The Sun.
London, England, 1838-10-08 00:00:00

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WITH WHICH
THE " TRUE SUN " IS NOW

INCORPORATED.

LONDON:
MONDAY EVENING. OCTOBER 8, 1833.

The Protestant Reformation Society, not content
with their multiplied failures at Exeter Hall, where,
notwithstanding an O'SuLLIvA N's lungs and a
MAcGHRE's brass, not the slightest public interest
was awakened, have been endeavouring to get up an
exhibition at Liverpool, for the purpose of enlighten-
ing that benighted town on the subject of the " damn-
able heresies" of Popery. On Thursday last a squad of
red-hot Parsons, amounting in point of numbers to up-
wards of thirty, and in point of sagacity to just a cy-
pher, met at the Royal Amphitheatre, in Great Char-
lotte-street, and talked the customary quantity of
fanatical ribaldry to an audience, three-fourths
of whom, we are assured, " consisted of wo-
men and children." The Reverend Mr. GREGG
specially distinguished himself by the intensity of his
anti-Catholic rancour. " Th• Papists"—observed
this meek disciple of a religion which inculcates charity
as the first of social virtues—" the Papists must be
turned out of Parliament. If they had a Society for
the encouragement of virtue, would they have prosti-
tutes in it ? If they had a Society to promote
honesty, would they have pickpockets in it ?"
" Prostitutes" and " pickpockets !" Complimentary
phrases these to apply to the Catholics ! And who is
he that makes use of them? Is he some low babbling
buffoon who has received a " call " to quit his
trade of cobbler or tinker, and take up that of itinerant
preacher ? Not so, but an educated, disciplined
member of the Protestant Establishment, who, as a
matter of course, has been ordained by an orthodox
Bishop, and is assured in one of the most impressive
chapters of that sacred volume, which it is expected
he shall make the rule of his conduct, that " though
I speak with the tongues of men and of angels, and
have not charity, I am but as sounding brass or a
tinkling cymbal." It would be the height of injustice
to Parson GREGG, were we to insinuate that
he spoke with the tongue of an " angel,"
but we may safely say of him, that he is
as fine a specimen of " sounding brass" as we ever
met with. Talk of Dissenters and Infidels injuring
the interests of the Church Establishment ! It is your
GREGGS, and SULLIVANS, and MACGHEES that
bring it into danger—men who repel when they should
attract ; alienate when they should conciliate ; and
engender distrust when they should promote harmony !
We trust the good sense of the people will see the
propriety of treating this Protestant Reformation So-
ciety with the contempt and ridicule its swaggering
pretensions deserve. It is a mere noisy, fanatical
faction, whose sole object is to set the members of the
different religious communities by the ears together.

We have observed with much concern the attempts
which have been recently made to create disunion and
distrust among the Shareholders of the Great Western
Railway, by the expression of doubts of the prudence
of the management of that great undertaking. Nothing
is easier than to hint incapacity in an engineer, and
extravagance in a Board of Management ; and such is
the fear or the credulity of a large portion of the public,
that malice need resort to no other weapon in order to
crush the best conducted and most promising enter-
prise. It is the duty of the Press, however, to see
that the public generally receive as little injury as pos-
sible from misrepresentations originating but too fre-
quently in professional rivalry, and the disappointment
of individuals who had hoped to profit by the un-
dertakings which they subsequently repudiate ; and
having carefully examined the luminous statements
contained in a letter addressed to the Shareholders
of this great Railway by a Proprietor just published
in the form of a pamphlet by the Messrs. Simpkin
and Marshall—we have no hesitation in stating that
we regard the outcry which has been raised against the
plans of the engineer and the conduct of the Directors
as equally unjust and preposterous. The mere fact of
the cost of such an undertaking as a Railway exceeding
the Parliamentary estimate is 'not new in the history of
such works. On the contrary, from the Hat contained in
the letter of a Proprietor, it would puzzle us to point
out one in which the first rough estimate did not fall
very far short of the actual expenditure. As regards
by Mr. BRUNZL,
the adoption of the broad gage
which was not at first contemplated, and which
is found to increase the immediate outlay, the
question for the Shareholders to determine is,
wir•ther this is not a very great improvement ?
If it effect
a future saving in time or expense,
more than equal to the immediate excess in point of
outlay, the engineer is entitled to the gratitude of the
Company for having had the boldness to adopt it.
And what, after all, is the enormous sum which
the adoption of a
plan which several of the
in the
most eminent engineersworld deem an in-
valuable improvement in the construction of rail-
ways, is likely to cost the Shareholders of the Great
`Western Railway? Why, truly about thirty thou-
sand pounds at the utmost I And, as the author
of the pamphlet before us well
expresses
it—
can the expenditure of a sum, not exceeding,
at the
highest estimate, 25,0001. or 30,0001., be consi-
dered is thrown away upon experiments designed to
secure the most useful and profitable results from xn
outlay
of four and a half millions ? Let the per-
centage on the capital of the real experimental ex•

penditure be calculated ; and, on the other side, let us
set the saving that it is intended to effect in the annual
expenses of the line, and the contingent benefits
to the public in increased comfort and facilities of
travelling, and then let us ask whether the object in
view was not well worth the outlay that has been so
incurred ? What the decision on this question ought
to be, can be doubted only by those who under-rate the
practical results of scientific enterprise, or who delude
themselves with the idea that railway engineering
has already attained the nc plus ultra of perfection.
As regards the management of this line, we, in com-
mon with our Contemporaries, were duly favoured
with the reports of the Directors and the engineer,
and we have never been able to discover in them
any traces of a wish to conceal the smallest
part of their proceedings from the Shareholders and
the public. The Directors in particular dwell upon the
fact of an increased outlay being necessary, as a disap-
pointment to which nothing but the great improvement
in the line could well reconcile them. Upon this
point the writer before us has the following rational
observations :

The country is indebted to Mr. Brunel and the Great
Western Directors, for their spirit in throwing off the tram-
mels which blind usage and the authority of one or two emi-
nent names were fast imposing on railway engineers ; and by
those who can anticipate the ever-expanding wantsof society,
the " innovations" which have been introduced will, it is
believed, be viewed as improvements of no ordinary value.
The time is not long past when the ordinary rate of travelling
being about six miles an hour, the higher speed of ten miles
was considered as a maximum that should not be exceeded
under any circumstances. The public were gravely told to
moderate their wishes, and no to expect impossibilities. But
parties were found who understood the wants of the public
better. They gave facilities for a quicker rate of travelling,
and their efforts were cheered and amply rewarded by a gra-
tified public. And now that we are accustomed to a speed of
twenty to twenty-five miles per hour upon railways, will any
one say that the limit of the maximum speed forgeneral utility
and convenience is attained ? Or can there be the slightest
apprehension that, in a country like this, where time is the
most precious element of stealth, encouragement will be
wanting to any parties who can establish a marked advance
in the speed of transport ? The answer may be given in the
words of Mr. Brunei's last report :—" The public will always
prefer that conveyance which is the most perfect, and speed,
within reasonable limits, is a materialingredient in perfection
of travelling." We have seen how rapidly these "reasonable ,
limits" have expanded, as means have been found of at once
satisfying and stimulating the public taste for rapidity of
transport, and we have no reason to think that the future will
be very different in this respect from the past. It is obvious
then, under these circumstances, that to secure the means
of applying a high ase rage speed, must be a matter of the
greatest importance and an clement of future profit to any
Railway, designed chiefly for passenger traffic. By this con-
sideration the Great Western Directors have been guided in
the construction of their Line and Locomotive Engines. It
does not follow, because the capability of maintaining the
highest speed is secured, that. the ordinary rate of travelling
must at first be greatly increased, or that all the trains shall
run at the same speed. The determination of these points
must of course depend on the nature of the traffic, and the
degree in which the higher velocities shall be required by
the public. But to have the power in store, and to provide
at the outset (when, if at all, it is necessary to provide)
every facility for the application of future improvements,
are objects well worthy of some additional outlay, and ,e ill
not be too dearly purchased in the case of the Great Wes-
tern Railway, if it be completed with such capabilities (as
it seems reasonable to expect), for the amount certified in
the last report of the Directors.

In recommending this Tract to the earnest atten-
tion of the Shareholders, we may permit ourselves to
express a hope, that calumnies, of which they have
been sought to be made the dupes, will not lead them
to attempt to change, either their present honest
Directors, or their able and efficient engineer. This,
indeed, would be the climax of folly. The
Directors are, we are persuaded, as worthy of their
confidence as their clever engineer is of their lasting
respect and gratitude.

The Paris Journals of Friday and Saturday have
all been received, but they do not contain a syllable
of news of any importance. Neither have we any
intelligence from Spain.
BaussEts, OcT.6.—On Wednesday a ship laden with
wheat arrived, and three others with similar cargoes, were
anchored further down the river. One of them comes from
Odessa. Last Monday there was a tumult in the Corn-
market at Courtray ; some evil-minded persons had spread
a report that forestallers of corn had arrived in our market.
A baker from Avelgliam was pursued by some of the mob.
He took refuge in a house, and so escaped from
the rage of his pursuers. None of the agitators,
who had nearly endangered public tranquillity, have
been arrrested. In the year 1837 great quanti-
ties of timber from the north arrived at Antwerp,
and there is every appearance that the arrivals during the
present year will be still more considerable ; for in the space
of four days only twenty-four shipsl aden with timber have
arrived in that port.
NAPLES, SEPT.22.—Their Majesties the King and
Queen, the Minister of Police, Del Caretto, the Minister
of the Interior, San Angelo, and several superior and
inferior civil officers, likewise a part of the picked gen-
garmes and 3d Regiment of Yagers, have embarked this
afternoon on board the royal steam-boat Ferdinand 11., and
partly in two frigates, to go to Palermo, where, as I have
already told you the Court will remain for a time, which is
not yet fixed. The functions of the above two Ministers
will be exercised meantime by Marchise Ruffo, President of
the Council of Munster.

FLORENCE, SEPT. 27.—Prince Metternich arrived here
the afternoon before yesterday from Genoa.
POSEN, SEPT. 25.—We learn from Warsaw that that
city flatters itself with the hope of seeing the Emperor
Nicholas on his return to St. Petersburg, whose truly
paternal intentions are more and more recognised in Po-
land, and whom the Ultras in the French Journals daily
abuse, precisely because they are compelled to acknowl
ledge his greatness as a Sovereign. (Late Paris Papers
relate that 50,000 Poles are to be removed to the interior
of Russia, and Russians substituted for them.) Should
this happen, many hopes and wishes will probably be
realised. The march of troops towards the Black Sea has
not yet ceased, and it is affirmed that a Russian corps will
now really enter Persia, if it has not already done so, to
prevent a rising in the interior against the Schah, and to
enable him to employ his whole army to repel the English
invasion.

FRENCH FUNDS.—PARIS, Otrrom 6.
five p-r Cents.. lull. 10c. s^c.
Four and a Half ner Cents. laif.
four per lents., 102 f.
Three per Cents., 80r. 75c. iil.2c. 85c.
Rente vie Naples, 10(!f. .10c.
Bomar. Five per Cents., in 276 103.
Spanish Actives, 111% 2(1.
Spanish Passives, 43i,
Belgian Loan, 1013 t.
Belgian Bank, 1,147 f. 50e. 1,445 f. 1,447 f. 50c.
ilaytian Loan, 375 f. 372 E 512 c.

EXCSIANeh Loam*.
Onernonth, paper, :25f. 124 e. ; money, fsf, One
Three months, paper, 23f. 30..; money,2sl. 27j4c.

LATEST PRICES.
Five per Cents. 109 f. 50c.
Three per Cents., bof. 90c.
Romans' 103.
Belgian Loan, 10114.
Belgian Bank, 1,447 f. 5Ce.
Spanish Actives, 20.
Spanish PASSIVeR, 4 q.
Hovtiari Loa., 31:2f.
BELGIAN 1: UNDS—SRIISIELB, OCT. 6.
Actual Debt, 2yj per Cent.
Rothschild's Loan, 5 per Cent. lOl
Loan of Thirty Millions, 4 per Cent.
3 per Cent......... Cent.........—
Loan of City, 1:,3,2. 4 per Cent 97
Society of Commerce, 4 per Cent laoA
Bank of Belgium, 5 per Cent
National Society .
—ffrussels Papers, Oct. 6.
AUSTRIAN FUNDS.—Vissors, SEPT. 29.
Five per Cents. Metalliques
Four per Cents.
Three per Cents.
Bank Share.
1430
—Aligemeine Zeitung, Oct. 3.

The German Papers received this morning contain
a letter from Odessa, dated the 10th ult., in which the
arrogant pretensions and real designs of the Court of
St. Petersburgh are set forth with a degree of cool as-
surance, evidently intended to make a powerful im-
pression upon the minds of the SULTAN and the Vice-
roy of EGYPT. That this letter is the production of a
Russian functionary who enjoys the confidence of the
CZAR, we no more doubt than we do that it will be
stigmatised by the agents of Russia as an arrant
forgery, should it be found to operate against the suc-
cess of the plans which it is intended to promote. The
first three or four sentences will show how boldly Russia
can speak out—how impudently she can assume the
dignity of an injured Power—when she meditates
new schemes of aggression
The whole of Southern Russia is. assuming a warlike
appearance. New detacliiiki,t3 of troops come daily from
the interior, and ships of war from all parts of the Black

Sea arrive partly here and partly in the harbour of &has-
topol. Abut 30 men-of-war, of different sizes, are ready
to put to sea and to tL:ke on board, at the shortest natiee,
15,000 troops, to convey them to any place w'aere they
may be thought necessary. The Porte appears of late -not
to place that confid, nee in Russia which it has a right to
expect. It courts the favour of the more distant nations,
and suffers itself to be dazzled by the nimbus of traditional
power which now scarcely exists as opposed to Russia,
evades the counsel of its natural protector, calling up, by
new inconsid rate plans tending to the destruction of Me-
hemet Ali, dangers which it is not able of itself to avert—
dangers which the equivocal friends whom it sends Redschid
Paella to look for in the west of Europe are not disposed
to ward off, except so far as after a careful mercantile cal-
culation there may appear to be a balance in their favour.
Had it not been for the unfortunate affair of the
Vixen the Russian scribe would not have dared thus
scoffingly to allude to the traditional power of England
as opposed to the actual power of the ruthless bar-
barian who presumptuously claims the Protectorship
of the Ottoman empire. We well know when that
unlucky event took place that it would long rankle a
thorn in the side of Great Britain ; and every day that
has since elapsed has brought us some new painful
confirmation of the accuracy of our knowledge. We
are insulted at every turning ; and, what is of
more consequence, our apparent pusillanimity
on that occasion has been trumpetted by the
agents of Russia in the east, as a practical
and decisive proof of our inability to enter the
lists against the CZAR, and consequently of the
folly of trusting to our professions of friendship, or
preferring our alliance to that of a Power which de-
monstrates its strength by trampling with impunity
upon the naval flag of Great Britain. The charge
preferred against the Porte of not placing that con&
&nee in Russia which the latter Power, as the natural
protector of the Osmanlis, has a right to expect,
would be, laughable, did we not know how much its
expression indicates the confidence of the CZAR in the
I near approach of the downfall cf the Turkish
Monarchy. From the instant Russia feigned
a displeasure at the want of confidence placed in her
protection by the Georgian and Polish Governments,
the ablest State .men of Western Europe predicted
the total overthrow of the national objects of her soli-
citude. They saw in her affectation of a wounded
self-love the strongest indication of her determination
1 to pick a quarrel with these States, and history—.
I though brief in relation to the existence of a Russian
Monarchy—had taught them what was to be expected
from her professions of assuming an attitude purely
defensive. But enough of this. Now for the rest of
this document :

Let the Porte beware, that, in case of a division in the
interest of the European Powers, it be not crushed by the
collision of opposed forces ; let it beware that, in case the
relations of the East should, as it seems probable, assume
a new form, it does not suffer injury by changing those who
have hitherto been its friends for others. It seems to rne,
that it forms too low an estimate of the power of Russia,
which manifests itself all over the world, not indeed with
noisy ostentation, but for that very reason with the greater
certainty of success—when it adventures, by rashly devot-
ing itself to another nation, to excite an alienation which
may easily turn to open hostility. A time will come,
and it is not fir distant, when people will be every-
where convinced of Me beneficent views which Russia
entertains, with respect not to Turkey alone, but to
Europe in general. It is certainly not in consequence
of diplomatic intrigues, not by conflicting hopes, which
Russia—as its adversaries shortsightedly assume—under-
stands how to inspire—that Germany in gener.l approves
of its wishes—that France seeks its friendship—that Persia
places itself under its protection. Mehemet Ali looks up
to it, and expects only from St. Petersburgh order, tran-
quillity, and an equitable settlement of the pending ques-
tions. If Russia desired to abuse her power any manner
whatever, it would have done so long ago. Inaccessible to
attack in its own country, commanding the most energetic,.
the most hardy people on the earth, everywhere sure of
sympathy where Sclavonian language, Schuonian manners
prevail, it might long since have broken down the barriers
of Europe, and dictated its will as laws. But moderation
has always been its motto, and magnanimity, even to ene-
mies, of which it has always given proofs, and most espe-
cially of late years to the Porte. We repeat these proofs
at this very moment, when it would be easy for us, within
these twenty-four hours, to prove to the Sultan in Constan-
tinople itself, how wrong he is to waver in the confidence
which he was accustomed to place in the efficaciousness of
our protection.

It is impossible to misunderstand the concluding
sentence of this article. It states as plainly as lan-
guage can, that the Porte subsists as an independent
Power by the mere sufferance of Russia. The writer,
in short, with a delicacy worthy of the refinement of
his nation, intimates that unless the SULTAN dismiss
his English and French ales, and confess himself the
vassal of NICHOLAS, he has a chance of being
awakened some fine morning by the thunder of the
Autocrat's cannon playing upon the minarets of St.
Sophia. A short time will suffice to show the effect
of this language upon the resolutions of the Cabinets
of England and France.

COLONEL NAPIER and MR. VINCENT

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.
SIR—" The Indiscreet Friend of Colonel Napier" is sorry
to have excited the wrath of " The Reporter," but he begs
to repeat that neither Colonel Napier, nor two other per-
sons who were close t 3 him and to Mr. Vincent, heard the
latter couple the Colonel's name directly with the word
" knave ;" and hence, if " The Reporter" heard him do so,
" The Indiscreet Friend" may be permitted to say that
The Reporter" has particular ears. They may be par-
ticularly good.

A few weeks ago a young woman named Anne Davis
was tried at the New Court, Sessions House, and sentenced
to seven years' transportation on the evidence of David
Evans, who in the report was stated to have represented
himself as butler to Sir Benjamin Hall, Bart. On re./ding
the report the Hon. Baronet immediately wrote to the Judge
stating that he never had any servant of that name, and that
his butler had been absent from London, and suggested the
possibility of some other parts of the evidence being incor-
rect. It appeared, however, on reference to the notes that
the prosecutor's statement was not that he was in the
service of Sir B. Hall, but lived with a gentleman of that
name residing in Paddington.
SCIENTIFIC EXPEDITION.—The Recherche, whose
return to Brest we have already announced, after having
reached 80 deg. N. lat., and 19 deg. long. E. of Paris, was
obliged, as we learn by a letter from Brest, to relinqui-h her
further voyage, in consequence of the men net being able to
bear the intensity of the cold, the thermometer being down
to 30. deg. below Zero of Reaumur, of 67i below freezing
point of Fahrenheit. Here the Recherche found a Russian
ship which had been wrecked, and in her cabin the heads •f
four men, whose bodies no doubt had been devoured by the
white bears. It is said that the Recherche will probably go to
the West Indies, whence she will return to Havre, to take
another scientific commission on board, and resume her Polar
expedition at an earlier period next year, the season in the nor•
there seas having been too far advanced in this her late cruise.
—Journal de Paris.

On Monday week the Earl of Radnor called to.
gether the whole of his servants, agricultural and others, and
informed them that in consequence of the abundanve of the
crops he should allow them double wages for that we, k, in ad.
tion to the usual harvest allowances. This is the second time
this year that his Lordship has doubled his labourers' wages.
Wiltshire Herald.

Between six and seven o'clock on Friday mornine, a
labouring man named Kendall was paising by one of the brick
kilns in Pocock's-fields, Upper Islington, on his way to his
work, when he stumbled over a man lying beside a ourning
clamp of bricks. At first he thought the man was asleep ; but
was shocked and alarmed by perceiving that the man was
dead. His face was black, and his features frightfully dis-
torted. He directly gave information of the circumstance to
the police, who conveyed the body to the receiving vault un-
der Islington Church, where it remains to be own' d. The
deceased appears to be about 23 years of age ; but is much
emaciated, evidently through want; his apparel indicates the
extreme of wretchedness and destitution, and the situation in
which the body was found bespeaks his being a.houseless wan-
derer. There is no doubt but that, allured by • warmth of

the kilo,l;ehaas;;L;llbeside it, and falling asleep through
fatigue, had been suffocated by the noxious vapour. About
his person was found an out-patient's ticket, in the name of
William Haselhurst, for the Royal Free Hospital, Greville-
street, Hatton-garden. The Coroner has issued his warrant
for holding an inquest on the body.
NUMBER OF MEDICAL MEN IN GREECE.—In

1837 Greece contained upwards of 926,000 souls ; the army
amounted to about 12,500, and the navy consisted of thirty-
two vessels of war. The entire number cf licensed practi-
tioners, exclusive of the medical men belonging to the army,
aas 83; but there were no fewer than 130 empirics, ho were
tolerated by the Government, in consequence of the lack of
educated practitioners... Medical Gazette.