The Sun.
London, England, 1846-06-22 00:00:00

'GENERAL ROSAS.

As anything tending to throw liOlt-upon the charac-
ter of this exrraordinar3-'person must necessarily be of
interest et the pres.-nt time, we make no apology for in-
serting the following cerrespcndence
BRENT, JUN., TO MISS ROUE)._

" Buenos Ayres, February 1, 1846.
" My dear Menne herewith send a letter for
your lather. This letter has been my occupation on
many Sabbaths ; and I have not visited the house of
God on those days. But I feel and know that I have
been employed in the vvc.rk of our Lord and Master.
May God bless this my work.
" I have kept no copy of it ; I have not time. I ask
of you, dear Manuelita, to make me a copy of it, in your
own hand-writimr, it you have time. What a pleasure
it would be to me to preserve this letter to your father
in the haud-writing; of Manuelita. But I know how
much you are occupied, and I know full well the aid you
give to your father, while he is so seriously engaged in
affairs of state. If you sheuld not have time, ask your
father to have a copy made for me. May God bless you,
and pour down upon you his choicest blessings, is the
Indent prayer of truly your affectionate friend,
" NV. BRENT, jun.
" To Miss Manuel:), de Roses y Excurra."
ikirss BOSAR TO MR. W. BRENT, JUN.
" La Encatnacion en Palermo de San Benito,
February 11, 1846.
"My very esteemed Sir,—l have had great pleasure in
ariii•r ring to papa the esteemed letter you sent to sne for
him. It contains luminous and benificetit principles of
:reth and virtue ; and a just and gracious God will bless
this your work of charity and of love for the liberty and
happiness of the Americans.
Papa esteems it as an affectionate and noble testi-
mony r f the interest you take in the welfare of the Ar-
gentine Confederation, and of the fervour with which
you profess tee religious and patriotic princples which
elevate and honour the United States, your happy
country. He replies to you to-day also, with peculiar
heartfelt satisfaction. _

" As regargls myself, I have perused with tenderness
and emotion your important letter, which raises the
mind towards our Lord God, the Supreme Author of all
001 and of all happiness, and places under the auspices
of his omnipotence the destinies of Iny country and of

America.
" Agreeably to your wishes, which I regard as n fresh
t..l:en of affection and distinction, I forward to you for
the present a copy, authenticated by me,
of your beauti-
ful and interesting production, reserving to myself for
wore tranquil times, when papa s.ucceEds in obtaining
the repose of private life which he long t ince so ardently
d. sires, to send you a copy in my own hand writing of
your abovementioncd letter. The day when I can ac-
conaplish it will be a happy one for me.
" Meanwhile I fifer to you the expression of my ac-
knowledgment., and of the clistingu,shed consideration
with which I am your very aff!ctionate and obedient
servant,
MANUELLA ROSAS Y EXCURRA..

" Mr. William Brent, jun., Charg4 d'Affaires
of the United States."
The letter from Mr. Brent to General Roses, alluded
to in the preceding, is too lengthy for ins.-rtion in our
columns, nor is it necessary for our object, which is
simply to illustrate the character of one of the principal
actors in the affairs of the River Plate. It is sufficient
to ray that the object of the letter is to show the efficacy
of public prayer and fasting in producing national de-
liverances, which doctrine the writ' r supports by various
quotations from Scripture, and instances drawn from the
experience of tho United States; and to recommend the
setting apart of a day for that purpose in Buenos Ayres,
which he does in the following words:—
" I ask, then, Sir, from you, as the head of this nation,
that places so much confidence in your Excellency, that
you will recommend a day to be set apart for humilia-
tion and prayer, to be observed by all who shall be thus
ieligionsly inclined ; in order that they may offer, at
one and the same time, their united vows and adorn-
rions to Almighty God, on the solemn occasion pro-
duced by the war, in which he has been pleased to
permit the injustice of two foreign nations to involve
the nations living on La Plata.
" In this, my friend, as on all occasions, let us obey
the command of him, who says, Psalms, xxxvii. 5,
' Commit thy way unto the Lord ; trust also in him ;
and he shall bring it to pass.'
" But let all this procedure be done in charity. By
excess of power the angels fell ; by excess of know •
!edge man lost his high estate. But of charity there is
no excess. Nor angel n.ir man ever came into peril by
charity. " Your friend,
" W. BRENT, jun.

" Buenos Ayres, Dec. 14, 1845." „
The reply of General Rosas is as follows :
GENERAL ROSAS TO MR. W. BRENT, JUN.
"La Encarnacion en Palermo de
San Benito, Feb. 11, 1846.
" My esteemed Friend,—The letter you hate aderessed
to me has produced a lively impression in my mind. from
the affectionate terms in which it is conceived, and the
benevolent design it has in view, as well as from the
grateful recollections it awakens, inasmuch as it asso-
ciates reflection upon the decrees of our being with the
most profound interest for the welfare of my country
Ind of the American cause.
" Our Lord God who has created the world by his
Divine word and Omnipotence, has given to nations
rights and liberty. His adorable providence graciously
wateheth in order that the injustice of the strong shall
not prevail over the reason of the weak, nor disturb the
hartnoni us concert which his infinite wisdom has es-
tablished from the beginning of time.
" The origin of all truth, and the source of happiness
for the human race, is to be found in Divine revelation.
The political and physical history of the world is a sue:
cessive and constant corroboration of the truth of the
Sacred SJriptures, which is handed down from age to
age. Political and moral philosophy would be led away
into conritsion, without the ineffsble light of faith and
he fervour of Christian charity.
"You have sought in this unerring guide appropriate
considerations and salutary precepts in order to arrive at
a result worthy of a people venerating religion and loving
liberty and independence, who struggle with faith and
courage to preserve that great blessing of Providence,
without which they cannot live or prosper among the

nations of the earth.
" I recall with pleasure and satisfaction our deli.slitfit
interview on the night of the 17th of June; and, con
sidering the profound interest with which you roger(
American affairs. affected by an unparalleled event in
these republics of La Plata. I conceive all the intensity
with which you meditated upon these subjects, raising
your spirit towards God.
" Fruit of this intellectual concentration—origin of
the truth which is formed in us by the ineffable goodness
of God—ire the important reflections you present to
me, and which, with the most profound gratitude, I in
the highest degree esteem.
" Fully concurring in your ideas, in which I find per-
fect harmony with my own and with the sentiments of
my heart, I have the gratification to state to you that
-he governments and people of the Argentine Confede-
ration have always addressed, and do not cease to offer
up their humble and Christian supplications and prayers,
hat the Lord our God may vouchsafe, in his infinite
goodness, to continue t- e visible protection he extends to
them in the just struggle they maintain for their liberty
and independence. Agroeably to a regulation and con
vtant practice, during the period of my administration.
the ministers of the altar in the holy saxifice and in their
prayers invariably invoke the protection of the Most
High in favour of the republic. In their sermons and
uious exhortations they implore with a glowing love of
country the continuance of the blessings of God towards
a people who combat against the slavery and desolation
with which they are threatened by the foreigner and the
impious and cruel faction of ruthless Unitarians, who
have lsareed nothing nor forgotten anything in the re-
oeated discomfitures with which Divine Providence has
chastised their impiety,
their treachery, and their
cruelties. The peoi.le in the Christian exercises, in the
novenas, rogations, and processions, which are frequently
oracti.ed, with all the splery our of divine worship, hat
plore with faith and hope the protection of the Almighty.
Co this constancy in praying to and blessing the Lord
God, I ascribe, and have always ascribed, both the
victories which have crowned the national arms and the
simirable fortitude of the country in resisting the
strongest attacks of the foreigner.
" On different memorable occasions of national glory
the Government has Consecrated the trophies to the
author of every triumph, and directed religious demon-
strations to be trade in order to sslemnise the great
events of the country. In our annals you will find a
series of documents to this purport, with which your
religi' us and enlight lied mind will sympathise.
" And, indeed, sir, in these times of difficulties and
,rials, with which the infinitely just God has been
olcased to test our fidelity to the oath of independence
which we have taken before his altars, and on tbes_book
of truth and swhation. much cloth it behove the in-
habitants of the republic humbly to offer up to Heaven
the fervint tribute of their thanksgig, inasmuch as it
hem • plenclid and I.lustrious victories,
fa tthoful per-everance and firmness of will and
pres ,its he Confederation inaccessible to
andhaca action
granted aawtti
ht h
the ferocious treacheries which have been the scourge
of other countties—stet ng from the expression of the
public v,ice and the justme of its cause—and possessed
of claims on the ss ineathies of America and of the
triends of freedom in both hemispheres.
" In moments of public consternation in other coun-
tries the goodness of Divine Providence has been made
visible, at the humble and faithful prayers of the
.4flieted ; and I deeply venerate the examples you re-
call, and which are ,o much connected with the glori-
ous deeds of the United States. Those signal blessings
of God speak to the understauding, and to the heart,
and will stimulate the lively and incessant religious
fervour of the country, and of the ministers of the Lord,
to eontieue their prayers and supplications in the esta-
blished form, grateful in the eyes of the Most High,
Bo tribute to him
and not to cease to bless him,
hilinhle thanksgiving for the state of things superior to
tl,e difficulties, glosious, full of vigour, and of the future
promise.
f et, blessings of God are the strength and con-
centration of wills for a patriotic and just purpose and
duty, the wisdom displayed in the councils of the con-
fe,'crate governments, the subordination arid glory of
the national armies, the fidelity and energy of the
people, and the favourable circumstances of a land which,
although invaded and beleaguered by powerful enemies,
po sesses in its position efficient elements of glorious
resistance, and in the fertility and abundance of its soil
sufficient reseurees to relieve it from all apprehension of
ex.r,me calamities.
" Yes: humble and faithful prayer, agreeable to the
high designs and precepts of God, is certainly most ex-
cellent in the history of civil and religious institutions;
and there is nothing more becoming
Christian people,
and in consonance with revealed truths, • than gratitude
for the blessing receiyed-s-thani-set• the received—thanksgiving to tsupreme
author of all good.
‘t in these feats and reflections you will Find that the
ritlVer and supplication which you love and piously

,
venerate,. are practised throughout the republic, both in'
its capitals and in the towns of its vast rural disfticts, in
the military encampments as well as in the posts and
forts situated on the frontiers of the desert ; and that
the present occasion is a very appropriate one for the
humble gratitude of the country for the infinite bles-
sings with which the Almighty God favours it, to be
continued to be ardently expressed with faith and hope
in the success of its just defence, in the midst of which
it preserves its energy and its honour unsullied, re-
ligiously fulfilling tho oath of national independence de-
clared on the 9th July, 1816, before God and the uni-
verse, in the meritorious city of San Miguel del Tucu-
man. Its illustrious founders are, like the great Madi-
son, among the mighty dead ; only one, but a very dis-
tinguished one, of those venerable patriots, is still living;
but the spirit of all animates and guides the Argentines.
This is a blessing, a work of the Providence of God,
wherein is discovered the perfect adorable image of the
merciful Father of the Peoplo.

" And here I think the canticle cf our rogations is
applicable, Thou shalt go out with pleasure, and be
is caved with joy ; hills shall skip, and thou shalt be
heard with delight. Confess the Lord, for he is good
and also the precept of tie Gospel which recommends
humble privacy in prayer, in supplication, and in
fasting.
" The history of my country offers to consideration
events which it is gratifying in me to recall, as they
bear relation to your reflections and to the pious prac-
tices which I have stated-are observed in the Republic.
" The repulse of the' two strong British armaments
which attacked Buenos Ayres in 1806 and 1807 is to be
ascribed to a special favour of Divine Providence,
through the intercession of the Blessed Virgin Mary,
mother of Good, invoked by General Liniers, and by
the people of Buenos Ayres, as is the custom at present
in our prayers, supplications, and pious exercises.
" In the triumph of General Belgrano over a powerful
Spanish army in Tucuman, a like blessing of the Al-
mighty was repeated through the intercession, of the
Blessed Virgin, under the appellation of our Lady of
Mercy, to whose devotion that illustrious general was
particularly attached.
" The trophies of all those victories have been humbly
laid down before the tabernacle of the Lord.
" I myself. at different periods of my public life, have
acknowledged and revered the visible protection of God
towards the republic, as well then as in the present cir-
cumstances.
"It is from a deep sense of humble gratitude for those
blessings that I have placed at the foot of the altars of
the Most High in the churches of San Miguel del Monte,
Azul de San Serapio Martir, and in the holy cathedral
church of Buenos Ayres, the trophies obtained in the
expeditions of the years 1833 and 1834, to the deserts of
the south, against the Indians ; and in the festivals of
the church in honour of the Blessed Virgin, under the
appellation of our Lady of Mercy and of the glorious
St. Martin, patron of this city, the valuable and hono-
rific medal awarded to me by the Legislature, and which
I do not wear on my breast, is dedicated by me to adorn
the divine image of our Lady of Mercy, which is venerated
in the church of this name in this city, and that of our
holy patron.
" To the same origin are to be ascribed the memorable
victories of the army of Orientals and Argentines. under
the command of the illustrious General Manuel Oribe,
President of the Oriental State, and of the distinguished
Generals Urquiza, Echague, Pacheco, and others, as well
as the glorious deeds of which you have been a witness
at a more recent period.
" Tkese and several other facts, the relation of which
would be too lengthy here, ought to convince us not only
that the reverent prayers and supplications, as esta-
blished and practised in the country, offered up.to the
Lord our God, have been graciously heard by his infinite
goodness and providence, but also that we are bound to
tribute to him cordial and incessant thanksgiving for his
divine protection, and to testify our thorough confi-
dence in the propitious continuance of his unspeakable
blessings.
" Behold here, my dear friend, bow my ideas and
sentiments coincide with yours, and how your Christian
and generous desires are fulfilled beforehand, and the
divine and salutary precept on which yon found them
is venerated.
" I feel that my country and the friends of religion,
of justice, and of liberty, will highly appreciate the letter
you have written in such solemn moments. For my
part I will always regard it with a preferent and heart-
felt esteem ; and I will hand it down as a pious and
throughly American monument of a distinguished friend
who has the glory of having grown grey in the
honourable and faithful service of the glorious inde-
pendence and happy advancement of the United States.
" I have the highest pleasure in reiterating to you the
distinguished consideration and esteem with which I am
your affectionate servant and friend.
"JUAN M. DE ROSAS.
Wm. Brent, jun., Esq., Charg‘ d'Affairs of the U. S.

STEAM BETWEEN HARWICH.
AND ROTTERDAM.
EXPERIMENTAL EXCURSION.
The port of Harwich was for a considerable period the
great packet boat station for the North Seas. Situated upon
the most convenient point for the run from England to many
of the principal sea-ports of the north of Europe, it com-
manded, before the introduction of steam, much of the mail
and passenger traffic to Belgium, Holland, and the countries
bordering the Baltic. It is the intention of the Eastern
Counties Railway and the projected Harwich steam shipping
companies to make a vigorous effort for the restoration of
the place to somewhat of its former importance as a packet
station, and by placing it in direct communication by rail
with London,: to make the route through Essex, embarking
at Harwich, the principal highway to Holland, thus saving
the tedious navigation of' the river and the Swinn, and re-
ducing the time of transit between London and Rotterdam
by a very considerable proportion.
An experimental trip, with the view of ascertaining by
actual experience in What time the journey from London
to Rotterdam, by Harwich, could be performed, took place
last Wednesday. the directors of tifie Eastern Counties and
Eastern Union Railways being the gentlemen under whose
auspices the experiment came off. The distance between
London and Rotterdam, by Harwich, is about 222 miles, the
land journey to Ipswich comprising 68, and the run across,
the remaining 154. The trip was accomplished on Wednes-
day in about fifteen hours and a quarter, including several
stoppages for pilots off the Brill, and a detention of nearly an
hour fur the Custom-house inspection upon entering the
Meuse. We may add, too, that the wind, which freshened
considerably towards evening, was right in our teeth, accom-
panied by a slight swell from the eastward. Making allow-
ances, therefore, for these unfavourable circumstances, it may
be fairly presumed that the sea passage from Ipswich to
Rotterdam may be performed without much difficulty in
about twelve hours, while the transit from town by rail
need not occupy more than two additional hours—the re-
sult being, that letters written and papers published in
London early in the morning may be received in Rotter-
dam, the Hague, and the surrounding towns, on the same
evening.
The special train which contained the experimentalists of
Wednesday left the Shoreditch station at half-past five A.M.,
and cracked on through the nvadows and woods of Essex at
a goodly pace to Ipswich. Thane the Orwell steamer lay gay
with colours, and musical with overplus steam, waiting to
perform her part in the race. No delay occurred, and within
ten minutes we had exchanged the railway carriage for the
deck, and were gliding down the quiet pastoral river, shoot-
ing by its weirs and abounding fishing station, en route for
Holland. The little town of Harwich, with its flotilla of
boats lying idly before it, was soon passed to the right, and
the German ocean opened gradually to the view, the
long low coasts of Suffolk and Essex stretching away,
dimmed by the summer haze on either hand. Scattered
trawlers and small fishing craft beat lazily about in the light
breeze; a vast fleet of boats were dredging for cement—an
odd sounding species of industry (we should as soon think of
fishing up ready made warming-pans,) Felixtown and its
martello tower appeared like grey specks to the left, and the
distant sails of vessels in the Swinn threaded on the horizon
like beads.
The weather was delightful—the easterly breeze just rip-
pling the undulations of the slowly heaving swell, and tem•
paring the atmosphere to a pleasant coolness. The day wore
on agreeably, but the sun was low in the horizon ere the
sails of the Goree pilot-boat were descried looming through
the light vapoury haze which hung over the ocean. As we
passed through the clumsy Dutch craft riding at anchor—
the sweep of his bright polished bows plunging heavily into
the short head-sea which the freshening breeze had raised,
the pilot, a fine hardy-looking seaman—decidedly Dutch
built as well as his vessel—pulled on board, busily employed
in bracing up his second or third pair of trousers with a piece
of spun yarn, and was quite astounded by the intelligence
which reached him from a dozen voices at once, that we were
from London that morning. The Dutchman walked aft,
gave the spoke of the wheel a wrench, signed to the captain
to move on, coiled up the lead-line in his hand, and then
said it was quite impossible. A copy of the Morning Chronicle
of the day was then put into his hands—he glanced at the
date--hove the lead phlegmatically—walked to the helms-
man—" South-east by South"—and then said, " e'er fasht;
vet fasht, indeed."
The rest of the voyage was soon performed. The low
sandbanks which fortify Holland against the assaults of her
perpetual enemy, the sea, hove up on the horizon—with the
towers of distant churches looming dimly through the even-
ing mist. Then we-wound our way through the compli-
cated channels by which the Meuse is entered, and were soon
gliding up its quiet sedgy stream—remarking the lazily turn-
ing windmills—the snug Dutch hamlets—with their steep
red roofs, half embosomed in green trees—the willowy
mouths of half stagnant canals and creeks opening to the main
stream—the interminable rows of trees stretching far along
the banks, in monotonous lines along the swampy level, the
pile of bigger trees occasionally kept in countenance by rows
of junior branches of the same vegetable family. Here and
there you saw the masts and long vanes of Dutch boats
moored in canals off the main stream, peering up amid pol-
lards and elms, and behind low straggling cottages, and
around ricketty old windmills. Here and there, too, a crawl-
ing schuyt brushed lazily by the rushes, drifting with the
muddy stream, from the banks of which ever and anon
storks, looking like geese in consumptions, rose, and flocks of
starlings and curlews came pipingby. Groups of sabot-shod,
blue-bloused peasantry loitered by cottage doors, and over
all the setting sun blazed down, through the summer mist;
with that rich golden glory which you see in the pictures of
Cuyp. And so we crept up the river until, as the evening
was deepening into 'night, we got alongside the great elm.
lined pier—the well-known Brompjes of Rotterdam.
Two of the party, BIT,. Beke and Mr. Alfred Cobbold, im-
medietely etarted for the Hague with newspapers of the
day for his Majesty, the principal officers of statel and the
journals of that city. Great satisfaction was evinced at the
receipt of newspapers almost wet from the London press ;
and in token thereof their bearers, who bad strolled almost
accidentally into a club-house, were elected honorary memT
hers by one unanimous shout of acclamation.
Next morning the Nierutze Rotterdamseh4 Courant ap
PPred with a jaw-breaking Dutch paragraph, which, being
interpreted, is as follows :--
4' We have received this day several English papers—viz.,
the Morning Chronicle, Times, and .Morning Herald, all of this
day's date, June 17. •
6 These papers were dispatched per railway from London
to Ipswich, and from thence by the steam-boat Orwell for
this port. The train started at half-past five o'clock, and at
half-past seven the steamer arrived in our harbour. As she
had to strive against a contrary wind and other obstacles, we
trust with confidence that future trips may be perforrqd
with still greater rapidity."
After an eveningpleasintly devoted to the lions of Rotter-
d,,aM, and a capital timid at.' the excellent hotel of the Pays
16a3, whose Marble lobbies and painted saloons—nay, even
the fearful 'climb up innumerable flights of staircases to aerial
glorious moonlit view of the fine
11Pd-rooms, commanding a
old Ditch town, its jumble of trees, high peaked houses, and

ships' rigging—we shall ever remember with pleasure, we
started yesterday morning homeward bound, about twenty
minutes after ten, and after a delightful run, made still more
so by ceaseless attempts to baffle the heat by exercising iC
with manner of pleasant liquid relics of Holland, we let
go our anchor oil Ipswich at ten o'clock, having performed
the passage in about twelve hours.
Among the gentlemen -present were J. B. Cobbold, Esq.,
chairman, and John Fortman, W: May, and J. Cobbold;
Esqs., directors of the Eastern Union • and G. Fisher, Esq ,
of 'Cambridge, W. C. Wells, Esq., of Chelmsford, and T.
Gibbes, Esq., of London, directors of the Eastern Counties
Railway, and Norwich Steam-packet Companiee. -