The Sun.
London, England, 1822-07-25 00:00:00

TROTTING MATCHES.

Mr. FEARNSIIAWE'S roan gelding was started yesterday
morning to trot fifteen miles within an hour, on the Cranford
road. The ground selected was a circle of two miles, which
was done as follows :
MIN.

MIN.
First two miles. 7. - 48 Sixth two wiles 8
Second . 7 -44 Seienth - 8 -
Third - 7 - 47 Eighth (last mile) 4 .
Fourth 8 - 20 • - -
Fifth 8 - 27 lh. 0 26
The match was lost. by the iorse breaking twice in tie 10th
and 11th miles.
Mr. ANDREWS'S match to
in harness, over the same groan,
was won by a minute and ten s(

SEC.

SEC.
. 4
. 12

trot fourteen miles in one hour,
Id, for a like sum of 200 guineas,
ieconds.

MERCANTILE SHIPPING, &c.

DEAL, JULY 24.—Wind S.W.—Arrived last night,. and
sailed for the River, the Isabella Simpson, Miller, from Ja-
maica ; Atalanta, Wilson, ditto ; Eagle, Henly, Quebec.;
Cornwall, Robinson, ditto ; Echo, Johnson, Antigua; Feli-
city, Macdougall Teneriffe ; Hope, Wilson, ,Tobago ; Wil-
liam Bryan, Davis, Jamaica. Came down from the River ti e
Royal Sovereign, Wilson, for the South Seas ; Saucy. Jack,
Bell, ditto ; June, Richards, Rio Janeiro ; Venerable, Dixon,
Cape of Good Hope; Promise, Glasgow, Quebec ; Mary,, Rich-
ardson, Maracaybo ' • Mary, Bisset, Sierra Leone ; and remain
with the Thames Indiaman. A fleet of outward bound are de-
tained by adverse winds.
PORTSMOUTH, JuLy 24.—Wind S.W.—Arrived the He-
len, Levie, from Leghorn. Sailed his Majesty's ship Forth for
Leith. .

PLYMOUTI, JULY fn.—Wind S.W. and S.—Arrived the
Surrey, Oarbett, from Miramichi.'
FAL ato UT 11, JULY 23.—Wind S. W.S.—Arrived off the port
the Freedom, Blues, from Quebec in 29 days ; and Betsy,
Hunter, from St. John's, N.B.

The Brothers, Young, of Sunderland, was totally lost off'
Richebucto on the 10th ult.

Yesterday a Court of Directors was held at the East India
House, when the following Gentlemen were appointed Mem-
bers of Council at Bombay, viz. Francis Warden Esq. and
Henry Shank, Esq.

A vessel arrived yesterday from Rio Jan> ira,
bringing letters dated 24th of May, of which the
following is an extract :—" Yesterday the Mu-
nicipal Authority made another representation to
the Prince, with a view to the convening a Par-
liament here, to controul the Cortes ; a reply
was given, that this would be complied with as
soon as the other provinces express a similar
wish."

The following fact, recorded by STaABO, af-
fords a very strong and singular proof of the ignorance of the an-
cients witli.respect to the situation of the various parts of the earth.
When Alexander marched along the Banks of the Hydaspei,
and Acesine, two of the rivers which fall into the Indus, he
observed that there were many crocodiles in those rivers,
and that the country pioduced beans of the same species with
those which were common in Egypt. From these circum-
stances he concluded, that he had discovered the source of
the Nile, and prepared a fleet to sail down the llydaspes to
Egypt
The Caliph Soliman died of indigestion in his
camp near Chalcis, in Syria, as he was preparing to lead the re-
maining forces of the East to prosecute the second siege of Con-
stantinople. He had emptied two baskets of eggs and of figs
which he swallowed alternately, and the repast was con-
cluded with marrow and sugar. In one of his pilgrimage::
to Mecca, Soliman ate at a single meal seventy powegranatesl
a kid, six fowls, and a huge quantity of the grapes of Tayet.
If the bill of fare be correct, we must admire the appetite rathei
than the luxury of the Sovereign of Asia.

Nothing can afford a more striking contrast
than the variance of salaries paid to the first-rate performers cf
'former and of present times. Miss LAv xIA FENTON (after--
wards Duchess of BOLTON) was tempted by • Mr. Rim
from the Haymarket to Covent-garden, in the year 1728,
by a salary of fifteen shillings per week. On the success
of the Beggar's Opera, to secure . this valuable actress, he
raised it to thirty shillings! and such was the rage of the
town respecting her, that she was obliged to be guarded home
every, night by a considerable party of her confidential friends
to prevent her being run away with ! In 1805, the Yonne.
Roscius received in salary benefit to the amount offivehundrici
guineas per week; and the country managers were conspiring
how to run away with him from London, upon terms as pre-
posterously extravagant.
The Original of ". Bobadil."—The original of
Ben Jonson's Bobadil was an officer of high rank in the army of
the Duke of Alva, whom the haughty Philip 11. sent to sub-
due the Netherlands. After the battle of Gissen, near Mons,
in 1570, Strada informs us, in his Historia de Bello Belgico,
that, to fill Spain with the news, the Duke of Alva, as haughty
in ostentation as in action, sent Capt.. Bobadilla to the 'King, to
congratulate his Majesty upon the victory won by his arms and
influence. The ostentation of the message, and still more of
the person who bore it, was the origin of the name being ap-
plied to any vain-glorious boaster.
THE ORIGIN OF TALLIES,—A singular custom
still prevails at Ranber, near Basingstoke,-Hants. The. Court
Leet, holdEn annually for that manor, is opened sub die, :in a
small piece of ground called Lady Mead, which belongs to
the tithingman for a • year. Thence an adjournment is
made to a neighbouring public-house. The proceedings
of the Court are recorded on a piece of :rood . called a
Tally, about three feet long, and an inch and a half
square, furnished every year by the steward. One of these
singular records was some time since produced in evi-
dence in a law suit at Winchester. The mode of keeping ac-
, counts by Tallies, or cleft pieces of wood, in which the notches
are cut on one piece conformably to the other, one part being
kept py the creditor, the other by the debtor, is still practised
in many parts of England in particular cases. A Tally Con-
tinues to be given by the Exchequer to those who pay money
there upon loans ; hence the origin of the Teller, or Tally_
writer of the Exchequer, arid also of the phrase " to-tally," to
fit, to suit, or answer exactly.
" The sword," says MAtto:itET, " is the: key
of heaven and of hell : a drop of bloodshed in
the cause of God, a night spent in arms, is i'Jf
more avail than two monihs of fasting or prayer :
whosoever falls, in battle, his sins are forgiven :
at the day of judgment, his wounds shall be re-
splendent as vermillion and odoriferous as musk ;
and the loss of his limbs shall be supp,liol by
the wings of angels and cherubims.'.'.

THE LONDON JOUMALS.

,WfRACTS FROM Tur. DAILY ,MORNING PAPERS,
Jiztli 25, 1822.

CHEW TIMES.]
:Utters and 'Papers from Rio Janeiro to the
sth May, and from PernambuCO to the sth June,
were received in town yesterday morning. Every
thing in the Brazils continues in the most per-
fect tranquillity, and the Prince Regent has,
since his return, been assiduously devoting him-
self—to the permanent establishment of a well
selected Representative Governr;ent, and has at
knell, it is said, determined on introducing a
la* Tor the eleCtion of the Deputies in a similar
manner to that at present adopted in Portugal.—
la :confirmation of this determination, it ap-
pear* that the Prince Regent has dispatched
a. .message to the, Cortes of Portugal, inform-
ing them, that having, during his recent tour into
the interior of the country, made himself ac-
qtfainted with the general feeling throughout the
Brazils, he had resolved on immediately convok-
ing the Deputies in the manner described. What
effect- this determination may have in Lisbon, it
is difficult to say ; but immediately on its trans-
piring at Pernambuco, that province, as appears
by the accounts above referred to, instantly de-
clared itself in faVour of the plan, and corn-
menced preparations for carrying the views of the
Prince Regent into effect. it was_not doubted
fo-r.a moment that every other province in
,the
-Brazils would follow the example of Pernambuco.

[THE rues.]
,A :Petition was last night presented to the
House of Commons by Mr. Spring Rice, from
sense humane inhabitants of Middlesex and
sarrey, entreating the lionse to take into further
consideration the condition of their distressed
fellow-subjects in Ireland. The good cause of
charity thrives, apace; and we do venture to
hope, that in a fortnight more the worst of the
evil will have- been encountered. Never was
there displayed a continued effort of humanity
more indefatigable or more delightful. The volun-
tary-subscriptions for the Irish by the people of
England have now exceeded two hundred thou-
sand pounds. This, too, at a season of no in-
considerable suffering at home, and on behalf of
those who will never possess any means of re-
payment but by their prayers and their blessings.
There are still some amongst us, we lament to
say,
,who stand out perversely against the indul-
gen& of that feeling ,which has so animated and
so honoured the great mass of their countrymen.

[BRITISH PRESS.]
Letters from Washington of tir. date of the
25th ult. mention, that fresh despatches had been
received from Russia, stating that the Emperor
entertained the most friendly disposition towards,
all Powers, but particularly to the United States ;'
but his Imperial Majesty, it appeared, had not
consented to withdraw the Edict respecting the
Ruisian posSessions on the western coast of North
America. Matters, therefore, remained in precisely
the same situation as by the preceding accounts,
aid it was conjectured that the Emperor had de-
layed giving any specific answer to the remon-
strances of the American Goirernment until he had
atteertained what was the real feeling of theßritish
Cabinet with regard to his pretensions. As, how-
ever, it 1-as been declared from authority that
oar Government hai protested in strong terms
against the pretended right of his Imperial Ma-
jesty, it is more than probable that he will deem
it not only advisable, but absolutely necessary-,
td Concede the point at issue.

The attendance in the House of Commons las)
was very thin, the business not interesting
agd every thing wears the appearance of the ap.
proaching close of the Session.—(Mid.)

- [friORNING CHRONICLE.]
As the most erroneous notions with respect to
Turkey in Europe are day after day repeated by
Ministers, and the Journals in their interest, we
Shall lay before our Readers a few considerations,
folinded on the actual state of that country.—
..4o in the first'place with respect to Govern-
rnent.—There-is really nothing in Turkey which
deServes that name. It has neither Laws nor
Constitution. VlThat is called Government is
properly a number of assemblages of Banditti,
spread over the country, but more numerous at Con-
stantinople than elsewhere. The power of the Sul-
tan in Constantinople amounts really to nothing.
The Pachas and Governorsappointed by the Porte
areoriginally Ttirkish Slaves, who have no country,
Eind know none, who never consider the -place'
over which their authority extends as their home,
who have no object but to accumulate moneyand
increase their power, to prevent themselves from
being stript'of every t'ing. They are in a con-
stant state Of rebellion to the Porte, and the.
Porte on its part is as constantly employed in
attempts to crush them either by assassination or
by arms: They know no other policy than . ra-
pine,- than devastating the place they inhabit,
lind spoiling those who are under them. The
Greeks do not acknowledge the Sultan for their
ACing, nor have they ever taken any oath to him.
'Neither Turk nor Christian in the Ottoman
States in Europe has the least security for life or
-property. We are completely warranted in re-
ireatitig after M. Chateaubriand, that the Turks
are merely encamped in Europe, and in classing
them in some measure along with the vagabond
tribes, or people without fixed homes, who-are
to be found in Turkey, as Jews and Gypsies, for
instance.

[MORNING HERALD.]
The Paris Journals of Monday, which arrived-
last night by express, add little to the. informa-
tion previously received relative to'Spain. The,
'Auke del Infantado has been exiled to Badajos,
apd*,the Marquis de Las-Amarillas, formerly
Minister of War, an Inspect-1. General, and a
Privy Councillor, has been deprived of his func-
lions, and sent to Granada. It is understood
that several oilier persons about the Court will
be soon treated in a similar manner. The- re

maim of the Royal guards have been ordered
beyond a hundred leagues from the capital,
divided into four detachrrients ; but their officers
are retained at Madrid. It is stated, as a matter
of report, that the counter-revolutionary party
made an offer of five millions to General Morillo,
on the 7th, if he would place himself at the head
of the Guards. Morillo replied, " Five millions
is a large sum, but the oath of a Spaniard is
worth much more." A private letter in the
Journal des Debuts asserts that a representation
was made, on the 3d, to the Permanent Deputa-
tion of the Cortes, by 40 Members of the " left
side," urging them to insist that the King should
quit his Palace, and that if he would not, that
they should declare him in a state of captivity,
and• nominate a Regency. The same Deputies
made a second representation on the 10th, sug-
gesting several measures for taking advantage of
the victory which the. Constitutionalists had
gained, and again recommending the appointment
of a Provisional Regency. The King did not
leave his Palace on the 11th, as was announced ;
the indisposition of the Queen is assigned as the
cause. The greatest tranquillity prevailed at
Madrid. The Minister of the Low Countries
at Madrid quitted that capital after the events
of the 7th.

[MORNING POST.]

A subject occupied the Committee last even-
:ng in the House of Commons, to which we
more particularly call the public attention, be-
cause it is one of those striking illustrations of
that exaltation of a cultivated mind and refined
taste, solicitously engaged in raising the national
character by the promotion of literature and the
arts, which his present Majesty has unceasingly
evinced since he first exercised the authority
of a Sovereign. We allude to an Address
moved last night by the Chancellor of the Ex-
chequer, requesting his Majesty to give such
directions as might be necessary for hav-
ing a correct edition of the Ancient historians
of this Realm drawn up and printed. The Right
Hon. Gentleman, in most distinct terms, speci-
fied the many reasons which make it necessary
and beneficial that a great work of this sort
should be undertaken by the Government, and
not left to the chance of individual speculation.
In rising to second the motion, Sir J. Mackintosh
depicted in glowing terms the political as well as li-
terary advantages of the measure. He also sketched
the faint outline of a comparison between the past
conduct of Britain,with regard to this subject, and
that of other States—in which we blush to con-
fess the disadvantage was greatly on our side. Sir
James Mackintosh well observed,'that consider-
ing our rank and renown among the nations of
the world, we have shown an indifference to the
promotion of public works of magnificence and
ornament which it would be a mistake not to sup-
pose detrimental to the interests of the country.
The justness of this remark, we are sure, will be
generally admitted. In later times, it is only
within the last ten years, that, under the especial
patronage of his present Majesty, even a com-
mencement has been made to do the Empire justice
in this respect. We need only refer to the splendid
improvements now making in the neighbourhood
of Cockspur-street, and the truly magnificent
range of buildings almost completed between
Carlton Palace and the Regent's Park—to the
Retoration of Henry Vllth Chapel, and the
front of Westminster Hall—to the erection of
Waterloo Bridge, and of those exquisite, though
stupendous specimens of Art, the new Temples
of Religion raising in different parts of the Me-
tropolis—to prove the assertion which we have
advanced. The printing of the National Ite-
cords is another instance to the same effect,
and the one last night, a still prouder one for
the age we live in. It is unnecessary to say that
the motion was enthusiastically agreed to.—ln a
Committee on the Superannuation Act Amend-
ment Bill, the Chancellor of the Exchequer,
yielding to the representations of Mr. Calcraft,
consented to exempt salaries of fifty pounds per
annum, which were to have paid two and a half,
per cent. from the operation of the Bill alto-
gether. Salaries from 1001. to 2001. are to pay
two and a half per cent., and others are to con-
tribute five per cent. to the fund.

-As undutifitl SON.—In the Court for the relief
of Insolvent Debtors, the will of a Mr.
was read, containing the following remarkable
passage :—" I leave to my undutiful son,
One Hundred 'f!lousand Pounds

A terrible conflagration took place at Balti-
more on the 23d ult., which destroyed numerous
stores and dwelling houses. The whole loss iS
estimated at 40,000 dollars. Several persons
perished.

_
On Friday last, the boiler of a steam engine,
belonging to Messrs. 3. and G. Hollings, brass-
founders, Tipping-street, Manchester, blew up.
The boiler - itself, which weighs several tons,
was thrown into the air. Several. adjoining
buildings were seriously damaged, and a wall,
about ten yards from the boiler, was thrown
down. Serious injury was also done to the
windows, doors, roofs, and. furniture of the
neighbouring houses. Amidst such a destruction
of property, it is a consolation to find., that there
were no lives lost ; but a little girl had her leg
broken by a brick; a man had his arm bruised
' by a similar cause ; and one of the workmen was
severely bruised in one of his legs. The Engi-
neer had just left the engine house when the ex-
plosion took place.—( Leeds Intelligencer.)
Thursday morning last, two men, one named
William Reynolds, the other John Nash, were
brought before the Magistrates at Ramsgate ;
the former charged with an indecent exposure of
his person on the preceding evening, by having
jumped naked from the east. pier head,,when se-
veral ladies and others were walking near ; and
the latter with encouraging • him in so doing.—
Reynolds was convicted of the offence, and sen-
tenced• to one month's hard labour in the. House
of Correction,- and sent to. Sandwich gaol imme-
diately. ' Nash Was recommitted to the care of
the constable, till another eXannination had taken
place.

FOR: THE'StIN.

ENTHUSIASM.
" Non est joeus.esse malignum."—HoH.
MR. EDITOR,-At an interval of leisure, per-
haps, you will insert the following observations
on Enthusiasm in the columns of your paper.—
Lately I have observed, in many instances, in the
communications of your Correspondents, that
asperity has been mistaken for humour, assertion
put forward as evidence of fact, and invective
for argument. The effect of such folly is evi-
dently so unsatisfactory, that I think it unneces-
sary to add a remark upon it. Therefore, I shall
immediately subjoin the observations I intend to
make upon enthusiasm, in the sense it is gene-
rally accepted, with respect to religion, and espe-
cially concerning the Methodists. The ignor-
ance of some people, the obstinacy and weakness
of many, and the perversions made by others,
have at various periods brought upon this Chris-
tian country much disgrace and obloquy, by ex-
posing its religious ceremonies and doctrines to
unmerited scandal and traduction. On these oc-
casions, infidelity has not been remiss in its ex-
ertions to turn the existence of these miseries
into an opportunity for the dissemination of its
destructive principles, and like the lawyer in the
fable, endeavoured to establish its own interest
upon the disputes of the two clients, and pervert
their quarrels to the advantage of " his law."
That there have been enthusiasts, now called
visionary fanatics, strutting their hour from time to
time among us,is not to be denied. Bilt enthusiasm
has not been charged against such people only
who were demonstratively enthusiasts ; for the
followers of Wesley and Whitfield have been
incessantly pursued and assailed with the imputa-
tion : and thus not by parsimonious hands. It is
against the Methodists alone, the accusation is
brought : and the advocates of a Hume or a Gib-
bon appear to excite little or no interest or at-
tention among the opponents of Methodism : al-
though I apprehend it requires far more enthu-
siasm to become an Atheist, than a Methodist.
Unitarians, Anabaptists, Arians, Arttinomians,
Sze. and the Roman Catholics seem to be ex.
eluded from the intended censure, for it is sel-
dom any of these are assailed with the charge of
enthusiasm, or are regularly denominated enthu-
siasts ; yet, I suppose it must require something
of the kind to adopt the doctrine of transub-
stantiation, or the efficacy of prayers to the
Virgin Mary. Innumerable are the pamphlets
which have been written and industriously cir-
culated against the Methodists, by envious and
illiberal men ; not that I mean to assert all men
have been such, who have opposed them ; on the
contrary : yet, the majority of those who unhesi-
tatingly, without distinction, have charged the Me-
thodists with bigotry, have been such ; yet this
is no matter of wonder, when we reflect how the
column of writers on this subject is composed.
In it have been greedily enlisted, and are at all
times to be found foremost, libertines and infi-
dels. The body may consist of different writers
from these, but of such is the rear formed, and
by such is the main attack seconded and sup-
ported. The intermediate body of these writers
may assert their disapprobation of the conduct of
the elect, but it is just like the conduct of the
Holy Alliancers who are confederated with the
Turks, against the Christians. The Holy Al-
liancers call the deeds of the Turks murders,
and abominable ; but nevertheless remain at
home and take credit to themselves for humane
policy, whilst calmly contemplating the field of
battle, smoking with the blood and gore of their
fellow Christians, without one attempt to check
the massacres committed by the infidel host ; a
host, who when they do not murder, ravish the
victims of their successful wars, and in the eyes
of the mottle- slaughter her children without any
mercy, and, scattered through the streets, leave
the massacred bodies of parents, relatives, and
friends. Perhaps I have digressed a little, but
the comparison for awhile suited my purpose,
and then I felt inclined to put an additional ob-
servation upon it. But to return to my sub-
ject. It is not my intention to include
amongst these writers even such a writer as
Nightingale. lie had seen improprieties
amongst the followers of Wesley, and he
felt the ignominy which one day they would
bring upon the Institution, and therefore he
beneficially exposed them ; but, of every uncha-
ritable, dishonest, and interested motive he
stands acquitted, or ought to do so, deservedly.
Dr. Butler, who is now put forward and hailed,
like Southey, but in a more especial and merited
manner, with rapture by the Established Church,
has said, institutions are not to be judged by
their perversions, bit their natural tendencies :
it was, doubtlessly, in this light Nightingale
viewed the condutt of some of the Methodists ;
his writings were not directed against the So-
ciety, hut against the innovations upon, and per-
versions of, the original Institution. But it is
not thus with the Correspondent on this subject
lately in your Paper:, he eagerly desires these
Evangelicals, whether tight or wrong, to be
allowed the enjoyment of " their doctrines to
their hearts' content in their own conventicles :"
if it is thus he ,writes, of what value, may I ask,
does he consider the future welfare of these peo-
ple ? If it is thus, with so much revelry and
satisfaction to himself, he can resign these infatu-
ated people to their heresies, it is evident he
mistakes wherein the general scheme and spirit
of Christianity consists. I should like to know
the opinion of such a one regarding the Chris-
tians, to whom a traveller thus alludes :—" Being
informed there were several Christian inhabi-
tants in this place, we went to visit their Church,
which we found so poor and pitiful a structure,
that here Christianity seemed to be brought.into
its humblest state, and Christ to be laid again
in a manger. It was only a room of about four
or five yards square, walled with dirt, having
nothing but the uneven ground for its pavement
and for its ceiling only some rude traves laid
athwart it, and covered with bushes to keep out
the weather. On the east side was, an altar,
built of the same materials with the wall; only
it was paved at top with pot-sherds and slates,
to give it the face of a table. In the mid-
dle of": the altar stood a small, cross, composed
of two laths, nailed together itr the middle ;

On each side. of which ensign were fastened
to the wall two or three old prints, representing
our blessed Lord and the blessed Virgin,
kc., the venerable presents of some itinerant
friars that had passed this way. On the south
side was a piece of plank, supported by a post,
which we understood was the reading-desk, just
by which was a little hole commodiously broke
through the wall to give light to the reader."
There must have been some powerful feelings
amongst these few ChriStiansl Hying surrounded
by infidel neighbours, who could thus withstand
adversity, without ever being infected with Pa-
ganism. There must have been a strong spirit
amongst them, thus to foster and maintain their
persecuted faith. It seems neither the sword
nor gold, example or persuasion, had ever ex-
tinguished the holy Faith they had embraced.—
" A very mean habitation was this for the GOD of
of Heaven, but yet field in great esteem and re-
verence by the poor people, who not only come
with all devotion hither themselves, but also de-
posit here whatever is most valuable to them, in
order to derive upon it a blessing :"—Are these
enthusiasts and hypocrites ?
Dr. Johnson defines an enthusiast to be one
CC who vainly imagines a private revelation—one
who has a vain confidence of intercourse with
God :" and it is in this sense applied to the
Methodists. He then quotes Locke,—" Let an
enthusiast be principled that he or his teacher is
inspired and actuated by an immediate communica-
tion of the Divine Spirit, and you in vain bring
the evidence of clear reason against his doc.
trine :" Influence he defines " power of celestial
aspects operating upon terrestrial bodies and af-
fairs :" Spirit he defines "an immaterial sub-
stance—an intellectual being. He then quotes
Locke again,—" Spirit is a substance wherein
thinking, knowing, doubting, and a power of
moving, do subsist." I find no definition of a
Divine Spirit mentioned above by Locke : Now
it is very clear a question arises on these defini-
tions :—Are they, or are they not, intended to
exclude the existence or belief of the opera-
tion of Divine influences, that is to say, the
Holy Spirit ? As to an individual having
any extraordinary revelation of the will of GOD,
the falsity and absurdity of the supposition is ap-
parent, or the Scripture was left incomplete for its
intended purposes ; but it is not left so ; as to an
intercourse with GOD, it can only mean what was
first defined. But I apprehend enthusiasm, as
applied to religion, is a term frequently used in
a vague, inconsiderate manner. Enthusiasm, par-
takes, if it is not altogether such in this respect,
of the nature of delirium or lunacy, when the
victim of it mistakes the ideal offspring of ima-
gination for reality, that is, as if it were a some-
thing corporeally i❑ existence ; he ceases to dis-
tinguish between the object offered by the mind
and the effect of it on the mind.

That which is presented in a dream is quite
different from that which the inventive faculty of
imagination presents ; the eye may be said not
to lose its natural action and power in either case,
although the mind is primarily indebted to the
intermediate agency of the eye, for the faculty
of indulging flights of fancy. In a dream, reason
is dormant ; and for the time, until we awake,
we feel as if the representation were a reality; and
we do not divest ourselves of this sensation until
we do awake. In the instance of invention, we
know the representation presented to our mind is
a fiction ; but we cannot distinguish this whilst
dreaming. A dream never happens to a man
awake ; a vision might ; a vision may happen to
a man either asleep or awake ; at least it is said
so, if the New Testament is correctly translat-
ed, for in it we find instances of both. In the
dream and representation by imagination, the eye
at the time is not actually of use ; it is the force
of memory that yields the representation ; this
faculty then presents it to another which discerns
it. It appears we dream generally something'
connected with us in some way or other ; we, in
general, appear agents in it ; whether it is pro-
duced from attentive reading, or conversation, or
occurrence witnessed, it is seldom, if ever, a
dream is unconnected with any thing which has
occurred in some shape or other. Men have
been known to dream that they were spirits ;
and appeared to themselves to be composed like
a cloud, while their mortal body had been de-
ceased some time ; there are several instances of
this ; but it must have been connected with fre-
quent meditation of some kind, or a recent transac-
tion ; here there could be no mistake ; it was a
dream, not a vision, as they found when they sub-
sequently awoke. in enthusiasm, the mind has
so long dwelt upon a desired object, however
irrationally the longing may have been indulged,
until it insensibly falls into the state we call En-
thusiastic ; and in the end, is so absorbed in the
longing, that it cannot divest itself of having en-
joyed that object, whatever it may be, a sup-
posed revelation or anything else. Reason is ex-
tinguished by vehement desire, and thus the de-
lusion in enthusiasm takes place. And this is
the case of an enthusiast as to religion. John-
son, says " a dream is natural ; a vision mira-
culous ; but they are confounded." They are
confounded frequently and in various ways ;
since a vision implies a communication by an
'agent ; a communication, or action, which does
not depend upon ourselves in taking place. A
dream does, and is an ideal representation ; and
although angels are said to have appeared in
dreams, I believe the proper translation would
be in visions. It is of no consequence in what
shape an angel appeared ; the appearance ren-
dered it a vision, and. the warning an agent. For
if a dream is natural,, it is evidently dependent ;
but a vision being miraculous, or contrary to the
ordinary course of nature, it is independent in a
peculiar manner, because no terrestrial antece-
dent is required to produce its appearance ; it is
in no ways dependent upon the mind of the in-
dividual. But then in a dream it is just the con-
trary, as I have shewn. So that, considering the
subject altogether, I apprehend Dr. Johnson's
definition of enthusiasm regarding religion is
correct, when explained in the sense I have now
taken it ; that is, it is a deception induced upon
the mind by anxious and excessive thinking,
and an extraordinary desire the result of it ;
so that the, object. of that desire becoming deeper
and deeper impressed upon the mind, the mind

becomes weakened, and is tricked' ont of its
ordinary faculties : and if it is any thing relative
to a desired course of Providence, it firmly be-
lieves such has taken place : and this is sometimes
supposed mentally, and sometimes visibly reveal-
ed to it. Such, I believe, is wherein consists
enthusiasm ; and if it is asserted the Methodists
" vainly imagine they have private revelations,
or entertain a vain confidence-of intercourse with .
Gon," the assertion is untrue and unwarranted.
If a belief in Divine Influences be enthusiasm,
then the Methodists are enthusiasts, and glori-
ously such. To act under such influences, to this
they do aspire ; but as to private revelations or
visions, as generally understood by the terms,
to these they do not pretend. If a confidence in
the belief of Divine Influences be enthusiasm, a
Taylor, Porteus, Sherlock, Blair, Hall, Tillott-
son, &c. &c. have enjoyed a full share of such
imbecility and presumptuous folly. As the
Church, so do the Methodists implore the assis-
tance of the Holy Spirit; and in the prayers or

the Established Church such request generally
prevails. It is this Spirit alone the Methodists
seek; and I trust it will not be said this Spirit
is not to be obtained, is not to be discerned: the
efficacy of prayer will not be disputed, or the
interposition of Providence in the affairs of this
world, by awy member of the Established
Church. I confess I am enthusiastic enough to
believe any true disciple of Christ's may obtain
and feel the impulse of this Spirit. lf, there-
fore, I have rightly defined enthusiasm ; and
since I have accurately stated to what influences
the Methodists aspire, I shew it to be defama-
tion unjustifiable to rear the accusation of enthu-
siasm on the perversions of individuals, and for

their follies to brand a large body of people as
enthusiasts and heretics. But enthusiasm is not

the only charge unhesitatingly made against the
Methodists; for, in the succeeding breath, they
are accused of hypocrisy. It seems to me almost
needless to observe how iniquitous this charge is,
when applied, without reserve, to a whole class
of people, especially against the Society to
which I am alluding. A hypocrite is a dis-
sembleOn morality and religion, and surely it
is remarkable, if among a Society so large as the
Wesleyan has been, if in it some of the acknow-

ledged learned and pious men did not discover
the blasphemy and heresy they regularly cow-
mated and supported every day of their lives•
But the fact is, jealousy and envy, and not
any charitable motive, have urged these accusa-
tions. Whether the genuine Methodist is a se-
ceder from the Established Church, I much
doubt : and, whether the breach which has beet'
made and widened by innovating successors ill
the Society is consistent with the doctrines of the
Cross, that the brethren of the Church of Christ
are to dwell in unity, I will not detain you to
observe; Neither will I now discuss the point/

whether, in all probability, the Church has deriv-
ed a proportion of its strength from the establish- '
ment of different sects : whether they have bee¢
instrumental in calling into action abilities which
otherwise would have been lost, never required,
and therefore never exerted. Whether it may not
have been ordained that the contest which is being
carried onwards, should at this time take place,
that hereafter a perfect kingdom may be esti'

Wished. Omitting these and many other consl'
derations, I will ask, if " the gates of hell are,
never to prevail" against one particular set of
selected doctrines, why this violence and bitter
hatred of such men as ./Equus, against the sec'
tarians, or those who will not hold the same doc•
trines as he entertains, especially, if, as insinuated;
these people have been let loose from thence •
Perhaps it may, in the end, prove the wisest plan
for him to divest himself of his confident infalli.
bility, and take the advice of the lawyer; a And
now I say unto you, refrain from these men, and
let them alone : for if this counsel or this work,
be of men, it will come to nought : but if it be 01
God, ye cannot overthrow it ; lest haply ye be
found even to fight against God. And to hill)
they agreed, and when they they had called the
Apostles, and beaten them, they commanded that
they should not speak in the name of Jesus, and
let them go."

JUSTUS•

*.• The postcript in reply to iEquus's last Letter shall ar
pear the first opportunity.

SHOCKING OCCURRENCE.-Mr. MUNS, Hosier'
who resided with his sister, at Russell-streety
Covent-garden, was found drowned in the ge
gent's Canal, yesterday afternoon. He had goliet
out to dine with a party of friends on Sunday
Islington, and had not been heard of till the sar-
rival of this afflicting intelligence. The death
was no doubt occasioned by accident. His body
now lies at Battle Bridge for the inspection u.
the Jury.

COAL.-MARKET; JULY 24.
Ships at Market. Ships sold price.o gd
11 Newcastle - -10 i -34 s 3d to 4-9 pd
1 Sunderland - 1 -39 s Od tom

BIRTHS. of the 'y
Yesterday, at Morley Rectory, near Derby, the Lady
RevOn t. dward Luard of a daughter.
Edward Luard, of a dau tar.
On the 20th inst., Mrs. W. Ferrier, .Albany-street, .
burgh, of a son.

MARRIED.
Yesterday, at St. Giles's, Camberwell, Mr. Edkins, 00'11
bury-square, to Sarah, second daughter of John Relfe,o4.
Camberwell.
Yesterday, at St. Lawrence Jewry, C. C. Deacon, -"'"
Milk-street, to Mrs. Baxter, of Belle-vue-lodge,

DIED. fitr.
Lately, at his apartments in Cork County Gaol, John ortY
Gerald, Esq. in the 85th year of his age, and for the Dot'
years a prisoner there under civil process.
IA year
On Thursday last, at his town residence, in the 6.7,, in the
his age, Patrick O'Hara, Esq., formerly of Hollysfel'?, -
county of Mayo Ireland. 1.
On his march' from Cuddapa to' Seringapittarn, JP'
Jr.ckman, the elder son of the Rev. I. Jackman. 1 Aata.
On the 23d June, in the 30th year of his age, Chsr-ellpiskei
phis Baker, Esq. Commander of his Majesty's late sloo,P_,,billi,
and second surviving son of Win. Baker, Esq. of Bar°l7 with
in the. county of Hertford. The Drake was unhappilY°s;olo"
one third of. her crew, upon a dangerous point of the .►Ol
I eastern' coast of Newfoundland on the evening of that
ems' IP
her gallant and humane Commander perished in his e, 7Toric,
superintend the preservation of his companions On otecifia
which they had gained, and which, ia the words of a gyro to
officer, in his official report to the Coramander.in-Chi;51,04
Station, "he resolutely refused .o quit till every- .
sate."
~
_,..e..31,1.
printed and Published for the PROPRIETORS, at
Office. No. 112, Strand, by J. P. CAnsTallst''