The Sun.
London, England, 1846-10-30 00:00:00

Scripture, " The earth is the Lord's and the fulness
thereof," and " The poor shall eat and be satisfied "
(Loud cheers.)—he held that he had sinned eqully against
God and his fellow-creatures who wasted one single
farthing on luxuries or needless things, or wasted a
single acre of that land whose produce e as called for by
starving brethren, and who had a right to ask that the
land should be cultivated to the utmost possible extent.
Now it was distinctly proved in that report that the la-
bourer could, with perfect faithfulness to his master,
cultivate in his leisure hours his laud to such an extent
as to produce sufficient to support him, if he were quite
without wages for thirteen weeks in the year. People
were in the habit of coming to him—and God knew he
felt for them when they did—and complaining that they
were turned off in the winter. What was the farmer's
story? I sin obliged to provide my capital, and to have
it ready to apply at the very moment when it is neces-
sary, and if I am bound to provide for all these men at
all seasons, how am I to bring my capital to bear at the
moment when it is required? He was not going to dis-
cuss that, for this was not the proper time for dis-
cussing it, but here was an answer—that in a certain
part of the year when a labourer could not be profitably
employed by the farmer, here was a system by which
provision could be made beforehand for the hour of
necessity. There was one fact which came under his own
notice bearing upon the question. There was con-
nected with the gaol of that county a fund called the
" charity fund," from which certain sums were given
to persons who had been in the gaol, and on their libera-
tion worked continuously for the same master for three,
six, or twelve months. At the end of the period they
received rewards and clothes in proportion to the length
of their servitude, it being provided that it should be
shown that during that period they attended Divine
service. That fund had been established 20 years.
During the first 10 years there :were only 10 applicants,
but during the last 10 years 103 had received gifts from
the fund, and of those 103 three only had been re-com-
mitted to gaol. It might be asked, what had that to do
with the subject before them ? He thought it had much
to do with it. It showed that get such a man into
honest employment, and there was some security, under
God's blessing, of his not reverting again to the path of
crime, but ground for reasonable hope of his becoming
an honest, trustworthy member of society.
The Hon. and Rev. W. Scorr, Rector of Maiden
Newton, seconded the resolation, and regretted that the
person through whom he had had access to documents
bearing upon the case was not present. He regretted
it, because he was quite sure that the community had
mistaken his views, and that the objections which they
had taken to his views were most unworthy. He was
sure that such restraints kept them closer to their duties
than if their faults were passed over in silence. [Mr.
Scott was supposed to allude to Mr. Osborne.] He
thought they must admit that they were not on an equal
footing with many parts of the country, for in the sister
country there were no labourers receiving under 155.,
and during harvest they often received 205., and in
Northumberland he was invariably hired by the year ;
that he had his cottage rent free; that he had his thousand
yards of potato ground provided by the farmer, and in
addition to that he had the whole of his pay in goods,
which in times of scarcity was a most valuable accom-
modation. The Northumberland " hind," as he was
called, had invariably a cow kept for him, his four and
a half quarters of oats, his three quarters of barley, his
quarter and a half of peas, and his three bushels of
wheat. In the parish of Nocton, in Lincolnshire, the
wages were the same as those he had mentioned. That
was not the case there; but let him tell them what would
be the case, if they did not follow the example. The
labourers were already leaving this country for the wilds
of Australia and the great plains of America, and when
they learned these things, as they must soon from the
ready communication that took place between one part
and another, he thought they would not remain there
when they learned that they could obtain a better remu-
neration elsewhere.—(Cheers.) He was not desirous of
laying the whole blame of this upon the farmer, for if
he raised a body of labourers only one shilling a week,
his outlay might be increased 50/. a year, and that was
more than they expected others to give in charity, for
charity it was, though it was a charity that would re-
dound to their own welfare. He knew it was said with
a certain degree of fairness that the landlord must bear
his part in that increase of wages ; but he told themit
must begin with the farmers, the landlord had it notin
his power to raise the rate of wages ; but he did not
mean to say whether the land of that country was not
held at too high a rent—if so, let the tenant not oiler
too high.—(Laughter.) A heavy and deep responsi-
bility certainly rested upon the landowner with regard
to the condition of the dwellings, but that would be the
subject of another resolution. When he entered on the
living of Maiden Newton he was ironically congratu-
lated on his having got the worst parish in the county
to deal with, and he himself was no less than six times
in that very court as a prosecutor. In the last three
years, during which allotments had been in operation in
his parish, he did not think he had been seen there.—
(Applause.) In the first year of the allotments two con-
victions took place, and there were consequently two
forfeitures ; but from that time not one out of 80 hol-
ders had committed any offence to call them up before a
magistrate. There was one result which, as a clergy-
man, he took especial pleasure in contemplating, viz.,
that when cultivating the soil the labourer might be in-
duced to think of the cultivation of his soul ; and that
when he found that by due attendance to his garden he
was reaping a reward, he might be led to consider that
by attending to the cultivation of his soul he might reap
the rewards thereof in the heavenly kingdom.
The Rev. H. URQUHART proposed the next resolution,
which expressed the desirableness of obtaining the co-
operation of owners and occupiers of landed property, to
promote an improvement in ventilation, draining, and
internal accommodation.

COURT OF COMMON COUNCIL.
Yesterday a Court was held for the dispatch of public
business.

ABOLITION OF THE PUNISHMENT OF DEATH.

Mr. ASHURST gave notice of a motion for the abo-
lition of the punishment of death in all cases.
Mr. PRIOR brought up reports for granting 1001.
towards the erection of a school in Whitechapel ; for
granting 100/. in aid of the erection of a church and par-
sonage-house near the site of the Watermen's and
Lightermen's Company at Penge; for granting 1001. to
the Royal Orthopedic Hospital, and for subscribing 300
guineas towards the relief of the sufferers by the fire
at St. John's Newfoundland.—They were all agreed to.

Mr. JOHN CHAMEN, farmer, of Charminster, seconded
the proposition.
The Rev. SANDERSON ROBINS, without preliminary
observation, moved the formation of the society, which
Mr. J. F. HODGES seconded.

The Rev. C. W. BINGHAM, in proposing that the Earl
of Orford, the Lord Bishop of the diocese, and Lord
Rivers, be patrons of the society, and that a committee
be formed, said, in what was his parish (Syding) he en
dearoured to establish the system, but for the first six
years he tried in vain. He found that the landowner
would not assist him; that the farmers were always
against him; and it was only about two years ago that
he was enabled to purchase land and carry out his inten-
tions. With respect to what had been said about the
state of the dwellings of the poor, he would only re-
mark that he had been carried to Fordington, where he
saw what he was sure would surprise those who knew
Dorchester best. He saw there places where the people
were crowded together in a manner that he bad thought
was confined to the manufacturing districts.
Mr. JOHN lIAYNE seconded the resolution; and after
a vote of thanks had been given to the Lord Bishop
and the High Sheriff, and acknowledged, the meeting
separated.

ROYAL SEA-BATHING INFIRMARY. The fifty-
first anniversary dinner of this charity was held at the
London Coffee-house, Ludgate-hill, yesterday evening.
The Right Hon. the Lord Mayor presided, being sup-
ported by Mr. Alderman Challis and Mr. R. W. Ken.
card, Sheriffs of London and Middlesex, and other
active friends of the institution. The entertainment
itself was highly creditable to the Messrs. Lovegrove.
After the cloth had been drawn, and the usual loyal and
national toasts had received due honour, the Lord Mayor
proposed the leading toast of the evening, viz., " Pros-
perity to the Royal Sea-bathing Infirmary;" and, in
ordor to show the increased prosperity and usefulness
of the institution, stated that the number of patients
admitted, which was, in the first year (1796), only
16, had increased in each succeeding year, until,
during the past season, 716 persons had been received
either as in-door or as out-door patients; a statement
which elicited loud applause. It was further remarked,
that although the bulk of the subscriptions had
hitherto come from the metropolis, there was the
greatest desire, on the part of the managing body, to
derive support from the provinces, as well as to extend
the benefits of the institution to persons living in distant
parts of the country. Amongst the toasts was that of
" Mr. B. B. Cabbell and the Vice-Presidents of the
Institution." In acknowledging the compliment, Mr.
Cabbell observed, that one great impediment to the
beneficial operation of the institution was the charge
now thrown upon the patients of defraying the expenses
of their board. Mr. Alderman Gibbs, the treasurer,
expressed his desire to see this burden removed from
the recipients of the benefits of the charity, remarking,
at the same time, that, in order to effect this object, it
would be necessary that about 30,0001. should be invested
in the Three per Cents. The toasts of the evening in-
cluded " The Chairman," " Mr. Coulson and the Medical
Board," " Mr. Alderman Gibbs, the treasurer," " The
Sheriffs," &c. Mr. J. Paul, the secretary, announced
several subscriptions, the aggregate amount of which was
5951. 16s.

SALARIES OF THE JUDGES OF THE COURTS OF
EQUITY AND LAW.—The Learned Judges of the several
ci,urts of equity and law will resume their labours on
Monday next, on the commencement of Michaelmas
term. There are twenty-two judges of the superior
Courts in England, whose salaries amount to 123,577/.
a year. The five judges of the Court of Chancery are
paid 33,000/ The Lord Chancellor has 10,000/. ;
Master of the Rolls, 7,000/.; Vice-Chancellor of Eng-
land, 6,000/ ; and the two Vice-Chancellors, Knight
Bruce and Wigram, 5,0001. The six judges of the Court
of Queen's Bench are paid 32,0002 The Lord Chief
Justice has 8,0001.; and the Puisne Judges 5,0001. each.
The six judges of the Court of Common Pleas have
similar sums, as also the six judges of the Court of Ex-
chequer, with the exception of the Chief Baron, who has
a salary of 7,000/. The judge of the Court of Admi-
ralty his 4,000/., and the average emoluments of the
judge of the Prerogative Court amount to 3,577/, mak-
ing the number 22, and the united salaries 123,5771.

EFFECTS OF HIGH FARES.—The branch of the
South-Eastern Railway from Margate to Ramsgate was
not opened, as expected, last week. " Under other cir-
cumstances," says the Kentish Observer, " this would
have caused much disappointment and inquiry as to the
cause; but so unpopular has this railway company be-
come, that few cared to ask if it were open or not, or as
to the cause of its not being opened. There is no ques-
tion that the three towns of Margate, Ramsgate, and
Broadstairs would have done touch better at the latter
part of the season had the fares not been raised ; and
also that the South-Eastern Company, from their false
step, have been sufferers in a pecuniary point of view.
Few will travel from the Isle of Thanet by rail this win-
ter, unless the prices be lowered, the second-class car-
riages made more comfortable, and the third-class
covered in. The voyage to London by steam-vessel is
cheaper, performed in about the same time as running
round by Ashford, and is preferable, in many respects,
to riding in the present second and third-class carriages.
Passengers meet with civility and liberality from the
captains and crews of the steam-boats." The same can-
not be said of the railway.

THE SUN", LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, OCTOBEM 30, 1846.

CENTRAL CRIMINAL COURT,
NE IV £ VI?T.

(Before the REC.RDER and Mr. Alderman MUSGROVE.)
George Ilorq/ord, 19, a dyer, pleaded guilty to an in-
dictment charging him with stealing fifteen skeins of
silk, value 305., the property of Henry Le Livier, his
master.

(Continued from our Afternoon Edition of yesterday.)
Mr. ROBINSON addressed the Jury for the defence, and
contended that the prisoner had no felonious intention
iu taking away the goods.
After the LEARNED RECORDER had summed up the
evidence at great length, the Jury returned a ♦,relict of
Guilty, and the prisoner was sentenced to be transported
for the term of seven years.

POLICE INTELLIGENCE.
GUILDHALL.

Mr. Alderman► Hooper was engaged for some hours
in the investigation of a charge of assault preferred by
John M‘Nally against George Brown, City policeman
No. 222, who has recently joined the force, but was
formerly in the Metropolitan police. M‘Nally was
charged with rescuing from the officer a man who had
assaulted him.

A certificate from the house-surgeon of St. Bartho-
lomew's Hospital was put in, stating that M'Nally's wife
remained a patient from the injuries she had received,
and was in a state of danger. It was understood to be
an almost hopeless case, and therefore the magistrate
took the evidence at great length.
Ellen Connelly, of St. Dunstan's-court, Old
stated that two friends camp to visit her husband on
Sunday. Their names were Grady and William Kelly.
In the evening they all went to the Red Cow, King-
street, Smithfield, where they had some beer. On leav-
ing the house, about twelve o'clock, a quarrel took place
between Kelly and some men who were passing. Brown,
the policeman, came up, and insisted on all the persons
going away immediately. Kelly crossed the road to
bid his friends good night, and was followed by
Brown, who pushed Grady and Kelly towards Smith-
field, and eventually took Grady into custody. A scuffle
took place, and Grady got away. Brown then seized
M'Nally, a friend of Grady's, who had accidentally
come up. M'Nally's wife interfered to get her husband
away, when the policeman knocked her down with his
truncheon, and on M'Nally's endeavouring to lift up his
wife he was also knocked down by the policeman, who
struck him twice on the head while he was lying on the
ground.
The policeman said he ordered them to move on half
a dozen times before he took Grady into custody. They
moved a little way, and then stopped to wrangle ; such
conduct soon gathered a crowd, and caused confusion in
the street, which it was his duty to prevent. Grady
pushed him several times before he took him into custody.
On the part of the policeman, Maria Alder, of Little
New-street, Gough-square, and Mrs. Isted, of 29, King-
street, who saw the affray from the windows of their dif-
ferent houses were examined. They stated that there
was a rush by the mob, and the policeman was knocked
down three or four times. She heard the voice of a
woman, who was very active in the rescue. She said,
" Don't let him be taken ; the policeman is drunk."
They thought the policeman's life was in danger. He
drew his staff and knocked a woman down, and flourished
his staff round to keep the people off him.
An extra policeman, named Murrell, who went to
Brown's assistance, stated that he saw the policeman
knocked down under the feet of some cattle. Witness
took Mrs. M'Nally into custody. She would not walk,
but stopped. Brown struck her on the shoulder with his
staff. She walked in a stooping position to the station-
house, and thence to the hospital. He did not know she
was hurt till he saw the blood running down her neck at
the station-house.

Sergeant Patterson proved that Brown was quite sober.
Mr. Alderman lioorEa said he would release John
bl‘Nally on his promise to appear on Saturday week, and
in the meantime he hoped the commissioner would in-
vestigate the conduct of the officer.

An inspector said the commissioner had already
ordered a strict inquiry.
Mr. Alderman IIooPER adjourned the further hearing
of the case to the 7th of November.
WORSHIP-STREET.

William Willis, a carman in the service of a railway
truck conveyance contractor at Whitechapel, was placed
at the bar before Mr. Bingham, charged with having by
negligent driving seriously injured a married woman
named Elizabeth Mills, and her father, Mr. Edward
Bash field, a retired Custom-house officer, who is confined
to his bed without hopes of recovery.
Mrs. Mills, who was supported into Court upon
crutches, and appeared to be in a very debilitated con-
dition, stated that while proceeding through Devonshire-
street, Mile-end-road, on the 14th ult., leading her father,
who is 85 years of age, and totally blind, a massive
railway-truck carriage, drawn by three horses, suddenly
came up, and turned the corner so recklessly, that one
of its hind wheels was thrown upon the pavement upon
which she and her father were walking, and before they
had time to escape they were both violently struck and
flung to the ground by it. The prisoner, who was seated
in front of the vehicle, apparently asleep, and without
any reins, or the slightest control over the horses, was
instantly secured by a policeman. Witness was carried
to the London Hospital, and her father was coveyed to
his own residence, when it was ascertained that one of
her legs had been broken, and that her father's hip had
been so crushed that although he had been confined to
his bed under surgical care ever since the occurrence, it
was impossible, from his advanced age, that he could
ever recover from the injuries he had sustained.
In answer to the charge the prisoner said he was ex.
cessively tired, in consequence of having walked a long
distance that day, and that although he was certainly
seated in front of the truck, as the prosecutrix had stated,
the occurrence, which he sincerely regretted, was purely
accidental, and resulted from the circumstance of there
being no post or kerb at the spot in question to keep
vehicles off the footway.

Mr. BINGHAM said that the case was far too serious
for his limited powers to deal with, and he should there-
fore direct the depositions of the witnesses to be taken,
and committed the prisoner for trial at the sessions.

GUN COTTON.—We have to record the occurrence
of an accident to the son of the eminent gun-maker of
Bond-street, which might have been attended with seri-
' ous consequences. Mr. Lancaster was engaged with
Mr. Taylor in making some experiments on the projec-
tile power of gun-cotton, and several charges of 50 grains
each, with 14 ounce of shot, had bee❑ fired from a strong
14-guage gun with perfect safety, when on increasing
the charge to 83 grains and 1 ounce of shot, the gun
burst with great violence. The sleeve of Mr. Laacaster's
coat was torn through, and he received several slight
wounds an the fleshy part of his arm, none of which,
we are happy to add, are cf a serious character. In some
previous experiments which Mr. Lancaster had made
with the cotton of Dr. Schonbein, in the presence of that
gentleman and Professor Faraday, the same quantity of
cotton had been fired with perfect safety. We, there-
fore, caution those who may be trying experiments with
this powerfully explosive compound to be exceedingly
cautious. as an. accident has occurred even in such ex-
perienced hands. The gun used by Mr. Lancaster had
been previously proved with an ounce of powder and a
ball fitting the bore.
DESTRUCTIVE FIRE AT LIMEHOUSE.—Last even-

ing, between six and seven o'clock, a fire broke out in
the extensive cooperage, belonging to Messrs. Gordon
and Son, in Church-lane, Limehouse. The flames were
first discovered issuing through the roof of the cooper-
age, a building nearly 150 feet long by 50 feet deep,
which contained a considerable number of casks and
staves. There were about twelve compartments in the
premises, which were used as separate workshops. With
such fury did the fire extend, that in less than ten
minutes after the first alarm was given, at least one half
of the spacious building became encircled in flame. The
engines quickly attended, but by the time they could be
set to work, the whole of the cooperage was on fire, and
for some time it was feared that the houses in Church-
lane and Oak-lane would become ignitod, the heat being
so intense, and the burning flakes were sent flying over
the parish church. By half-past eight o'clock the fire
was at length subdued, but not until the premises in
which it began were reduced to a mass of ruins. The
stock in trade destroyed is also considerable.
PUMPKINS FOR Cows.—The South Australian Re.
gister says:—" Many a colonist who had the gsod for-
tune to call in at Teneriffe or Rio de Janeiro on the
passage from England, will remember the long-keeping
or melons elAonssipmuitlaorn bsuoaprpdlyfoorr tnhnetrmitiilcveh cows, if
atp i statede-me i o nsw
itPnhuemfrodim rePdkwe erse ahas been successfully resorted to by a
colonist,judi-
cihotiteshheents i
wnhtoo
smallhas laid
pieces,by a a
nstore v
gives
sf
in-
tervals to his cows, by which this change of provender is
devoured with avidity. This artificial method of in-
creasing the quantity of milk, when the natural pas-
tures are parched and scanty, has been found to answer
so well that in all probability the example will be ex-
tensively followed. We heed hardly intimate to our
rural fellow-colonists what immense supplies of such
kinds of food might be grown even upon sandhills or
spots of ground hitherto considered barren or unpro-
fitable. The pie-melon will keep in high perfection
from season to season, or even during a voyage to
England.
FATAL FlGHT.—Yesterday afternoon Mr. William
Baker held an inquest at the Bricklayer's Arms, Char-
lotte-street, Curtain-road, on the body of Francis Lee,
aged 29 years, a baker, residing at No. 7, Mills-court,
Curtain-road, who died on Monday last from injuries he
had received in an affray with a man named George
Tomkins, in East-road, City-road. It appeared from the
evidence that on Tuesday, the 20th inst., the deceased
had been elrinking, with several companions, at various
public-houses. Towards the evening he became very
much intoxicated, and entered the Three Crowns, in
himtell
w assistanceith several
g r
great
vai
to violent no tl
nnbocl
teo:we blows.
man,
wmaene:t Tomkinsmt e
wE
aa
ss t
13rionagd ,
opaCnisilelt
pillow
being
eoaifannodgr.
and
nl-dmldeaheenerwdwTee
while
Tomkins.
theileitaanoinsindn.
ed wt
Tot:aafahsptehprpeoaf(oola.i
pains
iiaoimo
nnfn.dhtti
wohrhi
scfe-
fered to fight any one present, and divested himself of
his coat. Tomkins, the pottnan belonging to the house.
artsuhcebkyleeding most profusely, and To
rose from his seat,
sal
stated
tilaptt,ehdaenyt'dh
aret bothmthaei fought.nfeet
there
home to his lodgings,
ert
the Trd.eeerCsael Alfredeaf aoscene
mi-
nutes,deceased
edeceased
ee a ewdh eswnt
procuredforms,
stomach.l
d
Re continued to get worse,
hwßvTei.hyaosedewm:dnb out,
Tomkins,ache
cehaa
disfigured,s
witheende nefdae
surgeon,tdan
falli
and expired on Monday afternoon laos
ft . a Ileb l(( r Brown)
attributedabdomen,men, eelsenatshed,to
ntoh ed
oubt. bursting
table. The jury returned a verdict of I,l44jauasgtiaefirianbs,
"Justifiable
ho-
micide."
theht

TArr's MAGAzum.---We hear that this popular
periodical has now become the property of those enter-
prising booksellers, Messrs. A. and C. Black; the original
propri(Aor, Mr. Tait, being about to retire from business.
—.Edinburgh Witness,