The Sun.
London, England, 1809-01-10 00:00:00

Sir Q. COTTON h4s arrived from off tl3e Migus.

An insnrreeiion broke out on. the oth of Novetn -
he!, at Algiers, when the Turks killed the DRY,
and spread great consternation, which, however;
was but momentary, as another Mt, of di* same.
name, ALI, was chosen, -and things were soon re•
stored to their former tranquil state..

'Though the intelligence' from Spain which we
communicated to our Readers yesterday could be
little gratifying to the friends of that Country„ yet
it honourable to ourown, inasmuch us it
showa that we have done, every thing in our iowet:
to sustain, thecause of the Spanish Patriots, and have
athuilly rendered them such important services as,
if properly followed up by themselves, will ulti-
mately secure their independence. •If our brave
army was obliged to retreat, it retreated from at
least lour times its number, when it would not have
been courage, but folly or Madness; to attempt an
opposition.—lts retreat too was marked by intrepi-,
dity and military skill, as is evident by the losses of
the enemy and the number of our prisoners. It
Was obviously BUONAPARTE'S objea to die t% it .pos-
Bible, the total destuction of our arrny-4,atul then,
from the consternation and terror which such an
event would have produced, the conquest of Spain
might have been a comparatively easy achievement.
Now we have preserved our forOes for any opportu-
nities that may present themselves of a more fa-
vourabk nature., BUONAVAUTE has been withdrawn
from his designs ort the South of Spain, and before
he can resume those designs, the Patriotic armies,
in conjunaien with the British troops,may be able
to take measures for-finally defetuing hitn.—We
could say more on this subjc6l, not only of a conso-
latory but of an encouraging description, but the
length and variety of other matters ,oblige us to
postpone our remarks fur the present.

We now.conclude our Article on the ()Wed and probable
• Umue cilliuushma,steasi, AttaCk. un spina.

is an opinion very generally received in Europe,
that Spain solicited the . Peace of 17ei, and that
France didated the Tr, ilasle. The day will
corn:: (and, W'o at no very remote
period) when it will b 4 oved that it was the French.
General who commanded the ..:triny -of the Pyrenees
who pressed on the Committee of the .NatiePal,
Government, the necessity Of making peace with
Spain. That SIEYES and TUEILLAUD, the organs of
the Jacobin party in the Committee, insisted on Ola-
the continuatice of the,,War, iu the hope of revolu-
lutioniiing Spain: that the General of the army of
the Pyrenees declared •it was midnetts to flatter
theMselves. that revolutionary principles could he
propagated in Spain ; that the Spanish NegOcia7
tors comportd theimelves with all the dignity be.
Coming the Representatives of a great and inde:
pendent Nation. And, finally, that the terms -of
Peace were agreed to in the Committee of Govern-
ment by a majtirity of one only. The sane 'Gene-
pi, who then commaudd the army of the Pyrenees,
was afterwards Ambassador to Spain, and his re-
sidence at Madrid, confirmed hum in the opinion
that the Spanish Nation would forever reject the
principles of the Revolution.

From the Peace of Basle Spain had maintairsed
the Treaty with the fidelity which charaaerizes this
respectable Nation : her alliance, togiwas extremely
advantageous to Fiance. It was therefore
ot,:a-stwasent<wilun the oat kilted - opinion compelled
thIONAPARTI4 to give the enemies of France a short
resotC, to think of declaring War against her mot
faithful, her inoSt devoted,,and her most useful Ally.
On the other hand, it was not safe to dismiss to their
homes those Conscripts, torn from the bosom of
'their families, who had been witnesses of the hound.:
less pillage of the Gr..nerals of EVONAPARTE, of thC'
horrorwhich his name every where inspired, and of
the odium and disgrace which it brought on their
Country. It was then that a plan was conceived for
obtaining by perfidy and treason what he did not

dare to ravish by open force; and a pretext WO
formed for , introducing n French army into
Spain, without appe►arin; to, be at War with the
country.

age and infirmities or CIIARLEi IV. tlu COll4
,
tempt into which his Government hadlett withi
the people, and the general hatred of att. tkiworthyl
minion who hod , betrapd his King, hiii Conn*,
tty, and every thing belic!, sacred among 'lien, sag=
gmted the idea of folloWing his ambition by ale
of a Sovereignty. The secret 1104. y. of otiutiableau,
derelooawit b suflicieut clearness ',hemp& no finoti

Cal.lnent.of the Thuilleries to introduce a French
army into Spain. The_ events which tool 'i place at.
the Escurial ptiVe that the Spaoish Council foresacv
the comie,quences of this .Treati, that_ they allll'W to
.oppOse the national opinion to the ascendency of
the favourite, 4tici, to Wing forward the heir of -the
throne, whose legal rights were openly menaced.-7-
oopoY perceived that he was discivered, an&he con-
ceived the dating and desperateprOjea of procuring
the Prince of 44TuaiAs, t 4 whom Spain had already
sworn.tidelity and obedience, to be condemned by
Ctirot Lim IV. who seems to have put ()tint once the
father and the li.ing.! Bilt u circumstance took
place, which neither the Cabinet of the ThuiNries,
nor thelavourite had foreseen, and this was, 'a re-
v olution purely ;Spanish. It becaine necessary to ap.7
pease the Spaniards, by restoring to them the Prince,
who had already given them a distant hope of termi-
nating those humiliations to which the favourite had
subjeaed the Nation.

The conquest 'of Portugal still served for a pretext
to the plan Winch the Cabinet of the Thuidefies
obstinately .'pursued. of covering Spain with
French, armies : and whether it be, that GopoT
suspected BUONAPAATE would not' perform his
promise, but to- Meditate his own views, medi-
tated sacrificing him to the. Prince of ASTVKIAS or
whether the discontent of the Spaniards was so great
as to make him fear a general insurreCtion, certain it
is, that he decided CIiAItLES IV. to emigrate to
Ainerica : and, when that scheme failed, induced
him to abdicate in favour of his son. But at Aran"-
juez, as at the Escurial, the revolution was still &rely
Spanish.

We must not deceive ourselves with respea to the
cause, of the, conquests •of the Revolution. The
French Governirient has. only had armies* to van-
quish, and Cabinets to. intimidate or corrupt. It
has never yet had but one single nation to'combat ;
that ONE, we speak it with pride, is our own; and
to us, the war has been little else but a succession
of triumphs. BIIONAPARI4.)*Of whom all the power,
all the genihs, and all the talents, consist in the'
praaice of revolutionary Means, *believed that he
should become the undisputed master of Spain, if.
he could seize"on the person Of .the King. 'What
has happened there, proves, that nations, abanN.
cloned u) themselves, have but'one sentiment,' that
'of the independence which they derive from God.
It was a glorious spectacle, to see a people, without
a Government, rise at she same moment, take arms
to ekpel the enemy whom treason hal intiodupd,
pardon their Montudit the crimes, of htsrmost in-
famous Minister, swear to die for his captive son,
and thui teach the Sovereigns of the earth, that,
existing only by the people, they ought only to liVe
for the people !
The reverses which the Spanish armies have sus-
tained, and which they will yet sustain, will not
disconrage this magnanimous nation. The causes
Which have occasioned her decline, have not affeaed
the national charaEter; she will remaim united, and
she.will be invincible. Though we should suppoie
that new defeats may constrain her to abandon a yet.
greater portion of her territory ; yet, placed between
the, maintains and the ocean, the, Spaniards will
still be under the protaaion of Nature and Of 'lnk.
land. An hundred thousand of our brave troops
may seek in. Spain the insulting foe who dared .to
menace. the 4nores of Britain !

Again we repeat it :—Upt war will be long,. but
Spain Will triumph i she will necessarily have in
Austria, and 'Turkey, two Allies which Will compel
bIIONAPARTE to employ in. the North those forces
which are wanted in Spain : the abUndant resources
of this Country, wilt be consecrated to defend her
indrpcndence, and a population of, twelve millions,
who hive sworn to be free, will riot be subdued by
an arity

/
t) t

We conclude with a remark which must convince
the Continent, that we do not tbund either our
ril-perity or our pOW.er on the ruin of other States.
The intlependenc.t of America would be the inf4l-
- result of the Conquest of Spain by EIuoNA-
rARTE yet we employ all our' strength to defend
the Mother Country !

His MAJESTY has been *Pied to constitute and
appoint Lord NAPLitfit the Loan ADIVOCAre 01Scot-
land, Sir PATRICK MOHR/04 Haft. of Ochtertyreo
ADAtd Roi-LANo, ,14.',9q. Advocate, Gtt.Ara'r !snots,
Esq. of Stow, Jollsl CAMPBELL. Esq. and DAtelD
REID' Esq. seven of the Man. Board of Trustees,
to be CounniSsiotters for carrying-into eXecution the
AO passed last. Session of*Yarliatnent, for the further
eneOutteinent of the White Herring Fish-

cries.

'l4he Duchess of Yonx. is expeeied in town from
oatiaritig an 'friday, for the winter season.

Yebterday a Cabinet Council was held at the Fo-
reign Office, which was attended by the Doke of
PORT4ANG, Fad CAMDEN, Mr. CAN NING, Lord
CASTLEIMAGII, Mr. PERM' AL, anti Earl
They eat, from three till after` five o'clock. ' •

'Extra& of a private Letter from Halifax, dated.
November 29 Sir GEORGE PREVOST leaves this.
place in a day or two, 'it is supposed, in ordeK to
at ttck some of the French West India. Islandq, with
t:iv 7th, ilth, 23,3, avid lOtstregirberats.

NN • E
AVAL. •

t I,FALISOLITH, JAN. 7.—Arrived the. Bloodhound
Sehoonerfrom a cruize and the chesterfield .Poctet,
Capt. GIBBON, with Mails from New York, in "
days.
A Fleet from the Baltic is arrived otttheAutue
her.

ISLANDS 0? SCILLY,' JAN. 4....011140 Ship- Term,
MARTEN, from
.the coast of Brazil, bound to. Lou-
don, was on the Ist instant forced.in here by eon-
traiy" winds, having sailed ;from ,Falmouth under
convoy of the Humber, was afterwards drove oft to
the coast of Spain and, obliged to tbrow, fourteen of
her guns overboard. At the time the 7'creaa off
Marigorau two Portuguese regiments embarked to
join 6000 men at Port Para, under the Portuguese
General. NARpizE, convoyed' by Portuguese Armed
Brigs and au English Sloop of War ; and before the
Teresa sailed it was reported Cayenne was taken.
The Jane, of Poole, Gut.toi, from lois6on, brings
intelliggnee that on the ath of December uq. the
last division of French troops sailed on tfeaid
Transports, under convoy of a Sloop of War, M
France. • j
•

. _
S(IRE4NESS, JAN. the Forward
Redbreast Gun-brigs.
A marine belon4ing to the Starling Gun-brig re-
ceived t 51) lashes, alongside the ditfetent Ships at 111
Dore, for desertion.

DEAL, JAN. 9.—Came down from the Rivet tha
Cumberland, Ca True ,Briton, Lord Milvalet
and the Scaleslw Castle, outward-bound East India-
men i General Miranda, Onn, for Jamaical 6114
Several other outward-bound Vessels, which remit!
in the DoWns with his Majesty's Ships as per last.

Pentrsuourtr, —9. Arrived His Maje!,•ty's
SiliptMberniq, Sir C. COTTOW, from Lisbon, and
the AfelponzeiTe from the- West Indis
PALNTON, and the Rosina, POTTER, froy4 Neal
Brunswick, with timber.

Sailed His Majesty's Ships ilimable and Citancne4
with a convoy, for the Downs.

1
.1

i

His MAjesty's 'Ship Iris sailed this mornio,g
Lisbon, but brought up at St. Helen's.

. .
• ed • In order to inure the cavalry regiments, ileshn •
for Spain, to the food of that country, Orders leave
been issued to supply rations of barley And cho.PP
straw, instead of hay and oats. Major Gotten
DvoTT and FERGUSON, with Colonel TUCAERiIti
Some other •• Officers of the Stall, have set 4t to
Par thriOutti ".rtiltr*lfitrtiiinel
',edition will sett for Falmouth, under the convoy Ot
the hisi of 50 gnus, Capt. M'Leon, the jVioo Fri
gate, Capt. Louttio, and another Frigate." Thpincce
composing it consists of a detachment .of Engineellit •
a detachment of Royal Artillery and Gunner Pri;
yers, a ,Brigade of.. Foot Guards, the 2d battalinri
the sith regiment, or. Prince of Wale 1141 14.°°,
roes, commanded by Major Gouott, the ist batty'
lion of the iiBth, or Counaught Rangers, command'
ed by Colonel Dorp, with strong reinforcemeut4
016 Scots Royals, gib, egth, 43d, both, and Most o‘,'
the:regiments it Spain.
the. Staff consists of Major General Stiißl3lloo4":
forMerly of the 33d regiment, Major Gene"
DYorr, Aid-de-Camp to the King, Major senora
FERGUSON, gad Highlanders, Major General h4'
SON, 44th regiment, the Hon. Brigadier Geaer3l
• CAMPBELL, Guards, Deputy Adjutant,General.por4
AYLMEIt, Guards, Deputy Quarter Master aene,l4l
Lieutenant Colonel 131311K8, Staff Corps, Aid
Camps, Captains KBATB, CRAIG, and PescuaLl'i
Deputy Pay-Master General Mr. Boyce, Physioal"
Dr. SOMERS, Staff Surgeons, Bat.r..and
Deputy .Parveyor, Mr..U'REILLY, Apothecary, Pr'
GRAHAM, and ten Hospital Mies.
General Sessaaarioxe, wts at present command,,f!
,is,montioned as.an naive and able officer: I,ilx
Aitrtioa WELLESLEY, he was brought up in 111''
tine old Corps the 33d, under Lord Cout.,TwALI,l6,;
he has served in Many quarters, and, like r
Arrant Wat.s.csi.ey commanded on a 1"'"i•
scale in. India ; he was lately Co' nuitander-10-01i.
in Sicily.

General DYnrr, the Second in'Cominantl,
loug on service with the 2rltit regiment ; he -ea
commanded a district in Sussex., where he was "*,,1
popular ; he left his command there, to ti c gre
vlgret of. the troops.. General FE)tc.auciu'‘,44l"e,g
as an Officer, are well known ; and General • 'Ft.%
SON is likewise mentioned as. an able Offic-"r:.tv,
General Cootraftta. is the brother of Lord CA.
,0
Dort, and IMO: seen a considerable deal of 6crvi‘
With the Guards.

It is reported that a very large, embarkation of Cly
valry is immediately to. take place, :Ind then shat l
he
regiments of infantry formerly mentioned bei
sent otF without delay. The whole of the 1:4-1°1
Guards to go. h ought ,to be recorde4. as 3 It,
highly. honourable to those two very fine corpot, 110
Prince of Wales's ttoyal Iferocs. aled Ito ttoimulght Rangers, now etubarked,. that ".`'1":0
they received the order for service, iltui when t.,1
women w ere ordered to remain tiehi:,d, that -in hot',
corps, with a generosity and a %%MIMI of (Odin!:
cbarittetistic of their country, not only the oliu:ci,;,
raised a subscriptionbut the non.coluinissioned officers and ,11"1",,,i
to their homes, in additionto
tbe.striall aid "1)s
Government affords these poor woinco in sia''im.
circumstances. the .women to carry th'ell

Letters from Cadiz of the t 6th tilt. slai.
ever since the surrender of Madrid, gr‘'atu',
Abgtristn Was manifested by ail deseriptro ." ).
Pie in the South Ira provinces. Every
tithled to be made iur g the Co' "f 4)1
bustbtate of defence, t10.141' hit
,Wterreltenstons Acre' entertained that life
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