The Sun.
London, England, 1846-11-02 00:00:00

TER SUN, LONDON, MONDAY MORNING, NOVEMBER 2, vile.

public principle, deeply regret the severance of party
ties—who deeply regret that ,wierapee, nut from ',my in-

MEETING OF PARLLIMENT.
decit‘ik.o of the C!ibinf.A: rat the prem•ht crisi

T

11 as was mast

fidolity to party ~n,:;ag(-cients---tio- txistence and main.-
tenahce of a great party—to constitute a powerful in-
strument of government. * * I shall leave a
name execrated by every monopolist, who, from less ho-
nourable motives, maintains protection for his own in-
dividual benefit ; but it may be that I shall leave a name
sometimes remembered with expressions of good will, in
those places which are the abode of men whose lot it
is to labour, and to earn their daily bread by the sweat
of their brow—a name remembered with expressions of
good will, when they shall recruit their exhausted
strength with abundant and untaxed food, the sweeter
because it is no longer leavened by a sense of injustice."
Upon those beautiful and elevated anticipations of
Sir Robert Peel, the reviewer raises a multitude of
whers of a lowering and ominous character ; he dis-
cerns, as the consequence--,f the glorious measures
passed under the auspices of that Prime Minister, the
future misfortune and possibly bankruptcy of this
empire, instead of its prosperity and increasing opu-
lence; and from the repeal of the corn-laws, he looks
forward to the abrogation of other laws yet more inti-
mately blended with the elementary principles of the
constitution. With this trepidation we, of course,
have no sympathy whatever; but from the establish-
ment of free trade we anticipate the correction of other
and still greater blemishes in our Legislature, and, if
that be possible, the ultimate perfection of this triple
Government. We have commented at such length
upon these two most important and attractive articles,
that we have precluded ourselves from any especial
reference to the remainder. We must however in
justice observe, that the one upon "Education," the
one upon the " Cathedral of Cologne," and another
upon "Constantinople in the Fourth Century," are
eminently worthy of a place in this eminent publica-
tion.

ly and, w

I y•bly expect-ed. Parliament is not to /tact unfit ;at,
January. The ports are not to be opened. A more
popular policy than this might be imagined by those who
make popularity the reward of concessions to a prema-
ture clamour and submission to an over-estimated neces-
sity. But those who judge of a Government's actions
by its adherence to solemn obligations, and its apprecia-
tion of circumstances, will hesitate before they accuse
the Cabinet of delay, obstinacy, or injustice. To the
first proposal, which the present state of things has
elicited, viz., that of convoking Paraament, there are
many and obvious objections. For, to put aside the
most important one, which is founded on the .pro-
spect of a certain supply of food for the empire, it is
evident that Parliament could not be summoned
without causing the greatest embarrassment to
those for whose especial behoof it was proposed that
it should assemble. The unhappy state of Ireland
urgently requires the presence of its representatives.
Their sphere of action is in their counties and boroughs,
not in London. It is their immediate business to act,
not to talk. They have most momentous duties to per-
form ; but these are provincial, not metropolitan ; local,
not Parliamentary. To console the desponding, and
stimulate the indi dent among their own neighbours—to
as ist in the collection, and superintend the disposal of
funds—to encourage the prosecution of useful, and dis-
courage the jobbery in unprofitable, works—to regulate
the payment of just, and repress the exaction of immo-
derate wages—to facilitate the purchase, and prevent the
plunder of provisions—to subdue violence, combinations,
and menace—to mitigate an undoubted calamity, and
diminish its probable consequences;— these are now
the first duties of the Irish gentlemen. To neglect
such duties for the opportunity of talking in St.
Stephen's would, under any circumstances, be an
Act of questionable policy ;—but now that Lord
Besborough has by the exercise of a rational vigour
solved the problem of statutory difficulties, it would be
one of gross folly and unpardonable rashness. Ireland

DUTCH PAPERS.
THE HAGUE, OCT. 26.—Tne Second Chamber of the
States-General had a public meeting to-day, in which
Mr. Bruce presided. The President announced that the
committee for drawing up an answer to the speech from
the Throne had considered -the objections made in the
Sections, and had in consequence re-examined the draft
of the treaty. The President added, that the document
was or would be distributed among the members, and
that the discussion of it might be put upon the order of
the day for to-morrow (Tuesday) et ten o'clock in the
forenoon, which was agr.,ed to.
In the sitting of the Second Chamber of the States-
General on Saturday, a Royal Message was brought in
accompanying a project of law for the purpose of in-
demnifying persons who have lost bonds upon the
Treasury.
A message front his Exeellency the Minister of Fo-
reign Affairs transmitted to the Chamber a copy of
the Treaty of Commerce and Navigation concluded on
the 29th of July between the Netherlands and Bel-

cannot at this moment afford to lose one citizen of pro-
perty, station, or character. She claims the services of
each of her sons who has a heart for sympathy or a head
for counsel. The evils under which she labours are such
as demand legislative interference far less than personal
and distributive activity ; and the crisis is one where a
man who might be worse than useless in Parliament
may do the very greatest quantity of good in his own
barony or parish. So much for the further prorogation
of Parliament. An equal amount of justification may
be urged for the conduct of the Ministry in their non-
remission of the corn duty. We are not unaware that
an apprehension has prevailed for some weeks past of a
coming dearth. We ourselves shared the alarm. But

the danger is now no longer imminent. Not only
private advices, the tenour of which had become
generally known within the last few days,
but the public accounts recently received from
America, ar• such as to remove very much
of the uneasiness that has been felt as to the pro-
spective supply of wheat and flour. In the granaries of
New York is stored an abundance of grain, awaiting
only the impulse of speculation to be discharged upon
our shores. Such an impulse will be given by the no-
toriety of our duties having reached their lowest point.
That any delay in transmitting the hoarded treasures
hither will be caused by a hope that our present duty
will be abrogated is shown to be highly improbable by
the declension which en abundant supply has already
caused in the prices of the American market. The
eager avidity for selling dearly has already given way to
the more prudent desire of selling at any obtainable
price. Competition has dulled the appetite for exces-
sive gains on the other side of the Atlantic at the very
time that the detected affluence of our own resources
has deadened the edge of speculation here. Instead of
advancing, our home prices have already begun to de-
cline. We do not, indeed, anticipate such a retrograde
movement as shall raise the duty above its
present point; but there appears every reason for
concluding that the rise in the value of wheat will
not be so rapid as was once anticipated. Indepen-
dently of the influx from America, speculators talk of
corn at Hamburgh, and other ports, which, on a proper
occasion, can be doled out to the necessities of the En-
glish buyer. Whether this opportunity is likely soon to
occur or not, we leave to be decided by those who will
• take the trouble to compare the prices of the last with
those of the present year. Now these, on mere money
calculations, give an average much higher than the pre-
sent. But this does net constitute the only, nor even the
essential, difference between the two years. A great
I proportion of the wheat sent to market last year was of
a very inferior description. The bulk of this year's
yield, on the contrary, is of an excellent quality. Last
year we paid for a mixture of good and bad considerably
more than we paid during the same period in 1844 and
1843. This year we are paying for good wheat some-
thing less than we paid for bad in November of last year.
Nor does this consideration limit the difference between
the two periods. Fears were entertained in 1845 that
the obstacle of high and vacillating duties might inter-
cept the introduction of foreign corn till the winter
should prevent its transmission across the Atlantic.
More than this, the potato blight of 1845 was an unan-
ticipated visitation. No man—no Minister was prepared
for it. It came upon all unawares. No grain-merchants
—no millers—no meal-dealers were in the field to
soften the rigours of sudden scarcity. But this year the
case is widely different. The duty on corn cannot
ascend so high as to prohibit importation, under any cir-
cumstances ; and there seems every reason for believing
that it will remain where it is for several weeks to come.
Again, the potato blight has been foreseen for months ;

glum.

AMSTERDAM, OCT. 24.—We are happy to announce
that the number of patients that have been brought into
the two hospitals of this city begins to be on the de-
crease. From the 10th to the 16th Oct., 425 patients
were admitted ; and, in the last week, from the 17th to
the 25th inclusive, only 386, being a decrease of 39.
Letters from Rome. of the 12th instant, state that her
Majesty the Queen of the Netherlands had been com-
plimented, in the name of the Pope, by Cardinal Gizzi,

the Secretary of State ; and on that day his Royal High-
ness Prince Alexander, her Majesty's son, had paid a
visit to his Holiness.

Bois LB Duc, OCT. 23.—Here, too, people begin to
speak of emigrating to America, so that several artisans
varions crafts have already made preparation, but
hitherto none of the better classes have applied to the
magistrates for permission to emigrate, as being obliged
to leave the country for want of means of support.
Muracir, OCT. 19.—For three days past we have had

in our vicinity a great degree of heat, mpst extraordinary
for the month of October, which appeared to forebode
the approach of an atmospheric phenomenon. In fact,
we have received from the mountains the news that a
terrible hurricane visited the valley of Schledorf ; the
roofs of the houses were can ied cif, the church and the
houses razed to their foundat!on. A panic sem d the
inhabitants, who sought refuge in the cellars, when sud-
denly a fire broke out in every part of the village, and
in a short time there was not a single house, or even a
cottage, that was not consumed' by the fury of the ele-
ments. The village is entirely razed to the ground, the
neighbouring forest is on fire, and the flames can be seen
from the gates of the capital. We have not received the
particulars, but there is every reason to suppose that the
calamity is not confined to the village of Schledorf, but
that others have experienced a similar fate.
PEISTR. OCT. 18.—The health of the Archnke Pala.
tine is very fluctuating, and the accounts, even on one
and the same day, are most conflicting and contradic-
tory. At all events, the state of his Imperial Highness
is such as to excite the greatest apprehensions. The
bulletin which has just been issued is as follows:—" The
more calm state of his Imperial Highness on the night of
the 17th, continued throughout the whole of yesterday,
when the usual symptoms abated, and the patient was
comparatively well and cheerful, till late in the evening.
The prostration of strength, however, still continues. In
the night of the 18th his sleep, which otherwise was
quiet, was frequently interrupted by the effects of the
medicine. On the morning of the 18th his Imperial
Highness was nearly in the same state as yesterday
morning.—Signed, OFEN. Oct. 18, nine o'clock, A.m."—
Allyemeine Zeitung, Oct. 23.

if due preparations Have not been made to mollify its
severity, the fault does not rest, and certainly the remedy
does not depend, upon Parliament or the Government.
Both of them have done their duty in giving free ad-
mission to the only substitute obtainable in place of the
blighted root. Nor could both of them together ease
one hundredth part of the misery which now presses
upon Ireland, by repealing the duty on an article of sub-
sistence, which not one Irishman in five hundred could
have the means of purchasing. On the whole, then, we
think that moderate and thoughtful men of all classes
will acquit the Cabinet of an impolitic obstinacy or a
heartless indifference to the sufferings of our Celtic
brethren ; and at the same time will give them credit for
justice and consistency. In our opinion, Ministers hare
done well in declining to purchase an equivoc-d popu-
larity by fomenting a groundless panic ; and opposing to
the allurements of party the firmness of principle and the
obligations of a solemn contract.—Times.

EAST INDIA AND CHINA ASSO-

CIATION.

The following letter has been furnished by'the East
India and China Association:—

" 13, Austin-friars, London, Oct. 28.
" Sir,—l beg leave to acquaint you, for the informa-
tion of the London, East India, and China Association,
that I have received advices from Mr. Brooke, dated the
31st of August last, from which it appears that Borneo
affairs are at length progressing satisfactorily. Sub-
sequently to the demonstration recently made by
Rear-Admiral Sir Thomas Cochrane at Borneo Proper,
Mr. Brooke very prudently resolved not to reject
any proper overtures from the Sultan; the latter (having
returned to the city of Brur.l) has consequently ad-
dressed a very penitential letter to her Mejasty, craving
pardon and oblivion of the past, and containing
many assurances of future good behaviour. The Sultan
has also ratified all his former engagements, so that on
Sir Thomas Cochrane's taking possession of Lahuan, in
conformity with the instructions forwarded to him by
direction of Lord Palmerston, per overland mail of July
last, her Majesty's Governmeut have now no obstacle
whatever to render any further delay in forming a British
settlement on that important island requisite.
" You will be gratified to learn thas the survivors of
the Rajah Muda Hassim's family are located at Sarawak,
under Mr. Brooke's protection.—l am, Sir, your obedient
servant,

THE WHEAT CROP of SOUTHERN

RUSSIA.

ODESSA, SEPT. 18.—Whilst a part, of Europe is
menaced with famine, all accounts from Podolia and the
Ukraine are unanimous in announcing that the wheat
crop of this year is one of the most abundant that ever
was recollected. The letters from the other parts of
the vast Russian empire are likewise favourable, with
the exception of the country of the Steppes, that is the dry
land in the neighbourhood of Odessa, and of the Crimea,
and the vast plains to the north of the sea of Azof,
where the harvest has proved a total failure. But the
Crops in the Steppes have never had anyinfluence on
the value of corn in this city. The principal stock of
wheat is brought from the ancient Polish provinces,
where, the land being damp and the soil wet, a warm
summer is considered an advantage. But if southern
Russia, with its immense stock of wheat, has not hitherto
come to the assistance of the suffering countries of
western Europe, the cause is owing solely to the great
difficulty of finding shipping to convey it, and the con-
sequent high rates of freights. The roads which lead
from the Ukraine to Odessa are horribly neglected, and
particularly at this moment, after a long continuance of
heavy rains.

"HENRY WISE, Agent for James Brooke, Esq.
' To John Stikeman, Esq., Secretary of the London,
•
East India, and China Association."

THE FOREIGN MAILS
ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE MONTH.
The following notice relative to the departure of the
India and other foreign mails for the ensuing month
was on Friday issued at the chief office, St,. Martin's-le-
Grand :

THE INDIA MAILS.--Mails for Gibraltar, Malta,
Greece, the lonian Islands, Egypt, India, Ceylon, China,
&c., vid Southampton, will be dispatched from hence on
the 3d and 20th of Nov( tuber.
INDIA, &c. (Overland).—Mails for the Mediterranean,
Egypt, India, Ceylon, China, &c., via Marseilles, will
be dispatched from hence on the 7th and 24th of No-
vember.

We understand that the Earl of Stair has got the
Green Ribbon of the most ancient Order of the Thistle,
scant by die death of the Marquis of Ailsa.—Caledonian
fercury.
RUNNING MATCH FOR 201.—0 n Friday the 300
yards' race, between Collins, of London, and Marks, of
Hampstead, was run on the Hampstead heath, and, after
a good race, the latter won.
SEIZURE OF AN ILLICIT STILL.—On Monday last,
Thsp• ctor Falconer, of the Thames Police, and who is
also a revenue officer, received information that a pri-
vate still, on a very arge scale, was at work at a house,
No. 1, Grove-street, Deptford, he consequently pro-
ceeded with a party of men to the premises, which pre-
sented the appearance of a very handsome mansion,
with stables, coach-house, lawn, meadow, &c., and pay-
ing, as he learned, the sum of? 75/. per annum. After
some difficulty, Mr. Falconer obtained access to the
premises, when, in the kitchen, he found a still which
was capable of containing upwards of sixty gallons of
wash, with worm attached, in a most perfect state,
and presenting the appearance of having been recently
worked. The inspector's impression was, that the place
had been abandoned only on the preceding day, in con-
sequence, as he presumed, of some suspicion having
been excited. He also found a great number of casks,
one of which ;contained a large quantity of wash which
they had omitted to destroy, together with mea,ures of
every size, and all the apparatus of a complete establish-
ment. The only person found upon the premises was a
woman named Knatt, who stated that she was servant
to Mr. Jones, slop seller, in high•street, Shadwell, by
whom she said the house was at present rented. She
added that part of the furniture belonged to Mr. Jones,
and another part to a lodger, who was not then at
home. Mr. Falconer removed the still to the Excise-
office, and then waited on Mr. Jones, who admitted that
he rented the house from Mr. Ferguson, of Blackwell,
but added that he had sublet a part of it to a lodger,
who had kept him out of the premises for the last four
weeks, and he supposed that person had set up the
still, but he was not cognisant of the fact of its being on
the premises until that moment. The Board of Excise
will no doubt inquire further into this affair.

The Achilles, with the India, &c., mails of the 3d of
November, will sail from Southampton.
PENINSULAR MAILS.—Mails for Vigo, Oporto, L -
bon, Cadiz, will he dispatched on the 7th, 17th, and 27th
of November.

The Peninsula steam-packets will not call at Corunna,
either in their honiewa,d or outward voyage during the
winter months of November, December, January, and
on the sth of November.
BUENOS
MADEIRA,
BRAZILS, AND BUENOS A.YRES.—MaiIs will
February.6e
dispatched
Her Majesty's brig Peterel, with the Madeira mails
of the sth of November, will sail from Falmouth.
The Royal Tar, with the Peninsular mails of the 7th
of November, will sail from Southampton.
THE WEST INDIAN MAILS. —The mails for the British
and foreign colonies in the West Indies, with Venezuela
and Maltese, wi:l be dispatched on the 2d and 17th of
November.
The mails of the 2d of November will includend p
theorsue,
New G
for Mexico, Honduras, and Havannah, but the mails
No.
lsof
the 17th will not.
The mails of the 17th of November will include those
forßermreundada,aS, San
Nicaragua,nnJeuhaangrdees;butthose of the 2d
Chili, and
vember will not.
The Medway, with the West India mails, sails from
Southampton.
SYDNEY, NEW SOUTH WALES, &c.—The mails will
be dispatched on the 30th of November.
AMERICA, &c.—Mails for British North America,
Bermuda, and the United States, will be dispatched on
the 3d and 18th of November.
CALAIS AND OSTEND.—MaiIs will be dispatched daily
(Sundays excepted).
HOLLAND.—MaiIs will be dispatched every Wednesday
and Saturday.
HAMBURGH.—MaiIs dispatched every Tuesday and
Friday.

TFIE SEWERS COMMISSION FOR HOLBORN AND r
olborn and Finsbury
a full Court of the
' clock,th e
ms..
cßUoßtnYm.—issOionneFrriidoafys,,,„avitertswof,,or
division, which comprises the parishes of Clerkenwell,
St. Pancras, Islington, &e., was held at the offices of the
Commissioners, Hatton-garden, to consider the report of
the Commissioners for general purposes on works re-
quiring immediate execution; to receive the report of
the same, of moneys paid and contracts entered into;
also to receive their report on works and matters recom-
mended to them to be executed up to the 29th of Sep-
tember last, and to make a rate in both divisions. The
report being agreed to, the items of expenditure for the
last quarter were laid before the Court, which amounted
to 5,4111. The Chairman then communicated that the
board of directors of St. Pancras had applied for per-
mission to build a sewer along the King's-road, in front
of the workhouse, and to have a communication with it
from the workhouse. This would cost about 2901., to-
wards which the directors would advance 2001. The
application was unanimously agreed to, as was a propo-
sition to cover the Fleet river with an arch to the extent
of 645 feet. After the termination of other routine
business, a rate of 6d. in the pound on the poor-rate
rental was agreed to.

FOREIGN PROVISIONS.—The most diversified cargo
perhaps yet brought into the port of London since the
passing of the New Tariff 13111 is that of the Emerald
steamer, which arrived from Boulogne on Friday even-
ing, after a most rapid passage, the state of the weather
being taken into consideration. There were placed on
board :at Boulogne 9 heifers, 30 sucking pigs, 4 live
foxes, a case full of live, turkeys (consigned to a Jewish
firm for an especial ceremony), 120 cases of turkeys,
ducks, pigeons, snipes, and geese, killed. There were
also on board 200 cases of wines. 112 butts of currants,
weighing 25 cwt. each; 12 sacks of potatoes, 54 sacks
of walnuts, about 200 cases of silks, wines, merinoes,
ribbons, clocks, &c. In all, the Emerald brought about
220 tons of rich and valuable manufactured goods and
produce.. The Custom-house authorities rendered most
efficient aid, at the request of Captain Tune, to land the
live stock, the silks, and the fruits on board. The last-
mentioned were a large proportion of that saved from the
Marchioness of Bute, which was wrecked a few days
back, about three miles from the pier of Boulogne. Most
of the butts of currants were in a high state of preserva-
tion. When the Emerald left Boulogne, there were com-
paratively speaking, but few English

IRELAND.

,01ZD JOI-114; 1

L LEIN Yi

-

.Ihc Law, fetter
appears i❑ the Evening Post just pub:lshed:
"Downing-itreet, Oct. 17, 1846.
" My dear Duke,—The Royal Agricultural Society,
of which you are the head, sent a deputation not long
ago to the Lord-Lieutenant, representing that instead of
public works of an unprofitable nature, the baronies
should have power to undertak works of a useful and
profirabk nature. It had been our hope and expecta-
tion that landed proprietors would have commenced
works of drainage and other improvements on their own
account; thus employing the people on their own es-
tates. and rendering the land more productive for the fu-
ture. In that case it would have been only the surplus
labour which would have been employed on roads and
other works not immediately profitable.
" The Act, however, was put in operation in the ba-
ronies in a spirit the reverse of that which I have de-
scribed. It was taken for granted that the public works
were the chief objects to be regarded, and proprietors
began to calculate, that as so large a sum was to be re-
paid from their estates, they should not be able to com-
mence, or even to continue, private enterprises for the
improvement of their own lands.
" When the case was brought before the Government
by the Lord-Lieutenant, we lamented the wrong direc-
tion in which the Act had been turned ; but, admitting
the necessity of the case, and anxious to obtain the
willing co-operation of the landlords, we authorised the
Lord-Lieutenant to deviate from the letter of the law,
and gave our sanction for advances for useful and profit-
able works of a private nature, But, after having in-
curred this responsibility, I am sorry to see that, in
several parts of Ireland, calls are made upon the Go-
vernment to undertake and perform tasks which are
beyond the power and apart from the duties of Govern-
ment.

"For instance, it seems to be expected that we should
not only pay at an unusual rate of wages, but that we
should maintain, in this time of scarcity, the usual price of
food. A moment's thought will show that this is impos-
sible. A smaller quantity of food is to be divided among
the same number of human beings. It must be scarcer
—it must be dearer. Any attempt to feed one class of
the people of the United Kingdom by the Government
would, if successful, starve another part—would feed the
producers of potatoes, which had failed, by starving the
producers of wheat, barley, and oats, which had not
failed. All that we have undertaken with regard to
food, therefore, is to endeavour to create a provision
trade, at fair mercantile prices, In here no provision trade
has hitherto existed, and where, without assistance, none
might be willing to undertake a new and unpopular oc-
cupation.
"But that which is not possible by a government is
possible by individual and social exertions. Every one
who travels through Ireland observes the large stacks of
corn, which are the produce of the late harvest. There
is nothing to prevent the purchase of grain by proprie-
tors or by committees, and the disposal of these supplies
in shops furnished on purpose with flour at a fair price,
with a moderate profit. This has been done, lam as-
sured, in parts of the Highlands of Scotland, where the
failure of the potatoes has been as great and as severe a
calamity as it has been in Ireland.
" There is, no doubt, some inconveniences attending
even these modes of interference with the market price
of food. But the good overbalances the evil. Local
committees, or agents of landowners, can ascertain the

pressure of distress, measure the wants of a district,

and prevent waste or misapplication. Besides, the
general effect is to bring men together and induce them
to exert their energy in a social effort directed to one
spot ; whereas the interference of the State deadens
private energy, prevents forethought—and, after super-
seding all other exertion, finds itself at last unequal to
the gigantic task it has undertaken.
" There are other questions, however, extending
beyond the exigency of the day, which, it seems to me,
demand the attention of the landed proprietors of Ireland
much more than that of the Government.

" It has been calculated that one-fifth of the cultivated
land in Ireland has hitherto produced potatoes. After
the present lamentable failure, what course is to be
taken? Some men of science deem that the potato can
no longer be relied upon as an article of food; others say
that time may remove the disease. The editor of the
Gardener's Chronicle states, that the explanation of the
potato disease, founded on the hypothesis of some un-
known miasma, cannot be accepted as satisfactory; but
neither can it be rejected, seeing how signally all other
explanations have failed. Seeing, then, that science fur-
nishes us with no means of estimating the effects of the
prevalent disease upon the potato plant in future years,
it would be impossible for the Government, with any
propriety, to give any advice to the owners or occupiers
of land in Ireland. They must form their own conclu-
sions from the facts that are known, and the experience
of the present and past years.
" It is clear, however, that potatoes cannot be relied
upon as they have been hitherto. A cottier cannot
hope to be able to pay a large rent for con-acre, and
the farmer cannot hope to obtain the cottier's labour
by allowing him land for potatoes, which may,
probably, fail. It is, therefore, a most important ques-
tion for the people of Ireland in what manner the de-
ficiency of food is in future to be supplied. The nature
of the grain or root which is best adapted for this pur-
pose—the course of husbandry which ought to be fol-
lowed—the means of procuring seed—all these are im-
portant problems, to which the attention of the Agri-
cultural Society of Ireland cannot too soon be directed.
" One thing is certain—in order to enablo Ireland to
maintain her population her agriculture must be
greatly improved. Cattle, corn, poultry, pigs, eggs
butter, and salt provisions, have been, and will, probably,
continue to be her chief articles of export. But beyond
the food exchanged for clothing and colonial products,
she will require in future a large supply of food of her
own growth or produce, which the labourer should be
able to buy with his wages. In effecting this great
change, much good may ultimately be done. But, un-
less all classes co-operate, and meet the infliction of
Providence with fortitude and energy, the loss of the
potato will only aggravate the woes and sufferings of
Ireland.

" Such, then, is the great lesson which, by the influ-
ence of the higher classes, and of such good landlords as
yourself, may be taught to the Irish people. They
should be taught to take advantage of the favourable
condition of their soil and surrounding sea ;• to work
patiently for themselves in their own country as they
work in London and Liverpool for their employers ;
to study economy, cleanliness, and the value of time ;
to aim at improving the condition of themselves and
their children.

" I would here conclude this letter, which is already
too long, but I cannot do so without expressing my con-
viction that there is every disposition in persons of pro-
perty in Ireland to meet their difficulties fairly, and sub-
mit to any sacrifices which the public good may require.
"I remain, my dear Duke, yours very Piithfully,
(Signed) "J. RUSSELL."
" His Grace the Duke of Leinster, &c."
SCARCITY IN CORK,
The gentlemen appointed at the Fermoy meeting on
Friday last to wait upon the Lord-Lieutenant, with re-
solutions adored on that occasion, met to-day at the
IMperial Hotel. Mr. O'Connell presided. Your re-
porter attended, but was informed the meeting was
private, and that it was not the intention of the deputa-
tion to proceed to the Viceregal Lodge until to-morrow.
THE ANTI-RUSSELL MANIA.
The Rev. Thomas Hardiman, parish priest of Kil-
meena, in the archdiocese of Tuam, thus concludes an
epistle laudatory of his own exertions in mitigating the
poverty of the people:—
" At all events, if my poor people be doomed to die of
starvation, as in all appearance they are, my hands shall
be innocent of their blood. I shall not venture to deci•
mate them, unless there be at least 300 allowed for Half-
parish, and 600 for Kilmeena. And, as the long-
threatened new works are in play, 5,000 men a day arc
as little as can be safely named for work in this dis-
trict. In fact, I could not except five men out of the
general roll of distress in the whole length and breadth
of this parish. Only that I know it is useless to
appeal to the powers that be,' I would warn them, not
to tamely look on any longer whilst thousands are
starving, unheeded, and I believe I may add, un-
pitied too. But experience proves that our rulers care
nothing about us. They have ears and hear not;'
but perhaps our destitution is only imaginary, and our
hunger merely hypochondriac—all caused by, our native
indolence in not having prop"rly masticated and duly
digested the only tonic fit for an Irish stomach; namely,
our illustli )us countryman' on political economy
So says Sir Randolph. Oh I give me that great Tory
chief, with all his political sins upon his head, to grasp
the helm at this dreadful crisis with his master- hand,
and I will then hope that we shall weather the storm.
But,lconfess that my heart sinks to think that the noblest
people on God's earth are at this moment at the mercy
of a set of political jugglers, who seem to have no mercy
whatever for them. And rest assured, Sir, that mine is
no solitary voice ; I only give feeble expression to the
general dissatisfaction, if not absolute disgust, that is
felt at the cruel procrastinating policy pursued by the
Whig Government on both sides of the Channel. And
I should not be at all surprised if, before long, a univer-
sal cry be raised from end to end of Ireland, calling on
Sir R. Peel to take the reins of power into his hands
again, and thus save the nation from destruction.
" THOMAS HARDIMAN, Administrator."
STATE OF THE PROVINCES.
A " stop-press" of the King's County Chronicle of
yesterday thus announces a rather formidable outbreak