The Sun.
London, England, 1849-09-25 00:00:00

UNIFORM WITH " ALISON'S HISTORY OF EUROPE."
In Monthly Volumes, neatly bound, price Gs. each.
R. PRESCOTT'S HISTORICAL WORKS
11 The REIGN of FERDINAND and ISABELLA.
The CONQUEST of MEXICO.
The CONQUEST of PERU.
The first Volume to aprear on the Ist of Ovroazz.
Richard Bentley, New Burlington-street.
Orders:recelyed by all Booksellers.

THEATRE ROYAL HAY MARKET.
The public is respectfully informed that this popular establishment
will OPEN for the Season
On MONDAY, October 1.
On MONDAY, Oct. 8, Mr. MACREA DY will make his first ap-
pearance in London since his return from America. and commence
his first series of his Farewell Performances previous to his retire-
ment train the stage at the end of June next.
Due notice will be given of the appearance of Mr. and Mrs. KEAN.
On MONDAY, Oct. 1, will be presented a COMEDY, and other
Entertainments.

The Box-office will be oxen on Thursday, under the direction of
Mr. I. T. Archer.

TIIEATRIC ROYAL, ADELPHI.
Under the direction of Madame Celeste.
THIS EVENING,

Will be performed SWEETHERRTS AND WIVES.
After which a new Farce, entitled A BIRD OF PASSAGE. Mr,
Carry Chick, Mr. Wright; Mr. Chaunt Ginger, Mr. caul Bedford ;
Mr. Charles Pusher, 31r. Boyce; Ernest Hopeful, Mr. Worrell; Mrs
Waters Rummer, Mrs. Frank Matthews.
To be followed by the Farce of SLASHER AND CRASIIET,
Mr. Slasher. Mr. Wright ; Mr. Crasher, Mr. Paul Bedford.
To conclude with THE MARRIED BACHELOR.

ASTLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE.
Proprietor, Mr. W. Batty.
Positively the Lust Six Nights of bfazeppa.
Under the Patronage of her Majesty the Queen, his Royal Highness
Prince Albert, &c.
In compliance with numerous requests at the Box-office, the po
pular Spectacle of MAZEPPA; or, the Wild Horse, will be pro
daced with great splendour

_
THIS EVENING,
To be followed by an inimitable display of SCENES IN Tin
CIRCLE. in which Marie Macarte will appear, supported by the first
E nestrian talent of the day.
conclude with a favourite Farce.
Box-office open from Eleven till Four.
Stage Manager. Mr. w. West.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON 11H.I.DGE.
Y —Morning, 14 min. after 7 Evening, 45 min. after 7
)W—Vl.lrning, 25 min. after 8 1 Evening, 6 min. after 9

TO CORRESPONDENTS.
"J. tx., Hoxton."—Poor Torn Hood is the author o
the lines—

" Rattle bis bones over the stone--
He's only a pauper, whom nobody owns."
They occur, if we recollect rightly, in a poem abou
the "Workhouse Clock."

THE WEATHER.—SIIN OFFICE, SEPT. 25.
TIIERMOMETER, Lowest, 48; Highest, 62; Moon, 57
BAROMETER, 29.93.
Wind N.N.E.—dull cloudy weather.

The letter of MAzzim, the Roman Triumvir, the
man who in power, as in adversity, as a ruler of his
native land, as well as an exile, has ever preserved
the character of being a man of perfect truth and
honesty, is one of the most important historical
documents that has ever appeared. It is a history of
the Roman Republic of 1849, and the simple relation
of the history of that Republic proves that if ever
there was in the world a Government which had a
right to say it was in the strictest sense of the word
a popular Government, because emanating from the
whole of the people it exercised power by the people,
exclusively for the benefit of the people, that Govern-
ment was the Government of the Roman Republic.
The enemies of the cause of liberty have over and
over again reiterated that the Roman Republic was
founded on the assassination of Count Rossi. In
the French Assembly, in the English Parliament,
this assertion has been repeated usque ad nauseam.
It was in vain that the falsehood was exposed, it was
again and again repeated, and repeated " wilfully,
knowingly, and for a purpose." The refutation of
this falsehood by MAzziNi, in his letter to the French
Ministers, which appears in another column, is so
complete, that not even M. DE FALLOWE will
venture to repeat it for some time to come
at least. As is well observed by MAzziwi—
" The Republic inaugurated on the 9th of February
1849, has no occasion to exculpate itself from a deed
which occurred on the 16th of November, 1848, when
the princely party, the Moderates, the partisans of
Charles Albert, possessed the field, and drove away, or
condemned to absolute silende, the men of the Repub-
lican faith. No one in Italy accuses your revolutions of
having had their rise in assassination, because the Duke
of Berry fell by the dagger, and five or six attempts at
regicide succeeded each other in the space of two years in
Paris."
The Roman Republic was the orderly protest of the
whole Roman People against Anarchy—against
Anarchy brought about by the acts of Pro Norio,
who, through treason or weakness it matters
not, deserted the post which he had
received a mission from Heaven (if his
own account of his position be true) to
guard—and, acting as chief Anarch instead of chief
preserver of order, fled—a coward shepherd, leaving
his flock to perish in the desert. But then we are told of
the great personal risk that Pio Norio would have run
had he remained at his post. We believe he would have
been safer, and we know he would have been more
independent, at Rome than at Gaeta ; but suppose he
had run personal risk. Did DENIS AFFaE shrink
from incurring personal risk in the execution of his
duty ? It would appear that the brave Pio Norio, here-
tofore Count MAsrai and a soldier, is not ambitious
of a commission in the Noble Army of Martyrs In
consequence of the shameful desertion, of*the coward
flight of Pio NoNo and the Cardinals,
" Rome was without a sovereign. The Pope had
dceosme rmt ds s
ionnd,
dtflwoethord, iecathuanrande fled
state
whoefar
dett
horiienGnpsgaut
tstwueaic:AlthwGwaadaussvrienenrfeenucvmseiestedasnabtrtlayyo_l
act. Two deputations, sent one after the other, entreat-
ings
tleoadpriunitguastnol xen.
anarchy and civil war. It was at oneo'clock
on the morning of the 9th of February that theovvnfal
of the temporal power, and, as a consequence, thewd illnau-
guration of the Republic, were proclaimed.
By the Constituent Assembly of the Roman
.Styates.°ln?
what manner had that Assembly been elected? By
universal suffrage. Had there been—l speak not
of
terror—but even any agitation, any influence illegally
exercised? No, all had taken place calmly, quietly
without corruption, without threats. Was the minority
imposing? Out one hundred and forty-four members
present eleven voices declared against the proclamation
of the Republic as inopportune; five against the aboli-
tion of the temporal power. How many amongst those
whom you now stigmatise as foreigners, how many
Italians born out of the Roman States were then seated
upon the benches of the Assembly? Two—Garibaldi
and General Ferrara. I deceive myself—Garibaldi had
already set out for Rieti. It was not until some time later
that Safice Cernuschi, Cannonieri, Dail Gegen), and my-
self were elected. In what manner was the double pro-
clamation received by the populations? Was there
through all the extent of the Roman territory a single
attempt at resistance, a single mark of dissent, a single
opnroct.e,stAkatifoen, inva r
alba
irnui (le rr s
oonf t thee
ffraol inetni el:. woefr a p.NI eos, not
de-
serted, perhaps imagining themselves compromised by
the arrests that they had been obliged to make under
Gregory. And this was all. The towns and the country
saluted the Republic with a common joy. The old
municipalities, elected under the Papal regime, sent in
their adhesion, since renewed by those elected by universal
suffrage on the 11th of March. Pius IX. had still some
personal friends; the Papal Government could not boast
of one. And later on, atter the 3003, when the Govern-
ment on the eve of the quadruple invasion was obliged
to concentrate its forces, and could therefore retain
only a moral influence in he provinces—in the midst of
the financial crisis, and in spite of the efforts of some
few reactionaries, this,
_ the conservative element of the
state, renewed again the testimony of a spontaneous ad-
hesion to the Republic. Bologna, Ancona, Perugia,
Civita Vecchia, Ferrara, Ascoli, Cesena, Fano, Faenza,
Forli, Fogliao, Macerata, Narni, Pesaro, Orvieto, Ra-
venna, Rieti, Viterbo, Spoleto, Urbino, Terni; two hun-
dred and sixty-three municipalities sent addresses de-
claring in the name of the populations that the abolition
of the temporal power and the existence of the Republic
formed henceforth a double condition of life for theßoman
States."

If this be not a popular Government, where is there
such a Government to be found? If this Assembly
did not represent the will of the universal Roman
people, by what means can the will of any people be
ascertained ? If the French Ministers are so con-

vinced of the truth and justice of their cause, and o
the love of the Roman people for sacerdotal rule, let
them accept the challenge of MAZZINI, and, with-
drawing all foreign troops from the Roman territory,
leave the Roman people free to choose their own form
of government.

Then, again, with regard to the calumnious and
false assertions invented by the French parti-preire,
and repeated with parrot like fidelity by the
partizans of obscurantism in the English
House of Peers, as to the immense number of
foreigners domiciled in Rome, and who alone pro-

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