The Sun.
London, England, 1833-01-24 00:00:00

all, because it was not deferred beyond the period
at which the next Congress might be assembled,
which we have many reasons for believing would be
better disposed than the present, to remove the
evils which have led to all these difficulties.
8. Resolved, That we have observed in the
recent proclamation of the President of the United
States principles avowed, and powers assumed for
the Federal Government, which we feel it to be
our solemn duty to disapprove and protest against.
That we regard them as violating the true con-
struction and spirit of the Constitution, and as in-
consistent with the doctrines which this State has
repeatedly asserted. That we hailed the commu-
nication of the President to Congress, at the com-
mencement of its Session, with admiration, as the
harbinger of better times—as recalling the Govern-
ment to the objects for which it was originally
constructed—as leading the way to a removal of
the cause of all our existing difficulties—and as
containing an exposition, as just as it was able, of
the true principles on which our admirable political
system was intended to be founded. That we feel
called on to express our disapprobation of the prin-
ciples of the recent proclamation, lest our silence
should be misinterpreted, arid the known approba-
tion of Virginia of other measures of the present
Administration, should be regarded as sanctioning
opinions which we sincerely believe to be of dange-
rous tendency, and which would obliterate the lines
which separate the States, and revolutionize the cha-
racter of our Government as a confederacy. That
although the people of these United States, it is
true, assen•ed to the present Constitution, and are
bound by all laws made in conformity thereto, yet
we regard it as equally true that it was a confederacy
formed by the States as such, ratified by the States
as such, and of which the States, as distinct political
communities, are now the Members. That we can
never consent to deny the right of any individual
Sate which voluntarily entered into this political as-
sociation far an indefinite period, to withdraw herself
peaceably from it, when causes shall occur which,in
her judgment, shall render such secession necessary.
That while, however, we regard a State as having a
right to recede from the Union, " when the sole
alternatives left are the dissolution of the Union
with them, or submission to a Government without
limitation of powers," we think that prudence dic-
tates that no State should ever resort to such an
alternative, until the last extremity has been ap
proached, and every constitutional effort has been
tried, and every peaceful experiment exhausted, to,
obviate the supposed injury.
That in case of " a deliberate, palpable, and dan-
gerous exercise of other powers not granted by the
said compact, the States who are parties thereto
have the right, and are in duty bound, to interpose
for arresting the progress of the evil, and for main-
taining, within their respective limits, the autho-
rities, rights, and liberties appertaining to them."
Tha' as a consequence from this principle, asserted
in 1798, we can never recognise the conclusion
assumed in the proclaara ion, that a citizen of a
State which has peaceably withdrawn itself from
the confederacy, who, in discharge of the allegiance
he owes his own Sate, and in obedience to her
laws and mandates, violates a law of the remaining
Union, can thereby forfeit his life as a traitor. That
we view with regret some of the doctrines held
torth in the proclamation, as to the origin of our
Government, as involving a more latitudinous con.
struction of the federal compact, than was ever con-
tended for by the ancient federal party in our
country, and we awfully fear that their tendency
•vi.l be, uuless happily arrested, to accelerate the
very catastrophe their promulgation was intended
to repress.

9. Resolved, That we earnestly deprecate the
intervention of arms on either side to settle the
present unhappy cbsturbances, as calculated inevira•
bly to excite and produce the most disastrous of all

national calamities—a dissolution of the Union, and
a civil war. That we therefore affectionately, and
with all that fraternal sympathy we feel, earnestly
entreat our brethren of South Carolina to pause in
their career, to suspend the operation of their re-
cent ordinance, and of such laws as may have been
enacted to give it effect, until the expiration of the
first session of the next Congress, in order to await
the issue of other experiments, to see if Congress,
actuated by a sense of justice—impelled by s spirit
of conciliation, may not interpose, restore harmony
and tranquillity, and save the Union and their coun-
try, by abandoning the objectionable and oppressive
system—whether a general Convention of the States
may not di,sipate all causes of dissatisfaction—and
whether the mediation of other States may not be
available.

That, on the other hand, while we solemnly ap-
peal to the general Government, we respectfully
request our Pre•ident to with.stay the arm of force
—and not to urge on existing difficulties to an ex-
tremity which all must regret, which could never be
retracted—and to consequences which could never
be recalled.

That we earnestly recommend to Congress im-
mediarely to interpose. That we appeal to their
sense of justice—to their patriotism—to every con-
sidera'ion dear and valuable to man—as they appre-
ciate the Union, and love their brethren, to repeal
the obnoxious features of the tariff law, and once
more restore harmony and happiness to our beloved
country.

10. Resolved, That we hereby instruct our Sena-
tors, and request our representatives in Congress,
to use their best exertions to procure an immediate
reduction of the tariff of duties, and such gradual
reductions afterwards, as may speedily accommodate
them to the standard of a necessary revenue.
11. Resolved, That for the purpose of settling
and adjusting the controverted powers of the ge-
neral Government, restoring harmony among the
several States, and compromising existing diffe-
rences, it will be expedient, should Congress disap-
point our reasonable expectations, and not abandon
the present protective system of duties before the
expiration of its next Session, to call a general con-
vention of all the States.

12. Resolved, That it is expedient to appoint
:wo Commissioners, whose duty it shall be to bear
:o the Legislature of South Carolina now in Ses-

lion, or to any C,nvention of her citizens which

may have assembled, the foregoing expression o

our opinions, remonstrances, and recommendations,
and to do all in their power to induce our sister
State to listen to our mediation, and accede to our

ad vice.

13. Resolved, That the Governor of this com-
monwealth be requested to forward copies of the
foregoing resolutions to the President of the United

States, to the Governors of all the other States,

mill a request that they be communiewed to the

Legislaturvs thereof respectively, and to our Sena.
tors and Representatives in Congress.

THE ARMY.-We have received from Washington the
documents accompanying the reports of the Secretaries of
Wai , Marine, and the Treasury.
The army, as nom constituted, comprises 1 major-
general, 2 brigadier-generals, 1 adjutant.g neral, 2 in-
spa ctors.general, 1 quarterinauter•general, 4 quarter-
, masters, 1 countnissary.eeneral of subsistence, 2 commissa-
ries, 1 surgeti.genersl, 12 surgeons, 55 assistant ditto, 1
paymaster general, 14 paymasters, 1 commissary.general
of purchases, 2 military store-k epers, 13 colonels, 13
lieutenarit.c "oriels, 22 majors, 132 captains, 154 fist
lieutenants, 154 second ditto, 6 third ditto, 11 ,eree,nt-
maj irs, 11 quartermaster se,g ants, 428 sergeants 454
corporals, 14 principal musicians, 212 musicians, 108
artificers, 250 enlisted fir ordnance, and 5 052 privates.
Total coimuissioned officers, 591; non-commissioned
officers ann privates, 6,540, tasking wkule strength of
the army 7 134 meo. Tile reader will perceive that this
number is some., hat lare‘ r thaa. usual, winch is owing 0
the aldition of six companies of Rangers, comprising 685
teen, as directed by an Act of Congress, passed at the Let
session.

---111enumnber of recruits enlisted into the service during
the year nding the 30th of September, 1832, exclusive of
I,462:Haugh,, was of whom 64 enlisted at Alban), 23
at litltanore, 45 at Buff,lo, 9 at Carlisle, Pennsyl% anis,
13 at Conc..rd, Massachusetts; 18 at Hartfurtl, 19 at
Harrisburgh, Penr.sylvanta ; 11 at Lynchburg!), Vlrgibia
2tso at New York, 53 at Pluvideoce, 101 at Phil& el-
ptaa, 3 at PortlanJ, 89 at Rochester, 13 at Utica, 3 at