The Sun.
London, England, 1848-11-09 00:00:00

WEST INDIA MAIL.

Our usual file of Jamaica papers have come to
hand, but there is little of interest or importance to
communicate, with the exception of the wretched
condition of a large portion of the inhabitants of
the colony. Families of the highest distinction are
now beginning to feel the destruction that awaits
them.

By this mail we have letters from Lima to the 13th
of September, from Valparaiso to the 28th of August,
and from Quito (Equador) to the 11th of September.
From Lima the accounts show the old determination
on the part of the Peruvian Government to tire out
their creditors in this country by endless shuffles. It
will be remembered that about the year 1845 the
bondholders, at the suggestion of the Peruvian Go-
vernment, commissioned Messrs. Maclean, Rowe, and
Co., of Lima, to act as agents for their claims ; that
upon this the Peruvian Government, to get rid of any
direct negotiation, referred the matter back to their
Minister in London, Senor Yturregui ; that Senor
Yturregui then instructed the bondholders that they
must send a special representative to Lima; that upon
compliance being refused, this Minister, at a subse-
quent period, entered into an arrangement for a pro.
vision for the creditors out of the Government guano
contracts; and, finally, that so soon as this was
settled it was repudiated in Peru on the ground
that he had acted without authority. The next step
of the foiled bondholders was to instruct M'Lean,
Rowe, and Co. to renew negotiations, and this eli-
cited a proposition which for effrontery was almost
without precedent, and which was rejected summarily
in July last at a meeting of the creditors at the
London Tavern. Ai- this stage it was understood that
Mr. Pitt Adams, the 1!...0.;j1i5h Minister at Lima,
would receive instructions to za.sist upon the claims
of the bondholders being adjusted without further
prevarication, and we have now the newts of the re-
ception of the strong resolutions of the creditors by
the Peruvian Government, and of the course they have
taken in consequence. Finding that plain terms only"
will now be listened to, and that it would be difficult
to escape the necessity of a definite answer to Mr.
Adams, they have again intimated that instead
of going into the matter on the spot, they
intend sending by their new Minister, about
to depart for London, full instructions for its
settlement. That this fresh evasion will only
terminate in a new reference to Lima, and again
from Lima to London, and so on for ever, may
plainly be seen, unless the Home Government shall
deem it fit to send, or shall have already sent, such
simple instructions to Mr. Pitt Adams as will pre-
vent all possibility of escape. It was strongly be-
lieved at the meeting in July that such instructions
had been dispatched, and it would now seem de-
sirable for the bondholders that some statement
should be obtained regarding the intentions of the
Foreign-office in their behalf.

At Valparaiso it is said business in imports was
brisk, and the merchants were without sufficient
goods to supply the demand. The exchange on
London at 90 days was 43 d. Freight for copper
ores to Swansea was 41. 12s. 6d. and 5 per cent., and
to Liverpool 41. ss. and 5 per cent.; light goods,
6/. 10s. and 5 per cent. The Railway Bill has passed
the Chamber of Deputies, and a proposal was under
discussion to apply 50,000 dolls. to the purposes of
immigration. The last news from Otaheite was, that
intelligence had been received there of the establish-
ment of the French Republic, and had created great
excitement, strong hopes being entertained that the
islands would be given up.

REVIEW OF MARKETS.
(From De Cordova's Mercantile Intelligencer.)
After our last issue the dulness which we have had to
deplore for some time past continues to exist, but within
the last two days some little activity has been manifested
in the market for bread stuffs. We are justified in re-
porting that there is at present a slightly upward ten-
dency in business generally. This is attributable to
various causes. In the first place the reappearance of
the destructive aphides in the potatoes at home has given
a little impetus to speculation, and the next fortnight is
expected to be comparatively lively in Port Royal-
street. Another cause of this leoked for change is the
fact that few persons having laid in larger stock than
would suffice for immediate demand, they now find them-
selves wanting supplies, and are coming forward to pur-
chase.
We beg that shippers will fully understand that by
the above paragraph we du not mean to advise the send-
ing on of any large shipments. The very trifling ten-
dency to improvement which we notice is nothing more
than a temporary activity caused as we have stated
above. It is extremely trifling, and we fear will soon
subside.
The seasons have been excellent this year, for although
we have not yet had the regular October rains, occa-
sional showers have visited all parts of the island, and
have been of great benefit.
Flour—The stock of flour is ample, but prices have an
upward tendency, owing to the re-appearance of the
potato disease at home.
Rum is at 3s. 8d to 3s. 9d.:for proof 21, equal to 2s. 2d.
to 2s. 3d. for exportation.
Sugar—There is a decline in the value of this article.
Our last Intedigencer named its limits at ss. 6d. to 20s.
We now quote 15s. to 19s. per 100 lbs.
Freights are very dull as under:—Sugar, 3/. to 31. 10s.
per ton. Rum, 4d. per gallon.
EXCHANGES ON LONDON.—Colonial Bank-90 days,
1 per cant. pm.; 60 days, 11 per cent. pm.; 30 days, 2
per cent. pm. Jamaica Bank-90 days, 1 pm.

[ADVERTISEMENT.]—The most obstinate Bowel
Complaints are speedily cured by Worsdell's Vegetable
Restorative Pills, prepared by John Kaye, Esq., of
Dalton-hall, near Huddersfield. Mr. Thomas Hughes,
builder, residing at Rug, near Come; says, "I was
troubled for upwards of four years and a half with a very
weakening bowel complaint. The advice of several emi-
nent medical men, and the remedies they recommended,
all proved unavailing. I determined to give your Pills
a fair trial, and to my great joy they effected a perfect
cure. I am now as healthy as ever I was in my life."
Similar testimonies have been borne by hundreds. See
that John Kaye's coat of arms, and a fac-simile of his
signature, are printed on the directions for use wrapped
round each box. Price Is. 14d., 2s. 9d., and 4s. 6d. per
box; to be had of all respectable Chemists and Medicine
Venders.

The Marquis of Lansdowne arrived in town yes-
terday, from his seat, Bowood Park, Wilts.

All WA. S ! RAILWAYS ! THE
THR GREAT RAILWAYS I
RS WILL NEVER CEASE !
(FRoSZ A CORRESPONDENT.)
Who can view the aspect of affairs between the
North-Western, Great Western, and South-Western.
Companies, and not seem startled, not feel alarmed,
and cry aloud, " Wonderful!" What! after the two
monster companies, the Great Western and North-
Western, have been quarrelling so long and differing
over the bone (the Birmingham and Oxford Junction
Railway) who should possess it, who should have the
mastery and direction of it, at a cost so outrageous,
frightful, and distressing to themselves, and ruinous
to their mutual interests,—do they now seek to shake
hands and join, even soliciting the South-Western
Company to become a party and fall in the same
rank to amalgamate with them, become united, three
created in one ?

And what is to become of the public throughout
the compass of this vast portion of the empire ?
suppose even one-half of England will be under the
thumb, at the will of one man, one direction 1
Will honest John Bull sit down quietly and con-
tent, be reconciled and satisfied with such an awful
domination ? No, no ! it cannot, must not, will not
be! Think for a moment of the horrible abuse that
has already taken place. What did the company seek
by projecting the Birmingham and Oxford Junction
line, in introducing their Bill to the notice of Parlia-
ment? I was present before the Committees on the
Bill, both in the Commons and Lords in 1845, and
the Bill was distinctly understood as a competing line
with the London and Birmingham line, and as such
the Act passed, and was considered right and neces-
sary for the good of the public. Who then will pre-
tend, or dare to say, that it was for the good of the
public that the said line should forthwith be sold to
the Great Western, and now proposed to be united or
amalgamated with the Nbrth-Western P—a line by
which the Act was granted to be in competition (or
opposition) with, as a matter of public right and just
principle. Surely, then, it becomes startling, fright-
ful, nay, alarming, to think of these things. And,
further, what will be the end thereof ?
I look upon it that every disinterested person will
cry aloud and petition against the proposed amalga-
mation—a great scheme (as I think) of the most
shameful, unjust, and diabolical character and intent,
fraught with nothing but base injustice and imposition
upon the public.
No doubt the people of the south division of Eng-
land will, in due time (and no matter how soon) cry
aloud in disgust against the most infamous grasp, and
at the same time say, "It is enough ! We have seen,
we have seen! Railways might be a blessing to the
land—ought ; but abused by misconduct, and enor-
mous amount of money thrown away, owners seek to
saddle the
,public with the loss, and they become
pestilential.

- Let the people therefore pray the Legislature next
session to take every line of railway into holy keeping,
in the management and direction of Government, as
national property, at a fair and just market price, for
the eyes of all must now be opened. Why have we
already had so much of amalgamation and purchase
of canals, &c.? Horrible, horrible, most horrible I
A WARWICKSHIRE LAD.

Nov. 7, 1848.

NAVAL INTELLIGENCE.

PORTSMOUTH, WEDNESDAY.—The Myrtle steam-
vessel, Master-Commander Alfred Balliston, left to-day
for St. Helier's, Jersey, taking Dr. Bradford, surgeon to
the Blenheim, to render additional assistance to the
crew of the Seaflower cutter, Commander Dumaresq, on
board which it is reported Asiatic cholera has made its
appearance. Mr. Balliston had his steam up, and was
ready to start in less than an hour after ordered—a
most praiseworthy exhibition of alacrity on the part of
that offieer.
The Plumper steam-vessel, to which Commander Nol-
loth was appointed on Monday, had not hoisted the pen-
dant up to this time-4 P.m.
Captain Austin, C. 8., commanding the reserve steam
squadron at this port, is ordered to superintend the
forthcoming trial between the Sharpshooter (iron) and
Rifleman (wood) screw-vessels, the former of 202 and
the latter of 100 horse power. Sir Charles Napier
wishedito have had this trial under his immediate orders,
but it appears the Admiralty have willed it otherwise.
The Ajax screw block-ship is ordered for trial on Fri-
day. She is to leave the harbour at half-past eight A.m.,
and will remain at Spithead until Saturday. A nume-
rous party of scientific officers, including some members
of the Admiralty, are expected to bemon board during
the trials.
The Blenheim screw block-ship, Captain Horatio
Austin, C. 8., was visited to-day by Captain the Hon. M.
F. F. Berkely, C. 8., one of the Lords of the Admiralty,
Captain Chads, C. 8., of the Excellent, and Colonel Col-
quhoun, of Woolwich, to decide on the alterations for
the benefit of that ship proposed by Captain Chads.,
The Harlequin, 12, Commander Moore, sailed from
Malta for Messina on the 22d ult.
The Diligence, naval transport, sailed this morning for
Ply mou h.
THE MASTER'S RANK AND SENIORITY.—A memorial
is now being handed round at Portsmouth for signature,
from the masters of the royal navy, addressed to the
L irds Commissioners, praying to be placed on the same
equality in rank and command with the lieutenants of the
navy, according to the dates of their several commis-
sions. Should their prayer be granted the masters in
nearly all the large: class of ships of war would take
command after the commanders, and before the senior
and other lieutenants, should the date of their commis-
sion give them the seniority, which in must cases it
would do.
IVind, N. by W., moderate breezes, and fine weather.
PLYMOUTH, Nov. 7.—Her Majesty's sloop Heroine. 8,
Commander Charles Edmunds, arrived in the Sound last
night from the coast of Africa; left Sr. Paul de Loando
on the 2d, and Ascension on the 14th of September; an-
chored at Sierra Ltone on the 21st, and sailed on tho
24th; arrived at Isle St. Vincent (Cape Verd) on the 3d,
and left on the 18th of October.

Ocr. 2.—Spoke an American barque, which reported
having been four dap; in company, and parted on the Ist
of October, with the Sydney packet Alert, outward
bound, partially dismasted in a hurricane two degrees
north of Cape Verd islands. The Heroine at the time
was in the vicinity of the hurricane, which is unusual in
that quarter. She only experienced a tremendous swelL
—Nov. 3. lat. 47 deg. 28 mm. N.. long. 12 deg. 5 min.
W., bluwihj hard from the North-east—exchanged
colours with ;he ship Jemiina, outward bound, and
exhib ting the tn:t distinguishing pennant over No.
6.024.

The Heroine has been three years and one month
absent from England; her officers and men are all
healthy. She has taken seven prizes and two halves,
making eight. prizes in all. The slave trade is becoming
more active than ever; it is carried on chiefly by the
Brazilians. but the Spaniards have latterly taken a share
in the traffic.

The Commodore was at anchor at St. Paul de Loando
when the Heroine left on the 2d of September.
The Pantaloon sloop, 8, Commander L. T. Provost,
wes at Sierra Leone on the 24th of September, bound to
the Gallinas. The Alert sloop, 8, Commander Hugh
Dunlop; vie Bonetta brigantine, 3, Lieutenant-Com-
mander F. E. Forbes; and the Sealark sloop, 8, Com-
mander W. B. Monypenny, were at the Gallinas. The
Amphitrite, 24, Captain T. R. Eden; and the Firefly
steam-vessel, 3, Commander John Tudor, th
e
Bight at
Bight of Benin, all very healthy. The Punjaub left for
Enzland the day before the departure
of the Heroine.
The Bonetta has made eight prizes. The Sealark 's
fourth prize, a large brig, capable of holding 1,000
slaves, was at Sierra Leone; and the A mphitrite's third
prize, a brigantine of 300 slaves, arrived 'here on the
22d of September.
Her Majesty's sloop Ranger, 8, Commander Charles
Ti. Newland, which got ashore at St. Vincent (Cape de
Verd) on the 22d of July, was sunk on the Bth of
September, in being hove down b,y the Pantaloon, but
was afloat when the Heroine arrived there. The James
Town, American Commodore, had rendered considerable
assistance to the Ranger. All the Ranger's keel, fore
foot, and butt ends are gone, and several of her timbers
are showing; it is doubtful if she can belrepaired suffi-
ciently to enable her to come home.
The only vessels at Ascension were her Majesty's war-
sloop Tortoise, 12, Captain Frederick Hutton, and her
Majesty's sloop Wanderer, 12, Commander F.
B. Mon-
tresor, re-fitting.
Her Majesty's brig Nautilus, 6, tender, came into
harbour yesterday; her crew, consisting of seamen and
naval apprentices, will be transferred to her Majesty's
ship San Josef, 110, Captain Sir Thomas Maitland. The
Nautilus will have a new crew, consisting of seamen only..
The Admiralty Finance Committee yesterday, in com-
pany with Admiral Superinterdent Sir John Louis, Mr.
Stigant, storekeeper, and other dockyard officers, visited
the store-house No. 1, and inspected the copper sheath-
ing, bolts, block shivers, canvas and fearnoughta; the
cordage in No. 2; iron boilers and hemp cables in N 0.3;
and the blocks, oakum, and various stores in Nos. 4. 5,
and 6. Their Lordships subsequently examined other
departments in the yard.
Wind N.W., fresh breeze, dry.

THE WEATHER.—Since our last, we have had
changeable weather, with a downward tendency in the
thermometer. Saturday morning the frost was keen,
with a cold N.W. wind, and the lowest temperature of
the day was 26 degrees Fahrenheit. In the evening,.
and during the night, it continued frosty; and early on
Sunday morning the temperature was no higher than 27
degrees; but the weather had changed, and rain fell
during the forenoon and the rest of the day. On Mon-
day the temperature was higher, but the day was cloudy.
and rain fell in the afternoon. Yesterday was fine and
clear for the most part, and altogether an iinproveraens
on tiie weather of the last two or three days.—Masa-
diester Guardian.

MALEY AND GILL—For a correct report of this
good pugilistic contest see Belts Life in London of Sa-
turday, Nov. 11. The sale of Belts Life exceeds 27,000,
arid is regularly published in time fur all the Saturday
mid-day railways.

How TO ENLARGE VEGETABLES.—A vast increase
of food may be obtained by managing judiciously, and
systematically carrying out the principles of increase.
Taki,, for instance, a pea. Plant it in very rich ground;
allow it to bear the first year, say a half-dozen pods only;
remove all others save the largest single pea of these.
Sow it the next year, and retain of the produce three
pods only; sow the largest the following year, and retain
one pod; again select the largest, and the next year the
sort will by this time have trebled its size and weight.
Ever afterwards sow the largest, and by these means
you will get peas, or anything else, of a bulk of which
we at present have no conception.—Boston Cultivator
(U.