The Sun.
London, England, 1848-10-18 00:00:00

N0.17,492.] LONDON, WEDNESDAY YEN NG

NEW WORK BY THE AUTHOR OF "VANITY FAIR."
On the First of November will be published, price IS.
(to be continued Monthly), No. I. of
THE lIISTORY OF PENDENNIS;
his FORTUNES and MISFORTUNES, his FRIENDS and
his GREATEST ENEMY.
By W. M. TIIACKERAY.
Author of "Vanity Fair," " The Snob Papers" in Punch, &c., &c.
With Illustrations on Steel and Wood by the Author.
London ; Bradbury and Evans, 11, Bouverie-street.

On the First of NoTember will be published, price 21. 6d., roan,
gilt edges
EJUNCH'S POCKET-BOOK, for 1849, with a
Coloured Frontispiece and other Illustrations by JOHN LEECH
and RICHARD DOYLE.
London : Punch Office, 85, Fleet street.

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OBSERVE!-FOR THE CONVENIENCE OF ALL CLASSES

OE PERSONS.
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CELIBACY.—Singleness is not always the con•
sequence of disinclination, disappointed affection, or a diffi-
culty in meeting with a lit helpmate. Thousands of the unmarried
would with joy embrace the sacred conditions of Matrimony, did
they feel themselves equal to its obligations ; and the chequered
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blighting consciousness, man has permitted the most ardent affec-
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that life of unmitigable anguish and fettered solitariness into which
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selfish desire of exclusively enjoying her society, by precluding her
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the chief of which is Impuissance, arising from four causes :—namely,
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Illustrated by 26 Anatomical Coloured Engravings on Steel.
3N PHYSICAL DISQUALICATIONS, GENERATIVE INCAPA-
CITY, &ND IMPEDIMENTS TO MARRIAGE.
Yew Edition, enlarged to 196 pages. Just published, price is. 6d., or
by post, direct from the Establishment, 3s. 6d. in postage stamps,
FEE SILENT FRIEND, a Medical Work on
the infirmities and decay of the generative system, from ex-
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with remarks on Marriage, End tke means of obviating certain dis-
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L. PERRY and CO., 19, Berners-stroet, Oxford-street, London.
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PART I. treats of the anatomy and physiology of the re-productive
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PART 11. treats of the consequences resulting from excessiveisidul-
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It is illustrated by Three Explanatory Engravings.
PART 111. treats of the diseases resulting from infection, either in
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PART IV. treats of the Prevention of Disease by a simple ap-
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PART Y. is devoted te the consideration of marriage, and its
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SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS.
FROM THE MORNING PAPERS OF THIS DAY.
TIMES.—In the course of last summer a com-
plaint arose against the Board of Trade for the fa-
vouritism displayed in the publications of its returns.
The point was this :—Merchants, business publishers,
parties connected with different journals, on making
application at the Parliamentary Paper-office for these
documents, were constantly informed that " they were
not out." This in itself would simply have exposed
the Board to a charge of dilatoriness, but when the
rejected applicants saw the returns which had beenlre-
fused to all other parties appearing constantly in the
columns of the Economist, they began to think a little
why this should be. Now, it so happened that
the Economist had been established and very
ably conducted for a certain number of years by
Mr. J. Wilson. This gentleman, observing a great
want of practical and accurate knowledge on mat-
ters of trade to exist in the Lower House, deter-
mined to give that assembly the benefit of his know-
ledge, his assiduity, and his theory of banking. He
was returned at the last election for the borough of
Westbury. On the expiration of a few months of
senatorial existence, arid after the delivery of a few
speeches well belarded with statistics, Mr. J. Wilson
took office under the Government, and became an
employe in this very department—the Board of
Trade. It was generally understood at the time that
Mr. Wilson, when he got his. place, had given up all
connexion with the Economist. The functions of
placeman and journalist are incompatible. Lord
Brougham has set us- right-upon that point, if any
doubt had existed about it before. The Eco-
nomist had passed into other hands. Mr. Wilson
might occasionally take a sentimental delight in re-
visiting the scenes of his former labours. Emotions
would naturally arise as he walked along the
Strand and beheld .the
.well-known picture of
Creneorne-gardens decorating the cunabula of his
future greatness. This was excusable—creditable
even to our imperfect nature. The repeated appli-
cants for the returns, however, have put all these
employe,
then havingthat
the
facts together. First, there is the point that Mr.
histhen
interest
in
the an
journal;
"s
Wilson was editor and proprietor of the Economist;
disposedretu ofs returns
from from the department to which Mr. Wilson now
belongs do, in some way or other, find their way
into the columns of the journal which
formerly be-
longed to Mr. Wilson, and that before they
can be
obtained by any other applicants. He is most unfor-
tunately placed, and great exertions should be made
by his friends to prevent the recurrence of so scan-
dalous a job. Let Mr. Wilson be never so innocent
and unconscious of the whole matter, he will be
voted the 'scapegoat by general consent, and the
responsibility will be fastened upon him. He is in
this respect a most unfortunate man. It is not,
of course, from any wish to rake up a forgotten
scandal that we recur to this subject. The discussion
upon it took place in July last, and it was then
generally understood that on the one side the question
should be dropped, and on the other the Economist
should no longer enjoy priority in the distribution of
the favours of the Board of Trade. Nothing more
has been said about the matter until Monday last,
when a letter appeared in the Times from " A Mer-
chant " complaining of a recurrence of the old abuse.
Our correspondent writes to us on Saturday the 14th,
and the substance of his complaint is that for three
mornings previous to that date he had applied at the
Parliamentary Paper-office for some returns which
should have been issued from the Board of Trade.
On the first two occasions he was simply informed
chat the papers were " not out." On Friday he
was told there was no chance of their publication
until Saturday morning; the same assertion was re-
newed on Friday evening. A business publisher in
the City, who made similaeapplications, was put off
with similar answers. On Saturday morning, how-
ever, these very returns appeared in the columns of
the Economist, together with an editorial article upon
the facts contained in them. That journal must
therefore have been furnished with the documents in
question at least in good time on Friday. Now, this
is a little bit of dirty jobbing that must be put an
end to at once. This is the second warning that has
been given to the parties concerned; it is dangerous
to provoke a third. The mistake must lie between
the employes of the Board 'of Trade and the Parlia-
mentary publishers, but the facts recited completely
exclude the latter hypothesis. It is to be observed
that during the continuance of the Parliamentary
session the agreement between the backers of
the Economist and the gentlemen who men-
tioned the fact was honourably kept. Now that the
screw of interrogating Ministers can no longer be
applied, that understanding is forgotten. This will be
found a false calculation. The matter is of too much
interest to the mercantile community to be allowed to
slip through. The necessity of putting a stop to so
unfair a practice can be urged on the Government,
and on the official chief of the Board of Trade, just as
well in recess as during session. If a grand scramble
is to take place between all the proprietors and pub-
lishers of London journals for prior information from
the Government boards, we should be glad to know
of the definite inauguration of the new system. In
the long run, it is clear the Economist cannot triumph
over the rivalry of the Exchange and the press. The
" Merchant" puts his case very well when he asks
" Whether the Board of Trade was established
chiefly for the mercantile community, or for the prior
advantage of this or of any other paper or party, is,
perhaps, under such circumstances, scarcely too harsh
a question:' It will be the interest of every one
connected with trade, except that of the persons im-
mediately implicated in this breach of good faith, to
turn upon the delinquents. Mr. Labouchere would
do well to investigate the affair in time.
POST.—An attempt is made by a mercantile
M.
con-
temporary !with reference to the late speech of
Thiers against improper paper credits, to revive the
old slang of the Bullionists, as if it were not the
nonsense which observation and experience prove it
to be. We are reminded by our contemporary of
Peel's " glory " when he propounded the question,
" What is a pound ?" That question has been well
answered more than once to the confusion of all the
theories of Peelery thereunto belonging. We are
told that he—whether Peel or Thiers does not clearly
that
appear—" pointit out with clearnessand with wit ,that
it was in fact impossible to add either to the property or
the currency of a nation by merely multiplying the
symbols of wealth." Now, this is partly a truism, and
partly a piece of palpable nonsense. Everybody knows
that the mere act of multiplying the symbols of wealth
does not multiply wealth. That is a truism. Bet to
say that multiplying the symbols of wealth is in no case
to add to the currency of a nation is plainly to say
that which is nonsense, and opposed to common expe-
rience. It is true that the symbols of wealth may be
multiplied, and then locked up in iron boxes, and
buried in stone vaults. In that case they do nothing
but fill boxes; but, on the other hand, they may
be, and they often are, added to the circulating
money of the country, and afford the utmost and
most salutary relief. On the 21st October, 1847,
there were symbols of wealth—paper symbols—re-
presenting several millions of pounds sterling, locked
up in the iron boxes of the bankers of Lombard-
street. These bankers would not part with them
because they did not see how they could, under
the then existing law, get a fresh supply from the
Bank of England. The country was much dis-
tressed for want of these " symbols ;" but the London
bankers nevertheless hold them fast. In the course
of the day, however, a letter came down to the Bank
of England from the Prime Minister authorising the
Bank to violate the law should the continued mone-
tary pressure render that step necessary. What was
the consequence? The London bankers, seeing that
then there was possibility of replacing their supply of
"symbols" by getting an additional quantity from the
Bank of England, no longer desired to hold them fast.
They let out the bank-notes. These "symbols," or a
part of them, were added to the circulation of the
country, and immediately the general distress and
mercantile agony were mitigated. We are not
stating opinions, but facts. No one can dispute the
truth of these historical circumstances. Here then is
a case within the recent experience of every one
where an increase of the symbols of wealth acted
most beneficially upon the interests of the country.
It is true that these symbols added nothing to the
actual material wealth of the country ; but without
doing that, they did immense good by promoting the
circulation of the wealth of the country. Moreover,
as men's engagements are not engagements to pay
so much material wealth, but so much of the
symbols of wealth, namely, monei, the addition of
these symbols adds to the power o meeting engage-
ments, which it is necessary to meet in order to
avoid disgrace and ruin. It is, therefore, mere non-
sense to treat the subject of an increase of currency
as if it could have no beneficial effect upon a nation.
We know the contrary by experience. We know
also, by experience, that a country may flourish
exceedingly though its paper currency be not con-
vertible into gold. All that is wanting to its efficacy
is that it be the true bona fide representative of pro-
perty, and that a given amount of symbols, issued say
to-day, will satisfy an engagement to pay that amount
at a future time. France may not be in a state, at
the present time, in which it is safe to enlarge a cur-
rency dependent for its usefulness upon public confi-
dence, but on this account to attempt to cast general
discredit on a symbolic currency is about as nonsensical
an exploit as any one could engage in.


- -
CHRONICLE.—The directors of the Scottish
Central Railway hsive, it appears had a great triumph.
The Duchess of Sutherland, hasterling from the High-
lands on a message the most pious and urgent, to
attend her dying father's bed, strives at Perth on a
Sunday morning, sees the train starting, carrying the
mail and more than one empty carriage, and is actu-
ally refused a place in the train—because it is the
Sabbath. Her Grace is obliged to take post-horses ;
and the consequence of the delay is, that she arrives
too late at her father's house to perform the sacred
duty on which she was speeding. There never was
more perfect case of triumph for klaworm than this.
Everything graces and completes its odium. It is not
mere barbarous tyranny ; but, besides, it is admirably
stupid and useless. It opposes, in the first place, a
good and pious action. It prolongs a lady a alarm
and wretchedness ; it does its best to make a death-
bed uneasy; and it answers no good conceivable end
of its own—but, by 'a happy consistency of blunder-
ing, defeats its own purpose of Sabbath-keeping.
For, though the lady does not go by the train, the
guards, stokers, and drivers must, and cannot by
possibility go to church, or keep the Sabbath, unless
they are psalm-singing round the engine; and it sets
the post-boys Sabbath-breaking between the High-
land capital and the Lowland, and so creates and
encourages the evil (if it is an evil) which it is meant
to repress. But is there no making Messrs. Mac Ta-
rtuffe and MacMawworm understand that there
are cases in which religion not only sanctions and
permits, but imperatively enjoins, travelling on the
Sabbath ? If health, family ties, or other urgent
necessity, require the presence of any individual at a
particular spot, on a particular day, that person is not
only justified in travelling, but would act unreason-
ably, unwisely, and irreligiously, in declining to
do so. Sandy MaePharssee ,does not refuse to
give his children porridge, or to wash his, face and
hands, or to have the water boiled to snake his toddy,
on the Lord's day. He would be a fool if he did.
Without doing any manner of work unnecessary,
Sandy can reconcile it to his conscience to go through
the above labours, and there are many thousands of
people in the world as good as himself, who have
need of similar license. Porridge is not more
necessary for Sandy's mealy-
mouthed children, than
fresh air for myriads of hard-working folks. A man
may piously 'enjoy the fresh air without making it
echo with psalms all day. He has as good a right to
walk abroad on the Sabbath as the sun has to shine;
and as Sandy, to go to church, or to walk in his kail-
yard, must go through the previous labour of put-
ting on his boots and his breeches (for we believe
that, at the present day, except at masquerades or at
Court, very few civilised persons go without panta-
loons), so does a man whose circumstances oblige him to
dwell in a city all tire week, take the benefit of a
railroad to transport him to a place where he may
gain health and repose. To Sandy, who balls out that
such a man is a Sabbath-breaker, we say it is you
who break the Sabbath. Who are you, you bigot,
that you dare to say to a poor man you shall not
breathe the fresh air—to a child, you shall not go to
your father—to a dying man, you shall not have
your children at your bedside, because it is the Sab-
bath-day ? Did Heaven make Sundays, and ordain
intervals of rest after labour, in order that you might
have the ordering of the day and of all mankind ?
Are you, you Scotch railway director, authorised to
block up the highway and everybody travelling on it,
and order them all to stop and hear you preaching
from a tub; Keep your convictions, and act upon
them ; but because you are an idiot, that is no reason
why we should obey you. Our belief is that, at the
present time, a body of directors has no more right
to stop railway travelling on Sunday, than it has to
barricade the Strand on that or any other day. The
power which they arrogate to themselves is absurd
and monstrous. They ought to be compelled to trans-
mit men as well as letter-bags on their lines; and
their order to shut up the railway on the Sabbath
should be no more listened to than an order from
Hanwell warning the birds not to sing, or a procla-
mation from Bedlam stating that henceforth the sun
would not shine upon Sundays.