The Sun.
London, England, 1831-09-06 00:00:00

had temporized, and was holding upon Bzura (at 15 leagues
from Warsaw), while the Generalissimo Skrzynecki re •
mained at the head of the Polish forces. As soon as the
General gave in his resignation, in consequence of the sus-
picion with which he was looked upon by the ultra patriots
(lie bad been replaced on the 11th of August by General
Dembinski), Marshal Paskewitsch pushed on before Warsaw,
without waiting for the arrival of the corps of Rudiger,
a junction with whom at first appeared necessary for the
development of his operations.
It is easy to judge from this that the Russian Marshal
was in continual communication with Skrzynecki, Prince
Czartoriski, and the Provisional Government, but that he
was about to break them off as soon as the first appearance
of the popular movement of the 10th and 11th had forced
the Government to appoint. another Commander-in-Chief.
The facility with which the Russians had manoeuvred the
Poles from all their positions, shows also that the sudden
change of the Generalissimo had thrown the army into some
confusion, as it had not since been able to act with concert
or vigour.
Since the 15th and 16th, which definitively placed the
power in the hands of the partisans of a desperate defence,
it is difficult to appreciate the course which military affairs
and the present negotiation will take. Marshal Paske-
witsch, who will soon have surrounded Warsaw with a
circle of imposing forces, will probably soon have ceased
all relation with the new Polish authorities.
The Russian Cabinet, which appears to have admitted
the mediation of England and France, will object that it
can no longer treat with insensate revolutionists, who
have usurped power by massacre. Diplomatists will find
themselves much embarrassed by the sanguinary excesses
committed in the capital of Poland (if they have been
such as were represented by the Berlin Gazette), and
Russia unfortunately will be able to use the argument not
only that she desires to chastise the rebels, but that she
wishes also to deliver Warsaw from the reign of terror.
As to the Polish army and the present governing party,
it is possible, as was seen during our revolution, that a
new ardour, however important and irresistible, may be
the result of the excesses; that this first movement of
political rage should he transformed into an energetic de-
termination to conquer or die ; that the patriotic impulse
and terror combined will cause a number of volunteers to
leave Warsaw to strengthen the ranks of the army ; and
that they will rush upon the enemy with that exultation
and intrepidity which secure victory.
Amongst the details of the sanguinary days of the 15. h
and 16th, it will have been seen that General Kru-
koieski, as som as he was invested with the supreme
authority, put a stop to the massacres, and arrested their
authors ; that he bivouacked the troops of the line in the
streets and squares to prevent the renewal of excesses ;
and that the foreign Consul., seeing tranquillity re-esta-
blished, had suspended their departure.
It is possible, therefore, that under new forms and new
authorities order may be re-established at Warsaw, and
that the preparations for the national defence may be carried
on with more energy and as much regularity as before.
P.S. The Prussian Gazette, which gives us to-day,
respecting military movements, only old news, announces
in two lines that at the very recent date of the 20th, the
Russian head-quarters were still at Nadarzyn (five leagues
from Warsaw.)
The following is a communication received from Konigs-
burg, dated August 15 :
The Emperor Nicholas is not dead, but his health is
much altered. Not trusting to his own physicians, he has
sent for those of Berlin. The King of Prussia has sent
him Wichel and Ruste, besides Dr. Horne, who has been
at St. Petersburgh for the last two months.
The Government does not conceal the interest it takes
in the affairs of Russia, and thus even confounds the in-
terests of that country with those of our own.
For our own part, of all other nations our sympathies
ate most alive for the fate of Poland. Our ladies make
lint, and send it secretly to the Poles, and we likewise
send them money. Our Government, on the contrary,
furnish the Russians with arms, powder, and provisions;
and the Russians reimburse them with the cholera morbus.
In spite of all the precautions which are taken the cholera
gains ground ; it is actually within seven leagues of
l3reslaw.
It is impossible to pass the frontier of Poland ; there
is a sentinel stationed at every fifty or sixty paces distance.
'ilie Russians alone pass and repass without interruption.
The murmurings are kept under; all are sad; nothing is
spoken above a whisper. All this presages nothing good.
(From Galignani's Messenger.)
PARIS. SEPT. 3.—M. Charles Dupin was yesterday
elected a Deputy for the department of the Seine, by the
10th arrondissement Electoral College at Paris. The total
number of electors of this College is 1,298 ; the number
who came to vote 866, and consequently the absolute ma-
jority, or number necessary to secure an election, was 434.
The following were the numbers on the poll :—M.Charles
Dupin, 449 votes; M. Cambaceres, 190 ; M. Berville,
179 ; M. Dequevauvillers, 22; M. Arnaud, 17 ; M. Grille,
4; M. Pasquin, 1 ; one vote annulled.
9n Thursday the Ex-Dey of Algieez dined with the
'inister of War.
The following are the modifications of the ancient Con-
stitution of the kingdom of Saxony, presented by the Go-
vernment of the States :—" From the year 1837, the
Civil List shall be reduced from 640,000 thalers to
509,000. The integrity of the country is placed under
the protection of the States. Liberty of person and pre-
porty, equality in the eye of the law, and the indepen-
dence of the Judges, shall be established, No Jesuits nor
any Monastic Orders shall be admitted, nor any new Con•
vents established. Upper Lusatia is to retain its ancient
ecclesiastical Constitution. Future laws shall fix the
rights of such sects as are not Christians. The taxes shall
not be levied without the consent of the Staten; the King
may, during the next twelve months, continue to levy
the old taxes, but six months before the expiration of this
term he shall convoke an extraordinary meeting of the
States on that subject. The right of proposing laws shall
belong equally to the King and the States. The sittings
of the Chambers shall be public."
According to a table of the price of corn for the last
month, published in the Moniteur, it appears that for all
France the average price of wheat was 23f. 24c., showing
an increase of 45c. on that of the preceding month, and of
If. 60c. upon that of the month of June. The principal
rise has been in the departments bordering on the Mediter-
ranean, those departments that supply the markets of the
south, and those which formed ancient Brittany. This
increase is by no means surprising, as it is well known
that, until the new harvest is got in, the old stores are
gradually diminishing. Since the harvest the markets
have been scantily supplied, the farmers not being able to
quit more urgent labours to proceed to thrashing. Conse.
quently, the prices have not fallen ; but in all probability
they will be lower during the present month. Upon the
whole the harvest has been very satisfactory, with the ex-
ception of some few districts near the Mediterranean ; and
it is to be hoped by the month of October prices will be-
come more moderate. The low prices of the years pre-
ceding 1827 must not be expected ; another good harvest
may, however, restore them.
The following is an extract of a private letter from
Montpellier :—" On the 26th ult., in the evening, five
Carliste, on coming out of a public-house at St. Am-
broise, in the department of the Gard, passed before the
barracks, in which were two companies of the 34th regi-
ment. They insulted the national colours, as well as two
serjeants who were at the gate, and made such a distur-
bance that the commander came to the window, and ordered
the two serjeants to seize them. This was immediately
attempted, but the serjeants were assailed with a shower
of stones, and one of them knocked down by a blow on
the head. The other soldier laid hold of one of the
rioters, but perceiving that he was about to stab him with
a pair of compasses, and at the same time believing that
his comrade was killed, lie drew his sword, and ran it
through the body of his opponent, who died a few minutes
afterwards. A strong patrol paraded the streets, and the
public peace was not further disturbed."
RUSSIAN HEAD-QUARTERS, NADARZYN, Atm. 18.—
On the 17th, the Russian army having left Lowicz, the.
Poles gave up their station, and turned back towards
Blonie. The Russians followed this movement; the ad-
vanced guard, commanded by General De Witt (belonging
to the infantry brigade of General Murawiew of the Ist
Grenadier Division), with a party of Hussars and Lan-
cers, went through Bolimow to Szymanow on the Pistia
(river.) The light cavalry and Emperor's Royal Guards
followed the same route. The corps of Pahlen, the 3d
Grenadier Division, and Horse thigade, formed another
detachment, which set off to Bzura. General Noatitz,
with the Hussar Brigades, and the Light Horse Artillery,
marched to Socharzew. There were to remain at Lowiez
two battalions and 24 squadrons of the army of reserve at
Bolimow, at the bridge over the Rawka. The Poles have
dug trenches, thrown up false walls, and built temporary
forts; to the right of the Rawka as far as the Pistia, the
same cautious steps have been taken. At Szynsanow the
bridge was broken down, notwithstanding which there
was a smart affair, the enemy was put to flight, many
killed on the spot, and part of the town
iassettokni tire.G Genera
Field-Marshal took up his quarters .at
Pahlen was obliged to quarter at Pistia. ;he entraenrcael
of General Nostitz at Socharzew, the city had been
plundered ; there was a skirt-nigh between the advanced
guards; and on the 16th, orders were gtven to Lobar:el ,
but the enemy had already advanced so far that thebridge
was burnt, anti the army rentaine in the vicinity of Blome,