The Sun.
London, England, 1848-08-05 00:00:00

, Wiring .:--4011•11;

THE SUN,

rebel generals, o r having taken a part in the late out- I
break. Proclamations have also been issued an-
nouncing that every person affording protection to,
or harbouring parties accused of high treason, are
themselves guilty of the same crime, and render
themselves liable to capital punishment. Even this
intimidation has, however, proved inefficacious, and
no trustworthy statements hare 13Pen elicited from
any of the parties interrogated, although warned of
the consequences they might themselves incur by
persisting in a contumacious refusal to declare the
whole truth.

In Cork several of the leading members of the
Irish Confederation have been arrested. Amongst
others, DENNY LANE and M. J. BAsar, barristers-
at-law; Messrs. ISAAC and Ralph VARIAN, and Mr.
MuELEN, one of the town-councillors. Messrs.
S. J. MEANT, one of the editors of the Tribune,
and JOSEPH BRENNAN, one of the principal writers
in the Irish Felon, who was notorious for his open
and advised speaking and writing, have just been
apprehended at Gort, in the county of Galway.
They had absconded from Dublin immediately on the
passing of the Suspension of the Habeas Corpus Act,
and their names were published in the Hue and Cry,
as having been concerned iu treasonable practices.
Several "suspected" persons have also been taken
up in various parts of the country. No resistance has
in any instance been offered to the execution of the legal
process, or attempt made to rescue the prisoners. In
fact, with the exception of those who were so deeply,
implicated as to be rendered desperate, and to be-
lieve that their condition could not be dete-
riorated by any further acts, however atrocious,
the parties sought for have quietly surrendered them-
selves into the hands of those entrusted with warrants
for their apprehension. Another proof is hereby
afforded, if any such were required, of the total
suppression of the rebellion, and that no intention
whatsoever exists to attempt its revival.
In the discussion which ensued on Lord
BROUGHAM'S motion on Thursday, fer copies of the
proclamations that had been recently issued by the
Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland, the Marquis of LANS-
DOWNE admitted that " the insurrection (if it might
be called an insurrection) was practically at an
end." There is, therefore, no longer any reason
why remedial measures should not be introduced as
speedily as possible, although there might be
no possibility of carrying them through during
the present session. The mere statement of
the Ministerial intentions would be productive
of the most beneficial results, and would exer-
cise a sedative influence over the country. Of
course, the strictest precautions must be taken
against any future efforts of the disaffected portion of
the community, and every necessary power must be
conceded to the Irish. Government. The real object
of the parties who hare so long disturbed the coun-
try has now been clearly and distinctly manifested,
and the same delicacy should not be extended to
avowed traitors that should be evinced towards per-
sons seeking to obtain political changes, by legal and
constitutional means only. The privilege of retaining
arms has in too many instances been grossly abused
It should not be again conceded, in the districts
where disaffection so widely prevailed, until the
people have given unequivocal evidence of amendment
and of the existence of a better feeling. The
right of association was perverted. The several
clubs that had been formed throughout the country
were made the foci of sedition, in which the most
atrocious designs were concocted, and the plans of the
traitors fully matured. These clubs, for the present,
have been dissolved, but they may be re-organized,
and it is essential that measures should be taken to
prevent the possibility. We long since pointed out
that a clause could easily be added to the Bill for the
suppression of Secret Societies in Ireland. That salu-
tary law will expire during the present year, and
must be renewed; and we rejoice to find that some
addition is contemplated thereto which will render
it more applicable to the state of Ireland. This
would be attained by requiring that every as-
sociation exceeding a certain number of per-
sons should obtain the sanction of the Go-
vernment, preliminary to their meetings, founded
on the recommendation of certain magistrates,
who vouched for the correctness of their objects. The
liberty of the press had also degenerated into licen-
tiousness. The provisions of the Crown and Govern-
ment Security Bill, if judiciously acted on, will pre-
vent the possibility of the re-establishment of these
organs of treasons, or of any of a similar character,
and no further legislation is required on this point.

The Noble President of the Council also announced
that Parliament would only be prorogued for a short
period. Wby might not short adjournments be
made, in place of any prorogation, and the
necessity of dropping the really important
measures which have proceeded so far through
the House would thereby be obviated. The Irish
Landlord and Tenant Bill might thus be passed,
a measure which, coupled with the Incumbered
Estates Bill, would effect the most important ame-
liorations with respect to the tenure of land. The
promised extension of the franchise, which was intro-
duced by the Secretary for Ireland, might also be
carried. A measure of colonization might also be
introduced. Lord BROUGHAM forcibly pointed out
the vast advantages thereof in his able speech on
Thursday—that destitution at home might be
exchanged for competence in a colony. It is
distinctly shown that an extensive emigration
to Australia would be alike beneficial to all
parties concerned, viz., the present inhabitants of the
colony, who would thereby have their great want, a
sufficiency of labour, supplied ; the emigrants, who
would have ample employment, and an abundance of
all the necessaries of life at a reasonable rate; and the
mother, country, which would be relieved of the
burden of maintaining so many paupers. The
anxiety that prevails, even in this country, to take
advantage ofa he benefits attainable by colonization,
may be judged from the fact of the eager manner in
which the .Emigration Circular has recently been
sought for. We are informed, on unquestion-
able authority, that within two days after
it became known that there was a document contain-
ing such information the: places in . which it could
be obtained were literally beseiged by applicants, and
4,400 copies were distributed, viz., 2,000 by the
Emigration-office, 9, Parkestreet, Westminster, 1,700
copies from Mr. C. KNIGHT, 22, Ludgate-street, and
700 from Messrs. SMITH and ELDER, Cornhill. This
anxiety should be taken advantage of, and every
facility afforded to the parties desirous of bettering
their condition in another land.

LONDON, SATURDAY, AUGUST 5, 1843.

LATEST FROM IRELAND.

[BY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.]
"DUBLIN', FRIDAY EVENING:

"Twenty of the rebels implicated in the affray near
Ballingarry were arrested yesterday (Thursday) by
the police. They arrived here this forenoon, and are
lodged for the present in the Royal Barracks.
" Lord Hardinge leaves this to-morrow for Ballin-
garry.

" Four arrests were made in •Dublin late last
night. Three of the persons are law clerks, the
fourth a printer.
gi S. Meany and Joseph Brennan, writers in the
Felon, were arrested in Loughrea yesterday.
" The midday mail from the south reports all
quiet, and, as usual, no news of the rebel leaders."
Our reporter, writing from Ballingarry on Thurs.
day night, says :
" General M'Donald and the troops have just moved
off in the direction of Thurles. I have reason to be
lieve that they are employed on some business of im-
portance.
" About 50 arrests have been made here.

" A large assortment 9f wearing apparel, belonging
to Smith O'Brien, was found last night at the widow
Lakin's cabin on the cObamon."

Accounts arrived by express from Bristol this
morning inform us, that when the Juverna (arrived
at Bristol this morning) left Cork everything was

quiet.
The following are extracts from the Electric Tele-
graph Company's express, dated Dublin, Friday,

SiX P.M. :-
" Messrs. Smith O'Brien, Duheny, and Me agher
are supposed to be on the Kepper Mountains, and a
large body of police were dispatched this morning to
that district.
" The three rebel leaders are reported to have
been together yesterday in uniform, well armed, and
calling upon the country people for support."
(From the Dublin Pilot, August 4.)
On inquiry at the terminus of the Cashel Rail-
way at the moment the three o'clock mail train
arrived, we learned that a large constabulary force
bad proceeded from different points at twelve
o'clock last night, and others at early hours
this morning, so as to form a cordon, in
the dhection of the Kepper Mountains, the
main
access to which is by a deep and sullen
gorge, the summits on each side being surmounted
with huge stones. 1,100 of the constabulary are
said to be engaged in this movement : none of the
troops take part in it.

Ths recent intelligence from Ireland is of the same
character as that which we have communicated to our
readers for the last two or three days. There is an
and
external appearance of tranquillity,even at the
scene of the late insurrectionary movement
of the
no indi-
cations are perceptible, with the exceptionanye presence of a military force, that could
per-
son to suppose that a large body of armed m
within a few days waged war upon her MAJESTYn' and
had
attacked the constabulary engaged in her service.
No certain account has been received of the rebel
leaders, and it is more than probable that they are
still lurking about the country, and obtaining shelter
and protection from the peasantry, who, as we yes.
terday pointed out, are prepared to undergo any risk
rather than to deny the assistance that may be asked
for by the fugitives. Many arrests have taken
place of persons charged with having harboured the

From the perilous situation of the Piedmontese,
coupled with the refusal of France to adventure upon
an armed interference, it becomes important to reflect
upon the chances and the probabilities which still
remain for the revival of the nationality of the
Italians. Yesterday we explained that the advance
of General OUDINOT at the head of the army of the
Alps would be altogether unjustifiable until the for-
tunes of the King of SARDINIA appeared to be alto-
gether desperate, and we asserted, moreover, that,
notwithstanding the hurried retirement of that SO-
VEREIGN and his soldiers behind the Oglio, the libe-
ration of Northern Italy from the yoke of Austria
was still by no means impracticable. The proclamation
addressed by CAnLO ALBERTO on the 25th ultimo to
his troops, and dated from the royal head-quarters at
Bozzolo, has reached our hands since those observa-
tions were written; and every sentence in that pro-
clamation, as well as every subsequent movement of
the Piedmontese army, only tends to corroborate the
accuracy of our deductions. Whatever glory has
been reaped during the campaign in Lombardy has
been reaped, as yet, by the swords of the Piedmon-
tese. Latterly, it is true, they hare been compelled
to retreat with precipitation, but their precipita-
tion is in no respect ignominious, inasmuch as
they are being beaten back by an over-
whelming superiority of numbers. They retire, '
but they retire with two thousand prisoners. They
hurry back from the line of the Mincio, but they
stand at bay on the banks of the Oglio. They yield
the historic pass of Goito, but they dispute the pos-
session of Piadina. Fortunately for France her
Foreign Minister has refused to yield to the entreaties
of the Extraordinary Envoy from the Milanese, and
in so doing M. BASTIDE has demonstrated in a bril-
liant manner his faithfulness to the pacific policy of
his
great predecessor, M. LAMARTINE. Nor must it
be imagined from this refusal that the French Republic
is indifferent to the fate of the Roman penin-
sula. Neither must it be
supposed for aninstantthat there is the slightest vestige of pusillanimity in

LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, AUGUST 5, 1810.

of time, Paris found itself transformed into a field
of battle, where French blood was shed during
three days. You know too well the terrifc struggle of
these three days—we shall spare you a recital of them.
The principal object of the manitestation of the 15th of
May was to dissolve the Assembly, and to establish in
its place a sort of Committee of Public Safety. In a
word, this crisis had taken more a po.itical than a
socialist character. The insurrection of the 23d of
June has another character—it originated in the na-
tional workshops, which workshops had been formed in
the conferences held at the Luxembourg. We endea-
voured by all our means to ascertain if money had been
distributed amongst the workmen—our endeavours hare
all been fruitless—and, if some isolated facts have been
proved, they do not appear to us of sufficient importance.
However, we have found it impossible to °conceal from
ourselves the fact that between the occurrences of the
13th May and the month of June, there is a striking
analogy. Thei Assembly has ordered an inquiry into
these two two facts, of which the following is the re-
sult :

GENERAL CAUSES.—The Commission of Inquiry
would have desired not to have carried its investigations
into facts which would demand the most severe repres-
sion. It would have desired to have been bound by
the vote of the Assembly, with reference to the acts
of the Provisional Government ; but the facts are so
intermingled, that the Commission finds itself under the
necessity to go far back to enable them to arrive at the
causes of discontent. The acts of the Provisional Go-
vernment have sometimes been of a nature to throw
disquietude into different minds ; and, in fact, we hare
too often found, in our investigation, the fatal efkcts of
documents issued in the provinces by Government agents,
who have since been replaced. We .have also seen agents
from the most influential clubs sent into the provinces
with money taken from the funds of the Minister of
the Interior. We have also to signalise the different
bulletins addressed to the people at the moment of the
elections, which caused such alarm in France, and which
occasioned such a heavy responsibility on the Ministry.
These bulletins have been disavowed by the Ministry
itself ' • but there exists a very remarkable circumstance,
which has been unmasked by, the inquiry—which
is, that these bulletins had been written by a woman
—(Murmurs)—of very eminent literary talent, it is
true—who sent these bulletins', all reduced to methodical
order, to the Minister of the Interior.—(Fresh murmurs.)
There exists also towards the same Minister a profound
difference of opinion with respect to the exterior ques-
tion; and this difference hail given birth to measures con-
tradictory in themselves. Besides these dissensions,
there exists another germ of difference at the Luxem-
bourg, and which has taken its origin in the principles
which have been proalainied. These principles have
been opposed and censured by M. Arago himself, who
expressly declares that, if any favour is shown to them,
the greatest possible evils will be the consequence.
M. L. Blanc--I demand liberty to speak.—(Mur-
murs.)

M. Bouchart—The Commission established to carry
on its investigation upon the re• unions of the Luxem-
bourg has satisfied itself that all the discourses pro-
nounced at the Luxembourg by M. Louis Blanc have
not been published. It has summoned before it the
principal short-hand writer who was attached to the
Luxembourg, and having put him to his oath, it exacted
from him that he should produce the notes which he had
in his possession containing those fragments of the
speeches of M. Louis Blanc which had not been
made public. Here are some fragments of these
discourses :—" My friends, it is you who are the As-
sembly of the deputies of the people ; be it that the Na
tional Assembly shall be able to establish itself or not,
I entertain a perfect confidence that this one shall never
perish. Being but a child, I have said to myself,
This social order is at an end.' I have sworn before
my God and my conscience, that if I shall ever be called
on to legislate for this iniquitous state of things, I will
never forget that I am only an unfortunate offspring of
the people, and I have taken the oath of Hannibal.—
(t; reat excitement.) When I say that proletarianism is
a state of vassalage, I utter a word in which I embrace a
vast compass of meaning, universal suffrage: is not that
an expression of the great will of the people ? Yes, in
a state of society in which the whole world shall be
equal, where there shall exist a free development of the
faculties, moral and material, but in society as it is at
present constituted—no, no ! A thousand times! answer
no !" "My friends, understand this well, and take it
a!ong with you : you are the only power—you are all
kings ; for in a republic all men are equal and are
kings. In a republic there are no longer the odious dis-
tinction of rich and poor—the deadly system on which
is based the present infamous state of things." The
commission cannot conceal from itself what a poisonous
influence such speeches, and publications similar, must
have had over the minds of the great body of the work-
men, and it has thought it its duty to make a strict ex-
amination into the facts which have given rise to this
state of things. On the 27th of February the Provisional
Government had passed a decree for the establishment
of national workshops, and they are well aware of what
vast disorder these workshops have been at once the
subject and the cause. These national workshops have
been, even among the very members of the Provisional
Government itself, the subject of the warmest discus-
sions. The Provisional Government had decreed the
disbanding of the companies of grenadiers and the volti-
geurs of the National Guard. This disbanding of those
troops was the cause of a movement which took place
even in the hall of sitting Of the Provisional Government;
and we have had every reason to be assured that the
hand of M. Caussidiere, and that of M. Louis Blanc
himself were no strangers to this movement.—(Sensa-
tion.) Among the clubs, subjects and questions of the
most anarchical nature were addressed to the several
candidates. They have demanded whether, in case the
Assembly was not prepared to march forward in the
path of reform, agreeably to their ideas, they were nct
ready to march, as it were, against it. In a meeting, got
together by the care of the Protect of Police, this same
person declared that the Government Commissioners
were much too lukewarm, and that the Assembly did
not proceed fast enough.
M. Caussidi&e here uttered from his place some words
which we could not catch. A number of voices were
heard shouting, " Order, order."
M. lo President—l request M. Caussidibre to be silent;
he will presently have an opportunity of discussing the
report.
M. Bsuchart--They added that if the Assembly did
not move faster, it would be a very easy thing to demo-
lish the Assembly altogether; that they had 120,000
men ready to march at a moment's notice; and that
be no necessity for their being
as for all purposes chemical pre-
parationsballss' would be quite sufficient.—(Ex-
citement.) os moreoverses
se possessed
ato there edfir
fire-arms,
e r
-ea
rm would
Besides this, we have, moreover, a letter of
the Bth of May, written by a certain M. Grand Minel to
his son, a manufacturer of pyrotechnics at Angers—" I
recommend you instantly to set about making a consi-
derable articles.
(t
Aboveeran bs
al e t
osnh
li numberereof shells, and such
thingsthat
preserve the greatest secrecy.—
it is utterly impossible to
describe.) A deposition of a politieal personage has
appeared to us extremely curious. One evening in April,
there was a meeting at the house of M. Ledru Rollin,
for the purpose of forming a Committee of Public Safety.
Several were proposed to us: Raspail, Blanqui, Kersansie,
Ledru Rollin, and Flocon; Blanqui refused, saying that
Ledru Rollin was not an honest man, and Ledru Rollin
also refused to associate with Blanqui; Flotte was sent
during the night to Ledru Rollin, and said to him, "You
will not be one of us? Well, on Sunday we shall make
you jump through your window ! we are sure of our
business. "lbe 16th of April came. With what object
and in what manner did that day pass we will now
examine. The choice of a staff for the National Guard
was but a pretext. According to some of the Members
of the Provisional Government the Prefect of Police
was the avowed chief of the plot. Another chief of
police says that to him may be added Barbes, Blanqui,
and Ledru-Rollin; the object was to name Ledru-Rollin
Dictator. We have found it to be the opinion of a high
functionary that such was the intention, but we bare
been unable to find a positive confirmation of it.
Let us now hear what M. Lamartine said in his deposi-
tions. He said—" M. Ledru-Rollin came to me one
morning with much animation. in his manner; he told
me that we were about to be attacked by 400,000 men,
at the head of whom were 20,000 armed clubbists. He
did not conceal from me the fact that they wished to ex-
clude me and some of my colleagues from the Hotel de
Ville. told him, that he was Minister of the Interior,
and that as such, lie had a right to cause the rappel to be
beaten. If the .Nntional Guard, I added, answers to the
call, we are safe. Ledru Rollin went out. I then went
to the house of Davivier, and then to the Hotel de Ville;
and as the 12th Legion appeared on the bridge, crying
out, " Vive la Republique !' I saluted the triumph of
moderate republicanism. That triumph was the result
of that day, and all the honour of it belongs to the Na-
tional Guard." The depositions of Gen. Changarnier
throw a new light on this event. "On arriving at the
Hotel de Ville," be said, "there were neither arms nor
cartridges. M. Lamartine came in, looking anxious, and
complaining of the divisions which existed in the Provi-
sional Government, and accusing Louis Blanc and Ledru
Rollin. As no measures were then being taken,
arranged with M. Marrast, whose attitude had been
excellent—(Satisfaction)—and as I thought that the
rappel ought to be beaten, I addressed that gentleman,
who wrote an order to that effect. The cause of anarchy,
. though conquered, was not discouraged. Numerous
proofs exist of the spirit of disorder and anarchy having
resisted the first checks—these proofs consisting in an-
archical speeches, sent in parcels, free, to the depart-
ments ; the fury of the clubs ; bills posted up calling
on the people to plunder, and emanating from the Mi-
nister of the Interior, and published by the men of that
Ministry ; nocturnal meetings in the closets of the same
Ministry; and projects for causing those elections to be
annulled which had a character of hostility to the
Government. May 15 was devoted to these prepara-
tions. The Club of Clubs, under M. Sobrier, and that
of the Rights of Man, first fix our attention. They were
armed; the members of the Government were in corres-
pondence with them; their arms eame out of the ateliers
of the state. The elections were announced, and the
clubs had the idea of centralising' themselves to domi•
nate the eh (Alone. The Club of Clubs held its
sittings in the house N. 16, Rue de Rivoli ; there 400
muskets and 30,000 cartridges were seen to be brought.
General Courtais in vain threatened to dissolve this club.
By an inexplicable weakness, it was allowed to exist.
This club organized men on whom they could rely, and
sent them into the provinces, paying them at the rate of
10f. per day from funds taken from the treasury. It
is painful to observe how, in some of the documents
found at the house of Sobrier, some of the Honourable
Members of this Assembly have been attacked. With
regard to the society of the Rights of Man, the reports
of the police have made us acquainted with the fact,
that it was composed of 14,000 men in Paris, and
20,000 in the provinces. Its place of meeting was in the
vicinity of the Palace Royal. There they cast bullets
and made preparations for a civil war. The members
of the Government corresponded with the Society of
the Rights of Man, as with the club of Sobrier, and
sought to find partisans therein. This club had

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