The Sun.
London, England, 1848-08-19 00:00:00

man in the colony a vote, and of establishing a representative
assembly, which, in conjunction with the Governor, was to
carry on the government. The Hon. Member further as-
serted that settlers could not obtain land, but his fear had no
foundation, except in his imagination, as they
could always buy it from the company. But, after all,
the proposal was not to grant any exclusive rights or despo-
tic powers. The Hon. Member's arguments might be good
at a future day for destroying the power of the Hudson's Bay
Company, as similar arguments might be used against the
East India Company, bat they had nothing to do with the
immediate subject. The point was this :—The Crown, see-
ing no other chance of colonizing Vancouver's Island, made
a grant of it to the Hudson's Bay Company, revocable at the
end of eleven years. He did not wish at that moment to
enter at any length into the merits of the Hudson's Bay
Company, but he must say he relied mach on the opinion of
Lord Elgin, who said that all the inquiries he had made had
turned out highly favourable to the company, and that he
believed they ruled the vast and inhospitable regions entrusted
to them in a highly creditable manner. If the House did not
wish to let Vancouver's Island fall into the hands of the
Americans, he trusted they would negative the amendment
of the Hon. Member for Montrose.
Mr. GOULBURN said that first the Hon. Member for
Liskeard had complained of a speech having been made with-
out a motion, and now the Noble Lord complained of the
Hon. Member for Montrose for making a motion.
Mr. BULLER explained.
Mr GOULBURN said that be objected to the grant as im-
provident, because the company was not in a condition to
form a colony, a fact which he was justified in believing from
their past conduct. The Noble Lord had urged that if we
did not take possession of the island, the Americans would
settle there. Could there be a more important reason for
taking every care that the island was settled properly.
—(Hear, hear.) We should take possession of it in the name
of the Queen of England, and then we might defy any
attempts from the United States.--(Hear, hear.) As to
the company's privileges standing in the way, he would re-
mind the Noble Lord that, in granting these privileges, Lord
Glenelg had expressly stipulated that whenever the British
Government settled a colony within their limits the privi-
leges of the company were to cease. It was quite clear that
by the grant now proposed this useful caution would be
abrogated, and the company would obtain entire control.
He was opposed to leaving this valuable island in the hands
of those who, without imputing any evil disposition to them,
he must say had not the capacity or the interest to effect a
settlement advantageous to this country. He therefore cor-
dially hoped that the subject would be considered by the Go-
vernment.
Mr. DUNCAN said that he had discovered in the Com-
mittee of which he had been a Member, that no less than
600,0001. had been charged to the country for the repurchase
of land, for which not a farthing had been paid. He hoped
that the Government would carefully consider the matter
before they made a grant which might be the means of en-
tailing a very considerable expense upon the taxes of the
country.
The House then divided, when the numbers were—
' For Mr. Hume's motion 5B
Against it
Majority ....
On our re-admission to the gallery, we found
Colonel SIBTHORP addressing the House, and after al-
luding to the number of hours for which the House had been
sitting that day, he asked the Noble Lord at the head of the
Government whether it was his intention at that period of
the night (half-past 11 o'clock) to force on the third reading
of the Corrupt Practices Bill ? Many Hon. Gentlemen had
left the House under the impression that that measure would
not come on to-night.
Lord J. RUSSELL intended to ask the House to proceed
to the third reading of the Corrupt Practices Bill that night.
If it should be urged, and the House should consider that
the hour was too late, then he should propose that the House
should take the third reading at 12 o'clock to-morrow (this
day.)—(Oh, oh.)
Colonel SIBTHORP felt that he should be forgetting what
he owed to his own character if he assented to such a con-
temptible answer as that.—(Loud laughter.)
MISCELLANEOUS ESTIMATES.
The House then went into Committee of Supply.
A vote of 90,000/. was agreed to, to complete the vote for
the advancement of education in Ireland.
Also a vote of 4,0001. to complete the vote for the expenses
of the School of Design and Provincial Schools.
Mr. LABOUCHERE remarking, in answer to a question
from Mr. Hume, that he should be glad when the time ar-
rived at which theee valuable institutions could be entirely
self-supporting ; but that it was not yet come.
The next vote proposed was of 2,0061. for salaries and al-
lowances granted to certain professors in the universities of
Oxford and Cambridge.
Mr. OSBORNE would divide against this vote. The
Committee on the Miscellaneous Expenditure stated that
however much the education of the poor ought to be a subject
of, national consideration, they entertained very serious
doubts as to the principle of grants of public money for the
purpose of education at the universities.—(Hear.) It was
not fair to call upon the country to pay this sum, when these
universities did not admit all parties to their benefits.—
(Hear, hear.) A deputition had been to the Government
which stated that certain classes at the universities, classes
for which the Committee was now asked to make this grant,
were almost wholly deserted.
Sir R. INGLIS supported the vote, and reminded the
Committee that similar grants were made for the University
of London, which was open to all sects ; that 30,0001. were
granted to the Roman Catholics, and four or five times as
much as these universities was granted to a dissenting insti-
tution at Belfast.
Lord J. RUSSELL, though he should be sorry to reduce
the remuneration granted to these professors, and which they
were led to understand they would retain, thought it would
bi of advantage if some mode could be devised to render
these professors more useful. Though the statutes of the
universities prohibited dissenters from taking degrees, dis-
senters and Roman Catholics were permitted to be educated
at the University of Cambridge. He thought the objection
to altering the constitution of the universities might be re-
moved, and the advantage sought for by dissenters and
Roman Catholics, educated at Cambridge, obtained in
respect to degrees, if certificates of proficiency were given
by the university, which should entitle the parties to degrees
at. the University of London. With regard to Oxford he
should say nothing at present.
After a few words from Mr. BUNBURY, in support of
the vote,
Mr. W. F. FOX reminded the Hon. Baronet (Sir R. Inglis)
that time had changed the constitution of the universities.
They were originally national; but now they were exclusive
to the middle and lower classes, and exclusive also on reli-
gious grounds. As an encouragement to literature the vote
was useless while it was for the benefit of a class of persons
who did not require it.
Mr. GOULBURN objected to the :intendment. The Hon.
and Gallant Member who proposed it was in error when he
said the universities of Oxford and Cambridge conferred no
advantage upon the poorer classes of this country. The aris-
tocracy, it was true, were educated at those universities, but
how many persons were there of humble origin wl; o obtained
degrees there, and afterwards became distinguished at the bar
and other pursuits.
Mr. HUME also complained of the exclusion of the poor
and different classes of religionists from the benefits which
the universities conferred.
Mr. H. DRUMMOND thought all sects ought to partici-
pate in the advantages conferred by the establishment of the
professorships. It was said that they represented in that
House the aristocracy of mind, but they should also remem-
ber they represented the democracy of poverty.
Mr. GLADSTONE entirely sympathised in the observa-
tions made by the Hon. Member for Montrose. But he must
distinctly say that the poor were not excluded from the uni-
versities, although he deeply regretted that their reception
at them was not so general as he fervently hoped it would
soon be.
Colonel THOMPSON could not allow this matter to pass
without saying that he had strong doubts whether the dis-
senters would agree to such a compromise as had been pro-
posed by the Noble Lord.---(Hear, hear.) Speaking sin-
cerely, he did not see why they should be content to labour
under the inferiority and inconvenience of being obliged to
keep their terms in one university and take their degrees at
another. There must surely be some potent reason why
they were incompetent to take their degrees at the univer-
sity where they had kept their terms, and why the univer-
sity should be ashamed of them ; and he wished to know
what it was. As a university man he could not help know-
ing the difficulty raised with respect to the admission of Dis-
senters. It was said they could not join in the religious
ordinances of the dominant sect in the existing colleges of
the universities; but there was one ready way
to get over
that difficulty, by the Dissenters establishing a college for
themselves.
Mr. ANSTEY observed, that the Dissenters and Noncon-
formists, including Roman Catholics, had a university open
to them at present in the University of London.
Mr. EWART thought it a great evil that the tutorial
should supersede the professional system in the universities.
After a few words from Mr. OSBORNE,
The House divided, when there appeared
For the vote
Against it
Majority
—76
4,1781. for the University of London.—Agreed to.
7,480/. for the Universities in Scotland.—Agreed to.
The House then resumed ; the chairman reported progress, and obtained leave to sit again on Monday next at 12 o'clock.
CORRUPT PRATICES AT ELECTIONS BILL.
Lord J. RUSSELL moved the third reading of the above-
named Bill.
Colonel SIBTHORP rose, and was received with derisive
diem by Members on the. Ministerial benches. He said
that he had been accustomed, in passing along a turnpike
road, to hear the cackling of geese and the braying of asses,
and therefore he was not troubled by the noises by which the
wretches opposite assailed him.—(Order, Chair).
The SPEAKER informed the Hon. and Gallant Member
that he must not apply such an epithet to Members of the
HoUse.
Colonel SIBTHORP was of opinion that " want of de-
cency was want of sense."—(Hear, bear.) That the Noble
Lord should dare to propose the third reading of the Bill at
that late hour was only in accordance with his usual prac-
tic94--(0b,) Those who cried " Oh" were looking for some-
thing from the Noble Lord, but he was not, and therefore
wasd not afraid to speak his mind. The Bill was a low,
clink measure, unbecoming the Noble Lord as a man, a
Christian, and a legislator.
Mr. HOBHOUSE made several objections to the Bill,
anO:noved that it be read a third time that day six months.
IS r. HENLEY said it was unfair to discuss the Bill at
tha late hour, but it would be still more unfair to discuss it
on tis morrow. He complained of the indecent haste with
whith the Bill had been forced upon the House, and urged
i
some objections to several of its provisions, among which he
considered the compulsory production by a professional man
of his banker's book to be a peculiar grievance. He certainly
would support the amendment.
Mr. ANSTRY wished to make an observation in a matter
persimal to himself. On a late occasion he had made some
observations on the conduct of the Right Honourable Se-
cretary for Ireland with reference to the late Dublin
theßill
rested wa
on
theelection. He had since ascertained that the information
euhpioenf
ehtien whichjec he
e had made
eths of
observationsose un-
founded, and he therefore at once retracted them. His
to the provisions
indemnity it gave to witnesses who might be examined. The
Attorney-General himself would be permanently screened
from' all prosecution and penalties on account of alleged
malpractices at Horsham by consenting to give evidence
before these commissioners. Surely this was not seemly.
This
Bill was an infraction of the Constitution,
and he hoped
it would be declared a nullity by the judges f the land. Be-
fore be sat down, he wished to put a question to the Mem-
ber for South Lancashire (Mr. W. Brown). lie found it
stated in a paper of the Manchester or free-trade school that
the Hon. Member had, on the last occasion but one when the
Bill''as before the house, imputed to him something like
briby or corrupt practices at Youghal. He did not pro-
fess to understand the language of the Manchester school;
but the statement seemed to be, that before or after the elec-
tion he had distributed among certain electors of Yonghal a
fat goose.—(Great laughter.) He found that in another
newspaper the Hon. Gentleman was reported to have said,
not that he gave a fat goose, but that he (Mr. Anstey) was
himself the fat goose.—(More laughter.) He wished to know
which of these charges was the correct one? If it was the
latter, he had nothing to say, except that if he was a fdt
goose, he might liken the Hon. Member to n gosling.—("Oh,

ganizing a wise system of colonization; so that all the ad-
vantages which the United States of America derived from,
their annual colonization of the far west might be derived by
us from our annual and constant colonization of the vast and
fertile colonies belonging to the Crown.—(Hear, hear.) He
should be ashamed in any circumstances, or on account of
any effect that might be experienced by Government, to de-
fend any steps that had been taken hostile to the interests of
colonization.—(Hear.) He believed the Right Hon. Gentle-
man had underrated or misunderstood the particular circum-
stances of Vancouver's Island, and he defended the course
that had been taken with regard to that island as the wisest
that could have been adopted. The Right Hon. Gentleman
talked of absolute government and its abuses; but it was his
belief that absolute government never existed anywhere
without being abused; and he should have been suprised
if charges had not been brought against the Hudson's Bay
Company on this head. But what had all this to do with
the question? Was the Government about to give a mono.
poly of trade to the Hudson's Bay Company? Why it had
got it already. It had the exclusive right of trading all over
that country, and had enjoyed that right for many years.
Then as to the absolute government of the company, and
its chopping off heads without trial, and taxing without
power, was it proposed to place any body of the English
people under such absolute government ?—(Hear, hear.)
On the contrary, they were proceeding on the principle that
all who settled there were to be under a perfectly free and
representative government.—(Hear, hear.) But the Right
Honourable Gentleman said the proposed arrangement would
have the effect of destroying future empires and great states,
and that it was disposing for ever of the fortunes of the
colony. Now what did the arrangement in reality come
to? It was merely a limited disposal, upon certain condi-
tions, of the lands of this colony to the Hudson's Bay Com-
pany for eleven years.—(Hear, hear.)
Mr. HUME—It is a grant in perpetuity.
Mr. BULLER would show, hereafter, that it was a con-
ditional grant for only eleven years. In the mean time he
would advert to the statement of the Right Hon. Gentleman
that the colony was to be put under absolute government.
Mr. GLADSTONE had not said so.
Mr. BULLER—The Right Hon. Gentleman said these
people were to be under a mockery of a government foreign
to their wants, feelings, and habits. He said it was a farce
giving representative institutions to these people, who, from
their dependence on the company, and from the character of
their minds, and the state of their education, were unfit to
maintain their rights. Now he differed from that view.
He thought that if they gave them representative institu-
tions they would make these servants of the company their
masters. /I' they gave them the right of governing the
colony, whateier might be the powers and privileges of the
company, they would be bound to obey the Assembly, how-
ever constituted ; and in a short time their privileges would
be extended to the community at large. (Hear,.
hear.) His confidence in representative govern-
ment would be entirely shaken if he did not think that
the establishment: of it in Vancouver's Island would be in-
compatible with the exercise of absolute government.—
(Hear.) The Right Hon. Gentleman next said the company
was an anti-colonizing company. Now, the very first object
of Government was to make large colonization one of the
conditions of the grant. He admitted that the grant was
stated in the charter to be given to the company, their heirs,
and their successors, " for ever;" but then this was clogged
with a condition " that this present grant is made to the in-
tent that the said goo• s. or and company shall establish upon
the said island a ent or settlements of resident colo-
nists, emigranta from our kingdom of Great Britain and Ire-
land, or from other our dominions, and shall dispose of the
land there as may be necessary for the purpose of promoting
settlements (and fpr the actual purpose of promoting settle-
ments), and for the actual purposes of colonization, and
shall, once in every two years at the least, certify, under the
seal of the said governor and company, to one of our principal
Secretaries of State what colonists shall have been from time
to time settled in the said colony, and what lands shall have
been disposed of."—(Hear, hear.) But thou, said the
Right Honourable Gentleman, " the Secretary for the
Colonies called a few wretched settlers at a particular
sound a colony." The charter, however, went on to
say :—" And we further declare, that this present grant is
made upon this condition, that if the said governor and com-
pany shall not, within the term of five years from the date
of these presents, have established upon the said island a set-
tlement of resident colonists, emigrants from the United King-
dom of Great Britain and Ireland, or from other our domi-
nions, and it shall, at any time after the expiration of such
term of five years be certified in us, our heirs or successors,
by any person who shall be appointed by us, our heirs or suc-
cessors, to inquire into the condition of such island, that such
settlement has not been established aceording to the intent
of this our grant, it shall be lawful for us, our heirs and suc-
cessors, to revoke this present grant, and to enter upon and
resume the said island and premises hereby granted." But
were all these provisions insufficient? If so, 'there was
another great provision that overrode them all. It was pro-
vided that, " And we hereby declare, that this present grant
is, and shall be, deemed and taken to be made upon this further
condition, that we, our heirs and successors, shall have, and we
accordingly reserve unto us and them, full power, at the ex-
piration of the said governor and company's grant or license
of or for the exclusive privilege of trading with the Indians,
to repurchase and take of and from the said governor and
company the said Vancouver's Island and premises hereby
granted, in consideration of payment being made by us, our
heirs or successors, to the said governor and company, of
the sum or sums of money theretofore laid out and ex-
pended by them in and upon the said island and premises."•
Mr. HUME—But we are also to take their establishments
at a valuation.
Mr. BULLER—No doubt it was provided that we were
to pay them " the value of their establishments, property,
and effects." It would be surprising indeed if the Govern-
ment of this country, after encouraging the company to
raise establishments and buildings in the island, should
take them from them for nothing. It would indeed be an
extraordinary supposition for men of common honesty to
make.—( Hear, hear.) Then what was the important bar-
gain made with this company? It was this—that that com-
pany, having the exclusive privilege of trading over the
country, were to carry on the government with a representa-
tive assembly, and make settlements, with the condition
that if they were not made in five years the grant might be
revoked, and that at the end of eleven years, if we saw cause
to repent of the arrangement, we might enter on possession
of the island simply by paying the money that had been laid
out. One of two things would of course happen in the island
—either the company would not make large settlements, and
the amount to be paid on resuming the island would be very
small, or they would erect splendid establishments, which
would be a sufficient index of prosperity, and therefore there
would be no cause to interfere.—(Hear, hear.) He thought,
then, that as provident a bargain had been made as could be
arranged under the circumstances. The Right Hon. Gentle-
man had insinuated that the Red River settlement was a
great reproach to the company, and he complained that they
had not established agricultural settlements. Now, a more
groundless charge than that they had not established agri-
cultural settlements in the inaccessible regions approaching
Hudson's Bay could hardly have been made. When it was
considered that' this company had established a thriving
settlement hundreds of miles beyond the point occupied
by any English or American settlers, he thought it was
a marvellous instance of the successful manner in
which colonization had been carried out by this company.
The peat misapprehension which gentlemen laboured under
was, that this Vancouver's Island was a noble field for colo-
nization, whereas he believed it was the very last place where
art attempt would be made by any large body of settlers to
form a colony. Vancouver's Island was, in fact, the lastspot
in her Majesty's dominions; to which the stream of emigra-
tion was likely to flow. Let them look at the map of the
'world, and it would be seen that, considering the expense
and the time required to reach it, it was the very farthest
spot from this country.—(Hear, hear.) He did not doubt
that in the course of hundreds of years it might become a
field for colonization, but no one could with truth venture to
say that it was so at the present moment. It was impossible
for emigrants to reach Vancouver's Island at an expense of
less than 501. a head, and after a voyage of six months.
His belief was, that till they had filled the Cape of Good
Hope, New Holland, and New Zealand, Vancouver's Island
would be a closed field for emigrants.—(Hear, hear.)
What was the trade of this place? Talk of its harbour.; !
for what purpose of maritime defence, command, or trade ?
The whole Pacific was commanded by other harbours—
by Labuan, New Zealand, and Hong-Kong. Were we to
abandon our natural fields of colonization for Vancouver's
Island? Talk of trade—what trade had we with Vancou-
ver's Island ?- What produce had the island to offer us?
He believed his Hon. Friend the Secretary for the Colonies
had rather depreciated the climate. His own American ex-
perience led him to believe that it had one of the finest
climates in the world—(Hear, hear)—but with regard to
soil, it was suite different. The report was there was ex-
ceedingly little valuable land. He had never heard that
there was any valuable timber, or any particular produce in
that country. But if there were all these things, where were
the hands to work them after a six months' voyage and a
passage-money of 501. per head? The colonization of Van-
couver's Island was a chimera for the present generation.
However much we might pride ourselves on the extent of
our empire and powers of colonisation, he very much
doubted whether, looking at the matter without national
vanity, and with a sober, calm, and dispassionate spirit, we
must not make up our minds to this, that Vancouver's
Island would remain a very small settlement for the next
hundred years. When the tide of the American population
should have extended over the Rocky Mountains,
filled California with an enterprising race, and crept
up the coast, Vancouver's Island and the Oregon territory
would probably be settled. When we had done our duties
of colonization in other parts of the world, our population
might go out there; but this he must beg gentlemen to re-
collect, that when they talked of the colonial empire of Eng-
land and colonization. they referred to no little field, and the
necessity of no insignificant efforts. He wished he saw some
beginning of a great scheme of colonization. He wished he
could see the nearest of our resources turned to account. He
wished to see the difficulties that prevented our emigrants
settling in Canada and British North America removed. He
wished he could see the magnificent region of the Cape set-
tled, with a climate the finest in the world, and many facili-
ties for growing some of the most valuable raw materials of
consumption. He wished he could see New Holland, with
its vast sea coast and all its capabilities, turned to good ac-
count. He wished he could see New Zealand covered with
an hundred such settlements as those planted by the com-
pany. When we had done all this, we might begin to cast
about in order to make Vancouver's Island available for colo-
nization. This might be some forty, fifty, or a hundred years
hence. In the mean time came the period of eleven years,
within which, to use the emphatic language of the charter, we
might " repurchase and take of the Hudson's Bay Company,
at the cost of all they had laid out in the interval, the whole
land now granted to them."—(Hear, hear.)
Mr. HUME had been very much surprised to hear the
complaint made that the Government had been taken by
surprise by this discussion. Several weeks ago a Noble
Lord (the Earl of Lincoln) put a notice on the books upon
this subject, and it certainly was not the fault of the Noble
Lord the Member for Falkirk that it had not been
papers
brought forward. In 1840 he had himself moved for
and complained of the renewal of the lease to the Hudson's
Bay Company without the knowledge of that House. The
Bon. Gentleman the Member for Newcastle-under-Lyme
having consulted him in the month of March last what
should be done to prevent Hudson's Bay Company
having a renewal until some inquiries taken place, he
advised the Hon. Member to g to the Colonial Department
wouldd not grant
and ask the very simple question that th
a renewal of the lease until the inquir Yu
under Lord Elgin
had terminated, and the result was in the hands Members.
The Honourable Gentleman did so, and promise to that
effect had been made; but about a month afterwards
suspecting that something was going wrong, and that the
Colonial-office would not keep its word, the lioneurablo
Gentleman asked again what should be done? A letter was
then written by his advice to the Secretary of State, asking
-whether the Honourable Gentleman had been under a
misapprehension when he understood that no steps should be
taken in this matter until the inquiry was complete. His
principal ground of complaint was that any Secretary of
State should take upon himself to dispose of such immense
interests without deigning to consult or lay information be-
fore Parliament. Such a thing would not have been dorukin
former days. He challenged the power of any Secretary of
State,aye, even of the Sovereign, to give away in this manner
what belonged to the nation.—[ The Hon Member then read
a letter from iMr. Christy to Dir. Under-Secretary Hawes,
inquiring, in order to remove misapprehension, whether he
bad correctly understood Ur. Hawes, that it was the iateu.

tion of the Government to wait a report from Lord Elgin,
and to:give Parliament an opportunity of considering the
subject, before any privileges of the Hudson's Bay Com-
pany were renewed ; and the answer of Mr. Hawes,
that he (Mr. Christy) had understood him correctly;
that Government had not come to any decision, and in-
tended to wait for the report of Lord Elgin, and that.
before any decision was finally come to, Lord Grey would
give ample opportunity for the consideration of the
subject.] He considered that there had been a complete
breach of faith. What was his surprise when the Hon.
Member came to him and said he believed something was
going on l He (Mr. Hume) said it could not be; but so it
was. This was not the fault of the Right Hon. Gentleman
(Mr. C. Buller), or of the Noble Lord (Lord J. Russell) ; he
had to complain, and he did complain, not only in this in-
stance, but in other instances, of the conduct of the Colonial
Secretary. The Right Hon. Gentleman (Mr. Buller) said
there had been a great mistake as to the capabilities of
Vancouver's Island; that it had no water, no wood, and was
not calculated for colonization. Now, he (Mr. Hume) held
in his hand a report from Mr. Douglas, a public officer of
the Hudson'sßay Company, which stated that there was an
abundance of timber on the island ; that its coast was in-
dented with bays and inlets, having good anchorage ; and
that the soil had great capabilities for agriculture. The
Right Hon. Gentleman said that the soil was bad ; but this
gentleman stated that more than two-thirds of the
surface of the island was prairie land, and other
parts were covered with valuable oak and the finest timber;
that the climate was mild and pleasant, and that there
might be grown upon the island any kind of grain that was
raised in England. This was the place which the Right
Hon. Gentleman said was unworthy of being attended to
until every other part of the world had been colonised. Sir
George Simpson, in a letter dated the 21st of June, 1844,
said that the country and climate were " remarkably fine ;"
that the soil was fit for agriculture, and the rearing of domes-
tic cattle; and that the place would become important, and
was better calculated for a depot for trade than any place in
its neighbourhood. In other respects this island was im-
portant in a commercial view. We had lost by our absurd
law the southern whale fishery, and this island might be
made the resort of the whale fishery. Sir G. Simpson stated
that American whale ships had resorted there, and that he
thought it likely to become a depot for that purpose,
as it was much nearer the fishing ground than
California. We were now handing over this island to a
company of the despotic character which the Right Hon.
Gentleman (Mr. Gladstone) had so forcibly described. The
other Right Hon. Gentleman (Mr. Buller) asked whether
capital would not find its way thither if it could be advan-
tageously
employed; but it was not so much capital that
was wanted as settlers. It was by giving employment that
colonies arose; but he believed the object of the company
was to keep out all colonisation in order to engross the fur
trade, since colonization would, to a certain degree, en-
croach upon the trade of the company. He thought the
Right Hon. Gentleman (Mr. Gladstone) had made out such
a case against the Government that the House ought
po address her Majesty not to grant a charter to the com-
any without inquiry. The Columbia River, which the
Americans had, was obstructed by bars; Vancouver's Island,
so available for trade, was distant from China only a
voyage of 18 days. Plenty of men and plenty of capital
Would go there if the settlers were independent. There
were coal-fields covering 50 square miles in the island, the
coal cropping out at the top, and costing but little to raise ;
it was lamentable, therefore, to think that, anxious as we
Were to promote colonization by self.govenaing settlers, we
should surrender such an opportunity to this company. The
fight Hon. Gentleman (Mr. Buller) had laboured to prove
at "forever," in the grant, meant only a limited time;
but he found that Sir John Pelly asked for land "in perpe-
lhity," and that there were the following words in the grant :
We do make, create, and constitute the said governor
and company for the time being, and their successors,
are true and absolute lords and proprietors of the said terri-
tbries, &c., for ever, to be holden of us in free and common
spccage, at the yearly rent of 75., payable to us and
our ancestors for ever."—(Loud laughter, occasioned by the
on. Member reading " ancestors" for " successors.") Prince
Edward's Island had been divided amongst 18 people in one
day, on condition that, for every acre, they should bring two
Protestants to settle on it. They had never brought one
sutler, yet they were allowed to hold, and did hold, the land
fli• 50 years. In the present case it was not what the com-
pany was permitted to do, but what they were allowed to
prevent others from doing. No man who read the papers
could hesitate to come to the conclusion that the company, a
body of monopolists, were to have the sole and entire posses-
sion of this large island, 250 miles long by 50 broad. He
proposed to move, and to take the sense of the House upon
the motion, " That an humble address be presented to her
Majesty, praying that her Majesty will be pleased not to
grant a charter to the Hudson s Bay Company, until further
inquiry has been made into the administration by the com-
pany of the settlement on the Red River, and until the ca-
pabilities of Vancouver's Island have been fully ascertained."
Mr. P. HOWARD said, the Right Hon. Gentleman (Mr.
Buller) had not grappled with the arguments of the Right
Hon. Gentleman opposite (Mr. Gladstone), who had shown
that the grant eonterred very wide powers upon a company
who were manifestly not promoters of colonization. He
quite agreed with the Right Hon. Gentleman opposite in
many of the views of this important subject which he had
taken, and he was sure the House and the country would
agree with him when he said it was a matter of no trifling
moment to England that in Vancouver's Island there should
be a thickly populated colony, capable of counterbalancing
neighbouring and, perhaps, hostile states. England should
there possess a colony of sufficient weight and power to be
useful in balancing the influence of the United States. He,
therefore, held that her Majesty's Government ought not to
be backward in following out the views of the Hon. Gentle-
man opposite, and of those who expressed similar sentiments
in the course of the present discussion.
Mr. HAWES wished to put the House right with respect
to the letter on which the charges against the Noble Earl at
the head of the Colonial-office had been founded. That
letter had no relation whatever to the subject now under
diScussion. It was addressed to him on the 4th of April,
1848, by the Hon. Member for Newcastle (as we understood),
and his answer to that letter was very speedily returned.
In that letter the Hon. Member inquired if he were to under-
stand the Government as saying that they would give Par-
liament an opportunity of considering the report that had
been made on the subject of Vancouver's Island before they
gianted any additional privileges to the Hudson's Bay Com-
pany. To this inquiry he (Mr. Hawes) replied that the
Hun. Member was quite right in concluding that no decision
would be immediately pronounced on the differences between
the Hudson's Bay Company and the settlers on the Red
River. Until after they had had communication with Lord
Elgin on the subject, the Colonial-office did not intend to
come to any decision. It must be obvious, then, to the
House that this correspondence had nothing whatever to do
with the colonization of Vancouver's Island; it merely re-
lated to the differences between the company and the set-
tlers; it was, therefore, unconnected with the present
qUestion.
Mr. CHRISTY observed that the Government had had
full notice, and might easily have brought the subject under
the consideration of Parliament. As there appeared to be
some slur thrown on the source from which he had derived
his information, he begged to say that his informant was
well acquainted with the circumstances which he detailed,
and, if it would not be occupying the attention of the House
too long, he would lay before them the fullest and most
satisfactory testimonials touching the respectability of that
gentleman. He was a clergyman, and the Roman Catholic
missionary at the Red River settlement. It happened that
that gentleman was instrumental in drawing up the petition
that had been presented to the Crown on this subject. His
informant, Mr. Belcourt Picton, certainly had been expelled
the settlement, but was shortly afterwards restored to his
position there through the interference of a society at the
head of which was the Noble Lord the Member for Arundel ;
that society, he believed, was called " the Society of St.
Thomas, of• Canterbury ;" and, through its agency, Mr.
Belcourt Picton was restored to his flock.
Mr. WYLD observed that Vancouver's Island was a
most important commercial as well as a political position ; it
was the sentinel of the Pacific Ocean; it covered all our
colonies in the basin of the Pacific—it was thirty-six days'
sail from Chusan, thirty-nine days' from Canton, forty-six
days' from Sydney, forty-three days' from New Zealand, and
when the shores of Western America were covered
with a busy population, Vancouver's Island, from
the superiority of its harbour, would be the
great commercial depot of that part of the world. The
Hon. Member for Liskeard had said that no return trade
could be carried on with Vancouver's Island. Was he
aware of the trade in salmon between this coast and China ?
Its agricultural products were exported to the northern Rus-
sian settlements, and some of the spars were of the finest
quality. Were the Government to make a pre-
sent to the Hudson's Bay Company of these valu-
able materials for the British navy? The Hudson's
Bay Company, during the negotiations with the United
States concerning the Oregon territory, did all they could to
conceal the nature and extent of its productions, and it was
not until the American Government proposed to establish
steam communication throughout the Pacific that the great
value of this island as a coal producing country was known,
and the Hudson's Bay Company showed their anxiety to
obtain it from the Crown; but were they to have
these coals without payment, when the lessees
of the island of Labuan were compelled to pay a royalty of
2s. 6d. per ton ? Why the Government might obtain a rent
of several thousands per annum from this source alone,
which might be applied to sending out emigrants to this
island. The Hon. Member for Liskeard (Mr. Buller) had
said that the expense of sending emigrants to Vancouver's
Island would be 501. per head. This was a great mistake.
There was a large trade between Great Britain and the
western coasts of South America in copper ore, guano, and
other products. The ships from England were sent out to
bring home these cargoes, either laden with coal, which was
carried at a nominal freight, or in ballast only. The ship-
owner would be too happy to take out emigrants at a cost
of 171. per head passage money, as-he is almost certain of a
return cargo homeward. This was riot the occasion for
entering into the peculiar privileges of the Hudson's Bay
Company, but he would call the attention of the House
to the fact, that the exports from Great Britain by the
Hudson's Bay Company had not increased within the last
100 years. They sent two or three ships laden with British
manufacture at that time, they sent the same number o
vessels now; and what was the effect of their monopoly?
Why, that they prevented an increase of trade, which would
benefit our great manufacturing cities, that they might levy
an enormous charge for freightage—and the trade, instead of
benefitting Great Britain, was thrown illicitly into the hands
of the Americans.
Lord J. RUSSELL said that the question had been treated
by the Hon. Member for Montrose in rather a singular
manner. He had given notice of an intention to call the
attention of the House to the proposed grant of Vancouver's
Island to the Hudson's Bay Company, and had made a
speech in keeping with that motion. The Hon. Member
threo
ssea naigeain course,ros e
abnudt
psubsequentlyt
n Idsiehedomubhl
should
arm
for
at took
onceio
nt
the
e HouseHB eo
seconded
come to a specific conclusion on
the question.
Mr. HUME explained that he merely proposed delay in
order that time might be had for inquiry.
Lord J. RUSSELL said that if the motion of the
Honourable Member were agreed to all steps in the
way of colonization must be postponed until the year
after next, and in the meantime the island would have
been settled by the Americans.—(Hear, hear.) He
(Lord J. Russell) admitted that it would be very
desirable if any company or individuals would under-
take the task of colonization immediately, but they could
not shut their eyes to the fact that the territory in question
had been obtained by treaty in 1846 ; that since then it had
been notorious that the Crown would grant land west of the
Rocky Mountains, and yet Lord Grey had received only one
tangible offer, that of the Hudson's Bay Company.—(Hear,
hear.) The Hon. Member opposite made two objections to
the company, one as to their being a monopoly, and the ether
as to their being despotic in their government. Now, how-
ever true that might be, it had no relation to the subject
mi
tsttrth
e h
with the Indians for 21 years,
and
it
having a
esomeoany'isncedh, inart 38er18m7 thetremain in force until
y obtained,
exclusivevs
privilege
not
p r
ofo
•
posed trading
, at the present time, to'givethem any new or exclu•
sive privileges.
As totu
thei was to apprehension of despotic govern-
meat, the present propose
surestaeblyli,sthhea
liGoonv.
rieirnemmhenert
on the basis of a free constition
could hardly be dissatisfied 'with the proposal of giving every

Jam....... ~/...1 ~~J

tit,.),:.;

THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING-, AUGUST 19, 1848.

oh," and laughter.) If the charge meant bribery, he utterly
repudiated it.

'The ATTORNEY-GENERAL said the 'lon. and Learned
Gentleman (Mr. Anstey) had made his opposition to the
Bill the means of more than once making a personal attack
on him. He had hitherto abstained from noticing these
personal attacks, because Members who were in the House
on the Wednesday when he opposed the progress of the
Roman Catholic Relief Bill of the Hon. Member for Youghal,
would understand why, on the following Thursday, that
gentleman began the attack on him which he had so per-
tinaciously followed out.—(Hear, hear.)
Mr. AIN STEY—It was begun before.
The ATTORNEY-GENERAL must say that befcre he
opposed that Bill his name was never mentioned.
Mr. ANSTEY—It's a mistake.

' The ATTORNEY-GENERAL—The Honourable Gen-
tleman had taken the opportunity to make these
attacks because an action had been brought against
him (the Attorney-General). On this point he
would take leave to say, upon his honour, that that
action had not been compromised—(Cheers)—and he would
say, upon his honour, that nothing would give him greater
pleasure than to have on that subject the most public inves-
tigation.—(Cheers.) He would state one or two facts,
without throwing out insinuations against anybody. His
son, as the House knew, was returned for Horsham; and he
certainly did not complain that on that occasion he was made
the subject of political attacks. When his son was unseated
another election took place, at which Lord E. Howard and
Mr. Fitzgerald were the candidates. That election took place
on the 29th of January. On the 30th of January he was
served with a writ, issued in the name of an attorney's clerk,
being, as he believed, clerk to Mr. Fitzgerald's attorney. He
gave instructions to his attorney to prepare for the defence;
care was taken to examine every person named in the de-
claration, and he was told by his attorney that not one
person named in the declaration was examined on the other
side.--(Loud cries of " Hear, hear.")
Mr. BANKES regretted that the name of Mr. Fitzgerald
had been mentioned by the Hon. and Learned Gentleman
(the Attorney-General). The solicitor who brought the
action might be Mr. Fitzgerald's solicitor, and yet that Hon.
Member might know nothing of the action against the Hon.
and Learned Gentleman.
The ATTORNEY-GENERAL said that he had merely
mentioned the fact.
Mr. W. BROWN said he had not the least objection to
restate what he had said on a former occasion.— (Laughter.)
He said that it was rumoured the constituency which the
Hon. and Learned Gentleman represented always looked out
for fat geese, and that when they got one they plucked him
very well.—(Laughter.)
Lord J. RUSSELL did not think there was any ground
of complaint in consequence of the manner in which he
pressed the Bill. On the contrary, he thougbt that it bad re-
ceived a great deal ef unnecessary opposition.—(Hear.)
The House then divided, when there appeared—
For the third reading
Against it l3
Majority for the third reading,' —67
On the motion that the Bill do pass,
Mr. ANSTEY suggested a course by: which the Hon. and
Learned Gentleman (the Attorney-General ) could drive the
plaintiff to prosecute his action.
The ATTORNEY-GENERAL said he had taken the
very course suggested by the Hon. and Learned Gentle-
man.—( Loud cheers.)
The Bill then passed.
The House adjourned at a Quarter past Two o'clock.

MR. BENTLEY
Has This Day published, in 3 vols. post Bvo.
A 0
A Romance of the Days of rerichis.
By the Author of " Azeth, the Egyptian."
Blehard Bentley, New Burlington-street.

11ER MAJESTY'S THEATRE.
Mdlle. JENNY LIND.
The Nobility, Gentry, Subscribers to the Opera, and the Public are
respectfully informed that a GRAND EXTRA NIGHT will take
place on TUESDAY EVENING, Aug. 22, and the FAREWELL
NIGHT on THURSDAY. Aug. 24, when hiadlle. JENNY LIND
will appear in one of her favourite characters.
With various novelties in the Ballet Department, combining the
talents of Mdlle. Carlotta Grisi, Mdlle. Carolina Rosati, Mdlle. M.
Taglion', Mdlle. Cerito, &c. &c.
Applications for Boxes, Stalls, and Tickets, to be made at the
Box-office of the Theatre.

It O B E R T HOUDIN.
ST. JAMES'S THEATRE.
By Particular Desire.
EMILE lIOUDIN'S BENEFIT.
GRAND EXTRA AND FINAL REPRESENTATION.
compliance with numerous applications, and owing to the dis-
appointment experienced by many parties in net procuring places at
his last representation, ROBERT HOUDIN will

THIS EVENING
give his Final Performance, previous to his departure for Man-
chester, being for the Benefit of his Son, EMILE HOUDIN, who
will exhibit during the Evening his extraordinary powers of SE-
COND SIGHT, in addition to a Selection from ROBEIxT HOUDIN'3
most popular Experiments and original Inventions.
Boxes and stalls may be secured at Mr. Mitchell's Royal Library,
33, Old Bond-street.

HER MAJESTY'S THEATRE.
Mdlle. JENNY LIND.
Last Night but Two of the Season.
The Nobility, Patrons to the Opera, and the Public are respectfully
informed that a GRAND EXTRA NIGHT will take place THIS
EVENING, on which occasion Mdlle. JENNY LIND will appear
as AMINA, in Bellini's Opera of
LA SONNAMBULA.
Amina, Mdlle. Jenny Lind ; Lisa, Mdlle. Vera ; Count Rodolpho,
Sig. F. Lablache ; Elvino, Sig. Gardeni.
After the Opera, the Second Tableau of the Ballet of ALMA.
To conclude with Selections from the admired Ballet of ONDINE,
by Mdlle. Cerito, Mdlle. Petit, and Mdlle. C. Rosati; M. Dor, M.
Perrot, aid M. St. Leon.
The Irr,e List is suspended, the public Press excepted.
Pit Tickets may be obtained as usual at the Box-office of the
Theatre, price 10s. 6d. each, where applications for Boxes, Pit stalls,
and Tickets are to be made.
Doors *pen at half-past seven. and commence at night o'clock.

THEATRE ROYAL, HAYMARKET.
Ireder the Management of Mr. B. Webster, sole Lessee.
Will be performed THETHIS W FLOERS OFEVENING, THE FOREST.
After which, the Farce of THE MOTHER AND CHILD ARE
DOING WELL.
To conclude with the laughable Farce of SEEING WRIGHT.

ROYAL SURREY THEATRE.
Under the direction of lir. Kerschner.
i'ositively the Last Week of Mrs. FITZWILLIAM and Mr. EITCIC-
BTONII, as they hate to appear in Manchester on Monday next.
THIS EVENING
Will bo performed THE FLOWERS OF THR FOREST, in whick
Mrs. Fitawilliam and Mr. Buckstone will perform.
After which, a Comic Drama, called A ROUGH DIAMOND, in
which Mrs. Fitzwilllam and Mr. Buckstono will perform.
To eoncludo with THE ROVER'S BRIDE.
Manager anal Treasurer, Mr. B. S. Fairbrother.

ASTLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE.
Proprietor, Mr. W. Batty.
Fitabstll's new and completely successful Spectacle.
Unparalleled Equestrian Feats.
THIS EVENING,
Will be performed, the new brilliant Spectacle, founded on Sir
Walter Scott's celebrated poetical Romance, and entitled MAR-
MION ; or, The Battle of Flodden Field.
To be followed by the inimitable EQUESTRIAN and GYMNAS-
TIC EXERCISES in the ARENA.
To conclude with a Grand Pageant, entitled LADY GODIVA
AND PEEPING TOM OF COVENTRY; or, Clearing the Toll.
Box-office open from Eleven till Five.
Stage Manager, Mr. W. West.

• ROYAL SURREY ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS.
Attraction unprecedented.
New Series of GRAND PROMENADE CONCERTS.
Continuation of MISS SARA FLOWER.
The DAYLIGHT VIEW of ROME, by Denson.
Superb and Unique MENAGERIE.
Grand Display of FIREWORKS, by the Messrs. Southby.
No Extra Charge.
MONDAY, TUESDAY, WEDNESDAY, THURSDAY, and
FRIDAY.
View of Rome,—Promenade Concerts, Vocal and Instrumental,
conducted by Mr. GODFREY, the splendid Band of Solo Performers
includes Messrs. Ciotti, Collins, sen., George and Viotti Collins, Eger-
ton, Griesbach, Stevenson, Hardy, &c.—Several favourite Songs by
Miss Sara Flower—Also to ba seen, during the day, the beautiful
Menagerie--Shakspere's House—The &tagie Bridge—and other no-
velties will be exhibited, the whole concluding with a most mag-
nificent and not to be rivalled display of Fireworks, by the Messrs.
Southby
Gates open at Ten a.m., Feeding Time Five—Concert at Six
—Fireworks at Nine.
On Wednesday next, the Boys of the Greenwich Hospital School,
accompanied by their Baud, will pay their Annual Visit to these
Gardens.

Admission, as usual, One Shilling.

THE WEATHER.—SUN OFFICE, AUGUST 19.
THERMOMETER, Lowest, 59; Highest. 68 ; Noon, 65
WIND S.S.W.; morning, showery.
Two o'CLocK.—Thermometer, 68, and sunshine.
BAROMETER, 29.81.

- -
HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE THIS DAY.
Miming .. 43 min. after 4 I Evening .. 43 rain. after 5

has justified conjectures which would have been other-
wise unjustifiable ; and that the reasonableness of all
these doubts and jealousies is demonstrated, not
less by the blundering logic of Mr. IlAwEs, and the
distorted statistics of Mr. CHARLES BULLER, than it
is by the overwhelming arguments of Mr. GLAD-
STONE, and the cogent facts* adduced towards the
close of the discussion by Mr. Wyr.D.
In proof of the fallacy of the calculations made
by the supporters of the Government, one or two
very simple denials will be amply sufficient. It is
declared, for example, that Vancouver's Island is
virtually useless to the mother country as a point of
emigration—seeing that the voyage from England to
Nootka Sound necessitates an interval of six months'
duration, and considering, moreover, that the cost of
the passage of every individual emigrant would be
not one sixpence less than SOL or GO/. Now the in-
sincerity of this statement is as visible as
daylight at noon, when it is announced,
upon incontrovertible authority, that there are downs
upon dozens of men in this very city of ; London
ready to undertake the exportation of emigrants,
at an outlay not exceeding fifteen pounds sterling
for each individual colonist. In addition to this, the
advocates of the policy propounded by Government
have asserted that the cost of emigration to Van -
couver's Island must necessarily be enormous—not
only in consequence of the length and duration of the
voyage, but also because the emigrant ships would
be compelled to return home with all the bar-
renness of a ballast of rubbish ; whereas,
the fruitfulness of this noble possession in copper ore
and other commodities, would of itself furnish every
inducement to the mercantile enterprise of Great
Britain. In timber alone the island of Quadra or
Vancouver is rarely productive—the illustrious Cook
describing it as " one vast forest." And subse-
quent investigations have only tended to corro-
borate the views of the great navigator—Mr. MAC-
GREGOR telling us, in one brief but emphatic sen-
tence, that " its harbours, its woods, its cultivable
soils, its wild animals, and its fisheries, may
afford sufficient advantages for cultivation and
settlement." (See " The Progress of America," vol.
i., p. 542.) This catalogue of advantages being
totally apart, be it observed, from the mineral and
other productions of the splendid island contiguous
to the Oregon territories ! And it is this
very contiguity to the mainland of North
America at the precise spot in regard to which the
demands of Lord ASHBURTON clashed with the de-
mands of the plenipotentiary from Washington—
Vancouver's Island being situated between latitudes
48. degrees 15 minutes north, and .51 degrees
30 minutes north ; and longitudes 122 degrees
30 minutes and 128 degrees 15 minutes west ; a trifle
northwards of the point where the waters of the river
Columbia are poured into the billows of the Pacific.
Supposing the island to be so comparatively unpro-
ductive and useless in regard to the mother country,
in consequence of the difficulties of communication, it
surely would not have constituted a matter of so much
importance in the estimation of the negotiators of the
Oregon division. Besides, if the difficulty of access
be the principal objection to the continued re-
tention of the island, it is most cer-
tainly a matter of by no means subordinate con-
sideration that the difficulties of engineering on the
isthmus of Panama are pronounced to he the very
reverse of insurmountable.: canals must ultimately
connect by a belt of water the two great
oceans of the Pacific and Atlantic, and the
vicinity of our West Indian possessions to the
Caribbean Sea, and nearer land to the Gulf of
Darien, must, apart even from the necessities of
science, associate Great Britain in a particular
manner in that inevitable though still prospec-
tive undertaking. Quadra would by that means
be brought within an easy distance of the
ports of the United Kindom, and the frivolous ob-
jections of the Cabinet be fully and determinately
overruled.

But the most important of all the innumerable
reasons which may be, and have been, and will again
and again be adduced against the resignation of Van-
couver's Island to the Hudson's Bay Company, is the
fruitfulness of this remarkable colony in that
most necessary and invaluable of all the
commodities in modern commerce—coal. As
an extrepot in the Pacific for the purpose
of providing fuel for our steam-vessels, no matter
whether those steam-vessels are voyaging north-
wards to Behring's Straits and onwards to the
Polar Seas, or southwards to the Sandwich
Islands and onwards to the Marquesas
—the continued possession of Vancouver's
Island would be absolutely invaluable. In
this respect we regard the colony as of
more account than because it has been already de-
clared by one eminently qualified to anticipate—that
the time will come when the oriental trade will
find its way across the American continent,
and that " whenever it does arrive, the Straits of
Juan de Fuca will become the funnel through which
it will be poured into the new world." And this is
the possession which the British Government are go-
ing to cede to the Hudson's Bay Company—for
a period of eleven years—although it has long since
become notorious that the conduct pursued by that
Company towards the population of their enormous
dominions is in almost every instance of the most
grasping and despotic character. Unless the Go-
vernment recall their extravagant decision
°betimes,
the destinies of Quadra will be cast under the evil

influences of Ursa Major, the Cabinet itself will have
been bamboozled into a deplorable blunder, and one

of uur most noble and valuable possessions on the
eastern shores of the Pacific will be in a fair way of
being irrevocably lost to the United Kingdom.

The second of the state trials in Ireland has termi-
nated in the conviction of Mr. JOHN MARTIN, the
registered proprietor and publisher of the Irish Felon.
This result fully justifies the opinion which we put
forward on Monday last when commenting upon the
case of Mr. KEVIN IZOD O'DOIEETT, " that the dis-
agreement of the jury in that case should not be re-
garded as evidence of a determination not to convict
when sufficient grounds were laid before the jury."
A great distinction existed in the amount of evi-
dence that was brought forward in these cases.
In the first trial, the only proofs adduced
against the prisoner to connect him with the objec-
tionable articles, and to show that he was guilty of
one or both of the intents charged in the indictment,
was, that he was (not the sole) but merely one of
the proprietors, his partner being also in custody,
and about to stand his trial for the very same publi-
cations—and, secondly, that papers containing the
matters charged were purchased at the office of the
Tribune journal. The law officers were also in pos-
session of the original manuscripts, which they had
neglected to produce, although it was stated
by the Learned Counsel for the defence that
notices had been served on the Crown Solicitors,
on behalf of the prisoner, requiring their production.
This meagre and unsatisfactory evidence was surely
not sufficient to warrant a conviction for felony, and
to subject a party who might, for aught that was
proved before the jury, have been wholly ignorant of
the contents of these articles until after they had
been in circulation, to perpetual banishment from his
native land. If the jury entertained any reasonable
doubt, it was their duty to give the benefit of that doubt
to the prisoner, no matter what might be the conse-
quences. Great public inconvenience might no doubt
have been occasioned by his acquittal. There could be
no question as to his moral guilt, or that he had wil-
fully determined on standing the hazard of the die,
in placing himself in a position similar to that for-
merly occupied by JOIIN MITCIIEL, and exciting
the people to discontent and insurrection against the
constituted authorities. That such was his deliberate
intention was, we believe, perfectly notorious to every
person, both in and out of court, but that intention
did not appear from anything brought forward before
the Court or the jury, and that jury were bound by
the terms of their oaths, " a true verdict to give ac-
cording to the evidence," anal to dismiss from
their minds everything they had heard or might have
conceived respecting the case before they had entered
into the box, and the prisoner was arraigned before
them.
The case of Mr. MARTIN was very different in-
deed. Two of the articles were signed by his name.

0 We would, in a very particular manner, call attention
to the admirable speech delivered last evenb lg in the House
of Commons by the Honourable Member fi 0. Bodmin. In
that speech Mr. Wyld epitomises the importance of the
question in an inimitable expression When he.: calls the island
of Vpacouyer " tlio.matizel of the Pacific."
ii

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