The Sun.
London, England, 1841-09-01 00:00:00

TIIV SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 1, 1811.

ably enough to expect, on the first experiment, taut yo::
should trust that pi,wer to men of a different political
creed from yourself,"
We are reluctant to offer any opinion on :t
question which we perhaps are not competent t(,
judge of, but what we have 'of late seen of the
management of the army in the case of the
Earl of CARDIGAN, compels us to say that the
most gross partiality, the most flagrant injustice,
the saddest perversion of an arm of national de-
fence to the gratification of titled arrogance and
• malevolence, can be practised as well by a dis-
'tinguished officer solely responsible for the ful-
filment of the duties of Commander-in-Chief,
as by a Cabinet Minister, with a Board to shelter
him. We do not say that the same would take
place under an Admiral, but we have shrewd
suspicions that a man bred up as Admirals gene-
rally are in the exercise of very arbitrary pow-
ers, might make a most capricious governor of
the navy. Though a Cabinet Minister might
pervert appointments to political purposes, and
fail to reward merit, we are inclined to think that
the presence of a civilian at the head of the navy
has a beneficial effect in tempering the some-
what arbitrary dispositions which are created by
the kingship conferred on every Captain.
We are not very well acquainted with the
history of the navy, but we have an impression
that the rule of Lord ANsoN, Lord HAWKE, and
Lord St. VINCENT was neither very successful
nor very agreeable to naval officers. Lord BAR-
HAM was successful—we know not indeed that he
was originally a naval man— but it he were he
had been so long in the civil service that he
had acquired the habits of a civilian. We re-
peat, however, that we do not profess ourselves
competent to form an opinion on the Gallant
Officer's suggestion, and we have no doubt that
the whole navy will thank him for making it,
and provoking a discussion into the condition of
the service. We sball;in conclusion, quote an
opinion unfavourable to the present condition Of
the Navy, which, we are taught to believe by
the Gallant Officer's own achievements is rather
the result of the recollections of his youth, when
every thing was painted more rose-coloured than
what actually exists.
.We know for certain that
a complaint like that made by .the 'Commodore
is at least as old as the time of SMOLLETT and
RODERICK R.4.NDOM'.

.
" In 'gun exercise' we have improved, and so have
other nations, but in everything else we have' gone
back ; and our ships, from being ill-manned and ill-
found, are very little snprior to the French. Our su-
perior officers are . all old, theirs are all young. And
Parliamentary influence has not the same weight either
in France or America as it has with us. No an who
knows anything dbout his profession can view our pre-
sent position with indifference ; and' when we see a
French fleet of twenty sail of the line sailing about the
Mediterranea, and EUSsian fleets iu the Baltic and Black
Seas, M‘Leod in prison for obeying the order of his Go-•
vernment, and the Boundary Question still unsettled, no
man can tell how long we may be allowed to remain at
peace, and no naval officer who served during the last
war, and has served in the peace, can look forward to a
struggle .with perfect confidence. Lord Collingwond
(and he was no bad authority) complained in his letters
of line-of-battle ships not having more than two or
three officers who knew their duty. If that was the
case in war, how much worse must it be in peace. The
generality of the young men of the present day who ob-
tain promotion through powerful interest, consider them-
selves quite perfect, and the old officers are broken-
hearted and disappointed, and almost without the hop of
promotion."

One of the stock arguments hitherto used by
the Bread-taxers is, that if the bread-tax be
abolished, the country will be inundated with
foreign wheat, the soil will go out of cultivation,
the agricultural labourers will be thrown out of
employment, and the country will be ruined.
But suddenly a new light has broken in on
them, and those bread-taxing journals, the
rlirald and Standard, have found out, as Mr.
JAcon rLd out long ago, and as every person
of common-sense-f long known, without the
it,:
-
help of statistical sputa-les and Consular
Reports, for all the land C.' tne Continent is
already occupied, and much time 4nd prepara-
tion are required, before a system of agrictniZre
can be altered by a foreign demand—the bread-
taxing journals have suddenly found out that
the notion of being inundated by foreign wheat,
should the Corn-law be repealed, is a pure in-
vention of their own, intended to frighten the
credulous people into their harsh toils. Hear
the Herald itself:—

A paper has just been laid before Parliament which
throws some light, though of an imperfect description, on
this part of the subject. It is entitled " Correspondence
relative to the price at which foreign grain could be im-
ported into England," and contains the replies of the
British Consuls of the ports of northern Europe, the
Black Sea, the Elbe, and Sicily, to questions from the
Foreign-office, intended to make out an Anti-Corn-law
case. From these documents the probabilities of a
greatly increased production of grain in the countries to
which they refer may be reasonably doubted ; and, at
all events, that production would be chiefly confined to
those countries whence the smallest reciprocity is scarcely
to be anticipated.

Our contemporary then quotes a considerable
number of specimens of the Consular Reports, of
which these are examples :

Our present supplies of foreign corn are chiefly de-
rived from Dantzic. The grain exported thence is prin-
cipally the produce of Poland, and, says our Consul at
Dantzic, " The effect a change in the British Corn-laws
might produce among the corn-growers of that country
would, in some measure, depend upon what way of
Government it may in future experience on the part of
Russia." " But," adds Mr. Platy, "as regards this part
of Prussia, it is considered to be at present in such an
advanced state of cultivation, that a larger shipment could
not be expected ; at least not to any greater extent than
the last three years have supplied."
From Konigsberg, the Vice-Consul writes,. " The quan-
tity of corn produced in this part of Prussia, and the
adjoining districts, is not likely to be materially increased,
as most farmers produce but a certain quantity of grain,
which they cannot well exceed, and they have been a good
many .ears since accustomed to turn and devote their ex-
ertion more towards breeding sheep, horses, and cattle,
which, particularly by producing wool, it appears answers
them better than growing corn."
From Stettin a reply of the same nature is received :
" The production of all kinds of grain and corn has these
two or three years been extended to a considerable
degree ; it is therefore not expected the landholders can
much augment the same, the cultivating of additional soil
not being in their system of agriculture."
prom Memel we have the like answer :—" The qua-
lity of the land in this district would for some time
prevent the sowing of more wheat than is at present the
case."

Odessa is, after Dantzic, the next important port
whence we receive foreign corn, and the answer of Mr.
Consul-General Yeames is very remarkable and decisive
as to the increased exports to be derived thence in conse-
quence of the modification of our Corn-laws.
" There would," writes that g m entle
in an, "be no ma-
terial increase, and certainly not a short space of time.
Ist. Because in Podolia and Kiev, whence Odessa de-
rives its principal supplies, the greatest quantity possible
of grain is at all times produced without regard to
price. 2dly. Because the plains called steppes, adja-
cent to the Black Sea and Asoph, are thinly peopled,
so that in years when crops are abundant they are seen,
suffering on the ground for want of reapers. idly. Be-
cause on these steppes crops are exceedingly precarious,
by reason of drought, the common calamity of this
climate, &c.
From Riga Mr. •Consul Baker says, " There are
causes which would probably operate against any very
considerable increase of exportation."
From Liebau Mr. Consul Keintitz writes—" The
quantity of grain could not be materially increased" for
exportation. Colonel Barnett, from Warsaw, states that
"the deficiency of manure, the scarcity of hands, and
the want of skill in the cultivation of land, would operate
against any large immediate increase from the interior
of Poland."
From Hamburgh, Mr. 'Consul-General Canning, whose
services are now lost. to the country, considers the ex-
portation of corn could not be increased :
" Becauge as much land is already appropriated in this
district to the growth of corn, as the system of hus-
bandry established in these duchies and the encourage-
ment given to grazing in them will admit of."
The total quantity of wheat which the ports before-
mentioned could, with the most favourable harvests,
annually export, concludes our Contemporary, is ABOUT
TWO MILLION OF QUARTERS.

Of course, as our people must still be fed, and
no person for one moment supposes that their
number will be diminished by abolishing the
Corn-laws, the absurdity of supposing that the
importation of every grain of wheat the Conti-
tinent can supply us with would put our land out
of cultivation, is palpable ; and when we
know that it is made the basis of maintaining a
system which starves the people, it is shocking.
On the strength, however, of the possible im_
portation of 2,000,000 quarters of wheat, a Lord
CosMo RUSSELL has been quoted as an authority
for the•nstounding assertion that the abolition of
the Corn-laws would throw 2,000;000 acres of
land out of cultivation. But the reasoning of the
.
bread-taxers will appear still more shocking
for its absurdity, on account of the cruel purpose

it serves, when we stite that in 1840,
',020,214 quarters of foreign wheat, and in
1839,. 2,521,494 quarters, and in 1833,
1,728,452 quarters were imported, being in ilie
zhree years an averege of 2,090,063 quarters a
year (Parliamentary paper No. 455). It appears,
theretbre, that in the three years we have im-
ported from the Continent all the wheat it
could possibly spare, and the resultis that instead
of our country being inundated with foreign
corn, and the land gone out of cultivation, a
greater breadth of wheat, it is said, was sown
last year than ever • before, and the price of
good bread corn is at the present moment nearer
80s. than 70s. the quarter. Is not that a con-
clusive proof that all the tales of the bread-tax
about land going out of cultivation from an
inundation of foreign corn, are pure fabrications,
no better th an wilful lies to bolster up a great
system of heartless fraud and cruelty.
For our part, we. will honestly say that we
place no faith. in these returns, so tar as they
concern the future produce either of the Con-
tinent or of England. We hope and believe
that with free trade we might import ten mil-
lion of quarters. No man, however, knows that,
and we repeat for the twentieth time that
prices at home and abroad, the expense of
cultivation in different countries, the possible
quantity of food other lands might supply us
with, are not proper elements for legislation. It
must have a much simpler and firmer basis, or
it will be full of error, and error in legislation is
iniquity. The Legislature is bound to mete out
equal justice and equal protection to all the
people; but when it taxes the poor man's loaf
to swell the rich man's rent, when the protec-
tion it pretends to bestow on the grower of
bread corn is a prohibition on the consumer to
buy his bread where he pleases ; the legislature
departs from its duty, it violates the consumer's
right of property, it plunders him instead of pre-
venting him from being plundered, and it in-
fringes on that liberty of action it is constituted
and obliged to secure. On these grounds we
condemn the. Corn-law: on these grounds we de-
n.and a total and immediate repeal, and not
merely on the supposition that repealing it would
multiply our food, increase our trade, extend the
cultivation of our soil, and tend to make the
nation prosperous, contented, and moral, though
we know that such are invariably the fruits of
doing justice, and we are thoroughly convinced
that such would be the consequences of imme-
diately and totally abolishing the Bread-tax.
Under a host of similar false pretexts to that
which the Herald has so naively exposed, the
bread of the industrious and honest poor is taxed
to increase the wealth of time idle, opulent; worth-
less, and eken mischievious owners of rent.

If was well observed by Mr. WAKLEY
Thursday, that the Co:nmons cheered when the
people were starving. That is a tolerably accu-
rate description of the relation which exists be-
tween the suffering community and the Legisla-
ture. That the people are starving in many
places does not admit of a doubt; and that the
Legislature is proud of its own work is equally
certain. That it should exult and be vociferously
joyous, and that the people should, under bad
laws, pine and die of anguish and hunger, are in
the order of nature. They are co-existing facts,
which reflect no credit on the sagacity of the
people, or on the humanity of the Legislature.
On the following day the present Prime
Minister spoke—the man who • takes office
to continue the system which starves the
people. What said he ? He knows the
people are starving. Deputations have waited on
him to make him acquainted with the great dis-
tress which prevails. He referred in the debate, to
the fact of families dying of hunger, which has
been brought before the House. What did his
sagacity recommend ? What did his humanity
prompt? What may we expect from his power?
Taking hold of some statistical returns he de-
nionstrated at great length that there had been
fluctua.4": in
the price of corn in New York
and St. Pet:rskurgh. That is the sort of bread
with which he to fill the mouths of the
famishing multitude. •".Good, patient people,"
he said, if his language meant .q. nY
thing, your
sufferings are not at all caused
"1-yr any acts "
of mine, or by the acts of the gentlemeii
tivho
cheered when the people were starving, and 3V 1
10
will undoubtedly again cheer if I turn round and
ask them ; they are caused by a natural defi-
ciency of food, and by natural fluctuations in its
deficiency price, which
an
dI wfliul lc
tpuraotvi eo
ntso youae bs
oyms he
toiNin
nvlesg
vt
ehrayt
great in the United States, and in Russia, where
there are no laws preventing the importation
of corn. Be patient, therefore, good people.
Starve on—starvation is the result of laws of na-
ture or of GOD. I cannot help you ; therefore
starve in patience, starving people." And then to
prove to them that th's was fie case, and to bring
home to Nature and to Nature's Gou—sgiether
with piety or Atheism let the Archbishop of
CANTERBURY decide—he quoted the account of
fluctuations in prices at St. Petersburgh and New
York. Whether the people will continue to
starve in patience at his recommendation will
probably depend on the credit they bestow on
his theology. For our party, we have no hesita-
tion in saying that fluctuations in price in Ame-
rica and Russia do ,not furnish the shadow of a
proof that the present deficiency of food in Eng-
land, and its present high price, are natural, and
are not wholly...caused by the law made and up-
..34tl•by Sir R. PEEL and the exulting cheerers.
What is the principle of commerce ? To buy
cheap and sell dear—to bring things needful. for
man's use from where they are abundant to where
they are scarce. What is the result? A compa-
ratively equal distribution amongst all the chil-
dren of men of all that they require, and a com-
parative steadiness of price. The result of mer-
chants buying when and where commodities are
cheap, in order to sell them when and where
they are dear, is, though they do not in-
tend it, to equalize prices through the whole
republic of commerce. Whenever and where-
ever there is no commerce, men are exposed to
all the fluctuations and vicissitudes of the sea-
sons; commerce neutralizes them, and spreads not
only average, but great abundance throughout
the earth. Hence, as commerce, " the golden
girdle of the globe," has extended, those great
vicissitudes, to which mankind when isolated
were exposed, have become almost unknown,
and seasons of absolute famine and of riotous
abundance, such as were too frequent in the early
ages, have not been witnessed in modern Europe.
Where there is now most commerce, therefore,
there should be the least fluctuation, and where
there is least commerce, fluctuation must be
greatest.

To wake the fluctuations in Russia and the
United Statesapply to England, it must be show n
that the circumstances of all three countries as
to commerce are the same. Are they ? Both
these countries form parts of great continents,
and are comparatively thinly peopled. They in
general grow more food than they can consume,
and they export corn or flour. In proportion to
the number of their people, and the number of
our people, their trade, particularly that of
Russia, is extremely scanty. England is pre-
eminent for her commerce. She trades with
the whole globe, wherever useful things are
found cheap and plentiful, her merchants go or
send for them, and carry them wherever they
are scarce and dear. Thus Anierica and Russia
are no test for England. Thus, too, there ought
not to be the same fluctuations in the price of
any article, and particularly in an article of such
universal produce and consumption aS wheat, in
England as in Russia and in America. We
may also safely assert that whatever fluctuations
in price, are known here, are much increased, if
they be not wholly caused, by thoSe restraints
which such ignorant law-makers as Sir ROBERT
PEEL have imposed on commerce, in order to
prevent the continual equalization of prices, by
prohibiting men, under certain circumstance's,
from buying commodities when and where they

are el'mp, and selling them when and where they
are dear.

Bo t the great man and new Prime Minister who
is to feed the hungry people by sermons od fluctu-
ation, also remarked that it was not possible to
ensure the same kind of steadiness of price
f>r agricultural as for manufacturing pro,
duce. He is a wise man, no doubt, this cotton-
spinner's son, now Prime Minister, who assumes
the government of the country to starve other
cotton-spinners; but he might reflect that as
agricultural produce is exchanged for manufac-
turing produce, the stability .3f price in one ele-
ment of the exchange lessens by a half the
chances of fluctuation. Oxen may have the mur-
rain and wheat the fly, and if they be exchanged
for one another, their is a double fluctuation, half
of which the certainty of the price of manufac-
turing produce when exchanged for wheat puts
an end to.

It should also be considered, that as the pro-
duce of the manufacturer is subject to none of
the variations of the seasons—and he could in a
state of perfect freedom send that wherever he
pleased to buy wheat--what he purchased would,
in reality, be little more subject to fluctuation than
the commodity lie purchased with. In other
words,with free trade the manufacturer, who can
always make an article of a certain price, will
always be sure of getting pretty nearly the same
quantity of corn for it, or for him price will not
fluctuate. Such ought to be the case in England.
If this very ignorant cotton-spinner's son, turned
national quack, would take these and other similar
matters into consideration, he would probably be
aware that he had not yet sounded the depths of
ail philosophy. He might then become humble,
and cease, in the Legislature of the empire—by as 7
cribing the woes of our suffering people to any
thing rather than his own wretched and arro-
gant law-making—to blaspheme Nature and God.

The Journal des Debuts of bunclay has a clever article
in defence of the Cretan insurgents. Commisseration
for the fate of the unhappy Cretans comes too late from
such a quarter. The Debuts was one of the Journals
in Europe whose synipathy for the Cretans, and sup-
port of their righteous . cause, was implored by the
members of the old Committee of the Philo-Ilellenic
Society ; and yet during the period of their
struggle for independence, not so much as a single
column did that Jontnal devote to their defence before
the august tribunal of the Great Powers chosen by
the Cretans as, their J'udges. But now that the struggle
is over—now that the bravest :leaders of the candiote
insurrection • sleep .the sleep.. of . death in bloody.
shrouds—now that Turkish lust and • rapine . is
satiated—now that the spirit. of Cretan independ-
ence, affrighted at "the , spectacle of womeh brutally
violated, and children, barbarously murdered, abandons
in despair the hitherto unconquered range. of the Spha4
ltiote mountains-,-now that Crete subdued. and 'bleed-
ing lies prostrate in chains at the feet Of Turkey,
the Debuts hypocritically approaches to bewail the mis-
fortunes of a gallant but enslaved people ! As this ar-
ticle, however, is calculated to benefit a brave people,
whose claims The Sun was the very first journal in Great
Britain to advocate, we gladly make room fur an extract
from it :

" Among all the Christian populations of the East
(says the Debuts) none have suffered so much as the
Cretans, and there is none whose insurrection can be
better excused. Crete, in its ancient days, contained more
than 1,200,000 inhabitants. Under the Venetians the po-
pulation was only 900,000, which were reducedto 600,000,
when, after a war of five and twenty years, the island fell
under the Turkish yoke. On the breaking out of the
late Greek revolution there were only 300,000 inha-
bitants remaining in Crete, the result of 150 years'
domination of the Turks ; for wherever the Turk reins
depopulation follows. Since the Greek revolution
the inhabitants of Crete have dwindled down to 150,000,
of which 100,000 are Greeks, 26,000 are Turks, and
24,000 are foreigners ; but these foreigners are chiefly
Greeks, from the Morea or the lonian Isles. The
cause of this lamentable decrease since 1820, is to be
found in the war carried on by the Cretans against both
the Sultan and Mehemet Ali, and lastly in the op-
pressive character of Egyptian domination. The sad rem-
nant of a population of nearly one million and a half,
reduced to 150,000, lately took up arms again, in order
to avoid being systematically destroyed by inches. They
preferred to die with arms in their hands than to perish
methodically. But this unfortunate race has again been
brought under the subjugation of its old and cruel op-
pressors the Turks, whose yoke weighs upon the east
with a ruthless indifference to the well-being of their
subjects, for they have everywhere depopulated the
country, and inflicted sterility on the most fruitful fields."
This is no bad picture of the disease. The Debuts
remedy, which we also quote, is just what we suggested
hen we recommended the Christian inhabitants of the
Island of Crete to be placed under the joint protection
of the Great Powers of Europe: We cannot too
strongly recommend it to the attention of European
statesmen and philanthropists :—,
• -

It is impossible to make two races inimical to each
other live together in harmony, each having its distinct
laws, its own language, and its own faith. What Na-
ture has separated, let an Administration maintain
peaceably separate. Separation or extermination, there
is no medium. But are the Tnrks to be exterminated ?
We say no—the fanticism of the crusades is gone by.
Are the Greeks there to be exterminated ? Assuredly
no, &rope would not allow it, and Turkey cannot effect
it. What lion is to be dune ? Guarantee to the Chris-
tian race, subjent to the Turkish Government, a separate
Administration, under which it may live secure and pro-
tected.
" We recommend this subject to the Governments of
Europe, Humanity has a great end in view, and diplo-
macy may reap everlasting praise."
Something must be done beyond the promulgation of
the mere letter of the Hatti Scheriff to relieve the Chris.
tian subjects of the Porto from the oppression under
which they have so long groaned. The world has had
ample experience of the incompatibility of the Mos-
lem creed with the progress of an advanced
and ever-advancing civilization. Why this is so
we shall take some future opportunity of discussing, as
the subject is too comprehensive for our present limits.
Respecting the indubitableness of the fact there can hardly
be two opinions among men of any deep reflection.
Yesterday's Express from Paris enabled us to antici-
pate the ordinary news in the French Journals of Sun-
day. The following extracts are not, however, without
interest : - - - - - •

Our Madrid correspondence of the 20th inst. says, that
one of the difficulties to the raising of the new loan, on
the part of the capitalists, is, that Government will not
uive them a general guarantee from all the salt duties of
the kingdom collectively, and only offer pa: ial grants
for particular provinces. The Commit) states, that
since the Custom-house Coast-guard have been ordered
to be more strict in looking after smugglers, they have
succeeded in taking many good prizes. It adds, that
the Coast-guard intend to show extreme rigour to all
foreign vessels of war (?)
A Warsaw journal states that the Countess Malachow=
ska, wee Princes Sanguzko, having learned that the Go-
vernment had an intention of erecting a Roman Catholic
church in the parish of Yola, proposed to the authorities
to give 200,000 florins fur the building, on condition that
it should bear the name of Saint Charles Borromeo.
The Emperor granted this request, and desired Frince
paskewitsch to communicate it to the pious lady. The
building will cost 3%0,000 florins, of which the Govern-
ment will pay the remaining 150,000 florins. The works
are ordered to commence immediately.

At the last meeting of the Agricultural Society of
Lyons, a new kind of dwarf potatoe, called the bean-
potato, was presented to the members. The root is not
larger than a, hazel-nut, and yields a yellow and highly
farinaceous substance. The skin is thin, the leaves,
flowers, &c., of the plant are all upon a small scale, and
it is much more delicate than the common potato.
An old man, who had long been porter at the esta-
blishment of the Mont de Piete, Rue du Paradis, diet
suddenly the other day. Ills wages were only 1,200 f.
a year, but his income was augmented by trifling fees,
which persons resorting to that place used to give hint
for many little services which he had it in his power to
render. On examining into his affairs, he was fotrntl to
be worth 32,000 f. per annum. The day before his death
he had received six sous as a gratuity from a person who
had come to pledge some property.
The gc7ttinelle de la Marine, published at Toulon,
says The s.;elc at Mahon are most of them removed
to Port Vendre, they 4.70 sent to Montpillier,
and great exertions are 1.-'4l4ing' to prepare at liyeres
the building which is to receive 1: convalescent pa bents.
, • --day- It brings

g-
The Gregeois packet has arrived L. -nay. •- the.hos
from Mahon the last of the sick who were L. -rho_
pital. The Gregeois was to go to Cette, but the no.
west wind obliged it to put into Toulon, where it landed
the sick.

The Trieland which had run aground on a shoal at
the point of the Grosse Tour has got,off again after
throwing its water overboard, of which it will take in a
fresh supply in the port.

The Court of Cassation was to have heard yesterday
the appeal of the Attorney-General of the Royal Tri-
bunal of Toulouse, with a view to get a different exa-
mining Judge appointed in the proceeding against
Messrs. Arzac Cuse and Roaldes. At the moment when
M. Bresson was preparing to report on the case, M.
Delapalme, the Advocate-general requested that the
affair might be deferred till Friday next, which the
Court granted.

The editors-of the eight journals seized on Sunday were
summoned the day before yesterday before Belloche the
examining Judge. The Temps, • giving
an account of
what passed .on the occasion, says--." All that we can
infer from the questions put to our Editor is, that our,
number of the-22d- is not criminated on account of the
article which it contains, but on account of 'the heading
of the article, which was Retrait du ltecensement.' "
Le Commerce.

MONEY and COM iiERCIAL NEWS.

CITY, TUESDAY EVENING.
There has been a slight depression in Stocks
to-day, Lut no marked reaction has occurred. For im•
mediate transfer Consols realized 89k to closing at
84 to ; and for Account 901 to 4 ; Exchequer Bills
were 17s. to 15s. premium, being firm,. but India Bonds
dropped to 2s. and Is. premium. Bank Stock was rather
higher, viz., 1681 to 1691, the New Three-and a-half
per Cents. were at 981 to 1, and the Three per Cent..
Annuities at 90 to 90k. Money was in rather more demand.
A moderate business was done in Foreign Stocks, al-
though the half-monthly settlement attracted the chief
attention. The Bulls appeared to have the best of it,
Spanish having risen since the 16th instant from 19A to
201, and Colombian from 194 to 201. Portuguese New
Five per Cents. were at 301 tot, Mexican at 261, and
Brazilian at 674. Belgian OlFive per Cents. were at
1021, and the Three per Cents. at 701 ; French Five
per Cents. were steady at 116, and Dutch Five per Cents
at 101 i to 1021.
For Shares a good market was found, but the trans-
actions were not extensive. Great Western Railway
Shares were 17/ to 16k, the New, 6A., and the Fifths,
4 prem. The Blackwall, 91 ; Manchester and Leeds,
12 ; Eastern Counties, 144 discount. London and West-
minster Bank, New Shares, were l 4 premium. i
• There has been Lhe same firmness n the Foreign Ex-
changes this afternoon. The rise in the Exchange at
llarnburgh, attended as it was by a decline in gold, wil
be the prelude, it is hoped, of a similar movement in
the other principal cities of the Continent. The quota-
tions for Three Months' Bills have been these :—Paris
25. 65 to 671 ; Amsterdam, 12. 41 to 4 ; Antwerp, 12.
Hamburgh, 13. 101 to 11 ; Frankfort, 1491 to t; and
Trieste, 9. 50 to 52.

The following are the official returns of the Exports
of Bullion for the week ending Thursday last :
Silver Coin to Mauritius B,OOO oz.
If If Hamburgh
„ ~ Rotterdam
„ Bars to Hamburgh

(From The Sun of Last Night.)
LIVERPOOL COTTON MARKET, AUG. 30.—The sales
of Cotton to-day amount to 2,500 bales at previous
rates. There has been no alteration in prices, and ex-
porters and speculators have been altogether inactive.
LIVERPOOL SHARE MARKET, AUG. 30.—There is
little to notice in the transactions of the Stock Exchange
this day,—the rates are without any change. The fol-
lowing are the only transactions reported : —Grand
Junction, 201 ; Half shares, 100 ; Manchester, Bolton,
and Bury, 541. In Miscellaneous Stock nothing doing.
MANCHESTER STOCK EXCHANGE, At o. 30.—Shares
keep firm in price. Manchester and Leeds, 571 ; Lon-
don and Birmingham, New 321. Shares, 24 ; North Mid-
land, 652 ; Ditto, Halves, 321 ; Edinburgh and Glas-
gow, 42 ; Manchester and Birmingham, 21 ; Bank of
Manchester, 52.