The Sun.
London, England, 1831-06-02 00:00:00

'FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE.

FRENCH PAPERS.
'(From the Messager des Chambree, Theaday.)
PARIS, MAY 30.—The Temps contains the fol-
,owing snide respecting the Dissobition of the
'Chamber

" The Ordinance for the Dissolution has not yet
appeared, though it was announced for the 26th.
It may be a long time before it appears, for another
journey of the King is spoken of, who, it is said,
will set out on the 4th of June. This delay must
not, however, make those uneasy who fear lest the
old Chamber should be perpetual.
" It is well known that the Dissolutien has never
been called in question by the Prtsident of the
Council."

if the candidateship of the Prince of Saxe Co-
burg should obtain the majority of seffrages in the
Belgian Congress, there seems to be no reason win;
France should oppose it, unless opposition should be
founded upon some notion of a future union between
the two countries ; but such union not being pos-
sible in the present state of Europe without n gene-
ral war, we should ask whether the annexation of
nine departments, which must bring with it a charge
of one-half of the Dutch debt, besides a great dis-
turbance among our industrious manufacturers,
would really augment the strength and the prospe-
rity of France ?
It would, moreover, be necessary to conquer the
Rhenish provinces belonging to Prussia, to Bavaria,
to the Grand Duchy of Hesse Dramstadt, and also
the fortress of Mayence, in which Austria has the
right of maintaining a garrison ; for without the
boundary of the Rhine, Belgium could not be taken
in the rear, and could become an embarrassment to
France. If we also consider that a prejudice very
deep-rooted in the English nation will always lead
it to dispute with us the possession of Antwerp,
we must fear that England would make common
cause with the Cabinets of the Continent ; whilst in
all the other chances of the Belgian question we
have the probability of seeing this Power remain
at least neutral, if, indeed, she should not join ac-
tively with us.
If there did not exist that exclusive jealousy of
the Cabinets, and the fear with which France in-
spires them, even when reduced to her present
boundaries, there could be no doubt but that the
union of Belgium would be the very best course to
adopt in order to come to a satisfactory conclusion
of the details of the question.
We have in fact shewn ►hat Belgium, in itself
not being sufficiently strong for maintaining its mili-
tary defence or its commercial prosperity, neces-
sarily required to be unitt•d either to Holland or to
France.

But these two combinations having become im-
possible through the operation of the human pas-
sions, namely, the hatred of Belgium against Hol-
land, and the jealousy of the Cabinets towards
France—it becomes wise in us to abstain from
putting into action a temperament which cannot end
in either one or other of the two above-mentioned
results. Besides, by the independence of Belgium
we shall always secure that dissolution of the king-
dom of the Netherlands which the Congress of
Vienna had devised against France.
It is easy to see that in the case of a Continental
war, in which England should not be interested, the
Prince of Saxe Coburg would also rennin neutral ;
for he would always have as secret enemies the
House of Nassau in Holland, and Austria, which,
together with Pruasia and Russia, would be regret-
ting the dissolution of the kingdom of the Nether-
lands. This neutrality of Belgium,'necessarily pro-
duced by the nature of things, and specified, more-
over, in the protocols which have recognized its in-
dependence, covers our frontier on that side, and
nullifies the threatening line of strong places of
which our enemies could have taken advantage dur-
ing the existence of the kingdom of the Netherlands.
There is however, one difficulty which is to be
apprehended respecting France; but it does not
arise from the candidateship of the Prince of Co-
burg, but from a far different cause. The following
is the difficulty to which we allude:—

Since he who is to reign over Belgium cannot
accept the kingdom without a line of boundary
which comprises the left bank of the Scheldt and
Luxembourg, and some other concessions on the
part of the Powers forming the Conference of Lon-
don, we shall have reason to fear lest, as a corn-
pensation for what will thus be conceded to the
new kingdom, Prussia, Austria, and Russia, should
demand the union of Belgium to the Germanic Con-
federation.

France will not hesitate to offer its most de-
termined opposition to a scheme which would have
for its real effect, although indirectly, to attach po-
litically, and in a military point of view, Belgium to
these Powers, and to place at their discretion the
line of fortresses. But we do not think that any
such project can be raised, for it would be in mani-
fest contradiction to the neutrality of the Belgic
kingdom, consecrated by the protocols.
Reverting to the Prince of Saxe Coburg, we will
add another (and it shall be our last) view of the
question. France having renounced Belgium because
she could not discover positive advantages in the
aggrandisement of territory at the expense of a
treneral war—a war to which no limit could be
Axed—and because the nomination of the Duke de
Nemours would produce that great evil without
effecting the integral union of Belgium to us, it
appears then that a Prince connected with the Royal
Family of England would be more desirable for
us on the throne of Belgium than any other
person who could be mentioned ; for England, and
particularly since her liberal movement of Reform,
is the only great Power with which we can be in
harmony of doctrines and political institutions.
In the present state of- warfare existing between
the constitutional and the despotic principle, we
cannot receive any umbrage at our doors from a
Prince whose origin will be entirely conformable
to the end and spirit of our revolution, without
taking into account that by this good understanding
with England we tighten the bonds which already
unite us in a community of European interests
with her.

We have pretended in this article to consider the
candidateship of the Prince of Saxe Coburg only in
that point of view in which his elevation to the
throne, in its political bearings, affects France. We
await in the mean time the deliberation of the Bel-
gium Congress, which is very 600 n to take place. It
Is sufficient for us to establish that, if his election
should take place, our opinion will not be opposed
co it, as well for the reasons already advanced as
because it is of consequence to see terminated in
some way or the other this Belgian question, which
has now for so many months kept Europe in sus-
pense.
But, in any case, it will be to the firm, although
peaceable attitude of France, that Belgium from the
beginning, without any support, will owe its liberty.
This is a consideration which should not escape the
view of those who level so many unmerited cri-
ticisms against our foreign policy.
(From the Constitutionnel.)
-WARSAW) MAY 16.—Letter from General La-
fayette to Prince Adam Czartoryski, President of the
rational Government :

" Pi April 2
"MY PRINCE,-1. have had the honouatre, of writing to
you lately by three hands, and I hope my letters will reach
you. The object of this is to introduce to you, at the re.•
guest of my colleague, General Lamarque, a superior offi-
cer, who has the happiness, much envied by me, of depart-
ing for Poland. Colonel Langerman was lately First
Aide-du-camp to General Lamarque. Ile is provided with
passports, and speaks German, which makes us Lope that
he will succeed in the object of his journey. lam happy
to take every occasion to offer you, my Prince, the ex-
pression of my Polish wishes, of my sentiments as a Na-
tional Guard of Warsaw, and of my attachment and my
respect.

(Signed) " LAFAYETTE."
Colonel Langerman, in fact, arrived at Warsaw
on the 15th instant. He was obliged to pass the
frontier of Prussia by crossing the marshes under a
shower of Prussian bullets, none of which, fortu-
nately, struck him. He had promised six ducats to

his guide, a peasant of the Grand Duchy of Posen.
When they supposed that they had escaped the
Prussian Guards, the peasant would not receive any
reward, because he understood that the Colonel wa,
a Frenchman, who had braved se raaey dangers to
come and fight with tit'si roles. Our present posi-
tion allows us to fruit the most flattering hopes. A
long future is opening before us. Ancient Poland,
the Poland of our ancestors, is rising from the grave.
Already the Chief of tEe Russian army has been
obliged to give up two plans of the campaign. The
battle of rebruary 25, which he described to his
Sovereign as a victory, obliged hi:us however, to
give up the idea of marching stritigiat on Warsaw.
Our success of Match 31st destroyed his favourite
plan of passing to the !eft bank of the Vistula, and
compelled him tc retreat. The third act of this military
drama is now begun, and it has opened by a triumph
We already give our herds ourbretbren inVolhynia,
and victory already= reaches the hand to us from the
other side athe Bug; already, in fact, our countrymen,
who have been deprived even of the name of Poles,
swell our ranks, and fight with uss Thss inhabitants of
Samogitia and a pact of Lithuania break their chains,
and demand
our assistance with loud cries. Cer-
tainly, the Imperial Ukase published at St. Peters-
burgh, which threatens the insurgents with the most
severe punishments, striking even at the children of
those it calls guilty—this Ukase, far from chilling
their patriotism, will inflame it still more. Europe,
on reading this decree, will learn perhaps what are
the duties which humanity imposes on it; and the
insurgents will see what they have to expect from
the clemency of the Emperor. Thus the Russian
Commander-in-Chief is surrounded by defenders of
the national indeperrsience, and meets Poles at every
side. The insurrection forces a part of the Russian
Guard to remain at Samogitia, Our line of mili-
tary operations extends from Pultusk to Garvolin,
and Diebitsch, wbh his 80,000, is opposed to
70,000 commanded by the conqueror of Dembe.—
Our troops burn with ardour to meet the enemy,
and are only retained by the consummate pru-
dence of the Chiefs. We expect to hear the
firing of cermon, which signal of a new combat
will be to us the signal of another victory—
and another victory will be followed by the
evacuation of the kingdom. The enemy now
occupies only a part of the Palatinate of Augustow,
a part of which is in arms. He maintains his powers
in the Palatinate of Podlachia, and in the environs
of Lublin) where he has left, under the command of
General Toll, a corps of 24,000 men. The corps of
General Sterawski, which has regained the left
bank of the Vistule, is re-organising, after its losses
in a too rash enterprize. It will be reinforced, and
will he able to keep the enemy in check in that
part of the kingdom. It is, however, to be sup-
posed, that a single victory will be sufficient to com-
pel the whole Russian army to retreat beyond the
Bug, where new dangers and new defeats await it;
for never has Poland collected such an imposing
force. We have 100,000 men under arms, without
including the volunteers who come from all parts, or
thirty thousand men who are formed into regiments,
but are yet destitute of arms, being our last reserve.
The spirit of these warriors is noble. They feel a
certainty of conquering the Russians, who are dis-
couraged. They say to our people, when taken
prisoners," You must be victorious, for God is with
you." The faith of the Russians makes them weak,
while the faith of our soldiers makes them strong.
It cannot, however, be doubted, that the battle
which is again to commence, will cost us a great
deal, and expose us to many sacrifices. The army
of Diebitsch, now reinforced by the corps of Gene-
ral Pahlen and the Imperial Guard, numbers nearly
150,000 men. The Russians have called to their
aid also pestilence and contagion, and they have
employed against us the corps of General Pahlen,
which is ailllcted with cholera morbus. This disease
has been communicated to the Polish soldiers, who
came into contact with the Russian prisoners.
Great care was immediately taken, and we hope to
add to the services which we have already rendered
Europe, that of saving it from this terrible scourge.
Since the campaign began we have lost about 7,000
men. The hospitals contain about 3,000, and the
enemy has sent about 3,000 prisoners into the Rus-
sian deserts. The Russians have taken from us four
guns, but they have not taken a single flag. They
have lost, however, in the field of battle, 20,000
men. Their hospitals are filled with sick and
wounded, to the number of 30,000, and more than
16,000 prisoners have marched through the streets
of Warsaw. The cathedrals are ornamented with
eleven flags taken from the enemy, and forty
guns, with 12,000 muskets, which belonged to
him, are now 'used in our defence. Moreover,
6,000 Lithuanian soldiers have left the Russian
army, remembering that they were Poles, and have
united with us. Our resources are not yet exhausted.
We have two strong places, neither of which is
surrounded by the Russians, and of neither of which
has the Russian General attempted to make himself
master, except by employing the means of seduc-
tion, which were spurned with indignation. Thanks
to the care of the Government and the patriotism
of the inhabitants of Warsaw, we have a third place
almost impregnable, for a population of 1.p,000
souls is there ready to defend it. This is the subut b
of Praga. Do not forget the skill and prudence
of our Commander-in-Chief, and let us adopt the
conviction with which the Poles are deeply pene-
trated, that " when justice and right are for us, and
united with a strong and persevering will, we can
surmount all difficulties and attain the object we
desire."

The Lithuanians pursue their enterprize with
pious ardour. All the inhabitants, not excepting the
aged, take arms, in order to deliver the common
country. Already they have been obliged to make
reprisals, in the hopes of arresting the cruelties of
their oppressors. A superior officer, who has been
made prisoner since the Russians hanged'Schon and
shot Labanowski, has been hanged by order of a
Court-Martial. The order was communicated to
the Russian advanced posts.
(EXTRACT OF A PRIVATE LETTER.)

The calamities we suffer increase from day to day.
The frightful aspect of the country through which
the Russians have passed can scarcely be conceived.
You may pass over two or three miles, and not find
a single house unburned or sacked from top to
bottom with extraordinary care. We lately went to
head-quarters, which are at a small handsome country
house, eight leagues from Warsaw, at Ruda. You
cannot imagine how every thing is destroyed. Not
only the windows are broken, the doors split open by
axes, but there is not a single piece of furniture left
whole. The harpsichord has lost all its strings, and
the keys are scattered about the garden. The beds
and mattrasses are torn to pieces, and their contents
thrown out of the window. There was a small
library; and all the time that the Russian Generals
inhabited the house, they would not allow a single
log to be put on the fire—they burnt nothing but
books ; and as they could not burn them all, they
threw what remained into the river that runs through
the gardens. These details will show you how these
troops behaved, and in what manner the Generals
amused themselves. But the horrors they commit
at every moment are still more shocking. Massacres
are forbidden, but the soldiers individually commit
the most atrocious crimes. Women and children have
been found murdered. One woman had her breasts cut
off, that she might not nourish another revolutionist,
old men have had their eyes torn out—it is horrible.
All the waters are poisoned ; everywhere legs and
arms or whole corpses are thrown into the wells or
springs. All this, we are told, is nothing to what
passes in Samogitia and Lithuania. There the re-
volution has taken a character of despair. It is
known that mercy cannot be expected, and the
people have resolved, therefore, to perish rather than
to surrender. They fight like lions. The Russians
are enraged, and burn and destroy whatever they can
lay their hands on. They chase the unhappy people
into their houses, and setting them on fire, receive
all
The those
e atrocitiesw 110 et ab de
ye acvoomu rmtiot
cannotescape obne their
ebi
vaeydo
andets.
Europe contemplates with calmness these scenes in
the extermination of a whole people, whose existence

and independence are so united with all the central
and western part of our Continents And where 4.
France, our ancient and powerful ally; and whie
has she done in our behalf? •
FRENCR FINDS -PARIS, MAY ja-Five per Cents., 91f. 90f.
90c. 80c. 75c. SOc. 60c. 70c. 60c. M.. 90f. 75c. 70c. 65c. 70c. ; New
Loan of Mil, 91f. 10c. 30f. 90c. • Four per Cents. 75f. 60c. ; Three
per Cent., 65f. 40c. 30c. 40c. 30c. 20c. 25c. 9:)c. 25c. 20c. 65f. 15c.
loc. tk 65f. 15c. ; Bank Stock, 1,627 f 50c.; Rente de Naples,
73f. 72f. 75c. 50c. 60c. 75c. ; Reute d'Espagne, 13% 34 ; Royal
Spanish Loan, 6734 ; Rente Perpetuelle d'Espagne, 5.1 53;ti 54
53% 53% % 3,4. Exchange on London, one month, paper,
25f. 15c. ; money, 25f. 15c.; three months, paper, 2.5 f. ; money
25f-Cours AmPhentique,