The Sun.
London, England, 1822-02-21 00:00:00

' cessive supply is at length brought to market ?
It is evideitt.thit-Aliei'Weuld.a.t first look very
shy at the hats,--that-the sales would be heaVyi
that the Patentees' -would btcdine "eager,—that
the _buyers shy more and more. the dealers
alleging they. were • already. supplied with more
than they could 'sell, the consumers, that they:
were furnished to the extent of their present
wants. The dealers at length offer sixteen shill-
ings for a parcel of the hats, which, as the Pa-
tentees must have,money, is accepted. The glut,
hoWever, in the market, is thus increased ;. and
at the succeeding sales the price is gradually
lowered to twelve or, eleven shillings. The Pa-
tentees become embarrassed ; and apply to Par-
liament for relief from the tax of five,shillings,
to the imposition of which. they attribute their
distress, contending, that, if the tax of. five shill-
ingi Were taken Of, their selling price of eleven
shillings would remunerate them!
r, '
In this case of application for relief, Parlia7
meat would, with equal,justice -and wisdom,.re.;
ply to the Petitioners, in the words of Mr. tti.
CARDO, 44 You haVe:had the power in your, own
hands of avoiding, the tax ; and, if you have not
regulated the produCc: to the demand, you must
bear the consequence ! !" ,
But the, circamstztuces in which the ag.ricul
turists are placed are very different. It is im.

possible that they=or`dny other numerous class of
producers should act in eoncert,—should; like
an.• individual, or a company, have .either
the will or the power to limit their produc-
tion to the amount fequired by the demand.
It is quite imposSible that, having once attained
the power of furnitliing an over supply, the sup-
ply should,in the present circumstances of society,
be limited by any bther means than by .the _dis—
tress of the producers. They are necessarily
Impelled by those circumstances to produce all
that they can; and; having
.been thus forced to
produce an excess,-that excess necessarily reduces
them to a situation of difficulty. Some of them
must cultivate less, or all of them must be dis-
tressed, and many of them must be ruined. But
who amongst them will cultivate less, whilst_all
the rest raise the utmost amount of produce in
their power ? None, will do this :—none, until
by repeated losses they are driven from their
farms altogether; and until by repeated trials at
rents more and, more reduced, and the successive
ruin of successive cultivators, the inferior lands
be wholly abandoned ; and even then the occu-
piers of the poorest soils which remain under the
plough will-continue to be in a state of distress,
as will alto the mass of the population, from the
diminished supply of the necessaries of life!
So far are the farmers, as producers, from hav-
ing the power in their own hands of avoiding the
taxes, by'regalating the supply to the demand,,
that each farmer is compelled; by the very distress
in which he .is involved, to make • greater and'
greater efforts to increase his produce to the
highest possible amount which his soil is capable
of yielding. Whatever may he the consequenees
to the agriculturists, as a body, each farmer has
no other means' of preserving himself,—of sur-
viving the action of causes which are certain to
destroy great numbers' of the class to which he
belongs ; and from which destruction, he, as an
individual, can only escape, by' raising so large a
quantity of produce,• that, even at a low price, it
will afford him a chance of going on, until the
ruin of numbers of his competitors is effected!-
. , NVe have now before us a Letter from a'Scot-
tith, land-owner, a gentleman of great intelli-
gence, and well versed in Agricultural affairs.—
He says, "The Farmers in Scotland are not 'so
badly circumstanced as in England.. In East-
Lothian, there are not any complaints from them.
The crop of Wheat there this year averaged
nearly five quarters Ver statute acre, which, at
the present prices in Scotland, .will bring 1'51.7-
This accounts for the' few.complaints you hear
from thit, part of the island."

The Farmers in East-Lothian, by their great
produce, have saved themselves, though, by
creasing the •general excess, thoy contribute to
the ruin of others! Was it possible, however,
for the Scotch Farmers to do otherwise ? or, was
it possible for the Farmers who are in distress to
prevent their more- fortunate competitors from
raising a great produce? Surely not. The dis-
tressed Farmers, then, have not had the power of
regulating-the supply.—lt can only be restricted
by their ruin, and the ultimate abandodment of
a part of-their lands.

ERCANTI,I.& SIH &e. -;
GunvEsEzrn, FED. N.—Sailed the • Asia, Lindsay, for
Malras.
DEAL, "FEB. W.S.W.—Put back the outward-
bound. Sailed the hOrneviard-bound. Arrived and remains the
Hazard, Nhiteham, frorriLeithfor Havre. Arrived and sailed
for the River the ReJiauce,,..Sioith, from Bourdeaux and
Vriisland Welwaait; Van "Viers' Harlingen for Liver-
pbol ; the latter remains:- Came down from the River and re:
mail the Richard
.Reynolds.i.Roberts ; iand Somersetshire;
Parent, for JaMaica ; Baltic-Merchant, Laughton, for Trini
dad; Camden, Morton ; and ',Vary, Nahrwaring, for Antigua ;
London Packet, Ttaccy,Tor Boston ;`and Mars, Soinersall, for
.Demerara.
SEVEN o'CLocic.--Arriyed and sailed for the River the
Simeon, Roberts, froin Rio Janeiro.
SOARBOnOuGIii Fri! 1.:--The Queen, Follett, from
:London for Sunderland, was•ittn on board of by a loaded brig
on Sunday night off Runswick, which carried away her bow-
sprit, jibbnoin, &c.: great fears are entertained for the safety
.of the,other vessel. •

PENzANcE, FEB. 19,!--,The: Voltaire, of Philadelphia,, in
1104 days from Batavia, was spoken with off the. Lizard; the
Captain was lying dead in the cabin, and three of the crew had
died, and were thrown overboard ; several of the remainder
were sickly. . .
FALMOUTH, FEB. 19.—Wind N.—Arrived the Duke of
Kent packet, with a mail from Lisbon, in 7 days. Sailed the
Duke of York: pac';.et,- with a mai4 for Jamaica ; -and Dyson
:Norris, for. St. Michael's.
PLYMOUTH, FEB. 19.—Wind N.W.—Arrived the Herald,
Young, from iondon for Sierra Leone. Sailed the Phteton
frigate to the Eastward ; Windlust, EnVman, for Antwerp;
Eclipse, Kent, for Africa ; Ocean, M"ielage ; and Endea.
your, Mosselmanfor Jamaica.
FEB.F
YABMOUTII 20.--One hundred and four kegs of
geneva and tobacco were delivered over to the Excise yesterday
by the Preventive boat' and 64 kegs of .geneva and brandy, and:
some bags of tea to thetustaing by the Ranger cutter, having
been picked up near the Wcll.Livht, by. some coasting vessels.
HARIVICII, FEU. 20:L—Arrived theNansittazt packet, from
Cuxhaven. Sailed the Prince of Orange. packet, for Holland;:
and Lord Nilann,'ditto,:forCtixhaven, all With-niails.

• Yesterday a Court of Directors. was - the East India
Ilouse, when the ship Princess Amelia, of 1275 tons, wn
taken up and stationed. for China.direct7—The, following Cap=
taing" were sworn. into the •cominand of their.respective
.slyps;
viz.- Captain J. Miles, ~Prinee ;
Wain R. WC: Norfori —t.biutt IdireCt. ' •

f'Y~