The Sun.
London, England, 1846-03-09 00:00:00

Itn/0

LONDON, MONDAY, MARCH 9, 1816.

The resolutions which relate to wheat, barley, oats, rye,
peril, and beans, and their respective meals, as also those
which relate to buck-wheat, maize, maize-meal, and rice,
hm-e; now been passed, and the Bill which is to regulate
her ceforth the import duties on there articles of food will be
brought in on this evening. The course which has been
tek,-,n by the protectionists with regard to the various
arm odments of Mr. Smicram, Mr. Mmeas, and ethers, has
uner:pectedly expedited the progress of Sir R. PEEL'S
Inviure very greatly. They will have either the present protec-
tion or none ; they resist Sir R. PEEL'S measures in this spirit,
awl with the intintico, if the measures pass, of ondevrettring

to get them rei,ealed and to comeback to the state of things
now ; they will not, therefore, be parties in any degree to any
change, by supporting any modifications of Sir ROBERT
PEEL'S proposals, and they wash their bands of all amend-
ments. When Mr. STANLET'S krnendment, on Friday, was
supposed to be on the point of coming to a division, it was
amusing to see the protectionist phalanx wheeling
out of the House in compact body. Well, we are
quite ready to compound for the protectionists' chance
of getting protection back stain hereafter by their
adoption of a course now which so materially facili-
tates the speedy enactment of Sir R. PEEL'S proposals•
Once let Sir R. PEEL'S measure become the law of the land'
and we wish the protectionists may get it rescinded. They
look to a dissolution, infatuated men ! Let them depend on
it that every week, nay every day which passes,increases the
force of public opinion in favor of free trade, and brings its
aid towards the future verification of Mr. COBDEN'S predic-
tion as to the result of an appeal to the country.
The course which the protectionist party are taking in the
Commons will, we presume, also be taken hereafter in the
Lords; and if so, we get rid of a danger which has hitherto
been present to our minds, of some modification in the Upper
House which might cause the ejection of the Bill alto-
ther. There is now, however, no doubt that the protec-
tionist party are committed to abstaining altogether from
support of amendments; and this being so, all doubt about
the fate of the Bill in the Upper House is removed. We re-
. peat a statement which we made some days ago, that calcu-
lations, by persons most competent to form an opinion, make
a majority of at least thiry for the Government in the House
of Lords.

The Austrian Government is said to be a paternal Govern-
ment, watching over the people with more than a father's
care, chastising them only when they are in error, treating
them with great kindness when they continue in the beaten
tract, but punishing them with severity when they venture
to think that they are wiser than their rulers, or that they
are in any way capable of self-government, or judging for
themselves. If this is paternal government, England may well
congratulate herself that she knows not its blessings, and
that by disobedience to its precepts she has emancipated
herself from the thraldom of priests, banished a race of
kings calling themselves the fathers of their people, and
established a system of government, which has raised her
to the highest pitch of power, and made her the envy of
the world. But despotism is so attractive to those in office,
that it is never given up but by force, and Austria,
which knows that by force alone it can be retained, has
taken care to keep herself fully pres.ared by a large army
and its peculiar distribution to put down every attempt to
wrest absolute dominion from her hands. Nothing but this
consciousness of power could have induced the First Chan-
cellor at Vienna to issue a tyrannical edict against the new
German religion. Never even in the darkest ages, or during
the Reformation, when the Catholic Church was struggling
for its very existence, did there appear such a wanton attack
upon the freedom of thought, or such a determination to put
down new doctrines by main force and persecution, as
this attempt of the Court of Austria to destroy RONGE
and his followers. The document, which appears in the
Cologne Gazette, announces that the Catholics calling
themselves German, not forming part of any religious com-
munity acknowledged in the Austrian monarchy, are an il-
legal association, and have no right of domicile in the em-
pire. Those who compose it are to be punished as crimi-
nals in case of any breach of certain articles of the code re-
lative to the rights of the Church. Foreigners professing
the neve doctrines, if they enter the country without
the permission of the Austrian Minister residing at
their respective courts, are immediately to be expelled—
in other wards, they.will not be suffered to enter the country.
Foreigners residing in Austria professing these doctrines
shall be ordered to quit the country without delay, and
article 6th provides that in case of the death of any one of
these sectaries no funeral ceremony shall be performed, un-
less the priests of the church to which he belonged shall
have given their consent, and the body shall be buried in
silence through the intervention ofthe civil authorities. And in
the event of any Austrian functionary adopting the new
doctrine, he shall be immediately proscribed and removed
from office. But vain are all these safeguards for
the Catholic faith. They have already been tried,
and at every trial they only added fuel to the flame.
All this, however, is in perfect keeping with the
dull, despotic, and deadening policy which has so
long prevailed in the Aulic councils, and they have reaped
the fruits. It led to the defeat of every Austrian army
when it came in contact with the French under the Re-
public, the Consulate, and the Empire, and it bids fair to
dissolve the heterogeneous mass of states now kept in sub-
; jection by 3.lterrEnserm, solely front the fear of banishment,
perpetual imprisonment, or death.

If we could have counselled Mr. ETWALL with hope of
success, we should have said,--" Let the Andover Union
wait till the Corn Bill has got through the House of Com-
mons." It meat be allowed, however, in justice to the Hon.
Member for Andover, that he expressed his readiness to post-
pone his motion, if other Hon. Members who had notices
after his would also postpone theirs, in order to allow the
Committee on the commercial resolutions to come on. Mr.
NEWDEGATE expressed his determination to bring on his
motion for inquiry into the proceedings in the Warwickshire
stsseetr.ae,„ it 0., night was to be occupied, to
the exclusion of free-trade, tho Hououraute Member for An-
dover had as much right to the night as the Member for
Warwickshire ; and there is no comparison in respect of
importance between the two motions. We yield to none,
and have shown it often, in desire for the success, and the
F speedy success, of Sir R. Pext.'a measures; but that does
not bUnd us to the importance of the questions raised on
Thurs. lay night, as to the mismanagement in the Andover
Mika 1, the extraordinary mode in which the Poor. law
Cone nissioners obstructed the inquiry which they had
the] r selves instituted, and their peculiar treatment of the
As& slant-Commissioner who conducted the inquiry,
Mr. PARKER. There is no reason why the ad-
vel se division of Thursday should in any way injure the
@a use of free trade. There is no connexion between the two
qi lestione. As to the decision which is said to have been
to sated against the Government by the protectionists, it
sr Ay be so or it may not. If it be, we have only
to say that the votes of gentlemen, given
ag must the Government from pique, are worth as much as
if rven (as they would have been given last session) for the
Gl evernment, for no other reason than to help the Govern-
in !tut, and equally without regard to the merits of the case.
it we have taken some trouble to analyse the division ; and
we . find that in the majority of 92 for Mr. Citaisnes amend-
,:nt (on which the division took place) there were no less
a an 38 Members from the Liberal side, and among them
S( one most zealous free-traders, that some Conser-
vative Members who support Sir ROBERT PEEL, as
iv JOHN HAMMER, Mr. Alderman COPELAND,. and Mr.
1 ;01)13 tr, were also in the majority, and that a large
propcltion of, the Conservative Members, who voted against
the G overnment, have always been consistent opponents of
the P•ooreCaw Commissioners.
Tb .e unaveimity of the speakers in favour of inquiry into
tint treatment of Mr. PARKE& is a much stronger and more
st ri}eing. proof of its propriety than the majority of
o ,tes. Every one who rose, with the single exception of
S JA sins GRAHAM, treated inquiry as imperatively
twee:mai y, and if it had been necessary before, Sir
JAMi os GitAxAm's speech, as Mr. lluj observed, made the
nece: tit y stronger. Sir JAMES GRAHAM vindicated Mr.
PAR MR'S dismissal, by charging him generally with indis-
creti NI and insubordination. Specific instances in support of
thes• ; general charges Sir J. Gnatibi avoided mentioning.
Mr. PARKER, after ten years' service in the Poor-law Com-
miss ion, having received curing that service many marks of
the s tpproiiation of his superiors, is dismissed without cause
assig nod, but under circumstances calculated to give rise
to a; 1 sorts of suspiciOns and imputations; he is thrown
back upon his profession, under great disadvantages;
and the Home Secretary having an opportunity, in the
How eof Commons, of explaining the reason of Mr. PA RK sn's
disini ssal, if he does not choose to allow the House of Com-
mons to inquire into it, gives no explanation, deals still in
genes al charges only, adds some general charges of his own,
as if anxious to add to the load of disadvantage under which
Mr. PARKER has been compelled to return to the legal pro-
les si ip e and refuses inquiry. We shall now ascertain, we
presr cite, the specific complaints against Mr. PARKER.

T 1 le Poor-law Commissioners claim, it appears, the
pore r of removing these Assistant-Commissioners. The
divisi ;on of Thursday has settled that question. But if the
lions eof Commons had sanctioned such a claim, we say
that there would have been an end to all chance of
procn ring men of character and independence to fill the
office of Assistant-Commissioner. The Assistant-Commis-
alone, 2 are generally taken from the bar ; and among thin
are r .any members of the bar of high standing and reputa-
tion Mr. PARKER'S treatment might hare been theirs, if
the Ge, venament had had a majority.

rjrnvert tment is evidently convinced of the necessity which
• exists ft, r some immediate settlement of the great commercial
.question now before Parliament ; it perceives the injurious
consequ sums which must inevitably result to a nation so pe-
,!uliavly mercantile as Great Britain from any protracted
del:ra t 3 - i a the transition of its commercial policy. That mg
of
C.o,Ametmioonnosf;
tract 'ii :, t ,oth internal and international, is clogged by the non-
►
of
let continue in a state tthhea measures
agriculturalea ures n
andfiltering
manufacturingthrough the
11 )BERT PEEL'S propositionsof
comparative
at all wholesome T%
t( mant-farmers, or the industortaln*
n ecessity, remain almost in industry
dlis t Rouse
ry
torpor until Sir
competition,
have passed into a law; and
, either among merchants, or
complete
generally, will, by
r retection is actually, as well p.lete stagnation until
as virtually de u
defunct, is cc,
1 na P
wledged by the very Ministerial pros ect upon , - which ----
t he future proceedings of the representatives prospectus
rQga-
/ stet]. The Prime Minister has intimated his determination
t o impel the various clauses of his statement, relating par-
t iCUlarly to food, through the lower House, and to give them
his impulsion likewise, as vigorously, as earnestly, and ,3
Si medily as circumstances will permit. In proof of his
Si 2 cerity in this announcement Sir ROBERT PEEL brings
fo til -ard his scheme of "Customs and Corn Importation" this
e' ten ing before the Committee, resolved that no single wove-
n ism; which is available shall be neglected, and brought to
t his re, solution, without doubt, as mach from a knowledge of
t / to evil's which would arise from any postponement,
8 s from a conviction of the blessings which would
1 I like manner -flow from a speedy acceptance
( ,f his measures. Upon a position of affairs, there-
-4.m, 0 propitious to the FJ44Oa people, II aro most

heartily rejoiced. We congratulate our fellow-countrymen
upon the anxiety evinced ley their rulers not merely to
annihilate their grievances. but to do so forthwith ; and, as it
tends to expedite that annihilation, inasmuch as
it leaves the Ministry without any incumbrance
upon the action of its plans—the field entirely
open for its progression—we must yet again express our
satisfaction that the amendment introduced by Mr. CHARLES
Vinuans has been definitively disposed of, and the question of
free trade reduced once more tee the practicable views of Sir
ROBERT, The minority by which that amendment was
negatived has been, we repeat It, a source of sincere
gratification to ourselves, since in that minority we perceive
a peril escaped. Had the protectionists, for example
with the mere vexatious intention of harassing the present
Ministry, and of placing Sir ROBERT'S influence in jeopardy,
sided with the Hon. Members comprised in that minority,
the effects of that hollow co-operation, to say the very least
of it, would have proved most prejudicial to the glorious
cause for whose success the multitude and the
more enlightened of the Legislature are striving together ;
it might possibly (and not improbably) have rendered
the continuance of the present Government in office most
dubious. At the smallest calculation, it would have weakened
a Ministry previously of very great and very beneficent
strength, while the ultimate triumph of the amendment
would have still remained more than simply questionable.
It would have been an ignis fatuus a chimera
a shibboleth —an illusion. Hence, as deserting the
substantial for the visionary, the quiet overthrow of
that amendment was, as we have already intimated, a sub-
ject to us of sincere self-gratulation. At the same time, let
it be particularly observed, we do not intend by these tx-
pressions to impute any but the most reasonable, ti.e
most laudable, and the most comprehensible motives to
the Honourable Gentleman who introduced that
amendment to the House of Commons. His position was
peculiar, and, as such, it is deserving of every possible con-
aideration. The anxiety for an immediate repeal of those
obnoxious laws which had hitherto prevented a just and ade-
quate importation of provisions, was an anxiety generated
so to speak, in the Anti-Corn-law League; it consti-
tuted, in fact, the paramount object for which
that noble Association had so long and so manfully
striven. With the very name of the League immediate repeal
was associated in the popular mind, and to the members of
that extraordinary body thousands were undoubtedly look-
ing for a visible fulfilment of its engagements, for a Parlia-
mentary demonstration in favour of immediate repeal, for an
amendment, in short, precisely tallying with the one pro-
pounded by the Hon. Member for Wolverhampton. A movement
of this identical description was, we may say with perfect
accuracy, incumbent upon some ore amongst the legislators
associated with the League. They could not possibly act
otherwise without some claim upon general reprobation ; the
formality of an amendment was necessary for their character,
inasmuch as they conscientiously believed the advantage of an
immediate abolition of the Customs duties. Mr. VILLIERS
was selected as spokesman, and surely a fitter person than
the Hon. Member for Wolverhampton could not have been
chosen. Mr. VILLIERS had unquestionably fought through
"good repute and evil repute" for those principles which
are so speedily to become incorporated with our constitu-
tion, and therefore was a most proper and worthy exponent
of the League and of its aspirations. Some individual
must hare introduced an amendment of this nature—the Hon.
Members for Stockport, or Durham, or Mr. Grasos, or
any other, in fact, cf the Parliamentary Leaguers. Mr.
VILLIERS was selected, performed his part with perfect
honour and consistency to himself, and was defeated. We
refer to these particulars from a feeling of justice : we do not
wish to palliate Mr. VILLIERS or the League, because they
require no palliation. They bad a certain specific act to per-
form, in consummation as it were of all their previous exer-
tions ; that same act has been performed with all due solem-
nity. Nevertheless, in exonerating the several mem-
bers of the Anti-Corn-law League, and Mr. VILLIERS
amongst the number, from any pertinacious proceeding, we
must take leave expressly and emphatically to repeat our
satisfaction at the circumstance of Sir R. PEEL'S policy being
now left entirely to i s own exclusive merits as the only
possible and practicable free-trade scheme that could have
been devised.

Madrid papers of th• 27th ult. have been received. Oa
that day the discussion on the Bill for indemnifying the lay
titheholders was resumed, when the Finance Minister took
the opportunity of making certain statements calculated to
allay the anxiety of the public in reference to the new plans.
The measure, he said, had originated with the former Go-
vernment, and so far from the new loan injuring credit, he
was quite sure that it would have the contrary effect, and
that public credit would soon rise. The law established one
great point—the abolition of tithes, and the proposed grant
for public worship and the clergy had been reduced by
9,000,000 real", which would afford additional means of
paying the interest of the debt. The Gazett: publishes a
royal decree appointing M. MARturu DE LA Rosa Am-
bassador of Spain in Paris.
The prospect of a new loan had depressed the funds. The
Three per Cents. closed at 30( for cash, and 30 13-16 at 60
days; and the Five per Cents. at 21i at 60 days.

In the French Chamber of Deputies some questions were
put to the Minister of Public Works relative to a fat dl acci-
dent which, it was said, had occurred on the Lyons and St.
Etienne Railway. The Minister regretted much to he
obliged to state that a very dreadful accident had certainly
occurred, the particulars of which he had received on Wed-
nesday morning from the Prefect of the Rhone. The shock
was frightful. One of the locomotives was dashed to pieces,
and several waggons were entirely crushed. On receiving
intelligence of the accident, the Prefect, the Procureur du Roi,
and the Procureur-General proceeded to the spot, and found
that eight parsons had been killed and 30 wounded, of whom
10 very dangerou.•ly. "This melancholy accident," he added,
"was not to be attributed to any defect in the construction
of the line, but rather to a want of care and prudence on the
part of the administration. The whole affair was at present
under official investigation, which might call for punishment
both criminally and civilly." He stated also, at the same
time, that the cause of the fall of the Barentin viaduct was
now perfectly well known to be a want of firmness in the
bases of the columns on which the arches were constructed. In
the Committees, the Deputies bad examined several bills,
among others, two for the better fortification of Havre. By
one a sum of 11,500,000 f were demanded for the fortifica-
tions towards the sea, and 10,000,000 f. for those on the land-
side. By another Bill, the Government demands 16,000,000'.;
for improvements in the harbour, and for the construction
of four forts. Both Bills were approved of in the
bureaux. Another Bill, demanding 19,200,000 f. for the
fortifications ef Cherbourg was also examined, and ap-
proved of. The Postal Reform Bill called forth a length-
ened discussion, and was generally approved of. Several
Members, however, warmly advocated a uniform postage.

The insurrection in Poland is adverted to in most
of the papers, but great mystery appears still to
prevail on this; melancholy subject. It is distressing
to hear of such gallant people constantly rising up
against their oppressors, and often without the sl;ghtest
prospect of success, only to be trampled down anew. Tie
Journal des Debuts, in the following paragraph, attributes to
Prussia and Austria merits to which they are not entitled, but
the rest of it unfortunately is too true :—" Since the first par..
tition of Poland, now more than seventy years ago, the Poles
have several times endeavoured to regain the independence
of their country. They have always paid most dearly for
their effort., which, though always heroic, were frequently
inopportune and wanting in prudence. This last attempt,
undertaken against the three powers, two of whom, Austria
and Prussia, have shown great tolerence towards their
Polish provinces, conforming besides to those principles of
justice and humanity which cannot be denied their Govern-
ments, appears to us destined to draw down upon
this unfortunate country only new misery." According
to a letter from Breslow, of the 27th of February, the insur-
gents of Cracow were in possession of the town as late as the
95th, and the Provisional Government, in anticipation of an
attack on the 23th by the Prussian troops, had ordered all
the male inhabitants from eighteen to fifty years of age to
take arms in support of the insurrection. A proclamation
had been issued exhorting the people to exertion, and pro-
mising abolition of all their grievances.
It is stated in one of the Paiia papers, that M. BotrrwrlEFF,
the Russian Minister at Rome, had presented a note to
the Pore, denying, in the most positive manner, the state-
ments relative to the persecution of the Basilian nuns at
Minsk. Tile note contradicts the whole of the assertions
alleged to have been made by the Lady Abbess.

The Three per Cents. closed at 84f. 55C. ; the Five per Ceuta.,
1231. 60c. ;- the Orleans Railroad shares, 1,535 f. ; Rouen, 1,01;5f. ;
Havre, 752f.50c.; Great Northern, 736 f. 85c. ; Avignon, IX% 50c.;
Vierzon, 765 f.; tordeanx, 675 f.; Buulogne, 53t:.; /task, 245 f.
Fampoux, 460 f.. ; Dieppe, 470 E; Paris and Strasburg, 532 f. 58c. ;
Tours and Mantes, 682 f. sOe. ; Spanish Three perConts., 33%.

• - - •
BYSINESS LO,NR IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, Idancu 6.
Boulogne and Amiens, ll—Calais, Dankirk, and West Flanders,
I —D u tch Rhenish, 6IA —East Indian, 34—Great Northern of Francs
Constdated; 15%—Louvain and Jemapp3,:l - Lyons and Avignon,
2 —Luxeraboarg, 234—Orleasus and Vierson, 19 X —Orleans and Bor-
deaux, 115 i —Paris and Orleal e, 32 —Paris and Rouen, 42—Tours
and Nantes Constituted, 7X —West Flanders, 3 X .

REINFORCEMENTS FOR INDIA.—The regiments selected
for Indian service are the 10th Hussars, and the Bth, 24th, and 32d
Foot. The 18th and 96th Regiments are also under orders to move
from China to Bengal.
CoMMERcIA.I. TREATY BETWEEN RUSSIA AND SAR-
Dtxra.—The agent of Lloyd's, at Genoa, under date the 2Cth ult.,
announces the completion of a commercial and navigation treaty
between the Emperor of Russia and the King of Sardinia, upon a
perfect system of reciprocity. All differential duties upon both sides
are done away with.

PEDESTRIANISM.--On Satut day a novel match cars
off for 101. aside by Wallace (of Kennington), who undertook to run
over the six bridges in one hour and a quarter, starting at Vauxhall,
on the Surrey side, and returning over Westminster, and then made
the beat of his way over the other bridges, and concluded his task at
London-bridge in one hour and ten minutes.

------
-
The annual general court of the above corporation
which
' Ludgate-hill. The report
day at the London toffee-house,
past year
PHILANTHROPIC SOCIETY, ST. LiEORGwEas'S
heldi.l.oDn SF.—ri.
was laid before the court showed that the expenses for the
were 3,5891. 1 is. 7d. The receipts were2,Gtl4l. 18s. hi. Threported were 1,5001. The average number of Inmates
There were fifty-two boys placed out as apprentices or in service, and
:rlasegac 100.ies
twenty admitted.
ExPoRTATIoN OP litEß.—With reference to an order
Issued by the Lords of the Treasury in September, 1842, on the sub-
abl o
tees 1 r o
Lordships
miiject of the exportation of strong beer, the revenue authorities have
received a communication from Mr. Cardwell. Secretary to the Lords
C°inm
y t r
isn
otrhdeTreasury, stating that be has been cone-
mandedps to acquaint them that they have autho-
rised the Commissioners of Excise to permit the exportation of
battled strong hoer on drawback, In cases containing two dozen
quart or two dozen pint bottles, provided the cases be properly
secured, and the quantity of beer exported at any one time be not
lesi than thirty-six gallons.
Belany, the surgeon of Sunderland, who was tried
some time ago and acquitted, on a charge of poisoning his wife vvith Xs
acid,_and whose house luau effects were burned by a mob en
Xs return home, has Just r:leorerad from the hauttred ofDamtNIVIVI
1101. MiPtaa9af.:lnli;ffelirlcitrilifai°