The Sun.
London, England, 1870-01-20 00:00:00

LIVERPOOL COTTON MARKET.-(THIS DAY.)

Sales probably 12,000 bales. The market was
vitt.

;OURSE OF EXCHANGE.

Amsterdam
Do
Rotterdam — ... 12 ... 12 f
Antwerp — ... 25 37j ... 25 42}
Brussels
Liamburgn l3 10} ... 13 11

_ - -
GREAT N OitTHERN HOSPITAL, LALLDONTAN-ROAD,
N.—On Thursday, January 13, the patients of this hospi-
tal and children who are, and have been, recently under
treatment, were entertained with a "Christmas Tree,"
which was furnished with both useful and ornamental
articles. A magic lantern was exhibited by the Rev. T.
P. Dale, one of the house visitors. Several supporters o
the charity also attended. The tree was decorated with
great taste by the ladies who represented the nursery de-
partment of the hospital. Several members of the medi-
cal staff attended the entertainment, with which they
expressed themselves much pleased. On the day fol-
lowing a small tree, tastefully dresse 1, was carried int.o
each ward for those who were unable to leave thew
bode.

SPIRIT_OF TEE PUBLIC JOtratiAt9.

FOREIGN NOTES.
PARTIES IN THE' 'UNITED STATES.

The last scene of a dreadful trageay says the nem according to the Washington correspondent of the New
has been enacted at Paris. Troppman, the murderer York Times, Mr. Wells's report has given so much offence
paid with his life for his monstrous crimes, and this to some of the extreme Protectionists in Con-
marvellous story of wickedness is thus brought to an end gress that they are anxious to remove him from
In France, the execution as well as the trial of criminal' the Government. Mr. Wells is the Special Commissioner
is regulated on principles peculiar to the country. The da3 of the Revenue, and it will be remembered that his
of execution is always left in uncertainty until the las, report was strongly in favour of a free trade
moment, and is never, indeed, announced to the public a, commercial policy being adopted in the States. This
all. When sentence of death has been pronounced time i
is not the first time that Mr. Wells has combated
left for appeal, and then, if the appeal is rejected the cleatl
the arguments of the Protectionists, and shewn
warrant is despatched to the prison on the nigh)
the mischief wrought by the prohibitory tariffs, but he
preceding the execution. Even then the criminal is not
seems to have excited especial indignation on this occa-
apprised of the fact. He learns it only by the summons
lion. So strong indeed is the feeling that the
to the scaffold itself, and with such expedition are the
opponents of free trade wish to expel Mr. Wells from
proceedings then conducted that three-quarters of
the Republican party altogether. The correspondent of the
minute only are found to elapse between the appearance
New York: limes thinks that if Mr. Wells's opinions
of the victim on the steps of the guillotine and the fall of
are made the test of party, his supporters have no need
his head into the basket. Everything is done to bring
to fear the result. The most influential organs
suffering within the narrowest possible compass, though
of the Republicans at the great commercial
some horrible speculations have been ventured
centres have declared in favour of the Special Commie-
upon the the success of the system. Illost
sioner's doctrines. The press of the west of Illinois,
readers will be aware that the guillotine was in-
" Wisconsin, and Minnesota, as well as that of
vented in the days of the great French Revolution ex-
pressly with the object of depriving death of its pains. If Missouri and Indiana, are also on the same side. The
death—or the annihilation of all sense and feeling—does Democratic press throughout the country has, generally
actually follow the separation of the head from the body, speaking, endorsed the recommendations of the report.
"The best writers and thinkers," adds the correspondent,
then no death could be more instantaneous than that by
"as well as nearly all the young blood of the country, are
the guillotine. As we have said, nothing can exceed the
rapidity of the process, which is past and gone almost on the side of the Special Commissioner; and to provoke
before it can be witnessed. But is that single the active political opposition of this section of the party
flash of the knife really sufficient to extineuish would, no doubt, entirely change the complexion of the
all sensation? Is there no vitality of any kind next House of Representatives."
surviving for a minute, or any number of minutes, in the
hee l or the trunk? These are questions which have
beef.: argued and discussed by modern physiologists with
very different conclusions, and which it would be very
very hard to resolve. But it is at least plain that the sub-
sti Ilion of the infallible action of a machine for the lul-
u rtatn agency of the human arm was so much gain. What-
ever may be the incidents of decapitation, it is better, at
any rate, that it should be sure and speedy than doubtful
or difficult. In the operation of the guillotine there is no
room for the effect of nervousness or inexperience—no
need even for the infliction of a second blow.

THE SPEECH OF THE KING OF BAVARIA.

The Bavarian Chambers were opened by the King in
person. His Majesty said that the conflict of opinions had
attained an extraordinary height, but he was confident
the example of moderation shewn by the popular
representatives, would tend to restore calmness.
With respect to the national question, he said that many
minds had been troubled by the apprehension that the
independence and autonomy of Bavaria were threatened.
This apprehension was groundless. " All the treaties,"
said his Majesty, " that I have concluded with Prussia and
the North German Confederation are known to the
country. Faithful to the Treaty of Alliance to which
I have pledged my royal word, I shall endeavour, with
the aid of my powerful confederate, to accomplish all that
the honour of Germany, and of Bavaria in particular,
requires. If, on the one hand, I desire to establish a
national union of the German States, I shall only
give my support to such a German Constitution
as shall not compromise independence and autonomy in
Bavaria. In guaranteeing to the Crown and the country
the freedom of choice, I fulfil a duty not only towards
Bavaria, but towards Germany. It is only on the condi-
tion that the several members of the German family do
not abandon themselves that the possibility of a prosperous
development of the whole country can be secured."
In conclusion, the royal speech mentioned the new features
of the Budget. Additional taxation would be necessary
on account of increased expenses. The King promised
that a new electoral law, based on direct universal suf-
frage, should be presented to the Chamber, and that new
laws on criminal procedure, on the stamp duty, and on the
eorganisation of the National Guard were forthcoming.
The passages delivered with most emphasis were those
referring to the national policy, the new electoral law, and
the National Guard. The announcement of the electoral
law was very loudly applauded.

The Standard remarks that the intemperate zeal of the
anti-Ritualists has brought down upon them a series of
episcopal rebukes which, it is to be hoped, will teach them
to be a little more charitable and a little less intolerant
for the future. They have gone to the bishops with a
string of frivolous complaints, and have been sent about
their business with a sharp rebuff. The attempt to pro-
cure a kind of quasi-episcopal condemnation of the
Twelve Days' Mission was especially in bad taste. It is
satisfactory to find from the replies of the bishops
of London, Rochester, and Winchester, the three
prelates within whose dioceses the mission was
carried on, that these ungenerous critics have taken
absolutely nothing by their motion. The carping spirit
which lies at the bottom of such unworthy cavillings has
been strikingly illustrated in two more recent instances in
the dioceses of Winchester and Lichfield. Still, we are
far from denying that there is a laudable motive at the
bottom of some minute objections. The dislike to change
is itself a healthy instinct, and the repugnance to anything
like a Romeward tendency on the part of the clergy,
whether in their ministrations in the pulpit, or in the
details of their services, is an impulse which we should be
the last to condemn. But we must not start with the
assumption that the normal type of English services is
absolutely faultless and incapable of improvement, or that
it is a faithful representation of the kind of worship
which the Prayer-bool: contemplates and 'enjoins, or that
every attempt to raise it to the standard of the rubrics is
necessarily an attempt to Romanise our worship. The
reason and the nature of the changes that are proposed
should be fully stated before hand, and the wishes of the
congregation should be amply consulted. The result of
the contrary mode of procedure is not unfrequently wit-
nessed in the establisbment of " full choral service " for
the benefit of the pew openers and half-a-dozen old women
while the " aggrieved " go to swell the congregation of
Bethesda Chapel round the corner. We have seen too
much of this kind of impracticability and obstinacy on the
part of the reforming clergy, and the instances we have
quoted above show that there are faults on both sides, and
that if ministers can be autocratic and imprudent, congre-
gations can be excessively unreasonable.

The Daily News thinks that the two volumes which
Lord Russell has just published are a timely reminder of
the trials and exertions of the men who sowed the seed of
which the present generation is reaping the harvest. Lord
Russell's Parliamentary career has extended over a period
nearly equalling the natural life of the illustrious states-
man who now presides over her Majesty's Government and
of the moat distinguished of his colleagues, and
it has been fruitful of benefits to his country.
In the modest concluding passage of the introduc-
tion to his speeches and despatches which forms
the most interesting portion of the two volumes.
the noble lord writes as follows :—" Like my betters, I
have been misrepresented and slandered by those who
know nothing of me : but I have been more than compere
iated by the confidence and the friendship of the best men
sf my own political connection, and by the regard and
favourable interpretation of my motives which have been
expressed by my generous opponents, from the days of
t,ord Castlereagh to those of Mr. Disraeli." The tribute
which Lord Russell pays to the motives of others may be
returned to himself." Who the great statesmen of the
past may be with whom he disclaims equality, we need not
inquire; nor whom the statesmen of the present to whom
he, by implication, denies any superiority. In either cats-
eery there is no one who, aided by birth and rank, party
connection, and social opportunity, has rendered greater
services to his country than Lord Russell. If ho has had
ampler adventitious advantages than some, he has known
now to turn those advantages to account. The present is
sot the time to review his career. It may be hoped that
he moment for doing so is yet distant. \Vhen it comes,
the volumes which he has just published will afford
materials for a calm and deliberate judgment. If we have
anything to regret in the introduction which, as we have
said, forms the most interesting portion, it is that so large
a part of it is devoted to a historic narrative of notorious
events, and to the discussion of contemporary political
tuestions. The anecdotes and fragments of personal
biography which are scatterec) too rarely up and down
form its chief attraction,
The Pall Mall Gazette states that under the new regula-
tions relating to foreign animals arriving at ports in
Great Britain, each kind of foreign animal landed at a
landing-place for slaughter (except sheep and swine landed
within a defined part of the port of London) are to be
marked as follows, viz. :—Cattle : By clipping the hair oil
the end of the tail, and by clipping a broad arrow,
about five inches long, on the left quarter. Sheep
and goats : By clipping a broad arrow, about four
Inches long, on the forehead. Swine: By printing a
broad arrow, about three inches long, on the left side,
with a compound of the following ingredients :-
Resin, 5 parts ; oil of turpentine, 2 parts ; and red ochre
I part, to be melted and used warm. These regulations
ire doubtless necessary, but will they not cause a feeling
of profound jealousy to arise between native animals
unadorned after this fashion and imported beasts ? Again,
we know how eagerly in this country the example of our
continental neighbours in these matters i.' followed with
an almost servile obedience' and is there not too
much reason to fear that the younger members
of our flocks may think it right to appear
with similar distinctions? At the same time we can-
not withhold our admiration of the good taste
combined with simplicity which marks these new
fashions. The compound of resin, oil of turpentine, and
red ochre seem a most admirable mixture, and there will.
we conceive, be no objection raised by the authorities to
the grace which it is calculated to confer being shared by
those members of society who, in the absence of recipes,
have had no alternative but to repair to such establish-
ments as that of poor Madame Rachel, where they be-
daubed themselves with mysterious compositions, doubtless
valuable in their way, but not to be compared for a
moment with that which is intended to make our beasts
beautiful for ever.