The Sun.
London, England, 1825-11-17 00:00:00

DIED.

Suddenly, on the 14th instant, at Harlow, Essex, Maria
Sarah, wife of Mr. Thomas Gullan. _ _

At Hampstead, on the 15th inst., Mary, the wife of G. I.
Baker, of St. Martin's-court.
On Saturday last, Mrs. Esther Lee, wife of Mr. Samuel Lee,
of the Borough.
On the 14th inst., suddenly, at Brighton, aged 79, Mrs. Ed-
ward Wheeler, of South-street, Park-lane. _ _

On the 15th inst., -Mr. Caleb Herries, of Paradise-street,
Lambeth, late of Acton-place, Kingsland-road, aged 58.
Yesterday morning, Susannah, the wife of William Peatt
Litt, Esq., of Devonshire-street, Portland-place.
On the 16th inst., at Acton-lodge, Middlesex, the Lady Ara.
bella Hervey.

Tim LONDON JOURNALS.

DAILY

Extracts from the Morning Papers , N0v.17 , 1825

THE TIMES.]
The merchants trading with Gibraltar have of
late, in many insta►►ces, received large remit-
tances in British silver currency, sent out for
circulation there under the new colonial regula-
tion, but which appears to be sent back again as
fast as it arrives. As there is already a sufficient
supply of silver for the home circulation, most of
the private bankers refuse to receive large sums,
and the Gibraltar merchant is compelled, there-
fore, to transfer his remittances in silver to the
Bank, where no objection is at present made,
though the period may not be far distant when
the throwing back of the silver currency from all
the colonies may force even the Bank to refuse it.
The consequence may he, that the merchant who
receives it as a remittance will be forced to
submit to a large discount to have it taken off his
hands. In the mean time, it must be deemed a
fair subject of apprehension, from what has oc-
curred in the case of Gibraltar, that the measure
for introducing the British silver currency
into all our foreign possessions can hardly
succeed, and that some modification of it
ought to take place, or some other be
substituted for it, which will lead to a state
of uncertainty with regard to the circulation
in the Colonies, in itself a far worse evil than any
that existed previous to the new regulation. But
of all the inconveniences that will arise from the
measure, none perhaps are more serious or more
to be regretted than those which will be expe-
rienced by the soldiery, who will receive their
pay inn currency depreciated in the comparison
with that they had previously been accustomed to
by 6or 7 per cent.—a difference which will soon
become apparent to them in the comparative
quantity of necessaries or comforts they are en-
abled to purchase. Indeed, this unequal value
existing, the shopkeeper must establish two rates
for the sale of his commodities, according as the
payment is proposed to be made in Spanish dol-
lars, or in British silver currency. We trust that
the attention of Ministers will be turned without
delay to this point ; the measure must be remo-
delled, or our colonies and those connected with
them be visited by all the evils incident to a
tlactuating and precarious currency. But with
regard to the character of the regulation recently
adopted, we must observe that there is no essen-
tial difference between the issue of a base cur-
rency, and that of a currency of pure metal at
more than its intrinsic worth.

[MORNING. POST.]
Intelligence from Colombia has reached us to
the 22d of September. It is contained in the
Caraccas Colombiano, and consists amongst other
things of a Circular 'letter, dated from the Palace
of Government, in Bogota, July 28, 1825, to the
Intendants of the Departments, respecting the
Encyclic Letter of the Pope, charging the Ca-
tholic Bishops to recommend the union of the
States in which they reside, with the Mother
Country. It supposes this may only be intend-
ed to apply to countries which have never de-
clared themselves independent of Spain ; • but, at
the same time, strictly enjoins that any of the
Clergy, who, by word, writing, or other means,
shall act upon this recommendation in the Republic
of Colombia, shall be forthwith handed over to the
proper Tribunal, to be tried according to the 64 Ley
de Patronato." The greatest activity and vigilance
are recommended on this subject. The Colom-
bian() also refers to the second letter received by
Joseph Lancaster from Bolivar, enclosing bills of
exchange for twenty thousand dollars, and letters
of advice for the Peruvian Agents in London.
The Lancasterian School, under the patronage of
Bolivar, was expected to be in a state for public
examination in the course of a month from the
above date. It appears however, by an adver-
tisement from Lancaster himself, in that Paper,
that being much indisposed, he was reluctantly
compelled to discontinue his school till the 27th
instant" (September), when " he would be again
happy to see all highly esteemed pupils, and
would then have a fresh supply of honours and
rewards for the most meritorious."

[MORNING CURONICLE.]
It will be remembered that a few days ago a
petition was presented to the Lord Chancellor,
praying that the legal father of two children
might be restrained from taking them from the
custody of their natural parents ; it being alleged
that the legal fattier claimed them with the de-
sign of revenging himself on the mother (from
whom he had been divorced) through the chil-
dren. It appeared from two affidavits, that the
legal father had declared that one of the chil-
dren, a girl, could not be his, and had stated
that he had little doubt but that the other, a
boy, was not his ; and it was further sworn, that
he hid expressed his determination to disinherit
the boy, and to put the girl into an Irish cabin
until of an age for marriage, when he would
marry her with a portion of one hundred pounds
to any poor farmer. The Chancellor dismissed
the petition, and when giving his reasons for
doing so, referred to his judgment in the case of
Mr. Byshe Shelley, stating that lie abided by the
doctrines he had laid down in that and another
case respecting the grounds on which the Court
would interfere with the rights of parents. His
Lordship observed, at the same time, 44 that if
there was any case in which the public were more
particularly interested in having the grounds
upon which the Court proceeded, fully known, it
was in what related to the jurisdiction exercised
against the acknowledged rights of parents."—
Feeling the truth of his Lordship's remark, and
being anxious to trace his decision in Moore v.
Fitzgerald to the principles on which he relied,
and to 'which he referred, we commenced a search
for the case of Mr. Byshe Shelly, and discovered
to our great mortification that no such case was to
he found in the Reports. The Lord Chancellor,
we are informed, heard the matter in his private
chamber, and it was consequently not reported.
Here we have an edifying example of the
advantage of private hearings, and also of

the intelligible manners in which the reasons for
judgments are explained. The Chancellor, in
deciding on one case, refers us to another, of
which, for the reason above stated, we find no
report; and at the time that he makes this re-
ference to a matter heard in private, and conse-
quently not published, he distinctly states, that
" if there was any case in which the public were
more particularly interested in having grounds
upon which the Court proceeded fully known, it
was in what related to the jurisdiction exer-
cised against the acknowledged rights of pa-
rents." Such a case was that of Mr. Shelly,
and that case was heard in private, and the
grounds of the decision, which, according to the
Judge, should be fully known, are now and ever
will be, unknown to the community. And what
is more, these unknown grounds cause the grounds
of other decisions to be unknown ; for, as in the
case of Moore and Fitzgibbon, reference is made
to them, when, hut for these phantoms, reasons
would be given, and argument in one case is
evaded by an alluston to another, which is not
on record ; the Judge at the same time expatiat-
ing on the interest which the public have in
clearly understanding the grounds on which the
Court proceeds in such matters !

[THE PUBLIC LEDGEII.3

We have received a Caraccas- Paper (The
Colombiano) to the 21st inst. it contains no po-
litical intelligence, from which suspicion itself
could draw an unfavourable augury respecting
the great and good cause in which the people
of South America are embarked, though there is
much of a contrary tendency. It furnishes ano-
ther striking instance, for example, of the rapid
progress which religious liberty is making in
Colombia, where the authority of the See of
Rome, when it ventures to meddle with temporal
matters, is as much disregarded as in any Pro-
testant State whatever. The present Pope, in
the overflowing of his legitimate propensities, as
well as from his well known desire to revive the
obsolete pretensions of the papacy, thought fit,soon
after his elevation to the Papal dignity, to address
a Pastoral Letter to the Bishops of that portion of
South America which had belonged toSpain,inwhich
he exhorts them to use all their influence to bring
about a return of the former order of things. The
Columbian Government has published a Decree
which is given in the Colombian°, interdicting
the Bishops, under the most severe pains and pe-
nalties, from paying obedience to the Papal mes-
sage ; and there is not the least doubt but they
will show more regard for the orders of their
temporal, than for those of their ecclesiastical
Head. Yet some persons pretend, that, wherever
the Catholic Religion has taken root, no liberal
ideas, and no practical reforms, can penetrate,
though it is an incontrovertible fact, that religion
has very little influence on the civil and political
relations of man. In support of our opinion we
may quote the example of Denmark, where Pro-
testantism and the most complete despotism
have gone on together for centuries in per-
fect harmony. Prussia is another instance
of this cordiality ; and the Electorate of Hesse
affords an example equally striking. Wirtem-
berg, until recently, gave a further proof of this
brotherly union ; and every one, we presume,
knows that the Protestant Canton of Berne is the
most Aristocratic of the Swiss Confederacy. Our
own high Churchmen have ever been the uncom-
promising advocates of the Divine Right of Kings;
whereas the Catholics of South America are as
ardent in the pursuit of liberty as any Sect or
People of modern times. Therefore the notion
that national regeneration and Catholicity are in-
compatible with one another, is one of those gross
delusions that owe their origin to fraud, and their
circulation to unsuspecting simplicity.

[MORNING HERALILI

If the Ale-brewers in the metropolis, and
roughout the country, have the good sense and
Oresight to withstand the tempting example set
hem by the Porter-brewers, they may in the end
be much greater gainers than they would be by
copying it. When the original druggery and
subsequent adulteration of porter are taken into
the account, no wonder that its popularity and
consumption have long threatened a decline, and
that a great inclination has long existed for coun-
try ales in the Metropolis, the consumption of
which has late been much on the increase ;—so
much so, indeed, as we mentioned some time
since, that some of the porter-monopolists of
public-houses had already taken the alarm, and
had threatened such of their tenants with
expulsion as dared to vend a pure and whole-
some beverage on the same premises with
the composition they chose to furnish them
with. However, this is all talk and bluster,
which they dare not put in practice. They
know full well that the public mind is
ripe for rebellion on this head ; and that
great as Diana of the Ephesians may be, there
is great danger of the craft not only being spoken
against, but actually ousted altogether. The
ale-brewers have now an opportunity of profiting
by the indiscretion of their competitors ; and if
they have only the courage, the honesty, and
forbearance to keep down the price of their com-
modity, and to supply it good and genuine, the I
porter-brewers may have reason to repent, the
longest day they have to live, the extortion
which, in the plenitude of their power,
they have thought fit to practice upon the
public. It would be a carious inquiry, but
one which we have not at this moment either
the means or leisure to pursue, how much
of absolute taxation, and of profit, enters
into every pot of beer consumed by a labouring
man. We should be obliged to any of our readers
who will make the calculation, nod shall readily
give it publicity. The tax itself is, we admit, a
difficuly point to grapple with. The interest of
the debt must be paid ; and while such a change
hangs over us, perhaps this is as fit a commodity
to bear its proportion as any other. But that
overgrown wealthy monopolists should have
it in their power to increase the burdens
whenever they please, is what need not, must
not, and cannot much longer be endured. It
would be better at once that Government it-
self should become the common brewer, and