The Sun.
London, England, 1849-07-05 00:00:00

PROTECTION OF WOMEN.

-- ---
Mr. T. BARING presented a petition from certain
Wesleyan Methodists in favour of the Bill for the better
protection of Women.
VANCOUVER'S ISLAND.
The Vancouver's Island Administration of Justice
Bill was brought up from the House of Lords, which, on
the motion.of Mr. HAWES was read a first time and
ordered to be read a second time on Monday next.
PEOPLE'S CHARTER.

Mr. HEADLAM presented a petition from New-
castle-upon-Tyne in favour of the adoption of the people's
charter.
FRENCH INTERFERENCE WITH ROME.
Mr. T. DUMCOMBE presented a petition from cer-
tain inhabitants of Holborn, complaining of the armed
intervention of France in the affairs of Rome.
THE STATE OF THE NATION.
Mr. DISRAELI said it was impossible for him, ac-
cording to the forms of the House, to bring forward
the further discussion of his motion on the state of the
nation until the 31st of July. It was extremely in-
expedient to go into the discussion on such a subject
at such a time. If the Noble Lord at the head of the
Government would therefore give him another Govern-
ment day, as far as he (Mr Disraeli) and the gentlemen
or. his side of the House were concerned, nothing should
take place on their parts to prevent a division taking
place on that day.
Lord JOHN RUSSELL was of opinion that if the
adjourned debate on the Honourable Gentleman's mo-
tion was to be continued, it was desirable that it
should be continued without delay. Under
these circumstances, and at a further sacritice of con-
venience, he was willing that the adjourned debate
should be resumed to-morrow.
(LEFT SITTING.)

CRICKET.--(THIS DAY.)
(Continued from our Afternoon Edition.)
THE GENTLEMEN OF KENT V. GENTEMEN OF SURREY.
The following is the score up to six o'clock:—
Surrey, total first innings ...
KENT.
F. Gosling, Esq.—b Denison ...
F. Dyer, Esq.—c Garland, b Denison ••.
S. Norton, Esq.—b Denison ... ... •••
J. Kirk, Esq.—b Haites
N. Felix, Esq.—b Garland ... ••• •••
A. Mynn, Esq.—b Garland ... ... •••
Captain Latour—b Unite ... ... •••
C. G. Whitaker, Esq.—c Davis, b Unite ...
J. Cousens. Esq.—c and b Garland ...
H. Baldock, Eq.—not out ...
T. 11. Brenchley, Esq.--not out
M. Lancaster, Esq.—b. Hate
83, w 4, ...

Total

. . 33
~. 28

WHAT THE STATE GETS BY LIFE ASSURANCE...-
When assurances upon human life are effected fur busi-
ness purposes, we consider that the State should derive
benefit irum them, in the shape of taxation; but where
they are effected against future calamities which may come,
at any moment, when we least expect such a visitation,
perhaps, out of small earnings, and by much self-
denial, we find in practice, that any such impost is a
tax upon. Providence, of the most dangerous and im-
politic kind, since life assurance is diminished, accord-
ing to the extent of the tax. About 60,000,0001. are
invested in life assurance, from which the State derives
an annual income of more than 1,000,0004 A tax upon
Providence of such a nature and amount is a curse and
a blow dealt at the happiness of a nation.—The Reporter
for July.
TIIE CHOLERA.—We are glad to be able to state
that hitherto there has been no extension of the Asiatic
cholera in this town or its immediate neighbourhood.
We have again to record a few new cases, several
terminating fatally ; but there is yet nothing
to show any spread of the epidemic. Thera
have been in all three deaths, includin g that of
Moore's, noticed in our last, from the, same house in
Charlotte-street, Cambridge-street, Chorltun-on-Med-
lock; and a fourth individual, or I,dger, in the house
hag had a severe attack, but through prompt and effec-
tual medical aid, ho is how out ei.danger. TLere have
beenlat eosnev}e,rraildalleVl cases also in Manchester, two of them
severe, but the
fatal, besides that
Friday night;
.and one case in
ofpatthieentmanis Jaceosveirliorlgla.diwanhoch:is
teedr
Salford, rather
Guardiau.

TUE LONDON BANICERS AND THE BRITISH BANK•
—ln our two last numters we have noticed the prin-
ciples and proceedings of the company established fur
introducing the Scotch system of Banking into London,
and we are to hear that there is every probability that
a very considerable modification in the old London
houses is likely to be effected.—The Reporter for July,
Rather let us suffer for speaking the truth, than
that truth should suffer for want of speaking,—Eliza
CoolCB Journal.

. CITY OF LONDON. ELECTION. i
(Fr.,ra the Chelenham Examiner.)
We cannot help thinking that the House of Peers has
committed itself to a struggle from which it can derive
neither honour nor advantage. Its championship of the
obsolete principles of intolerance and exclusion is not only
unwise, but ill-timed and bootless. It is certain not to be
successful, because it bas arrayed against it the growing
conviction and the enlightened good sense of the great
mass of the nation; and there never yet was an instance,
and probably never will be, in which the House of Lords
has succeeded in obtaining a position adveise to the
general opinion of the people. The vote which threw out
the Bill for admitting the Jews to Parliament a as a grand
and elaborate mistake. Their Lordships had done enough
already to mark their disapproval of the measure in
throwing it out once; but to rfject it again, when it
came recommended by increased majorities of the House
of Commons, was an act of sheer infatuation. Their
Lordships' decision on Tuesday evening was one which,
in the memorable language of one of themselves, will
" go forth without authority, and come back without
respect." The majority of 3,515 in favour of Mr.
Rothschild's reelection must have already convinced
them of that, for by that reelection they static' com-
mitted to a struggle with the electors of London, in
which they must sooner or later be defeated.
Mr. Rothschild re-enters the walls of Parliament with
a prestige which he never possessed before, and which
has scarcely ever been possessed by any man sirce the
doors of Parliament were flung open to the Catholic by
the Clare election. What Daniel O'Connell then did for
his creed Mr. Lionel Rothschild will now do for his. He
becomes, not simply the London merchant—the
representative of the first city in the kingdom
—but the representative, and champion, and
embodiment of a great principle. In his per-
son that principle will be fought out and carried.
No adverse vote of the House of Peers, though a dozen
times persisted in and repeated, will now turn the people
of London from the struggle in which they find them-
selves involved. They will fight out this principle as
they have fought out others before it. They will main.
tarn the struggle as only an English constituency can
maintain it; and they will win the battle against intole-
rance and bigotry, as they and their fathers have won
hundreds before.
Wo have no wish to complain unfairly of the conduct
of the House of Lords, or to impugn their motives. We
have no doubt that many members of that House do
honestly and conscientiously believe that it would be
wrong to admit the Jew to Parliament. But let us look
for one moment at their position in reference to this
question, and the rightfulness or justice on their parts of
any offensive persistence in their present conduct,as against
the repeated and unmistakeable expression of public
opinion. No one denies the abstract right of the House
of Lords to modify or even veto any measure of state
policy, or any change in the present laws of the
realm, or any innovation on the Constitution, as
defined in the strict letter of the laws of Parliament;
but we cannot shut our eyes to the fact,
that this is a question which concerns primarily
and solely the constitution of the Houie of Com-
mons. No one as yet dreams of making a Jew a peer
of the realm, or a Privy Counsellor, or Lord High
Chancellor : the question is simply whether the people
shall elect, and the House of Commons receive, a gen-
tleman against whom there is no shadow of objection,
except that he is a Jew, and as a Jew refuses to blas-
pheme against his creed, by swearing "on the true
faith of a Christian."
Now, we submit that this is a question which may
fairly and properly be left to the people themselvee; and
to the House of Commons, who are chosen by them. If
the public opinion in England was against the admission
of the Jew to Parliament, constituencies would not confer
their suffrages on members of that persuasion. If there
were anything derogatory to, or contaminatory of, the
House of Commons by the admission of Jews, majorities
of that House would nut consent to their admission. But
the negative of both these propositions has been esablished
beyond all question—Baron Rothschild has been twice
elected by the largest and most intelligent constituency
in the empire, and the House of Commons has affirmed
by repeated majorities the propriety of those elections.
The principle contended for by the people has thus been
affirmed by the electors of London, by the House of
Commons, by the members of her Majesty's Government,
and (without at all trenching on the non-responsibility
of the head of the State), we may safely add by her
Majesty herself. The House of Lords, or rather some
ninety or a hundred Members of the House of Lords,
is the only party which opposes the measure, and
that opposition is, we take it, more on theo-
logical than on practical or constitutional grounds.
We cannot but rejoice, therefore, that the citizens of
London have confirmed Mr. Rothschild's election, be-
cause such a step is the surest way of bringing about a
solution of the difficulty. And we cannot but hope that
the House of Peers will, after this demonstration cf
public opinion, give way to a power which they cannot
conquer, and before which they must ultimately succumb

THE LATE JAMES KNOX POLK.
The Eleventh President of the United States is no
more. Mr. Polk died last Friday night near Nashville,
of a chronic diarrhozia, after a very short illness. Pre -
sident Harrison closed his career within a month of the
day of his entrance upon the duties of his office; Presi-
dent Polk in about three months after his term had ex-
pired. Of eleven ex-Presidents, Messrs. Van Buren and
Tyler alone remain among us. Mr. Polk was the
youngest man ever inaugurated as'l President ; only
49 years and four months old when he took office. His
connexions were members of the old revolutionary party
who bad aided and favoured independence before and
during the war of 1776. James Knox Polk was
born iu Mecklenburgh County, North Carolina, No-
vember 2, 1795, and at the time of his decease was 53
years and seven moths old. Some accounts make
his ancestors Irish, others Scotch; some say their
original name was Pollock, others that it was Polk.
We think it probable that they emigrated to the colo-
nies from the north of Ireland. It appears that his
branch of the family had resided in Maryland, in Penn-
sylvania, in North Carolina, and finally removed to Ten-
nessee. Andrew Jackson stated, in 1844, that he had
known James Knox Polk from his boyhood, and that " a
citisen more exemplary in his moral deportment, more
punctual and exact in business, more energetic and
manly in his expression of his opinions, and more
patriotic, does not live." Mr. Polk's father is, we think,
still alive—he was a farmer and removed to Tennessee
in 1800, when James Polk was in his 11th year; it is
also said that he acted as a surveyor, and with his
family had to toil hard for a living in the valley of the
Duck river, then a wilderness. James Polk was the
oldest of ten children, acquired the rudiments of an
English and classical education near his home, and
after years of suffering from a very painful complaint
was relieved by a surgical operation. He gained high
honours at the University of North Carolina, was assi-
duous, persevering and regular in his attendance, a good
mathematical and classical scholar. In 1819 he began
to study the law with the celebrated Felix Grundy, of
Nashville; was admitted as a member of the bar of
Tennessee in 1220; and was well employed in his line.
He served as clerk to the Tennessee Legislature,
was next a member for Maury, his place of residence,
and in 1825, in his 30th year, elected to Congress. It
he was opposed to a national bank, he hesitated to ex-
press that opinion for the first two years in which
he sat in Congress ; but after Mr. Van Buren went
to Washington as secretary, to wit, in August, 1830,
Mr. Polk began to give the Tennesseans some hints about
" the monster." Upwards of 24 years since he married
the daughter of Mr. Joel Childers, a merchant of
Rutherford county, Tennessee. Mr. Polk had no children
—was unostentatious, quiet, domestic, and religious—
not fond of show, dancing, dissipation, and late bouts,
I Mr. Polk was a member of the Presbyterian church.
It i 3 greatly to his credit that he had the reputation of
being no duellist, no gambler, but a steady opponent to
speculation. He was 14 years in Congress, and two or
three of these years Speaker, having been • chosen in
December, 1835, and in September, 1837. No more
thorough-going party man could be found than Polk;
he was very industrious, and, while on the floor of Con-
gress was reported never to have missed a vote. As he
received a vote of thanks at the close of the session of
1837 for his impartiality as Speaker, it may be inferred
that he had great control over his temper. He was a
ready debater, delivered long and animated apt eches, and
was one of the few hardworking legislators in his day.
To those who saw him when on a visit to this city,
during his Presidential term, his countenance and
manner bore the impress of anxiety and care. In
his intercourse with the public he was affable and
courteous; his voice was strong but unmusical ; he was
clear-beaed, and espablo of grasping, comprehending,
and explaining complicated matters of public interest; a
polite and attentive listener ; and so regular and devout
iu early life that during the four years that he was at
college he (Mr. Polk) never once missed prayers. His
personal character was irreproachable. "Of Mr. Polk,
as a private gentleman, and as kiviwn to us in his social
and domestic relations," said the editors of the National
Intelligencer, " we have no disposition to speak otherwise
than with entire respect."—New York Tribune.

POST-OFFICE NOTlCE.—Scarify, county Clare, Ire.
land, having been constituted a post town, the post-
office there will be opened fur the issue and payment of
money orders ou and after the 6th instant.
BEACON ON THE GOODWIN SANDS.—During the
last few days, several men under the direction of the
Trinity Board have been employed on the Goodwin,
about midssnd. It appears the object is to force, by,
means of atmospheric pressure, several lengths of cylin-
drical iron tubes into the sand until some solid mate-
rial is arrived at; each length of tube is about 10
feet long and 2i in diameter, but although six lengths
securely fastened have been made to penetrate
a depth of about 60 feet beneath the surface, no-
foundation has yet been reached. It is in contemplation
as soon as a substratum sufficiently firm is found, to place
several tubes of similar dimensions at approximate dis-
tances, and to erect a beacon thereupon. Should the
attempt succeed, and sanguine expectations are enter
tamed that it will, there exists little doubt of the impor-
tant effect of a structure of Ibis kind, in diminishing the
amount of danger to shipping on a spot proverbial for
its disasters an .d fatal coast queoces to life and property.
—Dover Ttleg7apk.
RAILWAY PASSENGERS' ASSURANCE COMPANY.—

We are glad to announce that this compa❑y is now in
full operation. Its object is the assurance of the lives of
passengers by railway; and inasmuch as Lon/ may be
received for a few pence in the event of death durii g a
single journey, we should think all railway travelers
would avail themselves of so ample a mode of providieg
for their families in the event of accident.-7 he Reporter
for July.
4.—Wind W. to W.N.W.—Arrd.
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- Southampton, Morgan, New York, and sailed