The Sun.
London, England, 1846-07-15 00:00:00

AMERICAN NEWS.
The following are extracts from the American papers
brought by the Caledonia :
AWFUL CATASTROPHE ! LOSS OF THE BRIG
STJTLEDGE, OF PICTOU, N.S. THIRTY PER-
SONS DROWNED.

The melancholy news of the loss of the brig Sutledge,
CaPt. Graham, of and from Pictou, N. S., for Fall River.
Was received here this morning ab,mt half-past nine
o'clock, by the arrival of the schooner Dusky Sally,
Capt. Wilder, of and from llingham.
On the arrival of the schooner at Stevens' wharf, the
information rapidly spread to all parts of the town, and
• the appalling scene presented was one the like of which
our inhabitants have seldom had occasion to witness.
On the deck lay the dead bodies of those who had been
Picked up from the wreck, surrounded by their kindred
and friends who had been rescued from a watery grave,
giving vent to their feelings in the most agonizing
manner.
The following particulars of the loss of the brig we
have received from the captain, who was among the
Survivors :
"The brig Sutledge, of and from Pictou for Fall
River, sailed on the 12th of June, with 56 passengers—
men,women, and children. On the evening of the 26th,
at eight o'clock, it being thick and foggy, came to
anchor ; and at two o'clock, on the following morning,
got under weigh, and about half-past three struck on a
bledge of rocks (in the Vineyard) called the Sow and
',iga• Soon after which, the tide having caused her to
!law round, she backed off the ledge, filled, and went
gown, bow first, in ten fathoms water. Previous to her
Nog down the mate was sent below, forward, to ascer-
tain if the brig leaked, but he discovered nothing that
looked like it—the pump was then ordered to be
• al)anded, but before that could be done, water was
reported in the forecastle. The boat was then got out
and the passengers rushed into it, when the captain gave
orders to shove her from the brig. He then jumped
overboard and swam to the boat, and kept her as close
to the brig as possible, picking up such as jumped into
!he water. The whole number picked up in the captain's
host Was 31 alive. Tne schooner Dusky Sally, being
bear, sent her boat to assist, and succeeded in saving
4 more alive, who were in the water, and three
more from the rigging of the sunken brig. Sixteen
'lead bodies, (four women and twelve children), were
418,, picked up by the two boats, which together with
!the survivors, were put on board the D. S. and brought
Villa place, as above stated. The Captain also states
• • at another vessel was at the same time picking up what
' Rita adrift from the wreck, &c.
MEXICAN WAR.

(From the New York Enquirer.)
The Union is sorely worried by Mr. Webster's
teueut calm and philosophic speech upon the Mexican
war, and the ways and means necessary to carry it on,
anti it cites Mr. Walker often, and Mr. Woodbury's
?id reports, at times to refute him. This makes people
to this part of the country, who know that when Mr.
but
speaks on the finances of the Govermnent he
uut reflects the opinions of commercial and business
men whom he consults, and who, therefore, through him
speak in behalf of experience and practical wisdom,
Smile. Mr. Walker, neither as a practical nor theo-
ketical financier, has much respect among that class of
men, and Mr. Woodbury's old reports were all romances
. 01` phynx's riddles.
The Union persists that the Warehousing Bill will
add Mr. Walker's million to the revenue. It is to so
augment our imports, we are told, by cheapening prices
.10
.the consumer, that the excess of imports, even under
drlnlv. tariff, will make up this duty. The grave Solon
doesg not inform us how we are ever to pay, in this
• country for this excess of imports, when even now,
*tinder what is called the high and black Tariff of 1E342,
Ae al'a often drained of the precious metals to pay Euro-
lir Workmen for making for us this excess of importa-
-1:; The country cannot import more than it can
ft,' 'or, for the very obvious reason that Europe will
le selling when we cease paying.
• Inds
chief point upon which, however, the Union ex-
' 10.14" the most of its ammunition, is upon what Mr.
abater says of the Mexican war. Because Mr. Web-
48"er did not, in his speech, condemn that war as unne-
tt„,,sarY aggressive, and unconstitutional in advancing our
"1351 to the Rio Grande, beyond the limits of the
tel°o, the Uuion would fain infer from some incidental
steblarks that he gives a quasi sanction to it. Mr. Web
r reserves his remarks upon this subject, no doubt,
co 'we all reserve our remarks till the war is over, and the
velt is counted, but if in him the Union expects a con-
-1:,,t1 it will find itself much mistaken.
rPeace, Union is for fighting on, until Mexico sues for
e, and therefore censures Mr. Webster's idea of a
tieerul embassy, or any suspension of hostilities till we
t2e trodden Mexico under our feet. It flippantly
titles
of marching within the walls of the capital,
Itpc n, if this ever be possible, against an nited euemy,
annot be done within a year, and at au cost less than
5° 000 0 in ken,' • 00, the necessary outfit of men and arma-
)4e '3: • No one proposes now to abandon our war with
l'eo, without the prospect of a permanent peace, but
the awns patriotic men urge that the olive branch go with
the .."11,—that, with the ability to conquer, we show
KeuelaPosition to settle, on equitable terms, an abiding
chahe
mock heroics of the Union in treating of this poor,
1,4;1,:e red, anarchical, contemptible Mexico, as it she
able England,
crag d, ors a
France, are both ludicrous and piti-
fa peril in the 50.40 swaggering in the
these 1„°,11 Bull, that lent dignity to the blusterer, but
bullying acilll
ws and antics before a Mexican, are like
Mexico, as APrian • When we have thrashed senseless
4, we partially
hearve bY this time, it is quite time to tell
the love-of •as a master does his schoolboy, not
it, but to teach him better behaviour,
"d when he promises better fashions, to hang up the
ti..!? this war with Mexico, we, a strong, and compaxa:
lz,..e_tY rich power, owe something to the respect of man
-
to to civilisation, and to. Christianity—unless war is
orae with us a trade, and conquest, instead of com-
I,Ce, our chief pursuit. The annexation of Texas is
tlecli the French call a fait accompli, but we cannot
het that
ourselves, or hide from the world the
)ethat it was a province torn from Mexico by our own
ta7t`e --that the boundary of Texas was the Nueces, and
44 We have in spite of Mexico, stretched that boun-
ke„.to Rio Grande, and that then we ostensibly invaded
bays 'lnn before she struck a blow. It is very true we
good claims against Mexico and that Mexico,
‘lll,4°Fae respects, severely injured our citizens—but the
be "a of the Mexican State of Tampulipas, was,
leclid all question, the ostensible cause of the war.
ow •
threw to this state of things, particularly when we are
it aseuing the armed occupation of California, we owe
riot mark of respect to the world, to show, that it is
httee" and conquest we are pursuing as a trade, but
Th.11):;u:1 that an equitable peace is all we desire.
is `;overnment, however, as the Union is its organ,
Tar. It for pursuing a war of conquest, and a long
/uptcy 4'4111 probably be arrested only by the bank-
.llln artn. tt:e Treasury, and the necessity of imposing
t,
-"a aPeea 07._,5• It will then walk out of favour with
i
a locomotive.

Thefoll LETTER FROM MR. CLAY.
r 4:
n_regaltile Llng letter from Henry Clay, addressed to a
''°urier 'lo use of high standing, is published in the

4(411t1e Ashland, June 5, 1846.
n,
Atli
'h —en,—l postponed answering your favour
YOU ie arrival of the articles to which it refers, which
reacher/ been kind enough to present to me. Theyac-
by
yesterday in safety, and I request your .
lye shei,' °f ray thanks for them. The pleasure which
by the 'derive from using them will be much increased
are e fact, that both the raw material and the fabric
which Illerican. Their excellence attests the perfection
histhis
important branch of woollen manufactures
tirYl •u littained in the United States, and it is the more gra-
, i,—
am,„ cause of the great difficulties with which they
fi' nstantl had to contend.
111.-4 both sides of the Atlantic, the policy of affording
cc °t"tien to domestic manufactures appears to be under
lel
.ideration in the national legislature. The British
do:tlvs.ter has brought forward a mean!
veral
of ;:les of free trade, not however without. exceptions
41d
degree eotr .
' and some very important, articles. The
impr d ove skill ana'
" ;."/* Great Britain have reached a very high
P!'r. ectiou by means of her great capital, her
Under a system
and
Protection long, perseveringly
of machinery, her cheap labour, and
Vigorously enforced. Rh
tlivantages for the s;,rea
~.'ualaufactures, in hermoreover9 possesses immense
'4Ol th f f • vast colonial from
and distribution of numerous
possessions,
,111., those o ()reign powers are either entirely ex-
p"ed, or admitted on terms very unequal with her own.
able not, therefore, surprised that under these favour-
-0:° elrennastances, Great Britain should herself be de-
tl;.°44.to adopt, and to prevail on other nations to adopt,
X_:Prineiples of free trade. I shall be, if any of the
itj_at nations of the Continent should follow an example,
aPractical effects of which will be so beneficial to her
a° injurious to them.
, The
Propriety (atte of affording protection to domestic
tho ufactures, its degree and its duration, depend upon
thetl,;,tional condition and the actual progress which
o to judge
fogy have made. Each nation, of right,
at,"'self. I believe that history records nounstance of
eliie great and prosperous nation,. which did not draw its
iitwatild supplies of food and raiment from within its own
or ttl' If all nations were just commencing their career,
h,,if their manufactures had all made equal progress, it
~,-.oltllt uerhaps be wise to throw open the. markets. of the
ji,ittid to the freest and most unrestricted constitution.
14.4 is manifest, that, while the manufactures. of some
they acquired all the maturity and perfection of. which. x are susceptible, and those of others are yetcoinmtheTr.
tio"ieY, strugglin hard for existence, a free p
.i
eipetl_,vveen them must redound to the. advantage of the
are illuen'eed and skilful, and to the injury of those who
140 lit beginning to naturalise and establish the arts.
0141 beg
,g-ratification to the heart of a statesman
rttlet,reater than that of having contributed to the
kr, .-..011
rLttw,
~ of a great system of national policy,. and of
lerttirrua witnessfcg its complete success in its practical,
\'', how,. That gra'tification can be enjoyed by thos
*l4g 'ecti .41re instrumental in establishing the policy of pro .
our
h domestic maeufactures. Every promise
$1°,144 t,ley made has been fulfilled. Every prediction
',,,at do ''ne hazarded as .to the quality and quantity of
lglatfiracatic supply, as to the reduction of prices, as to
it'c eel. tOf cometition at .home, and as to the ahund
,'t is °"' the, Public revenue, has been fully realised. And
711.11,), less remarkable that every counter prediction.
‘ti the -4 exception, of the opponents of the policy, has,
loiriit'lluel, been entirely falsified.
thtlio),'",nt tracing articularly the operation of our
lid pr'n`Lariffs, adjustPed to both the objects of revenue
me th -"vetion, and coining down to the last it seems to
NIA. at if there ever were a beneficial effect from any
c'f 181e:ieaaure fully demonstrated, it is, that the tariff
:t'rettik"' "Yond all controversy, relieved both the Go-
atii
oeifit and the people of the United States, from a
tiPtey. Pecuniary embarrassment bordering on bank-
kritert . .
lulling these views and opinions, I should