The Sun.
London, England, 1822-08-28 00:00:00

WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 1822.

appears that CHOURSCHth PACHA had endeavoured to pene-
trate into Thessaly, at the head of an army, amounting to
nearly 60,000 men. It also states, that the Grecian General
ULYSSES, with 18,000 Greeks, after retreating to a proper
position, fought a battle, and gained a great victory ; 7000
Turks, amongst 'whom were three Paellas, were made'pri-
soners, and a still greater number is represented to have fallen
in the battle and in the pursuit. The Greek General was slain,
and CHOURSCIITD PACHA was reported to be one of the three
Paellas made prisoners. It is impossible to give entire credit
to such decisive events without farther confirmation, although
the Gentleman at Vienna, who sends the information, assures
his friend in London, that he may rely on its correctness, and
in no instance yet have his communications proved erroneous.
The letters from Smyrna are dated on the 17th ult. at which
time that place enjoyed undisturbed repose; they confirm the
accounts communicated a few days ago by The Chronicle of
the English merlof war refusing to interfere with the Grecian
blockade of places belonging to their cojentry, occupied by the
Turks. They also make no mention of the Turkish fleet, which
_must increase the doubts entertained of its having left the
Dardanelles.

Advices hive been received from Leghorn, dated on the 13th,
and from Genoa, dated on the 15th current. -At the latter
place a considerable advance has taken place in the value of
Piedmontese and Lombardy 'Wheat. India corn, rice, and
pulse, had also risen in price, in consequence of tile deficiency
in the Italian crops this harvest. Had the letters from Turkey
confirmed the closing of the Bosphorus, this intelligence would
have been important to the English agriculturists, as affording
them an opportunity of reaping benefit from their surplus
growth, but the Constantinople letters make no mention of the
communication with the Blak Sea having been interrupted.
There is however, at present, a good prospect of a demand for
British wheat from Spain, Italy, and tile South of France,
should these kingdoms not get supplied from other corn coun-
tries, where prices are 'cheaper than in England. A severe
winter will probably create an export demand in England, for
the supplies from the Black Sea are not expected to satisfy the
demand in the Mediterranean, and a vent will be found for the
bonded wheat now in granary, should the Baltic ports and
those in the North of Europe be early closed this season.
The letters from Bahia are to the 9th July. There was at
that time considerable alarm. All the towns are represented as
having declared for an independent Government, whilst the in-
habitants of the country wished to continue subject to the
mother-country. Much tumult and confusion were expected
in consequence of this difference of opinion on a subject so deep-
ly interesting to their future prosperity, and some even dreaded
that the result would be a civil war. -
The English Funds continue extremely heavy. Very little
business is doing in the Consols, for 31. 15s. per Cent. is con-
sidered very low interest for capital. Consols for the settle-
ment to-morrow remain at 8O 1, the principal speculators
preferring to job their accounts over to the 16th October, at
80, to an immediate settlement. The differences to-morrow
in the time bargains are expected to be smaller than ever
remembered, for there has, during the last month, been
scarcely any variation in prices. The Foreign Securities
acquire more interest amongst the monied classes daily, and
reflection adds increased confidence in their stability.—
They are all much in demand, both for the investment of
capital at a good rate of interest, and also for speculations in
the future improvement of their value. Should the beneficial
influences which all these Foreign Loans must produce in the
nations for which they have been contracted be followed by a
general freedom of commerce, England will soon not only draw
back her lent capital, in profits on foreign trade, but also doubly
increase her own prosperity and happiness, by having enabled
all the nations with which she is connected, to increase their
productive wealth so much as to render them capable or paying
for whatever their wants may require England to furnish them
with out of the industry of her people. This day's prices of
them, are as under—

French Five per Cent. with Div. from 22d March, Exch.
25 40.• 94.11.
Prussian Five per Cent. of 1818 in X. sterl. with Div. from
Ist April, 901.
Ditto, ditto, of 1822 in do. do. with Div. from Ist July, 87k.
Neapolitan Five per Cent. with Div. from Ist July, Exch.
440 and 25 65. 77.
Spanish Five per Cent. of 1820, with Div. from 30th April,
Exchange, '4
3.-6541.
Do. do. of 1821, in X. sterl. with Div. from Ist May, 644.
Danish Five per Cent. in X. sterl. with Div. from Ist July, 894.
Do. do. in banco marks, with Div. from Ist July, Exchange,
37 4. 86ti.
Russian Six per Cent. with Div. from lstJuly, Exch. 11i. 82.
Do. Five per Cent. metall. with Div. from Ist March, Exch.
3 1, 80 81.

Do. Five per Cent. in X. sterl. with Div. from Ist Sept. 85g.
Austrian Five per Cent. metall. with Div. from Ist June,
Exchange, 10 4. 80.

Colutiibian Six per Cent. in X. sterl. with Div. from Ist May,
Bfia:

Chilian Six per Cent. in X. sterl. with Div. from 3'Oth March,
841,.—(Morning Chronicle.)

From the LONDON GAZ ETT E of Aug. 27.

BANKRUPTCY SUPERSEDED.
W. Merle, jun., and T. R. Gregg, Watling-street, con-
fectioners:

BANKRUPTS.

T. Shilletoe, York, ironmonger, Sept. 6,9, and Oct. 8, at
ten, at the Sessions-house, Wakefield. Solicitors, Mr. Old-
royd, Dewsbury, Yorkshire; and 31r. Wiglesworth, Gray's-
inn-square. _ _ _

A. M. Taylor, Southampton, victualler, Sept. 7, 11, and
Oct. 8, at twelve, at the Guildhall, Southampton. Solicitors,
Mr. Barney, Southampton ; and Mr. Roe, Temple Chambers,
Fleet-street.

C. Parker, Colchester, Essex, merchant, Sept. 9, 10, and
Oct. 8, at ten, at the Angel Inn, Colchester. Solicitors, Messrs.
Sparling and Co., Colchester ; and Messrs. Stevens and Co.,
Little St. Thornas Apostle.
W. Tweddell, Tarrabv, Stanwix, Cumberland, common-
carrier, Sept. 17, 18, and Oct. 8, at eleven, at the Lion and
Lamb Inn, Carlisle. Solicitors, Mr. Clennell, Staple-inn ;
and Messrs. S. and G. Saul, Carlisle.
T. Hill. Thornbury, Gloucestershire, linen-draper, Sept. 7,
9, and Oct. 8, at twelve, at the Commercial Rooms, Corn.
street, Bristol. Solicitors, Messrs. Poole and Co., Gray's-inn-
square; and Mr. A. Livett, jun. Small-street, Bristol.

.. -
T. Poole, Heston, Middlesex, dealer, Aug. 31, Sept. 7, and
Oct. 8, at one, at the Court of Commissioners of Bankrupts,
Basinghall-street. Solicitor, Mr. Cathcart, Chancery-lane.
The Rev. T. Brain, Much-Wenlock, Shropshire, manufac-
turer of earthenware, Sept. 14, 21, and Oct. 8, at twelve, at the
Office of Mr. T. Jones, solicitor, Broad Eye, Stafford. Soli-
citors, Messrs. Dax: and Co., Guilford-street ; and Mr. Jones,
Staftbrd and Hanky.
DIVIDENDS.
Sept. 19. W. Ayton, of Macclesfield cotton-spinner.—Sept.
23, J. Riley, of Leicester, grocer.—Sept. 20, G. Frost, of Shef-
field, cheesemonger.—Sept. 18, J. Herington, of Fareham,
Hampshire, mercer.—Sept. 25, P. Marshall, of Scarborough,
grocer.—Sept. 17, W. Earle, of Church-street, Rotherhithe,
victualler.—Sept. 19, W. Tennant, of Liverpool, tailor.—Aug.
31, S. Mitchell, of Dorking, Surrey, linen-draper.—Aug. 31,
J. P. Ridout, of Bridport, Dorsetshire, linen-draper.—Sept.
18, W. Penrith, of Bath, linen-draper.—Sept. 20, C. Lloyd,
of Thetford, Norfolk, bookseller.—Sept. 19, J. Ford, of Glou-
cester, patent woollen yarn-manufacturer.
CERTIFICATES, SEPT. 17.
J. Dicker, of Crockernwell, Devonshire, innkeeper.—D.
Young, late of Leeds, merchant.—E. Vaughan, late of Mony-
thusloyne, Monmouthshire, apothecary.—J. Turner, of Praed-
street, Paddington, chinaman.—J. Saunders, of Holland..
street, and Bankside, Southwark, factor.—.J. Bothwell, of
Mortfield Bleachworks, Bolton, Lancashire, whitster.

PARTNERSHIPS DISSOLVED.
P. Golightly and R. Gowland, of Sunderland, coal-fitters.—
W. Tunnicliff and J. Tunnicliff, of Macclesfield, ironmong-
ers.—J. Gratton and J. Ward, of Chesterfield, mercers.—A.
Wood and J. Littlewood, of Sutton, Cheshire, hoot-makers.—
J. Atkinson, W. T. Fry, and R. Atkinson, of Friday-street,
warehouseman.—J. Peacock and M. Peacock, of Skerne,
Yorkshire, farmers.—J. Barter and 11. Barter, of Poole,. Dor-
setshire.—J. Priestley and J. Bawling, of Leeds, white-
smiths.—E. Dale, T. Backas, and :L. Sanderson, of Whitby,
carriers.

THE BISHOP OF LONDON'S CHARGE.

The perusal of the " Charge delivered to the
Clergy of the Diocese of London, at the Visita-
tion in July, IST!, by the Lo RD BISHOP of LoN.
DON," will afford a high gratification to,the friends
of the Established Church. Charge first
treats of that part of the Statute-law which re-
lates to the " Residence of the Clergy, and the
Maintenance of Stipendiary Curates ;" secondly,
of " the present state of Society, in its immediate
bearings on Religion ;" thirdly, of " the manner
of executing the duties attached to the Clergy's
parochial Charge ;" and,
_fourthly, of the main-
tenance of " that elevation of character which in
their situation can only be gained by wisdom,
piety, and virtue." The second division of the
Charge is on an extremely important subject, one
in which the mass of the public, as well as-
the members of the Established Church, must
feel deeply interested.—The Bishop of London
having dwelt at some length on the first head of
his Charge, proceeds—" From these matters of
discipline, I turn, (secondly) to a subject of
more general interest,—The present state of so-
ciety, in its immediate bearings on Religion.
We live at one of those remarkable periods,
which constitute eras in the history of the world.
For a series of years preceding the French Re-
volution, the diffusion of knowledge and cultiva-
tion of intellect in France, and the neighbouring
countries, exceeded in such a proportion the
countervailing powers of religion and morality,
that all competent judges, acquainted with the
state of society, agreed in opinion that soma
mighty convulsion was at hand. Of the disasters
which followed that dreadful event, and the
shock which it gave to the civil and religious in-
stitutions of the Continent, it is altogether super-
fluous to speak. But whilst the world was in-
, volved in confusion around us, this country, by
the blessing of PROVIDENCE, was not only pre-
' served from destruction, but rose to an eminence
of glory and power, which it had never attained
in former times. In reasoning on the causes of
this difference in our favour, we are justified, I
trust, in ascribing our safety to the quantity of
virtue and good sense produced in the country by
the free constitution of our government, the equal
administration of our laws, the principles which re-
gulate our seminaries for the education of youth,
and, above all, to the prevalence of a sound, a
pure, a reasonable Religion, dispensed and ad-
ministered by a body of Clergy, who, from their
external condition, and still more from their
learning and piety, have an influence on the
minds of the people, not, only through the me-
dium of their pastoral functions, but by the effect
of their writings,and the estimation which they bear
in the community. The immediate danger is now
past : but when we direct our attention to the
systematic culture of intellect introduced in the

course of a few years among all classes, we can-
not but feel an anxiety lest the balance of socie-
ty should suffer disturbance from this sudden in.
crease of its momentum. In proportion as these
additional energies imparted to the mass of the
people are under the direction of good principles,
they will give stability to the Government, ad-
vance the cause of religion and morals, and con-
tribute to the general advantage.' But there is
no necessary connection between knowledge and
goodness, between the possession of intellectual
power, and a disposition to apply it to its proper
ends. Its legitiniate use may exalt us to heights
of civilization and happiness, as much above our
present condition, as that condition excels the
state of society at the commencement of the 15th
century; its abuse may be fatal to our existing esta-
blishments, may demolish the bulwarks of strength
and security, erected by the wisdom of our an-
cestors, and consolidated during a succession of
ages, by their continued labours. The enemies
of religion and order are so well aware of these
consequences, that, while they profess an earnest
desire to enlighten the people, they encourage
that mode of instruction alone which instils no
-fixed principles of religion, no preference to any
form of worship. It therefore must be our ob-
ject, on the other hand, to maintain the propor,
tion which should always exist between the ac-
tive powers of the public mind, and the controul
and direction of theiy exercise by the operation
of moral causes. And this we must do, not by
discouraging the acquisition of knowledge, or the
cultivation of understanding, among the lower
orders, but by taking effectual methods to supply
their minds with just notions of their duty to-
wards God and man, and place them under the

habitual direction of sound principles and good
feelings. I need not inform you, my Reverend
Brethren, that this is our peculiar province, and
that the filial attachment, which is manifested by
so many wise and virtuous persons, to the Church
and the Clergy, is founded in a rational persua-
sion of the superior excellence of our national
faith and worship, and of the benefits derived to
the country from the ability and zeal of its Mi-
nisters. I have adverted above to the influence of
the Clergy as one of the principal causes which
insured the safety of the nation, amidst the ex-
tremes of confusion and anarchy which agitated
the neighbouring countries; and I cannot but think

that any material diminution of thdt influence,
which is essential to the success of their exertions,
and of course still more its extinction, would
produce, at no great distance of time, the most
injurious consequences both to the Church and
State. Their weight in society of course will depend
on the estimation in which their character is held,
and on the manner in which they discharge their
duties.--puis Lordship's own italics.]—Allow me
me to call your attention to these two points.—

The Laity have a right to expect that the attain-
ments, in learning and piety, of the Clergy, con-

sidered as a body, should rise, at the least, above
the ordinary level of other classes of society.—
Such comparative excellence, I believe, to have
been found in every country where the discipline
or doctrine of the Church has been maintained in
tolerable purity. I even think it essential to the
continued existence of any religious establish-
ment. It was one of the most efficient causes of
that respect for the sacred order, which occa-
sioned their gradual advance in riches and power,
and was long retained amidst gross abuses of
both, in the middle ages. If, in that period of
darkness, ecclesiastics were licentious and illi-
terate, the body of the people was still more
deeply immersed in vice and ignorance. It is
true, that the scandal occasioned by the remiss-
ness of discipline, and the immoralities which
infected the Church, undermined by degrees the
foundations of the ecclesiastical power, and at
length brought about the Reformation. Yet it
does not appear that the clergy in that day were
less respectable in attainments or morals than in se-
veral preceding centuries. The number of eccle-
siastics distinguished by learning and sanctity who
respectively supported the Reformation, or ad-
hered to the Church of Rome, abundantly proves
the contrary. But of the general improvement
which took place in society at the revival of let-
ters, the largest proportion had fallen to the share
of the Laity ; the Clergy, from various causes,
were not benefitted in an equal degree : and from
this alteration in their relative circumstances,
and its effect on the feelings of the public, they
necessarily lost the ascendancy, which had been
preserved without difficulty by their less merito-
rious predecessors in a darker age. In referring
to these historical facts, it is simply my object
to urge the ~necessity of maintaining our proper
position in relation to the -mass of society ; to
press the important truth, that, if other classes
advance in knowledge, intelligence, virtue, and
piety,and the Clergy, whatever are their positive
merits in all these respects, continue stationary,
they are placed on a different level in regard to
their flocks, and will suffer a proportionate loss
in their credit and weight With the public, and
consequently in their professional utility. It is
incumbent on us to advance with the progress of
the times ; and every individual should act as if
the whole interests of religion depended on his
personal character, and the faithful exertion of
his powers within his allotted sphere. 'ln all ranks
of society are numbers of persons who are quali-
fied to judge of our learning, of the soundness of
our doctrine, and the efficiency of our instructions,
and who regard with disg-usts vett the slightest inat-
tention to duty, or impropriety of moral conduct.
And far be it from us to consider this as an evil.
If such conscientious censors had the direction of
public opinion, their honest inspection would be
of the greatest advantage to all classes of men,
and, without offence be it said, to the Clergy.--
But where knowledge is extensively spread, the
power it gives will be often exerted detriment-
ally. Even the spirit of piety will sometimes act
on erroneous views; will be found in combina-
tion with attachment to party, which gives an ob-
liquity to its motions, or defeat its own inten-
tions by an alliance with enthusiasm or folly. It
is not easy to calculate the multiplied difficulties
which, from these and similar causes, increase on
the Clergyman, as the world advances in know-
ledge, and create a corresponding necessity of ,
discretion in his conduct, and energy in the dis-
charge of his duties. There have, perhaps, been
times in the Church, when reverence to official
station might protect the infirmity, or throw a
veil over the failings of the Minister : but now,
when he is subjected at every step to the scru-
tiny of inquisitive malice; when opposition is
created to his honest endeavours to be useful,
from so many various causes ; when the esta-
blishment of a School, or the enlargement of
a Church, is resisted by one man from some
wretched political prejudice, by another through
caprice or perverseness, and by a third in resent-
ment for some fancied neglect, which disposes him
to mortify the pastor in the tenderest point bide-
feating his schemes for the benefit of his flock, we
see how great is the necessity of the utmost assist-
ance which personal qualifications can lend to
his sacred function. But if the Minister has
on the one side to contend with the opposition of
adversaries, he is assailed on the other by the in-
judicious zeal of real or apparent friends; who,
pursuing beneficial objects without due regard to
the means which they employ, or sacrificing ge-
neral principles to the prospect of.some imme-
diate good, are disposed to accuse him of indif-
ference, or bigotted attachment to forms, if,
through regard to good order or apprehension of
distant consequences, he refuses to co-operate in
their favourite schemes. In the midst of these
difficulties our only real security will be found in
a fixed resolution to act in every instance on de-
liberate views of duty, and a sincere and sober
love of truth, under a controliing sense of that
Supreme Authority, from which we derive our
commission, as the guides and teachers of our
brethren. The natural tendency of these prin.
ciples to enlighten and tranquillize the mind, af-
fords the strongest of safe-guards as well against
error and indiscretion (more frequently the effects
of some undue bias on the affections, than of na-
tural weakness of judgment) as against the trans-
ports of passion, which irritate, offend, and dis-
gust, and produce lasting resentments and divi-
sions. A Clergyman who acts on these motives
will have the advantage of moving with authority,
dignity, and freedom ; he will retain his influence
over his friends, though he may refuse compliance
with their prejudices ; he will treat the gainsayer
with kindness, whilst he exposes the unsoundness
of his principles; and will show courtesy and friend-
liness to the dissenter, without being supposed to

Pi is SEVENPENCt.

approve his errors. The general rule of his pro.
ceedings will be, to " overcome evil with good,"
by conciliation to all men, as far as it is consists
ent with the interests of truth, and that enlight-
ened attachment which he feels to the Church,
from a thorough persuasion that the best interests
of religion are concerned in its stability, and that
no particular advantage which can be expected
from popular favour, or the exertions of irregular
piety, would counterbalance the evils arising
from the neglect of its discipline and ordinances,
or the diminution of its salutary influence. This,
I conceive, is the genuine liberality which is the
grace and ornament of the true Christian ; a
virtue, as far removed from indifference, as from
the contentious spirit which
,assumes the disgu:,?.,
of zeal. The sentiment misnamed
which looks with equal approbation on every sect
that professes Christianity, is, in its most inno-
cent form, a low and contemptible vanity ; it is
more frequently, perhaps, a profligate indiffer-
ence to religion, or insidious hostility intending
its ruin, by depressing the Established Church.
But true liberality is firm iu its own principles,
while it looks with indulgence on the mistaken
views of others ; and never approaches so near
to perfection, as in union with zeal, under the
direction of charity and prudence. It would ill
deserve the character of a Christian virtue, if it
could lend its countenance, however indirectly,
to error or falsehood, or shrink from the defence
of truth."