The Sun.
London, England, 1848-06-20 00:00:00

positories of public authority are held responsib!e, each
in what concerns him, for all the acts of the government
and of the administration. The legislative body deter-
mines the cases of their respective responsibility.
" The Ministers have cats, e.v (fficio, in the National
Assembly, and must be heard rdienever they request it.
" There is to be a Court.l ,:f State composed of forty
members at least. The hi, tabers of this Council are
named for three years by the National Assembly, during
the first month of each legislature, by ballot and by
absolute majority. They are indefinitely re-eligible.
" Those of the members of the Council of State who
have been chosen from the National Assembly, are to
be immediately replaced by other representatives of the
people.
" The members of the Council of State cannot be re-
voked but by the Assembly, upon the proposal of the
President of the Republic.

" The Council of State draws up the projects of laws
that the Government proposes to the Assembly, as well
as the projects of Parliamentary initiative which the
Assembly submits to its examination. It makes the re-
gulation of public administration, and exerts, with re-
spect to departmental and municipal administrations, all
the powers of control and of inspection which are de-
ferrvd to it by law. Its other attributes are to be regu-
late• by the legislative body. The legislative body de-
termines the functions, subordination, and the attribu-
tions of administration and of administrative bodies.
OF THE JUDICIARY POWERS.
. . . _

"Justice is administered in the name of the people.
It is gratuitous. The forms of the procedure are to be
abridged and simplified.

" The jury is- to be successively applied by special
laws, to the decision of the fact in all civil matters.
" It is likewise to be extended to correctional matters
in the cases and according to the forms determined by
law.

" The juges de premiere instance et d'appel are named
by the president of the republic, according to an order
of candidateship which shall be regulated by the law of
judiciary organization.
" The judges of the tribunal of cassation are named
by the National Assembly.
The magistrates of the public ministry are named by
the President of the Republic.
" The judges of the tribunals de premiere instance,
d'appel, and of cassation, are named ler fife. They can
be revoked and suspended by a sentence, for those causes
and in such forms as shall be determined by the lane.
The law of judiciary organization shall fix the age at
which the judges can be put en retraite.
" Thera shall be for all France one superior adminis-
trative tribunal, which shall decide on all litigious mat-
ters connected with public administration. The compo-
sition, functions, and forms of this tribunal shall be
decided by the law. The members of the administrative
tribunal shall be appoiuted by the President of the
Republic, on a list of presentation drawn up by the
council of state. They cannot be revoked but by the
President, and with the advice of the council of state.

" The members of the cour des comptes shall be ap •
pointed and revoked in the same manlier.
" A special tribunal of the judges of the cour de casea-
tion and of councillors -of state, appointed every three
years, both in equal numbers, by their respective bodies,
shall decide on the conflicts of functions between the
administrative and judicial authority.
" Appeals against the decisions of the tribunal des
comptes shall be submitted to the Court of Conflicts (des
conflits).
" OF THE HIGH COURT OF JUSTICE.

" A high court of justice judges without appeal or re-
course to caseation accusations preferred by the National
Assembly, whether against its own Members, or against
the President of the Republic, or the Ministers. It
judges also all persons accused of crimes, or plots against
the safety of the state, internql or external. It can only
bo constituted by a decree of the National Assembly,
which shall declare the city in which it shall be con-
voked. Its members will choose their President. The
jurors are selected from the members of the councils -
general of the departments. When a decree of the Le-
gislative Assembly has ordered the foundation of a high
court of justice, the President of the tribunal sitting in
the chiet place of each department draws by lot, in
public audience, the name of a member of the council-
general. Over the eighty-six jurytnen thus specified
the accused and the Public Minister exercise the right
of challenge as in ordinary matters, but so as always to
leave a jury of 12 citizens. The verdict by the jury of
guilty shall be given by a majority of two-thirds.
" GUARANTY OF RIGHTS.

" The punishments of death, confiscation, slavery,
perpetual punishment, and corporal degradation, are
suppressed in matters regarding the press, the stamp,
and the censorship. The liberty of printing is ac-
knowledged with the necessary guarantees for public
and private interests. No one can be arrested or de-
tained but according to the forms and in the cases pre-
scribed by law. No one can be tried but by the ordi-
nary tribunals. There cannot, in consequence, be
created commissions or extraordinary tribunals under
any pretence. They who require, promote, sign, exe-
cute, or cause to be executed, arbitrary acts, are guilty,
and should be punished. The law shall define by what
signs a religion shall be ranked in society as an ac-
knowledged religion. The obligation to taxation is the
guarantee of property.

" The prePerly-tux is only imposed for one year.
The indirect taxes may be imposed for several years.
"All tho young citizens should be sent to public
schools to be in common, each according to his destina-
tion and faculties, and to learn the rights and duties of
a man and a citizen.

" The holding double employments or salaries is in-
terdicted.

" The codes, laws, and regulations actually existing
remain in force until they shall be legally abrogated."

The Committee on the Constitution met yesterday
morning, and made a most important alteration in
their proposition :—lnstead of the President being ap-
pointed by the direct vote of the people, it is now pro-
posed that five candidates shall be elected by universal
suffrage, and that from among them the Assembly shall
choose the President.
The Assembly met at one o'clock.

M. Turck brought forward three propositions to fix
the position of the working classes in the national
workshops, and out of them. The principal points of
the two first are, that the men employed in the na-
tional workshops of the Seine are, within the space of
a fortnight after the promulgation of the present pro-
position, to be sent home to their own communes at the
expense of the State ; and that whoever receives money
from these establishments, without being in such a state
of want as to demand assistance, shall be prosecuted as
thieves. The third refers to certain modes of improving
the moral condition of the working classes. To be de-
veloped on a future day to be hereafter decided on.
M. de Falloux presented the report of the Commit-
tee on the Bill, demanding three millions for the na-
tional workshops. The report blames the extreme slow-
ness which has been manifested by the Government in
completing the census, as ordered by the Assembly. In
fact, when the Committee had commenced examining the
Bill just alluded to, scarcely anything had been done, and
the Committee had been obliged to impress on the Go-
vernment the necessity of at least doing something, if
not all that could be desired. The Committee, above
all, insisted on the necessity of raising the character of
the men employed in these establishments, and obliging
them to have some feeling of the disgrace attached to
men living in idleness in place of being supported by their
own honest exertions. The works on the railways
and other public works would be a useful means
of employing these men, but something effec-
tive might have been done already, had the
Government exerted itself more energetically. The
Committee considered that it ought to call on the As-
sembly to prolong its powers as the body appointed to
watch over the national workshops, since the most active
and constant superintendence appeared necessary. It
concluded by proposing to the Assembly to grant the
credit of three millions demanded; but as a considerable
part of that sum had already been spent when the Bill
was brought forward, it must call on the Assembly for
the future not to grant more than one million at a time;
and next to continue its functions to the Committee.

M. Trelat, the Minister of Foreign Works, said that
it was a must difficult matter to arrange and re-organize
a matter which had been now for some months placed
on a certain footing, and, in fact, settled on fixed con-
ditions. Something had, however, been already done,
and in the course of the week the results of the exer-
tions of the Government would be more marked. The
Honourable Minister then gave an account of the pro-
ceedings of the Government in sending from the na-
tional workshops the men there employed. Already
1,200 had been sent to the Charente, and 400 others
were to be forwarded on the 21st; a brigade of 500 had
been sent to the Marne, and others would be dispatched
successively to the number of 4,000; the department of
the Seine had received 300, and on Wednesday, the 21st,
the same number would be forwarded, and on the 24th
as many more; 1,200 had been sent to the Haute Seine,
and 400 others would be sent in the course of the week.
500 were to be employed in Paris, and 1,600 in the works
of' the Tours to Nantes Railway. The Hon. Minister
then declared that very erroneous opinions had been
formed of the men in the national workshops. Some
persons went so far as to consider them malefactors.—
(" Oh, oh!" loud denial.) They were the brothers of
every man present, and merited the deepest attention
of all thinking men. He had been applied to repeatedly
to send away the persons there employed, but he had
always refused. Ile could not assume the responsibility
of such an act. Many of the Hon. Representatives before
him were of opinion that this ought to be done at any
risk.—(Cries of " No, no.'') " Bear in mind," said the
Honourable Minister, addressing the Assembly with
great emphasis, " that you are about to discuss the rail-
way Bill with the national workshops still existing --."
—(Dreadful agitation arose in every part of the cham-
ber at this menance, which lasted some time.) The
Hon. Minister entreated his hearers not to attribute to
his words a greater importance than they merited. He
merely meant to express what the reporter of the Com-
mittee had already declared in other words. The Hon.
Representatives could not so well understand the diffi-
culties of this question, ❑otwithstat:ding all their good
intentions, as he who had made it his especial study.
It was not enough for him to come forward and demand
a vote of money, in order to effect what the Assembly
might direct with respect to the national workshops—
there was the necessity of preparing for the depar-
ture of the men, and then of sending them off
by brigades. This was a most difficult task, but
it had at last been surmounted ; every two days,
and sometimes every day, the men would now be for-
warded to the provinces. To do as he had been asked
by the Committee—to send them off en masse, was im-
possible; public works would give employment, no
doubt, to many; but it was, after all, private industrial
enterprises that must be looked to as the means of
giving employment to the many thousands that de-
manded it. He trusted that confidence would speedily
be restored, and then employment would present itself
for all.