The Sun.
London, England, 1849-02-05 00:00:00

THE UNITED STATES.

LIVERPOOL, SUNDAY EVENING.

The North-American Royal Mail steam-ship Ame-
rica, Captain Heitch, arrived this evening, with ad-
vices from New York to the 23d; Boston, t) the
24th ; and Halifax, to the 26th ult. respectively.
The West India Mail steamer Dee, Captain Allen
from St. Thomas and Bermuda, arrived at New
York on the 13th ult., and left again on the follow-
ing day.
There is little to interest in the proceedings of Con-
gress. The Slavery Question and the admission of
California as a State had been debated, but without
any result.
The Southern Convention has adopted Mr. Cal-
houn's manifesto. That gentleman was very unwell.
The news by this arrival is interesting, especially
as regards the California movement. Nothing, our
reports say, can exceed in intensity the excitement
throughout all parts of the States on the subject,
and the accounts received of three weeks' later dates
from the diggings are or such a promising nature as
to add to the excitement. Gold lumps are now
daily found averaging one and a half, two, and
two and a half pounds in weight. The extent of
ground covered with gold is now ascertained to ex-
tend at least over three hundred miles ; so that
those who were holding back, fearing that the length
of time taken in the journey might leave them little
to find when they would reach, are again preparing,
and ships are scarcely obtainable in sufficient num-
bers to convey the expectant visitors to this El Dorado.
The articles of agreement for the construction of
a railroad across the Isthmus of Panama have been
signed. The contracting parties are Messrs. Aspin-
wall, Stephens, and Channay, constituting the Pa-
nama Railroad Company.
A grant of 250,000 dollars a year for twenty years
to Messrs. Aspinwall and Co. is recommended. It is
proposed to complete the railroad in three years.
It is stated in late advices from Mexico that tur-
bulence and insubordination were the order of the
day, and that the Government was in such a weak
condition as to be unable to check these disorders.
The papers are filled with accounts of robberies and
murders committed in the very heart of the city.
Counterfeit gold and silver coin was in circulation.
To add to these lamentable accounts we have details
of atrocities committed by the Indians. Congress
was in session. It was feared that a quorum would
not be obtained by the Ist of January. The Cham
ber of Deputies had framed several stringent decrees
respecting absentees. The Government was without
funds.
The Board of Health at Havannah had decided to
make the quarantine regulations more stringent. Every
vessel from the United States was to be subjected to
an observation of eight days, and a vessel from an
infected port with cholera, or from one situated
within 150 miles of a place where that malady exists,
Was to undergo a quarantine of twenty days.
The Canadian Parliament was opened on the 18th
ult. with a speech by the Governor General. He
stated that it is the purpose of the Queen to exercise
the prerogative of mercy in favour of all persons
who are still liable to penal consequences for poli-
tical offences arising out of the unfortunate occur-
rences of 1837 and 1838. The restrictions imposed
on the use of the French language are removed by an
Act of the Imperial Parliament. Assurance is given
that steps will be taken for conferring upon the pro
vincial authorities the entire control and management
of the post-office department, and a hope is expressed
that it will be found practicable to establish a low and
uniform rate of postage throughout the provinces. In
regard to the Quebec and Halifax Railway, the Go-
♦ernor says the officers employed in exploring the
country, with the view of discovering the best line
of railway to connect these points, have presented a
valualsle report, which sets forth in a strong light
the advantages of the proposed undertaking. The
provision of funds for the early completion of the St.
Lawrence canals is strongly urged. The subject of
the depressed condition of the commercial affairs of
the provinces forms a leading feature of the Address.
The support of common schools is also alluded to,
and the expediency of setting apart a portion of the
public domain, in order that the revenue derived
from its sale may form a fund, the interest of which
shall be applied to their support. The amendment
of the existing Emigration Act was intended.

COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.
NEW YORK, JAN. 23.
Money Market-The demand for Government secu-
rities has been steady, though somewhat diminished by
the present advanced rates. A rapid advance has taken
place in Indiana State Fives. Money continues easy
at 5 to 6 per cent. " on call," and for discounts on best
signatures at 7 to 9 per cent. per annum. The
gold fever has received increased stimulus from
the more recent intelligence from California.
It is mentioned that the issue of Government
stocks to foreign account, from September to January
13, have been about five millions; of which England
took about 3,000,000 dolls., Germany 800,000 dolls.,
France 550,000 dolls., Canada 100,000 dolls., and
Switzerland 100,000 dolls. The transactions in foreign
exchanges have been considerable, and the supply full.
Exchange on London, 1081 to 108 i; ditto on Paris, 5.30
to 5.25; ditto on Amsterdam, 401 to 40i; ditto on
Ilarnburgh, 351 to 35 ii; ditto on Bremen, 74 to 784.
The Governor of Pennsylvania has recommended that
hereafter the whole interest on the public debt be paid
in Current money; and the Legislature, it may be anti-
cipated, will so determine.
Cotton-The steamer Washington's arrival, but not
the effect of her news, was given in my last circular by
the Europa, under date of the 9th instant. The sales
effected that day were uniformly at my full outside
qui:nations, being equal to an advance of an eight per
cent- On Wednesday and Thursday succeeding, the
sales averaged 2,500 bales daily, mostly on speculation
and at still higher rates, which continued on the morn-
ing of Friday after the telegraph announced the arrival
of the America at Boston, 1,000 bales having been
bought on the assumption that she would
bring a handsome advance. Her accounts received about
one p.m. of only an eighth of a penny advance rather
darapened the ardour of buyers, and no disposition was
Shown afterwards to take hold. The letters by this
conveyance, as also the annual cotton circulars, which
were received next day, appearing to be uniformly written
With a glow of c mfi lenee on a decided advance
there, provided the popular estimates of our corp can be
kept at or under 2,500,000 bales, and as that is in the
Opsinion of careful observers the probable extent
°' it (in which, however, I do not coincide,
ing
in inclined to favour 2,600,000 bales, equal
average
weight to the last crop, notaithstanding the
great increase of bales will be found in the atlantic
section), the market continued strong, and sales to the
extent of 1,000 bales were made without further change
rates. The market on the 15th was affected by the
large arrivals of the preceding day, and the sales did not
exceed 800 bales, for which about an eighth Easier rates
Were accepted. The arrivals continuing large, holders
were more disposed to entertain offers on Tuesday, and
the sales were ext, nded to 2,000 bales, at prices exhibit-
ing a decline of a quarter of a cent from the highest
Point. On Wednesday the business was quite limited,
and the markets felt sensibly the heavy arrivals, amount-
ing to 30.000 bales since Saturday morning. On Thurs-
.°y, buyers for export having a wider choice of samples,
,000 bales were sold at the previous decline. As several
large lists were still on the market unsold, the induce-
IRents to buyers were increased the next day, and the
:transactions amounted to 4,000 bales, the market reco-
vering one halt of the previous decline later in the day.
On Saturday the tables were comparatively clear of
cotton, and the market was strong at the closing prices
of the preceding day, at which 1,500 bales were disposed
of. Yesterday the market presented a quiet aspect, the
sales only amounting to 1,200 bales, buyers feeling that
at present prices they might as well wait later advice The market now stands at about the same line of
prices.
as existed at the departure of the last steamer.
Bread Stuffs-The market for flour and grain rfe; mains in a very languid state, with hardly an inquiry
export-the trade being confined to the home consump-
tion,o and that at this season of the year is usually light.
Since my report of the 9th instant, per Europa, there
has been more disposition to sell flour, and with a light
demand and reports of a dull market in England, prices
have declined about 12ic. per barrel ; common city and
Western are now selling at 5 dolls. 50c. to 5 dolls. 62i c ;
atraight:brands of western and Genessee, 5 dolls. 621 e. to
5 dolls. 75c.; southern kinds, 5 dolls, 44c. to 5 dolls.
boc.; rye flower sells at 3 dolls. 12 }c. to 3 dolls 25c.,
and Jersey corn meal 3 dolls.
Wheat is dull, at 1 doll. 25c. per 60 lbs. for Genessee,
and 1 doll. 10c. to 1 doll. 15c. for Ohio mixed and red.
Indian corn is in light supply, with moderate sales at
66c. to 67c. per 56 lbs. for round yellow, 62c. to 64c. for
flat yellow, and 58c. to 60c. for mixed and white
Southern. Rye is worth 65c. to 66c. Barley 64c. to
650. per 48 lbs. Oats 42c. to 44c. per bushel,
Provisions-Large arrivals from New Orleans, for the
'an seven days, has unsettled the market for ail kinds--
?,,N.,er 20,000 barrels have arrived in the above time.
l'an33 pork is offered at 14 dolls. for Ohio packed; prime
pork 13 dolls. to 13 dolls. 50c. offered; a
andl©
of two
undred barrels of prime pork (cut and packed
here) at 13 dolls. per barrel. Sales of bacon hams for
ettlillerpool (cut and packed here) at 8-1- cents. Small
15 of dolls mes
Ls rk (for Governme) have been made at
.Lard is neglected; a sale of 200 barrels prime
Lteor refiners) at 7 cents., city rendered for the traders at
s• in kegs and tuba. Hams and shoulders have ar-
rived in considerable quantities, and the former bas
6°6 itnewhat given way, say 71c. to Sc. for,hams, and sic. to
le. for shoulders. Beef-prime mess from 11 dolls.
t`e7. to 13 dolls. per barrel-12 dolls. was offered and
used for 300 barrels Chicago mess (uninspected), a;
17 17 dolls. 50c. offered for tierces of prime mess, and
fused. Prime beef nominal at 6 dolls. 75c. to 7 dolls.
f:_e• Butter and cheese rather dull; no change in fact
urmthe last two weeks.
2The rates of freight are to Liverpool for cotton in
quare bales, 5-16 d., and in round 3-Bd. per lb.; flour,
46d.
Per barrel; grain in bulk, 7d. to Bd. per bushel,
27 corn and wheat respectively. To London-2s. Gd. to
tio 9d. per barrel for flour, and other articles in propor-
n• To Ilavre-Cotton, ie. to ie. per lb.
VALPARAISO, Nov. 29.
oflho..sanguine expectations entertained of the results
thiks-,alifornia speculations, so vastly entered into from
eon Port, have procured to Cbilian flags, besides their
,12tant occupations on their own coast, lucrative em-
Luo_YT. ents for about 1,300 tons within the last two
591478, at the rate of 25 dolls. per ton, and there are
three or four Wore veesela to depart ohortlY• The