The Sun.
London, England, 1846-06-26 00:00:00

appears to us wholly in the light of an irksome super-
fluity of justice ; it is the old story, "shutting the
stable-door when the steed is stolen !" Still the Mi-
nistry have thought otherwise, and we believe them
honest in so thinking, cordially we believe
so. A mighty responsibility hangs over them
individually and collectively ; the lives of mil-
lions are entrusted to their protection ; many of
those lives have been taken through the inadequacy of
the ordinary law to chastise the aggressors. Can we
then entertain feelings of astonishment if a sense of
that responsibility seems to preponderate over all
other considerations ? It is from the anta-
gonism of such views that the downfal of
the Premier has originated. Ireland was his
great difficulty at the very outset, it has continued to
be his great difficulty at the termination. Impeding
the velocity of the ascent, it has tended to expedite
the catastrophe ; but that catastrophe, if such indeed
it can be designated, is one effulgent with an enduring
glory. Hardly has the discomfiture of the anti-Minis-
terial majority arrived when the Ministerial victory is
announced. The Coercion Bill is lost, but free trade
is achieved ! And the statesman who has been
chiefly instrumental in the advancement of both is
subdued only in the very moment when he has com-
pleted his conquest. Monopoly is vanquished if
PEEL has yielded to circumstances; and in the
exultation of this unparalleled achievement, public
gratitude will not forget the great statesman to
whom its acquisition is principally owing. Posterity
will often recur to this epoch ; it will cherish the
memory of the SOVEREIGN under whose auspices the
peaceful victory has been obtained ; it will honour
that Great Army of Intellect, the League, with its
unarmed Cromwell, COBDEN ; and its full and en-
during gratitude will be lavished upon that illustrious
man, who, amidst the revilings of spleen and the taunts
of revenge, has for ever associated his genius with
one of the noblest boons ever accorded to the British
nation. It will be remembered in future times, that
while Sir WALTER RALEIGH, as early as the six-
teenth century, advocated the free importation of pro-
visions, it was not until the advent of Sir ROBERT
PEEL that the creations of OMNIPOTENCE were
laid open to appease the wants of the hungry,
and the productions of man to clothe the
naked, untaxed, untramelled, unrestricted—as was
originally intended by the designs of GOD and the
dictates of reason. Let us then, men of England !
repeat the earnest language uttered last night by
COBDEN -- let us tender to Sir ROBERT
PEEL " our heartfelt thanks for the un-
wearied perseverance, the unswerving firmness, and
the great ability with which he has, during the last
six months, conducted one of the most magnificent
reforms ever carried in any country through this
House of Commons !" Those are cheering and
glorious words they tell us that what the
people of England have been struggling for so long,
and through such a variety of tribulations and
disappointments, is at length obtained. It tells us that
that eloquent champion of patriotism, RICHARD
COBDEN, has spoken his last free-trade speech ; it re-
minds us that Sir ROBERT PEEL has lapsed from the
vigour of administration ; but it reminds us also that
his conduct, his zeal, his forbearance, his assiduity, and
his daring since November last, have entitled him to
the popularity and the grateful affection of his coun-
trymen, while they have imprinted his name in the
Whahalla of the World as one of the noblest bene-
'actors Great Britain ever possessed.

We cannot resist calling the attention of our
readers to ,the following sentence, uttered many
years ago by Dr. CHALMERS. It is at once indica-
tive of the hopelessness of ever achieving what has
been this day achieved, while it is a sketch of the
consequences which were deemed by that eminent
thinker as most certain to result from such a measure.
The disappointed minority of would-be monopolists
insist that free trade in grain will ensure a national
bankruptcy to the agriculturists. Thus, on the other
hand, speaks an astute and philosophical reasoner :
" For the sake of its moral benefit we know of no
achievement more urgently desirable than that of a
free corn trade. There is not a more fertile topic of
clamour and burning discontent all over the land ;
and were it but effectually set at rest, we are aware
of nothing which might serve more to sweeten the
breath of British society."

Accounts from Rome of the 17th have been received.
On that day all the grand dignitaries, the diplomatic
agents of all the powersi and the persons desirous of re-
ceiving the benediction of the new POPE, presented them-
selves at the doors of the apartment in which he was to
give his first audience. As soon a's the doors were
opened the most eager rushed to the feet of the POPE to
receive his blessing, but his Holiness stopped them with
a motion of the hand, and asked for the Ambassador of
France. It was only after M. DE Rossi had been re-
ceived by the POPE, that other persons were permitted
to approach him.
The fact is that Cardinal MASSAt FERRETI, now Pius
IX., was the favourite candidate of France, and Count
Rossi, the French Ambassador (one of the most astute
diplomatists of the day), was all-powerful in the elec-
tion. He thus addressed several of the most influential
Cardinals previous to the meeting of the Conclave :
" France is too powerful to have need to exercise her
veto, and therefore she renounces it. She charges me
to request you to take into consideration that a choice
that shall not respond to the wants of the country would
produce a dangerous internal agitation, and bring the
Austrians to the north and the French to the south."

It is reported that the new POPE has appointed
Cardinal Gizy Under-Secretary of State. This Cardinal
is a firm supporter of the French interest, which may
now be considered as all-powerful in the Pontifical
Court. That the choice of the Conclave meets with the
approval of the French Government may be gathered
from the following article, which appeared in the Journal
des Debella.

"Pius IX. is of a mild and conciliating, though firm cha •
meter. He is said to be determined to occupy his mind im-
mediately with those ameliorations in the Government of
his states which were so earnestly demanded of his prede-
cessor. It is beyond all doubt that the agitation which was
beginning to be manifested in the Roman States, and the
condition of the Church in Spain and Portugal, have bad
great influence on the prompt election made by the cardinals,
and the spirit of wisdom and concord with which they have
been inspired on this solemn occasion cannot be too highly
estimated."

It is said that one of the first acts of Pius IX. will be
to proclaim a general amnesty—a wise and mTrciful act,
which foretels a happy, peaceful, and enlightened reign.

Madrid papers of the 19th June of have arrived. They
contain intelligence from Lisbon to the 16th. The
greater number of the provincial juntas had been dis-
solved, but there had been some attempts at rioting in
Lisbon, attended, however, by no more serious catas-
trophes than the breaking of the windows of certain
Conservatives. The people demanded the dismissal
of the QUEEN'S Secretary and of certain Generals.
commanding in the provinces. The PALMELLA Ministry
was becoming every day stronger, and the work of
pacification was proceeding. The Duke of PALMELLA
had applied to the Bank and to the principal capitalists
for advances on account of the Government.

MADRID BOLBA, JUNE 19.—Three per Cents., cash
33, and for paper, 33k ; Five per Cents, 201 paper,
Dittu without Interest, cash, 6i,

We have received the Paris papers of Wednesda)

According to the Constitulionnel there is to be a
batch of seventeen Peers created on the 6th of Jttly.
The following are mentioned as the new Members of the
Chamber of the Luxembourg .--1111. BARBET, BOISST
D'ANGLAs, CADEAU D'Acy, CORNIIDET, DOZON, JAC-
QUENINoT, JAMIN, LAFON, LAs-CAZES, J. LEFEBVRE,
A. PEumn, REYNARD, SAPEY,- and VIGIER. Deputies
—Au ex-Prefect, M. LANcLoIS-D'AMILLY ; and two
Mayors, M. Duroca-llunEncita, of Bordeaux, and M.
BIGO, of Lisle.

esr!toted in the
The increased grant for the navaymwaa.
Minister the of 122 to
rs oenfTthueesddai3s'c,ubsysiee,
course Pee
2C,
harnbetrheof
of
Marino stated, that henceforth, on board every ship
in commission, it was tho intention of the Government
to appoint one midshipman for every ten men.
The Courrier du Havre says—
Accounts from Newfoundland to the 14th ult., received
at Dieppe, announce that a great number of French vessels
were collected on the bank. Some merchants of St. Pierre
had sent two small vessels to the English coast to purchase
herrings at a fixed rate of duty. The vessels were captured
by a sloop of war employedlu watching the coast, as the
exportation of herrings is permitted only to English vessels.
This fact was brought to the knowledge of the Chamber of
Commerce of Dieppe, which will call the attention of the
Minister of Foreign Affairs to this act of rigour on the part of
the English cruiser."
Accounts from Martinique, of the 17th of May, repra.
sent the Colonial Council of the island as being in
most agitated and disturbed state, in consequence oE:the
law of July 1845, for ameliorating the on idi-
tion of the unfortunate slave population of the
island. The Council vehemently protest againt tWaaw,