The Sun.
London, England, 1846-02-23 00:00:00

THE SUN LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY' 23, 1846.

the Aldermen had discontinued their sittings in the Town-hall..
It was true that the chair_ had, been, for years the refuge
for the pauper peerage of the City. On the death- of the two
last pensioners, it was, as he had heard, the intention of the
Court to give 8001. a year to two members of the Court : but
there being no unanimity upon that subject, it was proposed
to divide the 8001. a year equally amongst the Aldermen who
had passed the chair, but Sir Peter Laurie, who hated a job,
and did not wish to participate in the labour, se:zed upon the
clause before mentioned, and the sittings in the Town-hall were
discontinued.--(Laughter.) On the grounds of public policy,
and because he believed the incorporation of the borough with
the City would really strengthen the latter to accomplish many
useful objects for the benefit of themselves and the great com-
munity by which they were surrounded, he supported the
motion. The sooner Bridge Ward Without was made not a
sinecure ward, bat really efficient withrepresentatives, and the
sittings of the Aldermen resumed, the better, or perhaps those
who were struggling for a participation of privileges might
apply to another quarter, and thus dissever themselves from the
City for ever.—( Hear, hear.)
Sir Plaice. LAURIE declared that he had actually brought
back the Aldermen to the borough after they had left it.
• The petition was then referred to a committee.

and pursutMt to, thd statute 7th:aild Bth Vicfofia; dhap-
ter 110, section 4, was, or were, decided or ascertained
and determined, return and register such particular or
particulars pursuant to the said statute, whereby he had
become liable to forfeit for every such offence a sum not
exceeding 201.
The justice-room was, from an early hour, crowded
with provisional directors, shareholders, engineers, and
others connected with railroads, and an immense interest
was excited.

Mr. Duncan appeared for the complainant, and Mr.
Wordsworth attended on behalf of the defendant.

It is necessary to state that, previously to the passing
of the above-recited Act, many projects were advertised
ostensibly for the purpose of forming companies, but, in
reality, for the purpose of swindling the public, and that
one great object of the Act was to check such evil, and
amongst other great objects were the following :—To
prevent parties' names from being used in a prospectus
without their knowledge and consent, and also their
participation in the risk of the project ; and to insure
that, the Act requires each to sign a written consent and
agreement to act and share the risk, the Legislature, of
course, presuming that inasmuch as shares would not
not sell without the names of persons of wealth and in-
fluence in the prospectus, and that such persons
would not allow their names to appear in, or consent
to participate in the risk of any project which they had
not ' themselves ascertained to be good, the public
would have some guarantee that projects put forth with
the names of persons of wealth and influence were good.
To enable the creditors of, and persons deal-
ing with parties projecting companies to ascertain
readily, and at the same time with certainty, who were
the parties putting forth projects, and whether the en-
gineers whose names appeared on the prospectuses were
in fact acting for the respective companies, to enable
landowners and others, whose properties projected com-
panies proposed to interfere with, to ascertain nearly
and with certainty whom they had to deal with, and to
enable them to avoid the loss they would sustain in pre-
paring for an opposition to a company, and then finding
such company to be a more bubble, and that the names
on the prospectus were those of fictitious persons, or of
persons ignorant of the fact that their names were on it,
and that in reality the project was never intended to be
carried out, but was merely set going to induce the
public to take a sufficient number of shares, the de-
posits on which would pay the preliminary expenses.
Many persons of wealth and influence having virtually
consented to the appearance of their names as connected
with companies, without any idea of the serious risk they
ran, and under the idea that as they signed no document
and attended no meetings, and in no way acted, they
incurred no risk, the Act intended to prevent that by
requiring all such persons to sign such documents as
should inform them of it. The Act also required all
prospectuses, advertisements, &c., &c., to be registered
before publication to prevent projectors and companies
from issuing papers containing statements they dared not
avow, and which, after they had served the purpose of
deceiving-the public, they could disavow. It likewise
aimed at preventing unscrupulous persons of wealth and
influence from conniving at the use of their names in
prospectuses, with a view if the project turned out well,
by participating in the profits, and if it turned out badly,
of avoiding responsibility by so acting as not to suffer
any evidence of their having so connived at the use of
their names to be procurable. As the gentlemen of the
bar engaged in the case were the whole of the day occu-
pied in arguing upon points of law, which had no refe-
rence to the merits of the question, we give an analysis
of the statement made to the Lord Mayor by the com-
plainant himself upon applying for the summons against
the defendant arid another gentleman described as one of
the promoters of the company.
Mr. White, who was on the olcasion alluded to ac-
companied by a great number of individuals described as
surveyors employed upon the line, stated that the mo-
tives they all had for the prosecution were to obtain frail
the prosecutor's moiety of the penalty in that and simi-
lar prosecutions against other members of the provisional
committee of the company a sum sufficient to enable the
surveyors to sue the company for the money due- for the
survey, amounting to about 3,0001. It was needless to
observe that of the eighty persons thus employed and
thus unrewarded, many suffered severe inconvenience.
The company's excuse for their refusal to pay was, that
the survey was: not in tima for going before Parlia-
ment in the present session.. With the exception of a
very small part of the section the survey was complete,
and the delay of the company in having the survey
commenced, and the very gross neglect of their duties
by the engineers, especially the latter, were the real causes
of the break down, and the company sought to throw the
loss on the working surveyors, The Messrs. Dempsey,
the surveyors who took the contract, were unable to sue
the company for want of funds, and it was proposed that
they should assign the debt to trustees, for the benefit of
the parties who did the work, and that- such trustees
should sue Many of these parties were in absolute want,
their homes being in Ireland, Yorkshire, and other dis-
tant places, and having no money to defray their expenses
home or to enable them to stay here. If the proposed
application of the moiety of the penalty in the case should
be illegal, Mr. White would willingly-devote it to the
poor-box.
Upon hearing this representation,
The LORD MAYOR told the complainant that in such a
case, to which an Act of Parliament of an extremely
complicated and unintelligible nature applied, it would be
advisable in him to employ counsel.
Mr. Wordsworth, the learned counsel for the de-
fendant, rose to object to time wording of the summons.
lie was not urged •to make the objection from any ap-
prehension that his client would sustain injury from a
strict consideration of the merits of the case, but the act
was penal, and he was justified, as a professional roan,
in taking advantange of any informality. It should, he
wished to impress upon the magistrates, be remembered
that the proceeding was instituted by an informer, who,
in ease of conviction, would be entitled to a moiety of
the penalty.
Alderman FAREBROTHER—Is the complainant a pro-
prietor in the company ? Mr. White--No, Sir ; but I
am deeply interested. I have been diddlt d out of a
great deal of money by the company.
Mr. Wordsworth said, the objection he made was upon
the face of the summons. In ordinary cases, the mode
of proceeding was by information, and informations were
required to be set out with all the particulars necessary
in an indictment. By the Act 7th and Bth Victoria,
aftecting Joint-Stock Companies, proceedings by infor.•
mation were dispensed with ; and he contended that as
proceedings by summons were substituted, it was indis-
pensable that the offence, or the offences charged, should
be described with as much certainty in the summons as
in other cases was required in the informations. The
learned counsel then, at considerable length, contended
that the words " one and all the particulars required to
be registered, in accordance with and pursuant to the
statut," did not by any means adequately point out the
offence, and that the Act required a detail of the parti-
culars.
, Alderman FAREBROTIIER presumed that the company
was abandoned ?
Mr. Wordsworth said that such was the case, because
they were not ready at the period limited by Parliament.
He assured the magistrates that the Company was a bona
fide concern, and no bubble.
Mr. Duncan contended that the summons sufficiently
described the offence with which the defendant was
•charged. There were several charges, all of which
'could be proved. There was no registration of the
company, no registration of the names or occupations
of the promoters, and, in fact, the case was overwhelmed
with instances of the violation of the Act of Parliament,

The LORD MAYOR and Alderman FAREBROTHER
decided that the summons sufficiently described the
offence or offences with which the defendant was charged.
Mr. Duncan then briefly stated th,e case of the com-
plainant, and declared that it was evident that not one
of the essentials required by the Act as to registration
had been performed.
Mr. Wordsworth here produced a register, which
purported to be signed by Mr. Smith, who was desig-
nated as the registered solicitor of the company,
which, it appeared, had changed its name twice, and
made some alteration in the line of road each time. It

was admitted that Mr. Smith had signed himself as the
registered solicitor by mistake, and both counsel de-
clared that not the slightest blame was attributable to
that gentleman, whose respectability was unques-
tionable.

Mr. Wordsworth said he would satisfy the magistrates
as to the correctness of the registration by the evidence
of witnesses, and called
Mr. George Taylor, assistant-registrar of Joint-Stock
Companies, appointed by the Board of Trade. The two
documents produced were duly issued, viz., the pro-
visional register of the Trunk Union Railway, and a re-

turn of the names, business, and addresses Of the pro

,meters. It was not usual to grant new certificate; of
registration, but alterations were made, if required, in
tho old registers. There was an alteration on the 18th
of E.4eptember, as appeared by the books, in which was an
entry "IT a party acting for the company, of the name
of G-e.qyge Smith, Golden-square. The alteration was
m Trunk Union Railway to the Grand. Junction,
Great
tern, and South-Western Railway Company.
)r o
of September appeared an entry of the change
from
th telNiN 2i/ 3.
from the 1 at';er name to that of the Grand Junction and
Great WesLtern Railway Company.
Cross-exna*ned by Mr. Duncan—When a change was
made in a comFany, either one of the promoters or the
registered solloitor to the company attended.
Mr.. George ;;;Ituith stated that he had been solicitor to
Mr. Davy,, the projector of the Trunk Union Railway,
who died in: November. The alterations in the register
had been &one by witness or his clerk. •
Cros-exam ninecl-The Think Union Railway Company
was compelaCed and was intended to be proceeded with,
but was nierged in 'the Grand Junction, &e: They were
essentially the same company.T, •
Here, a .question arose'. as to whether the doeument
produce& Was such a one as could :_be considered a bond
fide aegis ter.
Mr.hGclodman, the chief clerk, said that the difficulty
which prosanted itself was simply this : that the Act of
Parliame;at authorised a. solicitor, who Was duly regis-
tered as such, to take all the necessary steps required
by the st:i-tute, instead of the promoter : but in 'this case
the Solicito r hid taken upon himself the alteration in
the style of ' the company without having complied with
the proyisii ins of the Act by being himself first regis-
tered as the 3 solicitor,

Mr. Dw :can said he would waive any advantages
which mi lit accruo to his client upon that point, feel-
ing confide nt that he could stand upon the merits of
the ease.

Mr. Gcri Iman—lf that be waived, then surely the de-
fendant l cuts complied with the Act of Parrarnet+t, for
he produon s a certificate of registration, by the name of
the TrtinlQtion and a certificate that a proper
return has een made •of the name,' businesti, and de-
scription of ' the promoter; alsd proof tha,, the name of
that comp any has been altered to the Grand Junction,
Great-Wes tern, an& South-Western itailway- Company,
th.at such 3 iteration has been duly registered, and that
the two 'coi npapies are evidently the same.
erman FAREBROTHER said that he could not
at all see act bad been committed, or omitted,
, ha t any

by the defendant,` fkolif Which any improper motive
could be inferred. ' ' '
The LORD MAYOR stated that the Act of Parliament
was in itself replete with difficulties, and the wording of
the section upon which the summons had been issued
was so incomprehensible, that he thought it better that
the case should stand over for a week, when he would be
prepared to give the decision.
The case lasted till late in the evening.
CROYDON.

On Saturday Mr. Edward Bilson, an inspector of the
P division of police, attended before Messrs. Adams,
Sutherland, Lucas, Barclay, and Simson, at the Town-
hall, Croydon, to answer a charge preferred against him
by -a man named Weston, who was formerly a sergeant
in the same division, of having been drunk while in the
execution of his duty on the morning of Sunday, the
30th November, and also with tossing for brandy and
water in a public-house, and abusing the landlady.
An inquiry into the same subject has been for some
time in progress by. the Commissioners of Police,
anonymous letters having been sent to them, in which
a variety of charges, of a veryserious nature, were made
against the inspector, and they eventually sent the
whole matter before the magistrates ; one ground for
their doing so being that the evidence they had obtained
was so contradictory, and the witnesses prevaricated so
much, that they could makenothing of them, and, there-
fore, they wished the Bench to make a full inquiry.
Mr. R. Russell of Croydon, attended in support of the
charge, and Mr. Robinson, an attorney, appeared for the
defendant. Mr. Robinson, the superintendent of the
division, attended to watch the proceedings on behalf of
the Commissioners of Police. _ _

--George Weston, the complainant, deposed, that in
November last he was a sergeant in the P division of
police, under inspector Bilson, and on the night of the
29th of November, he was on duty with him, and
according to his directions he went to the Bricklayers'
Arms public-house, where the defendant said he would
come to him. After waiting there some time he went
to another public-house, called the New Inn, where he
found the inspector very drunk. They went away froM
that house to the Bricklayers' Arms, the inspector being
_at the time very drunk; and while they were standing at
the bar the inspector challenged two persons who were
standing there to toss for brandy and water, and he
did eventually toss with them, and they had five or six
glasses of brandy and water, three of which the in-
spector lost. He also said that the landlady asked him
to pay two shillings for two of the glasses of liquor, and
he refused to pay her, and made use of very foul language
to her. This all took place at two o'clock on Sunday
morning ; and he said the inspector was so drunk at the
Bricklayers' Arms, that he could not stand or keep him-
self upright without leaning against the door-post ; and
he had very great difficulty in getting him home to the
station.

The witness underwent a very severe cross-examina-
tion from the inspector's attorney, and he admitted that
he made no complaint of this occurrence until more than
two months after he represented it to have taken place,
and that he at first refused to give any statement in
writing ; and it turned out, after a good deal of fencing
with the questions put to him, that he made no com-
plaint at all until he had been himself suspended, and
subsequently dismissed from the police, upon the report
of Inspector Bilson, for borrowing money from publicans
and from constables in his division. 'He likewise ad-
mitted that he had been before broke and reduced to the
rank of a private constable for misconduct, and that
he bad been charged with receiving money im-
properly, and that he was once, while engaged as
a constable, sentenced by Mr. Twyford to a
month's imprisonment in the House of Correc-
tion, for receiving money from the keeper of an
ind-
proper house, against whom he held a warrant ; but the
sentence was not carried out by reason of its being as-
certained that the complaint had not been made within
the period specified by the Police Act, and therefore he
was set at liberty, but dismissed from the police,,and he
then commenced an action against Mr. Twyford, and
soon after this he was again re-instated as a police-co*
stable, and appointed to the P division.
Mr. Robinson pressed the complainant to state
whether he was not re-appointed, after the occurrence
before Mr. Twyford, upon the condition that he should
abandon the action he had-commenced against that gen-
tleman?--The complainant denied that he had any such
understanding, and said that Sir James Graham insti-
tuted an inquiry into the matter, and was so satisfied
with his character and conduct, that he ordered him to
be re-instated as a constable.

Mr. Robinson inquired whether after this the action
which had been commenced was not immediately aban-
doned ?—The complainant replied that it was.
Mr. ADAMS said he did not think they ought to go
into such an inquiry as this. It appeared quite clear that
he had brought an action against Mr. Twyford, and that
after he was re-appointed as constable, he abandoned
that action ; it was hardly necassary to iLquire any fur-
ther into that matter.
In answer to further questions, the complainant ad-
mitted that he had been reported several times for mis-
conduct, and the only reason he gave for not having
made this charge before was, that ho did not wish to
hurt the inspector.
Some witnesses were then called with a view to corro-
borate the testimony of the complainant, but although
some of them spoke to the fact of the tossing taking
place, they contradicted each other in many material
particulars, some of them stating that the inspector was
quite drunk when he left the New Inn, and others that
he was perfectly sober. It likewise appeared that some
of the witnesses, when they were questioned by the
superintendent upon the subject, had positively declared
that the inspector did not toss or •miscrnduct himself at

all on the night in question, and .that they had
no cotnplaint to make against him. It was-also
shown that the reason why Mr. Bilson went
to the New Inn at all on, this night was, that he was
sent for on account, of a robbery.having taken place
there, and that he afterwards went to the Bricklayers'
Arms, to see if there were any lodgers of suspicious cha-
racter staying there.
Mr. Robinson, on behalf of the defendant, urged upon
the bench that there was no foundation for the charge
against him, and that it had been trumped up by the
been the cause of
ahs eni rsTdg
dhehaieesnmsdtuieopspsue
oart
slie on
aft
ertncodv
the
inn,
etg
of
atfont
ht
reha
didsi
vei havingio
was then examined,
contradictory statements made by
the witnesses, and said that one of them declared to him,
calling God at the same time to witness what he said,
that no tossing or misconduct 'whatever took place on
the night in question. He also gave the defendant an
excellent character for the period he had belonged to his
division.
Tw
question, which they remembered
particularly on account of the circumstance of the rob-
bery, one of the patrol, and a constable, who was on
duty at the time, were then examined, and they swore
the night in who were on duty at the police-sta-
tion on
that Mr. Bilson was perfectly sober at the time in
question.
After a short deliberation, Mr. ADAMS said the magis-
trates were unanimously of opinion that this charge
should be dismissed, and the reason for their conferring
together was not because they entertained any doubt as
to the propriety of their decision, but whether they
ought not at the same time to give their opinion as to
the conduct of the persons who had come forward in
support of the charge. He must say, that after listen-
ing to the material contradictions and discrepancies
in their testimony, it was impossible to place reliance
on what they stated ; and to say the least of it, there
appeared to be an association of a most extraordinary
nature for the purpose of getting up this charge. He
and his brother magistrates were unanimonsly of opi-
nion, that there was no foundation for it, and they were
likewise of opinion that, on the night in question, the
inspector was perfectly sober, and he would add,
from what the bench had seen of his conduct, that he
was a very zealous and excellent officer.

-The landlord of the Rodneyifwas examined as to.,the
parties who were in his house, And this being the whole
of the evidence, the prisoners were all remanded to
Maidstone gaol, to await further investigation. •
In the afternoon an application was made to the ma-
gistrate at Union-hall to take Hastie's deposition, as he
was sattl to be in a dying state, and upon Mr. Traill
reach* the hospital, he was informed the poor fellow
was perfectly unconscious, and it was thought he could
not survive twenty-four hours.

STATE OF • TRADE.
eFeohnatnigaeNt
OWr
report
t TRADE,in th
eforeignLEEDS, FEB.wool 20 - We
n market have
this
week. Sales have been somewhat limited, as many
buyers are wishing to learn the result of the London
sales before operating.
ENGLISH WOOL MARKET, LEEDS, FEB. 20.—Sales
of combing and clothing wools this week have not ex-
ceeded the quantity required by the manufacturers for
immediate use. Prices are "stationary.
LEEDS.—The markets both on Saturday and Tuesday
have been very dull • little has been done except in
low tweeds for the German markets. Fine and middle
cloths have been in very little demand, and low cloths
not so brisk as they were a few weeks ago. Prices con-
tinue pretty steady, and the stocks in the manufac-
turers' hands are very moderate. Business has also
been very dull in the warehouses this week ; the few
buyers who have been in the town have made their pur-
chases very sparingly.
lIECKNONDWIKE BLANKET MARKET, FEB. 19.—
There has: only been a thin attendance of merchants
this week, and not much business transacted, but pricos
are about the same as they have been for the last few
weeks. Nails and shorts suitable for blankets are very
scarce, owing to the manufacturers at Bradford working
such' short time.'

WORSTiI).—BRADFORD, THIIRSDAY.—The demand for
all kinds of combing wool, both Colonial and British,
rules heavy, and a general disinclination to buy, except
upon the lowest "possible scale compatible with the pre-
seat diminished cpnsumption, prevails. Noils and brokes,
from the small quantity making, continue firm. The
trade in yarns is'yet very discouraging, and the operations
of the spinners, who are acting on the defensive, continue
to be on a liberal scale. This is telling upon the accumu-
lated stocks. The quantity now on hand is not heavy ;
and this, with the peaceful: intelligence from America,
and the prospect of an early alteration in our restrictive
laws, would augur in favour of increased activity. There
have been rather more inquiries to-day for piece goods,
and on the whole more business was done ; awl in most
kinds of dress goods, the stocks are not heavy, and
prices remain without alteration. . .

IVIANCHESTER THURSDAY EVENING.—WO have had
a most dull and inanimate state of things in our cloth
market this week—a state of things for which it is dif-
ficult to account, seeing that all parties deem the corn-
laws as already doomed. There are those who fancy, how-
ever, that the drapers in the agricultural districts are now
purchasing, and will continue to purchase, much more
moderately for some time to come, until the atmosphere
is .a little more clear than it is at present. The dulness
pervades every department of the cotton trade, except
the spinning branch, and even this is, far from being
lively—indeed prices are giving way.
NOTTINGRA4I.—The cotton hosiery trade in nearly all
the principal branches whether wrought or cut, keeps
still slowly retrograding, and employment scarce. The
silk glove trade has felt the approach of spring, and
in some quarters there is a want of bands. The
bobbin net trade, on the contrary, though we are nearly
in (what was formed)) the busy month of March, is, if
anything, worse and more stagnant than ever.—Notting-
ham Review.

THE INSTITUTION OF CIVIL
ENGINEERS.
(Sir John Rennie, President, in the Chair.)
The paper read on Tuesday was " On water for lo-
ci emotive engines and its chemical analysis," by William
%Vest, Assoc. Inst. C. E. The author commenced by
commenting somewhat severely on the want of precaution
manifested in the choice of the watering stations on
railways, where he contended that previous analysis of
the quality of the water would have avoided not only
considerable expenditure, in subsequently procuring
fit kinds of water, but would have prevented great
destruction, of the boilers and inconveniences from
the tendency to prime which was induced by certain
substances being either in solution or held in sus-
pension. He their treatel of the various kinds of
earthy crust or " fur " deposited by evaporation ;
these he showed the various composition of the
principal components being carbonate and sulphate
of lime, whose powers of conducting heat were so in-
ferior, that when deposited upon a metallic plate or tube,
which should be in contact with the water, the caloric
traversed slowly, diminishing the evaporating power of
the fuel in proportion to the accumulation of deposit, and
at the same time oxidating the metal with great rapidity.
The various substances present in spring or river water,
such as soda, lime, magnesia, as bases, and sulphuric
acid, carbonic acid, antichlorine, which represents hydro.
chloric or muriatic acid, iron, and organic matters, were
then reviewed, and the discrepancies in the results f ana-
lysis by different chemists were treated of, and it was
shown that although there were apparent differences of
opinion among chemists, they were not in reality so great
as existed among engineers on the relative merits of the
locomotive and atmospheric systems, the screw and the
paddle-wheel, and the broad and narrow gauge. In treat-
ing of the modus operandi of analysis, the imperial gallon
was recommended as an uniform standard of quantity for
the chemist, as being a measure known to and under-
stood by all, and entdAing the engineer to discard the
minute fractions of the chemist, and to attend with exac-
titude to whole numbers in results. As an instance, it
was stated that au enginper might be tempted to disre-
gard the presence of three-quarters of a grain of de-
posit from a pint of water ; but the deposit from one
thousand gallons of such water would amount to four-
teen ounees avoirdupois, which was a very tangible
quantity. In examining the tendency of different com-
pounds to deposit, it was shown that sulphate of lime was
more disposed than the carbonate to attach itself to the
plates; that a mixture of the sulphate caused a harder de-
posit than the carbonate alone, and therefore waters
containing much sulphate should be avoided. It was
shown, also, that although what is generally termed
" hard " water might be considered inferior to " soft "
water, yet, in the question of deposit, hardness and
softness were only vague terms, and could not be
accepted as positive rules, inasmuch as muriate
of lime which imparted great hardness to water,
and therefore rendered it unfit for domestic purposes,
was a very soluble salt, and therefore did not form
any detrimental deposit or crust during ebullition. It
appeared that the author could only recommend, as a
means of precaution against incrustation, the selection
of waters which by analysis were found to contain only
soluble salts, or in situations where bad water could alone
be obtained, that the boiler should be frequently " blown
through," in order to get rid of the dense saturated part
of the water, before the crust had time to be deposited ;
the introduction of substances—such as potatoes, leather •
ings, &c.—into the boiler, in order to prevent incrusta-
tion, by enveloping the earthy particles in a slimy coat-
ing,:being inapplicable to locomotives, because of the
tendency to induce priming. The paper noticed slightly
the various patents for preventing adhesion in boilers,
and in the appendix gave the analysis of many
kinds of water which had been submitted to the
author professionally for his opinion. In the discussion
which ensued, Mr. Gooch demonstrated the importance
of the subject to railway and steam-boat companies, and
stated that his attention had been called to a process in-
vented by Dr. Ritterbandt, for preventing incrustation
in boilers. That process consisted simply in the ad-
dition of a small quantity of muriate of ammonia to
the water in the boiler. It had been found that this
process not only effected the object proposed, but that
it disintegrated and removed the incrustation alreedy
formed. In all the locomotives in which it had been
used, the steam was much more readily generated,
so :that the blast pipes of several engines had been en-
larged without diminishing this facility. There was,
therefore, no doubt of a great saving of fuel being
effected by the process, the expense of which was stated
to be about 3d. per hundred miles run of a locomotive
engine. In sea-going steamers, the success of the ex-
periment had not been less remarkable. In all these
cases the water had been tested by practical chemists, wifth -
out the slightest trace of iron or copper being detected,
showing that there was no injurious effect upon the
metal of the boiler, &c.; he looked upon the process as
perfect.
Dr. RITTERBANDT, in a concise and lucid manner,
stated the results of his investigations. It appeared
that carbonate of lime was the only substance which
formed a solid incrustation; the other substances being
merely mixed with, and cemented by, the carbonate.
That the muriate of ammonia acted as a perfect solvent
on 'the carbonate of lime, converting it into the
soluble muriate, without acting upon the boiler.
lle gave a practical demonstration of the action of
the muriate of ammonia, calcareous water, to the satis-
faction of the President and members, who expre sed
themselves in terms of approbation of the great p
NV ira ti-
calllutility of the invention, and of the manner in ch
it had been brought before the Society. 1
, .

EFFECTS OF GOOD BEHAVIOUR.—On Tuesday last,
the I -ith inst., the directors of the Blaenavon Iron and Coal
Company attended one of their monthly meetings, at, the
works, when nearly the whole of the colliers and miners met
them, with a petition, humbly soliciting them to advane
their wages; to which they readily acceded, informing theri,
that the present month they should receive an advance of
fourpence per ton on coal, and two shillings per dozen on
mine; at the same time intimating that their peaceable Con-
duct during 'the Charti,t outbreak, and not sanctioning their
unruly ways, and their obligation in reducing their wag, a
during the past depression of the, iron trade, was the sole
cause of theirimmediately complying with their present re-
quest.—Monviouthshire

APPLEDORE. WITCHCRAFT. —Roger Furstion, of
Northam, a man of no very prepossessing *.ppearance,'ap-
peared before the magistrates at the petty sessions at BUck-
land Brewer, on Wednesday, the 4th instant; to 'answer, the
complaint of Richard Evans, of Appledore, a boy 14 years of
age; for an assault. From the evidence it appeared the de-
fendant had taken it into his bead that'a ehild4 his, Iwho
had been ill some time, was overlooked or witched by the boy
Evans, and he'applied to the boy's master to allow him to go
with him to Northam, and to say " God bless ye !" t 4 the
child. • The master was foolish enough to consent;
and about half-way between Appledore and Northam,
Fursdon took out his knife 'and cut the boy in two places
near the wrist of his left hand ;, he then dragged him to his
house, and after having carped his d!sordered child again to
scratch the wound with. a 'pin (to• draw bloody, -iota the
charm pronounced, and turned 'the boy out. This: was
proved by the clearest evidence; but, to the astonishment of
the public; the ignorant brute 'was let off by merely paying
the'exp6ses T.— Somerset county'Herald.
The Town-Connf,il of Nottingham has ordered that
the public clocks shall be furnished with three hands, two of
themindicating the true time, and the additional one the rail-
way and post-office (London) time.
'rho first cargo of manure ever shipped to this port
a,l beeu received daring the past week,--BriayeimW Times,

DIED. • •
On the rith inst., at his residence, Formosa Cottp;flawing,
John Piper Burnard, Esq.; aged 5(3, after a long and leaiiiful illnes3,
ivhich he bore wills tOrtittide,, bowing to the will .of,his Creator.
Throughout his life lie was a Arm and unflinching advocate of civil
and religions liberty.
On the 17th inst., in Leman,street. Goodman's-fields, Mrs. Martha
gamier, relict of Mr. C. Gamier. •
On the llth 'inst., at the Royal-circus, Edinburgh; Mary Anne
Home Learinorith, second' survivingdaughter, of the lute Alexander
Learmonth,
Thomas'
On the 19th inst„ at the Guildhall Coffee-house, Loudon,
Wortkam, Esq., solicitor. •
Ou the 20th inA., J., W. Buckle, Esq., of