The Sun.
London, England, 1825-07-15 00:00:00

scheme, that of sending ships with broken bot-
toms, or no bottoms, those that will not swim to
repair in foreign countries; there is however some
doubt whether the British seamen are sufficiently
eulightened to look quietly on and see foreign
seamen come to all the ports and man the ship-
ping to the exclusion of themselves; whenever
this experiment is tried; a little. vigour beyond
the law may be necessary to enforce obedience,
or a more sagacious admonition in the interim ;
a seaman's institute may be established, and cos-
mopolite principles infused for their instruction.
Wonderful philanthrophy! that can undertake
to govern a great country by admonition alone.
.Hever any of those threatened measures are at-
tempted to be enforced, then will be seen how
cautious a nation should be of adopting the sound
principles of philosophers and economists ; then
it will be seen that the unions en masse are still
going on, and that they attend no more to thou-
dering admonitions, while there is no law to pre-
vent them from combining, than they have done
to the admonitions of the now despised masters
who employ and pay them. Mankind is not to
be governed by philanthrophy, sentimental phi-
losophy, nor political economy ; as well might they
undertake to keep smooth the expansive ocean's
rolling billows, when acted on by the sweep-
ing hurricane and tornado's blasts, as to
attempt to govern mankind without laws to en-
force subordination and discipline, secure civil
rights, to restrain passions and prejudices, and to
punish whenever punishment is necessary. There
has been .much said in favour of learning,
lessening crime,.and insubordination ; the fact is,
the more learning the more abilities, and fre-
quently more subtility, which make laws more
necessary to enforce obedience— laws should be
imprinted iti firm characters; in a clear black
letter, that he that runs may read, equally effica-
cious to protect or punish. Impotent laws are a
disease in the body politic—and when made to
protect combination, are a cover to conspiracy, to
extortion, to evil designs, and are weapons in the
hands of evil-minded men.

X. X.

ENGLISH and FRENCH before CADIZ.

" CADIZ, JUNE 24.
cc His Britannic Majesty's frigate Active, lion.
Captain ItonsEY, arrived here on the lfith inst. from Algiers
and Gibraltar, having on board the Portuguese Minister, M.
Pereim to the Dey of Algiers, and a son of Sir B. Bloomfeld.
" The envoy paid over to the Dey 64,000 dollars. His
Highness expressed himself satisfied, and the ancient rela-
tions of friendship were renewed between the two Governments,
when the Portuguese Consul was permitted to land, and to
assume his diplomatic functions. When the Active arrived in
the hay of Cadiz, she was hailed by a French brig of war,
which is stationed at the mouth of the bay to enforce the qua-
rantine laws ; the commander of the frigate replied, that as he
was coming into a Spanish port, he would recognize no flag hut
that of the Spanish nation. A mutual explanation took place,
and the boat belonging to the Board of Health was immediately
dispatched to put the usual questions to the frigate, when they
were informed that she had come from Algiers. Though hav-
ing remained at Gibraltar seven days, and at the same time
producing a clean bill of health, yet a question arose as to the
propriety of her being admitted to pratique. An extraordinary
Board of Health assembled , :hree o'clock to decide this im-
portant matter: President, the Commander.in-chief of the
French forces. The French interest at the Board was against
her being admitted, unless she passed her usual quarantine ;
but the Spaniards felt so pleased when they were informed that
the British commander would not acknowledge the French flag,
that they all voted that she should be allowed pratique. Her
boats were consequently permitted to come on shore on Sunday
morning about seven o clock, after remaining twenty-four hours
in quarantine ground.
" On the Tuesday following the packet from England arrived
off Cadiz, having a passage of ten days. She was brought to
by the French brig about seven o'clock in the evening, in the
quarantine ground, to wait the arrival of the health officers;
the moment the commanding officer of the Active saw her en.
ter the bay, he manned his boat and went alongside of the
packet, to know, what assistance he could render her, or if she
required any, at the same time offering to put on shore imme-
diately the mails, and to provide her with such necessaries as
she might stand in need of. When the Captain of the French
brig saw the Active's boat alongside the packet, he sent an
impertinent message to know " who had the temerity to board
the packet without his orders ?" The answer returned was, that
the Commanding-officer of His Britannic Majesty's frigate
Active, agreeably to, and in conformity with, Admiralty orders,
dared to board His Majesty's packet, and would every other
English vessel which should enter the bay of Cadiz during her I
stay there, whether it should not be agreeable to the French
commander.

" The French took offence, and they now say they will put
up no longer with•such insults, but that their orders must be
implicitly obeyed.
The Active leaves this to-morrow for her destination. All
on board to perfect health.
" It is supposed that the late regulations respecting the vic-
tualling of the navy have been attended with good effect ; that
is, substituting, in some measure, a vegetable diet for animal,
and tea and cocoa for rum. This, I have no doubt, in hot
climates, and on long voyages, will be found very conducive to
health.
" Mr. Richardson, who was here a few days ago in his
yacht, and from whom 200 sovereigns had been taken by the
Spaniards at the gates of the city, was obliged, by advice of
the Consul, to compromise the matter for fifty pounds. Ile got
the remainder restored to him, with a few family trinkets,
which happened to be in the same box. This should operate
as a useful lesson to others who may feel inclined to visit the
remains of the beautiful city of Cadiz."

AdvicPs were received yesterday from Bogota
to the 18th of May, and from Carthagena to the Bth of that
month. Intelligence had arrived at the former place, confirm-
ing the statement we gave a few days back of the total defeat of
OLANETA, the last of the Spanish Generals in Upper Peru. • It
appears that two actions were fought, one on the 2d and the
• other on the 4th of March, and that they took place in the
neighbourhood of La Paz. The dispersion of the Spanish force
was complete. OLANETA had escaped, but had only a few
followers with him, and was supposed to be making an attempt
to cross the continent, with the view of gaining the Brazilian
territory.. We have no details of either of the above engage-'1
ments ; but it is stated that SUCRE, the Colombian General,
' was only enabled by the most skilful manoeuvres to bring him
to an action, and that his success was complete and decisive. I
The Colombian Congress had adjourned. Shortly before the
rising of that assembly, a proposition had been submitted to
them by an individual in Bogota, for raising a 6 per Cent.
Loan at par, to an amount sufficient for the discharge of the
domestic debt, which is aboutB.ooo,ooo of dollars. TheCong,ress,
however, broke up, without taking any notice of the proposition.
An application had been made to the Congress in behalf of the
Peruvian Legislative Body, to permit the residenceof Bor.lVait
in Lima till the meeting of Congress in 1826,in order to enable
that illustrious individual to consolidate the independence
achieved for Peru by his courage and wisdom.—Since writing
the above, we have received letters from Liverpool, dated Wed-
nesday night, which state that the Swallow had just arrived in
that port direct from Callao, whence it sailed on the 16th March.
The letters received by this conveyance do not contain any po-
litical intelligence of tnuch interest. Callao continued in the
possession of the Royalists up to the middle of March. The
ifortress was well-provisioned, nearly 200 head of cattle being
within the walls. The patriots were making preparations for
commencing the siege, several pieces of heavy ordinance having
been landed for battering the fortress. So well, however, were
the garrison provisioned, that it was feared the castles would not
be surrendered without a protracted struggle. The Swallow
has brought a large quantity of specie on merchants' account.—
Letters have been received from Valparaiso to the middle of
April ; but they do not contain any political intelligence.—
( Times.)
DUEL.—A duel was fought on Penton Endo-
sure, between Bagshot and Ascot, at an early hour yesterday
morning, between two gentlemen of the names of CRONIITD
and PEnr ECT, in consequence of a disputed bet at the Pigeon-
shooting at Mattenly-heath on the preceding day. Mr. Cronstd
was dangerously wounded in the first fire by the ball of his ad-
versary lodging in his shoulder. Ha was conveyed to the
Crown and Sceptre at Bracknel.