The Sun.
London, England, 1846-10-09 00:00:00

THE UNTIED STATES.

ARRIVAL. OF THE MARMION.

LIVERPOOL, TIIURSDAY MORNING.
We have this morning. received advices from New
York to the 19th ultimo inclusive, by the arrival in
the Mersey of the line-of-packet-ship Marmion, Cap-
tain Edwards, aster a rapid run of eighteen and a half
days from that city.
Our advices from 'Washington by this arrival ex-
tend to the close of the 18th ultimo. No later intel-
ligence from the Gulf or the frontiers of Mexico had
Bien received, and our accounts relative to the pro-
gress of the war are, consequently, extremely barren
of interest. Dispatches received at the War Depart-
ment confirm the intelligence contained in private
letters with regard to the movement of General
Taylor's force from Camargo. Advices from St.
Louis renew the expressions of solicitude mentioned
in our last with regard to the supplies required for
General Kearney's command. Verbal accounts from
Santa Fe state that Armigo had been called upon by
the Principal citizens of New Mexico to repel the in-
vasion of their country. Armigo is said to have ex-
pressed his willing les3 so to do, were competent forces
placed under his c)mmand.
The United Sta`es frigate Potomac had arrived off
the harbour of Pensacola from Ver Cruz. No in-
telligence had been received from her up to the close
of our dispatches. A letter from Vera Cruz, dated
August 25, states that the officers of the unfor-
tunate brig of war Truxton were residing with the
Lieutenant-Governor
of Tuspaa, and were in perfect
safety.

An arrival from Campeachy revlves the doubts en-
tertained as to the nature of the relations of Yucatan
With Mexico and the United States. The accounts
received convey intelligence that Tobasco had joined
in the revolt for the recal of Santa Anna. The block-
ade of that port by the United States brig of war
Somers was threatened.
A Washington correspondent of the New York
'Jerald, writing on, the 17th ult. from the capital,
states that the War Department had resolved to change
the base of operations in Mexico from Monterey to
Tampico, on the Gulf Coast.
Domestic politics were assuming a somewhat more
interesting aspect. The elections in Maine had re-
sulted in a Whig triumph. In some quarters this
victory is viewed as an indication of " a gradually
returning Conservative feeling amongst the electors
throughout the Union." The Mormon troubles in
Illinois had assumed a most threatening aspect. The
anti• Mormons had assembled to the number of 1,200
Inen, armed with several field pieces, and were on
the point of marching against Nauvoo, with the in-
tention of throwing red hot balls into the 'city, and
determined to drive the sect from the spot. The
llijornions, on the other hand, had fortified their cele•
I
rated Temple, and, also armed with a few pieces of
artillery, were resolutely determined to repel the im-
minent attack. A battle was fully anticipated by the
citizens of St. Louis. The southern coast of the
united States had been visited by terrific gales. On
the 7th ult. a loss of seventeen lives took place near
bGalveston, Texas, the steamer New York having
then
struck by a sea and sunk, while running from
that port to New Orleans. The captain, and the re•
mainder of the crew and passengers, were afterwards
pi
pp
picked up and taken to New Orleans. Other shii g
n
disasters are also reported.
Mobile had been visited casually by the yellow
te!'er, the victim having arrived from New Orleans
While labouring under the disease, and died subse-
qaently. No other case had occurred, however.
Niblo's theatre and garden had been entirely de-
stroyed by fire. The loss was estimated at 45,000
dollars.

Commercial accounts are interesting. The Cam-
bria arrived at Boston on the 18th ult., and her in-
telligence was on the same day telegraphed to New
York. The accounts she conveyed were considered
favourable. Stocks and cotton advanced, but the
full effect upon the market hal not been developed
up to the dispatch of our letters. We subjoin full
accounts. Exchange remained inactive at un-
changed rates.

Oar last advices from Canada by this arrival con-
tinue to be unimportant.

OPERA.TIONS OF THE ARMY.
(From, the Washington. Union.)
We are indebted to the head of one of the bureaus
for the following extracts of letters " from officers of
General Taylor's command, which he thinks will be
found full of interest":—
~
EXTRACT CF A LETTER FROM AN OFFICER OF THE
ENGINEER STAFF (TOPOGRAPHICAL) WITH GENERAL
TAYLOR'S ARMY.

" Camargo, August 24.
" On the 4th of August I received verbal orders ft oat
General Taylor, with my as.sistants, to accompany Colonel
Garland's command for the purpose of reconnoitering the
road between Matamoros and Camargo.

" General Worth having been ordjed to advance and
establish a depot at Seralvo, he was engaged on the I9th
of August in passing the river St. Juan, as the best route
is found to be by the vicinity of Mier. Lieutenants
Meade and Pope have been ordered to report to him.
They began their march on the 20th inst. The command
consists of about 1,000 men, inclusive of Captain Dun-
can's artillery.
" Seralvo is at a distance of 66 miles from Camargo,
and about 70 from Monterey, and is generally reAarded
as the half way point. It is in a direction from Ca-
margo W.S.W. The last portion of the road, in ap-
proaching Seralvo, is through a hilly district, and passes
many small mountain: streams; the mouatains are dis-
tinctly visible from Seralvo.
" From Camargo to Mier the road lies in the valley
of the Rio Grande; it then follows up the valley of the
Alamo to Seralvo, either passing by Agua Leagua or
Purito Aguda.
"The road over which Lieut.-Colonel Garland's corn-
!nand passed from Matamoras was that by Gaetano and
lteynosa, as the river road was too wet and miry for
heavy trains. It is called the upper road,' is 17 miles
longer, and in very dry weather impracticable fur troops,
°vying to the deficiency of water. In rainy weather, or
When the snow melts at the head streams, the Rio
Grande rises at a great elevation, and overflows the back
country. It is a topographical feature of this region
Worthy of note that the rivers generally rise and tall
through an unusnal vertical space; and it is asserted
that in some instances the fluctuation reaches as much as
90 feet.
"In the late flood the water was twoleet deep in the
plaza at Carnargo; this came from the St. Juan, but it
was an unusual rise, as many of the houses were
destroyed by the inundation. The rise at this point was
not, however, more than 30 or 35 feet.
"In my reconnoissance of the river road,' long after
the flood was at its maximum, and had begun to subside,
I found the water across the road, in various places, up
to my saddle skirts. This was the back water from the
Rio Grande.
" The army in the field between Seralvo and Point
habd, amounts to, volunteers and regulars, perhaps
16,000 men, the volunteers being portioas of the quota
from each state that has been called upon ; the re-
maiive.nder, perhaps about 8,000 volunteers, are yet to
arr

" At Point Isabel there remains butordne
necrom; paitnyis, atnhd,
the place is commanded by
debt of orduance, and theMagjo general Gardner
eralhosepnictaal.
peil(ti
tt.whie
vicinity of the Brazos and Burita are m
brigades of volunteers. At MatamorasarnFeonrtt
Brown, three companies of regulars and one regiment of volunteers.
"Captain. from Camargo to
Vinton was expedited
Mier with a small command about a fortnight consequence of an irruption of the Indians,
and for the
__
protection of the inhabitants against their incursions.
At Seralvo General Worth was about 1,000 strong,"
before stated.
" The br.gade of Colonel Smith has crossed the river,
an
d is awaiLing the means of transportation, to enable
him to move towards Seralvo. re o the arm
are either en route towards this place, orst aref encamped
here. .
" The transportation of troops from the Brazos is ge-
nerally operated by steam-boats, after marching them
across from the Brazls to near the Rio
t
Grande. The river is navigable f mouth of the
or steamers of small
class to a distacce of about
wo miles above the mouth
of the St. Juan, at which
point they are arrested by
rapids. A similar obstruction occurs at the St. Juan,
about six miles above this place; but, overcoming this
obstacle, it is said the river is navigable for GO miles. It
would almost be worth while, should the position of the
army be permanent at Monterey, to take advsntuge of
high water in the river to get a boat above the rapids,
which I presume might be effected; it would be a vast
economy of transportation.
"It is understood that it is the wish of General Taylor
to advance upon Monterey, hut that he is delayed by the
necessary arrangements for depots of various kinds, and
the throwing forward of the necesssry munitions ; or,
in a word, in perfecting his line of communications. The
difficulties encountered in operations of this nature seem
to be very formibable, for very little reliance is placed
upon the resources of the territory in which we are en-
gaged ; ani it is difficult to procure any supplies from
the inhabitants, who are utterly thriftless and lazy, and
Who require for the little they do supply the most ex-
travagalt prices. We pass through a country richly
provithd with grass, and covered with herds of thriving
cattle, yet they supply the camp with fodder, beef, milk,
fr, at a price far exceeding what it can be purchased
la the most populous cities of the United States.
" Such a people can obviously never meet us in battle
With success; they will abandon the field, though their
fll4lsers should triple our own.