The Sun.
London, England, 1846-06-12 00:00:00

LONDON,
`FRIDAY
_MORNING, JUNE 12, 1846.

Newcastle and Berwick Railway ; Newcastle and Darlington
Junction Railway (Durham and Sunderland Railway and
Wearmouth Dock Purchase and Branches) ; North British
Ra i l w a yjun(
eCtiaornlislße
aEi
wx taeyn;s i on
Wakefield,N orth upmbe
ontrind and Lanca-
shire
efarae
tand
Goi
e
Railway, and Post, &c. of Goole ; Wear Dock Railway ;
Frilford (Berks) Inclo,ure ; Glasgow Southern Terminal
Railway; Newmarket and Chestcrford Railway; Oxford,
Worcester, and Wolverhampton Railway; St. Helen's Canal
and Railway ; Shropshire Union Railwa,s and Canal ( Newton
to Crewe, with Branches); Yeovil Market and Fairs (by
Order) ; Yorkshire and Glasgow Union Railway.
THIRD READINGS.
The following Bills were read a third and passed :—Deeside
Railway ; Forth and Clyde and Monkland Navigation Junc-
tion; Herculaneum Docks; London and South Western Rail
way (Farnham and Alton .Branch).
CHORLEY WATERWORKS, BURY AND STOCK-
,
PORT IMPROVEMENT BILLS, &e.
On the motion of Mr. ESTCOURT, an instruction was
agreed to the Committee of Selection to refer the Chorley
Waterworks, the Bury Improvement (No. 2), and the Stock.
port Improvement Bills, to the South Lancaster List and the
same selected Members; and the Salthouse Embankment Bill
to the North Lancaster List and the above selected Members.
Sir HOWARD DOUGLAS presented a petition from
Liverpool in favour of the Liverpool and Berwick Railway (as
we understood).

and against that award, of course, no appeal would be.
So soon as the works or improvements were completed, the
fact would be registered with the Clerk of the Peace, for the
purpose of giving the date of the period at which compensation
should be made. It was proposed that the tenantry who should
be evicted seven years after they had made improvements
should have one-half the outlay; if after 14 years, one-
third ; after 21 years and 28 years, one••fourth. He now came
to the second part of this Bill, viz., 64 which related to the
subject of ejectment and distress. This Bill proposed to re-
peal the 56th Geo. 111., which gave the power to levy a dis-
tress on growing crops. There were, doubtless, many advan-
tages connected with this power, and some difference of opi-
nion existed respecting it in Ireland, but he believed that the
disadvantages resulting from it far overbalanced any benefits by
which it was attended. The next object was to limit the
costs of ejectment. according to a rule and form in the schedule
attached to the Bill, and this he thought was an unlimited
benefit. In doing this, he was aware he was not. doing so much
as was desired, but he trusted that too much would not be ex-
pected from the power of Parliament, for the utmost that it
could accomplish was its interpositi' n of irresponsible power on
one side, and helplessness on the other. He contessed that he
agreed with the o+•inion expressed in the report of the Courois
sioners, that it would not be to the interests of the tenant to
have those Acts repealed. That was a strong prima facie evi-
dence for the retention of those Bills. Mr. Kyle, who was an
eminent authority, was of opinion that it would be injurious to
the tenant to have an expensive mode t f ejectment. Mr.
Baldwin, assistant-barrister for the county of Cork, entertained
a similar opinion, and was favourable to the tenant having the
opportunity, by a civil bill process, to demur to an ejectment.
The expenses of a process in the Civil Bill Court did not
amount to more than 15s. or a pound, while a similar process
in the superior Courts would cost 20/. That in his opinion
was so strong an argument in favour of the processby civil 1).11,
that he could not agree to the proposition of the Hon. and
Learned Gentleman, the Member for Cork. It remained for
him to explain to the House one or two of the leading altera-
tions included in the proposed Bill. The principle provision
was that the landlords were to be compelled to give the tenants
the particulars of the demand before the judgment be served.
Power was to be given to the tenant either to pay
the landlord at once, or to pay the sum mentioned
on the record into Court, as he might think fit.
Another alteration was of particular importance, as bearing
upon recent events which had taken place in that country.
At present the landlord, when he wished to eject a particular
tenant, was obliged to eject also the tenants hoiding under him.
A great deal of the difficulty of dealing with Irish affairs might
be clearly traceable to that cause. A proposition was intro-
duced into the Bill, by which the landlord would have the
lower of ejecting any particular tenant without interfering with
the holdings of the sub-tenants. who would remain in the same
position as they were before. The last of the Bills which he
intended to submit to the consideration of the House was a Bill
for providing a sufficient form of lease. It was proposed that
parties desirous of obtaining a lease should be able to write it
out themselves, according to a certain set form, without the
intervention of a solicitor to add to the expense. The objec-
tion to the length of form of the lease would be to a consider-
able degree removed by a diminished stamp duty. It was in-
tended to afford a diminished stamp duty of 2s. 6d. on all
leases on land, not exceeding 50/. a-‘ ear rent. He was
desirous of introducing a measure which should be for the benefit
both of the poor and the rich, which should alike protect the
rights of property and the rights of labour. He hoped that the
House would give these Bills their attentive consideration;
and, in conclusion, would most sincerely hope, in the event of
their becoming law, that their result would conduce to the
prosperity of Ireland.—( Cheers. )
Mr. S CRAWFORD observed that it was upwards of ten
tears since he bad introduced the present question into the
House. He must say that he had received very little support
or encouragement in his attempts to legislate on that subject.
The great object of all his Bills had been to provide sufficient
compensation to the tenant from the landlord in all cases of
ejectment. He was of opinion that compensation on an eject-
ment for three years on the lease was insufficient, and was a
feature of the proposed measure that ought to be amended.
He knew the law existed which gave the tenant power to
recover &Om the landlord the excess of levy ; but that was but
a poor retu.n, for a tenant might he ruined before he could
obtain any remedy for the loss which he had sus•ained. He
hoped the Noble Lord would excuse his opposition to the Bill,
for he opposed it with much regret.
Mr. J. O'CONNELL thought, that next to a decided in-
terference, this was the next best measure that could possibly
have been offered. He could have wished that the principle of
tenara-tight cu-tom, found to be 'o beneficial in the n• rth,
had been made one of general application. It had pro4ueesi
peace, and he thoud,ht it might have been greatly enlarged in
r.s sphere. Wherever the tenant-right existed there, there was
peace, there there was order and plenty, and there the landlord
got his rent. He would give the Government every credit for
their intent►ons, and for the spirit in which they had brought
forward their measures This was notoriously a most difficult
subject, and one on which he himself was hardly competent
to judge. With respect to the repeal of the 56 h Geo. 111.. he
greatly regretted that the Hoe. Member for Co, k could not be
present to-night, as he would have been able to give a dear
exposition of its bearings. With respect to the pressure of
costs, he thought that the tenant was quite as liable to be ruined
by the ejectment as by the excess of levy. It should be ob
served that Ireland was in a position very different born that of
any other country. Th, re th•e population was superfluous, and
with no other opportunity of employment than that which was
derived from agriculture. He could have wished that there
was a power in their Bill to rea'rain the landlord in some
degree from ejecting the sub-tenantry. He knew hundreds, he
might say thou-ands of instances in which the greatest misery had
been occasioned, and needlessly occasioned by the exercise of the
power which the landlords possessed. But again he must re-
peat, that the condition of Ireland was to be especially consi-
dered, and in sitting down he was glad to give his cordial co-
operation in carrying this Bill though the House.
Mr. OSBORNE, after apolcaising for the aspersions which
he threw on the Noble Lord (the Earl of Lincoln ), sa d that he
thought this Bill would be very likely to greatly increase the
number of leases. None but those who knew the difficulties of
the subject could appreciate the temperate and able way in
which he had brought it forward; but he thought that an evil
would be suffered from the imposition of 5 per cent. for drain-
ing. He had been occupied much in draining himself, and
that he thought would grove a great difl'culty.
Sir ROBERT PEEL—It is only 4 per cent., and rated on
the outl.ty.
Mr. OSBORNE—That, of course, did away with his ob-
jection, and he would only now ask when the Bill would be
printed?

The Earl of LINCOLN said that there were a few altera

tions yet to be made, but be hoped it w b;
printed to-
night. At any rate he was certain of having it to-morrow.
Mr. SHAW congratulated the House on the unanimity
with which this Bill was received, and he could not refrain also
from congratulating this Noble Friend on his great success
in this his fast step on a very difficult subject. He thought
they had better not commit themselves to any principle, but
wait till it was printed.
Mr. WYSE wished to know whether there was any provi-
sion in the Bill for rendering the payment of the rent gradual.
He had known cases where the proprietor, residing in France,
bad failed in receiving the rent from his immediate tenant. and
a distress and ejectment were immediately enforces! against
the sub-tenants, and they were all irretrievably ruined.
The Earl of LINCOLN said that, ley the advice of an emi-
nent lawyer connected with Ireland, the clause affecting the
pa) ment of rent had been much modified.
Sir R. FERGUSON thought that the Hon. Member for
Rochdale (Mr. Sharman Crawford) had gone too far in saying
that the object of this Bill should bit retrospective.
Mr. P. SCROPE differed from the last Member, for unless
the Bill were retrospective in its effect mach of the evil which
was suffered could not he remedied. Knowing a hat be did of
Ireland he was quite sure that both sides must be protected, and
that could t.ot be unless the principle was adopted which the
Hon. /Member for Rochdale had advocated, but he did not
wish to disturb the unanimity of the debate, and thanked the
INoWe Lord for the introduction of the measure.
Leave was then given to bring in the Bills
THE CASE OF MR. DONOVAN.
Sir H. W. BARRON rose to bring the petition of John
Donovan, an officer dismissed from the Customs, before the
House, and to move for a Committee to inquire into the case.
He said the case was one of great hardship, a• a meritorious
officer in the present case had been dismis-ed through repre-
seutations made to the officers of Customs, whi.th he could
prove were altogether untrue. The Custom-house authori-
ties had been entirely imposed on. Mr. Donovan bad been
in the service of the Custom-house for thirty years, and had
only on one occasion been charged with neglect of duty.
That circumstance, however, bad no, ping whatever 'o do with
the present case, as after the occasion on wl ieh this took
place he had been prsanoted. The Hon. Member was pro-
ces ding to state the particulars, when
An How. MEMBER moved that the House be counted.
The gallery was then cleared, and there being only thirty-
four Members present, the House adjourned at a Quarter to
Eight o'clock.

THE LAUNCH Gy THE RECRUIT AND ERIN GO BRAG/I.
—The launch of these two vessels took place on Wechiesday from the
yard of Messrs. Ditchburn atoi Mare, at Blackwell, at three o'clock,
In the presence of some thousands of spectators, au f with the ho-
nours usual on such occasions. They are both beautiful vessels of
their respective classes ; they are bailt of iron, and with all the mo-
dern improvements of naval architecture. The Recruit is not a
steamer ; she Is a gun-brig. and will have when rigged and com-
pleted an armament of twelve guns. Her length between the per-
pendtculars is 113 feet; her length of keel for tonnage 94 feet 10
Inches ; her breadth for tonnage Is 30 feet 3 Inches , and her , epth
in hold, 14 feet 2 inches; this burte's being 482 tons. She Is a
splendid model of a man-of-war. The other vessel, the Erin-go-
Bragh, is a very line steam-boat of 810 tons burden, and is designed
for the Penituular service. The length between the perpendiculars is
201 feet 6 inches ; her length of keel for tonnage is Is 4 feet 3 inches ;
and her breadth for tonnage, 28 feet 9 inches her depth in held, 17
feet 4 inches. The ceremony of giving names to these vessels was
performed by Lady Adeline Paget Alter the launch they were
moored off Blackwell, and to-dt.y will be taken into the basin of the
West India dockyard, to have their rigging and paddles and so forth
fitted. The friends of Messrs. Ditchburn and Mare were afterwards
regaled at an elegant de;efiner at the Brunswick Hotel, where they
partook of the good things provided by Mr. Lovegrove, *id drank
the healths of Messrs. Ditchburn and Mare, and other appropriate
toasts.

MEXICAN PREPARATIONS.--We are informed, from a
reliable source, that within the last year and a half, or two years, the
Mexican Government has been receiving, from time to time, schooners,
powder, cannon, and ball from the city of New York. Within this
period there have been built, by cur shipmasters, 12 strong schoonei s,
of sufficient strength and capacity to act as privateers or vessels of
war. These vessels were built with an eye to strength, combined
with swiftness of sailing. These vessels were dispatched to Mexico
(under American colours and under the captainship or Americans)
from time to timeviits they were built, and were paid for by an exten-
sive Mexican house in this city. Each of these vessels carried,
like-
wise, from eight to ten tons of gunpowder as cargo, and likewise a
number of guns, amounting to 180 in all, which were cast in a foun-
dry in this city, and proved by an American of skill in such matters.
At one time, it is said, the Mexican 'Government were indebted to
this Mexican house in halt a million of dollars for these supplies. A
shipmaster, lately from Vera Cruz, reports that when he was there
he inspected the Castle of St. Juan de unoa, and saw a cannon of 182
pounds calibre, which, with 40 or N raixhan guns, are now moanted
on that fortress. The beach where the French landed is likewise
completely fortified. We have the names and dates for all these
facts, which we suppress f. r the present. —New York Herald.
TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION BETWEEN FRANCE
AND ENGLAND.— It was stated some time ago, that a submarine
telegraph was to be laid down across the English Channel, by which
an instantaneous communication could be made from coast to coast.
The Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty, with a view of testing
the practicability of this undertaking, have been pleased to approve
of the projectors laying down a submarine tele_ raph across the har-
bour of Portsmouth Prom the house of the Admiral, in the dockyard,
to tile railway terminus at Gosport. By these means there will be a
direct communication from London to the official residence of the
Port Admiral, at Portsmouth, whereas at present the telegraph does
not extend beyond the terminus at Gosport, the crossing of the har-
bour having been hitherto deemed an insurmountable obstacle. This
want of continuity in the means of conveying official order to the
dockyard has been attended with so much inconvenience, that her
Majesty's Government had previously given orders for continuing
dryisiadngviat,rtoaugnedor tthieth,hararbranougr,emaudnitstaisn ihl eesie
is
sTnhoe
the line of the electric telegraph from the Gosport terminus, by car-
nrcesimobovrio'usev,enasn't
once
railway, or railway police, to protect the lines from accidental or ma-
licious injury, after they leave the terminus. The sub-marine tele-
graph is to be laid down in the course of the ensuing week, and it
the working of the plan Is found to be simes.ful, this mode of tele-
exi graphic communication will be adopted in preference to the more
used one. The telegraph will he conveyed from the terminus to
the water-side under ground, and after cros6hig the harbour will
again be conveyed in a similar manlier to the Admiralty-house, it
being a subterranean as weq as a submarine tel graph. Iu a mew
day after the exp. riment has been successfully t. steel at POTtSIII,:Ut h,
the submarine telegraph will be laid down across the Straits of
Dover, under the sanction of both the English and French Govern-
ments.

DUCATION IN TRP ARMY. it is rep
mili-
tary circles, that our military system is shunt to b., thoron bly re-mo-
delled, and that, ainnngst thc Improvements about to be. introd,,ced,
will be the establishment of a school at Chelsea for the training of
rep.riental acholmaaters, brtea in

LAW INTELLIGENCE.
HOUSE OF LORDS, June 11.
The House of Lords sat to-day to hear Scotch appeals.
The peers in attendance were Lord Brougham, Lord Cotten-
ham, and Lord Campbell.