The Sun.
London, England, 1841-09-06 00:00:00

THE StTN. LONDON, MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 6, 1841.

north we may exterminate- them: by ck'stroying their
nests and dens (in England and Julia), thus. cutting
them off both root and branch, and not allowing them
one foot of ground, in order to appase my imperial
wrath. , keshen haVing; redeh'ecl.. bribes and hired our
troops (not to fight), I order that he forth-
with be cut in sunder at the waist. And let those who
officially attended him, whether great or small, his
relations, and all with appertain to him, with those
who are arranging the affairs with him, be all
indiscriminately decapitated. And let Paoutsung, who
was traitorously combined with the English in the affair,
be put to a- slow and ignominious death by having his
flesh-cut from ;his bones by, small bits ; • let his native
place be laid waste for a hundredlee-round (27 English
miles), and let.his relations be sentenced to the punish-
ment of transportation.
• Let the peacock's feather be plucked from the cap of
Yihshan for his imbecility and tardiness in bringing for-
ward the troops ,• let Lungwan be disgraced two de-
grees of rank, and let Yangtang be deprived of the truly
brave rank of How. And ;et every officer in the pro-
vince of Canton, whether high or subordinate, be de-
prived of his official button until they make good their
delinquencies by efficiency of effort. Respect this:

PROCLAMATION.
By 11. E. RE, TILE NEW GOVERNOR OF KWANGTUNO.
ICe, Assistant guardian of the Prince, a Director of the
Board of War, and Governor of the two Kwang Pro-
vinces, proclaims his Commands for full information.
Whereas I, the Governor, having been invested with the
rule of this territory, it becomes matter of first iinport-
anee td tranquillize the,people. In consequence-.of the
Englidt barbarians ,
having thrown the affairs-of the Pro-
yincial City :into confusion, our mercantile people both
within and without the walls dwell in disquietude. During
t 6 past month the said English barbarians earnestly re-
quested to have commercial intercourse, and in regard to
which Yang, the assistant Commissioner and high Mi-
nister, and B, the Lieutenant-Governor, have already
made a true r4resentation to the Court.

At present, Yih, the rebel-quelling General, and
Yang, the assistant Minister, together with myself, the
Governor, all respectfully wait until the day his Majesty
Will arrive, when we shall arrange matters in obedience
to the Imperial commands.
It is specially to be feared that you, mercantile
people, upon seeing such great bodies of troops assem-
bled together, may suppose that there are certainly
going to be battle and extermination, and dreading the
confusion, you may therefore previously remove your
families and goods out of the way. It is on this ac-
count therefore that we hasten to proclaim to you our
commands. It is requisite that each of you remain quiet
without fear ; and let those who have' already removed
to other places immediately return without delay.- Your
persons and families shall be as safe as the person and
family of me, the Governor ; and most certainly you
shall have the full protection of the laws. Decidedly
need you not have the slightest apprehension or surmise
of bringing upon yourselves after repentance. A special
Proclamation.

Taoukwang, 21st year, 3d moon, 25th clay (16th
April, 1841).
Macao, 21st April, 1841.

PORTUGAL.
By the Braganza steamer we have received papers
from the south of Spain, and from Portugal to the latest
dates. The Braganza left Gibraltar on the 26th, Cadiz
the 27th, Lisbon the 30th, Oporto the 31st ult., and Vigo
the Ist inst.

Lisnos, /inc. 30, 4 P.M.—The law for the new sys-
tem of taxation has been the subject of debate in the
House of Deputies during the past week. The 10 per
cent. on the civil list passed after a warm discussion from
the Opposition, who insisted that if such a tax were ne-
cessary, it ought to extend to every branch of the public
service, beginning with the Royal Household, whence
such an example would be well received. The ministerial
majority, however, objected, and argued upon the invio-
lability of the crown. Notwithstanding this feeble reason-
ing the exemption of the Royal household from partici-
pating in the new impost was decide] upon. The third law
of taxes presented by the Committee filled up the
last two sittings of Friday and. Saturday, by which it
was enacted that the national inscriptions receiving an-
nual interests should be also liable to pay 10 per cent.
upon the said interests, into the junta do credito pull co.
The Opposition opposed this measure upon the plea that
as the national debt had been guaranteed by the Consti-
tution, it would be a breach of faith to exact any impost
on the annual interests, besides the danger of such a pre-
c dent at a moment when Ministers were proposing to
the foreign creditor to nationalize or convert their credits;
which, of course, after such a determination, would not be
convertible. These arguments remained unanswered ;
and, upon a division being called for, the point was not
carried, from a scarcity of members to vote. The result
has been a depreciation of the Inscriptions of nearly
5 per cent. of their actual value, and an augmenta-
tion of the discount on the pay of the civil emplves, who
now lose 51- per cent. per month on their arrears, which-
being eight months, will produce a loss to them of 42
per cent . instead of 20, their former rate of discount. In
the sitting of the 25th the deputies decided they should
pay a decima upon their legislative allowances ; and on
the same occasion the President of the Council, M.
Augiar, declared, in the name of his colleagues, that they
would willingly subject themselves to a similar resolu-
tion. M. Jose Maria de Vasconcellos Mascarennas pre-
sented a memorial, signed by the greater part of the
merchants of the capital, against the project No. 8.
Their object is to do away with the differential duties
with nations having a commercial treaty with Portugal.
This requisition, which has been considered as important,
was laid upon the table of the House for consideration.
The Minister of Finance, M. Avilla, on Tuesday, in
making an expose of the embarrassments of the Trea-
sury, declared its inability to pay the inactive classes,
which include, among others, the widows' and orphans'
pensions, superannuated army and navy officers, and the
Miguelite officers who came under the amnesty of Evora
Monte.

Nothing has been transacted in the Senaio, owing to
the absence of so many of its members.
The revenue of the Lisbon Custom-house and Excise-
office, and Custom-house of Oporto, for the month of
July last, paid in debentures, ex paper money and coin,
amounts conjointly to 375,757,906 reis, equal to 86,1111.
3s. Bd. sterling,, showing an increase on the preceding
month of June of 10,7021. ls. sterling.
The diplomatic :.gent from Morocco, Taleb Abodesa-
lem Aberode, has sent in an official ultimatum to the
Foreign-office for the immediate payment of 30,000,000
dollars, which he claims as part of the sum due to the
Emperor. His Excellency waits for two vessels of war,
a corvette and brigantine (which, it is understood, have
already left Morocco, and have been seen cruising off the
coast of Algarve). On their arrival, it is said, he has
intimated that he will delay no longer for the promised
paytnen t.

- General M'Donald, who, it may be remembered, was
Commander-in-Chief of Don Miguel's army, and some
time since a prisoner at Oporto, was on Thursday last
arrested in this city, and is now in confinement in the
Cast!e of St. George. During an interpellation of Minis-
ters on Friday respecting the guerillas in the Algarve,
the Foreign Secretary, after boasting of the energetic
measures adopted by the Government, gave as a proof
the imprisonment of General M'Donald.

The guerillas continue in the same march, augmenting
their numbers, and making payments every 15 days to
their followers, who are now formed intif regular and
well-equipped todics. The Commandant of the Bth
military district communicates, under date of the 24th
inst., that the self-styled Colonel Casimiro, one of the
most daring of these marauders, was on the 18th shot by
his own party, from suspicion of his fidelity to their cause.
The 22d anniversary of his Royal Ilighness Prince
Albert's birth-day was feted here on Thursday last by
the British, Portuguese, and French ships of war in the
Tagus being dressed in their variegated colours, and
firing a Royal salute at mid-day.
A Gibraltar vessel, the Bernardo, was taken at Ma-
deira on the 3d instant, while endeavouring V:, smuggle
on shore brandy with which she was laden ; on being
surrounded by the Preventive Service boats some distance
from the island, she was fired into, and, unfortunately,
one of the Custom -house officers was shot by his own
party. The British brig of war Savage, which was sent
there to ascertain the facts of the case, took back the
crew to Gibraltar, whence she arrived iere on Friday
last, with despatches relative to this affair to the British
Envoy, Lord Howard de Walden. She sails again to-
morrow for the latter place.
Exchange upon London at 30 days' sight, 54d. per
milrei.

THE DEERSLAYEI3.—In this new work of
fiction by Cooper (the celebrated transatlantic novelist)
the principal character is Leather-Stockine', the renowned
hero of " The Last of the Mohicans," "The Pioneers,"
and " The Prairie." The story is connected with the
fortunes and strange adventures of a recluse family, liv-
ing in an ark on one of the romantic lakes of America ;
and the scene is of course confined to the waters and the
adjacent wild forests. Midnight surprises— desperate
encounters—scenes of torture and breathless escapes,
form the staple of the interest inherent in the fable. How
these elements are worked by the genius of Cooper the
public will readily imagine.
CAUTION TO 4outiGEßs.--The frequenters
of the parks, &c., should be careful where they bestow
themselves when tired, in their daily promenades. Since
the extension and vigilance of the police force in the me-
tropolis, the pickpockets, whose trade has been on the
wane, have substituted, for their ordinary " pickers and
stealers," certain instruments with which they are enabled
silently and surely to abstract whatever the pockets of
the lieges may chance to contain. This is effected, how-
ever, at an increased disadvantage to the sufferer, for, to
obtain the prize, the garments are hacked in a most cruel
manner. An instance of this kind, which came within
our knowledge, occurred only a few evenings since, when
a gentleman, fatigued with his walk, sat down on a bench
in the inclosure in St. James's Park, where two other
persons were also sitting. Their appearance 'was suffi-
ciently respectable, but their acts were scarcely se, for,
very shortly after they had taken their departure frOm
the tench, he found that the bottom of his coat pocket
had been entirely cut away, the contents stolen, and the
coat itself completely disfigured by large circular inci-
sions, and the loss of several shreds from the skirts.
The rubbery and mutilation were effected, no doubt,
while the skirts were hanging over the bench.—Sunday
Paper.
TENACITY OF LIFE.—It is a common saying,
that a cat has nine lives, whether true or not ; but a case
occurred in Kirkby Lonsdale which proves that et least
they have one long one. During the last month, two
cats, belonging to John Pearson, Esq., were missing, and
it could not be conjectured where they had gone. During
Tuesday in last week, one of them was heard mewing in
the hayloft, when the hay was immediately remoced, and
there they were found betwixt the boards p.nd the ceiling
both alive. TheSr were, of course, in a poor weak state,
-having been thus confined for twenty-two days without
any food, and a mow of hay two yards thick above them.
—Kendal Mercury.

!UOINEY MARKET and CITY NEWS.

(FROM 'THE MORNING PAPERS OF THIS DAY.).
CifItONICLE.—The news from China, brought by
the Overland Mail, has produced a farther fall in teas of
per lb.' The details received by this conveyance
show that the Emperor had received the accounts of the
fall of the Bogue Forts in great wrath, and had ordered
Keshan, who seems to have been the organ of communi-
cation, to be cut through the middle:; but there are no
grounds for supposing that the tea crops had been de
stroyed. On the contrary, it appears, beyond all quest,
tion, that the judicious diplomacy of Captain Elliot, her
Majesty's much abused plenipotentiary, had been attend-
ed with success in keeping open the trade, and that no
less than about 20,000,000 lbs. of tea have, in all proba-
bility 4 he'en despatched from Canton. 11,000,000
pounds had actually been .despatched before the
18th of May, and it was supposed that nearly as
much more would be obtained by the end of that
month. Captain Elliot has thus succeeded in one-
of the great objects of his negotiations, and accom-
p:ished a benefit of the most important character to the
English merchants and to the British public ; not only
so, but he has also been the means-Of supporting a most
important branch of the public revenue, nearly 4,000,0001.
sterling, which was placed in imminent peril, and which
-nothing but great caution and knoWledge of the Chinese
character could have preserved from destruction. The
barbarous order for the death of Keshen proves that
Captain Elliot was not mistaken in placing reliance
upon the sincerity of that high officer of the empire.
The treaty of the 20th of March has been maintained,
by which the tea trade has been kept open, by_accom-
?fishing which Captain Elliot has placed the British
public under -a heavy debt of- gratitude to him. The
humane and generous course of, forbearance he has
puVsned in dealing with the Chinese cannot fail to
have weight With the natives, and must tend to im-
press thern with respect for the British 'name, and a
wish to extend commercial intercOurse with this country.
By the Arab, just arrived from Van Lieman's Land,
very satisfactory accounts have been received of the
extensive property belonging to the Van Dieman's Land
Agricultural Company. The improved breeds of sheep
and cattle the Company possess have been of the utmost
consequence to the settlers, and high prices have been
given for such stock as the Company's agents occasion-
ally dispose of. There has been a great increase of their
flocks, and a considerable extent of acres is now arable,
and competition is going on for leases of portions of their
property in farms. The forests of timber on the .Com-
pany's estate are becoming valuable, and it is expected
that much and rich mineral property will speedily be
evolved.

TIMES.—The 4th of the month falling on Saturday,
the discount houses have been more than ordinarily oc-
cupied, since beSides the double amount of business
which occurs every Saturday, the great mass.of mercan-
tile paper became due to-day, and was met, under all
circumstances, with becoming promptitude. The rate
of discount is about 4a to 5 per cent.
The accounts from Liverpool to-day state that the sus-
pended firm of Messrs. Anderson, Garrow, and Co., re-
sumed payments yesterday.
A comparison of the prices of foreign grain with the
English market having been requested, the following is
subjoined :
" The highest quotation of white wheat of the first
quality at Hamburg is 154 rix dollars the last, which
answers to 50s. sd. the quarter, The highest quo:ation
of wheat of the first qualitywin London is 82s. the quar-
ter. It appears therefore that wheat is 62i per cent.
dearer in London than at Hamburg, and that with the
sum of 4/. 2s. a man may buy 13 bushels of wheat at
Hamburg,. whereas with the same sum he can only buy
8 bushels in London.

The highest quotation of Zealand white wheat of
the first quality at Amsterdam is 340 florins the last,
which is equal to 545. 10d. the quarter ; and the price of
white wheat of the first quality in London being 82s.
the quarter, it follows that wheat is 491 per cent. dearer
in London than at Amsterdam.

" The highest quotation of wheat of the first quality
at Stettin is 79 dollars current the wispel of 24 scheffels,
which is equal to 535. 9d. the quarter ; and the highest
quotation of wheat in London being 82s. the quarter, it
follows that wheat is 524- per cent. dearer in London
that at Stettin.

" The mean or average of the prices of wheat of the
first quality at Hamburgh, Amsterdam, and Stettin, is
535. the quarter ; and the price of wheat of the first
quality in London being 82s. the quarter, it follows that
the price in London is 54i. per cent. higher than the
average price of the three above-mentioned places."
It is understood in the City that a contract has been
entered into in this country for the supply of 3,000 good
cavalry horses to the French Government, part of which
will be shipped for Calais in the course of the present
week. The price paid is about 30:each.
POST.—The, English Stocks have presented a very
heavy appearance to-day, owing to the continued scar-
city of money, which has been obtainable at not less
than the rate of six per cent. The late announcement
of failures in the manufacturing districts has contributed
greatly to increase tightness of the market, combined
with the preparations necessarily made to meet engage-
ments coming due on this day (the 4th of the month),
which has passed off extremely well, and without any
addition to the late commercial embarrassments.

A rise of two or three per cent. has within the last
few days taken place in the value of Spanish Active
Stock. The quotation; at one moment, was within
a fraction of 23, no great price it will be allowed
for a five per cent. security, with six years' interest
due upon it ; but, low as was that quotation, it has
not been sustained, for the simple, the very intelli-
gible reason, that, although a conversion of the
overdue Coupons has been greatly talked of, and
may possibly be carried into effect, the Treasury
department at Madrid is notoriously in confusion,
and that, whatever measure may have been determined
upon for the relief of the foreign creditor, there is no
confidence in the continuous payment of dividends even
on dividends that have accrued. We are glad to see by
some letters which have recently appeared in the papers,
that the different classes of Spanish creditors are be-
ginning to look with a just discrimination to their own
peculiar grievances. The Committee, led by Mr. Thorn.
ton, are bound to uphold a legitimate principle, and to
exert themselves for each and every portion of them, not
losing sight of the laws and decrees appertaining to the
respective contracts. It is gratifying to perceive, that
two years' dividends, out of the four years accrued, are
at last about to be paid to the indemnity bondholders.
This approach to something like a fair appreciation of
what is due, has given an increased value to the Bonds.
which are quoted 55 to 60 per cent,
Portuguese Stock is heavy. People are shy of in-
vesting their moneys in it, while the schemes and con-
trivances of the Government at Lisbon are so imper-
fectly understood, and the promised lists of the can-
celled Bonds remain unpublished.
ADVERTlSEB.—Notwithstanding the failures at
Liverpool, Manchester, and elsewhere, within the last
few days, and we are happy to observe, by-the-by, that
Messrs. Anderson, Garrow, and Co., have resumed again,
there has certainly been an improvement in busineis
generally since the fine weather set in. A private, but
high practical authority in the City, has handed to us a
sketch of their views op. ;the:present state of matters,.
drawn up in the quaint but honest style of merchants of
theold -School, who detest speculations and bubbles,
while they advocate free trade on sound principles, and
in which they take occasion to remark :—" We have to
record a further improvement in the demand for
almost all articles necessary for manufacturing pur-
poses ; yet the accounts from the woollen districts re-
present the trade as unprofitable, for which, if true, the
manufacturers have only themselves to blame, in unne-
cessarily continuing that ruinous system of competition;
in proof of which, the colonial wool sales now in pro-
gress, comprising upwards of 20,000 bales, are going off
with great animation, at full prices; and not only that,
but paid for in cash, and hurried down to the country
by railroads, steam-boats, and other quick conveyances,
as soon as they can be weighed off and delivered. We
see no reason why a general improvement should not
take place, as those who depended upon banking ac-
commodation are nearly all ruined, and the system
itself got (almost) a death-blow ; in addition to
which there is every appearance of an abundant
harvest, more .than half already well-secured, and as the
home trade is well known to be ten times greater than
the export trade, as far as regards manufactures, we re-
peat that it is reasonable to expect a progressive improve-
ment. The accounts from the United States of Ame-
rica represent a growing distaste for Shares, Scrip,
Bonds, and bubbles, and that the people are sobering
down to legitimate commerce, consequently trade was
beginning to ijnprove all through the Union, the good
effects of which will soon be felt by:cour manufacturers."
In the whole of this excellent resume there is but one
point upon which we feel disposed to throw a lance with
our informant, and that is respecting the harvest, which,
though possitly an average, will not be abundant.

•
THE ART OF TERRIFYING ; OR, AN AGREE-
ABLE FELLow.—Prince Belloselsky possessed to an emi-
nent degree the talent of telling a ghost-story. At a
large party one evening the ladies drew their chairs
around him, and exclaimed, " Do, Prince, terrify us a
little." Upon this the Prince ordered the lights to be
extinguished, with the exception of one, which was left
burning in an adjoining apartment, the door of which
remained ajar. The narrator commenced his tale, which
turned upon the apparition of a horrid phantom, ad-
vancing slowly, in the midst of darkness visible, towards
a person in bed. For the last ten minutes the Prince had
kept his hand extended on a marble table, his voice as-
suming a sepulchral tone. All at once he applied his
icy hand upon the bare arm of his hostess, who uttered
a piercing scream. The terrified auditors rushed into
the other room, and, in their confusion, extinguished the
solitary light. The sudden darkness redotibled their
panic. At last the servants made their appearance with
flambeaux ; and the Prince, who began to be alarmed at
the success of his experiment, succeeded with some dif-
ficulty in calming the apprehensions of his fair audience.
Ladies," said he, " 'tis all your own fault ; you re-
quested me to terrify you a little, and I like to make
myself agreeable.".

A few days since four sisters dined together at
Deal, whose united ages amounted to 313 years. The re-
miniscences of youthful and bye-gone days formed the
pleasing topic of their conversation ; even the songs
learned when-the bloom of youth was on their cheeks
were not forgotten, but each in succession sang a song,
to the surprise and gratification of all present. We
heartily wish them many such anniversary meetings.—
Dover Cht:onicle.

CROPS IN SOUTH WALES.—Wheat is not
only very thin on most lands, but exceedingly short in
the ear, so that the yield cannot but fall below the usual
average. The barley crops look beautiful, and require
only a sunny day or two to bring them to perfection; the
ear promises an ample return.' Oats also look remark-
ably well, and although laid flat in many places by the
late heavy rains, they have recovered, and present a
healthy appearance. The potatoes are in general abun-
dant and good.— I Velshman.

TORY REASONS FOR CHANGE .
OF GOVERNMENT.
(From the Tablet.)
We last week ventured to express our opinion that,
ittpposing the TOries to be justified in organizing and
maintaining a regular opposition to the Whig Govern-
ment, they were= quite right in declining to pledge them-
selves on the recent measures of finance, and to make use
-of their 'majority acquired by those measures, for the
puiptise'of carrying into effect their former plans of eject;.
ing their opponent&

,But the question still remains behind, how, and on
what principle were they justified in forming such an op-
position, in banding themselves together to impede and
paralyse every act of the Government, and finally
throwing into confusion for the best part of a twelve-
month the public business of the country, for the pur-
pose of possessing themselves of the Ministerial benches
in both Houses of Parliament.
This question has two answers—as it concerns Eng•
land, and as it concerns Ireland. So far as it concerns Ire-
land, we have touched upon the subject elsewhere. But
what answer must we give as regards England? We con-
fess that we have looked through all the great measures of
the Whig policy without discerning any tangible objection
to them, which the Tories—that is, those of them who are
to assume the responsibilities of office—dare to impeach;
on principle. Their utmost stretch of animosity carries
them no further than to condemn certain measures of
Administration, the ability or prudence displayed in cer-
tain individual acts, without expressing any opposition,
vehement or moderate, to their general course of policy.
Did Lord Palmerston send out, in the first instance,
sufficiently detailed instructions to our agent in China ?
Was he (or was Mr. Bulwer) sufficiently courteous to-
wards the baffled M. Thiers ? Were all the clauses in
the Cinada Union Act free from all possible objection ?
Was it right in Lord Melbourne to present Mr. Owen
at Court, in ignorance of the particular tenets of his so-
cial philosophy ? Was Lord John Russell justified 'in
appointing a Socialist to the office of Registrar of Mar-
riages at Birmingham ? Was Sir John—now Lord—
Campbell in the right,--considered in his prophetical
character of Attorney-General—publicly to boast of the
entire suppression of Chartism two days before the out-
break of a rebellion, at which wounds were given and
blood shed ? These are the mighty articles of impeach-
ment which have formed the groundwork of the late
opposition. _ _ _ _ • •

bther points, indeed, have been insisted on in the
Tory journals, but with little sympathy from the Tory
politicians. Among these. the Poor-law stands most
prominent ; a law, we readily admit, most unjust and
condemnable in principle, and too often in practice ;
but yet a law as to which, whatever praise there may
be due for it belongs? to the Whigs, and foi all the
blame the Tories are entitled to a full and undiminished
moiety. The merit of the Poor-law—a great and
overwhelming merit—was this, that it cleansed out an
Augean stable of filthy abuse, injurious alike to the
rate-payer and the receiver of relief, and beneficial only
to rogues and swindlers ; that it introduced order
where there had been the foulest chaos ; that it placed
the administration of the law under a system of ma-
nagement, the details of which it is at any time easy
to correct and amend. It was a gigantic effort to
cure a deadly distemper, which no Tory physician
dare approach to lay his finger on. It was
a task for Hercules to do what the Whigs
have done in this matter. To reform what
they have done amiss in the matter is a task for a child
in comparison. To act with a little less severity ;
to employ the existing labour a little more exten-
sively ; to use the workhouses a little more like alms-
houses for the decrepit and infirm • to introduce gra-
dually the best and most economical mode of labour ;
these are changes of great. and mighty importance indeed,
but yet order, arrangement, method, having been sub-
stituted by the Whigs for the last degree of disorder,
they are changes which require rather bowels of mercy,
and a reasonable amount of firmness to bring them
about, but no great reach of intellect, or display of offi-
cial courage. The entire merit of the law, then, belongs
to the Whigs. The blame, whatever there is evil in the
Jaw, belongs to the Tories equally with the Whigs,
They have supported it throughout. They have ever
welcomed itin their own House of Lords: And their leader
in the House of Commons has • declared himself unable
to find a substitute for it. Indeed a far larger share of
blame belongs to them for the detestable hypocrisy with
which they have used the unpopularity of the law to
serve their ends, while they have done nothing to miti-
gate its most revolting features..

A second question— of principle on which they have
been attacked out of doors is the principle of what is
called " governing by Commissions," introducing central
management, tampering with local institutions.
In answer to the charge, we might say that the ac-
cused Ministers have established the principle of inuni-
pal government in all the great towns of England and
Scotland, and have, against the unbroken strength of
the Tory Opposition, replaced, as far as they could, the
principle of local representation for that virtual Parlia-
mentary franchise which was the glory of the olden times.
But we go further ; we say that the first step in this
principle of centralization was taken by the author of the
Metropolitan !'elite Bill, who, by that successful experi-
ment, established the principle upon which the Whigs
have since endeavoured to act in one or two instances.
The author of that Bill was Sir Robert Peel, the present
TOry Prime Minister.

Xs to their Commissions for obtaining information on
the condition of the people there is little need to speak.
They have done honestly aid Wisely in appointing these
Commissions.- There will be little difference, we sus-
pect, between the two parties". on this score, except, per-'
haps, that the Tories will do their utmost to turn to
account the information which Whig Commissions have
scraped together, and having this fund of information in
hand, they will have less need to incur the imaginary
odium of new Commissions hereafter.

On the question of free trade, for which the Whigs
have been so vehemently assaulted, the very Tory Pre-
mier is himself a free trader—an enthusiastic disciple of
Mr. Huskisson—an unrelenting though cautious enemy
of all prohibitions upon commerce and all restrictive
monopolies.
In other departments of the Government we find the
most happy unanimity among the more respectable of the
Tory party as to the merits of the Whigs.
Just as the Whigs are leaving office, it is discovered
that Lord Melbourne, whose name has been the butt of
the foulest abuse, whose personal proceedings have fur-
nished an inexhaustible theme for malignant though
clumsy ridicule, and whose vigilant attendance at Wind-
sor Castle and Buckingham Palace has given rise to the
most rending shrieks from Tory prudery, has all along
—on the testimony of the Dyke of Wellington--been
rendering the most essential service to the country in the
most delicate and important of his functions by his
sound political education of her Majesty.
Just as the Whigs are leaving office, the merits of
Lord Palmerston's foreign policy, which has steered this
country amidst unexampled difficulties and complication;
without violating the peace of Europe on the one han,
and, without surrendering one jot of the dign:tl and
honour of the empire on the other, are suddenly Lrought
to light.

Just as the Whigs are leaving offict, the extraordinary
merits of Lord Cottenham burst in full blaze upon the
dazzled eyesight of his ry,:',ltical opponents (as may be
seen in an extraordmp:Ly article in the Times of yester-
day), who are b►lrning with impatience to bestow upon
him some token of nationel recognition.
There is no pretence that the Whigs, the strenuous
opponents of the Anti-Church-rate agitation, and the
authors of that parson-fattening Act which goes by the
name of the Tithe Commutation Act, are in any degree
hostile to the best interests of the Anglican Church in
England.

There is no pretence that the temporizing policy of
Lord Melbourne is a whit more dangerous to the Church
of Scotland than the intrusive policy of Lord Aberdeen.
There is no pretence that the great Whig landlords,
with their eight-shilling duty, are one iota more adverse
to the interests of agriculture than the manufacturing
free-trader who is now the Tory Prime Minister ; whu
will pledge himself as to the mode of protection to be
given to agriculture, but not to the amount • and who,
we entertain no doubt whatever, if he does substantially
reduce the present sliding scale, will, in fact, diminish the
protection to agriculture far more than the Whigs are
now proposing to do.
So far as ,Great Britain is concerned, there is not the
shadow of a pretence for a change of Ministers on any
one point of principle. The open opposition of Parlia-
mentary Toryism has 'not been an opposition of principle
but of detail. The.Whiggish unpopularity which has re-
ference to principle, is au unpopularity which the Tories
must inherit when they, assume the reins of Government,
unless they are.'"prepared in the basest manner to re-
nounce the principles which their leaders have hitherto
professed and acted on.

OBJECTIONS TO COUNTY VOTERS. The
number of objections to county voters whose qualifies.-
dons are situate in the township of Leeds, served by the
Tories upon the Liberal party, is 397, and the number
of objections served by the latter upon the Tories is 812.
The last mentioned number is much larger than as com-
pared with that of the last three years ; but we believe it
arises from the fact that the Reformers have hitherto
acted too liberally towards their opponents, by neglect-
ing to make objections to parties where the circumstances
were such as fully to justify them in doing so.—Leeds
Mercury;

THE HARVEST.--A week of brilliant harvest
weather, uninterrupted only by a few hours' rain on
Tuesday, has enabled the farmers to make good progress
in clearing their fields. Another such a week and the
greater part of the wheat will be secured.— Wiltshire
Independent.

THUNDER STORM-Yesterday afternoon (Fri-
day) between four and five o'clock, we were visited by a
terrific storm of thunder and lightning, accompanied by
torrents of rain. During the day the weather had been
uncommonly hot and sultry, and the troubled state of the
atmosphere portended a storm. Up to four o'clock,
however, the sky was comparatively clear ; but a little
past that hour big drops of rain began to fall ; and soon
after brilliant flashes of lightning darted forth in exten-
sive volume. These were speedily followed by loud and
long peals of thunder, which burst, as it were, imme-
diately overhead, and shook many buildings to their
foundations. The storm raged with much violence ; but
about six o'clock the rain and thunder ceased, though
the lightning continued to flash nearly all the evening.—
Dover Chronicle.
DEAL.—On Saturday week Mr. Bush and a
party went by steam to the Goodwin Sands, to fix upon
the spot where the light-house is to be erected, and to
lay down the buoy. A little to the northward of the
Swatchway was chosen, where there are seven or eight
feet 'at low water. The party afterwards went to look at
the beacon, erected last autumn, which has stood the
buffetings of the wind and tide since, not having sunk
more than two feet. This affords every hope for the .suc-
cess of Mr. Bush's gigantic undertaking, and which,
when completed, will no doubt be b
the means of savine,
more lives and property than any similar undertaking in
the world.--Dover Chronicle.