The Sun.
London, England, 1848-07-31 00:00:00

WALLACHIA.

The Provisional Government of Wallachia has
adopted the following articles as the basis on which
the institutions of that principality are to be re-
generated:—
" Art. 1. The legislative and administrative inde.
pendence of the Wallachians, based on the treaties of
Mirtcha and Olad V., without the intervention of any
foreign power in the internal affairs of the principality.
" 2. Equality of political rights.
" 3. General taxation—that is to say, that every one
must contribute towards the expenses of the princi-
pality.
"4. General Assembly, composed of representatives
chosen from among every class of society.
" 5. Responsibility of the Prince, who can only be
elected for five years, and who may be chosen out of any
class in the nation.

" 6. Reduction of the amount of the civil list, and the
suppression of all means of corruption.
" Responsibility of Ministers and public functionaries.
" 8. Absolute liberty of the press.
" 9. National recompenses shall be awarded by the
representatives, in the name of the nation.
" 10. Right of each district to elect its authorities, a
right which proceeds from the people who elect their
prince.
" 11. Establishment of a national guard.
" 12. Emancipation of the monasteries.
" 13. Emancipation of the peasants, to whom land
shall be given by the Boyards, the latter receiving in-
demnity for the same.
14. Abolition of slavery, with indemnity to the slave-
holders.
" 15. General instruction common to both sexes.
" 16. The representative of the principality at Con-
stantinople, chosen from amongst the Wallachians._

" 17. Abolition of all tithe; not connected with the
active functions of the principality.
" 18. Abolition of corporal punishments.
" 19. Abolition of the penalty of death.
"20. Penitentiary establishments better suited to the
wants of civilization.

" 21. Emancipation of the Jews, and concession of po-
litical rights to every religious creed.
" 22. Immediate convocation of a constituent assembly,
chosen t n the basis of universal suffrage."

ITALY.

LOMBARDY.

The Italia announces that, in the night of the 22d,
when a frightful storm was raging, the Austrians
showed themselves under Villafranca, Somma-Com-
pagna, and Sena. They came from Verona, were
8,000 in number, and had their horses hoofs and the
wheels of their carriages covered with cloth to prevent
noise. Two hours before daylight the Italian army
perceived them. The line from Villafranca to Sena
was protected by the regiment of Savona, and 1,200
Tuscans. The Austrians captured Villafranca and
attempted to burn it down ; they drove back all the
line of the Italians, and killed 100 Tuscans, a general,
and several officers. They then pillaged and devas-
tated the place. All the troops who were at Castelu-
novo, Monzambano, and the environs, received orders
to retire to Peschiera. The Austrians advanced under
that place, where they killed a great many people and
devastated some villages. They afterwards withdrew
on learning that a body of Piedmontese troops was ad-
vancing against them.
The Piedmontese Gazette of the 26th, states that
the Piedmontese at Villa Franca had repulsed the
Austrians, but that the latter had succeeded in throw-
ing a bridge across the Mincio, and in penetrating
into Salianza.
We learn from Genoa that on the 20th the French
steam-frigate Descartes had arrived in that port, bear-
ing to the Duke of GENOA the decree of the Sicilian
Parliament, appointing him King of the SICILIANS
(Re Dei Siciliani).
The Risorgimento of Turin of the 26th has arrived,
containing dispatches from the head• quarters of
CHARLES ALBERT to the 24th. These dispatches
make no allusion to the alleged Austrian victory.

ROME.

A PROVISIONAL GOVERNMENT FORMED.

The Contemporaneo of Rome of the 20th gives a
full account of the proceedings at Rome on the 19th.
A large crowd occupied the immediate vicinity of the
Palace of Deputies at an early hour. The sitting
being opened, President SmutNi announced the re-
ception of a petition, bearing very numerous signa-
tures, to the following purport :
" Citizens Deputies,— The country is in danger.
Serious and still existing events in the provinces and at
the confines, striking Italian nationality to the heart,
attest it. It is your duty, representatives of the people,
solemnly to declare it, and instantly to take those
prompt and extreme measures which have been con-
stantly adopted for the safety of the country, by all na-
tions, and at all times in the extreme moments of com-
mon danger. The people, far from wishing to impose
their will upon their deputies, protest that it is their
firm intention to support by their invincible force all the
energetic determinations they may embrace, being ready
to defy any danger, and make the last sacrifice."
The President, after thanking the people, and ex-
pressing the hope that the deputies would do their
duty, announced that, by the constitution, the peti-
tion must be sent to the proper commission, and that
the people's petition might be discussed by the
Chamber the very next day. Deputy BUONAPARTE
insisted on the immediate discussion, on the plea that
the subject of the petition was the danger the country
in. He was interrupted, however, by the clamour of
the people in the streets. The Chamber itself was
at that moment invaded by the people, who came to
applaud the decision of the Chamber. After a fruit-
less attempt to restore order, the sitting was sus-
pended ; the President succeeded in persuading the
people to withdraw ; and the Chamber proceeded to
continue the discussion on the mobilisation of the
Civic Guard. M. HERRIN', after some time, begged
the Chamber to postpone the discussion, and to take
into consideration what was just passing at that mo-
ment. The Minister of Commerce mounted the
tribune, and informed the Chamber that intelligence
had just reached him that the people wanted to take
possession of Fort Saint Angelo, and of the gates.
The minister of Police had gone in person to take
effectual measures. He then proceeded to state that
the Ministry had given in their resignation, which
had been immediately accepted, and that they only
continued in office so long as their successors were
not appointed. The Chamber then declared itself in
permanence. Some time after the Minister of Police
arrived, and stated that all was quiet; that he had
had information since yesterday of the demonstration
that was preparing, but that as it was perfectly legal,
he had thought proper not to interfere. That some
hot-headed persons had gone too far, but not with
hostile intentions. That as to the taking of the fort
and gates, a project of the kind had been entertained
by a few, but that reason had prevailed with them, as
the troops could be no object of suspicion. The
Chamber then rose, after declaring that the people
had acted properly.
The Journal des Debats, after giving the news from
Rome of the 19th, in describing the invasion of the
chamber by the mob, and the demand for an imme-
diate declaration of war, proceeds as follows :—"The
Pope, persisting in his opposition to this measure,
Count Mamiani and all the ministers resigned, but
held their offices until their successors should be
appointed. The Pope has made an application to
a party whose name has not transpired, but
who, it is said, bad refused the mission of
forming a cabinet. A deputation of the Chamber
of Deputies were to wait on the Pope on the fol-
lowing day with an address; and the answer of
his Holiness is looked for with the most intense
anxiety, and it is even feared that a civil war may
break out in the city, for a very strong party appear
determined to support the liberty of the Pope in case
the war party should do violence to his feelings.
These dissensions do great injury to the cause of
Italian independence, which has need of the unani-
mous co-operation of all its strength to resist a power-
ful and determined enemy which has become more re-
doubtable than ever.

An extraordinary courier arrived from Rome with
news to the 22d, states that the Pope not having been

able to form.. a Ministry imbued with sentiments of
neutrality, the people and the Chamber of Deputies
had established a Provisional Government.

If the affairs of Rome are viewed impartially, and
the fact not lost sight of that the Pope has imposed
on him the twofold duty of Christian Pontiff and
temporal Princ?,
,it must be admitted that it is great
injustice to blame his conduct. As the Vicar of the
God of Peace, he refuses to make a declaration of
war ; as a Sovereign he gives his subjects liberty
to take up arms. He does not interdict them forming
themselves into battalions of volunteers and taking
the field, but he merely refuses to commit an act of
personal hostility which his conscience justly regards
as incompatible with his quality as Father of all the
Christian Church.

MARKET NEWS.-(THIS DAY.)

CORN EXCHANGE-MONDAY.

Coastwise, as well as by land-carriage, the arrivals
of all kinds of grain of home produce, as well as Flour,
fur our market lest week, were on a limited scale. The
supply of Oats from Ireland and Scotland was some-
what on the increase, though small the time of year
considered. From abroad the receipts were, compa-
tively speaking, moderate, viz., 7,195 quarters of Wheat,
2,432 ditto ut Barley, 3,109 ditto of Oats, 2,710 ditto
of Beans, 11,309 ditto of Linseed, 46 ditto of Rape-
seed, 930 ditto of Indian Corn, 91 ditto of sundry
Seeds, and 180 sacks, together with 503 barrels of
Flour. An extensive supply of Wheat was received
fresh up this morning from Kent, Essex, and Cam-
bridgeshire. From other quarters the arrivals of that
grain were by no means large. As the stands were
heavily filled with samples of both Red and White,
and the attendance of country buyers was by no
means large, the demand for all kinds of Wheat
of home produce brag in a sluggish state. How-
ever, a fair c learance of the stands was effected at
Wednesday's advance in the quotations of from is to 2s
per quarter. The accounts respecting the potato disease
are by no means so unfavourable as those received last
week. There was a good sale for fine foreign Wheat at
the extreme rates of Wednesday last, being 2s per
quarter above those paid on Monday. The middling
and inferior kinds were slow in sale at Is per quarter
above the prices of this day se'nnight. The market was ra-
ther scantily supplied with Barley, the best parcels of
whitih moved off steadily at is per quarter more money;
and the value of other kinds was well supported.
Although the supply of Malt was small, that article was
dull in sale, at but little, if aoy, alteration in prices.
The supply of fresh Oats was small, but several stale
qualities were on offer. On the whole the Oat trade was
steady, at an advance in the currencies of Monday last
of from 6d to, in some instances, is per quarter. Beans
were in moderate request. In prices we have no change
to notice. All kinds of Peas—the supply of which
was small—were firm, at fully the late improvement in
the quotations. Indian corn on the spot and for arrival
was held for more money. In Meal scarcely any busi-
ness was doing. The Flour trade was far from brisk, at
last week's prices.
. CURRENCY PER IMPERIAL MEASURE.
Nheat—Essex & Kent, i Malt—Chevalier...... 59s to 60s

Red. ........ 49s to 54s Oats Yorkshire and
Ditto,White, New 52s 60s Lincolnsh., Feed. 18s 218
Norfolk. and Lin- Potato
coin, Red..... 48s 12s Youghal and Cork.
Ditto, White ••• • .• 493 56s Black . ...• • • 14s 18$
Irish, Red .... • . —s —s Cork, White ..... 16s 20$
Ditto, White... —s —s Scotch, Feed. .... 20s 22
Rye—Old ........ • . —s s Beans—Tick ..... 32s 345

N. ........ —31 s
Pigeons •• • • 318 36
Barley—Grinding ... .. 26s 29s Peas—Grey .......... 358 388
Malting ..... •. • . 31s 32s Maple .
Chevalier .... •• • 328 33s White...
llalt—Suffolk and Nor- Boilers ••• • • .... 368 388
folk ...... ••• • .. 55s Ms Flour—Town-made... 41s 46s
Brown ... •••• —• • 488 54s Suffolk
Kingston and Ware 57s Ms Stocktn & Norfolk 35s 3ss
SMITIIPIELD.

The imports of live stock into London last week
were as follows:
From whence. Beasts. Sheep.
Ilavre ...... 16 ...
Rotterdam 343 ... 2,319 ... 82 ... 247
Antwerp
Hamburgh 48 ...
Harlingen

Lambs. Calves.

..• •••
792 ... 15 ... 199

Total 549 3,161 97 446
Corresponding
week in 1847 770 ... 3,710 ... 192 ... 480

Difference ... 221 less. 549 less. 95 less. 34 less
At the northern outports about 1,200 head of stock have
been received from Holland and Germany, and 165 Oxen
at Southampton, from Portugal. A very large number
of Beasts, Sheep, and Calves having been landed this
morning from Holland and Germany, the supply of
foreign stock in to-day's market was very extensive.
The general quality of the Beasts and Calves was tole•
rably good; tnat of Sheep and Lambs very deficient;
while the prices had a downward tendency. Notwith-
standing tne supply of home-fed Beasts on offer exhi-
bi'ed a falling-off, compared with that shewn on this day
-4ght, the Beef trade, owing to the prevailing damp
ant, ,:nangeable weather, was in a very sluggish state at,
in most instances, a decline in the quotations of 2d per
Sibs; the highest figute for the best Scots not exceeding
4s 2d per Blbs, end at which a total clearance was
not effected. The quality of the Beasts was by no
means first-rate. From Norfolk, Suffolk, Essex, and
Cambridgeshire, we received about 900 Scots and short-
horns ; from the northern districts, 600 short-horns;
from the western and midland counties, 1,000 Herefords,
runts, Devons, Irish boasts, &c.; from other parts of
England, 350 of various breeds; and from Scotland, 300
horned and polhd Scots. The remainder of the Bullock
supply was derived from abroad and the neighbourhood
of the metropolis. The numbers of Sheep were on the
increase, and tolerably extensive, the time of year con-
sidered. For all breeds the demand was very inactive,
at barely, but at nothing quotable beneath, last week's
currencies. The extreme value of the best old Downs,
was 5s per 81bs. We were not to say largely supplied
with Lambs, yet the sale for that description of stock
was heavy, at Friday's decline in prices of 2d per sibs.;
the highest figure for Down qualities being 5s 4d per albs.
The supply of Calves considerably exceeding the wants
of the buyers, the Veal trade was excessively dull, at a
fall of quite 2d per 81bs. In Pigs, the supply of which
was moderate, next to nothing was doing, at barely sta-
tionary prices.

Per Elba. to sink the offal.

s. d. is s. d. 5. il. to 5.4*
Inferior Beasts-- 3 0 3 2 Second quality ditto 4 2 4 4
84 3
160 Coarsed-onwneowlledadihettro 4
160 4 00
Becondqualitgxe.B.....
33
40 43
82
IDarittogeoHutoogrsth.e.w..o.o!
30
100 04
:01
Prime all ditto —3 10 4 4 Small Porkers .... 4 4 4 6
Suckling Calves ..17 0 24 0 Quarter old Pigs •• 16 0 22 0
PrimeLarnePrime coarselSareog tes
Calves" •..
34
Inferior Sheep •• .3 10 4 2 Lambs •• • • •..... 4 2 s 4
TOTAL SUPPLY AT MARKET.
I I
Sheep. Calves, I
Pig'.
28,780 398 253
FOREIGN SUPPLY.
Beasts. I Sheep. I Calves. I Pigs.
778 I 4,080 263
NSIVZOItTid AND ZELLTUCNIIII.3.3I.
For the time of year, the arrivals of country-killed
meat for these markets have been tolerably good, viz.'
300 carcases of Beef, 500 ditto of Mutton, 400 ditto et
Lamb, 520 ditto of Veal, and 200 ditto of Pork, chiefly
by railway. The supplies brought forward slaughtered
in the metropolis have been slightly on the increase, but
of middling quality. Prime Beef and Mutton have cool:,
manded a steady sale, at full rates of currency. In all
other kinds of meat, only a moderate business has beep
transacted, and in some instances, the quotations have
had a downward tendency. About 800 carcases of
foreign meat have been disposed of.

Beasts.
3,667

At per stone by the CUMIN.
s. d. to 1. d. s. d. to 4. d.
Beef ,inferlor.... •• 2 8 210 Mutton, inferior 3 3if
- middling .... 3 0 3 2 middling 4 0 4
- primelarge .. 3 2 3 4 - prime ••.• 4 6 4 11
- prime small .. 3 1. 3 8 Pork, large• •• •• 3 6 4
Veal.. •• • • •••• • • 3 4 4 4 - small.. 4 4 4 •
_ _

. -
Lamb. 4s 2d to 5s 2d.
DOROUGEC AND SPITALFZELDS.
These markets are very heavily supplied with Potatoes
in full average condition. All kinds move off freely, at
prices varying from 3110, to 51 158 per ton. The nu'
ports from abroad ;have been on a very moderate scale
since our last report.
DON.OUGZI BOP IVIARZET.
We have still to report drooping prices for all kinds
of Hops, the supply of which offering is somewhat on
the increase, with a heavy inquiry. The plantation
accounts are decidedly layout able, and the duty is called
from 205,0001. to 210,0001. Sussex Pockets, 21 2s to
2l 6s; Weald of Kent ditto, 214 s to 218 s; Mid and EMS
Kent ditto, 218 s to Si. per cwt.