen, Banff, and iglu. and Elgin and Inver-
ness Companies, to produce evidence tending to show that the traffic was quite sufficient to justify all these lines.
Mr. Sergeant Beeeesie said he should be prepared to show that
there was sufficient traffic between Elgin and Aberdeen to justly
the construction of a railway without having reference to a line
running from Elgin to Aberdeen, and of course it would be open to
him to prove that ihe Great North of Scotland did not give so much
accommodation to those places as the Aberdeen, Banff, and Elgin.
Mr. Sergeant WeArierfax said he appeared for the through line
from Nairn to Perth, which, as between Inverness and Perth, was ee
mle3 shorter than the Great North of Scotland; but the promoters
contended that the through line would n. t remunerate them without
they had the traffic between Inverness and Elgin in their own hands.
Mr. ANDREW 3 said he had intended to follow out the views of the
Committee, as intimated by the Chairman, by calling witnesses to
prove that the traffic of the district would only admit of one line,
and that under these circumstances the Great North of Seo.laud was
the most favourable scheme.
Lord Lovell gave evidence is favour of the Great North of Scotland
line. Ilia Lordship, however, admitted that the Perth and laver-
noes was the best for the through trafile.
The Committee adjourned shortly after four o'clock.

GRUP inf.
This Committee met at twelvOe in room Igo. 24. Present, Mr. Pai-
mer (in the chair), Lord J. Chichester, Colonel
Powell, Mr. H.
Staunton, and Mr. Seymour.
They proceeded with the ease of the
EDINZURGII AND NORTZIM.R.N (STEAT:I-
- DEVIATION) LINE.
The preamble of which was declared proved.
A hang discussion on the subject of the clans, s, In which Mr. Lang,
on the part of the promoters of the Bill; and Mr. Austin for the pro-
moters of the Scottish Central line, took a part, ensued, and occu-
pied the Committee for a considerable time.
A clause, to be numbered as clause 7, was proposed by the Ch.,ir-
man, the object of which was to provide, that compensation sitou:d
be given to Captain Hay, for any injury that he might sustain from
the passing of the line through his property. It was proposed, by
Mr. ArsriN, that this clause should stand over till Frliay, in
order that the Committee might hear the decision of the Committee
on Group No. 6, as to the Dundee and Perth line, in which a point
had been raised which resembled this. This proposal was assented
to; but, after some further discussion, it was agreed that the Ccni-
nsittee should adjourn until Friday, and they accordingly rose at
about half-past one o'clock, and adjourned till that day.

GROUP XIV.
SOTTTH-Ra.STERN AND nnaNeszs.
The Committee to which this group of railways is referred met to-
day, at half•past- twelve o'clock, in Room No 30 ; present—Mr.
Prstlieroe (chairman), Lord Eoalyn, Mr. J. O'Connell, and Mr.
Grogan. General Lygon was absent, in consequence of the death of
Lady Beauchamp.
Mr. Norton, of the firm of Hoggart and Norton, a valuer, was
called on the. part of the South-Eastern Company, by Mr. Mr.mte-
WETIIER.
Mr. TALairr (for the North Kent Company) said that his Learned
Friend had two or three surveyors presmt. It would be easy for the
:North Kent Company to call counter-evidence, a course which the
Committee would regret.
The committee decided on hearing one witness on either side.
Mr. NORTON stated that, the property proposed to be taken by the
North Kent, between Chatham and Loudon, would cost 486,8161. The
number of claimants would be 1,200 or 1,300. The sum mentioned
included nothing but the value of the property to be destroyed,
the rent of which is 17,400/. per annum.
By Mr. Temsox—Never valued any town property for a railway,
company. Cannot say how many houses to be taken down were oc-
cupied by weekly tenants. Has taken that into consideration In his
valuation. Houses let to weekly tenants are not worth 28 years'
purchase. There are not 400 houses let to weekly tenants on the
proposed route.
Ile-examined—Though the amount stated is 28 years' purchase, it
was not 23 year' rental, but on quite another principle.
Mr. G. Smith, a surveyor of Mercer's Hall, valued the whole of
the metropolitan property of the Greenwich Railway. The value of
the property to be taken by the North Kent was 491,7971.
By Mr. TALBOT—Valuod the property last year fer the London and
York. Valued the property to be taken at a distance of two and an
eighth miles, from Battle-bridge, including a clearance for the station,
and the removal of the Small-Pox Hospital, at 300,0001.
By Mr. 3.lzaamantaa—The land to be taken by :the London
and York is clear in comparison with that of the North Kent.
Mr. Wakley produced the table of the tolls required on the South-
Eastern Railway.
Mr. Mcacwvramt put in a letter from the Board of Ordnance,
stating that in consequence of the introduction of a certain clause in
the Act of the South-Eastern Company all objection on the part of
the Board was removed, and also some correspondence with the
Lords of the Admiralty, in which they agreed to the formation of the
iron bridge over the Medway.
Mr. Massy DAWSON, who appeared on the part of Mr. Evelyn, a
landowner en the proposed line, then called evidence to prove the
damage that his client's property would sustain from the proposed
railway.
At the conclusion of the evidence,
The Learned Comm. addressed the Committee at some length.
Mr. CaLvEaT then called evidence on the part of Mr. Angerstein,
a landowner on the line, and proved the very serious damage that
the line would cause to Mr. Angerstein's property. At the conclusion
,of the evidence the Committee adjourned until twelve o'clock to-
morrow.