The Sun.
London, England, 1846-03-23 00:00:00

the course of election runs, it proceeds ultimately
from the people as its source, and hence the
timid, wavering, and electioneering harangues of such
men as WEBSTER and CALuouN, and the few other
statesmen who apparently act on independent principles.
The PRESIDENT, it is true, has a veto on the acts of
Congress, but that only for a limited number of times,
and besides he is a very transitory ruler—he can reign
onlrfour years, and must go back to his good masters to
get a renewal of the lease. He has thus every induce-
ment to yield to the popular clamour, and when, as in
the present instance, he not only yields to it, but seems
to lead it, the decisions of Congress are virtually those of
a countless democracy, scattered over a vast territory,
and consisting in a great measure of men half educated,
or not educated at all, not scrupulous in their morality,
and disposed rather to contemn than respect those con-
stitutional principles and those international conventions
which have been viewed with reverence by the inhabitants
of more ancient and civilised communities. The vast patron-
age of the PRESIDENT, too, is a dangerous weapon in times
like these, and cannot Tail to have a most injurious in-
fluence on Members of Congress. lie is Commander-
in-Chief of the army and navy ; he makes treaties,
which, however, require the ratification of the Senate ;
he nominates to all julicial and diplomatic offices ; in
!'act, be enjoys the whole patronage of the Union, and
has infinitely greater means to purchase votes than any
veowned head in Europe. This is the machine con-
Aructed by the WASHINGTONS, the FRANELINS, and
the ADAMSES, to be the model of Government for the
New World, and the envy and won ler of the Old.
Every day, however, it appears to fail more and more
in accomplishing the objects of its authors ; bankruptcy
and want of national faith are considered no defects ;
the preservation of peace, so dear to its great founder, is
the last consideration of the existing rulers; the occupa-
tion of their neighbour.' territory by force or fraud, is a
master-stroke of policy ; and a wanton assumption of
claims which they call rights, and which renders them
the enemies of every European power, is praised as a
proof of the power, and wisdom, and independence of the
new Republic. Lord ABERDEEN, it will thus be seen,
has no easy task in preserving peace with a community
like this ; but still he is confident of success, and all we
say is—if the Foreign Secretary can settle the Or'gon
question without a war, and at the same time maintain
the rights and the honour of England, he will be entitled
to a high rank among the first of statesmen.

exist and be governed according to the limos of juitice.

MONEY and COMMERCIAL NEWS
(From The Sun of Saturday Eyeing.)
The Cotton-market at Liverpool yesterda:was dull and
heavy, but prices have not varied from previus quotations.
The sales were over 4,000 bales.
Shares:in established lines are lower to da3 and in scrips
almost impossible to make sales, except t considerable
reduct sus.
The total value of imports at the port of lrouto, for the
year ending the sth of January, 1846, is 12,747/. sterling,
the revenue collected, 22,200/. currency. Ite increase on
several important articles has been very cesiderablis ; and
if tl e duty on some of these, such as tea and obacco, had not
been reduced, the revenue would have showrun amount cor-
responding with it. The increased importatm of tea alone,
as compared with last year, is 65,2891b5.
Estimated value of exports, 187,700/.
Increase of shipping on Lake Ontario in tie year 1845 :
Two ships, three brigs, three schooners, ant one propellor;
total, 2,712 tons.
The features in the Bank of England Wekly Statement
up to Saturday last, are these :
Notes issued
Increase
Rest—lncrease
Public Deposits—lncrease
Other Deposits—Decrease
7-day and other Bills—Decrease 10,689 '
Other Securities—Decrease
Notes—lncrease 135,495
Bullion ...
Increase ...
The Bank Directors, therefore, are pursuing a very steady
course, and the items are the same nearly it regard to their
continued increase or decrease as they were ii the prec ,cling
week.
The English Stock Market is exceedinglydull, and prices
are almost nominal. Console realise 95-3/4 '0 96 for present
transfer, and 96 for time. The premium on Exchequer-bills
has been 23;. to 265. Bank Stock for Account has been
worth 212%.
The Foreign Bonds are slack also. Sranish Five per
Cents. 25%; the Passive, 5%; Portuguese )Id, 78 ; Buenos
Ayres have been 38% to 39; Grenada Deferred, 4%; and
Venezuela 44.
The Share Marken is giving way still, aadeverything dealt
in has been lower, whether scrip or established lines.
The share auction by Messrs. Lamond yesterday afternoon
attracted more buyers than could have been expected, but
only at low rates. Still, however, prices are even more de
pressed in the Stock Exchange to-dew.
BRITISH FUNDS. ONE
O'CLOCK.
Three per Cent. Consolk Annuities .. .. 95% 96
Bank Stock for Account 2123
Consuls for Account • • • • .. .. 96
Exchequer Bills. I%d. 1,4 d.
1,0001... .... 23 26 pm. 21
5001. .... 23 27 --pm. 27
Ditto. Small •
23 27 um. 27
ONE CLOSINut
O'CLOCK. PRICES.
39 38% 3834

The late insurrection, he maintained, had not been ex-

cited from abroad. The Poles required no such excita-
tion. Their oppression was a perpetual cause of excite-
ment; it was their right to strive to shake off an iron

yoke; it had been their history during the last eighty
years. He had not the courage, like others, in pre-
sence of the reverses of the insurgents end the blood
they had just shed, to blame their late attempt. No-
body in France was placed in a condition to appreciate
the circumstances that led to the insurrection, and to
judge of its opportunity. Those who are deprived of
all the blessings enjoyed in other countries should not
be lightly condemned for not better biding their time
and calculating their chances of success. He then
examined the condition of the Poles under the Prussian
and Austrian rule, and commended the system pursued
by Prussia towards her Polish subjects, who were at
least freed from bondage and all forced labour. In Gal-
licia the people possessed nothing, and could legally pos-
sess nothing. The peasants were subjected to the
most arbitrary treatment, and it was not surpris-
ing that they had revolted against the nobility.
It was JOSEPEI 11. who had estranged from the
latter the affection of the rural classes. That Sovereign
had charged the nobility with the exercise of the most
onerous and oppressive part of the Austrian system
of government. It had been denied that Austria
had set a price on the head of the Gallician nobles, but
Ile had received a document from which it appeared that
something very like this had been done, for the Aus-
trian Government had offered a premium of I2f. to the
peasant who should reveal the intrigues of the nobles;
Ind 25f. to those who delivered their landlords hand-

cuffed to the authorities. But Poland, he foretell, would
again rise; twenty-two millions of souls were not easily
exterminated, and so long as justice should be denied
them they would revolt. And why should Poland cease
to hope, when she sees Greece and Ireland, so long op-
pressed, and like her effaced from the map of Europe, re-
sume their rank among nations ? lie declared,' in con-
clucion, that Poland was imperishable, and that he hoped
to live to witness her resurrection, and to see M. GUIZOT
himself come forward to proclaim the legitimacy and
equity of her revolution. M. GUIZOT briefly replied. and
said he did not consider it useful or expedient to enter
on such a discussion. It was not the duty of the
Government to interfere in favour of, or take part in, the
Polish insurrection—all the Government could possibly
do was to afford a hospitable refuge to Polish exiles, and
give them all the assistance due to their misfortune. A
Government, after mature reflection, having adopted a
political resolution, should shape its actions to it words.
Now, the partition of Poland was an accomplished fact,
upon the justice of which the present Government had
not been called to pronounce, and which it had merely 84-
cepted with the rest of Europe. The Prince DE Mosxows
the stn of NEv, who knew the Poles well, next ad-
dressed the Chamber, and was left speaking at the hour
of post. It appears from the Meridionale, a paper pub-
16hed at Toulouse, that a disturbance had taken place
at the theatre of that town, in consequence of the
audience making some very noisy demonstration in re-
gard to the Polish insurrection. The following account
of the affair appears in that journal of the 16th inst. :

CLOSING
PRICES.
95
212►%
r. 6 IA

FOREIGN FUNDS.
Buenos Ayres Bonds, 6 per Cent
Grenada, 1 per Cent .. .
Ditto, Deferred . • .. . • .•
Portuguese Bonds, 5 per Cent .. 78
Spanish Bonds, 5 per Cent .. ..
Ditto, for the Account .. 25%
Ditto, Passive Bonds .. 5%
Venezuela Roods, 2 per Cent 44
Dividends on the above payable in London.
BUSINESS CLOSING
PAID. DONE AT PRICES.
ONE O'CLOCK.

Never have Members of the Lower House exhibited
such pertinacity in frittering away the time of Parlia-
ment and the patience of the people as the protec-
tionists have done throughout their wanton and forlorn
opposition ; and never was this grievance more manifest
than during the discussion of Friday evening. We
had participated in the general expectation that these Hon.
Gentlemen would have yielded to the dictates of com-
mon sense, and have withdrawn, or at least moderated,
their frivolous antagonism; their proceedings, however,
in reference to the timber duties, have dispelled the illu-
sion altogether. They are the same egregious stumbling-
blocks as heretofore—they will not rest satisfied until
they have each individually stood in the very pathway
of the great Ministerial proposition, and been crushed
to absolutely nothing in the passage of the free-trade
measures through Committee. In a maiden speech of
no pretensions whatever, the Marquis of WORCESTER
moved an amendment favourable to the continuance
of protection to foreign timber, and, after a
few moments of significant trepidation on the
part of Mr. 11. lIINDE, that Honourable Gentleman
supported the amendment. Other speeches condemna-
tory of this particular resolution, as well as of various
other resolutions in the tit-Hi in masse, were delivered
by Mr. CHAPMAN, Captain HARRIS, MT. PALMER, Mr.
PETER BORTHWICK, and Mr.-HENLEY; and as if to give
the opposal a climax, Lord GEORGE BENTINCK—the
SISYPHUS of landed monopoly—occupied the House
during two mortal hours in the utterance of an harangue
perfectly commensurate with the shallowness of
his cause. About the most tangible argument upon
which these disputants, laid especial stress was, the
malific consequences to our colonial possessions, which
must result from such a reduction of duties upon the
importation of timber, and also upon the direct manner
in which it would deteriorate our shipping trade gene-
rally. For evidence (?) of the reality of those gloomy ex-
pectations, a few garbled quotations from statistical tablss
and a swarm of lugubrious forebodings were produced ;
and in this is concentrated the whole cause, force, and
bearing of that long-winded opposition of Friday night;
than which, altogether, nothing could he more useless,
more incorrigible, or more thoroughly contemptible in
,very conceivable respect. Looking at the matter in its

FEICES OF
RAILWAY SHARES.

Amber., Notting., Boston, and

Eastern Junction .. 2%.... 1% ..
Buckinghamshire 425. % dis... • • • •
Caledonian .. .. 10 .... 9% 10 9% •• • •
Ditto, Half Shares .. 214 .... 21,E .•..• • • •
Ditto, Extension .. 214 1%
Cambridge and Osford.. ......
Chester and Holyhead .. .. 20 .... 19 ••..• • • •
Cork and Waterford .. 1% .... % ••• • • •
Cornwall and Central Devon .. 1% 1.... •• • •
Direct Manchester (Remington's) 2%.... l .. ••..• • • •
Direst Manchester ( Rastriek's) 314 ••.• • • • •
Direct Northern .. 2%.... 21% 1% ..
Dublin and Belfast Junction .. 10 .... •• •

Dublin and Galway .. .. 4 .... 1% • • .... •• • •
Eastern Counties .. .. 141. 165..... 20%% ••• • • •
Do. Perpet., 5 per Cent. No. 1.61. 13s. 4d. p • • ... • • •
Ditto, ditto, .. .. No. 2. 61. 13s. 41. 14 %p•• • • • •
Ditto, York Extension .. 104..... I% 1.. ••. • • •
East Lincolnshire 114 .... 1U • ..... • •
East and West of England .. 1%.... % .....
Edinburgh and Glasgow .. .. 50
Ditto % Shares .. .. 5 .... 1311 ••• • ..
Essex and Suffolk .. 1% ••••. • • • • •
Exeter, YCQVII, and Dorchester .. 2% .... 1 5,4
,Goole, Doneast., and .lieffield, &c. 425..... p par....
Grand Union (Nottingh. & Lynn) 41%.... y 4 ire .••• • • •
Great Southern & West. (Ireland) 15 17 .... ••• • • •
Great Western 85 ....145 .•••• • • • • •
Ditto, Quarter Shares .. 5 •• • - 15% ••••• • • • • •
Ditto, Fifths .. .. 20 .... 31% 32 .• .• • •
Hull sad Selby .. :0 •• ••••• • .• • •
Ditto, Halt ..hares .. • • .. 7 .... 2514 ••.• • • • •
Ipswich, Norwich, and Yarmouth 2 % •••• • • • •
Leicester and 8edf0rd.......... 225. .•••• • •• • •
Liverpool and Leeds Direct .. 2 % .... 2% ••...• • • • •
LiverP., Manch., & Newc. Janet. ... ••• .....
London an Birmingham . .100 ....219 ......•.••
Ditto Thirds .. .. 16 .... ••••• • • • • •
London and Black wail .. 161. 13s. 4d. 8% •• •
London and Brighton .. 50 .... 62% %••.. • • • •
Ditto), Consol. Eighths • • .. 40 .... .. •••• • • • •
Ditto ditto Fifths .. .. 20 .... 29 28% ..
London and South-Western.. 411. 6s. 10d. 7514 34 .... • • • •
Ditto, New .. .. 10 .... 17 ..... ••• • •
London and York .. 2%.... 23,4 .•.. •
Ditto, Half Shares .. 2%. .. 2IA ..
London, Warwick, & Kiddermins. 1% ....... • • •
Londonderry and Coleraine .. 5% •.••• • • • • •
Manchester and Leeds .. 82 ...• ••• • • •
Ditto, lialf Shares .. 33 .... 56 .....
Manchester and Birmingham .. 40 . 75% • • .....
Ditto, Quarter Shares (C) .. 1.• • .. 7% 7.. ••• • • •
Manchester and Southampton .. 2 .... 2.......•
Midland —lOO 144% 145.. •• ..
Ditto, New 18 .... 29% .. •.•• • • ..
Newcastle and Darlington Junet. 25 .. •• • •• • •
Ditto, New .. 1 .... 9 •. . •
Ditto, New, Brandling .. 20 •• ..
Newcastle and Berwick .. .. 10 .... 13% 11%
Newark, Sheffield, and Boston .. .... 1% ......... •
Norfolk Extension .. 2 .... 1 .. •
North British .. 20 ••••• • • • • •
Ditto, Carlisle Extension .. 114 •• • • 2 'AI ••••• • • • • •
North Kent and Direct Dover • • .. • . 1% 2.. ••• • ••
North Staffordshire .. 425. •• .. 31/4 %p• • • •
Norwich and Brandon .. 18 .... • •
Ditto. New .. .. 5 .... 71,4 ...... •• • •
Oxfd.,Worcester, & Wolverhmptn. 12% .... 12 11%
Richmond .. .. 10 .... .•
Rugby, Warwick, and Worcester 425..... 11U die . I gdis.
Scottish Central .. . 10 ••• • •• ........ -•15%
Scottish Midland .. 5 • • 2 .... • ..... 2
Shrewsbury and Birmingham • . 2%. •• . 2% .... • • . . 2%
Shropshire Union .. 425..... % di5........ 5,4 die.
South and Midlands Junction .. 42'..... % % dis. % die
South Eastern and Dover • • • • 33% ••• • ••••• • • • • .
ho., New (do. 151.) .. No. 4. 2%.... 2% %........
South Wales .. . • • . • • • • 5 •• • • 43%••• • • • • • 3%
Teats and Dove Valley.. • • • l % ••. •• - ••••• • • • • •
Trent Valley and Holyhead June. 2% •
Tring, Reading, and ila•ingstoke.. 514 .... 214 •• •• 2
1,4
Vale of Neath .. • • • • • • 2 •• • • 2 ••••• • • • • • 2
Waterfil., Wexfd., Wick., & Dub. 1% ..........
Wilts, Somerset, and Weymouth 2% 21/3.......... 2
Yarmouth and Norwich . • • •20 ..... . 24
York and Lancaster • • • • • • 2% ....
York and North Midland . • •• 10 ••• • ••••• • • • • •
Ditto, Selby
Barbadoes .• • • • • • •
G .R3AO I L•l•Vi Y 753.: ••••• • • • • • 73
12%
Bord.: Tout., & Cette &Mackenzie) 2 ..........
• • FORE. I•
Boulogne and Amiens .. .. 12 .... 1”6
Ditto, ditto (Espelete) 2 • • 2
5162%
Dutch Rhenish .. .... %..
6 •.... 6
On. North. of France Constituted 5, • • 15%
. 5 .
Great Western Canada • • • • 3% ••• • •••• • • 2
2, 37
Lyons and Avignon .. • . • •
2
Luxembourg .. • • •
Madrid and Valentia .. • . 2 •• .. 0%
Namur and Liege • • • • • • 4 •• • • 2% ••••• • - • • • 2%
Orleans and Bordeaux • • • • 6 .... 121 i 12%
Rouen and Havre . • • • • • •
JOINT-STOCK BANKS.
National Provincial of England 35 351/4
MINES.

"The representation of Robert le Diable last night was
attended with more agitation than that of Don Sebastien on
Friday. Sunday is the day most favourable to demonstra-
bons of this kind. After the second act the cries reached
their loudest point, and the performance could proceed no
further. Attempts were made to sing the Marseillaise, -the
Parisienne—and then Malbrottek, La Bouangere, and we
know not what other songs of a character not very pa-
triotic. It was again necessary to clear the house, and we
saw with deep sorrow those deplorable scenes, supported by
people who, under pretence of 'sympathy in favour of
Poland,' injure that cause and the sympathies which might
be raised for it. Several police agents were ill-treated and
wounded. A sergent de ville being alone in the pit, was
seized by the rioters, thrown down under the benches, and
trampled on and kicked in such a manner, as to cause fears
to be entertained of his recovery. After the house was
cleared, the disturbance was renewed on the Place du Capi-
tote. A display of military force was made, in order to deter
the mob from any acts of violence; but an inspector of police
having received a severe wound in the head from a stone,
the legal warning was given, and the Place was cleared by
the military, and strong picquets were placed at the entrance
of the streets leading to it. Patrols at the nine time paraded
through the town. At one o'clock everything was quiet.
About 40 individuals have been arrested The commanding
officer of the district, the prefect of the department, and tis
sub-prefects, were at the theatre."

The National and Reforme contain long lists of sub
scriptions in favour of the Poles. The total amount,
reckoning the eellections made in different parts of
France, on Wednesday morning exceeded 100,000 f.
(25,0000
. The Augsburg Gazette publishes the following letter, ad-
ilreseed by Prince Metternich to the different Courts of Ger-
many. ft is dated the 7th inst.:-
" The news of the occupation of Cracow by our troops and
those of Russia, and the happy termination of tke insurrec •
tion in every part of the republic, have been announced by
the Vienna journals. If we cast a glance at the events
which in the space of a few days produced convulsions and
a calamity beyond description, we know not whether we
ought to be most astonished at the degradation of those who
conceived this audacious madness, or at the conduct of those
who, miscalculating the means at their disposal, attempted
to execute it, and who have become victims of an enterprise
which could not succeed. Without doubt the plot had been
cleverly concerted. A vast conspiracy, spreading over the
Austrian and Prussian portions of Poland, was conceived, and
the free territory of Cracow served as a kind of depot for the
use of the conspirators. Numerous emissaries, sent out by
the leaders, covered the country, and their seductions and
insinuations found favour with the country gentlemen
and their dependents, who were in greater number in
the provinces of ancient Poland than elsewhere. In the
territory of Cracow, defective administrative institutions,
and a social condition disorganized in every respect fa-
voured those efforts. Communist doctrines were ac-
tively disseminated in all directions amongst the people,
and the heads of the movement, who certainly
cared very little about such doctrines, as far as they
were personally concerned, indulged in the senseless hope
that the agreeable prospect of freeing the peasants from the
payment of taxes would decide the masses to serve as their
instruments in carrying out their plans; and yet they also
fancied that when the Governments had been overturned, and
that the Utopia of the Polish kingdom had been established,
they should be able to drive back the irritated waves into
such a channel as might appear most favourable to their
designs. But it was particularly in Gallicia that it might be
clearly seen, that such projects were void of common sense
and inexecutable. That country has been fur 83 years um:et
the sovereignty of Austria, and when it came into the hands
of Austria was in a miserab'e state of political organization.
Our Austrian laws, and particularly our good institutions,
have been introduced into Gallicia. The effect of those in-
stitutions has been appreciated by the people of the country
and by the mass of the population, who have now compre-
hended that it is the throne which protects them, as well as
all their ex:etence. This is precisely what the Polish emi-
grants who caused the movement have misunderstood and
forgotten. They expected to find the people of the same
feeling as themselves, but they were completely mistaken.
The peasantry of Gallicia do not understand cotnmunist
plireses, and the Polish system is odious to them, because
they well remember the misery which has resulted from
it. The great majority of the preachers of liberty are
with them the oppressors of their peasantry. When the
nobles provoked the peasants to revolt, and the insurgents,
assembled in great numbers in certain places, wished to
compel the peasants by bad treatment to take part in the
revolt, the movement which they wished to foment turned
against the instigators themselves. Many of the latter fell
victims to the rage of the people, and the others were de-
livered up to the authorities. All is now quiet and orderly
in Gallicia, and the movement no longer merits the name of
revolution, but of counter-revolution, the flame of revolt
being extinguished in Cracow, and the revolutionists of
Gallicia, whose projects have been rendered abortive, are in-
capable of any longer disturbing the peace of the country.
After such shocks time must be required to restore moral
calmness to men's minds. The Government is turning its
attention to this task, and will proceed in it with the greater
success as it is encouraged by the broad basis on which the
Government of Gallicia is founded to believe in the faithful
attachment to the generality of the population. Be pleased
to communicate this di patch to the Cabinet to whom you
are accredited."
The Duke D'AUMALE and the Prince of SAXE
COBURG arrived at Toulon cn the evening of the 14th,
with a suite of about thirty persons. The Princes were
to have embarked on the following c'ay for Algeria.
On Thursday the Three per Cents. closed on the Paris Bourse at
84f. 15e. ; the New Loan, 84f. ; the Five per Cents , 120 f. 50c. ; the
Orleans Railroad shares, 1,315 f. ; Rouen, 1,060 f. ; llavre, 750 f. ; Great
Northern, 785 f.; Avignon, 980 f.; Vierzon, 737 f. 50c.; Bordeaux,
680 f. ; Boulogne, 525 f. • Troyes and Monterqau, 422 f. 50c. ; Basle,
; Fampoux, 465 f. ; Dieppe, 473 f. 75c. ; Paris and Strasburg,
512 f. 50c.; Tours and Nantes, 5761. 25e.; Paris and Lyons, de.
Unitive, 621 f. 50e. ; Spanish Passive, 5%.
The following were the quotations for other lines :-
Lyons and Avignon Railroad (Talabot), 512 f. ; ditto (Le-
cointe), 505 f. ; ditto (Compagnie Merldionale), 502 f. 50c. ; Bordeaux
and Cette (Mackenzie), 5021. 75c.; ditto (Espeleta), 5041.;
Charleroi, 490 f.
LYONS, 31Aacn 17.-Rouen, 1,06Gf 25e. ; Vierzon, 738 f. 76c.
BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK ESCIIANGE, Mauch 20.
Boulogne and Amiens, lON -Bordeaux, Toulouse, and Cette
Mackenzie), 2-Ditto (Espel.ta), 2!e-Central of Spain, -Dutch
Rhenish, 57i -East Indian, %-fireat Northern ot France Consti-
tuted, 16-Great Western Canada, 3%-Louvain and Jemappe, 11/2
-Luxembourg, 2-.Namur and Liege, 2%-Orleans and Bordeaux,
13%-Over Yssel, 2 R .
_,...11,111111.111••••••••••••••1

truest and simplest point of view, namely, as to whether

the proposed reduction wouli be advantageous or
'letrimental to our colonies, but especially to Ca-
nada (whose interests were treated overnight
with the most hypocritical tenderness by the
mock-paladins of agriculture), what are the veritable
conclusions at which we must arrive ? How are we to
,leduce., our primary inferences upon the question one

way or the other ? In which direction must we look
for our first answer ? Surely to those individuals whose
interests are one and indivisible with the interests of
our colonial territories (Canada for instance), and our
shipping trade ; or to those whose fortunes fluctuate in
a lesser degree to the fluctuations of either of such im-
portant funds. And how, forsooth, have those persons
acted with reference to the resolution embodying a re-

due tion of the timber duties ? By not making any de

monstration worthy of a moment's notice against a
matter so materially connected with their pockets !
Surely that silent acquiescence upon the proposed inno-
vation of Sir R. PEEL iS sufficiently significant, and is
more worthy of consideration than the idle and pecu-
liarly personal manifesto of men merely striving to
retard the progress of an entire system, by seizing
hold of any and every clause ! In reference to this
circumstance Mr. CARDWELL spoke judiciously and feel-
ingly. He controverted the fallacies about the injuries
which would be entailed upon our colonies in a few
.imp's, but irrefragable facts ; he proved by the plainest
possible arithmetic, that far from the interest of Canada
being tamuerecl with, by the proposed alteration, that
cent-, try would, on the contrary, be materially bene-
fl'ed, adducing, in corroboration of ea° statement, the
gradual but glaring increase in the amount of the timber
trade subsequent to the discarding of the old duty in 1842.
The progressive improvement is too striking to be
omitted :—ln 1843, it amounted to 45,0001. ; in
1844, to 71,000/. ; in 1545, to 94,0001. Of the good
which has resulted to the shipping trade also from
the reductions in the last tariff, the calculation
of that interest in Liverpool is remarkable evi-
dence enough. For 1838, the number of vessels entered
in that port were 305, the aggregate amount of whose ton-
nage was 160,000; in 1842, (the transition year, be it ob-
served!) the numberof vessels was 165, the tonnage of which
was 90,000 ; while in 1845, the number of vessels had
actually increased to 423, with a tonnage of 239,000.
One more transcript from the table of returns, and our
employment of Arabic numericals shall terminate for
the present ; and this conclusive quotation is no less
than an estimate of the exports of Canadian timber pre-
cedent and subsequent to the reduction already made
in that article. In 1833, 15,000,000 loads of timber were
exported ; in 1842 (the transition again !), merely
9;000,000 ; whereas in 1845 there was an exportation
of 28,000,000. After glancing over these incontestible
facts, it is really beyond all Christian endurance to hear
the flimsy prating of Lord GEORGE BENTINCIE, and his
irrelevant and haekneyed allusions to" letting loose the
hell dogs of war," and "clouds in the west," and "re-
posing on our laurels." It is provocative of more than
impatience, it rouses up the indignation of
every unbiassed thinker, to behold those who might
be endowing their countrymen with blessings,
persisting, with a sullen and stolid blindness, in the pro-
crastination of an issue which they must know to be in-
evitable ; allowing stagnation to fall upon commerce ;
disease and privation to accumulate in :the sister island ;
and themselves to become, not merely an isolated, but a
repudiated faction in their native land. As if to enforce
this conviction upon them, by showing them beyond all
gainsaying their utter impotence, the majorities by which
their amendments are severally quashed are becoming
reallys something too ludicrously disproportioned for a
sober
er perusal. Let us hope that this weapon of division
will goad them at length into silence.

Real del Monte, Unregistered •• •• • 3% ...... ...

RAILWAY SII ‘11.13 MARKETS

MANCIIESTER, Neuca 20.

STOCK EICTIANOE.-1110 sales are-Ambergate, Nottingham, and
Eastern Junction, Is. dis. -Birkenhead, 1 ancashire, and Cheshire
Junction, p.- Cambridge and Lincoln Extension and York and
Lincoln Junction, 1 dl3.- Chester and Manchester Direct., 21s. 3d.
die.-Clitheroe Junction, 1 dis. -Derby and Crewe, 2% p.-Eastern
Counties, York Extension, 11-16 P. -Edinlr.r4ll and Glasgow,
Halves, 814 p. -Fleetwood, Preston, and West R.ding Junction, I %
dis.-Grand Junction, 14 p. c.-Great llrimsby and Shefficld Exten-
sion, % dis.-Huddersfield and Manchester Railway and Canal, 2%
p.-Huddersfield and Sheffield Junction, RIL
-re P.-Lancashire and
North Yorkshire, 5-16 dis.-Lancaster and Preston, 9% p. -Leeds
an I Thirsk, dis.-Ditto, New, 1 dis.-Leicester, Birmingham,
and Trent Valley Junction, 22s.dis.-Liverpool and Bury, New, 2 p
-Liverpool and Leeds Direct, 65. die.-Liverpool, Ormskirk, and
het:.
Preston, % p.-Liverpool, Preston, Manchester, and Southport, IAI
p.-Liverpool, Warrington, Manchester, and Stockport, 1% dis.-
liondon and Manchester (Rene.), dis.-Manchester and Birming-
ham. 76% -Manchester andnydde:-1/4r te.
- an estc r 3
an
Extension, 2% p.-Manchester and Southampton, par -Northum-
berland and Lancashire, Ito isNoh Staffordshire,
-Sheffield and Lincolnshire Junction, % p.-Ditto, Extensimi, %
dim.- Sheffield and Manchester, Quarters, No. 1, 514 p.---Ditto, No.
3, 2 p.-Shropshire Union Railway and Canal, 12s. 6d. dis.-West
Riding Union, p.
LEEDS, MARCH 20,
STOCK EXCEIANGE.-The sales are-Eastern Counties, York Ex-
tension, 15s. p -London and Croydon, 21% --Manchester anti Leeds,
Extensions, 3 p.- Sheffield and Manchester, Quarter Shares (No. 3),
395. p.-York and North Midland, East and West Riding, Ws P.-
GreatGrimsby and Sheffield, 9% -Ditto, Extensions, 10s. dis.-
HuddersfLld anti Manchester, 2% p.-Huddersfield and Sheffield,
6% p.-Leeds and Bradford, 47-Leeds and Dewsbury, 5% p.-ox-
ford, Worcester, and Wolverhampton, 12%-Wilts, Somerset, and
Weymouth, 2M -London and York, 314-West Riding Union, 414
-Ambergate, Nottingham, and Boston, 20s. dia„-Birkenhead, Ches-
ter, Mold, &c., 295. 6d. dis.-Bradfield, Wakefield, and Midland, 19s.
dis.-I.luckim.hamshire (late Rugby), Bs. Gd. dis.-Clitheroe June
Hon. 17s. 6d. die.-Leeds and Liverpool Direct; Bs. 6d. dis.-Leeds and
York, 21s. dis.-Leeds, Wakefield, and 311 land, Bs. dis.-Leicester
and Bedford, 7s. 6d. dis.-Manchester, Buxton, Matlock, ai.d Mid-
land, 295. dis.-Midland and Thirsk Junction, 265. 6d. dis.-North-
umberland and Lancashire Junction, 255. dis.-North Western,
14s. p.-South Midlands,lss. p.-Midlaud, 145.
HULL, Melton 20.
STOCK EYCHANGE.-The sales are -North British, Carlisle, 445.-
East Coast, 145.-Great North and South Wales and Worcester, 11.
paid-Hull and BarnsleyJunction, 26s.-Liverpool and Leeds, 2% -
North Staffordshire, s'. Ms.-South Midland, Si. 35.-Shrewsbury
and Birmingham-. 21. 145.-Tean and Dove Valley,l2s.
SHEFFIELD, MARCH 20.
STOCK ExclaHoz.-The sales are-Midland, Sheffield and Ro-
therham, 34-Grimsby and Sheffield, Quarter Shares, 1% -West
Riding Union, 4%.

YORK, Menai 20.
STOCK EXCHANGE. -The sales are-Grand Union (Nottingham to
Lynn), -Great Grimsby and Sheffled, Quarter Stares fat -Lei-
cester and Belford, 15s. 6d.-London and York, %-cer
Buxton, Matlock, and Midland, 31. 145.-Newcastle and Berwick, 19
-North British; Carlisle Extension, 2/. 43.-York and North Mid-
land, New (East and West Riding), 9
EDINBURGH, MARCH 18.
&rock EXCHANGE.-The sales are-Airdrie and Bathgate, 405.-
British and Irish Union, 455. -Caledonian, 11-Ditto, Extension,
355.-Direct Northern, 425. 6d.-East India Railway, 135.-East
Lothian Central and Tyne Valley Junction, 265. 6d.- Edinburgh and
Bathgate, 368.-Edinbisrgh and Leith Atmospheric, 2 Is.- Edin-
burgh and Northern, 803.-Ditto, Newport, 17s. -Ditto, Lochgelly,
215.--Edinburgh and Peebles, 295.-Furth and Clyde Junction, 375.
61-Glasgow and Leshmahagow, 425.-Great North of Scotland,
463.-Inverness and Elgin, 295.-North British, Extension to Car.
lisle, 465. Gd.-Ditto, ditto to Datkeith, 6/. 4s. - Perils and Inverness,
335. 64.- Scottish Central, 16%-Ditto, New, 8% - Stirling and Dun-
fermline, 351.

The Committee on the Andover Union met yesterday for
the first time. Lord Courtenay was elected chairman, and
the Committee determined not to commence the investigation
till after Easter.

Mr. Bunn left London for Paris this morning, at eleven
o'clock, travelling post the whole way.

We have received Madrid journals of the 13th, but
hey ad.l little to our previous information respecting the
dissolution of the Blimstry. Some of the papers state
that it was mainly owing to a difference of opinion
among the Members themselves as to the measure re-
cently brought forward by the Minister of the Interior
fir the dotation of the clergy, and that the Bill nould be

Mr. Philip Howard, M.P. for Carlisle, paired off with Mr.
Frederick Hodgson, M.P. for Barnstaple, in favour of the pro-
posed alteration in the Timber Duties.

GLASGOW, llisacn 19.
Wei EXCHANGE. -The sales arc-Airdrie and Bathgate, 395.-
British and Irish Union, 425. U.-Caledonian, 10%-Ditto, New,
565.-Caledonian and Ayrshire Junction, 355.- Caledonian and
Dumbartonshire Juletion, 375.-Corno•all and Devon Central, 235.
-D tact Northern, 405.-East Indian Railway, I Is. 6d.-Glasgow
General Terminus, 91.- Glasgow and Belfast Ut Im, 265.-Glasgow,
Kilmarnock, and Ayr, New, 241.-Glasgow, Dumfries, and Carlisle,
3-,s.-Glasgow, Kilmarnock, and Ardro,san, 435.- Glasgow and
Dundee Junction, 335.-Great North of India, 45.-Inverness and
El;in, 20s. 61.-Kilmarnock and Ayr Direct, 375.-Lesmahagow,
41s.- S,otti-h Central, 16 -Scottish Southern, 355. 6d. - South
Midland, 575. 6d.-Stirling and Dunfermline, 335.-Wichaw and
Coltnesv, 471 i.

Mr. Morrison's motion for the appointment of a Coat
mittee to inquire into the subject of railway enterprise had been
looked forward to with some eagerness in the City, where the princi-
ples of Mr. Morrison were already well known from the pamphlet
which he recently published, full which was noticed under this head.
Ills main object is to establish a tariff of rates by which a system of
low fares may be preserved ; and his secondary purpose is to intro-
d.ice into this country the plan, well known on the continent, of giv-
ing the companies a mere temporary interest in their line. The Go-
vernment is decidedly in favour of Mr. Morrison, though from Slr R.
Peel's speech it may be collected that he feared the Committee might
not pay sufficient attention to the Bills now in progress without a
special hint for that purpose. To 31r. Morrison's pamphlet he paid a
tilo VondFehr inen ay
deserved compliment,—Tines,
Mr. Byng paired o Friday night in favour of a timberreduc-
tionslorLtEhooFAztv
duties‘p with li
owsom.
a sale by auction
took place, at the Auction Mart, by Mr. buuttleworth, of the perpe-
tual advesyson and next presentation to the vicarage of Edston, in
the North Riding of Yorkshire, about two miles from Kirby Moor-
side. The revenue was mostly derived from glebe land (one hundred
and five acres), wilzh was appropriated, in lieu of tithes, under the
Inclosure Act ofl7BB, and which returned 178/. 10s. sd. The entire
income was 2101. The duty is single, and the population about 290.
It was disposed of for 9804

withdrawn.
On the 13th the Three per Cents. closed on the
Mqdrid Bourse at 28 9.16 cash, and 28t for the 30th of
April. The Fire per Cents. were not quoted.

The Lord Bishop of Linctin has consented to preside
at the annual banquet of the subscribers to the Literary Fund, on
the 13th of May.
SNOW STORM IN THE NORTH.—NEWCASTLE-UPON-
TYNE, WEDNESDAY NIGHT. The weather, which has been un-
usually fine for some time past, yesterday become cold and frosty,
and during the night a snow storm commenced, which has continued
without intermission during Hie whole day, and still rages with un-
abated fury. The snow is nearly two feet deep, and the roads are
almost impassable. The railway trains have been delayer", and some
not able to go at all; and, should the storm coutinue over night. It
will be impossible for the coachei to run northward. Those iue
this evening have not yet arrived. This i*he molt SOVerC storTa of
snow esperimod in this district for many years.

In the French Chamber of Peers, on Thursday, a de-
bate touk place on the Polish insurrection, which was
begun by the Count DE MONTALEMBERT when discuss-
ing the Secret Service Money Bill. The Noble Peer
regretted thit he could not grant the Minitry a vote ,of
confidence as regarded their foreign policy, and least of
all, with regard to Poland. His. object in adverting to
the question was to defend the holiest legitimacy, the
only one he recognised—the right of every Wiwi to

THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY MORNING, MARCH 23, 184&.

HAIIIBUiIGII MAIL.
CRACOW', 'MARCH 9.—Perfect tranquillity—that is, what
is calkd tranquillity—now prevails in our city. All possible
mea,ures are taken, on the part of the Allied Powers, to re-
prrvs any idea of resistance to their ordinances. In the city
country detachments of military go about and take away
what arms they rind. The clergy are deeply implicated in
all the,e affairs. This evening seven waggons, with priso-
ners, were brought in under a military escort. In the city
itself, 172 persons were to-day designated as to be arrested.
On the whole 150 have been hitherto arrested. Nepotia-
tior.s respecting Cracow are going on very actively. Co-
lonel Van Hobe, of the 10th Regiment, is appointed Com-
.

missioner on the part of Russia.
Many Polish women, whose husbands have been killed,
or have fled, are gone out of their minds.—Silesian Gazette.
CRACOW, MARCH IL—The city is for an indefinite time in
a state of siege. The Senate is dissolved, and a ccuncil of
administration appointed instead; which, however, chiefly
consists of the members of the Senate. Carriages with
prisoners are brought in early; the prisoners think them-
selves fortunate when the escort is composed of Prussians,
by whom they are well treated. The Russians and Austrians
are more disliked. Business is at a a stand still, and every-
thing is very dear. The insurrection of the peasants in
Gallicia is said to be spreading. Troops continue to be sent
from this city to that country. Travellers affirm that some
parts of the province are like a desert; from the frontiers of
Cracow to Lemburgh scarcely a nobleman's residence has
been spared.—Bremen Gazette.
WARSAW, MARCH 11.—The Warsaw Courier of to-day
says, "public tranquillity has not been interrupted in the
slightest degree, and the accounts from the provinces stater,
that they. too, enjoy undisturbed tranquillity."
Datil" Mancit 11.—It is said that remonstrances have
been made by the Austian Legation on account of the state-
ment lately published in the Univ: rsal Russian Gazette that
Austrian magistrates in the Polish provinces had induced the
peasants, by rewards in money, to take prisoners, or to kill
the Polish landowners. People here wondered at the very first
how the generally cautious editors of the Universal Prussian
Gazette could admit such accounts into its columns. The
Universal Prussian Gazette has, we know, published such
accounts.
VIENNA.—His Highness Prince Metternich had addressed
the following circular, dated the 7th of March, to the re-
presentatives of Austria at the several German Courts.
"The latest Vienna journals bring the account of the occu-
pation ofCracow by our and the Imperial Russian troops, and
of the ignominous end of the insurrection in all parts of the
republic. If we look back on the events which have been
crowded together in the short space of a few days, causing
extensive convulsions, and occasioning unspeakable calamities
we know not whether to be most astounded at the wicked-
ness of those who formed the plan, or at the foolhardiness of
those who executed it, in total ignorance of the amount
of means that they could command, and voluntarily made
themselves the victims of hopeless undertakings. The
preliminaries of the project were certainly ably contrived.
ea. esasseles conspiracy spread over the Austrian and Rus-
sian frontier of ancient Poland was formed, and the republic
of Cracow was chosen as a staple place ac the command of
the Revolution. Numberless emissaries, sent out by the
chiefs of the emigration, who remained in safety, covered
these countries, and their insinuations and seductions were
listened to by these countrymen, these officers and clients,
who are more.humerous in the former Polish countries than
elsewhere... In the territory of Cracow defective adminis-
nisitatiOnss, and an unsettled agitated state of society, in-
crsised the success of their endeavours. Communist doctrines
were propagalkl among the people with indefatigabl e activity
and in every direction ; and the leaders of the movement
(who certainly cared little for their own persons about the
application of the communist doctrines) indulged the absurd
hope of making the masses ready instruments of their
revolutionary plan, by holding out the prospect of freeing
the peasant from taxes and contributions, the Government
should be overthrown, and the utophia of a Polish kingdom
should he realised—fancied they should be able to lead the
raging waves into the channel which should appear to them
the most convenient. But the insanity and utter worth-
lessness of such plots appeared in the cleare.4 light in Ga-
lacia. This country has been for nearly eighty years under
the Austrian Government, and at the time when it became
subject to Austria was in the most wretched old Polish
condition. The Austrian laws, especially our admirable
Urharial, were introduced there. Their efforts are manifest.
They have inspired the peasantry, the mass of the popula-
tion with the feeling that the Throne is the power which is
the protection of their whole existence. This is what the
leading Polish emigrants have overlooked and forgotten—
they ascribed their own spirit to the population, in which
they were happily mistaken—the Galician peasant cannot
understand communist phrases, and Polish nation-
ality is odious to him, because it reminds him
of his misery. The majority of the preachers
at home, and among these peasantry, are their
oppressors. When they called en them to rise—when the in-
surgents, in places where they had assembled in great nom
hers, attempted to compel the peasantsby violence—the move-
ment they thought to excite turned upon the instigators
themselves, many of whom fell victims to the anger of the
people, and the others were given up by the peasants to
their natural protectors, the authorities of this province.
The movement is now subsiding in all Galicia, which cer-
tainly cannot be called a revolution, but rather an anti-revo-
lution. Now that the focus of the revolution in Cracow—
where, though no where else, it certainly had the upper
hand—is quenched, and the mass of the insurgents in Galicia,
where they have failed in their attempts, is put down,
it is not probable that the public tranquillity will be
further disturbed. It is evident, that after such con-
vulsions, moral tranquillity cannot be so soon restored to
people's minds, and that the task of the Government is not
easy. It, however, directs its first attention to this object,
and has the more confidence of success as it rests on the broad
basis of the Government at Galicia, viz., the faithful
attachment of the sound part of the population.
I wish you to make use of the present dispatch, in
communication with the cabinet, which we decree to make
you acquainted with the real state of affairs, and as accurately
as possible.—Vienna, 7th March."
• COPENHAGEN, 18th March.—Some Members of the Fadre-
lan and of the Copenhagen Post, have been seized for in-
serting the Polish lnsurrection,which unprivileged papers are
net allowed to do, though it has often happcned.--T-Hamburg
Palters, 17th March.

THE POTATO DISEASE.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

Sin,—As I know that my authority has been exten-
sively circulated in favour of quick lime as a protection
against the consequences of the disease which has pre-
vailed in the potato crop, and I heard yesterday from
the Duke of Rutland that his experiments have not been
equally successful, I feel it a duty to society to prevent
persons from being misled by the general terms in which
I have circulated the result of the experiments conducted
here. _ _ _ .

It is quite true that the lime used here has been in-
variably successful. But it is the magnesian lime, which
abounds in this neighbourhood. In its caustic state it
is fatal to vegetation.
Barren spots are to be seen in many places on the
forest, where lime heaps were placed more than thirty
years ago. It is, therefore, easy to account for the
effect of this limo in stopping the propagation of this
direate.

The lime used by the Duke of Rutland I understand
to have been the crich lime, which is very pure lime, and
has no such destructive qualities.
It iQ, therefore, only necessary to state the distinction
to account for the difference ; charcoal is quite as effec-
tual as the magnesian lime.
(Sig,, ed)
Welheck, March 18. 1846.

SCOTT PORTLAND.

SPORTING INTELLIGE\-CE.

THE CHESTER Cur.—Lord Howth has sold Mermaid to
Sir John Gerard, who has sent her to Jones's stables, near
31arlborough, to be trained.
WINDSOR, STEEPLE CKASES.—The Handicap Sweepstakes
of 25 sows. each. with 100 added, closes at Spital this day,
and the Household Brigade Cup to-morrow. Good entries
are expected.
BETTING AT MANCHESTER—FRIDAY.
NORTHAMPTOKSIIIIV: STAKES.-5 to 1 agst Godfrey (t.),
6 to 1 aget Buttress (t), 6 to 1 agst liforpeth, 10 to 1 agst
Rod Deer, 100 to 8 agst Needful, 100 to 7 agst Dr. Husband
(t). 100 to 7 agst Lord Saltoun.
CHESTER Cur.-12 to 1 agst Sweetmeat, 18 to 1 agst
Clumsy, 22 to 1 sgst Miss Burns, 25 to 1 agst Best BoWer,
27 to 1 agst Fitzsllen, 27 to 1 agst The Baron, 27 to 1 agst
Hope, 45 to 1 agst Magnet, 40 to 1 agst Inheritress, 50 to 1
agst Billy Purvis.
DEBBY.-5 to 1 agst Sting, 14 to 1 agst Brocardo (t),
20 to 1 agst Digo, 25 to 1 agst Tibthorpe, 40 to 1 aget
Fancy Boy, 40 to 1 agst Poynton, 1,000 to 15 agst Join-
villa (t).
OAKS,-8 to I agst Vanish, 20 to 1 agst Lady Cecilia (t.),
20 to 1 agst Osprey (t).