The Sun.
London, England, 1848-11-28 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, IUESDAY

ELEGANT LITER= PRESENT.
LIVES of the QUEENS of ENGLAND.
Ey AGNES STRICI(LAND.

Complete in Twelve Vclumes, 10s. 6d. each, bound.
The latter volumes of this important work having been reprinted,
Subscribers have now an opportunity of completing thc'r scts, by
giving an order to any bookseller.
" This remarkable, this truly great historical work is now brought
to a conclusion. Miss Strickland has given a most valuable eolith-
butien to the History of En land, awl we have no hesitation in af-
firming that no one can be said to possess an accurate knowledge
of the history of the country who has not studied her Lives of
the Queens of England."—Morning Herald.
Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street.

13, Great Marlborough-street.
INT 0T I C E.—VOL. IV. of PEP Y S'
DIARY AND CORRESPONDENCE,
NEW EDITION, with the Omitted Passages Restored,
Edited by LORI) BRAYBROOKE,
Will be ready with the Magazines, December I.
N.B.One more volume will complete the work.
Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough. street.

WITH A PORTRAIT OF CERVANTES, AND AN
ILLUSTRATION BY LEECH.
TIIE DECEMBER NUMBER, price Half-a-Crown, of
BENTLEY'S MISCELLANY,
To be published Tc-Morrow,
WILL CONTAIN :
THE BYE-LINES AND DOWNS OF ENGLAND,
With Turf Scenes and Characters.
By SYLVANUS.
Queen's Bench Sketches. No. 3. The Dane and his
By W. H. Maxwell. Author of The Glasses el Gonda. By 11. F.
" Stories of Waterloo." ; Chorley.
Lord Mayor's Day. By Albert Para ; or, Scenes and Adventures
Smith. ; on the Banks of the Amazon.
An Hour with Lady Ann Hamil- By J. E. Warren.
ton ; or, Who was George the The Lunatic Lover.
Fourth's Spy. By the Author Our Times By Mrs. Mathews.
of " Experiences of a Gaol The Dreste.t-r.
Chaplain." a'Vienna During the Late Insurrec-
A Mystic Serenade. I tion.
Memoirs of Chateaubriand. Writ- Graves of Genius.
ten by Himself. Biographical Sketch of Cervantes.
The Tyr* Mr. Smiths; or, The With a Portrait.
Double Mistake. By Harry The Cellini Cup. By Samuel
Hieover. With as Illustration James Arnold.
by J. Leech. Popular Books of th e Month.
Career of Genei el Ca vaignac.
WAYSIDE PICTURES
Through France, Belgium, and Germany.
Chap XIV. Life on the Rock.
Chap. XV. Idrldge of_pgutQrson.
Chap. XVI. Route to 1.49141a10.
Richard Bentley, New Burlington-street.

THEATRE ROYAL, COVENT GARDEN.
Manager, Mr. BUN N.
GENERAL REDUCTION OF .PRICES.

The repeated representations that have been mad to the manage-
ment respecting a reduction of prices, in order to :co, t the exigencies
of the times, have led to its present adoption. In complying with so
general an expression of public feeling, it is only accessary to state
that precisely the same character of performacce will be given, sup-
ported by the same artistes, and aided by all the gorgeous parapher-
nalia of the establishment, presenting a series of attractions on a
scale of admission suitable to all classes, without any precedent in so
splendid a Theatre.
SCALE OF ADMISSION.
Dress Circle in the Grand Tier Six Shillings.
First Circle. ....... ~...... Five Shillings.
Upper Boxes. ••.. • ......... Four Shillings.
Pit .. •.•• • • • Half-a-Croww.
Lower Gallery .............. One Shilling and Sixpence.
Upper Gallery .............. One Shilligg.
Private Boxes, One and Two Guineas ; Stalls, Sevon Shillings.

Half-price at Nino o'clock.
Dress Circle, as. ; First Circle, 2s. 6d. ; Ul •per Boxes, 2s. ; rat
1. 6d.; Lower Gallery, Is. ; Upper Gallery, 6J.
THIS EVENING,
The Entertainments will commence with a Grand Opera, entitled

TIIE BRIDE OF LAMMERMOOR.
Lucy Ashton, Mdlle. Nissen; Edgar Ravenswood, Mr. Sims
Reeves. . . _

After which, the First Act of
THE PERI.

Is which Mdlles. Plunkeit,CelesteStephan, Mcncelct, Cushnie,
Annie Payne, M. Petipa, &c., will appear.
To conclude with a Grand Ballet, entitled
LE BAL MASQUE.
Doors open et Half-past Six, performance tc commence at Seven.
The Box-office is open from Ten till Five, under the direction of
Mr. John Parsons.

THEATRE ROYAL, HAYMARKET.
Mr. B. Webster, Sele Lessee and Manager. Old Brompton.
The public is respectfully informed that this Theatre has, during
the recess, undergone very extensive repairs aLd alterations and the
whole re-decorated.

THIS EVENING.
Will be performed the Comedy of TWELFTH NIGHT. Viola,
Mrs. Charles Kean.
After which, THE RANSOM. Pauline, Mrs. Charles Kean.
Te conclude with THE IRISH ATTORNEY. Pierce O'Hara, Mr.
Hudson.

THEATRE ROYAL, ADELPHI.
under the direction of Madame Celeste.
During the Recess this Theatre has been entirely re-decorated, the
original designs by Digby Wyatt, Reel , executed by Mr. Sang. .1.
new Stage, Curtain, Act Drop, and Chandelier. An approved sys-
tem of Ventilation, &c., &c. The Private Boxes enlarged, Backs
added to the Seats, and Stalls rendered more comfortable.

ROYAL LYCEUM THEATRE.
Under the Managemeat of Madame VestriS.
Sole Lessee, Mr. Charles Ma' he As.
THIS EVENING,
Will be performed THE MERRY WIVES 0 f WINDSOR. Cha-
racters by Messrs. Granby, F. Matthews, C. Mathews, Cooper, Bel-
lingham, Meadows, Selby, Hall, Binge, lionnca. F. Cooke, Charles,
Mi.s Marshall, Madame Vestris, Mrs. Yates, Mi Is K. Fitzwilliam,
and Mrs. Macnamara.
To conclude with an APPEAL TO THE F ÜBLIC.
Dress Uoxes, 55.; Upper Boxes, 4s. ; Pit, 2 . ; Gallery, Is. No
kalf-price to any part of the house.
The ,Sew Box-office, No. 2, Wellington. stye. f, is open to the
public k•vc ry clay, from Ten till Six.

PRINCESS'S THEATIZP:.
Mr. J. M. Maddox, Sole Lessee and Manager.

During the Recess this Theatre has been re• decorated and embel-
lished In a superb and costly manner ty3f r Ilurwitz. 1 new Chan-
delier has been fitted, and the best airar►;( men is have been rhade ior
the due Ventilation of the Theatre, and the co:wort and conveNience
of the audience.

THIS ETENING,

Will be performed the first act of...the Opera LA VIVANDIERB.

To be followed by a New DIVERTISSEMENT.
To which will be added the last act of LUCIA DI LAMMER-
MOOR. Edgar, Mr. Allen ; Ashton, Mr. Weiss ; Lucy Ashton,
Mdlle. Di Itoissi.

After which, a new Faree, entitled TILE MODEL COUPLE, ix
which Messrs. Oxberry, G. Cooke, Mrs. Selby, and Miss E. Stanley
will perform.
To conclude with the Burletta of MIDAS. Apollo, Miss Poole.

TO CORRESPONDENTS.
go communication can be attended to uriess authenti-
cated by tht name and address of the writer.
dejected communications cannot be returned.

THE WEATHER—SUN OFFICE, NOVEMBER 28.
TMERMOMETER, Lowest, 43; Highest, 50; Noon, 50.

BAR NETER, 30.15.
WIND S.W.; Gne clear weather.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE THIS DAY.
Morning .. 10 min. after 3 I Evening 21 min. after 2

Despot ; in Prussia. the Berliners bay 9 been struggling
af.Onst an ambitious Charlatan ; in Rome the Ititlians
have been raising the rcd hfind of murder against a
Benefactor whose name ble.:sed, and whose v!rtue2,
are reverenced throughout the length and breadth of
Christendom.

From the accounts published both yesterday and
this evening in our Foreign Correspondence, it will
be perceived that the November Insurrection in the
Eternal City commenced with the assassination of the
Prime Minister, and terminated with the bombard-
ment and capture of the Quirinal. From the unpo-
pularity of Count Rossi it was dreaded lest his life
might be attempted on the occasion of his next at-
tendance at the Chamber of Deputies. The antici-
pation was unhappily but too speedily fulfilled; for,
on the 15th instant, the statesman who had be( n
principally instrumental, as French Ambassador, in
securing the election of JOHN MASTAI, Cardinal
FERETTI, to the Pontifical Chair towards the middle of
1846, was stabbed in the lower part of the neck by a
stiletto while walking from his carriage up the grand
staircase of the Palazzo del Cancellaria. Having
stained their cause with blood, the people became
reckless in their proceedings, and early on the
morning of the 16th of November assembled
in a vast multitude upon the Piazza del Popolo
—the populace fraternizing with the Civic
Guard, the troops of the line, and the carabineers.
Here they appear to have matured their revolutionary
projects, resolving to demand from the PONTIFF the
following concessions :
I. The recognition of Italian nationality.
IL The Convocation of a Constituent Assembly, and
the deliberation of a Federal Pact.
111. That the deliberations of the Council of the De-
puties on the war of independence should be carried
into effect.
IV. That the programme of Mamiani (June 5) should
be fuLowed out or realised.
V. That a Democratic Ministry should be at once
appointed.

After proceeding to the Chamber of Deputies, and
placing the national representatives at their head, the
mob marched in solemn procession to the palace of
the Quirinal. Our Roman correspondent has already
explained how the deputations were received by the
SOVEREIGN ; how his HOLINESS replied through
Cardinal SocLla that he would take the popular de-
mands into consideration, although resolved to con-
cede nothing on compulsion ; how, on the second
application, the POPE announced his inflexible deter-
mination not to yield anything to violence; and how the
fighting ultimately commenced between the Swiss or
Papal Guards and the insurgent multitude. It was
not until the firing had lasted for three hours ; when
the palace was surrounded on all sides by overwhelm-
ing numbers ; when the principal entrance was
burst open by discharges of cannon ; when the
sharpshooters, firing their rifles from behind
the equestrian statues of Castor and Pollux,
had shot Monsignor PALMA, one of the POPE'S
Cameriere Segreto, through the forehead; when
the belfry of St. Carlino, overlooking the walls of the
Quirinal, had been seized ; and when the ultimatum of
the assailants had been dispatched to the Sovereign
PONTIFF, informing him that, in case of a continued
refusal, at the expiration of one hour, the palace
would be stormed, and every soul in it, with the
exception of himself, destroyed—it was not until
then, we say, that no NoNo at last, to save
the lives of his brave defenders, granted the demands
of his criminal and ungrateful subjects. Cardinal
LAMBRUSCHINI had scarcely escaped in the disguise
of a dragoon when the following Administration was
proclaimed :

ROSMINI
nister of Public Instruction.
MAMIANI

GALLETTI.. Home and Police.

LUNATI. ... Finance.

CAMBELLO .. . . War.

STEBBINI Commerce and Public Works.

Other offices being reserved for the rest of the fa-
vourites of the democratic party, including SALICETI,
FuscoNl, SERENI, HEREIN!, and the Prince DE
CANINO, the hairbrained nephew of the Emperor
NAPOLEON. To the stenographic dispatch received
by electric telegraph at Paris, and printed in
the columns of the Univers, to the effect
that the PONTIFF had been expelled from Rome,
we attach no credence whatever; though it were
well perhaps for PIO NONO should such ultimately be
the case, seeing that the Romani have proved them-
selves unworthy of that great man, whose misfortune
is the circumstance of his being three centuries in
advance of his age, and whose only crimes are the
liberality of his patriotism and the excess of his
benevolence.

The negotiations that had been carried on for the
proposed amalgamation between the three great
companies have been brought to a premature con-
clusion. The contemplated arrangements have com-
pletely fallen to the ground. As we had anticipated
from the moment, that the project was first an-
nounced, difficulties and impediments arose which
could not possibly be surmounted. The represen-
tatives of the contracting parties differed on the first
point of any real importance that was brought for-
ward. It was manifest that a superior board
should be constructed to adjudicate upon
all doubtful questions, and the constitution
of that board formed the immediate subject of dis-
pute. The directors of the Great Western and South-
Western Companies insisted that the contracting
parties should be equally represented in that board,
a demand against which the North-Western directors
most strenuously protested, declaring " that the larger
raid-up capital of their company as compared with
the capital paid up of the other companies, and the
amount required to complete their engagements re-
spectively, rendered the principle not in accord-
ance with the practice adopted in similar cases,
nor reasonable in itself ; " but, at the same
time, they expressed their willingness "to allow
the number of directors to be settled by the
committee on the Bill, or by reference, after the
passing of the Act, subject to the approbation of the
proprietors." This reasonable suggestion was, how-
ever, peremptorily rejected. The other boards con-
sidered their claim to equal representation to he an
indispensable condition, in which no alteration could
be sanctioned, and the North-Western directors have
in consequence issued circulars to their shareholders,
stating " that there is no longer any necessity for
their attendance, either personally or by proxy, at the
intended meeting of the 13th December."
Although the immediate cause of the dispute was
that above set forth, the elements of future strife
were painfully apparent in other matters brought
under the consideration of the delegates from the
different companies. The South-Western Company
asserted their right to push on their lice to Windsor,
and to establish a separate station in that town, with-
out submitting the question to the decision of the
joint board. 'ibis determination was strongly op.
posed by the Great Western, who viewed the exten-
sion with the utmost jealousy, considering that if the
amalgamation should not finally take place, it would
prove highly prejudicial to their own interests to permit
a rival to obtain a footing in their territory, and that
if the arrangement was carried into execution, a great
and unnecessary expense would be occasioned thereby.
The Southerns were, however, resolved not to lose
the golden opportunity, or to abandon a position so
advantageous. They therefore caused the notices of
their intended application for the proposed extension
to be publishede—a proceeding which the Great
Western decided- on opposing, so that we should
have witnessed a' fierce Parliamentary contest actu-
ally waging dur.ing the existence of the 41 united
board," a conflict to the expenses of which the North-
Western shareholders, to whom it was a matter of
the most perfect indifference, would contribute
largely.

The Great Westerwhad also its "reserved points."
It refused to permit the question of the gauges
to remain open, but made it a sine qua non that
" the broad gauge should be laid and maintained over
the lines for which it has been authorised by Parlia-
ment, or over any lines in substitution, whenever such
railways might be constructed, and that no steps
should he taken, by application to Parliament or
otherwise, for relinquishing or abandoning the use of
the said gauge as respects those lines." 'I he break of
gauge would therefore be perpetuated, and however
objectionable it might prove, and injurious to the
interests of the " united company," no steps could be
taken to provide an adequate remedy. Another sti-
pulation also was introduced on their behalf—viz., that
the other companks should not be permitted to amal-

.0,-amate without their being incluEd in any arrange
ment that might take place.
When so many sources of dissension existed it
could not reasonably have been expected that the
matter would have been brought to an amicable ter-
mination. We have already (in The Sun of the 10th
instant) pointed out other difficulties that shoull be
surmounted before " a permanent and absolute
identity of interest among the shareholders of the
three companies" could be attained. On what
principle could the relative values of the shares
have been settled? How could the objections of the
debenture holders have been set at rest, and in what
manner would the several engagements entered into,
the guarantees given, and the existing liabilities of
every description, have been provided for ?
These questions could never have been satisfactorily
answered, and it is far better for the proprietors them-
selves, and for the community in general, that the
project should be broken off at the very outset, than
that contests should have arisen that must have em-
blttered the feelings .of all parties concerned, and laid
the foundation of future disputes.

More than two years since we directed public
attention to the state of the law, and the mode of
administration, in the Channel Islands. Abuses had
arisen that required an immediate remedy. The civil
and criminal codes should have been revised, with a
view to the introduction of extensive measures of re-
form, suited to the character and the wants of the
inhabitants. Since that period commissions have been
issued, Jersey and Guernsey have in turn been visited,
close and searching inquiries were instituted, and
long reports published, but nothing has as
yet been done to carry the recommendations
contained therein into execution, or to relieve the
people from the grievances to which they have been
exposed. The "Jurats" still dispense justice according
to their own views. "The States" are still consti.
tuted in the manner that provoked our animadver-
sions. The legislative and judicial functions are still
blended together, and the objectionable principles of
the old feudal law are retained and reverenced with
almost superstitious veneration. We have no hesita-
tion in saying that there is no security for property
under the present state of the law. Houses or lands
purchased from a perfectly solvent proprietor
may be made subject to the debts contracted by the
vendor subsequently to the sale, and trust property is
liable for the private debts of a bankrupt or in-
solvent trustee. Surely such a state of affairs cannot
be tolerated among a civilized people living under the
shelter and protection of the British law, and in the
immediate vicinity, within a few hours' sail, of our
southern ports. The constitution of " the States,"
the legislative assemblies of the different islands,
and the difficulties interposed in the way of any new
legislation, forbid the hope that any ade-
quate measures of reform will be introduced
or sanctioned therein. It is to the Imperial Parlia-
ment that the inhabitants must look for redress, and
such an appeal cannot be postponed or rejected—an
appeal based alike on equity and expediency, and
which claims a favourable response on every con-
sideration of natural justice and state policy.
We would invite the attention of our readers to a
letter to the Honourable and Learned Gentleman the
Member for Bolton, which appears in another part of
our impression this day, as affording the most powerful
illustration of some of the evils to which we have
referred. The author, Mr. LE CRAS, has rendered
himself conspicuous for the zeal and energy he has
exhibited in urging the claims of his countrymen to
an improved code, and for the ability and the vast
fund of information he displayed in his evidence be-
fore the Commissioners. He is a faithful and
trustworthy witness, on whose fidelity and accuracy
implicit confidence may be reposed. Can his plain
and simple statement be read without astonishment ?
Can our English brethren believe that there is no
security for even the buildings consecrated to the
purposes of religian ; that Dissenting congregations
may be deprived of the chapels they have erected with
their own money, by their own voluntary contribu-
tions, as places of worship, on account of the private
debts of trustees, or the the embarrassments of the
quondam owners of the lands on which these
buildings had been erected ? Yet, unfortunately, it
is but too true. No doubt exists on the subject.
Mr. La GRAS mentions that not only is there the
possibility of such a result, but that it has actually
occurred in many cases. He instances " a chapel
built for the Independents, and another for the
Baptists, which were lost and made liable,
for the private debts of the parties who purchased
the ground. Notwithstanding they had reconveyed
the buildings to persons who, it was thought, held
them in trust for special purposes. Two other cha-
pels, the one belonging to the Wesleyan Methodists
and the other to the Unitarians, are placed in jeo-
pardy on similar grounds, it being attempted to make
them liable for the debts of trustees, who never pos-
sessed one shilling of interest in the chapels 1" This
is, indeed, as Mr. LE Cans justly observes, both
" monstrous and roguish, and loudly calls for re-
dress—redress, however, which the Assembly will not
give, one-third of which is composed of Church
parsons, who have no community of feeling with
the Dissenting bodies, another third of Jurats, who
are opposed to the enactment of any laws, and the
remainder of constables—men who, with the excep-
tion of two or three, have not even sufficient capacity
to write out the charges they present with their
prisoners, much less to devise legislative
remedies for these grievances." It must, therefore,
be for the British Parliament to interpose, and to
afford that protection which is the right and privilege
of every subject of the British Crown ; and a day
should not be lost in preparing the necessary measures
for its consideration.

THE FRENCH REPUBLIC.

We have received the Paris papers of yesterday.
The effect that has been produced by the eloquent
and unanswerable defence of General CAVAIGNAC is
immense. It has. even reduced the Don Basilio of
politics, Esau DE, GIRAEDIx, to silence, for one day
at least. The' Presse takes time to consider, and will
resume the discus*ion when the speech of General
CAVAIGNAC shall have appeared in the Aroniteur.
The National has the following, which is really
excellent, as showing the penetration of the gentle-
man who, in. the columns of the English organ of
the Reactionaries says ditto to all the calumnies of
M. EMILE DE GIRARDIN :—" In a lengthy article,
says tie National, borrowed principally from the dis-
gusting compilations of the Presse, the _Morning
Chronicle enumerates the reasons which militate
against the nomination of General Cavamrsac to the
Presidency. One of these reasons is his forensic
deficencies." ! ! !
"This piece of criticism arrived in Paris this morn-
ing. It could not have come more apropos. What
does the great orator, M. BONAPARTE, the candidate
of the Morning Chronicle, think of it.
Among those who voted in favour of the motion
and consequently in of M. DUPONT DE L'EUREs
fa-
vour of General CAVAIGNAC, were M. FRANCJIS
ARAGO, member of the Executive Commission ; MM.
CARNOT, FLOCON, and TRELAT, Ministers under the
Executive Commission ; General CRANGARNIER, and
MM. DE REMUSAT, DE TOCQUEVILLE, DE MORNAY,
DE TRACY, DE FALLOUX, DE LAROCHEQUELEIN, &C.
The thirty-four who voted against the resolution,
consisted almost exclusively of the most exalted por-
tions of the Mountain and Socialist parties ; who
were however joined, on this occasion, by M. VICTOR
HUGO, General BARAGUAY D'HILLIERS, President of
the Club of the Rue de Poitiers, and by M. LUCIEN
MURAT. The other members of the Bonaparte fa
mily abstained from voting, as did MM. TIIIERS,
ODILON BARROT, MOLE, DUPIN, MONTALEMBERT,
LEON DE MALLEVILLE, JULES FAYRE, BERRYER,
LAMENNAIS, LEDRU ROLLIN, GARNIER PAGES,
BARTHELEMY ST. HILAIRE, LEON FAUCHER, and, of
course, General CAVAIGNAC.
On leaving the Assembly on Saturday, M. FELIX
PYAT. who had abstained from voting, accused M.
PROUDHON, who had voted against the resolution, of
being a secret agent of General CAVAIGNAC. M.
PROUDHON retorted by a blow, which gave M. FELIX
PYAT a bloody nose.
The following correspondence appears on this sub-
ject in the Reforme :
" We, the und(rsigned, declare, that after en alterca-
tion which took place yesterday in the coulisse of the
Assembly, between ALA. Pyat and Proudhon, we, in the
name of M. Pyat, waited on MM. Langlois and Freury,
iriends of M. Proudhon, with the view of re (Firing from
the latter satisfaction by arms. M. M. Langlois and Freury
answered that M. Proudhou considered himself to be
the offended party, and would neither ask nor give sa-
tisfaction."

(Signed) BAUNE, MARTIN BERNARD,
" Representatives of the people."
The National contains the following:—

-------- -
" The officers, sub-officers, corporals, and privates of
the 4th Legion of, the National Guard of Paris as.

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