The Sun.
London, England, 1849-09-17 00:00:00

THE SUN,

them with their presence."—(Cheers.) Welcome they
had always been, and welcome they always would be;
but far more welcome were they when, as in this in-
stance, they brought with them such intellectual
power, and such rich stores of valuable information.
M. DROUYN DE L'HUYS rose to respond to the
toast, and said if gratitude could express itself by
proxy, he would entrust to his Hon. Colleague the
pleasure and the honour of addressing them. He felt
personally obliged to show his hearty gratitude for the
high honourewhich they bad conferred upon him. If it
had been his fortune as a Frenchman to visit the great
town of Birmingham 40 years ago, he would have
found it teeming with instruments of warfare, all busily
and eagerly employed in preparing the weapons ofdeadly
combat against a neighbouring n ation. Now,happily, the
scene was changed. As a private individual he was
conscious of his inability and unworthiness to speak
before the illustrious representatives of the different
branches of learning in the world ; but in his public
character he personified a nation that had always
been, and was now, a worshipper of science. He
was, as it were, the living proof of the recognition of
France in England—of the great truth that having
been long, too long, engaged in the struggles of
battle, they now agreed on the advantages of the
peaceful intercourse of trade and science. in con-
clusion he begged leave to propose, " The promotion
of friendly relations between France and England."
Chevalier BUNSEN rose to address the company,
and was well received. He said his worthy colleague,
the Ambassador of Frarce, had so well expressed all
he could say that nothing remained for him but to
concur in all that he had said. He could Enter into
the hope that the emblem of science of which that so-
ciety was the representative, might also be the em-
blem of universal peace. It was now about 140
years since one of the greatest men, Leibnitz, the
contemporary of the illustrious Newton, conceived
the idea of forwarding the interests of science by
association. Amidst the light that was shin-
ing around them there was that of Berlin,
which the illustrious Savan he (the Chevalier)
had named, had himself founded. He hailed
with pleasure the grand idea that men who had de-
voted their whole lives to science and the acquisition
of knowledge, should publish to the world all they
knew, to make it richer and better. Germany and
France had many advantages in their academies, such
as those of Berlin and Munich in particular, and
England had come to be proud of its Royal Society
in the same way. After a few remarks on the bene-
fits of associations similar to the one which they were
members of; the Hon. Gentleman, in conclusion, said
he entirely concurred in what had been said by his
Honourable Colleague of France, and he echoed the
hope that swords would speedily be beaten into
ploughshares, and universal peace reign over the
globe. lie proposed with much pleasure, " The
British Association for the Advancement of Science."
. .

The toast was drunk with loud and continued
cheering ; after which
The CHAIRMAN, in a neat speech, responded to the
toast. In the course of his observations, after alluding,
in complimentary terms, to the two Ambassadors who
had honoured them with their company, he said he
ventured to prognosticate that that meeting would not
be inferior to the last; and already the two first days'
proceedings of their sections had proved that he was
not wrong. In each had been obtained results which
left the happiest promise of the termination of the
meeting. That they should continue to advance, that
their alliance should continue to be useful to mankind,
he felt well assured. If they asked what manufactures
they had improved, what processes they had invented,
he answered, they had done more, they had invented
the principle which would give them manufactures
and processes enough—they had increased all the
powers which invigorated their intellect and directed
their labours. In conclusion, he trusted that the
second return of the association to Birmingham
would be an epoch in its course—the recurrence of
a new style, and as they saw here, since they.
were last honoured by an invitation to this town,
the material development of its intellect, showing
that they had kept pace in the principles of improve-
ment during their absence ; so, when they return,
for the third time, they should find that they had made
a progress far surpassing what had as yet crowned
their efforts.

After the lapse of a short time, the President pro
posed in a suitable address, " The Universities of the
Kingdom." The toast was received with applause.
The Bishop of OXFORD, in an eloquent speech, re-
sponded to this toast, after which other toasts were
proposed, and duly honoured, and the company sepa-
rated at an early hour.

EXCURSION TO DUDLEY, WARWICK, &c.
DUDLEY, SATURDAY NIGRT.—To-day, pursuant
to arrangements with the local committee of Bir-
mingham, extensive preparations were made in this
town for the reception of the members of the
British Association. Lord Ward having kindly
consented to throw open his caverns and grounds
for the inspection of the members, his agent, Richard
Smith, Esq , had the grounds put in perfect order,
and the immense caverns were lighted up. Some idea
may be formed of the extent of these immense subter-
raneous caves, from the fact of their requiring several
thousand candles to enable the visitors to effect a
passage through them. The effect was brilliant in the
extreme, and must be inspected to be duly appreciated.
At about one o'clock about 500 of the members of
the Association arrived here in the Swift Packet
Company's boats, and were received by the local
committee, who were distinguLhed by wearing a blue
ribbon on the button •hole, and conducted by them
to the Limestone Caverns. Sir Roger Murchison, C.,
L. Bonaparte, Prince of Canino, the French Ambas-
sador, and many other distinguished foreigners, were
amongst the party, who, with the others, were con-
ducted to the caverns. Owing to a desire of indulging
the curiosity of as many persons as possible, a great
number of the inhabitants of the town were admitted,
and considerable inconvenience was experienced for
some time, owing to the immense pressure of the crowd.
utter the lapse of a short time, however, perfect order
was restored amongst the party, and Sir R. Murchison,
availing himself of the aid of a speaking trumpet, de-
livered a brief but appropriate lecture on the extra-
ordinary geological phenomena by which they were
surrounded, and in the course of his address took
occasion to compliment the foreign ambassadors, and
congratulated them upon their visit to the ancient
and extraordinary caverns in which they were as-
sembled. The French Ambassador briefly replied,
thanking the worthy Baronet for the compliment
which had been paid him, and expressing the
great delight which he felt in having had an oppor-
tunity of witnessing such stupendous works. The
party then retired from the caverns, and were con-
ducted to Messrs. Cresswell's open works, in the
thick or ten-yard coal, and afterwards to Lord
Ward's Clay Croft open works. They then returned
to Dudley on the western side of the Wren's Nest•
hill, where the limestone caverns and workings were
inspected. In visiting these places about three miles
of ground had to be walked, but; as the walks were
highly interesting, they were not omitted by any to
whom distance was not a matter of importance.
The Geological Society's Museum was next visited,
after which the party proceeded to the Russell's
Hall iron furnaces, where the progress of smelting
was inspected. At a quarter before two precisely the
casting from the furnaces commenced, and after wit-
nessing the process of manufacture, the party repaired
to the national school room, where a cold collation
was laid out, and in the evening the company left for
Birmingham in the conveyances by which they had
arrived. I omitted to mention that while in the
cavern Lord Ward's kindness in admitting the com•
pany was adverted to, and called forth the unbounded
applause of the company.

EXCURSION TO W ARWICK, KENILWORTH, &c.
WARWICK, SATURDAY.—This morning, at ten
o'clock, about 150 members of the association arrived
here per railway, and were conveyed in omnibuses to
'Warwick Castle and grounds, where, in the absence
of the noble owner, they were received by his Lord-
ship's agent. After inspecting the beautiful grounds,
and the truly picturesque scenery west of the splendid
mansion, the party were conducted through the
Castle. Amongst the various objects of interest
within this ancient pile, Ruben's celebrated painting
of Ignatius Loyola, the founder of the order of the
Jesuits, attracted particular attention : it is universally
admitted to be the master-piece of the great artist.
The great hall, the armoury, the select picture
gallery, the ancient curiosities (including the
bedstead of Queen Anne), were all inspected by the
company. The extraordinary vase was also an object
of curiosity. The party, on leaving the Castle, pro-
ceeded to Guy's Cliff House, the ancient residence of
the Hon. B. Percey. Here they were received most
courteously, and, after perambulating the exten-
sive and elegantly laid out grounds, including
the magnificent avenue fronting the building, they
were shown through this delightful residence ; after,
which, the Beauchamp Chapel, Wilcox's works for
carved furniture, and Refern's collection of articles of
vertu, were inspected. At half-past two o'clock the
party proceeded per railway to Kenilworth, for the
purpose of visiting the ancient ruins, and having
closed the day's enjoyment by a dinner at the King's
Arms (Dr. Robinson in the chair), the party returned
in the evening, highly delighted with the day's ex-
cursion.

MR. PITMAN AND THE LATE MASTER'S ASSISTANT
O➢' HER MAJESTY'S SHIP CHILDERS.—We under-
stand that, on application to the Admiralty, their
Lordship's officially withd'rew the words "with dis-
grace" which Commander Pitman unln arrantably
appended to Mr. Smith's discharge from the service,
as Masters' Assistant of the Childers, but their Lord-
ships intimated that it was not their intention to
employ him again. Under these circumstances, we
are informed that Mr. Smith (who is son of a Lieu-
tenant R.N.) is about to commence an action at law
against. Mr. Pitman.

LONDON,'

TATTERSALL'S—THIS EVENING.
Suc O'CLOCK.

EP$O3l AUTUMN HANDICAP.
3 t. 1 agst Snowstorm
6 to 1 Tat Present—taken
6 to 1 agst Keraun
12 to 1 agst Kissaway
CESAREWITCH.
15 to 1 agst Glenalvun
16 to 1 agst Vatican
20 to 1 agst Bon Mot
20 to 1 agst Snowstorm
20 to 1 agst Glen Saddel.
35 to 1 agst Westow
30 to 1 agst Rhesus
20 to 1 agst Raby
35 to 1 agst Legerdemain
30 to 1 agst Lady Evelyn
30 to 1 agst Loupgarou

CAMBRIDGESHIRE.
100 to 6 agst Ribaldry
40 to 1 agst Prior of St. Margarets

DERBY.
15 to 1 agst Ghillie Callum
16 to 1 agst The Italian
20 to 1 agst Mayors
30 to 1 agst Deicoon
30 to 1 agst Windhound
50 to agst Bolingbroke

DIARRHEA AND CHOLERA.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

- -.-
SlE,—Napoleon chose successful in preference to
talented men; on this principle I venture to make
known the result of a mode of treatment which in
the years 1832 and 1833 was most successful, and
which I have adopted during the last ten days, in
more than 300 of these cases, full one-half of which
got well within twelve hours, and in no instance did
the malady run into the second or collapsed stage, or
continue beyond eight-and-forty hours. Ido not
lay claim to greater attainments than my professional
brethren, but having had nearly 30 years' most active
service, and devoted great attention to this destruc-
tive disease when it first appeared in this country,
and during the present year, I trust you will not
consider these few lines unworthy a place in your
extensively read journal.
_

It will Se recollected that in January last 154 chil-
dren were, at an hour's notice, removed from Drouet's
pauper establshment at Tooting to the Royal Free
Hospital, the greater number of whom were in a most
wretched and diseased state; they were treated after
the plan I now recommend, and I can add that not
one case was lost after its adoption. Were it necessary
to urge any additional reasons for intruding on your
columns, they would be found in the very great alarm
that pervades the public mind, and in the report of
the Board of Health, to the effect that nearly all the
fatal cases are neglected ones of Diarrhoea. The
remedies are simple and safe, and within the
reach of every one; they are as follow :—Calo-
mel, six grains ; rhubarb, fifteen grains, made
with water into a soft bolus, or three pills ;
all to be taken on the first evidence of any disorder,
of either stomach or bowels ; the patient to go imme-
diately to bed, and four hours after to commence with
the following mixture :
Tincture of opium, 30 drops, by measure.
Compound tincture of cardamums, 2 ounces.
Camphor mixture, 6 ounces.—Mix.
Two table-spoonsful to be taken every two hours.
After four doses the period to be extended to every
four or six hours, and to be continued so long as any
relaxation of the bowels remains. Should the bowels
become much confined within two or three days from
the first attack, the following aperient draught may
be taken : —Castor-oil and tincture of rhubarb, of each
three-quarters of an ounce, mixed together. All
saline aperients must be strictly avoided. Diet for
the first twenty-four hours to consist of good beef-
tea, mutton broth, well peppered, with rice and batter
pudding in small quantities at a time. Common tea
or coffee must not be taken. Afterwards roast beef
or mutton, rice pudding, and port wine and water
may be taken till the patient is quite restored.
The above remedies I strongly recommend to be
kept in readiness by every adult person, and for
children precisely the same treatment, in proportion-
ably diminished doses.
Remaining, Sir, yours obediently,
WILLIAM 11 ARSDEN, M.D.
Senior Surgeon of the Royal Free Hospital.
Sept. 14, 1849.

THE CHOLERA.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

RESPECTED FRIEND,—I have the satisfaction in
believing that I have been the means of saving more
than one life from the fatal effects of the cholera, by
the party adopting Dr. Thompson's advice, via., by
taking a full dose of castor-oil, abstaining from food
of an acid or irritating nature, or liquids of an
inflammatory description. Among others, I believe a
decided case of cholera occurred in the neighbour-
hood of St. James-street, the day before yesterday ;
the party informed me last evening, so severely were
they suffering the night before, that they felt confi
dent, but for the oil, they must have died before
morning. Now, if this is, as Dr. Thompson, of
Edinburgh, asserted, a certain preventative, surely it
cannot be too universally known. The Doctor
assured me that he did not lose one patient out of a
very considerable number that came under care
where the party applied to him in time ; and it may
be reasonably inferred that the efficacy of oil is
confirmed by the eminent Spanish physician who
administered with complete success olive oil.
Yours respectfully,
S tangate, Lambeth, 9 mon. 13, 1849.

THOMAS MOTLEY.

P.S.--As castor oil is well known for its mild and
soothing nature, there can scarcely be any danger to
the most delicate constitution adopting it.

THE CHILDERS AND HER LATE

COMMANDER.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.
read the recent article in The Sun on the
then pending court-martial with all but unalloyed
feelings of delight. My only apprehension was, that
the results, owing to the absurd constitution of the
court, might have proved you prophetically false.
Although the prosecutors' punishment has not been
added to his own, I am still disposed to think that
if the prisoner has had enough, they hare, after what
we have seen, something too much. In addition to
their sentence they have yet another yoke to bear,
though not the " Pitman necklace," still heavy
enough to men in their unfortunate circumstances.
Shall a country, whose purse is ever open to cries
of distress from abroad, refuse to lend a helping hand
to officers, cruelly driven from her service, who, in
spite of all that may be said against them, have at
least (and this is no mean achievement) ridded the navy
of a tyrant, and the country of a monster in British
uniform.

The expenses of the court-martial are doubtless
heavy. We cannot better follow up your late article
than by inviting subscriptions to defray them. I
understand they have already commenced in the
country.—Yours,

HOMO.

RAISING OF THE BRITANNIA
TUBES.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

have perused, with no little interest, the
several communications made by your correspondents
relative to the operations at the Menai Straits, for the
purpose of raising the monster tube, and much regret
the position of affairs there at the present moment,
which, however, I beg to remark, would have as-
sumed a very different aspect bad the eminent
engineers employed by Mr. Stephenson to raise these
monsters condescended to consult those parties, whose
every-day experience in the working of hydraulic
presses has taught them the proper use of these ma-
chines, when required to exert such an enormous
force as 2,000 tons. Had they done this, I do not
hesitate to say, the diffictilties encountered in raising
the tubes, both at Conway and the Menai Straits
would be trifling as compared with what they have
already been, and yet will be ; and, further, that the
cost would bear a somewhat similar proportion. The
mistake that engineers in general commit in reference
to the hydraulic press is this, that they trust too
much to theory and calculation, and too little to
practical experience—hence the reason of so many
breakages and vexatious disappointments in the use
of them. It has been found in practice that parti-
cular attention to the formation and construction of
the different parts of the press is not only desirable,
but actually necessary, when it is required to exert
an excessive power; and I have no hesitation in con-
demning the presses in use for raising the tubes as
being badly contrived, ill proportioned, and egre-
giously misapplied; and have little doubt, before the
four tubes at the Menai reach their permanent restiug-
place, I shall be fully borne out in what I have said.
In conclusion, allow me to subscribe myself
A PRACTICAL MECHANIC,
and One who has worked at a Press exerting
a power of 2,000 tons and upwards.
Sept. 14, 1849.

AEROSTATION.—An aeronaut, named Arban, as-
cended in a balloon at Marseilles on the 2J instant. He
descended the following day at Stupini, near Turin.
THE SWORD CONQUERED BY SLEEP.—On Friday
night a person named Hunter, residing in Castle Gate,
went to bed, having seen all the doors secured. By the
side of his bed he kept a sword, and under his pillow he
put his trousers, in the pocket of which was bis purse,
containing 61. On awaking in the morning, he found
his trousers lying on the top of his sword, his money
gone, and all the doors of the house open. He heard no
noise during the night.—Nottingham Journal.