The Sun.
London, England, 1846-05-13 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDA y MORNING, MAY l3, 1846.

so at the risk of injuring his health by the intemperate
climate of England. Then the grand object of the British
Cabinet is disclosed—namely, the settlement of the question
of transit across the Isthmus of Suez; and in reference to
this subject it is said England will use all the powers of se-
duction at its disposal to convert the PACHA to its views.
" Thus (in order that M. GUIZOT may not escape) the tour
of IBRAHIM in Europo will have served more
the English than the French interests." This is
all in perfect keeping with most of the accounts
of sea battles given by THIERS, in which he
takes every opportunity of lessening the merit of the English,
or concealing it altogether, and of attributing to them
motives of action so mean and unworthy of a great nation,
that the reader feels astonished how they could be imputed
to a respectable rival by a man professing to write impartial
history. Everything English that M. TRIERS touches he
tries to damage. England can do nothing good from honour-
able motives She has always some selfish interests to in-
dulge, and, above all, she takes care to use every opportunity,
while she pursues her own schemes, to inflict some injury
on France. That malevolent feeling is well represented
in the paragraph respecting the l'acx.es visit to the
British Court. Her MAJESTY and her Ministers do not invite
the son of MEHEMET An to England for his own sake,
or out of respect to the hit qualities of his illustrious father,
or as some return f,r his impartial and generous conduct to-
wards English merchants, and indeed Englishmen generally,
during the Syrian expedition, but solely to serve its own
purposes and drive a bargain with his successor for the free
passage of British troops through Egypt. And not satisfied
with stating that the attempt will be made, M. THISE3 con-
cludes that it will be successful, that France will lose all the
expected advantages from the visit of a Prince which the
ex-Minister took under his especial protection, and
that jealous England will snatch the prize from
her hands. It is hardly necessary to say that
England neither has nor can have any such motives.
Our gracious QUEEN only gives another proof of her
wish to live on the best terms with other Sovereigns, and
with that view pays the usual compliment of invitation to
the son of one of the most remarkable men of the age. Her
Ministers know that the question of transit cannot be set-
tled by IBRAHIM PACHA—that any attempt of the kind would
excite unfavourable feelings towards England on the part of
the present ruler, who will both reign and govern to the
last—that the health of IBx.►Hni PACHA is of the most un-
certain tenure—that it is doubtful if he can survive his
father—and that new arrangements, as at Lahore, may
be necessary, when the hand that reared the Egyptian
sovereignty, and has kept it so long together, shall have
become cold and helpless. And, besides, we are not cer-
tain that it is for the interest of England and her Indian
possessions that a passage for troops of all nations,
through the Isthmus, should be conceded. The expense
incurred by sending troops to India by sea may be more than
counter-balanced by rendering India liable to the sudden in-
vasion of European troops by the way of Suez and the Red
Sea. After all, why is the scheme opposed by the ex-
Minister? Solely because he believes England is bent upon
it. France could not in any way suffer by the concession;
some slight return, too, might be made to England for throw-
ing open the China trade and conferring a great benefit on our
neighbours, but M. TRIERS has no sympathy of that kind,
and should it be the misfortune of this country to see him
again restored to power, she must expect neither favours nor
fair play at his hands.

The striking characteristic of the British nation is the
perfect freedom of discussion enjoyed by our Legislature,
our public meetings, and by the press, of fully and fairly
commenting upon all matters of general interest which may
from day to day arise. It is to this freedom that we owe
the abolition of abuses which long were suffered to
exist, and which affixed a stain on our Constitution.
To this we owe the existence of civil and religious
liberty throughout the British dominions, the abolition of
rotten boroughs, and the rendering the popular branch of our
Legislature what it professed to be—a fair representation of
the people. To this we owe the adoption of the principles of
free trade, the prostration of monopoly, and the admissioa of
cheap food for the people. None of those great results were
obtained without many years of anxious discussion, of a
prolonged, and apparently hopeles, contest. At first
a small, but zealous body, brought forward the
abuse, stated it fairly and simply, urged its
injustice, and called for its reformation. In almost every in-
stance their suggestions were received with contumely and
their proposals rejected by large numerical majorities. But,

though defeated for the moment, they were not dismayed.

Again and again they invited discussion, secured a debate;
the farce of public opinion was enlisted in the
struggle, the minority increased, became a mighty
and formidable phalanx; that which at first
was feebly whispered, was now thundered within

the walls of St. Stephen's till at length truth and justice pre-
vailed, and bigotry, corruption, monopoly, were swept
away in the overwhelming torrent, and such we have no

doubt will be the result of the exposure made by Mr.
WATSON, on Thursday evening, in bringing forward his mo-

tion for a Select Committee " to inquire into the nature and
extent of the taxation of suitors by the collection of fees in
the courts of law and equity, and the application of such
fees, and the compensations paid to retired officers of those
courts, and into the propriety of the continuance thereof;
and particularly to inquire into the orders for compensation
made by the Lord Chancellor to the persons filling the office
of clerk of the enrolments, comptrollers of hanaper, riding
clerks, six clerks, sworn clerks, waiting clerks, and others,
under the Act 5 and 6 Vic., c. 103, and to inquire into the

nature, duties, and emoluments of those officers before the
passing of that Act, and their right to compensation during
life and for seven years after the death of such persons."

Indeed we have the assurance of the great benefit conferred
on the public by the discussion in the speeches made by the
Home Secretary and the Right Honourable Baronet at the
head of the Government.

The former Honourable Gentleman stated, "that if the mo-

tion had been confined to the introductory part of the motion
before the House, namely, for an inqury into the nature and
extent of the taxation of suitors, by the collection of fees in

the courts of law and equity, he would have had no objection
to the motion, because he considered that an inquiry of that
nature might be attended with beneficial results," and rested
his opposition chiefly on the fact that Mr. Mintz had, in the
course of the debate, designated the transaction in reference

to which the inquiry was moved for as "the job ofjobs,"
and that the conduct of the Lord Chancellor might be incul-
pated. Surely this will not be received as a sufficient excuse for
the suppression of the inquiry. He admits that it may be at-
_ _ _

tended with beneficial results and yet he votes against it—on
what principle can this inconsistency be justified? If the
conduct of the Noble and Learned Lord was pure and irre-
proachable, as it was asserted to be, what could he have to
fear from investigation ? Why should his friends be anxious
to smother inquiry—to avoid publicity? On the contrary, it
would alone be a sufficient reason for acceding to the proposi-
tion. It is impossible after this that Sir JAMES GRAHAM
can continue his opposition to the inquiry from which so
much good must result. But the speech of Sir R. PEEL
contains a far more gratifying announcement. Nothing more
able, more powerful, could have been urged in support of
Mr. WATSON. The Right Hon. Baronet, with all the force
and eloquence so peculiarly hie own, says--
"But let us put an end to the sale of these offices in future;
and let us also ensure a periodical inquiry into the fees
received by every person, in order that when their
amounts reach an extravagant sum, they may be reduced.
In some years they were of great magnitude—as in
this present year, for instance, by a pressure of business, the
amount of fees taken may be exceedingly large. Reduce them ;
but, at the same time, keep them sufficiently high to remu-
nerate men of talent. Let us provide for this inquiry. So
much for the future. I think it a scandal to the courts of
justice of this country, that this House has abolished sine-
cures, but that we have s..ealed our eyes to the legalised con-
tinuance of these fees, collected in extravagant sums from

suitors, because we have had no public clamour for their
abrogation. If those awns had been received by a Minister
(.f the Government, or by any one of the clerks of this House,
who sit at the table, they would hays been taken away ; but
you have allowed these things to continue, while you have;
as I said before, abolished sinecures."

And concludes by assuring the House, " that as far as legis-
lating for the future on the subject, the reformation of these
abuses should have the cordial support of the Government."
Were there no other result of the motion than these ad•
emissions and promises, Mr. WATSON may well be proud of
th
service he has rendered to his country. But we will hope
that perseverance on his part will at length be rewarded
to the fullest extent. It is not to be conceived that a Bill
smuggled
theug public
glthrough the Housepurseothumt of Commons, of the guardians
tio, which passed through
all its stages in one short week, sh sub
ould
operation, that no be considered so bind-
ing in its nature, so efficacious inol'teld
re-
medy can now be obtained. Its injustice be admitted,
the compensation thereby awarded may be somenayo
almost incredible ; sinecurists may receive sums fo°rlnaboter be
said,
nate offices, requiring no knowledge, skill, or education, d.-
judges who preside in those very courts;
ex-
ceeding in amount the salaries of the learned and laborious'
and shall it be
that when this crying grievance is exposed, its enormity
made manifest, the
publicvriasudig!!antail an
on aroused, that
ed thatl i t
this hurried legislation
cannot now be altered or - amended?
Certainly
Under any circumstances the taxation of the suitors ofthe
not.
courts would be unjust and iniquitous. Why should the
Legislature tolerate a system so abominable, why should any
person, because his fortune or character is made the object of
attack, be thereby made the object of special taxation ?
Will he not suffer enough in the payment of the large fees
necessary for his professional advisers? Is there not anxiety,
and expense enough attendant on the unfortunate liti-
gant, without his having to pay those enormous
fees, without bearing the whole expense of the judicial staff
of the country, nay, further, of the harpies, the drones, who,
without rendering any service themselves, are contented to
dip their hands into his pocket, and receive ruinous salaries
for doing nothing? These things cannot be suffered to con-
tinue—there must be a remedy, and a speedy one, afforded.
It is ridiculous to say that their abolition would increase
litigation ; such could not be the case on the part of the
defendants, for they are brought into court without
their own consent. No matter whether the expense
be great or small, they must encounter it ; no option
is afforded them ; and in the case of a plaintiff, the
only person who can be thereby deterred is the poor man,
who, although his ca,e may be equitable, may be unable to
obtain justice, from the enormous expense attendant on the
progress of his claims, and the de:ays which may be thrown
in his way by the skiliul wiles of a wealthy antagonist. Is
this desirabl,:? should the system contented tor such an
object ? We think not ; and we doubt not that the public
will be of a similar opinion.
Is it because there has ),0434 a INV Colltirgla"e this

shamefu Jwaste of the public funds that the preceeding should
be tolerated and allowed to remain ? We think the gentle-
men may be well satisfied with impunity for
their put offences, in being permitted to retain
the large sums heretofore received by them, without being
compelled to disgorge their plunder. Is it because, by the
most scandalous perversion of every principle of justice, they
have been permitted so long to revel in the spoils of the
public, that they should now receive an enormous sum for
the abolition of that power? As well might the light-
fingered gentleman, who made a handsome livelihood from
the pockets of his neighbours, inveigh against an improved
system of police, and call for compensation because he is no
longer indulged in the enjoyment of his pleasing peccadilloes ;
but even supposing there was any ground for granting such
a payment to the sinecurist himself, why should it be ex-
tended for seven years beyond his life, to his personal
representatives? In our innocence, we had always thought
that a public salary, or fees taken from the public, were
granted in return for services to be rendered, or supposed to
be rendered, to that public. But here the fortunate sine-
curist, not satisfied with the large emoluments received
during his life, secures a handsome independence for his
family after his death. It is like the parish watchcoat de-
scribed by Swirr, which the constable desired to have after
his death made into a petticoat for his wife, a jacket for
his son.

Our most gallant officers may perish in the service of their
country on a well-fought field; their names may be en-
deared to our recollections by every tie of gratitude, by
every sentiment of admiration ; they may have purchased
the commission, the possession of which enabled them to
risk, to sacrifice their valuable lives, by the expenditure of
large sums of money, and that money may have been
applied i❑ the public service; they may have left widows and
orphans unprotected and destitute, save in the rich inhe-
ritance of a gallant and honoured name, and yet the nation
makes no provision for objects so worthy of their gratitude,
their protection; but when the sinecurist at length dies
many thousands per annum are to be paid for seven years
after his death to his representatives, the tribute of a
grateful nation for his condescending to accept at their
hands sums sufficient to enable him to roll in• pomp and
state, and to acquire and hoard up a princely fortune. Shame,
shame, that such things should be tolerated, should most with
defender&

Madrid papers to the 4th instant have arrived. The
Government have determined to dissolve the Cortes without
again calling them together. A circular has been addressed
to the different political chiefs on the subject of making up
the electoral lists, and it is supposed that the elections
will take place in September, and that the new
Cortes will be called together in October. Acccording
to the Heraldo, the physicians have recommended sea bath-
ing for the QUEEN'S health, and her MAJESTY will certainly
go to the sea-side towards the end of next month, but
whether to the Basque provinces, to Catalonia, or to Anda-
lusia, had not been determined on.
Don ANTONIO ZUMALACARREGUI, who had been Presi-
dent of the Cortes and Minister during the regency of EsPart-
nu°, died at Madrid on the 2d. Don Arromo was the
brother of Don TOBIAS ZUMALECARAEGUI, the celebrated
Carlist chieftain.

MADRID BOLBA, MAT 4.—The Three per Cents. were at
321 cash ; Five per Cents. not quoted ; Bank of San Fer-
nando, 310; Bank of Isabella IL, 187. Exchange on Lon-
don, 37%.

We have received the Paris papers of Sunday. On Satur-
day the Central Railway ( Vierzon to Chateauroux) Bill
passed the Chamber of Deputies. The railway is to pass
through Nevers instead of through Moulins. The Bordeaux
and Bayonne Railway Bill, which still remains to be dis-
cussed, will not, it is thought, pass this session. The fol-
lowing is a list of the railway Bills which have passed the
Chamber :—The Bordeaux and Cette, the Western, the Caen,
the Dijon and Mulhausen, the St. Dezier and Gray, and
Central.

In the Chamber of Peers, on Saturday, the discussion on

;he commercial treaty with Belgium commenced. The ftl-

lowing extract from the Journal des Debats shows the great
progress which the sound doctrines of free trade are making
in France—

" If anything was wanting to prove the progress which
the doctrines of commercial liberty are making in the higher
and more enlightened regions, assuredly it would be found in
the language heard on Saturday in the Chamber of Peers.
Count Beugnot showed in an excellent speech the great inte-
rest that France had in closely allying herself to Belgium,
and preventing the latter from identifying herself with Ger-
many. In this report the Count regards the conventions
concluded by France as entirely insufficient. He does not
accuse the Government; on the contrary, he acknowledges
it to be in advance, on this question, both of the Chambers
and country, but he accuses the interested coalitions, which
for our part we have always strongly opposed."
IBRAHIM PAcHs. leaves Paris in about a fortnight for
London. On this subject the Constitutimnel perpetrates the
follqwing amusing bit of absurdity :
" The British Cabinet has watched, not without jealousy,
the long stay made by Ibrahim Pacha in France. It has
therefore intimated to the Cabinet of the Tuileries that it
would be glad to receive in its turn the son of Mehemet Ali,
and our Government has neglected nothing that could tend to
the gratification of this wish, in spite of the repugnance felt
by the Egyptian Prince to expose his health, which is hardly
re-established, to the intemperature of the English sky ;
Ibrahim Pacha will therefore go to London in about a foi t-
night. The British Cabinet, always pre-occupied with the
question of the transit across the Isthmus of Suez, will,
doubtless, not fail to make use of all the means of seduction
in its power with respect to its guest, in order to draw him
into their views on the subject. The journey of Ibrahim
Pacha in Europe will thus serve more to further the views
of England than ours. On his return the Prince will visit
Holland and Belgium."

The concluding portion of this paragraph contains a
clumsily awkward admission. " The journey of IBRAHIM
PACHA in Europe will thus serve more to further
the views of England than ours." Inicatuist Paula
then, according to the Constitutionnel, was invited to
France only to serve French interests. The PAcna,
no doubt, appreciates the compliment. On Saturday the
Pecna dined at the Hotel de Vile. The Duke de MONT-
PINKER., who was present, proposed the health of MEHEMET
ALI, the regenerator of Egypt, and of his son IBaAI.IM
PACHA, their illustrious guest. The Egyptian Prince, having
returned thanks, proposed the following toast :—" To the King
and to the city of Paris, the capital of civilization and the
arts, the great monuments and liberal institutions of which
do honour to the genius of man, and are the object of univer-
sal admiration; to his Royal Highness the Duke de MoNT-
PENSIER, who honoured Egypt by his visit, and whose pas-
sage left indelible recollections among those who had the
honour to approach him."

The Constitutionnel contains the following in relation to
the approaching trial of LECOMTE
"An important circumstance had for some time created
some difficulty in the affair of the assassin Lecomte. The
authorities were not able to discover the history of the gun
with which he had committed his crime. The gun is a
double-barrelled fowling-piece of excellent quality, though
not very splendid i❑ its appearance. In the search made at
Lecomte's lodging another double-barrelled fowling-piece
was found, which was recognised as the one which he gene-
rally used when he was a guard in the forest. It was there-

fore-concluded that, as Lei;mite had left his gun in Paris, he
must have got from a third party, or have bought at the last
moment, the gun with which ha fired on the King. Lecomte,
either to give himself more importance, or from some other
motive, had made a great mystery of this quastion, but the
matter is now cleared. It has been ascertained that the gun
was sold to Lecomte six years ago by a gun-maker in Paris.
He had made use of it at Orleans. It has been recognised
by the gun-maker, and by several persons who had seen it in
Lecomte's hands. The report of the commission appointed
by the Court of Peers to draw up the charges will be made
on the 18th of the present month. The trial will take place
in the beginning of June."

The journals have advices from Algiers to the 3d inst.,
announcing that ABD-EL•KADER, who had for some time
past concealed his movements, had suddenly re-entered the
Kabyl country, and was in the vicinity of the Jurjura.
Owing to this other unexpected irruption, it was believed
that the French columns under Marshal BUGEAUD and the
Duke D'AUMALE must again hasten to the east of the pro-
vince of Algiers.
According to the Presse, it was with the greatest
reluctance that Queen VlcrouiA yielded to the desires
of her Ministers to postpone her intended visit to France.
It was a fortnight before her consent to the postponement
could be obtained. The Univers, the organ of the Jesuits,
has a long article describing the progress of the Jesuits in
various parts of the world. It thus alludes to the progress of
the Jesuits in England :—" The zeal of the Order is not less
active in England. According to authentic data, 98 Protes-
tants, instructed and guided by those venerable ecclesiastics,
returned to the faith of their fathers in 1843, and in 1844 and
1845, 172 others have imitated their example, and, never-
theless, nobody in England is thinking of expelling them
from the British dominions."
The Prince Di Joixvitxx arrived at Toulon on the 6th.

On Saturday the Kuia and the Royal Family removed
from the Tuileries to the Chateau of Neuilly, where they
will reside during the spring.
The Three per Cents. were done at Tortoni's at 83f. 95c.

BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, MAy 11.
Boulogne and Amiens, 1214—Dutch Rhenish, 6% —East Indian,
—Louvain and Jamappa, I%—Luxembourg, 2—Namur and Liege,
414—Paris and Lyons Constituted, 7N—Paris and Rouen, 4014
Sambre and Meuse, 53i.

On Monday evening the artillery division of the lion.
Artillery Company, under the command of Captain Iselin, with a
demi-battery, was exercised with cartridge, in the spacious grounds
of the Hon. Company, Finsbury. The guns were advanced by
horses. The various evolutions were well performed, and the firing
given with great steadiness and precision. Sergeant-Mi4or Keard,
of the Royal Artillery, superintends the drills generally, and has been
appointed by Captain Iselin drill instructor for the remainder of the
season.
The Marquis and Marchioness of Lansdowne enter-
tained a large circle to dinner on Monday, at Lansdowne House.
The Noble Marquis and Marchioness ;,leave another dinner party on
Friday next.
The Marquis and Marchioness of Westminster and
family have arrived at Grosvenor House from Motcombe House,
Dorsetshire.
Lady Lyndhurst will give a grand ball on Monday
next, in honour of the d•bat of the Hon. Sophia Copley, the youngest
daughter of the Lord Chancellor.
On Monday afternoon the Countess of Jersey had a
juvenile party in honour of the youthful Prince Paul and Prince
Louis Esterhazy, children of their Royal Hlghnessee Prince and
Princess Nicholas Esterhezy.
WonethehBathveinstt.oat hisr
eeroere td.
square, at the early age of 38. Ile was son of
dence in Bryanston-
OF VlSCHoootTaN,TwiiliooexopDi.r;
by the daughter of the late Sir Andrew Snaps
the se in
d Viscount,dsw
wax bona in 1808. The first Peer was the
Hammond. His Lo, p
took part in Rodney's celebrated victory
admiral who
celebrated
Grasse•
DEATH
over the Court de Gras°,
the death of Viscount
1 Monday after noon the metropolitan
ion of the
tchmen, and will do duty.
1 HE TOW" '----
' Tower of London fer the first time.
ipotilec;=
sP°sB6lBuperieded the nolrtdr,eda,rdi.lauFestawta
a.
ouse has hem
erected
day and night, within the f
esnA.
ancliowteenh
am,
fig gle 40C01311120datiOn Of c'ne nrg 1

AMERICAN NEWS.

7IVE DAYS LATER.
At ala our this morning we received by express,
from Liveves?'- New York papers to the 24th. We
extract tic salary, ag from the New York Sun. From
this it amturn for Ihe Representatives have struck out
thesi amiezto that public, reed to by the Senate on the
subject
titti:tied with thee.
oR o
o o;
t:e
securei Senate resolutions, in dissolving
a treaty vhich ileatlitreserved peace between the two Govern-
ments fortwenty-eight years, expressed an opinion favour-
able to tie "amicable" adjustment of the disputes which
must of inces-ity grow out of the abrogation of that treaty;
and they also left the notice in the hands of the President,
who has ciarge of the negotiation, and is therefore best able
to judge of the proper time for giving it. But the House of Re-
presentatites struck out the clause favourable to an amicab e
adjustment of disputes, and COMMANDED the President to give
the notice. The Senate resolutions, in matter and form, were
not adopted hastily or unadvisedly. They were the result
of council, deliberation, and understanding. The majority
had agreec that a notice of some kind ought to be adopted, to
settle the question definitely, and not leave it open to
future costingencies. Above all, the Senate wished
to save the American people from the very deli-
cate position in which an agitation of the question and the
movements of political parties might hereafter place the
country. The Government has full power to act in the mat-
ter now, bat leave the question unsettled to the next presi-
dential election ; let us have a war candidate and a peace
candidate, with direct issues before the people, and what will
be the resu:t ? In November, 1848, the people will vote for
a President for war or peace—the whole of Oregon or none-
-49 or 54 40 ! The result of that election, sup-
posing it favourable to war and 54 40, will be known
in England sometime in December, three months before the
successful party comes into office; and does any man in his
senses suppose that England would wait for us to carry out
the policy thus sanctioned by the people? No, while we
lay comparatively helpless, without preparation of any kind,
she would be prepared, and the laws of nations would autho-
rise her to strike. Although the first blow would be severe,
we know our people too well to doubt their ability
to inflict terrible and tenfold retribution upon the
enemy. But when would such a struggle terminate?
Not in three, nor five, nor ten years. It would be a long and
bloody contest, which other nations and other tongues would
reap the benefit of. While America and England were de.
stroying each other, other nations would be built up by the
ruin of the British empire, or the poverty of the American
republic. Here, then, is the evil which the Senate wished
to guard against, and the resolutions they proposed
had the sanction of those best acquainted with the posi -
tion and probable results of the negotiation, including
the Executive himself. A fearful responsibility now rests
upon the Senate. That branch of the Government must
adhere to the position it assumed with so much deliberation
and forethought. Questions like the Oregon, which belong
only to the treaty making power, should never be brought
into the arena of party politics, and we "look to the Senate,"
with confidence in its wisdom, for some movement calculated
to bring this matter to a close at an earlier day than that
contemplated even by the giving of the notice.
A rumour from the frontier, similar to the one we gave
yesterday, is alluded to by the New Orleans Picayune of
the 14th. An attempt was made in New Orleans to
give currency to an impression that an action had
taken place and our troops defeated, but it was
treated with derision. As to the Congressional elec-
tion in Texas, thus far, Williams has 968, Pellsbury,
861; Cooke, 804. Captain Haiglier, formerly a member of
the Texian Congress from San Patricio, was shot through
the heart by a Mr. Pool at Goliad. Pool was arrested. It
was said to have been in an affray.

CORN IMPORTATION BILL.
(From The Sun of Last Night.)
As we yesterday conjectured the debate upon the Corn Im-
portation Bill was adjourned last night with the general ac-
I quiescence of the Commons. This additional postponement
was very naturally to he anticipated for reasons which we
have already particularised—any further delay of the settle-
ment of this measure will now, however, be more than vexa-
tious, it will be tampering to an unjustifiable extent with
the whole commercial relations of the empire. Such a de-
claration as this originates in no factious anxiety to
precipitate a victory which at this present moment is
virtually achieved ; it is based upon the unanimous consent
of society, upon the hesitation visible during this session in
almost every quarter of the country, upon the anxiety of
every member of the population, whether manufacturer or
agriculturist. It was from being fully impressed with this
conviction that the Heme Secretary prefaced his elaborate
and conclusive speech yesterday evening by expressing his
disinclination to occupy the attention of the House, because
it was " evidently weary of this protracted discussion !" Never-
theless, harassed as the representatives must undoubtedly
be with so much " lengthened sweetness long drawn-
out,"—but, especially, the true representatives of the people,
the supporters of the Government policy, we rest assured
that their patriotic feelings are too ardent to permit of their
becoming lethargic at a juncture so propitious to the future
prosperity of their fellow-countrymen. They are sufficiently
imbued with a repugnance for those enactments which are on
the eve of being expunged from the statute-book, they are in-
spired with sentiments sufficiently exultant at the approaching
emancipation of commerce, to merge every feeling of
exhaustion at the balderdash uttered night after night by
the delinquents below the gangway into one paramount
sense of satisfaction at participating in a triumph so bene-
ficent. With these ideas we feel satisfied every Parlia-
mentary advocate for free trade is actuated ; the
vicinity of those boons for the acquisition of
which they have yearned so hopefully and laboured
so ;valiantly during so much untoward opposition,
is surely an adequate preventative of anything like marks of
fatigue. The greater the difficulties, the nobler the consum-
mation—themore numerous theobstacles, the more agreeable
the achievement. There is an axiom in warfare which de-
clares that whenever cruelty is displayed by the conqueror
towards the vanquished troops it is a sure sign that
the losing party were at some period of the
struggle near being the winners. The converse of this
is a proposition, we take it, equally undeniable. And ob-
serving that, throughout the time which this debate has
occupied, the Protectionists have been uniformly treated
with the most lenient placidity, that their garrulity
has been.;generously permitted to die away of itself, and
that their very acidulated personalities have been re-
torted sometimes by silence, sometimes by .a remon-
strance, but never by a " counter-blast" of personality,
it is clear that the Free-traders felt their superiority
from the first moment ; and evincing this knowledge of their
superiority at the commencement, it is assuredly not sur-
prising that they should evidence a great confidence
as to the result immediately anterior to its eluci-
dation. Hence it was Sir JAMES GRAHAM declared over-
night, " I have a very strong opinion that the measure
under consideration will in a very short time become
the law of the land." Nor is the fact less mani-
fest, that the country party have been heaping burning
embers upon their own heads by their most illusory and
pernicious system of procrastination. Instead of having to
compete with bushels, the farmers will now, in all likelihood,
have to compete with whole granaries directly the proposed
Acts come into operation; and for this agreeable difficulty
their gratitude is solely due to their pseudo-friends in
Parliament. From the delays which these meddling po-
liticians have calved in the progression of the Corn and
Customs' Bill through the Lower House the bonded wheat
from foreign countries, which has been accummulating in
our seaports in expectation of the reduction of duties, amounts
to the enormous quantity offifieenhundred thousand quarters!
Against this and (as the Home Secretary judicious')
observed) against the next harvest the unfortunate
pets of the protectionist will have to enter the
market—the competition, of course, producing a tem-
porary but most embarrassing diminution of price.
This fact, which was last night ably insisted upon by Sir
JAMES GRAHAM, is merely an application of the arguments
contained in Mr. COBDEN'S letter to the Tenant-Farmers of
Great Britain, deducing from a delay of months what
he deduces from a delay of years, an applica-
tion of those deductions to August or September,
which the Honourable Member for Stockport applies
to 1839. The Secretary for the Home Department adduces
"an enlarged experience," as the primary cause of his con-
version, from the very obsolete credence in the efficacy and
excellence of a protective policy, and a more eligible or ac-
ceptable reason for such a conversion could not
possibly have been advanced. If, in like manner, the Pro-
tectionists could persist in giving themselves such severe
lessons of experience by moving fresh adjournments upon
the question, they would before long delay themselves into free-
traders. As a specimen of the preposterous style of logic with
which these gentlemen have been endeavouring to bolster up
their very dilapidated system, we may mention an argu-
ment which was dragged into the discussion by
Mr. MILES, the honest, blundering Member for
Somerset. This sagacious legislator actually pro-
pounded, as proofs of the necessity of protection to agri-
culture, that wheat is cultivated in Virginia for a hun-
dred successive years without the application of manure;
and again, that there is in Russia an annual accumulation
of 28,000,000 quarters of corn over and above their home
consumption. Never were facts more unfortunately
produced by a protectionist representative ; in pro-
nouncing them Mr. MILES actually shuttlecocked over
to Sir JAMES GRAHAM a most crushing argument against
himself. Why, as that Right Hon. Baronet justly inferred,
"if those statements were true—if Russia had 28,000,000 of
grain ready at all times for exportation ; and if in America
they grow wheat for a century without manure, every attempt
to protect this country, every attempt to guard this country
must be worse than useless." A patient analysis—of which,
however, they are almost invariably unworthy—would as
plainly demonstrate the inefficiency of the thousand similar
pieces of absurdity uttered by the followers of the Noble
Member for Lynn. Saving that it would exceed the etiquette
of the House, and be of an unparliamentary character, the
opposers of this vast measure would long since have
been dispatched to Coventry—so wonderfully old-fashioned
and conventional are all their most cherished opinions. As it
is, they have nearly "strutted their little hour upon the
stage," and those Members who, according to Sir
JAMES Gnamar, never until the present session
gave the agricultural interest the " advantage of
their eloquence," will be reduced to the necessity of subsid-
ing into their original obscurity as legislators. For this—
though by their departure we lose the cause of considerable
merriment—we rejoice. Assured, however, as is the triumph
of the free-trade principles upon the division at the third
reading, let every individual lover of those princi-
ples 'Tesler the majority still more triumphant, than
upon the two preceding occasions. by his attendatice.
Let every supporter of the proposed policy, as be loves his
kind, as he wishes well to humanity, as he is desirous for
the prosperity of hie country, and as be is ambitious of the

title of a philanthropic legislator, attend in his place at the re-
sumption of the debate, an enrol his name upon the majority
list. A new and peaceful era is to be commenced ; let him
partake in a glory so bloodless and so imperishable!

MONEY and COMMERCIAL NEWS.
(From The Sun of last Night.)
The Cotton market at Liverpool yesterday was firm, but
not animated. Sales, 6,000 to 7,000 bales, including 1,500
on speculation. Shares improved a little, the market being
firm and steady.
In consequence of the late forgeries in the Buckingham-
shire Railway scrip the Share Market has been rather dull,
which was evident at the public sale of Messrs. Wickham
and Cr,. by the low prices obtained; but, notwithstanding tlse
imputations cast upon these sales by some of our contempo-
raries, the characters of the gentlemen who conduct this equit-
able mode of dealing are too well known to suffer by any un-
just attacks made upon them, and this was clearly evinced
by the many and valuable lots of scrip disposed of. We
select a few quotations :-South Midland, 755. 6d.-Belgian
Eastern Junetion, 205.-Wexford, Waterford, and Valentin,
10s. 6d.-Derby, Uttoxeter, and Stafford, 3:?5.-London and
Croydon, 221.- Direct Northern, 435. 6d.-Newcastle and
Berwick, 201. ss.- Corn wall and Central Devon, 30s. 6d.-
Shrewsbury and Birmingham, 675. 6d.-North Staf-
fordshire, 71. ls.-London and York, 463. U.-Lon-
don and Birmingham, Fifths, 251.-Boston, Stamford,
and Birmingham, lOs 6d.-North British, Halves, 11/. 10s.-
Gloucester, Aberystwit ft, and Central Wales, 75.-North Kent,
333. 6d.-Northampton, Bedford, and Cambridge, 248.-
Bridgewater and Minehead, 13s. 6d.-Reading. Guildford,
and Reading, 21s. 6d.-West Riding Union, 102s.Wave-
ney Valley, 145.-South-Eastern and Dover (No. 4), 705.-
East Indian, 16s.

There are no later arrivals in the City to-day. The pro-
gress of the Corn Bill seems to engross more attention than
anything else.
the Funds are very steady to-day, but basiness is very
dull. Consols realise 961 :3:i for present transfer, and 96%
for time. The premium on Exchequer-bills has been 231. to
tr6s. Bank Stock is firm, at iOS. The New Three-and-a-
Quarter per Cents. have been 97% to 97%.
The propositions for an arrangement of the Mexican De-
ferred Deft, and the payment also by an issue of new stock
of the arrears of dividend on the Active bonds, have had
very little effect upon their value, and the quotations are
merely nominal. It is certain that the latter part of the
scheme is unpalatable, and might be rejected at a general
meeting of the bondholders. It is unnecessary at present to
enter further into the matter under this head.
The nominal price of the Active Mexican Stock has been
32. Chilian Six per Cents. are 96, and Peruvian Bonds for
Account bring 39 to 391/2. Spanish Five per Cents. have
been 243% 'Ai. Russian Stock has been 1091/2 to 1101/2.
Dutch Four per Cents, are 91% to 921/2.
The Railway Share market has been inactive, but keeps up
in nearly all respects.

BRITISH FUNDS. ONE CLOSING
O'CLOCK. PRICES.
Bank Stock .. .. .. • • .. .. • . 205 205%
Three per Cent. Reduced Annuities .. .. 95;4 sji 3-i 9534
Three per Cent. Consols Annuities .. .. 96V, % 96%
New Three-and-a-Quarter per Cent. Anns. 97% % % 97%
Long Annuities, Expire Jan. 5, 1860 .. 10%1A 10 li
India Stock .. .. . .. .. •.. .. 266
Consols for Account .. .. .. .. .. 96% 96%
Exchequer Bills. 1 %d. 11d.
1,0001... .. .... 26 23 pin. 23
Ditto. Small •• • • 26 23 pm. 23
ONE CLOSING
O'CLOCK. PRICES.
110

FOREIGN FUNDS.
Austrian Bonds, 5 per Cent
Chihan Bonds, per Cent .. . 96
Dutch, 234 per Cent., 12 Gull .. • • 59
Mexican Bonds, 1837, S per Cent ..
Ditto, for the Account . .. 32
Peruvian Bonds, 6 per Cent.. ..
Ditto, for the Account .. 39% 39'
Russian Bonds .. • • .. 11034 10934 110
Spanish Bonds, 5 per Cent .. 24% 24%
Ditto, Three per Cent .. 36%
Venezuela Bonds, 2 per Cent ..
Ditto, Deferred .. 13 13
Dividends on the above payable in London.
Belgian Four-and-a-Half per Cent ..
Ditto, Two-and-a-Half per Cent .. b 5 55
Dutch Two-and-a-Half per Cent .. 5934 59%
Ditto. 4 per Cent. Certificates .. 91 ry 9236 92%
BUSINESS
PAID. DONE AT CLOSING
ONE O'CLOCK. PRICES.
Aberdeen .. . .. 10 534 % ...... • • 6
Amber., Notting., Boston, and
Eastern Junction 2% •• . • 1%
Birmingham mid Gloucester .. 100 ••••• • • • • • 12414
Birmingham and Oxford Junction 2 .... %
Bristol and Exeter .. 75 .
•8634
Buckinghamshire 425. .• • • % •••• • • • % p
Cal.-donian .. 10 .... 12% ....... •• • 12%
Ditto, Extension .. 2% .... 21% .....
Cambridge and Oxford.. .. 1% % ........ 32
Direct Manchester (Rastrlck's) .. 5 % 314
Direct Northern .. .. • • • • 2% .. • • 2 1% 1%
Eastern Counties .. 141. 165..... 233% 34 23% .• 24
Ditto New .. 8/. 165..... .. • • ..., 7% p
Do. t'erpet., 5 per Cent. No. I. 61 13s. 4d. .. • • ......
Ditto, ditto, .. .. No. 2. 6/. 13s. 4d. % p........
Ditto, York Extension 105..... 1% 2......
Eastern Union .. 25 ..
Do. Extension to Harwich ..
Do. Extension to Norwich .. 234....
Do. Cambridge and Ely .. 234
Edinburgh alit Glasgow .. .. 50 .... ..........
Ditto 34 Shares .. . • .. 10
Ditto New % Shares.. .. 1234 17%..........
Goole, Doncast., and &c. 425. p
Great Southern & West. (Ireland) 20 .... 24 .. • • ......
Great North of England . ..100 21634 .• ........
Ditto, New .. . •• .. 1% 14%
Great Western .. 85 ..........
Ditto, Quarter Shares .. 5 .... 17% .• .... •• • . 17%
Harwich & Eastern Count. Junct. 2
.... 1%
hull and ,elby .. • . 40 103% ...... •• .. 103%
Ditto, halt ~hares .. • • • • 7 .... 28 .. ••..• • .. 28
Ipswich, Norwich, and Yarmouth 2.. • 1% ......... . 1%
Leeds and Bradford . • • •
.. 26 .. •55 ...... •• • • 54%
Leeds and Carlisle .. .... 1%
Leicester and 8edf0rd.....,
Leicester, Tainworth. &c.
London an • Birmingham . • • 100 .... 22634 ..... • • 226%
Ditto Thirds , .
London and Blackwell .. 161. 13s. 4d. 734 8-- 8
Ditto, New 234 .... . .
London aed Brighton .. 50 .... 6534 %
London, Hounslow, & Western .. 2 .... %
London and South- Western.. 411. 6s. 10d. 79% • • • ......
Ditto, New . 17% 29% 30 • •
London and York .. .. • . • . 2%.... 2% .. • •
London, Salisbury, and Yeovil .. ... • 1% ........
Lynn and Dereham .. 10 .... 7 . •
:Manchester and Leeds .. 82 ....125
,:,Ditto, Fifths .. 3 .... 12% •• • •
Manchester and Birmingham .. 40 . ........
Ditto, Quarter Shares (A) • • 4 .•• • 12% ••• • • • 12%
Ditto, Quarter Shares (B), • • 4 .... 12% • • 12%
Ditto, Quarter Shares (C) 1 .. • • 8/ • • 9
Manchester, Buxton, & Matlock 425. .. • • 1% 34 p• • ...• 134 p
Manchester and Southampton .. 2 .... 2% 2
Midland .. .•100 ....155 154.. .. .. • • 154
Ditto, New .. .. 18 .. • • 3534 33 ..
Newcastle and Darlington Junet. 25 ........
Ditto, New . 1 .... 10 9N ..... 9%
Newcastle and Berwick .. .. 15 .... 2534 26 25N
Newark, Sheffield, and Boston .. .... 1%
Norfolk .. • • .. .. • . .. 20
Ditto Tenths .. .• • • • • 2 •• • • 2% .. •• • .• • • 2/
Ditto, Extension .. • • .. 2 .... lay l%
North British .. .• 22% 29% •
Ditto, Half Shares .. 8% .... 11% 12
Ditto, Carlisle Extension .. 1% .. ...... •• •
North Kent and Direct Dover • • 234 1% %
North Staffordshire .. .. • • 425. •• • • 4%14% p.. • • 454
Shrewsbury and Birmingham .. 2% .... !,4 %
Shropshire Union .. 425..... % dis ...• dis.
South Devon .. 35 .... 34 .. • • 34
South Midland .. 425..... 134 %P•• • • • • 2 p
South Eluitent and Dovor .. • • 33 g.. • • 403% • •
Ditto. New (in. at 321.) No. 1. 16 ... 20 ••• • • • 20
Do., New (do. 331. Gs.Bd.) No. 2. 10 .... 1336 •• • • • 1334
Do., New (do. 15/.) .. No. 4. 2% •• . • 3% •••• • • • •
Staines and Richmond 1
Welsh Midland .. • • • • • • 234 •• • • 134 • •
1134
WYYYoooDerrtkot.aartaßEnniddddienNl:aaodrUnrilteinsylasiileo.l%tnile,iriddilanng.:d.:
Eaten.. 542022:48%...." --1131:p ......... ...

PRICES OF
RAILWAY SHARES.

_
% P

1831
173,4
24Y.,
216;4
141,4

~s.~c,

surplus traffic, the directors were of opinion that nine percent. would
be realised upon the capital of the Company. In consequence of the
opposition of the London and Oxford Railway their expenses had
been considerably increased ; but although he could not pledge him-
self to the exact amount of the liabilities of the Company,
they were estimated at about sixteen shillings a share.—(Hear, hear )
The capital of the Company was 50,0001., divided into 3,354 shares,
and he had entrusted to his care 1,220 shares, which amounted to
more than was requisite legally to constitute the meeting.—(Hear.)
The SECRETARY having read the report of the Board of Directors,
which set forth the prospects of the Company as most satisfactory,
resolutions in favour of continuing the scheme, and of proceeding
with the Bill, were carried unanimously by the meeting.
The usual vote of thanks having been given to the Chairman, and
responded to, the meeting separated.