The Sun.
London, England, 1870-08-25 00:00:00

LIE SUS, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, AUGUT 25, 1870.

'THORLEY'S HORSE and CATTLE SPICE,
I In Penny Pack eta only, of all Corn Chandlers in London, and
Of all Grocers, Druggists, and Corn Dealers in the Country.

OPERAS, THEATRES, AND AMUSEMENTS.

PRINCE OF WALES'S—A 7.30. Quite by Ace'dent. M.P. Deere;
Mamma.

-
g

EVENING EDITION

LONDON, THURSDAY, AUGUST 25, 1870.

of nine members would, of course, render the control
of the Chamber more complete.
This little contest, though it has never assumed
the aspect of a serious difference, is nevertheless in-
teresting and important. It shews that a great
change has come over the old Imperialist majority,
who have so long guided, and who still guide, the
decisions of the Parliament. Formerly they relied
solely upon the EMPEROR. They derived • their
election from him; without him, as deputies,
they would never have had any existence ;
they therefore made it their duty to
do nothing more than register his decrees. The
deputies now begin to feel it needful to answer
for themselves, and to anticipate the time,
possibly not remote, when they must seek re-election
as real and direct national delegates, not as merepillars
by which the great figure of CEesar has rested
upon universal suffrage. This change is a momen-
tous one, but it is not all that is signified by the
selection of the Defence Committee. At present the
.whole duty of the Committee will be to see
that the defence of Paris is properly provided
for. But should further disasters come, it is
quite possible, nay very likely, that the Defence
Committee, like the old bo3y of Public Safety,
will become the chief administrative body in the
State, and the nucleus from which a new Govern-
ment will spring.

TOPICS OF THE DAY.

extraction, and who kept a saddler's shop near Char-
ing-Cross. He was successful in business, and
married a Miss Sarah Parsons, who, judging from
the success of her family, must have been a woman
of remarkable energy and character. Her three
SODS were first, the late Sir David Pollock, Chief
Justice of Bombay, who died many years ago ; the
third, Field-Marshal Sir George Pollock,, is best
known as the hero of the Khyber Pass and of
Cabul; and the second was the Chief Baron who
died on Tuesday. The future baronet was born on
the 23rd of September, 1783, and after receiving the
elements of his education was sent to St. Paul's
School where he was distinguished in
classics and mathematics. In 1802 he proceeded
to Trinity College, Cambridge, and in 1806 he
was senior wrangler and first Smith's prizernan.
Having determined to study the law, he entered
chambers, and was called to the Bar, at the
Middle Temple. His success was rapid, and in
1827 he was made a King's Counsel. In 1831 Mr.
Pollock offered himself as a candidate in the Tory
interest for the borough of Huntingdon, and was
successful in obtaining the seat. He was again
chosen at the election which followed the passing of
the Reform Bill, and on the accession of Sir Robert
Peel to power in 1834, he was offered and accepted
the post of Attorney-Genera], but went out with the
Government. In 1841 he was again made Attorney
General, and continued to hold the office till 1844,
when ho succeeded the late Lord Abinger as Chief
Baron of the Exchequer. He was a sound and safe,
if not a brilliant, lawyer, and his summings-up were
distinguished by clearness and logical arrangement.

MR. REED ON THE CAPTAIN.

Mr. Reed has written another letter to the limes

in reply to Messrs. Laird, being apparently resolved
to annihilate his adversary on paper, if he cann i)t so
clearly demonstrate the Captain's inferiority when
afloat. Mr. Reed lays great stress on the miscalcu-
lation of the Captain's weight, which Messrs. Laird
contend does not impair the capabilities of the
ship. Mr. Reed maintains that her speed is re-
duced by it, her coal consumption increased, her
engine boiler batches " fearfully exposed" to depressed
fire, her stability compromised and her guns
brought too near the water. The mis-
take, which Messrs. Laird attribute to
themselves, proves, in his opinion, that other
supervision than that of Captain Coles is necessary.
There is no evidence, he thinks, that the turret ships
which have been under fire were exposed to such
broadsides as we shall have to encounter in the next
great naval war. This, however, cannot be accepted
as an argument against the Captain. On points of
opinion, such as the arrangement for working the
guns, &c., it is not to be supposed that Mr. Reed will
approve of his rival's designs in preference to his
own; but it is a singular thing that he alternately
denounces them with unsparing severity, and declares
they are copied from his own ! He ends by declaring,
that he shall be glad to lay down his pen in a con-
troversy which he has just discovered to be "not
very dignified," as soon as possible. Mr. Reed's ships,
like some people's good deeds, are not, however,
likely to remain long without a trumpeter.

has two merits, the remarkable depression of the
Mexican plain at this point, and the basin of the
Coatzacoalcos, which drains the northern slope of the
Cordilleras,:and discharges itself into the Gulf of
Mexico. The idea of forming an interoceanic canal
here has long been entertained. A hundred years
ago it was discovered that some cannon cast at
Manilla had crossed the isthmus by the rivers
Chuanalapa and Coatzacoalcos, being found in the
port of San Juan de Ulloa.

AFFAIRS IN ITALY.

(FROM OUR SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT.)
ROME, AUGUST 20.

A hundred arrests of Mazzinian agents were made
last Sunday and fifty.three on Tuesday. The persons
arrested were conducted to the confines and discharged.
They were all natives of the northern provinces of Italy.
All lodging-house keepers have received orders to send the
names of all tenants to the police within five days, and
all sending of private telegrams is strictly forbidden
without revision and permission of the Government of
France. The report in Rome was current this morning
that Menotti Garibaldi is concealed here, in which suppo-
sition there is nothing improbable.
Mazzini's arrest has caused great embarrassment to
the Lanza Cabinet, and it is probable the Minister is
scarcely grateful to General Medici for his zeal. He
was arrested with an English passport in the name of
Henry Zannitts, and attempted to keep up the comedy
by replying in English to all the investigations of the
police. He is treated en personnage, and with the greatest
attention and respect, and the Italian Government ap-
pear much more afraid of Mazzini than Mazzini has any
reason to be of the Government. The agitation all over
Italy is becoming most alarming, and as soon as the
40,000,000 fr. credit is voted for the army, it is intended
(if not too unpopular a measure) to dissolve the
Chamber, especially as the Left were resolved
to cede a seat to Mazzini, and so cover him
with the inviolability of representative of the
people. The indictment once drawn up, this can
no longer be done, and the dissolution gives the Cabinet
time to carry on the legal proceedings against him.
The King of Prussia continues to. evince the most
friendly sentiments to the Holy See, and has declared to
a counsellor of the Prussian Legation at Rome that he
should be glad to see any of the German Catholic powers
give a garrison to the Pope after the war, and even dur-
ing the war should in no way oppose Austria as not in-
volved in the casus fcederis, if she felt inclined to assume
the guardianship. This, however, it is scarcely probable
that Rome will ask in the present state of relations with
Vienna and the recent withdrawal of the concordat
which was notified by Count de Beust to M. Palomba,
Austrian Secretary of Legation here.
The military dispositions of Italy on the Pontifical
frontier are a mystery to everyone. Three divisions, well
nigh numbering fifty thousand men, with heavy artillery,
cavalry, telegraphic service, &c., are now concentrated on
the Roman confines from Orvieto to Bieti. The first
division, under General Ferrero, is at Orvieto and along
the Tuscan frontier. General Yaze de la Roche commands
at Terni and along the Sabine, while General
Cosenz has his head-quarters at Rieti, and General
Cadarno, who commands the entire corps d'armee of
150,000 men, has just arrived at Spoleto. It is utterly
absurd to suppose that these enormc us forces are there for
the occupation of Rome. The Pontifical forces are 12,000
an paper, and probably 8,000 in effective ; and if Italy
chose to use violence, it is quite certain that one-fifth of
this force would suffice. It is therefore probable that she
is desirous to avail herself of a plausible pretext for keep-
on foot a large army, which may be needed at any
moment for the suppression of the Republican movement.
The opinion in the higher official circles gains ground to
the effect that no movement in Rome will take place till
the struggle between France and Prussia has taken• a
more decided form. As the Nazione, and many of the
more moderate organs, say, it would be insane to go to
Rome without the certainty of being able to remain there,
and to be the occupants of the Eternal City for a few
months only to be ousted by the next Congress.
Visconti Venosta and Lanza are both of this
opinion, and do all they can to moderate the ardour of
the party of action which, deaf to all counsels of states-
manship or prudence, and to the financial administrative
difficulties of Italy, seeks at all costs to force the Cabinet
to depart from its policy of reserve and seize Rome by
force.

The debate in the Italian Chamber on the Roman
question last night is a clear proof of the desire of the
Ministry to avoid immediate action.

Mancini opened the discussion by a question as to the
motives which have induced a return to the Convention
of September, saying that its violation by
France was open and continual, that the
Italian people were deceived, and that its present
application was a heavy burden to the finance and a per-
petual danger to the national independence. He then
read the Franco-Italian despatch on the evacuations and
censured the Government in strong terms for having
limited itself to notifying the departure of the French
troops without seizing the occasion of a protest as to the
many circumstances where the Convention was violated.
He said that it was necessary to remove the juridicial
obstacle of the Conventim, and to substitute for it the
rational rights of Italians, by means of new and indepen-
dent men, and ended by a motion for the production of
foreign correspondence, and by demanding the intentions of
Governinent.

Guezzoni and Ferrari (both deputies of the Extreme
Left) put questions as to the truth of the declarations
attributed to Prussia on the Roman question, and as to
the attempted Anglo-Italian mediation in the present
war..

Visconti Venosta made a joint reply to the three ques-
tions, and said :—" It is untrue that the Convention of
September is abrogated by events. After Mentana, the
Frencl Ministers assured the Corps Legislatif and the
Senate, by the production of diplomatic docu-
ments, of the temporary character of the Con-
vention. The Convention is still in force. The
Italian Government on its side returned to the exe-
cution of the Convention, requiring the same from
France, and the Chamber never objected to the policy
resulting from the declarations of Menabrea and the
documents produced. The present Ministry found this
situation on taking office, and because it was resolved
not to compromise the question of the convention it
avoided raising discussions on the Roman question.
To denounce the Convention' would have been fatal,
and would have taken away the.title to act on the abstract
principle of non-intervention, and on the eve of war
especially would have been a most short-sighted measure,
which would probably have perpetuated a foreign occupa-
tion in Rome. The " Jamais "of Rouher was not directed
against the inheritors of the policy of Cavour, the
defenders of the principles of non-intervention and the
rights of the Romans. It was directed against those who
desired to try the unhappy experiment of another policy.
Mentana was the negation of the Convention of
September, and no way chargeable on its provisions.
Aspromonte was anterior to the Convention.
The Government assumes one only pledge for the
future—the guardianship of the 'national rights in
Rome. In it's eyes the rights of the Romans and the
spiritual independence of the Church constitute the
essence of the question.
The Minister, replyitg to Guezzoni, denied the pretended
declarations made by Prussia, in a sense hostile to the
interests and desires of Italy. Prussia will not depart
from a policy of observation as to the Roman question.
The rest of the debate referred to matters outside
Rome, but it is evident from this that the Government of

Florence is in no hurry to act, and will allow no initiative

to be taken by the bands of Garibaldi, and that it is more

than ever a European question. The line of Prussia isa
very uncertain one ; prodigal of assurances of good will to
the Pope, and yet maintaining her relations with Italy,
and it is certain she is very strongly averse to any annexa-
tion of the actual Papal territory. The King himself
especially abounds in courtesies and assurances of
support, and the message sent from the camp
of Coblenz through a committee of the Prussian legation
in Rome was, I have every reason to know, perfectly
authentic.

The recent measures taken by the Pontifical police
render an internal insurrection very difficult of execution,
and this again is an additional obstacle to a forcible occu-
pation by Italy. No disturbance took place last
night although we were threatened with one,
and the Romans announce the crisis for this

evening, why, or on what grounds it would be dif-
ficult to say, and I own to being among the incredulous,

as there is not an appearance of it among the population.
All strangers within five miles of Rome have received

notice to send in their "carta di soggiorno " for renewal.
Mr. Jarvoise, attache of her Majesty's Legation in
Florence, has arrived in Rome. It is thought probable
he will remain as successor to Mr. Odo Russell.

An affray took place a day or two since at Pavia be-
tween an ex-Garibaldian officer, named Manelli, and an
artillery officer of the Italian army. The latter, seeing a
proclamation of Mazzini on the walls, -tore it down with

his sword, on which Manelli came up and grossly in-
sulted him. The officer knocked him down, and then
stabbed him twice with his drawn sabre, severely wound-
ing him. The partisans of either came up and separated the
combatants, but the incident has greatly increased the
ill feeling between the military and the party of action.
Corporal Barsanti's appeal has been rejected, and he is
left for execution ; but it is thought the, royal pardon will
be extended to him, as his execution would be dangerous
to the present Cabinet, already totteringto its fall. Should
the vote of credit be unfavourable Lanza must resign, and
tbis would greatly precipitate events, as he is one
of the few Italian statesmen who take a moderate view
of the Roman question—realizing the danger of a precipi-
tate solution.

Tusco, the celebrated Neapolitan reactionary chief (he
was never a brigand in the ordinary sense) was shot a day
or two since by the troops in an encounter
with his band. The fermentation in the Southern pro-
vinces is very great and the military authorities
are continually on the qui Dive.

Five Mazzinian agents (natives of Milan) were arrested
last night in the act of attempting to blow up the bar-
racks of the Legion at the Cuisarra, near Saint Maria
Maggiore.

The Pere De Beur Mors, a Jesuit father, well known
here, was killed at Woerth while attending the wounded
on the field of battle.

ITALY AND ROME.

The report of a conflict at Rome between French and
German soldiers of the Papal army is fully confirmed, and
it is expected that if order is not soon restored, the whole
of the Papal territory will be occupied by Italian troops.—
Eastern Budget.

DESTRUCTIVE FIRE NEAR SHREWSBURY.
Early on Tuesday morning a fire was discovered at the
rectory house Wistantow, Shropshire, the residence of the
Rev. Charles Swinson. The inmates escaped with diffi-
culty. Before the flames could be extinguished the house
was completely gutted, and the whole of the valuable
contents destroyed.

A number of French race horses have arrived at
Newmarket in consequence of the war.
One result of the Bishop of Winchester's visit to
Jersey has been the almost total abolition of the Geneva
robe in the parish churches.
The Bishop of Capetown is again in England—
we regret to learn, on account of the health of Mrs. Gray.
—Guardian.

Some of the London hospitals are using finely-
picked oakum for lint, and the fact has been brought to
the notice of the committee for aiding the wounded in
the war.

In India a boat with a marriage party, while
crossing the Sutlej from Laodiana to Phillous, struck on
one of the piers of the Sutlej bridge, and went to pieces.
About fifty people were drowned, but two escaped by
holding, the one to a pony, the other to a bullock.
Mary Harriet Lady Gardiner, widow of the late
Sir John B. W. S. Gardiner, Bart., had a second attack
of paralysis on Sunday evening, and died suddenly on
Monday morning at her residence in South-street. She
leaves five daughters and one son.
An ex-Wesleyan missionary named Powell died
recently at Keighley, and left the whole of his property,
£20,000, to missionary societies. The relatives disputed
the will. The case was tried at the Leeds assises on Tues-
day and the will was confirmed.
We (Church Herald) rejoice to heir that Arch-
deacon Denison is much better. He has been out for
some time in his Bath-chair, and on Wednesday went to
an hotel at Burnham for the sea-air. He is able to write
letters.

THE NEW IRISH CHURCH.—We understand,
says the Dublin Evening Mail, that the Draft Charter of
incorporation of the representative body of the Church has
been returned to that body with the amendments pro-
posed by the law officers of the Crown, which, so far as we
can learn, do not affect its principle.
The Wesleyans at Doncaster on Monday laid the
memorial stones of a new chapel and schools. The mayor
of the town took part in the proceedings, which were of a
very interesting character. It is proposed to expend
£7,000 upon the new buildings, and there is every
probability of their being opened next year free of debt.
It is not true as asserted in some of our con-
temporaries, that Madame Canrobert has arrived in
England from France. She is still in Paris (which she
has never left), assiduously attending to the wounded
in the hospitals. It was Madame Canrobert's mother
who arrived in England the other day, accompanied by
the Marshal's children.
A NOBLE DOG.—The Guardian has the following:
—As four ladies from Morpeth were bathing at Newbiggin,
two of them were swept off by the tide. One was picked
up by a boat, and the other was rescued by the Rev. S.
Atkinson, vicar of Eighton Banks, who would have
probably have failed to do so had he not summoned his
Newfoundland dog to his aid, who towed him to shore with
his burden.

An American paper tells a curious story of the
manner in which a murderer was treated by the people of
the neighbourhood of Norwalk, Ohio. Ladies visited the
prison, and shewed their appreciation of his merits by
numerous donations of flowers, sweetmeats, and other
offerings. On the morning of his execution, he was pre-
sented with several bouquets, which he took' great plea-
sure in arranging on the scaffold.
A memorial of the late Prince Consort, in the
shape of a marble statue, the gift of Mr. D. Sassoon, is
about to be placed in the Victoria and Albert Museum,
Bombay. It is at present to be seen at the South Ken-
sington Museum ; and it bears the following inscription in
our languages :—" Albert, Prince Consort ; dear to
Science, dear to Art ; dear to thy land and ours ; a Prince
indeed."
Mr. Sergeant Simon, the member for Dewsbury,
addressed his constituents on Tuesday night in the theatre
of that town, which was crowded. He deplored the war
between France and Prussia, and thought our Govern.
ment had taken a wise and dignified course in reference
to Belgium. The learned sergeant spoke of the action he
had taken on the Education Bill and other measures. He
received an unanimous vote of confidence on the motion of
Mr. Samuel Fothergill, seconded by Mr. Wm. Moore.
The Mayor occupied the chair.
The Brighton magistrates had before them on
Tuesday thirteen new applications for spirit licences, only
three, however, of which were granted, the proprietor of
the Oxford Music Hall being among theunsuccessfulappli-
cants. The other applications for licenses to sell wine and
beer on or off the premises were mostly entertained; and
the magistrates, acting on the clerk's advice, granted the
application of a large brewer's firm (made under the 26
and 27 Vic., c. 33) for a license to sell beer off the
premises.

HETERSDOW, LONDON.—The rector of White-
chapel, a Low Churchman of the very lowest type, has
lately introduced a series of services in his (consecrated)
churchyard ; and we now hear that he has invited a
young Baptist teacher, named Brown, of the Stepney-
green Tabernacle, to preach there next Friday evening.
Thus our churchyards are opened to the schismatical
mh istrations of Dissenters. The pulpit erected for the
purpose is close to, it not actually in the Church-porch.—
Church Herald.

ARRIVAL OF THE GREAT BRITAIN FROM A us-
TRALIA.—The well-known steamer Great Britain arrived
at Liverpool on Monday from Australia. She left Mel-
bourne on the 16th June, and did not round Cape Horn
until the 18th July. She subsequently encountered a
series of severe easterly gales up to the line, which she
crossed on the 4th August. The remainder of her
passage, owing to the fineness of the weather, was more
satisfactory. The Great Britain brings over 400 passen-
gers, 735 bales of wool, 2,434 bales of bark, and about
100,000 packages and parcels.

SCARLATINA AND STRAW PLAITING.—The vicar
of Wing, near Leighton Buzzard, in the heart of the
straw-plaiting district, invites public attention to the
spread of fatal scarlet fever in his parish. Twenty chil-
dren from a population of 1,500 people have already died,
and several others are mortally stricken. Notwithstanding
this terrible lesson, he reports the case of a room full of chil-
dren engaged in straw-plaiting, while a child suffering from
scarlet fever lay in one corner. It would almost seem as
if the poor were altogether unbelievers in infection, so
habitually do they disregard all reasonable precaution.
Perhaps this is lucky for some of the classes above them,
for should they ever awake to a true sense of their danger
the result might be to compel ratepayers to provide more
available hospital accommodation for the infected, and to
prevent landowners and other proprietors of the dwel-
lings of the labouring poor from continuing to make pro-
fit out of the pigstye hovels miscalled cottages. —Echo.

MILITARY PREPARATION.—There is now great
activity in recruiting for the 98th Regiment, which is
stationed in Newcastle. Ever since the regiment arrived
in that town, eighteen months ago, recruiting has been
extremely successful, some hundreds having been added
to the ranks. The Newcastle Chroniele, in reporting this
matter, adds :—Unfortunately, though there is abun-
dance of men and of good material, there is
a great deficiency of stores and of barrack ac-
commodation. The work of the service is being hindered
by an absolute want of the most necessary stores.
The authorities at the barracks are not able to supply
the recruits even with uniforms. We saw some at
drill a day or two ago, and there was not one properly
clothed. Some had a soldier's coat, another a
soldier's trousers, but none had both ; nor was there
a forage cap among the whole squad. This defi-
ciency of supplies has existed for some time, and it is
evident that the Goverement are unable to supply it, as
the authorities in Newcastle have written several times
without effect.

D UNVI LLE and Co., Belfast, are the largest holders
of whisky in the world. Their Old Irish Whisky is r ommended
by the medical profession in preference to French brand . Sup-
plied in casks and cases for home use or exportation. Quotations
on application to Messrs DUNVILLE & Co., Royal Irish Dis
tilleries, Belfast; or at thei London Offices, 4, Beaufort Buildings
Strand. W.C.