The Sun.
London, England, 1870-12-19 00:00:00

CHURCH AND STATE.

Service was held in St. Thomas Church, Cropper-lane,
Bradford, on Friday evening, when a sermon was preached
by the Bishop of Manchester. In the course of his remarks
the Bishop dealt with the position of the Church of England
and the question of national education. He
asserted that the State and when he spoke
of the State he did Snot mean this or that form of
Government, whether monarchy, or aristocracy, or
democracy, or by whatever other name forms of
Government might be known ; he meant the state as a
form of civil society which might presumedly differ in
different ages of the world, and different countries—was
for its function as divine in its origin and in its purpose as
the Church was in her origin, and for her purpose. This posi-
tion was not affected by the fact that the functions of the one
had a higher aim than the functions of the other. The prin-
ciple of his position was no more than that asserted by St.
Paul, that there, was no power civil or spiritual but of
God. In all compacts between ecclesiastical and civil,
between political and spiritual powers, there must be,
from the nature of the case, advantages and disadvan-
tages on both sides, but in his opinion the advantages
largely preponderated. Though the clergy, the bishops,
the priests, and the deacons did not derive their spiritual
functions, as Erastia,nism asserted, from the civil magis-
trate nor from any Act of Parliament, still no one could
deny that the legal position of the clergy, their secure
possession of their rights and the unimpeded exercise of
their prerogatives, were secured to them by the State, by
the law. He was going a step further. There were cer-
tain things even of a moral and religious character which
it seemed to him the State could do more effectually than
the Church could; the State contained more power, more
secular power, and the things he spoke of were things
which required secular power. For instance, one of these
things was the development, adequately to the wants of the
people, of anational system of education. His lordship spoke
favourably of the Education Act as a whole, although he did
nut agree with some particular parts of it. He was, not,
however, too sanguine as to the results, in the want of any
general and pronounced feeling in favour of education in
England. He urged the duty of all denominations to do
their utmost to promote the working of the Act without
thought of party advantage or disadvantage. At the close
of the service a collection wasmade on behalf of the schools
at present in course of erection in connection with St.
Thomas's Church.

THE FARNESE PALACE.—We read in the
Opinione that on the 2nd of this month a contract was
agreed upon by which the ex-Emperor Napoleon sold to
the Italian Government the Farnese Gardens in Rome,
with the Palace of the Csars, the museums and objects
of art found there, for the sum of 650,000 francs (226,000),
adding an express desire that the excavations should be
continued, and that Professor Rosa should be still retained
to continue the superintendence of them. The agreement
on the part of the Emperor was arranged by Signor Arese,
one of the senators, and Professor Rosa called in to
witness the signing. The latter, seeing the letter of his
unfortunate friend the ex-Emperor, became deeply
moved. The deed was confirmed by Count Arese and
Sella, the Minister of Finance. It is needless to add that
the wishes of Napoleon will be scrupulously carried out.—
Builder.

LITERATURE.
♦ •
Champagne, its History and Manufactures. By C. Tovey.

One Vol. pp. 140. J. C. Hotten.
• A delicious little volume about Champagne, descriptive
of the country, the wine; the manufacture, the bottling,
and all about it, has just come refreshing from the press
through Mr. Hotten's establishment in Paccadilly. France
is the vineyard of Europe, and Champagne is the
garden of France. It is this beautiful grape
land which has been for the last six months
deluged with blood, devastated by the invading and de-
fending armies, and forcibly taken possession of by the
German conqueror. Opening Mr. Tovey's charming
book, we revert to Champagne as it was, not as it
We see it in all its pristine luxuriance, productiveness,
and industry. We, traverse it from end to end—from
Rheims in the north to Vertus in the south,
from Dormack in the west to Chalons in
the east—the core or centre of it all being
Epernay. The letterpress is as sparkling and
effervescent as the wine itself, and scattered through it
are a number of very, pretty lithographic illustrations. In
times of peace, not in these ghastlytiines of war, 40,000,000
bottles of champagne are produced each season. Black-
grapes and white grapes, :,Ay and Cramant, Verzeng
and Avi•ze, Perrier-Jouet, and Cliquot, with all the rest
of them—here, those• who list, may learn all about
them, at pleasure (having read the book ourselves),
we may premiSe also, and with pleasure. Th
mere account given in these pages of the tirage
cc boutcilles, which begins about April, is full of

interest. The fermentation of the wine continues even
after bottling, the breakages being about ten per cent., in
spite of every precaution. The wine is then brut or raw.
After standing for weeks, neck downwards, for
the settling of the sediment on the cork,
comes the critical moment for the process of
the degorgcment. The liqueur made of sugar candy and

old cognac, is added by the chopineur in place of the ex•
pelled sediment. The boucheur then takes it in hand•
The nectar stored in glass, is corked, tied with string,
wired and capsuled. Time perfects the liquid. And thin
is produced fok the palates of the luxurious what Mr.
Tovey himself so admirably well describes—the wine of
all wines—Champagne.