The Sun.
London, England, 1846-09-14 00:00:00

-:VIAIER [CAN NEW s.

ARA
VAL OF THE CALEDONIA.
(rttoat OUR CORRESPONDENT.)
LIVERPOOL, SUNDAY EVENING.
After a rapid and excellent passage of twelve days,
:Caledonia, Royal Mail steam-ship, under the corn-
-0,41'14 of Captain Lotts, reached the Mersey at four
1,.4t1c this afternoon, bringing advices from New
to the Ist, Boston 2d, and Halifax 4th Sept.
IsiTbe advices just landed are eleven days later from
Grew York than those received by the steam-ship
I.:at Western, on Friday se'nnight.
„, he news by this arrival n of an important
"Qttra
e—r. The war with Mexico seemed to absorb
;43 other topics among the citizens of the United
rta's• The latest news from Mexico state that
lIIe Anna, Almonte, and Rejon, had returned to
'co their presence was expected at Vera Cruz
;Nit the 14th or 15th ult., in the English trading
tn'tteanier Arab, for the purpose, as Santa Anna re-
ked, of " making peace between the United States
Ive
aico.
trlt would appear that the popular feeling was very
fc'tig In favour of the ex-President ; and we should
1):" surprised to find that Paredes had not only
4(11 deposed, but imprisoned for the part ha has
k erl adruiniste.ring the affairs of Mexico. Our
(I:stlnt4 from country inform us that Commo-
4arte C":.aor had planned an attack on Alvarado, but
rin on the Bth ult. had prevented his designs. The
x°7ll Sun of Aug. 31 says that it will doubtless be
11,11-24,again, but appears rather doubtful as to the success
of.
tier' will attend such an attempt. The command
keilile -Mexican army in the north is under General
al: Our advices inform us, that on the 19th of
terl ne Was to have proceeded to Monterey with the
Oth-ori4nt of Arista's forces, to unite with Parades,
es:,,arraY, according to the last accounts, num-
at 12,000 to 15,000, leaving about 1,500 only
ka,"• capital. Reinforcements had arrived at the
1;j:i8°11 at Tampico. More than 200,000 dollars had
",11,.sPent in the equipment of the troops, every cent.
T",sgith had been paid out in cash.
'te 3," "United States army in Mexico were reported
pro;,?. 11.1 good health, and gradually accumulating
talt2i°lls and means of transportation, pushing its
tairsts Up the Rio del Porte, and getting everything
ot"Y for a vigorous invasion.. Camargo was in the
j.t.iPation of General Taylor, and on the 31st of
Bony the United States troops had also taken posses-
of Aleir, without any opposition. General Wood
I:3. to march on towards Monterey; the main force
koinß detained till the middle of September. The
qte vellionts of General Taylor would appear to be
14011tlY retarded for want of the means of trans?orta-
ha: The latest intelligence which we have in the
ters by this arrival from Mexico, states that Pa-
k e was to leave the capital on the 31st of July,
beaditere3l, where General .I_,legia had established his
divl:lllarters. The least brigade, composing the
28t °n to be under Ids command, had left on the
hav- °f July. -14 s we have already intimated, we
doubts w.tether he will reach Monterey in such
Aani:aeity from the extreme probability, that Santa
1144; would resume the office of President, and
.14 fact'e be 'called upon to answer for his late actions.
ki
taz Nve believe that ere this he is deposed and
a prisoner.
Itze*"lve Calafornia Regiment was about to sail from
York,tbit Three vessels had been chartered for
INlve3'ance. Some desertions had taken place,
fler.terested peirties had objected to the cotmnan-
ttl.ssion regtment was to be armed with 800 per-
-800 ditto flint locks, and 800 rifles, in
t0k,;(34 to which cannon and equipments for one
tfdr;4l",/ of artillery, and arrangements for a corps
141,j-40ons, were to be sent out.
to letters received from General Kearny, on his
way
tet:allta Fe, we find he was at Fort Bent, with his
444,41,44 d, on July 19. He anticipates no opposition
ofo7llB. Santa Fe. The above forms the chief items
t,l`4e state of affairs between Mexico and the United
beLt,es' Other matters will be found in the extracts
/v., which treats of the war, &c., in full detail. By
14t, Itrrival the accounts from Montreal are to the
,The dates
-.0
14orial rooto Board of Trade have drawn up a me-
t° the Queen, praying for a repeal of the dif-
bicuaitial duties in favour of British importations, the
" f the navigation laws, and the removal
of all restrict'
tawrence, (a,-°r't cla the free navigation of the St.
tent of :'relt anxiety was felt for the appoint-
tarl c„:3- '€w Governor-General, in the room of
t glan-"kart, who was understood to return to
IlkiTihe Pr oefirietors of the St. Lawrence and Atlantic
41:13: had resolved to proceed with their under -
tratTg ; advertisements had been published for con-
liras?' and workmen. The Hon. Mr. Pakenham,
• Alinisterto the United States, was at Quebec.
1447..3 was • dull at Montreal, and there was a poor
CO'
prospect for the coming autumn.
14crmAlEncIaL NEws.—We find the following long
leorrnute summary of this description in the.
.New
1 Courier and Enquirer, and we subjoin it at
4gth
lisZlitte, business condition of the country is of course
after such violent legislation as has recently
wad, after
both in England and the United States.
eetii;e4 Italy reliable opinion be hazarded for some time
,tisle,,;) as to the immediate probable
.effects of thisd
L'alab.--°a• There is no spirit of enterprise for new.a -
es• In the manufacturing districts preparations
tretbsseral for curtailing business, and for 'getting
17414alling snug ' to face the storm which is appre-
'4lli the agricultural districts abundance is
tettp Y reckoned a blessing, so low are the prices. at pree-
trop."4 so little is the prospect of their rising. Th
Of Do-t°l all kinds will be very large, except perhaps that.
tticia.Ett°Qs, ccencerning which we hear from many dis.s-
- from dissimilar quarters, that the disease is
iota hero,, with this indispensable vegetable. u in
!oelia-ntill"- it is by no means so important a product as
.144 i 47, of urope, and substitutes of grain and
atowill be so cheap that, except as a change of
tteettb„'" failure of the potato crop will have no practical
"Pon the welfare of the people at large.
taken r"noy matters no very marked changes have
1%13, „ Place, but greater inactivity has prevailed,. and. the
4itv,,-IleY has been downward. The leading securities
the Yielded, the demand not being sufficient to take off.
the Quantity offering. The most serious fall has been in
*O2
witted States Loans, the Sixes having been sold a
tio an accumulated interest of one per cent. to the
apelation fhaser. The fancy stocks have also declined, and the
itt them is mainly confined to the brokers,
, G,,13131°t spisited.
-e" uncertainty prevails as to the steps to be taken
i
.3,3' the G
mgr an
, 'averment to raise m‘oney. It is understrt,
elyof 500,000 dolls. 'treasury Notes., bbeuatriz,i.
the
lit. nominal interest, will be_ogade,
authorised,
is 'aa/Jance of the 10,000,000 d
14i ur.certainty. No Treasury Notes ha.ve yet made
tlit,.! ppearance. Money I.s more abundant than at the
Ipf our last, but it is still in goodre uest and only
1.7.44ing paper eau be readily discounted. (iThe'hanksaayree.
• a so and condition, having more than their h
pdof specie, with constant fresh arrivals from the south
1,7 .tth-west. Exchanges have advanced materially,r_t
441,7 tr.te transactions have been to good extent.
hleeah
nee fly is moderate. Heavy sales of dry goodsl have
ash.
• by auction giving the importers a supp y o c
ht
o,`" fall trade is not yet fairly opened, but it thought
-1t a fair amount of business will be done.
lawo goods have yet been bonded under the warehousing-
th,....4ts no form of bonding has yet been received from
I:reasury department. Large quantities, however,
4,7,,,e been seat into the public stores.
0,14-.Lhe news by the last steamer had a depressing effect
felt:" Flour market. Otherwise, it was not materially

they have no hope of making more than a fifth of the
quantity (and such letters were received on the 27th
instant), we are astounded by the intelligence, and na-
turally think such facts more important than the back-
wardness of the crop.
Apart from worms and backwardness, the crop doer
not promise bally, looking better on the high and poor
than on the low and richer soils. It 10-,ks well on the
higher grounds of Carolina, Georgia, and the eastern
part of Alabama, but not well south end west of these
districts. If it was two or three weeks earlier we should
count upon 2,300,000 bales, but it is the most backward
crop since 1833, except that of 1843, as shown by the
receipts of new cotton ; on an average throughout the
country, we should say it is two, three, or, perhaps five
days more forward than in 1843, but full two weeks
later than the average of the other six years. Consider-
ing the wet weather here last week, we think the odds
are against its reaching 2,100,000 bales.
Taking in the last dates from the south, the export is
now close upon 1,093,000 bales to Great Britain, and
552,000 to other foreign ports, and the stocks are reduced
below :heir amount at this time two years ago. By the
next steamer, however, the full accounts of crop, export,
home consumption, &e., will be transmitted, so we will
not now enlarge upon these topics, though we could say
much upon New Orleans having Fallen short of 1,050,000
bales atter estimates of 1,290,000 reiterated for months,
and apparently justified by the actual product per acre
in Louisiana and Mississ,ippi. That the cultivation of
cotton has ceased to extend as it did seven years ago,
and that a greater portion of the increased number of
slaves has been devoted to the production of sugar in
each of the last five years, are facts which we apprehend
will sooner or later be generally conceded—facts in com-
parison with which, worms and backwardness, floods
and droughts and even early frosts, sink into compara-
tive insignificanc-.
In regard to the lateness of the crop, we will only
particularise one fact—that the late receipts of new
cotton at New Orleans up to the 22d inst. ere not as
large as in the remarkably backward year, 1843.
The following are extracts from the papers.—
Trophies of licsaca de la ['ulna.—The union publishes
the followinc, extracts from two letters found among the
private baggage of Gen. Arista, which was captured at the
battle of the 9th May:—
Extracts from Turners directions for the plan of cam
paign, dated city of Mexico, April 4, 1846, and addressed
to General Don Mariano Arista:—

" MINISTRY OF WAR AND MARINE.
OPERATIONS.

SECTION OF

" Ist. The supreme Government desires and orders
that Matamoras be protecttd at all hazards, and sus-
tamed by your entire division—since it is very important
by its situation, by its resources, by the number of its
inhabitants, and by every sort of consideration, military,
moral, and political.
"2(1. Having in view that the American army, not
content with having occupied the department of Texas,
has invaded the territories of those of Tamaulipas and
Nuevo Leon, it must be treated as an enemy of the na-
tionoind attacked by every means which war permits,
and which will be suggested by your military skill and
knowledge of the ground which is now the theatre of
operations."
Extracts from a letter of President Paredes to General
Arista:—

" Private Secretariat of the President of the Republic, to
his Excellency the General of Division, Don Mariano
Arista.

" ➢texico, April 16, 1846.

" By the same post important orders will be com-
municated to you concerning military operations. Sup-
posing you already on the theatre of operations, and
with all the f9recs assembled, it is indispensable that
hostilities be commenced, yourself taking the initiative
against the enemy.
" The notification must necessarily be peremptory,
and immediately after all upon him, and don't cease
until he is annihilated. This deeply interests the honour
of the nation under existing circumstances. Our enemy
is overcome with fear, and there is no doubt that they
will all become our prisoners. Advance, then, with the
cry of Live the republic ! and cover your brow with
imperishable laurels."

mitted numerous robberies recently, for one of which he
had been arrested by a party of kiexicane, and broken
away when the man who brou..;ht in overhauled him.—
tarnoras Flag.
HEAD-QUARTERS ARMY OF 0;:C:7PAI
MATAMORA9 Aug. 1846.
_ ,

Orders, No. 94.
No spirituous liquors will be permitted to enter the
river or the city of Matamoras, for the purpose of barter
or traffic on the account of any person whatever, whether
sutlers in the army or private dealers. Any liquors found
in violation of this order will be confiscated and sent to
the Quarter-master in New Orleans to be sold ; one
half of the proceeds for the benefit of the informant, the
other half to be applied to the hospital department.
The merchants in Matamoras will be permitted to
vend the liquors they may actually have on hand, but to
receive no new supplies.
The Commanding General issues this order under the
sanction of the General Government ; and calls upon all
officers to give their aid in executing its provisions. The
Quartermaster's Department and Colonel Clarke will
take the necessary measures to have it communicated to
the persons interested, particularly to the dealers in Mata-
moros, and the masters of all public transports or other
vessels in the river. Any steam-boat captains or other
hired persons that are found violating it, will be at °Lee
dismissed from the service.

By order of Major-General Taylor,
(Signed) W. W. BLISS,
Assistant Adjutant-Cr( neral.
• August 4, 1846.

11144. Cotton since our publication of the 15th, more
b..l.less has been done, the sales amounting to 20,000
We then quoted " middling" at 71 a 8:1 cents.
vit. Orleans and Mobile and 7 a 8/ for Uplands; but
roe„ mail now quite 83- a 9i for the former and 84 a 81
t; the latter. Under the general opinion that the
titc)wing crop would probably turn out deficient in quan-
Y, prices advanced almost imperceptibly until the 27th ;
I,q_,tt!at day three mails arriving from New Orleans and
'and
of
with accounts of wet weather in those districts
iilr,f the ravages of the army worm, more particularly
bra 01,fisiana and Mississippi, a very animated inquiry
".431 up, and 5,000 or 6,000 bales were sold on the
%I to at an advance of *or cent upon previous prices ;
the next day (Saturday) the demand continued, but
riTeratiozs were checked by the withdrawal of cotton
vai.s°lll the market, and by the demand of a further ad
C:e,e; the sales were nevertheless 1,500 bales or more at
1 Per cent. advances on the prices of the day before.
It t Bso much the fashion to ridicule worms, rot, &c.,
th„, to
We feel on tender ground; but, after the experience
of ioriner years, especially 1840, we cannot make light
the danger to the crop from the army worm; and it is
veil to bear in mind that the rowth is later and the
:
In earlier than in 1840. At the same time, as a
e3e affecting tie probable extent of the production, we
th'ilk the backwardness of the crop more important than
A 3!) appearance of the worms--as the ;one exposes the
at:it to a variety of casualties to which an early crop
c)t so injuriously subject, while the other is only one
the
Casualties to which the crop is exposed by it:
drek.rardness, and may disappear with a change to clear
urY_
,vveather, after ruining the prospect of the few hun-
ea planters first attacked. Still the worm tells more
oup" individual opinions than the backwardness; fur: i,
r personal friends, Roe, Doe, Johnson, Jackson,
ex l_4ll, and Jones, who wrote us a week ago that they
eat make 500 or 600 bales a piece, now write that

Tll F. SUN, LON DO T, MONDA V EVEN IN G, SEPTEMBER 14, 1846,

departments this side the Sierra Madre from the Cen-
tral Government there is not a question. To patch out
the new Republic it is probable that he was desirous of
holding all the country this side the Nueces, and was
equally desirous that the American force should not ad-
vance a step farther in the direction of the Rio Grande.
Ile knew too that the Government of Mexico would op-

pose, to the utmost of its abilities, the progress of the
American arms, would throw a large force into Meta-
mores, and that thus the expectations of the revolu-
tionists, of a speedy release from central bondage, would
he retarded or completely frustrated.
"Whatever Carvajal might have thought, or whatever
he might have advised, General Taylor was ordered to
take up ground opposite Matamoras, and marched his
army from Corpus Christi with that intention. When
Canales and Carvajal saw the immense preparation made
to oppose him, and saw that Arista had taken the com-
mand against the Americans, they, too, joined the army
with a large body of rancheros. They could not well
do otherwise, with all their talk of a separation from the
Central power and theirgreat hatred of Central tyranny,
for the success of the Mexican army was looked upon as
certain; and where would they have been with the
American prisoners in Matamoras and they standing
aloof and taking no hand in the matter? The result of
the grand battles of Palo Alto and Resaca de la Palma,
the occupation of Matamoras by General Taylor, the
flight of Arista with the remnant of his army, and the
dispersing the rancheros, are matters well known, and
it now remains to be seen what scheme, if any, the re-
volutionary leaders will next hit upon.
Carvajal is very sore upon the subject of the defeat of
all his hopes, and blames the American GoVernment for
treating his propositions with silent contempt. His
family is now in this place, but he himself, although
within a few hours' ride, does not feel disprsed, either
from fear of personal harm or a desire not to commit
himself with his countrymen, to come in. Whatever
may be his motives or designs, he has the reputation
with the Americans as well as the Mexicans of being a
brave and intelligent man, and more honest even than
many of his neighbours. I might give you the rumours
of the whereabouts of Canales, of Seguin, of Antonia
Perex, and of some of the other partisan officers, but it
would all amount to mere speculation.
Gillespie's company has Just come in from Mier. The
Captain reports that Canales left that place a short time
previous to his arrival. He had but a small force, and
went off, as was supposed, in the direction of Monterey.
I do not believe he is far off; Antonio Perez went through
Loredo a few days since with a large cavallada of horses
and mules.—New Orleans Picayune, 11th.
FROM TIIE SEAT OF WAR.—WC find the following
letter in the Notional Intelligencer, which paper copies
from the Baltimore Argus, to whom it was furnished by
an officer of the army, who endorses its contents. It
places a very different aspect upon the affairs on the Rio
Grande, and advances statements as to the Mexican
force which we think are much exaggerated. The last
arrival from Mexico direct brought information that

Paredes was expected to concentrate 10,000 men at St.
Luis Potosi-, but even that was exceedingly doubtful,
from the very fact that great boast was made of having
raised, armed, and equipped two brigades of troops at
Mexico, consisting of 1,200 men:—
" Catnargo (Mexico), July 31, 1846.
" Information that I rely upon is, that General Mejia,
with the remnant of Arista's army, 4,000 strong, is at
Cadereita, a town thirty miles east of Monterey. This
town has a garrison of near 1,000 men (regulars), a po-
pulation of 15,000. General Paredes was at San Luis
de Potosi on the 15th instant, on his way to Monterey,
with 8,000 regular troops ; he has also culled on Nueva
Leon for 8,000 active militia ; from this department of
Tamaulipas he expects 3,000 more making his entire
force, when he reaches Monterey on the 15th or 20th
proximo, near 25,000 men. General Taylor is straining
every nerve to get there before him, but cannot now
possibly do so until the sth or 10th September ; so Pa-
redes has the advantage of numbers, and of naturally a
strong rocky position. Paredes will have forty pieces of
cannon—we will have about twenty-four; and you may
expect (as our army will not be over 10,000) to hear of
the most obstinate fight and bloodiest doings ever done
up in America or in the world about the 15th of Sep-
tember. With us it will be neck or nothing—the former,
something to eat and houses to live in, perhaps peace ;
the latter, death and a continuation of the war. Such is
our prospect."
FROM TILE HOME SQUADRON.—Letters from Commo-
dore Conner, of as late date as the 30th July, have been
received at the Navy Department. The crews of the
different ships of the squadron continue healthy, with
the exception of a case or two of scurvy. The Porpoise
arrived at Vera Cruz on the 18th July. The Petered
reached that port on the 21st, after a passage of 28 days
from New York; and the Bonito arrived on the 28th.
On the morning of the 25th, before daylight, Midship-
man Wingate Pilsbury, of Maine, and Michael Flinn,
seaman, both of the steamer Mississippi, were drowned
by the upsetting of the launch of that vessel. Neither
of the bodies has been recovered. _ _

A town in the neighbourhood of Jalapa had pro-
nounced against the Government of Paredes, and in fa-
your of Santa Anna and Federalism. One of the chiefs
was the Secretary of Legation to Almonte, when Minis.
ter to France. The principal chief, Jose Arrillago, is a
particular friend of Santa Anna, and said to be a man
of energy and ability. At first the movement was con-
sidered of little importance; but it has since increased
in consequence, and from present appearances there is
reason to believe it will become general throughout the
department of Vera Cruz.
Intelligence had also been received at Vera Cruz as
late as the 21st from Mexico, of some importance. The
Government troops sent to quell the insurrection in Ja-
lisco have been totally defeated at Guadalajara by the
pronunciados, and their commander (General Arevallo)
killed. The departments of Queretaro and Zacetecas
have pronounced against the Government, but not, as is
supposed, in connexion with Santa Anna.
Except with a portion of the army, it is said that this
gentleman is not popular in the country. The Fede-
ralists have no confidence in his present professions; and
without their aid, it is believed, he could not sustain
himself at the head of the Government for any length of
time, even if his friends could succeed in having him
recalled.
It is difficult to conjecture what effect these events
may have on our relations with Mexico. Should they
lead to a change of Government—which is not impro-
bable—the party coming into power will likely offer
proposals of peace, as we learn from a source deserving
of credit, that such is the desire of many of the most
influential rner, in Mexico. A close blockade of the
coast, however, and a vigorous prosecution of the
war, seem the most obvious means of bringing them
to terms.

It was 2,000 strong, and had several pieces of artillery.
This brigade, like those which h-ft the capital before it,
was perfectly equipped. All these troops, with two or
three thousand expected from Guadalajara, nnited to
those under Mejia, it was thought would give Paredes a
force at Monterey of from 12,000 to 15,000 men. His
long delay in the capital is attributed to his solicitude
that his army should be equipped and provided in every
particular.
In the city of Mexico there were, at last accounts, but
1,200 troops, and there was some intention of raising a
volunteer force. _

FROM MONTE VIDEO.—We received yesterday, by
the barque Mason Barney, Captain Scott, Buenos Ayres
papers to July Ist. The papers of June 13 give details
of the ergagement between the Parana expedition and
the forts thrown up to oppose the progress of the boats.
The convoy is said to have consisted of 95 merchant-
men, with twelve ships of war, mounting in all eighty-
five guns. The opposing force, besides three pieces of
artillery on an island in front of the position, consisted
of seventeen pieces of flying artillery and 500 infantry.
The account proceeds :
" The enemy commenced a tremendous fire upon our
positions, with the view of protecting the convoy. We
returned it in a spirited manner, not losing sight of
the merchantmen, whose cupidity had led them into the
scrape.
"At half-past meridian, a British barque, of about 250
tons burden (supposed to be the Holywood or the Cale-
donia), and three schooners, one of them pilot-boat
rigged, under Correntino colours, in their endeavour to
avoid our fire, got aground on a bank near an island on
the opposite coast. Five of the enemy's largest steamers
proceeded to their assistance, but finding our fire too
hot for them, they relinquished the undertaking, and
fled at full speed. Subsequently the Lizard was sent on
the same errand, but had it not been for the timely aid
of two large steamers which returned to protect her, she
would inevitably have been destroyed.
" At two P.M. the firing entirely ceased, the enemy
having set fire to and abandoned the vessels aground.
The latter were soon consumed, with the exception
of the pilot-boat rigged schooner, laden with hides,
yerba, and tobacco, which was rescued from the flames
by four boats dispatched by us from the shore. The
greater part of the merchantmen threw their deck
loads overboard, in order to avoid grounding, and
we could see tercios of yerba and petacoes of to-
bacco consigned to the water, intermingled with the
bodies of the killed. I believe 32 of the latter have been
counted. Both the vessels of war and merchantmen
were completely riddled with our shot. It will take
them some time to repair before they can proceed on
their voyage. Our 17 pieces have fired 1,360 shots,
grape and round, and our infantry 20,000. The enemy
must have fired at least 2,500 shots and 200 congreve
rockets. The only casualties we have to lament arc
one infantry soldier killed, Lieutenant-Colonel Thorne
and four soldiers wounded, the former slightly in the
left shoulder."
A letter from Buenos Ayres announces the de-
parture of Mr. Graham, United States Consul, and a
son of Mr. Brent, the Char d'Affaires for Corrientes
and Paraguay.
An excursion was recently made into the department
of the north, to chastise the predatory Indians. The
result was that upwards of 60 fighting- Indians, including
two Caciques, have been killed, and '5
taken prisoners ;
900 sheep, 209 head of cattle, 160 mares, and 470 horses,
as also large deposits of Indian corn, pumpkins, and
other provisions, falling, besides, into the hands of the
victors.
Busuaos AYRES, JUNE 20.—According to news from
Entrerios, the Correntino Envoy to Paraguay has been
successful in his mission, President Lopez having agreed
to cancel all the treaties that had been formed between
the two provinces, in prejudice to the Confederation:
The Paraguay army had withdrawn to its own territory.
The sloop Fortuna, of the convoy from Corrientos,
got aground and bilged on the 14th last., between Co-
lonies and Las Paris.
The British barque burnt up the Parana was the
Caledonia. She had 17,000 hides on beard.
FROM MONTE VlDEO.—Captain Scott, of the barque
Mason Barney, from Monte Video, which place he left on
the 3d of July, informs us, that about a week previous to
his sailing the British had embarked a part of the 45th
regiment that was at that place, for the Cape of Good
Hope, leaving behind the 73d regiment. The U. S. ship
Plymouth was lying at Monte Video— the boats of which
ship were kindly sent to the assistance of Captain Scott,
to enable him to get out of the harbour. The U. S.
brig Bainbridge sailed on the 23d of June for Buenos
Ayres, having on board Mr. Harris, the U. S. Charge
d'Affaires.
VERA CRUZ.—The Boston Journal furnishes the fol-
lowing translation of the declaration made by the garri-
son of Vera Cruz against the Mexican Government and
in favour of Santa Anna :
At a meeting of the General-in-Chief and officers of
the Bth Regiment quartered in the heroic city of Vera
Cruz, to take into consideration the calamitous state to
which the Republic has arrived, and to seek the
most immediate remedy to place it in a career of pros-
perity, &c.,
It was resolved to adopt the plan of the 20th of May,
pronounced by the military garrison at Guadalaxara,
with the following amendments:-
1. All those who may have been banished for politi-
cal opinions since the year 1821, are invited to return to
the Republic and co-operate in the present movement.
2. By this the circumstances of the war with the
United States are to be considered as in nowise changed;
but it is for the Congress which will assemble to deter-
mine relative thereto, and for the Mexicans to obey their
resolutions.
3.-A general invitation is proffered to all those in this
department who may have taken up arms against the
existing order of government, to unite in this plan,
which has for its object the public weal alone.
4. As his Excellency General Antonio Lopez Santa
Anna had the glory to establish the republic, whatever
may have been his errors, he was a firm supporter of
public liberty and national honour—for this we proclaim
him leader of this great enterprise.
Signed by the officers generally,
FROM RIO DE JANElRO.—Captain Williams, of the
barque Brazilerio, at this port from Rio de Janeiro,
whence she sailed July 16, reports that the arrival of
the barque Amelia Mulholland, with the news of the war
with Mexico, created great sensation; freights for Ame-
rican vessels are almost impossible to be obtained. Com-
mander Rosseau, of the Columbia, expecting the corvette
Plymouth and the brig Bainbridge, from the river,
daily, has notified American ship-masters that they will
convoy any vessels home that may put themselves under
their protection.
American credits are in disrepute and cannot be
passed, except at considerable advance.
The Brazilian Government are sending troops in some
numbers to the province of Rio Grande, it is supposed
in consequence of anticipated trouble with Buenos Ayres.
From the river there is no news of any particular mo-
ment.

On the 21st.of July Congress passed a law granting
commissions to privateers. Alvarado, Zecoluta, Zas-
pam, and Sote La Marina have been declared ports of
entry. These ports will be included among those al-
ready blockaded.
General Bravo declined acting as President of the re-
public on his arrival at Mexico. Congress, however,
refused his resignation, and he has since accepted the
appointment. General Paredes was to have left Mexico
en the 27th for the northern frontier. It is generally
supposed he will not take that direction. It is said that
some regiments, amounting in all to fourteen hundred
men, have marched from the city. It is believed that
they were intended to reinforce General Arevallo at
Guadalajara.

" United States ship Cumberland,
" Off Vera Cruz, July 30, 1846.
" Sir,—Shortly after closing my letter of the 28th
instant, the Cumberland, Potomac, and two of the
schooners, sailed from Green Island for the purpose
of attacking the enemy's vessels in the river of Al-
varado. In passing through the channel leading
to the roads of Antonio Lizardo, I regret to inform you
this ship, owing to a strong current, ran on the
north-west part of a coral reef, called the Chopas, in
three fathoms water. This was about half-past four
o'clock in the afternoon of the 28th. After great exer-
tions, and lightening her more than a foot by pumping
off the water, removing the provisions and shot to the
other vessels, and depositing most of the spar deck guns
on a shoal part of the reef near the vessel (whence they
can be easily removed), with the assistance of the
Mississippi, she was finally extricated from her perilous
position at about eight o'clock, P.M., on the 29th, after
grinding in the coral reef for upwards of twenty-seven
hours.

NEW YORK MONEY MARKET, AUG. 31.
MONEY AND COMMERCIAL NEWS.
SALES AT STOCK EXCHANGE.
2,560 Ohio 6's, '6O
3,000 U. S. 6's, '62
1,000 111. Specials 33
5,000 Penna s's s 3 66
150 Shs. D. and H. scp. b 4 d 144
15 Do. State Bk
100 Do. Far Tr b3O 24.
100 Do. Morris C 9
5 Do. Mohawk 5l
25 Do. Erie RR. scrip
5
300 Do. Long Isl.
1
100 Do. Harlem R blo 6
250 Do. Nor. and W.
200 Do. Rd'g RR. blo 6611
PUBLIC STOCK EXCHANGE.
50 Shs. Far. Loan b3 24+
25 Do. Morris Canal
250 Do. Harlem RR,
50 Shs. Harlem R. b3 554
25 Do. Nor. and Wor 44-k
DIVIDENDS.—The Franklin Bank of Cincinnati has
declared its fourteenth dividend of 5 per cent., payable
to stockholders in this city at the Bank of America on
the Ist September.
The Bank of Missouri has declared a dividend of 3+
per cent.
The Phcenix Bank of Hartford, Conn., has declared a
semi-annual dividend of 4 per cent., payable on and after
the 3d September.

" With the exception of her false keel, of which small
crushed fragments rose to the surface of the water
alongside, the ship does not appe:Lr to have sustained any
material injury, as she makes no more water than usual.
It is reasonable to infer, however, that much of the cop-
per on the bottom has been rubbnl off.
" It affords me great satisfacti on to add that the offi-
cers and men of the Cumberlani i performed their inces-
sant labour with untiring zeal and assiduity ; and my
acknowledgments are due to Captain Fitzhugh, his
officers and men, for the very- .efficient aid rendered by
the Mississippi, whose services were of the greatest im-
portance ; and to Lieutenant Le Roy and the men of the
Potomac, who shared our lal )ours. I am, very respect-
fully, your obedient servant,

" D. CONNER,
" Conimr oading Home Squadron.
" Hon. George Bancroft, Sf :cretary of the Navy."
—Union.
Fnoiu MEXICO.—The New Orleans papers of the 18th,
are filled with the Mexican i,ntelligence which reached
this City several days since from Mexico. We annex
the following paragraphs which contain information, of
interest and importaace:—
The Bills before Congress 'which we published some
weeks since—one conferring on. the Government the
control over the revenues for the purposes of the war,
and the other declaring the exist nee of war, and that
were originally reported.
Congress had passed another law to which great im-
efiollrm repieel
with—iewher they passed .by Congress in nearly
im-
portance was attached, conferring 11 pon General Paredes
Mtheexsiac same
w
the unlimited power to appoint of facers and procure the
necessary materials for the M ar, li ;
ving the preference to
those of Mexico. We have not sE en the law itself, but
have a second-hand notice of it, w. hich is not very de

NEW YORK MARKETS.
Cotton—The sales on Saturday were 2,000 bales, at
full prices. This morning there is a good demand.
Holders are gradually withdrawing their stock from
market, awaiting further accouuts from abroad, as also
from the south, in reference to the prospects of the crop.
Ashes—The sales are animated, and the market with-
out change.
Flour—There is a moderate demand for western, and
a little more firmness in the market. Southern is dull.

finite.
Paredes had determined to roles se all prisoners con-
fined for political offences.
The news received in the city of Mexico from the
frontier was such as to drive the G overnment almost to
despair. On the 27th July a courier ; arrived, announcing
the departure of eight thousand .I.l..merican troops from
Camargo for Monterey. Gener r,l Armijo, about the
same time, sent word that six thoi (sand Americans bad
come down upon New Mexico. An d to crown the whole,
a dispatch was received from the British Minister at
Washington, which quenched eve: ry hope of receiving
aid from England.
General Mejia, who had taken, the command of the
army which followed Arista to Li .nares, had established
his head-quarters at Monterey. keneral Paredes was to
direct his march thither, for -whit !h purpose he was to
leave the city of Mexico on the 31st of July, making a
detour, however, to look rafter Zh e city of Guadalajara.
The last brigade composing the division to be under the
rredd9LIVII C 903104194 .09 cal 21l ma the Kph of

FILLING OF A RAILWAY TUNNEL.--FOUR LIVES
LOST.—A most fearful accident, involving the loss of
four lives, happened on Saturday evening, by the falling
of a portion of the Mary tunnel, now in course of con-
struction near Ashburton, for the South Devon Rail-
way. During the day a part of the frame-work on which
the arch had been built was removed, and the brick
work being supposed to be perfectly sound, the labourers
were directed to displace other portions. The poor fel,.
lows were so engaged all the evening, when at about ten
o'clock a heavy crack was heard, and more than fifty
yards of the arch fell in, burying many of the miners
and labourers. With sundry bruises all escaped, with
the exception of four poor creatures, named Henry Big-
wood, William Parnell, John Polhill, and John Setcher.
Immediately on their being missed active measures were
taken to remove the soil, and in the course of three or
four hours they were recovered. Their bodies presented
a shocking sight. Notwithstanding their appalling in •
uries, the unfortunate men were found to be alive; they
survived but a few minutes. At the Coroner's inquest
the verdict was " Accidental death."
CHURCH EXTENSION.—A new church is in course
of erection opposite Vaughan.terrace, Hoxton. It is a
spacious and elegant structure, and is expected to be
ready for consecration before the close of the present
year.
The rectory of St. Bride's, Fleet-street, vacs rit by
the promotion of the Rev. Thomas Dale to the lit :arage
of St. Pancras, has not yet been filled up. The no mina-
tion rests with the Dean and Chapter of Westminster.
A prebendal stall in St. Paul's Cathedral, also vaciint by
Mr. Dale's promotion, still remains to be filled up . It is
in the gift of the Bishop of London.
NEW WELSH CHURCH.—A new Welsh ch arch on
congregational principles, was on Sunday opc tied in
Aldersgate-street, contiguous to the General Pos t-office•
The Rev. D. Morgan, of Llanfyllen, conducted Abe ser-
vices, and wilt continue to officiate during the ,present
month. No permanent minister will be appointed:, as it
(is intended that the services shall be performed for the
preheat by clergymen d the Welsh church by Sul las