The Sun.
London, England, 1848-05-04 00:00:00

E SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, MAY 4, 18413.

Administration —a Diet consisting of two Cham-
bers, a Senate, an.-I a Chamber of 383 Deputies—
a quintennial Parliament— freedom of conscience
and liberty of worship—liberty of speech--liberty or
the press, and abolition of censorship--liberty of pe-
titioning—inviolability of person—prohibition of do-
miciliary visits—maintenance of the secrecy of corre-
spondence—trial by jury—a national guard—and
tht
annual submission of the budget of receipts and payments
of the State, including the cost of a standing army,
the imposition of taxes, the collection of tithes, th-
alienation of State property, and the distribution of
the civil list, Before decision of the national repre-
sentatives! the mind can grasp the actuality
of this concession on the part of the Emperor FER-
DINAND, it is almost startled into incredulity by the
very signature which is appended to the decree as s
official corroboration. FERDINAND of Hapsburg
Lorraine seems at the first blush to be a glorious joke
at the tail of such a document. ll4ppily, however.
for Austria, the imperial autograph is countersigned
by the signatures of five distinguished statesmen—
FICQUELMANT, Minister of Foreign Affairs,
and President pro tem.,
PILIARSDORFF, Minister of the Interior,
KRAUS, Minister of Finance,
SOMMARUGA, Minister of Public Instruction,
ZANINI, Minister of War,—
names which must for ever be associated with the
emai,cipattun of the Austrian dominions.

We cannot as yet learn the impression created in
the mind of Mr. MITCHELL by the very unexpected
reception accord-d by the Repealers of Limerick to
the "prosecuted patriots." It is more than probable
that the Learned Gentleman, who—however reckless
and impetuous he may be in other respects, is fully
alive to the main chance, and well aware of the im
portance of permitting the public curiosity to Tertian.
hn.atisfied until the next publication of the United
Irishman, wi'l reserve all explanation until the ap
pearance of the war journal un Saturday next. \V
are, however, tavoured with the views of sir.
MEAGHER on the untoward event, detailed by him to
the Coufe erates assembled in the southern metro-
polis, Cork; and those of Mr. SMITH O'BRIEN may
be conceived from the fact, that in the first instance.
he had decided on resigning the representation ot
Limerick, and abandoning for ever the cares and tu-
niult3 of political life. Unfortunately, however, for
his own peace and tranquillity, and we will add, tor
that of the nation also, he has again altered this
prudent resolution, and the Imperial Legislature, the
aiusic•ball in Abbey-street, or the Rotunda, will
again resound to his eloquent denunciation of Saxon
taws and Saxon government.

Mr. MEAGHER openly confesses the "deep and
poignant grief," " the s':ame and humiliation" which
he telt at the transaction, which, "for a time at least,
obscured the hopes in which he had fervently ant
passionately indulged for the last few weeks, and
which had created tears in his 'wart which he had

thought the circumstances of the cJuntry had for-
hidden ever to rise within it." He ascribes the

tumult (and with much apparent reason) to the in
dignation that was excited in the minds of the
people by the articles that had appeared in
the United Irishman, reflecting upon the political
character and conduct of the departed patriot, who
had achieved for the Irish nation their emancipation
from the bonds with which bigotry and intolerance
had invested them. A Roman Catholic clergyman
(and we honour him for su doing, for he could not
nave anticipated the nature and violence of the dis-
turbance that subsequently took place) called upon the
people to repudiate a compliment intended for a man
who had coolly and deliberately given utterance to
such sentiments, and slandered the memory of their
revered leader. This might, and in all human pro-
bability had, the effect of stimulating the passions
of the people to the
outmost pitch, of induc-
ing them to burn the effigy, and to inflict
personal chastisement upon the caluminator ; but it
could not have so excited them against his associates
and their own fellow-citizens, did they not entertain
a profound horror fur the sanguinary sentiments
enunciated by the Young Irelanders, and their openly
announced determination of involving their native
i land in all the carnage, the miseries, and the deso•
lation inseparable froni a state of civil war. The in-
JI to O'C;ONNELL caused the cup to overflow, but it
was already filled to the very brim, and the least
addition was certain to occasion such a result. The
interposition of the military and police on behalf of
the beleaguered confederates is alluded to in touching
language. After describing the attack on the store,
and the destruction of the crockery, Mr. MEAGRE&

proceeds :
" The consequence was, that the authorities were at
last compelled to interfere ; the bugles were sounded,
and every soldier of the garrison was drawn out. They
swept the streets, and it was by the very power against
hich we are arrayed—and it is after all the most humiliat-
ing and depressing circumstance of the whole oecurrence,
that the very power by which we have been enslaved—
the very power which we curse—the very power which
we called on the people to arm against—that the very
power, wt, last night speaking sentiments that were
hostile to them—detending the cause of Ireland's liberty
against English usurpation—had to feel grateful, or if
not grateful, at least respectful—that was the circum•
stance, I say, that caused me the deepest humiliation."
Yes, that indeed, was the unkindest cut of all.
CIESAR, when expiring, and uttering his last re-
proach, "Et to Brute," could not have felt
de•-per indignation than the agitators at finding them-
selves actually protected from the mobs they desired
to excite by the civil force. That Mr. MEAGHER
should be escorted by policemen, if they were con-
ducting him to a place of security to answer for some
open and advising speaking or writing, would be na
ural enough, but that the police, in place of detaining
him in custody, and vigilantly guarding him against
any attempt at escape, should be engaged in warding
off the kicks and cuffs with which the patriot was
assailed by the multitude, that was indeed a degrada-
tion to be " deplored and passionately bewailed."
•I'ith what countenance can he henceforth revile his
preservers, or slight their power, when he has
nimself, witnessed its efficiency, and seen its
magical effect in dispersing the crowds
which he had fondly hoped might prevail
against it. He must now be thoroughly aware of the
utter futility of such an expectation, the folly of sup-
posing that an undisciplined and divided mob could
defeat a properly-organized and efficient body of
picked and well-selected men.
Although we cannot sympathise with, we can fully
understand the causes of Mr. MEAGisEa's bitter
regret at the transactions which have taken place at
Limerick. He must discern in it the termination of
his own career as an agitator—the destruction of all
his cherished aspirations. It has taught him, that in
Place of a nation rising in insurrection to procure his
discharge from the incarceration he had merited
for his fl ;gluons attempt to disturb the public tran-
quillity, and to excite the whole nation to open in-
surrection, he will be suffered to remain in his cell
without any effort being made fur his release, save
through the tame and common-place medium of pe-
titions and applications for mercy and forgive-
ness, which—if they are grounded on a sincere
and firm determination on his part to
conduct himself fur the future as a good and loyal
citizen, to renounce all sedition and violation of the
aw, and to apply his unquestionable talents to legi-
timate pursuits, we shall
gladly see successful. •

haps, be protracted for a while in consequence of the
-xtraordinary power and stringent precautions 01
itussia, and owing, perhaps, to a diminution of ardour
snd hopefulness on the part of the Poles themselves, b
necessary consequence of their longenslavement. Never
theless, during that unhappy period the spirit of Polish
nationality, we would fain believe, was not dead, but
sleeping, for a people's nationality, as the Italians
declared in their recent manifesto, cannot be anni-
hilated—it is as indestructible as are the high prin•
ciples from which its existence is derived. Hence
took to the future of Poland with anxious interest,
hut without fear. The day of regeneration is at
hand, if not so near as we could wish. That spirit
of independence which the death of liosclustio could
not destroy will survive all the insidious attempts 01
a Russian police. Prince CRARTORYSILL one of the
most prominent of the Polish patriots, has, or,
leaving Berlin, addressed a letter to Baron Vol.
ARNIM, in which he deprecates the conduct of
Prussia, in not establishing the independence of
the Grand Duchy of Posen. "I arrived at Berlin,"
he says, " full of hope. Prussia, the organ of the
generous sentiments of all Germany, seemed to desire
that she might be the first to undertake the reparation
of a great injustice. She offered not merely to per-
form the faithful execution of the promises she had
made in 1815, but, by new acts of benevolence to
that part of Poland which she holds under dominion,
-o efface the vestiges of ancient ii juries, to put an
end to recriminations, and to strengthen Germany by
the gratitude of the Poles. I quit Berlin with a
heart heavy from the disappointment of
these bright anticipations." We should he loth to
coincide in the gloomy lamentations of the Polish
Prince. We should be most reluctant to believe that
the Germans, now filled with exultation in their
newly-asserted independence, will feel no sympathy
with a neighbouring nation who, stimulated by their
ple of all Europe, is anxious
example, and by the exam
to participate in those national prerogatives from
which it has hitherto been most unrighteously ex-
‘iluded. Neither are we disposed to believe that
FREDERICK WILLIAM, who has hitherto
seemed desirous of leading the van of the
popular movement, will destroy his liberal
reputation by refusing to co-operate in a
cause so righteous in itself, and so peculiarly im-
portant to every European nation. Nevertheless, even
if Germany respond not to the appeal of Poland—
if FREDERICK WILLIAM venture to emulate the con-
duct of NICHOLAS, the Poles, so far from despairing,
will only display new resolution. Let them re-
member that, after all, a nation's best defender is an
unanimous people. The advice of BYRON to the
Greeks is always appropriate to every nation similarly
situated. He bade them " trust for freedom" to no

one—for
" In native swords, and native ranks,
The only hope of freedom dwells."
But, however other nations may conduct them-
selves, the sympathy of England will be alwa3s
with the Poles, and if it is only our sympathy that
we now offer, it is because we feel assured that the
emancipation of Poland will be far more effectually
and speedily secured by an European peace. Tne
moral effects of the great changes now transpiring
will ere long be manifest. And we venture to hope
that before the friends of Poland hold another annual
meeting, the predictions uttered yesterday by Lord
DVDLET STUART may be realised, and the lamenta-
tions of Lord BEAUMONT rendered unnecessary.

THE FRENCH REPUBLIC.

PROCEEDINGS AT PARIS:

I request you, in the name of the Provisional Govern.
tn. nt, to accei!e to my desire, being pers,uad( d that at h
future day the entire department will thank you for the,
new act of patriotism.
"` Ilealth and Fraternity.

«' LEDRU ROLLIN.

" Paris, April 28."
" Citizens,--The Provisioral Government has though
proper to make a new appeal to my devotion. I will
respond to its confidence. Notwithstanding my wishes
so often expressed, notwithstanding my family interest,
and private affairs, I will continue at the head of the
t)epartment of that North, in compliance with the ex
press orders of the Provisional Government, and
iesire of the lion. Minister of the Interior. Citizt-
Ledru Rollin. I will remain amongst you; and if the
tnxiety to do good, the con-ciousnt ss of your wants.
the deep sentiment of order and conciliation, have an:,
:weight in your eyes, I am convinced that you will at--
..!ord to me your co-oreration; it is my sincerest wish.
and to that end all my endeaveurs will tend. I latel)
:Teemmended you to fir-get all differences of opinion—
to labour in common to consolidate the Republic. I wi I
tot change my language. I will he understood by th.
'nod citizens, and, in the present difficult circumstanc..,
all will concur in the immortal device of the revoluti,
of February—Liberty, Equality, Fraternity.
" • CH. DELECLUZE, the Commissary General.
" ' Lille, April '29, 1848:
" The Lille journals," adds the Constitufionnel,
Inform us that this intelligence had caused in iii
city a sort of stupefaction. The retirement of M. i) e
eluz, after the el ctions haul been announc,d by hints,
almost officially during a visit paid to him eight days ag.
by a great number of efficers of the National Guard
lie had even observed that he was most thsireus to resin
tunctions he had always regauded as essentially tem
porary, and that he most earne,tly wished to re-en's
private life and resume the direction of the Journal at
Valenciennes, of which he was the editor on the 24th 0!
February last. That assurance had powerfully contri-
buted to restore 'at Lille the tranquillity that reign,
there during the elections. The Minister of the Interior
rod M. Delieluze have, it appears, altered their minds
since their result was known. The electoral struggle in
the Department of the North was, nevertheless, disastrous
for the system of exatigeratiiin,Of which M. Dt4cluze hr.d
constituted himself the fervent partisan. The r.-aults art
Agnificent. The moderate Republicans have all beet.
returned, and the only Exaltes who have succeeded wer'
carried on both lists. M. Lamartine obtained 227,765:
votes; M. Corse, 199.935; M. Ledru Rollin, 42,173.
N. llejitneiu!stt3 General of the department, e,r4,3.403. Such i sth e tri
af
b tuititect,l
theny l
Commissary
having agitated during two months the honest and ill-
dustrious population of the manufacturing districts, at
the risk of totally ruining the manufactures, lately so
flourishing, of that rich province—after dismissing in
mass the mayors and justices of the peace, assisting the
deplorable expedition to Belgium, and engaging against
a courageous magistrate in a struggle in which right
and reason prevailed, thanks to the intervention of the
Provisional Government. These are, no doubt, the
'enormous' services of M. Delecluze, and it is to re-
compense him the Minister of the Interior has awarded
him a civic crown in the name of the Government. Can
this be the case? We doubt it. In the meantime we
trust that the population of Lille, co energetic and in-
telligent, will show itself in this circumstance calm ate-
moderate. In a few days the National Assembly
meet; and the regimen it will adopt will no doubt be a
regimen of real liberty and fraternity: we shall then
have a real republic. If the same insane attempts as
those of Rouen and Elbeuf were repeated at Lille,
there, as elsewhere, the good sense and firmness of the
entire population, armed for the defence of social rights
in the ranks of the National Guard, will suffice to defeat
,hem."
The following additional returns are published in
the Moniteur
:
ALPES (HAUTE).—MM. Allier, Bellegarde, and Faure.
ARDECHE.—Valarlier, mayor of Valli ; Chamohanet,
ph) sician ; D'Hauteville, colonel of engine.ers; Chez.llon,
engineer; Laurent, judge; Royal, president of toe on,
of Tournon ; Rouveure, vitt-dresser ; Sibour,
ecclesiastic; Mathieu, president of the tribunal of Ar•

test to that body against the course pursuer 7
with respect to them. They declare that the lmA
if August 4th, 1839, consecrates the principle tht,
such officers have a right to be maintained
heir rank, and consequently the late decree is
manifest injustice; they declare also that the sail
lecree is a cruel attack on their patriotic sentiment.
and honour; they deny the right of the Provisional
Government to break the law which protects tilt-
,rmy ; and they affirm, in conclusion, that the deci
ion of all the questions relating to the military fore,
4* France, the principal basis to the national inde•
,endence, can belong only to a Government detini

.ively constituted.
The accounts received from the disturbed district,
:re more favourable. Slight disturbances have takes
)lace in several towns, but there have been no addi
Tonal collisions, nor have any more lives been lust
[he only pace which is still in a state of anarchy it,

„i tnoges.
The Austrian Ambassador, Count D'APONY, left
i'aris on Tuesday for Vienna; a chars' d'affaires has
teen left in Paris.
M. THUMB has been brought forward as a canal-
late fur the department of the Seine Inferieure, ii•
ne event of M. DE LAMARTINE electing to sit fin
Paris, as he no doubt will.
BOURSE, PARIS, MAY 3.
THREE o'CL, CK.-The market opened with a decided
endow). down ft at ds. and there was at first every appear
awe ut rattier a stn.- rt, tall, but mailers improved tow arits
tie end, and prices closed with only a slight decline. The
Fives opened at 68i„ went down to 67 t. and then closed at
.iBf. 25c., being a tall of 75e.; the Tht ee per Cents. opened
It 451. 50e., went down to 441. 75c., and closed at 46'.,
ut
50.:. low. r than the last price of the day before. There
was considerable interest manifested to day about the
toiling prices of the Rente, this being the last day befort
die opening of the National Assembly, and the day':
,iroceedings being generally called amongst speculator,
.y the name of the Bourse de l'Ouverture de l'Assem
.lee." Bank of France Shares have varied but little.
~,no closed at 1,3951., or 51. lower. Belgian Fives (1840)
are 11. lower, closing at 611. Human has risen 4, being
last done at 554. Rwhschild's Receipts have again risen
21. closing at 631. 75c. Buns du Tie,or were at
.32k pt r cent. loss. Railway Shares are lower, particu-
larly Orleans, which show a tall of 211. 25c., closing at
4981. 75c.; Ruueu have fallen 101., closing at 3801.;
Lyons, 31. 75c.; Bordeaux, 2f. 50c., at 390 f.; Havre,
21. 50c., at 1851.; Northern have risen 21. 50c,,
clusine
at 332 f. 50c.; Strasburg, If. 25c., at 3501. The charge
,or cashing a I,ooof. note is-- now exceedingly low, not
inure than 2f. 50c. French gold is at 251., end tht
English sovereign at 23f. 50c. The Exchange on Len
:ion fur one month is 25f. 10c., and 4 per cent., which
swing put down at about 25c., places it at 25f. 35c.; fat
three months it is 25f. 10e. alone.
BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT Till