The Sun.
London, England, 1870-03-10 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDO v, THU E SDA Y EVE MARCH 10, 1870.

be pending for years, while public opinion may
change when a State can ratify what it before re-
jected. The difference is that ratification is fol-
lowed, not by a mere statutory enactment, but by a
vital political fact, stamping an additional lettee on a
new page which carries weight all over the nation.
The ratification can only be regarthd in the light
of a treaty pending between two or more sovereign
Powers. Neither can withdraw its ratification within
the term prescribed for its exchange of ratifications,
but in the case of an Amendment there is no pre-
scribed term, and the ratification is therefore a
continuing and subsisting obligation until the result
is finally ascertained and announced. The strongest
argumect is that a State can undo what a State
does, but this is not so in all cases ; as, for instance,
it cannot contract a debt or vest an interest, and
revoke at pleasure. But the Vuti,nr part:et:daily
points out this fact : the State may repeal any law
which it can enact in the exert of original or
underived political power, hut the rule does not
apply to the executital of a specific power con-
ferred. In ratifying, the State s du itot act or initiate
upon their own motion. The Cons itution confers
a specific power enab:ing Congress and the States
to act. Congress may propose and the States.
may ratify or not, but they carnot resc:nd, for
that power is not conferred. The power not to do
it or to refuse to do it is discretionary, but, not
to annul it after it has been d:_ine. A resolution
has been introduced into Congress dtelatiog such
withdrawals to be incompetent ; a false and danger-
ous ground to occupy ; for if Congress can prohibit
States from withdrawing, could it not, on the other
hand, permit States to withdraw ? No question is
more likely to cause a split unless the mode,laid down
in the Constitution be rigidly adhered to. The do-
minant party will always endeavour to graft its lead-
ing principle on the Constitution, and it will be
strongly tempted, if it be permitted, to travel beyond
the prescribed and legal mode in doing this. Take, for
instance, the way in which the thee-fourths of the
States have been secured for the Fifteenth A amend-
meat. The condition was imposed ou the unrecon-
structed States or those pronounced to be out of the
Union of ratifying it before admission to representa-
tion in Congress—that is, into the Union ; therefore
they were not properly States of the United
States, and unqualified to ratify a constitutional
amendment. But even if qualified, is au act
done under compulsion legal ? Although in
the long struggle which has been going on
since 1787 the Federal power has gaioeii, there
may come a reaction against it when the question
of State Rights might again come up for fierce de-
bate on these two last Amendments; when it would
be well to have the point finally settled wtethrr
a State can withdraw its ratification to an amend-
ment to the Constitution after it has been officially
forwarded to Washington.

711 E UNIVLRSITY BOAT RACE.

CAMBRIDGE, We incsJay.

The crew remains unaltered, and this afternoon
have been down to Bottishanx Locks and back.
After another fortnight's training they will take
their departure from th© Cam, for a fortnight's
practice on the Thames, where they make tl.e
Star and Garter, at Putney, their bead-quarters.
It is said that Mr. Morrison contemplates taking
the crew for a long twenty miles row to Ely before
the expiration of the present week, and it is not ex-
pected they will do much outrigger work till after
then. It seems probable that the reserve four will
not go out again, as the two men who will be
relied on for emergencies—Spencer (Second Trinity)
and Mc Michael (Downing)—can obtain necess try
practice in their College eight. The somewhat un-
settled state of affairs at Oxford which are reported
raise the hopes of the Cantabs. Some surprise is
manifested at the conflicting statements which ap-
pear in the papers of the day of the race. No doubt
is entertained that the race pill be rowed this day
month, perhaps a couple of hours before high water.
It is satisfactory to know that if the new boat which
J. H. Clasper, of Wandsworth, is building for Cam-
bridge does not suit, they have several good racing
craft to fall back on. The new boat being built by
Clasper will probably not be tried until the crew get
to Putney. Mr. Morrison, who is so assiduously and
disinterestedly coaching the crew, is the guest of
the Rev. J. Porter, pastor of St. Peter's College,
and it is generally felt that the University ought to
mark its sense of the efforts of that gentleman by
the conferring of an honorary degree upon him.

OXFORD, Alitrel 9

The Oxford crew, in accordance with ;:nriounce-
went, took a long sweat from Oxford to Walling-
ford this afternoon, a distance of about -20 miles,
Mr. Iloublon, Christ Church, rowing stroke, with
the crew the same as before. We are not acquainted
with the result of this test of the powers of the new
stroke and his brother oarsmen, at, the crew had not
returned from Wallingford when the parcel left
Oxford, but we have reason to think it will decid-
the vexed question of who is to be the stroke oar,
and the disposition of the other members of the
boat.

LIS7 FOR THE USE OF VISITORS TO
271 E METROPOLIS.

MUSEUMS.

Antiquarian—Somerset House. Admission by application
to too secretary.
Botanic—Royal Botanic Society of London. %pint's-
park. Admission daily by orders from fellows. Royal
Gardens, Kew. Open daily, 1 till 6, free.
British—Great Russell-street. Open free on Mondays,
Wednesdays, and Fridays, 10 to 4 7 • summer mouths 10
till 7. Closed let till 7th January, Ist till 7th May, and
Ist till 7th September; also on all thanksgiving days.
City—Guildhall. A collection of antiquities, ecc. Daily
10 till f.
Geological - Jertnyn street. Open daily (except Fridays)
free.

India—lndia Office, Charles-street. Asiatil natural his-
tory, antiquities, (tc. Open free on Mondays, Wednes-
days, and- Fridays, and on Thursdays by orders.
Icin's College— Strand. Anatomy and curiosities. Daily
10g till 4.

Patents—South Kensington. Models and inventions.
Open free daily.
. _ _

Royiil lustiZuti2n- -21, Albemarlo-street. Various objects.
Daily, 10 till 5.
Royal Military Repository—Woolwich. Models of forti-
fications, cannon, and warlike appliances. Daily, 10
till 4.

Royal Polytechnic Institution-309, Regent-street. Scien •
tific, with lectures. Open daily, till tO p.m. ls.
BOane's-13, Lincoln's-inn-fields. Antiquities, curiosities,
and pictures. Open Wednesdays, Thursdays, and Fri-
days in April, May, and Juno ; and Wednesdays, from
February to August. Admission on application to the
Curator

Society of Arts—John-street. Adelphi. Inventions, pic-
tures, curiosities &c. adinissioa by member's
order.

South Kensington—Cromwell-road. Oper. on Monday;
Tuesdays, and Saturdays, 10 till 10, free; on other days
10 till 4,5, or 6. (d.

Tower of London—Auciont armour, &e. Open daily,
till 4. ls.

PICTUP.E GALLERIES.

Bridgewater Gallery— Cleveland-square. Cards to view
may be obtained from Mr. Mitchell, Old Bond-street.
British Artists—Suffolk-street. April to July. Is.
blasters, June, July, and August. ,s.
Buckingham Palace Pictures. —May be viewed by an order
from the Lord Chamberlain.
Cartoons of Raphael—South Kensington Museum Mon
day, Tuesday, Saturday, free; other days, Gd.
Crystal Palace—Sydenharn. Modern Pictures and Sculp-
ture, Is.
Dulwich Gallery—Dulwich. Chiefly Flemish and Dutch
Pictures. Open free daily, ex,opt Friday.
Flaxman Gallery—University of Loudon, Gower-street.
Foundling Hospital—Guildford-street. Open Mondays,
10 till 4.
Gallery of Anciert Masters-49, Pall. ls.
Greenwich Painted Hall —Greenwich. Mondays and Fri
days Free : other days, 4d.
Guildhall—City. May be seen on application to the hat;
keeper.
Hampton Court Palace.—Tho galleries are open free Gaily
except on Friday.
Monument—Fish•street Hill. Every day. Gd.
National Gallo ry— Trafalgar- .3q ita rI. Open free, Mondays
Tuesdays, Wednesdays, and Sat..-.rdays.
Trinity House—Trinity-square, Tower-hill. Models of
lighthouses, &c. Daily, 10 till 4.
Tussaud's Waxwork-58, Baker-street. Open daily till
10 p.m. is.

SUBURBAN PLACES OF RESORT.
Cremorne Gardens—Chelsea. ls.
Crystal Palace ?ark—Sydenham. • Open daily, is.; Satur-
days, 2s. 6(1.
Greenwich Park - Greenwich. 0p.,. frAil
ITarupton Court Gardens.— Open free daily.
fliglitalry Barn and Gardens - Ifighbury. Gd. and is by
refreshment tickets.
Row Gardens - Kew. Open free, daily at ore o'clock:
liichmo• d Park —Richmond. Open free, daily.
Rosherville Gardens—Grayes,,nd. Open daily. 6d.
Royal Ifortieulturid Gardens—Kensington. Admission by
members' order.

The new naval retirement scheme has been gene-
rally accepted with great satisfaction by naval
uffiars on full and half ply at Portsmouth; but,
as &matter of course, there are a few dissentients,
especially among those officers who have elected to
retire from further active service within the past
12 or 18 months,

THE CALIFORNIA MINES.

REVIEW OF THE OPERATIONS DURING THE YEAR 1869.

PROSPECTS FOR THE FUTURE.

There was no important change of general cha-
racter for the gold mining industry of California in
1869, except a slight decline in placer productions,
the precise amount of which is not ascertainable,
and a slight increase in the yield of the quartz mines.
The treasure exports were $37,287,117, and the re-
ceipts were 551,226,769, including about $12,000,000
from Nevada, $4,132,055 imports and $3,042,540
brought by coast steamers, mostly from Oregon
and Idaho. One of the chief events of the year
has been the resumption of profitable work on the.
Mariposa estate, which had not produced enough to
pay expenses for tlie last five years. The Princeton
Mine, which yielded a great revenue under the ma-
nagement of Park, is neglected; but the Pine Tree,
the Josephine, and the Mariposa, which paid lint
very little, are now yielding finely. The Mariposa,
Mid has twenty-live stamps runni,g by wet pro-.
eves, and twentytfive more are to be add d in the
spins-. The quartz ranges in yield from $l3 to
$lB per ton. A large body of ore is in sight. The
Benton Mills have sixty-Clue stamp, including
twenty-five stat ted lately running on ore that ave-
ra“.s $lB per ton, mostly from two large ply chutes,
each 500 feet lung horizontally, and live feet w ide
on the Pine Tree Mine. The expense at the Lemon
Mills is $1 for extraetion,9o cents for transportation,
and $1.25 for pulverization and amalgamation by
the wet procss, making $6.15 as the total expense
per ton. The expense of pulverization and amalga-
mation is $2.25 more per ton by the dry process;
but the gain in yield is considered to be enough to
justify the preference of that mode of working the
rock containing the gold in very fine particles. We
have no statistics of the total yield, but the 86 stamp
must crush about 70 tons per day, or at the rate of
$378,000 in 300 working days. The Eureka Mine,*
at Grass Valley, produced $573,600 gross, and
$360,000 for the year ending on the 30th of last
September. The number of tons crushed was
20,638 ; the gross yield per ton, $27.80; the cost
of mining and milling, $9.65 per ton. In the last
three months the clean-ups have been as follow :
October 20, $20,293 ; November 5, $19,158 ; No-
vember 20, $17,916 ; November 20, $28,459 ' • De-
cember 18, $23,820.41; December 31, $20,000;
sulphurets, $5,229—t0ta1, $134,885. The dividends
have been $30,000 for each of the last three mouths.
The following figures show the gross yield, the
number of tons worked, and the dllidends monthly
of the Amador

Months. Gross Yield. Tons Worked. Dividends.
January
February 65,070 98 2,5197 37,000
Mareb
April
May

CI,
Juue 45,091 94 2,930 37,000
July
August 36,269 '26 1,566 2.),2
-)00
-
September
October
November
December

Total $638,702 52 32,510 8377,400
The gross yield was $20.06 per ton ; the net $11.36.
The product of the Sierra Buttes Mine for the last
year has been $217,000, and the dividends $123,000.
The average yield of the quartz is about $l2 50 per
ton. There are 40,000 tons of good ore iu sight,
enough to keep the present mills running for three
years. The Alaska Mine is producing $4,000 per
month gross, and the Brush Creek Miaie is cre sited
with a yield of $105,000 in the 12 months ending
September 18. The Idaho Mine, in the year end-
ing October last, crushed 9,488 tons, avid extracted
$308,745, or $32 50 gross per ton. '1 he dividends
were about $15,000 per month, and the rock is, now
better than ever before. The Allison Mine has
crushed some rich rock from the dump and from the
old levels, but is not yet fairly reopened. We have
no late figures from the Confidence Mine of Tito-
luinne county, which, according to report; is pro-
ducing about $20,000 per month. The Sou'shy
Mine, which long occupied a leading place in that
county, is now producing little or nothing. The
Keystone; of Awador, Is being enlarged to double
its capacity, so as to run 40 stamps. It has bcien
producing, with 20 stamps, until within a few
weeks, when it Ehut down, $25,000 gross and
$15,000 net per month. The Keystone of Sierra,
which turned out $20,000 per mouth for a short
time last summer, was stopped by the water, and pro-
duction will not be resumed until a drain tunnel now
in progress is finished, and that rnayrequiresix months
or more. The Crescent, of Piumas county, after
having passed through some strange vicissitith s of
prosperity and adversity, resumed work in June,
rooming only sixteen of its thirty-two stamps.
Two months were spent in repairing, and in the
four months of work $58,000 we:e extracted. The
yield per ton was from $l2 to $l5, and the total
expense of mining and milling is repoßed to have
been $3 per ton. The Oaks and Reese Mill
el-list-lel 9,059 tons, and extracted $130,229.10 in
1869; an average 01514.3.7 per ton, The mill has
twenty-tight stamps, of which twelve first com-
menced work a mouth since. The Union Hill Mine,
which has hotly been sold to an English company,
cleaned up for Daceinber $16,300, of which forty
per cent. is profit. The monthly production seldom
exceeded $12,000 before. The Empire, North Star,
and Banner Mines are at work, but we have no
figures from thew. The consumption of dynamite,
or giant powder, and the employment of single-
hand drills, have been gaining ground steadily ;
and, in some kinds of rock, they have enabled the
mine-owners to make important reductions in the
cost of extraction. In May there was an excite-
ment at Grass Valley, in consequence of the for-
mation of a league among the miners to prevent
otlers from working for less than $3.50 per day,
and from using dynamite. The leaguers repeatedly
used violence agaiii4 those who refused to obey
their rules, but they found public opinion against
them, and they disavowed a resort to force. Quiet
has now been restored, and in most of the mines
there is no opposition to dynamite. There is a fair
prospect that the gold production of 1870 will be
larger than that of 1869.—San Francisco Alta,
J.inuary 9.

* This was the mine recently ottemd ou the London
market, we believe, in vain, through the hostility o: bro-
kers the proprietors did not chooso to bribe. John Bull
s a decided prJference for " dit not
surpris'ng that there are men in Aniesica reads to accom-
modate hm.

THE ATTORNEY-GENERAL V. THE WAX CHANDLERS'
COMPANY,—This appeal has been heard by. the Lord
Cliancellor from a decision of the Master of the Rolls.
The testator, William Kendall, by his will, dated 1558,
'devised certain houses and tenements in the " Olde
Channo.e. in the parishe of Marie Magdalen es in Lon-
don at' Old Fish-street ende, to the Master, Wardens,
and Commonaltie of the Misterie of the Wax Chaund-
lers of the Citie of London," upon condition that they
should distribute yearly £8 as follows :—£7 138. in
charities, and ss. to the master and wardens for the
time being equally. The annual value of the property
shortly before the date of the will was £9 45., but it had
since greatly increased in value. It was contended that
the defendants were not entitled for their own benefit to
the surplus income of the property. The Master of the
Rolls held that the defendants, on complyinc, with the
two conditions imposed by the will, namely, the payment
of £8 in charity, as aforesaid, and repairing the buildings
devised by the testator, were entitled to the surplus
income. The appeal was dismissed.
THE BANKRUPTCY LAW.—The Master of the Rolls has
delivered judgment in the case of Symes v. Hughes. It
was a bill filed by the plaintiff to compel the executors of
a deceased lady to reconvey to him certain property
which he had settled on her previous to his becoming
a bankrupt. Mrs. Mannochs, the lady in question, had
been living with the plaintiff, and the settlement was made
on her in May 1868. When they ceased to cohabit, the
plaintiff was desirous of having the property reassigned to
him, but the lady objected, and on her decease he filed the
b:11 against her executors. When the plaintiff became
bankrupt he offered to compromise with his creditors, and
it was agreed that he should be allowed to carry on this
suit in his own person, on the condition of paying 2s. 6d.
in the pound if he did not succeed. The Master of the
Rolls considered that the transaction came within the
meaning of the 118th section of the Bankruptcy Act of
1861, and decided in favour of the plaintiff.

COMPLICATIONS OF BRITISH LAWS.—A cab-proprietor
has been charged before Mr. Arnold with plying for hire
without a plate on his cab, which had not been licensed
for this year. The defence was that the complication of
the cab laws was such that the cabmen were in
utter ignorance of what they might do and
what they might not do. An inspector, who said
the defendant "knew the law well enough " received as
answer from the magistrate :—" Then the defendant
understands the law better than I do, for there are about
eight Hackney Carriage Acts and two sets of regulations.
How the defendant can be expected to comprehend
their meaning I cannot understand. I shall order the
defendant to enter into reomisances to come up for judg-
ment when called upon."

iIIL COLLISION DDTYEEN THE BOMBAY AND
ONEIDA.—When the telegram received from New York
by the " Central Press" said that the captain of the
Bombay, after running down the Oneida, had calmly pur-
sued his course, leaving a sinking ship's crew to perish, doubts
were expressed as to the justice of the Yankees' indigna-
tion. The Pall Mall Gazette called attention to the fact
that indignation at the Britisher is a favourite paAime in
the 'United States ; and that an American ship of war
should be run down by a British packet-boat, a mere
mail-steamer, seemed very likely to stimulate aceu-
salon on the part of our cousins. Tile
facts which have since come to light, however, cause this
paper and others to suspect that their confidence was not
justified. The captain of the English ship says that
he was unaware that the collision was at all serious :
"He did not think the Oneida could have been
much damaged, and continued his journey to Yokohama."
" Certainly (says the Pall Mall Gazette) this is very
strange. A shock so great as to destroy a ship of war is
felt so little by the vessel which struck her that her cap-
tain carries on without a suspicion that any harm has been
done. Nor does he hear the distress guns. Surely there
must be some explanation of all this which does not yet
Appear ; most earnestly we hope so, anti cling to the
Vie-
livf that the story is not yet convlete,n,4 • '

SPIRIT OF THE PRESS.

THE CONSERVATIVE BANQUET.

The Times declares that a grand banquet to the Con-
servative members of the two Houses of Parliament at
which Mr. Disraeli does not appear is—the illustration is
inevitable—" Hamlet " without the Prince of Denmark.
Nothing but indisposition, and, as we must all hope, a
passing indisposition, prevented Mr. Disraeli from feasting
in Cannon-street and congratulating the Conservative As-
sociation of the City on " their great constitutional triumph
in the Registration Court;" but it was scarcely wise in the
promoters of the banquet not to have made sure of their
leader before determining to celebrate their victory. The
absence of Mr. Disraeli must proyoke speculations. We
a7.4k ourselves what would become of the great Constitu-
tional party without his inspiring genius ? He is their
phrase-maker who weaves for them new symbols of faith
and cries of battle. He is their " medicine-
man," as Mr. Bright aptly called him, always
ready with some fresh and potent incantation
to bytng.down the gods which preside over the constitu-
encies of the kingdom and compel them to fight on his
silo. So gallant in speech and so dauntless in war, there
Inver was a leader for a losing side to match with him
who was unfortunately absent onWednesday evening. Con-
s- bred as a political demonstration, the banquet in Can-
n 'n-street is most remarkable as shewing the modest atti-
ti le the great Constitutional party is, after all content to
.:mme. Mr.. Fowler avowed almost in so many words that
ny had at present nothing to do but watch. They were not
c :!led on to oppose the principles of the Irish Land Bill,
a id the Education Bill- in tie main deserved their sup-
p rt ; but by and by the Ministry might become revolu-
t; mary, and the guardians of the Constitution must hold
t i :Ins'elves ready for action then. Mr. Hardy said the
p -csent position of the Conservative party was to proteet
t'te Ministry against its " Left." Nobody can quarrel
with it for shewing this spirit.