The Sun.
London, England, 1846-07-29 00:00:00

CORNWALE. RAILWAY;

Lord BROUG H All thought thst the evidence on this Bill
should be printed and produced to the House.
Viscount TORRINGTON said he had no objection to the
production of the evidence in question.
Lord BROUGHAM gave notice that on Thursday he would
move that the evidence laid before the Cornwall Railway Com-
mittee be printed.
BUILDERS OF DUBLIN.

Lord CAMPBELL presented a petition from the
builders of Dublin complaing of the privileges of
the guild of builders in the city of Dublin, and praying their
Lordships to establish perfect freedom to all.
METROPOLITAN BUILDINGS ACT.
Lord LANSDOWNE. in answer to a question by Lnrd
"mu./ ..id he had seen the Fr.-..• cothmrssioner of the
Woods and Forests, who• had received the Acts yesterday, and
had referred them imm (beery to the official referee.
NEWCASTLE AND CARLISLE RAILWAY.

Lord MON TEAGLE said, that this Company had come
to Parliament for an extension of powers. He said, it had
been represented to him that this Company had far exceeded
its powers, and expended much more than the capital allowed
by law ; that this additional capital had been raised not
by the issue of 1)0714 fide shares, but by an invention of the
directors, which virtually made it a loan. This was a repre•
sentation which, if found true, would make that compaay by
no means appear worthy of their Lordships' sanction. He
moved that an account be ordered ?lowing the state of that
company from year to year.
Lori PORTMAN said, as Chairman of the Committee be-
fore which this company had been sent, he felt bound to ?ay
that be had heard nothing of it. although a private letter had
been sent him hinting at something of the same kind with what
their Lordships had heard.
Lord KINN AIRD said, that by the Railway Consolidation
Act the Board of Trade should take care that gates and stations
were provided when lines passed public roads on the level.
CALEDONIAN RAILWAY.

Lord COLCHESTER presented a petition from the Cale-
donian Company, praying that, in consequence of the time
which had been lost in the Commons, the standing order of
the House which fixed the third reading should be set aside,
and that that Bill be permitted to pass.
GAUGE COMMISSION BILL.
The Earl of CLARENDON moved the second reading of
the Gauge Commission Bill, in consonance with the resolutions
to which their Lordships had unanimously come the other
evening.
Lord KINNAIRD had intended to oppose the second read-
ing of this Bill, but as there were to be certain amendments in-
troduced into it in the Committee. which might possibly obviate
his objections, he should refrain from making those observa-
tions which he had intended to offer to their Lordships.
The Earl of SCARBOROUGH begged to apologise to
their Lordships for interfering in this debate, but it appeared
from reports which he had received from engineers, that by
enlarging the sleepers to sixteen inches, and taking out the
chairs, the carriages on the narrow gauge might be very easily
adapted for the broad gauge. not eGsting, in all probability,
more than 301. each. The bridges and tunnels might be al-
tered with almost proportionately equal facility. After going
through the list of accidents which have occurred respectively
on both the gauges, the Noble Lord said the danger on the
narrow gauge was evidently greater, for if they put the centre
of gravity ever so little out of its place in turnieg a corner, the
sway, or the unavoidable oscillation, would easily throw a car-
riage off its basis. The Noble Lord the Chairman of the Com-
mission had offered no objections to the adoption of the broad
gauge.
Lord BEAUMONT said that it was evident, from the
evidence submitted to the Commissioners, that so far from the
deeision being in favour of .the narrow gauge,. it was quite the
reverse. The Commissioners had evidently been of opinion
that the broad gauge was the better of the two, but a better
than either would be one between the two. The Noble Earl
(the Earl of Clarendon) was moving for nothing more nor less
than that the very worst gauge should be adoped for all future
railways, with a very few exceptions. He should not move
any amendment, but if any Noble Lord would bring forward
any motion for postponing this consideration, so that the Noble
Earl's suggestions might be properly taken, he would support
him.
Lord REDESDALE wished to explain what he had
said on the previous occasion, when these resolutions were
adopted. It was hardly the fact that the narrow gauge was
the very worst. On the contrary, he would say that it was
only bad in the view of those who were advocates for very
quick travelling. But there was another class, who looked to
the economical working of railways as well as to the rapidity
of transit. The Commissioners had not said what was the best
gauge, and in the present state of darkness he should be most
unwilling that any definite plan should be adopted. He only
wished that the great engineers should meet together
and give their opinion on what was the best gauge, and he
believed that their decision would be nearly unanimous on that
point. He further wished that ihe Great Northern Conipar y
would have the courage to come forward and state that they

were ready to alter their gauge to the six-feet gauge, which, as
the medium, appeared to be the best. Having stated his
opinion, he fully trusted that before Parliament met neat year
something would be done to settle the question finally. He
would not oppose the present Bill, but he hoped an uniform
gauge would be ultimately adopted.
The Earl of CLARENDON did not see how they could

get rid of their difficulties on this question. There were up.
wards of 2,000 miles constructed on the narrow gauge, and,
with the exception of rapidity of transit, he did not agree with
the Noble Lord that it was the worst gauge. All the eminent
commissioners abroad who had come to this country for the
purpose of ascertaining what would be the best gauge for their
respective countries, had adopted the narrow gauge, and there
was a majority of upwards of forty of she most eminent engi-
neers of this country in favour of that principle. The Com-
mission also which had sat upon the question had given it as
their opinion that, in the circumstances of the country, it was
the best gauge that could be adopted.
Lord KINNAIRD said the Noble Lord asked how were they
to deal with the matter, but they should recollect that the
practicability of altering the gauge had never been inquired
into. He would not detain their Lordships further than by
alluding to what had been said by the Gauge Commissioners,
which was of great importance on the subject. By thin Bill
parties, who were anxious to amalgamate with other companies
would be prevented doing so, when the principle upon which
such amalgamation would be effected would be nullified by this
very Act-
Lord PORTMAN thought that the adoption of the medium
gauge, referred to by the Noble Lord, would necessitate an
alteration in the engines, carriages, and rails of every railroad
in existence in the country. As an inhabitant of the western
portion of England, he was moat decidedly in favour of the
broad gauge line.
Lord CAMOYS thought the alteration of the narrow to an
intermediate was the most extensive and the most expensive
alteration that could be made.

Lord GREY considered that •he present measure was the
only one practicable at the present time, to prevent the further
spread of the inconvenience of a break of gauge, which every
gentleman deprecated. He had heard that several companies
in connexion with the narrow gauge had proposed to purchase
the Great Western Extinsions, and thus hermetrically seal up
the Great Western Railway. Such a mischief as that would
be remedied by the passing of the present measure, which
would prevent,,the.alteration,o(the gauge at present laid down
upon the railway: He did not consider the present measure
as at all to be considered as a permanent measure ; for his own
part he would not be satisfied until the present inconvenience
resulting from the break of gauge VI as entirely removed.—
( Cheers.) He thought that the evidence given by Mr. Cubitt
before the Commission had been treated too lightly ; so far as
he was able to form an opinion, i e thought the proposition of
an intermediate gauge attended with many advantages. He
thought some other mode of settling the business than that of
appointing a Commission to inquire into the subject should be
adopted; he thought they had had enough already of Com-
missions.
Earl of KINNAIRD said that after the expression of
opinions just given by the Noble Earl, he would not oppose
the further progress of the Bill.
Earl of SCARBOROUGH made a few remarks which
were inaudible in the gallery.
The Bill was then read a second time.
SMALL DEBTS BILL.

The Lord CHANCELLOR presented several petitions
from Halifax in favour of the Small Debts Bill.
The Lord CHANCELLOR then moved the second reading
of the Small Debts Bill. The proposed Bill was founded on the
report of a Commission consisting of the present Chief Baron,
and Mr. Justice Wightman. In the year 1339 this measure
had been introduced, but from the pressure of businers it was
not proceeded with. In subsequent years it had been brought
forward, but had not received the sanction of the Legislature.
In the month of June in the present year, the Bill was ap.in
introduced by a member of the late Government. Finding that
the Bill was in accordance with the recommendations of the
Commission, he had brought the measure forward at
the present stage of the session. In the ancient
courts, established many years ago, the expense
of recovering 40s. was six pounds ; it was not
therefore to be wondered at that those courts in the present day
must have fallen into considerable disuse. The present Bill
sought to remove those grievances existing under the former
Acts in the establishment of local courts, and to remove the
jurisdiction from the courts of conscience or requests. He was
not able at that time to state the nuarberof those courts now in
existence, or the number of judges or c ,ramissioners who pre.
side over them. It was proposed to limit the present Act to
sums not exceeding twenty pounds. The present law courts
were totally inadequate to cases where small demands were
sought to be recovered. The scheme proposed its the present
Bill was to divide the country into districts, and to establish
courts in these districts to meet the wants of the people. There
would be a considerable number of these districts, and a large
number of courts would be necessary. He was happy to say
that there would not be so large a number of judges as of
courts, because the courts would not require to sit
every day; perhaps not more than once a week
or a fortnight. He proposed to establish some
judge over each district, who would have the charge of all the
cow' Is in that district. He did not think they would require
more judges than were now in the hal,it of presiding over the
existing courts. The judges hould be appointed by the Lord
Chancellor or the Secretary of State for the time being. The
mode of proceeding before the court would be the same as that
contained in all local Bills passed since the report of the Com-
mission on the stlbjeet.. There wore a considerahle number
of clauses in the Bill, which referred to the more minute de.
tails and working of the principle of t Bhe ill. He thought the
teeasure calculated to do good, and he trusted the measure
would receive the sanction of their Lordships.
The -Bill was then read a second time.
THE BOOK AND ENGRAVINGS BILL, AND THE
e Iig&Q.QIPTION OF TITHE BILL
Were read a first time, and orcier'ed to tiefeati csecenut thte
.on Monday next,
ad,ioulao4