The Sun.
London, England, 1848-03-01 00:00:00

LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, _ IVIIA R 0 El 1, 1640.

ing of the proofs of the existence of a GOD,—
" Prove to. you GoD ! Were Ito ,attempt to
do so, you would have a right to call • me parri-
cide and sacrilegious ! If I dared to undertake to
demonstrate to you GOD, the gates of this cathedral
would open of themselves and show you this people,
superb in its anger, carrying GOD to his altar in
the midst of respect and adoration ! " Well might
the auditory forget for a moment the sanctity of the
place in their emotion while listening to the impas-
sioned voice of the Dominican, and testify the
ardour of their sympathies by loud and prolonged
acclamations

From all classes, and parties, and nations, and in-
dividuals, the Provisional Government of the Re-
public are receiving expressions of confidence and
adhesion. Lord PALMERSTON acknowledged last
night, in the House of Commons, the receipt of dis-
patches from the British Ambassador at Paris (Lord
NORMANDY) notifying, in respectful language, the
establishment of the Republican Government. Already
the Charge d'Affaires from the Republic of the United
states had himself paid a congratulatory visit to the
new Ministry at the Hotel de Ville; and the Papal
Nuncio had responded, on the 27th ultimo, to the
communication from M. de LAMARTINE, announcing '
the formation of a Republic, his reply being couched
in words expressive of friendship and cordiality.
" Monsieur le Ministre" wrote the Nuncio, "I have
the honour to acknowledge the receipt of the commu-
nication which you have just made to me, under date
the 27th February, and I will hasten to transmit it
to our most Holy Father Pius IX. I cannot refrain from
profiting by this opportunity of expressing the lively
and profound satisfaction with which I am inspired
by the respect which the people of Paris have shown
to religion in the midst of the great events which
have just been accomplished. I am convinced that
the paternal heart of Pius IX. will be profoundly
touched by it, and that the common father of the
faithful will call down, in all his prayers, the
blessings of GOD on France." Such is the language
of the representative of the Sovereign PoNTIFF, and
the language employed by the survivors of the
Imperial Family is not less emphatic in its ap-
proval of the popular movement. " The nation
has just destroyed the treaties of 1815,"
writes the ex-King of WESTPHALIA ; " and the
old soldier of Waterloo, the last brother of
NAPOLEON, re-enters from that moment the bosom
of ;he great family." Another document had ar-
rived at the HOtel de Ville, the closing paragraph of
which was thus expressed —" The duty of every good
citizen is to assemble round the Provisional Govern-
ment of the Republic. I consider it the first duty
to be discharged, and shall be happy if my patriotism
can be usefully employed." This laconic bit mode-
rate and suggestive letter is signed with the startling
adfograph—NAPOLEON BONAPARTE—being the act
of adhesion sent in by the Prince who re-
cently escaped from the fortifications of Ham,
and who has thus expiated his adventure at Bou-
logne. Among the more important accessions to the
supporters of the Provisional Government must be
mentioned, of course, M. ADOLPHE TRIERS and hi-.
political adherents, together with M. ODILON BARaOT
and his usociates. Even the declai ed obedience of
Marshal BUGEAUD is a circumstance not unworthy
of consideration, as betraying the contagion (to say
the lea•:t of it) of this recognizance of the sovereignty
of the people. The basis of the new Government
in fact essentially a basis of popularity ; and, although
sufficient time has not yet elapsed to enable us to esti-
mate the capacities of the provisional Ministers in the
art of administration, we must confess that as yet they
have proved themselves eminently qualified fur their
responsible and illustrious offices. Never have men
so little accustomed to the labour of government so
speedily adapted their energies to the necessity of the
occasion. Pray GOD! the poet, the astronomer, the
historian, the journalist, and the artisan may continue
to prove themselves capable of ensuring peace and
happiness to the Republic !

Intelligence has arrived from Vienna. Disturb•
ances have taken place in Styria, in Bergamo, and in
Venice. Additional troops have been ordered into
Lombardy and Styria. The Imperial Family have
placed a sum of 100 million florins at the disposal of
the Minister of Finance.

The official Gazette of Rome, of the 14th February,
announces that the POPE has appointed a Commission
to consider the best methods to be adopted for de-
veloping the institutions already awarded to the
people, and to propose a system of Government that
shall be accordant at the same time with the Pon-
tifical authority and with the wants of the time.
The ,Patria of Florence states, that the only
Cardinal who, in the Secret Consistory, opposed the
grant of a constitution was Cardinal BERNETTI, who
said, " That they ought not by a stroke of the pen to
destroy an edifice the work of so many ages ;" to
which Pius IX. replied in these remarkable words—
"lt is exactly old buildiegs that most need new
foundations." Rome will have a constitution.

We have received the Madrid journals and our
private correspondence of the 20th and 21st Feb.

Mr. HENDERSON has had different interviews both
with NAEVABZ and Senor BERTEAN DE Lis, the
results of which, though reported to be favourable,
have not transpired.
MADRID BOLSA, FEB 21.—Three per Cents., 294
for cash, and 29k at 50 days; Four per Cents., 164
cash; Debt without interest, 6 at 50 days; Coupons,
12 for paper.

LA TEST NEWS FROM NEWHAVEN
(From the Fourth Edition of the Sussex Advertiser.)
TUESDAY EVENING, EIGHT O'CLOCE.—The infor-
mation brought by our reporter from Newhaven con-
firms the statement given in an earlier edition. The
Brighton and the Newhaven steamers left Newhaven
last evening with the tide at half-past seven, to pro-
c,..ed to Havre. Those vessels are, we learn, dis-
patched under Admiralty orders. By the half-past
four train this afternoon, instructions were reeeived
at the Newhaven station, that the vessels were
expected to return this evening, and orders were
issued to have an engine and special train in
waiting. The commander of the Newhaven, Cap-
tain Frost, was in London when sailing orders
were received yesterday, and only reached New-
haven by a special train in time to see his gallant
vessel steaming out of the harbour. Captain Frost
takes command of the Dieppe, which was " coaled"
this afternoon, and which will leave for Havre by
the next tide. The weather has been terrible ; the
whole afternoon it has been blowing a regular gale.
Had any vessels made for this port, it would have
been out of the question to attempt to enter in such
a hurricane. The storm has, however, since subsided,
and when our reporter left Newhaven the weather
was comparatively calm. No steamer had been ob.
served off this coast to- day. The opinion of seafaring
men is, that the Brighton and the Newhaven will, it
they have put to sea at all, make either for Ports-
mouth or Southampton. They would hardly attempt
Shoreham harbour.

We learn also by this arrival that Lady Mary Fitzroy
had had an alarming attack of illness, but was some-
thing better when this account came away. It was
reported to be the intention of her ladyship, by the
advice of her medical attendants, to return to England
for change of climate ; and it was also rumoured that
his Excellency the Governor would tender the resig-
tion of his office, in order to accompany her ladyship
to her native land.—Herald.

THE FRENCH REPUBLIC.

PROCEEDINGS AT PARIS.

We have received the Paris papers of yesterday.

Everything was quiet, and trade and business was
going on as usual. The Boulevards and cafes had
assumed their usual appearance, and flaneurs were
lounging about the streets as though nothing had
happened. The Pore's Nuncio had sent a friendly
answer to the notification made by M. LAMARTINE,
of the peaceful intentions of the French nation. The
Marquis of NORMANDY also had had a long and
friendly interview with M. LAMARTINZ, and the Go-
vernment entertained no doubt of the friendly inten-
tions of England. The following article, explaining
the future policy of France, appears in the .IVational,
of which paper M. ARMAND MARRAST, a member of
the Provisional Government, is the editor :

"It is useful to examine the situation of the French
Republic witb respect to foreign powers. Never
have the relations of nations been so close, never
ought the counter-blows to be so deeply felt in
the west, and never have any blows been struck of
greater violence than that which has just carried off
the dynasty of Orleans, and with it the monarchy.
FL ance, contemplated at present with admiration and
astonishment by nations, will become their guiding-
light from the moment that the new republic will
have surmounted the difficulties which encompass it.
Amongst these difficulties are the foreign relations.
Three alternatives are possible :—Shall we be at-
tacked ? —shall we attack ?—or, lastly, shall we re-
main in an expectant state ? First of all—shall we
be attacked ? It is only necessary to cast a glance
over Europe to comprehend how unlikely that is.
Let us take one by one the three Northern Powers,
th )se to whom the event of our three days will be
the most displeasing, and let us see what they can
really do against us. Austria has in her face the
whole of Italy, which is arming and preparing for
the struggle, and which, if there was a war against
us, would be a powerful auxiliary to France. An
Austrian army occupies Lombardy, and Lombardy
at each instant menaces her oppressors with an
insurrection. On the flank of Austria, and
stretching forth the hand to Italy, lies Switzer-
land, radical, victorious over the Sonderbund, and
wholly devoted to the popular cause. There, from
the summit of her mountains, as from the top of
an impregnable fortress, she would disquiet and im-
pede any military demonstration on the part of
Austria, and would render the situation perilous.
Austria has plenty to do to maintain her statu quo,
and consequently it is improbable that she will first
give the signal of battle. The great German Power,
Prussia, is not certainly in the presence of an Italy
calling for arms to maintain her liberty, but she has
not the advantage of being free in her movements.
Who is there that is not aware how much revolu-
tionary and social ideas have advanced in Germany,
and who does not foresee what an impulse they will
receive from the triumph obtained by Paris ? The
Prussian Government is about to find itself in pre-
sence of the increasing exigencies of that assembly,
which it consults, and of German public opinion, of
which the voice becomes every day louder
and louder. On what grounds could it decide
the Germans to invade our provinces, and to
wage war on us when we do nothing to them ?
We are satisfied with our power, glorious of the
example which we are giving to the world, proud of
the sacrifices which we are making for general
civilisation, and we oLly ask to resolve amongst our,
selves the difficult problems which arise. Never, on
such conditions, will Germany be induced to come
against us. Russia then remains, lying away far in
the north. But what can she do if she is deprived of
Germany ? And besides, is Fhe not occupied enough
in keeping down Poland, which has not renounced
her claim to nationality, and which will soon gather
hope from the cry that has burst forth on the banks
of the Seine ? Let us therefore allow -to vanish, like
a phantom, these plans of coalition against us ; and
let not our ideas in that respect be troubled by any
remembrance of 1814 and 1815. Then, by the mist
disastrous of mistakes, we had for adversaries, be-
sides the kings, our natural enemies, the populations,
who, in exasperation at the conquests of Napo-
leon, precipitated themselves on us. At present
nothing is more clear than our position ; we
are friends of the populations, and the populations
know lit—the kings will not succeed in de-
ceiving any one ou so manifest a matter. Shall we
attack ? That would be a capital fault ; and there-
by we would afford a pretext for all kinds of calum-
nies. The reminiscences of the past would be turned
against us, our ambition would be pointed to, our
spirit of conquest would be accused, the chord of
national pride would be touched, and soon we should
be misrepresented in the minds of the nations which
are at present so much in favour of France, and so
confident in her. The fatal dissensions which brought
about the fall of the empire would be renewed, and
the fraternity of nations would be broken. An ex-
pectant state, therefore, is the course which it is
important for us to follow ; it is the policy which
will save our interests and those of Europe. We
shall in that state behold events proceeding—we
shall recognise amongst the nations those which have
the greatest tendency to renew their social state,
and we shall not in any way trouble by an in-
opportune intervention the work of ideas which is
enfranchising them. Our example, our moral sup-
port, are sufficient to modify Europe ; our arms would
only serve to retard this modification and in-
terrupt its regular course. But there is a case in
which, of all necessity, it would be necessary to quit
an expectant state • and that would be, if Austria,
not confining herself to remaining on the defensive,
should of herself attack and invade Italy. Whether
she marches on Tuscany, Rome, or Naples, or sends
forces against Piedmont, the French Republic would
be under a strict obligation to oppose that act of
aggression and violence, and offer to Italy the aid of
an army and a fleet. Not that we consider the
Italians as weak and incapable of defending them-
selves, but the struggle would be doubtful, and it is
important that it should not be so. They must
permit their friends in France to share their dangers
and to pay to Italy the debt of gratitude for all the
blood which the Italians have shed in the French
ranks."

The Northern Railway is re-opened.
M. THIIIRS and the Members of the Centre and
Extreme Left have given in their adhesion to the
Provisional Government.

The Republic has been accepted at Toulouse.
The Constitutionnel emphatically denies that the
people, on Tuesday last, called out for GUIZOT'S
head. They were not, says the Constitutionnel,
animated by personal resentment, unworthy of our
epoch and of our nation, but by a desire of protesting
in favour of a right trampled under foot.
Prince JEROME BONAPARTE and Prince Louis
NAPOLEON have smt in their adhesion to the new
Government.

The Moniteur publishes the following decrees and
addresses of the Provisional Government :
" FRENCH REPUBLIC.
" LIBERTY, EQUALITY, FRATERNITY.
" The Provisional Government having been in-
formed that malefactors have gone to various points
to devastate public and private property, burn
bridges, cut off the great lines of communication so
necessary for provisioning Paris, and to interrupt the
circulation of the railways, declares :
" Public and private properties, bridges, roads,
railways, monuments, are placed under the safe keep-
ing of the Republic.
Whoever shall be caught committing any ravages
on the public roads, or snaking any attacks on private
property, destroying, or cutting off the rails of the
railways, injuring objects of public utility, will be
instantly arrested, prosecuted, and punished according
to the laws, particularly the law established for the
police of the railways, with all the rigour authorised
by the circumstances of the case.
" Citizens,—The destruction of property is always
an odious act; under existing circumstances it is
treason against the Republic. Lend, therefore, your
vigilant and active concurrence ; in defending your-
selves you defend the sacred interests of the country."
(Signed by the Members of Provisional Government.)
The Provisional Government decrees :
"Art. I.—There shall be immediately organized
companies of workmen.—l. To clear away the cut-
ting of Clamart, and carry the earth into Paris in
order to prepare a terminus for the Western Railway
between the external tunnel and the Boulevard; 2.
For the execution of the Paris terminus of the
Chartres Railway ; 3. For the improvement of the
navigation of the Oise ; 4. For the extension of the
railway from Sceaux to Orsay. Art. 2.—The en-
gineers charged with the direction of the works will
demand the immediate co-operation of the railway
companies to secure the execution of the preceding
arrangements."
(Signed by the Members of the Provisional Go-
vernment.)
The Minister of Public Works, in conformity
with the decree of the Provisional Government, or-
dains as follows :
" All the works on buildings and public edifices
undertaken at the charge of the State, with the ex-

ception of the works, on the forts, will be immediately
resumed. The contractors of those different works
are therefore called upon to organize their different
work -yard s.
°• Payments on account will be made monthly, ac-
cording to the degree of progress given to the works."
" MARIE."

IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT.

(THIS DAY.)

HOUSE OF COMMONS.

The SPBAKER took the Chair at Twelve o'clock ;
it was, however, a quarter-past that hour before the
requisite number of Members to form a House were
in attendance.

PATENT GALVANIZED IRON COMPANY.

. On the motion of Mr. COBBOLD, the petition of
Henry Patteson, Esq., praying to be hear,' by counsel
against the Patent Galvanized Iron Company trading
under the style or firm of " Malins and Rawlinsons"
Bill, and the Patent Galvanized Iron Company (in
corporation of company, with powers to hold lands,
to raise money by loan, and to purchase letters patent)
Bill, was referred to the Committee on the Bills.
INCOME-TAX.

Mr. R. YORKE presented a petition from York
against the increase or continuance of the income-
tax.

Captain PECHELL presented a petition from
Brighton to a similar effect.
Mr. COMPTON also presented a petition from
some place in Hampshire to the same effect.
PUNISHMENT OF DEATH.

Colonel TYNTE presented a petition from Bridg-
water, praying the House to abolish the punishment
of death for capital offences.
CHARTIST LAND COMPANY.

Mr. F O'CONNOR presented several petitions in
favour of the Bill for the legalization of the Chartist
Land Company.
IRISH EVICTIONS.

Mr. P. SCROPE said that he wished to make to
the House a statement of facts, which he had received
from Mr. Tuite, who had just returned from a visit
to the spot, from which, on a former occasion, he
(Mr. P. Scrope) had stated that upwards of 140
persons were evicted in the most cruel and summary
manner by Mr. Walsh, aided by the military force.
The statement which he had originally made
was not perfectly accurate in all its details
with respect to Mr. Walsh, but the main
facts were as he had stated them. The
whole of the village now presented a scene of
the utmost desolation; upwards of eighty cottagers
were driven from their peaceful homes, their cottages
were pulled down, and even the temporary erections
which they had made to shield them from the incle-
mency of the weather had also been destroyed, not a
vestige of them remaining. These evictions took
place under the direction of Mr. Walsh, and he had
heard, upon the best authority, that that gentleman
was at the time in arrears of his poor-rates, and that
he was now being sued by the authorities for two
years' arrears of his rates. This was a state of things
which should not be allowed to exist.—(Hear, hear,)
If one person was able to depopulate a whole village,
and to drive six hundred or seven hundred persons
from their homes, then three or four such persons
joining together would be able to clear a whole
province. Another circumstance which made the
case even still worse was, that these fearful
evictions were carried on by the assistance of the
police and military, acting under the direction of the
Government. Such conduct was unworthy of a
civilised country, and they would expect to hear of
such things only in Algiers or among the Kafirs.
_ _

Mr. MsONSELL said that he was surprised that,
with the knowledge of the Hon. Member on this
fearful state of things, he should have voted as he
did last night against the motion for a Select Com-
mittee to inquire into the operation of the poor-law
in Ireland.—(Hear, hear.)
sir G. GREY thought that it would be unwise,

without any general notice, to enter into any die •
cussion on the debate of last night. He believed that
no right-minded person could approve of such scenes
as had been described by the Hon Member. He
wa3 not in a position to give any opinion as to the
accuracy of the statement made by the Hon. Member
with respect to the evictions he had alluded to. He
would simply state, in answer to the Hon. Member,
that the Government did not lend the aid of the
police or the military to these evictions ; they were
only employed for the purpose of keeping order, and
putting down any breach of the peace that might
arise.

Mr. TATTON EGERTON deprecated the grow-
ing custom of bringing forward in a desultory man
ner debates without proper notice having been given
upon the subject.
Mr. S. O'BRIEN stated that the division of last
night showed that there were sixty-one Irish Mem-
bers who voted in favour of the Committee and only
eight against it, three of whom were officials con-
nected with the Government. It was a most absurd
thing to call Irish Members over to this country, and
then treat all their propositions with such perfect
disregard. The people of Ireland were starving, and
it was now complained by the Hon. Member who
had just addressed the House that the subject of
Irish grievances had been brought before the attention
of the House.—(Hear, hear.) What would the
people of Ireland think of such a state of things,
when they found that the House would not listen to
the statements of their Members with respect to their
grievances ?—(Hear, hear.)
Mr. F. O'CONNOR said that he had long been of
opinion that it was necessary to make some alteration
in the existing laws of landlord and tenant in Ireland.
Mr. STAFFORD regretted the delay to public
business which was caused by desultory debates of
this nature. The Hon. Member, who had renewed
the charges to-day which he had before repeated, and
then contradicted, seemed to have studied to some
advantage the precedents in the country to which he
had alluded, and he trusted that this system of Parlia-
mentary murder adopted by the Hon. Member would
have its due weight with the public, who would, no
doubt, know full well what credence to attach to
charges brought unexpectedly against absent gen-
tlemen.—(Hear, hear.)
After a few words from Mr. Wakley, Mr. C.
Anstey, Mr. Sharman Crawford, Mr. O'Flaherty,
Mr. Poulett Scrope, and Colonel Dunne, the subject
dropped.
NOTTINGHAM ELECTION.

The SPEAKER informed the House that he had
received a communication from the agents of the
parties complaining of the election for Nottingham,
that they did not intend to proceed with their petition.