The Sun.
London, England, 1848-04-10 00:00:00

411. Wining

LONDON, MONDAY, APRIL 10, 1848.

Unless the in3ane and sanguinary spirit of Dema-
fc'g':isrn acquires an unwholsome authority this day
In London, we have no fears for the subordination of
the metropolis. Of themselves the men of Middlesex
are not to be dreadedas enemies of constitutional
tranquillity. Beor Theophilanth Chartists,
they r •
Socialists,or , ourierists or
dreams of Susquebanall—
Th r.opists,. or lovers. oi.the
tions of Great Britain is not
yo
iforcl re aont.
ob.edience to theinstitu-
unless the disquieting
Once le
'Dilatant to be doubted,
magoguetsm is al-
lowed to become audible.
resounde t the tones of this
dangerous instigator to sedition
'and above the
solemn warnings of the Law
certain
to be a popular convulsion —a thereconvul 7,,jurious
md eoesstnt;ueci3t I:3e. 8 eodf
to the cause of true liberality in legislait°ill
to the rational wants of society, and
those liberties which are at once the
achievements and the holiest attributes of demPreel7 That there are, just now, extraordinar induce_
•
ments to a commotion is testified by the vasty rations both of a military and municipal charactePrrn?ad-
throughout the capital according to:the ordonatiaones
of the Government. Those who may have strolled
through London this morning will have recognised
the existence of some great doubt in the minds of its
more peaceably disposed inhabitants. Almost all the
shops closed in the principal thoroughfares—the pave-
ments nearly deserted, even in those lin©s of transit,
which may be termed the chiefarteries of the metropolis
—many of the omnibus proprietors frightened into the
cessation of their perpetual employment, groups
scattered at the street corners--everything betokens
the presence of a calamitous anticipation. Those who
have fomented the passions of the multitude (and we
could publish their names in catalogue, but that we
will not hold such despicable men up to the vengeance
of the nation)--those, we say, who have fomented
th passions of the multitude, merely for the

furtherance of an odious notoriety, and who
abandcn their dupes in the moment of danger, out of
a pusillanimous affection for their personal safety and
convenience, are the parties really responsible, really
culpable, and really seditious. But for the ferment
caused by the pernicious declamations of such brawlers,
London would at this moment be remarkable only
for the uninterrupted preservation of its industrial
happiness. But for these promoters of anarchy, the
people would never, in their wildest imaginations,
have projected an assault against a generous,
democratic, and decidedly popular Govern-
ment. They could never, we maintain, have
conceived such a suicidal course of proceeding
but for the evil suggestions instilled into their hearts
through the medium of an insidious language.
Before too much has been accomplished in accord-
ance with these mad and ferocious recommendations,
we would remind our fellow-citizens of the fact, that
the very Parliament they are called upon to intimi-
date is the incarnation of themselves. Without
speaking still more decisively, we are surely correct
in terming such schemes at self-intimidation as
ridiculous. The House of Commons is the
representative, the organ, and the very em-
bodiment of the people, and yet it is
this symbol of themselves they are required to awe
by their projected demonstration. Were the Lower
House in Westminster in any respect an aristocratic
institution, we should speak otherwise. Were the
floor of that legislative chamber in any respect the
seed plot, as it were, of measures injurious to the
community, we should mention it merely in terms of
derision and abhorrence. 'Were the House of Peers
an impassable obstruction in the way of the Liberal
movement ; were the Cabinet merely a congregation
of insolent statesmen or obsequious administrators ;
were the SOVEREIGN a cherisher of the principles
of Absolutism and a foe to the advancement of
political reform, we should be more clamourous than
the most turbulent, we should exceed the most obstinate
in determination, and the most violent in audacity.
But when we scrutinize the fabric which has risen
up in this island, not like the architectural exhalation
of Pandemonium, but like a majestic and human.edi-
fice—when we scrutinise this fabric with the jealousy
inspired by our democratic predilections, when we
behold in the MONARCH merely the type of our
national greatness, in the aristocracy merely the
token of our wealth and magnificence, and in the
Commons merely the representatives of our in-
tellect, our energy, and our will,—when we
see these three institutions co-operating with each
other to modulate the tone of the Government to the
key-note of the age, and to work out, by every possible
means, the prosperity of the million, we perceive the
necessity of evidencing our obedience to the law and
of revealing our homage for the Constitution of Great
Britain by our respectful attitude in the presence of
an august Legislature. These are the considerations
which assure us that, with Englishmen, Loyal= is
merely synonymous with PATRIOTISM.

The Emperor of Rcssta has issued a manifesto.
Unwarned by the portentous incidents of the last few
weeks, untaught by the examples of his brother
sovereigns, the Emperor of RUSSIA has just issued a
manifesto conceived in a spirit of conservative des-
potism, conveying the authoritative commands of an
" Imperial Master," and hurling an audacious defiance
at every attempted liberal innovation. And this
manifesto bears the date of March, 1848 T. This arbi-
trary mandate of absolutism actually bears the date of
this year of reformation and liberalism one thousand
eight hundred and forty-eight. And doing so, it occu-
pies a peculiarly isolated position—" none but itself can
be its parallel." It stands out in opposition to the
numerous manifestoes which have recently been
issued by nearly all the Sovereigns of Europe. It
breathes no conciliatory spirit, it offers no advisable
concession. The great movement which has so
quietly and yet effectually shaken the arbitrary
power of Kings, and exalted the rightful influence of
the People, is spoken of in the following respectful
terms :—" Insurrection and anarchy, the offspring of
France, have soon crossed the German frontier, and have
spread themselves in every direction with an audacity
which has gained new force in proportion to the
concessions of the Governments. This devastating
plague has at last attacked our allies, the empire of
Austria and the kingdom of Prussia, and to-day its
blind fury menaces even our Russia, that Russia
which GOD has confided to our care." Then follows
an earnest declaration on the part of the EMPEROR: to
encounter his enemies from whatsoever side they may
present themselves, and to defend the honour
of the Russsian name and preserve the
inviolability of the Russian territory. Evidently
impressed with a full conviction of the " right
divine" of kings, the AUTOCRAT of Russia concludes
his arbitrary manifesto with the following—we can
hardly consider appropriate—quotation :—" GOD is on
our side, understand this, ye peoples, and submit, for
GOD is on our side." how far the Russians may
coincide in the sentiments of their SOVEREIGN their
future conduct alone can declare ; it may be they are
not yet prepared for their enfranchisement—not suf-
ficiently free to be fit for freedom.

But the simultaneous movements of other nations
cannot be without effect, even amongst the subjects
of the most despotic rule. If the examples of other
Sovereigns have failed to enlighten NicnoLas, the
examples of other people cannot fail to enlighten the
Russians. But it is not the welfare of Russia
that is so much endangered by these despotic
demonstrations on the part of NICHOLAS, as
tha welfare and very existence of Poland.
The revolution in that kingdom has as yet made

little progress—at
seeretlyandstead least,
ilyit islitptle vise
rogreisbsil
.ngt,progress;
at but
urit
AstrtaltNio'anr,sabwut, suevchenannow, event there hies r
he
oi
us
rnl
yo outwardmt
edde
and
.
the Government are taking every precaution to sup-
press, or, if possible, to prevent it. The newspapers
are not suffered to publish any intelligence
of the movements in Prussia and Austria, the
authorities rightly divining what effect such intern.
gence must produce. This is only another demon-
stration of a fact which receives almost daily
illustration, namely, that the more arbitrary a
Government, the more strenuously it endeavours
to check the liberty of the press, and vice versa.
But this is not the only precaution adopted by
the Russian authorities of Warsaw. The Poles
are ordered to deliver up their arms, all meetings
among them are forbidden, and, as a climax to these
tyrannical precautions, every person walking in the
streets at night is obliged to carry a lighted lantern !
.NicuonAs and his emissaries are mistaken. It is not
thus in the present day that men are to be intimi-
dated and nations governed.

Madrid journals of the Ist and 2d have arrived.
Both the Univer:ity and the Medical School of
San Carlos have been closed,
.by order of the Go.
vernment.

General CIIACON has been arrested, and sent as a
prisoner to Pampeluna.
Another outbreak in Madrid was daily expected.
MADRID BOLSA, APRIL I.—The Three per Cents.
closed at 21 cash, 21i paper ; the Five per Cents., at
13i ; and Coupons, 9i paper.

THE FRENCH REPUBLIC.

PROCEEDINGS AT PARIS.

We have received the Paris papers of Saturday and
yesterday.
Among the officers elected for the National Guard
is M. D'ALTON SuEE, ex-Peer of France.
It was rumoured in Paris on Saturday that Baron
JA`IES ROTHSCHILD had been offered the Ministry of
Finance.

The 2lloniteur publishes the following
decree :
Provisional
Government decrees—
" Art.l. In order to give to political and adminis-
trative instruction the development necessary fur the
Republic there shall be a series of professorships esta-
blished in the College of France under the following
denominations
" 1. French political law and general political law
compared.
" 2. International law and the history of treaties.
" 3. Laws relating to private property.
" 4. Criminal law.
" 5. General economy and statistics of the popu-
lation.
" 6. General economy and statistics of agricul-
ture.
"7. General economy and statistics of mines,
forges, arts, and manufactures.

"8. General economy and statistics of public
works.

" 9. General economy and statistics of finance
and commerce.
" 10. Administrative law.
" 11. History of French and foreign administra-
tive institutions.

" Article 11. The professorship of the law of na-
ture and nations, of political economy, and of com-
parative legislation, are suppressed, inasmuch as their
object is otherwise provided for.
" Article 111. The professorship of the Turkish
language is suppressed, inasmuch as since its institu-
tion a similar object has been attained by a professor-
ship of the Turkish language established in the special
school for the Eastern languages.
" Article IV.—The professorship of Latin poetry is
united with the professorship of Latin oratory, which,
by analogy with the Greek professorship, assumes the
name of the Latin language and literature.
" Article Y.—The professorship of mechanics,
which was suppressed by a decree of the year 1772,
is re-established. _

"Article Vl.—The pupils intended to supply the
different branches of the administrative service, con•
formably to the decree of the Bth of March, 1848,
shall be obliged to follow the course of instruction in
the College of France.
"Article Vll.—They shall retain the name of
pupils of the College of France.
" Article VIII.—The Provisional Minister of Pub-
lic Instruction and Religious Worship is charged
with the execution of the present decree.
" Done at a Council of the Government, held at
Paris, April the ith, 1848, and signed by the Mem-
bers of the Provisional Government."

The Constitutionnel states that, according to its
latest accounts from Savoy, the column of Savoyards
which invaded that country from France had been
beaten and driven back on the French territory.
The German Republicans who left Paris in a body,
some days since, have determined to remain at Stras-
burgh until the result of the deliberations of the
Assembly at Baden shall be known.

The Toulonnais, of the 4th instant, contains the
following letter from the frontiers of Morocco :

" The occupation of the Zaffarine Islands by the
Spaniards, as it was easy to foresee, was not favour-
ably viewed by the Moors, who, not being able to
attack the garrison of those; islands, assail the presi-
thus, the garrisons of which are constantly on the qui
vire. The Kabyles of the Riff having approached
Melilla with three pieces of artillery, all the troops
that presidio marched out on the 16th ult., and, sup-
ported by the schooner Bidassoa and the steamer Vul-
cano, which had posted themselves close to the shore,
attacked the Kabyles and destroyed their artillery
after an obstinate resistance. On that day the natives
showed themselves in considerable numbers, and the
Spaniards, who have surprised the Kabyles, were
surrounded and obliged to retreat before those masses.
The convicts, 100 in number,.who followed the co-
lumn, behaved very well. After the Spanish troops
had withdrawn the Kabyles kindled large fires on the
neighbouring heights, which were occupied at night
by at least 30,000 men. The Spanish troops em-
ployed in the defence of the presidios never fought a
sharper engagement than that of the 16th, and there
is every reason to suppose that Spain will have a fierce
enemy in the population of the Riff, whose irritation
has been roused to the highest degree by the occu-
pation of the Zaffarinas. Tranquillity prevails along
the French frontier."

" A great movement of troops," says the Constitu-
tionnel, "is taking place along the frontier. Yester-
day, the 6th, the 4th battalion of Chasseurs, which
held the garrison at Grenoble, was to leave for Fort
Barraux and Chapareillan. The last village is close
to the Sardinian frontier. Two battalions of the 13th
Regiment of the Line were ordered to be stationed
between Grenoble and Voiron. Dauphill6, lately so
tranquil, is beginning to assume a warlike aspect."
Disturbances had occurred at Besam;on, at St.
Omer, and at Dunkirk, but they had been put down.
It is said that M. GAANIER PAGES has proposed a
plan, which has met with the approval of the Provi-
sional Government, for the purchase of all the rail-
ways in France.
The National has the following on Spanish affairs :

" A correspondence has been communicated to us
this evening, which announces that in the private and
confidential councils held at Madrid, Christina and
Narvaez have resolved to put their trust in the
Carlists, and to offer them their hands. The essential
basis of this alliance is to be the dissolution of the
marriage of the Queen, who will then be married to
the Count de Montemolin, who will be proclaimed
King by right and by fact. In return, the son of
Don Carlos is to insure to the throne of Isabella the
assistance of his partizans against all revolutionary
attempts. Nevertheless, the project is so foolish in
the present state of Spain, that we give it with every
reserve."

The Moniteur publishes a decree in which the
Provisional Government reprobates the assaults
which have been committed on foreign workmen,
and places them under the safeguard of the French
workmen.

There was considerable discussion yesterday, among
the frequenters of the Passage de I'Opera, on the plan
which it is reported the Provisional Government in-
tend to adopt with regard to the Bank of France.
According to this plan, all the departmental banks
would be done away with, only one great establish-
ment being permitted to exist in the kingdom, under
the name of the Banque Nationale. The share-
holders of the banks of France, and of those of
Havre, Bordeaux, Marseilles, Lisle, &c., are to
be reimbursed in bank notes. In addition, the
Banque Nationale is, it is said, to be charged
with the purchase of all the railways, and
probably at a later period, of all concessions of mines,
canals, &c., still by means of new issues of bank
notes. It is supposed that not less than two mil-
liards of notes would
,be required to buy out the
present shareholders, and to continue the railway
works that have been commenced. Railway shares
are, it is said, to :be expropriated after the quota-
tions of February 23, for the lines on which the
capital has not yet been paid up, and on ap-
praisement for the
,lines already liberated, and at
work. The whole amount of notes then in circula-
tion would be two milliards and a half, but there
would not be any 'other notes throughout France.
The notes thus issued would be guaranteed in the
first place by tho state domains, and next, by the
receipts, property, and stock of every kind of the
railways. The holders of railway shares seemed
not averse to this plan, as they would prefer being
paid in bank notes to being given five per cent.
stock at par, that security losing at present nearly
50 per cent.

C 01.7118 AUTHENTIQUE.-PARIS, APRIL 8.-Five per
Cents., 52f. 50c. 53f. 52f. 25c. 50c. 53f. .52f. 50c. 75c. 53f.
52f. 75c. 53f. 53f. 25c. 54f.; Three per Cents., 35f. 35f.
75c. 50c. 36f. 36E 50c. 37f. 37f. 50c.; Bank Actions,
1,025 f. I,ooof. 995 E I,ooof, 995 f. 990 E; Romans, 49i;
Belgian Five per Cents., 1840, 53, 524 54 53k; ditto,
Five per Cents., 1842, 53k; ditto, Four-and-a-Half per
Cents, 45; Spanish Three per Cents., 151. Exchange
on London, one month, paper, 25f. 30c.; three months,
paper, 25f.
BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, APRIL 8.

Boulogne and Amiens, 51/4 —Namur and Liege, I—North-
ern of France, 24—Orleans and Bordeaux, 1 1,; —Paris
and Lyons, I%—Paris and Orleans, 16—Paris and Rouen,
111,4—Rouen and Havre, 6.

GERMANY

AND

THE NORTHERN STATES.

VIENNA.
We have received intelligence from Vienna to the
2d April. It informs us that a deputation, headed by
Professor lIYE, waited that evening on the Minister,
VON PILLEREDORF, to express the general dissatisfac-
tion of the people with the new law relative to the
press, and to request him to reconsider its most ex-
ceptionable provisions. The Minister excused the
imperfection of the law on the ground of haste, and
Promised to refer it to a committee, with a view to
modification.

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