The Sun.
London, England, 1848-09-05 00:00:00

~change in the penal code—they have done something
towards the amelioration of the colonists in the West
India islands—they have quashed for ever the charge
of bigotry levelled against the British Legislature by
carrying their Bill for the establishment of diplomatic
relations with the Court of the Roman SOVEREIGN—
they have been the first Cabinet who have
ever done anything whatever in the way of
sanitary improvement—they have vigorously crushed
the seditious among the Chartists of England—
they have, by a series of gallant proceedings, anni-
hilated the incipient Rebellion which was being ex-
cited in Ireland by the Physical Force Repealers—
they have found time, in the midst of all their more
important occupations, to offer assistance to distin-
guished men, poets and others, who might otherwise
have perished from starvation like SAVAGE, cut their
throats like poor BLANCHARD, or have pistolled them-
selves to death like the unfortunate and distracted
HAYDON. Government having accomplished all these
things, it surely cannot be said to have evinced only
incapacity and indolence.

HER MAJESTY'S
SPEECH,

PROROGATION

PARLIAMENT.

Mr LORDS AND GENTLEMEN,
lam happy to be able to release you from the
duties of a laborious and protracted session.
The Act for the Prevention of Crime and
Outrage in Ireland, which received my assent at
the commencement of the session, was attended
by the most beneficial effects. The open display
of arms intended for criminal purposes was
checked : the course of justice was no longer inter-
rupted, and several atrocious murderers, who had
spread terror through the country, were apprehended,
tried, and convicted.
The distress in Ireland, consequent upon suc-
cessive failures in the production of food has
been mitigated `by the application of the
Law for the Relief of the Poor, and by the amount
of charitable contributions raised in other parts of
the United Kingdom.
On the other hand, organized confederacies took
advantage of the existing pressure to excite my
suffering subjects to rebellion. Hopes of plunder
and confiscation were held out to tempt the distressed;
while the most visionary prospects were exhibited
to the ambitious. In this conjunctnre I ap-
plied to your loyalty and wisdom for increased
powers ; and strengthened by your prompt con-
currence, my Government was enabled to de-
feat in a few days machinations which had
been prepared during many months. The energy
and decision shown by the Lord-Lieutenant of Ire-
land in this emergency deserve my warmest approba

l Mr. HUME has not suffered Parliament to close
without announcing his intention of renewing, at
an early period next session, his important proposi-
tion for Parliamentary Reform. We hardly needed
that assurance from the Honourable Member for
Montrose, for the movement in question having
progressed so far as it has progressed, must necessa-
rily now continue until its object is attained. Popu-
lar energy was never yet enlisted in any cause, the
popular mind was never yet bent on the accomplish-
ment of any object, without that object being ulti-
mately attained, and that cause being ultimately
successful. Full of truth is that observation of
AI7GUSTINE CAXTON, " To push on is the law of na-
ture. You can no more say to men and to nations
than to children, sit still and don't wear out
your shoes l' " Such an exhortation would be indeed
about as successful as summoning spirits from the
vasty deep—" but will they come when you do ca
them ie"

To sit still is now-a-days impossible, absolutely
impossible. This is essentially and super-eminently
the age of progress—of progress in the material
world, as is evidenced by the universal prevalence
and unparelleled celerity of the locomotive, and of
progress in the spiritual world, as is manifested by
the extraordinary changes now transpiring around us.
To push on is the law of nature. We admit the truth
of this assertion, and it is a truth in which we glory.
To push on is the law ofnature, and it is a law which
we must inevitably obey. In obedience to this law
sumptuous apparels have succeeded to the skins of
the savage, a complicated commerce has taken the place
of an unprofitable system of individual maintenance,
the man-of-war has followed in the wake of the rude
canoe, and the steam-ship has ultimately eclipsed
the sailing vessel. To push on is the
constant practice of the human race, and
in
the political world this tendency has been unmis-
takably and gloriously proved by recent events.
The eloquent Member for Buckinghamshire may
lament over the retrospect of the session, but, unpro-
pitious as in some respects has been the political
harvest of St. Stephen's, we cannot but think of the
session of 1848 with satisfaction when we consider
the evidence it has furnished of the popular tendency
to push on. During this session a great reform movement
has been initiated, and, moreover, the ballot has
been virtually accepted by the Legislature. Next
session is, we are told, to witness the further pro-
gress of these desirable reforms, and mayhap their
entire acceptation. This year reform has had insi-
dious foes to contend with, not the least fatal of
which have been imprudent and unwary friends. The
Chartists, or rather a considerable number of disorderly
persons who pleased to adopt that name, have been the
most effectual enemies of the Charter. Physical
force is the most self-destructive weapon which the
advocate of popular rights can wield. Occasioning
tumult and disorder, and inspiring fear, it only re-
pulses friends instead of overcoming foes. The un-
happy movement of last April, at first alarming, and
ultimately ridiculous, to a certain extent damaged the
cause, and retarded the triumph of Reform. Still
that invincible cause has triumphed ; in short, it
has progressed. And during the vacation,
although the doors of St. Stephen's may be closed, it
will not fail to make further progress among a greater
and more powerful concourse than St. Stephen's ever
contains. Among the body of the people liberal
principles will not fail to develop themselves with new
force and vigour, and that development will not fail
to have its ordinary and fitting effect upon the popular
representatives. The effect of this legitimate "pres-
sure from without" will be evidenced in the division
lists, and if, as Mr. Fluatm assures us, Parliamentary
Reform be next session again mooted in the Chamber
of Legislature, it is, to say the least of it, within the
limits of probability that next session it may be
adopted.

In the midst of these difficulties you
have continued your labours for the improve..
ment of the laws. The Act for facilitating the
Sale of Incumbered Estates will, I trust,
gradually remove an evil of great magnitude in the
social state of Ireland.

The system of perpetual Entails of Land
established in Scotland, produced very serious evils
both to heirs of entail and to the community, and I
have had great satisfaction in seeing it amended upon
principles which have long been found to operate
beneficially in this part of the United Kingdom.
I have given my cordial assent to the mea-
sures which have in view the improvement of
the public health, and I entertain an earnest hope
that a foundation has been laid for continued ad-
vances in this beneficial work.

GENTLEMEN OF THE HOUSE OF COMMONS,
I have to thank you for the readiness with which
you have granted the supplies necessary for the
public service.

I shall avail myself of every opportunity which
the exigencies of the State may allow for enforcing
economy.

MT LORDS AND GENTLEMEN,

I have renewed in a formal manner my diplo-
matic relations with the Government of France.
The good understanding between the two countries
has continued without the slightest interruption.
Events of deep importance have disturbed the in-
ternal tranquillity of ,many of the States of Europe,
both in the north and in the south. These events
have led to hostilities between neighbouring countries.
I am employing my good offices, in concert with
other friendly Powers, to bring to an amicable set-
tlement these differences ; and I trust that our efforts
may be successful.

am rejciced to think that an increasing sense o!
;he ;be value of peace encourages the hope that the na-
ions of Europe may continue in the enjoyment of its

blessings.
Amidst these convulsions, I have had the antis.
faction of being able to preserve peace for my own
dominions, and to, maintain our domestic tranquillity.
The strength of our institutions has been tried and
has not been found wanting. I have studied
to preserve the people committed to my charge in
the enjoyment of that temperate freedom which they
so justly value. My people, on their side, feel too
sensibly the advantages of order and security to allow
the promoters of pillage and confusion any chance of
success in their wicked designs.
I acknowledge with grateful feelings the many
marks of loyalty and attachment which I have received
from all classes of my people. It is my earnest hope
that by cultivating respect to the law and obedience
to the precepts of religion, the liberties of this people
may, by the blessing of Almighty God, be perpe-
tuated.

SPAIN.
Madrid journals of the 29th ult. have arrived. The
contents are unimportant.
MADRID BoLSA, AUG. 29.—Three per Cents., 19f
paper; Five per Cents., pi paper. Exchange on London,
46 50 paper.

THE FRENCH REPUBLIC.

We have received the French papers of yesterday
Paris continued perfectly tranquil. The journals,
with one exception, are occupied in considering the
amended project for a Constitution, and the question
as to whether having passed the Constitution, the
National Assetnbly should proceed to enact the
organic laws of the Republic, or whether it should
leave that task to its successors. The one exception
is the Presse, which bitterly complains of the exist-
ence of the state of siege.
The Siecle has the following article on the Bank of
Franca :

DEATH OF JOHN Mqi ENZIE, ESQ.—We are
sorry to hear of the death of this celebrated scholar,
whose name is so well known in connexion with Celtic
literature. Mr. APKenzie was born at Gareloch, in
Ross-shire, in 1806. He published, edited, or trans-
lated about thirty different works in the Gaelic lan-
guage. Of these, the principal are—" The Beauties of
Gaelic Poetry, and Lives of the Highland Bards ;" " The
History of Prince Charles, and of the Rebellion of
1745-46 ;" and " The English-Gaelic Dictionary." Tho
last was a work of great labour, and his close applicaton
to it for two years proved very injurious to his health.
He lingered for some months, and died at Poolewe, in
the parish of Gareloch, on the 19th ultimo.—Glasgow
Herald.
BARNET CATTLE FAlL...Yesterday this fair,
which
Earlyinis
tohnee n
joefriathineg liamrgnei
setnsie droves of cattle were
in England, commenced.
flocking in from all parts of the country in fine condi-
tion. By eight o'clock business commenced very briskly
among the Highland Scots—three and four years old
beasts selling at from 101. to 154 per head, two year old
steers at from 81. to 10/. per head. Hereford, Devon, and
Lincoln beasts were in great demand, and sold freely at
from 164 to 22/, according to size and age. Welch
beasts of all kinds met with ready buyers at good prices;
rnilch cows, of the Yorkshire breed, including their
small calf, made from 18/. t©= 251. er vers from 13/. to 18/. per head. Suffolk p
cows, ead
forwardcal with
calf, sold at from 16/. to 184 per head. The horse fair
was well supplied with good young cart-horses, suitable
for London work, which sold freely at from 40 to 55
guinea each; cart colts, two years old, from 25 to 35
guineas each. Welch ponies sold briskly, the most use-
fill making from 12 to 16 guineas each; upwards of 900
being offered for sale.
Swilatinc MATCH.—Last evening, a grand scien-
tific swimming match came off at the National Baths,
Holborn. The race was open to all the world. The
number of competitors for the prize, which was a
Leander silver medal, were four, namely, Messrs. Pew-
ters, Housen, Stiles, and Drake. Shortly after eight
o clock the candidates for the medal appeared in the
water, when each in his turn highly amused the visitors
by their extraordinary powers in swimming. Wo have
so frequently alladed to the respective abilities of each
of these swimmers that any notice at the present time is
quite unnecessary After much competition by each of
the candidates, Mr. Pewters was pronounced the winner
of the medal, by Mr. Kenworthy, who acted as umpire
on the occasion, but who would have entered the list for
the prize, had he not received a severe contusion on his
body by falling through a trap-dour on Saturday last.
The baths were well attended.

" The situation of the Bank of France, as set forth in
its returns made up to Thursday last, has given rise to a
renewal of the demand that it should resume its cash
payments. The metallic reserve amounts to 204,000
000
and the bills in circulation are 317,000,000. But
it has
been truly observed, that the Bank would have not only
to provide for the payment of its own notes in cash, but
its accounts current with the Treasury and with private
individuals, and its various acknowledgments and engage-
ments; and which together would make a total of more
than 500,000,000.
"Let a panic take place, and we can readily conceive
what would ensue. Would the Bank be then to blame
for what might then take place if it were to depart from
the prudent plan which it now adopts? We think not.
In order for the Bank tobeospt be shownentoblamethfoart nsuocthrea-
suming cash payments, it must
step would immediately remove all the
of
embarrassmentsa
of the commercial interest, by giving a signal
re-
turn to confidence. The crisis under which we have
been labouring has many causes; business inconside-
rately entered into before the Revolution; forgetfulness
on the part of a great number of bankers of the prin-
ciple that an establishment which has engagements
which are demandable at short periods should not
invest its capital where it cannot be immediately be made
available and an exaggerated alarm at the momen-
tary successes of Socialism. But this is not all. The
crisis has been so violent; it has inflicted so many and
such cruel wounds that it has been scrupulous in press-
ing for the general liquidation, and that has been one
of the mast active causes in the stoppage of business.
Certainly honourable men of business ought not to be
executed like jobbers on the Bourse. It is nevertheless
necessary that a settlement should be come to, for with.
out it credit cannot be renewed, France has been sub-
jected to enormous losses; it is necessary that they should
be arranged, and that it should be known what re-
mains. Then a movement will take place which will
bring about confidence, with a hope of future profit.
Until this be done no real benefit can accrue, whatever
may be the merit of the propositions brought forward
for the improvement of the present state of affairs."
BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAIL, WATS AT TUB STOCK-EXCHANGE, SEPT. 4.
Northern of France, 7 ex int.—Orleans and Bordeaux,
1% ex int.—Paris and Lyons, 4;i.

Lours BLANC IN EXILE. M. Louis Blanc has
addressed the following notes to the papers:—" Several
persons in England, agreeing in opinion with M. Louis
Blanc, appear disposed to offer him some public expres-
sion of their sympathy. M. Louis Blanc begs to offer
them his most sincere thanks; but at the same time he
thinks it right to state that he wishes to avoid anything
in any way likely to give offence to the English Go,
vernment. In calm study, and quiet retirement, M.
Louis Blanc has resolved to wait till brighter days dawn
on his country, and ho would be deeply grieved if his
forced appeal to the hospitality of England became the
cause of even temporary agitation."
. Ornaments for the drawing-room, library, and
!lieing-roote, in Italian alabaster, marble, bronze, and
Derbyshiregures s
Tennant spar, consisting of a great variety of vases,
, groups, inkstands, candlesticks, tables, paper-
weights. &c., imported and manufactured by James
1 , Strand, near Somerset House, London.
Mr. Tennant arranges elementary collections
of shells,
minerals, and fossils,
Iwhich will greatly facilitate the in-
teresting study of gFo
from twO to fifty guina°gYi mineralogy, and conehology,
6,

DREADFUL OCCURRENCE.—The following myste-
rious and dreadful occurrence is reported from the
county of Monaghan :—" A most appalling accident
happened on last Sunday, the 27th ult., near the town of
Monaghan. R Lamartine Grason, Esq., and his lady,
to whom ho was married on the 22d of May, were taking
a drive in a pony phaeton about four o'clock, r.rec., in
the direction of Rosmore Park, when the two ponies
nie r i t
took fright and bounded over a bridge that crosses the
Ulster Canal, and fell into the canal, about 120 feet
deep, killing Mr. and Mrs. Grason and Miss A. Gra-
ham, sister-in-law to the unfortunate young gentleman.
bits.
e t o Grasoni
annum." wash
ipsrelganrgaen t.p lN -roplerr.tyG,raasboonu
about
alsBl,eofotoni.o
pree;
y

REFUSING INTERMENT.—On Saturday a comma.
nication was received at Lloyd's, stating that one of tho
crew of the Helen, Captain Easter, having died from
cholera, off Southwold, Kent, the master took the body
ashore for interment; the authorities, however, ascer-
taining that the man had died of cholera, positively re.
fused to allow the body to be buried, and the crew con-
signed their deceased shipmate to the deep.

THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 5, 1848.

THE ARCTIC EXPEDITION.
ABERDEEN, SATURDAY EVENING.—By the fishing
cutter Bee, of Hull, arrived at Stromness on the 30th
ult., wo have the following intelligence from Davis
Straits:—
" The American whaler M`Lellan, of New London,
commanded by Captain Jackson, visited Lievely, Disco
Island, and learned that on the 2il of July, her Majesty's
ships Investigator and Enterprise, under Sir John Ross,
had reached the harbour of Lievely, and landed dis-
patches to the care of the Danish governor, to be for-
warded
by the first vessel- to Europe. The expedition
immediately proceeded in search of Sir John Franklin.
The crews were all well."
The following is a list of the Davis Straits fishery
down to the 18th of July:—
Lord Gambier, of Hull . Tons.
.. ..• ... 30
Abram, of Hull 1
True Love, of Hull
. ••• ... 60
5
Prince of Wales, of Hu11.....
... 30
Lady Jane, of Newcastle
60
Jane, of Bo'ness ..•
... 28
Princess Charlotte, of Dundee ... ... 50
Alexander, of Dundee
... 4O
Advice, of Dundee...
... ••• ... 40
Chieftain of Kirkaldy, of Dundee ... 28
Regalia, of Dundee ••• ••• ••. 34
Pacific, of Aberdeen
... ..• ... 30
Joseph Green, of Peterhead
... 67
M'Lellan, of New London
••• • . 40
No losses had occurred.

NAVAL INTELLIGENCE.
PORTSMOUTH, SEPT. 4.—The Fairy Royal yacht,
Commander Crispin, embarked her Majesty, the Prince
Consort, the Royal Family, &c., this morning at Os-
borne, and arrived with them in this harbour under the
usual salutes and ceremonies at half-past ten, landing
from the Royal tender at the Clarence-yard at a quarter
to eleven, where the naval and military Commanders-
in-Chief and their respective staffs, together with the
Captain-Superintendent and officers of the establishment
were in waiting to receive them. A guard of honour of
the 91st regiment, commanded by Major Yarborough,
Captains Wright and Ward, Lieutenant Cochrane, En-
sign and Adjutant Bremer, and Ensign Horsburgh, were
also in attendance. Mr. Cornelius Stovin, the manager
of the South-Western Railway, took charge of the Royal
train, which was set in motion by Mr. Superintendent
Stevens, of the Gosport terminus, at a few minutes before
eleven o'clock. As the train passed the terminus at
Gosport the Conde de Montemolin and suite (who ar-
rived at the Railway Hotel this morning) paid their re •
spects to her Majesty.
By the latest advices from the coast of Africa
we see it stated that the Contest, 12, Commander
M'Murdo, chased a slave-steamer, for the second time, in
June, but that the steamer led her sixty miles away,
then ran back to her place of enabarcation, leaving the
Contest to beat up (if she could) in the night, and so got
clean off and shipped a cargo, after landing one of
1,500 slaves. Of what use can sailing-vessels be in such
chases as this? Why do not the Government, if they
really mean to persevere in endeavouring to check the
traffic in slaves, employ fleet steamers? The Styx
steam-sloop, under the command of Captain H. Chads,
captured thirty vessels; but where is the sailing-vessel,
except Matson's Waterwitch, that has contributed any-
thing like such a quota as that towards the much desired
suppression?
It has not been so generally known as it should be, that
Captain Smith' 'paddle-box boats were very efficacious
in saving life at the late awful loss of the Ocean
Monarch. A letter which is before us from the Brazilian
Consul-General at Liverpool (Hr. John Pasco Grenfell)
states, that the Brazilian steam-frigate Affonso is fitted
with them, and that the late sad affair has tested their
value. Ho says :—" A few hands threw our larboard
boat over in a few seconds (we did not hail to lower it),
it floated like a cork, and then, by means of a hawser we
had fastened it to the wreck, it was placed close to the
bow of the Ocean Monarch, and was quite sufficient to
receive all the people the other boats could not hold ;
this, as well as the want of seamen, was the reason the
other paddle-box boat was not used. After
we reached the burning ship there was no want
of boats; the difficulty was getting the poor people into
them—mostly helpless women and children, without one
of the crew of the ill-fated vessel on board to lend them
a helping band, by which means many of the former
perished; for after the brave fellow Jerome got on board
not one was lost."
The Arab, 16, Commander Morris, arrived in Simon's
Bay, Cape of Good Hope, from a cruise in the Mozam-
bique Channel, on the 11th of June.
The Havannab, 19, Captain Erskine, arrived in
Simon's Bay, from England, en route to New Zealand,
on the 1 Ith of June.
Admiral Sir Charles Ogle, accompanied by Flag-
Lieutenant Cochran, went out in the Undine steamer
after her. Majesty's departure, and went on board the
Rolla, the exercise brig for thei naval apprentices, to in-
spect them. As soon as the Admiral was on board,
the brig, which was near the Spit buoy, bore up, and
set royals and port studding-sails. After running to
the westward till nearly abreast of the Kicker Point,
the studding-sails were taken in, and the barque hauled
to the wind on the port tack. She was then worked to
the eastward through Spithead, firing, her guns dur-
ing a considerable portion of the time. On reaching
the Spit she shortened sail to her topsails and jib, and
ran into the harbour, bringing up near her usual berth.
It is but justice to the officers and boys of this vessel to
say that the evolutions performed were executed in a
style which were not only highly creditable to them and
their instructors, but would not have disgraced veteran
seamen ; and the same must be said of the general con-
duct and appearance of the vessel, which is extremely
neat and seamanlike.
The jury masts of the Dauntless were removed to-
day, preparatory to her being docked either for copper-
ing or altering as the case may be.
Wind S.E. ; moderate breezes and fine weather.
The following gentlemen, mates of the Royal Navy,
passed their examinations for gunnery last week on
board the Excellent, at Portsmouth :
First Class--Messrs. Morgan, Urmston Coiling-
wood ; Campbell—Acorn ; Luce—Fox.
Second Class Messrs. Helby, Macra—Excellent ;
Watson—Firebrand ; Welch—For.
Third Class.—Messrs. Robinson—Fox ; Fitzroy—
Collingwood ; Rowley—Fox.
ROYAL MARINE ARTILLERY.—Major-General the
Right Hon, Lord Frederick Fitzclarence, G.C.H., Com-
mander-in-Chief of this garrison and the South-west
district, made an official inspection of this eminently
serviceable arm of the national defence on Southsea
Common, this afternoon. The evolutions of the corps
were performed with that perft.ction for which they have
attained such general celebrity, and were highly to the
satisfaction of the General, who expressed his approba-
tion in the most gratifying terms to Lieutenant-Colonel
Gibsone, the Commandant of the corps.
PLYMOUTH, SEPT. 2.—The Ferret, 8, Commander
George Sprigg, arrived yesterday from the coast of
Africa, touching at St. Helena and Ascension, leaving
the latter on the 18th of July, and passing the Azores
on the 21st of August. Six hundred miles south of the
Western Isles she experienced a calm for ten days. The
Ferret has been two years and six months from home,
during which time she has lost six of her hands—three
through sickness and three by accident. She has taken
thirteen prizes. Her Majesty's steam-frigate Penelope,
16, Commodore Sir C. Hotham, was at St. Paul do Lo-
anno, all well. Her Majesty's brig Contest, 12, Com-
mander Archibald M'Murdo; Heroine, 8, Commander
Charles Edmunds; Rapid, 10, Commander Edward
Dixon ; and Dart, 3, were on ,the southern coast.
Turtle continued plentiful at Ascension. Three super-
numerary seamen from the store-ship Tortoise, Captain
Frederick Hutton, stationed there, came home in the
Ferret.
The Dockyard battalion have ceased their exercises
for the season.
Wind, northerly, light ; weather, fine, with the ap-
pearance of a continuance. •
WOOLWICH, SEPT. 4.—At an early hour this morning
numerous parties visited the dockyard to witness the
Royal yacht at her moorings in the river. She is greatly
improved in her internal appearance since she was last
at Woolwich. The entire deck has been painted to re-
semble wainscot or oak, the inside of the bulwarks is an
excellent imitation of American bird's eye maple, and the
ports of the paddle-boxes next the deck of the same pat-
tern. The two paddle- boxes are joined to each other across
the deck with platforms about eight feet above it, with
ample room for two persons to promenade, and com-
mand a far wider view than could be obtained from the
deck. On each of the stern ends of the paddle-boxes
two very handsome recesses or alcoves have been fitted,
are lighted seawards with plate glass, and the front is
made to rise and fall like the moveable roof of a carriage,
the projecting material being of waterproof leather. The
principal cabin below is beautifully fitted up, and the
seats are cushioned and covered with crimson morocco
leather all round the stern side of the vessel; the fire-
place, near the rudder handle, is constructed of beauti-
fully formed groups of flowers, highly coloured and
preserved by the finest enamel on a delicate ground, and
encased in solid and brightly polished brass mouldings,
the chimney of the fireplace having the appearance of a
handsome pillar supported on an appropriate base. The
rudder passes through the principal cabin, and is covered
completely round with carving, which gives the cover
the appearance of being a pillar for supporting the deck.
The chief cabin is profusely lighted by plate-glass win-
dows, and on the side next the passage the door and
windows are fitted with ground glass. The dining-room
is spacious, and contains on the walls a series of maps
on spring rollers. The moulding of the ceiling through-
out the principal rooms and passages is formed of con-
cave and convex representations of a sea shell; the con-
vex one gilded and placed alternately with the concave.
Captain Ellice, comptroller of steam machinery, Mr.
Lloyd, chief engineer at the Admiralty, and Mr. Tric
assistant to the chief engineer at Woolwich Dockyard kett,
,
went on board the Royal yacht to-day, to insect
machinery, previous to her Majesty's embarkation. the
The Niger had her steam up to-day, and worked her
propeller in the stream. Captain Ellice, Comptroller of
Steam Machinery, Mr. Lloyd, chief engineer at the Ad-
miralty, and Mr. Trickett, assistant to the chief engineer
at Woolwich Dockyard, went on board at the time the
engines were at work to witness the result, and they gave
52 revolutions per minute. The engines are by Maudslay,
Sons, and Field, and on the direct action principle.
Lieutenant-Colonel Colquhoun was also on board in the
afternoon to witness the working of the engines, and
examine the principle on which they are constructed.
The Niger and the Plumper are to be tried down the
river on Wednesday, and the latter will have a new
screw fitted. On Thursday both these vessels will go
down again with the Lords of the Admiralty on a trial
to satisfy their Lordships as to their merits.
Hors.--The first pocket of Itea hops, of the
growth Hattie present year, consigned to Messrs. Hor-
ton and , hop factors, Southwark, was yesterday
sold at 958. per. cwt. It was a very
fair sample, and
superior in quality to the produce of ordinary years.
Picking is not expected to become general for about ten
day&

Id
THE LATE FATAL FIRE IN WAR- Southgate's father. I have never said that I'll,llll
DOUR-STREE r. I do her all the mischief that I could.
Although Yesterday evening Mr. Bedford resumed an in- entertained an opinion that the deceased WlSP°oio"i
quiry, which lasted several hours, at the Albion I did not think fit to mention it to any one. this
Coffee-house, 62, Wardour-street, on view of the
The prisoner evinced much uneasiness during t 1
body of Florence Elizabeth de Touche, aged two witness's examination, and frequently contrsf‘_: A
years and a half, who met with her death at the recent ' her on such parts of her testimony
conflagration on the evening of Friday last, , her.
st OP
Grace Boyd, the niece of Mr. Coney, of 61, War- John Peck, parish constable of Wiz, VVSS lie
fortaer
dour-street, where the fire took place, said she mined—Had known Mrs. Southgate and her „„..,
retired to bed shortly after eleven' o'clock, and then husband, Thomas Ham, seven or eight years.
~.;
all was perfectly safe. As her uncle was out, she lived very miserably together. Had beard t 71,10
left the gas at the end of the counter burning, in order ceased say to her, "If you go with Southenvio
that he might light his candle on his return. There shall not be happy." She said, "I will. g° or to
was a quantity of newspapers and other paper lying all him—l will have him." This was a year os
as mostly stlecw-
around the gas. Witness put the deceased child to bed before the deceased's death. 'While kialt,louts.
in the second floor back room about half past seven alive he had seen Mrs. Ham leave John 001_1,
in the boulut
o'clock. There were twelve other persons sleeping in gate's house late at night and early
the house, in addition to Mr. Coney's family. After ing; sometimes as late as five o'clock.
Soutsci
the fire had been discovered, and she had been dragged three weeks after Ham's death, John
down stairs by several firemen and policemen, she had occasion to go to Londob, and she sett;
attempted once or twice to go upstairs to the child's me and said,—"Do you know where I can finovi'ho
room, but they prevented her, and said, " D-- the Southgate in London ?" He informed her, andoefas
child, mind yourself." She believed she could have she returned she said she had found Win'
saved the child over and over again if she had been going, however, she asked witness whether he wouldlied
allowed to go up stairs.
be likely to marry her if she found him? He rep
.4
Paul Girard, fireman, of the London Fire Estab- that it would be probable, On Tuesday, the sfe,
lishment, deposed that about an hour after his arrival ult., he was passing by Southgate's house when'
at the fire, he was informed by the superintendent, Southgate called him and asked him al;out tote
that there was a child in the second floor back room. some wheat. Being about to leave, Mrs. Sou''''tho
He immediately hoisted the ladders, and on entering said, ~ Sit down, haven't you -heard be
at the window, he found the child ying on its back. news ?" Witness said, " Yes, Tommy is, tc)ija,
He wrapped it in green baize, and without delay taken up to-morrow; they say he is poisoned.' „
handed it down the ladder. When fvvitness entered Southgate then remarked, "Let them take him "Ibie
the room in which the child was,
,it was in flames. I know I used him as well as he did me, fljois
He wished to observe that there were two engines on strived to take my life once." 'Witness said, ' the
the spot before he arrived, and he was of opinion if so ?" She replied, "By disordering me when in ith
any one had been in the house before, the stairs family-way;" and added, "Before I would put with
might have been safely ascended, and the child him for what he has done to me I would lie hue
saved.
John Southgate, who was present the whole thud
Police-constable Richards, 57 C, deposed that he then said, "Hold your tongue. Hold your rovi,ll:,
brought two children out of the burning house. He no one will hurt you." During this conversation V"
heard some person say that another child was missing. appeared to be flurried.
.A saki
He then went up stairs and searched all the bed- Mrs. Sarah Gardener, sister of the accus..-9,,.ed,
rooms on the first floor. He also went up to the she saw the deceased on the evening before he u!0,,,
second floor, but the smoke was so overpowering that He complained of great difficulty in swalleWcl7,
he could not retain to search.
Could not recollect whether he retched or was sit of
James Duggen, conductor of the St. James's fire- She remained with him all night at the request escape, deposed that on his arrival at the premises, he Mr. Manthorpe the surgeon. On the follawire.
placed his ladder against a particular window of the morning, at half-past five r°
clock, he died. helier
second floor, to which he was directed, and searched gistered his death. On the Thursday following! .„0
dealt' about but found no person. He was subsequently sister (Mrs. Ham) sent her to the registrar, of
told that the child was safe, and he then removed his her to state to him, as the cause of death, rupture
machine.
a bloodvessel.
i Is
It should be explained, that in the second floor By Foreman of the Jury—l was w-t de'
front there were four windows. Three of those win- before heed ied. Her sister, the wife, asked the,o.o
dows belonged to one room, and the other to another ceased if he had not a wish to die ? He said, "11 0
room which communicated a ith the back apartment Her sister never told her that she thought hew .0
in which the unfortunate child slept. Several per- likely to die. He was quite rational up to the ti
01
sons present declared that the last witness was directed of his death. While she was with him she tlid4
to place his ladder against this particular window, and see that he took anything excepting a glass of We're%
to proceed to the back room. Witness persisted, how- Mrs. Ham, the mother of the deceased, VMS- to
ever, that he had placed his ladder and had done as he called. Her previous examination was read oustrtio
had 'been ordered.
her, and, in answer to Mr. Church, she said
Mr. Coney, the proprietor of the house, gave it she had never observed that the deceased me
fob
as his decided opinion, that if any person had entered committing suicide. She could not sa 50,
at the window above referred to, and had gone into wished to live. y
the back room, he must of necessity have seen, the Mrs. Jane Harvey, who was previously exanahltoecis
child.
was again called— When visiting Mrs. Haneillina
George James, oilman, of 72, Wardour-street, ex- had seen her take arsenic from a piece of PaPer of
actly opposite the scene of the conflagration, deposed scrape it over bread and butter for the purpoeki
that he heard Grace Boyd distinctly describe the po- destroying rats and mice. She knew it to be arserjb,
sition of the apartment in which the deceased slept. as Mrs. Ham and her husband told her it wan elitle
He had heard persons exclaim that the child was She could not say how long this was done before
saved. Grace Boyd, however, cried out violently deceased's death.
the
that the child was not saved, and continued to scream At six o'clock, the evidence having concluded, -
; fal
that it was in the second floor back. Witness ran Coroner proceeded to address the jury on the pa.e„f
for the fire escape; but the man in charge appeared duty left to their charge, at the same time 10,14
to be very dilatory. Saw the fire-escape man ascend over the whole of the statements adduced by ....
the ladder, and when he came down he heard him witnesses.
say there was no child there. Mr. Robinson asked if he had searched the back room, and he answered that the At the conclusion the inquest-room was
cleated for
ot jy to delib.
he had examined the bed and there was no child there. it
wasur re-opened,erate when kn
In the course of half an "y
IV
Witness's impression was, that the fireman had turned The Foreman, addressing the Coroner, said_..--"la
into the room on the left instead of going into the unanimous verdict of the jury is ' Wilful iiitl'ed
back room.
against Hannah Southgate, the widow of the dew
The CORONER, in summing up, observed, with Thomas Ham."
tle'
reference to a kind of inferential charge of neglect The prisoner exclaimed—" lam innocent, lien„re,
upon the fire-escape man, that no doubt in an inquiry men, of the crime," and exhibited great comPos',lo
of this nature it was the duty of the jury, if' any She was immediately removed, and conveyed by "m,
neglect were proved on the part of those whose espe- train to Chelmsford county gaol, where she was cog
cial duty it was to endeavour to save life, to express mitted on the Coroner's warrant to take her trial at
their strongest condemnation of such neglect; but in winter assizes.
It
the present case he was of opinion that there was no The inquiry did not terminate till nine o'clock. de
direct testimony that the fire. escape man had not, was said that application was intended to be ula
under the circumstances, acted according to the_best to Sir George Grey, the Secretary of State, for foot'
of his judgment,
ther exhumations of bodies of persons suspecteu „
The jury, after some deliberation, found that the have been poisoned in the neighbourhoods of Dovelos
child's death was caused by " Burning, the result of court, Bradfield, Tendering, and Ramsey, as wen d
an
an accidental fire."
the remains of the former husband of Mrs. Mai'
The subscription commenced on account of the
sufferers has already amounted to 36 her children.
open. /, and is still am•1•n0w1m...,•••••••............•
VT

gal
-ii. HE ARMY IN IRELAND: The following 1" ..t
official return of the troops in Ireland for the will;
month, commencing on Sunday:—Cavalry, ISt D
goon Guards, Cahir; 6th ditto, Dundalk; 2d Drag
,„-
Athlone; 4th Light Dragoons, Newbridge; 6th dit""
Dublin; 7th Hussars, Dublin; Bth Hussars, NI,:
bridge; 12th Lancers, Cork; 13th Light Dragect;
Longford; and 17th Lancers; thus making ten cavalry
regiments. First Foot, 2d battalion, Parsonstown; `‘
Foot, Dublin; 3d Buffs, Piltown, Waterford; 6th F°°.
Belfast'
2d battalion, Youghal ; 9th Dublin ; 13th, 26th, Cork ; 31st, Athlone; 35tb, Dublin; 40th, Gii_.„ way; 41st, Buttevant ; 43d, Templemore ; 47th, CI,
mei ; 48th, Dublin ; 49th, Dublin ; 55th, Dublin ; 57,.3.,
Enniskillen ; 59th, Templemore ; 60th Rifles, 2d he",b,
lien, Dublin ; 64th, Limerick ; 68th, Mullingar ; 7°'
Cork; 71st, Naas ; 74th, Thurles ; 75th, Ballingallo
83d, Kilkenny ; 83th, Thurles ; 89th, Parsonso.o
and outposts ; 92d, Limerick. The depot comPsona,l
of the 7th Foot at Waterford ; the 19th et `7-t-h
tlebar; the 34th at Nenagh; the 38th at Boyle; the 66th
at Kinsale; the 73d at Fermoy; the 79th at Mullion;
the 88th at Tralee; and the 95th at Londonderry addition there are detachments of the Royal Artiir'
Royal Marines, Royal Engineers, and armed
peKc: making a total of upwards of 50,000 men.
n2s-rno
ri h
evident, that unless some reduction takes
place in tue7-be l
military establishment considerable confusion Inns' the result. The 12-hour signals from
post to post owre
stilt kept up. In consequence of the
damage done the encampments during the late rains, the Ordnance
have determined upon using none but waterproof eallrei
in their construction for the future. Major-Geee.
Macdonald will command the troops at Nenag h during
the ensuing special commission, and Major-GeneralNa-
pier at Limerick.
at
BA RTHOLOMEW FAIL—Yesterday afternoon, f
two o'clock, the Lord Mayor, attended by
London and Middlesex, went in state to Stnith_l2:lo
Market; the procession halted opposite the great 16%
leading into Cloth-fair, at which spot the proclatned tion for the holding of Bartholomew Fair was madetePo,
the ancient Court of Piepowder opened with due I t. .
the Sheriffs rd
lemnity at the Hand and Shears public-house adjneenu
This court has absolute jurisdiction to determine,4B
plaints or causes of action arising within the fair. The
fair is to terminate on Wednesday; the booths and stall!
to close at ten o'clock each evening, under heavy Pensr..
tie& With the exception ofhalf a dozen toy and giegd,
bread stalls, there was no attempt at a fair in Smitb4e4a:
in the Britannia Fields, Islington, and at Bow, the,so
turnalia termed New Bartholomew Fairs were.o,9° • '
which there was an unlimited supply of the usual ai'''.
Lions.

POISONINGS IN ESSEX.
THORPE, ESSEX, MONDAY EVENING.—This day at
noon the important inquiry concerning the murder
of Thomas Hatn, who died from the effects of arsenic,
alleged to have been administered by his wife,
Hannah Southgate, was resumed at the School-
room, Tendring, before Mr. Codd, the coroner for
North Essex.
It has already been mentioned that the police
of the district have made such discoveries as to
leave little doubt that a horrible system of
poisoning has been going on in this district for
some time past. The convicted poisoner, Mary
May, who was executed at Chelmsford a few weeks
since, for poisoning her brother at Wix, is said to
have been implicated in the suspected cases, more or
less ; and it seems that the authorities are only wait-
ing the result of this investigation to direct the ne-
cessary judicial inquiries.
As on previous occasions, the greatest interest was
manifested to hear the evidence. The inquest-room
was densely crowded, and amongst those present were
Mr. Leake, one of the chairmen of the Essex Quarter
Sessions, several clergymen of the district, and a num-
ber of ladies of the neighbourhood.
The prisoner, Hannah Southgate, was present in
custody of the governor of Colchester gaol. She
appeared more reserved than on the previous occasion,
and watched the evidence with much earnestness.
Her husband was also present, and seemed consider-
ably affected by the serious position of his wife. Mr.
Church, a solicitor, of Colchester, attended as her
legal adviser.
The CORONER having briefly re-opened the investi-
gation,
Phoebe Read, the servant of the deceased, was
recalled, and was asked some explanatory ques-
tions in reference to her previous evidence. She
said on the 25th of April, the day the deceased
was taken seriously ill, he had some tea and toast
for breakfast at nine o'clock, and that shortly after
twelve o'clock he had some gruel. She now added
that he was sick a short time after his breakfast, and
before he had the gruel. It was a long time back to
recollect, but she was certain he was not sick before
breakfast. He continued sick up to the time of his
death. Nobody else was in the house but witness and
Mrs. Ham. When Mrs. Ham went her rounds on
the Monday morning, the 26th, did not know that
deceased had got out of bed. Knew, however, that
when she returned he was in his bedroom sitting on
a chair. Did not see the deceased eat any meat on
the Sunday or Monday. (Professor Taylor spoke to
finding particles of partially digested food in the
stomach.)' Knew that the wife of the deceased kept
money, it was said 1501., in a tin Case under her bed.
Did not know why she kept it there.
- Mr. Charles Elrich, who was examined on the last
occasion, was next called.
The CORONER—Did you ever see the woman May
having any conversation with Mrs. Ham ?—I ave.
She called at Mrs. Ham's residence, and they had
some conversation about her quarrel with the de-
ceased, her husband.
The CORONER—What did Mrs. May say P—Mrs.
May, after hearing the particulars of the quarrel, re-
marked to Mrs. Ham, "If he was my husband I
would give him a pill."
Did Mrs. Ham make any reply P—She said, " I'll
be d—d if I don't give him a dose one of these days."
When did this conversation take place ? Long
before the deceased's death ?—As far as I can recol-
lect, it was some time before his death ; but I can't
recollect the date. I have heard Mrs. Ham say she
would poison her husband if he did not die soon. I
said, "You must be a fool to talk like that; if I
could get my living like you I would leave him." She
replied, "Do you think I would leave him with my
bit of money ?" I have heard her say she liked John's
(Southgate's) little finger better than the deceased's
whole carcase.
I believe you were a witness at the :trial of the
woman May at Chelmsford. Just state what tran-
spired between you and Mrs Ham when you returned ?
On the Tuesday (the trial was on the Monday) I
returned home, and Mr. and Mrs. Southgate came to
see me. We had some conversation about the trial.
Mrs. Southgate asked me if she (May) said any-
thing ? I said " No." Mrs. Southgate then said,
"..1 am sorry for her. I should not like her to be
hung, poor thing." John Southgate said, " She
ought to be hung; it served her right." I said,
" You ought to talk small, John ; it may not be all
over yet." _ _

What induced you to make that remark ?---I don't
know, I'm sure ; it is what I thought.
itw.4lVell, what further conversation had you ?—Mrs.
Southgate said, " Ah, Charlotte, mate, he don'
know all I know !" I said, "I suppose
you do. t
"
Several women have seen me in conversation
with Mrs.
Southgate. I believe I did not mention this conversa-
tion until after the rumour was abroad that the body
of the deceased was taken up, when I stated it to Mr.
Inspector Raison. But, long since, I have had my
suspicions that the deceased was poisoned. To my
knowledge, however, I do not recollect mentioning I
my belief to the neighbours.
By Air. Church--I am a tenant under John i

$
ACCIDENT TO MR. Tr ot
R. ROBERT STEPHENSON,
ENGINEER.—An accident, which providentially ivss '"-
attended with any serious consequences, occurred 0
ri
Wednesday last to Mr. Stephenson, at the Conway 3rta.
tion of the Chester and Holyhead Railway. It
Bangor that on the arrival of the express train from Bang°'„,
was deemed necessary to put on another first-class car,
riage. The porters were in the act of pushing the cam
riage across the down line, when the express train frt.:A
Chester was observed coming along at full speed ; 3 it the men, to avoid the danger, left the carriage, and, ase
afterwards appeared, before it was
quite clear of 1h
lino. Mr. Stephenson, in company
with a friend' l'fir.
Lee, had previously seated himself in the vehienl;
In a few minutes the Chester express train carne
-'
at a great speed; the engine caught the prejectiaci
corner of the carriage, throwing the whole about a ar. from the rails, and smashing the wheels, glass d°°l.l;
and a portion of the framework in pieces. Immediately
after the concussion Mr. Stephenson was seen descellaa ing the steps, and was observed to fall on his back- '
was instantly taken up and supported to the
statio
house by Mr. Lee and Mr. Swinburne. It was fours°
that he was much stunned and rendered almost line°l3;
scions by the shock and fall; but we are happy to Of that in a short time he was able to walk to the Oar
Hotel. The next morning he left for Chester. Dlr.
Lee escaped without injury, as,
seeing the train sP"
proach, he pressed his back and feet to the sides of 1
carriage, and thus escaped.
when it became known hat
Great excitement prevail'
. Stephenson had had so
narrow an escape from severe personal injury. FREE BATHS AND WASHHOUSES FOR THE P0°11.7;
Yesterday the third annual report of the association
promoting cleanliness amongst the poor, of the for.
._4,L
and washhouses in Glasshouse yard, ,East ta:mlSor-___;"
was made by the committee. It stated that the -.7);
lishment was highly valued by the poor, and thisiugbia
past twelve months there were 33,655 bathers, eBC", a
whom have an ample supply of warm water, a Tee.. •
towel, and a piece of soap, 34,843 poor women who 011,7
a plentiful supply of hot and cold water, and of sods
and soap, have washed and dried the clothing of Sheila;
selves and families, and 12,610 had ironed, making
total of 81,108 persons during the year who have :
par-
ticipated in the benefits of the establishment, wit"as
one farthing cost to themselves. The institution h .
also gratuitously furnished many hundreds of the pcif.i.
in the crowded and wretched localities of East South-
field field with whitewashes and the loans of pails and bruphes_
to cleanse and purify their dwellings, and which to °great extent has prevented the spreading of fever pre-
vailing at several periods during the year. The
her
sub-
scriptions for the year amounted to 289/. 125., toget__-,
with a loan of 471. 18s., making a total of 3371. luso
whilst the expenses amounted to 367/, ss. 11d., being a
excess over income of nearly 30/.
CHARTIST PROSECUTIONS.—The police are DOW in ,
search of Joseph Rooney, described as of Christchurcb
Blackfriars, and of William Wilson, of St. Giles's-in-the"
Fields, and as they have both made themselves consp!
cuous in Chartist proceedings some importance is at-
tached to their apprehension. True bills for sechti .oro,
e ,
uttered at the South London Hall, Webber-street, we r,
found against them at the last session of the Ceara'
Criminal Court, but neither surrendered.