The Sun.
London, England, 1836-01-01 00:00:00

SHIPPING.-(THIS DIY.)

(FROM LLOYD'S.)
DEAL, DEC. 31.—Wind N.W., hazy.—Sailed this morn-
ing for the River the Doncaster, Matilda Luckie, and the rest
of the homeward bound. Arrived and remain in the Downs,
the Hooghly, Bayley, from Canton ; and William Lushing-
ton, —, from Quebec. Arrived from the River and sailed,
the Scoutfield, Tucker, for Jamaica; and Moscow, Pitman,
for Havannah.
PORTSMOUTH, DEC. 31.—Wind E.N. E. to S.E.
PLYMOUTH, DEC. 30.—Wind W. to N.N.W.—Arrived
the Brutus, Kafer, from Newfoundland ; and Eagle, --,
from Prince Edward Island.
FALMOUTH, DEC. 30.—Wind N. W. to N. N. W., moderate,
with hazy weather.—Arrived off port the Susannah, Watson;
from Zante ; James Winter, Hunter, from Lima ; and Ann,
Luckie, from Pernambuco.
STA NGA TE CREEK, DEC. 31.—Arrived-the George Anson,
Oakcley, from Tarragona ; James EdWard, Beckford, from
Chesme ; Dean, Daix, from Cephalonia.
DOVER, DEC. 31.—Arrived off port the Ceylon, Gore,.
from Batavia.
ISLE OF WIGHT, DEC. 31.—Arrived off the Tyrian, Cun-
ningham, from Valparaiso.
COWES, DEC. 30.—Arrived the Charlotte, Huckle, from
New York, leaky, and with loss of boats, &c., bound to Ant-
werp ; and Resolution, Destyre, from Hamburg, leaky, bound
to Havannah.
SrEVANAGE, DEC. 29.—Arrived off port the Helme, As-
trape, from Odessa.
Tommy, DEC. 29.—Arrived the Louisa, •Cummings, and
Queen, James, from St. Michael's.
PENZANCE, DEC. 31.—Arrived the Angelique, Barrett,
from Plymouth, leaky, and must discharge, bound to Liver-
pool.
SCILLY, DEC. 29.—Arrived cif the Ariadne, Cox, from
Berbice ; and Charles George, Hay, from Figueira.
BRISTOL, DEC. 31.—Arrived the Ida, Banfield, Messina,

LIVERPOOL, DEC. 30.—Arrived the Smyrna, Cornish, from
Smyrna. Off port the Casseopia, —, from the Mauritius;
and Robert Isaac, from Savannah.

Tho Enchantress, Roxburgh, from London to Sydney, was
totally wrecked in entering Derwent River about 11th of July
—most of the crew drowned, master and passengers saved.
The James Bentley, Bells, from Liverpool to Philadelphia,
was wrecked near Great Egg Harbour, Ist inst.--crew and
materials saved.
RAMSGATE, DEC. 30.—Arrived off port the Mary Ann,
Budd, from Villaviciosa.

This day (New Year's Day) during Divine Servic
the Rev. Isaac Saunders, Rector of St. Ann's and St: An.
drew's, Blackfriars, iu the middle of his sermon, suddenly
dropped down in the pulpit in a fit (supposed apoplexy) ;
and although Dr. Powers of Great Carter-lane, and other
medical men, were instantly there, no blood would follow
the lancet. Thus died one of the best of men, and most
able preacher in the City of London. His sermon was on
the 2d chap. of Colossians, 10, 11, and 12 verses.
Lord Vernon arrived at his residence in Wilton-
crescent on Tuesday evening from FalMouth, where he
landed from the Firefly packet, from Gibraltar. His Lor&
ship proceeds to Sudbury Hall to attend .the • obsequies. of
his-father, the late Lord, whose remains were brought frcm
Gibraltar in the Harlequin yacht.
No less than 15 persons were committed, for va-
rious terms of imprisonment, last week, to the
.House of
Correction, Devizes, for poaching.
*Russia. possesses literally , " a ChUrCh militant,"
most of the Bishops being invested with military or-
ders, the insignia of which they wear with their priestly
investments.
The members of the old Common Council of this
borough held their last meeting on Wednesday, when they
made up their accounts, preparatory to the surrender of
their trust to the new Corporation. Under the new re-
gime the meetings of the Council will, we presume, be held
in public, and we may be able to give a regular account of
them. This, like all former meetings, was held in krivate ;
what we know, therefore, is from hearsay. We are in-
formed that within a few weeks past the Corporation have
been enabled to pay off debts to the amount of about
7,0001., reducing the encumbrances upon the municipal
estate to about 10,0001. ; and that the
,income is about
3,0001. a year ; a sum which, with prudent management,
may effect many public improvements. The state of 6(
Grammar School was a principal subject of consideration.
Preston Paper.
POOR LAWS (IRELAND).—On Saturday last a
meeting of several parishes was held at Naas, to petition
Parliament in favour of Poor' Laws, and against the tithe
system. 'At this meeting Mr. Ruthven asserted the right
of the people to be delivered from tithes, and relieved by a
Poor Rate. The Hon. Gentleman then alluded to the
recent affairs connected with the Turf Club, which have
excited so much attention, and which had induced twelve of
his constituents to call on him to accede to the demand of
the stewards of the Turf Club, by producing Leinster
and Caroline in Kildare on the 28th. The Hon. Gentle-
'man entered into explations of the motives which induced
him to decline doing so, and declared that he was, as far as
this affair was concerned, in the hands of his legal advisers.
He also denounced the attack on him as being concerned
with party motives, and aiming at his. expulsion from the
Representation of Kildare. He promised that, after a trial
by Jury, his bitterest foes would admit his entire in-
nocence.

DECLARATION OF CIRCASSIAN
INDEPENDENCE, ADDRESSED TO THE COURTS
OF EUROPE. •

The inhabitants of the Caucasus, instead of being subject
to Russia, are not even at peace with her, but have for
many years been engaged in continual war. This war they
have maintained single-handed. They have received at no
period encouragement or assistance from any Power.
While the Pprte held the supremacy of these provinces they-
were left for their means of defence to themselves, but
lately the Porte has in every way betrayed and abandoned_
them. One Pasha opened the gates of Anapa to Muscovite
gold, telling the Circassians that the Russians marched as
friends to support the Sultan against the Rebel Chiefs of
Arminestan. Another Pasha again betrayed them, and
left their country by night. Since then the Circassians
have sent repeated deputations to the Sultan, to offer their
devotion, to request assistanee—they have, however, been
treated with coldness. They have also applied to -Persia
with no better success, and, finally, to Mehemet Ali, who,
although appreciating their devotion, was too far off then to
support them. .
In all these cases the deputies of Circassia had been in-
structed to tell to those who, being at a distance, did not
know, how intolerable was the oppression of Russia, how
hostile she was to the customs, the faith and happiness of
all men (or why should the Circassians have fought so long
against her), how treacherous were her Generals, and how
savage her soldiers,—that, therefore, it was the interest of
no one that the Circassians should be destroyed. On the
contrary, that it was the interest of all, the Circassians.
shoUld he supported. A hundred thousand Muscovite
troops occupied uow in fighting with us, or in watching and
and blockading us, will then be fighting with you. A hun—
dred thousand men now scattered over our barren and steep
rocks, and struggling with our hardy Mountaineers, will
then be over-running 'cur rich plains, and enslaving your
Rayas and yourselves. Our mountains have been the ram-
parts of Persia and Turkey, they will become, unless sup-
ported, the gate to both—they are now the only shelter for
both. They are the doors of. the house, by closing, which
alone the hearth can be defended. But, moreover, our
blood, Circassian blood, fills the veins of the Sultan. His
mother, his hareM, is Circassian. His slaves arc Circas-
sians. His Ministers and his Generals are Circassian. He
is the chief of our faith, and also of our race, he possesses
our hearts, and we offer him our allegiance.By all these tics
we claim from him countenance and support, and if he will
not or cannot.defend his children and his subjects, let him
think of the Khaus of the Crimea whose descendant is

among us.
Such were the words our deputies were instructed to
pronOunce,lut they were unheeded. They would not have
been se; if the Sultan knew how many hearts and swords
he can command; when he ceases to lie the friend of the

Muscovite.
We know that Russia is not the only power in the
world. We. know that there arc other powers greater than
Russia, who, though powerful, are benevolent, who instruct
the ignorant, who protect the weak, who are not friends to
the .Russians, but -rather their enemies, and who arc not
enemies of the Sultan, but his friends. We know that
England and France are the first among_the nations of the
globe, and were great and powerful when the Russians
came in little boats, and got from us permission to catch
fish in the Sea of Azof.
We thought that England and France would take no
interest in a simple and poor people like us, but we did not
doubt that such wise nations knew that we were not Rus-
sians, and though we know little, and have no artillery,
generals, discipline, ships, or riches—that we are an honest
people, and peaceable when let alone, but that we hate the
Russians with good cause, and almost always beat them.
It is, therefore, with the profoundest humiliation that we
have • learnt that our country is marked, on all the maps
printed in Europe, as a portion of Russia ; that treaties, of
which we know nothing, should have been signed between
Russia and Turkey, pretending to hand over to the Rus-
sians these warriors that make Russia tremble, and these
mountains where her footsteps have never come ; that
Russia tells in the West, that the Circassians arc her
slaves, or wild bandits and savages, whom no kindness can
soften, and no laws- can restrain.
We most solemnly protest, in the face of heaven, against
such womanish arts and falsehood. We answer words with
words, but it is truth against falsehood ; for forty years we
have protested triumphantly against accusations with our
arms ; this ink, as the blood we have spilt, declares our in-
dependence ; and these are the seals of men who have
known no superior save the decision of their country—men
who understand no subtle arguments—but who know how
to use their weapons when the Russians come within their

reach.
"%no has the power to give us away Our allegiance
is offered to the Sultan, but if he is at peace with Russia he
cannot accept it, for Circassia is at war. Our allegiance is
a free offering—he cannot cell it, because he has not
bought it.
Let not a great nation, like England, to whom our eves
arc turned, and our hands arc raised, think of us at all if it
be to do us injustice. Let her not open her ear to the wiles
of the Russian, while she closes it to the prayer of the Cir-
cassian. Let her judge by facts•between the people that is
called savage and barbarous, and its caluMniator.
We are four millions, but we have unfortunately been di,
vided into many tribes, languages, and creeds ; we have va-
rious customs, traditions, interests, alliances, and feuds.
We have hitherto never had one purpose, but we have
modes of government, and habits of submission and com-
mand: The chief chosen by each body during the war is
implicitly obeyed, and our princes and our elders govern
according to the eastern of each
,place with greater autho-
rity than in the great states around us, but from our want-
ing a common chief amongst ourselves, we who have ruled
throughout - the East have chosen always a foreign leader.
We have thus voluntarily submitted to the dominion of the
Khans of the Crimea, and afterwards to the .Sultans of
Constantinople.
Russia has attempted, whenever she had.OverPOwered any
portion of our territory, and in some she has -succeeded, to
reduce us to the condition of serfs, to enroll us in her armies,
to make us spend our'sWeat and our blood to enrich her ; to
fight her battles, and to enslave to her others, even our own
countrymen and co-religionaries. Hatred has, therefore,
grown up between us, and bloodshed is unceasing, other-
wise we might long ago have submitted to a Muscovite chief,
It would be a long and sad story to relate the acts of
her cruelty, her faith violated, her promises broken ; how
she has encircled our country on every side ; cut us off
from the necessaries of life ; how she has intercepted our
'commerce : how she has Caused to fall under the knife of,
the hired assassin the last remnants of our ancient houses,
and left us without chiefs to obey ; how she has extermi-
nated whole tribes and villages ; how. she has bought the
treacherous agents of .the Porte ; how she has reduced us
to poverty, and driven us into hatred and exasperation
against all the world, by the horrors she committed--while
by her falsehoods she degraded us in the eyes of the Chris-
tian nations of Europe.
We have lost the stocks that formerly could have col-
lected hundreds of thousands of men under their banners—
but we are now at last united all as one man in hatred to
Russia-200,000 alone of our people have been subjected
by her chiring this long contest, of the remainder not one
has voluntarily served Russia. Many,children have been.
stolen, and sons of nobles taken as hostages ; but such as
could recollect a country, have made their escape. We
have amongst us men who have been favoured and flattered
and honoured by the Emperor, and who have preferred to
that favour the dangers of their country. We have amongst
us thousands of Russians, who prefer our barbarism to the
`ciVilization of their country. - Russia has built forts on
points of our territory, but they dare not venture beyond
the reach of their guns-50,000 Russians have lately made
an inroad,. and they have been.beaten.
It is by arms, not by words, that a country can be con-
quered. If Russia conquers us, it will .not be
.by arms but
by cutting off our communications, and inakine• use of Tur-
key and Persia as if they were already hers ; by rendering
the sea impassable, as if it were herown-; by blockading our
coast ;. by destroying -not only our vessels, but those of
other states-which approach us ; by depriving us of a market
for our produce ; by preventing us from obtaining salt, gun-
powder, and other nece:,saries of war—by depriving us of
hope. .
But we are independent—We are at war—we are victors.
The representative of the Emperor, who numbers us in Eu-
rope as his slaves, who marks this country as his on the map,
has lately opened communications with the Circassians—not
to offer pardon for rebellion, but to bargain for the retreat
of 20,000 men enveloped by our people, and to make ar-
rangements
le
cub

onOld Assembly
Thursday,f‘ the
Ls ub
os candrnd a
i i: n -
THE " STARVING" PARSONS.—The
tion in this DioceEe amounts to more thanooo/.—Cani-
bridge Chronicle. ,
Mr. Feargus O'Connor,tahieif:xgn,
e thei nt o
Radical Association, visited H
meeting was held, in the evening, in
Room, which was excessively crowded.
INCENDIARISM.---O n Sunday evening last, a little
after five o'clock, the stack-yard of Mr. John Smith, of
Newburgh, near Easingwold, was discovered to be on fire,,
and a stack of wheat, containing twelve or fourteen quarters,
was totally consumed. There is no doubt but this was the
work
l oy:pd asn inE York Courant.
RcCenKt—ar7considerable sensation was excited
at
yesterday, by intelligence of the loss of the En-
chantress, bound to Van Diemen's Land, when within a
short distance of her destination. She is stated to have
been a fine vessel, and her cargo one of the most valuable
ever sent to that qaarter. The crew were unfortunately
drowned, but the master and passengers escaped.