The Sun.
London, England, 1849-08-15 00:00:00

PORTUGAL.

Ad vices have been received from Lisbon to the 9th,
and from Oporto to the 10th.
The body of CHARLES ALBERT has been embalmed,
and deposited in the Cathedral of Oporto, to await
the arrival of a Sardinian man-of-war, which is to
take it to Genoa. Every honour was paid to his
remains.

The Duke of TERCEIRA and the Marquis of FRoN-
TEIRA have announced their intention of supporting
the Cabral Ministry.

GERMANY

AND

THE NORTHERN STATES.

AUSTRIA AND HUNGARY.

RUMOURED DEFEAT OF THE GREAT
RUSSIAN ARMY.

The latest intelligence from the seat of war is con-
tained in the Paris journal La Presse. It is there
stated that a member of the Commission of the Legis •
lative Assembly had -on Monday received a letter
announcing that the great Russian army had been
completely defeated by the Magyars. It was added
that the Russian army of reserve was marching night
and dray towards Podolia and Volhynia, which were
uncovered by the defeat, and whi& h provinces the
Emperor NICHOLAS feared would be invaded by the
victorious Hungarians.
Although this intelligence stands in need of confir-
mation, we are yet inclined to attach credit to it from
the fact of its appearing in La Presse. For the last
eighteen months the Presse has beeo the accredited
organ of the Austrian Embassy in Paris, and its
" communications " have always had attached to them
a semi-official character. La Presse has, moreover,al ways
been considered the Russian organ par excellence, it has
on more than one occasion boasted of its Russian con-
nexion, and it is generally understood that the Emperor
of Russia himself found funds for that paper. Under
these circumstances, we are inclined to believe that the
defeat of the Russians is at least as complete as La Presse
represents it to be. Tha following dispatch from
HAYNAU was published on the 9th in Vienne. How
it reached Vienna does not appear ; and seeing that all
lIAYNAU'S communications with Vienna are cut off,
and that the Government has even :topped the
running of the Pesth mail, lest it should be seized by
the Hungarians, we are inclined to believe that his
dispatch was concocted in the Vienna Chancery from
certain flying rumours, rather than that it is a genuine
production of HAvnau himself. The following is the
dispatch :
No later than the Ist of August I had sent out the
brigade Simbschen, whose owposts were at P. Szatimasz,
to reconnoitre the lines of the enemy and ascertain his
strength and his plans, although we had reason to sup•
pose he had decamped from Szegedin. This occurred
on the 2d. The outworks and the old city of that name,
on the right Theiss bank, were found abandoned by the
foe, and the town was accordingly taken possession of.
In the castle were considerable military stores. 379
patients lay in the hospital, among whom were 22 Aus-
trian officers and employes, and 100 private soldiers. A
deputation received me on my entering the town. The
system of terror adopted by the rebels has spread an
incredible degree of misery and disorder throughout
the land. Many inhabitants of Szegedin had fled.
Having secured this important point, I have now at
command the whole of the middle and lower Theiss.
Rich supplies fell into our hands. I hope in a few
days to be able to report a junction with Jellachich,
as now that Guyon (an Englishman, in the ser-
vice of the Magyars) has retired, no further obstacle
exists. On the 3d instant, at four in the afternoon,
I directed the brigades Benedek and Jablonowsky
to attack the rear-guard of the adversary on the lett
Theiss bank, and brought up a reserve of artillery to
their support. Field-Marshal Lieutenant Prince Lich-
tenstein led the expedition with his wonted circumspec-
tion. While the superiority of our fire was made appa •
rent by the silencing of their batt -ties, I ordered two
battalions from the Jablonowaky brigade to cross the
river above Szegedin, and turn the enemy's right flar.k.
The effect of our raking fire was decisive, especially the
rocket batteries, which soon put in flmes Uj-Szegedin,
ob.tinately held by the fee. The extensive and wide-
spreading conflagration was a fearful spectacle. As soon.
as the toe was dislodged from his posts on the banks of
the river, the brigade Benedek began the passage with
his troops, drove the insurgents from tij•Ssgedin,
and commenced the bridge works. The enemy was
pursued from position to position, and a gun, besides
many prisoners, taken from him. At eight in the
evening, after the tete de pont had been sparer
ne, rivance. Benedek, who every-
wherea distinguished himself was slightly wounded. I
sent a battalion of a Russian division as a reinforcement
to Uj-Szegedin. Prince Lobkowitz then took the com-
mand of all the troops on that lido the river. At ten
o'clock the tete de pent was completely in our hands, the
enemy withdrawing to the utmost range of our cannon.
After midnight the bridge was finished, and its head
well armed with artillery. On the 4th they again opened
fire on our tete de pont, in order probably to cover their
retreat and prevent our going after them. The exhaus-
tion of my troops renders a rest-day essential ; but
the first army corps advances to-day on Mako, on the
left bank, to threaten the enemy's line of retreat. The
Third corps will cross the Theiss, if possible, to-night,
at Manisa."

The conclusion of the dispatch does not read much
like a victory. " The exhaustion of my troops renders
a rest day necessary," would seem to speak rather of
defeat ; and " the third corps will cross the Theiss,
if possible, to night at Manisa," expresses a doubt
which, under the circumstances, it is certainly most
prudent on the pat t of General HAYNAU to entertain.
The Soldaten Freund of Vienna states that PAS-
KIEwITCIi ' had entered Debrecsin, and gives the
following account of the Russian movements
When Paskiewitch beard that Georgey, from behind
the Sajo, thought himself a match for Grabbe, who stood
opposite him; be ordered the 4th Russian corps to ad-
valice from Mez )-liovesd to Miakolcz, unite with Grabbe,
and then attack Gorgey, and force him behind the
Theiss. To aid these operations, the Prince advanced
on the 30th July, with the 2d corps, to Papi, and
brought them on the 3d to Esege, where a bridge was
thrown across the Theiss on the 31st of July. Pas-
kie witch ascertained that Georgey, without waiting the
attack, had withdrawn to the Theiss; in consequence of
this the Fiel- Marshal directidGeneral Slacken, approach-
ing from Caschau, to march on Tokay, and then take
possession of the ford. He for his part set off from Papi,
passed the river at Esege over the aforesaid bridge,
pushed forwards to Ajvaros on the Ist August, and on
the 2d was before Debrecsin. This city was occupied
by a determined corps of 18,000 men and 40 cannon,
under Nagy Sander ; their batteries were planted, and
a desperate fire opened on the Russian vanguard ; but
the insurgents were unable to withstand the shock of
the c. mbtued force of numerous 12 •pound batteries,
and the cavalry attacks of the Musselman regiments
(Radetzky hussars), together with storming infantry
columns: and they were beaten. A whole Honved bat.
talion was cut to pieces, six cannons taken, and 2,000
prisoners made. On the departure of the courier the
scattered insurgents were being pursued, and fresh pri
soners made."

The same journal speaks thus generally of the late
defeat of the Imperialists at Comorn :
" 311-4. General Barco stood between Mosea and
Puata skaly, with five weak battalions, and Prince
Colleredo in Acs. The enemy brought sixty guns into
play, while our troops on the right bank had hardly a
quarter of the number. The brigade Colleredo had just
time to make good its retreat, fighting on the left side;
but Barco's, in spite of acts of heroism, could not hold
our, and was severely punished. Two battalions of
Paumgarten and a lancer regiment suffered the most.
The first battalion, shut in by three hostile batteries,
found no escape."
It cautiously abstains from giving any statement
of the killed and wounded.

The same journal gives the following account of
the recent operations of the Imperialists. It should
be remembered that this is the organ of the Imperial
war-office, so therefore the following may be consi-
dered as an account rather of what ought to have
been, according to Imperialist views, than of what
actually is :--
" A month has hardly passed since offensive operations
were began on the part of both the Imperial allied armies,
yet many important results have been attained. We will
place together, in a short sketch, the leading operations
of those armies.

" The regular force of the rebels, not including the
Landsturm and Szekler, amounted to about 170,000 men.
Of this number 25,000 were at Siebenburger; 20,000
were Fpread between Leutschau and Bartfeld for the de-
fence of the passes and lower declivities of the Carpathian
mountains.

" The remainder of the Hungarian forces took up a
diagonal line, cutting the line of the Waag from Comorn
to Temesvar, and the Danube and the Theiss, which
may be regarded as the provisional basis of the line of
operations of the Hungarians. The distribution of this
force was probably as tollows:—At the junction of the
Waag with the Danube there were 60,000 men under
Georgey. In Raab there were 25,000 men under
Klapka. On the Plattensee, and near Foldvar, Aulich
was placed with 15,000 men. In and about Sz..gedin
Therestopel there were 35,000 under Perezel and Guyon,
and about Temesvar and Arad there were 15,000 men.
" On the opposite side tha two principul Imperial
Armies were thus placed.

‘• Auslri..n army, wiLn. th, Russian division ot'
Paniutin, under Field-Marshal liaynau, was at Pres-
burg. The Russian army under Field-Marshal the
Prince of WIMP/ was at Duldk in Galicia.

" The Austrian army rapidly concentrated itself on
the right bank of the Danube, and pressed forward
upon Ra.b. Klapka endeavoured n va,n to oppose this
army ; he therefore rapidly withdrew to an entrenched
camp, under the guns of the tcte de pont betore Co-
morn, while Haynau, with the four divisions constituting
his army, followed on his footsteps, and Besieged that
place. The Russian army in the meantime had gone
from Dukla, over the 'Carpathians, to attack the in-
surgent tom., which was 20,000 in number, and which
had been pl4ced to defend the mountain passes ; the
latter were driven back and dispersed, and the Rus-
sians took possession of Kaschau.
" A glance at the map will be sufficient to show that
while Georgey was thus engaged by the Austrian army,
and compelled to remain at Cumorn, the Russian army
could advance from Knschaw upon &law and Hatvin,
and operate in a direct line upon the base of the opera-
tions of the enemy's force, and breaking through it so
as to leave Pesth and Buda in the hands of the Imperial
army, and also so to sever the chief strength of the
communication as to compel them to isolate a portion of
their force in Comorn, and to diverge another portion
directly behind the Theirs.
" By means of the diversion of a corps ( f the Russian
army towards Debreczin, and the immediate progress of
another portion of the same force to Miskolz, the rebel
chiefs were deceived as to the true designs of the Rus-
sian Field-Marshal.

" Dembinski having been forced back from the defiles
of the Carpathians by the Ru:.sian army, posted the
portion of the insurgent force remaining with him be-
tween Albeiti, Czegled, and Szolnok, which position he
' took up as a new centre of a basis for a line of opera-
tions. Georgey remained in his entrenched camp behind
the tete du pont before Comorn, He had endeavoured
to escape from this position on several occasions besides
that of the 2d of July, when he tried to force his way
through th© Austrian army opposed to him, not doubt.-
ing but that he should be able to get into the plains, so
as to fellow Prince Paskewitch. As the Russian Field-
Marshal continued to advance upon the Sajo towards
zo-Kovesd, the rebel chiefs were fully awakened as to
the error they had fallen into. They therefore de-
termined, by a combined operation, from Comorn and
and Szolnok, to effect a union of their forces near Wei
zen. With the view of concealing his actual design from
the Austrian army, Georgey made a sally on the 11th
of July from his entrenched camp at the tete du pont on
the Danube; but at the same time he sent off his bag
gage towards Gran, and followed in the night with his
army, turning off by the road towards Waitzen, at which
place he thought that it would be possible to effect
junction with the army of Dembinski (who had likewise
rapidly marched from Szolnok towards Jthz-Bereny and
Alberti for that purpose), before the arrival of the Rus-
sian army under Field. Marshal Paskewitch, who had his
head-quarters at Gyongos, with the second division ce
his army (the fourth division of the army was farther
back towards Kapolna; the third division was in advance
at Hatvan, al hough he pealed forward his patrols as far
as Szobb, towards Waizett), did not receive intelligence
of the march of the enemy until the evening of the 14th
of July. General SASS thereupon received an order
to advance instantly with a battalion of cavalry towards
Waizen, while the remainder of the cavalry
was to follow as soon as possible to suppor
him. The infantry corps were placed in the fol-
lowing positions. The third division was sent by rapid.
marches by the road of Aszed to Waizen, to meet the
army of Georgey; the fourth corps was ordered to ad-
vance from Kepolna towards G-) ongyos, to make head
against Dembinski; the stcond corps was placed for the
time at Hatvan, where, according to circumstances, it
could act as a reserve to either the third or fourth divi-
sion. By means of those rapid and circumspect dispo-
sitions, the plan of the enemy was frustrated, and every
possible eventuality provided for. The two armies to
Georgey and Dembinski separately were each of them
nearly gird to the furze under the Russian Field Mar
ahal, but ti ther far surpassed it. George), endeavoured.
on the 15th of July, to tit:bunch at Waizen, and by de
grees his force appeared to consist of 30,000 men and 70
pit ces of cannon; but he found that he could not overcomt
the resistance of the weak force opposed to him, namely,
three regiments of cavalry and eighteen pieces of cannon,
which was the extent of the advanced guard of the
Russian at my under Sass. The leader of the rebels
then abandoned his plan, and on the night of the 16tit
and on the 17th he took advantage of the open road, by
way of Balassa Gyarmath, towards Losoux, to march
back. Waizen was taken on the 17th by an infantry
column of the 3rd Russian division, and the rear-guard
of Georgey was pursued with so much rapidity to Ba-
lassa-Gyarmath, that 2,000 prisoners were taken, and
Georgey continued to hasten his retreat. General
Grabbe, who had received orders to proceed from
Altsuhl to Losonz, prevented the insurgents throwing
themselves into the mining towns. Georgey hastened
his retreat to Rima Szombath which he reached on
the 19th, and which he left on the same day, and
in increasing disorder tell back towards the Theiss
by way of Rima-Secz and Putnock. The army of
Dembinski had no better fortune. It had been in-
timated at Szolnok, and had retreated rapidly upon
Jasz-Bereny and Alberti. The advance guard of his
first column, composed of 6,000 cavalry, on approaching
datvan was reached near Tura by Count Tolsty who
drove it back with great loss, and pursued it to Nagy-
Kato. At the same time the first columns of the Imperial
army debouched from Buda, whereupon Dembinski
hastened towards the Szegedin, with the view of effect-
ing a union with the rebels in South Hungary. So far
the design of the operations of the Russian General ap-
peared to be brilliant. Pesth and Buda had Callen. The
whole country as far as the Theiss had been again con-
quered. The great strength of the rebels had been di
vided into two parts, each of which was isolated in
diverging directions towards the north and the south,
and the salvation of each corps depended upon
its making a rapid retreat behind the rivers.
The two Imperial armies had gained, in possessing
themselves of Pesth and 1A.,a., a no— aed etteemen
;sacs, ,s stuns. In their further advance
they could secure a constant co-operation with each
other, and the two armies could, towards Tokay on the
one side, and towards Szegedin on the other, continue to
drive back the two portions of the army of the insurgents,
so as to render their union impossible, and on the proper
occasion could, with an overwhelming force, attack and
annihilate them. From further operations which took
place su_da reflections appear to have existed in the
minds of the leaders of the two Imperial armies. Field
Marshal Ilaynau left a corps of observation before Co-
morn, which was now completely isolated, and he sent
General Schlick towards Szolnok, while he moved by
Kecskemet and Theresiopel towards Szegedin. Prince
Paskewitch left the pursuitof Georgey'e corps to General
Grabbe,who soon advanced to Eperies and Kaschau,where
his force was strengthened by the junction of the ad.
vanced corps of General Sacken. The Russian Field-
Marshal then placed his army in the following positions.
The fourth division fell back to Mezo Kovesd, from
whence, as circumstances might require, he could pro-
ceed to the support of Grabbe, by way of, Miskolz or by
Esege to Debreczin, before Georgey could prevent him:
The second and third divisions had been ordered to pro.
ceed by rapid marches to Peroszto, to force there the
passage of the Theiss and seize Thissa Fured, and then
either attack Georgey's corps, it he should approach
from Ttkay, or join the army of Field-Marshal tlaynau
at 6zegsdin, so that together they might attack and de-
stroy the insurgent force. Thus it appears that they
could rapidly advance imposing masses, which could be
applied at two strategetie points in such a way that the
most important results might be exp-cted without need-
less bloody and partial battles, while a division of the
forces might render this inevitable."