The Sun.
London, England, 1825-12-01 00:00:00

[NEW TIMES.]

There is really nothing surprising in the pre-
sent fall of the Stacks, if viewed in conjunction
with the recent course of events in the commercial
world. The Public Funds are affected from day
to-day by causes which have no relation to their
ultimate security. If by overtrading, by foreign
loans, or by speculation of any kind, a demand
for money is created, money must be furnished
at any rate, and sacrifices must be made by those
Stockholders who are pressed for immediate pay-
ments. Hence a sudden rush, as it were, of
sellers into the Market, and a supply of
Stock far exceeding the demand. Expe-
rienced persons have foreseen the result. Similar,
occurrences, though rare, are to be met with in

re history of public and private credit. Looking
back to the year 1792 we perceive a similar cause
followed by still more disastrous consequences.
" A spirit of commercial speculation and enter-
prise,"says the historian of that day, " had been
for some time increasing in every part of the
kingdom, and had now got to such a height as to
threaten public credit with very serious clanger."
" But as these embarrassments arose from the
precipitation and not the inability of British mer-
chans, there wanted nothing but such activity and
understanding as seems to have been employed
in providing a remedy." The Report of the Select
Committee in April 1793,stated that" the pressure
of the moment had affected many houses of great
solidity and possessed of funds ultimately much
more than sufficient to answer all demands upon
them, but which had not the means of converting
those funds into money," and that these circum-
stances had induced Bankers and others to keep
in their hands a greater qirantity of money than
they thought necessary in the usual train of busi-
ness ; and that large sums we thus kept out of
circulation, and great difficulty arose in procur-
ing the usual advances on Bills of Exchange."
The effect of the measures then adopted by
Mr. Pitt was to raise Consols from 702 in Fe-
bruary to 81 in the April following ; and there
can be little doubt but that in a short time from
the present date Consols will in like manner re-
cover. It will be considered that every Country
Bank in the Kingdom is now under the necessity
of " keeping in its hands a greater quantity of
money than it thinks necessary in the usual
train of business." Probably not less than
Ten Millions are thus locked up, and the
sudden subtraction of such a sum from the
circulating medium must of course be felt
through all the ramifications of trade. But still
this property is not lost or annihilated, and
as soon as confidence revives, the money will be
brought again into circulation. As to the impu-
dent fabrications which were put forth to increase
the alarm, they have been so completely exposed,
that they now reflect nothing but infamy on their
inventors. We distinctly asserted the other clay
that the pretended conversation of the Chancellor
of the Exchequer with the Governor and Deputy
Governor of the Bank was an entire fabrication.

NEW LONDON BRlDGE.—Yesterday a third
Special Session was held before the LORD MAYOR, Recorder,
and Aldermen, for the purpose of trying what compensation
was due for damage sustained by parties whose premises have
been taken down to form the approaches for the new London
Bridge.—The first claim tried was that of Mr. Thomas
Thomas, the leaseholder of Nos. 314 and 315, on the west
side of High-street. There were 151 years unexpired of the
lease, at a rent of 1001. per annum. No. 315 was let to a fish-
monger, at 801. per annum. No. 314, with a part of 315, was
in the occupancy of Mr. Thomas, who carried on the business
of a pawnbroker. There were two tenements at the back of these
premises, the one letting at 14/. 6s. the other at 151. 6s. per ann.
The claim made by Mr. Thomas was for his lease and the
goodwill of his trade. The gross rent of the whole premises
was 2141.; and deducting the rent of 1001., the net value of the
leasehold property was 1141. per annum. He valued the lease
at ten years and a half purchase, and claimed for it the sum of
1,2291. 16s. He estimated his profit as a pawnbroker at 800/.
per annum, and valuing it at three years and a half purchase,
he asked 2,8001. for it ; for fixtures, &c., he claimed 140/.
Mr. Montague, for the City, valued the lease at 9181.; Mr..
Hoggart valued it at 846/. ; and Mr. Kaye at 9191. Mr. Ser-
geant WILDE, for the claimant, requested the Jury to dismiss
from their minds the claims made on the Corporation, for they
were put in at a time when the claimant was under the influ-
ence of strong feelings at being forcibly dispossessed of his pre-
mises, and driven from a business which was thriving. From
the evidence adduced on behalf of Mr. Thomas, respecting the.
profits of his business, it appeared that for one year they
were 5001.; for the next 6001.; and for the last ten months
656/., or what would be about 700/. in the year. The situation
was represented as advantageous and increasing in value.—
The COMMON-SERGEANT replied.—The Jury having retired
for a considerable time, returned a verdict, assessing the com-
pensation due to the. claimant—For his lease, 1050/. ; for his
loss of trade, 960/. ; for fixtures, 116/. ; total 2,126!., being
2043!. less than the original claim made by Mr. Thomas.—
Mr. York, a fishmonger, residing at No. 315, High-street, re-
ceived 220!. compensation, by consent; and Mr. Ovendon, a
shoemaker, residing at No. 318, received 863/. by consent.

If the Ranger of Hyde Park were to witness
the constantly recurring chances of accidents,
owing to the close, high paling which intersects
the carriage road opposite the Hyde Park-corner
gates, from carriages coming unseen upon each
other, we are certain that a different expedient
would be adopted. Rounding the eastern extre-
mity, and pulling down a few of the pales, might
answer the purpose : we have repeatedly incurred
personal danger.—(Morning Paper.)

LAW INTELLIGENCE.

COURT OF COMMON PLEAS, Nov. 30.

BREACH OF PROMISE OF MARRIAGE.-:HUTCHINSON v.

SAUNDERS.

Mr. Serjeant TAnDY (with whom was Mr. Prendergast)
stated this case to the Jury. It was an action to recover com-
pensation in damages for a breach of promise of marriage.—
The plaintiff Was a young woman, the •daughter of a man in
very humble circumstances, supporting himself by his trade
as a shoemaker. The defendant is -a farmer, residing in the
same county (Essex). He is a farmer, and is now abotit 60
years of age. In the month of July, 1824, the plaintiff lived
as servant with defendant, who was then a married man and
his wife living. In November, 1824, the wife died, and in
the course of some time, the defendant began to pay the plain-
tiff attentions, and by his promises so tar gained on her, as
that she yielded to his wishes, and became pregnant by him.
In the month of September last, a friend of hers called on the
defendant, and spoke to him on the subject of Mary Ilutchin-
son's situation. It was on defendant's edmission on that oc-
casion that the present action chiefly rested. In the course of
his interviews with Mr. Clarke (the plaintiff's friend) he gave
a promise that he would marry her, and the wedding ring was
bought, and the clay named ; but after all he changed his
mind, anti now refused to perform his promise.
Mr. Clarke was put into the witness-box, and proved those
facts, but before his evidence was concluded,
Mr. Sergeant VAUGHAN, on the part of the defendant, con-
sented that a verdict should be entered against his client for 100/.
To this the plaintiff's counsel consented, and a verdict was
accordingly entered for 100/. damages and costs.

SLANDER.-JONES V. STROTJD AND WIFE.
This was an action for slanderous words spoken by Mrs.
Stroud to the injury of the plaintiff's character. The plaintiff
is a baker, and the defendants keep the Noah's Ark public_
house, in Deptford. The slanderous words were uttered by
Mrs. Stroud in January, 1824. They were these: " You, Davy
Jones, have been transported for stealing wool from your
master's waggon ;" and, " that he had been discharged by his
master, being 2001. short in your accounts." The words were
given as they are here written, and were read from a memoran-
dum book by a witness (John Patterson, a broker), who was
called for the plaintiff.
Patterson at first said, that he made the memorandums on
the evening the words were spokeu. On his cross-examination
he admitted that he made it the morning after ; but in the
course of his cross-examination, it came out that this memo-
randum was only a copy of the original, and taken six months
or a year (he could not say which) after the original was
written. When asked for the original memorandum, he at
first said that he gave it to the attorney in the cause, and that
it was not returned. (The attorney was examined as to this
fact, and positively swore that the original was returned to
witness.) Witness then said he had lost it, and did not know
where to find it. On being pressed by the Lord Chief Justice
to produce the paper, the witness (after fumbling about his
pockets for a long time) at length stooped down in the witness-
box, and picked up two bits of it, which (as he said) had fallen
from him. On examining these scraps, it did not appear that
the words on them exactly corresponded with those already
stated by the witness, nor was either a correct copy of what
set forth in the declaration.

Under these circumstances, the LORD CIIIEF JUSTICE
directed the plaintiff' to be nonsuited.

RULE OF COURT FOR ENTERING LONDON CAUSES.
In the course of the day the LORD CHIEF JUSTICE re-
marked, that hitherto it had been the rule of the Court that
all causes to be tried at the London Sittings should be entered
for trial on or before the adjournment-day. As this Court had
much more business in London than in Middlesex, he thought
that more time ought to be given for entering causes. He
therefore wished it to be known, that in future suitors in the
Court would be allowed three days after the adjournment-day
to enter causes for trial.

The adjournment-day will be Tuesday next, December 6,
on which day the London sittings will be resumed.

PREROGATIVE COURT, Nov. 30.
CLEMENTS V. RHODES-
In this case, Thomas Wilson, of Woolwich, an illegitimate
person applied to the Court, to allow an opportunity to esta-
blish the validity of a will, purporting to have been executed
in August 1820, and which would supersede the testamentary
document which had been, until this period, deemed the last
will of the deceased, and which was dated the 21st of March,
1821. The applicant stated, that although he had been cited to
appear in the proceedings which had already taken place, he
was not able to obey the citation in consequence of his extreme
poverty. The will of 1821 gave to the applicant a legacy of
1001. whereas the will of 1820 left him an annuity of 2001.
Sir JOHN Nicnor.r. granted liberty to exhibit interroga-
tories to the witnesses upon the condition that the applicant
would give security in the sum of 100/., to cover costs in case
the proceedings should turn out to have no foundation. He
could easily anticipate that no difficulty would attend the com-
pliance with this decision, for he observed that Mr. Wilson
was in a situation to make his application by two Learned
Advocates.

GWENAPPE MINING COMPANY.

AMeeting of the Shareholders of this Corn

patty having been anonymously advertised for Saturday at the
Auction Mart, and no proceedings having occurred, as no per-
son appeared to sanction the advertisement, the Board of Direc-
tors commissioned their Secretary to announce a bona fide meet-
ing for ten o'clock on Wednesday, at the Crown anti Anchor.
Yesterday a considerable number of original Shareholders,
who were exclusively admitted on the production of a circular
issued for the purpose of preventing the intrusion of strangers,
assembled at the appointed hour.
Mr. 11 AY WAR D having been proposed, and having taken
the Chair,

Mr. COOKE stated that he should submit facts to disprove
the false charges which have been advanced against himself and
those Gentlemen with whom he was connected. He and two
other Gentlemen had received proposals of a desirable nature
respecting the sale of the Gwenappe Mines, and inspection
confirmed the account which had been given. A letter which
Mr. Cooke read from one of the persons concerned 'in the ad-
venture (Mr. Haywood) said, that one of the lodes already
cut through was rich in tin, and that two other lodes, one of
tin and another of copper were expected to be opened imme-
diately. The Directors, however, did not trust these repre-
sentations, but sent an agent to propose a less sum than was
at first stipulated. This proposal was rejected. A meeting
was then held, and it being probable that the speculation
would prove lucrative, lie (Mr. Cooke) had the honour
to be elected, in conjunction with Captain Langley, as
one of the Directors. On 1,330 shares, deposits of 3/. each had
been received, which amounted to 3,9901.-470 other shares
had been allotted, but.not paid on, but the call could be answered
on them. After deduction of various expences, in travel-
ling printing, and cash advanced to agents, there was a balance
of 791. The. Directors were in advance 1201. Every shil-
ling received for Shares had been expended in the legitimate
purposes of the Company, or lay in the Bankers' hands. Mr.
Cooke next read extracts from two letters, to show that
he made his agreement good by paying to the house of Carr
and Glyn the money required, as a condition of the contract
by the possessors of the Mines in Cornwall. Having thus
ratified their contract, the Directors further determined that
no salary, nor remuneration should be paid unless justified
by, and in proportion to, the profits of the concern. It. was
moreover resolved, that the prospects of success warranted the
highest hopes—that the Directors should advance 15/. each for
certain incidental expences. Twenty shares at first qualified for
a Director ; subsequently thirty were added, so that ultimately
fifty constituted the qualification. Mr. Cooke, as acting with
the money of members of his family, which was numerous, pos-
sessed more than the prescribed number. No person was ever Te-
fused information in respect to this Company at his office, and it
was a great hardship that persons of respectability who had
thuS acted with honour and honesty, should be dragged before
the public. Here Mr. Cooke asked was any of these tra-
ducers present ? He then stated that he expected the Company
would succeed, and in this opinion he was fortified by a letter
received last night from Cornwall. Should a failure, however,
occur, the funds would be returned to the public. He begged to
be excused from offering any opinion on legal points. If. Gentle-
men preSent wished to propose questions of this purport, lie did_
not like to commit himself by an answer: but he appealed to
the decision of the Gentlemen present on his statetnent.—(Cheers
and applause from all parts of the room.)
A Shareholder wished to know, was a further call contem,
plated ?
Mr. COOKE said, the precarious nature of the concern pre-
vented a definitive answer. It might be necessary to extend the
business, in which case the Shareholders must be solicited.
Another Shareholder wishedlo knoiv if there was to be a di-
vidend before an instalment.

• Alt. COOKE could not positively answer, but said there
' would be a dividend within the time specified in the prospectus.
The mines were' the richest in Cornwall,-and if worked by
adequate funds must be, lucrative. The purchase was not yet
concluded, but there was no doubt of its completion.
Several Resolutions were then proposed and carried to the
effect That the Directors' acts were. satisfactory, and that
these Directors should be continued.—That the pro4ects of
success were )cheering.—That the unfounded attacks on the
Directors were _intended to injure the Company.—That their
conduct was disiMerested, path itous, and commendable.—That
thanks should be i',turned to the Chaiiman; and• That the Re-
solutions passed should be published in the Newspapers."

CURIOUS WEAPON•

The following description is given i
during the revolutionary contest, and now &Pc'
sited in the cabinet of the American, Antiquarian
the organ
Society. The fabricator must have had
of destructiveness (we guess) pretty considerably
developed At the extremity of a shaft or
handle about eight feet in length, is fixed a bead
of steel formed in two prongs, eight inches long,
n an Amelia
united like those of a farmer's large hay fork
these, instead of being rounded and smoothed, are
formed with sharp edges, so that an assailant Who
had seized on either with his hands would have
been speedily and easily deprived of those men"
hers; both are pointed for the purpose of tbrns.t.
'rig against an enemy. At the insertion of 00
fork into the wood, two stout and keen blades
of equal length are firmly fixed at right anglecgi
with the former, projecting on each side, an
whetted like the two first on both edges; be,
math is a third of equal •
length, extending Jowl?:
ward, and designed to inflict a death-wound, "
the holder, in fight, should strike his victim fr!riti:•
above. The contriver, after having thus Pr°
ed five little swords to attack and disable his op'
ponet, in every manner circumstances 114.,h
make expedient ; by thrusting forward, as wit_
a spear, by levelling a heavy descending bloi% •
as with the battle-axe; by pushing berm/iv/A:lh
body and transfixing the unfortunate wr;`eg
with a returning stroke, as with the 0140
bill-hooks sometimes seen ; or by teariog er
lacerating him as could be done by no ntito•
implement on the face of the earth, seenls.„-t
have bethought himself of a provision agall;t
the loss of this portable arsenal. To Preve-A
the possibility of the weapon being wrenctl!th
from the possessor, the handle is lined 11,e.
the surface, and extending two feet
sharp blades rising about half an inch an,
along froall
the points ; so that if the combatant escaPedire,
the traps set for his destruction at the ex
the
mity, and rashly seized the weapon below Y
the
points, with any malicious intention, bell
first effort to become its master, his ban d
would inevitably be cut to the bone and disable
from the performance of any further rnilit!ri
duty. At the termination of these knives
guard is set to preserve their grasp more sectl.ri
ly. The handle is of strong and firm matertal
and terminates at the lower end in a short ttrr
thick point of steel, rounded and adjusted ioe
severed, or essentially injured,
plunging into the flesh. Strengthened and rh;
tected as it is by metal, the staff could 110`, 4
blows dealt from the sword of the assailant']
Against all engines and implements used in
art of human destruction, excepting always,tho.e
this slngcle,
moved by the " villanous saltpetre,"
instrument would be a most competent defen.m.
The swordsman would be kept at bayl;r I le,
paled, without being able to print a 519,fis, •
bloody mark upon an enemy placed att
Lance so great as the extremity of the in „:9
by the heavta2
The trooper would find little benefit from•
elevation, for he could not be beyond the odle),es.
The infantry might, without the
ration of the fork and its armament of bla
encounter wi_tot
great cowardice, shrink from an
spears aiming at life in all directions.
19r,
look old
whatever side we view them, they
midable and dangerous. When men sb" .
boarding shilp
meet hand to hand, either in
most feari
or storming forts, they would do
execution."
imputation.%

ISCOYERY EXTILAORDIN,4.R;..- A - upit'
D f„,.vi daY5
ago a person residing in Scotland-yard wrote to Sir II ij.ioverY
!iEr DAvY, stating that he had made an important di; . he
in chemistry, and requesting an interview, in ordcr to''‘t the
might_ explain the particulars thereof. The Presider)! p 1,,,,
Royal Society, ever interested in the progress of natural d Kr
i ac-
ledge, immediately gran ,e 1 the interview required, nn 3,, are'
cordingly took place. The stranger was seated, when "„"hiclx
conducted with sufficient accuracy
nounced that he had discovered a process of analysis, bY traar-
lyter could be resolved into a single element. " Most e.,7:Ticre,
dinary, most important," replied the astonished, yet ha',lll,,,pri
dulous President, " are you assured that your analysislr,sp,
My process of analysis is to generalise the term argi"e/' boa
to comprise under its signifi 'that 1). 1 las hitherto 1,
cation wlc i 1 yero I
called hydrogen. In this sense of the term, it is uni„vgeo
true that water is a simtde substance, consisting of ".'-', f
alone."—lt would be difficult to describe the Societyexpress2e-
countenance with which the President of the Royal corr
heard this novum arganum announced. stranger rid
tinued, " Your analysis of the alkalies and lithe eartlis,ol,
Won-
your discovery of so many new metals, are nothing' to the and
ders I can perform. I can convert tinsel into' diamonds, over
erY e
transmute brass '
is false."
that every proposition is true, or that every into gold ; I have obtained such a mas!l
col
language?" " Most perfectly 3,.
sor'io
and logic, that I am tible to demonstrate wtt 1
sitio
Sir Humphrey Davy rang the bell, prolyred a
servant to see the gentleman safely home, and to des
family to send for
a physician.
--.....•te-.1.:"
and or
ire, bi,

1 ,
COAL MARKET, Nov. 30. fen'
.n Ai\lair's, 38s—Burdon, 37s 9d to 38s•-Beaumont, fri''''- :43,4
'tog
8s lain, 32s 9d—Heaton, 37s Gd to 38s-Lliebburn l‘lainilia‘
El!....edd GRrideedne;°,l3Y
p_ln wmarch,
dkll3d--
lain, 35s—Ord's Redhugh, 36s--Percy East,' 37, „,,il •
well, 38s—Killingworth, 33s to 38a d--po
t.np 'Windsor, 355--Tanfield Moor,- 38s 3d to 38s Gd--1 veil
ley, 38s—Willington, 391 3d—W3lam, 38s—Walis End
anti Co. 39s Gd-7:::3V9dad_lltsovt:lnd Bewicke and Co. 42, all'sl3fi'l
Tanfield,— a sEnd Metal, 36s to 36s 6d—lietton242_,
40s Gd to 41 Wll ' a S n
reign, small screened,.24s—Lambt 11 screened' I .
on sma • - 11 ate,
' 3s 3d—Fawcett bto,
?;s—Hedworth Main, 35s—Lyon;s, '4ois to 40s 3d—L,'l,,Del.
Primrose, 33s—Montague Main, 345-::-Walls End,Ciiies`o;n's,
36s—Walls End Hetton, 42s 9d to 43s—Walls Pia
34s—Walls'''it7li---
End Stewart's, 43s—•Ships at market,
Ships sold, 521.—Unsold, 191.
_____L.........,____
Trader, 39s 6(31_8:31d,
al a lEos
sEldseendEnd nj
vNd.:o}ririntiobitus.
rpt
Dubrde,
rni3tll97 ssd;:e.
Russell
„....4,1,:411..:

•
BIRTHS.
CsIOF4
At Great Yarmouth, on the 27th ult., the lady
of
Robe H. Barclay, Oya Navy, of a daughter. •of
Onrt Monday last,R t the lady of Henry Down, zsq"
daughter.

togar
- - •
MARRI.
At fit. Pancras Church, LimitenaE nDt
Francis Sewell!,!c:;r
Margaret,
only daughter of Mr. Sewell, of Newlan(-,
i
le.

On the 29th inst., at his IpioluEsepa't.Pentonville, aged 65,;;1er:
Captain James Foy
Watkinson, father of the Rev. H. AVatkinson, a Charterdio
On Monday Jast, at her house.in Chandos-street, Cavq,l, of
square, in OA, 79th year of her age, Elizabeth Anne, t'''' utl, of
the late Benjamin Way, of I)dt-ham-place, in
thet elc,01;e1
giacks, Esq., and eldest daughter of the Very 1 ,
Suddenly, Ely, and Provost of King's College, Canibr?.geen,„ol,
inenly, on the 28th 1 at his house at Twa-li 'fr.
diaman - I ' I ' • 01'
le iOt i year of his age.'
On Wednesday, at his brother's house in Upper WO,
street, Edward Calvert Esq.
,
late Commander of the Osterly ,East '

S V 4.
„t• tbc

Printed and Published for
OFFICE, No. 112, Strand, e, PRornTFT~r~. "'
by J. B. cAns