The Sun.
London, England, 1846-08-20 00:00:00

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PRICE 50.

appointed. Pena
of a constitu.. )n wa y Pena, Cout,
Arrillaga, Bonilla, T,.\glef Romero, and Valencia were
appointed.
We annex a translation of the projet de lui, or bill,
reported in relation to the wer, by the committee to
which it was referred. Boca.lek -ra and 'Valencia were
among the members of this comm. ittee. After a short
report upon the circumstances of the case, the com-
mittee proposed the following:—
" The extraordinary National Congre, Cs of the Mexican
f:epublic considering:
That the Republic of the United States' of 11.,aerica,
with h ,Aorious violation of all right, has itist;jatt,l and
protected' openly and perseveringly the insurrecti of
the colonist' of Texas against the nation which had ad-
mitted them ninon its territory, and generously shielded
them with the pt :9tection of its laws.
" That it has Tworporated the same territory of
Texas into its union an Act of its Cougrms, notwith-
standing it has always' belonged by undispu,`.ed right to
the Mexican nation ; has been recognised as: such by
the United States themselves,. as appears by the boundary
treaties of 1832 and 1835.

" That it has not maintained the solemn ass urances
and reservations in regard to the rights of the TA-xican
Republic, which by means of its agents it had m ede in
conformity with those treaties.
" That it has also invaded the department of Ta Ennu-
lipas, introducing an army upon the left bank of thee
Bravo, giving occasion and origin to the battles of. the
Bth and 9th of May of the present year.
" That in time of profound peace, and during :the
established relations of amity between the two countries,
it has invaded by land and sea the territories of tile
Californias.
" That it has blockaded the ports of Matamoros, Vera
Cruz, and Tampico of Tamzulip as, opening its fire upon
the defences of the latter.

" That it has authorised alevy of troops against Mexico.
" That it has declared war against the republic, under
the pretext that the said states had been invaded, when,
in fact, they made the invasion.
" And, lastly, considering that the nationality of the
Mexicans is seriously compromised by the power and
the spirit of usurpation, thqzrantly manifested by the
neighbouring nation of the Uu'ited States—Decrees.
" lit. The Mexican nation, in the exercise of its
natural defence, is actually in a state of war with the
United States of America.

" 2d. In consequence thereof, the GovernmeEl will
employ all its resources and powers to render the war
effectual to the reparation of the injury done to the
Mexican nation; it will complete the bodiel-; of perma-
nent militia, and levy new forces at once to the extent'
it shall deem necessary, both to fill up the bodies at
pre eat on foot, and to create others of the same descrip-
tion; and If it shall need other special powers, Congress
will confer theln." _ _

This report bears date the 16th ult., but we find it in
a paper of the 2;th, and wa know not at all what action
was taken by Congress upon jt.
The diplomatic corps paid ti.•eir respects to the Ft.,-
sident upon the 21st, to fehcitate Nrn upon his election':
The British Minister, Mr. Bankh gad. addressed the
President on the subject very briefly, t„,id in very general
terms. The reply of the President is the same cha-
racter—not a line in it possesses any inter,. it.
Advices have been received from Durango, giving- tint
account of an action between a body of Mexicans and a,
band of savages, in which the Mexicans were utterly de—
feated, with the loss of their commander and others, left
dead on the field. This occurred early in June.
The situation of Matamoros and the north-eastern de-
partment is represented in the Mexican papers as de-
plorable. Without the speedy arrival of aid they are
lost irrecoverably, say the Mexicans. Copies of the,
Republic of Rio Grande had been received: in Mexico.
The papers say they are written in Lad 'Spanish—
Shocking !
At four o'clock on the morning of the 21st in st., there
was a slight shock of an earthquake felt at Vera Cruz,
which lasted some seconds. It was accompani ed by
great agitation and roaring of the sea. The papers pray
heaven to spare them from the calamities of the elem eats,
while they are suffering from the evils of a foreign war.
The people of Tlacotalpam, on learning of the block ade
of Alvarado, enlisted, to the number of several hundr, ,dc,
to defend the bar, and a few thousand dollars were raised
by subscription to erect fortifications.
Both the departments of Chihuahua and Durango aro
suffering from the ravages of the Comanches and Lepans.
Their outrages aro partially attributed to the intrigues
of ,he North Americans, some of whom have been seen
with the Indians.

BRIGHTON and DOVER RAILWAY

COMPANIES.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE TIMES.

Srn,—l feel it to be an act of duty to call your atten-
tion to an instance of criminal negligence on the part of
the Brighton and Dover Railway Companies, which,
but for the mercy of God, might have been fraught with
a frightful sacrifice of life. 0 wing to repairs now going
on, one of the lines of rails from the Annerley to the
Sydenham station is impassable; and the consequence
is, that for that distance the down and up-trains have
to traverse the same single line. At twenty minutes
past eleven on Monday morning, I was waiting at the
Annerley station, when a down-train was seen approach-
ing at the usual speed, and just as the locomotive
had passed me, I heard loud exclamations I'nm the
numerous workmen, who at the same time were
waving their hands ; and then, on looking through the
arch of the Annerley bridge, I saw a policeman violently
waving his red flag, and an up-train rapidly appreachif g.
At this instant the two trains, rapidly approximating,
could not have been at the most more than 200 yards
asunder ; the distance could easily be measured, hut I
feel certain it was, if any thing, less than stated. Both
engine drivers turned off their steam and applied their
breaks, and in this way fortunately the collision, which
to all the by-standers appeared inevitable, was prevented.
The trains were long ones, especially the up-train,
and full of passengers. Novv, Sir, in a case like this,
which, if it had occurred in the dark, I hesitate not
to affirm must have ended in a fearful collision—
for there is a bend in the I.'ne at this spot preventing, in
conjunction with the bridge, iitie approach of a train being
seen at a distance—in a case, I say, like this, there must
have been gross and criminal neWigenee in s,ame quarter:
or other ; and although no injury was done 40 life or
limb, it is the duty of the Government Inspector to insti-
tute a rigid inquiry into the matter, to ascertain who is
the party to blame, and then, be he high or low, a a 9cre-
tary or apoliccmun, to inflict a punishment, if indeed lie
has any means of giving efficacy to his investigation, cos tie
mensurate with the wrong committed. Several questions.;
immediately suggest themselves in such a proceeding,.
How came it to happen that in a distance of eight
miles between two stations, New Cross and Croydon,
provided with the electric telegraph, two trains travel-
ling in opposite directions were so timed, as by any
possibility to allow of their meeting on the single line
of rails ? This is the fundamental question, and
whoever is responsible for controlling the transit is
responsible for this gross and dangerous negligence.
What is the gain of such splendid and beneficial
discoveries as that of Professor Wheatstone, who,
by placing in our hands a messenger whica in ve-
locity outstrips light itself, has given us a power
to regulate the comparatively creeping locomo-
tive, if these railway officials are to be allowed to die-
use it? Then the question would arise, was any charges
' given to the engine-drivers to observe special caution in:
approaching the single line? If not, the parties who.
start the trains at both termini were guilty of neglect of:
duty. Ail the rest is a subordinate matter, for it re-
, lates to engine-drivers and policemen—men of no educa.-
tion, and who will, whilst the present preposterous
system continues, again and again be guilty of that
gross indifference to safety which marks the conduct of
all ignorant persons engaged in perilous undertakings.
To expect forethought, judicious alertness, and prompt
mental action on sudden emergency from such a class
indicates a total want of knowledge of the human mind.
In reply to all this, the aAhorities may attempt to
make light of the matter; but it was thought no trifling
occurrence by those who were present. One o,f
the workmen said, "It had made hint shake over."
I enclose my card, and if any incitairY be .
topY the
ftuuttuetrie,
safety is
I ruerpgeeanttlyf.ord,,n3thaendreafil,eoseh
aplrcd::nht alt
being called upont 'etc is
inspector. to that
sgcievretaciiviltheante t9hP
a species of intimidation exercised by the official geiltle.
men of these railways, which, as in the ease of the PoOr-
law Commissioners, r( pels useful and confidential corn--
munications from their subordinate officers on ordinary"
occasions, and which, on any unusual inquiry, tends to
stifle the truth.—Your obedient servunt,
Aug. 1.8. VIATOBe

GLASGOW PIG IRON ,lIARKET, Auc.ls.—A UTHORISED
REPORT.—The market opened this week without any change,
a,:zi remained so till Thursday, when the passing of the
Ameritzln Tariff became known ; iaunediately after, prices
took a start :.'.
f several shillings per ton, And the market has
closed with much frinness, at 735. for No. 3; 765. to 775. for
o 80:. for all No. 1. Cash, f.o.b.—
mixed Nos.; and 798..1
one of the most extensive th.:_kers having made 't sale of half
No. 1 and half N 0.3, at 80s. cash; and most of thoo2 are not
disposed to sell to any extent at present rates.
Suns BORROWED UNDER THE POOli-LAW.—It PP
,pears by a return just laid on the table of the House a
Lords, that the total amount of money borrowed under the
provisions of the Poor-law Amendment Act, in the unions
comprivd in the account of the population of unions (or•
dered to be printed 22d of May, 1837) has been as follows:-
480,121/. borrowed for buildings, alterations, lie., of work-
houses ; 14,5941. `. borrowed for any other purpose,' otakoB,
a grand twat of 494,715/. borrowed altogether. The rota.
sums expended by the said unions on account of legal pr -
ceedings relative to the settlement of poor persons during'
the years 1836, 1837, and 1838, were respectively 5,921/.,
4,247/., and 4,415/. The average annual expenditure of the
years 1833, 1834, 1835, on account of such proceedings jot
the parishes comprised in the same un2nna.fbr the three years'
prior to the formation thereof, was 9,6231.
GREENLAND FISHERY.-I'ETERIIEAD, a"., UG 6 —The
Enterprise, Martin, arrived here from Greenland. full ; left
the ice 12th ult., and reports as follows:—Eclipse, 5 fish.
120 seals, 75 tuns; Dublin, 3 fish, 400 seals, 40 tuns; North.
of Scotland, 1 fish, 35 seals, 15 tuns; Commerce, 4,000
seals, 40 tuns; Sarah and Elizabeth, 6 fish, 2,900 seals, 75
tons; Forth, 2 fish; Swallow, 1 fish, 90 seals; Anna, 2 fish,
3,400 seals; Jane, 1 fish, 1,500 seals; Bon Accord, 3 fish, 70
seals; Union, 900 seals; Hannibal, 1,600 seals; Fairy (Dun-
dee), 50 seals; Hamilton Ross, 1,100 seals; Flamingo, 900
seals; St. George (London), 700 seals; Constantine, 1,200
seals; William Ward, 40 seals; Eliza, 2,800 nab,. And also
',ports the Fairy, of Dundee, and Hamilton Ross, of this
port, being beset in the ice 27th June, but expected to be
got out; also met the Commerce and Union getting among
the ice to the fishing ground.
[ADVERTISEMENT.]—THE EARL OF A\ LDBOROUGII
AND HOLLOWAY'S Pmts.—An astounding cure by this miraculous
medicine, after every other means had failed. See extract of his
lordship's letter, dated Villa 31essiti.i, Leghorn, Feb. 21. litts :
" To Professor Holloway,—Sir, I beg to acquairt you that Your
pills have effectcd a cure of a disorder in my liver and stomact.
which all the most eminent of the faculty, at home and allover tte
Continent, had not been able to effect —nay, not even the waters r 1
Carlsbad or liaricnbaci.—(Signed) AJdboraugh." These wonderful
Pills will cure any disease of the liver or stomach. Sold (also .1,44,
!OZ-
-
loway's Ointrac.atl at Professor Holloway's Eatabliallraeal,
stulids Pd of all ra49Lue veuctim throusteat ths civittte4 wall.

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