The Sun.
London, England, 1846-06-04 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDA Y, EVENING, JUNE '4,1 1E46:

main staysails, main and mizen trysails, housed topgallant
inasts, and made all snug, Rattler, was the only one of the
steamers in company, and she keeping her station admirably,
and otherwise doing well.
Lat. in, 47 deg. 52 min. N. ; long., 8 deg. 48 min. W.

No. VI.
MAY 20.
REMARKS.
This day has been passed under a close-reefed maintop-
sail, fore and main staysails, main and mizen trysails ; the
wind W„ blowing from Bto 9, with a heavy sea on. Some
observations were made to-day on the motion of the different
ships in heavy weather. The result is that Albion rolled
five times to Trafalgar's once, and rolled her main channels
under, taking the sea in on her quarter-deck ; in short, it
was frightful to look at her. Superb rolled her main-deck
ports in, and filled her ward-room from the officers' cabins.
Vanguard rolled heavily, but not so much as Albion or Rod-
ney. Queen was best of the Symonites. St. Vincent rolled
27 deg. to starboard and 20 min. to port ; was very easy,
but shipped a go( d deal of water on her lower deck, from the
new fangled way of securing the ports with screws, instead
of the old port-bar and forelock. Rainey behaved well,
and, take her in every respect, is the best two-deck ship
among us. Queen was obliged occasionally to set her reefed
foresail, to prevent her falling off so much to leeward.
Rattler, was the only one of the steamers with us, and
making very good weather.
Lat. in,4B deg. 46 min. N. ; long., 8 deg. 52 min. W.

No. VII.
MAI- 21.

r
REMARES•
•
The wind to-day has been blowing hard from the N. W.,
and the Superb was early ordered to look out to leeward,
and the 'Trafalgar to windward, the utmost sail they could
carry being double-reefed topsails, whole courses, fore and
main top-gallant sails, jib and spanker; the remainder of
the squadron under the same sail as yesterday, with a good
deal of motion for the want of more (sail). The Brilliant
was brought back among us to-day, and repo-ted having
seen two of the steamers on Tuesday, Rattler being the only
one with us ; the other five, viz., Terrible, Cyclops, Gla-
diator, Scourge, and Retribution, having come out to have
their sailing qualities tested, are to be yet found ere they
undergo that operation.
Lat. in, 48 deg. N. ; long., 9 deg. 48 min. W.

co. VIII.
DIAY 22.
REMARKS.

The wind and sea had considerably abated during the past
night, so much so that St. Vincent in the forenoon exercised
firing her middle and lower deck guns from her stern ports ;
the reason why she did not exercise before being owing to
the dangerous illness of one of the men, who is now conva-
lescent. It occupied one hour to remove bulkheads, &c., and
10 rounds from each of the four guns—namely, 2 in ward-
room, and 2 in gun-room—making in all 40 discharges, were
fired in 15 minutes. The effects of the concussion were more
serious than those produced in the other ships, but it may in
some degree be attributed to the loosening of the fastenings
of some of the ornamental fittings of the stern, from the
working of the ship during the last few days, and not alto-
gether from the firing. At it was, however, she lost a great
part of her stern ornaments during the exercise, and her
stern galleries were loosened and suffered proportionally.
Carpenters and joiners were called in to assist in putting mat-
ters in place again, from the other ships of the squadron,
though many articles of glass and coarser material were found
to be beyond repair. In short, this cruise will be a most ex-
pensive one to the Government, and an almost ruinous one
to the officers' messes, by reason of the many breakages.
Gladiator and Scourge rejoined the squadron this evening,
Cyclops, Retribution, and Terrible being still missing. Too
much praise cannot be given to Rattler for the way in which she
has kept her station. The weather we have experieneed has
been just such as was wanted to test the steamers' sailing and
other qualities, but their separation from the rest of the
squadron has prevented most effecrually the comparison from
taking place, and it may be a long time now before such
_ another opportunity offers.
15 Lat. in, 48 deg. 8 min. N. ; long., 9 deg. 8 min. W.
63

No. IX.
MAY 23.
REMARKS.
10
16 The weather to-day has been tolerably fair :no evolutions,
and nothing doing, save that Gladiator took eight hours to
unship her floats, and the ships of the squadron had per-
mission to communicate wiah each other.
MAY 24.
REMARKS.
To-day there has been a nice breeze from the N.E., blowing
3to 31. In the morning Trafalgar was ordered to look out
to leeward, and Brilliant and Rattler to windward; the rest
of the squadron in the prescribed order of sailing, in close
order. St. Vincent and Queen equal ; Superb better than
Rodney ; and Vanguard and Albion on a par, as far as sailing
went; but the great feat of the day was Rattler beating
Brilliant 2 miles to windward in 4 hours. It really was
painful to see so noble-looking a corvette do so badly. Query
—would either of the other steamers have done half as
much ? Every day proves more and more their inutility
under sail alone.
May 23—Lat. in, 47 deg. 48 min. N. ; long. 9 deg. 38 min.W.
May 24—Lat. in,47 deg. 47 min. N.; long., 8 deg. 53 min.W.

No. X.
MAY 25.
REMARKS.
To-day the weather has been fine, the water smooth, the
wind from the N.E., blowing about 3. At 9h. 30m. the
squadron exercised at general quarters, firing blank cart-
ridge. As this was done principally to give the newly-
raised men an opportunity of reducing to real practice what
they have been regularly drilled at without firing since
leaving Portsmouth, there is no room to say a great deal
about it. Better kept-up firing will of course be attained as
soon as the men know more of the drill ; and perhaps real
firing more frequently with a few number of rounds would
give them more confidence than going through the mere
motions, and at last expend all the powder allowed for
exercise at one great battue. To-day three rounds froni
each ship was the prescribed allowance. "Terrible" and
"Cyclops" are still missing.
Lat. in, 40 deg. 10 min. N.; long., 9 deg. 30 min. W.

No. XI.
MAY 26.
TRIAL Or SAILING ON A 'WIND.
At 11h. 35r0. A.M., Brilliant, Superb, and Rattler started
on port tack, the wind N.B. Sail carried, single-reefed top-
sails, royals, and flying jib ; with a slight swell from the
northward, and the force of the wind from 4 to 41/2.

RESULT.

Ships' Names
Brilliant
Superb
Rattler

Superb. Rattler.
103

R EMARKS.
This trial terminated very differently from what had been
expected, and every one is at a loss in what way to account
for it. Brilliant appeared to move without life, even her sails
required to be set by signal from the Commodore, and yet by
diagram and by eye she held the first place ; Rattler, Scourge,
and Gladiator, the only steamers in company; the rest of the
squadron in the prescribed order of sailing under double-
reefed topsails and topgallantsails, St. Vincent maintaining a
slight advantage over Queen.
Lat. in, 48 deg. 30 min. N. ; long. 10 deg. 13 min. W.

No. XII.
MAY 27.
Last night, at 11 o'clock, the unusual sound of " Lash up
hammocks," followed by beating to quarters, was heard, and
the night signal to engage was hoisted at the mizen. Ham-
mocks were up and stowed ; stools, tables, &c., cleared away,
and the first gun fired in ten minutes. The time which
elapsed between making the signal and firing the first gun
was nearly as follows :—Number of rounds fired--three.
Time signal was made being at 11 r.m.

h. m. sec. h. in. sec.
Queen, Ist gun at ... 11 5 00 ceased firing 11 20 00
Vanguard, ditto ... 11 530 ditto ..• 11 17 30
Rattler, ditto ... 11 6 20 ditto ...1
Superb, ditto ... 11 6 30 ditto ...
Rodney, ditto ... 11 6 40 ditto
Brilliant, ditto ... 11 6 50 ditto ...
Albion, ditto ... 11 7 00 ditto ...
Trafalgar, ditto ... 11 7 30 ditto ...
St. Vincent, ditto ... 11 10 00 ditto ...
Gladiator, ditto ... 11 10 30 ditto ...
Scourge, ditto ... 11 12 00 ditto
REMARKS.
It is difficult to state precisely the time of finishing, but
the above will be found not very wide of the truth. The
particulars relative to St. Vincent were as follows :—At 11h.
harr mocks were piged up ; in six minutes they were stowed,
and the men at the upper deck quarters covering them. At
11h. 10m, the firing became general on the main and middle
decks ; at llh. 17m. the guns on all the decks, except those
in the cabins, ward-room, and gun-room) were in full play.
At llh. 27m. firing ceased, three rounds having been ex-
pended. At 11h. 50m. lower deck tables and stools having
been replaced, the magazines secured, and decks swept,
hammocks were piped down, and at 12 the watch was called.
The effect was very pretty, the night fine, a little swell from
the northward, and force of wind 3. The squadron was in
the prescribed order of sailing, under double reefed-topsails,
foresail, maintrysail, and spanker. No accident is reported,
and, taken altogether, it must be considered a very creditable
performance. The Vanguard's firing was the best sustained.
Trafalgar fired a running broadside admirably. Brilliant
fired a broadside which told well, and the heavy guns of the
steamers produced an involuntary shudder, as their deep re-
port came booming along.
To-day has been passed very pleasantly ; two of the squa-
dron were sent to look out, the one to windward, the other
to leeward, but have not succeeded in picking up the stray
sheep. We are crossing and re-crossing the spot fixed on
for our rendezvous, but Cyclops, Retribution, and Terrible
are no where to be found.
Lat. in, 48 deg. 24 min. N. ; long. 9 deg. 18 min. W.

at about
h. m.
11 29

No. XIII.
MAY 28.
TRIAL 01 SAILING ON A WIND.

At Bb. 30m. A.M., Queen and Albion started on port tack.
Sail carried, whole topsails, royals, and flying jib. Force of
wind 3, from E.N.E. to E. by N. N., with a slight confused
swell. St. Vincent and rest of squadron under single reefed
topsails and topgallantsails, with jib and spanker. The
steamers under the same sail.

RESULT.
Albion beat Queen 1,783 fathoms, or 1i mile.
REMARKS.

The trial excited but little interest in those who had wit-
nessed the performances of these two ships on former occa-
sions. Albion, with a deck less than Queen, and conse-
quently with less top hamper, and having a greater spread
of canvass, ought at least to prove herself the better sailer.
Rodney and Superb had a sort of trial on a S. by E course,
after all te
ino which Rodney had an apparent advantage, for it can be
tribution
Ttoapentrent when judged of at a distance of 6 or 7 miles.
Lat. at noon, 149'
tvas more as a look-out than anything else. yet,
, exertions made by the Commodore to find Re-
and Terrible, they will not appear.
deg. 34 min. N.; long., 9 deg. 36 min. W.

The Gladiator satteadm-
COVE OF CORK, MAY 31.
lution, which shegleft oany Jigeht from the squadron of evo-
fll:igate, Captain Robb, arrived
here this mornin
eveningl of the 29th, about
230 miles to the S.W effectshis
ompanoyf.pthaTeehel.aoteThe squadron had
Retribution a l all t
partedhe o
Kale, in which the
experienced
that remained with the squadron waset?iysteam-frigato
the Rattler and Scourge steam-sloops. the Gladiator,t and
the 15th, the Cyclops, Terrible, and Brillianetnipghtt of
company with the squadron, and the Retribution
on the night of the 17th, in the gale of wind. The
Scourge and Gladiator also parted company, but, on the same night, with the Brilliant, rejoined and kept
company with the squadron when the Gladiator left.
The larger part of the steam squadron having parted
company, there were few steam evolutions; indeed,
when the Gladiator joined, she had the signal made to
take off her paddle-floats, as she is unable to disconnect
her engine, and being obliged to drag the floats through
the water, not only strains the engine a great deal, but
requires a greater quantity of sail to be carried. Both

Gladiator and Scourge appeared to have suffered a great
deal during the gale, as they looked as if they had
shipped some heavy seas, and their berthing and spon-
sons appeared to have started; oue of the Gladiator's
quarter-boats appeared to have been stove, but in other
respects she appeared to have behaved very well, and
joined the fleet in good order; and after having taken
off her paddle-floats, sailed and kept company with the
squadron under all sail, and certainly appeared by
far the finest looking steam-frigate in the squadron;
in proof of which it may be stated that with her paddle-
floats shipped, and her engine connected, she kept com-
pany with the sailing ships of the squadron, when the
Terrible, Retribution, and Cyclops were obliged to part
company, and take shelter in the gale from stress of
weather. In making her passage to this place the Gla-
diator broke one of the brasses of the connecting rod of
one' of her air pumps, and was obliged to stop her en-
gines, to discover the defective one, for four hours, but
proceeded on her course, and came here with one engine
only. She is a noble-looking frigate, and is farlighter on
the water than any we have seen here. The squadron
may be expected here on the 2d or 3d inst.

Extract of another letter, dated Chops of the Channel,
May 29 :—"I have only a moment to tell you that the
Nuadron are all well' in the Chops of the Channel, this
29th of May.
" St. Vincent—sails well.
" Queen—not so well as when Sir Baldwin Walker com-
manded her.

" Trafalgar—very badly.
" Superb—best.
"Rodney—not so well.
"Albion—better than Rodney.
" 'Vanguard—next to Superb.
" The Rattler, propelling steamer, is the only one that has
been able to keep company with the sailing ships, all the
others or most of them have been damaged. The Terrible
lost her rudder, Retribution a paddle-box, Cyclops severely
damaged; and you may confidently state that except Rattler
not one of our steamers are fit for ocean work,' and they
may retire to the Lakes, or into smooth water, as soon as
they please. The Rattler has been on the weather bow of
the Commodore, her station, every morning at daybreak
without a miss. We have had many trials of sailing, in
which the false keel and the skill of Captain Corry have made
Superb the fleetest of the fleet, and in every evolution, by
day or by night, the superior officers of the Superb have
proved their superiority.
"The squadron go to Cork, land the marines, and astonish
the natives. Then on a cruise—then to Bantry-bay—then
to cruise—then to Spithead—then to cruise—and then to
Plymouth—another cruise—and lay up on the let of Novem-
ber, unless we should be wanted upon foreign service.
"I could have wished to have been more particular, but
the signals for 'Letters to England' immediate, leaves me no
more time."

SQUADRON OF EVOLUTION.
We publish in another part of our impression of this
day a series of communications from the squadron of
evolution, which form a most striking contrast to the
observations we had unfortunately occasion to make en
the sluggish performances and inefficient command of
the trial squadron last year. On the present occasion
the whole arrangement of the cruise, the nature of the
evolutions, the evident improvement in the ships' com-
panies, and the masterly handling of the vessels, have
produced most interesting, satisfactary, and instructive
results. The severe gale which blew in the Channel im-
mediately after the squadron had left Spithead defeated
one of the principal objects of this cruise, which was to
try the powers of the large steamers under sail, and to
put in practice some novel combinations of naval tactics
produced by the union of first-class steamers of war with
a squadron of line-of-battle ships. But the accidental
cause which frustrated this project and dispersed the
principal steam portion of the fleet, has served to ex-
hibit in a most striking light the vast inferiority of our
best steamers to ships of the line at sea, and the incon-
veniences attached to this whole class of vessels. With
the exception of the Rattler, which is, we believe, fitted
at this time with Woodcrofc's screw propeller,
and which distinguished herself on all occasions, under
sail as well as steam, the large steamers have proved
huge incumbrances to the fleet. The Terrible and Cy-
clops were missing, for they had, in fact, put back into
Plymouth to refit after the first gale ; the Retribution,
though less shaken by the gale, parted company on the
17th of May ; and the Gladiator was the only steam-
frigate that held on with the fleet, and upon her joining
the signal was made:to take off her paddle-floats. The
Devastation bad proceeded at once on a particular ser-
vice. As an experimental steam cruise the failure is
complete, but it is all the more instructive. We have
never affected to undervalue the importance of steam-
vessels as auxiliaries to a fleet, more especially in ope-
rations near land, or in rivers, &c. ; but it is clear that
very large steamers constructed on the present system
are comparatively useless at sea. If this fleet had been
ordered to proceed to the coast of America on a rapid
hostile expedition, or if it had been engaged in one
of those terrible chases of an enemy's squadron
which have so often tried the whole patience and
energy of our seamen, the presence of the steamers
would have defeated the object, they would have
retarded the squadron, and perhaps proved useless for
want of coals on their arrival at their destination. The
Rattler, indeed, the only screw-propelled steamer of the
squadron, must be excepted from these observations ;
and the experiment is highly favourable to that inge.
nious mode of applying steam power. But, generally
speaking, the advantage has been in favour of the prac•
tical utility of small rather than of first-class steamers,
and none of them have, as sea-going ships, the indis-
pensable qualities of the man-of-war:under canvass. This
experiment has, therefore, greatly strengthened:the con-
viction we have repeatedly expressed, in opposition to
the doctrines of the Prince de Joinville, who holds that
steam-vessels are destined to supersede the ancient bul-
warks of the navy. Commodore Sir Francis Collier de-
serves credit for the spirit and activity he has infused
into the movements of the squadron during this cruise.
The trial of the 19th of May between the Vanguard and
the Rodney, which our correspondent has described with
a sailor's enthusiasm, shows how completely the com-
manders of those fine ships and their gallant crews have
now got them in hand. The night exercise at the guns
on the 27th of May was performed with astonishing ra-
pidity and precision. At 11 o'clock P.M. the order ",Lash-
up hammocks" was heard, followed by beating to quarters;
in five minutes from that moment the Queen fired her first
gun, and within seven minutes more the whole squadron
had opened its fire, ending with the deep roar of the
huge artillery of the Scourge. Thee rounds were fired,
and in less than an hour from the first signal the
.ships
had resumed their former appearance, hammocks were
piped down, and at midnight the watch was called. The
squadron will probably reach the Cove of Cork about
the 9th of June, where some experiments will be made
in landing the marines of the squadron,the field-pieces,
and a large party of seamen on Spike Island ; and
another similar demonstration is also projected on
Whiddy Island, in Bantry Bay, where the shore is more
difficult of access. As, however, it is intended very
shortly to re-assemble the whole sauadron at Ports

mouth, for several important reasons, these operations
may possibly be postponed. We may hope that the
evolutions of the combined steam squadron and ships of
the line will still be tried, as they may be applied with
increased rather than diminished utility within reach ofour
coasts. We trust that, to these pacific and inoffensive
exercises, the strength of our navy may long be confined,
and that the bare reputation of their power may suffice
to shield the honour and interests of the country. But
if, without our seeking fresh opportunities to raise the
renown of British seamen, and in spite of the sincere
efforts of a temperate policy to preserve the tranquillity
of the world, we are driven to resort to more decided
measures, we are proud to think that a finer squadron
has never left our ports, and that it would be followed,
if necessary, by reinforcements eager to attain the same
degree of excellence. Meanwhile, the detachment of
Sappers and Artillerymen who are about to leave Wool-
wich, under the orders of Captain Blackwood, for the
purpose of strengthening the British forts in the Oregon
territory, are ready to proceed on their destination, and
they will take out with them stores amply sufficient to
provide for the defence of that province by the agents of
the Hudson's Bay Company.—Times.

FATAL ACCIDENT AT LONDON-BRlDGE..—yesterday,
Mr. W. Baker, jun., held an inquest at the Town of Rams-
gate, Wapping, on the body of William Somers, aged eleven
years. It appeared from the evidence, that on the 20th of
May the deceased was leaning over one of the recesses on
London-bridge, when the wind blew the cap off his head on
to the stone work outside the balustrades. He attempted to
reach it, and, in so doing, he lost his balance and was pre-
cipitated into the i iver. Every exertion was made to save
him, but without effect. A sailor, named Brown, picked the
body up off Wapping Old Stairs, on Monday morning last,
and conveyed it to the dead-house. The mother identified
the body as that of her son. The jury returned a verdict of
" Accidental death."
VICTORIA PARK.—This now popular place of resort
at the east end of the metropolis has been a great source of
attraction during the holidays. It was visited on Whit. Sun-
day alone by upwards of 25,000 persons, and by about 5,000
each on the three following days. Since Easter it has been
twice visited by royalty, his Royal Highness Prince Albert
having made an inspection on his return from laying the
foundation of the Sailors' Church, and the Duke of Cambridge
about a week afterwards, each being attended by Mr. Curtis,
the forester.
LIFE PRESERVER.—On Monday an interesting ex-
periment was made in the Thames, near Putney-bridge, with
a belt filled with cork shavings. It was tied under the arms
of a person with his clothes on, who, on rolling overboard,
was instantly floated, with his head and shoulders above
water, down the stream. The belt was then taken off, and
thrown to the person, who, on catching and holding it,
floated as before, and was soon drawn on board. The cork
belt has this great advantage over the zinc drums some-
times carried on board steamers, that if it struck the persons
on being thrown to them, it could not hurt them, whereas
the heavy metal drums might do them serious injury.
It is light, cheap, and portable, and, unlike the air-belt,
not liable to accident. We think in dangerous boat-
service (for it has been successfully tried in a heavy sea), in
shipwreck, and teaching young people to swim, it will prove
clothes on, r in fresh water, with the
power
Phelps and Cobb, the and this it did to
highly serviceable. The object on Monday was to test its
the satisfaction of watermen, some
gentlemen
tion of the buoYancy o
useful application
on experimental
philosophy.
• of Mr. D. F. Walker, the lecturer
nof the. college,. &c. This simple sciomrkpleisintgheeniira and
inventto
Previous to the commencement of the present
Hertfordshire was divided between the dioceses
and Lincoln, and the visitations of the clergy, by the bishops
and archdeacon, for the former diocese, have usually
been
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HertfOrd, ill All Saints' Ciluzda,--Zasex Herald.

MAGAZINES_(CONTINUED.)

UNION MAGAZINE.
The present number of the Union, which completes
the first volume, commences with an article, entitled
" Revelations of Many Years' Sojourn in Rome," which,
although written in a light and mirthful vein, yet fur-
nishes frequently matter worthy of serious reflection.
Take, for instance, the opening paragraph:—
" Patriotism is generally considered to be an instinctive
attachment to the soil on which we are born. I must con-
fess myself a stranger to such a feeling, and can only ima-
gine it to exist in the breasts of those who are not only born
on the soil, but possess a portion thereof. In this case the
attachment is a mutual one ; and, in return for the benefits
derived from a long rent-roll, the possessor has every in.
ducement to stand up in defence of, and protect, the charac-
ter of the friend to whom he is so much indebted."
Here we have developed to us the true causo of the in •
tense nationality of the French people, and of the cosmo-
politan carelessness of the bulk of the English. In France,
thanks to the aboltion of the laws of primogeniture and
entail, every individual almost is possessed of some
portion of the land, while no single individual possesses
an overwhelming influence. Our territorial constitution, on
the contrary, backed up as it is by the laws of primogeni-
ture and entail, conduces to the formation of great estates.
into which all lesser estates become absorbed. The
yeoman is destroyed, and is forced either to seek in other
countries that property in the soil which is denied him
in his own, or to sink into a mere day labourer. In the
first case he becomes a patriot of the land which has re-
ceived and fostered him, in opposition to that land which
cast him forth—in the second place, sullen and discon-
tented, he cannot be supposed to have any very great
feeling of attachment to institutions which have worked
his ruin; and in the day of peril to those institutions,
whether that peril arise from invasion from abroad, or
from insurrection at home, it cannot be imagined that
he would exert himself very energetically in their defence.
The feelings of this writer on the subject of patriotism are
more generally diffused throughout the country than our
rulers probably imagine, and it would be well that before
the hour of danger arrives they should seriously con-
sider this subject, and by a modification of the laws of
inheritance and entail, encourage the large landed pro-
prietors to sell portions of their estates, so as to enable
men of moderate means to invest their savings in
land, and thus largely to increase the number of those
who have every inducement to stand up in defence of
their country, for they may rely upon it that the greater
portion of mankind will agree with this writer, who in the
next sentence says " For my own part I prefer that country
which is productive of the greatest enjoyment to me.
The following observations should be written by every
traveller in the first page of his note-book before he
sets off on his journey, and conned over every time he
sits down to journalise his day's adventures. They
apply equally to the denizens of every nation:—
" It is very unfair to judge the present Romans by our
own standard,—we are a commercial, enterprising nation,
with a popular Government ;—they, a dispirited, enervated,
race. Every effort they make to shake off the stagnant do-
minion of the priesthood is crushed by the Austrian Govern-
ment ;—any attempt at improvement in the internal re-
sources of the country, for facilitating intercourse with other
nations, discouraged, or immediately suppressed. The
priests, drawn from, and so judiciously mixed with, all
classes of the community, so as to render the greater part
dependent on their good graces for subsistence, hold the reins
of government in all departments of the state, every chan-
nel of which is diseased with bribery and corruption. They
are the victims of might over right, and deserve commise-
ration rather than scorn. I have mingled in all ranks of
society, and found the spirit of freedom universal ; but they
cannot alone shake off the yoke. Let those who contrast
them with their mighty ancestors and hold them up to deri-
sion, rather lend them a helping hand to file the chain
the very stones
ofthat
ognal lel s
w'
osut
dl
risem anayn ad nmonbtl
ien Ry Tan,' and
The author's account of his sojourn in Rome is written
in a lively and animated strain. According to him,
Rome, for a lounger of moderate means, must be the
pleasantest residence in the world—save and except in
the time of the cholera for then it appears the
priests and Jesuits, having promised the people that a
pilgrimage to the Madonna of Santa Maria Mag-
giore, which had been transferred to the church of
the esuits, would defend them against the plague, and
finding that the Virgin refused her miraculous inter-
position, had recourse, in order to stop the progress of
the spirit of unbelief, so dangerous to their dominion, to
the wicked expedient of persuading the people that the
foreigners resident in Rome were, in order to gratify
their religious animosity, administering poison in va-
rious shapes to the inhabitants, and that its effects were
in every respect similar to those of cholera. The con-
sequence was that a poor Englishman, named Houseal,
was torn to pieces in the street by an infuriated mob,
and that his funeral procession was obliged to be ac-
companied by an escort of dragoons, to prevent the mob
from attacking those who attended his mutilated
remains to the grave. To this paper succeeds the second
of the " Quarantine Tales," a stirring story of American
India adventure, entitled "Ontario Leathershins." In

the paper on the rise and progress of Liberty in England
and France, the writer discovers an evident leaning
towards Charles 1., whose faults are all either kept in
the back ground or turned into') virtues, while those of
his adversaries are exaggerated. The other papers of
this number are all of more than average merit.

THE PEOPLE'S JOURNAL.
Since this excellent miscellany commenced, it has not
merely prospered, but improved; and we attribute this
not only to the bright talents engaged in its production
—the talents of the Howitts, Barry Cornwall, Charles
Mackay, Angus Reach, Ebenezer Elliott, Harriett Mar-
tineau, Mary Gillies, T. W. Fox, cum ceteris paribus—
but to the noble spirit by which every article in its com-
position is actuated. Unlike many of its contempora-
ries, the name of this journal is no mere catch-penny—
it is literally true. The interest of the people, the en-
lightenment of the people, the amusement of the people,
are throughout consulted; and consulted always with the
most spontaneous and genial earnestness. Should it
cease from any lack of encouragement, great blame will
ipso facto be attached to the multitude to whom it is
addressed. We cannot but think, indeed, that the
English public owe a debt of gratitude to the more
eminent amongst those names which we have enumerated
above; for deserting the more lucrative, and what many
would erroneously regard as the more honourable,
walks of literature, to aid in the dissemination of
truth, and goodness, and beauty among the industrious
i;ortions of their countrymen. We say those more
substantial walks of literature would be erroneously called
more honourable, for what can be more honourable to
an author than to participate in some measure in the
regeneration of his fellow-men ? What could be loftier,
nobler, more elevated in every sense to the bookman ?
In what could genius display itself more vividly ? It is
impossible not to perceive the progress which this
opinion has already made, and the signal success with
which the ideal has been substantialised into the utilita-
rian. Animated with these sentiments, the pen has
carved out more lasting glory for humanity than all the
swords of all the conquerors of every bygone generation.
May such opinions spread and fructify! They have our
heart's benison. It is because we regard the abstract
grandeur of this great moral movement in our literature
that we are ever rejoiced at any fresh signal of its ad-
vance. And as one amongst these signals, the People's
Journal has ensured our most cordial sympathy. Per-
haps the most agreeable paper in the present part, to us,
is the "Biographic Sketch of Leigh Hunt," by William
Howitt ; the opening passage has a peculiar tone
about it tender, pensive, and affecting. And
looking at that exquisite portrait of the poet,
by Margaret Gillies, and reading his " Story of
Rimini," it is impossible not to entertain towards him
feelings of the liveliest interest. We would annihilate
the recollection of his recreancy towards the solemn
memory of our great Byron; and would fain trust that
the literary pension list (so scanty, when the proverbial
indigence of authorship is remembered !) may speedily
be adorned with the name of Leigh Hunt. Speedily
we say ; for, was he not born in 1784—two and sixty
years ago ? Sir Robert Peel (whom, thank God, we
may now class among our most patriotic statesmen) not
very long since honoured That list by affixing an annual
income of two hundred pounds upon Alfred Tennyson ;
will he not call to mind the struggles, the labours, the
imprisonment, the books of Leigh Hunt ? We hope so :
—heartily, we hope so. It would be almost inviduous to
particularise one among so many and such able contri-
butions as throng the columns of this excellent periodical ;
some instructive, some moral, some entertaining, but all
alike kindly intentioned. Briefly, however, we may ob-
serve that the People's Journal should be purchased and
read.

SHARPES LONDON MAGAZINE.
In the full spirit of competition, the publisher of this
magazine presents to the reading public (and what an
immense public it has become !), a singularly good pub-
lication, at a singularly moderate cost to the subscribers.
is' Elopement quite a minia-
ture a
Its pages are in a particular manner miscellaneous ;
disquisitions, legends, essays, lyrics, and general litera-
ture, alternating in a pleasant diversity. The engravings,
moreover, are spirited and characteristic ; that illus-
tturaretivcearotfoo'n' ;T,
hafnd
eFaalnloothf
etrh,eenFtlietmledingtsh,e,
'
most delicious embodiment of the poetry and the Pure
passion of Love. Assuredly, the Lothario is to be en-
vied in the pie;ture, if not in the story, of which it is the
embellishment. The London Magazine i • s creditable both
to editor and publisher.

eGn.titClerduik,sliTanrek:
bersatire on. the pre-
vailing represented as
OUR OWN TIMES. li---'=lustramt
deviled
men Thedou
rage
a gsea fronds;cf roirtlceehec
,ee,
a, i
i:sno e
as
st
.hi
The
witheringnh ue,
grinding in a mill the hapless operatives while huge
bales of goods are being produced from the 'hopper to be sold at a " tremendous sacrifice." In the letter-press
which accompanies the plate we find the following hints
as to the method
of the industrious toperati 'vesu:--
o be :pursed to remedy the miseries
" How are the miseries ; of the classes of industrious
idantdhaetveervyerpyurnrcraufsearc.
ttourperrochuarse awrhiagththteowgaent
ths,isawt or
the
operatives we have been de scribing to be remedied? It will
ldbooewnseeas't possible price. Nott Ling can be truer. But were the
former to give their -work-people that share of their profits
which they now spend in decorations, and were purchasers
of the middle and afiluo nt classes to show less of that
abating and huxtefing spirit which hunts after ' tremendous
sacrifices, the condition of thousands to whose hands they
are indebted for t heir chief comforts would be much im-
proved."
6, Wanted a Mids' hipman" should be read by all young
gentlemen who h sve imbibed a taste for a sea-faring
lant.give o.f: a genius for the arts:—
life ; and " High . 6Lrt, in 1846," is well worthy the at-
mus_taehios redolent with fumes of
tention of those I 7.mtlemen. who fancy that uncombed
" High Art has gone,
lake other blockheads, to finish his
education in Geri nany, and has returned a ' melancholy
Monsieur.' There is nothing in existence so oppressive as
of a mole inn coxcomb. There is a pleasure in
the presence .
dasrter a
Indicggli
tobacco,bair, an
noticing the pert • viv acityof a young
one, as there is in fol-
lowing the freakisl h w Tiggling darts and returns of a water•
wagtail ; but the sti fl' inanity of the coxcomb of mature
Years—his spathe' do . emptiness, whose solemn tones, like a
beaten dram or e mg) I barrel; merbeate their own-hollow-

ness, cause a suffusion of blood in the head as surely as at-
tempting to breathe in the rare atmosphere of the Alpine
summits, or in the exhausted receiver of an air-pump.
" High Art, dressed out according to the last German
fashion, is little better than an abstraction, and next cousin
to nothing. It is passionless, colourless, formless. It is in-
tolerant of all those mere human passions which ' Elysium
knows net, Erebus disdains :' according to its latest ex-
pounder, the Oxford Graduate, the object of art is to express
infinite space by the medium of absolute repose. Colour, we
are told, distracts the attention, and weakens the sentiment.
Pa:nters are forbidden to use any but the pale, meagre
colours of fresco painting. There is licentiousness in the
efforts of later artists to imitate the minute details of the
human form : the conventional straight lines of Gothic or
Etruscan sculpture are the only true medium for the expres-
sion of the sublime. A figure, stiff and rectangular, as one
lhdt
tiosoheraldic
eds
riegsoaciellunattecboi
snimtefiropaui
rlcesett
ise;
sedeecdoobl
fyo lipscuhGrsl
rwi
nhei ch
gas; h a
thee e bo
ce
3n,
sass :pent ebpi sjlreeooca;nt_ce
hdot
artistseromr awanhoflauifibnboteurrsiiiisenlkieelsyds
from study of the works of cloistered
before men had learned to draw. The kind of drawing which
most closely corresponds to the definition of High Art
theorists, is that of a Rothschild, where a few stiff lines
may express a golden million. This High Art would be ex-
clusively characterised by negatives, but for the lath and
plaster, which is the most indispensable part of it. Fresco
is the sine god non of the school : the painter must study
under the plasterer, to learn the art of compounding lime
and sand, or plaster of Paris; and under the chemist, to
know how wet greens turn into dry blues: accomplished in
these recondite branches of learning, he needs no more
schooling, but may set up at once for an artist."
was richly deserved, and has been well laid on.
tah
lea
s'h'
ihnigg hw
in;
ireth"
humbug
thatabrue,gilnadhand Canrduilatdshmai
nnlis administered dtaken
t

ROYAL GEMS FROM THE GALLERIES
OF EUROPE. Part I.

Worthy of this sounding title is the magnificent pub-
lication above announced. It is composed of engravings
from " National Pictures of the Great Masters, with
notices, biographical, historical and descriptive, by S. C.
Hall." So declares the title-page, and the contents of
part one fully corroborate the declaration. The en-
gravings are masterpieces in that art by Greatbach,
Sharpe, and Cousen ; from masterpieces also by Wilkie,
Crowley and Gainsborough. Firstly, there is the famous
" Rent Day," as familiar to us all as any piece of Ho-
garth; secondly, there is " Cup Tossing, an admirable
combination of expression, form, and humour ; thirdly,
there is " The Cottage Door," embossomed in an um
brageous greenery of leaves even in black-and-white.
The sketch illustrative of the second plate, written by
Mrs. S. C. Hall, is a charming delineation of Irish life,
worthy of that popular authoress, in whose wisdom we
always recognise the deep pulsations of her heart. The
works, which is dedicated to H. R. IL Albert Edward,
Prince of Wales, is a splendid specimen of the pictorial
art. It is an honour to all engaged in its production: in
its way, it is an achievement.

HEATH'S GALLERY OF BRITISH ENGRAV

INGS. Parts VIII. and IX.
This beautiful series evinces the same brilliancy as
heretofore ; portrait, landscape, and domestic scene,
each is excellent in its way as a production of art, and as
an imitation of nature, the highest aim of art. An
agreeable sensation of coolness pervades us on looking
at the representation of the " Fountains at Versailles,"
a sensation by-the-way doubly agreeable in the sultry
atmosphere of June. And who will not enjoy that
sparkling product of Mr. Redgrave's easle, " Waking
Dreams 2" Beholding the broken eggs upon the cottage
floor, one cannot for a moment mistake that their owner
has " counted her chickens before they were hatched ;"
and looking into her expressive eyes, one can nearly
fathom the emotions of her dream. Mr. Heath proves
for the hundredth time his taste in selection.

THE PATRICIAN.
This number of the Patrician fully maintains its
character, as the authority upon all matters connected
with archeology, heraldry, and genealogy—these form
the staple, but not the exclusive contents of this Maga-
aine, for we have in addition an excellent critique on
the various exhibitions of paintings in 1846, and a good
article on the Italian Opera.

THE HEROINES OF SHAKSPERE, Part 11.
Every enthusiastic worshipper of our Titan poet has,
as a matter of course, already possessed himself of Mrs.
Jameson's inimitable work upon " The Female Cha-
racters of Shakspere ;" and, as a matter of course, he
will immediately obtain the scarcely less inimitable en-
gravings under notice. If he be a sensible man he will.
And this seriously. Never has mortal analysed the
idiocyncrasy of the female heart—that metaphysical and
psychological problem—except " our glorious Willy,"
as he is styled by Spenser. That he has done this we
all feel ; and a female has declared the success with
which the task has been accomplished—a sensible fe-
male too, namely Mrs. Jameson. We should possibly be
tempted to dilate upon the galaxy of creations
coming under the title of the " Heroines
of Shakspere "—Miranda, Cordelia, Desdemona,
Olivia, and the like—but that we might raise
the goblin of Malone by our audacity. To the
" Heroines," therefore, simply as representations of
" the human face divine." Imogene is the most success-
fully conceived in the part before us ; the delicious
countenance pencilled by the artist is almost worthy of
the original, and that is no feeble praise. The hand and
arm, however, are actual deformities, and distract the
eye by their glaring unnaturalness. Ophelia, though
delicate withal, is too immobile in expression ; and
Audrey, though pretty, wants individuality. One ex-
ception have we to make with the title-page, namely,
the orthography of the poet's name. Charles Knight
has long since settled the ashes of Dryasdust in his
grave as regards the true spelling ; he adopts the one
found 'in all the signatures still extant in the hand-
writing of the bard, namely—Shakspere.