The Sun.
London, England, 1849-09-01 00:00:00

TO CORRESPONDENTS.

There is really no consideration for unfortunate editors.
Parties who will not take the trouble to look them-
selves to ascertain whether they are right or wrong in
their opinions, unhesitatingly write to " The Editor,"
declaring his statement to be all wrong, and requiring
explanations to account for the supposed error, when
the slightest investigation would show that no error
had been committed. A correspondent now writes to
us to say " that there is not a single word about mar- '
riage in the Act 9 Geo. IV., c. 31, as stated by us in a
recent article, and wishing to know what Act we refer
to." We beg to repeat that we were perfectly correct
in our reference. The 22d section of the Act which
we cited contains the enactments respecting bigamy,
in the very words which we quoted. We really must
request that our correspondents will be certain that an
error has been committed before they volunteer to
correct it, and intrude upon time already fully occupied.

Ttik; WEATHER.--SUN OFFICES
SEPT. 1.
THERMOMETER, Lowest, 57; Highest, 69; Noon, 65.
BAROMETER, 29.86.

Wind S.E.—Morning heavy rain ; Afternoon cloudy.

11Gli WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
Tam DAT —Morning, 59 min. after 12 I Evening, 20 min. after 1
10-Nfoxaow—Sfonnne, 40 min. after I Evening, 58 min. after 1

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zIV-Jenlintt 2int.
LONDON, SATURDAY. SEPTEMBER 1, 1849.

Altogether the intelligence received from India by
the last Overland Mail may be regarded as highly
satisfactory. A fter the annihilation of the Seikh power
by the splendid campaign, beginning with the ex-
ploits of EDWARDE3 and terminating with the victory
of Goojerat, tranquillity appears to have followed as
the inevitable consequence. Enhanced in the magni-
tude of its dominions by the acquisition of the spacious
and fruitful country of the five rivers, the British
Indian Government at Calcutta has found that acces-
sion of responsibilities insufficient to embarrass its
policy or to interfere.in any perceptible degree
with the vigour and promptitude of its ad-
ministration. The Punjaub is rapidly under-
going a complete re•organizstion ; and meanwhile
the guilt of the heinous crime which inaugurated the
last rebellion seems to be in a fair way of obtaining
due expiation. Indeed the prolonged trial of
Moo LRAJ, the ex-N izam of Moultan, must be regarded
as the most attractive, if not the most important, sub-
ject recorded in our dispatches from Hindostan.
Upon all the charges on which that Asiatic Prince
had been arraigned he has been formally pronounced
guilty, after his share in the offences com-
mitted had been laboriously and elaborately
scrutinized. For having aided and abetted
the murderers of AGNEW and ANDERSON—for
having been an accessory before the fact, by instigat-
ing his troops to their attack and assassination—for
having been an accessory after the fact by rewarding
the murderers—MooLaaa has been condemned to
death. Coupled, however, with the sentence is an
assurance that a recommendation to mercy shall be
forwarded to the Governor-General, on the ground
that the criminal was the victim of circumstances.
There is consequently every likelihood that the late
NIZ 131 will find himself subjected to the perpetual
loss of liberty, whether by transportation or impri-
sonment, as a commutation from the loss of his ex-
istence. All things considered, we cannot but
feel gratified that the magnificent successes
obtained by the valour of the veteran Gougatt will not,
in this instance, have been rendered only the antece-
dents to a bloody vengeance upon an opponent who,
while heroic in bravery, was induced to participate in
the atrocities of Ameer CHuND, simply as the "victim
of circumstances." As an additional evidence that
the massacre of AGNEW and ANDERSON was the
result of extravagant excitement rather than of an
execrable premeditation, it was demonstrated in the
course of the trial of AloorltA4 that the chieftain who
struck the first blow at the political agent was a man
habitually under the influence of drugs, and occa-
sionally liable to fits of insanity.
Together with the information received as to the
result of the arraignment of the ex- NIZAM of Moul-
tan, we have obtained also some brief but suggestive
hints as to the prospect of a thorough and rigorous
re-organization of the British Indian army by Sir
CHARLES NAPIER, the new Commander-in-Chief.
That distinguished disciplinarian has already set in
operation his scheme for the improvement of the
military service in Hindostan, some of which im-
provements, it will be vividly remembered, were
suggested by him to the Administration prior to his ap-
pointment as the successor of the Lord Viscount GOUGH.
In his masterly letter to Sir Jogs/ CAM HODHOUSEI
in his official capacity as President of the Board of
Control, Sir CHARLES inveighed in emphatic terms
upon the insufficiency of the arrangements generally
made in regard to the Baggage Corps in an Indian
campaign. As will be observed, this is no isolated
evil in the estimation of the conqueror of Sinde--
another of equal importance having strongly arrested
his attention. We mean that upon the existence of
which the Commander-in. Chief has repeatedly
before this expressed his opinion—that opinion
being that the British Indian army is miserably
under-officered. In proof of the accuracy of this
assertion, it is only necessary to point to the circum •
stances that in the regiments at Lahore in October,
1848, out of the 176 officers, exclusive of staff, who
were then receiving pay, no less than 65 were absent
from duty ; and that at Moultan at the same period,
out of the 154 officers, exclusive of staff, receiving
pay, 62 were in like manner absent—being a propor-
tion of 30 per cent. of absentees out of merely fifteen
regiments. Before Sir CHARLES
adventures
any innovation, he certainly demonstratesits
necessity beyond all denial ; nor can the most
fanatical aspirant for the wholesale reduction
of our armies gainsay the reasonableness of requiring
the due number of efficient officers on service, propor-
tioned to the number of regiments still maintained. A
continuance of the present system is, if you like, a
shameful squandering away of the public moneys.
Here, in truth, is field for improvement, and such a
field as will not long remain unoccupied while the ex-
Governor of Sinde has the supreme direction of the
army in Hindostan.

Among the remarkable rumours current at Cal-

cutta at the period of the starting of the last Overland
Mail for England, we may particularise that of the
probable appointment of Sir WILLIAM YARDLEY, the
Puisne Judge, as Chief Justice at Madras, in the
room of Sir EDWARD GAMBIER, although many
anticipate the possibility of his ultimately succeed-
ing Sir ERSKINE PERRY as Chief Justice of Bombay.
Another report of not less interest is to the effect
that the chief command of the forces at Bombay will,
in consequence of the resignation of Sir WILLOUGHBY
COTTON, be proffered in the first instance to Sir WIL-
LIAM GoMM, and in the event of that offer being refused,
several are disposed to anticipate the elevation of Sir
WALTER RALEIGH GILBERT to the appointment. A
more brilliant officer could not by any possibility be
selected for the occasion, and we are bold to assert
that there is not one single individual who would
have the temerity to deny that Sir WALTER GIL-
BERT has nobly merited such a reward by his evi-
dences of generalship and by his many daring
achievements.

When our Gracious QUEEN'S intention to visit her
Irish subjects was officially communicated to the Chief
Magistrate of the city of Dublin we hailed the an-
nouncement with the most joyous anticipations; we
then foreshadowed the right loyal and glorious recep-
tion which awaited her from that gallant and warm-
hearted people. Triumphantly have our anticipations
been fulfilled—never was more heartfelt homage paid
to monarch, never was loyalty and affection more
warmly manifested than in the enthusiastic welcome
which greeted her MAJESTY on touching the hospitable
shores of Ireland; and we felt assured her MAJESTY'S
Irish welcome will be long treasured amid her happiest
recollections. We looked upon her MAJESTY'S visit
to Ireland as calculated to be of the greatest moral,
social, and political importance; we believe the
advantages are already beginning to be felt by the
right thinking of both islands. The people of England
will see the absurdity of those slanderers who would
brand their Irish fellow-subjects as rebels; while
the people of Ireland will no longer think that they
are looked upon as " aliens in language, in religion,
and in blood," but will feel themselves children of
the same imperial family, under the protection of
British law, and equal sharers in the interest and af-
fection of a kind-hearted anduElff:chtaiovneabteeenMaoffneacrtcehd.
Deeply must our Gracious Q t
o
must have bdeeanndhecrrusemnbsalitniognsdy.
feel
toi wethatrfusElhyeu,
amid
retihgenecdrurribulme triumphantly in the hearts
of her good people of Ireland. How sublime and
glorious the spectacle to see the Queen of a free
people receive the homage of hearts purified by sorrow
and suffering. What a lesson to the despots of
Europe. Oh ! if they could but see that
chivalrous nation laying at the feet of
England's QUEEN the pure offering of a devoted
and unconditional loyalty, perhaps these despots would
then understand that the most impregnable ramparts
by which their thrones could be surrounded would be
" The hearts and hands of freeborn men."
The visit of her MAJESTY to Ireland has been marked
with a significance beyond the mere interchange of
kindly feeling between the SOVEREIGN and her sub•
jects. She has taught the bigots of Ireland a lesson
which, we trust, will not be lost upon them; she
has most pointedly indicated how that country is to
be governed in future—she has nobly rebuked the
-bigots who would still attempt to govern Ireland
through "a paltry faction"—she has sounded the
death-knell of a vile ascendancy, to which for cen-
turies might be traced all the miseries of Ireland.
Sectarianism has long been the curse of that ill-fated
land, vain was every attempt to improve the condition
of that suffering people, while the monster of religious
discord was encouraged and fostered, and with pain
are we obliged to express regret that the odious
principle of " Divide et Impera" was not, before this
happy visit of her MAJESTY, sufficiently discouraged ;
but the bigots themselves have effected their own
destruction, they made an attempt to delude the
QUEEN into an act of narrow partizanship, by asking
her MAJESTY to subscribe to an exclusive charity—
vile and blasphemous misnomer—to unite exclusive-
ness with holy charity, charity that should be free as
GOD'S own bounty ! that should "fall like the gentle
dews of Heaven" upon all Goes suffering children
alike ! Glory to VICTOBIA. for her noble
response to this paltry and impertinent ap-
plication. Her MAJESTY was asked to sub-
scribe to a charitable institution exclusively Pro-
testant, to which she replied—" Mr. ANSON is com-
manded by her MAJESTY to state, that she will not
subscribe to the funds of any charitable institution
which is exclusively Protestant." Never was wiser
resolution come to than that contained in Mr. AN-
SON'S short bat significant communication. The
charity itself may be most meritorious as far as it goes,
and there may be nothing unnatural, or even uncom-
mon, under ordinary circumstances, in a Protestant
Queen subscribing to a Protestant charity; but on her
first visit to a portion of her dominions, where unfor-
tunately religious differences have produced the most
ruinous and disastrous dissensions—in a land where
the blood shed in the mad and wicked struggle
of religious discord was yet scarcely dry
—it was the duty of her MAJESTY to
mark with her august condemnation any attempt to
make her a party in sustaining those principles of
exclusion and intolerance which have proved the bane
of Ireland, and have been the unceasing cause of strife
and blood for ages.

We are gratified to perceive that this refusal of
her MAJESTY was no transient ebullition of the mo-
ment, but the strong and marked indication of the
principles upon which that country is in future to be
governed. The principle is strongly enunciated and
carried out in a letter which we subjoin, addressed
by the Rag of CLARENDON to the Bishop of DOWN
and CONNOR, in transmitting a charitable donation to
an institution in Belfast.

"Viceregal Lodge, Aug. 25, 1849.

' "My Lord,—l beg herewith to— transmit a letter of
credit on the Provincial Bank for 3001, and in the alio.
cation of this sum I am most anxious that her Majesty's
name should not, even in the remotest manner, be mixed
up with political or sectarian discussions; and that no
interruption should take place of that harmony and
gocd will which characterised all parties during the recent
visit of the Queen, and which were so peculiarly gratify-
ing to her Majesty. I have accordingly to re quest that
your Lordship will have the goodness to pay this sum to
the Belfast General Hospital, which I have selected not
only as an institution which confers vast benefit on
suffering humanity, but as one which all classes in Bel-
fast unite in assisting; for I am informed that it received
nearly the whole of the public and private collections
made during her Majesty's visit to that city, proving
thereby the universal estimation in which this charity is
held by all classes aid creeds.
" I have the honour to be, my Lord,
" Your very faithful servant,
" CLARENDON.

" The Lord Bishop of Down and Connor."
Lord CLARENDON deserves the thanks of every
Christian and loyal subject for the wholesome prin•
ciples indicated by the spirit of this important letter.
Let us hope its wisdom and propriety will make a
deep impression upon those for whose benefit it was
intended ; let us hope that the glorious example set
by our QUEEN, and followed up by her able repre-
sentative, will be followed and re-echoed through the
length and breadth of the land. We must hear no
more of Orange processions or ribbon conspiracies.
The public press must do its duty—let it preach reli-
gious toleration to all—let its columns overflow with
lessons of peace and love. Let the good of all par-
ties unite in one glorious effort to raise their pros-
trate land. Let the bigots of all parties be boldly
told that the old notions of exclusiveness are obsolete;
that they are incompatible with the enlightened spirit
of the age; and, above all, let them understand the
glorious principles enunciated by our illustrious
SOVEREIGN, of equal laws without distinction of sect
or creed. Her motto is—