The Sun.
London, England, 1831-04-12 00:00:00

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TO CORRESPONDENTS.
An .. OLD SUBSCRIBER " will find the article he has sent us in
The Sun of Friday last.

isN ,
iih
*Ali/o

LONDON,
TUESDAY EVENING, APRIL 12, 1831.

The news of the grand Polish victories has
been confirmed to the fullest extent. An official
bulletin of the Commander-in-Chief, the heroic
Count SCRZYNECKI, which is renr,lrkable for
its modesty and the absence of all undue
assumption, details the leading particulars of the
engagements, which in every instance terminated
in a dreadful slaughter of the enemy, and with
comparatively little loss to the I"atriots. This
document, which is dated April 1, states that
the Commander-in-Chief, learning that Marshal
DIEBITSCH 1-"q1 divided his forces, resolved to
pass, with a ,rest body of his troops, to the right
bank of the Vistula. His plans were con-
ceived and executed with consummate skill
and secresv. He first, by way of feint,
despatched General UMINSKI towards Ostro-
le.nka, to keep in check the Russian guards,

who were advancing in that quarter, and
then quitting Warsaw during the night of
the 30th ult., hastened on to Wawer, where he
found General GEISMAR strongly and advan-
tageously posted. From this position he drove
the entire Russian corps, carried, at the point of
the bayonet, all its redoubts and entrenchments,
destroyed one whole regiment, forced another to
lay down its arms, and, in fact, all but anni-
hilated the corps, the shattered remnant of
which retreated in the direction of Minsk, where,
notwithstanding it received numerous fresh rein-
forcements, and was even joined by a large
squadron, under the command of General
ROSEN, it was unable to make any stand, but
abandoned post after post, till scarcely a man
was left with sufficient strength to wield a mus-
ket. By these repeated victories the Poles have
obtained abundance of arms and ammunition, of
which they stood much in need ; and have, be-
sides, given a moral impulse to their cause,
which will be felt throughout every province. Al-
ready Lithuania is in open insurrection, and we
hazard little in predicting that Austrian and
Prussian Poland will not he slow to follow. Even
as it is, we look on the campaign as finished,
and shall be less surprised than delighted, to

hear in a few days that General DtEnrrscx and
his whole army have laid down their arms and
surrendered at discretion.
• On reading the accounts of these successes
on the part of the patriotic Poles, our readers will
do us the justice to remember that we antici-
pated them—though not to the present extent—
from the very first onset. When others were
desponding we were confident ; when the majo-
rity of our contemporaries feared the worst,
we hoped for the best. We grounded our
speculations on the immense, overwhelming
progress that the cause of freedom is daily
making throughout Europe—the world. We
felt convinced that time was only wanting to
enable the Poles to make effectual head against
their oppressors. The moral influence—the
irresistible justice of their cause, would do the
rest. This same line of argument applies with
equal force to every oppressed kingdom in Europe.
No matter what be the obstacles against which
it has to contend ; no matter what be its numeri-
cal or even its physical deficiencies, it has only
to wish to be free, to be so. The events of the
day are in its favour. The enlightened of every
class anu' every nation are its natural, and must
in the end prove, its efficient allies. One country
now fights the battles of another. The distur-
bances in Persia, in the Circassian territories, in
the Baltic provinces of Russia, and even
in the heart of the CZAR'S own domi-
nions, lire hastening forward the period of
Poland's emancipation; who again by her own
glorious exertions, which must of necessity
cramp the energies of Austria and Prussia, is
paving the way for the deliverance of Italy.
As regards the Emperor NICHOLAS, if there
be one despot whose prospects are more hope-
less than those of another, he, we firmly believe,
is that man. Already, he has met with the
chastisement due to his insolent, blood-thirsty, pre-
mature boasting, and has yet to witness (and
this at no remote period) the dismemberment
of his unwieldly, ill-assorted empire. While
last year he was adopting every possible pre-
caution against the spread of the infectious
cholera ; while he was drawing his cordons
sanitares in every direction, to prevent its dis-
semination ; he little thought that at that very
moment an epidemic far more dangerous to
himself
and his brother despots than any
physical disorder, was working its way
silently throughout every province of Europe.
He little thought that this infection—
this taint of Liberalism—caught from the
South, was infecting thousands of his hitherto
untainted satellites;—of such a great, moral visi-
tation, he seems to have had not the slightest
notion, but to have slumbered on, as if the past
through all eternity, was to be the sole guide for
the future. He is now awaking from his dream
but too late. The contagion has spread, and
has already attained such a height that no de-
spotic means can stop it. Not all the military
physicians, from WELLINGTON to DIEBITSCII,
with their violent remedies and profuse blood-
letting, can arrest its progress for an instant.

It can
,only be allayed by.the,cornbined,. healing
'nfluence of justice and humanity.

The following are extracts from Germs:
Papers received this morning :

P OLAND.

The Austrian Observer says :—" Letters from Warsaw
mention the failure of the negociations at the Russian
head-quarters on the 20th and 22d, after which a sitting
of the Diet was held on the 23d, of which nothing had
transpired ; only on the following morning it was reported
that all hope of an amicable arrangement appeared to be
at an end. The Polish army was stationed as follows,
viz., one-third in the Vistula above Warsaw, one-thin
below, and the other third in the vicinity of the capital
General Uminsky had left Warsaw with six or eight
thousand men in the direction of Modlin. Accounts from,.
Cracow, of the 27th, say that the celebrated Julian Niem
ciewitz bad arrived there from Warsaw. He is said to
have declared that he had resolved, at his advanced age
(seventy-nine years), to leave for ever the theatre of war,
the events which had plunged his country into such great
misfortunes, and to end his days in Cracow."
The Warsaw Gazette, of the 27th of March, gives,
in a supplement, a seditious proclamation, (which
appears to be a manifest forgery) said to he addressed to
the Russians by General Jermoloff, now 73 years of age,
from Samarad (Query?), and to have been found on the
person of a Russian Officer, wearing the Order of St.
Andrew, who was killed in a late battle.

VIENNA, MARCH 3l.—Letters from Warsaw say that
the Governor has declared that city in a state of siege.—
Division, of light troops were distributed along the Vis-
tula, to watch the movements of the Russians. It is pro-
bable that there will be a decisive battle near Warsaw, as
soon as the Russians have crossed the Vistula. General
Dwernicki, who was pursued by three divisions of Rus.
sin cavalry, reported to have extricated himself from
this embarrassment by skilful marches, . and has returned
to the left bank of the Vistula.

Count Wolinski, Chief of the Polish General Staff, has
left Vienna, and gone to General Chlopieki, at Cracow.
The Prussian General, Von Roder, who came here on an
extraordinary mission, has had his first audience of the
Emperor, and will soon return to Berlin. Count Ribeau-
pierre, wbo arrived some time ago from Naples, will not
yet leave us.
MUNICH, itiwxcx 3l.—The Government deserves the
warmest gratitude of the nation for announcing the inten-
tion of submitting to the Chamber a law by which the pro-
ceedings of the Court of Justice are to be open to the
public, and the pleadings to be oral, instead of the endless
mass of writings hitherto required.. This fact proves that
the Government is sincerely desirous of maintaining the
Constitutional principles, and that notwithstanding any
mistaken grounds it cannot entertain a design of purposely
infringing the Constitutional rights of the people, or vio-
lating the Constitution.

VIENNA, MARCH 31. APRIL I.
Four per Cents 7O 70
Bank Shares

We have received further accounts from Mar-
tinique to the 17th February, which contain ad=
ditional intelligence respecting the insurrection
there. On the 13th a revolt broke out among
the negroes, who fired the town, a part of which
was reduced to ashes. A large number of slaves
had been arrested, and many shot.. The follow-
ing decree had been issued :