The Sun.
London, England, 1836-08-26 00:00:00

M. DE ItAITNE VAL.

(From the Constitutionnel.)
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M. de Rayneval's death has caused a great sensation in
atathme
a country
'l„..hich by its geographical position, and by the
scenes which ail
e now acting there, deserves all the solici-
tude of the Frenet Government.
By M. de Rayneve.
"s death there remains for the moment
but one Ambassador of high power at Madrid—Mr.
Vil-
liers, who represents Great Britain. The personal charac-
ter of the deceased diplo,".qatist contributes much to the
sensation excited by his dea,4ll, for he possessed to the
highest degree the qualities ana even the faults of his sta-
tion. Unlike so many men of our clay, who owe their ele-
vation to political chances, M. de Rayneval, from his youth,
went through the apprenticeship undergone by the ancient
diplomatists. Son of an ancient functionary-, he was at an
early age placed at the Ministere de l'lnterteur, and initia-
ted into the affairs ; he began his career under the Direc-
tory, and was successively attached to our embassies in
Sweden, Russia, and Portugal.
The first mission confided to him was a difficult one. He
was Charge d Affoires in Portugal, under Napoleon, aird
had to present at Lisbon the ultimatum which required the
exclusion of all British ships from the ports of the king-
dom, the arrest of the English, and confiscation of their
effects, as well as the reunion of the Portuguese to the
French and Spanish navies. This mision failed, in spite of
Napoleon's threat of sending an army to Portugal ; but M.
de Rayneval, on his return to Paris, obtained the approba'
tion of his Government, and received another equally diffi-
cult charge under Caulaincourt's 'Ministry, who sent hips
to St. Petersburgh as First Secretary of Legation. The
declaration of war in 1812 ended this mission. M. de
Rayneval's career became more brilliant at the re3toration.
He was first sent Consul General to London, doubtless to
reward the part taken by him at the Chatillon Confe-
rences. During the 100 days he did not side with Napoleon.
At the second Restoration he was made Secretary of the
Chancery at the Ministry of the Interior, and under M. de
Richelieu he became Under Secretary of State. Louis
XVIII. sent him as Minister Plenipotentiary to Berlin,
from whence he was sent to Switzerland as Ambassador.
He was recalled in 1828, to occupy momentarily the place
of Minister for Foreign Affairs, during the absence of M.
de la Ferronays. After the Revolution of July, M. de
Rayne val was one of the small number of diplomatists who
remained in place. He was soon intrusted with the bril-
liant, but difficult part, at Madrid ; there was some idea of
sending hint to Vienna, and replacing him at Madrid by M.
de Rumigny. The Cabinet attached too much importance
to his services to listen to his repeated entreaties to be re-
called from Madrid; where be expired.

IRELAND.

Dublin, August 24..

TRADES' UNlON.—There was a meeting of the Union
yesterday evening, at the Corn-Exchange, Mr. Holmes was
called to the Chair. Mr. Martin reported the progress of
the registry during the last registration. The Liberals..
gained a majority of 75, and they would have had many
more, as at the dose there were two hundred good notices
on the face of the books, but from the difficulty of persons
in some instances getting their landlords to pay the taxes
as per agreement, and in other instances of finding the tax-
men to pay them, for it was a fact that there was no such
thing as finding a tax-man daring the registration. The
Conservatives denied that they had so high a majority ; no
doubt there were eleven fifty-pound freeholders registered
that did not come before the registering Assistant-Barris-
ter, and Conservatives nine of them, which was certainty
more than would vote for them ; but even giving them the
nine, it would leave the Liberals still in a majority of sixty-
six. It was the intention of the Committee to put Mr.
O'Connell and Mr. Henry Grattan in nomination for the
city.
CENTRAL INDEPENDENT CLUB.—A meeting of the Re-
Ot.ration Committee was held on Monday evening, at the
club-•house, J. C. Egan, Esq., in the chair. Mr. O'Connor,
the Seeyetary to the Committee, stated that three sessions
had passe,: away since the formation of the Club, at each of
which the U)erals achieved a decided victory.
ORANGE ODYRAGES.—We have received from a cor-
respondent in Borris the particulars of a brutal outrage
committed by Orangenvn in the neighbourhood of that
town on the evening of the 15th. Some countrymen were
on their way home from the iir of Borris, when they were
attacked by a party who lay in ambush in a corn-field,
armed with pistols and a variety of other weapons. They
commenced the attach with stones, upon which the coun-
trymen fled, leaving one of their number, a man named
john Keogh, lying nearly dead on the road. He is so
dangerously wounded that little expectations are enter-
tained of his recovery. Four of the murderers are in cus-
tody.—Pilot.
one of the most animated scenes every witnessed. At
VICEREGAL TOUR.—On the 22d, Longford presented
about the middle of the day on Saturday, a report got into
circulation that the Lord Lieutenant would pass through
the town on this day. Immediately all hearts beat with
anxiety to do him honour, feeling that their friend and pro-
tector was approaching. A meeting wasl;popl immediately called
of the friends and advocates of civil and religious liberty.
sooTpe of Ig
llniE. CAMPAIGN
iouh IN YOUGHAL.—It appears that the
al and the surrounding parishes are on the
ed there with great vig,nur. A correspondent of
eve or a troublesome winter, as the tithe campaign has been
states that on 'l'harsday last, two
Hagerty and Wili;am Ronayne, were
brought into Youghal by the police, hcadeJ by a .‘ Rebel-
lion Commissioner," and lodged in gaol for tithes due to
jtptiollseotrS7ntleiet:ihne::?j.
011,1er ie
the Rev. James Hingston, the former rector of this parish.
What makes the case of those poor people tide more gal-
ling, is, that they were never served with any or,ier of law
whatsoever, nor have they a lease of their lands, which
latter circumstance should have saved them from an.;, de-
mand being made on them for tithes. The poor men hate
declared their total inability, as well as their disinclination,
to pay the odious impost ; consequently the law agent for
the plaintiff will have to
.transmit them to Dublin. The
poor fartoers in this and the surrounding parishes sleep out
of their houses, and have now formed a guard to keep watch
in the day time, so that timely notice may be given of the
approach of the police or "Rebellion Commissioners," and
thus give the poor people who may be subject to the de-
mands of those persons an oppoil,:lnitY of escaping.
QUEEN'S COUNTY.—In this co,`ntY, as we have before
remarked, the Orange system is actui:llYrevived. On the
19th of July, men were found factious er,,.'ugh to meet_
ant
pass resolutions for the formation of an OiNge Society,
under the poor disguise of The Queen's County Conser-
vative Association." If this band of conspirators Oe
wper-
mitted to organise an Orange Society, to beard the rt,pre.
sentative of Majesty, and to trample under feet both the la
of the land and the King's express command, we may expect
to see Ireland in a condition which even Lord Mulgrave'A
wice and good Government will he unable to tranquil ze.
On Saturday night, about half-past 11 o'clock, off the 1-it,iy
the
steamer,diit t c
Isle, the steamer Rapid ran foul of a small sloop called thn
'l,ielos"l.ocorepdalimroottstt
tihn
Squirrel, of Larne, loaded with quick lime, and bound for
ly
the sloop's crew were picked up and brought safely ea
lanlc.i.vbiTchwot%tvoo':l ,`,',lirtgionsvt.antril
board the Rapid ; hut' the remaining two, named Thomas
Mann and James Ross, the Master and Mate, could not be
found, and it is supposed they perished either by drowning,
or by suffocation, from the slaking of the lime. The men
in the beats kept pulling about the place, through the dark,
for upwards of half an hour, in the hope of finding them, but
in vain.. It is said that both of the unfortunate men hay('
left waves and families in Larne.—Pell]ut Neics Lvtler,

The important intelli— Renee from Madrid, of which
• we publish most ample and interesting details, has not
wine unexpectedly upon our readers. The Constitu-
tion of 1812 has been accepted by the Queen : its
proclamation through the provinces has been coin-
,
mended it is virtually the system of government in
operation throughout the entire country. It is impos-
sible wholly to separate from the consideration of any
political change the means by which it may have been
effected. To even the most sanguine admirers of the
Constitution of 1812, the scenes which accompanied
its uroclamation at La -Granja and Madrid must be a
source of deep regret and humiliation. The rude en-
try of a body
of drunken soldiers into the private apart-
anent of the Queen
Relent ; the extortion from her
•
fears of assent to all their demands ; the humbled con-
dition that obliged her to hold parley with the intru-
ders from whom she with difficulty escaped to Madrid;
all these throw a very gloomy colouring over the
proceedings at La Granja. The murder of Quesada,
the revolting circumstances, too, by which it was
accompanieu, have deeply stained the success of
the popular movement at Madrid. But, giving to all
-these circumstances the full weight to which they are
entitled ; allowing to them all the consideration with
which we know they will be invested.; condemning, and
deploring, as we most sincerely do, the scenes of the
14th, 1-sth, and 16th, they still cannot have the
slightest possible influence upon the validity of the
change that has been made in the form of the Spanish
Constitution. Le peuple le veut. We have waited
the details—not alone from Malaga, Cadiz, Seville,
and Saragossa—but those which we to-day publish
from Madrid and other parts of the country ; and from
these the fact seems incontestably proved that the pro-
clamation of the Constitution, no matter what the ulti-
mate object of that proceeding may have been, is the
act of the people. To us it seems that the proclama-
tion of the Constitution of 1812 was but the indica-
tion of a general, deep, and well-founded dissatis-
faction ; that it is not " a cry of revolt and revolution"
—a demand for the abolition of monarchical institu-
tions ; but that it was the natural expression of po-
pular feeling, first trifled with, then scoffed at, and
finally attempted to be trampled upon. But we
stop not to inquire of what it es the evidence, or of
what it is likely to be the harbinger. What we have
said before we repeat—that the Constitution of 1812
is not a system we think fitted for Spain, or, if set up
unmodified, destined to endure. It sprung Up out of
one of those convulsions which at once produces and
accounts for the heterogeneous compound of republican
and monarchical principles that are found standing
side by side in every chapter. To the enthusiasm of
the people it was necessary to make sacrifices greater
in extent than in a moment of tranquillity could be
yielded with safety to the Throne, while there were in-
terests engaged in the struggle for Spanish freedom
whose co-operation could only have been secured by the
yroclarnationof a system that opmed some prospect fcr
the establishment of a constitutional monarchy. The
Constitution of 1812 was framed with a view to
satisfy these conflicting powers—accepted by one as the
realization of their most sanguine hopes ; tolerated by
the other for the good it would effect in rallying .the
people round a common standard. But, whether that
Constitution be wise in its principles or prudent in its
provisions, it has been called for by the people. We
think they ought to, and we think they will, modify it
greatly—modify it so as to bring it into harmony with
the institutions of the other countries of Western Eu-
rope. Let their determination, however, be what it
may—let them modify their Constitution or establish it
with its wildest theories—it is for no third party to
step in between them and the accomplishment of their
wishes. No frivolous pretence that the Royal sanc-
tion was wrung from the Queen will justify an unholy
crusade against popular liberty. We care not ; it is
-wholly beside the question whether the Sovereign con-
sents voluntarily, or under duresse, to the wishes of her
subjects. It. will be sufficient for us if effect has been
given to the wishes of her subjects. The people of
England still boast of a charter wrung from the fears
of one tyrant ; the King of the French wields a sceptre
that was wrested from the hands of another. Do the
dreamers that call for intervention " to preserve order"
mean to tell us that the coercion of John, the expul-
sion of James, or Charles the Tenth, invalidate Magna
Charta, the Revolution of 1688, or the Charter of
1830 ?—Morning Chronicle.
The Ministerial prints have taken occasion from
what is called, in conformity, we suppose, with the
theatrical taste of Lord Mulgrave, " the opening of a
Roman Catholic Cathedral at Tuam," to glory and
gloat over the advanced and flourishing condition of
Popery, and to jeer and flout at what they call the de-
pressed condition of Protestantism in Ireland. Re-
volting and disgusting as this must be to every sincere
Protestant, it can surprise no one. The Prime Mi-
nister proposed to Parliament a measure, " for giving
a heavy blow and a great discouragement to Protes-
tantism" in Ireland. It was natural that the people in
his pay should speak on that hint, and insult the faith
of their ancestors, that they might curry favour with
the Treasury. In truth, we are astonished only that
they have not gone further, and declared that the reli-
gion of the Papists " is indestructible," and has "in-
trinsic superiority to Protestantism." One of the
prints in question uses these, very words, but puts
them into the mouths of Papists, adding, That for
itself, it repudiates them. Our readers will re-
collect hearing of a practice which is said to have
obtained in olden times in the King's Bench Pri-
son. When a Sheriff's officer, or an attorney made
his appearance there, some cowardly and cautious
knave would exclaim,—" Don't pump upon him."
We need hardly say that upon that hint the unlucky
limb of the law was under the pump, and drenched to
the skin, as soon as the most impatient repudintor of
Pumping could- desire. Such tricks are as common as
the thimble-rig itself. By the way, what do these
most intelligent instruments of an enlightened Govern-
ment mean by " the progress of Catholicism ?" We
thought that " for ever and a day," and " all the
world and his wife," and the like phrases were used only
in joke : vet here we have a more preposterously Para_
doxical expression palmed upon us with almost official
gravity. Having thus covertly stricken at Protes-
tantism itself, the Ministerial critique on the " open-
ing" of the Cathedral at Tuam intimates, that the
circumstance of Protestantism not having made
greater way in Ireland is the fault of that pea
of the Established Church which is settled ill that
country. The same complaint has been made) againstagainst
the missionaries of Christianity among the savages,
and with about as much reason in botl, cases ; for the
fault has been in each with those who wilfully and
obstinately blinded their eves to the light of truth :
while, with regard to the treatment of the of
the prey criers, the Irish have diared onlyp fromersons the
savage's, inasmuch as, whereas the savaes scaled
the Inlssicinarics, the Irish have murdered Protestant
parsons with greater barbarity—witness the case of
Mr. Houston. And yet the clergy are to ln the nambe blamed
of common sense, are the Irish clergy tt,
be reproached for not having worked miracles ?
dye
do not address ourselves to the ignorant or iniquitous
instruments of a Papist-ridden GoverP.Thent but to
our well-informed and single-mineded readers, of what-
ever sect of Protestantism, and. of whatever olitics,
investigation of the difficul-
when we entreat a patieri', p
ties with which the Irish Church has had to contend
in the perferman'ec of the difficult and dangerous la-
bour of plane,no- the pure faith of Protestantism in
this corm.pt soil of Popery. If during the period
which elapsed between the conquest of Ireland and
the Icign of Charles I. the Protestant teachers
had been able to gain tine ear of the benighted
peasantry of lreland, still the events of the Civil
Wars would have destroyed all the good work they
had achieved in that country. An armed Papist
population, .with a Pope's nuncio at their head,
offered a spectacle from which Luther himself
might have shrunk with despair—and it is no-
torious that the foul and atrocious massacre that
occurred immediately previous to the breaking out of
the unhappy troubles of the 17th century, at the de-
tails of which the heart even now sickens and the
blood runs cold ! had sosteelett the hearts of the inha-
bitants of. England and of Scotland against "tire
bloody Irish papists," as they were termed even in tire
Parliamentary proceedings, that the subjugation of
Ireland—not its conversion,--wholly occupied men's

\ thoughts for many years afterwards. The Papists be-
gan by expelling the Protestant clergy, who subsisted
on the charity of their English friends, or obtained,
like the celebrated Archbishop Usher, prefetment itl
commcmiam, in this country, until. the Papist rebels
should be put clown. A tedi,ons and terrible time
succeeded, and then who will look carefully at its
history, will see, that from the Restorati& until
the extinguishment of the hove! 'or 'tile Pretender,
the Church, like the St,,tt, 'could hardly maintain its
footing in Irela.t4. Thenceforward, until the Union,
and from the Union until now, the Church has
had equal difficulties to contend with ; and in proof
that it is neither to Protestantism nor its teachers that
the small progress of the Refolmett faith is to be at-
tributed, we point to the fact that, during the periods
we have mentioned, the Government of Great Britain
obtained no more willing allegiance than its religion
gained proselytes. For the present prospect, how dif-
fers it from the former ? Why, the " abolition of
tithes" is no more terrible to the Church, than the
" repeal of the Union" is to the Std.te—the Irish are
Do less anti-British than they arc anti-Protestant. We
lament, heartily lament, this truth, for we are sure
that the civilization, and the consequent temporal
prosperity of the Irish, can only be achieved by their
becomin, obedient and faithful subjects of the King
and we believe that the Church, of which that King
is the head, offers them a purer faith and altars less
defiled, than that over which the Bishop of Rome
presides.— Times.

A Correspondent of an Evening Paper, in reference
to
.the splendid subscription now raising under the
auspices of the Bishop of London, towards building
places of worship in the metropolis, suggests, that, as
well on the . score of expense, as with a view of in-
creasing devotion, these new churches shall not be fin:-
nished with organs. On every -ground but the first—.
that of expense—we believe this writer to.be under 4%
mistake, and still more so when he refers to Dissent-
ing chapels for a proof of his position. No one can
be an attendant on public worship in the principal and
most frequented churches of the metropolis, as St.
James, Westminster ; St. George, Hanover-square ;
the Marylebone Churches, and others, without bearing
testimony to the fact, that the improved Psalmody
there introduced, aided by the " pealing organs," has
had great influence in filling them, and' keeping
them full. We do not mean to insinuate that
' the majority of well-disposed religious people go to
church to have their cars pleased with musical notes ;
but that going there, with " the °Tering of prayer and
praise," they as naturally wish to have their devotion
heightened and enlivened by the aid of the musical
instrument so exclusively fitted for the church service,
as they are -anxious to hear the prayers well read and
the sermon impressively preached. Indeed, so essential
is this become in aid of the church service, that all
attempts to have an effectual psalmody without it have.
uniformly failed ; and it is notorious that in country
churches organs have for that reason been introduced
to an extent of late years never before contemplated,
and that not without a view of counteracting dissent.
We trust then that this Correspondent's advice will not
be taken. Should it be listened to, we feel persuaded
that its effect will be just the reverse of that which be
contemplates, and that we shall hear of the new
churches being deserted because there are no organs.—
Morning Herald.

The Mountaineer had just left the quay at Havre
on Tuesday morning, and bad proceeded about 100 yards,
when a gentleman, named Read, whose luggage was on board,
made his appearance, and finding that the packet had sailed,
engaged a French boat to row him alongside the vessel. The
wily Frenchmen, however, endearoured to impose upon their
passenger, by demanding more than the originally agreed fare ;
but they had the wrong person to deal with. Mr. Read re-
monstrated for a short time, when finding it useless, he leaped
into The sea and swam towards the packet. The Frenchmen
stared aghast. A rope was thrown out from the Mountaineer,
and Mr. Read was hauled into the vessel, with no loss except
that of his hat. —Brighton Gazette.
In reference to the recent appointment of Factory
Inspector of Mr. Stuart, the Hull Express says, Mr. Leonard
Horner bad succeeded to Mr. Rickards's district ; and Mr.
Stuart will, of course, succeed Mr. Horner.
Leamington, like its compeers, Cheltenham, liar-
rowgate, is now in full enjoyment of its season, being filled
with fashionable and distinguished company. The theatre,
under the management of Mr. C. Elliston, partakes of the
general gaiety. Mr. C. Mathews and Mr. Meadows have
been there for the last week, drawing very full houses. The
races commence early next month, when some very good sport
is expected, as several crack studs exist in the neighbourhood,
and the Hunters' Stakes are always well contested. The fol-
lowing are amongst the residents at this agreeable and healthy
Spa :—Lord and Lady Aylmer, Lord Combermere, Lord and
Lady Eastnor, Lady Dallas, Sir John and Lady Shelley,
Baron and Baronness Blucher, Chandos Leigh, Esq., and his
lady; and at the ball, at Elliston's Assembly Rooms, there
were upwards of 150 of the first families in the county.
About five o'clock on Saturday morning, an alarm-
ing and destructive fire broke out in the premises at the Perth
Road, at present occupied by the Messes. Miller, as a bake-
house and granaries. Nearly an hour elapsed before the en-
gines were in attendance, and the fire had gained such an as-
cendancy as defied for a time the utmost exertions of the fire-
men and others to make any head against it. In the short
space of two hours the whole building was a mass of ruins, the
roof having fallen in, carrying with it the grain deposited in
the upper flat, and it was only then that the flames were ef-
fectually checked. The loss will be very heavy. The pro-
perty was not insured, and as no less than eight hundred bolls
of grain were on the premises, the greater
part of which was
destroyed, Messrs. Miller must be sufferers to the extent of
1,0001. or 1,200/.—.Elinburgh Advertiser.
The quantity of Port Wine only to be sold, belong-
ing to the defunct Corporation of Newcastle, amounts to three
hundred and seventy dozen ! The members of the old Cor-
poration must he famous wine-bibbers. No mention is made
of their Sherry or other wines.
The approach of the shooting season haE Set all the
distinguished dog-stealers at work. Pointers and setters are
advertised in all quarters to be sold ; so that gentlemen who
have lost their dogs may have an opportunity of seeing them
again.

On the 2d instant a meeting of the Committee, for-
merly appointed to take measures for erectinr, a monument to
the memory of the late Duke of Gordon, was heldb at Kingussie.
Three subscriptions of 100/. each were announced at the
meeting, and we cannot doubt that a soffit:kilt sum will be
raised for the erection of a monument worthy of the merits of
the illustrious deceased.—Erin Courier.
GRAND DAHLIA SHOW.—Yesterday a splendid
competition among the dahlia-growers took place at the Colos-
seum, Regent's Park ; and the company, though not so nu-
merous as is usual on these occasions, was fashionable for the
season. The prizes, having beer, awarded to the successful
competitors, were distributed by Mr. Braham.
A German tp.;!chanic has constructed a music-stand,
which, by a slight pressure of the foot, turns over the leaves as
the performer proceeds. To performers on the violin the inven-
tion wail be very agreeable.
IMPORTANT INVENTION.—A free man of colour,
Henry Blair by name, has invented a machine called the corn-
planter, which is now exhibiting at the capital of Washington.
The Intelligence describes it as a very simple and ingenious
machine, which as moved by a horse, opens the furrows, drops
(at proper intervals, and in an exact and suitable quantity)
the corn as rapidly as a horse can draw a plough over the
ground. The inventor thinks it will save the labour of eight
men. He is about to make some alterations in it, to adapt it
to the planting of eotton.__Ncw York Paper.
There are ninety-four public-houses and one hun-
dred and.sixty-two beer-shops in Brighton.
EXTRA ORDINARY FATALITY.—On Saturday last,
alAd about 13 years of age, named Baker, in the employ of
Mr. G. Wigney, of Barcombe, had just done milking a cow,
when he was suddenly seized with a paralytic fit, and con-
veyed home in a state of insensibility. It is most extraordi-
nary that the grandfather of the lad, some years ago, fell
off a walnut-tree, and was killed. About two years ago, the
brother of the lad, a remarkably fine youth, about seven years
of age, was killed by a beam falling on his head, in a barn
which some workmen were pulling down. About six weeks
ago, the father of this lad, a most industrious man, whilst
employed in thatching a hay-stack, overreached himself, the
ladder upon which he was standing slipped away, he fell, and
broke his back. He still lives, contrary to the expectation "of
the medical men who attended him, but is bediidden, and his
lower extremities are entirely bereft of feeling or motion. The
wife of this poor man is now confined by her seventh or eighth
child, in the same house with her husband, and the lad who
was conveyed home on Cunday. The history of the sufferings
and sorrows of the poor forms a sad page in the annals of man-
kind.—,Brighton -Paper.
A letter from St. Petersburah, of August 6, says,
Two Persians lately passed throughAsliacar,on their way to
Moscow, for the purpose, it is said, of purchasing a machine
for spinning cotton, and also to study the means of establish-
ing a manufactory of woollen cloth, and to have workmen well
skilled in that manufacture. Thus Persia also is beginning to
think of founding manufactories to work up the -raw materials
produced in its own territory."—Journal de Pranifort, Au-
gust 22.

We lament to state the demise of the Ron. Arthur
Stanhope, who died at his house in Tylney-street, Mayfair, on
Wednesday afternoon. This highly-reepeeted Gentleman had
attained his eighty-fourth year. The poor have sustained a
great loss. The Earl of Chesterfield was sent for express on
Tuesday last. The deceased was uncle of the NAV, I,erd,
and his guardian during his minority. ,