The Sun.
London, England, 1825-12-27 00:00:00

UNITED STATES.

SUFFERERS AT M RAMICIII.—The amount of
subscriptions for the relief of the sufferers by fire in the Pro•
vince of New-Brunswick, contained op the paper at Merchant's
Hall, including the sums subscribed at most of the Insurance
offices, is about 3170 dollars. There will probably be two or
three hundred dollars to be added, besides the contributions on
Sunday last in the several churches. We have seen a statement
of the collections in only fourteen churches. These amount' to
about 2700 dollars. The. amount collected in Federal street
church, was 529 dollars—Brattle-street church, 352 dollars—
in the New South, 318 dollars----in the church in Chambers ,
street, 202 dollars. The whole amount collected in town for this
object, is probably between seven and eight thousand dollars.—
(Boston Advertiser.) •,
The voluntary subscriptions at Merchant's Hall, for the re-
lief of the New Brunswick sufferers, amounted, on Monday last
to 3.000 dols. Collections were taken at the different churches
for the same purpose.
BANKS.—WhiIe some hanks are giving way, and carrying
with them the fortunes of many an industrious citizen, we see
the spirit of enterprise is not so far damped as to prevent new.
applications for charters. Whether public confidence in these
institutions has received a damper, time only can show. The
Albany papers announce that—Application will be made to the
Legislature of New-York to incorporate the North American
Gas Light Company in the city of New York, with a capital of
800,000 dols.—To incorporate the Erie Canal Transportation
Company, capital 200,000 dols.—To incorporate the Jefferson
Wet Dock Company in New York, capital 250,000 dols. with
privilege to increase to 500,000 dols.—To incorporate the Ame-
rican Loan Company in New York, capital 200,000 dols. To
incorporate the Onondago County Bank, to be located at Syra-
cuse, capital 300,000.
'l'o show how great was the effect of the failure of the Eagle
Bank at New-Haven upon one class of the community, we
will relate the following anecdote : An ignorant Hibernian,
having received a check on the United States' Branch Bank in
this city for his Summer's labour, presented it to be cashed.—
The Teller counted bins out the amount in United States'
Bank bills bearing the impress of the Eagle, which the Hiber-
nian at once refused to receive, declaring he would take no eaglo
• notes, as the bank had failed. An attempt was made to eon-
vince,him of his error, but in vain, but the specie was accord-

ingly paid him.--:-(Bait; Pat.)
SouTer AmEntca.—Our commercial intercourse with the
new States of South America is becoming of increased im-
portance every day. We are induced to make this remark
from having seen a list of clearances fbr Brazil and South
America, since the .Ist August—it includes eighteen ships,
sixty-six brigs, and twenty schooners, laden chiefly, we pre-
sume, with the produce of this country, of which flour is
the most prominent article. This does not include vessels for
the Spanish Main and Gulf of Mexico, nor those cleared from
New -Bedford and Nantucket, which are probably whaling
ships.—(Bolt. Pat.)
Missounr.—The Lead Mines of Missouri arc said to be
the most extensive on the globe. They cover an area of more
than 3000 square miles, and the ore is of the richest and
purest kind, and exists in quantities sufficient to supply the
whole United States. The annual produce of the mines is
more than 3,000,000 pounds, the estimate of which is about
120,000 dollars. The number of mines is 165, in which there
are more than 1,100 men employed.
MassacHussms.—Phis is the only State in the' Union
whose constitution appoints titles to the officers of government.
The Governor is entitled " His Excellency," the Lieutenant-
Governor, " His Honour." From 1780, when the constitution
was framed up to the present year, a period of 45 years, there
have been 11 different Governors.
VERMONT.— The present Constitution is somewhat different
from those of the other States. The Legislative department con-
sists only of one body—a house of representatives—which is cho-
sen annually. The Executive powers are vested in a governor,
and a council of twelve members, who are also annually chosen,
and in whom the power or appointment to all offices not other-
wise provided for is vested. All bills passed by the assembly
must be laid before the governor and council for revision and
concurrence, or for the purpose of amendment. If they return
the same with amendments, and the representatives disagree,
the Governor and council may suspend the passing of the bills
until the next legislature.
INDlANA.—lndiana has a favourable and agreeable climate.
The winters are milder and shorter than in the Northern States,
and the summers are, in general. not warmer. The spring
commences about the middle of February. The peach blos-
soms in March, and the woods arc green by the 10th of April.
The country •in the upper part of the State is high and
healthy, and the districts along the rivers are likewise so,
with the exception of the vicinity of swamps and marshes.
An extensive sale of wool took place at Boston on the 9th
instant, at which Saxony wool brought 53 cents to 190 ; and
Merino' from 50 to 114 cents. The fleeces from the flock of
Roger Coit, Esq. of Plainfield, Conu. fetched the highest
price ; and those from the flocks of S. and L. Hurlbert and W.
Kenne, Eng. of Connecticut; and of Professor Ticknor and
J. Thorndike, jun. Esq. of Boston, brought from 04 to 76
cents per lb.
SEVERITY OF I.'I32.4"ISIIMENT.—At the late session of
the General Assembly of Rhode-Island, Palmer Hines,
who was confined in ihe jail in Washington County, as a
convict, stated that the petitioner had been convicted before
the Supreme Court of the crime of burning a barn and sen-
tenced to pay a fine of 1,000 dollars, to be imprisoned for
four years, to stand in the pillory, to have both ears cropped,
and be branded in the lace with the letter B. After some dis-
cussion, in which corporal punishments and mutilations were
condemned, the petition was rejected by a vote of 211 to 22,
principally on the ground, that to acquiesce in it would be to •
cast an indirect censure on the Court which passed the sentence.
It appeared, however, to be the general feeling, that the Court
would gratify the Assembly by remitting the part of the sen-
tence which refers to mutilation. The Providence Journal, in
reference to this application, states that James Killington, of
Rhode-Island, who had been sentenced, and suffered for for-
gery, had made a successful application to the General Assem-
bly for his restoration to the privileges of a citizen.
Louis-v.II,LE ADV.—Gunpowder is wagoned in large quan-
tities from Leexington to Louisville. A week or two shice,
a wagon, loaded with about one hundred quarter kegs: of ;
powder, packed in hay, was descending a bill, when the lock
chain gave way. The driver stopped at the first black-
smith shop he came to, in order to get it repaired. The •
smith immediately forged an open ring as thick as a
man's finger, and clapping it, red hot, round the upright bolt
in the side of the body, the wood and hay began to smoke, and
he called out to the driver that he would blow his load up. The
wagoner instantly turned, and tore the smith, tongs and ring
away, when, by rubbing and spitting, he extinguished the fire,
which had taken hold of some of the spears of hay, that ex-
tended through the cracks in the body of the waggon. Powder
kegs are seldom made perfectly right. The consequence is,
that in transporting this article, from one place to another in
wagons, the jolting throws oat a considerable portion of pow-
der, in the shape of dust, which is caught and retained by the
hay or straw in which the kegs are packed. Had another mi-
nute elapsed, before the wagoner seized the blacksmith, it is
almost morally certain, that the whole load of powder would
have exploded, as some pounds of powder dust were found in
the bottom of the wagon, when unloaded.
In the proceedings of the common council of the city of New
York, one of the Aldermen stated a fact which shows the very
rapid improvement of the city. The increase on the value of
real estates in one of the Wards was stated to amount to the sum
of nine millions of dollars.
Bellows Falls are in Connecticut river, at Walpole. The
whole descent of the river, in the space of 100 rods, is 44 feet.
There are several pitches, one above another, at the highest of
which a large rock divides the stream into two channels, each
about 90 feet wide.
The population of Tennessee in 1800, was 105,602 ; the cen-
sus of 1820 made it 422,613.
The population in Louisiana in 1810, was 20,825 ; in 1820,
it had increased to 153,4t)7.
The city of Boston has appropriated 78,500 for the benefit of
its schools during the current year.
RHODE Isnalen.—Four new Lotteries have been granted at
the present session of the Legislature.
The Ohio river is now very low, and very few steam boats
can run without a great risk.
Mississippi and Alabama contained in 1800, a population of
8,856; in 1820, the number was 219,756.

SAGACITY OF RATS.—A t Amsterdam, in a
street called the Wood-market, recently lived a man, who was
curious in keeping fowls. One of his hens, though in the midst
of summer, had several days stopped yielding her usual produce,
and yet made her usual cackling ; he searched the nest, but
could not find even the shell of an egg, which made him re-
solve to watch her closely. He accordingly the next clay placed
himself in such a situation as to be able to observe her motions
minutely ; when to his great surprise he saw her discharge her
egg, but no sooner was she off the nest, than three rats mad•
their appearance. One of them immediately laid himself on his
back, whilst the others rolled the egg upon his belly, which he
clasped between his legs and held it firm ; the other two then
laid hold of his tail and gently dragged him out of sight. This
wonderful sagacity was exhibited for severaf,days to some curious
observers.