The Sun.
London, England, 1848-12-28 00:00:00

D B E

NEW ZEALAND.
WAGES 'OF LABOUR AT WELLINGTON IN, THE YEA?t,

1847.
Farm labourers, per week, 11. is., or 304 to 851.
per annum, with board and lodging, and 401.: to 601;
per annum for superior servants as shepherds, wjth
ditto; other labourers, per week, 11.45. ; domestic,
serVants, per annum ,12/ Si. for girls, 201. to
for women, 151. to IS/. for boys, 251. to 35/. for men,
with board and lodging—great ' lAcattitj'• artizan
viz .zarPenters, per diem, ss. 6d., to Gs. '6d.; brick-
layers, per diem, ss. to. 6s. ; masons, Per diem, ss.
to 6s. ; sawyers, per 100 feet, Bs., -foi labour only ;
blacksmiths, per diem, ss. ; cabinet-makers, per
diem, ss. to Gs. ; shipwrights, 6s. to 75.; journeymen
to tradesmen,• per diem; 4s. Hours of labour, from
eight to five, with one hour for dinner. •
TOPULATION".TRADES AND PROFESSIONS-.-AT
LINGTON IN THE. YRAR, 1847. '

Capitalists and ' agriculturists farming their own
lands, 7 ; capitalists occupying grazing runs, 60;
capitalists employing labourers, 36 ;* agribUlturists
and small farmers, 94; labourers, 325 ;-f• domestic
servants, male 18, female 64; lawyers of all grades,
9 ; medical practitioners, 10; clergymen and priests,
S ; merchants, traders, and auctioneers, 32 ; store
keepers and tradesmen, 29 ; Government officers, 22 ;
Company's ditto, 5 ; constables (armed police), 30 ;
surveyors, 10; gentlemen, 7 ; architect, 1 ; banker,
1 ; clerks, 24; shopmen, 10 ; settlers, 22 ; chemist,

1; distiller, 1 ; tallow chandler, 1; schoolmasters, 9 ;
schoolmistresses, 8 ; bakers, 23; butchers,l7 ; millers,
3 ; lodging- house keepers, male 1, female 1 ; brewers,
4 ; ginger-beer makers, 2 ; Carpenters and joiners,
85 ; cabinetmakers, 8; turner, 1 ; millwright 1 ;
:shipwrights, 13 ; boatbuilder, 1 ; boatmen, 10 ; sea-
men and whalers, 50 ; hotel-keepers and publicans,
18 ; brickmakers, 6 ; bricklayers, 16 ; plasterers, 5 ;
masons, 2; slaters, 2; painters and plumbers, 14;
wheelwrights and cartmakers, 9 ; carters, 18 ; horse-
breakers and grooms, 4; coopers, 9; sawyers, 59;
brushmaker, 1; sailmakers, 3 ; tanner, 1 ; currier, 1;
farrier, 1 ; shoemakers, 45 ; tailors, 15 ; blacksmiths,
18 ; engineers, 2 ; boilermaker, 1 ; gunsmith 1; cut-
ler, 1; tinmen, 2 ; watchmakers, 3 ; printers, 11 ;
saddlers, 2 ; bookbinder, 1 ; stationer, 1 ; dyers 2 ;
gardeners, 24 ; apprentices, 6 ; ropemakers, 4 ; sta-
tuary, 1 ; women employed in washing and needle-
work„, 10 ; milliners and straw-bonnet makers, 9 ;
cowkeepers and dairymen, ; professions not ascer-
tained, 44—total males 1,32/ ; females 92.

* These are included in the other capitalists—graziers,
merchants, and others.
The greater proportion of persons returned as la-
bourers cultivate small quantities of land, which they
lease on their own account. The number of labourers
who live entirely by weekly and daily labour does not
probably exceed tee number of 150; the remainder only
work occasionally, when their affairs allow them a little
unemployed time.
A great proportion of the mechanics, artizans, Fee., do
not follow their trades exclusively, but either as pur-
chasers or lessees of small parcels of ten to twenty acres
of land, employ their time in cultivating the same.—riew
Zealand Journal, Dec. 16.

In consequence of the increase of traffic on the
State railways in Belgium, the production of coke has
become insufficient for the consumption, and it has been
necessary to enter into an arrangement with private
companies to make up the deficiency.
ViscoursT HARDINGE.—This distinguished General
and statesman passed through Maidstone early on Wed-
nesday morning last, on his way to visit his old Penin-
sular friend, our respected neighbour, Sir John Croft,
Bart., at Milgato, to join a
,shooting party. We hear,
from an eye-witness, that throughout the day the gallant
veteran perfectly astonished, by his shooting with hik
one arm, those who never before had the honour of
being out with him, killing his bird the first ten shots.
Long may his Lordship continue to enjoy undiminished
his present health and strength, and well-earned respect
and admiration of bis grateful countrymen.—Maidstone
Journal.

THE EARL OF.LEVEN.—We are glad to learn that
the Earl of Loren is now rapidly recovering from the
serious illness under which he laboured lately, and which
spread the greatest alarm amongst his family and friends,
assuming as it did for some days a very threatening ap-
pearance.—Fifeshire Journal.
COURT-MARTIAL AT CHATIAM, DEC. 26.1--A
general court martial assembled at this garrison, of
which Lieutenant-Colonel M`Pherson, of the 17th Regi-
ment, was President, for the trial of Thomas Kelly, No.
2,728, a private in the 50th Regiment of Foot, stationed
at Dover. The prisoner was arraigned for absenting
himself without leave from the barracks, making away
with part of his regimental necessaries, being drunk and
striking a non-commissioned officer; and breaking away
from an escort. The prisoner pleaded guilty to the
three first charges, and denied that he struck the non-
commissioned officer. Several witnesses were examined.
The Court found the prisoner guilty of the four charges.
The issue will not be known until confirmed by the
Horse Guards.

~j

•The highest temperature in the United States I
the' eleven years ending 1847, was 98i degrees, on the
16th of July, 1645; the lowest temperature was six de-
grees below zero on the sth of February, 1840. The
extreme range of the temperature in those eleven years
was' 104f.degrees.
Islets PRODUCE.—The following is a compendium
of importations of provisions- into the metropolis from
the sister Country" during the period comprising from
the llth to the'23d instant, vii.; 4,612 boxes, casks, and
'other packages of butter, 144 casks anti bales of hams,
39 packages of feathers, 203 sacks of malt, 683 hampers,
boxes,-and casks of bacon, 503 boxes and cases of eggs,
133 casks of whisky, 439 packages of pork, 205
packages tbf soups,"l6l Casks of lard, 659 bales Of
'paper, '273' Packages of general provisions, 301 casks of
porttir, 480 casks of beef,' 21" packages of soap, 25 of
linen, 4of seed, 18 of salmon, 500 sacks of oats, 86 head'
of horned cattle, and a variety of other articles of food
and of general merchandise, "of 'lesser interest and im-
portance; which need not be more particularly detailed,
.A.WOMIN KILLED BY A LAMH.—On Sunday last,
en old woman going across a field at Methley, York-
shirei-was attacked by a tap lemLl, and's° much injured
that' She died On Tuesday.
PGST-01FIbi notice has just been
issued from the ,General Posi-offiee that on and after
the litlaimary,.lB49.,.*the 'British-rate of postage of 6d.
'the half-deinee on letters from the United Kingdom,
addressed to Mecklenburg-Schrerin, and conveyed by
thenirect Hamburgh paCketa, or by private ship, direct
from London,'or Hull to Hinablugh,' will be combined
viith'4d:, The rate due to MeCklenburg-Schwerin, which
ineliides the 'transit rate payable to Hamburgh. This
''combined rate of 10d. the half-ounce, &c., may-either be
paid in ava,ance or left unpaid, at the option of the
'sender ; but the - payment' of the 'British 'rate only,
according to the existing practice, will not be
.permitted.
POST-OFFICE NOTICE.—The LordS Commissioners
of her Majesty's-Treasury having authorised the remis-
sion of all chareei for packet postage heretofore levied
in the United Kingdom, upon letters conveyed be-
tween the United Kingdom 'and the United States of
America, by the contract packets of the United States,
no charge is hereafter to be made upon letters brought
into this country by such packets, or upon letters posted
in this country addressed to be forwarded to the United
States by sueh packets.
SAINT CLEMENT DANES RAGGED SCHOOLS.—On
Monday last Mr. Jaequet, the churchwarden, and the.
benevolent friends and supporters of these schools, pro-
vided the boys belonging to theni with a very appropriate
Christmas freiit: " 'After attending divine service at the
parish church in the morning, the boys assembled in the.
ball of the 'vestry louse, where beef and bread, half
pint of porter, and a large slice of plum pudding, were
supplied to each. They were afterwards asidressed by
the rector, the Rev. W. W. Ellis, Richard Twining,
Esq., and otherientlemen of the parish, and exhorted to
be punctUal‘in thtir attendance at school.
IliinWri.is"-=-On an average of six of the leading
railiyays, they suffer to the extent of 100,0001. a year by
depredations and negligence. They also pay 200,0001.
a year for the Government tax Of five per cent. on first
and second=class passengers ; 200,000/. a-year for parish
rates and taxes for land which bid before not paid
2004,000 sixpences. This is in addition to stamps, which
'Make another 100,000/. a-year, and tithes, income-tax,
&c., all leitied in-the most cepricions manner.—C. Nash,
on Railway 111anayeixent.
ST. MitRiINE BATHS AND LAUNDRlES.—Yesterday
this, the first building established under the 9th and 10th
.of Victoria, intituled an " Act to encourage the esta-
blishment of Baths and Wish-houses for the Labouring
Classes," and erected at a cost of about 5,6004 by the
rate-payers of. St, Martin's-in-the-fields in Orange-
street, Leicester-'square, was opened for pabliC, inspectiDn
till Saturday next. The structure. corers about 14,000
square' feet, having' a frontage 0f.150. feet in Orange-
street, with five entrances, one to the 'laundry, and two
to each division of baths, one for exit, the other for en-
trance, The basement is occupied, by the apparatus for
heating and pumping water. The ground floor contains
the baths—the east wing, for females, hold 5 -first and 19
second class baths ; the west, for males, 9 first and 35
second class'; each bath.rooni ie six feet square, the bath
occupying one side, and a row of pegs for bat and clothes
ognl a
stl:
;e
toht he efir
r;s t
ct l
at
shag. headfemalies ab
as
tehast
beingand swing
o r
o, lsouopkeing-
ri o r
kind. The total number of baths is 68. The laundries
are on the first'floor; they are at present incomplete, but
will contain accommodation for 100 women, all washing
within distinct partitions. On Monday the baths open
for use. The charge will be :—Second-class, with use
of one towel, comb, brush, and cold water, ld.; hot, 2d.
First-class, with two towels,' &c., cold, 3d. ; hot, 6d.
" CHRISTMAS WAITS."—On Saturday evening a
party of gentlemen having bargained with the railway to
find them wings wherewith to fly to the merry homes of
Christmas, were snugly ensconced together in a carriage
at Brentwood, but after indulging for a time in the warm
flow of the conversation of the season, they found that
instead of speeding along gaily by the mail-train,i the
happy roofs they sought, were as distant as ever, and
they were left alone in the cold hoar frost. The train by
mistake had left carriage and company bodily behind; it
was not till reaching Ingatestone that the loss was dis-
covered, and the engine tripped back for " the waits,"
the music of whose voices would soon have been missed
in many a merry celebration of Christmas eve.—Essex
Standard.
Letters from Zante, of the ~Sth instant, mention
that dried fruits of the present year were declining in
value. Theluantity remaining unsold was .estimated at
little less then three millions of pounds, agaicst about
40,0,000 lbs. in former years., The export :during; the
present
.y,ear
.ia estimated, to, have been 6,600,000 i lbs.
There was little doing in oils, owing to priceabstinfaigh•
A decline was expected, when purchases would most
likely be made. The grain market was firm.

tlitAt ...'WOE:tion

TATITICSALL'S-THIS "EVENING
Six !:‘; . : • • -
o'CLocx.

CHESTER CUP. '
'so.td-1 agst Eagle's Plume
.50 to. 1 agA Great SVRitern.
- .50 VOA. agst_Blucher
• • 50 to 1 apt Geraldine
66 to 1 agst Melody
100 to 1. agst Limestone •
100 to 1 agst Escape
'lOO to 1 agstalr's. Taft
' 'l,OOO to' I'2 tigst Keleshe

t .

DEBBY.
12 to agst Honeycomb
33 to 1 agst Escalade
33 to 1 agst Strongbow
.50 to 1 apt Old Dan Tucker

FRANCE.

In an order of the day, announcing to the troops
the nomination of Marshal Bugeaud to the command
of the army of the, Alps, General Magnan, command-
ing ad interim, said:—
" The sword of the conqueror of Isly, of La Sika, and
of a hundred glorious combats in Catalonia, on the Alps,
and in Africa, will weigh heavily on the destinies of
Italy; and, if ever France, ceasing to: enchain your
ardour and your impatience at the' foot of the Alps,
should order you to ,cross them under the command of
the illustrious Marshal, you would show yourselves in
treading the fields of Italy, which are the witnesses of
immortal glory, the worthy children of the conquerors
of Montenotte, Rivoli,'Areole, and Marengo. 'Until my
wishes and yours shall be satisfied, you will, 84c."
On this the Ilioniteur says—
" With respect to an order of the day published by
General Magnan, the Minister of War reminds all the
Generals that their orders must be confined within the
limits prescribed by the regulations in vigour, and con-
tain no political allusion."
We 'read in the Corsairs:—" Several representa-
tives have given the following anecdote relating to the
review of Sunday. When the Ist Legion of the
Banlieue passed before M. Leuis Napoleon Bonaparte,
it cried out .with considerable unanimity Vive l'Em-
.pereur I M. O. Barrot, who was at the Elysee Na-
tional with the other Ministers, had given orders to
be informed every five minutes of what passed. At
the moment when the dispatch announcing the fact
mentioned above arrived, the head of the Cabinet took
a pen and: sent to General Changarnier a note thus
worded General, if the Imperialist manifestation
continues, inform the President of the Republic that
the Ministry give in their resignation en maw.: But
this was not necessary, as the ery of Vive l'Empereur!
did not became general."
The Courrier du Gard announces that business it
resuming its activity at Romans and Valence, as it
had previously done at Lyons. The franc- ondois
also states that several branches of trade, and particu-
larly that of the watch and cloekmakers, are beginning
to revive. The Echo de Valenciennes also makes a
similar representation as to the manufactories in that
city, and in Lille, Roubaix, and Turcoing ; the linen-
markets of Belgium were also rising in consequence of
large orders from France; the alcohols, sugars, coffees,
leathers, dying materials, and other articles of com-
merce, were under the same impulsion ; the price of
gold was falling, and the bankers were reducing their
rates of discount ; the storehouse for coals, metal-
lurgic. produce, and glass ware, were becoming empty;
in short, articles of mere luxury were alone in a
state of sufferance. The last-mentioned journal adds
that. a great number of the travelling carriages, which
in February, March, May, and June, passed through
Valenciennes on their way into Belgium, are now to
be seen there, returning back to Paris.