The Sun.
London, England, 1846-12-02 00:00:00

throughout, and of a treacherous fragility. Never-
theless, by more frequent intercourse with the British
population of India, they might gradually divest
themselves of their more detestable vices of treachery
and territorial spoliation. That there is a feasiblility
in this we are persuaded from the plastic and pliable
character of the human intellect, and the possibility
there is of reforming the most obdurate dispositions.
Since our last intelligence the affairs of the Maha-
raja GHOOLAB SINGH have alternated from confusion
to order, from insurrection to tranquillity, from con-
flict to capitulation. The rebellious Mahomedan Go-
vernor of Cashmere, EMAIMI-00D-DEEN, has tendered
his submission to the Chief of Jamoo. Instead of de-
fending the valley against the assaults of his new
master, and of inciting his fanatical followers to
maintain their independence, he has consented to sur-
render, on condition of his personal safety being
guaranteed, and of certain confiscated property being
restored. Whether the Sheik has been driven to this
letermication by the three adverse encounters be-
tween his soldiers and their assailants, or by
alarm at the formidable assistance afforded
to GHOOLAB SINGH by the British Government,
and the Lahore Durbar, is somewhat questionable.
We suspect that both these circumstances combined
have allayed the confidence and dissipated the am-
bitious dreams of EMAUM-00D-DEEM. He has
yielded to the first assaults upon the almost im-
pregnable passes of Cashmere ; he has readily suc-
cumbed to the arguments of the Seikh plenipo-
tentiary, DEWAN HUKEEM RAE, and has resigned
111 pretensions to that bauble of command to which
he had prematurely aspired. There is pusillanimity
in this hasty retractation of enmity, but it is a
pusillanimity which will he universally beneficial.
Although the valley of Cashmere was not actually
delivered into the possession of GnooLan SINGH on
the departure of the mail, there did not exist the
vestige of a doubt as to the certainty of that terri-
tory being
immediately occupied by the followers of
h e
Maharaja of the hills. By this arrangement, the
t
British troops will be no longer under the necessity
of -co-operating with the Seikhs in subduing a
refractory province. It is to be earnestly
hoped that such a necessity will not
occur again very speedily. It is to be hoped
that the chiefs of Jamoo, of Lahore, of Mooltan, and
elsewhere, will be enabled to maintain the integrity of
:heir own dominions and the proper submission of
their own people without requiring the strength, the
Advice, and the blood of the English on every petty
emergency. It is to be hoped that the peace of
[ndia will be of a longer continuance than heretofore,
and that the social condition of its inhabitants will
thereby obtain a material and appreciable advance-
ment.

By their recent interference in the domestic govern-
neat of GnooLan SINGII, the English have evinced
remarkable generosity ; that must be allowed. For-
getting all former animosities, and discarding the
remembrance of the treacheries and cruelties of
the Maharaja, they have extended the hand of friend-
ihip to him ,in his difficulties, they have leagued
their banners with his, they have drawn the sword
And blown the trumpet in his cause. What
will be the recompense of this generosity ?
When tempting advantages may present themselves
to GIIOOLAB SINGH, will he remember the passes of
Cashmere, the garrison of Jamoo, the conquest of.
EMAIIM-00D-DEEM ? Will he recur to this instance
if European magnanimity with feelings of gra-
titude and admiration ? We remember that Mr.
llAzrarr remarks somewhere in his " His-
tory of Napoleon Bonaparte," that our bitterest
?nernies are frequently those to whom we do a
kindness. It is a bitter reflection to men who
have formed an elevated conception of human na-
ture ; but it is an observation the truth of which
must have been sorely felt by many of us. We are
sanguine as to the distant regeneration of the Oriental
race; yet the discovery of gratitude and magnanimity
in GHOOLAD SINGH appears to be as hopeless as
-quaring the circle, or explaining the theory of the
'ibrations of the moon to the comprehension of an

When it was once ascertained that public opinion
had acquired sufficient strength to insure the repeal,
sooner or later, of the corn-laws, and it was known
that Sir R. PEEL had determined to chime in with
the popular sentiment, not a few Members of St.
Stephen's reconciled themselves to the important con-
cession, from the belief that British skill,- industry,
and energy, would, in the end, safely triumph over
the competition which the foreigner might be enabled
to enter into with the home producer. It was this
conviction that happily conduced to swell the
zirturster-8 Majorities upuu his great
measure of the past session. Sir. R. PEEL derived
further advantages in the prosecution of his arduous
task from the reputation he had justly acquired of
being in every sense a practical statesman, which,
joined to the fact that the Minister's own personal
interests were almost entirely identified with the land,
had the salutary effect of converting many an agri-
cultural alarmist to the reasonableness and necessity
of abandoning the protective system. Moreover, Sir
R. PEEL has proved himself to be the greatest
financier of his age, and whilst advocating
different large schemes relating to our trade and
commerce, he invariably combated the desponding
views of his opponents, by expressing
his firm reliance
upon the intelligence, zeal, and unrivalled spirit of
enterprise, for which our country is famed throughout
the globe, as affording the safest guarantees against the
fulfilment of the timid apprehensions which induced
resistance to his policy of commercial renovation-.
Whenever the ex-Minister, from the foregoing con
sideration, and over and above the intrinsic merits
and special arguments he had to develop, predicted
success to any particular project, the prediction
never failed. Isis anticipations in favour of
tke unrelaxing vigour of the British capitalist,
through whatever channel he may design
his wealth to flow, have ever been jus-
tified ; and there can be no doubt that when
Sir R. PEEL, during the stormy debates on the last
Corn Bill, confidently dilated upon the renowned
skill and boundless enterprise of his countrymen, he
did much to conciliate support, and to remove the
gloomy forebodings of the protectionists. Short as
is the time that has elapsed, what do we perceive ?
Is there any sympton of downheartedness ? Are
there any misgivings as to the political foresight of
Sir R. PEEL? On the contrary, do we not
know that the farmers, generally, are quite
contented and buoyant with hope ? Their
hope rests not upon the present prices of corn, which
are unquestionably to some degree sustained by reason
of the potato failure, but is mainly derived from a
due appreciation of their own feelings of self-reliance
and spirit of thorough independence. Already have
many of the great proprietors of the soil come forward
to encourage this unwavering spirit of their principal
farmers and tenants. A cheerful co-operation has
been promised to them by Earl TALBOT and others.
Long leases and other healthy stimulants, towards
augmenting the productiveness of the lands, will be
granted to such as are able and willing to accept of them.
In the place of political gatherings for idle remon-
strance, we have seen agricultural societies uniting
their minds and hearts for the purpose of assisting the
farmer in his tillage of the earth, with all the aids
which the lights of science can, or may hereafter, fur-
nish. A large portion of the literary efforts of the
country is being advantageously bestowed in further-
ance of the same national duty. The Edinburgh
Review has shown itself, and with considerable ability,
to be actuated with the like ennobling intent. In
an article, recently furnished, it has convincingly
shown bow much has been hitherto wrought in
the cultivation of British soils ; how surprisingly
much is being successfully undertaken to increase
their cereal products, and with what reasonable
cheerfulness
we may, by fresh exertions and novel
appliances, free our markets from any fear whatever
of foreign competition. Scotland presents a happy
picture, which may well be regarded with pride, of
the singular results attainable by art over the inat-
tractive barrenness of nature. In no country have
the industry, and innate skill of the peasantry
effected more wonderful changes overunfavourcd tracts
of land. To Scotland has England been, and indeed
is daily, much indebted for the agricultural advance-
ment she has made, and is making. "Necessity is
the mother of invention ; " the truth of the adage
has been creditably exemplified by the compara-
tive excellence to which the Casiedui,iiiii husbandman
has attained. In every crisis he manfully puts his