The Sun.
London, England, 1836-03-03 00:00:00

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The Members of the City ; Daniel O'Connell, Esq., M.P.,
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HAMBURG, FEBRUA RY 24, 1836.
THIS DAY, being the FOURTH DAY of
DRAWING of the SIXTY-SEVENTH HAMBURG
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The publication of THE SUN NEWSPAPER commenced this day
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LONDON,
THURSDAY EVENING, MARCH 3, 1836.

The Tories fought hard last night in the House of
Commons, to set aside the proposed inquiry into the
proceedings of the late Municipal election for the
town of Poole. With this view they moved an Amend-
ment on Mr. PouLTErt's motion for a Committee of
Inquiry, the purport of which was, that Parliamentary
interference was unnecessary, as the Courts of Law
were quite competent to deal-with the !question. On
a division this Amendment ww.; lost by a majority of
118, the numbers for it being 70, and against it 188
The original motion was then agreed to without a di,
vision, and a Committee appointed.

The Prisoners' Counsel Bill passed the Com-
mittee of the House of Commons last night. We
trust the Lords will adopt it without amend-

ment, as it is now as perfect a measure as an:
act of human legislation can be. Did Parliamcn
only pass this Bill during the Session, the countr,
would have no reason to complain of the indolence o
its Representatives.

The conclusion of Count Pozzo DI BORGO'S very
:secret despatch (dated Paris, December 14, 1823),
addressed to Count NESSELRODE, the Russian Minis-
ter for Foreign Affairs, on the subject of the war be-
tween the AUTOCRAT and the Sublime Porte, is given
in the 13th Number of the Portfolio. We have
already taken notice of the first part of this im-
portant document, which may be regarded as embody-
ing the diplomatic mind of Russia. It bears upon the
surface of it the impress of its authenticity. As we
declined to copy any part of it before the whole was
published, we shall take this opportunity of making
extracts from it, accompanied by such observations of
our own as shall render its purport intelligible to all.
It may be necessary to remind the reader, that this des-
patch was written at the conclusion of the first cam-
paign, which wore appearances unfavourable to Rus-
sia. We shall begin with the first paragraph :
" The malevolent intentions and the hostile preparations of
the Court of Vienna against Russia are facts known to all
Europe. The Imperial Cabinet has penetrated them in their
commencement and followed them in their progress, and the
servants of the Emperor have signalised their existence and
combated their effects."

The excessive bitterness of this language might ex-
cite surprise, were the cause of it not explicitly pointed
out by the Russian Diplomatist. Less sensitive states-
men than M. Pozzo DI BORGO—Lord PALMERSTON
for example—may learn an useful lesson from the fol-
lowing citation of the crime of Austria :
" It was after having inundated the public with distorted or
exaggerated statements of supposed reverses of the Russian
army, and of the success and superiority of the Turks, that
Prince Metternich proposed to the Cabinet of London to act
in concert with him in order to form a league, into which
France and Prussia would be drawn, with the view of interfer-
ing between Russia and Turkey, and to impose peace upon
his Majesty the Emperor.
" You are aware, M. le Compte, that, according to the plan
of the Chancellor of the Court and the State, the Duke of
Wellington was to undertake the task as regards France, and
to guide her to his ends, while the former was to he answer.
able for Prussia.

" Having obtained information on this project, I applied my-
self to point out the inconvenience and dangers attending it,
and I found the French. minister of the same opinion."

In fact, Prince METTERNICH had penetrated the
secret designs of Russia, and was right well aware that
the apparent failure of the Russians in the first cam-
paign was preconcerted. He saw that if it were possi-
ble to compel the EMPEROR to negociate a peace at
that point, Russia would be caught in her own snare,
and that Turkey, ignorant of so happy a deliverance,
would henceforth assume a tone which would not fail
to repel the aggressions of the CZAR On her Euro-
pean frontier. The Russian Envoys who knew
the ulterior designs of the AUTOCRAT, and that the
first campaign was intentionally unsuccessful, in order
to prevent the interference of any other Power, were
enraged at the efforts made by IVIETTERNicII to
conclude a peace which would have covered the CZAR
with confusion.

M. DI BORGO then continues to recount the means
by which he succeeded in bafflino-
the policy of the
Austrian Minister. His was a difficult part to perform ;
but he proved himself equal to it. Prince MET TERNICH
had drawn up a treaty which he communicated to the
Cabinets of London and Paris, the object of which
was to fix the conditions of a peace between Russia
and the Sublime Porte. This treaty was unsuccessful,
principally through the machinations of Russia. Still

the Duke of WELLINGTON was not indifferent to the
distracted state of Turkey. M. DE POLlGNAC—un-
consciously a mere tool of the Russian Minister—
was in London at the time when Prince METTER-
NICH'S treaty was submitted to the English Govern-
ment.

He was charged to sound the Duke as to his
views, of which he made the following report to M.
Pozzo DI BORGO :
" M. de Polignac wished to converse with me upon the
whole situation of affairs. He told nae, that the Duke of
Wellington, although pained at the rupture between Russia
and the Porte, had no fear of the consequences that were gene-
rally apprehended at the commencement, because, either the
Sultan would have made peace on sight of the Russian
army, or the latter, not being in force sufficient to produce de-
cisive results, would be arrested, far from any position capable
of endangering the existence of the Ottoman Empire ; but
that it was not so with the approaching campaign, because
Russia, corrected by experience, and forced by necessity, will
put in movement her whole power, and the Sultan, determined
to defend himself to the last, will do the same.
" That to hinder the realization of so great a misfortune, the
Duke would have desired to communicate with the neutral
powers, in order to consult upon the means of putting an end
to this conflict ; that indeed these means were difficult to find,
but that there was one easy to be put in practice, and that
would be subject to no inconvenience—namely, that of send-
ing the Ambassadors of England and France to Constanti-
nople to influence the Divan, and to withdraw it from the ex-
clusive direction of Austria." _ . _

Had the Duke of WELLINGTON acted in the
spirit of this conversation, Turkey would have been
saved the humiliation of bending her neck to the yoke
of the Autocrat. He was only behind Prince MET-
TERNICH, in supposing that the first campaign was
really injurious to Russia ; for upon every other point
there was some coincidence in the conclusions at which
both Statesmen had arrived. It must also be confessed
that the Noble Duke does not appear to have considered
any but the physical consequences of discomfiture as re-
garded either of the belligerents ; whereas the Austrian
Minister had examined the question in all its bear-
ings—weighed the moral effects of conquest as re-
garded Russia ; and was throughout tremblingly alive
to the immense advantages of impressing upon the
Porte the vulnerability of the Imperial army. Ne-
vertheless the project of the Duke of WELLINGTON
was as politic as it was open and straightforward.
He seems to have thought that the letting a little
blood would be useful to the AUTOCRAT as well as
to the SULTAN, but that the parties ought not to be
allowed to grow angry and inflict dangerous wounds
upon each other. It was with this view that he pro-
posed sending the Ambassadors of France and Eng-
land to Constantinople to act as umpires. This would
have upset the whole plans of Russia—plans which
METTERNICH had fathomed from the moment the
first shot was fired. The Count saw that the Duke
had not penetrated the secret designs of Russia; but
he was not the less sensible that the English Minis-
ter's plan, if promptly executed, would produce the
same result as if to defeat the schemes of the Imperial
Cabinet was his sole object. It was therefore his
policy to lose no time in deterring the Duke from such
a line of proceeding. Mark the consummate ability
with which Di BORG° applied himself to the sowing
of jealous suspicions between the Cabinets of London
and Vienna, by which means only he could hope to
counteract the Duke's well advised policy :
" Convinced that the Prince de Pollynac would repeat my
conversation to the Duke of Wellington, I replied to him,
That without diminishing the importance which this added
to existing circumstances and events in prospect, I would ob-
serve, that it appeared to me exaggerated.
" That instead of presaging troubles and catastrophes, it was
more prudent and natural to see in the present conflict but a
war between Russia and the Porte, as had often been before,
and to expect that peace will be made whenever one of the
parties will feel that it is better for him to make some sacri-
fices for it, than to continue to expose himself to greater
disasters.

" "f hat the alarms and terrors with which it was attempted
to harass Europe, were the work of Prince Metternich—that
it was he who directly or indirectly brought on the present
war by his imprudent advice to the Sultan, in bringing him
entirely to refuse to the three Powers an accommodation which
they begged, F.o to speak, at the doors of the Seraglio.
" That after having been the cause of the war, he had nc:t
ceased encouraging the Turks to sustain it, and informing
them not only of the number and condition of the Russian
troops, but falsely and foolishly depreciating the resources cf
the Emperor and the empire.
" That riot content-with these proceedings, he incessantly
importunes France, England, and Prussia—under specious
pretexts—to unite against Russia, without being abashed by
the refusal he encounters, and by the impossibility of gi►ing
the least consistency to this system of hatred and annoyance.
" "That all the world sees in the Duke of Wellington and
his intentions the same principles of wisdom and equity, of
which Europe has so often felt the salutary effects—but dint
since he assumes his accustomed ascendancy, he should deliver
himself from the influence of Prince Metternich, and con-
vince the other Courts, and Russia in particular, that he con-
siders the Austrian policy erroneous, and of a nature, if pur-
sued, to precipitate Europe into that general war which ►t is
the wish of all to avoid.

" That in place of allowing the Chancellor of the Court
and State to flatter himself that he will become the President
of his proposed Congress, and that there he will dictate the
law, he must be disabused of these illusions, cured of these
extravagant and unreasonable pretensions ; and that then
the Duke will have extinguished the principal cause of the
discord, division, and mistrust, that keeps Europe in a state cf
agitation.

" I added, that the return of the Trench and English Ambas-
sadors to Constantinople at this moment, far from rendering
the Sultan more prudent, would augment his pride, and flatter
his hopes so much the more, that Prince Metternich would net
fail to represent this incident as the triumph of the Austi c-
Turkish system, and therein see more reason for persisting in
it. I then came to the conclusion that it was at Vienna that the
Duke ought to make his ascendancy and bon esprit be felt in
an authoritative and decided manner, and that this preliminary
step was indispensable to facilitate the extension of his in-
fluence and just consideration elsewhere.'
" The Prince de Polignac not being prepared, by the know-
ledge he already had of the sentiments of the King and his
Ministers, to raise any objections to the language which I ad-
dressed to him, appeared to avow its justness and propriety, and
said to me that, on his return to London, he would set himself
to make the dangers of the Austrian policy appreciated."
The world is sufficiently acquainted with Di BortGo, s
triumph. Either from a pitiful apprehension of being
thought subservient to Austria, or from some cause
equally futile, the Duke of WELLINGTON suffered the
time for delivering Turkey out of the grasp of Russia
to pass over in a state of in-ibecile inaction. Turkey
fell, and so prepared the way for the prostration of
Poland.

We have the whole of the Paris Papers of Tues-
day. They contain no domestic intelligence of the
least importance. Letters of the 20th ult., from
Vienna, stated that as soon as the troops of Austria,
Prussia, and Russia had entered the city of Cracow,
orders were given for the seizure of all Poles included
in the proscription, with a view to their immediate
banishment to America. The Brussels Papers re-
ceived this morning speak of a strong remonstrance of
the Governments of France and England, against the
occupation of Cracow. But this is evidently a mis-
take, as on Tuesday evening Lord PALMERSTON, 111
answer to a question from Sir STRATFORD CAN-
NING, professed himself ignorant of what had taken
place in Cracow. France and England, on all
questions of foreign policy, resemble the Irish-
man' racer—they come up to the winning-post,
driving all before them. They ought to see well
what is passing in the world of diplomacy, for they
allow all to take precedence of them.. Before they
have made up their mind as to which side they ought
to take the battle is over, and the belligerents have
retired from the field, after concluding treaties in which
both parties agree to insult and trample upon the loi-
terers. Lord PALMERSTON admitted that he had no
doubt of the entrance of the Austrian army into Cra-
cow / What did his Lordship do ?—is a question
which many simple people might be inclined to ask
upon hearing such an admission. Such inquisitive
people are beneath the notice of statesmen, and such
questions, to speak Ministerially, are " ill-timed,"
not to say highly impertinent. But as we sympathize
with such folk, we will answer the question. His
Lordship did nothing ; because his knowledge of the
act was not official ! A fig for national ho-
n Our, say the diplomatists, if it can only be
maintained at the expense of official etiquette I