The Sun.
London, England, 1846-04-16 00:00:00

firttiaff

.LONDON, THURSDAY, APRIL 16, 1846.

'intelligence from the United States, brought by
the Hibernia steamer, and which appears in another
part of The Sun, is of considerable interest. The Senate,
afte4r,weC/cs_of debate, containing speeches not unfre-
quentiy,t, two days long" each, were still engaged on
the ``Oreton -question, and not even the most skilful
" guesser' could say with anything like an approxima-
tion' to truth when the last, speech would be made. In
such endless mazes were they lost. The PRESIDENT,
whO 4iifyetains all his declared hostility to this country,
had used his endeavours to quicken the decision,
having on 'the 24th of March taken advantage
of an opportunity, suggested, possibly, by himself, to
deliver a Message. This Message was in answer to a
call of the Senate respecting the necessity of an increase
of the navy and army; and, in answering that call,
Pols, very pointftdly blames them for their dilatory
prrieeedingl, and reiterates his insulting recommenda-
tion; respecting the claims of the Americans to the
of. Oregon. "In my annual, Message," said he,
" i recommended to the favourable consideration of
COligresd an increase in the naval force, e3Pe-
cially, or our steam navy, and the raising of
an adequate military force to guard and pro-
tect such of our citizens as might think proper
to "emigrate to Oregon. Since that period I have_ seen
na reason to recal or modify these recommendations ;
oirthe contrary, reasons exist which, in my judgment,
reqderit proper. not, only that they should be promptly
carried into effect,..but that additional provisions should
be made for-the public defence." In another paragraph
recurs to the subject, and says, "I have seen no rea-
sons to modify the recommendations of my annual Mes-
sage in regard to, the Oregon question. The notice to
ahtog,ate the treaty of the 6th August, 1827, cannot be re-
gaidEd as a warlike mßasnre ;-_aucl..l cannot withhold my
strong conviction that it should be promptly given. As

much as to say, "You have now been palavering here •
for a month on a question that requires no debate. You
stop other business,—you stop supplies for increasing the
army and navy, while England is making the most un-
usual and extraordinary armaments and warlike pre-
partitions, both at home and in her North American
possessions." What amount of additional sea and land
forces may be required, Mr. POLK, however, leaves as
much in the dark as ever. Some accounts say he wants
only ten war-steamers, with some frigates and
sloops ; but this evidently is not the extent
of his demands, for the Chairman of the
Naval Committee announced in the Senate that the num-
ber of new vessels recommended by the PRESIDENT was
much greater than the exigency required. From the
intelligence Altogether we might draw these conclu-
sions:—that POLK is fully determined on war with this
country, that he will not recede one inch from the line
of demarcation drawn in his annual Message, that he is
bent:on prompt measures fur making armaments and
other warlike preparations, that nothing has been done,
and nothing can be done, by negotiations,
and that America must go en increasing*
her " area," setting England, and France, and Spain
alike at defianee. It is impossible to lay down propo-
sitions by words in more unequivocal language than
those contained in that brief Message. But, notwith-
standing this violence, this blind fury against England,
we do not entirely give up all hopes of accommodation,
nor are we convinced that. if England only maintains
her rightful position, the people of the United States
will follow heedlessly the dictates of ibis dangerous and
unprincipled demagogue. The Senate evidently demurs to
his policy, the Naval Committee is not half so pugnacious as
POLK, the spare dollars are not very plentiful, the bonds
of the warlike and insolvent states of the west are worth
as much as their credit—that is, nothing ; the thriving,
industrious, and more respectable states on the Atlantic
coast have no wish to engage in a war, from which
they would be the first to suffer ; the slaveowners
in the south are still anxious to exchange their
cotton and tobacco for British manufactures ; they
wish also to avoid any commotion that might ulti-
mately agitate a sullen-, enslaved, and revengeful
population ; and neither free states nor slave
states can have any great predeliction for war with a
country that could, with her powerful navy and her
active war-steamers, blockade every harbour, tied put an
entire stop to commercial intercourse between them and
all the nations of the world. The " annexation of
Canada," and "whipping the Britishers," and " smash-
ing John Bull," are all fine-sounding phrases in the
mouth of an insolvent "far. wester," who is safe
in his remote prairies and woods from the effects
of British cannon ; but they are not at all suited
to the taste of that numerous population who must bear
the brunt of an attack such as Great Britain never yet
made upon this haughty Republic. These facts are
known to POLK and CASS, as well as to WEBSTER and
CALHOUN, and firmness on the part of England is all
that is required to make them act upon them too. We
are glad to find by this intelligence, that Lord ABER-
DEEN sent out no instructions. by the Hibernia to
make any new offers. England has offered everything
thatahe most anxious desire for peace could suggest,
she has, in fact, almost humbled herself in the eyes of
France by the concessions already. made. 'Alfieri= is
not supported in her pretensions by any one power, even
the most jealous of England's greatness, rand,- to go a
step farther, would amount to national disgrace. Sir
ROBERT PEEL has announced his ultimatum—" England
has rights in the Oregon, and these rights' she pre-
„,.
pared to maintain."

Whenever the darker passions have betrayed them-
selves among the Irish popjslation, reprobation has been
lavished on the offenders. Indignation and horror have
been expressed both by the Cabinet Ministers and by the
principal fepresentatives of Ireland herself at the heinous
guilt of those assassinations, which have increased the
panic first excited by famine and disease. That a
thorough abhorrence for those crimes has been felt in
DoWning-street, is evidenced by the various-clauses of
the,Coercion Bill ; and that Mr. O'C6NNELL has viewed
their recurrence with 'similar loathing is shown by the
author'itative expression of Lord CAMPBELL, that the
Member for Cork " had been always consistent in setting
his face against agrarian marauders," as well as by the
solemn and emphatic denunciations uttered by that
Learned Gentleman two days since in Conciliation Hall.
Every one will, therefore, allow that the villanies which
have transpired in that luckless land have elicited the
most violent execrations from all parties without distinc-
tion. The dark shades which mark the Irish character
have been painted in their true tones of gloom ; they
have, as it were, startled Parliament into an anxiety
for their obliteration ; they have drawn forth cries
of detestation and disgust from'all whose ears have been
penetrated with the intelligence. That is a natural and
equitable indication of feeling ; and it is a feeling in
which we ourselves have partaken. Such a reception, of
the account of those sanguinary deeds was commensu-
rate with the atrocity of the deeds themselves, and on
that account we designate the denunciations so univer-
sally expressed against the murderers as both natural
and equitable. Let us, however, as honest men,
and as men subservient to the same laws,
and animated by the same human blood, and
worshippers of the same GOD as these Irish people,
let us, we say, in a spirit of all honesty look at the more
agreeable traits in the character of that nation. When
we denounce the vice, let us at least, in Heaven's name,
acknowledge the virtue of that populace. Hive merely
commemorate the stabbing, and the pistolling, and the
throttling, and the drowning perpetrated by the unprin-
cipled members of the Irish community, our judgment
would become biassed, our Government would become
harsh, our measures would be wholly coercive. TO avoid this
it is incumbent upon the Legislature, upon Parliament,
and upon the Press, to observe the lighter, portions of
the picture as well as the darker, to elucidate the beau-
tiful spirit of subordination evidenced by some portions
of the population of Ireland, as well as to stigmatise the
lawlessnees of others. This is simple justice ; it
is a duty we are impelled to perform ; and in-
finitely do we rejoice when an opportunity
occurs which may enable us to demonstrate
the loyal sentiments still rife among the suffering
millions of our sister island. Such an opportunity is
bafore us—in itself an admirable contrast to the recent
agrarian assassination!. We allude to the starvation
meeting, held at Tory-hill, Croom, on Maunday Thurs-
day. The circumstances attendant upon that assembly,
as reported by the Limerick Chronicle, are exquisitely
touching, and are worthy of especial mention, if merely
as an evidence of the exceeding meekness and
submission with which a mob of famished labourers sub-
knit to an accumulation of the most dire calamities, and
follow the behests of their better donzeiences. A meeting,
it appears, was convened by advertisement,, for the pur-
pose of giving at kind of demonstration of the local des-
titution, and with a view to the adoption of some plan
for its removal. Accordingly at the hour appointed,.
some two thousand of the peasantry straggled up to'
the summit of Tory-hill around a. huge plaid
banner, hoisted there as " a rallying point and signal of
distress." Anxious to prevent any unfortunate conse-
quences, such as might be supposed likely to result from
such an assembly, the neighbouring priests endeavoured
to disperse the concourse. One of them, a Rev. Mr.
MEEHAN, even proceeded so fur as to pull the banner
down from its elevation ; but immediately upon his
departure it seems to have been again hoisted. Here
it was theta Reverend Gentleman, named Father O'Snea,
placed himself beneath the flag-staff, and addressed
the multitude. And it is the colloquy which ensued
between himself and the peasantry which we conceive
to be so peculiarly touching; it is the communion be-
tween warm hearts—between one who loves the many,
and the many who revere the one. Let us transcribe
the scene entire, fur any alteration would ruin its beauty;
• and then let us ask all who read it if they imagine a
race of men so gentle and obedient in times of the fiercest
privation are incapable of being modelled to better
things, and guided to brighter days:—
" Boys," said Father O'Shea in a playful and conciliating
manner, " Boys, I suppose this is the banner under which I
have toflght ? You have at all times and places respected
your clergy, and I beg to ask now if you will entertain that
respect for them and their counsel ?—( Cries of ' We do.')
Then I call upon you to prove it, by removing this standard.
(The mandate was immediately obeyed, and the banner removed.)
Now, then, as a friend, I have to protest against your as-
sembling in thii manner—it is illegal for you to do so, and
at the present time most imprudent.—( Cries of' We want
work.') I know you do, and that man is not living who
feels more rim your wretched and destitute condition than
I do.—( Thar, hear.) You have at all times linked your.
selves with the clergy of your church, for your and our in-
terests is one and the same, and I trust, therefore, yoq
will
not be guilty of any illegal conduct that would disconnect
U 3 from each other.—(No, no.) I know you will not.
We have done everything in our power to procure employ-
ment
fy otur.o s ''he
tG resident
au In .landed
11,.
twe have
ddaoynse,
soau fdo r
set going Cries of 'We will be starved before then.')
the works applied for in this district, and give
you employment.--(Cries
God forbid. until you know the deter-
I imploredof'youto bear your sufferings and
privatiohs patiently an quietly,
___u urs.)
I feel that hunger
minationef Government. —Ol
prompts you,
perhaps at this moment, to rash acts. Do net,
in God's name, make your coud i
tion worse than it is. We,
.1
us
have the Indian corn and meal now ..distribdutin.tg ttoo Ttheopuoor.
It is excellent food, and I recommen
(Cries of If it for . we eat that it
ise
assure you that it is an ablird usedrou I will
fast myself this morning, and I prI
om
) -
break
continue to do so, and if there is harm in it, will be the
fist victim.--(Year, and cries of 'We will use it so.') The
Rev. Mr. O'Shea then conjured them to leave the hill, and
return peaceably and quietly to their homes, observinVhat
if their meeting was legally convened, he would lumeolf

preside, and join them in devising means to provide food and
employment. In conclusion (he said) he felt confident Go-
vernment would act with liberality—and he trusted, with
promptitude—under the present trying emergency. If Go-
vernment did not do so, he would himself point out where
food was to be procuredl—(Hear.)"

In consequence of this address, the multitude immedi-
ately dispersed without the slightest indication of sul-
lenness or tumult. We have transcribed the entire of
the above speech, with its remarkable interpolations,
notwithstanding a full report of the occurrence is
given in The Sun of yesterday. We dO this be-
cause we conceive it evinces in every syllable such a
plastic temperament in the- better portions of the Irish
peasantry, as if known, and if used, would be produc-
tive of the happiest results. Let the effect of the Coer-
cion Bill be assuaged, by accompanying it with amelio-
rative measures, and the pace, and prosperity, and good
will of Ireland may be insured.

It is stated in the Frankfort German Journal that the
General Assembly of the Comitat of Szabolese in
Croatia, which met on the 16th, had voted an address to
the Emperor of AUSTRIA, beseeching him to spare the
effusion of blood in Poland, and regulate the affairs of
that country with justice, and also to convoke a Diet.
The following is the reply of the EMPEROR to the
petition :
"We have read with great dissatisfaction the repre-
sentation in s% hick you have dared to criticise the reso-
lutions we have addressed to the general congregation of
the United Kingdom, and to direct outrageous attacks
against the results of that congregation. Your repre-
sentations are not only wanting in all the respect which
is due to our royal authority, but they denote also a
want of respect for the memory of your ancestors. They
proved on all occasions, and in suitable terms, their at-
tachment to our Imperial house; but you have had the
temerity, while referring to them and turning the legal
authority into derision, to pretend to cover your
unworthy attempts with the mantle of their
fidelity. We the more disapprove of your conduct as
your remonstrance, dictated by this temerity, demon-
strates in the most evident manner that you have not re-
flected that you yourselves, as well as all the states of
the United Kingdom, have at different times laid com-
plaints at the foot of the throne, pointing out the indis-
pensable necessity of re-establishing order in your as-
semblies. Consequently, to show ourselves what we
have ever wished to be throughout the continuance of
our reign—the protector of the laws and the preserver
of order—we command you, exhorting you With firm-
ness, not to lose sight of the fidelity and respect you owe
to us, and to observe henceforth in your discussions the
forms presciibed by the laws, in order that we may not
be under the painful necessity of punishing those who
prefer rashness to moderation."

Letters from Athens of the 31st ult. state that Sir
EDMUND LYONS had called upon the Greek Government
to appropriate the surplus revenue to the payment of the
dividends of the debt, and had insisted on the investment
of the entire interest and sinking fund from the Ist of
September next,

The accounts from Madrid are to the 7th inst. On
the 6th and 7th -the soldiers at the military posts in
Madrid were doubled, and General PEzum.A. had
adopted every precaution to secure the public tranquillity.
At the moment that NARVAEZ, accompanied by his aide-
de-camp, M. Gamma,.left-Madrid, he was presented by
Brigadier ARMERO, iii "the QUEEN'S name, with a com-
mission as Ambassador Extraordinary to the Neapolitan
Court. NARVAEZ, however, refused to accept the rip
pointment, and returned the commission to her MA-
JESTY. Privious to his departure he held a farewell
levee, which was attended by the French Ambassador,
•
MM. MON,
_OLIVAN, SANTA COLONA, DONOSO,
CORTES ; Generals ORIBE, SORIA, ORAA, FIGUERAS,
anti 'others ; MM. SEIJAS, LOZANO, CALDERON, COL.
LANTES, SiRTORITIS, SANTA OLALLA, &c. At the mo-
ment of his 'departure M. IsluniTz begged the QUEEN to
cancel. the order for his exit, but was refused, on the
gronnd that. Queen CHRISTINA was determined he
should go. ••• •-

M. Inca= had not completed his Cabinet. MM.
MON arid PENA AGUAYO hid refused to join a Cabinet
of which M. EGANA was a member. ISTURITZ had
made overtures to Generals MANUEL DE LA CONCHA
RONCALI, FIGUERAS, and SORIA, and they had had in-
terviews with the QUEEN, but none of them had yet
agreed to join the Cabinet. It was expected that EGANA
would be forced to retire.

The news from Gallicia confirms the intelligence we
announced yesterday that a pronuncianziento had taken
place at Lugo against NanvAmi. No serious apprehen-
sions were entertained, as it was supposed that the dis-
grace of NARVAEZ would put an end to the insurrection.
General CONCHA, however, had proceeded to the dis-
turbed districts at the head of a considerable
force. The Espanol has re-appeared, and the
Tiempo will re-appear -in a few days. Before
commencing the re-publication of the Espanol, the
editors had an interview with the Ministers, IsTußuz
and EGANA, and learned from them that the decree
against the press was virtually repealed.'
• Everything continued tranquil at Madrid.

MADRID BOLSA, ;APRIL 7.—Three per Cents., 29i
for cash ; 29i ,at thirty days ; Five per Cents. not
quoted ; Bank, of Ferdinand, 260 ; Bank of Isabella, 170 ;
Company of Probity, 185 ; Company of Iris, 130 ;
Railroad to Aranjuez, 2,080 ; General Assurance, 84 ;
Alliance, 170 ; Anchor, 170 ; Gas, 600. Exchanges—
London, 371 ; Paris, 16 4.

We have received the Paris papers of Monday. The
Rrevious day. being Easter Sunday, only three papers
were published in Paris on Monday, the Courrier Fran-
cais, the DeinotTatie Pacifique, and Galignani's Messen-
ger. It is stated by the Courrier Francais that Tisso-
*iss.x, who, during the late Polish insurrection, was in-
stalled as Dictator at Cracow, had been arrested in
Saxony. At the time of his arrest he had a French pass-
port, and had appealed for protection to the French Minis-
ter at 'Dresden. It was believed, however, that the Saxon
Government had determined to give him up to the Aus-
trian authorities. We:find in the same journal a letter
from Vienna, stating that the authorities in Gallicia had
received orders to reward the peasants who had distin-
guished themselves by their loyalty to Austria. The
same writer states that the Austrian Government—

" Has established. a special office for opening letters, and
it has been imitated in that respect by the Prussian Cabinet.
The intercepted letters are either destroyed or deposited in
the archives to serve as criminating documents. Several
persons haVe already been" arrested, particularly in Gallicia,
in consequence of that odious inquisition. It was the death
of the Prior of the Ligurians, who committed suicide on hearing
that his secrets had been thus discovered, that opened the
eyes of the public on the subject. The police has in its pay
a multitude of spies, who do not even • ake the trouble of
concealing their mission, and live in Austria like bands of
condottieri in a conquered country." _ _

Lord and Lady PALMERSTON dined on Ester Sunday
with the KING, and had accepted dinner invitations frcm
each of the Minister's.

On Monday afternoon the discussion on the Naval
Budget commenced in the Chamber of Deputies. Lord
PALMERSTON was present in the tribune appropriated to
the Foreign Ambassadors.

The son of LUCIEN BUONAPARTE bad arrived at Havre
from England; en route for Paris, to visit his mother, the
Princess. of. C&iuNo.. Ho will afterwards proceed to

The French Funds and Shares showed a tendency to im-
prove on the Paris Bourse on Monday.
The Three per Cents. closed at 83f. 80c.; the Five per
Cents., 1201. 25c.; the Orleans Railroad shares, 1,235 f. ;
Rouen, 1,045 f.; Havre, 755 f. ; Great Northern, 7681. 75c. ;
Avignon, 930 f. ; Vierzon, 6701. ; Bordeaux, 635 f.; Bou-
logne, 515 f. ; Troyes and Montereau, 4201.; Basle, 235 f.;
Paris and Strasburg, 525 f. ; Tours and Nantes, 550 f. • Paris
and Lyons, HOE ; Belgian TWo-and-a•Half per bents:,
565,4 ; Spanish Three Per Cents., 36%; ditto Domestic Debt,
291,0/i ; ditto Passives, '5%.
The following are the quotations in the new lines :
(nAiltliaYivelok:Rse:nsEza3iilLif)l.E,Ass,soeo 2i.gAf.:nrcsoßiOnhe...Lad:;lB:drliititt,3lovteat,(srsE'sfe.s4poefl•e;ta), 5 l Bordeauxof. ; dittoand Cdeetat e-
illes and Avignon, 887 f.
50Lc.40NNso,rtAhrernm,1,755f. 11.—Marseilles; Paris and
and Avignon, 9001
50
Paris and Orleans, 1,222 f. 50c. ; Rouen, 1,098 f. 75c. - •
BUSINES,,,I)ONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT TUE

LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, APRIL 14.
Boulogne and Amiens, 121,1—Dutch Rhenish, 594—East Indian,
%--Great Northern of France Constituted, 15—Jamaica South
Midland Junction, 13/—Luxembourg, —Namur and Liege, 13,s,—
Orleans and Bordeaux, 10% —Over Yssel, 314 dts.—Paris and Stras-
bourg Constituted, 514—Rouen and Havre, 29%—Sambre and Meuse,
3—Tours and Nantes Constituted, 6%.

EXCLUSION' of FOREIGNERS from the TRADE
and FISHERIES of the DANISH COLONIES in
GREENLAND.
Office of Committee of Privy Council for Trade,
Whitehall, April 14, 1846.
Sir,—lt having been notified to her Majesty's Govern.
ment by the Danish Minister at this Court that foreigners
are excluded by the Danish laws from the trade and
fisheries of the Danish colonies in Greenland, I am,
therefore, directed by the Lords of the Committee of
Privy Council for Trade to communicate the same to
you for the information of the Committee for managing
the affairs of Lloyd's, with a view to its being made public.
I am, Sir, your obedient servant,
(Signed) JOHN LEFEVRE.
• Wm. Dobson, Esq., Secretary, Lloyd's.

Dnuav LANE THEATRE. —T h e
cleahb
aacrraoracutTienorigi
noAelicnaaatpaTarrihtoi
al
sl ohi
one
Aa appears
operahere tohfi eveningsLesv
ia in m
an s thee
has made exclusively her own. A huge case of jewellery
was yesterday cleared at the Custom house, which turned
out to be the veritable "Crown Jewels," manufactured in
Paris, and worn by her on this occasion.
Bairns SHIPWRECRS.—The National Life Boat So-
ciety estimate, from authentic sources, that the number of
British vessels yearly destroyed by shipwreck is COO, the
value of property about 2,500,000/. sterling, and the number
of lives lost to be about 1,560.
BANK OF ENGLANI).—The usual meeting for the
election of a Governor And Deputy-Governor of the Bank of
England was held on Tuediy, the ballot of proprietors con-
tinuing throughout the day, and the result being that J. B.
Heath, Esq.-, had 80 votes for Governor, and W. R Robin-
son, Esq.; 81 votes as Deputy-Governor. Both of these gen-
tlemen went through the usual forms, and it was announced
that the election of 24 directora i$ to take place this day. '