The Sun.
London, England, 1848-04-19 00:00:00


tagonisms of opinion are in both instances con- I
spicuous, but in both instances likewise the over-
whelming preponderance of the Moderate Republicans
is equally conspicuous. With the National
Assembly will repose the responsibility of weeding
the Government, of discarding whatsoever is
pernicious, and of nominating to the glorious digni-
ties of the Republican Administration only such men
as France and Europe can regard with a supreme
and unreserved CONFIDENCE. Such a man may
LOUIS BLANC yet prove himself to be, such also may
be ALBERT, and perhaps, by a sort of political miracle,
FERDINAND FLOCON himself. But LEDRU ROLLIN !
the man who has evinced all the ambition but not
one jot of the courage to render himself the Dictator
of the Capital and the Departments : LEDRU
ROLLIN !—the outcast of O'CONNELL—the panegyrist
of our trumpery National Convention—the physical
force advocate of Paris ! Of such a man's sound and
secure conversion to moderate ideas in legislation
we despair. In spite of the positive declaration of
me of our contemporary correspondents (writing from
Paris, at noon yesterday) —" I have just heard from
pod authority that a perfectly good understanding
:low really subsists between M. LEDRU ROLLIN and all
his colleagues of the Provisional Government"—we
.annot credit the cordiality or permanence of that
reconciliation. Every incident in the political life of
:he Provisional Minister of the Interior justifies this
suspicion. Let the Parisians remain vigilant, for the
anarchists are plotting !

dogne says, " A striking fact has just occurred at
Nontron. M. CHARLES MONTAGUT, the Government
commissary, being at a banquet which was offered to
him by the inhabitants, proposed a toast to the health
of M. LEDRU ROLLIN. The entire assembly replied
with the cry of Vive LAMARTINE:
The following admirable article, which is attributed
to the pen of M. TRIERS, appears in the Constitu-
tionnel, on the subject of M. LEDRU ROLLIN'S last
Bulletin :

duce them to make the concessions that have
been demanded—concessions be it remembered, which
imply the dismemberment of the empire—but to resist
them to the very uttermost, to expose their country
to all the horrors of
" Civil dissension, with its vip'rous tooth,
That gnaws the bowels of the commonweal—
to carry on a " war to the knife" with England and
the friends of the British connexion in Ireland—to
have blood flowing in the streets, and a total suspension
of those works of industry that can alone work the
regeneration of their country, and develop its hidden
resources to the utmost extent. Surely no well-dis-
posed person will say that it was not time for the
Executive to interpose, or that in so doing they have
in any manner unduly interfered with the liberty of
the subject.
We do not desire that the unfortunate men who
have been led astray by such outrageous counsels, and
who have thereby exposed themselves to the penalties
of the law, should be too severely dealt with in the
first instance, or that the provisions of the salutary
statute should on the present occasion be enforced
with the utmost stringency ; we would gladly see
those persons permitted to escape unharmed, it they
make a prompt submission and pledge themselves
solemnly that they will not again offend in like manner.
The law had to a certain extent become obsolete and
fallen into deitietude. For many years no prosecu-
tion had been instituted founded on its enactments,
for happily there had been no occasion for such an
appeal to the tribunals of the country. The Liberator
of his country had ever disavowed the sanguinary
doctrines of the present school of physical force poli-
ticians. His triumphs were gained by moral force
alone. They were won by sound arguments, by
powerful reasoning, by appeals to the immutable
principles of truth and justice. They were not
stained or tarnished by the shedding of one drop of
human blood, and no v idow or orphan could have
justly accused him as being in any the slightest degree
instrumental in leading to the loss of the husband or
father. But that great man has passed from
amongst us, his memory alone remains to his
country, and it does not speak highly
for the gratitude of the people of whom he
was for so many years the acknowledge(' leader, that
they have so speedily forgotten his counsels, and de-
serted the paths by which they achieved so many
bloodless victories. The men, who would fain occupy
the proud position he had attained, but who are
wholly inadequate thereto, have endeavoured to con-
ceal- their incapacity by using truculent and blood-
thirsty language ; in place of moderating the passions
of the excitable multitude, and exhorting them to a
strict obedience to the law, they have inflamed their
minds with revolutionary harangues, and have urged
the violation of public order, and of every law
by which it has been secured. O'CONNELL im-
plored his countrymen to abstain from meeting
with arms, knowing that from their ardent tem-
perament irreparable mischief might be occa-
sioned to the cause he advocated. The
Confederates of the present day recommend a
totally cpposite course. Hence, those provisions which,
during his lifetime, were practically useless, are now es-
sential to the safety of the country, but we would
not have any persons punished under a law of which
they were ignorant. The prosecutions that have al-
ready taken place will act as beacons to warn others
from danger. Let those persons, then, be dismissed
(after conviction) with a merely nominal punishment,
but let it be fully understood that no such plea will
be available for future offenders, but that hencefor-
ward every transgressor will be treated with the ut-
most rigour of the law.

" What is this publication? It appears in a semi-
periodical manner. It is posted on the walls. It is
printed on white paper, a colour exclusively reserved
for official placards. It has reached its sixteenth
number, and has never been signed. Is it a journal, an
expression of individual opinion? But the decree which
abolished the caution money and the stamps has not
authorised the suppression of the name of the responsible
editor. Every journal remains under the guarantee of
the responsibility
tY of the party who signs it. The
Prefect respwould not allow private handbills to
oof
Police
usurp the colour which constitutes the ostensible cha-
racter of public announcements. The Government
would not permit any citizen to put Ministirre do
l'lnterieur ' at the bead of such proclamations. Every-
thing, therefore, seems to indicate that this Bulletin
emanates from an official source. And, nevertheless,
when one sees that the document is anonymous, it
cannot be believed that M. Ledru Rollin is the
author of it. He signs boldly; and then what
circulars are his? When one has read this pro-
clamation, one can scarcely believe that it can
be his. Is it. in fact, to be credited that a member
of the Previsional Government would dare to put
forth the principles, give the advice, and fulminate the
threats contained in this indescribable document ?
What ! 'if the departments do not cause to triumph in
the elections what you call la mite sociale, there will be
only one means of safety, which would be for the people
of Paris to manifest their will a second time, and to ad-
journ the decisions of a false national representation.
Paris rightly regards itself as the representative of all
the population of the national territory ; and, if it can-
not persuade, it will have the pain of conquering.'
Such are your principles and your threats. Never at
any period did a counter-revolutionary spirit make a
more audacious attack on the freedom of elections.
What ! Is it on the eve of the day when the whole
people are about for the first time to exercise their
rights that you place all the committees of France under
the cannon of Paris I You tell them, in the name of the
capital,' Your vote or your life !' for what you say is to
wish to deprive the country of the political lite to which
it has just given birth I It is the dismissal, en masse, of
the citizens. The idea had been entertained of threat-
ening the dismissal of independent functionaries ; but it
had never been imagined to threaten an independent
nation with depriving it of its sovereignty. This,
however, is what is done by the bulletin, in begging
the citizens of the departments to resign themselves to
persuasion, and to spare Paris the pain of conquering.
And to conquer whom ? The whole of France, if
it be not wise! From whence proceeds, we ask, this
monstrous doctrine which makes Paris alone the supreme
interpreter of the will of all the nation? In what law is
it written that a city, however enlightened and patriotic
it may be, shall transform itself into the supreme arbiter,
in a political sense, of all the great State of which it
forms a part ? By uttering such a blasphemy the lie is
given to all the liberal expressions delivered by the Pro-
visional Government to the deputation which came to it
to demand the postponement of the elections. " The
will of Paris," all the Members of the Government,
including M. Ledru Rollin, replied, " cannot have the
authority of the will expressed by the whole nation."
That truth has been reiterated under every form, and
now it is sought to force on the whole body of French
citizens the reforming and dictatorial power of Paris.
But has Paris any right to use such language towards
France ? Paris noes not wish for the impious dicta-
torship which is attributed to it, and it authorises no
one to take it on himself in its name. The citizens of
Paris only see in France brothers, and not vassals who
depend on its political justice. The national guards
of Paris, that is to say the whole population, do not
consider they have received arms to conquer their fellow-
citizens in the provinces—to make slaves of those who
are beyond the boundaries of their city. These words
of the bulletin will be, thank God, repudiated by
France as by Paris. The concord which is in their
hearts will destroy the odious germ of division. At the
same time that Paris believes in the Republican feeling
of departmental France, the tatter confides in the
liberalism and loyalty of the Parisian population.
Never have the department heard Paris boast of posses-
sing, alone, the formula of social verity, and imposing
on the other parts of France the tyrannical alternative
of either rallying round it or compelling itself to be
conquered. Where is your social verity ? Who gives
to one more than to another the right of being a judge
of it ? Beyond the national sovereignty expressed by
the majority of the citizens of all France there is only
the doctrine of divine right I The divine right of
whom ? Paris does not say that she possesses it. In
whom is it then? Where is this Messiah of sccial verity?
We only see it too well—the dictatorship of Paris will
be yours, anonymous dictators of the Bulletin ! This is
why we say that those men of pretended violent &Imo-
cratic opinions are only in reality purely counter-revo-
tiomery. They say that Paris may wish to change the
form of the electoral rights. But that form is universal
suffrage. To change is to restrict it. The first per-
spective then which dictatorship shows is a diminution
of liberty; but what is that diminution, since before
restricting that liberty by a new law they suppress it by
violence? To sum up, this bulletin, which appears to
emanate from authority, the duty of which is to make
the rights of the country respected, and to secure by
concord the safety of the Republic, this bulletin exagge-
rates, to the length of the absurd and the odious, the
rights of one part of the population; it annuls the rights
of the other; it sows the seeds of division and civil war;
it contains the most absolute denial of national sove-
reignty, that is to say, the negation of the Republic
itself, which is the free and sincere government of all by
all, and not by one man or by a minority. If this bul-
letin is the private work of a citizen, we ask whether
laws no linger exist?"
The Reforme publishes the following address to
the Government, from the delegates of the Cor-
poration of Workmen assembled at the Champ de
Mars :

The Security of the Crown and Government Bill last
night passed the House of Commons, the third
reading having been carried by a majority of 255.
The debate of last evening—the last debate upon an
apparently most coercive measure—was rendered
eminently satisfactory by affording an opportunity
:'or the expression of most liberal sentiments and
most encouraging assurances on the parts of the late
and the present Prime Ministers.
In reference to the advice so frequently given to
the Government, that they should propose remedial
rather than coercive measures, Lord J. RUSSELL
mph atic al 1 y and explicitly declared, that so far from
being averse to the consideration of such (remedial)
measures, he intended, immediately after the Easter
reefs!, to proceed with those questions which relate
to the political state of Ireland. And not only, he
added, was it the intention of the Government to pro-
pose such measures themselves, but they would
be prepared to give every attention to any similar
measures proposed by the Irish Members. " Let any
Hon. Member," said Lord J. RUSSELL last night,
" bring forward such propositions as may tend, in his
opinion, to the advantage of Ireland, and to any pro-
position which may be supported by the great
majority of the Irish Members, having for its object
to improve the laws of the country, the situation of
landlord and tenant, or to remove any social or
political grievance under which they think they
labour, I shall be ready to listen." It is earnestly
to be desired that, instead of promoting dissatisfac-
tion among their countrymen, the Irish Members
may take Lord Jour RUSSELL at his word, and
bring forward, in their places in Parliament,
those measures which the exigencies of the country
may require. It would, however, be infinitely more
desirable were the Government to forestal such
propositions by themselves introducing the ne-
cessary refurms, as Lord JOHN RUSSELL'S assurance
leads us to anticipate. But the Security Bill, the
passing of which gave occasion for those encouraging
promises to Ireland, relates, be it remembered, to
England as well as Ireland, and hence the promises
of remedial as well as coercive measures must be
understood (let us hope) as applying to England as
%v'sll as Ireland, and the chatlenge to the Liberal
Members to come forward and propose beneficial re-

forms, relying upon the consideration, if not the co
operation of the Government, will, or should
have the effect of instigating fresh exertions
on the part of the representatives of the people.
Sir R. PEEL has hitherto given a silent support to
the Government measure; last night, however, he
enforced that support with an eloquent assurance of his
concurrence in the views of the Government on this
subject. Frequent as have been the occasions on
which the Right lion. Member for Tamworth has
addressed the House of Commons, seldom has he
addressed them in a more earnest and animated dis-
course than that of last evening, seldom have his
expressions been conceived in a happier spirit. And
seldom, be it especially remarked, has he given utter-
ance to more liberal sentiments than those with which
he qualified his approbation of a coercive mea-
sure. In the commencement of his speech Sir
R. PEEL drew the following very correct distinction
between patriots of the school of HAMPDEN and
SYDNEY, and of that of O'BuxErt, MBAGHER, and
MITCHELL :—" I make great allowance for those
who, inspired by an ardent love of liberty, are ready
to sacrifice their lives and fortunes under circum-
stances of great necessity, and when liberty is really
in danger. I have great admiration for those who are
ready to set an example of peril to others and engage
in a common cause ; but I have no sympathy, no re-
spect, no admiration for those who involve the igno-
rant in the capital punishment of treason, and content
themselves with escaping from all . responsibility.
Sir, I cannot conceive a more detestable character
than the man who, for the purpose of gratifying
his personal vanity, in the hope of having his
name associated with splendid names that are in-
cluded in the category of traitors, urges on the
miserable, deluded followers by his speeches or writings
but is not ready to share with them a common fate.
I rejoice to see such characters reduced, as they
ought to be, to the condition of felons. Let us
keep those frogs that are croaking sedition in the
marshes in their proper position, and not let them
puff themselves into the dimensions of the nobler
animals that bellow treason." In alluding to the
recent revolution in France, the ex-Premier expressed
similar sentiments to those already enunciated
by his successors, as to the advisability of our al).
staking frogs all interference in the internal affairs of
foreign' countries. " I believe it to be essential to the
peace 'of the world," added the Right Hon. Baronet,
" and to the stability of Government, that the experi-
ments now making in France should have a fair trial,
without being embarrassed or disturbed by extrinsic
intervention." But while abstaining. from pro-
nouncing any
opinion as to the political move-
ments of France, Sir ROBERT PEEL took occasion
hparvoegr reference
to deprecate' and denounce 'all social changes such as
a
progress r
eonne
ethe o
sContinent.oeh
changes
hao g
elsf thisast h
o sde-
precationere now
desired in
by M. LEDR/3 RoLLue, we heartily concur in
it, and, „furthermore, we heartily concur in the con-
cluding declaration of Sir R. PEEL last night, that it
is upon the exertions of the l peop eof this country,
and not upon police, nor upon armies,that the tran-
quillity, if not the safety, of this country depends. As
having been the vehicle for the eloquent discourse of
Sir R. PEEL, and the encouraging assurances of Lord
J.
J. RUSSELL, the debate of last evening was, as we
have already said, eminently satisfactory.

the
iwt
nfoah-
ldiascaeshys
assembling
certainmbloinugrsawtbecomes journalsh
theoi
cuhrc
Champ
acua om(tiyupnatdne
- - - -
absurd and dangerous commentaries
~citimens,—Our manifestation of yesterday has given
rise to counter revolutionary manceuvres, to a thousand
r
notifalseonanng act
uherpeetophon misunderstandingoet
mrhht
other
ri andyob uat
rnieti,
a ti
pre-
ceded our arrival at the Hotel de Ville, gave rise there
d
our dignity to explain clearly. We commence by affirm-
Mars, we had no other objects than these—
" 1. To elect 14 from amongst ourselves to compose a
part of the etat major of the National Guard.
" 2. To prove that the ideas of organisation of la-
bour,and of association so courageously sustained by the
oahreaytehefoidreaesffeocftthtoe
men
nldwhohave a
vaer are
iecvaortrei de
dto
if oiutr failedc use
people, according to whom the revolution of February
put an end to the exploitation of man by man.
" To eller to the Provisional Government, after the
expression of our views, the support of our patriotism
against reaction.
" In proof of which we have to appeal to the mottoes
on our banners, the text of the petition presented by
our deputies at the Hotel de Ville, the unalterable calm-
ness of our demeanour, and the offering brought by us
to the Provisional Government of the Republic.
" How, then, does it happen that the National Guard
was extraordinarily convoked, and in arms, as in a day
of danger? How does it happen that, before the arrival
at the Hotel de Ville of our triends and representatives,
the citizens, Louis Blanc and Albert, our delegates,
met a reception which had all the characteristics of dis-
trust?
" We now know the cause, and will tell it to yon.
" Precisely because they knew that our manifestation
was calm, truly republican, and favourable to the con-
solidation of the popular revolution of February. The
reactionaries spread about the story that we wanted to
overthrow the Provisional Government for the sake of
the citizen Bianqui, in order to excite against us all
those who see is the existence of the Provisional Go•
vernment the guarantee of order and of liberty. At
the same time the emissaries of reaction spread the
monstrous calumny that Louis Blanc and Albert had en-
couraged us to cut down violently the Provisional Go-
vernment—a calumny against which we protest with
all the strength ot our indignant mind. It we had
wished to overthrow the Government or to change it we
should not have assembled unarmed in the Champ de
Mars ; we should hate taken measures to have mus-
tered, not one hundred thousand, as we were yesterday,
but two hundred thousand, which we could readily have
done. We should not have made the collection amongon
ourselves which we carried to the Hotel de ld
we should not have concluded our petition with the
words Vive le Gouvernement Provisoire.' This it is
which it is well for us to make known to all. We must
also denounce, as a proof of the manceuvres emplo) ed
by certain agents of reaction, the report which was
circulated, that an attempt had been made on the life of
Citizen Louis Blanc—a report propagated, doubtless, to
cause disorder; but of the falsity ot which we were soon
made aware, and which only proved to us how deeply
rooted was the union between the people and those in
whom it had placed confidence, notvrithstanding all that
might be said by the reactionary party. Let it, then,
be well known that there was nothing in the movement
of Sunday to create ahrinn• The people know their
strength; and it is permitted to them to remain calm.
It is ready to defend the revolution, in the light they
understand it; under their safeguard it will not perish.
" We confide this protest to the Provisional Govern-
ment, and we beg it to make it public.
(Signed) " LAGARDE, President of the Central
Committee,
DUMON, GOWN, Vice-Presidents.
A. LAFAURE, Secretary,
(Delegates of the Trades)."
" The a
-elegates of the workmen of the Ateliers Na-
tionaux equally protest, in the name of their brethren,
assembled on Sunday at the Hippodrome, against the
calumnies of which their meeting has been the object,
and unite their voices to those of all the delegates at the
Luxembourg.
(Signed) " GUSTAVE ROBERT, Vice President.
JACQUE, Delegate.
AUGUSTE DEHAUT, Secretary."
The National has the following correct explanation
of the manifestations of Sunday
" It has been artfully given out that there were two
manifestations—one in favour of the Republic and of the
Provisional
Government—the other in favour of counter
revolutionary reaction. That is false. The truth is
this: independently, and by the side of the meeting at
the Champ de Mars, there was a plot against the Provi-

Steps have at length been taken to relieve the
peaceable portion of the community in Ireland from
the nuisance to which they have recently been ex
posed in the perpetual meetings for drill and military
exercise which had become of daily occurrence
throughout the entire country. Several parties have
been arrested and held to bail, both in Dublin and
Cork, on charges of having violated the provisions of
the statute which renders it unlawful for " large as-
semblies of armed men to meet together for the prac-
tice of military movements," and which subjects the
offenders to the punishment of seven years' transpor-
tation or imprisonment, at the discretion of the pre-
siding judge. In no other country in the world would
matters have been suffered to proceed to the extremi-
tiesr to which they have been carried in the sister kingdom
,penolos moving in a respectable position in society have
whom
y proclaimed themselves the apostles of sedition,
and preached
denunciations
iwnhai:hbyttlhieeoyyphetnaavveeinduced to listen to their outrageous
of the Government by law established ;
Tiorerd their intention of subvert-
doctrines of physicaiefoand armed resistance. The
prepared, not only by
the possession
the necessity of being
offence, but by such skill in pthoss.ession of weapons of
best advantage,
use as would enable
them to be turned to the
oprreTreapttililgatuehnct.
advantage, have been
inculcated in no measured'l
means
oefoncaellaietdh,is age. And the
It is not
been by no

THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, APRIL I l9, 1848.

sional Government. Some bad and ambitious anarchists
have insolently divided into two fractions the Provisional
Government--they have attributed to the one some sort
of pretended dictatorship of public safety, and to the
other they have with equal insult attributed an insensate
proscription. Informed by the beat of drum of the plot
and the peril that menaced the Government, the people
of Paris rose altogether. Before this immense moral
force anarchy disappeared, as a month ago the counter
revolution disappeared. Thus a baffled plot, and a grand
popular manifestation, such was the history of the day—
all the rest is but artifice—imaginative falsehood."

The Riformel publishes a letter from M. CADET,
denying that be was present at the meeting of opera-
tives at the Champs de Mars on Sunday last, and
adding, that he has written to the Provisional Go-
vernment to institute an inquiry into the matter.
The Moniteur contains the following :
" The Minister of the Interior and the Minister of
Justice have directed the Attorney• General and the
Commissary of the Government attached to the tribunal
of the Seine, in the name of the Provisional Govern-
ment, to institute an inquiry into the different facts
which took place on Sunday last, and from which it
appears that a conspiracy was formed against the Go-
vernment of the Republic. On the invitation of M.
Portalis, M. Laudrin immediately commenced proceed
ings. A judge of instruction has been appointed, and
all the citizens are invited to communicate to him the
informatien they consider useful for the manifestation of
the truth."
The Moniteur publishes the following official ac-
count of the events of Sunday :
"Paris made to day one of the most spontaneous and
imposing manifestations ever witnessed by that great
city. The Provisional Government had been informed
that some leaders, whose machinations were watched,
had circulated an insane report of the creation of a
Committee of Public Satety. The Provisional
Government was convinced that tranquillity could not be
setiourly disturbed by those attempts, of which it knew
the ridiculous impotence. Nevertheless, in order to allay
the uneasiness eepressed around them, the Members of
the Government, whilst deliberating at the Ministry of
Finance on the affairs of the State, thought proper to adept
some precautionary measures round the Hotel de Ville.
At the first beat of the drums an immense number of
armed citizens turned out. 'rho squares, quays, and
boulevards were covered with an innumerable crowd of
National Guards, in their uniforms and in plain clothes,
who cried energetically, Vice let Republique!' Vice le
Gouvernement I'rovisoire !".che, workmen assembled in
the Champ de Mars, after having indignantly rejected
the provocations of the disturbers of the public peace,
were informed that an attempt was being made to deceive
the Government respecting their intentions. They
accordingly sent a deputation to the Hotel de Ville to
repeat the assurance of their complete adhesion, to ex-
press their. wishes, and offer a patriotic gift. They
afterwards arrived in a mass to defile before the Provi-
sional Government. The unanimity of public opinion,
the admirable co-operation of all classes of the popu-
letion, gave to that manifestation that great feature
which has characterised, since the revolution of
February, the fraternal union of the people of Paris in
favour of the Republic. The members of the Provi-
sional Government descended on the square, passed
through the dense ranks of that population, composed
of the National Guards of the different legions and
the battalions of the Garde Mobile, so remarkable for
their spirit and discipline, and were everywhere re-
ceived with the loudest enthusiasm. Generals Courtais
and Duvivier, who were at the head of the National
Guards, evinced a zeal and devotedness which the entire
population acknowledged by repeated applause. An
idea may be formed of the mass assembled on the occa-
sion from the fact that the National Guards continued
to defile from three o'clock until half past ten at night.
All Paris joined in tie entinitestation, which has given
additional force to the Provisional Government, and
proved once more to France and Europe that the Re-
public rests on a basis not to be shaken."
The pupils of the Polytechnic School, on being
told that the Provisional Government was in danger,
immediately repaired to the Hotel de Ville to place
themselves at its disposal. M. LAIIARTINE addressed
them as follows:
" We have been apprised that it was contemplated to
attack the Provisional Government. A Committee of
Public Safety had been proclaimed in its place, and an at-
tempt was to have been made to divide it, and sow anarchy
amongst its members, as well as in the opinion of the
country. We knew well that on the first intimation of such
an attempt all the good citizens would rally to defend
us. Your sole presence, your sole proceeding, is a mani-
festation highly honourable fur us, and more than suffi-
cient for order and the Government. It will be useless,
however, for another object, thanks to the almost una-
nimity of the population, which has arrayed itself round
the Provisional Government to give it force and assistance
until the moment when it shall resign its powers into the
hands of the National Assembly. We request you, citi-
tens, to remain, to-day, until nightfall, and to-morrow,
if necessary, at the disposal of the Provisional Govern-
ment. We shall not want you, but we are happy to as
sign to you on this occasion the place of honour you have
so well deserved amongst us."
Great satisfaction has been expressed both by the
National Guard and the public by the announcement
of the appointment of General CDANOARNIER to the
chief command :of the National Guards of the De-
partment of the Seine, in tile place of General COUR.
TAts, but the appointment is not yet official. General
CUANGARNIER passed several of the legions in review
this morning, and was everywhere received with
great cordiality. In the course of the review he
called the officers of the legions together, and asked
them if they or their men had any abjec-
tion to the return of the troops of the line
to Paris; and, on consultation with the men,
the officers invariably brought back the answer that
they were very desirous for the return of the troops
A large body of the officers then accompanied General
CHANGARNIER to the Hotel de Ville, to express their
wishes to the Provisional Government; and it is
understood, that this very evening, from six to seven
thousand troops will enter the capital, and that more
will follow to-morrow and next day. It is said that
General CHARGARNIER, in accepting the command of
the National Guards, made it a condition that a gar-
rison of at least 20,000 troops of
.the line should be
brought into Paris.
A considerable number of persons have been ar-
rested who were caught in the act of distributing
seditious proclamations among the people, and stuck
up inflammatory placards in the streets. Four per-
sons have been arrested in the Fauburg St. Antoine,
who were dressed in the uniform of captains of the
National Guard, but it is doubtful if they are enti-
tled to the distinction. Among those arrested it is
said that the notorious SORRIER is one. It will be
remembered that he was for a few days joint dele-
gate With M. CAUSIDERE at the police. lie is the
president of several of the most violent clubs, and
one of the principal editors of the Commune de Paris,
which is the organ of the Communists.
BOURSE—PARIS, TUESDAY, APRIL 11.
THREE O'CLOCK.—The French funds have been ex-
ceedingly firm all day, and the closing prices show a
considerable advance over those of the day before. The
Five per Cents. opened at 59f. 50c., and closed at filf.,
being a rise of 2f. 75c.; the Three per Cents. opened at
35f. 50c., and closed at 401. 75c., being a rise of If. 25e.
This advance was generally attributed to the belief that
a considerable number of the troeps of the line wore to
enter Paris in the course of the day. During the
Bourse it became known that one regiment had already
arrived at the ,Batignolles, and only awaited orders to
pass the Barriere and march to barracks. Bank of
France shares were firm, closing at 1,125 f., being au
advance of 25f. ; Roman is f higher, closing at 50f. ;
Belgian Fives (1840), are lower, this decline being the
counter blow of lower prices from Brussels, on Monday,
in consequence, it was said, of the movement in Paris
the day before ; Belgian Bank Shares are 101. better,
closing at 510 f. Very little business was tran-
sected iu the miscellaneous securities, but they
also closed better ; Obligations de la Ville at
960 f., and Quatre Canaux at 6651., both sf. higher.
Reilvvay Shares have varied but little, the movement
being rather upwards than otherwise ; Vierzon
are sf. higher, closing at 2251.; Orleans and Bordeaux,
21. 50c. each better, at 4501. and 390 f.; Northern, Stras-
burg, and Nantes, if. 25c., at 333 f. 75c., 345 f., and 3351.;
Dieppe have advanced 15E, closing at 1501. On the
other hand, Marseilles and Havre have fallen 5f., closing
at 1951. and 170f.eLyons, 2f. 50c., at 306 f. 25c.; Rouen
are unaltered at 3055. ; Bons du Titsor were done at
40 per cent. iris ; French gold continues at 501. ; and
the charge for cashing a I,ooof. note 10f. Gold con-
tinues to arrive in rather large quantities at Paris from
London. During the past week the amount received
was about 1,150,0001, a large portion of which came to
Messrs. de Rothschild's.
BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK EXCIIANGE, Anne 18.
Boulogne and Amiens, 53/4—Namur and Liege' 1—
Northern of France, 234—Orleans and Bordeaux, 11/2 Paris
and Lyons, 2.

IMPORTANT from SWITZERLAND.
THE DIET—THE FRENCH REPUBLIC.
The Presse has the following from Berne, the
13th instant :

" The reception given here to the representative of
the French Republic was of a most remarkable kind.
A procession, organised by the Committee of the
Patriotic Association, and composed of more than
500 persons, preceded by a military band, and bear-
ing banners, French and Swiss united, went by torch-
light, in the evening, to the residence of General
TIIIARD. The French diplomatist appeared at the
windows, when he was most loudly cheered. The
following complimentary address was delivered
to him :
" ' General Thiard,---The Patriotic Association of the
canton of Berne hasten to bid you welcome. Represen-
tative of the French Republic, it is with joy and with
happiness that we see you in the midst of us. To a des-
potic and tyrannizing Government has succeeded, in fine,
a Government of liberty, equality, and fraternity. With
us also, General, a party gloriously conquered, meditated

the destruction of our liberties, but it has fallen never to , emigration who may:arrive at Cracow. The gill
rise again. It only remains for us to express our wishes I
that France and Switzerland may be united like two V
sisters, and sham the same sentiments of liberty, ASTIGLIONE, has written to
tart' Governor, Count C
equality, and fraternity. Long live Gre
eneral Thiard. his post.
to dt,,mand the dismissal of Baron K from
aEt*
Long live the French Republic.' 8
"The general replied as follows : palities of the Danube. Prince BIBEECO _
Some disturbances have broken out in theapnrdinehii-
" ' Citizens, I must express to you my opinion and party have been driven away. The Servians have
my gratitude for the fricsndly manifestation which you
wade in favour of the representatives ,of the French also driven away the Turkish garrison of Belgrade'
.
Republic, for it is not to me, to the man, that you address
yourself. Believe me, citizens, that the •wishes of the
French Government towards Switzerland are as warm
as those which you express for France, sand that it will
not depend on tier if the French and Swiss nations aro
not united in the same sentiments of liberty, (quality,
and fraternity. Once mere, citizens, I thank you for the
a elcome you have given me, and with. which lam
deeply affected.'
"The English Charge d'Affaires was standing at
one of the windows of the General's apartment, and
At a window in the story above LCLA. )\loNtEz made

her appearance.
" The Diet opened its proceedings this morning
with the consideration of the project of the Federal
Constitution, prepared by the Commission of .11evi-
vion of the Pact, which was appointed by the Diet in
August, 1847. The following is an otttline of this

project
" Chapter 1 treats of the general provisions, which
are as follows :--

" The population of the 22 sovereign cantons o
Switzerland from the SwiSs Confederation.

PRUSSIA.
His MAJESTY has been pleased to accept the resig-
nation of his Minister VON ROTIIEit as President of
f
the Chief Administration of the Treasury,
of the Marine, and Chief of the Prussian Bank. 31
VON LAmrßEcwr, President of the Bank Direction,
the
has been charged with the administration of
latter office ad interim.—Prussian State Ga'letie'
April 16.
The execution of the decree of the German Diet on
the subject of Schleswig-Holstein, has been entrusted
to Prussia, and the Prussian Government has ju
°`"
us
as Chie
ordered several battalions of infantry, a di,ll
cavalry, and mounted artillery, to proceed to
r 1

" The cantons are sovereign, in so much as their
sovereignty is not limited by the federal constitution,
which guarantees to them their territory, their con-
stitutions, liberty, and the rights of the people, as well
as the rights and attributions which it has conferred
on the authorities.
" All particular alliances and treaties of a political
nature between the cantons is forbidden.

stein
On the 10th inst. a circular from the Prussian
Minister of Foreign Affairs was affixed to the Stettin
Bourse. It bore the date of the 6th , and stated th
in
at
the report that Prussian vessels had been detained
the Sound or pursued by Danish men-of-war was
unfounded. It is added that the Prussian fns
sador at Copenhagen has received instructions to
obtain a declaration from the Danish Cabinet thiad
they will respect private property, and that shore
there be a refusal, measures will betae for ree
questing the English Government to war n rrnssiell
vessels of the danger that awaits them, so that they
may take refuge in English ports. It is proposed to
give this warning by means of British cruisers in
the
English Channel.
Serious disturbances have taken place at Aix-11,1:
Chapelle. A letter dated April 15, NO-Ikb is V"'
lished in the Cologne Gazette, says—
" Our city is in the greatest commotion: The
burgher guard is under arms. The couunntierif
arose in consequence of a dispute between solve °e
the reserve corps and a number of worktnen.
soldiers were disarmed, and two of them were 11ille
The workmen, armed with hatchets, spades, &el °re
traversing the streets, the military have been on
signed to the brracks, and a promise has been efaa
cially given that the reserves shall be sent off i°'
morrow.
The reserves of the 34th entered only the dill
before yesterday, and immediately excited ill-Win 11
marching in with a black and white harmer, and fill:
daciously tearing off the black, red, and gold Coe"'
ades which were worn by the burghers."
The Aix-la-Chapelle Gazette of the 17th 5551.-..'
" The disturbances were renewed to-day, in ceney
„ay:.ol;rd
quence of which a proclamation was issued
the inhabitants to be quiet. There was an "tWAves
calm afterwanis, and it was hoped that the reser)). r
would be permitted to depart in quietness. The burbg at"
guard completely shut up the streets, but the 10%0
tacked them; many shots were fired.; several Pei's-
the°
were killed and others wounded. The cavalry wag
called out and cleared the streets, and the hated reset);
were obliged to quit the city. At the time wh; e13,,it0
Aix-la- Chapelle Gazette wasgoing to press the c,ll
still in commotion."
Spandau has also been the scene of serial's
turbances. A letter from that city, dated April
lir
says—
" Yesterday serious disturbances took plaetsA;itittfh'
House of Correction. There were evidences of u's-ato
ances in the afternoon, and the prisoners rehli,se
appear before the director respecting their yrnr';'oa by
accordingly repaired to the work-room, acconarin,flers,
several officers, and was about to address the pris(_,)", of
when one of them stood up, and declared in theseerig.
the rest that they would not have any more W-06
The director succeeded in appeasing them, and qui,trnoyer•
was apparently restored. In the evening, C),.
there was an outbreak. Utensils, doors, and V"l2 pod
were demolished, and the revolt became formidable,
ri,
it became necessary to call in the military.- ee, Soy
sonera were exhorted to return to obedience, Dui, • ist
commenced demolishing the roof, and threw the 611 to
the heads of the soldiers, who were then cornPelle „a
fire. One of the prisoners, who had been CO
to 25 years' imprisonment, was killed, and another I"-
mortally wounded. None of the prisoners escaped*"

" The Confederation; alone has the right to declare
war and to conclude peace, as well as to nmke alliances
and treaties with foreign states.
" The official relations between the cantons and
foreign Governments shall be carried on. through the
Federal Council.
"Military capitulations are forbidden,
"The Confederation has not the right to keep up a
standing army. This provision does not extend to
the necessary institutions for the instructions of the
Federal army.
" The Confederation will establish a Swiss uni-
versity, a polytechnic school, and a seminary for in-
structors ; it has the right, by paying an indemnity,
to suppress in whole or in part any tolls on roads or
rivers, the right of transit of highways and bridges,
customs dues, &e., but it cannot receive at the Swiss
frontier the import, export, and transit dues. It
takes on itself the direction of the post-office through-
out the whole of Switzerland, as well as to coin
money, and also to introduce a uniformity in the
weights and measures of the country. The manu-
facture and sale of gunpowder is also to belong to it.
" The right of free establishments for all Swiss,
and the free exercise of the recognised Christian
worship is guaranteed throughout the Confederation.
" The liberty of the press is guaranteed.
"Chapter 2 relates to the Federal authorities.
" The supreme authority of the Confederation is
exercised by the Federal Assembly, which is com -
posed of two councils—the National Council, and the
Council of States.
" The National Council is composed of Deputies of
the Swiss people, elected in the proportion of one
member for every 20,000 souls; it is elected for
three years, and is integrally renewed every time.
" The Council of the States is composed of 44
Deputies of the Cantons.
" These two councils shall deliberate on all ques-
tions which the present constitution places within the
limits of the Confederation.
" The directorial and superior executive authority
of the Conferation is exercised by a Federal Council,
composed of five members, chosen for three years.
"There shall be a Federal Tribunal for the admi-
nistration of justice in federal matters, and a jury
for penal causes. The Federal Tribunal shall be
composed of eleven members, and five supplementary
ones.
" The sitting of the Diet on the 13th was not of
much importance. General RILCCIIIA, the Sardinian
Envoy, was present. The subjects brought under
consideration were confined to local interests. The
cashier of the Federal Treasury announced that after
the payment of the expenses occasioned by the late
war, which amounted to 5,800,000 f , there would be
a Oeficit of 3,313,000 f., which will be covered by the
loan contracted by the COnfederation. The Deputy
for Appenzell declared that his canton would not be
responsible for any part of the loan, as it would be a
full step towards involving Switzerland in a heavy
debt. Twelve states voted in favour of it."

POSEN. al
It appears by the Berlinische Zeitung that in sever
parts of the Grand Duchy of Posen the Polish grille'
corps have had conflicts with the Prussian o.o°oo
and that several persons have been killed on both sido•
Seven Poles, implicated in the former insurrection in
Posen; hare been arrested in Grandens, on the charge
of high treason. The same journal states that the
Royal Commissioner, General Von WILLISEN,
very unpopular amongst the German inhabitants
re
nr
Posen, and that he displays every day more and Mo
a leaning towards the Poles, whose society ke almost
exclusively frequents. It is added, in a private corn'
munication from the Bernbaum district, that an lint.;
mense number of Germans have already left tito
t
duchy, because the Poles intend to force them
march against Russia. The 6,000 armed Polesdaiss.
sembled in the neighbourhood of Gnesen have

GERMANY

AND

THE NORTHERN STATES.

persed. issi° • net
General VON WILLISEN, the Royal CommhY
for the national (Polish) reorganization of the duc
of Posen, arrived on the 13th in Berlin. lie ir°llleil
diately;proceeded to Potsdam, where a Cabinet Ceon",
was summoned. It is asserted that it has been reof
solved to declare the duchy of Posen independentti re
Prussia, with the exception of those parts Wbiebyer,
all but exclusively German. The Poles, l'evie
demand the restoration of their country in its Ilicie
ht to
limits, and contend that they have as much rhgaer-
claim the so-called German parts of Posen as is of
many has to demand the so-called Danish pox'

AUSTRIA.

The Oesterreichische Zeitung of the 12th publihes
amongst its latest intelligence the contents of a letter
said to have been received from Venice, to the effect
that two parties have formed themselves in that city
one siding with Austria, the other with Italy. It is
said that both of them parade the streets with their
respective banners, and that the Austrian party has
applied to the authorities at Trieste requesting that
the steam communication may be renewed between
the two ports. MArliti and ToMMAsEO are reported
to have disappeared. This account, however, is
considered to be very apocryphal.
The Vienna Gazette of the same day contains a
protest of the German inhabitants of Bohemia against
any measures, such as a distinct Ministry, &c., for
which the Sclavonic portion of the population have
applied, which might tend to a separation between
that state and the Austrian empire.
An intimation has been made by the Ministry,
that the provisional law on the press, not having
been published three times in the Vienna Gazette (as
the law directs), is not to be considered in force.
Some dissatisfaction is expressed in Vienna at the
delay of the Austrian Government to bring forward
a scheme for the formation of a representative
assembly.

The EMPEROR has accepted the resignation of
Count STADION as Governor of Bohemia.

The EMPEROR was at Presburgh on the 12th of
April, and closed the Hungarian Diet in person.
The Archduke STEPHEN addressed the assembly.
He said, " Let us rejoice that we have obtained all
we desired, and let us use our newly-acquired con-
cessions with moderation." The Prime Minister,
Kossurn, spoke also; and after a few words in
Hungarian from the EMPEROR, the business ter•
minated.

Schleswig.
General VON WILLISEN has issued a ciretli,llll.ii
under date the 12th of April, stating that he si
consider his mission at an end, as soon ns he finds; z
that there is no longer any peaceful way of settl.o.,
the disturbances which exist in the Grand Ducbini
and that he shall immediately resign his post Wbe-a
he discovers that, on the expiration of the see°,,,e.6
delay of three days (a delay which expired "/
day), the armed Poles do not disperse. De states,
moreover, that he will not sacrifice any of the right°
of his countrymen—the Germans. Up to the de'
parture of the post no further news of any certainti
had been received from Posen, or rather from Schroa
where the armed Poles are assembled. They had been
summoned to disperse on the 11th, but at the re'
quest of General VON WILLISEN a delay was grantea
till the 14th.
It is said that Prussia is ready to acknowledge the
independence of Posen.
SCHLESWIG-HOLSTEIN.
RENDSBURG, APRIL 14.—The Danes moved for,
ward yesterday with the greater part of the trooPs:
concentrated at their main head-quarters in Scble
wig, to the number of eight thousand men, and too
up a position near Dannervirde, about ten miles
i•
the road to Rendsburg. Soon after one o'cloc no
the afternoon the KING, escorted by two squildff, •
of dragoons and one of curassiers, and attended b;
splendid staff, entered Schleswig from Flenshtlf°,l
followed by the troops, rode through the WWI 6.°130,
returned to Flensburg at five in the afternoon. r
neral Von lIEDEMAAN has the command-in•ehie"„or
This morning the Danes continued to ecc;
yesterday's position. The troops of Schlesil.7l;
Holstein are posted near Schestedt, and the 1111116:ity
nearfmoro: morning,
iednSmgo
,ratgnghbeiesra
magistracy
extremecaße. Thecaknedn io
councilr advancedA Ito n a Volunteer
posts,
tBevr-d
f.
of Deputies -at
l
burg have latterly reorganized the Provisions
;,,f
vernment, and the Burgomaster has had an loternivi
with the KING, and told himboldly, " I larger.,
Schleswig-Holsteiner, and the worthier nei"'oo
portion of my citizens are of my sentiments.
no longer serve the King of DENMAB id
The troops are animated with the best sPirq the
desire an opportunity to measure swords wit"beeo
enemy. The prisoners taken at Kruslen have ors
sent to Eperbergen, and are there to be taken
board a razed ship-of-the line. _a to
In Schleswig a corps of young men, who offer:into
serve their country, were, on Tuesday, betritY6.`t nts,
the hands of the Danes by two of the inhabitmon
who had long been sus:ecte Ham e spies sea heage,
.13orsen
of them were captured. —urgh
April 15th.
(FROM THE ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH comritsii.)
HULL, Tuzsol' ,
By the Queen of Scotland steamer from
115t11,,'r_
burgh, arrived this morning, we are put in possessw
of the following intelligence r
: sll'
REND SBURG, Ar
_o
On Tuesday evening a skirmish took place u

Some further proceedings took place at the Town,

hall, and the EMPEROR left amidst the greatest cheer-
ing and acclamation, about two o'clock, for Vienna.
A letter from Vienna published in the Augsburg,
Gazette says—
" Russia will not delay much longer. The early de-
parture of the Russian Ambassador is expected. On
reading the day before yesterday a violent article in the
Austrian Gazette, against the Emperor Nicholas, he
stated that if the attitude of the Austrian press continues
unchanged, a declaration of war on the part of Russia
must be shortly expected. Many free corps are openly
being formed hero against Russian Poland. More than
2,000 volunteers have already enrolled themselves at
Professor Podulak's. The Government, on the other
hand, takes no more volunteers for Italy, a fact which
would almost lead us to conceive that its intentions are
pacific."
Disturbances took place at Gratz on the 6th of
April. The people set fire to the Custom-house, for
the 'purpose of destroying a guard-house of the
officers, who fired on them from the windows. The
bakers' shops were pillaged. Attempts were also made
on the butchers ; the latter, armed with hatchets,
and aided by the National Guard, vigorously defended
themselves. To put a stop to these disorders, martial
law has been proclaimed. Money matters get worse
and worse at Vienna. The deficit in the last quarter
amounted to eight millions of florins, and it is
thought that the current month will show a much
larger deficit. The value of public securities is
dreadfully shaken, and stagnation is general. There
is no doubt of the Archduke FRANCOIS JOSEPH
having been sent to Bohemia as Governor. An inde-
pendent Ministry is to be given to this extensive
province. The Count DE ST. STADION, the actual
Governor, resigns.
The Breslau Gazette states that the Imperial
Commissary, Baron KREJCI, has given orders for the
immediate meet of all the members of the Polish