The Sun.
London, England, 1849-04-16 00:00:00

N°.17,646.] LONDON, MONDAY EVENING SII If APRIL 16, 1849.

iv ELL GWYNNE TAVERN and CHOP- (-1 LD FRENCH BRANDY, purest possible
HOUSE, Bull Inn-court, Strand, for Luncheons, Dinners, -4__P kind, 60s. per dozen; the brown 545.
and Suppers, Three Doors East of the Adelphl Theatre, and opposite M ARSALA in perfection, as partaken by the Nobilty, 51.—four
Adam street. dozen.
Messrs. ARCHER and HOLT most respectfully invite their PORT and SHERRY (beautiful Wines—it is scarcely necessary to
friends and the public to patronise tile Nell Gwynne Coffee-room, use finer, except special occasions), 345, the dozen.
which has been fitted up in the style of the period in which she lived. rota or SHERRY, highest order, 445; bottles of each included;
Visitors to the Theatres, Citizens, and Gentlemen connectel with own carts, six miles free ; terms, prepayment, or on delivery. If
Somerset House, and the Banking Houses in the vicinity, will find you do not pay cash, you hear a proportion of others' debts, inde-
the Table d'llote, which takes place at Ball-past Five precisely, the p"ndent of salaries to book-keepers, clerks, collectors, travellers,
most comfortable and rea-onable in the metropolis.—Fish and &c Credit is the admitted bane 01 trade, and keeps up high prices.
Joints, 2s. per head. Hot Joints until Eight, and Suppers untL One Post-office Orders payable to JOHN JONES, Wholesale Dealer
o'clock. Private Dining-rooms excellent Beds, superior Wines and (for 11 years past), Knightsbridge, Agent for
Spirits, fine Ales, and Barclay and Perkins's Stout. BASS and CO.'S INDIAN ALE. GUINNESS' STOUT.
N.B. An Entrance also from Maiden lane. N.B. Choice Claret (much admired), and the Champagne direct
from Bonded Stores at the Docks, each 61. per three dozen, Cases,
Duty, and every expense included.
Fresh setters, 6s. per dozen.

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Capital £500,000. Empowered by Act of Parliament.
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Moderate Rates of Premiums.
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Moderate extra Premium for Residence in Tropical Climates.
N.B. The last Annual Bonus to the Assured varied from 27 to 6b
per cent. (according to age) on the Premiums paid.
Examples of Bonuses already Declared, and Options.

Just published, price Ss., ave., in cloth,
(SHE RATIONAL TREATMENT, of STRIC-
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stricture, and that a want of practical knowledge and manual dex-
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vere, long-protracted, and complicated cases of that disorder so fa-
tally prevalent,
By F. B. COURTENAT,
" The operation of introducing a catheter through an impermeable
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Published by H. Bailliere, 219, Regent-street; and may be had of
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C v I Annual
&go., ; Fre-
i

lPolley
taken
ent in]

Berms in'
addition
to Sum
Assured.

Perma-
nent
Auction of
Annual
Premium.

Suit the
' Assured
may bor-
row Gm
Policy.

Bonus In
Cash.

X s. d.! X s d.I
262 14 3121 15 11
237 15 6198 16 4
211 18 6 95 16'9
163 8 4' 75 15 10
159 3 4; 71 5 01
132 2 6' 58 17 6
84 11 8i 37 10 0

£ N. d.
20 a 0
17 7 6
14 17 7
11 10 9
li 19 8
8 19 10
8 14 2

IX A. A.
543 17 9
494 8 10
445 0 0
395 11 1

THE COUNTRY MARKETS.

!.£ s. d.
74 3 4

moo'

LivstarooL, APRIL 14.—The imports since Tuesday are
small, but the exports are large, and the market generally has
assumed much firmness. We had a good attendance of the
town and country trade at yesterday's market, and there was a
healthy demand for wheat, flour, and Indian corn, several
purchases being made for Ireland. The advance on Tuesday's
prices was 3d per bushel on wheat, is per barrel and sack on
flour, id per bushel on oats, 6d per load on oatmeal, and Is 6d
per quarter on Indian corn. Barley, beans, and peas fully sup-
ported late rates. The improvement is well maintained to-
day, but
.the business tieing is small.
s. d. s. d. s. d. s. d.
Wheat, per 701 b Barley,Feeding— 3 3 to 3 6
English, white . • 7 '2 to 7 6 Rye, per 4801 b .. 0 0 0 0
Do. red.. • . 6 9—6 10 Beans, English, pr
Irish, new .. .. 6 0— 6 3 imperial quartr 33 0— 34 0
De., old .. 6 3 6 6 Irish and Scotch,
Dantslc 72 7 6 per 4801 b.• 27 0—29 0
Do., good mixed 7 0 7 2 Foreign, duty pd. 23 6 24 6
Lowerßaltic,whita 6 10 7 I European, per im-
American 56 108 --
Do.
Canadian
.. 5 9 6 8 imperial quartr 28 0— 30 9
76 1.0 p
epa
Be r, 1
Ea 1
nqguliasr, th r
per.. 32 0— 33 0
Spanish, red and Foreign .. 26 8 23 0
. • • 6 6 7 2 Malt, English, per
Tuscan and Bar- imperial quartr 58 0 —6l 0
letta, red .. • • 6 2 6 4 Do., Irish .. 55 0— 56 0
Marianopoll 5 8— 5 10 Do., brown •• 54 0— 57 0
Odessa, Polish .. 5 9 -- 6 0 Flour, English, pr
Do., hard.. • • 5 o—s 10 2801 b .. 35 0— 36 0
Egyptian 4 0— 4 6 Irish, extra fine.. 36 0 37 0
Oats, per 451 b 'hilted States, per
English and Scotch 2 B—2 10 barrel .. .. 24 0— 25 0
Welsh .. .. 2 5 2 6 Canadian .. .. 24 0— 25 0
Irish, new .. .. 2 6 2 7 Oatmeal, English,
Do., old .. 2 6 2 8 & Scotch,pr24olb 24 0— 26 0
Barley, English, pr Irish, new .. • . 22 6 23 0
imperial quarter 30 0 —32 • Do., old .. .22 0— 23 6
Irish, Scotch, and Indian corn, per
anx,per 60lb .. 3 3 3 t 4801 b .. 32 0— 32 6
COLCHESTER, Aran, 14. here has been an improvement
this week in the markets of this district. In our market to-
day wheat well maintained its prices, and for the best samples
an advance of is per quarter was obtained. Malting barley,
too, was in demand, and commanded better prices. White
wheat of fine sample fetched 53s per quarter; the best red,
453 ; good barley, 29s to 325. Yesterday at Chelmsford there
was a brisk demand for the best wheats, and in many instances
an advance upon last week's prices was given. For oats and
peas there was a good demand, and both these articles were Is
per quarter dearer. White wheat was 44s to 505; red, 32s to
45s ; grinding barley, 23s to 27s ; malting, 27s to 30s ; oats,
18s to 25s ; grey peas, 30s to 323; white, 28s to 30s. The
markets of Suffolk have also improved. At Sudbury on Thurs-
day wheat was Is per quarter dearer, and at Bury and Wood-
bridge there was a similar advance.
MANCHESTER APRIL 14.—During the present week a de-
cidedly firmer feeling has arisen in the trade, and both flour
and oatmeal have met a freer sale than for some time past, at
gradually improving prices. This morning the improved tone
noted above was maintained, and wheat advanced 2d per 701bs.
The sales effected in flour were at an enhancement on the cur-
rency of this day se'nnight of Is to Is 6d per sack, and is per
barrel. Oats were held for rather higher rates, and oatmeal
was saleable at 6d per load on previous prices.
WINCHESTER, APRIL 14.—Corn—The Exchange was well
filled with both buyers and sellers of corn, seeds, &c., parti-
cularly of English and foreign grown wheats. The samples of
home-grown were not numerous, yet the deficiency was well
made up by the Southampton corn merchants ofering Ameri-
can, Dantzic, Hamburgh, Danish, and Odessa shipments.
Trade was much brisker than on any market day in this city
since Christmas last. The general advance on all descrip-
tions of heavy dry grinding qualities was from 53 to 10s per
load ; a few choice English grown white, weighing 641 b per
bushel, realised lbs per load, or 3s per qr more money. The
best samples of foreign weighed from 611bs to 631bs per bushel.
Some barrels of sweet American and Canadian flour sold at an
advance of is per barrel ; the English ground ditto selling at
from is to 2s per bag more money. The barley trade was
also in a much more pleasing state far the seller, holders being
arm, obtaining for every description of good malting and dis-
tilling an advance of at least Is per quarter, a brisker sale also
for second-rate and poor samples English chevalier (best)
weighing 54 lbs per bushel ; Danish, 53 lbs ditto. Malt was
sold at the prices of this day week. Rye in more demand.
Oats—Best qualities of Belfast, Scotch, Northumberland and
Yorkshire, Polands sold readily at from 6d to Is per quarter
more money, weight 42 lbs per bushel; all common sorts were
without alteration in price, though in better demand. More
was done in beans, peas, and seeds than on this day week, yet
prices did not vary materially. There appeared a good many
purchasers of turnip and other seeds for stock, the rain of late
favouring the sowing of early crops. Hops remain in a lan-
guid state : best Farnhams, 61 to 6' lOs per cwt; Altens, 5! to
bibs ditto; second-rate Coventry and Sussex, 4/ to 414 s ditto.
READING, Aram 14.—Wheat, per quarter,34s to 58s; bar-
ley, 255 to 365; oats, 16s to 24s ; beans, 30s to 40s; peas,
30s to 40s. Fat hogs,`, 8s 6d-to 8s 9d ; porkers, 95 to Os per
score. Poultry—Fowls, per couple, 4s Od to bs Od ; ducks,
per couple, Os Od to Os d; geese, each, Os Od to Os; butter,
per lb, Is Od to Is Id ; eggs, 18 to 20 for Is.
WARRINGTON, APRIL 12.—The trade to-day, although
characterised by more firmness en the part of holders of wheat,
has been by no means brisk, and in the business passing the
previous currency could not be exceeded for any article in the
trade. English wheat, 6s 2d to 6s 6d ; Irish, 6s to 6s 3d ;
English oats, 2s 6d to 2s Sd ; Irish, 2s 5d to 2s 7d per 701 b.
Seed oats, 3s 3d to 4s per 451 b. Barley, malting. 325. Peas,
28s to 40s per quarter. Seed vetches, 5s to 55 2d per 601 b.
Flour, 27s 6d to 36s 6d. Meal, 245. Indian meal, 275.
ABERDEEN, Aram 13.—Grain—Oats 14. to 14s Od, 401 b per
bushel ; barley, 22s to 245, 521bs per bushel; bear, 23s to 245,
52 lbs per bushel ; wheat, 50s to 53s ; oatmeal, 11s6d to 12, 6d
per boll ; flour, 38s to Os per sad. Provisions—Beef,
4d to 7d per lb ; mutton, ditto, 4d to 7d ; veal, ditto, 4d
to 7d; pork, per stone, 4s to 436 d ; lamb, per qr., 6s to 7s 6d;
tallow, per stone, 4s to 4s 6d ; potatoes, per peck, lOd to Is ;
hay, per cwt, Os to Os ; rabbits, each 041 to Os ; hares, each, Os
to Os ; grouse, per brace, Os to Os ; butter, per lb, 8d to 10d ;
eggs, per doz, 7d to 8d ; cheese, per stone, Os to Os ; hens, per
pair, 3s to 3s 6d ; chickens, ditto, 2s Od to 25 6d • ducks, ditto,
2s 6d to 3s Od; ducklings, ditto, 2s to 2s 6d ; turkeys, each, 3a
to 45 Od ; geese, ditto, Os to Os; butter for exportation (present
cure), per cwt, 50s to Os ; eggs, wholesale price, per dozen, sid
to Od; 4b loaf, 8d; 21b loaf, 4d ; pork, per stone of 14 lbs
Us Od to 3s 6d ; pork fine, small, Os Od to 5s 6d ; pork large,
3s 6d to 4s 3d; ship pork per barrel of '204 lbs, Os to 100 s.
Meal—Oatmeal, is 3d to Os Od; bearmeal, Is 3d to Os Od ,
peasemeal, Is 10d to 2s; side, 6d to 7d ; barley flour, is 4d to
s 5d ; barley dust, 7d to 8d ; flour, la lOd to 2s; barley, per lb,
lid to 2}d.

346 2 3
296 13 4
247 4 S

Prospectuses, with tables of rates, 'nay be had at the ortice,
or any of Its branches In the country ; or, in application. will be for-
warded post free.

R. S. B. WOOLHOISE, Actuary.

DAVIES'S CANDLES, 41d. and sd. per lb. ;
Waxed-wick Moulds, 6d.; Composite, 8%d., lOd., and 103%cl;
Wax Candles, Is. ; German Wax, Is. 2d. ; Fine Wax, is. sd. ; Trans-
parent Wax, Is. sd. and Is. 7d. ; nest Wax, 25. Id. ; Sperm, Candles,
I. sd. and Is. 7d. Metallic, 734 d. and 83{ d. ; Mottled Soap, 555. and
60s. per 11 2lbs. ; Yellow, 445., 505., and 565. ; Windsor Soap, 18.4 d.
per packet ; Brown Windsor, Is. 9d. ; Rose, 25.; Almond, 2s. 6d. ;
Sealing Wax, 4s. 6d. per lb. ; Sperm Oil, 7s. 6d. per gallon; Solar
33.3 d., Seal, 4s. ; Argand, or Vegetable, 4s. Gd.
For Oish—At DAVIES'S Old Established Warehouse. 63, St.
Wartin'lrlane, opposite the Westminster County Court, late New
Slaughter's. Coffee-house.

.13.ALZEITtr, APRIL 12 —The relative weight per four bushels
of the three prices of wheat were 18st 101 b, 18st 01b, and 17st
21b. Oats, 12st 10Ib, 12st 31b, and Ilst 11b. Barley, 16st 71b,
15st 111 b, and Isst 01b. Peas and beans, 19st 11b, 1 list 41b,
and 17st 61bs.
Qrs. - Best. Current. Inferior.
231 Wheat ... ....£2.. 11 0 £2 5 0 "£llB 0
1043 Oats
233 Barley 1 9 0 1 5 0 0 19 0
48 Pease and Beans 1 9 6 1 8 0 1 3 0
Average of wheat 44s 3id.
GLASGOW CATTLE MARKET, APRIL 12.—We had ' a
large supply of cattle at our market to-day, and prices had a
slight tendency downward. Best ox beef from 50s to 523 per
cwt, cow and ordinary from 40s to 43s per do., sinking the
offal. We had a smaller supply of sheep than usual, and
prices realised Is per head dearer. Best aged wethers from 6d j
to 64d per lb, ewes, very scarce, from -JO to 5d per do., sinking
the offal ; lambs from 22s to 27s per head. The numbers were
—oxen, 869; sheep, 753; laird's, 11.
BELFAST, APRIL 12.—Wheat sells at former prices, and is
in fair demand. Foreign sells more freely at 91 to 9115 s for
Odessa, and 101 to 11/ lOs for Baltic wheats. Flour, rather a
slow sale, at our quotations. American interferes materially
with our home-made, and sells freely at 24s 6d to 25s per
barrel. Barley a free sale, at former rates. Oats are taken for
feeding at about former prices. Oatmeal unchanged in value,
but is rather a dragging sale. Indian corn scarce, and in de-
mand, at 715 s to 71 7s 6d for yellow, and 2s 641 per ton less for
white, being an advance of 2s 6d to 55 per ton.
Costa, Aram 11.—The arrivals of foreign grain are few.
Owing to this, as well as the improved edifices from the Eng-
lish side, we have a firmer feeling manifested in the trade here,
and more business doing. There is a very large consumption
going on at present, indeed such a consumption as, in other
years, would have caused a considerable enhancement in the
value of all descriptions of bread stuffs, but which now, owing
to the scarcity of money and diminished confidence, as well as
the want of employment for the labouring classes, has only
induced a trifling advance, though it has decidedly aided in im-
parting a firmer tone to the trade. Our supplies of home grain
continue very trifling, those of wheat especially, the receipts
of this article for the week having again fallen short of 100
barrels. In our green market the prices of each article have
advanced slightly. Prepared Irish wheat is held for more
money. The same remark applies to foreign, 25s per barrel
having been refused for a sample of prime Marianople. We
have no barley offering. Prepared oats are the turn dearer,
nstfoc coarseks of
o the h
eee(amrntidcaler yhtenreur are e
the vedr
but we have no transactions of consequence to record. Prime
sem butns
mealing oats are in good demand at considerably enhanced
rates,
very low.
is
w.Fgoernadl,l
adoed-
rip
such qualities meet a ready sale, bat fine samples go off slowly
and in retail quantities. We may remark that the consump-
tion of bread is large, while the stocks of four in factors' and
bakers' hands are small. A large business has bee* done in
Indian corn at an advance of fully 55. per ton, the price of
Galatz this week being 81. This advance, however, coupled
with the endeavour on the part of holders to establish
a still further increase in price, has had the effect of
checking trade which is scarcely as lively as in the early part
of the week. Indian meal is in improved request, and dearer.
Flour—Firsts 14s Od to 14s 6d; extra 15, Od;
seconds, 13s Od to 13s 6d; households lOs to 12s ; thirds Se to 10.
Oatmeal I Is to Its 6d; Indian meal 7s 9d to 8s • wheat
per cwt.
6dcwt. Indian corn 715 Od 1 '
meal, 108 to 101 per s to 8 pr.' ton.
Farmers' 24s to,
435; to 4/ 5s per ton. Hay t 0,435; average 36s ;
Bran
dealers 42s to 48s ; average 00s Od per ton. Straw—f•srrners
average 325; dealers 00s Od to 00s Od;
average 00s Od per
•:5s Od to 35s Od ;
ton.
Bread—Wheaten loaf 6d to 6id ;
household loaf 5d to
Sid per 41b. Fresh butter, Bd to
New ort 16s; Lydney 17s ; Landore 16s ;
10d peilb. Coals-
14sPper ton. Tallow 4.3 s 6d to 448
Best Neath Culm
v 25 -0. p, 6s Od per imperial gale
per cwt.
Whiskey,
'4d to 7d ;* Mutton bd to 6/td; veal
lon. Meat—Beef
Ld bacon 7cl to 8d ; sausages 6d per
bid to 7d ; pork 4d to bs--;

lb. Hops 61 lOs per cwt. • Bangor slates 312 s 6d to 315 s per
ton. Bark—Barbary 71 to 81; Valonia 14/ to 001; French
71; English 71 per ton. Fleece Wool lOs to 12s per stone.
Hemp 35/ per ton. Fish—Scotch herrings 18s to 19s; red
ditto 26s to 28s per barrel ; Newfoundland 10110. to 121 per
ton. Timber—New Memel 4110. ; old scarce; red pine 3/
15s ; yellow pine 31 per ton ; deals, first quality, 201; second
quality 171 per 120. Hides—Market 10s to 16s; salted lls to
16s per cwt • calf skins 2d to 2d; market 2d to 2id per lb.
Potatoes, white 10d to 12d ; Minions 18d to 20d ; Guano—
Peruvian, 10/101; Ichaboe 91 per ton; Tar—Archangel, 18s
per barrel. Eggs, 4s to 4s 2d per hundred.

CENTRAL CRIMINAL COURT.
OLD COURT.
(Before Mr. Baron PLATT and Mr. Justice Wer,Leems )
TRIAL OF MR. DROUET FOR MAN-
SLAUGHTER.
(Continued from our Afternoon Edition of Saturday.)
Mr. Garrod, cross. examined by Sir F. THESlGER—Be-
lieved that cholera was in the atmosphere, and travelled
from one country to another. In some cases he considered
that it was infectious, but not contagious. It generally
visited prisons and workhouses, and other places of that
kind, where the diet was not very generous. It was very
'capricious in its attacks.
By Mr. CLAREsoisr—Bad air, bad food, bad clothing,
and bad lodging, would predispose to cholera.
By the Coußv—Those causes would not alone produce
cholera; there was some other influence required.
Mr. Kite, surgeon at Mr. Drouet's establishment, was
next called, and examined by Mr. CHAMBERS—He said
he had never been consulted as to the extent of accom-
modation afforded, as to the ventilation, or as to the food
or clothing of the children. There was an infirmary at-
tached to the place. Three or four weeks after he came,
which was in October last year, a sick ward was added.
There were about 1,100 or 1,200 children in the estab-
lishment when he entered. At the end of December 200
more were added. When ho went two children were
in the infirmary:affected with Ophthalmia; there were also
some affected with the itch. There was no separate ward
for those troubled with theitclt Mr. Drouet did not re-
fuse to receive children rho had this disease.
Baron PLATT—Did you ever hear of itch predisposing
to cholera ?—(Laughter.) Witness—No. The first ca,e
of cholera occurred on Friday, 29th December; as many
as 189 children died between that time and the 13th
January. Previous to the sth January many cases of
cholera existed. It was his duty to attend to the
cholera wards. There were rather too many in them.
The rooms were not crowded; he was convinced they
were not.
Sir F. THESIGER—You have no right to press the
witness in that way.
Baron PLArr—l think not.
Mr. CHAMBERS—But I have got his depositions
here, and lam examining from them. Your Lordship
has the depositions before you.
Baron PLATT—You have no right to make that ob-
servation unless you intend to put in the depositions. He
is your witness, and no ene knows better than yourself
what is regular.
Mr. CHAMBERS—IIe is the witness of the Crown, my
Lord, and not mine. He is the witness of the Coroner.
Baron PLATT—You had better go on with your exa-
mination.
Mr. CHAMBERS—NOW, was the overcrowding of the
room the predisposing cause of the cholera? Witness—
I have not said that it was overcrowded.
Baron PLATT—You are assuming by your question
that the rooms were overcrowded? Witness—Certainly.
Mr. CHAMBERS—I am assuming nothing, my Lord.
I am simply asking whether that would be a predis-
posing cause, such as bad food would be. Now, sir,
were there any predisposing causes?
Mr. CHAMBERS—WeII, now, as a medical man, can
you form any opinion as to what would be a predisposing
cause? Witness—The congregation together of these
children would be a predisposing cause.
Mr. CHAMBERS—NOW, I ask you whether there was
or was not an overcrowding of the rooms? Witness—
Yes, in the big boys' ward.
Mr. CHAMBERS--And that would be a predisposing
cause? Witness—Certainly it would.
Cross-examined by Sir FREDERICK THESIGER—It
was the big boys' room that was overcrowded. He
remembered, that while Andrews was there, he was in
the sick ward. He was always in the sick ward, but not
on the sick list. If he ordered it the boys in the sick
ward had meat and porter every day. They had every-
thingths geenineralWlyhheneehltehyfirstTwheerne
weret
out of the large number lie had mentioned about
there
the h e choseestablishment to order for
w a
eight or ten ill. After he went there several children
were sent there who had the itch. He made great efforts
to get rid of it, but he never could ascertain whether it
had been totally eradicated. The cholera broke out
suddenly ; there were no premonitory symptoms.
There were always cases of diarrhoea in the establish-
ment. The necessity of separating those who were struck
with the disease from those who were healthy created
considerable confusion, and great difficulty was expe-
rienced in procuring nurses. He saw nothing in the
clothing of the children which could form a predisposing
cause of cholera, nor did he ever hear any complaints
made about their food. He had never heard anything
said before this against Mr. Drouet as to his humanity.
There were six adults engaged in the establishment;
three of whom died of cholera. One of them, named
Warren, attended on Andrews,
hweal
heaa-hdeoxuaatnmayi Re-examined
eboryi g
mhMterd.oi
on the
hArne sickE R:
list. The
teThbhioemy
l
fiAi
rnantdrtiemw time
treat-
ing the children was the sth of January. That was
before he had any one to live in the house with him,
but the Messrs. Chapman had assisted him.
previously
In November there were 42 cases of diarrhass, and 45
in December, but he did not consider diarrhoea was a
premonitory symptom of cholera.
By the COURT—The 42 cases ran through the whole
month, but at the end of the month many of them had
been cured, and the 45 of the next month were new
cases. About a dozen only of the 50 or 60 who were
attacked with cholera had been previously sufferiag from
diarrhoea, so that with the exception of that dozen there
were no premonitions at all.
Mr. Henry Whittall, the Registrar of Deaths for the
parish of Streatham, examined by Mr. CLAsensoze.
He had the register from April, 1848, to January, 1849,
and there were no cases of cholera in it. His district
included Mr. Drouet's establishment.
Cross-examined, by Sir F. THESIDER—His district
did not include Wandsworth. There were cases of
aholera in the adjoining parishes.
Mr. Grainger, a Member of the College of Surgeons,
examined by Mr. Creereastas.----Ile had been twenty-
five years in the profession, and held the office of Me-
dical Inspector of the Board of Health. In the first
week in January last, he went down and examined Mr.
Drouet's establishment ; and, although be did not go
over the whole of it, he could form an opinion as to the
previous overcrowding of it. lie went simply to see as
to the state of the cholera. He went over the school-rooms
as well.
Sir F. THESICIER interposed, and urged that the wit-
ness's opinion as to the previous state of the establish-
ment was no evideace.
Mr. Owens:as did not press it at the moment, and
continued the examination.
Witness remembered having a conversation with Mr.
Drotiet, which he could repeat,
Sir F. THESIGER again objected. The conversation
could not be given in evidence.
The COURT ruled that it could.
Examination continued—He stated to
Mr.
Drouet
that he thought there were not sufficient medicalatteed-
ants for the cholera, and he recommended that they
should be iacreased by four, and that some physician et
eminence should be called in in whom the public had
confidence. He also recommended that there should be
four nurses to every '
ward where there were twelve
children, and three where there were less, and that in
future the wards should be less crowded. lie visited
both the sleeping rooms of the sick and healthy children,
and he thought the dormitories were too crowded. The
rooms wore certainly overcrowded with regard to the
number of beds. They were too near each other, and in
his opinion that would be injurious to the health of the
occupants. The rooms were badly ventilated for the
number of beds.
Baron PLATT—If there had been less beds, then the
ventilation would have been sufficient.
Witness—Yes; there were 1,400 children in the esta-
blishment certainly too many for the size of the build-
ing. In his opinion, the principal cause of the cholera
was the overcrowding of the establishment. He had
spoken to some children about their food, with Mr.
Drouet's consent, but he was not by at the time.
Sir F. THESIDER —Then you can go no further?
Witness continued—He saw the children about
a fortnight after they had been removed, and could de-
scribe their condition. They were decidedly unhealthy.
Many of them were wasted in their limbs, and were in
the state commonly called pot-bellied, and the great ma-
jority of them had what was called eruptions on the skin.
42 out of 65 of the boys had the itch, and out of 75 girls
34 had the itch, and 6 some other skin disease.
By the COURT—IIe could not undertake to say that
twenty had small pulses.
Examination continued—These were all indications of
the children having been fed too scantily, and upon a
low dietary. He took notes of his observations while
going over the establishment. It was badly ventilated
generally, but the school-room was decidedly not pro-
perly ventilated.
Sir F. THERGER declined to cross-examine this wit-
ness.

Dr. Farre examined by Mr. CLA.Rasort—se accom-
panied Mr. Grainger to inspect Mr. Drouet's establish-
ment, and he examined the children of the Holborn
Union. About 120 were presented for examination.
Their general state was very bad, but the girls were
better than the boys. In most instances the limbs bad
waited away, and they had pot-bellies, and about two-
thirds of them had a akin disease.
Baron PLATT—Did they differ from the appearance
of other workhouse children? Witness—Oh, very ma-
terially, my Lord.
Examination continued—A bout 45 per cent. were
affected in the manner he had stated. The skin diseases
were occasioned by the neglect of proper treatment and
proper precaution. No doubt, the original cause was the
introduction of a child who had the disease; but
the skin of the children was generally in that state
which indicated that they bad been badly treated
and improperly fed upon fluids, which was one
great oause of pot-belly. Had the ehildren received ,

proper solid food, both as regarded quality and quan-
tity, there certainly would nut have been so many cases
of wasted limbs, pot-bellies, and flabby flesh. The skin
disease he attributed to the want of cleanliness, and the
ode r symptoms to improper food, as regarded quantity
and quality. The food he saw was decidedly unsatisfac-
tory both as to quantity end quality. The condition
of the children improved after a change of treat-
ment and food. lie concluded that the previous con-
dition of the children was attributable to those causes.
These causes would predispose the children to cholera,
and such like diseases. The real predisposins, cause of
the disease was the state in which they fourid the chil-
dren crowded together at Tooting.
Cross-examined by Sir F. THESIGER—Out of the
120 he saw at the Royal Free Hospital, he examined
75 of the girls. Ho also examined about 20 boys. Of
these 34 had the itch, and other complaints allied to
itch. With proper care the itch could be cured in
five days. The children were taken to the Royal
Free Hospital on the Bth of January, and ho saw
them on the 20th. After the children had caught the
itch it would have taken considerably more than a fort-
night to bring them into the state he found them in.
Baron PLATT—Did you see anything on these chil-
dren which could not be cured in a fortnight? Witness
—No, my Lard, with proper appliances, such as baths,
separate beds, linen, &c.
Baron PLATT—What do you mean that children in
this state would be predisposed to cholera ? Witness--
Their constitutions were in such a state that they would
more readily catch any prevalent disease than if they
were well fed and in good condition.
Sir F. MESIGER—Who is the surgeon of the Royal
Free Hospital? Witness—Mr. Wakley.
Mr. CHAMBERS—Not Mr. Wakley, the coroner? Wit-
ness—No ; Mr. Wakley, junior.
Mr. T. C. Jackson, the house-surgeon of the Royal
Free Hospital, examined by Mr. CHAMBERS—He
examined the children on the 6th day of January
last, and from the condition he found them in, he thought
they had not been properly fed, while their clothes
were too thin to give the necessary warmth, which chil-
dren of their age ought to have. Young Mr. Wakley
did not see them. There was 87 cases of cholera alto-
gether, and eight of collapse.
Mr. James was recalled, and stated that there were
three vans to carry the children to London, and that they
were well covered in with tarpauling.
This was the case for the prosecution.
Sir F. THESIGER submitted that there was no case at
all to go to the jury. This was the very first time that
an attempt had been made to establish a charge of man-
slaughter under such extraordinary circumstances, and
it appeared to him that the evidence totally failed to
support the indictment. It was alleged that, being the
owner of an establishment for the reception of poor
children, and having received the deceased child and a
number of others, under a certain contract, into his
charge, it became the duty of the defendant to provide
those children with proper food and necessaries, and
that having neglected that duty, the consequence was
that the deceased child became mortally sick and dis-
tempered, and died. Now, 4e would adroit, for the sake
of his argument, that it was the duty of the defendant
under his contract to take care that James Andrea's, the
deceased, was properly fed, clothed, and lodged, and that
if by reason of his negligence or carelessness in these par-
ticulars that death ensued, he would have been subject to.
a charge of manslaughter, but here it was perfectly clear
from the evidence that this poor boy's death did not
occur from any direct act of negligence or omission on
the part of Mr. Drouet, but that he died in consequence
of the cholera, and that the cholera alone lies the cause
of death; and that Mr. Drouet had done act which
in any way contributed to that event. He thought that
ho was entitled to say there was an entire absence of
evidence that even the predisposing cause of the attack
was in any way to be attributed to Mr. Drouet, because
it had been proved that before the children were re-
moved from Tooting Mr. Whitfield, the medical officer,
had selected those whom he considered most healthy,
and the most proper on that account, to be taken away;
and that the deceased was among them. The fatal at-
tack occurred afterwards; and under those circum-
stances he thought he was fairly entitled to say, that the
actual cause of death was Asiatic cholera. How, then,
was Mr. Drouet responsible for that visitation? What
had he done? What omission was he guilty of which had
immediately contributed to the death of the deceased?
lie submitted, that by the law of England, even if it
were possible to show that a party was remotely and in-
directly the cause of death, it was not sufficient to sup-
port a charge of manslaughter, but there must be proof
that he was distinctly and immediately the cause of the
death by some act committed by him. In Lord Hale's
" Pleas of the Crown," vol. 1, page 448, some cases were
stated which directly applied to the question now at
issue. Lord Hale said that in a case where a party re-
ceived a wound which was not in itself mortal, but
which after wards proved so by the neglect of the person
who received it to take proper remedies, that the act of
the person who orginally inflicted the wound was, under
such circumstances, neither murder nor manslaughter;
and he said the same in another case where a wound,
not in itself mortal or dangerous, resulted in the loss of
life by reason of the use of poisonous salves, and other
ingredients. In order still more to illustrate the point
of his argument, he would admit that Mr. Drouet had
weakened the constitution and strength of the deceased
child by his treatment; still, it was not by any means
a necessary consequence that the cholera should
arrive and attack the child he had so re-
duced, and, on that ground, Mr. Drouet could not
be held responsible for that which he could not avert.
Sir F. Thesiger then referred to a case mentioned by
Mr. Allison, in his "Report upon the Law of Scotland,'
in which a gamekeeper, who had been shot, and slightly
injured, by a poacher, afterwards died of erysipelas, in
consequence of being placed in a bed where a person
had died of that disorder, and said that in that case the
Lords Justices, notwithstanding !that the public prose-
cutor strongly urged that the gun-shot wound was, in
fact and reality, the real cause of the deceased losing his
life, decided that the prisoner was not answerable for the
death under such circumstances. The present case, ho
submitted, was exactly similar to those he had referred
to, and he said that as the death had been occasioned
by the cholera, and was not proved to have resulted
from any act of Mr. Drouet, there was no evidence upon
which the jury could be called upon to convict him.
Mr. BALLANTINE followed, and he urged, that if the
present indictment were allowed to prevail, it would be
a straining of the law of England, which, iu his opinion,
would be most dangerous, and which he felt assured
their Lordships would never sanction. What was the
charge against the defendant ? Why, it was said that
by reason of something or other the defendant had done
or omitted, the deceased was made liable to receive a
variety of diseases, cholera, scarlet fever, typhus fever,
scarlatina, &c. Now, what would be the effect of allow-
ing such an indictment as this to proceed ? Why, the
effect would be, that according to the law of man-
slaughter, if, within a year and a day the deceased child
had died of some other disorder, and some ingenious
medical practitioner had fancied that he could dis-
cover that the death was occasioned by the treatment to
whic hhe had been subjected, the defendant might have
been indicted for manslaughter. It appeared to him that
it could be just as well said, in a ease where a party
had broken the leg of another, who was run over by an
omnibus six months afterwards, because by reason of
the accident he was unable to run fast enough across the
road to get out of the way, that he was guilty of man-
slaughter, as in the present case. The question might
be tested by reference to the relations between masters
and apprentices, and gaolers and prisoners. In a case
where a gaoler had confined a prisoner in a low, damp,
and unhealthy place, and thereby produced an ill habit of
body, which resulted in his death, it was held to be mur-
der in the gaoler who so acted. Again, in a case where
a prisoner who had not had the small-pox, and who gave
the gaoler notice to that effect, was, notwithstanding,
locked up in the same cell with a prisoner who was suf-
fering from that disease, and who contracted it and died,
there also the act was hold to amount to murder. In
these cases the death was remote from the original act,
and upon their authority he submitted that the present
indictment had been fully sustained.
Mr. CLARKSON also addressed the Court in support of
the indictment.
Sir F. THESIGER, in reply, contended that all the cases
which had been cited by his Learned Friend tended to
support the view of the case, which ho had originally
ventured to submit to their Lordships. In the first case
the water on the brain was the actual result of the state
of starvation to which the deceased had been reduced.
Thu same was the case where the prisoner had been con-
fined in a low, damp, and unhealthly dungeon. The
third case, regarding the confining of the prisoner in the
same room with another who was suffering from small,
pox, and still stronger, for that was just the same as
though the gaoler had inoculated the deceased with the
fatal disease, and in every case there was a direct act
tending to death. In the present cave it appeared to him
there was an entire absence of evidence to make out
the charge of manslaughter, and he therefore called
upon their Lordships to discharge Mr. Drouet from the
accusation, and to exercise the power which the law re-
posed in them by protecting him from being placed in
ally jeopardy, by not allowing the case to go to the jury.
There was some manifestation of applause in the court
when Sir F. Thesiger concluded his reply.
The Judges then consulted together for about ten mi-
nutes, when
Mr. Baron PLATT said that with regard to the ques-
tion whether the prisoner was amenable to a charge of
manslaughter by reason of his having, by bad treatment,
reduced the constitutional energy of the child, so as to
render him unable to resist any disease with which he
might be attacked, they should refrain from giving any
opinion; but it appeared to the Court that there was
another point which disposed of the case altogether.
The indictment charged the defendant with having, by
his improper treatment, so reduced the strength and
constitution of the deceased child that ho was
buuntatt.)berleteo
resist the attack of which ho afterwards died;
had been no evidence whatever addueblaeeetioshsosat'othreantdtheer
deceased ever was in such a state of
from the ma-
treat o f
it probable that he would have recoveredtb
was
af the defendant. This, it
appeared to the Coust,
lady but for the m
most important omission,
and one which might easily
have been supplied by
medical testimony; and, in the absence of such evidence,
the jury would be called upon to make a leap in the dark.
How were the jury to say that the child would not
equally have died of cholera if it had not been at Tooting
at all? How were the jury to say that the treatment

adopted by the defendant occasi,
there was no evidence to show them that, in\
that treatment, the child pssessed sufficien,
tional energy to havo resisted the disease?
ground they considered that there was no cas,
the jury, and they should, therefore, direct
quit the defendant.
The jury, on returning a verdict of Not G
they were unanimously of opinion that there
dence to support the charge.
There was a burst of applause when the
delivered, which was with difficulty represses
A verdict of not guilty was then records,
the other indictments and inquisitions, and t,
dant was ordered to be immediately dischaV
custody.

TRIAL OF CHARLES G. D FFY.
DUBLIN, SATURDAY MOBNlNG.—Shortly fter four
o'clock yesterday, Mr. Justice Jackson ad essed the
jury. He recapitulated the evidence, and thus con-
cluded:—He begged to remind the jury that he highest
testimony had been borne to the general e aracter of
the prisoner. Indeed when they considered he nature
of the evidence of the defence it was painful to think that
the prisoner should now stand at the bar. H appeared
to be a man of education and of character who was
desirous to elevate his country by educatio al means,
and to fit his countrymen for a higher situ tion than
they now occupied. Ho endeavoured, it woo appear,
to keep them from the use of intoxicating liq ors, and
he should have the benefit of all that, for a g od cha-
racter was a most estimable thing; but still, i the jury
arrived at the conclusion that those publications were
of the nature attributed to them, it was useless to refer
to evidence of character. They could not, in point of
law or in reason, allow it to countervail the charge
against him. his Lordship, in conclusion, e ' orted the
jury to discard everything they might have card out
of court respecting the case, and not allow the selves to
be influenced by any publications beside those hich had
been given in evidence as forming the co us delicti
against the prisoner.
The Foreman (lir. Saunders) asked the Court whether
Mr. Duffy was responsible for the articles published in
the Nation which he had not written, because he was
the publisher of the paper.
Judge JACKSON—Undoubtedly, gentlemen, that is the
law. In requiring the publisher and proprietor of a
paper to lodge a declaration in the Stamp-office, the law
contemplated making the document available as evidence
against the publisher, should it be afterwards found
necessary to institute a prosecution against him. He did
not mean to say that it would be conclusive evidence of
his having written the articles, but it was evidence
to go to a jury, and upon which a jury was at liberty
to act.
The jury then (twenty minutes past six o'clock) retired
to consider their verdict, and bailiffs having been sworn
to take them in charge, the Court adjourned to half-
past nine, P.N.
At twenty minutes to ten o'clock the Judges entered
into court (where a large number of persons, including
many ladies, had previously assembled, from an anxiety
to learn the result of the deliberations of the jury), and
Judge JACKSON desired the High Sheriff to see the
jury and inquire whether they had arrived at a verdict
or nut.

ei Mr. La Touche then left the court, and after a lapse of
about five minutes returned and informed their Lordships
that the jury had not come to any agreement, and that
if necessary they would come into court and express their
opinions upon the subject.
Judge JeczsoN asked whether the jury had given the
High Sheriff w understand that they were likely to agree?
The High Sheriff replied that be did not think there
was much chance of their coming to a decision.
Judge JACKSON next inquired whether the jury had
intimated a desire to put any questions to the court?
The Sheriff said they had not.
The jury, at the order of Judge Jackson, were then
called into court. Having taken their places in their
box and answered to their names,
The Clerk of the Crown inquired whether they had
agreed or not?
The Foreman said they had not, and that there was
not the least probability of their doing so.
Judge JAcKsoN—Well, then, gentlemen, the only
course to be taken is that you should retire again to
your chamber, and once more consider the verdict you
ought to find.
NO VERDICT.—DUFFY ADMITTED TO BAIL.
DUBLIN, SATURDAY EVENING.—At the sitting of the
Commission Court this morning Mr. Justice Jackson
directed the sheriff to inquire whether the jury in this
case had agreed to their verdict. The sheriff proceeded
to the room and returned with au answer that they had
not agreed. His Lordship observed that there was no-
thing further to be done for the present in the matter,
and directed the city calendar to be proceeded with.
At half-past two o'clock the Court desired the sheriff
to proceed with a doctor to the jury-room, and examine
one of the jurors who wished to see a medical man.
Dr. Hargrave then proceeded to the jury-room, and
on his return said that further confinement would be
dangerous to the life of Mr. Wright.
The jury were called into court, and still deelaring
they could not agree, ware discharged.
Mr. BUTT observed he thought that was the proper
time to make an application to discharge Mr. Duffy on
his own recognizances, or to admit him to bail.
The ATTORNEY. GENERAL said he would not oppose
the application, taking into consideration the imprison- •
ment Mr. Duffy bad suffered. If he could enter into
recognizances himself i❑ 1,0001. and two sureties in
5001., he could be discharged.
This announcement was received with loud and pro-
tracted applause, which was with difficulty stopped by '
the police.

Several of the disturbers were brought before the
Bench and reprimanded.
The joy manifested outside the court-house was even
greater than that within, when these facts became
known.

STANFIELD-HALL M URDERS.
TUE CONVICT Rusn.—Soon after Rush's condemna-

tion, the chaplin of the Castle visited him,-and offered
his services, which Rush declined, under the plea of his
own sufficiency to conduct his devotions privately, at the
same time civilly assuring the rev. gentleman that his
determination was made out of no disrespect to him.
Ho had previously intimated a wish to see the Rev. W.
W.,Andrew, incumbent of Hethel, whose church he had
frequented for several years, and who had shown great
kindness to him and his family; but he declined for-
mally requesting his attendance on him. The chaplain,
therefore, wrote to Mr. Andrew, and introduced him to
the prisoner, in company with himself. During this
visit, Rush was much moved, especially at certain con-
nexions and family transactions being brought to his
recollection. The night before this interview he had
become very restless and perturbed, and exhibited
symptoms of uneasiness that induced the governor
to place an additional guard over him. On
the following day he requested the chaplain to pray
with him, and has continued to do so, thanking
him for his services. He is more tranquil, and ap-
pears to havo lost all hope of escaping, or mitigating the
fate that hangs over him. The execution is fixed for
Saturday next, April 21. The eldest daughter (whose
decease was confidently reported on Saturday), had an
interview with her father on Monday. She and the rest
of the famiy are as well as, under these melancholy cir-
cumstances, can be expected.
MISS JERMY AND ELIZA CHESTNEY.—In some of the
papers it has been stated that Mrs. Jermy is entirely
deprived of her reason ; we have authority, from her
medical attendants, to state that this is not the case.
Although Mrs. Jenny has been suffering from much
mental excitement, yet those unpleasant symptoms are
fast passing away, and there is every reason to hope
that, ere long, we shall have the satisfaction of being
able to announce her perfect recovery. We need but
say that the wound in the arm has progressed most
favourably. Of Eliza: Chestney we are also happy to
add that she has not suffered in any way from being
brought to Norwich and her return to Stanfield ; her
present condition is considered most satisfactory; The
subscription for her already amounts to 3361. Bs.
EMILY SANDFORD.—Subscription lists have been
opened at Norwich and Swaffham, for the purpose of
raising a fund for the relief of Emily Sandford. The
subscribers say—" We the undersigned, participating in
the general feeling of commiseration for the unprotected
and destitute state in which the unfortunate Emily Sand-
ford has been plunged by the crimes of the convict James
l3lowfield Rash, have resolved to testify our desire to
alleviate her misfortunes by a private pecuniary sub-
scription, intended to be administered to her necessities
under proper direction and management. We therefore
invite the charitable and humane to contribute to fur-
ther this intention, by benevolently placing their names
fo this paper, fur any amount they may deem proper.
Messrs. Hanbury, Lombard-street, have also kindly con-
sented to receive any donations not less than 11. Thisl
list is headed by Lord Leicester, Lord Hastings, and It
tr.
Ruckworth, for 51. each; the subsctiptions amount
2101. 105.—/S/el:folk Chronicle.

,----
EXTENSION Or TILE COUNTY C„,— OURTS.—It is under- I
stood to be the intention of Government to extend the
powers of the County Courts to 30/. or 50/, giving at
the same time an equitable jurisdiction. It would confer
a benefit in matters of insolvency beard in the courts, to
give a right of appeal to the Insolvent Debtors' Court.
There is a difference of opinion among the Commis-
sioners of that Court with respect to the operation of
the Act transferring the insolvency business to the
County Courts. Two of the Commissionersareooffospsil
nion that all matters, including the appointment
signees, are vested in the judges of the courts, and two
-
entertain a contrary opinion. In the event of an alters
tion in the County Courts Act, it would be advisable to
allow parties the privilege of their eases
without going before the courts,
suffering
erinng judgment by
default, and also to prevent parties from suing in the
superior courts by an exipsress enactment. At present,
of h
to deprive a plaintiff
costs, a defendant has to go
to the court above and incur an expense. A simple
remedy should be provided.
Lord Eddisbury, Under-Secretary of State for
the Foreign Department, who bas been sojourning in
Paris during the
Easter holidays, returned to London
on Saturday.
The Right: Hon. the Speaker and Mrs. Shaw
Lefevre, and the Misses Lefevre, arrived in Eaton-square
on Saturday, from the family seat in Hampshire.