The Sun.
London, England, 1849-12-19 00:00:00

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. Motell4.

[PRICE SD.

and Jan. 23, one, within the Caledonian Hotel,
dr.......°-'-
'wall.
Wilson, Dunoon, Argyleshire, cattle dealer, to
IDee. 25, and Jan, 16, at one, within the Argyll
, Dunoon.
. Wallace, Glasgow, merchant, to meet, Dec. 24,
and Jan. 14, at twelve, within the Globe Hotel, Glistigo*.
W. Gordon, Aberdeen, advocate and banker, to meet,
Dec. 24, and Jan. 23, at twelve, within the Royal Hotel,
A berdecn.

DEEP S,EA FISHERIES.
TO THE ,EDITOR OF THE SUN.
&RH-Having fully inquired into the circume
stance that has caused the depreciation of
quality in London fieh- market fur several years
back, particularly cod fish, in addition to whet
I before stated, the following particulars will at
once show where the root of the evil rests (as
far as London fish market is concerned), and how
very easily the t might again be resuscitated
anti assume is former state, if the old adage is to be
acted upon—" Tie.t a stitch in tin.e saves nine."
The " London Directory" exhibits x itst of upwards
of, 400 fishmongers and salesmen, Lone of whom, I
am told, have a sfoling's worth of property invested
afloat. There are only afr w fish salesmen (perhaps five
or six) who are on ners of smacks. The fishmongers
having no interest in smsck-property, snd since
way communication reeders :etch facilities to the
coast fisherintn to' send to mrket their along-seore
cod, the fishmongers bekg eer.bled to purchase them
cheaper then the real deep- sea col they do eo, much
to the depreciation le quality ef cud fish in Lued
market. From the pure of Berkieg, a few p ars
since, there were seventy' welled smacks sailettregu-
lady to the Dogger Bank; the. Well Bank, and Other
banks in the North Sea,- engaged in the deep era cod
fishery. Properly speaking, now there are only seven
engaged in that trade. The. greatest .number of the
welled sceacks are either engaged in the trawling
trade, or lung line fishing alongshore.. . .
The deep sea fisheries are' chiefly•carried on with
hand lines—the men holding the lines-- in hand over
the vessel's side, moving them. up and down, con-
stantly on the alert. So soon as a nibble is felt the
line is jerked upwards, when the fish are invariably
hooked by the lip. When the fish is hauled on board
it is little injured. The hook being removed the fish
is put into the well, where it is kept alive. The
welled smack owners finding such a competition
I offered against them when railways were opened, they
found themselves in a manner compelled to alter their
tactics, so as to enable them to hold their ground,
and prevent
,if possible a leeward course. Instead of
engaging the welled smacks in the deep sea codfishery,
they have employed them as trawlers and long line
fishing •along-shore. To keep them as constantly on
the fishing ground as possible, their owners have had
built a-class of fast-sailing dry-bottomed cutters (or
carriers). The duties of these vessels are to attend
upon the smacks at the fishing ground, receive on
board their catchiugs, and then proceed direct to
Billingsgate Fishmarket. This carrying system in
dry. bottomed. vessels from the fishing ground to the
market is a recent idea, it cannot be considered as an
improvement upon the plan that brings fish living
into market. Contrary winds and calms must act
diadvantageously to the dry bottomed carrying
system. Fish ,that are full of spawn, and fish that
have just spawned (such as are invariably eaught
along-shore), are far inferior to those caught in deep
water.

From what has been already shown on this subject
it must appear quite evident that to mend the sore
complained.of is A question that rests almost exclu-
sively with the fishmongers of London to do it in a
very shoit space of time. It is only tor them to give
preference whilst making purchases to such fish that
have been caught in the deep seas, and brought to
market living. If the fishmongers do not act upon
this suggestion, or if a company do not arise to keep
the welled smacks going, I am pretty certain from
present appearances that this day twelvemonth there
will scarcely be a decked welled smack regularly
engaged•in the deep sea codfishery.—l am, &c.
H. DEMPSTER.

PROTECTION AGAINST DEFEC-
TIVE FIREARMS.
TO TEM EDITOR OF THE TIMES.
Sir,—The providential escape from the bursting of
a pair of Messrs. Deane's new steel barrels mentioned
in the Times of today may lead you to turn your
attention to the defective state of the law of proving
gun barrels, and thus induce an amendment iu it, by
which you will most essentially benefit the public.
Few persons are aware of the utter fallacy of the
supp.sed security given by. th Proof-house stamp,
not fro any want of due care of the establishment
(w•lii out, -be the natural supposition), but from
the e that although the Act of l'arlia•
men 18 poses a penalty of 201. on any gun•
maker sellio unproved gun, there is none on a
far mere dangerous practice of modern date, adopted
by some cheep mimitfactuters, technically called
"sweatieg," i e , having barrels bored perhaps at a
gauge of 15 or 16 bore, of the due thicken ss at
which they are proved and stamped as sate:
these tankers, who absurdly pretend to combine
lightness of metal with safety, rebore and file away
the insidts of the barrel to a most dangerous
tenuity, at which they would not again bear a proof
to which they are never submitted before sale,
leaving, however, the apparent guarantee of the proof-
mirk on the outside, but which has really been ren-
dered invalid. I hay? now a letter before the from an
eminent maker at Birmingham, stating that he
witnessed lust .week a reboring for some " light
guninakers," which was reducing barrels proved at
the weigh: of 81b. to 41b.
....

Trusting you may deem this subject not unworthy
of your ►attention, and may lend your powerful aid to
insure some more efficient protection to the public
against the dangers to which they are now exposed,
I am, Sir, your most obedient servant,
Dec. 18. S. C.