The Sun.
London, England, 1846-08-05 00:00:00

tional expenditure, if any, would be very
trifling. But, even were it otherwise, there
are few Englishmen who would permit a
pecuniary consideration to obstruct the attainment of
so great a blessing to our military brethren, and
which is but the performance of an act of common
justice towards them. Schools should be estab-
lished in every regiment, by which the blessings of
education would be placed within the reach of every
recruit, the majority of whom are attested at ages
when they might well be at school. Every soldier
should be taught at least to read and write, with a
knowledge of figures or accounts ; he should be in-
structed in some trade or handicraft, by which, in
the event of his discharge, he may be enabled to
maintain himself, and which would enable him use-
fully to employ his leisure hours, and to earn a
small sum, a portion of which he might be permitted
to expend in the obtaining of additional comforts,
the residue to be invested in some sort of savings'
bank, to form a fund to start him in business on
his leaving the army. All this might easily be
done without abridging the time devoted to the
active duties of his profession, and a re-
source would be afforded to him which, in a
great many instances, would keep him from the can-
teen, the fertile cause of insubordination and outrage,
ending in grave and formidable punishment, to which
he is by the present system driven from the want of
an occupation for his leisure hours, and the
want of comfort in his barrack-room. Libra-
ries should be provided in every regiment,
to which the soldier should have access, and
from which he would be permitted to take
books under certain regulations. The petty vexa-
tions and annoyances which irritate and provoke the
men, without any corresponding advantage to the
service, should be, as far as practicable, removed, and
the first care, the principal duty of the commanding
officer, should be to promote, as far as in him lies, the
happiness and comforts of the soldiery. Let this be
done, and the abominable and degrading practice of
corporal punishment be abolished, and there will be
no difficulty in procuring the number of men re-
quired ; nay, many that offer themselves will neces-
sarily be rejected—a good character will be required
before the new recruit will be accepted. The same
anxiety to get into the army will exist that exists now
shown to procure a situation in the police, and a better
class of soldiers will be obtained, which on all hands
is admitted to be so desirable. Besides, in
the event of a war unhappily being forced upon us at
any future period, we shall have a body of men trained
to arms, and acquainted with military discipline, ready
to offer themselves for the protection of their country.
These are considerations not to be overlooked, and
well worthy the consideration of the Legislature.
The attention of the Government, we are happy to
find, is turned to the subject, and we think that
Captain LATARD acted wisely, at this late period of
the session, in leaving it in their hands for the present.

The Levant mail has arrived, bringing intelligence
from Constantinople and Athens of the 20th, and
from Malta of the 24th ult. On the 19th, MEHEMET
ALI arrived in Constantinople, and was received in
the most distinguished manner by the SULTAN, who
stood up on his approach, and then conducted him to a
chair close to the throne. A modification has taken
place in the Turkish Ministry, by the appointment
of Rtza. PACHA to the office of Minister of Commerce.
At Pera a fire had broken out and destroyed 100
houses. The British merchants of Constantinople
have presented an address to Sir STRATFORD CAN-
NING upon the occasion of his departure, expressive
of the gratitude they feel to him for the uniform
attention which he has paid to their interests.
The Chamber of Deputies of Greece were engaged
in a discussiou on the budget, and the COLETTI
Mi-
nistry had suffered two defeats in Committee. The
most frightful brigandage prevailed throughout the
country. _ _ _

The Prince DE JoINvILLE and his squadron were
in the Malta roads on the 20th. The Malta Times
of the 21st publishes the following, which is highly
complimentary to the Prince and his officers :

" iVe have been requested by Captain Burke, of the mer-
chant vessel Dewdrop, to return his sincere thanks to his
R(yal Highness the Prince de Joinville, and to Captain E.
Penaud, of the Pluton steamer, for the following act of cour-
tesy, during a time of need. It appears the brig Dewdrop,
laden with sulphur, left Catania, in Sicily, four days ago, but
meeting with a heavy sea, rolled away her topmasts, and
sprung a leak. The Prince making out in the distance the
distressed vessel, immediately ordered the steamer Pluton
to her assistance, and yesterday towed her into the Grand
Harbour, where she arrived with five feet water in the hold,
and the crew much exhausted from the fatigue of pumping.
The Pluton having left harbour last night before Captain
Burke could acknowledge his gratitude, he begs, through the
medium of our columns, to do so 4 hoping it will meet the eye
of these to whom he feels so much indebted."

We are sorry to find that a collision has taken
place in the Roman Legations between the Swiss
troops and the people. It is to be hoped that the
POPE will follow out his original intention, which was
overruled by LAMBRUSCIIINI and the serviles in the
Council of State, and will dismiss the Swiss troops
from his service. A letter from Ancona of the 23d
ult. says—

" In all the towns of the legations, and particularly in this
place, at Bologna, Forli, and Cezene, the inhabitants, as soon
as they were informed of the amnesty, were anxious to tes-
tify to the new Pope their gratitude and their affection, by
illuminations and public rejoicings. It is to be regretted
that at Cezene and at Imola these degionstrations were ac-
companied by events which disturbed Mt general joy. There
are at Cezene two parties, between whom a deep ieeling of
animosity has long existed, one composed of the retrogrades,
called Papelins, and the other of the advocates for progress,
or liberals. The Papelins under the reign of Gregory XVI.,
supported by the Government, evinced their power on several
occasions over the liberal party. The latter, since the acces-
sion of Pius IX., wishing to make a striking manifestation of
the triumph of their opinions, menaces and provocations
were frequent on both sides. At length a time and place was
fixed on to settle their quarrel by arms. The Swiss troops
in garrison at Cezene wished to prevent this collision, and
used some efforts to disperse the liberal party ; but they were
met by a discharge of firearms, and in the struggle which
ensued four men were killed and a great number, principally
inhabitants of the town, seriously wounded. Some days
after the colonel of the Swiss regiment in garrison at Imola
was fired at, and severely wounded. This act is considered
as one of revenge on the part of the liberals, who still retain
their former hatred against the Swiss troops in the Papal
states. In fact, public opinion throughout all the legations
appears to demand, as an act of the most argent reform, the
cessation of the treaties which exist between the holy See
and the Swiss Cantons for the supply of troops to the Papal
Government."

Letters from Rome, of the 28th ult., state that at
a consistory, held on the 27th, Cardinal Giza had
been formally appointed Secretary of State.

We learn from the Post Ampt Gazette of Frankfort,
that the King of DENMARK has returned the address
transmitted to him by the States of Holstein, on the
subject of his MAJESTY'S proclamation for regulating
the succession. His MAJESTY, in returning the do-
cument, notified to the States that it was not compe-
tent for them to present to him any address on the
subject of the succession to the Duchies, or of their
political situation. It is supposed that the States will
appeal to the German Confederation.
We find in the Augsburgh Gazette a letter from
Alexandria, dated July 16, which states that the
object of MEHEMET ALI in visiting Constantinople
is to endeavour to induce the SULTAN to change the
succession to the Viceroyalty of Egypt, by substi-
tuting ABBAS PACHA, his second son as his successor
for IBRAHIM, on whom the succession is at present
settled. We find in the same journal the following
on the affairs of the Caucasus :
" Schamil alone has been able to collect together 4,000
cavalry. The forces of his predecessors have never exceeded
8,000 in all, and the war had never been carried on with any
regularity. Schamil is now at the head of 20,000, and his
appearance with such a force has spread consternation
throughout the country. The inhabitants of the capital of
trans-Caucasia dread a visit from Schamil, but up to this
time he has not attempted any expedition of importance.
The Kabardes have not dared to declare themselves for
Ss.hamil, although his arrival amongst them has caused
great alarm. Prince Woronzow appears to attach great im-
portance to his line of forts, but it is considered by many
that they will be of no utility. Since the last excursion of
the Tchetchenzes, a great number of places in the Caucasus
have declared in favour of Schamil, but all the tribes pro-
tected by General Sabadowski have remained faithful to the
Russians. Schamil's plan will be to retire before any large
uhowever,
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tember next."

Letters from Lisbon, of the 23d ult., state that the
Queen of PoaTuaAL was on that day safely delivered
of a Prince. IBRAIIIM PACIIA, who arrived in the
Tagus the same day, attended the Te Deum which
was sung in the Cathedral on the occasion.

Madrid journals of the 30th have been received.
The announcement of the alterations proposed to
be made in the sugar duties by the English Cabi-
net, had produced a considerable effect at Madrid.
The plan of Lord JOHN RUSSELL was spoken of by
all parties in terms of unqualified approbation.
The Clamor Publico publishes a letter from Senor
OLozAGA, declaring that he had never supported