The Sun.
London, England, 1849-08-29 00:00:00

GERMANY

AND

THE NORTHERN STATES.

AUSTRIA AND HUNGARY.
A supplement to the Wiener Zeitnng of the 23d,
gives the following account Gf the present position of
the various armies in Hungary :
" The pricipal camp of Haynau on the 18th still in
Temesvar; that of Jellachich at Uipecs. Arad is in
possession of the Ist army corps, commanded by Schlick,
which again was in connexion with Vilagos, and a strong
vanguard thrown forward to Lippa. Rudiger's army
corps, in combination with Paniutine's division, lay in
cantonments at Vilagos. The reservo corps, the cavalry
division Wallmoden, and Lichtenstein's 3d army corps,
were placed not only on the Transylvanian road, as far
as Facset, but also in greater force on the road
leading to Karauseber, for thither it was that the two
corps of Guyon and Vecsey had retired, offering terms
of negotiation and surrender. Up to the 20th, the 2d
army corps had advanced from Comorn over the hills cf
Acs, and to the right of Nagy-Igmaud over Kis-Ber and
Moor, had restored the communication with Stuhlmeis-
senburg, which place the Jablonowsky brigade had en•
tered without difficulty. Raab is held by the brigade
Teuchert, while the brigade Melzer marches on from
Janoshaza to Sumeg, scattering the detached bands that
show their faces here and there, and look to the Bakony
forest as their last asylum. The insurgents under
Klapka have all retreated to Comorn, where a truce was
agreed upon till they had received a confirmation of the
news of Georgey's defection."

PRU.SSIA.
The Independence of Brussels publishes the follow-
ing, dated Berlin, 24th instant :
• Count de Bulow, the Under Secretary of State, has
to-day communicated to the First Chamber the docu-
ments relative to the restricted federation which has
been announced for some days. These documents form
a large folio volume of nearly 80 pages. They contaita,
after an introduction, the circular of the 28th of May to
the Government of Germany, the dispatch of the 28th of
April to our Ambassador at the Central Government
relative to the position of Prussia as regards that Go-
vernment and the National Assembly, the protocols of
all the conferences of Berlin from the 17th to the 26th
of May, the final protocol of the 26th of May, the
project of the constitution, the electoral law, the
statute of offensive and defensive alliance, the
declaration of the Saxon Ambassador of the 26th of
May, that of the Envoy of Hanover, of the same date,
the circular relative to the arbitration tribu-
nal at Erfuth, and the memorial explanatory of the
constitution of the 28th of May; such are the contents
of the first volume. The second part of the collection
has a certain historical importance. It contains the ne-
gotiations of M. de Canitz at Vienna before the 26th of
May, the instructions given in that mission to our envoy,
the project of union submitted to Austria, the reply of
Prince Schwartzsnburg, and the communication to
Austria of the result of the conferences. The end of
the introduction, which takes the question from the
beginning, recounts what has taken place at Frankfort,
and justifies the policy of Prussia as far as concerns the
Parliament. It says—Baden, Electoral Hesse, Nassau,
Saxe- Weimar, Bernbourg, Brunswick, Saxe-Altenbourg,
and Mecklenbourg-Strelitz, have adhered and ratified
their adhesion. Grand Ducal Hesse, Mecklenbourg-
Schwerin, Saxe-Coborg-Gotha, Meinengen, Olden-
bourg, Schwarzbourg, Rudolstadt, Reuss, Hamburgh,
and Bremen have adhered, subject to ratifica-
tion. Dessau, Ccethen, Sonderhausen, Waldeck,
Lippe, Hesse Homboure, and Lubeck have mani-
fested their intention to adhere. Wurtemberg, Ho-
henzollern, Hechingen, Sigmaringen, Lippe Detmold,
Lichtenstein, and Frankfort have not yet declared.
Negotiations are pending with Bavaria. The relations
to be established with Holstein and Lunenbourg have
been reserved for the negotiations of the peace with
Denmark. The Governments who have manifested
their intention to adhere, and those who have not yet
declared on the subject, have been requested to make
known their definitive resolutions within the shortest
possible delay, in order that the council of administra-
tion of the alliance may be in a position to understand
its extent, and to take the necessary measures for the
convocation of the Diet.' What is more important,
perhaps, than the volume of which I now give you the
substance is the speech of Count de Below, when he
communicated the documents. The following are its
more salient points :--After detailing the circum-
stances which necessitated the conference at Berlin,
he said, The Federal States supposed two conditions—
a strong executive power, which would maintain order
at home and represent Germany abroad, and a national
Legislative Parliament. The first comprises the com-
mand of the army, rejects the directory, and only per-
mits the two great powers to be face to face in the
Federal State. One great power cannot abandon to
another its army and its representation abroad. Here
there is no compromise possible. Austria has its point
of support out of Germany, and she cannot be invested
with the highest dignity of the empire in a purely
German sense. Austria cannot make the German pro-
vinces participate in a Diet of the empire; her unitary
constitution of the 4th March is opposed to it. This is
a fact which we state without making any remark on it.
Prussia alone can take on herself the supremacy. The
question of our presidency is identical with that of the
constitution and with the existence of the Federal
State. That is why we have offered Austria an offen-
sive and defensive alliance. We have not wished to
r hreak asunder the old bonds which united us to that
power. We think: the Germanuestion, there
---" a Federal State and then an alliance with
Austria.' The orator, 111 quoting rue Lu.XL or Art. 11 of
the Act of the Confederation, and Art. 6, of the Final
Act, proved the legitimacy of the restricted federation,
and added, The presidency of the federation will com-
prehend all the executive power, while the College of
Princes will secure the participation to the legislative
power. Bavaria wishes to transfer the executive power
to the college, and make the presidency a simple instru-
ment. Prussia cannot consent to that proposition. We
cannot sacrifice the conquest of our forefathers for an
institution which will not favour German unity. In the
interest of our power we should reject any organization
which dces not grant to Prussia the rights conferred on
her by the project of May 26. The Federel State, if
established, must be so under the presidency of Prussia.
We must now put the question. Yes or no? The Go-
vernments have been invited to make known their defi-
nitive declaration. Then will take place, in as short a
time as possible, the convocation of the Diet of the em-
pire. It may happen, that by this means we shall not
attain the desired object. It is necessary above all
things to show that the Government and people wish
for a Federal State. If our allies now hesitate to follow
us to the end, we shall then have to again ask our-
selves if we ought to make still further sacrifices to an
unrealisable project. We shall have gone beyond our
duty, and we shall have the pain of being obliged
to abandon the solution of the problem to a better
future.' fhe Chamber listened to the speech in at.
tentive silence, only interrupted by marks of approba-
tion. The galleries were full, as was also the portion
taphs
reserved to the diplomatists. It was remarked that when
M. de Below left the tribune, M. Camphausen advanced
ditowardsscuss
iohn on imanthde
shookmoion h
o him f
M. heartily
cm n,
by
au thee hand.which Thehad
Chamber has fixed for Monday the continuance of the
been adjourned for the production of documents."
The Spanish General SERRANO has arrived at
Berlin.
The Countess NESSELEODE, wife of the Russian
Prime Minister, died at Salzburgh on the 20th, of
apoplexy.
On the 25th the " May prisoners " were released,
having undergone the three months' imprisonment
to which they had been sentenced. Among them
was Dr. WALDECK, brother of the celebrated Wee.-
, DECK. The prisoners were received at the gates of
the gaol by deputations, who handed them into car-
riages prepared for them, and escorted them to their
respective abodes amidst the shouts of the people. The
day was celebrated as a public holiday, and in the
' evening a crowd assembled, with the intention of
serenading Dr. WALDECK, but were dispersed by the
military.
The Second Chamber sat on the 25th, and M. DE
RADOWITZ laid before the Members copies of the
papers relating to the German question which had
on the previous day been presented to the first
Chamber by Count &mow. In the course of his
speech M. RADOWITZ made the following allusions to
Austria :--
"It is known to you." said the orator, " through the
note of the 23d of January (this celebrated note signed
by M. de Buluw, which created so great a sensation in
the German political world) that the King's Govern-
ment made every effort to come to an accord with the
National Assembly of Frankfort—but in vain. The
matter was reduced to a simple question of submission
(to Frankfort). Was it possible for the Government to
submit unconditionally? No, it could not. Had it done
so it would have sacrificed the established relations of
the country and a glorious history without the slightest
compensation. Look at what occurred at Dresden and
Stutgardt, where, instead of a German empire, German
anarchy broke loose. The Government could not possibly
think of its own interests alone, or act according to
what a as termed the dictates of a bold policy, and profit
by the embarrassment of others. This would have been
a most Machis.velic proceeding. Consequently Prussia
resolved only to act upon the bases of the free assent and
accord of other governments and national representa-
tions. It proceeded with justice and mature considera-
tion. Its task was most difficult. Whilst some demanded
that Prussia should merely act as the executor of the
Frankfort National Assembly, others required her to re-
turn to the old Confederation. The difficulties were in-
creased partly by the conduct of Austria towards Ger-
many, partly by the repugnance of certain midland states
to all oetroyment (of constitutions), and partly by the
objections raised by many honourable men in our own
country against the union of Prussia to Germany, lest
she should be enfeebled, in lieu of receiving strength
or support from this union. The Government did
not think it advisable to adopt the easiest course
and return to the old system. She held that to be un-
just and unwise. Such a step would bare been a
powerful succour to the subversive party. It would
have risked plunging our country in a deadly struggle—
fatal, perhaps, to the monarchy. Nothing remained,
therefore, for Prussia, but to propose an intimate union
to such states and to such national assemblies as chose
freely to unite with her. • • • I will spare you the
treaty of the Germanic Confederation. Thirty-three
years of its history are before us. The labours of
the Diet were limited to mere documentary produc-
tions. Not being able to succeed in mediating between
governments and their states (assemblies), they were,
of course, unequal to any positive exertions of their
own. Thus the Diet, at last, fell into general con-
tempt The complaints raised