The Sun.
London, England, 1846-04-28 00:00:00

met his eye, he noticed the amount of feeling which he dis-
played whenever a paper was read containing any account of
Irish outrage, while an outrage of a deeper dye in Sheffield
merely exi.ited a smile, The Hon. Member here read a state-
ment which detailed the destruction effected by an infernal
machine. formed of an iron tube, filled with powd,r, and placed
under the warehonies of Messrs, .1. and W. Marshall, in Shef-
field. Was not this mote atrocious than shooting at a man
from behiiid a hedge? and yet the attention of the House had
not beet directed to it. Was it the intention of the Gov;.-_
pieta to adoi t any measures to prevent such es?
Sir J. GRAHAM said, that when
asked by the Honourable :de question was formerly
r`.'..,er, he was not aware as to thn
real state of facto, He was sorry to say, that nt..lert76 Ififanious
crimes has btn.r, perpetrated, but he was r.Vaid to state that
Sheffiei`t was the only town it l t'.'4.;laiid where this had been
P.bnimitted. With reirts'is. to the latter part of the Honourable
Gentleman's quict,llon be would state that it was not :13t',VdsA
to ineludt Sheffield in the Coercion Bill, bet If be t as iniotmed
thtt the laws there were not suit cipt
1-4 cress outrage, he
would have no hesitation it f5l bliltial capacity, to propose
measures to meet the. tititClilty.—( Hear, hear.)
Mr. FARIMft iiould assure the House that the greatest
regret tkgtl'st, consternation, and alarm, were excited tiller.
eld by these occurrences, and an irepreshal was very gene-
rally entertained that if the offendet't were not brought to justice
the most disastrous celase‘an's would follow, and the trade of
the town would he Every one was most anxious tlital".,
they shoia hN Att.:Zeivered.
MAN WARD begged to add his tes,,,tittt:of.Y. icei what had fallen
frot'll the Hon. Member wise te'SFSai down, as also to the exer-
tions made by the Rw,t Vion. Baronet to discover the offenders
in these disista'nful occurrences. There coercien, !ttoileAe`it,
would !tot do. The best mode of meeting till) Chao Was by ap-
reAlS to the good sense of the rcrftt4.-aasses, and by pointing
out the disastrous corisestt'ffeea which must result to the trade
of the town by tVich disgraceful proceedings. The leading
men amoug the working-classes saw that a continutnan Rich
a Course would prove ruinous to the interest, 4, the .o*n.
HEALTH OF TOWN'S BILL.
Lord DUNCAN V7.151*(11'6 WrinW if it was the intention of
her Majesty's 606faieht to introduce the Health of Towns
Bill. this seWon

SirT Fi -r'
J. AA. lAM said, it appeared to this House
!sect quite as much business on ite fanAs as it could dispose of
in the present session. e 44 near, hear.) The Government was
certainly prepersel 'to carry on the measure in question, let
variass tt'aendments were proposed in it, and, if h 1,1,--w any
prospect of its beirg carried he would l_telV-3-thice it, but at
present he should declined piseg eele
CHARf ti.E TRUSTS BILL,
Sir G. GRV.Y. ;aid that this Bill had been brought into ttl'a
other Revise of Parliament, but there it ley,. teal noidiiiig Was
di :Me with it. He wished to.tieeore if' the Government would
proceed with that mei.seses the House of Lords this session ?
Sir J. GRAH Nt said, it so happened that he had been
speakir.7, lo the Lord Chancellor to-day, and lie told 41‘.nt that
tt, was the intention to proceed with the pill Sills s?tsioit.
ADJOURNED DERATE.—PRtTT 'CTION TO LIFE
(IRELANii) 'ALL.
Mr. APCARTHY Said that at this stage of the debate,
after the subject had been so fully discussed on both sides of
the House, he should not occupy their attention to any length,
or trouble the House with any stutlstiral documents He*ishetl
simply to confine himself to those observation *filch ehould
arise spontaneously on the subject. The first consideration
which would naturally suggest. itself tai the mind would be, what
was the origin of the evil New it appeared to be admitted
on all sides that the origin of these distresses was to be round
in an agrarian cause. This had been eeittlitted by all Hon.
Members who had addressed the House on that subject. It
would be impossible to take eta n the most cursory view of the
history of Ireland without arriving, a priori, at the eenelasien,
that the system patch had existed for so lng a period was in-
evitably 21'.'ied to the worst, prieciele-e, which had tended to
bit* about those miseries t-orn which Ireland, as a country,
was at the present'. period suffering. The class of the larger
proprietors sea estranged themselves from the affections of
the Iteople ' • those sympathies whiels hound the people
together, from the rich tieing with the poor and
alleviating their suireeltigs, had been entirely destroyed. The
class of lareser pi oprietors found themselves in a state of hos-
tility i.e'ith the people, and being aware that their incomes
Would enable them to live ahrescl, they abandoned the land,
and left the people to as they liked, and as they could.
Another class or proprietors arose ; these were the small
landed proprietors. These men, from their narrow circum-
stances, could not imitate the condeet of the great proprie-
tors who had abandoned their country. They continued to live
among the people; Lilt their means were inadequate to supply
their wants. Ile would ask, did this 8111 propose to adjust
those perilous relations between landlord and tenant which
Were so productive of evil ? Had it suggested any remedy for
the prevention of Those crimes which have of late been so fre-
quent in various districts of Ireland ? How did it endeavour
to prevent crime ? It was said that the peculiar characteristics
of these assassinations in Ireland were, that they
were committed in the open day, and to prevent
these crimes it was intended to shut up the people after dusk.
But would that cause assassinations by day to be less, or would
that prevent those ruffians who stalked abroad at night from
meeting upon a lonely glen or mountain heath ? No, it would
have no such effect, but he did believe that if this Bill were
passed the effect would be to shake the foundation of property
in Ireland to its very base. The more he reflected upon the
provisions of this Bill the more clearly he saw their inadequacy
to meet the exigencies of the case. It wanted that fitness for
its end, it lacked that adaptation of the means to the end. It
was the misfortune of the present Administration, and also of
those who had preceded it, that the Government of Ireland
was committed only to a body of law officers. May be some
Noble Lord, who was excellent as the head of his estate in the
country, was selected to fill the office of Lord- Lieutenant, or
perhaps the office might be filled by some Gallant Officer
whose only qualification to fill the office consisted in his having
fought the battles of his country. But one and all of those
who went over to Ireland knew nothing of the
country, were unacquainted with the people, their character,
their wants, their passions and their prejudices. And they were
wanting in all those elements which must enter into the mind
of any man who knew how to govern the people. This was
the description of every Lord-Lieutenant who was sent to
govern Ireland. He was assisted by a chief Secretary. They
must seek advice. Then the law officers presented themselves—.
the Attorney-General—the Solicitor-General ; then the Coun-
sel for the Crown appeared. Those were gentlemen who were
deeply read in law, and in the knowledge of the practice of the
law courts. They were men deeply read in the law history of
the country. They were perfectly conversant in white-boy
trials, coercion acts, and state trials ; but beyond that their
knowledge how to govern was very limited. Depend upon it,
if Ireland was to be governed for the benefit of that country,
and the advantage of this nation, it must be governed through
the affections of the great majority of the people. What, he
would ask, had been done to gain the affections of the Irish
people? The Emancipation Bill had not been granted until
the pressure from without had become too strong to be resisted.
It was compelled by necessity, instead of being the voluntary
offer of justice. The people of Ireland were still refused the
boon of being placed upon the same footing as the people of
England. They had an establishment thrust upon them,
ad•• pted to the wants only oe e leventh portion of the popu-
lation, and it was refused to apply the surplus revenue of that
establishment for the benefit of the majority of that people.
That was an anomaly which was pointed at by the whole civi-
lized word. They had seen the man, whom they had been
accustomed to look upon as the instrument of obtaining what-
ever of good they possessed, subjected to persecution and
imprisonment, and the sentence which had been pro-
nounced upon him had been afterwards pronounced, by the
highest tribunal in the land, to be illegal and unjust.
See also what they had done in refererce to the magistracy.
Because several of that body had sympathized with the people,
they had been struck off the list, and the people were forced to
go before tribunals made up of parties who had ever been
opposed to them in religion and politics. Could that secure the
affections of the Irish people ? They applied with one hand a
salve to the wound of Irish distress, but with the other applied
an irritant to the constitution ; and when the people were
excited to madness the disease was said to be inherent in the
patient. —( Hear, hear.) lie was not to be led away from the
consideration of the evils of Ireland, by the engaging smiles of
the Right Hon. Gentleman, the secretary for the Home De-
partment, for not only the general feeling that pervaded the
Government, but the tone that prevailed in another place
forbade him to hope for anything like an adequate redress.
He had seen sentiments in the newspapers attributed to a
Noble Duke, and to a Noble and Learned Lord that usually
acted as Mentor to the Government, which, if they were to be
taken as the guides of the Government, put an end to all hope
of the people of Ireland receiving any redress from that
quarter.--( Hear, hear,) The Noble and Learned Lord had
referred to the system of clearing estates, and he
called it a great evil, but then " they must not
interfere with the rights of property, as that was the distin-
guishing feature between the civilised and savage man. They
were not to interfere with such sacred rights. But he (Mr.
Macarthy) would say to that, that property and rights were
but the creatures of society, and were to be committed in
agreement with the public weal—e Hear, hear)—and to be
dwfearom destroying the source from whence they flowed.
w‘eet hv e wouldtnhtee wdmit
ellbeing
noef
therights t
aotfe.
T propertyhen thatw
the
sameere i nNceohnlsei sat eendt
tLearned
greatest Lordoe
one
saidi a theall
ecclesiastical Church
, aewd
evil under which Ireland laboured.
Butybecausaestthhaene aagnnrooemamtaealslyy:
Iwfatshseo
pgereepalt, te ()fi fe
Ireland evil s o
aesnkozi
foeurs ,
redress,th ey inu
theys must not e
rree
toldm ov e
thatit .
the evils were too great to be removed, and their remon-
strances neglected. But he would tellthem they might manage
to exert a power and a force over the land, but
they would never prevail over the inhabitants of Ireland.—
(Hear, hear.) They, might act on the principles of Elizabeth,
and carry out the policy of Stafford, but over the people they
would never succeed.—( Hear, hear.) They knew not how to
deal with the people of Ireland • they did not understand their
true character. He would call their attention to the opinion
of an illustrious foreigner, one high in wisdom, as to the cha-
racter of the country. M. Thierny said that in Ireland blood
was still shed for the old ground of contest. A quarrel, in
which the spirit of the people had beers sustained through ages
against their conquerors, anda recollection ftheextrlopsles liber-
ties of era
people in the history -
ties preserved, presenting one
of
e w
sthseiagrh.
t) Letf. Thneoyt
this estimate of that people's characteror
had sought to govern the people of Ireland as an inferior race,
ant to govern Ireland, they
must do her justice. They ld.,a
lost
must not make her the battle-
fieldand they had failed. If they me
of party and faction, but treat her as a portion of a great
empire, on whose well-being depended that of the whole.—
( Hear, hear.) They had tried all the means of force and
penal enactments they could devise, in order to govern Ire-
land ; but had they tried what conciliatory
He had entered that house independent
of either of the great
he wished to' see justice done
parties of the state, neither a Whig nor Tory, but as belonging
to the party of the nation, and
Hon. Baronet, in
the conduct of the Right
great satisfaction
to the country which he represented. He had witnessed with
reference to great commercial interests of the country, in
considerations,for the pur-
pose of obtaining a great national good.—(Cheers
which he had disregarded all party
) In pro •
good, he
a great national
posing that measure for obtaining
(Mr. Macarthy) now called him to exhibit the same
had shown wisdom and ability worthy of admiration;
_tian deal-
ing
d h 0
with the wrongs of Ireland.—( Hear, hear.) Let him
who sought to
not follow the dictates of party, nor those
govern Ireland on the old principle of force, but apply to it
the same comprehensive views which he had displayed on the
commercial interests of the country. Having supplied the
wants of commerce, let him also supply the social and poli-
tical wants of Ireland, and thus emulate himself.—(Cheers. )
Mr. BAILLIE wished to make a few observations, in doing
which he would not emulate other Hon. Gentlemen in going
into details on the question. What they had to consider was,
whether the Bill was necessary in the present state of Ireland?
Unless the Government was prepared with a case to that effect,
he could not support the granting of such extraordinary
powers. In his opinion the Government had made out such a
case, though Hon. Members opposite said not. It had been
said by several of them that as great an amount of crime pre-
vailed in England as there did in Ireland. He was not going
to enter into a discussion as to the amount of crime that pre-
vailed, but he would just call their attention to the difference
which existed between the two countries. In Ireland it was
almost impossible to bring a criminal to justice. They never
heard in England of murder taking place during the day with-
out a hand being stretched out to arrest the murderer; of
secret associations to deter witnesses from giving evidence in
such cases, or of organised assassination societies. Under such
circumstances, he could not see how, in justice, they could re-
fuse giving increased powers to the Government, so as to pro-
tect life and property. Some Hon. Members on the other side
said the Bill was required, but that it should be accompanied
by remedial measures. He would ask, what measures?