The Sun.
London, England, 1831-05-23 00:00:00

their labours on these points must conform to the
general opinion. It cannot be otherwise than that
the initiative of the Chamber of Deputies must, in
important matters, give it great constituting power,
which will serve to complete our institutions. This
is inevitable. We will watch, therefore, but wair

with confidence.
AFFAIRS OF BELGIUM.
Something is now said of a change for the better
in the probable fortune of Belgium. Within a month
the Protocols have followed each other rapidly, and
two of them merit attention. The first lays down
the principle that every country may regulate its
interior administration as it pleases, but that the
limits of its territory is a European matter, to be re.
plated by a treaty. With respect to the frontiers,
the Protocol of January 20th is preserved with
some considerable modification. Besides Dutch
Flanders, which is to be united with Belgium,which
will also probably obtain Luxemberg for a pecuniary
consideration ; and, perhaps, even the whole of
Limburg, except .Nlaestricht. All these arrange-
ments are the result of voluntary treaties made by
the parties interested, and if the other Governments
have contributed, it is not officially. The second
Protocol has not yet been communicated to M.
Surlet de Chokier, but we believe we know its
.nature, which is an intimation to Congress, in the
name of the Great Powers, to accept the limits
determined by them, and give the country
a definite setilement before the Ist of June, fail-

ink' which, the Governments represented at London
will cease all political relations with the new State,
and will recall their representatives. As the people,

then, are now less hasty than diplomacy, we may
expect a speedy denouement. The indemnity fixed
by the King of Holland for Luxemberg is stated
at a capital yielding 400,000 florins ; and Belgium,
notwithstanding this exorbitant demand, is disposed
to acquiesce. For Limburg, half the sum is required,
making together a yearly income of 1,200,000 francs.
There is a question of paying the whole capital at
once. It would be a large sum for a small country
like Belgium, but a country cannot buy its inde-
pan crlcC too dealiy. As our neighbours are not
yet recognised, we are not surprised that they do not
haggle at this offer.
P.S. The revenue of Prince Leopold consists in
an annual pension of 1,200,000 francs, with a power
of converting it into capital when he pleases. If
he is called to the throne of Belgium, we suppose
that he will use this power. Our neighbours un-
doubtedly will not permit that their King should be
the pensioner of foreigners.
Extract of a letter from Cholet, May 15.—" The
excitement is diminishing in the Marais, the Bocage,
and the arrondissement of Beaupreau. The bands
are in the most deplorable state, and cannot long
keep together. Some of the refractory have re-
turned, others have supplied substitutes. Tranquil-
lity will be restored and maintained if sufficient force
be kept in these provinces to counterbalance the in-
trigues of the Carlists. Many communes wish for
nothing better than to be militarily occupied, which
is a proof that the people desire to remain tranquil.
"We hear from St. Petersburgh that the Em-
peror has rejected all accommodation as to Poland,
for which France and England had warmly interested
themselves, and that colossal measures have been
adopted throughout Russia, in order to stifle very
speedily the insurrection."
(From the Journal des Debats of Friday.)
PARIS, MAY 19.—The Polish Government,
learning that Austria required the disarming of
Dwernicki and his soldiers, with the intention of
surrendering their arms to Rudiger, has protested
against this conduct of the Austrian Government.
Couriers have been despatched from Warsaw to
Vienna on the subject. We dare not affirm that
Austria, under the circumstances, has openly vio-
lated the law of nations. There can be no dispute
as regards the disarming the fugitive troops within
her territory. Perhaps the surrender of the horses
and arms to their enemy oversteps the limits of
strict neutrality. But it was impossible to grant a
passage and retreat to Poland to the materiel of the
which Russia an reap theCiinquesi ot anletti,
cannon, and some thousands of muskets. With
that consideration, one is inclined to view with
some indulgence this concession of Austria to
her relations of alliance with Russia. We must
not forget also that Poland is not yet entirely
independent, amidst the great European family;
and that although she has well merited a thou-
sand times to be admitted, by her courage and
virtues, yet her peculiar situation gives to the
relation of the other Powers of Europe with
ter, something of a vague character, which
cannot be appreciated according to the ordinary
rules of diplomacy. Besides, no direct news from
Vienna has announced whether the disarming of
Dwernicki was effected voluntarily or by force. Let
us return to the situation of the affairs of Poland, and
let us strive to withdraw ourselves from the un-
happy impression caused by the issue of the expe-
dition of Volhynia. There is no reason to despair
of the fate of the nation, which has exhibited such
prodigies of courage and devotion. In the first
place, the germs of insurrection in Volhynia were
not stilled, as has been said. All the direct corre-
spondence is agreed upon this point—that the march
of Dwernicki upon the frontiers of Gallicia was un-
able to give an effectual assistance to the risings
which were prepared in the interior of those pro-
vinces, but that nevertheless it is impossible for the
Russian Government to dispose at the moment upon
the Vistula, the troops which it has called from Mol-
davia and Wallachia. Their delay in Volhynia is
more necessary than ever. Thus the army of Die-
bitsch cannot expect efficacious aid from the troops
of Generals Roth and Rudiger. The veteran di-
vision of Sierawski has resumed the offensive
in the Palatinate of Lublin. It was destined to
support Dwernicki. It can now operate upon
the right dank of the Generalissimo, and thus
augment the force of the principal army. The Corn-
mander-in-Chief has maintained all the positions which
he occupied after hia first victory. The retreat of
Diebitsch is explain ed, both by the scarcity of pro-
visions, and by the insurrection of Lithuania. This
insurrection is spreading. Bodies of ten and fifteen
thousand men, with the young nobility at their head,
occupy the towns, organise governments, and expel
the Russian authorities. Entire villages enthusias-
tically follow a priest with the crucifix in his hands!
Muskets are wanting, but scythes supply their place.
A foundry has been established in a small village,
and five cannons were promised by the 3d May.
It is asserted positively that the Archduke Michael
has re-entered Lithuania with a part of the Imperial
Guard. The Russian forces in that province have
been raised nearly to the number of 40,000 men.—
What is more, they could not fail to gain a pitched
battle against the imperfectly-armed bands which
cover the country. But such is not the kind of war
which the insurgent chiefs propose to make : they
wilt not hazard their cause upon a regular field of
battle. The rigours of the Ukase are executed with
aw balsoody severity : all prisoners are shot T. Reprisal
jjectert(hpeosed at Warsaw, but the Diet nobly re-
ected retaliation.
The tat:, flaws from Lisbon informs us that a
French sixty-
Another of egrp'ianl frigate had arrived the Tagus.
anaanthder
The first had the Conlytie was every moment expected.
on board. As soon -in-Chief of the squadron
Miguel will be called 0:
to give foree is collected, Don
twenty-four hours will hesatisfaction, and
conditions demanded by pr„„eee, him to accept the
fuse, then our sailors will do their drultie should re-
Sebastiani felt, and nobly expressed at Ythe tribune,
the outrage committed on a Frenchman by tlebPiler'
tuguese tyrant. Threats followed the explanation
of Minister, and deeds will follow threats. The'
national honour will be revenged.
(From the Messager des Chanibres of Sunday.)
We are informed that the Ordinance of the dis-
solution of the Chamber of Deputies will appear on
the 25tb. The King will be back at St. Cloud on
the 20th. having• been
The report of an iniportant victory
A.4'''...fiaticaidiviiiitteit