The Sun.
London, England, 1870-04-19 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, APRIL 19, 1870.

postage on newspapers. So long as the
great majority of newspapers were charged at
from threepence upwards, the charge of one penny
for carriage did not seem excessive. But as soon as
the penny press was firmly established, it became
apparent that the Government ought to charge less
than cent per cent upon the value of the article
carried. The slowness of the Government to move
in this matter led to the loss of a very large bush'', cs
which it might have retained in its hands.
Private individuals, without the privileges which
a monopoly and a vast organisation confer,
found that they could do the work for
less than half the price which the Government
demanded. The Government has at last bestirred
itself, but it must not expect that firms like Messrs.
Smith and Son, which have been in possession of this
lucrative field for so many years, will allow themselves
to be driven out of it. At the same time it is not
every part of the country which a private firm, how-
ever extensive its organisation, can reach. There are
districts which would not pay for the working, and it
is only a Government which has the purse of the
nation to fall back upon that can occupy such dis-
tricts.

There seems to be some doubt in the public mind,
and even in the minds of those who should have
certain knowledge, as to the exact details of the con-
cessions which Mr. Lowe has announced. It is
questioned if Mr. Lowe means to charge a halfpenny
for every newspaper, however light, or merely a half-
penny for every six ounces of newspapers. We cannot
suppose for one moment that the former course is in-
tended. Such an alteration would,so far from being an
advantage, be a positive disadvantage to the cheap
newspapers. At present three copies 0f,..a paper of
fifty-six columns will go for one penny. X still larger
number of half-penny papers are carried for the same
postage. To enforce payment for every single paper
would be to inflict a serious fine upon the
latter class, and even the former would escape
injury only by making use of the " printed matter "
tariff. Such a course as this would be so utterly re-
trograde that we cannot imagine any Cabinet pre-
sided over by Mr. Gladstone, the Minister who
carried the repeal of the paper duty in spite of enor-
mous obstacles,, entertaining it. The step would be
all the more reprehensible because under Mr. Lowe's
new arran:ement an enormous advantage is
conferred upon the Times. That is the only
daily paper which ever publishes a sheet
weighing six ounces. A large portion of this matter
is advertisements, that is, information which the
Times is paid handsomely for publishing. On the
other hand, the cheap newspapers, giving a much
larger proportion of news, have to pay for most of
the information which they circulate. The close rela-
tions between the leading journal and the Chancellor
of the Exchequer have doubtless had some influence
in fixing the weight adopted under the new tariff;
and the proprietors of the Times were so well aware
of Mr. Lowe's intentions that they were enabled to
forestall the Budget by announcing to their sub-
scribers that henceforth their journal would be sent
by post for threepence. We do not grudge
our contemporary the great advantage which
it will derive from from this new arrangement,
for, as we understand that arrangement, other jour-
nals will share the benefit conferred. But the pro-
prietors of the cheap press throughout the kingdom
would be up in arms against Mr. Lowe if it were
supposed that they were to be left out in the cold,
while the Times alone was allowed to sun itself in the
light of the Chancellor's countenance.

EXTRAOP,DINARY MURDER IN FRANCE.

About seven o'clock on Saturday morning a lady 84
years of age was brutally murdered in the Rue du Tapi
Vert, Marseilles. The lady, who belongs to a family en-
gaged in mercantile pursuits in this town, was seized as
she was going out of the house, and kicked to death.
Her cries brought in the neighbours, who immediately
secured the murderer, and lodged him- in the custody of
the police. He said, in explanation of his crime, that he
believed the old lady was a witch, and that he was suffer-
ing- from her spells.

~.--41
-c._,-t:
Cana ',
'',i2:%-Lr (firjrnbt
~i.c.----,- .:64:- ,
~..v.4_,

HER MAJESTY.

OSBORNE, April 18.

The Queen, accompanied by her Royal High-
ucss the Priuceas of ‘Vales, walked and drove out

this moming.

LATEST INTELLIGENCE.

(REU'"ER'S TELEGRAMS.)
FRANCE.

PARIS, April 18 (Evening.)

The Francais of this evening states that Count
Armand has been nominated French Minister at
Lisbon, in the place of M. de Montholon, who goes
to the Senate. The Legitimist journals are printed
in mourning on account of the death of the Duchess
de Berry.
BOURSE, April 18.—Three o'clock—The market
closed as follows :

4 per Cent.
3 per Cents 74 65
End of month 74 05
Oredit Mobilier 267 50
Transatlantic 195
credit Foncier l3lO
Paris Gas 1685
Suez Canal -
RAILWA

Bank Shares 2820
haPim rives 56 15
Austrian Fives
Ottoman Loan
Do. Debt 4B 50
Spanish Threes
Home Debt —
Deferred
Cash
Orleans
Western
Northern
Strasburg
Lyons and Mediterranean
Southern..... 6lO
Sardinian
Austrian BO5
Lombard 425
North of Spain 63
Saragossa
Roman 49

TURKEY.

CONSTANTINOPLE, April 18.

A concession for the laying of a cable from Con-
stantinoph to Odessa has been granted to a com-
pany, which is represented here by M. Coumbari,
Director of the Observatory.

_ME EASTER VOLUNTEER REVIEW
AT BRIGHTON.
(FROM OUR SPECIAL CORRESPONDENTS.]

BRIGHTON, MONDAY.
The annual Easter field-day of the volunteers has been
ii 1d to-day at Brighton. It afforded a favourable con-
trast in many respects to that of last year, when
the demonstration took place at Dover. Fos
several years in succession, since the organisa-
tion of the volunteer movement, displays of
this character, which may be almost designated national;
have taken place; and, notwithstanding that the
novelty which is invariably imparted to nee,
things, has now almost entirely died away, they
are becoming more popular year by year. On the present
occasion, the review will bear comparison with any of its
predecessors, both in its brilliancy as a military spectacle,
and as shewing how our citizen soldiers are gradually im-
proving in that discipline and efficiency which alone can
make them of essential value to the country. But to
digress for a moment. It is well known that,
as a rule, the movements at military and volun-
teer reviews and sham fights are pre-arranged;
but a great deal of discussion has recently
taken place as to the efficacy of this mode of procedure
in imparting to those concerned a practical idea of the
conditions of actual warfare. The force of this has been
so far recognised in official quarters, that in some instances

the old, stereotyped method has been departed from, and
fights, not "sham," in the true sense of the word, have
taken place, in which the direction of the troops has been
wholly left with the officers in command, to be guided
precisely by what they conceive to be the emergency of
the case. This, however, has not resulted so satisfactorily
as had been anticipated. The non-observance of the pre-
cautionary regulations, has led to accidents. To this
circumstance, probably, is to be attributed the refusal of
the officials in whom the arrangement of the present
review has been vested, to extend the trial to the volun-
teers, who cannot be expected to be so thoroughly
disciplined as the soldiers of the line. It has been urged,
too, over and over again, that in order to advance the effi-
ciency of the volunteers, it is of essential importance that
frequent opportunities should be afforded them of exer-
cising with the regular troops. This argument, however,
cannot be generally, but ' only partially, applied,
for it is palpable that when the volunteers
are located in extremely isolated districts, they
can seldom have an outing with the troops, though when
they are without range of military districts, it may be
well to urge upon the authorities the necessity of remedy-
ing the deficiency much more generally than is now the
case. The War Office is evidently in a fix on the matter.
It has endeavoured to meet the difficulty on several pre-
vious occasions by appointing army officers to
act on the staff ; but the utter inutility of the
arrangement was strikingly exemplified in the last year's
review at Dover, when the staff-officers, being unable to
identify one corps from another, experienced incalculable
difficulty in delivering their orders in the proper quarters,
whilst the volunteer officers could not comprehend from
whom the instructions emanated, the whole leading to
undesirable confusion. On the present occasion the same
plan was adopted, and although as improvement was
perceptible, nearly similar difficulties had to be encountered.
How to obviate those evils, therefore, is a problem, the
solution of which ought to precede the occurrence of
another review on such an extensive, or even less, scale as
that which we are noting.
That Brighton should have been selected as the scene
of the review of 1870 cannot be a matter of surprise to
anyone—indeed, it is rather a mystery that the claims of
the " Queen of Watering Places" have for so many
years been overlooked. When the force was
first established, some ten years since, Brighton
was the first town which was called upon to accommodate
a body of volunteers, who, it will be remembered,
were with considerable succees conveyed there,
and manceuvred under Lord Ranelagh. Though,
comparatively speaking, the force on that occa-
sion was a small one the inhabitants afforded
every facility for the accommodation of the men, and if
wemista,ke not, all parties were perfectly satisfied. The two
or three reviews which were subsequently held at Brighton
simply went to confirm the opinion which many had
formed, that a more convenient spot could not be selected.
One of the great reasons why success has always attended
the review here is that Brighton is in direct
communication with London, and the South Coast
Company, with its enormous staff, is capable of
meeting almost any emergency, and added to this
the inhabitants are so accustomed to receiving
large numbers of visitors that the confusion which
is felt to such an extent at Dover and
Portsmouth does not take place here. There are amuse-
ments of every kind for the volunteers, and that the gene-
ral efforts of the townspeople are appreciated is shewn by
the fact that thousands of volunteers arrived
several days before the review. We know that the public
iose several interesting sights such as the working of
fortifications and the naval engagement which is seen at
Portsmouth and Dover, but they are amply compensated
in other ways.
Monday morning broke dull and cloudy, but as early as
nine o'clock the sun appeared, and towards noon shone
with almost summer brilliancy. Brighton, gay at all
fimes, never looked so lively as it did on
this occasion. Wherever the eye looked flags of
all descriptions were flying. The shops were closed, ex-
cept those at which refreshments were supplied. The
streets were thronged with volunteers and the general
public, and everything was animation. The arrival
of the volunteers was watched with much interest. The
corps which came East and West of the main line were
discharged at the ordinary passenger platforms, but the
London corps which of course formed the great bulk,
had a separate siding set apart for them
near an immense carriage shed which was cleared
for the occasion, and which in case of rain would
have accommodated many thousands. The arrange-
ments made by the Brighton Company were fully
equal to the occasion. The first train arrived at
6.34 a.m. from London Bridge, and was followed
at 6.41 by another than from Victoria. Between this
time and 10 o'clock about 20 volunteer trains arrived from
the two stations named, in the proportion of about three from
London-bridge to one from Victoria. The ordinary morning
train was not started until the volunteers had arrived, so
that all confusion was avoided. The utmost precaution
was taken on the line to prevent accidents. In fact,
with the largely increased staff brought into requi-
sition, the chance of a casualty was almost, if not entirely
removed. On the arrival of the volunteers they were at
once marched by the routes set down in the regulations to
the enclosures between the level and the sea. By ten
o'clock the railway company had completed their portion
of the morning's work, and the volunteers
had all safely arrived in the town and had taken
up their places at their respective rendezvous.
The first and second divisions stationed themselves at the
Level, the third division in the open space of St. Peter's
Church, and the north enclosure, whilst the Garrison
Artillery were at the enclosure opposite Marlborough-
street, and the fourth division at the Pavilion-gardens.
The respective corps arrived in quick succession,
but their arrival was not witnessed by a
large number of spectators who were probably
debarred from putting in an appearance by the somewhat
cold morning breeze. As the day advanced, however,
the numbers considerably increased, and the lookers-on
had much to admire in the varied and elegant uniforms of
some of the volunteers, the interest of this being
added to by the martial music which everywhere
resounded. Crowds of excursionists poured into the
town, and the scene became one of apparent disorder,
though the discipline of the volunteers was strongly
marked. The 3rd Middlesex Artillery brought their guns
from the station down Cheapside, and their small appear-
ance formed a theme of general comment. The Steyne
enclosure presented an exceedingly pretty appearance.
The water thrown up by the large fountain sparkled in
thh sun, and this, together with the gleaming of the
swords and small arms, which were piled on the ground in
quarter distance column, contributed not a little to the
gaiety of the scene. By 10 o'clock the locality of the rendez-
vous was all animation, and at that time a gun was fired as a
signal for the forces to proceed to the scene of action. The
preparations were speedily executed, and shortly before
eleven o'clock the troops began to move from their respective
brigading grounds. The artillery did not, as a matter of
course, take part in the procession, their guns—the number
of which was unusually large, there being three brigades of
field batteries, comprising fifty-two guns, of which twenty
were 18-pounders, having been previously conveyed
to the ground. As their transit through the crowded
streets Would obviously be productive of danger, it had
been arranged that batteries should be prepared to take
their appointed places in the line of march on the ap-
proach of the infantry columns. There were altogether
about eighty corps in the line, and the procession occu-
pied about one hour and a half in passing a given point.
They proceeded to the hill by way of the Marine Parade
sad Bedford-Atm% tlac Ittsg pace a ttepb,6l

arch, the expense of which was borne nilvate subseriPSo
had been erected. The route throughout was oonipleteW
lined with spectators, and it may be said that, at a mode-
rate computation, no less that fifty thousand persons *ea
present, this being entirely independent of the
thousands who had previously, and who sub-
sequently repaired to the reviewing ground. Pedes-
trians anxious to accompany the volunteers in their march
encountered no end of difficulty : so great was the crowd
that they were sometimes unable to budge an inch for
ten or fifteen minutes, and they then escaped, only to find
themselves in an equally, if not more, provoking difficulty
a minute afterwards. This and more had to be submitted
to, and those who were so unfortunate as to be in the
possession of tender feet deserved the utmost commiseration
for the hob nails of the rustics and the scamping feet of
the roughs—of whom, however, there was but a compara-
tively small sprinkling—were not pityingly applied. The
scene on the Marine Parade was beautifully picturesque.
Balconies and even the tops of houses were fully occupied,
the fair occupants being attired in dresses of every variety
of colours ; whilst various portions of the houses
on the noble parade were either bedecked with bunting or
ornamented with devices bearing mottoes and inscriptions
indicating a welcome to the citizen soldiers. The proces-
sion was the all-absorbing sight : with intense interest
was the passing of each corps, headed by bands of music
watched, and the spectators had not even a moment to
devote to the magnificent sea view which can be obtained
at this point, and in the admiration of which at another
time they would, doubtless, spend hours. The racecourse •
was eventually reached, and when there the whole force
formed in a mass of quarter-distance columns preparatory
for the march past.
The scene presented upon the downs almost baffles
description. The grand stand, and enclosures, which will
accommodate many thousands, were full to overflowing,
whilst the whole length of the race course was
lined with spectators, who watched the march past wit)'
evident delight. As the different brigades arrived upon
the hill they at once formed quarter-distance columns and
prepared for the rcarch past, which to the -/general
public is the most intelligible part of the day's-proceedings,
and therefore, perhaps the most interesting.
A spacious paddock to the south of the grand stand was
set apart to accommodate the several bands which had been
selected to play during the march past. Shortly before 12
o'clock, the time appointed, Lieut.-General the Hon. Sir
James Yorke Scarlett, G.C.8., who commanded the force,
appeared upon the hill, accompanied by a numerous and
unusually brilliant staff. This was the signal for a general
movement, and in the space of a few minutes -4 was
ready, and the gallant general took up his position at the
saluting point.
The march past commenced at five minutes past twelve.
First' came the Honourable Artillery Company, scarcely
fifty in number, who were the only cavalry engaged.
This fact is to be regretted, as the presence of
cavalry at the Reviews gives an additional interest to the
day's proceedings. We believe that the 10th Hussars and
the depot of the 11th Hussars are stationed at Brighton, but
as they are short of horses were unable to be present further
than to render assistance in keeping the ground. Follow-
ing the Hon. Artillery Company came the Hon. Artillery
Company's guns, namely, four pieces, well horsed and
manned. The 3rd Middlesex and the other artillery
corps which formed that branch of the service in the
first division came next. Then came the infantry in open
column, and among the corps which were recognised in the
First Division were the London Rifle Brigade, who mus-
tered about 650 strong, and who as they passed the
saluting post, were warmly cheered, the formation
of all of the eight companies being excellent.
The Tower Hamlets corps was in the same brigade, and
were equally strong. They also received a greeting for
their capital marching. The marching of a few of the
corps which followed was certainly not so good
as we have witnessed, and there seemed to be
unusual delays between the different brigades. This
was noticed by General Scarlett, who despatched an
aide-de-camp with the view of obtaining leader intervals.
Very little improvement, however, was effected, and in
several cases some time was wasted. Lord Ranelagh
who- rode at the head of the second brigade of the second
division, was recognised by the crowd, who, as usual,
gave him a good hearty cheer, and it would
thus seem that the good people of Brighton.
have not yet forgotten that it was to his
lordship's perseverance, the first review was held on their
Downs. Lord Ranelag,h, too, has, with great zeal, since
advocated the cla'ml of Brighton, and his conduct is con-
siderably appreciated. The Civil Service Corps,
the 20th Middlesex, the 7th Surrey, and the Ist
Middlesex were applauded as they passed the stand, and
right well they deserved it, especially the five companies
forming the latter corps, whose marching was really
equal to that of almost any line regiment.
The 3rd City of London, a strong company,
received a similar compliment, and several of the Hamp-
shire corps, which turned out in large numbers were,
deserving of the "bravo," with which they were greeted.

The same may be said of the London Irish,
who appear a most efficient body of men. The
Brighton Rifle and Artillery Corps, and also the other
local volunteers, were recognised readily by large numbers
of those present, and cordially greeted ; but perhaps the
most genuine burst of enthusiasm was reserved for
London Scottish, who were nearly the last to
march past. There were five companies of tolerable

strength. and they passed the saluting point like
wall so good was the " dressing" they observe 4•

Two or three of the companies appeared in full Scotch
dress, with kilts, &c., and a sprig of green was arranged:
in the bonnet of every man. They were cheered-
over and over again as they passed along•
the course, and certainly they were fully entitled td
it for their military bearing was, if equalled, not surpassiod
by any corps upon the ground. The march past occupied

scarcely an hour and a half, and immediately At
its conclusion the attacking and defending forceo
were drawn up in the position assigned to
them in readiness for the sham fight, Major-aenertg,
Russell, C. 8., taking the command of the attac-

ing force. The whole force was divided into four divisionti,

consisting of ten brigadee, and for the purposes of the
sham fight this force was divided, the first and second
divisions forming the attacking party, and the remainder
the defending party. The Artillery was commanded by
Colonel Smyth, 0.13., Colonel Eaton commanding the Ar-

finery of the attacking body. The four divisions of infantry
were commanded as follows : first, Major-General
Brownrig C.B. ; second, Major-General his Serene High-
ness Prince Edward of Saxe Weimar, C.B. ; thir4
Major-General Carey, C.B. ; and fourth, Major-General
Lvsons. C.B.

Accounts have been received at Bombay of a de-
structive fire that took place at Compta, a cotton mart On
the Malabar coast. An enormous loss of cotton is re'•
ported. About 200 houses were destroyed.

A well-dressed man on Saturday ascended to the
top of the column at the Place de la Bastille, and, on
arriving there, without a moment's delay, threw himself
over the railing above. The body was dreadfully dis-
figured by the fall, and death instantaneous.

STRIKES IN FRANCE.—Symptoms of as
have been observed at the works and coal pits of Cora'
mentr6 and B 6geux, which belong to the join-stock com-
pany of the ironworks of Chatillon and Cora-
mentre. The authorities believing a strike to be
imminent have sent two squadrons of Lancers and a
detachment of a regiment of the line to be on the spot•
The strike at Fourchambaut presents nothing of impor-
tance. The condition of Creuzot continues to be satisfac-
tory, and more than seven hundred workmen have
resumed their employments, which are carried on in the
usual fashion.

THE TURKISH LOAN.—The famous Turkish loan,
for the construction of railways has drawn forth a torrent
of the most virulent criticism in the continental press. The
Austrian National Economist says on this subject :—" The
projected undertaking is thoroughly destitute of founda-
tion, as well as of the conditions indispensable for its
success. An empire going to its ruin, administered
by a bankrupt Government never able to pay regularly its
functionaries or its soldiers, guarantees to the subscribers 3
reimbursed capital of 792,000,000 f. for 281,000,000 f. which
they really receive. The receipts of the railways are esti;
mated upon the exportation of corn, sheep, and pigs, and
by the importation of manufactured' articles for the use of
the Arnauts, Albanians, Bosniacs, and kindred poi/1113'
tions' equally civilised the one as the other. The lines
have to traverse countries whose inhabitants are far more
disposed to attack the trains and plunder them of theii
contents than to contribute in any way to the charges
their construction. As to the projectors of the affair, they
are men who offer no kind of guarantee and who cannot
inspire any shade of confidence. And they even don't
trouble themselves to promise anything. When will 01
railways be constructed? what are the expectations ci
bringing profits ? and when will the capital be reimbursed o
—all these are details about which the alr,reholders are
left to ask the Turkish Government."
THE 111TARLAND TRlAL.—There line been grectz
difficulty in obtaining jurors for the MTE,ria,nd trial r
New York. As the name of each juror was called, 1.1
wa3 put through a series of questions, Lill av
many cases the result of the scrutiny Was
favourable. The chief objection that presented itself
was the fact that so many of the jurors had read vitriols!
accounts of the affair in the different journals, and it wurt
feared their minds had been biassed, aid they could to'
pronounce an impartial opinion. This, vial is imP ed
bp the most ezeitlacome that his talon
aCO tiablit_Ot AIWA