The Sun.
London, England, 1846-12-07 00:00:00

COURT CIRCULAR.

The Queen and Prince Albert, attended by the Royal
suite, returned to Osborne House at a quarter before
two o'clock on Friday afternoon, from Arundel Castle.
On Saturday her Majesty and her Royal Consort took
their usual walks in the pleasure grounds, and the Royal
&Daily took their accustomed airings.
Yesterday morning their Royal Highnesses the Prince
of Wales, Princo Alfred, the Princess Royal, and the
Princess Alice walked and rode on the sea-beach.

Her Majesty and Prince Albert, and the Ladies and
Gentlemen of the Court, attended Divine service in
Whippingham Church yesterday morning.
Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Cambridge
visited Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Gloucester
on Saturday at Gloucester House.
Combined deputations of merchants and others in-
terested in the reduction of the duty upon tea, from
Liverpool, Edinburgh, Glasgow, Leeds, Blackburn, Man-
chester, Dublin, acd Norwich, had an interview with
Lord John Russell and the Chancellor of the Exchequer
on Saturday at the official residence of the Noble Lord
in Downing-street. The deputations were composed of
—from the town of Liverpool, Messrs. William Ea► le, T.
B. Horsfall, and J. Bromley Moore ; from the town of
Leeds, Messrs. H. Stansfield and Scarlet; from the town
of Blackburn, Messrs. Montague, Fielden and Pilkington,
from the city of Edinburgh, Mr. W. Law; from the
city of Glasgow, Messrs. John Scott, Andrew Jamieson,
and R. Eglinton; from the Liverpool Association of the
reduction of the duty on tea, Messrs. Christopher Raw-
son, William Rathbone, and James Stearns; from the
Liverpool East India and China Association, Messrs.
William Potter, Henry Winch, and Edward Brodribb;
from the Manchester Commercial Association, Messrs.
Robert Gardner, Leopold Reiss, and William Steuart;
from the Glasgow Merchants House, Chamber of Com-
merce, East India and China Association, Messrs. John
Scott, Andrew Jamieson, and Rolert Eglinton; from
the Dublin Chamber of Commerce, Mr. C. Halliday ;
from the Merchants . and Manufacturers of Norwich,
Messrs. J. W. Robbed!. and Willett; from the Liverpool
Ship-owners Association, Messrs. John Lockett and
Thomas Bold.

Sir John Hall transacted business on Saturday at the
office of the Board of Trade.

Colonel Campbell had an interview with Earl Grey on
Saturday at the Colonial-office.
Sir Henry Pottinger left town on Saturday for South-
ampton, to embark for the Cape of Good Hope.
Dr. Bowring, M.P., and a deputation respecting to-
bacco, had an interview on Saturday with Lord John
Russell.
Sir George Grey left town on Saturday for Sandon
Hall, the seat of the Earl of Harrowby.
Lord John Russell left town on Saturday afternoon
for Charlwood.
-

--- -
The Judicial Committee of the Privy Council sat on
Saturday, and resumed the hearing of an appeal from
Jamaica, " Gordon v. Horsfall." Mr. Wigram, Queen's
counsel, Mr. Rennals, and Mr. Turner, Queen's counsel,
were heard._ The case was adjourned.

At the Chapel Royal St. James's, yesterday, the
prayers were read by the R.lr. Dr. H. Dakins, and the
lessons by the Rev. Dr. Wesley. The sermon was
preached by the Rev. Dr. Sleath. The anthem was
"Prepare ye the way of the Lord" (Wise). Sir George
Smart presided at the organ. The Duke and Duchess
of Sutherland, the Marquises of Anglesey, Granby, and
Thomond, Lords Sandwich, and W. Graham, were
among the nobility present.

MR. BRODERIP.—On Saturday, at the Thames
Police-court, Mr. Symons, the chief clerk, read a valedic-
tory letter from Mr. Broderip, on that gentleman's re-
tirement from a station which he had filled for upwards
of 23 years, to take his seat as one of the presiding ma-
magistrates at the Westminster Police-court.
ST. IVES.—Upwards of fifty pieces of mahogany
have been brought into this port by the pilot boats, and
from the appearance of the wreck the portions found
are supposed to have belonged to a French vessel, of
about 200 tons.— West Briton.
BRISTOL SUGAR MARKET, DEC. 6.—We have still
to report a very dull sugar market ; the trade take
barely sufficient for their immediate wants, and prices
aro again easier.—Bristol Mercury.

IRELAND.
REPLY OF THE LORD-LIEUTENANT TO THE
ROYAL AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.
DUBLIN, SATURDAY EVENING, SIX OVLOCK.—The
Dublin Evening Post has just issued a second edition,
with the following very important intelligence:—
" The following most important letter has been ad-
dressed by Mr, Labouchere to Mr. Edward Bullen, the
secretary to the Royaly Agricultural Improvement So
ciety, in reply to the memorial which was lately pre-
sented by the council of that body to his Excellency,
praying that townlands might be substituted for
electoral divisions, in promoting thorough draining and
other reproductive works under the Labour-rate Act:-
6Si • " D übl in Castle, 4th December.
r,—l am directed by his Excellency to acknow-
ledge the receipt of the memorial of the Royal Agri-
cultural Society of Ireland, in favour of the substitution
of the townland for the electoral division, as the basis of
taxation for reproductive works under the Poor Employ.
ment Act.
" The Lord-Lieutenant bas given to it that consider-
ation which was alike due to the memorialists and
to the great importance of the subject to which it
relates; but he is of opinion that he cannot, consistently-
with his duty, adopt the course which is proposed.
st" He has come to this conclusion, not merely from an
apprehension of the serious practical dilliculties which
would be produced by an attempt to carry it into execu.
Lion, but also from a belief that it would be inconsistent
with the primary object of the Poor Employment Act,
which was to meet, as far as possible, the pressing exi-
gency of the season, by providing sustenance for the
destitute, through the means of labour, in the most avail-
able inaener of which the circumstances of the case
would admit.
" It is true that his Excellency has been desirous of
reconciling, as far as he could, with this essential
principle the encouragement of the improved culture of
the soil, and has taken upon himself the responsibility
of affording the option of as-ricultural employment on
certain conditions. But this option was conceded with
as little departure as possible from the spirit of the
measures sanctioned by Parliament : whereas the
adoption of the townland instead of the electoral division
would, in many cases, lead to the greatest expenditure
taking place where the amount of destitution to be re-
lieved was least.
" The Lord-Lieutenant is not insensible to the espe-
cial importance of encouraging, at this period, by all
just and practicable means, the cultivation of the soil of
Ireland ; and his most anxious attention is directed, in
conjunction with her Majesty's Ministers, to this import-
ant subject. Nor can he, when addressing a society
which comprises so many of the leading gentry of this
country, forego the opportunity of expressing an earnest
hope that they will in their various relief committees,
lend their aid to the Government in resisting a practice
which he has reason to fear has very extensively pre-
vailed, of allowing persons who are by no means in a
destitute condition to be employed on the public works,
thus depriving the really distressed of the benefit which
was intended for them, as well as withdrawing from the
ordinary cultivation of the soil the labour which is essen-
tial to the future subsistence of the people.—l have the
honour to be, Sir, your most obedient servant,
" H. LABOUCHERE
" ' Edward Bullen, Esq., Secretary to the Royal Agri-
cultural Society, Upper Sackville-street.'
ARMING OF THE PEASANTRY—LETTER OF
THE LORD-LIEUTENANT.
The statements recontly forwarded from the provincial
journals, of the extensive and open sale of fire-arms in
several counties, have caused considerable alarm, and it
has become necessary that the utmost power of the law
should be enforced to put down so dangerous a system.
The local journals in Clare, Tipperary, Limerick, and
other counties almost daily contain accounts of attacks
upon the houses of the gentry and farmers, with the
object of obtaining fire-arms. The Government, in order
to grapple effectually against this wicked system, have
issued the following important circular to the magis-
trates at the various petty session courts throughout the
country :

" Dublin Castle, Dec. 3, 1846.
" Gentlemen,—His Excellency's attention haVing been
directed to the frequent outrages committed by armed
parties in various parts of the country, and to the ap-
pearance of persons armed, as well by day as by night,
to the terror and alarm of her Majesty's subjects, and
who, there is good reason to believe, do not bear arms
for any legitimate purpose—l am directed by the Lord-
Lieutenant to state, for your information and guidance, that
" Under 15th and 16th Geo. lIL, c. 21, 5. 2 (the
Whiteboy Act), any person or persons being armed with
fire-arms, firelock, pistol, or any offensive weapon, who
shall rise, assemble, or appear by day or by night to
the terror of her Majesty's subjects, is guilty of a high
misdemeanor, and punishable by fine and imprisonment.
" This section is still in force, and there can be no
doubt that, in a district where outrages have been corn
milted of a Whiteboy character, any person so appear-
ing may be committed under this section, unless it be
shown that he was out on a lawful occasion.

" By the 6th section, every magistrate or other peace
officer, within the limits of his jurisdiction, is authorised
to apprehend, disperse, or oppose any person or persons
so appearing armed. _ _ _

" This section should be acted upon if there is reason
to think that the parties are not in arms on some lawful
occasion, and more especially at night when there is less
reason to suppose that such is the fact ; but whenever
the parties are distinctly known to the police, informa-
tion should be sworn against them, upon which they
should be arrested, and, if the case require it, be com-
mitted for trial. If the person or persons so appearing
armed are not known, or if, being known, there be an
apprehension that he or they a7e engaged in the prose
cution of borne illegal act, the constables would be
authorised to arrest them, and bring them before a ma-
gistrate.
" His Excellency is desirous of calling the attention
of the magistrates and peace-officers to the provisions of
the law with respect to persons appearing armed, and
the power which it gives ofpunishing those who by such
conduct create terror and alarm in the minds of the

well-disposed ; and he trusts that, by a vigilant and
prudent application of these enactments, the proceedings
to which he has referred may be effectually checked.
" You may rely upon the cordial support of his Ex-
cellency in your efforts to prevent the right of carrying
arms for lawful objects, which every Irishman now pos-
sesses, from being perverted to purposes which are con-
trary to law and dangerous to the peace of the country.
" I have the honour to be, gentlemen, your obedient
servant,

"H. LABOUCIIERE.

" To the Magistrates at Petty Sessions."
DESTITUTION OF THE PEASANTRY—MEET-
INGS OF THE GENTRY.

Still, notwithstanding the immense amount of employ-
ment on the public works, combined with the benevo-
lent exertions of the-relief committees, there is a formi-
dable extent of destitution in various districts. Of its
intensity in the county of Cork you may form some idea
from the following statements, abridged from the Cork
Reporter :

LYCEUM THEATRE PROMENADE CONCERTS.—MT.
Allcroft's short but most successful campaign at this
theatre is now rapidly drawing towards a conclusion.
The present is the last week during which these de-
lightful performances will be continued, and great
praise is due to Mr. Allcroft for the manner
in which these concerts have been conducted.
In addition to other engagements, Mr. Al!croft has for
the present week secured the services of the Misses
Williams as vocalists, and there can be no doubt that
from their exertions, added to those of our old friend
Sinclair, the Distius, and the many other talented pro-
fessors who nightly appear at these concerts, will secure
for Mr. Allcrott crowded houses every evening.
NATIONAL BENEVOLENT INSTITUTION.—MUNIFI-
CENT DoNATIoN.—on Saturday the secretary of the
National Benevolent Institution, in Bloomsbury, re-
ceived a letter from an anonymous individual, signing
under the initials of "C. Y. P.," enclosing the sum of
5001. to be applied towards the funds of this excellent
charity.
CATCHING A TARTAR.—We have heard the follow-
ing account as current in Bradford. A Methodist local
preacher, residing in or near Horton, on returning home
one night during the week was attacked by a thief; when,
after a desperate struggle, the thief rifled his pockets of
some pence. The preacher, in the struggle, tore away
the coat-lap of the highwayman, and, taking it home,
found on inspection that there was in the pocket a purse
with 3L 10s. in it.—Leeds Mercury.

The silver extracted from mines in Spain during
the month of October amounts to 123,680 ounces, worth
30,914/. All this metal is sent to France, where it is
coined into five franc pieces.

THE CONDE DE MONTMOLIN.---011 Saturday his
Royal Highness was occupied during the early part of
the day in the transaction of business, and afterwards
received several distinguished persons, amongst whom
were Lord John Manners, M.P.; Viscount Pollington,iseobnt
M.P.; Mr. F. Mills, Mr. H. Broadwood, M.P.; v
the
&b
ye .
the In
Mar-
quis
Ranelagh, Mr. Urquhart, Mr. Philip H. Howard, M.P.
;
Mr. Borthwick, M.P.; MajorOc'oDmophaebritey
evening his Royal Highness, ac
de Villafranca, General Don Juan de Montenegro,
and Colonel Merry, honoured Mr. Quintin Dick, M.P.,
and a distinguished party with his company at dinner..
Yeersvtiecrd ay
eathisthe
eßoyal
Hanoverian Highness,
Catholic after
Chapel, t Divineo
oka b
airing in the Regent's-park. In the course of the day
visits were paid to his Royal Highness by Lieutenant
General Sir Willoughby Cotton, G.C.8.; Mr. Evan
Protheroe, Lieutenant-Colonel H. Dundas Campbell,
Mr. Moore, &c. His Highness has intimated his inten-
tion of honouring the French play with his presence this
evening.
THE WEATHER IN WESTMORELAND.—Winter has
come upon us with unlooked-for suddenness and seve-
rity. The change began on Friday last with a fine
bracing frost. Saturday was a brilliant sunshiny day,
with the frost still keen, and towards evening the mantle
of winter fell for the first time on the earth. The snow
in this neighbourhood was not nearly so deep as it ap-
pears to have been in Yorkshire, where several trains
were detained by it, and since Saturday we have had no
more. On Tuesday there was every appearance of a
break up of the frost, and the snow disappeared rapidly,
but by sunset the atmosphere had become clear and frore,
and since then the cold has been, for the season, intense.
Ice has been formed in a single night considerably more
than an inch in thickness, and at several spots skating
has been commenced. The canal has already been frozen
up.— Westmoreland Gazette.
M. MICHELET.—The death of M. Michelet, an
lately in most of the papers, was not that of the
historian, but of his father.

It is a fact worth noticing, that eggs were never at
a higher price than now in Carlisle. They have been
lately on sale at ls. 6d. per dozen, and even more money
has been asked in several instances.—Carlisle Patriot.
A rumour has just reached us that a disastrous slip
has happened on the Whitehavenßailway,near the mouth
of the tunnel. We have not, however, received any of
the Particulars.—Carlisle PatriA

LAW INTELLIGENCE.
VIOE-CHANCERY COURT, Dec. 5.
(Before Vice-Chancellor Sir J. WIGRAM
WINTER V. WINTER.
This cause came before his Honour for further direc-
tions, the Master having made a report in consequence
of the decree of the Court in November, 1845. The cause
turned upon the question, whether or not a writ
was brought under the operation of the new Will
Act. The circumstances were these . John
Palmer, the testator, made his will on the 13th of March,
1833, and after making provision for bequests, dc .t:,
&c., directed that his property should be divided equaily
between his children. One of the children, John Palmer
Winter, died during the life time of the testator, who
made a codicil in 1838, which, after some immaterial
alterations, ratified his will. It was contended,
on the part of the plaintiff, who was the eldest son of
John Palmer Winter, that the estate to which his father
was entitled under the will of the testator should devolve
upon him as heir-at-law, while on the part of the de-
fendants, who were females, it was alleged, that as John
Palmer Winter died prior to the testator, the property
should have been converted ii.to personalty, and be
divided equally between all the children.
The case had not co eluded at the rising of the Court

COURT OF QUEEN'S BEACII,Dec. 5.
SHAW V. GLYNN.
Mr. Charnock and Mr. Pearson were for the plaintiff,
and Mr. Wordsworth for the defendant.
'This was all action brought by the plaintiff, Miss Jane
Shaw, in forma pauperis, to recover 60/. from ihe de-
fendant, Mr. N. C. Glynn, a member of the legal profes-
sion, for services rendered to him as a housekeeper.
Evidence was adduced to show that, from May to
August, 1844, the plaintiff resided in the same house
with the defendant, cooked his meals, and sometimes
partodi of part of them with him, and superintended the
house and the lodgers it contained. There was,
however, evidence to show that the defendant
purchased the furniture, and that he only
allowed the plaintiff the use of it until she could
obtain sufficient money to repay him, and that they did
nut live together in the capacity of master and servant.
At the conclusion of the plaintiff's case,
Mr. Justice ERLE put it to the jury to say whether
they considered the plaintiff did or did not live with the •
defendant in the capacity of a servant.
The jury considered she did not, and the plaintiff
was nonsuited.

COURT OF EXCHEQUER, Dec. 5.
HOLDER V. COAPE.—SPECIAL JURY.
This was an action brought to recover the sum of
180/ for board, lodging, and maintenance supplied by
,he plaintiff, an hotel-keeper, in the New-road, to the
use of the wife of the defendant.
Mr. Stuart Wortley and Mr. Cowling appeared for
the plaintiff, Sir F. Thesiger and Mr. Robinson for the
defendant.
From the evidence adduced on the part of the plaintiff
it appeared that the defendant was a highly respectable
person, and well known in the sporting world, and his
income amounted to 2,8001. a year. The defendant and
wife were living apart, and the present action was
brought to recover the sum due for her expenses. On
the part of the defence documents were put in (admitted
upon the other side) and witnesses examined, to prove
the payment of the sum of SOO/. a year by the defendant
into the bank of Messrs. Rogers and Co. for the use of
the plaintiff.
Mr. STUART WORTLEY having replied upon the evi-
dence at some length,
The LORD CHIEF BARON in summing up to the
jury, said the simple question for them to decide was,
whether the sum of 8001. was a sufficient allowance for
the proper maintenance and support of his wife.
The jury retired, and after a short consultation re-
turned a verdict for the defendant.
Mr. STUART WORTLEY tendered a bill of exceptions
to one portion of the direction of his Lordship with re-
ference to the deed of separation. He said he hoped
his Lordship would not so direct the jury ; there was no
deed of separation between the parties, and he thought it
his duty respectfully to state that he could not concut in
such opinion.
The LORD CHIEF BARON would reserve to the Learned
Counsel every opportunity to bring the matter forward
again in any manner he pleased, either in this Court or
the Court above.
On the part of the defendant, Sir F. THESIGER COlL-
tended that as an allowance of 8001. a year was made by
the defendant for the support of his wife, which was re-
gularly paid in to her account at Messrs. Rogers and
Co.'s bank, and which was regularly drawn out by her,
he would not, therefore, be liable for the amount now-
claimed.
The LORD CHIEF BARON said that he had er.nsuited
some of the learned judges, and their opinion coincided
entirely with his, that the only question for the jury
was, whether the allowance of 8001. was or was not suf-
ficient for the maintenance and support of the wifo in
such a manner as her position demanded.
The jury, after a short time, returned a verdict for
the defendant.

DESPERATE HIGHWAY ROB-
BERY AND ATTEMPTED MURDER.
HERTFORD, DEC. s.—This morning, one of the most
atrocious and desperate cases of highway robbery, and
attempted murder, was heard at the Shire Hall, in this
town, before Mr. Mills, chairman, and a full bench of
county magistrates. The prisoners were Charles Pearse
and Benjamin Smith, two ferocious looking young men,
who have been in the habit of travelling about the coun-
try under the pretence of selling brushes, but whose chief
occupation has, it is believed, been robbery. The prose-
cutor is a dealer in earthenware, and who has been for
some years past well known in Ilertford, as an honest
and industrious man. The occurrence took place about
a fortnight since, but the prosecutor had not previously
sufficiently recovered from the effects of the wounds be
received on the occasion to appear before the bench.
fie appeared very weak, and was obliged to be accom-
modated with a chair during the inquiry. His head and
face presented a most frightful appearance, being cut in
all directions, and in some pliv.A.s large pieces of flesh
had been entirely beaten away, leaving his scull quite
exposed to view. He said—My name is James Jarvis.
I am a hawker, and am in the habit of travelling to the
different towns in the county with earthenware. On
Saturday, the 21st ult., I was at Welwyn. I was in the
Horse Shoe public-house, I there saw the prisoners. I
cannot say whether I had ever seen them before. After
staying at the Horse Shoe about ten minutes, I left for
Ware. I went into the Checquers at Ware. I had not
been there long before the prisoners came in. I was in
the Checquers about half an hour, I then left for Datch-
worth. I told the prisoners where I was going.
By the Bench—What induced you to tell the pri-
soners where you were going ? Prosecutor—Some
person in the Checquers said, " It is a fine night; where
are you off to, Jarvis?" I replied, " I have sold all my
goods, and I am now going to Datchworth." It was
between four and five o'clock. I then left the house.
When I arrived at Fishwood I felt what I consider two
stones thrown at me. One struck my hat. It was dark,
and I could not see any person., I cried out, "Iloilo,
what are you at?" I did not hear any person speak,
and almost immediately after I received a dreadful blow
on the left side of my head, and before I had time to
speak I received another on the top of my head, which
caused the blood to run out of my ears, eyes, and nose,
and mouth, to such an extent that I was nearly choked.
I then felt that two persons had by some means hot into
my cart from behind. As they still continued t'beating
me, I said, " For God's sake don't murder me ; what do
you want ?" One of the prisoners said, "D— you,
your money or your life." I replied that I had not got
any money. They then threw me down in the bottom
of my cart, and one still continued striking me about the
head, whilst the other was searching my pockets, but
not succeeding in finding my money, one said, "Let's
murder the —, and then we can search him better ;
and the other replied, " So we will ; he's got money,
because he said he had sold all his goods ;" and they
commenced beating
Bty
this h
is aboutti
na the head
ewasin a
nearly
mhoomskte:diunmercifulas
myed
throat filling with blood, and feeling
assured that I should be murdered, if assistance did not
arrive, I therefore by some means managed to jerk
myself out of my cart. The persons followed me, and
finding myself quite overpowered, and completely
saturated with blood, I gave myself up for lost, when
the persons who were assaulting me, hearing some per-
sons coming, ran off.
By the Bench—Did you know the voice of the person
who said, " Your money or your life ?" Prosecutor—
Yes
; I immediately recognised the voice to be Smith's ;
and the party who said " Let us murder him first" was
the prisoner Pearse.
By the Bench—What did they rob yousof ? Prose-
cutor—Twopence, a comb, and a knife.
By the Bench—Was that all the money you had ?
Prosecutor—No; I had between four and five pounds in
one of my pockets, but the prisoners did not search that
pocket.
William Hyde said, on Sunday, the 22d, he found the
stick which he now produced, laying near the spot where
the rubbery took place. There was a great quantity of
bloo
hat.near the spot. Witness also found the lining of a,
man's
offabwoua:
oensttihcek
o(ewehasiciohn,biotrheeienvgideeenvterpedrowofi
tohfhliloaovdin, ganbdeehin
used in bark
was
all
piecead b e
oe
fn
nkfunt o chkaezdeh d
lsiotmerealplyhtedeysedwhtehrreouthgeh
evidentlyfour
ho
en
egn andreeeenigt
lhyt
einntchfreos imntcihercturmee.erence. t a
Other witnesses, who saw the prisoners at the public.
houseryis ;
and on the road, corroborated the evidence of
Jarvis
and the police inspector stated that at the house
of Pearse's mother he found a pair of bloody trousers
and a pair of boots covered with blood, which belonged
to Pearse.
Both prisoners were committed for trial.

LIVERPOOL, SATURDAY.—It 1S rumoured on
'Change that a new Minister will shortly be sent out by
the Government to replace Mr. Ouseley in the River
Plate. There is, we believe, no doubt that Mr. Ouseley
will be recalled.—Times.
It was stated in the House of Commons, last
session, that Sir William Nott, the hero of Candahar,
died in affluent circumstances, and that Lady Nott, his
widow, was consequently well provided for as residuary
legatee under his will. Such, however, was incorrect;
for, since then, the affairs have got into Chancery; and
it appears, upon the oath of Lady Nott, the executrix,
that unless the small freehold property at Carmarthen
should sell at a very advanced price, there will not be
enough, after paying the debts, to pay the legacies to
the daughters; and that Lady Nott, being entitled only
to the residue,
will consequently take nothing under tho
will.—Morning Post.
HARES.—The supply of hares amongst the poul-
terers in the London markets has never been so plenti-
ful, nor the price so cheap, as during the past week.
Those of the finest size and quality were on Saturday
aelling at from 13. 6d. to 2s. each.

amount to more than one-third of a penny for five hun-
dred miles, so that you may have meat nearly as cheap
in London as you have it in Inverness. There is another
great advantage arisinc, from this easy and cheap mode
of transit; which is, that the little country butchers who
purchase lots of cattle and sheep for the consumption of
the town or village in which they may live, always find
among those lots a few that are of too good a quality for
the consumption of their particular distri • ; and if they
are enabled to send them to a great distance to a more
wealthy part of the country, they not only supply those
rich communities with the superior article that they
want, but they can supply it at a cheaper rate; and again,
this enables them to sell the medium and inferior animal
at a lower rate to the consumer in the country; so that
the rich population of towns are benefited, and the poor
of the district where the animals are killed are very
much benefited.
Is there not a demand 'in large towns for picked
joints 2—There frequently is, and I know, from the in-
quiries I made in Yorkshire for the Direct Northern
Railway, that the butchers are contemplating, when that
railroad communication shall be worked out, to send the
surplus of their better joints to the London market,
which will enable them to sell the inferior parts to the
working classes at a lower price.
In short, quick conveyance enables them to dispose of
the whole animal in the best market ?—Yes.

EFFECTS OF RAILWAYS UPON
AGRICULTURE.
The following are extracts from the evidence of James
Smith, Esq , (.if Deanston), given before the Select
Committee of the House of Commons on Railway Acts
Enactments—the minutes of the testimony adduced be-
fore which Committee have just been issued, pursuant to
an order of that House, dated the 25th of August last.
The extracts in question relate to the effects of the fa-
cilities afforded by railway conveyance to agriculture
improvement :
Have you had occasion to consider the facilities afforded
railway conveyance to agricultural imp
rovements s?—
s. I have.
Will you state generally what you consider has been
the result ?—I have observed upon those lines that have
been in existence for some years, over which I have had
occasion to travel, that a very great agricultural im-
provement of the lands in the neighbourhood has been
the result, arising mainly from the cheapness and facility
of transports,- and I have drawn out some tables to illus-
trate that. I have one table taking a farm of 200 acres
and a six-course shift ; the committee are aware that
there are different shifts of rotation, and that some lands
snit best to be cultivated upon one, and some upon the
other. I have taken this farm upon the six-course shift,
which is most suitable for the bulk of the medium land of
Englard and Scotland ; I have supposed that farm to be
in most full cultivation, thoroughly improved, and to be
both arable and pasture. I have taken the quantities
of green and dairy produce and cattle, and every-
thing which I can conceive will be exported from
that farm ; and it amounts to 148 tons. I have
then taken away the imports, consisting of store cattle to
be fed, lime and other matters, such as guano, and the
different chemical manures which are now being intro-
duced ; and also seed, because the shifting of seed in a
good farm is always attended to ; and I have supposed
that this weight shall be transported upon an average 15
miles, which I think is a very low estimate. The quan-
tity imported will be 197 tons ; making altogether, of
imports and exports, 346 tons 14 cwt.
That is all for 15 miles ?—Yes. Then I have taken
the expense of transport by railway at Id. per ton per
mile; on some railways it is considerably higher, and on
some lower, but in the present advanced state of railways
we may fairly assume that to be the general rate.
For the produce transported, and the manure brought
to the land ?—Yes ; taking it upon the average that I
have taken, and also taking the number of persons that
will travel to market, and in various ways, at id. per
mile, the whole amount of cl.arge of carriage for imports
and exports is 401. Bs. 9d. By the old mode of convey-
ance the expense would have been, assuming 6d. per ton
per mile for the goods, which I find to be as low as you
can carry it by the old mode, 1421. 16s. 3d.
That is for the same distance?—Yes.
On what principle do you assume 6d. to have been the
charge by the ordinary roads ?—I speak from my own
experience of thirty years. I have had a great deal to
do with carting, both for agricultural produce and
manufacturing produce, and I have found that I could
never get it done under 6d. a ton in England; it costs
rather more than that.
In giving an account of the produce of a farm, you
deduct fur home consumption?—Yes, I do.
Therefore upon a farm such as you have stated, there
would be a saving of 1021. 7s. 6d.?—Yes. Then taking
that at twenty years' purchase, it will give 2,0471. 10s.;
if you take it at thirty years' purchase, it will amount
to 3,0711. ss.
Have you given the supposed rental of that farm?—
No, I have not; the rental would be about 4001
This expense, then, would be in addition to the rent?
—Yes.
And the same farm which without a railway would be
only worth 4001 would be worth 5001. after a railway
was established ?—Yes; 10s. an acre more.
You have stated the advantage which a particular farm
would have in being able to send its produce to market
by railway, and bringing back manures; will you state
what is the advantage in respect to stock in particular?
—The advantage in respect to stock is very great indeed,
both in bringing lean stock from the district in which it
is reared to the richer district in which it is fed, and also
for the transmission of the cattle, when fed, to the
market for the consumer.
Are you able to show to what extent that works?—l
have some statements here upon that subject; the rate
hitherto charged by railways for the conveyance of stock
is pretty nearly the same per mile as the expense of
driving, and where the great saving occurs is in the
condition of the animals, especially in fat stock ; the
loss from driving them being equal in the case of fat
bullocks on a drive of from 60 to 70 miles to the whole
expense of the transport; it is at least 5 per cent. upon
the value of the bullock.
The advantage as regards the conveyance of the pro-
duce is an advantage of so much per ton?—Yes.
Was not the use of manures imported from abroad
limited to certain distances from the ports ?—Certainly,
either from the ports, or from canal communication.
The introduction of railways enables them to be sent
to much greater distances at the same cost?—Decidedly.
In that way districts which were not able to profit by
those manures are now able to do so?—They are.
In consequence of the introduction of railways, have
not there been manufactories established in different
parts of the country for the manufacture of sulphuric
acid for the use of agriculture?—Yes; there has been a
eery extensive introduction of artificial chemical manures
consequence of the facility of transport, and I have no
doubt that it will very greatly increase.
What manures do you principally allude to?—I allude 1
to Liebig's chemical manures. I have not myself, in my
experience, found any great efficacy in those manures;
but there are other manures which have been found
very efficacious ; there is the urates, prepared from
urine; there is bone dust; there is rape cake, and nitrate
of soda; and there are mixed manures, consisting of seve-
ral ingredients, chemically combined.
Is not the use of sulphuric acid for agricultural pur-
poses considerably increasing?—l think it is; it is very
much used for dissolving bones.
May not railroads be used to carry manures from
towns to a much greater extent than was formerly the
case?—Certainly.
And in that way the waste that now takes place will
hereafter, it may be hoped, be prevented?—To a consi-
derable extent.
Have you considered to what extent railways may be
Made useful for the purpose of mixing soils?—Yes, I
have.
Will you state your opinion upon that subject?—The
transport of earths for mixing soils, if the roalroads
could" carry them to tho immediate ground where they
were to be applied, would be of very great advantage;
but the difficulty of availing yourself of the benefit of
railways for the transport of soils is, that the soil must
be refilled, in most cases, into common carts, and carted
to a considerable distance.
Railways would be useful only in cases where those
earths eould be easily obtained P—Exactly.
Take the transport of sea sand?—Sea sand in Ireland
is carried thirty miles up the country in little carts, and
is found to pay the farmer for the carriage when applied
to clayey and mossy soils.
And therefore if the charge made for the conveyance
of earths was very low, should you think that in that par-
ticular case the calcareous sand from the sea shore might
be carried profitably for considerable distances into the
interior?—l think so; and in many instances where
there are moors and waste land, it would be well worth
the while of the proprietor, having a railway passing
through that district, to construct a tram railway from
the railway on to the moor or waste land.
Is not nitre also, and lime, in certain districts, used,
which might be transported with advantage to great dis-
tances ?—Yes.
You are aware of the improvements which have taken
place in agriculture, by the introduction of those foreign
chemical manures ?—Yes.
Is not the utility of them as stimulants limited to a
short period ?—Bone dust, which is brought very ex-
tensively from the continent of Europe to this country,
is a very permanent manure. Guano is less permanent,
but it has this advantage, that it enables the farmer to
grow an extended breadth of green crop, for the feeding
of cattle and sheep; and if the green crop is grazed, he
is enabled to increase the produce of his farm.
But that requires to be renewed at short periods?—lt
requires to be renewed at shorter periods than bone-
dust, but it has established extra stock manure upon the
farm.
But would altering the earths be a permanent im-
provement of the soil ?—lt would: a great deal of mossy
soil, if you lay on even half an inch, in some cases, of
sand, or more, especially alluvial soil, it will render that
ground productive for many years.
Is it necessary, in order that these manures may be
made extensively useful, that the charges upon railroads
should be very low T—lt is.
You have given a calculation of the benefit to a farm
on the supposition that the rate per ton shall be ld. :
what would the advantages be, supposing the rates were
to be reduced to one half or one quarter ?—There can
be no doubt that a low rate of charge would very greatly
tend to the increased consumption of manures, and to
the transport of earths for agricultural purposes ; that
would give a much increased produce to the land, which
would enable the agriculturist to furnish his commodity
at a lower rate; that again would increase the consump-
tion in large towns; and in manufacturing populations it
would also increase a greater traffic upon the railways,
and enable them still further to reduce their rates ; and
as the heavier articles are more consumed by the work-
ing classes, it would add very much to their comfort ;
and there are great tracts of country which would be
cultivated to much advantage if favoured with railway
communication, which are now allowed to lie compa-
ratively barren.
Looking, therefore, to those results, ought not rail-
roads receiving high profits to be obliged to extend
branches laterally to districts which want of communi-
cation has left in comparative unproductiveness ?—I
think so. It has occurred to me upon this point, that
it would be a great advantage if, by some public autho-
rity the country should be divided as regards railways
into sections, so that there might be systems of railways
established for those different sections, according to their
respective wants. A system so established would be en-
abled to provide branch railways into districts which
could not of themselves afford to pay for a railway; they
would be enabled to do that, because this branch, though
it did not pay in itself, would pay as part of a general
system, in consequence of the additional traffic that it
would bring upon the line.
IteferTlN again to the benefit to agriculture from the
introduction of railways, and consequently, of cheap
conveyance, can you of theadvan_ _ give the committee any particulars
rage ot the transport of the carcases of animals,
as compared with the old system ?—Without a railroad
it is impossible to transport cattle any greater dis-
tance than from 50 to 70 miles, rout very great dete-
rioration, but railroads will :fro: the means of trans-
porting those cattle 300 or 400
may
e 4 rtedeat7aodo
vantage, and in carcases they
at
t from the
miles; and in that way meat may
most distant parts to populous districts
additional expense, which, with the expense for
trans-
porting either beef er mottos in the carcass, does not

By the former mode of conveyance there was no pos •
sibility of carrying killed meat any great distances ?
It was quite impossible. There is another great advan-
tage in killing the animal in the country districts ; the
offal or inward parts of the animal are available to the
working classes of the district, and there is an immense
quantity available for manure, which when brought to
those large towns is a nuisance ; in the country it is
of great value.
Have you anything to add in explanation upon the
points upon which you have row been examined ?
I have several tables to give in illustrating the different
points upon which I have been examined. I have no
doubt that railroads will do more for communicating
intelligence amongst the general community than even
the press has done, inasmuch as seeing a thing is much
more than hearing of a thing, and there will be much
greater progress made in the diffusion of improvement
by railroads tha❑ by any other means.

TRANSFER OF LICENCES.
ST. ANNE'S, WESTMINSTER.
At a special session for the district of Soho, held on
Saturday (present, James Whiskin, Esq., Chairman, and
Thomas Russell, Esq.), the following transfers of licenses
took place:—Dean-street, Suho: Green Man and French
Horn, from Edward Stone to Charles Cutting—Greek-
street: George and Dragon, from Mary Anne Page to
J Imes Norton—Hayes-court: Geneva Arms, from Robert
Tibbatt to Walter Wightman—Little Compton-street:
Coach and Horses, from Robert Seaton to George Sandy
—Lisle-street: Prince of Wales, from Louisa Meunier
to Henry Bingham—Macclesfield-street : Horse and
Dolphin, from David Moyniham to Isaac Pye—Moor-
street: Three Tuns, from Robert Willey to Thomas Nar-
riott—Princes-street: Falcon, from John Brook Haynes
to James Frederick Tindall.
The above were the whole of the applications made for
transfers, and none of the cases called tor any special re-
mark from the magistrates, further than the requirement
on the part of the authorities that the parties above en-
trusted with licences should conduct their houses in strict
accordance with the provisions of the law.
The magistrates then separated, there being no further
business to transact on behalf of the parish.
FINSBURY DISTRICT.
On Saturday, a special session was holden at the
Session House, Clerkeawell, before Messrs. Wilkes and
Warner, the magistrates for several purposes, when the
following public-house property changed hands:—
The Welsh Harp, in Aylesbury-street, from Alfred
Poole to John Attley ; Apple Tree, Dorrington-street,
from William Henry Young to William Brown ; the
Bull's Head, Peter-street, from Mary Martin to Thomas
Williams ; the Cart and Horses, Turnmill-street, from
Henry Cross to Charles Leverge ; the Gun, St. John-
street, from Thomas Shirley to John Sawyer ; White
Hart, Myddleton-street, from Isaac Jeans to John
Howdy ; Horse and groom, Turnmill street, from John
Bower to Daniel Newman ; Lamb and Flag, Clerken-
well-green, from Edward Thomas Phinn to John
Bradley ; Hemingford Arms, Hemingford road, from
William Harris to Reuben James Huntley ; Nightingale,
Hornsey-road, from Joseph Archdeacon to Richard
Allen ; Oxford Arms, Oxford-street, New North-road,
from William Moody to John Thornett ; the Dolphin,
Old-street, from James Walker Ready to John Henry
Spear ; the Red Lion, City-road, from Thomas Henry
Brown to Sarah Smith.
STRAND UNION.
On Saturday the following transfers of licences took
place at the Strand Petty Sessions, before Messrs. Graham
(Chairman), and George Cowdray :
Bull's Head, Vere-street, Clare-market, from Mr. G.
Davis to Mr. Michael Alengan ; Castle, Portugal-street,
from Mr. Wm. Ford to Mrs. Mary Field ; Crown and
Still, Clare-street, from Mr. James Almeroth to Mr.
Thomas Hetherington ; Fountain, Clare street, from
Mr. Wm. Dousbery to Mr. Henry Eluses ; Grapes, No.
109, Drury- lane, from Mr. Win. Neat to Mr. Daniel Cold-
man, late of the Cloudesley Arms, Cloudesley-terrace,
Islington ; Pavilion, Newcastle-street, from Mr. Fred.
Newhouse to Mr. G. Baldwin • Old George, Stanhope-
street, Clare-market, from Mr. John Hooper Staines to
Mr. Win. Bradley ; Nag's Head, James-street, Covent-
garden to Mrs. Elizabeth Baker, administratrix to oer
late husband ; Bell, Exeter-street, Strand, from Mr. E.
Rine to Mr. W. Evans ; Red Lion, Houghton-street,
Clare-market; the late proprietor, Mr. W. Meades, not
being present, in consequence (f being in the debtors'
prison, Whitecross-street, the Chairman objected to
grant the transfer, stating that it was a principle he al-
ways adopted, and which was always followed out at
other sessions, not to grant a transfer in the absence of
the individual who was about to part with his house, as
the Bench must always be satisfied as to the facts of the
case. Inspector Cogan observed that the police magis-
trates always had similar objections. Licence refused.
NOVEL APPLICATION.--,lr. Moseley, vestry clerk of
the parish of St, Paul, Covent-garden, attended on be-
half of aeveral licensed victuallers carrying on business
in Bow-street and its vicinity, soliciting the interference
of the Bench to prevent Mr. Humphreys, proprietor of
' an hotel opposite the Grapes, Bow-street, from publicly
selling gin and spirits. He stated that the former land-
lord, Mr. Jackson, who had parted with the house and
interest of the business to Mr. Humphreys, when he ob-
tained his licence, pledged his word that he would only
sell gin and other spirits to persons who were in the
habit of dining and lodging at his house. He (Mr.
• Moseley) was informed that in the alterations which
were now in progress it was intended to construct the
premises so as to be able to sell to out-door customers.
The CHAIRMAN remarked, that a pledge entered into
by the former proprietor was not binding on the present
occupier.
Mr. Roach, transferring 'clerk, said that Mr. Hum-
phrey formerly conducted La Ville de Paris Hotel, in
the Haymarket, and carried on the business of a well-
' known house in Brydges-street, Covent-garden.
The CHAIRMAN stated that the case was out of the
jurisdiction of the Bench, and that when a renewal of the
application for the licence was made at the granting of
licences; the attention of the Bench might be called to
it. If Mr. Humphreys persisted he must abide by the
consequences.

HIGHWAYS AND RAILWAYS.
In the very interesting report on " Railway Acts
Enactments," some useful information is given respect.
ing Highways and Railways, which has a direct bearing
at the present time. The report states, "the roads of a
country, from the very nature of things, are public con-
cerns ; they are as necessary to a people as the air they
breathe. The very nature of society implies that men
should have access to each other for the supply of their
respective wants, whether they live in towns or are scat-
tered over the face of a country ; and the common sense
of mankind tells them that the roads and streets should
be free from obstruction. In this country, from the re-
motest times, the title of the Sovereign as representing
the nation, to the control of its roads has always been
allowed. The designation of King's Highways,' by
which the public roads were known, sufficiently indicates
the right which the Crown possessed and exercised over
them. The practice of intrusting to associations locally in-
terested, the making and repairing of roads, with the
power of levying tolls to repay the outlay required for
that purpose, which first became general towards the
middle of the last century, amounted merely to a delega-
tion for a time by the Legislature, on certain conditions,
of a portion of the powers of Government to meet a
public exigency, but never to a permanent transfer of
them. The public has always possessed the right to
control the trustees, and to withdraw from them the
management of the highways included in their trusts,
and there are repeated instances in our own time, of the
exercise of this right." Further on in the Report, the
Committee declare, " But of all the means of communi-
cation between different parts of a country, that by rail-
ways is by far the most important. If it be necessary
for the public welfare that a country should never divest
itself in perpetuity of its right of property in its ordinary
highways, it is still more important that it should not part
with the right to control its railways; on an ordinary road
there could have been no monopoly of the means of con-
veyance; a man might travelby it at all hours, and in any
manner he pleased; but on a railway he can only
travel at such time, and under such arrangements, as
those who are intrusted with its direction may choose
to adopt. If one coach on a road charged too much,
travelled at too slow or too quick a rate, or failed in one
respect to give satisfaction, another might have been
started ; but on railways there is no option ; the pas-
senger must either submit to the regulations fixed by
its directors, or abstain from using It has now been
ascertained that the hope of relief from the objection-
able course pursued on one railroad, by having recourse
to a competing line, must in a great measure be aban-
doned. It is confidently stated by nearly all the wit-
nesses examined by your Committee that the public can-
not count on being relieved by competition from the con-
sequences of an abusive exercise of the power on the
part of railway companies. From the very nature of
things, therefore, a railway company exercises a com-
plete monopoly ; but a monopoly subject:to no responsi-
bility, and under no efficient check or control, is neces-
sarily an intolerable abuse, and it can only be rendered
innoxious by subjecting it to a rigorous control and
supervision."

CHERTSEY.—EXTRAORDINARY CASE.—Mr. John
Smith, farmer of New Haw, in the parish of Chertsey,
was brought up on Wednesday week last, before J. I.
Briscoe, Esq., chairman ; the Hon. G. J. Cavendish,
Captain Prescott, and R. W. Edgell, Esq., charged
with having on the 29th ult., followed and taken game
with a dog and gun, he not having a game certificate,
and for a like offence on the 31st. Mr. Binns, of Essex-
street, Strand, attended on his behalf, and the case
created a very great interest, the room being crowded.
Henry Baker deposed that he was assistant gamekeeper
to Messrs. Summer and Sparkes, and that on the day
named he saw the defendant in his turnip field, near
New Haw ; he had a dog and gun with him, and was
beating down the field. I saw the dog point, and
almost immediately afterwards heard a gun fired, and
heard the defendant say " Dead !" He saw a partridge.
He also saw Mr. smith load his gun, and pick something
up, which he put into his pocket ; he could not see what
it was. Defendant then went away. Could not say the
exact distance he was from Mr. Smith ; it might have
been forty, fifty, sixty, or one hundred yards. Ridger
was then called—Knew Mr. Smith ; recollected the 29th
October. On Saturday he was at work on part
of the plantation, when Baker came to him
about half-past four, and asked him if he had
heard a gun go off at that time ? He replied in the
negative. Baker then said, "Do you see them men
yonder?" He replied " yes, and that they appeared to be
at work." He asked him if he could see if one was
Smith? He said he could not. Baker then said he saw
Smith shoot on Thursday, and asked him if he could
swear one of the men (pointing to the direction of Mr.
Smith's house) was the defendant? He said he could not.
He asked him why he could not swear it was him on
Thursday? and the reply was that he was too far off to
speak positively. He then said if he would go and swear
he was eighty yards off, the magistrates would not know
any difference. It was quite a mist all the 29th, and he
was at work near the plantation, but did not hear any
shooting the whole of the day. He was unable to see more
than eighty yards. Mr. Binns having again addressed the
Court. the Bench, after a short consultation disrnissad the
case. Thesecond case was then proceeded with. Baker was
again sworn, and stated most positively that on the day
in question, he saw the defendant in the plantation at
the rear of his dog ; that he fired at a hare, being at that
time not more than twelve yards from him ; and that
both dog and hare passed within five yards of him. The
dog was a light-coloured pointer ; the defendant and
himself saw each other, but they did not speak.--James
Moss swore positively that his master, the defendant, was
not absent from his sight three minutes during the whole
of the day.—Ridger was again called, and swore that he
was working near the spot, and that he heard no firing
on the 31st. The case was dismissed, the magistrates
being equally divided in their opinion.—Bucks Gazette.
Not one railway plan has been deposited this year
with the clerk of the peace for Newark, and only eight
for the county. Laat year there were between thirty
'and forty.

THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENTNG, DECEMBER 'f, 1144

POLICE INTELLIGENCE.
MANS 1 ON-HO US E.
A foreigner, named Hendershon, was brought before
the Lord Mayor, on Saturday, charged with the follow-
ing burglary and robbery. The. prisoner is one of those
fellows who are in the habit of standing shivering in the
streets, half-naked, in the coldest weather.
Mr. Leach, son to the proprietor of the house No. 5,
Great Tower-street, watch and clock-maker, stated that
on Friday evening the window of the shop was broken
with a stone seven or eight pounds in weight by the
prisoner, who then thrust his hands into the shop and
tookjout a case containing between thirty and forty pounds
worth of seals, rings, and other jewellery. If it bad not
been for the sash and other impediments, the stone would
in all probability have struck him, as, no doubt, was
intended, for the purpose of preventing him from
running after the thief. He, however, escaped injury,
and jumping over the counter, ran out of the shop,
called " Stop thief," and succeeded in getting hold of
the prisoner, who had been just received into the arms
of a policeman, and upon whose person some of the
stolen property was found. The prisoner's hands were
cut with the glass. He had thurst both his hands in to
grasp the tray of jewellery. The tray was thrown upon
the pavement, and several of the neighbours picked
up the greater part of the goods, and restored them to
the owner.
Mr. Leach, the prosecutor, stated that the prisoner
had some time ago broken a pane of glass in his shop,
and stolen four gold watches of the value of upwards of
60/., and the Recorder had sentenced him to twelve
months' imprisonment. The punishment at that time
was considered exceedingly disproportioned to the
offence, and not at all calculated to deter ruffians from the
commission of similar depredations, and the complainant
addressed the Court upon the subject. He appre-
hended now that the lightness of the punishment at
that time had probably led to the commission of the pre-
sent offence.
The prisoner was committed for trial.
CLE I?K.ENIVE L L.
A CHANDLER SHOPRF.EPER FINED FOR SELLING
BEER ON SUNDAY.—John I'iii/poi, a chandler shopkeeper,
residing in Islington, was summoned by the police for
having sold table beer on Sunday morning before the
hour of one o'clock.
An attorney, who attended for the defendant, con-
tended that selling small beer did not come within the
meaning of the Act of Parliament, 2 and 3 Vic., cap. 47,
which prohibited the sale of wine, spirits, beer, or other
fermented liquors on Sundays before one o'clock, and
that small beer was no more a fermented liquor than
ginger beer.
Mr. COMAE said the question had often been decided,
and no one could doubt that small beer was a fermented
liquor within the meaning of the Act.
The defendant was fined 20s. and costs.
LAMBETH.
CONVICTION 01 A POLICEMAN,—Mr. Norton investi-
gated a charge against Thomas Redone, 251 P, and
James Dobbin, 175 M, metropolitan police.
It appeared that on Thursday afternoon two men,
named Shepheard and Adams, employed by a person
named Harrington, a running dustman, were caught
by a person in the employ of Mr. Davis a dust con-
tractor, removing some dust from a house in Camber-
well parish, who called constable Redone to take them
into custody, but the constable made light of it, and
walked away. Mr. Davis's servant, however, contrived
to stop them, when they assaulted him violently with a
thick stick. Redone, hearing the cry of " Police!" re-
turned to the spot, when Mr. Davis's man showed him
his hand, which was bleeding, and told him that he had
been struck several blows on his head, and further
saw him struck by Harrington, the master of
the two men. He let them go, after keeping
them in custody for a short time. The complaint against
constable Dobbin was that Shepheard and Adams boasted
that he would not have interrupted them, as he was well
acquainted with Harrington, their master, with whom he
was subsequently seen to come out of a beer-shop, and
when questioned on the subject by Inspector Campbell,
he first denied it, but afterwards said he went in for a
pint of beer. After a lengthened investigation, Shep-
heard and Adams were fined 30s. each, or a month's im-
prisonment, Adams in a further sum of Si. or two
months' imprisonment for the assault on Mr. Davis's
man ; Harrington, the master, in 51., or two months' im-
prisonment, fur a like assault ; and Mr. Norton said, with
respect to the constables, he was of opinion that the com-
plaint against Dobbin amounted merely to an error in
judgment, in not having taken the parties into custody,
when desired to do so, and the accusation of having
drunk at the beer-shop with Harrington was not proved,
though he must say it was a suspicious circumstance.
The charge against the other constable, he was sorry
to say, was very different. His conduct in the first in-
stance in laughing at the wan who wished him to take
the dustmen into custody was highly improper, and his
leaving the man struggling with the two men and walk-
ing off was equally improper, and his not keeping the
parties in custody after the man had shown the wound
upon his hand, and told him that he had been struck
several times on the head, was conduct that could not be
tolerated. It was most distressing to him to be obliged
to convict a man who had been in the police force for
upwards of fifteen years ; but his duty demanded it. If
conduct like his was tolerated there would be no safety
for the public. The law enabled him to impose a
penalty of 101. ; but under the circumstances he would
mitigate it to one half, and the constable must therefore
pay a penalty of 51., or one month's imprisonment.

NAVAL INTELLIGENCE.

TIIE LATE LIEUTENANT W. P. GREEN.

PORTSMOUTH, SUNDAY.—We hasten, at the earliest
possible period after becoming acquainted with the real
circumstances of the case, to repair an injury which we
may have inflicted upon en institution which has proved
itself' worthy of its title.
Commander Dickson, secretary of the Royal Naval
Benevolent Society, did, immediately on the receipt of
Mrs. Green's application, forward, per return of post, 51.
to relieve present distresses, with a printed form, pro-
mising further assistarce. This prompt and really bene-
volent donation fully exculpates both the institution and
its secretary from the charge of neglect. We have much
pleasure in further adding that Captain Dickson has in-
terested himself, in conjunction with Sir John Richard-
son, M.D., medical inspector of the Royal Hospital,
Haslar, in the endeavour to get the eldest daughter into
a lunatic asylum, of which receptacle, we are sorry to
say, she is too tit a candidate, grief having been the chief
cause of the loss of her reason.
We are happy to announce that subscriptions are
coming in quickly, and that in a few days a list of
donors will be fully advertised. In the meantime all
subscriptions are requested to be forwarded to Captain
or Mrs. Pasco, of the Victory ; Mr. Lowes, surgeon,
Cold Harbour, Gosport ; or to our correspondent, 53,
High street, Portsmouth.
We are requested to state, respecting the grounding
of the Avenger steam frigate on her passage hence to
Plymouth in charge of a navigating party from the
St. Vincent, that the course steered was S. W., and
not S.E.
The Sparrow surveying ketch, Commander Otter, ar-
rived on Friday night from the coast of Scotland to refit
and lay up for the winter months. She was towed into
harbour yesterday.
The Mercury tender, Second Master Scarlett, re-
turned yesterday morning from Plymouth with Lieute-
nant Moorsom and the remaining portion of the crew of
the St. Vincent, which was employed in navigating the
Avenger to that port. She sailed again last night for
the eastern ports with supernumeraries.
The Apollo troop ship, Commander Radcliffe, is or-
dered to Sheerness, but whether to be paid off or refit
for further service is not ordered.
The Rochester navy lighter sailed yesterday with
stores for Devonport.
The Inconstant, 36, Captain Fremantle, was at Bey-
rout on the 16th ult., expecting to be ordered home im-
mediately.
The liaphne, 18, Captain Onslow, sailed from Valpa-
raiso on the 29th of August for Rio and England, re-
ported with freight.
The Haz ird, 18, Commander Egerton, sailed from
Singapore for Hong-Kong on the 7th of October to
meet the Admiral. She is ordered home forthwith.
The Lily, 16, Commander Newton, is on her way
home (as stated by us some time since) from the coast
of Africa. On her arrival two or three courts-martial
will be held on the officers on board her in reference to
conduct complained of by them as having been practised
on board the sloop.

The Mutine, Iz, Commander Tryon, went out of har-
bour yesterday' to Spithead, and took in her ammunition.
She is bound to the River Plate with dispatches for the
Commander-in-Chief.

RAILWAY SHARE MARKETS.
LIVERPOOL, DECEMBER 5.
STOCK EXCHANGE.-The sales are-Ambergate arid
Eastern Junction, 14 p.-Birkenhead, Lancashire, and
Cheshire Junction, 1% p.-Birmingham and Dudley, 6 p.-
Birmingham and Oxford Junction, 7% p.-East Lanca-
shire, New (No. 1 and 2), 33/4 p.-East Lincolnshire, 14
p.-Edinburgh and Northern, 31,42 p.-Glasgow and Dum-
fries, Is. 3d. dis.-Great Grimsby and Sheffield, 3% dis.-
Ditto, Quarters, % dis.-Great Northern (late Direct
Northern), 3/4 dis. cum int.-Huddersfield Canal and Rail-
way, 4s p.-Ditto, Extension, 114 p.-Leeds and Thirsk, 11,y
dis.-Liverpool, Manchester, and Newcastle Junction, par-
London and North-Western, 194-Ditto, New, 134 p.-
London and South-Western, 631 A, ex. n.-Manchester and
Leeds Fifths, 6 p.-Ditto, Extension, 1% p.-Ditto, Six-
teenths, 8%-Ditto (late Manchester, Bolton, and Jury),
Fifths, p.-Midland, 127-Ditto, New, 44 p.-North
Staffordshire, 33/4 p.- North Union (A), 223-Ditto (B),
154-North-Western, 11s. 3d. p.-Sheffield, Rotherham, and
Goole, 21s. 3d. p.-Shrewsbury and Hereford, 1% dis.-
Shrewsbury and Chester, New, 3s. 9d. dis.-Shrewsbury and
Birmingham (A), 214 p.-Ditto, 9/. 12s. 3d. Shares (B),
' 3s. 9d. p.-South-Eastern and Dover, 381-Wharfdale
(late North-Eastern), Us. 3d. dis.-West Riding Union, 1%
p.-York and Newcastle, Preference, 5% p.-York and
North Midland, Preference, 9% p.-Newry and Warrenpoint,
3 p.-Dutch Rhenish, % dis.
MANCHESTER, DECEMBER -5.
STOCK EXCHANGE.-The sales are-Ambergate, Notting-
ham, and Boston, % p.-Birmingham and Oxford Junc-
tion, 7 p.-Blackburn Clitheroe, &c., 1% dis.-East Lincoln-
shire, 1 p.-Great Grimsby and Sheffield Junction, 4. dis.-
Huddersfield and Manchester Railway and Canal, 41% p.-
Ditto, Thirds, 1% p.-Leeds, Dewsbury, and Manchester,
1114 p. c. n.-Liverpool, Manchester, and Newcastle Junc-
tion, % dis.-London, Manchester, and Birmingham (B),
7% p.-Manchester and Leeds Extension, 1!.4 p.-North
Staffordshire, 3% p.-Shrewsbury and Birmingham (A)„
2% p.-West Riding Union, 1% p.
LEEDS, DECEMBER 5.
STOCK EXCHANGE.-The improved appearances noted in
my last week's circular continued to be well supported until
yesterday, when a little slackness was observable, and the
market is again not quite so firm this morning. Manchester
and Leeds Stock and Midlands are both considerably higher
than at the corresponding period of last week. North-
Westerns, Great Westerns, and South-Westerns, are also
better. Among local stocks, Leeds, Wakefield, and Mid-
lands, and Mahon and Driffields, are higher and in demand.
Dewsburys are firm, but Huddersfield and Manchesters are
not so good, as the terms of the agreement between that
company and the London and North-Western are not consi-
dered proportionately equal to those obtained by the Dews-
burys. The difference in the bargain is chiefly relative to
the proposed branches which have to be given up to the
North-Western Company by the Huddersfield and Man-
chester, while the Dewsbury proprietors retain theirs. The
sales are-Birmingham and Oxford Junction, 7% p.-East
Lancashire, 4% p.-Ditto, New Shares, 43/4 p.-Ditto, New
Scrip, 13/4 p.-East Lincolnshire, 11/2 p.-Leeds and Dews-
bury, 11% n. p.-Ditto, Branches (blue), 7 p.-Ditto, Ex-
tensions (green), 28s. 6d. p.-Leeds and Thirsk, 1 dis.-
Ditto, New, ss. p.-Ditto, Preference, 245. p.-North British,
Thirds, 21 p.-Ditto, Quarter Shares (late Carlisle Branch),
435. p.-North Staffordshire, 33/4 p.-North-Western, 10s. n.
p.-Sheffield, Rotherham, and Goole, 19s. p.-Shrewsbury
and Birmingham, 214 p.-Ambergate, Nottingham, and
Boston, ss. p.-Leeds, Wakefield, and Midland, Bs. 6d. dis.
new scrip-West Riding Union, 4/.
HULL, DECEMBER 5.
STocx EXCHANGE.-But a limited amount of business
has been transacted to-day, and North Staffords and York
and North Midland Preference shares have declined slightly.
Our other quotations remain unaltered. The sales are-North
British, New Quarters, scrip, 19s. 9d. p.-York and North
Midland, Preference, 9% p.-East Lincolnshire, 19s. p. -
North .Western, 10s. 6d. p.- Shropshire Union, Is. dis. -
Sheffield, Rotherham, and Goole, 17s. p.
SHEFFIELD, DECEMBER 5.
STOCK EXCHANGE.-The sales are-Ambergate, Notting-
ham, and Boston, 4s. p.-Birmingham and Oxford, 714 p.-
East Lincolnshire, 1 p.-Great Grimsby and Sheffield, 33/4
dis.-Ditto, Extension, 275. 6d. dis.-Leeds and Dewsbury,
11% p.-North-Western, 10s. c. p.-Sheffield, Rotherham
and Goole, 10s. 6d. p.
NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE, DECEMBER 5.
STOCK EXCHANGE.-The sales are-Leeds and Thirsk,
New 1% IN-Liverpool, Manchester, and Newcastle Junction,
%:dis.-London and Blackwall, s. 6d. p -Newcastle and
Berwick:(North Shields), 12% p.-North British, 114 p.-
Ditto, Thirds, 51s. 6d. p.-Ditto, Quarters, 465. 6d. p.-York
and North Midland, Preference, 10 p.
YORK, DECEMBER 5.
STOCK EXCHANGE.-The sales are-East Lincolnshire,
24-Leicester and Bedford, 165.-London and York, 24-
Mahon and Driffield Junction, 3/. 4s. 6d.-North British,
Thirds, 3/. 1 Is.-North-WeAern, 3/. Os. 6d.-Sheffield, Ro-
therham, &c., 31. I ls.-West Riding Union, 4/. 25.-York
and Newcastle, Preference, 7-York and North Midland, Pre
ference, 113/4.