The Sun.
London, England, 1848-08-05 00:00:00

her avowed disinclination to plunge bodily into the I
struggle between RADETZKY and his royal antagonist.
There is, on the contrary, a far-seeing generosity to-
wards the population of Lombardy, Sardinia, and
indeed of the whole of that classic peninsula in the
determination announced to Europe in the recent de-
cition of General CAVAIGNAC and his republican col-
leagues. Supposing France were at this moment to
respond to the call of the Milanese, suppos-
ing General OUDINOT were to lead his men
into the plains of Lumellina, and that
the soldiers of France were to place themselves at the
disposal of Sardinia, what would be the certain con.
sequence P Putting on one side the disasters which
would certainly ensue in Germany, and, in all human
likelihood, in France herself, there would follow
all those miseries, doubts, heartburnings, and dis-
appointments, which are inseparable from the distri-
bution and interlineation of territorial boundaries.
As a reasonable compensation to her for the might of
her assistance, ;And also as an acknowledgment for
her acquiescence in the union of Lombardy to Sar
dinia, the French Republic would for a dead certainty
absorb into her own dominions the contiguous
mountains of Savoy. To say nothing of the
quarrels which would ensue, the axe would assuredly
by this means be laid to the very root of Italian
nationality. If only on this account, therefore, it is
earnestly to be hoped by France, by Italy, by Aus-
tria, nay, by the whole of Europe, that the policy of
LAMARTINE, continued by CAVAIGNAC, will be per-
sisted in at all hazards by the councils of the French
Republic.
In the event of the continuance of success to RA-
DETZYY, it is by no means improbable that the Diet
of Vienna will anticipate the combined mediation of
France and England by the proffer of a pacification on a
novel basis. Events have long proved to Austria that
the time of her dominion has long since expired in
Germany, and those events have also demonstrated to
her the suppressed animosity and growing ambition of
the King of SARDINIA—an animosity and an ambition
which have been revealed in striking characters by
his daring efforts during the spring and summer of
1848 to bind his brows with the iron crown of
NAPOLEON and CHARLEMAGNE. These facts have
prepared the Government of Vienna, first to yield the
kingdom of Lombardy to the Italians, and secondly
to curb as much as possible the power of CARLO AL
-
BERM. It is evident, therefore, that the two prin-
cipal objects of that Government will be to retain the
Venetian territories as an appenage of the House of
Hapsburg, and so to resign the sway of Lombardy
as that instead of adding to the power of Sardinia it
shall tend to counterbalance the influence of its am-
bitious Monarch. To do this there remains but one
alternative—either to permit of the establishment of
an independent Republic at Milan, which the Imperial
Councils of Vienna would never dream of doing; or
to consent to the amalgamation of the Lombards and
the Tuscans under the command of the popular
Archduke LEOPOLD, with the title of King, say, for
example, King of Northern Italy, which by that means
he would virtually and actually become. The latter
conjecture seems to us to be by no means
chimerical ; for by such an arrangement
the interests of so many would be con-
sulted. LEOPOLD, indeed, would be about the most
probable choice of Austria, in the event of Austria
being obliged by circumstances to choose a ruler for
Lombardy among the sovereign Princes of Italy. For
besides being of German origin, the ARCHDUKE has
the advantage of being heart and soul an Italian.
His dynastic associations would gratify the vanity of
Germany, while his liberality and patriotism would
secure the confidence of Italy. Beyond all which,
the Monarch of Sardinia would by such an arrange-
ment be effectively crippled; his policy would not
preponderate over the counsels of the Italian League ;
and he would be prevented from gratifying
his spleen against Austria, and from developing
his ambition southwards. Supposing such a scheme
were adopted as the fundamental basis of a treaty
of peace, the dominions of LEOPOLD would not only
embrace Lombardy and Tuscany, but would also, by
an inevitable necessity, include the minor principa-
lities of Parma, Guastalla, and Modena. The boun-
dary line between Austrian Venice and Tuscan
Lombardy being of course the line of the river
Mincio, running southwards from the Lake of Garda
to its confluence with the Po. In such a scheme as
the one we have here explained, and in such a scheme
alone can we see the prospect of a happy settle-
ment to those difficulties which have so long desolated
Lombardy. A stipulation of this character would
mitigate, in some measure, the misery of Austria in
the inevitable loss of her Italian territories; it would
disappoint the selfish and dangerous hopes of CARLO
ALBERTO, by counterbalancing his power, and dimi-
nishing his means of vengeance; above all,
.it would
fulfil the aspirations of the peninsula, and lead to the
re-establishment and consolidation of its nationality.
Meanwhile, Venice would have to afford an instance
of sublime magnanimity by awaiting with majestic
confidence the fulfilment of its destiny.

SPAIN.

Madrid papers of the 30th ult. have arrived.

The Duke of SOTOMAYOR has been appointed
Ambassador to the French Republic. PIDAL will be
the new Foreign Minister. There was no Bolsa on
the 80th.

THE FRENCH REPUBLIC.

We have received the Paris papers of yesterday.

The Journal des Debats has the following on the
subject of the mission of M. Rica from King
CHARLES ALBERT to the French Republic :
" M. Albert Ricci, ancient ambassador from Sardinia
to Austria, and Minister of Finance in the last Piedmon-
tese Cabinet, has arrived in Paris, charged with a spe-
cial mission for the French Government. He has already
been received by General Cavaignac, President of the
Council, and by M. Bastide, Minister for Foreign Affairs.
Rumours of all kinds have been fiying.about on the ob-
ject of this mission confided by the Government of the'
King Charles Albert to M. Ricci. If our information be
correct, M. Ricci is not come to demand the intervention
of a French army, but the co-operation simply of some
officers of the Etat Major, with supplies of munitions
of war. Above all, fora battering train to replace that
which has been lost in the combats fought on the
Mincio."

In the sitting of the National Assembly, on Thurs-
day, M. BAUCHART presented the following report
from the Committee of Inquiry into the affairs of
' May and June :
" You have confided to us the important charge of
examining the causes of the events of May and June,
and the connexion existing between those attempts. We
hate sought the intention of the Assembly in the decree
by which we were instituted.—(M. Bauchart hero cited
the terms of the decree constituting the Committee of
Inquiry.) Thus, continued M. Bauchart, you have
decided that the inquiry should be public, and that
it should not be judicial ; accordingly, in. your omnipo-
tence, you have had respect to the division of remi-
niscences. We have surrounded ourselves with the
illumination of magistrates ; but we have been stopped
at the moment when we were about to enter upon the
domain of justice. The relation between the two
fatal s
),
and June- we have sought for,
as
you directed,
of Mayrected,inorder to assign to each the part
which is his due. We have not withdrawn before any-
thing, and we have this consolation to reflect upon, that
our authority has been implicitly obeyed, and that each
has lent to the work the most ready concurrence. All
have submitted before our power. Nevertheless, a mt..
tain number of witnesses have not completed their de-
positions, and otherwise have preserved the anonymous.
Such is the terror which impresses the factious.—(l4:x-
-citement.) But before the courage of the Assembly,
before the immunity of our work, justice and truth
have regained their rights, and the factious-have not
only lowered the head, but have even submitted. I
ought here at once to characterise the two attempts. In,
the first revolution each catastrophe had its explication
in events internal and external, in the doctrines spread
in a society under the impression of strange influences.
But here there were neither causes tier pretexts, and the
history of the world does not present a parallel ex-
ample. The National Assembly was awaited with great
and just impatience, being the consequences of the
sovereignty of the people driven to its last.resources.
The National Assembly, on the first day of its meet-
ing proclaimed a republic, and thinking but of its past
services, declared that the Provisional Government had
deserved the thanks of the. country. Wishing to pro-
mote nothing but sentiments of conciliation, the Na-
tional Assembly still retained the principal members of
the Provisional Government in the new Executive
who for
Power ; and, after its first operations, and while stand-
ilia alone, the Assembly, invested with the full
proceededpeople.confi-
by
the discontented,
work ; but found
three hours surrounded the Assembly. Wishing not to
depart from its moderation, the Assembly ordered no in-
quiryde itselfn ce
place into the cause of these disturbances;
and, later, when t
to take h
instantly then tlyattacked
e most democratic constitution was
preparing, when measures for the general good were
being taken in the different committees—in the bu-
reaux, to ameliorate the condition of the workmen,
and to prevent, by the closing of
the national
workshops,
that misery might not remain without assistance-,-
then, by an insurrection prepared for some length