The Sun.
London, England, 1849-10-27 00:00:00

SU N LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING-, OCTOBER 27, 1849,

The Monkey team- ve sel , Master Commander
Bryant, towed up the Fly lighter and the Beaver
steam-vessel to lrengate-stairs this mornirg to be
stationed a: moorings in the river.
The Ja=per steam-vessel is to be under the charge
of Mr. Follit, and the Advice under Mr. Fogden, and
will be stationed below London-bridge.

COURT CIRCULAR.
WINDSOR, FILIDAY.

His Royal Highness Prince Albert and the
younger branches of the Royal Family took their
wual early walk this morning.
His Royal Highness afterwards went out hunting,
attended by General Wemyss and Colonel Seymour.
There will be no addition to the royal dinner party
this day.
Sir James Clark arrived at Windsor Castle this
morning.

Dispatches were received yesterday at the Colonial-
office, from the Governors of New Zealand, New
South Wales, South Australia, Van Diemen's
Land, the Cope of Good Hope, Sierra Leone, and
Gibraltar.

HEALTH of the QUEEN DOIVAGER.
(From the Court Circular.)
In the early part of Thursday night her Majesty
had some refreshing sleep, but towards morning was
greatly exhausted by the violence of her cough, and
remains rather more feeble than en Thursday.

C:
a:i P'

made no defence, and the court sentenced Lim to be dis-
inis,ed from her Majesty's service. Ale has been a gunner
for the last twenty 3-cars, and of late he has been re-
peatedly found drunk, and warned of the consequences.

CHOLERA AND DIARRH(EA

ENGLAND AND WALES.

The following is the Return of Deaths from Cholera and
Diarrhoea reported to the General Board of Health
October 26, 1849 :
SUPERINTENDING REGISTRAR'S DISTRICT.
Deaths.
Cholera. Diarrh,
1 0
1 0
0 1
1 0
1 0
3 0
1 0
1 0
4 1
12 0
2 0

Basford (Bu1well) ••• •••
Bedford... ..• ••• •••
Birmingham •••
Bosmere (Needham Market)
Bradford (Cleekheaton)
Bridgwater ••• •••
Cheiter-le-Strcet
Chorhon (ilulme district) •
Outten (Midsummor Norton)
Cockrrmouth (Maryport dis )
Dewsbury (Batley)
Dudley (Sedgley and Rowley

- 2 0
O 1
1 0
2 0
2 0
O 1
O 1
O 1
O 1
1 1

Regis) ...
Glantord Brigg (Barrow) ...
Glendall (Ford district) ...
flundet (llalton and Seacroft)
Knaresborough
Liverpool ...
Mailing (Etta Peckham)
Medway (Gillingham)
Newbury ...
Newcastle-on-Tyne •••
Newton Abbott (Torquay and
Chudleigb)
Oldham •••
Peterborough ...

• • • "'"""

••• ."

••• "-.

Itichdale
St. Thomas (Alphington)
Salford (Pendleton)
South Shields (Westee)
Stourbridge (Kingavvinford)
Tadeaster (Aberford)
Tynemouth (larsdon)
alsall (Borough)
Watford (Bushey)
Wigan ...
Witney (Fulbrook)

• • • ......

• • • '''

••• .....

••• ........

Total ...

SCOTLAND.

Lillislicaf, Selkirk •••
Fanbride Of.
Boness ••• •••
Q leensberry (from Oct. 4)
Dalmeny (from Sept. 25) ...
Cu mbvrnauld- by-Glasgow ...
Dundee ••• ••• •••

• • • --.

• • • ......

• • . "'".

Hawick
Pcebles

•• • ."....'

•1 • .....

Total

GENERAL TOTAL.
Eny,land and Wales •••
Scotland

•••

Total

••• ...."

NOTE.--The deaths are returned according to the
inish every place separately.
superintendent registrars' districts, as it is found im•
practicable to diAgu
The house-to-house visitation of the metropolis having
almost ceased, no further returns will be published.

CHURCH PATRONAGE.
The Whigs are fortunate fellows. Noted since
the Revolution of 1688 for the number of their
relatives courting promotion in the Church, they
are rarely six months in office before some pious
prelate, " full of years and good works," is sum-
moned to exchange a mitre for a celestial crown,
leaving behind him sundry crumbs of patronage
for the solacing of the nepotistic yearnings of the
members of this happy family. Hardly is the Epis-
copal see of Norwich filled up when a vacancy is
created in that of Llandaff, the next fortunate Bishop
of which is to have his income quadrupled, upon the
understanding that he leave the Deanery of St. Paul's
as a delicious morsel for some other hungry son of the
Church not yet exalted to the dignity of the lawn, the
crozier, and the mitre. The Whigs have not been a
very long time in office, and yet they have had the ap-
pointment of the two Primates—the promotion of
Bishops to the sees of Hereford, Chester, Manches-
ter, Norwich, and we know not how many Sees
in Ireland and the Colonies ! Now they have
another mitre to dispose of. Is it not time, there-
fore, that an official announcement were made of the
dignity to be conferred upon the Rev. James A.spinall,
Rector of Althorpe, in Lincolnshire ? He has rendered
the State some service, and his promotion ought not
to assume the tardy character which it now appears to
wear. Three weeks ago it was reported that he was
to be appointed to succeed Dr. Hind, the new Bishop

of Norwich, as Dean of Carlisle, but as yet we are I
without any well-authenticated information upon
the subject. Why not now confer upon him the
Bishopric of Carlisle ? He would be just the
man to aid the Committee of Privy Council on
Education in effectually resisting the unreasonable
claims of the Church, and to co•operate with Dr.
Kay Shuttleworth in carrying out his plans of
National Education. Few Churchmen have done
so much for the cause of National Education as
ti.c, _Limes Asiainan. His labour Las not
been confined to one parish or one locality.
Wherever there was ground ready for the recep-
tion of good seed, he was prepared to sow it, and
by so doing to render the Church more popular
with the people. The excellent Dean of Ripon is ,
his only competitor in the north of England, and
the Dean's competition is of a comparatively recent
date. But while the Dean's position is such as to
reflect credit upon those who placed him in it,
Mr. Aspinall is all but buried alive in a remote
country parish in Lincolnshire. He is a candle
placed under a bushel or a bed, instead of an episcopal
candlestick, giving light to a nation. The interest
of the Church requires the exaltation of such men.
There is a sad want of a few really popular bishops—
of prelates actually conversant with the real con-
dition, and capable of manfully sympathising
with the sufferings and the wants of the
great body of the people. We want practical
business men, like the excellent Archbishop of Dublin,
for instance, and not mere theologians, or College
pedants, more conversant with the niceties of Greek
prosody than with the management of industrial
schools, the want of baths and washhouses and
the duty of providing better dwellings for
the labouring classes. Dr. Whately, Arch-
bishop of Dublin, has done more to reconcile
Catholics and Protestants, and to produce una-
nimity of action in the advancement of popular
education, since his appointment to the metropo-
litan see of Dublin, than all the Irish prelates
have done since the days of Dean Swift. The
Government may depend upon it that it is pre-
lates of this stamp that are now required in the
Church—men of great popular experience and
large popular sympathies. Unless the clergy
prove themselves to have feelings in common with
the people they will soon begin to lose all hold upon
their aflections. And this they cannot do unless they
be selected from a different class of persons than
those who have hitherto been most fortunate in

obtaining preferments in the Church. There is the I
Rev. Mr. Paton, in Kent, author of the pamphlet
" Education, What it Is, and What it Is Not ;" he
would be a most proper clergyman for promotion in
the Church. He would make an excellent bishop.
But as he is still comparatively a young man, he can
gracefully give way to the Rector of Althorpe.
Among the great number of honorary cathedral
dignities which are daily becoming vacant, we are
sorry that none has yet been conferred upon the
venerable vicar of Hull, the Rev. J. H. Bromby.
We consider that at the hands of the Whigs we
have some reason to complain of this. Mr.
Bromby has been now for upwards of fifty years
the respcctable and the respected vicar of Holy
and during all that time he has been faithful
to the principles of the great party of Fox, Grey, and
Russell. The good vicar has taken too deep root
among us to allow us to demand for him any
promotion in the Church which would remove him
from the old vicarage. All we ask—all we
look to Lord Carlisle and A Ir. Baines to obtain for
him—is some cathedral dignity which may serve
as an official and ecclesiastical recognition of the esti-
mation in which our rulers hold conduct so consist-
ent, principles so sound, and a long life so unostenta-
tiously useful as that of the vicar of Hull.
The honours which are conferred upon virtuous
old age can lead to no abuse, and, therefore,
must reflect credit upon those who bestow them.
Though apt now and then to speak hardly of the
Whigs, we are always anxious that they should so
distribute the patronage of the Church as to do justice
to the claims of virtue, learning, and true religious
toleration.—Hull Advertiser.

PLYMOUTH, OCT. 25.—TAE ROYAL MARINES.—At
the Plymouth division of the Royal Marine; on 'Tues-
day last, five of the veteran sergeants were presented
by the second officer in command, Colonel Ballingale,
with the modals which were awarded to them for their
meritorious conduct. The Colonel more especially ex-
patiated on the services of Sergeant Archer, which ex-
tended over a period of upwards of fifty-one years, the
first six of which were passed in fighting the battles of
his country in various parts of the globe, Let more
especially on the sands of Egypt, where, with the brave
Abercrombie, ho well sustained the honour of England.
The evening was passed by the veterans in entertaining
their fellow-sergeants. The names of the veterans who
received this substantial mark, of their country's ap-
proval of their services, were Sergeant-Major Morgan,
Sergeants Archer, Yeomans, Wilhes, and Adhins, who
nnmber among them upwards of 186 years' service,
155 as non-commissionta officers. Each medal car-
ries with it an annuity for lite, ranging from 101. to 201.
per annum.
ROTTERDAM, OCT. 25.—Prince Lucien Bonaparte
arrived here this morning, by the mail steam-ship Ocean,
from Lobo.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

SIRS The passage in which the Apostle of the
Gentiles has prohibited Sabbath-keeping, may use-
fully be made the subject of more remarks. How-
ever an Anglican bishop by his proprio mote may
set his foot on the Apostle's claim to know anything
about the matter, the pagan Longinus will be found
right in his opinion, that Paul of Tarsus, (though like
the bishop he abnegated his authority), was a master
of his weapons in any cause he undertook.
The words of the Apostolic direction, after more
accurately rendering one or two not very happily
given in the common translation but about which it
is apprehended there will be no dispute, are these:
" Let no man therefore judge you, in meat, or in
drink, or in respect of a feast, or of the new moon, or
of the sabbaths. Which are a shadow of things
to come; but the body is of Christ."—Coloss. ii. 16.

Holyday as the common translation has it, gives
little or no idea. The Apostle's word is " feast,"
being the term constantly used in the New Testa-
ment for Jewish celebrations. And "judging you
in respect of a feast," clearly means, "setting up to
be judge over you, to decide that such or such is a
feast you ought to keep." What then were the
Jewish celebrations which came under the title of
"feasts" ? .

And now to see the clearness of the great Hebrew,
who was as much at home in his native religious

law, as an Anglican bishop knows little of his own.
is there a peasant well-read in the Bible, who does
not see that the Apostle had in view the passage in
Leviticus,—
" The feasts of the Lord, which ye shall proclaim to
be holy convocations, even these are my feasts.
" Six days shall work be done : but the seventh
day is the sabbath of rest, an holy conkiocation ; ye
shall do no work therein : it is the sabbath of the
Lord in all your dwellings.
" These are the feasts of the Lord, even holy con-
vocations, which ye shall proclaim in their seasons.
[The others, mark, were things of constant occurrence,
and therefore did not want " proclaiming in their
seasons."]
" In the fourteenth day of the first month at even
is the Lord's passover.
" And on the fifteenth day of the same month is the
feast of unleavened bread" [and so goes on to enumerate
other feasts and their regulations.]—Lev. xxiii. 2 to 6.
It is difficult to know what an Apostle, or a Council,
or an Article in a Creed, could do to say more dis-
tinctly, that sabbath-keeping, along with the observa-
tion of meats and of new moons, was struck out of
the roll of Christian observances.

It is undeniable that the Apostles, in some way or
other, found themselves' possessed of great power in
the way of countermanding Jewish observances.
With this it is not our business to cavil • for, but for
this, we should have been suh'ected at this hour to the
most onerous of Jewish rites. The presumption must be
that they were ordered for particular families or parti-
cular races. Circumcision is three times over declared
to be " an everlasting covenant ;" (Gen. xvii. 7, 13, 19)
and yet, principally or entirely through the inter-
ference of the despised Apostle, we are not circum-
cised. The Passover, the feast of Unleavened Bread,
the sprinkling the door-posts with blood, the offering
of first fruits, the feast of Pentecost, the day of Atone-
ment, the feast of Tabernacles, are each severally
declared to be statutes for ever. And yet we keep
none of them, simply upon the strength of the dis-
pensing power of St. Paul. These we are to be al-
lowed to dispense with on the Apostle's authority;
but the other we shall not; and it shall be put back
into the oiderly-book because it suits the purposes of
priestly domination which St. Paul repudiated, and
we shall be abused and black-guarded (I purposely
use the gross term, as the only one that is descriptive)
if we presume to resist the sacerdotal falsehood of our
own day, as our fathers did in theirs.
Fancy now, that at the period when some bold and
good man took to pieces at St. Paul's-Cross the image
which goggled with its eyes, and showed the multi-
tude how the whole was a sacerdotal fraud, dependent
on springs and wheels which he handed about among
the crowd,—fancy that a morning paper of that day,
if there had only been such a thing in existence, had
published a letter to the Lord John Russell of the
hour, beginning "My Lord,—Are you a Christian
or an infidel ? Do you or do you not believe that the
Church has power to make images which can goggle
with their eyes ?" Or suppose it had taken this
other form, "My Lord,—Are you a Christian or
an infidel ? Do you or do you not believe that the
Bible gives authority to the Pope to depose kings ?"
Or suppose it had been this third—" My Lord,—Are
you a Christian or an infidel ? Do you or do you
not believe that the Bible authorises the Church to
sell the forgiveness of sins for money ?" Had any
of these half insolent and half insane addresses been
directed to the Premier of our bluff Elizabeth, I
leave it to admirers of ancestral virtues, to paint as
their imaginations may suggest, the cool concentrated
scorn with which the fling of the feeble animal would
have been received, and retorted only by more
vigorous action agailist the clumsy fraud.
But the Lord John Russells of all times must take
care of themselves; and whether they do or not, the
matter cannot stop where it is. Every grown man
in the country has been insulted, who feels himself
capable of resisting an impostor who presents himself
with a falsehood in his hand and claims obeisance to
it. If lords and gentlemen cannot be roused to face
the ecclesiastical hobgoblin, the uppcal must be to the
peasantry who have the Bible in their hands, and to
those working classes universally whom one object
of the falsehood is to mislead and keep in sub-

jection. Point, then, to the powerful religious
establishments in England and in Scotland,—Church,
Dissenters, Methodists, and all,—and cry aloud to
all those millions who have got one eye open to the
necessity of political and religious improvement, and
say to them, " See what these establishments are for,
and what they do. Weigh them, as your fathers did,
by the honesty with which they can quote to you
what they maintain to be the written rule. Have
not you tha Bible, as your fathers had not at the
time of the Reformation ? If they tell you the truth,
give them credit for it. If they are found lying
prophets, then see what the machinery is for."
If in this there is anything too severe, the leaders
of the Church, the Dissenters, and the Methodists,
have the power to turn it into good, by coming forward
like honest men and of a good courage, to avow and
support the truth. Why does not the calm and
dignified Primate it was my good hap to listen to
only a few weeks ago, summon his wandering
younger brother and the schismatic priests and dea-
cons who have had the hardihood to present them-
selves to Lord John Russell with a heresy, to answer
for it to the Canons and printed Ordinances of the
Church of England ? Is the Church of
England a mouse-trap, that allows free
passage one way, and only snaps up
those who would go the other ? Why do not the
honest men among the Dissenters and Methodists, of
whom there are many, avow the truth as Watts and
Wesley would have done if the book of Scripture
had been laid before them and they had been charged
to tell us what was there and what was not ? And
how long will the Scotch people, so ready to take to
the hills again if any attempt were made to make
them acknowledge that the Pope's right to depose
kings was proved by Scripture, allow themselves to
be made the active tools of a grosser and more palpable
falsehood than ever their fathers contended against,
because enforced in the face of positive words in the
Scriptures appealed to, whereas in the other case it was
nowhere written in precise words that the Pope had
no such right.
So, however, the case stands. On which, in con-
clusion, it remains only to say, that however the
Nebuchadnezzar of a false religion may rage and
frown, and whether political leaders may think it
worth while to stand by them or not, there are still
those who have no answer to make to the mendacious
tyranny, but " Be it known to thee, 0 king, that we
will not serve thy gods, nor worship the golden
image which thou halt set up."
ONE WHO BELIEVES SABBATICAL OBSERV-
ANCE PROHIBITED TO CHRISTIANS.

POEMS BY JOHNSON BARKER.-11U11 : J. Nicholson,
48, Lowgate.—There is a peculiar fitness in the youthful
writer of these poems dedicating his elegant little work
to Eliza Cook. Intensely admiring the spirit, and not
incapable of appreciating the genius of her heart-thrilling
lays, he lays at her feet, as the most precious offering
within his reach, the first-fruits of his own ardent
thoughts. We are not disposed to criticise Mr. Barker's
productions. It is no slight praise to so young a man to
say that they have few prominent faults. Let him cul-
tivate his acquaintance with the muses, which, indeed, if
his nature is that of a true poet, he must do by inevitable
necessity, and he may yet distinguish himself in the
classic region on which he has now not inauspiciously
entered.—Hull Advertiser.
LAYING OF THE FIRST STONE OF THE NEW BIL-
LINGSGATE MARKET. The first stone of the new
Billingsgate Market was yesterday laid in the presence
of a great multitude, by Mr. Peed, chairman of the Mar-
kets' Committe, and very popular member of the Court
of Common Council, with the usual ceremonies. The
stone bore upon it two steel plates, upon one of which
were engraven the date and occasion of laying the stone,
and upon the other the names of the Right Hon. the
Lord Mayor, of the committee, of Mr. Bunning, the
architect, and of Mr. Jay, the builder. The chairman
used a splendid silver trowel; an appropriate prayer was
delivered -by the Rev. Mr. Crosthwaite, rector of St.
Mary's-at-Hill, a speech was delivered by the chairman,
and the National Anthem was sung by the ward school
children. Three cheers were then, at the suggestion of
the comptroller, given for the Queen, three cheers for
the Lord Mayor and Corporation of London, and three
cheers for the success of the new market, immediately
after which the ceremony concluded.
NINEVITE ANTIQUITIES.—ne recent arrival of
several packages of marbles, by the vessel La Belle Al-
-1 ance from Bombay, consisting of specimens illustrative
of history, which originally formed part of the ruins of
Nineveh, were not ou this occasion brought for the pur.
pose of deposit in the national receptacle for such articles,
but were imported for Sir J. Guest, being the private
property of that gentleman, and intended to form part of
his private collection.

BERMONDSEY MURDER.

TRIAL OF THE MANNINGS.

CENTRAL CRIMINAL COURT.
OLD COURT.
(Continued from our Afternoon Edition of yesterday.)
Mr. BALLANTINE, at a few minutes before two,
rose to address the jury on behalf of Mrs. Manning.
He asked them to dismiss from their minds
the many reports they bad heard with
respect to the charge against the female.
In the course of this case, they must have been sur-
prised that many of the statements that had appeared
in the newspapers were not brought before
them. They must be, therefore, of opinion that
many of those statements were far from realities.
He asked them to dismiss from their minds all the
calumnies they had heard uttered with respect to his
client—calumnies fostered, too, and published by one
who was bound to protect her. The course pursued
by his Learned Friend was unparalleled in the annals
of proceedings of this kind. He had, in the presence
of his unfortunate client, denounced her, and
accused her of the crime with which she
was charged. The terms he had used were
far too coarse and strong. He, however,
put this construction upon the course lie had pursued
—that the course, his judgment told him, was
necessary, and that that course was opposed to
his own better feelings. He believed he
had erred in his judgment. He would rather never
appear in that court again, and seek some other but
more honourable and honest toil, than have uttered
such calumnies against a person who stood there
on a tried fur her life, and who also
might shortly be led to the scaffold and ushered into
the presence of her Maker. The course of his
Learned Friend contrasted much with the
temperate opening of the Learned Attorney-
General, who had most creditably come for-
ward to prosecute on behalf of the Crown.
And he trusted the Learned Attorney-General, when
he sat down, would not think it necessary to offer, as
was his right, any further observations, and that
he would agree with him that the unfortunate
woman at the bar had had enough of counsel's re-
marks. He would not appeal to their passions,
but state such facts as he believed wculd snatch
the female from the fate which seemed now to
threaten her. It was difficult to determine what were
accessorial acts between a man and his wife, as
their relations differed much from ordinary
cases. Unless they were of opinion that the
woman was present at the murder they could
not find her guilty. The prosecution had led
the jury into a dilemma as to the exact period of the
murder. Her connexion with O'Connor, her fall from
virtue to vice, should not prejudice her, as that might
have arisen from other motives than that which
would lead to the commission of murder. O'Connor
was a man past the middle age, and likely to
have yielded much to the wishes of the woman,
whatever they were, as it was but natural to
suppose that he was very fond of her. She
was constantly with Mr. O'Connor, and much
away from her husband. A bedroom, some
months ago, was fitted up in the house of the Misses
Armes, showing that the house was not let out for
any improper purpose. This showed that she
was on intimate terms with O'Connor,
and that she had no motive to the
murder. Indeed, if she required money, she would
have gone into a wealthy keeping, to use a common
and well-understood expression. She must either be
a most abandoned and wicked woman, or else one of
the most kindly feelings. Then there was the fact that
O'Connor was seen twice on London-bridge, the first
time about five, and again at half-past five, as if waver-
ing whether he should go or not to Minver-place. The
dinner hour of the Mannings was about five, and most
likely it was before half-past five ; and. the female
prisoner finding that O'Connor did not come, was it not
very probable that she left the house with the intention
of going to the residence of O'Connor? The Misses
Armes were not likely to speak very favourably of a
lady coming to their house under the circumstances.
She used to visit O'Connor. Now they stated she
reached his lodgings at a quarter before six, and left
at a quarter to seven. The distance had not been
measured, but it,jiad been proved that it was three
miles. Both cabs and omnibuses, in consequence
of the obstruction in the thoroughfare, would take a
good deal of time to go. It was, therefore, probable
that she walked, and to do so she must have left
Minver- place at five, so that if the murder was com-
mitted at half-past five Mrs. Manning could not have
been present at its commission. This was an im-
portant matter for the jury to consider, for upon
it hung • the life or death of the accused.
He was prepared to contend that the mur-
der was committed at half-past five. Then
arose out of this these questions :—Was O'Connor
murdered when she was absent, or after she came
back ? or was it probable that the murder was com-
mitted at a quarter-past seven o'clock, at the time
Meaning was seen smoking on the wall ? His
conduct, however, was inconsistent, with O'Connor
being alone in the house as his guest at the time.
The presumption was, that he was in the house long
before. Before she went out she might have been a
guilty accessory to a murder which was to be com-
mitted. Was she really an accessory before the fact ?
He suggested to &L.m oongdontly that .ha was not.
The shattered head of the murdered man, and indeed
the whole violence connected with the murder, were
more the acts of a man than of a woman. He asked
them if the story of Manning, when taken into
custody, was true. It Ras, to his mind,
most improbable. Even if it were true, the act
of shooting was proved not to have caused the
death of O'Connor. A man who was at home when
the intended victim called, when he must have been
murdered, and who was there for a long time after,
was doubtless the murderer. There were three points
upon which he felt it necessary to remark relied upon
by the Crown, as showing that the woman was
an accessory before the fact namely, the
evidence with respect to the crowbar, the lime, and
the shovel. The shovel was an ordinary dust or coal
shovel, and it was absurd to suppose that a hole could
be dug with it. Therefore, he believed the purchase
of the shovel rather favourable to the accused than
otherwise. Why, if she required to dig a
hole, which could have been better done in :the
garden than in the back kitchen, it would
have been as easy to have purchased a spade.
Being about her usual household affairs in the ,
purchase of a shovel on the day before the murder
was inconsistent with the fact that she was then con-
templating the murder. It would be for them to say
whether the lime was purchased for the destruction of
the slugs in the garden, or for aiding in the murder.
The boy who took the lime, and called the next day
for some halfpence for doing so, would not swear
positively that the money was paid by the female
prsoner. It might have been given to him by
the charwoman. Then, with respect to the crow-
bar, which was falsely called, as it was in reality a
chisel, commonly known as a ripping-chisel, why;
it was a common thing for persons to say, when
about to make a purchase, " I shall send so and so
home;" and he might have said "I shall send a chisel
home for some work I have to do." Then Manning
stopped the man who was carrying it, and had it
wrapped in paper, and being wrapped in paper
Mrs. Manning might be utterly ignorant of
what the parcel contained; and the most innocent
person might say that the charge was too high. How
often did a person, when he went out in the morning,
say to his wife or to his servant, "I shall send a
parcel home—will you pay half-a-crown, or some
definite sum for it ?" A husband had no right to
shield his wife from the consequences of a murder
which she had committed, but in this case
the husband had thrown all the blame upon the wife.
And when taken into custody, after he had had time
to consider the course he should take, the first thing
he did, like a low poltroon, was to accuse his wife in
order to save himself. Then the spots of blood upon
the dress were proved to be ironmolds and not marks
of blood. It was true there were marks of blood
on the toilet cover, but there were a hundred
ways of accounting for blood upon such an article
which they could account for. The stains of blood
they would find were inside and not outside the dress,
which doubtless arose from natural causes. He felt
no delicacy in stating this, notwithstanding the fe-
male listeners, who were mere spectators, and had
no further interest in the case, the important
nature of which compelled him to be thus
explicit. Indeed, wherever a murder was committed,
if toilet covers and linen were carefully examined
blood might easily be discovered. Before the murder
took place there were the conversations as to the
influence of laudanum and chloroform, and the most
tender part of the skull, and the purchase of the
crowbar and lime by Manning, for he threw the
shovel overboard altogether ; and then theyfound
Mrs. Manning writing a letter to O'Connor on the
day before the murder, inviting him to
owner. Now
was it not possible that Manning, desirous to impli-
cate his wife in the murder, got her to write
the letter of invitation, so that no handwriting of his
should be found on the body, and !night he not also
have placed her in a position to take in the crowbar for
the same end? Her statement to Walsh when he
called, that she had invited O'Connor to dinner the
day before and that he had not come, and her cool-
ness and absence from all guile, showed guiltlessnes ;
and when Connor became faint, and she bathed
his head with eau de Cologne, did it not show that
she was the most unlieely person to have committed
the murder ? by she would have recoiled from the
man whose murder she had determined upon. The
most abandoned and callous woman—the woman who
was the common prostitute of several men—nay, the
most abandoned woman that obtained a wretched
subsistence in the streets, could not act in this way
if she had contemplated a foul and awful murder.
When Mrs. Manning called at the deceased's house

on the evening of the murder she was observed to
look pale. Suppose she knew the murder was about
its commission, and that she should find the friend
of her youth, the friend who had assisted her in her
business affairs, a corpse when she went back, it was
natural that she should look pale ; but they ought
not to convict her upon such testimony. The next
evening, when she came again, and might have
known of the murder, she was said to have
trembled. If so it only tended to show that she was
an accessory after the tact. During the absence of
the wife the husband might have committed the
murder in consequence of a quarrel with the de-
ceased about his wife; and she, on her return, learn-
ing from her husband the dead that had been com-
mitted, and knowing the nature of her connexion with
O'Connor, and that disgrace would attach to her,
fled in fear. Mrs. Manning had lived in the
service of Lady Blantyre and other families of dis-

tinction, and lad no doubt saved some money, and
hence the conversation with O'Connor about invest-
ing a small sum of money in Sambre and Meuse
shares, which she wished to possess without
the knowledge of her husband. Shortly before
the murder they found O'Connor purchasing Sambre
and Meuse and Amiens and Boulogne ; and it was
not unreasonable to suppose that the shares were
purchased with her money ; also, that other shares
had been purchased with her money by O'Connor,
depending on him, and not being able to depend upon
her husband; and that, in fact, the shares she took were
her property. That a person, when told of the murder,
as he suggested Mrs. Manning was told, would rush
into the streets and at once betray her husband, or do
her best to screen him, depended upon the tempera-
ment of the person placed in such a position. Was it
not natural that a woman like her would leave her
husband as soon as she could, and it was but natural
that she should at once proceed to O'Connor's
lodgings and obtain her property? And it was
shown that she had taken nothing but shares - or she
might have gone to see if there was the will of which
they had heard something, and that O'Cononor in-
tended to leave her his property. The money re-
ceived by Manning might have been banded to her
by him, in order that she might leave town and meet
him elsewhere, and return it to him. Then they
found her changing her name and seeking to
sink into obscurity. Admitting that there were
some facts, not, however, clear, that she knew of the
intent to murder, yet the balance of facts tended the
other way. The Learned Counsel concluded an elo-
quent speech, at four o'clock, by imploring the jury
to weigh all the facts, and to give the prisoner the
benefit of any circumstance or doubt that might
suggest themselves to them.
The ATTORNEY-GENERAL rose to reply.

Mr. BALLANTINE rose and objected to the Attorney-
General replying.
Mr. PARItY said Mr. Bodkin, who often represented
the Crown, did not reply in such cases.
The CHIEF Baaori said the Attorney General at-
tended in his public capacity, and had the right of
reply. Did Mr. Parry object to the right of the
Attorney General?
Mr. PARRY said he did.
The CHIEF BARON said he could not let him raise
the point, it was too late.
Mr. PARRY appealed to the Attorney-General not
to avail himself of his right in this case, where the
lives of two persons were concerned. His Learned
Friend and himself had to compete against the great
odds of two of the ablest Counsel at the bar.

The ATTORNEY. GENERAL then replied, and said his
great and paramount object was to evenly hold the
scales in order that the two prisoners at the bar
might have the fullest justice accorded to them. He
called upon them to dismiss from their minds all pre-
judice, and particularly some of the erroneous
statements which the two advocates of the
prisoners had thought, proper to introduce in their
laudable zeal to their clients. It was admitted by
both that the murder was committed on the 9th of
August, and it was committed and carried out under
such circumstances that it was altogether im-
possible that one person could have done the
whole. It was evident that more than one
must have been engaged in its perpetration,
It was argued on the other side that the male pri-
soner had known nothing of the murder, but on
arriving at a conclusion upon that point the jury must
couple the statements of the prisoners with the
evidence itself. The woman had stated that
finding that O'Connor had not come to dinner,
the went to Greenwood-street to see for him,
Now it had been proved that Manning was seen
somking on the garden wall till seven, when he
jumped down. Was it not reasonable to suppose
then that the female had returned from her search
vt ith the deceased, and that some signal was given to
Manning when he left the wall to go and dress. Besides
it had been proved that Manning was in negotiation
with Bainbridge for the sale of his furniture some days
before the murder, so that it was not unreasonable to
suppose that he was even then contemplating a
flight. He presumed, therefore, that the mur-
der had not been committed when the woman
went to Greenwood-street on the Thursday,
but there was a very important piece of evidence
which had not been touched upon by the defence.
The jury would remember that when Keating called
upon Mrs. Manning on the 12th, she said it was very
strange O'Connor had not been there, as he was to
have dined there on Thursday. Keating said he had
been aeon on London-bridge that evening by two
friends, but mentioned no names. On the
13th, when Flynn called, she said it was very strange,
for O'Connor had been seen on London-bridge by
Keating and a friend. Now who told her that it
was Keating? Certainly not Keating himself. Why,
then, was it not natural to suppose that O'Connor
himself had told her. He insisted that the evidence
was conclusive against both prisoners, and he should
sit down in full confidence that the jury would think
so to.

The LORD CHIEF JUSTICE then summed up, re-
marking that the Attorney-General, in his opening
address, had properly and rightly explained the law.
That definition of the law was also acquiesced in by
both the Learned Counsel who appeared for the de-
fence, and he therefore need not trouble the jury upon
that point. The questions they had to decide was,
first, whether the deceased came by his death from
violence, and secondly, whether either or both priso-
ners inflicted it. Whether both committed the
act, or only one of them, did not much
matter, if the jury thought there had been any
previous connivance between them. If they did,
then the two prisoners were both equally guilty
although only one of them inflicted the violence on the
deceased ; but if they thought the act was committed
by one, without the knowledge or concurrence of the
other, then their verdict must only be against that
one. There could hardly be a doubt that the
death of the deceased resulted from violence ;
but if the jury thought that neither of the
prisoners had anything to do with it,
he need hardly say that they must acquit them both.
In deciding who it was that inflicted the violence,
the jury must not be guided by minute circumstances,
they must look rather at the direct evidence which
bore upon the case ; they must, therefore, not place
too much stress on the evidence of the medical student,
as there were some circumstances of a more im-
portant character, and it would better become them
to consider. He would not go through the evidence
in detail, as that had been done by the Learned
Counsel who had defended the prisoners; but he
should content himself by directing their attention to
some of the chief circumstances which it disclosed.
The male prisoner had admitted that he was present
when the woman fired a pistol against the deceased,
and as against him that was conclusive. There
could be no doubt, after that, he was present.
The next point then for them to consider was, whether
, or not he was aware beforehand that the woman in-
tended to commit the act, and to enable them to arrive
at a correct conclusion they must look at the evidence
of Massey and Bainbridge relative to the intention of
the prisoner to leave his house and sell his furniture.
If they thought those circumstances indicated that the
murder was contemplated, then it would be their
duty to convict him. With regard to the act
itself, there was only direct evidence that the
deceased was found dead in the prisoner's house; the
other evidence was purely of a circumstantial cha-
racter. The deceased was last seen alive on Thursday
afternoon, the 9;1 of August, and the evidence
which they had to consider related chieily to pro-
ceedings occurring subsequently to that event, such as
the female prisoner's entering the deceased's lodgings,
and his box, though locked, being afterwards found
empty of anything valuable, the sale of shares which
were known belonged to the deceased, and the flight
and confessions of the prisoners. It would be their
duty to well weigh all the evidence as men of the
world, and if, after looking at it in a common-sense
point of view, it established the conclusion that the
prisoners concocted and carried out, either singly
with the connivance of the other, or together, a scheme
to commit this murder, then they must find them
guilty accordingly. It was their province, as men of
sense and solid justice, to consider all the cir-
cumstances which the evidence disclosed, and to de-
cide whether it was within the scope of human
events that this murder could have been committed
by one prisoner without the knowledge of the other.
Should they think that were possible, then they must
acquit the one and convict the other; but if, on the other
hand, they did not believe it was, then they must
find them both guilty. With these observations be
dismissed them to consider their verdict, with the hope,
and in the full conviction, whatever it might be, it
would be founded in justice and truth.
The jury then retired.
Upon their return, the prisoners, who in the mean
time had bcn removed, were again placed in the
dock, when the roar and buzz of conversation which
bad previously prevailed at once ceased, and the court
became hushed and still.
The Jury having answered to their names,
The Clerk of the Arraigns said—Gentlemen of the

Jury, how say you; is the prisoner at the bar, Fre-
derick George Manning, guilty or not guilty ?
The Foreman—GUlLTY.
The Clerk—How say you ; is the prisoner at the
bar, Maria Manning, guilty or not guilty ?
The Foreman—GUlLTY.
The prisoner, Mrs. Manning, here exclaimed with
violent gesticulation, " I will not stand here—l have
not had a fair trial !" and one of the officers in attend-
ance was compelled to remove her to the front of the
dock, and remained stationed close behind her for a
few minutes.
Mr. Streiglat then asked the prisoners whether they
had anything to say why sentence of death should
not be passed upon them in the usual form. A pause
ce a few seconds followed, and Mr. Harker, the crier
of the court, was about to make the usual proclama-
tion for silence, when
The female prisoner, whose extraordinary command
of feeling had been conspicuous throughout the trial,
and who had maintained a stolid indifference up to
this moment, advanced to the front of the dock, and,
placing her hands on the bar, in a voice which was at
first overpowered with intense emotion, which she
attempted to subdue, proceeded to address the bench
with a broken English accent. The purport of her
address was, as nearly as we could understand,
cr hear it, "My Lord ! I have been treated
most welly in this country. lam a foreigner, and
I have been denied justice. There is no justice or
protection here for any foreign subject in this country.
I have received no protection or justice from the pro-
secutors, from the jury, nor from the Court. I am,
therefore, convicted unjustly this day in'this court.
It could have been proved by my counsel and
solicitor that money was sent to me from my own
country, from abroad, to the Bank of England, to
show that those shares which were found upon me
were bought for me, with my own money ; and that
witnesses could have identified those shares if they had
been called; and when I am charged with taking the
life of Mr. O'Connor, I say he was much more than
my husband to me. I had known him ever since I
was in this country. I have known him for seven years.
He was to me a brother and a father, and the best
friend I had in the world. lle wanted to marry me,
and I ought to have married him when I was a
widow. I can never forget his regard for me ; and
the letters that he wrote will prove the respect and
regard he had for me ; and I consider that I, a
foreign woman, have had to fight against my own
husband's statement which he has made
against me, and against the Judges and those who
have conducted the prosecution. I complain of the
Judges themselves. I have not been treated like a
Christian, but like a wild beast of the forest; and all
the judges, and the jurors, and the counsel will have
it on their consciences that the verdict which has
been given against me is an unjust one, for I
am not guilty of the murder of Mr. O'Connor. How
should I wish to do so ? I could not attempt the
life of a man who was my most honoured friend on
earth, and who would have made me his wife when
I was a widow. I have been nine years in this
country, and I have el ways had a character for pro-
bity, and I can account for more than the money
which purchased the shares found upon me. I can
produce three or four times the money. If I wished
to take anybody's life, why should I not take that of
my husband, who is the greatest enemy to me in the
world ? Why should I kill Mr. O'Connor ? I could
have been married to him in a fortnight if I pleased;
he was my best friend. Because it pleased my
husband, from his: jealousy, to kill Mr. O'Connor, I
am dragged to this bar. I wish I could better explain
myself in the English language, but I cannot."
Mr. Harker having made the usual proclamation

for silence,
Mr. Justice CRESSWELL then proceeded to pass
sentence upon the prisoners :—George Frederick
M'lnning and Maria Manning, you have been con-
viete 1 of the crime of murder—
Mari% Manning (in a loud voice, and with great
earnestness) —I have not, my Lord. I will not stand
here to hear thlt said (the prisoner then rushed hastily
towards the back part of the dock; upon being
brought back to the front of the dock by Mr. Cope,
the Governor, she said)—lt is a shameful thing—
you ought to be ashamed of yourselves, all of you ;
and (addressing the barristers in front of the dock)
you and the judges too.
Mr. Justice CREsswELL then proceeded—You have
been convicted by a patient and intelligent jury, and
you have been defended by able counsel
Maria Manning—They did not produce any wit-

nesses.
Mr. Justice CRESSWELL—WhO have urged every
topic which their ingenuity and experience taught ,
them would be available for your defence. You have
been convicted by a jury, upon evidence which I will
venture to say could leave no rational doubt upon the
mind of any human being who heard it that the
verdict was the only one which they could conscien-
tiouAly return. Had they failed to return that verdict,
it would have been very difficult to convince me that
they had not shrunk from the due discharge of their
duty, so completely was I satisfied, by the evidence
which I heard detailed by the different witnesses, of
the guilt of both of you.
Maria Manning—The witnesses in my favour were
not called.
Mr. Justice CRESSWELL continued :—The crime of
which you have been found guilty is the highest
crime of which one individual can be guilty against
another, and is at all times a most horrible offence.
But this murder is as cold-blooded, as deliberate, and
as calculated as I ever remember to have heard or
read of. Under the pretence and guise of friend-
ship—nay more, of affection, for that was the sub-
scription to the letter inviting the deceased to dinner
on the Bth—under that pretence, this unhappy man
was allured to the place where his grave had probably
then been prepared for him, and where too the deed
was to be consummated which, no doubt, you had
been for days and for weeks concocting. It
is one of the most appalling instances of
human wickedness certainly which the annals
of even this court can disclose. He went to
your house ; probably he bad been leading a
vicious course of life—bow that may be I do not pro-
fess to know ; but whatever his course of life might
have been—without a moment's warning or a mo-
ment's preparation—without the slightest opportunity
of thinking of his past life, whether guilty or inno-
cent—without any opportunity for endeavouring to
ask pardon for any offence which he might have com-
mitted, this unhappy man was hurried into eternity.
The law, more merciful than you, allows you a space
of time for preparation for death. It appears that one
of you, upon a former occasion, asked the question of
a young men where he thought murderers went. The
time has now arrived when it will behove both of you
to ask yourselves that question, and to ask it of the
man appointed to teach you what you have to hope
and what you have to fear. As I can hold out not the
slightest prospect of any mitigation of the sentence
I am about to pronounce, I am bound to tell you
that, so far as human judgment goes, your doom is
irretrievably fixed when your sentence is passed ; and
I advise you, therefore, to resort with all humility
and with all candour to the advice and counsel of the
minister of the Gospel appointed to attend you. From
him you will receive all the consolation which in your
unhappy condition he can, consistently with the dis-
charge of his duty, afford to you. From him you
will learn what you have to fear. No doubt he will
point out to you in strong terms the full extent of
your guilt; and I am sure he will rejoice to give you,
if in his conscience he thinks he can, hopes of pardon
hereafter, which in this world you cannot expect.
To his care I consign you—to his advice I exhort
you to resort. Whatever assertions you may make
whatever indignation you may express, and really
or affectedly feel, and manifest with respect to the
course of proceedings this day—depend upon it that
others will judge very differently ; and I doubt if
there is one who has heard this trial who is not as well
satisfied as I am that the result of it is the only one
which is consistent with justice. (His Lordship
having put on the black cap, then said)—Having
given you this warning and advice, which I pray you
once more to receive in all humility, it remains for
me but to pronounce the dread sentence of the law,
Which is, that you be taken hence to her Majesty's
gaol for the county of Surrey, and thence to the place
of execution, and that you there be severally hanged
by the neck until you are dead, and after death that
your bodies be buried within the precincts of that
gaol in which you shall be confined after the passing
of this sentence ; and may the Lord have mercy upon
your souls!
Mr. Streight—Amen.
Mr. Justice CRESSWELL—This court does noW
commit you to the gaol of the courtly of Surrey, there
to remain in the custody of the sheriff of the county
until your execution takes place.
Maria Manning—My Lord, you have given me an
unjust judgment.
Mr. Justice CzEswELL—Remove the prisoners.
Upon the turnkeys removing her form the dock,
she exclaimed, "Base and shameful England;' and
indignantly threw into the body of the court some
pieces of rue which she held in her hand, a quantity
of which is usually placed in the front of the dock.
The male poisoner left the dock without saying a
word.
The prisoners having been removed from the bar,
the court was adjourned at a quarter past seven
o'clock.

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