The Sun.
London, England, 1836-11-19 00:00:00

THE MONETARY SYSTEM.

The question whether Bank of England notes be a legal
tender in Ireland is set at rest by the following letter from
the Vice-Treasurer and a Treasury minute, received this
afternoon, just as the Dublin Evening . Post was going to
press ;

VICE-TREASURER'S LETTER.
Vice-Treasurer's Office, Dublin Castle,
15th November, 1836.
Sir-1 am directed by the Chancellor of the Exchequer to
inform you that the Law Officers of the Crown have given it
as their opinion, that Bank of England notes are a legal tender
in Ireland.—l am, Sir, your obedient servant,
J. L E AKE, Vice-Treasurer.
TREASURY, MINUTE.
My Lords, read the opinion of the Law Officers of the
Crown as to whether the Act of the 3d and 4th William IV.,
cap. 98, applies to Ireland and Scotland, so as to make notes
of the Bank of England for Si. and upwards a legal tender
in those countries.
The Law Officers are of opinion that the Act does apply to
Ireland and Scotland, so as to make Bank of England notes
of 5L and upwards a legal tender.
Write to the Bank of Ireland and the Provincial Bank of
Ireland, that my Lords are advised by the Law Officers of the
Crown that the Act does apply to Ireland and Scotland, so as
to make Bank of England notes, of 5/. and upwards, a legal
tender in those countries, and desire they will govern them-
selves accordingly in the receipt and transmission of the revenue.
This minute is dated the 12th November, 1836, and has
been transmitted for the guidance of the Vice-Treasurer.

THE AGRICULTURAL BANK.
(From the Dublin Evening Post.)
It would be foolish to deny that the suspension of pay-
ments by this establishment has caused very considerable
uneasiness, and produced some anxiety, as to the winding_
up of the concern. We should be very cautious in pro-
nouncing an opinion ; and, if we did not feel a conviction
as to the correctness of that which we hold, in regard to
this Bank, most assuredly we should not have ventured, at
the present moment, to state it. It is, in one word, this
—that, ultimately, the Note-holders will be sepured.

THE ASSETS OF THE BANE ARE ;
Bills due in November £130,000
Like in December 200,000
Like in January , ...... 350,000
That is, 680,000/. ; their liabilities arc not quite 400,0001.
No doubt can be entertained as to the value of these
securities. But, to meet contingencies of this kind, the

Agricultural Bank have sundry available securities and
cash, amounting to 130,000/.
We leave out of the question the third instalment of
150,000/. not yet paid. But that it will immediately be
called in, and immediately paid up, there cannot be the re-
motest doubt. In truth, a great mass of the property is
pledged to the Bank. But we have a most creditable fact
with regard to the Agricultural Bank to lay beforb our
readers :—Notwithstanding the suspension of payments in
Dublin—where, after all, none of the notes were, strictly
speaking, payable—the Branch Banks in the country are
all open, and, at present, promptly exchanging their notes
for gold.
Now we have little doubt ; in fact, upon a serious and
deliberate consideration of the affairs of this Company, we
have no doubt that they will speedily be open again in a
few weeks, Some of the partners are now in London,
making arrangements with this view. But when it is re-
membered that the whole amount of their circulation does
not at present exceed 200,0004, there can, we repeat it, be
no reasonable doubt entertained of the result.

Notwithstanding some attempts of explanation which
have reached us, we continue to be of opinion, that the
conduct of the Bank of Ireland was not either friendly or
judicious.
As to the malicious and ignorant paragraph in the Mail,
regarding this and other establishments, the time will spee-
dily come when it can be exhibited in its proper light.
DEATH OF LORD FORBES—COUNTY LONGFORD.—Lord
Forbes is no more. In the course, then, of eighteen
or twenty days we shall have an election of a new Member
for the county of Longford. Mr. Luke White, a Tory,
has taken the field already, and published an address to the
constituency of County Longford.
ORANGE METROPOLITAN CONSERVATIVE SOCIETY.—
The meeting of this confederacy took place yesterday. After
some harangues, the gentlemen dined at Morrison's hotel.
The Freeman states a fact which occurred at this Orange
orgie, that exhibits the kind of loyalty of which Tories
have, from time immemorial, boasted the monopoly. " It is
a fact," the .Freeman states, " which we challenge any man
of truth who attended on the occasion to deny, that the
great majority of the new Orangemen refused to drink the
King's health—that so disgusted were the singers at this
display of disloyalty, that when the ' Glorious Memory'
was toasted, they refused to sing the Boyne Water,' al-
leging that they did not know the words—that the Rev.
Marcus Beresford wrote the words for them, and, even
still, they did not or would not proceed beyond the first
verse. Major Acton presided on the occasion."
ORANGEISM.—The Hon. Randal Plunkett, M.P., has
subscribed 500/. to the funds of the Irish Metropolitan Con-
servative society, and, in addition to this subscription, has
guaranteed the rent and taxes of the Society's house for
three years.
That the snake of faction has been merely scotched, not
killed, is apparent from the following copy from Cork of an
extraordinary summons for the meeting there of Lodge
983 :—" Royal York Lodge. Sir and Brother—You are
requosted to attend a monthly meeting of your Lodge, on
Monday evening, the 14th November, 1836, at the Lodge
Room, at seven o'clock precisely, when the new system will
be given. If it is not your convenience to co-operate with
your brethren in discharginc,' the duty you have undertaken,
please to signify the same by note, either to the Worship-
ful Master or the Secretary, that a false estimate may not
be made of our ability whenever the circumstances of the
moment call for our assistance. By order, W. A. Clifton."
CITY REGISTRY.—The Liberal party have taken nine
days to gain two victories, and still neither is worth claim-
ing. The numbers registered yesterday were—Liberals 12,
Orangemen 9.

FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE.

FRANCE.

PARIS, Nov. 17.—The Eclarieur of Toulon, of the 13th,
says—" The speedy departure of the Perle for the coast of
Italy is announced ; it seems that the Duke of Modena is
resolved to protect a Miguelite expedition, which is to sail
from the ports of Italy, and that orders have been given to
exercise the greatest vigilance on those coasts."
A letter from Oran, of the 9th, gives some details of the
preparations for the expedition against Constantino :—" The
troops were divided into four brigades and a reserve. Jous-
souf Bey set out yesterday with the natives ; General Trezel
moves to-day ; the remainder of the army will follow in two
or three days. About the 18th or 20th we shall be in
Constantina, unless the bad weather, which is now to be
feared, prevents us."

_ .
A new telegraphic dispatch arrived yesterday, announc-
ing that the occupation of Constantina was resolved on.
It was to be effected by a French battalion, 1,000 Turkish
infantry, and four squadrons of Spahis. Pecuniary aid has
also been granted to Joussouf for his establishment : w th
this the expedition will produce good fruit. When tihis
dispatch arrived the Bey was on his way from Guelma (half
way to Constantine.) Captain de Mallure, of the Zouarecs,
was immediately sent to acquaint him with the contents.
On the 3d the Jupiter sailed for Tunis, having on board
M. de Rance, Captain of the Marshal's Staff, Verdure,
a native Sub.-Lieutenant of the regular Spahis, and Ibrahim
Mustapha, a Turkish Kodja. It is thought their mission is
to make some approaches to the Bey of Tunis on the part
of Marshal Clausel. They will be brought back by a steam
boat, and the Jupiter will remain stationed at Tunis till the
end of the campaign.—Journal du Commerce, Nov. 17.
FRENCH FUNDS.—PARIS, Nov. 17.
Five per Cents., 105 f. 90c. 85c. 90c.
Four per Cents., 98f. 50c.
Three per Cents. 79f 15c. 2Cc. 10c.
Bank Actions, 2,300 f. 2,297 f. 50c.
Rente de Naples, 99f. 600.
Roman Five per Cents., 99%.
Spanish Actives, 204 19% 20.
Spanish Passives, 5 /N.
Belgian Loan, Five per Cents, 100% 101.
Portuguese Three per Cents. 35%%.
Haytian Loan, 340 f.
EXCHANGE ON LONDON.
One month, paper, 25f. 25c.; money, 25f. 22%c.
Three months, paper, 25f. --c. ; money, 25f. --c.
—Lours Authentique.

BOURSE, QUARTER TO FOUR.—The Three per Cents. con-
tinued to rise at Tortoni's ; they were done at 791 15c., and
on the Bourse at 79f. 30c. After the close of business they
were offered at 791. 25c. Little or no business was done in the
Spanish Active Stock, which remained between 20 and 20k.
LAST PRICES.—FIVC per Cents., 106 f. loc. ; Three
per Cents., 79f. 30c. ; Five per Cents. Spanish, —; Three
per Cents. Spanish, —; Cortes, —; Coupons, Gueb_
hards, —; Differes, —; New Loan, —; Actives, 20 ; Pas..
sives, 5t ; Ducats, 98 60 ; Romans, 99k ; Pedros, —;
Belgians, 101 ; Dutch, —f. ; Haytians, 340 f. —c. ; Mi-
guels, 14; Brabant Bank, —; Belgian Bank, 26; Con..
tinuation, —c. ; New Diffcres —; Five per Cent. Perpe-
tuelles, —"; Royal Loan, —; Three per Cent. Portuguese, 35g.

SPAIN.

ESTREMADURA PROCLAIMED IN A STATE OF

SIEGE.

The Marquis of Rodil has sent to the Government the
following despatch, dated at his head-quarters at Truxillo
on the sth instant :—" After stopping at Jaraicejo, 1
marched with the division of the Royal Guard for this city,
where I arrived at sunset. I was then separated from the
enemy by a distance of five leagues. It appears from the
information which reached me during the night, and in the
morning, that the rebels are marching with extraordinary
slowness, and without any fixed plan. It is probable, how-
ever, that they will proceed in the direction of San Be-
nito. Conformably with the instructions which I yesterday
despatched, General Alaix, who is in my rear, ought to join
my division by forced marches, or inform me of his arrival
in Alia. Thus the enemy, whether he stays at San Benito
or marches on Merida, will have a choice of many courses
of proceeding. If I attempted, with the division of the
Royal Guard alone, to make him decide on ono of these
courses without having first advantageously disposed of Gen.
Alaix's division, extremely inconvenient consequences
might result, for the enemy, in traversing the country which
he has devastated, has succeeded in accumulating numerous
means of transport, of which he could not fail to take ad-
vantage, and I cannot, besides, go far from the Tagus be-
f9re I get the money and the various articles of which I
stand in need, and the want of which would oblige me to
move with extreme slowness, or to diminish the number of
my disposable forces. In a few days I should be able to
receive these articles, and to dispose advantageously of the
division of General Alaix. Then, as it will be possible to
have my plans executed as I wish, it will only require a
short time, I hope, to terminate this campaign, which has
been paralyzed since its commencement. by a thousand
ordinary and unfortunately inevitable causes. The public
anxiety continually occupies my thoughts. I fully under-
stand the necessity of getting rid of the rebels, in order
that the forces employed in this part of Spain may be en-
gaged in other points. This consideration, and the strong
desire which I have to justify the confidence which is
placed in me, would constitute a sufficient stimulus, if I
did not possess the heart of a true and loyal Spaniard, to
induce me to sacrifice even myself, in order to obtain the
result so much desired by the country. Since I am ani-
mated by such sentiments, there is no need to send me other
and urgent intimations, for they only serve to increase my
inquietude, without producing any good effect ; whilst the
physical means, the only sort I stand in need of, not to
vanquish Gomez, but merely to accelerate that result, are
not supplied me. The truly extraordinary conduct of the
militia of Estremadura, at a moment when its co-operation
had become necessary, and the manifest decline in the pub-
lic spirit, of which I have seen cause to be convinced during
my march, have induced me to regard as indispensable the
provisions of the proclamation of which I enclose a copy.
I trust that this proclamation, and the other measures
which I shall not fail to employ for the same purpose, will
be productive of that fortunate effect which I desire more
than any other person. The following is the proclamation
I allude to :—` Her Majesty the Queen Regent, m the
name of her august daughter, was pleased to confide to
me at a critical moment the direction of the war.
By her decree of the 16th of September last, she was
pleased to confer on me extraordinary powers to term),

nate the war in the mountains of Toledo and Sierra Morena
as speedily as possible. Circumstances, which it is unneces-
sary to repeat, opened the plains of Estremadura to the
rebels, and it is in this territory that is now established
the theatre of operations in the South. The great re-
nown enjoyed by this loyal province in the history of free-
dom caused me to entertain the most brilliant hopes ; but:
whether from the rebels having been unfortunately allow°
to traverse with impunity the country, or whether from too
great an importance being attached to exaggerated rumours,
despair and despondency appear to have stifled the feeling_
of patriotism. I expected to find myself in the centre of
extensive and numerous communications. I reckoned 01
seeing 10,000 bayonets belonging to the National Guae
glitter in support of my division. How different is
.tth_
real state of things ! lam without communications, wihrd
out information, compelled, in spite of myself, to a mise-
rable inaction; and if any endeavour is made to mobilize
the National Guard, the effort is speedily followed by sea°
dalous insurrections, in proof of which I need only refer to
the towns of Jeste and Cabezuela. I should prove unworthy
of the confidence placed in me by her Majesty, if I clic!,
not do all in my power to accelerate the termination 01
the. civil war. Would to God I could effect this t
ject without disturbing the citizens in their with"houses—
recurring to odious and severe measures—without exacting
o
t
efficacious and prompt sacrifices. But it is necessary
cast off all lethargic apathy, and not only to punish, but to
prevent such scandalous scenes as those which passed a,
Jeste and Cabezuela. These sacrifices must be submittea
to, when the physical'*and political existence of the cof
try
depends on victory. For these reasons, and in virtue of Of
powers confided to me by the Royal decree of the 16th °
September, I order that the following provisions shall be
carried into full and complete execution :
" Article 1. The province of Estremadura
in a state of siege. During my stay in the province raY ,au-
thority. shall be alone in vigour, and in my absence the
Captain-General shall enjoy the same powers, until circuin•
stances permit the abrogation of that extraordinary monsure:
mobilized
"2. Every National Guard, liable to be
agreeably to the Royal decree of the 26th of August
must, under penalty of death, present himself withilvi.
hours after the publication of the present bend° to the dv,
General
vision under my immediate orders, or to that of
Alaix, if he belong to the province of Badajos, or to the
that
corps of Brigadier Don Diego Toloso, if he belong to
is declared
of Carceres.
" 3. The National Guards, not liable to roobilizatlo:4
agreeably to the above-mentioned decree, shall preserve
arms and accoutrements, and be held to perform the
tary service required of them, and be subject to tbef
penalties enacted by the military laws against infractions °
the said service.
" 4. The Royal order of September 24, issued by tber
Minister
of the Interior, and the decree of the Cortes °I
April 17, 1821, put in vigour by the Royal decree of the
30th of August last, shall be rigorously enforced.
" 5. All public functionaries, whatever may be their
rank, are held responsible to express to my bead-quarters,
in this
and to the other commanders of the active army
province, all the despatches and confidential advises re"
specting the position or movements of the rebels, as 'asst
delay that may tend to their destruction. The 'e"::
delay will be punished as severely as circumstances r°-'
require ; and the responsibility
depend on the more
less exalted station of each functionary.
" Given •
at my head-quarters at Truxillo, on the sth of
their
November, 1836, at 1 o'clock in the afternoon,

GERMANY.
VIENNA, Nov. B.—The English fleet which, had been
/l
for some time at anchor at Vourla, left that harbour ot"
19th of September.—lts destination was not known.---ilair
burg Papers Nov. 15.

- HAMBURG BORSEN HALLE, Nov. 15.
1; il is. Mogi"'
Austrian Metalliques, 5 per cent.
Ditto ditto 4 per cent.
Ditto ditto 3 per cent.
Ditto Bank Shares 1327 1226,,
Russian 5 per cents. Metal.
Anglo-Russian Loan in,L, 1.02'76
,2
Paper Inscription, 6 per cent —
Russian Inscription, per
and Co., 3d and 4th
Series

Ditto, Certificates
Portuguese Regency Bonds, 5 per cent — --
Ditto, 3 per cent s9l4 32
Dutch 2% rer Cents. -
Ditto 5 per Cents —
Polish Bonds, 3 per cents.
New Tickets 150% Des
Anglo-Danish Loan, 3 per cents 7, .71%
Norwegian Loan of 1834, 4 per cents. -
Spanish, in piastres, 3 per Cents — --
Cortes Loan, 5 per Cent I9V, 19
Greek 4 per cents. 1933, guaranteed by France hU --
EXCHANGES ON LONDON.
HAMBURG, Nov. 15.-13 736 ; two rnontas. 13 5%.
CHRISTIANIA, Nov. s.—Three months, 4 118
ST. PETEESBURGH, Nov. 4.—Three months, 10 25-32.
BREMEN' Noy. Il.—Two months, 5i9.
I.3uni.im,Nov. 52.—Threem4nths, 6.22.
—Hamburg Pavers, Nov. li.

RUSSIA.
PETERSBURG, Nov. s.—We have received the following
news from the Chinese frontiers :—" The troubles whie
broke out in February in the Provinces of Hu-Nan are en'
tirely quelled ; the ringleaders have been taken and Ply
nished as their crimes deserve."

AMERICA.
(From the New York Express of Oct. 09.)
~„ f
THE MONEY-MARKET.—The past week has been
severe pressure upon almost every business man in t“-
community. Encouraged by the hope that the Secretal
of the Treasury would do something to relieve or lessen thh,
pressure, stocks on Monday and Tuesday advanced a litti
The hope, however, of relief from the Treasury Departn3e;
was soon found to be false, and everything, if possible,,le
worse than it was a week since. The rates of interest aid
very high, and confidence materially impaired. Some
our heaviest firms, unable to contend with the storm, bang
been compelled to yield to it, notwithstanding their nleaio
were abundant to meet all their demands. Our ba°,4,,
have been compelled to be more rigid than usual in the
mands ; it having become necessary to square uPiirtill,
accounts, and curtail most of their business.
street for the whole week has been flooded With Lt
best notes in the city at 2,2 i-, and in some cases 3 per C-
a-month. We see no immediate prospect of relief in
money affairs unless it emanates from Washington.
leet
have heard that our rulers intend to punish to the fumig`
extent in their power the whole commercial and liner`i;
tile community for demanding the passage of the Dist'
tion Bill.
EXCHANGE.—For bills on England the closing rus,
for the 24th packets were, as on the few days Prev':°„ce
10n to 108 per cent. The sales were moderate ;
which there has been but little doing, and prices Wit°
variation. Bills on France sf. 25c. to sf. 30c. be
MONEY AND STOCKS.—In another column may est
found our views of the money-market. It will be set,
there has been no alterations to improve the stock-0131%1r
Far worse than ever before seem to be all monied ins`lor
tions ; for money cannot be raised on any stocks at ri to
able rates, by pledging them even with good notes ; at
sell is still worse, for then you must suffer a shave o',:he
least from 10 to 25 per cent. Our stock sales will shoo' 7,
low ebb' of all. It is unnecessary to enumerate tile.
All western stocks seem to suffer the most."

A Council is expected to be held at Brighton li th
day jeit
week, when Parliament will be further prorogued, ancl
stated when it will meet for the dispatch of busin.3o
The Bishop of Carlisle has been staying at SOOloelj
Right Rev. Prelate arrived on Tuesday, Park, the seat of Mrs. Lawrence, where the 14°"'
Archbishop of York, at Bishopsthorpe.y,
UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW.—The Toriesu.
above-named city are rejoicing in what they term tile,,a
action. In other words, having failed in electing TOY qe
Lyndhurst to the rectorate, they have, after an imnie- 0
from a visit to the
struggle, elected Sir Robert Peel—both of vllll3'9'l Ps
doubt, care very little about the matter, as the
already shown by declining some time ago to become 5
candidate. So far from
being a re-action, this
ele-eti•°°
0#
shows numerically a considerable increase of Liberal P-10
ciples in the University. Earl Durham was rejected son/
two years ago in all the four nations, the gross numbers;
students voting for him being 160. At this election
John Campbell was returned by one nation, the Trons'°. •
ana, and within seven votes of carrying the Londoniaroc:
the whole number voting for him being 023, showingt..
actual increase of 63 votes on the Liberal side. 1" 'abe
ample means, were we disposed, to make an expose of the
latter 'la_
miserable shifts resorted to by the Tories in order 4",,c, secuin
this election, and make what in their sapience they esteeog
a re-action. A re-action among five hundred boys, aril°
whom we have shown an increase of Liberal princiPles
• at
As an instance of the respectability of the Tory had the
this University, we may state, that at the meeting ileld ,ha
day before the election for the purpose of nominatin,,
candidates, several of this party, in a state of intosicatio;
made such disorderly interruptions when the Liberal 0
dents were speaking, that a dissolution of the meeting we'a
necessarily resorted to. And further, the persons select d
to announce their man, the pink of this distinguished
classic party, who are dying in love with Sir Robert's sell° .
larship, read aloud from the rostrum "Bobertus Peel, eqin.:
vir admodum illustris et honorabilis." We congratulate
Robert on the chance of his getting a good birth as 6.0
sistant to the Professor of Latin, who is a very admitubl
teacher, no doubt.—Morning Paper.
Mr. Edward Lytton Bulwer contradicts a parasraße,
which appeared originally in the Lincolnshire Ch,ronic%
stating that he is undecided whether he shall star ,d aliftr
for Lincoln. He has no more doubt of stand:tit.; again
Lincoln than he has of sitting for it.
We are informed on good authority, that 'Lieuten_d of
Colonel Dundas has beefi "most honourably"' acquittc
the charges preferred against him by Capta ja Rawlins, of
the same corps.—Bengal Hurlcaru, May

•

: ' "7".'l:t
„,

PJ*O
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(.21,
• _

LONDON,
SATURDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 19, 1836.

The total failure of the attempt recently made to
overthrow the Portuguese Constitution—an attempt
concocted by a few unprincipled, ambitious courtiers,
at the instigation of foreign intriguers—has given rise
to some curious comments on the part of that portion
of the British Press, pre-eminently distinguishedfor its
advocacy of what it pleases to call Conservative prin-
ciples. Foremost among these organs of unadulterated
Toryism stands our fashionable Contemporary the
Morning Post. This journal is a great favourite with
the ladies, in whose tender afflictions it always takes
the liveliest interest. It is therefore not surprising to
find that the delicate nerves of our Contemporary have
received a severe shock, at learning that the base-born
rabble of Portugal were so barbarous as to insist upon
retaining liberties which their SOVEREIGN--a most
iteeomplished, high-minded lady, mark—graciously con-
descended to take from them either by fraud or force.
The strain in which our Contemporary dwells upon the
Ingratitude of these heartless wretches—these sangui-
nary ferocious boors—towards their' tender-hearted,
aristocratic-minded So VEREIGN, would draw tears from
the eyes of—a lady's maid. " Her MAJESTY,"
quoth the Post, in a strain of doleful cadence—cc Her
MAJESTY first took refuge in Belem Castle,
immediately under the guns of our ships cf
'war ; but subsequently she returned to the Palace of
the Necessidades, to weep out the sorrows of her youth,
land to deplore the hard fate which has given her so in-
azncere an ally for her shield, and such an ungrateful
people for her subjects." (!) Bless us, what a mov-
ing spectacle must Donna MARIA present to civi-
lized Europe, thus drenched in tears ! Her accumu-
lated sorrows must rouse the nations of the earth to
undertake a crusade for her deliverance. All Al.
flacks will be up in arms against the savage horde
that dared to balance their liberties against the secret
aorrows of their lady Sovereign. But what must
overwhelm all sensitive souls with a conviction of the
atrocity of the Portuguese on this occasion, is the re-
flection that the young QUEEN is peculiarly suscepti-
ble of the liveliest and most lasting impressions of
sorrow. Her Most Faithful Majesty has given some
itost signal proofs of this, in the very extraordinary
means which she has taken to sooth her mind under
The most poignant domestic afflictions. We need not
nay that in her choice of one of these, at least, she
surprised us—.we but shared in a sentiment which at
the time was common to all Europe.
But it is hardly fair that our sympathy for the suf-
erings of a sentimental young lady of seventeen—
albeit a QUERN and the wife of a second husband—
should prevent us from enquiring into the extent of
her personal claims upon the ,‘ gratitude" of the Por-
tuguese nation. Portuguese allegiance, as understood
by
the Post, would be intelligible to us ; but we are
3'et to learn that Donna MARIA 11. has established
11,Y very strong claim upon the gratitude of the people
1,
4° acknowledge her Sovereignty. But admitting her
claims L
to gratitude on her father's account, are they
41.111 Y to be liquidated by the sacrifice of a Constitu-
-I°II sealed with the blood of her people ?

History will bear us out in asserting that Portugal
`l3w,.
-s nothinc, to the House of Braganza. With the
'exe„
'ption of the late Don PEDRO of Brazil, the na-
. I.l°'l had not a single benefactor in a Prince of the
\.
",'‘")le line. The House of Braganza ascended the
I'Prone of Portugal in 1640, in the person of JOHN
the-z,-a Sovereign who incited the people to cast off
k-ipanisli yoke, only to replace it by a domestic ty-
! my a million of times more degrading and oppres-
sve.
Under King JOSEPH, the country obtained a
filli tarp and political reputation, chiefly in conse-
-I,,e' lee of the abilities displayed by the Marquis of
°l\ SBAL, and the Count DE LA LIPPE ; but the
el eat
bulk of the people were little better than the
of the Titulados and the Hidalgos—the
try and regal aristocracy who divided the coun-
thi
i at
y song
them. In the plunder of the people
took good care to come in for a full share.

The House of Braganza lent them all its influence,
and shared with them in their guilty plunder. Thus
from the accession of JOHN IV. in 1640, till the
flight of his miserable successor JohN VI. in 1807,
did each succeeding Sovereign of the House of
Braganza exercise his power, only to degrade and de-
moralize a nation, once the most distinguished of any
in Europe. To such an extent did this degradation
proceed at last, that the very name of Portugal became
a synonym for cowardice, treachery, falsehood, theft,
and every vice that disgraces society; and it even
passed into a proverb, that a Spaniard divested of every
virtue would make a good Portuguese. Martial glory
relieved not the vices of the Court. When JUNOT
invaded Portugal in 1807, the first noble act of the
KING was to embark for Brazil, leaving his defence-
less subjects to make what head they pleased against
the enemy. In his flight he took with him all the
wealth he could accumulate, in money, plate, and
jewels, leaving half a million of the people without a
morsel of bread. He also took with him the poor
remains of a noble fleet, of which not so much as a
plank was ever restored to the nation.
The events which succeeded are well known. Eng-
land saved Portugal, as she did Europe, from the all-
absorbing dominion of France. When Don JoHN:re-
turned to his kingdom he found himself at the head of
40,000 well-disciplined efficient troops—a force called
into existence by Lord BERESFORD. The people
forgetting their desertion by their SOVEREIGN, de-
manded only a Constitution,---a poor acknowledgment
of their services, of which the Royal dotard, through
the influence of an abandoned profligate woman, shortly
afterwards deprived them. It is true that Don PEDRO
assisted the Portuguese nation in hurling the tyrant
I\IIGUEL from the Throne ; it is equally true that in
1826 he gave a charter, which has since been recog-
nised as a bond of liberty, to Portugal : but PEDRO,
in dethroning MIGUEL, thought not of the nation, but
of the accession of his daughter ; and in granting a
charter, he was influenced by the powerful conviction
that without some such concession to the people,
Donna MARIA never could ascend the Throne of her
ancestors. This may not be the general impression ;
but we can answer for it that it is the true one.

Now with respect to Donna MARIA herself, she
had hardly ascended the throhe when she began to
meditate the abolition of the Charter which her father
had just granted. In one so very young this excited
some astonishment, and certainly presaged anything but
good faith on her part. When gently reminded that
the good of her people required certain concessions,
she burst into tears, and poutingly exclaimed—" Then
I am not a Queen when I cannot do as I please !"
Had it been allowable to:apply constraint such imperti-
nence might have been easily corrected by her MA-
JESTY'S Governess ; but as it could only be heard in
silence by those not disposed to applaud it, no wonder
that the people thought that their safest course
would be to constitute themselves guardians of their
own privileges. Henceforth the name of the Con-
stitution of 1822 was revived. The people were ac-
quainted with the guarantees against tyranny which
it recognized, and they secretly looked forward with
hope to its re-establishment. Spain provided them
with a favourable opportunity ; and their employment
of it was worthy of their own rectitude, and the
righteousness of the cause of which they appeared
the champions.
In addition to the facts upon which we have thus
commented, we find it stated in the same fashionable
organ, that the PRINCE ROYAL being the relation
of certain illustrious personages in this country, a
Constitution will not be suffered to exist in Portugal
out of respect to his feelings. Indeed ! This is
certainly something strange. So Portugal is not to
have a Constitution, because the sound happens to
offend the German ears of a certain fortune-hunting
cousin of our future Sovereign ? Away with such
sheer absurdity. We have suffered too much from
German prejudices ourselves, to outrage Europe by
extending them further at the point of the bayonet.
Prince FERDINAND had better imitate the grateful
SANCHO PANZA, and not trouble himself with look-
ing a gift horse in the mouth.

General RODIL has proclaimed the province of
Estremadura in a state of siege. This is a novel mode
of making war upon the Carlists. The inhabitants of
the Province have committed no crime, except their
being plundered by GOMEZ'S bands within sight of
ItODIL'S army be imputed to them as an offence pu-
nishable by martial law. If their passiveness be so
very criminal, what shall we say of the treacherous
inactivity of the Commander-in-Chief ? We no longer
hesitate to denounce Ron IL as disqualified to hold any
command in the QUEEN'S army. Since the commence-
ment of the present campaign ho has uniformly acted
in such a way as rather to accelerate than impede the
triumph of the Carlist cause. We have even heard
that he has corresponded with the Pretender since
his elevation to the War Ministry, and that a month has
scarcely elapsed since he entrusted a partizan of his own,
to propose to Don CARLOS the terms upon which he
was ready to raise the standard of rebellion. These
terms, we are assured, were rejected by the Prince,
who merely held out a verbal promise that everything
might be expected from his Royal and paternal bene-
ficence. This rumour, whether true or false, was
openly circulated on the Paris Bourse on Tuesday last,
so that in a few days it will be no secret to the Cortes.
We know that RODIL will affect to treat such a charge
with contempt. His partizans will tell us that the
Carlists circulate such falsehoods, with a view to para-
lyze the confidence now reposed in the Commander-
in-Chief. But RODIL'S conduct proves that he, at
least, is in no hurry to put an end to the war. Taken
all in all, his campaign in Estremadura will justify the
Cortes in bringing him to trial. He ought not to be
allowed to remain another hour at the head of the army.

The whole of the Paris Journals of Thursday have
been received. We regret to learn from them that the
greatest distress prevails among the silk manufacturers
of Lyons. An order of the Prefect recommends them
as objects of public charity. This is a dreadful state
of things.
The Moniteur contains the following telegraphic
communication :

" BAYONNE, Nov. 15, HALF-PAST 8 O'CLOCK, F.M.—
The Carlists took possession on the 10th of the convent of
San Mamez, of the garrison, composed of 000 men, and of
the artillery. They then threw a bridge across the Ner-
viou, in order to establish a communication between the
two banks of the river. The reinforcements shipped at St.
Sebastian on the 11th bad not left, that place on the 13th."

Letters from Bayonne received this morning, an-
nounce the arrival at Portugalette of six hundred of the
British Legion on their way to join the garrison. It
was expected they would be able to throw themselves
into the town before EGuIA could mo:•e a force suf-
ficient to prevent the navigation of the river by a
war steamer. The fate of Bilboa is no longer entirely
hopeless.

We find by some of the Tory Papers that there has
been a Meeting of sundry Orangemen at Dublin, who
have formed themselves into a Society, bearing the
title of the " Irish Metropolitan Conservative Associa-
tion." We do not know whether this may be called a
nick-name or not—a false name it unquestionably is.
The objects of this Association are essentially the same
with those of the defunct Orange Lodges, though the
principal movers in this new plot are extremely anxious
to delude the public into a belief that there is hardly
any resemblance between them. Protestant ascendancy
is the watchword, and what does this comprehend ?
The adoption of every means within the power of the

confederacy to attain their end. Every weapon that
can be used against the Catholics, come from what
armoury it may, is a lawful one. Misrepresentation,
abuse, calumny, forgery, all the machinery which poli-
tical and religious rancour can call into play, is brought
to bear upon the Catholics, in order to show that they
are worthy of no better fate than to be footstools for
the Protestants—if worthy even of that.
That this new Association is what we have desig-
nated it, is sufficiently clear from the lengthy Report,
drawn up by their own Committee, through which,
though artfully enough concocted, the cloven foot
peeps out every now and then. But, indeed, what clearer
evidence can there be of the objects and intentions of
this knot of mischief-makers, than the simple fact that
one of its originators and prime supporters is the noto-
rious O'SULLIVAN, whose sole trade is to vagabondize
throughout the kingdom for the purpose of vilifying the
Catholics, from whose religion he is a renegade. Can
there, we ask, be a stronger proof of the motives which
actuate the promoters of this Association, than the
prominent part assigned to this man in the very com-
mencement of their operations ? Is not his name a
guarantee for every thing that the most unchristian
intolerance, based on stupid ignorance, and directed by
no principle but that of selfishness, can accomplish ?
This foul-mouthed fellow was allowed to speak at the
Meeting for two hours all but ten minutes (so says
the Morning Herald), on the old text of PETER
DENS, pouring out the whole time torrents of the most
unmeasured abuse against the Catholics. What infe,
rence is to be drawn from this ? What inference
the Morning Post draws from it, and thinks others
will also draw, may be understood from the fact
that that Print dispatches the Rev. MORTIMER
O'SuLmvAN's two hours' effusion in three lines and
a-half, without, in fact, giving one solitary word of
what he said I A more cavalier dismissal we do
not recollect to have seen for many a day. Our
Contemporary fairly rumped his quondam ally. The
personage who figured next to O'SULLIVAN was a
spouting machine entitled R. E. PLUNKETT, which
vented more fume and froth than a working beer-barrel.
We sincerely regret that our space will not permit us
to give a few samples of this creature's extravagance.
What with its everlasting alliterations, its ridiculous
similes, its broken metaphors, &c. &c., it may be
matched against any thing that ever issued from a plat-
form—even in Ireland.

The Tories of West Norfolk have had a guzzle in
imitation of their brethren in the Eastern part of the
County. The wise men of the West are fully equal
to the wise men of the East in gormandizing. if the
phrenologists wish, in future, to know the powers of a
Tory understanding, they must guage the stomach, not
the cranium.

We are again indebted to our Contemporary, the I
Morning Advertiser, for a report of Thursday's pro-
ceedings at the General Association in Dublin, which
are of more than ordinary importance, as will be seen
by reference to the report, which consists chiefly of the
speeches of Messrs. SHARMAN CRAWFORD and
O'CONNELL, on the subject of the tithe question.
The former gentleman is, it is well known, an advocate
for the instant abolition of the grievance. He is averse
to all compromises and instalments ; spurns the idea of
delay ; and insists that now or never is Ireland's time
to express without reserve or equivocation her resolution
to agitate unceasingly, until the obnoxious impost
is wholly done away with. The Association, he
thinks, should agree to no half-measures on the sub-
ject—no matter what may be the opinions of Govern-
ment—for it has moral and political influence enough
to achieve, and that immediately, a full and final vic-
tory. Accordingly, in his speech on Thursday, lie
called upon Ireland to express her sentiments without
an instant's loss of time ; and tell Ministers in the
boldest and directest terms, that either tithe must be
forthwith abolished, or the Union be repealed. True,
they had an honest Government, but they must not
trust to that ; they must trust only to themselves. They
must work out their own emancipation by their own ef-
forts, just as if they had no allies in England or Scotland
to back them. Such, in few words, was the substance of
the Hon. Gentleman's speech, to many parts of which
Mr. O'CONNELL, in his reply, expressed himself de-
cidedly hostile. He was not for pressing the instant
abolition of tithe ; he was not for taking a " lofty and
theatrical attitude ;" on the contrary, he was for pru-
dence and moderation, and for accepting handsome
instalments, in the firm conviction that such a course—
' and such a course only—would ensure complete success.
Let them but get Corporation Reform, and the abo-
lition of tithe, to which he was as friendly as
Mr. SHARMAN CRAWFORD himself, would follow
as a necessary consequence. But to press for that
abolition now, without deigning to listen to any Mi-
nisterial proposition of an instalment, would be to
combine both Whigs and Tories against them ; to
raise the " No Popery" cry throughout the country ;
and perhaps break up the Government. Anxious as
we are, and have ever been, to see Ireland wholly
freed from the tithe incubus, we still think that Mr.
O'CONNELL's plan of proceeding is the most prudential.
It may be tamer than Mr. SHARMAN CRAWFORD'S,
but it is far safer. Corporation Reform is the means by
which the abolition of tithe must be effected ; and to
go to work without having first secured this, is just
as if a carpenter should go to work without his tools.
Mr. O'CoNNELL's remarks made evidently a deep
impression on the meeting, especially as he did not
differ with Mr. CRAWFORD on the main point to be
achieved, but only on the means by which it should
be achieved: We observe also with satisfaction, that
all his allusions, and they were frequent, to the ho-
nesty of Government, were received with enthusiasm
by the Association.

-CHANCERY COURT.-(THIS DAY.S-

The further arguments in Britten v. Perrot, which was
an application for a new trial, occupied the LORD CHAN-
CELLOR the whole morning.
The VICE-CHANCELLOR was also eccupied, up to the
period of our Reporter's leaving, with the case of Scarf v.
Descharmes, which was also an application for a new trial.
This case possessed no public interest whatever.

ROLLS' COURT.-(THIS BAY.)

ATTORNEY-GENERAL V. PISHIJONGERS' COMPANY•

- -
Mr. PEMBERTON— addressed the Court on behalf of the
defendants in this case, contending that that which the
relators called a technical irregularity, had never been
called to the attention of the defendants up to the time of
the filing of the information, and therefore the information
ought to be dismissed with costs.
Mr. ROMILLY was reading the evidence in support of the
defendants' case, when we left the,Court.

COMMON PLEAS.-(THIS DAY.)

LUCKART V. HOOPER.

Mr. Sergeant WILDE said that he had to make an appli-
cation for a rule to show cause why his Lordship's (the Lord
Chief Justice's) order, made in this case, should not be
amended, and why their Lordship's should not direct the ver-
dict to be entered for the plaintiff upon all the issues raised
upon the record that had been an issue for the plaintiff on
the second plea, and for the defendant on the Ist, 3d, 4th,
and sth. An attempt had been made to abuse his Lord-
ship's order, which had probably been directed in the ab-
sence of a perfect knowledge of the state of the record.
An attempt had been made to deprive the plaintiff of the
benefit of the issue which had been found for him, which,
in truth, was intended to decide the whole case. It was an
action of trover to recover a certain quantity of wool. The
defendant pleaded five pleas—first, the general issue " not
guilty ;" secondly, a lien for debt due from a person of the
name of Wildbrooke, under a custom of the city of Lon-
don that warehouse-keepers had a right to detain all
goods that came into their possession, no matter to
whom belonging, for any debt due from the per-
son depositing the goods ; thirdly, a lien to the same
extent under a special agreement made with Wildbrooke ;
the fourth plea set up a lien upon the goods, by virtue of
custom, for all demands which became due to the ware-
house-keeper from the person depositing the goods for
freight, duty, or other charges in respect of goods depo-
sited by the same person, in other words, that by the custom
of London a warehouse-keeper had a lien upon all goods de-
posited with him for any debt due by the depositor for
freight, duty, and other expense in respect of other goods ;
and the sth plea alleged that Wildbrooke was employed as
agent for the plaintiff, and had deposited a certain quantity
of wool with the defendant, who was a warehouse-keeper ;
that by virtue of this employment a certain debt became
due from the plaintiff for freight, duty and other charges upon
this wool, and the defendant claimed a lien upon the wool
in their hands for this debt, or, in other words, that Wild-
brooke was employed as consignee of a certain quantity of
wool, of which the wool in question formed a part, and that
the plaintiff became indebted to the defendants for freight,
duty, and other charges upon the wool consigned to Wild-
brooke, and that the defendant claimed a lien upon the
wool in hand for a balance of the debt alleged to have be-
come due in respect of the freight, duty, and other charges
upon the wool consigned to Wildbrooke.
The COURT—Was this claimed by custom ?

Mr. Sergeant WILDE—It was. On the first plea an
issue was sent to the county, a traverse of the custom was
set out to the second plea, de injuria to the third plea, a
traverse of the custom to the fourth plea, and de injuria to
the fifth plea. The pleas went to trial upon the distinct
understanding, as was evident from the whole course of the
case, that the only question to be tried between the parties
was the validity of the custom set out in the second plea, and
the validity of the agreement with Wildbrooke set out in the
3d plea, commensurate in extent with the custom set out in
the 2d plea. The defendant, by his Counsel (Mr. Cress-
well) stated the case to consist of two points—namely, the
validity of the custom, and the agreement in the 3d plea;
but having said this in respect of the agreement in the 3d
plea, though the agreement was read in evidence, not one
word more was said on the subject of the 3d plea through-
out the case. The custom alleged in the 2d plea was the
matter contested, and the Lord Chief Justice said, in the
course of the case, that it depended on the 2d plea, and his
Lordship summed up to the Jury upon the question of
custom, and nothing else, and the Jury returned a verdict
for the defendant, finding for the custom alleged in the
second plea. He would refer to the evidence of
Druce, which consisted of his meeting with the defen-
dant and his attorney, when a written demand for
the wool in question was made, with an offer to pay any
charges which the defendant had to demand against the
plaintiff, distinguishing him:from Wildbrooke. On which the
defendant said, " I admit the tender ; I do not mean to be
uncivil, but you must do your best, as I do not mean to
deliver up the wool unless I am paid Wildbrooke's debt."
There was no question made in the case upon this subject ;
it was taken for granted that there was an offer to pay any
thing that was due from the plaintiff, and the matter con-
tested was the right of lien for Wildbrooke's debt, upon
the ground that he was allowed to appear as the owner of
the wool, and that therefore the lien against him was good,
as against a person who was allowed to appear the owner,
under the special custom or agreement. On the part of the
defendant he would refer to the evidence of Saunders,
and these were the only two witnesses whose evidence
was material. He stated that the defendant claimed
the whole of the wool for 1,030/., the amount of debt due
by Wildbrooke for money lent and charges upon various
goods. From the moment the agreement was mentioned,
no notice was taken of it ; but a great many witnesses were
called to support the custom, and the Court left it for the
Jury to say whether the custom had been established.
The Jury found for the defendant. When the Jury re-
turned, after finding the verdict on the second plea, Mr.
Richards said, " and also on the third and the others,"
upon which Mr. Watson, who appeared for the plaintiff,
said that they must find for the plaintiff on the other pleas ;
and then his Lordship said he would look over his notes
and set the matter right.

The LORD CHIEF-JUSTICE—It is not usual in such a
case to make a contest.
Mr. Sergeant WILDE—No. When he came to look
over the evidence, it appeared to him that it would not
sustain the verdict, and that the custom was not sustain-
able at law ; he, therefore, came to move to enter judg-
men, non obstante veredicto, upon the second plea ; and
after some argument, his Lordship-ordered judgment to be
entered for the plaintiff. The Associate by mistake had,
however, entered judgment for the defendant upon all the
issues, and it therefore became necessary to trouble the
Court again. The rule was made in form to enter judg-
ment for the plaintiff generally upon the whole record, but
the officer having. made the entry mentioned, he thought pro-
per to apply to the Court upon the subject, and thinking that
the only difference was as to costs, and the attention of the
Court not having been drawn to that fact, his Lordship de-
sired the verdict to be entered for the defendant upon the
other issues, upon which the defendant comes and says, " I
have gained the cause—l am entitled to costs." To pre-
vent confusion, l►e made the present application that the
entry might be altered, and an entry made for the plaintiff
upon the whole of the record. It was clear that the de-
fendant had sustained no one of his pleas. It was enough,
indeed, to say that nothing went to the Jury except the
second plea, which was not sustained. The evidence ne-
gatived the fifth plea altogether, as there was no debt due
from the plaintiff, and there was distinct evidence that the
lien claimed was not for debt due by the plaintiff, but by
another person.—The rule was granted.

Mr. MILLER said he could state the course which the
Court of King's Bench took under similar circumstances.
The material question turned upon one issue, and the Court
confined the Counsel to that issue. Afterwards Sir W.

Follett, the cause having been carried against him, moved
to enter judgment upon the other issues for the defendant.
The Court said, that inasmuch as no other plea was argued
or insisted upon, and as the verdict was found on the one
plea, it ought to be confined to that plea. This was the
case of 'Febbutts v. York, which was argued in the King's
Bench about two years ago.
FITZGIBBON V. ARMSTEAU.

Mr. Sergeant AITCHERLEY moved for a rule to show
cause why the defendant should not be discharged from the
custody of the Warden of the Fleet, and a capias ad satisfa-
ciendum entered at the suit of the plaintiff. The defend-
ant had been twice discharged by Mr. Justice Bosanquet,
and once by Mr. Justice Gazelee, so that there had been
three orders for his discharge, and yet he was in prison at

the present moment. The plaintiff was connected with the

Birmingham Theatre, and the action arose out of an agree-
ment between the parties by which the defendant was to
pay the the plaintiff the sum of 101. weekly during the
continuance of the lease of the Royal Birmingham
_

Theatre. On the sth of October last the defendant had
been arrested by the plaintiff for the sum of 901., being
nine instalments of the weekly sum to be•paid to the plain-
tiff. Upon that summons he had been discharged, but
three several detainers had been since lodged against him
by the same party, for debts arising out of the same trans-
tion, all of which, he contended, had been illegal.
The rule was granted.

The solicitors' clerks in this town have got up a
memorial to the solicitors, requesting them to close their
oilices at seven o'clock in the evening, instead of eight ;
and we understand that they have reason to expect being
successful.—liagfax Express.
The strike of the Oldham card-loom hands and
spinners is terminated, the operatives having returned to
work at the old rates.

The late Lord Stowell was noted for his eager pur-
suit of exhibitions. One day seeing a puff of a rare and
curious crocodile, which was likely to prove the wonder of
'the town, his Lordship determined to be, as usual, the first
in the room ; however, as he was in the act of presenting
his shilling to the beef-eater, who stood at the door, the
latter refused it., and pulling him back, said, " No, my Lord,
you shan't be so taken in neither ; it is only the old snake
your Lordship has seen under three different disguises al-
ready."

Bath is becoming very full, and there is a prospect
of an extremely gay season. The usual promenades are
literally crowded in the intervals of fine weather with fa-
sllionable company.
Mr. Neeld, the wealthy Member for Chippenham,
with his friend, Captain Lechmere, is performing an ex-
tended tower in Egypt, Palestine, and Syria. Lady Caro-
he Neeld is residing with the Earl and Countess of War-
wick, at Worthing.
Lord Clifford, of Chudleigh, and his family, have
taken up their, residence at Rome.