The Sun.
London, England, 1849-07-14 00:00:00

£228 16 5

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

Sirt,—lu the great European struggle between liberty
and despotism, right and m'ght, alter Italy has been
oicrificrd, one only hope remains for the children of po-
Utica! regenerati4 41, and it is to rue, Hulot:gat many others.
scurce of satisfaction to see that your valuable jtorrial
still advocates the cause of justice. The cause of Hun
gary is a noble one, and its success gives hope to Poland,
o Germany, to Italy, and to Sicily. I find in your
journal a list of et:writ-ltim; in behalf cf 65 Hungarian
distriots, desirous (but without the means) of joining
their brethren in arirs—!hey appeal to Ent. land tor
.ssistatice, and the appeal is generously responded to.
I, for one, who am no Hungarian, but an advocate of
the oppressed, cheerfully join my sieceresr good wishes
end give my mitt—it is only 10s.. which I remit; it is
drop of water in the wide ocean, but I joyously juin in
.he guest woe k of rods mptiou by giving the very small
•urn that is in my power to give, and add my goodwill,
ii I cat not the deed, and shall heartily re j ice at the

of despotism and the destruction 01 the oppr.s
.ora, my only regret brill that I am not in a position
join foreigners and to ciield a sword for the destrue-
Aun of all tyrants.—l am, Str, yours, &c.,
J. W. HOPKINS.
2, Egerton Grote, Stretford -road, near Mauchester,
July 13, 1849.

CONsERVANuY OF THE RIVER

THA MES.
On Thursday morning the Lord Mayor rind Lady
Ziyorcss, accompanied by a large party, embai keti on
hoard the Aleteor steamer, at the B. uswick 11 hat
Bhickwall, to view the eastern bounottry of the Ci.)
jurisdiction, at Leigh, in the eounty of Essex.
Amongst the company we noticed Mr. Mastermin,
M.P., Mr. Dodd, M.P., Sir Chapman blarst all, Sir
George and Lady Carroll, Sir John Key and Ledy Key,
Alderman Wilson and Mrs. Wil,on, Altel man numb
ohery and Mrs. Litimphery, , Alderman Gittbs, Alderman
limper and Mrs 11,:oper, the Misses Hooper, and Mr.
Hoope-r, Alderman F.trticomb, Ahlermati Lawrence and
Lawrence, Alderman Moon and Mrs. Moon, Alder-
man t ihaliir, Alderman Carden and Miss Carden, Mr.
Sheriff Fitinis and Mrs. Finnic, Mr. Sheriff Goodhart unit
Mrs. Goodbarr, Mr. Hill, Mr. Deputy entail, Mr.
Deputy Peacock, Mr. Deputy Onbard, Mr. Richaid
Taylor, Mr. Simpson, Mr. R. L. Jones, Mr. Jo s, Mr.
Low, Mr. Norris, Mr. Darin, Mr. Nichol (Shy mitt'
Mr. and Mrs. Wire, Miss Baxter, Mr. W. S. Hale, Ni.
Shearman, Mr. Firth, Mr. St:well, Mr. Ryland, Mr.

Holt, the Rev. Mr. Colin and Mrs. Catlin, Mr. Gabriel
acd Mrs. Gabriel, Mr. Davis, and other members of the
Common Council.

The steamer left Blackwell about half-past eleven
o'clock, and having taken in the Royal Marine Band at
Woolwich, proceeded on her voyage to Southend, re-
ceiving at every place the highest marks of respect.
She arrivtd at Southend-pier about three o'clock, and
the Lord Mayor, Lady Alayoress, and a large portion of
the company landed. The Lord Mayor, attended by
the aldermen, Mr. Firth, Mr. Sewell, and route of the
civic authorities, proceeded in carihrgea tvwards Leigh,
ut arty opposite to which, on the shore, the boutidsry-
st is situated, tin arriving at the b tut,d 11y-stunt%
About two utiles trout Southend, his Lotdsttip direeteu
to, City colours taut state sword to be placed the. t on,
;IA artcr asserting his right as eolist-rv:at.r or the lute. r
t'hames, uu behalt ut the city of Loedoo, itv ptet.cription
and usage from time item.-ruurial, his Lordship ditectcti
the water-bailiff, as sur,conscrvutor, to cause his itani
t;tol tLe date of his visit to be inscribed on the boundary-
stone.

111 C LORD MAroit then drank, " Gcd preserve the
City of Loudon," the inscription on the ancient cone;
and atter distributing coin slid wine to some of the
spectators, retuned to the steamer.
The boundariei of the City in this direction air
visiod septennially, and the visit provided tor by qiccial
grant.

Dating the absence of Ma Lordship, a large part of
the co ,pany, who had remaiwed ou board the stranwr,
parto4 k of a splendid (imam., sured up in admirable
st) le by Mr. King.
On the steamer leaving Southend pier, the Lord
Nla)or 11,116 saluted with loud cheers, and the Met. ot
oroereded actoss to Sheerness and up the !Ueda.).
Shortly after the Lord Ma) or at.d ttie rest of the pa.)
*hid' had landed at SouKilitt, at down to dinner,

.crved in the ustal style ; and it is impossible to refit et
upon the admirable wanner in which all the artatige-
wents were nib& and e.rried out, and a very large party
supplied with ail the delicacies of the sekouti from ihe
resources on board a steamer of nut vary large al-
meNbions.

Toe voyage up the River M,dalsy was truly delight-
ul and on . approaching Chatham, the crew of one 01
tier Wjesty's chips manned the rigging, stud loudly
ch' erect +he steamer. ekyard launches were also
out on duty. aid the trews poising their oars, hailed the
arrival of his Lordship with chi t rs, which were wat mly
e,ponded to by the company on the tt,atner, the Land
playing " God save the Queen." " Rule Britannia,"
Hearts of Oak," and the British Gr. outliers."
About eigk o'clock the Meteor reached R.chester,
and the Lord Mayor and Lady Mayoress landed in his
Lordship's launch.
A t the steps the Mayor and Corporation of the ancient
city of Roellester, accompanied by the Recorder, Jewes
Espinsts, Esq., met the L ,rd Mayor and the Lady
Mayoress, anti offeted them a hearty welcome. .H.L.
Lordship was then conducted to the Clown Hotel, whets
a large party partook of tea, and accommodations were
o,v/tett at the other hotels fur the remainder of the

_ -- -
company.
0,, kriday the Lord Mayor, after visiting another of
the City boundaries, on the Medway, will enfertaio the
mayor and Corporation of Rochester at dinner, and the
festivities of the day will corelude with a ball in tht
evening at the Victoria H„td.

SEAMEN's HOSPITAL Socicrir .—Yesterday after-
noon a court of the governors of this institution was held
at the premises, 74, King William-street; Rear. Admirai
Bowles, M.P., in the chair. The urinates having been
read at confirmed, the secretary read the report, it
avpeared that since the lust u3eeting some smut' big,„ts,
and one cote iderable one of 500/. under the will of efts.
tste Mr. hunt, had been left. The Dreadcought hos-
pitah ship being in want of repair. application was made
to the Admiralty tor a ship to do duty while she was
dock, d. Their Lordship at first appointed the Cam-
perdown, a very much larger vessel than the Dread-
nought, but after some further c tinnurtication they had
sub,tituted the Devonshire, which vessel WKS now on the
station. Since the Ist of April to the 30:h of • June,
1849-542 patients had been received-22 from her
Majesty's ships, and 520 from British and foreign mer-
chant ships, aid this number, added to the patients al-
ready on board, wade a total of 692. Of these 140
wt re still sick, two convalescent, two fit for duty, and
548 had been discharged. The total number of ptieni
y.cetv, d up to the present time toneueted to 59.918.
li,t,igenia, which was retained as an hospital ship
ter cholera patients, had now nine cases on board. The
cash account stated the quarterly donations to be 2IBL
16s. 2d.; the subscriptions were, 6681. Bs.; the dividends
n meek, £95/. 5,.; merchant seamen'; moneys, 108/ os.
101 ; flees under the 7th and Bth Victoria, chap. 112,
34/ 10s. 3 ; uhulaitned un, p. rt.), 3/. 0-. 3 ; gals g
cowl 0 2 4721 124. lot. To. t f.it
short of this sum b) 3301. 17s. 7a. This report was re
calved and adopted, and after tranbaotiog some routine
business the meeting separated.

LITE RAT Ultb.
THE BANKERS' MAGAZINE.

The. excellent " Letters to a Branch Manager" are
coo inueO in this number, %Nell also contains a well-
written paper " On the Compatibility of Intellectual
Improvement v.ith the Successful Prosecution of
Business," besides the usual banking and railway
intelligence of the month.

THE WESTMI STER AND FOREIGN

QUARTERLY. Nos. CI and LXXXVI
A superior interest is attsched to two eniong the
eight principal contributions to the Westminster
jthese two are political, bosh foreign, one relating to the
French Republic, the other to the Hungarian Republic.
The latter, for a thousand reasons, is more peculiarly
to our taste, the former verging, if anything, upon
a personality that in one or two instances might
almost be; designated scurrilous. There is no ques-
tion whatever hilt that the arguments of the reviewer,
to the effect that a violent reaction has followed the
revolutionary explosion, are correct, and that
•this reactionary !nose merit has met with encourage
inetit from the Government of Louis Napoleon
Bonaparte—hut it is decidedly questionable (to our
coati knowledge it is decidedly calumnious) to vilify
the private character of the Prioce President—to de-
preciate his intellect—to reprobate his conduct for
its immorality—and to depict him as a besotted
faineant, divined between habitual debaucheries
and dreams of imperial despo,isin. Such lie is not.
Intellectually he is no Ferdinand. Morally he is
no commixture of Tiberius and Sardanapalus. Con-
' trusted with his immortal uncle, he undoubtedly
shrinks into a pigmy. But what descendent
of any dynastic hero would not appear in-
significant beside the Colossus of Modern Times,
beside the most wonderful man who ever inhabited
the globe ? In spite, however, of the accident of his
birth, in spite of being the nephew of an Emperor
and the son of a King, in spite of remaining almost
from childhood the undisputed representative of the
most extraordinary firnily now living, not-
withstanding the remembered foibles of a youth
whose smallest blemishes were revealed by
the glare of glory which surrounded his fortunes, in
spite of the blunders of his manhood, to which the
greatest minds are occasionally liable,—Charles Louis
Napoleon Bonaparte has nevertheless displayed
' throughout his chi quered career qualities en-
titled at least to respect, if not to admira-
tion. Of his moral and- physical courage no
one has ever presumed to doubt; that quality
having proved hereditary in all those who possess the
glorious name of Bonaparte. His personal valour,
indeed, has keen seen at intervals to rise to the height
of a rashness so extreme as to &pose many to regard
his mind as slightly touched with insanity. It is not,
however, to his bravery in danger that we would so
much direct attention, as it is to the admirable en-
durance di-played by him under affliction, and the
serenity with which he has encountered many
terrible vicissitudes. 1V hen incarcerated for six
ears in the fortress of Henn he consoled bins
self in his solitude by dispensing charities
among the neighbouring villagers, and in the
composition of his ingenious and generous,_ it
somewhat impracticable, " Treatise on the Ex-
. tinction of Pauperism." The cordiality with
which he has pledged himself to uphold the
republican institutions is worthy of consideration
in one who has twice attempted to seize the
imperial diadem, and especially when it is remem-
bered that he. pledged himself to uphold the present
system of Democratic Government at the very mo-
ment when the waves of popularity seemed to
carry him up towards the realisetion of his
loftiest ambition. Beyond this, the President
Louis Napoleon has entitled hirbeelf to the
applause of all honourable hearts for the good
qualities he has evinced since the period of his induc-
tarn to the Palace of the Ely see National. In his
pimps and his power he has not forgotten those who
we-re his friends in exile and misfortune. Neither
has he remembered the opposition encountered
by him in former times and under ditierent
circumstances horn those who were his personal
ens tries and antagonists. Because such appeared to
promise good to his country, he has nominated M.
Dutisure his Ali, i,rer fur the Hoine, Department,
although M. Dulaure was the very man who, during
the dictatorship of Csivaignac, opposed the can-
didateship of Louis Napoleon by means not strictly,
morally, or even legally or constitultinally justifiable.
As another gage de reconciliation, he dispatched
Oudinot us the commander-in-chief of the ex-
peditionary army against Nazzini and his
-comrades, although the souvenirs of a Bona-
pare must have rendered tbe very name of Oudtnot
odious as a sytioe3 me fur treachery and ingratitude.
As to the sneers against the French Pre-iiient, to the
effect that his intellect is not removed a hair's breadth
above the level of mediocrity—those sneers are proved
to_ be - ania-hied, not merely by the clever and
humane Treatise before , mentioned,— hilt also
io a special manner by a work on the
military science worthy of the advanced
knowledge and experience of the nineteenth cen
tury, and—greatest praise of ulll—not unworthy
of a Bonaparte. The following sentence is so ad-
, !likable as expressive of the real nature of the revo•
lution of February, that we transcribe it without
comment :

" The ino,t material fact to hear in mind is, that the
igticrninious expulsion of Louis Philine in February
was.the smallest part of the revolution. The fall of a
dynasty for.wWeli noboJy curd was ittelt a circutn-
stance of absolute insianificance. It was the financial
crisis that followed which c nvulsed France, tuined
itiALotry, changed the entire character of the movement,
—at first one of national unity and exultation,—into
feelings of bitterness atod party hostility, brought into
play the worst passions of human name, and kindled
the firebrands of civil war."

It is very well argued by the Westminster Reviewer
that the Provinional Government were not only jus-
tified in authorising the Bank of France to suspend
its payments in specie, and of making its notes a
legal tender, but that without that measure society,
property, the whole affairs of the country, must have
been at once and most dismally wrecked. The
real inistdre of thAe great patriots who paved France
in February, anti who defended not only France but
cisidi at t►
ovLlir,g oft -e r
the
direct
eetott their lives,
axesrarthe in 3 June
ear, w
for
the
the
purpos.- ut ulakiug up the deficit lilt by the depraved
.
d.-pitrted monarchy. Upon this point the 'West-
minster argues thus:—

is t:tloodboinleo‘rt:pstmaitt Intirtucefewret tthoe Lalupouorf.
money'N
Ibing power vier eomm.dities) is, in tact, not a
loaning merely, but a quadrupling of the burden, and
atucmuis 111 many CUStli 10 U eontheation of all the tax.
payer may be worth. For example, a farmer, we will
suppose, pays his taxes, in oruinary years, by the sale of
100 fleeces of wool. A panic comes,—no money is to Ix
got; he is obliged to make a fenced sale, tr,cl parts with
200 fleeces of wool to raise the satne amount. The panic
tout oaks; Govcrnmettt duob!es his taxes, and he has to
bell 400 fleeces of w, of to dibetibtge the obligation. We
may thus abily /WC()lila for the short-iiv,d populittity of
the leading men of the revolution."

There is very considerable truth in this manner of
explaining the sudden ut,porulari!y which has be-
fallen tt,e pure, the great, the patriotic, and noble-
hearted ataresinan of February. in one instance—
the first and tort most of all—the tide of unpopularity,
is beginning to turn. France begins to feel her ingrati-
tude t.) Lainartine. The depa! tment of Loiret has nobly
'ranked its homage for his genius and patriotism try
._letting him it representative. The paper on Hungary
is a cleverand Hcell copal& red epitome of the.records of
the race of the Alagyars from th,•earliest tim,s down to
their latest victory. As the first article for the Westmin-
siir, vi,e find a genial, but rather tedious analy sis of one
or two of Alfred Tennyson's must exquisite poems,
among these " CEnone," and—the gem of alibis comps,-
sitions--" Lock.ley 1101. ' In addition to these con-
tribu!ions, we have an account of Layard's wonderful
antiquarian discoveries in "Ancient Assyria," a
detini!ion of the prevailing character of the
" Literature of the Middle Ages," an excellent
chapter on "Botany," a narrative of the phenomena
attending "Earthquakes in New Zealand," and an
essay on " Freeloid Assurance and Colonization,"
together with the usual criticisms on foreign litera-
ture, and critical and miscellaneous notices.

NEW DISSENTING COLLEGB.—An important 1011a-
cure which has long been in agits:ion for the improve-
ment of education among the Independent body of Dis-
senters, is at length likt ly to be carried into effect. The
Independents have tor many years past supported in the
neighbourhood of the metropolis three separate insti-
tutions for the education especially of theological stu-
dents, namely, Homerton, Highbury, and Coward col-
leges; but the trustees and committees of theseinstitu-
tion. have wisely resolved no longer to divide their
strength and distract their energies, but to unite these
three so as to form one really efficient college, with a
larger staffof paoteseors than were connected with the
olden colleges. and with a more exttnded course of study
in the various hrtmehes of theology, literature, . and
scitnce. An eligible it ue of ground has been purchased
.for the site of the nt-w college it, St. J wood, at the
Junction of the avenue and Finchley roads; and it is
expected that the building will be complettli by the au-
tumn of next year. This will account for the tale of
Highbury and Homertcn, which some of our contain-
poraries aunouixt-d a :bort time since as ominous of the
ductease of dissent.

GAS MONOPOLY.—Last evening a meeting of the
r‘acit,e:arpte7;e:seu7sidd.g,rasaned“casduompers of Mnrylebone was held
at the Literary Inatituti,n, Ettaaid-street, Portman-
t• e M ary h barge VI airy I(' Ighreanbt"lit eillr=loolllinfdoureithge
Western Gas Company to by down their pipes through-
out the parish, open just awl r• ast,nable terms. Mr. G.
13i.scon presided, aud explained the ape's of the meet-
ing. Resolutions were pa,:sed, pledging the meeting to
th,etbeir beat lidi-uv..urai with the vestry to allow the
eTrimul in ci,estion to extt nd their perations to
%; letaale. 'I t, ageeting. utler a vote of ititat.ks to the
vh srrarateit.
CLOSE or THE Sr ssioN.—Rutuour about the Houses
of Put liament fixes Thursday, the 2d of Aud,ut.t, as the
day on which the minion is to terminate.

THE GRANJi JURY SYSTEM.

One of our most ancient institutions, which has

been rather affectionately than merely respectfully
adhered to, is that of trial by jury. It has outlived
all the storms and turmoils ton hich, in the course of
centuries, our island has been subjected, politically
and socially: and, conscious of its general good tem-
dency, we yet extend to it many a tribute of deserved
praise. In the lapse of s ears, however, certain
attendants upon the system have become • f ques-
tionable worth, more particularly wh-n, for purposes
of every-day convenience and practical utility, the
functions originally, and still, attached to them, have
come to be perfortned by a different agency. We
allude more eTecially to the functions of grand jury-
men at assiv,ta and sessions, which, in large cities, are.
now so completely vetted in the bands of other au-
thorities, that many persons, anxious to- have the
administra'ion of the law rendered simple and
unerring, have for long entertained grave doubts
whether their continued exercise, under the grand
jury system, not us. less at the best, if not in certain
cases positively uyelyss.
In the me,ropolis, a perception that the secretly
performed chutes of grand. jurors are much bitter
performed in public by competent nuagistriees, has
gradually attained additional clearness ; until we now
find even learned sergeants and chairmen at quarter
sessions congratulating jurymen on the probable dis-
continuance of their "grand" institution under the
provisions of a Bill now before Parliament, which is
limit« d, however, to the jurisdiction of the Central
Criminal Court.
At the pre-sent day, whenever public questions are
mooted in London which likewise affect either popu-
lous communities, no long period elapses before they
are canvassed in the provinces also. Far, there-
fore, are we from feeling any surprise that the
utility of grand inquests, summoned to inves-
tigate only half-way into what other parties
have alteaely sifted thoroughly, should have
become matter of controversy in the grand-jury room
of Bristol; and not surprised, assuredly we are nut
dismayed at the occurrence. The subject was intro-
duced during the sittings of the present week, and a
" minute" was drawn up expressing the unanimous
opinion of the grand jury upon the non-necessity of
their conjoint gathering "in such a questionable
shape." The following is a copy of the document :
" Grand Jury-room, Guildhall, Bristol, July 4, 1849.
" Befure separating, we, the grand jury, are desirous
of offering a few brief remarks on the question of how
far the services of grand juries are adapted to the pre-
sent times.

" It is a serious thing to compel twenty-three men to
leave their own engagements for several days for any
ervice, but when that service is not only of questionable
utility, but may prove worse than useless, it becomes an
oppressive bur then.
"Of whatever use these correctives of magisterial
errors may have been in bygone times, we believe they
are now useless. We cannot look back upon the last
three days and comfort ourselves with the belief that, in
uur !miserable position of grand jurymen, we have been
able to do anything which, but fur the present form of
law, might not have been as well, or better, done without
us, to save the time ef the court, or in any way to facili-
tate the ends of justice.
" The undesirableness of continuing this system at the
peseta day having already aroused the grand jurors of
London, we have Let n induced to follow their example.
" Public opinion, and the press, as its organ, are now
all-powerful; and no titlarks case of committal on false
grounds, or of injustice in any shape, can occur without
being speedily denounced.
"With theze views, we trust the time is not far distant
when we may be relieved from the • ffice or grand jury-
men, feeling teltectly satisfied that the right and liber-
ties of our fellow-citizens may be safely reposed in the
maids of the twelve good men and tat o-, without whose
unanimous verdict of of guilty no freeman shall be hurt
in either his p eson or property.'"
The above was iot put ii the form of a present-
ment, but, signed by the chairman on behalf of the
jury, it was handed into court in the hope that it
might be read. Such -a proceeding, however, it tip-
peared, would be irregular; and, frotn certain indica-
tions, it bring surii•is,:d that the views of the court,
on the question, were probably not in unissn with
those of the jurors, the latter contented themselves
with entering the document in their minute- boJc.
The mode of action of grand juries is entirely ex
parte. All that they profess to d;-terrnine, aye or
no, is whether there he such prima facie evidence
of probable guilt that an accused party shall be
called upon to answer the charge made against him.
Now this is done entirely upon the evidence
against the accused, who is not present, is conse-
quently not beard, and is not permitted to offer a
tittle- of evidence, even at second hand, in an-
swer to the allegation ; and yet one professed object
of the system is to save from the odium of open trial
men against whom there is not at least a prima facie
case—the case contra to that of the accuser never,
under any circumstances, being heard ! But what
the grand jury do not do, and have not the
power to do, another tribunal has already ac-
complished. The —c-c—ise- been investigated
by the magistrates, the depositions of the wit-
eeises, on oath, have been taken down, the prisoner
has been allowed (after being duly cautioned that
what he says may afterwards be issued against hits)
to give his own explanation, and to have the assist-
ance, in cross-examining his accuser and his wit-
nesses, of a competent legal gentleman ; and it is not
until all this has been completed (sometimes only
after several protracted examinations), that the
justices determine whether or no there is reasonable
ground for commitment for trial. Well then
cornea the farce—for at the present day we
can give it no more dignified designation—of calling
upon a grand jury to decide the same question after
hearing only one side of the case! Greater proof of
the unrespscted and fictitious character of grand jury
investigations cannot be afforded than is given by the
impatience often manifested by the court to have
"bills" rlturned, and by the ready dispatch with
which fifty or sixty cases are disposed of by the grand
inquest in much less than half as many hours.
But a grand jury may be more than unnecessary
or useless. The body may be made the instrument
of oppression—innocently instrumental, of course—
and of actually thwarting the course of public justice.
It should he remembered that, as the grand inquest

is a secret tribunal, there is no check upon a corrupt
witne:,s: he knows he cannot be indicted for perjury
fur what he utters there: and facts may be so con-
mlled or distorted as iiometinies to determine the jury

to say " theie is no case for trial," thereby dekaling,
instead of promoting, the ends of justice.
It was pointed out by the chairman at the Mid-
dlesex session, no longer ago than Tuesday last,
;hat a maliciously-disposed person might convert
the system into an instrument for working out
feelings of revenge and spite, by preferring a
gill before a grand jury " altogether without the
intended vieim having the le..st knowledge of
what he was about to do, and might get a true bill
found against him for any pretended crime; and
aithougn the innocence of the victim might be clearly
established upOn the trial, yet the object of the pro.,
seoutor would llive bet n fully graitied by the an-
noyance and temponay degradation which a trial
in a criminal court must of necessity create."
Die jury are herein the victims of the system.
They mean no harm, but they are bound to
decide only upon ex-parte evidence, and hence their
lability to err upon the bare insinuations of any one
v‘ ho prefe7s a bill. Nor has the wrongly-accused
any remedy (as the chairman further remarks)
"against his perjured persecutor, because the pro-
ceedings of a grand jury are these of a secret tribu-
nal." Maay indictments, it is well known, are pre-
ferred, or intimation given that they will be
preferred, again,t parties who are alleged
to keep gaining or stilt less reputable houses,
tor the sole purpose of extorting money from
the owners and occupiers; and thus the sys•
tern further encourages practices of the basest de
scription. Only la.t year, three respectable indivi-
duals were indicted, before Mr. Baron Alderson, for
;Itt
when hen the Lccused,
grand jury having
trOertguilt;igedtbe6. signature g rtiraut ue r ebill
standing in the felons' dcck,l- adyleuled " not guilty,"

it was found that no prosecutor was forthcoming,

and that the jury had returned a true bill fo-r.
forgery without. the original will having been pro-
duced before them. Now if this case had come
before the magistrates, and undergone their unre-
ostnreicmtedomescnrt o
scrutiny,
en have thought fiir
the Learned Baron remark—" It now seemed to
be the fashion to go behind people's backs and
swdirniugldit theytor trial? Well might
make charges against them a practice which is
clearly encouraged and promoted, however uninten-
tionally bj the grand jury system. And yet that
system, some supposed collateral advantage, is de-
fended by the judges : Lord Denman, for instance,
remarking—" Lean see no benefit produced by grand
juries but the co-operation of the middle and higher
classes in the administration of justice; but this I.
estimate very highly, and hope it may be preserved
through all changes, by some means or other."
There is another trievure before Parliament en-
titled " The Juvenile Offenders and Small Larcenies
Bill," on which, we proposed to comment in connexion
with the foregoing ; hut this must wait another
opportunity."— Bristol Mercury.

ENCLOSURE OF COMMON LANDS.—.A. Bill brought
in by Mr. C. Lewis and Sir George Grey (the Commons
Enclosure No. 2 Bill), authorises the Enclosure Com-
miosioners of England and Wales to proceed with the
enclosure of the following lands, as proposed by them,
Harmon, in the county of Radnor; Loxton, in
the county of Somerset; Swantangton, Brandiston, and
Haverlatid, ia the county o! Norfolk; Brasted Chart, in
the county of Kent; Saint lye Down, in the county of
Cornwall • Creigby ther, in the county of Radnor; y
and Crawley, in the county of Oxford; Rumburah-com•
won, in the county of Suffolk; I lailshsm, Hellingly, and
thi.gtoti, in roe count) of Su,-ex; Biust..sd, in the
linty of Sou hampton; Calder, Cro. wit
Biikby, in the county of Cumberland`; RotherwiLk, in the
county of Southampton; Brockley, Bonfield, Long-green,
and Bradfield St. George, in the county of Suffolk.

MARKET INTELLIGENCE.
(From the London New Piice Current, July 13.)
SUGAR.—To day importers of West India again sub-
mitted to rather lower rates, makirg the full for the
week 64 to is per cwt. The quantity sold amounted to
665 hhds, &e., including 34 hhds 118 brls Jamaica at
public sale, which sold at 37s 6d to 39s for low and good
pillows. and 36s for lair brown; 28 hhclsßerbice realised
36s for brown.

REFINED.—To-day the Refined Sugar market pre.
timed a dull aspect, and lower rates were accepted:
brown lumps selling at 50s to 50. 6d. and fair grocery
51s to 51s 6d per cwt. ' Bonded Crushed Sugar was in
good demand at 29s to 303, and loaves at 34s to 36s for
6, 10, and 14 lbs. Hambro. To•dsy at public sale, 1,080
boxes of Foreign Sugar Candy 'were mostly taken in,
pale straw at 70s to 7-3 s, brown and yellow 52s to 65s
per cwt.

MAuurnus.—This afternoon little desire was evinced
to operate in Mauritius Sugar. Of 7;877 bags offered
at 'minim sale, a small part only sold at barely former
rates; yellow want at froth 36s to 41s 6d, brown 33s to
to 35s 6d, grey 369 to 395, grainy yellow 41s to 41s 6d,
and white 46s to 46s 6d per eat.
EAST INDIA.—This afternoon at the public sales of
7,482 hap Bengal prices gave way Ed p'r cwt, hut the
whole sold, tine while Benarea at 42s to 435, middling to
good 39s to 41s, low dingy 38a to 38s 6d, fair and fine
soft yellow 366 6d to 39,, and strong white 47s to 48i
per cwt.

FonFrox.—Two parcels Havannah in bond amounting
to 4,516 chests, were submitted to public competition
yesterday, and mostly sold at and after the sales at
steady rates ; middling to good yellow realised 22s to
235, and ordinary 20s to 21s, and damaged 20s to 22s ;
ot 500 pkgs Porto Rico a uriall tart only found buyers,
at 42s to 43s 6d tor tine yellow, and other sorts at 393
to 41s 6d per cwt. The private operations in Foreign
Sugar tor the week are only 2,000 bags brown Pernam-
buco at 19s sd, and a-Eilger" of Muscovado at the same
price.
MOLASSES —For West India the market has been
in a quiet state this week, and former rates are not
to be obiainrd. By private treaty only small parcels
have been sold, and at auction 100 casks were taken
in, Barbadoes at 20s to 21s, St. Vincents and Antigua
20s per cwt. East India Treacle at 16s 6d to 17s
per cwt.
COFFEE.—This afternoon a fair business was concluded
in Native Ceylon Coffee by private treaty, but at rather
lower rates, good ordinary selling at 34s 61 to 355; none
was offered at public sale. For Plantation the market is
quiet, and 51 casks at auction went rather cheaper—
middling at 52s to :535, low middling 48s to
495, fine fine ordinary 45s to 47s 6d, tine ordinary
41s to 445, ordinary triage:32s; .50 pkgs Jamaica sold
rather under former rates, fine fine ordinary at 41s to
443 6d, fine ordinary 38s to 40s, good ordinary 34s to
375, and triage 26st 18 bales Mocha went at 53s for
middling brownish.

Cocoi—Thin afternoon at public sale 500 bags
Guayaquil cocoa were taken in at 28s 6J per cwt, being
above the value.

Txa.—A greater demand has been experienced for the
lower sorts of Conlon this week. Prices have again
slightly improved, and suppli:i; are barely sufficient for
dealers' wants. Sales to a fair extent are made in better
kinds, and upon full terms ; holders evince firmness.
We quote ordinary and good common at 8d to 9d ;
mixed black, 9id to lOid; blackish leaf, lld to is ell;
ditto strong is Id to is -3d, and pekoe flavour
Is 4d to is 10d. A steady demand exists for Souchong
at is to is 10d, and superior 2s to 2s 9d. Holders of
Green displayed firmness, and last week's quota-
tions are well sustained; purchases to a fair extent
have been made, the loafer sorts selling the most
freely; Gunpowder, Canton kind at Is 4d to la 7d,
Upson sort Is Id to 4s, Imperial Is 6d to 3s, Canton
kind Is to is sd; ilyson ord sad good ord Is to Is 2d,
better sorts is 3d to rii-Ind;-fine 2s to 3s, Twaukay 5d
to 7d, bolter s,.rts 8:1 to Is, Hyson skin 8d to is 61, and
Caper 7d to is 6d per lb.
lircE.—Of Bengal a large quantity has been pressed
upon the attention of buyers this sieek, and prices de-
caned 3d per cwt, the home and export demand havitig_
been limited, vp,cially for infeti,n. sorts. At auction
8.131 bags and 201 packets were offered, when rather
mote than halt sold; broken white at 7s: 6.1 to 83 mid-
dling Ss 6d to 9s Ci per cwt. East India good to fine
93 6:1 to 113, and d imaged 6s 6d to 9s 6d r cwt. Tim
supply still continues chit fly of inf,rior kind;; privately
other sorts met with little attention, and only 500 bags
Madras were sold at auction at 8s 6d t 0.93 per cwt
white. Only a limited demand exists for Cleaned
Rice, still the value remains at 20s to 25s for town dressed
Carolina, arid at 12s to 20s for low to fine Patna. From
America several parcels are near at hand, and sellers are
willing to accept 18s to 20s per cwt. Of Bermuda Ar-
rowroot 11 packages at auction sold at is to is 4d; 2
ditto Jamaica 6id; 18 boxes 10 bags E. I. 4d to 4id
per lb. Iu Sago sales to a fair extent have been made
by private treaty at 18s to 23s for low to fine. Sago
Flour is yet in scanty supply, and is wanted at 173 to

7s 6d per cwt. - -
tt,ricEs.---There is mill much inquiry after Cassia

Liguea, and former rates are readily paid. At auction
200 chts went at 96s 6ti to 98s per c wt for rood mid and
good first and si cond pile, and mid 93s 6d to 946 6,1.
Black Pepper—At auction 700 bags of Sumatra were
>old at 211 to 21 i for clean rifted, and damaged 21d to
214; 1 990 robins, and 875 b .gs of Allepy. sound 20 to
21,1, and damaged 21ii to 21,1 per lb. White is wantcd and
in scanty suppl) ; prices rule from 5J to 9d for common
to fine. Of Pimento none has been offered at auction
this we,-lr, by private treaty, however, sevtral parcels
have been sold at 311 to 4isl per lb, at which the market.
is firm. Cloves are wit..ted Bencoolen_ at la 4(1 to

s Bd, Amboyna. is to Is 2J, a.,urbon and
ZaLz•bar, 7/d to 8/ I, and the supply is getting smaller.
Citeutnou is held for last quarterly sa es rates; few
buyers are to be met with:"'-Mace is in good request. and
there is a firm market; prices rule from 2s to 2s 9.1 p, r
lb. In Nutmcgs sales to a f.,ir extent have been made,
and the supply is smaller than last week. For brown
prices rule ut 2s 6d to 3, 101, and limed 2a to 2s 9d per•
lb. To-day at public tale 14 pkga of Jamaica Ginger
were s Id at 62s to 1503 per cwt for low middling to
good, being the lull value.
SPIRITS.—Of Leeward Island several parcels
have been sold this week, and at better prices; is 5d
to Is 6d per gallon having been paid for proof,
and the market looks firm. East India has improved
in value, and a fair business has been concluded
at is 31 to is 4d proof. The supply is also smaller.
Demerara met with a fair sale at 2s to 2s 3d
for 30a to 40 per cent over proof,, and there are not free
sellers. In Jamaica operations are upon a larger
scale for all purposes, but good and fine sorts are the
moat in request; prices are well supported for all kinds
this week. The value of 20 to 29 per cent over
proof is from 2s 2d to 2s SJ, 30 to 36 over 2s 6d
to 3s 3d, choice marks 3s 4d to 4s per gallon.
For Brandy the marktu, looks firm, and a good trade has
been concluded—Cognac best brands of the vintage 1843
tit 3s 6d to 3s Bd, 1847 4s 3,1 to 4s 51, 1846 5s 3d to
5s sd, 1845 3s 81 to 5s 101 inferior sorts 2s 3d to 3s 6d,
and Bourdeaux 2s to 2s 2d. Geneva is held with firm-
ness at Is 93 to Is ioa for ordinary, and fine Si to 3s
3d. British made Spirit unaltered in value.
SALTPETRE.—To day there were sellers of rough
rather under former rates; still there was less demand.
Of 3,240 bags Calcutta off, red at auction a small part
only sold-8i to 10i per cent.. refraction 25s 6d, 51 ditto
265, 3 to 4 ditto 261 6d, 151 ditto 25s 61 per cwt.
COCHINEAL.—To day at auction 180 bags of Cochineal
were offered and all sold; black at 3s 91 to 5s 3d—these
are lower rates by 3d to 4d; silvera wt nt 3s 7d to 4s 241,
Mexican silvers 3s 7d to 3i-81, and black 3s 7d to 3s 10d.
INDIGO.—Today 1,123 chats (including 243 with-
drawn the first day) have passed the sale. Good and
fine shipping aorta -entitinue neglected, and sell
heavily, averaging barely last sales valua-
tions. Good consumers and mid defective ship-
pers sell readily at an advance of 2d to 31, whilst
ord and low remain without al...ration. Dry leaf
Madras has been in fair demand at about May sale's
prices, and a few marks ut mid Kurpahs sold with sprit
it the last sale's prices to 3d advance. 4,259 chests have
now passed the hammer, of which 582 have been
bought in, and 739 withdrawn, leaving 2,938 sold.
OILS.--There are sellers of Rape Oil at rather lower
rates, but only smell purchases have been made; pale at
36s' 61, brown 35s 6d, and foreign at 37s to 38s
per cwt. For delivery sales can be made; rather
under those previous. Linseed Oil cannot be quoted
dearer ; there has been a good horn,, demand, and ex-
porters have taken Fevers! pa. e..ls at 25a 9;1 to 26s
per cwt. Only a limit• d hu-iiie,s has been concluded
f r delivery at 26s 3d to 28s 3d, atal there is not a
larger supply, and Consumption is not smaller. Olive is
n a much wanted. Gallipoli is to be obtained at 391
10 to 42/, and other saris 271 to 291; a further increase
is al ,o apparent in the stuck. There is a good demand
for Palm, and prices rule firm at 29s to 30s per ewt for
flute; the supply is also moderate. Cocoa Nut is yet
little wanted; a desire is evinced to sell at 34s to 36,,
and inferior 30s to 335: the stock is yet large, but con-
sumption is getting better. For Sperm there is a firm
market, and purchases to a fair extent made; fine British
is worth 751 to 75110 s per tun, and supply is not larger.
The value of Headmaster is 751 to 761. Holders of
Seal have confidence, and of pale several parcels have
been sold at 311 103 to 321 on the spit, and at 311 for
arrival. Other kinds are in steady request, straw and
tinged at 291 103 to 301. For Cod Oil a good demand
has been Experienced, and the market is firm at 271105

to 281 per tun.
TALLOW.—To-day Tallow was in briskerdemand, and
the public sales went at stiffer rates; 1,150 packages
South American sold at 33s to 33s 6d, and 250 casks
Sydney at 35s 3d to 38s.

BANK OF ENGLAND.
(From last night's Gazette.)
An Account, pursuant to the Act 7th and Bth of Victoria, cap. 32, for
the Week ending on Saturday, the 7th day of July, 1849.
ISSUZ DrrARTMENT.

Notes i55ued........ 28,072,895

Government debt •• 11.015,100
Other securities •..• '2,984,900
Gold coin and bullion 13,796,326
Silver bullion .. •• •• 276,569

£28,072,895

1 £ 28,072,895
J. R. ELSEY, Deputy-Cashier.