The Sun.
London, England, 1848-01-28 00:00:00

the exact portion of the land on which they found
their verdict. The jury had no right to inquire into
the question of title, and no doubt found for the two
or thrte roods of unditiposed land, and not for the

Whole.
Lord DENMAN thought the case one in which a
rule should he granted.—Rule granted.

SECONDARIES'.--(THIS DAY.)
(Before Mr. Secondary POTTER.)
SMITH V. COOPER.
This was an action on a bill of exchange for
151. 18s. 6d. The defendant pleaded that he did not
accept the bill, but did not appear to support the
plea.
Mr. Jonas Smith was called, and proved that he
presented the bill next day, when the defendant
wished for a few days time, and paid five shillings
for accommodation.
The SECONDARY said that by putting this plea on
the record the dk-fendant would pay very heavily for
time.
The jury gave a verdict for the amount claimed.
This was the only case tried.

,TURNBUL

L ON TmE CHOLERA

ON THE TREATMENT OF MALIGNANT
CiiOLEitA wITH CAPSICUM E 11BROC A.
TIONS. By A. TURNBULL, M.D., LONDON.
[We would direct especial attention to the follow-
ing remarkable paper, t-xtructed by ourselves from
this day's Lancet. Should the remedy propo.,ed by
Dr. Turnbull prove as efficacious as he declares it to
be, he will have conferred an inestimable boon on
humanity, and have entitled himself to lasting grati-
tude.—ED. Sun.]
When Asiatic cholera visited this country in 1832,
I had many opportunities of witnessing its ravages,
and at first I made several trials of different means of
cure without any apparent success, until the follow-
ing plan suggested itself to me from examining mi-
nutely the morbid directions. I hope it may prove
equally successful in the hands of other medical men
as it did in mine.
The cause of this disease has excited great interest
in every country, but we must confess that we are
quite ignorant as yet respecting its specific nature.
However, it is now generally admitted that the pecu-
liar poison of cholera produces an irregular deter-
mination of blood to all the internal structures, and
from the surface of the body, thereby producing a
congested state of many of the important organs
connected with life. This, I conceive, arises from the
balance of circulation between the arterial and
venous systems being broken, a state which is most
satisfactorily ascertained to exist by numerous dissec-
tions, which have been recorded by different indi-
viduals. In this disease all the functions of the body
are impeded or destroyed, excepting those of the
mucous membranes of the stomach or bowels, which
are greatly excited in secreting and discharging a
large quantity of serous fluid; and this is, very
likely, an effort of the constitution to save life.
It is generally admitted, that the poison causing
this disease produces almost immediately a loss of
vital power, which is ushered in with langour and
much prostration of strength, dejection of mind, and
great cold, along with diarrhcea, vomiting and spasms
in the abdomen, and calves of the legs, &c. The
determination of blood to the internal organs accounts
for almost all these varied and distressing symptoms
of this dreadful malady.
In severe cases of cholera, it appears to be almost
impossible to raise the temperature of the body by
the application of heat. An instance of this is men-
tioned by Dr. Daun, in the " Medical Reports on
Cholera," p. 272. " O'Brien lay on the steam ceuch
for three hours before he expired, in a heat that I am
convinced would have raised a lifeless body to a tem-
perature nearly, if not equal to, that of a person in
health, but his body preserved an icy coldness to the
last."

REGULATION OF MARINE CHRO-
NOMETERS IN SCOTLAND.
From Captain Washington's report on the harbours
and ports of Scotland we learn that a strong represen-
tation having been made to the Admiralty as to the
desirableness of exhibiting a time- ball on the Calton-
hill, or at some conspicuous place, to enable the
masters of vessels to ascertain the error and rate of
their chronometers, an investigation was directed,
whence it results that Nelson's Monument on the
Calton-hill would combine every requisite in point of
position for such an object ; that a connexion between
it and the transit room of the Observatory could
readily be established, either by electric telegraph or
otherwise ; that the Lord Provost and Town Council
of the city of Edinburgh would cheerfully sanction
such use of the column, and that the cost of erecting
the necessary apparatus would not exceed 2001., and
that, altogether, the carrying out of such a proposal
would be hailed by all interested in the foreign trade
of the country as a very great boon. The following
are the principal heads of the official report of Captains
Washington and Veitch on the subject. It is addressed
to the Hydrographer of the Admiralty, and dated
" London, 26th December, 1846 :"
Sir,—Adverting to your letter of the Ist of Sep-
tember, stating " that an application having been
made to the Admiralty to procure the erection of a
time-ball on the Observatory at Calton-hill, Edin-
burgh, for the benefit of vessels laying in Leith
Docks, and that there will be no objection on the
part of the Admiralty to this request, provided the
ball may be seen distinctly from those vessels, or from
a majority of them ;" and, in compliance with your
instructions, directing us to examine and report to
you fully on this question, for their Lordships' infor-
mation, we have the honour to state :
That on our arrival in Edinburgh we put our-
selves in communication with Mr. Piazzi Smyth, the
astronomer ; Mr. Dall, R.N., Superintendent of Leith
Harbour ; Captain Arrow, R.N., Inspecting Com
mender of the Coast Guard; and Messrs. Bryson and
Sons; Dickman and Laird, the principal chronometer
makers in Edinburgh and Leith.
From the last-named gentlemen we ascertained
that the number of chronometers sent to them to be
rated by ships sailing from the Firth of Forth was
last year not less than 120, and in 1846 it was ex-
pected that they would reach 160 ; this number is
exclusive of those which are rated at Alloa, higher up
the Firth ; of those carried by vessels that occa-
sionally anchor in Leith Roads, whether calling for
orders or driven in by stress of weather, of French
vessels of war protecting their fishermen (two of which
were there at the time of our visit), and of all her
Majesty's ships.
Not only is the Observatory, though situated on
the Calton. hill, not visible from the Docks, but Nel-
son's Monument, the loftiest building there, is invisi-
ble from the deck of any ship in the Docks, owing to
the height of the adjoining warehouses which inter-
vene. Nelson's Column, however, is distinctly seen
from the "tops" of the greater part, if not from all,
the vessels so placed, as well as from the whole of the
north shore in the immediate vicinity of the Docks,
and from Leith Pier. It is also prominently conspi-
cuous from every part of Leith xtoads and the Firth
of Forth, from near St. Margaret's Hope on the west
to Aberlaby Bay on the east. But even if the Ob-
servatory were visible from the decks of vessels in the
Docks, it would be of little service to them, as it is
the common practice to send the chronometers on
shore, to the maker, immediately on a ship's arrival
and not to receive them on board again till the day
before sailing ; nor would it seem desirable to inter-
fere with this practice, as the concussion caused by
unloading and loading a ship could not fail of being
prejudicial to the steady going of the watches.
On consulting with the astronomer, we found that
with every disposition to forward the cause by all
means in his power, he felt it his duty to object to
any erection in contact with the Observatory, as
from its elevated position and exposure to frequent
high winds, there would be a risk of disturbing his
instruments. He must also object to any additional
erection placed so near, as by subtending a large
angle as seen from the Observatory, it might impede
extra meridian observations, there being already too
many obstructions of this nature, as Nelson's Pillar,
and the columns of the National Monument.
These reasons appeared to us so conclusive, that
we at once gave up all thought of the Observatory,
and turned our attention to one of the existing build-
ings, and we found that Nelson's Monument com-
bines more than any other the requisites we could
desire.
This monument, as is well known, consists in a
stone tower, 100 feet high, and substantially built,
surmounted by a smaller tower and flag-staff, the
summit being at an elevation of about 500 feet above
the sea; in this upper tower the slight machinery
necessary for !heaving up the time-ball might be
placed, and thus not interfere with access to the large
tower by the public, who frequent it for the sake of
the fine view it affords.
As the monument is the property of the city of
Edinburgh, we sought an interview with the Lord
Provost, who immediately gave his own sanction to
the proposal, mad said he was sure it would receive
the same from the town council. His Lordship
added, "that he could not imagine a more appropriate
use for a monument in honour of Nelson than that it
should be rendered serviceable in communicating
correct time to sailors and the public."
Since our return from Edinburgh, we have
examined the time-ball at the Royal Observatory at
Greenwich, and have had the advantage of an ex-
planation of its machinery by the Astronomer Royal,
and Mr. Main, the chief assistant. This ball is five
feet in diameter, and falls ten feet, and seems to have
answered its purpose remarkably well, and to have
been dropped with great accuracy, its mean errors
not exceeding three-tenths of a second, or less error
than that likely to be made by the observer who is on
the 100k-out for its fall. Owing to the ball at Green-
wich being attached to the Observatory, it was
necessary to prevent the concussion caused by its fall
as much as possible, which has been accomplished by
means of the compression of the air obtained by a
piston working in a cylinder. This precaution will-
be less necessary at Edinburgh, nor does it seem
requisite that the ball should fall through a space
greater than its own diameter, which should not be
less than six feet.
In addition to the immediate benefit to sailors, the
exhibition of correct Greenwich time at Calton-hill
will be of great service to the public in general, the
more so since railway travelling requires so much
greater precision than formerly ; and in the event of
Greenwich time being adopted throughout the
country, which seems a most desirable measure, now
that railways are so extensively spread, the value of
such an establishment will be much enhanced.
Another advantage will be the stimulus given to
masters of merchantmen when lying in Leith Roads,
to pay attention to their chronometers. The recent
regulations respecting masters and mates passing an
examination almost call for some such help being
provided for them, and it is gratifying to
know from the nautical instructor at Leith,
that the number of this class who attend
his school is greatly on the increase. Of the neces•
city of such assistance, as far as Government vessels
are concerned, we can bear the fullest personal tes-
timony, as to the occasion of her Majesty's visit to
Scotland in 1843, as many as eight vessels of war
were lying in Leith Roads, and, owing to bad wea-
ther, were unable to land, and gese sights for time ;
and from want of such a sign's!, after lying there for
some days, the Pique frigate sailed for America with-
out any opportunity o rating her chronometers.
Foreign vessels of war, both French and German,
have recently been put to the same inconvenience
while at Elsinore.
In the comparatively small State of Denmark, it
appears that a time ball has beer. exhibited since the
s ear 1843, at the special instance of the Danish
hydrographer, Captain Zahrtmann.
It only remains to add, that during our inquiries at
Edinburgh we met with every assistance; not only
sailors, but all parties, including the distinguished
astronomer, General Sir Thomas Brisbane, were
unanimous as to the benefit such an establishment
would confer, and earnest in their hopes that their
Lordships would see fit to recommend this measure
to the favourable consideration of her Majesty's Go-
vernment.—Caledonian Mercury.

My plan of treatment consists in endeavouring, by
means which can be repeatedly applied without exco-
riation of the skin, to re•excite an action of heat on
the surface of the body, and thereby to restore the
lost balance of circulation and nervous energy. For
this purpose I employ an extract made of capsicum,
with alcohol, reduced to the consistency of jelly.
Three drachms of the extract to be well rubbed over
the abdomen, heart, and calves of the legs, several
times a day; and at all times if there be any coldness
over the surface of the body, or when spasm takes
place in the abdomen or calves of the legs. The
rubbing ought to be continued until such time as the
patient expresses that the heat is intolerable. Ano-
ther form of the employment of capsicum is the fol-
lowing embrocation : Concentrated tincture of
capsicum : riz. capsicum pods, four ounces; rec-
tified spirit, twelve ounces; macerate for a week,
and strain. To increase its energy upon the nervous
system, when required, I add two or four grains fo
delphinia, or veratria, to the tincture.
The advantages that the capsicum possesses over
many other stimulants is, that it produces no vesica-
tion, and therefore can be repeated very often:
Another advantage is its very permanent and certain
effects ; and there is no part to which it may not be
applied without injury. The capsicum will be found
a most powerful rubefacient; it assists in restoring
heat and circulation to the surface, while the delphinia
and veratria united with the capsicum restore the lost
nervous energy. This plan of treatment can be
pursued without much disturbance to the patient, the
movement of whom is attended with the worst conse-
quences. I have often used the different preparations
of capsicum, with or without veratria and delphinia,
in congestive fevers, with very good effect, and also in
cases of cramp or spasm. This stimulative plan does
not interfere with the administration of other medi-
cines, but, on the contrary, greatly assists in restoring
the lost power of the nervous energy and equalizing
the balance of circulation.
A. TURNBULL, M.D., &c. &c.
48, Russell-square, Jan., 1848.

NAVAL INTELLIGENCE.
MALTA, JAN. 15.—The last dispatch was by the
Volcano; on the 12th instant. The day following her
departure it blew a fresh breeze, which subsequently
became a hurricane. Last night the Peninsuiar
Oriental Company's steamer Indus, which left Malta
on the 13th, put back, and early this morning thi-
Volcano, with th.qt portion of the India mail sent
through France, returned to port with damage. The
llecate to proceed with the mails when the weather
is moderate.

The only item of naval intelligence is the return of
Vice-Admiral Sir C. Parker, with the fleet under his
command. A portion has come into the great harbour,
and a portion is standing in.
One of the liners got foul of another in entering,
but, as far as was seen from the look-out, got free
without much damage. No communication has been
held with the ships from the shore as yet.
The Harlequin is ready for sea. Her mails closed
yesterday, and she is only detained by the gale.
The Bellerophon troop-ship arrived at Corfu on the
9th instant.
The Tartarus steamer closed a mail for Constanti-
nople at 11 A.ll.
The French steamer from Alexandria, due yester-
day, has not yet made her appearance.
Neither the Peninsular and Oriental Company's
steamer, with the India mail of the present month,
from London, nor the Flamer, with the portion dis-
patched overland through France, due on the 13th-
14th, has made her appearance. For them the gale
is a fair wind.
JAN. M.—The accident of yesterday is very trifling.
On entering the port, the flying jibbootn of the Hi-
bernia, by some mishap, got foul of the Rodney's quar-
ter boat, which was much damaged, and the boom
was carried away.
The fleet is from Palma and Cagliari. The vessels
arrived are—the Hibernia (flag), the Rodney, the
Superb, and the Trafalgar, with the Gladiator and
Odin steamers. The Vengeance, which left this for
Cagliari on the Bth, has put back. The Thetis fri-
gate remains at Naples, and the Bulldog steam-frigate
is at Palermo.

The Volcano mail-packet has suffered much da-
mage.
The Hecate steam sloop left this port for Marseilles
at six P.m. last sight.
The Flamer mail-packet, with the outward India
mail (London, 7th inst.), arrived last night, and goes
on to the lonian Islands.

The Indus (Peninsular and Oriental Company),
second attempt, left port at five this morning.
The Euxine (Peninsular and Oriental Company),
with the bulk of the outward bound India mails,
arrived this morning.
The Ariel, which is to convey to Alexandria the
Euxine's mails, is ready for sea. The Euxine pro-
ceeds to the Levant and Black Sea.

PORTSMOUTH, THURSDAT.--ADISIRALTT VISIT.—
This morning, by the first express train of the South-
Western Railway, a Board of Admiralty, comprising
the Right Hon. the Earl of Auckland, G.C.8., First
Lord ; Captain the Right Hon. Lord John Hay,
R.N., C. 8., M.P., Fourth Lord ; Captain Alexander
Milne, R.N., Fifth Lord; the First Secretary to the
Board, Mr. Henry G. Ward, M.P.; and Captain
Henry Eden, R.N., Lord Auckland's private secre-
tary, arrived at this port on an official visit. Their
Lordships were accompanied by the Countess of
Ellesmere and two of the Ladies Egerton, whose
brother, the Hon. Granville Egerton, goes out in the
Meander to join the Vernon flag-ship, in the East
Indies, as naval cadet. This young gentleman was
also of their Lordships' party.
Sir Charles Ogle, Bart., the Commander-in-Chief;
Rear-Admiral Superintendent Prescott, C. 8., Ca.otain
Chads, C. 8., Captain Milne, of the Admiralty, Flag-
Captain Eden, Captain Martin, and Flag-Lieutenant
Cochran, proceeded to Gosport at neon, and escorted
the distinguished party into the Clarence-yard by her
Majesty's railway, where Sir Charles's barge was in
waiting to embark them, on entering which, and the
Admiralty flag being hoisted, a salute of 19 guns was
fired from the flag-ship Victory, but no yards were
manned, their Lordship having countermanded that
ceremony on account of the inclemency of the weather.
The Admiralty flag was transferred to the mainmast
head of the Fire Queen steam-yacht on the august
party boarding her, and then their Lordships became
in a very unpleasant " fix." The Fire Queen would
not start when her machinery was set in motion, and
although she had the experienced master, engineers,
and crew of another steam-vessel lent to her for
the occasion, she refused to " move on," in
which strait the Commander-in-Chief took
Captain Chad's barge and proceeded to his
sailing-yacht, the Fanny, and ordered her to pre-
pare on the instant for the reception of the
Admiralty party, which her master and crew at once
did. In the meanwhile, however, their Lordships'
"bargain," the Fire Queen, suddenly resolved to go,
and out she went accordingly to Spithead, and in the
course of twenty minutes transferred her gallant bur-
den to the decks of the Meander, 44, whose distin-
guished captain, the Hon. Henry Keppel, received
the party at the gangway, and escorted them over his
fine ship, with whose entire economy and efficiency
their Lordships could not be otherwise than satisfied.
Their Lordships witnessed the getting out, manning,
arid pulling of the barge and pinnace with which the
Meander has been supplied, on Lord John Hay's
plan. These boats were pulled round the ship several
times, and notwithstanding there was at the time a
very heavy sea running, the boats exhibited first-class
qualities; they were quick to handle and steer, easy
to pull, dry as possible, and very swift withal. Cap-
tain Keppel provided a superb collation for his illus-
trious guests, of which they partook. At a quarter
to three they left the ship under a salute of 19 guns,
and embarked in the Admiral's sailing yacht Fanny,
Acting Master Scarlett, commanding, and with the
entrance to which their Lordships and the ladies dis-
eAmdbmairrkaeldty flag flying, came into harbour, at the
into the Admiral's barge, which landed
them at the Sallyport-stairs, whence they proceeded to
the George Hotel, where Lord Auckland remained
and received a few friends, whilst the other members
of the Board were escorted by Captain Yates into the
dockyard to make a few observations before dark.
Sir Charles Ogle entertained the following guests
at dinner this evening :—The Earl of Auckland, Lord
Princelege et ; Captain John Hay, Captain H. Eden, Captain Milne, Mr.
Ward, Rear-Admiral Prescott, C. 8., Captain Charles
Eden, of the Victory ; Captain Chads, C. 8., of the
Excellent; Captain Yates, of the Illustrious ; Captain
the Hon. of the Meander;.
A
eande.r ;TC. aAptuasintinA,lacr.tßin.:
of the
of the Blenheim ; Mr. Cochran, R.N., his Flag
Lieutenant ; and Mr. Fincham, master shipwright of
n Keppelt
the dockyard.

The Countess of Ellesmere and the Ladies Egerton
returned to town by the 5.30 traia of the South-
Western Railway.
The Raja of Sarawak (Mr. Brooke) has officially
intimated his intention of arriving at this port to
embark in the. Meander on Sunday night.
To-morrow the Lords of the Admiralty make an
inspection of the dockyard, steamworks, &c.
We have much pleasure in giving publicity to a
noble act of spontaneous benevolence on the part of
the officers and crew of the Excellent, gunaery -ship,
Captain H. D. Chad., C.B. This morning, before
Captain Chads proceeded to pay his respects to the
Lords of the Admiralty, the whole of the crew of
his: ship, without any previous hint, solicitation, or
announcement, came forward and volunteered one
day's pay each towards the relief of the widows and
fatherless children, or other surviving relatives, of the
drowned crew of the unfortunate Avenger. The
brilliant example was immediately afterwards followed
by a similar act on the part of the officers of the
ship. Comment upon the gratifying event would
only rob it of that lustre which surrounds its unpre-
tending charity. So worthy an example is truly in
character with the name of the ship, and will doubt-
lessly be speedily followed by other officers and crews
in commission.
The Powerful, 84, was brought down to-day to he
thesea"g°ing guard-ship for this
steam-vessel,
station, by Captain the Hon. R. S. Dundas.
The steam-tug Echo was sent out to Spithead to
commissioned,to ir in
th Fire as
Queenher breaking down ; the latter, however, came into
harbour without assistance. is the event of
The Lords of the Admiralty slept at the George
Hotel.
Wind E.N.E.— t
S rong breezes ; weather hazy,
and very cold : five P.M.

THE COMMAND AT COVE.
Rear-Admiral the Hon. Hugh Donald Mackey
arrived in Cove, on Sunday morning, per the Sabrina
bearing
.agnb
steameral blue light
the suspendedcroe(xiiiCrocodile.
from Bristol, to assume the command of the Irish
station, vacant by the death of Sir Thomas Ussher.
The Sabrina entered the
iyhmh,samsrlbedoivartealybout2o conveyed ninuinteas
Was immediately
to five o'clock A.m.,
bf'ali:nahorsmegweße hriteeoadrr . ftAbohyrdeemlniCl aerrsraoti:Aol7:ajilhesesict where he hoisted his flag
under a salute of 13 guns. He shortly after pro-
ceeded to the Admiralty-house,

THIS HIT TRADR AT ASHTON.—We are informed
that the hatting business is a little more brisk than it
has been for some time past. The operatives have
suffered much from want of employment.
A SURPRISING CURE OF A BAD COLD THAT HAD
SETTLED ON THE LUNGS, BY HOLLOWAY'S PILLS.—
Jane Kruger, residing at 33, Cursitor•street, Chancery-
lane, was reduced to a more skeleton, Owing to a violent
cold, so that her liver and lunge had become dan-
gerously affected. When she last attended Bartholo-
rne w's Hospital her mother was told by a medical gen-
tleman "That he scarcely thought she would live to
reach borne." Her father then, as a forlorn hopo, com-
menced rubbing her chest, sides. and loins with Hollo•
way's Ointment, and gave her th-,,se famous Pills twice a
day, which, to the surprise of all, saved the child's life.
—Sold by all vendors of medicine throughout the civi-
lised world, and at Professor Holloway's Establishment,
244, Strand.

THE GAME-LAWS.—It is a " great fact" that
magistrates, at some of the country petty sessions, ac-
tually make it a rule to take the game cases set down
for hearing before any other business which has to be
transacted. First, eagerness to be working at their pet
law; and, secondly, that keepers and their men may be
set at liberty, to go home and catch more in their
nets." Game-preserving, and justices' game-law jus-
tice, have become a thorough scourge to society.

THE SITN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENIN-G, JANUARY 28 1848.

DUTCH ENCROACHMENTS ON
ENGL [SU TRADE IN THE EASTERN
ARCHIPELAGO..

Repeated obstructions offered by the Datch autho
ri ies, at Macassar, to British subjects proceeding to
trade at native purts i❑ Celebes, have compelled th‘,
Singapore Board of Trade to memorialise the Home

Government, and, at the same time, petition tht
Ileuse of Commons. The memorial of the Board t.'
Lord Palmerston is a brief synopsis of the following
petition, a copy of which has been forwarded to his
Lordship.
To the Honourable the Commons of Great Britain

and Irelnd, in Parliament assembled.—The yeti•
tion of the undersigned merchants and traders of
Singapore,

Humbly showeth,—That by a treaty concluded
and signed at London on the 17th day of March,
1824, between his Majesty and the King of Great
Britain and Ireland and his Majesty the King of the
Netherlands, the mutual rights of possessions and
commerce of these two Powers and their subjects in
the East Indies %%we fixed and defined.
That more particularly, by articles 1,2, 3, and 4
of the said treaty, provisions were made for the trade
of the subjects of either Power with the possessions
of the other in the East Indies, and for the trade
with native Powers and states, which last to be open
to the subjects of both Powers upon an equal foot-
ing, the said high contracting parties mutually bind-
ing themselves not to make any treaty with any
native Power in the eastern seas tending, either ex-

pressly or by the imposition of unequal duties, to ex-
clude the trade of the other party from the ports
of such: native Power, and that any article in
any treaty then existing on either party having
such tendency should be abrogated ; and the
said contracting parties further engaged to give
strict orders to their civil and military authorities,
as to their ships of war, to respect the freedom of
trade thus established, and in no case to impede a
free communication to the natives in the Eastern

Archipelago with the ports of the two Governments
with the ports belonging to native Powers.
That it appears from the special exception made in
regard to thsAlolucca Islands by article 7 a©d as

explained and defined by the notes interchanged be-
tween the English and Netherlands plenipotentiaries
on the conclusion of the treaty, that the freedom and
equality of trade between the subjects of the two
Powers, and with the native Powers and states, was to

be of the most unrestricted nature, and more espe-

cially as regarded the commerce with native stales,
and was to be wholly regulated by the provisions of
the said treaty.
That notwithstanding the wide and important field
for commerce presented by the Eastern Archipelago,

and the increasing taste of 7 the natives for the.man-u:
factures and goods of Europe and Continental Asia,
the British trade in this quarter for some years has

been of a stationary nature, and latterly -has been
evidently decreasing, which your petitioners believe
is to be ascribed in a great measure to the active pro-
ceedings of the Government of Netherlands India in
extending their influence and dominion amongst the
native Powers in the Archipelago, and at the same
time using every effort, in violation of the provisions
of the treaty before referred to, to impede and exclude
the trade and intercourse of British subjects with

native Powers ; proceedings which they have for some
years been allowed to carry on unchecked by ally
remonstrance or opposition on the part of the British
Government.

That a very recent instance of the determination
of the government of Netherlands India to take
every means in their power for excluding British
trade from native states is afforded by their conduct
in regard to Macassar, which was opened as a free
port on the Ist day of January of the present year
—a measure which, notwithstanding the temporary
injury it was anticipated by some, it might inflict on
a branch of the trade of Singapore, your petitioners
hailed with satisfaction as being the first step on the
part of the Netherlands Government to carry out
fully and in good faith the provisions of the treaty of
1824 for equal liberty of trade, but which they now
find, on the contrary, is made a pretence for further
restrictions and more entire exclusion of British trade
with native Powers or states under Dutch influence
or controul.

That your petitioners annex to this petition certi-
fied copies of three letters addressed to the Hon. the
Governor of the Straits settlements, and two decla-
rations, by which it appears that the Dutch authori-
ties at Macassar have declared that port is the only
place on the Island of Celebes open to foreign trade,
and that they threatened with seizure and confisca-
tion any British trading vessel proceeding, not only
to ports on those parts of Celebes which the Dutch
have taken possession of, but even to ports of native
states on that island which are still independent, or
with which the Dutch are only connected by treaties,
and, to which, by the ad and 4th Articles of the

treaty of 1824, British traders haite a clear right of
access.

That the treaty between the Netherlands Govern-
ment and the Sultan of Jambie, a native state on the
Island of Sumatra, dated the 15th day of December,
1834, which so far back as the 31st of May, 1841,
was declared by Viscount Palmerston, Secretary of
State for Foreign Affairs, to be at variance in a num-
ber of its provisions with the treaty of 1824, and to
" have a direct tendency to inflict on British commer-
cial interests the injury against which the treaty of
1824 was intended to guard," is still maintained in
full force by the Netherlands Government. That
under the provisions of the Bth and other articles of
the said treaty with the Sultan of Jambie, the regu-
lations for shipping and trade of Netherlands India
have been put in operation at the port of Moeara
liompeh, in: Jambie, by a recent Besluit of the Go-
vernor •General of Netherlands India, a copy of which,
as contained in the Java Courant of Ist May last, is
hereunto annexed, and by which unequal duties are
imposed on goods imported and exported under the
Netherlands flag, and from and to Netherlands

India ports, and under the flags to and from the ports
of other Powers respectively.
That your petitioners beg further to represent that
for many years past a very considerable trade has
been carried on by British subjects with the island of
Bally. That the proceedings of the Netherlands
Government in the month of June, 1846, against
two of the most powerful Rajas of Bally, resulting
in the permanent station of an armed Dutch force in
the country, and the exaction of treaties acknow-
ledging the supremacy of the Netherlands over these
states, have produced an injurious effect on the trade
between Singapore and Bally, and your petitioners
are apprehensive that the British trade with Bally
will be ,in danger of extinction by the incorporation
of that island with Java, a measure which they be-
lieve will ultimately follow the present proceedings
of the Netherlands India Government. That the
treaties from time to time made by the Netherlands
India Goverment with native Powers in the Indian
Archipelago are invariably intended to affect British
trade in one of two ways : first, by obliging the
native rulers to forbid foreign trade, and thereby
totally excluding British subjects ; and, secondly, by
allowing the introduction into the states of such native
Powers of the Dutch regulations for shipping and
trade, whereby an unequal system of duties is im-
posed ; in both cases the freedom and equality of trade
guaranteed by the treaty of 1824 being destroyed.
That all the proceedings of the Dutch in the Eastern
Archipelago above referred to have an injurious effect
on British trade, which instead of attaining that ex-
pansion and importance in this quarter which it is
capable of, and being productive of benefit both to
England by opening up fresh markets to her manu-
factures, and to the natives of the Archipelago by
affording them favourable means for the exchange of
their varied produce, is yearly becoming more uncer-
tain, and even under the most favourable view, re-
maining stationary in amount and value. That your
petitioners seek for the British trade in the Eastern
Archipelago no exclusive privileges or advantages but
only the freedom and equality so distinctly provided
for by the provisions of the treaty of 1824.
That your petitioners consider that one great cause
of the disadvantages under which British interests in
the Eastern Archipelago at present labour arises from
the channel of communication between the British
subjects settled in the Archipelago and the British
Government being of so circuitous a nature that much
time is lost before their representations can find their
way to the proper quarter, whereby irretrievable in-
jury and loss are frequently suffered before any means
of redress can be provided, and the effect of which is
to discourage parties from making representations and
remonstrances, the issue of which is so distant, and
to cause them to submit in silence to encroachments
and aggressions on the British trade by the Dutch,
the redress of which is attended with so much delay
and uncertainty.
That your petitioners venture humbly to suggest
as a remedy for this great inconvenience that autho
rity should be given to the Government of the British
settlements in the Straits of Malacca, or other com-
petent persons to exercise a general superintendence
over British trade and interests in the Eastern Ar-
chipelago—that such superintendent should be placed
in direct correspondence with the Secretary of State
for Foreign Affairs, and that a British man•of--war,
destined specially for the service, should, as far as
possible, be placed under his direction and control.
That such an appointment already exists it
to the British trade with China, and it appe- regard
necessary for the prosperity and pre.. _ars not less
.Lection of the
British trade in the Eastern Archir
cially as the East India Cornpab,! 'Jingo, more espe-
do not, in any
,Torer
great measure, seem desirous 0/4'
terference in the Eastern Arci;; xercising any
elago. That the
in-
refusal of the Netherlands, 11
render suchs
residence of consuls or other in: ,ent to permit the
Government in their pom,,ion Nei Its of the British
Ar-
chipelago, seems to t the Indian
that suggested iy your upt: In appointment es
for the protection of j toners the more desirable
Nether-
lands Indiatt ish anklet is in the
Auwions, a 3 they t ave at present no

! officer of the British Government at hand to whom
they can in emergent cases appeal for assistance or
redress. That the cultivation of friendly relations
with native Powers in the Archipelago by such an
officer of the British Government would tend greatly
to the promotion of British trade and interests gene--
ran y, as such rowers have ever shown an eager desire
to seek the friendship and alliance of the British Go
vernment, but which desire hitherto has not been
responded to so fully as it ought to be, chiefly, as
your petitioners believe, from the want of a proper
and permanent channel of intercourse.
That the appointthent of a superintendent of Bri-
tish trade in these parts would afford great protection
and encouragement to British commerce, by placing
on the spot an officer of the Government, who could
at all times be readily appealed to by British mer-
chants for advice and assistance ; who could inquire
into causes of complaint and report upon them
directly to the British Government, and who could
better judge of the grounds of such complaints and of
the measures necessary for their removal than persons
at a distance, who have neither the means nor time
for a full and searching investigation. That coin-
plaints may frequently appear founded on inadequate
causes, because the whole grounds for them cannot be
traced out and laid open by private persons who have
nut means and opportunity of doing so, but which a
duly authorised commissioner of Government would
have it in his power thoroughly to inquire into and
judge of.
That your petitioners further respectfully suggest
that much of the present ignorance of the proceedings
of the Netherlands Indian Government, in regard to
native states, arises from the neglect to enforce the
observance of that part of article 3 of the treaty of
1824, by which the contracting parties bind them-
selves to mutual communication of all treaties or en-
gagements then subsisting, or which should thereafter
be concluded, between either of them and any native
power in the eastern seas, and the making of the same
public for general information.
That your petitioners have observed with much
satisfaction the measures recently taken for establish-
ing a British settlement on the island of Labuan, not
only as affording a practical recognition to form
settlements in the Eastern Archipelago, but as mani-
festing the intention of the British Government to
extend by every means in their power British trade
and influence in the Eastern seas, and they anticipate
much benefit to British trade 'generally to result
from the increased intercourse with Borneo and other
native states, which it will no doubt lead to.
That your petitioners would lastly respectfully
represent the desirableness of immediate measures
being taken to follow up the proceedings so success-
fully begun by the British navy for putting down the
piracy on these seas which has hitherto operated so
prejudicially to the interests of commerce, by visiting
the Sulo Archipelago, the head-quarters of the most
formidable and extensive of the piratical communities
in the Eastern seas, and there exacting such engage-
ments from the chiefs of Sulo as will put an end to
their nefarious proceedings.
Your petitioners humbly pray your Hon. House to
take what has been above stated into your favourable
consideration, and to take such measures as may seem
best fitted for promoting British trade and interests
in the Eastern Archipelago, and procuring from the
Netherlands a more strict observance of the treaty of
London, dated 17th of March, 1824. And they will
ever pray, &c.—Singapore, November, 1847.