The Sun.
London, England, 1841-10-15 00:00:00

‘‘,-§un4

LONDON :
FRIDAY, OCTOBER 15, 1341.

some of our Irish Contemporaries, and even
some of • our metropolitan brethren, are unex-
pectedly indignant at the appointment of a Mr.
BREWSTER, a red-hot Orangeman, according to
their representations, to be legal adviser to
the Irish Secretary; and the filling up of the
uffice,of Mr. Cantu., Crown Solicitor for Tip-
perary, whose state of health had compelled
Um to try the climate of Lisbon, with a Tory.
'They advert, also, with severity to Chief Justice
BUSHE having retained his place, after he had
teased adequately to perform its duties, in order
to bequeath it to none but a Tory successor.
These writers must have been betrayed by their
own hopes, if they expected anything different,
for all those acts are consistent with Tory prin-
ciples, and worthy of Tory praise.
Our Contemporaries ought to remember that
the Government of this country is wholly con-
stituted and appointed for the benefit of a party,
and for party purposes. It is intended to main-
in dominion and splendour, an
exclusive,
irreligious, and anti-Christian Church ; to pre-
verve
in opulence and power—and this has been
avowed both by
Lord GREY and Sir R. PEEL—
the landed aristocracy ; to exalt and, enrich one
or two classes, and to impoverish all the rest;
and it has been almost uniformly conducted, n
conformity to these intentions. Even when the
Whigs were in office (ouch is the influence of the
principles on which the Government is founded,
over the mind), all the Liberal Journals ex-
claimed incessantly against the impolicy ofappoint-
ing to any office, however menial or however lordly,
any person who was not a thorough-paced Whig
or Liberal. We cannot, therefore, feel any in-
dignation at the conduct of the Tories in Ireland.
It certainly does not surpass what we expected.
It is only the necessary consequence of the prin-
ciple on which the Government is constituted;
and to blame it, is something like blaming a
steam-engine, which we have constructed and set
to work, for the motion of the vessel, which it
produces.

The great object and intention of Government,
so far as Ireland is concerned, is to preserve that
monstrous nuisance, the Irish Church. For this
object the people have been impoverished, de-
graded, and oppressed for ages. If that Church
were useful or agreeable to the people, like
potatoes or cloth, they would freely support it,
as they cultivate the ground and raise and im-
prove manufactures ; but because that Church is
both mischievous and disagreeable, the Govern-
ment has for one of its main objects to support
it by coercion. But how can the Government
effect that, unless it be administered in all its de-
partments by men who think the political nuisance
ought to be maintained? The Whig Govern-
eat, which cut off ten Bishoprics and ein.

cloyed those who regarded the Church as a nui-
sance, was preparing the way for extirpating it ;
and the Tory Government—far truer, we will
admit, to the principle of its birth—is doing, and
will do, all in its power to nourish the Church.
Accordingly it appoints Mr. BREWSTER, an
Orangeman, and dismisses Mr. CAHILL, a Ca-
tholic. Chief Justice BUSIIE, a limb of the Go-
vernment, shares the opinion that the Church
ought to be upheld at the expense of the people,
who, for all his party, constitute a very subordi-
nate consideration, and he accordingly retained
his place till he could see a friend of the Church
appointed in his stead. The appointments, then,
we repeat, of which our Contemporaries com-
plain, are the natural consequences of the system,
and to quarrel with them is like quarrelling with
potatoes for growing after they have been planted.
Passing from the indignation of our Contem-
poraries at these appointments, which is unjustifi-
able as long as they approve of the system, we
must advert to the resignation of Chief Justice
BUSHE, to illustrate a very different question.
His case and that of the Lord President HOPE
are two examples of men in high station who
have been for some time anxious to retire, but
have held on from an expectation that the
Tories would be reinstated in office. Many
ether persons nourished the same expectation.
In fact, Sir R. PEEL'S advent to office was fore-
seen and foretold for several months. It was
not the result, therefore, of caprice, favouritism, or
Court intrigue, and it has about it something of
the characteristics of a general fact or
natural law. To us this is full of consolation
and hope, for it shows that even the
accession et a Minister to office is regulated by
principles, which, by observation, we may all
come to understand, and turn to profit; as the
knowledge of the laws of gravity, after it was ac-
quired, was turned to the profit of the navigator
and the improvement of navigation.

The main element of the accession was the de-
sire of a large body of the nobility, clergy, and
gentry to place the Tories in office, because they
profess principles in accordance with the objects
and intentions of Government as we have de-
scribed it. The possessors of exclusive privi-
leges—the few favoured classes—the members
of the State Church, are all conscious that the
security of their privileges cannot be trusted to
the honesty of the acquisition or their utility
to others; that if preserved at all, it must be by
maintaining the great instrument which is
created to preserve them ; and their desire to pre-
serve them, linking numerous individuals in the
resolute attainment of one common object,
carried Sir ROBERT PEEL into office. He ga-
thered around him all who were alarmed lest
the character of the Government, as we have
described it, should be altered. He continually
and artfully nourished their alarm ; he fanned
their zeal, and at length they succeeded in
placing again in power a man who is pledged to
maintain the Government as an instrument for
aggrandizing the few at the expense of the many.
Another element of the change is to be found
in the minds of the many. The bulk of them
are accustomed, without reflection, to defer to
the desires, wishes, and opinions, of the privi-
leged classes. There is amongst them a fund of
idolatry of wealth and grandeur, the super-
stitious heritage from a former condition of
slavery, as irrationo.l as Fetiche, or Medicine-
bag worship, which makes the many anxious to
please the few, and promote their grandeur at
the expense of their own happiness. The idols,
wiser than worshipped stones, are sensible of
the power which this disposition of the bulk of
the people gives them, and they cultivate it assi-
duously by the help of a hired and bribed press,
and an allied priesthood. Incessantly, by all
the means in their power, have the bulk of the
privileged classes, as one man, pursued their ob-
ject of placing the Government in congenial
hands; and, working on minds willing to aid
them, their perseverance was, in the long run,
crowned with success. The return of Sir Ro-
BERT PEEL to power, then, is no accidental cir-
cumstance, but the combined result of the fears
of the privileged classes, and of the deference of
the many.

We cannot hope to abate the desire of the few
to preserve their privileges, though, as they see
the instrument they have constructed for their
purpose in what they call proper hands, their
alarms will subside, and their zeal will relax ;
but we may expect, by continually setting before
the many the vast injury which is inflicted on
them by the classes they worship, to lessen their
unwise deference, and so bring about another
change in the _Administration. When we reflect
on the outrages which the exclusive system in-
flicts on all Catholics and Dissenters, andall non-
electors, when we see the vast injury done to the
millions to gratify the rapacity of a few, we can
but conclude that a Government which is founded
on such principles, and which must in the long
run array against it all the excluded or unprivi-
leged masses—we must conclude that a simi-
lar great law to that which has temporarily placed
the Tories in office will hurl them from it, and at
no distant day be fatil to the whole system of
our Government.

The Ministerial Journals will do their masters
and the country great. injury if they should suc-
ceed in generating the opinion that the present
agitation on the subject of the Corn-laws is
wholly factitious and will soon blow over. The
National Operative Anti-Bread-tax Association,
which held a meeting at Manchesteron Monday,
is a distinct body from the Anti-Corn-law League,
but it will work the same end. Col. THOMPSON,
who was present, made a most judicious speech,
and recommended the operatives to demand com-
pensation from the landlords for the many years'
sufferings they have inflicted on them; and the
idea was adopted by the meeting, which voted
by acclamation the following resolution:—

" That this meeting not only considers the total repeal
of the Corn-laws to be a measure both reasonable and
jitlt, and especially beneficial to the working classes, but
also considers that the landowning aristocracy ought to
compensate the working classes for years of robbery by
refunding the whole of the unholy gains wrung from the
people by those wicked imposts."

From a small protecting fixed duty the people
have gone on to total abolition, and now they
come to demand compensation of the landed
aristocracy for wicked oppressions. Lord RA DNOR
told the Peers some few days ago, that these
wicked oppressions were provoking the multitude
to ask curious questions about the titles of th e land-
owners to their estates, and those curious questions
did not receive answers which were satisfactory
to the inquirers. The agitation, then, which the
Tory Journals pretend to despise, is intense,
and goes to the very heart of political society.
The landlords who have provoked it knoiv best,
we presume, how they can resist it, and can rely
with safety on the justice of their cause. For
our parts we cannot conceive the possibility of
holding the great multitude in subjection against
their will; and once they come
generally
conclusions solemnly recorded
atManchester,
to
and babbled out without preparation at Nor-
wich, showing they came from an intense and
cherished conviction, the power of the land-
owners will disappear like snow on the return of
spring.

" Backed by public opinion," said Sir Jamesn Graham,
before he was a renegade, "the landownersco aresety cannot
almost-
fmeaors.t
omnipotent. In violation of public opinion they
long retain an exclusive advantage. The
ful ; for on what ground will it be decided ? the
very topic which inflames to madness, n
that hunger
which breaks through stone walls will be arrayed against
them ; reason will be nu longer heard ; the barriers of
society will be broken down ; and estates, distinctions,
and honours, swept away in one resistless torrent. LET'
THOSE WHO SEEK HIGH PRICES at all risks, remember
the words of Tacitus—" Vulgus ad magnitudinem bane-
ficioruni aderat stultissimus quisque pecuniis mercebatur ;
apud sapientes cassa habebantur, quae neque da.ri neque
accipi, salva republica, poterant."
At all the meetings which have been held, all
factious, or mere Whig and Tory motives, have
been disclaimed. The agitation is no hollow
party move. It is based, as a Correspondent from
Birmingham says, on empty workshops, empty
cupboards, empty pockets, and empty stomachs.
It is an honest agitation. It has no leader. It
is neither an O'CoNiTELL nor an O'CoNNoR move.
It serves no individual ambition it is not got up

for any individual purpose. It may therefore be
slow in its progress, incomplete in its organiza-
tion, and disobedient to command; but its
results will be the more lasting and more
important. With the exclusion of the pri-
vileged classes, it is national. It is no longer
confined to Corn-laws ; it attacks all privileges,
and seems more like one of those moral revo-
lutions which prostrate systems of Government,
and of faith, than those evanescent hubbubs which
statesmen may despise and editors mock at.

The whole of the Paris Journals of Wednes-
day have reached us. In the ffloniteur of that
day we find the following news from Spain :

TELEGRAPHIC DESPATCH.
BAYONNE, OCT. 11, 3 r.m.
THE GENERAL COMMANDING THE TWEN.
TIETII DIVISION TO THE MINISTER OF WAR.

No further news from Madrid. The ordinary mails
are still due. Pampeluna and Bilbao were on the 9th, in
the same state. (Interrupted by the night.)

The 3loniteur Parisien states that public tran-
quillity was not disturbed on the 9th inst. at
Madrid. Numerous arrests were made, by
order of the Government, of persons sus-
pected of having participated in the outbreak
of the 7th. As the Madrid mail did not arrive
in Paris on Wednesday, it was supposed that it
was stopped by the insurgents. A courier, who
left Madrid on the sth with despatches from the
Regent to the Ambassadors at the Courts of
France and England, safely crossed the frontier.

The Gazette de France accuses the French
Government of suppressing the most important
part of the news from Spain. According to that
Journal the movement at Madrid was a much
more serious affair than is represented by the
Government papers. It affirms that eighty per-
sons were arrested, and eight shot by order of
the REGENT, two of whom were Lieutenant-
Generals. We do not credit this statement. No
executions had taken place up to the Dth,
although it is evident from ESPARTERO'S procla-
mation, inserted in another part of The Sun, that
severe examples will be made of those who made
an attack upon the Palace.
The attempted insurrection in Madrid was
commenced at half-past eight o'clock on the 7th
inst. The leaders of it were Generals Don
DIEGO LEON, and CONCHA, who had seduced a
battalion of the Princessa Regiment, and who ex-
pected with their assistance to carry off the young
QUEEN and her sister. ESPARTERO, who had
received intimation of the object of the con-
spirators, doubled the guards, and was him-
self with the QUEEN when the first shot was
fired. The soldiers on duty at the Palace nobly
performed their duty. They fought, well, keep-
ing the conspirators in check till the arrival of
re-inforcements. During the engagement, which
lasted for an hour, the rain fell in torrents, and
as, on the first sound of the firing the shops
were all closed, the streets would have
been in utter darkness, had not the inha-
bitants illuminated their houses. When
Generals LEON and CONCHA found that they
were getting the worst of it, and were in danger
of being taken, they fled, at the head of about
40 horsemen, in the .direction of the Basques.
Brigadier NORZA QUERAY was taken with
arms in his hands, and will doubtless be shot.
The troops remained under arms all night, and
on the following morning were reviewed, with a
body of the National Guards, by the REGENT,
in the presence of the young QUEEN, whom they
saluted with shouts of loyalty.
The Commerce positively asserts that Queen
CHRISTINA has concluded a match between the
young Queen ISABELLA and the eldest son of
Don CARLOS. If this be the case, it will ac-
count for Louts PHILIPPE'S consenting to
the banishment of the ex-Regent's advisers
from Paris. In intriguing for the over-
throw of the present Spanish Government, the
King of the FRENCH looks to the probability of
placing one of his own sons on the throne of
Spain, as the husband of Is ADELLA the
Second. The youing Queen is now eleven years
of age, and when thirteen will, according
to the laws of Spain, have a right of choosing a
husband for herself. Upon this subject we find.
the following- different version in the Gazette de
Fralee of Wednesday :

NEWS FROM SPAIN.

The ncws of the check sustained on the 7th at Madrid
by the partisans of Queen Christina, and of the vi.dent
measures adopted by Espartero in consequence of this
event, reached Paris at the same time that notice was
given from London of the counsels addressed from
Downing-street to the Regent, to induce him to push
matters if nec,.,ssary, so Far as to declare war against
France, and to deliver letters of marque, as the only
means that would prevent England front intervening in-
directly.

This news has checked the ardour of the Guizot Ca-
binet, and orders have been given to the confidants and
to the official journal to disavow all participation in the
enterprise of Queen Christina. The immediate depar-
ture of M. Salvandy is going to be annonnced. Satis-
factory explanations will be given to M. Olozaga.
Lastly, in expectation of what events may produce, a
complete retreat is to be made as decently as possible.
It is now perceived what an enormous fault was com-
mitted in refusing to enter into formal engagements
respecting the marriage of the eldest son of Don Carlos
to the young Princess Isabella. It was wished to play
a cunning game, and to have the support of the Spanish
Carlist party, without giving any pledge. Consequently
that party remains indifferent in the struggle, and neu-
tralizes all the efforts of the Christinos.
The marriage of Isabelle to the eldest son of the
Infant Don I"rancis de Paulo, which was on the point of
being concluded, with the consent of Espartero, seems
likewise not to meet the views of our Government, for
Don Francis de Paulo, who was going to Madrid, has
just been invited by the authorities at Bayonne to turn
back, and has been forbidden to pass the frontier.
What then are the projects of Queen Christina, re-
specting her daughter ? " Has she entered into en-
gagewents in favour of the Duke d'Aumale, and is this
the real obstacle which opposes the re-establishment of
peace and legitimacy in Spain.
What other news from Spain we have received
will be found in another part of The Sun. Ex-
cept this intelligence we find little of importance
in the Paris Journsls. Even the news from
Africa excites no attention in the presence of such
stirring events in Spain.
We extract the following from the Moniteur Algerien
of the 6th instant :

" The corps destined to revictual Milianah left Blidah
at five in the morning of the 27th ult., under the com-
mand of General Baraquay d'Hilliers, escorting the
largest convoy that have ever been sent out in Africa.
It was composed of nearly 4,300 horses or mules, and
about 900 head of oxen. In the plain of the Mitidjah
the expedition saw no more than about 100 Hadjoutes,who
observed its progress without seeming to be in the least
disturbed. While passing the Chaba el Ketta, about 200
Kabyles fired upon the rear guard, and put several men
hors de combat. On the 29th the convoy crossed the Col du
Goutas. About 2,000 Arab horsemen appeared on the left
flank of the column, but contented themselves with observ-
ing our march. At night-fall the bivouac was taken up near
the Marabalit of Sidi Abdel Fader. The next day, hav-
ing deposited its enormous charge at Milianah, the ex-
pedition started again early in the morning, and repassed
the Goutas on October Ist. The rear-guard was again
attacked by 500 or 600 Arabs, but the superiority of our
arms, and the judicious employment of our artillery, oc-
casioned them considerable loss. We on this day had
about 15 men put hors de combat. The corps bivouacked
at Oued Adelia and Oued el Ger, and protected by
two lateral columns, charged to secure the march by
taking possession of the heights, entered the valley of
Oued el Ger, and bivouacked on the Bou Roumi, at the en-
trance of the plain. The parallel columns had serious en-
gagements with the enemy, and killed and wounded 20 of
our men. On the 3d, the column arrived and encamped
under Blidah. This expedition of seven days was attended,
perhaps, with greater difficulties than any former one. The
excessive heat, the constant scarcity of water, the length of
several forced marches, gave the troops a new opportunity
of showing their energy, their devotion. and resignation.
The partial engagements with the horsemen and Kabyles
cost us thirteen men killed, including a captain, and 43
wounded, two of whom were officers. The losses of the
enemy were, however, much more considerable. It is to
be observed that, in spite of the incessant difficulties and
continual want of water, nearly all the convoy was con-
ducted ;safe to Milianah, and deposited 220,000 rations
of every kind."
The same Journal states that General Gueswiller had
visited Berdj-Medjana with his column, 1,800 strong,
and penetrated to the distance of 18 leagues in the chain
of mountains which divides the province of Tittery from
that of Algiers. He did not meet with resistance on any
point, and returned to Setif on the 20th September, aft,,,r
an absence of 12 days. His object was to reconnoitre a
country not hitherto visited, and he has discovered a
means of communication between Constantina, Algiers,
and Medeah, preferable to that of the El Biban (Iron
Gates).
The Journal du Luxembourgh publishes the following
intelligence :
"We hear that his Majesty the King, Grand Duke,
has appointed Messrs. Lafontaiae, Baron Blockhausen,
and the Piscatore, Commissioners for negociating a
Treaty of Commerce with Belgium. His Majesty has
likewise signed a Decree, establishing at Luxembourgh
a Chamber of Commerce, consisting of 25 Members, fur
the City and the Grand Duchy."'
On the 10th instant the steamer FAbeuvieD, No. 2,

•••:..X.. •
•
MS .(171A. 7-CZ< 44.
sc A 0 ',JAN
—/t"*"*l''l"` , stitik 4—..j‘1,, •