The Sun.
London, England, 1848-10-23 00:00:00

013/ening 7z6z;itti:

LONDON, MONDAY, OCTOBER 23, MIL

CABRERA is not only as enterprizing, he is becom-
ing quite as formidable as the famous chieftain Zu-
mALAckaazour. The QUERN'S Ministerial sup-
porters at Madrid cannot blink the matter any
longer. Each day witnesses the aggrandizement
of the Carlist forces, and the augmentation of
11169 skill and daring of the different leaders, who
regard bIONTEMOLIN as their Sovereign. While
the Government:of Don RAMON DE NARVAEZ endea-
vours to depreciate the influence of the insurgents, the
blighting spectre of civil war looms more and more
largely from the provinces of Arragon and Catalonia.
Bands of guerillas start suddenly into existence in
Monsant or in Cornudella. Hordes of trabu-
caires rush down upon the Portazgo of Maes-
trawo, or surprise the village of Villanueva de
Alcolea. SATIATES rallies round his standard a
throng of hardy adventurers; ARBONES another;
BALl:loci' another ; and so the arms of the Carlist
legionaries accumulate in number, and become
sharpened by use, until they amount to nearly six
thousand fighting men, from the little party obedient
to the trumpet-voice of Toa3Ac,up to the four hundred
infantry and sixty horsemen, whose law is the
will of the celebrated and redoubtable chieftain,
CABRERA.

Every one of the recent movements of the Narvaes
Government has indicated a growing sense of the
importance of the efforts of these brave and chival-
rous insurgents. From the last proclamation of Gene-
ral VILLALONGA to the advance of General Leasusint
upon Gerona it is manifest: that: the adherents of the
ruling power are at length beginning to perceive the
necessity of some vigorous attempt at repression.
Before this time, indeed as early as the fifteenth of
the present October, it is tolerably certain that
General CORr OVA. himself in person has departed
from Barcelona to grapple vigorously with the
dangers of the occasion. Against such wily and
indomitable captains as those who have raised the
ancient banner of the Conde DB MON,BILOLIN among
the mountains of Catalonia and upon the river-banks

of Arragon, neither VILLALONGA, nor LERSUNDI,
nor even the veteran CORDOVA, will find it very
easy work to battle. Their foes combine
gallantry with adroitness to an extent so wholly
marvellous and bewildering, that to conquer them is
difficult even with a superiority of forces, and to cap-
ture then when conquered, is very nearly next to an
impossibility. Take as an example, the greatest of all
bhe Montemolinist chieftains, the inspiration of the
entire enterprise, the ABD-.IL-KADER of the Penin-
sula, the CAM➢Rolf of the Spanish LocruzL, the ter-
rible, and invisible, and indomitable, and redoubtable
CABRERA. His destiny during the last five or six
months seems to be a dazzling defiance of danger. He
appears abruptly among the sedges of the Ebro, or
it may be under the very walls of Lerida—he
is surrounded by his followers, horse and foot, musket
and stiletto, ammunition and baggage—he is attacked
by the soldiers of ISAIIRLLA—some of his band are
slain, others wounded, the rest are dispersed, and
CABRERA himself is a fugitive. Scarcely is the in-
telligence of his being routed received, scarcely are
we informed that the Carlist movement is at an end,
that the armed peasantry, under Mocueco or Fon-
CADEL, have been driven over the crest of the Pyre-
nees, and that CABRERA himself is wandering through
France alone and in destitution—when accounts
come that this same CABRERA has suddenly descended
from the mountains at the head of three or four
hundred men, that he has entered Tornadis, or Ta-
berna, or some other of the frontier towns, and that
after levying a heavy contribution on the inhabitants,
and plundering the gold plate of the monasteries, he
has marched onwards to ignite again the conflagra-
tions of revolt, and to ravage those towns and villages
in which his beloved cause is not greeted with accla-
mations. Such is the flexibility, the pertinacity, and
the unconquerable devotedness displayed by the
forces leagued together in the name of the Conde DE
MONTEMOLIN. Such is the shadowy but appalling
force against which the Narvaez Government are
at last beginning to arouse all their energies. As
long as scorn and misrepresentation were sufficient, so
long did the ruling administration at Madrid cross
the swords of CABRERA and his companions with the
hireling pens of obsequious and stipendiaried jour-
nalism. Now that the peril has become aggrandized
under the de►otion of the Carlist enthusiasts, the
Minister of War beholds the necessity for the em-
ployment of some more stern and substantial weapons
of antagonism. If a vivid evidence of this were re-
quired, it would be discoverable in the
extraordinary expedition of General CORDOVA
in person to the neighbourhood of Barce-
lona. At a moment, therefore, when the arms
of ISABELLA and of MONTEMOLIN appear to be on
the eve of being crossed—at a time when the mill.,
tary genius of CABRER♦ is being brosight into direct
opposition to the official power of CORDOVA—at a
time when the Crown of Spain is dependent upon
the success of the combatants marshalled against each
other at the foot of the Pyrenees—it becomes im-
portant to cast a glance of scrutiny at the pro-
gress of events in Catalonia. Hitherto the
combats of democracy in the central states
of Continental Europe have engrossed the
attention with their deeds and their vicissi-
tudes. Now, in its turn, the cause of legiti-
macy finds its champions, and the mind is startled by
the sudden clashing of the brands wielded by the ad-
herents of the different claimants of an ancient
dynasty. The insolence of SOTOMAYOR has effec-
tually alienated England from the side of ISABELLA
and the result is that the Government and the people
of the United Kingdom are gazing at the fluctuation
of occurrences in Arragon and the adjacent province
with a serene and almost sublime impartiality.

The railway panic still :continues. The accounts
from the Stock Exchange are more gloomy on each
succeeding day. If the slightest appearance of re-
action is apparent, the entire strength of the " Bears"
is exerted to stay its progress. They can well
afford to snake considerable sacrifices for that purpose,
considering the enormous amount they have realised by
the system—realised too at the expense of those who
invested their property in these great national
undertakings that will hereafter be looked upon
as the pride and glory of the nineteenth century.
The holders of railway stock have them-
selves, to a certain extent at least, to blame
for the extent to which the grievance has proceeded.
If they did not lend too ready a credence to the
sinister rumours fabricated and circulated by inte-
rested parties—if they held on the really valuable
property which they had acquired, and refused to sell
at the nominal quotations regulated for the purpose,
the "Bearish" game would be brought to a speedy ter-
' mination, and those who are now revelling in the
enormous profits they have realised, might have
a very different story, to tell. Indeed, any appear-
ance of firmness, a strong and determined resistance
on their part, would speedily arrest the evil, and
compel the"Bears"to disgorge some portion at least of
their gains. But it would require a vigorous deter-
mined, and united action-." a long pull, a strong
pull, and a pull altogether"—to attain this desidera-
tum. How soon will the stockholders awake from
tdeir lethargy and adopt the measures necessary for
the protection of their property from their perse-
vering assailants ? If an organized band of robbers
hung around the environs of a town, des-
poiling the inhabitants, and sweeping away
every description of property on which they
could lay their hands, a determined re.
sistance would speedily be organized. The people
would resist the plunderers -with all their energies—
they would associate themselves together, and every
available resource would be put in requisition to
obtain the victory that was essential for their pre-
servation. Why do not the railway interest act with
equal energy and decision ? Why will they waste
their resources in quarrels and disputes among them-
selves, when a common enemy threatens the general
destruction ? Isolated exertions will be of

little use against foes so; crafty, so per-
severing, and so reckless as to the means
by which they may attain their objects. To
be of real utility the movement must be a general
one, and must strike at the very root of the evil, the
" Bearing" system,which must be abolished, or at least
materially restricted, before anything like permanent
safety can be obtained.

It is the very same men who got up what may
well be termed " the railway mania" of 1845 who
are now operating in a different and equally mis-
chievous manner. Then companies were formed
and schemes set on foot, without the sligtest intention
of ever carrying the project into execution. Large
sums were obtained from the subscribers, which were
too often employed in what was termed " rigging the
market," and running the shares up to a fictitious
value, of which the parties in the secret took advan-
tage, and plundered the unwary of their hard earn-

ir gs. The very same machinery is now
Put into operation—the same end, that of
swindling the public is obtained, but in a very dif-
ferent manner. Then there was uuiversal confidence i
any person, however infamous his characters, had
only to set on foot a project, no matter how absurd,
to obtain any amount of money that might be asked
for. Now the want of confidence is equally foolish,
any rumour, however ridiculous, will find believers,
and the well proved integrity of men of the highest
honour will be suspected on the whispered insinuation
of an anonymous and malignant scoundrel. The
mania of 1848 is just as absurd, and, if
possible
more mischievous in its results, than that of 1815,
and a reaction will take place when the nation is ,
re-
stored to sanity, not indeed to the extent to which it
was once carried, but to something like the real
value of the property, which will be at least from 50
to 100 per cent. above the present prices.
We have received a number of communications
respecting the observations which we felt it our
duty to offer, on Friday last, on !the "Bearings
system, some of which will be found in another
part of this day's impression. There is
much truth in the suggestions of our es-
teemed correspondent "B. E." The stamp
duty charged upon the transfer of railway shares
operates most prejudicially to the interests of all
holders of railway stock, and tends to depreciate the
value of their property to an extraordinary extent.
It facilitates the operations of the "Bears," and affords
excuses of which they are not slow to avail them-
selves. The best mode of defeating their schemes is
frustrated by means thereof, and of the very unne-
cessary delays that take place in the actual trans-
fer of shares. An easy remedy could, however, be
found for this; but the first object for which the

shareholders should exert themselves, should be to
obtain the, total and immediate abolition of the
impolitic and unjust impost, under and by
means of which they have been such heavy
sufferers. The directors of the different railways
should meet together to point out the vexatious and
troublesome enactments that press unduly upon
them. A strenuous effort should be made for a
revision of the entire railway code, to obtain the
repeal of those provisions which operate injuriously
without affording any adequate benefit to the com-
munity in general.

THE FRENCH REPUBLIC.

We have received the Paris papers of Saturday and
yesterday.

The French Ministry, or to speak more correctly,
the Minister-at-War, General LAMORICIERE, was
subjected to two defeats in the Assembly of a suffi-
ciently mortifying character on Friday and on Sa-
turday, the result of which would probably have
been the immediate resignation of General Lamoar-
crsaa, had not General Lunastort, in the course of
the debate on Saturday, made a direct attack
upon him of so virulently personal a character
that, at the request of General LAMORICIERE him-
self, the Assembly fixed Monday (this day) as the
day on which General LEDRIITON is to bring forward
in a formal manner his accusations against the Mi-
nister. The question on which General LAMORICIERE
suffered these successive defeats was that raised by
the 107th Article of the Constitution, and the question
as put from the Chair on Friday was as follows :
The President-.--We now come to Art. 107, which
runs thus—" Every Frenchman, unless in the excep-
tions fixed by the law, is liable in person to service
in the army and navy, and in the National Guard.
Substitutes are prohibited." The committee proposes
to omit the words " in person" in the first paragraph
and to suppress the second one. M. Deville demands
that the original reading shall be maintained.
After M. Devine had spoken in support of his pro-
, position,
General Lamorci;re, tha Minister of War, proposed
that the Assembly should postpone until the discus-
sion of the organic laws, the further consideration of
the article ; at the same time expressing himself as
decidedly hostile to the system of substitutes.
This proposition was opposed by M. Thiers, the
brother-in-law of General Lamoriciere, and on a
division there appeared :
For an adjournment .. 259
For the immediate discussion 503
Majority
The discussion, in consequence came on on Satur-
day, and the system of substitutes was advocated by
M. Thiers in an eloquent and convincing speech.
General Lamoriciere in reply, speaking in his
own name, but not that of the Government, declared
that he was of opinion that the power of employing
substitutes ought to be done away, but he supported
this opinion more on account of the abuses to which
the practice of remplacement gave rise, than on the
general principle.
On a division the amendment, notwithstanding the
support it had received from General Lamoriciere,
was negatived by a majority of 663 against 140.
It was during the course of this discussion on
Saturday that the scene took place between Generals
Lamoriciere and Lebreton. Scarcely had General
Lamoriciere concluded his speech, when General
Lebreton rose, and denounced General Lamoriciere
as a man who had arrived at his present position by
favour and not by merit, and who had made use of
his present power in an arbitrary manner, and
in a manner contrary to the laws. This
brought up General Cavaignac, who expressed
his surprise to hear General Lebreton, who had
served in Africa, say that General de Lamoriciere
had not gained his present position by his merits and
services ; and he added that what astonished him
was to find that he (General Cavaignac) was at the
top of the tree, while such a man as General La-
moilciere was a step below him. This speech of
General Cavaignac's was received with loud applause,
but General Lebreton persisted in his charge against
General Lamoriciere of having done acts, in the
course of his administration, contrary to justice and
to the laws of the army ; and ultimately, on the de-
mand of General de Lamoriciere himself, Monday
was fixed as a day on which General Lebreton would
be allowed to bring his charges forward in a more
formal manner.

There are only six articles of the Constitution now
remaining for discussion, and it is decided that the
Government, in concurrence with the Committee of
the Constitution, shall present a decree to the As-
sembly, fixing the 10th December as the day for the
election of President. The chances of Prince Louis
NAPOLEON are greatly diminished, as the Socialists
/ have determined to start M.R.AspAIL as their candi-
date for the Presidency. The Red Republicans are
divided between M.M. LEM/ ROLLIN and CAussi-
DIERE, but they are determined to start one, it' not
both of them. The chances of General CAVAIGNAC
are somewhat improving, and the intentions of the
friends of M. DE LAMARTINE may he gathered from
the following, which appears in the Bien Public
" The Patric yesterday addressed to us the following
question:—' In four words, we a►k the Bien Public if M.
de Lamartine is decided or not to withdraw from the
number of candidates for the presidentship of the Re-
public.' In four words we reply to the Patrie, that it
does not belong to any one to canvass for or refuse a
candidateship for the office of President. The great po-
litical truths, the ideas, and the sentiments of a nation,
of an epoch, are personified in proper names. These
names are in the public conscience, and the hand of the
people, in throwing them into the balloting-box,
will know how to assign theta the part which suits
the interests of France and the greatness of the Re-
public."
The Union says,—
" M. de Lamartine will have many votes in some
of the departments, in spite of his weakness for the
extreme parties. It was not forgotten that it was he
who, by his sublime words, cast the red flag into the
mire."

The Railway Ccmmittee, which met some months
back at Brussels, on the part of France, Prussia, and
Belgium, to agree on a convention for the transit of
the trains through the different countries, is about to
meet again in that city towards the end of the pre-
sent month. In consequence, however, of the dis-
turbed state of Germany, the Convention, which had
been spoken of, is to be for the present reduced to a
mere agreement, to be herafter transformed into a
treaty when circumstances will admit of that course.

" The Minister of War," says the Dien Public,
"communicated last evening, towards the end of the
sitting, a dispatch of which the folllowing is the sub-
stance :—' The Hungarians, who were at some leagues
from Vienna, attacked the army of Jua.Acuteu on
the rear and entirely defeated it."'
BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT Till

LONDON STOCK-EXCHANGE, 0cr.21.
Northern of France, 6—Paris and Lyons, 4.—Tours and
Nantes, 114,.

SPAIN.

Madrid journals of the 16th have arrived. Their
contents are unimportant.

MADRID BOIS:i, OCT. 16.—The Three per Cents,
were done at 19 cash, and were 1D to Isi buyers
after the close; Fire per Cents. 91 buyers, sellers,
but 11 is stated as the price offered for small bonds ;
Coupons, 5i sellers ; Passive Debt, 3 buyers,
sellers; Bank Shares, 44 buyers; Discount on notes,
1i to 2 per cent.; Exchange on London, 48 60.