The Sun.
London, England, 1848-03-07 00:00:00

SION BILL.

Motion made, and Question proposed, "That the Bill be
now read a second time :"—Amendment proposed, to leave
out the word " now," and at the end of the Question to add
the words " upon this day six mouths." Question put,
" That the word ' now' stand part of the Question." ['he
House divided:—
MINORITY—AYES, 91.
Adderley, C. 13. Fox, W.J. Filkinrton, James
Arkwright, G. Fuller, A. E. Monde's, W. R.
Arundel, Earl of Gasken, J. M. Power, Dr.
Bailey, Joseph Graham. Sir James Raphael. Alexander
Bailey, Joseph, Jan. Hardcastle, J. A. Roudieshatn, Lord
Barrington, Viscount Hay, Lord John Ricardo, J. L.
Bellow, R. M. llayter, W. G. Ricardo, Osman
lionbovr,!John Heathcote, Sir W. Robinson, Geerge
Birch, Sir Thomas Hill, Lord Marcus Rushout,.Captaln
Blakemore, R. Hughes, W. B. Sanders, George
Bowring, Dr. Hume, Joseph Seholetield. William
Boyle, Colonel 1 Humphery, Ald. Sidney, Thomas ,
Brackley, Visoinnt Inglis, Sir°lt. -1 Smith, Tenon
Bremridge.:Richard Ireland, Thomas J. Stanstleld, W. R. C.
Bright, John Jackson, William Staunton, Sir G.
Brotherton,y. Kershaw, James Strutt, Edward
Brown, W. Labouchero, Henry Thesiger, Sir F.
Carew, W. P. Langston, J. . Thompson, Colonel
Childers, J. W. Lascolles, W. 5. Thompson, Aid.
Clay, James Lemon, Sir Charles Thornoly, T.
Cobden, R. Littleton, E. R. Townshend. Jelin
Colvile, C. R. Locke, Joseph Turner, E.
Cubittt, William Mackinnon, W. A. Verner, Sir W.
Doering, John Maitland, T.I Villiers, Charles
Dlvett, E. Marshall, William Walmsley, Sir J.
Drumlanrig, Vie. Alastennan, J. Ward, 11. G.
Drummond, H. Melgund, Yisoonnt Willoughby, Sir N.
Duncan, Viscount Mitchell, T. A.
Duncuft, John 4 Molesworth, Sir W. TELLI&J.
Edwards, Henry Mowatt, Francis Spooner, R.
Evans, William Ord, W. Ingestre, VlScennt
i Fordyce, A. 1). Fatten, J. W.

MAJORITY—NOES, 104.
Alady,,T. N. Emlyn, Viscount Racks, C W.
Adair, Hugh E. Ewart, William Paget, Lord;George
Anson, Viscount Fagan, William Pendarves, Edward
Baldock, E. 11. Farrer, James Finney, W.
Baring, Henry Fitzroy, Henry Powell, Col.
Barnard, E. G. Forester, Q. C. Pugh. David
Bateeon, Thomas Fox, S. L. Rice, E. E.
Beckett, WilNara Gaskell, J. M. Rufford, FrazeiA
Bentinck, Lord G. Gore, W. 0. Serape, G. F.
Berkeley, 11. Goring, Charles Seynaer, Henry Etas'
Berkeley, Grantley Gower, Leveeen Shelburne, Earl of
Blackall, S. W.
llGronanebayge,
,MGzriqiu.iswe.f
Bolder°, Henry
Broadley, Henry: Healey, J. W.:
Brown, Humphrey Hervey, Lord A. Somerville, Sir IT.
Bruce, C. L. C. filidyart, R. C.
Buck, L. W.
Buller, Sir J. T.
Bunbury, W.
Burke, Sir T. J.
Burrell, Sir C.
Cavendish, G. H.
Charters, Francis
Clive, IL B. H Holland,
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Waddington,lTYvYan' Sir
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Cannily, Col.
Cerbally, H. E.
Cowper, NT F. Wall, C. B.
Crlpps, W. Manners, Lord G. Wawn, J. T.
Davie, Sir IL Martini J. Wilson', Matthew
IDeedes, W. Wyld, James
Wynn, Sir W.
Wyvill, Marmaduke
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TELLERS.
Newport, Viscount Hope, Henry T.
Dunne, Francis I'. O'flahorty, Anthony Perkaley, Captain

SKETCHES OF THE FRENCH

REVOLUTIONARY LEADERS.

(Concluded from the IVeehly Dispatch.)
lII.—M. ARAG O.
( This gentleman, who is the first astronomer of the
age, was born in the year 1786, and the greater portion
•of his life has been devoted to study and passed in scien-
tific pursuits. During the last few years he has,
,however, appeared conspicuously upon the political
.stage ; and from the first moment that he set foot
in the Chamber of Deputies he declared him-
self a Republican. Immediately joining the small
but staunch band headed by Garnier Pages and
Dupont de l'Eure, Arago proclaimed war against
the re-actionary policy of Louis Philippe and his
Ministry; and no liberal Deputy spoke more boldly from
the tribune than he. When the atrocious September
Laws (as the coercive measures in respect to the Press
were denominated), came on for discussion, Arago de-
clared that the ruin of the House of Orleans was thereby
placed within the range of prophecy ; and when called
to order by the President, he bent an indignant look
upon that functionary, and proceeded with his argu-
ments in a strain that produced a marvellous impression
upon the Chamber. But, perhaps, the most brilliant
oratorical display of this gentleman was on the occasion
of a learned or literary debate that arose about twelve
years ago in the Chamber of Deputies, and in the course
of which Arago found himself pitted against De Lamar-
tine. We shall permit a French historian to relate this
incident in his own florid style:—" M. Arago, the illus-
trious representative of science amongst us, attacked the
worship of antiquity, and placed the learned men and
the philosophers of modern times far before the masters
of art and of imagination. M. de Lemartino could not
control himself at a speech which displaced from their
pedestals Homer, and Virgil, and Plato, and Cicero,—
all the poets of antiquity—all the gods of his youth.
And with what genius, with what prevailing grace, with
what an earnest and intimate conviction of the spirit, did
he handle the cause of taste and imagination
that cause which was thenceforth his own ! M.
Arno, in turn, replied with admirable temper,
with sound logic, and with a deep conviction
also ; it was a combat in the lists, with the arms of
courtesy, between contemporary science and contempo-
rary literature, each represented by its most distin-
guished professor. The Chamber gazed upon this
elegant and loyal passage of arms, applauded the com-
batants—and found both in the right. That was a
brilliant day of repose and reaction amidst our political 1
annals. The public business, to be sure, was not
a bit advanced by it; but the world had the
opportunity of hearing two men of genius
speak their own language—and the result was
two fine discourses the more, and perhaps one
law the less." Arago is a man endowed with all the
strength of an unbending spirit—self-possessed, even
amidst that generous political enthusiasm which made
him a Republican. When the Pritchard Indemnity Bill
was brought in, ho denounced it as "as the most detest-
able job that had ever disgraced a servile, truckling, and
unprincipled Ministry," and declared that " war with
England were even preferable to such a degrada-
tion,"—although his principles had always been for
peace. A contemporary writer has described Arago as
" an excellent patriot, a sworn enemy of privileges, a
hater of monopoly, a friend to free trade, and an
ardent defender of the rights of the people." Such,
indeed, he has consistently shown himself ; and now we
find him associated with De Lemartino, between whom
and himself that "loyal passage of arms" took piece,—
associated, too,with those fine republican leaders, amongst
whom he took his seat the very first day that he entered
the Chamber of Deputies. M. Arago has written a most
admirable and much esteemed biography of our cele-
brated improver of the steam-engine—James Watt; his
works upon astronomical and other scientific matters are
numerous; and he has long filled the honourable post of
perpetual secretary of the Academy of Sciences. He is
likewise a member of the Office of Longitude, and
president of several scientific bodies.
IV.—M. CREMIEUX.
It is a somewhat singular fact that at a moment
when the English Legislature is discussing the question
of removing Jewish disabilities—as if there were any
question at all relative to the propriety, wisdom, and
justice of such a measure—a Jew should be holding a
conspicuous place in the Provisional Government
of France. Yet such is the case ; and the
gentleman alluded to is the subject of the
present sketch. More remarkable and more
significant still is the circumstance that M. Cremieux is
Minister of Justice, a department with which is associ-
ated that of public worship. Thus the gallant and liberal
Parisians are not afraid to entrust the control of the
Catholic Church to the hands of a Jew, while, in Eng-
land, Sir Robert Inglis, and the other old women of the
same claas, are whining over the probable destinies of the
Established Church and the Protestant Creed should Jews
be admitted into the British Parliament. " They order
these things better in France," we may observe with
Sterne. M. Cremieux has long sat in the Chamber of
Deputies for the Electoral College of Chinon; and
from the very first he has proved himself a staunch
friend to the people and to political freedom.
To the Guizot Cabinet he was an unflinching
opponent—losing no opportunity to assail its ini-
quitous policy, and to proclaim the necessity of
radical reform in every department and institution
of the State. He was ever most energetic in supporting
DL Duvergier d'Haurranne's annual motion for the ex-
clusion of paid functionaries (the Ministers excepted)
from the Chamber; and he advocated the broadest and
most comprehensive principles of free trade. When
the game-law, initiated in the Chamber of Peers,
came on for discussion in the Chamber of Deputies,
Cremieux gave it his most vigorous opposition ;
but, finding that the Ministers were resolved
to carry it by means of their iniquitously packed ma-
jority, he fought hard to procure the suppression of the
clause which exempted Crown lands from the provisions
of the measure. In this aim he was successful; but the
Peers restored the obnoxious paragraph. When Du-
chafe! made his memorable declaration, throe weeks
ago, to the effect that no reform would be granted,
and that the Government had resolved to put
down the banquets, Cremieux called out, " There
is blood in this r and he prophesied truly. It was
he, also, who encountering Louis Philippe and the
ex-Queen Amelie in the middle of the Place de
la Concorde, on the Thursday of their flight, recom-
mended them to depart immediately, "no hope for them
being left." He then proceeded to the Chamber of
Deputies, where, rejecting the appeal made in behalf of
the Count of Paris, he advocated—nay insisted upon,
the formation of a Provisional Government. Thus, con-
sistent to the last, Cremieux used all his influence to lead
France to the fulfilment of her highest destinies in the
establishment of a Republic.
V.—M. DUPONT DE L'EURE.
This distinguished patriot and staunch Republican
deserves a similar eulogy to that which we have passed
upon De Lamartine—to the effect that his private life is
as pure as his public career has been honourable and
glorious. He has reached the advanced age of 81, hav-
ing been born on the 27th of Feb., 1767; and, though
young at the time, he acted a conspicuous and noble part
in the Revolution of 1792. From that period until the
present date his life has been passed in the service of
the Liberal cause, which ho has advocated unflinchingly,
and often to his personal detriment and danger. But it
would be impossible, in a limited sketch of this nature,
to follow M. Dupont through all the varied and remark-
able phases of his existence. Suffice it to say that he has
ever been true to those Republican opinions which he
acquired and cherished while Louis XVI. yet sat upon the
French throne. In the Revolution of 1830, M. Dupont
took an active part, and was one of the eight Deputies to
whom I have alluded in the sketch of Odillon Barrot.
The establishment of a Republic was the hope which M.
Dupont entertained ; and when he beard the design
mooted by Lafitte in favour of the younger branch of
the Bourbons, he sought General Lafayette at the
Hotel de Ville, and said, " I understand that
there is an intrigue going on to give the throne
to the Duke of Orleans ; beware I for a Bourbon is
sure to betray you " The warning was unfortu-
nately neglected, but the prediction remained—and has
been fulfilled. M. Dupont was present when the follvw-
ing memorable dialogue took place between Lafayette
and the ducal candidate for a crown:—" You know,"
said the General, " that I am a Republican, and that I
consider the Constitution of the United States as the
most perfect that has ever existed." "I think as you
do," replied the Duke of Orleans, who would have uttered
any falsehood at the moment in order to gain the object
of his heart's ambition; " it is impossible to have passed
two years, as I have done, in America, without being of
that opinion; but do you think, in the situation of France,
and according to general impressions, that it is proper for
us to adopt it?" " What is at present necessary for the
French people," returned Lafayette, "is a popular throne,
surrounded with Republican institutions." "It is exactly
so that I understand it," replied the Duke. After
this conversation, Lafayette drew M. Dupont aside,
,and
asked him what ho thought of it I stgliohoolod
willthe
same opinion," was the reply " ,the
assuredly deceive you. The idea of a throne with a
Republican basis would be
ridiculous any where
and in any case ; but when that idea is expressed by
the li it is more—far more than
ps of a Bourbon,
may
suspicious." The reader gather from this anecdote,
that Dupont de l'Eure is a far-seeing man, and that he
knows too much of the world to " put any confidence in
princes." A Liberal Deputy of such sagacity and inde-
pendent spirit, and
possessing talents, great could not do
otherwise than shine in the French Chamber; and M.
Dupont accordingly became one of the leaders of the
Republican party. In 1842 his indignation knew no bounds
when be beheld all the Deputies of the Eure voting in a
most servile manner in favour of the Soult-Guizot Minis-
try; and after reproaching them bitterly for their conduct,
which he stigmatised as a " scandal and a shame," he
threatened to stand at the ensuing election for all the
different places then represented by that menial crew
whom he thus denounced. He kept his word, too, and
was chosen by four Colleges of the Department of the
Eure; but having subsequently to elect for which place
be would sit, he chose Evreux. This incident aroused
the bitterest wrath of the King and the Conservatives
agair.st M. Dupont—but he cared nothing for their hos-
tility, and never lost an opportunity of exposing the
selfish designs of the Monarch, and the corrupt policy
of his creatures. When the " grand scene " took place
last Thursday week in the Chamber of Deputies, and
Sauzet (the President) abandoned the chair, M. Dupont
de l'Eure was installed in the seat of honour,
while the names of the members of the Provisional!
tG.hoe-
Ternment were read; and his own standing first on
list, he became Prime Minister. There is no doubt but
he will be chosen President of the Republic, when the
National Assembly meets.
VI.—M. LEDRU-ROLLIN-
The Provisional Minister of the interior, who is the
subject of this sketch, has not long been before the world
as a politician; but during the few years of his public life,
he has conducted himself in a manner calculated to insure
the confidence of the French nation. An Itumnpromining

Republican and a splendid orator—endowed with grey
moral courage and a fine spirit, and ever giving bold utter.
ance to his honest conviction, Ledru-Rollin is eminent
calculated to become a leader in a great popular movement
Besides, even though his political career has been shpt.t
he has undergone a test, and was not found. wanting
For when that fine old friend of freedom, Germ& Paget
—the father of the present Mayor of Paris—died, Leda
Rollin offered himself as his successor in the represents
Lion of Mans. The address which he put forth to th,
electors was replete with the most generous and fervii
Republican sentiments ; and the Government set ever'
engine of corruption to work in order to defeat hin
But he was returned by a large majority ; and then h
delivered a speech not merely echoing the opinions con
tamed in his address, but enunciating all the best an,
most logical reasons in favour of a democratic form c
government. lie likewise made a masterly exposure c
the selfish ambition of Louis Philippe, and the unpin
cipled policy of his servile hirelings. The speech nc
only produced a deep sensation at Mans, but throughot
France ; and a pros( cutiou was instituted against bin
He stood his trial, and was condemned to six month
imprisonment. But as the Chambers were sitting, an
his person as a deputy was inviolable, he coul
not be arrested ; and the day before the usus
prorogation took place he departed for Eng
land or Ireland—we forget which—where he re
['mined during the recess. This plan he adopted fo
five years, when the statute of limitations, which ex
tends in France to such cases, purged him of the al
leged offence and annihilated the sentence passed upo
lion. M. Ledru-Rollin is married to an Irish lady; an
this fact may have given an impulse to those sympa
thies which on his part have been manifested toward
the Emerald Isle. When the state trials took place it
Dublin, M. L2dru-Rollin set on foot a subscription t,
aid in defraying the expenses of the defence, and offeres
to head a deputation to O'Connell, expressive of th
good feelings of the French people; but the arch agi
tator churlishly and rudely rejected the generous propo
sals thus made to him. On the occasion of the Pritchart
Indemnity, M. Ledru-Rollin attacked the Ministers
with extraordinary vigour, and used epithets so strong
that the President called him to order. But nothing
could stop the torrent of his indignant eloquence; anc
when the Chamber divided, the result led Duchatel tc
whisper to a friend, who has since recorded the anec•
dote in print, " Lediu-Rollins's speech lost us sent
votes." This secession was immense in a Chamber at
corruptly packed ; and the admission of the Minister
of the Interior was a high compliment to the eloquent
orator. M. Ledru-Rollin carried his independence in the
Chamber to such an extent, that he would fearlessly
blame even those with whom he usually acted, if he
thought that they were in the wrong. Thiers and
Odillon Barrot, being less liberal than he, were fre-
quently assailed by him; and Dufaure often came in
tor a taste of his lash. His special organ has, for some
time, been the Rejorme newspaper, in which ho possesses
a considerable share.

VII.—A GROUP OF EMINENT MEN.
Armand Marrast, one of the secretaries to the Pro.
visional Government, is the principal editor of thst
National. He is of diminutive stature, and very thin,
with a light graceful figure, and a pale pensive corm••
tenance, and his age borders on forty. He married,
some years ago, an English lady—the daughter of M.
Berti Ambrosse, the author. His talents are of the
highest order; and the vigour of his style is appreciated
by every one who is accustomed to peruse the " leaders"
in the _National. A stern and unflinching Republican, he
has suffered prosecution—persecution—and exile, on
account of bis opinions, during the despot sway of
Louis Philippe; and he now occupies a pround position
in that democracy which he helped to establish. Generals
Bedeau and Lamoriciere ar both young men, and earned
a high military renown in Algiers. The former is an
admirable tactician in the art of war: the latter is cha.
racterised by a dauntless, dashing, Murat kind of bra-
very. Admiral Baudin, who is nominated to the com•
maud of the Mediterranean fleet, is one of the finest
naval officers in the French service. He can boast of
never having been beaten, although he has seen a fait
share of hard fighting. He commanded the squadron
which, some years ago, blockaded Mexico; and his
splendid achievements of taking the fort of Saint jinn,
d'Ulloa in six minutes is well known. GarniSt Pagaiti,
the Mayor of Paris, has been an unflinching Republican
ever since he was capable of forming opinions for him-
self. M. Carnot, the Provisional Minister of Public
Instruction, is the son of the famous Conventionalist of
the same name. He is now in his forty-sixth year.
Albert, the artizan, was foreman in a factory in one of
the faubourgs, and is a well-informed, enlightened,
shrewd, and, at the same time, an unassuming man.

TUE RIOT AN]) COLLISION WITH
THE POLICE IN TRAFALGAR-SQUARE.

- -
[The greater portion of the following appeared in our
Third Edition of last night:—]
When our reporter returned from Trafalgar-square
to The Sun Office, shortly before three o'clocist
for the purpose of framing the report which appeared in
our last edition, he was led to believe that the
people would quietly disperse : indeed, a great many
left the place, but it seems that as many
as 10,000 or 12,000 persons remained, apparently
with no settled purpose. No expressions, as far as
we were enabled to ascertain, escaped the crowd that
remained after the termination of the meeting, from
which one might judge of the settled purpose which.
they had in view. We heard one man cry out in
French—" Death to Guizot," " Long live the
Republic," but he seemed afraid that any one
should observe that he was the utterer of such senti-
ments.
At two o'clock, or a little after, a large number of
of the police, consisting of detachments of the C, E, A,
and B divisions, took up their position at different
parts of the square, and proceeded simultaneously
to clear away the crowd, who resisted the rather sum-
mary way in which they began to put their orders into;
force. In fact the people—and it is right to state
that a vast number of them were young mere
and boys of the labouring class—did not relish
the interference of the police, who, in order the better to
accomplish their object, struck with too much violence,
right and left. They were assailed with the most dis-
cordant yells, and we saw several stones thrown
at them. Some were severely punished, and the
truncheon of one was wrested from him and
thrown into the basin amidst cheers. We were
informed by several persons, who, seeing us with
note-book and pencil, gathered round us to give infor-
mation, that a little boy was struck so violently across
the head by one of the A division, of whose violence
a great many complained to us, that he fell, and that the
blood flowed from beneath his cap; also, that a young
man was knocked down like a bullock by one of the
same division, and carried off for dead. A man told ue
that 63 A acted with the most unnecessary
violence. It is right to mention that the tempers
of the police were sorely tried. When we saw them.
strike they did so with unnecessary force, and seemed
altogether to have lost their tempers. Manyi respect-
able persons with whom we entered into conversation,
agreed in opinion that if the police had not interfered,
no acts of violence would have been committed.
Between thirty and forty men and boys have been
taken into custody for assaulting the police in the
execution of their duty. Some of them are severely
wounded about the head. A great many were taken Is
the Charing-cross Hospital to have their wounds dressed;
a few came back with plasters on their heads and
exhibited them to the mob. At the time we
write, two persons, a man and a boy, are
in the hospital, being treated for rather severe
wounds ; but we were informed that it was
not unlikely that they would be in a condition to be
discharged in the course of the night.
Inspector Baker, 19 A, had his eyelid severely cut
with a stone; he received also a severe wound at the
back of his head, and was obliged immediately to go to
the surgeon of the force.
About three o'clock that portion of the palings
of the Nelson monument nearest the National Gallery
was torn down, and a number of men and boys got on
the plinth of the column. Two or three persons who
stood on the margin of the basins were pushed in out of
sheer fun, and did not escape without a severe ducking
Police-constable 48 A had his eye severely cut, and the
police are more or less injured.
The greater portion of the police were withdrawn at
half-past five o'clock, and as soon as they went order
was in a great measure restored.
We have seldom seen a mob more inveterate against
the police. Had they not mustered in such large num-
bers some must have been killed, for there were bitter
cries of " throw them into the basin." The people
were exasperated at being struck with their truncheons.
The fierce rushing to and fro of large knots of
people chased by the police, now closing upon them,
then struggling fiercely, and shouting with all
their might, with the batons striking away in all direc-
tions, had the appearance of a formidable riot, looking
down upon it from the steps of St. Martin's
Church. The club windows, and in fact every available
spot from which a view of the conflict could be obtained,
was crowded.
About five o'clock the great body of the mob left
Trafalgar-square and proceeded along Pall-mall, into
St. James's Park, breaking the lamps at intervals and
tearing up the wooden rails placed round the young
trees, with which latter they armed themselves. Pro-
ceediag up the Mall, they passed Buckingham Palace and
returned through Westminster. In passing up Totbill-
street a baker's shop and beer shop were menaced by, the
mob. The baker very discreetly emptied his shelves,
and threw out all the bread he had to the mob, many of
whom eagerly devoured it. The police coming up with
the crowd here, took several of the ringleaders into
custody. The great body returned up Whitehall to
Trafalgar-square, where they remained in groups up to
ten o'clock.
A correspondent sends the following:—
Eleven o'Clock.—At the present time the crowd,whicb,
two hours since numbered in Trafalgar-square and its,
vicinity near five thousand persons, has dwindled down
to about fifteen hundred. The parties who are still
lingering behind appear beat upon mischief. Imme-
diately under the equestrian statue at Charing-cross, le
man, evidently insane, has been addressing about two
hundred persons for the space of five minutes. His lan-
guage, however, was most inflammable; he advised the
little knot of persons around him to go to Buckinghani
Palace and insist upon the Charter being given; 'if it
was refused, to do to the palace the same as the people in
France did. He should like to see, provided they did not
hurt the Queen, the throne burnt in the middle of Tra-
falgar-square. The speaker had hardly uttered his
treasonable sentence than the approach of a body of
police made him run from his position. As he departed
he was loudly applauded by the rabble.
Half-past Eleven.—The crowd has considerably dimi-
nished, and there is no appearance of any further mise
chief being done.

Mr. John Wood, Chairman of the Excise, had an
interview with the Chancellor of the Exchequer yes.
terday, at his official residence, in Downing-strect