The Sun.
London, England, 1846-09-14 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 14, 1846.

they have no hopo of making more than a fifth of the
quantity (and such letters were received on the 27th
instant), we are astounded by the intelligence, and na-
turally think such facts more important than the back-
wardness of the crop.
Apart from worms and backwardness, the crop does
not promise badly, looking better on the high and poor
than on the low and richer soils. It looks well on the
higher grounds of Carolina, Georgia, and the eastern
part of Alabama, but not well south and west of these
districts. If it was two or three weeks earlier we should
count upon 2,300,000 bales, but it is the most backward
crop since 1833, except that of 1843, as shown by the
receipts of new cotton ; on an average throughout the
country, we should say it is two, three, or, perhaps five
days more forward than in 1843, but full two weeks
later than the average of the other six years. Consider-
ing the wet weather here last week, we think the odds
are against its reaching 2,100,000 bales.
Taking in the last dates from the south, the export is
now close upon 1,093,000 bales to Great Britain, and
552,000 to other foreign ports, and the stocks are reduced
below their amount at this time two years ago. By the
next steamer, however, the full accounts of crop, export,
home consumption, &c., will be transmitted, so we will
not now enlarge upon these topics, though we could say
much upon New Orleans having fallen short of 1,050,000
bales after estimates of 1,290,000 reiterated for months,
and apparently justified by the actual product per acre
in Louisiana and Mississippi. That the cultivation of
cotton has ceased to extend as it did seven years ago,
and that a greater portion of the increased number of
slaves has been devoted to the production of sugar in
each of the last five years, are facts which we apprehend
will sooner or later be generally conceded—facts in com-
parison with which, worms and backwardness, floods
and droughts and even early frosts, sink into compara-
tive insignificance.
In regard to the lateness of the crop, we will only
particularise one fact—that the late receipts of new
cotton at New Orleans up to .the 22d inst. are not as
large as in the remarkably backward year, 1843.
The following are extracts from the papers.—
Trophies of I?esaca de la Pulnza.—The union publishes
the following extracts from two letters found among the
private baggage of Gen. Arista, which was captured at the
battle of the 9th May:—
Extracts from Tornel's directions for the plan of cam-
paign, dated city of Mexico, April 4, 1846, and addressed
to General Don Mariano Arista:—

mitted numerous robberies recently, for one of which he
had been arrested by a party of Mexicans, and broken
away when the man who brought in overhauled him.—
Matamoras Flag.
HEAD-QUARTER 3 ARMY OF OCCIIPA7ION.
MATAMORAS, Ang. 2, 1846.
_ _

Orders, No. 94.

No spirituous liquors will be permitted to enter the
river or the city of Matamoras, for the purpose of barter
or traffic on the account of any person whatever, whether
sutlers in the army or private dealers. Any liquors found
in violation of this order will be confiscated and sent to
the Quarter-master in New Orleans to be sold ; one
half of the proceeds for the benefit of the informant, the
other half to be applied to the hospital department.
The merchants in Matamoras will be permitted to
vend the liquors they may actually have on hand, but to
receive no new supplies.
The Commanding General issues this order under the
sanction of the General Government ; and calls upon all
officers to give their aid in executing its provisions. The
Quartermaster's Department and Colonel Clarke will
take the necessary measures to have it communicated to
the persons interested, particularly to the dealers in Mata-
mcras, and the masters of all public transports or other
vessels in the river. Any steam-boat captains or other
hired persons that are found violating it, will be at once
dismissed from the service.

By order of Major-General Taylor,
(Signed) W. W. BLISS,
Assistant Adjutant-General,
August 4, 1846.

EXTRACT.
Orders, No. 4.
1. The following extract of Orders from General
Taylor is published for general information and the
government of all concerned, via. :
" Most of the disorders in town have arisen from the
excessive use of liquor, and in addition to the provisions
of ' Order, No. 94,' on the subject, the General now di-
rects that, after the 15th inst., the sale of spirituous
liquors be absolutely prohibited in the town. The dealers
are allowed until that time to dispose of their stock, and
will not be allowed to continue the traffic after the day
mentioned."
2. The chief magistrate of the city of Matamoras and
all other municipal officers will, under his direction, en-
force the above orders upon the Mexican residents and
traders of Matamoras, and will issue orders accordingly.
The American traders and residents will conform to
these orders, and make their arrangements accordingly.
By order of Lieut.-Colonel Clarke.
JNO. M. BRANNAN,
2d Lieut. Ist Artillery Acting Adjutant.
MATAMORAS, AUG. 2.—Two or three Mexicans on
the road from this place to Burita, attempted to catch
two unarmed volunteers with the lasso, but failed through
the nimbleness of the pedestrians. They have brought
the use of the lasso to great perfection, and sometimes
throw with the precision of a rifle ball; had they been
successful in roping the Americans, they would, doubt-
less, have choked them to death.
AuG. s.—General Taylor left this morning about
daylight, on the steamer Whiteville, accompanied by
about 300 men.
The particulars of the fight with the Indians was
brought down here last night by the steamer Big Hat-
chee, but they are contradictory, and need confirmation.
A report says the Rangers overtook the Indians, killed
twenty, and lost two of their own men, but does not say
who remained masters of the field.
Colonel Clark has said that the order prohibiting the
sale of liquors after the 15th, has nothing to do with
wines, cordials, ale, &c. This will enable most of the

" MINISTRY OF WAR AND MARINE. SECTION OF
OPERATIONS.
M

" Ist. The supreme Government desires and orders
that Matamoras be protected at all hazards, and sus-
tained by your entire division—since it is very important
by its situation, by its resources, by the number of its
inhabitants, and by every sort of consideration, military,
moral, and political.
" 2d. Having in view that the American army, not
content with having occupied the department of Texas,
has invaded the territories of those of Tamaulipas and
Nuevo Leon, it must be treated as an enemy of the na-
tion, and attacked by every means which war permits,
and which will be suggested by your military skill and
knowledge of the ground which is now the theatre of
operations."
Extracts from a letter of President Paredes to General
Arista:—

" Private Secretariat of the President of the Republic, to
his Excellency the General of Division, Don Mariano
Arista.

" Mexico, April 16, 1846.
* * * *

" By the same post important orders will be com-
municated to you concerning military operations. Sup-
posing you already on the theatre of operations, and
with all the forces assembled, it is indispensable that
hostilities be commenced, yourself taking the initiative
against the enemy.
" The notification must necessarily be peremptory,
and immediately after all upon him, and don't cease
until he is annihilated. This deeply interests the honour
of the nation under existing circumstances. Our enemy
is overcome with fear, and there is no doubt that they
will all become our prisoners. Advance, thee, with the
cry of ' Live the republic !' and cover your brow with
imperishable laurels."

houses to remain open, and give them a chance of
smuggling out the black bottle. He also says that any
liquors that may be remaining on hand after the day of
grace, can be sent back to New Orleans, stored in
Matamoras, or sent into the interior by Mexicans, so
that no great loss will fall on any body. The people
trafficking out here have reason to thank the leniency
of Taylor and Clark on this subject. —New Orleans
Bee, 15th.

MIER. MEXICO, JULY 31, 1846.—Captain Vinton's
command entered this place this morning without the
least show of opposition, the inhabitants thronging to
the plaza as the troops filed into it and stacked their arms
_ _

in front of the hou;e of the alcalde. It seemed to me
as though there were men enough in the square to have
beaten us off with nothing else save the loose rocks
lying about; yet not a hand was raised.
Mier is by far the most pleasant, cleanly, and well-
regulated place we have yet seen in this part of Mexico.
It is built on a hill overlooking a clear running stream
of the same name, three miles from the Rio Grande,
and is said to contain 6,000 inhabitants, although I do
not know where they stow them all. You may well re-
member that it was in this place that the Texans under
Colonel Fisher were compelled to surrender, after they
had killed twice their own number of Mexicans. The
houses occupied by the Texans during the hattle were
pointed out, and still bear the marks of the desperate
conflict.

I have stated that the number of the inhabitants is
put down at 6,000 ; admitting that it is 4,000, it was
still entered and taken possession of by 93 men only,
85 regulars and 8 of M'Culloch's Rangers, acting as a
mounted guard. You could not serve any town in the
United States in that way, and this is a perfect for-
tification from its position and the strength of the
houses, which are of stone.

CAMARGO, AUGUST 2.—A few hours after we left
Mier yesterday, the Camanches killed and scalped the
alcalde within a few hundred yards of the outskirts of the
place. He was returning from his rancho in the neigh-
bourhood at the time, and was shot from a fence or
some other cover.

There is no mistake that a large force of Camanches
is on this side the Rio Grande, committing depredations
and murdering the inhabitants with impunity. Parties
of them have appeared at Guerrero, a city some thirty
miles above Mier, have stolen a great many horses and
mules, and have killed several of the principal citizens,
among them one of the town council. The authorities
of the place have sent in their submission to the officer
in command of the United States troops here, and would
doubtless be delighted to see an American force in the
plaza.

Camargo is now overrun with troops, the white
tents of the soldiers covering acres and acres. The
Rangers start out to-morrow on a scout in the direction
of Monterey, and bodies of regulars with army stores
will soon follow.

CAMARGO, AUG. 3, 1846.—1 have just seen a letter,
dated yesterday, at Reynosa, the writer of which calls
for a detachment of mounted men to guard a large drove
of pack mules to this place. He has reliable informa-
tion, so he says, that a gang of brigands has been
organised in the neighbourhood of Reynosa to cut up
any and every small party they may meet upon the
road, and further states that some of the principal men
of that place are engaged in this scheme of pillage and
murder.

Troops still continue to pour in ; several companies
have arrived since I wrote yesterday on the steamers
Roberts and Big Hatchee. General Worth has moved
the camp to high and dry ground on the San Juan, a
mile below Camargo, where the soldiers are far more
comfortable. How Napoleon used to dispose of his
tremendous armies is a mystery to me. Huddled as
close or closer than comfort will allow, even eight or ten
thousand men here take up a wilderness of space.
Capt. Gillespie's Rangers remain in camp here, while
M'Culloch's are off this morning, in the direction, it is
supposed, of Monterey, scouring the country as far at
least as China, and possibly farther. Reports that large
parties of armed men have been seen in that direction,
among other companies than that of Segum, have reached
this place. The Rangers will find them if they are to
be found.

We have no further accounts of the ravages of the
Camanches in the neighbourhood of Mier or Guerrero.
P.S. An express has just come in from Mier. The
rider contradicts the report that the alcalde had been
killed, but says there were a good many Indians lurking
about.—New Orleans Picayune, 15th.
CAMARGO, MEXICO, JULY 21.—1 t was for a long time
a favourite scheme of Arista's to bring about a union
between Texas and the states of the lower Rio Grande.
The people of Nueva Leon, Coahuila, and Tamaulipas,
ground down by the taxes imposed upon them by the
Central Government, and not receiving either benefit or
protection therefrom, have always been ripe for revolt ;
and perhaps the only reason why they have not before
this raised the grito of revolution has been because they
had not the means within themselves to cope successfully
with the Centralist forces, couPled with the fact that they
have never had a leader on whom theycoulddepend. Ca-
pales, when in 1839 he pronounced in favour of the consti-
tution of 1824, and crossed the Rio Grande with Jor-
dan's men, might have succeeded in everything he under-
took had he been honest, or had a brother-in-law of his,
Colonel Mulana, been faithful to the cause ; but it is a
well-known fact that immediately after Jordan had won
a great victory near Saltillo, and the Federalists were
everywhere in the ascendant, that the money of the
Central Government effected what its arms could not.
The brave Jordan was sold, although he succeeded in
getting safely out of the country, while the exertions of
Fisher, Wells, Ross, and other American officers, in
favour of federalism, all went for nothing. A good
round sum was the price of the treachery of the Mexican
leaders, and Canales, either directly or indirectly, doubt-
less came in for a full share. I cannot learn that Car-
vsjal (usually, but erroneously spelt Carrabajal), who
wag educated in the United States, and speaks and writes
English well, had any hand in the bargain or sale.
With all this corruption Arista had nothing to do.
He was a Central leader at the time, and it was not
until the annexation of Texas to the United States came
to be seriously agitated that he began to entertain hopes
of overturning the Central Power in the departments
this side the Sierra Madre, and by a union with Texas
forming a strong middle Republic. Without the co-
operation of the then Lone Star Republic he could do
nothing, and to effect this he opened a correspondence
with several influential men at Corpus Christi and other
points. Even if he effected his object of bringing about
the union, he had the sagacity to foresee and foretel
that in a very few years the Anglo-Saxons would have
a preponderence in the new Republic that would take
from him his influence and authority ; yet this he was
willing to overlook, as he said, for the good of his coun
trymen. There are no men in the world who have the
welfare of the people so much at heart as the Mexican
leaders, although they all have a most singular way of
showing it.

The 'Anal annexation of Texas to the United States
completely frustrated Arista's plans, upset his hopes,
and in a great measure embittered him against the
Americans, from whom he had expected so much as
sistance ; yet not so with Carvajal, Canales, and some
of the other Mexican revolutionary leaders. These
latter still hoped that the appearance of the American
army at Corpus Christi might be turned to their advan-
tage in some, and with these hopes a correspondencewas opened with some of the officers stationed there,
and the camp was also visited by one of the master
spirits, Carvajal. The full nature of the communica-
tions he made I am not acquainted with, but that he in
some way expected aid in the scheme of separating the

I -
departments this side the Sierra Madre from the Cen-
tral Government there is not a question. To patch out
the new Republic it is probable that he was desirous of
holding all the country this side the Nucces, and was
equally desirous that the American force should not ad-
vance a step farther in the direction of th e Rio Grande.
He knew too that the Government of Mexico would op•
pose, to the utmost of its abilities, the pi-ogress of the
American arms, would throw a large force into Mats-
mores, and that thus the expectations of the revolu-
tionists, of a speedy release from central bondage, would
be retarded or completely frustrated.
Whatever Carvajal might have thought, or whatever
he might have advised, General Taylor was ordered to
take up ground opposite Matamoras, and marched his
army from Corpus Christi with that intention. When
Canales and Carvajal saw the immense preparation made
to oppose him, and saw that Arista had taken the com-
mand against the Americans, they, too, joined the army
with a large body of rancheros. They could not well
do otherwise, with all their talk of a separation from the
Central power and theirgreat hatred of Central tyranny,
fur the success of the Mexican army was looked upon as
certain; and where would they have been with the
American prisoners in Matamoras and they standing
aloof and taking no hand in the matter? The result of
the grand battles of Palo Alto and Resaca de la Palma,
the occupation of Matamoras by General Taylor, the
flight of Arista with the remnant of his army, and the
dispersing the rancheros, are matters well known, and
it now remains to be seen what scheme, if any, the re-
volutionary leaders will next hit upon.
Carvajal is very sore upon the subject of the defeat of
all his hopes, and blames the American Government for
treating his propositions with silent contempt. His
family is now in this place, but he himself, although
within a few hours' ride, does not feel disposed, either
from fear of personal harm or a desire not to commit
himself with his countrymen, to come in. Whatever
may be his motives or designs, he has the reputation
with the Americans as well as the Mexicans of being a
brave and intelligent man, and more honest even than
many of his neighbours. I might give you the rumours
of the whereabouts of Canales, of Seguin, of Antonia
Perex' and of some of the other partisan officers, but it
would all amount to mere speculation.
Gillespie's company has just come in from Mier. The
Captain reports that Canales left that place a short time
previous to his arrival. He had but a small force, and
went off, as was supposed, in the directior. of Monterey.
I do not believe he is far off, Antonio Perez went through
Loredo a few days since with a large cavallada of horses
and mules.—New Orleans Picayune, 11th. .
FROM THE SEAT OF WAR.—We find. the following
letter in the National Intelligencer, which paper copies
from the Baltimore Argus, to whom it was furnished by
an officer of the army, who endorses its contents. It
places a very different aspect upon the affairs on the Rio
Grande, and advances statements as to the Mexican
force which we think are much exaggerated. The last
arrival from Mexico direct brought information that
Paredes was expected to concentrate 10,000 men at St.
Luis Potosi, but even that was exceedingly doubtful,
from the very fact that great boast was made of having
raised, armed, and equipped two brigades of troops at
Mexico, consisting of 1,200 men:—
" Camargo (Mexico), July 31, 1846.
" Information that I rely upon is, that General Mejia,
with the remnant of Arista's army, 4,000 strong, is at
Cadereita, a town thirty miles east of Monterey. This
town has a garrison of near 1,000 men (regulars), a po-
pulation of 15,000. General Paredes was at San Luis
de Potosi on the 15th instant, on his way to Monterey,
with 8,000 regular troops ; he has also called on Nueva
Leon for 8,000 active militia ; from this department of
Tamaulipas he expects 3,000 more ; making his entire
force, when he reaches Monterey on the 15th or 20th
proximo, near 25,000 men_ General Taylor is straining
every nerve to get there before him, but cannot now
possibly do so until the sth or 10th September ; so Pa-
redes has the advantage of numbers, and of naturally a
strong rocky position. Paredes will have forty pieces of
cannon—we will have about twenty-four; and you may
expect (as our army will not be over 10,000) to hear of
the most obstinate fight and bloodiest doings ever done
up in America or in the world about the 15th of Sep-
tember. With us it will be neck or nothing—the former,
something to eat and houses to live in, perhaps peace ;
the latter, death and a continuation of the war. Such is
our prospect."
FROM THE HOME SQUADRON.—Letters from Commo-
dore Conner, of as late date as the 30th July, have been
received at the Navy Department. The crews of the
different ships of the squadron continue healthy, with
the exception of a case or two of scurvy. The Porpoise
arrived at Vera Cruz on the 18th July. The Peterel
reached that port on the 21st, after a passage of 28 days
from New York; and the Bonito arrived on the 28th.

On the morning of the 25th, before daylight, Midship-
man Wingate Pilsbury, of Maine, and Michael Flinn,
seaman, both of the steamer Mississippi, were drowned
by the upsetting of the launch of that vessel. Neither
of the bodies has been recovered.

A town in the neighbourhood of Jalapa had pro-
nounced against the Government of Paredes, and in fa-
vour of Santa Anna and Federalism. One of the chiefs
was the Secretary of Legation to Almonte, when Minis.
ter to France. The principal chief, Jose Arrillago, is a
particular friend of Santa Anna, and said to be a man
of energy and ability. At first the movement was con-
sidered of little importance; but it has since increased
in consequence, and from present appearances there is
reason to believe it will become general throughout the
department of Vera Cruz.
Intelligence had also been received ut Vera Cruz as
late as the 21st from Mexico, of some importance. The
Government troops sent to quell the insurrection in Ja-
lisco have been totally defeated at Guadalajara by the
pronunciados, and their commander (General Arevallo)
killed. The departments of Queretaro and Zacetecas
have pronounced against the Government, but not, as is
supposed, in connexion with Santa Anna.
Except with a portion of the army, it is said that this
gentleman is not popular in the country. The Fede-
ralists have no confidante in his present professions; and
without their aid, it is believed, he could not sustain
himself at the head of the Government for any length of
time, even if his friends could succeed in having him
recalled.

It is difficult to conjecture what effect these events
may have on our relations with Mexico. Should they
lead to a change of Government—which is not impro-
bable—the party coming into power will likely offer
proposals of peace, as we learn from a source deserving
of credit, that such is the desire of many of the most
influential men in Mexico. A close blockade of the
coast, however, and a vigorous prosecution of the
war, seem the most obvious means of bringing them
to terms.

On the 21st of July Congress passed a law granting
commissions to privateers. Alvarado, Zecoluta, Zas-
pam, and Sote La Marina have been declared ports of
entry. These ports will be included among those al-
ready blockaded.
General Bravo declined acting as President of the re-
public on his arrival at Mexico. Congress, however,
refused his resignation, and he has since accepted the
appointment. General Paredes was to have left Mexico
on the 27th for the northern frontier. It is generally
supposed he will not take that direction. It is said that
some regiments, amounting in all to fourteen hundred
men, have marched from the city. It is believed that
they were intended to reinforce General Arevallo at
Guadalajara.

A letter from Buenos Ayres announces the de-
parture of Mr. Graham, United States Consul, and a
son of Mr. Brent, the Charg4 d'Affaires for Corrientes
and Paraguay.
An excursion was recently made into the department
of the north, to chastise the predatory Indians. The
result was that upwards of 60 fighting Indians, including
two Caciques, have been killed, and 5 taken prisoners ;
900 sheep, 209 head of cattle, 160 mares, and 470 horses,
as also large deposits of Indian corn, pumpkins, and
other provisions, falling, besides, into the hands of the
victors.
BUENOS_ AYRES, JUNE 20.—According to news from
Entrerios, the Correntino Envoy to Paraguay has been
successful in his mission, President Lopez having agreed
to cancel all the treaties that had been formed between
the two provinces, in prejudice to the Confederation.
The Paraguay army had withdrawn to its own territory.
The sloop Fortuna, of the convoy from Corrientos,
got aground and bilged on the 14th inst., between Co-
lonias and Las Paris.
The British barque burnt up the Parana was the
Caledonia. She had 17,000 hides on beard.
FROM MONTE VlDEO.—Captain Scott, of the barque
Mason Barney, from Monte Video, which place he left on
the 3d of July, informs us, that about a week previous to
his sailing the British had embarked a part of the 45th
regiment that was at that place, for the Cape of Good
Hope, leaving behind the 73d regiment. The U. S. ship
Plymouth was lying at Monte Video—the boats of which
ship were kindly sent to the assistance of Captain Scott,
to enable him to get out of the harbour. The U. S.
brig Bainbridge sailed on the 23d of June for Buenos
Ayres, having on board Mr. Harris, the U. S. Chargé
d'Affaires.
VERA CRUZ.—The Boston Journal furnishes the fol-
lowing translation of the declaration made by the garri-
son of Vera Cruz against the Mexican Government and
in favour of Santa Anna :
At a meeting of the General-in-Chief and officers of
the Bth Regiment quartered in the heroic city of Vera
Cruz, to take into consideration the calamitous state to
which the Republic has arrived, and to seek the
most immediate remedy to place it in a career of pros-
perity, &c.,
It was resolved to adopt the plan of the 20th of May,
pronounced by the military garrison at Guadalaxara,
with the following amendments:-
1. All those who may have been banished for politi-
cal opinions since the year 1821, are invited to return to
the Republic and co-operate in the present movement.
2. By this the circumstances of the war with the
United States are to be considered as in nowise changed;
but it is for the Congress which will assemble to deter-
mine relative thereto, and for the Mexicans to obey their
resolutions.

3. A general invitation is proffered to all those in this
department who may have taken up arms against the
existing order of government, to unite in this plan,
which has for its object the public weal alone.
4. As his Excellency General Antonio Lopez Santa
Anna had the glory to establish the republic, whatever
may have been his errors, he was a firm supporter of
public liberty and national honour—for this we proclaim
him leader of this great enterprise.
Signed by the officers generally,
FROM RIO DE JANElRO.—Captain Williams, of the
barque Brazilerio, at this port from Rio de Janeiro,
whence she sailed July 16, reports that the arrival of
the barque Amelia Mulholland, with the news of the war
with Mexico, created great sensation; freights for Ame-
rican vessels are almost impossible to be obtained. Com-
mander Rosseau, of the Columbia, expecting the corvette
Plymouth and the brig Bainbridge, from the river,
daily, has notified American ship-masters that they will
convoy any vessels home that may put themselves under
their protection.
American credits are in disrepute and cannot be
passed, except at considerable advance.
The Brazilian Government are sending troops in some
numbers to the province of Rio Grande, it is supposed
in consequence of anticipated trouble with Buenos Ayres.
From the river there is no news of any particular mo-
ment.

NEW YORK MONEY MARKET, AUG. 31.
MONEY AND COMMERCIAL NEWS.
SALES AT STOCK EXCHANGE.
2,560 Ohio 6's, '6O
3,000 U. S. 6's, '62
1,000 111. Specials 33
5,000 Penna s's s 3 66
150 Shs. D. and H. scp. b 4 d 144
15 Do. State Bk
100 Do. Far Tr b3O 24,
100 Do. Morris C 9
5 Do. Mohawk 5l
25 Do. Erie RR. scrip
300 Do. Long Isl.
100 Do. Harlem R blO 6 1
250 Do. Nor. and W.
200 Do. Rd'g RR. blo 664
PUBLIC STOCK EXCHANGE.
50 Shs. Far. Loan b3 24i
25 Do. Morris Canal 64
250 Do. Harlem RR.,
50 Shs. Harlem R. b 3 553
25 Do. Nor. and Wor • 44t
DIVIDENDS.—The Franklin Bank of Cincinnati has
declared its fourteenth dividend of 5 per cent., payable
to stockholders in this city at the Bank of America on
the Ist September.
The Bank of Missouri has declared a dividend of 3i
per cent.
The Plicenix Bank of Hartford, Conn., has declared a
semi-annual dividend of 4 per cent., payable on and after
the 3d September.

" United States ship Cumberland,
" Off Vera Cruz, July 30, 1846.
" Sir,—Shortly after closing my letter of the 28th
nstant, the Cumberland, Potomac, and two of the
schooners, sailed from Green Island for the purpose
of attacking the enemy's vessels in the river of Al-
varado. In passing through the channel leading
to the roads of Antonio Lizardo, I regret to inform you
this ship, owing to a strong current, ran on the
❑orth-west part of a coral reef, called the Chopas, in
three fathoms water. This was about half-past four
o'clock in the afternoon of the 28th. After great exer-
tions, and lightening her more than a foot by pumping
off the water, removing the provisions and shot to the
other vessels, and depositing most of the spar deck guns
on a shoal part of the reef near the vessel (whence they
can be easily removed), with the assistance of the
Mississippi, she was finally extricated from her perilous
position at about eight o'clock, P.M., on the 29th, after
grinding in the coral reef for upwards of twenty-seven
hours.

" With the exception of her false keel, of which small
crushed fragments rose to the surface of the water
alongside, the ship does not appear to have sustained any
material injury, as she makes no more water than usual.
It is reasonable to infer, however, that much of the cop-
per on the bottom has been rubbed off.

" It affords me great satisfaction to add that the offi-
cers and men of the Cumberland performed their inces-
sant labour with untiring zeal and assiduity ; and my
acknowledgments are due to Captain Fitzhugh, his
officers and men, for the very efficient aid rendered by
the Mississippi, whose services were of the greatest im-
portance ; and to Lieutenant Le Roy and the men of the
Potomac, who shared our labours. I am, very respect-
fully, your obedient servant,

" D. CONNER,
" Commanding Home Squadron.
" Hon. George Bancroft, Secretary of the Navy."
•Union.

FROM MEXICO.—The New Orleans papers of the 18th,
are filled with the Mexican intelligence which reached
this city several days since from Mexico. We annex
the following paragraphs which contain information of
interest and importaace:—
The Bills before Congress which we published some
weeks since—one conferring on the Government the
control over the revenues for the purposes of the war,
and the other declaring the existence of war, and that
Mexico will repel it—were passed by Congress in nearly
the same form in which they were originally reported.
Congress had passed another law to which great im-
General Paredes
not argsieveinngthe law itself, but
s and procure the
pt
the
tuannlciemwi
tae was
p attached,ower tocaopnpfeorirnitn go
officers
the preference to
ttiheocesessoarfyAineaxtiecroi.alslfvore thhaeven
have a second-hand notice of it, which is not very de
finite.

Paredes had determined to release all prisoners con-
fined for political offences.
The news received in the city of Mexico from the
frontier was such as to drive the Government almost to
despair. On the 27th July a courier 9.rrived, announcing
the departure of eight thousand American troops from
Camargo for Monterey. General Armijo, about the
same time, sent word that six thousand Americans had
come down upon New Mexico. And to crown the whole,
a dispatch was received from the British Minister at
Washington, which quenched every hope of receiving
aid from England.
General Mejia, who bad taken the command of the
army which followed Arista to Linares, had established
his head-quarters at Monterey. General Paredes was to
direct his march thither, for which purpose he was to
leave the city of Mexico on the 31st of July, making a
detour, however, to look after the city of Gaudalajara.
The last brigade composing the division to be under the
President's command left the capital on the nth of July.

It was 2,000 strong, and had several pieces of artillery.t A PROPT"
This brigade, like those which left the capital before tor,
' was perfectly equipped. All these troops, with two.t to
three thousand expected from Guadalajara, tun ed .‘
those under Mejia, it was thought would give Paredes a.
force at Monterey of from 12,000 to 15,000. men.lic
tHr i,
long delay in the capital is attributed to his-9133 i
that his army should be equipped and provided
particular.
In the city of Mexico there were, at last e
1,200 troops, and there was some intenttoei of
volunteer force. . :ccounts, butd AECY FOR THE GREAT
ST. LEGER, 1846.
(FROM A CORRESPONDENT.)
As the time fast approaches when the great sporting
event of the year is to be decided, I hasten to commit a
e few remarks to paper anent the principle favourites, and
every endeavour to point out the probable winner.
raising a
FROM MONTE VIDEO.—We received yesterday,
the barque Mason Barney, Captain Scott, Buenos Ayres
papers to July Ist. The papers of June 13 give details
of the engagement between the Parana expedition and t. lago is a prominent favourite in Scott's lot, and one of
the speedieet horses of the year; he ran well up for the
Champagne last year, being his first appearance in
by public: he wor: two races in a canter in the Newmarket
Sprieig Meetings of this year, beating some fairish nags,
and ran Pyrrhus the First (subsequently the winner of
the forts thrown up to oppose the progress of the boats. ,tie Derby) to a neck for the Newmarket Stakes. lago,
The convoy is said to have consisted of 95 merchant- rode by Frank Butler, started for the Derby, looking
men, with twelve ships of war, mounting in all eighty- and going beautifully; he showed in front till he reached
five guns. The opposing force, besides three pieces of Tattenham-corner, where he resigned the contest and
artillery on an island in front of the position, consisted of seventeen pieces of flying artillery and 50Q infantry. came in eighth or ninth. At Ascot he won the Welcome
The account proceeds :
Stakes, berating easily St. Demetri, that fast mare
"The enemy commenced a tremendous fire upon our Burlesque, and several others. At Goodwood, carrying
positions, with the view of protecting the convoy. We 61bs. extra, he returned it in a spirited manner, not losing sig ter, beating a fairish field. At York he ran
scrape.
ht ofwon the Racing Stakes in a can_
the merchantmen, whose cupidity had led them into the a severe race for the Yorkshire Stakes with
"At half-past meridian, a British barque, of about 250 Poynton, and was beat by a head in spite of Butler's
tons burden (supposed-to be the Holywood or the Cale- finest riding ; he, however, defeated a large field.
donia), and three schooners, one of them pilot-boat
These performances are of the vey first class. A cele-
rigged, under Correntino colours, in their endeavour to braced sporting writer for a morning paper is of
avoid our fire, got aground on a bank near an island on opinion that stoutness, not speed, is lago's forte. Now,
the opposite coast. Five of the enemy's largest steamers with due submission to that gentleman's excellent judg-
proceeded to their assistance, but finding our fire too ment, I beg to differ entirely from him, because lago
ran Pyrrhus to a neck over the ditch mile at New-
hot for them, they relinquished the undertaking, and
market, yet was beat lengths by the same horse over the
fled at full speed. Subsequently the Lizard was sent on
the same errand, but had it not been for the timely aid Derby course. For this and other reasons that might be
adduced, I maint - that speed is lago's best quality ;
of two large steamers which returned to protect her, she
would inevitably have been destroyed. and I doubt whether his powers of endurance will be
"At two r.m. the firing entirely ceased, the enemy
found equal to a true run race from end to end, such as
having set fire to and abandoned the vessels aground.
the Leger generally proves. When, in addition to this,
The latter were soon consumed, with the exception I see that Brocardo is in the same stable—that he has
of the pilot boat rigged schooner, laden with hides, already defeated lago in public under disadvantageous -cir-
cumstances, and that he is evidently Scott's Leger horse,
yerba, and tobacco, which was rescued from the flames
by four boats dispatched by us from the shore. The I firmly believe that lago, though a veryspeeely and a very
g
greater part of the merchantmen threw their deck good horse, will not win this important race, or
loads overboard, in order to avoid grounding, and even get a place for it.
we could see tercios of yerba and petacoes of to-
Joinville is, or rather was, a horse that would have run
baeco consigned to the water, intermingled with the
respectably, had he been started; but his break down at
bodies of the killed. I believe 32 of the latter have been Goodwood has put him entirely hors de combat.
counted. Both the vessels of war and merchantmen The Free Lance ran well at two years old, winning
were completely riddled with our shot. It will take the Chesterfield Stakes at Newmarket. Amongst other
them some time to repair before they can proceed on things this year, he has defeated Joy, the conqueror of
their voyage. Our 17 pieces have fired 1,360 shots, Sting at Newmarket, and Joinville (who was a good
grape and round, and our infantry 20,000. The enemy fourth for the Derby, and won the Drawing-room Stakes
must have fired at least 2,500 shots and 200 congreve at Goodwood) at Ascot. This last performance raised
rockets. The only casualties we have to lament are him many points in my estimation. He is a fine looking
one infantry soldier killed, Lieutenant-Colonel Thorne animal, and if bestridden by Nat, his chance is far from
and four soldiers wounded, the former slightly in the despicable. He has been gradually rising in the betting,
left shoulder." and will be a better favourite yet before the - I

race.
know no one who so well deserves to win another
St. Leger as his noble and spirited owner, but I fear no
such luck awaits him this year.
Fancy Boy's merits have been the theme of considerable
discussion. I will proceed therefore to examine the grounds
upon which such hopes rested in so many quarters pre-
vious to the Derby, and are now rapidly reviving.
Fancy Boy ran respectably at two years old in the
early part of the season, but those performances were in
some measure neutralised by his easy defeat at Doncas-
ter by Vanish, who, on the other hand, was beat in a
canter by Grimston this year at Newcastle. As the
mare is now in John Scott's stable, he ought to have
the measure of both the other nags. Fancy Boy made
his first appearance this year at Chester for the St.
Leger, and, after a severe struggle with Dolo, won by a
neck; agood performance, but, in my opinion, by no means
sufficient to justify his elevation to the premiership
in the Derby betting. I stated at the time my impres-
sion that Fancy Boy would run well, but could not win;
and I firmly believe Grimston was the better of the
two even at Epsom. Fancy Boy since then started at
Newcastle for the North Derby Stakes, fell twice, in
consequence of the state of the ground, and was, of
course, beaten 100 yards. His admirers insisted strongly
on the manner in which he made up his lost ground
after his first fall. He did so, certainly ; for Marson
was too good a jockey not to seize the opportunity of
easing Dolo, while his opponent was running himself to
a standstill in his fruitless attempt to catch him. Fancy
Boy is no doubt a good horse, and has certainly been
unlucky ; but ho never can, and never will win the
" Sellinger."
Cranebrook, an excellent two-year-old performer, ran
Fancy Boy to a head at Richmond last year. He has
been beat several times this year, and may, therefore,
have run himself into condition. Though he is reported
dangerous, he has but an outside chance ; and I cannot
persuade myself that he will even be near winning.
Grimston's performances in public are decidedly the
best of his year. At two years old he ran badly, but
rapidly improved during the winter, as appeared in his
race for the Derby, for which he was a good fifth, and
would have been more forward had Lye not waited on
Fancy Boy till the last moment. Grimston won the
Grand Stand Plate next day, beating a large field easily.
From Epsom he went to Ascot, where he won the Gold
Vase in a canter, beating a good field, including the
Chester Cup winner, who was second. At Newcastle,
for the Gateshead, he cut down Quadruped, Tom
Tulloch, Vanish, and another with ease, and was
then sold to Mr. O'Brien for 1,500 sovereigns ; and
finally at 7st. 41bs., a high weight for a three year old,
he won the Goodwood cup with the most perfect ease.
In fact, no horse out this season has achieved such
triumphs. But these very achievements give rise to a

serious question whether he be not stale from the
number of preparations he has been compelled to un-
dergo for his different engagements. Perhaps so,
though he has won all his races with such ridiculous
ease that but little has been taken out of him. In fact,
so good do I consider him, that if he comes to the post
as the representative of Dawson's stable, which even now
would not surprise me, I would take small odds that he
is one of the first three.
Sotades may run, as Dolo apirars to be much amiss,
and unlikely to show. This is unfortunate for his
noble owner, for Dolo has always run well, and would
certainly have cut a good figure. The notion propa-
gated by a few would-be knowing ones that Silvius is
likely to (Blue) Bonnet us must, I suspect, have origi-
nated in the fertile imagination of some victim who has
drawn him in a lottery.
Sting was indisputably the best two-year old out last
season. He was considerably off when ho ran for the
Derby ; though reported to be dwindling away, it is my
belief that he is considerably improved since his arrival
at Newmarket, and may yet have a stinger left for his
enemies. Barring casualties, he is certain to start.
Pyrrhus the First, of Derby fame. I cannot help re-
gretting that he has not had the opportunity afforded
him of attempting to break the spell which has hitherto
prevented the Epsom winner from carrying off the great
northern event. With the prestige of victory accompa-
nying him, meeting for the chief part vanquished oppo-
nents, and enjoying advantages in the shape of owner,
trainer, and jockey, which have never before fallen to
the lot of Derby horse, what save foul play could have
prevented his winning? Besides, let it be remembered,
the Days are the only men who ever won the St. Leger
with south-country horses, viz., with Elis and Mango.
Tom Tulloch was much fancied in the spring. He
was beat by Sir Tatton for the 2,000 Guineas, but ran
well up, proving himself beyond doubt a speedy horse.
His backers supported him warmly, notwithstanding, for
the Derby in which, though rode by Nat, he made a
poor show; since then he has been beaten easily at New-
castle by Grimstone. The stable possesses two such very
superior
nags, that I should have considered Tom's
starting as very doubtful, had he not been backed
within a few days in such a manner as to justify a con-
trary opinion.
Vanish was, probably next to Sting, the best two-
year-old of the year, on the strength of which she
was made a rattling favourite for the Oaks, which she
did not win. She subsequently beat Malcolm at New-
castle, where the compliment was returned her by
Grimaton, her then stable-companion. Was this the
reason Sir Charles Monck removed his horses from
Dawson's? If so, it is a pity he placed them in Scott's
hands, at least the mare in question, as I fear her
chance for the race will be lost sight of, in that monster
stable.
The colt by Touchstone, out of sister to Joanna, has
recently come into the betting. Ile was formerly trained
in Ireland, but is now at Scott's ; he is dark, and un-
likely to start.
Jonathan Wild's best performance was winning the
Goodwood Stakes, but the Hero, of the same age, gave
him 141bs. and was defeated by a neck only. Jonathan
has since run at Warwick, and was a good second to
Wolf-dog, for the Queen's Plate, which he probably
would have won had he run straight. This was a cre-
ditable performance, proving him to be a good four-mile
horse, a rare thing in these days. He received, how-
ever, on this occasion likewise, more weight than the
difference in age warranted.
The Traverser, a short time since, was first favourite
on the strength of favourable private; trials, the most
uncertain of tests. At two years old, he showed great
speed. He ran for the Derby though amiss, because he
was heavily backed, and was, of course, nowhere. He
won the Wokingham (three-quarters of a mile) in a
canter. If the report spread of The Traverser's being
the best of Dawson's lot were true, I should consider
him much to be feared, but I make it a rule never to
believe anything emanating from a stable containing
two or more favourites, and must therefore be allowed
to entertain a very different opinion of his capabilities.
I consider that speed, not bottom, is his forte, and so far
from winning, I should be surprised to see him in the
front rank at the finish.
Erin-go-bragh has been much cried up of late to the
prejudice of Sir Tatton. He is dark, it is true, but it
would be without a precedent almost for one man to
possess two such animals as Sir Tatton of the same
year. I look upon the wondrous tales told about him as
moonshine, and should be surprised to see him start.
Sir Tatton Sykes, the pride of the Yorkshiremen,
stands next. A glance at his performances will show
the strong grounds there are for public confidence. Sir
Tatton started for the first time for the 2,000 guineas,
which he won cleverly—Tom Tulloch second. I con-
sider this a good performance, but by no means a crke-
rion for the St. Leger, or even for the Derby, as Sir
Tatton beat the same horse several lengths for the
latter race when he made his next appearance. It will
be recollected that he was beat by Pyrrhus by a neck,
owing, as it was said, to IV. Scott's temporary want of
judgment, or rather ofdiscretion. Now my humble opinion
is, not that Sir Tatton's stoutness failed him in the severe
struggle which took place, but that he succumbed to
Pyrrhus as the stouter of the two. This opinion may
appear bold, and certainly rather singular, but the pedi-
grees of the horses would seem almost to bear out my
assertion. Pyrrhus being got by Epirus (the winner of
many races at long distances and high weights), out of
Fortress, the dam of Old England—perhaps the gamest
horse in the world—and, to go farther back, descended
from the famous Camerton ; Sir Tatton, on the other
hand, is got by Melbourne, more famed for speed than