The Sun.
London, England, 1846-09-30 00:00:00

LIVERPOOL, WEDNESDAY, SIX O'CLOCK, A.M,

Shortly after four o'clock this morning the boom-
ing noise of cannon announced the approach of the
royal mail steam-ship Britannia, Captain Hewitt ;
she sailed from Boston on the Ist, and Halifax on
the ad, and has therefore made a fair average pas-
sage, bringing 50 passengers, and the semi-monthly
mails from Canada and the United States. The
steam-ship Cambria, which sailed from Liverpool on
the 4th instant, had not reached Boston when the
13ritannia

The news by this arrival is ten days later than that
previously received. The Courier and Enquirer of
the 15th instant says :
In political matters there is little variation since our
last paper. The rumour which has reached us by the
way of Jamaica of the capture of Monterey, in Cali-
fornia, by the American squadron, and which was hardly
credited, has since been confirmed. The proclamation
of Commodore Sloat, commanding the American naval
forces in the Pacific, dated 6th of July, has been re-
ceived. On that day he entered the harbour of Mon-
terey, and in his proclamation called on the Califor-
nians to remain tranquil, assuring them that he came as
a friend to the people, and that California was destined
to form part and parcel of the great Federal Union.
Several weeks ago, the Lexington store ship sailed from
this port for California, with stores, ammunition, and
cannon, and having on board a company of United
States Artillery—in order to aid in the permanent esta-
blishment of the authority and jurisdiction of the United
States in that region. A regiment, 800 strong, will embark
here to-morrow with the same destination, in three
large transports, now lying off Governor's Island, in this
harbour, where the California regiment is encamped.
This corps is abundantly supplied with all the materiel
for constructing and arming fortifications, and is alto-
gether a very efficient force, so that it is obvious that the
permanent possession of Upper California has been one
of the objects aimed at from the commencement of hos-
tilities, and which is not, under any circumstances, likely
to be relinquished.
The operatic) 'is on the coast of the gulf of Mexico
have been inactive. The return of Santa Anna to
Mexico may or may not promote a pacific arrangement
with the United States. Overtures to such an end have
been transmitted to him from the President of the
United States through Commodore Connor, command-
ing the gulf squadron. Santa Anna reached Vera Cruz
on the 16th of August, and was received with open
arms. We have no account yet of his having reached
the city of Mexico, but everything there was ready for
his cordial reception. The latest dates from Vera Cruz
are of the 29th ult. At that time the dispatches of the
President for Commodore Connor had been received,
and communication was immediately had with Vera
Csuz by means of a flag. What the nature of the pro-
positions of this Governmeet is, or what the reception
they are likely to meet with from Santa Anna, is, as
yet, mere conjecture. The United States brig of war
Truxton was lost on a shoal off Tuppan, about 120
miles north Vera Cruz, on 14th ult. Her commander,
Captain Carpender, with the majority of his officers and
crew, surrendered themselves prisoners to the Mexicans.
Lieutenant Hunter, one other lieutenant, and 14 men,
escaped to the squadron in a small Mexican schooner,
which they captured with one of the boats of the
Truxton. _ _ _ _

Meantime the war on the Rio Grande languishes—
the season and the want of sufficient waggon trains alike
forbidding active operations. The next accounts, how-
ever, from Camargo will probably communicate news of
the first forward movements of the invading columns that
are to penetrate the interior.
General Kearney was at the last dates, 3d ultimo, ad-
vancing rapidly from Bent's Fort upon Santa Fe. His
force of 1,500 men was almost too large for his supplies
and for the rapidity of his movements—and more than
enough to overcome any resistance he was likely to
meet with on the march or on reaching Santa Fe. He
was husbanding his resources, and had put his men on
half rations.

One of the marking events of the last fortnight is
the return of Mr. M'Lane, late Minister to London,
and the reply which he made to a congratulatory ad-
dress of the Chamber of Commerce of this city. The
address and reply will be found in this paper, and
therefore we abstain from comment other than to say,
that the kind things uttered in the British Parliament
about Mr. M'Lane and his good agency in bringing the
Oregon negotiation to a fortunate and satisfactory ter-
mination have not, a, both the address of the President
of the New York Chamber of Commerce and the reply
of Mr. M'Lane will testify—fallen upon barren .ground.
Mr. M'Lane is to be entertained by the merchants and
C..tizens of New York, at a public dinner, as soon as the