The Sun.
London, England, 1831-05-14 00:00:00

which may prow, a lasting lesson to the insolent de-I
rider of a people's rights, and the uncompromising I
despot, his muster. The " Field-Marshal's" first plan
—and a simple ono it was, forsooth--was to march
straight on Warsaw, as if the capital of Sobieski and
the seat of the brave Jagellons was to he frightened
ham submission by the imposing title of Sabalkanaki,
but in this calculation he happened to find himself
mistaken. Shamefully repulsed, his second plan
was to divide his iroopa, and attempt some clumsy
operations for crossing the Vistula at several points.
with a view of taking W I aisaw n the rar ; but its
he did not deem it necessary to this plan to mike
the smallest inquiry into the nature of the country
over which his operations must extend, his troops
met by accident with several morasses which were
impassable, and it was, therefore, necessary to have
recourse to some other scheme. The next was to
command a general movement of the different corps
towards the north, in the rather simple expectation
of drawing the Polish General to a distance from
his resources, and then getting behind to insulate
and cut him off. Such an idea as
h;vsoritnhaynceofult.rlele,
leader of Kalmucs and Cossacks, and totally failed,
the " Field-Marshal" having, b
given his adversaries the advantage of the disorder
which attends large bodies of troops in their retro-
grade movements—an advantage of which the
brave Poles largely availed themselves. At this
point General Sabalaanski's small stock of projects
seems to have been quite exhausted,and in the poverty
of his imagination it occurred to him that he
would revert to his original plan, which was that of
driving the Poles to a battle near Warsaw. To this he
seems to have been urged, in the first plice, by
large reinforcements of new troops, which had joined
his and, secondly, by accounts of the further
spread of insurrection in his rear, which seem( d to
render some decisive action imperative. He again
commanded a concentration of all the troops, and
the movement was effected with some success. Or-
ders were then given to advance, and the Poles re-
tired before the Russians. It was in the execution
of this retreat that the corps of the brave and too
impetuous Sierawski met with a severe repulse at
the hands of General Kretoz.—the most consider-
able loss which the Poles have sustained during the
campaign. Of the details of this last advance of
the Russians upon Warsaw and the retreat of the
Poles before them, we have the accounts of both
sides, and they differ but little from each other.
As soon as the trst movement from Siedlec, which
was Diebitsch'a head-quarters far some time, denoted
an intention on the part of the enemy to advance,
Skrzynecki despatched couriers to Warsaw to pre-
pare them for a retreat of the army, and to desire
that the place might be put in a condition to sustain
a siege, in case the fortune of war should be against
the cause in a general engagement. Not ling could ex-
ceed the enthusiasm with which the news was re-
ceived. The citizens renewed their assurances of devo-
tion to their country; and we are told that in an in•
credibly short space of time a new lele-du-pont was
constructed at Praga, arid a second wall of protec-
tion was alio wri up by 15,000 men, which was
sufficient to shelter the whole of the patriot army.
Tie most influential senators and citizens marched
out to join the camp, and every one had ref oncilc d
himself to the worst. The retreat, in the mean
time, continued, the Poles every where carrying
with them the inhabitants of the country, and est, ry
description of provision which could serve as sub-
sistence to the enemy. Upon the 27th eskrzynecki
had reached the capital, and fixed his head-quarters
there ; the bulk of his army was at Milosna, a
dozen miles distant. In their retreat they appear
to have been greatly harassed by the Russians, arid
at Minsk an action of some consequence took place,
in which the Russians say the Poles lost a con-
siderable number of men ; hut this is denied by
the accounts upon the other side. Arrived at
Dembe-Wielki the Russians found that they
could not procure " even a little straw for
their horses," and the Field-Marshal had, there-
fore, no alternative but again to sound a retreat,
in which he has been pursued by the Poles ; and
the last account of him is from Mordy, which is be-
yond Siedlec, the point from which he set out. on
the 29th of April the whole Polish army had again
advanced, and resumed its former positions at
Kos:Jaya and beyond Siennica. On the 30 h the
Polish army advanced, and the vanguaid was in the
morning at Kiluszyn. The effect of this retrograde
movement must be highly favourable to the patriot
cause, for besides its influence upon the still wavers
icg provinces of Russian Poland, it proves that the
substance of the Russian army is entirely dependent
upon their supplies in the rear, and these may be in-
tercepted by the insurgents. The French Papers
express themselves in the most contemptuous terms
of the military tactics of the Russians as shown
throughout the whole of this campaign. It is lucky
that despotism employs so blundt ring; an agent!
From oilier quarters, too, the intelligence respect-
ing Polish movements is very favourable. General
Dwertecki writes from Kolodno, on the 24th, that
on the Ilah and 18th he had an engagement with
the corps of General Rudiger, consisting of 12,000
men, with 22 cannon : that he defeated it, took eight
cannon, and killed a great many men. The enemy
left 80(1 wounded on the field. The Russian General
Piazkoff was mortally wounded. Ills loss was
smell. From Kolodno General Dweruicki had sent
strong detachments to observe the enemy. General
Uminski also, who had conreatrated his forces, re-
ported that he had obtained considerable advantages
user the Russian Guards, and that he felt himself in
a condition to give powerful countenance to the in-
surgents in Lithuania and Sionog,itia. The only
drawback to this exhilarating news is the statement
(of w hich the accuracy is nu longs r questionable) of
cholera morbus prevailing amongst the Polish troops.
It is said, however, to be abating of its virulence
and met aloy. The insurrection is spreading near
Polowzea—Morning Herald.

" Every day, every hour," as The Sun very justly
observes, " swells the ranks of Reform ;" and, in-
deed, the victorieg, though now not so numerous as
they woe a week ago, are even more glorious, and
more gratifying. The gnat Amti-Reform candidate,
Sir IL Vyyyan, sinks lower and lower on the poll
for Cornwall, and there is now but little doubt that
he will share the fate of his kinsman in politics at
Liverpool, General Gascoyne. What a triumph to
throw out tlie Member who caused the dissolution
of the late Parliament, and also the Member who
during the discussion of the Bill was its most stre-
nuous opponent! We bear no ill-will to either ; but we
rejoice in their political extirpation, as an undeniable
proof of the sense of the country. The County Pala-
tine of Chester has also done a glorious deed. It
has returned two unequivocal Reformers ; and, what
adds to the gratification, a contest has scarcely ever
been known in that quarter, and was looked to by the
Refermers, on the present occasion, lis a Godsend !
They had mustered their forces, and would have
polled ten to one in comparison with the Anti-
Reformers; but the bird was shy, and fled as
the guns were in course of receiving priming ! In
Westmoreland an almost equally glorious triumph
has t ,ken place; for although two Reform Mem-
bers have not been returned, the voice of the county
has been neutralized by the return of one Reformer ;
land such a circumstance never took place since the
commencement of the Lowther domination ! lii
Dorset,old Bankes continues to maintain the humble
situation on the poll to which we adverted yester-
day ; and all the art of which he is master, will
never bring him to the top of it. In Shropshire
the election does not proceed so favourably, fur it
will he neutralized : but the news from Northampton
and Worcester are most gratifying. At one o'clock
yesterday the figures at Northampton stood as fol-
low,—Lord Althorp very properly taking the lead :
Lord Althorp
Lord Milton 1 709
Cartwright 1,5.19
Knightley 2,005
1,101
being a majority, even in the case of Lord Milton,
of nearly 200, and of Lord Althorp, of nearly 500,
above the highest Anti-Reform candidate. In
Worcester the Lygonites are also in the dead thrao,
and there is scarcely a doubt of the return of de-