The Sun.
London, England, 1849-08-27 00:00:00

ttmll Wbition

THE BERMONDSEY MURDER
(THIS DAY.)

ADJOURNED INQUEST.
(Continued from our Afternoon Edition.)
William Dine, the clerk in the cloak-room at the Lon.
don-bridge station, said—About a week back I delivered
two boxes to Inspector Haynes. I do not know anything
about them, except that they were taken from a lady or,
the 13th of August, between one and three
o'clock in the afternoon. Upon depositing
the boxes I gave her a corresponding number
to this (the witness produced a piece of paper bearing
the No. 456). This was placed on one box, and a simi-
lar ticket was placed on the other.
Mr. Richard John Moxey was next examined—l am
superintendent of the Edinburgh city police,
and I live in Parliament-square, Edinburgh. In
consequence of information I received I proceeded
on the forenoon of Tuesday along with one of
our officers, and Mr. Dobson, a stock-broker, to
25, Haddington-place, Leith-walk, Edinburgh. I called
at the lodging house of Mrs. Hewitt, and asked for
Mrs. Smith, and was shown into a room where I found
a female reading a newspaper, the Times of the 28th.
I said, " Mrs. Smith I presume ?" She rose
up politely and said " Yes." I said, " I beg
your pardon, madam, but if you are Mrs. Smith you
are not the lady I want. Are you a married lady ?" She
said, " Yes." I said, " Where does your hu3band reside?"
and she replied that he was dead. I then said, " Have
you been long in town?" She said, " A few days—l
cause to town on Tuesday or Wednesday." In reply to
another question, she said she could refer to no one who
knew her except Mrs. Shaw over the way, who recom-
mended her to the lodgings. I asked her where she came
&Ala, and she said from Newcastle, and at she came
for the benefit of her health. She spoke of having bathed
at Portobello, a watering-place three miles from Edin-
burgh. I spoke to her about her finances, and asked her
it she had any scrip for sale. She said " What do
you mean by scrip?" I said "Have you any
r4ilway shares for sale ?" She said she had.
I asked her if she had offered any for sale,
and she said she had not. I then said, "My im-
pression is that you are the wife of Frederick George
Alarming," at the same time asking Mr. Dobson, who
was outside the door, to come in, and he did ;
and, in answer to a question of mine, she admitted
that she was the lady who had offered some
scrip for sale. I then said, I wish to see your luggage;
she made no objection, and the luggage was produced.
It consisted of a carpet-bag, a trunk, and a box; they
were locked, at least that was my impression, and she

produced to me a bunch of keys. - The box was opener;
with one of the keys. It contained chiefly women's wear-
ing apparel and some papers. Among the first things I
saw was a bill, headed "F. G. Manning, Taunton,"
thus showing at once who the party was. My suspi
cions being confirmed, I closed up the box, and turning
to Mrs. Manning said, I am superintendent of police,
and I charge you with being concerned in the murder
of Patrick O'Connor, but you are not bound to
answer any questions or say anything. I cautioned her
in the usual way. She denied generally that she had
anything to do with the crime with which she was
charged. I said she would have to go with me,
and I again asked her if she had any scrip. She
said she had, but that it belonged to her.
She said it was in the large trunk. I unlocked
it and found lyirg very near the top the scrip described
iu the printed advertisements which I had received.
There was, besides other scrip in the Sambre and Meuse
Railway Company, from 26,523 to 26,532, both inclusive.
I also found what I believe to be a Spanish bond,
No. 3,600. I found in the same trunk a rec.
purse, containing seventy-three sovereigns, one 501.
Bank of England note (11,037, Nov. 9, 1848); also six
10/. notes, five of which are dated June 11, 1849, aed

numbered respectively, 67,372, 67,373, 67,374, 67:375
and 67,376; and the other is dated Nov. 4, 1848
No. 78,378. There is another 51. note, dated July 30,
1849, and numbered 20,051. You will find the sum, I
think, altogether 1801. The purse also contained a gold
ring, and a railway ticket of the London and North
Western Railway, with the name of Smith
upon it, which appears to be for excess of luggage. I
think it is dated the 14th of August. I then removed
her with all the luggage, and locked the door of her
apartments. At the station I caused her to be searched
by two females, and all she had upon her was given
to me. Those females are not present. The articles
upon her were a gold chain, a watch, a key, a clasp,
a brooch with a woman and a child painted upon it, and
another Scotch pebble brooch, some thread and a
thimble; another small purse, containing 31.; six penny
postage stamps, and some other things. I then caused
her to be locked up, and telegraphed with Inspector
Haynes. In the course of the evening I went to see if she
was comfortable, and she said she wanted more bedding,
or something of that sort. I asked her where her hus-
band was, and she said she did not know. She then
make a voluntary statement to this effect:—" I left town
suddenly; I came off on Monday when he was out
(meaning her husband); I have left him as I have
done before. I was afraid of my life; he has
maltreated me for a long time past; his threats gene
rally were that he would cut off my head, and he has
pursued me with a knife." All of this she said she could
prove by the servants who lived with her at Taunton.
She then said that she left her house on Monday, that
she left two boxes at the London- bridge terminus,
the ticket of which I would find in her
purse ; that she had come on to Easton-
square ; that she had slept in the neighbourhood
of Euston square all night and started the following
morning by the train for Newcastle ; that on reaching
Newcastle she went to a coffee-house accompanied by
two female passengers—lrish women I understood her—
and that they slept there all night; and that she came
on to Edinburgh on the Wednesday. I may state, since
I came ta town .1 showed all these things to the deceased's
landlady, but I don't think she has recognised any. In
the small box, in a green purse, I found
an extract from a register, dated 27th of May,
1847, of the marriage of Frederick George
Manning and Maria De Roux. There has been no mi-
nute examination of the articles to see whether any name
or marks were upon them. On the following day she
was taken before the magistrates. She made no commu-
nication to me: further than what I have already stated.
(Another gold (Geneva) watch, a mosaic chain, and
several other articles were produced by the witness).
Mr. Stevens, stockbroker, carrying on business at the
R iyal Exchange, said—l had known Mr. Patrick
O'Connor about three years, simply in the way of bu-
siness. I bought the Sambre and Meuse scrip produced,
which passed through my hands and bear my initials,
which I delivered to Mr. O'Connor on the 6th of Aug.
inst. They are the advertised shares. They commence
at 6,460 and end at 6,469, inclusive.
Mr. Moxey produced these shares, also those in the
Amiens and Boulogne Railway.
Mr. Stevens identified them botb. The Amiens and
Boulogne were numbered from 48 665 to 48,6Z1, and he
delivered them to the deceased on the 11 th of May.
They might, however, have been purchased by
twenty persons since. On the Ist of August a
female came to nay shop in !the Royal Ex-
change, and asked me a variety of questions, stating
that she had been recommended by Mr. Patrick O'Con-
nor, and that she had about 2001. which she wished to
invsst in foreign securities. I asked her to give ber
name and address; she wrote on a slip of paper, Maria
Manning, and said she would call again. I have
never seen her since. I thii.k I should know her
again; she was rather a fine, stout looking woman.
There was another female waiting outside. I
don't think I should know her without
her bonnet. She said she wished to get some kind of
stock or shares which were nut registered, and which she
might sell unknown to her husband. This created a
suspicion in my mind.
Mr. Moxey stated that in the course of his
conversation with Mrs. Manning she said she
had some money which her husband wished
to get from her ; that she refused to
give it up, and that this gave rise to the quarrel
between them; that she applied to Mr. O'Connor on thE
sohjvct, and that in consequence of a conversation be-
tween him and her, she called upon a stockbroker, whose
name I think she said wss Stevens, and that a part of
the scrip I found in her possession had been purchased
by Mr. O'Connor for her. She did not say what part;
ut 1 think she said that the Spanish bond was Lund by
her husband.
The jury then adjourned for refreshments.
After the return of the jury, the landlady of the de-
ceased was called, when our report left.

A FFA IRS of FRAN CE and ROME.
REPORT OF THE FRENCH COUNCIL OF STATE
ON THE CONDUCT OF M. DE LESoRPS Al
ROME.

--- -
The jioniteur publishes the following on the affair
of M. de Lesseps :—" Art. 99 of the Constitution de-
clares :—‘ The National Assembly and the President
of the Republic may in any case order an examination
into the acts of any functionary, except the President
of the Republic, by the Council of State, whose report
shall be " The following report, adopted
by the Council of State in its sittings of the 6th and
Bth of August, is published in execution of the above
rtiole

" Monsieur le President,—ln execution of Art. 99 o!
the Constitution, you have referred to the Council of
Stite. the examination of the acts of M. do Lessep:
relative
to the mission confided to him in Italy. [The
report here recapitulates the circumstances which
preceded tie appointment of M. de Lesseps, and then
s'Y,:] —The twofold object of the mission of M. de
LessPpa
anla'irrosht, to removo frcin the States of the
Church the tdae.h desolates them.' M. ch
Lesseps, although charged to enter into arrangeinint.
with the men invested poser'wwithhic,h at this moment, mus,
abstain from anything would make them believe
that we co.asider them as a regularthe tioverntent,
them a moan force of which or lend
destitute. He can only enter into partial
lhltherto been
with them.' In the second place, the Mlsa4iin)ag.:Ell6.lll,
1 tendsow to
' prevent the re•estahlishment of a regular P
Rome from being compromised in tho future by aej es
reaction. In preventing the development of the intvr-
vention eivrcib(d by other powers animated with less
moiera'e sentiments 4, a larger place must be preserved
f cir our especial and direct influence. On the other hand
must be avoided every word, every stipulation of a na
ture to excite the susceptibilities of the Holy See and (Iv
the conference at Gaeta, which are too much disposed to
believe that we are inclined to think too lightly of the Court
of Rome. To attain these results, it is prescribed to the
envoy to act in concert with AIM, d'Harcourt and de
Rayneval on every subject of any gravity, on every thing
which i
shall not require an absolutely immediate solu-
tion.' Theseinstructions ware formal. If they do not

enter into all the details of what M. de Lesseps might do,
they clearly point out what he was to avoid. To com-
plete them, the instructions addressed to our ministers
at Gaeta were forwarded to M. de Lesseps on the fol-
lowing day. He knew, besides, that the Government
was always resolved to have recourse to arms if the at-
tempts at arrangement should be without success. A
telegraphic dispatch, addressed on the 10th of May to
General Oudinot, was also communicated to M. de Les-
seps. This dispatch terminated as followsi--' Endea-
vour to enter Rome in accord with the inhabitants, or if
youare forced to attack let it be with the most positive
chances of success.' To endeavour to enter Rome with
the eonsent of the inhabitants, without recogni▪
sing the
Roman authorities, without inspiring uneasiness in the
Court of Gaeta, and without bringing its rights in ques-
tion; to foresee the eventuality of an attack, and not to
compromise the chances, such was the object of the
mission of M. de Lesseps. No uncertainty can exist on
this head; the terms of the instructions are formal. The
discussion in the National Assembly of the 7th of May
had nothing to invalidate them. Besides, M. de Lesseps
not in any case avail himself of this di▪
scussion
against the letter of his instructions, which is the sole
basis of the examination into his conduct. The instruc-
tions of an agent of the Government can never be
weakened, extended, or modified, by the aid of foreign
circumstances, or of external comments which are no
part of them. All the rules of hierarchy and responsi-
bility would be confounded if this principle were nut
rigorously followed, and the Council of State would fail
in its duty if it did not observe them with severity. How
has M. de Lesseps conformed to his instructions? This
is what the Council of State has sought to ascertain.
The first act of M. de Lesseps, on his arrival at Rome on
the 16th of May, was to pronounce in accord with Gen.
Oudinot the suspension of hostilities. Ho could not ne-
gotiate without giving a pledge of his pacific intentions.
Our army, however, was impatient to obtain reparation
for the surprise of the 30th of April. The season of
fever was approaching and menaced our cantonments;
the Austrians were marching; the Neapolitan troops
had crossed the frontier, and a Spanish expedition was
announced. It was necessary, therefore, that the sus-
pension of hostilities should not extend beyond the
period necessary for the negotiation, and that it should
cease as soon as a pacific solution could no longer be
hoped for. It is not apparent that M. de Lesseps was
sufficiently penetrated with this necessity. In fact, on
the 19th of May, after a first attempt at arrangement,
followed by a refusal on the part of the Triumvirs, M.
de Lesseps and General Oudinot thought themselves
authorised to sign a declaration of rupture. M. de
Lesseps, instead of notifying it immediately, waited
three days, and then, on his own responsibility, added a
promise to notify the resumption of hostilities eight
days beforehand. He thus substituted an indefinite de-.
lay to a fixed term, and opened to the temporisations of
the Romans a career they hastened to follow. It was
only ten days after, on the 29th, that he lent himself to
a new ultimatum; he thus lost in useless measures a time
which was every day becoming more precious. In
when on the 31st May he signed the treaty, which will
be spoken of hereafter, he again consented to a last d. e-
, lay of a fortnight after the non-ratification. Thus, in-
stead of urging forward the solution, he deferred it; in-
stead of hastening the moment when our army should
have freedom of action, he retarded it. He hoped to
come to an arrangement, promises were made him which
he believed, his confidence was excessive; there is no
circumstance to cause suspicion of his intentions; but
the event has proved that he neither formed a just opi-
nion of the state of affairs nor of the men with whom
he had to treat. It is to the character and the nature
of the negotiations themselves that the attention of the
Council of State has been principally directed in its
examination. On his arrival at Rome, when M. de
Lesseps had fresh in his mind his instructions, the con-
versations which he had bad in France with the Minis-
ters, and the impressions of the sitting of the National
Assembly of the 7th May, he showed himself, in form
at least, faithful to his instructions. He soon struck
against the shoals which he was ordered to avoid; the
more his mission aas prolonged the more he appeared
to forget his instructions; once departed from the line
traced out for him, he every day removed himself more
and more from it. One deviation led to another; all his
pre-occupations were centered in Rome, and his thoughts
were never turned either to the Government of which

he was the agent, or on Gaeta, the negotiations with
which he was to facilitate. We are authorised to con-
clude that it was not to bring back his instructions to
their original object that he successively modified his
conduct, and that it was at Rome itself that he was lee,
away by influences which he was not able to resist. The
examination of the Council of State proves that M. de
Lesseps acted against his instructions in their principal
points. 1. He did not confine himself to treat with the
Roman authorities as the de facto power, but he lent
himself to acts which gave them the moral force which
he was ordered not to give them. 2. He put himself
in formal opposition to M. d'Harcourt and M. de Rayne.
val on the most fundamental questions, when his instruc •
tions ordered him to concert with them on every serious
point. In fine, he was only authorised to make partial ar-
rangements; the general and definitive solution of the af-

fairi of Rome was not placed in his hands; he had only
to concern himself with what related to the entry into
Rome, and the special conventions necessary to secure
that entry. He, however, took the whole question on him-
self, and in the arrangements, he made there is not ono
which does not contain some stipulation foreign to the
defined object of his mission. In the first, he proposed
to maintain a Provisional Government, 'up to the
moment when the Roman people called on to make
known their wishes should declare themselves on the

.orm of government which was to rule them, and on the
guarantees to be made in favour of Catholicism and of
the Papacy.' In the second, he inserted a clause stating
that the Roman people have a right to declare them-
selves freely on the form of government. He added
that the Roman authorities will act according to their
legal attributions.' At a later period, he proposed to
the Triumvirs to declare that, The French Re-
public guaranteed the territory occupied by our
troops against any foreign invasion.' Some of these
stipulations were in conformity to the idea of the French
Government ; but others were directly opposed to them,
and none of them came into the terms of a partial ar-
rangement for they all implied a general solution. The
act by which M. de Lesseps has terminated his mission
is the most reprehensible of all. In form, it was con-
cluded in direct violation of his instructions, not only
without a previous concert established with MM. d'Har-
court and de Rayneval, but against their reiterated pro-
tests, against the express wish of General Oudinot, with
whom M. de Lesseps was bound to keep up intimate and
confidential relations. In matter this treaty, which
reproduces the principal provisions of all the projects,
and adds others, contains stipulations, the perusal of
which would almost suffice to set forth its gravity.
Art. 1 is thus worded:—' The support of France is
assured to the Roman States. They consider the
French army as a friendly army which comes to aid in
the defence of their territory.' This article stipulates
in express terms a defensive alliance. It places the
forces of France at the disposal of the Romans.
This engagement was entered into at the time
when the troops of Austria, Spain, and Naples
were only at some marches distant. Art. 2. In accord
with the Roman Government, and without in any way
mixing itself up in the administration of the country,
the French army will take up exterior cantonments
suited both for the defence of the country and for the
health of the troops; the communications are free.' This
article contains two distinct stipulations: 1, it recognises
the Roman Republic, although not named, in recognising
the Government which represents it, and which stipu-
lates for it, and in maintaining to it the administration
of the country. This recognition was accorded when
the French Government at Paris and Gaeta had pro-
nounced itself, in a sense directly contrary; it exposes
its policy to the reproach of duplicity and treason. 2.
It prevents the French from entering Rome, in reserving
to it cantonments on the outside. The object of the
mission tended to obtain that Rome should open with-
out combat its gates to France. M. de Lesseps was
aware of that; the dispatch of May 10 could not leave
any doubt on the subject. The entrance into Rome
was for the Government, for the maintenance of French
influence in Italy, for our military honour after the
affair of April 30, a necessary condition, and which
our Envoy could not give up in any case or on any
pretext. Art. 3, The French Republic guarantees
against all foreign invasion the territory occupied
by its troops.' This declaration is puerile or insulting
for our army, in stipulating that France will not allow
herself to be expelled from the places which she occupies,
or it involves the question of peace or war. M. de Lesseps
could only give it this last signification, when he pro-
posed it for the first time in his letter of May 24 to the
Triumvirs. He declared that he did not fear to compro-
mise his responsibility and future prospects.' On May
30 he used, in a letter to General Oudinot, a language
which shows that in his ideas war could issue from that
clause. Art. 4. 'lt is understood that the present ar-
rangement is to be submitted to the ratification of the
French Republic.' Art. 5. In no case can the effects
of the present arrangement cease until a fortnight after
the official communication of the non ratification.'
This delay, in adding to it the time necessary for the
reply of the French Government, prolonged about a
month the inactivity of our army. It was accorded at
the moment when our army was about to be exposed to
the heats of a burning summer, when Bologna was
taken, Ancona menaced, and when the foreign inter-
tit ntion, of which M. de Lesseps was charged to prevent
the development, could receive a new activity from the
treaty on which the French Government was about to
be called to pronounce. The Council of State cannot
qualify too severely these conventions. Their smallest
oetect is to have been signed by M. de Lesseps against
his instructions, against the opposition of all those whose
co-operation was imposed on him. Interrogated as to
the motives which had induced him to conclude them,
M. de Lesseps replied that his only object was to prevent
General Oudinot from attacking Rome; that he wished
to have time to learn the definitive resolutions of the
French Government, which always had a right not to
ratify. M. de Lesseps thinks too lightly of a signature
brought by a represcritatiVe of France at the bottom of a
trt aty. Without doubt, the Government has al waysthe
right to refuse its ratification, but suchlih
4, a
ra refusalve
is
resolution which may be attended l%
conse-
quences. The agent who signs a treaty, with the pro-
vision that the ratification will be refused, commits a

in-
sf at
ruul tc
o r nec the° g
ue opflictihtle in y
Go vaedrovamnecnetthdaotnhoits
au-
thorise him. Simply authorised to act with discretion,
he places himself in opposition to the body from which
he holds his mat.date ; he creates difficulties for the
Government which he exposes to the reproach of
weakness or timidity, if the convention calls forth dis-
content out of doors. Such, Monsieur le President, is
the result of the examination of the Council of State.
Two principal facts have been proved by this examina-
tion-1. The absolute opposition between the instruc-
tions of M. de Lesseps, and the application which he
made of them. 2. The signature of a convention the
stipulations of which were contrary to the interests of
France and to her dignity. The Council of State ad-
mits that M. de Lesseps may, in extenuation, bring for.

ward the difficulty of circumstances, the gravity of the
question to be resolved, the devotedness which made
him accept a mission for which he was not prepared and
all the complications of which he had not leisure to
study, and, finally, his good faith, which nothing in the
affair has put in doubt. But in making this allowance for
personal considerations, the Council of State would fail
in its mission, if, in the name of the Government, of
which it is the depository and guardian, it did not pro-
claim aloud the strict duty which is imposed upon all the
servants of the State, to confine themselves to the powers
with which they are invested, to obey scrupulously the
instructions they receive, and the serious responsibility
incurred by those who, representing France abroad, dare
to engage her word against her known will, in arrange-
ments which may compromise her honour and the peace
of the world.
(Signed) " VIVIEN, Reporter.

" BOULAY DE LA MEURTHE, Vice.
President of the Republic."

TATTERSALL'S—THIS EVENING
Six o'CLocK.

LEAMINGTON STAKES.
2 to 1 apt Fernhill—taken
7 to 1 agst Collingwood
10 to 1 agst Sotterley

ST. LEGER.
7 to 4 on Flying Dutchman
8 to 1 agst Uriel
40 to 1 agst Herbert

CESAREWITCH.
40 to 1 agst Peep o' Day Boy
40 to 1 agst Canezou
50 to 1 agst Ellerdale
50 to 1 agst Legerdemain
50 to 1 agst Iron Rail

DERBY.
25 to 1 agst B to Epirote
30 to 1 agst Mildew

RAILROAD ACCIDENT.

At about a quarter past eight o'clock on Thursday
morning, as the early train from Philadelphia to this
city had reached Clarksville, about two miles the
other side of Princeton, a terrible accident occurred,
which has ere this carried mourning into many fa-
milies. The
spot,facts wereas near
theseearas :tArrt theepo larpteroce erowulhdle earn
them on the the
accident occurred there is a turn-out, leading to the
bank of the Delaware and Raritan Canal. For the
turn-out available, there is,
of u r
u sres
e f
when turned in the proper
direction will not interfere with the direct progress of
purpose a
switch,ma king
whhisic th,
the cars, but which, when occasion requires, will lead
the car or cars off the direct track and conduct them
of necessity to the brink of the canal. To guard this
switch, and to prevent accidents, the company employ
a man, who, with his family, live near the spot, and
whose sole business is to see that the switch is kept
in a proper direction. As the cars were passing this
spot yesterday morning the engineer perceived, when
too late to avoid the accident, that the switch was
turned the wrong way, and that the cars were fast
making their way for the canal. The engine was im-
mediately reversed, but the impetus was too great
—the speed being some thirty miles per hour—to
prevent disaster. Shocking to relate, the engine
plunged headlong into the canal, dragging after it the
platform car, on which were the freight and baggage
crates. A tremendous concussion ensued, and
the first and second passenger cars came
in violent contact. To use the expression of a wit-
ness to the terrific scene, they were dovetailed toge-
ther. The scene of horror that ensued may be
imagined, but cannot be definitely described. Both
cars were filled with passengers, and the bodies of
those passengers, of course, interposed between the
cracking and breaking parts of the cars. The engineer
leaped from his perilous position and escaped unhurt;
the forward breakman remained at his post until the
very last moment, when seeing that he could do
nothing to avert the catastrophe, he also leaped o,
and was injured but slightly. off,
and the concussion
had taken place, and the passengers had time to
recover their breath, their ears were assailed by the
most piteous cries of distress and implored aid. The
conductors of the train and the passengers im-
mediately set about the work of release and rescue,
when a shocking picture presented itself to their
view. Here a mangled corpse, there a wounded and
writhing man, and again a helpless woman, shrieking
with agony and covered with blood, met their
view. The work of destruction having had its
sway the work of mercy commenced, and in a com-
paratively short time all the surviving victims of this
unfortunate accident were released from their position
in the cars, and removed to places where their wants
might be attended to and their wounds properly
dressed. On casting about it was found that Mr.
William Conover, of Trenton, superintendent of
repairs on the canal, was killed, as was also an un-
known man, apparently an Irishman, who had taken
passage in the second class cars. These are the only
two persons who were ascertained to have been killed
outright. There was a rumour of an infant having
been crushed, but our reporter could not follow the
rumour to what seemed to him fact. It is believed by
many that the switch was turned the wrong way by
some evil-disposed person, as the wife of the man
whose office it is to attend to it states posi-
tively that she saw the switch at five o'clock
in the morning, and that at that time it was
turned in the right direction. But as the matter
will no doubt be fully and fairly investigated, we will
say nothing about the rumours. Several rumours
in the form of letters and cards have reached us, but
as the facts which we give are from the personal ob-
servations of our reporter, and from the information
given to him by eye-witnesses on the ground at the
time, we shall not give them. An incident occurred
at the time of the accident, which is now told to every
one who listens to the story of the lamentable
affair at Princeton. It is as follows :—As the cars
approached the canal, and when the catastrophe was
beyond all doubt unavoidable, a mother, who had been
seen fondling a beautiful infant, darted from her seat,
and in an instant had tossed the smiling cherub clear
from the cars upon the grass which grew at the road-
side. A thrill of terror, for the moment, seized the
few spectators who witnessed the act of the mother,
fearing that she might have frantically destroyed the
life of her child—but it was otherwise. The
child landed upon the grass and was unhurt, while
the mother was considerably injured, though not
fatally. The chances are, however, that had she re-
tained her hold upon the infant, it would have been
killed.—New York Herald, August 4.

TAX ASSESSORS and COLLECTORS
Taking these individuals as a body, they are an
uneducated, pompous, overbearing set of officials, who,
" dressed in a little brief authority," entirely forget
that their position with regard to the public is servile
instead of authoritative. Their ignorance renders
them totally unfit to be invested with the slightest
power which they are of course at all seeming oppor-
tunities most anxious to display, and to which they
add insolence. It is the manner in which people are
treated by these Jacks in Office that renders taxation
so detestable in the eyes of the public. Govern-
ment should be more careful to select these officers
from the ranks of gentlemen who from misfortune
may be reduced so as to be glad of the post, and
would never forget that natural bearing, which,
moving in good society, and education, makes a
second nature. The public manner in which the 1
income tax is collected is shameful,: and entirely
annihilates that feeling of independence which should
inhabit the breast of an Englishman. When this tax
was instituted the public were assured it would be an
inviolable secret as to each other's affairs. How is
it ? In the first place, from the class of people who
are entrusted with the assessing and collecting,
secresy is absurd—they are too pregnant with
the imaginary importance of their knowledge to ab-
stain from tattling, and the consequence is that people's
affairs are now as public as they were wont to be
private. Papers with the amount are sent to estab-
lishments, not in an envelope, but open for the in-
spection of any one about the place ; and the collec-
tors not unfrequently stalk into a gentleman's office,
no matter who may be present, and ask aloud for the
amount due for income-tax. The appeals, too, are
quite public. How many people who have actually
sustained heavy losses are compelled to pay an income-
tax to avoid exposure, or the inquisitorial curiosity
of a collector or assessor ? These parties, from pique
or a desire to pry into a gentleman's affairs, may
surcharge, which is at once accusing the person with
perjury; for a form has to be signed declaring the
return to be correct. This is far from what ought to
be or what is intended. If a man has suffered losses,
or his profits on a large business are small, why
should he be compelled to submit to interrogations,
and give explanations to a set of public menials ?
Where is the utility of his filling up a declaration if
the belief of his statement is optional ? Every receipt
for this tax should also embody a printed pledge of
secresy, to be signed by the collector who, we repeat, I
should be a gentleman.—Sheffield Times.

BEARIIAVEII (CASTLETOWN), AUG. 24.—The hull of
a timber-laden vessel, bottom up, the keel measuring
sixty-four feet, was towed into this harbour yesterday
afternoon.

ANGLING IN THE NORTH.--liis Grace the Duke of
Sutherland, our sporting readers will be aware, closed
the fishing of his rivers in Sutherlandshire last year in
May, in order to try the effect upon the produce in the
following season. The result bus been a very great in-
crease in the numbers of salmon and grilse this year,
and since the Lammas rains, the pools in the Shin river,
in particular, are teeming with fish. This ought to
encourage the owners in other rivers to imitate occa.
sionally his Grace of Sutherland's example.—Perth
Courier.
Her Majesty may be expected to return to
Osborne-house from Scotland about the 20th of Sep-
tember. Lord John Russell will remain at Balmoral for
a fortnight. Sir George Grey will remain at his seat,
Falloden, until his return to Scotland, whence he will
probably accompany her Majesty on her homeward
journey. Her Majesty and suite will return by land to
London, travelling as last year, by the Caledonian Rail-
way.—Observer.