The Sun.
London, England, 1848-07-20 00:00:00

TILE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVEVi N G, JULY 2O, 1848.

HAlLstt,k3l, JULY 19.—Our market was steady to-day,
and prices were well supported. Beef, from 3s 6.1 to
4s 24; Mutton, 4s 2d to ss; Lamb, 5s to 5s 61; Veal,
3s 8d to 4s ; and Pork, 4= to 4s 4d per 81bs.
AnuNDEL, JULY 18.—We hsd a steady inquiry to-
day, on the following terms :—Beef, from 3s 6d to 4s ;
Mutton, 4s to ss; Lamb, 5s to 5s 6d; Veal, 3s 8d to
4s 2d per 81bs.
•CHICIIEBTEA, JULY 19.—There was a good supply of
stock this day, and more business was done than last
market. Beef, from 3s 8d to 43 6d; Mutton, 43 2d to
ss; Lamb, 5s 4d to 5S 8d; and Veal, 4s 6d to 4s 8d per
slbs. Sucking Calves, 12s to 20s ; and Store Pigs, 14s
to 20s each.

COAL MARKET.—YESTERDAY.
Bate's West Hartley... 14s o&Killingworth l4s Od
huddle's W. Hartley.. 14s 6d Men Main .. lss 3d
Davison'sWest Hartley 14s '6dßehnont lss 3d
East Adairs 1'11ain..... 12s Odlßell
Hasting's llartlev l4s Od Haswell l6s 3d
Holywell Main .:. ..... 14s 3d4Tetton .. l6s Od
New Tanfield 123 6d Lantbron
North Percy Hartley.. 14s Od Russell's Hetton
Ord's Redheugh
Tantield Moor ......... 13s 6d Whitwell ...
Tautield Moor Butes... 12s Gd Caradoc ..... .. ..
Townley l3s 641TIeugh ha 11143 641
Wall's End, Sic ii.elloc
Acorn Close
Hedworth ..... .
15s 9d
Harton
Hotspur l3s 9dlPowell's Dnffryn Stm. 20s 6d
Hilda

COMMISSIONERS OF SEWERS.
(THIS DAY.)
The Metropolitan sanitary Commission held a Court
of Sewers this morning; Lord Etirington in the chair.
The construction of several works were ordered to be
commenced.
Summonses were ord, red to be issued ef.,,ainst 2,040
defaulters in the Tower Hamlets district. It was stated
that these defaulters labourrd under the delusion that
they were not bound to pay the rates.
Mr. CHADWICK said ne hut been in communication
with a committee of the Corporation of the city of
London, relative to their joining the Commissioners, in
carrying out the ordnance survey in the City, as well as
in other parts of the metropolis. The district under
the control of the Corporation would form about one-
tenth of the entire area included in the survey, and the
additional expense of takitig in the City would be about
4501. The committee had promised to communicate to
the Corporation the information he had furnished to
them on the subject.
Mr. LAMBERT JONES said the matter was now under
the consideration of the Corporation, who, he had no
doubt, would ba quite willing to co-operate with the Com-
missioners.

Thomas Mitchell was fined 501. for the erection of a
•ewer in Beresford-street, SValworth.
Thomas Morris was fined 40s. for constructing an irre-
gular drain in Pomery-street, Kent-road.
The Court then adjourned till the 10th of August.

BUILDING BENEVOLENT INSTI-

TUTION.

Yesterday the friends and patrons of this infant
institution celebrated its establishment by a public
festival, at the Freemasons' Tavern, Great Queen-
street, Lincoln's Inn-fields, when upwards of 150
gentlemen, prominently connected with the build-
ing profession, sat down to dinner. The wines and
viands were of the choicest description, and did great
credit to the spirited proprietors of the tavern,
Who spared no exertion to entitle them to the future
favours of the society. The chair was occupied by
Lord Hobert Grosvenor, M.P. Mr. Harker acted as
toastmaster, and a corps of accomplished vocalists,
tinder the supertntendence of Mr. Hatton, added con-
siderably to the entertainments of the evening. The
cloth having been removed, and the usual loyal toasts
given and responded to with marked enthusiasm,
-Tke CHAIRMAN proposed the tout of the evening,
"Prosperity to the Builders' Benevolent Institu-
tion." He reproached the builders as a body
with having so long delayed the establishment of an
institution like that which they were then assembled
to consummate, but hoped they would redouble their
exertions so as to make up for the time which they
had so scandalously lost.—(Hear, hear.) He was
Glad to find that, notwithstanding the great duties of
the past year, the contribution in aid of the funds of
the society were most munificent.—(Cheers.)
The toast was then drank with great applause.
Mr. BIERS (president of the society) next ad-
dressed the meeting. He entered at great length on
the objects of the institution, explaining that it was
established for the purpose of aiding the aged
and decayed members of the building profession,
and although it had only been mooted last year,
yet they had already met with an amount of suc-
cess almost uprecedented in the history of
charitable institutions. For this success they were
mainly indebted to the Noble Lord in the chair and
the other Members for Middlesex and the metropolitan
boroughs, who had given them every assistance in
their power.—(Cheers.) They had been liberally
responded to by the surveyors and official referees,
and in fact by every class in the community
on whom they had any claim.—(Cheers.) Mr.
Biers then read a nutnber of letters of apology,
and, amongst others, from Lord Dudley Stuart,
Earl Grosvenor, Lord Morpeth, Mr. Osborne,
Colonel Wood, &c. That from Lord Morpeth
enclosed 101. He next proceeded to read the list of
subscriptions and donations, which included 201. from
the Noble Chairman, and 201. from the Marquis of
Westminster, and amounted to upwards of 1,0001.

The health of the Chairman, of Mr. Biers, the
President, and various other toasts were given and
responded to during the evening, which was one of
unalloyed enjoyment.

STATE OF TRADE.
MANCITESTER.—During the last two days there has
been a good demand for It4ly, the Levant, and
~
"lexieo, with a decidedly increasing desire on the
part of the German merchants to purchase yarn, and
p„riceis have, consequently, been very well sustained.lbis morning the market opened with increasing firm-
ness in prices as compared with those prevalent last
week. Generally speaking, there were willing
buyers of most descriptions of goods and yarn, at the
rates of Thursday last ; but spinners and manufac-
turers, having been to a great extent relieved from
the pressure of stocks, and in many cases working to
order, generally demanded a slight advance upon
those rates, which was partially acceded to by
purchasers. The general effect, however, was
rather to limit the amount of business, which was
scarcely so extensive as on last Tuesday. For the
lower numbers of yarn, however, and especially of
water twist, which are relatively scaroe, an advance
°I an eighth to a farthing per lb. over last week's
prices was pretty readily obtained, as was also
an advance of Id. per piece on some descriptions
of ehirtings, which leave been in rather extensive de-
l:nand. It is understood that a large order for this
description of cloth, intended for the China market,
has been received here from the United States, the
Merchants of that country finding that the funds ne-
cessary for their investments of teas can be more ad-
vantageously provided by shipments of English
than of American manufactures, which of late have
not been remunerative. Indeed it has been notorious
for_i some time past that the sales of American
domestics, sent to China and other markets, almost
invariably left a loss ; though the merchants might
eventually be remunerated by the profit on the
return cargo. English manufactures, however, or
letters of credit enabling the merchants to draw on
London, are likely to yield a more advantageous re-
sult; and we may expect the trade between China
and the United States to be carried on in a great
measure by one or other of those means. The im-
proved tone of the market has given a great stimulus
to production throughout this district, and that
many of the mills which have been stopped are
beginning to run, while a large proportion of
those which have been working short time are
going to full time. There is a general disposition to
employ only male hands, for the sake of escaping the
restriction of the Ten Hours' Bill; but of course,
when employment becomes general, any such at-
tempts will be futile. The official return, pre-
pared under the direction of Captain Willis,
made up to yesterday, gives the following re•
salts :—There are four more cotton mills, one more
silk mill, and one more smallware mill at
work than there were last week. There are seven
more cotton mills on full time, and three fewer on
short time, than there were last week. Of the
hands employed in the cotton mills there are 2,409
On full time, and 1,760 fewer on short time. Of the
total works included in the table, there are six
mare on full time, one more on short time, and one
le3l stopped than there were last week. There are,
114,_Itogether 927 more hands included in the table
than there were last week ; there are 2,280 more
ein
The
on full time, and 1,357 less on short time.
"-he return, therefore, indicates a decided improve-
nlent,

ItocrtnaLs.—We have had some little improve-
-lent in the market to-day, and a better demand
,n
kerseys and heavy goods. The worlipeople are
lr'nre fully employed than they have been fur seine
Ctn. back.
114 ft. .I;itinnensricm3.—The improvement of last week
been maintained, and seine heavy sales have been
e
Ted, at a slight advance in price.
AIALIPAX.—The general tone of the manufacturers
lA more cheerful, and a more hopeful feeling is preva-
lent; but we cannot say that there has been, in our
Foie Hall to-day, any actual improvement in the
amount of business done. A better state of things
:11eIns, however, to be pretty confidently expected,
Sum e of the larger firms in this neighbourhood
are ‘A
extending their operations, and giving more ern-
' yruent to their hands.
abini"bs•—This day's market showed a good deal of
eat,,—ba.t'n and maintained the firmer tone already
the hlished. As yet the chief business is done for
teal "le trade; but the prospects for a good export
re.,.° are much nearer, and more probable to be
e,aused than thay were a short time ago.—Manchester
".`4rdian of yesterday.

LITE RA T URE.
MIRABEAU.
A Life Ilistwy. In Four Books.
A greater name does not occur in the history of
the first French Revolution than that of Mirabeau—
numberless as are the great names which illumine
that extraordinary epoch. Vergniaud for eloquence,
Robespierre for egotism, Marat for ferocity, Condor-
cet for thought, Roland for enthusiasm, Danton for
daring, Desnioulins for sincerity, Chenier for poetry,
Sieyes for acumen, Fouche for cunning, Carnot for
military defence, Dumouriez for military attack,
Lafayette for a kind of coxcombical chivalry, Hebert
for a sort of
,devilish brutality, were each of them,
without doubt, in their several ways, wonderful. But
Mirabeau towers above them all like a colossus. The
grand storm of his voice, as an orator, drowns even
the roarings of Danton. His genius renders them
all insignificant by comparison—so gigantic were
is proportions. In going back among the
ruins of that tremendous age we pause be-
fore the vastness of the memory of Mirabeau,
as E: then paused in the desert before the giant
effigy of the Sphynx. Like Dither!, too, we find in that
great rugged form—beauty—majesty—immortality :
though the beauty is of an unearthly cast, the ma-
jesty has about it something of the horrible, and the
immortality is an immortality half of gloom and half
of splendour. The man would he an idiot who would
deny that Mirabeau was a Great Man ; and he would
he little better than an idiot who would call hirn a
Good one. A Great Bad Man he was, and as such he
will be remembered to the end of time. To deny the
pre-eminence of his genius would be to say that the
sun never shines. We proclaim this as our opinion
at once, and yet we confess at once that a work
has just appeared which made us think for a
while, in spite of ourselves, that we had been
mistaken, and that the fame of Mirabeau was a delu-
sion, a sham, and a humbug. The work we speak
of is this " Life History," by somebody who very
wisely conceals his name. We never read a book
like it before, and we pray God we may never read
one like it again. We denounce it at once as one
of the most blasphemous and licentious works pub-
lished in this century. The writer is Mirabeau-mad,
a.id his madness is stark, staring madness. He speaks
of his hero as one would speak only of a God. The
six hundred and twenty-five pages, are six hundred
and twenty-five pages of passionate and imbecile
adoration. The author revels in the remembered
lecheries of Mirabeau, those gross and ignomini-
ous sins of concupiscence which human charity
should have prompted him to leave, with the
corrupt dust of his idol rotting into oblivion. Car-
lyle is out• Carlyled. Hero-worship is carried to the
height of an impious exaggeration. Panegyric is
swollen into apotheosis. So resolutely, so system-
atically, so fanatically is this done that the author
goes out of his way to increase the foetid torrent of
his eulogiums—he finds excuses for seduction—he
sings the epithalamium of adultery. His only figure
of speech is hyperbole, his one unvarying style of
composition gradiloquence ; and if he diverts the at-
tention for an instant to a foot-note he stalks down
into the margin on stilts. He strives to magnify
what was already stupendous, and the effect is,
,of course, only to produce an appalling and
infamous distortion. We are perfectly well aware
that the penning of a biography in nine hundred and
ninety-nine cases out of every thousand engenders in
the mind of the biographer a species of diseased admi-
ration. From a mere chronologist he gradually
changes into a deliberate apologist. From writing a
narrative he is distracted into the composition of an
eulogium. The transformation seems to be in-
evitable, and for that reason it behoves every man to
hesitate for a long time before he adventures upon the
memoir of a celebrated character. Otherwise he may
inadvertently be seduced into the extenuation of
criminality, and may end in becoming the panegyrist
of a villain. Unfortunately we cannot detect
the smallest token in the whole of these two volumes
of any such inadvertency. The author has evidently
written prepense, the impurities of his theme have
only inauced him to write more intensely and tho•
roughly con amore. Without, however, plunging
bodily into the depraved logic and indecorous apos-
trophies of this " Life History," we will refresh the
minds of our readers with a rapid enumeration of
the incidents which constitute the true memoir of
Mirabeau—the skeleton of facts upon which has been
heaped together this unsightly mass of literary ordure
and moral putrescence.
• • •

Honore Gabriel Riquetti, Comte de Mirabeau, was
born on the 9th of March, 1749, at Bignon,
near Sens. After receiving a preliminary education
under M. Poisson, he was, in his fifteenth year
removed to a military school at Paris, conducted by
the Abbe Choquart; and from that establishment,
when he was eighteen, he proceeded to Saintes, on
the River Charente, near Rochelle, when+ he joined
a regiment commanded by the Marquis de Lambert.
All this while he passed under the assumed name of
Peter Bufiio.e, his father, who had since childhood
imbibed a hitter antipathy to him, refusing to allow
him to take his paternal title, considering it too
honourable for such a scapegrace. A lettre de cachet
gratified this unnatural hatred by consignin,,
the unfortunate stripling to a dungeon in the
Isle of Rhe, from which confinement he was only re-
leased on the 20th of March, 1769. He imparted a
rather questionable eclat to his restoration to freedom
by immediately afterwards fighting a duel at Ro-
chelle. Subsequently to this duel he enlisted as a
sub-lieutenant in the Legion of Lorraine, commanded
by the Baron Viomenil, and left Toulon for Corsica
on the 15th of the following April. On the Bth of
May, 1770, he returned to main land from his insular
campaigning, and
.on the 14th of the same month
visited his uncle, the Bailli of Mirabeau. We next
find him as it Captain of Dragoons, meeting his
father by appointment at Aigueperse, on the
21st of September, and at last assuming
by permission his proper rank and title as
Count of Mirabeau. On the 11th of January, 1771,
he leaves Limoges, where he has been staying since
his temporary reconciliation with his father; ar-
rives at Paris on the 14th ; becomes a favourite at
Court; on the 14th of June makes a second journey
to Aigueperse, and by the next November has re-
turned to Bignon. On the 2d of December he sets
out for Provence, and on the 22d of June, 1772, is
married to Marie Emilie de Covet, the only daughter
of ;the Marquis of Marignane, near Aix—his cara
sposa being described by all biographers as "a little
brown woman." To a man of the voluptuous tastes
of Mirabeau, an union with a woman so ill adorned by
nature could of course only bring misery. And it did.
Not very long after the honeymoon, Mirabeau is
persecuted by his unnatural parent, and is confined
at the instigation of the latter, on a sort of parole, in
the town of Manosque. Here Mirabeau breaks his
parole and horsewhips the Baron of Villeneuve-
Moans. He is at once removed to the Castle of If,
which he reaches on the 23d August, 1774—the cas-
tle being isolated in the Mediterranean sea within
sight of Marseilles, and its commandant being M.
Dallegre. The prisoner soon converts his gaoler into
his friend, by his irresistible power of fascination,
and in consequence of this is conveyed away on the
25th June to the Castle of Joux, a fortress situated
in the jaws of the Jura mountains, near
Switzerland. The commandant of this prison,
M. de St. Mauris, is a man of a more implacable dis-
position, and withstands the fascinations of his
charge. Only•one indulgence is granted to the latter,
namely, leave to visit the neighbouring town of Pon-
tarlier. Here it is that he is introduced to the Mar-
quis of Monnier, who, then aged seventy-one, had on
the Ist July, 1771, married Mademoiselle Sophie de
Ruffey, then aged eighteen. The year 1775 wit-
nesses the adultery of Sophie and Mirabeau at Pon-

taller •' and the 16th of January, 1776, sees Mirabeau
escape from Pontarlier to Verrieres in Switzerland.
Sophie, on the other hand, being persecuted and tor-
tured almost outof her senses,flies on the 25th of the same
January to her parents at Dijon, but is induced, on
the 24th March, to return from Dijon to Pontarlier,
Mirabeau being then imprisoned in the Castle of
Dijon. On the 25th May, calling himself Count
Beaumont, Mirabeau escapes to Verrieres, on to Ge-
neva, to Lyons, to Avignon, to Nice, to Turin, to Mount
St. Bernard, to Geneva again, arriving on the 23d of
August at Verrieres, the starting point of his ex-
' cursion. On that same evening Sophie and Mirabeau
are united at a trysting spot, and on the 17th of Sep-
tember they leave Verrß.res together surreptitiously.
By the 26th of the same month they have reached
Rotterdam, grid by the 7th of October have
settled in Amsterdam, Mirabeau calling himself
Saint Mathieu. Here he remains, supporting
himself and his companion by working as
a hack to the booksellers. On the 14th
of May, 1777, their criminal felicity is inter-
rupted, both of them being arrested by Brugnieres.
Sophie is confined in a house in the Rue de Charonne
at Paris, kept by Madlle. Douay. Mirabeau, on the
other hand, is incarcerated on the 7th of June in the
Donjon of Vincennes, his Governor being M.
Boucher. About this period of their double imprison-
ment Sophie gives birth to a daughter, whom she
chi istens Sophie-Gabrielle : the child, however, is
immediately carried away by the 1)e Ruffeys, and
the mother is shortly afterwards removed to the con-
vent of Gien, near Montargis, not far from Bignon.
Two grievous calamities then successively befal
Mirabeau ; first his lawful son (the heir
to the house) dies on the Bth of October, 1778 ; and,
secondly, his illegitimate daughter (the child of So-
phie) dies in her second year on the 23d of May,
1780. For three years and a half Mirabeau remains
a prisoner in Vincennes, being only released on the
13th of December, 1780. Immediately on his eman-
cipation he assumes the name of M. 1 Honore' and
takes up his residence in the house of his good-
hearted governor, M. Boucher, in Paris. It is not
before the 20th of May, 1781, that he obtains an in•
terview with his hitherto implacable father; and,
about the same time, he entertains a feeling of jealousy
in regard to Sophie on account of a certain

M. de Rancourt. The two lovers (Sophie
and Mirabeau) have a stolen interview with each other
at Gien on the 19th of July, when they quarr'l
and part for ever in hatred. Subsequently, namely,
on the Bth of September, 1789, Sophie destroys herself
with the smoke of charcoal. On the 19th of October,

1782, Mirabeau arrived again at the Chateau de Mira •
beau, his celebrated trial respecting Sophie having ter-
minated in his favour on the 4th of the preceding
August. His second trial, that about his wife, termi-
nated also in his favour on the 24th March, 1783, the
verdict being afterwards, however, on the sth of July,

1783, reversed. Mirabeau then fought two duels in
succession with Gallifet, and on his return to Paris
seduced Mademoiselle Ilenrietta Amelia Van Haren.
She fled with him to England, assuming to herself
the title of Madame Nehra, and arrived in the
August of 1784 at Shoreham. From Shoreham
they proceeded to Brighton, to Lewes, and on to
London, where they took apartments in Hatton•gar-
den, Holborn. The friends of Mirabeau during his
stay in London were Sir Samuel Romilly, Lord
Peterborough, Sir Gilbert Elliott (afterwards Lord
Minto), Ilurd (Bishop of Worcester), Major Cart-
wright, John Wilkes, and Lord Shelbourne
(first Marquis of Lansdowne). At intervals,
the French Noble made excursions to the
suburbs of the English capital, going now to Chis-
wick, now on to Windsor, and at another time as far
as Oxford. On the 10th of January, 1785, he
brought an action against his valet Mardi on a charge
of theft. After remaining eight months in England,
Mirabeau returned to Paris in the March of 1785,
and on the 23d of December in the same year left
Paris on a half-diplomatic expedition, proceeding
through Verdun, Nancy, Frankfort, and Leipzig, to
Berlin, where he arrived on the 19th January, 1786.
On the 25th of the same January he was honoured
with an interview with the old king Frederick
the Great, and again on the 19th of
April. After staying four months in Prus-
sia he returned homewards, arriving in Paris on
the 22d of May. On the 10th of July he again
proceeded to Berlin on a secret mission, and again
returned to Paris in the January of 1787. It was
on the 9th of April, 1789, that he was elected to sit
in the States General as Deputy of Aix, and it was
during the twenty-three following months, the last
months of his extraordinary career, that the Count of
Mirabeau astonished the whole of France and
of Europe by a blaze of oratory which was the
funeral pyre of this Sardanapalus of genius. During
this most memorable interval of his life his residence
was divided between his country-house, called Le
Marais, near Argenteuil, and his town-house in the
ChausseJ d'Antin, afterwards (on the sth of April,
1791), called the Rue Mirabeau, then at the outskirts
of Paris, not far from the Tuileries, and in the
Faubourg St. Honore. His secretaries, M. Pellenc,
M. de Bourges, and M. de Comps, were tasked rather
severely at this period by his lavish and abundant
intellect. At length the thread was cut by the
shears of Atropos—Honore Gabriel Riquetti Comte
de Mirabeau breathed his last sigh at his city resi-
dence, No. 42, in the Chatissee d'Antin, at half past
eight o'clock on the morning of Saturday, April 2,
1791, having living exactly forty-two years and
twenty-four days.

Such is the career which this anonymous biogra-
pher has rendered the theme of his indecorous eulo-
giums. Without discriminating between the good
and the bad of this wonderfully dubious man, he has
indulged in language which sometimes sinks into the
impious.
There and sometimes rises into the
There is no affectation in the work, which is a plain,
bold panegyric upon the life of perhaps the most
vicious man of the eighteenth century ; or, if there is
affectation, it is only an affectation in the style of
composition, the four books being written in a bom-
bastic imitation of Thomas Carlyle. Now Carlyle'.s
style is not to be imitated ; it is his own exclusively;
and whoever attempts to mimic that style would de-
serve to be regarded as a coxcomb, did he not force
us to look upon him as something less rational and
less human. The God before whom the writer of
the two volumes now lying at our elbow bows down
and burns the incense of his adoration is no other--
be it known henceforth—than the great criminal
called (great criminals being mostly called by a va-
riety of names) Peter Buffiere, alias Count Beau-
mont, alias St. Mathieu, alias M. Hone.' e, alias Ga-
briel the Count of Mirabeau. If the reader wants to
know at once the strain in which this criminal is
mentioned by the author, without having the labour
of wading through the 625 pages—from which
misery, say we, God defend him !—let him turn
to the apostrophe beginning at page 308 of
the first volume, and ending at page 311.
We proclaim it to be the most stupen-
dous piece of turgescence and big-word writing in
the English language. Far be it from us to give in
any manner a yet more extended circulation to the
pernicious arguments and poisonous immoralities of
this miserable effusion. Yet in justification of our
own words we must particularize a few of the most
reprehensible passages in the biography. Take as a
proof the gross immorality of the work, the descrip-
tion of the adulterous crime of Sophie and Mirabeau,
where the writer speaks in terms almost amounting to
admiration of the chaste moon looking down at Pun-
tarlier on "a deed of ecstatic end delirious sin."
(Vol. I. p. 95 ) Look again, at the pathetic extenu•
ation of their guilt at page 93, or at the fill by inuen,los
of the Due de Nivernois (pages 28 and 29), or at the
encomium passed upon the debauched Count (page
147) for not neglecting the pecuniary interests of
Sophie, when to have neglected those interests would
have proclaimed him a villein as well as a debauchee.
Or look most of all at the odious panegyric pro-
nounced (Vol. 11. p. 275) upon the barren and
deistic death of Mirabeau, of which death the author
says he " would not have had it otherwise !" As a
crowning act of indecorum, the volumes which we
here again declare to be both blasphemous and im-
moral are dedicated by the person who writes them
—to HIS MOTHER. To his mother ! And yet at page 89
of the first volume he speaks of an adulterous
connexion like that of Sophie and Mirabeau as the
only true marriage ! Gladly do we bring our
comments upon this " Life History" to a close, pro-
testing against it, again and again, with tl:e last
dashes of our pen, as a most indecent and pernicious
biography.

with the words mort akx roleurs ; in another again
wounded, and a number of the brave enfants (le
is a wounded men; a subscription-box for the
Paris. Altogether the picture is the greatest effort
of Philippoteaux—it is a noble historical painting—a
painting which impresses the mind with a sense of
the dignity of the Revolution of February, and of the
glory of ALPHONSE BE LAMARTINE. France has
shown herself unworthy of that glory—may she not
experience by calamities the danger of her indiscre-
tion and her ingratitude!

IRELAND.

DUBLIN, Jury- 18.

IMPORTANT PROCLAMATION S.

Foug o'CLocK. The Privy Council has just
risen. Dublin city and county—the town of IDro g.
heda portions of the counties of Waterford and
Cork—have been proclaimed under the late Adt for
the better security of life in Ireland. The possession
of unregistered lire-arms, or other deadly wee pons,
in these districts will subject the holders to the severe
punishment provided by the Act.
The following are the districts proclaimed at the
Privy Council this day :
County of Dublin.
City of Dublin.
City of Waterford.
County of Waterford—Barony of Gaultiere, barony
of Middlethird, barony of Killcullibeen.
City of Cork.
County of Cork—Barony of Cork, barony of Fer-
moy, barony of Condons and Clongibbons.
County of the town of Drogheda.
The following is the proclamation respecting the
county of the city of Waterford :

'' BY TIM LOND•LIEUTENANT AND COUNCIL OF IRELAND.

" A PROCLAMATION.

" CLA II EN DON.

" Whereas, by an Act passed in the present session of
Parliament, in the 11th year of her Majesty's reign, in-
tituled An Act for the better Prevention of Crime and
Outrage in certain parts of Ireland, until the Ist day of
December, 1849, and to the end of the then next session
of Parliament,' it is, amongst other things, enacted,
' That whenever, in the judgment of the Lord Lieute-
nant or other chief governor or governors of Ireland,
by and with the advice of the Privy Council of Ireland,
it shall be necessary for the prevention of crime and
outrage that the said Act should apply to any county,
county of a city, or county of a town, or any barony or
baronies, half barony or half baronies, in any county at
large, or any district of less extent than any barony or
half barony in Ireland, it shall be lawful to and for the
Lord-Lieutenant or other chief governor or governors of
Ireland, by and with the advice of the Privy Council of
Ireland, to declare by proclamation, to be published in
the Dublin Gazette, that from and after a day to be
named in such proclamation, the said Act shall apply to
any county, county of a city, or county of a town, or
any barony or baronies, half barony or half baronies, in
any county at large, or any district of less extent than
any barony or _half barony in Ireland:'
0' Now we, the Lord-Lieutenant, do, by this our pro-
clamation, in pursuance and execution of the said Act,
and by and with the advice of her Majesty's Privy Coun-
cil i❑ Ireland, declare, that from and after Saturday, the
22d day of this present month of July, 1848, the said
Act shall apply to and be in force in and for the county
and city of Waterford.
" And of this cur proclamation all justices of the peace
of the said county of the city of Waterford, constables,
peace-officers, and all others whom it may concern, are
to take notice.
" Given at the Council Chamber, in Dublin, this 13th
day of July, 1848.
" Maziere Brady, C. ; E. Blakeney, Fred. Shaw,
Richard W. Greene, James Henry Monahan.
" God save the Queen."
Similar proclamations have been issued for—
The county of the city of Dublin; to take effect from
Thursday, the 20th inst.
The county of Dublin, from the same date.
The baronies of Kilculliheen, Middlethird, and Gaul-
tiere, in the county of Waterford, from the 22d inst.
The county of the city of Cork, from the 22d.
The baronies of Cork, Fermoy, and Condone and Clon-
- gibbons, in the county of Cork, from the 29d.
And the county of the town of Drogheda, from the 22d.
The following is an extract of a letter from Water-
ford, dated July 17 :
" The state of this city is seriously alarming—more
so than the public are at all aware of. The affair of
Meagher's arrest has given an impetus to disaffection.
Meagher entered the town between two and three
o'clock this morning, at the head of at least 2,000 men,
who accompanied him from the meeting at Slievenamon.
The enrolment in the clubs and sale of arms has in-
creased since Meagher's arrest. It is said he stated last
night that on the next occasion he would not surrender
without a struggle, and asked if they would be ready to
assist him, The powers that be' here aro most in-
efficient. The influence of the clergy is every day dimi-
nishing. We shall soon be at the mercy of a reckless
mob of desperadoes, not interior to those of Paris, unless
decid, (1 measures should be at once adopted against the
clubs."
CHANGE IN THE ENGLISH MAILS.
An erroneous announcement relating to the approach-
ing change in the English mails is going the round of
the papers. The exact arrangement is this—
On the 31st of July instant the night mail will leave
London at eight o'clock as usual, and come by Holyhead
to Dublin, when it will be due at twelve o'clock the fol-
lowing day. After some time it is expected this mail
will reach Dublin much earlier.

On the morning of the satne day the London mail,
Which is at present dispatched from the Dublin Post-
office at twenty minutes after six o'clock, and forwarded
via Liverpool, will bo detained till twenty minutes
after nine o'clock, and then sent off via Holyhead,
N 1 here it will be considered due at two o'clock on the
smile day, and in London at five o'clock the following
morning.
So far there is a decided advantage afforded to the
London evening journals and the London correspondence
with Dublin.

The evening mail from Dublin to Liverpool remains as
at present.
MR. SMITH O'BRIEN IN DROGHEDA.
The Freeman's Journal contains a glowing account of
a meeting held in Drogheda yesterday in honour of the
visit of Mr. W. S. O'Brien. One Mr. Fitzpatrick pre-
sidA. A resolution, approving of the Irish League,
and an address to the descendant of the Boroo were
adopted—whereupon this antique Young Icelander rose
and delivered a speech of which the following is an
abridgement:—
Mr. Smith O'Brien, M.P.—Mr. Chairman and gen-

tleman, I did not come here to-day for the purpose of
making a speech. It is not very safe to make speeches
in Ireland just now.—(Laughter.) I make that obser-
vation without any disparagement to the Hon. Gentle-
man who is here taking notes for the Government, Mr.
Hodges, who executes his duties as a gentleman. What-
ever may be the demerits of the Government that resorts
to such agencies for the purpose of crushing the free
expression of public opinion, at least he does not share
those demerits, and therefore I have to request that
you will pay him every courtesy. But, gentlemen, these
aro not times for rpeet!h making—l came here because I
have been frequently told that the inhabitants of Drog-
heda were anxious that I shouli come amongst
them for the purpose of promoting that great obj. ct
which has been set forth in our address as the paramount
policy of this country—the union of Irishmen.—(Cheers.)
And I came here with the more pleasure, because this
town has already distinguished itself by being amongst
the foremost in the kingdom to set the example of that
blessed union. I have seen enough of the proceedings of
the town of Drogheda to make me believe that you are
disposed to cast into perpetual oblivion all those futile
dithinctions between Old and Young Ireland which have
for two years broken up the national party of this coun-
try, and greatly damaged the interests of Ireland. I
have also had even still more satisfaction in finding that
in this town there has commenced that happy concord
between men possessing different creeds—worshipping at
different altars; and you have set, as I am informed, a
noble example to the north of Ireland, which adjoins
you, of uniting the Protestants with the Catholics in the
great struggle.—(Loud cheering.) I am told that
many of our most respected Protestant citizens have
become members of the Protestant Repeal Association
fur the purpose of working out through that agency, in
companionship with their fellow-Protestants, and in
parallel co-operation with you, the great object of Ire-
land's legislative independence.—(Cheers.) Gentlemen,
I confess, too, I was anxious to ascertain by what spirit
you are animated under the existing circumstances of
the times ; for no man who contemplates the present
position of Ireland can tell for a single day what may
be the requirements demanded for every ono amongst
us. You , will understand that I do not intend to place
myself within the operation of that law which would
subject me to transportation to Bermuda. I am told

thai it is the desire of my fellow-countrymen that I
should avoid committing myself in any way which
would place me without the sphere of being able to be
useful to them in Ireland.—(Cheers.) And, therefore,
I shall not on the present occasion say anything felo-
nious.—(Laughter.) I shall not gratify Lord Clarendon
by enabling him to put me into the gaol of Newgate or
Drogheda.—(A Voice —" A cheer for Mitchel."
But I have no objection that the Government should know
that, ever since I have come to this town, I have heard
some very fighting cheers—l have heard sundry ex-
pressions, which intimated to me that the vast con-
course which I now behold with so much pleasure have
fully determined on obtaining their nationality. But
undoubtedly there is much to tempt you to consider how
soon it may be necessary for us all to have recourse to
the last means of justifying a great nation.—(Loud
cheers.) For what do I find at the present moment ?
Within the last four-and-twenty hours I have visited, in
prison, four of the most respected and virtuous men in
this country.—(A voice—" Three cheers for them."
Another voice—" A groan for Clarendon.") Don't mind
groaning anybody—that is a very poor way of showing
your feelings. If the Government were desirous to pick
out of the whole population of Ireland four men whose
private and public character was such as to claim for
them the sympathy of the whole nation, they could not
have found four men more distinguished for every; pa-
triotic virtue than the four men now lying in gaol in
Dublin. I need not speak to you of your neighbour—
for such I may call him—Mr. John Martin. lam
told 112 is a Presbyterian Protestant of Ulster.—(A
voice--" A cheer for him.") Mr. John Martin, I would
take upon myself to say, from all I have heard respecting
him, that there is not in Ulster a man more deservedly
respected, and that man is about to bo sent to a penal
settlement. For what ? Fur loving this country. Ile
is not an agitator by position or disposition. Like myseef,
he would most willingly have remained at home, satisfied
de
with his position—satisfied with the enjoyment % bie
duty
to command, if he did not feel it a paramountteuey,
to his country to throw himself into the great nations]
movement for the purpose of securing such
asi as
government and legislation as shall secure—insomuch
they can be attained by government and legislationinulpity.
the happiness of even the poorest man in
.thhisve community.
—(Cheers.) I care not whether he ma) a ex-
pressionn
au
to sentiments with which I d 9 Pvi' 4"

respects concur. 11e is entitled to his opinions, as well
as you are to yours, or lam to mine ; but this I knew,
that he is the victim of English poet r—that, he is about
to sutler the extreme penalties of the law for loving Ire
land. I am glad to ,eo a policeman in the crowd
taking a note of what I say.—(Groans.) Upon all
these occasions I hope you will encourage the attendence
of the police, and take care that they hear goo i doctrines.
I do not consider policemen as spies, when they
appear upon these occasions. They may take down those
orris and communicate them to Lord Clarendon. And
now, gentlemen, let me invite your attention to the cha-
racter of another of those men who are now lying in a
dungeon for your sake. I now speak of Mr. Williams.
I know not whether any of you have read the beautiful
poetry of which he is the author. I know not whether
you have not had the opportunity of admiring his com-
mand of language in prose; but this I can tell you, and
I believe I shall be confirmed in what I say by every
Catholic clergyman in Dublin, that a more devoted and
pious Roman Catholic does not exist in this country. I
am told that he has for a lung time eminently distin-
guished himself, not only by every work of charity, but
by the bedsides of the sick and the dying, there Mr.
Williams has been found, and this is the man who is to
ho a victim to English power, and who is to be
transported from his native land—(A voice, " Never,
never")—for loving his country, and endeavouring
to ruts° it. Gentlemen, another of the four is u
young man of the name of O'Doherty. I appre-
hend there are none among you will think the worse of
him because ho is one of the old Dohertys, of Innis-
howen—a finer young fellow I never saw in my life,
possessing every quality which could distinguish a man
—personal appearance, ail extraordinary power of in-
tellect. And this is another of the victims of English
power, that is about to be transported to a penal settle-
ment for loving you and loving his country. I have
reserved until the last the mention of my friend Mr.
Charles Gavan Duffy—(Loud cheers)—and I will take
on myself to say that there is no public man to whom
the Irish nation owes more than to Charles Gavan Duffy.
He has been the proprietor of a journal which, during
the last five years, has advocated the cause of Ireland with
a fidelity almost unmatched, and during the whole course
of that time I challenge the enemies of our cause to point
to one single paragraph that has a tendency to bring into
disrepute the principles which he advocated. I challenge
them to show one single paragraph that indicates a desire
to make the conduct of a popular journal subsidiary to
any private purpose whatsover, or any mercenary con-
sideration, or to the gratification of any paltry or ma-
lignant passion.—(Cheers.) Gentlemen, these are men—
this is the man—a man of whom, if this country were
free, we should have reason to boast, and whom we
should crown with our highest honours—these are the
men, there is the man, selected by the British Govern-
ment for persecution, because he loves you. But let me
tell you that there is no mode more efficacious than that
you should do all in your power to concentrate in
powerful and energetic action the will of the whole of the
people of ,this country. And how is that to be done?
By continuing the great organization which has been
formed by the voice, almost unanimous, of the whole
population of Ireland.—(Hear.) I hope to have the
pleasure to-morrow of visiting the old town of Trim. I
shall probably sleep there to-morrow evening; and
I intend, if there be any gentlemen here from
Navan, I shall probably arrive at Navan to-
morrow about mid-day; so that, it any of
them should be desirous to consult me upon any sub-
ject that is interesting to them, I shall be very happy to
meet them upon that occasion. I know not whether you
will fortify me upon leaving this meeting by an assu-
rance which I shall be proud to convey, or to have it in
my power of carrying to the people of Dublin, the
people of Cork, the people of Limerick, the people of
Waterford—(Loud cheers)—that the men of Drogheda
are resolved to stand by their fellow-countrymen in any
effort which may be made to achieve the liberties of Ire-
land.—(Loud and prolonged cheering.)
At this stage of the proceedings the Mayor, Michael
Rogers, Esq., the mayor elect, Alderman Sirneocks, and
a large number of the town council, were enabled to get
on the platform, having been previously obliged, from
the dense pressure of the crowd, to stand in the body of
the meeting.
Mr. SMITH O'BRINN said he would take that oppor-
tunity of stating that he intended to be present at a
meeting of the Irish League in Dublin, on Wednesday
next; and he was invited by the committee to express
their desire,That as many of the townspeople of Drogheda
as could could conveniently to do so, would attend on
that occasion.—(Cheers )
Mr. P. SMITH moved the next resolution, which was
adopted :—" Resolved—That we earnestly recommend
our fellow-townsmen to forward the organization of the
people by promptly forming additional clubs in the town
and neighbourhood."
Mr. SMITH O'BRIEN again came forward, and ob-
serving the pressure of the crowd, and the great incon-
venience which many in the meeting were suffering
thereby, said—l am .anxious, from what I see here, to
persuade you that it is of the utmost importance that
you should observe the most perfect order at all your
public meetings. I met in Cork the other day above
10,000 people, of whom 2,000 belonged to tho clubs. The
8,000 were pressing on each other, while the 2,000 took
up their places in regular order, and really looked more
numerous and imposing than the mass who were
so irregular, and they walked—for wo must not say
" marched" in these times—(Laughter)—in a manlier
that commanded the highest aduiiration. Let me tell
you what occurred to me in the county of Cork last Hera.
A member of a club in Bantry rode forty miles in one
night, fur the purpose of conveying is later tO rue. It
would appear to me that the time is cowing, or has
perhaps arrived, when communication by post may be-
e,,me unsafe. I am not sure that my own letters are not
plied. I believe the letters of others are. Therefore,
it I wanted to send a letter from Dubin to Donegal, 1
should wish to see such an establishment of clubs
through the country that it could he passed from lt,titl
to hand, without giving. any man the trouble of going
ten miles with it, or causing him any inconvenience or
expense.—(Hear, and cheer:,.)
The Mayor was then called to the chair, and the
thanks of the meeting having been voted to the previous
chairman, the immense multitude dispersed in the most
orderly manner, cheering loudly for bmith O'Brien and
repeal.
MR. JOHN O'CONNELL IN COVE.

Mr. John O'Connell, accompanied by his brother
Maurice, arrived in Cove, on Saturday, from London.
lie will remain till Wednesday. A deputation from a
portion of the people of Cove waited on him yesterday,
on board his brother's yacht, and presented him with an
address expressive of confidence in his policy. We un-
derstand he was invited to a public dinner.
THE CONFEDERATES AT BLARNEY.

Sunday last the members of the "John Mitchel Club,"
about thirty persons, most ship-carpenters, visited the
Groves of Blarney, their object being to sow sedition ;
but the priest of the parish, the Rev. Mat. Horgan, of
round-tower notoriety, having previously exhorted his
parishioners against such bad company, the mission of
these fomenters of discord proved abortive. Two sol-
diers were present whom the police paid some attention
to, they having repeatedly shouted for repeal, and an-
nounced that similar opinions were held by the majority
of the army. Before and after the meeting immense
quantities of porter wero drank and given away by the
confederates, and in some cases the "shebeen" houses
were emptied of their contents. It was rumoured that
a "detective " was present in the chapel yard, and this
would appear to have had considerable restraint on the
orators, who went into a peaceable district to foment re-
' bellion amongst the peasantry.
Cloghroe, also, was not without a visit from these
worthies. In this case the object was to frighten the
parish priest (Mr. Cahill), who had addressed his con-
gregation from the altar on the previous Sabbath,
strongly condemning the pernicious doctrines of the
Young Ireland party, and advising his parishioners, as
they valued peace and their own security, to give no
countenance to such persons.
CONFEDERATES IN CARRIGALINE.

On Sunday after last mass a meeting was held in the
chapel yard of Carrigaline, for the purpose of establish-
ing a Confederate club. The meeting was attended by
a deputation of. foist from the city, the prominent parties
being Mr. Varian, the brush maker, and Mr. Hayes,
the coffin maker. When the meeting was about being
held, the deputation and a crowd followed Father Ryan,
the parish priest, as he was leaving the chapel, and re-
quested him to take the chair, but he peremptorily re-
fused, statinfy, that he was not a fighting man, and that
he was much grieved to find his hitherto peaceable parish
invaded by parties whose anxiety was to drive the coun-
try to outrage.

QUARTER TO ►SIX O'CLOCK.

The Government have chartered a steamer from the
the City of Dublin Company, to convey troops from
Belfast to Cork, where the aspect of affairs is alarming.
The Lord-Lieutenant, wo understand, has no intention
at present of visiting England.
The city is quite tranquil.