The Sun.
London, England, 1846-09-16 00:00:00

No. 16,816. LON DON W EDNES DAY A 4 T
S N7 = SEPTEMBER 163 1846.

QT.- BARTHOLOMEW'S HOSPITAL AND
MEDICAL COLLEGE.
The WINTER SESSION will commence cei TutrusnAy, October
Ist, 1845, with an Introductory Address by Mr. Paget, at seven
o'clock p.m.

• LECTURES.
MEDICINE—G. Burrow., M.D.
SURGERY—WiIIiam Lawrence, F.R.S.
DESCRIPTIVE AN TOM Y— F. C. Skey. F.R.S.
PHYSIOLOGY and MORBID ANATOMY—Mr. Paget.
SUPERINTENDENCE of DISSECTIONS—Mr. M`Whinnle and
Mr. Holden.
CHEMISTRY—Mr. Grin-I'lls.
MATERIA MEDICA—G. L. Reupell, M.D., R.R.S.
MIDWIFERY, &c.—E. Rigby, M.D., F.L.S,
SUMMER SESSION, 1847, commencing May Ist.
BOTANY—F. J. Farre, F.L.S.
FORENSIC MEDICINE—W. Italy, M.D.
MIDWIFERY, &c.—E. Rigby, M.D., F.L.S.
COMPAR &TUVE ANATOMY—Mr. M`Whinnie.
PRACTICAL CHEMISTRY and NATURAL PHILOSOPHY—
Mr. s.

Hospital Practice.—The Hospital contains 530 beds, and relief
is afforded to 48,000 patients annually. The in-patients are visited
daly by the Physicians and Surgeons, and during tho Summer Ses-
sion four Clinical Lectures are delivered weekly—those on the medical
cases by Dr. Roupell and Dr. G. Burrows ; those on the surgical cases
by Mr. Lawrence and Mr. Stanley. The out patient:, are a'so daily
attended by the assistant Physician and assistant Surgeon.
Collegiate Estahlishment.—Warden, Mr. Paget.—Students can
reside within the Hospital sculls, subject to the rules of the collegiate
system, established under the direction of the Treasurer and a Com-
mittee of the Governors of the Hospital. Some of the teachers and
other gentlemen, connected with the Hospital, also receive students
to reside with them.

Scholarships, Prizes, &c.—At the end of the Winter Session the
annual ~3tamination will be held for a Scholarship, of the value of
451. a-year, and tenable for three years. The Examination for the
Wix, Bentley, and Collegiate Pr"zt, and those of all the Classes for
Prizes and Certificates of Merit. w li t ,ke place at the same time.
Further information may b: 0 tamed from any of the Medical or
Surgical Officers or Lecturers, on application at the Anatomical
Museum, or the Library of the College.

NATIONAL LOAN EUN u LIPEASSUR-
ANCE SOCIETY,
26, CORNIIILL LONDON.
Capital £500,000.
Empowered by Act of Parliament.
This Institution embraces important and substantial advantages
Stith respect to Life Assurances and Deferred Annuities. The assured
has, on all occasions, the power to borrow, without expense or for-
feiture of the Policy, two-thirds of the premiums paid (see Table) ;
also the option of selecting benefits, and the conversion of his in-
terests to meet other conveniences or necessity.
Assurances for terms of years are granted on the lowest possible
rates.

BANK OF ENGLAND, SEPT. 10, 184 G.

THE COURT of DIRECTORS of the GO-
VERNOR and COMPANY of the BANK of ENGLAND give
notice, that a GENERAL COURT will be held at the Bank on
TituasoAr NEXT, the lith instant, at Eleven o'clock in the forenoon,
to c.msider of a Dividend. This will also be one of the Quarterly
General Courts appointed by the Charter.

JOHN KNIGHT, Secretary,

BILLS OF EXCHANGE.--FRAUD.- TO
BANKERS, BILL BROKERS, DISCOUNTERS, AND
OTHERS.

Two BILLS of EXCHANGE for 2501. each, bearing date the 28th
or 29th of August, 1846, drawn upon and accepted by the Rev.
Francis Glossop, at four moths after date, payable at Messrs. Young
and ValHogs', St. Mildred's-court, Poultry, London, having been
OBTAINED by means of conspiracy and FALSE REPRESEN-
TATIONS made to the acceptor, the Rev. Francis Glossop, of West
Dean, Wiltshire, all persons are hereby cautioned against receiving,
negotiating, or in any, manner dealing with the said Bills of Ex-
change, or either of them.
For further information, &c., apply to Messrs. Bash and Mullins,
solicitors, No. 7, St. Mildred's-court, Poultry, London.

PUBLICATIONS.

ARITHMETIC FOR YOUNG LADIES.
Now ready, in foolscap Bvo., price ss. cloth, a New Edition of
THE LADY'S PRACTICAL ARITHME-
.
ticrAN; or, Conversational Arithmetic, in which all the
Rules are explained in easy and familiar Language: to which is
added, a Short History of the Coinage, with Tables of the Weights
and Mea,ures of the Ancients. Adapted to the use of Ladies'
Schools and Private Families. By Mrs. HENRY AY IRS, Authoress
of " Addresses.to the Young." 2d Edition.
A Key to this Work is in preparation.
London : Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans.

NEW WORK ON THE FOOD OF ANIMALS AND FATTEN

ING OF CATTLE.
This day is published, in 1 vol. fcap. Bvo., price 53. cloth.
FXPERIMENTALRESEARCHES on the
FOOD of ANIMALS and the FATTENING of CATTLE :
Frith Remarks on the Food of Man. By ROBERT DUNDAS
THOMSON, M.D. of the University of Glasgow.
" The question of the origin of the fat of animals appears to be
completely resolved by these beautiful and elaborate expert-
mcn ts ." —Baron Liebig.
London : Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans.

Just published, price Gd. plain, or Is. coloured (Gd. extra if sent

- -
by post),
THE ORGANIC THEORY of DOCTORS
EXPOSED by the THIRD HYGEIAN PRINT, illustrating
the various ways in which the Medical Profession (as a body) are in-
terested in keeping up and teaching a false theory in Medicine, and
also in using rank poisons in Medicine. This print tends more to
open the ,eyes of. the public, to wrong medical treatment .than any-
thing which has yet appeaied._

May be had at the British College of Health, New road ; and at
the Hygcist Office, 368, Strand, London.
. _

It is- the third illustration brought out by the British College of
Health on this important question.

NEW MUSICAL PERIODICAL.
On the First of October will he published, price 6d., printed from En-
graved Plates, on paper of the usual Music size, No. I, of
THE MUSIC BOOK, a Weekly Periodical of
ORIGINAL MUSI ' by the mcst Eminent Composers, com-
prising Mrs. a Beckett, Balfe, Benedict, Alex. Lee, E. Loder, F. G.
Reed, J. 11. Tully, V. Wallace, Re. &c.
No. I. will contain " SING, MAIDEN, SING," the words (by
permission) by Barry Cornwall, the music by Balfe.
London : published at the Office of The Music Book, St. Bride's
Avenue, Fleet-street, and so'd by all Booksellers and Newsmen ; of
whom, and at the office, Prospectuses may be had.

PRICE EIGIITPENCE-HALFPENNY".
lIE PEOPLE'S JOURNAL.
Part VIII., for SEPTEMBER, contains

ENGRAVINGS:

Haydon's Dentatus.
r Joshua Reynold's Infant Hercules.
Portrait of Father Mathew, with Memoir, by William Howitt.
Scott Memorial, Edinburgh.
Faust and Margaret, by Scheffer.
ORIGINAL PAPERS.
Harriet Martineau's Survey from the Mountain, Lake and Moun-
tain Holydays, and Household Education.
The Kafirs of the Cape of Good Hope, by G. C. Munro.
Story of a Penny, by Mary Leman GlHies.
William Howitt on Flogging; on Grey, the Author of the Railway
System; and the Robber Band at Tusculum.
Mademoiselle Rachel, by Angus B. Reach.
The Birmingham Athenic Institute.
Life in New South Wales.
Ragged Schools of Liverpool.
Life of a Sailor, by Franklin Fox.
Music—Part Singing, by H, F. Chorley.
Democracy in Europe, by J. Mazzini ; No. 1.
Poems, Tales, Essays, &c., by 11. F. Chorley, R. H. Horne,Richard
Howitt, Mary Howitt, Thomas Campion, Caroline A. White, &c. &c.
In preparation, Portraits of and Papers on Lloyd, Garrison, Charles
Knight, W. C. Macready, W. J. Fox, &c.
London : People's Journal Office, 69, Fleet-street. Sold by all
Booksellers and Newsmen.

SILVER TEA SERVICES OF NEW PATTERNS.
B. SAVORY and SONS, Working
A• Silversmiths, 14, Cornhill, London, opposite the Bank,
respectfully inform their customers that they have recently finished
a few new designs, in accordance with the present improved taste,
and that they are sold at reduced prices from those customary in
the trade.

Uxbridge Pattern. Thalia raittern.
Strong Silver Tea Pot £lO IS 0 Strong Silver Tea Pot. Xl3 0 0
Ditto Sugar Basin 614 0 Ditto Sugar Basin.... 711 0
Ditto Cream Jug.. • • 4 10 6 Ditto Cream Ewer.. • . 5 2 0
Ditto Coffee Pot

Complete.. • •

£35 12

Complete •L• • • :•• £42 10 0

A variety of upwards of Fifty Silver Tea and Coffee Services may
be seen Ili the Show-tooms, and on application the illustrated Price
Current, containing drawings, with the weights and prices of recent
designs, will be forwarded to any part of Great Britair, Ireland,
India, or the colonies. Drawback on Silver Plate exported Is. Gd.
per ounce.

EAST VILLA, SCARBOROUGH.
TO BE SOLD, by PRIVATE CONTRACT, the above
most desirable FREEHOLD VILLA. with the Gardens and Plan-
tations surrounding the same, situate in front of Belvoir-terrzc‘.!, in
Scarborough.

The house commands a beautiful view of the sea and line of coast,
has a south aspect, and is well screened by the plantations from the
east wind. It contains spacious dining, drawing, and morning rooms,
four good family bed-rooms, four servants' bed-rooms, several excel-
lent closets, two kitchens, two Water-closets, and two staircases,
besides a scullery, butler's pantry, and other conveniences. It is
also well supplied both with hard and soft water, from a well and
cistern on the premises; and is ready for immediate occupancy.
Any person desirous of possessing a Marine Villa• Residence, would
find the present a valuable opportunity, as the house was recently
erected by the late occupier for her own residence, in a substantial
manner, with the best materials, and its situation is unexceptionable,
having the advanta;:e of easy access through the gardens and grounds,
to the Sands and Cliff Bridge.
For further particulars, and to view the property, apply to Mr.
Joseph B. Baker, wine merchant, or to
Messrs. lIESP and UPPLEB I", solicitors, Scarborough.
Scarborough, Sept. 14, 1846.

MARKWELL, PROPRIETOR of LONG'S
ti • HOTEL, Neiv Bond •street, London, and for many years at
Ibbotson's, begs to announce that Mr. IBBOTSON, having RETIRED
FROM BUSINESS, has transferred the whole of his Interest to the
above Itotel.

J. M. subjoins Mr. l.'s letter to his late Patrons, with many thanks
for the liberal support he has already received from them :
" I. Ibbotson avails himself of this opportunity to return his sincere
thanks for the long-continued kind patronage he has received, and at
the same time begs leave to say, that if it should please his patrons
to confer the same on Mr. Markweil, of Long's Hotel, Bond-street,
where he is convinced every attention will be shown, it would add
to the many favours hitherto conferred upon hint.
" Ibbotson's Hotel, Vere-street, Jan. I, 1846."

TO be PEREMPTORILY SOLD, pursuant to
a DECREE of the HIGH COURT of CHANCERY, made in
a Cause of " BATTEN v. PARFITT," with the approbation of
Sir GIFFIN WILSON-, one of the Masters of the said Court, at the
White Hart Inu, Glastonbury, in the county of Somerset,
011 THURSDAY, the 24th day of September, MG, at Three o'clock in
the afternoon, in 13 lots.

BRITISH ASSOCIATIO.N FOR THE
ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE.

SOUTHAMPTON, TUESDAY EVENING.—To-day, the
excitement caused by the visit of Prince Albert has
passed away, the town has resumed its wonted appear-
ance, and the proceedings of the sections have observed
their usual course, without the disturbance caused by
the arrangements for "amusing his Royal Highness,"
as the president of one of the sections observed, when a
popular abstract of a paper had been read, instead of the
paper itself. . Nothing is said of another visit from the
Prince, and the great gun of the meeting, the gun- cotton
of Professor Schoenbein, will be fired off to-night with-
out the presence of the royal patron. In the hurry to
save the railway train last eyeing it was impossible to
do more than give the results of Mr. Scott Russell's ex-
periments on the resistance of railway trains at different
velocities. I now return to that and to one or two other
subjects which there was no time to notice in yesterday's
proceedings.
RESISTANCE TO RAILWAY TRAINS.—The result of
Mr. Scott Russell's experiments are so remarkable, and
so oppscd to all previous notions on the subject, that
their accuracy may not unreasonably be questioned ;
and during the discussion that ensued, when he was
required to detail the mode by which the re-
sults were attained, there seemed some reason to sup.
pose that the resistances noted were caused under dif-
fering circumstances, so that the actual varying resistances
by different velocities alone were not correctly given.
Some of the results were taken from experiments made
at different times and under various conditions, and as
most of the new experiments were made on actual work-
ing trains, it may well be supposed that a difference
would arise. Nevertheless, it is very remarkable, that
under any circumstances of the experiment, the resist-
ance at a velocity of 45 miles an hour should be less than
at a velocity of 31; and still further strange is it, that
whilst between a speed of 32 and of 33 miles an hour
there is no difference in the resistance, that there should
be between the velocities of 46 and 47 miles an hour, an
increase of resistance from 23.11b5. to 33.71b5., and be-
tween 30 and 51 miles a diminution of from 32.91b5. to
26.41b5. per ton; whilst between the velocity of 51 miles
an hour, and of 53 there should be an increase from
26 411)5 to 41.71b5. In the formula which corresponds to-
lerably closely with the results of experiment, Mr. Scott
Russell estimated the friction at a constant quantity of
about tilbs the ton; the next element in the resistance was
the atmosphere, and this he estimated by multiplying
the area by the pressure and by the square of the velo-
city. The residue consisted of the various other causes
of obstruction which tended to impede the progress of
the train and occasion loss of power. One of these
causes was the concussion of the earth by the moving
train; for it was impossible the surface of the earth could
be continually agitated by the passing trains without a
great loss of power. Mr. Scott Russell offered no expla-
nation of the causes that could produce such extraordi-
nary results as his experiments exhibited. In the dis-
cussion that followed, Dr. Robinson stated, in reference
to the agitation caused by railway trains, that in his
astronomical obserVations he:had perceived the surface of
the mercury agitated at a distance upwards of 7,000 feet
from a moving train, and as the concussion would be ex-
tended both ways, it would amount to an agitation of
the earth over an area of the diameter of 1,500 feet.
GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OE AUSTRALIA.—Among
the papers read at the geological section yesterday was
one by Mr. Jukes, giving a sketch of the geology of
Australia. A portion of the sketch was of course only
conjectural, but observing that a chain of hills passed
from New South Wales in a direction nearly parallel
to the eastern coast, consisting of granite and other pri-
mary rocks, and that the order of stratification was the
same as in Europe, he concluded that the great level
tertiary formations om the opposite coast were in the
same order of succession, and that the geological axis of
that country lies in the chain of hills from New South
Wales, and that there is no greatly elevated districts in
the interior.

EVENING LECTURE.—Yesterday evening Mr L 3 eli de-
livered a discourse in the Assembly Rooms, " On the
Valley and Delta of the Mississippi, and other points in
the geology of the United States, from observations
made in the years 1845-46." The lecture was illustra-
ted by gigantic diagrams, exhibiting the principal rocks
and strata, and their dispositions, in the United States.
There, as in this country, the same formations are ob-
served, and following in the same order. It is Mr.
Lyell's opinion that most of the geological formations
were produced by the gradual though slow operations of
time, and in the valley of the Mississippi he found abun-
dant evidence in support of his views. To the deposi-
tion of the mud and vegetable matter brought down by
the stream of that mighty river he attributed the forma•
tion of the large peninsula of Florida ; and the appear-
ance of the banks of the Mississippi, with parts of the
trunks of trees growing over each other at all levels,
formed, he thought, the elements of future coal fields.
The room was very well attended, and the lecture was
received with much applause.

CHINEESE METHOD OF BORTNG.-Mr. Vignolles read
a paper in the mechanical section on the Chinese method
of boring, as practised on the Continent, and as appli-
cable to the boring of Artesian 'Wells, and for the venti-
lation of mines. The Chinese method, which has been
in successful operation for two thousand years, consists
in having a heavy weight, at the bottom of which is
fixed the cutting tool, attached to a long rope, which is
wound round an axle. The weight is drawn up for a
few feet, and then allowed to fall, like the monkey of a
pile-driving engine. By this means the labour and
time required to remove a rigid heavy rod, to withdraw
the rubbish, is greatly saved, and the work proceeds far
more quickly, and at much less cost. Though this
method has been introduced on the Continent very suc-
cessfully, the prejudices of English workmen have pre-
vented its adoption in this country.
The following is the list of all the papers read yester-
day:—

SECTION ♦.-MATHEMATICAL AND PHYSICAL SCIENCE.
Phillips, Professor—Report on anernometry.
Sykes, Colonel—On the fall of rain on the coast of
Travancore.

Brookes, C., Esq.—On a new self-registering ha-
romet.r, thermometer, and psychrometer.
Miller, J. F.—On the fall of rain in the Cumberland
Lake district.

Lee, Dr.—On meteorological observations made at
Alten in Finmark, and

Lee, Dr.—On the aurora, at Alten, in Finmark;
Christiana in Norway.
Rankin, Thos., Esq.—Account of a halo, paraselene,
and remarkable aurora borealis.

Dolland, G., Esq.—On an atmospheric recorder.
Childers, W. NV., Esq.—On the meteorology of Jersey.
SECTION 8.-CHEMICAL SCIENNE, INCLUDING ITS APPLI-

CATION TO ♦GRICULTURE AND THE ARTS.

Forchammer, Professor—On comparative analytical
researches on sea water.

Oersted, H. C., Professor—On the changes which
mercury sometimes suffers in glass vessels hermetically
sealed.

Rose, H., Professor—On a second new metal (pelo-
plum) in the Tantalite of Bavaria.

Leeson, Dr.—On the crystallography and a new
goniometer, illustrated by apparatus and models.
Connell, Professor—Analysis of the American nema-
lite.

Daubeny, Dr.—On Cavendish's experiment respecting
the production of nitric acid.
Percy, Dr., and Miller, Professor—Report on crystal-
line slags.
Gassiot, J. P., Esq., F.R.S.—On the electricity of
tension in the voltaic battery.

SECTION C.-GEOLOGY AND PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY.
Buckland, Very Rev. Dr.—On the applicability of M.
Fauvelle's mode of boring artesian wells to the well at
Southampton, and to other wells, and sinkings for coal,
salt, and other mineral beds.

Forbes, Professor E.—On some natural history phe-
nomena bearing on geology, observed since the last
meeting.

Fora h ammer, Dr.—On arctic currents, as exhibited in
the distribution of the north drift.

Jukes, J. 8., F.G.S.—Notice of some tertiary rocks
in the Islands, stretching from Java to Timor.
Ditto—Sketch of the geological structure of Australia.

SECTION D.-ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY.

Owen, Professor—On the vertebral structure of the
skull.

Thompson, Mr. W.—Zoology of Lough Neagh (the
entomological part by Mr. Halliday).
Portlock, Captain—On the natural history of Corfu.
Allman, Professor—On the structure of Christatella
mucedo.

Owen, Professor—On the embryogeny of pulmogrades
and ciliogrades, by Mr. J. Price.

SECTION F.-STATISTICS.

Guy, Dr.—On statistics of life in professional men.
Neeld, Mr.—Report on the criminal and miscellaneous
statistics of the police in Manchester.
Knowles, Mr.— On the supply of coal in Great Britain.
Porter, Mr. G. R.—Report on the iron manufacture of
Great Britain.

THE 1J NIVE R SAL GAS BURNER.
30 to 50 per Cent. Saved!
To be had at the Patentees. 60, St. Martin's-lane, Charing-cross.
The Patentees beg to call public attention to the following facts,
Ile advantages resulting from the invention are various and
striking. Independently of a saving of 30 to 50 per cent„ the com-
bustion is perfect, and the brilliancy produced superior to any light
hitherto discovered. It emits neither smell nor smoke, and burns
steadily for any period ; and such is Its purity, that it neither affects
or soils the most delicate colour or the finest fabric. Objections have
made to the introduction of gas in dwelling-houses, to the expense of
fittings, to its destruction of furniture, draperies, gold moulding, &c. ;
these are entirely obviated by the "PATENT UNIVERSAL GAS
BURNER." As the cost of laying on gas is muck lower than is com-
monly supposed, it is adapted for private dwellings, as well as for
club-houses, hotels, manufactories, and public buildings. One of the
small burners is amply sufficient to light a good-sized room, at a sum
immeasurably lower than spirit, oil, or candle, with the avoidance of
waste or trouble.

A FREEHOLD ESTATE, called the GLASTONBURY PARK
ESTATE, comprising a farm-house and buildings, and about 170
acres of arable, meadow, and pasture ground, including Weary-M.l-
- situate in the united parishes of Saint John the Baptist and
Saint Benedict Glastonbury, in the Eastern Division of the County
of Somerset.

SECTION G.-MECHANICS.

Sharp, Mr.—On gas meters.
Ricardo, Mr. M.—A description and models of self-
registering mechanism for recording the velocity and
e resistanc of railway trains.
_ _

Particulars and conditions of sale, with plan, may be obtained
(gratis) at the said Master's office, in Southampton-buildings, Chan-
cery-lane, London ; of Messrs. Clowes, NVedlake, and Co., 10, King's
Bench-walk, Temple, London ; of Mr. John Batten, jun., Yeovil ; of
Messrs. Wiglesworth, Ridsdale, and Co., 5, Gray's Inn-square,
London ; of Mr. Raven, 2, King's Bench-walk, London ; of
Messrs. Newman and Lyon, solicitors, Yeovil; of Mr. Short, solici-
tor, Bristol ; of Mr. Pratt, solicitor, Glastonbury; of Messrs. Clark,
Gray, and Woo,lcock, 20, Lincoln's Inn-fields, London; of Messrs.
Cooke and Sons, solicitors, Bristol ; at the Commercial R 301115, Bris-
tol ; the White Hart Inn, Bath ; the Castle Inn, Taunton ; the Cla-
rence Inn, Bridgewater , the Swan Inn, Webs ; and at the place
cf sale.

The estate may be viewed on application to Mr. Thomas Corner,
at the farm-house; or to Mr. A. Bailey, at the White hart Inn,
Glastonbury.

CLOVES, WEDLAKE. and CLOWES, Temple, London,
Plaintiff's Agents,

COURT OF ALDERMEN.

Yesterday the first Court after the holidays was held.
THE LORD MAYOR-CONSERVANCY OF THE UPPER PART

OF THE THAMES.

ELECTRO-PHYSICMCW4 Y.—This morning M. Matteuci
made a communication in French in the physical section,
containing the summary of his researches in electro-
physiology. He attributes muscular contraction to elec-
trical force, and he contended, that by the forms of the
muscles and of the nerves, they were calculated to form
voltaic batteries, and to become in the positive and nega-
tive states of electricity. The communication was re-
plete with interesting speculations and demonstrations ;
but, as Professor Owen observed, they required to be
read and considered before they could be perfectly un-
derstood. Sir J. Herschel said the cause of muscular
force had been hitherto not satisfactorily explained, and
he made a few suppositions, merely with a view of in-
viting discussion, to the effect that it was possible that
muscular contraction might be caused by the altered
position of the muscles of muscular fibrine, supposing
them to continuous be ellipsoids, and that the changes of
position might be produced by electrical cdrrents. Mr.
Carpenter maintained, on the contrary, that muscular con-
traction is not due to nervous influence in many cases,
and he felt confident that muscular fibrine is composed
of tubes divided into sections longer than their dia-
meters. The contraction of these fibres, he said, was
produced, not by reversing their positions, as conjec-
tureidenbliteSde Sir John
eetHieenral divisions.sehel but by the depression of
the

The report of the Lord Mayor's visit to Oxford, and
his conservancy trip in the western district within his
jurisdiction, was brought up and read.
The following are extracts. We exclude a good deal
of matter descriptive of the exceedingly warm reception
given to his Lordship and the numerous party by which
he was accompanied, at Oxford and other places to which
the visit was extended. After having described the ele-
gant hospitality with which Mr. and Mrs. Morrison, of
Baceldon House, entertained his Lordship and party,
the report in substance goes on thus:—
On Friday morning, the 7th of August, the Lord
Mayor was joined at Reading by Thomas Raymond
Barker, Esq., the chairman of the commissioners of the
Thames navigation, and also by the Mayor of Reading,
and embarked on board the state barge soon after eight
o'clock. A large number of the inhabitants of the town
were assembled on the banks to witness his Lordship's
departure, and a considerable company were on board a
barge decorated with flogs and garlands of flowers,
and attended by a band of music, who accom-
panied the Lord Mayor nearly as far as Henley.
During the progress down the river Mr. Barker ex-
plained to the Lord Mayor the various works for the
improvement of the navigation which had been executed
by the commissioners since Alderman Wilson's view,
and particularly the new bridge and high towing-bridge
just completed above Henley lt
appears that the Kennet and Avon Canal is now used in
preference to the Thames and Severn Canal, as a more
desirable communication between London and Bristol,
in consequence of the present improved state of the
navigation in the upper districts, and when the import-
ance of trade, by rail and navigation, between the cities
of London and Bristol, and the adjoining counties and
districts, is duly considered, and how essential it is to
the interests of all parties concerned that every facility
should be afforded to retain and, if possible, increase the
same, which can only be done by maintaining the line
in the most efficient state, and by suitable modification
and reduction of tolls where it presses heavily on the
public, it becomes obvious that surveys of a similar
nature to the present, having for their view those
desirable objects, are requisite and important, as well
as tend to keep up a friendly communication and in-
tercourse between the local commissioners and the
magistrates of the Corporation of London, who, by
virtue of their office, under the authority of Parlia-
ment, are likewise commissioners of the upper districts
of the river Thames as before stated. The Lord Mayor,
as conservator of the river Thames, feels it his duty to
draw the particular attention of the court to the various
Act. of Parliament which have been passed from time to
time for the improvement of the navigation of the rivers
Thames and Isis, and more particularly those of the 11th
Geo. 111., cap. 45, and the 35th Geo. 111., cap. 106,
under the provisions of which the Lord Mayor and
Aldermen of the City of London for the time being are
constituted and appointed Commissioners of the upper
districts from the City of London to the town of Crick-
lade, in the county of Wilts, feeling fully confident that
unless the navigation in those districts is properly at-
tended to, the locks and other works kept in good order
and repair, and suitable reductions made in the tolls and
lock-charges, it will be impossible for the barge-owners
successfully to compete with the carriage of goods and
merchandise by means of railway, and that consequently
all interests connected with the above portion of this
noble river must be most seriously affected, if not ulti-
mately destroyed. His Lordship cannot refrain from
alluding to the statement of the Chairman of the Com-
missioners as to the necessity of reducing the tolls
on the whole line, and his hope that the private
lockholders would consent to an unanimous scale
of reduced tolls throughout the whole navigation.
The Lord Mayor has now to report that he assured Mr.
Barker that himself and his brethren, the aldermen,
would readily attend the meeting of the commissioners
whenever it was thought their attendance, advice, or
assistance would in any way tend to promote the interest,
or render any benefit to the navigation of the river.
Tho Lord Mayor feels he cannot conclude this report
without expressing his approbation of the general state
of the work, both in the upper and the city districts,
and of the improvements now being carried out for the
further benefit of the navigation ; and he avails himself
of the present opportunity of conveying the assurance
of the commissioners (as expressed by their chairman)
of their satisfaction at visits like the present, which ma-
terially tend
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London and assist in the King's butlerage upon that
occasion, on which they expressed in high terms thr-
attention they experienced from the mayor and alder-
men of London, his Lordship annexed this document to
the report.

Fairbairn, Mr.—Gave a short account of the experi-
ments in connexion with the proposed tubular bridges
across the Conway and Menai Straits. The subject will
be renewed to-morrow, Tuesday, the 15th inst.
Russell, Mr. Scott.—Account of some recent experi-
ments on railway trains, for the determination of the
resistance at high velocities.

The merits of the " Burner," its brilliancy and economy surpassing
every other known light, are shown by the annexed authentic
opinions of the qualities of the UNIVERSAL GAS BURNER.
Extract from the Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers,
Tuesday, 26th May, 1846, Sir Jouti RLSNIE, President, in the Chair.
" A gas burner of a novel and ingenious construction was exhibited.
Tile principal neveltywas the introduction of a stream of air to the
centre of the flame by a hollow button in the middle of the burner.
The air passing up through the hollow' stem of the button, was
heated, and passed out by two series of fire-holes around the periphery,
and impinging with force on the flame of the gas curved it outwards
in the shape of a tulip, while the oxygen of the air, mingling with
the carburetted hydrogen gas, produced a very perfect combustion,
The flame was quite white down the top of the burner, was very steady,
as was amply demonstrated by the excellent light of the Institution,
where these burners have been used. In comparing the consumption
of these burners with that of the concentric ring burners, and trying
the power of the two lights by the photometer, the new burner gave a
better light, with a saving of rather more than one-third."

THE SCHOOLMASTER WANTED.-1X marriages
were solemnised at our parish church on Sunday last,
and, out of the twelve newly-married persons, only one
could write his name. Of the twelve witnesses-. to the
ceremony not one could write. Thus, of twenty-four
whose signatures should be in the register, twenty-three
had to affi.x mule.—Presion Chroniela

Another communication ona---siinilar subject was made
by Dr. Joseph Buller, in which, however, without refer-
ence to the action of electricity, he described the develop •
merit of a bird from the egg,
The proceedings in this section were considerably
disturbed by the rattling of plates and knives in the ad-
joining room, preparatory to the general dinner, which
is to take place this evening.
INFLUENCE OF SPONGY PLATINA.—The Rev. Dr.
Robinson read a paper hi the chemical section," On the
Influence exerted by finely-divided Platina on the Elec-
trodes of a Voltameter.' Though the communication
occupied time, the principal point which Dr.
Re 's experimentsrg were calculated to show was,
that
a bt
a
i‘aysl°l a l°
en the electrodes of a voltameter are covered with
a finely-comminuted platina, the decomposition of water
is effected not only by a less powerful current of electri-
city, but when, in fact, there is apparently no active
current whatever. He thought this effect analogous to
other instances in which the inherent forces or attrac-
tions of bodies are increased by bringing them into closer
contact, by extending their surfaces.
Mr. GRCVE agreed with Dr. Robinson as to the cause
of the increased effect, and in commenting on the subject
he alluded to the peculiar fact, that ebullition in no cir-
cumstances seems to take place excepting from the sur-
face of solid bodies. The bubbles of air in a glass of
Champagne, for example, always rise from the bottom
or sides of the glass, and the steam of boiling water
always collects in bubbles against the solid surface,
and never rises from amongst the particles of the liquid.
He was of opinion that, supposing it possible to heat
water without contact with a solid surface, fluid would
not boil till the whole mass burst into ebullition at once.
THE TUBULAR BRIDGER.—In the mechanical section
to-day Mr. Fairbairn read the whole paper, of which an
abstract only had been given yesterday, respecting the
proposed construction of tubular bridges over the river
Conway and the Menai Straits. The discussion that
took place after the reading of the paper was very inte-
resting. The bridge at Menai, which is to be called the
Britannia-bridge, will be supported on four piers, and
the distance between the central piers will be 450 feet.
The weight of the metal is estimated at 1,200 tons, and
it will be constructed of wrought iron. Mr. Eyton sug-
gested that it would be better to strengthen the tube by
inverted iron arches, to protect it from the action of the
ought to ascertain what was
wind. Dr. Robinson said that, though the bridge might
be quite strong enough to bear a dead weight, he
likelythought o
btheetheengreinsieleiersnt
force on the sudden rushing of
the engine on to the bridge. He apprehended also that
the vibrations might be cumulative, and increase as the
train advanced, until they produced a serious effect. At
the same time he trusted to the skill and caution of the
engineers, that they would make the tube sufficiently
strong, and with respect to the calculated action of the
wind at 501bs. to the square foot, he thought they
had exceeded all possible effects of storms by
one-half; for a wind acting with the power of 501bs.
to the square foot must be moving with the velocity
of 110 miles an hour. During the severest storm
that he had known the velocity of the wind was not
more than fifty miles an hour. Mr. Fairbairn, in reply
to these and to other remarks, said chat not one-sixth of
the estimated breaking weight could be placed on the
bridge. The plates on the outside at the top would be
nine-sixteenths of an inch, and those inside would be
half an inch thick. The bridge, from bank to bank,
would consist of one rectangular tube, rivetted together
and resting on the supports. To avoid the effect of
vibration it was intended to lay the rails on vulcanised
India rubber, about two inches thick. The tube would
be elevated to its position in compartments, to be after-
wards rivetted together when fitted. The first compart-
ment nearest the pier would be raised on pontoons at
high tide, and fitted into a rest at the bottom of a groove
in the pier. up which it would be elevated by hydraulic
pressure. The only risk to be feared in fixing the bridge
was a high wind during the raising the first compart-
ment, for when that was fixed the remainder would not
be attended with risk. With respect to the strength of
the bridge to bear a lateral pressure, he said that had
not yet been tried, but it would be efficiently tested on
the model bridge, and the suggestions of Dr. Robinson
respecting sudden impact, and the effect of continued
vibration, should be attended to. The Presieent was
compelled, by shortness of time, to put an end to the
discussion.

PRICE SD.

to be called, he thought that they would be doing in
three years that which ought to occupy them a quarter
of a century.' He thought very highly of the lines, and
that they would pay a remunerating profit to the Man-
chester and Leeds Railway.
The CHAIRMAN said it was not the wish of the direc-
tors to press heavily on any shareholder. They would
not make any call before the end of February or the
beginning of March, and he believed that the amount of
that call would not be more than 21. per share, and he
believed further, that not mere than 21. per share more
would be required throughout the next year. The branch
from Huddersfield to Bradford would be a profitable one,
and between Halifax to Bradford there would be consi-
derable traffic.—(Applause.)
Met srs. Briggs and Walker were appointed auditors.