The Sun.
London, England, 1848-10-30 00:00:00

111111,
t 11.11,31

LONDON, MONDAY, OCTOBER 30, 1848.

write it, Thukudideis), the destruction of an olive
plant was severely punishable among the Athenians.
Nor was this surprising, when it is remembered that
the olive was said, by one of the most popular myths of
the " violet-cro wn'd city," to have been originally a
gift from the hands of the preaiding goddess of the
Parthenon. To render the incarceration of the un-
fortunate railway labourer at Aylesbury at all
reasonable in our estimation, however, it will be
necessary to show that the turnip was originally
bestowed upon the agriculturists of Buckinghamshire
by some MINERVA of the vegetable kingdom, whose
wrath was dreaded by the magistrates present at the
pet)), session. Seriously, we regard such decisions
as the one to which we are here alluding as a direct
and flagrant violation of the principles of justice; and
we would here hold the incident up to the merited
indignation of the public. Had the gentlemen upon
whom devolved all the judicial responsibilities of the
session taken into their consideration the trivial nature
of the charge, the misrortunes of an industrious
labourer, the instigations of a craving appetite, and
the very fact of the prisoner having been taken while
in the act of eating one of the pilfered vegetables, they
would surely have arrived at a very different con-
clusion—at a conclusion more in accordance
with the generous tone of the criminal
laws of the country. At the ',cast they
would never have dreamt of compelling an un-
fortunate labourer to expiate such an offence by an
imprisonment of twenty-one days' duration in default
of payment of fifteen shillings and sixpence. It is
in consequence of arbitrary proceedings of this cha-
racter that the industrious classes are frequently
estranged from the existing institutions. Poor and
ill-informed men, witnessing such acts of tyranny
inflicted with impunity upon themselves, can never
be brought again to regard the Government under
whose authority they are thus ground into the dust
as a benign or paternal Government. They look
upon each other as justided in setting the cruelties of
the law at defiance, and are ultimately induced to
wink at schemes of insubordination.

A general improvement in railway stock of almost
every denomination has been the result of the clear,
straightforward, and satisfactory statement of the
London and North- Western Railway Company, a
copy of which was contained in The Sun of Saturday.
The complete and decisive refutation of the erroneous
cnlculations and unfounded rumours that had been
circulated has enlightened the public mind as to the
folly and absurdity of giving any credence
to malicious insinuations, put forward by in-
terested parties for their osn vile purposes.
It his proved that " the panic" rested on no sufficient
foundation, and has entirely re-established the con-
fidence which our own exposure of the " sayings and
doings" of the "Bearish" Fraternity, and the admirable
letter of Mr. lleneoei, to which we have repeatedly
alluded, had partially restored. Cautious, h
it l-
headed men, who kept their money lying idle and
unproductive, at a time when they might have
purchased at the cheapest rate, now willingly
invest at prices ten or twenty per cent. higher
than those of the early part of list week.
Their over-prudence caused them to let slip the
golden opportunity, to evoid taking advantage of
circumstances of which "they may never see the like
again." Bargains are, however, still to he obtained.
The present quotations are yet far below the real
value- oflNseeharee,.,and there is every probability
that the:tiae::!ilfibthas at length turned, after ebbing
so long and so continuously-, will in like manner flow
without let or hindrance for a prolonged period. The
reaction is generally proportioned to the violence of
the crisis. When the tide is unusually low, it may
safely be prophesied that it will speedily rise far
beyond the ordinary high water mark. So, in all
probability, the reaction may be most conspicuous in
the shares which have been most widely depreciated
The prices on the chief lines may be said to have
improved from 15 to 20 per cent. during the lay;
week. North-Westerns, which on Monday last
were sold, perhaps we should rather say quoted, at
1 discount, realised 18 premium on Saturday.
Within the same period Great Westerns sprung
from 671. to 81/.; Midlands, from 66 to 78; Eastern
Counties, from to 13i ; York, Newcastle, and
Berwick, from 21 to 26; York and North Midland,
from 42 to 52 ; South-Eastern, from 20 to 23 ;
'London, Brighton and South Coast, from
25 to 28} ; Loielon and South-Western, from
36 to 40 ; Chester and Holyhead, from
Itif to 21k. A similar improvement took place
in almost every other line, so that the " Bears " will
have to provide for heavy claims, more especially if
the stock which they have undertaken to supply
should be demanded at their hands, and the purchasers
should refuse to accept the differences. Such a course
would, indeed, completely turn the tables, and
convince those gentlemen bow dangerous a game
they have been playing. They have al-
ready sustained a most signal defeat. It
will probably be even more decisive, when " the
statement " has circulated throughout the country,
and provincial capitalists send instructions to their
London agents to make ionti fide purchases on their
account. But, although " the snake is scotched, it is
not killed," and those interested in railway property
should spare no exertions to complete the discomfi-
ture, and to destroy the evil influences of their mortal
enemies. This can only be effectually achieved by legis-
lative enactments, such as those to which we have already
adverted, and which will undoubtedly be passed, if the
great interest that has been so unscrupulously assailed,
and which suffered so fearfully thereby, should de-
mand protection from Parliament. Much, however,
may be dine by the parties themselves. If, as was
suggested by an esteemed correspondent, whose let-
ter appeared in The Sun of Saturday, every purchaser
of shares insisted upon the transfer being effected
with all convenient speed, and intimated that if
any unnecessary delay took place he would
consider his order cancelled, and the stock
purchased at the risk of the broker, the
" Bears" would be deprived of their great oppor
tunity. The subterfuges to which they resort in
order to avoid the fulfilment of their contract until
they have had an opportunity of depressing the
market, and inducing timid shareholders to dispose of
their property at any price by their infamous inven
tions and unflinching mendacity, is now unfertunately
but too notorious. A stern and uncompromising
spirit should be exhibited towards them, and the
slightest indulgence should not be afforded
to those unprincipled gamblers who take
upon themselves to sell that which is not
in their actual possession, and who can only
obtain the profits they seek by the injury and de-
preciation of their neighbours' property. They are a
common enemy, and should be dealt with, without
compunction, whenever they fall into the power of
their intended victims. In fact, like the Ishmselites,
" their bands are against every man," and every
mans hand should be directed against them in turn.

Excuses for theft are, without question, calculated
to render society lax in its moral character. And
hence it has always been that the virtues of Lace-
deernon have shone with a spurious lustre amidst the
beautiful sobriety of the Hellenes. When the Spar-
tan youth, hiding the stolen fox under his chlamys,
allowed his vitals to be devoured without a groan
rather than reveal the fact of his larceny, it is impos-
sible not to regard the robber with an admiration
very materially modified by disgust. The incident is
as revolting as that recounted by the Greek histosians
of the Helots being soddened to a state of intoxica-
tion by wine in order to render them
repulsive examples of the effects of drunken-
ness. Wherever, in short, virtue has been incul-
cated through a vicious medium, or vice ennobled by
a feeble colouring cf morality, the effect has in-
variably been to deteriorate the character of those
among whom such noxious principles have been
propagated.
One excuse, however, there unquestionably is for
theft, or rather, we should say, one decided palliation-
It is a palliation, too, such as no moralist whatsoever
will have the hardihood to deny. We mean, of
course, the excuse or palliation of hunger. When a
man dressed with a slang affectation of fashion—his
coat a paletot, his cravat a Joinville-tie, his
hat gossamer, his rings mosaic, his cane Ma ca
steals your purse or your snuff-box while seated next
regard
him in an omnibus, you are certainly prone to
him as more culpable than the unfortunate wretch
who has just been driven unrelieved from the porch of
the workhouse, and has incontinently purloined a
penny loaf from the next baker's. And the
culpabi-
lity of the latter is still further diminished if, in proof
of his destitution, he is found to be devouring the bread
when captured by the policeman ; while the just ma-
gistrate is disposed to mitigate the punishment if the
offender is shown to be no idle vagabond, but an
honest and industrious labourer, thrown out of em-
ployment by illness, by calamity, by stagnation of
trade, or by any one of those countless casualties to
which the poor are at different intervals subjected.
An occurrence of precisely this character will be
found recounted in another part of this evening's im-
pression, in a paragraph relating to the petty see-
:lola of Buckinghamshire. It will be perceived from
this paragraph that a railway labourer, deprived of
work is consequence of the temporary suspension
of the local railway, pulled two growing
turnips in a field belonging to a farmer
of Steeple Claydon. The poor fellow was munching
one of those crude vegetables when taken into cus-
tody on Friday. On Saturday he was tried before
the Buckinghamshire petty session, and—for this
miserable theft of two growing turnips, a theft per-
petrated under the influence of extreme hunger—the
man was sentenced to twenty-one days imprisonment
in the Aylesbury gaol, in default of payment of two
shillings and of thirteen shillings and sixpence ex-
penses! Really one would imagine that the growing
turnips of Steeple Claydon were as precious as
the esculents growing in the magic garden of
ALADDIN. Or, at the least, that there was a pro-
portionate penalty to the idle lopping, or tearing up
by the roots, of a stippling ash. In Attica, according
to rNUCIDIDES (or, as Mr. GROTE and his admirer,
the schoolmaster of Pisiatratus Caxton, would have us

CARRYING OUT THU LAW WITH VEINOBANCII.—
At the Buckingham petty session on Saturday
last, James Robinson, a railway labourer, out
of work from the temporary suspension of the
Buckinghamshire Railway in consequence of the
unfavourable weather,
was committed to Ayles-
bury gaol for twenty-one days in default of payment of
two shillings penalty and thirteen and sixpence expenses
for having, on the previous day, stolen two groe in
turnips from a field in the occupation of Mr. Thomas
Harper, farmer, Steeple Claydon. It appeared he was
taken into custody when coming from the field with the
turnips, one of which he was eating at the time, because,
AS he told the officer, he was so hungry. When searched
ho was found to be without money. He had worked
for a few days in the last few weeks for Mr. Clark, a
sub-contractor on the above railway line. The cause
alleged for pressing the charge was that the prosecutor
had been robbed of turnips to a great extent-
The Observer of Oct. 29 contained—Official State-
ment of the North-Western Railway, two columns, rise
of 151. share—lnsurrection at the Cape: Defeat of the
Boers—Latest from Paris, Vienna, and Italy—The
Drama: Salaries of Performers—Doings of the French
Guards in London—Trial and Conviction of G. B.
Mullins—Money, Funds, and Railway Shares Article—
British Museum:Evidence before the Commissioners—
St. Pancras Vicarage—Marylebone Vestry—Plot of
Haydee—Serpentine No. 2. The extensive publication
of the Observer commences at 5 o'clock on Sunday
morning. A Monday Afternoon Edition of the Observer,
containing the markets and the latest intelligence, is re-
gularly published at 4 o'clock.
SACRED HARMONIC SOCIETY, EXETER HALL.—
The first concert of the season will take place cn Wed-
nes'iay next. The erection of en improved acd enlarged
orchestra, coup'ed with the first appeerance of Mr. Costa
at Exeter Hall as conductor, will add much to the in-
terest of this fedora:since. It being just a year since
the death of Dr. Mendelsshon Barthehly, his last pr at
work, Elijah, has been selected for this the opening
night.

THE FRENCH REPUBLIC.

We have received the French papers of Saturday
and yesterday.
The approaching election fir President occupies
almost exclusively the attention of our Parisian
contemporaries at the present moment. The question
of the candidateship of M. DR LASIARTINE is at
length ret at rest. He will serve if elected. M. DB
Lama's'nem has addressed the following letter on
this subject to the Journal des Debats :
"St. Point, near Macon, Oct. 26.
" Sir,—l read in the Debats an article borrowed
from the Courrier de la Gironde, and beg permission
to correct it. I made the following answer to a cor-
respondent at Bordeaux do not put myself for-
ward as a candidate for the Presidency. I pray to
God and my friends to keep from me a burthen so
mach beyond my strength. But, if the country
should thirk proper to appoint me to this magistracy,
I do not think I have any more right to refuse it
than I thought myself warranted on February 24 to
refuse the designation of the people, and have Paris
without a Gevernment. Ido not believe that lam
in any degree threatened with such a danger, and I
only correct the Courrier de la Gironde in order to
avoid all misunder tending. To solicit the Presi-
dency wool 1 he ridiculous; to desire it would he
rash ; to reuse it would be wan'ing to the Republic
and the couetry. lam devoid of this ambition, but
incapable of such an set of cowardice.
" A.MARTINE.' "
The National Guards of Cluny having gone to the
country seat of M. DE LAMARTINE to congratulate
him on his arrival, he addressed them in a speech,
from which we give the following extract :
" De not believe, citizens, that in responding to the
idea. of your commandant, and speaking to you on
the election of the President of the Republic, I make
the heist allusion to myself. France has hundreds of
citizens; much more capable and worthy than I am
to preside over her sublime but difficult destinies I
repeat to you that I am far from desiring that a
burthen so disproportionate to my powers should
ever he cast upon me. I desire but one title, but one
epitaph on my tomb, when I shall repose in it up 'n
these hills whence I can view the towers of Cluny—
the title of being the founder, with you, of that re-
public of order, security, humanity, and peace, on
which I have, in fact, twenty times risked my life,
and for which I am still ready to risk a thousand
times more than my life--my share in the remem
brsnces of posterity. eitizsns, before we pert
permit me to say a few words en the general
affairs with which your minds are so legitimately
occupied at this moment. Every day since my
return here I have been accoeted, questioned,
and interrogated—' Whit think you of the Republic?
luill i. endure ? Will it become regulated ? 11'ill
it become victorious and calm after the clouds of
doubt, the convulsions which alive) s agitate great and
new-born things in their cradles ? Will it bring
forth the happiness and welfare of a suffering people—
the glory of tke nation, the admiration of Europe ?*
Citizen', this is the answer I give to all, as I have
given to myself 'r.quently when reflecting upon our
futurity. I have sail to my-elf—either the people
will he worthy, or th y will be unworthy, the enjey-
inent of the republieao in.titee ions which we nave
given to them. If they do not comprehend the mean-
ing of the word' republic'—if they confound republic
with revolution in permanence, with agitation with-
out end and olj-•ct—if they confound it with agitati--n
of classes against classes, of the rich against the poor
—if they see a perptual flood of wilful idlers on the
public a's, misusiny, in demonstrations, reclima-
tions, conspiracies against the public pence, that time
and those energies which God has bestowed upon
them to be employed for their families and their
country—if they listen to these blunderers in dates,
confounders of times and sense, these Epithenides
ef 1792, who, like the firs,. Epiaienides, slept for .50
years without being aware of the progress which had
in the meantime been made in society, during their
sleep of half a century, in reason, in knowledge, in
experience of self, in conscience, in patriotism, in
moral and religious feelings—if toasts be given to the
sinister days of 1793, with those posthamous tribunes
of a terrorism which filled every man with dread and
horror—if, with them, outcries be raised for N var
without enemies, violence without pretext, blood with -
out thirst—oh ! then, indeed, the Republic will
and
parish,
false s
patriotism;
t itl:d w dth thfeo
for
scandals drunkennessa are
eonf
t ievilns tdoctrinesinstitutions,
and last only a very short time. Europe and our
children will with blushes call upon us, say ing, Bat
what is this France which has exhausted so many
efforts, so much heroism, so much blood, to conquer
order by the people for the people., and yet did not
know, after having made the conquest, how to
preserve it from the excesses of faction ?—(Ap-
plause.) But, if the people he worthy of the Republic,
as your presence here attests (as the conformity of
your sentiments and mine here and elsewhere certi-
fies); if the Republic is in your eyes only the sove-
reignty of the law, justice, and order; if, instead of
sapping the eternal bases of the state, of family ties,
of property, of morality, and good sense, the people
would join us in raising up on these bases the en-
larged and improved edifice of popular and practical
institutions, which are progressive and profitable to
all—in a word, if the people resembles in its immense
majority, you citizens, who are here applauding these
sentiments because they are yours—if they resemble
those admirable populations of the towns and eoun-
tries whom I have seen for successive days coming to
hail their own ideas of a republic in mine—then,
citizens—yes, then, be assured the Republic will en-
dure, will become regulated, restrained, consolidated ;
for you will be its defenders, and the children of
your children will one day come, as we do both here
and elsewhere, to salute upon these hills one of the
cradles of that revolution, which will become the last
dynasty of the people and the monarchy of reason and
the law !"

The Prase supports the candidateship of Louis
NAPOLEON, and that it would do so was evident for
two reasons; first, the committing the destinies of the
Republic to a man who, according to the Prase of
1841, " has no more intellect than heart, who paraded
like a mountebank at the tournament at Eglintoun,
and displayed every evening his nullity among the
dandies of Drury-lane," who is "not even the chief
of a party, but only the wretched caricature of one"
(thus was Prince Louis Narnuoic designated by M.
EMILE DE GIRARDIN in the Presse of 1811), could not
but be damaging to the cause of the Republic; and
secondly, Prince Louis N APOLEON is the candidate
of the Emperor of RusslA, and M. EMILE DE GIRAR-
DIN has never disguised his desire to see France
Cossack.

The National has the following on the support given
to the cause of Louis NAPOLEON by La Presse:—

SPAIN.

AND

THE 8 (IN, LON DON, MONDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 30, 131.9.

speech of M. Louis Bonaparte in the Assembly, a
very animated discussion took place in one of the
lobbies of the Chamber between the above gentleman
and M. Etienne Arago. The latter was in conver-
sation with M. Jerome Bonaparte when his cousin
joined them. M. Etienne Arago, aldresdng him,
said, 'I have been telling your cousin that our reason
for opposing you is, that, even should you wiela to
remain in th,e pale of Republicanism, you will he
driven by the mass behind you to rorreh towards
monarchy ; for what impels you forward is the igno-
rance of the country people and the Imperial fetish-
ism." But, M. Arago,' replied Louis Bonaparte,
must not attention be paid to the majority ?' And
it is for that reason,' said M. Arago, that I 'would
postpone the election of the President, in order
that the nation may be told that you
have no claim, either personal Cr even borrowed,
to the Presidency of the Republic ; that tha
reflection of the extinguished star will wheh you
seek to light yourself will b- but
repliedda anon arclii al re
flection.' It appears to me,' r
`that I can find in the past life of my uncle same re-
membrances of the Republic.'—' Ah !' saA M.
Arago, 'I understand what you mean. Your uncle
was Consul before he was Emperor. Yes, but that
remembrance is not encouraging for us, for the
Consul coon transformed himself, and the monarchies
have only left in our recollection the idea of Em-
peror. Look at the poor country people on whose
votes you reckon ; they have in their humble cottages
plaster hu.-.ts and coloured prints; but ‘vhern do they
represent ? Is it Bonaparte or Napoleon ? And the
lithographic prints which are now hawked about from
village to village, and from workshop to workshop,
paid for by I know not whom, what period of the life
of your uncle do they represent? Is he shown to
the people as a general of the Rapablic, with the
military costume of the immortal campaigns of Italy?
No; it is with the grey greatcoat of the Emperor and
King ; in a word, it is Napoleon, always Napoleon,
and never Bonaparte. That, stir, is why no sincere
and enlightened Republican iv II vote for you.' M.
Louis Bonaparte turned on his heel and walked away
without saying a word. The above dialogue took
place in a group of at least .50 representatives, the
greater part of whorl expressed their approbation to
E•ienne Arago of what he had said."
The Bill on the transportation of the insurgents of
June to Algeria was, on Friday, taken into consi-
deration by the Committees of the National As-
sembly. The principle of the Bill was at once
adopted as an act of hUrnanity, good policy, and
cecessity. Most of the speakers upon it insisted
upon its necessity, as both moral and political, in
maintaining the severity of the penal laws ; and they
expressed a hope that the convicts may ere bog
become useful members of society, by forming
establishments in Algeria, or by returning into the
mother country. M. Mosraon, the author of the
primitive proposition, called attention to the report
of the Commission instituted by the Minister of
Marine, which states that the Committee could not
find at any point of the globe a locality better cal-
culated then Algeria for insuring health and security.
expense of transporting 4,000 convicts frone
Brest to Algeria was estimated at no more than
500,000 francs, while that of conveying them
to M. idagasear would amount to more than
~r3eonoio,tey onotoi
afr.
RTeha f
jr membersmb have
noofunthce
edati Commission o
spos
ition
to
recommend that all convicts should be transported
into Algeria, which would thus become the general
Penitentiary of France. Bat in this CASP the incur
gents of June would not be min.a;led with the ordi-
nary convicts. 111. MARTIN (StrAsburg), though
supporting the Bill in general, expressed a wish that
some of the insurgents of the departments who had
been seduced into the insurrection, and „hose rela-
tions wished to have them restored to their families,
should be exempted from transportation. A few of
the members belonging to the ultra-democratic party
of the National Assembly, as MM. BUVIGNIER,
GERM UN SARRUT, and others, • declared themselves
to be adverse to the Bill, in the hope of a general
amnesty.

M. Da Moot, the new Sardinian Envoy, presented
his crzdantials to General CAVAIGNAC on Friday.
Toe Moniteur notifies that the certificates of origin
which, Pursuant to the convention of I}w 16th of
September, 1846, with Russia were necessary for the
admission to Russian ports of French merchandise, in
exemption of the surtaxes on ;navigation, cease to he
exacted. Moreover, French vessels sent from the
French ports in the Channel and the Atlantic will
enjoy in Russia the same treatment as nilional ves•
sds, even if they should have stopped at a port on
their way, provided they do not take anything on
board. France, on its part, accords to ll,n3ian yes •
sets reciprocity of these measures, favourable to the
commerce and navigation of the twp uur;rics.

The Moniteur a!so Announces the appointment of
M. RECURT to the Prefecture of the Seine, in the
room of M. TRouvE CuAuvEr..

The National Assembly was engaged on Friday
and Saturday in discussing the details of the mode
in which the election of President of the Republic
shall be conducted, the number of polling places,
&c., matters which are of no interest whatever to an
English reader.

BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK-EXCHANGE, °cr. 28.
Nerthern of Franco, 6141—Paris and Lyons, s—Ditto, ditto,
4% —Rouen and Havre, 71,.

Madrid journals of the 24th have arrived.

All Madrid was startled from its propriety on the
morning of that day by the announcement that NAR-
VAEE had suddenly left the city in the course of the
preceding night. The hangers-on of the Court were
at great pains to impress the public with an idea that
he had only gone on an excursion to Alcala, and
would return shortly. The prevailing opinion, how-
ever, was, that he had set out for Catalonia to take
the command against the Carlists, who are making
great progress in Catalonia and Arrag-m.
On the 22d Senor MONTANES, a Progressista De-
puty, was arrested in the palace, close to the QUEEN'S
bedchamber. He was unarmed, and was evidently
insane. it appears he had arrived from Saragossa,
where he had been under medical treatment for some
time. The unfortunate lunatic was conveyed to the
hospital.

had officially declared that he would consider the
bombardment of Vienna as a cases tell with France.
The English envoy is also sta'ed to have protested
against the seine of Vienna. The Viennese are said
to be in possession of 120 pieces of artillery. The
passenger trains on the Northern Railway were to be
completely suspended on the 22d, and no one was to
be allowed to leave Vienna. Part of the army of
WINDISCHGRATZ had arrived at Florisdorf, where
the inhabitant.; had removed pa of the bridge.
On the 20th the Austrian Diet at Vienna issued
the new proclamation to the people, which we yes-
terday stated it had adopted. In this document it
states " that it had done everythinz in its power to
effect a pacific solution of existing differences, and
had in vain endeavoured to procure the retreat of the
Croatian army." The proclamation then justifies the
arming of the people of the capital by the forcible
disarming by the imperial troops in the environs of
Vienna of the National Guards legally organised, and
the arreat and detention of some Members of the
Diet. The proclamation concludes by an earnest
exhortation to the people to have confidence in the
Diet and abstain from anarchy.
In the sitting of the Diet on the 21q the President
stated that the address to his MAJESTY had been sent
by a courier to Oilinutz, and that the following letter
had been received from the deputation of the Central
Power at Frankfort.
" In announcing their arrival by these presents the
Committee have forwarded their proclamation. They
wish that it may be provisionally published, in order
to their having a welcome, and that hostilities be
suspended.
" The deputation of the Central Power,
" \ITEM( E R.
" MOLKSE."
The Minister stated that, in consequence of 'tha
receipt of the Imperial manifesto, and the letter from
the Plenipotentiaries of the Central Power, it would
be expedient to remain in state quo for the present, and
wait for further overtures.
The journal of the Austrian Lloyd gives detailed
accounts of the state and excitement of Vienna. The
Imperial palace, it was reported, and all the other
public buildings, were filled with gunpowder. They
were to be blown up as soon as the first piece of
artillery should be hoisted against Vienna. It was
also said that the Hungarians, by order of Kossuth,
had fallen back four miles (German), and that they
sent a deputation to Vienna, stating that they merely
intended to reorganise their army, and were ready
to fly to Vienna at the first signal ; but as it was
(o:pected that this appeal would not he marls, by the
present Committee for Public Safety, who are in
dined for peace, Dr. ScuuTTE convoked a popular
'Assembly for the 23d instant, for the purpose of
constituting another committee which should act
with more resolution.
Accounts in the Dor senhalle of the 26th intltant
state, that WINDISCHGRXTZ had notified to the Vien-
' nese, that if they did not surrender by the evening
of the 24th, he would bombard the city on the next
day.

The. Viennese replied, that, if he carried his threat
into execution, they would immediately frang the two
Imperial vnerals who were in thk.ir own hands.
Letters from Vienna of the 21st instant in the
.Tcolnische Zeitoong, state that the conditions laid down
by WINDBORGRATZ fur a peaceful agreement with
th 4 city are—The complete disarmament of those
who have taken arms since the 6th of October, the
dispersion of the Academical Legion, the closing of
the University, and the extradition of Count LATOUR'S

murderers.
A letter from Breslau of th 4 231 says :—" The
Imperial troops are beginning to construct a bridge
at Kloster Newburg. A deputation of students h is
set out for 011mutz with proposals for a mediation."
A letter in the Augsburg Gazette of the 20-h
says :—There is no longer any doubt as to the entry
' of the Itu,sians. The two Hungarian regiments gar-
risoned at Lemberg, which appeared inclined to set
out for Vienna, as well as a regiment of infantry,
which testified sympathy for Vienna, ha•i been de-
' dared in a state of mutiny. The garrison of Lem-
berg is 17,000 men strong."
The account from 011mutz are to the 20th October.
The following is a list of the new Ministry :
Prince SCHWARTZENBEG, Minister of War.
M. CAGETARO MATER, Minister of the Interior.
' M. BRUCE, Commerce and Public Works.
The presmt Ministers, WESSEINRERG, KRAHS, and
BACH, the latter of whom has arrived as a fugitive at
Nuremberg, will retain their portfoliol.
The President of the Diet of the Tyrol and the

MADRID BoLSA, OCT. 23.—Three per Cents.
were done at 18i cash, and were to buyers after
the close ; Five per Cents., 9/ buyers, sellers ;
Coupons, 5 sellers; passive Debt, Ef sellers;
Bank Shares, 40 sellers. Discount on notes, 11
Exchange on London, 48 65,

" We were curious to see what reception the press
would give to the candidateship of M. Louis Bona-
parte. With one exception, and we shall just now
, declare which, the journals show hut little enthusiasm
for the candidate to the Presidentship. The Constitu
tionnel alone embarrasses us, and we do not know in
what category to class it. If we did not fear to be
indiscreet, we should demand from it what it thinks;
but M. Thiers perhaps does not care to speak. No-
thing contrasts more with that excessively prudent
reserve than the Presse. It speaks out, and we look
on it as the decided organ of the imperial candidate.
To set forth M. Bonaparte, the Presse has found a
precious argument. What in its eyes constitutes the AUSTRIA AND HUNGARY.
merit of the Prince is that he will have no other care Our accounts from Vienna are not of a later date
than to last; that he has entered into engagements than the 224 instant.
with no one, that he has no opinion whatever, and 1 The following proclamation from the Hungarian
that in fact he can very well play the part of Victoria,
provided he finds a Lord J. Russell. The
Presse can point him out such a one if necessary, ceavinenpinwgaosfptohsete2doitnh_the streets of that
and you cars understand why the country cannot make " The Hungarian nation has been
a better choice. M. Louis Bonaparte, says the Presse, united
n capitalte (ific :
ro c
et
nh e .
is the future. We are sorry to say it, but its candi- bonds. The constitutional liberty conve.r
dated these bonds. It is our
ast.uar
sanctioned
o.l,tneoerdet hbeybypetohpelemoofnaArcuhs,tria by the nyeetaintiinmtahtee
h and
date has not even that negative valour which it is so days of March by the people of the mon •
proud of. He even has a past life of great gravity •
at Strasburg and Boulogne, he was not satisfied with
The Hungarian
our constitutional and legal liberty.
assuming the dress of the Emperor, he issued procla-
mations ; since then pamphlets have been published declares that it has
.11
come to succour its
with
It is there that his thoughts and sentiments on the 'ustrasre brethren, and that it wi pursue.
ravaging
from Hungary, and which
'We
hascommt
common
ne firmlyduty
_ r_teoc 3 re' n' so.
defendl i-
men and things of that time must be sought for. Let
at this moment
us not speak of the future before having examined its whole power the Croatian army,.
ev,inch has been
are persuaded
the past. Destitute of his title of representative of
that in plains of Austria.
the future, M. Louis Bonaparte_ requires to seek
bl' I ' the interrupted commun ea
another designation. He will not go far ; the Presse a is ling
don • h '
:hreicahtle,n3tc_ and ars
serviceien-ges from
ttot
he Austrialiber tythoef hostileth
~
with the city of Vienna, we shall render the
has e•ery humorously called General Cavaignac the
.e people as well as
incarnation of the National. Wby on his side should
the •n-
Presse 7 We should very well agree to it."
not M. Louis Bonaparte be the incarnation of the
Hun avian army is ready to live and die for i
to„ the dynasty and to the whole monarchy. The
terest of all. Men of Vienna, have confidence in us,
We read in the Siecle— God will never abandon our just cause.
"The day on which the nation shall have spoken, ,
" DIONY'S PAZMANDI, President of
the candidate to whom we do not now consider we
the Hungarian National A.sembly.
tentiary.
can accord our co-operation will be fully invested, in
" MOGA, Commander of the Hungarian
our eyes, with the authority which universal suffrage
Army.
The cou:riSAM BON IS,
alone can confer. On that day, in reserving to our-
" ZAD. CSANY, Commissary Plenipo-
selves the right to judge his conduct, we will not con-
test the legality of his mandate, and, if he should meet
with illegal resistance, we should be with him for the
tentiary.
maintenance of right and of th i laws. It may be that
then he will show himself in a more moderate sphere,
TI Commissary Plenipo-
and with the moderation which belongs to genius, ielPl'vhSol?ll•oSuZghKtir thisr A
worthy of the great name which he bears. We shall pLr,oCcloanT;liantiisosna Commissary."
lass
Diet reported that the Hungarian army was corn-
be sincerely glad of it for our country. But, at pre- posed of 35,000 men, followed by another body of
S, eAnit, sso,he.n the Presse exclaims in an inspired tone— 15,000, of whom 8,000 only were irregulars, that
Louis Napoleon is ravenir ! ' we can only re
Av very animated
oa naizatLeoduis conversation_noN Ap A RT
z,reply they would arrive the same evenine at Fischament,
`Louis Napoleon is rinconnu ! '''
Th ' and would the next morning be at Schwechat and
gives the following account of a s-
immering, where they would be ready to offer a
between . ,TIENNE battle.
Winn the last accounts left the Hungarian army
ABACI() gives a short resume of the objections which
in whichl‘llll. FETIENNE
the sincere Republicans conscientiously entertain to had arrived at Schwechat and Simmering.
the candidateship of Louis BONAPARTE. I In a letter from Vienna, addresed to the Zeitwigs
says the Reforme, "after the
" On Thursday," . Halle of Berlin, it is stated that the French envoy t

Viee.President of the Government of Inn,pru;k have
limed a proclamation, called on the people to rally
round the EMPEROR. The Dig has been convoked
to settle some affairs, and afford support to constitu-
tional liberty and the dynasty.
The Pesth Gazette of the 16th says that a certain
Polish peasant narn-2d SIMONICII (who it is sup-
posed took an active part in the Gallician massacres
last year), has entered Hungary at the head of a
bend of armed peasants. A reward of 100 florins is
offered for the apprehension of Stmosicn, and 20
florins for each member of his band.

GERMANY

The corps of Croats, which had been ineffectually
attacked on the 9th by the National Guard of Oeden•
burg, has been beaten by General MOGA. The
affair took place on the 11th inst. One third of the
enemy was cut to pieces, a second taken prisoner, and
the remainder dispersed.
The Silesian Gazette publishes advices from Vienna
to the 24th, but their authenticity cannot be relied on.
It is as follows
"A traveller, who left the railway station at
Florisdorf, near Vienna, on the 24th October, 1848,
says :
" ' Since last night the city is completely blockaded.
Prince Windischgratz removed his head. quarters,
erif) t
yt to
fourtl e palace
hours
which he had given to the town to capitulate expired,
oonT,hfirsomereSnitnamx
mt
heerB;%l:-
and the town was immediately hemmed in by the
at yesterdayS chonb r ua tn
nn.
troops. The report of heavy guns was heard shortly
after ; the guns of the citizens near the bridges over
the ainubt were discharged at the Imperial troops
to prevent their advance, but the Imperial batteries
replied so vigorously that three guns were soon
dismantled. The first sortie of the Viennese was
Made on the Nussdorf line, but with little result.
It is reported that the ilungarins have attacked Jel-
lacbich's camp.
s alooonn
v one mass
mr
to hrines them,
N uss
d and
in
," At half-past three in the afternoon the two
bridges (the railway and Danube bridge) were
clear;
gh The artillery aiWnrhdthoi ltitletheel re
outside
flagstuwit ssoi stilld e
little whee r
firinge
bridges
lineshoisted
issd upon
the sof
so-called flames
the troops crossed.
,
" A conflagration is also visible in the Wieder;
fub o
Kaiservvasser, a branch of the Danube, were set on
fire at six in the evening, to prevent the advance on
the troops.
" ' A heavy fire is now beard in the Brigitenau.'"
line,
,e, and
td ..
:n

THE NORTHERN STATES.

WINDISCIIGRATZ having declared Vienna in a state
of siege, and proclaimed martial law in the surround•
ing districts, MESSENHAISEN, commander of the Na-

tional Guard, immediately published the following
notice :

Fellow-citizens I—A placard signed Windisch-
gratz appeared for a short time at the comer of the
streets. The Reichstag, true to its duty, has de-
Oared the threatened etate of siege and martial law to
be illegal. We shall see whether Windischgratz and
Wessenberg will obey the dictates of the legal repre-
sentatives of the people. Citizens! All hopes of a
peaceful solution are not at an end; but every inha-
bitant, from old to young, must be on his guard. I
now for the first time commence the most important
portion of my duty, which is to place Vienna in a
state of defence. Follow the example of the brave in-
habitants of Buda Pesth (uffen). Let every sou!—
men, women, and children—labour night and day in
erecting barricades and entrenchments."

The EMPEROR refused to receive the deputation of
Common Council at 01-nutz, but published Count
WESSENBERG'S reply to this deputation, which is as
follows

" The address of the Vienna Common Council has
been laid before his Majesty ; but as it contains re-
quests with which his Majesty cannot comply at the
present moment, I am directed, therefore, that all
further requests respecting the restoration of tran-
quillity at Vienna must be addressed to the Genera-
li:simo of the army, Windischgriizz, who is furnished
with the requisite full powers.

(Signed)

WESSENBERG."

PRUSSIA.

The answer of the KING to the congratulatory
address tf the Burgher Guard presented to him on
his birth day has given great offence. It is as fol-
lows :

" Says Souei, Oct. 17.
"The Burgher Guard of my capital and residence
city of Berlin, during the melancholy occurrences
yesterday, rendered themselves worthy of their re-

putation, of my confidence, and . of the honour which
I conferred upon them when I placed arms in their
hands, during the month of Mat ch, for the protection
of the throne, of our laws, an d of public order. I
commission you, in tiny name to present my thank-
ful acknowledgments to the _tit rglter Guard. I uttej
them with the agreeable sentin lents of hope fulfilled.,
of my confidence being justiti..!d, and of consolatory
hope for the future.
(Signed) " FREDF'4:+I,ICK WILLIAM.
(U.S.) " EICII btLANN."

The phrase in italics was the phrase objected to in
the Biro's verbal reply. A itaeard emanating from
tire Burgherwehr Club has :been posted up, which
runs thus :

" Men of the Capital—'rile following Cabinet
order (countersigned byEichni atm) has been commu-
Licated to the Burgher Guard (then follows the above
C;ibinet, order). The dernovratie Burgher Guard
union d-clares that they are ci lied upon as a point of
honour to reject the proffered thanks contained in this
Council order, as well as the motives on which they
arc grounded. For it is evident that this Cabinet
order is dictated by anti-pope tar sentiments, by senti-
ments not having their roots in our March revolution,
from sentiments which are of a directly opposite
nature, and for which the democratic Burgher Guard
of the capital are resolved to live, labour, and perish."
Berlin was in a state of great excitement on the 24th•

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