The Sun.
London, England, 1846-03-12 00:00:00

CHASTITY ; its ABUSES and DISEASES (72 Engravings).

These two interesting little volumes are not inieniedfor kilo Or in-
discriminate perusal, but they are earnestly offered to the attenOve
consideration of those who may be more legitimately and perinrki
painfully interested.

Sherwood, 23, Paternoster-row; Carvalho, 147, Fleet-street
Mann, 39, Cornhill, and all booksellers, or direct from the Authot,
21, Arundel-street, Strand. At home daily till 2 ; Evenings, 7 till 9

SOUTH DEVON RAILWAY,
LOANS ON DEBENTURE.

The Directors of the South Devon Railway Company are ready
to receive LOANS, for. a term of Three Years, on the security of
.3fORTGAGE DEBENTURES, bearing interest at the rate of Five
per Cent. per annum, payable half-yearly.
Application to be made to the undersigned, at the South Devon
Railway-office, Bedford Circus, Exeter.
WILLIAM CARR, Secretary.
17th February, 1846.

4 TATIONAL LOAN FUND. LIFE ASSUR-
-IANCE SOCIETY,
26, CORNIIILL, LONDON.
Capital A 500,000.
Empowered by Act of Parliament.
This institution oZas Important and sutstantial advan-
tages with respect both to Life Assurances and Deferred Annuities.
The assured has, on all oer,asions, the power to bornw, without ex-
pense or forfeiture of the Policy, two-thirds of tha premium paid,
(see tabio)4-also.baoptiosat selecting -benefits, and the conversion
of his interests to meet other convenisnces or necessity. Assurances
for terms of years are granted on the lowest possible rates.
DIVISION OF PROFIT:.
The success and increasing prosperity of the Society has enabled
the Directors, at the last annual investigation, to declare a third
Bonus, varying from 3u to 75 per cent. on the premiums paid on
each l'olic,y effected on the Profit scale.
EXAMPLHS.

The di-vision of profits is annual, and the neat will be made in De-
cenxr of the present year.

F. FERGUSON CAMROUX. See.

-NICOLL'S PALETOT of LLAMA CLOTH
registered 6 and 7 Vic., cap. 65. t'atronited by the Prince
Consort, Prince George of Cambridge, Ste.

This overcoat recommends itself is the Public generally by its
peculiar elasticity and lightness, moderate price, and able defence
against the almost constant humidity of the climate of Great Britain.
_ _

To b 3 had In London only of the Patentees. 114, Regent-street.

HORTICULTURAL IMPROVEMENTS,

• READ begs to inform Laaie7,..7Cnateur and
t• Practical Gardeners, that he has taken out a NEW PATENT
for Improvements in his Garden Engines, Machines, and Syringes.
The action of the Valves is such as to prevent the possibility of their
getting out of repair, which J. It., from thirty-one years' practical
experience can safely warrant. The above are adapted for Forcing
Houses, Conservatories, &c., surpassing anything of the kind ever
offered the public, inasmuch as they can be worked with half the
labour of any other Engine now in use. Manufactured only by the
Patentee, 3 Regent-circus, Piccadilly, where they may be seen and
proved.

N.B. None are genuine except stamped with the words Read's
Patent.

BURGESS'S NEW SAUCE, for general pur-
poses, having gained such great approbation, and the demand
tor it continuing to increase, JOHN BURGESS and SON beg most
vespectfully to offer thus their best acknowledgments to the Public
for their liberal patronage of the same ; its utility and great conveni-
ence in all climates have recommended to the most distinguished
oreign connections, who have all spoken highly in its recommenda-
tion. It is prepared by them only ; and for preventing disappoint-
ment to families, all possible care has been resorted to, by each
bottle being sealed on the cork with their firm and address, as well
as each label having their signature, without which it cannot be
genuine.

- JOHN BUEGESS and SON'S long-established and much-esteemed
ESSENCE of ANCHOVIES continues to be prepared by them after
the time manner that has given the greatest satisfaction for many
years.

Warehouse, 107, Strand, corner of Savoy Stags, London.

A NOTHER CASE of FIFTY YEARS'
_EX ASTHMA, by •

Dr. LOCOCK'S PULMONIC WAFERS.

Vrom Mr. Jeremiah Cunningham, farmer, Ardingly, near Brighton

" Sept. 26. 1845.

" Sir,—l feel it a duty to inform you of the astonishing benefit
-.vhich has been afforded to my wife by Locock's Wafers. She has
been afflicted with confirmed asthma for fifty years, and wni recom-
mended last winter to try the wafers ; she did, and the effect was
-truly astonishing.; indeed, the first box gave her immediate relie",
tic. (Sig ed ) "J. CU.NNINGIIAINI.
" To Mr. Payne, chemist, 18, North-street, Brighton."
DR. LOCOCK'S WAFERS give instant relief and a rapid cure of
Asthmi, Coughs, and all disorders of the Breath and Lungs.
To SINGERS and PUBLIC SPEAKERS they are invaluable for
clearing and strengthening the voice ; they have a most pleasant
taste. Price Is. 134 d., 2s. 9d., and I Is. per box. Agents—Da Silva
and Co., 1, Bride-lane, Fleet-street, London ; sold by. all medicine
venders.

THE STORM OF WEDNESDAY

IN SCOTLAND.

The severe hurricane which we experienced on Wed-
nesday last, and which was productive of so many serious
casualties in this city and neighbourhood, we observe,
has been felt with equal severity in many other places.
The following are a few records of the effects of the
storm :

-
DUNDEE.—Shortly after high water on Wednesday
the wind increased to a hurricane, and between nine
and ten o'clock the fury of the tempest was at its height,
gradually subsiding afterwards till about the time of low
water. We may mention the following amongst the
nuixterous casualties attending the visitation of this war
of elements here. The South Mail was two hours
and the North Mail one hour later than usual in
arriving, the state of the weather in the former
case rendering it impossible for the Ferry steamer to
effect a landing on this side of the river, the whole
breadth of which presented a tempestuous sheet of foam.
The tide swept the quays in all directions, exposing life
and property to extreme hazard ; and, had the springs
not drawn considerably off, the shipping and other pro-
perty exposed to the sweep of the impetuous flood must
have suffered very severely. Even as it was, several
vessels were considerably injured. The effects of the
tempest were also felt on shore. Part of a factory at
the Hawkhill and the back part of a house at Logie
were blown down ; the rope work between the Arbroath
Railway station and the Seagate was nearly demolished.
An erection in Mr. Adamson's shipbuilding-yard was
partly unroofed, and one in Mr. Stephens's was thrown
down; while the inclosures of Messrs. Kerr and Guild's
bonded yards were almost completely prostrated. A
chimney stalk situated between Shorter-road and Tally-
street fell with a tremendous crash through the roof of
a glazier's shop, but fortunately no one was on the pre-
mises. There were many narrow escapes, but, so far as
we have heard, no serious accidents were caus:d by the
storm.

PAISLEY.—We certainly never saw the wind rage
with such terrific force, nor have we ever seen the
streets so strewed with chimney cans and slates, but
happily that description of damage, coupled with the
tirring of thatch roofs, and the breakage here and there
of a few panes of glass, are the most severe losses that
have been. sustained. 01 sill the buildings about the
town, Mr. Kerr's new factory has suffered most severely,
but still in nothing• but the tearing off of the slates. A
boy who resides in Queen-street bad his arm broken by
the falling of a chimney can. At Elderslie two houses
were unroofed. At Neilston a drying-house was blown
down. Not a farm has escaped less or more damage.
KILMARNOCK.—About ten o'clock a large stalk of
chimneys in Robertson-place yielded to the storm, and
fell with a tremendous crash through the roof of a
weaver's shop, happily without injury to life or limb. In
the newly opened print-works of Mr. P. Brown, in Wel-
beck-street, about seventy panes of glass were blown out.
Several trees were also blown down in our neighbour-
hood.

--
BRIDGE OF SV ElR.—Between nine and ten a.m., on
Wednesday, when the hurricane was at its height, a
young girl, in ga ing home from her work at that time,
met with a vet., serious accident, being felled to the
ground by a large piece of a wooden ridge which was
blown off the M ill-of-Gryfe byre, at the distance of
twenty or thirty yards from the road. On being taken
up, it was found that her thigh bone was broken, and that
she was otherwise severely wounded in the head.
GREENOCK. —This town, as well as a large part of
Scotland, was visited on Tuesday morning by a storm of
wind of unusual violence. We are very glad to be able
to say, that it. has been unaccompanied by any loss of
life, or material destruction of property in this neigh-
bourhocd. f..3;Zetes, cans, and panes of glass were broken
in the more eluvated parts of the town, and in a land in
Hamilton-Are et, a large portion of a stack of chimneys
was overthrov n.

The storm has extended to Ireland ; and in Parsons-
town a house was blown down, killing a woman and her
child. Numerous other casualties are also reported to
have occurred throughout different parts of the country.
—Glasgow Argus.

SERIOUS A:ND MELANCHOLY ACCIDENT.—OH Satur-
day morning, .Mr. P. Nuthall, at the Lime Kilns in this
town, met spites a very distressing accident, under peculiar
circumstanc is. A man named Bowles, employed by Mr.
Nuthall in has timber-yard, was in the-act of drawing a deal
from one of the stacks of timber; just at this moment Mr.
Nuthall ?paned to paws, when a portion of the pile fell
upon him, and so completely overwhelmed him that his body
was not. discoverable. On extricating him, it was found
that one leg was broken in two places; two or three ribs
very int Leh ,jured, if not fractured; and several other severe
bruises were; found extending nearly over the entire surface
of his boe.y. Mr. Nuthall's medical attendant (Mr. C.
Aldred, was immediately in attendance; but at the time of
writini; 'this it is scarcely possible to form any very accurate
opin'.on al to the extent of the injuries received, or state of
the. suffer. !r.— Bury Herald.
LEWES I.—THE SPECIAL BURDENS UPON LAND.—At
the Petty Sessions held here on the 3d instant, John Taylor,
the Ringatter-gate keeper, appeared before their Worships to
answer an information preferred against him by Robert Raw-
linson, bailiff to Captain Hart. Taylor, it appeared, under
the err )nevus idea that all who drove a vehicle on the high-
way should alike pay toll, charged complainant with toll for
a cart laden with a roller. For this he was summoned, there
being n provision that implements of husbandry should pass
toll tree. He now pleaded guilty, and was fined vs., mclud-
lug e fsts.7-13righton Guardian.

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_

1 the most lively strain upon the correcting influence which
the separate system was calculated to exert over the life
and conduct of the frail portion of the community sub-
jected to its operation. There was, however, a quality
connected with that description of discipline to which
! neither the Chaplain nor his present correspondent had
adverted ; but he would, from the blue book which he
held in his hand, supply that great omission, and show
to the Court the attractive side of the picture, as his brother Magistrate had indulged in describing .
only its darker shades. That blue book, it
should be remembered, was not a romance, or a novel,
but a serious and pious document under the-hand and
seal of the most grave and 11;:verend Prison Inspector,
which, as the title of the book ostentatiously stated, had
been "presented to both Honses of Parliament by com-
mand of her Majesty," for the instruction of members,
and printed and circulated for the edification of the
public at large.—(llear, hear.) The letter was addressed
to the chaplain of the Preston Gaol, but, as was cus-
tomary with the correspondence in these reports, the
name of the writer was not given. It ran thus,
familiarly and kindly--
" Dear sire—l h9pe you will excuse the liberty I take,
as a stranger, in writing these few lines to you. I read an
account of the new Penitentiary at Preston a short time
ago in Chamber.' Edinburgh Journal, and my reason for
writing this is, that I wish to subject myself to the dis.
cipline of the prison for twelvemonths, without commit-
ing any crime.—(A laugh.) lam a young man of very
respectable family ; my friends are wealthy,
and I am myself possessed of a good property ;
money is not an object to me, comparatively speaking,
but I have unfortunately within the last two years got
into a habit of drinking too freely, to my very great
injury, and distress to my friends, and I am convinced
the only plan to break myself is to cut myself off en-
tirely from it, but unfortunately I have not resolution
enough as long as I am at liberty, and I have, therefore,
made up my mind to shut myself up.—(Laughter.) I
wish to be in a separate cell, and have a haodloom to
weave at—(Great laughter,)—which I understand,
having learnt it a few years ago for my own pastime ;
and I intend to pursue the cold bathing system with the
water supplied to the cell, and the drinking of cold
water also, as recommended by the Hydropathic estab-
lishments now in use in England and on the continent.—
(Laughter.) I feel very anxious about it, and, as I said,
money is not an object. lam willing to pay down 201.
as soon as I am admitted, which will insure the institution
from any loss; • but I do hope you will take the
thing into consideration, and let me have a favourable
answer soon. I hope you will not refuse me suddenly,
but if you think a personal interview with 'any of the
inspectors cr managers of the prison would further my
views, I could come over to Preston on purpose, to make
an arrangement as for certain. Nothing can lure me from
my purpose, though I should be sorry to have to commit
crime for the purpose of getting in, as it would so much
distress my friends. lam twenty-three years of age, of
a good constitution, and have never suffered from sick-
ness at all, so that I am certain my bodily health would
be good and I should give no trouble, but stick steadily
to my work.—(Great laughter.) I shall feel very grate-
ful if you will be kind enough to drop me a line by re-
turn of post, and, as I am a stranger in Preston, please
send me word how I can be admitted to see the interior
of a prison, and whether you would have conversation
with me yourself, if I were to conic over in the course
of a week. I shall be very anxious for a favourable
I answer as soon as you CUR make it convenient.—And I
remain, Sir, yours truly."
As soon as the Court recovered from its fit of laughter,
Alderman FAREBROTHER proceeded—The letter, as
was proper amongst gentlemen, received a speedy
answer from the worthy chaplain. The contents of that
answer were modestly withheld, but it might be inferred
from the tone of the next letter, that the authorities of
Preston held out to the youth of twenty-three, some
bore of a domicile within the sequestered bowers of
Preston House of Correction ; bat in order to make as-
surance of admission, a sly hint Wit. 7 contained in the
next letter, that if he could not be allowed to show its
benefits without committing crime, he would consult
an attorney, who would doubtless provide him with a
passport to the great object of his desires.—(Hear, hear,
and laughter). What had been the result of that
flirtation between the chaplain and his unnamed cor-
respondent did not appear, but the following letter closed
the correspondence, which the chaplain had deemed a
sufficiently important voucher of the merits of his pet
system of solitary confinement to get embalmed in the
inspector's report. . _

Dear received your letter on Saturday last,
and am much obliged for your promptness in answering
mine. As you say, my requ. st is extraordinary, but
my determination hes been long formed, and I am not at
all inclined to change it. I feel very anxious to hear
from you again, and hope the visiting magistrate will
decide upon admitting me, as I wculd much rather
me•ke my journey ae:ross the country to them two ;
however, if he make any objection I shall come over to
Preston, call to examine the establishment, and consult
with an attorney about the affair, for nothing but 12
months in a solitary cell, with labour, &e., will satisfy
my mind— (Roars of laughter)—for I am quite certain
the benefit I shall derive will far mare than counter-
balance any inconvenience I may suffer. Anxiously
waiting your reply, I remain, Sir, yours respectfully."—
(Laughter.) From the foregoing specimen of the con-
tents of the prison reports, the public might learn how
the time of the prison officers and prison inspectors had
been wasted, and the public money consumed, by get-
ting up such trashy stuff.—(Hear, hear.) He trusted
that the public would have their eyes opened to the de-
lusion attempted to be practised upon them by repre-
sentations respecting the solitary, or, as it was now
called, the separate system. • The change of names
did not change the nature of things, and it would be
found insufficient to exchange the name of solitary for
separate confinement, unless they destroyed its crushing
solitude and maddening isolation. (Hear, hear.)
The theory upon which the advocates of the sepa-
rate system relied was, that men would be deterred
from the commission of crime by the anprehension of
the dreary solitude to which they would be comigned,
so frightfully injurious to both the mental and bodily
health of the victims of that system. Had that de-
scription of solitude proved that an abundant supply of
officers was required, in every gaol where it prevailed,
to avert, by frequent visits at the cells, those fearful con-
, sequences ? —(hear, hear.) If that relaxation of the
system became necessary to the preservation of mental
and bodily health, what would become of the argument
on which the justification of the system rested—namely,
its power by its severity to deter the prisoners from the
re-commission of crime ?—(Hear, hear.) He should
cheerfully support the motion, because he felt that if
there still existed any mismanagement in the City pri-
sons, it ought, to be rectified. The prisons were all of
an ancient date—they had been built at the time upon
the bat models, and the greatest attention bad been
paid by the Court from time to time to increase
their accommodation and amend their discipline.
The gaol of Newgate, in its objects and purposes, was
unlike any other prison ; it was a place for the strict
confinement of prisoners from the metropolitan counties,
preparatory to their trial at the Central Criminal Court.
The arrangements and discipline suited to prisons for
convicted criminals were unsuited to that gaol. He re-
peated, he was not inimical to substantial and rational
improvement, but he was opposed to the system of soli-
tary confinement of untried prisoners, which it was the
purpose of the inspectors to force upon them. The
country would, before long, find out the enormous cost
which these experiments would cast upon it. Besides
the cost of constructing the gaols upon that system,
the annual expense would be immense. It might suit the
purpose of the promoters of the system to keep down
the amount for a time, but the enormous staff of officers
which
prisoners would teachdeparnedssintegilkconto
h.
required r ed t o
the
away
sequences of solitude, must add to the country an
overwhelming nominal sum.— (Hear, hear.) The nomi-
nalttobe
cost of persons subjected to that system of confine-
ment, in the early stage of the business, amounted to
between 301. and 401. a year. To what sum it might in-
crease, when the system was fairly established, it was
impossible to state. The Alderman concluded by ex-
pressing the strong indignation he felt at the ingenious
attempts to excite sympathy for the most abandoned
criminals, at the same time that the poor and the help-
less seemed to be wholly left to their own resources, as
far as the interposition of Government was concerned.
Sir J. DUKE said it was quite impossible to alter New-
gate in such a manner as to adapt it as a gaol for the
separate system. It would be better to pull down that
prison than to attempt any alteration of the kind.
Alderman LUCAS declared that he was a decided
enemy to solitary confinement, as he believed, upon un-
questionable authority, that it was calculated to produce
insanity, in the unfortunate creatures who were subjected
to it. `That was one of the parts of the system in the
notorious Bastile, which was the abhorrence and detesta-
tion of the Christian world, and which every friend of
humanity rejoiced to see utterly destroyed.
Alderman SIDNEY having, at the suggestion of several
Members of the Court, withdrawn his amendment,
Alderman WILSON rose to propose an amendment to
the effect of holding a conference with Sir J. Graham
upon the subject of the necessity of constructing a new
prison, as comprehended in his (Alderman Wilson's)
motion upon the day the Court was adjourned, on account
of the small number of members present. He ably advo-
cated the view taken by Alderman Sidney upon this
subject, and contended that not a single argument bad
been urged upon the other side calculated to weaken
the effect of the inspectors' report, which represented
the existence of evils which, if not soon remedied by the
City authorities, must certainly find active opponents
in the Aministration. He considered that the magis-
trates of this City betrayed a strong tendency to the
very desire which they foolishly supposed was a neces-
sary consequence of the separate system, when they_ thus
pertinaciously adhered to a
mock discipline, which all
society pronounced to be ruinous to the morals of the
people.
Sir PETER LAURIE suggested that it would be ab-
surd in the court to go to the Secretay of State, with-
out having examined the inspectors'_ had not the least
report. In that
report are several statements which
foundation in truth; and nothing could equal the folly of
the inference drawn from the alleged consequences of
the separate system, that it was calculated to prevent
any attack
of hereditary mental disease.
Several members entreated Alderman Wilson to with-
draw his amendment, as they considered unanimity of
great consequence on such an occasion. The Alderman
however most positively refused, and upon the question
being put, there were three hands held up for his amend-
en t, and
pfoe
troarr
Theinst it.
ryas finally,
motion of Sir Peter Laurie, referre according to the
to a committee of
the whole Ccurt.

The directors of the Eastern Counties Railway have
given the liberal donation of 25 guineas to the testimonial
to the widow anal family of Mr. W. F. Fierce, the superin-
tendent of the H division of Metropolitan Police, who ter ten
years rendered every assistance in his power to railway cpm
panics and their officers. We hope this example will b
tated byothet companies.—Railwq Standai d.

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