The Sun.
London, England, 1870-07-21 00:00:00

ATTITUDE OF BELGIUM.

On Tuesday evening all the colonels of the Gardes
Civique throughout the kingdom met at Brussels under
the presidency of General Pletincks, in order to draw up
an appeal to the volunteers of the country. This appeal
to arms has created a most painful effect, inasmuch
as it comes after the National Bank had sent
its cash to Antwerp, and after the King had
despatched his plate and pictures to the same strong-
hold. Had the country been invaded by the enemy
the panic and consternation now prevailing through the
whole kingdom could not be more intense. The volunteers
will be armed with Albini guns, and will receive field pay.
The army corps of observation, under the command of
General Chazal, includes two divisions. The first division
is commanded by his Royal Highness the Count of Flan-
ders, brother to the King ; the second division by General
Gassin. The Count of Flanders has established his head-
quarters at Louvain, about two miles distant from Brussels.
General Chazai's head-quarters are at Liege. Colonel
13rialmont is the chief of the staff of General Eewans,
enrnmanding the army of Antwerp. The infantry of this
garrison has just left for Antwerp, the cavalry for Lou.
The service of the capital is intrusted to the Gardes
Civiques. Already 18,000:000f. have been expended on
the maintenance of the neutrality of the Belgian territory.
Longwy, on the French ground, is in a state of siege.
Brussels, Ostend, and Spa are deserted by foreigners.

ADHESION OF SAXONY TO PRUSSIA.
A telegram, dated Berlin, July 19, evening, says :—ln
to-day's sitting of the North German Parliament, the
Government introduced a bill demanding a credit of
120,000,000 thalers for military purposes. In the last
sitting of the Federal Council Baron Friesen, in the name
of the Saxon Government, which, as he stated, was en-
tirely at one with all other Federal Governments, de-
clared that it agreed with all the steps hitherto taken
by the President of the Confederation, and with the views
which Prussia had expressed on the circumstances which
have brought about the present position of affairs. Baron
Friesen concluded as follows :—" France demands war.
Let us hope that it will be carried on with all possible
speed and energy."
The Saxon Minister at Paris has been recalled. The
protection of Saxon citizens in France has been transferred
to the American Minister.
THE SOUTH GERMAN STATES.
The Crown Prince of Prussia assumes the command in
chief of the German Army of the South, and has already
made the necessary communication on the subject to 'the
Courts of Munich and Stuttgardt.
The Bavarian Minister in Berlin has been instructed
by telegraph to notify Count Bismarck that in
consequence of the declaration of war by France
against Prussia, and the fact of an invasion of
German territory having taken place, the Bavarian
Government, on the ground or the treaty of alliance with
Prussia, and as Prussia's ally, has entered into war with
Prance, in conjunction with all the German Govern-

meats. The Chamber of Deputies has voted the extraor-
dinary military credit of 18,209,000 florins demanded by
the Government. The Upper House unanimously ap-
proved the vote. The Chamber expressed to the Minister
of War its thanks for the good organisation of the army,
and the rapid manner in which the troops have been
Placed upon a war footing.
The French envoy took leave on Tuesday. Wurtem-
burg participates in the national wrr against France, and
the French envoy will receive his passports without delay.

HESSE DARMSTADT.
In yesterday's sitting of the Lower House of the Diet,
Herr Von Dulwigk, the Prime Minister, made a speech,
in which he stated that the German frontier had been
violated under frivolous pretexts. He declared that all
Particularist dissensions must disappear in face of the im-
pending danger to the Fatherland, and he begged the
House to sanction unanimously the bills which he had to
submit. The credit for 3,376,000 florins for the Hessian
contingent, and a loen of 1,100,000 florins were agreed to
nem. con. The sitting closed amid cheers for Germany,,
the King of Prussia, and the Grand Duke.

MEDIATION DECLINED BY FRANCE.
France has declined the mediation proffered by England

in virtue of the treaty of 3856, on the ground that the
present circumstances do not come within the scope of
that treaty.

Official decrees, dated respectively the 16th and 19th
inst.,iwere published on Tuesday last appointing Prince
Latour d'Auvergne Ambassador at Vienna ; Marshal Le
Bceuf, Major-General of the Army of the Rhine ; and
General Dejean, Minister of War, ad interim. Prince
Latour d'Auvergne leaves here on Tuesday next for
Vienna.

In Tuesday night's sitting of the Senate the bills voted
by the Corps Legislatif granting supplementary
credits were unanimously adopted. In the Corps
Legislatif the bill prohibiting the publication of
news of military operations was passed by 209
against 10 votes. The extraordinary budget of the
City of Paris, with an amendment increasing by 38 mil-
lions the sum granted for public works, was also unani-
mcusly adopted.

It is stated that all Prussian Consuls will be requested
to leave French territory.

EASTWARD HO !

PARIS, TUESDAY.

It is now finally settled that the Emperor will
accompany the army to the field in person, and so will
his son. The sovereign will take the command of his
troops, though whether this leadership will be only nominal
and the real direction of affairs will devolve upon
Marshal M`Mahon, remains to be seen. His Majesty's
health, though much better than it was, still leaves much
to be desired. A little while ago he could not mount a
horse at all ; and even now this kind of exercise is most
trying to him. To prolong it for any length of time is out
of the question. The Emperor will, therefore, most likely
campaign en voiture ; and he may content himself with a
general surveillance, leaving the more immediate direction of
affairs to his marshals. M`Mahon, to whom—there is no
denying it—the destinies of France am in a mea-
sure committed, has already gone to the front, and
taken up his quarters at Nancy. This town
will form the centre of the French line on the right, as
Metz Will be the centre on the left. M`Mahon is an able
general, and his public performances, if one may use a
phrase which has been appropriated by sporting tipsters,
place him above any of his French contemporaries, and
upon a level with the foremost German soldiers of the
day. He it was who took the Malakoff, and
kept it in spite of every resistance. His
services in Algeria in 1857 was also striking.
In 1859 he established his military renown by his splendid
performances as commander of the second army corps at
the battle of Magenta. Since 1864 he has been Governor-
General of Algeria, a post where he has been required to
display abilities rather of administration than of military
strategy. Bazaine is well known for his achieve-
ments, far from unsullied, in Mexico. But whatever may
be thought of the moral aspect of his doings whilst com-
manding the unfortunate expedition in support of the
Latin Empire, there can be little question that both here
and in the Crimea, where he commanded a brigade of in-
fantry, he proved himself a good soldier. Canrobert was
commander-in-chief for a short time in the Crimea, but
soon gave place to Pelissier, After that he commanded
the first corps. Both at Magenta and Solferino he
rendered great services. General Bourbaki is of Greek
origin. He became general of brigade in 1854 and
general of division in 1857. At the Alma, at Inker-
mann, and at the assault upon Sebastopol, he rendered
good service. He likewise served in Italy, though
of course in all these cases he had no com-
mand which allowed of much scope for military
display. In 1869 he was appointed to the command of
the second camp at Chalons ; later in the same year he
became aide-de-camp to the Emperor ; and he will now
take the head of the Imperial Guard as the reserve of the
Rhine army. The Count de Palikao is a veteran,
He was born in 1796. He served in Algeria in
1836 and following years. In 1860 he commanded
the famous expedition which, in conjunction with the
English, carried the standards of civilisation into the very
heart of the Chinese Empire. The capture of the Peiho
forts, the victory of Palikao (whence this general,
whose name is Cousin Montauban, took his
title), and the destruction of the Summer Palace,
are among the most romantic of the episodes of war oc-
curring during the last few years. In 1862 Count Palikao
was the subject of a severe dispute in the Corps Ldgislatif,
that body daring to display one of its rare fits of
opposition to a proposal of the Emperor to grant the veteran
a sum of money. In 1860, when Palikao was made Grand
Cross of the Legion of Honour, he had seen forty-two
years of service, and had served in twenty-eight cam-
paigns. He now takes the command of the 2nd army
corps. General Frossard became general of brigade in
May, 1855. He served in Italy in 1859, and in 1867 be-
came Governor of the Prince Imperial. He now takes
the 3rd army corps. General De Failly was made
general of brigade in August, 1854. He served in the
Crimea, and distinguished himself at the battle of the
Alma, the fight of the bridge of Traktir, and the capture
of the Mamelon—the work which stood in the way of the
operations against the Malakoff. He became general o:

division in Sept., 1855. In the Italian war he commanded
a part of Marshal Niel's corps, and rendered striking
services at Magenta and Solferino. He was destined,
however, to attract most attention by his part in a very
different transaction. In 1867 he was placed at the head
of the expedition sent to Rome to defend the dominions
of the Holy Father from the Garibaldians. He com-
manded at Mentana. It was in this battle that the Chas-
sepot was first tried in earnest, and General de Failly
sent back the famous report of its success—" fit merveille."
In October 1869 he replaced Marshal Bazaine as com-
mander of the army corps at Nancy. He will now take
the fifth corps.

The movement to the Eastern frontier still goes on
rapidly and slowly. It is rapid, because the utmost exer-
tions are made to get men and material to the front; it
is slow because no exertions whatever will suffice to accu-
mulate on the frontier such an immense force, with its
appurtenances, in less than a week or more. The rail-
way companies are doing all they can. An im-
mense number of carriages have been lent to the
Eastern Company by those whose lines are less in re-
quest; the luggage vans have been made " suitable for
passengers ;" but still the work is one of time, though it is
wonderful how fast the ordes assembled round the capital
have been got off, The Imperial Guard is leaving
this evening. Most of the barracks are already empty and
the doors fastened up. The lazy life of show allotted to
this fine corps for so many years has come to an end. It
is now required to maintain its ancient traditions. The
second battalion of the first regiment of Turcos has also
gone off this evening. The first battalion of the same
regiment has just landed at Marseilles, and is making its
way to the north east. In short, the whole army of
Paris, except the Imperial Guard has left. Some
other regiments will, however, arrive in the
capital en route. From the South we hear
that all the troops from Algiers have landed in France,
and all those from the remainder of Algeria are embarked.
Soon the colony will be in the same position as Paris.
Further detail apart; all France is on the tramp, and the
marching and the despatching of railway trains will con-
tinue in all probability for the next four days
to be the sole source of excitement for
this expectant people. The Government are determined
not to strike rashly. The Emperor, it is now said, will
not leave before Monday (of course, nobody is told when
he will leave) and even the commander of the Cherbourg
fleet has not yet started.
The public here has calmed down much since its ebulli-

tions of last week. There is nothing as yet to keep up
enthusiasm. People are looking anxiously forward to the
first operations ; and in the meanwhile are beginning to re-
flect a little more coolly on the logic, the reason, and the pos-
sible consequences of this rash appeal to arms. No doubt
the patriotic determination of the journals not to publish
news of the war which may be of service to the
enemy, and the determination of the Government
to prevent such publication if the journals are
not patriotic enough to refrain of their own accord, are
very wise ; but such a precaution is not without a special
danger of its own. It leaves room for reflection. And
hence a strong reaction is setting in. The demonstrations
in the public streets have grieviously fallen off, in fact the
police have forbidden them, and the peace party can now
speak its mind unchecked. Unfortunately it is too
late. The die is cast. This very day are we all
aroused to a sense of our duty by the news that
the formal declaration of war has reached Berlin, and has
been presented to the King by Count Wimpffen, Secre-
tary of the French Embassy at Berlin. The declaration
was made, says the Liberte, "officially, and with a certain
solemnity." King William, after hearing the reading of
the document, embraced his son with emotion, in the
presence of the surrrounding courtiers, and said that he
committed himself to the grace of God.
STRASBOURG, MONDAY.
Last night the streets were thronged with people, and