The Sun.
London, England, 1870-09-06 00:00:00

THE WEATHER. AND THE CROPS.

Harvest work, the Magnet says, has now been about
brought to a conclusion, and despite the gloomy fore-
bodings entertained at the commencemnnt of the
season of a failure of the crops from the severe
drought, the results on the whole has not
been unfavourable. Certainly the spring corn
crops have fallen short of the average to the extent in
some instances of about 30 per cent., but the general
good quality of the produce, and the excellent condition
in which it has been secured, will in some measure
counterbalance the shortcomings of a deficient yield.

Harvest operations, Bell's- Messenger thinks, were
interrupted by the broken weather of theearly part of the
week, but considerable progress has been made during the
last four days of the se'imight with the late crops. In the
North of Scotland, however, much is still outstanding in
the fields, and a continuance of fine weather is
looked for to enable farmers to complete carry-
ing. On the other hand the pastures and the root
crops have improved under the influence of the
rain that has fallen, though the season is too far advanced
to hope for any considerable improvement. Water is still
scarce in many parts of the country, and great complaints
are heard of the mill streams being dried up, and of the
insufficiency of motive power. The corn trade during the
past week has been in a state of great inactivity, and prices
have had a downward tendency.
The Mark Lane Express says:—"The week opened with
a fine rain, which has much refreshed the meadows, with-
out harm to the corn ; and the following days being of a
fine autumnal character, a considerable quantity. of out-
standing sheaves have since been gathered in fair order.
With all these favourable circumstances and the con-
tinued defeats of the French armies promising to
hasten on the return of peace, our wheat trade has fur-
ther given way as regards new corn to the extent of ls.
to 2s. per qr.,: while our heavy supplies of foreign oats
having outstripped the immediate wants of France, this
grain has again been tending downwards, many importers
preferring a first loss to landing, and incurring the usual
heavy charges.

The death by drowning of Lord Aberdeen has
been confirmed.

The two boys Everson and Farrell, against whom
a coroner's jury returned a verdict of manslaughter for
kicking to death a boy of five years of age, named Arthur
Lane, were brought up at the Thames police-court on
Saturday and committed for trial.
A marriage is arranged between Mr. Thornew.ill,
of Dover Cliff, Staffordshire, and Miss Annie Gladstone,
daughter of Mr. Robertson Gladstone, of Court-hey, near
Liverpool, and niece of the Prime Minister.—Court
Journal.

The office of Government astronomer at Sydney,
New South Wales, is v9,caut by the death of Mr. George
K. Smalley, 8.A., F.R.A.S. It is of the annual value of
£6OO, and is in the gift of the Premier of the colony.
We learn that the establishment of the Board of
Trade will shortly be reduced. A vacancy caused by a
recent death will not be filled up, and we understand that
five other clerkships will also be abolished.—Civil Service
Gazette.

On Saturday four inquests were held at Black-
heath on children found murdered ! The coroner believed
there was a baby-farming house in the neighbourhood,
from which place the poor innocents were brought.

' It is evident from what we learn of the financial embar-
rassments rapidly springing up ir. France, and the
difficulty of the Prussian Government to raise a loan
among capitalists of a hundred and twenty millions of
thalers, that money still constitutes the sinews of war,
and that the money difficulties may yet lead to an early
terms' ation of the conflict. We have noticed heretofore
the suspension of specie payments and the proposed issue
of paper money in France ; now we learn that only fifty
millions of the Prussian loan had been taken. -The
loan amounts to about eighty millions of dollars of our
money—a small sum, comparatively, for a great nation--
yet little more than about thirty-four millions in American-
money had been taken, although King William him-
self had subscribed for half a million, and one
German manufacturer for a million. Capitalists are
unwilling, evidently, to invest in the loan. No people
hold their money with a tighter grip than the Germans,
and however patriotism may boil over they will rather
invest in the safe and well-paying securities of the United
States. But why did not the Prussian Government try
a popular loan in small sums, as Napoleon did in France
on several occasions with great success ? The amount of
a hundred and twenty millions of thalers or three br four
times that sum ought to be raised in this way easy enough
if the Germans are as patriotic or have as much confidence
in their Government as the French. We suspect, how-
ever, that the close-fisted and calculating German capi-
talists do not like the form of the loan or the way in which
it is put. In view of these financial difficulties so
early in the war with both the belligerents and the
stupendous cost of carrying on such a gigantic struggle
there may be a chance of peace at no distant day,
Should the war continue long, however, there must
come the most terrible crash and suffering
and such a flood of paper money as Europe has rarely
seen. If the war were to become general in Europe
almost every nation these would be bankrupt. The
aggregate debts of England, France, Russia, Austria,
Italy, Spain, and Prussia amount to near twelve thousand
millions of dollars. That of England is about a third of
the whole, or near four thousand millions of dollars ;
that of France near three thousand millions of dollars ;
of Russia over twelve hundred. millions ; of Austria 'over
thirteen hundred millions; of Italy near eleven hundred
millions; of Spain over eight hundred millions; and of
Prussia more than two hundred millions. Taking the
debts of the other States of Germany the whole German
indebtedness would amount, probably, to near four
hundred millions. Germany, then, as far as its debts
are concerned, is in a more favourable situation than
the other Powers, but still the cost of this stupendous
war will try its financial capacity to the utmost.
Looking at these overwhelming debts we can readily
understand why England and the other Powers are
anxious to prevent the war spreading and to see it closed
as soon as possible. Twelve thousand millions and up- -
wards of debt has been .created in Europe in dynastic
wars and to gratify the ambition of a few men and royal
families. And how many millions of lives have been
sacrificed for the same purpose ? The flower of the _
people are used for the slaughter with no more con-
cern than if they were so many cattle, and the masses--
have to pay the cost by their labour. The people of
Europe are kept with their noses to the grindstone and in
wretched poverty to pay for the wars of their ambitious
rulers. Surely this cannot last much longer in this
enlightened age. A day of reckoning must come. A
revolution is silently at work, and whenever it is ripe these
enormous monarchical debts may be swept away as•were
the debt and ancient institutions of France at the close of
the last century.—New York Herald.

DE FAILLY'S DEATH AT SEDAN. - The
Times' military correspondent, writing from Sedan,
immediately after the final struggle there, says :—" The
Prussian forces numbered about 220,000, and the French
about 110,000. By two o'clock on the afternoon of
Friday nearly all, the wounded were collected,
and the dead were being rapidly interred.
The principal losses were near Sedan and Bazeille, and
the mitrailleuses worked with deadly effect
in this direction. The French made no at-
tempt at intrenching their position. Their cavalry
showed the same incapacity that has cliarac-
racterised them throughout this war. One whole brigade
of light cavalry, without being pressed, took refuge in the
woods and crossed the frontier. The losses on both si-les
must have been very considerable. In a little valley near
Bazeille lay the bodies of De Failly, his aide-de-camp,
and both their horses, all killed by one shell. His incapa-
city had been the main cause of Maalahon's defeat at
Woerth, and it was his corps that was surprised at Mon-
zon, but he died a soldier's death, and
" Nevermore on him shall sorrow light, or shame."

NAPOLEON'S SURRENDER.-It would be difficult
to say to what extent the Emperor's captivity was with
him a matter of choice. That he could have escaped if
he had wished it may be argued from the ease with which
14,000 soldiers of MacMahon's army crossed over to Bed
gium at the moment of the final defeat. But he seemel-
determined to share the fortunes of his army to the
last. He was unable to fall wit those who fell :he
made up his mind to be taken with hose who were taken.
The vanquished Monarch has hal an interview with his
conqueror. The King of Prussia „bears witness to the
dignified bearing of his illustrious prisoner. The captive
Emperor's journey through Belgium to his temporary
destination at Wilhelmshohe, near Cassel, is telegraphed
from almost every station, and when last heard of he
was on the point of entering Prussian territory at Ver-
viers.--Time,s.

LEB CE UF'S T Rue u LEN E. —M. 011ivier, according
to a German paper, recently gave the following account
of the circumstances under which war was declared :
" When the news of the Prince of Hohenzollern's
renunciation arrived in Paris, the Ministers met at the
Tuileries. The matter was thorOughly discussed, and
the majority of the Cabinet determined, in conse-
quence of this signal satisfaction, to take a concilia-
tory course. The Emperor, who, according to his custom,
had till then kept silence, rose, and for a moment retired
to a little distance, a pause ensued, and most of the Minis-
also left their seats, in order to smoke a cigar and talk
unconstrainedly in the ante-room. Only three stayed
behind—Segris, Maurice Richard, and Leboeuf. The
last was greatly excited when the votes were taken, and
exclaimed in a desperate tone, as he rapped his knuckles
on the desk, " 0 mon Dieu ! 0 mon Dieu ! " The
Minister of Fine Arts stepped up to him and said, " Pray
compose yourself, Marshal ; we have to do with the first
military Power of Europe. Are you quite prepared ?"
" Are we prepared ! " cried Leboeuf jumping up like a
tiger, " prepared as France has never been and never will
be again. Believe me, my dear colleague, if my respect
for the Emperor did not restrain me, I would not hold
office an hour longer." As these last words were pro-
nounced the Emperor with the other Ministers returned,
and even he appeared more excited than the Ministers
had ever seen him, but, as if wishing to conceal his feelings
from his Council, he merely remarked mildly that guaran-
tees for the future must also be demanded of Prussia. An
hour later it was decided that a cases UM should be made
of this demand.

HEROIC DEFENCE OF STRASBURG CONTINUED.
--" An Alsatian paper," says the Carlsruhe Gazette, "on
the authority of persons who have escaped from Stras-
burg, states that for ten days the inhabitants have
remained day and night in their cellars, those whose
houses have been destroyed taking refuge in the churches.
Burials are no longer performed outside the town, but
in the botanical garden. The inhabitants are in conster-
nation, and anxiously expect the time when a French
army is to deliver them. Every day, when the bombard-
ment has ceased a few hours, there is a false alarm, and
there are enthusiastic cries of " Vire la France I Vire
l'arnMe I" It is affirmed that every household has pro-
visions for two months. The gasometer has been emptied,
so that every inhabitant is required to place a lighted
lantern at night in front of his house. One of the four
turrets of the clock tower of the cathedral has
been seriously damaged ; Schwilgue's astronomical
clock has been destroyed, and the zinc roof
of the building has been burnt. The windows
have not at present suffered. The number of persons
killed and wounded is about 230, the majority of whom
inhabited the upper stories of the houses. Without
doubt, adds the Alsace newspaper, ' the heroic defenders
of Strasburg will soon be relieved by a victorious French
corps, and on the day when it will be necessary to march
to chase the barbarous hordes who invest it, all Alsace
will take up arms.'"

SCIENTIFIC DEFENCE OF THE FRENCH CAPITAL.
—The Journal Officiel publishes the following note :
" The Minister of Public Instruction has appointed a
committee of savants, who are to concert with the mili-
tary authorities means for applying to the defence of
Paris all the latest results of physical and chymical
science. M. Berthelot, Professor of Organic Chymistry at
the College de France, is President of the
Committee. Two Deputies, MM. Dorian and
Genelot, represent the Corps Legislatif. The
first meeting of the committee is fixed for Saturday,
September 3rd, at the Ministry for Public Instruction.
Persons who may have communications to make, or plans
to suggest are -requested to apply to M. Berthelot.
Another committee, specially charged with the medical
questions relating to,. the defence of Paris, is being or-
ga,nised under the presidency of M. See, Professor of the
Faculty of Medicine." '.`he Opinions Nationale comments
upon the foregoing notice :—" We entirely approve the
arrangement thus proposed. Since scientific barbarism is
being hurled against,us, it is the task of civilised science
to defend us."

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