The Sun.
London, England, 1807-10-13 00:00:00

A4Vil L 4RCTIITEC7'URE.

. • . . .
. . . . iN'o',philatithropic mindcah be indifferent to the
many distressing aceounts.of shipwreck which froth
time to time till our•columns. To deniil to our
neadt,us the fatal eff-gas' or scull a storm as in one
day last February deStroyed twenty-three vesselS
in the Downs ..alone,. is a
,painful duty,' but which
we have to lament occurs too frequebtly. 'What.
ever I'lleaili can lessen the evil, Must d:Aitles.l Kbllloo with joy by every inditiditatin this cornmerl
cial country, and adopted :with that promptitude
which their value desetves. • Most' a thediiiastera
at sea are seppoied to aril°
.from the present in)-
'; 64-feet mode orconstrkiing vessels, and particular-
' ly from the present insufficient ru!ition of the rrnLler
to.insnre a vessel ;against tnissing stays, or keeping
off a lee -shore;

• STaNnopalias lately invented a new Me-
thod of performing, these and o(hcr important opt:'-
,rations at sea, by the contrivance: of very pnwert 1
steering Machines, of a. new constralion, :iii d
gills, which ace placed considerably tinder t ho.
water-line, and fixed near cadi end,both at la.7ad
and stern. With a boat thrnished wish ihis neo.,
apparatus, some very interesting and conk. Zuh;ve
perimenti were made yesterday, on the.lfir..co
of water in Kensington Gardens, and were att(..ll(bl
with the mast complete success.---They wc;re icy•;
tended, to,shew, and clearly proved, that by Ink:ons
of that apparatus, a Ship or, Vow) becomes incom-
parably. more.tt anageable than by means of a coin-
mon .rudder alone.

The boat being ballasted with a tan and a ballor
ballast, and being :nearly upon a level 1r.4e1, but ;:a
little down 11y the
.stetn,sho was tried both wi;h
the.,wind and againoPhibe Wind, without. the rnclde'r,
and with the t....er;and :Os() agaiuit. the rudtley,
order to lice. wlkieb. was the meAt The
head gills on one side were equal to,the rudder, heti
it was held at t.vo point s and a quarter upon ;:11 4.ve-,
rage, The, st9tn gills on one side were ecitial to the
rudder, whena. was placed at two points and t (Iwo,
eighths uppn an average.; but when 'the head npd
stern gills were all open On one side of the Ve!,;svi,
and ading in
,cohjtmaion with each other,' bitt in
opposikion to the rudder, they, were fund to be sn-
perior tothe rudder„ and to out-balance it when, it
was placed hard over no less than thirty-seveli ('e.
green and a halt, which is considerably a rester
angle than that at which the rudders of Sinpfl,are
placed either on board Ships of Wor or INlrchlitg,
Meth as in generul the-angle seldom exceeds thit44,y
degrees.

The. immense utility of the gill apparatus vim;
also: roved by the t):l,,,,ving experiments.
the host was rowed, the stern gills on one side
made her perform a complete circle' in six minutes;
the head gills on One Nide produeed the stop: et.
IM in four minutes and fifty ,seconds; the rudJer
in four minutes and fifteen seconds, when it S6ll
pot over Oita hard; the head and bteio '&44
aaing ul conjundion, in fivir minutes ; and
the head and stern ills, naing , in. con; undion with
each other,. and with the rudder, described a eirle
in tiro minutes and forty seconds; which is a clear
proof
.how powerfully the gill* will tend to assist
.the steerage of a vesseli and to preyent her finnt
getting into the trough of the sea in a gale of wind,.
which is always. dangerous; and also to prevent a
Ship from missin, 301 p, which frequentli produces
t be.most fatalefieets in narrow channels, amongst
rocks and 'on a lee-there. •

- - -
His Lordship, after trying several experiments
in rounding, tacking, and keeping to a certain point,
landed about six o'clock, and expressed hiti perfea
satisfaCtion, and confidence in having suceeefied in
his design ;. the benefits and advantages of which
are numerous, and areas follow :—t hat . there is one-
third
.of the expence.saved in the colistru;:tion of a
74 ; t hat on account of being, rather thit-bettoino*.
it' will Zarry-moro. tonnage ;., it will navigate in very
'Willow water,, and over breakers, or sunken' rocke,
without the risk that u Ship with a keel rums on
approaching any rock or coast 4 it can initnediateliy
:tire, without loss of time in- putting about ; does
not reluird hair the laits, all of which can be work.
ed by men on Opt .4eck, wit hout,,going nloft ; the
composition w i
.which' covera it is nfinitely cheaper
thin copper., and answers the same purpoto it can
nearlyagaipst t the wind, by working the
`with'Many other advantages, with Which wa Are as
).etunacqualmell. Several experienced Officers 'ex-
pressed thenuelvefr very Warmly.in favour of
Thenext trial:Will be in the preseneeaf some of
,the
4c. •
• . 3' ' •

• I,tohpri otvis wais'abatst to leave the 'Theatre,
.on callect'a toad into. whicfrliii
„Servaet,i'libt '‘.seliel46..ttiClit 'of value, to the ainninit'
.of abdilr*cil; had 'been 4.16ne, the coach.
~man WA9 Idrt to'hitaelf.; and ke ihought prober
i.Pui4 off, and VIM riott sitice maths kis appearance,.
. .
On Saturday morriltiS'early the shop of VeSsrs.
.yLAcieittining and CO;orritisbury-scitidtei was Woke
.open, and robbed of a number or valuable boOks.
It was ,justii,remari:efl.''hy sevcrli persons who
witnesqed,' on IP4,_ at bairn rest Houtie,,
the .iiiitting Tickets, '34c, into. tot Lintel),
Wheels, that the: little Wheel. R. never contained
before such a nuttikel of Prizes. Not two
to A Priici;cti Paeltetiii.orbnlytn,floo numbers, and
with a tikobb Pc Inder it -the brad ofsevol'al other
great .qfpitaig, 'dinriot stimulate thu
most Juke-wapTt V6tOtieSq br-
corno cauiiidates for •liet• favours before Tuestiar
UrUta