The Sun.
London, England, 1831-07-25 00:00:00

DUTCH PAPERS.

THE HAGUE, JULY 21.—The following is the letter
which the Conference at London sent to our Government,
with the IS articles, containing preliminaries of a treaty
of peace between Holland and Belgium:—

"TO HIS EXCELLENCY THE BARON VERSTOLE VAN

SOELEN, MINISTER FOP FOREIGN AFFAIRS AT TUE

HAGUE.

" SIR,—We have commissioned Baron Von Wessen-
berg to deliver this letter to your Excellency.
" Placed in a most difficult situation, and inspired with a
desire—which your Excellency will doubtless appreciate—
to put an end to the negotiations in which we are engaged,
without risking the preservation of the peace of Europe,
we have resolved to try whether a new series of proposals
might not lead to a final arrangement, which is the object
of our endeavours and our wishes. The reasons which
have induced us to make these proposals and to submit
them to the King and his Ministers, have appeared to us
of such importance, that we have judged it necessary to
send one cf our nnmber in person to explain them to the
King and his Ministers. Our choice has fallen on M.
Von Wessenberg, on account of the favour with which
the King I,as honoured him, and we shall be highly
obliged to your Excellency to procpre him the means to
develope to his Majesty the important considerations to
which we have yielded, and which we hope the King in
his wisdom, justice, and friendship for the Powers, will
not hesitate to take into his consider ttion, and the object
of which is to reconcile, as far as is in their power, his
Majesty's right and interest with the preservation of the
general peace.
" We take this opportunity of offering to you, Sir, the
assurance of our esteem.

" London, June 27, 1831.
(Signed) " ESTERHAZY, " BULOW,
" WESSENBERG, " LIEVEN,
TALLEYRAND, " MATUSZEWICZ."
" PALMERSTON,

It has been positively affirmed that his Majesty has re-
fused to accept the 18 articles, and that his Excellency the
Minister for Foreign Affairs has sent to the conference at
London an answer to the preliminaries contained in the
articles. This report has been fully confirmed by the
Stoats Courant of to-day, which contains, in the French
and Dutch languages, the answer of the Dutch Govern-
ment,---a state paper which is equally distinguished by the
soundness of the reasoning, and the beauty of the style. It
is as follows :

• TO THEIR EXCELLENCIES THE PLENIPOTENTIARIES OF

AUSTRIA, FRANCE, GREAT BRITAIN, PRUSSIA, AND

RUSSIA, ASSEMBLED IN CONFERENCE AT LONDON.

" Baron Von Wessenberg has delivered to me the letter
which your Excellency has done him the honour of ad-
dressing to me, unler the date of June 27.
" This letter was accompanied by a new series of pro-
posals comprised in IS articles, which are meant to serve
as preliminarits to a treaty of peace between Holland and
Belgium.
" The King, to whom I hast-ned to make this commu-
nication knots n, having examined it as well as the consi-
derations submitted to his Majesty by Baron Von Wes-
senberg, anti having weighed them with all the calmness
and deliberation that the importance of the subject
demands, has ordered tne to return the following answer :
" The Appendix A to the 12th protocol, since the time
of the assent of his Majesty, and in connexion with the
11th and 12th protocols, of which this Appendix contains
the result or summary, having become the unalterable
basis of the negotiations, his Maj sty's first care was to
compare that appendix with the IS articles now proposed
as preliminat ies of a treaty of peace between Holland and
Belgium. Flom this comparison it appears that there is
a riry essentisi difference between the basis of the separa-
tion adopted by the King and the IS articles, and that all
the changes which the conference now proposes to make
in those bases are to the advantage of Belgium and the pre-
judice of Holland. A short development will suffice to
prove both these facts.
" The second article of the Appendix A expressly ex-
elude from the Belgian territory the Grand Duchy of
Luxeltaburg, ' which the Princes of the House of Nassau
possess by virture of a different title, and which makes. and
shall continue to make, a part of the German Confedera-
tion ;' the proposed articles leaving the right of the Grand
Duke doubtful or silent in respect to this exclusion, in
which not only the House of Nassau, but Holland, is in-
terested, whose military defence is powerfully seconded by
the support which the sovereignty of the House of Nassau
or Luxemburg gives it., but would he weakened by the
union of the Grand Duchy with Belgium.

" Nay more, in the third article of the proposed preli-
minaries the five Powers announce that they will employ
their good offices to maintain the status quo in the Grand
Duchy during the course of the separate negotiation which
the Sovereign of Belgium will open with the King of the
Netherlands, and with the German Confederation, respect-
ing the Grand Duchy. Now this status quo is an essential
grievance, the redress of which his Majesty has long since
•
required.
" With respect to the unhindered intercourse of the for-
tress of Luxemburg with Germany, as the maintenance of
it belongs exclusively to the German Confederation, the
King as Grand Duke would be wanting in his duties to-
wards the Confederation if he recognised in this respect the
rumieteney of any foreign Power, Besides, if the Bel-
gians did not accede to Appendix A, the third article of
she preliminaries is at variance with the note :ant on the
17th of July, by tie Conference, to the King's Plsnipo-
tentiaries, in which it is said that the Five Powers would
not propose to the parties interested the exchange
(or barter') of the Grand Duchy till the Belgians shall
Accede to the liaais of the separation laid down by the Con-
ference, and already assented to by his Majesiy, It is '
true, according to the same note, the arrangement for se-
curing the possession of the Grand Duchy to Belgium
shall tie made with mutual consent; that possession shall
not be had but for a reasonable indemnity ; these princi-
ples are those of the Fire Powers, and will always remain
so ; they by no means fetter the revolutions of the King!
far from violating his rights, they respect them, and only
tender in return for equivalents what his Majesty judges
acceptable, and on the basis of reciprocal advantaees to
snake arrangements, the only object of which should be to
confirm the duration of peace.
" It is again true that such an exchange (in barter)
wherein it may be brought forward, exclusively appertains
to the King and to the German Confederation,--a prin-
ciple unequivocally expressed by the two roost powerful
States, and other members of it. But these cons;tle:ations
do not do away with the fact that ,krt. 2 and 3 of the pie-
linsinaries contain an essential alteration to the prejudice
of his Majesty.
" Of Appendix A, the abandonment of Article 0, of
the Appendix, seems again to have decided the question
in favour of Belgium. It was reserved in.it whether it
might be possible to extend to the neighbouring coun-
tries the benefit of the neutrality pronounced to Belgium--
a reserve that seems to be applicable to Luxembourg, but
which seems to have been thought unnecessary in the new
articles, in consequence of the proposed union of the Grand
Duchy with Belgium.
" The 4th Article of the preliminaries is new.
sovereigntyi
ther-
e'n the
town of Maestricht by the republic of the Unt
lands in 1790. If these doubts were well founded, which
cannot be acknowledged, the cirrumstance would prove

nothing to Belgium, which has no more right than Hol-
land to the Bishopric of Liege.
" According to Article 4, Appendix A, such exchanges
and arrangements between the two countries shall be
made by the law of the five Powers, that they shall secure
the reciprocal advantage of a connected territory and an
unimpeded intercourse between the town and places in-
cluded within the frontiers. Now as Belgium has some
enclaves in the ancient territory of the United Province,

it was evidently advantageous to Holland. The prelimi-
naries, however, merely speaking of amicable negotiations
between Holland and Belgium, for the advantage of both,
no mention is made of a continuous territory, of unim-
peded intercourse, or of the obligations of the five Powers
to obtain arrangements which shall secure these advan-
tages to both countries. . . . .

" The 6th Article of the preliminaries is not in Appen-

dix A.

" It says—' The reciprocal evacuation of the towns and
places shall be made independently of the arrangements re-
lative to the exchanges.' Now this evacuation before all is
settled would dep.ive Holland of the chief security that it
possesses against a country in a state of revolution, to see
that which shall be determined carried into effect. This
security is confirmed to Holland by the Conference itself,
which in Appendix A to protocol No. 10, declared to the
persons holding power in Belgium, that if the Belgic
troops had not returned on the 20th Janaary to the posi-
tions whirls they occupied on the 21st of November, tl e
citadel of Antwerp should not be evacuated, and it is
proved that on the 20th of January the Belgic troops had
not returned to those positions.
" According to the 7th Article of the preliminaries, the
right of Belgium to partake in the navigation of the Rhine
along the inland waters between that river and the Scheldt
shall be the subject of a particular negociation between the
parties interested, in which the Five Powers will employ
their good offices. It is important to observe how impos-
sible it is to accept this proposal, which is not mentioned
in Appendix A. Indeed, however ready the King is im-
mediately to enter into negociations to regulate the free
' navigation of the Scheldt, according to the act of the
Congress at Vienna, his Majesty cannot accept in these
negociations the good offices of other Powers, especially
when they are themselves parties interested in the point
to be decided. This consideration too nearly affects his
Majesty's dignity, the independence of Holland, and the
respect which Powers have for the independence of all
nations, to be silent any longer.
" The use of the Dutch canals is free to all notions ;
the same is the case in Belgium. A special agreement,
which should declare the use of the canal front Ghent to
Terneuee, and of the Zuid, Willems Vaart, common to the
inhabitants of both countries, would be a deviation from
the general principle.
" The Bth Article of the preliminaries passes over in
silence Article 5 of Appendix A, according to which the
five Courts, in case there should be any difference between
the Commissioners 'appointed to fix the frontier line,
which could not be amicably adjusted, should employ-
their intervention to remove those differences in such a
manner as should be most conformable to the principles of
the separation. A simple refusal on the part of the Bel-
gian Commissioners would therefore have been sufficient
to atop every thing.
" The 9th Article,' thought nearly similar to the 6th of
Appendix A., is not so precise with respect to the exclu-
sion of the Grand Duchy of Luxemburg, which is not
mentioned in Article 2.
" The 12th and 13th Articles are instead of the nine last
Articles of Appendix A respecting the partition of the debt.
They are wholly incomplete, and lay down a very different
basis, by which the indemnification and the manifold sacri-
fices of Holland appear to have been lost sight of. The
Hague is no longer mentioned as the place for the meeting
of the Commissioners. No more is said of the interven-
tion of the Five Powers in case of differences that cannot
be amicably adjusted, to arrange them in a manner con-
formable to the determination already made,—an omission
which will give the Belgian Commissioners an opportunity
to avoid all arrangements. According to Article 13, the
first business of the united Commissioners for liquidating
the debt shall be to determine the share which the Belgians
are to pay provisionally, in expectation of the final settle-
ment, to pay a part of the interest of the debt mentioned
in the preceding article. Article 17 of Appendix A, on
the contrary, makes this payment wholly independent of
the meeting of the Commissioners, by determining that
Belgium shall be bound to pay, provisionally, its share
for discharging the interest, and for the redemption of
the debts of the kingdom of the Netherlands, according
to the proportion of Articles 10 and 11, till the business
of the Commissioners shall be completed. This difference
appears to be very important, since, according to Article 13
of the preliminaries, it will be sufficient for Belgium to de-
lay sending the Commissioners, to defer, at the same time,
the payment of its share of the interest of the debt.
" These important considerations have more weight
when we refer to the principles which guided the Confe.
rence in regulating the debt of tine kingdom of the Nether-
lands, and which are so clearly expressed in the introduc-
tion to the protocol of the 27th of January. Among the
considerations to come to a division of the debt, there were
undoubtedly points which depended only on the option of
Belgium ; and in this view Holland had not joined in the
denomination of " proposals" given to the second division
of the principles of separation any violation of its rights,
and the less so as the 18th Article secured to Holland finally
and by virtue of the mediation of the five Courts in the
sense most conformable to the decisions laid down in the
act of separation ; but what gave Holland a security, and
by which his Majesty was particularly induced to accede,
not only to the basis of separation as far as the frontiers
was concerned, but also to the arrangements which were
proposed' for the partition of the debt, was the assurance
that the future Sovereign of Belgium,' as the conclusion
of the 12th protocol expresses it, 'should be ob'iged to
accede to the arrangements contained in that protocol ;'
that is to say, those which relate to the division of the
debt. How, then, after these facts, can the King be now
satisfied with an arrangement which shall exclude the debts
that Holland has encurred, solely as a consequence of the
union, and the value of the sacrifices which Holland has
made to obtain it, and thus accept an agreement which,
far from fulfilling the just expectations of its faithful sub-
jects, would expose their property to a severe shock ?
" Article 15 supposes a fact which does not exist in
Holland, where no person's property has been sequestrated
in consequence of the Belgian insurrection. By accept-
ing this new article we should acknowledge ourselves
guilty of an injustice which the Belgian Government
alone had committed. The new article is besides defective,
and when it is compared to Article 14 of the Appendix,
it is almost doubtful whether the patrimonial property
and domains of the House of Orange are not to be ex-
cluded from the removal of the sequestration.
" Your Excellencies will allow me to close this parallel
with a general observation, that is applicable to several
essential articles of the proposed preliminaries : it is, that
instead of the precision and clearness of the Appendix A,
we here find indefinite and vague phraseology, which is
doubly dangerous when arrangements are to be made, not
with a Government established upon firm foundations, but
with a country in a state of revolution, whose neutrality
being once recognised, may hinder the recourse to arms,
in case a reasonable declaration respecting disputed points
should be evaded, and in respect to which the Five
Powers are contented, in Article 17, with offering their
good offices, if they should be required by the parties in-
terested, without engaging, and without expressing, whe-
ther these good offices will be given at the desire of one of
the two parties, and without positively declaring, as in
Appendix A, that they will interpose with their mediation
to settle disputed points in the manner roost conform-
able to the principles laid down i❑ that appendix. Thus,
very far from furnishing any data whatever for the
division of the debt, the frontiers, and other objects which
most La regulated, the preliminaries give, on the con-
trary, means to B:lgium to throw every thing into con-
fusion by partial interpretations. The discussion to which
these preliminaries have already given occasion in Brus-
sels have but too fully confirmed this truth, and the
language held by him who in fact directs the foreign affairs
of Belgium, sufficiently proves what Holland would have
Ito expect from the assent to his Majesty to the proposed
preliminaries. The developments and declarations into
which he entered are the more remarkable, as it is he who
by his situation has neces.arily directed the negotiations
and endeavours of the Belgian Commissioners at London,
and must be considered as acquainted with all the cir-
cumstances. Besides these observations on the spirit of
these articles, it must be observed, that the new form
which Las been chosen of preliminaries of a treaty of peace
contains an implied determination of the point of sovereignty,
which was left untouched in the 12th Protocol and its Ap.
pendix A, in which only the separation is treated of. But
even on the supposition that the King should agree that
the solution of this important question should be laid in
the scale of the arrangement between Holland and Bel-
gium, his Majesty would never assent to this without
reasonable equivalents—that is to say, upon conditions
which the rights, the good cause, and the interests of Hol-
land require.

" While in these considerations the proposed articles
have caused his Majesty a painful feeling, he has observe.]
with co less sorrow the course which the negociations
have taken.

" When the spread of the insurrection rendered the sup-
port of tl.e King's allies necessary, his Alsjesty, conform-

ably to treaties, called for their co-operation in the resto-
ration of legal order. Theugh the congress at London
united in this object, yet, instead of attempting to attaiu
it as he had entertained the hope, it soon took an opposite
course in consequence of the result of the rebellion.
However, it expressly declared, that proceeding on the
principle of the separation of Holland and Belgium, the in-
terests of the first country should be respected and main-
tained. In its 12th protocol it laid down the principles for
the separation of Belgium and Holland. Notwithstanding
important motives for not accepting these principhs, the
King did agree to them, with a view of restoring, with-
out delay, the external security of Holland, and to gua-
rantee to it the continuance of the internal tranquillity
which the Belgians are expressly required to respect by
Art. 7 of Appendix A. Belgium took another course :
it continued to adduce new and untenable demands,
evaded the proposed arrangement, and proceeded to behave
to the conference in a manner unprecedented in the annals
of diplomacy.
" This state of things having continued for some months,
the King saw himself obliged to urge the performance of
the obligation taken on itself by the conference,—namely,
to compel Belgium to act upon the principles laid down
for the separation. The conference fixed the Ist of June
for the acceptance by the authorities in Belgium. This
time and the first days of the present month having passed
without result, the conference intimated to the King's
Plenipotentiaries, in a note of the 7th of June, that ac.
carding to accounts received from Brussels the day before,
the Belgians had not placed themselves with respect to the
five Powers, by accepting the principles of separation, in
the same position as the King had done by accepting
them ; that Lord Ponsonby was positively recalled, and
that General Belliard was ordered by the
King of France
to leave Brussels as soon as Lord Ponsonby should have
departed, and that the conference was employed in consi-
dering of such measures as the engagements which the five
Powers have entered into with the King may require."
" Such was the state of things on the 7th of June, and
his Majesty's Government continued to make preparations
to unite its own means with those of the five Powers to
attain the desired object, till it heard that the Conference,
instead of taking compulsory measures on its part for the
execution of the engagements entered into with the King,
had resolved to follow a wholly different course, and that
yesterday, to the refusal of the Belgians to accede to the
basis determined on, were making a new project of an ar-
rangement quite at variance with the first, extremely in-
jurious to Holland's acknowledged rights, and bearing the
stamp of the successful result of the endeavours made by
the Belgians in London, as well as to the ardent wish to
agree to all proposals in their favour, which might assure
them a favourable reception in Belgium. The eighteen
articles which your Excellencies have done me the honour
to send me, and are represented to both parties as a
project of preliminaries of peace, have confirmed these re-
ports. The unexpected contents of this document have
the more affected his Majesty, as it appears from them
that the Conference has not thought fit to attend to any
of the manifold observations made by the Plenipotentiai ies
of the Netherlands. Most of these articles appear to flow
from an agreement with those who exercise power in
Belgium; but without dwelling on this, it is a fact
that they were communicated at the same time to Hol-
land and Belgium, and that the Cabinet of the Hague
was not first consulted as his Majesty had a right to ex-
pect, considering the position in which he placed himself
with respect to the Conference, by assenting to the basis of
separation,—considering the first object which gave occa-
sion to the meeting of the Plenipotentiaries of the Five
Powers and of the King,—and considering what a legiti-
mate Prince, relying on justice and treaties, has a light to
demand, when it is necessary to appeal to them fur the
support of his person, and of his faithful subjects, against
the aggressions of rebels. However serious the-crisis is in
which a concurrence of afflicting circumstances has placed
Europe, and Holland in particular, the endeavours of the
King, calm amidst the general confusion, will always tend,
by the union of moderation and firmness, to avert the
storm. After the example of the most powerful Sovereign,
be will yield to the necessity of leaving to their fate those
of his subjects who have withdrawn themselves from his
authority, but he will never sacrifice to them the rights of
Holland. A mature examination having convinced the
King that the preliminary articles would sacrifice the
dearest interests of Holland to the insurrection, he cannot
accept them, and he must again demand of the five Powers,
as I have hereby the honour to do in his name, the exe-
cution of the reciprocal engagements between the Powers
and the King with respect to the power by protocols 11
and 12, and with respect to the King by his accession to
the bases of separation which the Conference itself, in its
19th protocol, has declared to be irrevocable.'
.‘ Ever since the commencement of the Belgian revolu-
tion, the King has never ceased to give proofs how much
he desired to co-operate in the maintenance of general
peace ; but his Majesty cannot accede to the principle that
this peace is to be obtained at the expence of the honour
and the prosperity of Holland alone,—a principle at vari-
ance with the sense of his right and his dignity, and with
the interest and solidity of the general peace itself, which,
far from acquiring stability, must be greatly endangered
by sacrificing a nation obedient to the laws and faithful to
its institutions to a people that has broken the bonds of
society, and does not respect the rights of others.
" The King depends too much on the friendship and
enlightened policy of his allies not to flatter himself that
they partake these feelings with him. It would be neces-
sary to Oise! ve here that the preservation of peace in
Europe does not depend on Belgium alone, and that the
necessity in which the King may be placed of endeavour.
ing to seek by arms equitable conditions of separation, may
lead to the crisis which the wise and humane endeavours
of the Five Powers seek to avert.
" With respect to the choice of a Sovereign for Belgium,
the King refers to the declaration of the five Courts, in
the 12th and 19th protocols,—namely, that in the opinion
the sovereign of that country must necessarily answer the
principles of the existence of the country itself, and by his
personal situation must be satisfactory with respect to the
safety of the neighbouring states, and to this end must ac.
cept, without reserve or distinction, the arrangements
laid down in the protocols 11 and 12, and be in a condi-
tion to.secure the peaceful enjoyment of them to the Bel-
gians. In consequence of this declaration, which, by the
King's acceptance of the basis of the separation of the 12th
protocol, has become an engagement with him, his Ma-
jesty, in case a Prince should be called to the sovereignty
of Belgium, and take possession of it without first accepting
the said arrangements, could not but consider such Prince
a', by this fact alone, placed in a state of hostility with
him, and his enemy.
" I take this opportunity of requesting your Excellencies
to accept the assurance of my respect.
(Signed) " VEII.TOLK VAN SOELEN."
" The Hague, July 12."
—Dutch Papers, July 22.
BERLIN, JULY 18. —The successful passage of tlieYistula
by the Russians is confirmed. The passage, however, did
not take place at Plosk, but much lower down, almost
close to the Prussian frontiers, from which place it seems
that the troops have again proceeded along the left bank,
and are thus marching directly towards Warsaw. This
is to be inferred from the following report which our State
Gazette gives from the Polish frontiers, under date of the
15th of July.

" Accounts from Sluczewo, dattd yesterday, announce
that the corps of Lieutenant-General Van Pahlen, con-
sisting.of 20,000 snen with 81 pieces of cannon, began to
pass the Vistula, in the night of the 13th, in the direction
of Raziouzek.
" It seems that the Russian troops met with no resis-
tance on the left bank of the Vistula, and have therefore
already penetrated as far as Wrozlon eck. The passage of
the other Russian troops will take place, as the bridge
is ready, as soon as the corps have concentrated them-
selves.

" Field-Marshal Paskewitach, with several officers of
his staff, arrived on the 14th, at the point were the passage
was to be effected, in order to give directions on the sub-
, ject to the Commanders of the corps."
According to the Warsaw accounts, which are to the
14th, it was already known that the Russians had left
Plosk, and were approaching the Prussian frontiers ; but
some papers ascribe this to the cholera, which almost im-
mediately on the arrival of the Russians broke out at Plosk
with such violence, that at the desire, or with the consent
of the Russian commanders, physicians had been required
from Warsaw, and three had in fact gone thither.
The Polish State Gazette of the 13th seems, however,
to be better informed, as it says, that the enemy perhaps
intends to pass the liver at Nienania. On this supposi-
tion, which has been confirmed by the event, the Seat,
Gazette (of Warsaw) gives the following report :---
" After the Russians had left Plosk, and assembled
their whole force in the district of Lipno, our corps fol-
lowed them, and approached the villages of Biezein and
Mlawa, and on the way intercepted Cossacks with baggage.
At Pultusk we took a considerable portion of Russian
corn, and a coach with four fine horses belonging to Count
Paskewitsch. Among the four officers of the guards who
were taken prisoners by the subaltern officer Cz :ykowski,
is the young Prince Chowansky. He offered the old
officer 200 ducats to let him go, but he refused the money
and kept his prisoner."
From the Warsaw Gazette of the following day it ap-
pears that our Commander-in-Chief must have been in-
formed of the enemy's intention to cross the river at Niez-

gama : it says—" The Commander-in-Chief has ac-
quainted the National Government that the Russian army
is assembling opposite Niesama, and is preparing to cross
the Vistula. He declared at the same time that as it is
impossible to hinder the enemy from passing the river at
that point, it is necessary to take in time every precau-
tion at Warsaw, and that every inhabitant who is nit
able to lay in provisions for six weeks must be ordered to
quit the city. I\lany persons, however, still pretend
that the manceuvre of the Russian army is a mere demon-
stration, and that the bold step of Field-Marshal Paske-
witsch, in exposing his whole line of communication, and
bringing his main force to the left bank of the Vistula, is
a cover for other plans. Be that as it may, the actual po-
sition of our army renders such a plan almost impossible.
The important position of Modlin, where our General-in-
Chief still has his head-quarters, enables him quickly to
bring his force to that side of the river where it is most
necessary, and to watch all the motions of the enemy, and
act accordingly.
" We hear that the division of General Muhlberg and
the cavalry of General Turno, follow the enemy closely as
they approach the Prussian frontiers, and take many pri-
soners, in their rapid march."
The same Paper says, that the Russian Generals Rudiger
and Rosen have united opposite to the Polish right wing.

Our (the Prussian) State Gazette says nothing of
Gielgutl.
AMSTERDAM, JULY 22.—Actual Debt, 2 per Cent.,
36i to 364; Amort Syndic, 4.3- per Cents, 57-;,t to 58:3-;
Ditm, per Cent., 48 to 48,k. Exchange on London,
11 97 5-10ths to 11 95 ; two months, 11 92 5-10ths.
Dutch Papers, July 23.

OPENING OE THE FRENCH CHAMBERS.

THE KING'S SPEECH.

(Front the Messager des Chambres, dated Sunday.)
CHAMBER OF DEPUTIES.—ROYAL SITTING.

As early as eight o'clock in the morning the crowd
assembled round the Chamber, the doors of which were
not opened till noon. The two first rows of the reserved
galleries were occupied by elegantly dressed ladies, the gen-
tlemen were seated behind.

The hall was fitted up in the same manner as for the
Royal Sitting in 1830. On the right and left of the
throne, which was erected in the place of the President's
bureau, were seated the Dukes of Orleans and Nemours.—
Below the throne, to the right and left, were the seats of
the Ministers, and immediately below them the Marshals
of France. The seats of the Peers were but scantily occu-
pied. We remarked MM. De Broglie, De Cases, Pas-
quier, Roy, Portal, the Duke De Choiseul, Semonville,
Talaru, &c. &c. The left side, allotted to the Deputies,
was entirely filled, Messrs. Lafayette, Guizot, Dupin,
Lafitte, Royer-Collard, Mauguin, Ch. De Remusat, Thiel s
Viennet, and a great many other Deputies took their
usual seats.

A great number of strange faces was observed on all the
benches. Among the new Deputies we particularly re-
marked Messrs. Arajo, Farfrede, Merilhou, &c. &c.
At one o'clock a salute of artillery announced the arrival
of the King ; the Deputation went to meet him.
The Queen, accompanied by her children and Madame
Adelaide, was introduced into the gallery reserved for her,
near that of the Diplomatic Body.
Immediately afterwards the King, dressed in the uniform
of the National Guard, entered, preceded by the Deputa-
tions of the two Chambers, and followed by a numerous
staff. Cries of " Vive le Roi !" rose in the Hall. His
Majesty having uncovered, took his place on.the Throne,
having on his right band the Duke of Orleans, in the uni-
form of a Colonel of Hussars; and the Duke of Nemours,
in that of a Colonel of Lancers.

The King, still uncovered, said to the Peers and Depu-
ties :—" Gentlemen, be seated ;" he then put on his hat,
and delivered the following Speech in a firm voice:—
" Messieurs Peers and Deputies,—l am happy to be
among you in this place; here France has received my
oaths. Deeply impressed with the duties which they im-
pose upon me, I shall always rest upon the national will,
of which you are the constitutional organs; and I expect
from you that frank and entire cooperation which must
give to my Government the strength, without which it
cannot answer the expectation of the nation.
" I said, gentlemen, that the Charter would be a truth ;
what I have said has been accomplished. The Charter is
the Constitutional Monarchy, with all its conditions loyally
maintained, with all its consequences frankly accepted.
—(Lively applause.) It is true, that by the uniform
actiun of all the powers of the State, we should put an
end to those prolonged agitations which feed the criminal
hopes of those who dream of the return of the late dynasty,
or of those who still dream of the chimera of a republic.
Divided respecting the object, they agree in the will to
overturn, no matter at what price, the political order
founded by the revolution of July. Their efforts will be
disconcerted or punished.—(Fresh applause, and cries of
" Vive le Roi.")
" In calling me to the throne, France desired that the
Royal authority should be national. It did not desire that
it should be feeble. A Government without strength
cannot suit a great nation.

" I have just taken a tour through France. The testi-
monies of affection which I have received in these journeys
have deeply affected my heart. Its wishes are present to
my mind : you will assist me in fulfilling them.
Ifaicyteiotuhastatetoenmfipatencto.enfoinuntdheedfuantudrer:
" Order will be protected--liberty guaranteed—every
eiw'rehsischl'alonTehcuasnwreilsitorere-
the confidence of the country.
" It is to attain this end—to consolidate more and
more the Constitutional Monarchy, that I have caused the
several projects of law to be prepared which will be laid
before you.
" In that which has for its object the decision of a great
constitutional question reserved by the Charter for the ex-
amination of the Chambers, you will, I hope, perceive that
I always seek to make our institutions harmonise with the
interests and the wishes of the nation, enlightened by expe-
rience, and matured by time.
" You will also have to examine, conformably to the
promises of the Charter, the projects of law destined to
complete the departmental and municipal organization, to
determine the responsibility of Ministers, and of the other
agents of Government, and to regulate the liberty of in-
struction.
" Other projects of law—on the recruiting of the army,
on the penal code, on the finances, and divers public in-
terests—will also be laid before you. I acknowledge the
whole extent of the distresses which the present commer-
cial crisis causes the nation to suffer. 1 am afflicted at
them, and admire the courage with which they are sup-
ported. I hope they are approaching to their close, and
that the consolidation of order will soon produce the se-
curity necessary- for the circulation of capital, and will re-
store to our commerce and manufactures that activity,
which, under a Government always guided by the na-
tional interests, can never be interrupted except for a mo-
ment.
" The situation of our finances is satisfactory; if our
wants are great, abundant resources are prepared to provide

for them. -
" The budgets for the service of 1831 and 1832 will be
bpereesnenmteaddstoinyotuhe
early
yrailn btrhanecshee"sioonf. theßeaddumcitnioisntsrathioanve.
They would be more important if the increase of our
means of defence, and the development of our military
force, hail not hitherto imposed on us great sacrifices.
" I shall hasten to diminish the burden of them as
soon as I shall have acquired the certainty of being able
to do so without risking the dignity and safety of France.
" This certainty depends on a general disarming.
France desires it—the Governments of Europe feel the ne-
cessity of it—the interest of all requires it.—(Bravo.)
" I have the satisfaction to announce to you already,
that I have not had occasion to employ all the resources
which the Chambers had placed at my disposal.
" Since the Revolution of July, France has resumed in
Europe the rank which belongs to her, and henceforth no-
thing can deprive her of it.—(Bravo.)
" Never was her independence better guaranteed. Our
national guards, who are equal to our army—our armies,
the worthy depositories of the inheritance of. our ancient
glory, would defend that independence as they have lately
protected internal peace and liberty. I have only to con-
gratulate myself on the friendly relations which Foreign
Governments maintain with mine.
" It was our duty to seek to draw closer the natural and
ancient bonds of friendship which unite France and the
United States of North America. A treaty has just put
an end to disputes which have been too long carried on be-
tween two countries connected by so many recollections
and sympathies.
" Other treaties have been concluded with the republics
of Mexico arid Hayti.
" All these acts will be communicated to you as soon
as they shall be ratified, in order that the financial stipu-
lations which they contained may be submitted to you for
your inspection.
" I have given orders to increase the number of vessels
employed to insure the execution of the law passed in the
last Session, for the effectual suppression of the Negro
Slave Trade.
" Conformably to my demands, the troops of the Em-
peror of Austria have evacuated the Roman States. A
real amnesty—the abolition of confiscation—important
changes in the administrative and judicial system ; u
are the ameliorations which, being secured to thew states,

make us hope that their tranquillity will not be again dis-
turbed—that the balance of Europe will be strengthened
by the maintenance of their independence.
44 The Kingdom of the Netherlands as constituted by
the Treaties of 1814 and 1815 ILaa ceased to exist. The
independence of Belgium, and its separation from Holland,
have been recognised by the Great Powers. The King
of the Belgians will not be a Member of the German
Confederation. The fortresses erected to threaten France,
and not to protect Belgium, will be demolished. A
neutrality recognised by Europe, and the friendship of
France, ensure to our neighbours an independence of
which we have been the first support.—(Lively applauses.)
" The Power which governs in Portugal had insulted
French subjects—it had disregarded; with respect to them
the rights of justice and of humanity ; to obt Lin reparation,
demanded in vain, our ships of war have appeared before
the Tagus. I have just received the news that they have
forced the entrance. The satisfaction hitherto refused has
been offered to us. The Portuguese men of war are ir
our power, and the tri-coloured flag flies on the walls of
Lisbon.—(Bravo, bravo! Vive le Roil)
" A sanguinary and inveterate struggle is prolonged in
Poland. This struggle causes lively emotion in the midst
of Europe. I have exerted myself to hasten the termina-
tion of it. After having offered my mediation, I have
invited that of the great Powers. I have desired to stop
the effusion of blood, to preserve the South of Europe from
the scourge which war propagates, and, above all, to secure
to Poland, whose courage has revived the ancient affec-
tions of France, that nationality which has resisted time
and its vicissitudes.

" You will, doubtless, judge that in these difficult nego-
tiations, the true interests of France—the interests of its
prosperity, of its power, and of its honour, have been de-
fended with perseverance and dignity. Europe is now
convinced of the rectitude of our intentions, and of the
sincerity of our wishes for the maintenance of peace; it is
also convinced of our strength, and it knows how we should
support a war if we were driven to it by unjust aggressions.
" It is by persisting in the system of policy hitherto
pursued that we shall succeed in securing and in making
our country enjoy the benefits of the Revolution, which
has secured its liberties ; and to preserve it from new com-
motions, which would endanger, at the same time, its own
existence, and the civ,lizatio❑ of the world.
" We are on the eve, Gentlemen, of great anniversa-
ries. I shall see you with satisfaction join me in their
solemnities. May these serious and affecting commemo-
rations awaken sentiments of union and concord, which,
a year ago, alone decided the triumph, the remembrance f
which they celebrate."
After the reading of this speech, the Keeper of the Seals
read the oath. The Minister of the Interior called over
the list of the Members, and each Member, after his name
was read, said, " I swear it."

(From the French Papers of Friday.)

" PARIS, JULY 22.—Yesterday evening the Russian
Ambassador and the Envoy of Switzerland had the
honour of an audience of his Majesty.
" To-day his Majesty gave a private audience to General
Belliard.

" At two o'clock the Kicg presided in the Council of
Ministers.

" His Majesty the King of Wurtemberg, after having
had an interview at Strasburg with Louis Philip, again left
Stutgard, to visit his sister-in-law, the Grand Duchess of
Weimar, el-ltr sister of the Emperor Nicholas, with whom
that Princess has great influence. The King of Woe-
temberg's visit, if we may believe a journal, is chiefly
with a view to persuade his sister-in-law to support the
proposals made to the Czar by France and England for the
arrangement of the affairs of Poland.
" We have before us a letter from Turin, announcing
the departure of the King of Sardinia to Genoa. The
same letter says that the Duchess of Berry has quitted that
city and gone to Tuscany.
" Captain G. Pasquier, commanding the Clementine,
which arrived at Havre on the lSth, has brought news
from the Havannah of the 12th of June.
" An insurrection, of which the authorities received in-
formation a few hours before the moment chosen for the
execution of it, was to break out on St. Ferdinaras day.
The object of the plot, formed by negroes, was the destruc-
tion of the whites. The black conspirators had fixed on
the moment when almost the whole white population was
to go out of the city, to see the ascent of a balloon. The
Governor being informed of the project of the negroes, im-
mediately caused all the important posts to be occupied by
picquets of troops. The fete passed over without accident.
Thirty blacks, who were suspected, had been arrested in
the morning, and one of them, attempting to escape from
the guard-house, was k'lled by a musket-shot. This is the
only person who has lost his life in consequence of this
conspiracy. Every thing returned after this to its usual
course, and many persons now think that time danger was
not so great as the Government would have it believed, in
order to obtain credit for activity, which the Spanish Go-
vernment never fails to recompense.

" No French ship appeared at the Havannah during
the SI days that the Clementine stopped there, but on her
departure she met the Ceres French corvette, and a brig
of war on the point of sailing.
" The .Moniteur publishes the letter of the King to the
Duke de Choiseul, President of the Committee for the
children of the combatants of July. It is as follows :
" ' The King has read with much pleasure the letter
you have addressed to him. His Majesty heartily ap-
proves of the idea of a national subscription in favour of
the children of the combatants of July, and has resolved
to contribute at first 6,000 france, which will be willingly
paid to the Treasurer of the Committee.
" The Queen, desiring to participate in this good
work, has assigned a sum of 2,000 francs for herself and
her younger children. Her Majesty orders me to inform
you of it.

" I have the honour, &c.,
" The Cabinet Secretary, OUDARD.
" ' Palais Royal, July 20.'
FRENCH FUNDS.-PARIS, JULY 22.-Five per Cents., S6f. 90c.
85c. 9ilc. 87f. 86f. 90c. 80c. 85c. 80c. S6l 75c. 60c. 50c. 55c. 60c.
6.5 c. 60c. 50c. thic. 86f. 50c. 55c. 60c. 55c. 75c. 85c. 80c. 75c. 70c.
86f. SOC. 55c. 60c.-Emprunt, 87E-Rente 71f.-Three per Cents.,
56f. 75c. 9ec. 57f. 56f. 90c. 80c. 75c. 80c. 60c. 56f. 50c. 60c. 55e.
tiOc. 50c. 55c. 50e. 45c. 40c. 56f. 45c. 50c. 75c. 65c. 60c. 65c.-Bank
Actions, 1.560f-Rente de Naples. 67f. 20c. 30c. 50c. 20c. 67E--
Route d'Espagne, 12%--Royal Spanish Loan, SO ,74 %.-Rente
Perpetuelle d'Espagne, 48(95.7 % 14 48 % %
tain Loan, 055f-Exchaoge on London, one month, paper, 25f.
10c. ; three months, money, 24f. 95c.-Cours Authentique, July 22.
FRENCH FUNDS.-PARIS, JULY 23.-Five per Cents., 86f. 50c.
85c. 90c. 87f. 10c. 15c. 20c. 15c. :lie. 87f. S(if. 85c. 90c. 87f. 86f. 95c.
87f. 87f. 10c. 87f. 87f. 10c. 15c. 25c. 15c. 20c. 87f. ; Loan of IK3I,
87f. 9.5 c. 87f.; Four per Cents., 71f. ; Three per Cents., 56f. 80c
85c. 57f 15c. 561. 80c. 60c. 70c. 80c. 57f. 57f. 10c. 57f. 57f. sc. 56i
95c. ; Bank Stock, 1,560 f. ; Rente de Naples, 67f. 25c. 50e. 60,'
50c. ; Rente d'Espagne, 12 1.2!•,; ; Royal Spanish Loan, 62.% :
Rente Perpetuelle d'Espagne, 485 4 48 48% 47%. Exchange
on London, one month, paper, 23f. 10c. ; three months,.money,
24f. 95c.-Cours Authentique.

ALLISON'S FIRST LESSONS IN GEOGRAPHY.
—The Fourth Edition of a little work with this title, by
Miss M. A. ALLISON, price Ninepence, for the Use of
the Nursery and Junior Classes in Schools, has been some
time before the public, and may be had of any Bookseller.
Under so simple a title, this little work gives much infor-
mation, arranged in short and easy lessons, and written in
a style peculiarly adapted to the infant mind : embracing
a clear and distinct account of the boundaries of each
kingdom and state, the principal towns, the number of
inhabitants, the manufactures, and the natural productions.

The following story gives a lively idea of the
Russian rule of Poland :—A Jew met a Cossack in the
forest ; the latter robbed bins of his horse. On returning
to the town, he lodged a complaint with the Major in com-
mand, who was (with what truth we shall see) reputed to
be a most rigorous disciplinarian. The Cossacks were
paraded, the robber was pointed out, when with the utmost
effrontery he declared that he had found the horse.—
" How" replied the Jew, " I was on his back." " Yes,"
retorted the Cossack, " I found you too ; but having no
use for a Jew, I did not keep you." The excuse was
deemed sufficient, and the Jew lost his steed.

EMIGRATION.—By the following statement
it will he seen that emigration to Canada is increasing on
a scale much larger than is generally supposed. •In the
year 1828 there arrived in Canada, from different parts of
Great Britain, 12,000 settlers ; in 1529, 15,945 emigrants
landed ; in 1830 the number of settlers who arrived a,
Quebec and other parts of Canada was 28,075, while the
arrivals from England, Ireland, and Scotland, up to the
18th of June of the present year, were not less than
28,141 persons. It was expected that before the season
closed, upwards of 50,000 settlers would be landed in the
colony.

During POLIGNACS Ministry, TALLEY-
RA ND went to see one of his nieces; " Eh biexi ! uncle,"
said the lady, " holy do you find yourself in that arm
chair, which I have had expressly stuffed in a peculiar
manner for myself?"—" Not too well, my child, your
arm chair is like the Minister, it makes one lift (shrug)
the shoulders."—Somebody told him, shortly after the
restoration, that be was blamed by many for having set
the example of defection in 1814. "Eh 1 mon .Dieu
said he, " that only proves one thing, which is, that my
watch went faster than the others, for every body was
l'heure."—At the end of a discussion with MIRABEAU,
who had said to him—" Je cal: vous enfermer dans ?lb
cercle vicieux"—“ Comment! est ce que vous auriez
envie de m'embrasser 2" instantly retorted TALLEYRA ND: I