The Sun.
London, England, 1822-04-24 00:00:00

REPORT ON NAVIGATION LAWS.
Ile SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES, mAitCri 15,X822
Mr. Kum, of New York, from the Committee on Foreign
Relations, presented the following Report ;,---
The Committee on Foreign Relations, to, whom were refer-
red the Memorial of R. Appleby and "others of the tolleton
District, South Carolina, and the Resolutions of the -Chamber -
of Commerce of the City of Baltimore; praying for -the repeal
of the laws closing the yorts of the' United States ag.ainst,Bri.,
tish vessels employed- in the trade between the United. State-4
and the British. Colonies in the West Indies; report— - ' '
That, referring to the period between the completion of the
Revolution and the adoption of the Constitution, it cannot be
doubted that the embarrassments of the agritulteire, trade, and
navigation of the several States were-truly. ascribed to the want
of power in Congress to make.adequate laws for their.eneeturage,
ment and protection ; and, no motive in faYour of the-adoption
of the Constitution was more strongly Or More generally felt
than the opinion, that the vesting of power to Congress to regu.;
late trade would serve to promote the welfare
,and prosperity of
the Union. * . - •
The new Government, under the Constitution, very soon ex-
perienced the influence created by the extraordinary changes
that were taking plaCe in France, and which, in the sequel, cit.:,
gaged all Europe in 'arms. '
War between the great Maritime powers invariably produces.
temporary relaxations of their laws respecting the trade and iia
vigation of foreign nations with their respective territories. The
suspension of these laws, and especially of such of them as
regulated the colonial trade, had the effect of giving tithe agri-
culture, trade, and navigation of the United States, the advan-
tages which would have been given to them by a system of free
trade, that should have for its basis the equal and reciprocal
benefit of allnations.
The condition of neutrality that was adopted by the United
States during the wars of the, French Revolution, sewed to
every commercial nation benefits which a peaceable and indus-
trious people are able to afford during periods of great public
calamity • and our example during these wars has served to
prove, that justice is the most profitable, as well as the wisest,
policy of nations.
Since the establishment of the general peace, some of the
maritime nations, notwithstanding the doubts that have been,
raised in regard to the truth of the former theories of trade,'
haVe returned to and resumed their ancient commercial policy ;
and, in consequence
_thereof, the .United States have, in their
own defence, been obliged to resort to the exercise of the
powers to regulate trade vested in Congress, for the purpose
of protecting and cherishing the industry and navigation of the.
States.
Great moderation has been observed by the United States on,
this subject, and persevering endeavours have been made to
adjust, by treaty, their commercial intercourse with foreign na-
tions, and especially with England.
So far 'as respects the English territories in Europe and in
Asia, the intercourse is arranged by the treaty of 1815; but
this treaty contains no provision concerning the navigation and
trade between the United States and the English Colonies in
the West Indies and North America. The value of this branch
of trade, and the importance of the navigation employed in the
same, have been long understood by both patties; and the actual
embarrassment thereof,* which .now exists, cannot be ascribed
to the want of a disposition on the part of, the United States to
have placed the same on a fair and friendly footing ; but it
continues to be insisted on by England, that not only the colo-
nial trade, but the trade between the United States and these
colonies, ought to be considered and regulated as a monopoly,
that foreign nations are bound to respect, and with which they
may not interfere,
The Act, commonly called the Navigation Act of England,
while it reserves.the colonial navigation exclusively to the ves-
sels; of England and her colonies, opens the trade between
England and foreign nations to the vessels of both, subject to
equal and the same regulations.
The colonial, like the coasting trade, has been treated as a
monopoly, so long as the same was confined to the navigation
between territories of the same nation ; but, whenever it may
suit the convenience of a nation to open a trade between her
colonies and a foreign nation, the claim to treat this claim as a
monopoly* without just authority, being contrary to the rights
of such foreign nation, which, 'Within its own dominions, must
possess authority to make such regulations as may be dcen:ed
expedient. .
It is an unwarrantable extension of national monopolies, by
ex varte laws to attempt to, include the navigation of a foreign
nation within the rules by which\ the navigation between por-
tions of the same nation is governed. ' If this may be done be-
tween'the colonies and a foreign nation, it may. also be done in
respect to the navigation between any other portion or the whole
of the territories of such nation and foreign nations.
England alloWs the importation of lumber and bread-stuffs
from the United States into the colony of Jamaica,' but forbids
the. same, unless the importation be made in English 'vessels ;
she also allows the importation of cotton and tobacco from the
United States into 'England, but with equal right she may for
the same, unless the importations 'be made in English ves-
sels. This has not been done in the latter case, and there
WOUldbe but one serail-tient in the United States, should it be
attempted—yet, in the former case this is; and has been the law
ever since the date of our independence, and it may, with equal
i right, be applied to Liverpool as to Jamaica.
After long enduranceand fruitless efforts to,adjust this ques-
tion by Treaty, CongresS with great Unanimity have passed
laws to countervail the restrictions imposed by England upon
the intercourse between the United States and her colonies in
the West Indies, ..
England having forbidden the importation of supplies from
the. United States_ into. her. West, India Colonies in American
vessels, the United States in their turn have forbidden the ex-
portation of these supplies in British vessels—the two restric-
tions have put an, end to the direct intercourse, and thetrade is
carried on indirectly-=the supplies for these Colonies being car-
ried in American vessels from the. United States, to,the Swedish
and Danish Islands, anti the produce of the English West In-
dies being brought in English vesSels: to the same Islands, and
there exchanged for the proyisions -and lumber of the United
States. American supplies are also sent in American vessels
to the free port Of Bermuda, and there sold tbr cash • and flour
in like manner is sent froth- the United States to the Island of
Cuba, as well as to the port of Liverpool, and from these places
Carried in English vessels to Jamaica, and other English Co-
lonies in the West Indies. In this condition of our navigation
and trade; our tonnage continues annually to increase, and the
value of our exports exceeds that of our. imports. '
In countries of great extent, and whose productions are va-
rious, though the people' are' generally employed in similar
' occupations, new regulations may for, a-time affect some 'por-
tions of the country more than others, but every, portion soon
accommodates itself to the new -regulation, ana thentiVatitages
and disadvantages are in a abort time certain to be equalized,
by theentire freedom with WhiCh* every branch of - indtlitl•y is
prosecuted. ..
It was on account of this diversity of produces, and of the
different manner of doing business n the several States, that
jealousies formerly existed • between then which defeated every
attempt to establish any 'common regulation of trade under the
confederation—the want of American tonnage Sufficient to
create the requisite competition 'in the exports Of 'the cduiltry,
added to the difficulties of thisperiod.
. „
'But as the national is now fully sufficient for the na-
tion al exports, and its VPae”-
have offered 10 all nation* a 5)1-
tern of entire equality and freedom in the commercial intercourse
between them and the United States, thelime'hait 'Otte iti
which it bas been thought to be due to the welfare and charac-
-ter of the United StateisJo'Countervail die regulatinns'iihiCh so
long and so mucl? to our disadvantage, bare been imposed by
tngland On the trade and hairigationbetiteen the Mita Mates
and her West lodia :Colonies. ' , .
Thii.tiattOnal measure, so long called for to protect the ships
end Seamen of the Unitskl States,.wes calculieted to Aviakin the
remnant pflocal jealousy that pay still gist INIFIOOS WS alaiPpt
the influence' of wEich'we *may wat'. iOnfldeuce appe,l4 t#the
character and necessity of the law. =' - -•' " ' -•- ' '
By the exclusion of English vessels, American vessels ere
employed in .their place, {lnd whatever is Ittacto Ow fovnier is
gained by the lttfer. By re'voltin;g* the coutiteriailible IMO; we
,take .away Ale profits wily enjoyed 14 -Asttieritsm•Veseele,' is'o'd

FROM THE LONDON GAZETTE, APRIL 23.

CARLTON MOUSE, APRIL 19, 1322.

This day the King was pleased to invest the Right Honour-
able Charles Marquis of Queensberry with the Ensigns of the
Most Ancient and Most Noble Order of the Thistle. •

CARLTON HOUSE, APRIL 19, 1822.
The King wa's this day pleased to confer the honour of
Knighthood upon Sir Jahleel Brenton, Bart. a Post Captain
in the Royal Navy, and a Knight Commander of the-Most
Honourable Military Ordct of the Bath.

Commissions signed by the Lord Lieutenant of the County .of
Monmouth.
Daniel Baker, Esq. to "be DePuty Lieutenant ; Watkia
George the younger, Esq. to be ditto.
Royal Monmouth Militia—Samuel Richard Bosanfpeti Esq•
to be Captain.

BANKRUPTCIES SUPERSEDED.
W. Penvold, headenhall-street, horseAdealer.
H. White, tiracechurch-street, merchant.
• BANKRUPTS.
V. Evans, Cirencester, Gloucestershire, corn. dealer, to' sur-
render April 20, 'at seven, 30, and June 4, at eleven, at the
Ram Inn, Cirencester. Attorney, Mr. J. Bevir, Cook's-court,
Lincoln's Inn.
C. Kent, Manchester, shopkeeper, May 16, 17, and June 4,
at three; at the Spread Eagle Inn, Manchester. Atteiriiies, Mr.
W. C. Chew, Manchester; and essrs.Adlington,Gregory; and
Faulkner, Bedforthrow.
J. Burr, Hales Owen, Shropshire, iron-master, May 13, at
five, 14, and June 4; at eleven at the Wheat Sheaf Inh,Bbwd-
ley, Worcestershire. Attornics, Messrs. Long- and Austen,
Holborn-court, Gray's Inn; and Messrs. Ilayes and Hinch-
eliffe Hales Owen. • - • • '
S. 'P. Holland, Worcester, hop-merchant, May 14, 15,•,and
June 4, at eleven, at the Star and. Garter Inn, Worcester.. At-
tornies Mr. Gillani, Worcester; and Messrs. Cardale, Bux-
ton, and Ferny, Gray's Inn. '
. J. Hirst, Awkley,• Yorkshire, iron-founder, May 6, at
an-en, 7, and June 4, at, ten, at the Guildhall, Doncaster.-
Attornies, Mr. Lever, ray's Inn-square ; and Mr, Fiiher.
Don caster.
A. J. Smith andJ. Shepherd, Brierley, Staffordshire, iron-
masters, May 14, at four, 15, and June 4, of ;eleven, -at the.
Wheat • Sheaf Inn, Bewdley, Worcestershire. Attornii:C,
Messrs: Tobke and Carr, Gray's Inn ; Mr, 14:13ark1i' Bir-
mingham ; and Mr. J. Robinson, Dudley.
J. Child, St. Ives, Huntingdonshire, boat-Wright, May 8,
at seven, and Jtine 4at twelve; at'the Crown' fin, St. Ives.
Attornies, Mr. T. E. Fisher, St; Ives ; and' 'Mr.; •R 'Ellis,
Chancery-lane. - • • •
E. Hafnium, Crown-court, Threadneedle-street, insuriinee-
broker, April 27, May 4, and June 4, •at twelve, at the Court
of Commissioners. • Attorney, Mr. Hutchison,-Crowmtourt.
Threadneedle-street. •
J. P. Fitinstone- NirolVerhamptbn, Strifthidshire,iron-master,
NI ay 10, 11, and June 4, at two, at thltnyal Miteh,
ham. Attoknies, Messrs. Ilieks•and Braikenridge Barlat's-
buildings, Holborn ; and mr: lleswiek, Birmingham. •
3. Coales,•Earlth, Huntingdonshire, liquor-inerchtint, >lay
8, at six; 9,-and 'June 4: at -ten*,' at the Croiiin Ives.-=-
Attopiirs, Mr. G. Day, St-Ives; and; Rlestrs., Lopg and
Austen Holborn-court., Gray's Inn. • ' • , •
P. Warren,'Wanninster; ineal,Man, 2, at
eleven, 3, at ten; and June 4, at eleven.:' at the Angel'
Warminster. Attornies, Messrs,•Lowden and litlder,'
rnent's Trui, Strand ; and Mr. J, Boor, 'W,arminster. o
• J. K. Smith, Farnhani,•Surrey; upholsterer, April 30,.MaY
7, and June 4, at twelve, at -the Court of .Cornmisticinerse.-
tornies, Messrs. Fisher and It Fiirnivarx
W. Fowler, April 39 Shi"y
4, and June 4, at one, at the Cotireof COnitntielonerit. tot
M-
et!, Messrs.Xisher and Munday, F.urnival't •.1.1o)
. •
DIVIDENDS:
May 10, W. •
Llehtlin, Leeds,,• A. O. llebdin, Parliament-
stre..et, Westniinster, tiA J. lliowrie, Sen.; Leeds,.
May' 14; J. Pwiell, Windior; tailetrz-NlaYl2o,' :Dix' trn,
•C. Lavater, and J: Caseyi Liierpoul, -merchanta4.?olay
1-4,' E. Jenkins, Ficlretstone, Glamorganshire,
30; it. Lnghon khd
-May Id; C. Coupland, jUn., 'Leeds,' R. 'and. F. CouflaEol,
Hunslet, Yorkshire, and E.'Coupland„. Saltbnl,. Laricatt*r.
spirit-merchants: L:May 17, W. H. Baldwin, Liverpool,. mcr-
ehant.--llay•14; (1. Seamim, Bishopsgate:Atyeet,liten:efaplin:-
May :14, 0. Pugh, Sheerness, linen-draper. • • ••
CERTIFIPAT4S.-'-MAT. 14.
}I. Tlellot, Manchester, cotton-manufacturer-R. Eggleston,
Great DrifAeld; York shire,4lthribii.--t.T. ' ch enth'is.
linildings; ,London wall; merchant--S.':Sterid., Hoa eisfaild.
coinfactor-lt. Jabet, Ilinninghan!, bookselier- .Terry,
Dont ABtet; Liverpivl,' mer Chant
ThOrpei•jiiii:,•Bath;linen-ara•OrW.
PfPO4'itr:*4'St. {tiles's, boot.--milier.• • • t -J. ,
PARTNERSIIII'S‘.DI*SQLYRP- . • •
J. J., and' c: `Tenant;hrokerw-W. Lock-
wood
and P. Carter; Liverpool,2,tlibitteonistia.riliennetie• W.
CartJidge,.tin4 Bo Cork, Burslem, k;aftbstislitr,
earthenware-manufacturers-1-1. Faikner and L.bMegiou.s• 1:4-
verPoOl, Yieeler arid' Ellis': Li verPM‘litritif
hav-marufacttiri*-W: sliWitWritt -I.Brveca,
southworth and J. 4u son? kod-
edsll'ire;MaltsteraP:Writkitis and J. Almiwinth,.ilikraewr,
tidleria=,J:'attl Stefiligo4 .NbtiirighitrWhatterk-Lb.lghe
and E. Terry, Rochester, grocers-B.l3aCklel
Liverpool, linen-drapers-,W. and .?..-Coucliman, 'Arojfitior-
' Oirt4itreet; enkili4eitz-` and .urea aleit',' Ylakluen-
la)* WoooWtree't; Stiaantati,
Nish -tape 4N1:51A-Itre'et; N.:tried aleintrcbint,i4-0-
:denUm,l"..layand J. Garrett, eictoril,:•lisi4tortc pa fa:is
itit thi•WA Y.'oa,rxett. ''s ' ' • • ' "