The Sun.
London, England, 1846-06-05 00:00:00

JUNE 5, 1846.

• - Just published, in 3 vols..post Svo., price 11. 118.6 d.,
LLEWELYN'S HEIR;. or NORTH WALES,
its Manners; Customs, and Superstitions during the last Cen-
tury. Illustrated by a Story founded on Facts.
"It is a real work, with more material and orignal knowledge
than half the manufactured novels that appear in these days."—
Spectator. .

London : Smith, Elder, and Co., 65, Cornhill

ALETTER to the DIRECTORS of the
GREAT WESTERN BAILW.A.T COMPANY, showing the
public evils and troubles attendant upon their Break of Gauge, and
pointing oat the remedy. By an OLD CARRIER.
Manchester :- Bradshaw and Blaeklock, Brown• street, and all
Booksellers.

GUIDE to INVESTMENT of CAPITAL.
See the ample and highly complimentary notice of this useful
work in the " Thnes Money Article of June 4."
Published by O. Mitchell, Red Lion-court, Fleet-street, who will send the work free to any address, on receipt of a pre-paid-letter,
with 25.: or 24 stamps. May also be had of all booksellers.

This day is published, in octavo, price 108.,
THE CONQUEST OF SCINDE.
A 'COMMENTARY. •
By Lieut..Coionel OUTRADI, C.R., Resident at Sattarah.
- Part. I.

GENERAL SIR CHARLES NAPIER'S NEGOTIATIONS WITH
THE AMEERS.
(To be completed in Two Parts.)
William Blackwood and Sons, Edinburgh and London.

MEMOIRES D'UN MEDECIN.
L'OBSERVATEUR • FRANCAIS, priee
will commence, on the 6th of June, a new Romance, by Alex-
andre Dumas, entitled " Les ML moires d'un Medecin." This ro-
mance contains a vivid description of all the principal events -which
occurred at the end of the last and the commencement of the present
century, the most eventful epoch in the annals of France. The first
part contains the time from the marriage of Marie Antoinette till
the year 178.6. The,second part will contain the six yens from ,1.75
tiP1794;1-foraltieteitructibn of la Bastille till Oft end of the R6ign o
Terror; after which will appear .Lp Directoirk,,FF..mpire,, 141104041-
ratiotcandiflTtlireotifemporary events connected with that event-'
ful Thoraas,-publisher,'2l, Catherine street, Strand.
Orders received by all boolsellers and newsmen.

Now Ready, Svc. with an Engraved Plate,;l2s., .
CROFULA ; its Niure, its Trevalence, its
.Catiies, and the Principles of Treatment. By BEILTA3IIN
PHILLIPS, F.R.S. Assistant-Surgeon to the Westminster Hospital.
A ITATITRAL HISTORY IA3LNIALLA. By G. R.
WATERHOUSE;Esq., of the Srtt l cum. Published-Mcinttrly.
Plain Plates, 2s. 6d. ; coloured, 3s. Parts I. to VIII. are out.
London : H. Bailliere, Publisher, 219, Regent-street.

FOURTEENTH EDITION of the SILENT FRIEND on Human
Frailty, with Coloured Engravings.

Jest published, price 27i. 6d., free by post (in a sealed envelope) 3s. 6d..
rkillE SILENT FIEND ; a Medical Work on
_L the Infirmities of the System' n both sexes ; and on the loss
of the reproductive powers, with means of restoration. The bench]
effects of indulge- ee, &c., are fhlly pointed out. illustrated by En-
gravings; followed by observations on Marriage,
By It. and L. PERRY and Co., Consulting Surgeons, London.
Published by the Authors, and may be had at their residence
19, BERNERS-STREET, OXFORD-STREET,

Sold by Strange, 21, Paternoster-row ; Hannay and Co., 63, Ox-
ford-street; Gordon, 146, Leadenhall-street ; Furkiss, Compton-
street, Seho ; Sanger and Co., Oxford-street; and all BoOksellers.
"We regard the work before us, the • Silent Friend,' as a work
embracing most clear and practical views of a series of complaint,
hitherto little understood, and passed over by a majority of the me-
dical profession, for what reason we are at a loss to know. We must
however confess that a perusal of this work has left such a favourable
impression on ear minds, that we net only reoommsnd, but cordially
wish every one who is the victim of past folly, or suffering from Audis.
cretion, to profit by the advice contained in its pages."—Age and Argus.
The COEDIAL BALM of SYItrACUM is exclusively directed
to the cure of nervous debility, irregularity, weakness, loss of ap-
petite, indigestion, consumptive habits, and debilities arising from
excess, &c. In bottles, price I Is., or the quantity of four In one
bottle for 33e., by which I Is. are saved. The lve-pound cases may
be had as usual.

The CONCENTRATED DETERSIVE ESSENCE, a remedy
for searching out and purifying the blood from scurvy, blotcles
en the head, face, and body, ulcerations. and those painful
affections arising from improper treatiztent or the effects of mercury,
removing secondary symptoms, and all eruptions of the skin. Price
1 ls. and 335. per bottle.
PERRY'S PURIFYING SPECIFIC PILLS, price 28.9 d., 4s. 5d.,
and 118. per box, are the most effectual remedy for strictures, indam•
mation, fee., without hindrance to business.
Consultation fee, if by letter, 11. Minute detail of cases necessary.
Messrs. It. and L. Perry and Co., surgeons, may be consulted, as
usual, at 19, Demers-street, Oxford-street, London. daily, and at
106, Duke•sreet, Liverpool, every Thursday, Friday, and Saturday;
and at 10, St. John-street, Deansgate, Manchester. on MAndays,
Tuesdays. and Wednesdays.

LETTER to the EARL of ELLEN-

BOROUGH.

My Dear Lord,—When I associate your Lordship's
acknowledged abilities with the high station which yon
fill, I must have heard with the greatest chagrin and
surprise of your Lordship's recent denunciation of Va-
lentia Harbour, as unsuitable to a packet station. I had
been taught for above twenty years, on what I deemed
the best authorities, to consider it, under all its circum-
stances, the best adapted for that purpose in the king-
dom. In asking permission to tender my humble, but
public remonstrance, against your Lordship's doctrine,
I feel the duty of abstaining from urging a single point
on my own naturally prejudiced and incompetent au-
thority, and to rest altogether on that of others, per-
fectly independent of, and exempt from all local or per-
sonal interest in the question.
Your Lordship is described as having given a prefer-
ence to Cork over Valentia and Bantry.
As by your Lordship's avowal the question has not
been recently before the Admiralty, I am quite ready to
confide, that when it is regularly referred, it will re-
ceive from your able and Honourable Board, that deli-
berate and impartial investigation which its importance
deserves ; in the meantime, your Lordship has pro-
nounced a decided opinion in favour of Cork, and I am
aware of the serious impression likely to be made on the
public mind by the dictum of the First Lord of the Ad-
miralty. I am much too conversant with the whole of
the subject not to be aware, that if Cork be adopted, the
effect would inevitably be to make it a mere touching
place for an English steamer, to pick up some strag-
gling Irish passengers and mails, if greater rapidity of
conveyance were obtained thereby. Cork is a great
commercial port, with a very beautiful and picturesque
harbour, and favourably circumstanced for intercourse
with England.* It may be also considered one of those
totes du pont which, by means of steam, in a military
sense, connect Ireland with England. But, that it
should be deemed the most favourable position for inter-
course with the westward (with America for instance),
would seem contrary to all geographical science. It
would also be in conflict with the best authorities,
military and naval.

It would be preposterous to suppose that passengers
would cross from England to Dublin, and thence
by a land journey of 120 miles to Cork, in order to
be exposed to a coasting passage of seventy miles
of the most dangerous character. It can only
have been thought of on your Lordship's sup-
position, that the west of Ireland is destitute of
harbours for packet stations. I had read in our best
geographers that the glory of Ireland was in its noble
harbours. Why, in looking at the map, the west of
Ireland would seem to abound with harbours. Not to
speak of the great estuaries of Galway and the Shannon
(one of which is just now made a port for East India
goods, and the other containing the head-quarters of
the steam navy on the western coast), is there no har-
bour at .Killibegs, nor at Roundstone, nor at Kilrush,
nor at Valentin, nor at Kilmacalogue, nor at Beret-
haven? Ido earnebtly hope, if such a doctrine prevail
at the Admiralty, as that there is no harbour in the west
of Ireland, some of the very able engineers in their ser-
vice may be quickly applied to, to ascertain its validity;
because it appears to me to involve many points seriously
concerning our national security, and the prosperity of
Ireland. But, as the objection is made, not merely to a
particular harbour, but to the entire western coast, it
may be better, first, to consider it in a general point of
view. •

• In the separate state of England, before the union
took place, the importance of departing from its most
westerly ports for oar colonies was fully established. On
that ground, London and Portsmouth were superseded
by Plymouth; and on that ground, and on no other, the
Government establishment was transferred to Falmouth
(in all respects a very inferior place), because of its
being for; y or fifty miles more to the west. On the
same principle of a more westerly position, and on ac-
count of its greater distance from the enemy's coasts,
the dockyard of Pembroke was established at enormous
public expense. As long as the post-office communica•
tions were conducted through Government establish-
ments, the rule of proceeding from the most westerly
ports was inflexibly acted upon. From the moment the
union took place, it was clearly within the spirit of that
measures and as unquestionably within its policy, that a
packet station for America should be transferred from an
English to an Irish port. If one degree of westing
should entitle Falmouth to defeat Plymouth and the
Admiralty, it is difficult to conceive how the Govern-
ment can have been justified in not availing themselves
of a suitable port five-and-a-half degrees west of Fal-
mouth, so much nearer to America, and saving such an
immense amount of dangerous navigation.
Leaving the claims of other harbours to be sustained
by their respective advocates, many of whom are power-
ful in political influence, of which I possess none, I
must seek the aid of certain independent authorities
in favour of Valentin.

The Protector Cromwell, who, though out of date,
will not be considered obsolete in anything relating to
the maritime interests of England, when he had subdued
the south-west of IN land, and expelled the Spaniards
from Valentia, established a station there for frigates
and troops, erected forts at the entrances, and placed a
garrison on the island. It is clear that Cromwell con-
sidered Valentia the best position from whence to
defend the western coast against the piracies of the
Spaniards, the enemy of that day.
Li 1824, a project was submitted to the Government
for the conveyance of mails and troops from Valentia
to Halifax : it was received with the utmost favour
by the Government, and, under its sanction, an Act
of Parliament was obtained to facilitate the enterprise.
The Duke of York declared himself patron of
the undertaking, and expressed, through his
secretary, Sit ,H. Taylor, his' higli tratification; at
the._ advantage to be afforded to the public service
from- the quickest arid Safest conveyance of troops
between the United Kingdom and our colonies.. Lord
LiVerpool, then ?rime Minister, assured to the company
the'conveyancesof -the mails. A company was formed
at Boston, in 182, to buildsteamers to meet these from.
Valentia at Halifax. The legislature of Canada, Nova
Scotia, and New Brunswick, granted sums of public
money for co-operation with the proposed company, under
theimpression of .the great advantage to those colonies
from the rapidity of intercourse with the United King.

* I have before me a letter from Sir Pulteney Malcolm,
commander of the fleet at. Cove, on board the Donegal, dated
Sept. 13, 1832, which says, "They talk of Crookhaven as
competing with Valentia; but although it is more accessible
from -England, Valentia is -more accessible from the open
ocean." If Sir Malcolm considered Crookhaven too easterly
for a western packet station, a fortiori Cork, fifty miles fur-
ther to the east.

PRICE SD.

dow, to arise from the adoption of Valentin, which is by
far the most westerly harbour in Europe.
Mr. M•Gregor, in his very aide work on North Ame-
rica, points out, and recommends the communication be-
tween Valentin and Halifax, as •highly important to the
mother country and the colonies.
The evidence given on oath before the Commissioners
of Revenue Inquiry, in 1830, by several distinguished
officers and public functionaries, clearly shows the ad•
vantage of communication vith America from Valentin.
(Vide Parliamentary papers, No. 86, on " Western Har-
bours of Ireland," printed in 1835 )
A very able American writer, on the " traverse At
]antique," explains the general impreoon in the United
States to be in favour of packet communication with Va-
lentin, not merely as the nearest European harbour to
America, but as the most suitable in all respects.
A deputation from capitalists of New York (Messrs.
Cruger and Goodhue), who examined the harbours of
Ireland, with a view to an American packet station,
specifically recommended Valentin as the best.
Mr. Cobden in his remarkable pamphlet " England,
Ireland, and America" quotes, from American publi-
cations,
a decided Opinion as prevailing in the United
l railroadtn of
to s uc
thath' westerly
States in favour of Valentin and he powerfully recom-
fmo
re
mn dast
itohne ar a
e ec
point ;
expressing,h arbour ,
a
and
theth e
same time, his conviction, that such a project, if com-
pleted, would secure the preference of voyagers to all
parts of North America, not only from Britain
Britain but
from every quarter of Europe ; and would offer incal-
culable advantages'upon Ireland, by introducing capital,
and stimulating industry and enterprise.
Mr. Charles Wye Williams, in his. very interesting
essay onllib`ihilinftiihbV Of internal' navigation in Ire-
. _ _• ,
land adopts the same view.
_._?

The printed letter of Admiral Sir Robert Otway
strongly recommends Valentia, for an American packet
station.

Amongst engineers, for a series of years, Mr. Nimmo
zealously•urged the recommendation of Valentin.
Cubitt and Mr. C. Vignollea.,expressed
their conviction in the same way ; and Mr. Vignolles
dwelt much on the peculiar combination of advantages
possessed by Valentia as a packet station and railway
terminus. These eminent engineers had been consulted
by the Dublin and Kingstown Railway. Company, a
body wholly independent of any local interest in the
selection.

➢Zen of science, as well as of the greatest practical
knowledge in other countries, have expressed similar
opinions.

M. Chevalier, in his work on French Statistics, points
out that Valentia, from its position, must become the
ultimate port of European departure for America. ; and
he dwells upon the great results likely
interchange
arise there-
from, by facilitating and increasing the of
business between the two continents. The Stutgard
" Quarterly Review " also expresses an opinion, pre-
vailing in Germany, that Valentia will become the chief
port of intercourse between Europe and America.
The Swedish minister to England, some years ago,
described this object as anxiously looked for in the
Northern States. The transit of the Atlantic from
Valentia had excited more interest in those countries
than in the United Kingdom.
If any modern authorities have been furnished to
your Lordship against the west-of Ireland, I would beg
leave to appeal from the living to the dead. My late
friends Sir H. Blackwood and Sir P. Malcolm, together
with many other distinguished officers, zealously es-
poused a project for a communicatioh from Valencia to
America ; and in order fully to bear out their judgment
on the subject, they called for the opinion of that man
whom theysdeemed, beyond comparison, the most ex-
perienced and judicious practical seaman in the navy,
viz., Commissioner Bowen, for twenty years at the bead
of the transport service. He had been Captain of the
Fleet in Admiral Christian's expedition to the West
Indies. He described the delays as extending over five
• months before they cleared the coast of Ireland, during
the last two of which, after all was ready, they were shut
up in Cork. Being asked what the difference would be
if they sailed from Valencia instead of from Cork, be
said, " We would have been there in three weeks, and
Guadeloupe would have been saved." On the question
whether, generally speaking, embarkation should take
place on the ocean instead of in the channel, he an-
swered "No man in his senses could doubt it."

With such a host of authoritative and impartial testi-
monies in favour of western embarkation for our colo-
nies, it is not easy to conceive how that policy can have
(been placed in abeyance for above twenty years—why
lthe principle which controlled England, as to her western
ports, shall not be applied to Ireland • wby Ireland shall
not obtain those advantages to which nature and her
geographical position entitle her,:of having the most suit-
able port on her western shores made the ultimate point
lof departure for our colonies. If her provinces are poor,
I and her people unemployed, is it consistent with national
,justice that she is to be deprived of the practical benefits
;that would arise from making Ireland the transit be-
tween Europe and America? What imagination can
!place limit to the advantages which would arise from
!turning the tide of human intercourse between Europe
land America through her impoverished districts ! 1 Na-
ture has placed Ireland between England and America.
Is it that Ireland should be merely a breakwater in the
channel ? Is the impoverishment of Ireland, is its
iion•improvement, is its virtual extinction as a portion
;of the Uuited Kingdom, so decided a state policy, that
4 vast sum of money is to be devoted to passing round
nd by Ireland, rather than infringe, in the most minute
egree, on the monopoly of England ?
But over and above the selection of a packet station,
there are other matters of national interest which cannot
he disregarded in dealing with the case. The larger and
more pressing subjects of a defensive naval station, and a
referable point of embarkation for troops, whether for
eneral or colonial service (the latter of which more es-
ecially concerns the Horse Guards), will probably be
ptaken into consideration together with the choice of a
acket station.

I As various considerations apply in common to those
keveral subjects, it will probably turn out to be the in-
terest of the Government and the country to combine
them.

On the principle of embarking on the ocean, compared
With channel harbours, and in direct contradistinction to
Pork, I refer to the evidence given by the Duke of
Wellington, by Lord Beresford, and by Lord Strafford,
before a committee of the House of Lords in 1836, which
was printed for the use of the committee.
It is probable that no one has had such experience of
the disadvantages of embarkation in the channel bar-
Sours (Cork included) as his Grace the Duke of Wel-
lington.
I believe the operations of the army on the Peninsula
Were very often embarrassed by delays, which would
have been obviated by embarkation at an ocean harbour.
It can, however, be baldly necessary to refer to any
authority beyond common sense for the utter absurdity
of depending upon a station at Cork fer the protection,
in any respect, for the western coast—the assailable
points of that coast are, at an average, 200 miles distant
from Cork, and all this a coasting navigation of the worst
possible description.
In conjecturing the grounds upon which your Lord-
ship has denounced the whole western coast of Ireland
tor packet purposes, I am disposed to think that it may
be from some representation as to the force with which
the Atlantic bears upon that coast ; but I will submit
that, in every departure for America that force must be
encountered. The difference, in that respect, between
Cork and Valentia, would be, that from Cork a vessel
would have to work against the prevailing winds and
currents along a lee shore of the most dangerous cha-
racter for seventy miles, whereas from Valentia, with
the same wind, you are in the free ocean in half an hour,
without any lee shores at all (the same prevailing wind
that shuts up Cork is a free wind out of Valentia) ; that
Cork is seventy miles further from Halifax than Valen-
tia, is, making in the fortnight passage over 3,600 miles
in the year; of a desperate coast navigation, involving a
fearful amount of danger to life and property.:
In this comparison the use of the steam-tug, in either
case, suggests itself. The only objections evera
n o
rmt
h..a made
etsot
Valentia relates to sailing vessels,
would, in three miles, place a vessel so
wind. In that worst case, a steam-tu
mToakeeffietestnthorethsaermne or southern Mk in the to enable fromValentia
free
ocean t o
.
Purpose from Cork would occupy a
steam-tug for sixty miles. It is probable that in a future,
as in the past war, the cruising-ground of our channel
fleet would be from Ushant to Cape Clear, in which case
Berehaven would afford a good safety harbour, or Cork
might be suitable, if preferred ai a " head-quarters."
It is undoubtedly more comfortable. I recollect the
case of an admiral realising 100,0001. prize-money sit-
ting in his arm-chair at Cove.
But surely. it does not follow that the selection of a
North American
bea-Packet Station should be confounded
with the"d quarters"of our grand fleet to watch the
Channel. The latter should be as contiguous to the ene-
my's harbours as possible, and the other as remote as the
nature of the case will allow. Rut there are some para-
mount national interests to be consulted. The securing
the utmost safety and efficiency in the embarkation of
our troops, whether for colonial reliefs, or for the gene-
ral purposes of war, imposes a very solemn duty upon
the Government. The occupation of- the Horse Guards
by the most illustrious of military men, would suggest
the wisdom of consulting his Grace as to the principle
on which the soldier should be embarked.
Casting aside the control of existing establishments,
and looking with the largest view of economy to the
comfort and safety of the soldier, and his most prompt
- and rapid appliance to his military destination, it will
probably be found that the choice most compatible with
`colonial and general-service, wilt also be that_ most con-
• ducive to the military security of Ireland.
There are some circumstances, which, even to an
unprofessional latisson, must preclude the selection
of Cork, for .such a purpose. A station for the general
embarkation of troops must include a depot for the mu-
nitions of war ; it should therefore be, in the fullest
sense of the word, defensible against either external or
internal attack. As long as we command the seas, our
grand fleet makes Cork safe from attack by sea ; but
with an enemy in the country, Cork harbour, with all
its Government establishments, is perfectly commanded

* A strong additional objection to channel navigation is to
be found in the fogs which prevail, during which several
steamers of value have already been lost, and the dangers of
eollisloii; which are in proportion to- the crowded state of
navigation in the narrow seas. The comparative dangers of
channel navigation may be tested by reference to insurance
companies.

from the contiguous ground. If the French 110 landed
in Bantry, after three days everything in Cork had been
taken in six hours. It is impossible to conceive any-
thing more indefensible, from the land side, than our
establishments in Cork ; neither is the vicinity of a
population of 80,000 at all desirable to a fortified place.
The fact is, that the vast exo:nditur,- of public money
in Cork was a total waste, and part of the political job-
Eng which prevailed in diose days.
No place could be better adapted than COrk, s ith its
great commercial rezources, for the provision trade, and
the supply of our fleets.

7

/./-

In exercising the great public trust of choosing, 'on
the assailable side of Ireland, such a position as will
combine naval defence wiih military facilities, the Go-
vernment will surely adopt a searching inquiry ; and
if the public money, more or less, be to be expended,
they will as surely take care that whatever public works
are established shall be in a position of unquestionable
security from internal commotion or external attack;
and that it is not from the eastern or southern side of
Ireland its westcrii coasts can be defended, any more
than Cnrk could be defended from the Shannon.
England may, in another respect, condescend to take
instruction from France. She is about to establish four
distiect lines of packet communication across the Atlantic
from her western porta to America. Such a wise measure
will form a basis for an ocean steam navy. Yet France
. has no possessions on the other side of the Atlantic. Has
England no interest, colonial or imperial, in acting on a
similar policy? Is it that our Government can be in-
sensible to the vast importance of establishing a counter-
balancing force of steam navy on the North Atlantic?
Will England forego the advantages of our geographical
position, which .so much abridges the transit of the
ocean. We have at least one harbour, six decrees west
of Brest, which can be reached by railroad Is the cir
cumstance to be overlooked of placing the periodical
transport arm mails and troops remote from the cruis-
ing ground of an enemy's steamers, and on which it
would require the equipment of a consider-
able force at some hundreds of miles distance
to intercept our communications? But if, after
all, • the Government shall deem the selec-
tion of the best possible packet station, and
the most suitable _point for embarkation of our
troops, matters of subordinate interestaand shall prefer
some paltry economy of money to economy of the
soldiers' safety
and cornfort, and that- ell old establish-
ments, tbOugh
.errimeons, shall be continued, and the
public service sacrificed to monopolies, and a subser-
viency to large censtituencieS, *:there will still remain
one all-important subject, uponwhich the Government
cannot continue to delude itself:
vast sum of public
Pcion.ey lass beep devoted to
&irtify the English coast most opposed te' the possible
enemy. In a former war the contemplation of an inva-
sion led to a plan of arming 400,000 of the population to
meet such a danger. Are the British people so degene-
rate, that whilst her army has never been beaten in
foreign countries, they would not furnish a host of brave
and loyal hearts, sufficient to overwhelm any foe that
dared to violate their soil ? There can, at the same time,
be no doubt, that particular parts of our coasts may ad-
vantageously be provided with works and artillery to
embarrass, if not defeat., any attempt at a descent. Of
course all our arsenals should be placed in the hest pos-
sible state of defence, and for that purpose,-extensive
lines of fortification are requisite. But after all, an
attempt to invade England cannot contemplate more
than a temporary effect, or the destruction of some
public property, possibly of great magnitude. An occu-
pation of the country cannot for a moment be thought of
—not so Ireland. The popular press of Ireland pro-
claims that " Englatal's adversity is Ireland's oppor-
tunity ;" that opportunity would arise in case of an in-
vasion, and it would be worse than childish to suppose
for a moment that a foreign force invading Ireland
would find itself in "an tnealv'a cauntry." In the
summer of 1798, eleven hundred Frenchmen landed in
Connaught, and made such an impression, that Lord
Cornwallis found it necessary to concentrate all the dis-
posable force at his command, to defeat the French and
the rfbels who joined them. Another expedition of
3,000 men was soon after an our coasts, but fortunately
captured at sea.

Uncier the present wise monarch of France. our rela-
tions with that country may be safe; brit it is incumbent
upon the Government to prepare beforehand for a very
different state of thing:. The French blunder of in.
va ling Ireland by Bantry Bay will never be-repeated;
the armament was in truth intended for the Shannon.
Every possihle motive, military and naval, indicates the
west of Ireland as the assailable line of invasion. If any
doubts existed on the subject, our most powerful enemies
have instruct' d us. Carnot cud Napoleon not only con-
sidered that Ireland had very fine westf sly harbours,but.
they made a selection of the points at which it might be
desirable to pay us a visitd- and assuredly the first
step to be taken by France in case of a war, would be
l will naencedstshaeriirlyfm
rr
wo eienedd,
Tfirzo.7s
otml ee wp-oeisnt et ronf
thhaersboouutrhs,
an invasion of the west of Ireland. A force for }hat pur-
poseo tFrance, w
shuts up Cork and Bantry ; and any effort, even by
steamers, from those ports, would be greatly retarded
and embarrassed in the attempt to get round the south-
western angle of Ireland. Even the limited experience
of the last two winters proves, what an immense " wear
and tear," and waste of fuel, has ensued from the mis-
chievous fallacy of connecting the western defences with
a " head-quarters" at Cotk. It may be measured by
the average of time passed by our steamers between
Cork and the Skelligs. The avowed hostility of Ame-
rica, at least its sympathy when occasion shall offer,
points to the west of Ireland. When an invasion comes,
it will come as a " coup de main," and it would be
madness not to prepare for it in time of peace, as what
is only wasteful and inconvenient in the operations of
peace, would be fatal in war. It is palpable to every
professional man, that for an effectual naval defence of
the west of Ireland, some position must be taken up
upon that coast. The proper force for such a purpose
would necessarily be a squadron of steamers of various
strength. The western coast of Ireland may be said to
begin at the Skelligs The choice of such naval sta-
tion would, therefore, be restricted to some harbour on
the coast of Galway, to the Shannon, and to Valentia.
If it be not intended to abandon Ireland, and to court
an invasion of its shores, a defensive position must be
taken up at some one or other of those harbours. It
will have to be considered whether any, and which of
these, can be rendered, in a naval and military sense,
perfectly defensible—from which the general line of
western coast can be most effectually watched and com-
manded—from which vessels are most quickly and easily
released by the prevailing winds—to which can be com-
municated by signal or telegraph the earliest intimation
of the approach of an enemy to our coasts,l and, in
which vessels can lie in the best anchorage, with shelter
from all winds. These are questions which it is impe-
ratively the duty of the Government to investigate by the
most able and impartial professional authorities.
As an essential feature in the western defence of Ire-
land, I would respectfully solicit a military and naval
examination of the question, whether Valentia does not
possess the means of being easily and effectually forti-
fied against any attack, with ample anchorage for a
squadron, wliich could not be molested ; and a military
position on the island, commanding at once the harbour
and the opposite coast, and unattackatle by an enemy,
either externally or internally. It, is not cagy to appre-
ciate the influence which the establishment of a strong
defensive squadron in the most suitable western port
would exercise on the internal `tranquillity of Ireland.
Under all the circumstances, I hope it will not be
deemed presumptuous for me to ask, at your Lordships'
hands, what your Noble prealceessor promised me, viz.,
fair play and justice to Leland.—l have the honour to
be, my dear Lord, faithfully yours, .
THE KNIGHT OF KERRY.

* A powerful and well-paid agency has 'been for many
years exercised insidiously in hostility to Valentia. There
is not a department of the Government that has not been
assailed by this agency, which one day or aber may be un-
masked.
t Carnot communicated to the late Colonel Shaw that his
plan of attacking Ireland would be in
_the Shannon and Gal-
way simultaneously, creating at the same
teimd7sacudsisi,e)nrssioanftbeyr
ahrekaprbolpeerobjeets
menacing Mull; and Napoleon. in his re, _
point
of descent.
his deposition, stated
eofShtlalennnionos: rasemt
rSiskindglignear 800 feet above the sea, in 34 fa-
thomsh is one of the best possible points for obser-
Ni-nat:OhlTlehoe°‘Creeagi-ya't approach to the western coast of. Ireland.
water.
Now that such improvements are contemplated in the elec-
thisetonthe
tric telegraph, it would not be extravagant to anticipate that
intelligence could be communicated in a few minutes to the
Admiralty and Downing-street, from a station 10i degrees
west of Greenwich, and upwards of two degrees nearer to
America than Cork.

MARSTON; OR. THE ►SOLDIER AND STATESMAN, By
the Rev. G. Caor.r, LL.D., Author of " Salathiel."—We un-
hesitatinglypronounce the romance of " Salathiel " to be the
most splendid and most powerful fiction that England has
given birth to within the last twenty years. Take it for all
in all, it is the master-piece of the age; and we greet:with
heartfelt satisfaction the publication of "Marston" from the
same rich, brilliant, and glowing pen. Intimately conversant
with all the horrors of the French Revolution—with all the
sanguinary and frightful scenes by which its earlier periods'
were desecrated—Dr. Croly has here produced a work of ap-
palling power. It points an important moral to the world,
more especially to England—" That in all violent political
change the humblest ranks are sure to suffer most; that
their bodies are used merely to rill up the trench over which
their leaders pass to power; that their severest sacrifices only
turn a demagogue into a tyrant; and that the only alterna-
tives of a democracy are national decay or military despot-
ism." We doubt whether there be another writer living who
could so effectively have performed the task.—Naval and
M
military Gazette.
ROSHERVILLZ
Messrs. Ross and Sons beg to inform the public, that they
have purchased the two bears, born and reared at these gar-
dens, and intend shooting one of them on Tuesday, the 9th
of June, when a grand gala is to take place; any one pre-
ferring to have the fat direct from the animal can do so, by
applying on the 10th of June, at their establishment, 119,
and 120, Bishopsgate-street. There is no doubt that bear's
grease, in its pure state, is decidedly the most nourishing ar-
ticle for the hair hitherto discovered, and used alternately
with their botanic water, is the only thing that will restore
it ; numerous instances of which occur daily.
leenssdthottfnthtteFrrecpelitortar annad
FIRE AT THE FREEMASONS' HALL.--MC damage
.ttrliceet rsumthueerhn
QiieureYenatS
Hall in to
Great
rumonrsmigivally described. The fire is suilposed to have
origitiatedfrpm the pipe or tube which carries
air from the lights placed just above the status'
of
the late
Duke ofSussex having become red hot'
andbeing in contact
with the timb wer or ondor wall,
-w.
k of the tohavecaused
ignitiPn: Fortunately the statue has sustained no injury,
and to little has the 1-insiuess of the tavern been interrupted,
that several public societies yesterday held meetings and fes-
tivals there as if nothing had occurred.
[ADVERTISEMENT.]— A DANGEROUS DISUA SE OF
THE Llvllt AND STOSt.kcit Cramp BY Ilotx.owar's OD:rats:yr AND
r. homas Pandell, 7. Cottage-place, Solomon's-lane, Lime-
house, formerly a lame fanner, declares that his be.altli for twenty
years past had been precarious, - owing-to a derangement of
the liver anti stomach, that lie seas frequently Ferzed with violent
spastic,-which so nearly-Aoked hhn that Le (+riot anttelratel the
being found dead by his labou-ets, but spite of ruck dangcrOng
symptoms, he was perfectly cured in file cuurse of a month by rub-
bing Holloway's Ointment tnto Ins chest, stomach, and right Bide
and taking bis celebrated. Fills, which are sold by all di-14;01U, an 4
at the rreprieterl Elitabliblument 244, sumo London.