The Sun.
London, England, 1849-11-15 00:00:00

THURSDAY EVENING. NOVEMBER 15 1849.

discovering any communication between the Atlantic
and Pacific Ocean :—The first attempt was made in
1553 by Willoughby and Chancellor, who were sent
out with instructions to ascertain if there was a
north east passage, or if they could reach China by
passing to the north of Europe and Asia. Willoughby
reached Nova Zembla, but he and all his crew were
frczen to death. Chancellor entered the White Sea,
and thus opened a communication with Russia.
Captain Cook reached Icy Cape from the Pacific in
1778. In 1607 Captain Hudson was sent out to
attempt to discover the north-west passage, and
reached the latitude of 81 degrees, but was under the
necessity of putting back on account of the ice. In
1773 this experiment was again tried by
an expedition under the command of Captain
Phipps, who advanced about as far as Captain
Hudson had previously done ; and a similar at-
tempt was made in 1818, which proved equally un-
fortunate, under Captain Buchan. In 1827 Captain
Parry was sent out to reach the Pole in boats and
sledges over the ice, and lie attained about 82 degrees
40 minutes, and was obliged to return by the motion
of the fields of ice to the south. I❑ 1818 Captain
Ross attempted a north-west passage, and passed
through Lancaster Sound. In 1819 Captain Parry
reached 110 degrees west longitude, apel in 1821.23
examined the coast to the northward of Hudson's
Bay. In 1824 he reached Prince Regent's Inlet.
In 1826 Captain Franklin was sent overland to explore
the northern coast of America to the west of Mack-
enzie River; and at the same time Captian Beechey
was dispatched to meet hin in Behrring's Straits.
The two expeditions approached each other to within
a distance of 146 miles, but returned without meeting.
In 1829 33 Captain Ross sailed up Prince Regent's
Inlet, and ascertained that there is no communication
between the Arctic Ocean and the Atlantic south of
Barrow's Straits.

PLYMOUTH, Nov. 13. Her Majesty's steamer
Serpent arrived to-day from Portsmouth, bound to
Rio Janeiro and Hong-Kong.
Her Majesty's ship Ganges was taken in tow
yesterday afternoon by the Stromboli steam-frigate,
and cast well into the Channel on her passage to the
Mediterranean. Sir Henry Blackwood is gone out
in the Ganges. _ _ _

Mr. J. C. Rogers, clerk in the storekeepers'-office
at the dockyard, has been appointed secretary to Cap-
tain Superintendent J. Toup Nicholas at the Royal
Naval Hospital.

Dockyard Appointments—Mr. Tucker, draughts-
man, and John Rowe, leadinginan of shipwrights, are
appointed inspectors ; two joiners, Messrs. Jude and
Burns, are appointed leading men of joiners ; four
caulkers appointed leading men of caulkers, and two
ropem3kers appointed leading men of ropemakers.
Wind, S.W., light breeze.

IRELAND.
CORK ELECTION-DEFEAT OF THE REPEALER

DUBLIN, WEDNESDAY AlORNlNG.—Contrary to all
speculation, contrary even to Conservative opinion
with regard to the state of the registry, Colonel Chat-
terton has succeeded, and Repeal, as embodied in the
person of somnolent Mr. Alexander M'Carthy, has
suffered a most decisive defeat. The polling com-
menced yesterday morning at ten o'clock, and until it
closed at half-past four the victory was never once
doubtful, the Conservative candidate hour by hour
increasing his majority over his opponent. The final
poll stood thus :

Chatterton ... ... ... 880
M'Carthy .. ... ... ... 587

Majority for Chatterton... ... 293
The Cork Reporter pretty plainly intimates that
had the Liberals united in tendering their support to
Mr. Sergeant Murphy, the result would have been a
very different one.

ATTEMPT TO MURDER AN AGENT.

The Tipperary Vindicator states, that on Saturday
evening an attempt (the second) was made to assassi-
nate Mr. Francis Kiernan, agent over the property of
the Messrs. Scott, at Loughorna. Mr. Kiernan was
siting at his fire with some friends, when the shot
was fired in through the window of the room. Most
providentially a sack of oats had been removed near
the windcw a short time before, which intercepted
the ball and Laved Mr. Kiernan's life. A considerable
reward has been offered for the apprehension of the
offenders. The bailiff who had been wounded in
August last on the lands of Loughorna, and who had
been under the treatment of Dr. Kitson, returned to
I3orrisokane on Saturday convalescent. He is lammed
for the remainder of his life.

FATAL ACCIDENT AT THE LATE EXE-
CUTION OF THE MANNINGS.
Yesterday evening, an inquest was taken by Mr.
Payne at Guy's Hospital, on view of the body of
Catherine Read, aged 30, whose death took place in
consequence of injuries received at the execution of
the Mannings.
James Wright, conductor of St. Olave's fire•escape,
said that on Monday morning last, about nine o'clock,
he was at the end of Swan street, facing Horse-
monger-lane Gaol, when, on the Mannings being
about to ascend the scaffold, there was a general
move of the crowd, by which deceased was forced
against a barrier. She almost immediately swooned
away, upon which he assisted her under the barrier.
Her tongue protruded from her mouth, and she ap-
peared dying. He called, for the police, and obtained
some brandy for her. Several policemen came to his
assistance, and took the deceased away. There were
repeated cries of murder previously from persons in
the crowd.
Sergeant Swan, M 31, stated that he went to the
assistance of the deceased, who had been placed on
her back by the last witness, and who had cut her
clothes to give her relief. lie obtained a stretcher,
and with the assistance of some ether policemen took
her to the hospital.
Policeman Jackson, M 76, stated that at the time
the: deceased fell there was a terrific crush of the
mob, which caused several persons to fall.
The father of the deceased said that his daughter
was in the employment of the Messrs. Josephs, fur-
riers, Swan-street. When she left her home she
observed that she would not go to see the execution.
Mr. Christopher Newman, house-surgeon at Guy's
Hospital, said that deceased was admitted at ten o'clock
on Tuesday morning. She was then in a state of
collapse, and never rallied. She died that (yesterday)
morning, about six o'clock. lie made a post xzortem
examination of the body. He found a great conges-
tion of the brain, and there was an effusioa of serum in
the ventricles ; blood was also found in the stomach,
from the rupture of some vessel.
The CORONER, in summing up, said he was sorry to
say that there were other cases in the hospital.
Verdict—Accidental Death.

THE PROPOSED CHAMBER or COMMERCE IN lAD.
VERPOOL.—Yesterday the requisition to the Mayor to
call a public meeting for the establishment of a Chamber
of Commerce in Liverpool was presented to his Worship
at the Town-hall. The deputation who presented the
requisition consisted of W. Brown, Esq., M.P., and
Messrs. J. Stitt, George Holt, Charles Robinson, Edward
Ifeath, and Leone Levi. The requisition was signed by
upwai els of 260 firms in the town, including all the
bankers, the presidents of the different associated bodies,
and the leading merchants and gentlemen of all parties.
The Hon. Member for the county warmly advocated the
great advantage likely to arise from such an institution,
provided it received the general support of the commer-
cial portion of this community. His Worship received
the deputation with the greatest kindness, and expressed
himself willing to forward the object by every means in
his power. lie at once agreed to 0.11 a pit,lic meeting
on an early day, of which, we underst.i.cl, an official
notice will shortly be given.—Liverpool Courier
IMPROVED METROPOLITAN WATER SUPPLY.—
A very important preliminary meeting of parochial
officers and other representatives of metropolitan parishes
tick place on Tuesday, evening, in the vestry•room of
St. George the Mart) r, Southwark, for the purpose of
adopting measures of co-operation relating to the water-
supply of the metropolis ; Edward Collinson, Esq.,
chairman of the board of guardians, in the chair. The
meeting had been convened by the vestry clerk, pursuant
to an order of the vestry, and there were present several
officers and representatives from the parishes of St.
Pancras, Kensington, St. Luke, St. George the Martyr,
Lambeth, Poplar, St. Olave, Bromley, and several
other parishes. A series of resolutions were unanimously
passed, setting forth the defective state of the present
supply to the whole of the metropolis, and inviting the
authorities in each parish to co-operate in forming an
independent association cf representatives from their
bodies, to be called the " Parochial Water Supply Asso-
ciation," in order to counteract the powerful opposition
of the existing-water companies to the efforts now making
to obtain an abundant supply of pure water to the me-
tropolis. It was proposed that the association should
consist of one representative from each of the principal
parishes, to be elected by the ratepayers in vestry, who
should examine and report on all plans brought before
Parliament for remedying the existing defects. It was
determined studiously to avoid being identified with any
other association promoted by interested parties having
personal objects of their own to serve. The resolutions
were directed to be duly advertised, and the meeting was
adjourned to the I lth of December next, in order to
ascertain the views of the vestries in each metropolitan
parish on the subject.
IMPORTATION OF FOREIGN CATTLE.—The Gene-
rel Steam Navigation Company have obtained permis-
sion from the revenue authorities, and have made
arrangements for the landing of foreign cattle from their
steam-ships, entirely laden therewith, from Denmark,
and elsewhere, at their premises at Poplar,
known as Brown's Wharf, which will be exclusively de-
voted to the purpose, and possesses peculiar advantages
and conveniences for carrying such arrangements into
effect. One of the officials nominated by the Crown to
inspect foreign cattle on importation into this country,
residing on the spot, is an additional source of conve-
nience, as they can be at once examined and passed by
that officer. _ _

DusuAm.—At the annual election of fellows of the
University, the following gentlemen were elected :
Henry William Carr, 8.A., Robert Sorsbie,
.8.A., and
the Rev. Frederic William Russell, 8.A., of University
College ; and Stephen royntz Denning, 8.A., Bishop
Hatfield's-hall.

'THE UNITED STATES.

The following are further extracts from the
American papers brought by the Niagara:—
(From the Neu. York Weekly Herald.)
THE PACIFIC RAILROAD—WONDERFUL DEVE•
LC:WI:AUNTS OF RESOURCES IN THE PLAINS AND
DESERTS.—The greatest impediment to the construc-
tion of a railroad from the Mississippi, overland to
the Pacific, has been considered to be in the nature of
the country over which the road must be carried.
From twelve to fifteen hundred miles, in the selection
of any ruute north of Mexico, must be traversed over
plains, mountains, and deserts, without timber,
without population, without materials or supplier, and
thought to be without anything to contribute to the
support of the road, short of the Pacific. This has
been justly considered the most formidable drawback
to any enterprise of such magnitude that has ever
presented itself in the history of the world—this tim-
berless, mountainous, and desert region of from twelve
to fifteen or seventeen hundred miles. But
a recent discovery near the foot hills of the
Rocky Mountains, of a prime article of commerce
and cash, opens a mine of capital on the way. It
appears that there is no longer any doubt of the
existence of inexhaustible supplies of cannel coal near
the sources of the Nebraska or Platte river, which is
the route of the overland emigrants to California, via
the South-pass, "the Salt Lake, and the Great Basin.
The destitution of timber in the great plains, were
there no substitute for fuel, would render them incap•
able of settlement, even to cattle raisers ; for there
the snows are deep and the winters cold. The coal
supplies the fuel—it also supplies an article of trade
with the Mississippi river, and will thus contribute
to colonize the plains, and to 'the sale of the public
lands along the route to settlers, who will soon '
produce all the necessary provisions for the work!
men. It is known, also, that iron is found from the
frontiers of Missouri to the Rocky Mountains ; and
with the coal on hand, the means are on the ground
for the manufacture of the rails required. Of the
wonderful capacities of the Mormon valley of the
Salt Lake, the reports from that quarter would be
incredible if they were not all consistent. In a few
years more, at this rate, they will he able to raise
bread and cattle for the subsistence of 100,000 sou's.
Their valley is the half-way station on the great
central route ; and thus all fears on the score of pro-
visions for the workmen are obviated. With the road
finished to the Salt Lake, another important com-
mercial article comes into market—the article of salt.
It exists in the heavy brine of the great lake to
an inexhaustible capacity of supply; it exists in
crystaline formation at the bottom, and forms,
an incrustation of salt for a hundred miles
along its shores. Rock salt exists in the
surrounding mountains, and copper and gold.
But with the completion of a railroad, the New
Jerusalem will become a great place of resort to the
fashionable world, on account of its wonderful
natural curiosities, the singular salubrity of its
climate—the valley being 4,000 feet above the sea—
and particularly on account of the number and
variety of its medicinal springs. Such are some of
the intermediate advantages in favour of the construc-
tion of the Pacific railroad via the Platte, the South
Pass, and the Salt Lake Valley. The completion of
the work to the Sacramento will give the road the
exchanges between Europe, America and Asia. What
are a hundred millions to the consummation of such
a work ?
HORRIBLE MURDER IN ST. LOUIS—SEVERAL
PERSONS SHOT BY Two INSANE FRENCHMEN.—
ST. LOUIS, OCT. 30, 1849.—An awful tragedy oc-
curred last evening at Barnum's Hotel, the particulars
of which are as follows :—A few days since two young
French gentlemen, calling themselves Gonzales de
Montesque and Count Raimond de Montesque, arrived
in this city from Chicago, and took lodgings at Bar-
ium's Hotel, stating that they were on a hunting
excursion through the West. Nothing particular was
observed in their manner until last evening, when,.
about eleven o'clock, as Mr. Barnum, a nephew of the
proprietor, and J. J. Macomber, steward of the house,
were retiring to bed, one of the French gentlemen
cline to the window on the gallery and tapped lightly
on the same. Mr. Barnum pushed the curtain one
side, when the man outside fired a gun, the ball from
which passed through Mr. Barnum and two buckshot
lodged in the arm of Macomber. At the report of the
gun Mr. Albert Jones, a coach-maker, residing in
Third-street, but who had a room adjoining, rushed to
the door to see what was the difficulty. He had
scarcely passed the same when he received a shot,
which felled him to the floor, and he died in a few
moments after. A couple of gentlemen who had also
entered the gallery were struck with buckshot ; their
names were H. M. Henderson' wounded in the fore-
head, and W. H. Hubble, of Liberty, wounded in the
arm. The assassin was immediately pursued to his
room, where, after a desperate struggle, he was
secured. He is the younger of the two brothers.
Both of them were arrested, and affected to be insane.
Mr. Barnum is still living, but is very weak. A few
days since the same fellows made a similar attempt
on the landlord of a public-house at Alton, Illinois.

ST. Louis, OCT. 30, P. M.—Mr. Barnum is still
alive, but it is certain that he cannot recover. The
trunks of the French brothers were broken open this
morning, and letters found, showing them to be
Parisians of wealth and family. They also contained
some splendid accoutrements, and 4,500 dolls. in
German gold coin. They are evidently insane.
Both of them fired fatal shots. They refuse counsel,
and state that they will plead their own cause. Albert
Jones, who was shot, was buried this afternoon. He
was shot by an ounce ball and sixty-six large shot.
The Mayor has ordered a strong police force to pro-
tect the gaol. The other persons who were wounded
are doing well, and will, in all probability, recover.
(From the Pennsylvanian Inquirer.)
ADMIRALTY COURT.

JOSEPH ROBINSON V. THE BRIGINTINE COMPTESSE.
Before the lion. John K. Kane, Judge of the
above court.
In this case, R. P. Kane, proctor, and Thomas L.
Kane, clerk of the court, far one Joseph Robinson,
cook of the British brigantine Contest (erroneously
attached as the Comptesse), libelled and detained the
said vessel for wages, claimed to be due to the said
Joseph Robinson.
A protest was put in by the British Consul, stating
that the parties were both British subjects, and that
the dispute between them had arisen during a voyage
of the said vessel not yet completed, and therefore,
that he, the said Consul, as the representative of her
Britannic Majesty at the port of Philadelphia, did
respectfully, but at the same time most strongly pro-
test against the arrest and detention of the said vessel
and master, the said being done without his (the said
Consul's) sanction, and without any authority or
foundation in fact or law, and the matter in dispute
between the said parties being exclusively within the
jurisdiction of the British authorities.
Judge Kane, however, decided that the case was
within his, and not the Consul's jurisdiction, and
gave judgment accordingly. The case is in no wise
interesting or worthy of report, except as being
likely to give rise to grave discussion on the juris-
diction of American courts in cases between British
subjects, and whether in every dispute about wages
between the masters and crews of foreign vessels,
the case is to be settled as heretofore, by the
consuls of the countries to which the vessels re-
spectively belong, or whether such vessels are to be
attached, their voyages delayed, and the masters and
owners of them put to great and unnecessary trouble
and expense, for no apparent purpose but to put
fees into the pockets of a few lawyers.
We understand that the British Consul is about
to send oft' a representation of the case to Wash-
ington, and that he has requested his brother
consuls, now r,sident in Philathlphia, to meet him
at twelve o'clock to-day, in order to consider means
of putting a stop to proceedings so prejudical not
only to foreign shipowers, but seriouily so to the
foreign trade of Philadelphia.

THE ARCTIC OFFICERS.—The officers of the Royal
Artillery mess at Woolwich, entertained the officers of
her Majesty's ships Enterprise and Investigator, on
Tuesday evening. There were upwards of 50 present,
and the reception of the naval men was highly flattering.
The healthy of Sir James C. Ross, Captain Bird, and
the whole expedition, were proposed and drank with
three times three over again. Lieutenant M'Clure re-
turned thanks in a very good speech. "Ye mariners of
England" was beautifully chaunted by the whole of their
magnificent band, several of the officers lending their
vocal powers to swell the harmonious sound. This was
a treat to the officers of the expedition, who had heard no
music for so many months. Sir J. C. Ross and Captain
Bird were unavoidably absent.
SOCIETY OF ARTS.—The second meeting of the
Society of Arts for the present session was held last
night in the great room of the institution. A splendidly
bound copy of Mr. Pugiu's forthcoming work on
Floriated Ornament was presented to the Seeitty by
Mr. Bohn, the publisher, who received the cordial thanks
of the meeting for his donation. A very interesting
paper by Mr. H. 11. Russell was read, upon an improved
construction of suspension bridges, with a view to cheek
or prevent oscillation and vibration. The paper was
illustrated by a model upon a large scale, and by nu-
merous drawings. A discussion of considerable length
followed, in the course of which general approbation
was expressed of the principles suggested by Mr. Rus-
sell, to whom a vote of thanks was unanimously accorded.
At the next meeting of the society a paper is to be read
upon the History of the Society under the Presidency of
his Royal Highness Prince Albert.
JAMES MONTGOMERY, THE POET.—On Sunday
week our revered and much honoured townsman, Mr.
Montgomery, completed his 78 h year, and to cern-
memorate the event, and to raise a monument to his
fame, his friends and neighbours, Mr. and Mrs. Samuel
Mitchell, and the other residents at the Mount, invited
Mr. Montgomery, on Saturday afternoon last, to plant a
tree in the beautiful grounds belonging to that property.
A purple beech was selected, which, having been properly
planted, with suitable offerings ot affection and respect
to Mr. Montgomery, he acknowledged the compliment
by a short and pathetic address to his assembled friends.
—Sheffield Independent.

THE LONDON WEDNESDAY CONCERTS.
Mr. Stammers has made an engage meat for three
concerts with llerr Ernst, the celebrated violinist,
and he appeared last evening at Exeter Hall, for the
first time since his return from his recent continental
tour. The perfect mastery of Ernst orer his instru-
ment is now matter of European notoriety. It is no
slight or ordinary merit in an artist, that, by the ele-
vation of his style, the unerring truthfulness of his
creative impulses, the purity of his tone, the mingled
vigour, delicacy, and dexterity of his execution, the
SEW LIOUS feeling he infuses into even his least
regarded notes—in short, by a combination of
almost all the greatest and yet least familiar resources
of his art, he should have commanded the admiration
and carried away the deliberate verdict of the most
critical and accomplished audiences in Europe. But
when to these great gifts an artist holding this high
rank adds the not less difficult, though less honoured,
faculty of subduing his instrument to the expression
of the wildest and most bizarre fancies, the imitation
of the most extravagant sounds, of rendering it as com-
pletely the exponent of the grotesque and the humor-
ous, as, in other moods, it is of the imaginative and
the passionate----he presents a combination so rare and
difficult of accomplishment, as to entitle him to the
praise of something higher than mere talent, and
justify even an extravagant admiration. His first
solo, which disclosed some of his more re-
fined excellences, was evidently relished by
the audience, who certainly would have gladly
heard it again; but the second, the well known
Carnival de Venise, which affords scope for some of
his wildest and most fantastic escapades of humour,
was so rapturously re. demanded that he could not but
yield. In complying with the encore, he introduced
some other mechanical feats of surpassing cleverness
and dexterity. The Misses Cole, two young can-
didates for public favour, made a most favourable
deblit in the course of the evening. They sang a
duet—" The Swallow," a very characteristic compo-
sition by Kucken—so well as to command an unani-
mous encore.