The Sun.
London, England, 1846-12-08 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY MORNING, DECEMBER 8, 1846.

lours and N'ant,—; Con-
......
•• ..•. ..
',,.` etituted
.... ..... " 5
_
4'eurriaY, Jurbite, Lou-
_
•„, den,
ad and Hasse:t....... 21,(2
......
Atinid
......
; \Vett ,Flanders ...... . 6
_
_
Aestralasia .. JOINT.. S4TOOCK. BANKS.
..
_
13titish North American 50
_Commercial of London 20
•••• • • .... ' • . 48
lilltional of Ireland 221/2•••••• '
_
Ll)roviucial of Ireland ... 25
.....
t.„--'44(41 & Westminster. 20
........ .... . _
ii•—ukton Joint Stock lO
.
..._
of of London.— ..... 10
•••
_
Colonial ..... 25
_
~ThenalProv. England. 35
_
ullion of Australia
8!
~,.
MINES.
3%
441 del Monte Unregd

Tit COURT CIRCULAR.
tote Queen and Prince Albert, took their usual early
Their relay in the plantations of Osborne House.
Alfred .r
gu.rai Highnesses the Prince of Wales, Prince
:litlketi the Princess Royal, and the Princess Alice
t:1
;ei and rode on ponies yesterday forenoon in h,
and-pleasure grounds of Osborne llouse. Her
al
.s.,ness the Princess Helena was also taken an
esterday.
tesidien °Yal Highness Prince George has arrived at his
_.114° in St. James's Palace, from Ireland.
!kg ..*:-',Uarryatt and Mr. J. Marryatt had an inter-
karaTlelta Earl Grey yesterday at the Colonial-office.
4rj:"'aretis Hill had also an interview with the Noble
elterday.

,114AYNIARKE T THEATRE.
rw'es, b-iii`Ylloids, a young lady from the American thea-
ltik Wb° iSt we believe (and we rejoice in the belief,
ltii4,ls a girl of genius, and will be a credit to her
704 .an English woman born and bred, made, her
l'itL.-A're last evening in the character of Kate Brien,hi
'Cy of Munster, in poor Haynes Bayley's:adm:rvaere
Si„izmedy of Perfection. Miss Reynolds possessseisvee
anyd
treetk,efor the stage • her features ure 2cpres
arll ; her form is faultless; her voice is clear and 11-
'4 :t1;: she sings delightfully, rich, clearly, ex p ressi ve y,
tfiti„ -Y8 in tune. The character of Kate
.O'Brien was
tel e‘xpressly for Vestris, and most wickedly
.and
'4 ft did she act it, but with all our prepossessions
.0 by:tir of Vestris and her version of the character, we
kite 411(1 to confess that Miss Reynolds was more truly
*as Lb„s of Munster, though, perhaps, less espiegle, she
Oex, IWY-like, more graceful, more the daughter
iialtris7al O'Brien, more high-bred, in a word, than
Tat Her songs were beautifully given. She
,144 cored in all of them, and there was
Picint,,—lett,li,rlg archness about her in giving the
lad " Not I," that was perfectly fascinating.
littia(ilict filament the audience was with her, and,
e, as the drama progressed, she increased
igukis ti:vile impression she had made. In fact, to-
fottek,ri conclusion it appeared as though an old
Who had secured a high position, and might
4tti titore
ofi,lß the to take liberties with the audience, were
Part,, instead of a debutante. Her success was
b_7‘t ' she was called for at the fall of the curtain and
Old , most enthusiastically. Her versatility alone
aia,k teoure her a high degree of success. When we
te „zit El" hatever she does, she does excellently well,
11611' 7,4 "no doubt but that'
Miss Reynolds will attain
lt 074 degreein her profession. We congratulate
Ilayelllter In having se-cured such an acquisition to
ark e t corps.

dle,, FLANDERS MAIL.
el --ents, DEC.3.—The Chamber of Representa-
-44% Nita
whi Lued sof the budget of the Ma-
litinattlo-e° conlrnenced yesterday. After the new ex-
fa Riven by M. Vevdt and the Minister for Fo-
-4ifairs, tending- to -prove that the Government
Ille4l hid Colonisation Company, had given, and were
tillelgioljn give, to the colonists who desired to retnrn
biNte-,..7' all desirable facilities to return home, M.
-;tlo4",i'aented to withdraw the amendment which he
.)i°l Yesterday.:b
ta.6, :leiiroueßen warmly recommended to the Go-
kZetii 4the idea of establishing a commercial factory,ito
ith,7040 a colony, in Guatamala. He assured. ,
nf
gkikatiorr„, e„nna, if it presented to the Legislature a
Itottitai'' for a vote of credit for such a useful estii-
INQ stand held out the hope that the Chamber of
NI ill alrot,ives would second. it with pleasure.
pit„, inter for Foreign Affairs announced that a
klea 4 whose object had already received the Ant-
aoaT.* The Chamber of Commerce of Ghent and
w nbout
,„„taepoi , to be formed, to establish at St. Thomas
to"`n 44 facto • and that it asks from Government
.. -r 4._. ry,
1170%ttl007stance, than the establishment of a corn-
/„1114. by steam-boat .between Antwerp and St.
ih.oh_7 th, ,
aiiirti 'tate on the articles of the budget, M. Osy
thi Rea:l:lit Government should sell the unservice
Qevilavitatitt, ta, and some regulations relative to
called on the
ig leejlte;e4, an of the Scheldt.
glitd'ieh the or some explanationbriesp°escYting the manner
1, the 6118, igiall flag is considered in Russia, as re-
col lit:ltViica:ion of the duties of customs.
0_
to;17 htivii,!ter replied, that the remonstrance f
radßel-
a Z 4 failed to obtain from the Russian Govern-
At Was!'-'"er treatment of our flag, the Belgium Govern-
le 4... eallsiderin what measures should be adopted.
Ntiti ugth the g
Tli e' bY a
or e
chit , Chambermainritynf v6oltetdo
4th.e whole budget of the
ttiltd 18 410er finished the sitting by voting, with only
a? 40 talent voices, the project of law for continu-
Oa% lie Year, the provisional distribution of the
'
i-ueeslltel de Sernberg has made numerous trials of the
d'.:l4:..jOVentecl in Germany. itrpmfaktfetcrhoeo? 'Aese
411144-'4lb.lig 'Wheat flour wit!' r-s. 6110 n, --ea perfect' succeeded ; the poor familie,s
haveto
4aer °I. Claes has Ydistributed some of the bread,
.
ittOntried that theyliked it quite as well as the ordinary
-.‘hr`
th!Alread . etter from Cologne, of the Ist, says—" This mon-
. at ten o'clock, Mr Schuarzer, tht‘ chief editor of
)te tistrian Lloyd, arrived here. This gentleman, as
hot_ now., has undertaken pi rsonally to . rganise the
)r. VI rapid arrival of the Indial mail through
narzer himself arrived I),y this mail. The steamer
11.,Itich conveyed the dispatches from Alexandria to
;oe,ste, performed the voyage in six days and a half,
eery stormy weather, which delayed the voyage a
tt0k,(11,.3". The courier was sixty hour, on the way
144,1rteste to Manheim. M. Schuarzer, who received
111,,;Lterar at Mrtnhehai, was sixtet n hours and a half on
it,arY_'-,,r0t0 .Manheim to Cologne. After waiting a
% u an hour, he set out with the second train in
. ttat .(4.lltnefor Ostend, where the steam-boat is real y
t .ttlat he will be at London early to-morrow
~,,ok
~,,,,,-..7 2d of December."
'Nil% .;-:1:).4,---The Chamber of. Representatives
t/t ‘9-4ed t fr -' -
the E.,41,7.-,,,,5t..*--Ay the general discussion of the budget
tote vliai,,-eu leans. Before entering on the discussion,
oteituiiiirer received from the Minister of Finance the
kiS 1it..11,116.e of a project of law, modifying the law
10 i,"-.61 July, 1844, relative to the differential
Nii Chamber referred this project of law to
~f7,42t Committee of Manufactures.
.
‘4441034;(6-Te Of the King from his estate at Ar-
-4'44 ; th!"a3,' (Thursday), has been announced by
s !fitter
fere Is no such intention at present.
414:1t i% dote Berlin, in the Nuremburg Correspondent,
4,,,443"1nnd that the affairs of Cracow were not
44,70 °ell the. Council of State, but.. that
. it was the
th,liqeti th'ressia who, in his late visit in Austria, con-
fig; e„,negotiations and corresponded directly with
P had h he Cabinet Ministers and the Councillors of
Nite)tt,z4.o knowledge of them.
q/)tlq,*111 Prin„ll°V. 27.—The Grand Duke Alexander
ne
alith-Li4 ,t-he of Russia has just arrived here, at o
NI Int.ft, e afternoon'. The Prince had scarcely
ilik_ai t:tilel,h_is tr.a.vellin carriage, when he immedi-
-474./ie to visit her Imperial Highness the Grand
klltsultcien,, his aunt, who is still here.
5_1142-.144 iyi-, 4.1t.0v. 21.—Thirty-one persons, who were
*kieb-i- luq
sen-
eonspiracy at Przieemisl in the year
tope 41eu Yesterday, in the Town-hall, their
..
4111.144-,4 h" been passed on them. The criminahls
~
wererent
regime officers, subalterns, cadets, and privates, t
tqk, in thelagifintneats. Two officers, probably ringleaders,.
/14,ealt84.1%ent-wilat Instance condemned to death,
.but their
41‘ta In % in: commuted to twenty years imprison-
tt4 in 'mess
i, ; a regimental chaplain to twelv.e.
41:fillt°, w04:E41,0-neat ' the cadets, subalterns, and p i
r
"%IC -'
ten, aio,;`"°)fortifications for different periods te
'let:Flitted.— tilore years ; one officer and a private
ap047,------z_____—__
811,,,. '41,1,,,.1,,G INTELLIGENCE.
the ice Pee, -.-.4RSALL'S.—YESTERDAY.
14i0,,, %thy fa it tood deal of heavy betting on a few
.of
Ntt 11. va vourites, and not without some effect on the
IN atiotiuttl:_t Trolz-
,„, p had two or three friends present,
444.4144 v,.,Y ‘-', upwards of 8001. at 15 to 2 and 8 to 1,
140,nri Viet °I 1600 to 200 laid outside, anything but
//Oa ay, 134ition, the last transaction being 1200 to
o,l,atei'sera were in a decided majority. Planet was
444:41 close to 1 in the early part of the afternoon, and
401,:matok at 2.0 to 1 but only to a small
. sum. The.
ki-4 ;b.. Was i„ .
Liejp,.! veetL,.. great force, his owner having in a brief
‘ split,m fairoiT4 -Pearly 800/. at 50 to 1. Wanota was
24.: 100 j, at 40 to l; taken as long as any one would
tlitle. eaeo, to, 20 was taken five or six times, and 1000
ftes 1000 acout Red Hart. 1000 to 30 about Lune-
4, ekk to 2o two or three times about The Cossack,
i `at 1400
~4114,,a point to 200 was laid agst John Scott's lot, at
(14,4' to-iltwlf illailore
ithan the market price; we doubt,
4, as 0 con d have been obtained afterwards.
--,404
__ffered agst John Day's lot. The following
o. are made up to the close of the rooms:-
00‘.° ,1 0 CHESTER Cur.
lON, tO ao tl the field.
:tgat Mr. Coape's Rufus--taken
a t Lord Chesterfield's Pam—taken
4 f:0•
/ 1 DZRBY.
htO 1 tat JOllll SCOtt's lot
la to 1 aget John Dav's lot
k, to 1 agst Lord Egfinton's Van Tromp
hto 1 °gat Mr. Bowes's Epirote—taken
D, to 1 °gat Mr. Mostyn's Planet
g7l to 1 °gat Mr. Payne's Sis. to Cobweb colt r
lonn to 1 agst Mr. Mostyn's Glentilt—taken anda t. ofd.
"" to go ntst Mr. Worley's Old Port—take 1000 to 30
I°4° to 1 °gat Mr.. Bowes's Lunedale—taken
oto 1 °gat Lord Caledon's Wanota—taken freely
ti, 1 ! Mr. Gully's Taativy—taken 45 to 1
40 agst Mr. Jardine's Johnny Armstrong—taken
4, to 1 .
u and afterwards offered
,"! to 1 gat Duke of Richmond's Red Hart
,I to 1 am Irwin's Horn of Chase
414 1 hag" AIL W. O'Brien's Liberator—taken
to 1 -gilt Lord Stradbroke's Marpessa colt
INT to , agst Sir R. Bulkeley's Brother to Joinville
10 to 215 gnat Mr. Mostyn's Projectile—taken
I.OV, to 20 °gat Mr. Pedley's Cossack—taken
tor"a' Una °gat Mr. Mostyn's Miss Martin colt—taken
slus to so 1/44 Mr. Bouverie's War Eagle—taken
log %Pao ha:Bt Mr. Ford ns Clarendon—taken
k, ev,„ L.tbween Planet and Glentilt
igiß, • kos, ',orator against Projectile. '44 all 8 hOrses sill continue under Kent's care
the -rat Goodwood Races,
1

MA G A ZINES—(CONTINUED.)
DULE—IN UAIVEIiS.II'I7 MAGAZINE.
The biographical sketch of M. Adolphe Thiers, the
historian of the revolution and the empire, and the
great French statesman, is continued; or, we may say
at once, completed. Although the writer is some-
times painfully discursive, he is generally so lively
and beyond all discriminates the character of Thiers,
with such impartiality, that his composition will be
generally welcome. Here is a condensed explanation
of the difference in oratory between the rival states-
men of France :

" M. Guizot, who then far surpassed him as a master
of Parliamentary eloquence, would fasten upon some one
great principle, some prominent idea, and by presenting
it to his audience in various points of view, render the
dullest minds familiar with it, until he would make them
believe the principle was their own. This is peculiarly
the art of a professor, and hence the success of M.
Guizot in its application. M. Thiers, on the contrary,
would crowd into his speech such a diversity of topics,
so intermingled with anecdotes and hiskriettes, that his
discourse resembled a piece of mosaic, very dazzling to
the eye, but having little to engage the more reflective
powers of the understanding. While the one orator
would reproduce the same leading idea in many speeches,
the other would crown a plurality of leading ideas into
a single speech. In leaving the house after hearing M.
Guizot, the Deputies went home thinking of the subject;
in leaving the house, after hearing M. Thiers, they went
home thinking of the man."
When we remember the pecuniary disadvantages,
the ignoble origin, and the friendless condition of
Thiers ; when we remember how he had to conquer
the antipathy of the fastidious for his vulgarity, to
enable the multitude to behold his little body as
plainly as though it were colossal, to move the
passions of the members of the Legislative Chambers
by his sing-song oratory, and to diminish the disgust
with which his shrill voice was first listened to, and
his grotesque gesticulations first beheld, we shall
be enabled to form some conception of the
vastness of his intellectual capacities of the
indomitable audacity of his ambition, of the
profundity and extent of his knowledge. It is im-
possible to desert this subject without transcribing a
few fragments from the brilliant and masterly sketch
of M. Thiers, as drawn by M. Cormenin, otherwise
celebrated as Timon. He says—

" M. Thiers is the essence of mind; he is intellect to
the tips of his lips and points of his nails. His organi-
zation is like that of Voltaire, frail, delicate, and mobile.
He has the caprices and naughtiness of a child, with the
assumption of the gravity of a philosopher. More a
man of letters than a statesman, and more an artist than
a man of letters, he will dote upon an Etruscan vase, and
care little for liberty. As a Cabinet Minister, he con-
ceives great designs; like a woman, he is bold in small
matters. He has courage, but it is like that of delicate
and sickly people—it comes in feverish fits, ending by
nervous attacks and fainting fits; these weaknesses are
only tolerated on a sofa ; in politics, fainting is not
suffered.

"He thinks without effort, produces without ex-
haustion, advances without fatigue, and arrays his ideas
before you with a rapidity which is inconceivable ;
former times pass in review before his memory in their
order, and proper costumes, and nature, which others
court, comes to him uninvited in all the pomp of her
majesty, and all the graces of her smiles. Have you
ever seen in the steam •boats which traverse our rivers,
the banks reflected in the suspended mirrors? They are
reflected while the boat advances—fair villages, churches
with tapering spires, verdant meadows, hoary mountains,
gay vessels, the flocks of the valley, the clouds of heaven,
animals and men, seem to fly past in rapid succession in
the glass. Such is M. Thiers. A sort of Parliamentary
mirror, he reflects the passions of others, and cold and
hard as the glass is, without passions himself. He weeps,
but his eyes are tearless; Le pierces his breast with a
poignard, but draws no drop of blood; a mere drama all
that, it is true, but what a drama, and what an actor!
What nature, what suppleness, what powers of insinua-
tion, what inflexions of voice; what transparency and
lucidity of style ; what negligent grace of language.
Actor you deceive me, but why should I complain; you
deceive even yourself; you play your part to admiration,
but it is only a part. I know that very well, and yet I
allow myself to be ravished by your seductions. I give
myself up to you; so long as you speak I am under a
charm; and I almast prefer to listen to error from your
mouth, to hear truth from any other. . • • •
" He is more elastic than a spring of the finest steel
—he bends and unbends—he rises and falls with his
subject—he will roll himself spirally round a question
from its base to its summit—he mounts, descends, re-
mounts, hangs in the branches, hides himself in the
thickest foliage, appears, disappears, and passes a thou-
sand times in and out with the pretty agility of a
squirrel—he would extract money even from a stone—
where others glean, he reaps. He extends his plumage,
and shows, by turns, every hue of purple, gold, and
azure. He does not speak, he coos—he does not coo, he
lisps—he does not lisp, he warbles—and he is so dazzling
both to the eye and to the ear, that one does not know
which to admire most, his plumage or his song. He
will give you a speech of three hours' length on archi-
tecture, poetry, law, navigation, or war, and yet he is
neither a poet. a lawyer, a mariner, or a soldier—all he
will require is an evening's preparation. If he describes
a battle he astonishes the oldest generals. If he speaks
of walls, roofs, stone, and mortar, you would actually
believe him to be a mason or an architect. He will
dispute with Gay-Lussac on questions of chemistry, and
teach Arago how to direct his telescope at Venus or
Jupiter.
•• The fine arts, canals, roads, finances. commerce,
history, the press, politics, anecdotes of the streets,
theatres, war, literature, religion, municipalities, mo-
rality, amusements, great things, middling things, little
things—what does it matter to him, he is ready at all.
He is so, because in fact he is prepared upon nothing.
He does not speak like other orators, because be speaks
Ike people of the world. Other orators prepare them-
selves more or less, but he improvises ; other orators
perorate, but be chats ; and who can be on their guard
against a man who chats like you or me ? What did I
say ? infiuitely better than you, or than me, or than any
one else.
"I have one fault, however, to find with M. Thiers.
It is, that sometimes be cannot restrain his laughter
when he is descending from the tribune. Now, a good
comedian never laughs at the farce which he plays. On
this point, M. Thiers has something to learn. If M.
Thiers spoke slower, he would be less listened to ; but
his volubility is such, that the House cannot go before
him, or even follow him. Once started, he proceeds at
full gallop, from the morning to the evening. It the
Almighty had foreseen that the day would come on
which he would create a Thiers, he would undoubtedly
have made the earth turn on its axis in forty-eight hours
instead of twenty-four."
The " Scamper through the Long Vacation " is pur-
sued without any abatement of vivacity, and the con-
edueirngetheiss
magnificent ballad of
con-
tributor rattles over the continent at a breakneck
Leonora
speed and with a charming
ingvojuie translated
nslß
at
number with vigour and delicacy. Of the passionate
freedom of the translation some notion may be formed
from this agonized stanza :
" Oh, mother, mother, Gone is Gone
Departed is Departed I
Woe, woe is me I—Alone, alone,
Alone and broken-hearted !
Die out, die out, my
life's lost light I
Down, dawn, in everlasting Night I
God spoe ! my soul despaireth!"
areth not nor careth,
Woe I w
The anguish of the unfortunate Leonora is portrayed,
even in the English, with a force that at times is
absolutely horrible—up to the catastrophe where she
is carried away, not by her lover, as she imagines,
but by the Goblin Death. The second and
concluding part of the contribution on " The
British Theatre " is in parts excellent, in
other parts extravagant. A few indifferent commen-
dations of Edmund Kean—Kean, whose acting of
Sir Giles Overreach was so sublime in its passion,
that its representation once threw Lord Byron into
an epileptic fit—is followed by several pages of the
most outre and preposterous flattery of Miss Fanny
Kemble, now Mrs. Butler. After a somewhat im-
pious compliment to this lady—to the effect that,
supposing she were united to a congenial husband,
"it would escape the common law of humanity, and
cease to aspire after immortality"—the writer cooly
says that some of her sonnets will "bear a com-
parison with Gray's Ode to Spring,' or Hemans's
Graves of a Household, or—(the insolence of the
thing !)—with Moore's Irish Melodies." Dr. Mad-
den's "Life of Emmet" is reviewed with some impar-
tiality, though the writer cannot sympathise with the
ardour of that young and patriotic orator. Carle-
ton's very powerful fiction of "The Black Prophet"
is completed, and will add to his already high and
national reputation.

COLB URN'S UTVII E 1) SERVICE MAGAZINE.
The papers on the present war in Kafir Land are
continued, and will be read with much interest. Mr.
G. F. Herman gives us a very spiri'ed account of two
episodes in the late Carlist war, viz., "The March of
Gomez round Spain," and the expedition of Don
Carlos beyond the Ebro in the summer of 1837.
The latter was within an ace of capturing Christina
and her children in the capital. The Carlist advanced
guard, under the command ,f Cabrera, were within
half a league, and nothing but the rapid advance of
Espartero, who twice engaged and twice defeated
these Carlist troops, saved the throne of the Queen.
Mr. Herman tells the story of these adventures most
graphically. The Reminiscences of the war of Suc-
cession in Portugal are continued, and we have several
valuable papers on naval and military matters. The
following observations on the dangers of invasion and
the necessity of instructing the great mass of the
people in the use of defensive weapons, are well wor-
thy serious attention :

" However unwilling Englishmen may be to realise
the possibility of an invasion, or even a partial violation
of our native land, it is au event which the advance of
science has rendered practicable, and by the course of
events may become more than probable.
" It is unnecessary for us to consult the four. quarters
of the wind for a sign—it is before our eyes—a festering
hatred of this country, begun at Agincourt, and perfected
at Waterloo, supplies the motive, however it may be
concealed under the silken folds of the entente cordiale.

" The responsibility of employing with the greatest
advantage the service of the regular troops, and the 'tic
cessory torcas,' rests entirely with those men who study
the art of war, and are fitted by nature and experience

to command ; but. it. Ile duty of individuals to 'wider
themselve capabic 1..; the army by personal address
and skill in the i : E.IS. _

The object of e ~nmurication is to direct gene-
ral attention to the thoi.ugh helplessness of the mass of
the middle classes in eve: y' thing that relates to the very
elements of military life ; nothing but the inducement
brought about by the u, approach of danger will tempt
our merchants or our lawyers to withdraw themselves
from their counting-houses, or their offices, to acquire
the rudiments of organialtion in masses ; but I would
strenuously recommend that the utmost encouragement
should be given to the acquirement of some degree of
familiarity in the uae of fire-arms ; an accomplishment
in which, as a people, we are lamentably deficient. How
many individuals, it may be asked, in a hundred, could
hit a haystack at the distance of 150 yards ? Not
many. In order to overcome this disadvantage, I would
recommend the general formation of Rifle Clubs; the
members of which should frequently meet for practice,
and at stated intervals to contend for prizes. By such
meetings we should insensibly become familiar with the
use of fire-arms, and particularly of a weapon which may
serve our country in the hour of need and I bolieve
that the skill obtained in this exercise would yield a
higher reward than that which is acquired in practising
with bows and arrows."

We hope that not only will rifle clubs supersede
archery clubs, but that the Government will encou-
rage the formation of them in every district by giv-
ing to the members of them certain privileges and
exemptions, in the same manner as they have so pro-
perly encouraged the formation of yacht clubs. It
is a subject deserving very serious attention.

THE MILITARY MAGAZINE.
This magazine, if kept up with the spirit exhibited
in the present number, cannot fail to succeed. It is
not only the soldier's friend, but his champion like-
wise, and the soldier will not he the less disposed to
accept the advice tendered to him by his friend, be-
cause, when occasion requires it, he is his champion
likewise. The following observations on the recent
peace lectures delivered at the Hall of Commerce are
admirable :

" The argument of the lecturers at the Hall of Com-
merce was, that war is a horrible, and peace a desirable
thing. This is as true as if said by poor Richard'
himself. The highest living authority has pronounced
it impossible to exagg( rat e the horrors of war. Man's
imagination—indeed, woman's too—lags in the wake of
the reality. As the bray of trumpets has often drowned
the groans, entreaties, aye, and curses of the wounded
and dying on the battle field, so does the news of victory
—with the details of gallant daring and brave endurance
--drive from the thought of those who live at home in
case the agonies, present and enduring, that very victory
has entailed. All that we grant; we grant, too, that the
rights of property in a scene of warfare are set et nought;
life has no sacredness, for it is the soldier's duty to de-
stroy it in his enemy—to take it from men with whom
he has no personal quarrel, whom he very properly re-
gards with no animosity. These things, and many more,
have been stated by the lecturers in question (and their
motives are deserving of all respect, while their eloquence
is that of earnest men) ; but the remedy they would
apply would aggravate the evil they seek to remove.
Let the belief once be established in England that a
soldier, even a private sohiier, is not an honourable, as
well as necessary calling, let the people be induced to
think that war is but a base and bloody trade—let dis-
content be engendered at the cost of the two services,
and a niggard spirit be allowed by the Legislature to
reduce the numbers and lessen tae efficiency of the men,
and the materiel of war, and what would be the result ?
War would be inevitable, because victory over this
wealthy country would be thought assured.
What caused the Americans to consent to the peaceful
settlement of the Oregon question? what but the know-
ledge that England was fully prepared for war ? That,
though not anxious to wound, she was prepared to strike,
and to strike home too. What, we repeat, in this in-
stance manifestly preserved the peace ? Our being
armed at all points for war. And so, until society is
very different, it will ever be.
" No, Gentlemen of the Peace Society, if you succeed
in making the soldier's calling an unpopular and, there-
fore, a slighted one—if you succeed in diminishing the
number of oar forces, and making an army and a navy
appear costly encumbrances, the Emperor Nicholas, Mr.
President Polk, and M. Thiers would declare that, to
their views, you were the best friends the age had pro-
duced."

THE POOR REMOVAL ACT.
The following circular has been issued by the I'.oors
law Commissionersprlaw c
to
Commission-office, clerks
of boards oefrgseutarlltuansse:
,
December 4, 1846.
"Sir,—The attention of the Poor-law Commissioners
has been directed to certain cases in which it is alleged
that relief has been either wholly refused or inadequately
supplied, by boards of guardians, to poor persons who,
through the operation of the late statute relating to the
removal of tie poor, have now become irremovable from
parishes in which they were resident, though settled
elsewhere.
" The Commissioners believe that this conduct has,
in part, resulted from au erroneous supposition that
poor persons so circumstanced are not entitled to relief
in the parishes where they reside.
" The Commissioners desire to impress upon the
guardians that a long course of authorities, consisting of
legal decisions and the opinions of the ablest text
writers upon this subject, has established the rule, that
the poor are to be relieved, as their necessities require,
in and by the parish where they are resident.
"Indeed, the proposition that the poor who happen to
be destitute in any particular place are not to be re-
lieved there by the officers who have the administration
of the relief, until it is ascertained that they are settled
there, or are casual poor, or that some other parish is
under a legal liability to repay the relief, is so contrary
to all established principles upon the subject, that the
Commissioners have only thus adverted to it because
they are informed that such a doctrine has recently
been circulated, and may have influenced some of the
boards of guardians in their course of action.
" The Commissioners have already, in their circular
letter of the 20th of October last, pointed out, that no
difference ought to be made in the treatment of the two
classes of paupers settled, and paupers simply irremov-
able, with reference to the nature, quantity, or quality
of relief administered to them.
" The Commissioners admit, indeed, that the cases of
the non-settled poor may, for the most part, require to
be carefully considered by the boards of guardians, who,
by the operation of this statute, are called upon to re-
lieve them, because it may be found that the relief here-
tofore supplied by a distant authority has been inappli-
cable, either in kind or quantity, to the party requiring
it, or that the case has not been sufficiently investigated.
"If, therefore, the guardians direct a careful inquiry
to be made into the circumstances of the parties and the
actual necessities of the cases with a view simply of satis-
fying themselves as to the proper relief to be admistered,
and on receiving the result of such inquiry proceed to
administer the relief as they would do under similar cir-
cumsta,,ces in respect to a settled pauper in their union,
no objection can be made to their proceedings. But if
any difference be made for the purpose of compelling the
paupers, now irremovable, to seek relief in other parishes,
it is clear that the course will be generally adopted by
unions and parishes as a matter of self-defence, and that
great suffering and hardship to the poor must ensre.
"There can be no doubt that such a course of pro-
ceeding is st variance with the spirit of the recent
statute, which assumes that the irremovable poor, so lone
as their residence remains unchanged, will be relieved in
the same manner, and on the same terms, as the settled
poor.
"I am desired to request the guardians to point out to
the relieving-officers the effect of these observations, and
to warn them that the Commissioners will consider any
neglect of the poor who may be resident within their re-
spective districts, although not settled therein, equally
culpable with the neglect of the settled poor, and will not
hesitate to treat any refusal of relief to the irremovable
poor, on the ground of their settlement elsewhere, as a
gross violation of their duty.
" The Commissioners wish to advert to one other point,
namely, the continuance of non-resident relief. In the
observations which they have made in their circular
letter of the 17th September last upon this subject, they
have not advised the guardians to discontinue the relief
in cases where the non-resident paupers are removable.
They desire it to be understood that they by no means
recommend an indiscriminate withdrawal of such relief.
They believe that the boards of guardians may find it
desirable, in many cases in which the statute does not
apply, to continue that relief, and the Commissioners do
not consider that it would be unlawful for them to adopt
this course, although it may not be advisable now to
allow it for the first time even in cases where it would
not be unlawful.
" I have the honour to be, Sir, your obedient servant,
" W. G. LUMLEY, Assistant-Secretary.

M. EUGENE SUE AND MR.
MITCHELL

The following letter has been addressed to Mr. Mit-
chell, the director of the French Plays ;
" I learn, Sir, from my excellent friend the Count
d'Orsay, that many persons of the highest consideration
in England intend to offer you a public testimonial of the
esteem in which they hold you, and of the lively na-
tional interest they take in the establishment which you,
Sir, direct, with so much intelligence, and with so en-
lightened a love for the fine arts. I should rejoice, Sir,
to add my name to those who so justly appreciate your
exertions, and to express to you, as a Frenchman, all
my gratitude for the generous and elevated zeal with
which you foster and popularise in England, French
dramatic art and literature, even as you so brilliantly
inaugurated in France the master productions of Eng.
lish dramatic art. Continue, my friend, to act thus—
to retain the approbation of persons of heart and of
taste ; for such intellectual exchanges between our two
nations must necessarily extend to their enlightenment,
their aggrandisement, by creating a reciprocity of feel-
ing for genius, of which both have so much reason to
beproud.—Receive, Sir, &c.
" EUGENE SUE."

A clever attempt was made on Saturday evening
by a well-dressed thief, to steal about 4004 worth of
plate, the property of Mr. Johnson. the late Lord Mayor
of London. One of Alderman Johnson's servants was
employed in loading a cab, at the private door of the
Mansion-houw, with the goods of his master, and as soon
as a chest of plate was deposited on the driver's box a
man bustled into the vehicle suddenly and ordered the
driver to set off for the Brighton railroad as quickly as
possible. Ihe cabman, supposing that the person who
gave him the order was duly authorised, began to turn
his horse round, but, luckily, one of the attendants at
the Mansion-house, v‘ ho was assisting
in packing up the
goods, caught a glimpse of the cab, and called out to
the driver that there was something more for hint to
carry. The thief inside immediately opened the door at
the far side, upon being asked what he had to do with
the property, and disappeared in a twinkling. Even the
most experienced officers of the police admitted that the
dexterity with which the experiment was made proved,
that the candidate for the plate was a fellow of first-rate
genius.
THE BRITISH MUSEUM.—On Saturday the entire
collection of antique sculpture, &c., deposited in the
Townley Gallery of the British Museum, was removed,
preparatory to the demolition of the gallery, which is to
take place forthwith, a gallery similar is size and archi-
tecture to the Egyptian to be built on its site. The new
rooms in the western wing, intended for the reception of
mammalia, are to be thrown open to the public during
the Christmas holidays.
WAKEFIELD CORN MARKET, DEC. 4.—The arrival
to this day's market is moderate. We have a fair
demand for each article in the trade, without any quota-
ble variation in price.
THE DEPUTY CORONER AND THE MARYLEISONE
VESTRY.—On Saturday, at a meeting of the board of
directors and guardians of the poor of St. Marylebone,
a motion was made calling for a special meeting to in-
vestigate the duties of the inspectors of the out-door
poor, when Mr. Mallalieu said that Mr. Kitchener, fore-
man of the jury in the late inquest on Louisa Mordaunt,
had told him that the jury generally considered there
was more blame attached to the family of the Mordaunts
than to the parochial officers, and he (the foreman) was
much opposed to the censure conveyed by the verdict,
but had a most unruly jury to contend with. The chair-
man thought the foreman of the jury ought to have ex-
pressed these sentiments to the coroner. Mr. Potter
said he thought the term unruly could not properly apply
to the jury ; on the contrary, they were too subservient
in submitting to be made the tools of the deputy-coroner.
After some further observations on the conduct of the
deputy-coroner, the motion was carried and the board
adjourned. At the same meeting Messrs. Glosier,
Ridgeway, and Gomm drew the attention of the vestry
to the horrifying condition of the poor, and stated that
the coal and potato society, for the benefit of the dis-
tressed, had not only exhausted its funds, but had also
incurred considerable debt. They recommended the
vestry to advance 501. to enable the society to purchase
coals and pototoes to be given to the poor at cost price.
On Saturday night, a thief went into the shop of a
watchmaker, in Mark-lane, just as the proprietor, who
has been in the habit of packing up his goods in a bag
the thief seized
preparing to
adnepdatraLkinTg
htehebmag hlaoymuepeovnetrtyleeevoetninintegr,_was
it—threw a handful of pepper into the face of the shop-
keeper, and ran down Mark lane. The plundered man
roared
edffowecnt
o f
thetuht
be
g lustily,pepper,and
a rnd
vanished.
ou
tNa notwithstandingfotenre ,
the)f t t
thei
thief,
property
w hbol i
tnhdry
enawgs
lost. The thief escaped.

An engagement has been settled with Mr. Bunn
for the production of The Bohemian Girl. The Enchan-
tress &c., with the operatic company of Drury-lane, at
the Surrey Theatre. The performances will commence
en Easter Monday.
MADAME BISHOP.— At the close of Madame
Bishop's present engagement at Drury-lane, this distin-
guished vocalist will proceed upon her tour, which will
comprise Dublin,
Edinburgh, and the principal cities of
England. The sum guaranteed to her by the Birming-
ham director alone amounts to 600. So numerous are
her engagements, that every hour will be engrossed for
two months. She will return to London in time for the
season.
concert
i The operas n which Madame Bishop
is to appear are La Sonnambula, Anra Bolen% Linda di
Chamouni, Lucia de Lammermoor, L'Elisir
tr Amore, and
The Maid or Artois. Her engagements fir the month
of January will amount to nearly a thousand pounds !
a gratifying instance of the high popularity and splendid
talents of a native artiste.
It was stated in the House of Commons, last
session, that Sir William Nott, the hero of Candahar,
died in affluent circumstances, and that Lady Nott, his
widow, was consequently well provided for as residuary
legatee under his will Such, however, was incorrect;
for, since then, the affairs have got into Chancery; and
it appears, upon the oath of Lady Nott, the executrix.
that unless the small freehold property at Carmarthen
should sell at a very advanced price,' there will not be
enough, after paying the debts, to pay the legacies to
the daughters; and that Lady Nott, being entitled only
to the residue, will consequently take nothing under the
will.--Morning Post.
HAnEs.—The supply of hares amongst the poul-
terers in the London markets has never been so plenti-
ful, nor the price so cheap. as during the past week.
Those of the finest size and quality were on Saturday
selling at from ls. 6d. to 2s. each.

LORD SHREWSBURY AND MR.
O'CONNELL.

The following very interesting communication, from
the Earl of Shrewsbury, hes been fo-,:arded to us by
Dr. John Shiel, of Ballyshannon, to whom it is ad-
dressed :

"Alton Towers, Nov. 30, 1846.
"My dear am sorry to learn, by your favour
of the 25th, that there can be any party in Ireland so
base and so ungrateful, es to be endeavouring to prrju-
dice the people against O'Connell, under the plea that
he has sold his services to the Government for an equi-.
valent in patronage.
"In whatever difficulties he may be placed, I have
sufficient confidence in his honesty and integrity, to be
convinced that he will never barter his independence for
anything short of justice to his country—and that he
may live to see the triumph of that cause which he has
so long, so ably, and so energetically advocated, as a re-
ward for his unrivalled activity and devotion to a great
principle, is what we must all sincerely desire—though
we may differ, and differ widely, in opinion, on the de-
tails of those arrangements by which that principle is to
be carried out.

" Did we require a proof of the honesty and sincerity
of his estimation of the means which he called forth
for the accomplishment of his end, we certainly now
have it in the honest indignation with which he has
rejected an appeal to physical, as long as even
the most distant hope existed that moral force could
be brought to bear upon the question ; and as far
as I can form a judgment, O'Connell's character and
reputation never stood so high before the public in Eng-
land as it does now ; not only from his just conceptions
of his duty as a loyal subject, but from his unwearied
and unremitted exertions in the cause of humanity during
the appalling ♦isitation with which it has pleased Provi-
dence to afflict his unfortunate country. It is, therefore,
doubly surprising to us, that amongst those whom he
has so long been, and still is, endeavouring to benefit
and befriend, there should be found any so devoid of
feeling and gratitude as to malign and calumniate him
—the more especially in a moment in which his exer-
tions seem the most likely to be crowned with success,
and that a kind and merciful Providence may at length
look down with complacency, or with pity, on his suf-
fering countrymen, and, through his instrumentality,
raise them from the state of degradation which has so
long lowered them, in spite of the splendid qualities of
their nature, in the scale of social beings, is still, and
again, the earnest prayer, dear sir, of your us t obe-
dient humble servant, " SHdEWSBURY.
" You also inform me that a pension of 1001. a year
was offered to good Father Mathew. There is no price
at which the services of that extraordinary man could be
repaid ; bnt, surely, a much larger sum would be well
spent in enabling him (and that lam sure is all that he
desires) to carry out a scheme which has done, and will,
doubtless, continue to do, more towards endicating
crime and bettering the social arid physical condition of
the people than any that could be devised ; and we must
still hope that Government will not neglect to avail itself
of so easy a means of attaining so great an end.—
Dublin Evening Post.

THE LATE MARQUIS of AILSA,Ka.
Probate of the will of the late most Hon: Archibald
Marquis of Ailsa, of the United Kingdom, Earl of Cas-
aillis in Scotland, of Cullean Castle, Ayrshire, North
Britain; of Whitehall-gardens, and of St. Margar- t's.
Isleworth, Middlesex, has been grant, d by the Prerega
Live Court in London, to the executors and trustees, Sir
David Baird, Bart., Colonel Jonathan Peel, and Sir John
A. Cathcart, Bart. The personalty in England, and
within the provinces of Canterbury, was estimated for
duty at 160,0001. His grandson, the present Marquis
of Ailsa, eldest son of the deceased Marquis's eldest
son, the late Earl of Cassillis, succeeds to the entailed
estates of Cassillis and Cullean, and by the law of Scot-
land there is a power possessed of making provision
from entailed estates for the wife and younger children,
of which his Lordship availed himself; and has charged
the entailed estate in Scotland with the payment of
3,5001. per annum, which he has settled on his relict the
Marchioness, and has made a large provision for his
younger children. All the unentailed estate, property,
and effects, heritable and moveable, real and personal,
carriages, horses, pictures, plate, furniture, &c., to be
held in trust, and that his relict, the Marchioness, may
either enjoy a life interest from certain estates or a sum
equivalent, and the selection of any part of plate, and
the furniture, books, and pictures not specifically dis-
posed of, for her own use absolutely, and a sum of
2,000/. for mourning. Besides the furniture, plate, and
pictures at Cullean Castle, there is to be transferred
there a piece of silver plate, with an engraving repre-
senting what was termed by the family" his father's
battle;" also the following pictures as heir-looms, viz.,
Mary Queen of Scots and James her father; Louis XIV.
introducing King James to his Queen; Buonaparte; Gil-
bert, Earl of Cassillis; the Lioness in the net. The Mar-
quis has left to the children of the late Earl of Cassillis
a legacy of 4,000/. to eaeh, and to the children of Lady
Ann Baird, 2,0001. each, and like legacies to others of
his family, as well as specific bequests of pictures and
plate. To his executors 500/. each, and liberal legacies
to his servants. The residue to his grandchildren in
certain specified proportions. The deceased Marquis
made a will for England and another for Scotland, both
of even date—the 11th September, 1843. His Lordship
attained his seventy-sixth year, and died on the Bth of
September last. He was created Marquis by King Wil-
liam IV. in 1831. The Earldom of Cassillis was made
in 1509.

THE IMPOLICY OF DISCONTINU-

ING THE GROWTH OF POTATOES.
The following letter has been addressed to the elitor
of Bell's Weekly Messenger :
Sir,—l promised, as early as convenient, to send you
the result of the experiment of leaving. the tops on the
late sorts of potatoes. All that has been written and
said about cutting off the tops to check the disease and
insure sound bulbs is absurd and fallacious. Most as-
suredly it checks their growth, and that is all it does do.
Those who did it this season will not repeat it another.
The potatoes on which I allowed the tops to remain were
sounder, larger, and better boilers than those from which
I removed them. It is now quite certain that the newest
varieties are the best. The old Rushford blue, that has
been so long grown in this part of the country, has de-
generated very much indeed, and cannot again be planted
with any degree of certainty. The red, a fashionable
potato in the west of England, failed altogether with
us, and many of the delicate varieties are gone. The
white potatoes, of which there are several excellent
varieties, and Phillips's blues, stand better than any,
other. The latter, in appearance, resemble the Wor-
cester silk, and partake very much of the nature of the
Rushford, only that they present a smoother surface,
and are of a deeper colour. lam convinced that the
more lime and the less manure that is applied to the land
for potatoes the better. The proprietors of allotment
ground will do wisely to present their tenants with a
little lime next season, for nothing is more suitable to the
potato. The idea of discontinuing the growth of this
valuable esculent, because it has failed the last two
years, is too preposterous to be entertained for a mo-
ment. We might just as well discontinue the growth of
turnips, swedes, and even cucumbers, for they have been
similarly affected, although not to the extent of the for-
mer. None but the hardier sorts of potatoes must be
planted, and that much earlier than is usually done, say
in March instead of the latter end of April or beginning
of May, as is too frequently the case. Those potatoes
that were planted early this year are a fair crop and
but little injured. Even supposing the frosts should
check the early planted, which is seldom the case, de-
pend upon it, more are injured by late planting from
drought than by the frosts of April. It is said that
about eighty years ago the potatoes were affected in the
same way they have been the last-two years, but that
after the third year they suffered no more. Let us hope
that it may be so again, for, whatever substitute you
may introduce on the working man's table, rest &allured
that nothing will please and satisfy him so well as a few
smoking hot mealy potatoes. It is all very well for
those that have abundance of otherithings to recommend
peas,_ swedes, and mangold wurtzel, but it is not so easy
to change the taste of a nation long accustomed to one
kind of food. Let us trust to an over-ruling Providence,
and I have little fear that the scourge will pass over,
and that the poor man will again be comforted by a sight
and taste of that vegetable which none of us can dis-
pense with, and which t. him this season is sot teat a
luxury.—Yours faithfully,
Wick, Nov. 23. H. HUDSON. JUN.

EXTRAORDINARY-NECESSITY
COCHRANE.

If the ports are not opened, it is not for want of agita-
tion. If Mr. Cochrane cannot earn for himself a good
name and a testimonial, be may, if he persevere man•
fully, earn for himself a nick-name, and a tolerable share
of ridicule. We should not be surpriied if he went
down to posterity with Single-speech Hamilton, Prospe-
rity Robinson, and other gentlemen of the same fortu
nate class, as " Extraordinary-Necessity Cochrane."
He is resolute to make out a case of extraordinary neces-
sity against Lord John Russell—but the Firbt Lord of
the Treasury is not to be convinced ; the Home Secretary
is not to be convinced ; the public is not to be convinced.
The only extraordinary necessity discernible, is the ne-
cessity of thanking God and being contented. No one
but Mr. Cochrane and his disciples can recognise in the
fact of a steady fall in the price of every description
of food any extraordinary necessity for opening
the ports by an Order in Council. The question, be it
remembered, it not whether the last rag of protection is
to be torn in pieces by a vote of the representatives cf
the people ; but whether the Ministry should take upon
themselves the responsibility of an unconstitutional act
—an act only justifiable under the pressure of some
ex-
traordinary necessity. Mr. Cochrane, it is true, has
discovered this necessity, in an increasing abundance of
food, which may, perhaps, end in a glut—in a deprecia-
tion of prices which may eventually be ruinous to pri-
vate speculators—but the discoveries of men, who are to
go down to posterity, are not always appreciable by
the understandings of ordinary individuals, whose
fame will die with them ; and we confess that we
are sufficiently obtase not to perceive that it be-
comes more and more incumbent on Government to open
the ports, as the once-prevailing scarcity becomes a tradi-
tion and the prospects of the country steadily improve.
Mr. Cochrane has fallen upon evil times. He was born,
as an agitator, a few months too late. In vain he ex-
claims to the prices of food, in the words of Milton's
Satan—

" Awake 1 arise ! or be for ever fallen 1"

The exhortation is not heeded. They prefer their fallen
state. It is impossible to say what, under happier
auspices, he might not have achieved ; but now, whether
he exhaust the patience of the Premier, or operate upon
the unfailing urbanity of the Home Secretary, who will
not pay the agitators the compliment of being ruffled, he
bids fair in these hard times, encountered as he is by the
stern refusal of esculents in general, and bread in par-
ticular, to rise at his bidding, to achieve for himself no-
thing more than the name of " Extra( trdinary-Necessity
Cochrane ;" and if he be very ambitious of that distinc•
Lion we may help him to secure it.—Atlas.

DESPERATE HIGHWAY ROB-