The Sun.
London, England, 1848-09-11 00:00:00

NORWICH MUSICAL FESTIVAL.

NORWICH, SIINDAT.—The preparations for the forth-
coming musical festival, which will commence to-mor-
row, are on a most extensive scale, and promise great
effectiveness.
His Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge, who has
accepted an invitation from the Lord Bishop of Norwich
to spend a week at the Palace during the festival, will
arrive by special train from London to-morrow; and
amongst the distinguished persons who have signified
their intention of being present at the festival, and who
have received invitations to dine with the Bishop, are the
Marquis of Bristol, the Marquis of Douro, the Earl of
Orford, the Earl of Rescbery, Earl Gosford, Lord Strad-
broke, Earl Jermyn, Lord George Bentinck, Lord Bane-
lagh, Lord Jocelyn, Lord Hastings, Lord Burners, Lord
Stafford, Lord Sondes, Lord Walsingham, the Rev. Lord
Bayning, Lord Wodehonse, Lord Colborne, Mr. Justice
Patteson, Mr. Baron Alderson, Mr. Baron Rolfe, the
Earl of Leicester, the Hon. E. Coke,-M.P., the Dean of
Norwich, Sir E. Bacon, Bart., the Rev. W. Kemp, Bart.,
Sir W. Proctor, Bart., Sir W. Ffolkes, Bart., Sir T. ii.
Durrant, Bart., Sir R. P. Joddrell, Bart., Sir C. Chadd,
Sir Augustus Henniker, Bart., Sir J. H. Preston, Bart.,
Sir E. Stracy, Bart., Sir E. H. Lacon, Bart., Sir T. Hare,
Bart., Sir W. Jones, Bart., Sir J. P. Boileau, Sir W.
Foster, Major-General Sir R. Harvey, Bart. ; Captain
-Sir E. Travers, Sir 11. Robinson, Mr. G. Hudson, M.P.
Mr. W. Bagg, M.P., Mr. E. Wodehouse, ALP., Mr.
H.
N. Burroughs, M.P., Mr. S. M. Peto, M.P., Mr. C.
E. Rumbold, M.P., Mr. J. Sanders, M.P., Mr. E. S.
Gooch, M.P., Mr. E. Fellows, M.P., the High Sheriff,
the Mayors of Norwich, Yarmouth, Lynn, and Thet-
ford, &c.
The band consists of 400 performers, under the di-
rection of Mr. Benedict. Among the principal vocal
performers are Madame Viardot Garcia, Madame Cas-
tellon, Mademoiselle Alboni, the Misses Williams, Signor
Lablache, Mr. Sims Reeves, Mr. H. Phillips, Mr. Lockey,
Mr. Whitworth. Mr. Blagrove will lead the band.
; The performance will take place in St. Andrew's Hall,
which has been superbly fitted up for the occasion.
I The general rehearsal will take place at ten o'clock
to-morrow morning,. for which the price of admission
has been fixed at one guinea.
.On Wednesday the first morning performance will
commence with " The Christian's Prayer," by Spohr, to
be followed by Haydn's-oratorio of The Creation. In
the evening, Mendelssohn's First Walpurgis Night, fol-
lowed by a scene from Der Freischutz, and a selection
from Mozart's La Clemenza di Tito, and to conclude with
Wallace's new National Antheni, "_Oh preserte and
bless the Queen."
On Thursday morning the p:aformance will consist of
Mendelssohn's oratorio of Elijah. The principal solo
parts will be sustalaed-by Messrs. Phillips, Whitworth,
S. Reeves, Lockey, Madame Garcia, Mlle, Alboni, and.
Madame Castellon. In the evening, in addition to Bene-
dict's Crusaders a miscellaneous performance will-take
place.
On Friday the concert will- cortabit of _DA wiside_Peni-
tente, Mozart, and Israel in Egypt, Handel.
The performances will close on Friday evening with a
grand dress ball, under the direction of M. Jullien.

, -
SIR
ROBERT PEEL AND MR. SALT, OF Bpmnsia-
ItABI.—Mr. T. C. Slt has received -the following note
in reply to his letter on the currency to the Right 'Hon.
Baronet:—

"Drayton Manor, Sept. 1, 1848.
"Sir Robert Peel presents his compliments to Mr.
Salt, and his had the honour of receiving this day the
communication addresied to him by Mr. Salt. Sir
Robert Peel will limit himself to the assurance that he
gives Mr. Salt entire- credit for .a sincere and disinte-
rested conviction of the truth of the doctrines which he
maintains on tho subject of• the currency, and that Sir
Robert Peel does not consider that he has the slightest
ground to complain of the temper. or 'spirit in which
Dlr. Salt has expressed his total and unqualified dissent
from the views of Sir Robert Peel."

'DETERMINED ATTEMPT AT SUICIDE IN WILLIAM-
SON-SQUARE, LIVERPOOL.—About ten o'clock last night,
a gentleman, apparently about thirty years of age, and
of respectable exterior, went down into Mr. Clarke's
shooting gallery, in Williamson square, in this town,
aed asked to have a few pistol shots at the bull's eye.
The pistols were handed to him, and he fired fourteen
shots. The fifteenth loaded pistol was then handed
to him, when he deliberately said to the party
in charge of the gallery, " We will now try
it this time," at the same moment applying the
mouth of the pistol to his right jaw, which, without
further ceremony he discharged. The contents of the
deadly weapon lodged in the unfortunate man's jaw and
head, and it was, supposed for a moment that life was
extinct. He, however, rallied, and was taken to the
Northern Hospital, where, we learn, up to the hour of
going to press, he lies in a most hopeless state. The
melancholy occurrence, for which there appeared no
imaginable reason, necessarily caused
.the greatest con-
sternation in the neighbourhood.—Liverpool Chronicle
of Saturday.
THE LATE AMATEUR PERFORMANCE AT THE
THEATRE ROYAL.—Yosterday the committee of the
Brunswick Club, which conducted the late amateur and
other
performances at the Theatre Royal, for the benefit
of the sufferers by the Ocean Monarch, brought their
labours to a close by presenting the handsome sum of
1501. to the treasurer of the charity, Mr. Daniel Neil-
son. The spirited manner in which this undertaking
was conducted, from first to last, reflects the highest
credit on.all .the parties connected with it.: When it
was determined to assist the unfortunate sufferers by the
performance, the members of the club who happened to
be present at the time the subject was mooted subscribed
thirty guineas in aid of the undertaking, to prevent the
possibility of loss or failure ; and the spirit with which
the public and the professional leaders, and gentlemen in
the town, seconded the efforts of the amateurs, has pro-
duced the gratifying result we have mentioned.—
Liverpool Chronicle of Saturday.'
LIEUTENANT EDWARDES....-.This young officer,
whose skill and gallantry in routing the army of the
Moultan Raja with a handful of men have been for the
last fortnight the subject of so much commendation in
the continental as well as in' the British press, is a na-
tive of Frodesloy, in Salop, where he was baptized on
the 17th of January, 1820,, so that his laurels, of which
the oldest general in the army might be proud, have
been -won early indeed. His father, the Rev. Benjamin
Edwardes, brother to Sir Henry Edwardes, of Rytorr-
grove, Shrewsbury, was at the period, and for many
years, rector of Frodesley, at an income of 3701. per
annum. After receiving a preparatory education in his
native village, the subject of this notice was sent to
King's College, London, where, under the superinten-
dence of the Rev. Dr. Lonsdale, now Bishop of Lich-
field, his instruction was completed. He was ono of
those cadets, therefore, who had not the advantage
afforded him of an education in the Honour-
able East India Company's establishment at Ad-
discombe. To a fortunate accident, therefOre, do
the company and the country owe the possession of the
young hero's services. Through the instrumentality of
his uncle, Sir Henry Edwardes, was the young man
nominated to a cadetship by Sir Richard Jenkins,
G.C.8., late M.P. for Shrewsbury, many years on the
civil department in India. He was passed and sworn on
the 26th of August, 1810, as direct cadet of infantry on
the Bengal estab!ishrnent, and shortly afterwards pro-
ceeded to the scene of his future glorious career. It may
bo added, for distinction sake, that tiie hamo of the officer
is Herbert Benjamin Edwardes, as several directors,
from a similarity of surname in their own protégés, have
been led into the mistake that the nomination of the
young offic-r was theirs. A pleasing incident may be
here mentioned. On Mr. Homo rising in the Lower
llouse, a few nights since, to inquire into the nature of
the reward intended to be conferred on Lieutenant Ed-
wardes, Lord J. Russell somewhat qnielely interposed,
and, addressing Sir John Hobhouse and Mr. Huine, said
that the nature of the reward would be made known to
the officer by a communication from the Sovereign her-
self. A difficulty will arise as to the promotion of L:eu-
tenant Edwardes, owing to the peculiar regulations of
the; Company's service, 'he heir* but yet a junior
lieutenant ; bat it is generally thought that, in the
present instance, a speCial case will be made, and that
-he will at VW bo.lVolotel to the rank of 'icld Officer;

I It may, therefore, almost be said that the system of
atmospheric propulsion has fallen into abeyance.
It was not, therefore, without some feelings of dis-
trust and misgiving that we inspe.cted on Saturday last
at the Rosemary Branch Tavern,, in Peckham, the
model of a railway, worked by .a new mode of at-
mospheric traction, which promises, we think, judg-
ing from the experiments we witnessed, to supersede
entirely the old and exploded system of Mr. Samuda,
and ;to commend itself, from its vastly inferior cost
and simplicity, to the directors of railways in pro-
gress, but more especially to those who possess short
traffic ; for instance, the Camden incline on the
North- Western, and on a more extended scale on
the South Devon, where its applicability might be
severely tested on the steep gradients. The inventor
seems very desirous to 00-operate in a generous spirit
with those interested in other systems, with the view
of adopting one general and satisfactory plan, an-
swsring, in fact, all that is good in the old system, and
eschewing all that has been proved, by practical and
painful experience, to be altogether valueless and costly.
We should state here, perhaps, that Mr. Piatti, of
Milan, is the inventor, and that it has been patented
in this country by Messrs. Prosser and Carcano.

The plan is thus clearly described byihe---gentle-
men interested in its promotion, to one of whom (the
gentleman who devoted much pains to indoctrinate
us into the novelty of the invention) we have to
express our thanks :
" A reservoir is filled with compressed air, by
means of a four-horse Cambrian steam-engine--a
communication between the reservoir and traction
tube is maintained by a pipe, and the supply of air
regulated by a cock. The- line of rails, which are
eighteen inches apart, is-+6O yards long—fifty thereof
being on an incline of 1 in 30—a traction tube is
placed between the rails, of 2f-inch bore, giving an
area of a trifle less than four inches. On the piston
being inserted in this tube, and the end of the pipe
hermetically closed, and the coulter attached to the
carriage, which, with its load, weighs one ton—
compressed air of about 301bs. pressure is admitted,
and allowed to exercise its force for only twenty-one
yards. This gives sufficient momentum for its tra-
velling over the remaining line,,of about 79 yards on
a level, and nearly 50 more-on the inclined plane.
" This system is based in the power of compressed
air, acting on a piston, travelling in a series of longi-
tudinal iron tubes, fixed between the usual iron rails.
The upper side of. the tube has, in its whole length,
alslot or aperture. The tube iafurnished with a lon-
gitudinal vulcanised india rubber valve, which, shut-
ing from within, closes the above slot. The piston
has a vertical coulter, which, passing through the
slot, is attached to the first carriage of the train. At
the commencement of, and at convenient distances on
the line, are reservoirs, which are filled with com-
pressed air, by means of small steam-engines con-
stlantly at work, Or •by water power when advan-
tageously to be obtained. . To set the train in motion
the piston is inserted in the traction pipe, and the
,a4ialltor attaolicrl to- the gre.6 -carriage'; compressed
air is then admitted from the reservoir into the
traction pipe, and acting behind the piston,
imparts a velocity_ according to the power
employed, hermetically closing the longitudinal
valve the moment the piston has passed. The corn-
pi eised air can easily be continued of the same force
the whole of the course. The cocks of the reservoirs
on the line may be worked by the train itself as it
passes. The tube at several sections, according to the
number of the - reservoirs, has within it tranverse
valves to stay the passage of the compressed air ;
suspends its action on,the piston when nearing a
station; and to maintain and determine the commu-
nication from one tube to the other, and in crossing
the road.

" Numerous advantages are possessed by the At
mospheric Vacuum Railway. over the locomotive;
viz., immense saving in cost of construction of the
line and maintenance thereof ;• impossibility of colli-
sions, of trains taking fire, or of running off the rails;
facility of travelling up steeper inclines, and on curves
of very small radius ; the direct application of the
motive power on the load itself, instead of being, in
a great measure absorbed by the locomotive engine
and tender ; and the consequent ability of drawing
twenty tons more goods every journey, from the
absence of the locomotive and tender, usually of that
weight.
".Mr. Piatti's system has all the above, as also the
following advantages over the vacuum.
" 1. Perfect closing of the longitudinal valve,
which prevents any escape of air or,loss of power.
" 2. Uniformity of diameter of traction tubes at all
acclivities.
" 3. Facility of increasing or diminishing the pro-
pelling power according to the weight of the train.
" 4. Facility of augmenting the speed of the train
" 5. Facility of surmounting steeper inclines.
" 6. Regularity and precision in the service of the
trains.
" 7. Saving by the engine and air punips, being
considerably less; and constantly at work.
" 8. Economy of about twenty per cent. in con-
struction of the line. •
" 9. Economy of about twenty-five per cent. in its
maintenance."
This is a manifestat improvement over the vacuum
system, inasmuch as according to Mr. Piatti's plan
of compressed air no waste can take place; the power
is expended in moving the train alone, and not on any
foreign object. Its promoters, who consider that the
engine-houses should be four or five miles apart, in-
stitute the following cemparison between the two
systems :
"THE VACUUM Svvress.-1. The longitudinal valve,
shutting on the outside of the tube, and having a
pressure of only from two to ten pounds on the
square inch, canna shut close, consequently much
air gets in, and a considerable portion of the vacuum
is destroyed, and propelling power lost.
"2, 3,4, and s.—As the power, resulting from
the pressure of the atmospheric or external air kabout
eight pounds on the square inch) on the surface of
the piston cannot be increased, it will be necessary
to change the ordinary tubes, and replace them by
much larger pipes and pistons, whenever an increase
of power is required for heavier trains than ordinary,
steeper inclines, or increased .velocity.
"6. The closing of the longitudinal yalve being
very faulty, a decreaSe in .velocity of .the train fre-
quently occurs, and sometimes a total stoppage.
"7. Large air-pnmps required to be Worked
by very powerful steam-engines, becaese,
of the pumps being intermittent, :they Eirep;nl,3,.
nearly two-thirds of the time. Much loss of
closing
power also takes sO
ace, from theimps
y,,action
of the longitudinal
_.,l4ye, which admits
tubes.its the extemal
air, and diminishes' tho:,v rn
,agnu a.
ai#ick..as a
fifteen
8. This system requirLiojeka road,
itcooabevarkty
more
levelled than that for compress,
of tubes and pistons from a diainot,9r_ of
inches upwards.
"9. Repairs of road from embankments, ett.cti,ngAt
&c to make it more level; also repairs of I4rge
.)
apparatus to valVe,
si.piep.e,s,mpalksitn7 ri- complicatedthaewßrking expenses high.'
"iMu. PIATTI'S COMPRESS AIR.--i. 'fl longi-
tudinal valve shuts within the tube, and no air (tail
escape, as the pressure from the compressed air within
the tube of at least thirty pounds to'the square inch,
must close the valve hermetically, and prevent any
loss of propelling power.
"2;3, 4, and s.—To accomplish the same objects,
no change of tubes or pistons is requisite—it is only
necessary to increase the force of the compressed air,
which can be done to an ahriost unlimited extent. It can
also be diminished at pleasure, by admitting smaller
quantities through the cocks, which the train itself
regulates in its passage.

XlB,OOO
N.8.-15-inch tube at even 10 lbs. pressure to square
inch give only a motive power of 1,760 lbs.

... £ 900
... 800

EXPENSE OF WORKING.
Five per cent. on first outlay
Repairs of Engines,Valves, Pi s tons,&e., and Coals,
for 209-11orse. engine ...
Sundries

COMPRESSED AIR.

750
300

£2,250

Construction of road ... £5,000
Rails, &c.' laid-down ... 3,000
Traction Tubes, Valves, Pistons, &c., laid down
(8-inch tube) ...
Steam-engine, Air-pumps, and Engine-houses
(50-horse engine).
Reservoirs ...

... 4,500

1,000
300

£13,800
N.8.-8-inch tubes at 45 lbs. pressure to square inch
give 2,2.50 motive power.

... £690
250

EXPENSE OF WORKING.
Five per cent. on first outlay ...
Repairs of road ...
Repairs of Engines, Valves, Pistons, &c., and
Coals, for 50-horse engine "'Sundries ...

400
200

£1,540
It is stated that Mr. Piatti's system would not re-
quire •so level a road as the vacuum ; and indeed,
judging from the experiments we witnessed, the great
rapidity with which the little carriage passed along a
somewhat uneven set of lines, and the ease with
which it mounted the steep incline (1 in 30), we
should imagine that a train of carriages propelled on his
plan would pass up Primrose-bill without difficulty.
In conclusion, we may be permitted to express a hope
that the ingenious inventor may, ere long, be enabled
to test his system upon a more extended and .P,r041..r,
scale. It may be witnessed any day from twa to
five, and the admission is free. •,4

COMMITTAL OF Al REGISTRAR- ca,
OF BIRTHS, ac,, -FOR FELONY. ~ '
. i,
LIVERPOOL, SATURDAY._-,-Charles- Chubb, -the regis-_.
trar of births, marriages, and deithS, was
~biziglit„,pk. 'bq
before Mr. Rushton this InOrnifig: ' 'The charge was'lhe....
fabrication of name§ ift,thesnegistryebeitk.o with the ob-
ject-:
of defrauding the overseers. -There was also a charge
of forgery, the registrar having filled in the name of an
informant contrary- to law, which specifies that each ap-
plicant shall tign his or her name in the registrar-book.
The case was fully gond into on Friday, when it was
proved by several witnesses that the seven records of
births made by the prisoner on the 22d of August were
fictitious, no such persons as.those appearing in the book
being found in the street set down-as-their place of rag-
.Thistmorning the prisoner was attended by his pro-
fessional adviser, Mr. Charles Pemberton.
;Mr. Snowball, the attorney for the Solicitor to the
Treasury, the prosecutor, stated that, though there
were many cases besides the seven gone into the preced-
1 ing day, he should not then go into any more, but: should
content himself by strengthening the charge by the pro-
' diction of other witnesses.
Joseph Blewer, a relieving officer for the district over
which Chubb's jurisdiction as registrar extended, proved
thlit in Eaton-street, which was act down in the register
book as the place of residence of one person referred to,
thpre were no houses numbered as four (26, 32, 36, and
12,) entered in the book.
Vim. Williams, ne of the parish collectors, produced
,
th poor-rato book; for the purpose of showing that the
n*nes recorded in the registrar's book, and assigned - to'
Eaton-street, had no existence.
Mr. Pemberton stated that Mr. Chubb, acting under
his advice, would reserve any defence he had to make
un•til a future day.
Mr. Rusutox said that he should commit the prisoner
to. take his trial at the assizes, and would not decide at
present whether or not bail should be accepted.

iSTEAM NAVIGATION.—III the Act relating to steam
navigation, noticed in The Sun of Saturday, reference is
made to the 9 and 10 Vic., cap. 100 ; and it is directed
that twice in every year, on or before the 30th April and
the 31st October, two declarations shall be sent by the
owners of steam-vessels to the Board of Trade respecting
such vessels. The enactment is now to apply to all
stelamers, irrespective of the distance they run ; these
deelarations are only referred to in the new Act,'but are
particularly mentioned in the one passed in August,
18f6. The first declaration is to be as, to the sufficiency
and good condition of the hull of every steanie.r, under
thi hand of a shipwright surveyor, to be appointed by
till Board of Trade ; and the second, as to the sufficiency
and good condition of the machinery of such steam-
vessels, s si
k e le manner.s,unde T
r t hhaen engineer,ddecoflaarnationso
re t
oto b
ebe r
,registered,
s t approvedered,
and certificates granted of the same, in which the Board
of ttTrade may, under the.new law, limit the number of
passengers to be carried. Owners who have not trans-
mi ted the declarations, are required to do to by tho
20 h instant. A- penalty of 10s. a day can be levied on
th owners, in delaying to send. the declarations to the
1
Bollard of Trade.

HE SEWERS IN BLACKFRIARS• ROAD.--111 COMO-
qu ace of the repeated remonstrances of the inhabitants
of lackfriars-road, the ditch in Boundary. row, which
ha been a source of disease for many years, was covered
upi by the direction of the Commissioners of Sewers, all
iroin gratings were laid down along that part ofshero
road
bellween Great Charlotte-street and the Surreybating athe
Theatre.
It svas found, however, that this, instead o
ofsisting of tho
inhabi-
tants was then held, and a deputation,
thec°mnedical officers
nuisance, increased it. A vestry meeting the
churchwardens, the vestry clerk, andton
Lord Morpetb,
of the parish, were appointed to w
a remedy. Mr.
Selvers, to use his influence, in applying
uardians, acaordingly
Blake, clerk to the board ofi
an
interview,
but his
requesting
to request his Lordship, as one of wait
Commissioners of
wrote to Lord Morpeth,
mauintghowriotrieses:
his refusal. As the
assigning
the commissioners, was
state of the drain was att
L declined,°ci s hiP '
Mr, Herstlett, the secree
hYas been that on Saturday men
much
treeteo
the obnoxious gratings. ~
wete employed closing
ars.—On Saturday Jeremiah.
UICIDE AT
.TODLIORD
d left home a little after'
Iler at Todmar en, .
Suthers, bcers.e ,
found,
on Sunday afternoon, sus-'
written to, and the
breakfast.
Hebv"• the )Tall-wood, near Todmorden;
nded from a tree in
Pe-round his neck, which had been used. as a
be had a strap .
Ile was discovered by two boys who wend.
dog-couple. The
of food for rabbits. alarm was soon spread
in starch .
in aodmorden,. and Sergeant Heap and another police-
inatwevore. Alertly on the spot, but life was extinct. The
deceased hung with his knees nearly touching the ground.
On searching his pockets, Serge ant Heap
result.na °this
timfeerefth daily_elobeccaol
discovered 58/.
'ill ifrost 41.13%,.. in silver, anti lql, in copper. Suthers
liss,been torlheltst fiviii,or-eix weeks in a very low state
of mind, and has been afflicted, with a kind of melan-
choly. At tho summer itsiz ..i. at York, in the year 1832,
he was tried for the murder of John Horsfall of Long-
field, aho was last se: p alive
at the house of Suthers,
but ha was acquitted. There were strange rumours in
the neiglihournood at the time respecting his guilt,
which are now revived ar.d more confidently asserted
than ever. 'An ittqust was held en Mendey, at the
Queen's Hotel, before James Dearelen, Esq., and a re-
spectable jury, who returned a verdict of "Temporary
ins..tnity."— Leeds Mercury.
LONDON AND JS.ORTH - WESTERN RAILWAY.—RE.'
TIREM ENT OF l'Ar. it: CREED AND MR. BOOTH.—We
learn, with unfeigned regret, that Mr. Creed and Mr.
Booth gave in their resignations on Saturday. It is not
necessary that we should say of these gentlemen more
thtl'ri that they, and Mr. Saunders, the secretary of
• Great Western, are universally acknowledg d to thebe
'We believe
three of the ablest railway men of the day.
that both Mr. Creed and Mr. Booth join the direction.
and able supervision
and
we say this
This, it must he.confe ssed, is but a poor satisfaction for
the loss of their constant, vigilant, an
of the internal _affairs of the company;
with a fullknowledee of the various circumstances under
which the resigtiations have taken place.—Herald.