The Sun.
London, England, 1848-07-24 00:00:00

LONDON, MONDAY EV

come brisk, exports would be made on a largo scale; the
merchants in the departments, who dare not purchase
through fear of an extraordinary fall in prices, nhich
might produce a glut, would be anxious to supply- them
selves through a dread of a sudden rise; the manufac-
tories would become active; labour, that elan n:, ut
order and security, would act upon consumption; and
consumption, acting in its turn on labour, would give it
fresh activity. The objection made to raise the draw-
back to 10 per cent. is the heavy charge it would impose
on the Treasury, but this objection would fall to the
ground if the drawback was limited to a certain amount
of goods. For example, 300,000,000 f. worth exported
with a drawback of 5 per cent. would cost the Treasury
15,000,0001. (600,0001.) It would be sufficient, however,
when raising the drawback to 10 per cent. to fix
15,000,000 f. (600,0001.) as the limit of the sacrifice to be
made by the Government. The charge on the Treasury
would remain the same, but it would have a more
prompt, immediate, and energetic action, and better
suited to the crisis through which we are passing. In
place of exporting merchandise to the value of
300,000,000. (12,000.0001.) slowly and with difficulty,
150,000,0001. (6,000,0001.) worth might be sold rapidly
under the spar of a double amount of drawback, and such
a movement would cause the remaining 150,000,000 f,
worth to be bought up either for home consumption or
for exportation. As to the political bearing of this
sacrifice of 15,000,0001., it may be explained in a few
words. The manufactories for spinning and weaving
employ 1,600,000 persons, who earn on an average 22
sous (11d.) daily. If those factories are abandoned to
their own resources, the production will be diminished
by one-hulf, and 800,000 operatives will be deprived of
employment, which, for four months, represents a sum
of 87,000,0001. (3,480,0001.) Thus the Government
may, by an outlay of 15,000,0001. provide employment
for 800,000 operatives who suffer most amidst our
population."

This is a plan which will, no doubt, be looked upon
by the Protectionists as the perfection of wisdom,
and yet it differs nothing in principle from the plans
of M. PROUDHON. M. PROUDLION would at once
confiscate one-third of all the property of France to
provide employment or relief for the ouvriers gene-
rally, and his plan is denounced as Communism. The
Constitutionnel proposes to take from the taxation of
the country, a smaller amount, to be devoted to
the purpose of providing a smaller amount of
employment for a smaller class of ouvriers, and
that plan is called Protection; but it is the same in
principle as the plan of M. PROUDHON. The taxa-
tion must necessarily be levied upon the property of
the country, and should be devoted only to the pay-
ment of the, expenses of the State. Any diversion of
any portion of the taxation of the State to the pay-
ment of bounties such as those recommended by the
Constitutionnel, necessitates the levying of such addi-
tional sum from the tax-payers, and is, pro tanto, a
confiscation of their property and for the same object fur
which M. PROUDHON would confiscate their property.
The only difference between them is this, that M.
Paounuory applies the principle of confiscation
directly, the Constitutionnel applies it indirectly; to
parody the mot of SAMUEL TAYLOR COLERIDGE, " A
Protectionist is a Communist with a eireunthendibus."

THE FRENCH REPUBLIC.

We have received the Paris papers of Saturday and
yesterday.

The Moniteur of Saturday publishes the following :

"The Government of the Republic yesterday received
the following telegraphic dispatch The Austrians
entered Ferrara on the 14th inst., to the number of
5,000; they occupied the principal posts of the city, and
levied a war contribution. The Pope protested, and the
Chamber of Deputies unanimously voted a proposed
league between all the states of Italy against Austria.'"
The particulars of this irruption of Austrians into
the Pontifical dominions, and of their speedy retreat,
will be found among our Italian intelligence.
The Bien Public of Saturday has' the following.
It is interesting, as being the appreciation by M. DE
LAHARTING of the character of M. LBDRU ROLLIN :
" The Siecle desires to know our opinion of M. Ledru
Rollin. The day after the barricades M. Ledru Rollin,
still thrilling with the revolutionary tradition of the
Montagne, appeared to us a republican a great deal too
crimson. M. Ledru Rollin gravely deceived himself in
his calendar. Ile for an instant dreamed of a govern-
ment of intimidation. This was tearing France in two,
and there was his error. And this error, we do not fear
to say, enormously contributed to disaffect the country ;
the 45 centimes especially clenching the prose of the
bulletins. And now, as we are anxious above all things
to be just, we think it right to declare that M. Ledru
Rollin allowed himself to be led away, in those circum-
stances, by two bad genii who held the pen by his side.
His speeches aro evidently better than his circulars. He
is only a tribune on the surface, and we believe there is
in him the stuff of a man of government."

The question of the ouvriers is again occupying
public attention. The present state of this impor-
tant question shows the infinite dangers that every
state must incur which does not take political eco-
nomy for its guide ; the greater portion of the evils
from which France is now suffering may be traced
to the false step adopted by Provisional Governments
in instituting the ateliers nationaux, and in holding out
the hope that it was possible for any Government to
organize labour.
The Minister of Public Works has just drawn up
a series of regulations relative to work by the piece
in the ateliers nationaux. The works are to consist
in the improvement of the national departmental and
the cross roads, in improving navigation, construct-
ing railways, extracting stone, sand, &c., and are to
be confided exclusively to the men of the ateliers
nationaux. During the first fortnight a minimum
pay of one franc a-day is assured to the men, and

any man refusing work is to be immediately deprived
of assistance from the State. Each man engaged is
supplied with a licret, signed by the engineer direct-
ing the works, and containing the principal condi-
tions to which he has to submit.
The examination of the project for the Constitution
in the Bureaux is now nearly finished, and it is sup-
posed that the Members will terminate their labours
to-day.
The ilfoniteur publishes a decree of the Chief of

the Executive Government, conferring the decoration
of the Legion of Honour on several of the Garde

Mobile .

The claims upon the credit of 200,000 f., voted as
compensation for the damage done in the days of Fe-
bruary, amounted up to . the 10th inst. to only
167,0001., and it is not expected that any further im-
portant demands remain to be made.
By recent decrees Rear-Admiral BRIrAT has been
nominated Maritime Prefect of Toulon in the room
of Vice-Admiral PARSEVAL DESCIIENES, Rear-Ad-
miral LAELACE, Maritime Prefect at Rochefort, in
the room of Captain VAILLANT ; Vice-Admiral PAR..
SEVAL DESCIIENES, Inspector-General of crews in
the ports of Cherbourg, Brest, and Lorient ; Vice-
Admiral llameurr, Inspector-General of crews at
Rochefort and Toulon ; Vice-Admiral CAST, member
of the Admiralty, in the room of M. HAMELIN; and
Captain VAILLANT, member of the Admiralty, in the
room of M. VERNINAC.

In the sitting of the National Assembly on Satur-
day, M. GotiDcuAux, the Minister of Finance,
brought forward his proposition for a loan, and in so
doing made a statement explanatory of the present
state of the finances. He said—

" That his predecessor had presented on the Bth ult.
the modified budget of 1848, in which it was errone•
ously mentioned that the receipts would exceed the
expenditure by 4,600,000 f. After carefully examining
that project, he had ascertained that the hopes enter-
tained by M. Duclerc could not be realised. He would
now submit to the Assembly the result of that examina-
tion, together with the means he proposed in order to
cover the deficit of that year. He trusted that that
exposé would dissipate any exaggerated uneasiness, and
that with a severe economy, and a prudent reserve in the
vote of laws tending to increase the expenses, it would
be easy to meet all difficulties. He was sorry to inform
the Assembly that different branches of revenue had
fallen off considerably. The diminution in the proceeds
of the direct tax would amount to 20,000,000 f., and the
indirect tax to 60,000,000 f. The tax on mortgages,valued
at 45,000,000 r., would not afford more than 20,000,000 f.;
that on sbiccessions, estimated at 30,000,000 f., would
produce nothing; the project on insurances, which was
to give 5,000,000 f., had been withdrawn; and the
25,000,000 f, of the National Loan having been paid in
Treasury bonds, and not in specie, were unavailable.
M. Goudchaux calculated that the deficit would not
be less than 13:5,000,000f.,and that, with various other ex-
pwehni seehs ,t
hi
et
Gw oe ay
el dr
eammeouutn th
ai nd tno oot
h2eor9,oe
x 0 0t ;Oat),
rOdf.i,etaor3m ee
re-
sourcet
than the loan of 150o,t0v00eprOtu,i0mbol0f. concluded with the
anrialplepcGal eiclitcrheaddit,, a
rßeari)llvelzodfi
toF makeran
France.
loan of from
resolved
d 't,
to the National Assembly to einp-iwer it to contract a
to satisfy all the demands of the State. M. Goudchaux
next reed a project of decree, the first article of which
declared that the loan of 250,000,000 f. voted last year,
not having been executed, was null and void. By the
second article, a credit of 13,000,000 f. Rente was to be
opened in the Ministry of Finance, which would be paid
in monthly instalments of 7f per cent. from the 7th of
August. The Minister, iu conclusion, announced that
fixed for e Monday,
Assembly
the Government found it necessary to maintain the tax
on salt and liquors until 1850." that
The
stt
sitting
decree
was
fixd
Saturday,
also decreed the Mobilization of 300 battalions of Na.
tional Guards.
InT he
the discussion
course
ofott the

it is romoured that 31. ARMAND MARRAST will bit

appointed Minister of the French Republic at the
Court of London.

Some of the certificates of the old Loan, contracted
by the late Government in 1847, were negotiated
on Sunday in the Passige de l't)pera at 2,230 f. ; they
were originally issued tor 3,000 f., and were sold the
day before at the Bourse, in the morning, at 1,5001.
This increased value is to be attributed to the decla-
ration of M. Gouncuaux, in his financial statement,
that "the certificates of the two first instalments of
the loan of 250 millions, forming the guarantee de-
posit of 7f. 522 c. for 3f. of Rente, shall be comprised
until the 17th of next August for the same value of
7f. 52ic. for sf. of Rente in the payment of the first
term of the new loan." Of the adoption of the BM
of the Assembly there does not appear to be any
doubt.