The Sun.
London, England, 1846-01-07 00:00:00

TO THE RIGHT HON. LORD VISCOUNT 31ORPETH.

" Lord,—We. the delegates of the Short Time
Committees deputed from all the large manufacturing
towns of the West Riding, beg leave moat respectfully to
state to your Lordship that the existing Act of Parlia-
ment allows the working of young persons in factories
for 12 hours a day on five days of the week, and nine
hours on Saturdays.
" That these hours of labour it factories are most op-
pressive, arid that the shortening thereof is absolntely
essential to the well-being of the crowded population in
the factory districts.

" That the large proportion of females and young
persons employed in factories renders it the more neces-
sary to lessen this unreasonable length of toil, and that
the bout s of working should be from six o'clock in the
morning to six o'clock in the evening, allowing proper
intervals for meals.

" That a majority of the House of Commons, includ-
ing most of the leading members of all parties, did in
the session before last give their support to Lord
Ashley's measure of ten hours working per day, but in
consequence of the oppositiJn of the Government to this
just and necessary limitation their decision was subse-
quently reversed. That the factory system requires this
term of daily labour to be enacted for the purpose of
giving to the working classes and their families the
means of obtaining social comfort, with moral and reli-
gious improvement. Teat this great question can never
be settled until the claims of justice and humanity are
conceded by a legislative prohibition of the destructive
toil which many hundreds of persons are now doomed
to suffer in factories, inflicting upon these unoffending
individuals two hours longer labour per day than is re-
quired from adults who perform their daily labour at
other trades out of factories.

" Your memorialists, therefore, most earnestly en-
treat your Lordship's sympathy for their oppressed con-
dition, and in the event of your Lordship king again
called to take your seat in the House of Commons as
the representative of the West Riding, that you will
gratify the expectations entertained from your Lord-
ship's benevolent character, by giving your influence
and support to the Bill which will be introduced by Lord
Ashley, for the restriction of factory labour to ten hours
a day for five days, and eight hours on Saturdays."
LORD MORPETH'S REPLY.

" Castle Howard, Jan. 3, 1846.

" Gentlemen,—l have been favoured with the memo-
rial of the Delegates of the Short Time Committees of
the West Riding of Yorkshire.
" I willingly promise to them the sympathy they
conditionon in in life.rva l
o flf
re-
quest with so much propriety and forbearance of lan-
guage, for the whole body which they represent, and for
ajbsennoce": from
m-enitts deerPliabrelriaamtioennst:
after their
the
lgte
and without having had the many important questions
connected with factory labour specially brought under
my notice, I must reserve to myself entire freedom to
deal with the propositions which may be submitted for
adoption ; but I shall bring to their consideration a keen
feeling for the wants and wishes of the working-classes,
and a resolute determination to do my whole duty
towards them.

" I have the honour to be, Gentlemen,
" Your most faithful servant,
" MORPETH.
The Delegates of the Short Time Committees
of the West Riding."

MELANCHOLY CASE OF SELF DESTRUCTION.—
YEoVIL, MONDAY, JAN. s.—Last night Yeovil was a scene of
great excitement, in consequence of the self-destruction of a
respectable female, named Hook, of Belmont-street, who
destroyed herself in a well. The deceased had recently lost
her husband, but had resided with a daughter, who kept a
school. On Sunday night she left her bed, and shortly
afterwards moaning was heard in the well. A young man,
named Vagg, a neighbour, proceeded thither, and succeeded in
dragging the body to within a few feet of the surface, when
the rope unfortunately broke, and before another could be
procured life was extinct. The deceased was very much re-
spected in the neighbourhood, where she had been many
years a resident.
SOUTH SEA HOUSE.—Yesterday a Quarterly Court
of the proprietors of South Sea Stock was held at the Com-
pany's House, in Threadneedle-street, to consider of a divi-
dend. Mr. harles Franks, the sub-governor, in the chair.
The minutes of the last court were read and confirmed. The
Chairman acquainted the Court that the present was a general
meeting, for the purpose of declaring a half-yearly dividend
on the Company's stock. The accounts which had been pre-
pared pursuant to the Act of Parliament, would now be read.

The secretary having read the accounts, the Chairman, after
alluding to some of the princ;pal items, moved that a divi-
dend of one-and-three-quarters per cent. be declared on the
Company's stock, and that the warrants be payable on -the
sa.fie day as the Government annuities, viz., Thursday, the
Bth instant. The motion was put and carried, and there
being no other business before it, the Court adjourned.
CALCRAFT THE EXECUTIONER, MOBBED.— hi e-

diately after the completion of the execution of the woman,
Browning, at the Old Bailey, on Monday last, a cab was ob-
served to draw up to a door of the prison, from which it was
known the executioner, Calcraft, would quickly emerge for
the purpose of going to perform a similar office at the gaol of
Horsemonger-lane. when a simultaneous rush was made by
the mob towards the spot, and in an instant the wheels and
roof, and every part of the cab that was available, was taken
possession of by the rabble, so eager were they to obtain a
glance of the functionary of the law. Calcraft soon made his
appearance, when the uproar of the assembled throng became
deafening. A posse of the police, however, who were at hand,
soon dislodged the intruders from the cab, which now quickly
passed off towards its destination, followed by hundreds whose
course were diricted to the same spot.

. -..—
PUGILISM.—In the course of the past year there
were no less than 147 prize fights, the stakes varying in
amount from 10/. to 2001. a side.

The Duke of Buccleuch, the Lord President elect
of the Council, is understood to have obtained an accession
of 25,0001. per annum to his Grace's large rent-roll, by the
recent demise of his uncle, Lord Montagu.

THE ARMY.
PROMOTION FROM TIIE RANKS AND REWARDS
FOR GOOD SERVICES.
A warrant was promulgated yesterday, by command of
her Majesty, for the purpose of affording "a greater en-
couragement to the non- conmissioned officers and soldiers
of the army who may have distinguished themselves, or
who ma 3 have given good, faithful, and efficient service."
It is dated Windsor December 19, and is comprised in forty-
four articles; by the first of which, " Whenever her Majesty
shah sanction the grant of a cominission without purchase to a
nou-commissioned-officer, selected and recommended for this
distinction by the Commander-in-Chief, there shall be
granted to such officer in aid of an outfit as a commissioned
officer, a tom of 1501. if appointed to a cavalry regiment,
and 100/.4f to an infantry regiment."
2. That a sum not exceeding 2,000/. a yeaxbe distributed
for the purpose of granting annuities, as rewards for dis-
tinguished or meritorious service, to sergeants who are now,
or may be hereafter in the service, either while serving or
after discharged with or without pension, in sums not ex-
ceeding 201., which may be held during service and with
pension.

3. Sergeants selected for this honorary distinction en-
titled to receive and wear a silver medal.
4. Commander-in-Chief to select individuals for this mark
of approbation.
5. With the view of further rewarding meritorious sol-
diers when discharged, and encouraging good conduct in
others, warrants of 1829 and 1833 altered, and a gratuity in
addition to ordinary pensions may be granted upon discharge,
to men who shall have served twenty-one years in the in-
fantry, or twenty -four in the cavalry. Gratuity to sergeants
who shall have served ten years as such, 15/. ; corporal seven
years as such, 10/. ; private, 5/.
6. Commanding officer of every regiment may annually
recommend such individuals while serving as he shall consider
best entitled to gratuity, provided amount recommended in
any one year does not exceed 30'. for regiment of establish-
ment of 700 rank and file and upwards, and 20/. for regiment
of lower establishment than 700 rank and file.
7. Men recommended must have completed twenty-one
years actual service in infantry, and twenty-four in cavalry,
and have borne irreproachable character, or, if not strictly
within latter conditions, must have particularly distinguished
themselves in the service.
8. Soldiers recommended to receive gratuity for good con-
duct shall, by approval of Commander-in-Chief, be entitled
to wear silver medal.
Articles 9, 10, and 11 further refer to medal gratuities, &c.
12. Directs that all corporals, trumpeters, drummers, fifers,
buglers, and private soldiers, enlisted or re-enlisted after the
Ist of September, 1836, shall have no claim to additional
pay after any pei iod of service, but that a reward of addi-
tional pay for good conduct be granted under rules in
articles 1g,14, 15,16, 17, and 18, by which a progressive in-
crease of ld. a day up to 6d , and certain distinguishing
marks under regulations specified to soldiers who shall have
completed ten, fifteen, twenty, twenty-five, or thirty years'
service.
19. Soldiers who shall have completed eighteen years' ser-
vice without having names entered in regimental defaulters'
book for last sixteen years shall be allowed good conduct
reward after twenty, twenty-five, and thirty years of actual
service, two years earlier.
20. Service to entitle soldiers to rewards granted after each
period of five years must be service in the ranks.
21. Soldiers who accept employments will receive good-
conduct pay, by special sanction only, in consideration of
circumstances-mentioned in this article.
Articles 22,'23, and 24. Regulations as to good-conduct
pay, distinguishing marks, &c.
25. Service requisite to entitle men to distinction and re-
wards granted may include former service in all ranks after
age of eighteen.
26. Regulations as to men discharged on reduction or for
disability.
27. Forfeiture of service attaching to individuals in re-
spect of additional pay, in consequence of sentence of Court-
martial, or of conviction for desertion, will equally attach to
them in respect of good pay.
28. Soldiels of good conduct, who may be permitted to
purchase or obtain free discharges at their own request, shall
be allowed discharges upon terms in this article specified.
29. Soldiers enlisting since March 1833, who are in enjoy-
ment of two or more distinguishing marks, and of good con-
duct pay, may obtain permanent pension as an indulgence, at
rate fixed in warrant of Feb. 1833, two years earlier than
men who have not earned this distinction, and receive same
amount of good-conduct pay which would have been added
to their ordinary pension, under rules laid down in this war-
rant if they had been discharged as unfit for further service
or by reduction.
30. States that as it is her Majesty's pleasure that this
reward shall be strictly an honourable distinction, to be con-•
ferred only upon the well-conducted soldier, commanding
officers of regiments are strictly enjoined to enter in defaulters'
book the name of every soldier who in consequence of
misconduct shall have been subjected to any punish-
ment beyond six da) s' drill or seven days' confinement to
barracks, and the commission of every offence which shall
impose upon commanding officer the necessity of recording
the soldier's name in the regimental defaulters' book, shall
render the man ineligible for this reward for two years from
that date ' • and, if he be already in possession of this distinc-
tion, shall deprive him of his distinguishing mark and good
conduct pay for one year ; and a second recorded offence
within twelve months shall render two years of uninter-
rupted good conduct necessary to obtain a restoration of such
reward.
31. Refers to forfeiture and restoration of good conduct
pay and distinguishing marks.

- 32. Any soldier whO', by having been recorded in the re-
gimental defaulters' book, shall have been adjudged to have
been guilty of an offence by which he is to forfeit the whole
or a part of his reward for previous good conduct shall. if
he denies the commission of such offence, have the right of
appeal to emu t-martial.
33. A soldier may, for first offence of serious nature, be ad •
judged, by court-martial, to forfeit all or any part of the ad-
vantage he had derived from previous good conduct, abso-
lutely, or for period not less than eighteen months.
34. The distinction and rewards for good conduct do not
extend to sergeants and other non-commissioned officers
above the rank of corporal, and they will not be allowed,
while serving, any addition to established pay; but if per-
mitted to purchase, or obtain free discharges at their own
request, they will be admitted to benefits of article. 28, and if
discharged to pension they may for peculiarly good conduct
be allowed ld., 2d., 3d., 4d., 5d., or 6d. a day to pensions,
provided aggregate pension shall in no case exceed for a ser-
geant ls. 10d., quartermaster-sergeant 2s. ld., and sergeant-
major 2s. 4d. a day.
_

65. Soldiers in her Majesty's service who enlisted before
September, 1836, shall have the option of relinquishing addi-
tional pay of 2d. a day, to which they are now entitled after
completion of fourteen years' infantry or seventeen cavalry
service, and shall then be entitled by good conduct to advan-
tages of good conduct pay while serving, of pension on dis-
charge, and deferred pension, granted to soldiers enlisted
after September, 1836.

36. Soldiers now serving who enlisted on or before the Ist
of March, 1833, by relinquishing right to additional pay for
length of service, be entitled to claim advantages of good
conduct pay while serving, hereby granted; but as warrants
which were in force at the time of their original enlistment
give them a right to higher rates of pension on discharge
than those to be granted to men enlisted after March, 1833,
not entitled to good conduct pay added to pensions on dis-
charge.

37' In special cases of men enlisted on or before March,
1833, who have obtained one or more mark or marks, and
who after short service may be discharged for disabilities or
reduction, either without pension or with temporary, condi-
tional, or permanent pensions, the good conduct pay may,
by consent of the Secretary at War, be added to pensions;
and such men, if not placed upon permanent pensions, be re-
gistered at Chelsea for deferred pension.
38. Soldiers serving who enlisted on or before September,
1836, and who have completed twenty, twenty-five, or thirty
years' service may, on relinguishing right to additional pay,
receive 4d., 5d., or 6d. a day good conduct ' pay provided
name shall not have been entered in defaulters book im-
mediately preceding exchange for periods prescribed by this
warrant.

39. Soldiers who have completed fifteen years' service
may, on relinquishing right to additional pay, receive 3d. per
diem good conduct pay, provided names shall not have been
entered iu regimental defaulters' book six years preceding
exchange.
40. Soldiers of less than fifteen years' service, already in
receipt of additional pay at 2d. a day for length of service,
may, on relinquishing right to additional pay, receive same
amount as good conduct pay, provided names shall not have
been entered in defaulters' book two years preceding ex-
change. _ _

41:Soldiers already in receipt of additional pay of ld. a
day for length of service may, on relinquishing right to ad-
ditional pay, continue to receive same amount as good con-
duct pay, provided names shall not have been entered in
defaulters' book at least two years immediately preceding
exchange.

42. Soldiers not yet in receipt of additional pay for length
of service may, by relinquishing right to same, receive good
conduct pay on completing periods cf five, ten, fifteen,
twenty, and thirty years, if names not entered in defaulters'
book two, four, six, eight, ten, or twelve years immediately
preceding.
43. In establishing claims to good conduct pay, soldiers
who were present at the battle of Waterloo shall be allowed
to reckon two years in addition to actual service, and those
enlisted before December, 1829, shall be allowed to reckon
three years for two of actual service after the age of eighteen
in East and West Indies (in other than West India Regi-
ments), but in claiming discharge under 28th article actual
service only shall be reckoned.
44. Soldiers enlisted before September, 1836, shall be en-
titled to distinguishing marks whether they accept or not
the option of relinquishing additional pay for good conduct
pay, and be entitled to same addition to pensions as number
of distinguishing marks they may severally possess at the
period of discharge as is allowed to men in the receipt of good
conduct pay.

By her Majesty's command,
(Signed) SIDNEY HERBERT.

NAVAL INTELLIGENCE,
PORTSMOUTH, JAN. 6, 1846. —Her Majesty's steamer Janus,
the projection of Lord Dundonald, arrived at Spithead in the
course of the night, and went in the harbour early this
morning. She carried the broad pendant of Captain-Super-
intendent Sherriff until coming under the command of a senior
officer. It appears the Janus left Chatham in the forenoon of
Saturday, and by aid of steam and sails got to Margate Roads
the same night, where she anchored. On Sunday morang
she put to sea again, and contrived to reach Dungeness on
Sunday night. During Monday she managed to work up
to Spithead, and anchored during the night. At no
time could more than seven knots be got out of her,
anti it is therefore very evident that, although Lord Dun-
donald's rotatory engine may be a good one, it is not a
powerful one in this vessel. The Janus is an ugly
looking steamer, of about 800 tons; her head and
stern are unlike others, but that may arise from
the plan of her projector. She has two funnels. It is, how-
ever, satisfactory to know that before any further expense is
to be entered into about her, a committee of scientific men
are to be sent to Portsmouth to
try her engines, and make a
full report to the Admiralty if it is desirable to introduce
them into her Majesty's navy, or let the Janus be the first
and last expense. Professor A treY, and Mr. Lloyd, chief
engineer and inspector of machinery at Woolwich, will form
two of the committee. Lord Dundonald, of course, came
round in the Janus. She was made fast to a buoy off the
Dockyard. The people who came in her say she is a good
and safe sea-boat under sail. The foregoing is an account of
the Janus's trip to Portsmouth, and her appearance in the
harbour. Soon after one the steam was got up, and Lord
Dundonald, Capt. Sherriff, Capt. Denison, R.E., Director of
works in the dockyard, Mr.Taplin, chief-engineer, and some per-
sons connected with the metal mills, wenton board, intending
to try the Janus's engines by an excursion to Spithead. The
necessary preparations were made as much. as if she had been
going over to France, the boats being hoisted up, and men
with lead lines put in the chains. Captain Sherriff's broad
pendant was displayed, and the pilot went on the paddle-
box ; the signal was given to cast off front the buoy, and
after about six revolutions of her wheels the Janus stopped,
and to prevent her getting foul of the dockyard wall her
anchor was let go, and the steam commenced blowing off.
She was then hauled back to the buoy, it being evident to
the spectators that something had gone wrong. So much for
the trial. The Janus's engines and boilers generate a great