The Sun.
London, England, 1846-09-08 00:00:00

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

Ma. EDITOR,—The navy has not had fair play in the
different promotions that have occurred, for those that
were too old ought to have had their retirement long ago.
I do not want to see renewed the rank of yellow admiral,
by gluing those captains less than those that get their
flag on accepting the retirement. It ought to be done
by seniority, and not in the way proposed, which is an
act of injustice, for long and faithful service last war,
has claims to the gratitude of this country, and not
in the breasts of those who are devoid of feeling.
but to provide for their relatives by such acts of
injustice. They fished last year, but did not succeed,
and I should think that they will have the same chance
this year, unless they give them all alike, subject to the
class they belong, which is but reasonable.
As this country is somewhat indebted to her navy for
protection by sea, they (milt to take care they do not
destroy that efficiency by a mistaken parsimony, for if
they have not money enough to cAnplete the retirement,
ask for more, or retire fewer, and fill the vacancies up
as they occur, but do not be unjust to the defenders of
your country.—l am, Sir,
London, sth September, 1816.

ONE OF THEM.

We understand, from good authority, that the
Hon. Adolphus Chichester, brother to Lord Temi.lemore,
and grandson of the Marquis of Anglesey, is about to
lead to the hymeneal altar, the daughter and sole heiress
of one of our wealthiest Commoners. This gentleman
has just completed his 21st year. The marriage is to
take place about the middle of November.
TUE LATE GENERAL SIR Wiu. NOTT, G.C.B.—
We have much satisfaction in announcing that the
Queen, on the recommendation of Lord John Russell,
has presented a son of the late gallant General to a
valuable living, as will be seen by the accompanying
copy of a letter from the Prime Minister to the Rev.
Mr. Nott:—" Chesliam-place, Aug. 28.—Sir, I have
much pleasure in informing you that the Queen has ap-
proved of my recommendation of your presentation by
the Crown to the living of Tutterton, in Lincolnshire.
The living, which is near Boston, is worth, I understand,
from 900/. to 1,0001. a year. I trust that you will be
enabled, by this increase of income, to give that assist-
ance to your sisters which your circumstances may war-
rant. It is as the son of Sir William Nott, as well as in
the character of a deserving clergy man, that I have
brought your name before her Majesty.—l have the
honour to be your faithful servant, J. RUSSELL. The
Rev. Wm. George Nott,"—Carmarthen Journal.

MAGAZINES-CONTINUED.

COLBURN'S UNITED SERVICE MAGA-
ZINE.

How is British Oregon to be governed and peopled
—how is its extensive frontier to be defended ? These
are questions which are ably discussed by Lieutenant-
Colonel Wilkie in an article on the Oregon treaty in
the present number of the United Service. He pro-
poses to form the country between the Pacific and the
Rocky Mountains into the province of Victoria, and
to form of the territory between those mountains and
Hudson's Bay another province. These provinces to
be separate and distinct from Canada, and to have
their geographical boundaries accurately marked out.
With regard to the peopling and the defence of these
territories the following is Colonel Wilkie's pro-
position :
" We see with what rapidity the population of the
United States increases, by natural means and immigra-
tion : wild and uninhabited as this north-western portion
of their territory is, it would be foolish to reckon on its
continuance in that state even for a short period. Sup-
posing, then, that this country, on the southern side of
the boundary, becomes peopled, even in a moderate de-
gree, what have we to delete! our new line of demarca-
tion, or how prevent trespass on the 50th degree of
latitude ?
" Our present frontier of Canada is in some measure
defended by the great chain of lakes, which gives
facilities of speedily supporting any threatened point ;
but how is this frontier to be defended, extending from
the Lake of the Woods, to the Straits of Fuca, a dis-
tance of 1,200 miles ? Add to this the Canadian and
Nova Scotia frontiers, and it would require a force
greater than the whole British army to defend it. In
that portion still without inhabitants, there would be
nothing for it but regular troops, arid these could not be
fed in a country devoi,i of resources.
" Now, then. is the time for the Government to esta-
blish something of the same nature as the military
colonies of Russia, but more consonant with our laws
and institutions. The whole of this newly-marked
frontier might be granted to occupiers, on condition of
military service, and that to be a sufficient tenure as long
as it was fulfilled. This would, in the first instance, be
an easy task, as nothing would be required but a certain
degree of organisation and training to the use of arms,
as no call for defence could be made probably under
half a century. The grants of land would be in propor-
tion to their productiveness and the means they might
afford for subsistence, and as the country became gra-
dually settled, a militia would arise with it, capable at
all times of defending the frontier against any enemy.
" The migration to Oregon is already in progress by
the ' pioneers of civilisation,' and they have even talked
of a gigantic railway from New York to the Columbia.
It is firth-, then, that we should look to the people of our
own territory, and plantirg there a population capable
of self-defence ; for most assuredly such is far beyond
the actual military means f Great Britain. There are
many inducements to emigration ; the country is
tolerably fertile, and it may be called a virgin soil ; it
is intersected in various directions by rivers and lakes ;
those on the eastern nod northern pv.tion offerir, com-
munications between Like Superior and the head of
Hudson's Bay, and on the north an easy distance be-
tween the Lake of the Woods and Lake Winnepeg. In
the 104th degree of west longitude, the rivers that cross
the frontier have a southern course to the valley of the
Missouri : the White-earth, Porcupine, Williams,
Bralton, and North Mountain rivers, all fall into that
great stream, and thus give a commercial outlet in the
Gulf of Mexico. Although the region in the vicinity of
this frontier is within the same parallels of latitude as
the country between Dieppe, yet the winter is severe.
An amelioration of climate may, however, be looked for,
when the country becomes inhabited, the earth cul-
tivated, woods cleared away, and morasses drained.
Crossing the Rocky Mountains, the rivers on the west side,
of which the Columbia is one, take a different direction,
and full into the Pacific. This division of territory,
commonly called Oregon, but properly speaking New
Albion, will rise every day in value, when it is consi-
dered the increase of commerce with China ; and should
the north-west passage be ever secured for even a short
time of the year, this country, with the great Islands of
Queen Charlottee and Vancouver, the harbours of Nootka
Sound and those in the Straits of Fuca, will become of
the highest importance ; indeed, it would seem that
Government had begun to consider it in that light, as I
observe one of her Majesty's ships is now employed in
surveying the Straits of' Fuca„"

Tliis is a matter well worthy the attentive conside-
ration of the Colonial Secretary, and Colonel Wilkie

is deserving of the gratitude of the country for having
drawn public attention to the subject. Our old friend
Colonel Firebrace continues his exposé of jobs and
jobbers, and adds a postscript on the subject of cor-
poral punishment. He clearly fixes the responsibility
of the continuance of flogging on the officers com-
posing courts-martial,
" Military writers" observes Colonel Firebrace,
" say to civilians who are zealous for the abolition of
flogging, you take this away from us. at least give
us something in its stead.' This is hardly fair, seeing
that they themselves have actually the power in their
own hands to vary the punishment in almost any shape
they like ; there is not a word in the articles of war
about flogging ; the penalty for cvt ry offence is simply
marked thus, shall suffer death, or such other punish-
ment as by a general (or regimental) court-martial shall
be awarded.' Surely, my military friends, here is ample
scope for your invention ; you might even try your hand
at thumb- screws or anything of the same kind ; it only
shows how inveterate habit is, when we have adhered so

long to this practice, so much reprobated, and never
tried to find something else. To my own apprehension
it may be got rid of, both at home and abroad, in peace
or war, or if retained at all, it should be reserved for the
punishment of infamous or detestable offences, and those
on whom it was inflicted should be immediately drummed
out of the service, the marks on their back being a
bar to their ever entering it again.
"References have frequently been made to the exemp•
tion of the French soldier from the lash, but even in that
service recourse is had sometimes to corporal punish•
ment far more severe, as in the case of the fosses in
Algiers, where the condemned battalion underwent tor-
tur,s far more painful than any flogging ; these cases,
are, however, very rare. One of the most common pu-
nishments of the French soldier is le boulee, the man
dragging at his ankle a cannon-shot attached to a chain ;
this I think might be applied in England with advantage
—releasing a man from his tether to take him out to a
field-day or guard-mounting, would make him consider
them in the light of a recreation or release. It is a
wearying and severe punishment without marks of dis-
grace attached to it, but perhaps the British Lion'
might again roar, if he saw a free-born Englishman
clogged like a trespassing goat or donkey. Prisons are
about to be built at all the barracks, which I hope will
answer ; I would suggest something to make this pu-
nishment more stringent, and at the same time less un-
just to the culprit's comrades
; that to each sentence of
imprisonment be attached a clause, that when the period
fur which the man has been sentenced has expired, that
he should further be obliged to bring up all the duty lost li
during his durance, and have only alternate nights in bed,
until he has pulled up his lee-way."
We sincerely hope that we shall hear no more of
the necessity of flogging. Let the Boulet be substi-
tuted for it by all means. " A wearying and severe
punishment without marks or disgrace attached to it,"
and which endangers neither life nor limb, is the
punishment of all others suited to bring a refractory
soldier to his senses. The other papers are excellent.
This is a most valuable number of the United Service.

COMIC HISTORY OF ENGLAND. By G. A.

A'Bcckett. No —di

By far the best number which has yet appeared.
It is full of fun, pun, and pleasantry, and the illustra-
tions by Leech are rich and racy. As a specimen of
the method in which the history is told, we give the
following description of the death of William
Rufus :

" During a boisterous dejeaner a la fourchette, at which
the Red King greatly increased his rubicundity by the
quantity of wine he consumed, a postman arrived with a
dream from the Abbot of St. Peter's, at Gloucester, done
up in an envelope. Read it out,' exclaimed Rufus,
atter having glanced at its contents; and on its being
found to forebode a violent death to the King, he
ordered a hundred pence to be given to the dreamer,
which, supposing him to have been taking forty
winks,' would have been at the liberal rate of twopence-
halfpenny a wink for his rather disagreeable doze over
the destiny of his sovereign. Rufus laughed at the
prediction, and repaired to the chase, accompanied by
Sir Walter Tyrrel, when a hart, in all its heart's sim-
plicity, came and stood between the illustrious sports-
men. The extraordinary hilarity of the bounding hart
attracted the attention of Rufus, who drew his bow, but
the string broke, and Rufus, not having two strings to
his how, called out to Tyrrel to shoot at the bald-faced
brute for his bare-faced impudence. Sir Walter in-
stantly ohe) ed; but the animal, bobbing down his head,
allowed the arrow to go through his own branches
towards those of a huge tree, when the dart, taking a
somewhat circuitous route, avoided the body of the hart
and went borne to the heart of the sovereign. Tyrrel
ran towards his toaster, and attempted to revive him ;
bat though there was plentyOf hartshorn in the forest,
none could be made available. The unfortunate regi-
irov France—taking taiktiTt'sg owF galloped to therench leave of
cide, merely muttering to himself some incoherent ex-
[67,
ae s
coast,si on s asan tod fled hi sd
his country, according to the usual custom of male-
factors."
The author's reflections on the various events that
he records are some of them very piquant; for in-
' stance, noticing the oaths of allegiance taken to
Maud by the barons in her father's lifetime, and
broken by them immediately after his death, he ob-
serves,—
" These parties—the respectable families that came
in with the Conqueror —were all guilty of the grossest
which, a few years
and would in years ago, would have rendered
them all liable to the p!
the present
day expose them to serious punishment."
perjury,

WE BANKERS' MAGAZINE.
In addition to the usual scientific contents of this
magazine, we have this month an amusing biographi-
cal sketch of .the celebrated " Abraham Newland,"
ovslll oallvtahse
pfoarperof
nearlythe Bank of half a crntury the famed payee
England.

THE UNION MAGAZINE.
The opening article of the present number, en-
" The Drawing-rooms of England," is a smart
attack upon those amateur pianists and vocalists who
infest evening parties,
" Making night hideous"
by their unseemly noise. The evil we fear is too
inveterate to be ever diminished by any remonstrances

from isolated individuals, and we advise the writer to
set about the organization of his threatened Anti-
Music-desecration League without loss of time. The
paper on " The Jesuits" is continued, and we have a
history of the expulsion of that society from Venice.
The safety of the state, nay, its very existence, called
for that expulsion, for " the Senate had discovered that
the Religieux had made use of the tribunal of peni-
tence to get acquainted with the secrets of families,
and the resources and dispositions of individuals;
that by the same means they knew the forces, re-
sources, and secrets of the state; and that they sent
an account every six months to their general through
the provincials or visitors ; and that after their retreat
from Padua there had been found, in their abode,
many letters, which they had not had time or caution
enough to burn, and which justified but too much the
reproaches to hich they had been subjected." The
assassination of Henry IV. of France soon fol-
lowed, and it was proved that Ravaillac, his assassin,
was a devoted student of the work of Mariana, " de
Rege et Regis Institutione," in which regicides are
held up to honour as glorious and heroic patriots, and
are exhorted to pursue their designs openly, and the
writer laments that their number is so limited. The
subsequent history of the order is then briefly traced,
and its attempt to supersede the University in the
control of the education of the country, an attempt
which for the time was rendered unsuccessful by the
discovery of the notes of the lectures delivered by
Hereau, a Jesuit professor, who in his public lectures
to the students advocated the murder even of kings,
if such were necessary to advance the interests of that
order. These things are recorded in various proses
verbaux transmitted to the Parliament of Paris in
1644, and they still stand upon the records of the
Court to this day, uncontradicted. Well may this
writer say—

" On recounting these proceedings, who is not struck
with amazement at the audacity of the doctrines at this
time propounded by the Jesuits ? How then must the
reader wonder at the words of the present Archbishop
of Thoulouse in addressing Louis Philippe, King of the
French, and who, after protesting that the expulsion of
the Jesuits was demanded by the same class of men who
destroyed the order in 1762, and attempted to subvert
the Christian religion, adds, We declare utterly false
the imputations against the Society of Jesuits, whose
constitutions, long approved by the Church, breathe the
purest spirit of the Gospel, and have produced a great
number of saints. We further declare that their dis-
persion would be highly injurious to religion, and pre-
pare again its overthrow. We at the same time affirm,
Sire, from our most intimate conviction, that if your
Majesty has anything. to fear for the stability of your
throne, it is from irreligious men and the enemies of
order, and not from the Jesuits, that such an apprehen-
sion is justifiable.' We trust tbat events may prove the
truth of the Archbishop's words. We admit that the
order has done much for education, much for the Chris-
tian religion, but we must not forget the evidence which
history affords us of the constant intermeddling of the
order in state affairs, and the commotions which inva-
riably followed on such intervention. As Englishmen
we have had enough of experience warning us to
beware of priestly government. Let the Jesuits, and
every other religious community, confine themselves to a
missionandEnglishmen andgoodwillgeneroustotheirmolestprofession,them
nay, more, will protect and support them ; but let them
beware of political intrigue, under peril of condign
punishment for an attempt at once unbecoming, imper-
tinent, and audacious. England has more than once
proclaimed, not by words but by deeds—deeds of stern
resolution—that she will not commit to priests the for-
tunes of her empire or the direction of her energies."
The story of " William Fleming, the Deal Boat-
man," is continued ; and the sketcher of " British
Landladies" is peculiarly happy in his sketch of " The
Motherly Landlady," which is well illustrated by
Mason. " Mr. Wick Wickerstaff 's Party" was such
a jolly one that we are quite ambitious of his acquaint-
ance, and when next he gives a spread we hope he
will favour us with a card of invitation. We have,
besides, an elaborate review of " Mr. Wright's
Essays on the History of England in the Middle
Ages," and several other papers of considerable merit.