The Sun.
London, England, 1846-04-17 00:00:00

LONDON, FRIDAY E E N G

No. 16,71.6.

GRAVESEND STAR and BLACKWALL
PACKETS.
Packet and 'Railway Fare included la one Payment.
FROM THE BRUNSWICK WHARF, BLACKWALL.
The Trains starting One Quarter of an Hour before each of
these times.
WEEK DAYS.—At 9%, 105%, 11, 12, 1%, 35¢, b, 6, and 7.
SUNUAYS.—At 9%, 101, 11. 1%, 5,6, and 7.
FROM "'HE NE TERRACE PIER, ORATESEND.
WEEK BAYS. —,.. 7i, 934, 934, 1134 1,3, 4,5, and 6.
SUNDAYS.—At 71, 8%, 11%, 3, 4. 5,6, and 7.
LOWEST FARES.
Fore Cabin and Second Class Railway, 6d.
Saloon and First Class Railway, 9d.

" Blessed is he that considereth the Poor."
POOR MAN'S GUARDIAN SOCIETY,
76, Great Portland-street.
Instituted to Aid the Poor In their Applications for Parochical Re-
lief and to secure to them the Legal and Humane Dispensation
of the Law.

VICE-PRESIDENTS.
John Walter, Esq., Bear Wood, Berks.
Thomas Wakley, Esq., 'M.P., Bedford-square.
Charles Cochrane, Esq., Devonshire-place.
The Lord Viscount Itardeagh, Park-place, St. James's
Charles Dickens, Esq., Devonshire-terrace.
John Fielden, Esq., M.P. for Oldham.
Benjamin Bond Cabbell, Esq., F.R.S.
The Committee feel much pleasure in announcing to the Friends of
,he Society, that the public Meeting, convened on the Sth instant,
at the LP erary and Scientific Insatution, Edward. street, Portman-
square, presided over by Benjamin Bond Cabbell, Esq., F.R S., was
numerously and re.pectahly attended, and that an ample account of
its proceedings had been kindly given by the daily and weekly
papers. The rules for the government of this Society having now
been approved and adopted, they may be had on application to the
Secretary.

The Committee confidently hope, from the smallness of the pecu.
nary qualification, that the operative classes will evince a readlnesi

in
enrolling their names as members of the Society, as they are de-
sirous of enlisting their early support and co-operation.
Rule 5. That a donor of five guineas be considered a life member
of the society, who, with annual subscribers of 10s. 6d. each, shall
be eligible for election on the Committee ; and that a contributor of
Is. annually to the funds of the Society be entitled to a card of mem-
bership, admitting him to the privilege of attending and voting at all
public meetings of the society.
The beautiful drawing, illustrative of the benevolent objects of the
Society, executed expressly and gratuitously by Sir W. C. Ross, por-
trait painter to her Majesty, is now in the hands of the engraver, as
it is intended to be printed on every shilling card of membership.
The Committee feel that the Society is sufficiently organized as to
encourage them to enter upon their active duties, by investigating
two cases of apparent cruelty, involved in considerable mystery.
They beg the public will freely communicate with the Society, taking
care to have the information duly authenticated.
They are happy to announce the following commencement of sub-
scriptions, made at the public meeting referring to :
Charles Dickens, Esq , Devonshire terrace - - - .£5 5 0
Mr. Metcalfe, 130 B, Oxford-street - - - 5 5 0
B. Bond Cabbell, Esq., F.R.S., Temple - - 10 10 0
Charles Cochrane, Esq., Devonshire-place . - 10 10 0
Henry Heald, Esq., 2.5, Throgmorton-street 10 10 0
J. S. Waley, Esq., 22, Devonshire-place - 5 5 0
John Walter, Esq., of Bear Wood - - 10 10 0
Charles Jones, Esq., Cavendish-square - - 5 5 0
Captain Evans, 15, Upper Porchester-street - 1 1 0
J. S. Buckingham, Esq., 13, George-street - 1 1 0
M. - ..... - - 010 0
Mr. S. M. Young 0 10 6
Mr. S. E. Bridgman, Wigmore-street 0 10 6
Mr. Gardiner, 20, Princes-street - - - 010 6
H. Heath, Esq.
E. Staines, Esq.
All subscriptions are requested to be paid to the credit of the
" Poor Man's Guardian Society," at Sir Claude Scott and Co.'s,
Cavendish. square ; or to Mr. John Jones, secretary, 76, Great Port-
land-street.

NATIONAL LOAN FUND LIFE ASSUR
ANCE SOCIETY.
26, CORNHILL, LONDON.
Capital 4600.000.
Empowered by Act of Parliameit.
. .

---
This institution offers important and substantial advan-
tages with respect both to Life Assurances and Deferred Annuities.
The assured has, on all occasions, the power to borr ow, without ex-
pense or forfeiture of the Policy, two-thirds of the premium paid,
(see table); also the option of selecting benefits, and the conversion
of his interests to meet other conveniences or necessity. Assurances
for terms of years are granted on the lowest possible rates.

DIVISION OF PIitOFITV.
The omen and increasing prosperity of the Society has enabled
the Directors, at the last annual investigation, to declare a third
Bonus, varying from SU to 75 per cent. on the premiums paid on
,ach Policy effected on the Prot scale.

The avision of profits is annual, and the next will be made in De-
.ember of the present year.

F. FERGUSON CAMROUX. gee.

T E EXPERIENCE LIFE ASSURANCE
COMPANY,
Based upon the Experience of 17 of the oldest Life Offices.
Capital, 300,0001.
EDINBURGH, 15, George-street.
LONDON, 58, King William-street.
CHAIRMAN—The Right Hon. Lord DUNFERMLINE.
NoncE.—Parties assuring prior to 20th May will participate in the
profits of the year.
THE EXPERIENCE LIFE ASSURANCE COMPANY embraces
in its constitution the advantages of a MUTUAL. OFFICE ; the assured
are free from liability, and to meet any unforeseen contingency there
is a capital, subscribed by a wealthy and influential proprietary.
For detailed prospectuses and further information, apply at the office
of the company in London or Edinburgh ; or to any of the agents
throughout the Kingdom.
By order of the Board,
T. YUILLE WARDROP, Secretary.

OGUINEA WELLINGTON BOOTS
made to measure by G. GARRETT, Bootmaker, by special
appointment, to the King of the Belgians. A stock of the most
fashionable and highly-finished Boots kept ready made, to suit the
convenience of Noblemen, Officers of the united Services, and Gen-
tlemen who prefer trying on Boots to giving an order.
Garrett, Arm, Itnastns *ker. 130; Jerrnyn-street,`4r7iiisiees.-

DAVIES'S FINE • SPERM CANDLES,
Is. sd. per lb. ; Genuine Sperm, is. 6d. ; Yellow soap, 425.,
465., 525., and 58s. per 1121b5.; Mottled, 5-s., 60s. and 645.; Wax
Candles. lc per lb. ; German, Is. 2d. ; Fine Wax, Is. sd. ; Trans-
parent Wax, Is. ed. ; Genuine Wax, 2s. Id. ; Store Candles, 5% ;
Extra Waxed-wick Moulds, 6%d.; Genuine Sperm Oil, 7s. per gallon;
Solar, 3s. 3d. , Pale Seal, 38. 6d. ; Argand, or Vegetable, 4s. 6d. ;
Windsor Soap, is.l t. per packet ; Palm, Is. 4d. ; Old Brown
Windsor, Is. 9d. l )1 e. 2s. ; Almond, 28. 6d. ; Sealing Wax, 4s. 6d.
per lb. ; Hale's 1 erior Paragon Composite, requiring no snuf-
fing, 9%d.
For Cash—At DAVIES'S Old Established Warehouse, 63, St.
Martin's-lane, opposite New Slaughter's Coffee-house.

PTJBLICATIOPTS.

THE GAUGES.—A COLOURED MAP of the
ENGLISH RAILWAYS already authorised, distinguishing
the NARROW from the BROAD GAUGE DISTRICT, will be given,
as a Supplement to the RAILWAY CHRONICLE of SATURDAY
NEXT, price Gd.

Just ready, 12m0., cloth, price 4s.
ONE HUNDRED SKETCHES AND
SKELETONS OF SERMONS.

By eminent Wesleyan Ministers of the present day.
London: C.A. Bartlett, 32, Paternoster-row. E. Howell, Liverpool.

Just published.
THE ARISTOCRACY OF ENGLAND ;
A History for the People.

By JOHN HAMPDEN, Jon
Fcp. Bvo., 7s. Gd. cloth.

" CROMWELL—What then is the great root of all our grievances?
" PTA( —The Aristocracy! Give us their true history, and you un.
riddle the secret of every national embarrassment !"
London : Chapman Brothers, 121, Newgare-street.

Just published, price Is., the Fourth Edition (translated from the

Nineteenth French Edition),
CONSTIPATION DESTROYED ; or, Expo-
sition of a Natural, Simple, Agreeable, and Infallible Means,
not only of overcoming, but also of completely destroying, habitual
Constipation, without using either purgatives or any artificial means
whatever (discovery recently made in France by M. Warton), fol-
lowed by numerous certificates from eminent Physicians and other
persons of distinction. Free by post, Is. 6d.

Sole by James Youeas and Co.: Tea dealers, 45, Ludgate-hill,
London ; and by all Booksellers in the United Kingdom.

Elegant pocket edition, price Is., by post Is. 6d.
DR. CULVERWELL ON MARRIAGE,
its HINDRANCES and OBLIGATIONS.

"Tobe or not to be, that is the question."—Shakspere.
Contents : —On Matrimonial Eligibility and Fitness—Laws of
Paternity—Phenomena of Gestation —On Maternal Influence—On
Infelicitous and unproductive Unions—Curiosities of Medical Experi-
ence, Cases, &c., &c.

Also, companion to the same, price Is., by post Is. 6d.,
CHASTITY; its ABUSES and DISEASES (72 Engravings.)
These two interesting little volumes are not intended for idle or in-
discri►ninate perusal, but they are earnestly offered to the attentive
consideration of those who may be more legitimately and perhaps
painfully interested.

_
Sherwood, 23, Paternoster-row; Carvalho, 147, Fleet-street;
Mann, 39, Cornhill ; and all Booksellers, or direct from the Author,
21, Arundel-street, Strand. At home daily till 2 ; Evenings 7 till 9.

FOURTEENTH EDITION of the SILENT FRIEND on Haman
Frailty, with Coloured Engravings.
Jest published, price 2s. 6411., free by post (in a sealed envelope) 33.6 d.,
THE SILENT FRIEND ; a Medical Work on
the Infirmities of the System' n both sexes ; and on the logs
of the reproductive powers, with means of restoration. The baneful
effects of indulge- co, &c., are Billy pointed out. Illustrated by En-
gravings; followed by observations on Marriage.
By It. and L. PERRY and Co., Consulting Surgeons, Landon.
Published by the Authors, and may be had at their residence
19, BERNERS-STREET, OXFORD-STREET.
Sold by Strange, 21, Paternoster-row ; Hannay and Co., 63, Ox-
ford-street ; Gordon, 146, Leadenhall-street ; Pnrkiss, Compton-
street, Soho ; Sanger and Co., Oxford-street ; and all Booksellers.
"We regard the work before us, the Silent Friend,' as a work
embracing moat clear and practical views of a safes of complaint,
hitherto little understood, and passed over by a majority of the me-
dical profession, for what reason we are at a loss to know. We must
however confess that a perusal of this work has left sack a favourable
impression on ear minds, that we net only recemmmd, but cordially
wish every one who is the victim of put folly, or suffering from indis-
cretion, to profit by the advice contained in its pages."—Age and Argus.
The CORDIAL BALM of STRIACUM is exclusively directed
to the cure of nervous debility, irregularity, weakness, loss of ap-
petite, indigestion, consumptive habits, and debilities arising from
excess, Ike. In bottles, price 1 Is., or the quantity of four In one
bottle for 335. by which 11s. are saved. The live-pound cases may
be had as usual.
The CONCENTRATED DETERSIVE ESSENCE, a remedy
...robins eat and purifying the blood from scurvy, blotches
en the head, face, and body, ulcerations, and those painfid
affections arising from improper treatment or the effects of mercury,
removing secondary symptoms, and all eruptions of the skin. Priest
I Is. and 335. per bottle.

PERRY'S i'IIRIFYING SPECIFIC PILLS, price 2s. 9d., 4s. 6d.,
and 11 s. per box, are the most effectual remedy for strictures, Matz.
nation, &c., without hindrance to business.
Consultation fee, if by letter, 11. Minute detail of cases necessary.
Messrs. It. and L. Perry and Co., surgeons, may be consulted, as
usual, at 19, Rerners-street, Oxford-street, London, daily, and at
106, Duke-greet, Liverpool, every Thursday, Friday, and Saturday;
and at 10, St. John-street, Deansgate, Mancharter, on Mledays,
Tuesdays. and Wednesdays.

THE TWELFTH EDITION.
Just Published, in a sealed envelope, price 2s. 6d., and seat free, on
receipt of a Post-office Order for 3s. 6d.
MANLY HEALTH: a Popular Inquiry into
the Concealed Cause of its premature Decline, with Instruc.
tions for its Complete Restoration. Addressed to th3se suffering frem
the destructive consequences of excessive indulgence, terminatingla
Mental and Nervous Debility, Local or Constitutional Weakness, In-
digestion, and Consumption. including a comprehensive Dissertation
on MARRIAGE, Incontinence, and Celibacy. Illustrated with
Cases, &c.

By C. J. LUCAS and Co., Consulting Surgeons,
No. 60, Newman-street, Oxford-street, London.
And sold by Brittain, 11, Paternoster-row ; J. Gordon, 146, Lea-
denhall-street ; and all Booksellers.

- -........
CAUTION.--Complaints having reached us that several persons
wishing to purchase our work, entitled "Manly Health," have had
placed in their hands a fraudulent infringement of our copyright, pro-
duced by illiterate and dishonourable mem, and which, though bearing
a close resemblance of title, is utterly valueless; 've deem it a duty,
by way of protection, to caution the public against being duped Ly
such base imitations.

Persons desirous of obtaining the above work, and not wishing to
apply to a bookseller for the same, may, to insure secrecy, have it
direct front the Authors, by enclosing 3i. Cd., or Postage Stamps.
" The best of all friends is the professional friend, and in no shape
can he be consulted with greater safety and secrecy than in " Lucas
eu Manly Bealth."—The New Bell's Weekly Messenger.
Messrs. Lucas and Co. are to be consulted from Ten till Two, and
tiom Five till Eight is the evening, at their reside..ce, No. 60, New-
man-street, Oxford-street, London, and country patleats may be
successfully treated, on minutely describing their case, and enclosing
the usual fee of 11. for advice.

SILVER TEA SERVICES OF NEW PATTERNS.
B. SAVORY and SONS, Working
• Silversmiths, 14, Cornkill, London, opposite the Bank,
respectfully Inform their customers that they have recently finished
a few new designs, in accordance with the present improved taste,
and that they are sold at reduced prices from those customary in
the trade.
Uxbridge Pattern. Thalia Pattern.
Strong Silver Tea Pot.. £lO 18 0 Strong Silver Tea Pot. £l3 0 0
Ditto Sugar Basin.... 614 0 Ditto Sugar Basin.... 711 0
Ditto Cream Jug.. .. •. 410 6 Ditto Cream Ewer.... 5 2 0
Ditto Coffee Pot ... • • 14 10 0 Ditto Coffee P0t.... • • 16 17 0

----
Complete.. £35 12 it Complete £42 10 0
A variety of upwards of Fifty Silver Tea and Coffee Services may
be seen in the Show-rooms, and on application the illustrated Price
Current, containing drawings, with the weights and prices of recent
designs, will be forwarded to any part of Great Britain, Ireland,
India, or the colonies. Drawback on Silver Plate exported Is. id.
per ounce.

OUR VICTORIES IN INDIA
Hurrah for our army—the pride of the world I
Victorious their banneri s proudly unflui'd ;
And Europe now rings with the Sutlej campaign,
For bravely we've beat them again and again !
Oh I who can compete with our brave-hearted sons ?
What honour, what laurels, what fame have they won ?
They care net for danger—nor idly would lag,
But nobly advance in defence of our flag
And " Hyam's" a conqueror I—look at his dress,
It carries through England triumphant success!
And the French with dismay are compell'd to admit,
That " Hyam" has made a most " palpable hit I"
So whether in commerce—or whether in war,
All nations on earth we can beat them afar.
Hurrah then for England—for Hyam and dress,
Whilst fame spreads our triumphs and signal success
L. lIYAM'S TAILORING, WOOLLEN DRAPERY, AND
OUTFITTING ESTABLISHMENT,
3G, Gracechnrch-street, London.
SPRING PALETOTS, in endless variety....., • • from 12s. (kl.
An Immense Assortment of SHOOTING COATS from Bs. 6d.
YOUTH'S CLOTH HUSSAR and TUNIC SUITS from IGs. 6d.
LIST OF PRICES.
READY-MADE GARMENTS.
FOURTH QUALITY s. d.
Dress Coat, Black c10th.......... ...... 1 I 0

Trousers, ditto ditto .• .. •••••• • • • • o 9 6
Vest, ditto ditto •• • ..• • • •—• •• •• 0 5 6
The Suit of BIackTHIRD complete .
Dress Coat, of any colour ...• •• •• 1 6 e
Trousers, ditto ditto .. ••.. • •
Vest, ditto ditto ••••••• • • • • • " 6 6
The Suit complete ...... ....om• •
SECOND QUALITY.
Dress Coat, of any colour ...• • •
Trousers, ditto ditto .... •• Ol4 6
Vest, ditto ditto .
The Suit complete .... • • 2 12 0
FIRST AND BEST QUALITY.
Dress Coat of and colour ...
Trousers, ditto ditto •• • • ...... 081 6
Vest, ditto ditto .. ••• • • • ...... 0 8 6
The Suit complete .... •.• • • • .......... 3 3 0
Articles are made to order in the very best style, at a small addi-
tional charge on theready-made list prices.
THE CUTTING DEPARTMENT
is managed by persons of known talent and great experience, and
such garments only are produced that will defy comparison.
NOTICE.—To save trouble and time, and facilitate the business of
this establishment, purchasers are respectfully informed that every
article is marked the selling price in plain figures, from which no de-
ductions can be made on any consideration whatever.
Money will be returned to any purchaser, should he not approve of
his purchase after seeing the articles at his own house.
No business transacted on Saturdays until the evening.
A book, containing a general list of prices, can be had on appli-
cation.
The Public are respectflilly informed that most extensive altera-
tions for the accommodation of its patrons are now completed, and
that the elegant Show-rooms for the ordered department and cutting
saloon will be opened on MONDAY NEXT, the 13th of April, with an
entire new stock of Superfine West of England Broad Cloths, the
most novel designs in Trowserings, Vestings, and new materials for
Summer Over. coats that can be produced in the kingdom. An early
Inepectletlie respectfully eollcited.

EASTER lIOLYDAYS.
Novelties of extrem' interest and informstion at the
ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION.
Scenes in the OREGON TERRITORY form a part of an en-
tirely NEW SERIES of DISSOLVING VIEWS. PORTRAITS of
the most Distinguished Men in the SIKH GOVERNMENT and
ARMY of LAHORE, magnified by the OPAQUE MICROSCOPE ;
also, Portraits of Sir Henry Hardinge, Sir Robert and Lady Sale. The
PHYSIOSCOPE and CHROMATROPE, with new and beautiful
variations. The most interesting of the Novelties at work are
MACINTOSH'S ROTARY ENGINE, COLEMAN'S PATENT
LOCOMOTIVE ENGINE for ascending and descending Inclined
Planes, FARRELL'S ARCHIMEDIAN RAILWAY, an ENVE-
LOPE CUTTING MACHINE, WOOD'S NEW PATENT STEAM-
ENGINE
GOVERNOR, and the ATMOSPHERIC RAILWAY.
Experiments with the DIVING BELL and DIVER. Lectures on
CHEMISTRY and NATURAL PHILOSOPHY, wills brilliant ex-
periments.

Admission, Is. ; Schools, lialf-price.
A brief Description of the Oregon Territory,
Years' Resident, presented to the Visitors. from Notes by a Nine

UNDER THE PATRONAGE OF PRINCE ALBERT.
SYDNEY GARDENS, BATH.
THE LARGEST HORSE IN THE WORLD
will be exhibited as above, during the Easter Week. The
MAMMOTH HORSE, " General Washington," the property of Mr.
Carter. the "Lion King." He is twenty hands in height, weighs
twenty-five hundred weight, and is the most remarkable animal, as
regards size and shape, that has been ever seen.
Open from Ten In the Morning till Dusk.

TO COMMERCIAL TRAVELLERS.
WANTED, A FIRST-RATE BUSINESS
MAN, to represent an established house.
Apply by letter to Messrs. J. and J. Colman, No. 1, Dowate-hill,
London.

LEEDS, WAKEFIELD, AND MIDLA.N.O
JUNCTION RAILWAY.
Notice is hereby given, that a MEETING of the SCRIPIIOLDERS
in this Company will be held at the Stafford Arms Inn, Wakefield,
on MONDAY, the 27th day of April Instant, at one o'clock in the
afternoon. A report of the present state and future prospects of the
Company, and the Bill now before Parliament, will be then submitted
to the Scripholders, and their opinion and directions taken thereon.
The Directors are induced to call this meeting on account of the
intimation given by the Government authorities with reference to the
further proceedings of Railway Bills now before Parliament.
The votes at the meeting will be taken by the number of shares ;
and to give distant holders the opportunity of voting, proxies have
been prepared, and may be obtained at the offices of the Company in
Cheapside, Wakefield.

All persons wishing to vote by proxy must. on or before the 24th
of April instant, deposit with the Secretary the scrip in respect of
which they claim to vote, for which an accountable receipt will be
given, and the scrip will be returned after the meeting.
Shareholders attending the meeting will be required to produce the
scrip in respect of which they claim to attend and vote.
By order of the Board,
HENRY BERNERS, Secretary.

Wakefield, April 16th, 1846.

IPENCER'S CHINESE LIQUID HAIR DYE
changes in a few minutes, without trouble, red or grey hair,
whiskers, eyebrows, moustaches, &c., to a dark brown or black, by
simply using a comb wetted with the liquid. One application will
produce a pleasing and permanent change. Price 3s. 6d., 65., and
10s. per bottle.
__

To be had of the Proprietors, 21, Nottingham-place, Fieldgate-
street, Whitechapel-road, London ; also of Mr. Johnstone, GS, Corn-
hill ; Butler, 4, Cheapside ; Prout, 229, Strand ; Sanger, 150, Oxford-
street; Barclay, Farringdon-street ; Atkinson, 24, Old Rond-
e
street; Hooper, 43, King William-street, London .bridge ; Finnigin,
Milsom-street, Bath ; Elmore, Bull-street, Birmingham ; and of most
Perfumers and Medicine Vendors in town and
ucoquunitdryi.iairSeDn3t,eto.,,
ally part of the kingdom by receiving a remittance, post-paid.
Observe, Please
tthoe
Proprietor's
pfroire t
0"
r,o address Spencer and
iCo.'sson
th wrapper. hin

TIDAL HARBOURS COMMISSION
The following extracts from the Second Report of the
Tidal Harbours Commissioners, presented to both Houses
of Parliament, will be found interesting
A more extended inquiry has fully confirmed the
views which the limited examination of last year led us
to submit to your Majesty. Not only is there a general
want of control over the management and revenue of
the ports, but there is not a single exception among the
numerous oases which have come before us, in which
such a control might not have been the means of saving
unnecessary outlay ; of preventing encroachments that
can now scarcely be remedied, or of stopping works that
must be removed in order to secure the objects to which
the attention of the Commission is directed.
The necessity of such supervision has also become
more apparent since the publication of the returns to the
orders of the House of Commons of August last, from
which we learn that the income of the varinis ports of
the United Kingdom considerably exceeds the sum of
800,0001. a year, the whole levied by charters and acts of
Parliament, or otherwise, from dues on shipping, and on
goods borne by shipping, but over the expenditure of
which Parliament has not at present the slightest control.
In Ireland we have been enabled to visit most of the
ports and fishing piers around the, coast, and have been
strongly impressed by a sense of the great value of its
natural harbours, their depth and capacity, and the
extent and capability for improvement of its fisheries,
which even in their present state, and with the fishery
piers often in ruins from neglect, afford employment to 1
19,880 vessels and boats, and 93,000 hardy fishermen.
But these natural advantages are very far from having
been turned to the best account; on the contrary, a de-
tailed examination into the state of the principal ports
shows that although much has been done, and, in many
cases, at a heavy expenditure of money, yet that if the
works had been planned with a little more foresight,
and steadily carried on under efficient control, the
same expenditure would have led to far better results,
and might have removed the causes of complaint for
which there is but too much foundation.
The harbour of Dublin and the river Liffey offer an
instructive example of the correctness of these state-
ments. Within the last thirty years many improve-
ments have taken place; the depth of water over the
bar and up to the city -quays has been increased
several feet, by dredging, and by the bold measure
of running out the great north wall ; the traffic
and consequent revenue of the port have more than
doubled; and the latter has risen to 34,000/. a year.
Yet the evidence shows that the foundation of the
r epi r e
nperdes.e present
that
tthe state,
quays is generally so imperfect that they will not, in
admitsout h
quayof th,e
thriver e s
obeing f
three-
fourths further
dt
of the shipping of the port, is encum-
bered at its foot by heaps of mud ; that the
entrance into the Grand Canal Docks is all but
blocked up by sand-banks ; that there is a great want
of graving docks; that there is but one public crane; that
the port charges are very high; and that the ballast, of
which, by Act of Parliament, the ballast-office has a
monopoly, and for which it charges about double the
market-price, is in many cases bad.
Wexford harbour, which, from its capabilities, its po-
sition in a rich country, amidst an industrious population,
and its vicinity to the English coast, ought to be one of
the most prosperous in Ireland, is the resort of little
more than coasting vessels. It appears in evidence that
here are 104 Harbour Commissioners ; that the stream of
the Slaney, and the tidal waters of its vast estuary,
are left uncontrolled ; that the heads of the piles on
which the quays are founded project some feet into
the river, and have caused damage to several vessels ;
that a vexatious toll is levied on all vessels passing
through Wexford Bridge ; and that heaps of stone,
now forming an artificial bar eight feet high, have been
thrown in at the foot of its piers to save the foundation
from being swept away. Similar neglect appears outside
the harbour, where the want of a light off Blackwater
Bank, and the absence of beacons on the other dangerous
sands which line this coast, are stated to have been the
diaontrskctaor money
has
cause of several shipwrecks, and of a great sacrifice of life,
At Waterford, a capacious natural harbour, consider.
able exertion has been made to deepen the ford and ob-
tain a channel up to the town; but an extensive mud-
bank still lines the foot of the finest range of quays in
the United Kingdom; the soil, dredged up in one
part of the harbour, is dropped into the stream in
another; thousands of tons of refuse stone are annually
swept into the river from the quarries of Grenagh ; while
the bridge, with its thirty-six arches and corresponding
piers, and an opening for ships only eight yards wide,
places a bar to the extension of navigation and improve-
ment towards Carrick-on-Suir and Clonmel.
The celebrated harbour of Cork stands pre-eminent for
capacity and safety, even in that country of fine natural
harbours. The upper portion of it, which falls more im-
mediately within the limits of this commission, extends
for five miles below the city to Passage. This part, since
the year 1820, has been considerably deepened; vessels of
500 tons now come up to the city, and the traffic and in-
come of the port have proportionably increased ; yet
the harbour is far from being in that state which
a revenue of 8,0001. a year for the last twenty-five years
would warrant. Complaints are made that banks at
the foot of the quays cause great risk to the fine
steamers which ply between the city and Cove ;
that seven weirs cross the river Lee within
ingtohttbheearibveenrebfiyt
one mile and a half of Cork, and impede the up-
ward flow of the tide ; that a wall has been built for
aciarneds,eoxveeiwsehifcoh
1,500 yards, in a doubtful direction, to guide the set of
the current, and is now left in an unfinished state ; that
the silt dredged up from the channel is laid at the back
envfertyhis
respectable witness,
the tides used to flow has been parily enclosed, whereby a
high
ea n; da washedud
that
adnoawrne againaof150
large portion of tidal water is excluded. Yet
enYtehtetvhiiestilmargoef
; i n short,
space, if inclosed by a wall properly directed, and the
loss of the excluded water compensated by dredging
,tttt ,
ohnht
eehgeuc
navigation,uiphtopi
at
quote
ererbntposhua,
erri tnowsof
andt foecatrohddres
kfoobforhefbn
la
.de:soant fhgphrtailohger
throughout
highly
hyafi
ovso
reuarrtea,
nuisance
"also, are made that the Glanmire and
tk Harbourwhile
never
half measures."
tßhaellilnatacteurrhraasrilvaerrgselary
oeonbtortihhuitneda ntoegtlheectce
reachFurid ;ththeahtaaupdosrotifonthoof
ttrheeasduureesrc;olalencdtetdh
been borrowed, and consequently a debt incurred, without
the authority of an act of Parliament.
Surveyors and sailors complain of the too great ele-
vation and ill chosen position of Cape Clear Light ,
the want of a light en the Foze Rock, the western pointn
of Ireland ; and that there is no coast light from th
Old Head of Kinsale to the Hook of Waterford , a e
dis-
tance of seventy miles.
Limerick, at the head of the estuary of the Shannon,
the noblest river in the kingdom, and now y, L__
ua th
energy of the Board of Public Works, rendered nvi-
gable almost through its whole length, offers great
facility for navigation and commercial enterprise.
Here there is a magnificent bridge built across
the harbour at a cost of 85,0001. ; yet, although
the same Act under which it was erected expressly
gives powers for the construction of floating docks, the
harbour still remains without a dock or place of shel-
ter, and vessels at low water lie on the rocky bot-
tom, and exposed to damage ; while its income
of 4,000/. a year, levied 'upon shipping,
is mort-
gaged to pay the interest of money chiefly y ex.
pended in building the bridge. It is also stated