The Sun.
London, England, 1849-07-02 00:00:00

LAW INTELLIGENCE.

COURT OF QUE'EN'S BENCH, Jung 30.
(Sittings at Nisi Pr►us. before Lord Chief Justice DEN
MAN and a Special Jur).)
EXTRAORDINARY CASE.—STRUTT V. LOWNDES.

The Attorney-Getie:al and Mr. Edwin Jellies ap-
peared for the plaintiff; and Sir F. thesiger, Sir F.
Kelly, and Mr. Peacock for the de'endant
The plaintiff in this action, Jelin Struts, was a soli-
citor, and had been for many years the confidential legal
adviser of the Duke o Bui•kiagham, to whom he had
made advances to the extent of 3,0001. Having obtained
a judgment against his Grace tor thtt amount, the plain-
tiff in the month of July, 1848, issued a writ of execu-
tion against his goods, which was directed to the de-
fendant, William Lowndes, who at that time was High
Sheriff for the county of Buckingham. To that writ the
defendant made a return of nulla bona. which was al-
leged to be talse; Lind the present action was brought to
recover damages for the false return. The object of the
action was stated to be to try the validity of a deed by
which, on the 27th of May, 1847, the Duke of Bucking.
ham assigned all his property to his son, the Marquis of
Chandos, upon the trusts therein contained.
The ATTORNEY- GENERAL addressed the jury for the
plaintiff, and said the defendant in this action was merely
a noialeal party, the action being in reality brought
against the Nierquis of Chandos, the son of the Duke of
Buckingham, in ordcr to try the validity of en arrange.
ment which had taken place in the month of May, 1847.
The plaintiff had for many years been the confidential
solicitor of the Duke, and there could be no doubt what-
ever of the validity of his claim, which amounted to the
sum of 3,0001., which the Duke of Buckingham had
admittAl by suffering judgment by default. The pre-
sent action was for a false return made by the defendint
to a writ of execution issued under that judgment, and
the return would be false unless the detendant could
establish the validity of the deed which was now in
question. The defendant was now defending this action
for the Marquis of Chandos, by whom he was indemni-
fied, and the question was, whether the deed of the 27th
of May, 1847, was intended to be a bona fide transaction,
or whether it was only meant to protect the property
of the Duke from his creditors, and therefore void.
In the month of May, 1847, the Duke of Buckingham
found himself in such a state of embarrassment that ex-
trication became hopeless, and this led to the transaction
now under investigation. The Duke had inherited his
prole-ly from his father encumbered with debts to the
extent of 900,0001, and having himself become involved
in difficulties by the purchases which he made of land iu
order to aggrandise his property, it became manifest i❑
May, 1847, that some arrangement must be made for the
salvation of his estate. The Duke put himself in the
hands of his friends, Lord Brougham, the Duke of
Richmond, and others, and in consequence of their ad-
vine, his Grace immediately prepared a list of his debts
which were most pressing ; the list was produced by
the Duke to the Marquis of Chandos and his ad-
visers, and a rkerl was executed fur the avowed object
of protecting his property. The object was that the
property of the Duke might be distributed among his
bona fide creditors, and to prevent any from snapping
judgments against him, and thereby giving an
unfair advantage. But it was never intended that if,
by misteke or inadvertacce, any bona fide creditors like
the plaintiff were omitted, they bhoulfi be excluded from
all benefit in the Duke's property. In proof of this he
(the Attorney-General) would call the Duke of Buck-
ingham himself, who would go into the witness-box, and
explain the nature of the whole transaction. The gene-
ral elf et of the deed, which did not profess diet the
Marquis had given any consideration fie- the curve) Line,
was this—it convey, d all the real and personal estate of
the Duke to the Marquis of Chandos, in trust, to pay the
debts of the Duke according to the schedule therein
contained. It might be said that the Marquis of Chat..
dos had taken upon himself liabiliti-s under which, tut
for the deed, he would not have lain, and it would be
contended that that was a consid, ration; but the re al
question was what was the intention aid object of the
parties, whether it was intended to be a bona fide trans-
fer, or a m, re pretence, i❑ order to save the lr„ perry.
In the latter case, it would be void on the ground of
fraud, as much as any fraudulent bill of sale in the ease
of any insolvent debtor. The Learned Attorney-
General concluded his opening address by expressing his
regret at the painful investigation which the jury would
now have to pursue.
The Duke of Buckingham was then examined by Mr.
James, and said—ln the month of May, 1847, my
affairs had become coesideraely embarrassed. I suc-
ceeded to the title of Duke of Buckingham nine years
ago. At that time the estate was encumbered to a con-
siderable amount. I took those liabilities on myself to
a considerable extent for my father's assistance. A very
considerable portion of those encumbrances continued
down to May, 1847. Great interest was paid. Li May,
1847, the claims upon me became more pressing. I
consulted my friends on the course to be adopted. Lord
Brougham and the Duke of Richmond gave me their
advice. It is difficult for me to say what was the
value of the personal property at Stowe at that time.
I was considerably misled by the statements made
to me of the value of the property. I was led to
believe that it extended to beyond 250,0001., but it
has not realised nearly so much. I did not in-
clude in that sum the property at Wotton, in the
same county; that is a small property. In May, 1847,
it was proposed that I should execute the deed to Lord
Chandos. At that time there were several judgments
pending against my property. Many of those parties
had sued me on bills and obtained judgment. I executed
the deed on the 27th of May, 1847. I signed it in Pall-
mall. I did not read it over; it is of great length. I
was told what its contents were. The whole and entire
of my property has been given up, and I have none for
myself. Mr. Corrie, and I think Mr. Robson, the solici-
tor, were present.
The ATTORNEY-GENERAL—What Was the object of
your Grace in executing the deed?
Sir F. KELLY objected to the question.
Lord DENMAN decided that the question could not
be put.
The ATTORNEY-GENERAL—Did you receive any con-
sideration for executing that deed?
Sir F. KELLY objected that that would appear by the
deed.

The ATTORNEY-GENERAL dcclined to put in the deed
as his evidence when it was offered to be produced by
the defendant.

Lord DENMAN said the Attorney-General was at
liberty to ask whether any money passed without putting
in the deed.

The Duke of Buckingham continued—l did not re-
ceive any pecuniary consideration. Mr. Strutt, the
plaintiff, had been my private solicitor. He had made
advances of money to me for my use when I was in
difficulties. Alter the deed was executed I went to
Wottou once or twice, but not to remain. I resided in
town. I have not been to Stowe since May, 1847.
There was other private property included in the deed.
Cross. examined by Sir F. KELLY—Since the !Ilona'
of May, 1847, I have not been in possession of the pro-
perty at Stowe or Wotton. I have not resided in either
place since May, 1847. I have been to Wotton. I was
there for an hour or two in the winter shooting; that
was in January, 1848. J went out and took some re-
freshment there. I cannot tell the amount of my debts
when my son came of age in September, 1844. I was
indebted upwards of 1,000,0001. sterling. In the
year 1845 an arrangement was made to which
Lord Chandos was a party. 'There was a deed
xecuted on the 7,h of February, 1845. I cannot say
that at that time my debts amounted to 1,100,0004 I
was indebted to Atwood in 85,0004 upon a mortgage.
which wis transferred to Burchard. There was a trans-
action between me and Sadler, in October, 1846, and I
think I executed a deed. There was a mortgage on
my property. I consider the property at Stowe and
Wotton was mine, subject to the mortgage. The pro-
perty at Stowe and Wotton produced about 90,0001. A
good deal of it had been the property of the late Duke, a
mveurnyielaartgioebs proportion
Lord of ict.haos in May,lndthinklhadra
personal
co-
-1847. Lord
Chandos, I was told, had placed himself in the hands of
his counsel. Mr. Robson did not act for me so much as
Mr. Corrie, who managed my estate, in whom I placed
entire confidence. Lightfoot and Robson, to a certain
extent, acted as my solicitors, and Messrs. Currie and
Co. acted as solicitors for Lord Chandos. Before the
transaction was concluded there was a letter written to
me of the 21st of May. I have looked for this letter, but
I cannot find it. I do not remember the contents of
that letter. I cannot say what was the amount of my
debts in May, 1847. Taking family annuities and
mortgages altogether, the amount was about 1,500,000/.,
as made known to Lord Chandos. It was from
1,400,0001. to 1,500,0001. Subject to the charges, there
I :was in England and Ireland the estate called the Buck-
Ingham estate. __ _

Sir F. KELLY—Of that you Grace was tenant for life?
The ATTORNEY-GENERAL objected to the question, and
Lord DENMAN decided that it could not be put.
The Duke of Buckingham's examination continued-
11,a0e0yro re
art
.a3l,
eoTafrh. t
oh eT Ch eh
Buckinghamat
ontdaolsispre oo
ppmre
eor
tpt
hyo
roirgsy
more
The Buckingham property is distinct from the Chandos
rlh7 a,0n060 ol property.o
0021'1.0
pro-
duces about 34,000/., the Chandos property about
17,0001., and the unsettled estates about 10,0004, making
in all about 61,000/. a year. No money came to me
when the deed of the 27th of May, 1847, was executed,
and certainly none to Lord Chandos. Lord Chandos
has done whatever he mild do toward a father, and I
am not aware that he has anything but what is allowed
him by the creditors (so we understood his Grace). He
(Lord Chandos) manages the property, and saves the
expense of a receiver. That saving amounts to 1,500/.
a year, which is his income, including what may be
allowed out of it for myself and the Duchess. There
was no formal act of delivering possession. They
took possession in May, 1847. Mr. Smith was libra•
rian, and lived in the house. Since that time he has
not resided at Stowe or Wotton. Nothing about this
demand of the plaintiff's was communicated to Lord
Chandos in May, 1847. It was difficult for me to
recollect the whole of what I was indebted. I am not
aware that I mentioned his claim to Lord Brougham,
to Mr. Brougham, to the Duke of Richmond, or to any
one in communication with Lord Chandos or his advi-
sers. In February, 1848, I mentioned my debts to Mr.
Brougham, but I did not mention Mr. Strutt's. I he.ve
found many other instances which were not included.
The debt to Mr. Strutt is, to the best of my belief, a true
and honest debt. I cannot say exactly how much had
been adviinced by Mr. Strutt before the 27th of May.
1847. I was told that Lord Chaerles was acting under
the advice of Mr. Parker, Mr. Kindersley, and other
counsel at the bar. Mr. Conic was a barrister. Ile had
my confidence. Mr. Strutt is my attorney now.
Re-examined by the ATTORNEY GENERAL—After
the year 1845 I continued in possession of Stowe and
Wotton. I from time to time added to the furniture;
and after 1846, up to 1847, I appeared as the owner of
the property. hero was an nrrtolgernent made in 1846,
n Loci t✓ibanttt'J !,etvci utider the ut his s
•
eitors. tottig4 of mine were brought trein u
to London, such as dressiilg-cases, orders, and jewels,
some Of which have been sold for my use. 1,5006

a year is allowed to Lord Chandos. He has allowed
me 500/. a year. I have not received it lately in eonse-
(Fence of the dispute between Lord Chandos and my•
self, but I should be sorry to have to mention the par-
ticulars. This letter is in the handwriting of the deten•
dant, the Sh. riff of Buckicgiminshire. [The letter was
then put in and read as the plaintiff'. evidence. It
stated that the defendant had no interest ie the present
action, which was defended " by those who were really
inter. stud in the result."]
The Duke of But ktpgham was then again cross-ex-
amined by Sir F. KELLY up, di the new matter upon
which *e had been examined by the Attorney-Gem,ral
—I left Stowe for London in March, 1847. I wart
down in May, and resided at Stowe for a week. That
was before the execution of the deed. I went there to
sip the deed. I left about the 24th of May, and from
that time I have never been to Stowe. In 1847 I was
over at Wotton occasionally. I went over for a day, I
think. I have never since slept in the house, or as
sumed possession. My servant brought me different
trifling things. He brought them to my lodging, some
this year and some last year, but I cannot tell the time.
It was in the spring of last year. He brought some
clothes, a gun, two dressing-cases (the clothes and other
articles were left at Stowe), an order, not the Garter.
I c,:nnot say he brought the robes. The gun was left at
Stowe. The things were under the charge of my own
servant, who had charge of my things.
Re-examined by the ATTORNEY-GENERAL - They
were not very valuable dressing-cases. Tney were
worth from 251. to 301, each.

John Bray Hooper examined—l am servant to his
Grace the Duke of Buckingham. In April, 1848, I
fetched property from Stowe. It was on the 4th or sth
of April. I brought his Grace's clothes. Last March
I brought two dressing-cases and some guns. There
were no robes brought. There were four guns. The
dretsi. g-cases were silver gilt. They were there (at
Stowe) in April, 1847, till I brought them away in
March last. They were worth about 1001. altogether.
These things were at Stowe from April, 1847, till March,
1849.

Cross-examined—They were in the Duke's dressing-
room. I had charge of them. They were all locked up
in the dressing-room. The Duke had had the guns
many years. _ _ _

The- sheriff's return of nulla bona, dated the 4th of
August, 1848, was then put in and read.
This being the csinclusion of the plaintiff's. case,
Sir F. KELLY submitted that no case had been
proved. Ile said that the Attorney-General had opened
a case that from the date of the return, the 4th of
August, to the commencement of the action on the Bth,
there wero goods belonging to the Duke, which the
sheriff might have seized. The Duke of Buckingham
had sworn that there were no goods which were his
property alter the date of the deed. The things taken
away were not the Duke's property, though he was
allowed to have them.

Lord DEN MAN decliped to stop the ease.
Sir F. KELLY then addressed the jury for the defen-
dant, and said that on that occasion he rose to addle ss
them with feelings of the deepest pain, inasmuch as he
should be obliged in the performance of his duty to ani-
madvert to some extent on the conduct of one fir whom
he entertained profound respect and great personal re-
gard. The question was whether, in the mouth of July,
aed befor the Bth of August, tee Drakewas in the posses-
sion of property which it Was the duty of the sheriff of
the county of Buckingham to seize under this writ; and
not whether the plaintiff Ives a boa fide creditor of the
Duke cf Buckingham to the extent of 3.0001. It was of
seine importance to the feelings of the excellent and
noble Marquis of Chandos that it shooed appear before
the jury and the public that when he entered into the
transaction now in qu.sion he was not informed of the
the existence of the debt., it iode- d, it really existed
at all. He said if the debt existed at all, for the jury
might wall doubt that circumetance when they took
into account that the Duke of Buckingham would not
undertake to say that one shilling had teen adJanced
to him by the plaintiff at the time when the (le, d was
x,cuted, viz ,in ;May, 1847. His Learte d Friend
(the Attorney-General) had said that the transaction
was fraudulent and uniawitil ; tend fur that cause it
would be necessary for him (Sir F. Kelly) to triter fully
into the transaction, which on the part of the Marquis
of Chandos was one unparalleled for generosity. In
the month of May, 1847, when the deed now in quese
Lion was executed, the Duke of Buckingham had already
ceased to be the owner of any of the personal property
at Stowe or Wotton, the whole of which arts conveyed
to a person named Burchard, as a security. The Duke
succeeded to his estates en the death of his father, the
late Duke, which took place in the year 1839. The
settled property, called the Buckingham property, which
was situate in Buckinghamshire, Oxfordshire, and in
Ireland, produced 34,0001. a year. The unsettled pro•
perry produced 10,0001. a year, and the Chandos pro-
perty, which the Duke derived from his mother, who was
the heiress of the Marquis of Chandos, produced 17,0001.
a year, making a total of 61,000/. a year. Of the
Buckingham property the Duke was only tenant for life,
and the Marquis was tenant in remainder in tail. The
Chandos property was settled on the Duke for life, with
remainder to the Marquis of Chandos for life, and re-
mainder to his issue in tail. Such were the estates
which came to the Duke of Buckingham upon the death
of his father, the late Duke ; but he had so largely
increased the debts atter he came into posses-
sion of the property, that in the year 1844,
when the Marquis of Chandos came of age,
the Duke of Buckingham's debts amounted
to the sum of 1,100,000/. Immediately after the Mar-
quis came of age, and as soon as the necessary convey-
ances could he prepared, the Marquis became party to
a deed by which he took upon himself this charge of
1,100,0001., upon his property, and stipulated nothing
for himself. The Marquis did not gain a shilling by
that transaction, but made his estate liable for the pay-
ment of the sum of 1,100,0001. At that time the sum
of 400,000/. was raised in order to pay off some of
the debts, but only the sum of 200,0001. was appro-
priated to that object, and the rest disappeared. From
that time the debts of the Dtike continued to accumu-
late, till, in the month of May, 1847, they amounted
to the sum of 1,469,000/. The deed now in question
was then executed between the Duke of Buckingham
and the Marquis of Chandos. If, in the execution of
that deed any fraud had been ceramitted, it was by the
Duke of Buckingham himself, who was now called by
his own solicitor, the plaintiff, to prove that he had
been guilty of a fraud which was to set aside his own
deed. The other party to this alleged fraud was that
young nobleman, the Marquis of Chandos, who did not
owe one shilling, who had lived parsimoniously, and
who charged himself, arid the whole of his property,
of which he was the heir, with the payment
of his father's debts. That generous and noble
son was charged with fraud, who, to save his father's re-
putation, had sacrificed everything he had, both in pos-
session and expectancy. That deed, too, was executed
under the advice of one (Lord Brougham) who now sat
in court, and who once held, as he was worthy to hold,
the office of Lord High Chancellor of England. It was
executed under the advice of the most eminent counsel,
of Mr. Parker, and Mr. Kindersley, of the Chancery bar,
and yet it was denounced as a fraud—a legal fraud, his
friend (the Attorney-General) called it. The fact was
that the whole estate of the Dike did not produce enough
to pay the interest of the debts, which amounted to near
1,500,0001.; for these th.bts interest was paid at the rate of
5 per cent., and in souse eases higher; but as the whole
rental was only 60,0001. a year, it was manifest that that
sum was not sufficient to pay more than 4 par cent. interest..
The life interest of the Duke could not be valued at more
than three-fourths of the amount of his dons, and the
Marquis was one-fourth, bat as the Duke's interest was
charged much beyond its value, the only chance of
_pay-
ing off the 400,0001. beyond the value of the Duke's in-
terest was by the Marquis taking those debts upon him-
self. That he had done, and from the confidence
reposed in him by the mortgagees and creditors, it
was hoped that he would be able to satisfy
all the just debts of his father, though he
would be a beggar to the end of his life. He would
thus save the character, it not the property of his
family. Lord Chandos had been appointed receiver of
the estate, for which he was allowed 1,5001. a year, and
thus a saving of 1,500/. a year was effected, it being
usual for the Court of Chancery to allow 5 per cent. to
a receiver. Out of that income of 1,5001. a year, which
was hardly earned by the skill and industry of the Mar-
quis, be had allowed 5001. a year to his father, the Duke,
until the payment was stopped by the embarrassment
caused by the present action. He had also allowed
5001. a year to the Duchess, who had no other pro-
vision.

The ATTORNEY• GENERAL—Her jointure ?
Sir F. KELLY—No; the Duchess had no provision
during the Duke's lifetime. On the contrary, she was
now indebted for her daily bread to the 5001. which she
received from her son, who was now called to answer
the charge of fraud which was to be proved by his own
father. In May, 1847, the Duke delivered up possession
of the property; but it was said that four guns and two
dressing-cases, which were in the possession of the
Duke's servant, were sent for by the Duke; and the
Duke's solicitor, on the Duke's evidence, now wanted
to get a verdict on that transaction. The Learned
Counsel r then contended that as these ar-
ticles were on the premises when the
deed was executed, they passed under it, and the mere
circumstance that the Marquis permitted the Duke to
remove them did not prove that they were the Duke's
goods, which the sheriff had a right to seize in execu-
tion. The Learned Counsel concluded his address by
pronouncing a glowing panegyric on the generosity and
abilities of the Marquis of Cnandos, for whom, he said,
ho felt a degree of admiration which we rarely feel
towards one of our fellow-creatures.

Several witnesses were then called on the part of the
defendant to prove the various encumbrances on the real
and personal estate of the Duke previous to the execu-
tion of the deed now in question, and the consideration
for the same. A report of this evidence would not be
at all interesting to our readers, especially as it was
stopped by
The ATTORNEY-GENERAL, who said he was sorry his
learned friend (Sir F. Kelly) had misunderstood what
he (the Attorney-General) had said respecting the tran-
saction. He did not mean to impute anything wrong to
Lord Chantlos. He did not intend to impute fraud to
anybody, and certainly not to Lord Chandos, in refer-
ence to the transaction, though he had expressed his
feeling that it was hard that the phifitiff should suffer in
consequence. The plainuff Mr. Strutt, who had been
for many years the confidential adviser of the Duke, was
now satisfied that the transaction was fair and honest,
and abandoning any chance of obtaining immediate pay-
ment of his debt, he was ready to express himself satis-
fied of the validity of the deed.
Sir F. KELLY expressed himself perfectly satisfied with
the statement made by the Attorney-General that this
transaction was fair and correct both in morality and in
law. If he (Sir F Kells) had said anytleng painful to
the Deel:o's tedlings, anti had cf,lnl, any 1-4:'flectiun upon
hire, he hf artily regretted what hail Liken place.
Lord DENMAN then directed that jury to find a verdict
for the defendant, and added that lie never entertained a
doubt that this was a valid transaction on the opening cd.

the Attorney-General. His Lordship wished that 0(9
advice ut the notne persons who had been named bad
been had re..our,e t.. betore the action .as brought. As
it was, the plaintiff Iv. uld not be knger in otitainit g pay-
ment of his debt in cAisequence of the course which be
bad now pursutd.
Verdict fur the deGare'aqt,

NORTHERN UNI0:. of LITERARY
,IND ECHANIt;S' INSTITU
(Abridged trona the Carlisle Journal )
The second annual reeeinig of the del, gates from
Literary and Mechanics' Institutions of Not thuwber-
land, Durham, and Cumberland was held en Nlonclay
last, at the Athenaeum in this city, The Union was
established on the 15th of June, lest year, at a meeting
held at Hexham. The principal objects embrac( d by the
Union are-Ist, The interchange of opinion and advice 1
on the local management of literary institution., and the
consequent diffusion of improved inetheds-2d, Procur•
ing first rate lecturers on literary, scientific, and general
subjects of interest, at a much lower pecuniary cost than
can be done by isolated engagements-3.1, Supplying '
with manuscript lectures the smaller societies whose
funds will not admit of the engagement of professional
lecturers-4th, Association with a central committee
ever ready to advise from practical experience, to ex-
amine rules, and to secure the greatest benefits by com-
bined action and watchfulness-sth, Annual meetings,
itinerating and assisting each institution in due course
—6th, The gratuitous admission to the reading rooms
and lectures of the members of the associated institutes,
in visiting another town, by the production of their cards
of membership.
By the second rule, all institutions including amongst
their objects the intellectual advancement of the middle
and operative classes are admissible to the Union. Its
affairs are entrusted to a Central Committee, consisting
of a president, treasurer, honorary secretary, and ten
members selected from the institutions within an avail-
able distance from Newcastle, where the ordinary meetings
are held. The expenses of advertising and printing are
defrayed by subsetiptions from each institution—those
having less than. 200 members contributing 10s.; those
having 200, 205.; and upwards, 30s. per annum.
At twelve o'clock on Tuesday the delegates met in the
library of the Mechanics' Institution; George Craw-
shay, Esq., of Newcastle, President of the Union, pre-
sided. The ;following is a list of the delegates and the
institutions they represented:—
Newcastle, J. L. Thoreton ; Hexham, W. Robb ;
Winlaton, Geo. Walker and Joseph Cowan; Carlisle,
A. Davidson and Dr. Lonsdale; Wigton, John Rooke;
Workington, 11. Gladders and J. Mordy; Sunderland,
Booth and Clener; Alston,— Holmc;
Corbridtte, Etherby, Morperh, Kendal, Shotley Bridge,
Crook, Blvth, and Bowdon, did not send delegates.
Mr. J. L. THORNTON, the secretary, read the report,
which was unanimously adopted.
At three o'clock the delegates and several members of
the Carlisle Mechanics' Institution dined together at the
Royal Hotel. Robert Ferguson, Esq , was called to the
chair. The usual loyal toasts having been drank,
The CHAIRMAN said the next toast was " The
Northern Upton of M. chanics' institutes." In
!hey had an institution of their own which was
fl eirishirg in a high degree, and similar societies
in different parts of the county were conducted with
great spirit; and as they we re conducted on the
best principles, were likely to be attended
with success:. It was for the piirpose of forming
a union between them, d adopting whatever :night be
mutually discovet ed to be bone fiend, that they were met,
and he trusted that the union might prove of great ad-
vantage to all. He had great pleasure in proposing the
health of Mr. Crawshew, the President of the Unioen,
who had been kind enough to COl/10 from Newcastle to
give his assistance to the eieeling.—(Cheere.)
Mr. CRAWSUAY, in returning It alike, i bserve'd that
he had a lively sense of responsibility in assuming the
office of Chairman of the Northere Union ot Me-
chanics' Institutions. Ele cull not but regard the
step which had led to that union as one f ere-at im-
portance. It was not the first union of the kind that.
been formed. One had been formed in York-
shire, aid one in Scotland, and it was per-
fectly evident that other institutes would be formed
into unions, so that we might hope, in course of
time, to see a universal union, and the officers and mem-
bers of ail holding correspondence with each other.—
(Hear.) Accepting the office of chairman of the union of
the tour CoUtitleS was equivalent to saying at once that
he did value learning, science, and the improvement of
men; but he should not expatiate on the value of learn-
ing, or favour the company with any he might have him-
self. Ile was not so sanguine as to imagine that by
forming socit ties of any description whatever the cies°
of science and learning was greatly to be advanced di-
rectly. That could only proceed from individual and
hard labour. Each of us had a duty of a double nature
to discharge—to instruct ourselves, which duty he dis-
charged as well as he could—for be was brought up
amid literary pursuits, and continued them in business,
and should do so to the end of his life—and to give others
the means of instruction.—(Hear, hear.) He
thought their purpose on occasions of this kind was to
endeavour to contrive means by which opportunities
might be given to others for acquiring knowledge. He
hoped they would succeed in that object. This union was
formed at Hexharn last year. His first hearing of it was
that he was appointed president, and a single observation
would show the advantages of the union. Any member
of one of the 19 institutions it embraced had a free
pass, on showing his ticket, to the advantages of all
the others. If he came from Newcastle to Carlisle,
Hexham, or Workington, and produced his card of
membership, be was entitled to enjoy the use of the
libraries and the pleasure of the society of the members
of institutions in those places. In Workington, espe-
cially, he fancied that pleasure must be very great, for
20 per cent. of the members, he understood, were ladies.
—(Laugh ter.) Thus, pleasure as well as profit might be
derived from the union. The duty of the delegates
that day had been the examination of Mr. Thornton's
elaborate and elever report, giving an account of
every society in the union. They had examined it, and
cross-questioned Mr. Thornton upon it, very 'carefully,
and had been enabled to form just ideas of the ma-
nagement of the various institutions. They had also
arranged that next year a tabulated statement should be
produced, showing whether the institutions were in debt
or whether they bad saved money. Something had al-
ready been done that day ; next year they hoped to make
progress, and he might state that the committee were
fully satisfied that, with industry and care, great benefits
would result to the union from these meetings of dele-
gates. But whilst looking forward to the future, it was
only fit that they should taste the enjoyment of the
present, and a more auspicious commencement than
that of to-gay he thought it wou'd to almost impossible
to have. By such meetings a degree of intercourse was
promoted which eves highly desirable. For himself, he
had met with several whom he had n-ver met with
before, and he felt himself to be advanced in knowledge,
in common with his fellow delegates who bad done them-
selves the honour of attending on the present occa-
sion. The m, mbers of the associated institutions ought
to cultivate harmonious feelings, and no one could say
that the journey he undertook in order to promote
them was not worth the small expense and trouble
which it involved. In conclusion, he would be; to
propose the health of Mr. Ferguson, the President
of the Carlisle Mechanics' Institution—A g'ntle-
man who, he knew, had been most active and
benevolent in promoting its interests.—(Cheers.)
The CHAIRMAN returned thanks for the honour done
to his fattier, whose absence he regretted.
The VICE-CHAIRMAN proposed the health of the de-
legates.
Mr. RooKe returned thanks.
Mr. G. Graduate in a complimentary speech, proposed
" The Press of Carlisle," to which, he thought, Menha-
nics' institutions were greatly indebted for their success;
and he coupled with the toast the healths of Mr. Steel
and Mr. Perring.
Mr. PERRINO returned thanks, and took occasion to
express his extreme regret at the absence of Mr. Seel
from the meeting, on account of illness. lie trusted that
Mr. Steel, renovated in health, would be able to attend
the next anniversary of the union. Mr. Perring con-
cluded by expressing his approbation of the object of the
meeting.
Mr. JOHN STEEL also briefly returned thanks.
Mr. DAVIDSON proposed the health of " the Office-
bearers of the Northern Union," coupled with the health
of Mr. Thornton, the secretary.—(Cheers.)
Mr. THORNTON returned thanks.
Several others toasts were drank before the meeting
broke up.
The next meeting of the Union will be held in Sun-
derland. •
We understand that at the conclusion of the dinner
Mr. P. H. Howard intimated to the Secretary his willing-
ness at any time to throw open his beautiful grounds
and gardens at Corby to the members of any of the
institutions iu the union who might express a desire
"for a picnic party.

SUDDEN DEATH OF MAJOR CAMPBELL.—We re-
gret to state that Major Charles Campbell, an old Penin-
sular officer, died suddenly on Saturday afternoon, while
walking in Pall-mall. The deceased gentleman had for
a considerable period of time resided at the house of
Mr. Leggett, No. 46, Duke-street, St. James's, and
about four o'clock left his apartments in apparent health
to proceed to the Army and Navy Club (of which he
was a member). He reached the club in safety, and
after a short stay there, he left with the view of taking
his usual promenade. While passing the residence of
Mr. French, in Pall- mall, the unfortunate gentleman was
obsreved to stagger, when a gentleman passing by rushed
forward to his assistance, but the Major fell, and after a
short struggle he ceased to exist. Almost at the moment
two members of the club came up and recognised their
now deceased friend. Surgical aid was immediately pro-
cured, but all efforts at reanimation proved unavailing,
and Major Campbell was conveyed, a lifeless corpse, to
the apartments he had left a short time before. On
going out he complained of being very cold, but his
gt floral appearance did riot denote the existence of any
disorder. The deceased, who retired from the army io
1841 with full pay and the rank of Major, was about 68
years of age, and had spent tiny years in cunnexion with
the military service. Fur many years ho held his cum-
mission in the 61st (Gloucestershire) regiment of F.,ot,
and was with thaz regiment in E4ylY. and :he Peninsula.
He was also present at the battles of Talemwa, Sala-
:native, the Fyn noes. Nit, lie. Nye,i Orthee,and l'ouloteire
APOTHECARIES' HALL.— N MOWS of getitleinen lio
psssed their t X:011111t1U011 in the ;deuce and pr,ctice of
medicine, and received certificates to practise on Thur
day, June 28th:—George Gordon Lawrence W
Llandovery; Robert Taseell, Wye, near Ashford Kent;
Peter Allen, Stnarden, near Cranbroelc; William Junes,
St. John's, Newfoundland; Luke !denier, South Shields.
EXTENSIVE FORGERY ON THE BANK OF ENGLAND.
worinal fon has In ii It I" to*-trohulit.eu
police Lilut Henry 13rougnata Dawson, dell: to Messie.
Henry, manufacturers, of Brantord, had r .itained 95W.
by a fore: ry on tie.: Branch Lank o Eogiat,d Lteds,
with which ho had gone off. 100/. is offaed for his ap-
prehension.

THE
Cf Y 11q NRKETS.
LivEcrooL, JUNE 30.---There have been good arrivals of
foreign heat, flour, Indian corn, and beans, the last few days
but the supplies derived coastwise and from Ireland are still
small. At our Corn Exchange yesterday there was a fair de-
mand for wheat anti fi.iur, at the full prices of la-t Tuesday.
Oars and oatmeal met a moderate sale, and both were qt.ite as
dear. Barley, I).a.ris, and pea; were without change. At a
reduction of tid to 9d per quarter a fair quality of y, Low Indian
corn found buyers fur Ireland, bur white, being still scarce,
fully sustained late rains: top paices of )ellow Indian corn ss,
and c hite :,55, per 1S lb. To-ilay Indian corn is in demand at
yesterelay's prices. Nu change in the value of other articles
of the trade.

s. d.

- .J•
a. d. s. d.
Wheat, per 701 b Illarley, Feeding.. 3 8 to 4 0
English, white 73t0 7 e'llye, per 4801 b 28 0-30 0
Do. rid.. .. 7 0- 7 3 Leans, Emgl,sh, pr
Irish, new .. 63- 6 7, imperial quartr 34 0-36 0
Do., old • • •• 6 7- G 9 Irish and seoteli,
Dantsie • • • •
• Do., good mixed 7 6 7 6 - 7 8
0! ! per 4801 b.. • • 30 0
--31 0
- 8 Foreign, duty Pd. 24 0.- 24 G
Lowerßaltie,whit.: 6 11 - 7 (European, per
im-
Do. red.. 6 9 - 6 11l perial quarter.. 32 0 -33 0
American • • • 7 0- 7 4 Peas, English, per
Canadian • • .. 610 - 7 2 imperial quartr 32 0- 33 0
Spanish, red and Foreign
.. 29 0- 31 0
white.. • • • • 7 0- 7 4 Malt, English, per
Tuscan and Bar- Imperial quartr 53 0 - 61 0
letta, red --• •6 7 610 Do., Irish ••550 - 56 0
Marianopoli • . • • 510 - 6 0 Do., brown •• 54 0- 57 0
Odessa, l'olish • • 5 10 -- 6 1 Flour, English, pr
hard.. • • 5 2- 5 6 280Ib •• 35 0- 36 0
Egyptian
4 3- 5 0 Iri-h,.extra fine 36 0 37 0
•• • •
Oats, per 451 b United States, per
English and Scotch 211- 3 2 barrel .. 24 0-26 6
Welsh •• •• 2 7- 2 il Canadian .. 24 6- 23 6
Irish, new .. .. 2 8- 2 9 Oatmeal, English,
Do., old .. 2 9- 2 10 & Scotch,pr24olb 25 6 -26 0
Barley, English, pr Irish, new .• •• 24 0 -25 0
imperial quarter 30 0 -32 C Do., old .. •23 6- 24 0
Irish, Scotch, and Indi al corn, per
I,llanx,per6olb.. 3 8 - 3:10 4801 b • • .. 34 () -36 0
MANCHESTER, JUNE 30.-In the early part of the week the
flour trade was further stimulated by the accounts from Lon-
don, Liverpool, and other leading markets, and rather higher
rates were demanded for choice marks of fresh-made English-
Subsequently, however, an inactive feeling prevailed ; butfac-
tors, influenced by the reduced nature of the stocks in first
hands and the limited supplies now coming forward, continued
to require fully previous rates, Oatmeal has been in limited
request throughout the week, without material change in
value. The imports of foreign wheat, beans, Indian corn, and
barrel flour at Liverpool are to a liberal extent ; but of English
or Irish produce the arrivals are so light as to be unworthy of
notice. Our Market this morning was of a languid character,
the business passing in any article being altogether confined to
the purchases made by necessitous buyers; and whilst hollers
were firm in demanding fully the currency of this day se'nnight
for the best description of wheat and flour, oats and oatmeal
must be noted the turn cheaper.
READING, JUNE 30.-Wheat, per quarter, 34s to 625; bar-
ley, 25s to 355; oats, 16s to 23s ; beans, 30s to 40s; peas,
30s to 38s. Fat hogs, Os Od to Os Od; porkers, Os to Os per
score. Poultry-Fouls, per couple, sis Od to 4s Od ; ducks,
per couple, 3s Od to 3s 6d ; geese, each, Os Od to Os Od; butter,
per lb, 10d to 124 ; eggs, 18 to '2O for Is.
ABERDEEN, JUNE 29. -Grain-Oats 15s 94 to 16s 6d, 401 b per
bushel ; barley, 23s to 245, 521bs per bushel ; bear, 233 to 245,
52 lbs per bushel ; wheat, 46s to 52s ; oatmeal, 13s 6d to 14s 2d
per boll ; flour, 37s to 45s per sack. Provisions-Beef,
5d to 7d per lb; mutton, ditto, 5d to 7d; veal, ditto' 5d
to 6d ; pork, per stone, 4s 64 to 5s ; lamb, per Ib, . d to 7d;
tallow, pe,• stone, 4s to 4s 64 ; rotatoes, per peck, Is to Is 2d ;
hay, per cwt, Os to Os ; rabbits, each Od to Os ; hares, each, Os
to Os ; grou,e, per brace, Os to Os ; butter, per Ib, 7d to Sd ;
eggs, per duz, Sit to 9d ; cheese, per stone, Os to Os ; hens, per
pan, Is 84 to 2s Od ; chickens, (laic., Is 4d to Is 6d ; ducks, ditto,
is Od to Is 4d ; ducklings, ditto, Is 84 to 2s 2d; turkeys, each, 3a
6,1 to 4s: d; geese, ditto. Us to Us; butter tnr exportation (present
cure ), per cat, 6.7 P, to COs; eggs, wholesale price, per dozen, sict
to Id ; 4b loaf, 64 ; 21b boat, 3d ; pork, per stone of 14 Ibs,
3s 6d to Os Od; pork fine, small, Os 6d to Os Od ; pork large,.
3s 6d to 4s &I; ship pork per barrel of '204 lbs, Os to Os.
Meal-Oatmeal, Is 3d to Is 4d; bearmeal, Is 3d to is 4d,
peasemeal, Is 10d to 2s; lids, 7d to Od • barley flour, Is 44 to
Is 5d ; barley dust, 74 to 8d ; flour, 1s lOd to 2s; barley, per lb,
Id to lid.
DA LKEITH. JUNE 2 -The relative weight per four bushels
of the three prices of wheat wers 18st 121 b, 18st 61b, and 17st
21b. (late, 13st lib, 12st 61b, and I Ist 4ib. Barley, 16st 31b,
10st Ilb, arid 15st 711). Peas and beans, 19,t Sib, 18st 61b,
and 18st tulbs.
Qrs. Best. Current. Inferior.
273 Wheat ...£2... 13 6 £2 9 0 .E 1 17 0
727 Oats
118 Barley 1 9 3 1 7 0 1 4 0
30 Peas and Beans 1 13 0 1 11 0 1 10 0
Average of wheat 4Bs Sid.
GLASGOW CATTLE MARKET, JUNE 28. -At our market
to-day the numbers were-oxen, 62. ; sheep, 1,0, 2 ; lambs,
2,005. The number of cattle being large caused a dull sale,
with prices in favour of the buyer. Best ox beef sold at 50s
per cat, inferior bullocks and cows, 40s to 453 per ditto; sheep,
best aged wetliers, brought Sid per Ib, inferior 4d to 5d per
ditto; lambs dull sale, and prices varied from 4s to 14s. At the
close of the market a great number of cattle, sheep, and.
lambs turned out unsold.
BELFAST, JUNE 28.-Wheat from the country is taken im
as it appears at former rates. Parcels, ex store or ship, have
been sold at an advance of 5s per ton for fine qualities, whilst.
inferior are not readily sold at former prices. 1-folders of fo-
reign look for an advance of 5s to 10s per ton, which checks the
demand. Irish lots, 9/ 158 to 101 108; Petersburgh, 81 153 to
9, ss; Odessa, 915 s to 101; Baltic and American, IQ/ 5s to 111
lOs per ton. Flour is in rather better demand at former prices.
American held for 24s 9d to 265, being an advance of 9d to is
per barrel, which checks the demand. Barley-Both supply
and price is nominal. Oats are in fair demand at former prices.
Parcels, ex ship, sell at 71 per ton for feeding. Oatmeal con-
tinues in fair demand at former rates. Indian corn is a free
sale at former rates, say 8/ lOs per ton for yellow, and 81 15s to.
9/ for white.
CORK, JUNE 27.-The supply of that of home growth is not.
worth noticing. In wheat, whether Irish or foreign, we have•
not had much business doing. Holders demand an advance of
6d to Is per barrel, and this has checked business. We have-
no free-on-board sales in oats to report, any business passing
being confined to the merest retail purchases for feeding pur-
poses. We have a better demand for. and an improved feeling
in flour, which has gone off more freely this week. Prices tend
upwards, but as yet we cannot quote any actual advance. We
have had a moderate business passing in Indian corn, in which
holders endeavoured, but unsuccessfully, to establish an
advance. We therefore quote prices unchanged from last
week, the current rates being 8/ 2s 6d to 81 7s 6d
• per ton. Indian meal also remains without alteration.
Flour-Firsts 14s Od to 143 6d; extra 15s Od ;
seconds, 12s 6d to 13s 6d; households lOs to 12s; thirds, 8s to lOs
per cwt. Oatmeal 13s Od to Os; Indian meal 8s 3d to 8s 6d; wheat
meal, lOs 6d tu llsper cwt. Indian corn 7115 s to 815, per ton.
Bran 4/ Os to 4158 per ton. Hay-Farmers 408 Od to 425; average
308; dealers 44s to 465; average 44s Od per ton. Straw-Farmers
26a 03 to 33s Od ; average 30s ; dealers 40s Od to 44s Od;
average 00s Od per ton. Bread-Wheaten loaf 6d to 61c1;
household loaf 5d to Sid per 41b. Fresh butter, 8d to
9J per lb. Eggs -4sBdto 4s 10d per hundred. Coals—
Newport 15s; Lydney 16s; Landore 15s; Best Neath.
Culm 145 per ton. Tallow 40s Od to 00s per cwt.
Whisky, 25 o. p., 6s Od per imperial gallon. Meat
-Beef 4d to 7d; mutton 5d to 6id ; veal bid to
7d; pork 4d to bid; bacon 7d to 8d; sausages 6d per
lb. Hops 62 10s per cwt. Bangor slates 3/ 2s 6d to 3/ 5s per
ton. Bark-Barbary 81 to 8/ les; Valonia 141 to 0/ ; French
71103; English 0/ per ton. Fleece Wool 105 to Its per stone.
Hemp 31/ to 36/ per ton. Fish- Scotch herrings 178 to 18s ; red
ditto 265 to '2Bs per barrel ' • Newfoundland 10/ 10s to 12, pew
ton. Timber-New Memel 4/ 10s; old scarce; red pine 3 1
15s; yellow pine 31 per ton; deals, first quality, 201; second
quality, 171 per 120. Hides -- Market lOs to 14s; salted Ils to
145 per cwt ; calf skins lid to 2-1-d ; market lid to 2d per lb..
Potatoes, white 14d to 15d; Minions 194 to 20d • Guano-.
Peruvian, 11/ to 111108; Ichaboe 91 per ton ; Tar-Archangel,
19s per barrel.

RA.11.4 WA Y s it " i('VETS

LIVERPOOL, JUNE 30.

STOCK EXCHANGE.—The transactions to-day were as follow :
Lancashire and Yorkshire Fifths, 3% dis.—Ditto, Halves (1. and B.).
10% dis.—Lancaster and I reston, Ti.ree•quarter Shares, 12 p.__
London and North-Western,
,New Quarters, p.— .hand! ester,
,lieflield, and Lincolnshire, Eighths, 965. &I.—Ditto, Preference,
11%—Midland, Halves, 124 dl-.—North St.dfor, shire, dis.—
York, Newcastle, and Berwick (G. N. E. Purchase). 6 per cent. till
1850, 3•3 i, dis.—North Union (A), 2221 Shrewsbury and Chester
(N. W. M.), Preference, iruarantek'd 8 per cent., 151,6—South-
Eastern and Dover (No. 4), oc --York and North Midland, 32
Ditto, Preference (6 per cent. till 1850), 3!.i dis.
111.101 I NtlfiA.M, JUNE 30.
STOCK EXCHANGE.— The transactions to-day were as follow :
London and North-Western, 132—Midland, 6 per cent., 125 —North
Staffordshire, 44 dis.—Shrewsbury and Birmingham (A), 6 dis.
YORK, JENE 29.
STOCK EXCHANGE.—The transactions to-day have been as fol-
low: Great Northern, 10%—North British, Thirds, 378—Eastern
Counties, B%—York, .Newcastle, and Berwick (Newcastle Exten-
sion), 14%—Ditto (G. N. E. Purchase), 4% n.—York and North
Midland, 33k.

NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE, JUNE 30.
STOCK EXCHANGE.—The business done in the Stock Exchange
to-day has been as follow : —Caledonian, 2634—Hartlepool Dock and
Railway, 134%--Newcastle and Carlisle, 95—Ditto, Scrip, 95%
Great Northern, Preference, 2 1-16—North British, Preference, 21. t(la
6d. York, Newcastle, and Berwick, 21—Ditto (G. N. E. Pur-
chase), 4y,