The Sun.
London, England, 1846-04-21 00:00:00

OVEII LANI) MAIL

INDIA AND CHINA.

1.. ~•

TERMINATION OF

THE WAIL

The bi-monthly mail from India, which arrived by extra-
ordinary express from Paris reached that capital by special
courier from Marseilles. The latest dates are—Bombay,
March 17 ; Calcutta, March 7 ; Ceylon, Feb. 24 ; China and
Hong-Kong, Feb. 1 ; Delhi, March 7 ; Lahore, March 1; and
Madras, March 8.
The intelligence from India, in anticipation of the Bombay
mail of • the 16th of March, confirms the important intelli-
gence )f the pacification of the Punjaub.
The i 'vents which have occurred since the date of the pre-
vious ac counts recapitulate a few of the more important par-
ticulars subsequent to the great victory at the bridge of
Sobraon, which decided the fate of the Punjaub. This battle,
by which_ the Seikhs were driven across the Sutlej, took place
on the I,+ 3th of February. The first division of the British
army ent, !red the Punjaub on that day. Oa the 14th the
Governors- •General was at Kussoor, where he issued a procla-
mation luclaring the independence of that country. The
alarm of the Seikh Government was great; Ghoolab Singh,
the \Vns ver, represented to the Queen-Mother that the de-
feat of t, he Khalsa was attended with the loss of 20,000
men. H e was commissioned to make terms. He sent word
to the Br iitish authorities, and promised to be at Kussoor,
where the Governor-General was waiting for the remainder
of his arm) Ghoolab Singh arrived four hours after his time,
and was rt!, :eived with coldness, and was referred to the Se-
cretary, M. r. Currie, and to Major Lawrence, the Political
Agent, wit h whom he remained in close conference until past
midnight. The terms of the Convention prescribed to him
were the c vision of all the country to the east of the Bea; in
addition to the provinces declared in December to have been
confiscated; the payment of a million and a half sterling; the
surrender or all the cannon used against the British ; and the
total disba ntling of the K.halsa army. Ghoolab Singh had
another lon g conference on the 17th. The presence of the
young Kin; Dhuleep Singh, was required in the British
camp, uhic h, on the 18th, advanced to within eighteen miles
of Lahore. Dhuleep Singh came there, and was received
withcut any salute. He then " expressed his contrition fir
the late hostille proceedings, and his acquiescence in all the
terms and con ditions imposed by the British Government."
The Governor-General then ordered a royal salute to be
fred, and issued ithe following proclamation :

" PROCLAMATION BY THE RIGHT HON. THE GOVERNOR-

GENILItAL OF INDIA.

" Foreign Department, Camp Lu!leeanee, Feb. 18, 1847.
" The chiefs, merchants, traders, ryots, and other inhabit-
ants of Lahore and Umritsir, are herby informed that his
Highness Maharaja Dliuleep Singh has this day waited upon
the Right Hon. the Governor-General, and expressed
the contrition of himself and the Seikh Government for their
late hostile proceedings. The Maharaja and durbar having
acquiesced in all the terms and conditions imposed by the
British Government, the Governor-General has every hope
that the relations of friendship will speedily be re-established
between the two Governments. The inhabitants of Lahore
and Umritsir have noshing to fear from the British army.
The Governor-General and the British troops, if the condi-
tions above adverted to are fulfilled, and no further hostile
opposition is offered by the Khalsa army, will use their en
dearour for the re-establishment of the Government of the
dek.endant of Maharaja Runjeet Singh, and for the protec-
tion of its subjects.
"The inhabitants of the cities in the Punjaub will, in that
Case, be perfectly safe in person and property from any moles-
tation by the British troops, and they are hereby called upon
to dismiss apprehension and to follow their respective callings
with all confidence.

" By order of the Right Hon. the Governor-General of India,
" F. CURRIE,
" Secretary to the Government of India, with the
Governor-General."

In the morning of the 20th the British army appeared
lir Kier the walls of Lahore, where no resistance was shown.
Preparations were made for sending Dhuleep Singh to his
Palace, under an escort of the British troops. The general
erd er issued on the occasion is as follows :

G LNERAL ORDER BY THE RIGHT HON. THE GOVERNOR-
GENERAL OF INDIA.

"Foreign Department, Camp of Lahore, Feb. 20.1846.
" The Right Hon. the Governor-General requests that the
Con tmander-in• Chief will cause the following arrangements
to 1 e made for escorting his Highness the Maharaja Dbuleep
Sin, Sh to his palace, in the citadel of Lahore, this afternoon.
The escort will c snsist of two regiments of European Cavalry,
two regiments of Native Cavalry—the Body Guard to be
one ; one regiment of Irregular Horse, two troops of Horse
Artillery, one European and one Native.
" The Secie:ary to the Government of India, F. Currie,
Esq. , will take charge of his Highness and his suite, and will
be a zcompapied by the political agent, Major Lawrence, the
Gov, trnor-Generals private secretary, Charles Hardinge,
1.'8(1., . the Aides- de. Camp of the Governor General ; two
Aide P -de-Camp of the Commander-in-Chief,one Aide-de-
Cant] p from each general officer of division, in uniform.
"1 :le escort 'will be formed at the nearest convenient spot
to th e Governor-General's camp, at two o'clock, and pro-
ceed ed to his Highness's camp, and thence to the palace.
" On alighting from his el-phant a salute of twenty-one
guns will be fired by the horse artillery.
" 1 3is Highness the Maharaja of the Seikh nation, selected
by tl se chiefs as their sovereign, having on the 18th instant
inti n sated his intention to proceed to the Governor-General's
cash p at Lulleeanee, attended by his Highness's Wuzeer,
the i laja Ghoolab Singh, and other chiefs, was received in
durba tr on the afternoon of that day by the Governor Gene-
ral, the Commander-in-Chief and the staff being present.
Ras 'Highness's Ministers and chiefs there tendered his sub-
nlis s;,.on and solicited the clemency of the British Govern-
pier, t.

" ' the Governor-General extended the clemency of the
Brit; .sh Government to a prince the descendant of the Maha-
raja, the late Runjeet Singh, for many years the faithful
ally and friend of the British Government, as the repre,enta-
tive of the Seikh nation selected by the chiefs and the peo
ple to be their ruler, on the condition that Al the terms im-
post by the British Government and previously explained
to h is Highness's Ministers and chiefs should be faithfully
exe( ;uted.
" On withdrawing from the durbar the Maharaja received
the usual salutes due to his Highness's exalted rank.

" His Highness has since -remained near the Governor-
Gen oral's camp, and as it will be conducive to his High-
ness 'a comfort that he should rejoin his family, the Givernor-
Gen. tral desires that he may, with all honour and in safety,
be c inducted by the British troops to the gates of his palace
this ,day.
" 'l"he following proclamation was issued on the 18th inst.,
by th e Governor-General, promising protection to all persons
at La hore and elsewhere who peaceably continue in their
usual employments of trade and industry.
"The Governor-General is satisfied, after the experience of
this campaign, that he can rely on the discipline of this in-
vincib!e army, as fully and securely as he has always been
confident that the day of battle under their distinguished
commander would be one of victory.
.4 He trusts at present that no officers or soldiers will pass
this advanced sentries of their encampment to enter the town
of Lahore, and he requests his Excellency the Commander-
in-Chief to give the neces,ary instruction to carry this order
strictly into effect, as well as to protect all persons bringing
provisions into the camp.
,6 By order, &c.

CURRIE,
" Secretary to th"ePoo Government of India,
with the v
Governor-General"
ceremony
The report Of Mr. Currie, the Secretary, of the
Singh into his palace is
of introducing Dhuleep highly in-
Westing :
" TO THE RIGHT LION. SIR HENRY HARDINGE. G.C.15 ,
NOR-GENERAL OF INDIA.
"Right Hon. Sir,—l have the honour to state, for the
information of your Excellency, that, in accordance with the
instructions contained in the order of the Governor-General
of yesterday's date, I proceeded in the afternoon with the
escort ordered, an accompanied by the officers mentioned
below, on elephants, to conduct the Maharaja Dhaleep Singh
to his palace in the citadel of Lahore.
" Major Lawrence, the Governor-General's Political Agent.
" W. Edwards, Esq., Under Secretary of the Foreign De-
partment.
" R. Cust, Esq., Assistant-Secretary to the Foreign De-
partment.
" C. Hardinge, Esq., Private Secretary to the Governor-
General.
" Lieutenant-Colonel Wood, Military SeCretary to the
Governor-General.
"Captain Cunningham.
"Captain Hardinge, Aide-de-Camp to the Governor-
General.
"Captain Grant, ditto.
"Lord Arthur Hay, ditto.
" Captain Mills, ditto.
"Captain Bagot, Aide-de-Camp to the Commander-in-
Chief.

" Captain Edwards, ditto.
"Captain Gilbert, Aide-de-Camp to General Gilbert.
"Captain Tottenham, Aide-de-Camp to General Smith.
"Lieutenant-Colonel Irvine Engineers.
" Lieutenant-Colonel Smith, ditto.
"Captain Napier, ditto.
"Captain Smith, ditto.
" The procession was arranged in the following order :
"9th Irregular Cavalry.
" 3d Light Cavalry.
4,y.ro')
eorM esty's 16th Lancers.
Horse Artillery, Europeans.
"Troop Horse Artillery, Natives.
"Her Majesty's 9th Lancers.
"The Secretary with the Maharaja and suite.
"The
Governor General's pnody Guard.
The escort was formed in column of troops left in
frost commanded by Brigadie Cureton, C.B.
" We proceeded in this ortrer to the encampment of the
IMaharaja, about mile from pickets, and nearly the
same distance from the citadeolfgaoatuer f the city.
milea from the Maharaja's
" At about three quarters
camp I was met by the Minister, Baja Ghoolab Sing
some of the chiefs. h, and
" Intimation of our approach was then sent on to the Ma-
baraja, that he might be ready on his elephant upon our
arrivil.
" On reaching the Mahari:j i's camp the troopsn f our escort
drew up, and the Maharaja, with Bhaee RaSingh on the
same elephant, came forward from his tent, accompanied by
several chiefs.
" After the usual salutation and complimentary questions
and replies, I placed the Maharaja's elephant next to mine,
and the troops having fallen in, as at first, proceeded round
the walls of the city to the gate cf the citadel.
" On arriving, Brigadier Cureton drew up the escort in
lire in front of the gateway, and I took the Maharaja, ac.
companied by the officers enumerated in the former part of
this letter, with Raja Ghoolab Singh and the other chiefs,
into the interior of the citadel, and to the inner door of his
palace.
"I then observed to the Maharaja and chiefs, that by
order of the Right Hon. the Governor-General, I heel thus
brought the Maharaja, conducted by the British army, to
Ilia palace, which his Highness had left for the purpose of
tendering submission to the British Government, and for
placing himself, his capital, and his country, at the mercy of
the Governor- General, and requesting pardon for the insult
that had been offered; and that the Governor-General had
thus restored him to his palace as a mark of the favour which
he desired to show to the descendant of the late Mailable
Annjeet Singh.

••••••••••••=mayi
I" A salute of 21 guns was then fired by the Horse Ar-
tillery.
" We then took leave of the Maharaja at the gate of his
palace, and returning to the outside of the city, we con-
tinuing our progress round Lahore, thus returned to our
camp.
" As our camp is situated opposite the south-east end of
the city face, and the citadel is immediately within the city
walls at the north-west angle, we made the entire circuit of
Lahore. I considered this preferable to going through the
city, the streets of which are very narrow, and would have
much impeded the progress of our large escort.
"We did not see one gun upon any part of the walls;
all their embrasures were empty.
" I have the honour to be, &c.,
" F. CURRIE,
"Secretary to the Government of India,
with the Governor-General."
On the 22d the citadel of Lahore and a part of the palace
wag formally taken possession of by the British authoritie..
On the 25th the Governor-General issued the next impor-
tant general order to the British army. It contains the ex-
pression of thanks for the triumphant successes obtained, and
orders 12 months' batta to the troops :
FROM Ins EXCELLENCY THE COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF TO THE
RIGHT HON. SIR HENRY HARDINGE, G.C.8., GOVERNOR-
GENERAL OF INDIA,.&C.
Head-quarters, Army of the Satlej, in front of
Lahore, Feb. 22.
Right lion. Sir,—l have now to offer my congratulations
on some of the earliest fruits of our victory of the 10th inst.
About noon on the 20th, a day henceforth very memorable
in our Indian annals, the army under my command pitched
itAents on the plain of Myan Meer, under the walls of the
Seikh capital. The entire submission of the Maharaja and
his advisers to the will of the British Government had been
before personally tsndered to you, and graciously accepted;
and this morning, in fulfilment of one of the conditions
which your wisdom had dictated for the real interests of the
ruler and people of the Punjaub, I had the honour to conduct
a brigade of troops to the city, which took formal possession
of the Badshz.hee Musjid and Hoozooree Bagh, forming a part
of the palace and citadel of Lahore. I trust, by the observ-
ance or a strict discipline. to preserve unshaken that confi-
dence which the people of the city and country around it
evidently repose in the generosity, clemency, and good faith
of their conquerors. Supplies of all sorts are willingly
brought to our camp and punctually paid for; and I be-
hove that by every class of persons in this vicinity the pre-
sence of our troops is felt to be a national benefit; none cer-
tainly have had real cause to lament it as a calamity.-1

have, &e.
HUGH GOUGH, General, Commander-in-Chief,
East Indies.
This was accompanied by the following general order from
the Governor-General :

GENERAL ORDER BY THE RIGHT HON. THE GOVERNOR

GENERAL OF INDIA.

Foreign Department, Camp Lahore, Feb. 22.
The British army has this day occupied the gateway of the
citadel of Lahore, the Badshahee Mosque, and the Hoozooree
Bagh.
The remaining part of the citadel is the residence of his
Highness the Ataliaraja, and also that of the families of the
late Maharaja Runjeet Singh, for so many years the faith-
ful ally of the British Government. In consideration of
these circumstances no troops will be posted within the pre-
cinct of the palace gate.
The army of the Sutlej has new brought its operations in
the 41d to a close by the dispersion of the Seikh army and
the military occupation of Lahore, preceded by a series of
the most triumphant successes ever recorded in the military
history of India. The British Government, trusting to the
faith of treaties and to the long subsisting friendship bet ween
the two states, had limited military preparations to the de-
fdrice of its own frontier.

Compelled suddenly to assume the offensive by the unpro-
voked invasion of its territories, the British army, under the
command of its distinguished leader, has in 60 days defeated
the Seikh forces in four general actions, has captured 220
pieces of field artillery, and is now at the capital, dictating to
the Lahore Durhar the terms of a treaty the conditions of
which will tend to secure the British provinces from the re •
petition of a similar outrage.
The Governor-Genera! being determined, however, to mark
with reprobation the perfidious character of the war, has re-
quired and will exact that every remaining piece of Seikh
artillery which has been pointed against the British army
during this campaign shall be surrendered.
The Seikh army, whose insubordinate conduct is one of
the chief causes of the anarchy and misrule which have
brought the Seikh state to the brink of destruction, is about
to be disbanded.

The soldiers of the army of the Sutlej have not only proved
their superior prowess in battle, but have on every occasion
with subordination and patience endured the fatigues and
privations inseparable from a state of active operations in the
field. The native troops of this army also proved that a
faithful attachment to their colours and to the Company's
service is an honourable feature in the character of the British
Sep
The .
y Governor-General has repeatedly expressed, on his
own part and that of the Government of India, admiration
and gratitude for the important services which the army has
rendered.

The Governor-General is now pleased to resolve, as a testi-
mony of the approbation of the Government of India of the
bravery, discipline, and soldier-like bearing of the army of
'he Sutlej, that all the generals, officers, non-commi'sioned
office's, and privates, shall receive a gratuity of twelve
months' bat ta.

Every regiment which, in obedience to its orders, may
have remained in posts and forts between Loodianah and
Ferozepore, and was not present in action, as in the case of
the troops ordered to remain at Moodkee to protect the
wounded, and those left in the forts of Ferozepore and Loo-
dianah, shall receive the gratuity of twelve months' batta.
Obedience to orders is the first duty of a soldier, and the
Governor-General, in affirming this principle, can never ad-
mit that absence, caused by the performance of indispensable
duties, on which the success of the operations in the field
greatly depended, ought to disqualify any soldier placed in
those circumstances from participating in the gratuity given
for the general good conduct of the army in the field.
All regiments and individuals ordered to the frontier and
forming part of the army of the Sutlej, which may have
reached Loodianah or Bussean before the date of this order,
will be included as entitled to the gratuity.
By order of the Right Hon. the Governor- General of
India. F. CURRIE,
Secretary to the Government of India,
with the Governor-General.

The Khalsa troops after their defeat at Sobraon, retired to-
wards Umritsir. Their Commander, Tej Singh, was twice
wounded in their last conflict, and seeing no advantage from
further resistance, gave in. The remnant of the Khalsa
army was obliged to surrender their cannon, and to disperse.
The surrender of their guns was the proof of their conquest,
for on them their great reliance was placed in battle. Groans
and tears attended their departure from Lahore.
The Wuzeer Ghoolab Singh was the chief agent, but the
Queen-Mother wishes to promote her paramour, Lall Singh,
to the Wuzeership, and Ghoolab is discontented. Intrigues
are busy.
The first instalment of the money had not been paid on
the Ist of March, but it was daily expected. The with-
drawal of the British army was to take place about the 10th.
The state of the country around Lahore is described as tran-
quil, but there were bands of armed men prowling in the
districts.

Permission was given in the general orders of the 25th
February to the men of the 16th Lancers and of the 31st
Foot to volunteer into other corps. These regiments are to
come by water to Bombay, and there to embark for Europe.
Arrangements were fast making for the occupation of the
conquered country, which is exceedingly fertile, and will
yield an annual revenue of 400,0001. The chief town is Jul-
linder, with 40,000 inhabitants; Phulloor, Pugwarra, and
Sultanpore are also of note. The cantonments of the British
will not be far distant from Lahore, so as to be able to keep
down all attempts at insurrection.

The news from Sinde is not of remarkable interest. Sir
Charles Napier, leaving been fired at on going up the river
Sutlej, -landed at Ooch, and proceeded to Bhawulpore,
where he landed on the 20th of February, visited the Raja,
and set out on the 22d for Ferozepore, to join the Governor-
General. The distance is 230 miles. He had not arrived at
Lahore on the Ist of March. General M'Laren died of his
wounds at Ferozepore. The Adjutant-General of the Bengal
army, Sir J. R. Lumley, also died at Ferozepore.;
The Xizam's dominions are in a state of inextricable con-
fusion.

The Governor of Bombay, Sir G. Arthur, has had a severe
fit of illness, but was recovering. The native bazaar master
at Poonah had, after a trial of several months, been convicted
of extortion, and sentenced to six years' imprisonment.
Lord Elphinstone had reached Delhi, en route to join the
Governor• General's camp.
The banks continued to pay high interest on their capital.
The Benares Bank has declared a dividend of 10, and the
Agra Bank of 14 per cent.:

(From the Overland Bombay Times, March 16.)
SUMMARY
A calm, as complete as it has
• sudden, has succeeded
the turbulence which for months
hrot• disturbed our political
atmosphere. Ghoolab
vninag submitted
tosotofedhtour am
our terms,
Singhhis
o having
the young Maharaja, of
to express his contrition for the past, and his anxiety for thep
resumption of friendly relations on any terms which might
be conceded. The conditions prescribed were the surrender
of the protected states on the hither bank of the Sutlej, con-
fiscated by proclamation on the 13th December; and the an-
nexation to our dominions of the territory betwixt the Sutlej
and Beaz—the two adding some half million to our revenue,
5,000 square miles to the area, and perhaps 1,000,000 to the
subjects of our empire. The Khalsa army, the source of the
past mischiefs, has been disbanded, and all the cannon used
against us made over to us in addition to the 220 already
in our hands. Our troops encamped before Lahore on
the 20th; on the same day the Maharaja was es-
corted by a guard of honour to his palace. On the
22d the citadel and a portion of the palace were taken
possession of in form by a division of our troops. On
the 26th the first half million of the indemnity was
to be paid ever to us. The Seikh chiefs have nearly all
surrendered themselves or sent in their submission, and we
have experienced neither resistance nor molestation since
crossing the frontier. About 30,000 of the Khalsa troops for
a time held together; but as their leaders had left them, and
the chiefs ail submitted to the new order of things, the men
had been ordered their arrears of pay, and were-expected to
lay down their arms and disperse. The army would, it was
supposed, break up about the 10th of March, and is possibly
by this time in part wit!'in our frontier. The Sinde troops
are still moving upwards ; but as they have new left their
heavy guns and pontoons behind them, they can look for no
s
active service. Sir C. Napier had quit:;ed Bhawulpore on
the
sa2llia;ryhaeshaGdovneortnroeraeof hedsFinedreozheia)oa breoeenn thelt of
increased March.fro
His m
7,2001. to 9,6001. Ills share of the prize money alTiothu nttre
exception
Ot
iOOOll/.
of Sindeegenerallyaeeaof
uarnrdaecihueiee-t, and at no
eliisolhereaalatth3i
time do we remember seeing the Calcutta and'
Madras
journals so newsless, unless in reference to
the Fanjet* as at
present.