The Sun.
London, England, 1848-06-30 00:00:00

ebieninit

LONDON, FRIDAY, JUNE 30, 1848.

After a discussion which lasted no less than six en-
tire evenings, the House of Commons has at length
divided on the West India question, and the Minis-
terial proposition has been carried by a majority of
fifteen only in a House of 505, the numbers being—
for going into Committe, 260, against it, 245. The
minority consisted of persons wholly opposed to each
other in political opinions, who appeared to be in-
fluenced by the most conflicting and opposite reasons
for the votes which they gave. There were the
ultra-Protectionists, who desired that a high differen-
tial duty, amounting to a practical monopoly, should
be permanently maintained, and who
were utterly
careless of the burden imposed on the working men
of this country by an increased price for an article of
the first necessity—of daily consumption even in
the humblest dwellings, provided their darling
principle should be thereby sustained, and the full
development of an unrestricted trade and commerce
retarded. Arrayed in the same ranks were to he
found others, actuated by a conscientious abhorrence
of the atrocious traffic in human flesh, and who
would gladly submit to any loss rather than that
which might appear to be an encouragement of the
unholy slave trade should be recognised or sanctioned.
Others, like the Hon. Member for Birmingham, op-
posed going into Committee, simply with the inten-
tien of getting rid of the Government measure alto-
gether, of preventing any change, and abiding by
the settlement of the question adopted in 1846, while
the Right lion. Members for the Universities of Ox-
ford and Cambridge desired something intermediate
between the protection recommended by the methyl
vote of the Noble Chairman of the Committee on
West India Distress, and that proposed by the Go-
vernment ; and, although their views might properly
• have been submitted in Committee as a modification
of the proposed plan, they still opposed the Speaker
leaving the chair, because they did not in every re-
spect agree with Ministers. Many Irish Members
also recorded their opposition, merely because the
distillers of their country might possibly be injured
by the reduction of the differential duties on Colonial
and British spirits from 9d. to 4d., which they
conceived not equivalent for the disadvantages
sustained by the home manufacturer in con-
sequence of the stringency of the excise regu-
lations to which he is exposed. When the
heterogeneous composition of the minority, consisting
as it did of persons who may never again walk into
the same lobby upon a division, is taken into account,
is will not be surprising that the majority was so
,earrow, although it may seem strange that any
pt rsons could have supported the amendment of the
Hon. Member for Druitwich, except those who de-
sire d that a protecting duty of 103. per cent. should
lee maintained for six years, if not for a longer period.
The Right Hon. Baronet, the Member for Tam-
worth most ably refuted the arguments advanced in

fai 'our of the protecting duty of 10s. He Showed
that it would not at all meet the alleged exigencies
of the case. The West India body is distressed
in consequence of the supply of labour not being
adequate to the wants of the planters. That, at
le,lst, is the only tangible ground on which they

could demand, as a matter of right and justice,
the suspension in their favour of the doctrines that
have received the sanction of the great majority of
the Legislature and of the community in general.
As a remedy for this deficiency they ask for
protection for colonial produce generally. Not merely
for that of the West India colonies, where this want
is felt, but also of the East Indies and the Mauritius,
in both of which there is an ample supply of labour.
Production will of course be stimulated in these latter
settlements as well as in the West Indies, and the
competition thus occasioned will, in a pecuniary point
of view, be as injurious as that of foreign countries.
It would lead also to a constant struggle to get rid of
the obnoxious impost, which would, in all proba-
bility, be successful, or if not, would keep the West
India body in a most difficult position, and would
retard the other measures of legislation that are
so urgently required. It would also decide the ques-
tion as to the rate of wages in favour of the indolent
negro, who stands out for extravagant remuneration
for his servicei, in order that the greater portion of
his time may be spent in total idleness, and who is
the real cause of West Indian distress, from his re-
fusal to render " a fair day's work for a fair day's
wages." If the black population in the West India
Islands could be induced to exert themselves as
English labourers are compelled to do, in order to
obtain a coarse and humble provision for their fami-
lies, there would be no want of labour to execute
every operation incidental to the growth or the menu-
facture of the sugar-cane, and the cause of slavery
would not be sustained by the argument which
avaricious men are enabled to use, that the
negro will not work unleis actually com-
pelled to do so by the most stringent re-
gulations, and that, consequently,- free labour can-
not compete with slave labour in a tropical climate,
in which European workmen cannot be procured.
The great points required by the West Indians are
an improved method of cultivation and menu-
, facture, by which the utmost produce may be obtained
from the lands, and the placing of the relations be-
tween the employers and the employed upon a proper
footing. These great desiderata, which are wholly
within the power of the planters themselves, would
only be retarded by the protection of 10s. per hun-
dred for six years, which would induce them rather
to rely thereon, and to make new appeals for its con-
tinuance when the period for which it was
granted was coming to a close, than to make
those efforts for a fre3 and unrestricted
competition which can alone prove effectual
and lay the foundation of a permanent prosperity.
The Government resolutions propose to give a pre-
sent protection of 7s. for one description of sugar,
which will be gradually diminished, accompanied
also by such a reduction of duty as may fairly be
expected to occasion a great ia.--rease of consumption,
and thus afford the required assistance in the most
beneficial manner.

The House will go into Committee this evening,
when we hope effectual progress may be made, so
that the resolutions may be fully sanctioned before
the sth of July, from which dv the contemplated
changes are to take place.

We last week alluded to the meagre and unsatis
factory character of the report recently published by
the Committee appointed to inquire into the causes of
the commercial distress during the past year. Al-
though that Committee was so constituted that on the
very day when its members were nominated it was
well known that the result of their deliberations would
be to recommend a strict adherence to the provisions
of the Bank Charter Act of 1844, it was supposed
that they would, at least, have entered into some ex-
planations stating the grounds on which they had ar-
rived at such a decision, and defending the
Act, to the policy of which a positive majority had
been actually pledged before the commencement of
their labours. Indeed the community had a
just right to expect at their hands a positive state-
ment, as to " how far the distress had been affected
by the laws for regulating the issue of bank-notes
payable on demand." It was the very issue that
they were empanelled to try, and they were bound
to return a distinct answer to the question so asked.
The Hon. Member for, Westbury, in bringing for-
ward his amendments, stated " that his object was
to obtain the sanction of the House that the inqui-
ries of the Committee should be more confined," and
added, that " es the motion then stood, it would
allow to the consideration of the Committee any
subject which any Honourable Member might
conceive to have been the cause of the re-
cent commercial crisis. Now, if he under-
stood the object of the Government, and
the desire of the country, the object they had in this
inquiry should be confined to the one question of
banking and currency." And although that amend-
ment was withdrawn, it was perfectly understood,
that if not the sole it was at least the chief topic for
discussion, on which an unequivocal verdict should
be pronounced. The Chancellor of the Exchequer
himself, in moving for the Committee, sr'd," I am not
ignorant, however, that many persons of great autho-
rity—of great experience—and of great practical
acquaintance with business, differ from the views I
have ventured to state to the House, and that they
differ also in no inconsiderable degree amongst them-
selves on this subject. And it is, therefore, most
desirable that the opinions of all those gentlemen dif-
fering as they do from one another on a point of vital
importance to the country should be well and care-
fully considered. • • * I think few can say that
we have not learned something in the experience of
the last 18 months, and for my own part I think it
most desirable that a Committee consisting of persons
of various opinions, taking very different views of this
subject, should inquire into the matter, and by the
collision of their opinions, and the result of the evi-
dence that may be laid before them, they may be able to
throw additional light on this most complicated and
difficult question." Such was the language used by
the Right Honourable Baronet on that memorable
occasion, and surely it could scarcely be conceived
that the report drawn up by himself and adopted by
the obedient majority would have been utterly silent
on the subject. The value of the report would
altogether depend on the validity of the
reasoning, the soundness of the arguments by which it
was sustained. The country did not require that the
semblance of an investigation should be carried, or
that they might know that Sir IL PEEL and three
subordinate members of his Administration, and Lord
J, usseee and a similar number of his associates,
71nireed that the Bank Charter Act should be sus-
t d in all its stringency, without alteration or mo-
dification of any description. It had too painful ex-
perience eT the subject. The arguments of those
persons might, however, have had some effect in
changing 'he general opinion, and vindicating the
existing lthe censure that had been so uni-
versally‘,. They might," in the words
IV
w
of Sir CHARLES 00D, "
uponfm it.
have been able to throw ad-
ditional light on this most corelanceted and difficult
question."
shrank from the
No such elucidation has, however, been vouchsafed
to us—the Committee have wholly
responsibility of giving any response to the interro-
gatory exhibited to them. True it is they state, that,
" after a careful review of all the evidence, they
are
of opinion that it is not expedient to make any alteea_
tion in the Bank Act of 1844." But they do not
venture to declare that the intensity of the crisis
was not seriously aggravated by the operation of that
Act ; that the mercantile distress, the panic, and
want of confidence that prevailed throughout the
entire country, and the fearful extent of losses in-
curred by commercial houses, were not greatly en-
hanced in consequence of the existence of that law,
the mere temporary suspension of which, accompanied
as it was by conditions that almost neutralised
the goci effects of that suspension, had so immediate
and so magical an effect in assuaging that pain, and
restoring a certain degree of confidence, where all
before had been gloom and despair. They simply
state, that " the evidence which had been given as to
the effects of the Act of 1134, has been contradic-
tory ; its beneficial effects, as regards the issue of the
country banks, have been admitted by many of the
witnesses, and although acme have suggested an
alteration of its provisions, very few have contested
the general principles on which it is founded." This
is, indeed, blinking the question ; they are asked to say
how far the distress has been occasioned by those
laws, and they tell us, in answer, forsooth, that the
witnesses differ in opinion, but do not at all attempt
to decide which of these witnesses are right and

which are wrong. What would be said if a jury to
whom an issue of fact had. been sent, merely stated
that there was conflicting evidence ? or if a court of
law, to Whom a:disputed 'point had been referred,
answered that skilful barristers entertained oppo•
site views ? The parties who brought the case for-
ward were already perfectly aware of these disputes
and differences, and it was to obtain a solution
thereof that they had recourse to the judgment of
another tribunal, and if the judgment was so vague
and equivocal they would most probably conceive
that much time had been misspent, and expense
very uselessly incurred for such a result. So
the Legislature and the country, who awaited
a distinct answer to a plain and simple ques•
tion, will conceive that they are very little wiser or
better informed on the point than they were when
the Committee commenced their labours, and that
Parliament had indeed been most unnecessarily called
together at an inconvenie4 period of the year, if' all
that was obtained in retur* therefor was the informa-
tion that "the evidence as Ito the effects of the Act of
1844 " was contradictory,' and that the members of
the late and of the present Cabinets were of opinion
" that it is not expedient to make any alteration in
the Bank Charter Act of 1844." Verily—
" Parturiunt montes, nascitur ridiculus mus."

THE FRENCH REPUBLIC.

THE NEW-MINISTRY.

We yesterday announced that General CAVAIGNA C
had been elected Presidentiof the Council, with power
to appoint his own Minis*. The General at once
proceeded to exercise thei power thus conferred on
him, and during the sitting of the Assembly on Wed-
nesday evening he presented the following as the list
of his new Ministry :

Senard ...
Bastide ...
Goudcbaux
Bethmont
Lamoriciere
Carnot ..
Thouret ..
Recurt ..

Interior.
... Foreign Affairs.
... Finance.
... Justice.
.. War.
.. Public Instruction.
.. Commerce.
Public Works.
Admiral Leblanc .. Marine.
These names were well received, with the ex-
ception of those of M. CARROT and Admiral LE-
BLANC. M. CARROT, it will be recollected,
was the Minister of Public Instruction under
the Provisional Government, and emulated M.
LEDnu RoLLIN in the ultra character of his circulars.
He probably owes his appointment to the respect in
which General CAYAIGNAC, in common with every
miltary man, holds the memory of his father. Ills
name was received with a burst of disapprobation by
the Assembly. An attempt was made to oppose the
appointment of Admiral LEBLANC, on the ground
that he was not a Member of the Assembly, but it
was over-ruled. The character of the Ministry is
altogether one of moderation, and the appointment of
General LAMORICIERB, the brother-in-law of M.
TRIERS, would seem to indicate that it would receive
the support of that gentlemen and his friends.

It was to Gen. LAMORICIERE that ARD-EL-KADER
surrendered. Gen. LAMORICIERE pledged his honour
to ABD-EL-KADER that the terms of the surrender
should be observed, and that the Arab Chief should
be permitted to retire either to Syria or to Egypt,
that word of honour so pledged was violated by the
perfidy of GUISOT, who disavowed General L.amoar-
CIERE, and on that pretence kept ABD-EL• KADER in
France. General LAMORICIERE is now himself
Minister, and one of his first acts will no doubt
be to permit the ex-Emir to transport himself
either to Syria or to Egypt, as he had pledged himself
to do at the time of the capitulation. Less cannot be
expected from a brave soldier and a man of honour,
such as LaiIiORICIERS has proved himself to be.
Great allowance must be ma le for the extraordinary
position in which General CAVA IGNAC is placed, but
we must confess that we do not altogether like the
composition of the new Ministry. It is too hetero-
geneous in its character to work well. How, for
instance, can any united action take place in a Cabinet
in which are M. CA RNOT, the ultra-Republican, and
friend of LEDRU ROLLIN, and General LAMORICIERE,
the brother-in-law of TRIERS, and the friend of the
Due D'AUMALE, whose Orleanist predilections are all
but openly avowed. Nevertheless it must be ad-
mitted that it is a vast improvement upon the former
Ministry, and the appointment of M. GOUDCHAUI
as Finance Alinista.r cannot but tend greatly to the
rev:val of public credit.
The appointment of M. SENARD to the Ministry of
the Interior creates a vacancy in the Presidency of the
Assembly. It is generally supposed that M. Du-
FAURE will be the new President. It was during the
course of the sitting of Wednesday that the election
of General CATAIGNAC to the office of President took
place. At the commencement of the sitting the PRE-
SIDENT proposed the following proclamation, which
was voted with acclamation :

" TO THE FREICIIII PEOPLE.

" Frenchmen I Anarchy is conquered,—Paris is still
standing, and justice shall be dune ! Honour to the
courage and patriotism of the National Guards of Paris
and the departments 1 Honour to our brave and ever
glorious army! to our young and intrepid Mobile Guard !
to our schools ; to the Republican Guard ; and to so
many generous volunteers who have ascended the breach
for the defence of order and liberty ! All, with a con-
tempt of life, and with superhuman courage, have driven
back from barricade to barricade, and pursued, to their last
dens, those monsters who, without principles, without
colours, seemed to have armed themselves for massacre
and pillage alone.—(" Very well.") Family, institutions,
liberty, country, all was struck at the heart, and beneath
the strokes of the new barbarians, the civil'attion of the
19th century was doomed to perish. But no! civiliza-
. tion cannot perish ! No I the Republic—that work of
God—the living law of humanity—the Republic cannot
perish. We swear it by France herself, who rejects
with horror these savage doctrines, in which family is
but a name, and property but a theft. We swear it by
the blood of so many noble victims, who have Wier,
beneath their fratricidal balls. All the enemies of the
Republic had leagued against her in a violent and des-
perate effort. They are vanquished, and henceforth
none of them can attempt again to cast us into
such bloody collisions. That sublime enthusiasm,
that from all parts of France has precipitated
on Paris the thousands of soldier-citizens, whose
loyalty has affected us all, does it not proclaim
that, with universal suffrage, the greatest crime is
to rise against the sovereignty of the people? Are not
the decrees of the National Assembly there to confound
the miserable calumnies, to proclaim that its our republic
there are no classes, no privileges possible; that the
ouvriers are our brothers ; that their interests have
always been with us the most sacred; and that, after
having energetically established order, and assured
severe justice, lie will open our hearts and arms to all
who labour and suffer amongst us? Frenchmen—
unite in the holy love of country. Blot out the last
traces of civil discord; maintain firmly all the conquests
of liberty and democracy; let nothing cause us to
swerve from the principles of our revolution; but let us
not forget that society must be ordered; that equality
and fraternity can only be developed in concord and
peace; that liberty needs order to establish it, and to
defend it from its own excesses. It is thus that we will
consolidate our young Republic, and that in the future
we shall see it from day to day become greater and more
prosperous. May it acquire new power, and a new
pledge of duration, from the trials which it has now un-
dergone."
When the President concluded, General Cavaignac
addressed the Assembly, and declared that he desired to
restore to it the extraordinary powers which it had con-
ferred upon him. He observed that the state of siege
which exists did not necessarily infer the existence of a
dictatorship, and that the latter was now unnecessary,
and ought not to be allowed to continue; but that the
state of siege ought not yet to be removed. He con-
cluded by annouccing that the Ministers had authorised
him to give their collective resignation.
After a few words from M. Flocon,
The thanks of the Assembly were then voted to Ge-
ne
General Caveig
Cnac.
thrs vosite,
m svarhic vote
avaignac proposed that the Army, the Na-
tional Guard, and Garde Mobile should be included in
to the President of the
Assembly, and a tribute was offered to the memory of
the Archbishop of Paris.
M. Martin (de Strasbourg) then proposed the follow-
ing decree:—" The Assembly confers the executive
power on Generali Cavaignac, with the title of the Pro.
sident of the Council of Ministers, with authority to ap-
point the Cabinet.
M. Portalis observed, that the General was in some
measure a stranger to public affairs, and suggested that
the Assembly appoint itself the Nlinisters, as otherwise
it would have nu chance of duration.
Seine Members having demanded that the two para-
graphs of the decree proposed by M. Martin (de Stras-
bourg.) be put separately from the chair, a most con-
fused discussion ensued, amidst the greatest tumult.
When silence was restored,
M. Dufaure contended that the division was indis-
pensable in the interes • t of the liberty of all opinions,
some Members being desirous to vote for the first para-
graph who would not give their approbation to the
secoui.
General Cavaignac next demanded, as representative
of the people, the division of the decree.
This course being agreed to,
The President read separately the different para-
graphs of the decree.

" 1. The National Assembly confers the executive
power on General Cavitignac."
This paragraph was unanimously adopted by the As-
sembly, and the whole House and the National Guards,
who constitut:d exclusively the auditory in the public
galleries, joined in the cries of " Vice la Republique r
'• rae le General Cavaignac!"
" 2. The General shall assume the title of President
of the Council."

This paragraph was carried pith the same unanimity.
" 3. He will name his own Ministry."
A Member asked that he should propose his Minis-
try, but the Assembly voted the paragraph without
heeding the objection, and not more than 30 rose
against it.
The entire decree was then adopted, the opposing
Members not exceeding 20.

The Assembly afterwards adjourned.
On the sitting being resumed, at four o'clock, the Pre-
sident announced that M. Dornes, wounded at the bar-
ricade of St. Denis, was fast recovering. Ile then in-
vited the Members, in the interest of the wounded, to
visit them only at the hours fixed by the administra-
tion of the hospitals, between seven and ten o'clock in
the morning.
The President next read to the Assembly the draft
of the special decree relative to the Archbishop of Paris.
It was thus worded:—

" The National Assembly regards as a duty to pro-
claim the sentiment of religious gratitude and profound
soi row which all hearts felt for the devotion anti saintl)
heroical death of the Archbishop of Paris."
M. de Retnilly then proposed to the Assembly to in-
vite its War Committee to prepare-Ist, A decree
against secret societies ; 2d, Another relating to the
clubs ; 3d, A third against the construction of barri-
cades ; 4th, A fourth regulating the posting of bill:4 and
the sale of political journals in the streets ; and, a fifth,
relative to the caution-money and police of the press.
He, moreover, demanded that the Committee of the
Interior be directed to prepare a decree on the dissolu-
tion of the national workhouses of Paris ; and a second
on the non-armament of citizens who do not form part
of the National Guard ; and, finally, to order the Mi.•
nister of War to assemble a camp in the neighbourhood
of Paris. or in the Champ de Mars.
The Assembly afterwards adjourned.
In the evening sitting, General CAVAIGNAC, as we
have already stated, announced the formation of the
new Ministry. General CHANGARNIER arrived on Wed-
nesday evening from Algeria, and immediately waited
on General CAVAIGNAC, who had just received informa-
tion that an emeute bad broken out at Courbevoie.
General CAvAlGNAc.requested the Governor of Algeria,
if he did not feel too much fatigued, to low) no time in
prooceeding to Courbevoie. General CIIANGARNIER
immediately mounted his horse, and proceeded at once
to Courbevoie. On his arrival there he found that it
was a false alarm. General CHANGARNIER has been, it

is said, appointed Commander-in-Chief of the National
Guards. General BEDEAU, who has been oblif,ed to
undergo the operation of amputation of the leg in con-
sequence of the wound which he received on Saturday,
will be appointed Governor of Paris.
The insurgents although conquered are by no means
subdued, and it is not improbable but that they may
attempt to renew the struggle. At present, however,
they confine their attempts to poisoning, and secret
assassinations.

Great emotion was excited on Wednesday at the
corner of the Rue du Temple. The apothecary's shop
at the corner of that street was surrounded by Gardes
Mobile. A soldier of that guard hal been taken to the
apothecary's, in the hope of saving him from being poi-
soned. 'Notice was soon sent to all the chiefs of the
Mobile, to put them on their guard against similar
occurrences.
These attempts to poison the troops save excited the
utmost indignation and horror. Many of the principal
thoroughfares and squares are converted into camp,
where the troops bivouac. The inhabitants frequently
send wine and provisions to those in their immediate
neighbourhood. The late insurgents, who still prowl in
large numbers about the town, and are well supplied
with money, pretend, it is said, to sympathise in the
general gratitude towards the troops who have delivered
the capital, and offer them wine, which, in some cases,
has been incautiously accepted and found to be poisoned.
Fears are entertained that these atrocious attempts are
not unfrequent.
On the same evening an officer was assassinated in the
court of the Tuileries. The assassi❑ was immediately
arrested and shot. Two of the Gardes Mobiles
were on the same evening assassinated i❑ the

Avenue of Mariguay, in the Champs Elysees, and
four soldiers who had entered a house in the
Faubourg St. Antoine, which had capitulated early in
the morning of Tuesday, leaving two of their compa-
nions as sentinels at the door, were found in the house
with their throats cut. The assassins had escaped
through the roof.
The following proclamation was posted in Paris on
Tuesday afternoon:—
" The representative of the people, Mayor of Paris,
to the Mayors of the twelve arrondissements:—
" Paris, June 27.
" Citisons,—l have this instant received the following
dispatch from the Executive Power:—
" Monsieur le Maire de Paris,—l request you will
immediately re-establish order and tree passage through
Paris, arid to adopt for this purpose all the measures
which you may judge proper. Tho same order is ad-
dressed to the Generals who have the military occupa-
tion of Pari..

" The Chief of the Executive Power,

" CAVAIGNAC_"
" In consequence of this order, you will give instruc-
tions to the colonels of your legions to withdraw the
consigne, the nece,sary severity of which had been in•
creased in the execution by a zeal the good intentions of
which at least I am glad to commend. This state of
things must cease this day. The inhabitants of Paris
must be informed that they have perfect liberty in their
relations and their affairs. The state of siege, even if
the Assembly should judge fit to prolong it, has nothing
offensive for any peaceful citizen. I request you to
neglect nothing to enable Paris to resume at once its
usual aspect.

" The Mayor of Paris,
" A. MARRAST."
General CAvAIGNAC has given orders for the immsii
diate disarmament of the Bth, 9th, and lath Legions 61
the National Guard. The Bth comprises the Marais,
the 9th the Faubourg St. Antoine, the 12th the Fau-
bourg St. Marceau (the Garden of Plants, the Gobelins,
&c.) The 12th Legion had elected EARBES as its Co-
lonel, and, during the attack on the Pantheon, joined
the insurgents. He has also ordered the disarmament
of the National Guards of Belleville and "the Courtille,"
and after the Legions were disarmed they were dis-
solved, and an order is issued to disarm every man who
had not been fighting against the insurgents. General
Cavai'nac will follow up this course until he has placed
Paris in perfect safety.
Orders have been given to disarm the inhabitants of
Montmartre, and to effect another search in the quarries.
A battalion of National Guards of every legion of Paris
was to proceed on the expedition.
On Wednesday twenty-six carriages of all kinds were
sent from the interior of the capital to Vincennes, con-
taining about 30,000 muskets taken from the insurgents.
The escort, composed of dragoons and cuirassiers,
reached from the bridge of the Tuileries to Pont Neuf.
Amongst the arms are a number of air-guns, which, it
is supposed, were used fur assassination from windows.
Gun-cotton was found in immense quantities.
The judicial inquiry, relative to the individuals incar-
cerated during the insurrection, is continued. The
evidence already obtained shows that, on the morning of
the 23d, chests of arms and ammunition were sent to a
waggon office at La Villette, and that 1,500 guns were
distributed to the insurgents.
It has been ascertained that active preparations were
made by all the leaders for four days before the out-
break; places were assigned at which the various batta-
lions were to assemble, depots of arms and ammunition
were regularly provided, posts were assigned to the
several commanders, and councils of war were held daily.
Among the chiefs were the commanders and brigadiers
of Ithe Atelier Nationaux, the officers of the late Re-
publican Guard, whose character and antecedents caused
them to be rejected on its reorganization, the privates
who had been expelled from this guard, the late guard
of the mountaineers, some few deserters and officers of
the Garde Mobile, the heads of the most violent clubs,
the editors of the most furious journals, and those of
the liberated convicts who had exhibited most capacity.
The insurgents must have had upwards of 40,000
men under arms. But this was not all, they were aided
by the treachery of some of the subordinate persons
employed by the Executive Government.
One of the National Guards who was at the attack on
the Clos St. Lazare kept one of the cartridges which had
been served out to them. It was found to contain saws
dust instead of powder. This cartridge is now in the
hands of the officers who commanded. The paper of
which it is made is the same as that used by the Govern-
ment for making their cartridges.
M. LALANNE, who was appointed as the successor to
M. ESeILE Tuomas as director of the Ateliers Nation-
aux, has been arrested on a charge of having sent
money to the men engaged in the insurrection in the
Rue St. Antoine.
The friend and oases:ate of SoBRIER has been arrested.
On him were found orders to the emissaries of the in-
surrection, and papers indicating the plans of the barri-
cades and the names of the chiefs. This man, who was
observable in the clubs by his lofty style of speaking,
now appears much disconcerted. When interrogated
he shed tears.
Among the chiefs of the insurrection who have been
arrested are NAPOLEON LEBON and KER,„„E.
M. VATRIN, Lieutenant-Colonel of the 6th Legion,
has been arrested, by order of General LAMORICIERE.
After having been admitted to the conference on the
plan of the attack, he was taken in the ranks of the
insurgents.
The military committee at the Palace of the Tuileries
has already examined upwards of 300 prisoners; almost
all of them were in possession of pieces of gold; SOUle
of there had even five basis. " We saw," says the
" a box full of money, which had been taken
from the insurgents." Several of the prisoners, when
asked by the judges why they did ne t surrender before,
replied, " We had to earn the money which had been
given to us." None of them have as yet betrayed the
names of their instigators.
On one of the inF,urgents was found the following
draft of a decree written in pencil:—Art. 1. All the
citizens who pay more than 200 f. in taxes are deprived
of their civil and political rights for 10 years. Art. 2.
All the property, both real and personal, belonging to
citizens who have exercised public functions of any na-
ture since 1815, is confiscated. Art. 3. The constitution
of France is that of 1793. Art. 4. The army is dis-
banded.
The Journal du Havre say a— "It appears osrtain that
the banquet at 5 sous was nothing less than one vast
conspiracy, in which all the guests invited—and they
would have been very numerous—were to be massacred
under the pretext of fraternisation; all the arms which

were in possession of the insurgents being destined to r
he used in this frightful carnage."
The Memorial de Rouen says, " Yesterday morning,
when the roll of the liberated convicts en surveillance at
Rouen was called over, it was found that 800 were
absent. This is a very significant fact."
The Cohstitutionnel has the following on the present
state of Paris The combat is over, but the elements
of disorder which the preceding adninistration had so
imp udently allowed to accumulate have net disappeared.
A rigid surveillance can alone prevent fresh calamities.
The insurrection, though conquered, is still dangerous.
After the fighting in the streets may commence the era
of revenge and assassination. The Government will be
very guilty towards the noble and heroic population of
Paris, who has so valiantly defended it ; towards the
army, the Garde Mobile, and the Garde Republicaine,
who have shed their purest blood in the cause of order,
if by all their efforts they cannot defeat the designs of
these eternal enemies of society and civilization.
" We have already pointed out the peril to be feared
from the incessantly increasing number of fol cats liberes.
Our prognostications hale been but too well justified.
They have been seen at work in every quarter of Paris.
The Garde Mobile, those courageous and loyal youth,
have been the victims of the most unheard-of cruelties.
Brave soldiers who have gone as flags of truce have
been cruelly massacred. Pillage and violation hay e
been organized, and this impious war has everywhere
assumed a character which reminds us of the exploits of
cannibals.

"Is the lesson complete enough ? Will the necessity
be sufficiently understood of removing from Paris tht,e
wretches branded by the hand of justice, and whose only
object is to overthrow social order ?
" We have called on the Prefect of Police to put in

force all the ordonnances relative to lodging-houses.
The events which have occurred prove what assistance
those houses have afforded to the insurgents. They
have there concocted their schemes of conspiracy, and
established their head-quarters during the struggle. The
murderous fire which has decimated the National
Guard and the army came for the most part from those
houses and from the wine shops, and it is in those
haunts that the defenders of order, in their subsequent
search, have found great quantities of arms, and a mass
of incendiary substances.
"It is therefore necessary that establishments of this
kind should be submitted to the strictest examination
and surveillance. The security of Paris demands it, and
the sad results of a long-continued toleration should serve
as a lesson.

"It is indispensable to cause to be returned into the
arsenals of the State all the arms which have been re-
moved from them, and the legitimate use of which is
not clearly shown. It is well known with what deplor•
able facility muskets were distributed after the last revo-
lution of February, for the re-organization of the Na-

tional Guards. Many men had three, and even four
muskets delivered to them. A good address was all that
was necessary to obtain one. The 15th of May showed
us how the assistant police, as they were called, who had
established themselves in the Rue de Rivoli, obtained
arms and ammunition. More than once we have asked
what had become of the barrels of powder given to the
old Garde Republicaine. We now know too well. The
detention of arms and ammunition is punishable
by the penal code. It is for the Government to carry
the law into strict execution. _

" Again, the attention of the police has been more
than once called to the signals by means of which the
conspirators communicate with each other. A num-
ber of the inhabitants of Paris have frequently
witnessed lights moving about at night on different
prominent parts of Paris, and on the roofs of houses,
and which have been answered by other similar move-
ments in other quarters. These facts have been
more than once denounced. Nevertheless, on the very
day of combat those signals still existed, and have
powerfully contributed to the temporary success of
the insurrection. At the moment when the Faubourg
St. Antoine was taken private signals of this
kind were observed to be at work, and only last night.
they were seen from the top of a house i❑ the 'tile St.
Honore. Is it necessary for us any longer to insist on
the immediate and prompt attention of the Government
to these facts, and to these guilty marceuvres? We sin-
cerely hope that M. TitoUVE CHAUVEL will:adopt ener-
getic measures to protect the interests confided to his
care. The honour of his administration is connected
with it."

The AfoniPnr du Soir gives an official contradiction
to the report which had been extensively circulated in
Paris, that several of the insurgents had been tried by
court-martial and shot. " These reports," says the
Moniteur," are entirely false."
The payment of the dividends on the Consolidated
Funds, which became due on the 22d of this mouth,
commenced on Tuesday, to be continued till the sth July.
An apothecary at the Barriere de Fontainebleau
charged with having manufactured gunpowder for the
insurgents, stabbed himself to the heart when the
National Guards came to arrest him.

During the search made on Wednesday in the Fau-
bourg St. Antoine, the National Guards discovered
thirty-seven armed men concealed in the cellar of the
house No. 200. They had in their possesion 167 loaded
muskets and all the necessary utensils for manufacturing
bullets. They surrendered without resistance.
The accounts from the departments continue favour-
able, and there had been no renewal of the disorders at
Marseilles. M. 01...trviEn, the Prefect, who, before his
appointment, was clerk to LEDItu ROLLIN, is accused of
having encouraged the insurrection.
BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK-EXCHANGE. JUNK 29. _

Namur and Liege, '2
—Northern of France, 4!„4—Paris
and Rouen, 16—Sambre and Meuse, 21i.

SPAIN.

Madrid papers of the 24th have arrived.
CHRISTINA iS, it is said, about to proceed to Seville,
to be present at the accouchement of the Duchess of
AIONTPENSIER.

Rumours of a Ministerial crisis were rife.
The Bolsa was closed on the 24th.

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