The Sun.
London, England, 1813-01-22 00:00:00

CATHOLIC CLAIMS.

'Am following; i eXtrici'fittn .tn excellent
3a f t
wnr.k entitled, "Iskik CLAIMS OF,ViE ROMAN CA-,
CON'IbEREDO WITH RET*I.4,I9E TO THE
9ATY (IF'PE THE liNT‘lii.isHEDtlitißClA, AND TUE
111915163 op ItELIGIoUS VLEHATIO.N.":
(Continqed from our Paper of O.:I nth it:l3ta

There is indeed a very material difference be-
tween free and arbitrury Governments, with re-
psrd to the necessity of an adherence to this
trinciple, as,asaleguard to an Established Church.
.'tinder rut obsolete monarch, who can at pleasure,
and without controul or restriction, choose his
own -ministers, the establishment may possibly
endttrq without such protection ; the want of
*hick may he supplied by the attaehment:of the
Soveroign.--,Nay„ such nianjtych may safely
employ n minister or a ,generalos--a 4ullyx or a
Turenuoi—who is not nmentbsir4 church;tlta
fur his Authority is capuble of nontrnnling all at-
tempts agoinit the national worship.!-. Pit in feee
states the case is widely different, litre the o-
ver igit ljesitles being citcninseribed by
the constitntion within precise limits, is:liable to
have evenEftS vonstitutioual energy counteracted
atu,l,cin4acr,”firil, both by party and by popular
influence. ,Vrotu each of EhtSC kinds c,l influence
an Established Church, in such states, has some-
thing to *fear. As the existing government must
ever
,be idcutifiekwith the establishments of the
country, the violence of party will sometimes vent
itself in hoStility to those cstablislitnents, in order '
to 'give elft,c( to. its oppoiition fir Governuanit 3
and thus'que'stions, involving the safety of the
Est a iili:•4hed Church, may heroine, in the strict
:ccose of the. term, party questions:* So also' po-
polar iniluence 'is likely to fay Our attempts to ob-
tain •4 frct'aho from restrictions, which arc es-
senti.i! to the exigence of on Established Church.
Against these dangers, 'the authority of a limited
monarch would' ben very inadetphiti' protection.
even under an alb:white nionarch, the safe-
ty Of an Established Chtirch he very pre-
carious, it it depended solely,trprin regrd protec-
tion. For the SoVereign,towever allre to pro-
tect the Church, may want wisdom, or vigour, or
firmness, duly to 'exert his power in' its defence ;
and it may therefore be brought info danger, and
perhaps be detually anbverted; throagh his ca-
price' or "wenitn6s: There is therefore no solid
and perinaneht security fOr'sneh tlh estil;lislinicot,
but tinder the protection af'the principle here
eontendad for: ' ' '
Order, however, to give effect to this prin-
ciple, and *to 'render conforMity with an Est;i-
blished urelt nOcos4tryrpialificat ion for ',tower
and office, some'MOdenfevniting'sUch conforMity
hIUSI he resorted to'. The candidate for power
must furnish souse proof tharbeiu ;possessed Of
thtrneeessury qualification.' 'This--proof, in *hat,
ever Wirrt May, by given, is denorniOated ;
itrrcl the laws *hid) 'prescribe it at eltertned "Test
Bits the ispiration of which laws is to
Liii-
pnse tutee specific prof of con-
fertility wilt • the evi-
iiencing the pdsse:tiion of the pee4ssary quail&
canal) ; and is such lows sire 'necessary tOgive
effect to the conservative.. potittple, on the ophra-
thin of which an Establls)sed Churell'flependi for
fa *mirky, they !fruit theMitilves he considered
as an litiliSpettsable bulwark '0 ideb 'au
tnenr,

. _
The test, or proof of conformity. with•the Es.
tablished Church, which our taws require of every
man win) is admitted to a situation of power Ind
trust, is the receiving of • the Sacrament of the
Lord's Supper,' accOrding to the rites of that
Church. Some persons tifiNT objected t 0 this re-
quisition, on the ground that a religious ceremony
is thereby profaned, by'•being' made a rlualifie i.
tion for othce ; but Bishop Stierhick, in his tin;
answered and unansWerable tract of this subject,
has sitewn, that the' receiving of the Sacratricnti
according to the usage of theChmeh of 4itgland,
Is not made the qualitication for afire; bile is
merely reiiitired 'as evidence, that tite Person re
cawing it is possessed of the necessary quail fica-
titm; that is to Say, that he is " Well affected tO,
the ecclesiastical' state and constitution 'of -these
realms :" " for," as the .Bishop forcibly observe',
" 'visible communion With any church :or society
of Christrans, is the 'best proof that: nian' earl ier
to man of Ida being a Well-Wisher to the (),onsti-
tittion of such church (Jr suCiety." " The only
611)07 that remained then Was to 'consider, what
particular act of church -COMlTltirtian would
be 'the most probable evidence' that a 'mtm
was sincerely well affected lit; the gstahlisheit
Church. lit this vicri,' the Saerhinefit 611 'the
Lord's Supper naturally offerOt is 64'
part of religious warship Which the generality of
Christians perform witisthegreatest 'devotion; and
to Melt they think thernielves most, obliged tot*
preach with sincerity and uprightness of heart
this it may be added, that es a thstinction•was
intended tO, be made between them' who approv.
eel, and those who did nOt approve, the: eactesiat,
Oral eonstikuti6o tit .these kingdotne;'soit, was
well known that the latter Pied as strong prejudices
against the usage of tbe churgh, iiieelehra-
tlon of the Sacrament; is against any other usage
of it whatever, 'and yet were supposed to the
saute _awful 'reverenci) (of the institution itself;
50 clLnt i 4 i4',4:fc,401141)4 Om. o 41,1-
iienter of any sort would easily bo:lest, to such an
act cf itifilliKerity, as receiving the Sacrameut.in
a "manner condemned' by Vindio,
Lion of the Corporation ama 7eBl-*4; -
• But laws arc theinselriaititticot,tq change.—
The ',power which enacts may repeal; and the
church, though possessed of all the security that
Test -laws can anon,' if, maybe deprived of this its
ontY efficient protection. Qur ancestors, at the

tine of the rev-olutinn, were aware df.thilt
bitity, and they provided accordingly:. '!"hey
strengthened, by what they deemed au impregna-
ble ont-work la , the ws which arc the tniselvo, the

ounparts of the Established t hunch.^ Sensible
Out those laws could not be repeated without the
roYel COMICY)t, they.hound the conscience of the
Sovereign by a solemn oath, never to consent tit,
such repeal. This is the effect of the coronation.

bu h but too chatty the clue at the present mbrocatt
4 rogiut to the:question of ". Catholic Emancipation."

oath. By, that oath, as originally inured, a King
-J)1 England is obliged to swear that he will, main-
tain, to the utmost of his power, the Protestant
reforrited religion, established by law ; and, by
the act of Union between England and.Sentlaud,
this engagement is made still more precise ; the
oath required by'rhat act, and which is incorpor-
ated with the former, being to maintain mid pre-
serve inviolably, the settlements of the Church of
England, .and the' doctrine, worship, diseipline,
and government, thereof, as . by,law eStablish ed.
It• seems impossible to devise a more eXectual
anode of restraining a King of England from con-
senting' to,the repeal of the Test7laws, than by
subjecting him tothis solemn engagement. Those
laws Were enacted for the security, 'of the Church
Establishment. This is obviously their design,
end it is stated to .be so by an express declaration
of the legislature ;* and we have seen, that laws
'of that descriptiou are essential to the security of
such an establishment. It•would, therefore, he a
direct contravene on to the Coronation-oath, if a
' prince on the throne were to give his consent to
the repeal of those I tws. Indeed, the Solemn en-
Ivigement thus entered into by such a prince can
not be fully satisfied,' without the utmost caution
never to do any act Which may tend, in . re-
motest degree, to endanger the National Churcl:
Such an engagement does 'not perMit considera-
tions of general policy to interfere with the safe-
ty of the establishment ; the maintenanee of
,which, by all practicable 11104d1S, is: specifically
promised. When the Conscience is pledged, under
'sixth awful respinhihility, no measure even of
(Mimi% tendency can he allowed ; for, 'while a
doubt remains whether harm to the church may
'not ensue, the promise to maintain it certainly is
not fulfilled. Surely, then, it.is not Compatible
With such n promise to Onctir in the, removal of
the very bulwarks which ,have been provided ex-
pressly forthe security of the establishment, 'and
to the necessity of which, tor:that purpose, both,
reason and experience bear unequivocal testimony.
Nor should it be forgotten, that the obligation
arising from-the Coronation-oath extends, to. all
pers.-ins, whose station or functions may give
them any influence on the mind of the Sovereign.
Jr theretnre deSerVes the serious considera-
tion 'of every met:fiber OF the 'legislature, xvlit:
ther, if the twO houses of ParliaMent Were to
present to the thi•cine a bill,' for the repeal of thel u'. •
which 'are enactedfor the secnrity of thelEi-
tablishtal Chord), • they Wotild not titapiiil a Snare
lor the comicience oftheir Sovereign, and contri-
bute all in their power to 'induce him to violate
leis oath.

- .
'1 i 0 ,A4p. a, I. TO! preamble o.f !iris ant, after referring
to tlik: o.lrporation - din; Test. Aet,.:l, contains tilt fon-Owing
words a... 4 I).lth svfliaii acts weroluade for.the security of the'
clwrcis Of .itiii;4d, 4# by 14wost4tAishvd....
,

{T, kc cantiouo.)

OltDF,It OF TilE PAY.
•

The places of Dantzic, Marieabourg, the 'tetes-
4e-pui of Uarienwerder anti Thorn, are placed in
a state of siege.
Ttle Generals commanding those places, the Ge-
nerals Commanding the Artillery and Engineer,,
and the J otendant-General of the Army,
will each
adopt the necessary measures dependent upon
The General of Division thie is appointed Com,
rpauder in Chief of the Artillery, in the room of
Genera Count Lariboissiere ; rind the Geneva! of
DivisiOn Flext, Commaittler in Chief of, the EnFi-
neers, in the room of .General 4-0111)t ch"slel"P•
'The ]'rinse of NSUIPCIZATEL,

(Signed) ALEXANDER.
Ciief d'Etat Major, Count MONTMON.
Iferl-qudrters, Gumhijoidn. Du-. Id.

ottmt.
The King orders all the General Officers, Of-
fieerS of the Etat Major, and others who arc at
Konigsherg, to set Off in the course of to-day, or
to-marrow at the latest, to repair to the grand
depots of the corps, viz.
Is; Corps at Thorn.-2d at Marienbourg.—
3d at Martenbourg.-4th sit Marienwerder.-3th
Ott Warsaw.-6th at Plotzk.-Bth Westphalian
and AVurtemberg, at Thorn.-9th at Martenwer-
dm—Chiperede and Loison's Division, at Konigs-
herg.—Dihmounted Cavalry, at Elbing.—Depots
of the Cavalry of the Guards, at Elbing.—Detach-
went of isolated Persons of the Ilrtillery and En-
gineers. at 'Konigsberg.
'With respect to the sick and wounded General
Offieers, and Officers of the Etat Major, who are
not in ti condition to serve, they shall repair to
Stettin and Uustrin to re-establish their health.—
They shall give notice of their arrival tn. the Ma-
jor-Gem:rat.

TWOD trust remain at Konigsberg only the Ge.
will Officers, and Officers of the Etat Major, 'and
others belonglog to the Etat Major, the artillery,
engineers, 410 the Etat Major of the Duke of El-
chirigen, 'and the divisions. of _Generals Loison,
Henault-1, and Claperede. Wlth respect to the
General Odiccrs attached to the suite of the Ge-
neral Etat I.llajor,ioe. are in a condition to serve,
they shill remain at Kenigsberg, and shall pre-
sent,theniselvcs to the Major-General.
Prince of NE t/FCIIATIM,
(Signed) ALEXANpER,
General of Divi3ion, Count MONTii tOW.
komigsberg, Dec. 20.

OKALII, OF THE, DAY.
The King ordure, that fro4the date of the.pub-
lication of the present Order, every. straggling
dier who shall be found beyond the left bank Of
the V: tins, wabout permission, Isbell be cool-
derejl,and ,tried es a deserte4,
All the officers and isolated soldiers of the 34th
dtvision ire directed to, proceed tgoltouigsberg, to
rejoin their
Zvery, isolated wittier of the 34t11 division who
shall be (ma in the rear of Konigsberg, pm-
eeeding to the Vistula, 4liali be msldesed
tried as a deserter`

Prince of KtukcuArraLt,
(S igli ed) A LxxA Nut *.

The Gentlettyrrt taut, Clergy of the ccipnty, of
li4ve rewisetl to petition, agail)4t, the, CAtt.bal