The Sun.
London, England, 1848-04-10 00:00:00

ebtniag ":int

LONDON, MONDAY, APRIL 10, 1848.

Unless the insane and sanguinarya spirit of Dema-
goguei.vm acquires an unwholsomeh,
subordination bordination o!uthority this day
in London, we have no fears for t
the metropolis. Of themselves the men of Middlesex
are nut to be dreaded as enemies of constitutional
tranquillit
, Y. Be they Chartists, or Fuurierists, or
S°c`ali3t°, or Theophilanthropists, or lovers of the
dreams of Susquehanah—their obedience to the institu-
tions of Great Britain is not for an instant to be doubted,
unless the disquieting voice of Demagog
nce let the tones of this
solemn warnings of the
L 4 w, and there is certain
popular convulsion—a convulsion injurious
to the cause of true liberality in legislation
to the rational wants of society, arei opposeddestrelt-
those liberties which are at once the most destructive of
achievements atel the holiest attributes of precious
That there are, just now, extrorin democracy.ieluc
merits to a commotion is testified by the vast re -
ratioes both of a military and municipal charactel'ir mPaade.
throughout the capital according to the urdonations
of the Government. Those who may have strolled
through London this morning will have recognised
the existence of some great doubt in the minds of its
more peaceobly disposed inhabitants. Almost all the
shops closed in the principal thoroughfares—the pave -
ments nearly dusertei, even in those lines of transit,
which may be termed the chief arteries of the metropolis
—many of the omnibus proprietors frightened into the
cessation of their perpetual employment, groups
scattered at the street corners—everything betokens
NrEws iiixftEirser.ce of a calamitous anticipation. Those who
..Inv-- fomented the passions of the multitude (and we
\eublish their names in catalogue, but that we
hold such despicable men up to the vengeance
lation)—those, we say, who have fomented
-,ions of the multitude, merely for the

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furtherance„ of an odious notoriety, and who
abolition thert.dupes in the moment of danger, out of
a pusillanimous affection for their personal safety and
convenience, are the parties really responsible. molly
culpable, and really seditious. But fcr the ferment
caused by the perniciocs declamations of such brawlers;
L:.ndon would at this moment be remarkable only
for the nnin'errupted preservation of its industrial
happiness. But for these promoters of anarchy, the
people would never, in their wildest imaginations,
have projected an assault against a generous,
democratic, and decidedly popular Govern
want. They could never, we maintain, have
conceived such a suicidal course of proceeding
but for the evil suggestions instilled into their hearts
through the medium of an insidious language.
Before too much has been accomplished in accord-
ance with these mad and ferocious recommendations,
we would remind our fellow-citizens of the fact, that
the very Parliament they are called upon to intimi-
date is the incarnation of themselves. Without
speaking still more decisively, we are surely correct
in terming such schemes at self•intimidation as
ridiculous. The House of Commons is the
representative, the organ, and the very em-
bodiment of the people, and yet it is
this symbol of themselves they are required to awe
by their projected demonstration. Were the Lower
House in Westminster in any respect an aristocratic
institution, we should speak otherwise. Were the
floor of that legislative chamber in any respect the
seed plot, as it were, of measures injurious to the
community, we should mention it merely in terms of
derision and abhorrence. Were the House of Peers
an impassable obstruction in the way of the Liberal
movement ; were the Cabinet merely a congregation
of insolent statesmen or obsequious administrators ;
were the SOVEREIGN a eheriaher of the principles
of Absolutism and a foe to the advancement of
political reform, we should be more clamourous than
the most turbulent, we should exceed the most obstinate
in determination, and the most violent in audacity.
But when we scrutinize the fabric which has risen
up in this island, not like the architectural exhalation
of Pandemonium, but like a majestic and human edi-
fice—when we scrutinise this fabric with the jealousy
inspired by our democratic predilections, when we
behold in the MONARCP merely the type of our
national greatness, in the aristocracy merely the
token of our wealth and magnificence, and in the
Commons merely the representatives of our in-
tellect, our energy, and our will,—when we
see these three institutions co-operating with each
other to modulate the tone of the Government to the
key-note of the age, and to work out, by every possible
means, the prosperity of the million, we perceive the
necessity of evidencing ovr obedience to the law and
of revealing our homage for the Constitution of Great
Britain by our respectful attitude in the presence of
an august Legislature. These are the considerations
which assure us that, with Englishmen, LOYALTY is
merely synonymous with PATRIOTISM.

The Emperor of RUSSIA has issued a manifesto.
1..7n warned by the portentous incidents of the last few
weeks, untaught by the examples of his brother
sovereigns, the Emperor of Russia has just issued a
manifesto conceived in a spirit of conservative des-
potism, conveying the authoritative commands of an
imperial Nlaster," and hurling an audacious d:-fiance
at every attempted liberal innovation. And this
manifesto bears the date of March, 1848 ! This arbi-
trary mandate of absolutism actually bears the date of
this year of reformation and liberalism one thousand
eight hundred and forty-eight. And doing so, it occu-
pies a peculiarly isolated position—" none but itself can
be its parallel." It stands out in opposition to the
numerous manifestoes which have recently been
issued by nearly all the Sovereigns of Europe. It
breathes no conciliatory spirit, it offers no advisable
concession. The great movement which has so
quietly and yet effectually shaken the arbitrary
power cf Kings, and exalted the rightful influence of
the People, is spoken of in the following respectful
terms :—" Insurrection and anarchy, the offspring of
France, have soon crossed the German frontier, and have
spread themselves in every direction with an audacity
which has gained new force in proportion to the
concessions of the Governments. This devastating
plague has at last attacked our allies, the empire of
Austria and the kingdom of Prussia, and to-day its
idind fury menaces even our Russia, that Russia
which GOD has confided to our care." Then follows
an earnest declaration on the part of the EMPEROR to
encounter his enemies from whatsoever side they may
present themselves, and to defend the honour
of the Russsian name and preserve the
inviolability of the Russian territory. Evidently
impressed with a full conviction of the " right
divine" of kings{ the AUTOCRAT of Russia concludes
his arbitrary manifesto with the following—we ccn
hardly consider appropriate—quotation :—" GOD is on
our side, understand this, ye peoples, and submit, for
Gon is on our side." How far the Russians may
coincide in the sentiments of their SOVEREIGN their
future conduct alone can declare ; it may be they are
not yet prepared for their enfranchisement----not suf-
ficiently free to be fit for freedom.

But the simultaneous movements of other nations
cannot be without effect, even amongst the subjects
of the most despotic rule. If the examples uf other
Sovereigns have failed to enlighten NicnonAs, the
examples of other people cannot fail to enlighten the
Russians. But it is not the welfare of Russia
that is so much endangered by these despotic
demonstrations on the part of NICHOLAS, as
the welfare and very existence of Poland.
The revolution in that kingdom has as yet made
little progress—at least, little visible progress; but
secretly and steadily it is progressing to maturity.
At Warsaw, even now, there is no outward demon-
stration, but such an event is hourly anticipated, and
the Government are taking every precaution to sup-
press, or, if possible, to prever.t it. The newspapers
are not suffered to publish any intelligence
of the movements in Prussia and Austria, the
authorities rightly divining what effect such intelli.
gence must produce. This is only another demon-
stration of a fact which receives almost daily
illustration, namely, that the more arbitrary a
Government, the more strenuously it endeavours
to check the liberty of the press, and vice versa.
But this is not the only precaution adopted by
aree
tast
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pgrthaesort: authorities
deliver
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meetings Pulests these
o
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toiobnlisg,edevteoryca7rrson
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NicuoLas and his emissaries areYa mistaken.lighted
It is not
thus in the present day that men are to be intimi-
dated and nations governed.

Madrid journals of the Ist and 24 have arrived.
Both the University and the Medical School of
San Carlos have been closed, by order of the Go.
verument.
General CRAcON has been arrested, and sent as a
prisoner to Pampeluna.
Another outbreak in Madrid was daily expected.
MADRID BOLSA, APRIL I.—The Three per Cents,
closed at 21 cash, 21i paper ; the Fire per Cents., at
13i ; and Coupons, 9,j paper.

THE FRENCH REPUBLIC.

PROCEEDINGS AT PARIS.

We have received the Paris papers of Saturday and
yesterday.
Among the officers elected for the National Guard
is M. D'ALTos SHEEN ex-Peer of France.
It was rumoured in Paris on Saturday that Baron
JANIEs ROTHSCHILD had been offered the Ministry of
Finance.

Provisional
Thetn
eo nni
at et rnt re
of
fu hthlieshle,rsetnhcehropleloopwleintghedecree :
Government decrees—
" Art. I. In order to give to political and adi.ninis-
trative instruction the d?veloptnent necessary for the
Rnaublie there shall bq a series of professorships esta-
blished in the College of Franoe under the following
denominations:—
" 1. French political law and general political law
compared.

" 2. International law and the history of treAties.
" 3. Laws relating to private property.
4. Criminal law.
" 5. General economy and statistics of the poi il-
" C. General economy and statistics of agricul-
ture.
"7. General economy and statistics of mines,
forges, arts, and manufactures.

"8. General economy and statistics of public
works.
"9. General economy and statistics of finance
and commerce. ✓
" 10. Administrative law.
" 11. History of French and foreign administra-
tive iristitutiors.

" .article 11. The professorship of the law of na-
ture and nations, of pol►tical economy, and of com-
parative legislation, are suppressed, inasmuch as their
object is otherwise provided for.
" Article ill. The professorship of the Turkish
language is suppressed, inasmuch as since its institu-
tion a similar object has been attained by a professor-
ship of the Turkish language established in the special
school for the Eastern languages.
"Article IV.—The proffissorship of Latin poetry is
united with the professorship of Latin oratory, which,
by analogy with the Greek professorship, assumes the
name cf tke Latin language and literature.
" Article Y.—The professorship of mechanics,
which was suppressed by a decree of the year 1772,
is re-established.

"Article Vl.—The pupils intended to supply the
different branches of the administrative service, con-
formably to the decree of the Bth of Mart;h, 1848,
shall be obliged to follow the course of instruction in
the College of France.
"Article Vll.—They shall retain the name of
pupils of the College of France.
" Article VIII.—The Provisional Minister of Pub-
lic Instruction and Religious Worship is charged
with the execution of the present decree.
" Done at a Council of the Government, held at
Paris, April the 7th, 1848, and signed by the Mem-
bers of the Provisional Government."

The Conshttitionnel states that, according to its
latest accounts from Savoy, the column of Savoyards
which invaded that country from Prance had been
beaten and driven back on the French territory.
The German Republicans who left Paris in a body,
some days since, have determined to remain at Stras-
burgh until the result of the deliberations of the
Assembly at Baden shall be known.

The Toulonnais, of the 4th instant, contains the
following letter from the frontiers of Morocco :
" The occupation of the Zaffarine Islands by the
Spaniard•i, as it was easy to foresee, was not favour-
ably viewed by the Moors, who, not being able to
attack the garrison of islands, assail the presi-
dios, the garrisons of which are constantly on the qui
vice. The Kabyles of the Riff having approached
Mtlilla with three pieces of artillery, all the troops
that presidw marched out on the 16th ult., and, sup-
ported by the schooner Bidassoa and the steamer Vul-
cuno, which had posted themselves close to the shore,
attacked the Kabyies and destroyed their artillery
after an obstinate resistance. On that day the natives
showed themselves in considerable numbers, and the
Spani.trds, who have surprised the Kabyles, were
surrounded and obliged to retreat before those masses.
The convicts, 100 in •number, who followed the co-
lumn, behaved very well. After the Spanish troops
had withdrawn the Kabyles kindled large fires on the
neighbouring he ghts, whiA were occupied at night
by at least 30,000 men. The Spanish troops em-
ployed in the defence of the prexidios never fought a
sharper engagement than that of the IGth, and there
is every reason to suppose that Spain will have a fierce
enemy in the population of the Riff; whose irritation
has been roused to the highest degree by the occu-
pation of the Zaffarinas. Tranquillity prevails along
thy- French frontier."

" A great movement of troops," says the Comlitu-
tionnel," is taking place along the frontier. Yester-
day, the 6tb, the 4:h battalion of Chasseurs, which
held the garrison at Grenoble, was to leave for Fort
iiarraux and Chapareillan. The last village is close
to the Sardinian frontier. Two battalions of the 13th
Regiment of the Line were ordered to be stationed
between Grenoble and Voiron. Dauphin 6, lately so
tranquil, is beginning to assume a warlike aspect."
Disturbances had occum.l at Besancon, at St.
Omer, and at Dunkirk, but they had been put down.
It is said that M. GARNIER PAGES has proposed a
plan, which has met with the approval of the Provi
sional Government, for the purchase of all the rail-
ways in France.

The National has the following on Spanish affairs :

" A correspondence has been communicated to us
this Evening, which announces that in the private and
confidenti it councils held at Madrid, Christina and
Narvaez have resolved to put their trust in the
Carli_ts, and to offer them their hands. The essential
basis of this alliance is to be the dissolution of the
marriage of the Queen, who will then be married to
the Count de Montemolin, who will be proclaimed
King by right and by fact. In return, the son of
Don Carlos is to insure to the throne of Isabella the
assistance of his partizans against all revolutionary
attempts. Nevertheless, the project is so foolish in
the present state of Spain, that we give it with every
reserve."

The Moniteur publishes a decree i❑ which the
Provisional Government reprobates the assaulta
which have been committed on foreign workmen,
and places them under the safeguard of the French
workmen.

There was considerable discussion yesterday, among
the frequenters of the Passage de l'Opera, on the plan
which it is reported the Provisional Government in-
tend to adopt with re.zard to the Bank of France.
According to this plan, all the departmental banks
would be done away with, only one great establish-
ment being permitted to exist in the kingdom, under
the name of the Banque Nationale. The share-
holders of the banks of France, and of those of
Havre, Bordeaux, Marseilles, Lisle, &c., are to
be reimbursed in bank notes. In addition, the
Banque Nationale is, it is said, to be charged
with the purchase of all the railways, and
probably at a later period, of all concessions of mines,
canals, still by means of new issues of bank
notes. It is supposed that not less than two mil-
liards of notes would be required to buy out the
present shareholders, and to continue the railway
works that have been commenced. Railway shares
are, it is said, to :be expropriated after the quota
tions of February 23, for the lines on which the
capital has not yet been paid up, and on ap-
praisement for the lines already liberated, and at
work. The whole amount of notes then in circula-
tion, would be two milliards and a half, but there
would not be any other notes throughout France.
The notes thus issued would be guaranteed in the
first place by tho state domains, and next, by the
receipts, property, and stock of every kind of the
railways. The holders of railway shares seemed
not averse to this plan, as they would prefer being
paid in sank notes to being given five per cent.
stock at par, that security losing at present nearly
50 per cent.

Cocas AUTHENTIQCE.-PARIS, APRIL 8.-Five per
Cents., 52f. 50c. 53f. 52f. 25c. 50c. 531. 52f. 50c. 75c. 531.
521. 75c. 531. 531. 25c. 54f ; Three per Cents.. 35f. 35f.
75c. 50c. 36. 361. 50c. 37f. 371. 50c.; Bank Actions,
1,025 f. 1,0001. 9951. 1,0001. 9951. 990 f.; Romans, 49k;
Belgian Five per Cents., 1840, 53, 521 54 53k; ditto,
Five per Cents., 184-2, 531; ditto, Four-and-a-ilalfper
Cents, 45; Spanish Three per Cents., la Exchange
on London, one month, paper, 25f. 30c.; three months,
p3poir, .25f.
BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE

LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, APRIL 8.
Boulogne and Amiens, 51/4 —Namur and Liege, I—North-
ern of France, 24—Orleans and Bordeaux, 1 !,;,—Paris
and Lyons, ILA—Paris and Orleans, 16—Paris and Rouen,
I ILA —Rouen and Havre, 6.

GERMANY

AND

THE NORTHERN STATES.

VIENNA.
We have received intelligence from Vienna to the
21 April. It informs us that a deputation, headed by
Professor live, waited that evening on the Minister,
Vox PILLERSDORF, to express the general dissatisfac-
tion of the people with the new law relative to the
press, and to request him to reconsider its most ex-
ceptionable provisions. The Minister excused the
imperfection of the law on the ground of haste, and
promised to refer it to a committee, with a view to
modification.

iItU :71S 1 A.
of the Bth, has a letter
from
The Cologne Gazette,
Berlin of the sth inst., in whichit is assertedti
powerful and favourable effect had been produced ona
the public opinion by the character and behaviour of
the new Ministry and Diet, and by the substantially
liberal proclamations of the regenerated Government.
Various German deputations from the Grand Duch
of Poien have arrived at Berlin, and formed them):
selves into a committee for the purpose of acting
more effectively. A Mr. MicLEsKi has been ap-
pointed Chief President of the Duchy, and will be
gazetted in a few days. The Polish landlords of the
province of Prussia Proper have called upon the
people to meet at Culm, where they wish them to
adopt a resolution concerning the regeneration of the
Polish empire with the territories it possessed in 1772.
Letters from Cearmikaw Wirsitz, Chodgiesen, and
Gnesen are likewise filled with complaints about

the outrages which the fanatic Polish population is
committing.

BAVARIA.

The Allgeineine Zeitunz of the 3d publishes two
royal acts of amnesty. All persons accusal or con-
victed of political crimes and contraventions of the
gauae-laws shall at once be liberated. The new King
of BAN' ARTA haS dismissed all the old servants of his
father, whose political and social opinions are not
likely to keep pace with the times. The Lieutenant-
Generals YBENBERG and Parrnmizim are among the
number. The Bavarian army, hitherto amounting
to 40,000 men, is about to be raised to the number
of 60,000. The whole of the frontier district is
being occupied by troops to oppose all propagandistic
invasions from France or Switzerland. Bavaria,
Wurtemberg, Baden, and Ilesse, are busy garrison-
ing and victualling the fortified places along the
border. 6,000 Bavarian troops are collected at
Memingen, and as many more at Ulm. Wurtem-
berg has about 4,000 men between Rottweil and
Babingen. The army of Baden has been raised to
20,000 men, 5,000 of whom are quartered in
Rastadt.

The Allgemeine Preussische Zeiturg of the 7th
publishes: the Ministerial report on the subject of the
abolition of the duty on meat and bread.

DENMARK AND THE DUCHIES.

We have received the Hamburgh papers of Friday.
The Danish Minister at Hamburgh has been dis-
missed, in csnsequence, as is alleged, of having re-
fused his protection and assistance to the many Danish
officers and subjects who had taken refuge in that
city when driven by recent events from the duchy of
Holstein.

It appears that the King of DENMARK left Copen-
hagen on the sth of April to put himself at the head
of his army, which already amounts to 18,000 men.
His MAJESTY is expected to have landed this day at
Fredericia, the most southern port in Jutland, and
the nearest to Colding, where the Danish army is
concentrated, which town, being on the very border
of Schleswig, is forty-five miles due north of
Flensburg.
There appears to be the greatest enthusiasm on
both sides. The volunteers for the Danish army are
said to arrive in shoals ; they seem determined to
make a vigorous struggle.
The Danish fleet is being prepared with all possible
dispatch, and the Government has announced its
intention of making reprisals upon German and Prus-
sian vessels, and to blockade Stettin, Dantzic, Memel,
and other ports. They have seven ships already
equipped.
The Prussian division of 5,000 men has passed
through Hamburgh into Holstein.

The Ilanoverlans are at Stade, on the southern
bank of the Eibe, and will immediately cross that
river to Gluckstadt, marching thence upon Itzchoe,
en route to Rendsburg.
A discount bank has been commenced at Ham-
burgh.

(From the Hamburgh Bursenhalle of April 6.)

RENDSBURG, APRIL 5.
The Island of Alien continues in possession of
about 800 Danes. Several of the inhabitants have
been apprehended and imprisoned by the Danish
authorities of the island, and it is supposed they will
be detained in the Castle of Sonderburg. All com-
munication between the island and continent is com-
pletely intercepted.
The Danish bands, headed by Lituarrz SK4w, are
committing much devastation in the district around
Gravensteen (equidistant from the towns of Flens•
burg and Apenrade, in Schleswig, and opposite the
Isle of Alien).

A letter from Rendsburg of the 4th of April, in
the Hamburgischen Blatter, announces the arrival of
the Prussian General BONIN in that town. General
BONIN is the Commander of the Prussian army in
Schleswig. He was accompanied by Prince WAL-
DEMAR of Augustenburg, whom some of the Ham-
burgh papers have mistaken for the Prince WALns•
MAR of Prussia.

The first division of the regiments of Prussian
Guards, destined for Holstein, arrived in Hamburgh
on the afternoon of the 4th, and proceeded at once to
Altona.