biglam/hmd_newspapers huggingface dataset:
The Sun.
London, England, 1870-09-27

THE PRUSSIAN TERMS OF PEACE.

• The Daily News, commenting upon the conditions of
peace proposed by Bismarck, remarks : Common
sense recognition of the ways of human
nature, historical precedent, and every appro-
priate consideration, will compel us to admit that
much a conqueror did not act haughtily when
he offered a truce on such conditions as those which the
French Government indignantly rejected. We now put
out of consideration altogether the moral aspects of
the question. Let us forget for the moment that tl-e war
was forced on Germany ; that she was not merely
bullied and browbeaten and challenged, but at last
actually seized by the throat and compelled to fight.
Let us forget that the majorfty of the present rulers of
France condemned and denounced this war in its
inception as a crime, and that Jules Favre, Minister
of Foreign Affairs, repeated in the second Circular the
utterances of Jules Favre, leader of Opposition, and re-
newecl his condemnation of the policy which forced Germany
into the field. History will assuredly take good account of
these facts ; but let us for the moment consent to put
them aside. No matter how the wl,r began, or who was
the aggressor. The fact is that one of the belligerents
ha 3 won a series of victories almost unparalleled
in warfare, and is pressing on with a stead-
fast purpose towards a fixed end. The tide of
battle may possibly turn ; he may lose all
that he has won. Nothing is impossible, unless its
bare statement involves irreconcilable contradic-
tion. But nothing, humanly speaking, looks less
likely than that France can retrieve herself in this
struggle. The German is almost absolutely master
of the situation. The one only thing which would
give a chance to his enemies and involve a danger
to himself would be delay. If, then, he offers an
armistice in the interests of peace, can any one wonder
that he insists ' upon conditions which shall not leave
all the advantages of the interval absolutely
on the side of his enemies ? Any one who
cares to estimate the change which has come
over the spirit of warfare during the present cen-
tury, and the degree of influence which public opinion
exercises over the proudest conquerors, may be helped
towards an accurate judgment by comparing the terms of
armistice offered by Germany to France with those which
Napoleon the Great would have vouchsafed to any pros-
trate enemy.
London, England, 1870-09-27

AUDEVILLE THEATRE, STRAND.-
Lessees—Messrs. H. J. Montague, D. James, and T. Thorne.
THIS EVENING, at 7.30, CHISELLING. Mr. David James.
After which, at 8, the Comedy, in Three Acts, entitled TWO
ROSES, by James Albery. To conclude with the successful
Burlesque, DON CARLOS ; or, The Infante in Arms. Supported
by Messrs. 11. T. Montague, H. Irving, G. Honey, W. H.
Stephens, A. Garthorne, and T. Thorne ; Mesdames Nelly Power,
Amy Fawsitt, T. Laws, and A. Newton.
London, England, 1870-09-27

Q TON YHURST COLLEGE, PAST AND
j PRESENT : ITS HISTORY, ARCHITECTURE, TREASURES,
CURIOSITIES, &C.

Shortly will be published (Crown Bvo., 120 p.), with Illustra
tions by DALZIEL BROTHEItS, of London, a full description of
Stonyhurst College, from the earliest period to the present
time, by A. HEWITSON (" Atticus"). This description, given
by special permission of the rector, and officially
revised, will embrace the completest account yet written
of everything interesting in and about the college. Price
—ln elegant cloth, toned paper, 55.; extra do., with gut
edges, &c., 7s. 6d. Only a limited number of copies will be
printed, and orders, which cannot be received after the 6th
of October, may be forwarded to the "Chronicle" Office,
Preston.
London, England, 1870-09-27

N ITRO-GLYCERINE RENDERED HARMLESS,

The storage of nitro-glycerine at one time gave
rise to . great uneasiness, and the occurrence of a
recent accident has in some measure revived the
feeling. At the same tirae it is of the greatest ser-
vice, and as a blasting agent may be considered more
efficient and less expensive than any other explosive
substance. The power of nitro-glycerine has been
estimated as equal to from ten to thirteen times that
of gunpowder. In the mining districts of Sweden,
Belgium, France, and Germany it affords a saving of
from fifty to sixty per cent. in quarries, and from
thirty to forty per cent, in mines. It is satisfactory
to find, therefore, that the risk of accident with re-
gard to this substance has been greatly reduced. M.
Nobel, its chief manufacturer, has invented-a process
for rendering it harmless. By being mixed with a
certain proportion of alcohol it is wholly deprived
of its explosive properties. A rifle bullet may be
fired into it in this condition, and no effect be pro-
duce]. If exposed to the air the spirit will evapo-
rate, and the explosive properties return, but it may
be preserved in a harmless state for years if placed
in hermetically-sealed cases. M. Nobel supplies it
mixed after this fashion, and water is added to it
when it is prepared for use. The nitro-glycerine, on
account of its greater specific gravity sinks to the
bottom of the watery solution, which can be drawn
off with ease. The utmost care is required in the
manufacture of nitro-glycerine, for if it is not pure it
soon decomposes and will explode spontaneously. If
pure, it is safer than gunpowder or guncotton,
respecting heat or contact with fire, • _
London, England, 1870-09-27

THE PERMISSIVE LIQUOR BILL.

A meeting, which filled the Newcastle Town Hall to
overflowing, was held last evening under the presidency
of Sir Wilfrid Lawson, M.P., on the subject of the Per-
missive' Prohibitory Liquor Traffic Bill. Amongst the
speakers were Sir John Bowring, Mr. William Saunders,
Mr. Steintheil, Mr, Raper, and Professor Leone Levi.
Resolutions were unanimously and with much enthusiasm
passed, affirming the principle of prohibition, and urged
the Government to at once introduce the measure pro-
inised by them dealing with the sale of intoxicating
liquors, it being distinctly understood that the measure
would not be satisfactory unless it contained the element
of permissive prohibition.

Earl Granville has received an official note from
the French Foreign Department announcing that the
blockade of the German ports in the Baltic Sea has been
completely raised by the French squadron. _ _

Ihe sympathisers in Birmingham with the Irish
National movement, at a meeting on Saturday, formed a
branch in that town of an Association, the object of
which is to secure a separate Parliament to Ireland.
Messrs. John Round and Son, silver-platers, &C.,
of Sheffield, have been compelled to call a meeting of
their creditors, which will be held at the Queen's Hotel,
Birmingham, on October 10. The liabilities are said to be
something like £35,000, but it is anticipated that a divi-
dend in full can be paid ultimately.
Sir Lydston Newman having determined to give
up breeding horses, his entire stud of brood mares and
foals„ _yearlings, and stallions was brought to the hammer
by Messrs. Tattersall, at East Acton Stud Farm, on
Saturday 2 • and there being no reserve except in one
instance—the stallion Sundeelah—everything was sold
with the exception of this horse and Crater, for which
there was no bid. Prices ruled very low, the fifty
lots sold making only 2,400 guineas, or an average of 48
guineas.
London, England, 1870-09-27

THE RESPONSIBILITY OF THE WAR.

ONE of the points most keenly discussed during
the present war h,is been the question as to
whom the responsibility of the strife is to
be attributed. In deciding that the French
must pay the penalty of their aggression, the
Germans argue that if the EMPEROR'S Government
male the war, the French people heartily endorsed
it. To a certain extent this assertion is true. The
French of most parties have undeniably displayed a
London, England, 1870-09-27

THE WORK OF WAR.

The pictures drawn of the sufferings of the
wounded lying for days and nights untended on the
battle field, jolted along rough roads or crowded in
s. itling hospitals with scarcely the barest necessaries
of food provided for them, have been so vivid and so
plinfully interesting that little attention has been
pad to the distress occasioned in other quarters by
the royal pastime of war making. The sufferings of
I the civil population have been, indeed, less sudden
a.id less violent than the agonies of those maimed and
tortured by shell, needle gun, or mitrailleuse, but
they are not less real, and threaten to be even more
prolonged. The districts trodden by the hostile
armies are not merely impoverished ; they are
reduced to famine. . Independently of the vast and
ullooked for demands for the support of hundreds of
thousands of non-productive consumers, the actual
produce of the soil has been destroyed and the means
of future cultivation taken away. The mayors and
curds of several French villages which have been
desolated by the war, have given a touching descrip-
tion of the condition to which they are reduced.
The provisions which were accumulated in
time of peace have been seized for the sup-
port of the belligerents. The fields have been
trampled down, the barns and stable 3 fired. The
h3rds and flocks have been carried off; there has
been no harvest, and not even seed corn remains to
be sown. if the ground, instead of being turned
into one vast grave, were ready for the tiller and the
sower, and the seed at hand, the labourers would
still be wanting—carried off for active or indirect
service. Starvation threatens the unfortunate
peasantry, and should they struggle through the
winter, there is too much reason to apprehend an
outbreak of pestilence in the spring. Englishmen,
moved by this terrible account, are preparing to send
pecuniary assistance to these afflicted districts, which
are starving), while two great nations are disputing
their possession.
London, England, 1870-09-27

THE DEFENCE OF FRANCE.

The Salut Public of Lyons says that after the battle of
Wissenbourg, where the enormous strength of the enemy
was made known, tt was no longer practicable to think
of pitched battles. Partial war consisting of ambuscades,
and cutting off the advance of the enemy, would have
been the most desirable course to follow, but France did
not adopt it. She should have recourse to it now at any
rate when the enemy is concentrating itself around Paris.
When Strasburg has fallen it is to be presumed that the
besieging forces will disperse in different directions to over-
run Burgundy, Normandy, and other places, in order to
ravage them for the benefit of the besieging army. No time
should therefore be lost in organising light bodies of troops
to impede the progress of the marauders, and-it will be
found that sufficient forces are at the disposal of
the Government. The Garde Mobile, not including
those in Paris, number six hundred thousand men. These
could be distributed over the country, in separate divisions
which might unite for the purpose of cutting off the com-
munications of the enemy, and stopping his supplies and
reinforcements. Military men do not like this sort of
war, because it is opposed to their ordinary principles of
action. Instead of saying " Make a good resistance, do
not disband, keep firm," it is necessary to impress,upon
such troops the importance of not exposing themselves, so
that whether their operations are successful or otherwise,
they can appoint a rendezvous in another place. In the
organisation of such a scheme it would be well to find 40
or 50 bold leaders with a good topagraphical knowledge.
They could communicate with the people of the country,
and arrange their plans for the formation of ambuscades
and coups de main. At the present moment the large
forces which are remaining in idleness in the chief places
of the departments should be assembled in the towns
which are in the neighbourhood of Paris, such as Sans,
Auxerre, Chartres, and Evreux. Provincial France has
asked with son e indignation what has been done by these
disseminated armies, and of what avail will the resistance
of Paris be if the besieging army is not reduced to famine,
and if measures are not adopted to prevent its receiving
reinforcements.
London, England, 1870-09-27

PRINCESS'S THEATRE.—SoIe Lessee and
Manager, Mr. B. WEBSTER.
This Evening, at Seven, WANTED a THOUSAND MILLINERS,
Mr. J. Rouse, &c.; at a quarter to Eight, The RAPPAREE,
Messrs. Herman Vezin, W. Rignold, J. Clayton, A. Rayner, E.
F. Edgar, Shiel Barry; Mesdames Katharine Rodgers and M.
Cooper; to conclude with THE HAPPY MAN, Mr. Shiel
Barry, &c.
London, England, 1870-09-27

OUR COTEMPORARIES---This Morning

THE SIEGE OF PARIS.

The Times says that whatever may be the opinions of

those who speculate on the course of the war at a safe
ta,nce from the centres of action, it would seem that the
German commanders do not presume upon a speedy
capture of Paris. The capital may, indeed, be soon
taken ; but it may also resist to the end, and' the end
may be distant, and General Moltke and Count Bis-
marck have decided that it is wise to settle down at
the work before them as if it would last some time.
General Trochu has been indefatigable, and he has been
zealously seconded by the other members of the
Government and by the temper of the people.
-The arsenals of Brest, of Toulon, and of Cherbourg
have yielded their heaviest guns to the service of the
capital ; the stock of ammunition, which was at one time
thought to have been insufficient, is said to have been
largely increased ; gunners from the navy have been added
to the regular artillery service ; the National Guard has
been sedulously drilled, and the Mobiles called up from
the provinces. The accumulation of provisions
appears ample to withstand a prolonged siege.
The defence of Paris would be less hopeless than it now
appears if there were any possibility of organizing a force
in the Departments which could distract the attention of
the besieging army. The new Prefects appear determined
to do all they can to rouse the people subjected
to their administrative control to a sense of the danger of
France, but all the evidence leads to the conclusion that
if the conditions of the siege are to be altered in any
respect it will be by an increase in the strength of the
besieging army.
London, England, 1870-09-27

MA DAME TUSS AUD'S EXHIBITION,
BAKER STREET.

•
On view Portrait Models of the Emperor Napoleon 111., the
Empress Eugenie, and Prince Imperial ; King William of
Prussia, and Count von Bismarck. Admission, ls.; Children
ander 10 years of age, 6d. Napoleon Rooms 6d. extra. Open
from 10 a.m. till 10 p.m.
London, England, 1870-09-27

9s. 6d

13s. 6d.

16s. 6d.

Al sort
other vices.

MOSES and SON supply every description of
_12.4, clothing, ready-made, or made to measure, for all ages,
all occasions, and all classes: also Hosiery and Drapery, Hats
and Caps, Boots and Shoes, and complete outfits for all' climates.
All Goods marked in Plain Figures.
Any article exchanged if not worn or injured.
List of Prices, with Rules for Self-measure, Patterns, and
Fashion-sheet, gratis and post-fre
E. MOSES and SON'S Establishments are closed every Friday
evening at sunset till Saturday evening at sunset, when busi-
ness is resumed until Eleven o'clock.
The following are the only addresses of E. MOSES and SON

LONDON.
CORNER of MINORIES and ALDGATE.
NEW OXFORD-STREET, CORNER OF HART-STREET.
00RNE.E. of TOTTENHAM-COURT-ROAD and EUSTON-ROAD.

COUNTRY BRANCH
BRADFORD. YORKSHIRE.
London, England, 1870-09-27

THE BURNING OF BAZEILLES.

The charges against the Bavarian troops of atrocities
committed at Bazeilles, near Sedan, still form the subject
of dispute in the German papers. Foreign critics have
alleged that the burning of the village was a wanton act
of brutality ; German wriqrs maintain that the inhabi-
tants drew down the vengeance of the Bavarians upon
themselves. Herr Voget, writing from Frankfort to the
Aligemeine Zeitung, denies that the village was burnt
simply because it was defended by the inhabitants in the
uniform of National Guards. On going over the ruins, he
noticed in more than one instance the shreds of a Bavarian

uniform, and he himself saw a villager and his wife trying to
drag a wounded Bavarian lying in the street into a burning
house, both of them being cut down by the wounded
soldier's comrades and themselves cast into the flames.
On the 31st of August,. the houses bordering on the Meuse
were fired by the Bavarian artillery on account of their
serving as a protection to the French defending
the passage of the river, this being a simple
strategic necessity. The next day, when there
was ffghting round the village, the houses sheltered the
French, particularly one commanding two streets.
Hundreds of Bavarians had been thereby slaughtered before

the order of demolition was given. PiOneer; accordingly
burst in the back walls and threw firebands into the
breach, but whether the women and children who had
taken refuge in the cellars were burnt, he cannot say.
When the Bavarians, after several hours' fighting, drove
the French marine infantry from the village, the
numerous wounded were lying in the streets, houses, and
gardens, whom the wearers of the red cross desired
to relieve, but the inhabitants remaining in the
houses, regardless of the cross, fired on them, felling six
within half an hour. A military examination of the
houses was consequently ordered, and the men and women
found in arms were brought out, those who resisted being

shot, and the remainder kept as prisoners. The houses,
however, were suddenly repeopled, as if from invisible
lurking places, and the firing was renewed, still on those
carrying off the wounded, some of whom at length
refused to proceed unless the houses were cleared. After
150 persons had fallen, the order was given to fire them,
and how many perished in the flames he does not know,
but he thinks the Duke of Fitzjames's estimate of 1,700
a twenty-fold exaggeration. It is quite untrue that entire
families and women who tried to fly were thrust into the
flames, and he himself saw a Bavarian soldier give a
draught from his flask to an exhausted old woman, and
then lift her bundle of goods on her back.
London, England, 1870-09-27

OUR DEFENCES.

At the annual meeting of the Montgomery Agri-
cultural Society some appropriate speeches were
delivered on the subject of the war. The Earl of
Powis, in giving " the Army, Navy, and Reserved
li,rces," pointed out some of the deficiencies which
exist in our present system. Our little regiments
that could not turn out three hundred and fifty men
Aldershott would not go far in resisting the
French and Prussian masses. Mr. Cardwell, how-
ever, was hardly the man to infuse a Promethean
s;ark into the skeleton army or put flesh on its dry
b(ries. He came to the conclusion that in future
arrangements for the defence of the country
members of Parliament must consider whether
the army arrangements did not demand something
every year more than the knocking off of
•5,000 men from the estimates. The Vohinteers were
V:e most popular force, but when the Government
vas asked to provide them with Sniders, the Secre-
tary for War told them that from a due regard to
economy he preferred to keep the Sniders, as he
.pleasantly called it, in store, which they just found
out meant stored away in the backwoods of Canada!
Mr. Wynn, M.P., said that whatever might have
ben our sympathies with Germany in the first
instance, the opposition to France must have been
stifled in the compassion which her sufferings in-
duced. In dwelling on the horrors of the war, he
pinto(' out what it would be to us to see the vast
army of an invader encamped at Tunbridge Wells,
London cannonaded, and neither ingress nor egress
pnmitted to or from the capital. - England could not
h.) too thankful for having escaped the horrors of war.
London, England, 1870-09-27

THE VOLUNTEERS AND THE WAR OFFICE.

The other day we noticed a letter written by the
Lord Mayor of London, in which he made a stirring
appeal to the patriotism of the citizens to use
every effort to increase the strength of the volunteer
force in the metropolis. "A Volunteer Officer of
Ten Years' Standing " writes to the leading journal
on this subject, and asserts that the War Office
positively refuses the services of volunteers ;
and in support of this statement he
remarks that an artillery brigade in Liverpool, which
had increased from a single battery in 1859 to
eleven full batteries in 1869, was anxious early in the
current year to further increase their strength.
They hal also in view the fact that large brigades
eau be more economically worked than small ones,
and an application was made to the War Office for
the requisite authority to strengthen the force. Not-
withstanding that a large number of men offered
their services, the War Office declined to sanction
the proposed increase. Another brigade in Liverpool
has been similarly snubbed, and we believe that that
port is not singular in the treatment it has received.
London, England, 1870-09-27

ELOPEMENT AT LLANDUDNO.

A young tradesman at Llandudno, a wine and spirit
merchant, nas eloped with a lady visitor from Kidder-
minster, aged sixteen, the niece of an M.P. She has
been staying at Llandudno with her guardians for the last
three or four weeks. It is stated that she N,vill be entitled
to considerable property in her own right when she comes
of age. Warrants have been issued for the apprehension
of the couple, and the police are energetically tracing
them. Telegrams have been sent in every direction. .£5O
reward is offered for their discovery.
London, England, 1870-09-27

INSANITY IN ENGLAND.

The statistics furnished by the Lunacy Commis-
soners do not exhibit a very satisfactory state of
things. In spite of the progress made by medical
and psychological science, in spite of the impiove-
went in the treatment of the mentally afflicted, and
all the other social reforms on which we pride our-
selves, there is a decided increase in the number of
lunatics. The difference between the Ist of January
1869, and the Ist of January, 1870, was no less than
1;536, of which 1,430 were paupers: This total is
exclusive of 214 so found by inquisition and residing
with their committees, and the Board estimate tha t
there are nearly 2,000 more in Scotland who
are unreported, being maintained by their friends in
private houses. In England and Wales there were
54,713 perso'ns of unsound mind last New Year's
Day. In Scotland there were 7,310; in Ireland,
10,082 in asylums, and 6,579 at large. Ireland, how-
ever, can boast of a positive reduction of 174 in the
total number of her insane, which is more than either
of her sister countries can do.- The great increase of
insanity, coupled with pauperism, is attributed
partly to the excessive accumulation of the
poorer classes in towns, and partly to im-
paired nutrition. Intemperance contributes its
share, and out of the 6,316 patients in district
asylums, 348 cases are ascribed to it. Hereditary
causes produced, 707 ; grief, fear or anxiety, 368 ;
reverse of fortune, 229; religious excitement, 167;
love and jealousy, 172; and domestic quarrels and
afflictions, 146. It must be added, however, that
these proportions are anything but exact, as out of
the 6,316 oases 3,196 are set down to " causes not
known." Enough is stated, however, to give a
caution to our over wise and over hurrying age
respecting the value of a little mental discipline and
moral self-control, else, it is but too evident, that
instead of attaining the great end of mens sana in
corpore sano the reckless self-seeking devotee of
pleasure, ambition, or business, may pass the gloomy
doors of the lunatic asylum.
London, England, 1870-05-23

DESTRUCTION OF SMALL BIRDS.

The Daily News remarks that correspondents frequently
deplore the wanton slaughter of small birds and the
baleful activity of sparrow-alias. As this is the season
when the destruction of these birds is carried on with
systematic vigour, a warning against indulging in tradi-
tional andmischievous folly may be well timed. In France,
where those who call themselves sportsmen shoot every
bird within range, and consider it as noble to bag a
sparrow or a robin as a partridge or a pheasant, the result
has been to exterminate small birds from certain
districts. The ravages of insects in these localities
have proved so detrimental to the crops, that the autho-
rities have had to interfere with a view to the preserva-
tion of the birds. In other countries an English sparrow
is esteemed a blessing. Two or three years ago a few
sparrows were imported into New York for the purpose
of getting rid of the insects, which had become a torment
in the gardens. An elaborately finished and decorated
sparrow-house was erected in the garden of Union.
square for the reception of the feathered strangers.
They have repaid the generosity of the citizens by re•
moving the nuisance in question, while at the same flint.
living sumptuously on worms. If the birds they left
behind them knew what was to be enjoyed in New York,
and had the power to cross the ocean, they would probably
resolve to escape at once from the persecution of cruet
lads and stupid farmers by migrating in a body to th.
United States. The Canadians have even gone furth'el
in ordor to preserve insectivorous birds from destruction
An Act has been passed by the Province o.
Ontario making it unlawful to "kill, wound, 0.
injure any bird (except eagles, falcons, kawks,
and other birds of eagle kind, wild pigeons, rice
birds, kingfishers, crows, and ravens, between the first o
March and the first of August. The penalty for breaking
the law is a fine ranging from one to ten dollars, or im
prisonment for not less than two or more than twenty
days, for each offence. Those who wish to collect eggs Q
birds or birds for purely scientific purposes must apply t
the Minister of Agriculture for a warrant. While re
formers are striving to render our Game Laws less bar
barons, they might combine with their useful labour'
some attempts to protect the small birds, which ate th
country's best friends.

DEATH OF MARK LFMON.

We deeply regret to announce that intimation has been
received that Mark Lemon, Esq., died this morning about
eight o'clock, at. Crawley, Sussex.
London, England, 1870-05-23

Hawking and Vagrancy.

The Inspector of Constabulary in Scotland seems
to be apprehensive of evil consequences from abolish-
ing the hawking licence. In his report, which is
just published, he says that vagrancy continues to in-
crease in Scotland, and that a large amount of crime
'is to be traced to this source. The peculiar
habits and ways of the vagrant class enable
them often to elude the police without much diffi-
culty. " Hawkers and pedlars, generally accompa-
nied by women and children, are frequently only
beggars in disguise, on pretence of selling wares,
although their whole stock-in-trade is sometimes not
sufficient to maintain the party for a day. The only
check the police have on them at present is to
demand their licences; but if the licence on foot hawk-
ers is abolished, the evils of vagrancy will increase.
and an act for its suppression will be mow urgently
required." Some such opinion has been expressed in
various-quarters. It is allowed that the hawking
licance may justly be abolished; but some means of
restricting the movements of the hawking class must
be devised.
London, England, 1870-05-23

S AL T and CO.'S
EAST INDIA PALE and BURTON ALES.
Brewery—Burton-on-Trent.
STORES :
London—St. Pancras Station, Old St. Pancras-road, N.W.
Liverpool-72, Henry-street.
Manchester—Bridgewater-chambers, Brown-street.
Birmingham—Old Court House, High-street.
Wolverhampton-15, Snow-hill.
Bristol-16, Small-street.
Nottingham-44, Greyhound-street.
SALT and CO.'S ALES may be obtained in casks of 18 gallons
and upwards, and in glass from the principal bottlers.
London, England, 1870-05-23

Zerah Colburn.

Some few days ago the New York papers announced
the death by his own hand of Zerah Colburn, an
engineer, who five years since arrived in the United
States from England. As Mr. Colburn was well
known in London as an eminent journalist and a
scientific authority, it may be interesting to give
a few brief particulars of his life in England. Mr.
'Colburn came from Saratoga, New York (where he
was born, in 1857. He was then twenty-five, and he
successively became poet, agent, and engineer in this
country, having acted in his own country before as
office-boy, clerk, and actor respectively. In 1858 he
had already acquired some reputation in London,
as a literary man, and the editor of the Engi-
neer, having noticed his ability, especially
in dealing with subjects usually treated
of in that journal, appointed him to a
lucrative post on the staff. Mr. Colburn occasionally
acted as the responsible editor, and he gave entire
satisfaction to the proprietors of the paper till 1864.,
At this time a dispute arose which resulted in his
removal from the editorial capacity. Finally,
in 1865, the deceased gentleman ceased to
contribute to the Engineer altogether, and he
soon afterwards left London for America. In England
Mr. Colburn is said to have left but few friends, but
'there are left behind many who were willing to
trace his faults to that want of balance
in the mind which culminated in insanity,
and who recognised in him a man of
many virtues, possessing kindly sympathies and a
thorough interest in his profession. Mr. Colburn's
body was found in an orchard at Belmont, near
Boston, on the 27th ult., a
pistol-shot, discharged by
his own hand, having pierced his 'brain.
" Partial Evil Universal Good."
Unfortunately, there are few improvements that
can be carried out without inflicting some injury.
The introduction of machinery temporarily paralysed
hand-workers, and every great invasion 'of
London rookeries causes infinite distress .to
individual families. In the same way,
though we are not bound equally to com-
miserate the malcontent, the Thames embankment,
which is rejoicing most Londoners, is a sore griev-
ance to the Duke of Buccleuch. The Metropolitan
Board of Works has invaded his grounds at Whitehall,
has removed a causeway and landing place leading
to the river, and has in his opinion considerably
damaged his property. A. Duke was rich enough to
resent the intrusion which denizens of the Holborn
alleys were forced to suffer in silence, so the
complaint was carried through sundry legal
stages until it ended in the award, under
an arbitration, of £8,325. The question has
now reappeared in the Court of Error, and
judgment has been delivered. It was contended that
the arbitrator had exceeded his jurisdiction, and that
the amount awarded was excessive, and there was a
difference of opinion on the Judicial Bench. How-
ever, as four justices were in favour of reversing the
judgment of the Court below, while three supported
its decision, the verdict was entered for the de-
fendants.
London, England, 1870-05-23

AMERICA.

.N.sw Yonx, May 21.
The steam rs sailing to-day for Europo take out $350,000
in specie.

Gold closed at 1141; the highest quotation during the day
was 1141; the lowest 1141.
Sterling Exchange on Loam., lO9ll
Fire-Twenty U.S. Bonds, 1882 ll2l
Ditto 1885 llll
Ditto 1867
Ton-Forty ditto 1867 lOB/
Illinois Shares
Erie
Cotton, ...
Petroleum, Standard White 27lc
Flour, extra 5tate............. ....... $4.80 to $5 400.
Corn, old Mixed ' 61 14c.

INDIA.
(By ludo-Eiropetcn•'telegrapb.)

CALCUTTA, May 21 (Evening)
Exchange on London, 6 month's Bank Bills I.ll+
4 per Gent. Government Securities 971
41
5i ll4l
(By British Indian-Submarine Cable )
noitriAt, May 21 (Evening).
l'ieco goods market Steady:
Cotton firmer. Fair bbollerah, 29br. Shipments of the
week, 51,625 bales.
Exchange on London, d months' Bank Bills 1.11 g-16
Freight going ships, 31s:
London, England, 1870-05-23

COMPLAINTS FROM EMIGRANTS.

On taking his seat in the Justice-room on Saturday,
the Lord Mayor, addressing the reporters, said they would
recollect that A few days ago he noticed a complaint he
had received from emigrants who had been sent
out to Omaha through an agency in London,
and who stated that they earned barely sufficient to pay
for their board and lodging. That complaint he handed
to the Superintendent of Emigration for the Port of Lon-
don, and Captain Forster had made a very search-
ing investigation into all the allegations that
had been made. The allegations were somewhat
exaggerated, and the principal one the parties
in London, did not and never had assented to, with
regard to a charge of dollars made on arrival in
America. That had been abolished. The Lord Mayor
added that a few minutes ago, he had received a telegram
from Omaha, in Nebraska, stating that the complaints of
insufficient employment in that colony, were in a great
measure unfounded, and that the emigrants were now
doing fairly.
London, England, 1870-05-23

GOVERNMENT

Three per Cent Consols 941 94
Do. for Account
Three per Cent Rdcd
New 3 per Cent
Exchequer Bills,March, par spm
Do., June
Bank Stock
India 5 per Cents
Can.6pc) an.taulylB77-84 1071108
Do. 5 per cent do. 98 10000
Domin. of Can. 5p c 1903 974 981
New S. W. 5p 0 1871-76 102 103
New Zealand 6 pc 1891 ll2 114
Do. 5 per cent 99 100
Do. 5 p c Consolidated
Queensland 5 p 0 1882
Victoria 6 p c Jan.& July 115/1161
Do. 5 no do. 104 105

RAIL'

Bristol and Exeter Bl 83
Caledonian 74 741
Great Eastern
Great Northern
Do. A.
Great Western
Lancashire &Yorsshire 1 131 i
L. B. and South Coast
Lon. Chat., and Dover
Lon. and North-Western 129 1291
Lon. and South-Western 91 92
Man., Shef., and Lincoln an 511
Metropolitan 7ll 72
Midland
North British 36 361
North-Eastern Consols
Do. Leeds —
Do. York — -

South-Eastern
80m.,8ar., &C1.1nd.g.5 pc 107 103
East fndia guar. 5 p c 113/1114i
Grand Trunk of Canada 15 1511
Do. Ist Preference Bonds 67 69
Great Indian Pen, g, 5p c 108 109
Great Western of Canada 16 166
Madras g. 5 p c lOBOO9l
Scinde, Delhi, do.
Scinde, Punjaub, do lO7 108
Dutch Rhenish 2s} 26
Eastern of France 24 n
Great Luxembourg l3l r 3
Northern of France
Ottom. (Smyrna to Aidin) 7 7
Recife and San Francisco 16 16
San Paulo (L.) guar. 7p o 20 21
S. Aus. & Lom. Venetia, 154 154

BANKING COMPANIES.

1 a
Agra Bank (L) A .... 10 11 10 Imperial Ottoman 41 51 pm
Alliance (Limited) .. 14i 151 20 Lon. Char. of Austra 243 25i
Anglo-Austrian .... 16 18 pm 20 London and County 50 51
Anglo-Egyptn (Lim) 24 25f 15 London Joint-Stock 35i 36j
British North-Amrcn 54 56 20 Lndn & Wstminstr 63 64
Ch. of India, Australia 17 18 10 Metropolitan B/ 9}
Char. Merc. of India 30 31 20 Midland (Limited) dis, par
City
Colonial
Consolidated (Limtd) I pm 25 Union of Australia.. 46 17
Eng., Scot., & Aust. C 17/ 15 Union of London .. 40 41
Imperial (Limited) lBl, 19 ,

TELEGRAPH COMPANIES.

Pd
10 Great Northern .. 11 lli
25 Indo-European (Lmtdj 14 18
10 Med. Extension (L).. 51
20 Soc. Trans. France (L) 15f 1
SW. India & Panama 7t 7*
US SECURITIES.

10 Anglo-American (L) 17 17}
100 Atlantic
3 British Ind. Ex. (L) 21 dim
10 British Indn Sub. (L.) 8a 88
7 Pal; Gibraltar, &a. (L) 88 88

Pd
51. Rbbr, G P Tel. Wks. 434 44}
100 Intr. Financial (L) I If dis
5 Mdras Irrigton g. 5 p c 104 106
5 National Discount (14 12 12}
50 Ocean Marine
2 Pninslr & Orntl Stm. 44 45
Telegraph Constrctn 331, 34}
St Tobacco 6 pc Ln, Gus.
5 by Italian Gvrnmut 91 93
Trust &Lnof U Onda 1} pm
London, England, 1870-05-23

FLAW IN THE MARRIED WOMEN'S
PROPERTY BILL.

If the Married Women's Property Bill should, in its
present shape, become an Act of Parliament, it will have
the immediate effect of destroying one, at all events; of
the proprietary securities now enjoyed by wives of the
wealthier classes. It is notorious that marriage settle-
ments are, in the existing order of things, as frequently
made for the purpose of protecting the wife's property
against herself as against her husband. A woman may
now by marriage settlement bind herself not to alienate
her property, or-anticipate the income accruing from it,
and like conditions may be attached to a.gift or brquest
to her during coverture. When aai estate is thus modified
it cannot be parted with or charged. But if
a married woman were capable of contracting like a
feint sole as the Recorder's bill proposes that she shall be,
she would be able to execute bonds and covenants. These
would not at once affect the settled capital. But they
would fall on the rent or interest as fast as it came in, and
the restraints upon alienation and anticipation, ceasing
on the death of the husband—for they are valid only
pending the state of matrimony—the capital would
become subject to the_ debts created j? y them. This at
any rate is a defect in the Married Rfomen's Property
Bill which should not the
unremedied, as it seems
hitherto to have passed unnoticed.—Pali Mall Gazette.
London, England, 1870-05-23

MISSIONARY CONFERENCE.

A CONFERENCE will be held at the CITY TERMINUS
HOTEL, Cannon-street, on Tuesday, May 24, when Papers will be
read by a number of Returned Missionaries, on the Obstacles
presented by Intemperance to the Progress of Christian Missions.
Papers have been promised by the Rev. T. W. Blanshard,
Rev. J. G. Gregson, R. John Gritton, M.A., Rev. Andrew
Kessen, LL.D., Rev. Wm. Moister, Rev. Robert Niven, 8.A.,
Rev. Hope M. Waddell, and Rev. Edwtrd Templeman ; and let-
ters will be read from the Rev. Alexander Duff, D.D., Rev. Wm.
Ellis, and other Missionaries.

Cliair to be taken at 3 p.m.
Conversazione Cards will admit to the Conference,

ROBERT RAE, Secretary.

337, Strand, London, May 20th, 1870.
London, England, 1870-05-23

An Alarming Prospect.

Englishmen are often interested in tracing the
history of their literature up to its earliest date, and
the names of Wickliffe, Chaucer, and the Venerable
Bede, are duly reverenced. It is less pleasant
to know that we have arrived at the
end of the long line of English authors, and that
there is but one man who can claim to represent the
race. Yet so it is. The Theatrical Fund gave, as
we all know, its grand annual banquet a day
or two since. ' Perhaps some of those
who read the records of the entertainment
may have been surprised to notice that one toast
to which the friends of the drama are especially bound
to do honour, was altogether omitted. '" Literature "
was not mentioned, which, under the circumstances,
was something like playing " Hamlet" with
the part of Hamlet omitted. What was
the reason ? Did the theatrical celebri-
ties present object to diVide honours with their
brethren in arts and rivals in renown ? No such
thing. " Literature" had beep duly included in the
toasts of the evening, but the - only man whom
this degeneiate age could produce worthy
to represent it was not ".'present either
to propose or to acknowledge the toast, and of course
there could be no choice in the matter. English
literature has, according to this.dictiim, culminated.
and concluded in Mr. Charles Dickens, and when he
is abSent or silent it is simply impossible to fill his
place.
London, England, 1870-05-23

CRYSTAL PALACE SHILLING OPERAS.
TO-MORROW (Tuesday) and THURSDAY.—COMIC
OPERETTA in Two Acts, by Alberto Randegger. " THE RIVAL
BEAUTIES," characters by Miss Elena Angele, Miss,Edith
Wynne, Mr. Cummings, Mr. Maybrick, Mr. Marter, &c.
Operetta conducted by the composer. Commence at 2.45.
Admission, as usual, to Palace and Theatre, is.; or by guinea
season tickets. Stalls, 2s. 6d., now ready for either performances.
Reserved seats, is.
London, England, 1870-05-23

An Artist on Art.

• The practice of painting was the subject of an
interesting lecture by Sir Digby Wyatt in the Fitz-
william Museum, Cambridge. He said that so far
as processes went, it seemed that those used
in ancient days were the same as those at
present in vogue. He thosught it was highly
important the artist should be educated by
the training of his eye, his mind, and his hand. He
who would draw correctly must learn to draw slowly.
Regarding the merits and demerits of the works of
artists, he considered that the demerits were when
the representation failed to lead the mind to any-
thinkr„ or when nature was distorted. The merits
consisted of a just representation of form, race, age,
and natural features of humanity, of all that was
beautiful without flattery, "of dignity where dig-
nity of expression was required, and vigour where
vigour was necessary. In fact, for a picture to be
true it mifst be correct to nature."
London, England, 1870-05-23

THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAI , MAY J 3, 1870.

dec. ; secondly, with conspiring with certain other personsto
commit; thirdly,with conspiring to incite other persons; and
also he should ask whether it was not possible to commit
them for an offence against common decency and morality,
for which they became amenable to tho common law.
Mr. Besloy strongly contended that it was essential to
give date, place, and person, in order to justify a com-
mittal.

After seine discussion, Mr Flowers said he would well
consider the whole of the facts bef ore coming to a final con-
clusion.

The prisoners were then remanded for a week.

SUPPRESSION OF LIST BETTING BY
GOVERNMENT.

The Government have determined to abolish the whole
of the list betting at Epsom, and the Clerk of the Course
and Messrs. Barnard and Langlands have already received
notice not to let any part of the ground they hire from Mr.
Briscow, the lord of the manor, for list betting. There
will also be an attempt to put down the bag-men.

LATEST INTELLIGENCE

(BY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.)

FRANCE.

PARIS, May 22.
Several of the leading journals commend the moderation
of the Emperor's speech.
The diplomatic changes which ' have been announced
are said to be uncertain. The France denies that the ap-
pointment of the Duke de Grammont to the Foreign-
office shows any inclination towards either Austria or
Prussia.
London, England, 1870-05-23

INDIA AND CHINA. MAILS.

ALEXANDRIA, May 23.
The Peninsular and Oriental Company's steamer Tanjore
left at 0.45, and the Massilia at 5.45 p.m. yesterday.
The former may be expected at Marseilles on the 28th
instant, and the latter at Southampton about the 4th
proximo.
London, England, 1870-05-23

Occupation for Leisure Hours.

The Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to
Animals will be mortified to find that they have
made an important omission in the discharge of
their duties. Happily the mistake has been
discovered and partly rectified by the vigilance of a
looker-on. It appears from the details of a sporting
journal that a benevolent naturalist was shocked at th,
cruelty of leaving the animals at the Zoological Oar
dens to their own devices, and determined
to provide them with means of entertainment. His
charity began at home, for he exerted himself to
obtain some amusement for a young otter in his pos-
session, and made a wooden ball which was highly
approved of by the object of his labours. He was
not so fortunate in the furtherance of his scheme,
for the elephants and rhinoceroses were too much in
earnest, and were forbidden to play with their toys
indoors, as there was some danger of their houses
being swept down by the violence of their move-
ments. It is satisfactory to find that the polar bear
is " immensely amused" with the toy which has been
presented to him, and doubtless he is not the only
one who experiences the same sensation in regard to
t':.e affair.
London, England, 1870-05-23

PORTUGAL.

LISBON, May 22.
The Duke of Saldanha has been appointed Foreign
Minister ad interim.

INDIA..

CALCUTTA, May 20.
Itajpootana still suffers from the famine, and in some
parts of Bengal great draught prevails.

AMERICA.

WASHINGTON, May 22.

A circular ha.s'been issued to.the Customs and Revenue
officers warning American fishermen not to infringe the
new fishery laws of Canada.

The Senate has passed the bill providing for the en-
forcement of the Constitutional Suffrage Amendment.
Gera Jordan, the commander of the Cuban insurgents,
is now in Washington, and is said to be organizing reinforce-
ments and securing arms for the insurgents.
London, England, 1870-05-23

THEATRE ROYAL, HAYMARKET,
Sole Lessee, Mr. Buckstone.
THIS EVENING, at 7 o'clock, NO SOING NO SUPPER: Mr.
Kendal, Mr. Compton, Mr. Edward Osborne, Mr. Clark; Miss F.
Wright, Kiss Francis, Miss Fosbroke, and Miss F. Gwynne.
Aft r which, at 8 precisely, BARWISE'S BOOK: Mr. Sothern,
Mr Chippendale, Mr Compton, Mr. Kendal, Mr. Buckstone; Miss
C. Hill, Mrs Frank Matthews, and Miss Fanny Gwynne.
And (by desire) A REGULAR FIX: Mr. Sothern, &c.
Concluding with A IKSS IN THE DARK.
London, England, 1870-05-23

THE GREEK TRAGEDY.

The Telegraph remarks that little additional information
has been gained by the debate on the Greek massacre, nor
by the last papers issued. The Greek Government has
raised some difficulty in allowing the English and Italian
Governments to be represented at the trial; but we donot
yet know that it has withdrawn from the fair and honour-
able ground which it had taken in the two earlier stages
of the inquiry. Sir Roundell Palmer's speech, and that
of Sir Henry Bulwer, were no doubt interesting ; the one
as an exposition by an eminent lawyer, of the legalgrounds
on which England can demand redress for the murder
of her subjects and her diplomatic agents—the other
as a description, by a man profoundly versed in
Eastern politics, of the organised anarchy which prevails
in Greece. But neither speech threw any new light on
the subject, as neither could possibly have drawn from
Mr. Gladstone a statement of the course which the
Government means to pursue. As we have said before,
the time for such a statement has not come, for the
simple reason that the Government must still await some
of the data by which its decision will be determined. The
Prime Minister, therefore, could but explain the present
position of affairs. He agreed with Sir Bounden Palmer
that a special sanctity was attached tothe persons of
Ministers Ambassadors, and all the persons connected
with a Legation : that the state by which they are
received is bound to use all its resources for their protec-
tion, and that it cannot plead the existence of its own
municipal laws as an excuse for its failure to dis.
charge those obligations. But on several points,
added the Prime Minister, we still lack information.
First, what measure of protection was afforded by the
Greek Government to our countrymen before they were
captured? What is the nature of the relations which
subsisted between the brigands and certain parties in
Athens? Were the measures taken for the release of the
prisoners judicious, and were they adopted in good faith'
Why did the negotiations fail ? Was it through any
fault on the part of the captives, or through error ox
fraud on the part of the Greek Government ?
did that Government, even if it failed to do all that it
ought, act up to the requirement of our own Minister at
Athens? When these questions shall have been fully
answered, and when the result shall have been considered
by the Law Officers of the Crown, the time will have come
for the English Government to decide on the course to bs
pursued.
London, England, 1870-05-23

FIRES.

Shortly after two o'clock on Saturday morning two
fires, each attended with a serious destruction of property,
broke out almost simultaneously, one in the premises belong-
to Mr. Allen, corn merchant, of Crown-street, Soho, but
whose stores were situate, as well as the stable, in Little
Denmark-street, on the north side of St. Giles's church. The
discovery was made by police-constable Baker, No. 63, of the
E division, wko raised an alarm, and with the assistance
of John Lilley, the whole of the horses, several vehicles,
and pieces of machinery and harness of several animals were
saved. The fire could not be extinguished until the
premises were burnt out. The s?cond fire took place in a
range of buildings belonging to Mr. Pickford, an up-
holsterer, and- Mr. Smith, a wine merchant, 1, Chenies-
mews, West. The fire could not be subdued until the
building was completely gutted, and Mr. Pickford was
uninsured.

SPORTING INTELLIGENCE.

THE CHANTILLY RACES.

CHANTILLY, May 22.
The following are the results of to-day's races :

Prix de la Refine Blanche.

Pean d'Ane
Paresseuse
Algarade
Marlette
La Traconne..,
ote d'Or

Prix du Gros-Cheme.

3
Prix des Ecuries.

Duteh Skater
Mlle. de St. Igny
Marceau 3
THE FRENCH OAKS.

Sornette 1
La Calonne
La Risle
Prix d'Apremont.

Cerdagne
Ouragon
Sylla