The Sun.
London, England, 1838-08-05 00:00:00

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" THE SUN,"
GOLD ALL OVER.

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WITH WHICH
THE " TRUE SUN" IS NO W

INCORPORATED.

LONDON :
SUNDAY, AUGUST 5, 1838.

"Jur publication to-day, containing two medallion
portraits of Marshal SOULT and the Duke of WEL-
I'x"ToN., who lately met harmoniously and friendlily
in this Metropolis, is a type of the peace and union
-Abieb now exist between France and Great Britain.
TO
commemorate this remarkable circumstance, as
well
as to do honour to our late illustrious guest and
Our "n. great countryman, is one of the objects we
propose to ourselves by publishing this Extraordinary
aPer. A leading article, drawn up in any party
'Pirit, or bearing on any topic of the day, except this
Pen it
Ceful union, would be entirely out of place, and
therefor-e, purpose to confine our remarks to that
and I° some subjects connected therewith.
nice the
ileformation, at least, when England and
the a"ee taking different sides in religion, added to
Q:many causes which before existed for rivalry,
ItY, and strife, the two- greatest and most en-
igntened people of Europe have lived in almost
°`
tPetual hostility. Through a great many years
that time they have been actually and actively
"gaged in burning each others towns, devas-
talt,ing each others possessions, capturing each others
Of their a 14Yin each others subjects, and to the extent
powe'r, injuring and destroying each other. In
that period they have also occasionally borrowed arts
4ndinventions from each other, which it has been the
Rugof sUccessive aenerations to preserve and improve.
,i while the looms of one country and the steam-
e,igline3 of the other have been adopted, and the use
them extended, it has been the care of both to heal
Speedily as possible all traces of the injuries they
e mutually inflicted in their contests. Thus, through
all that time both nations have borne a striking and
'''°lnional testimony to the advantaaes of peace ; and
through all that time they have severely and practically
condemned the ravaa
" es-cf war. Yet these advantages
anti this condemnation have been insufficient to con-
wince the people and their rulers, of the loveliness of
brotherhood, and the sin of national hatred. At no time,
.„and fr"l no one war, has any gain resulted to either
fiB\a.° rty, exe_
e tit be gain to wear each other out, by a col-
-I,,!hn whichp, as it goes on, emits a few brilliant sparks.
m at advantarfe can come into the world from robbery,
urder) and incendiarism, when committed by nations,
1,7 more than when committed by banditti and 111(11-
N lt is grievous to look hack and see the great-
-11 talents and the mightiest energies employed for so
'ataloy
Years, only in works of devastation ; and lament-
exie. to think, that some of the most heroic virtues
tle ?bite4 by individuals, have sprung from an odious
thstre
the
inflict injury on others. Nor can it, be said,
that t;le People have been wiser than their rulers, or
the ministers of religion have, in either country,
th?
th le4ed peace. Half these senseless wars have had
by rrn igin in religion, and been fanned into activity
o,
Net., 'e Whose duty it was to repress them, while both
, and' subjects have hallooed .each other on
" the work of mischief. We do
.hope, how-
,oer! that this long day of delusion is now
Seen to an end. France and England have
Pile': folly of their ways ; all the other States of
I,,;ai4ele) except Spain, are at peace ; no conspicuous
tr'ier sits on any throne ; three of the thrones of
4ildi.°Pe are under the sway
of females—the graceful
rriakbel'ign influence of whose character will, we hope,
her e itself he
:ft felt on the age, and prevent the renewal
iier of those bloody and useless wars which are
\ eh
more suitable to savages than civilized men.
the Can with a good conscience tender our homage to
thatt" great living Generals of the age, who trod
le Path which the world at large has described as
they"` to the highest good ; but it is our hope that
thet will be amongst the last of their profession, and
4,,( cntr posterity will have sense enough to reward
rpresPeet only their benefactors.
Sent here is something very encouraging in the pre-
str.tlt I. 4 Peet of human affairs. The one single
tog
t' ebphysical—alteration on the surface of the
~ivre connected with the progress of knowledge and
;slzation t 3 the multiplication of the human race.
11 1171.1;Y Part of Europe, in the United States, and in
rapidr.aha, that is now going forward with unexampled
irripr Y' They are almost everywhere closely connected,
tlayseved bY and improving each other. In twenty
all the traveller can go with ease, enjoying himself nearly
pe time in the spacious cabin of a steam-ship, from
that etersburgh to New York. In a little more than
Yt " days be can go from London to Bombay, and
of co Particular inventions by which this facility
l."ninication is accomplished, railroads and steam-
bii,dgilan, are in their infancy. They, therefore, are
ever,," together, in friendliness and peace; .and
will
earth extend their power, all the nations of the
1)00 tor, remark, that neither of these inventions
peacerig to the warrior portion of mankind, but to the
14040,`" and industrious portion ; and both are
i4creant into use to facilitate traffic, and everywhere
Ethe food, comforts, conveniencies,. luxuries,
tl '
iei‘iv,,ce,allll of man. They are established by and for
it the ustrieus classes ; and to increase their welfare
%troct,great Principle which has presided over the con-
he 'an of railroads and steam-ships. They can only
]'reserved
,
they
ar:' vea by contributing to the same ends, and
of such manifest utility, that they will neces-
fitien-eue extended, and will subdue all o
ofp,pities' T pposin3 in.
reat ihe
warrionrg are b nterests of which they are the
not only at enmity with strife, but the
"et the at
the very best, draws his sword only to pro-
etre ; and the very principle of his existence,
hetitecl (") their increasing
power, assures us that they
not here
irafter be trampled on by the iron hoofs of
,rier..4s,l e'v
peant-soldiery. We live, then, in an age
of
ce—when contrivances which tend to abro-

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_
Just published, in two vols. post Bvo., with a New and correct
Map of the Chinese Empire,, price 11. 4s. cloth boards.
UHIN A OPENED;
Or, A Display of the Topography, History, Customs, Man-
IrerB Or,
Alanui'actures, Commerce, Literature, Religion, Juris-
*l"ce, Sce. of the Chinese Empire.
By the Rev. CHARLES GITTZLAFF.
Revised by the Rev. ANDREW REED, D.D.
Smith, Elder and Co., Comilla.

114' (lay is published, in ore vol., foolscap Bvo, price 2s. Gd.
neatly bound in cloth,
JOURNAL OF AN EXPEDITI ONFROM
With SINCAPORE TO JAPAN,
a Visit to ion Choo; descriptive of these Islands and their
I!thabitants, in an attempt with the aid of Natives educated in
t•ngland, to create an opening for Missionary Labours in Japan.
By P. PARKER, M.D.,
Medical Missionary from the American Missionary Board.
Revised by the Rev. ANDREW REED, D.D.
Smith, Elder, and Co., Cornhill.

gate distance, and link together in bonds of friend-
ship and mutual interest all the people of the earth,
are rapidly extending their beneficial influence:
We may trace the advantages of the same principle
in every branch of knowledge and of art. From under
the sharp and rigid inventions of mechanics, destruc-
tive, as some assert, of poetry and feeling, grow up
.imitative beauty in every form. Our whole publication,
including the Medallions, is the offspring Of machinery,
the delicate touches 'Of Which also giqte beauty to the
copperplate engraving and the woodcut, and send their
productions into every hamlet. Our shops, our houses,
our libraries abound with imitative beauty, which, like
the sublime and steady march of the Great Western
across the Atlantic, is the result of machinery. It is
a great mistake to. suppose that human skill does not
contribute as much to adorn the face of the earth, as
to provide for the animal wants of man. Had we
time we might fill our whole double sheet with illus-
trations of this important fact. We must, however,
content ourselves with remarking that the moral beauty
of general peace, which we chiefly commemorate to-
day, is accompanied in almost every part of the world
by a corresponding increase of physical beauty, and
that as the former enables ingenuity to multiply the
latter, so the latter exerts its charms on the mind, and
tends to ensure the dominion of the former.

It is also pleasant as well as true that. the
dif-
ferent classes in each nation, as well as the different
nations, are learning to respect and love each other.
We, in common with many other writers, have fre-
quently, and indeed almost continually, to complai❑
of violations of "the rights of the poor ; but we
must add, that the motive for these infractions is less
hatred or dislike, than a benevolent wish to promote
what is supposed to be improvement. The legislator,
th,-,ugh we think him grievously mistaken in meddling
with the poor man's Sabbath, and the poor man's
beer, has no other wish than to make him better,
• wiser, and happier. The very efforts which we and
others take most pains to check, are the strongest
proofs which can be adduced of the benevolence which
is now active in the world. It is less the will than
the knowledge of the best means to serve each other,
which is deficient. Man, who is rather ignorant than
wicked, naturally assumes himself to be the type of
excellence, and says he is made after the image of
GOD. So ind'itiduals, taking not in the whole scheme
of society, naturally assume, particularly When they
have a high opinion of their own virtue, that they
constitute a standard to which all other individuals
ought to conform, and they do a great deal of mischief
from their narrow ignorance and an active desire to
do good. It does not occur to them, that of men, as
of plants, each has his peculiar qualities, his appro-
priate position, and his adapted state of being, all of
which constitute the graCe and beauty of each.
It is not more unreasonable for the bramble to com-
plain that the primrose is not as the bramble is, than
for the prim and idle Pharisees of the land to murmur
because all other individuals are not cast in their
mould. We repeat, then, that it is knowledge—know-
ledge of man himself—knowledge of the laws which
guide and impel him, which is more required than be-
nevolence. That is now, we think, as striking and as
active among individuals as mechanical skill and as the
moral improvement of which the peace we commemo-
rate is the sign, and opens to all reflecting men a bright
vista to futurity, which the removal every day of some
ignorance tends to enlarge and realise.

LORD BROUGHAM'S CHARACTER
OF HIS CONTEMPORARIES.

[We quote the following extracts from a collection just
published, in four volumes, of Lord Brougham's speeches,
which have undergone, we understand, a careful revision
by the noble author ; and thus revised, may be looked upon
as the most valuable legacy bequeathed by the first states-
man of his age, to posterity. The sketches of contempo-
rary characters which we have given below, are not among
the least attractive portions of these volumes. They are
drawn with consummate skill, and a rigout:that never flags ;
are lofty and generous in their tone ; though here and
there—as in the portraits of Creevey and Horner—it may
be doubtful whether the warmth of friendship have not
somewhat clouded Lord Brougham's clear, manly, and
searching intellect. But what a master-piece is the cha-
racter of Jeremy Bentham! What discriminating touches
—what. a nice conception of the minute points of character
(points that would have escaped all but the ablest and
most observant of men)—what life—what comprehen-
siveness of intellect—are visible in every sentence of
this chef d'oeuvre ! See here the idiosyncracy of
Bentham defined, and brought out in vivid relief, in
one brief, pregnant passage !—" He pushed every ar-
gument to the utmost ; he strained every principle till it
cracked ; he loaded all the foundations on which his system
was built, as if, like arches, they were strengthened by
the pressure, until he made them bend and give way be-
neath the superincumbent weight." If Dr. Bowring, or
any thick-and-thin Benthaipite, were to scribble on till
dooms-day, they would never furnish us with half as dis-
criminating a character of the old Utilitarian's mind, as is
comprised in the above sentence, every word of which
tells—every clause of which contains a thought. In the
sketch of Lord Castlereagh we were prepared to meet with
something like prejudice. We have been agreeably dis-
appointed.
inted Lord Brougham does every justice to the
merits—should we not rather say the demerits ?—of this
celebrated person ; and if he errs at all, it is on the side
of charity and toleration. The " Emperor Alexander" is
another well drawn portrait, though we cannot but think
that Lord Brougham underrates his Majesty's sagacity and
foresight. When Alexander heard of the marriage of Na-
poleon with a daughter of Austria, from which all the
other continental statesmen augured peace to Europe, he
said, " Then the next step will be to drive me back to
my forests!" Surely no one, of a mere monarchical
order of mind, could have made a shrewd prediction like
this We trust Lord Brougham will continue his
sketches of contemporary characters. It is a duty he owes
to himself, to existing society, and to that posterity who
will bless and reverence his name, long after he himself
has been gathered to the great and the good of past
ages.]