The Sun.
London, England, 1848-03-02 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY ETENIN MARCH 2, 1848.

-

sufficient testimony that the annual deficiency is in
the estimation of the Cabinet most alarming, and that
the outcry for the advancement of the army and navy
of Great Britain has originated in a very rational
forethought.
How these domestic exigencies of the United
Kingdom can affect the internal affairs: of Portugal
may, at the first blush, appear rather incomprehensible
But we are prepared to prove that they do affect the
affairs of that beautiful country, and that they affect
them, too, most intimately. What, let us inquire,
is the attitude at present assumed by the Government
of Portugal ? The Government, or rather the QUEEN
of those dominions, is resting the stability of her
power upon British strength. The presence of the
splendid fleet, commanded by Sir CHARLES NAPIER,
in the vicinity of Lisbon, is the only safeguard of
llama DA GLORIA. Let that fleet depart to-morrow
morning, and before another week has elapsed, her
MAJESTY will be driven forth from the palace on the
banks of the Tagus, as ignominiously as Louis
PHILIPPE was expelled the other day from the Tuile-
ries. MARIA DA GLORIA is only Sovereign of Por-
tugal by virtue of the muzzles of the guns of Eng-
land. Of herself she is incompetent to insure the
obedience of the Portuguese for a single fortnight.
The loyalty of that unfortunate people towards a
woman they despise exists only so long as the pennant
of a British admiral flutters at the mouths of the Tejo
or the Guadiana.

Now we cannot but assert most emphatically and
most explicitly that in propping up an unpopular
throne at Lisbon we are squandering our naval forces
in a cause quite at variance with the principles of our
Constitution, and that by so doing we are shamefully
adding to our expenditure and diminishing (for no
adequate reason) the maritime defences of these
islands. Such a fleet as that lavished in the assist-
ance of MARIA DA. GLORIA would be no insignificant
addition to the protective squadrons required along the
eastern coasts of England, and such a man
as the Conqueror of Acre should not be lightly
ostracised to the Cape of Espichel, for the aid of a
tottering administration and for the personal ad-
vantage of an abhorred Princess. It
is whis-
pered about that this prolonged expedition in the
neighbourhood of Lisbon has been undertaken
because, forsooth, of the relationship subsisting
between the Prince Consort and the husband of
MARIA DA. GLORIA. With immeasurably better
reason a fleet should have been dispatched to Cher-
bourg to batter down the walls of that splendid
fortification in the cause of the ex-KING of the
FRENCH, because the children of that miserable exile
are connected by marriage with the families of Saxe
Coburg and Gotha. But no ; on Tuesday even•
ing her MAJESTY'S Principal Secretary for
Foreign Affairs recognised in the name of
the Administration the existence of the Pro-
visional Government of the French Republic,
thereby proelaiming that England is capable of re-
maining quiescent while a neighbouring state selects
its :rulers and chooses whatever form of government
ma:7 appear best adapted to it under existing circum-
stances. Our proceedings in reference to Portugal
affc,rd a monstrous contrast to those we have just
ado pted in reference to France. At Paris we frater-
nize with the people, at Lisbon with the SOVEREIGN :
assert the inalienable rights of citizens on the
bai iks of the Seine, while on those of the Tagus
we proclaim the divine right (that " blas-
phe my of Kings," as BYRON calls it), of a woman
whi )se faithlessness has rendered her indescribably
des', picable. M. MARRAST, exciting the insurgent
gar ,line from the window of the National office
acs uires for himself the sympathies of the English
Cail)inet; and the gallant Bosmar, drawing his sword
in the cause of Portuguese freedom and nationality,
is I anished to Angola like a felon or a malefactor.
n regard to the liberties of Frenchmen, our Go-
vernment has acknowledged that the people of any
state should be permitted to select whatever consti-
tution is pleasing to themselves, without the insolent
int terference of an adjacent sovereignty. Lord JOHN
ILt fSSELL said as much in reply to Mr. HUME, Lord
PA LMERSTON said AS much in answer to Mr. MILNES,
Lord NORMANBY said as much in his interviews with
DE LAMARTINE. It is merely the assertion,
indeed, of one of the fundamental truths upon which
are based alike the laws of nations, of nature, of
society, and of GOD. It is the first principle of
freedom. Without it JAMES the SECOND might
nave been forced upon our forefathers by the
'carried over the heights of Montmartre VIE; Sol;
Biers of the Allied Sovereigns. Without this great
;principle WILLIAM of ORANGE would never have been
:able to gird his brows with a constitutional diadem,
:neither would Louis PHILIPPE himself have been
'qualified to accept the Charter of 1830 in his new
capacity as a monarch.
What we demand therefore is this : that our
Government act towards Portugal precisely as they
have acted towards France. Let the Portuguese
choose for themselves. If we continue to guard the
evanescence of the power of MARIA DA GLORIA with
a formidable armament like that under the pennant
of :Sir CHARLES NAPIER, and at the same time con-
tinue on a friendly understanding with the Pro-
visional Republic of France, we shall be guilty of a
monstrous and inexcuseable inconsistency. Against
this we protest :—solemnly, decisively, in the name, of
,iustise, of reason, and of liberty, we protest
against our continued intermeddling with the inter-
nal affairs of Portugal. Three considerations render
it imperative upon her MAJESTY'S Ministers to with-
draw the fleet of Sir CHARLES NAPIER from the
Tagus—first, the extraordinary deficiency in the
revenues, a deficiency so extraordinary as to render
necessary every possible curtailment of our expen-
diture ; secondly, the incompleteness of our mari-
time defences—and, thirdly, the existence of a
primeval right among the inhabitants of Portugal, a
right which we have just recognised in a brilliant
manner in the instance of the Parisians, the glorious
and indestructible right of freedom to the multitude.
Never did any kingdom require more imperatively
the advent of a REFORMING PRINCE than Portugal.
We shall demonstrate that such an advent is possible,
that such a Prince may be discovered, and that the
Portuguese may be enabled to emerge from their
,protracted miseries, and resume once more their
memorable position among the people of the European

We never recollect to have witnessed so great
unanimity, so cordial a concurrence amongst Irish
Members upon any question wholly relating to
Ireland, as was manifested on Tuesday evening upon
the motion of the Hon. and Gallant Member for
P'ortarlington, for a " Select Committee to inquire
into the working and efficiency of the Poor-law in
Ixeland." Whig and Tory, Radical and Conservative,
Unionist and Repealer, Protestant and Catholic, those
most strongly opposed in other respects were arrayed
in the same ranks, and went out into the
5111110 lobby on the division. If the great
principle, " that the property of Ireland was
henceforward to be responsible for the support of
its poverty," could be in any manner endangered by
the proposed investigation, nothing should induce
the Government to consent to such a course. But
we cannot conceive any sufficient reason why such a
result should be likely to occur, or why inquiry
should lead to an alteration in any portion of the
law that had proved really useful. It is notorious
that great difficulties have existed in carrying that
law into execution in many parts of the country—
that several boards of guardians have been dissolved,
and
affairspai
paid officers appointed in their place to administer
theof the unions. It is also but too well
known that, notwithstanding the bountiful harvest
that had been gathered in during:the past year, and
the legal obligation that now exists on the proprietors
of the soil to provide for the destitute poor,
that
of misery and distress, the
awful famine has again been heard through-
out the
cry
of wailing
the land. Surely it cannot be denied that these
are sufficient grounds not only to justify but to de-
mand such an inquiry as has been asked for into the
causes that have produced such untoward results.
Such an investigation does not imply any censure
upon the Commissioners on whom the arduous duty
has devolved of regulating the practical working of
the law. We are satisfied that they have applied
themselves in the most zealous and efficient manner
to carry out the measure in the spirit in which it was
enacted; indeed it could scarcely have been expected
that some defects should not be found in any law
that could have been passed on such

ject. The experience of three centuries has
not been sufficient to render the analogous
code in England perfect in all its details,
could we reasonably suppose that a few short months
would have produced in Ireland an unexceptionable
state of things,? The wonder is rather that so much
has already been effected, than that much still remains
to be done. It is of the greatest importance that it
should be ascertained, without any delay, whether
the defects are occasioned by the local administra-
tion, or are inherent in the law itself; whether
any change should be made in the constitution of the
boards of guardians—in the area of taxation—in the
quantities of land which might be occupied by the
guardians, for the purpose of affording productive
and remunerating employment for the able-bodied
paupers—in the quarter-acre clause, or in other
points which have been, perhaps, justly objected to.
All these subjects would come within the scope of
the inquiries of the Committee, and much valuable
information might be elicited on the vexake
gyeestioneg.

There can be little difference of opinion as to the
general nature of the remedy that is required : it is
a full and sufficient employment of the people—an
employment which will afford the means of procuring
a sufficiency of the necessaries of life in return for
their labour and industry. Until this can be effected
there /is little hope of any permanent or lasting
improvement in the social condition of the
country. The great question will be, how is this,
the great desideratum, to be attained ? One
party assert that it can only be effected by
reducing the area of taxation to the smallest
limits —by making it as nearly as possible
coincident with the boundaries of the several
estates, so that each proprietor would have to
provide for his own poor, and that the person who
efficiently discharged the duties incidental to his
position should not be called on to contribute largely,
or be heavily taxed for the neglect or default of his
neighbour. Nothing can appear more reasonable
than these arguments at first sight, but other points
must be taken into consideration before it is fully
acted on. The smaller divisions hold out a direct
inducement to the cruel and heartless practice of
" clearing estates," and turning out the wretched
occupants from their humble holdings, and the con-
version of arable into pasture lands. Others, and
those who are the best able to contribute to the rates
might escape altogether from the burden, although
they had not merited such an exemption by any
acts of their own. Industry should be stimulated in
every possible manner, but care should be taken that
no parties should evade their just liabilities, save by
giving that full measure of employment that would
fairly fall to their lot in proportion to the extent of
their several estates or holdings. It would be for the
Committee to say, whether any and what means,
might be made available for this purpose.
Another important question will be whether boards
of guardians should not be enabled to obtain from
the able-bodied paupers, for the benefit of the funds
entrusted to their management, useful work in return
for the food that may be supplied to them. The re-
clamation of the waste lands, which are unfortunately
so extensive in most of the Irish districts, more
especially in those where destitution is most
prevalent, would afford an ample field for the occupa-
tion of all persons able and willing to work. It is in
the poorer unions, where there are few resident pro-
prietors, and consequently the least employment for
the labouring poor, that the largest amount of waste
lands are situate. If the guardians were empowered
to employ the claimants for out-door relief in the
improvement of these wastes, so as to render them
available either for cultivation, for pasture, or for
plantation, the vicious part of the present system
would be entirely got rid of, the rate-payers would
be encouraged to persevere in their labours, and to
pay up the present demands, because they would
know that the sums so demanded from them would
not be utterly lost, but that they would be expended
in reproductive works, which will increase the pro-
ductive capabilities of the district, diminish future
destitution, and reduce future rates. These would
be considerations that would nerve them to present
exertion ; they would obtain a return for their ex-
penditure. The able-bodied destitute poor must be
maintained under any circumstances—this is a matter
of absolute necessity, and if so, surely it is impossible
to hesitate when the only question is, whether they
shall be usefully employed on reproductive works, or
In thisre'sPect misunfiramnz idlems;
would be valuable.

We shall take occasion to return to this subject on
a future opportunity, and point out some other re-
spects in which the law requires amendments, amend-
ments, too, which may be made without any new de-
mand on the resources of this country.

There was some rioting at Brussels on Saturday
when the intelligence arrived of the proclamation of
the French Republic. A few Poles and Germans
raised a cry of " Vive la Republique;" they were,
however, at once dispersed by the civic guard, and
many of them apprehended and sent across the fron-
tier. The following proclamation was issued by the
Burgomaster of Brussels :
" CITY OF BRUSSELS.
" The Burghermaster being determined to put an
end to the riotous meetings which took place yester-
day in different parts of the town, and to prevent
all attacks on good order or the public peace, in ac-
cordance with the 94th article of the municipal law
directs that—

" 1. All meetings of more than five in the public
streets are forbidden.

"2. Any person assembling in contravention of
the preceding notice must disperse at the first sum-
mons from the authorities ; in case of refusal they
will be compelled, and will incur the penalties of the
law.

" 3. This order will be enforced immediately after
its publication.

_
";CHEVR. WYNS, Burghermaster.
" Brussels, Feb. 28."
The peace of the city has not since been dis.
turbed.

The Ministry have published a project of electoral
reform, which seems to give satisfaction to all

parties.

We are informed by a letter from Bologna, dated
the 16th ult., that the communications of the Roman
States with Lombardy are interrupted. Since the
16th the Austrian Government has ordered the with-
drawal of all the barges, and has cut off all the bridges
of Layoscuro and of Francolino on the Pe. This im-
portant news forbodes serious events.

At Faenza, and at Forli, in the Romagna, public
tranquillity has been disturbed. It is reported that
many of the inhabitants have been killed and
wounded.

The constitution has been proclaimed at Rome.

The general committee of Palermo has named a
commission charged to disburse, in the name of
the public gratitude, indemnities to the citizens and
the families who have suffered the most by fighting
for their country.
On the Bth ult. the Deputies of Messina, who have
been sent in permanent mission to the general com-
mittee of Palermo, were introduced to the meeting,
and one of them, addressing Admiral RUGGIERO
SETTIMO, pronounced the following noble words :
"If the whole sacrifice of the people of Messina
be requisite to the triumph of the Sicilian cause, if
Palermo think it to be necessary, Messina is deter-
mined to encounter utter destruction by bombard-
ment, and to face with joy the greatest misfortunes."
An unanimous shout of enthusiasm and emotion
re-echoed in the hall of the sitting of the General
Committee ; they all offered to go and share the
dangers of their brethren of Messina, and either to
triumph or to die under the walls of the fortress.
the President then expressed, in the name of the
general committee and the people, the feelings of the
liveliest gratitude, assuring the Deputies that the fate
and devotion of the Messinese was deeply engraved
in their heart.

The whole of Sicily is animated by one sole thought,
namely, to assure her independence, and the institu-
tions she requires.
The 10th ult. was destined for the reception of the
Deputies of Syracuse, whose fortress is still occupied
by the Royalists. The Deputies of Syracuse made
their appearance in the hall of the sittings with a flag
in their bands, on which was written, "We swear
never to separate from this banner." "Palermitan,"
then said the chief of the Syracusians, "dispose
of u 8 as you think proper. Lot 28 be led wboro the

greatest danger exists, and you will find that we are
not the degenerated brothers of thsse heroes of 1831,
who fearless, and with a smile on heir lips, mounted
the scaffold as though it were the apotheosis of their
glory ; it is with your name in our heart that we
are ready to encounter all lain! of dangers, and
that we will seal our oaths will cur blood."
It was with the loud shouts cf " Long live Syra-
cuse I" " Long live Messina 1" 14ong live Palermo 1"
" Long live the Union of all Say !" that the depu-
tations separated.

ANATLES, FEB. $O.

The greatest confusion reigns in the Government
composed of men of heterogeneous opinions. The Kula
takes for guide now one minister, and then another, and
the public welfare is greatly iijured by this incessant
hesitation. The Sicilians wil not listen to the conci-
liatory measures of King FISMINAND ; they say that
with a Borbone it is always necessary to be on their
guard. The history of Rance, Spain, and Italy
sanctions the correctness of this opinion. The
people of Naples seem as dissatisfied as the
Sicilians. Y esterday, at noon, numerous groups
were formed about the metropolis, and chiefly
on the Piazza-Reale before the KING's palace.

Madrid papers of the 22dhave arrived. The resig-
nation of M. GuizoT had become known, and had
produced great alarm mons the supporters of Queen
CHRISTIANA.

MADRID BOLSA, FEB. I.—The Three per Cents,
closed at 291 at 50 days, and were 284 buyers (cash),
29 sellers, after the close. Five per Cents., 171 at
40 days enfirme, and 171 buyers (cash), after the
close. Passive Debt, 6at i 0 days ; 5i buyers (cash),
after the close. Coupons 12 for the 25th instant.

THE FRENCH REPUBLIC.

PROCEEDINGS AT PARIS.

We have received the Paris papers of yesterday.

The Marquis of NORMANDY, in consequence of in-
structions which he;had received from Lord PALMERS-
TON, had another interview with M. DE LAMARTINE,
in which he stated to that Minister that there was no
desire on the part of England to throw obstacles in
the way of the Provisional Government, and that the
recent change in France will not affect the relations
of amity which have hitherto existed between the
two countries.

The Journal des Debate thus describes the present
state of the capital :
" The shops are everywhere re-opened, and Paris
again presents its ordinary appearance. One feeling
alone animates the mind of every citizen ; the wish to
lend their co-operaticn for the maintenance of order
and respect for public liberty. For our part we have
dismissed from our heart every bitter or hostile feel-
ing. We will not separate ourselves from our
country; we only express our wishes for its glory
and for its happiness. Above all systems, there are
fundamental principles which must be inviolably
maintained. Society owes to the members of which
it is composed, security for persons, respect for pro-
perty, and liberty of labour. In these, our modern
times, it owes them something more. Great and im-
mortal principles have been acquired, at least by our
long revolutions. Liberty of conscience freedom of dis-
cussion, are become as necessary to us as the air we
breathe. It is to those social and political prin-
ciples that no honest man will ever refuse
his support, his devotedness, and, if necessary,
sacrifice his life. What we now say, the whole
of Paris at this moment practises. Citizens, without
distinction of class, without recrimination, without
mental reservation, with the most honourable
unanimity, in re-establishing confidence. These
efforts, we hope from our soul, will not be fruitless.
There is another point on which every one will be
agreed. We desire the maintenance of peace, of that
peace which we always regard as one of the finest
conquests of our civilization. Foreign nations will
find us united. War, if it should burst out, will
form one mass of all the forces of b'rance. We shall
be as one man to defend our nationality, the territory,
the honour, and the rank of our country in the
world. There is not a Frenchman who does not, above
everything, desire that France should be free, that
she should be glorious and respected. Let no one
hope to find divisions amongst us ! We have united
to maintain internal order; with how much more
reason shall we unite to oppose an invincible barrier
to any attempts which may be made against our in-
dependence—independence, the first of blessings for
a great people) We express these sentiments with
pleasure, because we know that they live in the
heart of 2 all our fellow-citizens, and that they put us
in accord with all parties. God knows we seek for
nothing that may disunite, but the contrary. 'We
5b..111,c caw a ppy, if France is great and free !"
We read in the "
• -
" We are assured that a deplorable animosity is
manifested against the English by our working
brethren, and that acts of violence have been com-
mitted against them at Paris, Rouen, and Tours.
The French people are too noble, too intelligent, too
generous, not to be above these sentiments of hatred ;
it will understand that attacks against persons are
always degrading, that old national hatreds have no
longer any meaning, and that they embarrass the
holy cause of liberty in its kuropean progress. The
whole world has its eye fixed at this moment on the
Republic. Let, then, the French citizens take the
lnglish workmen under their protection, and treat
them as brethren, and let no division exist in the
great and noble family of labourers 1"
Galignanis Messenger thus comments on the
above :

" In expressing our admiration of the sentiments of
the Democratie Pacifique, we think it right to add
that we have heard nothing of outrages upon English
workmen in Paris. We believe, on the contrary, that
during the whole of the late excitement the most
generous feelings were manifested by the people of
Paris towards the English of all classes. As regards
the outrages at Rouen, we think we may assert that
they arose much less from a spirit of nationality than
from the jealousy of some of the workmen of that city
at the employment of strangers on public works, to
their own exclusion. It is not improbable that, under
the influence of a first excitement, and perhaps the
instigations of a few provocators, a similar feeling
might have been evinced towards workmen from any
distant town, even of France itself. These are not
national ebullitions, and we should commit a great
error to regard them as indications of national cha-
racter."

The Provisional Government has established a new
journal as its organ, under the title of La Republique.
The following is an extract from the new journal :
" The title and mottoes of our paper sufficiently
explain what this journal will be. We desire liberty,
progress, and order; but, above all, we desire that
the laws which restrict the liberty of thought, of
speech, of writing, and of meeting for political and
other purposes, be for ever abolished; that the interests
and rights of everybody, rich as well as poor, be
equally respected and effectually maintained by insti-
tutions in harmony with the necessities of the age
and the desires of the present period ; that all citizens
who share the burdens of France be electors, and
even eligible ; that gratuitous education be supplied
to all French children ; that material and intellectual
labour be organized on new bases; that the relations
of master and workman be definitively insured ; that
the different branchcs of agiiiinalture, trade, and com-
merce receive the ameliorations which they claim;
that science, literature, and the arts be protected as
they ought to be in France—in this enlightened
nation, which has so long marched at the head of
European intelligence. We desire, in a word, that
our citizens may be FREE ; that they may occupy all
offices for which they are qualified ; that they may
enjoy all political rights ; and that they may be for
ever emancipated from the curse of want and misery
live la Republique I"
A general meeting of the Court of Appeal was held
on Sunday to deliberate on the following requisition,
presented by M. PORTALIS, Procureur- General, against
M. GIIIZOT and his colleagues:—

" Considering that the Ministers of the ex-King
Louis-Philippe, by prohibiting an act not prohibited
by the law, and by bringing into Paris masses of
troops, to whom the order was given to fire on the
citizens, have rendered themselves amenable to the
charge provided for by the 91st article of the penal
code;
" Considering that, in point of fact, this charge, if
established by evidence, must constitute tho crime of
an attempt to excite the citizens and inhabitants to
take up arms against each other, and bring devas-
tation, massacres, and robbery into the communes of
Paris;
"Considering that, as a consequence to this at-
tempt, and with a view to assure its execution, the
said Ministers on Wednesday and Thursday last did
actually give instruction and orders to the troops to
fire on the citizens, which alFo c9nstitutes a crime
provided for and punished by our penal laws ;
" Considering that in all cases the Court of Appeal,
even though it may not have been decided that there
is a formal ground fir a prosecution, may, by virtue
of their offioe, whether there be or not an informa-
tion pending against any parties, order that such
parties be arrested, receive evidence against them,
and decide on other steps to be talon concerning
them •
" donsidering the circumstances in which we are
now placed, and in order to prove to all our fellow.

citizens what interest their magistrates take for their
safety, and for the punishment of such crimes, if
they are proved ;
" Considering all this, we demand a criminal in-
formation against the parties mentioned below, as
authors of the attempt in question, and also against
their accomplices, according to the terms of the 235th
article of the Criminal Code.

" We also demand that the above may be imme-
diately deliberated on, in order that all necessary
measures may be taken, and the warrants issued.
" AUGUSTE PORTALIS, Procureur- Gen."

" Agreeably to the above requisition, the Court
passed a decree, declaring that it entertains the accu-
sation, that informations shall be laid against the ex-
Ministers and their accomplices, orders the seizure of
the bodies of M. Guizot and his eight colleagues, and
entrusts .M-M. Delahaye and Perrot de Chezelles, jun.,
members of the Court, with the conduct of the infor-
mation."

The Moniteur contains a number of appointments
of law officers and magistrates.
The celebrated ORFILA is deprived of his office of
Dean of Faculty of Medicine, and two physicians
who had been dismissed are re-established in their
posts.

The colleges are to be called lyceums, as fol
lows—

Louis le Grand...Lycee Descartes.
Henry IV. .....Lycee Corneille.
St. Louis .... ..Lycee Monge.
Bourbon .......Bonaparte (its old name.
Charlemange .. Remains Charlemange.
The Mode gives the following account of the escape
of M. GUIZOT from Paris :

" M. Guizot escaped on Wednesday evening from
his hotel by a back door, and set out in a cabinet-
courier caleche for Calais, where he has, it is sup-
posed, embarked for London. The same evening, M.
Delessert left the Prefecture of Police in disguise.
About ten o'clock the same night M. Hebert quitted
the Chancellerie by the door of the Rue Neuve du
Luxembourg. He sent several times to the Etat
Major and to the Chateau to demand a reinforcement
of troops. He complained both in his own name and
that of MM. Duchatel and Guizot, of having been
so gravely led into error by the Minister of War and
General Sebastiani, as to the feeling of the army.
The Ministers loudly attributed to Louis Philippe the
responsibility of all the measures of rigour which
had been adopted."

Nothing has been heard of Louis PllimprE since
he left Dreux. The National publishes the following
particulars of h 6 flight :
" The ex-King arrived at Dreux on Thursday, the
24th, at half past eleven in the evening, accompanied
by the Queen, the Duchess of Nemours, and her
children.

" On his arrival at Versailles, Louis Philippe and
his suite, not finding any post horses, was obliged to
ask for horses from a regiment of cavalry. His flight
had been so rapid and unforeseen, that he was forced
to make at Trianon a collection (among the officers)
which produced two hundred francs ; it was with this
sum that he was enabled to reach Eu, where he
embarked for England, and where he will find the
millions sent abroad by his providence.
"They there preserved the strictest incognito until
the name of the King was accidentally pronounced
by the only footman who accompanied them. Their
only suite consisted of two termites de charnbre.
" Towards one o'clock the Duke de Alontpensier
arrived, announcing the hopeless fall of the whole
family.
" They were all struck with consternation at this
news.

" The ex-King and his family quitted Dreux on
Friday, the 2,5 th, at nine o'clock in the morning.
In order to conceal their departure, the footman, who
occupied the box, had put off his livery, and was
clothed in a redingote and other garments bought two
hours before.

" The Under-Prefect attended the carriage at its
leaving the town, and was seated on the box next the
footman. _

" The Bens-d'armes of Saint Andre having de-
manded, while changing horses at their place, who
were the persons in the carriage, the Under-Prefect
immediately got off the box, whispered to them for
a moment, and the gens.d'armes instantly retired.
" The ex-King had hardly crossed the forest of
Annette, when the workmen from a neighbouring
paper mill arrived on the road with the intention of
stopping him."

The Duchess DE NEMOURS and her two children, ac-
companied by the Duke DE MON TPENBIER, arrived at
Southampton yesterday.
Madame GuizoT, the venerable mother of the late
Minister, with Cis two daughters, landed at Folke-
stone this morning. It was supposed that Louis
PHILIPPE was still at Eu.

The Count DE MONTALEMBERT has given in his
adhesion to the Provisional Government, as has the
Duke DEcAzEs.
The Provisional Government has issued the fol-
lowing decree :

-- " FREIgal REPUBLIC.
LIBERTx, tAttiALzix,
" The Provisional Government, considering that
equality is one of the great principles of the French
Republic, and that it ought, in consequence, to be
immediately carried into effect, decrees as follows :
" All the ancient titles of nobility are abolished,
and the qualifications which were attached thereto
are prohibited. They cannot be used publicly, or
figure in any public document whatever.
Signed by
" DUPONT de I'EURE,
"LAMARTINE,
" L. BLANC,
" GARNIER PAGES,
" ARAGO,
"ALBERT,
" CREMIEUX,
" MARRAST,
"FLOCON,
" MARIE,
"LEDRU ROLLIN,
" Members of the Provisional Government."

Marshals Soult, Molitor, Sebastiani, Bugeaud,
Reille, and Dode de la Brunerie ; Generals St. Yon
(M. Guizot's colleague in the War Department),
Fabvier Schramm, Aupick, late Governor of Paris,
Grouche, Preval, Montholon, Feucheres, Oudinot,
Achard, Gourgaud, Lahitte, Paixhans, &c., have sent
in their adhesion to the new Government.
M. LA ROCIIEJAQUELIN has addressed his adhe-
sion to the Provisional Government " without," he
says, " any mental reservation," his motto being—
" Le Pays avant tout."
One hundred and ten hogsheads of wine, found in
the cellars of Neuilly, were removed to Paris on
Tuesday, and distributed among the hospitals of that
capital.

The numbers of the various regiments engaged in
the attacks on the people during the course of the
revolution are to be altered, so that all trace of their
concern with recent events may be lost.
M. DUPIN had been superseded by M. BAROCHE in
the functions of Attorney-General in the Court of
Cessation.

There had been some serious disturbances at Lyons,
and several looms had been destroyed. Tranquillity
was restored when the last accounts left.

Prince Louis NAPOLEON has returned to England.
BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, MARCH 1.
Boulogne and Amiens, 91/4—Namur and Liege, 41,4
Northern of France, 6—Orleans and Bordeaux, 3—Paris
and Lyons, 3—Rouen and Havre, lo%—Sambre and Meuse,
7—West Flanders, 3A.

HOSPITAG FOR CONSUMPTION, &C., AT BROMP-
TON.—Yesterday a general quarterly court of governors
and directors was held in the board-room of the insti-
tution. The Hon. J. W. Percy in the chair. The
special business of the evening having been disposed
of, the subject of " The Rose Charity Fund" and its
benevolent appliances afforded subject of much satisfac-
tion. The recent donation of 5001., by Charles Dixon,
of Stanstead, Hants, was announced, and a hope
expressed, that ere long, sufficient funds would be
accumulated for the erection of a small chapel for th e
use of the patients and officers of the establishment, as
by these means another large ward would be rendered
available for the extension of admission to many in-door
patients. Thanks having been warmly voted to the
Hon. Chairman, the board adjourned.
THE ARMY.—Her Majesty's ship Resistance sailed
from Simon's Bay, Cape of Good Hope, on the 12th of
January with the Ist battalion of the 12th Regiment on
board, and may be hourly expected in England. The
detatchment of the 62d Regiment which was left at the
Cape is on board the Vigilant. The 9Qth Regiment is
on its way home in the General Hewett, from the Cape;
and when the accounts came away arrangements were
being made for the immediate embarkation of the 7th
Dragoon Guards and Ist battalion of the 91st Regiment.
The 27th Regiment were to embark at Algoa Bay for
England.
KILSBY TUNNEL.—The work of relaying the rails
in this tunnel has just been completed; the old stone
blocks have been entirely removed, and both lines
(amounting in the whole to three miles) have been re-
laid with new wooden sleepers. Although for twelve
hours out of the twenty-four during the operation the
whole length of the tunnel has been worked as a single
way, yet through the excellent arrangements made, and
by the aid of a new plan of electric telegraph under
Ifighton's new patent, which is much more certain in
its operation than the old telegraph, and which was
adopted by the directors specially for the purpose, not
one train out of the immense traffic of the London and
North-Western Railway has been delayed in auy way
during prngr‘,:, i•t* the work.
SPECIE FROM AMERICA.—IIe New York packet-
ship Henry Clay, which arrived in Liverpool yesterday,
brought 7,5004 in specie on freight.

MONEY and COMMERCIAL NEWS.
CITY, QUARTER TO THREE.
The Cotton and Share Markets at Liverpool yester-
day were again dull, but sales in the latter are not so
much pressed.
There are accounts of Oct. 19 from South Australia.
The colony was progressing well. The Governor had
made some new arrangements about the sale of mineral
land, but they were not considered satisfactory.
Western Australia is also described as being in a very
flourishing condition.
Papers, of Jan. 4, have come to hand from Graham's
Town, Cape of Good Hope, at which date Kafirland was
being divided into districts with English names, such as
Yorkshire, Bedfordshire, &c.
The continental letters received this morning are not
of a favourable complexion, but although the proclama-
tion of a French Republic was known at Frankfort,
the fact of the news reaching on Sunday pre-
vented much business being done. On the Paris
Bourse, the difference decided upon by the Syndic as
being payable by the speculators who have lost by the
fall, is much too little, and not likely to be agreed to.
The actual decline in French stock is, at the least, 10 to
15 per cent. ; and yet if the statement made in the City
be correct the winners will not be allowed 1 per cent.
Four or five per cent. might fairly have been
granted, for a speculator is expected to take a
reasonable risk, and some definite rule would
operate in similar circumstances whether for Bulls
or Bears. The bona fide holder does not benefit
because French Three per Cents. could not be sold for
cash higher than 60 say, although the Syndic says that
to the speculator they shall be cha4:ed in making up
his book say at 73. The Amsterdam Syndic has
adopted somewhat of a similar plan, and the result is
similar dissatisfaction. At Paris it came to " fisty cuffs"
among the disappointed jobbers, many of whom lost
heavily last account, and hoped to bring themselves
round now, even by a moderate profit.
The following is an interesting account by Messrs.
Mc N air, Greenhow and Co., of the state of the Man-
chester market.
"It would almost appear that business matters were
not to be permitted to resume a healthful and satisfac-
tory position, for no sooner does improvement become
visible, than some adverse influence arises to mar its
progress.
"The month began well. Confidence to a consider-
able extent became manifest, and resulted in a very
general disposition to operate. Transactions were en-
tered into freely, and continued without interruption
until the demand fur higher rates by both spin-
ners and manufacturers, consequent upon a ma-
terial rise in the value of Cotton, caused them,
from the absence of any faith on the part of
buyers that such rise would be permanent to be
limited to existing wants. This state of things
was, however, of short duration. Cotton began to give
way, and, as the decline proceeded, lower prices for the
manufactured article were submitted to, and with them
a general desire to resume active operations for export
as well as the home trade, the latter of which we were
glad to observe had begun to experience a decided im-
provement.
Then came the French news, and caused an unfavour-
able re-action, and a stagnation, though we are pleased
to find the writers concluding in these terms :—" The
transactions, notwithstanding all the adverse circum-
stances, are, as you will notice, considerably greater
than they were any one month for some time previous.*
The Stock Market has been duller to-day, but less
fluctuating. Consols have only ranged from 82 to 82f.
Bank Stock is 191 to 194. Exchequer-bills have been
9s. to 15s. premium. The New l'hree-and-a Quarter
per Cents, have been 83i to 83g.
The Foreign Securities are also quieter. Spanish
Five per Cent. Bonds are 131 to 144, and the Three per
Cents. 24 to 25. Portuguese Four per Cents. have been
18 to Mexican Stock is at 164 to 16, and Brazilian
77 to 78. Dutch Two-and-a-Half per Cents. have
realised 43g.
Railway Shares have in some cases been rather better,
but this does not include the French lines.
BRITISH FUNDS THIS DAY AT ONR O'CLOCK.
(From the Official List.) _

Bank Stock

3 per Cent. Reduced Annuities ... 82%1/
3 per Cert. Consols Anna 82% fig IA 82
New 314 per Cent. Anus. 83% 5/131A
Long Annuities, Exp. Jan. sth, 1860
India Bonds under 1,0001. ....... 5 p par 5 p
Consols for Account
Exchequer Bills. 3d.
1,000/.
500/. ...
Small l6 12 p
Ditto Advertised 5 10 p
PRICE OF FOREIGN FUNDS AT ONE O'CLOCK.
Brazilian Bonds, per Cent
Grenada, 1 per Cent. .
Ditto Deferred
Mexican Bonds, 1846, 5 per Cant l6
Ditto for the Account 15%
Peruvian Bonds, 6 per Cent 2B
Portuguese Bonds, 5 per Cent
Ditto 4 per Cent.
Spanish Bonds, 5 per Cent, 1840
Ditto for the Account . 133/4 1414
Ditto Passive Bends 3%
Spanish Bonds, 3 per Cent 24
Ditto for the Account 25 24
Dividends on the above payable in London.
Dutch 2% per Cent.,l2 Guild 43%
Ditto 4 per Cent. Certificates
Ditto for the Account
BUSINESS DONE IN RAILWAY SHARES AT ONE O'CLOCK
RAILWAYS. PALO PZIL SWAIM.
Aberdeen

Amber., Notting., Boston, &c. 31A - ...... to

Ayrshire and Galloway

Belfast and County Down .. 111/2 .. ..
Birmingham & Oxford June... 20
Birmingham, Wol., & Dudley 10 ... . 14
Birwim6-., yr Vi., ix ..,tuut Yal. 10C.120.... : to -
piitkenhhad. Lancashire, and
Cheshire Junction... i%
Boston, Stamf, & Birming... 5
Bristol and Exeter
Do., Thirds
Buckinghamshire..
Caledonian
Ditto, Half Shares
.. 334.. ... ...... to --
_ .

Ditto, Clydesdale Junction 50— to
Chester and Holyhead 37% 2O
Ditto, Preference
Clarence.
_ _

Do., Ist Class, 6 per Cent... 10
Do., 2d Class, 5 per Cent... 10
Do., Goy. Loan, 4 per Cent. 10
Direct London & Portsmouth 8:
Dublin and Belfast Junction.. 25
Dundalk and Enniskillen ... 171
East Anglia, 25/. L. & E.,
aad L. & D
Ditto, 181., E. is II lB .....
Ditto, 31. 10s., E. & IL.. 31/2 314 t•
Eastern Counties
Do. Perpet., 5 per ct. No. 1,6/ l3s. 4d...
Do., d 0.... N 0.2,6/. 13s. 4d... 1/2 dis to
Do., Northern & Eastern... 50
Do., Quarter .... . l2l/2. . ..
Do., New
Baste= Union ... ... .. 50
Ditto, Quarter Shares ...... 121
Ditto., Thirds ...135. 4d — to
Ditto (guar. 6 per cent.) ... 10
Ditto, ditto
East Lancashire
..... ...
Ditto,
New .. ... . . 13
..... to
...

Do., New Quarters
East Lincolnshire l6 tz ......
Edinburgh and Glasgow 5O —
Ditto, Half Shares
Ditto, Quarter Shares 121,( . -
Edinburgh and Northern ... 221% —
Ditto, New ..... .. ...... ...... 3% — ...... to
Ditto, New port l2
Ditto, ditto, New 2%
Exeter, Yeovil, & Dorchester 2% — ...... to
Ditto, New
Glasg., Dumfries, & Carlisle..Bl. 68.8 d... to
Glasgow, Kilmarnock, & Ayr 50 ...... to
Ditto, New
Do. Preference Consolidated 15 .....
Great Northern l3 -
Do. London & York Eaten. 21h — ...... to

Gt. South. & West. (Ireland) 37 i 72 — ...... to
Great North of England 100
Ditto, New 40/
Ditto, New 301
Ditto, New 15/...... ... ...... 61/2...... . to
Great Western
Ditto, Half Shares
Ditto, Quarter Shares
Ditto, Fifths 2O
Do. New 171
Huddersfield and Manchester 24 .. -.
Ditto, Thirds 8
Hull and Selby
Ditto, Half Shares• Ditto, Quarter Shares l2l/2 to
Ipswich & Bury St. Edmunds 171/2 — ...... to
Do. do. and Norwich
Do., do., Extension Scrip
(late (Camb. and Ely) 21/2 —
Lancaster and Carlisle.... ... 50
Do., Thirds... lO
Lancashire and Yorkshire ... 93 ..... to
Ditto, ditto ...... 82
Ditto Half Shares
Ditto Quarters
Ditto Fifths
Ditto Sixteenths ... ..... ... qt...., . ..... to
Ditto Thirds (Reg.) ... 101.4 s —
Do. Liverpool and Bury... 38
Do. (Rudders. and Shetf.) 33
Do., Wakefield, Pontefract,
and Goole
Do., West Riding -Union ...4/. 25.....
Do., Preston and Wyre ... 25
Do., do., Half Shares (A) 9 ......
Ditto ditto ..............(B) 114
Leeds and Bradford
Leeds,Dewsbury, & Manches 421/2 to
Do., Branch 1/2 Shares ls
Ditto, New Branch (tape). 21%
Ditto, Extension (green)... 21/2 —
Do., New Exten. (pink)... '2l/2 — ...... to
Leeds and Thirsk ...-... ...... 40
Ditto, New
Do., do., Prefer., 6 per Cent. 31/2. .... 6
Liverpool, Crosby, and South-
port.
Liverpool, Manchester, and
Newcastle Junction
London & Blackwall ...131. 6s. 8d 5 x.d.... to 5!,4 x.d
Ditto New, No. 2 5l. 13s. 4d.... 11/2 die. to
Do. Extension
Lond., Bright., & South Coast 50
Do. Consolidated Eighths... 40 ... .
Do. Guaranteed 5 per Cont. 9 . .....
Do. Pref. Cony. 5 per Cent. 50 ...... ..
Ditto, ditto 1852 50 .....
London and Greenwich... 12/. 155. 4d...
Ditto Preference lBl 17s 2d... ...... to
London & North Western.....loo 135 136 to 134x.d.
Do. Quarter ......L. end B. 22
Do. do. New ...... ...• ...... 2
Do. do. Fifths
Do. Quarters
Do, 40/. Shares L. &M. 15 . _ to
Do. 40/. Shares... M. and s 3. 40 ..„.. ....._.
Do. 101.... M. and B. (A.) 71/2..... -
DO, 104 .U. and B. (B.) 7% — to