The Sun.
London, England, 1849-09-03 00:00:00

THE SUN, LIONDON,

northern counties can earn from 12s. to 16s. per week,
and thus provide every comfort for their families ;
indeed, so indefatigable are they in their exertions that
in many houses the loom is never permitted to
remain idle, the girls working by day and the sons
sitting up at night while their sisters are at rest; and
these are the people who have been stigmatised as
idle and lazy, anxious rather to consume their time
unprofitably than to labour for the general benefit.
We heartily commend Mr. DICKSON'S observations
to the consideration of our readers and of the public
generally, and we are quite sure that gentleman will
gladly afford every information that may be required
by those who are anxious to lend a helping hand to
the amelioration of Ireland and the improvement of
the social condition of the people.

The intercourse between the envoy of Republican
France and the Imperial tyrant of Russia, as reported
by the Assembles Nationale, appears, considering the
peculiar circumstances of the times, of a somewhat
extraordinary character. It is said that the EMPEROR
had endeavoured to avoid all political subjects of con-
versation ; but on one occasion, pressed for a reply to
some interrogation, he ventured boldly to declare in
the presence of the Republican—" My project,
General, is to suppress revolution wherever it may
show itself." If this remark, addressed to the repre-
sentative of a Power which had risen only by revo-
lution, is sufficiently audacious, the comments of the
Assemblee Nationale are even more so. "We think,"
naively observes this journal, anxious to exculpate the
EMPEROR from the least shadow of misrepresentation,
"we think that this was meant merely as a menace
against the spirit of revolution,' and not against
nationalities." Unnecessary commentary ! Who
could for one moment be so credulous as to imagine
the Emperor of RUSSIA the enemy of nationalities ?
Henceforth let the wrongs of Poland be deemed
an " idle tale—let the military occupation of
Warsaw, whereby every patriot hand was rendered
motionless, and every lip sealed by perpetual sur-
veillance; be wholly discredited. The soldiers of
PASHEITITCH have not crushed the life out of bleeding
Hungary and given over her patriot children to
death, to exile, or to worse than either—the ignominy
of treason. Let all these atrocities be henceforth
disbelieved—the Assembles Nationale has spoken—
the Emperor of RUSSIA does not menace nationalities.
Nevertheless, this high-spirited organ of
Republi-
canism gently ventures to hint to the EMPEROR that
he will not find menaces useful in disposing the French
people in his favour, albeit those menaces, as it
obligingly explains, are directed not against nationa-
lities but against the spirit of revolution. " The re-
volutionary spirit," proceeds this consistent Republi-
can, " extends itself by that deplorable agitation in
the public mind, that sanguinary fever, which has
precipitated Europe into all kinds of excesses since
the 24th of February, and it is to that which the
EMPEROR alluded in his remark." The spirit which
has animated Europe since the 24th of February,
1848, very possibly does not meet with
the EMPEROR'S approbation, for that spirit
is as dissimilar and as antagonistic to his predilections
as an individual, and to his power as a sovereign, as
day is to night, liberty to slavery, or the vigour of
life to the torpor of apathy. Since the 24th of
February, 1848, a spirit, which had long been ac-
quiring strength in silence and gaining fresh vigour
at every outrage or oppression suffered, has made its
existence unmistakably manifest. All Europe has
felt the influence of the mighty movement, even to
the stronghold of Absolutism. The once submissive
empire of Austria has been shaken to dismgmberment,
and the Imperial power only preserved by the abdi- '
cation of the then Emperor. Russia, as yet unaf-
fected by the storm, leekl on with apparent
indifference, while the AUTOCRAT, tempting his fate,
scornfully boasts of his project "to put down revo-
lution wherever it may show itself." So confident

(10 we feel of the ultimate result of this audacity, that
we listen to the boasts of NICHOLAS with the same pity..
ing wonder with which the courtiers of CANUTE heard
their sovereign command the advancing waves of the
,iea not to wet his royal feet. The cases are exactly
parallel, save that CANUTE'S infatuation was assumed
that the lesson might benefit his country, whereas
the delusion of NICHOLAS is real; perhaps its dissi-
pation may one day enlighten his imperial self. Wit
have heard of an ALEXANDER, who, in the madness of
his ambition, asked for more worlds to conquer, and of
► XERXES who, in the madness of his anger, inflicted
chastisement upon the senseless sea ; but what folly
if ancient times surpasses his who, in the middle of

the nineteenth century, with the ruins of feudal power

before his eyes, and the thunder of popular indignation
in his ears, coolly enunciates a project "to suppress
revolution wherever it may show itself?" The fall
if Hungary may, perhaps, give encouragement to the
project. Be it so. The day of retribution for na-
tional no less than for individual sins, for imperial as
well as for private offenders, although occasionally
retarded, is inevitable.

CITE FRENCH REPUBLIC.

We have received the Paris papers of Saturday and
yesterday.
The Moniteur of yesterday publishes the nomina-
tion of BAROCHE, Attorney-General of the Republic,
is Attorney-General at the High Court of Justice at
Versailles. He will be assisted by MM. RAVEN,
SuIN, and LEVESQE, members of the Court of Appeal
of Paris. The same official journal publishes the
names of 25 general officers placed on the retired list
by the Provisional Government, and who have been
reinstated in their rank by a decree of the PRESIDENT
of the Republic.
The PRESIDENT left Paris yesterday morning at
half-past six, for Espernay, to inaugurate that section
of the Paris and Strasburg Railroad. He was to re-
turn to Paris at eight o'clock in the evening.
Galignani's Messenger of Saturday has the follow-
ing important statement on the subject of the speech
made by the Minister of Commerce at the dinner
given, on Thursday, to the President of the RE-
rUULIC by the Exhibitors of National Industry :
It. is much to be regretted that the Paris journals
which have given a report of the dinner on Thursday
have omitted the speech of the Minister of Commerce,
which, from a short notice given of it in a leading article
of the Patric, appears to have been of an importance
secondary only to that of the President of the Republic.
According to the Patrie, M. Lanjuinais expressed an
opinion that the Protectionist system had been more
frequently fatal than useful to French industry, and that
he thought the manufacturers of France were now
in a condition to contend successfully with other
countries without the protection, or rather supposed pro-
tection, we should say, afforded to them by the tariff of
customs. This speech, says the Park, was much
applauded."
The Councils-General have met in their respective
departments. That of the Soane and Loire chose M.
DE LAMARTINE as their chairman. He opened the
Council with the following address :
" Gentlemen,—ln paying to our president, by seni-
ority, the tribute usual on such occasions, permit me to
reply briefly to the kind mention which he has made of
my situation before you. It is truly said that the ordi-
nary, nay, the legitimate fluctuations of opinion, toss
about and submerge for a long time the men who, like
me, have found themselves, not by merit but by chance,
grappling in the events which are stronger than they.
I say so without a blush, for these events are sometimes
stronger than a whole nation. Their fame, their political
consideration, their credit with the National confidence,
necessarily and justly undergo the influence of the
counter-blow and reaction. They would be out of their
senses to complain of that, particularly when they have
the rare fortune to find amongst countrymen, the closest
to them, not only justice, but indulgence affection,
and a kind reception, such as your suffrages bear witness
to most strongly at this moment for me. No, I have not
descended, when I find myself again on the level of your
esteem and of your affection! The session during which
you have ordered me to act as president appears to me
to open under more favourable auspices than the pre-
ceding one. The country has passed three-fourths, nay,
I am inclined to think altogether, through those dan-
gerous interregnums, those terrible crises, which are
always to be found in the existence of nations between
an old order fallen to pieces, and a new one to be esta-
blished, particularly when that new order is to be or-
ganized in the proportions
.of an immense and regular de-
mocracy. In that constitution of the universal represents •
the Councils-General have less to change
itni vtehoe fi
rt hnea
ptueropethan our other fundamental institutions. The
Councils-General were already a Republican institution
before the Republic; but they bad a base less wide, and a
mission less universal, Let us therefore conform to the
nature eminently popular of our institution. The Coun-
cils-General ought to be the Republic localised over the
whole surface of the territory. Let us render it sen-
sible, visible, and palpable to the people in three
manners—by an economical administration of the fortune
of the tax-payers and of the property of the rich; by an
energetic impulse given to public works in the depart-
ment for the working classes, and by a generous pro-
digality, Christian and political at the same time, of
as uncdorauirs,e
riyn sot rf t chtei cu,osnuffaenr di n agi dptaor
tt h
oe
fwtehaek npeos
ps ,uilgant
ioorna
.n c el,
feel confident that the spirit of these i councls is in ad •
vance of the spirit of the body which has been pleased
to choose me for its interpreter; and it is under the
auspices of these unanimous ideas that the session of 1849
opens." . .
We read in the Patrie :.
"In consequence of the rumours which have been

current respecting the health and pecuniary position of
M „de Lamartine, we are assured that several influential
persons have met with a view to open a national sub-
scription in order to prevent the necessity of the sale of
M. de Lamartine's patrimonial property. A committee
having been formed, the members waited on the illus-
trious poet, to whom they stated the object of their
visit. M. de Lamartine thanked the committee for their
kindness, but refused to accept the offer of a national
subscription, on the ground that the produce of his lite-
rary labours is more than sufficient for his wants."
The Presse makes the following pungent remarks
on the vale dictory address of General OUDINOT to
the Roman people :
" The Roman Constitutional Assembly has been dis-
solved by force of bayonets—the liberty of the press has
been suspended—the prisons are overflowing. Whoever
took part in public affairs in the slightest degree since
November is hunted without mercy ; all the acts of the
late Government are declared null—all political and
civil guarantees are confiscated—the noblest inhabitants
the greatest minds, the best patriots of Italy, are pro-
scribed. Messrs. Mamiami and Pantalioni are in exile ;
on the rain of every liberty the Inquisition is set up,
and yet General Oudinot, on leaving the Romans, tells
them that he has saved them from political reaction.
" We affirm that the French Government never did
concern itself about the question of liberty; the word
was used fur sake of silencing the opposition and keep-
ing the majority together. To-day there is no longer
occasion for subterfuge; when the Assembly is not sit-
ting the Government does not seek to throw any disguise
on the objects of the expedition. What M. de Falloux
said at the tribune M. Oudinot repeated at Rome. We
went to re-establish the temporal power of the Pope;
neither more or less. We desired to do what Austria,
Spain, and Naples, equally desired, and these three
Powers being equal to the work, let us ask why have we
been put to the cost of forty millions, and why did we
expse the lives and health of 40,000 soldiers?"
The Journal des Debats has the following corres-
pondence from Rome. The " situation," it will be
seen, becomes daily worse. The letter is dated
August 24th, and is as follows :
" General Oudinot leaves this evening or to-morrow
for Naples. An order of the day to the army, and a
proclamation to the Romans, have officially announced
his recal, and placed the command in the hands of
General Rostolan. The General will probably and the
Pope at Naples. The intention of his Holi-
ness h
it iscan e
said, toe
suy comeinto
stop for
es fo r n)gh t a t
the
city,
P o r i c from
whence and
after the expiration of that time he will return into
his States. lam inclined to believe, however, that
the residence of the Pontiff in the Kingdom of
the Two Sicilies will be longer. Pius IX. seems less
disposed than ever to return to his capital. He
is surrounded by people who are opposed to it, and they
have a powerful influence over him; and if it be true, as
is positively stated, that the Cardinal Secretary of State
has ordered his furniture to be carried to Naples, our
suspicions will be changed into certainty. Besides, if
the Pope does not come to Rome, where will he fix the
seat of his Government? At Benevento? He had better
remain at Gaeta. At Bologna? The state of public feel-
ing in that province would not allow it. At Loretto?
The difficulties of the position would there be less, but
would still be serious, and, nevertheless, that appears
to be the point fixed on. That place will be visited
on the pretext of thanking the Madona for the deliver-
ance obtained; and then, yielding to the respectful soli-
citations of the Austrian army cantonned in that pro-
vince, the Pope will fix his residence there until the
French troops shall have evacuated Rome. That this
plan originated with the Pope himself I do not believe,
but that endeavours have been made to bring it about is
not impossible, and perhaps it is desirable that it should
be carried into execution. All the troops holding garrison
in the Pontifical States do not preserve so much delicacy
in their proceedings as the French. All do not live at their
own expense; all do not content themselves in sleep-
ing in the open air in the courts of palaces, whilst the
owners and their families retain their own apartments;
all do not pay ready money for what they purchase ;
some even exact local contributions, payable two-thirds
in money and one-third in paper; and, in fine, all do not
equally respect persons. Hence arise constant com-
plaints from the people, who are subjected to foreign
denomination. All these complaints reach the Minister
of the Interior here, and perhaps go further. When his
Holiness shall reside in the palace where such things
occur, he will not remain ignorant of them, and he
will then draw a comparison, and be forced to render
better justice to the admirable discipline of the French
army. The arrangement come to between Austria and
Piedmont must lead to certain modifications in the
policy pursued by the representative of the Cabinet of
Vienna, and advantage will be endeavoured to be taken
of the circumstance. The more explicit tone as
sumed by France has perhaps also caused some coolness.
What appeared to have arrived at a solution is now
again thrown into uncertainty. Yesterday the Roman
Municipality gave a soirée to General Oudinot in the
saloons of the Capitol. During the fete the Senator
presented the General with a medal commemorative of
his entry into the city, and a copy on vellum of the
Decree of the Municipality ordering an inscription in
honour of the Liberator of Rome, to be placed in the
Salle of the Great Men of the Nation. An ordonnance
of the Governmental Commission, published this morn-
ing, constitutes an exceptional tribunal to try crimes
lately committed:"
The Reforme says--
" We learn from Berne that the French Government
continues to refuse passports to the German refugees,
who, on their way to America, are forced to traverse
France. The evident object of these odious measures is
to make Switzerland a sort of political trap."
M. LEON FILET has been appointed French Consul
at Nice.

The PRESIDENT received, on Saturday, a deputation
from the Peace Congress. _

The attendance of speculators at the Passage de
l'Opera yesterday was not very considerable, and no
great business was done. The price of the Five per
Cents. was 90f. 60c.
BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK-EXCHANGE. Saar. 1.

Duteh Rhenish, :54, East Indian, 4% Northern of
France, 34 dis.— Orleans and : Bourdeaux, 3—Paris and
Rouen, 21—Paris and Strasbourg, 4% —Rouen and Havre,
10 LA3

SPAIN.

Madrid journals of the 28th ult. have arrived.
Senor Mori has left Madrid for the north of Spain

The'Cortes are to be convoked for the 16th Oct.
MADRID BoLsA, Auo. 28.—The Funds were we,.
sustained. The Three per Cents. were done at 26 7-16
cash, and there were no sellers under 26i at the close ;
Five per Cents., 11 5-16 buyers, sellers; Coupons,
6i buyers; Passive Debt, 3i, 4 buyers, 4 sellers; Ex-
change on London, 50 75.

GERMANY

AND

THE NORTHERN STATES.

AUSTRIA.

The Members of the Hungarian Diet who have
been delivered up by the Russians, for having declared
that the house of Hapsburg bas fallen from the throne
of Hungary, have been transported to Pesth.
On the 18th General ILLTNAU published at Temeswar
an order of the day granting an amnesty to all the
Hungarians, beneath the rank of sergeant-major and
quarter-master, who had abandoned the Austrian
army to join the insurgents, but requiring them to
return to the Austrian ranks. An amnesty was also
granted to the sub officers of the Magyar army who
had not served under the Austrian standard. With
respect to the chiefs of the army and the revolution,
ulterior measures will, it is said, be taken.
The news of the surrender of Comorn is not
con firmed.
On the 26th ult. a solemn Te Deum was celebrated
at Vienna, and a grand review of the troops was
passed, to celebrate the surrender of Venice. The
next day there was another religious ceremony and
review in honour of the victories in Hungary. The
EMPEROR was present on both occasions.
The Henna Gazette of the 27th publishes the follow-
ing"
moryde
brave
r oa fv
ethaermd)a,yhasto
athecieuairremdynebwy
ttihtleeEs roPtEhßeogara:—ti.
tude of my house and the country. The dangers with
which insurrection and treason threatened the existence
of the empire have been vanquished, and Austria will
owe to your courageous actions, to your heroic per-
severance,
the return of peace and union in the in-
terior, and the consolidation of its power abroad.
The children of all the tribes of the empire have anew
sealed with their blood in the ranks of my glorious
army the ties of fraternity which bind them. Of this
union they have given a striking proof in face of the
interior enemy. Soldiers! your Emperor thanks you in
the name of the country. You will always remain wor
thy of yourselves, the glory and pride of Austria, the
immovable support of the throne and social order.

" FRANCIS JOSEPH.

" Schosabrunn, 22d Ang."
A letter from Vienna, of the 27th ult., states tha
the rumour of the surrender of the fortress of Co,
morn was unfounded ; but it was not expected tha_
the garrison would hold out long. Several of the
officers were in favour of resistance, but it was said
that they were not supported by the men. It was
again stated that Mums would only yield to the
Russians.

By a letter from Vienna of the 27th ult. we learn
that Prince PASAEWITCH had left his head quarters
to return to Warsaw, and that General HATNAU was
about to establish his head-quarters at Pesth.
The Austrian Lloyds states that BEM and KOSSUTH
are at Videin in Bulgaria under the surveillance of
the Turkish authorities. The Pacha of Videin has
always been well inclined towards the Magyar cause.
The Independence of Brussels says that in the Hun-
garian war of last year GEORGEY made a proposition
to surrender with 14,000 men to WINDISCHGRATZ,
but that the latter refused, saying that he would not
treat with rebels.

From the Pesth official papers we learn that the
head-quarters of Ilivneu were removed to Arad on
the 21st inst. On the 19th the rest of the 9th insur-
surgent army corps, under Lezan, consisting of 5,000
men, infantry and cavalry, and 19 field pieces, deli-
vered up at Karausebes to the Austrians ; 8,000
men belonging to the armies of BEM and Guyon
laid down their arms on the pith at Deva. Fifty
guns that belonged to this body of troops were also
given up to the Russian General TMERS. believe
I forgot to mention this in my last letter. The officers
of VECSIT'a and KAWIT'S corps have also yielded.