The Sun.
London, England, 1841-03-08 00:00:00

for

MORNING EDITION

THE POPERY OF THE CHURCH

OF ENGLAND.

both, professedly send all their people to heaven ; bless
God for taking the most impenitent wretch to himself ;
and commit his body to the dust, in sure and certain
hope of a resurrection to eternal life.
In a word, both systems are unscriptural, and have
sadly failed to answer the end for which millions of
money arc annually expended, and for which the Son of
God introduced his gospel into the world.
It is a question of some difficulty, whether the Church
of England be really and truly entitled to the appella-
tion of Protestant? Thgt it is the least reformed of
all the Protestant Churches, is universally admitted.

LITERATURE.

DUBLIN RE VIE W.—. No. 19.
Dolman, London, 1841.

We have the same fault to find with this Num-
ber that we have feund with so many of its pre-
decessors—namely, that the subjects of the ma-
jority of its articles are but indifferently chosen,
and that they are, with hardly an exception,
verbose and wearisome. The lightest and most
readable is the one entitled " Recent Poetry,"
which is a review of some late poems by Sir
Francis Hastings Doyle, and Mr. Milnes, both
of which were noticed in detail in The Sun at
the period of their publication. The Reviewer
is, we think, unnecessarily severe in his strictures
on the Baronet's verses, chiefly because he pro-
fesses to be an imitator and disciple of Words-
worth, whose genius is here treated with very
little reverence, and the errors of his school
thus pointed out—" The blunder of the school
of Wordsworth is this, that when the soul
is scarcely moved at all—at least when it has no
power to move any other soul; when it is dozing
through some dull dream, or describing some
litt'e fat urchin, some new-born cock, kitten, or
puppy, it affects the dialect of the skies, and
humbles the fiery expression of noble thoughts
to time meanest uses of the poultry-yard or ken-
nel." There is great exaggeration in these re-
marks, though certainly it must be confessed
that not a few of Wordsworth's " Lyrical Bal-
lads " give some foundation for them. The
" Horse Guards" is a review of the proceedings
of the Commander-in-Chief as respects the Earl
of Cardigan and his numerous disputes with his
brother officers. The article is shrewdly and dis •
passionately written, and the conclusion to which
the Reviewer comes 14, " that the outrages which
have been committed on public feeling in all these
transactions demand a high satisfaction, which
the people—the just, and thinking-, and reason- '
ing people—will require, and which the Crown,
if well advised, will not refuse." The " Wants
of Ireland" is penned in a cheerful, sanguine
spirit, and states with confidence that many cir-
cumstances have recently occurred which open
up the most cheering prospects of the future
destinies of the sister country. Of the articles
headed " Life of Pope Pius the Seventh," " Ar-
bitrary Power, Popery, and Protestantism," and
"on Romanism in Ireland," we must content
ourselves with the remark that they possess little
interest for the general reader.

CHINA.

JUSTICE IN THE CAUCASUS.

(From the Gazette des Tribunaux.)

JUSTICE OF THE TARTARS OF TILE CAUC,:SUS.-PUNISH-
MENT OF A RUSSIAN OFFICER AND OF FIVE SOLDIERS

BY BRING IMPALED ALIVE.
TIFLIS (GEORGIA), DEC. 4.
Amongst the warlike tribes that inhabit the mountains of
CaUcasus, one of the most numerous and formidable, per-
haps, is that of the Avarians. The Avarians, like the
Tchetchenetr, the Lesghis, the Abases. and other CireAssian
mountaineers, wage a continual war against the Russians,
and consider the booty they may plunder, and the prisoners
they make, as their source of riches, and they usually sell
the latter to the Kurde, the Armenians, or the Persians.
A particular custom amongst the Avarians, who, as well as
other warlike tribes, share the prisoners between them after
every contest or fortunate expedition, is the following:—
The prisoners, being brought together on the same spot, re-
mained exposed for seven suns, in order that all the mem-
Lers of till tribe may examine and question them as they
think proper. On the eigth day a tribunal, composed of
six old men, selected from the most celebrated and v.:nc-
rated cf the tube—to which is added the Khan, who pre-
sides—is convened, in order to hear all the charges that
may be made against any of the prisoner!. The verdicts
pronounced by this dreadful tribunal are immedia ely put
in force.

One of those savage assizes, the details of which we
gather from a Russian journal, recently took place in the
forest Boujnaki, not far from Tiflis, a central point of the
Government of Georgia.
On the 10th June oil ast year a murderous engagement,
almost a battle, took place between the Russian troops
commanded by Generals Test, Grabbe, and Syzojef, and
the Circassian tribes united under the command of Scbam-
mil, Khan of the Tchttchcnets, who is now looked upon
as the supreme chief of the federation of all the tribes of
the mountaineers.

The battle, which took place in the plain of Dagbcs-
tan, at the foot of the Souzka hills, listed from daybreak
until after sunset. The mountaineers then, after having
obtained a brilliant advantage over the Czar's disciplined
troop, regained their inaccessible retreats, loaded with
booty, ar:d bringing with them many prisoners. The Ava-
rians rcurned to their tents with 138 prisoners, which
they bad made in the Russian ranks.

In the centre of the forest of Boujnaki, in a glade, is a
sort of but covered with reeds, which is called the Khan's
Cattle. The outside is far from resembling the sumptuous
palaces of the Tartar Khans of the Crimea ; but in the inside
there is to be found the same Oriental splendour, the same
richness, and that abundance arising from subsi,iies and
tithes collected by the yatagan in hand.
It was on this spot that the Russian prisoners we -e ex-
posed, against whose flight the following precautions were
taker. Each prisoner, having his hands strongly bound
behind Li 3 back, had besides round Lie neck one of those
ropes with a slip knot which the Tartars use to catch wild
horses, and which they call arcan. The end of the rope
was fixed to a wooden stake driven in the ground.
About fifty Avarians, carrying muskets and yalayans, were
continually set over the prisoners, whilst at et ery minu e of
the day the members or the tribe used to walk about that
species of green, eyeing Kith intense curiosity the wretches
who we re thus exposed, and endeavouring to recognise their
physiognomy, but questioning both in the Tartar klialect and
the Russian language. In the Khan's residence the six old
men held the'r sittings, to which the former formed part, for
there west be seven judges, as well as the summits or white
crests of the Elbroouz, which the tribe of Avarians consi-
der as the teat of the disinities that try men af:er their
death. After seven days had been devoted to the preli-
minary formalities of the trial, at the moment when day-
light bt gan to appear, an Avarian struck three times. the
silver cymbals, which are invariably hung before the Khan's
residence. On that signal Mend's- Khan and the six old
men came out.

COMMISSION OF LUNACY.

A Commission of Lunacy was opened at eleven o'clock
on Saturday, at Gerrard's Hall, Basicgdane, for the
purpose of inquiring into the state of mind of William
Fenwick, Esq., late of Bombay, in the East Indies,
and now of Gerrard's Hall. The Commissioners were
Messrs. Phillimore, Thigh, and Wbitmarsh.
Mr. Calvert appeared in support of the Commis-
sion. Mr. Austin, a solicitor, and the brother of the
alleged lunatic, were present to watch the proceedings,
but not to oppose them.
Mr. Secondary POTTER having read the warrant of
Commission, and the Jury being sworn,
The CHIEF COMMISSIONER explained to the Jury the
precise points to which their minds should be directed
in the course of the investigation.
Mr. CALVERT addressed the Court, and said that be
had to submit to it as distressing a case as any that had
ever been brought before a judicial tribunal. The
gentleman, whose sanity of mind they were called upon
to investigate, had been a public officer in Bombay,
and one who, in the discharge of the duties of his
office, had acted in a manner calculated to give the
greatest satisfaction to those under whom he was em-
ployed. Mr. Fenwick, the gentleman in reference t o
whom this investigation had been instituted, was a
Master in the Court of Equity in Bombay, a clerk
in the Small Cause Court, and he also
acted as an officer in the Ecclesiastical Court
there. The severe duties which he had to perform in
the said several situations, exhausted his mental and
physical powers to such a degree, that in the year
1835 signs of debility were manifested in him, and the
result was, that in that year he obtained leave of ab-
sence, and went for the improvement of his health to
St. Helena and the Cape of Good Hope. After re-
maining, in these places during the year 1836, he re-
turned to Bombay in 1837, but in May, 1837, he
again exhibited signs of debility, and again he obtained
leave of absence, and proceeded to the Cape of Good
Hope, where he resided with his family. It was
during this second residence at the Cape that he mani-
fested insanity, and was, in consequence, placed under
restraint. He, however, subsequently returned to
Bombay in 1838, but owing to his incapacity, from
mental and physical infirmity, to perform the duties of
of his office, he was sent home to England, where he
I arrived in October, 1839. Ho went to reside at the
British Hotel, Jerrnyn-street, where he remained
for sonic t:me, and where it would be proved
ho had acted in a manner inconsistlnt with
the conduct of a sane person. At other places he
displ ryed the same conduct, and two inedicdi gen-
tlemen, name!y, Dr. Munroe and Mr. Steadman,
said they were of opinion that the unfortunate gentle-
man was decidedly insane. Tne lunacy under which
Mr. Fenwick suffered exhibited itself under the form
of two delusions ; one was that poison was constantly
administered to him in his food, and the next was that
he was in constant communication with u celestial
being. The facts which he had stated to the Jury
would t e proved in evidence, and if so, they would then
be obliged to bring in a verdict declaring Mr. Fenwick
t) be a lunatic and unfit to manage his own affairs.

The Avarisns are neither Mahomedans nor Christians ;
their i eligion, if such a name can be given to their singular
doctrines of Paganism, consists in attributing an ephemeral
but supernatural power to the first object of nature which
strikes them on the commencement of each day. The
divinity which they thus create, and which lasts but fcur
and-twenty hours, is ►eplr.ccd the following day with as
little ceremony.

On leaving the tent, the Khan and the old men east
their eyes to heaven, and Mendly- Khan, perceiving a crow,
exclaimed, " The crow is God l" when immediately all
those around him utte.ed exclamations of joy and adora-
tion. A carpet was then laid on the ground in the shape
of a horse-shoe : the judges took their places after the
Turkish fashion, the Khan squattiag down in the m.ddle;
the cymbals were then struck loudly, and when the noise
ceaQed, on a signal from the chief, three a casers came
forward.

THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY, MARCH 8, 1841.

OF OUDE.

TUTION.

CHANDELIERS FOR THE KING

On Friday a magnificent suite of ruby-coloured chan-
deliers, candelabra, and wall-brackets, which has
been some considerable time in preparation for the
palace of the King of Oude, was exhibited to a
great number of the Nobility at the establish-
ment of Copeland and Garrett, Portugal House,
Lincoln's-inn fields. The beholders were struck at
once with the prismatic brilliancy of the glass, which so
closely resembled the real ruby gem, and appeared to
be so congenial to the idea generally formed of oriental
grandeur. The spacious state apartment in the palace
for which these gorgeous ornaments are intended, is,
we understand, completely surrounded with mirrors,
from top to bottom, so that when it is lighted up every
object will be tinged with their brilliant hue. The
candelabra, of which there are two, one of which will
stand upon a pedestal on each side of the thfone, cost
3,000 guineas, and will exhibit 106 lights, in shades
engra‘ed with extraordinary skill and care. The four
chandeliers, containing 24 lights each, will be sus-
pended from the roof of the state chamber, at equal
distances, and two girandoles, or brackets, con-
taining nine lights each, will be affixed to
the wall at each side. The burners are adapted
either to oil or wax. The number of lights which the
great state apartment will therefore burn, at the plea-
sure of his Majesty, from these massive lustres, will
be 238. The glass used on the suite of chandeliers
weighed two tons in its unwrought state, and the num-
ber of wire and cushion drops into which those two
tons have been cut is seventy-two thousand.
There was but one of each of the classes of chande-
liers exhibited in the great room of Copeland and Gar
mt.'s establishment, for it was impossible to give more
than a sample within such a space, although the greater
part of the theatre to which Garrick removed from
Goodman's-fields forms but a portion of the place of
exhibition.

The suite is to be removed in a few days to the
vessel in which it is to be conveyed to Calcutta, from
which it is to be drawn nearly two thousand miles into
the interior of India. It is to be accompanied by so
clear a list of directions, that every person in the King
of Oude's dominions may, without difficulty, fit each
drop to its proper place.
From the üby-coloured chandeliers the eye turned
to several magnificent specimens of porcelain, consist-
ing of tablets, slabs, pa: nels, brackets, finger-plates,
and other articles of a similar description, manufac-
tured for the embellishment of cabinet furniture, grates,
and the general decoration of the residences of the no-
bility and gentry, and which were in exquisite taste,
and of the most elaborate workmanship. A set of
grate-slabs, executed for the mansion of the Duke of
Sutherland, attracted great admiration ; and amongst
the various designs were several splendid specimens el
vases and other ornaments in imitation of the Hercu.
laneum and Pompeii relics.
The King of Oude's suite will cost ten thousand
guineas.

THE UNITED SERVICE INSTI.

DEFALCATION OF THE COLLECTOR.

Oa Saturday, at two o'clock, the Directors, Mem-
bers, and Council of the United Service Institution,
Middle Scotland-yard, assembled at the large room of
the Thatched House Tavern, St. James's street, for
the purpose of receiving the report of its affairs for the
past year, the tenth from the establishment of the So-
ciety. The meeting was very numerously attended,
among the members present being, Lord Cokille, Ma-
jor-General Sir Hussey 'Vivian, Colonel Sykes, Colonel
Wood, Colonel Spencer Stanhope, Major S. Clarke,
Captain Percy Grace, &c.