The Sun.
London, England, 1848-12-08 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, DECEMBER $, 1848,

of the men charged with conspiring against the
Republic and with complicity in the May rebellion,
has been within the last few days somewhat con-
firmed by the appearance of a work which is little
better than the subtlest advocacy of the cause of
Reaction. The work is a companion book
to the notorious autobiography of Citizen
FoucHE—it is the " Secret History of the Revo-
lutions of 1848," by Citizen CAussIDIERE.*
Now Citizen CAUSSIDIBRE was employed by the
Executive Government as the Prefect of the Police in
Paris ; and when we find this same Citizen CAUSSI-
DIERB striving in two mortal volumes to ridicule the
Moderate Republicans under whom he served, and
against whom he conspired—when we find this same
Citizen CAUSsIDIERE endeavouring to prove himself
to be the only honest patriot in France at the
very moment when he is revealing the secrets of his
former colleagues—when we find this same citizen
CAUSSIDIERE declaring for that Red Republicanism
which deluged the streets of the French capital with
blood in the month of June, and for that insane
Socialism which nurtured the Ouvriers of the Ate-
liers Nationaux into traitors capable of perpetrating
any atrocity towards their fellow•citizens—we may
with some reason begin to regard " Citizen Caussi-
DIERE, ex-Prefect of Police, and Representative
of the People," as another of those anomalous
characters who are just now devoting their
plastic and elastic talents to the encourage-
ment of the hopes of the reactionaires. To-
wards the close of his eccentric revelations this
rather confidential ex-Prefect of Police strives to
clothe himself in the allurements of pensiveness.
Alas ! he sighs, " I had golden dreams !" And over
the dissipation of those dreams he laments in a poetic
postscript—those golden dreams being such as are
associated with the men who have affrighted the
world with the blasphemies articulated at their
Democratic and Socialist Banquets men
whose watch-cries were " Vire l'Enfer ! Vice
la Guillotine ! Vive MARAT Vice RO-
BESPIERRE 1" men who coupled their impieties
of speech with a flippancy of manner which
rendered them doubly horrible, and who drank
brutal toasts, associating the awful name of GOD
with those of ATTILA and JULIAN the Apostate !
If a wholesome antidote is required to the per-
nicious " disclosures" of Citizen CAussIDIERE, it will
be found in a pamphlet published almost simul-
taneously with the more pretentious work
of the French Socialist—we mean the ad-
mirable Letter"j- recently - addressed to the
ex-Chancellor Lord BROUGHAM, by HUNTER
GORDON, Esquire, of Lincoln's Inn. In this
brief but eloquent vindication, of the results of
the Revolution, as tending not only to the happiness
of millions but also to the diffusion of the divine prin-
ciples of religion, will be recognised many passages
which afford a direct refutation to the lugubrious
howlings and cynical calumnies of Citizen Caussi-
DIERE. In directing attention therefore to the two
volumes penned by the French Representative, we are
particularly solicitous to refer the public at the same
instant to the pamphlet emanating from the heart of
the English Barrister.

The memorial recently presented to the Lords
Justices of Ireland from the rate-payers of the West-
port Union and the reply thereto are documents
suggestive of many grave considerations: The abso,
lute necessity of prompt and energetic action is
thdreby most clearly demonstrated. Something must
be done, and that speedily, or the most fearful con-
sequences must ensue—involving all classes, as well
landlords and tenants, as tradesmen and labourers, in
one common ruin. The very extent of the assistance
that has already been afforded the grants
and loans contributed alike from the national
Exchequer, and from the voluntary contributions
of Englishmen, point out most forcibly the vast ex-
tent of misery and destitution that has prevailed in
that union since the first failure of the potato crop,
which formed the almost exclusive support of the la-
bouring population. The simple facts that no less
than 93,3251., a sum considerably more than double
the ♦aluation of the entire union, was freely and ab-
solutely granted for the relief of the suffering inha-
bitants within the last two years, and that further
sums, amounting in the whole to 40,0061., were
advanced by way of lean within the same period,
making a grand total of 133,8311., or 68s. in the
pound, on the valuation, brought in aid of the re-
sources of the union, while the rates struck
from the month of September, 1842, until May,
1848, amounted but to 12,501/. 145., of which sum
4,1131. only had been collected—these facts,: we
say, indicate at the same time the extremity of the
distress and the poverty of the resources of the in-
habitants, and the wonderful liberality of the
British nation. We must presume then that an
absolute necessity existed for the aid that
was rendered with such profuse munificence—tha
these enormous advances were essential to the pre-
servation of the lives of the people. It could have
been no fictitious distress, no pretended destitution,
that elicited such extraordinary assistance. It would
be a libel upon the Government to assert that they
could have been so egregiously duped as to have
sanctioned such extravagant gifts and loans, save
under circumstances of the utmost pressure. Its
beyond a doubt, then, that the resources of the
Union were insufficient to support its poverty, and
let us see how far those resources have been im-
proved within the present year, so as to render that
task now practicable which last year was clearly
impossible.

The first questions that naturally arise are, how has
that vast sum been expended ? Has any and what
portion thereof been applied in the improvement of
the soil or in bringing new land into cultivation, se
that larger supplies of food may be obtained
therefrom for the support of the people ? We
regret to say that r.o satisfactory answers
can be returned to these interrogatories. More
than 122,0001. thereof was expended in 1847
under the Labour-rate Act and the Temporary Re-
lief Act. No permanent or lasting benefit was
thereby conferred upon the country. Myriads of
able-bodied men, with their families, were fed at the
national expense; but no useful labour was required
from them in return. The works that were
executed were of no public utility, while the
gratuitous supply of food to strong men
had an injurious and demoralizing effect.
It is notorious that in too many instances lands that
had previously been cultivated were left untilled and
uncropped, and that the produce of the soil was far
below the average, both in quantity and quality,
20,9501. only was advanced within the present year,
and that at its very commencement, from the funds
of the British Association. The small farmers,
the yeomanry, that constituted the most valu-
able class in the community, have been flying
by thousands and tens of thousands from the
fated districts, carrying with them all their avail-
able funds, and abandoning their exhausted
holdings to the landlords, as scanty recompenses for
rpoersneivnyteeciinreriarsireraear, or perhaps assigning their farms to
paupers, in order that they might be enabled to ex-
raet further sums from the pockets of the im-
ea—dnidpersoprietors as the price of peaceful sur
inaaollroder )to avoid the tedious and expen-
sive
held high position,
by law. Many of those who
and comforhtlsgbthi:taiti"' enjoying all the luxu-
riessetce,alth and influence could
afford, have been obligee s ulb
hn ite
et
con
nthet
nn most
o f p ami na fnuyl
oanf dthhousempileirastoinngs hPraisvabtets but little better than that
of the paupers whose support has absorbed all their
resources. The comparatively small sums that have
been collected for poor-rate, notwithstanding the
unceasing exertions that have been made,
establishes the inability of the proprietors and
occu-
piers of the soil to meet the legitimate demands that
have been made. It indicates the comparative
perish
-
vency of the district, and proves that some aid must
be rendered, or that the people will
by lingering and painful deaths, and that all
classes will be involved in one common ruin.
The conclusion which naturally arises from these
premises is that set forth in the memorial, that it is
the duty of the Government to avert the calamity
and that for that purpose it " should come forward

•
Memoirs of Citizen Caussidiere," 2 vols.,- pp. 57
Loadon,:-Itiehard Bentley, 1E348: The work i;, atleaSt;
a surprising curiosity.

Letter to the itight Hon. Henry Lord Brougham,
F.R.S., &e., on the Influence of the French Revolution
on the Church of France." By Hunter Gordon, Esq.,
Byo., pp. 56; London, J6lllOll Ridgway, 1848,

promptly and liberally to make pro%'ision for the
poor)" obtaining all possible assistance and co-opera-
tion from the rate-payers.

It may be asked, whether we would have the na-
tion permanently saddled with the expense of feeding
this enormous main of poverty and destitution ;
whether Ireland is for ever to remain a drain upon
the Imperial Treasury? Such is not our desire or our
wish. On the contrary, we would offer the strongesit
opposition to any suggestion of the kind. But it is
to avoid so painful a necessity, to prevent a
result so burdensome to the British and
so humiliating to the Irish nation, that
we insist upon the adoption of some adequate
measures, and that without one moment's unnecessary
delay. The people may be maintained without the ul-
timate loss of one shilling to the national Exchequer,
without the imposition of a single pound of additional
taxation. Considerable profits may even be ob-
tained, that will more than repay the sums
bestowed upon the Union within the past two
years. Would it not be an act of madness to
neglect the golden opportunity, to remain
inert and apathetic when there is so urgent a neces
sity for prompt and vigorous action? The reclama-
tion of the waste lands, the development of the deep
sea and coast fisheries, are the means by which these
desiderata can be obtained. 'We are prepared
to prove that the great bulk of the population could
be employed in draining the bogs and the reclaiming
of mountains, and that the land so ameliorated would,
within a brief space, realise more than double the
amount expended .on its improvement. The only
possible objections that can be urged are those which
Mr. RIGBY WASON has so happily ridiculed—viz., the
impolicy of the Government interfering with private
property, or affording general employment to
the people. The owners of that property have
in their memorial declared their inability
to discharge the duties incidental to its position.
They must therefore yield it up to those better qua-
lified to do so. And surely it is better to employ the
people, and to obtain a valuable return, than to see
them perish of starvation or to support them in use•
less idleness.; and these are the only alternatives.

Although neither Sir CULLING EARDLEY nor Mr.
DENISON is exactly the man whom we should
consider as best calculated to represent the West
Riding of Yorkshire in Parliament, yet, as there ap-
pears no probability of any other candidate being
seriously proposed, it becomes the duty of each
elector of the West Riding seriously to consider
the pretensions of these gentlemen, and although
neither may be the beau ideal of a Representative of
the people, to give his support to that candidate who
approaches the nearest to what the Representative of a
constituency so important ought to be ; and after
the scene which took place at the Halifax meeting,
there can he no doubt but that Sir CULLING EARD-
LEY is in all respects superior to his opponent.
We cannot but regret that this contest has been
made so peculiarly a religious contest. The sacred
religion of peace should never be desecrated by
being made a weapon of secular warfare; and
it is much to be regretted that all mankind can-
not be brought to consider that every man
should be permitted to worship his MAKER after
his own manner, without let or hindrance, or
even inquiry from his fellow-man. The introduction
of the question of religion into this contest is the
more to be regretted, because, after the exhibition at
Halifax, there appears to be no very substantial dif-
ference between the two candidates on the question of
Roman Catholic endowments which has been put for-
ward as the cheval de bataille of this contest
Sir CULLING EARDLEY, in a bold and straightforward
manner, declares that he will not consent to any grant
of money for the support of the Roman Catholic
religion, while Mr. DENISON was reluctantly
brought to admit that, although he might be
induced to vote money for Roman Catholic schools,
it would only be on such conditions as would abso-
lutely preclude any conscientious Roman Catholic
from taking advantage of the grant, so that on this
point there is very little practical difference
between the two candidates ; and to Sir CULLING
EARDLEY must be granted the merit of having
never shirked the declaratio❑ of his opinions ; while
it was necessary to subject Mr. DENISON to a
raking cross-examination in order to elicit from him his
notions on the question of Roman Catholic school
endowments. On all other questions there cannot
be a doubt but that the opinions of Sir CUI,
LEN EARDLEY are much more in accordance
with those of the electors of the West
Riding than are those of Mr. DENISON.
Sir CULLING EARDLEY is and has been a staunch
free-trader. Mr. DENISON is a protectionist, has a
hankering after a re-enactment of the corn-laws,
although he will not at present support such a pro-
position (k nowing very well he could never carry it),
and innocently states that he believes free trade to
mean the total repeal of all import duties, whether
imposed for revenue or for protection. If this
be really Mr. DENISON'S belief, he is far
too simple a gentleman to represent the
West Riding, he should go to school again—.
if it be not he is far too casuistical to be safely
trusted. Again, Sir CULLING EARDLEY is for an
immediate extension of the suffrage. Mr. DENISON
will not vote for extension of the suffrage at present,
but he will advise his infant grandson to do so, when
he shall, half a century hence, succeed to the
DENisom property, provided the people shall
be in a proper state to benefit by such
extension, the DENISONS themselves, of course
being the judges of what is or is not a proper state-
But, above all, Sir CULLING EARDLEY supports, and
Mr. DENISON opposes the ballot. Mr. DENisoN
would have the constituency slaves, Sir CULLING
EARDLEY would make them freemen. Mr. DENISON
would have the serfs driven up to the poll to,record a lie,
and calls the power possessed by the landholder, so
to make his serf record a lie, the legitimati
influence of property. Sir CULLING EARDLEY
would emancipate those serfs, and enable
theca honestly and conscientiously to fulfil
the sacred trust confided to them by the con-
stitution, by restraining the illegitimate in-
fluence of property. Mr. DENISON in his club
seeks refuge from the Bully of society in the ballot.
The voter is entitled to the same protection,"
as was justly and eloquently observed by
Mr. HENRY BERKELEY, in his speech on the ballot,
last session—" The voter is entitled to the same pro-
tection against the Bully Qf Politics." That pro-
tection Mr. DENISON refuses him; and, therefore,
Mr. DENISON is not the man for the West Riding.

BANK OF Fain'Alf:D.—Another specimen of in-
genious fraud has been discovered at this establishment.
A few days ago a note of 1,0001. was presented for pay-
ment. The inspector examined it, found it genuine,
looked to the numbers of the stopped notes, and seeing
that the note presented was not among them, two 5001.
notes were given in exchange, for which gold was pro-
cured almost immediately. On the following day it was
discovered that the leading figure of the number had
been dexterously changed, and that 94,825 was, altered
to 04,825. It required the eye of a chemist.to detect the
change ; and as no blame can be attached to the in-
spector, we presume the "rest" will be reduced by the
amount paid in error. The figure was so well inserted
that no ordinary examination was equal to its discovery.
The note thus sent in formed one of a series of which a
bank clerk was defrauded a few years ago.
FIRE AT THE LIVERPOOL GAS WORES.-1 fire
broke out on the premises of the Old Gas Company's
Works, in Dale-street, about twelve o'clock at noon,
which at one period had an alarming aspect, owing to
the fears entertained of its communicating with three
other gasometers. The fire was first noticed on the roof
of the house containing the gasometer No. 2, but how it
originated we cannot at present ascertain. A small fire-
engine upon the premises was speedily put in actionfand
kept up as vigorous a flow of water as its limited powers
admitted, the fire continuing to spread along the roof,
portions of which from time to time fell in. Two of the
West of England fire-engines arrived soon atter, and, by
their continued play upon the roof, the inside of the
building, and the adjoining divisions, containing three
Other gasometers the fire was completely subdued shortly
after one o'cluck. The damage sustained will be some-
what
ng considerable,ha s fal
fallen
in and
for rneatrhlye
windowsthewholaerecro
roofo completely
fettehlyo
buildismashed. The workmen belonging to the gas-works
exertedb themselves very praisewortbily, and the fire
dinuritgaieettejdaTanhndec
et ea
aiyrnocdr o
wmv
vigorous
oaornnoduet
shr ,e Mng
rr
ot.
hullen Hew,
xi
est toe,
uawtwere
wop
afr
sot
hmme pirrt.
Dowling, the head constable; and both rendered their
valuable services on the occasion.
TlLEevradrady aannd LATEiJ.n
sue AL
ph- L, OF
Langton, heldA
thußepoAtnwmotwhieAablrboomdArieeßsr:ouif:GileeYdorebgsy;
the fall of an arch on the East and West India Mac"
and Birmingham Junction Railway, when the jury re-
turned a special verdict of" Accidentally killed, and that
the arches being ,injured by rain the centres had been
removed too early."

THE FRtNCII EtPtTBLIC.

'We have received the Paris papers of yesterday.
The journal dos De'iato publishes the following
letter from Naples !---4
" Our city is in the greatest state of emotion at the
news of the arrival of the Pope at Gaeta, in company
with the French and Bavaria* Ministers at Rome. The
King, with all the Royal Fomily, left yesterday morning
for Gaeta, to welcome his Holiness. His Majesty has
returned, but the greatest mystery prevails as to the re-
sult of his interview;
" Nothing is yet known as to whether his holiness
will remain at Gaeta, or whether he will come on to
Naples. In the opinion of many impartial minds in
Italy, it is to be hoped that he will not leave the latter
place, as it might serve as a pretext for the ultra-
liberal
party, and give a sort of colour to such of our '
patriots who will not fail to accuse the Pope of having
thrown himself into the arms of the representative of
the Absolutist and Austrian principle. It is unfortunate
that the road to Naples was the only one open to the
Pope. The road to Civita Vecchia was guarded, and
to go into Tuseany was equally impossible from the state
of agitation which now prevails in that country. The
following is what is surmised with regard to the future
residence of the Pope:—He cannot, it is thought, re-
main long at Gaeta, where there is no suitable accom-
modation for him. The city of Benevento offers greater
s, that of being indepen-
deninconveniences for want of
advat;ntabguets,there and, among
arealostoher
proper accommodation. The convent of Mount Cassino
would be a sort of inaccessible desert, and, besides, is
too near the Roman frontier to be inaccessible to a
coup de main as a last resource, the royal palace of
Caserta, near Naples, is named; but the same objections
might be raised against this place as against Naples.
Then there remains Malta, Spain, and France.
"The arrival of his Holiness has caused great delight
here, as well amongst the friends of religion as amongst
those of the Government, to whom it gives a great
moral strength and a powerful relief in Europe. The
French, Spanish, and Bavarian Ministers are extolled
to the skies for having assisted the Pope in his flight.
" His Holiness had for several days been narrowly
watched. M. de Sparn, the Bavarian Minister, presented
himself at the palace, and expressed an anxious wish to
see the Pope on the subject of a pretended marriage be-
tween the Count de Trepani and a Bavarian Princess.
He was introduced into the Pope's cabinet, but the door
was kept open, and several persons remained on guard
in the adjoining room. After some time M. d'Harcourt,
the French Minister, arrived, and was also introduced.
He entered into an animated conversation with the per-
sona who were in the ante-room, in order to take
off their attention from what was passing iu the Pope's
cabinet. After a short time, one of the persons on
guard looked into the cabinet—it was empty. The
Pope had disguised himself in the robe of a
simple priest, and had been allowed to pass out as
the chaplain of the Bavarian Minister. On crossing
the Neapolitan frontier an apparent difficulty
arose. The commandant of the town, after having
examined the passport of the Bavarian Minister, in-
sisted on seeing that of the chaplain. M. de Sparn
whispered a few words in the ear of the officer, who in-
stantly threw himself on his knees before the mule on
which the pretended chaplain was riding, when he was
immediately recognised to be the Pope, and received
the acclamations and welcome of all around.
" M. d'Harcourt only arrived at Gaeta on the 26th,
by the Tenare steamer, from Civita Vecchia. It is not
known where M. Martinez de la Rosa, the Spanish Am-
bassador, now is. The accounts from Rome are very
confused. According to some accounts, the residence
of the Bavarian Minister has been pillaged and burnt,
in consequeence of the part taken by that diplomatist in
the escape of the Pope. The plan of his escape had
been concocted by the members of the diplomatic corps,
and all their measures taken with the greatest skill and
secresy. Cardinal Antothelli left 24 hours before for
Gaeta, in order to prepare everything on the road, and
for his reception at that place.
The expedition to Civita Vecchia had s ailed from
Marseilles before the arrival from Paris of the order
countermanding it. A letter from Marseilles dated
Dec. 3d, says,—" The expedition for Civita Vecchia
left our harbour last evening. At one time it was sup-
posed that there would hare been a serious delay,
owing to the steam-frigate ?tlagellon getting aground
on going out of harbour. After much exertion she
was got off, and the fleet—composed of the Magellon,
Labrador, and Montezuma steam-frigates—set sail
for Italy. The expedition is composed of 3,200 men,
in infantry, artillery, and engineers." The Monte-
zuma and Labrador took on board at Toulon an im-
mense quantity of ammunition and projectiles. A
fast steamer has, it is said, been dispatched after the
fleet to command its return to France. M. DE Cox-
CELLES sailed on board the Osires for Gaeta on
the 3d.
The Committee appointed to consider the decree of
the 19th Sept., awarding public recompenses, has
been greatly scandalised at discovering that among
the persons to whom it is proposed to grant pensions
are not only those who during the former reign were
imprisoued for political offences merely, but some of
the conspirators in the attempts of FIESCLII, DARMES,
and ALIBAUD. _ _ _

In consequence of the excitement produced by this
discovery Id. DUrAURE, in the sitting of the Assem-
bly on Wednesday, introduced a project of law alto-
gether annulling the decree of the 19th September.
On the announcement of this, M. DE LAROCHE'.
/AS.LUELIN demanded that the scandalous documents
connected with the project should be deposited in the
archives of the Assembly. He declared that the pro-
ject was withdrawn before the indignation of the
Assembly. M. DUFAURE declared that he was un-
acquainted with the documents alluded to.
The ballot for the Vice-Presidents and Secretaries
of the Assembly was completed en Wednesday, when
General BEDEAU and MM. LAcaoss, Maio' 'Livia,
GOUDCHAUX, and CORDON, were declared elected
Vice-Presidents; MM. LANGLOIS and LAUSSEDAT,
Secretaries,
The Minister of the Interior has just addressed a
circular to the prefects of the departmants, in which,
after alluding to his former circular respecting the
conduct they were to adopt respecting the election for
President of the Republic, he says :
" Your task is not yet accomplished. It is to the day
of election itself that I especially call your attention
and watchfulness. It is at that moment that you must
exert all your efforts to ensure what we have sought
for above all things—freedom in giving the suf-
frages, the truth and sincerity of election.
You will remember that acts to be regretted sig-
nalised, in certain places, the general elections in April
last, and presented a lamentable contrast with the calm
and imposing character which they had in nearly all
the points of France. In some places ignorance or cre-
dulity were imposed upon by substituting false for real
bulletins; in other places votes wero obtained by vio-
lence, and the electoral urn was profaned by a misled
animosity. It may not be impossible that, if not the
perversity of some minds, the vivacity of political pas-
sions, that species of intoxication excited by the still
novel exercise of universal suffrage, may again produce
similar attempts at fraud and disorder. I need not inti-
mate to you how much it behoves you to avert them,
and how much importance I attach to their being
promptly and energetically repressed. I well know
that these disorders can arise only from a few isolated
and insensate attempts, and in the result of the ballots
have an insignificant influence; but, in a
they will only
moral point of view, the election of the President ought
to be purely free from acts which may justly disturb the
friends of order—the partisans of an huuest and moderate
Republic."

PIETRI, one of the representatives of the people,
has received the following from an officer at Brest :
" Seven companies of infantry of marine, embarked
and ready for sail to the Antilles in the Proserpine and
Allier, were allowed to vote for the President of the
Republic by anticipation. The result was as follows :
Proserpina, Louis Napoleon, 270 ; Cavaignac, 170 ;
blank bulletins, 110 ; Ledru-Rollin, 4. Allier, Louis
Napoleon, 276 ; Cavaignac, 64 ; Ledru Rollin, 28 ; La-
=nine, 6 ; Lacrosse, 1 ; Lamorici4re, 1.
The National publises a circular from the mer-
chants and bankers of Havre in 'support of the can-
didature of General CAVAIGNAC.
They say that, " situated at the doors of England,
and of the two Americas, sad in fact on the threshold
of the immense road that connects France with foreign
countries, they feel it their bounden duty to show the
effects producod by the events that have happened since
February on their navigation, commerce, and
industry." After February, credit and confidence
were destroyed, work was extinguished, and exporta-
tion ceased. No more foreign vessels entered their port,
and the evil produced was immense. After the general
election there came an appearance of security, which was
overthrown by the invasion of the Assembly on the 15th
May, but the events of June sealed their misfortunes.
Under General Cavaignac, however, confidence revived
again, and they have no doubt would be confirmed by
his election to the presidency. They say that from the
moment the candidature of Louis Napoleon assumed a
serious aspect, then sales of goods declined, exportations
diminished, and -there has been a postponement of all
undertakings, so that at this moment their commerce lies
under an interdiction. In fine, they say, " We see this
moment every symptom of a great political calamity I"
Under these circumstances they earnestly recommend
the election of General Cavaignac. The document is
signed by about 200 trading firms.
The following notice, which is probably official,
has been sent to the journals:—
" The Estafette, of the sth inst., in its article entitled
Chronique Politique,' says that much di-cussion has
taken place in the lobbies of the Assembly upon an ap-
plication made to General Cavaignac by a certain number
of members of the club of the Rue de Poitiers, proposing
to go immediately into their several departments and
canvass them on his behalf, on the express condition that
he would renounce the high function of President, in
case the absolute majority should not be acquired by any
one of the candidates, and M. Louis Bonaparte should
have a greater number of votes than were given to the
General; but that the General refused, in the hope of
being elected by the Assembly. We are able to affirm
that no proposition of this kind has been made to General
Cavaignac by the members of the club of the Rue de
Poitiers, and that the President and other officers of the
club will hasten to contradict the report, the absurdity
of which must fall upon those who have fabricated it."
Mr. TOUTAIN, holder of an unpaid bill of exchange
of 3,087 f. drawn, accepted, and endorsed by the per-
sons contracting for and guaranteeing a cut of wood
in the domains of the Princesses ADELAIDE, has
caused them to be cited before the Tribunal of Com-
merce, together with, as the citation calls him, ",M.

LobilPittLE, Comte, DE XEUILLT, living in the
chateau of Claremont, in England, geral li-gate of
Mme. ADELAIDE D'ORLEAMII, his sister." The case
is to come on in a week. _ _

A Demotic and Socialist banquet took place at
Condom on the 27th. Covers were laid for 310
guests, but only 180 sat down to dinner, AL LUCIEN
LAMARQUE, editor of the _Eteile d'itqutaini, being
in the chair. After sitting some hours, the guests,
at the approach of dusk, promenaded through the
town, crying " Vive LEDESU ROLLIN !" " Vice la
Republique Democratique et Sociale 1" " A bas lee
rentiers et les proprietaires 1" They separated with-
out any distutbanct✓. The authorities of the town
had been invited to the banquet, but all had declined
being present.
The Semelphore of Marseilles, of the 2d, says—
" The Courrier Corse, which has arrival here from
Naples, brings the intelligenet, that the French fleet was
anchored on the 27th ult. in the Gulf of Naples. There
were only three steamers in the port—the Pluton, the
Pingouin, and the Balarnandre. Our fleet, up to that
day, bad made no movement. Admiral Baudin was still
on board the Friedland. A painful piece of news has
reached us by this vessel, that the Jemmapes, ship of
the line, had gone aground in the vicinity of Civita
Vecchia. It was, however, hoped that it would be got
off. The passengers by the Courrier Corse add, on in-
formation obtained at Civita Vecchia, that the country
was tranquil, and that no new movement had taken place
at Rome. At Genoa there was great agitation, and cries
of Down with the Ministry' had been uttered at a re-
view of the National Guard."
BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT TILE
LONDON STOCK-EXCHANGE, Dw. 7. _ _

Luxembourg (10/.), 2—Northern of France, 6% Orleans
and Bordeaux, 1% —Rouen and Havre, 7.

SPAIN.
Madrid journals of the 30th ult. have arrived.
The rumouv- of a Ministerial crisis continued to
gain credit in Madrid.
The QUEEN gave a grand ball at the palace on the
29th, at which neither NARVAEZ nor any of the
Ministers were present, but General O'DoNNELL,
who is the great enemy of NARVAEZ' was there, and
was received with marked attention by the QUEEN.
MADRID BOMA, Nov. 30.—Threes, 19i 11-16 ;
Fives, 8i f. Exchange on London, 48 35.

Croatian soldiers. It was very possible that, in the
heat of passion, individual soldiers might have pro-
ceeded to criminal excesses ; but for these they were
amenable to the judicial courts of Austria ; indeed, pro-
per inquiries had already been set on foot. There was
no ground, however, for believing that the Croatian
army, in the aggregate, had either participated in or
countenanced the offences in question. The Croatian
troops formed no part of the German federal army, but
they had long been distinguished for bravery and the
true virtues of the soldier ; they had fought and bled
for centuries is the German cause ; and, please God,
they would still bleed and conquer in that cause for cen-
turies.--(Loud cheers.)
Wiesner declared himself dissatisfied with Herr
von Peucker's reply ' • but he would reserve any fur-
ther urgent motions for a time when the urgency of
such motions was not so systematically negatived as it
now was.—(Laughter.)
The President then requested the members to prepare
their bills for the election of the President for the en-
suing mon*.
The result of the election was :
Heinrich von Gagern
Heinrich Simon (of Breslau)
Soiron
, Count Wartensleben
Max von Gagern 1
Gagern said—For this fresh proof of your, confidence
I can only return my warnest thanks. My sense of my
duty is still the same, or it is rather heightened by the
conviction that we have made a nearer advance to the
desired end. I trust I shall still prove strong enough
to conduct the proceedings of the Assembly while it
presses forward to the goal.—(Cheers.)
Simson, of Konigsburg, was elected first Vice-Presi-
dent, with 275 Totes ; Simon having 165, Soiron, 2, and
Beseler 2.
Beseler, late President of the Provisional Government
in Schleswig, was elected second Vice-President, with
219 votes; Kirchgessner having 154, and Radowita, the
Prussian General, 5.
Beseler simply thanked the Assembly for this mark of
its confidence, and hoped for indulgence in the case of his
being called to officiate, as his brief attendance had not
yet served to make him acquainted with the usages of
the House.
The debate on the chapter of the Constitution en-
titled " The Imperial Parliament" was then commenced.
Nauwerch said he would not be diffuse. A Con-
servative Member of that House had lately confessed
that he saw reaction astir. The National Assembly
had long; been convened; but in this chapter of the
Constitution, which it had at last produced, he could
not see any recognition of those principles which had
placed them there. What was a House of States?
Was it anything more or less than an extended
Diet? According to the proposed scheme, the Govern-
ments would have a decided majority in the House of
States, and thereby, also, in the nation at large. He
was of opinion that Germany at present could not pos-
sibly bear the existence of such an Assembly. When it
should have assumed a more definite shape, the case
might be otherwise. This chapter ought to have closed
the door on revolution; but, as it was, it only served to
foster it. It seemed to declare revolution permanent,
for it merely propounded a provisional power; at least,
he could not look upon it in any other light. He pro-
tested, therefore, most solemnly against the motions of
the committee.
Tellkaiapf was of a directly contrary opinion. He
knew that an aversion to a House of States still existed
in many parts of Germany. It was regarded, and
therefore feared, as the organ of the aristocracy.
But there could be no idea of the aris-
tocracy alone being represented in it, for one of
the sections referring to the method of election,
sufficiently proved this. If the aristocracy must neces-
sarily get the upper hand in such an Assembly, this
would imply an utter corruption of the representatives
of the States, of the various Governments, of the people
at large, and of the constituencies in the individual
States also, which were to replenish the said Assembly
every three years. It had been determined that Ger-
many should be one grand Federal State, and the scheme
tended in the directest way possible to unite the indivi-
dual States to this end. It had been moved that the
House of States should undergo a partial renovation of
its Members once a year, but the adoption of such a pro-
posal would give birth to a vacillating and changeful tone
of legislation. The greatest social disorder would be
the consequence. The constant change of the Members
of the Legislature was a grievous source of confusion
in every country. With regard to the number of Houses,
there must necessarily be two. If there were not two
Houses whose respective rights and privileges were
nicely proportioned, or if one existed alone, this one
would to a certainty gain over a certain portion of the
people, and result in tyranny. It was their duty, there-
fore, to erect a bulwark before their liberties. The two-
chamber system of later ages bad manifestly contributed
to the prosperity of several countries; while the me-
diaeval republics, with their one chamber, bad gone to
ruin.

... 313
... 99

The principal motion of the Opposition was that of
Vogt, viz.:—" The Imperial Parliament shall consist
of the deputies of the German people, united in one
House of Assembly. Every German who has com-
pleted his 21st year shall be both eligible and
entitled to elect. The deputies shall be elected
once a year; and the suffrages must be direct. An
imperial election law shall decide the rest." Or, even-
tually, he moved—" The Imperial Parliament shall
consist of the deputies of the German people. Imme-
diately on coming together, these deputies shall elect a
fourth of their number to form the Upper House ; the
remaining three-fourths constituting the Lower House."
(Rejected—Noes, 331 ; Ayes, 95.)
Art. 1, sec. 1 of the committee's scheme, viz.—" The
Imperial Parliament consists of two Houses—the House
of States and the House of Commons (literally of the
people)," was carried.
The mediation question gave rise to a very brief
debate.

Reden thought the plan for incorporating the smaller
States with the larger ones was prolific in danger, since
the accession of power thus gained by the larger States
would make them more formidable, and they were at all
times most to be feared. It would, at any rate, be a
grievous piece of injustice to fall foul of the smaller
States, merely because they could not help themselves.
Becker, of Saxe-Gotha, echoed this last idea, and
spoke warmly for the smaller States being allowed to
remain unmolested within the narrow confines of their
independence.
Zimmermann, of Stuttgart, of the Extreme Left,
spoke against any plan of mediatization that as yet had
been suggested. He would either have all States me-
diatized in favour of one, and thus effect the formation
of one grand whole, or he would not hear of any media-
tization at all.
Division awas deferred till to-morrow, and there is
little doubt that on all motions for mediatization the
116 use will pass to the order of the day motive, as moved
by the committee.