The Sun.
London, England, 1846-01-13 00:00:00

AYienin

I ONDON, TUESDAY. JANUARY 13. 1846.

It will be seen from two dispatches addressed by M.
GUIZOT to the French Ministers at London and Wash-
ington, published in another part of The Sun, that the
Government of Louis PHILIPPE has been for some time
convinced that the annexation of Texas to the United
States is fraught with great danger to France as
well as to England. We never had any doubt as to
the view which the KING and his sagacious Minister
would take of such a wanton aggression, but, owing
to the hostile feeling displayed towards this country
by a certain portion of the Paris press, and their
sympathy for the encroaching Americans, we hardly
expected that their convictions would be expressed in
such strong and unequivocal language. By acknow-
ledging the independence of Texas, the French Go-
vernment conceived that they had, to a certain extent,
established a barrier between the United States and
the defenceless republic of Mexico, and hoped that in
time a state would grow up sufficiently strong to ward
off further encroachments. But in this they were com-
pletely deceived and literally " taken in." A regular
plot had been formed between the chief men of the
new, independent, and free, republic of Texas and the
TYLERS and Pomis to disarm all opposition to the
annexation on the part of other powers. The Texian
chiefs professed their sole object was independence,
and all they required from England and France was
to recognise the territory as an independent state ;
and no sooner did they lead these two powers into
the snare than they carried out the plan concocted in
the United States, and joined that republic. Of
course no country had a right to object to the mea-
sure. The Texians were free, and might do what
they liked with their own. They are nearly all of
Anglo• Saxon race ; they consider themselves too
weak yet to stand alone, and they, therefore, coalesce
with their strongest neighbour, to whom they are
bound by so many affinities and interests.
The ace smplishment of this nefarious trans-
action was effected by deep and selfish
cunning, and its astonishing success, as well as the
very humiliation of England and France, which had
been so egregiously duped, have emboldened the rulers
of the United States to put forth higher pretensions,
and to claim the sole right of managing affairs in the
New World. M. GUIZOT expresses his just appre-
hensions at seeing the overgrown republic extending
its frontier to the Rio Grande, and thereby coming
into immediate contact with Mexico ; for it was the
wish of the French Government that a powerful
state should be created in that quarter, w ith a view
to protect Mexico against further encroachments. Bat
in that he has been disappointed, and he, therefore,
candidly declares that " the French Government
cannot behold such an occurrence with indifference."
Louis PHILIPPE and his Ministers would be hopelessly
blind if they did, for the uncontrolled dominion of the
American Republic in the New World would be as
dangerous to France as the uncontrolled dominion of
Russia or Austria, or England in Europe. But if
such were the feelings of the French Cabinet twelve
months ago, what are they now, when POLE, with
the most reckless daring, has defied all the
European Powers, and forbidden them either
to establish colonies in the northern hemi-
sphere, or interfere in any way whatever
with the policy of the United States ? It is only sur-
prising that a bond of union has not already been
formed by these states, and a manifesto issued, pro-
testing, in the strongest terms, against such lawless as-
sumption. America is now only ten or twelve days' sail
from Europe; it is connected with many of the States
by the closest ties of commerce, policy, and other in.
terests ; it must always have a great influence on the
affairs of England, France, Prussia, and Russia, and
can they submit tamely to be interdicted from using
their influence in turn ? But the affair requires no
discussion. Every careful observer can see that the
object of POLK and his party is continued encroach-
ment and additional conquests. General CASs, who
seems to be the favorite orator of the Senate, and
the right-hand man of the PRESIDENT, openly
declared in that assembly that "he would go for
all future extensions of our general area, where they
could be rightfully made (witness Texas). There was
nothing to fear from the extension of our borders,"
and then he broke out in violent language against
Great Britain, and after such admissions about
extending their "general area," grievously
complained that they " had been charged as
an ambitious and grasping nation." No
European State would now dare to make use of
such flimsy pretexts for universal dominion, and for
the good of the people themselves they must be un-
deceived. They are still sadly deficient in civiliza-
tion al d in many of the primary virtues necessary to
consolidate a great state. They require, therefore, for
some time longer the European schoolmaster
to teach them the distinctions between meum and tuum,
to teach them that honesty is the best policy, that
they should pay off their old scores before they con-
tract new debts, and that England and France will
not stand by idle while they are extending their
"general area" to the Isthmus of Panama.

The visitors of Trinity College, Dublin, have dis-
missed the appeal of the Roman Catholic student
seeking admission to one of the scholarships of the
College. They could do no otherwise. It was their
part to interpret the existing statutes of the College ;
and the published opinion of their legal assessor
(Judge KEATINGE), must satisfy every one that the
scholarships and fellowships of Trinity College, Dub-
lin, are confined by the statutes to Protestants. That
is the law. The visitors cannot alter it. But other
parties can. And the next question is, should it not
be altered ?

In Belfast, Galway, and Cork, a Conservative Go-
vernment has planted three colleges, in which Pro-
testant and Catholic students are to mingle on equal
terms, and all posts of honour and emolument are to
be open equally to meJlbers of any Christian per-
suasion. Can it be said of religious equality that it
is a good thing in Belfast and a bad thing in Dublin ?
Sir R. PEEL has given a Roman Catholic president
to one of the new colleges. But, while the very
highest academical post is thus to be filled by a
Roman Catholic clergyman in Cork, the very lowest
place in the foundation of Trinity College, Dublin, is
inaccessible to a Roman C'ttholic. Where is the con-
sistency or common sense of this ?
Ohl but it may be said that the very establishment
of these three unsectarian colleges in Ireland takes
awair from the Roman Catholic all ground of cora-

plaint at exclusion from Trinity College. So it has
been said that, since the establishment of the Uni-
versity of London, the English Dissenters have no
reason to complain of exclusion from Oxford and
Cambridge. But new colleges do not enter the race
on equal terms with others of ancient name, hallowed
by innumerable associations, and fortified by wealth
and privileges accumulated through centuries ; and
if the Roman Catholics of Ireland wish for a proof of
this, they have only to look at the University of Lon-
don, still struggling against prejudices, and having re-
ceived to this day no aid which is worthy to be men-
tioned from the Government, in its arduous competi-
tion with the time-honoured and richly-endowed
Universities of Oxford and Cambridge. But,
after all, this is not a question of whether
Roman Catholics and Dissenters complain or not, but
whether unsectarian colleges are benefits, and ex-
clusive colleges, evils or not. That unsectarian col-
leges are benefits, and exclusive colleges evils, was
the principle of last year's Irish Colleges Bill. This►
is an intelligible principle. To continue to coddle and
nurse an exclusive college in Dublin, is to tamper
with this principle. If colleges should be unsecta-
rian, Trinity College, Dublin, should be made un-
sectarian also. This is not a case in which compro-
mise or compensation is admissible. We presume
that Ireland is not to be legislated for on the principle
that she must have some of both—some religious
liberty, and some Protestant ascendancy—that she
likes, and does not like, Protestant ascendancy,—
" Non tecum nec sine to vivere possum."

Queen ELIZABETH, who founded Trinity College,
founded and endowed it, we are told, to be a nurser 3
for the Protestant Church in Ireland ; but Queen
ELIZABETH'S intention is no bar to the Legislature.
We need not here enter into the question whether a
gift to the State from a private individual hinds, or
should bind, the State to perpetual observance
of his will ; here the founder is the head of
the nation, acting in a public capacity.
It was for the national benefit that Queen
ELIZABETH consecrated Trinity College to the ad-
vancement of the Protestant religion ; and succeeding
Sovereigns have followed her in tying up its honours
and emoluments to the believ.irs in that one form of
Christianity which they have sought to thrust upon
Ireland—how vainly, is known to all the world. It
has now come to be generally admitted that the Pro-
tPstant religion has suffered in Ireland by all the
forcing which has been used, and that the interests of
true religion do not require exclusive seminaries of
education. Is Queen ELIZABETH'S intention then to
prevent us from applying the wisdom, bought by the
experience of two centuries and a half, to legislation
for Ireland?

While the genius of Protestanism in Dublin for-
mally excludes a Roman Catholic from a scholarship,
Protestant Oxford is at its wits-end to prevent a
Roman Catholic in everything but name from scan-
dalizing her Protestant pulpit. Dr. PUSEY'S
period of suspension from preaching before the
University of Oxford has expired; and on the Ist of
Febuary he is to preach the University sermon.
Dr. PUSEY has not gone over to the Roman Catholic
Church, as Mr. N EWMAN, Mr. WARD, Mr. FABER,
and Mr. OAK ELEY have done ; but can Protestant
Oxford, can the Church of England, in which Dr.
PUSEY holds the dignity of a canon, do nothing to
prevent him from continuing to preach from her pul-
pits doctrines whose tendency is proved (if it requires
proof) by the many conversions among his followers.
" That the doctrines I taught at Elton," writes one
of these converts, Mr. FABER, on the 9th of last
month, to Mr. GEORGE RormisoN, Rector of Cran-
ford, " which were what is vulgarly called Puseyism,
were Roman, I entertain no doubt, but I was not aware
of it myself Other parties who condemned Puseyism
NS Roman were more clear-sighted." And again—
" I do most fully confess, that in my judgment sub-
mission to the Roman Church is the legitimate and only
consistent end of Puseyism." Dr. PUSEY is now
engaged in editing a series of Jesuit writers, in the
preface to the first of which (Sunni) he expresses
" his sense of the great value of the practica
hints, and temperate and thoughtful cautions'
—in "A hat book does the reader think ?

•" in

Mr. WARD'S recent book on our existing
practical corruptions"—the -book for w hich Oxford
degraded Mr. WARD from his degree, and which out-
raged all English Protestant feeling by its abuse of
the Reformation. And this Dr. PUSEY is Canon of
Christ Church, and a Professor of the University of
Oxford, and is to mount the University pulpit on✓ the
Ist of next month ! Where is the Bishop of OXFORD ?
Or is there is a Bishop of Oxford ?

In accordance with that death movement among
the agriculturists, to which we particularly alluded
in our last, a rather important demonstration was

made yesterday in the public 'assembly-rooms in St.
James's-street. Animated with a sense ofrecklessness,
and spurred on by a knowledge of their critical and
precarious position, these earth-property orators, or,

to use still more appropriate language, these mouth-
pieces of a despairing land-proprietorship, are
becoming each successive day more violent in their
vituperations upon the League, more virulent
in their sarcasm, more resolute in their a.sumptions,
more lavish of their rhetorical and statistical so
phi*try. No statement is too palpably insufficient
for their utterance; no allusion is too hackneyed for
their application of it to themselves; no facts are

too meagre and flimsy as a foundation to their num-
berless and monstrous theories. With particular
reference to the Chairman of this meeting in the
metropolis, namely, his Grace the Duke of Ilicn -
MOND, we shall content ourselves with remarking
that his reasonings appear to be as sincere as
they are decidedly unstable—that his earnestness

is only surpassed by the paucity and inefficacy of his
propositions. Lord BEAUMONT, however, demands a
most remarkable scrutiny : his metaphors are of such
enormous compass, his deductions are so extrava-
gantly irrational, and his whole view of the question
at issue is so distorted and be-patched. Surely no
imagination but his Lordship's could embrace the
possibility of our representative (on some remote oc-
casion subsequent to the abolition of the corn-laws)
" bending in lowly guise at the foot of the American
President, and begging of him in mercy to spare
the English a little bread, because (forsooth !) of
a scarcity in England coincident with a scarcity
throughout Europe." A lmirable sagacity of de-
duction ! Most incontrovertible of positions! Thus,
according to the insinuations of his Lordship; the he-
mispheres are occupied simply by the American and
European continents. Lord BEAUMONT would, by

the movement of his lips, tacitly annihilate all Asiatic
and African territories, besides submerging by a ne •
gative the whole of Australia and the bulk of our
colonial possessions. A more vague figure of speech
can scarcely be conceived, or one more audaciously
beyond the swallowing powers of common
sense ; and yet, so greatly did the wishes of
the auditors preponderate over their reasoning facul-
ties, that the supposition was greeted with the most
hearty and vehement applause. In the declaration,
however, which followed immediately afterwards
the noble speaker surpassed even himself.
" He understood protection to mean such a system
of legislation as would secure an abundant supply to
the consumer; in fact, give the consumer as much
as possible, consistently with a fair price to the pro-
ducer." There is an infinite amount of plausibility
in this definition of " protection"—admirably accurate
as a summary of what protection ought to be—but most
wonderfully visionary as a portraiture of what at is.
The " protection " which in reality arouses the ad-
miration of Lord BEAUMONT, is protection to the pro-
ducer exclusively, while the consumer, with exquisite
impartiality, is left to shift for himself, under a kind
of impotent self•protection. Such are a few of
the fragmentary monstrosities which float in
myriads along the gurgite vasto of such
speeches as the one uttered by my Lord BEAUMONT.
As indications of the political hurricane which is
about to extinguish for ever these agricultural mo-
nopolists, they are interesting enough ; but, as sen-
sible and manly arguments against their opponents,
they are worse than untenable—they are prepos-
terous. They at once afford to the members of the
League a subject for the smile of self-assurance and
the laughter of derision.

We have received Madrid journals of the sth, with
the report of the discussion on the Address in the
Chamber of Deputies, the result of which we gave
yesterday, as communicated by a telegraphic disprAtch
to Paris. The only part in the debate of the slikAtest