The Sun.
London, England, 1848-03-04 00:00:00

litlE SUN', LONDON, SATURDAY

mourning which, in another circumstance, I had not
hesitated to render public.
_ _

" If the regret which I experience for the fatal and
premature loss of the eminent citizen who had given
to his republican belief the double éclat of a rare
talent and of a tried courage, if this regret could
have been increased, it would have just taken place.
"To say that the citize❑ ARMAND CARREL iS
wanting to these events, is to render to his memory
the homage most worthy of it.
" But I am wrong—there is an homage still more
worthy, and which we can render to it, namely, to
demand from the Provisional Government, which has
just covered itself with glory in abolishing the
punishment of death, to complete its work by also
proscribing duels."
'We have transcribed the address uttered by the
editor of La Presse, not so much as a compliment to
a brother journalist under very unusual circum-
stances, as because we recognise in it the expiation of
a crime that is one of the most dismal in the annals
of a struggling people, and because, above all, the
peroration of that simple address was the declaration
of an august and holy principle. Citizen GIRARDIN
calls upon the Provisional Government—upon that
Government which has just covered itself with glory
in abolishing the punishment of death—citizen
GIRARDIN, we say, calls upon that Government to
complete its humane innovations by the proscription
of duelling. EMILE GIRARDIN does this—a man
notorious as a duellist. He, with his hands still
blackened by the explosion of gunpowder, with his
finger still seamed by the pressure of the trigger—in
the churchyard of St. Maur—over the grave of that
young and noble heart which twelve years before he
had stilled for ever—at the foot of the pedestal of
the majestic statue of ARMAND CARREL—he, the
veteran duellist of the Buis de Boulogne, demanded
of the newly-inaugurated Republic of France the
proscription of duelling. After an appeal so forcible
—so eloquent at once in place, in person, and in
occasion—we cannot but think that that devillish
system will be prohibited which might correctly be
designated a system of fashionable assassination.
Thanks to the odium which has been latterly
showered upon duellists, this evil habit has been
gradually abating in frequency. But as yet all that
is requisite in its regard has not been accomplished.
It is essential that the Legislature of some great coun-
try should formally brand the crime with its stigma,
and what Legislature could more appropriately pro-
nounce its decision upon this point, with more
honour to itself and more influence in its example,
than that which has just emerged, like the Apotheosis
of Liberty, from the storm of a tremendous but
unbloody revolution ? It will be well that at such
an epoch the proximate cause of a social advancement
of this memorable description should arise, as it
were, from the death dust of ARMAND CARREL—of
that young and unsullied Republican who has been well
named the Chevalier of the People !

In the sitting of the Chamber of Deputies of Bel-
gium on Thursday, the Minister of Foreign Affairs
stated that Belgium had received no official commu-
nication from the Provisional Government of France,
but that the Prince DE LIGNE had forwarded a letter
addressed to M. DE LAMARTINE to him in common
with the other Ambassadors at Paris, and announcing
that he acted as Minister of Foreign Affairs. Ile
then read a letter (a copy of which has, no doubt,
been forwarded from Paris), and stated that the
Belgian Government had directed the Prince DE
LIGNE to declare to M. DE LAMARTINE the satisfac-
tion with which Belgium had received intelligence
of the views that animated France towards those
Powers, which, in common with herself, desired the
independence of nations and the peace of the world
—sentiments which accorded so well with those of
Belgium. The military preparations, he said, were
simply measures of precaution, taken to strengthen
all the fortresses on the different frontiers ; and he
concluded by asserting that the sole end the Belgian
Government had in view was to maintain the
national independence, to preserve the territory and
political neutrality inviolate, and to keep intact those
liberal institutions which Belgium had so gloriously
obtained.

The KING is very popular, and the great majority
of the people are in favour of a monarchical form of
government.

Accounts from Malta of the 25th ult. bring further
intelligence from Naples and Sicily.
At Naples and Palermo all was quiet on the 20th,
but hostilities commenced at Messina on the 223, at
seven A.M.

Nothing could equal the heroic courage of the
people. They were well provided with all the ne-
cessary materiel of war. Their guns were heavy,
well-directed, and well manned ; and although the
Neapolitans fired well, the overwhelming force of the
people rendered their exertions useless. Many of
the former weie killed ; of the latter the loss was
not so great. At eight o'clock Fort Reale fell by
assault. At ten the Arsenal was taken, and au hour
after Terra Nova. All the outworks of the other
forts, except that of San Salvadore, were taken.
The tricolour flag had been hoisted at Constance.

MEnntET ALI arrived at Malta on the ISith. He
had been suffering from dysentery, and had been
recommended change of air by his medical advisers.

The King of PRUSSIA, on hearing of the events
which had occurred in Paris assembled his Council.
After several consultations it was determined to
energetically oppose every attempt at an ag►gression
from France, as also every attempt at disturbing the
peace of Europe.
Orders were issued the same day to four regiments
to advance by forced marches to tha Rhenish fron-
tier, and two cavalry regiments were ordered from
Pomerania.

The greatest anxiety prevailed as to the future steps
of the French Republic.

Business was almost at a stand-still.

The fall in every species of public security was
most heavy, and offers were rejected below quota-
tions. Bank Shares fell to 101 ; Cologne-Minden
Railway Shares to 87, and these were only nominal
price. Staats. Sch. Sch. Three•and-a•Half per
Cents., 98i.

FRANKFORT, FEB. 2J.—To•day, as yesterday, no
business was done.

VIENNA, FELL 26.—Five per Cents., 971 ; Four
per Cents., 82; Bank Shares, 1,500.

The Council of State of Vaud met at Lausanne
on the 27th ult., and adopted the following resolu-
tion :

" The Council of State having learned that subse-
quently to the important events which took place at
Paris, the people of the capital of France, not satisfied
with the abdication of King Louis Philippe 1., pro-
claimed the Republic and appointed a Provisional Go-
vernment; considering that that event must be attended
with the most beneficial results for Switzerland, the
maintenance and development of her democratic institu-
tions; considering that the French people has always
sympathised with all nations, and particularly with the
Swiss people; and whereas the citisens of Vaud must be
anxious to make a public manifestation in favour of the
French people, in which the Council of State will must
heartily concur; decrees that a salute of 101 guns shall
be fired to-day at Lausanne. To that effect the In-
spector-General of the Militia will send to the arsenal
of Murges fur two 12-pounders, with the ammunition
necessary, and call out the cannoneers of the section of
Lausanne, who will commence firing at five o'clock P.M."
This decision was officially communicated to the
French Provisional Government.

The Madrid journals of the 2Gth ult. bring no
news.

The Three per Cents. were done at 28i, at 50
days; the Four per Cents. at 16 for cash; and the
Five per Cents. at 171.

TO FRANCE.
France! thou dost give
Fresh hopes! the nations live
In thy great deeds. O'er the glad, sounding sea
England, uprising, clasps her hands to thee.
Tne world is young again in her great joy;
Build up the brotherhood, no more destroy ;
Ti me brings a new evangel; we await
Our promised entrance to a fairer state,
'hero men shall be
Heroes supremely free!
HENRY LESTAR HARRISON.

ARRIVAL AT COSSIER Or LORD HARDINGE.—
The Overland Mail, just arrived, announces the arrival
at Cossier, on the 14th of February, of the Right Hon.
Viscount Hardinge, accom.panied by- the Honourable C.
IL and A. Hardinge, Lieutenant-Colonel Hare, Lieu-
tenant-Colonel Wood, and Lieutenant Astel, in the Moo.
zuffer, which left Calcutta on the 18th of January. His
Lordship expected to reach Alexandria (where the Sidon
5V:4m-frigate awaits him) NI lihe 2Sth of February.

THE FRENCH REPUBLIC.

PROCEEDINGS AT PARIS.

We have received the Paris papers of yesterday.
The Provisional Government of France have just
issued the followed ordonnances

" THE FRENCH REPUBLIC.
" LIBERTY, EQUALITY, FRATERNITY.
" The Provisional Government of the Republic, consi-
dering that, during the last fifty years every new Go-
vernment that constituted itself, required and received
oaths, which were successively replaced by others at
every political change ;
" Considering that the first duty of every republican
is to be devoted without any reservation to the country,
and that every citiien, who, under the Government of
the Republic, accepts functions or continued in the ex-
ercise of those he occupied, contracts in a still more
special manner the sacred obligations of serving it and
devoting himself to its security, decrees :
" Public functionaries of the administrative and ju-
diciary order shall not take any oath.
"Paris, Ist March, 1848.
(Signed) " The Members of the Provisional Govern-
ment:—Dupont de l'Eure, Lamartine, Arago, Cremieux,
Ledru Rollin, Gamier Pages, Marrast, Marie, Louis
Blanc, Flocon, Albert."
THE FRENCH REPUBLIC.
" LIBERTY, EQUALITY, FRATERNITY.
" PROCLAMATION.

" Citizens,—The Committee, appointed by the Go-
♦ernment to inquire into the gipievances of the labouring
classes, entered on its functions this day. On the
benches, lately occupied by privileged legislators, the
Peers of France, the people seated itself in turn, by way
of taking material possession of its right, and marking
the place of its sovereignty.
" Labourers, your comrades discussed before us the
interests which are dear to you, with the calmness and
dignity becoming free men. We have heard their
wishes, and in order that they may be speedily realised,
we have agreed that each profession should choose a
delegate to attend the Government Committee.
" Until the Government. Committee be completed by
the choice of the delegates of the different professions,
we will proceed to settle the questions relative to the
hours of labour and the abolition of job work.
" Now, citizen?, hasten to resume your labours. Bear
in mind that every hour's delay is a treasure lost to the
country. You are one of the bases, and the object of
the special solicitude, of the Provisional Government of
the Republic. It loves you : confide in it, and rest
assured that it desires you happiness as impatiently as
you do yourselves.
" The people has gained by its courage an ever-
memorable victory, and will immortalise its triumph by
its wisdom.
(Signed)
" The Members of the Provisional Government."
The Democratic Committee of Paris waited, on Wed-
nesday, on the members of the Provisional Government to
assure them of its co-operation, and present to it some
observations relative to the choice of certain public func-
tionaries. Messrs. Arago, G Ander Pages, and Armand
Marrast replied to the committee that thet• had already
revoked a number of appointments which had been made
in the hurry of their first installation. They thanked
the committee, and invited it to watch with a severe eye
over the rights of the citizens, adding that they were
happy to be able to rely on its co-operation.
M. Cssfunieux, Minister of Justice, returned the fol-
lowing reply to the address, presented to him by M
Cormenia, in the name of the Council of State:—
" Citizens of the Council of State, the Provisional Go-
vernment receives and accepts the assurance of your co-
operation and the expression of your devotedness to the
Republic. In this great and noble country unity
constitutes force, and centralisation imparts to all the
branches of the administration a vigour of which
the results are immense. The Council of State, a su-
perior and central power, possessed at its origin exten-
sive and constitutional prerogatives. Its political power
has been of late curtailed, and its administrative mission
considerably augmented. The Council of State may no
doubt become, under the constitution, which the
National Assembly shall shortly vote, an important
leranch of our Republican Government, particu-
larly if, as we hope and desire, the National Assem-
bly decrees he establishment of a single chamber, the
expression of the suffrage of all citizens, to represent
the nation. This time, at least, it shall not be
a mutilated representation, chosen by a nearly imper-
ceptible number of privileged men, who, for the most
part, shared among themselves all the advantages of
what it had been agreed to call the Representative Go-
vernment. It will be, gentlemen, the Government of
the people by the people, or, what is the same thing,
by those the people shall have elected itself, in the full
enjoyment of its right of sovereignty."
"Citizens, you are no doubt actuated by a frank and
loyal desire to serve the Republic.—( Yes, yes.)
Royalty, so often dethroned during the last halt'
century, has finally succumbed, less from the effects of
the anger than the contempt of the people. Corruption
has killed it more than bad faith. Yes, it is
from the upper regions of society, the leprosy
with which they wished to cover France—a
country so noble, so loyal, and so pure—emanated.
(The Minister was here interrupted by loud ac-
clamation.) They attsmpted to revile us in the eyes
of the world, we, the chivalrous people, the sons of that
land of honour and of every exalted sentiment. Con-
tempt arose, the people assumed an imposing attitude
and royalty vanished fur ever from the soil it had pol-
luted. Nobody is better aware than you, gentlemen,
who closely approached the regions of power, of the dis-
regard t ntertained for the people in those royal residences.
Who cared for its interests, its sufferings, its misery,
heightened by so many ♦.rtues P— (New acclamations.)
There is accordingly an end to Royalty, for we can see
no form under a hich it would be re established. They
all had their day. Is it the old French Royalty we
could regret? The last King of the third race was
swept away by the tempest, raised by iniquities, heaped
up during ages, and under so many reigns, Is it the
Royalty of glory? It could not guard itself against
despotism. Is it restored Royalty? Yon may remember it
gentleman, labouring to revive the past with an extraordi-
nary assurance, which a breath of the people dispelled.
We next had a Royalty, the offspring of a revolution,
which the too confiding nation accepted. What a trial
was reserved to us fur the last I Citizens, all Royalties
are at an end in our land of freedom. The Republic
remains to us. The people have reconquered it, end we,
it. first elected representatives, have proclaimed it. The
Republic, that is the country, France, all citizens, the
nation, the p• ogle, for the Republic is the universality of
the eclars, un►ted for the triumph ut the coun-
try. Citizens, let us all cherish that Republic,
whose name resounds so gratefully —so sweetly
in our ears ; let us cherish it with the same ardour, for
there can be no shades in our love of the Republic. In
a monarchy shades may exist. One loves a king more
or less, or not at all, or conditionally, for a king does not
represent the country. But how can any citizen love the
Republic, that is the country, more or less than the
other? We must sacrifice to it our fortunes and uur
lives; it possesses the same rights over all, and the hap•
piness of devoting oneself for her cause constitutes the
first virtue of the citisyn—patriotism."
This speech was received with cries of " rice la
Republique."
The Monileur publishes a decree, extending to the
department of the Seine and Seine-Inferieure the de-
cree published for Paris, relative to the delay granted
for the payment of bills falling due between the 22d
February and lath March.
Yesterday the banking houses of Paris resumed
discounting operations, and all, in imitation of the
Bank of France, paid the bills presented to them.
A most affecting scene, which we trust will occa-
sion the early passing of a law to put down duelling,
took place at the tomb of M. ARMAND CARREL.
The friends of M. ARMAND CARREL repaired on
Thursday to the Cemetery of St. Maude, where his
remains are interred, to render an homage to his
memory. The National Guards and schools were
represented at the ceremony by deputations,
and M. ARMAND MARRAST, a member of the Provi-
sional Government, attended in its name. After a
speech from the Mayor of St. Maude, M. EMILE DE
GIRARDIN, by whose hands M. CARREL had fallen,
stepped forward and deplored in affecting terms the
fatality which had deprived the country of the
services of a citiaen, whose loss was never so
cruelly felt as at the present moment. " There
is, however," added he,' " homage still more
flattering due to his memory, that is, to
invite the Government, which has acquired so
much glory by abolishing capital punishment, to com-
plete its work by proscribing duelling." When he
had concluded, M. DE GIRARDIN was embraced with
affection by all the persons who surrounded him. M.
ARMAND MARRAST, in his turn, delivered a short ora-
tion over the tomb of M. CARREL, and cordially shook
M. DE GIRARDIN by the hand. The procession then
left the cemetery and returned into town.
The intelligence of the proclamation of the Re-
public in France had produced the deepest sensation
at Berne, and many refused to believe it. In the
evening of the 27th, the Vorort was to hold an
extraordinary meeting to consider the expediency
of the immediate recognition of the French
Republic. It was also believed that the Diet
would be convoked, and that the Government would
propose to it to place the frontiers, bordering on the
Austrian and German States, in a condition to repel
all invasion on that side.
Letters from Naples of the 23d ult., state that Lord
MINTo and the French Ambassador would sail on
that day for Palermo, to endeavour to adjust the dif-
ference between Sicily and Naples.
The funeral of the citizsns who died for their
country in the three days of February is fixed to
take place this day. It was to be solemnly celebrated
in the Church of the Madeleine, whilst other funeral
services were to be performed at the same time in all
the other churches in Paris. The bodies, 170 in
'number, were to be deposited in the vaults of the
column of July, next to the remains of the cam.
batants of July, IS3O. Ths procession is to be