The Sun.
London, England, 1849-04-06 00:00:00

EMIGRATION.

Amongst the various important subjects which now
occupy the public mind, there is hardly ones which
engrosses more attention than that of emigration.
Sinco the rar the population of this country has
nearly doubled; but, notwiti.tanding the Heat im-
provements in ltieh have taken place in agricultural
science, and the vast enclosures of waste lands which
have been made and cultivated, the increased supply
of food has not kept puce with the addition to the num-
bers who consume it; and although our manufactures
have progressed amazingly during the same
period, and the produce in that branch of industry
has been at last quadrupled, yet the intro;:uction of
machinery has to a very great extent superseded
manual labour—that is to say, the demand for labour
has not been in proportion to the quantity of manufac-
tured goods brought into the market, nor is the supply
of food adequate to the wants of the present inhabitants
of the land—thus we have a pauper population in the
midst of a rich and thriving country. This painful fact
has repeatedly been forced upon the attention of the
Government, whose duty soma suppose it to be
to provide a remedy; but as they are lukewarm in the
matter, philanthropists have turned their attention to
the subject, and we have now existing organised societies,
established with the view of affirding info; ma:ion to
those who are desirous of emigrating, and of assisting
them in the selection of suitable sites in certain of our
colonies which afford ample fields for skill and enterprise,
with the almost certainty that industry is sure to result
in success.

Price

45%
220

41108.
15%
24

514
184
202

Price,

Price.

A well-devised scheme of emigration, conducted upon
sound and equitable principles, must be productive of
benefits to the mother country—that, we believe, is a
proposition so universally admitted as not to require or.e
word of argument to support it; but we would just point
out, en passant, one or two of such benefits which im
mediately occur to the mind; in the first place, the country
is relieved of its redundant population, pauperism is
reduced, and the rate payers pockets are saved, the
supply of labour is more equally balanced in reference
to the demand, and whilst on the one hand the employer
will always be able to secure good and efficient workmen,
the latter will receive a fair day's wages for a fair day's
work. Again, those who are driven by circumstances
to seek in our fertile and extensive colonies, that
which is denied them at home, will find in the vast
prairies of Australia, and the rich district of Eastern
Texas, sources of comparative wealth and comfort. The
new settlements, when farmed, are sure to furnish so
many fresh markets for the sale of our manufactures;
and thus, whilst Emigrants enrich themselves, and add
to their individual and social happiness, they will contri-
bute to the prosperity of their mtive laud by the in-
creased stimulus which they give to the home market.
So far as Australia is concerned, the principal demand
is for labour; already have capitalists visited that far-off
colony—already have settlements been formed, which
are thriving in the highest degree, and to the labouring
classes we know not of any spot on the face of the globe
which is better fitted for their reception than Australia.
Societies are now in esistence for facilitating emigration
to that colony; and hundreds, nay thousands of the
poorer classes have wisely availed themselves of the fa-
vourable opportunities thus afforded.

The arrangements then for aiding the mechanics and
labourers are to a certain extent systematically organised ;
but the small capitalist, the man who has struggled hard,
but ineffectually, to obtain a comfortable subsistence for
himself and family, has been left to depend mainly upon
his own wits, in the selection of district for his future
enterprise; he has been confused by conflicting opinions,
he has hesitated through fear of reaching a wild and
trackless waste, without a hand to greet, a heart to
cherish, or a mind to direct him; in his hesitation he
has desponded, and desponding he has abandoned
the thought, and preferred remaining in comparative
penury, to speculating upon his chances of success. Now,
however, the desideratum is supplied. Our columns last
week and this contain notices from the " United States
Emigration Society," which will be read with much in-
terest by the class of persons to which we allude. From
these we find that a Society is formed, with the sole ob-
ject of affording the small capitalists that full informa-
tion and assistance which they so much require. The
names of the gentlemen connected with it are quite suf-
ficient to establish the bona fides of the undertaking, arid
the scheme itself appears riot only a plausible, but a very
excellent one. The Society has possessed itself of 153,400
acres of land in Hopkins County, Eastern Texas, in a
very desirable situation; this (after reserving one fourth
to themselves, which they afterwards intend to sell at ihe
market value by way of profit) they propose to divide
into 1,910 lots of 80 acres each, and to locate thereon
1,910 families, who are to be supplied with the land at
the cost price, and to have secured to them the titles—a
very important feature indeed in the undertaking. Every
information is to be afforded to intending emigrants--to
use the words of the prospectus, as to " the quality of the
laud—its contiguity to the markets—the cost of labour,
and the value of produce—facilities of transport—as well
as the climate and the healthiness of the district." The
Society is pledged " not to speculate in lands by pur-
chase or resale on their own account;" and then they
state that they agree to "sell at cost price, adding men ly
thereto a commission graduated proportionately to the
number of acres in each farm or location, founded on the
cost and expenses attending the emigrant's transport to
the spot." This is also of great importance. The emi-
grant is to be spared the trouble of preparing for his
voyage, his expenses are paid direct to the locality se.
lected, and he is relieved from anxiety as to the future,
for six months' provisions are furnished, together with
other things mentioned in detail in the advertisements,
and to which therefore we need not here more particu•
lar:y direct attention.
From the ample information contained in a lengthy
prospectus, and the valuable advice which is appended to
it, it is unnecessary that we should say more—the scheme
commends itself, and we shall be very much surprised
indeed if the new settlement be nut very speedilyformed.
—Exetx Flying Post.

LORD CLARENDON AND THE
IRISH DEPUTATION.
We have authority for stating that the report of
the interview between Lord Clarendon and certain
Irish Members of Parliament which has been pub-
lished in the newspapers is incorrect in several essen-
tial particulars. We believe that Sir Lucius O'Brien,
in presenting the memorial in favour of Mr. Duffy,
,stated that no doubt was entertained of his guilt, and
Lord Clarendon, naturally assuming that Sir Lucius
represented the opinions of the deputation, expressed
his surprise and regret at a course so unprecedented
having been pursued as to pray that a person should
not be brought to trial of whose guilt no doubt was
entertained.
More than one member of the deputation repu-
diated the opinion of Sir L. O'Brien, and said that if
they had been aware of his so intending to express
himself, they would not have accompanied the depu-
tation.

Lord Clarendon stated that of course no man could
be considered guilty until he was proved to be so,
and that he apprehended Sir Lucius must have allud, d
to the articles of the Nation, the character of which
was unquestionable, and to the belief generally enter-
tained that eleven out of the twelve jurymen who
tried Mr. Duffy had pronounced him guilty. Lord
Clarendon added, that it was hardly necessary for him
to say that there existed no vindictive feeling what-
ever against Mr. Duffy, but that the Government was
bound, as far as lay in its power, to secure that justice
should be firmly and impartially administered, and it
could not therefore yield to such a representation in
behalf of Mr. Duffy.
In reply to a member of the deputation, Lord
Clarendon disclaimed any intention of passing cen-
sure upon them, but had thought it right to state
that although representations in favour of mercy or
commutation of sentence were usual, yet that to the
best of his belief there was no precedent for remon-
strating against the trial of a person, particularly,
too, when that person had not expressed the slightest
con'rition for what he had dote, or had offered any
pledge that he would not repeat the same offences
if mercy were extended to him. The course pur-
sued by the gentlemen who signed the memorial
was calculated to do injury to the individual they
intended to serve, but Lord Clarendon undertook to
assure them that Mr. Duffy should in no way be pre-
judiced by it.
There were other inaccuracies in the report; for
instance, it is insinuated that Lord Clarendon gave
such short notice of his intention to receive the depu-
tation that few members were able to attend, whereas
he received on Friday night a letter from Mr. Fagan
requesting an appointment, and on Saturday an an-
swer was sent to that gentleman's house appointing
Monday, but he had left town. Again, it is stated
that Lord Clarendon intended to return an answer to
the memorial in writing; he made no such intima-
tion, nor was there ever any question of his doing so;
but we have reason to believe that this is not the first
time that garbled reports of official interviews have
been furnished to the newspapers by Irish deputa-
tions, and we strongly recommend all official persons,
for their own protection, as well as the information of
the public, never to undergo those ordeals except in
,he presence of a shorthand writer.
T

_NITED STATES GOVERNMENT AND THE
NAVIGATION LAWS.—The following is an extract from
a letter dated Washington, Match 17, published in the
New York Herald of the 20th ult.; —" .1 learn that a
confidential message has been communicated to the
Senate by Mr, Clayton, in answer to Mr. Webster's call
for the instructions upon which Mr. Bancroft based his
proposition for a reciprocity of the freedom of the
coasting trade between the two countries, referred to by
Mr. Labouchere in the British House of Commons. It
is understood that no such instructions ever emanated
from the Department of State to Mr. Bancroft; and, if
the subject was ever mentioned in the official corre-
spondence of the late Secretary of State, Mr. Buchanan,
it was in terms of direct and positive refusal. A sort
of informal proposition was submitted to the Govern-
ment through Mr. Bancroft last summer by Lord Pal-
merston, for a free trade in ships, to be secured by a
convention, by which American vessels would be natu•
ralized in British ports, and British vessels in American
ports. The question as to how far it would be advanta-
geous to the United States was mooted, but no conclusion
ever arrived at."

THE LIVERPOOL MURDERS.—Mary Parr, the ser-
vant girl of the late Mrs. li.•nrichson, expired at six
o'clock yesterday morning, having survived the in-
juries received from the murder of her mistress but
little more than a week. The funeral of the family
occurred on Wednesday morning last, in the presence
of thousands of spectators, at the Cemetry, St. J4oloB'B.
mount.

MAUNDAY THURSDAY.
Tlese ancient and royal charities were distributed to
thii iv agoi men and women, with the usual formalities,
in Whitehall Chapel. At three o'clock in the afternoon,
a procession, consisting of a yeoman usher and twelve
yeoawn of tt:e Guard (one carrying the alms on a ,701 d
saint.); the Rev. Dr. Jell, nab-almoner; Joseph liana
bury, E, q., secretary arid 3 eoman, the assistant, accout•
penied by six children (three boys and three girls) !row
the Natiotal Schools in Westminster, who had bra
selected for their goad conduct to participate ill this pi...
vilege. The procession was join. dat the entrance of the
chapel by the Lord Bishop of Oxterd, Lord High Al-
moaer ; also by the choristers, gentlemen, and priests of
the Chapel Royal, St. James, and by the Sub• Dean,
Rev. Dr. Wesley:

Ti.e clergy and officers having taken their respective
seats, the Church service appointed for the atterfloos
countncl,d.

Exhortation, Confession, Absolution,
41st Psalm (the grand ellaunt).

First Lesson—St. DI it thew, xxv. chap., verse 14.
" For the kingdom of Ileac en is as a man travelling
into a far country, who ealhd his owu servants, and de'
livered unto them his goods."
(Continued to verse 31 )
First Anthem (41st
" Blessed is he that eotuidereLh the poor and nerdy;
the Lord 5h,,11 delivered him in the time of trouble."—
Nares.

IL 15.;. distributed to each woman.
To each man shoes and stockings.
Second Anthem (a prayer).
" Hide not thou thy face from us, 0 Lord, and cast
not off t by servants in thy displ. asure, for w© confess out
sins unto thee, an I hide not our unrighteousness." " For thy mercy's sake, deliver us from all our sins.'
—Farrant.

Woollen and linen clothes distlibuted.
Third Anthom (61st Paulm).
641 verse. " 0 1,,,rd, grant the Queen a long life, that
her years may endure throughout all generations."
7th verse. ":she than dwell before God for ever 0
prepare thy loving mercy and faithfulness, that they mg
preserve her."

132 d Ps dm, 18th verse. " As for her enemies, clothe
them ri h shame ; but upou herself let her croft'
flourish."—Nares.

Purst s distributed.
Second Lesson.—St. Mathew, 25th chap., begin v.
" When the son of man shall come in his glory, and AD
the holy angels with him, than shall he sit upon the
thio:-.63 of his glory." (Continued to the end.)
Fourth Anthem.
Isaiah 63d, Ist verse. " Who is this that cometh frog'
Rions that is glorious in his apparel, travelling in t 10;
greatness of his strength? I that spJak in rightsousuesos
mighty to save."
16th verse. "Doubtless Thou art our Father, our Re'
deemer. Thy name is from everlasting."
Matthew 21st, 9th verse. " Hosannah to the Son 01
David: Blessed is he that cometh in the name of the
Lord: Hoss,nnah in the highest! Amen."—Arnold.
Two prayers composed for the occasion, viz.:—
" 0 Lord, the Sovereign of the world, we acknowledge
that Thine is the greatness, and the power, and the glory;
and the victory, and the majesty, for all that is in to
heaven and in the earth is Thine. Thine is the kingdoms
0 Lord, and Thou art exalted as head above all:
n hod;
riches and honour come of Thee, and Thou reigeso
over all. In Thy hand is power and might, and in TO
hand it is to make great, and to give strength unto all.
Now, therefore, our God, we thank Thee and praise
Thy glorious name, that Thou bast not only bestesseu greatness and majesty upon our Sovereign Lady, Queen
Victoria, but hast given her a heart also to take cony
passion on them that are below her, and show awl
unto the poor and needy. Accept, most Gracious Go of this tribute, which she pays unto Thee, the giver oall 1
good things, and make her still more fruitful
abundant in these and all other good works, that hi
mercy and truth she may be preserved, and her throne
upholden by mercy; and s it up the hearts of all those
who hive now been partakers of her bounty, to be trill/
thankful unto Thee for and both to bless and praise
Thee continually for setting such a pious Princess 001
us, and also pray most earnestly that Thou woulds',
reward her charity with a long and prosperous reign
in this world, and; with a heavenly kingdom in the
world to come, through Jesus Christ, our Lord sad 011/
Saviour. Amer."
"Most blessed God, who art good and does good, 1194,
takest pleasure in those that fear Thee and imitate Th)
goodness, look down from Heaven, the throne of ThY
glory, upon us, Thy servants here prostrate before
Thee, who thankfully acknowledge that we have 1111
thing but what we have received from Thee, and, there
fore, can give Thee nothing but what is Thine ova;
Fill our hearts, we beseeeh Thee, with a lively sense o'
Thy fatherly goodness which bath bestowed so mad
benefits upon us that we are not able to number theal
and likewise given us to understand the happiness 9'
doing good with them; and assist us with the power 01(
Thy floly Spirit that we may be faithful stewards
Thy manifold gifts and graces, following the steps of el 9
Lord and Master, Christ, whom Thou hast sent into the
world to be a pattern to us of hun,bk goodness; unto which
we pray Thee to question us by the consideration the we are but strangers and sojourners, as all our fathers were!!
oar days on the earth being as a shadow, and there"
no abiding. That so nothing may tempt us to be bier
minded, nor to trust in uncertain riches, but in Thee'
the living God, who givest us all thing richly to enjot
that we may do good, and be rich in good works, reacll
to distribute, willing to communicate, laying up in store
for ourselves a good foundation for the time to comet
that we lay hold on eternal life. And we most humbq beseech Thee, in a special manner, to bless her Majesti:
whom thou has: set Over us, keep thisever in the though'
of her heart, to endeavour to do much good with 0,9
power which Thou hast given her, and thereby megaig
Thee exceedingly in the sight of all the people of these
realms, and bestow upon her such royal majesty as ha')
not been on any hii,ce before her. All which we bel
for the sake of Jesus Christ, our most blessed Lord aa
Saviour, to whom with thee and the Holy Ghost be all
honour and glory, world without ecd. Amen."
The Prayer for the Queen.
The Clergy present were the Rev. Dr. Wesley, Sob'
Dean; Priests, the Rev. Dr. Vivian, Dr. Knapp, Itte;
Clarke Haden, Rev. Thomas Helmore, Rev. J. Thomas, Rev. W. Hull, Rev. H. Repton, Rev.
Xt.
Jones, and the Rev. J. H. Howlett.
e lc
hßaopymaal
nw, e
Br My' ebsusr7;
Bareby, Clarke,
The Gentlemen of the Chapel
Martin, and Locky.
The number of recipients of the Royal Charities wet;
thirty men and thirty women, corresponding with t 9"
ag., of her most Gracious Mak sty.
Amongst the recipients of the Royal Alms was an 01"1 man, decorated with a war medal for the capture 91
Guadalupe, and a sharp action on board the Sea Lark.
PASSION WEEK.—On Monday and Tuesday la, r 314:
jesty's royal bounties were distributed, at Whitehall, to
the customary number of poor and aged persons, 19°
eluding numerous cases of blindness and other infirral'
ties. Also, the Royal Gate Alms to a limited nunabef
of recipients.

RAILWAY SHARE MARKETS.
BRISTOL, APRIL 5.
botit
STocri EXCHANGE.—Thesha, e market to-day was flrm, but wit-- _ any material alteration in prices. The sales are—ureat Wester''
Quarter Shares, 2% dis.— Taff Vale (New), % p,
LIVEItPOOL, APRIL 5.
SrocK EXCHANGE. —The transactions to-day were very limited'
and prices rather lower.
MANCHESTER, APRIL 5.
STOCK EXCHANGE.—The sales are —Sheffield, Eighths, s—Eal
Lancashire, preference, VA—Great Northern 9
dls.—Sheffield
Lincoln, 14% Ms.—Dover (No. 4), 71,4 c.
BIRMINGHAM, APRIL 5.
STOCK EXCHANGE.—The transactions to-day have been as to!'
lows :—Caledonian, IA —Shrewsbury ~(B), 3% dis.—South Stafford'
shire, 31. 13s. 9d. dis.

YR 4.
STOCX EXCHANGE —The b O
sine sAPRIL
transacted to-day was as 0.1.4
lows :—North British, Preference, 3s. P.—Sheffield, Rotherham, "4
Goole, N. Div., guaranteed 5 per cent., 84York, Newcastle, an,
Berwick Newcastle Extension), 18—Ditto (G. N. E. purchase,'
71. 3s. 9d.

_
NE WC A STLE-TJPON-TYNE, APRIL 5. _
STOCK EXCHANGE.—The business done in the Stock Exchange tr„
day has been as follows : Newcastle and Carlisle 102 Ditw
(Scrip), 102 }i —Norfolk, 39—York, Newcastle, and Berwick, 241 i .
GLASGOW, Aram 4.
STOCK EXCIIANGE.—Thr following are to-day's transacong
Caledonian, Preference, 11% -_ Glasgow, Kilmarnock, and A)
Halves (No. 1), 6% —Ditto (No. 2), 61. 18s.—Great Northern,
24s.—Scotti
Hal h
vesguaranteed
Central, 23 4 per %
cent., 4% —North British, PreferenCet
s.

EXPORTS OF TIN.—A return moved for by Sir
Charles Lemon states the tin exported from the ports o'e
Cornwall between the years 1840 and 1849 to have
amounted to 77.953 cwt. The foregoing return exhibitii
the quantities of tin, shipped to foreign ports only.
Emigration from Lincoln Shire seems greatly On the
increase; a few days since nearly 50 persons at on( •
started from the Midland station in Lincoln for America;
about 20 of the number came up by the Great NortherU
from the neighbourhood Of Boston.

On the 30th ult.,at SistonßlßT
ReHctory, the wife of the Rev.
T. 13. Croome, of a son.
On the
,3d inst., at Trinidad-place, Islington, the wife of
A. D. Harston, Esq., of a son.
On the 3d inst., at Stockwell-place, Clapham, Mrs. Sims, of a daughter.

On the 31st ult., at St. George's Church, St. George's-in"
the-East, A. Hope, Esq ,to Jessie Matilda, daughter of S.
Perkins, Esq., Princes•square, London.
At St. Clement Danes, on the 3d inst., the Baron Gabriel
de Mahan, third son of the late Comte Jules de Milian, of
Cartres, France, to Marian, second daughter of the late Mr.
H. Adcock.
On the 4th inst., at St. Vedast, alias Foster, Foster.lane,
Cheapside, John Brown, youngest son of Mr. George Brown,
of Marypost, Cumberland, to Elizabeth, youngest daughter
of Mr. T. Marshall, of Chancery-lane London.

On the sth inst., at AdelphDDIE.
i-terraee, Mary, wile of Mr.
Charles States, aged 68.
On the 29th ult., at Migvie-house, Aberdeen, Major.
General Davil Forbes, ÜB., late of the 78th Highlanders.
On the 30th ult., at Eynestord-court-lodge, Kent, Mr. P.
Ray, aged 70.
On the 31st ult., at Kempsey, near Worcester, Charlotte
Maria, youngest daughter of E. Southouse, Esq., formerly a
Judge of the Supreme Court at Montreal.
Parl b
On the 2d inst., at Manaton, Dev.m, aged 80, John A.
y, Esq., magistrate of the county
Oa the :-41 inst., at Chelsea, Elizabeth, wife of Mr. T. C.
Smith, Secretary to the Church Association, Southampton-
street, St, and.
On the M inst., at Hendon, Middlesex, Edward Webster
Bullock Webster, Esq., Deputy Lieutenant of the county,
and Treasurer of the New River Company.
On the 3d inst., at Great James-street, Bedford-row, aged
77, Mrs. Elizabeth Austin, the mAher of George Austin,
E q, of Calcutta.
On the 4th inst., Elizabeth, eldest daughter of E. Eagle-
ton, Esq., of Blacheath, Kent.
On the 3d_inst , at Lewisham, Anna Maria, the wife of A.
Smith, Esq.

London: Printed and Published by MURDO YOUNG, of
No. 112, Strand, Printer, at The Sun Office, No. 112,
Strand, in the Precinct of the Savoy, in the comity of
Middlesex, Friday, April 6,1849.