The Sun.
London, England, 1849-09-19 00:00:00

ITALY.

We, Charles of Bourbon, &e., have decreed and
decree:—Art. I. The religious order of Benedictines is
no longer tolerated in our royal States.—Art. 2. The
property of the said order shall be administered by the
patrimony of the State, which shall provisionally- keep a
separate account of it.—Art. 3. The abbots of the
Monastery of St. John the Evangpl:st of Purina shall
each receive an annual pension of 7001. from the treasury
of the State; and the said treasury shall also pay each
of the monks of the said monastery an annual pension of
500 lire.—Art. 4. This measure shall immediately be
announced to the Holy See, wish a detailed report on
the motives which have rendered this measure indispen-
sable and necessary.—Art. 5. The Pr, sidems of the de-
partments of Grace, Justice, and Police, at,d of the de-
partment of Finance, are directed to take the necessary
sti pa for the execution of this decree, in so tar as it con-
cerns them respectively.
" Given at Parma. Sept. 7. " Cl/MILES."
The Venice Gazette of the 12th states that a de-
putation of Venetians has set out for Vienna, in
order to present to the EMPEROR the homage and
obedience of the city of Venice. The deputation is
composed of the Cardinal Patriarch JACOPO MO CIO,
Count GIOVANNI CORKER, Prince GIOVANELLI,
Count IsliccoLo PRIULI, Chevalier Gxecomo TRIVES,
Cbev. BOIiFILI, and M. BECKER, Merchant.
The Censure of Naples states that the KING has
signed an amnesty, to be published on the 9th, com-
prising all the persons detained in Fort St. Elmo.
'e following is an extract from a mercantile
letter, dated Leghorn, Sept. 12, 1849 •—"r The day
before yesterday our atic() was invaded by a Tuscan
armed force, to force the 2,500 livres of tax and
forced loan of the Chamber of Commerce. It
is now a diplomatic question. The Consulate be-
hayed well in this business, better than Sir GEORGE
HAMILTON ; indeed his Excellency has not stood his
ground properly, even the French Consul and Pouat
showed the white feather on this occasion."

MARGATE, TUESDAY, SEPT. 18.—We have had
most boisterous weather here all day, so much so that
none of the boats from London have been able to land
their passengers here, but have been obliged to carry
them on to Ramsgate, and from thence in omnibuses to
Margate. Nine o'clock, night—lt is now blowing great
guns, and some dreadful disasters are feared at sea.
DAY OF BUNIILIAIION IN THE DIOCESE OF THE
BISHOP oF WINCHESTER.—This day having teen ap-
pointed by the Bishop of Winchester to be devoted to
acts of humiliation, on account of the prevailing pesti-
lence, special prayers and supplications were offered up
in 11.0 seyeial churches and chvels in the pari,hes of
Lambeth, Fouthve ark, Newington, Kennington, Vaux•
hall, Wandsworth, &c. With very few exceptions, the
tradesmen in the diocese have klot it as a e10,,e holi-
day, few shops were to be seen open, uultss butcher's
and Coffee-shops, and those were partially closed; in fact
the south side of the river had a similar appearance to
that observed on Sunday morning. In the Roman
Catholic chapels solemn masses were offered up es an
atonement, and the several congregations appeared
devoutly attentive to the exhortations of the it clergy.
PEDESTRIANISM.—JAMES DELANY AND CHARLTON.
—These two min met on Monday, at Finchley, to de-
cide their race of 80 3 ards for 5/. a side. After one or
tvio false starts they left the scratch at a clipping pace,
Delany with a slight lead; this he maintained to the
finhh, and ran in a good winner by a yard. Betting 2
to 1 on Delany.

It appears, from certain letters from Naples pub-
lished in the Statuto, that the reception of Pi NINO in
that city was anything but enthusiastic. The people
well understand how impossible it is for the tool of
the Jesuits ever to become the liberator of Italy.
The Concordia of Turin contains the following
from Rome, Sept. 17th :—" Several Spanish soldiers
lately entered a house at Zagarolo in order to carry
off a young woman. Her husband defended her some
time, but at last, seeing that resistance was vain, he
killed her with his own hand, preferring to see her
dead rather than dishonoured. Several peasants, at-
tracted by the noise, hastened to the spot, while more
Spaniards came to the assistance of their comrades.
A fray ensued, in which the peasants had the worst
of it, three of them were seized and shot on the spot.
Since this event, Zagarolo has become a desert, every
one having retired to the country to avoid similar
scenes."

These are some of the consequences of the restora-
tion of Pio NONO by foreign bayonets. If we mis-
take not, his HOLINESS a few days since bestowed his
blessing on these very Spanish soldiers.
A letter from Florence of the 10th, which is pub-
fished in the Journal des Debuts, says :
" The general subject of conversation here for the last
few days is a treaty of alliance, offensive and defensive,
which is to be concluded between Austria and Tuscany.
This news, which, however, has nothing of an official
character in it, has produced a painful impression in
Florence; the bearing of such a political act is not dis-
sembled; it is considered to be an abjuration of inde-
pendence and nationality on the part of the Tuscan Go-
vernment. This is not all. Under pretence that the
present organization and composition of the Tuscan
troops is not such as could be wished, which it
may be remarked is very true, the army is to be
entirely dismantled, with the exception of one regi-
ment, and six thousand Austrians to be taken into
the pay of Tuscany, which, without being nationalised,
witl constitute the only national force of the country.
Without entering into all the considerations of
domestic policy, which militate against such a state of
things, it is asked which of the two sovereigns these
troops will obey in the event of any disagreement be-
tween the Emperor and Grand Duke. The internal
state of affairs, which is very prosperous, is complicated
by a ternportuy financial crisis. The Government owes
about 35 millions of Tuscan livres ; but the property of
the State represents a value of nearly 200 millions. A
loan and the constitution of a public debt may thus
provide for the embarrassment of the moment. The
guarantees which are offered by Tuscany are incontes-
tible; several English and French companies offer to fur-
nish the loan ; the house of Rothschild has even been
seriously spoken of. But here arises a new difficulty,
which engages public attention in the highest degree.
The question which has been first raised by the lenders
is, whether the Tuscan Government is absolute or con-
stitutional. If it is absolute, they say the decision of
the Sovereign is sufficient for us ; but if it is constitu- ,
tional, the loan to be valid must be sanctioned by the '
Chambers. The Ministry has not hesitated to reply
that the constitutional regime was maintained in Tus-
cany ; but the Chambers not being convoked, the loan
could not be legally made. The question, therefore, re-
mains pending, and the state of affairs becomes more
aggravated. Recourse was at first had to usurious loans,
which have exhausted the last resources; the family tax
was then tripled, which has caused great discontent.
The family tax, in fact, although proportional, weighs
for the most part on the inhabitants of the country,
whose attachment to the person of the Grand Duke has
never failed, and it is to be feared that it tend to
alienate the sympathies of the people from the Govern-
ment. The reply of the Ministers relative to the main-
tenance of the Constitution was received with very sig-
nificative favour. It is said that the Ministry is de-
decided on persisting in that path, and is ready to give in
its resignation en masse if it is sought to make any at-
tack on what it has promised. Thu retirement of the
Ministry under existing circumstances would be a
thing much to he regretted, the members of it justly en-
joying the confid, nee of the public. Baron de Hugel
er,
the Austrian Chark‘ d'Affaires, has just arrived he,
and has eh livered his letters of credence to the Grand
Duke, alto returned the day before yesterday from his
country residence itt Pratolino, whither he bad retired
with his family after the death of his 'daughter, the
Archduchess Christina, at which he was much affected.
This young Princess was only eleven years of age, and
she makes the fourth child which he hest lost. The
health of the hereditary Prince is also delicate, but up to
this time has not caused any uneasiness."
Ihe Reform of Lucca, of the 11th, states that the
new Tuscan law of the press will contain an article
empowering the Government to suspend journals on
application from any Ambassador accredited to the
court of Tuscany. The Tuscan bishops have ad-,
dressed a circular to all the curates in their dioceses,
recommending them to read in public the Act of the
Roman congregation prohibiting GIOBERTI'S book,
with an injunction to declaim against the heresiarch
GIOIIERTI.
The Legge of Turin, a semi-official journal, of the
14th says—
" Garibaldi has gone to Nice. His language has been
constantly that of a man who understands the necessities
of the times, and who would not be even an involuntary
cause of discord. The royal authorities have treated
him with every regard due to misfortune and military
courage. Lieutenant-General Lamarmora has behaved
to him so as to conciliate generosity with duty. The
population of Genoa has observed, with respect to Gari-
baldi, a most becoming behaviour."
The Risorgimento, and other Turin papers, state
that GARIBALDI had been allowed to go to Nice to see
his relations, but was to return to Genoa within
twenty-four hours.
The Risorgimento of Turin quotes a letter from
Parma of the 11th, stating that on the preced,ng
night the DUKE caused the Convent of Benedictines
and the College of Barnabites to be surrounded by
dragoons, and bad the inmates forced into carriages
ready for the purpose, and transported beyond his
frontier. 'The to:lowing decree relating to this
act was published in the Parma Gazette of the
12th -