The Sun.
London, England, 1848-11-25 00:00:00

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General CEriumiuntu, General nemAtr, M. DX
FALLoni, and upwards of 600 Members of the Mo-
tional Assembly, have declared in favour of the can-
didateship of General CAVAIGNAC for the Presidency
of the Republic.
The attitude assumed by the clubs occasions, it is
said, considerable alarm. They are rapidly reorga,-
Rising, they hold meetings every night, which are
numerously attended, and the members are well sup-
plied with arms.
At the sitting of the Chamber yesterday, M. ‘junts
-PAYNE Made his promised attack on the Ministry, for
'endue interference in the electirs, and never was
1 • -,re a more complete discovery of a " mare's nest."
' ttheLnait),on,e. fact or circumstance did he bring forward
Not
p: cleditnculfahte any one of the Ministers. He
great eloquence by Al. DUFAURE
AMORICIEIZE, after which the sitting
wanads
brye
going on to induce both LEDRIT
was suspended. . ,
Gem_4Vl't
Negotiations-are
to the
IL to resign their pretensions
,Republic in favour of the
Abbe LAMENNAIS,
Presidencyancl 'j .RoAr the-
BOURSE—PARIS, FRIDAY, NOTE3I. 24.
THREE o'CLoon.—The ..'Ell
e Funds have remaihsed pretty
Erin to-day, with a slight tendency to a rise. 3.;• seems
c letermined that they shall not go down, and the." lioars"
are consequently frightened, The consequence is,
t; tat the Three per Cents. closed higher for
ci tsh than for the end of the month. The
s 3 .stem of discounting continues. Yesterday 70,000*.f.
-,1; entes Five per Cent. were discounted, and to-day air
e qual sum. This system of bolstering the market may do
for a time, but ultimately it must fail. The object at
F ,resent is evidently to keep up the prices till after the
p lyment of the instalment on the Loan. For the Aco-
ot mut, the French Three per Cents. have advanced 5c.;
vi'.e Five per Cents. have declined 5c.; the Loan re-
w ains at the same price as yesterday. For Money, the
'1 'hree per Cents. have risen 50c.; the Five per Cents.
t. 5c.; and the Loan, 15c.; Bons du Tresor not quoted;
Dank of France Shares have advanced sf. ; 8e1.3:,
.3:, inn Bank Shares not quoted ; ditto Five per-
cents. have advanced i per cent.; Spanish Active not
vuoted; ditto ,Three per Cents. are unchanged; ditto
E 'assive not quoted; Roman are the same as yesterday;
Rothschild's Receipts not quoted. Exchange on Lon-
d on (30 days), 25 50; ditto (90 days), 25 371. Railway
y hares have also improved ; Orleans have risen 7f. 50c.;
li ,avrea, 5f.; Vierzons, 2' 50c.; Northerns, lf. 25c.•
I'Marseilles have fallen 2f. 50c.; Rouen; Strasburgs, and
1 Tantes remain at the prices of yesterday.

ki..-..m. Irv,

EP RICE tSD,

USINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK-EXCHANGE, Nov. 24.
The only sale was—Luxembourg (1M), 1%.

SPAIN.
,
Madrid journals of the 19th have been received.
_ __

The Ga-ceta publishes the decree convoking the
C 'ortes for the 15th. December.
It also publishes the following mockery of a decree
o. f amnesty

"Desiring to exercise my royal clemency on all those
Lriminals whose offences, from their little gravity, easily
Ilford room for repentance and amendment; attending
t ',() the reasons exposed to me by my Minister of Grace
3.nd Justice, in conformity with the report of my Coun-
c•il of Ministers, I hereby decree as follows:
" Art. I. I grant a general pardon to all criminals
vlvhere the trials are over or pending, whose offences may
11( )t have merited, or do not merit, more than one year of
r esidio, arrest, imprisonment, or confinement, for cora-
lon offences, or two for political causes.
"Art. 2. From this pardon are excepted—
' "I. Those who had already suffered another condeuz.
xlation for any kind of offence.

" 2. Those who have repeated their offence, though
th, "ugh they should not have yet been tried for
• 3. Those who, having their trials pending, or already
oyer, should have fled from prison or presidio,
4. Those condemned for rebellion.
cc 5, Those whose trials being over, have any other
pr ocess or processes pending.
" 6. These who may be subject to the decision of the
trllbunals for. two or more causes pending.
" 7. Those who, being in prison or presidio, should
have given motil'e for greater chastisement than simple
re prehension. _ _

;i 8. The cases of forgery and others excluded from
Om: other general amnesties.

'This decree will benefit certain minor criminals;
bu t the exceptions are so numerous, that, as regards
pet sons accused of criminal offences, it will be a
more nullity.
The Duke and Duchess of MONTRENSIIi have ar-
rived at Cadiz.
~."here was no Bolsa.

A. FEW WORDS ON THE YORK,
NEWCASTLE, AND BERWICK RAILWAY
STATEMENT.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

SIR,—So numerous are the statements of railway
companies, and the avidity shown to usher them be-
fore the public, that it cannot be much matter of
surprise that they are viewed with some degree of
jealousy, emanating as they do from those whose
tenure of office, from the difficulty attendant in the
choice of new directors, may be considered Qs a fixity.
Bes'.ides, more ample statements of accounts hive long
been as;:ed for by both shareholders and the press,
and not until the managers of railway properly found
it depreciated, so as to threaten its very ex-
istence, have they thought it requisite to give
the public Any comprehensible statement of
their affairs. It is not my intention to
occupy much of tour valuable columns, but scme
part of the York, Newcastle, &c., statement
has struck me as containing assumptions not verified
by previous facts, that if you have space you wilt
oblige me by inserting my observations. The earn-
ings of the line now open is stated to be 720,0001. per
annum ; and supposing the same ration to be upheld
when the whole line—say 330 miles—is being worked,
it will amount to 880,0001. per annum. The com-
pany take it at 1,040,0001, or 160,0001. more than
they are now proportionately earning. This is a eery
heavy increase when the competition by the western
lines is considered. Next, Sir, the working expences.
I find the expenditure for the last four half years of
the Newcastle and Berwick, and under its other
cognomen since its connexion with the Great North
of England, has been about 255,000/., upon an
earning of less than 645,0001., making aboub
39 per cent. for expenses—some deductions
from this may probably be made, but to the extent
assumed by the company is almost impossible, and it
is somewhat remarkable that although so enormous a
reduction in working expenses is taken credit for, no
explanation is afforded to the wondering public.
Notwithstanding the unassailableness of their pro-
perty the directors think it highly expedient to
possess a further interest in railways, as they
acknowledge they have competing companies for the
far north traffic at least.

Perhaps the Leeds and Thirsk Railway may be
too trifling an undertaking to be considered as inter-
fering with the York and Newcastle lines, but there
are men in Leeds who think it will do so a little.

I am, yours, truly,
B. E•

Nov. 24, 1848.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

Sta,—Now that the directors of the above railway
have issued their financial statement, the public are
placed in a position to judge accurately of each de-
scription of shares.
But several of my friends are still under raisap-
prehension as to the relative value of the preference
shares and the extensions ; and as some of your
readers may also be in this position, I shall be obliged
by your inserting these few lines.
The preference shares are guaranteed 6 per cent.
till 1850, when they rate for dividend the same as the
old stock, whether it be 7, or 8, or 9 per cent. ; the
extension shares now take dividend on the entire
amount paid precisely the same as the old stock ; so
the latter are of greater value than the preference,
though many of the public are not aware of this—as
the share lists prove. 1,0001. bought in extensions
receives exactly the same dividend as 1,0001. laid out
in stock.

Amidst the wreck of too many railway properties,
it will be satisfactory to the shareholders in this line
to know that the directors, even in these bad times,
show their capability of paying 7 per cent., and hav-
ing an annual surplus of 76,0001.
I am, Sir, your obedient servant,
Liverpool, Nov. 23, 1848. Z.

DEATH OF THE DUCHESS OF MANCHESTEN.—WO
regret to announce the death of the Duchess of Man-
chester, who expired on Tuesday. last at liimbolton
Castle, the ancestral seat in Huntingdonshire, after is
lingering illness. The Duke and his family, consisting
of Viscount Mandeville, Lords Robert and Frederick
Montague and Lady Olivia, and the venerable mother
of the deceased Duchess, the Lady Olivia Bernard Spar-
row, were present at the dissolution of the Duchess, an
event which had for some weeks past been looked for-
ward to. The late Duchess was born in 1798, and mil--
ried Bth Oct., 1822, the Duke of Manchester (then Vis-
count Mandeville), by whom she leaves issue three sons
and a daughter._

DEATH or GENERAL P. HERON.—We 'have to
record the decease of the above veteran field dicer,
which took place a few days since, at his residence It
Moor, near Warrington, in the 78th year of his age.
The gallant deceased, who had seen o rnsiderable service,
entered the army as far back as 1790, and was, conse-
quently, one of the senior generals on the list. His com-
missions bore date as follows:—Lieutenant, Sept. 2, 1793;
Captain, Feb. 13, 1794; Major, Aug. 12, 1694; Lieu-
tenant• Colonel, Sept. 28, 1794; Colonel, Jan. 1, 1800;
Major-General, April 25, 1808; Lieutenant-General,
June, 1, 1813; and General, July 22, 1830.
FATAL ACCIDENT.—Last evening, about five
o'clock, as a fine boy, named John M'Mullen, six years
of age, whose parents reside at No. 8, Willow-gardens,
Tabernacle-square, was crossing the road in Tabernacle-
row, Finsbury, he suddenly stooped down to pink up a
piece of stick, and whilst in the act of doing so the wheels
of a cart, belonging to a Mr. George Bothwell, passed
over him, and so crushed the unfortunate little sufferer's
head, that the blood issued in torrents out of his mouth,
nose, ears, &c., and on his being conveyed to the shop of
Mr. Morgan, druggist, 48, Old-street-road, life was
found to be extinct. It does not appear that any blame.
is w be attached to the driTert