The Sun.
London, England, 1849-09-01 00:00:00

SWITZERLAND.

The Executive Council of Berne has proposed to
the Federative Council to adopt the following decree :
" 1. To declare, in the name of the Confederation, the
capitulations with the King of Naples to be anulled.
2. To relieve from their oaths tho troops who have
capitulated.
" 3. To provide these troops the necessary funds to
return to their country. .

4. To deprive of their public rights all who shall
continue in foreign service under the federal banner."

ITALY.

A letter from Rome of the 21st, says—
" Relations of the most friendly and sympathetic kind
are becoming more firmly established every day between
the French and the Romans. This friendly disposition
on the pert of the public mind in Rome has been more
particularly remarked since the French authorities as-
sumed an almost threatening attitude in presence of the
excesses of clerical reaction. It is right to add that,
being now perfectly enlightened as to the kindness of a
government of priests, for within the last few days
they have seen its work, our officers are indignant at the
idea that an intelligent population could have been sub-
jected to a regime so brutalising, and loudly express
their opinion on the subject. So that if they have been
at first pampered by those for whose benefit the expedi-
tion appears to have been undertaken, it is now the true
Roman population who welcome them, and that it is
good b point out. The relations between the French
authorities and that established by the Pope are at this
moment very cool, and it appears that the negotiations
which are going on at Gaeta tend to take a turn which
may defeat many calculations. The Pope will not make
any concessions, but he will, it is said, go to Bologna,
the garrison of which will be composed of Austrians,
Neapolitans, and Spaniards. Besides, it is evident that,
with his pretensions, Pius IX. cannot reside on any point
whatever of the Roman states if he is not guarded by a
strong garrison of foreign troops. That is a sorrowful
condition for a Sovereign. Orders had been given to
prepare everything for the return of part of the French
army to France, but there has been a counter-order since
given. There are a number of sick in the expeditionary
army. Several hospitals have been established at Rome,
which are already full. M. Edgar Ney, orderly officer
of the President, has arrived on a private mission to
General Oudinot. In the present state of things no one
can say how long the French occupation of Rome will
continue."
The following is an extract from a letter from
Venice, dated the tad:— -
"At the moonlit lam writing the firing has ceased
on both sides; the crisis is finished. The Republic o'
Venice falls, as it has lived, free from excesses, free from
violence, and without having held out the hand to
anarchy ; it falls overpowered by superior forces, and
under the weight of events which inevitably brought
about its ruin. The men who have directed the defence
are full of the best intentions ; they only wished to re-
establish the ancient independence of their country by
shaking off the yoke of Austria. They never wished to
make an appeal to those impious doctrines which, under
pretence to restoring European society, have already
caused seas of blood to flow in different parts of
Europe. History will be just with regard to them,
and will not confound them with the majority of those
men who for the last eighteen months have been aiming
at the overthrow of Italy and Germany. The Austrians
will enter Venice to-morrow, or the day after; but what
hatred will they there final What prudence must they
nut display! What efforts must they not make to soften
down the re-action which may declare itself as soon as
their eagles deploy on the square of St. Mark. The
army which has besieged Venice does not appear to be
intended to occupy the city. Alarmed at the exaspera-
tion which prevails amongst them against the Venetian
people, General Gorskowski has sent for fresh troops
from Trieste, which have been for some time kept in rea-
diness to embark, and which troops alone will enter
Venice. This is a politic measure."

RADETSKY has issued a new proclamation at Mant ua,
granting an amnesty for all political offences com-
mitted in 1848 and 1849.

THE BERMONDSEY MURDER.
EXAMINATION OF FREDERICK GEORGE
MANNING, AT THE SOUTHWARK POLICE-

COURT.—(TIIIS DAY.)
It having been announced in the morning papers that
Manning, the supposed murderer of Patrick O'Connor,
had arrived, at ten o'clock last night, from Jersey, an
immense mob of persons congregated about the police-
court, but extra policemen were put on duty to prevent
their entrance. The prisoner arrived at the police-station
at half-past ten, and on being asked his name, he said,
in a firm voice, " Frederick George Manning, town
traveller," and that he resided at No. 3, Minver-place,
Bermondsey. After the charge was booked he under-
went a scrutinous search, and was afterwards
placed in one of the cells with two constables.

Mr. Seeker entered the court a little after
ton o'clock, when the prisoner was brought
from the rear of the court and placed in the felon's
dock. He is a stoutish man, with a long, thick
head, and sandy hair, with small whiskers. His chin is
rather long, and he has a very stupid appearance. He
seemed to feel his awful position, but made no allusion
to the crime.

Mr. Binns, the solicitor of Trinity-street, was retained
by the prisoner, and was in attendance to watch the pro-
ceedings.
As soon as he was placed in the dock Mr. Edwin,
the chief clerk, asked who gave the prisoner in charge.
Inspector Yates stepped forward, and replied that he
charged the prisoner, Frederick George Manning, with
the murder of Patrick O'Connor at No. 3, Minver-place,
Bermondsey, on the 9th instant. His wife was also
concerned in it.

Mr. SECKER asked whether he knew that O'Connor
was murdered. He replied that he saw the body and
perceived several wounds in the head. He had also been
shot, and he was confident that he had been murdered.
Mr. SECKER asked whether ho knew that the prisoner
and his wife resided there?

Inspector Yates replied a witness was in attendance
who could answer the question.
William Massey, medical student, said that he knew
the prisoner, Frederick George Manning, as he lodged
in his house, No. 3, Minver-place, Bermondsey. Wit-
ness left him and his wife in the house on the 3d or 4th
of August. He bad frequently seen O'Connor at the
house, and he seemed on familiar terms with Manning
and his wife.

Inspector Yates was re-called and said ho was at the
house on the 17th of August, when he found property
belonging to the prisoner.
Mr. SECKER said that as the prisoner's wife was re-
manded until Thursday next, he should not proceed any
further with the examination. Ile inquired whether the
prisoner wished to ask any questions?
Mr. Binns said he should make no observation' at
present.
The prisoner was then remanded until Thursday next,
and instantly conveyed to the gaol in the van.

FORGERY ON THE BANK OF SIR BENJAMIN HEY-
WOOD.—Manchester is gaining some noteriety in the
annals of crime. While the recent forgery on the Man-
chester and Liverpool district bank is fresh in the recol-
lection of our readers, another fraud of a serious character
upon the much-respected firm of Sir B. Heywood and Co.
has been discovered. The case is simply this :—A young
man named Whitfield, residing in Liverpool, saw an
advertisement for a clerk in the Liverpool Courier,
answered it, and had an interview in consequence with
Robinson, alias Mellor (the principal in the recent for-
geries here). At his request he came to Manchester, and
after some conversation about the situation, he was de
sired to go to Messrs. Heywood's bank and get cash for
a cheque for 8251. 9s. The cheque purpo :led to b© signed
by Mr. W. Burton (who had at thrs time an account
with the bank), and was:drawn in favour of:Messrs. Owen
and Marriott. The money was paid in 50L notes and
specie, and it was not till after some time that the forgery
was detected. Robinson is in custody, and will have to
take his trial for the offence in all probability. The
cheque is supposed to have been written by an accom-
plice named Macauley, who is also in the hands of the
police.
CORK AND PASSAGE RAILWAY.—The directors of
the Cork, Blackrock and Passage Railway have entered
into a contract with Mr. Moore for the building of the
Cork station-house at the eastern side of the Victoria-
road. Application has been made to the Lords of the
Admiralty to prevent this company runningits line along
the water's edge from Toureen to the Victoria Baths.

ONE Y and COMMERCIAL NEWS.
CITY, QUARTER TO THREE.
The s--ilea .r Cotton at Liverpool yesterday werf.
estimated ::.z tr9un 7,000 to 8,000 bales, with an impro,,ii
feeling in the market.—ln;Railway Shares there was
but little business done, and prices had further declined.
The Wink of England weekly return is not so much
in favour of tie presump ion that business wants are
occasioning an increased demand for cash, as there is
an accumulation of deposits, and a reduction of dis-
counts , and circulation. It is known, however, that
owing to the prevalence of cholera, &c., there has been
a general disposition to retire into the country for a
while, and, consequently, that trade except in one or two
speculative articles has been very dull during the last
fortnight. A comparison with the previous week's
statement gives the following results:—
Notes Issued
Increase
Rest

... 27,790,130
• 153,360
... 3,289,552
~, 19,917
... 6,117,532
553,518
▪ 9,536,827
... 136,706
• 1,049,338
45,674
...• 14,308,576
.., 25,699
.. 9,928,590
... 8,663
... 9,339,360
Increase . . ... 582,900
Bullion 14,759,853
Increase 178,057
Active Circulation 18,450,770
Decrease ... 429,540
The foreign exchanges yesterday afternoon were
rather higher on Paris, but a shade lower for bills at 90
days on Antwerp, Hamburgh, and Trieste.
Accounts from Milan state that the August fair was
not largely attended, but that a moderate business was
done in silk.

Decrease ...
Public Deposits ...

Increase ...
Other Deposits ...

Increase

Seven Day and other Bina

Decrease ...
Government Securities
Increase ...
Other Securities ...
Decrease ...
Notes ... ...

The Swedish Government has declared the harbours I
of the west coast of France, to the Spanish frontier in-
clusive, as being "suspected," and vessels arriving hence
will be subjected to quarantine.
An American engineer, Mr. Robinson, had obtained
the exclusive right to construct an electric telegraph
from Gothenburg to Stockholm.
The following bond fide epistle, from a working man
now in California, addressed to a gentleman in London,
by whom he had been befriended, has been placed in the
hands of the Editor of the Banker's Magazine, with per-
mission to publish it. We do this in the words of the
writer, merely correcting his orthography where neces-
sary, because a communication of this kind conveys a
more graphic description of what is really taking place
at the " diggings " than probably any of the newspaper
accounts hitherto published :
"San Francisco, April 8, 1849.
" Sir,—l beg the liberty of writing this letter to yon,
informing you of my progress in life since I had the
honour to be personally addressing you. • Having been
successful in obtaining a passage from Southampton
to New York, I there got into employment
in an iron store, where I was rather unfortunate, having
been laid up five weeks with a sore finger, occasioned by
the piling of railroad iron. I then, when I found myself
able to work, applied to a friend, whogot me a situation
on board the Pacific steamer, which left New York on
the Bth of December, and arrived at San Francisco on
the Ist of April. On arriving at San Francisco we were
informed of the wages of the port, which are for firemen
180 dollars per month; sailors, 100 to 150. Under
these circumstances, the firemen:applied to me to speak to
the captain for the wages of the port, which I did ac-
cordingly, and the said captain would not conde-
scend to augment it one cent., but drew
his ship alongside of the Ohio man-of-war,
saying he would have us ironed and shot if we would
leave. I beg to say my wages was 30 dollars per month,
as bead fireman ; the:others, 25 dollars. On that night
several consulted with me about leaving, when I freely
took the offer ; and when our watch came on I was
called, and lowered a boat, and off to the shore, distance
three miles. Next morning the captain, when he found
us gone, gave it out that he would give the wages of
the other steamers, but they would not rely on his word.
The principal part of the crew deserted, stowed them-
selves with passengers, and disguised themselves, &c.
When once a person will get ashore here, there is no one
to take them aboard again. There are no peace officers
here, and it is with difficulty they can get either
Custom. house or Post-office authority at 150 dollars per
month. Nothing is thought of gold here; 100 dollar
blocks are nothing. I have been offered 8 dollars per
day and board since I came ashore. The wages for
labourers are from 6 to >i dollars a day; for carpenters,
15 to 18; tin-plate workers, 12 dollars per day; every
man is paid well, and there is work for five times as
many. My notions led me, since the first time I heard
of the mines on my arrival in New York, to get to them,
and search my fortune out. I shall explain to you,
in my humble way, a little about the digging, and
habits and ways of the people. There are four
classes: of people here, and at the mines—Americans
Chilians, English, and Caknackers, who belong to the
different islands. Wages are high, provisions very dear,
bread 25 cents. per pound; beef, 12 cents to 18; flannel
shirts, from 3 to 6 dollars, red or blue; picks and
shovels very high, 6 to 8 dollars; butter, 1 dollar to If
per pound; and everything else according. It is sup-
posed there are 20,000 people at the different mines. I
am bound for dry digging this afternoon. I expect to
return in four months wish 3001. sterling. The place I
am going to is Stanish Lea, in the valley of the Sanwa
River. Some hundreds of the American aristocracy

have come out on speculation—colonels, &c., &c.
The people are very honest, nothing is
stolen, only what cheating is done is by
" gambling." There are several who will go and dig for
three months, and come down and gamble every cent of
it. There is not much demand for broad cloth, silks, or
such, for the tasty Yorkers come soon in the same habits
of the natives, rough clothes, &c. Men that you would
give alms to, from their appearance, would have 70,000
dollars of dust or lumps about their person. It sells for
15 to 16 dollars per ounce, generally 16 dollars is the
price of it. Not one meal is to be got in an hotel under
12 dollars. The miners all live in camps. Thera are
several ships stopping here for the want of hands to
take them back; all hands desert a ship when they arrive
here, except they get the wages of the port. The bay of
San Francisco is very fine; for the town, I can't describe
it. There are four or five streets marked out, the
houses here and there. There are some few houses
rather tasty, which belong to the Americans. It is sup-
posed that the English and Americans will join, and
drive the Chilians out of the mines, and plun,ler them.
Others believe that the English and Americans will not
lose time from the digging. Any friend that sends goods
here, let them consist of boots, shoes, picks, shovels,
flannel shirts, monkey-jackets, blankets; anything strong
and coarse, will sell. It is supposed that 2,000 Americans
will arrive here in two months."

The accounts received to-day from the manufacturing
districts are rather less encouraging than ou this day
se'nnight. Messrs. M'Nair, Greeuhow, and Irving write
from Manchester as follows :
" Since the date of our last alternate excitement and
repose may be said to have been the prominent features
of the market. The transactions of the month, though
not equalling those of July in extent, have, however,
been again very extensive. Within the last few days
the market has become very decidedly quieter, accom-
panied with a suspension of all operations admitting of
delay. As regards the prices of certain descriptions of
cloth and twist the tendency is perceptibly downwards."
The exports of silver from London during the week
ending Thursday last were 225,700 ounces, chiefly to
France and Holland, and 480 ounces of gold bars went
also to France.

Tho Funds have rallied a little to-day, one or two money
purchases having been made, and there has been a cessa-
tion of speculative sales. Consols have realised 924 I,
and are now 92i The New Three-and-a-Quarter per
Cents, have been quoted 93# I, and the Three per Cents.
Bank Stock is worth 198 k to 1991. Exchequer-
bills have been at 395. to 425. for the small; and India
Bonds 725. to 755. premium.
The Foreign Securities have further,receded. Spanish
Five per Cents. Stock has been quoted 18i, land the
Three per Cents. 344. Peruvian Deferred Bonds have
been 16 to 161, and Brazilian Small 85 to 863.
Railway Shares are without the least improvement,
but it should be stated that the decline yesterday was
not in reality so great as it appeared, the dividend being
deducted from the price of the North-Western and
several other lines. The York and North Midland are
very heavy to-day, and also the Caledonian, Eastern
Counties, North Stafford, and South-Eastern.

BRITISH FUNDS THIS DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK.
(From the Official List.)

Bank Stock - _ 1991&198%

n per Cent. Reduced Annuities
3 per Cent. Consols Anns
New 314 per Cent. Anns. 93 ys
India Bonds under 1,0001
Bank Stock for Account 198%
Consols for Account ... ...
Exchequer Bills. 114 d. 2d.
March. June.
Small — 39 42 p
PRICE OF FOREIGN FUNDS AT ONE O'CLOCK.
Brazilian Bonds, 5 per Cent —
Ditto Small
Buenos Ayres Bonds, 6 per Cent 52
Portuguese Bonds, 5 per Cent l6 16%
Spanish Bonds, 5 per Cent,l840
Ditto Passive Bonds 3%
Spanish Bonds, 3 per Cent 3434
Dividends on the above payable in London.

BUSINESS DONE IN RAILWAY SHARES AT ONE O'CLOCK
RAILWAYS. PAID. rill, SHABA.
Aberdeen - • •••• to •••••
Ditto, Preference - 64 — to
. .

\ 141132 r., Notting., Boston, &c. 6
and
Gallaway
hi
A.vrsre
1/2

fiQlfast and County Down .. 25 ..
3erks and Hants Extension

(Gt. West. Perpet.s per ct.) 6
Birmingham & OxfordJunct.,
calls duly pd, or with guar. 20
Do., without a guarantee... 20 ...
Birmingham,Wol.,& Dudley,
calls duly pd, or with guar. 10 ... . ..
Do., without a guarantee... 10
Birnsing., Wol., & Stour Val. 131.14 s —
Birkenhead, Lancashire, and
Cheshire Junction
Boston, Stamf., & Birming...7l. 48 — .. ... to
Bristol and Exeter
Do., Thirds
Buckinghamshire 17% to
Caledonian
Ditto, Quarter Shares l2l/2.. ...
Ditto, New 101. Preference 10 ......
Ditto. Clydesdale Junction 50 ...... 13
Ohester and Holyhead 5O ..... 12
Ditto, Preference
, larence. . 7BM — to
Do., let Class, 6 per Cent... 10
Do., 2d Class, 5 per Cent... 10
Do., Gov. Loan, 4 per Cent. 10
Direct London & Portsmouth 5M -