The Sun.
London, England, 1836-08-23 00:00:00

SPAIN-FERDINAND VII.

ACCEPTANCE OF THE CONSTITUTION OF
CADIZ IN JULY, 1820.
BY AN EYE-WITNESS.

The morning of the 9th was cloudless, and suited to the
_occasion ; it was ushered in by the ringing of bells, and, at
four o'clock, all the churches of Madrid were filled. The
streets, through which the procession was to pass, were
swept and watered ; flags, tapestries, and silk draperies,
fringed with gold or silver trimmings, ornamented the
,houses on each side ; the street leading to the Cortes was
strewed with branches of olive, myrtle, and flowers of va-
rious hues : the whole population of Madrid, and not less
than twenty thousand visitors, who came from the pro-
vinces to witness the scene, were in full activity by •six
o'clock, when the space before the hall of Cortes became
crowded to excess. Before the doors, leading to the gal-
leries appropriated to the public, were seen hundreds of
well-dressed individuals, and amongst them many officers of
rank, who had taken their station there, Icing before day-
light. When I reached the spot, they were all seated, and
exchanging those repartees usual on such occasions. As
the crowd increased, they found it necessary to rise ; what
with the effects of an ardent sun, and the close contact of
so many people, several were obliged to withdraw, and give
place to their neighbours, who were less susceptible of this
suffocating position. It was thus that I contrived to form a
part of the impenetrable mass, and I had the additional
good fortune of being literally carried up the first flight of
steps without making a single exertion of my own. It is
needless to say, that the two galleries, though capable of
containing fifteen hundred persons, were filled, to overflow-
ing, in a few seconds. As the doors were opened at eight
o'clock, I had an opportunity of surveying the interior ar-
rangements of the hall, before any of the deputies arrived.
The hull of Cortes is of an oval form, and decorated
with a degree of elegant simplicity, which I was, by no
means, prepared to see. As if every thin.-' connected with
the present state of Spain was destined to form a striking
contrast with its former condition, this edifice was once a
church, but fitted up for the Cortes, on their removal from
Cadiz in 1814 : it is within a few hundred yards of the
Royal Palace, and though an irregular structure, seems
peculiarly well adapted for the reception of a popular
assembly.

The front is surmounted by a cross, at the base of which
there is a group, composed of three figures ; Hope, sup-
ported by the symbol of Christianity, points to Spain, also
represented under a female form, at whose feet is seen a
torch, the emblem of paternal affection ; underneath is a
lion grappling a globe, on which both hemispheres are
traced ; and about the centre of the facade there is a large
marble slab, with the following inscription, in gilt letters
" The power of enacting laws, is vested in the Cortes, with
the King." A niche on each side contains statues of Pa-
triotism and Liberty.

The hall is one hundred and fifty feet long, by sixty in
breadth. On entering the great door, there is a platform
extending twenty feet, and of a rectangular shape ; here a
barrier is formed by two bronze lions couched on pedestals,
and holding a massive gilded bar in their mouths, to be
drawn aside only when the Sovereign appears ; the Depu-
ties enter by four small doors placed on the sides. On a
second platform at the upper extremity, more elevated than
the first, a richly embroidered crimson velvet drapery, lined
with ermine, and sustained by Cariatides, overhangs a
throne or chair of state : opposite to this, and directly over
the entrance, is the following inscription :—" The nation is
essentially Sovereign ; consequently it possesses the ex-
clusive right of making the fundamental laws." A treble
range of benches, covered with red damask, accommodate
the members ; there is a table and chairs for the president
and secretaries, below the throne. Two rostrums, in the
centre and nearly level with the floor, serve for those who
address the chair. Besides the statues of Wisdom and
Genius, which occupy niches to the right and left of the
throne, there are several square slabs containing bas-re-
liefs, on which some memorable events, connected with
the late war, are sculptured. Others bear the names of
Daoiz, Alvarez, and Valerde, celebrated martyrs to the
cause of Spanish freedom ; these are in letters of gold.
Four recesses, at equal distances, command a full view of
the hall and galleries ; three are appropriated to the recep-
tion
of the royal family, foreign ambassadors, grandees, and
other distinguished visitors : the last is exclusively opened
for the reporters to the public press. Four niches on each
side, are occupied by statues, representing the sardinal
virtues. Six chandeliers of cut-glass, are suspended fromiu
the cieling ; and the hall is well lighted, from
windows above the frieze by which it is surrounded. The
galleries are spacious and convenient : beadles are in at-
tendance, to preserve decorum : and no money is exacted
for admission.
The arrival of the President, attended by most of the
Deputies, about half•past eight, having called my attention
away from the embellishments of the hall, I prepared myself
still more interestino•
for the enjoyment of a sight
and re His
the other members
Majesty, preceded by the Queen,
of the Royal Family, in state. carriages,
left the Palace a
the firing
little before nine o'clock, amidst the firing of cannon, en-
thusiastic cries of the people, and to the sound of patriotic
airs. The whole of the body guard, composed of noblemen
or their sons, rode before, and a regiment of cavalry brought
up the rear. When the arrival of the first carriage was
announced, the deputation appointed to receive her Ma-
jesty went out and conducted her to the balcony. She was
splendidly attired, and came in supported by the two
Princesses, the wives of Don Carlos and of Don Francisco
de Paolo. Advancing to the front, they bowed to the De-
puties and those in the galleries, who received them with
reiterated plaudits. A conviction
tators, that those lovely women exulted in the emancipation
of their adopted country, ensured a most cordial recep-
tion ; nor, judging from their personal charms and the
way in which they appeared to enjoy the scene, would it
require any great effort of imagination to conceive, that the
Graces had now descended, to preside at the consecration
of human liberty !
When fresh salvos of artillery, and still louder shouts,
announced the arrival of the King, another, and more nu-
merous deputation went forth, and in about five minutes,
Ferdinand, attended by the Infantes, his Ministers, and a
long train of Grandees attached to the household, entered
the hall ; upon which the Deputies rose, and ranged them-
selves on each side : a dead silence followed the announcement
of his Majesty's approach to the great door ; but no
sooner had he passed the gilded bar, than an hysterical
burst of joy resounded through the hall, and applauses,
mingled with benedictions on the head of the " Consti-
tutional King," continued for a considerable time after he

reached the throne. He must, in
insensible being, who could have wi
unmoved : although incapable of del
never forget my own feelings on this ol
_ _

reason to think highly of the •Spanish
a display of virtuous enthusiasm was

my admiration.
Ferdinand was dressed in a blue c
gold, crimson 'velvet waistcoat and sol

stockings, gold buckles in his shoes, an.
he carried in his hand : he wore a small sword, and was de-
corated with several orders. Previous to sitting down, his
Majesty testified his satisfaction by frequent bows to the
Deputies and spectators in the, galleries. When he was
seated, the auditory became silent in an instant, after which
the ceremony proceeded.

When the King's brothers, Don Carlos and Francisco,
the ministers and other attendants, took their places on
each side the throne, the President and Secretaries ad-
vanced towards his Majesty : on approaching sufficiently
near to administer the oath, they held a copy of the Con-
stitution before him : placing one hand on the Holy Evan-
gelists, presented by the President, and holding up the
other, Ferdinand read the prescribed formula ; upon which,
a second manifestation of public feeling took place : when
silence was restored, the President, who had resumed his
place among the Deputies, addressed the throne, in a speech
in which equal justice was done to the Monarch and his
people. The answer, which followed, was read by Ferdi-
nand himself, from a written paper, and delivered in a very
cleat and impressive tone.
As the unrestrained joy of the Deputies, spectators, and
multitude, convinced me that this was a day of general
oblivion and amnesty, I also endeavoured to forget the me-
lancholy transactions of the last six years. From the mo-
ment of the King's entrance, until he retired, the Queen
kept- her eyes rivetted on his person ; she appeared, in fact,
to feel that fortune could not confer a greater blessing,
than in thus enabling her to be present, when her husband
had so effectually recovered the lost affections of his people.
After the President's reply, in which he thanked his Ma-
jesty for the speech just delivered, had terminated, Ferdi-
nand, accompanied by the Queen, entered the same carriage,
and were followed by the other members of the family. It
was with extreme difficulty the procession moved on, so
great was the pressure of a crowd that tilled the streets
through which it had to pass, and the avenues leading to
them.

In addition to the immense concourse that impeded their
passage, the balconies and windows were filled by all the
beauty of Madrid ; innumerable banners waved from every
side ; garlands and flowers were thrown on the carriages as
they pasSed, and nothing was heard but expressions of the
most enthusiastic loyalty.
Several bands of music went before the procession, play-
ing patriotic marches ; the first carriage reached the Palace
at half-past one ; soon after which, the populace retired,
and festivity was suspended till the evening, when a general
illumination took place ; the theatres were also thrown
open to the public, and the streets continued to be crowded
till midnight.

Such was the reception of Ferdinand VII. and his family,
when he swore to adhere to the Constitution, and thus
ended one of the most impressive sights I ever beheld—it
might he called the triumph of virtue as well a; of freedom,
for the people seemed to entertain only one sentiment, that
of securing their future happiness, by identifying the interests
of the Sovereign with their own.

FATAL STEAM-BOAT ACCIDENT.

On Sunday night, a few minutes before nine o'clock, a skiff,
containing four persons, came in collision with the Star,
Gravesend steam-packet, off Globe-stairs, Rothcrhithe, by
which one person was drowned, and three others narrowly
escaped a similar fate. From inquiries we have made the ca-
lamity appears to have been the result of pure accident, ari-
sing more from the unskilfulness of the parties in the boat,
wl:o were without a waterman, than from any negligence or
recklessness on the part of Captain Tisdell, the master of the
Star, an old and experienced conductor of steamers, and his
people. It appears from the statement of the survivors, that
the four persons in the boat consisted of Thomas Riche, law
writer, of No. 18, Ship-yard, Temple-bar; Geo. Smith, of
No. 90, Shoe-lane, Fleet-street, button and trimming seller;
Thomas Callaghan, a market-gardener and salesman, fre-
quenting Farringdon-market, and D. Callaghan his bro-
ther, the owner of the boat, a tradesman, residing in Rose-
lane, Farringdon-street. The three last were rowing randan
(a pair of sculls and two oars), and Ric'ae was steering. They
were on their way to London, and, on rounding the point
near the Globe stairs, keeping towards the south shore, when
they saw the Star coming down towards them very fast ;
Riches hailed her, and called out, " Go towards the north;
you'll cut us in two ; ease her ;" at the same time putting up
the helm to get nearer the shore. The steamer appeared to
do the same, and the words mentioned had hardly escaped
from Riche when the Star struck the baat in midships and
went over her. Thos. Callaghan, who was pulling the bow
oar, must have been struck by the vessel, for lie immediately
sunk, and was never seen afterwards. The hat of the de-
ceased was afterwards picked up, and it was cut in pieces.
The other parties who were in the boat could all swim, and
when the collision took place, Riche, to avoid the paddles.
dived under the steamer, and when he got to the surface of
the water, laid hold of the boat. The others did the same,
and, after it had turned over two or three times, several boats
came to their assistaace, and saved them. The Star was
stopped directly after the boat was struck, and a boat was
lowered. The Royal Tar Greenwich steamer was following
in the wake of the Star, when the accident happened, at full
speed ; but en the watermen calling out that three men
were struggling in the water for their lives, she also stopped,
until they were in safety, and the Thames police then took
them to the office, and provided them with dry clothing
and restoratives. The account given of the accident by
Captain Tisdell and his crew is, that after landing a large
cargo of passengers at London Blidge, the Star was re-
turning to Gravesend, for the purpose of taking the next
morning's trip to London, with not more than fifteen or
twenty passengers on board, and was going only at half-
speed (his ti,ual practice in the pool), when he saw the skiff,
containing four persons, coming up well on his larboard bow,
and seeing that the parties in her were rather outward, and
believing them to be amateurs he hailed them to keep to the
northward, which they appeared to be doing, and he kept his
course gently. When they came very near to him they altered
their course all at once, and rowed right under his bow, but
before they did so, they were so alarmed that they ail jumped
up and threw down their oars. The steamer's engines were
stopped before the collision took place, and the vessel had very
little way upon her, or the whole of the party would have
perished.' Captain Tisdell further states that the accidetrz
could not have occurred if there had been a waterman in the
skiff, that he lowered a boat instantly, and did not proceed
until he had ascertained the whole extent of the damage, and
rendered every assistance. The passengers on board the
whateverS tarh av eg
cani vebne aa t similart:Tee otuon tt,
thane
en d declared
cap Captain nan
dth
ca
rt
enwo
obm
flath
the
steamer. Yesterday the survivors applied to Mr. Ballantine
and Mr. Clarkson, the Magistrates, for a summons against the
master of the Star, and said they had not time to get out of
the way before their boat was struck, The Magistrate said,
the Coroner's Jury would inquire into the cause of death
when the body was found, but issued a sumMt..is against Capt.
Tisdell, for the damage done to the boat, which, .however, the
Secretary of the Star Company expressed his rets:liness to
make gt od. Mr. Evans, chief surveyor of the Thamt.s Po-
lice, said the accident must have arisen from the want of Altai
of the people in the boat.

The library of the late Sir Francis Freeling, for its
extent, which is rather limited, embraces a more rare assem-
blage of old English poetry and facetice than, with the excep-
tion of the rich tomes contained in Heber's collection, has been
brought to the hammer for several years. Sir Francis pos-
sessed peculiar advantages over his competitors as a bibliomanist ,
because of his free intercourse with most of the old booksellers
in the United Kingdom, and his own good taste relating to
these matters into the bargain occasioned him to embrace
every opportunity of enriching his library by the acquisition of
a gem. The sale of these raris is consigned to Evans, of
Pall-mall. They may produce 4,0001. or 5,000/.
An accident, nearly accompanied by fatal results,
occurred to John Hulle, Esq. on Thursday evening last. This
gentleman, in returning home from Lee Races on a spirited
horse, had reached New Cross, when he was met by some
persons in a chaise-cart, the driver of which, in the reckless
manner too often displayed, drove against him with such vio-
lence as to force the shaft of the vehicle into the chest of the
animal, and to throw his rider a considerable distance. The
unfortunate gentleman, after receiving some assistance upon
the spot, was conveyed to his father's town residence, and al-
though no bones are fractured, yet the injuries he has received
will confine him for some time. The animal (a valuable one)
was obliged to be immediately killed.
aanrldestwoGrelille
have already appeared as rival
HuSndirredCs,haccepted the Chiltern
fir Charles, and candidates for the honour of succeeding
Gentlemenhas
The Honourable C. J.
re-
presenting the Borough of Warwiel:
Henry 'William
vote and interest of the Reformers.
Hobhouse, Esq., claims the
Whigs were thrown into momen-
tary Canning is patronised by the Tories, while
appearance of Mr. Canning;
and still more by an awful visitation of Tory lawyers, who On Tuesday
consternation m or
morning,
gthethsueddeu
mus-
tered in troops from all parts of the country. Such an inundation
of surplus population was enough to create a panic, and cause a
famine, but, fortunately, the Tory landlords, being in constant
communication with the Castle, were apprised of this profes-
sional influx, and had provided extra accommodation for Mr.
Canning and his advanced guard. During the whole of Tues-
day, the Conservatives seemed to carry everything before
them, but about eleven o'clock, on Wednesday morning, Mr.
flobhouse arrived, and forthwith coinmeneed an active and
successful canvass. In the evening, both the candidates ad-
dressed their friends. Mr. Canning, knowing, we presume,
that his sentiments were not those of the people, oratorised to
a select few in the back parlour of the Warwick Arius; Mr.
Hobliouse adopted a widely different course, and manfully ap-
pealed to the public in an energetic speech.—
Chi on icle. Northampton
Hair-Balls, weighing
lately found in the stomach of half an ounce each, were
of a calf a few months old. The
like may be frequently produced by the calf liekin g its skin,
collecting a mouthful of its hair and swallowing it ; the action
cf the stomach compacting and moulding the same into a cir.
cular form.

ndeediliave b&ittr,a,
itneised such eses6oe
!sciking them,' I:slia1V4:1
00ftsion, a 10:-IFiAlaf
olbroc ter hoilirkiuoh.,
iikely to aiminitio
;oat, iilratrsAiwrth
1111 elo 1~1l Silk
nd a cocked int, which

SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS.

The leading article of the Times of yesterday
abounds with false statements and misrepresentations.
For one falsehood we prepared our readers on Satur-
day, when we told them that we had no doubt the
Times of Monday would maintain that a passage di-
:meted against the Lords had formed a part of the
intended King's Speech. Accordingly we find that
paper yesterday declaring : " We repeat that his Ma-
yesty did reject from the Speech a passage, such as we
have described, directed against the House of Lords."
In the Courier, Globe, and Sun of last night appeared
the following contradiction of that statement, which,
on the best authority, we here repeat :—" We have
authority to slate that the above assertion is an
entire falseh.oorl. No such passage was proposed to
his Majer.ty : no such passage was therefore re-
jected. Farther, no such passage was for a moment
contemplated. It would have been without pre-
cedent. The Times, in alluding to what fell from
Lord Melbourne in a debate in the House of
Lords,' has grossly misrepresented him. It says, "In
fact, Lord Melbourne' himself admitted that the vast
majority of the intelligence, the wealth, and the pro-
perty of the country was opposed to the Government ;
the people have seen safety, and in the conscious-
ness of that safety they have proceeded with their cha-
racteristic energy and activity to the acquisition of the
wealth that constitutes prosperity," &c. Lord Mel-
bonnie never admitted any such thing. What his
Lordship admitted was, that it was obvious a majority
of the House of Peers was generally opposed to his
Government, and that it was probable a majority of
the landed. gentry, of the clergy of the Established
Church, and of the members of the two Universities
•(Oxford and Cambridge), were opposed to his Ad-
ministration. They have, in truth, not only been op-
posed to his Administration, but to every Admistration
:since the Duke of Wellington quitted office in 1830,
;and the Reform Bill was notoriously carried against
'them. But Lord Melbourne never admitted (for he
knew better) that the majority of these classes consti-
tuted a majority of the wealth and property, still less
fig(' the intelligence, of the country. The object of the
7Reform Bill was to enable the great body of owners of
property to protect that property from the invasions of
particular proprietors. It was because the mass of
wealth and property of the country felt that without
mach protection the avarice of the borough-holders and
'others who possessed political influence would, in fur-,
therance of their sinister interests, place all property
in jeopardy, that they extorted from the unwilling
Lords the Reform Bill. If we were even to take the
:statement in the Edinburgh Review, of which such a
-handle has been made by the Tories, that all the gen-
try of 5001. a year and upwards were Conservatives,
we would still ask how small an amount of property is
ahat owned by the men of 5001. and upwards com-
pared with that owned by men with smaller incomes ?
But the truth is, that here an important distinction
must be made. Of the great landholders of the
country the richest are Whigs. We could name a
dozen of Whig Peers whose united incomes exceed
those of all the rest of the Lords. The truth is,
that people greatly over-estimate the property of
the Lords. The single town of Manchester pos-
sesses three times more property than all the Lords
put together. But, if we take the incomes of all the
Peers at three millions a year, a large allowance, how
much would remain if we deduct the incomes of the
Whig Dukes of Bedford, Devonshire, Norfolk, Cleve-
land, Sutherland, and Leinster, the Marquises of
Westminster and Breadalbane, Earls Fitzwilliam and
Burlington, and about half a dozen other Whigs ?
Throughout the country, the poorer gentry, they who
find it difficult to keep their ground, are almost to a
man Tories, while the great owners of property, who
can live and provide for their families without the aid
of the public purse, are often Whigs and Reformers.
The Tory Lords are many of them notoriously poor
for their station ; and it was the knowledge possessed
by the great body of owners of property, that without a
Reform Bill these ravenous wolves could not be kept from
preying on the public, that induced them to make the
exertions which finally extorted that measure from the
Peers. It is absurd, therefore, to say that the Tories
have a majority of the wealth, property, and intelli-
gence of the country. The middle and productive
classes are generally Liberals, and the Dissenters are
liberal to a man. In fact, the Tories are without ex-
ception what Captain Hall calls the spending class—a
crass that in every country evinces a disposition to
spend more than its legitimate income, and to balance
tile account by do ping into the property of others.
The property of the Church (for property with the
Tories is synotrymous with religion) is considered by
the Tories—to use the language of the Rev. Mr. Boy-
ton—as the means of providing for their younger
children ; and the clergy and Tory aristocracy are,
therefore, nearly one and the same. To a poor Lord
and a middling Squire, the property is indispensable. In
short, every man who does not live by industry, and
has more wants than he can honestly gratify without
availing himself of the public purse, in the shape of
tithes, pensions, salaries at home or in the colonies,
&c. &c., is naturally a Tory'. They derive their name
from the plundering prop ersities of the founders of
their party—for the first Tory was a robber.—Morn-
ing Chronicle.
We are glad to perceive that we did not, in our
article of yesterday, over-estimate the importance of
plume's meat felicitous exposure of the Lyndhurst
sophistry. It is regarded in the same light by the
vast population of this great metropolis. We expected
that it would; but we confess we were hardly sanguine
enough to suppose that the importance we attached to-
the speech of the Hon. Member for Middlesex could
have been equally attached to it by the Tories. Is it
so ? It is indeed. They do not, it is true, say as
much in so many words, but they more than say it in
deeds. Look at their organs of yesterday morning,
and their only or;:an of last night. To see them work
themselves ieeto a paroxysm of wrath, and to witness
their loadting the friends of the people, as well as the
cause of the people, with the most opprobrious epithets,
is assuredly no novel spectacle; but, then they even sur-
passed themselves in this respect, in the manner in
which they yesterday dealt with Mr. Hume and his
admirable speech of Saturday. One morning Contem-
porary wasted a column of unadulterated rancour on
the Ron. Member, while the evening organ of the
faction could not satisfy itself with spitting less than
two mortal columns of its venom at him. This is all
as it should be ; it is precisely what we wished to see.
We are certain that nothing could be more gratifying
to the Hon. Member himself. Had his speech escaped
unnoticed, or had it only received a passing word or
two of abuse, then we would have reproached ourselves
with having in the feeling of the moment exaggerated
its importance. We have no such apprehensions now;
if we have erred at all, it is in having under-estimated
the importance of that speech. We thank the Tories
for admonishing us of our error; we are sure Mr. Hume
will forgive us.—Morning Advertiser.
We yesterday, but too late for publication, received
by extraordinary express from Paris, news from Spain,
which is of the most important and gratifying character.
The Constitution of 1812 has been proclaimed at
Madrid till the re-assembling of the Cortes. The Na-
tional Guard has been re-organised ; the decree 'pro-
claiming Madrid in a state of siege has been revolted ;
and what is a subject of as great exultation as all
these, the intriguing Ministry of the Queen, who
plotted against the rights of the Spanish people, has
been dismissed, and another appointed in its stead. A
list of the new Ministry will be seen in another part
of our paper. M. Calatrava, the President of the
Council, and M. Ferrer, the Minister of Finance, are
men distinguished for the liberality of their princi-
ples; of the other Ministers little can be said, as they
have not yet been much before the public. It may,
owever, be inferred that the sentiments of the head of
the Administration will serve as a security for the
confirmation, or even extension of the Constitu-
tion which the Queen has been compelled to accept.
Isturiz seemed determined to resist to the last the
acceptance of the charter of Spanish liberty. On the
13th the Ministry remained permanently sitting ; the
garrison was kept under arms, but confined to bar-
racks ; and cannon were planted against several points
of the city ; but all these precautions proved insuffi-
cient to check the ardour of the Liberals of Madrid.
The soldiers caught patriotic inspiration from the citi-
zens, the citizens partook of the heroic ardour of the

soldiers, and the opponents of the people's rights had
no alternative but to retire, with all the ignominy and
none of the advantage of opposition. The Constitu-
tion has been also proclaimed at Santander and St.
Sebastian, arid now that it is accepted by the Queen,
we may expect, as a matter of course, that all Spain
will at once unite in one grand demonstration in fa-
vour of national independence. The hopes of the
Carlists are completely extinguished by this glorious
revolution. Hitherto the Pretender has been enabled
to protract the struggle by the distrust felt not only
by the people, btlt by the army, towards the Queen's
Government. The Regent herself was kept by the
Isturiz Ministry in ignorance of the real state of
public feeling ; and it is to be hoped that the dan-
ger from which she has escaped, by a timely ac-
quiescence, will serve as a warning to all Sovereigns
against those factions which are to be found in every
state, and from which England is not exempt, who, to
accomplish their own selfish designs, would delude the
Monarch with the grossest misrepresentations of the
popular will, and would seek to raise their own for-
tunes on the common ruins of both the throne and the
people. Providence appears to favour the cause of
the Spanish people, for the intelligence of the Queen's
recognition of the national liberty is accompanied by
that of Gomez being completely routed, with the loss
of his artillery and baggage, and that Cabrera had lost
900 men. The Queen's army and the people of
Spain having now obtained a common object for which
to contend, and being actuated by one and the same
sentiment of action, the extermination of the Carlists
is inevitable. The provinces of Biscay and Navarre,
on which the sole dependance of the Pretender rested,
must prefer rather to secure the recognition of their
rights by an union with their countrymen, than to
adhere to the hopeless cause of Don Carlos, which,
if even successful, would leave them at the mercy
of an Usurper, and which under present circumstances
would only involve them in his ruin. The Basques
and Navarrese supported Don Carlos with the same
object as the rest of Spain did Isabella—the esta-
blishment of their own rights. They had no affection
for the individual, and therefore no impediment can
exist to there being one combination amongst all liberal
Spaniards, as the Cortes, if duly elected, will guarantee
the rights of all the Spanish people. The refusal of
the Spanish army to act against the people engaged in
a righteous struggle for their liberties, is a glorious
lesson to tyrants. It must teach them how fragile is
their dependence, when they rest on the support of
domestic soldiers against national feeling. Military
men are no longer blind instruments ; they feel, and
think, and sympathise with their fellow-subjects, and
will not slaughter them at the nod of a despot. If the
Spanish soldier refuse to fight against Spanish inde-
pendence, can a French soldier be expected to imbrue
his hands in the slaughter of Liberty in France, and
still less can the English soldier be expected to respond
to the appeal which the Tories have recently threatened
to make when they mooted the question—" are the
military to be relied upon ?" The events in Spain
will exercise a salutary effect in France and England,
and the conduct of the Spanish army is an example
which may prove highly beneficial to the regeneration"
of the institutions of one country, and the reform of
those of the others.—Morning Advertiser.
A Ministerial Journal denies that its employers
ever had any intention of passing a censure upon the
House of Lords through the, medium of the King's
Speech ; adding, as a reason, that " the course thus
attributed to the advisers of the Crown was at total
variance with the practice of Parliament." This is
amusing enough ; as if those who have shown so evi-
dent a disposition to stick at nothing, would suffer any
object they had in view to be defeated by any thing so
insignificant in their eyes as the practice of Parliament.
Why it has not been the practice of Parliament—at
least in those periods of its history to which we are
wont to resort for precedents—it has not been the
practice of Parliament for one House to indulge in
railing accusations against the other ; for one House
to threaten the independence, nay, the extinction
of the other, unless it yields to all the revolutionary
schemes and violence of a small faction in the other.
Yet we have lived to witness such things ; and we
entertain little doubt but that the House of Lords
and its recent firm and patriotic conduct would have
been assailed from the very lips of the Monarch, were
it not that those who had the preparation of the King's
Speech, either could not or dared not accomplish such
a design. The Prime Minister has told the House
of Lords plainly
.enough what he thinks of them ; and
is it to be supposed that he would have hesitated to
put the same sentiments upon record in the' highest
and most authentic shape, had he not on this occasio'i
found himself powerless for evil ? But we may be
permitted to judge of our Contemporary's accuracy as
regards Ministers by the veracity with which he speaks
oir their opponents. Unable to stem the overwhelming
influence which Lord Lyndhurst's celebrated speech of
Thursday is every where effecting, the paper alluded
to, in the, very same article, thus characterises its ef-
fect :—" The Tories (says this veracious oracle) are
disgusted beyond measure at the reckless and profligate
course pursued by Lord Lyndhurst on Thursday night.
The Duke of Wellington lost not a moment in throw-
ing his Noble and Learned Friend overboard. He re-
pudiated him as a leader, and we have the best reason
for knowing ! [the italics are ours] that Sir Robert
Peel and Lord Stanley abruptly left town, merely that
they might escape even .the suspicion of being parties
to his desperate game." Surely the game must be nearly
up with those who can resort to such a mode of play-
ing it as this.—Morning Herald.
The Ministry of Isturiz has fallen ; and one of
the disciples of the same school of Spanish crime and
Radicalism has usurped his place. Calatrava„ who
was proscribed by the Toreno Cabinet and a fugitive
from justice last year, with his .former companion
Isturiz, when Alcano Galiano was put in prison, has
momentary possession of the destinies of the country.
The Queen-Regent has been compelled to give up even
the semblance of independence. The constitutional
faction is for a time triumphant. Let no one imagine
that the peace of Madrid is secured by this movement.
The hungry emigrants who have alternately set up
and deposed Martinez de la Rosa, Toreno, and Men-
dizabal will grumble over the division of the spoil, and
Calatrava will in vain attempt to satisfy their voracious
appetites. The term of his political existence is al-
ready measured. The men whom he has linked with
him are without political or moral weight. We believe
the new Administration to have been created by Men-
dizabal, to conceal his own designs, and to compel the
Queen to look to him as a resource from their incom-
petency. Indeed the whole of the late insurrectionary
movements in the provinces, and the deposing of the
Queen's authority at Madrid, have resulted from the in-
trigues of that wily broker ; who, conscious of the
opprobrium which must fall upon his head if the ex-
posture which Isturiz was prepared to make of his
Ministry before the Cortes took, place, has used this
extraordinary mode of covering his own shame and of
defeating his opponent. His next step will be to re-
move the puppets he has now set up, and to place him-
self at the head of the finances of the country, the
dictator of the Queen Regent, and the chief of that
faction who in 1823 declared the incompetency of her
husband and their King. We are anxious to know
what part the British Minister is taking on this occa-
sion, though we have no reason to doubt but that by
the supple conscience of his master, and the latitude
of his instructions, he is prepared to abide by what-
ever colour the affairs of Spain assume. But still we
shall be curious to hear if Mr. Villiers will give soft
approbation to the establishment of one Chamber ac-
cording to the Constitution of 1812, when it was well
known that it was by
.his influence, and that of his
Government, that Martinez de la Rosa embodied
in the Estatuto Real the House of Proceres, con-
trary to his prejudices, which ran, like the true
" rose-bud," as he was called, of the former Cortes,
upon the establishment of one great Chamber, in
which were to be united all the talent, virtue, honour,
and patriotism of regenerated Spain. We are also
anxious to learn if Mr. Villiers has sanctionedcmpellttihige
military insurrection of La Granja, and the o
of the Queen to adopt the Constitution ; or if he has
protested, as the chief guarantee of her political exist-
ence, against the employment of force to overpower
the Royal will, and the public debasement of her
authority. It is possible, however, that the British
name does not rank high at this moment, either near
the Queen's person or in her councils, as we observe

that the gentry who surrounded her the other day re-
fused our Minister permission to pass into the Palace,
when he attempted, for what purpose is riot yet made
known, to make his way to the beleagured Princess.
Indeed, amid the anxious thoughts that the present
situation of Spain and the dishonour of the English
name give rise to, there is something so ludicrous both
in the situation of the Queen and the youthful repre-
sentative of the juvenile Whig at Madrid, that we are
more inclined to smile than to be grave. Fortunately
for Lord Palmerston the recess will allow him to hide
his blushes in Downing-street, while Mr. Villiers may
still smile, the Adonis of the Prado, unabashed by the
ridicule which is poured out on all sides on his suck-
hug diplomacy.—Morning Post.

SECOND EDITION.

SUN OFFICE, Seven o' Clock.

THE LONDON GAZE rTE

THIS EVENING.

ST. JAMES'S PALACE, Auc. 19.
The King was this day pleased to confer the honour of Knight-
hood upon Charles Lyon Herbert, Esq., M.D.

FOREIGN-OFFICE, AuG. 19.

The King has been graciously pleased to appoint John Parkin-
son, Esq., to be his Majesty's Consul in Mexico.
The King has also been graciously pleased to appoint Charles
Thaddeus O'Gorman, Esq., to be his Majesty's Consul at Bahia.
The King has also been graciously pleased to appoint John
Hesketh, Esq., to be his Majesty's Consul at Para.

WHITEHALL, Auc. 20.

The King has been pleased to appoint J. Stuart, Esq., to be an
Inspector of Factories, in the room of R. Rickards, Esq., deceased.

WHITEHALL, AuG. 22.

Lord John Russell, one of his Majesty's Principal Secretaries of
State, has been pleased to appoint William Blamire, Esq., and
Thomas Wentworth Buller, Esq., Tithe Commissioners for Eng-
land and Wales.
His Grace the Archbishop of Canterbury has been pleased to ap-
point the Reverend Richard Jones, M.A., a Tithe Commissioner
for England and Wales.