The Sun.
London, England, 1848-12-01 00:00:00

FRIDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 1, 18484:

influence in the scale against the efforts of the Roman
people. But look at the conduct of the French Go-
vernment in this matter, The moment intelligence ar-
rives of the rising of the people of Rome it sends forth
its expedition to Civita Vecchia, thereby aiding the
views of Austria, and rivetting the thraldrom in which
that power holds the north of Italy. Bat when Blum
was murdered, what mark of sympathy proceeded from
France? Did the Eepublic protest against that act?—
(Murmurs.) Was there a single art, a single word on
its part against such conduct towards one of the firmest
defenders of popular feeling? No; when the friend of
the people perished, the French Government was silent;
but when differences arose between the temporal
Prince—for such, I maintain, the Pope must be consi•
dered in this case—and his people, at once it sends out
aid to the former against the latter. It sent out, for-
sooth, 35,000 men! What folly! Do you not consider
that you have exposed those soldiers to danger? Do
you suppose that they are safe when placed in the face
of Austria and her forces, should France not act as she
pleases? I declare that, looking at the circumstances
of the case, these men are exposed to an absolute
butchery.—(Loud laughter.) But there is another point
of a very important nature, to which I desire to call the
attention of the Assembly. Has the head of the Execu-
tive a right to thus send forth troops without consulting
the Assembly? Cad he thus engage the country on his
own responsibility? Ido not think so. When, indeed,
the Monarchy was here, the Ministry was accustomed to
act as it deemed proper, and then came to the Chamber
to render an account of its acts, and demand approbation.
But we are now under a Republic, and the same
cavalier mode of acting cannot be permitted. By
the constitution edich has just been passed, the Pre-
sident of the Republic is not allowed to declare war
without the sanction of the National Assembly, or to
command in person the armies of the country. In the
United States of America, such also is the rule. Well,
then, is not the President of the Council at present in
the place of the President of the Republic? Ought he
not to follow the same rules? Ought he thus to send
out troops without consulting the Assembly? I proclaim
such conduct illegal—l protest against it—and I call on
you not to allow the spirit of the constitution to be vio-
lated within a month of its promulgation.—(Some ap-
probation, though only of a slight character, from the
extreme Lett.)
M. de Montalembert—l ascend the tribune to place
this question on grounds altogether different from those
chosen by M. Ledru Rollin. I thank the Government
for what it has done in this business; not in my own
name merely, but in that of the hundreds of thousands
of persons who are so deeply interested in the safety of
the Pope. I deny that this question is to be resolved
at Milan, as has just been stated. I maintain that it is
at Rome only. I have not here to enter into a consi-
deration of Marshal Radetsky's conduct in Lombardy,
for that is not what we now are discussing. The
matter before us is the position of his Holiness the Pope;
and I deny that it is as a temporal Prince that we must
regard him, but as the spiritual head of the Church. The
question is not merely an Italian one, not merely a Eu-
ropean one—it concerns the whole of those believers
who have faith in their religious convictions, and regards
the safety of the Pope as important for the dignity of
religion. And in thus restricting the question to the
spiritual character of the Pope, I entertain no fear of
lowering the question; on the contrary, I elevate it to
the highest point to which it can aspire—l make it a
Catholic one .—(Hear, bear.) I affirm that it is a great
honour for the French Republic to thus take the initi-
ative in declaring its determination to take measures for
the safety of the Sovereign Pontiff's personal safety.—
(Hear, hear.) Here was a case where a few old soldiers
defended a harmless most excellent man; it was not as
at Berlin or Vienna, where large bodies of troops were
collected round the respective monarchs; it was an
irreproachable, a most innocent old man, who had in
all cases gone beyond what he had promised
His whole political life may be summed up in these
two words, amnesty and reform. I maintain that he
must be looked on as a religious chief only, since his
power as a sovereign wee absolutely nothing. But look-
ing at the insurrection at Dome in a general point of
view, I declare I know of no more determined insult to
offer to the French Republic than to impose on it, as a
matter of necessity, the task of aiding every insurrection,
no matter on what grosnd undertaken.—(Hear.) The
Hon. Gentleman went on expressing his approbation of
the conduct of the French Government in this case, and
expressed an opinion that the whole of Christendom
would be of thew same cpinion. Ile thn paid what he
called a solemn homage to Count Rossi's character, that
gentleman, he said, having been his antagonist during
his political life.—(Loud cheers.)
M. Quinet expressed his dissatisfaction of the conduct
of the Government.
M. J. Fevre made a sharp attack on the Government
declaring that they had acted illegally, and that their
conduct was equivalent to a declaration of war,
M. Dufaure, the Minister of the Interior—The Go-
vernment will be always trendy to reply to all questions
that may be brought forward relative to its conduct
with respect to the Earopean powers ; but at present,
as the situation of Lombardy is not intimately connected
with the present matter, I shall take the liberty of plac-
ing aside the situation of that country, and particularly
because the President of the Council, a few days back,
has spoken to the Assembly on the question. I cannot
by any means allow that we ought, from the tenor of
the first dispatch of M. d'Harcourt, to have foreseen that
Rome was to remain perfectly tranquil. I will read
these documents to the Assembly. [The Honourable
Gentleman did so. and on coming to the part which
speaks of the Assembly at Rome remaining tranquilly
sitting, without any allusion being made to the
murder, groans burst forth from the French National
Assembly.] Far, said the Honourable Gentle-
man, from our looking on the murder of M. Rossi
as an indication of peace and tranquillity, we con-
sidered it as likely to lead to still worse barbarities.—
(Hear, hear.) It was when we heard that the Pope
was a prisoner, when his principal adviser was mur-
dered, when cannon were pointed at his palace, that we
determined to send out troops to his aid—(Hear, hear)—
and we conceived that we were justified in doing so.—
(Cheers.) But we are told that the President of the
Council had not the right thus to send troops without
consulting the Assembly. In other words the question
is this—Was our sending troops to Civita Vecchia a de-
claration of war ?—(Cries of " Yes, yes; that's it.")
Let us look at the instructions given to our Envoy Ex-
traordinary, by, which he is to govern his conduct.—
(The Hon. Minister here read the instructions.) He
dwelt particularly on the part in which it is declared that
M. de Corcelles was to pay attention to one point only—
namely, the safety of the Pope, and by no means on any
account to meddle in the political affairs of the country.
In addition (pursued the Hon. Minister) to what I have
just read, M. de Corcelles is to receive his further direct
tions from the National Assembly. The only matter which
is to occupy the attention of M. de Corcelles is to look
to the safety of the Pope; and I ask you what you would
have said had we delayed so long that the expedition
would have been too late I—(Hear, hear.) Would any
reproaches have been severe enough for what would have
been called our neglect—our inattention to the personal
safety of the Sovereign Pontiff ?—(Cheers.) This, be
it remembered, is not a question at the present moment
merely—this is a question of principle, which we have
ao right, as a Government, to slight or reject. Besides,
be it borne in mind, that the Assembly could revoke the
order which we had given.—(This assertion was received
with loud marks of disapprobation.)
Voices—How was that possible when the order was
dispatched by telegraph ?
The Minister of the Interior—Yes, but the question
was brought before the Assembly on the Tuesday, and
the order was only dispatched on the Monday. There
was nothing to prevent the Assembly to issue its injunc-
tions on that day, and if they did not coincide with our
views, there was full time to stop the expedition.—(Loud
disapprobation.)
The Marquis de Larochejaquelein.—Where is the ex-
pedition now ?
The Minister of the Interior—We do not know ; we
cannot say whether the expedition has yet taken its de-
parture or not.—(Agitation). We had a right to act
without a moment's delay, and that is what we have
effected ? But how far ought w to go may be asked ?
—(Yes, yes). We declare that it is the National As-
sembly that must deoide that point.---(Hear, hear.)
We only wish to protect the car as his personal
safety is concerned. We do not intend in any manna! se
interfere between that Sovereign and his people. He
may or he may not grant them a constitution ;
that is his and their affair, and does not concern us. We
only want to provide for his personal safety. As to our
giving to Austria an opportunity of interfering in this
matter, I cannot see that we do so ; but even were that
the case, we ought not to have been prevented
from acting. What, do you suppose that the Pope
would not find an asylum at Milan or at Vienna, as well
as on the French territory? Beyond a doubt he would,
and most gladly; and what would be said of the French
Government—the Government of the Republic, had she
permitted these cities to have taken the advance of it?
—(Loud cheers.) One word more. When we had to
consider the Bill relative to the election of the Presi-
dent, we foresaw that a difficulty must arise from some
foreign incident between that period and the moment of
the election. We, however, determined not to be ar-
rested by that consideration, but to present the Bill, in-
different to what might arrive, being fully determined to
do our duty .—(Cheers.) This we conceive we have
done in the matter now spoken of, and we refer our
conduct with confidence to the appreciation of the As-
sembly .—(Loud cheers.)
M. J. Fevre again addressed the Assembly, declaring
that the conduct of the Government was highly dan-
gerous. He demanded explanations as to the time when
the departure of the troops was ordered.
General Cavaignac, President of the Council, ascended
the tribune to reply,—[Left sitting.]
Since the above was written we have received in-
telligence of the result of the discussion in the As-
sembly on the expedition to Civita Vecchia.
After General ClvAroNae had been heard in de-
fence of the Government measure, several resolutions
were proposed, but the Assembly gave priority to the
following :—" The Assembly, approving of the mea-
sure of precaution taken by the Government for
assuring the personal liberty of the Porn, and re
serving its ultimate decision till all the facts are fully
known, passes to tie order of the day." Upon this
the Assembly divichd.
Votes

543
272
480
63

Majority ..
For ..

Against .. • •
BOURSE.—PARIS, Nov. 30.
THREE O'CLOCK.-•-The Beiges and Railway Shares
were firm to-day, with a slight tendency to a rise. The
business done was very limited, all persons being en-
gaged in the settlement of their monthly accounts. The
Primes for the monti were in most cases abandoned. For
the Account, the F!eneb. Three per Cents, have risen
10e. ; Five per Cent. have risen 30c. ; and the Loan,
30c. For Money, tie Three per Cents. heave mounted

10c.; Five per Cents. 50c. ; and on the Loan, 35c.; Bons
du Tr6sor not quoted ; Bank of France Shares have
risen 25f. 50c. ; Belgian Bank Shares not quoted ; Five
per Cents. have fallen s per cent. ; Spanish Funds not
quoted ; Roman has risen 1 per cent. ; Rothschild's
Receipts not quoted. Exchange on London (30 days),
25 42k; ditto (90 days), 25 35.
BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK-EXCHANGE, Nov. 30.
Boulogne and Amiens, 5%—Luxembourg (1M), 15X3.

SPAIN.
Madrid journals of the 24th have arrived.
Ten battalions of Infantry, besides cavalry and
artillery, have been dispatched to Catalonia.
It was reported that the ex Carlist Chief, BEP DEL
OLI, who after his passing over to the Government
side had been sent off towards Seo d'Urgel in com-
mand of the 11th battalion of Light Infantry, had
met with some serious mishap. Colonel BOVILLE,
who was at Cervera, left that place suddenly in the di-
rectioa of Seo d'Urgel, on the 18th, with two bat-
talions of the Princesa Regiment.
A Carlist band has appeared in the neighbourhood
of Zamora, and a Carlist conspiracy has been disco-
vered at Talladolid. _ _

There was a grand ball at the palace on the 22d,
at which neither CHRISTINA, nor her husband, nor
NAIVAEZ were present. The Marquis of BEDMAR,
it is said, was present, and danced with the QUaEN.
MADRID BOLSA, Nov. 24.—The Three per Cents.,
101 to 9-16 ; Five per Cents., 9i to ; Coupons, si;
Passive Debt, 31 to 1. Exchange on London, 48 35.

ITALY.

ROME.

Intellig,r.ce has been received from Rome of the I
21st. On that day a motion was made in the Chamber
of Deputies for an address of fidelity to the POPE,
which was rejected.
It is said that an attempt was made at Bologna, on
the 18th, to assassinate General Zucca'.
The Sardinian fleet has arrived at Ancona.
On the 22d there was a popular assemblage at
Florence, to protest against the election of unpopular
deputies. The crowd, being excited, entered the
churches in which the electoral colleges were sitting,
and then sent a deputation to the Ministry, demanding
the suspension of the elections, an electoral reform based
on universal suffrage, and the prosecution of the ex-
Ministers. An evasive answer was given, and it was
hoped the excitement had ceased; but subsequently
the populace went to the houses of some of the ex-
deputies, shouting that they should not be re-elected,
and broke their windows.
On the 23d the Ministry published the following
proclamation :
"Citizens—The Government desires that the people
shall set forth their desires in a calm manner. Justice
will prosecute the individuals accused of having taken
part in the disturbances of yesterday. The application
of the laws will suffice to put down the violence of some
men. If new disturbances should break out, the Minis-
try, rather than cause a struggle incompatible with the
confidence it has obtained, will resign."