The Sun.
London, England, 1846-08-07 00:00:00

obvious, from well-known facts, that at a distance from
countries where the pest is endemic, and out of the fo-
cuses of infection, the distemper never broke out among
persons that had been exposed to its action, after they
had been isolated for eight days.
" The small number of facts seeming to depart from
this rule are all liable to different interpretation.
"This extract, on account of the limits within which
we are forced to keep, cmnot give an idea of the extent
of the work from which it emanates, but it is sufficient
to show that among the numerous questions the Com-
mission had to examine, it has met with a certain
number to which it has been able to give a clear and
precise answer, pointing out as the object of future in-
vestigations, those questions to which the want of posi-
tive observations has prevented a solution being given.
" In order to complete this laborious task, the Com-
mission thought proper to give a summary of the prin-
cipal applications of the scientific results it has come to.
The Commission only gave advice and expressed desires;
Government alone has the right to decide over them,
and bring them to execution. _

" The S-anitory measures which are to insure security
to France may be reduced to five heads, viz.:—
" 1. The indication of the countries from which we
may fear importation of the plague.
" 2. The precautions to be taken on board of ships
sailing for France from suspected countries.
" 3. The rules to be observed during the voyage.
"4. The precautions to be taken on reaching a
French port
" 5. The measures to be adopted should the plague
break out in a French town.
" If we did not want space we would lay before our
readers the regulations made by the authorities of Mar-

seilles.
" These regulations having been dictated under the
influence of exaggerated fear, and a total ignorance of
the limits of the danger, are stamped in several points
with a character of barbarism which, as well as the re-
mainder of them, demand an early reform.
"The fundamental idea which prevails through the
regulations proposed by the Commission, consists in
comprehending in the quarantine the time of the
voyage, and imposing such measures as may offer the
necessary security to the health of the persons on board
during all the time elapsed since the moment of the
ship's sailing.
"But if any persons suffering with the plague are
received in the lazarettoes, how are they to be treated?
Are they to be, according to the present regulations,
shut up in a solitary room, examined at a distance of
six feet through bars, turned about with hooks, or their
tisanes to be conveyed to them on the extremity of a
long board ? Is it necessary, when a bubo requires
opening, that the surgeon should use long-heeled instru-
ments, or is a knife only to be thrown to him in order
that he may operate on himself ?

"Person; infected by this distemper have a right to
all the assistance that civilisation, science, and art can
offer ; once admitted in the French lazarettoes, they are
to receive all the relief and attendance that are given to
common patients in the bast-established hospitals.
" The buildings in which they are to be received must
be so disposed as to offer the patients and those that are

to attendon them the best possible hygiene conditions,
and above all an easy and complete ventilation.
• " Other regulations that cannot fail to create indigna •

Lion, are those prescribed in ease the plague should break
out in a French town or only in a few houses. They
consist in enclosing the population within acertain space,
and by thus doing expose them to the general epidemic
causes when they exist, and at all events laying them
open to the influence of pestilential infection, to the erea-
-

Lion of which they cannot fail concurring.
"The Commission proposes a line of conduct entirely
opposed to the measures now taken : they are to be re-
placed by means simple and of easy execution, which
have already received the sanction of experience.
" If the plague should break out in a house, the pa-
tient is to be removed to some distant and well-ventilated
place, where he may receive all necessary attendance.
All the inhabitants of the house must repair to some
spot pointed ;out by the authorities, and placed under
the inspection of a medical man ; the house, after being
ventilated, purified, and well cleaned out, must remain
empty for a month at least.
" Should the distemper break out in several houses
the same line of conduct must be adopted for each.
" If a whole town were invaded by a pestilential epi-
demic the same measures should be resorted to on a
larger scale with the utmost severity, but the prin_tiple
should not be altered.

" Having thus fulfilled its duties by establishing the
medical facts which are to be the groundwork of a
reform, the Commission has ended its task by drawing
up a summary of the principal applications which are
to be made of the scientific results to which it has come.
" It has not failed remarking, that by leaving to the
Iniendance Sanitaire of the various places the faculty of
ascribing the business of their members, as well as the

practical details in the application of the doctrines
hitherto adopted, the central authority has in reality
intrusted to these persons all the active part of the
sanitory police, and has submitted to their arbitrary
authority all ships, passengers, and goods.
" The question on the means to be employed by the
country, in order to preserve itself from the plague, is
obviously a general one. There can be no doubt as to

the propriety of consulting the towns which are the most
exposed to the introduction of the disease; their experi-
ence and traditions are not to be overlooked; but it is

the central authorities, enlightened by the opinions of
the most competent men, that must prescribe under the
form of ordinances, regulations, or instructions, not only
the general principles, but even the smallest details of
the sanitory regulations."

SALE OF THE EFFECTS OF THE LATE MR. B. B.
HAYDON.—On Wednesday the sale of the effects of the late Mr.
Haydon was commenced on the premises recently occupied
by him in Barford-place, Edgware-road, Mr. Nutter being
the auctioneer. The sale yesterday consisted principally of
the household furniture and the library of the unfortunate
gentleman, and caused the attendance of a numerous com-
pany. Of the 188 lots sold yesterday, not one was deserving
of especial notice, but many of the books were interspersed
with manuscript notes by Mr. Haydon, and consequently
their value was enhanced. In addition to the furniture and
books there was a large number of engravings from Ilaydon's
paintings of the Duke of Wellington, Napoleon, Sir Walter
Scott, the " Mock Election," " Waiting for the Times," &c.,
and a few sketches. The paintings, busts, specimens of the
Elgin marbles, principal sketches, &c., are reserved for sale
this day.
FIRE IN OSBORN-STREET, WHITECHAPEL.—Wed-
nesday, between five and sit o'clock, a fire broke out in the
great pile of buildings in the occupation of Messrs. Orlando
Jones and Co., starch manufacturers, in Osborn-street, White-
chapel. it appears that during the time that the stock was
drying in the stove (a building several stories in height) it
became overheated, and in a very short time seven or eight
of the racks at the lower part became ignited. This tire,
however, was got under by the time the engines arrived,
without serinus damage. The firm is insured in the Atlas
and other offiata.

ABLY HARVEST.—As an instance of the forwardness
of the harvest this year, we may mention that all the wheat
fand oats (about forty Lancashire acres), on the Barlow Farm,
occupied by Mr. Samn-4 Dean, were cut in the month of July,
an occurrence, we believe, perfectly unprecedented in this
part of the country.-1U andiester Guardian
[ADVERTISEMENT.] MEDICAL TESTIMONIALS.
SIGHT AND HEARING.—The Messrs. S. and B. Solomons' newly-in-
vented Spectacle Lenses afford astonishing relief to extremely imper-
fect vision. We give them the decided preference to every other
kind of Lens. The clearness of the transparency brings every ob-
ject very distinct, and enables individuals to view the most minute
particle with perfect accuracy. They are pirtlcularly pleasant by
candlelight, as they appear cooling to the sight, and soften bright
and brilliant lights.—J. Blundell, Esq., M.D., 1, Great George-
street, Westminster; T. J. Pettigrew, Esq., F.lt S., 8, Saville-row;
Saville-row; -Isgßamsbsttom, Esq., 31. D., Broad-street-buildings ; A. White,
?
Parliament-street ;EGsgeo,rgme.DC7s7h,amtippEasrq.6,
031,,..1e5i....,
5. Se.v
street ; H. Golbttrn Esq., Surgeon, 28, Harleyford-place, Kenning-
tonW.Farquhar, ; Alexander 'Surgeon, 76, Cadogan-place, Bel-
Ne,;iii4sl.. Surgeon, Isleworth ; John Hooper,
Esq., Surgeon, 29, ,
Opticians and ,
Kennington, &e., &c. Messrs.
nrists, 39, Albemarle-street,
S. and B. Soomons
lble and all kinds of
Piccadilly (opposite the York Ild'elj
their newly-invented and Improved A-cousitincvitnasntr
ttinents, to enable
t layn tdo o join in forty
yn
generalftY years' stand-
individuals at an advanceidbmatn
fug of extreme deafness,
and to catch this sound of a distant low speaker at chuecirerrsaeattiorno,
&c. They pour the conversation into the ears to such an theatre,
&c.
that In most severe cases deafness cannot be observed. Also the
most powerful newly-invented Achromatic Opera Glasses and
Telescopes. Caution.—Messrs. S. and B. Solomons, Opticians and
Anrists, arc not in any way connected with a person of the same
name In their immediate neighbourhood, nor in any part of the coun-
try.th York H).
To prevent mistakes, be cautious, and Observe—Only
otel to be
had at Pa, Albemarle-street, Piccadilly (opposite
[ADVERTISEMENT.] UNPRECEDENTED C URE BY
HoLsoway's Para.—Thomas Symonds, formers, of Chatham D' ck-
yard, residing iii Gravel-lane, S.otithwark, had beened •
o unableffected tO do
his work for t• see years. His lungs were suppos be a,
having a distre-sing cough, with feet and legs swelling, besides which
he could scarcely ever keep anything on his stomach, and was gene-
rally so weak and 111 as to barely have power to stand ; yet in three
Holloway's Fills,
anthdetilarsorwle
months this poor man acquired almost a new constitution by tak nc
able to undertake nbsee°duilitteessuhr satr.
c,nargpeaantderwoellil
baasatrod cca
vessel about sailing to :New South Witte,. These .
invaluable Pills are
sold at Professor Holloway's EztAbliihment 244 Strand,
and by a dealers In auxilciao. - i / -

charged with miasmata exhaled from the bodies of per-
sons infected.
" From the various facts exposed in the chapter re-
lating to the transmissibility of the pest, it may be in-
ferred that infected persons, by vitiating the air of /o-
caliti, s they inhabit, can create focuses of infection liable
to transmit the distemper.
" These focuses may remain after the persons infected
have been removed.
" When once formed by the presence in a ship of one
or a greater number of infected persons, the focuses of
infection are liable to be carried great distances.
" Patients labouring under the sporadic plague do not
appear to have the power of creating focuses of infection
sufficiently active to enable them to transmit the dis-
temper.
" The degree of transmissibility of the pest varies ac-
cording to the intensity of the epidemic, according to the
period it is in, and finally to the organic dispositions of
Individuals exposed to the action of the pestilential
effluvia.
" If it is not proved that the existence of a pestilential
constitution in a country where the plague has been in]-
; ported be necessary to its transmission and propagation,
it seems certain, however, that it can make no great
ravages without finding in the climate, in the atmosphere,
and among the inhabitants, favourable conditions to its
increasing.
" The fourth and last part of the report refers to the
time of incubation of the pest. This is the name ap-
plied to the space of time during which the plague may
remain concealed in an infected person previous to its
becoming manifested by evident symptoms.
" The time of incubation of the plague is very variable;
it depends on the period of the epidemic, and likewise on
other powerful influences. These variations, however,
are restricted within certain limits. It is the knowledge
of these that is of importance, for it is by them that the
duration of quarantines is to be logically ruled.
"It has been observed that when a pestilential epi-
demic commences in a town, the incubation is excessively
short. Hence those cases of plague which prove mortal
in a few hours.
"In the second period of the epidemic, the duration
of the incubation is from three to five days.
"It is the same in the third.
"If it be true that a fixed and absolute limit cannot
be ascribed to the time of incubation, it seems, however,