The Sun.
London, England, 1846-11-17 00:00:00

OPENING OF THE TUNNEL AT
PENMAEN BACH.
(From the Carnarvon and Denbigh Herald.)
Our report of the festive celebration consequent upon
the opening of the railway tunnel through Penmaen
Bach will be perused with deep interest.
Next to the erection of a bridge over the Menai Straits,
that should be in every respect unobjectionable, the cut-
ting through the hard rock of a promontory, so formid-
able as Penmaen Bach, was considered to be the greatest
difficulty in the construction of the entire line. Yet now
—and, as will be seen, in less than half the time origin
ally contemplated as necessary—an opening has been
effected through the very heart of the hill.
Operations, thus successfully outstripping even the
quick march of ardent expectation and sanguine hope,
are deserving of marked encomium ; and, we feel as-
sured that neither the enterprising will that undertook
the task, the engineering mind that presided over the
operations necessary to effect it, nor the steady untiring
toil by which it has been accomplished, can be too
warmly eulogised. Contractor, engineers, and men, are
alike deservint of all praise.
The tunnel is a curve of about six hundred and thirty
yards in length, being the arc of a circle of half a mile in
radius. In other words its curve is between one-eighth
and one-ninth of a circle a mile across—its curvature is
therefore very gradual—in fact so gradual as to look like
a straight line when inspected in detail from within. The
span of the tunnel is ample, and its sides and roof are well
and finely hewn, so as to present. no unsightly ridges, or
suggest the least idea of danger. The stone is hard, solid
masonry of nature's own cementing—gigantic basaltic
blocks, the anhydrous fused result of the creative power
that has pervaded the bygode eternity : and their hard-
ness and intractability formed the prime difficulty in the
undertaking. This difficulty was much increased by the
impossibility of constructing shafts or openings from
above. None but lateral openings could be brought to
bear. Five openings, however, were drivLn side ways
into the hill, and when the workings had reached that
length which was deemed to indicate a junction with the
line of the tunnel, double sets of men were put on to
work away right and left. The result evinced the ac-
curacy of the observations that had been made ; and
practice showed the truth of the theory that guided it.
In all the parts the working proved correct, the different
gangs meeting without the slightest fault. Air and
daylight are now dancing in the bosom of the mountain,
holding their railway jubilee.
The completion of the work is going on with vigour,
for Mr. Cropper is not a man to rest too long upon his
oars ; and we trust that the period will not be remote at
which we shall have again the pleasing task of inspect-
ing the perforated hill to report the full completion of
;s tunnel.

TIIE SANATORY CONDITION OF WESTMINSTER
IMPORTANT NOTICE.—On Saturday a very importan
notice was issued by the churchwardens and governors
of the poor of the united parishes of St. Margaret and
St. John, Westminster, which will have a most salutary
effect in that most densely-populated part of West-
minster. The churchwardens state their intention of
strictly carrying out the provisions of an Act of Parlia-
ment passed in Auguit last, and they have appointed an
inspector for that purpose. The Act in question gives
the power to the churchwardens, upon the certificate of
two medical men that a nuisance by drains, cesspools,
or filth, which may be dangerous to the public health,
exists in any lane, court, street, alley, or dwelling-house
or building, to summon the parties before two of her
Majesty's justices of the peace, who, upon being satis-
fied of the existence of either of the above offences, have
authority to order the same to be removed, and the
dwelling, &c., to be whitewashed, cleansed, or theTh,s
nuisance abated in whatever way they may direct
is to be done within a time enacted by the justices, and
el_
if not completed in that period the magistratethecmaselves
.
power the persons laying the complaint, by
noreetdhfeuilr
cleansse r v a
inntgs ,
dtnon
e,
o enterr dtihree
tpi
nregra premises, ,r
eamn
nd v
ahlaov ef
aailll
thenuisanicnest;haisndactw
will
tbpe a rovidlieasbtlheattoanayoenneaolbtys,trourcltionig
them ,
and not less than 0/. for each offence. Ihe second sec-
tion of the Act empowers the magistrate to give an
order for all the costs aril expenses incurred in any
proceeding of the above nature, and upon non-payment
an order of distress is to be issued on the goods of the
owners or occupiers. When it is recollected the abodes
of filth and misery there are in the lowest parts of We,t-
minster, it will be seen what goad can be effected by a
vigilant prosecution of this Act. Other parishes would
do well to follow the example.
DEATH or LADY HAMILTON.—Her Ladyship died
at her residence in James-street, St. James-park, on
Friday last, at an advanced age. her health bad d,-
dined during the last two years, but her active mind
and cheerful disposition were the cause of her fsmily
being unprepared for the sorrowful event whieh
fisted a short illness. Lady Hamilton was the relict o
1 the late Colonel Sir Ralph Hamilton, of Olivestob,N. 8.,
and forvuerly of the 3cl Foot Guards.

PLYMOUTH, Nov. 14.—The Terrible, Captain Wil-
liam Ramsey, bearing the broad pennant of Sir James
John Gordon Bremer, came in here yesterday morning
from Lisbon. Left the Tagus at 9 in the evening of
Sunday last, the Bth inst. The Marquis of Chandos,
who has had a three months' cruise in her, landed on
iweensaancr47(TCY'S`tipaeii3ttiMair leaTlifiklY.AftkitStiCa,T;
or 70 invalids from the squadron. She is spoken of in
very high terms, and would probably have made the pas-
sage from Lisbon to Plymouth in 72 hours but for an
accidental fracture of the entablature of her larboard
engine, in the Bay of Biscay, just after passing Cape
Fiuisterre. When under canvass with the feet she
beat the Queen, Rodney, Albion, and other sailing ships,
and was excelled only by the Trafalgar and Superb.
The Confiance steamer, Mr. Jagoe master, has taken
from the Terrible all the supernumerary marines belong-
ing to the Stonehouse division. The Terrible goes from
,this port to Woolwich, where, and at Portsmouth, she
will land the marines attached to the divisions stationed
at those places.
Her Majesty's screw •steamer Encounter, without ma-
chinery, and under canvass, in charge of Mr. Davey,
Assistant-Master-Attendant, left Pembroke Dockyard
the same day as her Majesty's sloop Mariner, 16, in
charge of Mr. Mills, Assistant-Master-Attendant, and
arrived here three days before her. The sloop is a
.sharp-bottomed vessel, built according to the plan of
'Captain Symonds. The steamer is built for the recep-
tion of machinery, wall-sided, and fiat-bottomed, but
.sharp at the bow. If any weight is to be attached to
this trial, it completely explodes the pre- conceived notion
,of sharp buttoms and swift sailing. The Mariner is
bound to this dockyard. The Encounter is gone up
'Channel.
WOOLWICH, Nov. 14.—The Amphion, 36-gun frigate,
Captain Williams, is to be taken into dock before finally
leaving this port.
The Sidon .steam-frigate, Captain Henderson, C. 8., is
taking her coals on board, and is expected to leave next
week for Portsmouth.
The Geyser steam -vessel, Commander Brown, will
leave Woolwich about the 20th inst. fur the East Indies.
She is to be supplied with a 10-feet gun of 75cwt. on her
main deck.
The Grappler steam: vessel, Lieutenant Lysaght, ap-
pointed to her, vice Hawker promoted, was undocked on
Monday, and is ready for sea. It is expected she will
sail for the coast of Africa in a day or two.
The Lightning, Mr. Petley, Master-Commander, left
on Wednesday, for Sheerness, to bring up a receiving-
; ship to this port.
is appointed Superm-
untaiennStiratEtte,aArddPmairraryl,,y,Controller of the Steam
Captain
!potenrrt .eafiVc!!oyal Clarence Victualling-yard at Goa-
Rear-Admiral Francis Beaufort is to retain the office
of Hydrographer at the Admiralty, as his promotion
will not deprive the Admiralty of his valuable services.
Colonel Mercer, of the Royal Marines, will take the
command of the Plymouth divi-i '
on, and Colonel Aslet,
at present atPlymouth, the command of the Portsmouth
division.
Her Majesty's steam-vessel Teazer, fitted with a
screw propeller, was again tried down the river yester-
day (Friday), previously to her being delivered over to
the Government by the contractors. The result was by
no means satisfactory, and a further trial will be made in

a few days.
Vessels in the Harbour—William and Mary yacht ;
Black Eagle, Grapple, and Plover steam-vessels ; and
Amphion and Sidon steam-frigates.
In the Basin—Geyser, Medea, Rosamond, Fearless,
Dwarf Tartarus, Ariel, and Monkey steam-vessels.
It; the Dock—Vixen steam vessel.
In alluding to the excellence of thei
Y
sea-going vessel, it was inadvertently
Wstaat teedr Lthilayt atshae
w
Ripon steam-vessel, which encoutteilaredthtehelatiatemrevgesasleel
was driven on shore at Torbay,,
only ran in there for shelter.

Nan z7.-seiAbnuatr;
dined man is bad,
child is worst, and a hardened English child
hardened
ll—
to an Englishman ; especially when his
worst (.)1
ENGLISH
Cjinity: nirrEnnedCroTin
Ilere has been a party of such. Never did I hear the
pride is humbled by meeting the exhibition abroad.
.‘ I can't bear this !" and " I won't eat that !" style of
table-talk in such vivacity—never such sharp cries for
fish sauce—such clamourings for a third glass of cham-
pagne—such eagerness to be helped first—though I have
sat with some renowned epicures at table. They were
two boys and a girl ; the eldest not fourteen. Their
parents were by, and a governess. " Heaven help them"'
said Ito myselt, " what will they grow up into ?" The:
sight of their snatchings and their scramblings, and their
hard, knowing faces, might well spoil the dinner of
cross old bachelor. If this comes of parents travelling,
and keeping their children with them, better for health,
is wpaesrileonudsurae
nnoeueght,o
tbuet pprraeodtiigseiodu. s Psreodnsingiarlit;
heart, and hopefulness, Do-the-Boys Hall I for there
'.
agwteoulriesuaess. I
was utterly downcast to see those children
t
They make my one blot on the Hague. People's
Journal.

Mn. BRIGHT, 1\1.P., IND THE REPRESENTATION
OF ISILNCHESTER.—A meeting of the Liberal electors ot.
Manchester,i convened by the Manchester Reform Assoo
elation, s to be held in the Free-trade Hall, on ths.
evening of Wednesday next, at seven o'clock, "for thcs
purpose of receiving Mr. Bright's answer to the invi.,
tation of this .Issociatien. to allow himself to be nomim
uated as a candidate for the representation
.of dug
borough, at the next election." The admission is to be'
by cards.