The Sun.
London, England, 1848-06-19 00:00:00

M. FAYOLLE—" I hope and desire not."
In the course of the discnssion it came out that
this tax of 45 per cent. had been an election cry in
the remote provinces, and that many members owed
their seats to the pledges they had givers to insist on
its repeal. The peasantry of the south and east of
France have ever been the most ignorant
and the most under the rule of the priests of
any portion of the population. As an instance,
we may mention the manner in which they came
forward at Toulouse and endeavoured by force and
by fraud, by perjury and by violence, to rescue the
infamous Frere LEOTADE from the punishment due to
his crimes, and it is precisely in those departments
that these disturbances are occurring. At Nismes,
where in 1815, the Catholic population rose and made
a general massacre of Protestants and Liberals,
a collision has taken place in which three persons
have been killed and several have been wounded,
and according to the latest account a Legitimist out-
break had taken place at Perpignan, where the coun•
try people arrived en masse, demanding permission to
pillage, with the assurance, however, that no outrage
on persons shall be committed. The authorities have
communicated this state of things to the Government
by telegraph, and the town has been declared in a
state of siege.

At Toulouse a religious riot took place on Sunday,
when the authorities were compelled to call in mili-
tary assistance to disperse a religious procession
which had assumed a riotous character. Some of the
National Guards of the place, who belong to the
parti-pretre, and who were in the procession, actually
took part against their comrades. Owing, however,
to the courage and energy of the enlightened portion
of the population, order was restored, and the au-
thorities have interdicted those religious processions
for the future.
A letter from Foix, of the 12th, says—
" A collision has just taken place between some troops
of the line and the gendarmerie of the canton of Ta-
rascon, and the inhabitants of the commune of Rabat.
Since the revolution of February the inhabitants of that
commune have never ceased to commit depredations in
the forests belonging to a M. Bengasse, and to such an
extent have these people carried their audacity that about
40 furnaces have been erected for the purpose of burning
charcoal at the expense of that gentleman. A warrant
had at length been taken out against them, but the
gendarmerie hesitated to execute it without the assist-
ance of some troops of the line. The arrests were then
made without much difficulty; but at the moment when
the prisoners were being taken off, the armed force
were assailed with such violence that they were obliged
to fire on the people in their own defence. Two or three
of the rioters were severely wounded, but the prisoners
were taken in safety to the prison at Fuji."
A letter from Toul of the 15th, in the Impartial de
la Meurthe, says—
" Eleven individuals who had been arrested for some,
recent riots at Toul have been removed to Nancy, but
to effect this removal it was necessary to employ a large
armed force, as threats of their being rescued had been
used. A large crowd of people, however, had assem-
bled with the intention of supporting the military in'
case of any attempt of the kind being made."
Lyons appears to be still in a state far from tran-
quil. The Salut Public of the lath, says—
" The night before last, at the Guillotiers, some riot-
ous persons sought to get held of some police agents,
but thanks to the vigorous measures adopted by the
municipal authorities their designs were frustrated.
Five of the guilty parties have been already arrested,
and it is hoped that with the co-operation of all good
citizens order and tranquillity, so necessary to the prol-
perity of the Republic, will soon be re-established."
Within the last few days deplorable disturbanOs
have broken out in some communes of the Ardennc,
owing to the hostility of the peasants to the removal
of grain to Belgium. The most serious resistance
was made at Fond-de-Givonnee, where a barricade
was erected near the bridge ; and the National Guard
of Sedan, the troops of the garrison, and some bri-
gades of gendarmerie, had,all to be employed to de
strop it. From twelve to fifteen citizens were
wounded in the struggle, but eventually the perturba-
tors were put down, and four or five of them were
captured. A manufacturer of Sedan subsequently
purchased the grain, in order to give it to the poor.
The Committee of Finance, after hearing the argu-
ments of MM. THIERS, LOUVET, DAVID, and 11A.
CROIX, have decided, by a large majority, against the
Bill on mortgage credits. This decision has beier
communicated to the sub-committee on legislation
which has been also charged to examine the measure
In the same committee a discussion took place on the
project of the State dispossessing all the Fire In-
surance Companies. The Committee are understood
to be unfavourable to the measure.
The Committee on Foreign Affairs has been occu-
pied of late in several sittings with petitions relative
to the affairs of the Lihanus. The whole of .the
affairs of the East were fully discussed on this occa-
sion. After having heard the explanations of M. J.
BASTIDE, it was decided to send the whole of the pe-
titions to the Executive Committee. M. SARRANS,
the President of the sub-Committee on Foreign
Affairs, was charged to draw up the report, which is
now ready.
The representatives examined, on Friday, in
the bureaux the Bill demanding a new credit of
3,000,000 f. for the national workshops. The gerieral
idea was that these establishments ought to be :dis-
solved within the shortest possible delay. M. GOUD•
CHAUX gave some curious details in his bureau. He
declared in a formal manner that, from the moment
the propagation of LOUIS BLANC'S ideas had been esta-
blished at the Luxembourg, he had determined to quit
the Finance Department, which had been confided to
him by the Provisional Government; he foresaw at
once, he said, that the system of M. Louis BiANc
would be the ruin of the finances. M. CREMIEUX, in
his bureau, insisted on the peril of the present situa-
tion ; he attributed the continuation of the establish-
ments, for which the Bill demanded money, in part
to the bad organization :of the present executive
power, and declared that there was neither unity nor
agreement between the Ministers, amongst them-
selves, nor amongst the members of the Executive
Committee.—M. six Fennoux brought forward docu-
ments and figures with a view to prove that it was the
workmen that were to be defended against the Ad-
ministration, and not the Administration against
them.—M. ETIENNE observed, that when the pre-
ceding grant of 3,000,000 f. was demanded, the
Minister of Public Works had pledged himself, in
the most solemn manner, to dissolve almost imme-
diately the establishments complained of, and still up
to the present time nothing had been done.—Baron
C. Darin designated these establishments as the
cradle of idleness, where two milliards would be
eaten up every year, including the workyards
throughout France ; already, he said, the ill
effects of the state supporting a large body
of workmen was fatally apparent—business
was at a stop.—M. DEGOUSEE expressed his astonish-
ment that the number of workmen had not been di-
minished ; not less than 22,000 liberated convicts
were still working there, whilst a law existed for-
bidding such men to set foot in Paris. M. MORTI-
MER•TERNAUX also condemned the principle of the
State wasting such immense sums on unfruitful
labour; and then, referring to the position of the city
of Paris, he showed that the capital was by no
means in a flourishing situation; its money in hand
had fallen off since Feb. 24, from twenty-two millions
to betwixt six and seven. A great number of repre-
sentatives, after speaking strongly against the na-
tional workshops, agreed in thinking that the Go-
vernment ought to be called on peremptorily to de-
dare what they intended doing in the matter; they
also were of opinion that full explanations ought to
be insisted on respecting the affair of 1 I.E. THOMAS.
The Committee on the Colonies has considered the
question of the abolition of slavery, and has deter-
mined that, as the Minister of Marine, contrary to
the promises formally given, has as yet done nothing
to insure the regulation of the indemnity due to the
colonists in consequence of that measure, it would
itself assume the initiative, and present a Bill on the
subject.
The Committee on the Constitution have finished
their labours, and M. MARRAST will this day present
to the National Assembly the project for the new
Constitution of the French Republic.
The following is the draft of the material points of
this important document :
CON ST IT UTION OF THE FRENCH
REPUBLIC.
RIGHTS OF MAN.
In the presence of GOD, and in the name of the
French people, the National Assembly proclaims and
decrees the following :
Art. 1. The duties of man in society are summed up
in respect for the constitution, in obedience t? the laws,
in the defence of the country, in the accomplishment of
his family duties, and in the practice of that fraternal

. .
CHAPTER 111.-ON THE. EXECUTIVE POWER.

maxim :—" As ye would that men should do to you, du ' and STADION returns to Lemburg, unless some
ye to them likewise," unexpected change should be made this even*
Art. 2. The constitution guarantees to all citizens— ing. It has been at the same time resolved
Liberty—Equality—Security—lnstruction—Labour—
thatProperty—Assistance. the Court shall quit Ins ruck either this week
Art. 3. Liberty consists in the right of going and or at the commencement of the next, make a short
coming ; of meeting peaceably and without arms ; of stay at Saltsburg, Yschel, Lintz, and Persenburg, ..
associating ; of petitioning ; of exercising one's re- .
and arrive at Vienna just before the opening of the
ligion ; of manifesting his thoughts and opinions by
means of the press or otherwise. The exercise of these Diet. May it never be forgotten, that in Vienna
rights has no other limits than the rights and liberties of alone—a centralization—a Government is possible..
other nations, and the public security.
The true .hearted Tyrolese mountaineers have nobly'
Art. 4. Equality consists in the exclusion of every
title and privilege of birth, class, or caste, iu the ad- and cheerfully exerted themselves to testifiy their
missibility of every one to all public employments, with- love to their SOYBREIGN, but the Tyrol is not Austria'
out any other motive or ground for preference but virtue The presumption, the arrogance, nay, the audacity of
and talent, and the equitable participation of all citizens
in the charges and advantages of society. the students may be condemned, and punished by
Art. 5. Security consists in the inviolability of the other measures—mollifications, flight, and pro-
person, the family, the domicile, and the lights and goods crastination ; and since the return of the
of each and every member of society. Court to Vienna ought to take place, .some Art. 6. The right of instruction is that which all citi-
CO-
zens have to' receive gratuitously from the State the bounds should be put to the so-called
education proper for the development of the physical, marina by granting them furlough, for otherwise
moral, and intellectual faculties of each of them. there will be not only a renewal of the late events,
Art. 7. The right of labour is that which every man
but probably yet more serious demonstrations and
has to live by his work. Society must, by the produc-
tive and general means of which it disposes, and which unquestionably increased want of confidence.
will be organised ulteriorly, furnish labour to valid men, Speaking of the discomfitures sustained by the
who cannot procure it otherwise.
noble Austrian army in Italy and Lombardy, the
Art. 8. Property consists in the right of enjoying
and disposing of one's goods and revenues, of the fruits lfeidelburg Deutsche Zeitung says, the valiant Ails'
of one's labour, of his intelligence, and of his industry. trian army sustained the first and actual discomfiture
Art. 9. The right of assistance is that which belongs in
i
v enna itself, by the combined students and work-
to children abandoned, to the Infirm, to the old, to re-
ceive from the State the means of existing. men, and in Inspruck by the fugitive Emperor.
CONSTITUTION. Austria, that great and noble empire, is going to the
CHAPTER I.—OF THE SOVEREIGNTY OF THE PEOPLE. nound.—Allgenzeine Zeitung, June 14th.
Art. 10. France is a democratic Republic, one and in- b
divisible.
Art. 11. The French Republic has as its symbol,
" Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity."
Art. 12. The sovereignty resides in the universality of
the French citizens. It is unalienable and imprescribable
to the individual, and no fraction of the people can attri-
bute to himself the exercise of it.
13. All the public powers, whatever they may be,
emanate from the people.
14. The separation of the powers is the first condition
of a free Government.
CHAPTER IL—ON THE LEGISLATIVE POWER.
15. The French people delegate their legislative powers
to a single Assembly.
16. The election has for basis the population.
17. The total number of the representatives of the
people will be 750, including the representatives for A'
geria and the French colonies.

PRUSSIA.
RIOTS IN BERLIN.
Serious riots, attended with loss of life, in
consequence of a collision between the military
and the people, took place at Berlin on the 14th.
The gates of the Royal Palace are ordinarily °Pen
for the admission of the people. On the 14th, how'
ever, they were closed, and the people commenced
an attack on them, which was resisted by the :
•
tary. The correspondent of the Cologne Ga:ette
gives the following account of the imeute
and
" We have again had a day of disturbance s:
tumult. Great precautions had been taken for ensutrir
the safety of the Constituent Assembly, in which adeoA
on that very subject was being very hotly carried °l(i
Yesterday placards bad been posted in the town, signed
by the President of the Police, prohibiting the stsse—ci
bling of people in groups in the Castanienwald,
apparently in order to give force to the prohibition, e'r
battalions of the civic guard were posted at an earl)? Tv
in the morning on that spot, as well as in all the 1,0
roughfares leading from the Sing Academie. Tumult the
first caused by an attempt to clear the place °f
The
thickly packed crowd which had assembled there- '6O
greatest annoyance had fur some time been caused 11,01
order of the head marshal of the court closing the AP°,"5 s
of the royal palace, the court being ordinarily useu,A-not
thoroughfare. It was thought that this order Willvs
be put in force, but when the gates were closed •
cry was raised, Barricades must be made before the rseo
lace,' and a large crowd commenced carrying this albeit
into execution. The gates were forced frein.,t,ter,
hinges, and were about to be thrown into the ";fill
when a student who was by said they would bethe
elsewhere, and called on the people to take them toot
university, in order that they might serve for the r
security of the students. This advice was follovveu,siti,
the gates and ;bars were brought to the bniver the
From thence the mob again :went to the palac, the
portal of which had meanwhile been occupied 11,00
Civic Guard. It was then that one ,Muder!, the
led the people, proposed that all the bars roubudirig
Palace should be removed; and as they were Prc'elet oks
to do so they passed before the Arsenal, where: "toe
suggested that arms should be obtained. BYtll%,6fficer
the Civic:Guard had occupied all the avenues. -An„j,
attempted to read a proclamation, but the ttlre-,,
the
creased, and the people crying " To arm, tolarrosi;, who
streets by the Arsenal were besieged by the POP rtes
endeavoured to effect an entrance within it bir,inde°
ing in the wall. The Castanionwald and tbe,"""The
were also thickly covered with tumultuous croffes't, sad
movement in the whole city, in fact, is very gre !t eol
it is devoutly to be hoped that the matter mai )e
peaceably.
BERLIN, NINE O'CLOC,
The National Guards and the troops baye,firdeeferst
the people. Three men have been killed and fesrs
wounded. Barricades are being raised, and great
are entertained for the night.

41. The French people delegates the executive power
,o a citizen, who receives the title of President of the
Republic.
42. In order to be named President the person must
be born a Frenchman and of the age of thirty years at
least.
43. The President is nominated by the direct and uni-
versal suffrage of the people, by secret suffrage, and by
the absolute majority of the voters.
CHAPTER IV.—ls on the council of state,
CHAPTER V.—ls on the interior administration.
CHAPTER Vl.—ls on the judicial powers.
CHATTER VII.—Is on the public force.
CHAPTER VIM—GUARANTEE OF RIGHTS.
Art. 115. The confiscation of property can never be
re-established.
116. Slavery cannot exist on any French territory.
117. In no case can the press be submitted to censor-
ship.
118. All political offences are to be exclusively tried
by jury.
119. All citizens have a right to print and cause to be
printed, due regard being paid to the guarantees due to
public and private rights.
120. The appreciation of offences committed by means
of the press, or by any other means of publicity, belong
exclusively to the jury.
121. The jury alone shall decide on the amount of
damages claimed for offences of the press.
122. Each citizen professes freely his religion, and
receives from the state for the exercise of his peculiar
tenets an equal protection.
123. The ministers of public worship, acknowledged
by the law, have alone a right to receive a salary from
the state.
124. The liberty of public instruction is exercised
under the guarantee of the laws, and under the superin-
tendence or the state. This superintendence shall extend
to all establishments of education, without any exception.
125. The domicile of each citizen is an inviolable
asylum. It is not allowed to any one to enter there ex-
cept according to the forms and in the cases determined
by the law.
126. No man shall be deprived of his national judges.
127. All property of every description is inviolable.
129. All taxes are established for common utility.
Each is to contribute according to his fortune.
130. No tax can be levied except in virtue of a law.
131. The direct taxes can be fixed for one year only.
132. The essential guarantees of the tight of labour
are, liberty of labour, voluntary association, equality
in the relations between the employer and the work-
,' man ; gratuitous instruction, education, suitable to each
man's position : establishments of prevoyance and credit;
the establishment of great works of public utility, and
the state destined to employ the men in case of failuro
of work.
133. The Constitution guarantees the public debt.
134. The Legion of Honour is maintained. The sta-
tutes shall be revised, and placed in accordance with de-
mocratic and republican principles.
135. The territory of Algeria, and of the colonies, is
declared French territory, and shall be governed by par-
ticular laws suited to each.
CHAPTER IX.—ON THE REVISION OF THE CONSTITUTION.
CHAPTER X.—TEMPORARY PROVISION.
The 13th chapter treats of the attributes of the
Executive power, and proposes besides the President,
who is to be elected by universal suffrage, a Vice.
President, who will be nominated on the presenta-
tion of the President of the Republic by the National
Assembly, and who by right of office will be Presi-
dent of the Council of State. The President is to
be elected for four years. The President will
nominate all the members and all the political agents ;
he can dispose of the military force, but cannot com-
mand them in person. The Assembly is to be re-
elected every three years.;
It was on the proposition of the Pastor COQUEREL
that the office of Vice-President was created. The
Committee has taken exactly one month to draw up
the Constitution.
BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK-EXCHANGE, Juris 17.
Boulogne and Amiens, 6—Luxembourg, I—Northern of
France, 41A—Paris and Lyons, 2%.

FRANKFORT-ON-THE-MAP,
The following resolution was adopted by' tue,,oe
man Parliament in their sitting of the 14th 'te'
Germanic. Diet shall be invited to assign hy c°ll,-rtolise
tional means, for the purpose of founding u--,„ of
navy, a sum of six millions of thalers, the 11'.
which is to be accounted for by the central Pl.,°
ha' f of
the
the 0.
sional power to the National Assembly;
the above sum to be immediately raised, sigi
minder to be used as it may be wanted.