The Sun.
London, England, 1848-04-11 00:00:00

HAMBURGH MA/L.
RUSSIA AND POLAND.—The Konigshurg Gazette con-
tains the following account, dated March 90, which has
of being authentic, from the
every appearance
Russian frontier :—" The bridge at Kownow was
finished on Sunday as the Emperor had com-
manded. In Kownow three divisions of 240,000
men are stationed, who are to enter l'oland
next Sunday, for the Commander-in-Chief cannot come
till these 160,000 men march to Warsaw and the
Austrian frontier, and 50,000 men to the Prussian fron-
tier. The field artillery left for Warsaw on the 26th.
Five Cossacks are still stationed on every post., in order
to escort a gentleman travelling incognito. The Polish
peasants speak of a dreadful irruption of the
French. The streets of Warsaw, where a terrible fire is
still raging at this moment, are mounted by cannon.
The Breslau Gazette says—" It appears from authen-
tic accounts that 16,000 Russian troops entered Czen-
stochaw the day before yesterday, and that a further
body was expected there and in the vicinity. The ma-
nifesto of the Emperor caused the greatest con-
sternation here. The Stadtholder was urged from all
quarters to give an explanation as far as was possible,
and, says the correspondent of the Silesian Gazette,
I pledge my word that the following expression was
made, as if by the Prince Stadtholder, " Within eight
or ten days Europe will witness the spectacle
that three hundred thousand Russian troops will
be concentrated in Warsaw."' Every thing appears to be
going on as usual, bui this apparent calm of Warsaw is
like the calm which precedes a storm."
The Leipzic Gazette contains a letter from St. Peters-
bu:gh, March 23, which says—" An Imperial ukase, of
the 23d, forbids the issue of passports to Russian subjects
going abroad, and that even merchants, who in that
case are generally privileged, will not be allowed to leave
the empire."—Haniburghßorsenhalle, April 6.
A letter in the Aix-la-Chapelle Gazeee says—" That
Sir Charles Napier has been commanded immediately
to set sail with his whole squadron for the Baltic. The
fleet had been lately recalled from the Tagus, where only
a ship of the line is now stationed. It consists of six ships
of the line, and a great number of steam-frigates and
steam-vessels. If we may rely upon assurances from
creditable quarters, the English Cabinet will act de-
cidedly on the part of Prussia on the Polish-Russian
question, and the English fleet is in part destined to
protect the German and Prussian harbours from Russian
aggressioa."—Hamburgh Borsenhalle, April C.

ENGLAND AND PHYSICAL FORCE
CHARTISM.
In a country where the right of petition and of public
meeting, the license of printing and the licentiousness of
speech are unlimited, where everynaale adult possessed of
20L, inaNby the existing franchise, command a eounty
vote, ande door of the constitution is open to at least
three times the number of those who choose to take the
trouble of entering it, sedition must be supported by
the credentials of the most disinterested patriotism, to
make itself at all respectable. But at our present advanced
stage of Tgrelligence, and in the state of implicit mutual
dependence, in which, in our artificial social condition,
we all exist in this country, any man who proposes to
accomplish any political good by means of disorder and
violence can only command credit for his sincerity at
the expOnse of his understanding. Order is the first
law of nature—it is the very life and soul of civil
society. To twenty-eight millions of human beings
eroirded together on two small islands, surrounded
every where by rivals or enemies, and so broken
into civilization' that even the poorest and
the meanest cannot be helped to the supply of his most
ordinary, wants without the assistance of many of his
fellow-subjeets, the peace, regularity, and security of the
movements of every part of the social machinery are as
essential to the stability of the fabric on which all de-
pend, as the harmonious working of bees is necessary
to the existence of the hive. Our soil does not
nearly support our population, increasing now at
the rate of 450,000 souls every year. Our mere
natural and physical resources are totally inadequate
to our subsistence. Our very being depends on manu-
factures and commerce. We are the ministers of the
artificial wants of the world. We cannot, like Antceus,
fall upon our mother earth and gather our strength from
that. Not one-fifth part of our population find employ-
ment in the cultivation of our soil. In the present
year we hare fed nearly six millions of our people
entirely on foreign produce. Three millions of
Irish have been maintained exclusively at the
public cost. The failure of a bank may make a
whole county starve. Send half a dozen manufacturers
into the Gazette, and tens of thousands will be reduced
to ruin. A run for gold in Threadneedle-street, a fall
of IA per cent. in stocks, the bankruptcy of a score of
merchants,. consigns millions to beggary. And of all the
sufferers, the poorest etre the greatest. Those who have
land can fall back upon that—those who have capital, can
take flight with it so long as anything is left. But those
who live from hand to mouth, and exist on wages, who can
get no food without money, and no money without em-
ployment, and no employment without capitalists,'and no
capitalists without credit, who so helpless and destitute
as these, when anarchy and distrust bring the social en-
ginery to a stand still ? If we grant that the French
Revolution was necessary, we must also concede that
it was only a necessary evil. It has transferred
the money market •of the Continent of Europe
from Paris to London. It has driven the
whole available capital of France into our stocks. It
has brought employment, and therefore wages, and
therefore the means of mere physical existence, to a
temporary close in that devoted Republic. The heroic
men of France have lost their capital, and have no
means of conducting manufaceurine. enterprise. Their
powers of production are arrested' by want of money,
and they have, consequently, nothing to sell.
They have no current coin, and they can, there-
fore, buy nothing. Cargoes of produce, chartered
for French ports, have been sent directly to England to
sell for what they would bring. Whole fleets of mer-
chantmen, laden with the raw material of manufacture,
cotton, silk, wool, and leather, have turned helm at
Havre, Toulon, and other Gallic harbours, the moment
their captains heard of the disorders of the Republic,
and steered their ships at once for Liverpool, Bristol,
and Southampton. Upwards of 6,000,000 L of
English money were annually spent in France
by our absentees—as much more was yearly
squandered in the other countries of Europe. These
12,000,000/., and their owners have all been frightened
home. Hosts of wealthy continental foreigners, losing
faith in the stability of their property from the
threatened violence offered by the people, have col-
lected all their money, invested it in our securities,
and are trooping here to spend it among us.
Vast consignments of colonial produce intended for the
continental market are sent on to us, and large orders
for manufactures, originally destined for Germany,
Switzerland, Belgium, and France, have been trans-
ferred to England. Five millions of dishonoured bills
have been returned to the United States alone from
Havre. Trade has no lofty aspirations. Commerce has
no preference for one paper constitution more than an-
other. Money is sordid, timid, and without magnani-
mity. They look to profits alone. Liberty, Equality,
Fraternity, are to them but sounding brass and a
tinkling cymbal, unless they mean security, prompt
payment, and sure
profits. They fly from the
Continent, because
ey
.annot trust it. They
come herebecalui for Frenchsetheythk they are safe. They
refuse to give
Three per Cents., because
they cannot rely upon
is
they
English Three per Cents payment—they give 8
have confidence
in
in their stability. So timid.
mtail,
lase nervous a thing is trade, that in a few months we
of that which made us great, omnipotent,tbe in
Pgnst.sheesswioane
—tho commerce and manufactures of Europe.dinorleenttiroog-
duce order among us, shatter our creditley
security by
fears of violence, destroy confidence in o
threats of rebellion, treason, or the subversion
stability, and the golden opportunity will be elionn,senafpoituart
and trade will fly from us to the United Statesat
masses of our population will suffer an amoubncit theo
misery and permanent disaster, far greater than
t
that which is the lot of any other country in
the world. The majority of the pcpulation of I
every other state, except Holland and Belgium, is
dependent upon the soil, which can never fail them,
whatever other changes may happen. The masses
of our kingdom are as completely dependent upon credit
and commercial security, as the price of Consols, or the
rates of discount at the Bank. France, with her
6,000,000 of yeomen may survive a shock to credit. Eng-
land must sink irredeemably under it. At this moment
we have the ball at our foot. The fine weather is rapidly
reducing the price of food. The returns of the revenue
are less di.•couraging than was anticipated, exhibiting an
increase on the quarter ending on the sth of April, of no
less than 402,57.5 Z In the next three months the in-
crease of consumption from the influx of absentees,
foreigners, and capital, must be materially enlarged, and
it is just at this turning point in our fortunes that the
physical force Chartieta do their best to frighten our
prosperity away from us, by the'open avowal of designs of
treason, disorder, and violence. They import the Celtic fury
ofintiftoetZgehaeorba:d Mitchell, and the cellar martyr (O'Brien),
and regions of the more calculating Saxon,
l'ec"aft martyrsconsiderately warn us that if their Irish patriots
. in Englau in Dublin, the whole Milesian popula-
pumishineut
thelvaill rise en amaze. and revenge on us the
deration. While:um:het; on the heroes of the Confe-
'.of our insular pusitionhoted be enjoying the advantages
profits and the crtdit svillh°nr political neutrality, of the
con-
viction among
of are the material fruits of con-
ilove of order, the most mankindasifireeFussteailboilrittaY:trgeom°dadefabi yt anthosed
_who must inevitably
to saw off the branch on wlTc"ttv,by populyyore ar convulsion
of
onte d
tranquillity, from
top tree that supports it. Tihirl
h the whole trade and
harinOny, and peace, would see us
the greater portion of the capitalsowf
our revenue flourishing—our labo Fope in our hands
afforded breathing time to
ployment—oar middle classes atTaering cia"e6 iullem-
devise and enforce needful reforms and retreneh-
y depri turbulent
vionlent and
merit. Our internal distraction ma
Leese advantages, but encouragpeethtoe
overbearts til:yeaul
spirits of the continent of Europe
tendencies of the Provisional Governmen
our weakness as their opportunity for ''k' pleading
blow at our power, and plunging us with Ireland fatal
hands into a war that must be paid for out of then sweat
nwoeuert
of our toiling masses, and which may so embarrass our
finances as to end in our ruin. The Reform Bill h
. •
' Universal Suffrage, Vote If Ballot, and Annual Ittseriniead
:4; menu, within the reach of the people by peaceable
constitutional, lawful means. Nothing can keep the
•r from them, if they choose patiently to- fight
• hi,attle of the Constitution in the registration Courts.
• T:. power which achieved Free Trade can achieve
a I niversal Franchise. There are thousands of the
loudest bowlers for the Charter, who are qualified
to be registered under the existing law, but refuse
to take the trouble. There are tens of thousands more
who could buy a life-rent charge of 40s. for 101. or
154 but prefer to spout and plot, and pick the pockets
of their gaping dupes, rather than to work out their
political salvation. If we are misgoverned, it is in vain
to deny that, with our present opportunities, it is our