The Sun.
London, England, 1846-09-30 00:00:00

AMERICAN NEWS.

(EXPRESS FRO NI LIVERPOOL.)
LATER FROM THE UNITED STATES
AND MEXICO.
(FROM OUR CORRESPONDENT.)

LIVERPOOL, WEDNESDAY, Six O'CLOCK, A.M.

Shortly after four o'clock this morning the boom-
ing noise of cannon announced the approach of the
royal mail steam-ship Britannia, Captain Hewitt ;
she sailed from Boston on the Ist, and Halifax on
the 3], and has therefore made a fair average pas-
sage, bringing 50 passengers, and the semi-monthly
mails from Canada and the United States. The
steam-ship Cambria, which sailed front Liverpool on
the 4th instant, had not reached Boston when the
Britannia sailed.

The news by this arrival is ten days later than that
previously received. The Courier and Enquirer of
the 15th instant says :
In political matters there is little variation since our
last paper. The rumour which has reached us by the
way of Jamaica of the capture of Monterey, in Cali-
fornia, by the American squadron, and which was hardly
credited, has since been confirmed. The proclamation
of Commodore Sloat, commanding the American naval
forces in the Pacific, dated 6th of July, has been re-
ceived. On that day he entered the harbour of Mon-
terey, and in his proclamation cal:ed on the Califor-
nians to remain tranquil, assuring them that he came as
a friend to the people, and that California was destined
to form part and parcel of the great Federal Union.
Several weeks ago, the Lexington store ship wiled from
this port for California with stores, ammunition, and
cannon, and having on board a company of United
States Artillery—in order to aid in the permanent esta-
blishment of the authority and jurisdiction of the United
States in that region. A regiment, 800 strong, will embark
here to-morrow with the same destination, in three
large transports, now lying off Governor's Island, in this
harbour, where the California regiment is encamped.
This corps is abundantly supplied with all the materiel
for constructing and arming fortifications, and is alto-
gether a very efficient force, so that it is obvious that the
permanent possession of Upper California has been one
of the objects aimed at from the commencement of hos-
tilities, and which is not, under any circumstances, likely
to be relinquished.
The operations on the coast of the gulf of Mexico
have been inactive. The return of Santa Anna to
Mexico may or may not promote a pacific arrangement
with the United States. Overtures to such an end have
been transmitted to him from the President of the
United States through Commodore Connor' command-
ing the gulf squadron. Santa Anna reached Vera Cruz
on the 16th of August, and was received with open
arms. We have no account yet of his having reached
the city of Mexico, but everything there was ready for
Isis cordial reception. The l.ttest dates from Vera Crt:z
are of the 29 h ult. At that time the dispatches of the
President for Commodore Connor had been received,
and communication was immediately had with Vera
Cruz by means of a flag. What the nature of the pro-
positions of this Governo3eet is, or what the reception
they are likely to meet with from Santa Anna, is, as
yet, mere conjecture. The United States brig of war
Truxton was lost on a shoal off Tuppan, about 120
miles north Vera Cruz, on 14th ul*. Her commander,
Captain Carpender, with the majority of his officers and
crew, surrendered themselves prisoners to the Mexicans.
Lieutenant Hunter, one other licutenant, and 14 men,
escaped to the squadron in a small Mexican schoonei,
which they captured with one of the boats of the
Truxton.
Meantime the war on the Rio Grande languishes—
the season and the want of sufficient waggon trains alike
forbidding active operations. The next accounts, how-
ever, from Camargo will probably communicate news of
the first forward movements of the invading columns that
are to penetrate the interior.
General Kearney was at the last dates, 3d ultimo, ad-
vancing rapidly from Bent's Fort upon Santa F.'. Ilis
force of 1,500 men was almost too large for his supplies
and for the rapidity of his movements—and more than
enough to overcome any resistance he was likely to
meet with on the march or on reaching Santa Fe. He
was husbanding his resources, and had put his men on
half rations.

One of the marking events of the last fortnight is
the return of Mr. .Ik.l.Lane, late Minister to London,
and the reply which he made to a congratulatory ad-
dress of the Chamber of Commerce of this city. The
address and reply will be found in this paper, and
therefore we abstain from comment other than to say,
that the kind things uttered in the British Parliament
about Mr. M`Lane and his good agency in bringing the
Oregon negotiation to a fortunate and satisfactory ter-
mination have not, as both the address of the President
of the New York Chamber of Commerce and the reply
of Mr. M‘Lane will testify—fallen upon barren ground.
Mr. M'Lane is to be entertained by the merchants and
citizens of New York, at a public dinner, as soon RS the

G, SEPTEMBE 1tr,09

oelting state of tl.e atmesph(Te shall give place to
~ttt tl tonal freshness.

The state of our money market if not easy, tt least
tranquil. There is a large amount of capital waiting 1
c!lance of crmtinucd war or speedy peace. At pre-
-e::t S;afts Six per Cant. Stocks can bc sold at
rom 104 to 105 ptr cunt., yet eont7nets fur th,: delivery
•f this stark at a future period, or from six to twelv(,
nonths, at 102, at the option of the seller are making
Ibis indicates the general persuasion, that if the war
continued, the Government would come into the
market for a considerable loan, which would of course
hive a tendency to depress the present price of United
States Stocks. On the other band, should the prospect
,)t- speedy peace be increased, stocks would rise. Bat in
illy event it seems the general opinion that the Govern-
:nent will need more money than it yet has raised.
['here can be no new loan, however, without authority
of Congress, unless indeed—which does not seem pro-
-s:able—the Secretary of the Treasury, instead of issuirg
n Treasury notes, the whole amount authorised to b:,
'lorrowed by the Act of July last, shall resort to a loan
•or a part thereof. The convenience of the 'Treasury
notes, however, is so great and within a reasonable
itnumt, their currency at par is so certain, that it is nut
probable any loan will be att. mpted.
A considerable amount of these notes have made chi it
,ppearance here, within a few days from New Orleans,
A here, owing to some demur on-the part of the collector
:o receive them in payment for duties to the United
States—as upon the face of the notes themselves they
are made receivable—they fail to a discount of from 2
to 4 per cent. ; they were eagerly bought at that for a
remittance to the north ; and as they are received here,
is indeed they are now at New Orleans, by the Custom-
house, they are at par.
The Cotton crop of this year, it is quite safe to say,
is of less promise than that of the last, which fell short
,if that of the preceding year about 352,000 bales.
ft is, however, too early in the season to speak posi-
tively, or even approximatively, of the yield of the
growing crop ; hut there are some facts that are cer-
tain—first, that the season is unusually backward, so
that, according to the New Or:euns Price Current of
the sth instant, only 140 bales of the growth of the pre-
sent year had been received there at that date, against
6,846 btles last year, and 5,720 of the year previous, IA
the same period ; secondly, the caterpillar and army
worm had made their appearance in extensive
districts ; and although the ravages of the for-
mer had in part been checked by heavy rains, which
beat them to the ground and washed them off in the
floods, considerable mischief was done. Yet, with all
these drawbacks, if the picking season shall be favour-
able and killing frosts late, an average crop may be ga-
thered. As to prices, there can hardly be said to be any
regular market at the present time.. The accounts by
the Britannia were depressing, and their influence is
still felt.

We have already spoken of the abundance of the
present harvests. The estimates, made with some care
by the Bureau at Washington charged with collecting
such statistics, present these results for the crops of
1845—which those of the present year will, it is on all
hands admitted, exceed:—

Wheat, 1061 mil. bushels ; Oats, 1631 mil.; Rye, 27
mil.; Barley, 5 1-6 mil.; Buck Wheat, 10/ mil.; Indian
Corn, 4171 mil.
The estimated population at present of these United
States is about 20,000,000, and they cannot consume by
many tens of millions the bread stuffs they produce.
There is a large surplus, and it will be annually larger,
for other lands ; and now that the permanent policy of
Great Britain is declared to be the free importation of
corn, there will be an increased quantity raised for the
chance of that market, on our inexhaustible soil, and at
diminished prices.
Exchanges on Europe are well sustained. The prices
on London are from 91 to 9 ; on Paris, 5,271 lo 30f. ;
Amsterdam, 391 to 39} ; Ilanaburgh, C. 51 to 3G- ; 13re-
men, 784 to 79.
The Stock Market was rather heavy this morning, and
prices had a downward tendency.
Exchange steady at our quotations.
Cotton—There has been a little more activity in the
market, and prices are a little firmer.
Flour—Western Canal is in good demand at 4 dol.
681- a 4 dol. 75; Common Southern 4 dol. 50 a 4 dol. 75.
Ashes firm and in good demand.
Mr. Bancroft, who has been compelled to retire
from the navy in consequence of ill health, has been
appointed Minister to England, in the room of Mr.
M'Lane, returned from the United States.

The New York Sun contains an account of a seri-
ous riot among the Irish volunteers. The following
is the news alluded to :

WASHINGTON, MONDAY NIGHT.—The steamship
M`Kini, Capt. Page, arrived on the sth instant at New
Orleans, from Brazos Santiago, which place she lett on
the 2d instant. She brought several sick volunteers arid
some discharge d soldiers. Colonel Hays, with his
rangers, had been heard from. They had scoured the
country and returned to Camargo, without doing
anything of note. Most of the army remained
at Camargo. A great riot among a company of
Irish volunteers, and some others, took place on
the night of the 31st, at an encampment opposite
I3urita. Guns were fired, and fifteen or twenty men
are reporttd to have been killed or wounded. Besides
the killed or wounded seen or shown, eight or ten art
said to have been pushed from a steam-boat (lying by
the shore) overboard, and were drowned. The Colonel
of the Georgia regiment gallantly attempted, with
sword and pistols in hand, to quell the riot. He shot
down one man and wounded several others.

Colonel Baker, of the: 4th Regiment Illinois Volun-
teers, repaired to the scene, and ordered two of his com-
panies, A and C, to assist in quelling the fight, and went
in person with twenty chosen men to the steam-boat.
He commanded peace as soon as he got on board, bqt
was attacked by the rioters and had a desperate con•
filet, in which he defended himself bravely for some
time against swords, bayonets, and shot, but was final!)
shot in the neck ; the ball entered behind, passing cut
through his cheek or mouth.
Of the twenty men who accompanied Colonel Baker
eight were wounded, six with bayonets and two with
balls. On the arrival of companies A and G, Captain
Roberts, of the former, ordered his men to charge oh
board, and led them to the steps, where he recei%ed
severe wound from a bayonet, which entered near the
shoulder blade and passed through his back. The boat
was so well defendnd by the rioters, that the Illinoisians
had to retreat, not having cartridges with them. Am-
munition was soon furnished them, however, and on
again approaching the boat everything was quiet. No
one of the Illinois volunteers was killed, and it was
thought next morning that Baker and Roberts would
recover of their wounds. It was feared two privates in,
company C were mortally wounded.
The rioters were finally subdued, forced to surrender
their arms, and placed under a strong guard, preparatory
to trial by court martial.
Alexander J. Seahorn, Illinois Troops, Company A,
died on board the M'Kim. Several others on the same
vessel were nearly dead.
Forty miles above Reynosa, on the 21st August, the
steamboat Enterprise burst her boiler and blew up; five
persons were killed instantly and several wounded.
Killed—Enoch Tucker; A. BoAnell, of Tennessee; Mr.
Scups, of Texas; 1 homes Ganfrey, of New York; a cook
and a stranger, names unknown.
Badly wounded—Lieutenant Dearing, of Louisville
Legion; Wm. A. Crook, and C. B. Crook, Tennessee;
Captain Woods, William Grey, Jacob Bouridge, and
Thomas E tgle, of Texas; J. C. Howard, Sutler, of Bal.
timore; Joseph Gregsby and Mr. ileekery, Sutlers, of
Louisville Legions; Talor, the Pilot; Thomas IL-toper,
Samuel Martin, Pt:trick Kelley, Frank and Pallacot,
deck hands, and J. E. Crank, the mate. Thirteen sli;.;htl)
wounded. On the 28th ult., Lieut. Dearing was out of
danger. Pattiek Kelly was out of his senses, and would
probably die.
The First Brigade from Camargo left on the 19th, in
the direction of Monterey, under Gen. Worth. Three
steamboats arrived at Camargo 21st ult., with M. M. 0.
Butler, Gen. Shields, and several Colonels and Majors.
Col. Harney marched from San Antonio (Texas) 23d,
with 120 United States Dragoons, 500 mounted Texians,
and 18 Delawares, for Monclavo, Mexico. This two.
nished Gen. Taylor. who does not like Harney's moving
in advance of Wool.

Gen. Twiggs, with 2d Dragoons, Light Artillery, and
the batteries of Captains Taylor and Rid filet', arrived at
Camargo, Aug. 22.
The Ist and 2d Regiments of the Ohio Volunte( rs,
6 companies of Louisville Legion and the Baltimore.
battalion arrived at Camargo on the 22d. They suf-
fered much for the want of water, but stood the fatigues
of the march pretty well. One of them died on the way
np from Matamoros. General Worth established his
first rig pit at Seralvo. lle will then go on and establish
acother half-way between that place and Monterey.
The steemer Rough and Ready arrived at Camargo
with Colonel Croghan, Inspector-General, and other
officers on board.
The news of the revo!ution in Santa Anna's favour
reached General Taylor's camp on the 27th, and created
a great sensation. No one knew what to think of it.
A letter dated Camargo, 20th ult., says General
Taylor would leave Sept. 5, for Monterey.

NEW 'YORK MONEY MARKET, SZPT. 2.
SALES AT THE STOCK ENCHANGE.

$7,800 Ohio 6's.
101)00 United States 6's s6m 102
UlOO Kentucky 6's 9B}
10,500 State s's —
8,000 Penn. s's
6,000 Reading Bonds
5,000 d0....
36 shs Manhattan Bank 94
5 do. Inc Commerce •.. 94
200 do. Far. Loan q3 24
5 do. N.A. Trust OA
50 do, Reading b3 64i
50 do. Canton Co. slO 314
25 do. Mohawk 5l
50 shs. Harlem
100 do. Nor and Wor s 3 57i
25 do. Eric s6m 80
50 do. Long Island s 6 31
16 do. N. Jersey
10 do. AttlA and loch 9B
SECOND BOARD.

.....-. 6Gi

500 shs Harlem
50 do. Nor and \%or ............ snw 574
100 shs Reading bl 5 64

SWEARING IN OF THE NEW SHERIFFS AT WEST-
MINSTER.—This being the day appointed for the swear-
ing in of the new sheriffs ( Mr. Alderman Challis and
Mr. Kennard), at the Court of Exchequer. et West-
minster, the two Sheriffs, with their respective com-
panies, and the various civic authorities, proceeded in
state from Guildhall to Blackfriars-bridge, embarked on
board the City barges, and were conveyed to West-
minster. They then proceeded to the-Exchequer Court,
and, after the usual formalities, were sworn into office.
In the evening the whole of the company will partake of
a sumptuous entertainment given by the Sheriffs.

1848.

MIDDLESEX SESSIONS.
(THIS DIY.)
(Bef;)re Mr. Sf.rgeant AnAms,)

Africk licod, aged 50, was indicted for sOaling
ipine. of L'ad and a quantity of gas-fil-iings, the pro-
,-„
p. of Charles Haoher. Tile prisoner was employed
.As, plumber in a house in Marylehone-lane, and sold
the properry in question at a marine ,to:e slip. On its
ile'rig exposed for sale the proecator recognised it, and
the marine store dealer identified the prisoner as the
man of whom he made the purchase. Several witnesses
were called, all of whom gave him an excellent charac-
ter, having known him for many years. .He was found
Guilty, and on account of his former good character
sentenced to only one month's imprisonment.
Martha Howard, for stealing Subs. weight of mutton
from a butcher's shop, was sentenced to six weeks' im
prisonment.