The Sun.
London, England, 1848-05-29 00:00:00

Ys EVENING, MA Y 29, 1813.

their solemn obligations— had they suffered any feel-
ings of misplaced sympathy or morbid sensibilities to
have biased their judgment, they would indeed have
had much to answer for, and thousands and tens of
thousands of destitute w idow s and starving orphans
would have had to lament their fatal dereliction of
duty. But such is happily not the case. They have
restored the character of Irish juries, which had been
so deeply tarnished during the late State prosecutions.
They have nobly discharged the duties they owed to
their country—and, undeterred by the system of
terror and intimidation that was resorted to—un-
swayed by any sinister influence, they have returned
an honest and a conscientious verdict, in strict ac-
cordance with the evidence produced before them.
Where now are the promises that were held out to
the family of the wretched man ? Where are the
hopes by which he was sustained during his whole
career ? There can be no doubt that he persisted to
the very last in believing that a jury could not he
found to convict him, or that if a verdict of guilty
was returned, his sentence would be the signal for a
general insurrection throughout the entire country,
that he would be forcibly rescued from any punish-
ment to which he might he condemned. How frivo-
lous were those expectations—how vain these hopes.
The "Doctor Doyle" Club have been found
wanting. Ile has been convicted, but he
has not been restored to liberty or to his
disconsolate family. The marchings and coun-
termarchings of. the Confederates have been but
vague and unmeaning demonstrations. The cheers
before Newgate, but so much empty air. He has
been already removed from the prison, and embarked
on board a Government steamer for the convict
depot at Spike Island, there to await the sailing of
the next transport, and yet no effort was made for
his release—no attempt to liberate him from his
chains. Nothing more occurred than usually happens
on the departure of an ordinary prisoner. It is not
in triumph over the unhappy man that we give ex-
pression to these sentiments, it is not in exultation
for his melancholy doom. Gladly would we see him
relieved from every personal suffering if it could be
so with safety to the nation. But it is necessary to
show the agitators who have entered on a similar
course to that for which he is suffering,
who fancy that they may imitate his conduct,
but that they may possibly be preserved
from a like termination, the utter absurdity of
the supposition, and, if possible, before it is yet too
late, warn them back from the hazardous pathway
on which they have entered. The of jest of the law,
in condemning criminals, is, we have been told by
one of the most eloquent and philosophical of those
profound and learned men who have enlightened the
world with their wisdom,
" Ut pcsaa in paucos perveniat, metus in omnes."
If the punishment could be averted from the
single one, without also dissipating the salu-
tary fear that must be forcibly impressed on the minds
of the multitude, none would rejoice more fervently
than ourselves, notwithstanding the mischief he has
occasioned; but an example was necessary to the
salvation of the entire kingdom; and the
Irish Government have, in the promptitude
and decision with which they have vindicated
the majesty of the law, and put its sentence against
the prisoner into execution, gained for them-
selves the approbation of every well-disposed and
loyal citizen of the British empire.
The calumnies that had been uttered against the
law officers of the Crown, the vile insinuation that
they had packed, or rather procured the packing of
a jury for the purpose of obtaining a conviction--
a charge which we regret to see was again put for-
ward by the prisoner even after the verdict had been
recorded—were all Droved utterly groundless. As
we predicted, the matter was brought to the most
conclusive and satisfactory test. The array was
challenged, and the Crown, in place of demurring
to that challenge, most fairly joined issue on the
facts, alleging " that the panel had been properly
arrayed by the High Sheriff."
The testimony adduced on behalf of the prisoner
most signally failed in establishing any partiality or
undue interference. The first witness, Mr. PETER
CASSERLY, an attorney, who has been in the habit of
practising in the Court, and was well acquainted with
the general class of jurors returned for the ttial of
criminals, deposed that the only difference was that
the jurors on the present occasion were rather more
respectable than those generally summoned, that he
did not thereby mean a more aristocratic class, but
that it was the only difference he perceived. It was
not, however, merely the absence of all proof in
support of the challenge that justified the law
officers. Nothing could be more explicit or con-
clusive than the evidence of the High Sheriff;
that gentleman proved " that the panel was all
prepared by himself on one occasion—that he merely
asked the position in life of the parties on the list—
and that at the time he prepared those panels he was
unaware of the religion or politics of the parties, nor
did he recollect any one saying anything of
their religion or politics." After this, we trust
that those vile insinuations may be altogether aban-
doned. The Attorney-General also, in the course of
his most powerful address, fully and completely vin-
dicated himself from the charge that be had insulted
the members of his own religion by directing Roman
Catholics to be excluded from the jury.

THE FRENCH REPUBLIC.

THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY.
We have received the Paris papers of Saturday
and Sunday.
The Journal de,s Debuts, the Presse, and the other
organs of the ex-dynasty are furious against the Na-
tional Assembly for having passed the decree of ba-
nishment against tile Orleans family. The Biome,
on the contrary, considers that the Assembly would
have failed in its duty had it neglected to banish a
" dynasty twenty times perjured, and which confis-
cated law, liberty, honour—a dynasty which made of
electoral France a paddock of cattle, and of labouring
France a bagne —.the dynasty of shame, in short;"
while the Notional thus coolly and unanswerably
places the question upon its proper basis. It says—
,. with respect to the falen dynasty the Republic can
have no other sentiments than the most profound disdain
for the King, who, charged by imprudent men with the
direction of France, sacrificed the fortune, dignity, and
honour of his country to his own interest; the most
profound indifference for the Princes, who were together
the fruits of this policy. But why, then, have a decree
of banishment? The reasons are so evident that there
is not a man of good faith who does not accept them.
The prejudices which the revolution of February has
not entirely destroyed, and the mad passions
which still exist, must not be allowed a fatal ali-
ment, and opportunities for being led away. Now such
would certainly be, to some persons easy to mislead, the
consequence of the presence of any member of the ex-
dynasty. There are people who keep an eutrepot of
intrigues and hopes for all emigrations, and all fallen
royalties. Such a branch of industry must not be
favoured. It would be a crime not to prevent the most
distant and most improbable eventuality of the effusion
of blood, or of any perturbation whatever in society.
By the decree of banishment it is not pretended to in-
flict a penalty, but simply to take a measure of police.
Persons are not proscribed—but the causes of conflict
are. And let us be permitted to say all our opinion.
It was right to fix no term to the exile, because, caused
by the necessities of the present, and not by a sentiment
of vengeance of France, other circumstances can only
abridge it. But when there shall be no more incon-
venience in certain measures, which would now be a
danger, not for the Republic, but for the blind passions
which must be protected against themselves, the mag-
nanimity of the French nation may undo what its
prudence has done."
After the division on the decree of banishmen
against Louis PuiLiPrE and his family, two mea.

sures of considerable importance were presented to
the National Assembly. The first was by the Alinis-

,er of Finance for securing an uniform rate of postage,

It is as follows :

"Art. 1. From Ist Jan. 1849, the rate of postage for
a single letter throughout the whole of France is fixed at
20 centimes.
" Art. 2. The weight of a single letter is inert ased to
10 grammes.
"Art. 3. The Post-office is authorised to carry as let-
ters sealed packets of papers of the weight of from 10
to 125 grammes. These packets shall be charged at a
fixed rate of IE, to whatever part of France they may
be sent."

The Bill was referred to the Committee of Finance.
The second, presented by M. CREMIEUS. the Mi-
nister of Justice, was for the re-establishment of the
law of divorce. The following is the text of the pro-
posed; measure _

- /
" Art. 1. The law of Bth May, 1916. is abrogated. in
corvegaence, the provisions of chapter 6, book 1, of the,
Civil Code, come again int., force from the date of tae
promulgation of the present law. .
" Art. 2. Art. 310 of the Code is modified as

follows:—` All judgments for 'separations de corps'
become definitive within three years at the least shall be
changed into judgment of divorce, on the for mai demand
of one of the parties. The judgment which pronounces
the divorce shall he given publicly. A party condemned
for adultery cannot be admitted to claim a divorce."
This Bill, being considered one of great import-
ance, was referred for examination to the bureaux.
The Assembly then, after a slight discussion,
adopted the Bill organizing the councils of przur
homilies for settling disputes between employers and
employed.
The Bill presents the particularity, that it pro-
poses to admit workmen into the councils, whereas
previously those bodies had been composed of em-
ployers only. The articles declare that the number
of workmen shall be equal to that of the muster.
They shall be elected by ballot, out of lists which
had also been balloted for, but four times more nu-
merous than would be required for each council
No one can be elected unless he is twenty-one years
of age, and residing for at least six months within
the district. Foreigners, uncertificated bankrupts,
or persons condemned to afflictive penalties, cannot
form part of the council. All persons paying patgnte
for more than a year, and employing more than one
workmen are to be considered masters. The Presi•
dent shall be named for a year. The Council shall
meet at least twice in every month.
BLANQUI was arrested on Friday evening at No.
14, Rue tlontholon.
" This arrest," says the Moniteur, " will be at-
tended with excellent results. Good citizens will
feel re-assured by magistrates prosecuting and pu-
nishing the guilty, and seditious persons will under-
stand that they must renounce projects which will be
soon defeated. The Government should have credit
given it for showing so much solicitude in calming
the fears of the public mind."
We find the following in the Commerce:—
"It appears that a banquet is about to be given in
honour or MM. Albert, I3arkii, and tutti quanti. if we
are rightly informed, this banquet was decided upon on
Thursday evening, at a meeting of Enrages. It is to
take place at St. Mane-e, not far from the tort of Vin-
cennes. The tickets are to be 25c. (5 sous) each, and
the guests are to content themselves with wine, bread,
and cheese. The getters up of this manifestation reckon
upon a gathering of about 150,000 guests. As we have
au implicit faith in liberty, we recommend the Executive
power not to interfere in any way with this meeting.
Let tke friends of Messrs. Barbes and Co. refrain from
obstructing the public a aye, let them dine as frugally as
they 'Aetna., let them return peaceably to their homes,
and they will have nothing to answer for but to common
sense and consistency. We doubt, until we have proof
to the contrary, whether 150,000 citizens can be suffi-
ciently blir;d not to comprehend hew blameable it is to
propose a fete in honour of men who wished to usurp
t'le sovereignty of the people, arid who have forgotten
that the power of the National Assembly, constituted
by the suffrages of the entire peop:e of France, is as
legitimate as any power can be."
We read in the Presse—
" About 200 representatives of the people met on
Thursday evening in the Galerie de la Chapelle of
the Palais National, to deliberate on a proposed fusion
of the Club des Pyramides. presided over by M. Job',
with the club presided over by M. Dupant l'Eure.
The first consists of about 130 members forming the
Montagne, the second of about 80 members of decided
democratic opinions, hut in favour of moderation. The
programme presented at the meeting may be thus
summed up:—Organization of the democratic repub;ic
and application of that politicd form as the organizing
instrument of all institutions compatible with re,pect
for social relations and property. The meeting almost
unanimously adopted the principle and objects of the
programme, and decided that it should henceforth form
only one club, under the presidency of M. A. Marrast.
The club will decide on the questions to be submitted
to the National Assembly, and the order to be followed
in the debates. It is said that it will also soon propose
a list of four members for the Commission of Executive
Government. such being a condition of the fusion of the
two clubs. There is a third club, consist:ing of about
200 representatives, which meets in the Ecole de Me-
decine. It is believed that it will give in its adhesion
to the programme adopted by the ultra-democratic
meeting."
The Afoaiteur publishes a decree for the organiza•
tion of the Council of the Admiralty. It is to be
composed of eleven members, among whom we find
the names of Admirals HunioN, DE LA SussE, and
HAMELIN, and M. CHARLES DUNN, Inspector-
General of the Naval Engineers. The Minister of
the Marine will act as President, and the functions of
Vice-President will fall upon the senior officer in
rank. The members of the Council will have the
initiative in all propositions relative to the general
and special service of the marine and colonies, and
which will be afterwards brought under the discus
aion of the Council, on a majority of that body de
ciding that the proposition is worthy of being so dis
cussed.

M. SAIN DE BOIS-LE.COMTE has been appointed
Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
to the Court of Sardinia. This is not M. BOIS-LE..
COMTE who was the Ambassador of Louis PHILIPPE
in Switzerland.
It is stated, says the Conwtitutionnel, that the Exe-
cutive Committee has given up the idea of making a
Cabinet question of the adoption of the entire project
on their relations with the Assembly ; it accepts the
modifications proposed on the article respecting the
persons to be charged with the guard of the As-
sembly.
The Presse says—
" The Committee charged to examine the constitution
labours actively, its sittings sometimes being prolonged
to a late hour in the night. If we may believe what bas
transpired of its deliberations in the Salle de Confer-
ences, the Committee has formally resolved the funda-
mental question that there shall be only one President,
to be noroiriated for three years, by direct universal
suffrage in each commune. This democratic election is
also, it is said, to be applied to the CoLseils-Gteraux
of departments, to the juges de paix, and the officers of
the National Guard; such elections being renewed every
three years. There is, it is added, to be only One Legis-
lative Chamber; but a Conseil d'Etat is to be instituted,
in part or wholly elective, to be charged to draw up all
the prctjets de ceeret Of the Republic. The Committee
has commenced the discussion on the question of the
magistracy."
The Committee of Public Works has appointed
MM. BILLAUDEL, EMILE MARTIN, EMERY, BRUNET,
and LEFRANC, to draw up their report on the Minis-
terial project of law for the repurchase of railroads
by the State.
The Akbar of Algiers announces that M. THEIRS
has consented to hecome a candidate for the repre-
sentation of Algeria, in the room of M. LEDRU
ROLLIN, who made his option to sit in the National
Assembly for the department of the Seine.
A petition has been presented to the National As-
sembly by about 3,000 of the persons wounded in the
Revolution of February, praying for an equitable
distribution of the sums subscribed for their use, and
complaining that many of them, on receiving small
sums from the parties charged with the distribution
of these funds, had been compelled to sign receipts
in full discharge of all their claims, whilst others,
equally necessitous, have not yet received anything.
It will be recollected that M. ALBERT was President
of the Committee for the distribution of these funds.
The banking-house of DELESSERT and Co. is
winding up its affairs, and a liquidator has been ap-
pointed.

- At four o'clock on Saturday the rappel was beaten,
and the National Guard and Garde Mobile turned
out. A considerable force was posted in the neigh-
bourhood of the Assembly for its protection, and the
whole of Paris was on the alert. It appears that an
outbreak of the ouvriers employed, or more properly
speaking, paid for doing nothing in the ateliers
Patiolumr, was apprehended on account of the re-
moval of EMILE THOMAS from the post of director of
the ateliers, and of the announced determination of
the Government to send several of the persons main-
tained there back to their respective departments to
be there employed in agricultural and other repro-
ductive labour.

' The Messager of Friday evening gives the follow-
ing account of the removal of M. EMILE THOMAS:—
" M. Emile Thomas, director of the ateliers nationaux,
was arrested last evening. He has, it is said, been sent
off to Bordeaux in the custody of two gendarmes. It
appears that he was called yesterday evening to the
Hotel de Ville, where ho remained a portion of the
night. This morning he was sent off in a post-chaise
with two unknown persons on the road to Bordeaux.
His handy, anxious on account of his absence, was in-
forrnud that he was sent on an urgent mission. The
young men who firmed the staff of the ateliers nationaux
resigned their offices on hearing of the arrest of M.
ThoLlas, but they have since resumed them."
This removal of M. EMILE THOMAS gave great
dissatisfaction to the ouvriers, who immediately as-
sembled in the Parc do Monceaux and in the Champ
de Mars, and made a serious threat on the Fart of that
formidable body (they are upwards of 100,000 in
number) to march upon the Hotel de Ville, the Hall
of the Assembly, or the Luxembourg, to demand sa-
tisfaction, and rescue their director. M. THELAT,
the Minister of Public Works, went yesterday to the
Parc de Monceaux, to endeavour to tranquillize the
people. He denied that M. THOMAS had been ar-

rested, and declared that he was sent on a secret
mission, which, as he was not empowered by the Go-
vernment, he could not explain.
The illoniteur contains a decree of the Minisb r
of Public Works, instituting a Committee of the
National Workshops, and appointing M. LEON
LALANNE director of those establishments, in the
room of M. EMILE THOMAS, who had left on a mis •
sion for Borde.::.ux.
Paris was quite quiet on Saturday night, and
yesterday tranquilli:y remained undisturbed, al-
though an address was posted on the walls of Paris
on Sunday morning, calling on the operatives em-
ployed in the national workshops to proceed at two
o'c!ock on that day to sign a petition to the Execu-
tive Government, praying that M. EMILB THOMAS
he not removed from their direction without speci-
fying the cause; and that if he has been accused of
any crime he should be brought to trial and convicted
before he be deemed guilty.
N. MIGNET, the historian, has been di.missed from
the office he held in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs,
for writing a letter which has been pub fished in the
Italian papers, recommending the Lombards and
Venetians to choose CHARLES ALBERT as their King.
The olki club of BAanEs has been reconstituted.
N. BARBES and N. RAISANT, though in confine-
ment, will he appointed honorary President and
Vice-President; N. LAMIEUSSENS is to to the Pre.
sident.

M. TEELAT, the Minister of Public Works, has
issued the following proclamation :
" NOTICE TO THE WORKMEN OF THE ATELIERS

NATIONA UX.

" The Government is occupied in preparing for tLe
re-organiz ition of the national workshops measures
; which have become absolutely necessary. Errors which
arc prejudicial to the interests of the state, as to those
of the true labourers, were committed in the midst of
the hurry with which the first brigades were obliged
to be formed. The consequence was that many
possessed of private resources were admitted to the
benefits of the inscription, while others caused
themselves to he inscribed several times under
false names, and thus succeeded in obtaining the
wages of several. The pines due to deserving
workmen has thus been frequently occupied
without any real right, and even by fraunulent means.
It is to be feared that expenses abused in this manner
are too heavy to permit the state to continue, as she has,
the firm intention to assure work to the labouring popu-
lation. Under such circumstances it becomes necessary
to proceed to a new enrolment. Far from throwing any
ebstaele in the way of such a measure, all true workmen
should lend it their support, for it is a just ore, and be-
cause, far from attacking any of their rights or their
position, it is more especially for their own interest. The
Government will not have appealed in vain to their senti-
ments of honour and of loyalty. It counts upon them,
as they may rely upon it.
(Signed) " TI I ELAT,
•"l'he Minister of Public Works."
Prince Louis NaroLEoN has addressed a letter to
the National Assembly, in which he states that hav-
ing heard that there was a proposition made in the
Committees of the Assembly, that he of all the
Bonaparte family should be banished from France,
he thinks it necessary to declare, that although he put
forward pretensions of a different kind as long as
Louts PHILIPPE was upon the throne, now that the
Republic is established, all he asks are his rights as a
simple citizen.
M. Acimu romp,: the bankurl and :7M. HYP-
POLITE PASSY, once a Minister under Louis Piii-
rareE, have declared themselves as candidates for the
representation of Paris. Both candidates may be con-
sidered as reactionists. They have not the decent hypo-
crisy even to profess allegiance to the Republic, but in
their addresses preserve a silence, which is in such a
case more eloquent than words. The reactionnaires
are IA cornii,g every day more and more bold, and it
is from them rather than from the communists that
danger is now to be apprehended.
The National Assembly met on Saturday, at half-past
twelve.

The rep art of the Committee on M. Billault's propo-
sition to prevent tumultuous assemblage within a dis-
tance of 1,200 metres of the National Assembly was
presented. It recommends the adoption of the measure.
The Bill relative to the establishment of Councils of
Prud 'Hommes throughout the whole extent of the Re-
public, and which had been discussed the preceding day,
was adopted without a dissentient voice.
M. Leon Faucher developed his proposition, de-
manding that a credit of ten millions should be
opened tor the purpose of executing new earthworks
on several railway lines. The Honourable Member
dwelt on the immense sums at present paid in Paris
for doing absolutely nothing, at an expense of not
less than seventy-two millions a year, and argued that
to keep a vast number of men thus collected together,
without any real employment, was most dangerous to
the public peace at present, and was sure to produce
hereafter the most disastrous effects on the morals and
industrious habits of the population, Men supported
thus in idleness, were, he said, peculiarly open to invi-
tations to disorder from persons wishing to produce
anarchy in the country; and, in addition, a continuance
in such a condition would sown snap the bonds which
bound man to his family and to the state. To remove
these men to the various railways which required works
to be executed, would be serviceable to the state, at the
Caine time that it would tend to raise the morale of the
men employed.—Ordered to be taken into consideration
and referred to the standing Committees on labour,
public works, and finance.
M. Montreuil developed his proposition, demanding
300 millions, to be applied at the rate of 30 millions a
year, to clearing waste lands in Algeria. The mode of
raising this sum, the Hon. Member said, would be by a
loan, which the unanimous joy manifested in France at
the establishment of the Republic would render it an
easy matter to raise. He concluded by proposing to
refer the proposition to the Committee on labour, agrie
culture, and finance.
Me Beaumont (de la Somme) considered that, how.
ever useful might be the views of the Hon. Deputy,
they were not capable of being carried into execution at
present. The Government was, no doubt, well enough
inclined to encourage every plan likely to give employ-
ment to the working classes, but the wants of the
motherecountry claimed its attention first, and when
these had been satisfied something could be done for
Algeria. But, independently of the other reasons
which might be brought forward against the proposi-
tion, the tact of 300 millions being demanded would be
quite sufficient to prevent the propwition being enter-
tained. He thought the matter ought to be referred to
the Minister of War.
M. Flocon, Minister of Commerce and Agriculture,
took that opportunity of informing the Assembly that the
department over which he presided had been busily en-
gaged in studying the question of reclaiming waste land,,
in France, and in a few days a measure should be pre-
sented on that subject. With respect to the proposition
now before the House, he had no opposition to make to
its being referred to the Committee on Agriculture,
General Cavaignac, Minister sit War, thought it would
be as well to give the population of Algeria a mark of
the interest which the Assembly took iii the welfare of
the colony. He, therefore, should support the sugges.
tion to have the matter also referred to the Committee
on War; he thought it would be better to substitute that
on Algeria.
The Assembly decided that the proposition should be
taken into consideration, and that it should be referred
to the Committees on Agriculture, Finance, and Algeria.
General Clement Thomas developed his proposition
tending to except from the law interdicting in the army
any person to receive at the same time a pension and
pay for active service. The majors, adjutantemejors,
drumemajors, and drummers of the National Guard
were in general old officers and soldiers on half-pay,
who bud been appointed to their new situations, from
being the best able to fulfil the duties thereof from their
having had the necessary experience. The emoluments
were very moderate, and he considered that no objection
could well be made to his demand.—Ordered to be takes
into consideration and referred to the Committee on the
Interior.
M. Pietry presented a proposition, declaring that the
Bill of 1832, banishing the Bonaparte family from the
soil of France should be abrogated.—(Hear, hear.) The
proposition was signed by a great number of members.
—To be developed on a future day.
M. Koenig presented a proposition for an improved
manner of admitting substitutes in the army.—To be
developed on some future day.
Colonel Rey brought forward a proposition tending to
replace the effigy of Napoleon on the cross of the Legion
of Honour, and to remove from it the crown, from which
at present it is suspended.—Ordered to be developed on
Monday.
M. Xavier Durrieu wished to have a
day appointed
on which explanations could be
demanded
Minister of Foreign Affairs, relative to the late events in
Naples. France was bound to second afpropmointtehd
the movement ine
that country, and the Assembly
n
naraimxieou3,siotondleaayrfnorhothwe
had beena doubt would be
done. Ho should
M. J. Fevre had to reply
that
_x he
fixed,
dw quite ready to
taprurtphou pose.
M. breply on any day that might be ,baust he had to ask
forthe Honourable Minister
alluded to, who was absent,
• •
that the day might be as distant as convenient, in order
that precise information might have been received on the
matter. He should propose Wednesday next.
This was agreed to.
M. Blavoyer stated, the Committee on the regulations
consider the manner in whbeh
having been applied to, to
the communications should take place between the
committeesb and the various ministerial departments,
had decided that they should be direct between the pre-
sidents or secretaries of the committee and ministers
themselves, and not their chefs-de-cabinet or clerks.
Adopted.
M. Duclerc (Minister of Finance) propos( d the draft
of a decree, which he desired to be examined d'urgenee,
declaring that the Government, wishing to recompense
the services of such persons as had, under the former
Government, suffered imprisonment for their political
opinions, had appointed them to situations in the vari-
ous services ; but as these persons had been for the most
part ruined in their wordly prospects, and were quite
unprovidrd with funds to meet the exp.ose of pr- ceed-
mg to several places of destination, and there ineutiling
themselves, the Government proposed that a credit of