The Sun.
London, England, 1846-07-20 00:00:00

ONDON d ND SOUTII-WESTERN (LONDON
BRIDGE EXTENSION.)
Mr. HOPE then opened the case of this railway in a speech of con-
siderable ability; the principal point to which he directed the atten-
tion of the Committee was the report et the Metropolitan Rail-
ways Termini Commission, who had reported favo.i ably of
the scheme. The Company proposed by the Bill before the
Committee to extend their railway to London-bridge from
a point in the York-road, Lambeth, where the South-
Western Reilway would terminate, according to an Act of Perna-
ment :obtained last year. The Bill, which was granted last year
by the Legislature, to the South Western Company, did not, how-
ever, give them the power of effecting a communication with the
River, that defect would be removed by the present Bill, which
proposed to construct commodious goods and passenger stations in
immediate contiguity with the river on the southern side. The pre-
sent amount of passenger traffic on the South Western Railwa was
upwards of 1'500,000, and the tonnage of goods upwards of 1100,000. A
considerable ncrease might be expected, if a more convenient station
could be obtained near the eastern portions of London, and thus remove
the delay and expense of additional cartage. The mileage at pre-
sent belonging to the South-Western Company, and sanctioned by
Parliament was 227 miles, and there were projects before Parlia-
ment for the construction of 150 miles more, thus together giving
accommodation to Southampton and Dorchester, in the south of
England, and vrestwarel as far as Exeter. The means of communi-
cation would be also given by this railway to the citizens of London,
between Wandsworth, Wimbledon, Richmond, Egham, Staines,
Guildford, and a number of other places adjacent to London. The
length of the line would be about one mile ; it was proposed
to construct it upon a viaduct the whole distance, by which
means all damage to property would be avoided, and the
recommendations of the Royal Commission • would be fully
carried out. The estimate of the cost of the railway would
be about 5C0,030/. ; for this sum 338,0e0/. would be required
for the puschace of property, and the sum of about 160,0001. would
be required for the works. The line was proposed to be constructed
not so much for the purpose of deriving any profit to the company,
as for the purpose of affording accommodation to the public. The
opposition to the Bill was not large. The only public buildings they
interfered with were Rowland Bill's Chapel, in the Blackfriars-road,
which was not of a serious nature ; a Quaker's meeting-house,
which also was not of a very alarming nature ; and
there was also a point of the triangle in the Borough
market, which they just touched ; this, however, they were
prepared to avoid by an alternate line. There was also a petition
front the inhabitants of some almshouses; the cause of their com-
plaint was the noise which would be created by the passing of the
trains. The present inhabitants were not, however, at present in a
state of quietness or rest, being in the immediate vicinity of Messrs.
Barclay's brewery, and he believed that if the present railway were
constructed, the noise would be considerably diminished. The War-
dens of St. Saviour's church had also objected, on the ground of the in-
terruptioe to Divine service, by the passage of trains. This evil would
be remedied by the usual arrangement on metropolitan railways to run
no trains during Divine service. In conclusion, he begged to apologise
for having trespassed so long on their attention ; and hoped that
the Committee would carry out the recommendation of the Royal
Commission, by granting the preamble of the Bill.
Mr. MERREWETIIER made an application to the Committee to be
allowed to bring under the consideration of the Committee some
clauses which he, as representative of the South-Eastern Company,
wished to introduce into the Bill before the Committee, those clauses
the Learned Counsel wished to be discussed before the Committee
granted the preamble of the Bill.
The Committee decided that the course was quite irregular, and
refused therefore to grant the application. The Chairman, however,
stated that the Committee could not declare the preamble of the Bill
proved until they had an assurance from the parties that the interests
of the South-Eastern Company, In conformity with the recommen-
dations of the Royal Commission, should be provided for.
The formal proofs required under the Duncombe resolutions were
then put in.
Mr. Ross :Myles M.P. far Guildford, was then called, and ex-
amined by Mr. GURNET, who stated the inconvenience of the present
station to persons travelling between Guildford and London, the pro-
posed station in the York-road would not afford sufficient accom-
modation to the persons residing on leaving business in London. A
saving of three quarters of a hour would be effected by the proposed
station at London-bridge over the present Nine-elms or the York-
road station.
Cross-examined by Sir. Sergeant MearnY —Did not think a station
on the Surrey side of the Southwark-bridge would afford to good an
accommodation as a station at London-bridge, in consequence of the
narrow and crowded access to it through Queen-street.
At the concision of his examination the Committee adjourned.

dioceses. He would refer to the petitions which had been
presented against the union of these two sees in proof of
the feeling which prevailed in the principality on the
subject. He would refer also to those which had been
present from Gloucestershire, Essex, and Kent, to show
the general feeling of the country.
(LEFT SITTING.)

of the union would take measares to correct the dis-
graceful state of things.
CAPTAIN WARNER'S INVENTION.
Lord INGESTRE said he wished, with theleave of the
House, to correct an erroneous impression, which it would
appear a portion of the speech which he had delivered
the other evening had occasioned out of doors. It was
reported that he had toldthe House that he knew of
his own personal knowledge that Sir Thomas Hastings
had stated to the late editor -of the Times that Mr.
Warner's invention was of no value. Now, he did not
know this of his own knowledge, but Mr. Barnes, the
late editor of the Times, had told him that the gallant
officer had admitted in general terms that he attached
no value to the invention, As they were not desirous
that he should re'd the letter, he would conclude by
stating that he had been anxious to correct the statement
he had previously made in this matter.
Sir DE LACY EVANS said, that in reference to the
subject of Captain Warner's invention, the newspapers
had laid great stress on the services of the Noble
Lord (Lord Ingestre), and thought that through his ex-
ertions justice would yet be done to the Gallant Captain.
He would ask the Hon. Gentleman (the Chancellor of
the Exchequer) whether there was to be any difference
shown in this case by the present Government to that
which had been shown by the previous one. He con-
sidered that the last Government had done all that was
necessary in the matter.
The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER said
the present Government had no intention of offering
opposition to Captain Warner's invention without in-
vestigation.
SUGAR DUTIES—COMMITTEE OF WAYS AND
MEANS.

HOUSE OF COMMONS.
The SPEAKER took the Chair shortly before Four
o'clock.

THE. NEW MINISTRY.

Mr. C. BULLER was introduced by Colonel Fox and
Captain Mangles, and took the oaths and his seat for
Liskeard.

Colonel ANsoN was introduced by Viscount
Ebrington and Mr. Tufnell, and took the oaths and his
seat for South Staffordshire.

Mr. O'CONNELL entered the House shortly after
four o'cl,_ck, and took his seat on the Ministerial benches.

THIRD READINGS.
The Tunbridge Wells Improvement Bill was read a
third time and passed.
The Derbyshire, Staffordshire, and Worcestershire
Junction Railway Bill was read a third time and passed.

LORDS' AMENDMENTS.
The Lords' Amendments to the Glasgow Municipa.
Police, and Statute Labour Bill, the Heywood Water-
works Bill, and the Sheffield Cemetery Bill were
agreed to.

REPORTS.
The reports on the Ely and Huntingdon Railway
(Bedford Extension) and Ramsay's Estate Bill, were
brought up and agreed to.
CONSIDERATION OF REPORTS.

The report on the Cam- pbletown Harbour, Water-
works, Paving, Lighting, and Watching Bill, was fur-
ther considered, and the Bill ordered to be engrossed.
The Andover Canal Bill was read a third time and
passed.
Lord BROOKE presented a petition, from the clergy
of Warwick against the union of the sees of Bangor
and St. Asaph. The Noble Lord also presented a pe-
tition from Leamington Priors, praying for the institu-
tion of local courts.
Sir R. INGLIS presented a petition from the
Governors of St. Thomas's Hospital against the
Charitable Trusts Bill, and praying that it might not
pass into a law, or that if it did they might be exempted
from its operation. Also a petition from the. Arch-
deaconry of Sarum, praying for the appointment of a
Bishop for Manchester. Also a petition from Essex
against the union of the Sees of Bangor and St. Asaph.
Also a petition from Exeter against the Catholic Relief
Bill.

The order of the day for resolving the House into a
Committee of Ways and Means was then read.
Sir W. CLAY presented a petition from the sugar
refiners of Sunderland, in favour of an alteration in the
present sugar duties. The petitioners complained that
under the existing law the supply of sugar was deficient,
and that unless an alteration was made to admit supplies
of sugar from all countries, great inconvenience would
take place. Last year the quantity received was short
of the demand, and this year it would be more so. The
petitioners therefore prayed that all foreign sugar should
be admitted at the same rate of duty.
Messengers from the House of Lords brought up
several Bills, which were ordered to be laid on the table.
Lord JOHN RUSSELL then rose and said-Mr.
Speaker: Sir, if her Majesty's Ministers had been
disposed to consult their own case, they would not
in the present state of affairs of the sugar question
propose any considerable alteration in its duties ; they
would have many reasons to all( ge in support of this
course ; they could have alleged the advanced
state of the session-the labour which the House had
just gone through, the recent formation of the Govern-
ment, and the intricacy of some of the details
connected with this question. These reasons would
have formed in the eyes of many grounds, sufficient for a
postponement to another Session of any large, or
considerable or permanent alteration of the duties
on this question. But, Sir, in our opinion,
there are considerable evils suffered by this
country in connexion with the present state of these
duties.-(Hear, hear.) We, Sir, consider that the great
body of the public suffer by the increased price of
sugars-a commodity of which no less than 12,000,0001.
a year, or a sum ranging from 11,000,0001.
to 13,000,0001. is expended in this country. We con-
sider also that the revenue is a considerable sufferer by
the mode in which those duties are raised. We con-
sider it most necessary, for the sake of the public, for the
sake of the interests most concerned, for the sake of
trade and commerce in this country, to endeavour
to arrive at a permanent settlement, and not to expose
this question to discussion and doubt from year to year.
-(hear, hear.) With these motives, however unpre-
pared we may seem to be, I am now about to propose to
state to the Committee the general reasons on
which we have conceived the plan which I am
now about to propose to this House for
the permanent settlement of the question. Sir,
it has been generally acknowledged by all, by the most
intelligent writers for many years, that the sugar duties
have been enormously increased. Mr. M'Culloch, in
his "Dictionary of Commerce," as well as in his
recent work on taxation, states, that the in-
crease in the prices of sugar, supposing foreign
to rise from 21s. to 255., is in the last
three years not less than 3,240,000/. it year.
During these and the following years, by the advance in
.he price of sugar, it was rendered unattainable to a
atrge class of consumers, and, consequently, extremely
.imited in the demand. Passing now from what has
happened in former years, I will take notice of the
Man proposed by the Right Honourable Gentleman
.he late First Lord of the Treasury, the effects of that
plan, and the views with which it was introduced.-
(Hear, hear.) The Chancellor of the Exchequer at that
time, in speaking of Java sugar, said that, observing the
price at some months to be 225., and at other times at 245.,
ae would take the average to be 20s. per cwt., which
would give a total consumption of 43,000 or 44,000 cwt.
But in the course of the year a very considerable rise
taking place, and the Gazette prices averaging in the
tour first weeks of April at 30s. a cwt.,
and in the four last weeks of December at 355. a cwt.,
the hopes of the Right Hon. Gentleman were to a great
degree disappointed. I will next take the financial
statement of the First Lord of the Treasury, who said
he considered it probable that the reduction of
the duty would equally increase the consump-
tion, which he estimated from 120,000 to
160,000 tons, giving a return of 2,240,0001.
The Right Hon. Gentleman proceeded upon the reducs
tien of sugars, and reduced the duties to the amount of
I ls. per cwt. on the colonial sugar which was more than
sufficient, but by limiting the field of supply, and raising
the duty with reference to other sugars to be admitted to
supply the market, his estimate was widely
different from the truth . With reference to the
other kinds of sugars there is the actual facts of the
case with reference to sugars from the Ist of January,
1845, to January Ist, 1846. The Right Hon. Gentle-
man calculated upon 160,000 tons of colonial sugar, the
actual consumption was 237,632 tons; sugar clayed or
equal to white clayed. The Right Honourable
Gentleman calculated upon 7,000 tons--the consump-
tion had been 1,107 foreign free-labour sugar ; the
amount estimated was 5,600 tons; the actual consumption
was 3,809 tons foreign free labour clayed, or equal to
white clayed 180,000 tons, the actual consumption only
54,000 tons. British Plantation Muscovado sugar was
estimated at 2,240,000, the actual consumption was
3,326,904, instead of 1,140,000 clayed sugar ; the
receipts were 18,000 ; the difference between fo-
reign free labour and Muscovado sugar was 116,700
and 88,000 tons. The total decrease, according
to the estimates, in the revenue received was 481,0001.
That was not the actual decrease, as a large proportion
of this sugar entered before the Right Hon. Baronet
proposed his plan, for the actual difference is only
341,529/. Now, Sir, I think these accounts are sufficient
to show that, while the Right Honourable Baronet
acted upon the principle of reducing the duty for the pur-
pose of effecting an increase in the consumption he was per-
fectly right. But it was an absolute failure when he pro•
posed to introduce different classes of sugar at differential
and high duties, and it was only there that he failed
to make up his revenue according to his estimate.
I will now proceed to state what are the !general
prospects, as obtained from various sources as to the pro-
bable supply of sugar for the coming year, taking the
statement from the.sth of April, 1846, to the sth ofApril of
1847. In the estimate which I now hold in my hand, which
[consider extreme, and by no means likely to be realized,
t is stated that the quantity of colonial sugar in ware-
house is 40,000 tons ; that statement sets forth the ac-
tual quantity, and is considerably less than the usual
amount. The estimated imports, calculated from the
sth of April, 1846, to the sth of April, 1547,
apporrtion, to the West Indies 125,000 tous ; from the
Mauritius, 50,000 tons ; and from the East Indies,
80,000 tons ; amounting in the whole to 255,000 tons,
according to this estimate ; and the most sugar which
may be expected from other foreign countries would be
20,000 tons more, making in the whole 275,000 tons, to
which 40,000 tons have to be added, giving a total
of 315,000 tons ; from this 45,000, the usual amount
must be deducted, leaving 270,000 tons. Now, Sir, I
have here various other returns with respect to the
supply of sugar for the period I have mentioned, which
appear to me to be no nearer the case than this. One
is a statement put forth by those interested in the
trade of the West Indies, which gives to the West Indies
125,000 tons, the Mauritius 50,000 tons, and the East
Indies 75,000 tons, making altogether 250,000 tons.
There is another statement with respect to refined sugars,
which apportions to the West Indies 115,000 tons, to
account, which
ritius4o,oogivOestontso, antdheto
West
est East Indies 70,000
tons, making altogether 225,000 tons. I have another
Indies 110,000
lEt ohansastv,
Indies,te
aon o t:hheer
fromM 35,000
Mauritius rit
tons,iu
persons s
making 4ens,
altogether
ogoa Og e d
n the tons, and to the
rOe Owa tons.bhoiouht
makes the whole supply 230,000 tons. Now,
230,000 tons may be taken as a fair estimate of the supply
of sugar for the forthcoming year. I have bad a statement
prepared of the effect -of the Right Honourable
Gentleman's plans, from January, 1845, to January
in the present year ; but the statement from April to
i 1
t r 8
seod:

Lord J. STUART presented a petition from Ayr,
praying for the revision of the criminal code.
Mr. M. GIBSON presented a petition from the
Chamber of Commerce of Manchester, praying for the
repeal of all ill-advised imposts on sugar, that the im-
post and export duties on colonial produce might be
abolishej, and that all restrictions on commerce might
be removed.
The consideration of the report on the Dublin Wide
Streets Bill was postponed till to-morrow, at the sugges-
tion of Mr. O'Connell.
Mr. HUDSON presented a petition in favour of the
Wisbeaeh and St, Ives Junction Railway. It was ordered
to lie upon the table.
LAW OF SETTLEMENT.
Sir GEORGE GREY presented a petition from
Devonport, praying that a residence of five years might
not confer a settlement.
TOBACCO DUTIES.
Dr. BOWRING gave notice that he would, on the
4th of August, call the attention of the Government
to the state of the tobacco duties, with a view to prevent
the smuggling which was so extensively carried on in
that article.
CHARITABLE TRUSTS BILL AND SMALL
DEBTS BILL.
Mr. STE WART gave notice that he would, on
Weduesday next, move for a Committee to
consider and report on the Charitable Trusts Bill,
and of the expediency of giving the Commissioner of the
Court of Bankruptcy a power to hear complaints, and to
investigate all charges as to the misapplication of
trusts, with the power also to call for all the accounts
of charitable trusts, with a view to their investigation.
He would also put a question to the Secretary for the
Home Department whether it was the intention of the
Government to push the Small Debts Bill, so that it
might pass this session.
Sir G. GREY said that it had been already announced
that it was the intention of the Government to pass the
Bill as soon as possible, and the Noble Lord under
whose care it was in the other House, had already fixed
as early a day as possible.
SIR ROBERT PEEL.
At this period Sir Robert Peel entered the House,
leaning on a stick ; the Right Hon. Gentleman seems to
suffer considerably from the accident which has befallei,
him. He took his seat between Sir James Graham and
the ex-Chancellor of the Exchequer. The Right Hon
Gentleman looks pale and careworn.
REGIMENTAL STAFF-OFFICERS.
Capt. LAYARD rose to ask the Right Hon. Gentlemat.
the Secretary-at-War, if it was true, as had been late])
mentioned in the military newspapers, that a new war
rant for giving an improved retiring allowance to regi-
mental staff-officers after a certain long full-pay service,
had been prepared by Mr. Sidney Herbert, and approver.
of by Mr. Goulburn, and which only required the royal
sign manual, in order that it might be promulgated to
the army ?
Mr. F. MAULE said that he found when he cam.
into office that a warrant was drawn up and prepare(
on the subject, and waited only for the royal sign
manual.
DEATH FROM FLOGGING IN THE ARMY.
Dr. BOWRING, rose pursuant to notice, to inquire
of the Secretary-at-War, whether his attention had
been called to the case of Frederick White, a private in
the 7th Royal Hussars, whose death is reported to have
been caused by severe military flogging, and whether
any steps have been taken in consequence ?
Mr. FOX MAULE said that he was glad that the
Hon. Member had brought the subject forward. The
facts of the case were simply these ;—Frederick White,
the subject of the Hon. Member's motion, was a
private in the 7th Hussars. He had been guilty
of one of the grossest acts of military insub-
ordination of which a soldier could be guilty.
While in the performance of his duty be had struck a
non-commissioned officer violently with a heavy poker,
and had not the officer perceived the intention of the
culprit, he would have received a most severe wound,
if not have been killed. He was, however,
knocked down by the blow. For this crime
be was tried on the 13th of June, by a court-
msrtial, and sentenced to receive the military punish-
ment of 1.50 lashes; that sentence was afterwards con-
firmed by his Grace the Duke of Wellington, and on
the 15th of June the sentence was carried into effect.
And lie might state the course which was pursued in the
army with respect to soldiers sentenced to be flogged ;
it was this :—whenever a soldier was sentenced to receive
punishment by court-martial a certificate, signed by the
surgeon of the regiment, was sent to the War-offiee,
stating that the person was in a fair state to undergo
punishment, so that it might not be carried into effect
unless he were in a proper state of health. On the
15th. of June, as he had stated, the punishment was
carried into effect ; and so far from any interference
having taken place by the surgeon of the regiment by de-
siring the man to be taken down, and that the commanding
officer had refused to do so, he begged distinctly to
state that there was no interference either on the part of
the surgeon or commanding officer. After receiving
punishment the man was taken to the hospital in the usual
way, where he was visited, according to the practice in
the army, by the commanding officer every day. After
remaining in the hospital some time he was reported
convalescent, and so far recovered as to have been ac-
tively engaged in " fatigue duties." He was visited by
the surgeon and commanding officer, who stated that in
two days the man would be fit for duty. On
the 16th of July Colonel Whyte received information
that the man was dangerously ill. He immediately
visited him in the hospital, and under the circumstances
he desired Dr. Warren, the surgeon of the regiment, to
report his case immediately to Sir James Macgregor, in
order that further advice might be sent down ; but in
two days afterwards the man died, and a post mortem
examination was immediately made of his body, not only
by the surgeon of the regiment, but by two other me-
dical officers deputed by the Horse Guards, and that
examination bad satisfied the public that the death of
the man had not been caused by the punishment inflicted
on him. He understood further, that the medical
officer appointed by the coroner was of the same opinion.
He had but one other observation to add. The public
seemed much horrified at a statement which had gone
abroad, that the skin on the back of the individual had
been removed. Now this statement was incorrect,
as that skin was removed after death for the
purpose of proceeding with the post mortem examination.
The subject was now in course of investigation by a
coroner's jury, and he would at the present say no more.
What he had said, however, would, perhaps, be consi-
dered enough to show that the case had been greatly
exaggerated, and that the proprietors of newspapers
would always do well to make themselves masters of the
particulars of cases like these before they alarmed the
public mind.—(llear, hear.)
THE LONDON FEVER HOSPITAL.
Mr. P. BORTH WICK, seeing the Right Hon. Baro-
net the Secretary for the Home Department in his
place, would take that opportunity of putting to that
Right lion. Gentleman the question of which he had
given notice, but which he had not had an opportunity
of putting to him the other night. He had no doubt,
from the auspicious manner in which the Right Hon.
Baronet had entered upon the performance of his duties,
that he would give a satisfactory answer to his question.
By an extract from the medical report of the London
Fever Hospital in the year 1846, it would appear that
no less than 130 patients were received into that
establishment front the Marlborough Union workhouse.
The accommodation, it would appear, was of the worst
description; between 90 and 100 men were crowded into
a room only thirty feet nine inches long and twenty feet
wide. The question which he should put to the Right
Hon. Baronet was, whether this matter had been at all
brought under his consideration, and, if so, whether he
had taken the necessary steps to compel the Com-
missioners of the Poor-law to do their duty in that im-
portant department? It was most clear that much injury
was suffered by the paupers, who had to seek relief in the
metropolitan workhouses, and much injury was done to
those who lived in the neighbourhood of the hospital in
question.
Sir G. GREY said that in consequence of the state-
ment which the Honourable Gentleman had re-
ferred to having appeared in a public newspa-
per a few days ago, he communicated
with
the Poor-law Commissioners on the subject. He under-
stood from them that the statement about the size of
the room was untrue. However the Commissioners
would shortly present a report on the subject of the
allegations, and when that was presented he would bring
it bet* $llO UMW, to hoped, 19teyer, the guardians

April givrs 250,000 tons. I think we cannot say,

the duties
according Ito that statement, supposing
were to be nominally what they were last year,
that there was less than 20,000 tons of increased con_
sumption. There was a statement made by the Right
Ron. Gentleman at the commencement of this year,

when he stated his general plan with regard to the
trade and finances of the covaatry, in which he proposed

THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, JULY 20, 1846.

that there should be a reduction on free labour sugar
to 19s. 10d. from 235., but that the duty
on all foreign sugar shonld remain the same.
Now, Sir, I have an extract from a circular, published at
Liverpool, and which is dated Feb. 2, 1846. It says,
" The effect of the alteration in the sugar duties will be a
reduction of 3s. 6d. per cwt. for foreign free-labour sugar.''
I believe that statement made by a person of experience
in trade, and which is thoroughly bore out by the fact
that you will be disappointed in obtaining an increase
in the revenue proportionate to the increase in
the consumption of sugar ou which a heavy tax
is paid. Now, let it be borne in mind,
that supposing the consumption is 250,000 tons, there
will be a tax upon the people of this country, under
present circumstances, of I,soo,oool.—(Hear, hear)—
and that is a tax which does not flow into the Ex-
chequer.—(Hear, hear.) I should, therefore, be na-
turally disposed to propose the admission of other
foreign sugars into the markets of this country
to supply the deficiency under which we at present suffer
very materially. But, sir, we are met by au objection
which has hitherto prevailed upon this Ilousa, contrary
to the ssytem which has prevailed during the last four
or five years, but which has not prevailed here during the
present year, viz., that the people of this country
should not be allowed to buy in the cheapest market.
There is also another principal objection raised ry_ainst
the removal of the duties on sugar, and that is,
that if all sugar was admitted free into this coun-
try, we should be encouraging the slave trade,
and that there are other considerations which
outweigh all financial and commercial views, viz , those
which are connected with the comtort and weltare of the
people at large. Sir, in examining that argument which
I do not propose to do at any lengh, I will first point
out what I think to be the weakest part of it.
That argument fails, because while you refuse admis-
sion to your home markets of the sugars from foreign
countries you place no such barrier on the admission of
other productions—of cottons, tobacco, copper, and
various other things which are produced by slave labour;
and, therefore, Sir, you do not actually carry into effect
or even pretend to carry into effect those humane views
which persons who are most opposed to the admission
of slave produce consistently maintain. I hold in my
hand a circular with respect to the sugar duties.
After pointing out the increase which had taken place
in the produce of cotton from 1790 to 1845, the paper
proceeds to call down the indignation of all moralists
against slavery. But the paper omits one important
point. It states no reason why the United States should
be excepted from the principle of exclusion.—(Hear,
hear.) Now, nobody can have forgotten the elo-
quent statements that were made iu this House a short
time back by a Right Hon. Friend who sits near me,
with respect to the slavery and the slave trade.—(Hear,
hear.) I mean the Right Honourable Gentle-
men, the Member for Edinburgh. Nobody can deny
the force of the observations which he made,
or the facts which he then stated. We admit a
large quantity of the produce of America, and thus, to
certain extent, held out an encouragement to the slave
trad; but, to preserve our consistency upon this subject,
we ought to say to the United States, "we will not admit
your produce until you solve the problem which now oc-
cupies the attention of the Anti-Slavery Society, of how
emancipation shall be brought about in the United
States." In fact, for the same reason that they ex-
cluded sugar they ought to shut out American cotton.
The same thing may be said with regard to many other
articles. With regard to copper ore slave labour is
freely mentioned in the production of that article, and
yet we do not exclude it from our markets.—(Fjear.)
Such is your position if you proceed on this exceptionary
rule in regard to the produce of foreign countries. But
you have not been able to keep this ground in your
dealings with these countries. You have not been able to
supply yourselves only from your colonies, in which slavery
does not exist, or from countries where free labour alone
exists.—(Hear, hear.) And in increasing your sup-
plies, you have been under the necessity of admitting
sugar from the countries where slavery, or something
approaching it, does exist, in order to meet the wants
of the markets of this country.—(Hear, hear,
hear.) In your dealings with these countries
you have not been able to carry out the principle
on which your :present law is founded. You have not
been able to inquire what is the peculiar state of society
in Java, or whether it is not a state of slavery, something
at least approaching to it. What the particular state of
society is in Manilla, you have equally failed in in-
quiring into. In obtaining a larger supply of sugar
from tin se countries, you hate not ventured to act on
those principles of law upon which you have proposed
to act, but you admitted their produce on the faith of
the treaties you had with them ; you have admitted their
produce as the produce of the most favourned nations,
and in competition with the produce of free
labour.—(Hear, hear.) I say you have admitted the
sugar of these countries, and though the qaantity intro-
duced may not huve been great, still you have backed
out of the strict principle which you have laid down.
There can be no doubt of this. But in doing this you have
refused to Spain the advantages which you have given
to other countries. Spain claimed under the treaty
with her the right of sending produce to this
country on the footing of the most forward nations
You have, in agreement with your principle
been obliged to do, though the act, I am
bound to say, does not redound much to the
honour of a great country like this.—(hear, hear.)
It was shown by the Spanish Ministers two years ago,
that within the last ten years Spain has claimed the
benefit of the treaty of being admitted on the footing
of the most favoured nations, but it has been repeatedly
refused.—(Hear, hear.) On this subject I cannot but be
of opinion that although the treaty with that country
might not shortly warrant its produce being admitted on
the most favourable terms, yet that the principle of the
most favoured nation ought to have been applied to it.
The same principle ought to have been applied to the fish-
eries of the two countries, at Newfoundland and elsewhere.
If the salt fish of England, then the salt-fish of Spain
must be refused alio; and the same rule must be applied
to the salt-fish of France. The Spanish Minister
said that he acknowledged the principle, but he said
also that these treaties required to be revised by
the different eountries. That is the sum and
substance of the conversation between the Ministers
of England and Spain, proving sufficiently that
the opinions of English and Spanish Ministers were
against that state of things. Now, when persons
stand up for a permanency in these duties,
they must endeavour to find excuses for
their opinions. But there are further and more
vital objections against the admission of slave
sugar. They do, to a certain degree, diminish
the price of free-trade sugar even in Great
Britain ; but the resources of commerce
are injured, but yet the spirit of commerce is too ener-
getic to be bound by the stipulations on this question.
But what do the merchants do ? They endeavour
to find markets in other countries ; they search
Europe ; they coast the Mediterranean; they reach
Petersburgh and other places, and in this way
they find markets for their slave-grown produce.
Now, Sir, this affects our markets, it may be
in a very inconvenient way, and attended with a good
deal of loss to English commerce ; but still it does away I
with the objection so often urged, namely, that no em-
ployment is given by England to the cultivation
of Cuba and Brazilian sugar. I see it sometimes said—
popularly said that this slave-grown sugar
is the produce of tyranny the produce
of crime—that it is so much stolen material,
so much stolen goods, which it is asked
us to consume. This is very well, but what would be
thought of a person who would come with a quantity of
stolen sugar, stolen from an adjoining warehouse,
who would come to a shopkeeper and offer it
for sale. The shopkeeper would say, " Why, these are
stolen goods ; I cannot buy them, but I have a
neighbour who has no scruples. I will direc
you to him, and he will buy ; I can pur.
chase from him again with the full drawback.'

and by this proceeding the whole morality of the pro-
ceedings is lost.—(Hear, hear.) I therefore, Sir, fcr
these several reasons on which I will not further

dwell, hold that the ground which has been
hitherto taken by the Governments of this

country has not been the correct one—(flear, hear) ;
and that we must in this instance, as in the propositions
of the late government, adopt the principle of re-
moving all restriction, and of admitting the
people of this country to the best and cheap-
est markets ; and acting on the principle
we must admit the sugar of foreign countries into the
United Kingdom. But, Sir, while I say that you have
no sufficient grounds any longer to refuse to the people
of this country that benefit,

COMMONS SUMMARY.

The House met at Four o'clock.

After the transaction of private business,

Mr. F. MAuLE, in answer to Dr. BOWRING, explained
the circumstances attending the flogging and subsequent
death of Frederick White, late of the 7th hussars.
The House having resolved itself into a Committee of
Ways and Means,

Lord JonN RUSSELL rose to state th 9 course which
the Government proposed to pursue as regards the
Sugar Duties. 'Had the Government been disposed to
COZtoiat their own me, they nail 139 t bare wanted

plausible reasons for postponing the consideration of the
question of the Sugar Duties. But the public which
spent 12,000,0001. a-year in sugar suffered much from
the increased price of that article, the revenue also suffered
and it was most desirable for the interests of trade and
commerce to endeavour to come to some permanent
settlement of the question. The high price of sugar in
this country had long been the subject of complaint, in-
asmuch as it rendered the consumption of sugar impos •
sible to the poorer classes, and at the same time, in con-
sequence of the diminution of supply, diminished the
revenue. The price had risen, during some
parts of last year, to 7s. above the price calcu-
lated on by the late Chancellor of the Exche-
quer, while the revenue from the sugar duties
had been actually less, by 341,5291., than the amount
estimated by the Eight lion. Gentleman; and this en
tirely owing to the deficient supply consequent upon the
supply not having been drawn from a sufficiently exten-
sive area. The Noble Lord then proceeded to state
the prospect of the supply of sugar for the coming year,
which he estimated at 230,000 tons. An increased sup-
ply was necessary, and whence were they to look for
this increased supply. The reduction of duties on free-
labour sugar alone, would produce very little effect
as the quantity of foreign free-iabour sugar to be
obtained was of very little importance. Now, upon
the present consumption, an increase of price of
6s. only, would be a tax upon the public 1,600,000/,
which would not go to the State. He would propose,
therefore, the admission of other foreign sugars,
to supply the deficiency ; but here they were
met by the objection that the admission
of foreign sugar would encourage slavery,
and the said considerations should overbalance all
financial and commercial views, and all considerations
of the welfare of the people, but that
ar-
gument failed of completeness while they
admitted tobacco, cotton, and other productions of slave
labour, and therefore they did not even pretend to carry
into effect the humane views which those opposed to
the consumption of slave labour produce entertained.
The members of the Anti-Slavery Committee, however,
were consistent, for they denounced the consumption of
slave• labour cotton as most immoral ; and yet if it were
proposed before we would admit Ameriean cotton
wool to call upon the United States to solve the tre-
mendous problem of slavery, it would be considered
as absolute insanity. The same argument ap•
plied to copper ore, and various other articles;
The policy of excluding slave labour sugar would be
therefore incomplete; but, more than that, they were
obliged to admit slave states with which they had trea-
ties of reciprocity to compete with free labour
states in the market. They bad besides been obliged to
refuse to Spain the benefits of the commercial treaties
concluded with her, and that on principles not
very honourable to a great nation. He could
not help thinking that the principle contended for
by Spain was contained in the treaty of Utrecht. It
was certainly unfortunate that in their pursuit
of humanity they should be forced to evade
the obligations of treaties. But there was a
further defect in these attempts to exclude
slave labour sugar. The merchants sent this sugar to
other markets, and thence obtained supplies which they
might dispose of in the English market, and thus
obtain English manufactures for the supply of the slave
employer, and thus they failed to prevent the slave-
owner from getting a market for his produce. In these
reasons he held that the ground which had been
hitherto taken was not tenable, and that pro-
ceeding upon the principle which they had adopted with
regard to other commodities, they must admit the sugar
of the world to the markets of the United King-
dom. He must admit, however, that there
were reasons forbidding that immediate equalisation
The West India body most justly urged the great change
produced by the emancipation of their slaves, and the
losses they had sustained in consequence, and the inter-
ference of this country to prevent their obtaining a
suhply of free labour as reasons against this immediate
equalization, and these reasons sere entitled to
grea considerations, there were likewise finan-
cial reasons against any sudden and ab-
rupt change. lie should, therefore, propose a
complete withdrawal of the present prohibitory
duty on slave-labour sugar, and then a very
slight alteration from year to year, until the duties
should be equalized. He would propose, at once, to
reduce the duty on all foreign Muscovado sugar to 21s.
percwt., to be diminished from sth July 1847, to sth July
1848, to 90s. ; from sth July, 1849, to 18s. 6d.; from 1850,
to 17s. ; from 1851, to 15s. 6d.; and that from the sth Ju

1852, the duty on all sugars, foreign and colonial, should
be 14s. The reduction of a clayed and refined sugar
would be in similar proportion, and would be diminished
likewise from year to year. The West Indians
complained of the interference of the Government in
preventing the immigration of Hill Coolies. Now he
proposed that the Coolies should have permission to emi-

grate on certain conditions. He also proposed to
diminish the differential duties on rum from Is. 6d. to
Is. The West Indians also asked that molasses
should be permitted to be used. Breweries of
distilleries, but there were such practical difficulties in
the way of acceeding to that request, that he could not
comply with it. _

[LEFT srEAuNG..I

STATE OF TRADE.

ENGLISH WOOL MARKET.—LEEDS, JULY 1 7.—The
demand for wool is still confined to the immediate re-
quirements of the manufacturers. In prices we do not
quote any alteration of moment this week, although the
tendency is downward.
FOREIGN WOOL TRADE,--LEEDS, JULY 1 7.—A full
average business has been done in foreign wools this
week, and recent rates are very firmly maintained.
YORK WOOL MARKET, JULY 16.—This market con-

tinues to be well supplied with wool, and a steady busi-
ness doing, at prices nominally the same as last re-
ported.
BRADFORD MARKET, THURSDAY.—WOOL.—The busi-
ness doing is still limited, and as the prices in the coun-
try have not been such as will meet the rates current
here, it is more than probable the supply in the market
will not be so ample as at present. YARNS.—There is
an average business doing in general numbers of weft
yarns, but we do not learn of any improvement in prices.
PIECES.—The buyers, both for home trade and export,
are extending their purchases, and a fair business has
been done.

TRADE OF MANCHESTER, THURSDAY EVENING.—
We are, if anything, progressing, though slowly, in the
right direction in our cloth market. Confidence is daily
on the increase, seeing there is now all but a certainty
that the harvest will be both early and abundant. Our
home merchants are quite sanguine that flourishing
times are at hand. The market closes to day very firm,
and even buoyantly. Spinners of low numbers find a
brisk sale at rather higher rates, and all numbers are
firm and in fair request.

THE LATE MAJOR-GENERAL
M`CASKILL, K.C.B.
(From the Perthshire Courier,)
The late Major-General Sir John M'Caskill, K. C. 8., who
died gloriously in the bloody engagement at Moodkee, on the
18th of December last, was a native of the Isle of Syke, the
birth-place of many gallant heroes. Sir John M'Caskill was
the last of four excellent brothers, three of whom died in the
military servics of their Sovereign and country. By his
death his father's family became extinct, except two
sisters, who still reside in their native island. These
amiable ladies, whose moral worth render them worthy of
being sisters of their gallant deceased brother, were litie-
-1 rally supported by a hands;)me annuity which he duti-
fully allowed to each. Their prospects at his death
were, indeed, gloomy in the extreme, as they had no
friend k of whom to claim support, and no resources
whatever to depend upon fur their maintenance. They had
no legal claim on Government, as their gallant brother left
a widow and family to be supported by the public funds.
hopeless;distressingeada-nqudarters, th ereanvd,erael although
it Theirw as caseearly w
representedvourable replies, on account o I the stringent regulations o
as alike
at h
the War-office. The Rev. Alexander Macgregor, of Kilinuir,
deeply sympathising with their afflicted condition, took the
liberty of representing it by letter to Sir R. Peel, on the 18th
of June. The appeal was not made in vain, and the result
affords an illustrious display of the worthy Baronet's humane
and generous heart. The following communications, in the
hand-writing of Sir R. Peel, are full of interest :
" Whitehall, June 29, 1846.
" Sir Robert Peel presents his compliments to the kiev.
Alexander 111‘Gregor, and begs leave to inform hire, that Sir
Robert Peel has had great satisfaction in recommending to
the Queen that pensions to the amount of 501. each shall be
granted to the Miss M'Caskills, in consideration of the gallant
service of their brother, the late Sir John M'Caskill, and of
his death on the field of battle."

" " Whitehall, June 29, 1816.
Sir Robert Peel presents his compliments to the Miss
M•Caskills, and has great satisfaction in informing them that
the Queen has been graciously pleased, on the recommenda-
tion of Sir Robert Peel, to grant to the Miss M`Caskills pen-
sions of 504 each, on the civil list, for their lives."

ALTERATION IN THE NAMES OF STREETS.—The fol-
lowing streets have lately received different names from
what they have generally been known by, causing a great
deal of confusion to strangers, as well as the miscarriage of
parcels, letters, &c. We therefore subjoin the more recent of
the alterations, for the information and guidance of our
readers :--Charlotte-street, Bedford-square, and Plumtree-
street, Holborn, are now called Bloomsbury-street; Hanover-
street, Long-acre, Belton-street, and the Bowl-yard, are now
united, and called Endell-street ; Petticoat-lane, Whitecba-
pel, now bears the name of Midd:esex-street ; Water-lane,
Flcet-street, is now called Whitefziars-street ; Monmouth-
street, St. Giles's, is now Dudley-street; Leg-aillefovefanLngr: Long-
acre, is now Langley-court; and Phonix-alley
,s.
splace ; and
e
Hanover-
court; Shire-lane, Fleet-street, is Lower Seri
Charles-street, Covent -g trden, is now called Wellington-
street North.
TuE lIARvEST.—The wheat
begun in this neighbourhood, but, in generallyhia 3
dyed of ainost healthy
been suspended, the straw, c saormv home
1 instances it
it allo ill be
colour, being much forwarder than
been the tipetaiiiz of the
continue to hold off. We
should the rain
rtlbi,eligiaratin. So rapid has
ready neat week
have not hoard fiay dea"•onc
atonic*. y of labottforo.--7Chanmford