The Sun.
London, England, 1848-11-28 00:00:00

EVENING-, NOV EM BER 28, 1848,

gamete without their being included in any arrange-
ment that might take &ace.
When many sources c; dissension existed it
ccnld not reasonably have been expected that the
matter would have been brought to an amicable ter-
mination. We have already (in The Sun of the 10th
instant) pointed out other difficulties that should be
surmounted before " a permanent and absolute
identity of interest among the shareholders of the
three companies" could be attained. On what
principle could the relative values of the shares
have been settled.? How could the objections of the
debenture holders have been set at rest, and in what
manner would the several engagements entered into,
the guarantees given, and the existing liabilities of
every description, have been provided for ?
These questions could never have been satisfactorily
answered, and it is far better for the proprietors them-
selves, and for the community in general, that the
project should be broken off at the very outset, than
that contests should have arisen that must have em-
bittered the feelings of all parties concerned, and laid
the foundation of future disputes.

More than two years since we directed public
attention to the state of the law, and the mode of its
administration, in the Channel Islands. Abuses had
arisen that required an immediate remedy. The civil
and criminal codes should have been revised, with a
view to the introduction of extensive measures of re-
form, suited to the character and the wants of the
inhabitants. Since that period commissions have been
issued, Jersey and Guernsey have in turn been visited,
close and searching inquiries were instituted, and
long reports published, but nothing has as
yet been done to carry the recommendations
contained therein into execution, or to relieve the
people from the grievances to which they have been
exposed.,..The " Jurats" still dispense justice according
to their own views. "The States" are still consti-
tuted in the manner that provoked our animadver-
sions. The legislative and judicial functions are still
blended together, and the objectionable principles of
the old feudal law are retained and reverenced with
almost superstitious veneration. 'We have no hesita-
tion in saying that there is no security for property
under the present state of the law. Houses or lands
purchased from a perfectly solvent proprietor
may be made subject to the debts contracted by the
vendor subsequently to the sale, and trust property is
liable for the private debts of a bankrupt or in-
solvent trustee. Surely such a state of affairs cannot
be tolerated among a civilised people living under the
shelter and protection of the British law, and in the
immediate vicinity, within a few hours' sail, of our
southern ports. The constitution of " the States,"
the legislative assemblies of the different islands,
and the difficulties interposed in the way of any new
legislation, forbid the hope that any ade-
quate measures of reform will be introduced
or sanctioned therein. It is to the Imperial Parlia-
ment that the inhabitants must look for redress, and
such an appeal cannot be postponed or rejected—an
appeal based alike on equity and expediency, and
which claims a favourable response, on every con-
sideration of natural justice and state policy.
'We would invite the attention of our readers to a
letter to the Honourable and Learned Gentleman the
Member for Bolton, which appears in another part of
our impression this day, as affording the most powerful
illustration of some of the evils to which we have
referred. The author, Mr. Ln CaAs, has rendered
himself conspicuous for the zeal and energy he has
exhibited in urging the claims of his countrymen to
an improved code, and for the ability and the vast
fund of information he displayed in his evidence be-
fore the Commissioners. He is a faithful and
trustworthy witness, on whose fidelity and accuracy
implicit confidence may be reposed. Can his plain
and simple statement be read without astonishment ?
Can our English brethren believe that there is no
security for even the buildings consecrated to the
purposes of religion ; that Dissenting congregations
may be deprived of the chapels they have erected with
their own money, by their own voluntary contribu-
tions, as places of worship, on account of the private
debts of trustees, or the the embarrassments of the
quondam owners of the lands on which these
buildings had been erected ? Yet, unfortunately, it
is but too true. No doubt exists on the subject.
Mr. LE CRAS mentions that not only is there the
possibility of such a result, but that it has actually
occurred in many cases. He instances " a chapel
built for the Independents, and another for the
Baptists, which were lost and made liable,
for the private debts of the parties who purchased
the ground. Notwithstanding they had reconveyed
the buildings to persona who, it was thought, held
them in trust for special purposes. Two other cha-
pels, the one belonging to the Wesleyan Methodists
and the other to the Unitarians, are placed in jeo-
pardy on similar grounds, it being attempted to make
them liable for the debts of trustees, who never pos-
sessed one shilling of interest in the chapels I" This
is, indeed, as Mr. LE CEAS justly observes, both
" monstrous and roguish, and loudly calls for re-
dress—redress, however, which the Assembly will not
give, one-third of which is composed of Church
parsons, who have no community of feeling with
the Dissenting bodies, another third of Jurats, who
are opposed to the enactment of any laws, and the
remainder of constables—men who, with the excep-
tion of two or three, have not even sufficient capacity
to write out the charges they present with their
prisoners, much less to devise legislative
remedies for these grievances." It must, therefore,
be for the British Parliament to interpose, and to
afford that protection which is the right and privilege
of every subject of the British Crown ; and a day
should not be lost in preparing the necessary measures
for its consideration.

THE FRENCH REPUBLIC.

We have received the Paris papers of yesterday.
The effect that has been produced by the eloquent
and unanswerable defence of General CAVAIGNAC is
immense. It has even reduced the Don Basilio of
politics, EMILE DE GIRARDIN, to silence, for one day
at least. The Freese takes time to consider, and will
resume the discussion when the speech of General
CAVAIGNAC shall have appeared in the Moniteur.
The National has the following, which is really
excellent, as showing the penetration of the gentle-
man who, in the columns of the English organ of
the Reactionaries says ditto to all the calumnies of
M. EMILE DE GIRARDIN :7--" In a lengthy article,
says the National, borrowed principally from the dis-
gusting compilations of the Presse, the Morning
Chronicle enumerates the reasons which militate
against the nomination of General CAVAIGNAC to the
Presidency. One of these reasons is his forensic
deficencies."
" This piece of criticism arrived in Paris this morn-
ing. It could not have come more apropos. I'Vhat
does the great orator, M. BONAPARTE, the candidate
of the Morning Chronicle, think of it."
Among those who voted in favour of the motion
of M. DUPONT DE L'Euus, and consequently in fa-
vour of General Calf tIGNAC, were M. FRANCOIS
A RAG°, member of the Executive Commission ; MM.
CARNOT, FLOCON, and TRELAT, Ministers under the
Executive Commission ; General CHANGARNIER, and
MM. DE REMUSAT, DE TOCQUEVILLE, DE MORNAY,
DE TRACY, DE FALLOUX, DE LAROCREQUELEIN, S.C.
The thirty-four who voted against the resolution,
consisted almost exclusively of the most exalted por-
tions of the Mountain and Socialist parties ; who
were however joined, on this occasion, by M. VICTOR
HUGO, General BARAGUAY D'HILLIERS, President of
the. Club of the Rue de Poitiers, and by M. LucIEN
MURAT. The other members of the Bonaparte fa
mily abstained from voting, as did MM. TRIERS,
ODILON BARROT, MOLE, MONTALEMBERT,
LEON DE MALLEVILLE, JULES FAVRE, BERRYER,
LAMENNAIS, LEDRU ROLLIN, GARNIER PAGES,
BARTHELEMY ST. HILAIRE, LEON FAUCHER, and, of
course, General CAVAIGNAC.
Oa leaving the Assembly on Saturday, M. FELIX
PLAT. who had abstained from voting, accused M.
PROUDHON, who had voted against the resolution, of
being a secret agent of General CAVAIGNAC. M.
PROUDIION retorted by a blow, which gave M. FELIX
PYAT a bloody nose.
The following correspondence appears on this sub-
ject in the Reforine :
" We, the und:rsierned, declare, that after fat alterca-
tion which took place yesterday in the coulisse of the
Assembly, betweon MM. Pyat and Proudhon, we, in the
name of M, Pyat, waited on MM. Langlois and Freury,
friends of M. Proudhon, with the view of requiring from
the latter satisfaction by arms. M.M. Langlois and Freury
answered that M. Proudhon consi !cred himself to be
the offended party, and would neither ask nor give sa-
tizfaction."

(Signed) "F. BAUNE, MARTIN BERNARD,
" Representatives of the people."
The National contains the following:—

" The officers, sub-officers, corporals, and privates of
the 4th Legion of, the National Guard of kuxie as•

srmbled yesterday, to the number of 1,000, to wait on
General Cavaignac to express to him their sympathy
an.l high esteem for him pc,rson,illy, and to assure him
of their devotedness to the Republic. The General re-
p Led to this deputation in terms of the most satisfsctury
nature. He was every moment interrupted with cries
of Vivo la Republique,' and Vive ie General Ca-
vaignsc.' On returning to the court-yard of the Louvre
the Colonel formed a circle and expressed himself in the
following terms

" 'Citizens—We have just seen a worthy and virtuous
Republican. What has most affected him in our visit is
the tree homage which we render to the honour of the
soldier and to the civic qualities of the man. I propose
to you, citizens, to adopt General Cavaignac as our can-
didate for the Presidency of the Rqublie.'
" This suggestion was received with general cries of
We will ; we will,' Vive la Republique, and Viva le
General Cavaignac.' "

A very diverting incident occurred at the great
Socialist banquet which was held at Montrouge on
Saturday. 111. LAGRANGE gave as a toast, "To
union, to your wives and children." After he had
concluded his speech a middle-aged woman rose from
her seat, and scrambling over benches and tables
caught him in her arms, and embraced him in the
most enthusiastic manner, to the no small amusement
of the company.
M. LAMARTINE, who was present during the whole
of the discussion on Saturday, and also during the
division, but whose name does not appear among the
lists of voters, is about, it is said, to retire formally
from the contest for the PresidEncy, and to recom-
mend his friends to vote for General CAVAIGNAC.

The Bien Public says that M. DE LAMARTINE
" forms wishes against himself," and that his friends
" will congratulate themselves on seeing public
opinion turning in favour of the name of General
CAVAIGNAC—a name which they themselves have
created and presented to France."
The wife of General NARVAEZ and her mother
have arrived at Bordeaux from Madrid, en route for
Paris.

The Univers states that it was currently reported
in Paris that the POPE had been expelled from Rome.
Several diplomatists, and several of the clergy,
among them the Archbishop of PARIS, have urged
upon General CAVAIGNAC the necessity of an imme-
diate diplomatic intervention, or, if necessary, an
armed intervention. It is said that an order has been
already given for a squadron to be kept ready to sail
for Civita Vecchia at an hour's notice.

The influential club, called " The Democratic
Association of the Friends of the Constitution," have
resolved, in order to give as much publicity as possible
to the speech of General CAVAIGNAC, to have a
million copies of it printed and distributed in Paris
and throughout the departments. The members of
this Association have expressed a wish that their ex-
ample may be followed by every Republican who
sees in the election of General CAVAIGNAC the most
certain mode of consolidating the Republic.
The Itioniteur contains the following► paragraph :
"According to the Augsburg Gazette, the Papal
Government has been officially informed that France had
withdrawn her mediation with respect to the affairs of
Italy, from the conviction that iu the ',resent state of
things that mediation would serve no purpose. The
fact is absolutely false."
BOURSE—PARIS, MONDAY, NOV. 27.
THREE O'CLOCK.—The Bourse opened this morning,
under the impression of General Cavaignac's speech, at
prices nearly one per cent. above the closing prices of
Saturday, but gradually the rentes gave way, and ulti•
matcly they closed rather lower than on Saturday.
After the close the Fire per Cents. fell to 64f. 50c. For
the account, the French Three per Cents. remain as on
Saturday ; the Five per Cents. are Sc. lower ; Loan, re-
main the same. For Money, the Three per Cents. have
fallen sc. ; Five per Cents. have fallen 10c. ; and the
Loan has risen 50c. ; Bons du Tresor not quoted ; Bank
of France Shares have risen 101. ; Belgian Bank Shares
are at 6f. 40c. ; ditto Five per Cents. have risen per
cent. ; Spanish Active not quoted ; ditto Three per
Cents. Interior debt, is quoted at 1941 ; ditto Passive not
quoted ; Roman has fallen le per cent. ; Rothschild's
Receipts are without variation. Exchange on London
(30 days), 25 47i ; ditto (90 days), 25 37k. Railway
Shares have varied very slightly, with the exception of
the Orleans and Rouen, which have risen sf. each.
BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE

LONDON STOCK-EXCHANGE, Nov. 27.
Boulogne and Amiens, 5% _Dutch Rhenish, %--Paris
and Lyons (101.), 4.

SPAIN.
Madrid Journals of the 20th have been received.
Dispatches have been received from General COR-
DOVA, the contents of which have not transpired, but
which are said to be of the utmost importance. Some
persons state that they contain the resignation of
CORDOVA, others the submission of CABRERA. Of
the utter improbability of the last rumour our readers
may judge from the following letter addressed by
CABRERA to the editor of the French Union :
" Sir,—Under the tyrannical dictatorship of Narvacz,
the independent press of Spain can no longer give ex-
pression to my protests. Nor, from any other sources
than the official reports of my enemies, or the letters of
correspondents who limit themselves to the repetition of
on dits, can this press enlighten public opinion as to
the war in Catalonia. The foreign press will not refuse
mo the use of its columns— -

1. To contradict the silly and lying reports of the
greater part of the officers who command the Isabellist
troops.

"2, To protest against the calumnies which the
papers, paid by the Government a'. Madrid, incessantly
repeat in reference to the conduct of my volunteers.
" 3. To lay open the truth to my own country, and to
the whole of Europe, with respect to the conduct of the
two armies.

" Our enemies continue to brand us as brigands—let
us use their own word, Trabucaires. According to them,
we are always running away—invariably defeated. It'
our killed, our wounded, our prisoners, were calculated
from their official bulletins, the amount would be per-
fectly frightful. On the other hand, they carefully con-
ceal the progress that we continually make; such as the
capture of the forts of La Bisbal and Cabra, and the re-
cent defeat of General Paredes, who left in our hands
150 of his men, his own horse, and other trophies. My
honest soldier's pen refuses even to record the names of
the Isabellista chiefs, who owe their rank to reports as
false as they are contemptible. But these same chiefs
cannot deny that the very arms that are borne by my
volunteers have been taken from their own soldiers; that
in order to combat ' insignificant bands of Trabucaires,'
the Government at Madrid has been obliged to send into
Catalonia 50,000 of its chosen troops and the best of its
Generals. Further, and this is as humiliating to our
enemies as it must be conclusive to the rest of Europe,
why has that Government just implored the assistance
of Portugal by asking for an auxiliary force of 8,000
men ?

"As to the odious epithet of Trabucaires, with which
our enemies insult us, a single reflection will suffice as
an answer to it. My 6,000 volunteers could not always
fight, and frequently defeat, 50,000 troops, without the
spontaneous and powerful concurrence of Catalonia. A
strife so unequal could not have continued if we had not
possessed the sympathy of the noble-minded Catalans;
and if we da possess their sympathy, it is because we are
worthy of it.
" Catalonia is weary of the arbitrary acts of the Go-
vernment at Madrid, and of i:s hateful system of cor-
ruption. It is this disgraceful yoke that it desires to
throw off. My volunteers are for the most part its own
children ; it is proud of their conduct, and proud, more
especially, of their fidaity and their courage. All the
chiefs of the enemy's troops do not deny them the claim
to these qualities, but those who admit it are compara-
tively few,
.because the majority of these chiefs have
only one object in view—to push themselves forward in
their career by flattering the Government at Madrid.
Colonel Rios, who commands the column of Olot, is dis-
tinguished amidst this class ; and yet, if he had been
under my command, I should, on more than one etc t-
win, have brought him to a court-martial for his un-
skilfulness and the exaggeration of his reports. Doubt-
less he is anxious to imitate the chief of the column of
Ripoli, who, after having beett def.( ated and with all his
men shut up in Villa de Lilies, obtained the rank of
Colonel simply by writing a lying dispatch. I call this
neither more nor less than military prostitution.

" But the nightmare of the Government at Madrid is
the Carlo-Progresista union. Misfortune has always
brought more closely together fellow-countrymen who see
themselves exposed in common to be imprisoned, trans-
ported, or shot by tyrants whom cunning, corruption,
and terror alone retain in power. Moreover, the Conde
de Montemolin, in hie manifesto of the 14th of Septere.
ber, 1846, recommended to us oblivion of the past and
reconciliation. Let there be no more parties,' he said;
we are all Spaniards.' From that moment we have no
long r looked upon as foes any but those who fight us in
while we joyfully receive into our ranks
who, deprived lake ourselves of the
right eh°tPPore°fugdrfii6secsluidsst;sai9o'n, have recourse to that of insurrection,
in the hope of overthrowing the common enemy. I
freely admit that their conduct and their courage are
worthy of the cause.
,‘ Whilst our enemies shoot the prisoners they
take from us, or ship them off to the Phi-
lippine Islands, I have, up to this day, sent
back theirs, with the exception of the officers, who
have been treated as well as my own position and
the • precautions of war would permit. I have
just proposed to General Cordova an exchange of pri-
senors. Let us hope that he will accede to it. At all
events, I shall not be responsible, in the face of Earope,
for the consequences of his refusal. The recent asoesi•
nations by General Villelonga have lowered the character
of the nation. If my duty had not kept me in this faith-
ful province, I should already have marched to teach this
monster the hews of humanity. But let us wait a little!
My serious occupations may possibly prevent me from
again refuting the calumnies of an enemy whom we all
despise; indeed, I should only repeat myself, because my
principes are unchangeable. Strong in my own recti-
tude, in the honour of my soldiers, and in the powerful
co-operation of this loyal aed generous province, I shall
continue my exertions for the defence of my legitimate
King and the independence of my beloved country. To
c‘intribute to the triumph of both is my sole ambition.
" Accept, &c.
(Signed) " CABRERA, CONDE DE MORELLA.
" Cubells, Nov. 5, 1848." e
It is well known that the sum of 8;000,000 reels
(80,0001.) has been offered to CABRERA by the Go-
vernment, to induce him to abandon the cause of
Count MONTEMOLIN, in addition to the recognition
of his rank in the army, his titles of nobility, and the
Captain-Generalcy of Cuba; he has refused all these
magnificent offers.

The probability is that these dispatches announce
the defeat of MANZAINO by CAPVELUA, the following
account of which has been received in London from
CABRLRA'S head-quarters :

" San FA?lin, Nov. 17, IS4B

" Yesterday, at eleven in the morning, we attacked
the column of Manresa, composed of 800 men of the
ltcgitnent de la Unicn tird 20 cavalry; and at three in
the afternoon we had in our power, as prisoners, the
Brigadier-General Msuzauo, 8 officers, 500 men, 11
cornets, 600 muskets, 9 brigade horses, tha ammunition,
the baggage, &c.
" To obtain this distinguished victory we made a four-
teen hours' march.

" The greater part of the prisoners have taken service
with us, and the rest have been left at liberty to go
where they please.
" One of the enemy's officers has gone post-haste to
Madrid, to propose the exchange of officers. With this
motive, I will repeat, that the Gem:l.dt has proposed it
twice; so that the Government and the Madrid Generals
cannot allege anything in favour of their philanthropy."
MADRID BOLSA, Nov. 20.—Three per Cents , 19
9-16; Five per Cents., D. Exchange on London,
48 35.