The Sun.
London, England, 1849-07-17 00:00:00

Paris and Rouen ...
Saini;re and Mewe

22

22

JOINT STOCK BAN KS.
London:Joint Stock
L rndon & NV estrninstQr. 20

.16
244

LLOYD'S SHIPPIAG—(THIS DAY.)
LONDON, JULY 19.—Wind this day at 130 On S.S.W„,
light breeze and fine.
OFF CAPE CLEAR, JULY 16.—Arrd. 'Forest Ki sg,
nesa.rd of a yes. :el
NeDwEOALrl,e
jatuisL;YJit_esACohnera,edro,
rNgeuwaOrterireab
marked " Sophia," the letters painted yellow, and c ut
into. the wood, on a black ground, has been picked u p
near the Northbrake buoy.
DONEGAL, JULY 13.—The Charlotte, Carr, reported!
as having sailed yesterday, has been prevented by gist
emigration surveyors, on account of her planking being
worm-eaten, and must undergo thorough repair.
LONDONDERRY, JULY 14.—The Peace, of Dartmouth,
from Liverpool to Sligo, struck upon a rock on some
sunken materials, on the I 1 th inst., about fifteen miles
west of Tory Island, and went down in about half an
hour afterwards; crew saved. Sld Creole, Philadelphia.
NEWPORT —sld. Ilenriette Sophia, Quebec.
BBISTOL, JULY 15 —Wind E.—Shi. Elizabeth, St.
John's, Nt.w Brunswick ; 16.11 Crusader, Cardiff, &c.
FALM.,UTH, JULY 16. —Wind E.—Arrd. Creole,
Footer, New Orleans, for Havre. Off port, 12th, Rob
Roy, New Yolk, for St. Petersburgh.
PiAmouTu, JULY 16.—Wicd S.W. Arrd. 14th,
Princess, Webber, Prince Edward's Island.
OFF DART3IOUTH, JULY 13.—Sophie Cascar, Rio
Janeiro.
OFF THE WIGHT, JULY 14.—Florence, Porto Rico.
ARDROSSAN, JULY 12.—Sld. Atlantic, Ross (of Liver.
pool), Montreal.
DUBLIN, JULY 14.—Arrd. Susan, New York.
OFF CAPE CLEAR, JULY 12.—Forest King, Lianlett,
New Orleans, for Liverpool.

MARKET NEWS.---(THIS DAY
rizaatzETs.

SMITIIFIELD.—Meadow Hay, 21 103 to 3/ 133; Clover
„lino, 0i to 4/ 173 ; and Straw, 11 8s to 11 12s per
load. Trade dull, at barely last week's prices.
CUMBEULAND. Meadow Hay, 21 126 to 31 16i ,
Clover ditto, 3/ Us to 4/ 14s ; and Straw, 11 9s to
1/ 14s per load. A fair average supply, and a sluggish
demand. _ _

lIITECHAPEL.—MeaIow Hay, 2/ lOs to 31 153
Clover ditto, 3/ 33 to 5/ Os; and Straw, 1! 8s to 1/ 13
per load. Supply moderate, sod trade dull.

COLONIAL.

SUGAR.—The market for British Plirritation continuos
steady, and the sales are 665 hhds at full prices for re
fining sorts, but grocery descriptions must be cinsidered
rather lower. 7,850 bags Mauritius went off with spirit
at former rotes, viz., 4 Is to 46: 6i for mid to fine cyrstal-
ized,37c6l to4ls foryellow of similar description,37s to39s
for grey, ar,d 32s to 36s 6.1 for brown. 7,500 bap Bengal
were mostly realised at rather easier rates; tine white
crys aliz-d brougly, 47s 6d to 48s, mid to fine white Be-
rare; 59s 61 to 435, mid to good soft yellow
date kind 36s to 385 6d, and good to
fine yellow Mauritius kind 39s 61 to 41s 6d.
The quantity of British Plantation landed last
week at the East and West India Docks was 3,935
hhds, 428 tierces, 1,681 barrels; thsre were taken for
home consumption 2.037 hhds, 225 tierces, 949 barrels.
The stock in the same places is 16,751 hhds, 2,446 tierces,
6,337 barrels. _ _

COFFEK.-50 casks Plantation Ceylon sold steadily a
41s to 533 for good to fine fine ord. _ _

Cocoa.-500 bags Guayaquil were taken in at 28; 6d
for good ord.

li-um —The quantity landed last work at the East and
West India Docks was 1,298 puns 76 hhds; there were
taken for home consumption 190 puns 24 hhds, and ex-
ported 260 puns 376 hhds. 'The stock in the same places
was 20,492 puns 1,513 hhds.
Saco.-173 boxes good brown Borneo realised 14s to
15s, being full prices.
SALTPETRE.—Ot 3,200 bags Bengal offered in public
sale, only 400, refraction 8i to 34 per cent., were dis
posed of at 255 6,1 to 265 6d, being rather easier prices.
TALLOW.—P. Y. C. is 393 to 393 6d per cwt on the
spot, and town 39s 6d.
TEA.—The market is steady, with fair deliveries.

TESTIMONIAL
TO THE HUNGARIAN REFUGEES

" THE HUNGARIAN NATION COUNTS ON THE SYMPATHY
OF EVERY NATION WHICH LOVES EIGHT AND Ll-
BERTY."—Kossuth's Protest against Russian Interven-
tion.

Subscriptions may be sent to the following bankers:—
Messrs. Cuutts and Co.
Messrs. Drummond.
Messrs. Smith,- Payne, and Smith ;
or to The Sun Office, under cover to " The Editor;" or
to any one of the members of the committee recently
formed to carry out the Testimonial:—
The Right Hon. Lord Nugent,M.P., Chairman
Lord Dudley Coutts Stuart, M.P.
Charles Lushington, Esq., M.P.
Francis Mowatt, Esq., M.P.
William Scholefield, Esq., M.P.
William Ewart, Esq., M.P.
Colonel Henry Salwey, M.P.
Matthew Wilson, Esq., jun., M.P.
Jam-'s Heywood, Eq., M.P.
Frederick Pigou, Esq.
The R‘ght Hon. Thomas M Gibson, M.P.
Brodie M. Willcox, EA., M.P.
W. Mackinnon, Esq., M.P.
• 'ft rrens M•Cullagh, Esq., M.P.
R. Monckton Milnes, EA., M.P.
The Hon Charl,,s P. Villiers, M.P.
The Hon. F. Henry Berkeley, M.P.
I'. S. Duncombe, Esq., M.P.
James Clay, Esq., M.P.
George 3,1,,11'att, Esq., M.P.
M. Bass, E-q., M.P.
William Esq.

Subscriptions already received ... ...226 16 5
Captain Scott
A Few Friends of Freedom, Dudley 1 12 6
E. L. Sandars, Esq. 0 10 0
C Jones, Esq., M.D.
Mr. W. Smith
Mr. John Powell ... 0 10 0
Four Men of Ross .. 013 6
IV. ... .. ... ••• • • ... 5 0 0
A Few Chartists, 2d subscription 0 5 0
Charles F. Ford ... 0 2 f?
A Friend from Bradford ... 1 0 0
A Few Workmen, by T. E., Westminster-road ... 0 3 0
A Few Workmen, Aldgate ... 0 4 0
George' 'ering, Esq., per Lord D. C. Stuart, M.P. 0 10 0
L. Citizen ... ... 0 2 6
Workmen of C. Botten, Crawford. passage, Clerk-

.. ... 0 7
111 i ..• 0 7
... fil• 1 3

enwell
Retallick
Workmen at Messrs. Collard
John Cassell ... ..
A Shop of Republican Tailors
J. Livemore, Exeter Change Coffee-house
Three Compositors ...
From a few Drapers ••• ... ...
A few Workingmen, at the British Queen, Sussex-

... ... 1 1
... ... 0 9
... 0 2
... 0 1
... 1 1

street
A Conservative, Taunton ... ... 0 1
A few Friends in Dumfries, per J. Goodall, Esq.... 1 19
George Moffat, Esq. ... 5 5
William Williams, Esq. ... 5 5
M. Bass, Esq ,Di P. ... ... 5 0
Friends of Hungary, per Mr. Leighton ...
A Female Patriot and a Few Friends ...
Two Friend:, Richmond ...
Martin W. Franks, Cheapside (second contribution) 3 0
Mark- ane Express Compositors .. 012
A Few Workmen, enemies to oppression ... 0 8
Workmen of Messrs. Felix and Co., Hatters 1 1
Five Gentlemen, York and Albany ... 0 12
Charles C. B. Williams 0 10
Julius B. Halle ... 0 10

... 0 5
... 0 3
... 0 2

ae)t,i,ngato f t
ht he e
ngsi
teur
tni ou
nr ofy otrhki
GENERAL LYING IN HOSPITAL, LAMBETH.— A
quarterly
held s
estemrd€ rocandar;ityT.w S.
Cocks, jun., Esq., M.P., in the chair. The secretary,
Mr. W. W. Hastings, read the minutes of the weekly
meetings of the committee during the last quarter, aed
a statement of the pt asent condition of the funds of the
hospital. On the 30th of June there remained a balance
of 7361. in the hands of Messrs. Drummond, and o'
1691. 18s. Bd. with Messrs. Cocks. In the year 1848
the number of patients relieved was—in-door 335, out-
door 489. Up to the present period of the current
year, 162 it: door and 240 out-door patients have received
assistance. The average cost of each patient is esti-
mated at 21. 9s. 6d , and the average length of time an
in door patient remains in the hospital is 21 days. The
Rev. Mr. Lewis having resigned his office of chaplain to
the institution, the Rev. Mr. Abraham Peet was appointed
his successor. A vote of thanks to Mr. Lewis for his
past services was proposed by Dr. Rigby, and second. d
by Mr. S. George, and carried unanimously. In conse-
quence of the increased number of applicants who have
received relief, and the diminution of annual subscribers,
the funds of the charity have been so much impaired as
to render it necessary to effect some retrenchment in the
expenses: and with this view a committee, consisting of
Messrs. Bernard, Langton, Forrest, end Grissell, had
been appointed to report on the propriety of diminishine
the number of recomnendaiions for relief ut present
al'ovved to governors and subscribers, as well as on the
general expenses of the hospital. The committee not
having concluded their investigation a resolution was
passed granting them prolonged time. It was stated
that the governors are with d in all to 530 recommeu
dati.ns for in-dour relief, while the funds last year were
sufficient to afford reli- f to but 335 npplicants. A vote
of thank; to the chairman was then passed, and the
meeting terminated.
THURSO, JULY W.—HERRING FISHING.—We are
happy to state that those pursuing the fishing on this
coast, both in large and small bouts, had good success
last week. It is several years past, we believe, since they
were so fortunate here. The cons, queuco has been, that
scarce a boat is now to be secs on the river of ter sunset—
all are engaged in the pursuit of herrings.—floss shire A-
dvertiser.

The Right Hon. Henry Libouchere has returned to
town frow Osborne, Isle of Wight.

LITERATURE.
BLACKS PICTUI?ESQUE GUIDE-
BOOKS.
At the present very opportune moment, when the
July sun is rendering London intolerable and the
country all-attractive, a new edition of Black's po-
pular " Picturesque Guide Books" has very judici-
ously b€en issued. The " Picturesque Tourist of
Scotland," of which the sixth edition is before us,
scarcely requires commendation. However, for the
benefit of persons about to make a tour to the "north
countree," and whose party would otherwise be in-
complete, we will state the characteristics of this
agreeable compagnon de voyage. Some of these cha-
racteristics will be best given in the words of the
Preface, which tell us that—

" In the compilation of Guide-Books, it appears to the
publishers that much eloquence is often needlessly ex.
pended in ambitious eulogiums on the beauty or gnu-
deur of natural scenery, of which no adequate idea can
be conveyed to the mind by any written description,
however graphic and minute. In the present work such
attempts have been studiously avoided. A plain and in-
telligible account has been given of the scenery most
worthy of the attention of strangers, without dictating
the amount of admiration with which any given scene
is to be contemplated. By aolopting this course, space
has been found ler the incorporation of a large amount
of traditionary, historical, and literary illustration, by
which it is conceived a recollection of the scenery will be
more permanently fixed in the memory of the tourist,
than by any original description of its features which
the author could himself have given.
" Neither labour nor expense has been spared to give
the work the greatest possible degree of accuracy. To
secure this object, the several sheets, in their progress
through the press, have been transmitted to individuals
conversant with the topography of the respective dis-
tricts ; while the descriptions of Edinburgh, Glasgow,
and Aberdeen, have been wholly contributed by natives
of these cities."

The number of illustrations scattered throughout this
volume is surprising; there are no less than twenty-
four maps, plans, and railway charts, and fifty-two
views of scenery, &c. Some of the latter are very
beautiful engravings; among others are Melrose
Abbey, Loch Lomond, Abbotsford, and the various
public buildings of Auld Reekie, &c. The number
and the beauty of the engravings are such as to render
this volume equally attractive in the drawing-room
as it is useful on the tour. Of a similar character is
"Black's Picturesque Guide to the English Lakes,"
which, to quote the quaint motto on the title-
page, is ane that wad bear ye pleasant company
on the road, and tell ye the names of the gen-
tlemen's and noblemen's seats, and count their
kin to ye." In addition to its agreeable and
picturesque guidance through the lake district,
this volume gives an " Essay on the Geology
of the District," by J. Phillips, late Professor of
Geology and Mineralogy in the University of Dublin.
Some beautiful views of the various lakes, and nume-
rous charts, maps, and outline views of mountain
groups are to be found in the volume.

A POPULAR HISTORY of BRITISH SEA-
WEEDS. By the Rev. D. Landsborough.
"Not lost the time iu sea side ramble spirit.
Braced is the frame; and mental health is gained;
Knowledge is gained of Him who made the deep,
And blissful love acquired of nature's works,
Of which each questioned minim' soothly says:
The plastic power that formed us is divine!'
Launch then the skiff; ply well the scraping dredge!
Or, if it like thee better, search the shore:
Each rock-pool has its treasure, every tide
Strews on the yellow sand, from Ocean's lap,
Weeds, than our flowers more fair, and fitted more,
By Lady's gentle fingering displayed,
To beautify the album's tasteful ttage,
Than aught that deftest pencil e'er devised
Of graceful symmetry, or lovely hue:
Fur who can paint like Nature?' quoth the Bird."
D. L.
These beautiful lines, which we find on one of its
first pages, form an appropriate introduction to the
book of " British Sea. weeds." The family of the
A/sTe have been happy in finding such an historian as
Mr. Landsborough ; he treats the subject con amore,
and displays in that treatment much erudition and
research. This volume is got_ up in that handsome
and elaborate style which characterises the publica-
tions of Messrs. Reeve and Benham. It is profusely
illustrated with specimens of the various sea-weeds,
beautifully drawn and exquisitely coloured. " The
time is not very far gone past," says Mr. Lands-
borough in his introduction,
"When a book on the study of Sea-weeds, would
have been the very reverse of popular in any case.
About fifty years ago, in some academic chairs, they
were treated with disdain. We have heard of a student
about that period who, having collected some beautiful
Algae on the shore, showed the contents of his vasculum
to the Professor of Botany whose lectures he attended,
expressing a wish to get some information respecting
them. The Professor looked at them, and putting on his
spectacles, again looked at them, when pushing them
from him, he exclaimed: Pooh! a parcel of sea-weeds,
sir; a parcel of sea- weeds!' The Newhaven fishermen
seem to have caught the spirit of this learned Professor,
for to this day do they denominate all the finer sea-weeds,
—chat': They are weeds: and what are weeds? Dr.
Joht,son, the famous lexicographer, tells us that they
are plants that are noxious and useless. Oh, but th.!y
are sea-weeds, we say in mitigation. And doss that
mend the matter? Horace and Virgil knew that right
well, and as with all their poetic genius they knew not a
word of English, they give them the outlandish name of
Alga :—nay more, Horace speaks or them as inutilis
Alyu,' useless sea weeds! And tasteful Virgil goes
even beyond his friend 11 ,race, for when speaking of
smelling which he regards as worthle.s and filthy, he
says that it is the 'Alga projectu vilior,' viler than the
sea-we. d cast out on the shore. Its very calamities are
turned against it : 'Refunditur Alga,' says ano!her poet,
'he sea loathes it and flings it out on the lama!—Alas!
for the poor sea-weeds, when the Princes of Poetry in
the Augustan age are against there! But as there were
no sea-weeds in the streets of Rome, or in the yellow
fiber, they may have spoken thoughtlessly, and without
any malice prepense, and we would therefore appeal from
the ancient court of the Muses, and consider what cha-
racter they gustain in the present day."
That the effect of this appeal will be the setting aside
of the verdict of the venerable court of antiquity n•
cannot doubt, when such arguments as the following
can be adduced in favour of the study of nature :
" The naturalist knows nothing of that tcedium vita,
.—that vampire, ennui, which renders life a burden to
thousands. To him every hour is precious. He may
have little leisure for his favourite pursuits; but even
those scraps of time which occur in the busiest life, and
which many allow to be lost, he gathers up as precious
fragments. Habits of observation, of patient research,
af accurate discrimination, and orderly arrangement are
gradually acquired. Wherever he is—on the wild moor
or on the shore of the sea, be learns to see thousands of
beautiful, wonderful things which the untrained, unini-
tiated eye never observes. Is he healthy? His rural
rambles are conducive to the continuance of health. Is
ne in search of health? Health flees from the man who
sets out in direct pursuit of it. But let him have an in-
.erest in the wonders of nature—in the works of God's
hand,—meditating on them, ho forgets his ail-
ments, and health, which he ceases to pursue, by the
blessing of God often comes as it were of its own ac-
cord. His mind is soothed and refreshed, sad the salu-
tary influence is felt by the enfeebled body.
There is a pleasure in the pathless woods,
There is a rapture on the lonely shore,
There is society where none intrudes,
By the deep sea, and music in its roar.' "

0 LANCASTER AND NEWCASTLll.—Yesterday the
o winding up of this company's affairs came on beture the
0 Master in Chancery Tinuey, for the appointment of an
6 official assignee, to fix the contributories from among
0 the original allotttees liable to pay off outstanding ene
0 gagements. The petitioners praying that the company
might be wound up were Messrs. Waring and Upton,
1 and Messrs. Wilkiu,on and Cockburn, the original pro-
maters, secretary and solicitor. The line, it appeared
from the petitions, was projected with a proposed capital
of 2,000,0001., in 100,000 shares of 201. each, and 21. 2s.
deposit. Upton, the second promoter, was an in-
solvent, and Mr. Waring, clerk to the magistrates at
Sedbergh, the treasurer, had had actions brought against
him by the creditors. The shares on their allotment
rose to a premium; 2e. 6d. a share was paid; but the
scheme was subsequently abandoned. Mr. Shum, for
the petitioners, urged the appointment of Mr. Waring
as official manager. This was opposed by Mr. Walcot
on behalf of other contributors, who proposed Mr. Bit k.
beck, banker, West Riding, on the ground that Mr.
Waring was an interested party. Mr. Rogerson pro-
posed Mr. Soulby, accountant. The Master decided
against the appointment of Mr. Waring, and said at the
next meeting he would determine whether Mr. Birk
beck, in the event of no other person being proposed,
should be appointed in conjunction with Mr. Soulby.
THE CHOLERA IN MILLBANY PRlSON.—Yesterday
Mr. Larighain, the Deputy-Coroner for Westminster,
held six more inquests in the Mitlbank Prison, on the
bodies of an equal number of. convicts who died therein,
Four of the deaths were occasioned from
.Asiatic cholera,
but as the evidence in each case differed in not the least
degree from what has already appeared in this journal
respecting the deaths of other prisoners from the same
disorder, it is unnecessary to repeat it. The Coroner,
in making inquiries as to the state of the prison, was in-
formed by Dr. Baly that he had repot ted Cie state of the
prison to the Home-office, and had recommended that
one-half of the prisoners should be removed to a mare
but a great difficulty arose on that head.
healthy place,
on account of the cholera raging at Woolwich, Pores:
mouth, and other places. The Government hare, h ,w.
ever, found a barrack in an isolated part of the country,
to which place, in a day or two, 500 of the cowr,ets will
be removed, The Coroner and jury said they wet e pled
w hear the provision which the Government had made
to arrest the progress or the disease..
THE SALE OF BREAD.-1 he master bakers of
Marylebone and its vicinity have p, totta,edth,eagaCitismi;
mons House, through Lord Dailey Stuart Isi.p.
Mr. Spooner's Bill for preventing frauds in the sale of
bread, on the ground that the law already affords ample
security to the public that lull weight is given by the
bakers; that it is utterly impossible to mark the bread
in the way required by the said Bill, because the marks
if made, are liable to be obliterate,' by the heat or,
coldness Uf the oven, or by the softness of the dough •
and that the operation of the law will give greater
facili-
ties to evil-disposed persons to institute vexatious pro-
secutions against bakers. The bakers of Greenwich
have also protested against the Bill, through their Mem-
ber, Rear-Admiral Milldam, M.P.

- -
IMPERIAL PNRLIAMEN T.
HOUNR OF )11 Ds, ./u/r/ 16.
TYNE RIVER CONSERVANCY BILL.
(Cotr muert Lonna (air Third Edition of yes erday.);
The `Alniquls or CLANRICARDE suppoittu 'he
second rear-hog of the Bill. From the manner in
which thu U I came rPoommonded to the House he did
not think their Lordships would be jtht:fild in re-
jecting it.
Lori BEAUMONT having replied, the House di-
vided, when there appeared :
For the second reading ... ... 42
Against it ... ... 30
Majority ... ••• —l2
The Bill was then read a second time, and referrul
to a Select Committee.
The Sites for Schools 8.1 l was read a third time and
passed, and the Commons' amendments to the Turnpike
Trusts Bill were agreed to.
The Marquis of LANDSDOWNE laid on the Is th'e
the correspondence between the Poor-hew Com:nis
missioners and the Board of Guardi,ns in Ireland for the
last six month..

POOR RELIEF ;IRELAND) BILL.
On the motion that the House go into Committee on
this Bill,
Lord STANLEYsaid that he did not mean to enter into
any discussion on this Bill, but at the same time he felt it
to be his duty to make a few observations on seme omis•
sions in the Bill, which should have been introducel to
the notice of their Lordships by the Government, and
which omissions tended very much to neutralise the good
that was included in some of its clauses. He thought
it was the duty of the Government, to give all the in-
formation requisite retpecting this measure, and regret-
ted that he felt bound to say that that information was
not given to the Committee. He should also express
his astonishment that the rate in aid that had been so
strongly disapproved of by their Lordships' Committee
should have been introduced in this Bill, and, therefore,
hoped that the opinions that then prevailed would be
sustained, and that no such clause would be acceded to,
as they had already decided that it would be impracti
cable and injudicious, particularly as every one of their
Lordships, with the exception of two or three belonging
to the Government, were opposed to such a clause. It
might be said that the Committeecould not wait for the re -
port, but to that he should say, why should they go on with
a measure of which most of their Lordships were ignorant;
and why not confine themselves to legislate only on what
they knew ? He should next refer to the quarter-
acre clause, and say that nothing could be more unjust
than that persons holding ten acres or more should be
allowed out-door relief while they neglected the cultiva-
tion of those ten acres. This was a question which he
considered the Government were called upon to settle,
and should therefore oppose the Bill, until he got more
satisfactory explanations than had as yet been given;
for he felt fully convinced that such a clause would tend
to spread pauperism throughout the whole of Ireland.
He therefore hoped that the Government would consider
the question, and not cause the people of that country
to emigrate in thousands, as they were doing at present.
This rate in aid was most unjust, because it brought on
the industrious farmer the onus of supporting others
who were negligent of their duty in society, because
they resided in a different electoral division. He looked
upon such a plan as a premium for idleness and apathy,
and as a source of resistance to the just payment of
their rates. Such a line of proceeding would involve
many of the landlords in Ireland, and he, for his
own part, felt its unjust influence already. He hoped
that those omissions to which he had alluded would be
considered by their Lordships, and that the present Bill
would be rejected. This was an obligation, too, which
might endure for ever, and ho was perfectly confident
that Ireland could not bear up against the load of taxa-
tion which- they were enacting. They must diminish
this oppressive taxation, or otherwise expect to find the
number of inselvent unions greatly increase. He con-
fessed that in this Bill he felt great disappointment, for
let them amend it as they might, and amend it he hoped
they would, or let them reject such of its obnoxious pro-
visions as they chose, and some of them he hoped they
would reject, he could not look forward with any degree
of hope that it would ever prove a remedy for that great
canker of Ireland, the poor-law, which was eating into
the very substance of the people.
After a short speech from Lord KINGSTOWN,
which was altogether inaudible in the gallery,
The Marquis of LANSDOWNE rose to answer some
of the observations of the Noble Lord opposite (Lord
Stanley). He wished to remind the Noble Lord, th at
whatever his opinion might be, there was only one opi-
nion in Parliament at the commencement of the session,
that a Committee of Inquiry was the proper mode of pro-
ceeding, as a first step towards legislation on this subject.
If the Government had not taken that- step the Noble
Lord and his political friends would have been the first to
blame them for not having taken the opinion of a Com-
mittee, and of Irish Members acquainted with the work-
ing of the Irish poor-law. The Government, however,
had not incurred this blame, and lost no time in procur-
ing a Committee to investigate and report upon the sub-
ject. The Government then took upon itself the respon-
sibility of adopting some of the recommendations of the
Committee, and of rejecting others, and he believed that,
in the opinion of a majority of the Reuse, it would be
considered that they had acted in the manner which the
circumstances of the time suggested, as being the most
conducive to the accomplishment of the end in view.
With regard to the quarter-acre clause, upon which the
Noble Lord had laid so much stress, he felt convinced
that the distinction which it made was necessary to be
obServed, though every one, of course, must regret that
its operation in some cases should be attended with
hardship to the poor cultivator. The B:11, he appre-
hended, would not be found upon a fair examination to
be open to the charge which the Noble Lord had
brought against it, that it contained no provision of a
permanently beneficial character, because there were
two clauses addressed expressly to the erection of tem
porary workhouses until permanent ones could be
built. lie hoped their Lordships would give these, and
all the other provisions of the Bill, a fair consideration,
recolt cting always that its object was not at once to
remove the complication of distress which Ireland no e•
laboured and-r, but to me-t, as well as legislation could,
the recommendations of the Committee taken in con•
nexion with the evidence before them. In conclusion,
he would submit to their Lordships the expediency of
proceeding at once to a Committee on the Bill, when
he would most willingly entertain any proposition which
might appear to hire calculated to improve the present
form of the measure.—(Hear.)
The Earl of RUSSE said there was a general belief
that the Poor-law Commissioners were favourable to a
system of out-door relief. lie rose to state as much to
the House, as the Noble Marquis opposite had inti-
mated, that at a certain period the out-door relief system
would be suspended.
Lord REDESDALE considered that the principle
now proposed was more and more a departure from the
principle and spirit of the English poor law. This Bili
proposed the very worst principle, a principle which,
with regard to Ireland, but rendered the case more hope-
less, and involved the country more and more in difficul-
ties.—(Hear.) He felt that if the Bill were carried as
proposed, it would greatly increase the difficulty in
relation to the purchase of land, and that with such a
Bill it would be utterly impossible to redeem the country
from its oppressed condition.
Lord MONTEAGLE, in pursuance of the notice
which he had given, rose to propose an amendment.
With respect to a maximum rate, it must depend upon
the uniformity of the valuation. His Noble Friend
(Lord Fortescue) had proposed a resolution on that sub -
ject, and the witnesses whom he had called :n to his aid
had failed to make out his case; yet he now sought to
press the principle on their Lordships' House. Ile (Lord
Monteagie) felt that the law as now propos -d was at va-
riance with the English poor-law. The maximum which
was now proposed was no maximum at all—it was 55.,
for instance, in one place, 10s. in anotheT, and 2a. 61. in
another. How, then, could that be said to be a maxi-
mum which operated so unequally? On the ground that
the maximum, as proposed, was contrary to the English
law—that it was delusive, fallacious, and unjust; he
called upon their Lordships to reject the proposition, and
to do the same justice to Ireland that they would to
England. The Noble Lord concluded by moving, as his
amendment, the omission of the first clause, establishing
a maximum.
Earl FORTESCUE admitted, with respect to the re-
solution referred to by the Noble Lord, that there were
many in Committee opposed to it, and he withdrew it
on that ground; but he certainly did not think with the
Noble Lord that every member of the Committee was
opposed to the clause.
The Earl of WICKLOW said that his great objection
to the resolution in Committee was, that it appeared to
him to be utterly absurd to agree to a resolution where
there was no fund to meet its object. He felt, however,
that the objection in Committee was to a great extent
obviated by the matter having come in the shape of a
Bill from the House of Commons. It was said, in sup-
port of the Bill, that it would greatly facilitate the pur-
chase of land; but in his opinion, instead of acting as an
inducement to purchasers, it would have quite a con-
trary effect. He, for one, would not become a purchaser
of landed property, which he found subject to, and bur-
dened with rates of almost every description—and on
which he found it was now proposed to levy an ad,titional
rate of 7s. 6d. in the pound. They had latterly heard much
about the city of London coming forward as purchasers
of property in the went of Ireland. Now he happened
to know something of the property purchased by .‘ ab-
sentee" companies in the north of Ireland, and he must
say,. in reference to the benefits alleged to have been
conferred on the country by those absentee companies,
that he thought that they were greatly exaggerated.—
(Hear, hear.) What was the state of the question with
regard to the purchaser of land in Ireland? Why, in
addition to Crown and quit rents, he would find that land
in that country was subject to tithe charge, that it aas
subject to a rate of 2s. 6d. in the pouedivor building
new workhouses for the poor, that it was subject to a
liability for past debts, that it was subject to a rate for
emigration, and that it was now proposed to make it
subject to the additional tax of 7s. 6t1., comprising ss.
and 21. as a maximum rate, and a sixpenny rate as the
' rate in aid. Why, with such an accumulation of rates,
he did not hesitate to say that landed property in Ireland
would not be worth five years' purchase—( Hear, hear)—
and it was on those grounds hat he felt he ought to give
his vote against the clause, considering the principle a
most vicious one, a circumstance which he regretted, as
he was desirous to see the me, sure rendered a useful one,
Lord STHADBROOKE et nsidered the principle pro-
posed to be unjust, and so 1 ng as that principle was
maintained on a large area of taxation, so long would
Ireland continue to be oppressed. Ile wished they would
endeavour to assimilate the law to that of England, for
the more they did that the better he felt it would be for
Ireland.

The Marquis of CLANRICARDE agreed in the opi-
nion of the Committee, that a.maximuin rate would be
likely t.> raise the mark, table value of landrd prop, rty
in Irelind, and that it would at the same time, as im-
posed for a poor-law, be a vicious principle. But, upon
the priuciple on which the maximum was proposed in
t be Dill now before the house, he felt that be was called

up .n to support it. He hoped that the objections wilt b
had been teged n2l,in,t, the chose were not of sufficieet
roe to induce their Lordships to epees,. it. He had
never seen a paaun connected with Ireland who did not
admit that a maximum clause would he of the greatest
advantage to those ho had laid to dispose of, and that
it would greatly facilitate the trans'er of property. He,
therefore, considered that portion of the Bill would be
of the greatest advantage to Ireland; at all events its
intr.( ductson could rot make matters worse, and he bad
every reason to believe it would make them better.
Earl FITZ WILLIA M said he could conceive certain
cases where a maximum rate rni,eht be established, but
this was not one of them. His Noble Friend who ha",
last addressed the House. spoke es if the present "AS
measure simply relating to the land of Ireland— (Hear)
—a measure for facilitating the transfer of property 1°
that country. But it was no such thing. It was *
measure to make provision for the poor of Ireland ;
and while they might have a maximum as regarded
some rates, he did not believe that it was possible, i°
the circumstances of Ireland, to have a maximum poor-
rive. He would ask those who contended for sucs,
were the people of Ireland to starve should this 5.3. or 7e.
maximum rate not prove sufficent for their relief?-e
(Hear, hear.) Should the House of Commons declare
that they were prepared to make up such a deficienci
from the Exchequer, should such deficiency occur, the°
he would be prepared to support a maximum rate; but,
until he had that declaration, he must give his 8%0)0°
to the amendment which had been proposed.
Earl ST. GERMANS agreed that the enactment of
this maximum rate would have the effect of facilitating
the transfer of land in Ireland, and it would operate
that respect most beneficially, by transferring the len°
from persons who had no capital to those who had.
(Hear, hear.) He did not think it fair to say that the
maximum would not suffice for the necessities of the
unions in Ireland, for in 1848, when the distress was
very severe, they would find that not more than 24 of the
unions in Ireland exceeded a es. rate. While, therefore.
it was not with any great satisfaction he voted for the
olause, he would do so rather than hazard the passing o'e
the measure.
Lord REDESDALE objected to the clause. It wee
true that after the expiry of twelve months, the two shil-
ling clause for the raising a rate in aid could be brought
into operation, but during the year, should the five sbil-
ling maximum rate be insufficient for the
maintenance of the poor, the affairs of the
unions must be at a stand-still. At the same time.
on referring to the clause itself, it turned out
an absurdity, for it authorised the levying of a sa. rate in
aid within the year, therefore contradicting the inter -
tions of those who supported it.
Lord WHARNCLIFFE said, from all the informs'
tion he had gathered, he had cc-me to the conclusion t°,
oppose the imposition of a maximum rate. He collie
not conceive how a maximum rate in the circumstances
of Ireland could have a real existence. He could under"
stand establishing a maximum, and expending the over
plus funds creates': by it in claming out the objects for
which such maximum was established, but in the pre'
sent case, while there was no evidence that such max,'
mum would suffice, he would not support it unless
guarantee was given that the deficiency would be made
up from the common treasury. They were told that by
fixing a maximum of ss. beyond which no rates could b°
levied, they would give facility to the sale of land; but
while that might be true, they at the same time greed!
diminished the value of such property.—(Hear.) He
did not think any such step as this would put a ewe
to the unfortunate stare -of things which prevailed i°
Ireland. A taxation, such as that proposed, would 111
operate; and, therefore, Government ought to have had
recourse to some other system. The great objection to
the system he had was, that it was not a temporal
arrangement; fur if they by such means induced parties
to invest their money in land in Ireland, they could now
with a good grace, afterwards turn round and say that
they found it necessary to alter the law, and that tue,
tenure on which they entered upon the possession 0`
their properties would be altered also. He would be etc ;
tisfied to allow this clause to be inserted in the Bill, if 1,
were of a temporary nature, but when it was introduced
e 0
as a permanent measure, he considered that it was 11'5
'
duty of
Parliament to oppose it by every possible mesa
as nothine could be more injurious to the interests 0
the Irish farmer and the Irish landlord than such 11
clause.
The Marquis of LANSDOWNE said, that befoT
their Lordships came to a vote on this clause, he wish%
to remind their Lordships that he had. in connell''d
with the Government, fully and maturely considered
the necessity of this clause, and that all we's
perfectly satisfied that there was an urge:
necessity of amending the poor-law, and Of :.
be
grafting on it a maximum rate, beyond which "
poor-law cauld nut extend. He was the more desire%
that their Lordships should agree to this clause, because
it had already met the approbation of the House of
Commons, and that because they saw the necessity
lb
such a clause for the present state of Ireland, se b°
the landlord and the tenant would benefit much by sues
a clause. He also wished to remind their Lordsh'Po
that, of the 1,923 electoral divisions in Ireland, tberd
were only 328 where this question was agitated ; sad
that of the 131 unions there were only 61 in arrears, 79.
that more than one-half of those were liable to only
st
in the pound ; and that the highest rate, in the 111°L;
distressed unions, did not amount to more than 69'
the pound, which was less than one. third of the i‘P,,c°,o
re..
of the property. He hoped that they would at'f„re
collect that the majority of the evidence given before
the Committee concurred in deciding that this Mal'•
mum rate would tend to improve the interest of Ire'
land, by causing more capital to be expended in aft
country. lie therefore considered both these clause*
essentially requisite for the improvement of that cool:
try, and hoped that their Lordships would agree sib'

Their Lordships divided upou the question that the
chose do stand part of the 8111, when there appe.ired--
Contents ..• ••• ••• ••• 26
Nun-contents ~, 35
Majority against the clause —9 f
During the absence of report. rs, the Marquis°g
LANSDO WNE, as we were informed, announced 4',.4
he would not trouble their Lordships to divide up°o
clause 2 (:'or a 2s. rate in aid).
Clauses 1 and 2 were accordingly omitted from the
Bill.

Clauses from 3 to 15 were then agreed to.
On clause 16,
Lord MONTEAGLE said that this and the 17,,t1.:;
18th, and 19th, which hinged upon it, were them ic
important clauses of the Bill, relating as they did textd 0
mode of rating is: Ireland, and exhibiting as they, did 0
mode of rating ir. Ireland, and exhibiting as they, the
totally opposite principle to that in operation in e.
English poor law, while their principle was at Witten.
The summary power which the Bill gave to obtain 7
debt due by process before the assistant barrisT);
and the course which it proposed of carrying
decision of that functionary before the Judges of the
perior Courts in Dublin, in order to give to it, by regi
tration, the same effect as a judgment debt obtained
01"
tt
ihoons
ae b seu. p e rßi ourt courts, w
a e
peculiarlys
odebt for which this course was proposed as a remedy
p consideredpressi ve most
o whenst
thee
,
was-not that of the actual tenant in possession, but of 0
defaulting and absconded tenant. He considered a coo
of that sort one of great hardship, great injustice, and
great oppression; and he should therefore propose the
orris ion of the clauses altogether.
Lord CAMPBELL explained that the Noble Lord
„
was mistaken in supposing that one man was to be Wu`
liable under this Bill for the debt of another. ble
Lord STANLEY was at a loss to know how the NoT h •
and Learn( d Lord could defend those clauses, whLe
exposed a party not owing a debt to have his laud tatien
from him and confiscated for a debt due by another.
Earl ST. GERMANS thought there must be sore:
misapprehension about the clauses, which, if they fe,s
to have the effect described by his Noble Friend (bni'n,
Monteagle) ought certainly not to be allowed to rent;
The Marquis of CLANRICARDE said the quo!'"
before the Committee was, as to the best mode of rr
covering those debts for which the landlord was real
liable, and he thought the mode proposed by the Intehe;
sure before the House better than that proposed by
Noble Lord,
Rod
The Earl of LUCAN supported the amendment,
went further even than it did, for he was of opinion --0
no personal liability should attach to the landlord 11$
for arrears clue by the tenant.
Lord BEAUMONT also supported the amendroer;
as he conceived it unjust to snake a landlord pay
for which he was not primarily liable; and as the it,
made him so liable, as it at present stood, he thought •
should be altered, but in the meantime that the sie".l
mode of recovery should be adopted.
The Marquis of SALISBURY considered the law' et
present most stringent and unjust, and that an alt sr •
ation should be male. He would support the anleDik.
went.

After a few words from the Marquis of LA74.-5'
DOWNE, the House divided, when there appeared--"
Contents ... „, „,
Nun contents
Majority ...
The clause was consequently lost.
On cause 20 being proposed,
Lord STANLEY intimated that he had an ato'e d.
i4Lvi
Mina to propose in reference to the giving the pourpr,
gum-divas power to associate with them a paid 0"c
ins,ead of the vice guwidian.
The Marquis of LANSDOWNE, as was underst°
1?
stated that Government would consider the propriety
introducutg such a clause.
Lord STANLEY sail that he would leave this 103;
sure, but he would suggest that there shOuld be °l:v,
paid guardian, instead of having the vice•guardian
wage the business.
The At,rquis of LANSDOWNE perfectly concurred
with the Noble Lord (Lord Stanley) that every Pre,c.,11,11,
lion should be taken against the possibility of 6"1" ,
and for that reason he would use every exertion to
range that n atter.

.. 32
... -13

rile el :use was then agreed to.
L MONTEAGLE said that the next clause Wit.,
to enable the tenant, even if reduced to a state of pauPebe
ism, to claim compensation fur any improvement
might m ike on his farm.
The Marquis of LANSDOWNE said that he wyllici
stpone the. report tilt Monday text.
The House then adjourned.

HOUSE OF CO t 1 /lONS, A 1.21 16.
(Continued from ow Third Edition of last 400
aIEDALS. to
Mr. HUME rose to make an inquiry with respect
the Indian in, dals. Some time ao he bad made a aitre
tion for the production of rules and regulations in feed respect to the distribution of these, and be wisbe
to kaow it the Government would lay on the table onto
corn spondence with the Court of Directors on Ib
subject.
1 It
Sir JOHN IMBHOUSE said that the rats.°&
id
with respect to these medals was that no medal con
_r
be girt n io any soldier or officer for any action but for
those in which some general officer or oo
chief had sorted wad elgaiwid g medal. roraandor-ua