The Sun.
London, England, 1848-12-18 00:00:00

THE SUN, LON DON, MONDAY EVENING DECEMBER 18, 1848:

armies led by JELLACHICH, WINDISCHGRATZ, and
SIMMONICH. The Magyars were to be summarily
routed by these redoubtable and right-loyal Cap-
tains. Rebellion was to be extinguished in Hungary,
and the infection of tranquillity was to Exterl I to all
the surrounding provinces of Austria herself, of
Prussia, and of the dominions of the AUTOCRAT. By
the sudden pacification of Hungary, Posen was to be
lulled to rest, Wallachia was to become the harbinger
of peace and tyranny, and even the more southern
inhabitants of Italian Lombardy were to experience
the beneficent influences of a dominant and tranquil-
lised despotism. Notwithstanding these boastful de-
clarations of the reactionary champions, Hungary is
more than ever insurgent against the repressive au-
thority of the Hapsburg potentates—the Magyars
hold undisputed possession of their cities and fortifi-
cations—SimmoNicu, instead of being a victor over
Pesth, remains with all his followers very snugly
ensconced within the boundaries of Moravia—Kos-
SUTH preserves his magnificent and almost ro-
mantic predominance—Presburg and the Hunga-
rian capital (Pesth) have been strongly forti-
fied Komorn is rendered impregnable, and
other preparations have been extended even
as far as the banks of the Leitha, so that the
subjugation of the Hungarian dominions, even by
an army which is far removed from insolvency,
would be an undertaking in no small degree'
hazardous.

Simultaneously with the movements we have
already enumerated, the young EMPEROR has received
as a guest, in his palace at 011miitz, the Prince
CHARLES of Prussia, while his courtiers continue in
momentary expectation of a similar visit from the
Grand Prince CONSTANTINE of Russia. The repre-
sentatives of the counter-revolution would con-
sequently appear to be concentrating their hitherto
scattered energies, and to be preparing, in the ob-
scurity of imperial intrigues, for a violent ebullition
of vengeance. Let the Democrats be vigilant ! and
collected ! and sanguine! remembering that they are
no mythological serpents, to be strangled in the grasp
of an infant Hercules.

A great stimulus would undoubtedly be applied
to private enterprise, and many persons would be
induced to embark their capital in the reclamation of
waste lands in Ireland, if Mr. RIGBY WASON'S sug-
gestion were adopted, and the lands thereby brought
into cultivation, permanently, or at least for a consi-
derable period, exonerated from any greater contri-
bution' to the poor-rates than should be assessed
on their present value. It would be but a
just and politic principle to establish that
persons who had contributed materially to
reduce the general burden, who had provided profit-
able employment for those who should otherwise be
maintained in unproductive idleness, who had opened
new sources of wealth to the country, should be freed
from any demand whatsoever on account of the lands
on which so much labour had been expended. No
injury or injustice would be done to any. The charges
would not fall more heavily on the other lands in the
union, the amount of the rates would not be in any
degree increased. It would, indeed, be an unwise
and unstatesmanlike decision to declare that the lands
should remain waste and barren—the people idle and
destitute—the rates oppressive and overwhelming,
rather than any departure should take place from
the abstract principle, that all lands should
contribute to the relief of the poor in proportion
to their actual ♦alue. Every encouragement
should be given to those willing to embark
their capital in undertakings so beneficial
to the entire nation. The titles should be simplified
so as to prevent the possibility of future litigation.
The enjoyment of the reclaimed lands should be
secured to those by whose industry they had been
rendered productive and of real value. We have
already shown that the present state of the law of real
property presents an insuperable obstacle to any ex-
tensive measures of improvement. That must be
altered, and Commissioners appointed who shall be
authorised to make conveyances of waste lands, for the
purposes of reclamation, that could not afterwards
be questioned or impeached. Such a measure would
effect much, but it would not be sufficient in itself.
The possibility that the future produce of the lands
would be absorbed by the enormous rates rendered
necessary by the poverty of the surrounding districts
would also be sufficient to deter capitalists (who are
proverbially a timid and suspicious class) from em-
barking in the speculation.

If that fear were set at rest—if convinced that they
would indeed be permitted to enjoy the fruits of their
enterprise without let or hindrance, many would com-
mence undertakings from which such favourable re-
sults might be anticipated. As Mr. WAsoN pointed
out in his third letter, it might make a difference of
no less than 93,7501. to a person investing 131,2501-
in the reclamation of 10,000 acres. Although
this may not be a very probable result, as the new
field of employment that would be opened
to the people would relieve the rates of
all able-bodied claimants for relief, still it is
possible, and it is most desirable to satisfy the parties
who might be induced to take the initiative, and to
remove all doubts from their minds.

If any lands should be improved by the expendi-
ture of public funds, it would be equally just
that the nation should derive the benefit of
this exemption from increased poor-rate. The
equitable principle should be acted on—that the
greater portion of the burdens should be cast upon
1 the "faineants," who suffered their properties to
remain unimproved, who disregarded their duties to
their neighbours, and neglected to provide employ-
ment for those both able and willing to work. We
should gladly see, in every instance, as far as it was
practicable, the rates levied on the lands according
to their origioal value, and that all improvements
should be freed from any liability. Some
difficulties might arise in carrying out this
principle ; it would, however, be very easy to carry
Mr. WAsoN's proposition into effect, and to provide
that the Commissioners authorised to convey the
land should also be empowered to have them valued
before any expenditure had taken place, and that no
change should be made in that valuation for the pur-
poses of any local or general rating or taxation for a
term of 31 years, or for such other period as would
be sufficient to remunerate the reclaimers for their
outlay and labour.

A memorial, signed by no less than 41,000 persons,
was presented to the Earl of CLARENDON during the
past week, complaining in the strongest terms of the
exclusion of persons professing the Roman Catholic
religion from the juries, by which the several parties
charged with offences under the Treason Felony Act
have been tried and convicted. The murmurs and
complaints that have for some time been uttered
on this subject have thus at length found
a " local habitation and a name ;" and many
influential persons have thus deliberately echoed the
charges that were preferred through the columns of
the Repeal press against the law officers of the Crown,
for the manner in which those prosecutions were con-
ducted. It is asserted that " during the last eight
months juries for the trial of political offences in Ire-
land have been for the most part selected upon the
principle of excluding from such juries mem-
bers of the Roman Catholic persuasion,"
which, it is alleged, " deprives the prisoner of
his constitutional right of being tried by twelve of
his countrymen, indifferently chosen, at the same
time takes away from the Roman Catholics their
common-law right to serve as jurors, destroys that
just equality of religious persuasions solemnly gua-
ranteed by the Legislature, and virtually re-enacts the
most odious chapter in the penal laws."
These are grave and serious accusations, and if well
founded, no censure would be too heavy, no punish-
ment too severe for those who had thus ventured
to pollute the sources of justice and to bring its ad-
ministration into contempt and disrepute. We re-
joice, therefore, that the complaint was brought
forward in a tangible shape, so as to elicit the
complete, triumphant, and satisfactory refutation
which was subsequently delivered by his Excellency
—a refutation that must disabuse the mind of
every unprejudiced and impartial person of
any erroneous impression, and convince him
that the law officers acted with the strictest
propriety in the discharge of the arduous
and invidious tasks imposed upon them, that their
conduct was at the same time fair and just towards
the unfortunate gentlemen whom they were compelled

to prosecute, and such as their duty to their SOVE•
REIGN imperatively demanded.
The memorialists complained of the conduct of the
High Sheriff of the city of Dublin and of the At-
torney-General; they stated that " the means by
which the exclusion was effected were twofold—first,
that the panels were so constructed by the Sheriff as
to contain a disproportionately small number Of
Roman Catholics, and this number placed upon the
panel in the most unfair and partial manner; and
secondly, that the Crown prosecutor, by an unusual
and arbitrary exercise of the privilege of unlimited
challenge, directed every Catholic as he was called to
the jury-box to-stand aside.

The first of these complaints was very properly
passed over by Lord CLARENDON. His Excellency
pointed out that the Government had no control
whatsoever over the acts of the Sheriff; that any
interference whatsoever with his selection of jurors
would be a most improper assumption of authority on
the part of the Executive. He alone was answerable
for the manner in which he discharged his duty, and
the Government could not be held in any degree
accountable for his acts. It is, however, but a
matter of justice to that functionary to state that
the array was challenged as being unfairly and par-
tially constituted—that unimpeachable triers were
selected to decide thereon—that not only was there a
total failure of any evidence to sustain the charge—
but that the Sheriff himself and the sub- Sheriff were
personally examined, and that, by their sworn
testimony, they both clearly, distinctly, and
unequivocally repelled the unwarranted asper-
sions that had been cast upon them, and
completely exonerated themselves from even
a suspicion of bias or partiality. They proved that they
struck the list without the slightest reference to the
religious opinions of the parties selected, and that
their only desire was to return the most respectable
persons to try questions of such importance and mag-
Litude, in the correct decision of which all classes,
not only in Ireland, but throughout the British
dominions, were deeply interested. The immediate
and unhesitating decision of the triers, their unquali-
fied acquittal of the parties implicated, should have
prevented a revival of the thrice-rebutted calumny.

It was with the conduct of the law officers of
the Crown that Lord CLARENDON was more immedi-
ately concerned, and never was there a more com-
plete and unequivocal vindication of public men
than that which fell from the lips of his
Excellency. Ile pointed out that it was
not only necessary that jurors should be fairly and
impartially chosen, but that each juror should him.
self be fair and impartial ; that he should stand indif-
ferent between the Crown and the prisoner; that
parties had been ordered to " stand aside" on account,
not of their religious, but of their political
opinions ; that they were excluded from the jury-
box, not because they professed the Roman Ca-
tholic faith, but because they sympathised with the
accused, and that at a time when the utmost excite-
ment prevailed, and when jurors were openly appealed
to, to disregard the oaths they were about to take, and
to return verdicts not in accordance with the evidence
that might be adduced before them, but with their
own preconceived opinions and prejudices. His
Lordship might have added, that shortly before these
very trials two gentlemen had been separately ar-
raigned on charges of sedition, and that, although no
possible doubt could exist that they were
morally and legally guilty thereof, and that sufficient
' evidence had been brought forward not only to
justify, but to compel convictions, the juries had disa-
greed in both instances, and were discharged without
returning verdicts; that the results were looked upon
as political triumphs, and celebrated by public de-
monstrations, in which the dissentient jurors were
lauded as patriots and their examples held up for
general imitation. After such proceedings how could
the Attorney-General have justified himself to the
nation had he again suffered the administration of
justice to be brought into contempt, and for the
third time gone through the mockery of a judicial
investigation when there could be no possible doubt
as to the result ?

There is every probability that Mr. R. BUDDBN
CROWDER, Q.C., will be elected without opposition
to represent the borough of Liskeard in Parliament,
as the successor of the late Mr. CHARLES BULLER.

The electors of Liskeard hare acted wisely in reject..
ing the Tory, Mr. KEKEWICK, and the recent con-
vertite, Mr. BICKHAM ESCOTT, in favour of a tried
and proved Reformer like Mr. R. B. CROWDER, who
was a supporter of the cause of Reform in days when
it was dangerous to be known as a Reformer, and
who took part in the great victory of 1832. His
" confession of faith," (which appears in our report
of a meeting of the electors of Liskeard,
in another column) is, with one exception,
most satisfactory, and that one exception is the
ballot. We could have wished that Mr. CROWDER
had been somewhat more explicit on the important
subject of secret voting. He seems to imagine, as
regards the ballot, that adhuc sub judice lis est.
We can assure Mr. R. B. CROWDER that such
is not the case. Reformers of all shades
have long since made up their minds on the
subject ; they are all convinced that unless the pro-
tection of the ballot is thrown over the voter an elec-
tion is nothing better than " a mockery, a delusion,
and a snare," and that any extension of the franchise
without the ballot would be, in the rural districts more
especially, only an extension of serfdom. We are
surprised to find that, according to Mr. CROWDER,
some of the soi-disant Reformers object to the ballot—
"It will prevent us from knowing our friends." To
be sure it will, gentlemen, and that is the very object
of secret voting. It will prevent you from favouring
those whom you consider your political friends, and
as the conferring of any favour for any such cause is
in its essence a bribe, it will prevent you from in-
curring the guilt of bribery, and it will, moreover,
protect the honest voter from the enmity of your op-
ponents, which he would be sure to incur were he
known as your political friend ; and as
the voter has more to fear from the ven-
geance of an enemy than to hope from
the support of a political friend, it is infinitely more
to his interest that the manner in which he has re-
corded his vote should be altogether unknown. But
the question of the ballot is no longer a question for
argument. Mr. GROTE and Mr. HENRY BERKELEY
have already exhausted the subject ; the opponents of
the ballot have never attempted an answer to the
speeches of either of these honourable gentlemen.
We recommend these speeches to the careful con-
sideration of Mr. CROWDER, and we are sure that i'
he condescends to an attentive perusal of them be.
tween this and February next, we shall find him among
the foremost supporters of the Bill which Mr. HENRY
BERKELEY is pledged to introduce on this subject,
early in the course of the ensuing session.

TUE FRENCH REPUBLIC

We have received the Paris papers of Saturday and
yester:d ay.
The aggregate returns of the voting for President,
which had been examined up to Saturday night, gave
this following result :
Louis Napoleon Bonaparte
General Cavaignac

4,050,000
1,006,000

In some of the departments the majority of Lours
NAPOLEON over CAVAIGNAC amounts to 90 per cent.
In the departments of the Bouches du Rhone, the Var
and Finisterre, General CAVAIGNAC is at the head of
the poll. In the Haute Garonne, Gera, Lot-et-Ga-
ronne, and Cote d'Z.)r, Lunau ROLLIN has a majority
over CAVAIGNAC. In the canton of Brionde, in the
department of the Upper Loire, M. RASPAIL is at the
head of the poll. M. DE LAreARTINE did not secure
a majority in any one department or section.
The Committee of the National Assembly charged
to examine the returns for the election of President
of the Republic has divided itself into nine sub-corn-
tnittees, which operate simultaneously. M. Ducos,
one of the secretaries, is charged to draw up a general
table in which is put down the results according as
they are arrived at for each department. Up to the
present time, the Committee has not had to signalise
any irregularity in the operations of the electoral col-
leges. It has cancelled a certain number of bulletins
which bore on them ridiculous or antitconstitutional
designations. It has added 14 bulletins to M. LOUIS
NAPOLEON BONAPARTE'S list, though containing the
words " Louis Bonaparte" only ; but it has annulled
about a dozen giving him the title of Prince, as being
interdicted by the Constitution.
The Siecle has the following on the new Ministry :
" The proclamation of the President of the Republic
is now only a matter of mere form. The majority is
known, and goes far beyond all provisions. Happy would
France be it such a majority evinced the unity of views
which have been wanting to us for so long a time! But
it is not a durable union amongst all opinious—it is at
most a protest in common, we do not say against the
Republic, but against the acts and doctrines which have
compromised it; and, in consequence, the difficulties com-
menced with the success. In constituting the new Mi •
nistry several necessities had to be attended to:—first,
unity of action; secondly, accord with the National As-
sembly; and, lastly, satisfaction to be given to each of
the parties who had co-operated more or less actively
in the election of Decemhr 10. The following is the
manner in which these difficulties have been resolved,
after a piece of labour long commenced, and which we
believe to have now arrived at its term. The Cabinet is
thus composed:—
President of the Council and Justice M. 0. Barret.
Foreign Affairs Drouyn de l'Huys.
1., t,:rior Leon de Malleville.
Finance -• Hi ppolyte Passy.
Public Works Leon Faucher.
War General Rulhiires.
Commerce and Agriculture ..• A. Fould. .
Public Instruction •-• De Falloux.
Marine De Tracy.
••• •••
General Changarnier is to preserve the command of the
National Guard of Paris. The Prefecture of the Seine,
it is said, is to be reserved for M. Berger, and the Pre-
fecture of Police for Colonel Rebillot, ex-colonel of the
gendarmerie of the Seine. In this Ministry, the opinion
of President of the Council, as is right, is in majority.
Two members, MM. H. Passy and Leon de Malleville
belong to the Left Centre of the old Chambers.
Two others, M. Fould and General Rulhilres, represent
the old Conservative party, M. de Falloux belongs,
by his origin, to the Legitimist opinion. So far
the Republicans of the Veille would appear to be
authorised to complain; but they so much abused, after
the revolution, their right of birth, that the public in
general is but little disposed to pay attention to their
grievances. Besides, the difficulty was no trifling mat-
ter. In order to meet any objections that might be
made, M. Barthelemy St. Hilaire had been thought of
for Public Instruction, and M. Pagnerre for Commerce,
but both of them are unfortunately mixed up with the
attacks made on General Cavaignac, and so victoriously
refuted in the sitting of November 25. Their entrance
into the Mintstry would, in consequence, have assumed
in the eyes of the public a character which assuredly no
one had any desire to invest it with. It was above all
this motive of propriety which caused them to be set
aside. We may add, that in order to unite himself, at
least by some tie, to the party of the revolution of
February, the President will propose to the choice of the
National Assembly, for the Vice-Presidentship, three
candidates, taken from the ranks of the Republicans of
the Veille, and who, it is said, are to be MM. Dupont
l'Eure), Arago, and Garnier-Pagils."
The same journal has the following in allusion to
certain rumours which have been most industriously
circulated, to the effect that certain members of
General CAveroruc's Government, some persons
went so far as to say General CAVAIGNAC himself,
had been making overtures to Prince Lours NAPO-
LEON :--
" The most ridiculous reports," says the Siècle, " have
been designedly spread as to the attitudeiof severe
members of the Government towards M. Louis Bona.

parte. We are authorised to contradict them formally.
No step whatever bas been taken, either by the chief of
the executive power or by any one of the members of the
Cabinet, towards the future President of the Republic.
Up to the last moment when they may be called upon to
deliver it over to their successors, they will preserve in-
tact in their hands the trust confided to them. The
dignity of their conduct is an additional claim to the
gratitude of the country, and malevolence will try in
vain to calumniate them.'

We believe that Prince Louts NAPOLEON
justly entertaining doubts, as all men must enter-
tain doubts and " something more," as to the
sincerity
. shoulderityofl. Teuarhsenr at once take office,
s, is desirous that that gentle-
and thus commit himself to the fortunes
of the Odilon Barrot Ministry, or should
cease to meddle at all with the Government. In
the event of M. TRIERS choosing the latter alterna-
tive, M. Louis NAPOLEON will seek to strengthen
himself by securing the services of some of the mem-
bers of the old Republican party. M. BASTIDE, M.
QUCLERC, and M. Bubo, are spoken of as not un-
likely to form part of the new Ministry. As M. DE
TRACY, LOUIS NAPOLEON'S Minister of Marine, is a
near relative of M.GUSTAVE DB BEAUMONT, who has
resigned the English Embassy, it is probable that
that gentleman also may be included in the new
Ministerial arrangements.

It was yesterday mentioned as probable at the
National Assembly that M. BERGER, the Mayor of
the second arrondissement, will be Prefect of the
Seine, in place of M. RECUR; and M. ADIED2II
THAYER. Postmaster-General, in the place of M. E.
ABAGO.

It is said that Count WALEWSKI will be the new
Ambassador to London.
General DE LAMORICIERE, Minister of War, has
addressed the following order of the day to the troops
in Paris:—

"Paris, Dec. 14.
"Officers, non-commissioned officers, and soldiers—
For the first time the whole people has been called on to
choose the President of the Republic. In a few days
the National Assembly will have proclaimed the name
designated by universal suffrage. If from this time to
that the promoters of disorder should endeavour to pro-
voke culpable manifestations, you would know how to
do your duty. The Government is ready to hand over
to the person elected by the nation the temporary power
which had been confided to it by the National Assembly
—it is its duty, and it is determined to give it up intact
and respected. The Minister of War, who has seen you
so brave and so devoted in the hour of combat, so patient
and so calm in the days which succeeded it, reckons on
you to aid it to accomplish to the end the mission which
was confided to it to maintain order, and cause the law
to be respected;"

The Assemblee Nationale says :—" Many persons
1. have entertained fears of the continuance of a cool-
ness which at a former period had exhard between
' Marshal BUGEAUD and General CHANGARNIER. We
are, however, happy to learn that one of the first visits
the Marshal paid on his arrival in Paris was to Ge-
neral CIIANGARNIER. This step, which has done as
much honour to him who made it as to him who was
the object of it, at once dissipated every cloud
between these two eminent men, and nothing can
hereafter prevent their acting in concert, in case their
' devotedness should be called for, with equal cordiality
and effective energy for the interests and the safety
of the country."
The celebration of the anniversary of the arrival of
the remains of the Emperor NAPOLEON at the Inva-
lides took place on Friday morning; but the Go-
vernment, alarmed by reports which were in circu-
lation on Thursday evening, ordered the mass to be
performed three hours earlier than the usual time.
Accordingly at eight o'clock some persons were as-
sembled at the chapel. A hanging of black cloth
covered the gallery in which appeared JEROME NA-
POLEON, ex-King of Westphalia, with his family.
With them were M. JEROME BONAPARTE, the repre-
sentative for Corsica, and the Princess MATUILDE, his
daughter. There were also present at the ceremony
MM. LAITY and PERBIGNT, Colonels. DUMOULIN,
LABORDE, and MAISONNAUT, General PYAT, and
several other persons attached to the family of BONA-
PARTE. General PETIT, Deputy-Governor of the
Invalides, surrounded by his staff, also attended. The
nave and isles were filled with Invalides. At eleven
o'clock a considerable body of people came to attend
the service, and great was the disappointment when
they found that it was over. It was understood that
the old officers of the imperial army had, at the sug-
gestion of the Bonaparte family, raolved to abstain
from any public display on this occasion.
The Patrie The National Assembly is ex-
pected to resolve, on the proposition of some of the
most eminent members of the moderate party, to
confer upon General CAVAIGNAC, in acknowledg-
ment of his incontestable services, the rank of Mar-
shal of France and the grand cordon of the Legion'
of Honour. General CAVAIGNAC having been only
the delegate of the Assembly for the Executive
Power, it belongs, in fact, to the Assembly to give
him this testimony of its esteem and sympathy."
The Moniteur has published the exposé des motifs
of the budget for 1849. This document commences

' by giving an account of the real state of the budget
of 1848, and declares that, whether from the different
causes of augmentation in the expenses, or inaccuracy
in the estimates, the deficiency on the year is
530,000,00. For 1849 the following modifications
are held out as probable : an augmentation in the
receipts of 263,000,000 is looked for—viz .
99,000,000 in the taxes lately proposed ; 23,000,000
in the direct taxes ; 83,000,000 in the
indirect taxes ; 7,000,000 in the Forests ;
9,000,000 in the sums to be paid by the Northern
Railway ; 35,000,000 in the reserve of
the Sinking Fund, &c. In addition, it is
expected to realise 175,000,000 of economy
in the expenses—viz., 79 millions in the War
Department; 46 millions in that of the Interior;
22 millions in the Navy ; 11 millions in the Finance ;
24 millions in Public Works. In remarking on the
above, the C'onstitutionnel says—" Thus, according
to this statement, there will be 263 millions in dimi-
nution of expenses, or 439 millions in all ; but, as
the deficiency for 1848 amounts to 530 millions,
the deficiency for 1849 will still be 91 millions,
the expenses amounting to 1,639 millions, and the
receipts to 1,548 millions. This, it may be re-
marked, is by no means the same result as was pro-
mised by the Honourable Minister a few days before,
when he positively declared that the budget for 1849
would be in egullibrio. We have besides to remark,
that this present statement supposes, on the one
hand, the adoption by the National Assembly of new
taxes to the amount of one hundred millions ; and,
on the other hand, the realisation of economies to a
large amount, some of which are enumerated above,
but which it is impossible to form an opinion on
at present, since no documents are published in sup-
port of them. The Minister of Finance also remarks
that he has not set down amongst the expenses the
annuity which is to be given in 1849 in part-
payment of the indemnity due to the planters in the
colonies in consequence of the abolition of slavery.
The expose des motifs terminates by a table setting
forth the situation of the public treasury, from which
it results that the charges on the floating debt will
amount to 460,000,000 and the means of service to
435,000,000, leaving a deficiency of 25,000,000, but
which, says the Hon. Minister, will be more than
made up by the economies that can be effected from
this period to the end of 1849. This account of the
public treasury, it must b 3 remembered, is based on
the statement of the budget, and we have to remind
the Hon. Minister that according to a preceding
declaration from him, the treasury will not probably
after the commencement of April have more than the
ordinary receipts to meet the expenses of every sort."
The Nouvelliste of Marseilles, of the 13th, states
that, in consequence of orders received by telegraph,
the expeditionary brigade had disembarked that day
and gone into barracks.
Up to last night the Ministry of Commerce and
Agriculture in the new Cabinet had not been filled
up, and it is generally supposed that it will be
given to a member of the Republican party.
Prince Lours NAPOLEON has shown great sagacity
in pursuing the course he has pursued with regard to
M.M. THIERS, MOLE, and BUGEAUD. If they do not
by some overt act stand so committed to his cause,
as that their personal interests would be compromised
were they to desert it, they will most assuredly be-
tray him. They originally accepted him with the
intention of betraying him, and are now caught in
their own trap.
The Red Republican Members of the National
Assembly have published the following address :
" Citizens—We did not wish for a President because
we wished for the unity of power ; the contrary opinion
has prevailed ; the people has pronounced ; we bow to
the decision. No, we will not believe that the Republic
has been threatened, that the institutions which are the
foundation of it can be attacked. We w ill not believe it.
If, nevertheless, parties being the enemies of liberty, in-
terested in disorder, should renew their mad project;,
the people, we hope, would resist their perfidious sug-
gestions. As for us, we will never forget that the mis-
sion R hich we have received is to fuund the Republic,
and to defend it, should that be necessary, at the peril
of our lives.
(Signed) " ASTAIX, BAc, DAVID (d'Angers),
GUINARD, JOLT, MIC, LEDRU
ROLLIN, LAMENNAIS, &C."
(In all, sixty-one Members.)
General CAVAIGNAC, as Chief of the Executive
Government, has received the following letter, dated
the 7th, from the Por.E

" Monsieur le Gen4ral,—My heart is touched, and I
am penetrated with gratitude for the spontaneous and
generous movement of the eldest daughter of the Church,
who shows herself anxious and already in action to
hasten to the succour of the Sovereign Pontiff. A fa-
vourable opportunity will, without doubt, offer itself to
me to manifest in person to France my paternal senti-
ments, and to be able to diffuse over the soil of France,
with my own hand, the benedictions of the Lord; as I
now supplicate him by my voice to consent to diffuse
them in abundance over you and the whole of France.
"Pius PAPA Norms."
The following is the state of the returns of the
Presidential election up to yesterday evening :
Louis Napoleon 5,002,451
General Cavaignac .. 1,260,699
Thursday next is fixed for the ceremony of the
proclamation of the President of the Republic, when
Louis NAPOLEON will take the oaths and deliver an
inaugural address, announcing the names of the
Ministers he has chosen, and setting forth the line of
policy which he intends to pursue.
The Bien Public has ceased to appear.
There were some speculators assembled in the
Passage de l'Opera yesterday, but no business was
transacted.

COURB AUTHENTIQUE.-PARIS, DEC. 16.-French
Five per Cents. 76f. 251. 50c. 75c. 60c. 50c. 20c. 25f.
50c., 761. 90c. 85c. 77f. 77f. 20c. 77f 771. 10c. 05c. 2.5 c. 35c.
30c. 10c. 25c. 40c. 50c., 77f. 60e., 78f. 77c. 50c. 60c. 20c.
77f. 76f. 80e., 77f. 26c. 50c. 75c. 80c. 90c. 75c., 77f. 60c.
75c.; New Loan 76f. 76f. 25c. 75c., 77f, 76f. 85c. 90c.,
77f. 10c. 30c., 76f. 50c., 77f.2(1;. 30c.; Three per Cents.,
56f. 50c. 75c. 50c. 60c. 40c. 50c. 80c. 90e., 47E, 47f. 10c.
20c. 25c. 05e. 150. 50c. 60e. 40c. 35c. 50e. 25c.; 46E
90e., 47f. 40e., 47f. 40c. 30e. ; Bank of France,
1,6601., 1,665 f., 1,670 f., 1,6751., 1,665 E, 1,6601.,
1,6751., 1,670 f., 1,6801., 1,6851., 1,690 f., 1,695 f.,
1,7001., 1,685 E, 1,690 f., 1,700 E; Obligations of the City,
1,200 E; Roman, 64f., 65f.; Belgian Five per Cents.,
1840, 82f., 82ff.; Ditto, 1842, 82f., 8241.; Spanish Three
per Cents., 26ff. Exchange on London, one month,
money, 25f. 374 c.; three months, money, 25f. 27ic.

BOURS-ELPARIS, SATURDAY, DEC. 16.
The improvement which has manifested itself in our
market for the last few days still continues, and prices
have again to-day considerablyiadvanced, Threes closing
at 47f. 30c., Fives at 77f. 75c., and New Loan at 77f.
30c. The market closed as follows :—Threes, for cash,
47f. 30c.; for Account, 47f. 25c.; Fives, for cash, 77f.
75c.; for Account, 77f. 60c.; New Loan, for cash, 77f.
30c.; for Account, 77f. 25c.; Bank of France Shares,
1,700 f. Neapolitan not quoted. Spanish Threes, 20if.;
Fives, not quoted.

ReiLwAis.—The Share Market has been similarly
affected, and prices have generally improved. Orleans
closed at 715 f.; Rouen, 445 f.; Havre, 190 f.; Avignon,
190 f.; Vierzon, 2401.; Strasburg and Bale, 87f. 50c.;
Nantes, 3401.; Northern, 380 f.; Bordeaux, 3801.; Paris
and Strasburg, 340 F.; Moutereau, 100 f.

BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK-EXCHANGE, DEC. 16.
Boulogne and Amiens, 73A—Northern of Franee, 7A/4--
Orleans and Bordeaux, 2je—Paris and Rouen 17%—Rouen
and Havre, 81,41—Sambre and Meuse, Vs. ,

SPAIN.
Madrid journals of the 10th have arrived.
The Gaceta contains a decree appointing Marquis
DE MIRAFLORES as President, and Prince D'ANGOLA
and the Duke DB VERAGIVAS Vice Presidents of the
Senate.

In Catalonia General CONCHA has distributed arms
to the populations of several towns.
Serious differences have, ;€ ;q caid, uriocn between
the QUEEN and NARVAEZ. It appears that among
those who attend the petits soupers, in the giving of
which Queen Iskurt,LA much delights, is a certain
Marquis of SANTIAGO, a colonel of Grenadiers, and a
gentleman who has had the good fortune to attract the fa-
vourable notice of her MAJESTY. The QUEEN demanded
of NARVAEZ that the Marquis should be promoted to the
rank of General. This was at once refused by the
Minister, and rudely and offensively refused, and the
Governor of Madrid was commanded to notify to the
Marquis the will and pleasure of NARVAEZ that he
should henceforth absent himself from the suppers at
the Palace. The reply of the Marquis was that his
commission was at the service of the Minister, but
that he should continue to enjoy the society of his
SOVEREIGN when it might please her MAJESTY to
honour hint with a command to attend at the Palace.
The Marquis, therefore, still continues to attend the
petits soupers as heretofore, but NARVAEZ has received
an intimation from the QUEEN that his company at
the Palace balls will henceforth be dispensed with;
and it is also said that in consequence of the counte-
nance given to NARVAEZ by CHRISTINA, the title of
Prince will not be conferred on the Duke of
EIANZAEES.
There was no Bolsa on the 10th.

THEATRICALS AT WINDSOR CASTLE:4H the de-
scription of her Majesty's private theatre, published in
the Sunday papers, Mr. Stanfield is erroneously named
as one of the artists employed. The merit of having
designed the new theatre, the stage, scenery, and decora-
tions is due solely to Mr. Grieve, of the Royal Italian
Opera, Covent-garden, by whom and his assistants they
will be finally completed this day.
NORTH AMERICAN MA ILS.-011 Saturday the
steam-ship Europa, Captain Lott, departed from Liver-
pool for Halifax aad New York, with the fortnightly
mails and a full complement of passengers. The steam-
ship Cambria, Captain Harrison, with the inward mails,
may be looked for to arrive in the Mersey on Tuesday
(to-morrow); she would leave New York on the 6th and
Halifax on the 9th inst.
FALL OP THE SUGAR HOUSE IN ALSTON•STREET.
—We are authorised to state that, after a full investiga-
tion into the circumstapces connected with this unfor-
tunate catastrophe, the public authorities have not found
grounds for instituting criminal proceedings against any
party=-Glasgow Guardian,

GERMANY
AND

THE NORTHERN STATES.

--o--

AUSTRIA AND FRANKFORT.
The breach between Austria and the Central Go-
vernment is becoming every day wider, and the ques-
tion of German unity will soon be determined, as M.
SCHMERLING, the Minister for Foreign Affairs, has,
in consequence of the pcsition recently assumed by
Austria, given notice of the following motion in the
German Parliament for the 15th :
Considering, that owing to the nature of the union of
Austria with the non-German countries, and that, ac-
cording to the 'declaration of the German province of
Austria, the accession of the same to the German Con-
federate State cannot be expected ; considering that
the Austrian Ministry has solemnly expressed the opi-
nion that the Constitutions of Germany and of the Aus-
trian empire ought to be perfectly distinct and ind,pen-
dent of each other, and that the conditions of union
can only be fixed when those two states shall have re-
ceived a definite organization: considering that the con-
stitution of Germany cannot be delayed, and that an en-
tirely distinct organization of the two Constitutions,
without preliminary agreement on the possible bases fur
the future union of Austria with Germany, might en-
danger that union, and with it the highest interests of
the whole nation: considering that an agreement with
Austria is also commanded by the necessity of fixing
positively the extent of the federal duties, to fulfil which
Austria has declared herself willing: considering that
the negotiations with the Austrian Government on this
subject can only be suitably conducted by the Central
Power, and that the law of the 28th of June had not
foreseen this case, the Minister of the empire demands
from the National Assembly the authorization for the
Provisional Central Power to commence negotiations
with the Austrian Government with a view to a pre-
liminary agreement on the possible bases of a possible
(moglich) union of Austria with Germany."
The financial difficulties of Austria are increasing
every day. Bank-notes can only be exchanged for
silver at a sacrifice of ten per cent. The quantity of
notes issued by the Bank is enormous. Scarcely
any one has any money in Vienna except these notes.