The Sun.
London, England, 1846-03-14 00:00:00

AMERICAN NEWS.

LI VERPOO r,, TIT URCDAY,

The packet-ship Rochester, Captain Britton, has arrived
from New York, bringing na intelligence to the very late date
of the evening of the 21st.

By the Rochester we have news of the effect produced in
America by the outward arrival of the steamer Cambria.
Her arrival was looked for with much anxiety ; vessels had
been chartered by the New York newspapers to cruise for
vessels from Europe, and at the time of the Cambria reach-
ing no news from England had been received for thirty-one
days, and her advices extended over that unusually long
period of time. In order to convey an idea of the interest
excited for this vessel's arrival, we may mention that the
New York papers had expresses from Halifax to New York
at an expense of three thousand dollars. It was the first
attempt ever made to run the news overland from this the
first port at which the steamer touches. The Cambria did
not beat the expresses, and was prevented being the herald
into Boston of the intelligence she had conveyed across the
Atlantic.

Instantly on the Cambria's dispatches being landed at
Boston, expresses were dispatched in all directions, and it
will scarcely be credited in England that the news from
England was conveyed from Boston to New York, a distance
of 250 nines, in seven hours twenty five minutes.

Our news by the Rochester is of great interest, as convey-
ing the feelings of the American nation on the great measure
of free-trade proposed by Sir Robert Peel, full details of which
were taken out by the Cambria. All the papers hail it as
the greatest blessing, and more especially as tending to force
on a peaceful settlement of the Oregon question. War seems
to be scouted as a thing not to be dreamt of, and Mr. Presi-
dent Polk and his crew are regularly pitched overboard in
the joyous outburst of feeling consequent on such an early
prospect of commercial union between the two countries.
The Cambria's news reached New York on the morning of
the 19th, and was printed in extenso by the papers of that
day. From the tenor of our private advices it would seem
as though the New Yorkers looked on Mr. Polk and his war
talk as mere secondary considerations, and as if they were
determined to take the settlement of Oregon and other
differences into their own hands. Everything was lost sight
of in Sir Robert Peel's free-trade measure.
On the arrival at New York of the Cambria's dispatches,
the New York Express. in giving vent to its satisfaction and
delight, thus opened the ball:—
" The news from Europe received by the steamer is hailed
by all classes as most pacific and favourable. The expres-
sion of the Queen in her Speech in Parliament, and Sir R.
Peel's remarks in the House are so decidedly friendly, that
all possibility of war from the other side is at an end. All
the belligerent spirit is manifested here, and none by Great
Britain.

" The news had an instant effect to carry up stock, and
to give life and animation to everything. All was congra-
tulation that the tone is so different in England from what
we receive from Washington.
" It is believed by all that this intelligence will have a de-
cided influence in Congress, and that the measures that will
be adopted in the Senate will be of a character to meet the
feeling manifested in Great Britain."
The Commercial Adcertiser thus instantly recorded its
opinion :7

" We have only room to say that, as a whole and in all its
parts, we look upon Sir Robert Peel's measure as one of the
grandest and boldest ever submitted to a legislature. It is
in effect a complete abandonment of the policy which has
governed England for centuries—the adoption of a new sys-
tem, and we b:lieve there would be no hazard in prophesying
that it opens before England a new career of prosperity and
greatness, more splendid even than that in which she has
marched at any phase of her national existence. But what
is of more interest to us and to the world, it commits Eng-
land—binds her down—to the cultivation and study of peace,
while it strengthens the motives of interest that incline other
nations to the maintenance of peace with her."
The New York Herald notices the Cambria's news as
follows :

" The advises from Europe received by the Cambria are of
more importance to this country than any received at any
time within the past 20 years. Their commercial import-
ance must be acknowledged by every interest in the country.
The agricultural classes will be particularly benefited by the
reductions in the tariff proposed by Sir Robert Peel. The
corngrowers and provision dealers of the west, the ricegrowers
of South Carolina, the wooden clock manufacturers of Con-
necticut, and, in fact, all parties, will be benefited by the re-
duction of the duties proposed by Sir Robert Peel.
" The proposed changes in the tariff of Great Britain, the
proposed reduction in the duties heretofore levied upon many
of the staple products of this country, and the proposed
modification in the tariff of the United States, reducing it to
a strict revenue standard, will, if adopted, draw the two
countries much nearer together in the bonds of commerce,
and, therefore, make an irruption more ruinous to both than
it otherwise would. The more unrestricted the commercial
intercourse of any two nations, the more interested each is
in the preservation of peaceful relations, and the cultivation
of those things so necessary in maintaining friendly feelings.
The commercial and manufacturing interests of the two
countries—United States and Great Britain—are now so in-
timately blended, and so deeply involved with each other,
that it is almost a guarantee that no hostilities, or no inter-
, ruption in any shape of the present peace, can take place.
War between two such nations is almost out of the question.
When we take into consideration how much it requires to
draw two such nations into a rupture, the idea of our ever
reaching such a point cannot for a moment be entertained."
Regarding the Oregon question, nothing decisive has taken
place in Congress. The debate in the Senate was still going;
on, and the steamer will no doubt bring us the result. The
speeches are all of the same character, and it is perfectly
useless to refer to them. The Cambria's news had reached
Washington just as our last express was being dispatclhd.
It had given the liveliest satisfaction. A correspondent says,
" Peel's glorious measure will carry all before him here. POlk
and war must go to the wall."
The Cambria's news reached Washington on the 20th, and
is thus noticed in a letter dispatched by express:--
" The pacific character Of the news has set our stockmen
wild, and the anticipated abrogation of the corn-laws, sad
the adoption in the mercantile world of the principles of free
trade, has created immenee excitement. It is a good omen
fur the friends of true freedom throughout the world."
A grand dinner was given at Washington on the 17th ult.,
by the American engineers composing the surveying party
running the line of the north-eastern boundary, to the gen-
tlemen engaged on the English side of the survey. There
were between 30 and 40 persons present, including Daniel
Webster, who negotiated the treaty, the present Secretary of
State, Secretary of the Navy, Secretary of War, Secretary of
the Treasury, the British 'Minister, the American and bri-
tish Commissioners to run the line, and several other persons
of distinction.
Our latest accounts of Congressional proceedings st Wash-
ington are communicated in the following letter of the 19th
ult. :

"The Whig senators, so far, have left the Oregon question
entirely in the hands of the administration senators. The
President and his friends expect no new movements until
the arrival of the next steamer. The debate will go slowly
on in the meantime, at the rate of a speech a day, or one in
two days. Mr. Dix opened the question of title to day, and
based the American claim almost exclusively upon the
Spanish title. A great many men, who are investigating
this subject here for the first time, fall back upon the same
ground of claim, though with a very different conclusion.
The more the subject is investigated the stronger will be-
come the testimony that Great Britain not only never ad-
mitted this Spanish title, but that Spain yielded her title
to exclusive possession, occupancy, settlement, trade, or ex-
clusive right of any sort. The more, therefore, we fall back
upon this Spanish title, the more we weaken our exclusive
claims to the whole cf Oregon. Mr. Adams so reasoned in
his speech, and both Mr. Gellatin and Mr. Rives have
shown in their recent letters upon this subject. Sober-
minded' men all over the city continue to remark that this
Oregon question will be settled upon the 49th degree of
north latitude. No one pretends to see, or to say, exactly
how this will be done, but almost everybody jumps to the
conclusion that between us and England there can be no war,
and that as the 49th degree of north latitude is the basis of
a proper compromise, it will be so settled. If this be public
opinion, as it seems to be, the Executive will have to abide
by it."

Colonel Benton was one of the speakers who addressed the
Senate on the Oregon question. He was for the notice, but
thus treated it :

"The notice was not only a peaceful measure, but the
first step in an indispensable series of measures for preserving
peace. The present he regarded as a most auspicious period
for settling the matter. The two Governments were at
peace, and good understanding prevailed between them.
No collision had yet occurred between the parties in pos-
session—no blood had been shed—no point of honour was
involved, and nothing had been done to arouse angry feeling.
He should vote for the notice as an amicable measure, for
such he regarded it, but come what come may, he should
vote for it."
It would appear that ere long the Atlantic Ocean will be
traversed by steamers so as to make the communication at
the least weekly. A contract has been entered into by the
Government of the United States with the Ocean Steam
Navigation Company, chartered iu New York, for the esta-
blishment of a line of steam ships, to run between New
York and Europe. A vessel is to take her departure
twice in each month, fur Cowes and Bremen. The Govern-
ment is to pay 400,000 dols. per annum for the conveyance
of the mail, &c. The vessels are to be of not less than
1,400 tons burden, and they are to make their voyages with
speed not less than that of the British and North American
line. The arrangements for building are in active progress,
and it is expected that the first will be ready to start on the
Ist ofJanuary, 1847.
The American papers record a sad list of shipwrecks on
the American coast ; upwards of one hundred lives were
lest.

The steamer Calabria will most probably reach Livarpoo,
to-morrow.

COMMERCIAL NEWS.
New YORK, Fern. 21. The news by the Cambria has
given the greatest delight. Stocks are all rising; every •
thing looks well for business, and as to war, we may now
defy Mr. Polk and his party.
Cotton—The newspaper advises per Cambria were re-
ceived early on Thursday, which stopped transactions until
the extras were issued. During the day sonic 1,500 bales
were sold, generally at- previous prices, although one parcel
was said to have been sold at rather lower rates. There was
nothing of moment done yesterday, the letters not being
considered so favourable as the printed accounts. We make
no change in our quotations. The sales of the week amount
to 6,150 bales, as follows
Upland and Florida Texas, Mobile, and.
New Orleans.
4,600 bales. 1,550 bales.
Inferior
Ord. to good ord 6 a 64 ei a 64
Mid. to good mid. 6g a 7 a 4
Middling fair to fair 74 a 767 A 8 a
Fully lair to good fair 76 a 8} 84 a 94
Fine
Flour—The principal sales are for the City use, at 5 dols.
621/2c. for Genessee, with a light demand. Yesterday, after
the arrival of the steamer, 1,000 bls. Genessee, good brands
were sold at about 5 dole. 56 'Ac., and 500 brls. at 5 dole. 50c.,
both for export ; 200 brls. New Orleans, of good quality,
brought 5 dols. 25c. ; 500 brls. Michigan 5 dole. 50c. In
Southern the sales are at a decline, for Balthnore, of which
about 1,600 brie. have changed hands at 5 dols. 121,4 c.;
Georgetown is held at 5 dols. 37!6c., 150 brie. Brandywine
brought 3 dols. 621,4 c. ; cornmeal is dull at 3 dols. 50c. or
3 dole. 75c. per brl. Rye flour, 4 dols. a 4 dols. 121 ac..
Fruit-2,000 drums Turkey figs have been taken on pH •
vats terms; 1,000 boxes bunch raisins, 2 dole. ; 50 bales
Marseilles soft-shelled almonds, 11c. ; Mantauzas oranges, in
lots from the vessels, at 5 dole. a 6 50; Sicily walnuts, 614 a
t34c. 15 cases Genoa citron 161/tc. 6 inns.; 1,800 boxes
Palermo oranges sold under warden's inspection at 1 dol.
626 a 1 811/2, and 150 boxes lemons at 2 dots. 126 cash.
Grain—The operations in wheat are to a very limited ex •
tent. The sales of the week consist of 4,000 bushels Genes-
see and 3,000 do. inferior Illinois, both on private terms;
800 bushels inferior southern at 874 e. 1,000 bushels barley