The Sun.
London, England, 1822-05-29 00:00:00

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States of tlte insurgent Governments of Spanish America ; how
great
my surprise was may be easily judged by any one ae.,
qttzinted with the conduct of Spain towards this Republic, ar.d
Rho knows the immense sacrifices which she has made to pre
-
"Ive her friendship. In fact, who could think that, in return
Fut the cession of her most important provinces in this hemi-
ilkhere, for the forgetting of the plunder of her commerce by
the American citizens for the prit-ileges granted to their
rlavY, and for as great proofs of friendship as one
ti9ll Can give - another, this Executive would propo's\".!
`hat the insurrect;on of the ultra marine possessions
ef Spain should be recognized, and.moreover, will not his as-
tonishment be augmented to see that this power is desirous to
give the destructive example of sanctioning the rebellion of
Propinccs which have received ncoffence from the mother coon-
trY to those to whom she has granted a participation of a free
e?estitutien, and to whom she has extended all the rights of
Spanish citizens. In vain will a parallel be attempted to
be drawn between the emancipation of the republic and
'flat which the Spanish rebels attempt. But even admit-
ting that. morality ought to yield to policy, what is the pre- ,
sent state of Spanish America, and what are its Governments,
t° entitle them to recognition ? Buenos Ayrea is sunk in the
most complete anarchy, end each day sees new despots produ-
d4ced.ewho dieeppear the next. Peru, conquered by a rebel
411/IY, has near the gates of its capital another Spanish army,
'.idc't by part of its inhabitants. In Chili, an individual sup-
r?"gses the sentiments of the inhabitants. On the coast of
Ptrnta also, the Spanish banners waive; and the Insurgent
Renerals are occupied in quarrelling with their own compatriots,
8110 Prefer taking the part of a free power to that of being the
4aves of an adventurer. In Meeico, too, there is no govern-
tnent then are those governments to be recognized ? Although
lean erlarg,e art this disagreeable subject, I think it useless to
4) because the sentiments which the Message ought to ex-
cite in the breast of every Spaniard can be no secret to
)'on ; those which the Ring of Spain will experience, at
tte,th'iner, a notification .so unexpected, will be doubtless
;erY disagreeable, as at the same time that I hasten to coin,
1114,icate it to his Majesty, I think it is my duty to protest,
I do solemnly protest, against the recognition of the Go-
; elltreents mentioned, of the insurgent provinces of America
11 the United States, declaring that it can in no way Pow,
:I' a` any time, lessen or invalidate in the least the right of
"Pat;, to the said provinces, or to emploY whatever means
415 Y be in her power to re-unite them to the rest of her do-
41jone. • •

" JOAQUIM DE ANDUAGA."
• [To the above is annexed the answer of the American Mini-
JorrxQurxcy ADAae3, informing the Spanish Ambas-
,4dor that his letter of the 9th March was immediately laid f
oe,
ii be:* the President of the United States, which had been de-
•attly considered, and that the disposition of the President
Was
,Illost.friendly. to Spain. He adds, that America had care-
abstained from taking any part respecting the right of the
/Isti
1:413 concerned : he ends by stating " that it is not doubted
44t Other and more correct views will be taken by your Go-
11:rittient ; and that it. as well as the other European Govern-
% ?it% will shew that deference to the example of the United
, which you urge as the duty and the policy of the United
y ales to show theirs. They confidently rely, that the time is
-.'%nd when all the Governments of Europe friendly to Spain,
i..411t1 ,Spain herself, will concur in the acknowledgement of the
-`4lePendence of the American nation."] •

NEW YORK, MAY 4.
tfNTGitEssrowAr..—ln the Senate on Tuesday, Mr. King,
ktt ew York, from the Committee of Foreign Relations, re-
ed the following Bill, which was read 7
ric it enacted, &c. That on satisfactory evidence being
tliee'l to the President of die United States, that the Ports in
tit Islands or Colonies in the West Indies, under the donti-
litlite°,l Great Britain, have been opened to the vessels of the
to 6 ``. States, the President shall be, and hereby is, authorised
iii t7/I',1-111 e his proclamation, declaring that the ports of the
States shall thereafter be open to the vessels cf Great
rated ,11' States an employed in the trade and intercourse between the
tipro d such islands or colonies, subject to such re-
cal kte,mks and restrictions as the President of the United
44 41zrnaY by such proclamation make and publish ; any
1 All the laws, intitled An Act concerning Navigation,'
cerilit ct, intitled 4An Act supplementary to an Act con-
," AZ ,Navigation ' to the contrary notwithstanding.
0,.-alg
herebet further enacted, That this Act shall continue
qte4,,to nd of the next Session of Congress, and no

01$ce of the Baltimore Federal Gczctte, April 30.
(Otkilt.rshe arrival of the fast-sailing schooner Three Daughters,
, 'lett() ,Pirtlow, in if; days from La Guayra, we learn that
~tiblN4bello Ras ,still in ihe possession of the Royalists, but
r,?4, eDitio
n was very sanguine in expectation of its speedy
fictte .as the Patriot fleet, under the command of Cornino-
ce nr, consistin,g of two brigs, five schooners, and four
b' which were destined to co-operate with the land-
GAZ a strict and rigorous blockade, had concentrated at
Yra, and were shortly to sail. General Bermudez had
Carraccas, on his way to head-quarters at Valencia,
rneral Soublette had already proceeded ; the British
c4ttiot
01(1. been ordered from Maracaibo, to assist in the re-
(;krlbobo '-}le place, and the brave Colonel Davey, the hero of
t:lftyr appointed, to command them.—Markets at La
eti dud, being. glutted with American produce of
'—eriPtion a^cl country produce scarce and high as per
Th

kEti ."e unfortunate and fatal affair between his
giyy-I.7trs 311iP Topaz: and some of the Chinese at Lentin,has
to much anxious speculation as to the final result of
%-44t.,,rtcli the first consequence of which has been to suspendns
ie:o-4`e with the empire.of China. There are many perdsioffi.
4'ettdY apprehend that the dispute will be long and
r'oidit efettcljustinent, believing that the Chinese will not readily
tip t: 414°M their demand that one of olr sailors should be given
oeh.- 111°1r vengeance, and hoWing that that is a demand with
titislic officer will comply—a demand to which every
°
of 'humanity and justice, and every dictate of na•-
.ril honour and national policy, are equally opposed. Others
our trade with China is of so much importance
"'"iriese themselves, that they will rather relinquish
ef the Pretensions of the Celestial Empire, than perma-
tt'':: 3,llcPead eteir intercourse, which furnishes them with
ti4l-e" of real wealth, in return for a few thousand
tfth:.,,t2tt' tt': the Chinese, though they have nothing
1 the
urkish courage, very greptly resemble the Turks
igtlGrarice worst features of their character,—arrogance and
rad, . and though there can be no doubt that the
the). '4
of much more real value to China than to En landsy ,
g
irnpressed with so strong a conviction of their own
loeNteAer4°tit and self-dependence, and of our commercial de.
Nat ti‘jht'e Y liPonthem, that we confess we entertain serious fears
l're,te::.ll'.7eurable issue of this transaction will not be speedily
1. "' nor without considerable inconvenience. As for
vel7ea that the trade m tea is of no great consequence to Eng-
; since tea is a luxury with which the people could
tite in disPense ; and since the wealth which we now
treat' exchange for it might be consumed at home with
onlyadvantae to all classes : that is an opinion which
aterle be entertained by'persons who are ignorant of the
4114 c),.,1,)! which the production of wealth, and its circulation
troope--tion, are in the present state of Society effected. It
4tv'Y at there is no natural or necessary connection
idustr trade with China and any one branch of our
eql Y, and that the production and home consumption of our
go On, independently of any foreign trade what-

ever. It is. also, however, too true' that an con-
nection, of great and extensive importance, does exist,
arid that the loss of the China trade would at this moment
inflict incalculable injury on Great Britain,—on her revenue,
and on every class of the people, from the great land-own.er a nd
capitalist, down to the Inimblest labourer.

In the Navicalion BW, which .stands for

Third Reading in the liotts'e of Commons to-morrow, the
Clause which is to regulate the Importation of Goods from other
parts of Europe requires particular attention, if the British
Shipping and Seamen arc any longer to be considered as valu-
able to their Country.—The objectionable part of the Clause
runs as fellows :

" Or in Ships or Vessels of the build of, and belonging to, the
" country or place in Europe of which such Goods and Mer-.
" chandize are the-growth, produce, or manufacture, respective-
" ly ; or in Ships or Vessels of the build of; and belonging to, any
" port or place in Europe into which such Goods and Aferch.an-
" dize shall hors tren imparted or brought."
The most particular attention is necessary to the words " shall
have been itn:,,,orted or brozzgi:::." If British Ships are to re-
ceive that necessary protection, which, it is hoped, is intended
them under the Bill,—then the question is, whether the words
in the Bill protect them or not ? For instance, Russia is a
country of large Export.; end supposing a Swedish Ship and P.
Danish Ship each to. load Goods at Riga, a Russian port,—
that the Danish Ship proceeded therewith to . Copenhagen or
Elsineur, and the Swedish Ship to Carlscrona, Alaimo, or El-
sinbourgh ; and, without ever tlelivering any of their Cargoes,
they each again clear out, and 'proceed with their Cargoes to
London :—ls this a sufficient compliance with the words in
the Clause above referred to'—" shall have been imported or
brought ?" if such a compliance is sufficient, then is the Eu- I
ropean Trade lost to the British Shipping, as the Northern
Maritime States will be.enabled to sail at a much cheaper rate
of freight,—their Ships are not half the intrinsic value of a
British Ship—and the Victualling and Wages of their Crews
are only one-third the expence of the British, (say British seamen,
50a. per month, Swedish Seamen, 12s. a 155.) Therefore, if the
Swedes, Danes, Dutch, French, Portuguese, Spaniards, those of
the Italian States and llanse Towns, are to be allowed to import
the goods of Europe from any part of Europe, and particularly
from Russia or Turkey, upon producing in Great Britain a
colourable clearance of having touched •at one of their own
ports,—We say, if the wording of the Bill is either intended to
convey this meaning, or shall be afterwards so construed, then
the competition will not lay between the British ships for the
European transit of goods to Britain, but between foreigner
and foreigner, say between the Swedes, Danes, PruSsians,
Russians, &c. for the North of Europe, and those who can
carry cheapest for the South of Europe.
Now the only question is, whether it is the intention of the
Legislature to give those who can carry at the lowest rate the
European carrying trade to Britain, to the exclusion of British
shipping ? for it is well known they cannot sail in competition
in point of expence, and they must either give up the contest,
or be accelerated into bankrupty and ruin.
It is understood that some political economists are inclined to
the system of having the shipping transit given to those m.-ho
can carry at the cheapest rate; and unblushingly avow that the
competition will lay bet Ween foreigner and foreigner. It re-
mains for the Government and Legislature to consider whether
they will sanction a measure that will destroy the nursery for
British seamen, on which may depend the existence of Britain
as an independent State, as it is a fact that the great nursery is
in the European trade, from which all the other services are
supplied.

CATHOLIC PEERS.
At a very respectable Meeting of the Mayor,
Jurats, and Commonalty, and other Inhabitants of the town of
Faversham, and its vicinity, holden at the Guildhall of the said
town, on Monday the 27th inst., by public notice, for taking
into consideration the Roman Catholic Peers Bill, the following
Petition was proposed and unanimously adopted, and was
directed to lay in the Hall for signatures till Tuesday even-
in :
To the Right Ilononrable tile Lords Spiritual and Temporal of
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, in Par-
liament assembled—
The humble Petition of the Mayor, Jurata, and Common-
alty, and other Inhabitants of the Town cf Faversham
and its vicinity, in the Cdunty of Kent, ,
SHE WETH,
That fearing the confidence reposed in the House of Parlia-
ment should be mistaken for indifference, your Petitioners
humbly crave leave to call your most profound attention to the
Roman Catholic Peers Bill, now in progress through your
Lordships' Right Honourable Rouse.
That your Petitioners, entertaining the best wishes for the
welfare of their Roman Catholic fellow subjects, view prespec-
tively, with anxiety and alarm, the dangers that may attach
to the Protestant Ascendancy f this country, should a power
be given to them which would be under the influence of the
Church of Rome.

That yoUr Petitioners are apprehensive, that the rigid no-
tions of Catholics as to the immaculate purity of their religion,
v,-ould induce them, when in power, to oppress such of their
fellow-subjects as might not conform to their principles.
That seeing Bills for the emancipation of Catholics from civil
disabilities have several times passed the House of Commons,
your Petitioners dread the admission of Catholic Peets into
your August Assembly, fearing lest, by that means, the safe-
guard of Protestantism should be considerably weakened.
Your Petitioners therefore do most humbly pray, that your
Lordships will deeply deliberate on the injury that may accrue
to di? Protestant Ascendancy of this country, should the Bill
now before your Lordships pass into a law.
And your Petitioners, as m duty bound, shall ever pray, &c.
—(Kentish Gazette, May 28.)

THE LORD CHANCELLOR.--It is stated in a
Morning Paper of to-day that this venerable and
revered Nobleman is about to retire. After his
long toil and anxiety in the public' service, well
may he wish for ease and leisure.—Never has his
important situation been occupied by a character
better qualified for the Office, or more con-
scientiously upright in discharging. its duties.
Much as the country will rejoice in the continu-
ance of his meritorious life, it cannot but feel deep
regret whenever his resignation takes place, as at
present there does not appear to be any compe-
tent successor. The paper alluded to speaks of
his Lordship's " immense fortune ;" but what-
ever the extent of that fortune may be, it is well
known that rumour is too apt to exaggerate on all
occasions, and it is well known also that his for-
tune
was acquired by long and anxious labours,
and every liberal mind, ,as well as his grateful
country, will ardently hope that what he ac-
quired with honour, he may always enjoy in
health and tranquillity.
Yesterday the Princess SoputA paid her re-
spects to the KING.

Yesterday the Duke of YoRK, as Commander
in Chief, held a Levee, at his Office iu the Horse
Guards, which was attended by the Earls of
Wicklow and Wiltshire, Lord John Somerset,
Lord Beresford, Major-General Sir John Mal-
colm, Major-General Foley, Major-General
Douglas, Major-General Sir Denis Pack, and
upwards of thirty others.
His Royal Highness the Duke of YORK, it is
said, won 25,0001. on his own horse Moses, at the Epsom
races on Thursday. He took the odds, which were six to one
against Moses, so that he could lose but a small sum, and win
to a large amount.

P O.E T y.

ODE,
On the AYNIVERSAIIy CELESRATrON of the BraTa-nAv

cf the late

Right Minourable WILLIAM PITT, 1:1-ay 28, 18:?2,

nv JOIN TAYLOR, ESQ.
Still patriot feelings bring united here
Those who Departed:Worthi with pride revere,
And to immortal PITT-their homage pay :
Assur'd that, gifted by benignant Fate,
He came to prep and dignify the State,
Again they meet to hail his Mud Day.

Extend the search o'er every dime and age
That History marks upon her doubtful page,

And where an equal Statesman shall we find I
Ambitious only of a virtuous fame,.
He scorn's the din of popular acclaim,
Th' intrepid Champion of oppressids rnanklad„

Though ARISTIDES sign'd the votive'shell
That made him to his Country bid farewell,
And for his private Worth was styl'd THE Jusr,
PITT would.have spurn", the senselois crowd's appeal,
And stood the Guardian of his Country's weal,
Firm on iris post, and faithful to his trust.

HAIL then thy Natal Day, mr..umitous SHADE
Oh ! never, never, :4hall thy laurels fae,
But flourish on the soil where first they grew :
There still in lasting verdure Shall they bloom,
And, rear'd by Fame,. shall thicken round thy tomb,
Whil: grateful BRITAIN to herse!f.is true.