The Sun.
London, England, 1848-01-31 00:00:00

SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, JANUARY 31, 1846

ties, and at the exorbitant rate of interest fixed by
the well-known letter of the 25th of October.
Indeed it will be seen that increasing their minimum
rate of discount to 8 per cent. and maintaining it
at that rate until the withdrawal of the letter,
was the only one of the recommendations
to which the directors paid the slightest
attention. The prevailing impression that Sir C.
Woon had been in any degree actuated by a desire
to afford relief to the manufacturing and mercantile
classes, in consenting to a relaxation of the stringent
provisions cf the Act of 1844, may also be removed.
It would appear that the Right Hon. Baronet only
interposed, because he saw no other means by which
the law could be maintained than by consenting to
its temporary suspension We might otherwise have
seen the National Bank compelled to suspend pay-
ment at a time when it had eight millions of bullion
locked up in its confers, which it was forbidden to
use, and which were almost as useless for every pur-
pose as an equal weight of stones or rubbish. The
letter of the 25th of October was, in fact, the
project intended to save the Bank itself from
at least a temporary stoppage of payment—the
" Deus ex machinci," which, like the issue of one
pound notes in 1825, was to preserve it from the
imminent danger that was impending. And it had
the desired effect. The directors were rescued from
the precarious position in which they were placed.
If they had fallen, it is impossible to calculate the
consequences that must have ensued. The public
funds would then, indeed, have been depreciated, and
the nation reduced to a state of barter, while there
was gold in abundance remaining unemployed. The
measure would have led to the very calamity it was
intended to prevent, and the convertibility of the notes
would have been endangered by the very regulations
which were framed for the purpose of guarding against
such a possibility. In truth there was a much
greater similarity between the position of the Bank
on the 231 of October, 1847, and the latter end of
December, 1825, than may generally be conceived,
and the danger of a suspension was almost as for-
midable at the later as at the earlier period—as for-
midable, we say, if the prOvisions of the Act of 1844
were to be maintained in all their integrity. We do
not in these observations mean to cast the slightest
imputation on the solvency of the establishment at
either period. It possessed ample assets to guarantee
the holders of its securites from any ultimate loss,
but it might have been unable to satisfy the demands
that would have been made while the means of doing
so abundantly remained behind in its vaults.
In order to judge correctly of the true position of
the Bank on the 23d October, 1847, it must be borne
in mind that the reserve in the banking department,
or, according to the term used in the returns, the
" notes unemployed," constitute the available fund
for carrying on its business. Any run on the " de-
posits" must be provided for from that source ; if
notes are brought in to be exchanged for gold, a
portion may be withdrawn from the issue
department on their being cancelled, but a single
sovereign cannot be touched for any other purpose ;
and the banking, which is now wholly separated from
the issue department, may be unable to meet its
liabilities in consequence of the regulation which
forbids the issue of notes beyond a certain amount
unless based on bullion. Thus a suspension of pay-
ment might become unaveidable, which would be in
the highest degree injurious to the national credit,
and to all classes in society. The most competent
persons have calculated that a reserve of 4,000,0004
at least is necessary, and that no lower amount
will be sufficient to carry on the ordinary
business transactions of the Bank. If we examine, then,
the returns for the month of October we shall find
that a very rapid and alarming reduction in the
amount of " notes unemployed " had taken place.
On the 25th of September that reserve amounted to
4,112,2901.; this was reduced, on the 2d of October,
to 3,409,3001., or by more than 700,0001., within
the week. On the 16th of October it amounted to
2,630,1151. only, showing a further diminution,
within a fortnight, of nearly 779,0001., in addition
to that which had already occurred. On the '23d
the reserve had fallen to 1,547,2701., or by more
than 1,080,0001. below that of the 16th. On that
day the deputation of the London bankers waited on
the Government to urge the adontio9,of some course
by wmen ieuec would be afforded. he private de-
posits then amounted to no less than 8,530,5091, the
great withdrawal of public deposits within the month
being the chief cause which led to the diminution of
the reserve fund, the balance in favour of the public
having been on the 25th of September 9,447,8511.,
while on the 231 of October it only stood at
4,766,3941., or less by 4,681,5.57/. than at the former
period. It is well, known that if the representation
it then made had been neglected, the London
bankers, and many others, would have withdrawn
tneir deposits, and that a severe run would have
taken place, which must have terminated either in a
suspension or the most enormous sacrifice of property;
by which the Three per Cents., which had then fallen
to 78, would have been depreciated to the most
frightful extent, if they had not become altogether
unsaleable.
Then it was that the letter was resolved upon;
but, as we have already stated, its true cause was
the safety of the Bank, and not the relief of the
mercantile or manufacturing interests. That letter,
among other things, contained a rec )mmendation to
the directors " to enlarge the amount of their die •
counts and advances upon approved security; but that
in order to retain this operation within reasonable
limits, a high rate of interest should be charged."
The latter part was, as it is well known, immedi-
ately acceded to, but the increase of discounts and
advances, by which all those engaged in trade and
commerce might have been benefited, lasted but for a
few days. This may be ascertained from a compari-
son of the " other securities, ' held by the Bank. On
the 2d of October we find under this head that
21,269,929/. was advanced to private parties; on the
9th of October it amounted to 21,437,4431.
The screw was then put on, and by
the refusal of every species of accommodation
this amount was reduced on the 231 to 19,467,128/.,
or by more than 1,960,0001. After the suspension of
the Act greater liberality was shown for a very few
days. Within the next week we find the item in-
creased to '20,409,897/. ; but from that time to the
present it has been steadily reduced, until, as it ap.
pears by the last return, it amounted to 14,510,863/.
only, showing a reduction from the 9th of October to
the 231 of January of no less than 6,900,0001. in the
accommodation afforded by that establishment to the
mercantile interests. During the same time the reserve
has been increased to 7,447,3851., that is to say,
by 6,270,645/. beyond the reserve on the 30th Octo-
ber, and nearly three millions and a half more than
the sum which is considered sufficient to carry on its
business properly; while the stock of bullion has
been augmented to 13,176,812/. Stronger evidence
could not be afforded of the propriety of the reduc-
tion in the rate of interest which was announced on
Thursday last, and for which some persons are to be
found still disposed to censure the directors, who, in
that respect, are only blameable for not having taken
the step at an earlier period.

By the decrees of his Majesty the King of NAPLES
which we subjoin, it will be seen that his ALuzerr
has yielded to the popular demands of reform :

The Gazzetta della Due Sicilie of the 18th, in two
supplements, publishes four important decrees of that
date of the King of NAPLES. By the first, the
consulta of Naples and that of Sicily, whose institu-
tion dates from 1824, are invested with the following
additional attributions :-1. Giving their opinion on
all projects of laws and general regulations.
2. Examining and giving their opinion on financial
affairs, such as budgets, public debt, &c. 3. On
treaties of commerce and tariffs. 4. On the peti-
tions of the provincial councils. The communes of
Naples and Sicily shall possess administrative right
over their own funds, under the superintendence of
Government; and the general consulta is ordered to
present a project of law on the subject, on the basis
of free election of the members of the communal
councils. By the second decree, the judicial inde-
pendence of each other of Naples and Sicily is recog-
nised ; employments in the island of Sicily to be
filled by Sicilians only, and those in the kingdom of
Naples by Neapolitans only ; the administration of
each to be separately conducted. This law to be
applied even to employments actually filled promis-
cuously, in the course of four months. By the third
decree extraordinary bonsuliori are named, consizting
.

of the heads of departments at Naples, when the
KING'S residence is there, and of those residing at
Palermo when his MAJESTY resides on the other side
of the Faro. By the 4th, Count D'AQUILA, Prince
of the Blood, is named Lieutenant- General of Sicily ;
his Assistant Minister, the Prince of CA:UPC/FRANCO ;
his Minister of the Interior, Foreign Affairs, Agri
culture, Commerce, and Public Woiks, the Duke of
MONTALBO ; Director of Finance and Ecclesiastical
Affairs, D. GIUSEPPE BUONGIARDINO ; Director of
Grace and Justice, D. GIOVANNI erosisn. A fifth
decree, dated the 19th, concedes the liberty of the
press in nearly the same measure as the other Italian
states. All these decrees are signed by Marquis
PIETRACATELLA, the representative of moderate
liberal opinion.
On the 19th the KING published the following de-
cree on the subject of the amnesty—
" His Majesty, who always obeys the generous
inspirations of his royal heart, has deigned to ordain
that the Ministers of Grace and Justice, and of the
General Police of the kingdom, should, within the
shortest possible delay, submit to him the names of
the political condemned and prisoners, in order that
he may exercise his clemency. His Majesty desired
at the same time that the measures best calculated to
re-establish public tranquillity should be adopted."
A letter from Milan of the 223 says :
" Yesterday an order was received from Vienna to
arrest about fifty persons, most of whom belong to
the higher classes of society. To-day the following
were arrested :—The Marquis Rosales, president of
the Union Club; Count Caesar Battaglia; the young
Marquis Ccesar Soncino Stamp, and some others.
Rosales has been placed in the dungeons of Santa
Margarita; Battaglia and Soncino have been sent
away from Milan under escort. Their destination is
a mystery. In the number of arrests already affected
are those of the Marquis Filippo Villani, who was
formerly well known in Paris; Count Pertusalli, and
Count Ercole Durini, formerly an officer in the
Austrian army. Citsar Cantu, a literary man well
known in France, and Bellardi, a physician, were also
to have been arrested, but they eluded the vigilance
of the police, and have passed the frontier. The wife
of Villani went to the Viceroy, and solicited the
liberation of her husband. It was granted, but when
she went to the director of police, Torsani, he refused
to release the Marquis, observing that the Viceroy
should mind his own business."

The Official Gazette of Turin of the 24th states, on
the authority of letters of the 18th from Cagliari,
that on the previous evening the yacht, which the
English Consul at Palermo had sent in search of the
English squadron, arrived in that port; but as the
squadron was then at Palma, the yacht proceeded
there, and delivered dispatches to the Commander,
who a few minutes after set sail with the squadron
for Sicily.
A Florence journal states that the inhabitants of
Palermo have cut the aqueducts that furnish water
to the Monte Pellegrino; so that the troops stationed
there were in great distress for water.
The Piedmontese Gazette of the 24th states that the
Royal Bank of Palermo has not been touched, but, on
the contrary, is guarded by the people.
A letter from Civita Vecchia of the 20th, in the
Patnie, contains the following from Rome :—" The
Council of State has emitted an opinion-1. That the
Civic Guard should be completely armed as soon as
possible-2. That a certain part of it should be called
out on duty-3. That the arsenals should be stored
with all that is necessary for arming the reserve-4
That the army should be increased by one• third-5.
That two Italian generals, distinguished for brilliant
conduct in the wars of Africa and Spain, should have
the command of the Civic Guard."
Letters from Rome of the 21st instant announce
that Cardinal Burrorint, the Legate of Ravenna,
would succeed Cardinal FERRETTI in the post of
Secretary of State, and that the latter would replace
Cardinal BUFFONDI at Ravenna.

We have received intelligence from Lisbon to the
19th instant.

Baron DE FRANCOB (Colonel SOLLA) had been ap-
pointed Minister of War instead of Marshal SAL-
DANIIA, who held that portfolio only ad interim. It
was rumoured that Conde DE THoMAR (COSTA
CABRAL) ,would not leave Lisbon for his diplomatic
mission to Paris until next May. Conde DE VILLA
REAL was appointed to London instead of Baron DE

MON CORVO.
The number of Deputies in Lisbon was still
insuf-
„ cLey had deter.
mined to transact certain routine buoi,,es. The
debate on the Address could not come on until the
other Deputies had arrived. This debate was looked
forward to with intense interest, as it was considered
that the Conde DE TBOMAR (COSTA CABRAL) would
answer all the accusations that had been brought
against his Government.
Her Majesty's steam-ship Terrible arrived on the
16th, and started the same day for Gibraltar.
The QUEEN received on Sunday night at the Palace
and Sir HAMILTON SEYMOUR was present.
A Portuguese brig of war, the Carvalho, has ar-
rived from Angola in 72 days, with dispatches for
the various branches of Government, and twelve
sailors taken on board the Brazilian slaver Flor de
Campos, captured in the Bahia Garta, to the north
of the Dande, by the Portuguese cruiser Principe
Real.

Exchange on London, 531; Bank Shares, 390 to
395; Five per Cent. Inskziption, 53 to 54 per cent.;
Four per Cent. ditto, 44 to 45 per cent.

Madrid papers of the 22d, 23d, and24th have arrived.
An address has been presented to ESPARTERO by
a deputat ion from Oviedo, at the head of which was
General SAN MIGUEL.

The QUEEN, it appears, had originally intended to
have asked ESPARTERO to the ball at the Palace, but
CEIRISTINA commanded her MAJESTY not to invite
him, and declared that if he were invited she herselt
would not come. ESPARTERO has taken out his pass-
ports for Logrono.
The Fornento, Barcelona journal, of the 22d, an-
nounces the submission of the Carlist chief CLEMENTE
BEESD, at Vich, and the flight into France of three
other Cabecillas, named MANUEL DEL HOSTALNON,
who held the rank of Colonel, GUITART, and CARNE.
The Marquis of SANTIAGO died on the 23d.
MADRID BOLSA, JAN. 23.—The Three per Cents.
were done at 27 7.16, at fifty days ; the Five per
Cents., at 161, for the 10th of March ; the Debt
without Interest at 5i fur paper; and the Coupons
111, at fifty days.

We have received the Paris papers of Saturday.
The discussion on the fourth paragraph of the Ad-
dress has closed, and notwithstanding the charges
brought against him by MM. DR TOCQUEVILLE and
BILLAULT, M. GUIZOT has not spoken. The Minister
of Justice, M. HEBERT, was the Member of the
Cabinet who was put forward to close the discussion,
and he adopted the old trick " of herring trailing." He
began by dexterously irritating M. EMILE DE GIRAR,
DIN to interrupt him, and he succeeded, whereupon
he entered into a long history of a quarrel between
himself and M. EMILE DE GIRARDIN, which, of course,
drew forth repeated interruptions and a hot reply
from that gentleman, who in his turn was interrupted
repeatedly by M. HEBERT. Albeit M. HEBERT did
not add to the dignity of the proceedings of the
Chamber by his conduct, he completely succeeded in
his object, which was to draw the Opposition off the
scent. The affaire Petit WAS forgotten, and the
amendment of M. BILLAULT negatived without one
word of explanation from the President of the Council.
"The Government will not reply to personal attacks,"
said M. DUCRATEL, albeit M. HEBERT, the Minister
of Justice, had been for the previous two hours ex-
clusively engaged in replying to and making per-
sonal attacks. M. GUIZOT may consider this conduct
very dignified; we, however, cannot but recollect that
it is precisely the line of conduct which was pursued
by M. TESTS when under a somewhat similar accusa-
tion.
The note of Sir STRATFORD CANNING to the Swiss
Diet is thus commented on in the Constitutionnel
" We have published the memorandum full of kind
counsels which was addressed on the Bth January by
Sir Stratford Canning to the President and the
Federal Diet, in the name of the British Government.
We have compared this document with the haughty,
malevolent, threatening note which M. Bois le Comte
sent in the name of our Government to the Federal
Diet and its President. This contrast between the
language of France and that of England becomes still
more striking when we compare the two notes com-
municated with the new documents published by
the British Government. So far back as the 11th,
the 12th, the 23d, the 27th, the 28th December, that is
to say a month before M. Buis le Comte menaced the
Diet, Sir Stratford Canning congratulated himself
in a series of letters- bearing those dates on the wise

and moderate dispositions which he remarked in
President OCIISENDEIN, the organ of the Diet and the
Swiss Government, on the subject of the very ques-
tions on which our Ministry explains itself a month
after in a tone of menace. Amnesty, early cessation
of the occupation, sincere respect for cantonal sove-
reignty fairly understood, peremptory refutation of
calumnious accusations repeated a few days ago by
Count DE MONTALEAIIIERT, and authorised by the
adhesion of M. GUIZOT, conciliation towards the con-
quered cantons, patriotic indignation at the ma-
uceuvres, the intrigues, the threats of the foreigner,
such is the resume Of the words of the President
OCIISENDEIN, collected by Sir STRATFORD CANNING.
Some days later the English Government only caused
to be repeated publicly in its memorandum the kind
counsels, respectful to the independence of a free
people, which it had already given to the Diet, and
almost all of which had been accepted. What can
he said in the presence of these facts of the haughty
attitude, the offensive injunctions of our Government?"
Even the Presse, which never misses an opportunity
of finding fault with the English Government, is on
this occasion forced to confess that, as regards Swit-
zerland, the conduct of Lord PALMERSTON has been
worthy of all praise. In speaking of the principle of
continental sovereignty, the Presse says—
" England, while maintaining the same principle,
has found the means of placing herself with great
ability in the position of a benefactor to the Diet, and
thus has gained a great preponderance with it. It is
because we have unskilfully avowed our intention to
make this principle the means of maintaining •the
present institutions of Switzerland, that our dispatches
are ill received there, and that our attitude has all the
odium of an intervention without its results. The
question of conduct which we have so badly solved is,
as has been seen, of serious importance. Truly, our
not having at once comprehended this, and having
suffered England to take such an advantage, proves
that our diplomacy has been most fatally inspired.
How is it that it has not felt the degree to which it
has derogated from the spirit of the Government, which
is the offspring of the revolution of 1830, by thus
opposing every pacific change for the better by our
neighbours of the East ? How is it that it has not
recollected that, as early as 1833, a personage who
now represents our policy at Rome, M. Rossi, who
at that time was a citizen of Switzerland, acknow-
ledged and proclaimed, in the name of the Conser-
vatives themselves, the necessity for a reform in the
compact ? how is it that it has not divined that, with
regard to our interests, a power, more or less strong,
distributed in Switzerland would present a guarantee
much more serious, a responsibility much more real ?
How is it that it has forgotten that, in 1838, when
Prince Louis was forming conspiracies in Thurgau,
France saw her most legitimate remonstrances fail
before the doctrine of the sovereignty of the cantons,
carried to excess, and could not obtain theatisrince
fac-
tion without having recourse to war, if P
himself had not quitted the Swiss territory to avoid
the conflict ? In truth, there is something astounding
in so many accumulated faults ! If England has gained
the upper hand, we declare aloud that it is because
nothing h as been done to dispute it with her."
In the Chamber of Deputies on Saturday the debate
on the Address was resumed, and the paragraph re-
lating to Italy was under discussion. M. LAMAR-
TINE addressed the Chamber at great length on the
Ministerial policy. Be was answered by M. Gut-
ZOT, who deprecated all interference in the affairs of
Italy. The debate was adjourned to Monday.
In consequence of the favourable news received
from Sicily the French Funds rese on Saturday,
although not to the extent that had been anticipated.
The Three per Cents. closed on the Paris Bourse
on Saturday at 74f. 65c. ; the New Loan. 75f.
65c. ; Five per Cents., 116 f. 95c. ; the Orleans
Railroad Shares, I,lBBf. 75c.; Rouen, 908 f. 75c.
Havre, 447 f. 50c. ; Great Northern, 5371. 50c. ;
Avignon, 568 f. 75c.; Vierzon, 515 f.; Bordeaux,
480 f. ; Boulogne, 3651. ; Troyes and Montereau,
240 f. ; Basle, 1581. 75c. ; Paris and Strasburg,
407 f. 50c.; Tcurs and Nantes, 387 f. 50c.; Paris and
Lyons, 3951. ; Spanish Domestic Debt, 241 ; ditto
Passive, 4i.
The Three per Cents. were done in Paris on Sun-
day at 74f. 67ie.
BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, JAN. 29.
Central of France (Orleans and Vierzon), 14L,4 —Northern
of France, Mi —Orleans and Bordeaux, s—Paris and
Lyons, s,,,(2—Paris and Strasbourg, 3%—Sambre and Meuse,

GREAT WESTERN and WYCOMBE
RAILWAY CO.APANY.—(TIIIS I)AY.)
A general meeting of this company was held to-
day, at 449, West Strand, for the purpose of deter-
mining whether a contract for executing the whsle
f +l-- [sea sly the cuti.e..Ay '5 out should
be entered into.
Mr. l'Atm said that the meeting was held in conse-
quence of an arrangement pending between their
company and the Great Western, for the purpose of
effecting an arrangement different to that which the
Wycombe Company had entered into. The directors
of the Great Western had not acceded to an arrange-
ment which they considered would be beneficial to all
parties.
The directors had, therefore, determined not
to proceed at present with the works, and he trusted
the proprietary would coincide with the directors;
steps would be taken to petition the Commissioners
for an extension of time.
A PROPRIETOR said the Great Western could not
make the arrangement which this company desired.
The meeting approved of the recommendation of
the chairman.
The same decision applied to the Uxbridge Railway.
The meeting then separated.

INDISPOSITION OF HIS GRACE THA ARCHBISHOP
OF CANTERBURY.—The following is an answer to in-
quiries at Lambeth Palace this morning :—" Monday
Horning, Jan. 31, 1848.—His Graoe continues still very
eriously ill, with but slight improvement from last
week."
INSTITUTION FOR THE ADULT DEAF AND DUMB,
26, RED LION-SQUARE, BLOOMSBURY SQUARE.—At a
recent meeting of the Committee of Management of the
above valuable institution, it WAS stated that during the
past fete months the applications made to the charity
on behalf of the adult deaf and dumb, both tor
relief,
imme-
diate admission and tetnporary employment, or
had very considerably increased. Among the appli-
cants there were several of a very interesting and de-
, serving nature ; but it was a source of much regret that
the financial possession of the charity did not justify the
committee in entertaining any further liability. At
the breaking up of the meeting an earnest hope was ex-
pressed that the co-operation of the affluent and bene-
volent would not be wanting in caming out the inte-
resting and, to a certain degree, important objects of the
institution.
OPENING OF THE ABERDEEN RAILWAY.—The
formal ceremony of opening the southern portion of the
line took place on Thursday.
A trifling land slip took place about half-past
eleven o'clock this day on the Richmond branch of the
South• Western Railway. A portion of the bank gave
way between Wandsworth and Putney, and blocked up
part of the down line. The train, which left the Nine
Elms station was consequently transferred to the " up-
line," and a delay of about twenty minutes only was thus
occasioned. Owing to the admirable regulations of the
company, who at once sent a number of labourers to the
spot to repair the road, the damage will be completely
remedied before the evening.
SUICIDE OF A WOMAN TO EVADE JUSTlCE.—Sa-
turday Mr. Mills held an inquest at the Castle Inn,
Isleworth, on the body of Caroline Frith, aged sixty-
eight, who hung herself under the following singular
circumstances :—The deceased had a daughter by a
former husband, named Cook, and at the commencement
of the present month the girl Cook and another girl,
named Sarah Volley, were taken into custody
crona
charge of stealing some shotehse,sttohofeletndheecgecoaoesdnes. radtbl,erihnebettlasso
Criminale
cwhaasr gterdi e
da s theat
the receiver
as t
sessionot
in consequence of
The
shoesß r ehrtatd-
Court, but they were all acquitted,
itohredr club
ae
gi
sgt
raa
tme
si nhoomweery iner the
findingi di c
tt mh
aet other e
t.
been stolen, not mentioned in the first indictment, or-
dered the re-apprehension of all the parties previously
deceased heard
to
ard of this,
apprehensioncharged. T
shebed
hung herself the bedpost.andto
a A verdict
ot
of " Temporary insanity" was returned.
CHARGE OF INFANTICIDE.—For some days past a
painful sensation has prevailed at Bath, in consequence-
of the body of a new-born child having been found in
the garden of a house situate No. 8, Church-street,
Whideomb. From circumstances that transpired, it was
presumed that the child was the illegitimate offspring of
a young lady named Miss Julia Strickland. A warrant
for holding an inquest was immediately issued, and, by
the evidence of three of the daughters of Mr. Strickland,
it was proved that Miss Julia Strickland had been de-
livered of a child, but that she had stated that it was
born dead. A post-mortem examination was held on the
body, and the medical evidence went to prove that the
child was born alive. The jury, after nearly an hour's
consultation, returned a verdict that the child was born
wilfully
j intoulia
t
of the body of Julia Strickland, that it was born alive,
ie andi gwaradsekni,llead
dnbythbaetiintgwtalsirt)swo
thrown
thrown frotn
lfu
the windowiily
Strickland in order to produce its death.
CALEDONIAN RAILWAY.--We are happy to an-
nounce that at ameetingef the Caledonian Railway board
of directors, held here
yesterday,
it was resolved that
the line should be opened to the public on Tuesday, the
15th February • , and that the fares for passengers be-
tween Edinburgh and ow she Glasgow
6s. for first class, 4s. 6d. fog should
be
at
the
rate
of
r second class, and 3s. for
third class.—Scoteman.

THE DUKE OF SUTHERLAND AND 1113 SMALL
TENANTRY.—IIia Grace the Duke of Sutherland has
again announced to his tenantry in the district of
Tongue, paying less than 101. of annual rent, that he
will give premiums to them for the first, second, and
third best and largest crops of turnips, cabbages, car-
rots, leeks, and onions raised by
theiii.—Edutburgh Ad.
vernier.