The Sun.
London, England, 1848-09-26 00:00:00

Ceyloi

T v. ROYAL P OLYTECIINIC
INSTITUTION, REGENT-STREET.
The Cause of the Fatal Expiation in Albany-street explained and
illustrated by Experiments, in a Lecture by Dr. Ryanhen White, on Gas ,
Es Mak-
ing, in which the new Patent Gas Apparatus of Stepq.,
is exhibited daily at Half-past Three o'clock,nd in the Eve-
nings ot Monday, Wednesday, and Friday.— A Lecture on the His-
tory, Uses, and Manufacture of Gutta Percha, by Dr. Bachhoffner
daily, %gm o'clock, arid in the Evenings of Tuesday, Thursday, and
Saturday.—The various Optical Effects.—Diver and Diving.bell.—
Working Models explained. A Novelty in Optics is preparing for
:Michaelmas.
Open daily from Eleven to Five , and in the Evenings (including
Saturday) from Seven till Half-past Ten.
Admission, le.—Schools, iialf-price.--The Now Catalogue, Is.

QTERILITY.—Whatever is unproductive is with-
out intrinsic value. Man and his Maker alike condemn that
which " yields no fruit," and we Ilnd large tracts of land abandoned
for the same reason thit caused the barren fig tree to be cursed.
This curse clings to Sterility in every shape ; It brings upon the earth
famine. But the malediction breathes loudest and deepest into the
ear of those of the human I c e who remain childless is a community
which must altogether fail, without continual additions. Not only
do such encounter the silent scorn or pity of their fellow --creatures,
but their own hearts condemn them ; wealth brings no consolation
to the wifeless bosom—brings no return for the childless home.
It is a remarkable fact that the unproductiveness of soil and
species arises from similarity of cause. Some lands are
the produce of vitiated strata that yields an offspring as
minerals, which form the foe to vegetation. Others again lose value
by being too early worked, before they are fit for cultivation, Some
soils, originally fertile, become barren by excess of tillage; others
are spoiled by unwholesome manures ; and others, again, by the
want of perseverance and nerve In the husbandman. Mark the ana-
logy ! Man also is too often vitiated by the parent from whom ho
springs. Man is too often ruined by the indiscriminate use of mine-
rals, such as mercury, &c. Man also tries his constitution too early,
and overtasks it too late. Man, by unwholesome contact can also in-
fect his frame ; and, to render the comparison complete, man can
render a naturally vital constitution unproductive through ignorance
of his organization and diffidence in his powers. Nor does the analogy
cease here. The detriments to cultivation above detailed have been
recently so entirely overcome by modern improvement iruture, that farmers are now enabled to produce crops almost from
m
stone itself; and, in like manner,,
Sterility in the hman race is now
removable through the profound, disco
is,a veries in physic
has which enlighbeen
ten
the present age. In testimony of th volume recently
produced which fills the heart with hope and is calculated to( remove
Sterility altogether. It is from the pen of Messrs. S
AND CO., Consulting Surgeons, 7, Frith-street, Solio-square,
TA)lirAceNt
OI
nOso Df
0:r Tihtes
re Causesrfect of
its
Lporenindoant,,iraemillebcelainrse, t,lyieitutitlienaoifs"
L storation ;" and is sent by W. ST RANGE, bookseller, 21, Pater-
esencv,eirloepfer,omby
nibn,letriavl,uoi.rnto
Pater-
noster-vow, er-r ow
address,
, Lon, d2osn. , sitn-pa as
tsacma Ipesd,
an

lt E. Li 1 A (a E.
,A One halt the wend are desolately single, and the ether
sUsegsp,,OSionfgrilghhetlll Or a
contented.scp.l
cuiDaitfielid ehnocree,‘
mi.
sitter the latter. The solitary one may shield himself under the plea
dmetearrntrieirdie, qtulteestfio°rlnaVrY,
of caution and worldly prudence, and the indissoluble, regret un-
comprosieg harry ; but tke truth lies deeper. rhpical incapacity,
and broken health, are the great hindrances to domestic happiness
uul social content. The dowry should net be the only marriage set-
llement. Honour and justice deremeel that health should form au
in the compact ; it alone dignifies the alliance. Blighted hopes or
neglect wound more sorely than poverty or misfortune. Reader, if
these surmises concern yea, procure Dr. CULVEIItWELL'S little
M EMOIRS 'Oa Single and Married Life, " pub. in 2 vols., Is.
each (by pest, in stamps, Is. 6d. each). Let no imagiaatiyely
refined, or prudish feeling deter you, by their titles, nor be hiedered
sy misinterpretation of their sepposed contents, from obtaining
them. They are not intended certainly for mere idle curiosity, but
for the closet perusal of those more deeply interested, to whom
they are offered as antagonistic to the empyrical trash put forth on
the above subjects, by unqualified authors, which alone or
together, are a disgrace to the age. Furthermore, two other
little publications claim your attention (same price Is. each,
by post Is. Gd.) called " What to Eat, Drink, and
Avoid," and " How to be Itappy." They aro not merely
pamphlets, but equal in quantity a library volume, nor are they the
mere ephemeral scribblings of the hour, brit the study of the author's
life, who owes his present existence, health, and position to this ob-
servance of the maxims ho would Inculcate—to do unto others as he
would be done unto—to live atter nature's laws—and to keep always
on the "sunny side of the way." The above works may be had of
Sherwood. 23, Paternoster-sew ; Cal van., 147, Flea -ntroct ; Mann,
39, Cornhill; Nelson, 07, West Strand ; or direct (by post or other-
wise) front the anther (who may be conferred with personally,
msrnings and evenings). 10, Argyll-plaee Regent-street; and all
aooksenere. - - i

____-__,...___
LON E is the leading feeling of the human
breast. More exalted than mere passion, it soars high above
every other impulse of nature, and is not cnly stronger than avarice,
but more engrossing even than ambit n.
No man is exempt from
its influence, or can avoid its sway business, pleasure, philo-
sophy, and divinity itself become neglected under the enthralling
power of LOVE, which, unlike most things, increases in intensity
with time, until it receives the sacred consummation of marriage.
When union does not take place, however, this passion, this
fervour, this golden tide of the manliest feelings becomes a deadly
poison in the heart, which now darkens, as it before bright-
ened,y all things upon earth. How is it that men, of most un-
changeable habits, will change at the very altar, and after a life-
time spent in the fulfilment of every engagement, snap the very con-
tract asunder which should be most binding to an honourable mind?
It is the effect of conscience. The Lover, by enervation of early
habits, or the results of secret disease, knows himself to be
disqualified, and dares not enter a state which has bean
instituted by Divine Law for the fulfilment of important
oovtg
most misers nn t
ends. The wretched condition of such a beingbel must
oved, subsequently
he
be
ntl' n in
ile objectsof his choice, and upon
beyond ul e asbuireed
idseapplpoorianbtine,
et
lattributes would change the s . , .
cene and yield to both a life of
natura a
himself a desolation the most horrible, when the simple possession of ,
unalloyed happiness. The subject is interesting, and deserves the
i tl little
iformation nle work entitled
fullest and most satisfactory li
R V A T 1 0 N,
attention of all. Those desirous of investigating It will find the
SELF -PRESE
with ob
organs • practical serva-
and diseases of the reproductive ,
youth and maturity, resulting from
illustrated by forty coloured engravings on the anatomy, physiology,
tions on the secret infirmities of
solitary habits, excesses, o: infection.,
rs_, _
T, m
.1) ,
By SAMUEL LA lER
b .r of the University of
Doctor of Medicine, Matriculated
Member of the London Hospital Medical Society, It :.
Edinburgh, Licentiate of ApothecalSrileer' cgall, London, Honorary
the author Navin,ob-
' much neglected branch of medical practice, and
for his w"of
This treatise is the result of a long course of study in a peculiar and
tained the highest medical honours, is a guarantee
: atonal experience, which has reference almost solely to the
treat-
ment of these diseases.
REVIEW OF TIIE woatt.
La'Mert on the Infirmities of Youth and Maturity.—" There
but
are
scenes In the drama of life which are acted with no spectator
Conscience ; and of these the result is ever disastrous. Happy the
mortal who meets with a timely mentor to snatch him from the gulf
into which such scenes must plunge him I In the book before as
such a monitor is to be found, calculated to warn and instruct the
erring, without impairing one idea that can vitiate a mind not al-
ready tutored by the vices of which it treats. It is written ill a style
of Masterly precision and lucidity, blending the profoundest truths of
philosophy and physics with the loftiest precepts of morality. It is a
production calculated to confer a vital benefit, physically and morally,
upon all who are tempted from the"rigid path of abstemiousness and
propriety. A father may trust it in the hands of his boy. By un
taught innocence the book is not, of course, needed ; but wherever
laxity lies prevailed, the tender yet awful voice breathing in these
pages is likely to prove as strikingly beneficial as the admonitions of
a honally blended with the practical advice of a writer on medicine."
—United Kingdom Magazine.
The work may be had price 25. 6d., of Kent and Richards, 52,
Paternoster-row; Hannay, 63, Oxford-street ; Starie, Tlchbornes.
street, Ilaymarket ; Gordon, 146, Leadenhall-street ; Mansell, 115,
Fleet-street ; or, free by post, for forty-two stamps, from the author's
residence, who may be consulte.d on these disorders personally, or
by letter, daily, from Ten to Two, or from Five to Eight.
37,3EDFORD-SQU.A.ItL,,,LOITDON.

D the
&KIN'S ROYAL PATENT COFFEE.
Oa introducing this extraordinary and highly important in-
vention, it will be necessary, in the first instance, to point out
evils and imperfections arising from all other principles a roasting
and preparing Coffee at present in use.
Coffee is almost universally roasted in an iron cylinder, which is
turned by hand or steam power over a coke fire. The Coffee is let
in and out of the cylinder by means of a slide, which is the whole
length of the cylinder, and which it is next to impossible to render
perfectly air-tight ; the consequence of this defect is, that the sul-
phurous and noxious fumes of the coke penetrate into the cylinder
and mingle with the Coffee. We will su7pose, however, the cylinder
containing the Coffee to be placed over the fire, which is then co-
vered in, cylinder and all, and the process of roasting to be commenc-
ing. The first evidence of this fact is the vegetable vapour which is
given off by the Coffee, and which vapour is more or le.ss
the impregnated
form
with gallic and maUic acids, which acids, acting upon
gallates and malates With that metal. The heat continues, the -va-
pour is condensed, and forms a most noxious fluid, which Is mingling
wills the Coffee, and by the Increasing heat is again vaperised, and
is assisted in its destroying work by one of the most powerful acids
known, namely, byCoffeyroligneons acid, which is now beginning to
be given off by the most freely. This vicious acid continues
forming with the iron the acetate thereof, and imparting the same to
the Coffee, which receives, in addition, a sulphurous flavour
the quan -
from the
coke. It should be observed, that se astonishingly great Is
tity of pyroligneous acid formed, that many ounces may be collected
front the roasting a single hundred weight of the berry. The
of the pyroligneous acid upon either iron or copper cylinders is well
known; with the former a compound is formed which, land disnot de-
-
cidedly injurious to health, gives to the berry a meet amid
agreeable flavour; whilst, with the latter, the result is verdigris.
Again, by the usual roasting process, which is nothing more nor
less than a species of destructive distillation, what possible chance
has the aroma of this valuable berry of being properly developed?
Supposing for one moment that it were properly developed, it is we'd
known to be exceedingly volatile, and would quiekly escape through
the crevices in the slide of thecylinder ; whilst the vegetable vapour,
acids exceedingly sluggish, and containing the vicious and noxious
acis, would remain behind, giving to the Coffee that cankerous,
acrid, and, metallic taste, that renders the infusions of this otherwise
most veluable and wholesome berry a beverage avoided by the deli-
cate, and highly injurious to the health of many who consume
tit.
all
For guarding against all these evils, and for doing away wih
those long-complained-of imperfections, her Most Gracious Majesty
has been pleased to grant to Dakin and Company her Royal Letters
Patent. -
The plan maVieh " Dakin's Royal-Patent-Coffees' fa-roasted-and
prepared is as Bows :—The iron cylinder is altogether done away
with, and the COffee is never, under any circumstance, allowed to
come in contact with iron. A SILVER cylinder is substituted, and
the heat is obtained by means of the atmospheric air passed over hot
plates, by which plan, as neither the fire, nor the fumes thereof, are
an any way allowed to be in contact with the cylinder, the evils
arising from the sulphurous vapours of the coke mixing with the
Coffee are entirely avoided The SILVER cylinder is so constructed
that, throughltpertures made for the purpose, the vegetable vapour
which contains the vicious acids from the Coffee, is allowed to es-
cape, whilst the apertures, being closeable at pleasure, are imme-
diately closed as soon as this, the first part of the process of roasting,
Is accomplished. The SILVER cylinder then becomes air tight, and
th, aroma, which otherwise would escape, is condensed on the berry,
which thereby contains all its valued and inherent excellence. The
Coffee, after being sufficiently roasted in a SILVER cylinder, and
after being cooled down Ines SILVER cooler, is ready for purchasers
who buy their Coffee whole ; whilit the Coffee that is supplied
ground, is pulverised between powerful stones, and for better
preservation from the atmosphere, is recommended to purchasers
packed in glass bottle., containing two pounds each, which are
corked down air-tight, and sealed with the Royal Arms.
DAKIN and CO. will have great pleasure in showing many testi-
monials which they have received from the moat eminent physans,
surgeons, and gentlemen of the faculty, as to the beneficial effects
and advantages of " Dakin's Royal Patent Coffee." The following
certificate of Mr. Alfred S. Taylor and Mr. Arthur Aikin, the great
authorities on chemistry, medical jurisprudence, ;and the sanitary
question, will, however, no doubt he deemed conclusive :
" We hereby certify that we have chemically examined four
" varieties of °Me—namely, best Mocha, Jamaica, Very Fine and
" Good Plantation (Ceylon) Coffee, both in the raw state and its
" prepared and roasted by the patent process of Messrs. Dakin. We
" have likewise chemically examined samples of the same varieties
". of Coffee roasted at the same time ;in the usual way, and the result
" of this examination is that in delicacy of flavour, odour, and as an
" article of diet, the Coffee prepared by Messrs. Dakin's process is, in
" our judgment, superior to that prepared in the ordinary way.
"We have also examined the apparatus used by Messrs. Dakin
" for roasting Coffee, and we find that all the surfaces with which
" the Coffee comes in contact during this process are of silver. We
" find also that great care is taken se to regulate the degree of heat
" and the mode of its application as to render necessary a longer
" time and lower temperature to effect the roasting, whereby all
l
" risk of charring the berry or of producing empyreumatic oil
" prevented, the separation of acid vapour is more gradual and corn-
" pletc, and a larger portion of aroma is retained than occurs in the
" usual methods of coffee roasting.
" The of Messrs. Dakin appears to us, therefore, in a
" chemicalprocess view, better adapted than any yet suggested for procuring
" roasted Coffee in a pure and wholesome form.
" ARTHUR AIKIN,
" ALFRED S. TAYLOR, F.R.S.,
" Lecturers on Chemistry in Guy's Hospital.
" Chemical Laboratory, Guy's Hospital, August 9, 1848.
PRICE CURRENT OF '` DAKIN'S ROYAL PATENT COFFEE.'
In addition to the following, Dakin and Co. have the beat Coffees
procurable from Demerara, Dominica, Malabar, Sumatra, Java,
Paden, St. Domingo, Batavia, Havannah, Brazil, Bahia, Cuba,
La Guayra, Porto Rico, &c.
Common Coffoe ••• • • •per lb. Os. 9d. to Os. lid.
...• Good quality ••• • • • „ 1 0 to 1 2
' Fine plantatioa . ..... „ 1 4 to 1 6
Berbice •• • .Fine to finest .. .
Jamaica • ...Good to fine •.• • • • .... „ 0 11 to 1 4
Very fine to finest .. „ 1 6 to 110
Costa Rica .. A strong and good Coffee „ 1 2 to 1 6
Mocha...... Choice old to finest aged „ 1 6 to 1 10
SELECTED SORTS.—WhoIe or G. ound.
.. •• .• •
Common Coffee
Very good and strong • ...... .•• • •
Very strong and full flavoured.. ..... .• • • • ...... „ 1 4
Rich and line flavoured Coffee... .
Particularly choice Coffee.. ...... • • • • • •
which bottles are
•„ 1 8
The above are also supplied in 21b. bottles,
charged 3d. each, and the same is allowed for when returned.
The following sorts are supplied in sealed bottles containing two
pounds each, and no charge is made for the bottles :
Two pelotas of good sound Coffee, in a sealed bottle, 25. 6d.
Two pounds of strong and fine flavoured Coffee, in a
sealed bottle •••••••• • • • • .• • • •.• •••• • • •• • • 35.
Two pounds of very choice and excelleat Coffee, in
a sealed bottle . ... • .. •• • • ••••• • • " " • " •
Two pounds of the finest old raoantain Coffee, mellow
in ripeness and richness of Savour, in a Sealed bottle 4s. Od.
DIKIN and COMPANY, Patentees, NUMBER ONE, St.
PAUL'S CHURCHYARD.
Gentlemen of science and the Public generally are respectfully in-
vited to inspect the machinery and apparatus employed in the
roasting, &c., of Dakin's Royal Patent Coffee, and to view
the the
whole in action, and Coffee constantly roasting, &c., at ware-
houses of Dakin and Co., in Shoemaker-row, within a stone's throw
of" Number One," where an assistant is waiting to accompany
visitors to the warehouses, and to explain the whole of this ROYAL
PATENT PROCESS for roasting aid preparing Coffee. •

35. 61.

MR. HAMMOND, THE COMEDIAN.
We have been requested to copy the following
paragraph which has appeared in the Liverpool
Journal, and, under the circumstances, we have no
doubt our readers will think the appeal worthy of

attention :
" We had, in our last number, to record the melan
choly intelligence, conveyed by the steamer Cambria,
of the premature death, in New York, of Mr. W. J,
Hammond, the comedian; and we have now to men-
tion some particulars attending this event which will,
we have no doubt, greatly add to the regret where-
with the news has generally been received. ors
Hammond, as our readers are aware, left Liverpool
last month, after a weary and profitless series of
managerial campaigns—he, unfortunately, being the
victim in the demonstration of the indisputable de-
cline of the drama' in the provinces—in the hope
that the new field might produce some better fruits;
and that the reputation which, in old days, he won
here, would, on the other side of the Atlantic,
secure him what, in plain terms, he had found
utterly unable to obtain in his own country—a
living. He left behind his wife and family, con-
sisting of seven children, all of whom were
completely dependent upon his success ; and we
grieve to state that Mr. Hammond's decease—the
steamer which should have brought the first money
remittance having conveyed the news of his death—
has left his widow and young family in the most
painful state of poverty. Mr. Hammond had com-
menced his career in the United States brilliantly,
and with that éclat which promised a most profitable
run through the union ; but, in all, he did not appear
more than twice at Niblo's Theatre, New York,
where he opened; and it is needless to say that, so
far as the pecuniary results are concerned, the voyage
across the Atlantic has rather decreased than added to
the funds of the family; The facts, briefly as we were
last week enabled to hint at them, have already called
into action that large body of Mr. Hammond's friends
whom his long residence here, upright private con-
duct, and professional merits, had obtained for him ;
and a subscription has been set on foot to raise,
with all possible dispatch, such a sum of money as
will, in some measure, provide for those helpless
persons now exposed, too early, to the frowns
of fortune. Mr. Hammond was known through
the country as one of the best low-comedy actors of
his day, and as a manager here and in the metropolis
(in London he directed the Strand Theatre, in its
most palmy era, and afterwards for a brief season
Drury-lane) he came into contact with many able
and, we hope, willing at this moment to aid in the
effort for his family. On his death-bed at New York
he received kindness and attention from comparative
strangers, for which the warmest thanks have been
returned, and the American press has generally re-
ferred to the event in terms of the most ready sym-
pathy. We trust that in England the.
.commiseration.
taali .vnlolynhtsihot,
excited will not be less, and that individuals of all
ranks, who have at different times enjoyed Mr. Ham-
mond's rich and racy acting, and have. seen. cause. to,
admit with us that he was a fellow of infinite mirth,'
will not delay co-operating with the Liverpool com-
mittee in their most praiseworthy object. Subscrip-
eefwmtlehaeneaad,re requested to state, will be received at
iol:ficiv theegr gentlemen
no
to e mn
Brunswickee
nw newspaper Icr
h Hotel.aonffi 'Change
offices,
The mayor
by
already,Manrd.
we understand, desired to have their names placed on
;he subscription list."

Five folio columns of particulars connected with the
much-lamented death of Lord George Bentinck, includ-
ing the verdict of the Coroner's Inquest, were given in
the Observer, of Sunday, September 24. The extensive
publication of the Observer commences at six o'clock on
Sunday mornings. Monday's edition, best adapted for
the country and abroad, is published at four o'clock on
Monday afternoons.
TUE BRAZILIAN STEAM-FRIGATE ArroNso.—This
noble vessel, noted for the part taken in saving so many
lives during the destruction of the Ocean Monarch, lelt
this port on Monday afternoon, with dispatches, &c., for
List) ,n and Rio Janeiro. During the night, having got
to the westward of the Skerries, an opening in one of
her cylinders was observed, which compelled her corn-
inander to bear up for Holyhead, where she arrived on '
Tuesday. As the defects in the machinery could not be
repaired at that place she was taken in tow on Saturday
morning by one of the Holyhead mail-steamers, and
brought back to the Mersey at eleven o'clock the same
night. The Aft.)nso will be taken into dock, where the
necessary repairs will at once be proceeded with. Vis-
count de Moncorvo, Portuguese Minister at the British
Court, who had taken is passage
L for Lisbon, was on
—iverpool Albion.
board at the time of the accident.

desire.
Mexico, pending this new feature in her ill-
starred career as an independent state continued
tranquil; and if but the union now again formed
and announced between Yucatan and the parent
state be cemented and maintained with constancy,
that connexion, instead of weakening may strengthen
and sustain the central power. The Indians in the
departments had been entirely subdued by the white
population.
The commercial advices by the Niagara are of great
interest in reference to the cotton crops. Full details
will be found appended. The money market in New
York was steady, and rather stringent. The commer-
cial article of the Courier and Inquirer, prepared for
the Niagara, states :
There is a regular demand for discounts, and the
rate of interest keeps up to the ordinary rate of 6
and 7 per cent. for good business paper, and for spe-
culative operations it is higher. The Tnited States
Treasury, by reason of considerable duties from im-
ports and the subscriptions to the last loan, his quite
easy, so much so that the secretary has given notice
to the subscribers to the loan, who were bound to pay
up in five monthly instalments, that he does not at
present desire to receive any more payments, thus
saving interest, as that only runs from the date of the
certificate of stock, which is issued as the payments
are made. In foreign exchange the demand is not
very active. The rates for bills on London are from
9to 91. On Paris, at short sight, say ten days,
5 dolls. 20c., and from that to 5 dolls. 25c. and
5 dolls. 27c."
The disaster experienced at Albany so recently
has been followed by a catastrophe even more deso-
lating and terrible. On the 9th a destructive con-
flagration occurred in Brooklyn. 300 houses, three
churches, and an immense amount of property were
destroyed, together with one or two lives. The fire
commenced in a wooden house, and spread to the ex-
tent mentioned, notwithstanding that several build-
ings were blown up by the authorities in the endea-
vour to stop the flames.
The Savannah Republican says :
" Our rice planters have had unusually good luck
in harvesting. The second week's work is now com-
pleted under the most benign sky possible, without a
drop of rain. This weather has had its influence on
the various crops at the southward, and the accounts
from that quarter are encouraging. The only thing
now to be apprehended is the too long continuance
of the fierce and unremitted heat of a sun which
finds no clouds in the sky to intercept its beams:'
An American line-of-battle ship, the Vermont, was
to be launched on the 14th instant. She is pierced
for 120 guns.
A slight earthquake had been felt in some of the
cities on the northern seaboard.
A large fire had occurred at Pottsville on the 10th.
The loss was estimated at 100,000 dollars.
Canadian accounts announce the resignation of the
Governor-Generalship by the. Earl of Elgin, on ac-
count of the continued indisposition of the Countess.
The trade of Montreal exhibited a serious diminution.
The arrivals from the opening of the navigation to
the 6th of September, as compared with the arrivals
in the previous year during the same period, were but
92 vessels against 170 ; the decrease being 78 vessels.
The accounts by the Niagara from Vera Cruz are
two days later than those received at Southampton by
the Teviot—namely, to the 17th ult. The elements
of disorder evoked by the late inversion of authority
by foreign invasion were gradually subsiding.
A The
final evacuation of Chihuahua was made by the me-
ricans on the 18th of July. A remarkable mortality
had lately prevailed among the elite of society in
Mexico ; no less than five generals were deceased,
among whom was General Don Gabriel Valencia.
Tranquillity was being restored at Mazatlan. Pa-
redes had taken refuge in the Sierra Gorda, amongst
the Indians. The Senate had temporarily suspended
its sittings.
The island of St. Croix still continues in a dis-
turbed state.
At Maracaibo, according to the latest American
accounts, skirmishes still continued to occur.
Dates from St. Domingo to the 28d ult. contained
in the New York journals state that the French
Consul had written a letter to the President, re-
quiring him to stop all political executio himr the
French would commence hostilities against The
Consul had written to the French Admiral at Mar-
tinique for a frigate of war, which was daily expected
to arrive at Port-au-Prince.
Intelligence had been received from Campeachy,
Yucatan, to the 27th ult. The Whites had been
successful throughout the Peninsula; and Yucatan
had been reunited to Mexico. Mexico had offered
a free pardon to the Indians, on condition of hos-
ilities being abandoned. Mexico pays to Yucatan
40,000 dollars.

COMMERCIAL SUMMARY.
(From tho New York Courier and Inquirer, Sept. 13.,
The intelligence from Liverpool by the Hibernia,
which reached us on Friday last by telegraph, seems to
indicate that there will be a comparative scarcity of
grain in England,.and there:will still be a necessity there
for considerable importations of foreign grain. The
expectation is fortified by the fact that orders for
the purchase of grain on foreign aceouat were received
by the Hibernia, though at limits too low to admit of
their being more than partially executed. Our markets
on the seaboard are comparatively bare of bread-
stuffs. The. high prices of the last two years have
enabled the farmers to hold their produce back in the
expectation of high prices this year. we may angel
pate, as soon as the news of a foreign demand shall be
circulated in the interior, to find produce hurried to the
seaboard in great quantities. Already the anticipation
of a possible foreign demand carried up the receipts of
tolls in the last week of August to
an amount larger
than in any preceding year except the last. Our crops
this year have been most bountiful, and our capacity
to export is quite equal to any demand likely to be
made on it.
therefore, for lare
We are preparing, g
exports of
bread-stuffs to England, for considerable importations of
coin therefrom, and for dell market for cotton, of which
the growing crop will be very large.
We must remark, however, that the quantity of cot-
ton in transitu from southern to northern ports on the
Ist instant was grerter than usual, snd. as it has
deducing the
been
.1
always treated as a constant quantity in
home consumption, the latter will this year appear
greater by the ordinary process than it ought
extreme to do.
We assume 470,000 bales to have been the
consumption of the last twelve months le the districts
usually included ; and probably even of that quantity a
portion consists of excess of stocks held by manufac-
turers on the Ist instant beyond what they held on the
Ist of September, 1847.
We demur to the correctness of the stock reported as
in this port, merely because, when prices are low and
the article unprofitable to holders, much cotton always
escapes enumeration, in consequence of the necessarily
imperfect method of otinting up our stock, and the ja.

(From the Shipping and commercial List of Sept. 13.)
Provisions-Ohio pork has again rapidly advanced
since our last, owing to the reduced stock, now only
about 13,000 barrels prime, and 14,000 mess. The sales
are about 4,000 barrels at 12 dolls. to 12 dolls. 37f e. for
mess and 9 dolls. to 9 dolls. 631 c. for prime, closing at
the higher rates. Mess beef continues firm, but prime is
neglected. The sales are 200 barrels city prime at 6
dolls. 50 c.; and 300 river mess, 3 dolls. to 13 dolls. 50 c.,
the latter price for very good. Ohio lard is very firm,
and in good demand. The sales are 1,200 barrels at
Sa.-for-good to prime. 1,200 kegs prime, Sic.;
1,500 ditto on private terms; and 50,0001 b. grease, 6ic.
to 61e. Butter is in fair demand at 20c. to 22c. tor
Orange county, 14c. to 16c. for Western dairy, and 10c,
to 11c. for Ohio. Cheese sells freely at 6a. to 7c.-
mostly at qc. for good.
Exports from Ist to 12th September.
1 1847.
843.
Beef ... ... 427 barrels 858
Pork... ... 1.960 „ ... 2,267
Lard... ... 7.807 kegs . . ... 700
Rice-The market since our last, with a better de-
mand, has become firmer, and 600 tierces, good to prime,
sold at 3 dolls. 75e. to 4 dolls. cash.
Cotton-Immediately after our report of the market
of the 2d inst., for transmission by the Britannia, prices
advanced 'gr.; but since then it has been dull and de-
clining, under the influence of unfavourable advices from
abroad, and our quotations now stand ie. to lc. per lb.
below those current at that date, and e. lower than on
Friday last. By our annual statement of the crop of the
United States, it will be seen that it reaches 2,347,634
bales, being 568,983 more than last year, and 247,097
more than the year before. Total exports to foreign
ports, 1,858,261 bales, against 1,241,222 last year; and
taken for home use, 531,772, against 427,967 last year.
The sales since the 2d are 8,060 bales, and since our last,
2,400, as follow a--
Inferior ..• ..• ••• ••• none sto al
Ordinary to good ordinary ... 5i to 51 .51 to 6
niddling to good middling ... 6 to si 6i to 6
Middling fair to fair ... 6f to 61 ... 61 to if
Fully fair to good fair ... 7to 7i ... 74 to 8}
Export from the Ist to the 12th of September, 1848,
6,899 bales; 1847, 6,188 bales.
Grain-Wheat has been in good demand for milling
and export, and improved prices have been obtained;
the market, however, with increasing supplies, closed
heavily yesterday, there being more anxiety to realize.
The sales consist of 30,000 bushels white Genessee, at
1 doll. 37c. to 1 doll. 40c.; 7,500 white Ohio, 1 doll. 30e.;
10,000 fair to prime Southern, 1 doll. 12fe. to 1 doll.
26c.; and 2,500 ditto inferior, 1 doll. 10e. The market
for corn opened firmly on Saturday, and very full, and
in some instances, advanced rates were obtained; but
since then it has been gradually declining, and now
stands 2c. to 4c. lower than on Friday lust, but still
about se. higher than on the Ist inst. Tho receipts of
late have rather exceeded the demand which, though
still large, is restricted on account of the high rates cur-
rent a few days past. gThe transactions consist of
200,000 bushels, a considerable portion to arrive, at 77c.
to 811 c. for round yellow, 72c. for round mixed, 73c. to
76e. for southern flat yellow, 68c. to 70c. for southern
flat white, 67c. to 72c. for common mixed western, 70c.
to 72c. for high mixed, each closing at about the lowest
rates; and 65c. to 661 c. for heated southern and New
Oilcans. 150 bags black-eyed peas brought 1 doll. 25c.
per bag of two bushels.
The receipts down the Hudson since the opening of
river navigation are of-
-1848. 1847.
Wheat 370,979 bushels 1,413,494 bushels
Corn
Rye 233,496 ~ 192,635 „
Exports from Ist to 12th of September.
Corn
Wheat 33,318 ~ 67,522 „
Flour and Meal-The market for western flour, sub-
sequent to our notice of it for the last steamer-say ten
days since-remained pretty steady and uniform, until
the arrival of thellibernia's telegraphic advices on Friday
last, when prices advanced about 50c., but quickly re-
ceded in part, and closed at an improvement of 18ic.
over the rates previously current. On Saturday the
market opened firmly, very full prices being obtained,
but since then it has gradually declined owing to the in-
creasing supplies, now pretty large for the season; and
though the business has been rather heavy, the market
favoured the buyer throughout, and now stands only 61c.
to 12ic. higher than it did previous to the arrival of
the Hibernia, closing with a heavy feeling, the lowest
rates being submitted to yesterday. We quote common
state and mixed western 6 dolls. to 6 dolls. 6ic.,
good and straight brands of both 6 dolls. 64c. to 6 dolls.
12f c., pure Genessee 6 dolls. 1210. to 6 dolls. 184 c., fancy
6 dolls. 25c. to 6 dolls. 371 c., and extra 6 dolls. 371 c. to
6 dolls. 75c. In Southern the business is confined to a
few hundred barrels Georgetown, &c., at 6 dolls. to 6
dolls. 1210. Rye flour is scarce, and commands full
prices; 200 to 300 barrels sold at 4 dolls. to 4 dolls. 61c.
Corn meal is dull and lower. The sales are 1,000 bar-
rels, at 3 dolls. 50c. to 3 dolls. 37ic. cash, for Jersey and
Pennsylvania. No Brandywine here. The receipts
down the Hudson since the opening of the river naviga-