The Sun.
London, England, 1846-08-05 00:00:00

-
No. 16,810. LON DON, NV_E_DNE:3DA
r••• r
• 1,
,11!". th.

EXETER, YEOVIL, AND DORCHESTER
RAILWAY. •
The Committee of the House of Lords having reported that they
are of opinion that " a Direct Line of Railway from Exeter to
Salisbury by Yeovil is required, hut that the Bills In their present
state should not be proceeded with this session;' the Committee of
Management beg to inform the Shareholders of the Exeter, Yeovil,
and Dorchester Railway Company, that arrangements will be made
with the London and South-Weidern Railway Company for carrying
out therrecommendation of the House of Lords.
JOIIN CLENCH, Secretary.
13, Bedford-circus, Exeter, August 1,1846.

THE - NORTHERN COUNTIES UNION
RAILWAY.
_ _

Incorporated July 27, 1846.
NOTICE to the PROPRIETORS of ORIGINAL LEEDS and
CARLISLE SHARES.

The Directors having resolved to equalise the amount of deposits
paid on the different Scrip Shares jn the Northern Counties Union
Railway Company, hereby give notice to the holders of Original
Leeds and Carlisle 'Scrip, that- they may rec -ive the ems of One
Pound Two Shillings and Sixpence upon each share of 251., on the
registration of the same.
The Office of the Company, at No. I, Poets' Corner. will he open
every day, from Eleven to Four o'clock, until tbrty-eight hours pre-
vious to the general meeting, on the 25th of August, for the purpose
of registration.

By order of the Board,
CHAS. LOCOCK WEBB, Secretary.

THE No RTHERN COUNTIES UNION
RAILWAY. (Late YORKSHIRE and GLA.i.GOW UNION,
and YORK and CARLISLE.)
Incorporated 27th July, 1846.
FIRST GENERAL ItEETING.
'Notice to Shareholders.

Notice is hereby given, that the Act of Parliament for the Incor-
poration of this Company, having oa the 27th of July last, received
the Royal Assent, the FIRST GENERAL MEETING of the
SHAREHOLDERS (required under "The Cempnnles' Clauses Con-
solidation Act," to be held within One Month from the passing of
the Special Act), is appointed to take place at the London Tavern,
llishopsgate-street, London, on TUESDAY, the 25th day of August, at
One o'clock. • • - • _

One or other of the following conditions must be complied with to
entitle the Shareholders to be admitted to the Meeting :

Ist. They must have signed the Yorkshire and Glasgow Union or
the York and Carlisle Deed, and must produce and leave at the same
ti •ne for registration, the identical Scrip for which they signed.
2nd. Parties who have not signed the Deeds, but who have bought
Scrip or Shares, must idfirtefitatelY deposit or have the same deposited
at this Office, or at the Company's Office in Leyburii, Yorkshire, or
at the Company's Office in Kendal, Westmoreland, for registration;
and such Scrip cannot be received at either Office later than forty-
eight hours preceding the Meeting.
3rd. Parties who have sold Scrip for which they signed the Deeds.
and have purchased and now hold other Scrip, must observe the
second condition.
4th. Parties who hold Leeds and Carlisle unstamped Scrip or
Allotment Letters, 'in either the Leeds and Carlise, the Yorkshire
and Glasgow, or the York and Carlisle Companies, must also observe
the second condition.
Shareholders to whom it may not be convenient to attend and vote
at the meeting on the 25th of August. can vote by proxy, and upon
communicating to me their desire so to vote, a form of proxy will
be forwarded to them. Such proxy, however, duly signed, must 1.):
lodged at this office atleast forty-eight hours preceding the meeting.
By order of the Board,
CHAS. LOCOCK WEBB, Secretary.
Company's Offices, 1, Poet's-corner, Westminster, July 31, 1846.
FORM FOR REGISTRATION OF SCRIP. •
I herewith deposit Scrip, viz.:—
Shares in the original Leeds and Carlisle.
Shares in the Yorkshire an,l Glasgow Union.
Shares in the York and Carlisle.

For
For
And for

And I claim to be registered as the proprietor of the said shares.
subject to the general rules, regulations, conditions, and orders of the
Northern Counties Union railway Company.
I request to have sealed certificates in exchange, in which describe
me as follows :

Christian Name .. •• • • • • • • • • • •
Surname ••
Designation .••••.....
Usual Signature • - • • • • .. • • • • • •
Dated this , IS4
To the Secretary of the Northern Counties Union Railway,
1, Poet's•corner, Westminster.
N.B. In transmitting Scrip, it is particularly requested that the
words " Forwarded for R.( gistratiou." may be written across the
face of the Certificate.

At full length.

N ATIONAL LOAN FUND LIFE ASSUR-
ANCE SOCIETY,
2G, CORNHILL LONDON.
Capital £500,000.
Empowered by Act of Parliament.
This Institution embraces important and substantial advantages
with respect to Life Assurances and Deferred Annuities. The assured
has, on all occasions, the power to borrow, without expense or for-
feiture of the Policy, two-thirds of the premiums paid (see Table) ;
also the option of selecting benefits, and the conversion of his in-
terests to meet other conveniences or necessity.
Assurances for terms of years arc granted on the lowest possible
rates.

DIVISION OF PROFITS.
The remarkable success and increasing prosperity of the Society
has enabled the Directors, at the last annual investigation, to declare
a fourth bonus, varying from 35 to 85 per cent. on the premiums paid
on each Policy effected on the Profit scale.

LEGAL and GENERAL LIFE ASSURANCE
SOCIETY.
Notice is hereby given, that an EXTRAORDINARY GENERAL
MEETING will be held at the house of the Society, No. 10, Fleet-
street, London, on T.IIFSDAT. the 25111 day cf Autust instant, at One
o'clock., for the purpose of ta•cing into consideration certain clauses of
the deed of settlement which have been recommended for amend-
ment by an Extraordinary Board of Directors.
By order of the Board
T. It. EDMONDS, Actuary.

pOYAL .POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION.
IL, A CHEMICAL LECTURE, by Dr. Ryan, gaily, and on
the Evenings of Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays. Professor
Bachhotiner's LECTURES on NATURAL PHILOSOPHY, with
6rilliant experiments, daily. NIACINTOSH'S REVOININ;; EN-
GIN-E.. COLEMAN'S PATENT LOCOMOTIVE ENGINE for as-
cending and descending Inclined Planes. FARRELL'S ARCH
EDIAN RAILWAY. The ATMOSPHERIC RAILWAY, all in
action. HALLETTE'S ATMOSPHERIC RAILWAY VALVE.
The OPAQUE MICROSCOPE. The OXY-lIYI)ROGEN MICROS-
COPE, exhibiting a fine Collection of Living Objects. A beautiful
Picture of the CHAPEL in the CONVENT CATHERINE,
near Jerusalom, by Mr. Charles Smith, is one of the Series of DIS-
SOLVING VIEWS.

Admission, Is. ; Schools, Half-price.

COLORED .PHOTOGRAPHIC PORTRAITS.
" We have been much pleased with the inspection of some
portraits taken by Mr Beard. A great improvement has been
effected. The portraits noit, exhibit a degree of boldness, aod stand
out with a relief greatly desiderated In all the earliest specimens of
the art ; while the method of colouring renders them agreeable and
lily-lik."—Times.
Mr. Beard's Establishments, 85, King William-street, City; 34,
Parliament-street, Westminster; and the Royal. Polytechnic Insti-
tution, Regent-street.

_REGISTERED
andP7AvLETOT
ictor;a, cap.6osf LLAMA
CLOTH, 6Patronised by the Prince Consort, Prince George of Cambridge, the
Duke of Wellington, and the following distinguished visitors to this
country :—The Emperor of Russia, the King of Prussia, the King of
lielgium, the King of Saxony, the King or Holland, Prince William
of Prussia, and further honoured by the • ntiuued patronage of all
who seek an unaffected gentlemanly appearance. The cloth is
made of Llama Wool, a fabric most agreeably soft and elastic to the
;ouch, and is one-third the weight of ordinary woollen clothes, but it
corresponds in shades of colour. It is very durable, and naturally a
cepellent of rain, yet so porous as to admit of a due escape of exces-
sive bodily heat. These advantages, with the very moderate price
charged, renders the Registered Paletot worthy the attention.of all.
They can be purchased in Lonat,,,, ..1 the P.ltutiteuz only, at their
Warcroorn4, 114, Regent-street, and 22, Cornhill,

IIEDICA.TED (by permission) to his Grace the
JILY Most Noble HUGH DUKE and -EARL of NORTHUM-
BERLAND, K.G., &c.
MAP of the PARISH of TWICKENHAM. MIDDLESEX.

Mr. WARREN respectully announces that he intends publishing
a map of this parish upon a scale of six chains to an inch, showing
every piece of land of a quarter of an acre and upwards, with a refer-
ence containing the names of the proprietors and the quantity and
description of each piece; its size will be four feet by two feet six
inches, and as it will always form an importatlt and interesting docu-
ment, both from the information it conveys and the associations it
will create, Mr. W. hopes to be honoured with the patronage of the
nobility and the public. Amount of subscription for the rtait and
reference will be one guinea. - . -

Names of subscribe;s received by Mr. Warren, Isleworth, Land
Surveyor and Draughtsman (by appointment) to his Royal Highness
the Duke of Cambridge.

Just published, price 55.,
FRANKS on URINO-GENITAL DISEASES.
Part I. On Gonorrhwa and Gleet, exemplifying the influence
of a Scrofulous or Scorbutic state of system in producing those Morbid
Secretions, arid showing that the true nature of their diseased action
is irritative, not inflammatory.
Published by the Author, 90, Blackfriars-road, Lendon.

The Third Edition, just published, price ss.
APRACTICAL. TREATISE on STRICTURE
of the URETHRA ; its Causes, Varieties, and Cure ; by AN
IMPROVED METHOD. of TREATMENT, of such efficacy, that
by Its adoption UrethratContractions that had resisted for periods
varying from ten to twenty years, all the ordinary means of cure,
have been in a few weeks completely and permanently removed.
The mode of cure is illustrated by numerous cases, showing every
peculiarity incidental to each variety of stricture to which the
Urethra is liable, and the modifications in the treatment consequent
thereon. 14y F. B. COURTENAY,
Published and Sold by H. Bailliere, Medical Bookseller, 219, Regent-
street, London; Messrs. Maclachlan, Stewart, and Co. Edinburgh;
W. Strong, Bristol; dges and Smith, and Famin and Co., Dublin ;
Simms and Denham, Manchester ; W. Grapel, Liverpool; and all
Booksellers in town and country.

WORKS by ROBERT J. CULITERWELL, M.D. M.11.C.5. &c.
One Shilling each, by post One and Sixpence.
1.
ON SINGLE and MARRIED LIFE:
(An Original Medical History.)
CONTENTS:
Analysis of the Affections—Early Conventional Restraint—Mis-
direction—Marital Anticipations and Realities—Laws of Paternity--
aternal Influenee—Phenomena of Gestation—On Infelicitous and
Infertile Unions—Incongruous Alliances—Late Marriages—Love
:Matches—Curiosities 01 Twenty-three Years' Medical Experience,
&c. &c. 2,
On CHASTITY and its INFRINGEMENTS,
(An Essay for 1846.)
"Of human ills and frailties I discourse,
Those taught by nature, and by art acquirM.
Of gr'efs conceal'd, and disappointments keen,
Which young and gentle, the matured and sage,
The lonely and :he mated—all sustain.
• In kindly spirit, h: rein counsel's giiness v'n,
to
How kealth, how hope, how happ gain."

3.
WHAT in EAT, DRINK, and AVOID
With Diet Tables forall Complaints.
Contents:—How to ensure perfect digestion, tranquil eelings, a
good night's rest, a clear head, and a contented mind. By an ob-
servance of the instructions herein containeC .the feeble, the ner-
vously delicate, even to the most shattered constitution, may acquire
the greatest amount of physical happiness, and reach in health the
full period of life alleitted to man.
" How we should live—•what eat, what drink, what shun,
. To reach in health full threescore years and ten."
These interesting little volumes, although bearing upon subjects of
very delicate import, as their titles imply, will be found of immea-
surable anti general utility, for they tell of matters every living crea-
ture able to understan I ought to know, but which information in
these enlightened times, except that quality promulgated through
questionable channels, is at a very terrible discount.
In the exposition htreby offered of the till now hidden truths of
nature, of human disappointments and their ways of relief, it is not
contended that every reader shall become his or her own physician
any more than their own lawyer, but it is Insisted upon that we
should know the simple principles of our owu organization, the laws
whereby our existence and the issue thereof in their several healthy
states depend, the duties that are expected of us in our individual
capacities in the family circle, and the terms on which the health and
happiness of the present and future race of mankind have to rely.
By such knowledge, and which Is herein faithfully imparted,
health will be found to be in our own keeping, and happiness
within the attainment of all ; by the availment hereof in fulfilling
our duty to ourselves, we secure the like advantages on our offspring
to follow, and finally by the cultivation )f our faculties, which is in-
consistent with degenerate health, the mind as well as the body may
be exalted to the summit of perfection, as best becomes the highest
of God's creations.
The author's justification for this seeming eulogy of his own writ-
ings, and the avowal of their integrity at' purpose, must be measured
by their perusal—his accredited qualifications guarantee that the
topics broached h►volve his legitimate study and pursuit.
To be had of -herwood, 23, Paternoster-row ; Carvalha, 147,
Fleet-street ; Hannay, 63, Oxford• street ; Mann, 39, Cornhffl ; or
direct from the Author, 21, Arundel-street, Strand, who may be ad-
vised personally on these matters daily till Three, and in the Ever-
ngs from Seven till Nine.

MONSTER RHUBARB LEAF.
We have received at our office the largest specimen of
leaf from the rhubarb plant that has, perhaps, ever been
grown in this country. It was cut on Sunday evening from
the garden of Mr. bean, of Carrington, nearly ten miles
from Alanchester. To afford our readers some notion of the
extraordinary dimensions of this vegetable curiosity, we
may mention that, from the extremity of the stalk to the
opposite edge of the leaf, it measures no less than five feet !
The circumference of the stein is eight inches; the length
of the stem is two feet and a half ; the diameter of one
of the ribs of the leaf is an inch and three-quarters;
the length of the central rib one yard and eight
inches; and tile circumference of the leaf itself upwards of
eleven yards and a half! From these calculations some con-
ception may be formed of the solidity and weigh of this very
wonderful piece of Nature's handicraft. In ancient times it
might have screened several millions of elves from the moon-
Learns; supposing those luxurious gentlemen ever condesc..ended
to di Tort themselves in aki tch en-garden ! If Beckmann's word
can be received as a voucher, two thousand six hundred
florins have been given for a single tulip; and if the price of
vegetation increase proportionably with its bulk, we conceive
this specimen would defy the jewels of the grand Sultaun and
the bullion of the Bank of England. Chopped up and trans-
formed into a rhubarb pudding, this single stern would baffle
the mastication of a Brobdignag.

THE LASH.—EXPOSURE OF THE PERSON AND TOR-
TURE—" Two AGONIES LN ONIC."—If the Government do
not take speedy warning the spread of reading and intelli-
gence will reach the soldiery to such an extent as (coupled
with their knowledge of the sympathies of the public being
with them against this beastly punishment of torture, and
possible manslaughter or homicide) will goad them to a
secret understanding among themselves, which, watching its
opportunity, will some day place us of a sudden, and when
we least expect it, or are prepared for it, in the midst of a
social revolution ! It only needs a martinet man-flayer to
procure for a soldier, who is a favourite with his comrades, a
sentence of exposure and flagellation—his comrades resent its
unjustness—demur—murmur—refuse to carry it out, or
to permit it to be earth d out :—they are mutineers I
—Another regiment is called in to butcher—to fire upon,
or sabre them—this other regiment refuses to do so—and
then, not only military flogging is abolished for ever, but,
God grant that, with such a mode of abolition, military
license do not spring op too, and the social fabric fall to
pieces at once and, perhaps, for ever! We describe not this
possibility—probability will be the fitter name, as time goes
on and intelligence spreads a thousandfold with it—from
any desire to produce it, but with the opposite desire of era-
dicating am! abolishing for ever an irritant, an exasperant of
blood and ignominy, which, otherwise, sooner or later, will
infallibly produce a catastrophe, The torture of the lash is
the combustible matter, now in an exposed situation, which
a mere spark will some day ignite and explode ! We would
ask for the new Government a fair trial ; but if, at starting,
they commit a capital crime against all notions of humanity
and social improvement, by defending the use of the accursed
lash, we shall pray for their doom to he sealed, and their days
to be numbared.—Hood's Magazine for August.
MEssna. NICOLL. THE COURT TAILORS, OF REGENT-
S'S:UM—Tile extensive workshops used by them, In making the
itegist,r Paletot and affording room for three hundred' hands, all
lighted with skylights, have been much injured, but which has not
extended further than the destructleu of glass, the goods having
been expeditiously removed.

ORIGIN AND PROGRESS OF THE

CAFFER WAR.
(From a private Correspondent of the Nortitett Whig)
Cape Town, Nay 15.
You will have seen that we are at war with eir Caffer•
or, to write more correctly, our Kafir, neighbours, who
lie along our North-Eastern boundary.
There is no good map iifthe Cape eoleny. Arrow-
smith's, and that published by the Useful
people, are both incorrect. Our boundary, however, is
the Great Fish River and the Kat River on the east.
In 1819, we had advanced our limits to the Ker Kamma
River, farther up. But the chiefs and ficiple had
been allowed to settle westward of Keis Kienma, and
had remained there until in the course of ime com-
plaints of depredations on the colonists became so held
and general that a partial expulsion of sone of the
tribes was determined upon. The teetvatre wig carried
into effect with some severity. and at a season (f the year
unfavourable to the Kafirs. They resented the clearance
like Tipperary boys. • But they nursed their wrath.
and kept it warm. until they had matinee! their
designs, and extended their confederacy ; and then, in
December, 1834,. they rushed in .numb--rs ' into the
colony, burning, plundering, and rnurdeving,right and
left. Sir Benjamin D'Urban, then Goverror (under
whom Sir Harry Smith, who won the battle of Aliwal.
the other day, then served), hastene I to the frontier,
called out the inhabitants, collected a large force,
gradually worked the Kafirs out of the colon!, fellowed
them over the boundary, and at length granted them
terms of peace, by which a new presvinco was added to
the Cape colony, the eastern boundary of which then
became the Great Kye River. Lord Glenelg, taking an
unfavourable view of the causes of the war and believing
it, though apparently aggressive on the part of the
Kafirs, to have been, in reality, defensive, rescinded the
D'Urban policy, and ordered that the territory teem en
the Keir Kamma and the Kye should be unconditionally
aba,ncioned, and that the space between the Grel.. Fish
River and the Keis gamma Ihe ti..iutrel
~aue(tmes theeedua teirite.ry),
.be
surrendered to the occupation of the Kafirs, who con-
sented to receive it as a boon, and to regard it as subject
to resumption by the colony, in case of had behaviour.
The conduct of Lord Glenelg, in thus undoing what Sir
Benjamin D'Urban had done, is even yet a subject of
fierce contention in the colony. But the immense ma-
jority are against him; and, for my own part, looking
at the matter after a ten years' experience, I think his
conduct was unwise. He applied to the lands in ques-
tion English ideas of ownership, inapplicable to the
Kafirs and the nature of their occupation. They are,
themselves, like every other tribe in South Africa, upon
ground which their old men remember the time they
took possession of. Their desceat is not clearly traced,
but they are not the aborigines. They found in those ter-
ritories the Hottentots, who had exterminated the Bush-
mans; and the peculiar click of the horrid Hottentot
tongue has been, to some extent, adopted by their con
querore, whose original language (judgine; from such
kindrel dialects as I have heard spoken), was tor-
mented by no such miserable sound. And in his
estimate of the Kafir character, Lord Glenelg was mis
led by a good man's sympathy. The Kafir, certainly,
never sheds biood for the mere tiger-like delight

of shedding it, like the miserable, half-human Bushman.
But he is an incorrigible liar and thief, uncivilizable (so
to speak), beyond, I imagine, any other savage ; and.
though he does not, murder for mere fun, he discovers no
regard for either your life or his own, when cattle are
in question. The missionaries have wholly failed to
make any impression on them. Witch doctors and rain-
makers never had more influence in Kafirland than at
this moment, and missionaries, I regret to say, never had
less ; while I have reason to know, that the custom of
the forcible abduction and violation of females, after
having been for a time discontinued, has been renewed
by Sandilli, the paramount chief of the Gaika tribe, the
most numerous and warlike of our immediate neighbours,
and has been agreed to be put in force against the
families of missionaries, and missionary stations,
generally. In regard, moreover, to the cause of the war,
Lord Glenelg refined too murh, and applied reasonings
two much concatenated for the Kafir understanding. I
do not find that they themselves defend their
attack upon the grounds on which the Secre-
tary of State supposed them to have been driven
to it. But, besides all this, the thing was done; and the
true policy, I apprehend, would have been, to regard it
as a fait accompli. The Kafirs had become British sub-
jects, had received British laws, and, in time, might
have bent insensibly %hued with the rudiments of Bri-
tish civilisation. lam far from blaming Lord Glenelg.
His dispatches, as published, do him, if he wrote them—
'or Mr. Stephen, were he the writer—much honour. If
he erred, he erred on the noblest side. The Colonial
Office should not be judged hy *the event. So
.tedged.
Lord Stanley's New Zealand policy may well beTalled
mischievous. So judged, Lord Glenelg's Capii policy
may well be called the same. Both aimed to secure the
rights of the aborigines. Bath mey end in wars, in
which the qu-scion simply is—ball the white man die
under the native, or the naive die under the white man?
This is a war of which all past history is a prophecy of
the ultimate result. At this moment there is, upon our
frontier, a beginning of this end.
When the D'Urban policy was overthrown, treaties
with the chiefs were entered into. With same of the
mummery of that of Waitangi, they contained a pri! ci-
ple fully comprehended by the Kafirs. The Chiefs were
to repress cattle-stealing by their people ; and, when
stolen cattle were traced over the border, the Chief of
the territory into which the " spoor," or traee, was car-
ried, was to compensate the owner, and punish the thief.
To work this system, and render a vigilant executive
authority compatible with a supreme Government, six
hundred miles distant, in Cape Town, a new officer,
called the Lieutenant-Governor of the Eastern districts,
was created. The first appointed was, probably, the
most remarkable man ever produced in this colony, Sir
Andreas Stockenstrom. His father, who was Laudrost,
or Chief Magistrate, of Graaf Reinet, fell in a bor-
der foray, under the assigais of the Kafirs. Sir
Andreas succeeded to the office, and rose, by energy
and ability, still higher. As Lieutenant-Governor,
he might have done the colony much service. But
he had given evidence, in London, before the Abori-
gines Committee of 1837 ; and his evidence was sup-
posed to have pressed hard on the colonial character,
and, therefbre, on his return, as Lieutenant-Governor,he
was received with one roar of indignation, from Gra-
hamstown to Colesberg, which, being a man of excitable
temperament, disturbed him more than, perhaps, was
necessary. After remaining a couple of years, he went
home, in Sir George Napier's time, to resign. Lord Gle-
nelg, to whom he tendered his resignation, refused to ac-
cept it, and pressed his continuance in office. Then
Lord Glenelg awoke, one morning, and found his ser-
vices dispensed with ; and Lord Normanby quitted Ire
land, to take charge of the Colonial-office. The new
Secretary re-considered the matter, and wrote to Stocken-
strom, that, in consequence of his unpopularity with
the colonists, he considered him unfit to serve
the public as Lieutenant. Goverror. Perhaps this was
questionable ground to take. How long would Lord
Normanby have been Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland, if
unpopularity with these whom the Government was de-
termined to check and control, had been deemed a good
ground for recalling him? Then there was, as I have
heard, much writing to and fro between the ex-Lieu-
tenant-Governor and the Secretary of State ; but no-
thing very satisfactory. The end was, that Lord John
Russell, who exchanged offices with Lord Normanby,
made Sir Andreas a Baronet, and gave him a compen-
satory pension of 7001. a-year, charged on the colonial
revenue. He has since lived here in private life, he-
having with much prudence and circumspection. But
to myself; as to all who know him, it is a source of
no little surprise, that he has not received a Govern-
ment in some other possession, or, has not in some
other way, been brought again into the public service
of the Crown.

Hyd Stockenstrom remained to work the treaties
which he framed, depredations might have been sup-
pressed. He knew the Chiefs, and they knew him ; and
every inch of their difficult country was as familiar to
him as to themselves. Colonel Hare, of the 27th, a right
good soldier, succeeded Stockenstrorn in 1839, and has
since administered the frontier system. Early and late
have he and the successive Governors, Sir George
Napier and Sir Peregrine Maitland, worked at this ques-
tion. It' Peel's difficulty be Ireland, the difficulty of
every Cape Government has been the Boers and Blacks
beyond us. Sometimes winking at depredation- ; some-
times threatening chastisement ; sometimes trying sub-
sidies ; sometimes placing troops within the ceded terri-
tory ; sometimes moving against a particular delinquent;
thus things were on. The cry, from the frontier to
Cape Town, was continually for protection. Horses and
oxen were constantly disaprearing, carried off with a
dexterity and daring truly wonderful. The mutual
understanding, or common consciousness, that seems to
exist between a Kafir and an „x he never saw before,
heats mesmerism. A peculiar whistle sets the creature
flying. But the farmer pays for the Kafir's whistle,
which is rather hard.
Sir Peregrine Maitland relieved Sir George Napier,
in the beginning of 1844. When he visited the frontier
in the September of that year, besieged by complaining
colonists, he summoned the Chiefs, remonstrated with
them, and, in order, if possible, to stop their plunder,
remodelled the treaties ; and, for the purpose of further
checking them, availed himself of a power, expressly re-
served by treaty, to establish a military post in the ceded
territory. The erection of post Victoria, and the brave
words previously uttered. for a time abated the nuisance;
but when a conflict beyond the Orange River, between
our emigrant Boers and the Baastards, or Griquas, called
away the troops from the eastern frontier, to put down
the Boers, and protect the Griquas in their lands, de-
predations began afresh, our complaints became less
regarded, and a tone of insolence not previously assumed
began to characterise the communications of the Chiefs.
Compensation under treaty was refused or delayed on
the most frivolous pretences. - It was easy to see that
war was in the wind.
Such a state of feeling was hut natural. The passion
of a Kafir for cattle, like the passion of a miser for gold,
is much more intense than a mere desire of property, or
of what property will procure. But even cattle are with
him only a means to an end. It is with cattle that he
buys his wives.
A party, sometimes called with us " the War Party,"
and sometimes " Young Kafirland," has brought on the
hostilities in which we are now engaged.
The young men have never felt' the power of the
, colony, having reached maturity since the last war ;