The Sun.
London, England, 1846-05-18 00:00:00

RAILWAY SUN.

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THE WEATHER—SUN OFFICE, MAY 18.
THERMOMETER, Lowest, 40; Highest, 62; N00n,,58.
BAROMETER, 29.06.—W1ND S.S.W.; showery-.

1'1(.411 WATER AT LONDON-BRIDGE THIS DAY.
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throne to depriving the Cabrals of their portfolios.
Among the seceders from the Chamber of Peers
are the Marquis of LOULE, the husband of the QUEEN'S aunt,
the Viscount DAS ANTAS, who commanded the P,,rtugue,e
Legion in Spain, the Marquis of ABRANTES, and the Viscount
SA DA BANDEIRA. They have published a protest containing
the reasonfor their secession. This is the unconstitutional
conduct of the Minister of the Interior, ANTONIO CABRAL,
who in the Diario, the only journal suffered to be published
in Lisbon, actually in the reports of the debates in the Cham-
ber ordered the speeches of the Opposition Peers to be sup-
pressed. This they denounce as a breach of the 20th and2sth
articles of the charter, an offence to the Chamber, and an
atrocious calumny on the Members affected by it.

Madrid Papers of the 9th and 10th have arrived.
The Gazette of the 9th publishes the Ministerial circular,
announcing that the new electoral law will be put in force
immediately, and directing the political chiefs to proceed to
the formation of the electorate lists, which are to be published
on the 30th of May. According to the Tiempo, a conspiracy
has been detected in Granada, and the colonel of the regi-
ment of Albuera has been arrested, together with several
officers and soldiers. The Eco del Comercio publishes
a letter from Malaga, distinctly denying that the
parties engaged in the assassination of the colonel of the
Granada regiment were actuated by political motives.
The Clamor Publico announces that General NAftVAEZ will
shortly return to Spain, while some of the other journals state
that he is about to leave Bayonne for Paris, from whence he
will proceed to Naples on a diplomatic mission.
The Infante Don EN atQuE has received permission to leave
Bayonne for Brussels, on a visit to his sister, the Princess
IsABEL, who, with her husband, a Polish nobleman, is re-
siding in that city. Should his Highness wish to visit
England in the course of his tour, he has obtained permis-
sion to do so.

The brig Nervion after landing the Galician insurgents
on the coast of Portugal, had arrived at Gibraltar.

The QUEEN was about to proceed to Aranjuez for a few

days.
MADRID BOLSA, MAY 9.—The Three per Cents. were not
quoted, but some private transactions had taken place at
32 13.16 :Y; for cash, and 32% 33 for time; and in the Cou-
pons at 20%. The shares of the San Fernando Bank were
done at 332, and those of Isabel at 192.

We have received the Paris papers of Friday and Saturday.
➢i. TRIERS had, in consequence of what passed in the
Chamber of Deputies two days before, relative to La Plata,
addressed a very long letter to the Opposition journals, on
Friday, in justification of his conduct, in and out of office, on
this subject. After alluding to the state of things in that
part of South America when he last came into office, M.
TmERs says :

"It in this state that I found this affair in 1840. It was
soon proved to me that the desire to bring it to a close was
well founded, and that it was necessary to terminate the
blockade by a prompt and decisive operation. The Cabinet
of March 1 determined on an expedition, which was en-
trusted to Admiral de Mackau, at present Minister of Marine.
M. de Mackau, who now considers every exWition to the
banks of La Plata to be imprudent, accepted the command of
6,000 men, seamen and marines, and the mission to act
against Buenos Ayres, if he was obliged to do so, in order to
have that justice rendered to France which was her due.
His instructions enjoined him to demand an indemnity for
the French subjects, who had suffered from Roses' cruelty,
a guarantee that they should not be again subject to certain
exactions of the Argentine Government, and honourable con-
ditions for our allies. These allies were of two kinds—the
insurgents of Buenos Ayres, armed against Rosas in the
midst of the republic which he tyrannised over, who had re-
ceived subsidies from us, and the state of Monte Video, which
was a regular ally acting with us as an independent state.
For the one an amnesty was to be obtained, and for the
other, a guarantee of existence. Roses, on seeing our forces
doubled by the arrival of M. de M.,ekau' consented to nego-
tiate. He concluded with M. de Mackau the treaty which
has become the basis of the new relations. This treaty sti-
pulated an indemnity for the French subjects who had been
despoiled of their property and ill-used, a treatment for them
such as was granted to the most favoured nations; the
faculty to return to their country kr the exiles of Buenos
Ayres who had taken up arms, and for the republic of Monte
Video the absolute independence of its Government and of its
territory. The treaty, to say the truth, could have been
drawn up otherwise, but I never attributed as a fault to M.
Mackau the mode in ,which it was worded. He had left
France engaged in the Eastern question; he had seen the
Cabinet ready to break up on the question of La Plata, and
he ought to have been disposed to bring to a close an affair
which he knew to, be so difficult in itself and betome still
more so by the complica ions which had taken place in
European affairs. But, however that might be, as far as the
wording was concerned, the treaty, if executed faithfully, was
sufficient."

M. Thiers then gives a very animated picture of the ca-
lamities and disasters which have taken place since the re-
fusal of Rosas to perform the conditions that had been
agreed upon, and dwells with much energy upon the
cruelties and atrocities of that chief, not only towards
all who were opposed to him, but also towards French
subjects who have been robbed and massacred by his
agents. Alluding to the visit of General O'Brien, of
wom Thiers speaks in terms of well-merited praise
for his humane endeavours to induce the English and
French Governments to interfere for the immediate repression
of the tyranny of Rosas, he observes that Lord Aberdeen,
whore heart, says M. Thiers, is upright and generous, had
shared in the sentiments which every honest man must feel
in such a matter, and consented to intervene. The French
Cabinet, adds the ex-President of the Council, could not re-
fuse to co- operate with that of Great Britain, and a mutual in-
tervention was agreed upon. M. Thiers here states what were
the objects of the intervention, and although he complains that
in the terms dictated to Rosas, full and efficient guarantees were
not stipulated for on behalf of French subjects, he shows
how vain the resistance of Rosas bad been to the first de-
monstrations that were made against him, and then ex-
presses his astonishment at the French Government not
having followed up his advantages, and completing the work
of honour and humanity. He asks:—
" What can arrest the action of our Government in pre-
sence of such a situation ? Is it the difficulty of execution ?
Is it the complicated nature of our interests in that part of
America? The difficulty of execution is almost nothing, if
three or four thousand men are sent out. The point is, not
towage war on Roses in the extent of the Argentine re-
public, which would expose us to the necessity of running
after him across the Pampas; but to join to the three thou-
sand English who are at La Plata, and to the denationalized
French legion at Monte Video, three thousand men landing
there, and to force the camp of Oribe. That being clOne, and
no one can doubt of its success, Monte Video would be freed
from blockade, the sufferings which we complain of would
cease, and our summons to Rosas to evacuate the territory
Monteof Video would be attended to. If, when that was
done, Rosas was to be acted against merely by blockade, let
it be so. I think that a better course could be adopted ;
but, in fine, the summons of Eugland and France would
be respected, and the principal sufferings of our country-
men would have- been brought to a close. All men,
well-informed oil the subject, declare that on the
simple appearance of a reinforcement Rosas would
yield ; for it is the opinion which he entertains
of the hesitation of our Government which induces hill to
prolong his resistance. The difficulty of execution in re •
ducing the operation to what we demand is therefore null.'
M. Thiers then proceeds to describe the state of things at
the date of the last accounts, and concludes his letter as
fellows. Our readers will see that the allusion to England
is here, as elsewhere, conceived in terms of perfect good
policy towards that country :—"rhe interest is pressing,
and the duty absolute. The misfortunes endured by
15,000 French subjects ought to be put a stop to,
against which the mere assertion of some isolated indi-
viduals, whom fears or some motives has separated from the
the mass of their countrymen, might not to prevail. The
allies whom we have compromised ought to be saved ;
and since we have guaranteed them by an article of the
treaty, since we have summoned the others to evacuate their
territory, we ought to cause our summons to be respected.
The manner that before any tribunal the case may be justi-
fied is this :—The French were thought interested enough
in what was passing at Monte Video to interfere; the treaty
which guaranteed the independence of Monte Video, was
formal enough to force Rosas to respect it; he was called on
to withdraw, an action was fought for that purpose, and then
all at once the matter was stopped short, and nothing more
was done than this first act ! The English have 3,600 men,
we have 1,300 or 1,400 ; only 2,000 or 3,000 more are re-
quired to finish the business, and yet the matter remains so !
The French continue to die of hunger and wretchedness;
Oribe, in the name of Rosas, continms to despise our sum-
mons, and we are satisfied! But, then, why interfere at
first? Why summon Oribe and Rosas to withdraw? The
blood of the French, it is said, deserves to be paid attention
to, and spared as much as possible. But why should the
blood of the French be alleged as a reason, when an expedi-
tion of 4,000 or 5,000 men was about to be sent to Madagas-
car! when hundreds were lost in the absurd enterprise of the
Marquises, which is the laughing stock of both French and
foreign seamen ! I must declare that such a policy
is revolting to common sense and humanity, and
for my part, I can never speak of it in the Cham-
ber with temper. The end of the whole cannot but be de-
plorable. Either Oribe will enter Monte Video, in conse-
quence of the worn-out condition of the inhabitants, and
that will be a shameful piece of treachery on our parts to-
wards the Government created for us and by us; a misfor-
tune for the French, whom Oribe knows to be his irreconci-
leable enemies; a misfortune for our policy, for Monte Video,
and Buenos Ayres, will then be one power, which is opposed
to all our interests; or Oribe will not enter there, and this
what we refuse W do at
deplorable situation will drag on ; our Frenchmen will con-
tinue to troffer ; our summons will continue to be despised by
make the English alliance
Rosas; and England, already disgusted, will withdraw. We
shall then remain isolated, and be obliged to do at last, alone
In truth, I cannot c 6...
nceive such conduct. It is desired to
else than
17opular, and the wish is a proper
s' ple, natural. and honour-
One. Here was an opportunity; -
able, to have the troops
•ngdoms acting together
present in union with the English.
(If the two a._ ;on is lost in a for an object of humanity, and the odas..„ridi-
culous attempt, the result of which can be no:ling
cruel. Let the men interested in supporting a policy
say what they please of the warmth wLich I have sho;v1!
long
himatter, I shall persist in blaming that policy, and as
as I have a voice to nr,ke myself heard, 1 shall de-
nounce it to all men of sense and feeling as infamous."
In the Journal des Dards of Friday appears an article iii
reply to this letter. _

" The letter of M. Thiers (says the Debars) ig only an
amende honorable. The indiscreet author of the amendment
on the affairs of La Plata endeavours to obtain par-
don for the defeat which he so awkwardly brought down
on the head of the Opposition when it looked for no- ,
thing of the kind. Ttie letter is only another edition of
his speeches; there is nothing additional in it, but uncon- I
stitutional attacks against a power which M. Thiers is as
much, or even more than any person bound to respect,
and insinuations which his former functions forbid him
more than any other man to use. 'When M. Thiers de-
clares that the Cabinet of March 1 was on the point of
breaking up, relative to the La Plata question, we do not
know, and we ought not to know, what he means. There
was not at that epoch, as well as we can remember, any Mi-
nisterial crisis. If there was any change of Ministry, it
would be as, act coming under public cognizance. But M. I
Thiers remained lLnister after the mission of M. de
Mackau, as is but too well remembered. What may have
passed in the Council of the Crown between the King and
his Ministers does not belong to public discussion. M.
Thiers has no right to state on this subject even the truth,
still less what resembles it so little, and this kind of indis-
cretion is the more strange in a man who reproaches his po-
litical adversaries with uncovering royalty."
The article extends over four columns, and there is a great
deal of persona vituperation which had been much better
omitted. With regard to the war itself, the Debars gives the
following as the history of its origin, and the ezixad of the
policy rhidl Luce has pursind

THE STN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, MAY 18, 1846