The Sun.
London, England, 1836-05-21 00:00:00

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The publication (f THE. SUN Nrwsy Arra commenced this day
at 10 minor, past Three o'clock.

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7

LONDON,

SATURDAY EVENING, MAY 21, 1836.

Mr. O'CONNELL gave notice last night in the
House of Commons, that, on the 21st of June, he
should move for leave to bring in a Bill to reform the
House of Lords, and make the constitution of that
body elective. This announcement will take no one
by surprise, least of all their Lordships, who must
long since have been prepared for it. Three years
have now elapsed since the passing of the Reform
Bill, and during that period the Tory aristocracy have
been doing their utmost to thwart every measure
brought forward by a liberal Government for the be-
nefit of the people. In vain have they been suppli-
cated and remonstrated with.; in vain have the Refor-
mers exercised towards them the utmost forbearance,
in the hope that time might allay their prejudices, and
induce them to keep pace with the age—they have
gone on in their headlong course, utterly regardless of
all warnings, heaping up insult on insult, and injury
on injury ; and cannot now, therefore, be surprised
that the country is desirous of coming to a strict rec-
koning with them. It is not the people who have
placed the Lords in this embarrassing position—
but they themselves who have done it. They
have lighted with their own hands the torch
that is to fire their temple. Had they sided with the
representatives of the people, their hereditary privileges
might have remained inviolate for years ; but they
preferred, instead, to take part against them, and must
be prepared to abide the consequences. Let them not
delude themselves with the idea, that because Mr.
O'CONNELL'S motion may happen to be defeated, that
therefore an extinguisher will be pht on the question.
The ball once set in motion, will never stop, but gain
accelerated force as it rolls on. We are no advocates
for agitation, but there are occasions when it is abso-
lutely indispensable—when, in fact, nothing can be
dor.e without it. The present is one of these. Un-
less the people ' stir in all quarters ; unless they
hold county meetings, town meetings, and village
meetings, and send up petition after petition to the
House of Commons, couched in such constitu-
tional, but energetic terms as the emergency of
the case demands—unless the people do this,
and the sooner they set about it the better,
vain will be all hope of bringing the Upper
House to its senses. Their Lordships must be
taught their own weakness, and the people's strength.
They must be taught, too, that Ireland will no longer
permit her best interests to be neglected, merely be-
cause some hundred and fifty " tenth transmitters of a
foolish face," entertain a virulent animosity towards a
particular individual.
Their Lordships are little aware of the immense
political influence they are giving to Mr. O'CONNELL,
by their conduct. The mere fact of their legislating
for Ireland, with reference to him only, and introduc-
ing his name in every one of their discussions, is tan-
tamount to an acknowledgement that he, siney, is
equal in power to their whole combined confederacy ;
that, in short, he is the very first man in his MAJES-
TY'S dominions—a sovereign defacto, if not de jure.
We know that he is so ; but is it for their Lordships
to keep this truth constantly before our eyes ? Their
policy, one would suppose, would be to decry
him as a dwarf, not to exalt him as a giant. No gen-
tleman fights a duel except with his equals, and the
present duel between the House of Lords and O'CoN-
NET, L, is a convincing proof that the former think the
latter every way their equal—son-me might be apt to call
him their superior—but let that pass.
The first-fruits of their Lordship's policy towards
Ireland may already be seen in the great public meeting
that took place on Tuesday last in Dublin. At this

important meeting; which is to be shortly followed up
by simultaneous ones all over the country, Mr. SHELL,
who was present, expressed himself as follovis :
" All hope of compromise is at an end. Deep and
deadly warfare has been declared ; and it has become
clear that by Lord LYNDHURST we must be ruled,
or upon Lord LYNDHURST we must trample. From
every district petitions to Parliament demanding justice
must be poured in ; thousands must assemble ; and
above all, the active system of organization devised by
O'CONNELL, and which O'CONNELL is as ready
as ever he was to work, must be strenuously,
immediately, and simultaneously applied. Call
it by what name you please, let us have the weekly
meetings, the appeals to the people, the exciting
eloquence, the enthusiasm, the devotedness. The
Association, the old-Catholic Association, with mil-
lions for its sustainment—that is what we now want.
Continuous, well-organized, unremitting, but legal and
constitutional agitation is indispensable. Agitate then
with energy ; associate with promptitude." Will Ire-
land be deaf to this summons of one of her best and
boldest patriots ? And will England refuse to join
her in her demand for " equal justice ?" We trust
not—we trust in heaven not—but that both countries
will work cordially together for the furtherance of the
common good ; for the interests of the one kingdom
are inseparably bound up with those of the other.

Mr. O'CONNELL last night presented a petition
to the House of Commons from certain electors of
Dublin against the right of the present Members,
Messrs. WEST and HAMILTON, to retain their seats
in the House. The reception of the petition was stre-
nuously opposed by Sir JAMES GRAHAM and Mr.
WYNN on the ground of informality, the petitioners,
according to their view of the case, being precluded
by the Grenville Act, which provides that no peti-
tion can be received against a Member whom a Select
Committee has declared to be duly elected. The Select
Committee, argued these gentlemen, appointed to in-
vestigate
the allegations of the Dublin petition against
the return of Messrs. O'CONNELL and RunivEN,
have declared Messrs. WEST and HAMILTON
duly elected, and therefore there can be no ap-
peal from that decision. Had the Committee merely
reported that they ought to have been returned, the
question of undue election might have been open to the
petitioners ; but as the Committee had entered into
the question of election, and decided it in favour of one
of the parties, there was an end of the matter. All the
precedents, they said, were against the reception of
the petition, and Mr. WYNN pulled out of his pocket
the Report of an Election Committee, dated 1742
(the very smell of which he said refreshed his spirit),
which he read to the no small edification of the House,
and from which it appeared that an ancestor of his was
ousted from the Representation of Denbigh by an im-
proper return made by a wicked Sheriff', whose brother
was the opponent of his venerable ancestor, who was
re-instated in his dignity by the said Election Com-
mittee, the electors being allowed fourteen days to
question the validity of the election.
How this bears upon the present case does not ap-
pear; nor, indeed, do any of the precedents quoted,
nor any of the provisions of the GRENVILLE Act, seem
to apply to this case, which is a very peculiar one.

In the first place, the GRENVILLE Act declares
the decision of the coinmittee final, but final only
" between the patties." Now, Mr. O'CONNELL,
showed dearly that Messrs. WEST and HAMILTON
were not " parties" to the petition against him and
Mr. 11 uTuvEN ; and fintlicr, that upon the very
ground of their not being parties, the Committee bad
positively excluded all evidence tending to connect
them with the bribery practised by their agents. Se-
condly, Mr. G. F. YOUNG, an active member of
the Committee, stated expressly last night, that
the Report was agreed to under the full impression
that, in consequence of the restriction imposed by
them upon the Commissioners in Dublin, not to re-
ceive evidence criminating Messrs. WEST and HA-
MILTON, the petitioners should be allowed an oppor-
tunity of adducing such evidence on the presentation
of such a petition, as that presented by Mr.
O'CONNELL.

These are` circumstances which clearly take the pre-
sent petition out of the number of those to which the
Grenville Act can in fairness be made to apply, and
this seemed to be the feeling of the House, though on
account of the great importance of the question, it was
deemed prudent to defer its consideration until after
the holidays. The debate on the petition Was accord-
ingly adjourned to the 30th instant.

Copies of the fourth and fifth Reports of the Post-
Office Commissioners will be found in another part
of The Sun. The way in which these documents
have been drawn up, leaves no doubt on our mind as
to the intentions of the Government, with respect to
that department. There will be at last a thorough
.
investigation, followed by a thorough reform of the
whole establishment. In their fourth Report the
Commissioners recommend the appointment of a per-
manent responsible Board, charged with the manage-
ment of the Post-Office. This is striking the nail
fairly on the head. As well might the Cus-
toms and the Excise be left to the ma-
nagement of ar, irresponsible clerk and the controul
of a Cabinet Minister, as the Post-office establish-
ment ; and, without being placed under the superin-
tendence of such a Board, it will be impossible to
prevent the recurrence of the abuses which led to the
appointment of a Commission of Inquiry.
We have ourselves been made acquainted with some
curious and surpassingly strange facts connected with
the interior management of the Post-office. We have
also heard much of certain individuals therein em-
ployed, who, if they faithfully discharge what they
conceive to be their duty, must have a standard of
morals peculiar to themselves. But we shall not
wantonly give publicity to statements, which would not
fail to inflict the most serious injury upon individuals.
The Government, we are convinced, will see justice
done to the public, and more is neither required nor
desirable. The blame that others might heap upon
individuals we attribute to the system. Placed in the
same situation as the most culpable of the Post-office
authorities, it might be doubted if their accusers would
appear less blameworthy than they.

Great praise is due to the Honourable Member
for Greenock, Mr. WALLACE, for his unremitting
exertions in favour of a reform in the whole Post-
Office Establishment. What great good even one Mem-
ber of the House of Commons may accomplish for the
country—provided he be active, persevering, and con-
sistent in his labours—may be instanced by what that
Gentleman has done towards the correction of the
abuses of this immense, and hitherto irresponsible Es-
tablishment. Notwithstanding the recommendations
of former Commissions, and the general desire of the
Government, to co-operate with the House of
Commons in the eradication of abuses, we
have no hesitation in asserting that for years to
come the Post-office would have remained in
the condition it now is—bowed down with the
accumulated abuses—had not the Mem-
‘)veeri"h for of
or
1. Greenock, taken up the question of
its immediate and radical reform. At the same
time it must be allowed that Mr. WALLACE has
been ably assisted by persons whose names may almost
claim being pu'' juxta-position with his own. Of these

by far the most active and efficient is the gentleman who
officiates as Secretary to the Commission of Inquiry,
Air. GARDINER. We shall find another opportunity for
dwelling more at length upon the important services
rendered to the public by this gentleman in the course
of the Post-office investigation. Next week we shall
endeavour to find room for the more important parts of
the evidenee given before the Commissioners.

We have received the whole of the Paris Papers of
Thursday. The Journal de Paris of Thursday even-
ing contains the following official announcement :
" A telegraphic despatch from Bayonne, of the 19th,
communicates intelligence to the effect, that in conse-
quence of the QUEEN'S refusal that Generals QuE-
SADA, ESPELETA, and SAN ROMAN, should be su-
perseded in the command they hold in Madrid, all the
Ministers have resigned.
" The QUEEN has accepted the resignations, and in-
trusted, on the 15th, M. IsTußiz with the formation of
a Cabinet."

This is indeed important ; but it appears from the
Madrid Journals received to the 13th inst., that such
an event was anticipated in the Spanish Capital four
days at least before it actually occurred. Comparing
the telegraphic despatch published by the French
Government with the accounts circulated by the
Spanish Journalists, we think the real cause of
MENDIZABAL'S resignation has not been stated.
The El Patriota, in an article of the 12th inst., states
that in 'consequence of certain communications made
to the President of the Council by the authorities
' in the Provinces, he prepared, with the advice of his
colleagues, a number of decrees for changing the
Inspectors-General of the army, which decrees the
QUEEN refused to sanction. MENDIZABAL did not,
however, regard this refusal as an undue stretch of the
royal prerogative ; and therefore he did not send in his
resignation up to the evening of the 12th—the date of
the Journal in question. Now we think it rather im-
probable that the 'President of the Council should
take so long a time to deliberate respecting the pro-
priety of his remaining in office. It may be very well
to put forth the QUEEN'S refusal to sign certain
decrees involving no question of prindiple, as the os-
tensible cause of time dissolution of the Cabinet ; but
we are very confident that the real cause has been
very studiously kept out of sight. MENDIZABAL
was too indifferent to the intrigues carried on for his
removal from office—intrigues which he may be said
to have fostered by suffering CORDOVA to remain at
the head of the army. The President of the. Council
was not ignorant that CORDOVA, M. RAYNEVAL,
and.what ha,7 been called the French party, were con-
stantly intriguing to oust him. He had besides as his
deadly enemies all the regular Clergy, most of the
Proceres, and that portion of the people of Spain with
'whom the name of England is synonymous with he-
resy, and infidelity.

The retirement- of MENDIZABAL is the severest
blow the cause of the QUEEN has yet received. If it
be permanent, there is an end to the public credit of
Spain in this country. A new loan is now necessary
to enable the Government to prosecute the war with
and unless MENDIZABAL'S name be associa-
tedt with it, Spain cannot contract it, save on the inost
ruinous terms. But upon this question it will be time
enough to enlarge when the circumstances which led to
MENDIZABAL'S retirement from office are known to
us. We expect arrivals from Madrid detailing all par-
ticulars by Monday.
There is no news of any importance in the other
French Journals of Thursday. In the sitting of the
Chamber of Deputies on Wednesday, the Minister of
Finance opened his Budget, but the details are unin-
teresting to English readers. There will be a large
deficit in the revenue for the ensuing year, in conse-
quence of the expenses attendant upon the retention of
Algiers.
The following are extracts from the Journals :

PAms, MAY 18. —lt was expected that news from the thea-
tre of war would be received to-day, but the general expecta-
tion has been disappointed ; nothieg having arrived but the
journals of the frontiers, of which we give some extracts. As
the weather has been.favourable for some days, for the trans-
mission of telegraphic dispatches, it is hoped that there will
be some important news in the Moniteur to-morrow.
BAYONNE, MAY 14.—General Eguia, after having re-
ceived important dispatches, caused a retreat to be sounded
on the 10th, and immediately left Ernani, with six battalions
and some cannon.
It is affirmed that he is gone by way of Villa Real towards
Biscay. The cause of this precipitate movement is unknown,
unless it has been resolved upoi in consequence of the arrival
of Cordova at Mondragon, as reported yesterday.
We have no facts to state, except the evacuation of Fonta-
rabia, him, and Ernani, by the Carlists.
The English still occupy the same positions. Fresh troops
arc expected at Santander. The late bad weather has delayed
their arrival.
After the action before St. Sebastian, fourteen Carlist de-
serters had presented themselves at the Spanish Consulate's in
our city.—Sentinelle.
ENUMERATION OF THE FORCE OF THE