The Sun.
London, England, 1825-07-01 00:00:00

THE MARKETS.

• CORN EXCHANGE, JULY 1.
There are short supplies of English Grain • this week, but
another large quantity of Irish Oats. Pine Wheat alone finds
sale at Monday's terrni,, bther-' quali ties hardly maintain- M JD.
day's terms. Barley tin-4sitle readily at
.last
Beans and Pease fully support the rates of Monday. Pine
sweet Oats are a fre,sak-, and fully support their prices; other
sorts are very dull.
A Rnrvats.—English Wheat, 2,sso—Bariey;
s,loo:—PlOur, 2,76 UL-Irish Oats, 1.5,800.
.7

SMITHFIELD MARKET, :Ttrr.r 1..'
The following is an -accurate Report of the numberS* and
prices at 'withheld Market this, morning:—
CATTLE AT MARKET
Beasts , 406 1 Sheep 3l' "'I ltp,ao
Calves . 360 I Pigs ' --9
To sink the Offal, per stone of Mt. '
Beef 4s 4d to Ss 2d I Veal
Mutton 4s 6d to 5s Otl l Pork - 4s f, 1 to 5s 'Bl
Lamb Ss ticl to 6s 4d.

MAY AND STRAW, PER LOAD.
Hay £3 40 to £4 10 I Clover 4l' Os to £ lOs
Straw 4:116s to 1:2 10s. . . • '

_•. ~ • .
r HORRIBLE ATTEMPT AT MURDER IN I'ItANCE—Tht
following case came on a few days ago at the Assizei at Tours.
, A milliner, named Dureau, who resided at Tours, wi4hiii to
dispose of her business, was waited upon by a paintdt and
glazier, named Pellerin, who pretended that he was authoilied
by two young ladies to treat for it. After several interviews, in
which the terms were agreed upon, but without ,the names of
i the parties being declared, he came on the evening of the 28th
March to the house of Alin Dureau, and informed her tharthe
young ladies would be there presently to_ pay-the purchase_ money, and prepare 'to take possession. The evening,V4Ssed
on, but Pellerin 'contrived, with one excuse' or other,, io
account for the non-appearanee' of-the purchasers, until 'nearly
midnight, when 31iss Dureati, becoming uneasytreoneseed him
to retire, and got up herself to conduct him to the door; but
just as She was about to open it, 'Pellerin threW7himielf 'tipiitt
• her, put his hands into her mouth to prevent' her cryifig odt,
and, having forced her to the ground, dragged her to the eBt '.
ter, where he grasped her throat with the intention of strangling;
-her, jumped upon her bialy, and 'beat her head repeatedly!ii
the floor. The blood-flowed copiously 'faun the nose and thenth
Ofthe victim, and made Pellerin believe that she was','Able
to call out-for help. In order to make sure work, hoVrioer, he
' drew a knife from his pocket, and atteMptettiO;6li heViii,rtiaf.
At this moment a profuse hiemorhage took place 'fermi the
mouth, and the stream of blood made the wretch believe that he
had effectually cut her throat, when,' in fact., he had only very
slightly wounded it. By an inspiration of Providenet,• 'Miss
Dureau had presence of mind to keep in her •breath, nridtthus
deceive the assassin. She received the blow of the knife With-
out the least motion, and Pellerin, when he put his Mile dPon
the wound and withdrew it covered with blodtt,' had little:doubt
from this circumstance, and her inanimate,appearance, that
she was dead. Under this impression, he returned to the sitting
room and ransacked the cupboards. By the reflection of the
light Miss Dureau could see that she was unobserved by
Pellerin. Suddenly assuming resolution, although she had
scarcely any strength left, and her head was' in a lake of blood,
she crawled to the side-door of the shop, which opened into
the passage leading to the staircase, passed through it, shut
the door gently, and finding the key in it, turned It upon her
assailant. She then crept up stairs to the front rociM•bn 'the
first floor, and locked herself in. With much difficillti, she
succeeded in placing herself at the window, with the inten-
don of calling for succour, but her strength failed her.' The
window, however, being open, her groans were heard ,at about
one o'clock in the morning by a M.-B. - , who was
passing. He addressed her, and after some lime heard front
her what had happened, and that Pellerin was still in' she
house. M.' B. fetched the police and entered the shop, where
the wretch was found and effectually secured. On his triat he
maintained the greatest sang froid, and heard sentence of dehtli
pronouneed without displaying the slightest emotion.. Miss
Dureau has happily recovered. We hardly need add, Mkt, tlfc'
story told by Pellerin about the two young ladies was fictitious.

• -
A knife was) one day last week, discovered is
a wall of the ruins of St. Augustine's Itlonastery; the blade,,
which was encased with rust, was of a different shape froni those
now in use, and on the haft was inscribed, in German langitaiti,
and characters, the following legend :—All a citel in dir zeelt
~" All this world is vanity." -

IDE LONDON JOURNALS.

DAILY
Extracts
,front the Morning Papers, July 1, 1825.

[BRITISH PRESS.]

The Bill for amending the Combination Laws
passed the House of Commons last night, and
was carried up to the House of Lords, where it
is ordered to be read a second time this evening.
A great deal of factious opposition has been made
to this Bill, than which none more important to
the best interests of our manufactures has ever
received the approbation of Parliament.. ft is
unquestionable, that at this moment large masses
of the workmen are under •the guidance and di-
rection of persons who, by the machinery of dele.
gation, continue to exercise an influence equally
mischievous and extensive. Those who are practi-
cally conversant with the state of our trade, know
the dangerous consequences that haw resulted
from the absurd and insolent extremes to which
combinations have been carried. Mr. Ellice stated
last night that the silk manufacture—one of the
most thriving in the country—was in imminent
risk of destruction through evils of this character.
We have heard that in like manner several of the
established branches of our manufactures have
been exposed to considerable loss and danger.
No one pretends to justify or excuse the practices
in which the workmen have indulged since the re-
peal of the Combination Laws. No one attempts
to deny the injurious effects that must result, both
to masters and workmen, from these practices.
The single question then that remains, is, how
they shall be suppressed, without interfering with.;
that perfect freedom which the artisan should
enjoy in disposing of his labour. The object of
the Bill now before Parliament is chiefly to pre- ;
vent the use of " violence to the person, or pro-
perty, or threats, or intimidation," towards those
who may not choose to comply with, or insist up-
on, the terms which may be required by some of
the workmen. Surely there can be no doubt of i
the propriety of this measure. Yet the Bill, of
which it is the essential part, has been resisted
by Mr. Hume and Sir F. Burdett, as if the con-1
stitutional rights of Englishmen were about to be
al once and for ever abolished. With regard to
Mr. flume's opposition to the Bill, it may be
-worth mentioning, in order to disabuse the work-
men of their reliance on this sturdy champion,
that every clause of the Bill is, in accordance
with his recorded opinions at a former period,
and that since the introduction of the present
Bill into Parliament he fully and distinctly
gave his assent to its. principle. intem-
perate language in which he subsequently con-
ducted his perverse opposition deserves the re-
probation of every sound and rational friend
of the public welfare and tranquillity; and
we are convinced that the very -men whose
bad passions he endeavoured to inflame, will,
when the present excitement has passed away,
and the evil practices in question are suppressed,
be the first to condemn the tone and spirit in
which their supposed interests were defended.—
They will have under .this Bill all that they
should possess : the unlimited. right of consulting
and agreeing together as to the rate of wages
they will accept, and the hours of work they
will be employed. All that is forbidden is the
use of threats and violence, to compel the ais-
sentient minority of their fellows to labour on
the same terms that the majority may think fit
to demand.

[sv.w Times.]
The principles of Free Trade are brought so
much into discussion at the present moment,
that we feel. it a duty to lay hold of every topic
which tends to their illustration. In another
part of our Paper we have made some extracts
from Lord Grenville's speech to the Levant
Company, in February last, recommending the
surrender of their Charter. The speech has since
been printed ; and as this illustrious Nobleman
is compelled by the delicacy of his health to
withdraw almost entirely from public business,
the rare occurrence of his delivering his senti-
ments on a great commercial and political que3-
lion deserves to attract peculiar notice. his Lord-
ship is a zealous advocate for those free principles
of commerce which his Majesty's Government with
such universal approbation is now cultivating.—
England (argues his Lordship, with a just na-
tional pride) was the birth-place of true experi-
mental and practical philosophy—England first
exhibited to the world a splendid fabric of civil
and religious liberty—and by England were first
developed the invaluable benefits which must
arise from a free commercial in tercouse between all
the tribes and families of mankind. Nor is the free-
dom of trade any longer a mere glittering theory,
or visionary, dream. We have brought it out into
actual operation; we have made it an engine of in-
calculable profit to our own country and to the
world. Much has been done, but it has been done
deliberately, gradually, and therefore safely.—
Much more yet remains to be done ; for our
Legislators and Statesmen have entered upon a
long and honourable career, and they will not
shrink from pursuing it to the most glorious con-
summation. The surrender of the Levant Com-
pany's Charter is one of the nattirnl and neces-
sary results of the enlightened policy so ably de-
picted by Lord Grenville. In the-times of the
Stuarts, Government thought it did much if it
granted
.a charter to a body of British Merchants,
graciously permitting them to explore new paths
of commerce at their own expence, and even to
tax themselves for the purpose of paying Mini-
sters, Consuls, and other Officers properly be-
longing to the State, and discharging political
duties. , While this burthen was improperly
thrown upon the Levant Merchants, they were
as improperly compensated by a monopoly ex-
cluding all other British subjects from the Levant
trade. The result of the whole was a duty equal
to about 3 per cent. on the imports and exports
of Levant-goods, . which duty will now wholly
cease and be' done away -with..„ The importance
of this; relief may easily .be estimated, when 'We
advertto the increased and increasing trade with
.the Levant, which-furnished ant export of the fol-
lowing amuunt in the last three years, viz.:—ln
a ad . in
152(4, 182; 1,274,42.371.
1824}4397,091.,; atul. the imports have. advanced

in a similar proportion.—That su,:h a trade should
remain under the restraints of a Charter, was not
beneficial to the persons engaged in it; and was ma-
nifestly detrimental to the country at large. Mr.
Canning, therefore, in a letter to the Governor and
Company, stated the intention of Government to
take upon itself the payment of the Consuls and
other political Agents, and of course to put an
end to the duties and consulages paid to the
Company for supporting these officers ; and he
concluded by suggesting for their consideration,
whether it might not be expedient for them to
give up their remaining privileges, as no longer
connected with the public interest, and formint,
useless and injurious restrictions on trade. This
suggestion was adopted on the earnest recommen-
dation of Lord Grenville, and in conformity
with the enlightened principles developed in
his speech.

[MORNING POST.]
The Combination Laws Bill passed the Com-
mons last night after experiencing several amend-
ments proposed in the shape of clauses by the
Attorney General. The first of these orders
that prosecutions under the Bill must corn-
mence within six months after the commission
of the offence. The next limits the imprison-
ments of refractory witnesses to three months ;
1 and the third and most important of all gives
to the individual convicted a right of appeal to
the Quarter Sessions, upon loving sureties to the
amount of 101. for himself, and two more in
101. each ; but upon conviction at the Quarter
Sessions the offender is to pay the costs. A
new preamble proposed by Mr. Calcraft was
also substituted for the original one, as more
explanatory of the nature and objects of
the Bill.—Mr. Littleton postponed to the next
Session, the further consideration of the question
respecting the management of private business,
in compliance with the wish of many Members
who thought the subject of too much import-
ance to be hastily settled.—ln the Lords the
Earl of Liverpool moved the second reading of
the Customs Duties Consolidation Bill, and ex-
plained its objects to the House. The only part
which struck us as being an addition to what Mr.
Iluskisson described as the objects of the measure
in the Commons, was the retention of a power
to encrease to the amount of 5 per cent. the im-
portation duties on the goods of any country, the
Government of which, not content with refusing
us a reciprocity of advantages, should display a
gross partiality against our trade. This is a very
wise provision, and will greatly contribute to en-
sure us that reciprocity which we do not demand,
but which we have a just right to expect. The
Noble Earl also announced that he should early
next Session propose the reversal of several at-
hinders, in addition to those which have already
been the object of Parliamentary legislation.
Contrary to the expectation of Ministers, the
!louse of Commons seas not last night ready for
the proposed adjournment.

[THE TIMES.]
One consequence of the mania for speculation
in shares is seldom adverted to, although a serions
one to the regular merchant and fair trader. We
allude to the borrowing money on them, as the
technical term is, " on continuation," and which
may be thus explained to those not conversant
with the various modes of doing business in Lon-
don. A speculator, who believes that the shares
in a partinilar undertaking will hereafter increase
very materially in value, but who is unable to ac-
quire them by real purchase, buys for a dis-
tant period, and when that arrives carries
them or continues them for another period,
borrowing money to pay for them, and pledg-
ing them es security. Such has been the
demand in the city, owing to the extent of
the speculations, for this species of accommoda-
tion, that a very high rate of interest has been
charged, far beyond that authorized, in common
money transactions, by law. It is not un-
common for speculators to give in this mode
20, 30, or even 50 per cent. for the conti-
nuation, and capitalists have found the tempta-
tion to appropriate their money to such use so
irresistible, that it has become extremely diffi-
cult for the merchant or tradesman to raise mo-
ney at the rate of 5 per cent. 'We are induced
to call the attention to the practice for two rea-
sons-Ist, that as no speculations arrive at a
successful termination which are supported by
borrowing money at so exorbitant a rate of inte-
rest, a crisis in the money-market must arise from
perseverance in the practice ; and 2d, that the
transaction appears to us to be clearly within the
scope of the Usury Laws, and that many wealthy
individuals who now appropriate their capital in
this manner, might be ruined as well as disgrac-
ed by a conviction under those laws. The mere
exposure which even an unsuccessful prosecution
would carry with it, ought to be dreaded by all
men of character.

[MORNING HERALD. J

There is something suspiciously inconsistent in
the exclusive zeal with which abuses are hunted
down in the Court of Chancery. We suspect
abundant matter of complaint would he found in
another, inferior, but most important jurisdiction
--the Ecclesiastical. The Chancery does not
and cannot exceed these Courts in protracted
litigation and enormous costs ; and the num-
ber - of ruined suitors is at least equal in
proportion. It is not long since a motion
was made by Counsel in one of these
Courts for a statement of the costs in a particular
cause. The motion was refused as informal, but
the object seemed to be to ascertain what the
costs in this .cause had been. ft appeared, from
the statement of Counsel, that though the ex-
pences nominally were but a few hundreds, they
would be found, if the bills of costs of the Proc-
tors were ordered to be produced, to amount to
'considerably more, in reality, than as many. thou-
sands. How far the expence may be reduced is,
perhaps, doubtful. A great part, however, it may
.be observed, arises from large fees to Counsel,
-where. postponements take place and nothing
has, been done. Bat_ delay may obviously be
avoided. A Court that sits -only- iii term—hut
anei day in the week, aud sometimes only for
a -aliery few- hours, in that weekly sitting, can,

mike but little progress, especially %%here con-
jugal litigation is, from some cause or other,
greatly on the increase. These Courts should, in
truth, be even more carefully watched than any
other. In suits between husband and wife, the
husband has to pay the costs on both sides at
every step of the proceeding. if to be wealthy,
or at all in solvent circumstances, the lady
will of course easily find a Proctor to under-
take her cause, and, perhaps, interested advisers
to bring her husband and herself into Court.—
Upon the whole, it may be said that inquiry
and reform are quite as much called for here as
in any other quarter. If the hardships have
been less obtrusive upon the public notice, it is
only because the cases are fewer, and the busi-
ness is not witnessed by, or brought before the
public so generally as in the other Courts.

~TI.LF. PUBLIC LEDGER.?
The most contradictory statements continue to
be given with respect to the affairs of Greece.
The Greeks, who are in this country, still speak
in the most confident terms of the success both
of their military and naval operations, and in
conformity of this, adduce advices from different
quarters. On the other hand, a letter from Zante,
received yesterday by a respectable House in
the City, draws a most deplorable picture of the
situation of the Greeks. It mentions the capture of
Nayarit] as certain, and relates some particulars
of the conduct of Ibrahim Paella towards his
prisoners generally, which show that he has no-
thing of the barbarian but the name. The troops,
who composed the garrison of Navarin, he is said
to have treated with the utmost humanity, and to
have engaged neutral shipping to convey them to
a place of greater safety. if this accou►it be
correct, which places him in the double light of
a generous enemy and an able politician, it would
prepare us for further and greater success on
his part. These anticipations, too, are the
more likely to he fulfilled, if it be true, as
the letter states, that disunion and even treachery
have made alarming progress in the ranks of
the Greeks. In support of this charge, it is
stated that Pietro Bey has gone over, with his
troops, to the enemy, and that another corps,
which was employed in the blockade of Patras,
has followed this disgraceful example. The same
letter speaks of the flight of a person, who filled
a conspicuous post at Missolong-hi, and who car-
ried off with him a large sum of the public money.
These statements, painful as they are, are still pro-
bable, on account of the numerous partizans that
Colocotroni has in the Morea,and whoare probably
mare eager to revenge his overthrow, than to op-
pose au enemy, who employs gold, promises, and
caresses in profusion, and who is capable of using
the most vigorous means if these fail. The letter,
however, contains a partial admission of the de-
feat of the Egyptian fleet at Coron. A frigate
and a brig, besides some transports, were ,de-
stroyed on the occasion by means of the Greek
fire-ships. But, when the rest of the fleet got
out of the harbour, they proceeded to attack
the Greeks, who are said to have fled precipi-
tately. This statement certainly explains what
was before unintelligible in the official accounts
published by the Greeks ; for the uncertainty in
which it loft the subsequent movements of Admi-
ral Miaulis, was utterly irreconcileable with his
claims to a decisive victory.

[MORNING CHRONICLE.]
Mr. Brougham did himself great honour by the
eloquent and manly manner in which, on present.
lug a petition from Richard Carlile, he repro-
bated the sentence under which that individual
had so long suffered. His arguments were a very
apposite commentary on the beautiful passage in
his inaugural discourse at Glasgow, printed at
the request of the principal Professors and
Students of that University, and therefore
adopted by that learned and highly respect.
able body : " The great truth has finally gone
forth to all the ends of the earth,—that man
shall no more render account to roan for his be.
lief, over which he had himself no controul.

Henceforward, nothing shall prevail upon us to
praise or to blame any one for that which he can
no more change than he can the hue of his
skin or the height of his stature." It is the
more meritorious in Mr. Brougham, and the Uni-
versity of Glasgow, to adopt so liberal a princi-
ple, that the nation in generaris, we believe, far
from being ripe for it. We are reproached even
by the Quarterly Review, in the last number,
with being one of the most intoleraant nations
in Europe ; a singular circumstance, when it is
considered that the philosophy of Europe re-
ceived its strongest impulse from the philo-
sophers of England. The punishment award-
ed to Carlile is, no doubt, worse than
death, and therefore we do not
give the Judges
who sentenced him credit for mercy, in
not sentencing him to the stake. They might
have done so with safety, for we firmly believe,
that if Carlile had been sentenced to the flames
they would have pleased a very great part
of the population of England. Let us hope
that kinder views will at length prevail,—that
whatever men may think of any opinions,
they will not wish to sentence those who en-
tertain them to punishments as severe as any which
can be inflicted by the Inquisition. To shew the
difference between punishment when awarded by
dispassionate Legislation, and punishment award-
ed as in the case in question, we shall quote the
enactments on the subject in the Prussian Code,
drawn up during the reign of the present religious
Monarch :

" §214. Whoever insults the religious bodies adopted by
the State, by abuse in public discourses or writings, or by
offensive acts and gestures, shall be subject to an imprison-
ment of from four weeks to six months, in a Prison or House
of Correction.
" § 217. Whoever, by coarse invectives against Goo (bias-
PhernY), pronounced publicly, gives occasion to general offence,
hall be imprisoned for from two to six months, and then be
instructed respectirig his duties and the magnitude of his
offence."
That the sentence was contrary to law, we do
not for a moment doubt. Mr. Brougham quotes
Sir Edward Coke to shew that blasphemy was
.not an offence at Common Law. In the Eccle-.
siastical Code of every country of Europe, it
ranks below heresy, and the law of England
bas left,heresy, the heavier offence, entirely to
(Iw.Ecelesiastical Courts. Our forefathers, rude as
they were, pUnished heresy only with fire when

the offender would not tezaut his errors.—ln
every age there is some offence against the pu-
nishment of which few men will dare to raise
their voice. Woe to the unhappy victim if
he falls into certain hands, for where public
opinion affords no check mercy will seldom be
known. But still, though the Judges who pro.
flounced this awful punishment have nothing to
dread from public opinion, while those who chal-
lenge them have, it is lamentable to think that men
should be such wild beasts to each other—that
the ass, whose will comes in contact with that of
its owner, should be protected by a Martin and
thousands of followers, there are none to raise
their voice against the horrid punishment of an
imprisonment for life for an unfortunate human
being.