The Sun.
London, England, 1836-08-18 00:00:00

If it were so, then it would only be necessary to pass one
simple law, that the will of the majority of persons having
any common interest in land, or any other common object
or property, should at all times, and to all extents, bind the
rights of the minority, a course which would extinguish all
individual rights, and create great inconvenience, misery,
and confusion. In all these cases the Legislature acts on
the ground that a general good will result to the commu-
nity—that an accession will be made, by this particular
suspension and violation of the general law, to the great
stock of general happiness.
'As the law now stands, the Lord and claimants of com-
mon rights cannot unite to inclose the commons, by reason
of the rights of the dissentient minority, of the rights of
the Church, of remaindermen, and of reversioners, which
would be thereby infringed. The promoters of the Bill
seek to introduce a measure superseding the general law
and infringing on the rights of individuals, on the assump-
tion that, by devoting certain additional land to cultivation,
they shall effect a public good which will more than coun-
terbalance the evil attendant on the accompanying infringe-
ment of private rights. The petitioners, for protection to
great towns, on the other viiand, ask the Legislature to
pause, alleging that the projected new law will not only
infringe the rights of the minority, churchmen, remaindermen,
and reversioners in the degrees contemplated, but will also
put an end to so large a measure of human enjoyment, now
existing, that the evil which will be thereby occasioned,
being added to the before-mentioned contemplated infringe-
ment of the rights, will, when united, amount to a mass of
evil, much greater than can be counterbalanced by the good
to be effected by bringing this additional land into cultiva-
tion. But their prayer, that the Legislature will not disturb
the present order of things, is widely different from a prayer
that the legal rights of others may be in any respect violated.
The question, then, is, will the happiness of the whole
community be more increased by a law which shall not only
violate the rights of the minority, the church, the remain-
dermen, and the reversioner, but which shall also put an end
to a large measure of physical and moral enjoyment at pre-
sent freely conceded by the owners of property to their fellow-
subjects, upon the expectation that this law will be produc-
tive of some, perhaps problematical, but at least small, in.
crease in the quantity of human subsistence ? or will the
happiness of the whole be best consulted by suffering the
law to continue as it is, leaving it to the unbiassed option
of those who command the power to choose whether they
shall continue to allow the inhabitants, whose happiness is
so greatly promoted by the present state of things, to enjoy
undisturbed the luxuries of nature ? Reason and justice,
as well as humanity, will decide in favour of the latter.

In the Palais de Justice at Paris is preserved among
the archives the original process against Joan of Arc. In the
margin of the interrogatory addressed to her is her portrait
drawn in ink, evidently done by the officer at the time, and
' which has since served as the original of the various portraits
of the French heroine. In the same place are also preserved
the clothes in which the regicide Damiens was dressed at the
moment of his crime.
The patient upon whom Mr. Mayo performed am-
putation at the hip joint, about four months ago, was on Tues-
day discharged from the hospital cured. Sir Astley Cooper
amputated with similar success at the shoulder joint, in a
patient afflicted with the same rare disease of the nerves that
this patient laboured under.
Upwards of 60,000 sheep and lambs were penned
at Britford fair, near Salisbury, on Friday last, and met with a
ready sale at advanced prices. Some lambs, the property of
the Earl of Radnor, fetched 265. a-head. At Tanhill fair,
near Devizes, on the Saturday previous the market was glutted,
and the prices 2s. per head less.
BROWN SHERRY.---" Perhaps" says the writer of
some letters from Spain in the Inquisitor, " you may not be
aware that the brown Sherry is mixed with boiled wine, that
the pure is the pale Sherry, and that what is called amontillado
is one butt of the same year and vineyard, which attains to a
greater degree of perfection solely by the chance process of
fermentation. The brown Sherry is, indeed, preferred in
England, for climate produces strange changes in the palate,
but to me it tasted flat compared to the pale."
Two cassowaries have just arrived at the Garden of
Plants, Paris. One is the hooded cassowary from the large
islands of the Indian Archipelago, and was brought by a merchant
vessel to Bordeaux. The other is from New Holland. The
Zoological Society of London had presented to the Garden
two young ones hatched at London, of the latter species.
At a Scientific Congress now assembled at Liege
one of the subjects under discussion is the possibility of a uni-
versal language, as a consequence of iron railroads.
The grand dinner given by the Junior United Ser-
vice Club to the Duke of Wellington and General Lord Hill,
at the Club House in Charles-street, St. James's, was a very
sumptuous entertainment. One hundred and eight officers sat
down to table ; Vice-Admiral the Right Hon. George Cock-
burn in the chair, who was supported by General the Earl of
Rosslyn, Vice-Admiral Sir John Beresford, Major-General
Sir James Cockburne, &c.
ROXBURGHSHIRE.—We are happy to learn, on
unquestionable authority, that the Reform interest in this county
is again on the ascendant, in quite a decided way. A slight
difference of the figures may be made in the Registration
Courts, but in no way to put to hazard the triumph of reform
in Roxburghshire.—Scotsman.
The inhabitants of Manchester have determined to
erect, on the scite of the present Exchange-buildings, c. spa- i
cious Exchange-room, a news-room, Lloyds-room, Post-office, i
a room for the accommodation of the Chamber of Commerce,
a room for public meetings, a room for public sales, brokers'
offices and chambers, and a library, and also apartments for
such other purposes as may he considered advantageous to the

The new mail from Brighton, through Southampton
and Salisbury, to Gloucester, started at half-past seven on
Monday from Castle-square in Brighton.
VIENNA, AUGUST s.—Accounts from Grosswar-
dein say that the great fire in that town was the act of two
boys. One, the first, an apprentice, who for having stolen
five florins om his father, was justly chastised by his father,
set fire out of revenge to his father's house, and on the second
day a school boy, to whom his master refused permission on
the first day to go out of school and see the conflagration, set
the house on fire in order to see a great conflagration, and had
before told his schoolfellows there would be a fire on the same
day.—Hamburgh Paper.

DOG LAW.—The Board of Aldermen passed a
law, on Monday evening, the principal features of which are,
imposing a fine of 25 dollars on the owners of dogs who suffer
heria to run at large. Authorizing any person to kill dogs in the
streets, and granting a premium of fifty cents. for every head
brought to. the proper officer. We have no doubt this will ef-
fectually rid the city of dogs.—New York paper.
SURVEYING AND EXPLORING EXPEDITION TO
THE PACIFIC OCEAN AND SOUTH SEAS.—WC learn that the
President has given orders to have the exploring vessels fitted
out, with the least possible delay. The appropriation made by
Congress was ample to ensure all the great objects contem-
plated by the expedition, and the Executive is determined that
nothing shall be wanting to render the expedition in every re-
spect worthy the character and great commercial resources of
the country.--Aew York Paper.
THE STARS.—The largest star in the sky is one
in the south, called Sirius, or the Dog-star. If we could sup-
pose it to be equal in size and light to our sun, we should know
that it is distant from us the inconceivable space of two mil-
lions of millions of millions of miles. But one of the stars has
been calculated to have a diameter three thousand times
greater than our sun ; so that the distance of Sirius may be
somewhat less. It is certain, however, fi:om other calculations,
that the distance is not less (however more) than nineteen
millions of millions of miles. Light travels at the rate of a
million of miles in five seconds ; now, it will take a year and a
half to travel from some of those conspicuous stars. Other
stars have been calculated to be forty-two thousand times more
distant than Sirius; accordingly, the light which they bear in
our eyes, when we look at them through a telescope, must
have left them sixty-three thousand years ago, and been tra-
velling a million of miles every five seconds ever since.—
Chambers's Edinburgh Journal.
PAUPERS.---A large number of English
paupers
are constantly arriving at this port. The British brig -
,os
orates arrived here on Saturday from Rye, with 71 passengers,
all of whom, Captain Metcalf informs, had their passage p
t
and were fitted out for the passage with provisions thepauper.h . We
by he
parishes. Some families they paid 201. for.
Each
_ for, but that
when on board the vessel received IL from
his
trust the Mayor will suffer none to be commuted
he willitake ample bonds that they shall not
upsohoerd.
become.l chargeable
is that.ltl hbeeyo
own!,
el
towns to this city. The evil, however,
they will become a tax
off into our country towns, where they
Thus, although New York may escape,
on the country. The mode of
off paupers by the
English Parish Magistrates, is' most_ disreputable, and laws
shippiviistrates,
ought to be made and enforced, compelling shipmasters to take
them back from whence they came.--New York Paper.
VISIT TO PRESIDENT JACKSON.--In the evening
Colonel Wheeler introduced us to the President, General
Jackson. We found him in company With Mr. Van Buren, die
Vice President, who is a candidate for the supreme office at
the period of regularvacancy. It was a
gratifying opportu-
nity of familiar and animated conversation over a cup of coffee,
on topics connected with some of the most important interests
ofour respective countries. Recent intelligence from Europe
was touched upon, and particularly news relative to Ireland,
which led to a somewhat extended discussion of the compulsory
support of religion as contrasted with that which is spontaneous
and voluntary. It was gratifying to ascertain that the mind of
the chief magistrate of this mighty nation was as free from all
the sophistries arising out of the unhallowed blending of things
sacred with things secular, by the alliance of the Church with
the State, as his person and Court were disencumbered of the
pomps of royal etiquette. He uttered, with great emphasis,
these memorable words, " Human legislation in matters of
religion may make hypocrites, but it cannot make Christians."
On the tithe system, particularly as it was working in Ireland,
which led to the conversation, the President spoke with still
kindling energy, and in terms which harmonised with what
may now be considered public opinion in every part of the
British Empire, till all the soldier was apparent, as the Gene-
ral exclaimed, " I had rather die a thousand deaths than see
my wife and children starve, while I was robbed of one-tenth

of. my labour to support a religion I disapproved." The Pre-
sident is a man venerable for age, and distinguished for mili-
tary talent. He courteously invited us to dine with him on
our return from Virginia—a pleasure we were compelled to
relinquish. —Drs. Cox and Hoby's Narrative.

LICENSED VICTITALLERS;SCHOOL

(From the -.ilivrning Advertiser.)
On Tuesday an excursion down the River, in aid of the
Fund for Building the new School in Kennington line by
this Society, took place under the most favourable circum-
stances. The Commercial Steam-packet Company, with
the generous benevolence by which they are so honourably-
distinguished, gave the gratuitous use of 'their splendid ves-
sel the EmcrakZ for the purpose of the excursion, •and the
Governor and Committee of Management made such ad-
mirable arragements for the accommodation and gratifica-
tion of the company as could not fail to afford the highest
satisfaction, the effect of which was manifested, in the 'as-
semblage of as highly respectable a company as ever did
themselves the honour of uniting, on any similar occa-
sion, in support of the excellent Charities of the Li-
censed Victuallers of the metropolis. The capital Band
of the Surrey Yeomanry Cavalry, in full uniform, con-
ducted by Mr. Wallis, entertained the company during
the day, with pieces of exquisite music. (many of them
composed by Mr. Wallis, the Master of the Band),
and for a considerable part of the tune played qua-
drilles and waltzes, for the entertainment of those who
wished to enjoy the amusement of dancing, of which the
younger portion of • the company very generally availed
themselves, an awning over the after deck affording a most
delightful ball-room, in which the close and heated at-
mosphere of a palace was well exchanged for the healthful
breeze, and the prospect of varying and delightful scenery.
Nor was attention to the viands and wines, so neces-
sary an ingredient in the pleasures of an excursion, by any
means forgotten. The provision of every kind was most
abundant, and of the very best quality, which, indeed, all
those who have gone by the Commercial Steam-packet
Company's vessels well know forms one of their charac-
teristic excellences. The Emerald, with her benevolent
and happy company, left Nicholson's Wharf soon after nine
o'clock, and arrived at Sheerness before two, passing on the
way every steamer of which she came in view. At Sheer-
ness she lay at the Pier upwards of two hours, during
which time a considerable portion of the company went on
shore, and visited everything worthy of being seen in that
very costly fortification. After all her company had re-
turned on board, the Emerald passed round his Majesty's
ships moored in the Medway, before proceeding on her way
home.

The company were entertained at dinner, at successive
hours, with the most comfortable accommodation, and after
the last dinner, at which Mr. Corby, the Governor of the
Corporation, and the Committee of Management dined,
they came on deck to honour the toasts to be given on the
occasion, and the greater part of the numerous company had
an opportunity of joining in the sentiments, and listening to
the accompaniments of vocal and instrumental music.
The GOVERNOR, in proposing the first toast, observed'
gust it was a most gratifying sight to him and his colleagues
to see so numerous and respectable a company assembled
in support of a charity that was so justly dear to all their
best feelings. As loyal subjects, they would, at all times,
drink his Majesty's health with feelings of affection ; but as
Licensed Victuallers, and as supporters of a school for the
education of the children of their less prosperous brethren,
his Majesty had peculiar claims on their affection and grati-
tude, as he had long been the patron of their School, and
had lately granted them a Royal charter of incorporation.
He should snot detain them from the expression of their
feelings, but at once give the health of his most gracious
Majesty William the Fourth, the Patron of the 'Licensed
Victuallers' School.
The toast was drunk with three times three, and age
cheer more, followed by immense applause.
Messrs. Wills, Hunt, and Blake sung " God save the
King" in capital style, a large portion of the company join-
ing in the chorusses.
The GOVERNOR, in proposing the next toast, observed
that many of those he had the pleasure of seeing around
him well knew the happiness of having excellent wives, and
how highly they deserved to be esteemed and honoured.
His Majesty had that happiness, and his people had the
great advantage of her Majesty's excellent example. He
had been upwards of four years on the Committee of the
Society, which gave him considerable opportunities of ob-
taining funds for the support of its beneficent charity, and
he could truly say that he had ever found amongst the fair
sex its most generous supporters. He, therefore, felt pecu.
liar pleasure in proposing the health of the most illustrious
Lady in the land—" Her Majesty the Queen."
The toast was drunk with every demonstration of respect.
The GOVERNOR said his next toast was one they had
long been in the habit of drinking with the most heartfelt
affection. The Duke of Sussex was the generous friend of
all charities, but in a peculiar manner of charities in sup-
port of education. His Royal Highness was so endeared
to all their, feelings, that nothing more was necessary than
to propose. " The health of the Duke of Sussex."
The toast was drunk with unbounded applause.
The GOVERNOR next observed that there was one other
toast, in which all their feelings were enlisted, and with
which the best interests of their charity were bound up.
The Morning Advertiser was the main support of their
charitable institution, and they all felt it had the strongest
claims on their affection. The dividends derived from it
formed a never-failing source of subscriptions to the school,
and the portion of the profit divided amongst the decayed
members of the trade amounted to between 701. and 801.
a-week, and gave comfort to many in their old age, who
would otherwise be destitute. This was a claim to support
which no other journal could boast, and it must afford all
the members of the Society the highest gratification, that
the fearless and undeviating independence of its principles,
and the ability with which it was conducted, had so rapidly
increased its circulation as to give the greatest confidence
of its continuing to afford increasing support to the benevo-
lent purposes to which its profits were devoted. These
were objects they all had at heart, and they would all unite
with him with perfect satisfaction, in drinking " Prosperity
to the Morning Advertiser." The toast was drunk with
applauses loud and long continued.
The GOVERNOR said he had now a very pleasing duty to
perform, which was, to announce to them that a liberal sub-
scription, in aid of the Building Fund, had been entered
into by the company present, the particulars of which the
Secretary 'Would read to them.
The SECRETARY then read the list of subscribers with
the respective subscriptions, which amounted to upwards
of 1201.
The GOVERNOR soon after addressed the company, and
said he had already informed them that during his expe-
rience on the Committee he had ever found the ladies the
most liberal subscribers ; he was happy to find their disposi-
tion continued unchanged. Many of the ladies around him
were anxious to make additional subscriptions in support of
the good-work in which the company were engaged. His
own wife had laid her commands upon him to present five
guineas, and many other ladies were prepared to give him
similar commands, all of which he would be most happy to
obey.
Many other ladies presented similar subscriptions of five
guineas each, which soon increased the receipts of the day
to nearly 9.001.
Mr. WARD, the late Chairman of the Committee, pro-
posed the health of the Governor, whose exertions in sup-
port of the Institution he bad long witnessed as a brother
Committeeman, and which it was impossible could be sur-
passed. Tiley must all feel happy that the effect of his
exertions, had corresponded with the zeal, benevolence, and
'ability which had ever been displayed by their Governor in
the good cause in which they were all engaged.
The toast was drunk with unbounded applause.
Mr. CORBY made his aeknosvledgments with great feel-
ing for the extreme kindness with which his humble services
were appreciated. He could not but feel that his humble
abilities were greatly overrated, but he felt convinced that
he should never be found deficient in zeal for their truly
excellent charity.—(Great applause.)
Mr. EVANS proposed the health of the Trustees and
Committee, who so ably and zealously co-operated with the
Governor in the cause of charity.
The toast was drunk with fervent applause.
Mr. WELLS returned thanks, and proposed the health of
the Chairman, Trustees, and Governors of the Licensed
Victuallers' Asylum, who were, like themselves, actively
engaged in the support of a most useful charity.
The toast was drunk with great applause.
Mr. GOODE returned thanks.
Mr. LLOYD proposed the health of the Chairman and
Directors of the Commercial Steam-packet Company, who
had generously' given the gratuitous use of their splendid
vessel the Emerald, in aid of the charity.
The toast was drunk with the greatest honour.
Ur. JANES, one of the Committee of the Company, re-
turned thanks, and expressed his confidence that it would
always afford the Company the highest gratificatioa to aid
the excellent charities of the Licensed Victuallers.
Several of the gentlemen present entertained the com-
pany with excellent singing, and the whole day passed with-
out the occurrence of the slightest incident to gisse cause
of regret to any individual. It was indeed a day of un- •
mixed benevolent enjoyment. The whole company landed
with perfect safety at Nicholson's Wharf soon after to
o'clock.

RAMMORUN ROY'S SONS.—At the period of Ras
mohun's death, which took place in 1833, at Stapylton-grol
near Bristol, his two sons were in India, one 30 years of ap
the other 15, the former of whom has been recently partak;
of the hospitalities of Lord Lynedoch, at Dunsinane. 7
young Rajahs, it is said, derive an income of 3,0001. or 4,0 i
sterling per annum, on account of certain services perfork
by their father to the fallen King of Delhi, in proseeutin,
claim against the East India Company, to the extent of nea
half a million of money. Of the female branch of the far
of Rammohun, according to the Eastern custom, no cognizi
is taken, therefore nothing is positively known. The n:
Rammobun is, in Sanscrit, literally, "'The beloved of Ra
royally descended."