The Sun.
London, England, 1813-04-15 00:00:00

less thatietspected, ',STA that In tontetteenre, tjitt
prices of .Amerienn cotton, notwith,taliding the
enconragement given to , ihtrort them largely,'
remain at or near theft present rates. If t.
then correct in this, conclusion, the proposed
rate of -(luties would not eduse any pressure DO
American nacre ifts,-.4)etthat their cultivation, not-
withstanding thOsedittles, would eiiioy an increased
stiwalus frorethe advantaggOf price here, without
securing the advantageLa a certainty of larger'
'to the spinner.
" Y have, my Lord, next to contemplate the
probable results that may be expetted, if the hn,.
port of Aineriean cottons is restricted to British
,ships from neutral ports., The adoption of this
measure mouldhe r'etur'ning to the system of our
avVati.on Jews, and the pertieunanee of an act of
,justice to the Britiah ship-minters. This system,
I will venture to aisere, ought never to be depart-
ed from, but under circumstances of the most ur-
gent pressure andinecessity, such as in the present
case, .1 humbly contend do not exist. Our- naval
greatuess and commercial consequence are admit-
ted to be closely connected, it not dependent up-
on oil-r adherence to its principles, and that they
cannot lie departed from, without feeding the re-
sources cif the enemy, or the neutral, at our ex-
pence. The jestice,und wisdom of such a system, '
I trust, cannot he questioned, but entertain
doubts, whether adhereneaoto it would he suffici-
ent to prOduee tiny serious pressure upon the cul-
tivation or, interests of America. The freight,
itt-
surttece. and other charges on the transport 'Cif
cotton horn the United States to Lisbon, Cadiz,
or Gottenhuvgh, as intermediate ports, would pro-
bebly be equal in amount to these charges upon a
direct import from 'America to this country. The
freight in British vessels from midi second. ports,
would notbe less than '2d. per pound (durieg the
American noir-intercourse they were frOm `,!.'d to
3d.) the insurance, transit duty, commissions,
charges of landing, warehousing, enilre-shipping
would probably amount to ncear!y much more,
making an actual arhl ition ebarge of 44 :yid lam
ofopiuina, that try would Mite the risk of
daulage from
,these transhipments, tilt hazard of
great delay, thetas of interest on capital the
increased uneertaintV, of market from its being
onore remote, for .less than 2d :more, making, hi
all a difference of 6d., which w;th the duty of '2a.
. tow payable,
.would Stilt leave a bonus for the
planter and importer of 4d.• per pound ; for, with
such a system of restricted import, the ditlieulties
Would be increased, the supply might theretOre
he expected to he less, and the prObability «f thus
present prices belie: fully supported, would there.
by he strengthened, so that even then;. unless a
much higher duty was also laid; no pressure
would he produced on American cultivation by
this Measure ; but,. on the other hand, the ship
owners would havejpsi.ice dealt out to them, they
would then at leist participate in this trade, and
to that extent lessen, the many, heavy disadvan-
tages and evils', with which they have at present
to contend ; 'but it is not op this ,grourid only,
that their claims depend, to at least the extent.,
that the import of American cotton might take
place under neutral flags, I am of opinion, the
import from the. Brazils and, India would be di
minished ; and to that client British shipping
winiti he depilved of employment in bringing the
cottons of these countries to the' United King-•
dour, which they would pthervilse possess., mid
which would be heaping additiopal injury on their
heads.

«I have now, my Lord, to consider the last and
most important of these .resolts,---a total prohibi•
tion.of import luring, the war, and, to -contemplate
the effects likely to be protinceti.on the United
States on the one part, and upon the cotton ma-
nufactures of this country'on the other, was gut+
a measure to be adopted.

The prosperity of the .SOuthern States of Nine-,
Tien is dependent upon the ent:ivntion• of cotton
the tokysco Ot,..oest. Statesis-of Inferior itultlity;
and now ,upplttntetl by that of Vie ginia I:titd:Maq.;
land; rice is the only other substitute for celti'va-
tion ; it its Of limited c4,11S111;:pti011y UI will now
be exAnded from this cottony by the heavy duty
lately laid to protect the irnpor (rout Titdut ;
present, a market is found in tilt! .Peninsula, but
of which they iwty soon be 'deprived by siippiiel
from the Butills, from India, and the Aleditev-
eaneao. This iirtiele•will. not keep over the `ea-
:,u in Alnetica, the cultivation, twder these eir-
eunistances, is,theiefOre,too•hatsrdous to be et-
tended to the cotton lands.. .

" ]f America is deprival of the British Market for
her cottons, the cultivation would languish and
be depressed; a part might find its-way to France
at an immense .expense of freigla and insurance ;
a part might be carried to. the north of Europe
and Austria. for the splinting of those countries ;
and a further part would be consumed in her borne
manufacture : hut .the whole taken ow by these
vents would bear but a Mall proportion) to the
usual aggregate growth. The;spintung and weav-
i!lg of cotton maybe expected to increase in Amy-
the government holds ont every inducement
likb she 'posiesseS to, forward tliee measures ;.
hot, frOm.their nature, "the progress must be slow
to erect a spinning mill on a large scale, and to
construct the niachine'ry on the most Approved
even iu Man Chester, with.every advan-
tage that oXperience, abundance, of the best
workmen, and materials.on the spot, can bestow,
is a w"ork of font* tq fitze years ; what tine, then,
must it not re'quire to do so, in: the United States,.
where all is comparatively in infancy ?---Americit
an agricultural, not a inanufactitritig country,
hcfr population too scanty:and' too scattered, and
the price of labonr :toa high, to flintit at present
of beneficial restilts,.,or. extensA!.e undertakings.
port Allot declaration of war in AMerica, but pre-
vious to the knoWledge of the repeal of the Orders
in Council, and consequent -large import of ma-
nufactures front hence ; ,lAriti§h goods, were
such demand, that inmany,,instances they sofa at
an advance of 100 per cent. in the face 4,..the
Americansmanufitctures which I well remember,
tinise tvh6 opposed the Orders in Connail, in .their
evidence held up' sit fOtnitlable, and as c.ontaining,
the seeds Of future destruction to the fabrics of
'this country.

(To be Continued.)

TIJOSTAS WOOD, of No.-711i Strand; and lanblisl
NO4 11 -St:awl; wiicre-.lllvo tiernients. Qrderi