The Sun.
London, England, 1838-10-15 00:00:00

with any country in Europe. But whatever
may be the true answer to the suppositions we
have adverted to, the fact is, that those laws
in the cases pointed out, enrich foreigners with-
out our getting a full equivalent for what they
receive from us,, and they diminish the market
for our agricultural produce, by making our shipping
and our colonies draw supplies of biscuit and other
provisions from the Continent of Europe. These
are facts ; the assertion that the Corn-laws actually
extend the market for our agricultural produce, is
an .hypothesis unsusceptible of proof.
We have been supplied with one or two more il-
lustrations of the effects of these laws, but we shall re-
serve them for a second article.

Our Exeter Correspondent adverts to the rebuke
administered -by the Bishop of EXETER to the Rev.
Mr. HEAD, at Honiton, on Tuesday. We have read
the report of the proceedings as contained in Wool►ner's
Exeter Gazette, in which the letters between the par-

ties are incorporated, and we are bound to say that the
Bishop of EXETER has completely triumphed over
Mr. HEAD, who cuts a most sorry and even pitiable
figure as he stands beneath the severe castigation of
the imperious Bishop. Mr. HEAD is obviously at
war with himself on account of his reading and his
interpretation of the Scriptures, and of his ordination
vows. The Bishop is too self-satisfied to have any
such quarrel with himself. He seems to cast aside
the Bible and to stick solely and exclusively to
the Rubric and the Book of Common Prayer.
With these in his hand he marches strait to his
object, and crushes all doubts and all differences in
which a student of the Scriptures may find himself in-
volved. The oath of conformity exacted from the Es-
tablished Clergy is the Bishop's strong arm. Such a
dilemma as that in which the Bev. Mr. HEAD has
placed himself, will, we should hope, have the effect
of making the clergy inquire and reflect before they
make vows and swear oaths which a conscientious
study of the Bib!e may not allow them to observe.
As long as they take those oaths, they will be like
Mr. HEAD, at the mercy of any imperious Bishop.

The Chronicle of this morning contains the follow

ing
"Tire Standard has put himself out of Court. His ar-
ticles en Irish .affairs are a jest even in the C katon Club,
and are generally, indeed universally, a,,cribed to a monoma-
nia, the origin of which, were it worth while, it would not
be extremely difficult to trace. But mad as our Contem-
porary is upon this subject, it would be a greater madness
still to undertake the task of daily exposing his nightly
aberrations. For some time we have ceased to do so, and
we shall observe the same line of conduct until we discover
some symptoms of returning reason, or, at least, until we
find him in the enjoyment of a lucid interval."
At length, then, our Contemporary has opened his
eyes to a fact which we have before adverted to, and
which has long been known to every newspaper reader,
except the poor ultra-Protestant bigots, whose dark
and malignant hatred of their Catholic fellow subjects
blinds them to the most obvious truths, and makes
them the poor tools of a half madman. But
while the Chronicle is driven to acknowledge the
palpable monomania of the Standard, it continues
to have a hankering after the pleasant task of pouring
water into the monomanist's sieve. For many months
it has daily drawn public attention to the nightly aber-
rations of madness, and made the world suppose that
what was worthy of so much refutation must have
some foundation in reason and in truth. The Chronicle
has kept the Standard before the public, by making it
the butt of its own wit, and seems almost to regret the
discovery of a disease which will compel the Chronicle
to exercise its own reason more, and its powers of ra-
tiocination less.

We are glad to find from the letter of a Corres-
spondent, inserted in another part of the paper, that the
Custom-house authorities begin to show some more
attention to the convenience of the crowds of passen-
gers that arrive here daily from foreign countries. We
are willing to believe that it was only necessary to re-
present the grievance in the proper quarter in order to
have it abated. We wish we could say the same of the
authorities that preside over the General Post-office,
hut impression, too, may be made on them ; and not-
withstanding the proverbial dread of change, and the
foolish clamours of the Agnewites, we expect to see
the same system adopted in the capital that is adopted
in every civilized country, and in every other place but
Loudon, throughout the United Kingdom. Speedy
communication is in many instances not only an act of
n..Tessity, but of mercy.

By the packet ship Gladiator, which has arrived at
Dover from New York, we have received a file of
New Yoik Papers to the 20,h ult.—six days later
th.ln the American Journals received on Saturday.
They bring no political news of any European inte-
rest. The advice from the whole of North Alabama
represent the cotton crop as having failed in that
quarter, owing to excessive drought. The grain crops,
on the contrary, were abundant—more so than they
had been any season during the last seven years. In
every part of the United States, the wheat and corn
crops are represented as exceedingly plentiful. This
will serve to counterbalance the losses sustained by the
partial failure of the cotton crops.
Rumours were in circulation, that on the Ist ult.
some fiends in human form had thrice deliberately at-
tempted to fire the city of New Orleans, and had suc-
ceeded in destroying some warehouses before they
were discovered. They were discovered, seized, and
imprisoned, which is all that we find stated concerning
them.

The New York Courier and Inquirer has the fol
lowing account of the state of business in New Or
leans on the 10th ult.:—

For hours in the forenoon, the business streets of New
Orleans present considerable animation, and are tolerably
crowded. Never, within our recollection, has there been a
month of September in New Orleans, exhibiting such a
show of out-door business as the present one.
During the last fortnight there have been several sales,
by auction, of real estates and slaves in this city.
In good truth, the prudent and industrious man of busi-
ness can see little cause for despondency in the prospect
before him. The coming crops in Louisiana are of greater
promise than ever was held out in any former year. The
United States have about eight millions of land at auction ;
and should one-fourth, or even one-eighth, be bought and
settled, there will be a great addition to the stock of pro-
duce on which this trade and profits of New Orleans are
based.

Before the coming business season shall have closed, our
merchants may hope to see their intercourse with the ports
of Mexico re-established, as it is probable that Louis
Philippe's arguments will soon be strong enough to convince
President Bustarnente. With the increasing population
and agricultural productions of Texas, the commerce of
New Orleans will also find its account, and there is every
reason to believe that the people between the Sabine and
the Rio Grande del Norte, are destined to go a-head as
fast as any part of the valley of the Mississippi.
The reported failure of corn crops in this country
has already, it a 'Tears, exercised a considerable in-
fluence upon the flour market in several States of the
Union. The Baltimore Chronicle of the 19th ult.
thus notices this circumstance :
The advices from Europe, we are inclined to think will
be found, upon examination, scarcely sufficiently conclusive
to justify the grant advance in flour which has taken place
in the eastern markets. Should the crops in England really
fail, there can be little doubt that bread stuffs will be re-
quired from abroad, but of this failure there is as yet hardly
sufficient evidence.. The shortness of the corn and pot atoe
crops will, however, in all probability, create such a domes-
tic demand for wheat flour as to render the domestic mar-
ket quite as attractive as the foreign. Should this be the
case,
the export of: wheat now apprehended by many deal-
ers will not be likely to take place.

The Indians are again astir. Though the estimated
cost of the late " Black Hawk," or Indian war, is

equal to twenty millions of dollars, the frontier dis-
plays symptoms of preparations for a renewal of hos-
tilities on the part of the Aborigines. Several able
publicists condemn the policy of the United States'
Government in driving the Indians all in one direc-
tion, where they must necessarily assemble in large
bodies, and talk over the wrongs of their respective
tribes. Not a week passes in which they are not
guilty of some atrocity against the " pale-faces" on
the frontier. A large body of them had left the
Sabine, where a location had been assigned them
by the United States, and taken up their resi-
dence in Texas. General HousToN had requested
the Governor of Fort Jessup to send him some pieces
of artillery, and was making preparations for driving
the Indians back to the territory assigned them by the

late treaty.
The Governor of the State of Maine has appointed

three Commissioners for surveying and running the
north boundary line. The authorities of New Bruns-
wick have resolved to offer no interruption to the
survey, but to oppose any attempt at possession of
the lands, which they claim as belonging to the British
Crown.

The following extracts include the latest news from

the Canadas
MONTREAL, SEPT. B.—A man of the name of Harkins
has been committed to gaol at Three Rivers, for tampering
with some of her Majesty's troops stationed at that place,
and endeavourinz, to seduce them from their allegiance.
" Too much praise," rays our corn spoudent, " cannot be
given to the young man of the King's Dragoon Guards,
who, true to his colours, refused the golden bait, and gave
prompt information to his superior officer of the insidious
attempts made by Harkins to induce him to desert his
colours." Harkins will be tried, it is said, at the Criminal
Term of the Court of King's Bench, which sits at Three
Rivers on the 13th instant.

It is stated in x postscript in the Niagara Chronicle tha,
the whole of the S ate pri-oners under sentence of death ai
the gaol o! tat place have been respired till tile first day
October next.

TORONTO? SEPT. 7.—We are sorry to announce that
the Barracks prepared for the 43d regiment at Drummond-
ville, were burned down on Tuesday evening, it is said one
hour after delivery by the contractor. No official report
has yet been r c,,ived at the Government office, but it is a
melancholy truth that the barracks are burned, and rumour
assigns the act to an incendiary.
_

The Canadian Papers are mainly occupied with
discussions respecting the merits of a plan of a new
Constitution fur the North American Provinces, which
is said to have originated with Lord DURHAM, We
have not seen it ; hut in the City article of our Con-
temporary, the Times of this inJrning, it is described as
follows

The proposition was, that each of the federate provinces,
that is, Upper and Lower Canada, New Brunswick, Nova
Scotia, Newfoundland, and Prince Edward's Island, should
retain their own local legislatures as at presented consti-
tuted, with the exception of the Legislatite Council or
Upper Chamber, which was to be abolished, for the des-
spatch of all affairs purely of a local nature, and that a Cen-
tral Congress should be instituted, to me: t at Quebec,
composed of Deputies from each of the provinces, in order
to deliberate upon and cruet such laws as concerned the
general weal of the federation—this Congress likewise
to be composed of one House of Assembly only, with-
out other check than an executive council then, as now,
to assist the Governor in the examination of legslative
acts. So far this scheme is sufficiently intelligible. The
most remarkable feature of the whole project is that by
which each province is likewise to be represented by Mem-
bers duly chosen in the Imperial Parliament. If this prin-
ciple be admitted, a cert tin complication, if not confusion, of
powers and interests will be almost inevitable. The autho-
rity of the Governor and Executive will be impaired, and
to the extent disregarded by the Congress, because the
right of veto reserved to them becomes scarcely more than
a nudity when subjected to the direct control and continual
interference of a Legislature in the parent country, par-
tially composed of the same ingredients as the local Le-
gislature, to which, in the exercise of a delegated trust,
they might become obnoxious by opposition to their acts.
We subjoin from the New Commercial Intelligencer
the state of the money market fur the three days pre-
vious to the sailing of the Gladiator for Europe.
When the season of the year is considered, it must be
admitted that the commercial aspect of the United
States is, upon the whole, very favourable.
MONEY MARKET, STOCKS, &c.

CITY, SEPT. 17.—The amount of business done in the
Stock Market to-dny has been exceedingly limited, and
prices indicate less firmness. No United States Bank or
Szonington Railroad Shares wen! offered at th• Board this

morning.
There have been s Iles of 1,000 dollars, five per cent.
notes at -I per cent. discount, and of :3,000 dollars, six per
cent. notes at I per cent. premium.
The Flour and Grain Market is looking up. Flour fair
to good Western sold at 9 dollars to-day. Rye 1,064
to 1,12 1-2 dollars per bushel. In Corn and Wheat no es-
sential change to notice.
We learn from the Rochester Democrat of Friday, that
Wheat has take n a sudden rise, and was sold iu that market
the day previous, at 1,69 to 1,75 dollars per bushel. It
seems, hovvev r, that the country towns go a-head of even
this, Wheat being sold at Mcndon, oa the 13th inst. at
1,81 dolla! s per bushel.
The business at New Orleans for the week preceding the
Bth inst. had been considerab:y inactive, as is usually the
case during the summer mouth .e The Presidents of the
several Banks had held a meeting upon the subject of a re-
sumption of specie payments, but had not determined upon
any particular course. The new crops of cotton had com-
menced coming in, and business in old was extremely li-
mited, but at former prices. Exchange on New Volk con-
tinued at 5 a 6 per cent. premium.
We learn from the Nashville Banner of the 6th inst.
that the pressure in the Money Market there continues to
increase. The most undoubted notes and bills cannot be
cashed out of doors at a less discount than from one and a
half to two per cent. per month.
The Nashville IVhig of the 7th inst. says :
Exchange on the East .s down to six per cent. out of
doors. Messrs. J. and R. Yateman and Co. are checking
on the Bank of the United States at that rate, and the de-
mand being limited, it is probable the Banks will also come
down in a few days ; at all events, they should not permit
checks on " the monster" to be sold at two per cent. lower
than their own rates at their very doors.
Alabama money is two per cent. worse. We now quote
buying rates 3 to 5 per cent discount.
The Union Bank has deeared a dividend of 3 per cent.
payable Ist of October.
CITY, SEPT. 18.—The business in stocks at the Board
this morning was again extremely light, and prices of most
descriptions exhibited a still further decline. Delaware
and Hudson is down to 78 ; Harlem, 69 ; Paterson, 68j- ;
and Stonington, 62i. per Share. No United States Bank
Shares were offered.
The transactions in Bills of Exchange on England, for
Liverpool packet of to-morrow, was to a fair extent only at
1094 per cent., and at the close some purchases were made
at 1091 per cent. Bills on France, sf. 20c.
In cotton there has been considerable activity for the
last two days, although, comparatively speaking, sales have
been limited on account of the reduced Stock, and we con-
sider that the advance since Saturday last is fully a cent.
per lb. on all descriptions.
In Flour there continuos to be great activity, at the
largely enhanced rates, and Western may be noted at 9
dollars for common, and 9,25 dollars for fancy brands. Do-
mesticl,6oto Wl,6hseat
L heldllars apterl,76oo tiobsl.,7sCdoorinlairss,firamndatFolrei
dollar n a
t;
and, in fact, still higher rates are now asked.
Bicknell's (Philadelphia) Reporter of this morning says,
But little activity has characterised the Money Market
during the past week. Money, however, is more abun-
dant. It can now be obtained on Philadelphia Post Notes
at seven per cent. Western Post Notes still command
about nine. The Banks are quite as liberal as could be
expected under the circumstances."
CITY, SEPT. 19.—The Share Market is still in a languid
state, the sales at the Board this morning being again mo-
derate ; anti although rather greater firmness prevailed in
tile Phcenix Bank of Kentucky, Farmers Trust Co., and
Delaware and Hudson Co. Shares, prices of fancy descrip-
tions rather receded from the rates of yesterday.
The recent advance in Flour and Grain, it is pretty ge-
nerally understood, is mainly owing to the unpropitious
events and prospects connected with the crops of Europe.
It is the anticipation of a European demand that has car-
ried prices up—and indeed large purchases have been made
for shipment to England. It was in contemplation to send
out 300 barrels per Europe, that sailed to-day for Liver-
pool, but a sufficiency of freight having been previously
engaged, they were transferred to the Sheridan, the packet
of the 25th inst. This position of things—indeed this re-
volution in the course of the Flour and Grain Trade—this
entire change in the current of business, of the four or five
preceding years, that we have been importing the produce
of our foreign neighbours, and paying our specie, therefore,
we trust will prove instructive lessons to us, snd teach us,