The Sun.
London, England, 1846-11-25 00:00:00

COURT CIRCULA R•

The Queen and Prince Albert took th, sir accustomed
early walk yesterday, in the gardens and pleasure
grounds of Osborne House. His Royal I %Thum Prince
Albert afterwards rode out on horseback.
Their Royal Highnesses the Prince of Wales, Prince
Alfred, the Princess Royal, and the Prince us Alice, rodo
out on ponies yesterday. Her Royal Highness the
Princess Helena was also taken an airing.
Mr. Marjoribanks, Mr. W. Ewart, and a deputation of
the College of Preceptors, had an interview • with Lord
John Russell yesterday at his official residence in
Docvning-street.
Mr. _Arthur Crooke, from Liverpool, had an interview
with•the Chancellor of the Exchequer yesterday, at his
official re;jdence in Downing-street, and presented a
memorial rescecting sugar.
Mr. Gregor/ had an interview with Earl Grey yester-
day at the Cele/nisi-office.
The Bishop of London had an interview yesterday
with Lord John Russell.
Mr. Warburton had air interview yesterday with the
Chancellor of the Exchequer.
The Rev. W. A. Soames, Vicar, Mr. E. W. James,
Vestry Clerk, and two other inhabitants of the parish of
Greenwich, had an interview yvilh Sir George Grey
yesterday at the Home-office.
The Chancellor of the Exchequer and Lady Mary
Wood had a dinner party yesterday at their residence in
Eaton- square.

Lady John Russell had an evening party yesterday at
her residence in Chesham-place.
The Duke of Wellington left town yesterday for his
seat Strathfieldsaye, Rants.

Dispatches were sent off yesterday evening from too
Colonial-office for the Governor of Ceylon.

THE LATE FIRE.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

_
SIR,—An exaggerated account having appeared in
your paper of a fire that took place at one of our branch
factories, quite detached from our principal works, we
beg to state that the total lolls is under 2,0001., that the
greater part is insured, and that it will not interfere, in
the slightest degree, with the conduct of our business.,—
We arc, Sir, your obedient servants,
Sutton-street, Clerkenwell, PALMER and CO.
Nov. 25, 1846.

We.are authorised in stating that the Count de
Montemolin, or, as he is called by his adherents, his
Majesty Charles Luis King de jure of Spain, arrived in
the metropolis on Sunday night. His Royal Highness
travelled under the strictest incognito, and was accom-
panied only by General Montenegro, and his private
secretary, Don Ron3ualdo Mon. The Marquis di Villa
Franca Duke di Medina Sidonia arrived in London a
few days since.—Times.
IMPORT OF PROVISIONS FROM THE UNITE)? STATES.
—The Saranak, which arrived at Liverpool from Phila-
delphia on the 21st inst., brings 2,854 barrels of flour,
12,000 bushels of wheat, 5,000 bushels and 40 bags
Indian corn, 30 casks of beef, 9 casks of bacon, and 7
barrels of potatoes.
SUPPRESSION OF GAMBLING AT LUCCA.—(Extract
of a letter from Italy.)—His Royal Highness the Duke
of Lucca having had experience of the rain which gam-
bling tables have entailed on many visitors to the baths
of Lucca, has by a royal ordinance, dated the sth No-
vember instant, suppressed all games of hazard in his
dukedom ; and has directed that the casino erected at
the Baths of Lucca, for the convenience of strangers,
he converted into a reading room, &c., as well as that at
Viareggio.
COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS.—Yesterday a deputa-
tion of gentlemen conducting private boarding schools,
in different sections of the country, headed by J. Majori-
banks. Esq., M.P., and T. Ewart, Esq., M.P., had an
audience of Lord John Russell, on the subject of the
recently formed College of Preceptors. His Lordship
received the deputation graciously, and patiently listened
to a detailed plan of their future movements.
FRIGHTFUL CASE OF STABBING.—We are very
sorry to have to record another of those unfortunate
collisions in which the use of the knife has been resorted
to, with, we fear, too great a probability of a fatal result.
The particulars of the case, so far as we have been able
to learn, are as follow :—At about one o'cicck this
morning the attention of the police was drawn to a
squabble between two sea faring men in South Castle-
street. When they came up it was found that one of
the men was stalibed in the belly. The other was im-
mediately arrested, and on him was found a large broad-
pointed clasp-knife. The injured man was conveyed to
the Northern Hospital, where he now lies in a most pre-
carious state. The wound, from which his bowels were
protruding, is a little below the naval and about two
inches long. His name is Charles Winslow, and he re-
sides at a boarding house in Barton-street, having re-
cently arrived from St. John's, New Brunswick, in the
Champion, of this port. Liverpool Standard, of
yesterday.
PRICE or LAND.—Yesterday, by an order from
the, Court of Chancery, a piece of land, known as the
Gospel Oak and Five-acre Fields, lying between Kent-
ish-town and Hampstead, so called in consequence of
the bishops preaching the Reformation at that locality,
beneath an oak, which is at present standing there in
the last stage of decay, was put up to auction at the
Gray's Inn Coffee-house, for the purpose of the erection
of villas. The land was exonerated from land-tax and
tithe free, save a payment of 4d. per acre, and a pay-
ment of 4s. yearly rent to the lord of the manor of
Tottenham; it formerly being copyhold of inheritance
of the manor of Tottenham. There were but little
more than two acres, which sold for 1,4001., or 7001.

an acre.
THE ROYAL FAMILY OF PORTUGAL.—Though the
probable result of the present struggle in Portugal is a
problem that ordinary persons seek in vain to solve, it
would seem that in very high quarters the difficulty is
not so great. We judge so from a circumstance that has
been stated to us on apparently good authority. We are
assured that orders were given, before the departure of
the Court for the Isle of Wight, for the immediate pre-
paration of aprtments in Windsor Castle, in case the
Queen of Portugal, and the King-Consort—first cousin
of his Royal Highness the Prince Field Marshal—should
find it advisable to avail themselves of British hospita-
lity. Arrangements are also made for the reception of
their Majesties four sons and two daughters, who may
naturally be expected to accompany their royal parents
in this involuntary visit. It is added that the mysterious
mission of Colonel Wylde, about which people have
wearied themselves with conjectures, had reference sim-
ply to the offer of this asylum to the royal family of Por-
tugal.—Morning Post.
On Saturday night last, while a gentleman, who
had just returned to Glasgow with the train from Edin-
burgh, was passing along London-street on his way
home, a young fellow, dressed in moleskin clothes,
suddenly rushed out of the through-going passage leading
down St. Andrew's-lane and darting his hand into his
vest pocket carried off his gold watch, gold guard- chain,
ring, and key, along with a button of the vest to which
the guard was attached, making his escape by the same
entrance from which he emerged. The whole was the
work of an instant, and the villain was off before the
gentleman had discovered his loss.—Glasgow Herald.
MADAME ANNA Bisnor.—The engagement of this
accomplished vocalist, at Drury-lane Theatre, will ter-
minate, on the 23d of December, after v, hieh Madame
Bishop will make an extensive tour to fulfil her engage-
ments in the psovinces.
MADAME EUGENIA. GARCIA..—This vocalist, who
was the Prima Donna in turn at Drury-lane, the Prin-
cess's, and the Surrey, seems to have surprised the ama-
teurs at Rovigo, for she was called for at her benefit, it
we are to believe the France Musicale, 58 times 1 ! in one
night!!
DUPREZ.—This artist having dedicated his "Art of
Singing " to the Duchess de Montpensier, her Royal
Higness has presented him with a magnificent pencil-
case, surmounted by a rich diamond, accompanied by a
letter, in which the wish is expressed that the pencil may
serve to write another of the too rare vocal gems which
Duprez has yet published.
GERMANY.—Mendelssohn's Paul has been given in
Vienna by 1,000 executants, Staudigl being the principal
singer. Liszt has gone to Constantinople, and Ernst is
about to visit Russia. Conradin Kreutzer has been no-
minated successor to Nicolai, at the Court Opera, the
latter going to Berlin.
ATTEMPTED MURDER.-1001. REWARD.—Yester-
day's Government Police Gazette contained the offer of
the above reward for such informatiun as will lead to
the apprehension and conviction of the individuals who,
on the evening of the 20th ult., caused such injuries to
Mr. David Congreve, near his own residence, on the
Holbeach Turnpike-road, by shooting at him with slugs,
as to endanger life—viz., 501. by her Majesty's Govern-
ment, and 501. by Mr. avid Congreve.
Lord ,Brougham left Paris on Monday on his
return to England.
ANOTHER COLLIERY EXPLOSION. LIVERPOOL,
o'clock
in Nov. 24.—Yesterday morning a dreadful explosion of
fire-damp took place at Harvey's Coppell Colliery, near
Standish, Lancashire, by which several lives have been
lost.
renew It th
the
seemsfires
belowthat the
es 3
omitted
sbo.uskneeistshriete.
in the morning, and in consequenceof
fire-damp accumulated. When he went dogwoninagt out,a
o'clock, for *the purpose of relighting
them, an explosion
whoseto do
apprehendedwere
that six others, in
a e also been killed. Thisil
a different part of the mine,
have took place. Three men killed, several were
seriously hurt, and it is
report was brought to Liverpool yesterday morning, but
no other particulars were known.
DREADFUL MURDER IN FRANCE. A dreadful
murder was committed
.yesterday morning in the Rue
Bertin Poirce, No. 9. A girl, aged twenty eight, by
flame Alexandrine Boulanger, was lately dismissed from
the service of M. R—, a cloth merchant, who had just
got married. She considered herself ill-treated, and
complained loudly of what had been done, threatening
vengeance on M. R— and his young wife. Yester-
day, Understanding that M. It— had gone to the
country, she knocked at the door of his apartment, and
seeing it opened by a young woman, she took it for
granted that this was Madame R. She accordingly
threw in her face the contents of a phial of vitriolic acid,
and then, precipitating herself on her, stabbed her with
a knife in eight-places, leaving the unfortunate victim of
her passion a corpse. She then threw herself out of the
window of a landing into the street, but a market.cart
cs
lhaer
ecr
tpheadt
erlyhaudnhurt.
killed Ntit;
andeanm tea kile n.
that happened to pass at the moment received her, and
outon spersons
-
.--• -be truth, it was discovered

Al-xandrine Boulapger
Pr facture of Police.—

rt.%
13 EPLOUABLE EFFECTS OF TILE REPEAL OF
TUE CO RN-I. kW S.—We understand that at the Michael-
mas audits of the Right Hon. Lord Feversham, held at
Helmsley and Kirbymoorside, last week, not one of his
Lordship's numerous tenantry made default, and that
there was not a single arrear,— Yorhshireman.

.\

TO T HE RIGHT HON. LORD JOHN

RUSSELL, M.P.
My I loan,—The sensible and well-timed remarks
which th .e EditorOf The Sun has made upon Mr. Scrope's
letters ti ) your Lordship render it unnecessary to reply
to them, but I wish to advert to another topic, clearly
proving that Mr. Scrope does not understand the real
evil wb ich presses upon the population of the sister
kingdo. in: it is this, that Gentleman last session intro-
duced Bill proposing to reclaim the waste lands in Ire-
land, by dividing them into farms of not more than 100,
or ler,* than 10 acres. Why the great evil which afflicts
Ire'And is the smallness of the farms—out of about
7F AO,OOO more than half are under 10 acres in extent,
rag above than 300,000 are under 5 acres! Now, in
/every country, and in every district, where small farms
rare the rule and not the exception, periodical distress
does and must occur. The experiments in Holland, in
Belgium, the situation of the crofters in the Highlands,
peasantry. in Ireland, prove that the same cause
mad of the
always produces similar results. In years of plenty
produce is so cheap that rents are with difficulty paid,
and are often in arrear ; in years of scarcity the whole
crop is barely sufficient to provide the tenant and his
family with the means of existence. Can it be a matter
of surprise that such a population is at continual war
with the landlord and his agents?
The inevitable consequence of such a number of small
possessions is, that there is no such class as the agricul-
tural labourer, and the reason is obvious, there is no
regular demand for his services. A glance at the actual
position of one of these five-acre farmers is quite suffi-
cient to account for the Agrarian crimes which abound
in Ireland—take the case of a man with a family hold-
ing five acres, and surrounded by a population in similar
circumstances—his crop is sown, and both himself and
family desire employment, who is to furnish it? His
neighbours are also looking for work—none can be
found, and then may be seen lounging by the ditch side,
doing nothing, because there is nothing to do, the very
man who, if he were removed to Londen or to Liverpool,
or to any English or Scotch agricultural district, would
make a most industrious labourer, and one (I speak from
considerable personal experience) far more desirous of
task work than either Englishman or Scotchman. Re-
maining at home, the man becomes an idler, and soon
furnishes another example of the truth of the proverb,
" That the idle man tempts the Devil." His rent falls
into arrear—a process is served—he is about to be
evicted, certain ruin stares him in the face, and his
landlord or the agent is murdered in mid-aay, and the
assassin escapes by the connivance of his neighbours,
who know not how soon their arrears may be demanded.
Assuredly this is not the time to recriminate, or to
inquire how it has happened that landlords have per-
mitted such a state of things to exist ? The fact is cer-
tain that they are now sincerely desirous of getting rid
of the evil of small farms. If actuated by no higher
motive, Irish landlords now !perceive that their rental,
although nominally larger, is in reality much less ,than
it would be if their property was held by a respectable
tenantry, whose farms were cultivated by industrious
labourers. Witness the lamentations of Lords West-
meath and Dysart—Arcades ambo—Tories both. They,
forsooth, require the Government to remove the super-
abundant population, and then they say all will be well!
In other words, they, or their forefathers, having, either
from political or pecuniary motives, induced the location
of an excessive population, by the manner in which the
land has been set, they now demand to be exempted
from the inevitable consequences of such conduct, and
propose that all the evil shall be borne by their wretched
tenantry. This is impossible! Evil must be endured by
all parties who have been guilty of such imprudence,
but the greatest share must be borne by the landlord, for
he was the most imprudent, and he must be taught the
salutary rule, that " property has its duties as well as
its rights;" and that the first of these duties, and the
first burthen upon land, is the subsistence of those who
have been bred upon the soil.
Let Irish landlords act upon this principle, and all
will yet be well, for the Government then will, with the
approbation of the entire community, cheerfully assist in
getting into a better state. The best, if not the only,
mode of effecting this desirable end, is to make the situ-
ation of the agricultural labourer better than that of the
occupier of one of these small -possessions ; a work of
time, but most assuredly not of difficulty. How this
may be accomplished shall be the subject of a future
letter.

Bearing my humble tribute of admiration to the man.
ner your Lordship's Government have acted in this mos
trying emergency,
I have the honour to remain,
Your Lordship's most obedient servant,
The Right Hon. Lord J. Russell, M.P. R. W.

FRENCH CATTLE.—Within the past few weeks, the
steam ships of the Commercial Company running between
Boulogne and London, have brought a few head of
cattle, generally comprising from ten to fifteen heifers,
and two and three head of horned cattle, bur an increase
has taken place in them this week to an extent which has
caused great surprise to those who were not prepared
for such an influx from that quarter ; the steamer Eme-
rald having brought, in addition to some packages of
live plants and vegetables„ aed a more than usually
large cargo of French silks, wines, and other valuable
merchandise, 20 heifers, 51 sheep, 22 lambs, 2 calves,
and 17 cows, the production of France. It would ap-
pear from this, that France is destined speedily to follow
in the wake of Denmark, the Hanseatic Ports, and
Holland, already, the latter more particularly, so exten-
sively concerned in the supply of such productions ; and
if this unexpected increase in the supply of cattle, par-
ticularly of the larger description, is to be taken as a
criterion of what may be expected to take place from
other of the continental states, it would be difficult to
hazard a correct opinion as to what we may have to re-
cord at no very distant period. Another feature pre-
sents itself in this particular arrival, viz., that a new and
distinct branch of business is opened for the steamers
trading between London and Boulogne, which will in
some measure compensate them for the partial loss of
their passenger traffic, owing to many of the public pre-
ferring to avail themselves, by means of the railway, of
the more direct route to the continent.
Fossil REMAINS.—On Saturday last Professor
Owen (the British Cuvier) and Professor Sedgwick,
Woodwardian Professor of Geology, Cambridge, paid a
visit to the Dean of Ely, with whom having breakfasted,
they proceeded to the residence of Messrs. Bard, Fisher,
and Squib, to inspect their collections of fossil remains,
which have been greatly added to since the formation of
the railway commenced in this neighbourhood, and such
was the immense variety-in the different collections, that
four hours were occupied in the inspection ; after which
they proceeded to Haddenham, the residence of the Rev.
Mr. Banks, to inspect the vertebrae, ninety in number, of
a plesiosaurus, which has recently been dug up at Went-
worth, and with it were found considerable portions of
ribs and phalanges, and there is every reason to believe
that, had it been known to Mr. Banks at an earlier
period, the entire skeleton might have been preserved ;
but sufficient has been discovered to show that it must
have belonged to an enormous-sized animal. Amongst
the remarkable specimens in the collection was a pubic
bone of a plesiosaurus, measuring 32 inches by 28 ; a
paddle bone, not quite perfect, measuring 22 inches by
9; as well as several bones of a small species of the sau-
rian tribe, the teleosaurus, rarely met with.—Cambridge
Chronicle.
We read in a letter from Riga of the Bth :—" The
corn harvest in Courland, where wheat is the chief pro-
duce, has been this year under the average, but it will
be sufficient for the home consumption. As to the pro-
vinces which have communications with Riga, the har-
vest has been good, particularly in wheat. Purchases
of wheat have been made in Courland at 20f. 50c. per
hectolitre, but the merchants of Riga think this price
too high, and expect a fall. The export duty is 41. 10c.
per last, or 33 hectolitres ; the freight in foreign bot-
toms is 21. 50c. per hectolitre, for the Ocean ; to which
must be added 21f. per last for loading, &c., and 3 per
cent. for commission, brokerage, &c.' From Palermo
the 2d, we have the following :—" The annual crop of
wheat in Sicily is 5,600,000 hectolitres, and that of bar-
ley 2,750,000. The price of wheat for bread in the
parts from which exports can be made is 17f. 2c. per
hectolitre, and that of barley 12f. 64c."
ROYAL ARTILLERY, WOOLWICH, Nov. 23.—A
few weeks since a Court of Inquiry, consisting of Lieu-
tenant-Colonels Wells, Rowland, and Harrison, and
Major Cator, was appointed to inquire into certain dis-
crepancies in the charges made for regimental neces-
saries with various battalions, amounting in some cases
to as much as 33 per cent. The result has been that the
Court has declared the present charges to be too high,
and has recommended that the system at present pur-
sued, of allowing non-commissioned officers to make
contracts, be discontinued, and that in future contracts
shall be thrown open to the public in general It de-
serves to be mentioned, that a system has for a long
time prevailed, highly injurious to the men, by which
some of the subordinates have been in the habit of re-
ceiving a heavy per tentage from the tradesmen for
goods supplied to the corps, which has led to additional
impositions, so that knapsacks have been offered at
10s. 3d., equal in every respect to those now supplied at
15s. 6d.
FOREIGN POTATOES.—The arrivals of potatoes from
the continent of Europe, during the week, have com-
prised the following, the enumeration of which will be
interesting and of importance, as showing the extent to
which their importation is carried at the present time
The Magnet steam ship, from Harlingen, brought four
packages, and the Ocean steam ship, from Rotterdam,
eight packages, the produce of Holland ; the Jeune
Josephine, from Boulogne, a cargo comprising 36 tons'
weight, the growth of France ; the Jean and Jessie,
Loom Dunkirk, an entire cargo, comprising the very
large quantity of 120 tons' weight, the produce of Nor-
mandy ; the Sir Robert Peel, from Rotterdam, 10 pack-
ages of Dutch produce ; the Aid, from Boulogne, the
large quantity of 60 tons' weight, the production of
France • the Rainbow, from Rotterdam, four packages
of Dutch produce ; and the steam ship Emerald, from
Boulogne, 36 sacks, the produce of France. Of these
arrivals, the supplies from France and Normandy have
been of an increasingly extensive and important cha-
racter ; those from Holland being of a comparatively
trifling description, and calling for no particular re-
mark.

LEITH.—On Friday, the 20th inst., about six P.M.,
the wind suddenly veered round from E.S.E. to W.N.W.,
and blew a storm. At midnight a small sloop was seen
sinking almost instantaneously. She has been a vessel
from 25 to 35 tons, but whether laden or light is as yet
unknown. At low water, her mast is four or five feet
above the surface of the water ; but at high water it will
be invisible, and consequently very dangerous for boats
and ships, especially the former. This wreck lies in the
eastern part of Leith Road, Nelson's Monument about
half a cable's length open to the westward of North
vAeith Steeple, and the south end of Cramond Island on
"- line with Dalmeny House. Nothing has yet trans-
.
ired regarding the preservation of the crew, but we fear
e worst The vessel had the letters C. R. in her vane.
authorities at Leith were instantly apprised of the
Z-7. t by Hr. Vedder, tide surveyor of customs, in
7Woanarildat 'a buoy might be placed over the wreck for the
-
filippizagi.Cakknian Mercury.
ki ri S