The Sun.
London, England, 1846-08-06 00:00:00

HAMBURGH MAIL.

COPENHAGEN, JULY 2 s.—The Berlin Gazette of to-
day contains menacing language respecting the move-
ments in the duchies occasioned by the King's letters
patent of the Bth of this month, at the head of which it
conceives the party of the lawyers is placed.
The address of Neumunster is reproached for the most
bitter and unbecoming opposition to what the' Sovrigu"
has in his letter patent designated as justice and truth.
The Danish papers will not enter into a further dis-
cussion of this movement ; only so much appears clear to
it that the Corypheei of this agitation are playing a des-
perate game, which may call for serious measures if they
do not reflect, when they become better acquainted with
the motives of the Royal letters patent.
POLISH FRONTIERS, JULY 20.—1 t is again reported
that Prince Paskeuitsch is retiring from his post in
Poland, and Prince Gorschakon is spoken of as his suc-
cessor. If we will be just, we must maintain that Prince
Paskeuitsch has done much good to the kingdom com-
mitted to his government, and that as far as circum-
stances allowed him, he governed in a mild spirit. At
the time when Benckendorf police regulations were in
force, the latter often complained of the forbearance of
the Prince.

DRESDEN, JULY 23.—His Majesty has complied
with the wish of Prince John, to accept the otice
of Commander-in-Chief of the Commercial Guards of the
kingdom, fully appreciating the reasons he assigns, and
acknowledging the service he has rendered to the State.
Major-General Mandelstch is appointed, ad interim, to
fill this office.

BERLIN, JULY 28.—The letters patent of his Majesty
the King of Denmark makes a great sensation here.
The proceedings of the Agnates in particular are looked
at with great interest. We Team that one of them,
when he was at Berlin, commissioned a learned lawyer
to draw up a memorial. But it is believed here that the
three great European Powers will leave the initiatives
in this affair entirely to the King of Denmark.

OLDENBURG, JULY 28.—We are able to announce as
a fact, that in one of the sittings of the Germanic Diet
last week, his Royal Highness the Grand Duke of
Oldenburg caused his representative in that assembly to
enter on the journal a pretext to guard his interest
against the partial representative ot; he Holstein succes-
sion, contained in the letters patent of the King of Den-
mark.
BERLIN, JULY 23.—The political prisoners here con-
tinue to enjoy the mildest treatment, and are permitted
to correspond with their relations, of course under some
control. Carriages with Polish ladies often come to
Fort Winiari to visit their relations, which they likewise
do at Sonnenburg. In the prison called the Cassioniere
St. Adalbus there were lately twenty prisoners, who on
several occasions have made a considerable noise, which
prevented the neighbours from getting their sleep ; it
has been deemed necessary to have them conveyed to
Wimiari.
OSNABURGH, JULY 26.—Several alterations which
have been ordered in the Palace, has given rise to a
report that it will shortly be occupied by the Prince of
Soloms, his Majesty's stepson, who is President of the
Council of State.—liamburgh papers, July 31.

HAMBURGII BORSENIL&LLE, JULY 28.
Bills. Money.
Austrian 5 per Cents .. ••••• • • • • • ... 112
Bank Shares • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 1570
Anglo-Russian Loan . ..... ••• • • • .... 107
Russian 5 per Cent., 'lamb. Certificate. 10014
Ditto let series Inscription..
Ditto, Rope andCo.,3d and 4th series.. 97%
Ditto, in Certificate...• • • • • .• ........
New 4 per Cent., Hope and Co. .• •• • • 90% 90
Ditto Stleglitz .• • . ..... ..... 88% 88%
Spanish New 5 per Cent • ••• • • • 17% 17%
Ditto 3 per Cent . • .• 31 30%
Anglo-Portuguese Loan, 214 per Cent • •
Dutch Actual Debt, 2% per Cent- •.• .• 5912
Ditto 3 per Cent. • • .. .•
Polish New 4 per Cent. Loan, 1844.... 79%
Anglo-Danish Loan, 3 per Cent ...... 86
National Bank Shares... .......
PRUSSIAN FUNDS.—BERLIN, JULY 30.
__

Bills. Money.
St. Sanla Sell., 31A per Cent •• • • • ‘ • • • • • • 961 95%
Truss. English Bonds, 1830, 4 per Cent.. • • • •
Foreign Exchanges ... .. . .... .... .. .. ..
Exchange ou Loudon, £1 Sterling, 3 Month,. 6 24% 6 24%

AGRICULTURAL PRODUCE BY
RAILWAY.

The following is an extract from Captain Laws' evi-
dence before the Commons' Select Committee on Rail-
ways, the report and the evidence taken before which
have just been printed :
Do you think that the advantages of railways have
been developed in the conveyance of agricultural pro-
duce ?—No ; I do not think the conveyance of agricul-
tural produce has been largely affected by railways..
In tact, with the exception of cattle and sheep, the
agricultural produce that is carried by railways is
comparatively small. Green groceries from Co lent-
garoen market into the north is considerable, and you
would be surprised to hear of the immense quantities
that are convex ed from Covent-garden to Manchester,
and from Manchester, ramified by the lines, to the
north. One of the great carriers has shown to me his
account with parties for this description of traffic; as
much as 13 and 14 tons, at this season of the year, of
water• cresses, come into Manchester from London per
day, and they are sent a considerable distance on the
lines in the neighbourhood : from Berkhamsptead
quantities are brought by carriers, and one or two of the
large greengrocers in Manchester pay more for the
carriage of garden produce than the largest manufacturers
in Lancashire. On the Manchester and Leeds Railway
next month, when the new potatoes come in from the
south, we shall carry up as touch as 200 tons of pota-
toes, onions, and other garden produce, and other
things, in a day; a vtry populous district all the way,
and we drop at each station along the line a waggon
containing 4 tons, 3 tons, and so on; these are all
brought to the Manchester market in the same way as •
to Covent-garden market, and are bought up by the
greengrocers and taken out and retailed in the district.
Though you say the amount of agricultural produce
earns d on railways has hardly yet Coen developed, are
there not a very considt rable number of cattle and sheep
conveyed upon railways?—yes, but nothing like what
there will be, The fact was, that railway companies,
not considering well the nature of that traffic, at first
put a high price upon it ; the consequence was, that as
long as drovers could pursuade graziers that they
could drive them up as cheaply by the road, and the
turnpike trust would Make a little reduction in cense-
qugneeof the railway competition, they continued to
send them along the road from distant places to Smith-
field, or to the markets in the north, even when they had
the convenience of railways; and I believe th It our
railway was the first to demonstrate that, as long as
an animal has locomotion in itself, the owner will use
that locomotion to carry it to market, and therefore we
reduced our rates so low as to knock those drovers up ;
and all the rates that have been lately introduced into
railway Bills for the conveyance of cattle are about a
third of what they started with.
And you consider that there is that progress going on
now, and that there are an increased number of cattle and
sheep conveyed by ra:lway 2—Yes ; it is growing every
day ; and now, so far from the graziers having anything
to do with driving cattle 100 or 150 miles, they will not
do it at all, but they will get them upon the railway, and
convey them to market, and come back again. We
allow a man to go in charge of two waggons for the
safety of the cattle themselves, and to return free; we
kive him a pass back agaift. The increase on all the
lines in cattle and sheep has been very large, but still I
think the majority are driven by road. Pigs always
come to us, as they are bad travellers; the Irishman
always puts his pigs upon a railway as soon as he can.

---
COMMUTATION OF TITHES.
The following is an outline of the Lord Chancellor's
Bill (just laid on the table of the House of Lords), and
intituled "An Act further to amend the Acts for the
Commutation of Tithes in England and Wales."
The preamble recites the Acts 6 and 7 William IV.,
c. 71, 1 Vict.. c. 69, 2 and 3 Vict., c. 62, 3 Vict., c. 15,
5 and 6 Vict., c. 54, 1 and 2 Vict., c. 64 ; and the first
clause proposes to give power to landowners to redeem
a rent charge not apportioned, where the amount does
not exceed fifteen pounds.
2. Upon payment of the consideration money, com-
missioners to certify that the parish is discharged of
tithes.

3. Gives power to redeem rent charge erroneously ap-
portioned on lands not chargeable therewith.

4. After redemption of the rent charge erroneously
apportioned, the appointment of the remainder to be
valid.

5. Separate rent charges, not exceeding twenty shil-
lings in amount, may be redeemed after apportionment.
Extraordinary charge not to be affected.
6. Commissioners to certify the amount of considera—
tion money for redemption.
7. Consideration money for redemption, how payable.
8. Consideration for redemption of rent charges pay-
able to spiritual owners to be paid to governors of Queen
Anne's Bounty, to be applied in augmentation of the be-
nefices to which the rent charges belonged.
9. Consideration-money in case of owners under dis-
ability, how payable.
10. Relates to consideration-money under 20/.
11, Gives power to persons entitled for limited inter-
ests to charge expenses of redemption.
12. Commissioners' certificates of redemption to be
under the hands and seal of the Commissioners, and show
the amount of the consideration-money for the redemp-
tion thereof, and to whom or in what manner the same
shall have been paid, &c.
13. Alteration of apportionment may be made after
inclosure.

14. Expenses of alteration of apportionment after
inclosure shall be borne by the owners of the lands to
which such altered apportionment shall relate, and shell
be recovered in the same manner as expenses chargeable
on the same owners in or about the making of an origi-
nal apportionment of the sum of the rent charges
charged on the same lands respectively would bare been
recoverable.

15. Supplemental apportionment of a rent charge as
made payable to one owner in respect of tithes of several
owners or held in separate rights.
16. Gives power to declare land as to which doubts
arise which delay the apportionment as a separate district.
17. Place of deposit of copy of confirmed apportion-
ment may be altered by quarter sessions.
18. Tithes, or rent-charge in lieu thereof, may be
merged after agreement or award, but before apportion-
ment. _ _

19. Powers relating to the merger, &c., of any tithes,
may be executed by a person entitled in equity.
20. 1 and 2 Vict. c. 64, to be construed as part of the
Tithe Commutation Acts.
21. Decisions concerning boundary not appealed
against to be valid, notwithstanding informality.
22. Glebe lands may be exchanged although no com-
mutation be pending.
23. Act to be construed as part of 6 and 7 Wil-
liam IV. c. 71.

THE LATE EXPLOSION OF FIREWORKS IN LAM-
MITIL—ConoNEn's INQUEST. Yesterday afternoon, Mr.
Wm. Payne, the City Coroner, held, at the Crown avern,
Lambeth-road, an inquiry into the circumstances connected
with the fire and explosion that occurred upon the premises
of Mr. S. Drewell, firework-maker, of No. 6, Hatfield-place,
Westminster-road, some particulars of which appeared in our
columns on Monday last. Several witnesses were examired,
and the jury returned a verdict, " That the fire was the result
of accident."
SwIMMING MATCH.—A swimming match came off
on Tuesdiv evening at the splendid Swimming Baths in the
Westminster-road,for two very handsome chased silver medals.
There werela competitors, divided into fourheats and four swim-
mers in each, all members of the Surrey Swimming Club. The
first four were Messrs. Cooper, Gilbert, Smith and Harrington;
they had to swim the whole length of the bath, which is Izs feet,
and back • on the return the contest was between Gilbert and
Smith, and the latter won by about two yards. The second
heat was between Messrs. Barron, Green, Emmett, and James
The third was between Messrs. Fisher, Mills, Hood,
and Bartlet. Won by Hood, Bartlet coming in second. The
fourth was contested by Messrs. Winter, Parker, and
Bavin, which was won by Winter. Then came the fifth and
last heat, in which the competitors were those who were
first in the others, and they were Smith, Winter, Hood, and
Emmet. Hood took the lead at starting, and kept it through-
out, and won, Emmet coming in a good second. There were
one or two other matches between the above, in one of
which three boys, under ten years of age, were the compe-
titors, in which a lad named Stevens was the wmper .
n.l.
OSiem betweensecondsltha
underpd iav iiknegrw, mat
aintercw. hh
iAacli:o raethe
e took p
for
formere
w place
o r
ebmetawine ee
sovereigns
dn
tMhciearsmtsyr se-
thirty-five
Messrs. Walker and Graham, but it was neck and neck,
and must be again contested. The medals were given to the
successful candidates, amidst much cheering.
PROVIDENTIAL ESCAPE. —As the half-past eleven
o'clock Bristol train, comprising first, second, and third class
carriages, neared the Box station yesterday, it stopped for
a few minutes before it came close to the platform. During
its temporary stoppage, an old tar, named Hannigan, who
had been discharged from the Hibernia, 100 guns, Cap-
tain Williams, at Cork, got out, but as soon as be ob-
served the train moving on, he attempted to re-ascend;
the third class carriage, although a hundred voice, cat
boned him against so doing. In his attempt to reach tee
step, be failed, and again made another effort for it, Mit
while in the act of so doing the train got parallel with the
platform, dragging the unfortunate man along with it, so
that three-fourths of his body was under the train while his
head and shoulders rested on the platform. At this moment
the scene was terrific, for every one imagined that he was
crushed to atoms, and the scream from the spectators were
awful. Fortunately, one of the office clerks and a constable
had sufficient presence of mind to rush to the man's rescue,
and grasping him by the jacket held him, and as the train
moved on so held him that his body was kept in
motion similar to that of the trair, until the engine
driver was enabled to shut off the steam. As soon
as he was released from his perilous situation, instead of ex-
pressing his gratitude for his miraculous escape, he exclaimed
with perfect nonchalance, " Oh, I knew there was no danger,
for I held on and was determined not to let go my hold."
One of the guards having explained to him the great danger
he had escaped, he very coolly replied, " Oh, well, if I was
killed there would be an end to me." A passenger 'then
asked him what would have becotrie of his soul had he been
killed ? " Well, I declare to God," said the old tar, "I
never thought of that ; I am very mueh obliged to you ibe.
reminding me of it, and for so doing you must take a drop of
the ' creature' (holding out a bottle of Irish whiskey) with
' me." ,
F We understand that Messrs. Willmer and Smith, of

Church-street, received an order from Buckingham Palace.
yesterday, to supply her Majesty with a copy of 'all the
Liverpool papers containing the account of Prince Albert's
visit to Liverpool. Their own paper, the European Times,
of the 4th, they printed on beautiful white Win, bound with
blue, and tied with silver tassels, which presented a very
unique appearance.—Liverpool Courier.
GAUGE OF RAlLWAYS.—Yesterday the Bill which has
passed the House of Lords, entitled "An Act for regulating
the Gauge of Railways," was printed. There are nine clauses
in the measure following the preamble, " Whereas it is ex-
pedient to define the gauge on which railways shall be con-
structed." After the passing of the Act it is not to be
lawful, except in cases mentioned, to construct any railway
for the conveyanCe of passengers on any gauge other than
4 feet 8 inches and half an inch in Great Britain, and 5 feet
3 inches in Ireland. The exceptions are set forth, and on
certain railways the broad gauge is to be used. By the 4th
provision it is declared that after the passing of the Act the
gauge of any mile ay used for the conveyance of passengers
is not to be altered. Railways constructed co
0 yery
Act may be abated. There is a provision for the
of penalties.