The Sun.
London, England, 1848-05-05 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, MAY 5, 1848.

profound and versatile patriot, that an universal
war can be viewed as nothing less than
" the final European cataclysm." This occurs in the
political essay addressed by him to the directors of
the Revue E
In the een lle and entitled " The Polity of
Reason:'
ninth' chapter of this remarkable
production,* the illustrious author, speaking of war,
says—" He who shall throw open the folds of its
cloak will assume the responsibility of an age of
chaos, of murder, of blood, and servitude ; he will do
what Belgium and Holland would do were they to
overthrow their dykes, and to open a way to the
ocean ; nationalities and individuals, liberties and
principles, friends and enemies—everything would
be engulphed." Correct in 1831, this warning
passage is more especially applicable to the
position of continental Europe in 184$. The warn-
ing came in 1831 from the pen of LAMARTINE, it
comes now visibly upon the world from the acts, as
well as from the language of that poet-statesman. It
is not only the oracle of thought that utters this
warning now to Christendom, it is the oracle also of
experience—of thought matured, of experience ac-
quired. It was at daybreak that the marble head of
Memnon breathed forth music—it is at the dawn of
French Republicanism that the mouth of LAMARTINE
becomes the instrument of prediction. Let not there
tones be despised, or those Sibylline leaves be scat-
tered unthinkingly to the winds of heaven.

M. Recurt, twice: for Paris and Perpignan.
Pagnerre, twice: for Paris and Versailles.
M. Aylies, twice: for Alrncon and Auch.
M. Perdiguier (Agricol), twice: for Paris and Avig-
non.
M. Cavaiguac, twice: for Paris and Cahors.
The Ledru Rollin party still continue their machi-
nations against the Republic. No. 23 of the Bulletin
de la Republique of the Ministry of the Interior,
dated the 2d, was published on Wednesday. It is as

peace and concord, which have been momentarily dii- 1
!tubed by men who were misled by insensate excitations.
Citizens ! I appeal to your tried patriotism, and rely
upon your unanimous concurrence. From those who
have triumphed over these disturbances and are strong
in the success of the rightful cause, I claim that calm
ness and moderation which is consistent with strength.
To those who are weak and suffering. I come to
promise assistance and unwearied solicitude, in ex-
change for that patience and resignation which the Re
public still requires from them. From all of ) ou, citizens,
I demand, in the name of the Republic, obedience to
the laws, oblivion for the past, union for the future,
confidence in the respresentatives of the Government.
The task which has devolved upon me is glorious ; I
trust I shall not fail in the performance of it ; and in
the accomplishment of it I will not shrink from any ob-
stacle, and will not fail to exact respect for the authority
with which I am invested. Let us remain united.
France has her eyes upon us. Let her not be forced to
moan over our impious discords. Every attack against
the holy principle of Fraternity is a crime les notion.
The repressntatives of the people are about to enter upon
their duties. Let us rely upGn them for founding the
future welw are of our fine country."

011ows: --

" Disturbances ever to be regretted have broken out
at Rouen, and at a few other towns, arising from the
elections. These slight shocks, although deeply
to be lamented, ought not to surprise us after
the powerful commotion into which France and
Europe have been thrown. Nothing more need
be seen in those momentary troubles than the
results of the errors of a few individuals, or of
certainsudden difficulties cuulrtigeesntapplication of institutions, the sue-
almost inevitably attendant upon the
chanism of which has never before been brought into
action amongst us. Every vessel, however well trimmed
she may be, leaves the waters in her wake in a state of
agitation. Let us not exaggerate the importance of act.,
deplorable as they are, which are easily explained by
the complication inseparable from a state of things en-
tirely without precedent.
.Let us not find in these inci
dents the indication of schisms which will never again
arise amongst us. Never forget, citizens, that great,
that evangelical motto of fraternity inscribed on our
banners and on the fronts of our public monuments.
Ever remember that fraternity means union, charity,
tolerance, conciliation, confidnece,esteem, and reciprocal
indulgence. Let us. then, have faith in the strength of
the institutions which the people have gained at
the price of their blood, and that the trials which
we may yet have to undergo will only render them more
firm by the sanction of time and experience. Believe
that our revolution will never recoil, will never even
make a pause, before it has fulfilled all its promises, before
it bas ameliorated the lot of. the masses for whose benefit
Society which, being it has been made. God, in his wisdom and extreme
ncainpdleesvwehrth France has so often pro.
bounty, has not willed that there shall be here below any
en-
dowedelected
withor rejected;
the
p ri
claimed and sealed with her blood, should again attempt
privileged circle the well-
beingould become impossible.
All to concentrate
the
have succeeded each
and
Governments
enjoyments
of
f n a
life
eoi e
w v
other in France since 1789 have promised to en-
sure the future good of the workmen, and to
increase the general welfare, by reducing the charges
upon the people. No one has been willing or able to
keep this promise. Let us hope that for this Republic,
ovrnm7nt of all, by all
suffrage, that is to say, the g
founded upon the broad and equitable basis of universal
and for all, is reserved the imperishahie glory of raising
the means for creating a state of universal prosperity.
Let there be no disquietude, no mistrust; let us enter-
tain no doubts of ourselves or of cur cause. All the
democratic consequences of the revolution of February
are from this time forth assured to us. Insanity alone
can ever conceive the vain notion of wresting them
from us. Let us rely
upon the National Assembly
for investigating in suitable terms the wishes of the
people, and that, penetrated with the source from which
it emanates, it will not misunderstand when it erects
the new representative constitution destined to serve
as the basis for the future grandeur and prosperity of
France !"
The Atelier, the special organ. of the working
classes, contains the following article addressed to the
revolutionists :
" If you are dissatisfied because the popular element
is not sufficiently represented . in the Constituent
Assembly, we are of your opinion. If you are diss,a-
tisfied because tried Republicans, because able So-
cialists, have not seen their names issue froth the urn,
we are of your opinion. If you are dissatisfied at be-
holding the narrow and inipuissant Liberalism of the old
dynastic Left re-appearing on the political scene with u
numerous cortege, we are again of your opinion. And
not only we are of your opinion, but we belong to
yourselves if you wish to act on the majority, and
oblige it, by all the means of the press--the spoken
word, and association—to realise all the insti:u-
lions which the time demands. We belong to you
to prevent the light from being hid under a bushel,
to cause every idea to be brought forward, and to show
what it is worth, by being subjected to the test of public
discussion. We belong to you to give an additional
impulse to tt.e wheel of progress—to cause the revo-
lution of Fr bruary to keep its promises, the sovereignty
of the people to remain a verity, the working classes to
at last possess the instruments of labour. But, if there
are any amongst you who are unwilling, or who do not
know how to make use of the powerful means given to
every one by the liberty to speak, to write, and to meet
—if there are any who are inclined to proceed under the
Republic as they were forced to proceed under the
Monarchy, by an appeal to arms—if there are any who
think of such means, we are not with them—we are
against them ; we shall consider them as enemies
of the Republic, and we shall treat them as usurpers
of the sovereignty of the people. We should have
so much the less hesitation in declaring against those
of whom we speak, that we should believe them moved by
a purely personal ambition, and altogether deprived of the
legitimate ambition of bringing about the triumph ot ide as.
Men with ideas, men of conviction, have at present so wide
a career open before them, that they cannot in any manner
justify having recourse to violence—besides they do not
think of it. As to the Constituent Assembly, it is evident,
to behold the names composing it, that a very ardent
desire to realise all that Socialism can offer as reasonably
realisable at present is not to be expected; but it is your
duty, the duty of us ull who wish to see bond fide social
reforms carried out, and wish it energetically, to state
what they are, and to
.show the means of application—it
is the duty of us all sincere democrats to prepare the
work, elaborate the ideas, and weigh in the Constituent.
Assembly with all moral weight of necessity and justice."
The attitude assumed by the moderate Republicans
has, however, somewhat cooled the enthusiasm of the
ultras. M. BARBP has repudiated the proclamation
of the Societe des Droits de l'Homme, and declares
that his name was appended to it without his autho-

The Central Democratic Club of the National
Guard has sent an address of congratulation to the
National Guard at Rouen, fur their patient, humane,

and energetic conduct in the recent events in that

city.
Since the above was in type we have received the
Paris papers of yesterday evening.
The National Assembly was opened yesterday, and
the programme published in the Moniteur was strictly
followed.

The preparations to do honour to the solemnity
commenced at an early hour in the morning, and the
first sounds of the rappel were at once responded to
by the National Guards, who immediately proceeded
to their allotted posts in the line of procession from
the Hotel of the Minister of Justice to the Chamber
of the Representatives. Great crowds congregated
at every point that promised to command a view, but
notwithstanding their numbers, not the least con-

fusion or disposition to disturb public order was
evinced in any quarter.
The line of procession from the Place Vendome to
the Chamber of Representatives was marked out by
a triple hedge on either side of National Guards,
troops of the line, and the Garde Mobile.
At half-past 12 the cortege began to move from the
Place Vendome. It was headed by a strong body of
the mounted National Guard, immediately after
which walked the members of the Provisonal Go-

vernment in ranks of three or four, flanked
on either side by the superior officers
of the National Guard, and followed by some
general officers and staff. As this part of the pro-
cession moved on, the air resounded with cries of
"Vive la Republique," " Vive le Gouvernement Pro-
visoire." The only Members particularised were
MM. Lamartine and Marrast, for whom many cries
were raised. The cortege was followed by the pri-
vate carriages of some of the Members, and the
whole brought up by several battalions of the Na-
tional Guards and the troops which had lined the
streets, and who fell in turn into the line of march.

The interior of the Hall of the Assembly presents
a simple aspect. A frise beneath the canvas roof
contains " Liberti Egalite, Fraternite," often re-

peated. There are two galleries or tribunes, one a
each side ; that on the left of the President is reserved
for the press, the right for ladies. On the external
entablature of the tribune for the orators are inscribed
22, 23, 24 Fevrier.
The members began to assemble early. Among
the first, were Messrs. Odillon Barrot, Jambert
Larabit,and Sunt Albia, with General Subervie,
Provisional War Minister, Berryer, Faucher, Tas-
cheran, Etienne, Arago, Favre, Boulay, and Luneau.
With regard to costume it was curious that not one
infrnber obeyed Ledru Rollin's sumptuary decree.
On the other hand, the condemned cross of the Legion
of Honour was freely exhibited.
There were about forty ladies in the gallery des-
tined to the fair. The galleries assigned to the public
were crowded, especially the upper, which was filled
with blouses.
Beranger arrived early, and as he was seeking for
his place with his weak old eyes through green spec-
tacles, Dupin came to his aid, and both shook hands
as heartily as if there was the most perfect sympathy
of politics and nature between the sarcastic lawyer and
the poet, who is as remarkable for his bon hommie as
his Republicanism.
At ten minutes to one o'clock the Members of the
Provisional Bureau ranged themselves at each side
of the Presidential chair, immediately after the firing
of cannon, heard inside, announced that the Prov i-
sional Government had set out from the Hotel of the
Ministry of Justice. The names of the Secretaries
forming the reovisional Bureau, are Fresnau, Astoine,
Lagreneuil, Ferroueltal, Gambon, and Auguste
Avon.
In the diplomatic tribune among the earliest ar-
rivals were Lord and Lady Normanby, M. Peruzzi,
Minister for Tuscany, M. de Thorne, Austrian
Charge d'Affairs, and the Ministers for some of the
South American Republics, as well as the Minister
for the United States.
At a quarter-past one o'clock the Doyen d' age,
Audry de Puyraveau, took the chair. At this
moment the drums could be heard beating aux
champs, and-the Huissiers called out en place, when
the Members took their seats, and a protound silence
ensued. Immediately a noise was heard at the door,
owing to some officers of National Guards entering
the Chamber with their arms, which was prohibited.
The Chamber supported the Governor of the Chateau,
who opposed the National Guards, crying, " No arms
in the Chamber," and the door was s' ut
against them. After this incident there was pro-
found silence broken by the firing of cannon, which
was heard without intermission. The door again
opened, and the officers of National Guards and
of the troops were seen, forming a striking group ;
they wore their arms, but did not venture beyond
the door. General Courtais was amongst them,
and probably settled the matter in dispute. The
Prefect of Police entered as the salute of drums was
heard outside, and at half-past one o'clock, pre-
cisely the Provisional Government entered amidst
cries of " Vive la Republique !" followed by a
brilliant cortege of officers of National Guards. As
the neglect of the prescribed costume had excited
so much notice, all looked to see how the members
of the Government were attired; but as they wore
their coats buttoned, the republican waistcoat, if
there at all, could not be discovered. They wore
the ceinture adopted by all officials, with a ribbon
in the button-hole. They had hardly taken their
seats when M. de Puyraveau, the Chairman,
invited attention to the President of the
Conseil, who read a very short address, which
could not be distinctly heard. When, however,
he arrived at the words declaratory of the proclama-
tion of the Republic, which he gave with emphasis,
the whole assembly, numbering 700 Members, rose to
a man, and raising their right hands, shouted " Vive
la Republique." The appearance of the assembly was
at this moment extremely imposing. The cheering
was renewed as he spoke the devise of the Republic.
When he descended from the tribune, M. CREMIEUX,
the Minister of Justice, rose, and invited the members
to enter their bureaux, for the purpose of verifying
their returns, and forthwith the Chamber was cleared
—this first act of the ceremony not occupying more
than six minutes.
THE SPEECH OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE
PROVISIONAL GOVERNMENT.
" Citizen representatives of the people,—
"The Provisional Government comes to bow before
the nation, and render a signal homage to the supreme
power with which you are invested.
" Elect of the people, we welcome you to this great
capital, where your presence excites a sentiment of
happiness and hope that will not be deceived.
" Depositaries of the National Sovereignty, you
are about to found new institutions upon the
broad basis of democracy, and to give to France
the only constitution :hat can suit her—a republican
constitution (here the whole assembly rose, and with
right hands raised, cried " Vive la Republique").
But after having proclaimed the great political law
which is about to organize definitely the country, you,
like us, citizen representatives, will proceed to regu-
late the possible and efficacious action of the Govern-
ment in the relations which the necessities of labour
establish among all the citizens, and which ought tia
have for bases the sacred laws of justice and fraternity.
—(Reaewed cheering, and cries of " Vive la Re-
publique.")
" In fine, the moment has arrived for the Provi-
sional Government to resign into your hands the
unlimited power with which the Revolution had in-
vested it. You know that with regard to ourselves

rity. MAN(tut, however, pursues his career of vio•
lence, and has, by the publication of a ferocious at-
tack on the army and National Guard, drawn upon
himself a well-merited castigation from an officer in
the army.
These publications have elicited from the Prefect of
Police the follewing proclamation :
cir‘c. —Citizens,—Dark rumours
ullaßtEeFfEecrTsuoltulO.dFayls°l;nicaEll ranks of society. Written
or verbal provocations are addressed by one part of the
population to the other. The duty of the Prefect of
Police is to watch at all times over the security 01
citizens and the tranquillity of Paris. The agitation
excited by these appeals to disorder has called forth
my solicitude. I hope that real Republicans Kill
understand that to-day more than ever the Go-
vernment should reckon on their energetic support.
At the moment when the representatives of the people
are about to unite, when the gravest questions are
aboutabout toto bombeecdisce eurssaedlil when Republican institutions are
realities, to receive with the acelaina
lions of popular sentiment the consecration of the pure
and deliberate judgment of the representatives of the
people, and assure its welfare, when in short all the
powers which constitute humanity are about to sanctify
the Republic, our idol, shall we, citizens, form two
hostile camps, and show the world, which has its eyes on
France, that at the foot of our monuments, where we
have inscribed " Libert 6, Egalite, Fraternit 6," children
of the same common mother are in arms against each
other ? Your magistrates, citizens, he, above all, ti at
you have called to the post which he could only oc•
cupy to conduce to the utmost of his means to the com-
mon security, will not believe such an error. The
struggle of arms, when the arena of free discussion is
opened, can only be the work of traitors to the Republio,
or mailmen wishing to bring the disorders of their own
imaginations into the social system. But the Republic
renounces them for her children—she has only given
birth to men of patriotic and generous minds, and it is to
real Republicans she will confide her destinies."
La Liberte announces as official that Count D'Ap-
rosy, the Austrian Ambassador, is about to quit
Paris for Vienna. He is to be followed by all the
other members of the embassy. The Austrian Go-
vernment has not yet acknowledged the French Re-
public. The affairs of the Austrian embassy are to
be conducted by Baron DR Timm, a diplomatist well
known and universally respected.
It was confidently rutnoured in Paris on Wednes-
day afternoon, that France had declared war against
Austria. The Constitutionnel of yesterday, however,
gives a positive contradiction to this rumour.
By a decree which appears in the Moniteur cotton
and wool are allowed to be imported by land as well
as by sea, on payment of 30 frtrics per 100 killo-
grammes.
The Provisional Government has communicated
the following to the journals on the subject of the
recent emeute at Rouen
rofoundly affected at the
events of Rouen. In accordance with his colleagues,the Minister of the Interior immediately sent
aspecial
" The Government has been p
Commissary, char ged
ed to collect every information, and
to convince himself by a serious investigation of the real
causes of the disturbances which have caused blood to
flow in the town. The Republic has its agitations, but
the Republic has its strength,
which should especially
display itself in moderation. The Provisional Govern-
ment, therefore, has learned the news of these disasters
with the greatest grief. .As soon as it shall fully know
all the facts, as soon as the documents which it has re-
ceived, and which it will receive from the judicial, civil,
and military authorities, shall have enabled it definitively.
to judge,
it will, without delay, act with the =par.
tislity and firmness which it derives from its origin. The
whole country will be made acquainted with the details
which the Government may obtain ; they interest all
the citizens."
M. DUSSART, the Commissary-General for the
department of the Seine Inferieure, has addressed
the following proclamation to the citizens of Rouen
and of the department in general, dated the 2d :
" Citizens !—The insensate conflicts which have
stained your two great manufacturing towns with blood
will have a most painful effect on every part of France,
they have imprinted upon the flag of our young and
glorious Republic a most afflicting spot. Called to
exercise the functions of Commisary- General of the de-
partment, my first care shall be to aid you in effacing
this blot, and to endeavour to establish among you solid

this dictatorship was a moral power exercised in the
midst of the difficult circumstances we have passed

through.
" Faithful to our origin and to our personal convie
tions, we have not hesitated to proclaim the infant
Republic of February.
" To-day we shall inaugurate the labours of the
National Assembly to the cry which ought always
to salute it, Vive hi Republique.' "
In the bureau, on the occasion of the President
rising to state the objections which had been made to
certain returns, M. Cremieux ascended the tribune,
and with great energy declared that the Provisional
Government had adopted for a rule, to make an ex-
ample of any public functionary who would use his
functions in his personal interest. This declaration
was received with great cheering and " Vive la 1.',6
publique," when the Member pointed at, whose name
was ascertained to he 011ivier, spoke some words in a
great passion, and a violent altercation took lace
between him and some other Members, and a great
scene of excitement ensued which lasted for seine
minutes ; afterwards the President of the Bureau
resumed the reading of the returns up to post hour.

PARIS BOURSE, Tunas])AY, MAY 4.
The Bourse opened very firm to day, and for a time
prices kept looking up; towards the close, however, a
slight reaction took place, leaving the closing prices,
however, a shade in advance of those of yesterday.
Threes 46f. 50c., and Fives at 68f. 50c. Bank of Frahce
shares slightly improved. The market closed as to!
lows :—Three per Cents., for cash, 46f. 50c., for acconui,
46t. 50c.; Five per Cents., for cash, 6Slf., for account;
681. 50c. Bank of France Shares, 1,410 f.; Neapolitan,
65f; Spanish not quoted.
RAILWAYS.—The Share Market has also improved to-
day. Paris and Orleans closed at 510 f.; Paris and
Rouen, 3951.; Rouen and Havre, 200 f.; Avignon, 200?.;
Vi, rzon, 240 f; Dieppe, 150 f.; Nantes, 3321.; Northern,
338 f. 75c.; Bordeaux, 395 f. ; Paris and Strasbt“ g,
352 f. 50c.; Paris and Lyons, 301 f, 25c.; Montereau, 120 f.
BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT TM.
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, Mar 4.
Boulogne and Amiens, 6%—Namur and Liege, 3t,<,
Northern of France, 334 —Orleans and Bordeaux, 13a—
Paris and Lyons, 2—Rouen and Havre, B—Sambre and
Meuse, 416.

GERMANY

AND

THE NORTHERN STATES.

AUSTRIA.

The Cologne Gazette of the 3d of 'May publishes
a letter from Vienna of the 27th ult., which states
that the presumptive heir to the throne, Archduke
FRANCIS JOSEPH, who is appointed Viceroy of Prague,
has gone to Verona to the head-quarters of Field-
Marshal Count RADETZKY. The late intelligence
from Italy respecting the submission of Frioul has
greatly encouraged the party who desired the recon-
ques t of Lombardy.
The province of Gallicia labours under a new diffi-
culty. An immense number of persons who were ba-
nished are now returning from Belgium, France, and
England. They completely inundate Cracow and the
neighbouring territory, and their cry is for weapons.
A deputation has arrived from Cracow, for the purpose
of proposing the formation of a special legion. On the
other hand, considerable apprehensions are entertained
of the rising of the peasants.

The Bourse appears to be again visited by depress,
ing reports, and the funds are going down eonsid r
ably. _

MORIG HARTMANN D. GRosz, and a landed pro-
prietor from Bohemia, have arrived as deputies from
the German party of Prague, for the purpose of sub•-
mitting the actual state of things to the Minister of
the Interior, and, above all, to urge the adoption of
powerful measures to oppose a strong barrier to the
increasing horrors of the separation of the PolU
party.