The Sun.
London, England, 1848-08-08 00:00:00

BIRMINGHAM, Auto. 7.

STOCK EXCPSANGE. - Very little business done. No list
issued. The sales are—Shrewsbury and Birmingham (B)‘
3/. 11s. 3d. nis.—Caledonian, Bs. 9d. p.

IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT.

HOUSE OF LORDS. August 7.
JUVENILitI OFFENDERS (IRELAND) BILL.
Lord MONTEAGLE then moved the second reading
of the Juvenile Offenders (Ireland) Bill, which had
come up from the House of Commons.
Earl GREY did not object to the principle of the Bill,
but he thought the measure (me of too important a na-
ture to be considered hurriedly. He thought it would
be advisable not to press it at this late period of the

session.
The Bill was read a second time, and ordered to be
committed to-morrow.
Earl GREY that to-morrow he should lay upon
the table some additionalsadi papers connected with emigra-
tin to Australia. and take that opportunity to make a
general statement as to what measures had been adopted
on the subject.
THE RUM DUTIES BILL.
The Duke of ARGYLL, before the order of the day
for the second reading of the Rum Duties Bill was read,
wished to know whether it was the intention of the Go-
vernment to use their best exertion fur the purpose of
obtaining the sanction of Parliament to the British Spi-
rits Warehousing Bill.
The Earl of GRANVILLE said the Bill was before
the other House of Parliament, and it was the intention
of the Chancellor of the Exchequer to proceed with it as
speedily as possible. The Bill had been reported. The
Noble Lord then moved the second reading of the Bill.
After a short conversation, in which the Duke of
ARGYLh and Lord MONTEACLE took part, the Bill was
read a second time and ordered to be committed to mor-
row (this day).
The Caledonian Canal Bill was read a second time.
The Salmon Breed Preservation Bill and the Public
Works (Ireland) Bill went through Committee.
The Corn Markets (Ireland) Bill was reported, and the
third reading fixed for to-morrow.
Their Lordships then adjourned.

HOUSE OF COMMONS. August 7.
PUBLIC HEALTH BILL.
The House then went into Committee on this Bill, for
the purpose of considering the Lords' amendments.
Viscount MORPETH said he should propose the
adoption of all the amendments up to clause 8.
It was subsequently arranged, however, that the
amendments should be put seriatim.
On clause 8 being proposed,
Viscount MORPETH. said he did not wish to inter-
fere vtith the just right of the other House of Legisla-
ture to make amendments in the sanitary code by which
the country was to be governed. The amendment to
this claw was made in the other House by a Right
Rev. Prelate, whose care and anxiety for the welfare of
the poor could not be exceeded, and was well known.
He did not object to the amendment, but he considered
it was drawn up in a way which was not the best that
could be adopted. He thought it wise possible to re-
model the amendment so as to do away with the objec-
tion to it in its present form. He proposed, therefore, to
take the proportion of 23 deaths in 1,000 and that pro-
portion, he considered, would exhibit such an amount of
unhealthiness in the district where this rate of mortality
prevailed, as to take away any difficulty that might be
supposed to exist in applying this Bill to those places.
He did not wish to spread alarm in the mind of the
public as to the progress of the cholera, but he con-
ceived he should not be acting fairly, nor be discharging
his public duty, if he did not state facts which had come
to his knowledge—the same precursors to the cholera
which appeared in 1832, such as influenza, diarrhoea, &c.,
bad also shown themselves recently in this country, Lie
would state the information which he had received re
specting the progress of the cholera in certain countries
of Europe. The following letters had been received by
her Majesty's Government:—
Extract of a letter from Dr. P. Leonardi, of the quaran-
tine at Angora, dated June 26, 1848.
" During the last week the cholera has manifested
itself in this city. The cases have averaged from four to
five daily. The mortality here has not been great, but
I regret to say that at Balgat, a village distant one hour
to the west, nearly the whole population has perished."
Extract of a dispatch from Mr. Consul Gardner, Jassy,
July 26, 1848.
"The choler& is diminishing at Jassy, but raging witli •

violence in the ct,untry. My letters from the district re-
prewth, its etY ets as iLost destructive."

"A return ot the casualties trvin cholera ot St. Peters-
burgh, cooiptlut from official ptibications, to the latest
dates, July 24:—Cases, 17,742; deaths, 10,131; cures,
4,618; and :r treatment, 2,986. Proportions:—per 100
—deaths, 57; cures, 26; under . treatment, 17.—British
Consulate, July 26.
"Moscow.—Cases, 9,754; deaths, 4,309."

" Cairo, July Is.
"My Lord,—l regret extremely to inform your Lord-
ship that the Asiatic cholera has suddenly appeared. here
in a form of unusual malignity. Whence or how iteame
I am at present unable to state, as no case has been re-
piled from any of the ports or frontiers of Egypt. Hi-
therto its ravages have been chiefly confined to Boulak,
the port of this city on the Nile. On the night of the
15th instant five cases occurred in that suburb; ou the
16th, 18; yesterday and last night, 49 cases. What is
must nielaneholl., and also most extraordinary,. is, that
although the sufferers have all possible medical aid
from practitioners who have had great experience in
the treatment of cholera, not one case has hitherto
been saved—every single patient has died in the course
of a few hours. The Board of Health have assembled and
have issued a series of precationary regulations, with a
view to findt the ravages of this fearful scourge; but it
is in vain to hope that, having begun with such force
and intensity, its progress can now be arrested by any
human effort. The will of Providence may, indeed,
cause it to disappear as suddenly as it appeared ; but
until some cases of successful treatment shall have been
reported, it will be difficult for the public mind to be
much tranquillised by the suggestions of the faculty.
" I have, &c., " C. A. MURRAY."
" Therapia, July 1.
"My Lord,—The strength of the disease appears to
fluctuate in some degree with. the wind, being o❑ the in-
crease whenever a south or south-east wind prevails.
" The accounts from Broussa, Odessa, ands Bucha..
rest, not to mention other places of less note, are 'Very
alarming. " STRATFORD CANNING.
" The Viscount Palmerston; G.C.8."
"Belgrade, July 9.
" Sir,—A letter from the small town of Gradiaa, on
the Danube, about 20 leagues from hence, states:—
" The cholera has appeared in a dreadful form. We
have heard of no recoveries, and most of the cases ter-
minated fatally within twelve hours. •

" A healthy woman, while occupied in cooking, was
attacked by agonising cramps in the limbs,which,brought
her to the ground in en instant. Her skin became blue
and cold, and in less than five minutes she expired. Two
men in the next village died almost instantaneously—
their bodies all blue, and their knees drawn up to their
stomachs. Every hour we see corpses carried out for
interment, it being impossible to keep them until the
next day.

" I am, Sir,
" T. DE G. DE FONBLASQUE. '
" John Bidwell, Esq."

" Tchelrerghi, near Broussa.
"My Lord,—l lament to have to perform the duty of
announcing to your Lordship a fearful visitation of the
cholera in this district. It manifested itself in the town
about eight days ago, and the number of attacks has
increased to 60 or 70 a day. In most cases they have not
been fatal where prompt medical assistance was ol:o•
tamed. In the immediate vicinity of the consulate the
malady broke out and continues to rage with intense
violence; not a house has escaped. It has swept off two '
of my domestics, a third recovered from an attack, and
one of my daughters felt a victim to the scourge a few
hours after our arrival at this village, where the hot
mineral springs are situated, which escaped the former
visitation in 1831, and hitherto is exempt for the present.
It is spread over many of the villages near, and a great
part of the district, extending also to Balukissar, and the
valley of the Sangarius, from such imperfect information
as I can yet obtain. "I have, &c.,
" D. SANDISON, Consul.
" Viscount Palmerston, G.C.8."
" Belgrade, June 30.
" Sir,—ln a letter from Ulexinii, Captain Cecil John-
son says—. There is nothing new here, except that on
the 18th a swarm of caterpillars, such as no man ever
saw before, took possession of this valley, and by sunset
had destroyed every plant. Such was the number—of
these insects that the people were turned out at four
o'clock in the morning to destroy them with besoms,
branches of trees, &c. The roads were literally black
with them, and the house in which I live was covered to
the first-fluor. The heat is overpowering, a breeze blow-
ing like the hot winds of India. A Tatar from Stamboul
reports that the cholera was raging in that city.' Nearly
similar phenomena to these mentioned were observed
at different places in 1831 and 1835, and assumed to bail
some occult connexion with cholera. It is certainly
singular coincidence that (besides Alexinii) most of the .
valleys on the south-eastern frontier of Serwia and the
west of Bulgaria should have been covered with cater-
pillars (of a peculiar kind, as the peasants allege) just as
the cholera was advancing to within a few leagues of
these districts ; but then it should also be considered that
the same unusual heat, which adds intensity and impulse
to the disease, may also account for the extraordinary-.
development of insect life.

"I am, &c.,
" T. DE G. DE FONBLANQUE."
" Jassy, June 26.
" My Lord,—Since my preceding dispatch of the 19th
inst., consular No. 11, I have the honour to report that
the prevailing epidemy, the cholera, has assumed a very
violent character in Jassy, and that the number of casu-
alties has varied from 30 to 100 deaths per diem. The
Government has not judged it advisable to issue any bul-,
letins on the occasion. The malady offers quite a novel
character. It has been so rapidly destructive that per.
sons in perfect health haver fallen victims to it
in the short space of two or three hours,
and the instances are numerous. It may be attri-
buted, undoubtedly, to the excessive heat of the season.
The thermometer for successive weeks has seldom
marked less than 29 to 30 degrees by Reaumur, or 100
by Fahrenheit in the shade. At Galata the malady has
almost ceased ; at Ibraila and Bucharest it has
nished ; and th abundant rain now falling will refresh
the atmosphere, and relieve us from one of the chief
causes of disease. In the meantime the city has been
abandoned by all the families who have the means of
quitting it, and my own chancery is deserted. All the
tribunals are closed as well as the schools, and rigorous
measures are employed at the barriers,. or tolls of the
city, to prevent the egress of whatever may propagate
the malady, and regulations prohibiting the introduction
of various supplies are also enforced. Provisions are
becoming Scarce and very dear.
" To add to this gloomy picture, immense swarms of
locusts have appeared in every direction, and in a ten-
fold amount to that of last year.
" I have, &c.,
" SAMUEL GARDNER."
dessa, , 1848. eMy Lord,--The presence" of O
the cholera in2B this town
was for the first time acknowledged by public authority
yesterday. According to official report there were on
andtAh nadt dfnraoty—mhe
the
pnoerwtl_9ct ethos et
of
fl,
11n3au3ym;
tbdoe era
tt
hho
esf ,
p4cr tug;
ee
in
,rt eBdc2ao4yv
;e,ri inae
nst ,do 2woBnf.
deaths, 332; of recoveries, 235; remaining sick, 257.
The present population of Odessa is stated to exceed
90,000 inhabitants. lam not yet prepared to speak on
the modes of treatment adopted here, which, in the
hands of professional men, varies very materially under
different circumstances. All condemn neglect of first
symptoms, however trifling, recommending instant and
energetic remedies; and the simplest means thus applied
in numerous instances have proved successful, such as
large doses of the essence of peppermint, even brandy
with pepper or ginger, and, in particular, violent fric-
tion. The cholera is reported to be very severe in Ni-
colayeff and Cherson, and its parts of Bessarabia. It is
spreading throughout the country, and is advancing ra-
pidly westward. It has likewise re-appeared in the
towns on the Axoff, though in a very slight degree.
" I have, &c.

" AMES .
" The Right Hon. Viscount PaJlmerston, Y
G.C.I3EAMES."
He did not mean to say that tho adoption of this clause
would stop the ravages of a calamity now raging from
the Neva to the Nile ; but everything showed that the
adoption 3f the precautionary measures tended to miti-
gate such evils. The Noble Lord here quoted a paragraph
from the " Medico-Chirurgical Review" to show that
the cholera had raged with the greatest intensity where
sanitary regulations and precautions were least attended
to. He, therefore, on the behalf of the poor felt himself
called upon to ask the House to adopt this amendment,
for if the cholera should come he should not like to have
it ou his conscience that he had not done all in his
power to protect the poor from its operation. He begged,
therefore, the House to adopt the amendment modified
in the way he had described.
Mr. HENLEY said the great difficulty he had
with respect to this amendment was that he could
form no opinion as to the class of towns to which
it would apply, and, therefore, it was not possible
to say the amount of additional taxation which
such an amendment would create. .He would
have been better satisfied had the clause been
printed, so that the House and country would have had
an opportunity of looking into it, and ascertaining its
nature and bearing. If disease visited this country again
as rapidly as it did some years ago, the present Bill
would not be of much use, as its cumbrous machinery
could not be put into action with sufficient celerity to be
of any real service. He wished to know whether the
Noble Lord would consent to make the order provisional
rather than a direct order? The mode proposed of
judging of the amount of malady and the rule under
which the Bill was to be applied, might be a very fair
way of judging of the question ; but that was a matter
which was not made clear ; and, therefore, it was better
to have some distinct idea on the subject, in place of
taking a leap in the dark.
Viscount MORPETH said he had no objection to
assent to the proposition of the Hon. Member, provided
it was understood that no unnecessary delay to the mea-
sure was to take place.
Mr. NEWDEGATE protested against being bound
by any suggestion on the part of the Noble Lord that
there was to be no oppositi..n to the Bill.
Mr. URQUHART said ho objected to the clause in
tole.

In answer to a question put by Mr. CARDWELL,
The ATTORNEY-GENERAL said that as the Bill
originally stood, whether there were local Acts or not,
where nut less than one•tenth of the inhabitants peti-
tioned the general board, an inspection would be allowed.
If there were no Act of Parliament an order in Council
might bo made—if there was an Act of Parliament
provisional order might be made. The addition to the

clause or amendment of the Lords madoan inquiry
necessary in a further case. For instance, that in places
where the wealthier classes might be free from disease,
but where there might be a great mortality amongst tb•
poorer inhabitants—whether from the mal-administra-

Lion of the local Acts or want of knowledge—then the
Act should authorise the general board to send anin-
spector down
_to the district.
Alderman SIDNEY had such strong objections to the