The Sun.
London, England, 1848-07-27 00:00:00

COURT CIRCULAR.

Andrew Steinmetz. 3 Vols.
To write history is not only an arduous, but an
ungracious task. The impartiality of the historian is
almost invariably called in question. If he evince
any enthusiasm for his theme his revelations are re-
garded as the utterances of a partizan ; if, on the other
hand, he do full justice to the iniquities with which his
historical researches have mode him acquainted, he
is forthwith assailed as a calumniates, and if,
again, (rare miracle !) the historian be impartial,
his popularity will in consequence be rather dimi-
nished than increased, for in that case all parties will
most probably unite in censuring him. The reason
for this apparent injustice is very simple. The his-
torian has invariably to contend with some forgone
conclusion in the minds of the majority of his readers ;
he attacks their prejudices, and they impugn his
historical probity. If such be the invidious
accompaniments of the authorship of history,
generally speaking, how immeasurably must
their invidious character be augmented in the
case of him who shall attempt to write the
history of the Jesuits ! The Jesuits, than whom no
body of men have been the objects f greater adula-
tion or greater contumely. Every individual who
has taken up a pen or opened his lips in their cause
has been either a panegyrist or a traducer. Hence
the impartial observer finds it impossible to form a
correct estimate regarding the company of Jesus.
This extraordinary society, as manifested to us by
the double revelations of the zealous enthusiast
and the rancorous opponent, now elicits our admira-
tion and now our indignant horror, and always our
interest, and always—always—our astonishment. A
true and trustworthy history of such a body would
perhaps constitute the greatest boon which an histo-
rian could confer on the human race; a true history
of the Jesuits would solve many an enigma which has
hitherto baffled the sagacity of the theologian, the
moralist, and the philosopher—it would be a work as
elaborate in its construction, and as important in its
consequence, as the " great work "—the History of
Human Error—which occupied the lifetime of the
father " Caxton." Such a work has not been written
by Andrew Steinmetz. The three large octavo vo-
lumes now before us, although in many respects supe-
rior to what we had expected from the author of the
"Novitiate," are both in manner and matter greatly
inferior to what they claim to be—the history of the
Jesuits, or to use their author's grandiloquent
expression, " the Temple of Jesuitism." Yet,
although no such colossal edifice in itself, Mr. Stein-
metz's book may serve as a not unimportant frag-
ment in such a structure. These volumes, most
certainly, do not constitute the history of the Jesuits,
but a history they are, or rather a chapter in
the great history to be hereafter completed.
The impartial observer, to whom we have
already referred as being anxious to unravel
the mysteries of Jesuitism, may very profitably
peruse Mr. Steinmetz's work in conjunetisn
with others. In conjunction with otters, be it well
remembered ; for if it contain much of truth, it most
assuredly does not contain the whole truth. Mr.
Steinmetz is, of course, peculiarly inimical to Jesuits
and Jesuitism, and naturally so, for no foes, it is ge-
nerally admitted, are so violently antagonistic as
those who "once were friends," and Mr.
Steinmetz, it is well known, passed some years as a
novice at Stonyhurat. Mr. Steinmetz is therefore
no impartial writer, as has been fully evidenced by
his former compositions, but in this work, and we re-
mark it with equal surprise and satisfaction, he has
endeavoured to obtain for himself that honourable
commendation. lie has endeavoured to be im-
partial. In the pursuance of this design he has
gone so far as to acknowledge the admirable
qualities of many individual Jesuits, and the parti-
cular merits of an institution of which, as a whole, he
of course disapproves. Fully aware of the importance
of the task which he had undertaken, the author of this
history says, in his preface, "To every mind the
history of the Jesuits presents subjects of
interest. In their exploits the churchman, the mis-
sionary, the preacher, the educator—all who possess
influence on the minds of men, may find hints and
demonstrations; their industry and perseverance are
models for all humanity. They laboured indefatig-
ably, and received their reward in a world-
encircling power. From the first the society
was never in obscurity. Like Minerva from the
head of Jove, the company of Jesus went forth
from the brain of Ignatius ready for battle." In the
following effective but somewhat theatrical passage
Mr. Steinmetz sums up a description of the seem-
ingly desperate condition of Catholic Europe on the
portentous advent of Jesuitism. " And shall it be
so," he, asks, after having alluded to the
so-calied heresy of Germany, " shall Scan-
dinavia, England, Sweden, France, and even
Italy and Spain, all tainted with heresy, shall all
be resigned w ithout a struggle ? The man is born
who shall answer the question by his deeds—lgnatius
Loyola, the founder of the Jesuits. We shall meet
him anon." So says Mr. Steinmetz, at the corn-
, mencement of his history, and " anon" we do meet
with the man destined to answer the momentous
question—the man who seemed to conic forward
expressly, although unconsciously, to lead the forlorn
hope of Catholicism, and Ise the most effectual oppo-
nent of Martin Luther—lgnatius Loyola. Ranke,
in his " History of the Popes," has very beautifully
and emphatically observed, when alluding to the fact
of Luther and Loyola having both come forward as
religious champions nearly at the same epoch,
both impelled by the same feeling of reli-
gious enthusiasm, and both from the same
motives pursuing such very different courses—
" Thus rise two neighbouring and kindred springs on
the summit of the mountain, but each seeks its path
to the valleys in an opposite direction, and their
waters are separated for ever." Unlike as were the
conclusions, yet more unlike were the commence-
ments of the careers of these two remarkable men.
What astrologer would have predicted those conclu-
sions from those commencements ? When Martin
Luther was a monk, studying the breviary in the mo-
nastery of the Augustines, Ignatius Loyola was the most
daring soldier and the most gallant cavalier in Spain.
A change, however, came over the spirit of his
dream ; seriously wounded at the siege of Pampeluna,
and condemned to a long period of forced inactivity,
he bad ample time for reading and meditation ; he
read the lives of the Saints, he meditated on the
inanity of human glory. He rose from his sick couch
another man—still a soldier, still a hero, but a soldier
of the cross, a hero of spiritual chivalry. His mili-
tary predilections are apparent in his religious medi-
tations, and, by their novelty, add greatly to their
effect. It was, indeed, a glorious reverie which filled
the imagination of Loyola when he pictured to
himself two armies drawn out in battle ar-
ray, one under the guidance of the Sa-
viour, the other subservient to Satan. With
military exactitude he dwelt upon the various
peculiarities of the two camps; he listened to the
Divine leader exhorting his troops to sacrifice every-
thing and follow him, and then, with somewhat of
his old ambition, Loyola burned to signalise
himself in the celestial ranks : he would
be a " General," he would lead a " Com-
pany" under the banner of the heavenly King.
Hence the title of the followers of Loyola, "the com-
pany of Jesus ;" hence, while other religious orders
obey a " father" or "abbot," the soldier-company are
governed by a "general," and their first duty is
the military duty of obedience. This is ap-
parently a fanciful allegory, but it is in
reality only another illustration of the real,
every-day. " Battle of Life." But, now the
company is established, and the general has taken
his station in the battle-front—what is the object of
the conflict ? What is the object of the conflict be-
tween the Saviour and the Destroyer ?—human
souls. To win human souls from the power
of Satan is, then, the avowed object of the
company of Jesuits. This was the object which in-
spired Loyola to fling aside his soldier's trappings,
and pass years in arduous study preparatory to em-
barking in his great undertaking ; this was the object
which impelled Francis Xavier, the apostle of India,
in that glorious mission where he converted hun-
dreds and thousands of the heathen, and this
is the object, at least the avowed object,
of the Jesuit missions throughout the world even to
this day. How far they may have desecrated their
sacred name, or abused the holy purpose of their
founder, it is not necessary here to say. What we
have said is enough to show what a most
interesting and most important theme has been
selected by Andrew Steinmetz for his present work.
We have purposely abstained from particularizing his
individual opinions, whether just or erroneous ; there
is one, however, which we cannot pass over without
comment. Mr. Steinmetz) speaks of Ignatius
Loyola in terms of respect and admiration ;
nevertheless, because it happened that the
Jesuit expired without receiving the last sacrament
of his church, his historian, from that circumstance,
declares him to have been a hypocrite! a name which
has never yet been applied to the first Jesuit. Hypo-
crites his followers may have been, and Ignatius him-
self may be called a visionary or self-deceiver, but
history concurs in declaring him to have been sincere
—he was too enthusiastic for a hypocrite.

... 3

... 2

The Marchioness of Worcester has gone on a visit
to the Earl and Countess Howe, at Gopsall
Leicester,hire. Her Ladyship intends to stay at Gopsall
about a fortnight, and then goes to Dublin to meet the
Marquis, who is stationed in that city with his regiment.
The Marquis of Abercorn, Earl of Harrowby and
party, Earl Fortescue, Earl Bathurst, Viscount Ossul-
ston, Viscount and Viscountess Jocelyn, Lady Wil-
loughby, Lady Buchan, Lady Franks, Sir Wm. Heath-
cote, Dr. Bright, S. Majoribanks, Esq., M.P., Hon. Mr.
Liddell, Col. Bonner, &e., visited the Colosseum, Regent's
Park, on Tuesday.
SALESAIAN.--A yOUDg man ad-
AN EXPERIENCED
vertises in the Boston Post for a place as salesan, and
says he has had a great deal of experience, having been
' discharged from seven different stores Within year.

The inclemency of the weather on Tuesday prevented
her Majesty and his Royal Highness, and the younger
members of the Royal Family, from enjoying their usual
morning walks and rides.
There was no addition to the Rfiyal dinner party on
Tuesday evening.
Yesterday morning her Majesty and the Prince
walked in the grounds of Osborne, accompanied by the
Royal children.
iler Royal Highness the Duchess of Gloucester, at-
tended by Lady Caroline Murray, and Lieut.-Colonel
the lion. A. Liddell, were expected to arrive at Osborne
yesterday afternoon, on a visit to her Majesty.
Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent (attended
by Lady Augusta Bruce) left Clarence House, St.
James's, at nine o'clock yesterday morning, for her re-
sidence, Frogmore House, near Windsor.
Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Gloucester left
town at half-past twelve o'clock yesterday, attended by
Lady Caroline Murray and Lieutenart-Colonel the Hon.
August Liddell, on a visit to the Queen, at her Majesty's
marine residence, Osborne, Isle of Wight.
Their Royal Highnesses the Duke and Duchess of
Cambridge, attended by Ludy Augusta Cadogan and
Mr. Edmond Mildmay, honoured Mr. and Mrs. Bates
with a visit yesterday afternoon, at their residence at
East Sheen.
Sir Thomas Fremantle, Chairman of the Customs,
and Mr. John Wood, Chairman of the Excise, :had in-
terviews with the Chancellor of the Exchequer yester-
day, at his official residence in Downing• street.
The Ecclesiastical Commissioners for England had a
committee meeting yesterday, at their office in White-
hall-place.
A committee of the Lords of her Majesty's Privy
Council for Trade and Foreign Plantations sat yester-
day in the Council Chamber, Whitehall, to resume the
hearing of the case of Robert Langslow, Esq., one of
the District Judges of Ceylon. The Lords present
were the President of the Board of Trade, the Secretary
of State for the Colonies, the Chancellor of the Duchy of
Lancaster, and Sir Edward Ryan. Mr. Hill (Queen's
Counsel) was heard, and occupied their Lordships the
whole of the day.

COLONIZATION.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.
SlR,—The time has at length arrived when the public
begin to see the importance of colonization. With the
finest colonies in the world, those emigrants who can af-
ford to leave the kingdom at their owit expense, and,
consequently, the most valuable class, prefer the United
States, because there the cost of conveying and mort-
gaging land is effected in a rational and cheap manner,
through the instrumentality of printed deeds, which
may be bought at any stationer's, and filled up by any-
body, being, of course, properly witnessed. It is indis-
pensable that we imitate our Trans-Atlantic brethren,
for waste lands will not bear costly title-deeds.
This being done, the Colonial-dice must cease to con-
sider the colonies as being maintained for the benefit of
their friends and connexions. Every man who emigrates
at his own expense should have ten acres of land given
to him. Every parish or union applying for a tract of
land should have it on condition that a certain number
of persons should be annually sent out. The advantage
attendant on allowing parishes or unions to have lands is
obvious. By leasing the lands to the paupers for a few
years at a nominal rent, with power of purchase, they
would reimburse themselves the expense of sending out
of the country the surplus population, and would stimu-
late industry by presenting the prospect of future inde-
pendence. The comfort of the emigrants would be
greatly promoted by parishes or unions having particu•
lar places to which they could send their surplus popu-
lation. The poor people would then go amongst rela-
tives or friends, or former neighbours, who would be dis-
posed to assist them at the commencement. They would
not be cast amongst strangers. It may be feared that
some unprincipled individuals when they get out would
violate their agreements with their parishes, but they
might be punished by being rendered incapable of hold-
ing property until they had performed their engage-
ments, or paid the cost of their emigration.
Systematic emigration may be much better effected
by parishes or unions than by Government, whose offi-
cials are too much inclined to turn every measure into
a job.—l am, Sir, your most obedient servant,
Hull, July 26, 1848. T. N.

THE CROYDON RAILWAY.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.
SIR,—As a constant reader of your excellent and ad-
mirably conducted journal, I venture to address you not
in the atrainlof complaint, as I have before done with re-
spect to the management of the Croydon line of railway,
but in commendation of the course adopted in its ma-
nagement by the present directors. I have several
times considered it my painful duty under the old regime
of this line, particularly when the atmospheric principle
was in the ascendant with its managers and directors, to
complain most bitterly of the management or rather
mismanagement of the line, the irregularity of the run-
ning of the trains, and to point out in consequence of that
irregularity the total impossibility of any commercial
or professional man placing the least reliance on the
time of their arrival at the London-bridge station. To
men connected with business who are desirous of living
a short distance out of town, and to inhale the fresh
breezes of the county of Surrey, the regularity of the
arrival and departure of the trains on the Croydon line
must be and is a great desideratum. The old manage-
ment, however, set at naught any such important consi-
derations, and seemed to have but one hobby, namely,
how they could squander away the money of the share-
holders upon useless and most expensive experiments, to
the detriment of the interests of their proprietors and the
public. Happily, however, 'since the amalgamation of
the Croydon line with the Brighton, under the title of
" The London, Brighton, and South Coast Railway,"
they:have assumed a very different shape—the directors
have shown a determination not only to benefit the
public but their shareholders. The expensive and not
to-be• depended-upon atmospheric has been sent to the
four winds of heaven—the pipes have been taken up, and
the rails appropriated to a permanent down line for lo-
comotive engines, and the departure and arrival of the
Croydon trains has thereby been reduced to a matter of
certainty, and commercial and professional men can now
calculate to almost a minute when they will arrive at
the London-bridge station. This move in the right di•
rection, on the part of the present chairman and directors
of the company, appears to have been duly appreciated
by the public, and many now are the professional
and commercial men who, knowing they can depend on
the arrival and departure of the train, have located them-
selves in the healthy neighbourhood of Forrest Hill,
Sydenham, Anerley, Norwood, and Croydon. The di-
rectors have no doubt ere this found out the value and
policy of the course they have pursued in doing away
with the atmospheric and adopting the locomotive means
of transit, in the increased number of annual tickets that
have and will be taken, as well as in the increase of pas-
sengers generally. The certainty of the arrival and de-
parture of trains, though not so important to the one as
to the other, is always looked to both by the pleasure-
hunter and the man of business. No person, whether on
business or pleasure, feels any gratification in be-
ing fastened in a railway carriage and stuck
upon a viaduct a mile from any station for
three-quarters of an hour, as I have been when the
atmospheric principle was in vogue on the Croydon line,
it being found impracticable for that length of time to
get the carriages either backward or forward. The
doing away with the atmospheric principle on the
Croydon lino has had another good effect, it has enabled
the company to keep a distinct up-line for the Brighton
and Dover trains, as well as one for the Croydon, and
thereby considerably to increase the facilities of traffic
on the line, and to put an end altOgether of the least
, chance of the Brighton or Dover trains running into the
Croydon ones, which, but for the great care and vigi-
lance of the officers of the company, might have
been the case, in consequence of the Croydon
trains having to stop at so many stations. For
the promptitude with which the present directors have
eradicated the evils in the management of the Croydon
line, of which the public have so justly complained, I
think they are entitled to their best thanks, and I ven-
ture to predict that neither the directors or the share-
holders will ever have cause to regret the steps they
have taken to insure the convenience and comfort of the
public.
I am, Sir, your obedient servant,
A CONSTANT READER.
Croydon, July 27, 1848.

,
THE PEMUROICE COLLECTION or COlNS.—Yester-
day the private view of the entire Pembroke collection of
Greek, Roman, English, and other coins and medals,
which are to be disposed of by public auction, took place
at Messrs. Sotheby and Wilkinsbn's Rooms, Wellington-
street, Strand. This collection, the finest probably ever
brought to the hammer, was formed by Thomas Earl of
Pembroke, prior to the year 1746; and a full description
of the rare coins forming it were published in that year
in two volumes. The sale will extend over a period of
twelve days; the first two being devoted to the disposal
of the coins and medals forming the English series.
Some of the coins in this series are of the utmost rarity,
particularly a penny of Valfred, Archbishop of Canter-
bury, struck between 803 and 830, and other ecclesias
tical coins of the Anglo-Saxon and Norman periods. The
patterns for the English coinage aro of the finest descrip-
tion, and having been untouched for upwards of a eel
W S l,
Wry, are in a beautiful state of preservation. Among
them is one of the celebrated " Pattern Crowns," by
mon, which are of such rarity that the last one sold pro-
duced the large sum of 155 L The one at the Duke of
Devonshire's coin sale some years back sold for upwar
coins,
ds
of 2001. To show the rarity of the Roman gold
above one
itm
hundreday beyears ieoua
mentioned
beor
before the
thebi series
rth
of coourarmseaaNc,
continued down to the taking of Coustantinople by the
Turks, in 1453. The extreme rarity of the types, and
the beautiful condition of the coins, make the series stand
the collections of Europe.
in the highestthem and in some
Nlany of medals aamreonogt great rarity,
instances unique; while the Greek coins rank among
some of the finest known. This sale has for upwards
of twelve months excited the attention of the lovers of
numismatics, and is looked forward to with considerable
interest.
IMPORTATION OF lIOPS.—A vessel, arrived in the
river from Dragomestre, has brought two hales of ho s
as a portion of her cargo, consigned to order. We havel
no recollection of a previous importation of hops from
tmthe e
sptl aacned mentioned,
importance.
and
Tthhee
samearrivalvessel is
also
b r oo fu nh-t
the very large quantity of 311,2651b5. weight of valonia,
am entertained his the
Lpoorrdd uncntdi o
ao
df
y.t h
Be
rplace.
Brougham
Excel-
lency Count Dietrtchstein, the Marquis and Marchioness
of Douro, the Earl of Ellenborough, Viscount Palmer-
ston, Viscountess Castlereagh, v
Peel, Sir Charles Napier, Sir William Napier, and
La
Miss
Lutterell, Miss B. Coutts,
.and a distinguished circle at
dinner, on Tuesday, at the Noble and Learned Lord's
residence in Grafton-street.