The Sun.
London, England, 1849-07-04 00:00:00

MINORITY-NOES, 37.

Anson, Colonel Fox, Richard M. Ricardo, J. L.
Bellew, R. M. Holly burton, Lord J. Salwcy, Colonel
Berkeley, C. L. G. Ilawes, Benj. Stansfield, W. R. C.
Birch, Sir Thomas Ilayter, W. G. Stuart, Lord D.
Bouverie, E. P. Hobhouse, T. B. Stuart, Lord J.
Brand, Thomas Heppe], George.T. Thompson, Colonel
Bunbury, E. H. Howard, Sir It. Thompson, George
Cavendish, C. C. Manners, Lord G. Thoniely, T.
Cavendish, G. If. Marshall, William Wilson, James
Cavendish, W. G. Matheson, Colonel
Craig, W. G. MelguHd, Viscount Tr.LLEas.
Dundas, Admiral Milner, W. M. Mangles, IL D.
Evan;, Sir De Lacy Mostyn, E. Peellell, Captain
Filmer, Sir E. Pearson, Charles

THE CONQUEST OF CANADA. BY THE AUTHOR
OF " HOCHELAGA."—" This new work gives US a com-
plete history of the settlement of North America, to
the destruction of the French powerbylVolfe. by
os
gflotrhieoulsasvticcteonrtyu,royn. ttiveehn
plainsvo s moat ot.Ab harn,she middle
interesting
account 1
settlementr by the oFrench and the military
aonf,tibeerd!socove y Canada by the brave Jacques Cartier,
operations which preceded its conquest by Wolfe. In
the glory of that event, all the disasters to British
arms which had previously occurred in Canada, are for-
gotten. There can be little doubt in any mind, that
but for the astounding daring of Wolfe, in leading his
army up the face of an almost inaccessible precipice, we
should never have possessed Canada. The very con-
quest of this colony, may perhaps have led to the loss
of the North American colonies, for no longer harassed
and kept in check by a neighbouring,hostile power, they
afterwards speedily developed themselves into a nation
strong enough to throw off its allegiance to the mother
country. Montcalm, in his last moments, indeed, pre-
dicted that such would be the effect of the defeat of the
French power in Canada. We cannot but pronounce
this work as the most complete yet given of the
struggles of the English and French for domination in
the New World; for the conquest of Canada not only
deprived France of a magnificent colony, but it destroyed
for ever her long-cherished project of hemming in the
English by means of her power on the north, her colonies
in the south, and her claims to supremacy over the un-
known wilds of the west."— Weekly Chronicle.
MR. MACREADT.—At the close of Mr. Macreadv's
performances at the Birmingham Theatre on Friday
night, he was called before the curtain, and delivered
the folloaing short address:—"Ladies and gentlemen,
it is not my intention to trespass long upon your pa-
tience,ts but I really cannot resist the impulse that prompts
me to thank you for the fervent, may I not say
enthusi-
astic reception with which you have honouredsfb
re-
ception which I assure you, come ramll thea an-
noyances I have been called on
—(Applause.)spring, ladies and gen-
.toenesantceounter elsewhere.
With the earlye return to complete my
tlemen, I ,hall, with your
eat, and leave return to complete my
unfinished engag€mehlt and the n I shall be able more
you the pride and gratification I feel
gtoemwho looked with such indulgence on
fuunlfilyn itsoheedxpernegssa
that those patrons
the opening of my professional career, have continued
my undeviating and constant friends to its present close.
me. Macready retired amidst the most enthusiastic ap-
plause.
POST-OFFICE NOTICE.—In concluding the recent
postal convention with the United States, the British
Post-office has been unable to make provision for the
safe transmission of registered letters between the two
countries, no system :of reg;btration being in operation
in the United States. The public. however, may still
continue to register letters for the United States as far
as the port of dispatch, according to the present prac-
tice, but it must be distinctly understood that such re-
gistration will be effectual only to the port of dispatch in
the United Kingdom.

Mr. Marsh had an interview yesterday with Ear:
Grey.

SPORTING INTELLIGENCE:
CARLISLE RACES.—TUESDAY.
The Claret Stakes. Oi ce round and a distance.
Mr. Walker's Priestess, 3 yrs... ... •••
Mr. Shepherd's Alp, 3 yrs .:. •••
Mr. M'Kenzie's Liiiie, 3 yrs ... •• •••
The Eden Side Stakes. Onc© round.
Mr. llesseltine's AndaluDian, 3 yrs
B in by St. Martin

I(
••0
....

2

NEWMARKET JULY MEETING.—TrEtSDAY;•
HaacTicap Sweepstakes of 20 soya. each, 5 ft, if declaretti,
for three yrs old, &e. New T.Y.C. (11 Subs., 6 'lf
whom declared.)
Duke of Rutland's Nina, 3 yrs, Bst Ilb (Boyce') 1
Colonel Peel's Taffrail, 4 yrs, Bst 3lb 2
Lord Clifden's The Widow, aged, Bst 71b
Mr. Barnes' Little Charley, 3 yrs, 6st 101 b • 4
Lord Exeter's Sultana, 5 yrs, Est 31b
Betting-7 to 4 agst The Widow, 3to 1 agst Taffrail,
and 4to 1 each agst Nina and Little Charley. Taffrail,
with Little Charley in waiting, made the running Lo the.
cords, where Nina joined company, headed her h urges
in two or three strides, and won cleverly by a len,gill•
Run in 1 min. 11 sec.
Match, 100, h ft. J.C.T
Duke of Bedford's Minty, 4 yrs, sat .121 b ...(Butler) 17-
Sir J. Ilawl,y's Stirabout, 2 yrs, Est 10.1 b.. • ...(Yearl) 2
6to 4 on Minto. Won by a length. Bun in 1 min.
13 secs.
The July Stakes of 50 soya. each, 30 ft, for two yrs
old colts, Bst 71b; and fillies, Bst 51b; the sec Cud to save'
his stake. New T.Y.C. (25 Subs.)
Mr. Fedley's Sweetheart (Templem w) 1
Mr. H. Freeman's Impression (Butte.') 2
Sir J. Hawley's Craneberry (Mann;
The following also started, but were not placed:—
Lord Exeter's Utrecht (Bartholomew) A
Lord Exeter's Nutmeg (Norman) 0
Mr. Gurney's bc by St. Francis, dby Jerry (Pettit) 0
0
Mr. Henry's Equiria (A. Day)
Colonel Peel's Sisyphus (Flatman) 9
Mr. Watt's Tordesillas (Mason) 0
Betting-5 to 4 agst Sweetheart, 9to 2 agst TOrde-
sines, 9 to 2 agst Sisyphus, 5 to 1 agat Impression, And
10 to 1 agst Craneberry.
Craneberry took the lead at starting, followed flj
Tordesillas and Equiria, Sweetheart, Impression, and
Sisyphus next. Equiria dropped off after runnjPg
quarter of a mile, and Sweetheart shortly after took kill
place next Tordesillas. There was no further chang*
until they entered the cords; the favourite then went
front, and won very easily by two lengths. Impression,
who came in the last few strides, beating Craneberry by'
a head; Tordesillas close up, Sisyphus fifth. Run in
1 min 9 sec.
Match, 200, h ft. Last half mile of New T.Y.C.
Mr. Greville's Estafette, 6st 41b (Flatman) 1
Duke of Bedford's Scampa Via, Bst 41b (Butler) 2
2tol on Scampa Via. Wein by half a length. Run
in .51 sec.
Sweepstakes of 10 scrs. each, for three yrs old, Est 91b;
tour, Bst 1lb; five, Bst 101 b; six and aged. 94 101 b.
T.M.M. Winner to be sold for z,‘oo soya. (3 Subs.)
Mr. Combe's t by Venison, 3 yr 5...,. (G. 1
Lord Oxford's b c by Cotherstone, 3 yrs...(E. Sharp) 2
Lord Exeter's Conde, 3 yrs
3to lon Mandan colt. Won by a length.
Match, 200, h ft, tst 71b each, New T.Y.C.—Lord
Exeter's Nutcracker received from Lord Stanley's Little

Isaac.
Match, 200, h ft, Bst 41b each, last hall mile of New
T.Y.C.—Mr. Greville's Ellen Middleton (dead), receives
80 sovs. ft from Duke of Bedford's Accia.
The short interval between the last race and the de-
parture of the special train leaves us only time to add
that the company present was quite as large as we have
seen at a July meeting for several years, the weather
favourable, albeit windy enough for March, and the
course, thanks to four or five hours' rain last night, in
excellent condition. There has not been any betting on
future events.
New Match for Thursday—Duke of Bedford's New-
port, 9st 21b, agst Mr. Gerard Sturt's Humphrey, 7st
9ilb. New T.Y.C., 100, h ft.
NE WM AKET, TUESDAY NIGHT.
APPOINTMENTS FOR WEDNESDAY.
Match-100,
h ft, last half of B. M.—Treacherous,
Bst 91b, agat Slang, Est 131 b.
50/. for 3 yrs old, &c.
Collingwood, 6 yrs—b f by Venison out of Chadling-
ton—Maid, 3 yrs—Crane, 3 yrs.
Sweepstakes of 10 sovs each. B.M. Winner to be sold
for 150 SOTS.
Whitstone,4 yrs—Ziska, 5 yrs—Cracow, 3 yre.
Sweepstakes of 10 SOTS each. Last half of B. M.
Albeda, Valentine, Career, and ch f by Sir Hercules,
out of Thug's dam.
Sweepstakes of 10 soya. each, for 3 yrs old. New
T.Y.C.
lone, Cherry, Bastilion, and ch g by Epirus' dam, by
D'Egville.
Matoh—Newport, Bst 121 b, agst Sioyon, 6st 101b.-200,
h fr.
The Town Plate of 50/. for 3 yrs old. Last mile and a
distance, of B.C.
Retail, Highflyer, Quinine, The Lustram, Crane, and
b f by Harkaway, out of Corvanna's dam.
BETTING AT MANCHESTER.—TUESDAY.
THE LIVERPOOL CUP.-4 to 1 agst Essedarius (0-
9 to 2 agst Thringarth (t)-10 to 1 agat Peep•o'-Day
Boy (t)-100 to 7 agst Woolwich (t)-100 to 6 eget
Westow (t).
GOODWOOD STAKES.-12 to 1 agst Remembranoer (t)
—l3 to 1 agst Maid of Masham (t)-100 to 6 agat Wall-
flower-100 to 6 agst Plaudit-100 to 6 agst Giselle.
ST. LEGER.-6 to 5 agst Flying Dutchman-10 to 1
agst Lady Superior-10 to 1 agst Uriel-12 to 1 agst
Loupgarou (e).
DERBY, 1850.-15 to 1 agst Pitsford (t)-20 to 1
agst Italian-28 to 1 agst Cyprus-500 to 15 each itgla
William the Conqueror, Blarney, and Windhound.
CURRAGH JUNE MEETING, SATURDAY.
Her M.jesty's Plate of 100 guineas, for horses, titc.:
three years old, Get bib; four, Bst Sib; five, 9st 61b;
six and aged, 9st 121 b. 51b to mares and geldings.
Four miles.
Colonel Westenra's b h Trouncer, by the Nob, 5 yrs 1
Mr. William's b c the Chief Baron, 3 yrs
Mr. L. White's c h Brother to Rat Trap, 5 yrs 3
Mr. Armstrong's b f the Darter, 4 yrs 0
Mr. Cummin's br h by Carlow, 5 yrs
Mr. Courtenay's b h Silent Friend, 5 yrs
Mr. Clarke's b g Jack in the-Corner, 4 yrs
Mr. Watt's ch c Sir Richard, 3 yrs
Betting-5 to 4on Trouncer; 3to I agst Sir Richard,
and 7to 2 agst the Darter. on in a canter.
The Corinthian Stakes of 10 SOTS each, h ft, with 25
sus. added. One mile and a half on the Peel course.
Heats. (7 Subs.)
Lord Waterford's ch f Louisa, by Harkaway,
4 yrs, list 101 b (Mr. R. Fitzgerald) 0 1
Captain M. Haworth's b c Wee Mickey, 4 yrs 2 3 dr.
' Lord Waterford's ch c by Birdcatcher, out of
Perdita, 3 yrs, lOst
Mr. Mangan's b c Hope, 4 yrs, llst t olb
Mr. Bit:Vs b c Patrick, 3 yrs, l let 81b 3 0 dr.
Major Blackburn's ch g Varnish, aged 12st 0 dist.
Betting-5 to 2 each agst Wee Mickey, the colt out of
Perdita and Hope.

BADEN.
The Koine?. Zeitung has letters from Carlaruhe of
the 29th ult., stating that a sharp conflict took place
between the Prussians and the insurgents on the
approach of the former to the fortress of Rastadt. The
battle was fought in the vicinity of Ettlingen and in
and near the villages of Viikersbach and Muggen•
sturm. Its result was the defeat of the insurgents
and their retreat under the walls of Rastatt. One
of their chiefs, Professor Kinkel, from Bonn, was
slightly wounded and captured. The loss of the
Prussians is stated to have been severe, though it Was
not possible to quote it in numbers. A letter in the
Prusautna
attackedO berpos tat mth e s 29th inst.,
outworks.ifeitu ofstaßtaesstadthtaotn
the
ee
and that they demolished some of the detached forti-
fications.
The head quarters of the Prince of Prussia were
at Ettlingen, and those of General Peucker at Baden-
Baden. Nothing is known of the fate of the ins=
gent Provisional Government.

Letters from Carlsruhe of the 29th ult. staff. ff*t
cannonading in the direction of Rastadt bad been
heard for some hours, and was continuing when the
post left. The Prussian forces were, it was assumed,
attacking the insurgents, who had thrown themselves
into the fortress of Rastadt. At Volkersbach, not far
from Carlsruhe, there was a trifling engagement on
the 28th ult., which ended in the defeat of the insu.
gents. General Miller, of Wurtemburg, had occupied
Offenburg.

AUSTRIA.
According to some of the German journals, General
Dembinski has enteredißussian Poland at the bead
of
a large force, and is marching on Warsaw. This, bow,'
ever, appears very improbable.

ITALY..f the 29th ult. stales
The Risorgimento of Turin .
dtfromhitaito
n.
tGiflaoeert a, that
Constitution
btuht e
that the Camarilla, headed
IncZienncseadbleat cIOZ-t
by Cardinal
him.
tonelli, 'still labour in the con-
Tnhe Pope had expressed a desire
ii::Peanis
setonseC.astellamare, which step the Ring of
Nttoraaprygleos however did not approve of. Two deputations
left Bologna on the 25th ult. for Gaeta to present the
submission of that town to the Pope, and invite him
to repair to it provisionally. The deputation of the
municipality is composed of MM. Zanolini, Marsill,
and Zucchini; that of the Chamber of Commerce
composed of MM. Mafi, Bossi, and Cotinelli.

ST. HELENA. GARDENS, ROTIIERH ITHE.—Favoured
by the recent excellent weather and the numerous and
varied attractions put forward by the manager, these
gardens have been very greatly frequented during the
past few days. The several performances and vocal
efforts of Mr. De Brenner, Mr. Charles Sloman, Mrs'
Stephens, and Miss Marian, appear to give the utmost
satisfaction to the audience, while the arrangernements
of the gardens, the illuminations, the fireworks, Mr, have
met with similar marks of approbation.
. P.
THE ARMY.—We understand that
that
Storey, of the 38th Foot, has been Captain Christie
appointeed4Pettaaiffn offices
Storey,
of the pensioners at Stockport;
is now engaged superintending the formation of a new
division of the London district of pensioners, the head-
quarters of which will be at Deptford.
" The Animals' Friend Society," of 4.57, West
Strand, on Thursday caused Edward Oxenham, a drover,
33, to be fine treated` by Mr. Seeker, 4tt Southwark,
for having ill some cattle. Not paying, he was
COalraittted to PriitiOn for :mu aye

'

~-~--r,

IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT.

HOUSE OF LORDS, July 3.
Their Lordships assembled at Five o'clock.
BEER SHOPS.
The Bishop of NORWICH presented a petition from
11 .inhabitants of St. Giles•in-the-Fields against the
,read of beer shops.
THE MAHRATTA WAR.

The Earl of ELLENBOROUGE rose to state the
circumstances under which :booty taken from the enemy
in the Mahratta war in India had been granted by the
Crown to the East India Company or to the Indian army.
This property had been transferred to the East India
Company, which was in point of fact the Government of
India, but that transfer in no way respected the private
interests of the individual directors of the company. Ac-
Cording to universal custom, with certain reservations as
berMajesty might be advised to make, the booty in
question had been made over to the Court of Directors
and the Indian army. Confiscation implied power over
the object confiscated, but the property in question,
situated in the state of Lahore, belonged to the
enemy in the Mahratta war, and it could not
be rightly confiscated by the Governor-General
of India according to the principle which he (Lord
tfienborough) had laid down,.for that property was not
in the power of the Governor-General of India. That
property, consisting of all the state jewels of Lahore,
was acquired by war, was retained by right of conquest;
it never changed hands, and belonged, therefore, to her
Majesty in right of her crown, and the Governor-Gene-
ral of India had no right to dispose of it. It was a
matter of policy, as well as of justice; to deal with
this property as the law directs, without throwing any
difficulties in the way of its legal appropriation. If this
booty, which belonged to the Crown, as he contended,
were not' conceded to the army of India, the army of
India would have no reward whatever.
The Marquis of LANSD,OWNE said he would inter-
pose no objection to the production of the papers for
which the Noble Earl had moved. The question was,
how.far the state property of Lahore was to, be consi-
dered as booty of war, and how far it was to be consi-
dered Ili state property, liable to the provisions of a
treaty? He held in his hand the treaty applicable to the
ease in point, one of the articles of which was that all
the property of the state, of whatever description and
,wheresoever it should be found, should be con-
fiscated in part payment of the debt due
from the state of Lahore to the British
Government. Upon that treaty rested the right of the
East India .Company to the property which they had
acquired, and the right of the Queen of England to the
predtons stones to which reference had been made by the
Noble Lord.
Tao Dolce of WELLINGTON thought the most re-
sular mode of proceeding would be to leave her Majes-
ty's Government to settle this question with the Court of
Dimetoes. He must do the Governor-General of India
the justice to' say that his Noble Friend (the Earl of
Ellenborough) was mistaken if he supposed that the
transactions in question recently performed in India
bad not been well and maturely considered by the
Noble Lord in his recommendation to the public autho-
rities of this country.
After a few remarks from Lord GLENELG,
Lord BROUGHAM said the Governor-General of
India could not change the nature of the property in
question by anything that he. did. If the property
was booty, using the word ‘‘ confiscation" was a little
.inbensistent with all idea of treaty. Confiscation seemed
to him to exclude the idea of contract.
Lord ELLENBOROUGH replied. There was, in
his opinion, enough in this case which rendered it in the
• highest degree necessary that this matter should be fully
and judicielly considered.
After a fele words from Lords CAMPBELL and
BaououAm,
- Lord ELLENBOROUGH consented to withdraw his
motion. '-
Lord CAMPBELL laid on the table a Bill to empower
.the Crown for one year to appoint a sheriff for the
county of Westmorlind; which was read a first time.
•On the motion of Lord BROUGHAM, arcopy was
ordered of c,rtsin correspondence, in which the General
Board of Health had taken part, relative to the printing
of official reports in the octavo instead of the folio form.

SITES FOR SCHOOLS BILL.
'Lord REDESDALE moved the second reading of the
Sites for Schools Bill.
The Marquis of LANSDOWNE was of opinion that
. it would be of great use in particular districts, and he
hoped in Committee its powers would be extended.
The Bill was then read a second time.
AUDIT OF RAILWAYS ACCOUNTS BILL.
Lord MONTEAGLE, in moving that their Lordships
should go into Committee on this Bill, said that he would
in a few words explain the magnitude of the transactions
affected by the Bill, because, if they had been under-
, stood, he was satisfied that an unexpected division
would not have taken place upon the second reading
. last night. The companies had already pledged
themselves, with the consent of Parliament, to expend
a sum of 300,000,0001 upon the construction of rail-
ways, out of which 200,000,0001. had been ex-
pended already. When he looked at the national
• debt of 750,000,000/, which took nearly a century to ac-
cumulate, he could not but feel that so enormous a sum
as 300,000,0001. voted in the course of a few years, to
be applied to one branch of industry, and withdrawn
from others, was the best justification for such a Bill.
They had 12,000 miles of railway sanctioned, equal to
half the. circumference of the globe, and when it was
• recollected that the whole of these railways were prac-
tically monopolies, it was clear the public should have
some power over them; and it was not less necessary
• that protection should be given to the shareholders.—
(Hear, hear.) Their Lordships were bound to pass this
Act, because they were parties to these transactions,
and it was their duty to endeavour to put a stop to a
spirit of gambling speculation and adventure, greater,
he believed, than had existed in this country since the
South Sea scheme, and in which all classes, high as
well as low, had participated.—(Hear, hear.) It was
stated in the papers before him that in one particular
company the difference between the value of their
stock at different periods represented a capital of up-
wards of 3,000,0001; that fact showed the wide mar-
gin for speculation. He held in his hand a return
showing the variation in the prices of the stock of
four principal companies during the years 1845,
1846, 1847, and 1843. . The stock of the North-
Western in 1845 was 222/, in 1846 it fell to 2101., and
• again to 1701. in 1847. In 1848 it fell to 1141., and in 1
October that year to 1001. During the same period the
shares of the Great Western fell from 2461. to 771.; those
of the South-Western, from 82/. to 361.; and of the
North Midland, from 1801. to 661.—(Hear.) The aver-
age fall in the value of the property from 1845 to 1848,
amounted to 64 per cent.—(Hear.) This was mainly
attributable to the way in which the affairs of these
companies were managed, and which had thrown discre-
dit upon them all. The public, alienated by the expense
of the bad management of some companies, had with-
drawn all confidence from them. Though he had not the
experience of the two Noble Lords who opposed the
Bill last night, one of whom was chairman of two
railway companies, and the other of one, he had had
the advantage of the careful inquiry instituted by
their Lordships' Committee, and on the evidence given by
the witnesses before that Committee.. He believed that
he saw clearly the manner in which the in-
tentions of the Legislature were evaded, and
the opportunities for fraudulent transactions were
• created.—(Huar.) The auditors proposed to be
appointed by the Act were not the nominees of the Go-
vernment, but would be independent men, and he re-
peated that, for the protection of the shareholders them-
selves, it was desirable that such officers should be ap-
pointed.—(Hear, hear.) The records of the companies
were• full of illustrations of the necessity for such public
officers, and showed that the plain meaning of the Acts
under which they were constituted had been disre-
, garded, and that the directors were in the habit of
acting according to their own discretion, without
reference to the powers invested in them by
the-law. As an illustration of the gross misapplication
of railway capital to other purposes than that for which
it was subscribed, he instanced the case of the Cale-
donian directors, who had appropriated from the funds
entrusted to their care, a sum of no less than 381,0001,
in the purchase of traffic on railway, and had given'
gbarantssa and security for the payment of a consider-
. ably larger amount. Shareholders, he thought,
should have the power of preventing
etherpreventing the directors
from applying their money sc. .yierrpose than that
for which it was subscribed.
application as he had mentioned could not have hapPenek
if there was a good system- of auditing railway accounts,
for such practices would be at once detected. The Bill
on which he asked shem to go into Committee was not
calculated to do harrnto the shareholders, but was in-
tended to enable them to exercise control over their di-
rectors and chairman. It took care that they should
have the entire truth placed before them. Moreover,
• it had been opposed by the great bulk of the railway
authorities. He asked their Lordships then to go into
Committee on the Bill and to give their satiation to the
clauses,Lor BROUGHAM' expressed his fullest concurrence
in the measure, and took the opportunity of stating that
he considered the country ought to feel deeply indebted
to the Noble Lord, the author of the Bill.
Their Lordships then went into Committee on the Bill.
On the question that the first clause do pass,
Lord LONSDALE objected to the principle of Go-
vernment interference with private trading and commer-
cial speculation. Where that interference had been ex-
ercised, great discouragementes. was the result. He also
objected to thewto
the country would entail
sending down auditors
onuraGilllway companies.
The Earl of YARBOIIRo
baste with which so important ! protested against the
sßill was being pressed
through Parliament. If'
ethepGovernmentee interfered in
the concerns of railway ereeni appointing audi-
tors, perhapi the shareholders mightymanifest an indiffe-
rence to look after the accounts, d tlle result would be
great evil instead of expected good.
' EarI'POWIS complained- of the railroad.sped
• which their Lordships legislated in so importante with
a
mat-
ter, and expressed himself dissatisfied with several
clauses of the Bill. None of the railway companies cer-
' tain to be affected by the measure could possibly have
any knowledge of its important provisions.
• • Lord BROUGHAM thought they had not only a
light, but that it w.s their bounden duty to interfere, as
the Bill proposed, with railway companies; for they were
- monopolies, and monopolies created by the extensive pri•
.'-'crileges which Parliament had given to the several rail-
.
• Way companies.
.
After some further conversation, which • Lord
MONTEAGLE and Earl Powis took part, the several
clauses were agreed to, Earl Powis expressing his inten-
tion of moving amendments on bringing up the report.
• -The Marquis of LANSDOWNE laid upon the table
, certain returns connected with the number of ejectments
issued from the Court of Exeacquer in Ireland during
the years 184614847, and 1848.
Their Lordship; theil adjourned.

THE

HOUSE OF COMMONS, July 3.
POOR-LAW (IRELAND) BILL.
(Continued from our Afternoon Edition of yesterday.)
Mr. FAGAN admitted that if they had sufficient
workhouse room in Ireland, it would be well to adopt
the workhouse test by refusing out-door relief to able-
bodied poor, but as such was not the case, he thought
the course proposed by the Hon. Baronet could not be
safely acted on. He must, therefore, oppose the clause.
Mr. CONOLLY thought that it was the bounden
duty of the Government to make some modification in
the ruinous system of out-door relief, or do away with
it altogether. He would support the clause of the Hon.
Baronet the Member for Waterford.
Mr. STAFFORD thought it would be better that the
clause should be postponed till the third reading of the

Bill.
Sir W. SOMERVILLE had not been able to elicit
from any Hon. Member who had spoken by what means
they proposed to preserve the lives of the people if they
did away with out-door relief. He admitted that abuses
were inseparable from the system, but it was surrounded
with as many safeguards as possible, and would be
abandoned when it could be done with safety. He trusted,
therefore, that the Hon. Baronet would withdraw the
clause, and allow the other portions of the Bill to be

proceeded with.
Sir H. W. BARRON withdrew the clause.
Colonel DUNNE then proposed the following clause:—
" And be it further enacted that in any electoral division
where the ratepayers of any townland, or union of town-
lands within such electoral division, shall undertake and
satisfy the guardians of the poor of the onion in which
such electoral division is situate, that they will support a
proportion of the poor of the electoral division, which pro-
portion shall seem to the said board of guardians to be a
fair proportion of the poor (taking into consideration the
entire amount of paupers liable to be relieved under the
poor-law, and the valuation and extent of the townlands
aforesaid and the electoral division), then it shall be
lawful for the board of guardians to exempt such town-
land or townlands from any rate, except a rate for union
and establishment charges; and in case any pauper
within such townland or townlands should appeal to
the board of guardians against the support afforded to him
or her by the rate-payers of such townland or townlands,
and it shall appear to the guardians that such complaint
is well founded, then the board of guardians shall re-
lieve such person or persons appealing, and charge the
townland to which such pauper or paupers appealing
shall,be chargeable ; provided always, that should the
decision of the board of guardians ba disputed, either by
the pauper or paupers appealing, or by the ratepayers or
any ene ratepayer on their part, then an appeal shall be
given to either party to the magistrates and assist..ant
barristers at the Quarter Sessions next ensuing,
whose decisions shalluu sebe
afidonpalt.e"d
that unless the 0 scuocrinscteedp
lisoemwe 5
as
9e
butth little chance of any adequate relief being ex-
at contained in his clause, there . would
tended to Irish pauperism. From conversations which
he had with boards of guardians in his neighbourhood,
ho was sure that such a plan was one which would be
of great use.
Mr. C. LEWIS reminded the House that this ques-
tion had been very fully discussed and determined upon
on the occasion of a Bill having been proposed by the
Member for Strood (Mr. Scrope), and after the rejection
which it met with there he hoped that the Hon. and
Gallant Member would not press his clause.
Sir A. BROOKE thought the clause could not be
carried into practical operation.
Mr. P. SCROPE thought that the system of support-
ing able-bodied men by outdoor relief was a very per-
nicious one, it would be much better to employ them
in cultivating the land which lay untilled. Ho should
support the clause.
Mr. FRENCH wished to contradict a charge against
Irish Members of taking but little interest in this Bill.
He could confidently state that every Irish Member at
present in London was then in the House.
After a few words from Sir W. BARRON,
Sir G. GREY wished to recal it to the attention of
the House that the principle of this clause was identical
with that of the Bill introduced in the early part of the
present session, and which had been rejected by a ma-
jority of 166 to 41; and it would be found that the ma-
jority of the Irish Members had voted against the Bill.
Mr. GROGAN suggested that the Government should
adopt this clause, and modify it so that it might be re-
ceived favourably by the House.
Lord J. RUSSELL was in doubt whether Irish Mem-
bers, and especially the Hon. Member who had spoken
last, were or were not in favour of this clause. He re-
membered that such a plan had been introduced many
years ago by the Duke of Richmond, but when it was
debated whether this should be made compulsory, it
had been satisfactorily shown that such a course would
be fall of danger.
After a few words of explanation from Mr.
GROGAN,
Mr. S. CRAWFORD could not agree with the Noble
Lord that this clause was identical with the proposal of
the Hon. Member for Stroud. That Hon. Gentleman's
plan made it compulsory for boards of guardians and the
ratepayers to enter into these arrangements, but tbis clause
partook morn of a voluntary than a compulsory character,
and he was quite willing to support it.
Mr. A. STAFFORD was afraid the clause would in-
flict too much labour and trouble on the boards of guar-
dians to admit of its working with facility. Ho was
fearful, too, that even if the machinery of the clause could
be put into operation, it would have a tendency to de-
press the condition of the pauper, and for these two
reasons, although he did not disapprove of its principles,
he felt bound to oppose the clause.
Mr. ROCHE also thought the clause would work prac-
tically against the poor, while it would perpetuate the evils
of townland rating system, and overturn the very prin-
ciple upon which the poor law was founded. The guar-
dians, under the existing law, were bound to support the
poor in certain circumstances, and in a specified manner,
but establish the system proposed by this clause, and the
poor would be subject to the mercy of the ratepayers.
Colonel DUNNE only wished the Committee to pro-
nounce for the principle of the clause and be would
modify its terms to meet some of the objections which
had been urged against it.
Lord C. HAMILTON quite approved of the prin-
ciple, but he was decidedly averse to the mode in which
the clause was proposed to be put in force.
Mr. FITZSTEPHEN FRENCH really could not
understand, then, why the Noble Lord should not sup-
port it.
The Committee then divided, when there appeared—
For the clause ... ... ... 18
Against it ... ... ... ... 80
Majority ... ... —62
Sir D. NORREYS then proposed the following
clauses :-1. Whereas in many unions large sums are
due to contractors and others, for the payment of which
the outstanding amount of uncollected rates is insuffi-
cient, be it enacted, that the Commissioners for the ad-
ministration of the poor-laws in Ireland, shall cause an
account to be taken of the debts which shall bo due
on the 29th day of September next, and also of the
probable amount of rates which may be expected from
the outstanding collection; and if it shall appear that in
any electoral division, in which the expenses for the
relief of the poor have during the year exceeded five
shillings in the pound of its valuation, the debts due by
it shall exceed its probable assets, and that a rate of
sixpence in the pound, in addition to the five shillings
maximum rate, would be insufficient for their payment,
it shall be lawful for the Commissioners to require the
board of guardians, or the paid officers in charge of the
union, to borrow such sum as may be required on
the security, of the rates of the union at large, but on
condition always that the sum so borrowed shall be re-
paid, with interest, by instalments extending over a
period not exceeding ten years; and the instalments
and the interest payable thereon shall be the first charge
on the rates of such union, and the treasurer of such
union shall be bound to pay off the instalments and
interest as they become due, out of any money which
may be in his hands to the credit of the union, or
to advance the amount thereof and charge interest on
such advance, and for so doing the order of the Com-
missioners shall be a sufficient discharge: provided always
that the union at large becoming responsible for the
debts of the electoral division, shall not affect the sepa-
rate liability of the electoral division for the debts due
by it. 2. To enable boards of guardians to raise the
union rate in aid at any period within the current year.
Sir G. GREY said the clauses were open to great ob-
jection and opposed them.
Sir D. NORREYS then withdrew the clauses.
To clause 88,
Lord NAAS proposed an amendment to the effect
-t repeal so much of an Act for the more
effectual relief -or --ine-- vaesaliast,sr —pew* -- of Iroland
as enacted " that any covenant and agreement whereby
any person liable to pay rent, and entitled, under this
Act, to deduct therefrom any rate, or any portion of any
rate, shall have covenanted or agreed, or shall hereafter
covenant or agree, to forego such reduction,
shall, so far as such rate is concerned, have no effect, be
repealed, except as to anything heretofore done or now
pending under this Act."
Lord JOHN RUSSELL said helfelt disposed to vote
for the amendment.
After some discussion, in which some opposition was
offered to the clause,
The House divided, when there appeared—
For the clause... ..• ... ... 71
Against it ... ... ... ... 10
Majority
Lord JOHN RUSSELL intimated that he proposed
to proceed with the Bill on Thursday, at twelve.
The House then adjourned until five o'clock.

The House resumed at Five o'clock.
PETITIONS.

Lord SEAHAM presented a petition from Durham.
in favour of the People's Charter.
Captain PECHELL presented a similar petition from
T. DUNCOMBE presentedda petition
be appointednfromEdin-
Bbtourg ,Rperpauybinlige
othfaßt
oamneA.Ambassador might
mritgharirheli
B. OSBORNE presented several petitions from
Middlesex, in favour of household suffrage.
Petitions
mere
r. presented inTfahvon3p
favour of thLeoCrdhaprteurdlboyy
Mr. Villiers
Stuart., Mr. Cobden, and Mr. Bright.
Lord DUDLEY STUART presented a petition from
Marylebone, praying that the Government might recog-
nize
Mr. SUMS
Roman Republic.
yLktDE,r Rwished
o presentedp METROPOLITAN
t .aTps
keAt
eo
BURIALS.
Secretarylifr
Ro from
Aof L S Falkirk.
Mr.
f
the Marriage Registration (Scotland)
t
the Home Department if his attention hais
lbee e n ch rec ted
to the statement of Dr. Simon,
Health for the city of London, as to the carue ofof Publicc
tain cases of cholera within the city of London , and if it be his intention to introduce any measure. dur-
ing the present session of Parliament for the prevention
of the interment of dead bodies within the city of London.
Sir G. GREY said ho had not seen the report of Dr.
Simon, but having made inquiries yesterday, in conse-
quence of the notice of the Noble Lord's question, he

SUN,

hack no doubt that cases of cholera had occurred in
certain localities from causes which injuriously affected
the public health. As to the other question, the Go-
vernment had under their consideration a measure to
prevent interments in towns; but he was afraid it was
not sufficiently matured to be proceeded with this session.
THE AMERICAN MAILS.

In reply to Mr. WYLD,
The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER stated
with reference to the refusal of the persons
in charge of the mails coming by the last
American packet to allow the correspondents of the
London and other newspapers to see the files of
American newspapers until after the general delivery of
letters, that in consequence of the Noble Lord's question
he was unable to give any definito answer with respect
to it.

METROPOLITAN POLICE.
Lord DUDLEY STUART rose, pursuant to no-
,.ce, to submit a motion for a Select Committee to inquire
.nto the manner of making the assessment in the several
counties for the maintenance of the metropolitan police,
and into the expenditure thereof; as well as into
the general administration of the force, and espe-
cially into the recent annual increased charge of
upwards of 35,0002 on the county of Middlesex.
He trusted the House would bear with him while he
briefly stated the grounds upon which he
made the motion. He trusted the House would bear
with him whilst he endeavoured to convey to it—and he

promised to do so in the smallest possible amount of
time—a knowledge of the whole circumstances connected
with this most important subject.—(Hear, hear.) A

motion for such a Committee of Inquiry was not-only
not unusual, hut not unreasonable. There had been a
great many such Committees appointed, and only a few
years ago—in 1844—a motion almost similar was made
by his Hon. Friend who was now on the Treasury
benches; and he hoped, therefore, indeed he had no
doubt, that he would have the support of his Hon.
Friend the Secretary for the Treasury. That motion
was, however, resisted by the Government of that day,
and accordingly no Committee was appointed.
There had now been no Committee on this
important subject for fifteen years, and he must
say that that alone, was a sufficient reason for
tha House agreeing to this Committee, supposing
there were no other; because he must say, if this police
force were at all necessary, that it formed a kind of
anomaly in our constitution. When the force was first
established it was resisted, as not being altogether in
harmony with our old-fashioned notions of constitu-
tional liberty.—(Hear.) It was felt that it was neither
n-toro nor less than an army, which was paid out of the
pockets of the people, not by money annually voted, but
by money obtained under an Act of Parliament—a princi-
ple which was not altogether consonant with their notions
of what was right and proper; and that being the case,
he thought it would be admitted at any rate
that the expense and management of this
body ought to be watched with a jealous and vigilant
eye.—(Hear, hear.) Another reason for his asking for
this Committee was that within a short space of time
the expense of the force had been materially increased,
and that a heavy additional burden had been placed on
the inhabitants of the metropolis and the surrounding
districts. It had often been a matter of astonishment

and perhaps exultation to Englishmen that there were
s ) few soldiers in the capital, but they were little aware
of the fact that they possessed a vast body of soldiers
which, though of a military character, assumed a desig-
nation denoting a civil capacity.—(Hear, hear.) There
was in this metropolis an army of upwards of 6,000 men
compoied of policemen-5,500 metropolitan police and
600 City police, and though they did not carry arms
with them, they were not the less an army,
for they were supplied with arms and weapons
whenever the Government thought necessary. Since
the beginning of last year there had been added to the
metropolitan police more than five hundred men, en-
tailing an additional expense to the community of
45,000/., being about one-seventh of the whole.—(llear,
hear.) Now that might be necessary and proper, but
did it constitute any rea-on why that additional expen-
diture should be allowed to pass without some inquiry
being called for on the part of the inhabitants of the
metropolis ?—(Hear.) The total sum paid for the police
force in 1847 amounted to 329,208?., and in 1848 to
374,9291., and those sums were exclusive of the pay-
ments on account of the Superannuation Fund, and also
on account of the Police Courts. That increase of ex-
penditure was a sufficient ground for inquiry.—
( Hear, hear.) It was drawn from the people
in a . way which was oppressive, because it was
unjust and unequal; and though its injustice had been
admitted by the Government in an official communica-
tion, they did not propose to afford any relief to the
people, and yet repeated representations had been made
to them to continue to do without it. The expense of
the police was provided for originally by a rate of Bd. in
the pound. Afterwards, 2d. in the pound was taken
from the Consolidated Fund, and 6d. in the pound was
levied. In 1847 the magistrates of Middlesex raised
the valuation of the county by the enormous amount of
two millions and a half ; they raised it from 6,367,456/.
to 7,792,1681. The effect of that was to add to the an-
nual police rate paid by the ratepayers of Middlesex the
sum of 36,617/., while nothing was added to the bur-
dens of the inhabitants of other counties. Thies woe
represented to the Government, and they felt the justice
of the complaint, and undertook to provide a remedy.
On the 30th of December, the following letter was writ-
ten by order of Sir George Grey, to Mr. Flood, the ves-
try-clerk of Marylebone :—" Secretary Sir George Grey
directs me to inform you that he has considered the re-
solution of the joint vestries of St. James's and St. Mary-
lebone, which you forwarded to him, requesting a reduc-
tion of the quota on which the police rate is levied, in
consequence of the greatly increased valuation upon
which the county is now assessed, and I am to
inform you that Sir George Grey proposes to
introduce a Bill to authorise the Commissioners of
Police to reduce the police-rate one penny in the pound
for the year, in their warrants issued to parishes in the
county of Middlesex, provided the present assessment is
not reduced, and Sir George Grey trusts that an ar-
rangement may be made to give the parishes the full
benefit of this reduction, if sanctioned by Parliament for
the ensuing year." That was the official statement made
by the Government, and the inhabitants were told that
they would have to pay 20,0001., whereas the fact was
that they had to pay 25,0001.; that was a most extraor-
dinary increase to add to the burdens of the people of
Middlesex, and he thought afforded a good ground for a
Committee. The Right Hon. Baronet (Sir George
Grey) no doubt intended fully to carry out what he ex-
pressed in that letter, for he brought in a Bill
on the subject ein the early part of May,
but after being read a first and a second
time, the order of the day for going into Committee was
put off from time to time, until the 27th June, when the
Government, at two o'clock in the morning, and without
giving notice to any of the parties concerned, moved
that it be discharged. And when they considered that the
object of that was to continue on the metropolis and the
community at large a heavy tax for police, which was
generally much more numerous than was necessary, and
was objectionable in many ways, there could be no
doubt that the people had a right to complain of the
way in which their requests had been refused. He did
not complain so much of the conduct of the police as of
their number and cost. The metropolis might be as
well and as effectually protected with a much less
number of men and a smaller amount of money.
The increase of expense had been 25,0001., and the police,
for whom they had so much to pay, were not so ad-
mirable in their conduct as many persons seemed
to believe, since there were many cases on re-
cord in which the police had greatly exceeded their
duty and oppressed the people. Doubtless, it might not
appear in this light to fine ladies and gentlemen who
were glad of the assistance of these well•dressed men to
enable them to find their way to their carriages; but
such was the fact. But let the House inquire whether the
people were of the same opinion, and if they spoke the truth
they would say that wherever there was a policeman there
was a petty tyrant.—(Cheers.) When it happened that
there were no other witnesses to an offence besides
policemen they were most unscrupulous in their
testimony; and yet, upon the uncorroborated testimony
of a policeman men were convicted and sentenced to
the most degrading punishments. In saying this he did
not speak without the book, since he could show that a
man was sent for trial, charged by a policeman with the
most horrible offence, and that the jury, after hearing
the case for a few minutes, stopped it, and acquitted the
defendant. By the returns it appeared that from 60,000
to 64,000 were continually taken into custody and charged
with offences, but the fact that out of that number
2,000 were discharged showed how ill the police dis-
charged their duty. Now this was a state of things
that ought to be looked into, and if the House were
to inquire into the matter they would see
why the number of police was so much larger than it
should be ; why it was kept up like a large army in:1849,
when there was peace and. quiet. Indeed, the Govern-
ment said, because there were apprehended dis-
turbances in 1848, they were unwilling to 'allow
the number of the body to be diminished,
But they should be diminished in number, because their
present extent interfered with the comfort, and liberty,
and character of the people. The effect upon a people
thus constantly tyrannised over must be bad. He thought
they should inquire into all these things, and if it
could be shown that they behaved perfectly well, or
that the police force was kept up cheaply, and that it
was inexpedient on public grounds to have a diminu-
tion of their number, why, then, the people
would be satisfied to pay for them.—(Hear.) But let the
Government bear in mind that they were not taken by
surprise upon this matter, since notice had been given
by his Honourable Colleague, who he regretted was
unable to attend from ill health at the close of last
session. He might occupy the House longer upon
this matter, but he felt that he should stand a greater
chance of the motion meeting with its approval, if he
were, without further preface, to move it.
Sir G. GREY satd-that he thought there was but one
opinion in the House with regard to the metropolitan po-
lice force as to its real value and efficiency. He did net
think it necessary to enter very fully into the statements
of the Noble Lord who had brought forward the
present !notion. With regard to the imputations which
the Noble Lord had thrown upon the conduct of the
members of that force, he could only say that in cases
where they had been detected in the practices which the
Noble Lord charged upon them, and where the magis-
trates did not punish them, the Commissioners of Police,
sanctioned by the Secretary of State, had always
availed themselves of the summary power which they
possessed, and discharged the men. With refer-
ence to the motion of the Noble Lord, he did not think
that ha had laid sufficient grounds before the House
jfy
steliife
entirely
yg
to empty
ea Committee.mpty
allegations,
He
ahna n
dd choad-
produced very little evidence to support them ; and
in those very allegations there was nothing
new. A similar inquiry to this, which was sought
for, had been greased in the year 183 I,
and the result had been to satisfy the House and the
public at large that the management of the police
force was carried on in the be" P"lible