The Sun.
London, England, 1848-11-25 00:00:00

1-VPT.

That renowned and testils country—the mother of
Grecian art and of European civilization—that country of
the Pharaohs which now, by the wonderful aid of steam,
communicates in a time incredibly short with the coasts
of Syria, Caramania, Anatolia, and the Black Sea, with
Greece, with Italy, and the northern coasts of Africa.
with the coasts of Arabia, with the gulfs of Persia and
Bengal, with Sumatra, Java, nay even with distant
China, and sealed, fir -fi'Japan, can never be otherwise
than an object of interest and solicitude to the merchants,
the traders, and the politicians of Great Britain. A coun-
try so rich in natural productions, so blessed by natural
site, must in any position of political circumstances force
itself on the attention of a nation such as England. Pro-
ducing corn, rice, cotton, beans, spices, precious gums,
flax, gold dust, ivory, and a third of the drugs to be found
in the malaria medica of this drug-consuming country—
questions of commerce alone would commend such a
country to any sensible Englishman's favourable atten-
tion, if its unrivalled position, with the Red Sea at its
head, the Indian Ocean behind it, the Mediterranean in
front, and the matchless Nile in its centre, did not ab-
solutely force the notice of Egypt upon the considera-
tion of the statesman and the politician. The import-
ance of this land of the Ptolemies to England, great in
every commercial and general political aspect, becomes
enhanced, nay, absolutely gigantic and colossal, when
viewed in subservience to our political and commercial
correspondence with India. From the wonderful revo-
lutions recently wrought by rail and steam, the commu-
nication by Egypt becomes now more than ever a
necessary link in the chain of connexion with our
Indian empire, and there is not a civilian of any of
the presidencies, nor a soldier of the Bengal, Madras, or
Bombay armies, nor any one of their relatives or
connexions in England, who are not interested in the
condition of a country which must in a very few weeks
change—if, indeed, it have not already changed—its
former ruler and chief governor. Changes are now, in
this age of change, rife in stand-still, hitherto unchange-
able Egypt. The reader is well aware that that re-
markable man, born 80 years ago, the son of a female
slave at Kanala, in Macedonia, whose earliest life was
spent in the humblest pursuits of a small commerce in
tobacco—who in 1800 was appointed a pscha of two
tails in Egypt—who then for the first time learned to
read and write—and who six years afterwards, namely,
in 1806, became governor of the country with whose fate
his name has been since indissolubly bound up—the
reader, we say, is aware that Mahommed Ali, full of years
and of infirmities, some time since retired from the fatigues
of his Government, and that in consequence the cares of
empire devolved on his second son, Ibrahim Pacha, the
successful commander in the expedition against the
Wachabees, and who visited England some three or four
years ago. From some of the latest accounts it would
appear that this son Ibrahim—the actual ruler of Egypt
—whom the old man had looked upon as his successor,
had been confined to his bed for more than three weeks,
without hope of recovery—that no person was allowed
to go near him—and that as a last resource he was to be
conveyed to the milder climate of Upper Egypt. Other
accounts intimate the impossibility of the patient's re-
covery ; while later and probably more authentic letters
speak of his death as an event which might be instantly
looked for, if, indeed, it had not already taken place.
Under these circumstances Abbas Pacha would
undoubtedly succeed to the Government of Egypt.
But that personage had left Suez for the port of
Jedda at the end of October, on a pilgrimage to the
holy cities of Mecca and Medina, on board the company's
steamer, the Feroze. It is, however, a circumstance of
fortunate augury that, ere he assumes the reigns of
power, his Highness will have an opportunity of seeing
and learning, on board a company's vessel, of how much
importance it is to the civilizstioa and commerce of the
world, as well as to the prosperty of Egypt, over which
he is destined to rule as Viceroy, that all those facilities
accorded long ago by Mahommed Ali should Le
continued—indeed augmented and increased. Such
an influence is not merely necessary to. Eng-
land, in order to give us the master-key overland
to our own possessions, but it is also necessary
to the interests of European trade—to the prosperity of
Egypt itself—to the integrity of the Ottoman empire—
to the security of Persia—and to the good government
of the provinces washed by the waters of the " dark-
rolling" Danube. Such an influence is necessary, to
Egypt herself, for if anything, after thirty centuries of
slavery, can reclaim a land remarkable for its teeming
fertility, unrivalled climate, and rich natural productions,
from misery and slavery, it will be its now becoming—
we will not say continuing, for the passenger trade is
but commencing—the high road from England and
Europe to the distant east. If this truth was telt years
ago by Mahommed Ali himself, a man born in indigence,
nurtured in adversity, and who ruled Egypt more as
a proprietor seeking a profit, than a viceroy looking
to the happiness and prosperity of his subjects, how
much more keenly ought it to be felt and acknowledged
by Abbas Pacha, a man of our own time and epoch, who
has had advantages of education, culture, and observa-
tion, denied to either Mahommed Ali or Ibrahim Pacha,
_ _

his predecessors. Every traveller who has visited Egypt
during the last twenty years concurs in stating, that,
notwithstanding the natural advantages of the climate
and country, nothing can equal the misery and wretch-
edness of the inhabitants. Nevertheless, it cannot be
denied by the most prejudiced of these travellers that
Mahommed Ali was in his way, and after his own
fiEhion, a considerable reformer. That he created

an army and a navy—that ht introduced telegraphs—
that he commc.nced and extended public works—as,
for example, the canal from Alexandria to Cairo—that
he introduced manufactories of sugar,. of saltpetre,
and of guniowder—that he established cannon foun-

dries and ex4carated docks—that he improved roadsteads
and harbours—cannot by friend or foe be gainsaid. But,
on the other hand, it is ((pally clear and incontestable
that the Fullahs were ground dow❑ by a severe and
grinding ta7Lati.,n, and teat the kingdom wss in a men-
sune contiseattd to the personal and pecuninry profit of
the money-loving and money-meting Viceroy. By such
means it was that Mahommed A►i, accumulated immense

treasure, and realisvd immense receipts—receipts w hich
rendered hi:n a wealthy and prosperous Pacha. But,
notwithstanding these acquisitions, he must ever be

considered by the historian. and by posterity as rather a
great merchant and successful commercial speculator,
than as a great ruler. Under his mercantile sway,
Egypt became an immense granary and a huge fabric,
in which a species of imperial merchant, manufacturer,
and agriculturist, enriched himself at the expellee of the
country, whose inhabitants he over-taxed, and whose
soil he over-farmed, almost to exhaustion. In the present
condition of Europe and of the East, it becomes the
duty of a foreign Minister of Great Britain—instead of
wasting his time in a wordy war with Sotomayor or in
a petty personal struggle with Narvaez—to turn his eyes
towards Egypt—nearer to us now than Vienna was half
a century ago—and to seek to mnintain in that country
the necessary and :-.holesome preponderance and protec-
tion of Great Britain. To other great Powers an influence
in Egypt may be useful—to us in Engl Ind it is indispensa-
ble; and the Minister who, in the present conjuncture of
Continental polities, loses his hold on Egypt, deserves
impeachment in the face of the Parliament and people
of England. Is the East thero is always a disposition
to submit to an appearance of strength—and to be coun-
selled by anything savouring of the prestige of power.
As it is the nature of all power to assert and vindicate
itself, so never was the occasion fairer or more fitting
for Great Britain than at this moment. Let Abbas

Pacha be made unmistakeably to understand our fixed
will—and our carnest wishes—as a question that con-

cerns his own independent life and existence—and the
intrigues of Russia in Wallachia, Bulgaria, Servin, and
Persia, and her attempts at undue influence in Constan-
tinople may be disregarded and scorned. We have ten-
dered fair counsel to the Foreign Secretary. But that
Noble Viscount sometimes allows wise words to sleep in
his ear, and listens envy to the snail suggestions of a
wrathful vanity. " Tant pis pour dui, pauvre here cm :lute
it est."— Herald.

BANK OF" ENOLAND..
(From last night's Gazette.)
n Account, pursuant to the Act 7th and Bth of Victoria, cap. 32,f0r
the Week ending on Saturday, tho kith day of November, 1848.
MITE DEPARTMENT.

Notes issued•....... 27,198,835

Government debt • • 11,015,100
Other securities •• • • 2,984,900
Gold coin and bullion 12,690,926
Silver bulilon • • •• •• 507,509

£27,193,835

27,198,835
M. MARSIIALL, Chief Cashier.
Dated the 231 day of November, 1848.
BANKING DEPAITMEN T.

Proprietors' capital • . 14,533,000
Rest .- • .......... 3,421,579
Public deposits (in-
cluding Exchequer,
Commissioners of
National Debt, Sav-
ings-banks, and Di-

Government securi-
ties (including Dead
Weight Annuity) .. 13,329,012
Other securities • • • • 10,769,062
Notes .. .......... • • 9,355,690
Gold and silver coin • • 721,125

vidend accounts) • . 5,149,495
Other deposits .... • . 10,014,514
Seven day and other

bills.. :......:.... 1,03(3,211

£34,174,829

£34,174,829
31. minsmiLL, Chief Cashier.
1848.

Dated the 21.1 day of November,

in Etzglutucurde,orttiity of Chester, the same day, at the Exchange, in
TGPoLvirermn
Or
aUeTnItI , Nov.N 22.—There are the said city.
Emigration ships, Stead- County of York, Saturday, 9th December, at the Castle
fas, t* With 182-i 2
"nth 264 adultatit;ite adults, all well, and the Osprey, of York.
convicts for Hob'arteTSydney; the Cadet, with female City of York, the same day, at the Guildhall of the
sail schooner C own ; and the American two-top- said city.
roans Captain
German and other em' i Sturtebanks, with 150 COURT OF COMMON PLEAS.
York; she was in the fa
rants from Bremen for New Michaelmas Term, in the twelfth year of the reign of
owns on
the Burgundy, with
emigrants
from the 13th inst., when Queen Victoria. Wednesday Nov 22.
The Crocus took shelter in Tori: Bremen, was lost. This Court will, on Monday, the 4th day of Decem-
Plymouth Sound on the 21st. Thai 91 the 19th, and bar next, hold sittings, and will proceed in disposing of
ships—Britannia, for Port Adelaide'', rain thevre emigration the business now pending in the paper of new trials and
for Adelaide and Port Philip, sailed from Diamond, in the special paper on the same day, and on the sth,
the 19th inst. Plymouth on 6th, 7th, and eighth days of the same month; and will
THE MURDER AT ST. LEOMARDS.--I-IA 5 also proceed to give judgment in certain of the matters
Nov. 24. This morning the first public examinatpqcs, T that will then be standing over for the consideration of
_ ion of the Court, li.By the Court, 4.,/ 727
John Pierson, who has been in custody since Sunday
week on suspicion of being the murderer of Mary Ann J. COLTMAN.
Newman, cook in the family of Miss Moore, of Cathe- 6th WAR OFFICE, Nov. 24.
ring Villa, St. Leonard's, took place at the Town-hall, from half-pay Gragooni. Guards—Captain T. St. George Lister,
before A. Burton, Esq., mayor; J. Mannington, Esq.; B.
H.
Mackinnon,
Portuguese officers, to be Captain, vice
Dr. MfrCabe, F. Ticehurst, Esq.; and F. Smith, Ea-.,
q Lieut. F. d. nil,non, appointed paymaster 43rd Foot;
Polhill Leo be Captain, by purchase, vice
borough magistrates. The hall was densely crowded. Lister, who retires; Cornet J. J. W. Fredricks to be
Soon after eleven o'clock the prisoner was placed in the Lieutenant, by lase, vice Polhill; F. R. hawker,
dock. Ho is a young man of 23, was formerly waiter at Gent. to be Cornet, purchase, vice Fredricks.
G
the Royal Oak, and subsequently coachman for nine Scotch Fusileer
uards—Lieut. and Captain W. J.
months to Miss Moore, who discharged him on the 31st , Ridley to be Captain and Lieutenant-Colonel, by pur-
October for irregular habits and negl, ct of duty. His chase, vice Bathurst, who retires; Ensign and Lieut.
demeanour was calm, but his eye had an anxious ap- ' C. T. Wernyss to be I.::
etetant and Captain, by pur-
pearance. Mr. Llng,ham attended as his legal adviser. chase. vice Ridley; B. F.
Buckley, Gent., to be En-
Evidence having been received which wont to confirm sign and Lieutenant, by purchase,
that already given, the prisoner, who, on being asked 36th Regiment of Foot—Lieut. vice' Wem)."
Palmer to be Cap-
what he had to say in defence, replied, " Not at present thin, by purchase, vice Kinloch,who retires; Ensign T.
—not till another time," was formally committed for Morgan to be Lieutenant, by purchase,
trial at the assizes. vie Palmer;En-
sign C. J. 11. Monro to be Lieutenanste, e '
, by purchase vice
SCOTTISH RAILWAYS.—The Parliamentary notices in Maycock, who retires; A. Macdonald, Gen ,to be,
En-
connexion with Scottish railways for next session indi- sign, by purchase, vies Morgan; J. W. Helyar, Gent.,
cate that, with trifling exceptions, no new works will be to be Ensign, by purchase, vice Monro.
promoted, and most of the measures sought for will be 44th Foot—Major A. IL Ferryman to be Lieutenant-
torprom ,
Wool, by Ptixame, Tice chuue, whc,
internal mutual arrangement, retires; Captain