The Sun.
London, England, 1846-08-29 00:00:00

EVENING, ATTGATST 29, 1846.

SATURDAY'

THE SALT MONOPOLY.

The salt monopoly of India has been often noticed
under this head as a subject of serious complaint in the
local papers. The Serampore journal, thct Friend qf
India, well known for the knowledge it displays of com-
merce and statistics, has particularly distinguished itself
as an advocate for the admission of British salt, and the
consequent abolition of the present monopoly, which con-
fines the population of India to the salt taken from the
shores of the Bed Sea and the Persian Gulf.

Hitherto we have mentioned the monopoly as a matter
of local complaint only, and the notice of the subject has
been confined to occasions when the Indian papers have
arrived. Now, however, the question has changed its
character, and appears as one which is taken up with
great warmth by the salt trade of this country. They
are convinced of the fact that England can supply India
with salt to an unlimited amount, to the great benefit of
both countries, and they grow restless at the obstacle
which the salt monopoly places in their way.
The following resolutions, passed at a meeting of the
Chamber of Commerce of the white salt trade, held at
Northwich on the 13th inst., will clearly show the state
of feeling on the subject :
" It being higly desirable for the interests of the salt
trade of this country that the Indian markets (whose
annual consumption is at least 250,000 to 300,000
tons) should be fairly opened for the admission of
British manufactured salt, which can be supplied of a
far purer quality, and at much lower rates, than that
produced under the East India Company system :
" Resolved, that each salt manufacturer in Cheshire
and Worcestershire be requested to use his personal
interest, individually as welt as collectively, to abolish a
monopoly so injurious to the interests of the salt trade of
England. •
" That, as the admission of British salt into India in-
timately affects not only the price, but also the supply
of Bengal sugars, and is likewise f the greatest import-
ance to the shipowners and manufacturers of this
country, it is advisable that a letter be drawn up
and forwarded by the Chairman of the Salt Chamber
of Commerce to the Chairman of the Shipowners'
Association in London and Liverpool—the East India
and China Association—the Manchester, Liverpool,
Bristol, and Glasgow Chambers of Commerce—re-
questing their aid and assistance, separately and col-
lectively, as well as that of the individual members of
the various chambers and associations over which they
preside, in order to abolish a monopoly so fraught with
mischief to the manufacturing, shipping, and commercial
interests of England, as well as so injurious to the moral,
domestic, and political economy of the people of India ;
and in order that an accurate knowledge may generally
be diffused of the working and effects of the salt mono-
poly in India, 150 copies of Mr. IX C. Aylwin's Salt
Pamphlet be forwarded to each of the above gentlemen,
with a request that they will distribute them amongst
such shipowners, manufacturers, sugar, refiners, and
merchants, as they may deem most interested in the
Indian trade, or most likely to take up and advocate this
question.
" That, as it is desirable the Board of Control should
be petitioned prior to applying to Parliament for redress,
a deputation from the salt proprietors of England shall
as soon as possible be formed ; and that this Chamber
be requested to place itself in communication with the
chairman of the) Shipowners' Association in London
and Liverpool—the East India and China Associations—
the Manchester, Liverpool, Bristol, and Glasgow Cham-
bers of Commerce, to request their active co-operation
in submitting to their various chambers and associa-
tions the prcpriety of uniting in one common body, to
petition the Board of Control to abolish a monopoly
which is equally prejudicial to the interests of all.
" That circular letters, with the above resolutions at-
tached, be forwarded to each member of the salt trade,
with a request that, with as little delay as possible, a
list may be furnished to the Chamber of Commerce of
such individuals to whom each member may wish a copy
of Mr. Aylwin's Salt Pamphlet to be forwarded.
" That a general meeting of the salt trade of Eng-
land be called for Monday, August 31, at the Angel Inn,
Northwich, at one o'clock; and

"That Mr. Aylwin be respectfully requested to attend
such meeting.
" W. WORTHINGTON, Chairman."

It will be perceived that a pamphlet by Mr. Aylwin
is mentioned as of peculiar importance. This is a
quarto work, in which the information relative to the
salt monopoly, and its effect on the most varied inte-
rests, has been collected with the greatest diligence,
every fact which it contains being borne out
by a reference to the most extensive tables. For the
purpose of collecting this information,- Mr. Aylwin
went from England to Calcutta, and there from resi-
dent merchants obtained the great mass of material
which he now lays before the commercial public. The
pamphlet being of rather formidable dimensions,
though excessively interesting to all who are prac-
tically concerned with the subject, Mr. Aylwin has added
another, of smaller size, that exhibits at a glance the
salient points of the case. As his object is to spread his
views as widely as possible, this is a judicious proceed-
ing ; but, nevertheless, all who wish to make themselves
acquainted with the question—audit is a very important
one, with the most various bearings—should peruse the
larger production in addition to the abridgment.
In the first place, the question is treated as one of re-
venue, and here the principle is laid down that if the
Government of India has not netted 3 rupees per maund
(the duty on imported salt), the salt moaopoly causes a
loss to the Treasury. Now, it appears that the total
amount of salt manufactured by the East India Company
between the years 1793-4 and 1844-5 (including a com-
paratively small amount imported) was iiot less than
237,347,544 mounds, which, at 3 rupees per maund,
would have yielded the Government a revenue of
712,042,662 rupees, whereas the revenue actually realised
does not exceed 606,268,280 rupees, thereby showing a
loss by manufacturing of no less than 105,774,382
rupees, or upwards of 10,500,0001. sterling.
By a comparison of the state of the population at two
different periods a new result is obtained, which bears
greatly upon the philanthropic view of the question.
From the year 1813-14 to the to the year 1844-r,, the
population has increased 50 per cent., whereas in the
same time the amount of salt manufactured by the East
India Company has only advanced at the rate of 6 per
cent., although the consumption of imported articles has
kept pace with the increased number of the people. In
case this fact should not be sufficiently valued, from a
notion that salt is not so absolutely necessary to the In-
dian population, it is as well to quote the opinion on
this matter of the late Rammohun Roy
" As salt has by long habit become an absolute neces-
sary of life, the poorest peasants are ready to sur-
render everything else in order to procure a small pro-
portion of this article, though the dearth of the salt is
felt by the whole community ; and the people in general
are therefore obliged to make use of a bad quality, and
few, comparatively, are able to incur the expense of pro-
curing it in a purer form.
"As the food of the people in Bengal consists chiefly
of boiled rice, which is, by itself, a most insipid kind of
food, salt, and the ingredients dressed with salt, are used
to season the rice, and render it palatable. The rice is
usually eaten with what the Hindoos call byunyun or
turkaree, and the Mussulmans salun; that is, something
such as a little fish, or dal (a kind f dressed pease), or
vegetables, according to their abilities to procure these
articles. But as they have been long accustomed to the
use of salt, the high cost of this ingredient sometimes
obliges the poor people to give up their byunyun or sulun
to procure it, and eat their rice with salt alone.

Salt being, as I already observed, an absolute neces-
sary of life, is now purchased, even by the poorest in-
dividuals, at the sacrifice of every other kind of season-
ing and eatable but rice, the staff of life. If salt were
rendered cheaper and better, it must greatly promote the
common com:orts of the people. Ido not know that it
would immediately cause a very considerable increase of
consumption, but, to a certain extent it would undoubt-
edly; and, from its cheapness, its use may be again ex-
tended by the people in seasoning the food of cattle, for
which purpose formerly large quantities were used. The
poorer classes, at any rate, would not in this case be
compelled to sacrifice any other comfort in order to
procure it.

" A s I understand, the price of salt is here about
one-fourth of what it is in India ; therefore there is no
doubt that the natives of India would be very glad to
purchase English salt, if imported, excepting, perhaps, a
very few professional Brahmins. The bulk of the
people would make no distinction between the salt which
is home made and that which is imported. One-fourth
(if not one-third) of the soda-water manufactured in
Calcutta by Europeans is, I think, used by the natives
residing in Calcutta and its suburbs, and also a conside-
rable portion of the liquors imported from Europe,

" The adulteration of the salt is carried to an enor-
mous extent, by mixing it with one-third, or even one-
half of earth, until, instead of being like salt, it more
resembles the earth of which it is partly composed. Per-
sons in comfortable circumstances generally purify it,
by manufacturing it over again before they use it, or
purchase it already. .refined, often at double the common
price ; but the poorer classes cannot afford the expense
of either."
The fact is, the deficiency of salt is in some measure
supplied by smuggling, for which the extensive frontier
affords the greatest facilities. Still, however, setting
aside the consideration that smuggling is invariably at-
tended with the most immoral consequences, the Indians
appear to be most scantily supplied with this very neces-
sary article, and the indirect effect of the high price of
salt, and the indigence of the people, is considered by
Mr. Aylwin to be a cause of the decline in the exporta-
tion of sugar :
" To what is this remarkable decline to be attributed?
Has the demand decreased? Is the profit on the pro-
competitors arisen? Have
oHrtaatvieonfroesrhimportation been imposed
dneticartid°
in England or in India, to check the enterprise of the
un t
es
ss s
oe
nn eedx?p
Bengal grower? Has the consuming population dimi-
nished? Or, in fact, has any rational cause ever been
assigned to account for this mercantile phenomenon? I
answer confidently and emphatically in the negative :
none of the above-mentioned causes have arisen. India
enjoys the same advantages that she did in 1840-41 ;
but she is unhappily not in a condition to avail herself
of them. She is not enabled to put forth and show her
capabilities of production, while the industry and energy
of her vast labouring population are paralysed, as they
now are, by the oppression and injustice of the salt mo-
nopoly. There are limits to the extent of human labour;
and while that is strained to the uttermost to provide the
means of obtaining the bare essentials of existence, no
margin is left for the application of time, labour, and
capital in order to procure clothing, which by the poorer
Hindoo, I grieve to say, is now regarded as merely one
of the luxuries of life."

_
The shipping interest are also concerned in the ques-
tion, as is shown by the following extract from the short
pamphlet:—
"Of the wonderful advantage that wi 1 accrue to
British shipping from such an increase in the expo-t
trade to India, it is impossible to form an estimate. A
complete revolution, in fact, will be effected in the condi-
tion of the India shipowner, now struggling with the
serious and almost paralysing influence of steam. Owing to

Week
ending

Aug. 22

the balance of the export trade being at present in favourof
India, the average freight of dead weight from Calcutta
to London, from 1840 to 1845 inclusive, has been
41. 7s. 7-fd., and of light goods, 3/. 14s. Gid., while ship-
ments from this country to the East, of metals and other
goods, have been generally effected at from 15s. to 255.,
and sometimes even so low as Gs. per ton. Our ship-
ov, ners, indeed, have been glad to take what they could
get for an outward cargo, trusting for profit entirely to
the homeward voyage."
Altogether, a subject of very wide importance appears
to be opening to the commercial, and indeed to the
general, public of this country.—limes' City Article.

THE LATE DEATHS FROM POI-

SONOUS BERRIES.

John Hilliard, the man charged with vending the poi-
sonous berries which caused the death of Thomas
Parker, and the child Jones, was again examined on
the charge of manslaughter, at the Thames Police-court.
Mrs. Parker repeated the testimony which she gave
on her previous examinations, and proved that the pri-
soner pressed.the fruit upon her by the strongest recom-
mendations as to its agreeable flavour, as well as its
wholesome qualities. He said he brought the b.-rries
from a long distance, and that they were just then very
scarce. In describing the effect which the poison pro-
duced, she said that soon after eating the berries her
fingers tingled, and her knees gave way, so as that she
felt as if she was dropping down. Her tongue swelled,
her throat became dry, and she lost the power of utter-
ance. She then became insensible, and was, as she un-
derstood, removed to the London Hospital ; but she re-
collected nothing more until she found herself in bed
there the next morning. Her husband was there also,
and died whilst she was with him. .

Mr. William Prophet, surgeon, Church-lane, White-
chapel, repeated the evidence which has already been
published. describing the various effects which the action
of the poison produced.
George Birch, 105 B, apprehended the prisoner on
the 20th instant at Strutton-ground, Westminster, He
was selling blackberries at the time. Witness told him
that he suspected him to the person who had sold poi-
sonous berries in Whitechapel. Witness took him to
the station, where he denied all knowledge of the poi-
sonous berries, and said that he had not sold berries in
Whitechapel, adding that he had heard of Whitechapel,
but did not know the way there. He further said that
he had gathered and sold herbs and berries fur the last
twenty years, and ought therefore to know what was
fruit and what was not. At Whitechapel he showed
witness the way to the station, and admitted that he
knew every turning about the place.
John Williams, gas•fitter, 2, Wellington-street, Black-
friars-road, and John Lambert, 24, Pear- tree-street,
Waterloo-road, proved having also bought some berries
from the prisoner. When selling them he said they
were beautiful fruit, and fit to make pies and puddings.
They were both subsequently seriously affected after
eating them.
Elizabeth Tappin, 5, Upper Somerford-street, stated
that on Saturday week the man came up with his black-
berries and what he called dewberries. A young man
who lodged in the house came to the door and told the
prisoner that the berries were poison, cautioning the
witness not to buy them. He said to the prisoner, "If
you are a countryman at all, you ought to know that
they are poison." He at the same time explained to the
prisoner what they were, and in what places they grew.
The prisoner said they are ripe and sweet and fit to eat,
but the lodger again contradicted him, saying, " Yes I
know they are sweet, but they are rank poison." Wit-
ness declined purchasing them, and the prisoner went on
still crying out " berries."
Mr. Donegan, who had charge of the case, was pre-
pared with a host of supplementary evidence, but in the
then stage of the case it was not deemed desirable to en-
cumber the inquiry with any extraneous matter. He
was, however, directed to keep together all the substan-
tial evidence which he could collect, there being some
doubt as to whether the prisoner should be committed on
the charge of murder or manslaughter. The prisoner
was ultimately remanded until next Saturday. The in-
quiry, which occupied five hours, excited the most in-
tense interest, and the court was crowded with persons
anxious to hear the details of the evidence.

NAME OF RAILWAY.

Arbroath and Forfar ••••• •• ••

Bristol and Birmingham . • • • • • • • • • • • •
Chester and Birkenhead . • • • • • • • • • • • •
Dublin and Drogheda• . • . • • • • • • • • • • • •
Dublin and Kingstown • ..... • • • • • • • •
Dundee and Arbroath . • • • • • • • • • . • • • •
Durham and Sunderland ............ •
Edinburgh and Glasgow . •• • • • •• • •
Eastern Counties and North Eastern..
East ern Union .. ........

Glasgow, Kilmarnock, and Ayr • • • • • •
Glasgow and Greenock.. ....... .• . •

GraN7esend and Rochester....
Great Western ....... • ............

Hartlepool ......
London and North Western, &c......
London and 81ackwa11..............
London and Brighton ...............
London and Croydon .......... .....

London and South Western •.....
Manchester, Bolton, and Bury •• .. ..
Manchester and Birmingham........
Manchester, Leeds, and Bull Assoc..
Midland Counties.....

Newcastle and Darlington •• •• ....
Newcastle and Carlisle.. •...........
Newcastle and North 5hie1d5........

North British .............. ..... ...
North Union and Bolton and Preston
Paris, Corbeil, and Orleans ....
Paris and Rouen ...................

Preston and Wyre...........

Richmond

Sheffield and Manchester...........
South Eastern..

South Devon ........
Taff Vale • • • ..... • • • • ••

Ulster . • •

York and North Midland . ....

Last
week.

975
1,140

541
4,373
8,826

478
2,878
17,104

304
19,873

954
47,656
1,382
9,896

7,809
1,262

7.974
20,941
3.290
2,397

1,719
2,249

8,043
1,320

2,404
10,544
1,066
1,393

Gm
mi •
E ti icaD
b.—
ifi -5

228
7711
1,006
1,226
346
467
3,058
5,190

2,471
1,u30

18,807
1.151
44,657
1,392
7,662

8,523
981

7,777
17,944
2,855
1,816
516
1,331

6,(i4G
7,210
1,212

1,641
8,823

1,200

636
8,351

664
6,578

FATAL ACCIDENT IN CHEAPSIDE —On Thursday
night Mr. J. Payne, the deputy-coroner, held an inquest at
St. Bartholomew's Hospital, on the body of John Price,
lately residing at No. 13, Lambeth-bill, Upper Thames-
street. It appeared from the evidence that the deceased was
a coffee-roaster, and on the night of Monday last, while in
the act of crossing the carriage-way, Cheapside, be was
knocked down by one of Messrs. Chaplin and Horne's heavily
laden waggons, and before the driver could stop the horses
the near fore wheel passed over his body. He was raised up
by the foot passengers, placed in a cab, and conveyed to the
above hospital, where he died on Wednesday night from the
effects- of severe injury to the lower part of the abdomen,
compound commuted fracture of the right hand, and rupture
of the bladder and pelvis. The jury returned a verdict of
"Accidental death."

An inquest was held yesterday at the London Hos-
pital, by Mr. W. Baker, jun., touching the death of Thomas
Silby, aged twenty-seven, a carman in the the employ of
Mr. Sedger, cowkeeper, of Rotherhithe. On Wednesday
evening deceased was driving a waggon, drawn by three
horses, and laden with an iron tank, from his master's house
in Rotherithe to Bow-common, in Devonshire .street, Mile-
end-road; he attempted to get on the shafts, and in doing
so, be fell under the wheels, his head being crushed in a
frightful manner. Verdict—" Accidental death."
THE FIRST OF SEPTEMBER.—Tuesday next will call
our sporting friends to the field, and from all we learn there
is a most satisfactory prospect for them—a promise of fair
autumn weather, a clear country, and plenty of game. The
spring being favoural le, the birds were hatched early, and,
consequently, they are forward, wild, we are told, and
strong on the wing; but the coveys are large, and as the
sportsman will this year be nowhere impeded by the whet-
ting of scythes and the rumbling of harvest waggons—in
fact, having "the country all before him where to choose,"
except where some grim gamekeeper growls Cerberus-like
round the winged ones, they will have little difficulty in fill
ing their game bags; and we hope the successful will not
forget to discharge their obligations to their friends as well
as their barrels.—Chelmsford Chronicle.
THE LATE ROYAL YACHT SQUADRON REGATTA, AND
PRINCE ALBERT'S CUP.—In consequence of a protest having
been entered by some of the competitors in the sailing match
for this cup, against it being awarded to R. Carnac, Baronet,
the owner of the yacht Heroine (the alleged winner), on the
grounds that the start was not an equal one, and that the
Heroine nearly ran into the Drift when rounding the flag
boat. The subject has caused a good deal of dispute, and the
Duke of Beaufort will claim the cup, and hand it over to the
committe to be sailed for in a future match.

FATAL COLLlSlON.—Yesterday evening, between five
and six o'clock, several gentlemen were sailing on the river
in a smart yacht, of about nine tons burthen, and in tacking
off Vauxhall she came in violent collision with a small skiff,
in which were three persons, named Gerard, Walker, and
Nurse, who live together in the Belvidere-road, who were
proceeding up the river to ➢lortlake, to spend the evening
with a relation. The skiff almost instantly filled and went
down, leaving the three unfortunate persons struggling in
the water. An alarm was instantly given, and several per-
sons rowed to the spot, and succeeded in rescuing Walker
and Nurse, after they had sunk several times. Unfortunately
Mr. Gerard was never seen to rise again. The yacht was
instantly put about, and rendered every assistance in their
power. No blame whatever could be attached to the persons
in her. The drags were used as soon as possible, but the
body could not be found.

THE MENAI TUNNEL,-INTERESTING QUESTION.-
Have any calculations been made as to the probable effect
likely to be produced by a heavy gale of wind, either from
the south-west, or north-east, on the proposed structure?
We have had ample proof of its destructive character upo❑
suspension bridges similarly exposed, presenting, compara-
tively speaking, a small surface to the action of that powerful
and at times irresistible element, whereas this tubular bridge
is to be 450 feet long, 30 feet high, and 15 feet wide, offering
13,500 square feet of rigid surface (exclusive of the width
under the roading) to its resistance. With every confidence
in the genius, capacity, and talent of the eminent man who
designed the tubular bridge, further and more satisfactory
information would be exceedingly interesting to the profes-
sion, and I have no doubt to the public at large.—Correspon-
dent of' the Builder.
A lamentable proof of how far the force of the ima-
gination will lead a person was given on Friday last at Sois-
sons. A pastry-cook of that place, named Dodment, while
fishing on the banks of the river, suddenly fancied Ile heard
a voice saying, ‘; You will hang yourself, you will hang your-
self." Tormented by the sound which never ceased ringing
in his ears, he returned home and communicated the cir-
cumstance to his wife, who endeavoured to convince him that
the voice was only imaginary. Dodment, however, persisted
in saying that he still heard it. His wife then becoming
alarmed at the state of her husband's naind, ran to seek one
of her sisters who resided near, and, on her return after only
a few minutes absence, found her husband hanging in an
outhouse.

A MAD BULL IN LINCOLN'S INN-FlELDS.—Yester-
day afternoon, between the hours of three and four o'clock,
the neighbourhood of Lincoln's Inn• fields was thrown into a
state of considerable alarm and excitement in consequence of
the sudden appearance of a mad bull, which ran round the
fields several times in the most furious way. The infuriated
animal had broken loose from some slaughter-house in Clare-
market, and upwards of half an hour elapsed before it could
be secured.

SPORTING INTELLIGENCB
STOCKTON RACES.--THURSDAY.
The Tees Stakes of 10 says. each, with 20 added; for 2 yrs
old colts, Bst 41b; and fillies Bst llb ; winners of 1004 31b
extra. T.Y.C. (5 Subs.)
Mr. Dawson's cby D'Egville dby IT. Clinker (Lye) 1
Mr. Pcdley's Pocket Venus... . '2
Mr. H. Stebbing's Brodie
Mr. J. Scott's Melsa 4
Mr. Jaques's Miss Martin
Even on D'Egville Junior. Won cleverly.
The Member's Plate of 501., added to a handicap of 15 soya.
each, 10 ft, and 5 only if declared; the second to save his
stake. Twice round. (16 Subs., 8 paid.)
Mr. Standish's Little Hampton, 5 yrs 7st 21b ...(Francis) 1
Mr. Bowes's Ukraine, 3 yrs, sst 91b
Mr. Bainbrigg's Lady Claremont, 3 yrs, sst 101 b 3
Mr. Johnstone's Sir Henry, 4 yrs, 7st
sto 4 agst Little Hampton. Won cleverly by a length.
The Corporation Plate, of 25 sovs, added to a Sweepstakes of
5 sovs each. 3 yrs, 7st; 4 yrs, Bst; 5 yrs, Bst 61b; 6 yrs,
9st 21b; and aged, Bst 121 b. Heats. Ouce round and a
distance. (3 Subs.)
Mr. I3owes' Forget-me-not, 3 yrs (Charlton) 1 1
Mr. Fox's Waxhohne, 3 vrs .
Won easy.
The Tibbersley Stakes, of 10 sovs each, h ft, and 15 added;
for 3 yrs old, 9st 41b; 4 yrs, lOst 71b; 5 yrs, list 21b; 6
yrs, I Ist 71b ; and aged, l Ist 91b. One mile and a half.
(2 Subs.) Gentlemen riders.
Mr. S. L. Fox's l'almsinger, 4 yrs ..... . (Mr. Robinson) 1
Mr. Dawson's Obscurity; 5 yrs 2
A flue race.
HUNTINGDON RACES.—Tm URSDAY.
The Hitchinbrook Plate of 501., for three yrs old, &c.; the
winner to be sold for 1501. Heats, once round.
Gen. Grosvenor's Scarlet Runner, 4 yrs (Edwards) 3 1 1
Mr. Hobson's Chatham, 4 yrs, Bst 61b ........ 1 2dr
Mr. Stevenson's fby Montreal—Balance, 3 yrs ... 2 8 dr
The Huntingdonshire Stakes of 20 sovs. each, 10 ft, And 5 ft
only if declared, with 50 added. Two miles. (17 Subs.,
9 of whom declared.)
Lord Sandwich's Plantagenet, 5 yrs, 7st 121 b (Sly) I
Lord Eglinton's Britannia, 4 yrs, 7st
Mr. Wigram's Kesheng, 4 yrs, Bst 51b ... .
Colonel Peel's Lam-not-aware, aged, 7st 101 b
Mr. Ward nd Venus, 4 yrs, 7st
Mr. Onslow's Rutl; 4 yrs, 7st 121 b 6
Won by a head, after a very fine race.
Sweepstakes of 5 sovs. each, and 20 added. The winner to
be sold for 300/. Heats, one mile. (6 Subs.)
Colonel Peel's Samphire, 3 yrs, Bst 21h.......(Nat) 1 3 1
Lord G. Bentinck's Binnacle, Bst 81b 3 1 2
Mr. Thornhill nd Sharpshooter, Bst 81b......
Mr. Batten's Sir Harry Smith, Bst 41b 6 4dr
Mr. Baring nd Sis to Redcap, Bst 21b 4 dr
Mr. Bereford's Nutleaf, Bst 51b 5 dr

Two Years Old Sweepstakes of 10 soya. each, and 50 added ;
colts, Bst 71b; and fillies, Bst 41b. Last half-mile. Second
saves his stake. (7 Subs.)
Colon,' Peel's Vert-Vert, Bst 41b ......(Nat) 1
Mr. Stevenson's Doctrine, Bst 91b
(_RECEIVED THIS DAY.)
BETTING AT MakNCHESTER.—FRIDAY.
LEAMINGTON STAKES.—, to 2 agst Mongrel-5 to 1 agst
Sister to Pergularia (t)-7 to 1 agst Telemachus (t)-10 to 1
agst Morocco (t).
ST. LEGER.-6 to 1 agst The Traverser-6 to 1 agst Bro-
cardo-7 to 1 agst Sir Tatton Sykes (t)-12 to 1 agst Fancy
Boy-13 to 1 agst lago-20 to 1 agst Poynton-20 to 1 agst
Grimston-20 to 1 agst Free Lance-33 to 1 agst Erin-go-
bragh-33 to 1 agst Dolo-50 to 1 agst Sting-50 to 1 agst
Pyrrhus the First-5 to 2 agst Dawson's lot.
THE GREAT YORKSHIRE STAKES.-8 to 1 agst Morpeth-
-8 to 1 agst Quadruped.
TIVERTON RACES.—THURSDAY.
The Ladies' Plate of 20/., added to a Sweepstakes of 3_sovs.
each. Heats, once round. (3 Subs.)
Mr. King's Flash of Lightning, 3 yrs, lOst 3lb 0 2 1 1
Mr. Parr's Felix, 3 yrs, 9st 121 b ..
Mr. Waring's Rosa, 4 yrs, list 81b 3 3 2 dr
The first was a dead heat, the others were won cleverly.
The Great North Devon Stakes of 10 sovs. each. (8 Subs.)
Mr. Hook's Buttress, 3 yrs ...... ....... walked over
The Borough Members' Plate of 501., added to a Sweepstakes
of 10 soya. each. Heats, twice round.
Mr. Parr's Dulcet, 4 yrs, 9st 71b (Owner) 1 1
Mr. Freen's Wild Roe, 4 yrs, 9st
Captain Crofton's Zuleika, 3 yrs, 7st 101 b
Won easy.
The Handicap hurdle Stakes of 3 Sots. each and 10 added,
were won in two heats by Mr. Lee's Polly Peacbum,
aged, 12st (owner), beating Mr. Marcon's Spendthrift, aged,
12st, and Mr. G. Tone's Black Bess, 6 yrs, 12st, after a fine
race.

The Handicap Plate of 301. Heats, one mile.
Mr. Treen's Wild Roe, 4 yrs 9st 101 b (Owner) 2 1 1
Captain Crofton's Zuleika, yrs,
9st
Mr. Carr's Felix, 3 yrs, Bst
The first and third heats were won easily, the second was
won by a head.

FRIDAY.

The Tiverton Stakes of 20 sovs. each, 10 ft, and 5 only if de-
clared. Twice roucd. (20 Subs., of whom 14 declared.)
Mr. Carr's Dulcet, 4 yrs, 9st slb (Owner) 1
Mr. Hook's Buttress, 3 yrs, 7st 51b
Won cleverly by a length.
The Borough Cup of 301., added to a Sweepstakes of 5 sovs.
each. Heats, mile and a half. (3 Subs.)
Mr. Parr's Dulcet, 4 yrs, Bst 12Ib (Owner) 2 1 1
Captain Crofton's Zuleika, 3 yrs, 7st slb 1 2 dr
Mr. Treen's Wild Roe, 4 yrs, Bst 4lb .... ....
First heat won by half length; second won easy.
The Plate of 20/., added to a Sweepstakes of 1 soy. each.
Heats, twice round.

Mr. Waring's Rosa, 4 yrs, list 10lb (Mr. Lake) 0 0 1 1
Mr. Treen's Wild Roe, 4 yrs, 11st 101 b 1 0 2 dr
Mr. King's Flash ofLightning, 3 yrs, 10st Mb 0 3 dis
The first heat was won by a neck, Rosa and Flash of
Lightning running a dead heat for second place. The second
was a dead heat between Rosa and Wild Roe. The third
heat Rosa won by two lengths; and for the fourth heat she
walked ever.

The Forced Handica was won by Felix.
HUNTINGDON RACES-FRIDAY (CONCLUDED).
The Cup Stakes, of 10 soya teach ; the winner to be sold for
4001., &c. Once round and the mile. (8 Subs.)
Mr. Desborough's Ruff, 4 yrs, Bst 41b . , (Edwards) I
Mr. Beresford's Nutleaf, 3 yrs, 7st
Colonel Peel's Lam-not-aware, aged, 9st 21b
The Huntingdcn Stakes, of 5 soya each, and 20 added; the
winner to be sold for 150/. Heats, last mile. (7 Subs.) •
Colonel Peel's Samphire, 3 yrs, 7st 71b
General Grosvenor's Scarlet Runner, 4 yrs, Bst 81b ... 2 2
The winner was claimed.

The Member's Plate, of 50 sovs.; the winner to be sold for
2501. Heats, once round. ( 5 Subs.)

Mr. Hobson's Chatham, 4 yrs, Bst (Sly) 5 1 1
Mr. Booth's Tit-bit, 3 yrs, 7st 51b
Mr. Batten's Sir Harry Smith, 3 yrs, 7st 21b 3 3 3
Mr. Treacher's Gell, 4 yrs, Bst ..............
Mr. Bird's Sister to Redcap, 3 yrs, 6st 131 b
CANTERBURY RACES—FRIDAY.
The Queen's Plate of 100 Guineas. Heats, two miles.
Mr. Ramsbottom's Pineapple, 6 yrs, 10st 31b
Mr. J. Drake's Bold Archer, 3 yrs, Bst 21b 1 2 2
Mr. Greville's Polka, 3 yrs, 21b 3 3 3
Mr. Cooke's Auld Lang Syne, 6 yrs
The City Plate of 251. was won in two heats, by Mr.
Moore's Devil-among -the-Tailors, aged, 9st 41b, beating Mr.
Cooke's Auld Lang Syne, 6 yrs, lOst 31b, Mr. Nunn's fby
Samarcand, out of La Fille mal Garde, 4 yrs, Bst 91b, and
Mr. Sherrard's Petrowna, 4 yrs, Bst 91b.
The Sweepstakes of 2 sm. each, and 20 added, one mile
and a half (four Subs), were won in two heats by Mr. Nunn's
Dalesman, 5 yrs, Bst 71b, beating Mr. T. Hussey's Brunette,
6 yrs, 7st 71b, and Mr. Sherrard's Petrowna, 4 yrs, 7st.

COMMISSION OF LUNACY.—SECOND DAY.—Yesterday
the inquiry into the state of mind of Mrs. Charlotte West-
brook was continued, before Francis Barton, Esq., at the
Eyre Arms Tavern, St. John's Wood. The evidence taken
was that of Dr. Southey, who had examined Mrs. West-
brook by order of the Lord Chancellor, Dr. Monro, Dr. Co-
nolly, Dr. Barnes, and Mr. Bryant, all of whom declared the
unfortunate lady to be of unsound mind, and incapable of
taking care of herself and property. In cross-examination
they admitted that there was no striking delusion by which
they came to that conclusion, but, from the whole facts that
had been adduced, she appeared not to be a free agent. The
line of demarcation, Dr. Southey said, between a sound and
unsound mind was so difficult to make out, that it was almost
impossible to say whether a person was sane or not, but in
the present case he thought Mrs. Westbrook was on the
wrong side of the line Mr. Petersdorff addressed the jury
at great length on behalf of Mrs. Westbrook, contending
that the evidence had failed in making out she was of un-
sound mind. The Learned Commissioner having summed
up, the jury retired to consider their verdict •, and, after
being absent for a short time returned a verdict—" That
Charlotte Westbrook was in an imbecile and unsound state
of mind, and incapable of taking care of herself or her pro-
perty, and had been so from the 31st of December, 1836."
SNIPES NEAR LONDON.—This year a number of those
choice migratory birds, the sniper, have domiciled and bred
in the marshes in Battersea-fields. They seldom made their
appearance before October.
MORE FORGED FIVE-POUND NOTES.—CAUTION.—
Yesterday's Police Gazette gives the following description of
a man who succeeded in passing a forged 51. Bank of Eng-
land note to Mr. Harding, of No. 1, Holles-street, Caven-
dish-square, and, it is suspected, is about the metropolis :
About fifty years of age, five feet seven inches high, very
much sunburnt in the face; dressed in a dark frock coat,
black silk waistcoat, black hat, and wears generally a silver
guard chain round his neck.

- Mr. John 11. L. Walnasley (the solicitor to the London
Sewage Chemical Manure Company) accompanied by Mr.
William Higgs (the patentee), had an interview with the
Lord Mayor yesterdP7 morning, on the subject of the appli-
cation of the plan in the metropolis. His Lordship took much
interest in the subject, and was pleased to express a very
favourable opinion of the measure.

AUGMENTATION OF CLERKS' SALARIES IN THE Ex-
CISE DEPARTMENT.—We hear that a considerable and
graduated advance has recently taken place in the salaries of
the clerks in the Excise department, the minimum advance
being 501. per annum. The duties of the clerks are very
heavy at the present time, and although every possible
economy has been introduced, and where practicable a
reduction, by Mr. John Wood, the Chairman of the Board,
the present augmentation is considered as a proof that there
is no disposition on the part of the Commissioners that the
subordinates of the establishment shall be underpaid for
their labour. The merit of the proposition, we hear, is due to
the newly appointed solicitor, Dr. Bateman, whose long ex-
perience in the office of chief clerk has enabled him to judge
of the time and attention required. This spontaneOCl act of
liberality on his part was so little expected, that 0n.17 A few
days before it came into operation one of the parties who
would have received the benefit applied for and obtained per-
mission to be placed on the retired list at the then existing
rate of salary, which would in a short time have been in-
creased in the manner described.

IRISH PROVISIONS.—The following list comprises the
principal arrivals of provisions and articles of food at the port
of Liverpool from the Irish ports during the past week :-
9,551 firkins, 178 half firkins, 1,587 baskets, and 139 boxes
of butter; 46 sacks, and 30 barrels of wheat; 656 sacks of
flour ; 897 quarters, 295 tons weight, and 112 sacks of oats;
3G sacks, and 154 other packages of oatmeal; 121 sacks, and
200 quarters of malt; 132 kegs, 21 casks, and 20 tirkins of
lard ; 350 barrels of bacon ; 63 casks of hams ; 541 packages
of linens and cottons; 15 kegs, and 221 barrels of pork; 73
casks of whisky ; 64 bags of meal ; several packages of beef
and tongues; 200 quarters, and 50 sacks of beans; 28 sacks
of farina flour, and various other articles of lesser interest
and importance. The following were the principal arrivals
which took place at the port of London from the same quarter
in the same period of time, viz. :-1,920 packages of bacon,
542 boxes of eggs, 264 casks of porter, 229 packages cf
paper, 5,606 packages of butter, 892 packages of lard, 240
of pork, and 39 of beef, 50 sacks, 340 barrels, and 1,616
quarters of oats, several packages of tongues, 70 hampers
of hams, 178 packages of malt, 132 pigs, alive, 488 packages
of fresh salmon, and a variety of other articles too numer-
ous to be further enumerated and particularised. One im-
portation of 38 blocks of marble from Galway, however,
from its not being an usual article of supply, may be men-
tioned, as also that the arrivals of provisions at Bristol from
the same quarter have, in a lesser degree, been of a character
similar to that above specified as having taken place at the
larger ports.

S 11; NT

.~

bteeAli 'FAT Ataxr
The following is a return of the value of t) '6ost)*
captured as prize money by the army in the Deccan. in
1817-18, the amount which has been distributed, and
the dates when distributed, stating also the amount now
in the possession of the trustees of the East India Com-
pany, and when the distribution of that amount will
take place :
Bengal Sicca
liatecs. .

By amount of Deccan booty realised and car-
ried to the credit of the Deccan prize fund
in an account rendered by the East India
Company, dated August 23, 1830 65,60,214
By interest thereon credited in the same ac-
count .
By amount of profit on remittances of bullion 1,17,399
By amount of interest realised upon Exche-
quer•bills in the custody of the Bank of
England in the names of trustees
By amount realised by sale of the Nassuck
Jewel, in August. last, invested in Exche-
quer-bills, .and deposited in the Bank of
England in the names of trustees

Tot al

86,988

74,072

.S.ll. 102.22,406

N.B.—ln addition to the above, there are the Nagpore
jewels in the custody of the East Company, at Benares,
and the subject of a correspondence with that court, and
there are other points connected with the account
rendered by the court, which are the subject of discussion
with the directors.
30th Sept., 1826.—Amount distri-
butable under royal warrant of
this date
22,34,377
13th Feb., 1828—Ditto
.. 43,48,432
30th July, 1832—Ditto 30,00,000
6th Aug., 1834—Ditto 91,872
Amount of legal costs paid by order
of the Lort'sCointnissioners of her
Majesty's Treasury, in the years
1834 and 1835, to the solicitor
who represented the late Marquis
of Hastings, Lieutenant-General
Sir Thomas Hislop, and Colonel
Prothers' Force, in prosecuting
the claims of those parties; and to
the Solicitor of the Treasury 1,27,526

98,02,207

Balance in Exchequer-bills in the Bank of
England, or in the possession of the East
India Company 4,20,299
P.S. It has nut been considered expedient to distri-
bute this balance until the outstanding claims, the sub-
ject of discussion, as stated above, shall be settled.
London, June 20, 1838.

W ELLINGTON.
CIIAS. ARBUTHNOT.
John Kirkland, Agent to the Trustees
of the Deccan Booty.
Present amount of the Deccan Prize Money, stating
the amount of accumulation since the last return to
Parliament, and whether any and what measures have
been taken for its distribution.
There has been no distribution since the date of the
Parliamentary Paper, No. 556, above-mentioned.
The Nagpore jewels, which had been the subject of
litigation in the supreme courts of law in Bengal, were
finally directed, by a minute of the Lords Commis-
sioners of her Majesty's Treasury, dated Nov. 14, 1842,
to be immediately restored to the Raja of Nagpore, as
communicated in a letter from the Secretary of the Trea-
sury to the Trustees of the Deccan Booty, dated the 12th
of that month, in confirmation of the decision of the pre-
ceding Board of Treasury, that those jewels had not be-
come forfeited to the Crown as prize of war, and must
be restore to the rightful owner, the Raja of Nagpore:
The points connected with the accounts rendered by
the East India Company to the trustees are still the sub-
ject of discussion ; but the accounts and the whole cor-
respondence having been under the consideration of the
law officers of the Crown, an opinion has been lately
pronounced by them which, it is hoped, will lead to a
speedy adjustment.
In the meantime, a partial distribution is not deemed
expedient.
. . _ _ _

Subject to the above explanation the state of the prize
funds is as shown in the return dated June 29, 183 S,
except that the Exchequer Bills in the custody of the
Bank of England on account of the trustees have been
increased subsequently, by the investment of the in-
terest and compound interest thereon, from 23,6001. to
29,4001.

(Signed) WELLINGTON.
CHARLES ARBUTHNOT.
London, August 11, 1846.

BRITISH TRADE IN CHINA.

The following ordinance has just been issued in a
printed form by order of the House of Lords, having
been passed in the year 1845, by the Chief Superinten-
dent of British Trade in China, with the advice of the
Legislative Council of Hong-Kong, in virtue of the
powers conferred upon her Majesty by the Act of the
6th and 7th Vic., cap. 80:
An Ordinance for her Majesty's subjects within the do-
minions of the Emperor of China, or within any ship
or vessel at a distance of not more than one hundred
miles from the coast of China.
Anno Nono Victoria Regime. (No. lof 1845.)
By his Excellency John Francis Davis, Esq., Gover-
nor and Commander-in• Chief of the colony of Hong-
Kong and its dependencies, her Majesty's Plenipotentiary
and Chief Superintendent of the Trade of British sub-
jects in China, with the advice of the Legislative Coun-
cil of Hong-Kong.
An ordinance to amend the ordinance No. 7 of 1844,
untitled " An ordinance for the better administration of
justice in the Consular Courts, and to establish a regis-
tration of British subjects, within the dominions of the
Emperor of China."
Whereas by the said ordinance, No. 7 of 1844, in the
9th section thereof, giving, under certain restrictions, a
power to Consuls to deport in the case of a second con-
viction, it is provided that said convictions shall be
duly confirmed by the Chief Superintendent of British
Trade ;" and whereas it is expedient that the sentences
or judgments of the Consuls in said ordinance men-
tioned should not require or be subject to the revision of
such chief superintendent of trade, so far as is provided
for in and by the said 9th section, and that accordingly
the words therein, that is to say, "duly confirmed by the
Chief Superintendent of British Trade," should be ex-
punged therefrom :-
1. Be it therefore ordained that the said 9th section of
No. 7, of 1844, be and it is hereby repealed.
2. And in order more effectually to repress crimes and
offences on the part of British subjects in the dominions
of the Emperor of China, be it hereby further enacted,
that it shall and may be lawful for any of her Majesty's
Consuls to cause any British subject who shall have been.
twice convicted of any crime and offence in the Consular
Court under sentence, and who shall not be able to find
good and sufficient surety to the satisfaction of her Ma-
jesty's Consul for his future good behaviour, to be sent
out of the dominions of the Emperor of China ; and to
this end any such Consul as aforesaid shall have power
and authority, as soon as may be practicable after execu•
tion of the sentence on any second conviction, or at any
time while such sentence is in execution, to send to the
colony of Hong-Kong any British subject, and to detain,
in custody any such person until a suitable opportunity
for sending him out of the dominions shall present
itself, and any person to be sent out of the said do-
minions as aforesaid may be embarked on board one of
her Majesty's vessels of war, or if there should be no
such vessel of war which can be employed for such put.-
pose, then on board any British vessel bound for Hong-
Kong, in the same manner as if such person was a die.
tressed British seaman. But in all cases in which a
British subject shall have been sent out of the do-
minions of the Emperor of China as aforesaid, the officer
sending him out shall forthwith report his having done
so to her Majesty's Chief Superintendent of Trade; and
should any person so sent out of the dominions of the
Emperor of China return to the said dominions
out the sanction of her Majesty's Chief Superinten&ng
of Trade or Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, he
shall no longer be entitled to be protected as a British
subject in the said dominions. Provided always, that
on the arrival of such person at Hong-Kong, it shall
and may be lawful to and for her Majesty's Chief
Superintendent of Trade either to confirm the said sen-
tence of deportation and forward him to England as ,a
distressed British seaman, or to remit him back as such
to that cart of the said dominions from whence he was
so removed or deported.
(Signed) J. F. DAVIS, Governor, &c.
Passed the Legislative Council of Hong-Kong this 7th
day of July, 1845.
(Signed) ADOLPHUS E. SHELLEY.
Clerk of Councils.

IRELAND.
ARRIVAL OF THE LORD-LIEUTENANT.

DUBLIN, AUG. 27.--His Excellency the Earl of Bes-
borough left Liverpool at seven o'clock yesterday even-
ing, and arrived in Kingstown Harbour this morning, at
a quarter-past seven o'clock, on board her Majesty's
steam-ship the Medina. His Excellency was accom-
panied by Lady Emily Ponsonby, Lady Harriet Pon-
sonby, Lady Kathleen Ponsonby, the Hon. Gerald Pon-
sonby, Mr. Corry Connellan, private secretary, and Cap-
tain fagot, first aid-de-camp.
His Excellency and suite disembarked under a salute
of twenty-one guns from the Revenue cruisers, and pro-
ceeded to the Viceregal Lodge in carriages, under con-
duct of the Master of the Horse.

THE IRISH GOVERNMENT.-THE REPEAL

bIAGISTRATES.

Mr. R. A. Fitzgerald, M.P. for the county of Tippe-
rary, has fouwarded the following reply to the Lord
Chancellor's Secretary :
" Muckridge House, August
" Sir,—l am in receipt of yours of the 15th instant, in
which you mention that the Lord Chancellor is desirous
of restoring to me the commission of the peace. In
reply, sir, I beg to state that I should be sorry to inter-
fere in the slightest degree with the desire of the Lord.
Chancellor to perform an act of justice towards those
magistrates who were so unconstitutionally and unjustly
deprived of their commisAon by the late Government.
As one of them, therefore, I can have no objection to
resume the duties of the office, and be restored to the.
same position which I held previous to the 25th of
May, 1843.—1 have the honour, sir, to remain your
obedient humble servant,

" R. A. FITZGERALD.
" Frances Wm. Brady, Esq., &c."

CUCUMBERS FROM Russia.—Among the novelties
in the list of importations now taking place are some parcels
of cucumbers from Russia, arrived in the Victory yesterday,
from St. Petersburgh.
THE SECOND HAY-HARVEST.—Yesterday, in t.tho
neighbourhood of Edmonton, Enfield, and Barnett, the
cutting of the second crop of hay was begun. It prow ,ises
to be abundant, and if the due weather continues W U b
well made.Y