The Sun.
London, England, 1848-05-29 00:00:00

No. 17, 370
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PUBLICATIONS.

FRA SE R'S MAGAZINE for JUNE.
Price 2s. 6d., or by Post, 35., contains :
I. France : her Revolutions, her G. Lord Ilervey's Memoirs.
Itepu'dics, her National As- 7. The Armorer of Munster—
r-eiablies, her Porties, and (Concluded).
Pre-ent Prospects. 8. The Secret Committee on
2. itlorven: a Manuscript. Military expenditure.
3. Quackery and the Quacked. 9. Whig Protessi-ns and Whig
4. Stanzas tor Music. Performance. No. If.
3. The Last Struggle of Abd-el- 10. Current History. Chronicle
lie her. A Glance at French and Commentary.
Policy in the Levant.
Lordon : John W. P

'arker, West Strand.

This Div, Sixth Edition, a!mnst wholly re-written, consider Fhly en-
larged, and embodying all the recent Discoveries in the Science up
to the present time, Two Volumes Octavo, 21. 55..
AMANUAL OF CHEMISTRY.
Ry WILLIAM THOMAS BItANDE, KR S., Professor at
the Royal Institution.

By the same Author,
A WCTIONARY of MATZ,HA MEDIJA and PHARMACY.
8 o. 154.
TABLE of CHEMICAL i'.QUIVALENTS, WEIGHTS, MEA-
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•
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On the Ist of June, the First Monthly Part, price Sixpence, of
poLtrics for the PEOPLE.
To be continued in Weekly Numbers, price One Penny, and
Monthly Parts. price Sixpence each. 1
London: John W. Parker, Vest Strand. Sold by all Booksellers
and No %smelt at Town and Coun,ry.

MitS. ELLIS'S NEW WORK.
On the Ist June will be ready for delivery,
Part 11., Price Ooc Shilling,
‘,.`i OCTAL DISTINCTION ; or, Hearts and
Homes. By Mrs. ELLIS. Author of "The Women of
England," "Fa-,ily Secrets," &c., &c. Embellished with a
h.ghly-Ilnished Engraving on Steel, from an original design by Henry
Warren, Esq., President of the New Water-Colour Society. Each
Part will contain Forty-el,ht pages of Letterpress and One Steel
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" There is some charming writing in this Arst part ; much good,
sense ; and a few admirable female portraits, that will at once com-
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On Wednesday next, price Threepence, will be publish- d,
WA Glfo R N on ENIEGRATION to
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sutieTuitEs OF VV.: URETHRA: Prevalent and Da' gerous

Erma in their Treatment.
Just published. price (by post free, 65.,) Bvo., in cloth.
THE PA I'IIO,,OGY AN!) RATIONAL
TREATMENT of STRICTURES of the URETHRA, In all
their Varieties amt C.undlications. With Practical Observations on
the Use and Abuse of In,truments in the Treatment of Urethral Dis-
ease', shown; that the unnecessary employment of Instrum nts is
the frequent e citing cause of stricture, and that a want of practical
knowlethte and manual dexterity in their use, when necessary, is a
a 'lace of most of the severe, to pro:rected, and complicated cases
of that di:iorder so feta ly prevalent. The whole illustrated by nu-
met ous cases.

By F. B. COURTENAY,
Punished by 11. 13ailliere, 219, llegent-street ; Mac'achlan, Stew-
art, and t 'n., Edinbunitt ; Hodges and +with, and Fannier and Co.,
Dub In ; Simms and Benham, Manchester ; Leighton and Laughton,
Liverpool ; and all Booksellers.

ON NERVOUS DEBILITY AND GENERATIVE DISEASE-4.
Just published, the Thirty-sixth Thousand, am improved edition, re-
vised and corrected, 120 pages, price 2s. In a sealed envelope, or
forwar 'ed by the Authors, post paid, to any ad4ress, recur' from
observation, for 2s. 60., in post ige stamps, illustrate , with mt-

tnerous Anatomical Coloured Engravings.
ITANI-1001): the CAUSES of its NRENIA-
tr I_ UTILE DECLINE, with Plain Directions for its PERFECT
RESTORATION.
A Medical Essay on those Diseases of the Generative Organs,
emanatln; from Solitary and Sedentary Habits. indiscriminate Ex-
cesses, the Effects of Climate and Infection, &c., addressed to the
sufferer in Youth, Manhood, and Old Age; with Practical Remark.
on Marriage, the Treatment and t'ure of Nervous and Mental De-
bility, Impotency, Syphilis, and other Urine-Genital Diseases. by
which event the most shattered constitution mty be rostored, and
reach the full period of lite allotted to Man. The whole illustrated
with nutnerous Anatom'eal Engravings on Steel. in colour, explaia-
i'at the various funclons, secretions, and structures of the repro-
ductive Organs in health and disease ; with instructions for private
c.rrespondence, cases. &c.
By J. L. CURTIS and CO., Consulting Surgeons,
7, Frith-street. Solto-squaro, London.
" ' Manhood.' A Medical Work.—To the gay ant thought less we
trust this little work will serve as a beacon to warn them of the
danger attendant upon the too rash indulgence of their pa :struts,
whilst to some it may serve as a monitor in the hotir of leitipta•
blon, and t . the afflicted as a sure guide to health."—Chronicle
" ' Manhood.' By J. L. Curtis, and Co.—Their long expt_ rience
and reputation in the treatment of these paint t I diseases is the
patient's guarantee, and well deserves for the work its him:lens( cir-
culatiou."—Era.
" ' Curtis on Manhood' should be in the hands of youth and old
age. It is a medical publication, ably writ en, and de v elope s lie
reatment of a class of painful malaiies whieh has too long been
the prey of the illiterate and the designing."— United Service
Gazette.

The Parent, who beholds his beloved chili pining away, and fast
approaching to a premature grave, In consequence of some disease,
which, foe want of careful investigation of its real cause, has been
set down to the score of consumption, will, on perusii', this work,
be astonished to find, that in nine-tenths of the cases of young per-
sons of both sexes, who perish of what is called pulmonary con-
sumption, heart dis&se, tabes, &c., the sole and exclusive origin has
been the Indulgence in certain destructive habits practised by youth
much more frequently than it is at all suspected.
N.B. Hours of consultation from Eleven till Two, aad Six to
Eight in the Evening.

REMOVED TO 37, BEDFORD-SQUARE.

DR. LA'NTERT UN TRH Sr:6RET INFIRNIITIEA OF YOUTH

AND NIATUILITY.-WITII 40 COLOURED ENGRAVINGS ON
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Just published, and may he had In French or English, In a SealeJ
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Stamps,
EL F. PRE SE RVATION ; a Medical Treatise
.71 on the Physiology of Marriage, Infelicitous and Unproductive
Unions, and the ;:ecret Infirmities and Disorders of Youth and Ma-
turity, usually acquired at an early period of lif,,, which enervate
,:he physical and mental powers, diminish and enfeeble the natural
feeling', and exhaust the vital energies of Manhood ; with Practice:
Observa.lons on the Treatment of Nervous Debility and Indige,tion,
whether arising trom these causes, close study, or the Influence of
tropical climates: Local and Constitutional Weakness, Syphilis,
Stricture, 11141 all Disekses and Derangements resulting from InAls-
cretion. With Forty coloured Engravings, Illustrating the
Anatomy, Physiology, and Diseases of the Reproductive Organs,
explaining their strectures, uses, and functions, and the various
injuries that arc produced in them by solitary habits, excesses, and
nfection. BY SAMUEL LA'MERT, M.D.,
37, BEDFORD-SQUARE, LONDON.

Doctor of Medicine. Matriculated Member of the University of Edin-
burgh, Licentiate of .apothecaries' Hall, London, honorary Member
of the London Hospital Medical Society, ecc.
Marriage reattires the fulalinetit of several conditions, in order
tkat it may be really the cause of mutual happiness. Could the
veil, which covers the origin or domestic wretchedness. be raised,
and its true source in every instance disclosed, in how many could
it be traced to physical disqualifications And their attendant disap-
pointments. Excesses are always injurious; the gift, which when
teed in moderation is fraught with advantage, becomes, when
Abused the prolific source of mischief and of greater or less injury
to the constitutional and vital powers. The particular excesses. on
the nature and conscouence of which this Treatise professes to dilate,
are productive of greater severity of misery to the human [mute,
hen any other to which it is subject.
This work contains an accurate and complete account of the
Anatomy and Physiology of the Reproductive Organs, and of
their relative conditions in health and disease. It deservedly
requires the closest attentien and study, for what subject can
of more importance than the preservation of the health
and of the physical capabilities of which every man should
be possessed. it unfortunately happens that the unhappy
victim of excessive indulgence and vicious habits, whether acquired
n early life or from the follies of advanced age, while suffering
from their invariable consequences, unwisely entertains a tear of ap-
plying to a qualified physician for relief. Shame and the dread so
requently, but erroneously entertained that these complaints are
beyond the reach of art, alike restrict him and prevent his seeking
or assistance where alone it can be procured. In acting thus, he
forgets that accurate discrimination n ascertaining the causes of
tiseace, sympathy with the sufferer, and, above all, secrecy, inva-
riably characterise the intelltaent and practical physician, and to the
medical man who can show by 1114 posse sion of the requisite legal
qualifications that he is entitled to esteem and respect in his profes-
'lona' pursuits, the utmost confidence should be extended. Dr.
LA'M E KT has obtained the highest medical honours, as his diplomas
ertify, and the great extent of his practice for many years is a
fuari.ntee for his professional experience, which has reference almost
solely to the treatment of these diseases.
Published by the Author, and may he had of Kent and Richards,
52, Paternostet •row ; Hannay, 63, Oxfonl-street; Stark, Tichborne-
street, Haymarket ; Mansell, 115, Fleet: street ; Gordon, 146,
Leadenhall-street, London; or, free by post for torty-two stamps,
from :he Author, who may be consulted on these disorders personally
or by letter, daily, from Ten till Two, and front Five till Eitri"; at his
17 rp.11'••••1-44fittre 1.0,04,11.

VAUXHALL GARDENS.—Great preparations have
been made at this popular place of amusement for the
approaching season, which will be commenced this
evening. An immense painting, or rather a series of
paintings, arranged to represent the streets and vistas of
a large city, and depicting Constantinople, designed by
Mr. Hattie. occupies the firework ground, and will fur-
nish the scenic effects on which will be displayed the
fireworks, &e. There are a host of equestrians, and a
splendid stud of horses. Messrs. Moseley and irallett,
from the United States, and M. Gauthier, riding-master
to the King of the Belgians, will have the arrangement
of this part of t'he entertainments. Bands of instru-
mental performers have been engaged, and a number of
old and new favourites, singers and pantomimists and
others, for the minor accessaries of amusement. The
fireworks and illuminations will be on the usual scale of
brilliancy and good taa'e.

[ADVERTISEMENT. 3—INDIGESTION AND BILIOUS
COMPLAINT of THREE YEARS' STANDING CURED BY
IhiLOWAY'S PILLS.—Mr. C. Williams, of Dungannon,
had been suffering tor three years with a severe bilious
complaint, accompanied with bad digestion, and a con-
stant expectoration of phlegm. His afflictions from
these disorders were co great, that for n‘ghts together
it was impossible for him to lio on a bed. All the me-
dicine he had taken failed to give him relief, he there-
fore determined on giving Hollovvay'a Pills a trial, and
he w•is soon gratified with the result, for this valuable
MetLeine speedily improved his powers of digestion, re-
l'o%;'eti the excess of bile, and re-established him in per-
-
fo,_tt health. Sold by all Druggists; and at Professor
I.lolloway's Establishment, 244. Strand, London.
- .

THE NAVIGATION- LAW —On Friday, at Liver-
pool,s.
change in the Navigation-1:mo.
I.,,filled with gentlemen
cTonhseidcehraitrhewapsroptaokseedn
a troetlig. was held to
by the AlAyor. The galleries wE
of note in the town and
space, to which the entranceneiff.
it
respectably-dressed body of
was densely crowded with 4AirletpuerCils°;rn!';
m 'ul."'"hdatpheel -rsat ri railed-
off space, .
men, the great majority of whom aP. parently were ship-
caypenters, or others connected in an
operative
with ihe shipowners' interest. The , '
;g was ad-
dres,ed•at uonsiderablo length by
w.f. •
Aikin and other
/Extl capacity
m
agreed n)
At
cgoeundtlee=g and ercebnatru4ellyinretihoelutniaovngaWtieorne_iaaT;
opinion On
'Manchester, yeiterday, an entirely ()PP 'sits
these laws was expresser!. At a meeti.ng of the Cham-
ber
of Commerce, a petition to the Hou,aB of Commons
for their repeal was agreed to. •
The Bishop of Durham, who has been, paying to
the Ecclesiastical Commissioners during the ,wil°!,,,9f
,
his episcolcite 11.2001. a year, under the Act t`f I"u*
has communicated his intention of paying a Further vo-
luntary annual sum of 2,0001. for the remainder ,of his
incumbenc:, in the bishopric ; leaving the' mode of ILP-
1, plying the pc,,y to the discretion Pf the commissiO. 900-
. ~. .

IRELAN D.

THE STATE PROSECUTIONS.
THE QUEEN V. JOHN MITCHEL.

DUBLIN, MAY 27.--8,-fore their Lordship (Baron
Lefroy and Justice Moore) took their scats on the btlieb,
the Crown Counsel, the Attorney-General, Mr. White-
side, Q.C., Mr. Henn, Q.C., the Hon. Mr. Plunkett, and
Mr. Baldwin, entered court, and ranged themselves in the
place always occupied by them immediately beneath the
bench.

Mr. Holmes, Sir Colman Ologhlen, Mr. Pigot, Mr.
O'llagan, and Mr. Dillon, counsel for the prisoner, occu-
pied the seats opposite.
The other seats were occupied by members of the bar.
The body of the court and thegalleries were filled by the
public generally. There was no pressure, no excitement,
no commotion in the-court, and though the crowd Was
exePsstwe ()Lys de of the doors there was little or no cor.-
fusion, owing to the strong body' of police, foot and
mount d, that vi ere in attendance.

The pri‘oher having been arraigned and given in
charge as on the former day,
The ATTORNEY-GENERAL rose to state the case
against the prisoner on the part of the Crown. The
Learned Gentleman said—Gentlemen of the jury, in
this case Sir. Mitchel stands before you charged with
the commission of an offence of a very serious character;
it. is, gentlemen, no less an °fleece than that of felony.
It is a felony, however, not involving the loss of life of
the accused, but certainly, gentlemen, involving his li-
berty to a very considerable extent, because the punish-
ment assigned by the law for the offence of which he is
a isused is either imprisonment for a considerable period
or transportation, as the Court may consider fit. There-'
tore, gentlemen, I am quite Sure, when I inform 3ou of
the v. ry important consequence that may result to Mr.
Mitchel from your verdict in this case, that I need not
bespeak your most serious attention to the evidence
which we will offer to you, and to the obs. rvations which
shall be made, so tar as you shall consider them
pertinent to that evidence. It is, gentlemen, I
urn sure, almost unnecessary on my part to
beg of you, in the discharge of the solemn duty that is
imposed upon yeti, to discard from your-mind any feel-
ings or opinions that you may entertain—if possible you
have already entertained an opinion in this case—and to
form your opinion, as the law Tenders it necessary that
you should, from the evidence that shall be adduced
before you. The offence with which Mr. Mitchel stands
charged is one which, until a very recent period, if com-
mitted in Ettglaud, would be considered as treason.
From the earliest periods of our law the highest offence
of which a subject can be guilty is the crime of treason.
That was the case, gentlemen, partly in consequence
perhaps of the reverence that is always bestowed by the
law of ErgLnd on the person of the Sovereign, and
partly in consequence of the dreadful mischief and the
numerous persons involved in a crime of that descrip-
tion. irevious to the month of April, you are aware
of the state in which this country was placed, and
of the political associations which were formed through
the country ; and of the objects professed and
avowed, of those several associations. The object
that was avowed by some of those associations, up to
that period, was to procure a repeal of the legislative
union. That, gentlemen, was a legitimate obji ct. The
legislative union is the effect of an Act of Parliament ;
and there is no illegality, nor is there anything wrong
in any person (who supposes that a repeal of that Act
of Parliament would be beneficial to his country), en-
deavouring to obtain that repeal by legal and constitu-
tion:,) means. Accordingly, gentlemen, some of the
associatioos;which were formed in this country professed,
as I have no reason to doubt, that their object was to
obtain a repeal of the legislative union by legal and
constitutional means—as they said by the force of public
opinion—by bringing public opinion to bear upon the
question—by raising a party in the country favourable
to it—and by satisfying the Legislature that the true in-
terests of the country-required that such an alteration in
the constitution was necessary. Therefore, there
was nothing wrong, nor was there anything il-
legal in such proceedings. But a party se-
parated from that body, and the professed ob•
sect of that party, so far as we can judge from their
publications—smile of which will be lard before you—
was this, to obtain that repeal of the union, not by
legal or constitutional means, but by having recourse
to force and violettce. In this state of things it became
necessary to pass the Act of Parliament on which the
present prosecution is founded. Previous to the passing
of that Act Mr Mitchel was, and is still, the proprietor
of it newspaper entitled the United hislonan. From the
publication of the very first number of that paper the
articles published in it were of a tendency certainly cal-
culated to excite the attention of the Government and of
those having regard to the preervation of the public
peace and tranquillity of This country. Though it might,
perhaps, be strictly legal, I do not mean to offer in vi•
itenee to you any articles publish,il prior to the Act of
Parliament r,ceiving the lt,yal assent under which this
prosecution is-broug,,t. It is enough for me to say of
the articles previous to that period, that it appears from
the publication itself which is now the subject-matter for
your consid ration, that those publications had been
made prior to the publication of the articles-with which
the gentleman is now accused, and that they have
been made, and are still the subject-matter of pro-
secution arid pending against Lim in the Court of
Quern's Benbh; that is all I shall say in !elation to
teem. The Act of Parliament which I hold in me
hand received the Royal assent on the 22d of April, and
the charge which we bring forward against Mr. Mitch.
en the present occasion is this, that he did, since the
passing of it, cornouss, imagine, invent, devise, and in-
tend to deprive and depose the Queen of the style,
honour. end royal name of the Imperial Crown of the
United Kingdom; and that lie did also compass, imagine,
invent, devise, and intend to levy war against her Ma-
jesty, within the United Kingdom, in order, by force and
constraint, to compel her to change her measures and
councils; and that such his intention he did express alai
declare by publications in the newspaper of which heis the
editor, publisher, end proprietor. I mentioned, gentle -
men, to you, that prosecutions are pending against Mr.
Mitchel in the Court of Queen's Bench fur articles
published by him. It also appears, and will appear in
evidence before you, from the documents published by
Mr. Mitchel himself, that there was also pending, at the
same time prosecutions in thu Court of Queen's Bencl.
tgainst Mr. Smith O'Brien and Mt. Meagher, who are
also members of the Irish Confederation. Tnese prose-
Collette were instituted at the same time, and were ear-
tied on simultaneously ;,against those three gentlemen.
It appears, gentlemen, that in consequence of those prc-
secutions that were pending, it was considered advisable
by persons entertaining the same religious opinions in
the city of Limerick, to get up a meeting, or give se
entertainment to those three persons who were prose-
cuted ; and accordingly a meeting was held in Limerick.
described as a " soiree to the persecuted patriots." That
meeting was held on Saturday, the 30th April, and at
that meeting Mr. Mitchel, Mr. S. O'Brien, and Mr.
Dileagher attended as the guests, I believe, to whom the
entert inment was given. In the course of that evening
Mr. Mitchel delivered a speech, the publication of which,
in his own newspaper, on Saturday, the 7th of May, is
ore of the articles upon which we rely as a printing
published by him, within the words of the Act of Par-
liament, expressing and declaring a certain compassing,
imagination, invention, devise, and intention. And I
believe the only question that will be left to you by the
Court will be this—whether, in point of fact, those
articles, and that in the other paper to which I shall call
your attention just now, does not clearly express and
declare the intention of Mr. Mitchel—that intention
being the deposition of her Majesty the Queen from the
style, honour, and royal name of the Imperial Crown
of the United Kingdom, or the levying war against.
her 'Majesty, in order by force to cause her to change
her measures and councils. You will not, genrk -
men, on this trial have to determine on the credit
that is to be given to witnesses. Your opinion will
not be required on any tact on which there will
be contradictory evidence before. Your opinion
will be merely required on the m ening, and :intentien,
and construction of those articles, writttn and published
by Mr. Mitchel in this paper, of which he is the pro-
prietor. The lirstegentlemen' of these articles is the re-
port of a speech delivered by him at the meeting in Li-
merick, on this occasion to which I have referred. In
that speech Mr. Mitchel says—" Can I repudiate the
last speech of Mr. O'Brien in the British Parliament—
One of the noblest, clearest statements of Ireland's case
the very haughtiest, grandest defiance flung in the face
of Ireland's enemies that ever yet fell from the lips of
man ? Or can I condemn the alternative put by Mr.
Meagher, who says, when the last constitutional appeal
shall be made, arid shall fail—' Then up with the bar-
ricades, and invoke the God of battles I' " That, gen-
tlemen, Mr. Mitchel says, is the sentiments of Mr.
Meagher, and what is that sentiment? Why this—
that when the last constitutional appeal shall have been
made, then " up with the barricades, and invoke the
Goireif baffles." He says—
" Can I repudiate this—who hol.l that constitutional
appeals are long since closed against us, and that we
have even now no resource, except—when we have the
mear:s, and the pluck to do it—the barricades and the
God of battles:

May I ask, respectfully, my very able and respected
friend who is to follow me, as Coutssi.l for Mr. Mitchel,
—way I ask him to inform von, gentlemen, what con-
struction call be put on that paragraph, save the one I
take the liberty of suggesting; and it is that, when the
last constitutional appeal shall have been made, they
were to erect the barricades and invoke the God of
battles. Mr. Mitchel states his opinion to be, that the
time for all constitutional appeals has passed—and that
the only resource left was to erect barricades, and invoke
the God of battles. You, gentlemen, no iteubt recollect
that portion of ike history of the world that this allusion
to barricades was brought from: it is taken from the re-
volution which ha! been recently effected in France. He
say •
" No; all the seditions and treasons of these gentle-
men I adopt and accept, and I ask for more.—(Hear,
hear.) Whatever hiss been done or said 'by the most
disaffected person in . all Ireland, against the existence
of the party. which calls itself the Government—nothi4g
can go too tar for me. Whatever public treasons there
are in-thisland; Iharesteinadh for thud all.:—(Cheers.)".
The Learned Attorney-General coutUmed to rend many

more passages from the same . speech. He then con-
tinued—Now, may I ask, gentlemen, what meaning was
intended to be conveyed by this statement? For what
purpose were arms alluded to to be used? Is it pos-
sible that they were intended for any other purpose than
that which I have taken the liberty
of suggesting? But
if lam wrong—it they were to bo used for any other
purpose, I ask my Learned Friend who is to follow me
to state what purpose that is? Mr. Mitchel then goes
on and puts very clearly whit his intentions are. He
says—
" May I presume to address the women of Limerick?
It is the first time I have ever been in the presence of
the daughters of those heroines who held the breach
against liii,g
William; and they will understand me
when I say that no Irishwoman ought so much as to
speak to a man who has nut Provided himself with
arms."

Mey I ask for what purpose wereahose arms to be pro-
vided?: Does he not state in a previous part of his
address that those arms were to be used against the
Goiernment of the country, the public enemies of the
country? He goes on—
" No lady is too delicate for the culinary operation Of
casting bullets. No hand is too white to, make up car-
tridges. And I hope if it be needful to come to the last
resort, that the citizens of Linierick, male and female,
will not disgrace their paternal and maternal ancestors."
For what purpose, were the: ladies of Limerick to make
up cartridges and cast bullets, but to be used as• arms
against the enemies of the country—namely, the British
Governtnent? He adds—
" Before sitting down, now, I wish to contradict one
calumny. It has been said of me—Lord Clarendon has
had it posted up over Dublin—that I have been inciting
the people to plunder and massacre ; that -mv object is
to raise a hasty and immature insurrection ; 651.1 want
to plunder houses, to rub banks, to break into shops, and
stores. Need I refute this outrageous calumny ? Who
ever heard me stimulate my countrymen to civil war
against their own flesh and blood? My friends,-ereetrir
no enemies here save the British dovernment and their
abettors."
Who tho enemies are who were denounced all through
this speech it will be fur your consideration, gentlemen,
to determine. Mr. Mitchell concluded his address by
aying—
•• A war, of assassination - and - plupder . against our
countrymen would be a wound to our own vitals.—
(Hear and cheers.) I shall say no more of this; but
again heartily thanking.you for your kindness, I con-
clude by urging you once more to stand by and sustain
Smith O'Brien against his enemies, and yours—to sus-
tain him, nut for his sake, but for your own.
If yet you are not lost to common sense,
Assist your patriot in your own defence ;
The foolish cant, he went too far—despise,
And know that to be brave is to be wise.'"
I will not trespass on your attention, gentlemen, by
going over this speech, which I have read for you. I
shall only very shortly remind you that in an early part
of this document the prisoner said that he would prefer
a provisional government, constituted of the mob that
hooted him in the morning—that were hooting him at
that moment—rather than endure for another year the
British Government. I will merely call your attention
to that passage in his speech, in which he says that all
the treason that had been spoken should be approved
of, and that be had stomach for it all ; and that he
did not repudiate the statement of Mr. Meagher,
who said that when all constitutional efforts
had failed, they should 'erect the barricades, and
invoke the God of battles. He stated that Le•
did not attend at that ,meeting in the character
of a Republican, though he was a Republican in prin-
ciple. I ask you, therefore; gentlemen, when consi-
dering this publication in your jury. box, to ask your-
selves calmly and deliberately what other object or in-
tention he could have had in view than this, "to
deprive the Queen of her style arid royal name of the
imperial crown of the United Kindom, and to levy war
against her Majesty within the 'United Kingdom, in
order, by force and constraint, to compel her to change
her measures and counsels ?" Gentlemen, if a provi-
sional government were to be formed, what was to
become of her ? It a provisional government is to' be
formed, is it for the purpose of continuing her Majesty
as Queen of 'the United Kingdom. The two proposi-
tions are ut erly and altogether incompatible. If it
were not the intention to establish a republic, it must,
at all events, have been to levy war against the Go-
vernMent, in order, by armed force, to compel a charge
in the constitution. Gentlemen of the jury, I have
now stated to you the nature of the publication in
the first paper upon which we call for your ver-
aict. That publication was published on the 6th of
May last. It cannot be said that it was an unadvised pub-
lication—it cannot be urged that the Government took
Mr. Mitchel by surprise—that the Government had
tolerated the seditious publications of Mr. Mitchel too
long, and without notice and intimation to him bad
availed themselves of an Act of Parliament immediate!)
alter its passing, in order to proseeute-Mr. ?Michel.. At
that very moment, gentlemen, that Mr. Mitchel was
publishing this article, Mr. Mitchel wee aware that he
himself was prosecuted—that ,a prosecution was pending
against him fur articles of a similar character and ten-
dency in earlier numbers of the same piper. Ido not
mean, gentlemen of the jury—as I trust I never shall,
appeal to the passions of a jury in a criminal case ; I
snail, however, appeal if I can to your judgment and to
your reason. appeal to that judgment, and ask what
is the meaning of that- speech and its tendency ? I
I
appeal to that judgment, and I ask—was it right or
was it proper, pending an appeal to the laws of
the country for the publication of a similar charac-
ter— was It right that Mr. Mitchel should indulge iu
such a publication as I have just submitted to
you? If that article stood alone, I do not anticipate
any doubt could ba entertained with regard to the feel-
ings, opinions, and intuition; of Mr. Mitchel.
But, gentlemen, in order to remove all doubt, in order
should suppose, to leave' no alternative to any Govern-
ment, or to any officer balding the pc” Won I do, not to
appeal to the laws of the country, Mr. Mitchel, in the
very next succeeding number of his pap, r, published two
Mier articles, in which the invention of establishing an
Irish Republic, the time ut its being eet...blished, the
node of its establishment, is in express terms stated.
Phis, gentlemen, is not merely a publication in the
newspaper of air. btitChel—it is not merely an article,
perhaps %rived by another—it is a letter purporting to
pre written by himself, and addressed " to the Protestant
armors, labourers, and artisans of the North of Ireland."
fhe letter is a long one;
I shall read it for you, as I am
mxious that you should have the whole publication be-
yoy. It was published in the newspaper of the
arisoner on the 13th May, and I think, from some por-
tions of it, that Mr. 'Mitchel himself is front the North
af Ireland. (Tne At.orney-General then read the letter.)
Now, gentlemen, I come to that portion of this letter
which really and plainly expresses the obj: cts and inten-
tions of the prisoner throughout the entire of these pubb-
cations. I theught it necessary to read the preceding
part of this letter, lest it should be supposed, because
emitted it, that there was anything contained in it cal-
culated to lessen its effect, or give a different meaning
to the remainder which I am now about to read. In-
'teed, I think that the part I have already read, plainly
-hows that there is no advantage to be derived from
" our foreign connexion. " tueannig, " the lady or wife
of Prince Albert." The letter then proceeds us
follows:

" I tell you, frankly, that I, for one, an? not' loyal.'
I am not wedded to the Queen of England, 'nor un-
alterably- attached to the House of Brunswick. . Its fact,
I love my own barn better than I love that house. The
'line is long past when Jehovah anointed Kings. The
thing has long since grown a mo..strous imposture, and
has been already in some civiliseci, countries, detected us
such, and drummed out accordingly.. A modern king,
my friends, is no more like au ancient anointed Shep
herd of the people, than an Archbishop's apron is like
the Urim and Thunitnim. There is no divine right now
but in the sovereign people.
" And for the ' institutions of the country,' I loathe
and despise them ; we are sickening and dying of these
institutions fast ; they rare consuming us like a plague,
degrading us to paupers in mind. body, and estate—yes,
making our very souls beggarly and ;cowardly. They
are a failure and a frauJ, these institutions—from the
you, will
Court
you put
u
topmost 'crown. jewel to the meanest detective's note.
book, there is no soundness in them. God and man are
weary of them. Their last hour is at hand; and I thank
this
God that I live in the days when I shall witness the
utter downfal, and trample upon the grave of the most
portentous, the grandest, meanest, and cruellest tyranny
that ever deformed this world.
meaning,Wpohnatthat
g
to your jury-box ? lie says, "he that "h he is not loyal," e
is not wedded to the Queen of England, nor unalterably
attached to the House of Brunswick." Does that mean
that if he is able be will get rid of the
paragraph, e n tI e
alwehnt:n may
you I retireasfrom
Queen of England
and the House of Brunswick ? He also says, " that the
time is long since past since Jehovah anointed kings—the
thing has long since grown a monstrous imposture, and
has been already, in some civilised countries, detected as
such, and drummed out accordingly." Even gentlemen; if
this article stopped there, you could entertain no doubt—
bearing in mind the time the article Wes published,
namely, at a period when Europe had scarcely time to
reflect upon the revolution which had just then been ef-
fected in France—as to what the weaning and object of
the prisoner was. But, Gentlemen, the matter did not
rest there, for he then goes further. May I ask, Gentle-
men, am I drawing on inunfination when I ask you not
to put any forced construe ion on his language, but to
translate and receive it litendly as it is written? He
says—" Not tending to a local ltgislatute—not to a
return to our ancient constitution—not a golden link, or
a patchwork Parliament, or a College_.treen chapel of
ease to St. Stephen's ; 'but an Irisle republic, one and
indivisible." Was that language „consistent with the
sovereignty of the Queen? Was it consistent with her
Majesty remaining Queen of the United Kingdom to
establish an Irish r public one and indivisible? How
was this republic to be established? His avowed object
is an Irish republic. The mode by which it was to be
obtained was by himself and his countrymen meeting in
arms. He goes on to. say—
•" And how are 'we. to meet that day? In arms, my
countrymen; my arms. Thus, and not otherwise, have
ever nations of men sprung to liberty and power, Etc. &c."
Mr. Mitchel avows for his object an Irish republic, one
and indivisible'; he has avowed hii means For' procuring
1 that republiC, by " appearing in arum., He has also

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