The Sun.
London, England, 1846-12-25 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON. FRIDAY EVENING, DECEMBER, 25, 1846.

per barrel of 14 :Acme. The average price of Oats in
ordinary years was from 7s. 6d. to 9s. But even at the
starvation price of 20s. the scramble to obtain it was
frightful.
TRALEE, SATURDAY.—During the week wheat has
been steadily advancing on a limited supply and a good
many bidders, until it may be quoted this day at from
ss. to 55. 3d. per peck of 2.1 stone. Oats, however, has
receded. There was a tolerable supply in market this
day, and may be bought at 151 d. to 15d. per stone—a
decline of three farthings per stone on the general prices
of the week. There was very little barley offered—it is
a scarce article in the market—but what was presented
brought 16d. per stone. There has been an advance of
4s. a bag on flour, and in the retail prices sd. per stone,
on first quality flour.
Coax.—Several vessels, laden with grain, have arrived
from the Continent since our last. They are all, how-
ever, with the exception of one destined for Sligo, of
small tonnage. The supply, notwithstanding, is very
seasonable. A large American has also come in. Amongst
other cereal produce, she brings 3,000 barrels of flour.
We believe she discharges here —Cork Examiner.

could exceed the indissoluble closeness, nay, the affec-
tion of the Union. But when adversity comes upon us,
in consequence of this legislative identity—when famine
walks, like the destroying nngel, through the land, and
the instances of death are now too many and too fami-
liar to select one for peculiar commiseration—then we
are to be told, You have no claim on us—we have
no connexion with you—sink or swim, look to your-
selves, and rely on your own resources.' Would such
be the language to Yorkshire in the days of a vengeful
visitation? Is it thus the Minister would repulse the
cries of the starving people of Northumberland? Oh,
no; he would not have the heart to give utterance to
such a sentiment, or, if he should, Yorkshire and Nor-
thumberland would not tamely forego their constitutional
right to a share of the common imperial exchequer, to
the funds of which they had contributed. It is only
Ireland that can be flattered with the name of a Union,
when giving her heart's blood to the prosperity of the
empire; and then, in her anition, to be abandoned to
starvation.
"We value property, but we value, the peace of the
country and the lives of the people more. Nay, the most
efficient guardians of property are those who are solici-
tous for preserving the lives of the people. They are
not ignorant of what the instincts of nature suggest,
and the axioms of jurists lay down on the rights of pro-
perty, when life is becoming the victim of starvation.
For the patience they evince, society is indebted to the
sacred influence of religion. Yes, it is to the hallowed
teaching of the Catholic clergy the peace of the country
is due ? What is their requital ? The exhibition of a
rancorous bigotry, which has been infused into the com-
position of relief committees from high quarters. The
curates, forsooth, are not persons of sufficient considera-
tion to be, put on reliefcommittees ! Yet more than once,
when all the influence of armed men and stipendiary ma-
gistrates had failed, have those very curates been se-
lected and sent forth to calm the stormy masses of the
people rushing for food with all the rage of hunger chaf-
ing w;th any opposition to their terrible instincts—in-
stincts which it would have failed any other influence
on earth to appease. I say nothing of the marked
exclusion from the benefits of the public works of
those sacred edifices from which such humanising in-
fluences go forth. It is better that they should rise and
be sustained by the poor people themselves, and, like the
priesthood who officiate in them, stand aloof as sacre d
monuments, free from the desecration with which an
official anti-Catholic patronage would be sure to soil
them. It is fortunate for the country that its priests
and temples are in a state of holy independence. For
should your infidel colleges ever flourish, or the pro-
miscuous education which you patronise bring forth its
natural fruits, you woul 1 find that lectures on the rights
of property in extrentis would scarcely be listened to with
the grave and qualifying commentaries of the bench or
the pulpit.

" Your Lordship has now a great destiny to fulfil—the
rescuing an entire people from the jaws of famine; for
nothing less than millions from the Imperial Exchequer
can avert the do 'in that hangs over the Irish nation.
13e prepared, then, to advocate such an enlarged mea-
sure; or, since your humanity would shrink from the
spectacle of a nation perishing by famine—you
will, doubtless, retire from the helm which you
may find yourself unable to guide. Such a
measure of relief from the Imperial Exchequer
must be indispensable, notwithstanding all the aid and
apsthy which may be lent by the Irish landlords. Their
apathy and listlessness, their want of council and concert,
at a moment which requires their united energies are
not among the least melancholy of the forebodings which
our awful condition forces on every reflecting mind. It
would seem as if there were no aristocracy in the
country, or as if the confusion of the great ones of
Tanis' were come upon them. They seem altogether
unmanned, and shorn of those national attributes with
which some of their ancestors were endued. Their pro-
perty is shifting away from under their feet, and they
seem seizel with an utter inability to arrest the ruin.
They are clamorous for reproductive works, in order to
be relieved of the labour-rate. They talk much of re-
munerative labour, but little of remunerative tenure,
utterly forgetting that it was the tenant's want of per-
manent security to enjny in substantial food the
fruit of their improvements, that consigned our popula-
tion, as if they were wandering tribes, to such a preca-
rious root as the potato, and that without a
tenure A% 111(.11 will make the labour reproductive to
both tenants and landlords, no agricultural improvements
such as the crisis demands, will ever be achieved. Let
the security of tenure, then, and a fair remuneration for
improvement, form an essential part of any amendment
of the Labour Act, and it will be seen what a magical
effect it will have in drawing away the people to the
seasonable cultivation of their own little farms. The
landlords are continuing too long with their arms folded.
They seem unwilling to meet in Dublin, and take counsel
of each other. Perhaps they are apprehensive lest some
mighty conjuror in the assembly should scare them awa)
by evoking the unwelcome apparition of a repeal of the
union. Such fears afford sufficient evidence that they
who entertain them, whilst they listlessly look on the
ruin of their property, are not the 'persons who would
bring much of the wisdom to the deliberations of a
national legislature.

" But whether they meet and aid you by their coun-
sel, or whether they remain aloof in their isolated help-
lessness, the Prime Minister cannot be absolved from the
high responsibility of providing for the public weal. The
period that is assigned for the meeting of Parliament
may appear near to the children of opulence, and amidst
all the charms and solace of society it will soon pass over.
But it will be a dreary and a long period to the perishing
inhabitants of Ireland. Deep snow is at this moment
covering the earth, and even the miserable day's hire,
which could not afford half a meal in the twenty-four
hours to all the members of a wretched family, is, in
many instances, withdrawn. I shudder at the conse-
quence. 3. It is too painful to contemplate. Unless you
adopt more enlarged measures than throwing the relief
of the people on the landlords, who, whatever be their
sins, should be corrected and reformed rather than anni
hilated, your Ministry will be memorable in Ireland; and
if you are ambitious of a monument, the people's bones,
slain with the sword of the famine,' and piled into
cairns more numerous than the ancient pyramids, shall
tell posterity the ghastly triumphs of your brief but dis-
astrous administration.

" ;;-1 JOHN, ARCHBISHOP OF TUAM.'

FLANDERS MAIL.

BRUSSELS, DEC. 21.—Sir George Hamilton Seymour,
Minister Plenipotentiary of the Queen of England is ex-
pected at Brussels shortly, to have his audience of leave
of their Majesties. Sir George is appointed Ambassador
to the Queen of Portugal, as successor to Lord Howard
de Walden, who is appointed in the same quality at the
Court of Brussels.
The Chamber of Representatives continue in the dis-
cussion of the articles of the budget of the Interior, and
was engaged to-day on the 11th chaper, relative to agri-
culture. The proposal of the central section for grant-
ing 220,000 francs was adopted by the Chamber.
The third article of the 11th chapter (74,000 francs
for the encouragement of agriculture) was the subject of
a debate which was not concluded on the question, whe-
ther it was proper or not to encourage, by bounties, the
cultivation of madder. Messrs. Corswaren, Osy, and
Desmet were in favour of granting bounties, which were
opposed by Messrs. llopschrnutt and Vanien Steen, who
considered the cultivation of madder as impossible in
Belgium. The Chamber will decide to-morrow. At the
commencement of the sitting, M. de Garcie presented
his report on the Project of 1.2. w for granting a provi-
sional credit of five millions to the war department. This
report will be discussed to-morrow.

In the same sitting, the Chamber adopted unanimously
the project of law which authorises the Government to
vxempt from importation duty salt, used for the feeding of
cattle or as manure for the land. The senate, in its sit-
ting to-day, after hearing several reports, adopted the
project of law relative to the contingent of the army for
1847. It then entered on the general details of the
budget of ways and means. On this occasion, several
' members made many useful remarks. The discussion
closed, and the article is to be voted to-morrow.
Their Majesty's the King and Queen will return from
Paris before New Year's day.
The price of wheat has again risen at Brussels, and
this circumstance excites the murmurs of the lower
classes. The rise in the price of wheat in Brussels
market during the two last weeks was only 20 centimes
per half hectolitre, ending Friday, Dcc. 11, and the fol-
lowing day bread rose one centime per kilogramme. Last
Friday, the 18th Dec., there was a rise of 29 centimes
per half hectolitre on wheat, and a fall of 17 centimes on
rye. Bread rose again one centime. The price of bread
of the third quality is now 40 centimes per kilogramme
at Brussels. This is as dear as in the scarcity of 1816.
A letter from Orleans of the 16th says---“ For these
ten days the snow covers the whole province of Luxem-
burg, and in some places to the depth of several yards.
The roads are blocked up, and carriages are delayed for at
least 10 hours on the road from Liege and Namur to
Arlan. In the direction of Boulogne and Sedon the
diligence have been obliged to stop halt-way and pass
the night. Wolves appear in great numbers this year
in the province of Luxemburg. The cold is intense,
and suspends all labour. This increases the privations
of the working classes, and will augment them yet more
if it should be prolonged. This season is totally different
from that of the winter 1845, it is, therefore, feared in
the Ardennes, that the distress will be still greater than
last year, though the potato crop has been more favour-
able than it was last season.
GALICIAN FRONTIERS, DEC. 12.—Accounts from
Vienna state that Count Flahaut has presented the
French protest against the incorporation of Cracow. It
is s)id that the three protesting Powers will, in the
course of this month, draw up a second justification and
declaration on the question of Cracow, to be presented
to the Cabinets of London and Paris, which will after-
wards be published in the public journals. The nego-
tiations between Prussia and Austria, respecting the
commerce and the custom duties on the frontiers of
Silesia and Cracow, are said not to have yet led to any
result.

CHEAP RE-PUBLICATION OF IMPORTANT WORKS.
—We observe that Mr. Colburn announces a re-issue, in
cheap monthly parts, of those two important and national
works, " The Nelson Letters and Despatches," and
Burke's History of the Landed Gentry." The first
part of each work is to appear with the magazines on
the Ist of January, and there can be little doubt that
they will attain in this popular form that wide circula-
tion to which they are so justly entitled.
The Russian Government has just ordered the cap-
tains of foreign vessels laden with cotton and bound for
the Ru: sian ports in the Baltic, to provide themselves at
the Sound with certificates from the Danish authcrittcs,
declaring that the cotton of which their cargo consists
is not of a dangerous kind, as witholtt th:3 precaution
the vessels will incur a risk of being refused admission.
It is added that it may even happen that the authorities
in the Russian ports will require the destruction of the
cotton.

STATE OF TRADE.
(Frcm the IVine Trade Circular.)
A heavy and inert feeling still continues to hang ow r
the wine market ; and, although we do not generally
expect any very large transactions, so close to the turn of
the year, still, we are inclined to think, that there is even
more than the usual degree of dulness exhibited, just
now. This ought not to be the case, as there is nothing
like the same amount of capital locked up, that there was
last year, at this period, and leeitimate business has now
taken the place of the reckless spirit of speculation,
which seemed to have seized upon every one, at about
this time twelve-months. Under these circumstances,
we are much surprised to find, that scarcity of money in
the wine market, and even those whose means are known
to be very large, showing such great reluctance to part
with one shilling. This cannot last, and we are certain,
that as soon as the new year commences, we shall find a
much brisker trade, and that at very fair pr ces. The
goods more in demand, just at this moment, are common
crusted Ports, about 6 to 12 months in bottle, and vary-
ing in price from 235. to 265. per doz.
The Brandy-market is now rapidly assuming a.more
favourable aspect, the rage for speculation having abated,
and that for a very simple reason, viz., " those who have
bought Brandies at the extremely high rates, in expec-
tation of a further advance, have been seriously disap-
pointed, and compelled to part with them, in many in
stances, at the prices given, but more frequently at a
considerable reduction." This, we have reason to be-
lieve, is now nearly all over, and the daily increase in
the consumption will warrant us in calculating that
brandies will now remain at about Is. per gallon advance
on the price before the reduction of duty.
There are now, comparatively, few old-landed brandies
in the market, and those will not command a price com-
mensurate with their real value in point of &your, in
consequence of their lowness in strength ; for instanc,a
brandies landed in 1840 or 1841, will come out at 12 to
15 per cent. under proof, which serious loss almost
places them out of the market, unless for certain pur-
poses ; we would; therefore, advise all parties holding
these brandies, to vat them with newly landed 1844'5,
and the result will be as fine a spirit as can be desired.
The brandies most sought after at the present time,
are 1844'5, landed in 1845; these-brandies possess nearly
all the eoftnees and flavour of 1842'5, with the additional
advantage of coming out at proof. We have been shown
some Martell's 1844'5, (old-landings), that it would be
almost impossible to distinguish from 1842'5, and e e
have no doubt will command nearly the same price,
after the tnrn of the year. By advices from Jamaica,
received yesterday, we find Otard's brandies quoted at
6s. to 6s. Gd. We shall take an early opportunity of
reverting to this subject.
In rums we find a very fair business doing at firm rates,
and with an almost absolute certainty of an advance.
In speaking thus, we are influenced by the fact, that in
Jamaica there is much agitation upon the question of a
reduction of the duties upon British possession rums, in
conjunction with the feeling of almost the entire trade
of the United Kingdom, that this spirit ought not to be
exempt from the free-trade principles, but that a very
great reduction ought forthwith to be made in the duty,
which is now almost prohibitory in England, and entirely
so in the Sister Isle.
In the House of Assembly, at Jamaica, there has been
some very strong resolutions passed, to be forwarded in
the shape of a memorial, or rather remonstrance, to the
mother country, and in speaking upon this subject, Mr.
Thompson said, " there is another point which must be
urged on the Government, and it will be urged with
success, for it will carry the support of the advocates of
the free trade system, as well as the advocacy of every
man of sense and justice :—it is, that we should have
the application of the free trade system to our spirits—
the eaualisation of duties on British plantation spirits,
and the admission of our sugar and Molasses in the Bri-
tish breweries and distilleries. At present the duties
upon our spirits in Great Britain amounted almost, and
in Ireland to an entire prohibition. The effect of this
reduction may be calculated on the increased consump-
tion that had taken place, when the duty had been re-
duced 6d. per gallon. If they would do these, it would
make up in some measure for the depreciation in sugar.
Let them concede to us that boon, or rather let them
perform to us that act of justice towards us, and our lot
may yet not be hopeless. The Brilish distiller would
still have the advantage over us, for he manufactured in
his own country, whilst we had to pay freight and other
contingent expense of shipment ; that was sufficient
protection to him. If our sugar were admitted not
alone into the British distilleries and breweries, but
also for many other uses, it would give so great an im-
pulse as to keep up the demand, and the price may
remain as it is, at the present day. It might probably
happen, that a regard for the revenue of the country
may preclude the immediate favourable consideration of
this point ; but it would not be long ere they would be
obliged to yield to the voice of the country, who must
see the justice, and relieve the urgent necessity of our
case. They could not refuse to carry out the system
they had themselves begun ; they must adapt that sys-
tem to the necessity of our case, or we must indeed go
to the ground." Besides which, we find Mr. Moncrief
informing the House, that, "in 1833, 34,000 puns.
of rum were exported, whilst, in 1845, there were only
16,000 exporteci.. ; showing a difference of 18,000 puns.
If these facts do not speak plainly to the trade, we
do not know what will, more particularly when we add
the following latest quotations in the market at King •
ston, Jamaica :—" Rum is looking up ; 50 puns. have
been parted with at 4s. 2d. per gallon ; small parcels
command 4s. 3d. for ordinary descriptions, and 4s. Gd.
for best sorts." Hero we have plain, straight-forward,
honest truth speaking trumpet-tongued to our Legisla-
ture, and that, in such homely phrase, but, at the
same time, with such firmness, that it- must command
attention.
Is it worth while considering what it is our colonists
demand, and whether those demands are founded on
justice? To this we fearlessly reply, that there demands
are both just and reasonable, being founded upon the
true spirit of international, or rather—if we may use the
word—inter-colonial trading. Why should we preserve
the old and highly-exorbitant rates upon rums, whilst
we have granted a very considerable reduction in the
duties upon brandies?—and why should we grant the
latter boon to a nation whose feeling towards us is cer-
tain—at the least, very unquestionable;—whose laws
nearly prohibit the importation of our manufactures,
and whose Government has, even up to this moment—so
far from showing any signs of reciprocity—still continued
all the old restrictions, and by every means in its power
encouraged the manufacture of our staple commodities;
we repeat, why should we grant them this great boon—
and a great boon they must acknowledged it to be, as we
have not only consumed 200,000 gallons extra of their
spirit (here we only refer to that upon which duty has been
paid, to say nothing of the immense extra importations),
but that an advance of fully one shilling a gallon upon
the previous rates, and, up to the present time, at a loss
to us of revenue of 50,0001., and still refuse the same
proportion of reduction of Auty to our colonists, whose
laws almost compel them to consume British manufac-
ture; and British manufactures alone, and whose sole
trade is confined between themselves and the mother
country? Is this justice? —is this even-handed
legislation?—is this what our suffering colonists have
a right to demand from the fostering—we almost
think the better word would be ruinous—care of the
Home Government ? We fearlessly answer, No.
If they are to be shackled with our legislation—
if they are to be almost swamped by officials sent from
England, to be maintained at their expense—if they are
still to be considered as integral portions of this king-
doge—we say, give them not only the full onus of me la
an union, but at the same time give them the full benefit
of it, and allow them to stand upon the same footing as
our British manufacturers. This is what they are ju-stly
entitled to, and this they must eventually obtain—not,
we expect, so much from a sense of justice felt by the
Ministers of her Majesty, but by that power which
always has, and always will, compel them to do justice,
however tardy; we mean, the voice of the nation—vox
populi est vox Dei ; and, in this instance, we think that
the old and hacknied quotation may he properly applied.
The West India Interest, once almost overwhelming,
is still formidable, and only wants to be thoroughly
aroused to obtain this fair and proper alteration in the
law ; and we trust that the day is not far distant when
their slumbering energies- will be aroused, and they will
arise like one man and claim their just, their undeniable
rights. Let it, however, be distinctly understood, that
so far from condemning the reduction of duty on brandy
we highly applaud it, and only contend for, at least a
proportionate reduction on spirits, tho produce of cur
ill-fated West India Islands.
It is very probable, however, that we may find the
Ministers that be, assuming a fearful tone respecting
this reduction in the duty upon rums, which the West
India colonists are now so emphatically calling for,
under the plea of loss of revenue ; but they should take
into consideration that, however homely, still there is
much truth in the phrase, " what is sauce for the goose is
sauce for the gander," and that that reform which the
high rate of duties un brandy called for so imperatively,was
a bold measure, and one which would certainly for the
first few months cause a defalcation in the revenue. Ex-
perience has Rot always proved that a reduction in duties
causes a corresponding reduction in revenue ; but so far
from that, in many cases, we find that each reduction
has not only added to the consumption, thereby turning
the tide of trade in our favour, but also increased our
revenue. Another consideration with them may perhaps
be, that a serious injury would be caused to our English
distillers, by the proposed reduction ; but this is also a
fallacy, as it is an acknowledged fact, that the consump-
tion of British brandy has increased, even in a greater
ratio than that of foreign brandy, and that, at the pre-
sent moment, many who never before thought of using
British spirits, are now consuming largo quantities : still,
presuming that our distillers should suffer from this re-
duction—we ask, is it fair, that so small a class should be
benefited, to the great detriment, or indeed, almost cer-
tain ruin of those colonies, for whose support we have
already expended ? Either our colonies are worth
supporting, or they are not. Either we ought to place them
upon such a footing, as will enable them to maintain
themselves, or we ought to abandon them ; and not by
such paltry legislation entail, in the first place, ruin upon
the colonies themselves, with a certainty of having to
put our hands in John Bull's pockets, eventually, to help
them out of the position in which an obstinate, and short
sighted policy has plunged them.
We, however, contend that the said colonies never
have been, nor will they ever be worth, in point of
revenue, one maravedi to the English nation ; but as our
statesmen, one and all, consider them amongst the
brightest (l) jewels of the crown, it might be well worth
their while to consider how far they may play with these
jewels, without the fear of tarnishing their splendour,
to say nothing of the further chance of some very kind
neighbour, or annexing ally, quietly appropriating such
inestimable treasures to their own purposes. Such
things have occurred within the memory of man, or else
rte.ir:L3 ; ate! we thick that, in
tee present days, when treaties see quietly slurred over on
the on part, and cleires of right are so very quietly put
forward on the other, some little care and some little
nursing would not be amiss, to prevent the possibility of
such a fearful disaster; or, to speak more plainly, We

may say, that although the West Indian colonies are
not, of themselves, sufficiently strong to take upon them-
selves the onus of throwing off their loyalty to the Bri-
tish Crown, still, batked on the one side by France—
who has long coveted the in—and encouraged en the
other the United States—who always consider them
as a part of their territory,--they may, unless we take
more prudent measures for their government, prove very
troublesome and refractory jewels, and lead to another
scene of war and bloodshed, which ought to be avoided
at any price, short of sacrificing our national honour.
We again repeat, that with the above-mentioned facts
before us, we have no hesitation in stating that the
Rum-market must go up coasiderably, and that speedily,
the more so when we find that our prices are not at the
present moment one penny above those of Jamaica.

INSTITUTION OF THE FINE
ARTS IN ROME.-CONGREGATION OF
VIRTUOSI.

Second to the academy of St. Luke, the other great
institution of the fine arte is the congregation of the
virtuosi at the Pantheon, instituted 1523. It meets in
the chapel dedicated to St. Joseph, opposite to that of
the Madonna, under which is interred the immortal
Raphael. Its founder was a canon of the Pantheon,
named liesidezio Adjutoria, and it is called " dei Vir-
tuosi," because orginally only admitting those who col
tivate the fine arts professionally. A reformation was
effected in its system a few years ago, for the benefit of
the youthful students of the arts of design, and in 1839
its new statutes were approved of by Gregory XVI.
According to these, its members are now composed of
virtuosi of merit, and of honour ; the first divided into
resident and correspondent Inen:hers, all of whom
are artists of distinction; the second, either patrons of
the arts, or literary men. The resident virtuosi do not
exceed the number of forty-five;- the correspondent, of
thirty; the number of virtuosi of honour unlimited; and
at present reaches to 200; that of virtuosi of mer.

at present twenty-three; and in this congregation wome!:
also, who have distinguished themselves in any walk ol
the fine arts, are admitted.

The institution has at its head a regent (at present
the Cay. Fabris, a sculptor); and is governed by another
triennial regent (the Cay. Podesti, a painter), and by a
council composed of thirty virtuosi of merit ; of these
are ten painters, ten sculptors, and ten architects, who
till different offices, all held for three years, except those
of the secretary and archirista, held for life.
The institution not having directly for its object in-
struction, does not hold public schools, like the Academy
of St. Luke ; but, aiming rather at the encouragement
of the arts, has established concourses, bimestral and
biennial. The first meets to pass judgment on some
subject of sacred or philanthropic argument, treated in
painting, sculpture, and architecture ; artists of all na-
tions may take part in it, provided they be Catholic,
and the works are each judged by that class of
artificers to whom they aispertein. The reward
consists in a silver medal, of five ounces weight,
with the effigy of Raphael on one side, and
the inscription, " Concorso bimestral al Pantheon ;" and
on the other the arms of the congregation, with
the motto, " Florent in Domino." The next bimestral
concourse will take place in December of the pre-
sent year. The works of the concurrents to be exposed,
witl be an the following subjects. In painting : The
Generals of Holofernes, who, after long expecting, enter
his tent, and find him dead. In sculpture : Raquel,
who, having received Moses into his house, a wanderer
and fugitive, offers him his daughter Zippora us wife : a
basso-relievo. In architecture : design for a building
for the exposition of works in painting and sculpture.
When the works presented have been examined by the
assembled congregation, and those worthy of receiving
the reward have been determined on by secret vote, the
accompanying letters are opened containing the names
of the artists, who are then informed of the decision in
their favour. In the biennial, also caked the Gregorian
concourse, artists of every description, on condition of
being Catholic, may compete. The works are exhibited
in the Church of the Pantheon ; and ten days
before the feast of the patronage of St. Joseph (3d
May), the virtuosi assemble and pass judgment on
each, according to its class, selecting three, one
of painting, one of sculpture, and one of archi-
tecture, to be awarded ; sometimes a second reward
is given to some worthy of especial notice, or a
testimonial of honour conferred upon the artist. The
premiums are solemnly conferred in the Pantheon an
he festival above -ince tioned, consisting of a gold
medal for each' class, similar to that of the bimestral
concourse, and of the value of twenty-five sequins. The
benefit secured to the interests of the fine arts by this
institution, is unquestionable. It opens to young artists
a field for distinguishing themselves, and stimulates them
by the hope of reward conferred with every circumstance
of honour.

In the Apostolic Hospital of S. Michele at Mini
Grande, to which we shall conduct our readers sone
future time, exists a magnificent institution of the fine
arts; and of this we may here give a gem.Tal idea, in
the sole school of design. Here, frum the multitude
of youths, between the ages of nino and twenty-one,
who are gratuitously maintained and instructed in
every branch of arts and trades; those are chosen
who give promise of succeeding best in the cultivation
of liberal arts, and are devoted to the elementary study
of these. At present, those employed in the school of
design are one hundred in number; seventy of these are
engaged in figure drawing; ten in ornamented, and four
in architectural; each to dedicate himself subsequently
to whatever art he pleases; thus, at present, two dedi
sate themselves to painting, twelve to modelling, and out
of these, five to working in marble also. Others work
in intaglio and cameo. These young artists also receive
instruction in algebra, geometry, perspective, mythology,
geography, anatomy, and history (sacred and profane),
from various able professors, almost all belonging to the
academy of St. Luke. They also attend at the evening
school, and at the school of the Nude, given by the
academy, on the capitol, where their sketches are exa-
mined and corrected by a member deputed for that pur-
pose.—Ronan Advertiser, Nov. 7.

LAW INTELLIGENCE.
SHERIFFS' COURT, Dec. 24.
DELL V. MAY AND STEWART.
(Continued from our Afternoon Edition of yesterday.)
The deed of partnership was then put in and objected
to, en the ground that it was a deed made lr.thind the
back of the plaintiff.
The Learned UNDER-SHERIFF held that it could be
admitted. In summing up, however, he told the jury that
it did not follow that because a deed was executed on a
particular day, that a partnership did not exist before as
far as a division of profit and loss went, although they
might not have held themselves out to the world as
such. The set-off in the action was a point of consider.
able importance—it was not conclusive evidence of a
general partnership, but it went far to prove the fact,
and it would be a singular thing if they were partners
in September, 1843, and not so in February, but again
so in March.
The jury stopped the case, and found for the plaintiff.
Mr. OGLE asked leave to move to set aside the verdict,
as plaintiff had made out the bill to May only.
The UNDER-SHERIFF said that if the plaintiff did not
knew there was a partnership, he was not bound. It
was entirely a question for the jury, and he saw no rea-
son to disturb the verdict.

EDINBURGH HIGH COURT OF
JUSTICIARY.

The Court met on Monday, the Judges present being
the Lord Justice Clerk, Lord Moncrieft; and Lord
Wood.
BREACH OF TRUST BY A BANK OFTICER Ronald
Gordon, late secretary and accountant to the Exchange
Bank of Scotland, Edinburgh, was charged with eleven
acts of theft, or breach of trust ; libelled as having been
committed at different periods from 25th January to
19th June, 1846, and involving property amounting in
the aggregate to upwards of 3,0001.
The prisoner pleaded Not Guilty.
Mr. Neaves (with whom was also Mr. Fraser), in a
speech of considerable length, made a number of ob-
jections to the libel ; the charges contained in it, he
contended, not being sufficiently specific, or according to
the usual form.

Mr Davidson having replied on behalf of the Crown,
The Court, after consulting with the Lord Justice
Genera), sustained one of the objections which related
to a departure from the usual style in which the charge
should have been framed in the indictment. The Court
also suggested some alterations in the manner in which
several of the charges were drawn up.
At the request of the Solicitor General, the Court ad-
journed the case till Tuesday.
James Hawks and James Buchanan, from Glasgow,
were charged with falsehood, fraud, and wilful imposi-
tion ; as also perjury and subornation of perjury.
Hawks was outlawed for not appearing ; and Bu-
chanan, having pleaded guilty, was sentenced to seven
years' transportation.
Melville Anderson, Greenside-place, was charged with
resetting sums of money and bills of exchange, &c., to
the value of upwards of 800/., which were taken from a
farmer in September. He was found Guilty, but sen-
tence was delayed till to day.
The Court then adjourned.
JURY COURT,
HIGGINS AND SONS V. DUNLOP, WILSON, AND CO,
SoTnsh,iisrocnasme'ericnhwanhtischinAlLei7errs.poVoli, wneeenrte, lliggins, and
pursuers, and
Messrs. Dunlop, Wilson, and Co., iron merchants in
Glasgow, were defenders, came before the Lord Justice
General and a jury on Monday. It arose out of an offer
made by the defenders to the pursuers of 2,000 tons of
pig iron at 655. per ton; but as the pursuers did not an-
swer the letter containing the offer by return of post, the
defenders held they were freed from it. The issue was
couched as follows:

Whether, about the end of January, 1845, the pur-
suers purchased from the defenders 2,000 tons Of pig
iron at the price of 655. per ton? and whether the de-
fenders wrongfully failed to deliver the same, to the loss,
damage, and injury of the pursuers?
Damages laid at 6,0001.
The pursuers produced six witnesses to prove that ac-
cording to the practice in mercantile matters they were
not bound to answer in course of post, while the de-
fenders brought forward an equal number to prove that
the contrary was the practice, to render the transaction
obligatory.
The jury, after a short deliberation, returned a verdict
for the pursuers—dainages, 1,5001.

TELEGRAPHS IN ITALY.—A line of telegraphs is
about to be establishdd along the coast of the Adriatic,
between Venice and Trieste. The distance is 26 Ger-
man miles, or about 119 English, and there will be 22
!stations, the expense of which is o=t;rna!M Zt 25,000
11.irins (2,8000 At time of ti-“-; do:niniithP;
in Italy, a inie fr0,.3 :o.
aul t!)oigh 011 a:i
was of great service to the French, in signalising the
movements of the English fleet.

LATEST PRICES OF SHARES,
IN BANKS, ASSURANCE, AND OTIUN COM

PANIES' STOCK.
From Vie Official List,

PUBLISHED EVERY TUESDAY AND FRIDAY EVENING,

WM. safta

................ am0rri1k..................... -
WORKS by ROBERT J. Curing-WELL. M.G. M. AG*6"
One Shilling each. by post Oa" Awl Ai xpenca
0 N SINGLE and-MARRIED L.IFI
(An Original Medical I.l.(storf•i
CONTENTS: ..4.7, nt—lf iS
Analysis of the Affections—Early Convent.tonal IL-- -
direction—Marital Anticipations and Realities—
Matf:rnal Infinenee—Phe,omena of Gestation— •On.„,l'ltL,lic terms"".
'4O-s•
Infertile Unions--Incougruous Alliances —Late =na,rrr -e
.'
Matches—Curiosities of Twenty-three Years' Me(..ined P 3 '-- -
tc.&c. -Laws or Pa tern Ity,i .

2.
On CHASTITY and its INP.IINGEMENTtt
(An Essay for 13.16.)
"Of human ills and frailties I iiscourse,
Those taught by nature, and IV" regaled.
Of griefs couceal'd, and disappointments keen,
Which young and gentle, the matured and sage.
Tho lonely and thu mated—all sustain.
In kindly spirit, herein counsel's gi'en•
How health, -how hope, AOl4 happiness to Vain."'

3.
WHAT to EAT, DRINK,and AVOID
With Diet Tables for all Complaints.
Contents :—How to ensure perfeet digs stion, tranquil feel.'"_
good night's rest, a clear head, and a cm -dented mind. BY an'
servance of the instructions herein contalia. (- the 'feeble. t°N t,
yously deice e, even to the most shattered co.ls Itution, reaYat"'"
the greatest amount of physical happiness,
full period of life allotted to man.
.. How we should live—what eat, what drink, is hat shun,
To reach in health full threescore years and tel ..
sublects 0
These •
interesting little volumes, although bearing a Pon -. i•mai,a.
very delicate import, as their titles implY, will be 101 lud t" '
' crea•
and ..'elto.li la health
surable and general utility, for they tell of t
iers'mater ev, iryliv.g.,
in
tore able t, understand ought to know', but ,11 -Julf,rrnotraujaegr
these enlightened times, except that quit:tY proi steel
questionab a hamlets, is at a very terrible clibcount. "nthset
In the exposltiodhereby offered of the till Row de" --,, ia,t
nature, ct human disappointments and their ways cif re:lel, ''' woo
contended that every render shall bccorne his or tit Tow a phY_t _
any more than their own Palsy., :"•„:• t it is insister- cipov
the law-,
should know the
_,,,„
whereby our existence and the issue thereof in their se- Jeral il.e..°::rial
„o.l.‘ith an-
states depend, the duties that arc expected of us in oirllia. A
eap:lefties in the family circle, and the terms on which the ._.
happiness of the present and future race of mankind have. ito rely
_,
,pines
By such knowledge, and which is herein faithfully aa",,,,,-.aes
tha
health will be found to be in our own -keeping, and ,•16Pl'inins
within the attainment et all ; by the avallineut hereof srlal_...,s
our duty to ourselves, we secure the lik e advantag,es on ot 6?_',P.—t
etc, follow, and finally by the cultivation of our faculties, iv l!f-4,7"..,"'inay
onsistent with degenerate health, the mind aS well as the a 0",,, ha
be exalted
of God's creations.
to the summit of perfection, as bast becomes I. itt migu
, ids t tern writ-
ings. and the avowal of their integrity of PutPn'e' must be
'
_ The author's justification for this seeming eulogY must -- u4astited
d,at Ma
by their perusal—his accredited qualigeatiois guarantoe ta•
topics broached involve his legitimate study and igult° •it 14;
lo be had of Sherwood, 23, Paternostcr-rovr • Carvl
sain ; or
Fleet-street ; Hannay, 63, Oxford street ; Mann, '39, C° -,ifie t,
direct from the Author, 10, Argyle-place, Regent-street jilye .90 Jia:
Gat Marlborough-street), who may be advised Personally till • Nine.
matters daily till Three, and in the EV2Billg3 from Stave

-----—---- - - - - - - - - - -----,
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A POPULAR TREATISE en the HEALTH, LIP.— `'
.....,„
of the BODILY FUNCNS. , (ft s So."—
NINETEENTH EDI wee by Test
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THE slLENTEnvelope) 3s.
FRIENO* 'din-leans et I.lel:to°rllag.
t. on the loss of the reproductive powere, /4'
ion. The baneful effects
Indulgence,. ~. ihtvirat
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graving. ; &c., are fully pointed nu'. 4
.sy 11,, sa
Published by the Authors, and may
followedby observations on iilarria6 •
PERRY and Co., Consulting Surgeons, London. Medicgi
ettat•
reet ; Purls's, Compton-street, Soho ;
Sold
os by Strange, N Q
Paternester Tow;
street, and • -
-ii, Roj al Exchange , and all hooksellers. e wtio are
mdiesqaryalifficpaetrifoanats,aaanadaewaillet
Part I. of this Work is articulari addressed to those r
or
cer-
prevented from forming, a MatrimonialpyAlLtance, thlc4ots h t!, iction to
Ithen
howl n Partth e i r H. i
tat treats erg r
Perspicuous!) upon those forms
breersteournadtioainb el
talvsn:alganbtiliretdhidi:rewujirrecia le.dniwthhiaraeir
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upon themselves secondary state, arisingGftored:l°llled4eiciall3; dal, oh Wing
years of misery and suffering. ~, di: dyed 14
The CORDIAL BALM OF gYRIACUM is exclusive, a ear-
altn€ .
the cure
of nervous and sexual debilit irregulLuitY, Ice and tieSil
renuess, loss of appetite, indi Y' eve ha 335. ez bet,
cation consuMP 1 d 335, r
ties arising ' from venereal excesses,g 'Price 116
4n
&c. • anti'
tie. The • Five-pourid eases may 3l
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The CONCENTRATED DETERSIVE ESSEIs‘, *eod ty
~..,3 "-
sayprladlitic remedy for searching out and puritYing the
1 e An'''. --
1
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rations, and those painful' ff arising from PopreP2 lls
a ections _,,in. 5
went, seconder
YsYmptoms, and all eruptions of the a.
and 3' Ss. per battle. sm.. 4,4 6d-,
I'ERRY'B PURIFYING SPECIFIC PILLS, Price attic'"lire"
andca
Hs. p:r box, are the most effectual remedy for ,_sizlocs to
flantmati !sc., Without nua
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ail of ci
Consultation
fee, if by Letter; 11. A minute det _ ide noel
then . a
cessary.
_, _Y• Messrs. Perry are in daily attendance a' n till tgrOs -11
five till
Oxford-street, London, from eleve
till eight; and on Sundays from eleven till twelve.
ilsnuay
ar:CoB.tri:lll;:es,
se.

------------------
a .4.si)
or y ta
ON THE SECRET INFIRMITIES OF
MATURITY. .„ cgc en
erica
1.7
wrrn TWENTY-P'IVE COLOURED A . enVetV,, _r....p.,
IP'
Just published, Twentieth Thousand, In a Seal •rnstage
38 6d• In , .
2s. 6d. .)r post paid, to any address, for •
,anise
direct *from the Author's residence.
A. Al &cal Tri IDS
CIELP. PRESERVATION: eu _ , 3fa t _
k_7 on the Secret Infirmities and Disorders Of Yonth:".„o,:rgtopns,
illuerated with Twenty-five Coloured Plates_ o__ innntwe ChioZing'
Physiology, and Diseases of the Urinary and Bel:_ ''';. and Sci otllB
explaining their various structures,
the injuries that are produced in them, by solitarY habit.
ent
of 2., 4 17,1, 0
he Trestm di
was
exc,sses. With Practical Observations on t
_._,, other
'% Debility, Local and Constitutional WeahnesS, and
the Urethra. TING suRGEOIIs
BY SAMUEL LA'MERT, CONSUL London; a, or Ad
USOS, and fun. an,
~.00
9, Bedford -street, Bedford-senau:es,„,„burgb, LI
Matriculated Member of the University of l"-it, Licentiate
Member of the London Hospital llcAllca
Apothecaries' Hall, London, &c., 80* _......ATiss.
CONTENTS or THE weo.riage,
with its .
ii 5......
CHAPTIR 1. On the Philosophy of 3481' u nroductive IJmo _
uei nr Generativ
and Obligations, and on IntelicitouS A ,
T- hv,,eo;ogy of the 'Teat
CHApTER, 2. On the Anatomy and ,''..,-- • us, proving that lion,
Organs, their functions, structures, and secretl°,r, their earth} a' the
Ilindranceg
—CHAPTER 3. On Solitary
Mental and Physical Power are dependant upc
..ious effects encdons
of the f"° the
Animal Economy Lungs, oncealed cause of Debill, kness ~,
gene tai wea r You,,
of the Stomach, and Brain, and gene- rders 0. _,,,
Habits; their VI ,
Mental Faculties. CHAPTER 4. On the Secret Disc_,
__, waaltuer
and Maturity, and the Treatment of Nervous and I 1" and 6.
_l7
Mental Debility, and Premature Decay.—CitarrElla ' e.,.0,,,rbw"
the Disorders arising from indiscriminate ExcesS,
Gloet, Strictures, and other Diseases of the Urethra.
lill'
REVIEWS OF THE WORE. . gar git
"The anther of this singular and talented work if R .&o, 0
fled medical mall, who has evidently had considerable uie Or
the tee Atinent of the various disorders arising from the 1?..t.1e AI:
frailties of early indiscretion. The engravings are an inviu. 013`,.
dition, by demonstrating the consequences of excesses, cn-erao-
act as a salutary warning to youth and maturity, and by its A 0
Sir
many questions may be satisfactorily replied to, that admit I '
14 peal, even to the most confidential friend."—Era. , . sip
Published by the Author, and may be had at his residence' IA
- from Kent and Richards, 52, Paternoster-row; Hannay and. ''''l 44
Oxford-street, Starle, Tichborne-street, Quadrant; Gerag,l' 01
Leadenhall-street, London; Newton, 16, Church-street. LW'''.
and by all Booksellers. d fret'
home for Consultation daily, from Nine till T' c.,
Five till Eight ; and all letters immediately replied to, it ::::74.09-
the fee of 11., for advice, &c.-9 BEDFORD-STREET BE''.
IQUAltlt. LONDON

--f-,41.
STEAM NAVIGATION AMONG T 11.9 S BORES Or gelOr
—The Capri and the ireetlYio are new steam-
of the
navigation
of
lately built in the Thames, for tl-e
Mediterranean, and both are remarkable exam') ;so
what British. art and science can accomplish. TheCols'
the property of the Neapolitan Steam Navigakil. _ ana
pany, and are intended to run between 31-forsell;e_,' bia,
114alta, calling at Genoa, Leghorn, Civitit -Vero the
Naples, Messina,and Syracuse bin- he
Mongibell E
0, ' rcolano, and Maria Christina, oto sit t
English tourists as the best appointed in o'l, ,other
ranean. One of them leaves—MarseilleB alja,l7ol !be
Malta every week, and they stay one thlY at
each
ofintermediate ports, giving the passengers In als°lll.°4reg°:los:if
seeing them,
Italy, and at the same time enjoying
luxuries which bestthasewell ash inspecting the
he , 7:0
Vesuvio are built of iron, ohtyel
Deaintcahhaorn
an,a s,l:l6rer,ooLnerci;
are 180 feet long, 600 - d 22041°'-- f P.-
tons, an mataislo 000
the engines, double
cylinder, are by
Field •
, and the speed of these vessels, 171itberto
per hour, is beyond anything whick badfroro ‘,al:.
been accomplished. Th -
The Vesuvio i'ven hie
W ~ lea
mouth to Naples ' in seven days and 13 hours? to rap r
can be performed; a
less time that, the journey by land frlathactl'olCce°3iriiae:
passenger who went entiarsille"
remaineda four daa s at Naples, one daY at '.-h lelLiaiis4
Fnd was in London on the twentieth clay roi: the
almouth, which we believe u Iralleled
of. traveling. These vessels have sieepieg :flee°o inheu,st
tion for 180 passengers, and are fitted 11P 'll,-teeensl,e9
elegant and commodious manner. The salo board. ; `2l
a drawing-room more than a cabin on shini; Are;
panels are of maple wood, and the motl2'l7,rhs ria3o-11
carved in mahogany; the sofas are coverer:l,ll'loln
figured velvet; the other furniture is MOP! Ay a 0-ing
gang. This superb Lpartment is used toleiti--.. sleeLl•—
mahger. There are two ladies' cabins, gailliP C10;4
cabin fur gentlemen, fitted up in an ecPll3l,-p.6 're7, f
manner. Some idea of the style in which e'",:,:eacrAs
are appointed may b.‘ formed from knowiag t•"" 1110`.9
them has five hundred pounds' worth of Plate'sarriir
vessels have been built and fitted up under the, osserale:
tendence of Mr. Virgil Boni, the agent of thf 1.100111:0-
who superintended also the Mon 'bell° and ":„. ate
and who has been engaged in the Mediterranean 0
navigation since its introduction, in 1825. .ntia,4 slue
[ADVERTISE3IENT.] CURE or A BAD
HOLLOWAY'S'",,,..-
A OINTMENT AND PILLS Mrs• Warns! ',..°," flrof:pnl.o
Spencer-street,George's-in-the-i—t I .l' bad Dretr"e 11.'7' o
,s,l.,ate9rable time, with several hard Mina; 'iniat'; abesideS tiiil'pli.llfs
very much swollen and festered • the case alteget'ljief- tTicb
desperate, that surgeons of eminence ' could afro rd her no re ent, _.
Ointreedicle7
then had recourse to Holloway's celebrated Pills and
soon cured her, and she is now as well as ever. These finew'-ver ;id
sovereign remedy for any sore and wounds, h°,l„t.s. 444 r
standing, as also swellings, tumours, contracted or stiff P' not, -
by all druggists, and at Professor Holloway's EStabijsij-
_.,,,,,.-
Strand, London,
.........................r. .
the
BIRTHS.
On the 22d inst., at Harrington-squfaare(laltuegtll:4Bl4:ooo.
wife of William Henry Wyatt, Es
On the 23d inst., Mn.g Leech, of Finsbury I;(ltrae' °f
t, tile
On the 23d inst., in Abingdon-street,
lady of 13. W. Holt, Esq_, of a daughter._...---*"......--.'
i.V. eStalioSte

4t, ii•
MARRIED. R. Exw. v. "„ of
On the 24th inst, at Barwick Church, by the --e 'of
Trim, Incumbent of Sandford-Oreas, William Scott, hot
Downshire-hill. Haml stead, to Emily, eldest dellg
i„,00,
Robert Porter, Esq., of Barwick, near Yeovil. Aitt" ter
On the 22(1 inst., at St. Michael's,
Esq.,
of Hans- place, Sloane-street, to .Jane, secon.. ii,
Pimlico, Jekindaafflh'
of the late John Baber, Esq., of if ath Cottage, !3_,lliefielelj'
tie 44
On the 22d inst., at. St. Luke's, Chelsea, /i" tb,
second daughter of the late Adrian Hardy lisiorsivise%:o
F.L.S., to Mr. Tilden Chrismas, of Mountfieid-Park' Erederjr
On the 22d inst., at Edgeworth, Gloucester, (layette
Latimer, Esq., of lleadington, Oxon, to Mary Anne' e 010'1'
of the late G. Jones, Esq., of Rodleys Manor ktell' '
cestershire,

Georg°
' DIED.
On the 18th inst., at Fir-grove, Farnham• S,r
lilaro Barlow, Bart., G.C.B. aged 84. gr°s.°'
On the 20th inst., Mr. Richard Exley, of This
Brompton, aged 27. s(l'
On the 20th inst., at Richmond, Surrey R. Ramsai",t,soces
On the 20th inst., at Sudbury-hill,
Wing, aged 71. NficOle
On the 14th inst., at St. Germain-on-Laye, France, --:
J. Morel, Esq., aged 81. .scplare'
On the 15th • .
inst., in Great Ormond-street, Queull.
II;rrow, MO xi
Mrs. Jane Sturges, aged 92. , g.teir
On the 19th inst., at G,sernsey, Katharine Jane, ualibely,
of the Rev. Henry Curtis Cherry, Rector of Burg
Barks, aged 14. ilei'
On the 19th inst., Major Blunt, formerly of the 67th
eli lilt°
ment.
On the 20th inst., at Brompton, Elizabeth, relict of t
Islington, Mr•O
Charles Scott, Esq.
On the 2lst inst., in Barnsbury-terrace, th
T. Cardinal, aged 63. i rci- a
On the 21st inst., Elizabeth, wife of W. Ward, Abba
St.
On aged 68.
. oNo ,o
oOnn
tthhee 2211,,tt. iiiiiilsit.:
alt Vi.
110Vhanifsvoordoti,
,17.11ia. ,t. orifeßealilli.)tujy:ir. ,0 orb
Charles Graham, E;,,ed 32.

„.
....,.' ,$,
L -- - ---- --- - -'.------------"-- I.
„r >o•Anci
ozrt: i'rinted and rub:l:A:led by atURDO YOUNG;, ,n rrw-or
Strand, Printer, at The Sun Office, N 0.112. strand, in to°
irrldsit
of the savoy. in the County of liiddloseX.
comber 25, 1846.