The Sun.
London, England, 1849-06-21 00:00:00

THE PRINCIPALITY OF SATTARA.

Mr. SULLIVAN wished to refer to the manner in which
the ballot had been taken in reference to this matter on
the last occasion. It was usual that nine days should
elapse after the notice before the ballot was taken, but
in this case due notice was not given, and the ballot was
taken within four days.
The CHAIRMAN said that some of the most important
cases ever taken before that Court had been rater red to
the ballot upon much shorter notice than the time men-
tioned by the hon. member.
Mr. LEwIN gave notice that he should move at the
next Quarterly Court, that the Court of Directors do
place upon the table of the Court of Proprietors copies
of the papers laid before the authorities in this country
which led those authorities to confirm the proceedings of
the military authorities at Madras in reference to the
6th Regiment of Native Cavalry. Two privates were
shot, 13 banished, and 37 dismissed the service. besides
six of :their officers, without trial or even being con-
iroottd with their accusers. _

Sir-J. W. HOGG trusted the chairman would exercise
his own discretion with regard to this motion, and in-
form the Hon. Proprietor that he would not put the
subject-matter complained in the motion, or use any of
the phrases contained in it. The Hon. Proprietor might
have his own opinions if he would, but the Courts of
Proprietors and Directors would not, he hoped, allow
themselves to be made accomplices with him in being
made the vehicle of conveying information of such a
nature.
The CHAIRMAN said that this was no time for discuss-
ing the subject—what his Hon. Friend had said was
quite true, and he would not be the instrument of induc-
ing that Court to attempt to excite any inflammatory
feeling in the Indian army, and he hoped the Court
would support him in this view.
Mr. LEWIN consented to alter the terms of the notice,
which was afterwards given in an altered form.
Mr. GORDON gave notice that he should move that
there be laid before the Court a return of any press-
laws, customs, or regulations, which operated against
the importation or sale of the Holy Scriptures in India.
Also, that he should ask certain questions relative to the
state of their prisons in India, the prevalence of disease
amongst them, and the fact that some of the prisoners
were put to the torture.
The Chairman, Major Oliphant, and Mr. Fielding
concurred in making the same objection to this notice
that had been made to Mr. Lewin's ; it embodied a
statement of facts, instead of being a purely formal
notice.
Mr. GORDON consented to the omission of the objec-
tionable words, as his friend Mr. Lewin had done so.
Mr. GORDON gave notice that he should move for co-
pies of all the papers relative to the dismissal of Captain
Gordon in 1826. Also, that Proprietors be supplied
with copies of the bye-laws, and full means of informa-
tion of all the affairs of the Court of Proprietors—which
information, even to questions of account, they were now
only able to get from papers laid before both Houses of
Parliament.
Sir J. W. HoGG opposed the latter part of the motion
on the ground of-expense.
Mr. GORDON complained that a very old and imper-
fect copy of the by-laws had been given to him.
The CHAIRMAN would see that this was remedied.
THE STATE OF LAHORE.

Mr. SULLIVAN gave notice that he should move for
copies of all letters from the Government of India to
Sir David Ochterlony, and their answers, relative to the
claims of the Lahore State; and, also, copies of all cor-
respondence which had been received at Lahore from
the Government of India, and their answers, which led
to the articles of agreement concluded between the Brit-
ish Government and the Durbar of Lahore on the 16th
of December, 1846.
Wll9 Cr9llt then adjourned.

With reference to the early history of Hungary, we
can learn but little. The oldest known inhabitants of
the country were the Pannonian,. In the year 377 the
Huns established themselves in, and gave their mullet°,
the country. Their power was greatly increased under
the celebrated Attila, but was overthrown in 489 by the
Goths and Gepidte. These yielded in the sixth century
to the Lepida, who in their turn were overthrown by the
Avari. In the ninth century the Magyars, the present
dominant race, originally a people from Central Asia, pe-
netrated into the country, and in the course of ten years
entirely subdued it. Stephen, the great grandson of
Arpad, the conqueror of Hungary, exchanged his title
of Duke for that of King, A.D. 1000, and added Tran-
sylvania to his kingdom. The Magyars having been
gradually converted to Christianity, became,the most im-
portant bulwark of Europe against the then powerful and
encroaching Mussulman power; and in the year 1526
Ludovic, King of Hungary, fell at the head of
his countrymen, while contending manfully against
the Tut kish host at the disastrous battle
of Mohacs. Down to the year 1687 the
throne had been elective, though when any occupant left
a male descendant the latter had been invariably chosen,
but at that period the Hungarian Parliament or Diet
decreed that henceforth the throne should be hereditary
in the male heirs of the reigning house of Hapsburg,
and in 1723 it further extended the right of succession
to the female line, in accordance with the Pragmatic
Sanction of Charles V., in order that the union of the
two Crowns of Austria and Hungary might be continued
on the same head. A very similar case to this occurred
in the union of the Crowns of Great Britain and
Hanover in the persons of our own Sovereigns, while
it left both kingdoms de jure and de facto independent
of each other, and which, after being united from the
time of George I. to that of William IV., were separated
when her present Majesty succeeded to the throne, be-
cause the former was settled upon heirs male or female,
the latter on heirs male alone. During the war which
Frederick King of Prussia waged against Maria
Therese, Empress-Queen of Austria and Hungary,
she in her distress threw herself upon the support
of her brave Hungarian subjects, and the bloody war
that followed, in which they upheld their ancient re-
nown, proved that the celebrated expression with which
they saluted their Sovereign's demand for aid, " Mori-
amur pro Rego Nostro Maria Theresa," had not been
uttered in vain. And it is well worthy of remark, that
this same celebrated Sovereign, at her coronation in
1740, after readily taking the old oath to the Constitu-
tion, established in 1222, added, " If I or any of my suc-
cessors at any time should attempt to infringe your pri-
vileges, you and your posterity are permitted, by virtue
I of this promise, to defend yourselves, without being
'liable to be treated as. rebels." This may in a measure
explain the cause •of the present war, as it more than
justifies the part whiCh the Hungarians are now taking
against the Austrian empire. Nobly also did January
support Austria in her frequent contests .with Repub-
lican and Imperial France, and cheerfully did she shed
the blood of the best and bravest of her sons in defence
of her Sovereign against the most formidable foe that
Eurcpe had ever witnessed; and so strongly attached
were the Hungarians to Austria, that all Napoleon's
endeavours to detach the former from the latter
during the disastrous campaign of 1809 were
unavailing, and their devotion to their Sovereign's per-
son was never more conspicuous than when he had lost
the power to reward it. It is a melancholy thought to
reflect on the ingratitude of kings, but never was it more
fully exemplified than in the conduct of the Emperor of
Austria towards Hungary; for, though during the terrible
struggle from 1792 to 1814, the Parliament was fre-
quently summoned, and the most complimentary mes-
sages were sent to it by the Emperor, his conduct even
then wrung from one of the members this bitter speech,
which faithfully reflected the sentiments of the nation;—
" It is plain that the King calls us together only when
haa of
thlnel innht
gsa
voeftHungary soldiers
oun
mga
sun
rcdyh s
to
oep
npbel
be insulted
rsi
n;
tsfouo
lr
teh d he
allowbk
yn
tchhwei
majestytehn aetm aief
st
er
she had never failed to offer ber whole power and re-
sources for the defence of the empire, nor had she ever
edwwiithough her hopes had been frequently disappointed,
wants
sought in the defeat and misfortunes of Austria an op-
portunity h e
had to extortdeniedfromtn herher Sovereignprayers. t het
when the hour for repayment arrived those promises,
oEAnmlltiphaenercoefra,
wi twah
es of which Hungary had so freely lavished
her blood and her treasures in defence of Austria and the
rfeoiarnrsi
uslineahedmea,dde faufloalfacil yt
t:hetnerhreeegdlAnctschastiesestdtra.hi
naoneplenec,
anl
hs
oBoiflwnse
tt e Holy
which
forwh
houreßno it many
of s t doao danger e r had passed, boldly resolved Hungaryttothgaotv e rthen
that kingdom without the aid of its Parliament. In vain
did the country unanimously petition the Emperor to
summon the Diet, which he was bound by the laws he
had sworn to observe to call every three years. At
length, after ten years of undignified resistance on the
part of the Sovereign, he gave way, and in 1825 the
Diet was again summoned. An extract from the ad-
dress which the Diet presented to the Emperor, some-
thing like the celebrated remonstrance of our Long Par-
liament, will give us some idea of their grievances:—
We entreat your Majesty henceforth not to listen to
evil counsels; to despise anonymous denunciations; not.
to exact any impost or any levy of soldiers without the
concurrence of the Diet; to troeariesitnedstattohe
Royalthec itizens
graced for having legally
Commis-
sioners; and regularly to convoke the states with whom
you share the sovereign power. To these justand mode-
rate demands the Emperor wisely Consented, and things

the Emperor, when the newly-reformed Parliament was
about to meet. The Hungarian Ministry, therefore,
naturally entreated the Emperor to open it in person, in
order by his presence to prove the falsehood of the Ban's
assertions. This was declined. The new Parliament
met for the first time at Pesth, in June, 1848, returned
by the new suffrage, when, greatly to the credit of the
people, it was discovered that nearly all the old Members
of the Diet, formerly elected by the nobles, who had
succeeded in carrying these beneficial reforms, had been
again returned, so quietly had the people exercised their
newly-acquired privileges. The Archduke Palatine, in
his opening speech to the Diet, alluded to the revolt in
Croatia, and to the fa/se reports that it was encouraged
by the Emperor, assuring them that his Majesty was
resolved to protect the unity and the inviolability of the
royal Crown of Hungary against all attacks—spoke of
the audacity of those who dared to pretend that
illegal acts were in accordance with the wishes
of the Sovereign—and finally gave the sanction
of the Emperor to the incorporation of Transyl-
vania with Hungary, as the union of the two
countries would give a firm support to the throne and
to constitutional freedom. The Diet, upon these grati-
fying assurances, immediately sent a deputation to the
Emperor, to entreat him to repair to the capital, in order
that his presence there might disabuse the minds of the
revolted Croats. This was again refused. The revolt
continued to gain ground, when at length the long-con-
tinued and disgraceful deception of the Austrian Cabi-
net was made manifest by a message which the Hun-
garian Ministry received from them, stating that it
was resolved to put an end to the neutrality hitherto
observed, and to support openly the rebellion of the
Croats. The Hungarians were now convinced that
their constitution must be defended by force of arms
against the Jesuitical Austrian Cabinet. A body of 200,000
men was decreed, and an issue of bank notes to cover
all deficiencies. Another deputation was sent to the
Emperor, to ask his assent to the law already passed—
to the recal of the Hungarian troops serving in Italy,
and to entreat him to come to Pesth to restore order.
An evasive answer was all that the deputation obtained.
Shortly after their return to Pesth, a communication
was sent from the Austrian Cabinet to the Hungarian
Ministry, requesting the presence of some of their mem-
bers to concert measures for insuring the consolidation of
the Government, and to open negotiations with the
Croats for the reconciliation of their differences, de-
claring at the same time that the Ban Jellachich, who
only three mouths previously had been denounced by the
Austrian Government as a traitor, should take a part in
the conference, and that all preparations for war should
cease on both sides. At the same time it was declared
by the Austrian Cabinet that the concessions, by whiCh
Hungary was to enjoy the benefit of a responsible Mi-
nistry and a reformed Parliament,.were detrimental to
the interests of Austria, and were therefore declared to
be illegal and of no effect; that although they had re-
ceived the Emperor's assent in the month of April, and
had been again formally recognised at the opening of the
Diet in June, the reactionary Ministry ann3unced that
they were no longer to be considered binding, in
order that a central power for the government of the
Austrian empire—consisting, as we have already seen, of
five distinct races—might be established at Vienna.
Never in the whole history of nations have we ever met
with a more discreditable breach of public faith—dis-
graceful alike to the Emperor and his Cabinet, who,
hurried away by their anxiety to accomplish their ob-
ject, at the risk of honour and truth, were too blind to
perceive the indelible stain they were affixing to the cha-
racter of the empire, and the indignation they were
bringing down on their heads from an exasperated and
deluded nation of new-born freemen.
The degraded Austrian Cabinet did not pause in their
headlong course of folly. The decree suspending the
Ban Jellachich from all his dignities was recalled, and
he was ordered to invade Hungary with an army of
Croats and Austrians. His course was at first, in con-
sequence of the Hungarians being totally unprepared,
unopposed, and he marched a considerable way into the
interior of the kingdom without firing a shot, and, like
a reckless traitor to his country, allowed his troops to
plunder the people and devastate the country wherever
they went. The Archduke the Palatine took the com-
mand of the Hungarian forces to oppose him,l
and, after an ineffectual attempt at reconci ioaff
of -
tion, from some inexplicable cause heset
for Vienna, and forwarded his resignation ePala-
tineship to the Hungarian Parliament.
.Shortly after-
wards the Hungarian Ministry resigned, with the excep-
tion of MazAros, _Kossuth, and Szemere, the ablest and
most patriotic of their number, who 7spectivel retained
their offices as Minister of War, Finance, and the In-
terior, in the shape of a Provisional Government, until
the helm of the State was assumed by Count Louis
Bathyani, 'one of thej oldest of the Hungarian nobility,
with the consent and sanction of the Hungarian Parlia
ment, and a committee for the defence of the country
was immediately formed to assist Min. This Ministry
the Austrian Cabinet at first neither acknowledged nor
rejected, but towards the end of September General
Lemberg, an Austrian general, was appointed by the Em-
peror to the'command of all the troops, both Austrianand Hungarian, in the kingdom, and ordered posi-
tively to close the Diet. An Act of Parliament was
immediatelypassed declaring General Lemberg a traitor,
and refasing.t9__acknowledge biw. General Lemberg

last winter, in performing such wonders in calling an
army into existence, IS hieh has already excited the admi-
ration of Europe,in restoring the finances and conducting
the administration of the whole kingdom under the se-
vere pressure of external end internal war. A great
portion of the country fell into the hands of Win-
dischgratz and Jcllachich, the Hungarians retiring be-
fore them as they advanced, who put the whole of
what they possessed under martial law. This was
during last winter, but, although it was continually
reported that Hungary was at the feet of
Windischgratz, that Kossuth was a fugitive
trying to escape in disguise from the country,
that the Parliament had fallen to pieces, it appeared
that the Austrians did not find the conquest of Hungary
quite so easy a matter. It was pretended that the seve-
rity of the winter prevented the Commander•in-Chiet
from doing more. This excuse only lasted for a time,
and as the spring advanced the tide began to turn with a
vengeance against the Austrians. A magnificent army
had been gradually forming during the winter by the
untiring exertions of Kossuth and his Ministers, under
the guidance cf skilful leaders, which, by a succession of
brilliant and rapid feats, regained the whole of the coun-
try, allowing the Austrians to retain possession of only
one single town—the old capital of Presburg—aalbity
containing between 30,000 and 40,000 inhabitants. The
last great victory on the part of the Hungarians was the
taking of Buda, a large city lying opposite to Pesth, the
present capital. It was a most brilliant feat of arms, and
we do not recollect anything which approaches nearer to
the celebrated saying of Caesar, " Veni vidi, vici," than
the dispatch of the General, announcing the fall of
Buda. Three words were sufficient, " Hurrah ! Buda-
Georgey 1" It was worthy of Rome in her best days,
and the letter of acknowledgment of the good news wa,
in a similar spirit.—" The thanks of Hungary to Field-
marshal Georgey." Windischgratz was recalled from
the command-in chief of the Austrian forces. It was
transferred to BaronWelden, but he having been equally
unfortunate, gave up the command to Marshal Haytieau,
who, if report speaks true, has signalised his accession to
office by ordering a rich and beautiful Hungarian lady.
Madame Von Udvarnolry, of Pesth, to be brutally
flogged for having held communication with her brave
countrymen, who were fighting in defence of their li-
berties and constitutional rights.
It appears by a report of Mazaros, the late
Hungarian Minister of War, that a numerous and
magnificent army has been raised, whose victo-
ries we have not time nor space to record, con-
sisting of 396,000 infantry, 64,000 cavalry, 40,000
artillery, and 50,000 fresh levies, making altoge-
ther a total of 550,000 men of all arms. It is divided
into eleven corps Warmed, the most illustrious of the
captains of which are Bern and Dembinski, Poles by
birth, and Georgey, whom we have before mentioned,
and we are glad to observe among the number Genera'
Guyon, an Irishman. It is a common mistake, however,
to think there are many Poles fighting in their ranks.
We do not believe in the magnificent host before enu-
merated there are above 5,000. And if the Hungarian
army be not overstated, though the Emperor of Russia
with his hordes of Cossacks has come to the aid of the
deceitful, degraded, and defeated Austrian Cabinet, we
do not despair. We hope both England and France will
boldly forbid their iniquitous interference on the part of
the Russian tyrant to prevent that which he must so
abhor, viz., the spread of constitutional freedom; and we
firmly believe and trust, while expressing our sincere
admiration and sympathy for the brave Hungarians, that
the rule of Austria over Hungary, so disgraceful to her-
self, has departed for ever.

LIVE A arrived at this
yesterdayßpotroLH,
eTEvuenEißsnD:y\: RIVER PLATE.
LpAh.TeE.
port with advicesap fromlr Buenos Ayres
to the 15th of April. They state that the French
steamer Chimare had taken her departure from Buenos
Ayres, on the 9th, having on board as passenger Don
Antonio Reyes, Charge d'Affaires in that city, with im-
portant dispatches for President Oribe, touching the late
diplomatic transactions. The French Admiral, it is
said, would remain in Buenos Ayres during the steamer's
absence.
There is no particular change to notice in commercial
affairs since the previous accounts. Exchange in cur-
rency stood at lid. per dollar. The highest price of
doubloons for the week ending the 15th was 322; the
lowest 310. The highest rate of exchange on England
during the SlO2O period, 68s. 61 per ounce; the lowest,
68s. Freights were rather dull. The quotations were—
To Great Britain, 41. per 2,2401 h. for dry hides, and 425.
6d. fur salted ditto; tallow, in boxes, 42s 6(1.; bales 275.
6d. to 355. per 40 feet. To France—hides, 80f. per
900 k. To the Continent—hides, 4/. per 2,24U1b.

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Poetry is the natural language of all worship. The
Bible is full of poetry; Homer is full of religion.—Eliza
Cook's Journal.

The merchant-brig Queen Dowager, from Cape Coast
Castle, bound up Channel, was yesterday supplied with
fresh provisions off the port.
The Ranger, 8, Commander Thomas Miller, will be
ready for the coast of Africa by the 3d proximo. The
penant was only hoisted on the 14th, and no men were
entered till the 16th, but she has her tops and lower rig-
ging over, and topsailyards in, and all ready to receive
her guns; i❑ fact, no craft with her complement, being
still 10 short, could fit out more expeditiously. She is
to be armed with six 32-pounder carronades of 17 cwt.
each, and two 25 cwt. 32-pounders, 6 feet 6 inches long.
Wind—south-westerly, light breeze and fine v eather.
JUNE 19.—Fier Majesty's frigate Castor, 36, conti-
nues in the Sound. She will be paid wages here prior
to sailing for the Cape. On Sunday evening, shortly
after her arrival, Samuel Collop, seaman, unfortunately
tell from the jaws of the gaff upon the ship's deck, and
expired in a few minutes from the frighttul injuries ho
received.
Iler Majesty's frigate Spartan, 26, will be paid off on
Friday, the 22d instant.
The frigate Niobe, 28, building in No. 1 slip, will be
launched about the middle of July.
The merchant ship Queen, of London, Captain Mac-
leod, with a general cargo from the East Indies, passed
up channel this morning, and landed here Captain Mac-
lrod, Mrs. Mscrea, Mrs. MacCullum and two children,
Miss Vass, Miss Thompson, and Messrs. Reed and
Taylor, of the Bengal Civil Service. Her dates ere
Calcutta, February 25, and Cape of Good Hope, April
25. At Simon's Bay there was the flag-ship Southamp-
ton, 50, Captain Nicholas Cory ; and from Gibraltar,
he Orestes sloop, 14, Captain Henry S. Hawker. Early
in April the Queen lost Mr. Thomas Mitchell, midship-
man, through sickness. Within the last fourteen days
she has spoken the following homeward bound East In-
diamen, viz., the Prince of Wales, Vernon, Marlborough,
Gloriana, Earl of Hardwick, Trafalgar, and Colling-
wood.

W ind—westerly.
Woonwicir, JUNE 20.—The Lords of the Admiralty
arrived at Woolwich dockyard today at two P.M., and
immediately proceeded to the East Dock, to inspect the
Grappler iron ate ssel, Commander I ysaglit, that
vessel having been taken ii.to dock yesterday to have
the leak in her bottom examined, to ascertain the cause
of its taking place. Their Lordships were received at
the vessel by Commander Ly+tight, who was accompanied
by his father Rear-Admiral Lyseght, atd conducted to tL•
bottom of the vessel, where the plate that had been put
to stop the leak was detached, and showed the excel-
lenti
' the engine-room had been made available manner in which two pieces of the iron
platform
d have es er-
taken
vation of the vessel. The leak w
in was
sfoulne fo
to r the
iron within a few
place from a copper pipe
inserted
the centre of the ves-
sel, the copper having completely corroded the iron
r o
inches of the -eel, and near
position in which the leak took
place rendered it
in its vicinity. Thed
i difficult l
to reach it with the plate
of iron requisite to be placed on the outside ; but
the
difficulty was overcome by passing a lead-line
through the hole from the hold of the vessel, and
when the iron plate was attached, drawing it in again,
then
another
thepl inside,veatessel and rivetting both to.
gwith a bolt and screw
nut. The bottom of the vessel is very foul with bar-
etherpltaocing the sidean o
bar-
nacles and large live oysters, but the iron appears in
very good condition, and comparatively free irom cor
rosion, as Mr. Humphries satisfied their: Lordships by
having a portion of the foul substances scraped off. Their
Lordships then went on board the Grappler, and wit-
nessed her otherwise excellent condition, the whole of
the officers, engineers, and men being in good health,
although employed on the coast of Africa for nearly
three years. The Grappler took thirteen prizes and
about 2,200 slaves. She is to be paid off here to-morrow.
Their Lcriiships then visited the new chapel over the
sawmills, flitting for the accommodation 01 the authori-
ties and eorkmen of the dockyard, under the direction
of Mr. Bernays, clerk of the works, and calculated to ac-
commodate about 1,200 persons.
The Egyptian fript,. Shatkie,
Commodore Hafuz Bey,
leaves Blnckwall tc-mot row, for Greenhithe, to have her
compasses adjusted by Captain Johnson, and will then
leave for Alexandria.

MONEY MARKET.--The premium on
pfice of 3
gold ty.
:al r7is.
s
is 12i put. mille,which at the English Min,
1014. per Ounce for standard gold, gives an exchange of
25.46; and the exchange at Paris on. London at short
gijolldFilsri4s3.9i per mark, which,
(113.:mr4brurl
being 25.471, it follows that gold
. is 0.06
.per coat.
By advices from
standard gold, gives an exchange of 13.12 i; and the
gnhLthmedeptirictaha9af
at the English Mint price of 31. 17s. 1011. per ounce for
exchange at Hamburgh on London at short being
13.101, it follow; that gold is 0.62 per cent, dearer in
Hamburgh than in London,