The Sun.
London, England, 1846-03-27 00:00:00

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LONDON, FRIDAY, MARCH 27, 1846.

There Lordships met at Five o'clock.
The Duke of WELLINGTON gave notice, that on Tuesday,
the 7th of April, he should move the adjournment of the
House until Tuesday, the 21st, for the Easter recess.
In answer to the Duke of RICHMOND, it was stated by the
Duke of WELLINGTON that the Corn Bill would not come
vp before the 27th of April.
Their Lordships then adjourned.
The SPEAKER took the Chair at Four o'clock.
Several railway Bills were read a second time and ordered
lo be committed.
Mr. CRAVEN BERKELEY gave notice of his intention, on
the' Ist of April, to move for a copy of all orders by which
the post-master of Cheltenham was authorised to make an
additiOnal charge upon certain letters in the town.
SomErtvILLE gave notice of his intention, on the
motion fi4 the first reading of the Isiah Life and Property

Bill, to move, as an amendment, that the other orders of the
day be read first.

Sir R. PEEL presented a petition from Aberdeen, in favolir
of the Ministerial measure for the alterations of the corn-
laws. The Right Hon. Baronet also presented petitions
from Manchester and Nottingham, praying the House
speedily to pass the government measure with respect to the
corn-laws.

Sir R. PEEL, in answer to a question put to him the other
day by Mr. HuME, stated that it was his intention not to
propose a longer recess at Easter than eleven dayi, and that
he would not even pledge himself to move so long an
adjournment.
Mr. M. Gamow wished to know whether it was the inten-
tion of the Government to proceed with the Irish Coercion
Bill on Monday ?
Sir R. PEEL said he was not prepared to depart from the
declaration he had made, of his intention to move the first
reading of the Life and Property (Ireland) Bill on Monday
next. After the Bill had been read a first time, he should
propose that no Government measure should interfere with
the progress of the Corn Bill.
Mr. M. GIBSON said that it was intended, he understood,
to oppose the Irish Coercion Bill in every stage.
Sir R. PEEL trusted that Hon. Members would not oppose
the first reading, but make their opposition on the second
reading, or some other stage of the Bill.
Mr. O'CoNwEr. said, that such was the feeling with re-
spect to the Bill entertained by Irish Members, that they
felt bound to oppose the measure at every stage.
Sir R. PEEL would persevere in the course he had chalked
out, notwithstanding the statements that had been made.
Mr. G. BANKES, pursuant to notice, moved for the ap-
pointment of a Select Committee to take into consideration
tie laws relating to the settlement and removal of the poor.
Mr. R. SPOONER seconded the motion.
Sir JAMES GRAHAM opposed the motion. When the House
went into committee on the Bill it would be competent for
the Hon. Gentleman to move such clauses as would accom-
plish the object he had in view.
After some observations from Mr. R. SPOONER, Sir R.
PEEL, Mr. Cor,clunous, Sir R. INGLIS, and Colonel Sur-
THORP, the motion was withdrawn.
Mr. FINCH then resumed the adjourned debate on the Corn
Importation Bill.
The House was afterwards addressed by Lord RENDLI-
SHAM, Mr. BORTHWICKE, Mr. C. BULLER, and Lord G.
BENTINCK.

On the motion of Sir JAMES GruHem, the debate was ad.
journed.
The remaining orders being disposed of, the House ad.
journed at a Quarter past One.

At one and the same moment Great Britain and
America are placed in an attitude of cpnsiderable social
and commercial embarrassment, by the lengthy discus-
sion of their legislators upon questions the importance of
which is scarcely calculable. Nor is this feeling of in-
security, which shackles every mercantile matter, whether
great or small, and which is alone consequent upon
the procrastination of their Governments, modi-
fied in any way by the absolute impossibility
of conjecturing the moment when the ques-
tions at issue will be brought to an adjustment.
It is scarcely necessary to observe that their claims upon
the Oregon territories, and their proposed alteration of the
principles by which international trade has been hitherto
conducted, form the two grand subjects of interest, and
the two great causes of commercial stagnation both with
the English public and the citizens of the United States.
Our latest intelligence from New York, brought
over by the packet-ship Montezuma, gives us the debate
in the Senate of the 27th February, on which day
speeches upon the Oregon question were delivered by
Mr. WEBSTER and Mr. CRITTENDEN. Nothing
could be more pacific, conciliatory, upright,
or judicious than the sentiments expressed by these two
senators. The transatlantic discussion, in short, upon
this singular topic has assumed the colouring of REM-
BRANDT ; more startling effects chiar' oscuro could
not have been devised than have been afforded by the
dark and belligerent oratory of Mr. QUINCY ADAMS,
and the calm and luminous harangue of Mr. WEBSTER.
Still it would be infinitely worse than foolishness—it
would be actually culpable—to swallow one or two
almost solitary instances of good sense on
the part of the more dispassionate among
the American statesmen, as indications of the
real spirit by which the inhabitants of the United States
are actuated towards ourselves. An occasional drop of
conciliation is immediately afterwards swamped by
perfect torrent of invective. Some few sensible thinkers
amongst them are inclined to settle the matter now
pending with all judicial quietude and integrity ; the
vast majority, however, of their fellow-citizens are
furiously bellicose and as fut iously vituperative. We
speak thus not upon mere assumptions ; the thing has
been proved long since—arbitration has been rejected—
an impertinent species of negotiation has been spokes
of, but so manifestly absurd as to require no rebuttal—
a negotiation coupled with a premise that nothing but a
total cessation of the whole of Oregon will be accepted
by the American Government! The fact has been long
clear that most hostile sentiments towards England are
rankling among a certain class across the Atlantic ; a
spirit of animosity so intense as to blind that party to
the injustice of their conduct, and to render
them indifferent to the opinions of other na
tions and of posterity. England comes for
ward, on the contrary, with no rancorous thoughts
of jealousy, with no uadue wishes for aggrandisement ;
her propositions for a submittal of the opposite claim:,
to an unprejudiced tribunal, have been rejected with
the most insolent arrogance, and the most depraved dis-
regard to common honesty. Beyond a certain limit of
aggression, and beyond certain bounds of legislative
decency, it is unwise for a nation to permit any foreign
power to proceed ;—to say the least of it, such a
spirit of tolerance would be impolitic. Great
Britain must not, cannot, will not, allow any external
authority to proceed beyond those recognised bounda-
ries without arising to assert her dignity, to defend
her honour, and to chastise the belligerents. His-
tory records such as her invariable behaviour in si
miler emergencies; history will record such till her glory
is extinguished from the face of the earth. It is
doubtless, from a recognition of this fact, that some
among the most influential members of the Le-
gislature of the United States are endeavouring
to allay a spirit of animosity so unconscionable, and to
bring their countrymen to a better sense of their posi
tion, as a civilized and Christian race, by appealing to
their reason and to their better hearts. Whether the
appeal will be responded to is very questionable indeed.
The language of Mr. CRITTENDEN, the Senator for
Kentucky, while it is sententious, is honest and
humane. He deprecates any heated view o'
the question ; he requires candour and cold
blood for its consideration. "We should treat this
subject," says he, "in a spirit more worthy of our-
selves." A little effervescence with him is allowable, it i,
conceivaole—not to be carped at overmuch. However,
it must be allowed to fritter itself away and ultimately
—" our decision will be marked by temperance and
justice!" Let Mr. QUINCY ADAMS ponder well over
the next sentence uttered by Mr. CRITTENDEN; let hits
think well on 't," in the words of a time-honoured
adage; there is much that is applicable to himself it,
its allusion. " They who should involve their country
in a needless war," exclaimed the Senator for Kentucky,
" will bear responsibility heavy enough to sink a navy, sir t,
The mode of expression alone is sufficient to authenticate
the announcement; whether Mr. C RITTENDEN was equally
justified in his subsequent declaration, that " a great
majority of the Senate is anxious, they are all anxious,
for peace," a division upon the question could alone
have proved; but that division was not required previous
to the departure of the Montezuma. We cannot refrain
from transcribing the remarks of the Senator for
Kentucky upon that arbitration which Mr. FOLK had
taken upon himself to refuse
:
"What a glorious homage" said he, "would this republic
render to its own best principles by accepting the arbitration
of a tribunal composed of men distinguished only for their
talents, knowledge, science, and moral worth. That would
tend greatly to the elevation of the age. Neither the steam-
boat, nor the mighty ship, which with wonderfully con-
trived machinery ploughs the ocean, defying as it were both
wind and wave, is so wonderful in the world of arts and
mechanics as in the great progress of science and civilisation
would be the spectacle of such a tribunal. And after
that great work to have proceeded from the hand of
this free Government, from republican hands, how
majestic the spectacle! It would have been worth more
to the world than all Oregon, if every inch of it would have
been given to ns ; and the proud reputation and character
that would have resulted from that, would have added to
that national honour about which we talk so much, and
which is the richest inheritance of nations, a fresh lustre that
never would have faded away. It would have been far more
valuable than any territory on the north-west coast of
America."

The address of Mr. WEBSTER was characterised by a
calm and philosophic spirit, in which he intimated hi.
abhorrence of unnecessary warfare, and thus con-
densed his ideas upon the delay in the negotiations.—" I
wish the country could be rid of the dispute. Take
Oregon if you can get it, hut, at all events, settle the
question between the two countries fairly and reasonably."
It is only by a persistence in these plain-spoken and
rational opinions that the ridiculous pugnacity of some
among the Americans can be purged away, and that a
peaceful settlement of the Oregon claims can be arrived
at. Should the diplomacy of the Earl of ABERDEEN
and the arguments of a WEBSTER in the end draw the
matter to that conclusion, they will have accomplished a
great moral victory,

1
A Bill, entitled " Turnpike Roads (Scotland) Bill,"
quietly passed through the House of Lords, andwas
brought to the Commons on the 19th ofF wte hbtrularyt.
From the title of the Bill one would suppose
might have reference to the great change to be produced
on turnpike-road mortgages by the extension of rail-
ways, or to the mismanagement of the trusts, or the
badness of the roads, or, in fact, anything but the real
object of the Bill, which is nothing else than to abridge
the comforts of the people of Scotland. By an Act
passed in the reign of the late KING, justices of
the peace were authorised to grant licenses
to toll-sate keepers to sell wine, ale, spirits, ,

and other refreshments and provisions, for

the -use of travellers, or. 'the recommendation- of
the road trustees, who, convinced of the great con-
venience and, indeed, necessity of such plac'es of l'efresb-
meat, were not at all backward in granting recom-
mendations. This, it appears, hay given offence to ti-,
religious feelings of certain parties, and they resolv,,!.
therefore, that a Bill should be brought in to prohibit
for the future the sale of refreshments at toll-bars. Mr.
Fox MAULE had the management of the Bill in the
Commons, and urged " the crying evils"—(among others
the Gilmerton murder)—" which were proved to have
been perpetrated by drunken and dissolute carters, pur
chasing intoxicating liquors at the different toll-houses
on the Sabbath. But for that he should not have
interfered in the matter." Mr. P. MAXWELL STEWART
went a little farther, for he seemed to
have some personal interest in the matter. " These
turnpikes," he said, " were inaccessible to travellers
who, like himself and other Hon. Members, were of a
sober character, in consequence of the great accumula-
tion of carriers' carts around the toll-house, the drivers
of which were inside drinking the worst kinds o'
spirituous liquors." These are certainly most incom-
prehensible reasons for the Bill in question, for the
same events might occur at any public-house, and the vex.)
measure proposed would increase the evil by lessening
the number of places of refreshment, and thereb3
creating greater crowds at such places of resort. Wt
must, therefore, presume that there is some other reason
in the back ground, and that the Agnewites are
attempting to obtain by false pretences what they cannot
obtain in a fair, open, and manly way. If public order is
disturbed at these places, have the justices of peace
and the magistrates not sufficient power to punish of-
fences committed there, as well as offences com-
mitted at a public-house ? There is, in fact, neithei
reason nor common sense displayed in making this in-
road upon the convenience of the public, and it comes
with the worst grace, and the worst policy too, from
Whig party. In Scotland the Whigs, much more than
in England, were looked up to by the common people as
their friends and protectors, and these very carters.
spoken of so contemptuously by Mr. Fox MAULC:
and Mr. P. M. STEWART, would have been the first to
appeal to them against the Tory justices ; yet, in this
instance, they have allowed the Tories to assume their
functions, and protect the poor against the tyranny of
their old friends. One amendment proposed by the
ex-Under-Secretary for the Home Department, places
the matter in a clear light. He moved that
no toll-bar house should be licensed, if within
five miles of a public-house, so that a weary traveller
from the interior of the country, and when expecting
to find refreshment on the public road, might have to
walk for some three hours longer before he could get
a glass of ale and a crust of bread. Why do not
these religions men do as they would be done by ?
Sir J AMES GRAHAM manfully set his face against this
wicked scheme, the LORD-ADVOCATE followed his ex-
ample, and the Scotch Tory Members, to their credit,
sealed its fate.

It has recently been remarked in the House of Com-
mons, that the present age is characterised by its dearth
of statesmen. No one can contemplate the politics of
the current century without acquiescing in the truth of
this observation. Compared with the galaxy of brilliant
public men who presided over and guided our national
councils towards the close of the past century, we have
rind for the last forty years none (CANNING excepted) of
the same intellectual stature, either to assume the helm
or assist in navigating the vessel of the State. CANNING'S
attainment of the highest point of influence in this country
was almost coeval with his death. His was felt to be
an irreparable loss, and the suddenness of the blow gave
a shock to our hopes that vibrated to the very extremi-
ties of our dominions. The sequel has justified the
strength and accuracy of the national sensation that
accompanied his descent to the tomb. In a thorough
knowledge of the difficulties and dangers of the political
ocean he sought to traverse, his mind stood without a
competitor. He possessed the experience and the fore-
sight to predict and mark the coming storm. But, un-
fortunately, when he would have steered us in safety
into the haven of eivil and religious liberty, he was
thwarted by his rivals for power, and fell a victim
to grief, occasioned by the fierce opposition he had
to encounter. As it was long before his accession to the
office of Prime Minister, so has it been since his melan-
choly end, that this country has been without the in-
appreciab'e advantage of a statesman capable of suffici-
ently anticipating by legislation the various and nascent
wants of our empire. The consequence has been, that
the functions properly belonging to the rulers have been
assumed by the governed ; and, in lieu of witnessing the
elements of discontent destroyed by seasonable acts of the
State, we have only beheld a series of graceless concessions,
the immediate fruits of wholesale agitation. In this view
the most valuable province of the executive—that of
taking the initiative in all matters of legislation required
by the growing wants of our countrymen, conformably
with the new phases continually presented by the deve-
lopment of our extraordinary end vast resources—has of
iate years been altogether usurped. The Duke of WEL•
LINGToN proclaimed this fact in his speech of Monday,
when he serially enumerated the different concessions
we have made to Ireland, all of which have resulted
from the force of agitation. But true as this is, does it
not convey a great reproach to the political
capacity of those who have, from time to time,
by the offices they have accepted, undertaken
to organize a healthier state of things ? The Duke of
WELLINGTON drew the attention of Parliament to the
frequent concessions granted of late years to Ireland,
and yielded in a way he must have felt reluctant to
confess, with the object of deterring the House of Lords
from supporting Earl GREY'S address to the Throne
But, in order to hare given weight to his counsel in the
eyes of the country, his Grace should have shown, if he
could, that the matters conceded had not worked well,
tr that being bad in themselves, they ought to be re
pealed, and that only for the baneful effects of
such extorted legislation, the state of Ireland
would have been more favourable than what it
is known to be. We look in vain, however,
for even the shadow of an attempt at such an argument,
and are consequently thrown back upon the inference
that what has been wrought, albeit in an objectionable•
manner, have been so many moves in the right direction,
productive of partial, though very inadequate, good to
Ireland ; and that had not the people combined and
gained for themselves what the Imperial Parliament
has at different times been so loth to surrender, it might
now have been our lot to deal with consequences far
more fearful than those in which we are already in-
volved. The Duke of WELLINGTON himself advised the
passing of the Catholic Relief Bill on the ground
that to refuse it might provoke a civil war : his Grace's
renowned career in other countries has led him, perhaps
more than any other living man, to know that

" Civil dissension is a rip'rous worm,
That gnaws the bowels of the commonwealth."

We have a high authority for believing that, had justice
not been meted out to the Catholics in 1829, agitation
would have plunged us into the horrors of internal
discord. The Duke would be the last man to suggest
the re-enactment of their civil disabilities. Then, if his
own measure was good in itself, and the same can be
said of others that have since become the law of the
land, does it not put a premium on agitation,
and cast a slur upon statesmen living and dead, to re-
vive the recollection of the instrumentality by which its
success was insured? The moral to be read from the
circumstances thus forced upon our attention is, that
great as are the qualities with which our leading states-
men are undoubtedly gifted, they have nevertheless been
grievously deficient in the chief qualification necessary
for the satisfactory discharge of the duties that devolved
upon them, by the high positions they haTe alternately
occupied, and that if they wish to emulate their cele-
brated predecessors in office of the past age, they must
anticipate, more than they have hitherto done, the
elastic desires of the community at large, and, by a fore-
seeing wisdom, provide the machinery that will give a
safe and healthy direction, under any circumstances that
may arise, to the untiring energies and exhaustless in-
dustry of our hardy population. Ireland it is that now
presents the field for exemplifying this coveted wisdom.
For her relief some active and comprehensive measures
are instantly required, and the only way in which m e
can hope to see agitation in that country successfully put
and end to, is by the most eminent mr nof all parties
being animated by the same spirit that governed the con-
duct of our ancestors whenever they had to grapple with
any prominent political evils.

We have received Madrid journals of the 19th, from which
we learn that the manifesto of the new Cabinet, the suspen-
sion of the Cortes, and the ordonnance fur destroying the
liberty of the press, had created a most painful sensation in
the capital. It was currently reported that the proprietors of
most of the journals had held a meeting to determine what
course they should adopt under the circumstances, and that
they had come to the resolution of suspending their publica-
tion for the present. On this subject the Eco del Comercio says,

" It has been announced that the Eco del Comercio, the
Espectador, and the Clamor Pubtico, will cease to be pub
lished. As far as we are concerned, we shall appear until the
Government prevents us." The Universal thus adverts to
the new decrees :—" The Ministry has suspended the Cortes
without voting the supplies. This is the first step, and also
the coup d'etat—the first re-actionary measure. This will of
course be followed up by other similar acts, and in a short
time Spain will find itself under the yoke of a Dictatorship

as stupid as that of Ross, and as vialent as that of SANTA
ANNA:. But NAAVAEZ still finds supprters among the,
tightin:! On th,.. 19th the Captain-General of Madrid,
t!it iosp,:aues of the army and navy, a great number of
vqticers of all ranks, and all the officers of the garrison, srukt'
W.,r-office to present their congratulations to General
;A itVAEZ. The Bourse',was closed on the 19th, in consequence
the feat of :-;t. JusEF, but several private bargains were
made at higher prices.

Most of the Paris papers of Wednesday contain articles on
the late extraordinary events which have taken place at
Nladrid, and unanimously denounce the conduct of the Dic-
tator. The Constitutionnel infers that these violent measures
have not been taken without the tacit consent of France.
"General NARVAEZ," it says, "was the natural instrument
of the Palace conspiracy. We fear that the representative of
France was aware of it from the beginning, and that he
rather seconded than arrested the movement which was in
preparation. For a long time the Parliamentary men of
Spain complained of the intimacy existing between our Am-
bassador and General NARVAEZ, and of his leaning towards
the theories of arbitrary power in Spain. Many persons
have been struck in France with the manner in which our
Ministry was made acquainted with the retreat of the Spa-
nish Cabinet and the accession of NARVAEZ several days
before the fact had taken place." The Presse, considered
the organ of Queen CHRISTI,NA, after condemning, in strong
terms, the coup d'etat, thus draws the character of • BALBOA,
appointed political chief of Madrid:—
" This man, General Balboa, has passed before a council of
war accused of more than 80 crimes, for each of which he
was deemed worthy of death. We shall mention only two.
Sent to La Mancha, at the period when Palillos was devas-
tating that province, he had arrested in a mass all the persons
suspected of Carlism and all the relations of the persons
serving in the army of the pretender. The prisons were
encumbered. One day he gave orders that lots should be
cast for the prisoners to be first shot Among those o■ whom
the lot fell was a little child five years of age. The
officer in command informed Generel Balboa of the
matter, adding that he supposed it was toot his
intention to shoot a child of that age. 'lf he is not
shot in two hours it is you that shall be shot in his
place,' was the reply of the General. An hour after the
child carne out of prison. To bring him before the platoon
charged with the execution an orange was thrown, and it
was whilst pursuing it that the child fell pierced with four
bullets. Another day, General Balboa had a woman shot
who was more than eight months gone with child. An
accoucheur was present, with orders to save the child when
its mother was dead. A servant of the General, a negro
freed at the Havannah, publicly made the following declara-
tion I do not recoil at a small matter : I have eaten
human flesh ! but I declare that it was impossible for me to
endure any longer the horrors committed by my master.'
Such is the man who has just been nominated Prefect of
Madrid. The most dreadful events may be expected, the
Ministry standing alone against all parties."

Even the Univers, the organ of the High Church party,
though NARVAEZ and CHRISTINA, are bent on reconciling
the Spanish Church to Rome and restoring the clergy to
their former power, cannot reconcile itself to this " opera-
tor of coups &fiat, who places virtue in his sword and
and nothing else."

The accounts received from Poland are of a melancholy
character. The Russian Government had commenced the
work of punishment in the most fearful manner. Several
leaders of the insurrection at Siedlee had been tried by a
court-martial, condemned, and executed. The Uniceraat
Prussian Gazette publishes the following account taken from
the Warsaw Courier, but it gives no date :
" The undermentioned is the result of the investigation
set on foot owing to the events at Siedlee, and the arrests of
various persons :

1. That a conspiracy took place with ramifications in the
Polish provinces.
" 2. That the head of the conspiracy, Bronislas Dombrow-
ski, sent from Posen, was chosen leader of the conspiracy on
the right bank of the Vistula.
" 3. That the principal abettors were Pantaldon Po-
toski, Stanislas Koeischewski, Ladislas Zarski, Jean
Lytinski, Michel Alirezki, and Anthony Deskur.
The agents and accomplices. of Dombrowski were
Stephen Dobrytsch and Charles Ruprecht. All these indivi-
duals, brought before a council of war, have been found guilty
of rebellion and sedition. According to the powers intrusted
by his Majesty the Emperor, the Prince-Governor, after
sentence of death was pronounced, has ordered Potozki,
Koeischewski, and Zarski to be hung, the first at Siedlee, the
other two at Warsaw. As regards Dobritch and Ruprecht.
their sentence is to be commuted on the scaffold to
banishment to Siberia, with a loss of all their rights,
Mirezki and Deskur are deprived of all their rights, and
share the same fate as Dobritsch and Ruprecht. Lytinski,
who showed a true repentance, is equally banished to Sibe-
ria, with the loss of all his rights, after receiving 500 stripes.
The law to enter into full force, as regards the confiscation
of their property, according to Art. 178, book Ist of the mili-
tary criminal code. As regards any property falling to them
by inheritance it will be judged according to Polish law.
This sentence was fulfilled the following day at ten A. 31., in
front of the citadel, with the exception of Potozki."
The official Gazette of Vienna contains the following de-
cree of the EMPEROR, pronounced against the family of Prince
Czair-rortism, now residing at Paris :—" The EMPEROR hav-
ing learned that the Prince CZARTORISKI had declared to a
deputation of Poles in Paris that he approved of the insur-
rection in Poland, has ordered the Aulic Council to prohibit
the Prince CZAKTORISKI, the Princess, and their descendants,
from disposing of any property, landed or personal, they may
possess in the Austrian States, or receiving any revenue
arising therefrom, until further orders."

The closing prices of the funds and railway shares on the
Paris Bourse on Saturday, were given in The Sun of yester-
day.

BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, MAacu 26.
Bouleyn• and Amiens, 11%—llordeaux, Toulouse, and Cetto
(Mackenzie), 2—Ditto (lispel,ta), 3 Dutch Rhenish, s;y—East In-
dian, li—Great Northern of France Constituted, 15% —Luxembourg,
1% —Namur and Liege, 2—Orleans and Bordeaux, 12% Over Yssel,
3 dis.—Sambre and Meuse, —Tours and Nantes Constituted, 7.

SC ENE OF THE SEAT OF WAR ON
THE SUTLEJ.

For the convenience of those who take an interest in
the deeds of our gallant troops, and their equally gallant
auxiliaries hi India, we publish this day a sketch of the
country on the banks of the Sutlej, now rendered famous
by three great victories. It has been laid down by
Mr. Wyld, cf Charing-cross, so well known for
his skill and accuracy as a geographer, who has
devoted much attention to the subject, and spared
no pains in ascertaining the localities of the principal
towns and villages mentioned in the Government dis-
patches. It will be found extremely useful in reading
the accounts of the late battles, as well as those which
we fear are yet to take place.

HOUSE OF LORDS -(THIS DAY.)
Lord Brougham, Lord Cottenham, and Lord Campbell sat
in the house of Lords to-day to hear Scotch appeals.
THE EARL OF HOPETOUN V. RAMSEY.
The arguments in this appeal, which were not finished
yesterday, were resumed and concluded to-day.
Their LotipsruPs gave judgment affirming the decision of
the Court below.

TUE RF:V. DR. WM: JACK V. SIR THOMAS BURNETT.
The appellants in this case are the Principal, and the dif-
ferent Fellows and Professors of the University of King's
College, Aberdeen, and the object of the appeal is to set aside
a judgment of the Court of Session, whereby it was declared
that the appellants were bound to administer and apply the
whole rents and revenus of certain lands left by an ancestor
of the respondents for the support of three burners in King's
College, Aberdeen.
Mr. James Parker and Mr. APPlierson were counsel for the
appellants, and the Solicitor-General and Mr. Bethell were
in support of the judgment of the Court below.
The arguments occupied their Lordships the whole morning.

BANKRUPTCY.-(THIS DAY.)
(Before Mr. Commissioner GOULIWILN.)
IN RE METCALFE.
This bankrupt, who had carried on business as a builder,
came up to pass his last examination.
The report of the official assignee showed that, in the year
1844, the bankrupt compounded with some of his creditors,
leaving debts to the amount of 480 t., since which time he
had incurred additional debts to nearly 1,0001. He had not
kept regular books, and all the creditors had to furnish their
own accounts. He had kept a list of debtors, but only one
was good.
The COMMISSIONER desired the bankrupt to be sworn.
The bankrupt declined, on conscientious scruples, as he
alleged.
The CO3IMISSIONP:R then ordered him to make the declara-
tion under Lord Denman's Act, and warned him, that if he
spoke falsely, he was liable to be indicted for perjury.
The bankrupt's examination did not clear up the mystifica-
tion of the accounts.
The COMMISSIONER said he should adjourn the examina-
tion sine die, for the accounts had been wilfully made out
falsely ; and directed a minute to that effect to be entered on
the proceedings.

SECONDARIES.-(THIS DAY.)
(Before Mr. Secondary JAmEs.)
LOWRY V. 31‘KENZIE.
This was an action brought to recover the sum of 61.185.,
for wine and spirits sold to defendant, who is a gentleman,
residing in Suffolk-place, Pall-mall.
The defendant pleaded the general issue. The only point
in the case was whether defendant was indebted to plaintiff,
or a person named L'yer, who was his traveller.
It appeared that Dyer kept an ale and stout store, in
Duke-street, St. James's, and supplied the defendant ; but
he was not licensed to sell wines, although the defendant
ordered them Of him. Dyer, it appeared, handed over the
order to the plaintiff, who sent it in, with an invoice made
out, tD the defendan'.
The jury gave a verdict for the plaintiff.
This was the only case set down for hearing.

THE LATE MR. LounoN.—We are happy to learn
that a pension for life of 1001. per annum has been granted by her
Majesty to Mrs. Loudon. Sir Itotert l'eel has just communicated to
Mrs. Loudon this act of beneficence. To her it will be doubly grate-
ful, as it i conferred in consideration of her deceased husband's
labours and writings on subjects of natural science.

THE PEERS AND FREE TRADE.—A meeting of Peers,
very numerously attended, took place on Wednesday, at the
Clarendon Hotel, at which it was unanimously resolved to op-
pose, by every constitutional means, the progress of the Government
free trade measures in the house of Lords.—Post.

ILLUIVINATION.—On the occasion of his Royal High-
ness Prince George of Cambridge's birth-day, Mr. Turner, goldsmith
and jeweller, had a magnificent star of Brunswick, with the imperial
crown.

THE ALLEGED MURDER AT BETHNAL• GREEN.-
Yesterday Mr. Baker held Lit inquiry at the Hare Tavern, Cam-
bridge Heath-road, on the body of Airs. Rebecca Zabel, who, it was
alleged, had died in consequence of ill-treatment by her husband,
when, after a protracted investigation, the jury returned a verdict of
died from natural causes.

WONDERFUL ESCAPE.—On Wednesday morning,
about noon, as a lad, named Benjamin Goodwin, twelve years of age,
• an apprentice to a law stationer near Chancery-lane, was returning
from Parliament-street, Westminster, he got up behind a cal*, and
rode. On arriving opposite Agar-street he alighted, and was cross-
ing the Strand, when he was knocked down by a Blackwall omnibus,
and the fore-wheel of the vehicle completely passed over his body
between the shoulders and waist. Ile was at once conveyed to
Charing-cross Hospital, when it was discovered, to the astonishment
of the medical gentlemen who attended him, that not a bone in his
body was broken, and that he hall sustained only a momentary sus-
pension of his faculties. His escape from instant death is extraordi-
nary, more particularly so when it Is known that the omnibus was at
the time filled with passengers.

RAILWAY COMMITTEES. 11,:nedo.nsjlidi
re r e3di
oi tr bay
hmasositiaceilalgivbelre3., lina vrge
es t Tfteenrt .fo r lhalfoaf. dthe building
( land, but
THIS DAY.) has refused it. The passage of the line on an embankment through
the property would be destruction.to it.
By Mr. Sergt. WRANGHAM—The property has not at present any
frontage on the road, but a road will be formed by it. His client
gave 2,4001. for the land. At the time he purchased it be was the
holder of a very beneficial lease, which would have cost the land-
lord 700/. or 8001. to have gut up. The proposed embankment would
reduce the property to one-third of its present value. The effect
of the Greenwich !Railway at Bermondsey has been, to depreciate
the value of the property at the end of Bermondsey-street to one-
half.

HOUSE OF LORDS,

Committee 1.0. 5

the ( ommittee met this murillui„:, Lord Selkirk chainrimi

132,XSTri GaZa.ir N.7siI7,I;I73EIR.IN—MIDLAND
GREAT WESTERN.

Lord Sumaits said the Committee had decided on reporting to the
House that Bills should be passed for the construction of a line from
Portarlington to Galway, and a line from Mullingar to Athlone,
strongly recommending a junction of the two lines at Athlone.

Sergeant Witallonaii, on the part of the Mullingar Company, re
quested their Lordships to introduce clauses into both Bills which
would secure the junction they had recommended.

Mr. TALEOT oppo.ed this, if it meant a fusion of the two Com-
panies; but if it had no other object than to secure the layit g
down of rails between the two lines he had no business to interfere
with the wishes of the other Company ; he would, however, object
to being compelled to come to Parliament next session, merely be-
cause the other Company wished to construct that junction.
Sergeant WRANGHAM said he would submit such a clause as would
secure the objects of the Committee in the course of the day.
THE " TIMES " REPORT.

Sergeant WRAtiouerd then saidihe felt it necessary to obsetere before
their Lordships, on the inaccuracy of a report of yesterday's pro-
ceedings in that Committee, by which a Member of the other
House of Parliament felt his character was seriously affected.
Their Lordships would recollect that Mr. Blakeney, a solicitor,
was examined yesterday, and that some of his statements referred
to Mr. Blake, M.P. In reference to that, the Time,' report had the
follewiug paragraph :
"An important fact came out on the cross-examniation of Mr.
Blakeney, a solicitor, who gave strong evidence in support of the
Mullingar line. He said that his name was down for 100,0001. to the
deed, but he had not a share in the line, and he merely acted as the
agent of Mr. Blake, M.P. for Galway. It was proved yesterday, with
a reference to this part of the case, that Mr. Watson was down as a
subscriber for 10,0001., and had not paid any d-posit money."
Now, the facts which came before their Lordships yesterday were
these—that Mr. Blake had sent to his solicitor, Mr. Blakeney,
to purchase 10,0001. worth of shares in the Mullingar line, and
sent the money; but Mr. Watson's case, which was very
different, was put by the reporter:of the Times in such apposition with
Mr. Blake's as to imply a very serious imputation on his character,
and that he had been speculating to the amount of 100,0001. It was
enough for him (Sergeant Wrangham) to observe upon the mistake
before their Lordships.
_ _

Lord gELKISIE said the Committee had the most distinct recollection
of the facts put in evidence yesterday, which were as the Learned
Sergeant had represented them ; but he (Lord Selkirk) could not
wonder at errors being made by the reporters when such a noise was
created in the room.

Ills Lordship ought to have added "especially as no accommoda-
tion whatever had been provided for the public press." In fact, the
reporter must stand, aid stand in a crowd of impatient clients,
huddled and jostled about so as to be effectually prevented from
writing while the evidence is being given. If he report it must be
from memory, and to do that with perfect accuracy, in the case of
details, is next to impossible.

The Committee adjourned till a late hour in the day, that counsel
might have an opportunity of consulting on certain clauses in both
Bills, which will then be read and passed, with a view to their being
reported to the House to-night.

No. 9 Room.
This Committee commenced its sittings this morning at the cue.
tomary hour.
THE DUBLIN, DOWN, AND CALLANDRA RAILWAY,
THE INVERNESS AND ELGIN RAILWAY,
THE SURREY GRAND JUNCTION RAILWAY, and
THE ICOTTISH SOUTHERN TERMINAL RAILWAY,
were allowed to be proceeded with.

The Committee on
THE DUBLIN AND ENNISKILLEN.
. _

met to-day in the Roll? Court.

The promoters of the Irish North Midland Railway, as a corn.
peting company, opposed the Bill.

Mr: Sergeant MUiLPHY appeared for the promoters of the Bill, and
briefly stated their case, from which it appeared that the line would
be strictly a line from the city of Dublin to Enniskillen. If their
Lordships would look to the map they would find that the line started
at Colinisillagia, that it would afford railway accommodation to the
important town of Navan, which fact he submitted was a most
prominet feature of recommendation in behalf of this line, in
preference to the scheme of the competing companies. It would also
connect the town of Trim with the county town of Meath. It then
proceeded to the town of Kells, and went on to a town called Vir-
ginia, and thence to Cavan, till it joined the line of the Dundalk and
Enniskillen Railway Company, and from Newry it proceeded to the
town of Enniskillen. The line of the Irish North Midland Com-
panies on the other hand started at Kllcock, 22 miles from Dublin,
being the point where the Mullingar line started. It then proceeded
to the town of Trim, and from Trim to the town of Kells. It then
ran to Virginia, and thence to Cavan. It then deflected a little to
the west, and crossed (as he understood) the waters of Lough Erne
three times, until it reached ajuncticn with the Newry and Enniskillen
Railway, and so proceeded to Enniskillen. Their Lordships would,
therefore, see by the frame of the map that the line
of this Company was far more direct than the project of the
Irish North Midland Company. The fact of there being two competieg
lines showed that some one line was necessary. He would, there-
fore, call their Lordships' attention to the prominent feature in be-
half of this Company—viz., that of there being a line of railway
already from Dublin to Drogheda, which was thirty two miles in
length, and had been in operation for the last two years. A Bill
had been obtained for the purpose of enabling the directors of Ord
line to continue it so as io connect the important
bays of Newry, Dundalk, and Carlingford. He was ex-
ceedingly glad that their Lordships had so far agreed with him
as to reject upon discussion the petitions which came from those dif-
ferent lines which were presented to their Lordships that day; and
he also rejoiced at the contest which had taken place between him-
self and his learned friends, because it enabled him to show their
Lordships the animus in which the contest on behalf of the opposing
scheme was to be carried on. The promoters of the line were about to
carry out that principle of forming a great central trunk of railway
for the north of Ireland, a principle that had so much received the
sanction of the Legislature during the last session. lie would ask
their Lordships whether they could not infer, from the petitions that
lay before them against this line, that the ground of the opposition
was merely to annoy this Company ? And he would ask their Lord-
ships, whether it was not fair to infer that, even if the Le-
gislature sanctioned the scheme of the opponents, they
would not fail to make their proposed line ? Judging
from the nature of the petitions and statements of the North Midland
Company, he should say that it would be incompatible with the in-
terests of the north of Ireland to grant them power to construct their
line. The promoters of this Bill proposed to give a direct communi-
cation to the town of Navan with the City othublin, whilst the line of
the opponents would be a most circuitous one—being in fact about
eleven miles longer than that of this Company. They also
proposed to give a direct communication between all the important
towns of the north of Ireland. They had no engineering difficulties
of any extent—they had only a small tunnel near the town of Cavan;
their gradients were most favourable, in point of fact their deepest
gradient was 1 in 104, and their sharpest curve was 2 furlongs and 2
chains, which their Lordships would see was by no means a sharp curve.
Mr. Winter, a magistrate of the counties of Cavan and Meath,
was then called in support of the promoters' case, and stated that
the feelings of the inhabitants of those districts were universally in
favour of the Dublin and Enniskillen, in preference to the project of
the Irish North Midland Company. He believed that it would give
ample accommodation for the traffic, and passengers having business
between Dublin and Enniskillen.

Re-examined Under any circumstances the line would be an
injury to the property.
Mr. Porter, an architect and surveyor—The land belonging to Mr.
Morby is good building land. It is surrounded with roads, and wit-
ness knows that buildings are rapidly increasing in the neighbour-
hood. The railway would entirely unfit the land for the purpose tbr
which it is intended—viz., for building villas.
Mr. Irwin, a surveyor, stated that be is engaged in connexion with
the estates adjoining Mr. Morby's land. It is very de ,irable build-
ing ground. A railway passing through the land would destroy its
value.

Cr ILO UP XY 1 .

EPSOM BRANCH.

The Committee. including every member as usual, Sir C. Douglas,
chairman, Lord Pollington, Mr. Lockhart, the Hon. 0. Duncembe,
and Mr. Blewitt, assembled at twelve o'clock to-day, when
Mr. Stovin, manager of the traffic en the South-Western line was
called to show the tr% file, and stated that the returns expected to
be derived would be 8,3801., which, less 40 per cent. for working ex-
penses, would leave a rough estimate of profit of 5,0001. a-year on the
branch.

On the cross-examination by Mr. ALEXANDER, nothing was
elicited to shake the testimony of this witness on this point.
On re-examination by ➢lr. HILDYARD, Mr. Stovin could not affirm
that the number of passengers between Croydon and Epsom was
572,668, but it was a large figure, and certainly more than he con-
sidered to be the passenger traffic between the latter place and
London.

John Blewitt, a witness, replied that the .charge of 2%d. per mile
was a high one, but Mr. Hildyard, Q.C., showed that the charge was
of course in the power of the Company.
Mr. Locke, the engineer, stated, on the examination of Mr. HILL,
Q. C., that the line began at the 7th milestone of the South-Western
main line, went through Maldon and Ewell, and thence to Epsom. At
these places and at both the termini there would be stations ; but the
Company would be quite ready to put stations wherever they were
required by the wishes or convenience of the inhabitants. The Epsom
station would be 12 miles from Vauxhall and 1.4% from Waterloo-
bridge. The Company had a Bill before Parliament for an extension
to London-bridge, which would make the distance to that station
something more than 15 miles. He was not a farmer, but he was led
to believe that this railway, which passed through au agricultural
district, would be certainly instrumental in improving the
quality of the land. The direction of the railway would
be extremely usefill to the public, who could not be
served by: the South-Western Railway, and as the Company
intended to have a station at Battersea, there would be a great con-
venience to those who resided about the terminus of the Great
Western line. As it was intended to have another station for the
west, there would be the accommodation previously alluded to with
the Birmingham district. In his belief the advantages offered by this
branch to the carriage of live stock and minerals, were far superior
in the facilities of the termini. Other advantages were also offered
in the easiness of the gradients, the shortness of the line, and the
rapidity of the transit.—[Mr. Locke here put in a comparative sec-
tion of both lines.] The estimate for the works was 90,0001.,
which included a surplusage for contingencies of 11,3001. That
was for a double line of rail. The smallest radius was thirty-six
chains, one being at each end of the line, the rest being nearly
straight. The works might be completed Within twelve months, and
he would pledge his professional reputation on keeping his promise.
With respect to minerals, he was convinced that, generally speaking,
they could not be conveyed by the atmospheric appliance, and he felt
assured, after using every endeavour to get at the truth, that the
atmospheric apparatus never can compete with locomotives, his im-
pression being that the interest on the first outlay for an atmos-
pheric railway would pay all the expense of locomotive power. That
was his impression from the first, and he had seen no reason to
change the opinion; on the contrary, he was more confirmed in it.
The annual expense of locomotive power was 10d. a mile, which was
a gradual reduction of Id. per mile. Two years ago it was Is., and
in mineral districts the expense of locomotive power was as low
as Bd.

After some interruption from Mr. ALEXANDER, who conceived that
the examination was here out of the rules of evidence, it was decided
that Mr. Locke should proceed.

On further question, the witness proceeded to say that, from the
testimony of a person who had been sent to the Croydon line, and
from whose information he borrowed, that for wages and fuel alone,
on the 5 miles now in operation on the asmospheric principle, the cost
amounted to 21. 10s. per mile, which was three times that of the loco-
motive power. This included nothing for leakage, grease, repairs,
or any other of the incidental expenses.
At this point the room was cleared, and on the re-admission of the
public, •
Sir C. DOUGLAS stated that the Committee had decided that the
principle of atmospheric traction should not be entered into.

To kr. ALEXANDEVS cross-examination, Mr. Locke replied, that
the cost for land of 10,6721. was included in the gross estimate. At
present the real estimate for the gross returns of the line was
10,4001., the working expenses 4,7001., leaving a profit of 6,0001. • the
line was shorter and more direct than the line of 1844, and the in-
crease of the estimates of returns arose from the increase of traffic.
Indeed so had the business fipened that the facilities of the South-
Western Company for the public were about to be very largely de-
veloped, so that there were to be four lines of rail laid down to
Hungerford, and double accommodation was to be given to the junc-
tion with the Richmond branch at Battersea.

To the CHAIRMAN—Mr. Locke replied, that he believed that if there
were no other traffic than that of the race week alone itwould remu-
nerate for the outlay required for the construction of the railway,
and he thought it was a great hardship that the inhabitants of the
district had not sooner had a western terminus. There-were no
engineering difficulties, tunrwls, or other impediment whatever.

GEO P XXI.
LONDON AND OXFORD.

The Committee re-assembled this morning at the usual hour.
The promoters proceeded to call evidence in support of the Bill.
Mr. Grace, a large farmer at Wardrobe, and nine miles from Wy-
combe, on Lord Harry Vane's estate, spoke to the disadvantages
under which he and others laboured on account of the expense of tran-
sit to Uxbridge market, and the want of direct communication to
London and Oxford. On account of thlr expense he was compelled
to sell his produce in the Wycombe and Aylesbury markets at consi-
derable disadvantne, as Uxbridge was the best corn-market. The
railway would greatly reduce the expense of carriage to and from
London, would enhance the beech trade, improve the value of
the property in the districts through which it would pass,
and be of general advantage to the. inhabitants. In his own case, he
should save 7s. per acre ; others ss. per acre, or 25 per cent. on their
rents. Scuds 400 head of cattli of all kinds to London, at consider-
able expense, and with great injury to the animals, which he should
be able to avoid if the proposed railway were made.

Mr. John Clayton Morris was next called, and stated that he was
a poor-law valuator for the district of Cavan, having • uperintendence
to that respect over 210,00) acres. A vast number of coaches plied
between Cavan and Dublin, and this line would afford railway ac-
commodation to the counties of Derry, Tyrone, Donnegal, West
Meath, Cavan, Fermanagh, and Meath, as well as more direct com-
munication between other districts and the city of Dublin. This
line was far more preferable than the competing scheme.

. .
Mr. J. Guy, farmer, at Austin-Rowen, Northington, Oxfordshire,
said he was a tenant of Sir H Lambert. That he was fourteen miles
from the Great Western Railway, and that he had lost 1001. a year
since its construction. lie had to send to Henley-en-Thames, four-
teen miles distant, for manure. Neither the " spur" of the Great
Western from Maidenhead to Wycombe, nor the Uxbridge branch,
would be of much advantag3 to him. The proposed line would en-
able him to attend the London, Oxford, and Uxbridge markets more
frequently than he now did; and, besides, it would increase the
♦alue of preperty contiguous to it ss. per acre.

Their Lordships' Committee on the Dublin, Waterford, Wexford,
Wicklow, Sandymount, Euniskerry, and Carlow lines and branches
met to-day, at eleven o'clock. Present, I ord Auckland, Chairman;
Lord Kinnaird, Lord Sydney, Lord Rossie, and Lord Colville.
The expected business of this morning was to go into the case of
Lord Palmerston in opposition to the Waterford and Dublin line.
But it was understood, that his Lordship's opposition was withdrawn.
The opposition of Mr. Reid, which was to be entertained on Mon-
day, has (it is understood) been also withdrawn.

_ . . , _ ......-.-.....
The preambles of ,all the Bills were proved, and their Lordships
adjourned to eleven o'clock on Monday.

HOUSE OF COMMONS.
GROUP IX.

This Committee met to-day at twelve o'clock, Lord Worsley In the
chair. All the Members of the Committee present.
WEST OP SCOTLAND VNCTXON.

- -
Mr. Miller, civil engineer, called, and cress-examined in continua-
tion from yesterday. He had an alternative plan for crossing the
Clyde, if the Admiralty objected to the crossing of the river below
the present bridge. It was to cress the present bridge at an
elevation above the footpath, so as not to interfere with
the general traffic of the bridge. The piers of the bridge
were quite strong enough to bear the extra weight, as it
was one of the best structures in Scotland. This alteration
would make the crossings of the streets worse, and interfere more
with the street traffic than the other plan. The streets would also
have to be crossed more in the skew, and the spans would be almost
impracticable in two instances, being 220 feet each. In the tunnel
north ofßlythswood Holm there was a gradient of one in ninety, with
a curve of thirteen chains radius. The junction with the main line
was to be in tunnel, with a gradient of forty-two on the latter. He
was satisfied the estimates were quite ample enough.
The witness was cross-examined by Mr. FORSYTH, on the part of
the Glasgow and Greenock Railway, with the object of showing that
the southern portion of the scheme would take away the Greenock
line passenger station and the goods depot, and would interfere with
the proper working of their line. Witness admitted that a portion of
the passenger station would be gone through and the goods depot
touched, but he did not apprehend any. inconvenience ; and new
accommodation would be provided, without much interference with
the ordinary traffic.

GROUP XII.