The Sun.
London, England, 1848-01-26 00:00:00

LONDON, WEDNESDAY E VENE G

LOANS ON MORTGAGE.
THE LONDON, BRIGHTON, and SOUTH
COAST RAILWAY COMPANY will receive TENDERS
for LOANS on Mert.:nge Bonds, In 611111 S of 504)/. and npwArds, and fin'
terms not eICCNi:II? FeTell years. Interest at o per cent. per minim,
paynt,N, halt. ye.liy.
By order,
London Tartninu,;, .Tan. 17, 11148

T. J. BUCILTON, Seeretttry.

_RAISING WATER discovered by the FOUN-
TAIN rumrs, which roll the water apwarde, without
either frieti,n or falteriovz, therefore in never he surpota.ed ; eonee-
eiesitYy rhi to the moot important dt,cevery ever made ter the pre-
si.rrzition of llle awl property either at Sea er on Laid.

AT SEA
numerous fdi ipi it has Already saved, and the captains gratetally tic-
k:it...lsle-4gs the glorious results. Two te,stimoulal extracts shall
mat, :

" Csptaln Greig, from Qnebee to London, ;dittos that the Fountain
Pump betrer fitted in the Caroline, its great power was the means of
saving the ship AM I 230 o ule on hoard, two smuts In the bottom
holm( partly left with mt calking."
" The Arcot, brig, from Cadiz, sprung a leak when three days eat
at se l, and souti after her common pump chinked and became use-
le4a. Captain Itutli.?rford staters all ikon depended upon her Fenn-
tain rump, which fur nineteen days and eighteen nights was in no-
tion withou• a iii.tisite's respite, when all arrived safely In London,
with a thank God ler the Fountain Primp."

ON LAND
the New Portable Fire-engines are of Infinitely better service than a
fire brigade. They net Instantaneously at tar outbreak of a fire.
6 4 We are delighted with the invention—lt Is a great boon ti so-
clety."—Filitors Liverpool Mail.
The New Portah'e Fire-engines have preserved a large portion of
Norwich from destruction, for out of eighteen dim rent properties on
tire In and near the city, they saved eleven ,olely and seven mainly,
Including In the seven the Qneen's Cavalry Barracks ; and In the
eleven, Messrs. fierten's dyery, and 12,6P0/. worth of consigned pro-
perty ; Stoke ?litigant, starch, tval flour trills, and Messrs. Butcher's
grocery warehouses, just in time to prevent a large quantity of gun-
powder therein from exploding, which mast have spread &mind de-
straci!on and death. _ .

" North 11'aistrim.—At this lire the Portable Engine was of great
service, and by having one of their ready, there is no doubt bat half
the property mow
.destroyed might have been saved."—NorfolkChre-
Mete, Angitst 22, 1546.
At a Norwich ore June t, 1547, the two Portable Engines were
the pets of the public. The cry was, feel the little engines and they
will do the work, whleh proved true. The four large engines preeeat
preyed uneloe/s.
Portable Engines speedily prove steam-boilers to a dose* attao-
aphei es.
Now the net is this, all former Force Pumps, Lift-force Pumps,
Lift rtut,l, end Chain Pumps are bad machines: they rub, grub, and
scrape the water up e anis by friction, which wastes two-fifthe of the
power used, and progressively falter by leakage, which Dn. Tering
and Button, with many ether eminent experimenters. lamented
thus -'ghee quantity or water actually raised by any machine seldom
()fem.'s half the tower consumed, after overcoming friction and
ie10,31,1: and nntwith;tanding the best engineers in the world had
tried in vain for two thousand years to abate these palpable defects
In hydraulic machines, nevertheless, at last the victory is woe, and
won for ever ; for friction and leakage are now hoth annihilated by
the new rellinv, principle in pimps, and their effect augmented from
twelve to twenty (er about seventy per cent.), and frequently with-
out mere outlay.
Most mew can sustain heavy rapid pump trials for 40 seconds, but
some risen drop at minute time. With a best new heavy working Fric-
tion ramp an selve sound-winded young rose of 140 ihn. weight eau
raise 10,000 lbs. of water one foot high in a miaate, and with a Foun-
tain I'esnp 9,000 hrs. in half a minute. Thus a continue' and meet
extra,riinary lucrative advantage is gained over perpetual and uni-
versal ignorance, clearly proving that Knowledge is Power.
dohs Cleaton Roberts, Eel., in his popular work, No. 1,1111, did
well in placing (lessees French Pump Abortion (that slaps the water
upward) side by side with the Fountain Pump, which upset a good
deal of lolly. Because Mr. Mellett, Dnidin, a thorough-bred pump-
maker, Mr. Itaddley, London, an everlasting pump-writer, and Mr.
Lwbauk, America, all ignorant pump book-maker, asserted that the
two pumps were identical. But the Yankee out-fooled John Bull
and Paddy in Ne. 1,183, and in No. 496, Book-maker Ilillington's
remarks are preposterous. However, on the ether hand, 1)r. Birk-
heck, Aberdour, Ilay, Parkington, with many other discerning men,
after witnessing the perfect effect and the beautiful simplicity of the
rolling principle, gave the invention the following true and sustain.
able character:—The Fountain Pump is the roast important improve-
ment in the art of raising water that has appeared within the last two
thousand years—the greatest advaacentent la the useful arts in
modern times.
The Consummation Fountain Pumps are sueeessfully carried out
for private and public uses, at lifts below and above 100 feet altitude,
for man, horse, and steara power ; delivering from half a pint per
stroLe to 100 barrels of water per rainate, nod rendering every fair
trial at competitiois ridiculous, whilst their durability is guaranteed
at loss cat thaw ooranen pumps.

W. SIIALDE/411.

Fotatsla rump Works, Wet/rich, Nos% 30, 1847.
See Mechanic's Magazine, Nos. 231*, 364, 383, 429, 41111, 433,
482, 486, 487, 489, 492, 496, 496, 808, 509, 810. 525, 533, 658*,
727, 804, 1,040, I,llo*, 1,183. Nos. Illustrated are marked thus*

PATENT RAMONEUR ASSOCIATION
(Provitti•nally Registered.)
COUNTIES ef SURREY anti KENT.

Capital, 90,0051. is MOS. Shares if 21. eaeh. Deposit, 11. per Share
on complete registration.
No Sulker call will be made without three menthe' previous
uetlee. The liabilities of each shareholder limited to the antotint
subscribed for.
The PATENT EAMONEUR MACHINE is exclusively used in
the offices of the Right lion. the Lords of the Treasury, the Royal
Agricultural Society, the Royal Horticultural society ; the Royal
Exchange-bulldlngs, &c. The objects of the promoters are ap-
proved by
'the Moat Noble the Marquis of NORTHAMPTON, President of the

Royal Society.
The Right Hon. Earl DR GREY, Jr n , PrciAdWlL or the Royal In-
stitute of liriLl6l,l Architects.
Sir ROI)ERICK I. MURCHISON, President of the Billfish isnocia-
Con for the Advancement of Science.
The Right Rev. the Lord Bishop The Right Rer. the Lord Bishop
of Norwich of Lichfield
Cho Right lion. the Earl of Lell-;The Moat .Noble the Morqnis of
comer I Bristol
rh m t.orll Rendlesham, M.P. IThe Hon. end Rey. Thomas R.
The Right Rev. the Lord Bishop' Keppel
of Gloucester and Bristol The lion. Fred. Byng
File lion, and Rev. Edwardi •.IThe Rev. Sir Themes Gray Cal-
K eppel Jun, Bart.
Tlrnil or dYd con w imam Foster, tsart.
Inlnmter. Dr. Iln,klntiol Sir Robert Harland, Bart.
Me Venerable Archdeacon blbir-ISir Francis Darwin

ley
4r John P. Katlean, Kart.

The Norwich Union Fire Office
Me SOTOIk Fire Office

Sir Richard Peel Joddrell, Bart. The District Fire Office of !lir-
Dr. Outran], F.lt.s., r.G.s., In,. nainghara
speetor of Naval Hospitals iThe Norwich Equitable Insaraace
Right lion. Earl i itzhardinge Office
11k (traee the Duke of Beaufort The Nottinghamshire and Derby-
:llll4i S. Miles, Esq., M.P, shire Fire Drees
Right Ilea F. 11. F. Berkeley,,The West et England Fire Ofdoe,
Nl.l'. 1 &c
W. M.les, Esq.,
The ()him of this Association is totally to abolish the use if
rlittibinglxiys, who, notwithstanding the penalties to which those
employing them are subjeoted by the Sit and 4th Victoria, cap. 55,
are continually reseitesi to. This breach of the law is aeqniesced in
by a large portion of the public, from a conviction if the utter irn-
po,Oility In innumerable crises of cleansing a chimney er flue with
the old machine. For the laudable purpose of furthering the objects
of the law by avoiding all neceseity for its infringement, the inge-
Moue and effective Ratneneur machine has been invented. Thin
Inventlen consists of four brushes finning a square head, which
by means sof elastic springs contracts •r expands, accenting to
the small or extended epaoe to which the machine moues, thereby
creating an even pressure on all four Melee of a chimney. The
rods attached to this head or brush are supplied at intervals with
universal spring joints, capable of turning even a right angle
and the whole is Rarmoußted with a double revolving ball, having
also a universal spring joint, which leads the brush with certainty
past every angle, and into every corner, cleansing its mate most
perfectly. The eapabilitien of this machine aro best deinionstrated
by the fact, that it is exclusively used in the Government and
*unscrews public offices, while the patronage bestowed by a large
number if the nobility and gentry is continuing their animal con-
trasts to the patentees evidences their settee of its superiority, as well
se of the philanthropic views of the pr ejectors. Detailed prespectuses
may be obtained, awl a working' model of the machine seen, at the
Mikes of the solicitor, If, Dolman, Esq., a, Jermyn-street, Ct
Jamie's; at Messrs. Ttarry and Co.'s, brokers, 7, Birchin-lane ; at
'W. Reath, Esq.'s, Nag's Heat-court, Gracechurch-street ; and at the
principal ernes, 1, Wellington-street, London-bridge, lorough, where
applications for shares 'Amy be addressed.

THE AMERICAN METALLIC TABLET
sTROP, of U. SAUNDERS, is used and recommended by
the liret cutlers in Europe, and they are convinced that the Tablet
make• the nizor shave with more ease than by any other method.
Gentlemen are requested to bring in a dull razor and try them before
they purchase. For sale at the Depot, 278, Straid.

NO. 4, LEADENHALL-STREET, near the
India House.
M ost people complain that shaving's a bore ;
E itch day's painful scrape only chafes an old sore :
C hoase the cutler who stands at the head of the trade ;
II alt the battl depends on a well-tempered blade.
I n the front of these lines his name is displayed.
MECIII'S .AZOlt. and MAGIC PASTE are renowed throughout
the world. The most recherche Stock of Papier Mache articles,
Dressing Cases, Work Boxes, Tea Trays, Writing Desks, &c., in
London. Everything for the Toilet and Work Table. Mechl's
famous Bagatelle Tables afford a charming amusement for winter
evening's.

DIAMOND OIL LAMP.-NEW LIGHT.
The Diamond Lamp is the best light in the world—is used in
all the palaces in Europe,—is free from all the imperfections of ordi-
nary oil lamps—so simple it cannot be mismanaged—no cleaning re_
quired for years —colts less in burning than any common oil lamp—
gives double the light of candle lamps, at one-half the expense—this
is beyond doubt. Designs suited to every taste—the Diamond Lamp
is perfection in Light—the public will have none other—it can be
fitted to any person's lamp pillar.
To be had only at the Establishment of the Metropolitan Light
Company, RICHARD CLARK, Resident Manager, 447, West Strand.

BitrrisiT COLLEGE OF HEALTH,-New•
road, London.—The following Is a list of the AGENTS for
the sale of MORISON'S VEGETABLE UNIVERSAL MEDICINE,
In London and its vicinity :-
368, Strand—The Ilygeist-office.
65, Quadrant, Regent-street—Mr. Field.
h 3, Cambrllge-street, Edgeware-road—Mrs. Good.
Bark-place, Alile•end•road—Mr. Lofts.
S 4, Lombard-street, Conlinll—Mr. Chappel.
(3, Oxford-street—Dietrichsen and Hannay, perfumers.
20, New-road, St. George's-in-the-East—Mr. J. KAMM
15S, Watling-street—Mrs. E. Dare.
33; Great Tower-street—Mr. Baldwin.
124. Strand—Mr. E. Griffin, perfumer.
5, Townsend-street, Old Kent road—Mrs. Fouls..
124, Tottenham-court-road—Mrs. Boucher.
Walham-green—Mrs. Merchant.
Brentford (Post-office) —Mr. Norhury.
CI wham—Mr. Batten's Library.
53, Great Chart-street, Nast-road, litoxton—Mr. H. Langley.
Cornhill —Mr. It. ,Johnstone, perfumer, &o.
53, High Holton—Mr. William Hallett.
Randolph-street Camden-town (Post-offiee)—Mr. J. Fasts.
I)opttord —Mr. l'orritt, bookseller.
Staines Mrs. Norris's Library.
No chemist or druggist is authorised to sell this medicine.

Illustrated by 26 Anatomical Coloured Engravings on steel.
3N PHYSICAL DISQUALICATIONS, GENERA'I7II" E INCAI A-
CITY, lAND IMPEDIMENTS TO M.kitRIAGE.
Nese Edition, enlarged to 196 pages. Just published, price 2s. 6d., or
I,y post, direct from the Establishment, 3s. 6d. in postage etanspe,
.P 1 SILENT FRIEND, a Medical Work on
le Infirmities awl decay of the generative system, Nom ex-
cessive indulgence, infection, and the in,,rdinate use of mercury,
with remarks on Marriage, and the means of obviating certain dis-
qualifications. Illustrated by 26 Coloured Engravings. Py It. and
L. PERRY CO.,'and l9, Butlers-street, Oxford-street, London.
Published by the Authors : sold by Strange, 21, Patornoster-row ;
Hannay, 63, and Sanger, 150, Oxford-street ; Starie, 23, Titehborne-
-trect, Haymarket ; anti Gordon, 146, Leadonhall. street.
Ps wr I. treats of the anatomy and physiolog; •f the re-preductive
organs, and Is illustrated by Six Coloured Enwarings.
,I;caen'r*,l,
dI .
their
rt ct seenleucetist coens rtel,seolstyl ns
system,
p reo(xicuecsisnigvtletnl ut -
lsantietrhitea
IURI bodily weakness, nervous excitement, and generative incapacity.
It is illustrated by Three Explanatory Engravings.
PART 111. Treats of the diseases resulting from infection, either in
the printery or secondary form, and contains explicit directions for
their treatment. The consequences of early neglect and of the abase
et mercnry, are also clearly pointed eat. This section IS illustrated
by Seventeen Coloured Engravings.
Parer IV. Treats of Perry's Preventative Lotion, by the use of
which the dangers of infection are obviated. It combines with the
virus chemically, mid destroys its power on the system.
PART T. Is devoted to the consideration of marriage, and Its
1nt1.,. The causes of unproductive union, are also considered, and
the whole subject critically and philosophically inquired into.
Tilt CORDIAL OALM OF STRIACUM is exclusively employed IR treat-
ing i voila and sexnal debility, impotence, &c., 11s .and 335. per
bottle. The Concentrated Detersive Essence, an anti-syphilitic
remedy, for purifying the blood in cases of infection, secondary symp-
toms, eruptions, and the abuse of mercury, Ils. and 33s per bottle.
l'erry's Purifying specific Pills, 2s. 3d., 4s. 6d., and Ils. par box, a
certain remedy in
gon°fflanca,ixleet, strictures, and chronic inflamma-
tion of the bladder. Perry's Preventative Lotion, an application to
abviate the danger of infection, 335. a bottle. Consultation fee, if
by letter, 11. 51. Packets with advice tube had at the Establishment
Dilly, by which the. fee, 11. ,is saved. Attendance daily at 19, Ber-
aera-soreetaconi Eleven till Two, and Five to .Eight.; on &JOAO
/OSA =OM 'to One..

ROYAL HOTEL, GRAINGER-STREET,
NEWCASTLE-ON-TYNE.
CHARLES STATES solicits the patronage of his
BROTHER TRAVELLERS to tale above Establishment, which
has recently been aewly furnished and laid out expressly for a Com-
mercial Hotel.
The COMMERCIAL ROOM, one of the largest and most elegantly
fated in the NORTH, It Is hoped will be foam! complete t• every
respect.
The ICED-ROOMa (Sixty In number) have been furnished in a
style which must entinre the approbation of all visitors.
Gentlemen travelling with STOCK can at all tunes have SROW
ROOMS withont any extra charge.
The Music Hall, Lecture Room, and Royal Hotel Assembly Room
are all attached, and ender the same nianagerneat.
The Royal Hotel Is in the mest central sitnatloa is Newcastle.

NOTICE. OE CLOSE, OF THE
OYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION,
RAI) on the 29th inst., for Additions and Decorations.- Dr. RYAN
will LECTURE on SAN MARY MEASURES, and oa the nature of
DISINFECTING AGENTS, in connexiot witk this important snb-
jvct, on Mondays, Wedntsdays, and Fridays, at Ilalf-past Three,
r.u., and every Evening, except Saturday, at Nine e'clock, till
the close of the Institution. On the alternate days ether Lectures
on CHEMISTRY. Dr. BACIIIIOFFNER will LECTURE, ea RE-
SPIRATION and VENTILATION, in connexion witk the Above
Subject, Daily at Two, P.M., in which a JET of STEAM, as a
Ventilating Agent, will be exhibited. The Opitical Mete inelkde
the OXY-HYDROGEN MIs;ROSCOPE, New DISSOLV ;NG
&c. WORKING MODELS of MACHINERY explained.
Tho DIVING BELL aid DIVER, &c.
_ .

P 0 S T-0 FFICE CORRESPONDENCE.
Bankers, Public Companies, Merchants, and Traders, are in-
formed that, sowing to the immense consumption of, and increasing
demand for, the PATENT METAL-SEAL ENVELOPES and
OFFICIAL ENCLOSURES, the Patentee is encouraged and enabled
to offer them at reduced prices. The perfect security and the ready
dispatch afforded by the use of these envelopes render this notiflca-
Lion of vast Importance to the business pablic, especially to those
making foreign cotnmunleations, avoiding the use of sealing-wax,
in colaspliance with the Postmaster-General's instructions. Speci-
mens of the above will be forwarded on application to the Patentee,
4, Castle-street, Holborn, London. Authorized agents travel through
the principal cities and towns in the kingdom.

IILVER TEA and. COFFEE SERVICES.
Printed lists sent gratis into the country, in answer to a
paid letter, with full particulars of sico, weight, and price ; or pur-
chasers will find a most extensive assortment of the Silver Services
lu the Show rooms. Either tea-pot, sugar-basis, cream ewer, or
coffee-pot, may be had separately.
T. COX SAVORY and Co., Silversmiths,ke., 47, Coriehill (seven
doers from Gracechurch-street), London.

SEASONABLI PRESZIiTS.
MULLENS'S HAVANNAH TOBACCO, in
Packets, so universally admired, will be filly appreciated
by connoisseurs, as combining the fragrance of a Cigar with the corn•
fort of a Pipe. Geatiemen should ask for 2,IULLE.NB'S lIA TAN-
NAM TOBACCO, in Packets of One, Two, and Four oz., at Id. per
oz., or 6s. per lb. ; 3 lbs. for 205., at his Warek•use, 24, Yo:e-
street, London. A choice lot of Cigars, 20s. per lb.

YORK LICENSED VICTUALLERS' SOCIETY.—On
Monday last the members of the York Licensed Vic-
tuallers' Association gave their first annual dinner, in
the De Grey Rooms, in St. Leonard's-place, a suite of
rooms admirably adapted for such an entertainment.
The banquet was supplied by Mr. Todd, of the White
Hart. Inn, and was furnished on a scale of great splen-
dour. The chair was taken by George Hudson, Esq.,
M.P. for Sunderland, and an alderman and magistrate for
the city of York. He was supported by the Lord Mayor
of York, Jobn George Smyth, Esq., M.P., Alderman
Barber, Richard Nicholson, Esq., Wells Hood, Esq.,
William Hotham, Esq., Henry Cooper, Esq., John Pear-
eon, Esq., Nicholas Charles Gold, Esq., George Denby,
Esq , and other influential citizens. Deputations from
kindred institutions at Leeds, Hull, Sheffield, &c., wart
also present. Mr. ex-Sheriff Roper was in the vice-
chair. Prior to the dinner a very satisfactory report was
circulated among the guests. After the cloth bad been
removed, the Chairman proposed " Success to the
Licensed Victuallers' Association," and numerous other
local toasts. The last toast proposed was " Prosperity
to the city of York," after which the company broke up,
highly gratified with the evening's entertainment.
HONESTY REWARDED.—A. few days since, AS
poor man, named Ward, in the employ of Mr. Thomas
Wheatley, the contractor, was filling a mnd-cart near
the Greveoat School, Greenwich, he observed a dirty
piece of paper, and on taking it up, he found it to be a
501. note. Ile took it to Mr. S. Noble, who advised him
to keep it until he heard of an owner. He did so, but
ultimately- he went to the Greenwich Bank, and the
name of Bennett, soap manufacturer, was discovered on
the back of the note. This gentleman was written to,
and identified the note. As a recompense for honesty,
Mr. Bennett ordered Ward, the finder of the note, to be
paid, through the Nelson-street Bank, Greenwich, the
sum of 2s. 6d. per week for life.—Kentish Mercury.
MoRNING MAILS.—The following places have just
been added to the bat of towns to which morning mails
run :—Abergavenny, Bewdley, Bourne, Bromagrove,
Christchurch, Crewe, Deal, Dorchester, Droitwich,
Dudley, Ilalstead, Hatfield, Hexham, Higham Ferrers,
Ingatestone, Kidderminster, Lincoln, Ludlow, Lynd-
hurst, Lymington, Lowestoff, Malvern, Alaryport,
Newark, Ungar, Poole, Ringwood, Ripley, Sandwich,
Stourbridge, Sudbury, Thame, Tipton, Tenbury, Wal-
tham-cross, \Vantage, Wrexham, Weymouth, Wigton,
Wimbourne, Welwyn, and Worcester. The morning
Mail to ClitAero is now discontinued.

THE AFFAIRS OF SWITZERLAND.
The following letter served as an introduction to
the memorandum addressed by Sir Stratford Can-
ning to the President of the Diet, under date Berne,
10th of January :--
" M. le President,—The resumption of the sittings.
of the Diet, and many circumstances that have oc-
curred since our last conference, have induced me to
submit to you a few observations of a character simi-
lar to those I previously communicated to you. I
hope your Excellency will regard them as a proof of
the interest which my Government has constantly
taken in the affairs of Switzerland during the present
complications. And in that conviction you will do
me the honour to read with the greatest attention the
memorial here annexed, and communicate it without
delay to the Members of the Diet."
The following is a copy of the memorandum :
"The llelvetic Confederation has just been exposed
to a painful trial. It emerged from it in so brilliant a
manner, that all eyes are directed towards it with the
liveliest interest for the future destinies reserved to
it. At the moment when the Diet recommences its
labours with a view to accomplish its mission, every-
body inquires what character shall be imparted to
them. A very serious responsibility devolves on that
assembly. Two courses are open to it. If it follow
one, it nay apply the fruits of its triumph to the wel-
fare of the common country; if it rushes into the
other, it will prolong the painful impressions of war,
and postpone for a long time the re-establishment of
the essential conditions ef a durable tranquillity and
national independence. It is important to place that
point in its full light. In order to
.enjoy internal
pease, to preserve the means of maintaining their
neutrality, and to avoid complications with foreign
Powers, it is necessary that the Swiss cantons should
treat each other with that cordial sympathy which
results from mutual benevolence and the conviction
of common interests. It is not in the nature •l
things that the preponderance of one party and
the humiliation of the other can produce such a
result. When a Government attempts to rule with
the assistance of a single party, it is obliged
to recur to arbitrary means—that is, to force,
and can rely on the fidelity of none. If we examine
the present state of public opinion we shall find that
the systematic employment of violence is dangerous
and expensive. In Switzerland it would doubtless be
regarded as a thing at variance with the manners and
institutions of the country. It would give rise to
new perturbations, movements, and reactions; and the
climax of danger and scandal would be: that greater
confidence would be extended to foreigners than to
native Swiss subjects. Heaven be praised, the con-
flict has been confined to one year, and it is now
merely matter of history. It is also matter of con-
gratulation that the provisional state of things is on
the point of ceasing in the occupied cantons, and that
the Federal army will speedily be reduced. We may
add that a general amnesty is so perfectly in accord-
ance with the usages and feelings of the Swiss people
that there can be no possible doubt it will be imme-
diately recommended by the Diet, and accorded by
all the cantons.
" What remains to be considered is reduced to two
essential points--the defrayal of the expenses of the
war and the revision of the Federal compact. It
may readily be conceived that in the first moments of
triumph there exists a disposition to make the con-
' quered party pay every penalty. To conquer an
enemy and spare him—to gain and yet to pay, appear
to be inconsistencies which common sense rejects.
The majority of the Diet, even supposing the Depu-
ties had no participation in the feelings created by the
crisis, would have trusted too much to chance if in
the outset they had not made some concession to
public excitement. But now, in our opinion, cir-
cumstances permit, and duty requires, a more elevated
course and a definitive resolution in accordance with
the principles of sound policy and the permanent in-
terests of the Confederation. Justice does not war-
rant us in banishing indulgence, or in losing sight
of circumstances which explain errors, and errors,
moreover, which are expiated by defeat. It would
be taking a very wrong course were we to persist in
treating the cantons of the Sonderbund with the ex-
treme rigour to which a hostile people, though forced
to submit, does not necessarily yield. Reason, which
teaches us by past experience not to allow ourselves
to be led away by success, will perceive other
motives, not less strong, by directing a glance into
the future. Let us be just. Our task is not to
Lab L., .•La....nate , tv fortify the federal bond,
instead of leaving it to the risk of bring broken by
the first blast of every hurricane. The Diet will
require the aid of all its members for the reform of
the compact ; there are some among them who have
not heretofore acknowledged the advantage of extend.
ing the attributes of the central Government and
strengthening its authority. By more fre-
quent communications, by proofs of sincere
good-will, and by the sympathy of common
interests, they will be induced to make sacri-
fices for the desired object. The employment of
force would be neither more nor less than the dis•
avowal of the fundamental bases of the compact, and
would endanger all that for the space of thirty years
has bound Switzerland to the general system of peace
and the public law of Europe. Think how much
mischief has already been and may yet be wrought
by a hasty resolution. The first fatal consequence of
this resolution has been the exercise of arbitrary au-
thority in a country consecrated to liberty. Imme-
diately party spirit broke forth with violence, forced
loans were raised, private property was sequestrated,
partial and onerous contributions were levied on reli
gious institutions and private individuals, finally, a
convent was suppressed and its property confiscated.
It may be added that this state of things was ren-
dered the more fearful by the decrees of several pro-
visional Governments being issued in the face of Fe-
deral troops and Federal representatives.
"To sum up all, a tax has been levied, the burden
of which must be felt through the lifetime of the pre-
sent generation. Let it not he supposed that such
seed can produce good fruit, or that the consequences
of these imprudent measures will be confined to a few
of the cantons. It is certain that every member of
the Confederation will have to bear his portion of the
burden. It will be felt politically, morally, and ma-
terially throughout all Switzerland • and the bases of
Swiss ind„opendence will be exposed to the danger of
reaction."
The note from the French Ambassador in Switzer-
land is as follows :—.

" Neufchatel, Jan. 18.
66 The undersigned Ambassador of his Majesty the
King of the French to the Helvetic Confederation has
been ordered by his Government to transmit to his
Excellency the President of the Federal Diet the fol-
lowing note :
" When the Government of the' King came to an
understanding with the Governments of Austria
Great Britain, Prtissia, and Russia, to offer itsa
friendly mediation to Switzerland, it purposed not
only to concur in putting down the civil war in
Switeerland, but also to assert the principle up on
which the Helvetic Confederation reposes, that is to
say, the sovereignty of the 22 cantons which concluded
amongst themselves, as sovereign states, the treaty
of alliance known under the name of the Federal
Pact, and in which these terms are expressly men-
tioned. In this respect the Powers have clearly ma-
nifested their opinion, when they demanded that it
should be formally understood and declared by the
Diet ;that no change could be made in the Federal
Pact without the unanimous consent of the twenty-
two cantons.
" In thus watching for the interacts of the Helvetic
Confederation, and with sentiments of faithful friend-
ship over the maintenance of the cantonal sovereignty,
the Powers have acted in virtue of their own right,
and in perfect conformity with the acts which have
regulated the situation of Switzerland in Europe ;
for the Helvetic Confederation was only reconstituted
in 1814 and 1815 by the co-operation of the Powers.
It was that co-operation which induced several of the
cantons, and particularly the cantons of Schwyz,
Appenzell, and Interior and Lower Unterwalden, to
re-enter the Confederation, which they only did on
receiving from the Diet, and likewise from the
Powers, the assurance that their sovereignty and
religion would ever be respected. And when the
Powers, wishing to reconcile, and ultimately to unite,
the interests:of:Switzerlandwith the general interest of
Europe, accorded to the Confederation thus reconsti-
tuted some important territorial concessions, and the
perpetual neutrality of its territory, they did so out of
consideration for the essential foundations of the Con-
federation, and in the confidence that those foundations
would be loyally maintained; and this is formally
specified by the diplomatic acts and documents of that
epoch.
" The advantages accorded to S itzerlancl, and the
engagements which the Powers have contracted
towards her, are therefore correlative and attached to
_the essential basis of the organization of the Confe-
deration. And when the Powers who have accom-
plished their engagements towards the Swiss claim
from them the maintenance of the principles to which
their engagements correspond, they only eat raise an
incontestable right, which they derive from the same
treaties upon which are based the rights of the Con-
federation itself.
"In presence of the events which have taken place
in Switzerland, and of what is now passing, the
Powers are in a situation to exercise that right, for
they can only see, and they do see, in these events, a