The Sun.
London, England, 1822-09-23 00:00:00

FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE.

PARIS, SEPT. 19.—The affairs of the interior,
the importance of which will soon be developed,
and the judicial contests with which we have been
-forced to occupy ourselves, on our own account,
have not allowed us for some time past to give
that attention to general ;pdlitics which they
merit. We have been contented with transcrib-
ingfrom foreign Journals their reflections and
.opinions, 'leaving to our readers the care of
examining and appreciating them. The.approach
of the Congress of Verona now makes it our duty
to bring our observations together—to seek to
enlighten men of good faith—and to show in
what manner the inseparable cause of the people
and their sovereigns may effectually be served.
Three principal objects, according to all ap-
pearance, will occupy the thoughts of the Mo-
narchs who are met at Verona, viz :—The affairs
of Greece, those of Spain, and the tendency of
the public mind, both in Germany and Italy,
-\ towards constitutional principles. At no period
have statesmen had to meditate on more important
subjects. Passion should be silent—personal in-
terest should be forgotten—and the calmness of
wisdom alone should decide for the advantage of
the present, and the repose of the future. In-
stances of agitation, and of calamities, may result
from the-.error of a moment.
The questions concerning Greece may all.be
reduced to one. 'Had the Greeks, the slaves of
a barbarous oppressor, the right to throw off the.
• yoke, and raise the standard of independence ?•
We know that the civilians of a new school main-
tain that the insurrection of the Greeks is an -in-
fraction of legitimacy, a miserable consequence
of those constitutional doctrines called revolu-
tionary.. According to these sublime professors
of the rights of nations, the oppression of the
Greeks had become the inviolable property of
the Grand Turk ; the perpetual exactions, the
• tyranny of the Chiefs, the vexations of the subal-
terns, the outrages against modesty and nature,
- the humiliation of the Cross., imprisonments .and
massacres,formed a state of society from which the
:victims could not legally emancipate themselves.
.Happily such doctrines are rejected by general
consent, and by the most common principles of
justice. If it is incontestible that duties and
rights are-inseparable ; necessarily a people who
•-njoy no rights, not even the rights of personal
property, must be exonerated from every duty
towards their oppressors. There has been no
contract, no treaty between the Christian Greeks
and the secret sectaries of Islamism ; the sword
has established, and the sword may cut, all exist-
..ing relations between them.
Will the Allied Monarchs interfere in favour
of a Christian nation devoted to destruction ?
A simple display of their power would be suf-
ficient to force back into Asia the implacable
enemies of the Christian name, who reign by
barbarism and ignorance, and whom civilized
.Europe will never admit into its community. Do
ot let people imagine they can bind by treaties
a ferocious people intoxicated with pride and fanati-
They have their casuists who absolve them
from every oath and from every obligation towards
i:.fidels. The Alcoran in their hand, they will ex-
lurrninate in Greece every one who obeys the
Evangelist. Despotism itself, surrounded by its
motes and executioners, could not protect the
',Vanquished. Scio, overflowed with blood, is a
eterrible proof of this truth.
It is not negociations, therefore, by the Holy
fiance, that can prevent the destruction of Chris-
fi,.;-ity in those fine countries, the abode of so
glorious recollections ; in that ancient
•J.:;(1 of heroism, of civilization, and of the
..i..ts. It is necessary not to delude ourselves in
.this respect; an armed intervention can alone
rescue the standard of the Cross from the insults
avid bloody triumph of the Crescent.
But to this the objections of a vulgar policy are
.epposed. How can the newinterests of the Greeks
tie made to agree with the ancient interests of diffe-
fent Governments ? Is not the first and most
important of all interests, for Kings as well as
sahjects, that of justice and humanity ? We
cannot conceive how the independence of the
Cireelca can derange the relative position of the
dilferent Powers, or wound their interests.—
There can be no inconvenience in it, unless
-Greece is to be parcelled out like a conquered
;:ountry ; but this idea cannot enter the heads of
.1k ouarchs whom we at present consider less as
zonquerors than as liberators.
It would be easy to prove that the best inte-
;rests of these different /Powers, if well under-
stood, is to favour the Greeks, to leave them the
care' of making laws for themselves, and to orga-
•uise their own Government. A universal cry of
commercial distress is heard in Europe ; industry
47ts made such progress within twenty years,'
that_markets are wanted for its produce, and the I

}restflt is a stagnation, a discouragement to exer-
tion, which may interrupt its further progress,
;.O advantageous to States and so useful to civili-

t ttf) 1.

We will not say, therefore, " It is for our interest
that a large nation should remain submissive to a

Government the enemy of the human race—that
t tie most beautiful country- orthe universe should
'4l.main a desert and abandoned." We say, " A
I;i;ristian population, happy and free, will ferti-
-li,e fields favoured by heaven, -the cities will be-

_come commercial, opulence spreading by degrees
S‘s ill bring forth new wants to add to the tributes
rif 'European industry ; all nations will go
with their produce into the numerous ports
of the Archipelago end of the Morea ; >new
commercial and friendly relations will esta-
blish themselves, .and these ,new markets will
have „-tt beneficial. effect on the prosperity of
other ,people." How ease would it be to de-
veiope this idea, and to shew by calculation its
irresistible truth ?

Every thing unites—moral feeling and personal
interest—to recornmend;the cause of the Greeks
to the magnanimity of the Allied Monarchs. It

is a new species of glory, tarely enjoyed, which
as offered to their acceptance. Conquerors are
6.-plentiful in history, to the misery of the human
.race. Tire liberators of nations are few, but
their names are quoted with love, religion blesies
„them, and gratitude embalms their memory.—

Will Greece, if, contrary to all expectation, she
is abandoned—will Greece perish:? We believe
not. War has its reverses, and its sUccesses.—
The Hellenians, m taking up arms, must have an-
ticipated great obstacles, and great dangers; they
. have shewn themselves capable of surmounting
, the former, and braving the latter. Till now,
the chances of war have been in their favour.—
In such contest, time is the friend of that .party
which at first appeared the weakest.; and mere
,resistance is a presage of ultimate success. Let
us hope that the wishes of religion and justice will
. be heard, and that Greece, independent and free,
will take its place among civilised nations. The
wisdom of its chiefs, the heroism of its warriors,
and their recent exploits, authorise the most
flattering hopes.
We postpone to another number the conclusion
of our observations on the approaching Congress.
—(Constitzttionnel.)
The Court of Cassation has rejected the..ap-
peals of the five persons condemned to -death for
the affair.of La Rochelle.
An attempt to procure the escape of these
prisoners has been discovered.—(Moniteur.)
An Evening Paper announces that the Duke
of Wellington arrived at Paris this day.
To day the Courier from Bayonne usually
arrives. At Bayonne, at the principal places on
the frontiers, and at Madrid, we have correspon-
dents, whose exactness is long established, and
who never allow a single courier to depart with-
out writing to us.
We have not .received a
_single letter by the
courier of this morning, and we have also learnt,
with certainty, that for several commercial houses
who have frequent-.and habitual communications
from Bayonne and Spain, there has.not arrived a
single despatch.
L'Etoile.announces that the Madrid Journals
have not arrived. Since -considerable period
they have not arrived in France, for their
entrance is.prohibited at the frontiers, and it is
. not possible to receive any but by employing
indirect means.—(Constitutionnel.)
The Editor of the Constilutionnel underwent
to-day, before the Judge of Instruction, an
interrogatory on the subject of the seizure of the
number of our Journal of the 15th, which con-
tained M. Benjamin Constant's letter. M. Ben-
jamin Constant, who had been in the country,
arrived today in Paris. Scarcelyhad he alighted
froM his coach, when aCommissary of lice,
accompanied by several agents, came to his
house to seize what copies he might have of his
letter to the Procureur .General of Poitiers. It
is said that M. Benjamin Constant protested
against this measure.—(Constitutionnel.)
We hear from Lausanne, that " the law which
establishes the liberty of the press in the Can-
ton de Vaud, has given birth, up to this moment,
to no political work. The men who are calcu-
lated to direct opinion are profoundly discouraged
by the feeling of the uselessness of their efforts,
and intimidated by the arbitrary acts, of which
Switzerland offers daily spectacles. One politi-
cal Journal is still edited as before, i. e. in a
spirit that would be admitted without difficulty
in Lombardy or Piedmont,—the virtuous Gene-
ral L— lives in retirement, completely ne-
glected by men in power, who dread in him a
bold and severe censor.—The religious lodge of
the environs of Rolle has not yet been closed, but
the scenes of tumult have ceased."
. News is brought from Rouen, that, according
to a new examination, it will not be necessary to
destroy the arch of the tower of the Cathedral.
BAYONNE, SEPT. t4.—Our Chamber of Commerce has just
addressed a very ,energetic representation to the Government,
complaining of the in jury which the merchants sustain in con-
sequence of the measures ordered, it is said, by the Secret Com-
mittee of the Faith in our city, of which General Eguia is Pre-
sident, to stop the mails going from France to the Peninsula,
and viee versa. This complaint is said to have been induced by
a report generally spread and believed, that there lately ar-
rived here two soldiers of the Guerillas of the Faith, which in-
fest the great road of the three provinces, bringing despatches
far General Eguia, and even a part of the intercepted corres-
pondence, which he has refused to give up, alleging, that he
had received only dispatches concerning his army. However
this be, if the orders to stop the mail continue to be exe-
cuted, as it is feared, the merchants of Bayonne will sustain
serious injury by the total interruption of all business with the
Peninsula.

The adventurer Alvarez Toledo, one of the principal agents
of the counter revolutionarty party which has 'been formed
on our frontiers, arrived here the day before yesterday from
the Seo d'Urgel. It is said he complains of the operations
of Quesada. The Supreme Junta of Government of Cata-
lonia intends, it is reported, to send a representative to the
Congress at Verona, expecting that he will meet with a better
reception than the Deputy of the Constitutional Government,
if one is sent.

Various reports of military preparations are circulated here ;
it is even affirmed that orders are given to receive at Bayonne,
between this and the 15th of October, 25,000 men ; but we can-
not warrant the accuracy of this statement ; we content our-
selves with saying, that the military preparations and laying
in stores of provisions continue, and that our neighbours, the
Constitutional Spaniards, are a little alarmed at them ; not that
they fear a foreign invasion, for they boast beforehand of fatal
consequences that would attend it, as well fer the invaders as
the invaded. The invaders, they say, would net be able to
sleep at ease in their quarters without a guard at the toot of
their beds to protect them from the dagger. In the interior
similar threats are heard, even froth the women, who partici-
pate in the enthusiasm. of their husbands and relations. The
Royalists on the frontiers, however, wish that an auxiliary
army had already entered ; and there is no doubt that 3,000
men would not at present meet with the smallest resistance as
far as Vittoria.

We have no certain accounts of the army of Quesada, pos-
terior to the affair of the 7th, which is confirmed, with the ex-
ception of the arrest of that General by his own troops, which
was a mere fiction,.as it seems. It is, however, said, that after
the defeat of the 7th, Quesada and the Trappist retreated to-
wards Monrayo, on the road to Calatayud ; others pretend that
they have taken the direction of Catalonia, by the way of
.Ainsi and Benavarri, having left in the mountains of Navarre
about 1,200 men. Others affirm that General Eguia has just
received dispatches from Quesada, dated the 11th instant,
from Irati.

It is nine o'clock, and the post from Spain is not yet arrived.
The driver of the mail from Bayonne, who goes to the Pas de
Behobie, to fetch the mails from the Peninsula, arrived this
morning .at eight o'clock, bringing only letters from Irun and
St. Sebastian. The first confirms the news that the three
last mails from this city for Madrid have been intercepted ;
two in the Basque Provinces, and the other at Leima, six
leagues from Burgos, by the partisan Cabilla ; and add, that
it was not feared that the mail would be intercepted, because
orders had been given to escort it, but that it would, perhaps,
arrive two hours later.

The St. .Sebastian Gazette contains a circular note of the Pro-
visional Deputation, the object of which is to collect in the
chief towns of the districts, the young men dwelling in the
country, who may be in danger of being carried off by the fac-
tious. Measures have been taken to give 15 sons per day,
to each man, while they are in these places of refuge. Thus,
all excuse is taken from those who should pretend they were
carried from their homes by force, and the Mayors, are
made responsible.
Another circular publishes the Decree of .he Cortes, of 29th
June, respecting the surveillance which the Political Chief and
the Provisional Deputation ought to exercise over the suspicious
conduct of the Clergy of their provinces, and the removal from
their functions of those Priests who domot inspire the necessary
confidence.

A third circular prohibits the sale of gunpowder, and orders
the inhabitants of the three Provinces to deliver up, as soon as

* This victory of Colocotroni was, according to the Gazette
of Firenze, gained between Argos and Corinth, on the jth
August.
t It is the same as an article inserted in two Parisian Jour--
nals three days ago. It seems that they all have proceeded from
the same source.— Note of the Editor of the Journal des Debits.

indigent Greek fugitives is very great, farther subscriptions are
solicited for this laudable object.

BERLIN, SErr: 13.—We learn that his Majesty's depar-
ture for the Congress.at Vienna, &c., is now lied for the 20th
instant.

SEPTEMBER 15—The Prince Chincellor is expected to-day
from Westphalia, and it is said; he will also go to the Con-
gress the beginning of next month.
SErrEmnEn. If.—The Diet is not convoked. His Ma-
jesty, however, in confirming-the Budget for this year and the
next, has reduced by one-third, the contribution to be fur-
nished in kind, so that this tax is now reduced by 478,000 rix
dollars.—(Hamburgh Papers, Sept. 17.)
Exchange on London - 37 01-37 31
ST. PETERSBURGH SEPT. 3.
,Exchange on London - - 101 1-10
Amsterdam - 10 2-32 1-10
Hamburgh - 9
Paris - - 106

AMSTERDAM, SEPT. 19.—A Berlin Paper, which is con-
sidered as half official, positively contradicts the report of the
march of an Austrian corps to reinforce the French Cordon on
the Pyrennees.
BRUSSELS, SEPT. 19.—Yesterday evening a British Cabi-
net Messenger passed through this City ; he came from London
and was going. in all haste to Vienna, to carry thither the intel-
ligence of the appointment of Mr. Canning to the office of Se-
cretary for Foreign Affairs in the room of the late Marquess of
Londonderry. The Duke of Wellington wished for this no-
mination to be made before he set out for Vienna. We ima-
ginethat his Grace left London about the 17th.
_ _

The Committee appointed by his Majesty last March to con-
sider of measures for the relief of agriculture, and of which
Baron Roil! is President, has terminated its labours, and has
just presented its Report to the King.
IV e learn that his Excellency the Minister of State, M.
Repelaar Van Driel, has just been appointed by the King,
President of the Anonymous Society, which is to meet at
Brussels, for every thing relative to agriculture, commerce, and
manufactures, according to the regulations of the Royal Decree
on that Sl.eCt.
NUItEMBIT RG, SEPT. M.—We learn from Vienna that the
Aulic Council has just sent to the War Department an order
to raise all the regiments of infantry in the Austrian army to
their full complement. This measure must be carried into
effect about the end of September, or at the beginning of Octo-
ber at the farthest. It is observed that the corps formed by the
Landwehr are exempt from this measure. They are not to be
embodied this year, as has long been usual in Austria.
( Flanders Papers, Sept. 21.)
VIENNA, SEPT. B.—The Austrian Observer of to-day con-
tains no further intelligence of the affairs of Greece and Turkey.
It has the following article respecting the arrival of the Em-
perors :
" His Majesty the Emperor of Russia arrived here this fore-
noon (the 7th), accompanied by his Majesty our gracious Sove-
reign, who tent this morning to meet his illustrious visitor at
some distance from the city. His Imperial Majesty, who is in
perfect health, went to the apartments prepared for him in the
Imperial Palace."
Count Nesselrode arrived here on the 4th from St. Peters-
burgh, and Count Pozzo di Borgo on the sth from Paris.
Count Lebzeltern, Extraordinary Ambassador and Minister
Plenipotentiary from the Emperor of Austria to the Court of
St. Petersburgh ; the Russian General Count Czernicheff; and
Count Ferronays, French Ambassador to the Russian Court,
have also arrived from St. .Petersburgh.
Viscount Montmorency, the French Minister and Secretary
of State for Foreign Affairs, arrived here last night from Paris.
The Duke of Wellington is expected between the 12th and
15th.

From the LONDON GAZETTE of Sept. 2 1 .
Carlton House, Sept. 12, 1822.
The king has been pleased to appoint Sir William Knighton,
Bart. to be keeper of his Majesty's Privy Purse.