The Sun.
London, England, 1848-10-07 00:00:00

No. 17,483.] LONDON, SATURDAY •
G

Sure
Assured

Sum added tei Sam added to,Surn payable
Policy inlB4llPulley in 18481 at Death.

£5OOO
5000
5000
1000
5000
5000
4800

£683 6 8 17877071-r6470167;
500 0 0 787 10 0 6287 10 0
200 0 0 787 10 0 6087 10 0
100 0 0 787 10 0 5887 10 0
675 0 0 5675 0 0
• 450 0 0 5450 0 0
• 223 0 0 5225 0 0

The Premiums, nevertheless, are on the most moderate scale, and
only one-half need b• paid for the first five years where the In-
surance is for Life.
No Entrance Nfoney or charge except the Policy Stamp.
Every information will be afforded on application to the Resident
Director, No. I, Waterloo-plade; Pall-mall, London.

AR C HITECTS', "BUILD ER S', and
GENERAL FIRE and 'LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY,
65, Lombard-street, London.
CHAIRMAN—SYDNEY SMIRKE,
TRUSTIES.

T. L. Donaldson, Esq. I 1. Salvia, Esq., F.S A.
S. Grimsdell, Esq. G. Smith, Esq., F.Q.A.
The rates for both Fir, and LIN Insurances are as low as can with
safety be taken. Those for Life Insurance may be paid either yearly,
half-yearly, or quarterly; one-half the annual premium may be left
unpaid for seven years, or one-third to the end of life. Thus large
sums nay be Insured at the smallest present outlay.
Prospectuses, Forms of Proposals, &c., may be had at the Office,
69, Lonibard-street, or of any of the agents.
JOHN REDDISH, Manager.

NICOLL'S REGISTERED PALETOT.—This
most gentlemanly and usefill over-coat retains its original mo-
derate price, and being adapted for the autumn and winter months,
has already been honoured with the patronage of his Royal Highness
Prince Albert, Prince George of Cambridge, Prince Edward of Saxe-
Weimar, his Grace the Duke of Wellington, and the chief ornaments
of the Court, the Pulpit, and the Bar. The above can be obtained
in London only of H. J. and D. NICOLL, 114, 116, 120, Regent-
street, and 22, Cornhili.

This day is published, in one thick volume foolscap Bvo., price Ps
cloth,
THE MORAL, SOCIAL, & PROFESSIONAL
DUTIES of ATTORNIES and SOLICITORS.
By SAMUEL WARREN, Esq., F.R.S., Barrister-at-Law, of the
Inner Temple.
William Blackwood and Sons, Edinburgh and London; and
William Banning and Co., London.

Now ready for delivery, uniform with Tallis's Imperial Histories of
England and America.
Part 1., price One Shilling,
THE HISTORY of IRELAND, from the earliest
period of the Irish Annals, to the Rebellion of 11348. By
THOMAS WRIGHT, Esq., M.A., F.S.A., &c., &c., Corresponding
Member of the National Institute of France ; Honorary Member of
the Royal Society of Literature, &c. ; author of " England under
the House of Hanover," " The Biographia Britannica Llteraria,"
"Essays Illustra+ive of the Literature, History, and Superstition of
England in the Middle Ages," and other works illustrative •f Eng-
lish History. Each Part embellished with a beautiful Steel Engrav-
ing, chiefly from Original Drawings. By 11. WARREN, Esq., Pre-
sident of the New Water Colour Society.
London : J. and F. Tallis, 100, St. Joha-street ; and all Bookseller..

In 2 vols. Bvo., price 18e. Gd. in cloth,
ANARRATIVE of the Treatment experienced
by a Gentleman, during a State of Modal Derangement; de-
signed to explain the Causes and Nature of Insanity,. alnd to expose
the injudicious conduct pursued towards many unfortunate sufferers
under that calamity,

By JOHN PERCEVAL, Esq.
TO CLERGYMEN, MAGISTRATES, AND M.P.'S.
Just published, price 21. Gd.,
LETTERS to the Right Honourable Sir
JAMES GRAHAM, Bart., and to other Nobleman and Gen-
tlemen, upon the REFORM of the LAW affecting the Treatment of
Persons alleged to be of Unsound Mind.
By JOHN PERCEVAL, Esq.
Effingham Wilson, Bookseller and Publisher, 11, Royal Exchange

A R. it 1 A.
2,4 One half the wend are desolately single, and the other
supposing them married, questionably contented. Dilldence, or a
sense of right determine the former, and miscalculated hopes em-
bitter the latter. The solitary one may shield himself under the plea
of caution and worldly prudence, and the indissoluble, regret an-
comprosiag harry ; but the truth lies deeper. Physical incapacity,
and broken health, are the great hindrances to domestic happiness
and social content. The dowry should net be the only marriage set-
tlement. Honour and justice demisted that health should fern as item
In the compact; it alone dignities the alliance. Blighted hopes er
neglect wound more sorely than poverty or misfortune. Reader, it
these surmises concern yea, procure Dr. cuLvErcirzLL's little
MEMOIRS 'Oa Single and Married Life, " pub, in 2 vols., Is.
sack
redaed agheatively
(by oast, in stamps, each). Let n im, prudish prudish feeling deter you, by their titles, o nor be hindered
ay irliainterpretatien of their 'apposed contents, from obtaining
them. They are not intended certainly for mere idle cariosity, but
for the closet perusal of those mere deeply interested, to whom
they are offered as antagonistic to the empyrical trash put forth on
the above subjects, by unqualified authors, which alone or
titogether, are a disgrace to the age. Furthermore, two other
ttle publications claim yoar attentioa (same price Is. each,
y post Is. 6d.) called " What to Eat, Drink, and
Avoid," and " How to be Happy." They are net merely
pamphlets, but equal in quantity a library volume, nor are they the
mere ephemeral scribbling' of the hour, but the study of the author's
life, who owes his present existence, health, and position to this ob-
servance of the maxims he would inculcate—to do unto others as he
would be done ante—to live atter satire's laws—and to keep always
an the sunny side of the 'way." The above works nay be kad
Sherwood, 23, Paternoster-row ; Carvalho, 147, Fleet-street ; Mann,
39, Cornhlll ; Ralson, 07, West Strand ; er direct (by post or other-
wise) from the author (who may be conferred with personally, and svenings), IC Argyll-place Regent-street; and alt
Bookseller*.

With a view of carrying into operation all avail-
able means of precaution against the impending
danger, the General Board of Health recommends
that the guardians of the poor in England and Wales,
and the parochial boards for the management of the
poor in Scotland, and their officers, should hold them-
selves in readiness to execute such directions as the
General Board of Health may see fit to issue from
time to time, under the provisions of the Act of the
11th and 12th of Victoria, c. 123, entitled " An Act
to renew and amend an Act of the 10th year of her )
present Majesty, for the more speedy removel of
certain nuisances and the prevention of contagious
and epidemic diseases."
The guardians of the poor and the parochial boards
will probably be required, either by themselves indi-
vidually, or by persons employed or to be specially
appointed by them for the purpose, to make examina-
tions from house to house of their several districts,
and report to their boards upon the state of each
locality as far as regards the prevalent sickness, and
the removable causes upon which it may appear to
depend. These visitations from house to house will
be especially required in the dangerous districts ; and
it is to be kept in view that every district or place is
dangerous in which typhus and other epidemic dis-
eases have regularly occurred.
The board of guardians and parochial boards will
have to put in force, whenever it may appear to be
required, those provisions of the Act that relate to
nuisances.

Illustrated by 26 Anatomical Coloured Engrayiag. 0. steal..
OX PHYSICAL DISQUALICATIONS, GENERATIVE INCAPA-
CITY, AND IMPEDIMENTS TO MARRIAGE.
New Edition, enlarged to 196 pages. Just published, price 2s. 6d., or
by post, direct from the Establishment, 3s. 6d. in postage stamps,
rHE SILENT FRIEND, a Medical Work on
the infirmities and decay of the generative system, from ex-
cessive indulgence, infection, and the inordinate use of mercury,
with remarks en Marriage, end the means of obviating certain dis-
qualifications. Illustrated by 26 Coloured Engravings. Ey R. and
L. PERRY and CO., 19, Eerners-stroet, Oxford-street, London.
Publishes( by the Authors : sold by Strange, 21, Paternoster-row ;
Hannay, 63, and Sanger, 150, Oxford-street ; Starie, 23, Titehborne-
street, Ha3-raarket ; and Gordon, 146, Leadenhall-street.
PART I. treats of the anatomy and physiology of the re-productive
organs, and is illustrated by Six Coloured Engravings.
PART 11. treats of the consequences resulting tom excessive indul-
gence, and their lamentable effects en the system, producing mental
and bodily weakness, nervous excitement, and generative incapacity.
It is illustrated by Three Explanatory Engravings.
PART 111. treats of the diseases resulting from infection, either in
the primary or secondary form, and contains explicit directions for
their treatment. The consequences of early neglect arid of the abuse
of mercury, are also clearly pointed out. This section is illustrated
y Seventeen Coloured Engravings.
PART IV. treats of the Prevention of Disease by a simple ap-
plication, by which the danger of infection is obviated. Its action
is simple but sure. It acts with the virus chemically, and destroys
its power en the system. This important part of the Work should
be read by every 'roving Man entering into life.
PART Y. is devoted to the consideration of marriage, and its
duties. The causes of unproductive union are also considered, and
the whole subject critically and philosophically inquired into.
TinsCoanist. BALM or SYRIACIIIII is exclusively employed In treat-
ing nervous and sexual debility, impotence, &c., 115 .and 335. per
bottle. The Concentrated Detersive Essence, an anti-syphilitic
remedy, for purifying the blood in cases of infection, secondary symp-
torns,,eruptions, and the abuse of mercury, Ile. and 335, per bottle.
Perry 's Purifying Specific Pills, 2s. dd., 4s. 6d., and I Is. per box, a
cydienr.gencerromhasuiata,gtiloeent,fsetrie, cutarbeysieatntedrc,hlrof.nicsinfiraamckmea-ts
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.111Tsvo. and Five to Eight ; on Sundays from Eleven to One.

Great benefit having been derived from the cleans-
ings that were resorted to on the former visitation of
cholera, and experience having shown that preven-
tive measures against cholera are also preventive
against typhus and other epidemic and endemic
diseases, the boards of guardians should carry into im-
mediate effect all practical measures of external and
internal cleansing of dwellings in the ill-conditioned
districts.
The chief predisposing causes of every epidemic,
and especially of cholera, are damp moisture, filth,
animal and vegetable matters in a state of decompo-
sition, and in general whatever produces atmospheric
impurity : all of which have the effect of lowering the
health and vigour of the system, and of increasing the
susceptibility to disease, particularly among the young,
the aged, and the feeble.
The attacks of cholera are uniformly found to be
most frequent and virulent in low lying districts, on
the banks of rivers, in the neighbourhood of sewer
mouths, and wherever there are large collections of
refuse, particularly amidst human dwellings. In a
recent proclamation, issued for the protection of the
population of the Russian empire, the important in-
fluence of these and similar causes has been recog-
nised, and the practical recommendations founded
thereon are to keep the person and the dwelling
place clean, to allow of no sinks close to the house,
to admit of no poultry or animals within the house,
to keep every apartment as airy as possible by venti-
lation, and to prevent crowding wherever there are
sick.

BANK OF ENGLAND.
(From last night's Gazette.)
An Account, pursuant to the Act 7th and Bth of Victoria, cap. 32, for
the Week ending on Saturday, the 30th day of September, 1848.
ISSIIR DEPARTMENT.
Notes issued.... •• •• 27,120,705

Government debt . • 11,015,100
Other securities •• • • 2,984.900
Gold coin and bullion 12,610,796
Silver bullion .... .. 509,909

427,123.705

Householders of all classes should be warned that
their first means of safety lies in the removal of dung
heaps and solid and liquid filth of every description
from beneath or about their houses and premises.
Though persons long familiarised to the presence of
such refuse may not perceive its offensiveness, nor
believe in its noxious properties, yet all who desire to
secure themselves from danger should labour for the
entire removal of filth and the thorough cleansing of
their premises; which also the law will require of
each person for the protection of his neighbours, as
well as for his own safety.
Next to the perfect cleansing of the premises, dry-
ness ought to be carefully promoted, which will of
course require the keeping up of sufficient fires, par-
ticularly in the damp and unhealthy districts, where
this means should be resorted to for the sake of venti-
lation as well as of warmth and dryness.
From information recently obtained from Russia,
it appears that, in some barracks and other places in
which large numbers of people are congregated,
where these conditions have been attended to in a
manner that may be equally practised in private
houses, there has been a comparative immunity from
the prevailing eipdemic, exactly as in this country,
where in public institutions, though as yet by no
means perfect in the means of ventilation, there has
been an almost entire exemption from epidemics
which have ravaged private houses in the very same
districts.

But while -a certain amount of cleansing can be
effected by every householder, each in his own pre-
mises, the means of thoroughly purifying the densely
populated districts are beyond the power of private
individuals.

Accordingly, by the recent Act 11th And 12th Vic-
toria, c. 123, sec. 1, in cases of inability, insufficiency,
or neglect, the law has charged the cleansing opera-
tions upon certain public bodies, namely, " the town
councils, or any trustees or commissioners for the
drainage, paving, lighting, or cleansing, or managing
or directing the police, or any other body of a like
nature, or any commissioners of sewers, or guardians
of the poor."
By this Act it is provided that upon notice in writ-
ing, signed by two or more inhabitant householders,
that any dwelling-house or building is in a filthy and
unwholesome condition, or that there are upon such
premises any tbul and offensive cesspool, drain,
gutter, or ditch, or any accumulations of filth, or that

oN OFREGULATIONS
CHOLERA.
UNITED KINGDOM LIFE ASSURANCE' GEOOIETRHENMpREENvETsTI
c 0 AI PANT. —B, Waterloo-place, Pall-mall, London ; 97
George-street, Edinburgh; 12, St. Vincent-place, Glasgow; 4, Col- 1
lege-green, Dnblin.
SECOND SEPTENNIAL DIVISION OF PROFITS.
This Company, established by Act of Parliament in 1834, affords
tke most perfect security In a large paid-up Capital, and in the great
zoccess which has attended it since its commencement—lTS ANNUAL
rNCOMB BEING TPWARDS OF 94,000/.
In 1841 the Company added a bonus of 21. per cent. per annum on
the stun insured to all Policies of the participating class from the
time they were effected, to the 31st of December, 18.10, and from
that date to 31st December, 1047, 2141. per cent. per annum was
added at the General 3feeting on 6th July, 1840.
The bonus thus added to policies from March, 1834, to the 31st of
December, 1347, is as follows:

(From the Gazette of last night.)
NOTIFICATION : TN RESPECT TO THE NUISANCES RE-
MOVAL AND DISEASES PREVENTION ACT.
General Board of Health, Gwydyr House,
October 5, 1848.
The General Board of Health having considered
the official accounts which have been received of the
course of Asiatic cholera, since the presentation of
the reports of the Metropolitan Sanitary Commis-
sioners, and having consulted medical practitioners of
eminence and of special knowledge of the subject,
and having compared the tenor of those recent ac-
counts with the observations made respecting the
former mode of the propagation of Asiatic cholera in
Europe, have now to represent,
That the experience obtained of this disease, dur-
ing its former invasions of this country, in the years
1831 and 1832, and the still larger experience ac-
quired during its recent progress through Persia,
Egypt, Syria, Russia, Poland, and Prussia, appears
to affiard ground for the correction of some views for-
merly entertained concerning it, which have an im-
portant bearing on the measure, both of prevention
and alleviation, that are expedient to be adopted.
The extent, uniform terror, and undoubted autho-
rity of the evidence obtained from observers of all
classes, in different countries and climates, and
amidst all varietes of the physical, political, and
social conditions of the people, appear to discredit
the once prevalent opinion that cholera is, in itself,
contagious ; an opinion which, if fallacious, must be
mischievous, since it diverts attention from the true
source of danger, and the real means of protection,
and fixes it on those which are imaginary; creates
panic; leads to the neglect and abandonment of the
sick ; occasions great expense for what is worse than
useless; and withdraws attention from that brief but
important interval between the commencement and
the development of the disease, during which reme-
dial measures are most effective in its cure.
Although it is so far true, that certain conditions
may favour its spread from person to person, as when
great numbers of sick are crowded together in close
unventilated apartments, yet this is not to be con-
sidered as affecting the general principle of its non-
contagious nature; nor are such conditions likely to oc-
cur in this country; moreover, the preventive measures
founded on the theory of contagion, namely, internal
quarantine regulations, sanitary cordons, and the iso-
lation of the sick, on which formerly the strongest
reliance was placed, have been recently abandoned
in all countries where cholera has appeared, from the
general experience of their inefficiency.
The evidence also proves, that cholera almost al-
ways affords, by premonitory symptoms, warning of
Its approach, in time for the employment of means
capable of arresting its progress. If indeed in cer-
tain situations, as where there is an unusual concen-
tration of the poison, or in certain individuals, who
are peculiarly predisposed to the disease, the attack
may sometimes appear to be instantaneous, still the
general conclusions that cholera is not in itself con-
tagious, and that it commonly gives distinct warning
of its approach, are two great facts well calculated to
divest this disease of its chief terrors, and to show the
paramount importance of the means of prevention, so
inuch more certain than those of cure.
The proved identity of the causes which promote
the origin and spread of epidemic diseases in general,
with those that favour the introduction and spread of
Asiatic cholera, appear to indicate the true measures
of precaution and prevention against a pestilence,
which, after an absence of sixteen years, and at a sea-
son when other formidable epidemic diseases are un-
usually prevalent and deadly, menaces a third visita-
tion ; and the General Board of Health would appeal
to all classes for their cordial co-operation in carrying
into effect the measures which careful consideration
has led them to recommend, in the full conviction that
the powers given by the Legislature for this purpose,
though they may not be ,fully adequate, and though
the time to use them may be short, cannot fail, with
such co-operation, to be attended with highly beneficial
results.

swine are so kept as to be a nuisance or injurious to
health, the authorities shall examine or cause the pre-
mises to be examined ; and if upon examination, or
upon a medical certificate of two legally qualified
practitioners, it appears that the nuisance exists, the
public authorities shall make complaint before two
justices, who are required to make order for the re-
moval of such nuisance. The amended provisions
contained in this Act should be early considere I, pro-
mulgated, and enforced, especially those for the proper
cleansing of open and foul ditches, near habitations,
by the labourers under the direction of surveyors or
trustees of highways.
The union medical officers, whose duties take them
to the relief of the destitute sick, are necessarily fa-
miliar with the places in which disease is most preva-
lent and fatal, and these are invariably found to be
the dirtiest localities, where, consequently, the cleans-
ing operations are most required: and the Nuisances
Removal Act imposes upon the guardians the duty of
directing and enforcing the proper performance of
these operations.
In several districts the police, in going their usual
rounds, have been employed with great advantage in
reporting daily as to the houses, courts, alleys, pas-
sages, and streets within their district most in need
of cleansing ; as to the carelessneis or neglect of the
scavengers in the performance of their duties, and as
to the existence of nuisances of various kinds. The
boards of guardians, or special committees formed out
of their body, are therefore recommended to asso-
ciate themselves with special committees of town
councils, who, by their watch committees, have the
control of the police, and to engage for these purposes
the valuable services of the force.
Highly important services have been rendered by
the parochial clergy_and other ministers of religion,
in association with lay committees, for the purpose of
maintaining a system of house to house visitation in
the more depressed districts, and, wherever it is prac-
ticable, the boards of guardians are recommended to
associate with a special committee of their own
number (who for the time may be exempted from
ordinary duties) the clergy of the respective parishes
and the ministers of other religious denominations,
and to call upon the medical and other union officers
to give their aid to this committee.
It is conceived that such parochial special com-
mittee would, among other useful purposes, be pecu-
liarly serviceable in communicating information to
the poorer classes as to the particular means of pre-
' vention within 'their reach, and as to the urgent
necessity, at this season, of personal and household
cleanliness, of ventilation, and of a careful and tem-
perate mode of living.
By the Contagious Diseases Prevention Act, the
General Board of Health is required to frame rules
! and regulations to assist and direct the guardians of
the poor and other local authorities in the performance
of the special duties imposed upon theni whenever the
country is visited or threatened by any formidable
epidemic or contagious disease ; and accordingly
the Board has lost no time in putting itself in
communication with the Poor-law Commissioners,
with the view of taking all practical precautions
against the scourge which is so steadily approaching
our shores ; and the Board is now engaged in prepar-
ing regulations for the more public and general mea-
sures of precaution and alleviation, which will be
issued and put in execution in the several districts as
soon as their particular condition shall have been
ascertained.
In the meantime, if notwithstanding every precau-
tionary measure which can be taken, this disease
should unhappily break out in any district, then it
will be essential to the safety of the inhabitants that
they should be fully impressed with the importance
of paying instant attention to the premonitory symp-
tom that announces the commencement of the attack.
This premonitory symptom is looseness of the
bowels, which there is reason to regard as universally
preceding the setting in of the more dangerons stage
of the disease. Sometimes, indeed, under the cir-
cumstances already described, namely, where the
poison exists in unusual intensity, or the constitutional
predisposition is unusually great, the first stage may
appear to be suppressed, as occasionally happens in
violent attacks of other diseases ; but in cholera this
event is so rare as to be practically of no account;
and in all countries, and under all varieties of con-
ditions in which this disease has been epidemic, the
experience as to this point uniformly agrees with what
is observed at the present moment at Hamburgh.
" In most cases," writes the British Consul, re-
specting the epidemic which has just broken out in
that city, " the disease has first manifested itself in a
slight relaxation of the bowels, which, if promptly
attended to, the patient generally recovers; but if the
symptoms are neglected, spasmodic attacks ensue,
and death follows mostly in from four to six hours."
This looseness of the bowels may be accompanied
with some degree of pain, which, however, is gene-
rally slight ; but in many cases pain is wholly ab-
sent ; and for some hours, and even days, this bowel
complaint may be so slight as to appear trifling; so
that, without a previous knowledge of the importance
of the warning, it might easily escape notice alto.
gether.

It must be repeated, however, that whenever
Asiatic cholera is epidemic,
the slightest degree of
looseness of the bowels ought to be regarded and
treated as the commencement of the disease, which at
this stage is capable
of being arrested by simple
if neglected
means, but,
only for a few hours, may
suddenly assume a fatal form.
It will be indispensable, therefore, on the first out-
break of cholera, that the local authorities should im-
' mediately make arrangements for daily house to
house inspections of
thiathbee.poorer localities in their re-
spective districts;
mostin‘ the only practical means
by which, in the
dangerous situations, and
among the most
susceptible subjects, the existence of
to
the
administer the premonitor
ymptom can be ascertained in time
progress of the disoprderopr.r e remedies, so as to arrpt the
Heads of families, masters of schools and work-
houses, proprietors of large establishments and works,
such as factories, mines,their'svarehouses, wharfs, and
docks, should either be
it_ere_ own inspectors, or em-
ploy some trustworthy
to examine daily every
person in their emPlaym6bens,
proppremonitory
er remedy, if the to give at once the
be present.symptom should
Each member of the visiting
committee should be
provided with proper remedies, prepared in appro-
priate doses for administration on the s
instance in which the premonitory pot, in every
to exist ; and should report every person
symptom is found
person so treated as
requiring the instant attention of the
Dispensaries for bowel complaints medical officer.
should be estab-
lished at convenient stations,
at which the neighbour-
ing inhabitants may apply for the proper remedies
and advice the moment they are attacked by the pre-
monitory symptom.
Experience having shown that the establishment
of cholera hospitals was not successful, the best pro-
vision practicable must be made for affording assist-
ance to the individuals who may need it at their own
houses; and one of the best modes of effecting this
object will probably be the selection of proper persons
who may be instructed as nurses in the special ser•
vices required on this occasion, and paid for devoting
their whole time to attendance on the sick at their
own habitations, under the direction of the medical
officers.
It will also be necessary to engage a sufficient
number of medical officers at suitable remuneration,
some to devote their whole time by day and night to
the service of the dispensaries, and others to attend
the sick at their own dwellings.
As, however, cases may occur of extreme destitu-
tion in neighbourhoods and houses wholl—
y unfit for
the curative treatment of the sick, provision should be
made for the reception of such cases, either in the
common hospitals, in the union houses, or in seperate
apartments specially prepared for the purpose, and
properly warmed and ventilated.
Medical authorities have agreed that the remedies
proper for the premonitory symptom are the same as
those found efficacious in common diarrhoea ; that the
most simple remedies will suffice, if given on the
first manifestation of this symptom; and that the fol-
lowing, which are within the reach and management
of every one, may be regarded as among the most
useful, namely, twenty grains of opiate confection,
mixed with two table spoonsful of peppermint water,
or with a little weak brandy and water, and repeated
every three or four hours, or oftener, if the attack is
severe, until the looseness of the bowels is stopped ;
or an ounce of the compound chalk mixture, with ten
or fifteen grains of the aromatic confection, and from
five to ten drops of laudanum, repeated in the same
manner. From half a drachm to a drachm of tincture
of catechu may be added to this list, if the attack is
severe."
Half these quantities should be given to young
persons under fifteen, and still smaller doses to in-
fants

'lt is recommended to repeat these remedies night
and morning, for some days after the looseness of
the bowels has been stopped. But in all cases it is
desirable, whenever practicable, that even in
this
earliest stage of the disorder recourse should be had
to medical advice on the spot. Next in importance to the immediate employment
of such remedies is attention to proper diet and cloth-
ing. Whenever Asiatic cholera is epidemic there is
invariably found among great numbers of the inha-
bitants an extraordinary tendency to irritation of the
bowels; and this fact suggests that every article of