The Sun.
London, England, 1849-08-29 00:00:00

LONDON. WEDNESDAY EVENING, AUGUST 29, 1849.

LITERATURE.
IIfEIfOTRS AND CORRESPO'N'DENCE OF
Sili It. iil I" PRAY ALI 11. _Eri,tett by Mrs.
Gillespie Smyth. 2 Vols.
" There are," says the editress of this work, " in
the annals of every family, any of whose members
have filled conspicuous places in the public sell ice,
some privileged epcchs round which its own memories
have been fondly taught to congregate, and which it
would fain rescue from oblivion in those of others.
Such, during the long diplomatic career of Sir
Robert Murray Keith, was the episode of the revo-
lution in Denmark in 1772 ; and his spirited rescue,
as representative of Great Britain, of a daughter of
England,' and the sister of his Sovereign, from a
fate, the least disastrous probable issue of which
was imprisonment for life in a northern fortress.
The omission—probably from prudential motives—
of this most critical and important interposition, in a
foreign work of fiction recently translated, naturally
led to a search into those familiar archives where re-
posed the familiar letters and official correspondence
penned during the events themselves, and so honour-
able alike to the character, the feelings, and the fame
of him by whom they were written and received. To
weave those valuable, and hitherto inedited documents,
into a slight record of the charms, the sorrows, and
the injuries of the British Princess—to whom (in his
own striking words) it was a proud commencement
for the Envoy's chivalry to convey, through the
vaulted entrance of Hamlet's castle, the welcome
tidings of fraternal affection and liberty restored—
was felt to be alike a duty and a pleasure. To this
the following sheets would have been exclusively
limited, had not the reputation of Sir R. M. Keith
for political sagacity, on the one hand, and wit and
bonhommie on the other, suggested, on high literary
authorities, the propriety of a more extensive selec-
tion from his twenty years' correspondence, while a
resident at other foreign courts, than had been ori-
ginally designed." Such is the interesting nature of
this work, which has evidently been a labour of love to
Mrs. Smyth. Each volume is divided into three
parts ; the first contains—" Correspondence from St.
Petersburgh, Vienna, &c. ;" " Memoirs of Caroline
Matilda, Queen of Denmark," and " Familiar Cor-
respondence with various Distinguished Writers."
The second volume contains—" Familiar Correspon-
dence with Marshal Conway, &c. ;" " Official and
Personal Correspondence from Vienna," and " Official
and Familiar Correspondence from the Congress of
Sistovo in Turkey, in 1791." These volumes con-
tains beautiful portraits of Queen Caroline Matilda
and Sir R. Murray Keith.

great Imperial Opera of Prague, associated with so many
tn,?mo:i.,t-: of music, and which would be immor-
.l.: : ,f 1 1!,? f.•/,!^
the Clentt-nza di lit„ and the Marriage of Fig,ITO V. ere-
first proCuc(l by Moz-lit. The fa%ouritc prima donna
of this nable theatre was suddenly taken ill, and so se-
riausly, that theme was little hope left of ht r ra-appear-
ieg for sonic tiesa. The manager, in dt!spa'r, and at a
loss wbich way to turn, could think of no other resource
to retain his audiences than the appearance of the young
prodigy of the Conservatoire—little Henriette Sontag.
Such was her proficiency in her art, that her parents no
longer saw the same danger in allowing their offspring
to tread the fictive scene.
" It nothing were wanting in courage, natural gifts of
voice, and intellectual power, on the part of the child
as regards the height of her person there was a manca-
mento of several inches. As the French proverb says,
le temps cortige cela ;' but, in the mean time, the stage-
manager, a learned Hellenist, was not oblivious of the
int ans by which the Greeks gave altitudes to t"ir scenic
heroes and heroines, and the little prima donna, -o whom
was assigned fur her debut the part of the heroine in a
translation of the favourite French opera, Jean de Paris,
was supplied with enormous cork heels. There was a
time, at the Court of Louis XV., when an inch and a
half of red heel was the distinctive characteristic of a
Marquis, or of a lady of sufficient quality to be allowed,
to sit in the presence of royalty. On the occasion oi
the debut of Henriette Sontag, four inches of vermillion
coloured cork foreshadowed the rank of the little lady,
destined to become one of the most absolute mimic
queens of the lyrical world, and afterwards a real and
much respected countess. When the singer who enacted
the pompous seneschal in the opera of Jean de Paris
came forward, and announced, It is no less a personage
than the Princess of Navarre whose arrival I announce!'
the applause and laughter were universal. When the
little prodigy appeared on her cork pedestal, the house
was filled with cheers and acclamations. As the busi-
ness of the stage proceeded, the auditors found that
there was no longer any indulgence necessary on the
score of age, but that there were claims on their admi-
ration for a voice which, for its purity, its peculiar flute-
like tone, and its agility, has never been surpassed. The
celebrated tenor, Gerstener, who enacted Jean de Paris,
that night sang better than ever, finding that he had to
cope with the attraction of a new melodic power. Many
nights successively did she thus sing the Princess of
Navarre with increasing success to crowded houses. Her
next part was one far more difficult—that of the heroine
in Paer's fine opera, Sargin.
" The capital of Bohemia was not destined long to
retain its chief ornament. Long before the conclusion
of the season, the Imperial Court had heard of her ex-
traordinary success, and Henrietta Sontag was sum-
moned to Vienna, where she appeared, the very next
season, at the German Opera."
From this time her career was one series of triumphs
—Berlin, Paris, London, St. Petersburgh in turn
hailed her as the greatest of living artists ; and on her
marriage with Count Rossi, a young Sardinian
nobleman, and her consequent retirement from the
stage, the dilettanti of Europe were inconsolable, as
they felt they " ne'er should look upon her like again."
Count Rossi became the representative of his Sove-
reign at the Courts of the Netherlands, St. Peters-
burgh, Vienna, and Berlin successively, and the
Countess of Rossi was the admired and the beloved
of all. _ _ _ _ -

CROMTVELL DOOLAN ; or, Life in the Army.
By the Author of " Echoes in the Backwoods." 2
Vols. _ _ _

An amusing series of strange and laughable ad-
ventures, as may easily be supposed, when we say
the hero is at once a soldier and an Irishman ; for
whatever an Irishman may be on terra firma, in a
book he is always the most adventurous of mortals.
Cromwell Doolan is, however, a misnomer, for we
find, at the conclusion of the strange eventful history,
that Cromwell is not Cromwell after all, but another
individual who has been exchanged for him. The
real Simon Pure long since sleeps in his grave, and
the O'Neil presumptuously sends forth his own ad-
ventures under the name of a history of Cromwell
Doolan I

V
.
" But at last came the fatal year 1848, when a politi-
cal eruption, unprecedented for magnitude and extent,
fell upon the whole fabric of human happiness on the
Continent, as unforeseen and as destructive as the vol.
canic outburst which, is a past age, buried Pompeii.
Madame de Rossi's fortune, when the revolution broke
out at Berlin, was placed partly with bankers, partly
in commercial securities; commerce ceased, public credit
was sh, ken, and private credit lost, and with the latter
the fortune of Madame de Rossi. Shortly afterwards
followed the events in Sardinia, in its turn deeply affect-
ing the fortunes of her husband, and threatening the
Count Rossi with the loss of that office which he had so
long and so honourably held. On the first news of the
losses experienced by Madame de Rossi, knowing how
perfectly she had preserved her voice, the Direction of
Her Majesty's Theatre made, in the most delicate man-
ner that could be devised, ample offers to the unfortu-
nate lady, in case she should deem it necessary to return
to the scene of her former triumphs. The Count and
Countess Rossi did not contemplate then the necessity
of so great a sacrifice. Later offers of unlimited temp-
tation were made by other parties, and emissaries sent
to Berlin secretly to treat with the great vocalist of the
golden age of the opera. But they were at once refused.
As events assumed a darker complexion, Madame de
Rossi, the most affectionate of mothers, grew more and
more anxious for her children, and used every endea-
vour to prevail on her noble husband to sacrifice the
privileges and prejudices of rank, and the sweets of high
office, to the future welfare of their children. An ar-
tist of European fame, who not only commands admi-
ration by his talents, his conversational powers, his
elegant and amiable manners, and his noble and
elevated character—M. Thalberg, happened some months
since to be in Berlin, and he is said to have seconded
Madame de Rossi's efforts to persuade her husband.
Communications were resumed with the Direction of Her
Majesty's Theatre, although still in a problematical and
conditional form, and the Count Rossi repaired to Turin
to endeavour to release himself from his duties. After
some delay, the Count obtained permission from his
Sovereign to retire for a time from his career. When it
was known later at Turin what was the cause of his re-
tirement, and that it was definitive, letters were written,
by order of the Sovereign, in the highest degree cordial
and flo,:teling, both to M. and Madame de Rossi. From
Turin the Count returned to Berlin; there Mr. Lumley
had suddenly arrived—every arrangement was made,
and a week after he had left Berlin, the Count and
Countess Rossi arrived in London in a manner totally
unforeseen. In a week more she appeared on the stage,
and although, unlike other great singers, she had not,
owing to the necessity of secrecy, been preceded by
those announcements which habitually long beforehand
herald forth a prima donna, and work upon public ex-
pectation, her reception was one never surpassed in
enthusiasm.
" When the circumstances in which Madame Sontag
has once more appeared on the horizon with undimi-
nished glory are considered,:a feeling of something more
than admiration takes possession of the observer. To
behold beings, of which there are not one in so many
millions, whose existence has scarcely been thought of,
come in a critical hour, interpose their power, uphold
a noble establishment, and at once defeat all the work-
ings of intrigue, envy, and ingratitude, partakes of that
providential character of events to which all others are
secondary. This is the second time that such an inter-
position has occurred as regards the greatest theatrical
Institution of the country. If there existed in reality
such a random power as chance, such events could scarcely
be reckoned amongst its casualties.
" If there could be any one so devoid of love for what
is really good and really great, as not to be inspired by
interest in the eventful life we have so very superficially
sketched, they need only to repair to the theatre where
our heroine appears, for them to change their disposi-
tion. Nothing ever could resist, off the stage or on it,
the sterling merit either of Countess Rossi, or of Madame
Sontag."

EXPEDITION to DISCOVER the SOURCES
of the WHITE. NILE in the YEARS
1840-41. By Ferdinand Werne. From the
German, by Charles W. O'Reilly. 2 Vols.
This is a buok of travels of that most interesting
kind which, together with a picture of foreign scenes
and customs, details the fortunes of an expedition of
inquiry. The writer of the preface speaks bf this
work as presenting the liveliest views of the natural
productions and people of regions hitherto entirely
unvisited. " The surprising novelty," he adds, "of
the phenomena is described by a writer of much ex-
perience, bold energy, and intense devotion to the
land of the south. The discoverer of the sources
of the White Nile under the vertical rays of
the sun, in equatorial Inner Africa, will share
the same fate as his illustrious predecessor,
James Bruce, the discoverer of the sources of
the Blue Nile, if many of his statements should be
doubted, criticised, and misunderstood." Neverthe-
less, the writer of the above remark must be aware
that such is almost the inevitable lot of all things
human. This interesting work is illustrated by a
beautiful map of the White Nile, laid down from the
diary of Mr. %Verne, and by many specimens of the
arms, &c. of the natives.

THE EMIGRANT FAMILY; or, THE
STORY of an AUSTRALIAN SETTLER.

By the Author of " Settlers and Convicts." 3 Vols.
This work contains " hints to emigrants " of a more
practical nature than those contained in the facetious
brochure of Percy Cruikshank. This Australian
handbook appears under the novel form of a novel.
" The main design in the composition of these
volumes," says the author, " was the delineation of
the actual life of an emigrant family in the middle of
the nineteenth century..... With the single excep-
tion of the introduction of a character necessary to
furnish the tale with sufficient of plot to interest the
lovers of romance, everything exhibited is a simple
copy from actual daily life."

MEMOIRS of the HOUSE of ORLEAAS

By W. -Cooke Taylor, LL.D. 3 Vols.
These three volumes, which contain " sketches and
anecdotes of the most distinguished characters in
France during the seventeenth and eighteenth centu-
ries," are of a character which needs little commen-
dation to ensure them a favourable reception with
the general reader. They contain a mass of anec-
dotes, accounts of historic importance or mournful
interest, but fcr the most part of a light, gossiping, and
amusing nature. It is a work, perhaps, little calcu-
lated to benefit its readers, unless, perhaps, by making
them content with an humble station. They may
read in these records of royalty, as for example, in
the sad story of Maria Louisa, of Spain, how many
are the trials and temptations which beset the path of the
so-called great. One important object with the writer
in composing this work was to throw some light upon
Louis XIV. " secret," and also to inquire whether
Henrietta, of England (Madanze) and her daughter,
Maria Louisa, Queen of Spain, really met with their
deaths by poison, as has been suspected.

The CHURCH of ENGLAND QUARTERLY

RE VIEW.

The nine articles in the last number of this Quar-
terly are of as varied and interesting topics, as "Jewel
and the Reformation," " Religious Doubters,"
" Sterling's Life," " Brampton Rectory," " Horatio
Nelson and Emma Hamilton," " Romanism and Civi-
lization,'' " Prince Rupert and the Cavaliers, " The
Religion of Architecture," " Puritans and Pilgrim
Fathers," " Southey's Common-place Book," " Man
Primeval."

CU URT CIRC ULAR.
BALMORAL, AuG. 26.
This morning her Majesty and the Prince, attended
by Viscountess Jocelyn, Hon. Miss Dawson, Lord John
Russell, Colonel the lion. Alexander Gordon, Mr. An-
son, and Mr. Birch, attended Divine service at the palish
church at Crathie.

Service was performed by the Rev. Mr. Anderson.

ROYAL GARDENS, VAUXHALL.
Monday was the commencement of a new season
at Vauxhall. After so successful an opening, and an
attendance so aristocratic, the startling announce-
ment of the reduction of price to one shilling seemed
to us to require some notice.
On entering the gardens, we turned into the beau-
tiful Italian walk, which is now hung above with
festoons of coloured lamps, forming an arcade of light
at once brilliant and imposing. The lighting alto-
gether is vastly improved, and announces at once
increased spirit in the establishment. In the circus
we found a new troupe, and were astonished by the
daring and novelty of their extraordinary feats, which
threw their French predecessors far into the shade.
An Arab, who is announced as the most extraordinary
vaulter in the world, fully sustained his reputation by
a series of summersaults and leaps, which were almost
frightful, clearing at a bound eighteen men with up-
lifted swords. The most wonderful thing in his feats
is that he uses no spring-board, but leaps from a
solid block of stone on the g.round. The riding ot
Hernandez, matchless,. graceful, rapid, unique and
sufficient in itself as it is, received a very interesting
addition in a group of two, who rode in almost every
possible and classic
posture, the boy actually stand-
ing on the shoulder of the horseman whilst galloping
round the circle. Standing on a series of bottles,
one above another, and at the same time ballancing
variety of things, was
a trick so strange and difficult,
and performed so adroitly, that it is utterly impossible
to describe it. The rolling globe was admirably per-
formed by a boy, who, not only walked.uggling and on it, but at
the same time executed a set of J
ba-
lancing tricks, as well as if he were on the surest
footing. But not the least astonishing was the per-
formance of the clown and his son. The boy stood
on his head, and in that position was balanced on the
hand, and after being tossed about, tumbling in the
air like a ball, concluded his performance by standing
on his head on the end of a pole, balanced on the chin
of the clown, and carried about the circus.
The whole performance was of surpassing excel-
lence, and we are proud, in saying so, that we are at
the same time bearing our testimony to genuine
merit, and our applause to native talent, which of
1 late it has been too much the fashion to overlook

A MEMOIR of the COUNTESS DE ROSSI
(MADAME SONTAG). Published by Mr.
Mitchell, Royal Library, 33, Old Bond-street.
The career of Madame Sontag has been one of the
most brilliant, and, at the same time, one of the most
romantic ever recorded. It is in itself a drama,
a drama of intense and singularly varied inte-
rest. The pleasures and the pains of every station of
life, from the very highest to the very lowest, from
the garret of the struggling artist to the magnificent
salonl of royalty, have been personally experienced by
Madame Sontag. She has by turns occupied every
step of the social ladder, and has been the orna-
ment of every station which she has occupied, and
after having retired from the stage, hailed by the
unanimous suffrages of the dilettanti of Europe as the
most perfect soprano singer the world ever saw, she,
after the lapse of twenty years, returns and resumes
her place, nemine contradicente, with powers improved
rather than impaired, and at once creates a greater
furore, and achieves a greater triumph than she had
done twenty years before. Her biographer thus
accounts for this surprising preservation of her vocal
powers:—
" The Countess Rossi's voice is a pure and perfect
soprano of the highest register, from the first settlement
of her voice—it is ' to the manner born.' Thus she has
never been compelled to superadd to her studies of vocal
science those efforts by which most of the greatest vo-
calists have been obliged to transmute their contralto or
mezzo soprano tones, to polish their guttural or husky
tones, and—almost all of them—extend artificially their
register. On the other band, during their long seces-
sion from the stage, the love of musical art has always
remained predominant, and its science been constantly
cultivated, without necessity of taxing her powers, with-
out the exhausting exertions of other singers; whilst
her style of s nging is that of the high classical Italian
school, the only one that nurses the voice, whilst it dis-
plays all its melodic power. Had not the Countess
Rossi yielded up the German school—bad she not re-
sorted to the Italian school to modify her singing, as her
great countryman Mozart did, to modify the form his
inpirations assumed—her voice would no doubt have
been injured, and she would have lost that marvellous
power of overflowing richness of embellishment, requir-
ing purity at tone, agility, and elegance, in which she
is unquestionably unrivalled."
Ilenriette Sontag was born at Coblentz, on the
3d of January, 1809. Her parents were artistes of
limited means. At seven years of age she became
celebrated for her exquisite voice, and at that
age, placed on a table, she has been heard
to sing the grand aria of " The Queen of Night" in
the Zauberfi.ote, in a style that would have made
many a prima donna burst with envy. At eleven
years of age she made her first appearance on the
stage at the theatre at Darmstadt, in a piece written
expressly for her, and entitled The Little Daughter
of the Danube, but, although her success was extra-
ordinary, her parents knowing the fate of infant
prodigies, withdrew her from the theatre and sent her
as a pupil to the Conservatoire of Prague.
" Scarce three years had elapsed since her matricula-
tion at the Conservatoire, and she had hardly attained
the age of fourteen, when she payed the fortunes of that

- -
DEATH OF COOMBES, THE PRIZE WATERMAN.—
Yesterday morning, David Coombes, who, with his
brothers, are well known as the first watermen on the
River Thames, was engaged in preparing the platform at
Chandler's, Milbank, or the approaching contest for the
silver sculls. About eight o'clock he retired home to
breakfast, when he was seized v.ith violent pains in his
stomach. Medical aid was instantly resorted to, and
every attention paid to his sufferings, but he died of
cholera yesterday afternoon. The deceased was 35
years of age, without family, and, with his three brothers,
had been the successful competitor for many hard-
earned prizes. Fie was a man much respected by ail
who knew him.
As gold which he cannot spend will make no man
rich, so knowledge which he cannot apply will make no
matt wife.--L-Eliza Cook's Journal.

TO THE RIGHT HON. LORD DUDLEY STUART.

My Lord,—During my service in company with
the Polish Legion in Lombardy, under Mantua, by the
Lago di Guarda on the Tyrol, your Lordship's name
was so often the motto for a " brinoisi ;" and even in
the " Citta Eterna," Rome, such cordial responses
rang out when your Lordship's name was proposed,
that I am emboldened to address your Lordship the
following lines, trusting to your Lordship's patience
for a perusal, and to your Lordship's generosity for
the rest.

In the first days of March, 1848, I found myFelf in
Turin, on my road for England, with about Lboof. in
my pocket, the fruits of a twelvemonth's labour in
Italy. I had in that time traversed nearly the whole
peninsula of Italy, and had seen and sympathised with
the wrongs under which the Italians generally had
suffered, and were suffering, and determined, in case
of a struggle,.to aid them to the last. I became ac-
quainted with several students of the University of
Turin, among whom was George Kohindry, a Pole ;
and informed of the forthcoming outbreak, we went to
Milan, when in the revolution which commenced on
the 17th we fought. Pour Kohinsky fell on the 9th
at the attack on the Palazzo del Gtnio. My com-
panions returned to Turin, and I went off and joined
the Piedmontese, with whom I was present at the
first battle of Goito, in April. Being an engineer by
profession, in May I was sent to Pescheira, the fortress
on the Lago di Guarda, to assist in directing the
works which were being thrown up round the place ;
and on the 21st I quitted that place and joined the
Tuscans—among whom were several Englishmen—
encamped under Mantua. I remained with the Tus-
cans until the 29th May, when our camp—a camp ex-
tending over nearly seven miles—and defended only
by about 6,800 men, was attacked at Montanara,
Curtatone, and St. Sylvestro, by an overwhelming
Austrian force, and almost annihilated. I made good
my retreat to the Grazia and Goito, where I was
present at the battle the day after, in which we de-
feated the Austrians. Here I was wounded in the leg,
and remained in the hospital of St. Lucia, at Brescia,
until the 23d of June. In the month of July we left
Brescia for Caftan, near the Lago d'ldro, on the
Italian Tyrol, in company with the Polish Legion,
land in the latter end of that month we marched
rapidly down to the Lago di Guards, and fought the
Austrians two days successively at Lonato and De-
senzano. We again marched into the Italian Tyrol,
to Storo, where we encamped, and the out-
post duty was confided to me. Having ex-
tended one day our excursions too far, five
of us were surprised by a body of armed
peasants. We got into a house, and held these at
,b 7 until the arrival of a party of Kaiser- Yager, or
Tyrolese Riflemen, when, our ammunition being ex-
pended, we were obliged to surrender. With an
escort double our number, we were marched off to-
wards Innsbruck. Arrived at Castel Dublino, our
guard became intoxicated, and, bayoneting the sen-
tinel, we escaped, carrying with us five rifles, ammu-
nition, &c., &c. Seizing a peasant, he became, under
pain of death, our guide. We crossed the mountain
Tonale, swam the Adda in Val Camonica, and then,
taking the mountain again, we crossed into Val Tel-
line, where we joined General Griffini, and with him
retreated into Canton Gregioni, in Switzerland,
Piemonte-Genoa, &c., and from thence I went to
Genoa, to Leghorn, and to Venice. I remained in
Venice until December, when our regiment, the
Roman Volunteers, parted for Rome. I entered the
Roman service in the Bth Regiment of the Line. I
was present at Palestrina, and Velletri, against the
Neapolitans; at Rome, on the 30th April, against the
French; and during the whole siege of Rome. We
were for the most part stationed under the orders of
General Garibaldi, at St. Pancrazio; and here my
company, from 125 men, became reduced, from killed
and wounded, to 521 I received on the 13th the
grade of Sergeant-Major, and on the '22d of Tenente,
or Lieutenant. On the 29th the French commenced,
at 3 A.M., a tremendous cannonade against the bastion
No. 3, to the right of St. Pancrazio, which was con-
fided to me. In half-hour an my little band was re-
duced to 29 men. I received no reinforcement. The
French stormed the bastion with an entire battalion,
and, after a desperate resistance, gained a footing. I
was knocked down by a blow from a Chasseur, and
taken prisoner, and conducted first to Palo and after-
wards to Civita Vecchia. On the Bth July I was
liberated, and, in company with a Pole, named Faus-
tenberge, set out to Bologna, in the Roman States,
with the intention of passing, if possible, Venice,
Trieste, Elyria, and so into Hungary. We crossed
the Po at night, and reached Rovigo; here we were
arrested, and cautioned that a similar attempt would
be punished with death. We reached Milan, turned
again towards Tyrol, with the intention, if possible,
of reaching Hungary, were arrested in Val Engadin ;
we resisted, and in the struggle poor Faustenberge
received a ball in the stomach. I got away to Bel-
linzona, and here I read the account of the meeting in
favour of heroic Hungary, held at Marylebone, and
presided over by your Lordship. I determined at once
to gain England, hoping that from your Lordship's
acquaintance of the Hungarian leaders to find some
means of reaching Hungary, perhaps with Colonel
Reid. My Lord, there is many a mile between this
and Rome, and with the zigzag way I have taken
many more; yet I have done the whole way on foot.
Neither the Po, nor the Alps, nor hardship, nor many
a night's bivouac by the road, has checked me ; but
now, my Lord, I have received a check which I can-
not surmount. My poor fund, which I hoarded and
have expended so carefully, has decreased to a shadow ;
my habiliments, torn by many a mountain scramble,
are in tatters ; and now, my Lord, I turn to you. I
have yet twelve francs left me, and with this I hope
to reach Dijon, which is about 150 miles from Paris.
Your Lordship is generous, and I have no hope but in
your Lordship, and in such of my countrymen as
may pity an Italian crusader. Your Lordship will
not, I am sure, allow me to die by the road-side.
Write me, I pray, at least to Dijon, were I await your
Lordship's letter, and, with every wish ad interim
for your Lordship's well-being, and for the well-being
of Hungary, believe me,
Your Lordship's very obedient servant,

MORTALITY in the METROPOLIS
NUMBER OF DEATHS FROM ALL CAUSES REGISTERED IN
TILE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, AUG. 18, 1849.
Epidemic, Endemic, and Contagious Diseases ...*1714
Diseases of Uncertain Seat ... .„ 52

Tubercular Diseases ... ... 182
Diseases of the Brain, Nerves, and Senses,— ... 108
Diseases of the Heart and Blood-vessels 32
Diseases of tho Lungs, and other Organs of
Respiration ... •••
Diseases of the Stomach, Liver, and other Organs
of Digestion... ... ..• .••
Diseases of the Kidneys, &c. ••• •••
Childbirth, Diseases of the Uterus, 8.
Diseases of the Joints, Bones, and Muscles
Diseases of the Skin, &c.
Malformations... ••• ••
Premature Birth ...
Atrophy ••• ••• ••• ••• ••
Old Age ••• ••• ••• ••
Violence, Privation, Cold, or Intemperance
causes not specified ...

... 10

_ ..
CHARLES SYDNEY.
Geneva, Switzerland, Aug. 20, 1849.

THE PRAYER OF KOSSUTH.
Lord God of Arpad's warriors
Look, from thy throne of stars,
Upon afflicted Hungary,
Her children's wrongs and scars.
To thee, a million earnest prayers
From patriot hearts ascend;
Rise God! and fight their battles—thou,
Creator, Guardian, Friend.
Thy sun, the torch of Liberty,
Irradiates the hides,
As lighting to a glorious grave
Each corpse that round me lies.
Thy heaven is blue—the carpet fair
Beneath thy footsteps spread—
But the green earth of thy making
With hallowed blood is red.
Send, God, upon these fallen ones
Thy spirit's genial ray,
That not one lifeless image here
May perish in decay;
But that from these rude scattered seeds
Immortal flowers may bloom,
And shed a spirit grandeur round
The martyr hero's tomb.
God of the nations, far and wide!
God of my ancient sires!
Peserve, on this blood-altar scene,
T h lighte
raud,u
ofFrrereodos tm; ram'safires.
Oh 1 let the
arm
Fall powerless 'neath thine own,
And every thunder of our belts
Be answered in thy tone.
'Tis sacrifices such as these
That sanctify the earth—
That purge it from corrupting sin,
And give thy glory birth.
This sacred soil must never hold
A captive nation's slaves,
Nor fierce barbarians trample down
And riot o'er its graves.
Father, Almighty ! Father, God!
Of Heaven, of earth, and sea,
Make all the nations of the earth
High-minded, noble, free.
Blast with the lightning of thy glance,
And lay them in the dust,
The savage hordes whose conquests are
But infamy and lust.
Lo! a light, prophetic, rising
From the bodies of the slain,
Illumines far the battle front,
And lights the battle plain;
The outward robe and veil it is
Of spirits soaring high,
As, marching from the fatal field,
They travel to the sky.
God I in thy mercy, bless their dust,
And cherish long their fame,
By blotting out the despot race,
The Despot's power and name.
Our sword, our shield, our fortress be—
To victory lead the way,
Or bury in one bloody grave
The war-wolf and his prey,
Harrogate, Au r. 24. G. Lisarmus BANKS.

... 39

INDISPOSITION OF DR. SOUTHWOOD SMITH.—Yes
terday information was received at the office of the
Metropolitan Commission of Sewers, Greek-street,
Soho, that Dr. Southwood Smith had been taken so
suddenly ill, at his residence, at Highgate, as not to be
able to attend to the business of the finance committee,
appointed to sit at ten o'clock, of which ho was a very
punctual attendant.
er Royal
TUNBRIDGE WELLS.—H Highness the
Duchess of Kent directed that meat and bread should be
given to upwards of 500 poor families residing in the
Wells and its neighbourhood for their Sunday's dinner,
that being Prince Albert's birth-day; adults receiving
one pound of meat each, without bone, and one pound
of broad; and children half a pound of meat each, and
half a pound of bread. It was given to all parties,
without distinction as to religious sentiments.

THE HEALTH OF LONDON COLLISION BETWEEN, thesBOARD
DURING THE WEEK. OF HEALTH AND THE ..NIARYLEBONE
(From the Registrar-General's Return.) BOARD OF GUARDIANS.
In the week ending Saturday, August '25, the Yesterday, a special meeting of the ?'rs-rt!ry ,of ,'
Marylebone took place at the Court.hoUsiif:e.i .4, S:e..
deaths in London were 2,457; of which 1,276 were
purpose of receiving a communication which ha. p 1 li .by cholera, .238 by diarrhoea. The deaths from all
causes in each of the last seven weeks were 1,070, lreceived froin the Board of Health by the hoard of
1,369, 1,741, 1,931, 1.967, 1,909, 2,229, 2,457 ; the i guardians, with reference to the alleged outbreek of
deaths from cholera, 152, 339, 678, 783, 926, 823, cholera in Marylebone. . -,os ivies issei
1,229, and 1,276. Although the number of deaths Mr. Churchwarden MALLALUR having been called
last week is greater than any number yet recorded, to the chair, the document from the Board of Health
it is gratifying to learn that active measures are now was read. It was addressed—" To the Select Vestry
in actual operation, or commencing in every district, of St. Marylebone," and peremptorily ordered the
to combat the great epidemic which has already appointment of two medical officers in addition to the
destroyed 7,470 lives in London. The mortality present staff, to pursue the system of house to house
stands in favourable contrast to that which has been visitation; and that buildings should be provided fur
felt in other cities, where the visitation has recalled the removal of the inhabitants in proximity with
the ravages of the middle ages. But if the general places where the cholera existed. It also ordered
sanitary state and arrangements are superior to those that the vestry should be assembled to consider the
of the other civilized countries of Europe, it is quite matter and carry out the said order, and it also ordered
certain that while the present epidemic has excited that not only a copy of the minute of the vestry, but
some talk and terror, the efforts which have hitherto also the names of the vestrymen present and those ab-
been employed to combat it look feeble and insignifi- sent, be forwarded to the:;Board of Health. This de-
cant when contrasted with the vast means and agency current was signed "Ashley, E. Chadwick, and 'P.
which are brought to bear by the nation in other Southwood Smith."
fields for the protection of life and property. Mr. MICHIE, in bringing forward a resolution cn
The energy with which parts of our institutions I the subject, denied the existence of cholera in Mary-
work makes the defects of the rest more evident. On lebone, and declared that the conduct of the Board of
August 9 last, a man was murdered in Bermondsey, Health was calculated to frighten the public into the
and before his death, reported by the coroner, will disease. He moved a resolution to the effect—
appear in these returns, one, and it is probable both " That, in the opinion of the vestry, there was no
the persons charged with the murder, will be in
necessity for the appointment of any additional me-
custody.eSteamships, Steamships, the electric telegraph, the dical gentlemen, inasmuch as the board of guardians,
s of the police, and professional agents, specially
had
on Friday, the 10th of August, instructed their re-
chosen, were all employed to arrest the destroyers sident physician to engage any assistance he might
of this life ; the columns of the newspapersonti samewere require,
at any time when he perceived such a ne-
filled with the details of the death.cessity.
day (August 9) a stockbroker died at 170 . 12 Mr. LowE seconded the motion. As a proof that
Albion-terrace, IVandsworth• road ; a widow lady, the statements about the cholera in Marylebone were
and an old domestic servant at No. 6 in the fi;e
afairlleacious, there had not been so few patients
preceding days in the same terrace te daughter;diedt ofN a gisetrthe poor for sixteen years as at this moment,
grocer, a child of five years of age, had and 11
medicalh staff enough to meet any
1 ; the widow of a coach proprietor, and a commer-ae
emergence wes(ll
cial clerk, at No. 2; a gentleman's widow at No. 3 , Mr. Jo
emergency.—(Hear
reare,seedara.)
e d
a surgeon's daughter at No. 4; a spinster of 41 at. " That, in acknowledgingn amth nrmeht—
of
the
No. 5 ; the wife of a Dissenting minister, his mother, munication from the Boarclof
Heearthefptthev
st ctorn%
e-
a widow lady, and a servant at No. 6; a young to state that the entire medical charge of theesi vestry
pooritt'
woman of 21 at No. 10; a gentleman at No. 12, is by law under the control of the guardians ; and
where the stockbroker died ; a commercial clerk and that this vestry desires to express its warm confidence
a young woman of 19 at No. 13, where a young that the guardians will adopt every means calculated
woman also died on July 28 ; a gentleman's wife at to meet any necessity which cholera or any other
No. 14, who had seen her daughter die there the day epidemic may create ; and that, in so doing, the
before. The 19 persons died of cholera, many of the guardians and directors will meet with the ready co-
inhabitants of the terrace were dispersed ; and the operation and support of this vestry "
deaths of several have been registered elsewhere. "It Dr. GRAY seconded the amendment.
appears," says the registrar, Mr. Frost, " that at No. Mr. H. C. WILSON, whilst he deprecated the inter-
-13, inhabited by Mr. Biddle, where the first death oc-
ference of the Board of Health, thought that the board
curred, and where two deaths were afterwards regis- of guardians had not sufficiently done their duty in
tered, the refuse of the house had been allowed to ac-
not having appointed district medical men to attend
cumulate in one of the vaults (which is a very large the poor in their own localities during the present
one), for about two years, and when removed last prevailing epidemic.
week, the stench was almost intolerable, there being Mi. BROUGHTON, the magistrate, at some length
about two feet of wet soil filled with maggots. The deprecated the attack which had been made on the
drains also had burst, overflowed into the tank, and private character of the members of the Board of
impregnated the water with which the houses were Health. He believed that the suggestions of the Board
supplied. On the back ground in the distance, was of Health were excellent, and that the vestry would
an open ditch, into which nearly the whole of the soil be doing their duty to co operate.
of Clapham runs." As turpentine to flames, so is the Mr. Nicholas, Mr. Lowe, Mr. M'Evil, Captain
exhalation of such cellars, tanks, and sewers to cho- Holland, and other gentlemen addressed the meeting,
lera; it diffused itself rapidly, attacked many, and some of them contending that the Board of Health
19 inhabitants, after some hours of suffering, sickness had themselves admitted that
they had no power to
and spasms, expired. enforce these orders ; but it was contradicted by Mr.
The effects of decomposing refuse and water on Kirby, the magistrate, who said they had the power
health were well known—their fatal subsidies to by the 11 and 12 Vict., passed during the last session.
cholera had been heard of every day; yet no steps The amendment was carried by a large majority,
had been taken for their removal from Albion- and the meeting separated.
terrace in July, no medical police had interfered to
disturb the contents of Mr. Biddle's cellar; and now
the nineteen masters, servants, parents, children rest
in their graves, it appears to be taken for granted
that blame attaches to nobody—to nothing—to the
householders themselves—to the guardians of the
district—to the institutions of the country ! Such
mean intangible instruments of death can be invested
with no dramatic interest; but fixing our eyes on the
victims, it is well worth considering whether sub-
stantially it is not as much a part of the sound policy
of the country that lives like those in Albion-terrace
should be saved, as that the murderers of the man in
Bermondsey should be hanged.
The revelations of the state of their districts in
the registrars' notes of this and last week prove that
it will be no easy task—l say, not to stay the plague
of cholera, for it will subside, but to remove the evils
which make cholera and all epidemics fatal. The vast
task of the physical amelioration of the population
demands the energies of the best men . n her Ma-
jesty's dominions. When, in the country from which
Asiatic cholera came, our armies seemed for a moment
worsted, and the empire threatened, the great captain
of the age is reported to have addressed to another
the memorable words, "If you do not go, I must."
That enemy was distant. We have one very near, in
cur streets, of which cholera, a servile minister, has
destroyed already 7,470 lives in London, and thou-
sands more in the rest of the kingdom. Who will go
out against, this enemy ? Is it too powerful or too
feeble for the arm of the greatest? Will no glory
crown its conquest ? Is the country insensible to its
magnitude ? Will not all the national strength and
resources be put forth to improve the hygyenic condi-
tion of the people, and to rid England of the causes
of the fatality of epidimics ? This may yet be done
by the Government, aided by the force of facts and
of enlightened public opinion.

TESTIMONIAL
TO THE HUNGARIAN REFUGEES.

" THE HUNGARIAN NATION COUNTS ON THE SYMPATHY
OF EVERY NATION WHICH LOVES RIGHT AND Ll-
DERTY."—Kossuth's Protest against Russian Interven-

Subscriptions may be sent to the following bankers:—
Messrs. Coutts and Co.
Messrs. Drummond.
Messrs. Smith, Payne, and Smith ;
or to any one of the members of the committee recently
formed to carry out the Testimonial.
***All further Post-office orders to be made payable to Murdo
Young, Esq., at the Money Order Office, Strand.

10 4i-

Subscriptions already received ...
Per the Editor ofc Examiner :
Friends at Kelvedon ... ... 1 0 0
The Compositors at Messrs. Reynell & Weight's 1 10 6
Mr. Wm. A. Long, jun., Notion-under-Edge 1 0 0
Second Subscription of Working Jewellers' Work-

men .. 3 15 9
A Few Chartists, per Samuel Boonham ... 0 3 6
Per K. L. J., Limerick, second remittance ... 0 16 0
11. B. P., per Mr. Dunford, ... 0 2 6
Penny Subscriptions by the Frequenters of the
Sun Coffee-house, 118, Long-acre .
A Liberal Englishwoman, Warwickshire

0 9 0
0 f, 0

REPRESENTATION OF WEST SURREY.—RETIRE-
MENT OF ONE OF THE CANDIDATES.—GUILDFORD, AUG.
28.—Considerable surprise has been excited throughout
the western division of the county by the suddou retire-
ment of Mr. J. Ivatt Briscoe, the Liberal candidate,
who has recently completed one of the most successful
canvasses ever known here. A meeting of Mr. Bliscce's
friends has been held, and Mr. Briscoa being pre.sent,
gave in his formal resignation. He complained that the
Reform Club, the source from which he had been I, d to
expect the expenses of the election would be proridt d,
had attempted to exercise an undue dictation over him,
but this charge the Hon. Gentleman's friends distinctly
repudiated. Mr. Briscoe stated that, when he started,
he had been informed that there was great apathy in the
minds of the electors as to the choice of a candidate to
represent them, but he could assure them that such was
not the fact, as he bad met with a hearty reception
wherever he had been. Mr. Nicholson assured the meet-
ing that the electors were ready to tight the battle of
civil and religious liberty, and would never let a Pro-
tectionist walk over the course. He proposed that Mr.
R. W. Edgell, a magistrate of the county, should be
solicited to stand for the county. This was seconded by
Mr. G. Best, and carried nern. dis. Mr. Edgell said it
was impossible to give vent to hia feelings, the matter
had come upon him so suddenly. In consenting to stand
the contest, he might state that he was for civil and re-
ligious liberty in its most extended form; he was for an
extended suffrage, when the vote would be considered
not as a privilege, but as a right, and men might not be
tempted to buy and sell it. He was a free trader in all
respects, yet he meant no mischief to the agricultut al
interest. Several questions, all of which were satisfac-
torily answered, having been put to Mr. Edgell, a com-
mittee was appointed to take the necessary measures for
securing his return to Parliament for the western divi-
sion of the county of Surrey.
FEES ON PATENTS.—Extract from a return to the
House of Commons, from the Lord Chancellor's office,
of fees on patents, paid over to the Clerk of the Hanaper
(a sinecure office held by the Rev. Mr. Thurlow):—
£3,120 6 8
1839 .•• ••• 3,158 13 4
1840 ..• ,•• •••
••. 3,386 6 5
1841 .•• ••• ... 3,378 13 4
1842 2,859 6 8
1843 ... . . ... 3,220 0 0
1844 ... •.• 3,447 13 4
1845 ... 4,273 0 4
1846 ... 3.895 13 4
1847 ... ••• 3,954 6 8
Total ten years' income (exclusive
of church livings) ...
—Patent Journal.

£34,694 0 4

Total ... ... ... £972 15 7

REFUSAL OF GOVERNMENT TO ABANDON PAY*
RENT OF THE Hot' DUTY.—An answer has been
received from the Lords of the Treasury to the memorial
from a meeting of the hop planters of Sussex, pray ing
that the collection of the hop duty of 1848, falling due
in October and November, might not be enforced. To
this prayer their Lordships state they cannot accede.
The day fixed for the payment of the first instalment of
the postponed duty is the 15th of October. The second
instalment is payable on the 15th of Novomber.-11faid
stone Journal.
LIBERAL LANDLORDS.—Lord Harris returneLdeilt
per cent. and the Right Honourable Pae:i!lrornteo.njourngal.
20 per cent. at their last rent days•—fil :I The Cus-
toms SUPPLIES OF STATIONEItto
o.quu itrh
ey be made,into
tthoemssrßsoteamrdohfavreceipt and d
'
very of articles of s
greater economy, it
effect to the Treasury
t:trioornery
.r
givingeqe for the use of the
eerciasnedin
Customs
,depa.rt ing
control caused
since the commencement of the present par
books which had been whole bound
descriptiona o
appears
ss
teunatto
sr g thf eb necessity of
many
in vellum, have, under the direction of the inspector of
inding at the Stationery-office, been half-bound in cloth,
the backs being bound in vellum, and that paper of second
quality,
by
a but
diminutionsufficient
of for
e x
pt bee n
di purpose,ture,
u ho
n derwet'hNe•ehr,euadsedof,
heretoforewvehabveeenbeen
disallowed, allowed, eadn,dbudtireccousaissued
books and binding, will be effected. Certain articles
which
requisite, i thea,consideredi not
ex-
aminer of such demands is not only
that upon the receipt of demands for
toascertain stationery, thhae chic:
allowance is not exceeded, but th.at the demandt t tnot
made up of articles unnecessary for the conduct of the
public business.
The most brilliant victory is only the light of a
conflagration, which the tears of suffering humanity
slakes into a smoke, the faithful emblem of its mis-
called glory.—Eliza Cook's Journal.
CIIARING*CROSS HOSPITAL.—CHOLERA IVAnDS.
Yesterday a meeting of governors and committee of
management of this hospital was held in the board-room
of the institution. The report for ihe past year stated
that there had been 1,153 in and 14,347 out patients. Of
the latter class a large number were puor mat ried women
who bad been attended during their confinement at their
own homes. The total number of patients dating the
year was near 16,000 persons, being an increase over
the preceding year of 3,000. During the prevalence of
the present epidemic, tao wards have been devoted to
the reception of cholera patients.
Half the noblest passages in poetry are truisms ;
hut these truisms are the great truths of humanity; and
he is the true poet who draws them from their fountains
• , in elemental purity and gives us to drink.—Eliza Cook's
1 Journal.

LONDON AND BLACK WALL
RAILWAY.

The usual half•yearly meeting of this company
was held yesterday, at the London Tavern ; Mr.
J. N. Daniell, chairman of the board of directors, in
the chair.

The following was the report of the directors :
"The directors have to report that the works con-
nected with the alteration of gauge and the adaptation
of the railway to the locomotive system were so far com-
pleted on the 2d of April last as to admit of the line
being re-opened throughout on that day; and it has
since been worked by locomotive power.
" The traffic accounts for the- past half-year embrace
the charges under the locomotive and stationary engine
systems ; and do not, therefore, enable the proprietors
to jadge of the comparative costs of working under each.
The expenses, as contrasted with those of the corre-
sponding period of last year, however, exhibit a reduction
of 3,2071, nearly the whole of which may be attributed
to the change in the mode of traction.
" On the other hand there has been a diminution in
the receipts. But it must not be forgotten that during
the first three months of the year only one line was in
operation, working half-hour time, and it was only after
some experience with the locomotive power that it was
found practicable to resume working the trains every
fifteen minutes ; to which circumstances a considerable
portion of the falling off in the traffic must be ascribed.
" The following is the eomparstive statement of the
passenger traffic, during the firsts f x months of this and
last year:—

1848. 1849.
Passengers. Amount. Passengers. Amount.
January 190,958 £3,272 110 149,479 £2,650 15 6
February 148,690 2,527 5 0 111,014 1,944 6 0
March 166,834 2,822 0 7 100,268 1,738 10 6
April 189,058 3,229 7 7 201,915 3,553 17 0
May ..... 314,222 5,496 2 2 199,329 3,530 10 8
June 264,207 4,676 0 8 233,152 4,140 12 10

1,273,969 £22,022 17 10 995,137 £17,558 12 6
" The advantages of the extension-line to Bow and
the Eastern Counties_ltailway have not yet been deve-
loped, by reason of no satisfactory arrangement having
been effected with the Eastern Counties Company, for
the joint working of the lines; ner has any benefit been
derived from the East and West India Dock and Bir-
mingham Junction Railway, from which sources the
directors reasonably look for a large augmentation of
the passenger-traffic.
" The director 3 have to make the following remarks
upon the accounts, which are already in the hands of
the shareholders :

" The revenue account shows a balance of
3,162/. 17s. 2d., which amount is placed at the dis-
posal of the proprietors.
"During the half-year a sum of 1,988/. has been paid,
under a decree of the Court of Chancery, for tithes in
dispute, being 467/. less than the amount claimed, and
the directors have, with the approbation of the auditors,
charged 5251. in the present revenue account, leaving
the balance to be spread over the three succeeding half-
years, in equal amounts.
" In accordance with the promise made in the last
report, the directors have caused to be prepared separate
statements of the accounts for the extension-line and for
the adaptation of the main-line to locomotive power.
" The extension account, therefore, now includes only
such charges as appertain to the cost of that line, the
payments on account of which amount to 236,586 Z _To
this sum must be added the amount due for works,
18,3761., and from the total there must be deducted the
value of the surplus property, estimated at 39,0081.,
showing that the actual cost of the line will be 215,954/.
This amount includes 10,000/. for the substitution of a
brick for a wooden viaduct, 17,5231. for interest on paid-
up capital and loans, and 6,300 Z for rolling stock, none of
which were included in the original estimate of 200,0001.
" The cost of the alteration of gauge and the adapta-
tion of the main line to the locomotive system of work-
. ing, after deducing the old materials sold, has been
43,7841., and the sum of 1,500/. is still due in respect
thereof, hut upon the value of the stationary engines and
ocher machinery, estimated at 12,000/., being deducted,
the amount will be reduced to 33,284/. This sum in-
cludes 2.650 L for parapet wall, 1,7571. for roofing and
screens, 2,571/. for new goods warehouses, 1,175/. for
alterations of platforms, and other items amounting to
2,133/., which were not included in Mr. Locke's esti-
mate of 26,046/., laid before the proprietors in February,
1847, and it must be observed that the expense of alter-
ing the carriages has been increased to 6,7821., by the
substitution of entirely new under-frames and wheels,
for the mere alteration of the gauge of the wheels.
" With the desire to afford the shareholders every
possible information as to the financial position of the
company, the directors have appended to the accounts,
as audited, a statement of assets and liabilities, which
shows that 61,945/. will be the probable sum requited
beyond the present share capital, of 1,266,0001., to pro-
vide for the cost of changing the system of working, the
Parliamentary charges, and the excess of the cost of the
extension line beyond the estimate. The directors re-
commend that this sum should be raised by the issue of
debentures, which will ultimately be the only mortgage
upon the undertakinz."

The CamastAN, in moving the adoption of the
report, assured the meeting that the accounts were
true and correct, and promised still further vigilance
on the part of the executive with regard to economy.
The proprietors would perceive by the accounts that
a great saving had been effected in the working ex-
penses, from substituting the locomotive for the rope.
The report having been adopted,
Mr. GOLDSMID proposed a resolution, to the effect
that a committee of five proprietors be appointed to
consider whether any and what measures can be
adopted to increase the revenue, decrease the expendi-
ture, and improve the mode of administering the
affairs of the company; that the committee send a
copy of their report to each proprietor at least one
week before convening a special meeting to con-
bider it.

The resolution gave rise to a good deal of desultory
discusssion, but the directors seeing nothing objec-
tionable in the motion it was ultimately put and
agreed to. _ _

The following gentlemen were then elected on the
committee—Messrs. Goldsmid, Coleman, and Carlisle,
with power to nominate the other two.
A resolution was then proposed authorising the
directors to divide the balance alluded to in the report
amongst the proprietors, but it was rejected and the
amount ordered to be carried to the next account.
Thanks were then voted to the Chairman, and the
meeting terminated.