The Sun.
London, England, 1846-12-19 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 19, 1846.

FRIDAY NIGHT'S GAZETTE.
WHITEHALL, DEC. 17, 1816.
The Queen has been pleased to direct letters patent to be
passed under the Great Seal, granting the dignity of a
Baronet of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
unto the following gentlemen, and the respective heirs male
of their bodies lawfully begotten, viz.:—
Henry Robert Ferguson Davie, of Creedy, in the county of
Devon, Esq., Colonel in the Army ;
Frederick Currie, Esq., Secretary to the Government of
Bengal ; and
Anthony Rothschild, of Grosvenor-place, in the county of
'Middlesex Esq., with remainder, in default of such issue
male, to his nephews, Nathan Meyer Rothschild, Charles
Alfred Rothschild, and Leopold Rothschild, Esqs., sons
of Lionel Rothschild, Esq., brother of the said Anthony
Rothschild.
WHITEHALL, DECEMBER 17.
The Queen has been pleased to appoint the Rev. Robert
Lee, D.D., to be one of her Majesty's Chaplains in Ordinary
in Scotland.

OFFICE OF ORDNANCE, Dec. IS.
Royal Regiment of Artillery.
Major-General James Power to be Colonel Commandant,
vice Dickenson, deceased, Dec. 6.
ADMIRALTY DEC

Corps of Royal Marines Lieutenan't. Colonel Thomas
Peebles to be Colonel and Second Commandant, vice
lirale, deceased ; Captain and Brevet Major James
Vhylock to be Lieutenant. Colonel. vice Peebles; First
Lieutenant John Hoskin Wright to be Captain, vice Why-
lock ; Second Lieutenant John James Douglas Barclay to be
First Lieutenant, vice Wright.
ADMIRALTY, DEC. 9.
Corps of Royal Marines—First Lieutenant Robert John
M'Killop to be Captain, vice Morrison, retired on full-pay;
Second Lieutenant George Sheddon Dunbar to be First
Lieutenant, vice DPKillop.
ADMIRALTY, DEC. IG.
The name of Captain the Honourable George Rolle Wal-
pole Trefusis is to be included in the list of Captains of the
Royal Navy, having accepted the retirement of their rank
on the terms proposed in the London Gazette of Ist September,
1846, on the half-pay of eighteen shillings per diem.
Commission by the Queen.
Dumfriesshire Regiment of Militia—Lieutenant and Ad-
jutant Robert Compton Noake, from 44th Regiment, to be
Adjutant, vice Captain Swanson, retired on full-pay.
Commission by the Lord Lieutenant of Dumfries.
Dumfriesshire Regiment of Militia—Lieutenant and Ad-
jutant Robert Compton Noake to have the rank of Captain.
WHITEHALL, DEC. 9.
The Lord Chancellor has appointed Joseph Brodribb
Sherring, jun., Gent., of the city of Bristol, to be a Master
Extraordinary in the High Court of Chancery.
WHITEHALL, DEC. 11.
The Lord Chancellor has appointed Frederick Baker, of
Derby, Gent., to be a Master Extraordinary in the High
Court of Chancery.

THE DISAGREEMENT BETWEEN
TIIE COURT OE ALDERMEN AND THE
COURT OF COMMON COUNCIL.
Immediately after the Lord Mayor quitted the Court
of Common Council on Thursday, after the Aldermen
had one by one abandoned it, in order to render the pro-
ceedings upon the 'new Bill of no avail, the Comatcai
Councilmen called Deputy Peacock to the chair. There
were then in the Court 85 members, all of whom were
decidedly opposed to the course taken by the Aldermen
in expressing their dissent from the Bill and any fur-
ther proceedings thereon, notwithstanding the fact, that
they had sanctioned it in all its former stages. The most
active members of the Corporation were the foremost in
denouncing the conduct of the Aldermen, and a spirit
appeared to exist which was likely to gain strength from
the announcement that the Lord Mayor and Aldermen
were determined to persist in adopting measures to de-
feat the object of the Common Council.
Mr. AsuunsT moved, and it was unanimously agreed
to, that the Town Clerk, the Solicitor, the Remem-
brancer, the Comptroller, and the Common Sergeant, all
of whom are officers appointed by the Court of Common
Council, be requested to attend the meetings of the com-
mittee thus constituted, upon the departure of the Lord
Mayor from the chair.
Mr. Anderton and Mr. Benno-..k, at the request of the
committee, took down the names of all the members
present.

- Mr. ASUURST moved, and Mr. W. JONES seconded, the
following resolution:—" That a committee of the mem-
bers of the Corporation of the city of London, being
members either of the Court of Aldermen or of the Court
of Common Council, be now formed to consider the
course to be pursued by them, the rights and privileges
of the citizens of London, their constituents, being in
theit opinion in danger."—Carried unanimously.
The same gentleman proposed that a sub-committee,
consisting of twenty-one be formed to consider the sub-
ject and prepare resolutions. The resolution was unani-
mously agreed to, and the following members were ap-
pointed .—Messrs. Peacock, Ashurst, Wire, Anderton,
Lawrence, R. L. Jones, W. Jones Burn, F. H. Hall,
Farrar, R. Taylor, Prior, Bower, Bennock, Finnis,
Selson, King, Blake, Norris, Hartley, and Dr. Lynch.
The Committee then broke up, and
Yesterday the sub-committee assembled for the pur-
pose of preparing the resolutions. Much discussion took
place, and a series of resolutions was prepared for the
consideration of the general committee, before which, a
full explanation of all the circumstances connected with
the matter in dispute, which is said to be the determina-
tion of the Court of Common Council to prevent the
Court of Aldermen from any further extravagant expen-
diture of the City cash, will be made.

- BANKRUPTS.
Charles Robert Saucrbrey, ship broker, Fenchurch-street,
to surrender Dec. 22, at half-past tes, and Jan. 26, at one,
at the Court of Bankruptcy. Belcher, official assignee;
Giles, Lime-street.
Thomas Tappenden, tailor, Friendly-place, Old Kent-road,
Dec. 26, at twelve, and Feb. 6, at eleven, at the Court of
Bankruptcy. Follett, official assignee. Sambrook-court,
Basinghall street; Walsh and Thomson, Lincoln's Inn-fielis.
Henry Farman, baker, Pulliam St. Mary Magdalen, Nor-
folk, Jan. 12, at two, and Feb. 12, at eleven, at the Court
of Bankruptcy. Groom, official assignee, Abchurch-lane,
Lombard-street ; Abbott and Wheatley, Roll's-yard, Chan-
cery-lane; Miller and Sons, Norwich,
James Dixon, millwright, Spa -road, Bermondsey, Jan. 5,
at eleven, and Jan. 26, at twelve, at the Court of Bank-
ruptcy. Edwards, official assignee, Frederick's-place, Old
Jewry ; Holiner and Son, Bridge-street, Southwark.
George Combes Bignell, stock jobber. Leeds, Jan. 6 and
Feb. 2, at eleven, at the Leeds District Court. Young, offi-
cial assignee, Leeds; Naylor, Leeds; Sudlow, Sons, and Torr,
Chancery-lane.
Henry Brook, clothier, Longley, Yorkshire, Dec. 28, and
Jan. 26, at eleven, at the Leeds District Court. Young,
official assignee, Leeds; Broadbent, Sheffield; Tattershall,
Great James-street, Bedford-row, London.
David Rees, grocer, Swansea, Glamorganahire, Dec 31, at
twelve, and Jan. 29, at eleven, at the Bristol District Court.
Acraman, official assignee, Bristol; Smith and Son, South-
ampton-street, Bloomsbury; Franklin, Bristol.
John Newby, haberdasher, Leicester, Jan. 1 and 29, at
twelve, at the Birmingham District Court. Bittleston, offi-
cial assignee, Nottingham; Hoskins, Loughborough.
Edwar Thomas Bradshaw, stock-broker, Manchester,
Jan. 4 and Jan 26, at twelve, at the Manchester District
Court. Fraser, official assignee, Mancl!ester ; Johnson, Son,
and Weatherall, Temple; Bagsiaw, Stevenson, and Lycett,
Manchester.
Isaac Sharlatid, jun., tailor, Bath, Jan. 5 and Feb. 5, at
twelve, at the Bristol District Court. Acraman, official
assignee, Bristol ; Mansford, Bath.
William Smith Dorsett, iron dealer, West Bromwich, Staf-
fordshire, Dec. 30, and Jan. 20, at eleven, at the Birmingham
District tourt. Christie, official assignee, Birmingham ;
Hiern, Stafford ; James, Birmingham.
DIVIDENDS DECLARED.
T. Nelson, hosier, Nottingham—first div. of Bs. 91/2d. in the
pound, on Frith), mil Saturday Dec. 18 and 19, on Satur-
day. Jan. 2, and on even- alternate Saturday until Nov. 20,
1847, inclusive, at the office of Mr. Bittleston, Nottingham.
D. Stanton, grocer, Bristol—second div. of 4s. 1114 d. in the
pound, on any Monday, at the office of Mr. Acramaii, Bristol.
S. Purser, draper, Cheltenham—first dir. of 3s. 7141. in the
round, on any Monday, at the office of Mr. Acraman, Bristol.
I%W. F. Geech, corn rnerchaut, Pontypool—third div. of
d. in the pound, on any Monday, at the office of Mr.
Acraman, 3ristol.
R Gill, grocer, Richmond, Yorkshire—first div. of 3s. 4d.
in the pound, on any Friday, at the office of Mr. Kynaston,
Leeds.

iiE ROMAN AMPHITHEATRE.
(From the Roman Advertiser.)
The amphitheatres originally built in Rome were of
wood; the first erected of stone was that named after its
architect, Statilius Taurus, and raised by order of Au-
gustus, who was passionately devoted to the games called
Venationes, or chasing of wild beasts. The Flavian was
commenced by Vespasian, and completed by Titus in the
year 80 of our era; it is said to have been finished in
two years only, at an expense answering to 50 millions
of Roman scudi, without calculating the labours of 15,000
Hebrew slaves employed in the works; and to have been
capable of containing 300,000 persons. It received the,
name of Colosseum either from the colossal bronze etatiie
of Nero opposite to it, or from its own vast proportions,
on account of which the poet Martial celebrates it as
the greatest wonder of the world:—" Mephis may be
silent as to the barbarian miracles of her pyramids, nor
let Babylonia boast any more of her assiduous labours;
nor let the luxurious honours paid to the temple of
Diana be extolled; and let the altar abounding in horns
conceal the god. No more let the Carians laud to the
skies with immoderate praise the Mausolea pendant in
the void air; every labour may cede to the Amphitheatre
of Caesar; and instead of all others, Fame may now
publish only one achievement." Spectac. Epig,
IV.) It was covered by an awning, for protection
against sun and rain, of the finest linen ; afterwards,
when Roman luxury rose higher, this was made of silk,
and Nero ordered one to be prepared of purple, with
hi; own figure. driving a chariot, in the centre, and
golden stars scattered roan I. The rank of seats nearest
the arena, in the part called the Podium, was appro
priated to the senators, ambassadors, and other high
functionaries ; also to the vestal virgins. Whilst Rome
was free, all ranks, and both sexes, sat together promis-
cuously ; but under Augustus this was entirely abo-
lished. The knights anti tribunes sat above the
senators ; the common people above these, who were
again subdivided by a law of the empeior, the soldiers,
the married and the unmarried men having their sepa-
rate compartments ; and the women, out of motives of
delicacy, in the rows of seats farthest from the arena.
For security, a net work, which at one time is said to
have been of gold, was stretched round the podium, and
stakes of ivory were fixed in its front, so contrived
as to give way, turned by wheels, if any wild bcal
should leap against them, and thus repel it. A
canal was als3 carried rcund the arena, called
the Euripus. The splendour of its general ornaments
may be divined from the words of the poet Calpurnius :
—" Behold the baltheus" (a terrace carried round the
amphitheatre), "-set with gems, and the porico with
gold." Tubes were conducted through tho ettnece (o-
benches), to sprinkle perfumes, especially that formed of
the crocus pounded with wine, which were made to des
cend from above, and rise from below, pouring their fra-
grant shower over all the spectators. Thus Ovid :
Nor were yet the seats red with liquil crocus." These
perfumes were also made to flow from statues, a hich
appeared to perspire It was first dedicated to the Sc. thian Diana, whe eves supposed to delight in human
saqriflee ; afterwards to the Stygian Jupiter, as we are
informed by the Christian poet Prudenties :—" These
are the d dighte of the infernal Jove ; in these he re-
poses satisfied, arbiter el dark Avernus." An altar was
erected to Die, and the combats of wild beasts were
placed under the special protection of Siturn. Hence, it
was observed by Tertulhan, that the amphitheatre was
consecrate to the sternest deities; that it was " the
temple of all demons."
The spectacles were exhibited down to the time of the
invasion of the G'eths in the beginning of the fifth cen-
tury, for though forbidden by a law of Constantine, as
irreeoneileable with the Christian religion, they were
never etlisiently suppressed till the reign of Ilonorius.
Every invention of art, every resource that wealth and
power could command, was expended to add to the fas-
cinations of these sanguinary shows, not, as a more re-
fined taste would have required, to idealise, and thus
soften the ferocity of their chaeacter ; but to invest
them with all the vividness of terrific reality. One
writer (Vopisetts) describes how, on throwing open the
portals communicating with the cages of the beasts,
issued forth 1,000 ostriches, 1,009 stags, and 1,000 boars.
Nellie exhibited, on one occasion, a suecessioti of dif-
cerent sports ; first the Vemaliottes ; then (the arena
being tilled suddenly with seater) a sea fight ; then
a combat of gladiators, and lastly sreceeded a banqust.
The ship Nero had formed to be the instrument of his
mother's death, was taken from the model of one of
those introduced in the amphitheatre. Of this Dio says,
that it was contrived so as suddenly to fall to pieces,
when 700 animate of different kinds leapt forth from
its womb ; and then to re-unite, assuming its original
form. Aquatic and amphibious animals were introduced,
tbZ former when the whole arena was overflown, the
latter, it appears, at other times, as Calpurnius epenks of
having seen the hippopotamus and sea-calf fighting with
the bear. But the most perfect illusion was produced by
the representation of fore its, when the whole arena was
planted with living trees, shrubs, and fl Avers ; and we
reed that the earth was contrived to open, an 1 send forth
the wild beasts from its yawning clefts, which were in •
stantly re-covered with shrubs and bu,hes. Apulcius
speaks of a spectacle in one of the provincial amphi-
theatres, where Mount Ida, as sung by flower, was re-
presented, planted with trees, and with a fountain spring-
ing from its summit. Martial describes one of these
scenes very graphically :—" Whatever is said to have
been seen in the Orphean Rhodope, Cmsar h is exhibited
to thee on the arena of the theatre : the rocks extended,
and the marvellous forest spread itself, such as one be-
lieves to have been the grove of the Hesperides."
Gl'vliatorial combats possessed much more attraction
for the Romans than the most splendid exhibitions in
which bestial blood alone was shed. Gladiatorial com-
bats had their origin in the belief that the souls of the
dead delighted in human blood. Thus Homer makes
Achilles slay twelve noble Trojan prisoners on the fune-
ral pyre of Patroclus ; and Virgil makes eEleas send
slaves to Evander, to be sacrificed in the funeral of Pal-
las. This idea was received by the Romans from the
Etruscans ; hence the practice of immolating servants
an l slaves when their masters died, and, as an improve-
ment upon this, the first combat of gladiators was given
at the funeral of Brutus, in the year of the city 533, by
order of his two sons. It was once proposed to intro-
duce these combats among the Athenians, out of a
feeling of jealousy against the luxuries of the Corin-
thians : The philosopher Demonates rose in the midst
of the assembly, and exclaimed—" Before ye do this,
first cast to earth the altar which, more than a thou-
sand years ago, our fathers erected to mercy !"
These sanguinary honours to the departed were often
ordered in the testaments of Roman nobles, and
even the funerals of women were celebrated by the
same. It was a severe reproof against the barbarism
of these spectacles, that Spartacus, the general
of the Gauls, gave to Rome; when on the death of his
brother, during the war, he
.compelled 300 pairs of her
citizens, his prisoners, to fight together as gladiators.
The combats were generally given on the spot where the
funerals were celebrated, but more frequently in the
forum, the camps, or the circus; it was not till the
avidity of the populace for such sights so increasing as
to demand them distinct from the rites of burial, as
separate entertainments, that amphitheatres were built
Toe combats were then given by pretors, consuls,
questors, pontiffs, Sze, to celebrate the day of their en-
trance into office; by emperors on their birthdays, o
every fifth and every tenth anniversary of their acces-
sion; also on occasion of festivals, victories, and triumphs.
Those who filled high places had often their own pur-
poses to serve, in averting the attention of the people
from theen,elves. Thus Julius Caesar, whilst ethic, gave
gladiatori il shows in which 320 pairs contended and
would leave employed a larger number, but that the
senate decreed that this should be the maximum.
One may imagine the frantic excess to which the taste
had been .carried in Rome from the preventive laws
made by Augustus, that gladiators should no more cola
bat without permission of the senate ; that the pretors
should not give these spectacles more than twice a year,
that more than sixty couples should not engage at the
same time ; and that knights and senators should never
.contend in the arena. Still more may one do so, from
the fact that some years after he was obliged to repeal
this last, because totally useless and contemned ! It
need not surprise us to find a Nero, a Commodus. a
Caracalla, delighting and participating in these contests ;
but it awakens sorrowful astonishment to see Titus
s
c i
oinfgthtletecl/iovleosssoefustn ;everal thousands at the inaugural
games
Adrian giving, in one month,
spectacles in which 3,000, attd Trajau continuing for 123

H. Savage, apothecary, Dorset-place, Dorset-square—a
div. of 4s. 3d. in the pound, on any Friday, at the office of
Mr. Follett, Sambrook-court, Basinghall-street.
A. Wildy, hatter, Oxford-street—a div. of 3s. 10d. in the
round, on any Friday, at the office of Mr. Follett, Sambrook-
court, Basinghall-street.
W. Elliott, corn merchant, Petworth, SItS3C7C—a div. of 43.
in the pound, on any Fri,lay, at the office of Mr. Follett,
Sambrook-court, I.3:isingliali-street.
J. Teasel, carpenter, Norwich—a div. of 2s. in the pima,
on any Friday, at the office of Mr. Follett, Sambrook-.
court, Basingliall-.street.
W. Erick, baker, Hackney-road—a illy. of 7s. 3d. in the
pound, on any Friday, at the office of Mr. Follett, Sam-
brook-court, Basinghall-street.
F. Syder, grocer, Fakenha:n and Wells, Norfolk—a div. of
.ss. in the pound, on any Friday. at the office of Mr. Follett,
Sambrook-court, Basinghall-street.
M. and H. Emanuel, goldsmiths, Hanover-.square—second
div. of 3s. 7d. in the pound, and first and second div. of 10s. Id. in-the pound, on new proofs, or. Saturday Dec. 19, and two following Saturdays, at the office of Mr. EdwaraD,
Frederick's-place, Old Jewry.
M. Emanuel, goldsmith, Hanover-square—first and final
div. of 208. in the pound, on new proofs, at the office of
Mr. Edwards, Frederick's-place, Old Jewry.
DI VIDENDS.
At the Court of Bankruptcy, Basinghall-street.
I. Bird: grocer, Harrow on the 11111, Jan. 9, at half-past
twelve—E. Cawdell, toy dealer, Hull, Jan. 9, at half-past
eleven—A. Yeatinan. clieinista, Fore-street, Jan. 9, at eleven
—R. Bowerman, corn dealer, Ensham, Oxfordshire, Jan. 8,
at one—R. Walter, ribbon-manufacturer, Wood-street.
Cheapside, Jan. 9, at half-past eleven—E. Whitmore, J.
Wells, J. Wells, jun., and F. Whitmore, bankers, Jan. 8, at
eleven—T. Benson, stationer, North -place, Gray's Inn-road,
Jan. 8, at half-past one—L Munsev, shoemaker, Bedford,
Jan. 14, at eleven—C. Maltby, prox'ision merchant, Asaettle
bly-place, Assembly-row, Mile- end, Jan. 14, at eleven—W.
Joy, plumber, Tonbridge, Kent, .Jan. 9, at twelve.
In the Cou
town,ntry.
M. o:iver, innkeeper, Lang Cumberland, Jan. 12, at
eleven, at the Newcastle-upon-Tyne District Court—J. G.
,Schott and J. C. La,ater, merchants, Manchester, Jan. 12,
at twelve, at the Manchester District Court—J. Senior,
brewer, Salford, Lancashire, Jan. 28, at eleven, at the :Ilan-
chester District Court—J. Riding and J. Fielding, cotton
manufacturers, Leyland, Lancashire, Jan. hi, at twelve, at
the Manchester District Court.
CERTIFICATES to be granted, unless cause be shown IQ
the contrary, on the day herein mentioned.
G. F. T. Fowler, printer, Lillington-street, Pimlico -Jan. 12
—W. Wells and J. Claxton, coal inerchan'3, Bauks;de,
Southwark, Jan. 13--L, A. V. Rudolphi merchant, Sunkler-
land, Jan. B—W. Chambers,allio. tight, Southwick, Durham,
.Tau. 12—J. Stout, shoemaker, Liverpool, Jan. 11—C. 11.
Purnell, coal merchant, Liverpool, Jan. 1 t —T. Bateman,
victualler, Coventry, Jan. 9—J. Cramp, cowkeeper, Margate,
Jan. B—J. Hatcher, butcher, Poole. Jan. B—.J. Hannen,
tallow welter, Little Britain, Jan. 8-I'. Cooper, umbrella
manufacturer, New Band-street, Jan.. B—C. C. Clancep, sad-
alter, Chorlton-upon-gedlock, Jan. B—J. Wilcox, tailor,
Little Bell-alley, Atoorgate-street, Jan. B—G. Kidman,
victualler, Long-alley, Worship-street, Jan. B—J. Walker,
Jun., woollen clot'a manufacturer, Leeds, Jan. 8-1. Sarsome,
ribbon manufacturer, Coventry, Jan. B—W. Arburrow,
druggist, Liverpool, Jan. B—H. Woadthorpe. grocer, Aveley,
tssex, Jan, 8-1-I.C. Sothern, coal dealer Liverpool, Jan. 8.
j. PARTNERSHIPS DISSOLVED.
Lining on and W. Marshall, japanners, Hull—ll. R.
Morley, J. W. Morley, and J. Wakinshaw, iron manufac-
Iturers, S,nnderland—C. Fowler and W. Jones, commission
merchants, Liverpool—IV. Miskin and J. N. Vinen, surgeons,
Broad-street, Horslydown, Southwark—J. Thompson and J.
Eaton, cotton spinners, Manchester—S. J. Ilennis and G.
Whittle, house agents, Old street, City-road—J. Hall and
Spawforth, woolstaplers, Bradford, Yorkshire—J. Clifford
band J. Porter, lace manufacturers, Radford, Nottinghamshire
—E. Parker and T. M. IVeddall, attorneys, Selby,
Yorkshire
—.E. Parker, M. Weddall, and R. J. Parker attorneys,
'Selby, Yorkshire (so far as regards E. Parker)—A. Horsfi;hl
sand S. Barrass, ironfounders, Leeds—G. Beaumont and J.
:Stocks, woollen manufacturers, Huddersfield—W. Bradley
:and J. N. Mappin, brewers. Sheffield—N. Longshaw, W.
Longshaw, and J. Longshaw, cotton spinners, Manchester
(so far as regards N. Longshaw)—J.. Hamer, R. C. Bateson,
and J. Hargreave?, cotton spinners. Constable, Lancashire__
R. Tate and R. C. Tate, jewellers, Regent-street—W. Stace
and P. Valiance, farmers, Berwick, Sussex—J. Halstead anil
Bowker, cotton manufacturers, Redcliffe, Lancashire— C.
jD. Broughton and H. Dyson, drvsalters, Liverpool—W.
Rimington and T. Cooper, ironfounders, Skipton, Yorkshire,
*west riding—J. Redish and T. -Williamson, coal dealers, Bir-
kenhead, Cheshire—Henry Rowe, J. Rowe, and J. B. Read,
brewers, Penrvn, Cornwall.

SCOTCH SEQUESTRATIONS.
James Scartb, broker, Glasgow, Dec 26 and Jan. 22, at
twelve, at the chambers of Mr. Steele, jun., Glasgow.
James Robertsoe, George Agilvie Robertson, and Thomas
Robertson, iron merchants, Glasgow, Dec. 28 and Jan. 18,
at one, at the chambers of Messrs. Macdowall and Murray,
Glasgow.
John Reavev, merchant, Ayr, Dec. 23 and Jan. 13, al
twelve, at the Crown Inn, Ayr.
Alexander Simpson, Esq., Cromarty, Dec. 25 and Jan. 12,
at twelve, at Yule's Inn, :romarty.
PRICE OF SUGAR.
The average price of Brown or Muscovado Sugar, computed
from the returns made' in the week ending December 15,
184 G, is 325. Id. per cwt.

LtE,IKNGITUNT;koNit. s
APPLICAT NYO TO THE GUARDIATHENS OF THE
?me few weeks ago a highly respect
able tradesman, from Lancashire, obtained permission
to inspect the
of
amamusementontv e establishment, merely for the pur-
posea':a information. When introduced
into the school, he was struck with amazement at the
cleanliness and
also expressed hiPspr demeanour of the scholars. Ile
made in education proper dejacanour of the scholars, lie
also expressed his astonishment at the progress they had
at
and in such a
place, observing that 11,e(:vhhaeoc;1rlaystioannaabgoent the same sae
no means acquired
in a respectable school
so much knowledge as those poormtlries.a On Wednesday
al applica-
last, Dec. 9, the said gentleman
manatatdhmission
tion to the board of guardians for his sons
into the home for the purpose of education,
time proposing a handsome remuneration and subtEriSsarn,e
to the rules of the house, as to clothing, diet, 41)46'4
other restraints put upon the pauper children. The
board, which was numerously attended, unanimously
passed a resolution for the admission of the boy, subject
to the approval of the Poor-law Commissioners.—Cor-
respondent of the Macclesfield Chronicle.

WINTER ASSIZES.
NORTHERN CIRCUIT.--York, Dec. 14.
(Before Mr. Justice CRESSWELL.)
MURDERS AT STARTFORTH, NEAR BARNARD CASTLE.
—George Barker, 19, John Breckon, 24, and Thomas
Routtedgc Raine, 19, against whom two true bills had been
found for the murder of Joseph Yates and Catherine
Raine, at Startforth, on the 10th of August, 1845, were
charged with the wilful murder of the former.
Mr. Bliss, Mr. Pulleine, and Mr. Overend. were eounsel
for the prosecution. Mr. Matthews and Mr. Blanshard
defended Barker and Raine, and Mr. Pickering appeared
on behalf of Breckon.
The prisoners, who appeared quite unconcerned,
pleaded not guilty.
Mr. BLISS then stated the case to the jury. Gentle.
men, this is not a case which depends upon what is
called circumstantial evidence. It depends on the tes-
timony of an eye-witness, who was present at the time
the crime was committed. Yet a good deal of circum-
stantial evidence will be offered and brought before you,
not as creating a case of itself, but as affording reasons
from which you may think that it will be safe for you
to trust the testimony of the principal witness. 'The name
of that witness is Ann Humphreys. The crime is
charged to have been committed on the night between
Saturday, the 9th, and Sunday, the 10t1-. of -August, in
the year 1845. The place was near the bridge of Bar-
nard Castle, on the Yorkshire side of the river Tees.
The person who was murdered was Joseph Yates, a
tailor, and residing in Barnard Castle, in Galgate. The
prisoners belong to Barnard Castle. Some time is
the month of August, 1844, Barker came to de-
ceased with a coat, which he desired might be altered
for him. Barker gave this account of the coat,
that "it was Cotherstone clip, and ranter fashion,"
and that he had bought it at the sale of Captain
Bainbridge. Captain Bainbridge was a person who
occupied a house at Cotherstone, and in his house
a seizure had been made of his furniture in August,
1844, Barker being the person h-ft in possession,
In consequence of that seizure instructions were given to
a solicitor named Coulthard to commence an action, and
Yates was examined and subpoenaed to appear at York
Assizes in July, 1845. Afterwards it was determined
to proceed criminally against Barker. Yates was in-
formed of that determination, and he was told that he
would not be wanted at those assizes, but would be
Wanted on a future occasion. The same information was
also given to a person of the name of Walker, and Wal-
ker communicated that information to Barker, telling
him that after the assizes he would be criminally pro-
ceeded against respecting the coat. From the fact of
Yates having been subpoenaed respecting the matter,
Barker conversed with Yates with respect to his account,
threatened him, and inquired of him whether he intended
to appear against him. You will hear the conversation
that took place, and you will hear also the threats made
we of by Barker ; and evidence will also be given by
a person to whom Barker spoke, viz.:—that he (Barker)
desired that person to go with him in order to give Yates
a good "milling." That took place on Saturday, the 9th
of August, 1845, the very day on which the deceased
Yates was killed. And now, gentlemen, I come to the
detail of what occurred on that day. At about eight
o'clock on that day Yates was seen in Thorngate, a
street communicating with Briggate, which leads down
to the bridge at Barnard Castle, He was seen to have
a sovereign in his pocket. From eight o'clock in the
evening until about half-past eleven or twelve, the de-
ceased was seen at several public-houses, drinking and
dancing, and apparently in good health and spirits.
Yates was a small man, with an effeminate voice. Atter
he was seen at Lofthouse's, the last public-house he was
at, he will be taken up from thence by another witness
named Cooper, who walked with him down Briggate,
across the bridge leading from Barnard Castle to Start-
forth, went to Startforth, returned again, and left him
standing on the bridge; this would be about twelve or
one o'clock. The night in question was both dark and
stormy. We shall find him next seen by a person named
Robinson, who, in a little lane called the Lonning, lead-
ing from Briggate to the river, saw Catherine Raine
come out of a public-house kept by a person of the
name of Procter, and go into Briggate, where she and
Yates met. Robinson then went into his own house,
and the next we hear of him is by a witness named Dob-
son, who lives further up to Thorngate in Briggate,
and who, being before his house smoking his pipe
for some time, saw Yates arid Catherine Raine pass
and re pass towards the bridge and from the bridge. Dob-
-on then went into his house, and this is the last we see of
Joseph Yates and Catherine Raine until they are taken up
by that important witness Ann Humphreys. We shall
show that all the three prisoners were in Barnard Castle
:,hat • ight, and in Briggate and the neighbourhood, and
FRETG HT& Accounts from Gottenburgh of the at last a witness named Wanless saw Barker and Breckon
and Racine together, going down Briggate towards the
28th
bridge. And now, we come, gentlemen, to the testimony
ult., state that 17s. per ton for iron had been paid
to Hull ; and from Dantsic of the Ist current, that char bridge.
Ann Humphreys. She was a girl working et a factory at
tors for spring had been closed at 18s. for London and
Liverpool per last for beams.—Dundee Advertiser. Barnard Castle, being about 21 years of age, having had
an illegitimate child, living in a house on rho left hand of
at the last Waterford assizes two Austro-I.alians, be Briggate
JUSTICE.—It will be remembered that
Briggate as you go down the street, with her father and
longing to the Anna, of Trieste, were acquitted of the
sister and child.—(The Learned Counsel her e detailed the
murder of Keane, the carman, the jury agreeing that it evidence of Ann Humphreys, as it will be found sub-
was in self defence that homicide was committed. It was joined.) On the following morning (Sunday) Mrs. Alice
tilalland, who resides at Stanford), and goes to Barnard
ticular, gave the fatal stab to Keane. The men returned
believed that one of' the Austrians, the small man in par-
Castle to Church, went, according to her custom, along
to Italy, but not by the ship Anna, as she sailed previ- this road to the bridge, and when she got to the place
ouely to their liberation. But the merciful hearts of which I have mentioned, about nine o'clock that morning,
Irish jurors were not of the stuff which administers she observed a young man looking over the wall ; she also
Austrian justice. On the arrival of the two sailors in noticed his movements, and was particularly struck with
Trieste, they were imprisoned for the murder of the Irish him. As she went along she saw blood upon the ground,and also observed blood on the stones of the -wall. Both
man, and brought to trial. The small man was found
it and the young man excited her attention, and she spoke
guilty, and sentenced to five years' imprisonment. Such
to him. In consequence of what lie said she looked fur
is his penalty in his own land, for killing a man in so
distant a country. It will be seen by this that the Aus-
marks of horses' feet. She saw none, but saw marks of
human feet, as if apparently after a scuffle, and saw the
Irian authorities have no great affection for the knife,
and that murder is not thought lightl mark of a knee upon the soft ground, as if the knee of a
Italy. The Crew of the ship Anna, why
ich has returned of in Austrian
person wearing corduroy trousers had been pressed
to this port from the Adriatic, brings this intelligence.-- against it. She went to church, and on her return she
found that some mud had been put over the blood, and
Waterford Chronicle.
mud on the wall so as to obliterate or conceal the blood.
EXPERIMENTS IN GUN COTTON.—Since the expo- She heard afterwards of the death of Yates. The exa-
riments recorded in a recent publication of our paper we
ruination took place in the month of July in the present
hare received the following information from Mr. Haitiyear. She felt a curiosity to attend that examination.
day of' experiments made with a superior gun cotton to
that used previously i and whilst she was there she was struck with the ap-
ing-piece pr Pcted a ball at fifty yards through three him will depend upon her evidence. On that same Sun-
boards, each 11 inch thick, the latter board being covered
with copper 1-16 inch thick. Be day morning the parish clerk of Barnard Castle wastween the first and se-
roceedi to church, where he likewise observed the
cond board there waap
a apace of 36 inches; between the
bloodng .
A female nanaedjMary Ann Delkin heard the
second and third 44 inches; the latter resting against a gate from w cries on Saturday night, and the windows command a
hich a portion of the spars were broken, the view of the place in question. On the Sunday morning
ball p,
Bight grains at the same distance, and with the
ipparently busy with something there. Two days
same boards situated as before, sent a ball through the
after this the body of Yates was found at a place about
, first board into the second, which had a crossbar of the 'hree or four miles lower down the river. It was
same thickness as the board, malting -ti inches altogether, deserved that he had bruises on his body, and wounds
and was stopped by an iron bar: the ball when takei. or cute, and at the back of hie head there re a s a
out was found slightly injured. Three grains, in one 0.
:unviderable injury, with coagulated blood, and blood in
Edge'm rook-r lies, sent a ball, at a distance of 25 yards. the nostrils coagulated. I consider that affords some
through 14-inch plank. Experiments were also tried ie probable inference as to the cause of death, for unless it
the Ard wick lime pits, when it was found, after several was coagulated until it got into the water, it will be for
trials, that 222 grains of gun cotton produced a hotel
you to say whether the water would not have washed it
effect than four ounces, or 1,730 grains, of the usual
,tf. Gentlemen, en the night in question the prisoner
gunpowder employed in mining operations, So we ma) Barker went home to his lodg,ings, where, as will be
saf,ly estimate the power of the gun cotton as eight
;,roved by a person with whom he slept, he arrived some
times stronger than gimp° 4 der. Another ra markabl, time after the period I have spoken of. He will speak
fact with regard to this interesting body is, that whet. to you as to the state in which he appeared to be, an 4 he
exposed to a temperature from 200 to 300 dogs., or, it will give you this further important evidence, that the
kept at the latter temperature for a short time, the collar next day, which was Sunday, before he (the witness) had
becomes brown, and loses its property of explosion ; •eartl of Yates being, missing, Barker told him that
but if thrown into a vessel heated to 330 degs. it imme Yates teas gone. Add to that this circumstance also,
diately explodes. Steaming it, as calico- printers steam that afterwards Barker cautioned him not to mention it;
their cloth, has no eff,•ct upon it ;if any, its efficacy ii and, I believe, on more than one occasion, not to di-
increased. The acids used (equal mixtures of nitric and
sulphuric acids) were as strong as they could b vulge the fact he had mentioned to him. And now, gen-
e made,
and used only in sueh proportions as would wet the demen, I come to another important stage of the case.
Ann Humphreys made no disclosure of what she had
cotton employed. This is the most difficult part of the (teen that night, from the time it happened until the 26th
operation, and requires dexterity in the management, a. (teen
July in this year. Before that time she appeared to
the cotton is apt to take fire unless it is speedily satu
be in a state which will be described to you. On that
rated with the acid. This circumstance, we fear, wilt day she had some conversation with a friend of hers, of
prove a praetical difficulty in the manufacture of this 'he name of Sutcliffe. The result was, that Mrs. Sut.
article on a large seale.—Manekest-r Times.
'tiffs took Ann Humphreys to a constable named Pearson,
A Ronne SHOT.—A distressing affair occurred who took her before the magistrates, and the prisoners
on Monday night last, at Forneett St. Peter's, a small were arrested, examined, and committed.
• village in Norfolk, near New Buckingham, and about A great many witnesses were then examined, end the
twelve miles from Norwich. This Is an agricultural
village, and the name of one of the farmers re:idincorroborative points spoken to by the Learne I Counsel
g were established, but the details would occupy several
there is Robert Batley. Mr. Bailey has two sons livins
„lumns.
at home with him, and about the middle of Monde)
night one of these observed some men enter his father': Ann Humphreys, the principel witness, was examined
barn.
by Mr. BLISS.—She thus described the murder --Raine
He had no doubt but their object was to rob it,
exit his arm round my waist, and said,
and he awoke his brother and father, and these belie,
have a walk just as far as the bridge."" We'll away, and
We went as far
dressed, all three proceeded to the barn. Here they
as the bridge, all of us. Catherine Raine and Joseph
found three men in the act of filling sacks with wheat, Yates went first, then me and Raine, and then Breckon
having already filled three, when Mr. Bailey surprised ,
them, and demanded them to surrender. One mime- and Barker. Yates and Catherine Raine were both very.
much in liquor. I can't say how the prisoners were in
diately struck him a severe blow with a !arse bludgeon drink. Raine said, " We'll go over the bridge," and we
with which he was armed. One of the sons had taken went down the sills. I know the tram-wall. We had
the precaution to arm himself with a gun, and the not got down the flags when Raine said to me that
moment he found the blow struck he fired at the man .. Yates had some money—how must they do to get it
who struck it, and the contents entered one of his eyes. from him?" Yates and Catherine Raine were then
and were chiefly lodged in his head. The others were going down the sills also. I said, " Poor little fellow,
so frightened that a second was secured, while a third don't meddle of him—he will spend it among you." We
fled. Messrs. Bailey recognised them all as their own went a little further down the sills, and then Barker
labourers, and one of them the thrasher. The man that came in front of us, and he said, " Noow, Jos, does thou
was shot, whose name is Brown, arrived at the Norwich intend to go to York against me for that coat?" Yates
,
Hospital about three o'clock on Tuesday morning, and
said "He could do no other than go agoinst him."
we have not heard that he is at present dead. The Barker said, "He should never have the chance of
other who was apprehended has been examined, but had it." He said no more till we got to the end of the
not arrived at Norwich Castle in the early part of this ►
tram-wall. end then Barker asked Yates for his
afternoon. He will, no doubt, be committed for trial. money. Yates said he would not give them a half-
HINT TO THE CREDITORS OF MILITARY GENTLE- penny, but he was willing to spend it amongst them.
MEN.—A bookseller, in Glasgow, allowed a military He then asked him again if he was going to York
gentleman, stationed in Glasgow, to run up an account against him, and Yates said he could do no other thar
with him. The regiment, after some time, was ordered go against him. Barker said, " Then you —, you
to England, and the officer alluded to forgot or neglected, shall never have the chance," Yates cried out, " Don't
as military men as well as others sometimes do, to pay knock my eyes out." Raine and Breckon then
his account. The creditor took occasion, after he had went up, and there were heavy blows struck, but I don't
left, to remind him of it very civilly, and to request pay- know which of them struck those blows. Yates then
went when convenient. No answer whatever was re- cried out " murder," and Catherine shrieked out too ;
turned. After a decent interval, another application, and Barker turned to us and said, if we did shout out
equally polite, was made for the money ; but still the . again, he would throw us into the water. I did not cry
result, or non-result, was the "same. Five applications, out. Catherine and I were standing againsttogether,yuapes
extending over a considerable period, were thus made, to the wall. We had got past the flags then. each and all of which the gallant officer maintained a most out, oOh dear, oh dear, is there no one to help me r
out
provoking silence. The bookseller at last wrote him. ;{anew Yates before. He was like a woman shouting..m.,,
more sharply than before, that if the debt were not paid more than a man. Barker said, " Yes, he could help him."
in in eight d lye, he would lay the whole of the circum- Then they all three came a little distance from him, and
stances before the Commander-in.Chiete There was no
_Rai" reckoned some money over and said there twascl'li.oll.
was standing
answer even to this, and the creditor, true to his word. ,or us. of it. Yates was then up againslt the wall, per-
did as he had threatened to do. In a few days, he had hips two or three yards from the men.
and there
received a letter from the military secresetry of the Duke 1,,,,,,ide Catherine. The }allYates gave a groan
norruntiwn,hen against
of Wellington, announcing that the officer alluded to had ttea• wall.
la.sthin
nwent up to Yates
These water was very
been apprised from the Horse Guards of `.his demand„
be whoa al
biga 5 Yates was
against him, and that doubtless the account 5-°u'" rou, ga ,
laid hands onghoinme,. It heard no noise from
paid. Almeet simultaneously the money was see.' ,
by
the
31
after I heard the splash. Catherine said,
the recusant officer, but without a word of explanatioe •
ir'eld That have you done that for 1" and Barker said,
We record the fact, as it may be useful to other creditors ."
don't mind yourself get the same."
in similar circumstances to know that the present autho- r
"- ' yottwalkedyou'llthe bridge, Raine and
rities at the War-office consider officers bound to na we+ a ill then
side up towards
the
7etuerl do not know which of
their debts.—Glasgow Argus.
Barkk
to the middle of the bridge Barker asked me if I
At the meeting the night before last, at the City we got rat• the of us, and Breckon in front. When
tell about it, and I said I never would.
Hall, for the benefit of the starving people of Ireland, an would ,
executive committee was appointed; also a committee of
I tell. He asked Catherine, and she did not
four to make collections in each ward of the eity.--. g never wont.
On
' when he asked me, and I
New York Herald, Nov. 27, him, the bridge,
iced me that down the sills. I then also said I
eed not," he said, ~ se help you God, you
There were on Thursday no less than 77 mail-bag s said "1 .
-you I
said b-pi. He theta asked
so after 1
overdue, in consequence of the detention of the opine's, -
antes by the snow. { never WI ' 11. ' -
'3aia;;lew.:rr_as.

days those in which 10,000 pairs were the victims. Even
I the amphitheatre of Flavius did not suffice ; and luxury
introducing music and dancing at the banquet, in•
troduced also the gladiatorial combats bef,re the
very table of the guests, which was often sprinkled,
as they feasted, with the blood of two, three, and
sometimes many couples of these hirelings, whose pro•
fessiou had become of the first importance, chose
numbers and seditions at times perilled the safety of the
city ; and who, in their vanity, adopted a sanguinary
modishness, classifying their performances according to
the people whose manner of fighting they imitated.
There were the Gallic, the Dacian, the Thracian, and
Samnite games ; the /?darii gladiators, who used nets to
entangle their adversaries, defending themselves with
sword and shield ; and the Essulari, who fought on
chariots drawn by two horses, and ar.ned with spears
like tridents. At times was erected in the midst of the
arena a machine called the Pegna, resembling a tower,
whose different stories were garrisoned, its apex crowned
with weapons and armour, the prize of victory. These
were besieged, and taken, unless successfully defended,
to represent the assault of a fortress. The Pegna were
made with such skill of mechanism, as to open and
close, to increase and diminish their altitude, 25 if
spontaneously. They were sometimes printed, at
others plated over with gold and silver ; their re-
cesses were often filled with persons condemned to
death, when the l'egna was made to fall to pieces, precipi
tating these among the wild beasts. Under Diccletian,
the exhibition of these towers in a blaze of fire, which
yet did not hurt the material, was carried to great mag-
nificience. Gladiators were originally none but slaves,
servants, or prisoners of war ; but the armies who con
tended in later ages were divided into compulsory— that
is, slaves, prisoners of war, and condemned criminals—
and voluntary gladiators, which latter went through a
laborious education of gymnastics, were supported and '
well fed by the Lunista, or master of arms of each troop,
and are said to have been remarkably temperate. To
the eternal disgrace of the morals of these ages, it is re-
corded that women sometimes made themselves gladia-
tors, and fought with no other covering than the arrocur
used by the men. The passion of the populace for these
amusements was excessive. The seats used to be filled
long before daylight, as the performance was generally
kept up from morning till evening; and we read in Sue-
tonius, that Caligula, once disturbed by noises in the
amphitheatre of the people taking their seats at mid-
night, ordered them all to be driven out with clubs.

A.N AMERICAN CURIOSITY SHOP.
A new curiosity shop has been established in Bload-
way. Among the rare articles it contains we notice the
following:—
A chip from the log which they are everlastingly roll-
ing in all our Legislatures.
One cake of the soap with which politicians try to
wash their hands clean.
A piece of the bond of union, manufactured of South
Carolina cotton by Yankee rope-makers.
The identical first glass which has created all the
drunkards.
The tongue of the very bell which Dr. Young heard
strike one. Pity it is not in that of St. John's, which
never strikes less than twelve.
Some of the iron which entered into the soul of Ugo-
lino, and every prisoner and Slave since that day.
A pint of that exceedingly hot water into which
people are perpetually plunging. Also the same frying-
pan that multitudes have been always jumping out of
into the fire.
The lock on the door through which silly youths have
in all ages rushed to destruction.
Picture of an infant manufacture, with Polk and Dal!as
in the act of nursing it with the cold water douche.
The bag that contained the specie which Secretary
Walker did not get in Wall-street.
The celebrated piece of chalk which has ever been
the universal standard of measure among men.
The portrait of the " oldest inhabitant" who is sup-
posed to have forgotten more than any person now exist-
ing ever knew.
The hand of Charity, standing open, with a counter-
feit sixpence in it.
One string of that famous instrument which tickles
people much more than that of Sivori or Pagar.ini ever
did—namely•, the Scotch fiddle.
The new yarn, which was spliced into the cord of
Evangelical union on board the Great Western during
the late fearful gale, and taken out again as soon as the
storm was over.
A specimen of a bug, which lives through all the
seasons, and thrives the mere for every attempt to.ex -
terminate it—the Hum- bug.—New York paper.

Catherine, and she said, " Sho would be if she
didn't tell the police as soon as she got into the toan."
I lost sight of Catherine not over a minute after she said
she would tell the police. I never saw her again alive.
I saw where Catherine Raine went to—she went into the
river. Breckon and Raine and Barker went with me
after this. Barker said, "If he thought I would tell, he
would fling me in too." Breckon said, "If I did tell,
God would strike me dead in a minute." Before that
Raine and Barker swore me on the bridge not to
tell. They swore me a Eecond time on the bridge,
after Catherine disappeared. I parted with them that
night beside our own door. They then went on to
Briggate end, towards Thorngate. I went home, and
went to bed.

The Court then adjourned till nine the next morning.

- December 15.
The Court sat this morning at nine o'clock, when the
examination of witnesses fur the prosecution was re•
sumed.

The case for the prosecution was not brought to a close
until halt-past two o'clock in the afternoon.
Mr. MATTIMWS rose to address the jury on behalf of
the prisoners Barker and Raine. As to Barker, he should
prove an alibi. He should prove that he was in th,
house at the time assigned by Ann Humphreys for the
commission of this atrocious deed. He could not tracc,
Raine in the same way, but he could trace him so far as
he hoped would insure his acquittal al: o; because if Ann
Humphreys' evidence was false as to Barker, he asked
Low could it be believed as operating against Raint ?
Mr. Pickering also addressed the jury for the prisoner
Breckon.

The witnesses for the defence were then examined
with the view of proving an alibi in behalf of Barker;
also that the evidence against Breckon and Raine was
too conflicting to be depended upon; and that Yates and
Catherine Raine were tipsy on the evening when they
met with their deaths.

Mr. MATTHEWS—That is the case for the defence, my
Lord.
The Court again adjourned.
December 16.
This morning the prisoners were again placed at the
bar, after whieh Mr. Buss replied.
Mr. Justice CRESSWELL then summed up the facts of
the case most minutely, and in conclusion said, respect.
ing the testimony of Ann Humphreys, if they believed
her story, they could make the crime no less than mur-
der, but if they disbelieved her, then they must acquit
the prisoners, because whatever noises might have been
heard, whatever appearances might have been presented
at the spot where the murder was committed, they
would be no proof that the prisoners had been guilty of
the awful crime with which they were charged. If the
jury, on a full investigation of the case, were convinced
that the prisoners had committed the murder, then they
must perform their duty, however painful it might be,
and return a verdict of guilty. But if, on the contrary,
they entertained any substantial doubt on the case, then
they must give the prisoners the benefit of that doubt,
and acquit them.
The jury then retired, and at half-past ten o'clock at
night returned into Court with a verdict of Nut Guilty.
Mr. OVEREND, on behalf of the prosecution, said that
it had not been decided whether they should again ar-
raign the prisoners for the murder of Catherine Maine.
—York Courant.

ALLEGED HIGHWAY ROBBERY
IN STRANGEWAYS.

On Saturday morning, information was given at the
B division police station, to the effect, that as Mr. Pete'
Roylance, provision merchant, Hanging Ditch, was pro-
ceeding home on Friday evening, between nine and ten
o'clock, he was robbed of a gold watch and seals, while
between the weighing machine and the first toll bar, on
the Bury New road. The robbery, it was stated, was
effected by three men, who struck him violently on the►
back of the head, causing a great effusion of blood; and
another blow, he said, dislocated his shoulder. In con-
sequence of immediately becoming insensible, he raid he
could not describe any of the men. As soon as the in-
formation was received at the police office, Mr. Beswick,
the chief superintendent, despatched Inspector M‘Mullen
to make inquiry into the case, and he learned from Mr.
Roylance that he had walked from Plymouth Grove to
Broughton-lane, on the evening in question, having
called and changed a sovereign on the way, at the Legs
of Man public-house, at the bottom of Portland-street,
From subsequent inquiry, however, it was ascertained
that he did not change the sovereign at the Legs of
Man, but at the Strangeways toll-bar.;
The above are such particulars as we could learn of
this singular case on inquiry at the police-cffice. On
making inquiry yesterday morning of Mr. Roylance, we
were informed that his father, after visiting a relative in
Plymouth Grove, left that house about a quarter or half
past eight o'clock in the evening, and proceeded straight
homeward; his son stating that he is not at all aware
that his father called at the Legs of Man, or changed a
sovereign anywhere, save at the Strangeways toll-bar.
About a quarter after nine o'clock, just as he was passing
the shops and beer-shop at the corner of Broughton
lane, he was struck, from behind, a heavy blow on the
head or shoulder, he does not remember which, from the
effects of which he fell, and then saw three men about
him, but almost immediately became insensible. On re
covering his senses, he found himself lying on the
ground, and he got up, suffering much from the in-
juries he had received, which he believes to have
been inflicted by some blunt instrument ; and he sup-
poses he must have received several severe blows,
as his shoulder bone was ,fractured, and be ban
also two or three severe bruises on the head, and
he bled very much from the head and shoulder.
On recovering himself, he found that his gold level
watch, with gold seals an l key, attached by a black rib.
bon, was missing ; that the right pocket of his trowsers
was torn open, and a number of small lie) s, which were
in that pocket were gone. He had then two sovereign,
in his waistcoat pocket, and a little silver money ; but
he suppases they were alarmed and ran off without
searching his pockets minutely. Ile subsequently pro-
cured a cab and reached home a little before ten &Clock.
Such is the statement of Mr. Roylance himself. W,
have still to notice those given by the toll bar keeper
and by a cab-driver. The bar-keeper says that Mr.
Roylance was twice at the bar-house that evening, the
first time about half-past nine or twenty minutes to ten,
and the second time in about ten minutes afterwards.
The first time he knocked at the bar-house door, and on
the keeper coming out asked him where the gate led to.
I'he keeper told him, to Broughton, and Mr. Roylance
then asked if the way to Broughton was not in that di-
rection (pointing to.vards the town), and being told that
it was the other way. he thanked the keeper and went
on towards Broughton. From this circumstance the
bar-keeper believed Mr. Roylance, who daily passes up
and down the road to his residence, to be in a state of
intoxication. A few minutes afterwards, a cabman.
named Emanuel Birkbeck, on passing through the gate
with his empty cab, after taking a fare to Broughton,
told the bar• keeper that he had just seen Mr. Peter Roy-
lance, in Broughton-lane, and that he said he had been
robbed of his watch. Nothing more passed at the time,
and Birkbeck drove on town wards. A few minutes after
this, as another two• wheeled cab (the bar-keeper thinks
the number is 94, painted in black figures on the yellow
body of the cab) was also returning empty to the town.
when Mr. Roylance again came up, and hailed the driver
and asked him if he could take him home. The driver said
he could, and Mr. Roylance then asked the bar-keeper
to give him change for a sovereign ; and, this being done.
he got into the eab, stumbling in doing so, so that the
bar keeper still believed him to be intoxicated, and was
driven off. Neither on the first nor on the second occa-
sion that he saw and conversed with the bar-keeper, did
he say anything of having been robbed ; nor did the
bar-keeper observe any blood about his head or neck.
On these circumstances becoming known to the police
inquiry was made of Emanuel Birkbeck, who states that
he was returning townward, along Broughton-lane, he
was hailed by Mr. Roylance, near Lodge's nursery gar-
dens, about a quarter before ten o'clock at night. Mr.
Roylance told him he had been robbed, and wanted to
engage the cab to drive after them. Birkbeck said h,
would give him every assistance he could, and asked if
he should drive him home. Mr. Roylance said he might;
but he refused to go inside, and said he would sit on the
box with the driver. Birkbeck was then seated, and
Mr. Roylance was climbing up when the horse started
off ; Birkbeck pulled up ; but Mr. Roylance lost his ba-
lance and fell over the box across Birkbeck's legs, and
pitched with his head and shoulder foremost on the

•
ground, on the opposite side of the cab to that-on which
he was climbing. Birkbeck says he saw he had cut his
ear with grazing against a part of the cab in falling; but
he got up again, and declined to go in the cab, so Birk-
beck proceeded on his way towards the town. We shall
offer no comments on this singular matter, further than
to add, that it is probable some at least of the severest
personal injuries sustained by Mr. Roylance were the
result of his fall from the box of the cal;. That he has
been robbed of his watch there can be little doubt ; but
how, by how many, where, and with what degree of vio-
lence, are matters which the above circumstances leave
enveloped in doubt. Mr. Roylance has been attended
since Friday by Mr. Thorpe, and on inquiry yesterday
morning we learn that he is progressing favourably. 1-1,,
suffered great pain in the shoulder, but this is a favourable
symptom, indicating that the severed parts are re-uniting.
—Manchester Guardian.

How TO MAKE A QUARTERN LOAF OUT or A
DEAL
otohemwakoeodw, oaordterflobuerinagccsotrrdipinpged of thetoP ro
bark,
sawed transversely into disks of an inch
in diameter. The saw-dust to be preserved, and the
disks reduced in a pounding mill. The whole ahould
now be boiled, or subjected for a length of time to the
action of cold water, which will free it from anything
harsh or bitter. It is afterwards to be dried and ground
in a flour. The ground wood is next baked into small
flat cakes, with water rendered slightly mucilaginous by
Pro-
fessor
r is Autenrieth,
BOARD!--To
t o tAeßbn Der ile h—tT
the addition of some marshmallow roots, linseed or
lime-tree bark ;an ounce of mallow-root is suffi-
cient for eighteen quarts of water. The cakes are
baked until they are brown on the surface ;
they should be again broken, re-ground, and re-baked.
The Professor found fifteen pounds of birch flour, with
three pounds of sour wheaten leaven, and two pounds of
wheaten flour mixed up with eight measures of newmilk, yielded thirty-six pounds of very good bread. Tto
Learned Professor tried the nutritious properties oi
wood flour in the first instance on a young dog ; after
wards he fed two pigs on it ; and from the success of the
experiment he attacked it himself. His family, he says,
ate it in the form of gruel or soup, dumplings, and pan.
cakes, and found them palatable and quite wholesome.—
Abridged from Quarterly Review.
A " STRIKE " AMONG THE MAGISTRATES.—It is
rumoured that our metropolitan magistrates have
been putting their heads together, and come to the
determination of making a combined call upon the
jov9rnment for an increase of salary. We wonder
if the gentleman who lately committed the ship carpen-
ters for refusing to work with an individual they did not
like, is one of the members of the magisterial " strike?"'
—Dublin Pilot.