The Sun.
London, England, 1838-01-16 00:00:00

STATE OF TRADE.

( From the Leeds Mercury.)
LEEDS —The fog of Saturday last was so dense that the
Coloured Cloth flail was almost in total darkness for nearly
half an hour after the opening. It brightened up, however,
towards the latter end of the market, and business to a con-
siderable extent was transacted. On Tuesday the market we 4
brisk at both halls, but without any advance in prices. Al"
though there have been a few buyers in the town during the
week, we do not hear of much business being done in the
warehouses. _ _

Ikims.asFlELD.—This market was particularly brisk for
the season, and a great deal more business was done than for
many weeks past, particularly in low cloths for shipment
abroad, and at prices fully equal to those lately realized.
BaAnFotttr.—'l'he increased demand for yarn during the
last few weeks has enabled the spinners to reduce their
stocks. This makes prices firmer, and they will not sell
without an advance; the trade being tolerably brisk, buyers
arc compelled reluctantly to submit. It is not the least
portant feature in the wool market, that the demand is quite
equal to the supply of both Foreign and English wool. Lois
wools, particularly fine sorts, are very scarce, and a slight ad'
vance may be obtained upon previous quotations.
11/y.IF/ix. There was a very thin attendance of buyers,
and consequently but little business done ; the goods sold were
at very low rates.
• DEWSBURY.—On account of the demand for goods for borne
consumption not being so great, rather less business was done.
Prices the same as last week.
ROCIIDALE.—The flannel market was very thinly attended,
and less business done than for two months past. Fine and
middle qualities sold best. Buyers were offering much lower
prices.
WAKEFIELD.—We have to report a continued active dc'
mend for all combing-wools, and more than the average
amount of sales, at a little improvement on the prices of 154
week. For the lower qualities of short wool there is a fel',
inquiry,' but the finer descriptions still remain in nails request'
Tn. IRON TuADE.--The demand for iron, during the last
fortnight. has been extremely brisk, and there has been some
advance in prices. The present price of common bars ig ,
per ton, shipped at Cardiff or Newport.
MANCHESTER. —There has been less doing in the goods'
market since the commencement of the new year than for se-
vcral weeks previous, and it is with some difficulty the price;
that were current last month arc obtained. Power-loom
ing calicoes are less inquired for, the buyers evidently looking
fin- a reduction in price ; the best 27-inch 72's are wortleri
7s. ItEd. to Bs., inferior sorts 7s. fid. to 7s. 93; itd. re°
27-inch, 7s. to 7s. 41d. a piece. Hand-loom cloth is still
c:dedly flat; the manufacturers are unable to sell in quantrti
at last mouth's priers, although both yarn and wages are higher
than they were three weeks ago. Twist remains inanimate.-""
Manchester Advertiser of Saturday.

An idea has very generally prevailed, that 1837 vras
a year of great financial depression, more especially as r°'
grrded Liverpool. On an inspection of the returns of th
°
national revente, now completed, we are happy to state, 64;
in respect to the most important branch of the revenue, namely'
the customs, this alarm is in a material degree groundle3l'
The decrease on the general return for the year is 890.156,`'
Liverpool contributes to the customs about 4,250,000 t
being nearly one-fourth of the whole. So that, had the dei
erearie in the custom receipts at Liverpool been in the ratio
her contribution, the returns for the year Would have exhibit
a decrease of about 222,000 L ; whereas the actual decrease's
only 89,3241., or a proportion of one-tenth, instead of one;
fourth: It is further gratifying to observe, that although 11;
customs collected at this port have decreased as above stated'
upon the account for the whole year, yet that the return for the
last quarter of 1837 exhibits an improvement upon the cal-
sponding quarter of 1636, to the amount of nearly 50,000 e
Whatever temporary langour, therefore, our commerce 11'3.7
have experienced, this is a cheering token that it is fast roe
greasing towards complete recovery. —Liverpool Courier.
THE. WANDERING PIPER.—The 'Windsor
press contains the following remarkable particulars concerli
the travels, receipts, and charitable donations of the celchrate_,
" Wandering Piper." He performed at the Town-hall 70
Windsor on Monday list. A gentleman who had seen 11.
book of receipts and disbursimuents gives this account of /1'(;(1,;.,
Since he commenced his tour in the United S ,
.States and 01,i
tish America, he bad travelled 9,256 miles by water, 4,00 e,
stages, 758 by railroads, 8,7(59 with a horse and carriagici
making in all 22,708 miles, besides crossing the Atlantic!: ,
short drives of pleasure, which must amount to a very constuicla
rable distance, during a period of four years. His receipts .3t
disbursements in America stood thus ;—Monev reccive"
'performances, 27,000 dollars ; given to charitable instituti°l;,
in the United States and British provinces, 12,000 donlros
The English mill Scotch have long been famed for perf°l.tic
extraordinary feats is walking, wrestling, and other atb tios
sprts--ani many of the first noblemen have begged, 5` it
ballads, and sold pies, for large stagers ; but the Pil'cr; id
seems, bound himself to perform a task which should 'that
unrivalled in the annals of sporting, and it would appear tea
he is pretty confident of success, as he now publicly offers or
thousand guineas to any gentleman, possessed of a sir°
sum, who will perform the feat over again.
1 rJ
On Saturday last a great number of very fine 'OderY
horses, which have been purchased by Captain Ales.ang
of
Forbes, of Firth-gill-house, in this county, fur the servic to
Don Carlos, passed through this town on their road
stag
Southampton. to tN hich port they are going by easy
to be shipped for Spain.—Halifax Guardian.
Mr. Sinclair, we are told, has been singing sprier
great success at Ipswich, where he has just concluded a sr.sion,
but profitable engagement, by performing for his benefit va
Camillo in th opera of shelled slr, and Captain Too'
the operatic entertainment of Englishmen in _lndia.
1)0e
GOTHA, DEC. 29.—His Royal Highness ter.
Alexander Wirtemburg and his consort arrived here Yes
i=cd
day morning from Coburg, and alighted at the palace PreP3
for their reception.

I. I

TER AT URE.

DIARY OF THE TIAIES OF GE ,ti( TIIE
FOURTH-2
CoMurn, Lontron, 1838.
This is not so much a " Diary Illustrative of the Tim2s of
George 1V.," as a collection of fashionable anecdotes and
gossiping reminiscences of the EXUtttsives of his (lay. Wc
gather from it little of the palities of that perivol, but much
of the tone of conversation prevalent among the • higher
classes, which by-the-hye is pretty nearly the same as ;t
now, and ever at iii be, nn long as England poss.esses a wealthy
and luxurious aristocracy. Who the author of the
Diary" may be, we know not ; but
,judging front tut, `rllal
e,videner—for the volumes bear the stamp of authenticity
should suppose that he was one who had mixed long
and familiarly with the highest ranks in the kingdom and
%low in the autumn of his life, had, by tray Of occupying his
leisure hours, and diverting the attacks of ennui, recalled
the recollections of the gay scenes in which he was once
an
actor, We cannot but think, however, that he is some-
what premature in his revelations, fur many of them have
reference to people who are still living ; and wls must
naturally feel annoyed at finding themselves thus uncere-
moniously dragged into print. The greater portion of the
Volumes is made up of anecdotes illustrative of the private
character and habits of Queen Caroline, many of whose
letters, Whimsical as they are in point of expression, and
racy as are their descriptions of the public men of her day,
tight never to have seen the light—at leststnot for some years
to come, when those whom she has so freely dealt with
Lave passed off the stage of life. The anecdotes of the
Princess Charlotte, which are numerous, have, most of
them, the recommendation of novelty, and display hor cha-
racter, if not in a very diffident or amiable, at least in a
Very striking light. Of George the Fourth, respecting
whose last moments some extraordinary revelations aro
made, the author speaks in a manner any thing but favour-
able, though he frankly admits, what indeed all the world
knows, that he had great powers.of conversation, and that
his address, when he desired to make a favourable impres-
sion, was most fascinating. Altogether, the " Diary" is a
very readable one, and will be sure to create what is
called " a sensation," though there are many pages that
should have been cancelled, and more than one fashionable
hit of scandal that should have been curtailed of its matter-
of-fact minuteness. We have beard it whispered that the
author is not a gentleman, but a lady,—that, in fact, it is
to the pen of' Lady Charlotte Bury that we are indebted
for the Diary. We must confess this fact (if fact it be)
surprizes us not a little. As a specimen of the style in
which the volumes are written, we quote a singular anec-
dote, the blanks in which the reader must fill up as he
please.,
E. Duchess of -, was to her dying day a most fascinating
'woman, but the moral character she bore was hot tavourabie, since she
Was accused of gallantries and intrigues of all descriptions. The well-
known story other having agreed with her friend G. Duchess of --
to exchange their children, should the offspring of the latter prove to
be a girl, is the principal fault of which she stands aeCused. Perhaps,
however, she veal calumniated; but certain It Is, that an eye-witness
related to me a circumstance which seemed to confirm the truth of this
black story. The present Duke ------ appeared for a length of time to
have a strong aversion to his mother-in-law, the sometime Lady -,
and one day when she hung Over him and kissed his forehead, the Duke
turned away as though he bad been touched by a basilisk. But subse-
quently, after his repeated visits to her when she resided chiefly at
Rome, his manner entirely changed, and he evinced the utmost plea.
sure in her society, and the greatest affection for her person. It was
Mid that this change in his feelings towards her was wrought by the
buchess having declared to him the secret of his birth, and his being
her own child, It is also said that this great man cannot marry. Many
Are the fair and noble who have aspired to become Duchess of , yet
they have all been dtsappointed. Rumour says, the Duke is only suf-
fered by the rightful heir to enjoy the title and estates for his lifetime,
in or..ler not to disgrace the family by a disclosure of the truth. But
!eossibly the whole of these suppositions are false, and perhaps the Duke
of -has never married because he would not be espoused for the sake
of his great name and fortune, If, however, it is true that he holds his
station on such a tenure, what afausse position! Can It have afforded
him one hour's real pleasure ? This romance in real life was once dra-
snatized under the title of" The False Friends," and that by a friend of
the - family ; yet, strange to say, the authoress of the ph). did not
incur their displea
clever sure,
wom an E. Duchess of ---completed her reputation
snider the ros
E,
by performing the part of ambassadress,
e, from the Court of England to the Papal See. One of
the occasions on which she exercised her sway over the Pope was, when
the Queen Caroline (which she was then become) returned to Rome the
last time, on her way back to England, The Duchess prevented his
Holiness from showing her Majesty the smallest civility, and he refused
her a guard of honour, or any of the honours due to her rank. It was
a weak and servile trait of character in Pius VI. to allow himself to
change his conduct towards the Queen, whom he had formerly received
With so much courtesy ; but Cardinhl Gonzalvi it was, who probably
regulated him in this, as in most other points, and he was, as is well
known, subject to the Duchess of D-, who was desperately in love
with the Cardinal. Whenever she saw him approach, her whole framo
was in trepidation, and no girl of fifteen ever betrayed a more romantic
passion for her lover than did this distinguished, but then antiquated
lady, for the Cardinal. It is to be doubted whether he returned the
tender passion, but his idea of the Duchess's consequence at the English
Court induced him to se laisser aimer.'

MEMOIRS OF JOSEPH HO.LT, GENERA L OF
THE IRISH REBELS IN 1798. In 2 Vols.
London, Henry Colburn, 1838.
The manuscript of this piece of very interesting autobio-
graphy was placed in the hands of the Editor, Mr. F.
Crofton Croker, by Sir William Betham, to whom it was
given by a member of Holt's family after his decease in
1826. Its authenticity is therefore unquestionable, were it
wanting, which it is not, in that internal evidence which
carries the surest conviction to the mind of every reader of
any real discernment. Holt was originally a respectable
Protestant farmer in the county of Wicklow, who took no
part in pokas, and who, up to the period when the tyranny
of a neighbouring scoundrel of an Orangeman copelled
h:ri to join the rebels, was only distinguished for hism sober
mid industrious habits. Having unfortunately given offence
to a squircen, whom the Government of that day thought
not unworthy to perform the functions of a magistrate,
the consequence
was, that to revenge an old grudge,
be was denounced as an United Irishman, and his
house set in flames before he was aware that
he was suspected of entertaining a thought hostile to
the royal authority. Knowing that after such a mani-
festation of the ruthlessness of his old enemy, inno-
cence would be no protection, he joined the rebels, to
whom his strong natural abilities soon recommended him
as the most worthy to be their leader. His advancemen •
• was rapid. In a few months, during which he givs proafs
of great personal courage, and a sagacity that baffled al l
the calculations of the King's officers, he was intrusted
with the chief command, under the title of General. He
appears to have been naturally as humane and generous as
he was brave and fruitful in perilous expedients. He had
a strong innate sense of justice ; abhorred treachery whe-
ther in friend or foe ; and never wantonly suffered his men
to shed blood, or destroy property. He was a fatalist,
and if his dreams be related rightly, we arc not astoaishad
at it. Twice (lid he owe his life to przter-natural
warnings in sleep, of which he tells us be knew the
import the instant he awoke ; and it cannot be doubted but
that had he neglected them in all human probability he could
not have escaped an ignominious death. Amidst all his
varied career, Holt never ceased to consider himself as an
especial object of divine protection nor does it appear that
he was e‘er forgetful of those religious observances which
he had practised in the days of his innocence. Neverthe-
less his narrative is very defective, and his estimate of the
abilities of the rebel chiefs proves that he could not bear
to consider any man of much importance to the insurgents
but himself. His over-wecning vanity peeps out in every
Page, and the reflections in which he occasionally indulges
Prove him utterly unacquainted with the plans and early
resources of the United Irishmen. Holt surrendered to
Lord Powerseourt was transported to Botany Bay
distinguished himself there for good conduct, and returned
to his native country, where he lived many years in the
"lament of a good name. and a moderate competence.
The work is carefully annotated and embellished with a
Portrait of Holt, which the Editor assures as is a very
faithful and striking likeness. The following extract from
it is as applicable to the state of Lower Canada now as
it was to that of Ireland in 1798 :
" I have already made some observations on the causes which led to
the
cruel shedding of blood at this period. The conspiracy to overturn
the government and constitution cannot be questioned, and that it was
e,h.itils confined to the lowest orders of the people, is also true, but it
not originate with them ; of the intricate manceuvres of the
planners of the scheme, who were among the higher classes of society,
call give no account. My acquaintance with rebels, and appearance
t,n'Ong the principal actors in the rebellion, was accidental; if I had not
Placed exactly in the circumstances in which I stood, I should iu
al 'probability have been on the other side of the question. My habits,
`4
mid inclinatinns were that way ; but like many others, strange
r:tt May appear, I was 'driven into rebel ion to save my life. Nor was
,Y rase one cf uneommon occurrence. Many an unfortunate man was
Int to death by the yeomen, without inquiry or investigation, merely en
jhe cry being raised against him, or the mere assertion of his enemy that
I—, was a United Irishman, and after his murder no inquiry took Ono.
an, been acquainted with many instances within my own knowledge,
4 Yeoman who, when he had got on his neighbour's horse, and his.
~:jestY's cloth on his hick, proceeding to revenge any old grudge or
een Y
airs' Which perhaps 'had been rankling in his vindictive breast 1..1
a;;ainst an unfortunate neighbour, especially against the Rumen
; but it was not confine' to them. I have heard a man fay,
is mY time, I will have revenge and satiTaclion." The result
the miserable object of his dislike was shot, and Vie murderer's
-"ctise w-s • tmurdered an United man, he had a right to
that as the was
min. Martial law being in force, no further impiry toot; place. s '

•-•

On tick lihe is:.'ii,4l',opulation became alarmed, not knowing who wontd
ti's iriext victim 5 the p,,r people q9ittcrl tteir and had
•
their nightly meztings toco!t4ult %;',+4.t ..s oe• t to be done ; (heir alt-
senCZ from borne ss'as , sufficient evidence of guilt, and the)
genertsl;',- to the resolution that it was better to make a common
cause against their oppressors, than tq wait trs.bst wltholdt mercy at
home. Thus they became feeling acutely the wrongs
and oppression th” nail suffered—they grew more like enraged tigers
that and woe to the unhappy yeoman who fell into their power,
he was instantly put to death, often be a fool alld fiti•7hice.,l torture.
The soldiers of the regn'ar great degree, from acting with the
yeomanry, Met feelings, and indulged in cruelties With at.
s.slesit;P:!. spirit, but generally speaking the animosity existed in the
brcast of the Irish peasant in its most exaggerated i;liat4ti'l"fgal_nst the
yeomanry. The murder, Os esti,' 4tit,so, orangeman or yeoman,
was considered t_.! Wool a meritof ions act of justice, and that of a
retC.: by the loyal party as no crime. These were grievous times, but
these crimes, horrible as they were, originated in tlie infotsi tOischief
Sod wickedne3s which exists in stii'M litrOfel Eacb party accused the
other of ertieltr blrktrous inhumanity, and the accusation on both
sides "tilts just ; each were guilty, atrociously guilty, but each justified
himself with the idea that his abo-ninable arts work' 'slit the Just retalia-
tion of previous wrongs. Thiit hart i,ieii CoMmit a wrong, and set fire
to a train of inischtiq which, when ignited, puts a wholecountry in a
flames! thigery and crime. My heart sickens at the recollections of
Ins unhappy period ; and I feel that I haVe tail eat lh fir Adel tiihttgb of
it. I have no desire to colestf the trife,es of cittmr parry, but I think it
my duty as an thinii),Alt hian, to explain the causes which led to these me_
lanch'ily results. The fol!owing is net a bad exemplification of this
o•dinion :—When I wanted to recruit my forces, I would sew', A. party to
bring me a gentleman's or yeoman's horse, or play some mischievous
trick upon them : the invariable reoult was, that in twenty-frur hours
some unfortunate man would be shot for it, and I would have plenty of
recruits flocking in to my standard, who would relate that such an oc-
currence had haPpened, and that such a man was shot for it—the victim
was generally a man of quiet and inoffensive habits. I usually replied,
it served him right, why did he not join me. If he had, he would
now be living."'

NE W EDINBURG- h AL MAN ACK.
Oliver and Boyd, Edinburgh, 1838.
There ie an immense mass of useful, practical knowledge.
enntained in this small, handsome-looking duodecimo, which
is a work that no Scottish man of business should be with-
out. It comprisos every thing that is most likely to be of
service tohim—for we find in it, firstly, a calendar and tide-
table ; secondly, useful tables, and information on matters
of commerce, agriculture, law, chronology, and statistics ;
thirdly, a general register for the British empire ; fourthly,
a national register, ci%il and ecclesiastical, for Scotland ;
and lastly, a register for tho city and county of Edinburgh.
The work has been most carefully got up, and is very rea-
sonable, in point of price.

BURKE'S COMMONERS OF GREAT BRITAIN
AND IRELAND. PARTS XIV., XV.
Colborn, London, 1838.
This splendid and elaborate work, which is a genealo-
gical and heraldic history of the Commoners of the
United Kingdom, who enjoy territorial possessions, or
high official rank, but are uninvested with heritable ho
flours, is the production of Mr. John Burke, well and fa-
vourably known to the public, by his dictionaries of the
Peerage and Biaronetage, and also of the extinct and
dormant Peerage. The work before us is compiled witl,
quite as much tact and care as either of its popular pre-
decessors, and cannot fail to be acceptable to a large body
of our British gentry, who are naturally proud of their an-
cestors, and anxious to have their memories refreshed on
the subject of their various marriages and intermarriages
We should not omit to add that the coats of arms are
affixed by Mr. Burke to his genealogical account of each
particular family.

S 0 U THE Y' S POEMS, VOL. 3.
London, Longman, 1838.
This volume contains the well-known lines on " 41-le
Devil's Walk," which were for a long time attributed to
the pen of Porson, but which Mr. Southey has here re-
claimed as his own lawful property. The volume is embel-
lished with two beautiful engravings—one of the lake of
Keswick, and of the poet's cottage.

THE ECCLESIASTICAL LEGAL GUIDE.
No. 111. London, J. S. Hodgson, 1838.
Were the Clergy of the Established Church but half so
learned in the spirit of the Gospel as they are in the laws
by which benefices may be augmented without transgres-
sing the Statutes against Simony, England could boast of
the most religious Priesthood in the world. To the
majority of the higher Clergy a Legal Guide is superfluous,
inasmuch as an attorney is as necessary to a pluralist as
a bell-ringer to a poor Curate, who is doomed to feed a
flock and starve himself on seventy pounds a-year. But
law-loving Priests, who have not a legal adviser at their
elbow, will find this publication well worth their patronage.
It is conducted by a Barrister, upon whose knowledge of
Ecclesiastical Law and Usage it reflects great credit.

DELINEATIONS, PHYSICAL, INTELLEC-
TUAL,'" AND MORAL. By S. BRA-ow.
London, Shaw and Sons, 1838.
This little work, which is written in a series of letters,
intended to exemplify the philosophy of Christianity, and its
adaptation to the improveable nature of the human spe-
cies, is dedicated to her Majesty the Queen. It is plea
singly written, and a ill furnish the young with a powerful
antidote against scepticism and irreligion.

POPULAR TREATISE ON THE DISEASES
OF THE HUMAN .TEETIL By J. L. Mbrnrur.
London, Whittaker and Co. 1838.
The title of this treatise sufficiently indicates the sub-
ject of it. It is embellished with twelve engravings.
Technical terms are avoided, but it is too long and too
matter-of-fact even to be-what tha name imports—popular.

MACULLOCH'S COURSE of ELEMENTARY
READING, LESSONS is PROSE and VERSE,
and SECOND READING BOOK.
Oliver and Boyd, Edinburgh, 1838.
These are works designed exclusively for the use of
schools ; they arc compiled by Mr. Macculloch, and
would seem to have met with great success, for we per-
cieve that all of them have gone through four or five
editions. The selections made by the compiler are
creditable to his taste and judgment ; they'are from
the works of the best writers in prose and verse, in the
language.

THE ANALYST.
Simpkin and Marshall, London, 1838.
There arc many able essays on literary and scientific
matters in this Number ; foremost among which wc
may mention the paper entitled Two Chapters illus-
trative of the Character and Conduct of James the
First," which is the production of one ;cell versed in
the period of which he treats, and the strange per-
sonage he pourtrays.

A HISTORY 07% Bitrllsll BIRDS, Part IV.
El WILLIAM rAnnmLL
London, Van Voorst.
The woodcut illustrations of this work arc v: ry beauti-
fully executed ; and judging from the merits of the parts
which have already appeared, we can conscientiously re-
commend it to the patronage of those who devote any por-
tion of their time to the study of this very delightful branch
of natural history.

That veteran sportsman, Lord Lonsdale, follows
the bounds with even youthful ardour. His Lordship has bad
a constant round of visitors at Cottesmere Lodge, Oakham.
TfIE PROVOST OF HAMILTON'.--A report of
proceedings in the Town Council of Hamilton appears in to-
day's Argue: containing the record of a curious whimsy, in
which the chief Magistrate of that burgh has indulged. He
refuses, it seems, to authenticate by his signature a petition
against additional endowments, approved of by a majority of
the Council. As Chairman of the Council, it was his duty
to authenticate the pe ition by his signature, if r.'quired : he
does not by so doing compromise his individual opinions; but,
by refusing, he acts contrary'to the duty of his office. The
line of policy to be pursued by the Council is simple : give
the Provost a day or two to reflect ; if he still refuses, appoint
another of their number to authenticate the petition by his
signature; pass a vote of censure on the Provost. We be-
lieve Provost Hamilton has more sense than to allow matters
to come to this extremity. He was in Paris during the Three
Days (scandalous people have reported that he imbibed a com-
fortable portion of the rum taken by Patriot hands from the
cellars of the Tuillcri, s), and that visible. lesson of the folly
of a ruler who infringes the rights of the people,
null guide
his conduct his conduct, now that he is raised to be a ruler
himself.— Glasgow Argus.
On Wednesday last, January 10, the Reformers of
Beverley celebrated the formation of their Association
by a dinner at the Assembly-rooms. Thomas Sandwith,
Lsq., the Mayor, in the chair. In spite of the severity
of the weather 250 of the electors of Beverley attended.
Messrs. George Rennie and JoITIC3 Clay, the Reform candi-
dates for the Borough at the recent general election, were
also present. On this occasion highly complimentary ad-
dresses, and two very handsome snuff-boxes,were presented to
Messrs. Rennie and Clay, from the Reformers of Beverley,
as testimonials of their approbation of the exertions of those
gentlemen, in the Ctlll3o, of reform and purity of election. On
the following night a meeting was held at the Tmvn-ball o.`
above 800 persons. On both occasion,,, Messrs. Rennie arm
Clay took an opportunity. of recommending temperate peti-
tions in favour of coneloatory measures towards the Canadians.
It is more than probable that a numerously-signed petition to
this effect will be presented from the Borough of Beverley.

SECONI) iftilfTtli ejANADA.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

Brxanstone=s,quttre, Jan. 12, 1838:
Slll, sert• our Joti.nal et thb y,fr, that yott ngfee
ith me, that the Canadians would have persevered nSuch
longer to se• k redress of their grievances in a constitutional
^curse, bit pjy,,L?rd Josn ;Russell's ill fitntrre ettrinp pf
Coercive i.esoluctc its ; and that you earinot iseil ileny tfil2
,:harge I make against his Lordship, that it was he who, by
unconstitutional:proceedings against the Canadians, has
mainly: ptorlfteo tit itt4k-rectioo aditlitie.,4 by
t has been by the Select Committee of the House of Com-
aion, and by the Commissioners sent to Canada to make
heal opfir6sged them Jot- naßny
inquiries there, that the French Canadians
for
numerous
ib Ohitiett Parliatn6nt tad th 6
ah_rneighdartto•
without at any taele
Yhinfeiegdriiifiieeeta-qd7ol effnlieat6:l;mef.::irficssresistance to Great Britain.
It Iyas, tho,teforiii yhty, tionduCt of her
,Majesty'a Ministers
awl of the House of Commons, in the tali mess-'on; ta,i so
shamefully violating the constitutional rights of their bmi-
.titution of 1791 that first induced the discontented Cana-
dians to think of armed resistance io British dtil.:Gritjr
In the same article you quote from a speech of Mr. Huskis-
son, on the 2d of May, 1828, the following extract
eattfettlptating Me nature of lite Constitution provided
for the Canaries, we must always bear in mind the great and
leading principle on which this country has ever acted in regard
to her political relations,- both foreign and domestic—l meals the
m-intenance of national honour and good faith. In this case it
is necessary for us to maintain the good.filith of the engage-
ments entered into by this country with the French Settlers, who
constituted the original population of those colonies. By the
Constitution given to the Canadas in 17101, the Legislature of
England reserved to itself the liberty to alter, vary, and amend the
Government of those t. olonies as it may thinh proper."
Mr. Labouchere has informed yoU that it was the intention of
the British Legislature to give to tlie French poptilatiOn thepoii-
tical power both in the Legislative Assembly, and in the House of
Assembly. The Canadians complain that the British Government
have never fulfilled the engagements made with them ix 1790;
that the British Government have always maintained in the
Legislative Council a British party instead of a French party
influence, which has consequently always been at variance with
the House of Assembly in which the French influence has
prevailed, and that influence has prevented that harmony in
the Legislature which the welfare of the people and the pro-
sperity of the Province required. The influence of the
House of Assembly has always been that of the great mass of
the people which it represented, and of two third; at the
least, of the landholders and proprietors of the colony; and
the measures of the House of Assembly have been directed
to promote the general interest of-the people; whilst the in-
fluence of the Members of the Legislative Assembly has,
on the contrary, always been that of a few British office-holders
and half-pay British officers, who had little or no stake or in-
terest in the prosperity of the province, but who had an inte-
rest in maintaining a system which increased offices, and kept
up large salaries for themselves and dependents at the expense
of the people and against the best interests of the province.
The Canadians have long complained of that state of power
in the province, and I have in my place in Parliament re-
echoed that complaint. The British Legislature had the
power (as Mr. Huskisson has stated) of altering and amending
the Constitution of 1791 as it might think proper for the
interests of the colony and of the Crown ; and the British
Ministers have been culpable in not proposing the alterations
in that Constitution which were necessary to make the Legis-
lative Council act in harmony with the House of Assembly;
and thereby prevent the discontent and misrule which has
continued for so many years in that province, and which has
:,ow broken oat in open armed resistance to British authority.
I allege that no valid excuse can be assigned by any Ministers
for these twenty years past for not fulfilling the engagements
made by Britain in 1791 with the French Canadians ; and her
Majesty's present Ministers appear to me to be specially cul-
pable for the gross neglect they have shown to the complaints
of the Canadians, when brought before them by Commissioners
sent out by Lord Melbourne to Lower Canada,
expressly to
ascertain, and to report the actual state of the grievances of
that people. The perusal of the Reports laid on the table of
the House of Commons last year, from that Commission, will
show that the Legislative and Executive Councils were then,
as heretofore, the chief causes of the excitement and discon-
tent in that province. It was generally expected that a great
charge would be made in the formation of the Legislative
Council, to meet the views of the Canadians; and Sir Charles
Gray, ono of the Commissioners, gave it as his deliberate
opinion, after a year's residence in the country, that it would
not be wise for the Imperial Parliament to interfere, unless it
was prepared to make a comprehensive and permanent altera-
tion. This view will appear sufficiently clear by ode para-
graph of his Minute, recorded in the Papers on the table of
the House of Commons :

" I .should regard it in present circumstances as a
wise resolution to make either no application at all to the Im-
!Jovial Parliament, or onefo; a comprehensive and pc/mane:it ad-
justment. At the same time, lam obliged to say that I bare
no hope of the troubles of the Province, as it is at present
constituted, being settled by the existing Canadian Legis-
lature."

Lord John Russell caled upon the Imperial Parliament to
interfere, and by resolutions, carried by 318 to 56, violated the
most valued Constitutional rights of a Representative Go-
, vernment—the robbing of the Exchequer—and his,,Lordship
Id so without stating, at the time, either to Parliament or to
the public, what measures he intended fbr the permanent
adjustment of the dissensions existing in the Colony. _ His
supporters gave him and his colleagues their confidence that,
after obtaining these extraordinary powers, they would be pre-
pared to redress the complaints of the Canadians ; and his
Lordship had the mature opinion of Sir Charles Gray to
warn him against the British Parliament interfering in the
Affairs of the Legislature of Canada, unless on a comprehen-
sive and iffieient scale, by which he might hope to settle the
wide-spread irritation and discontent. He was told by myself
and others at tine time, when the House agreed to these ill-
starred Resolutions, that he would only aggravate, by these
proceedings, the dissatisfaction, unless he was prepared by
conciliation to grant redress of their just demands. The Minis-
ters, supported by a large majority of the Parliament, per-
severed in violating the Constitutional rights of the Canadian
Legislature, adding, as I hare repeatedly said, insult to the
properly slid that what they in j
Tu e befo
re
Chronicle inflicted.
asl,ery
"con-
sider of more importance is, a frank declaration on the part
qf the British Government and of Parliament, of Me
plans to be adopted after the Rebellion shell be suppressed.
If Lower Canada is to he reconquered, and held by a superior
force of British soldiers, then we really should consider the ob-
,ject unworthy of the expense."
I was very anxious to know what measureshad been adopted
by Ministers to conciliate the Canadians, after Parliament had
agreed to the ill-starred resolutions. It will
ppenr by the
Correspondence of Lord Glenelg and Earl Gosford, that the
most drivelling and inefficient proceedings that were ever
adopted on an occasion of such importance as that of peace or
war in Canada hare been carried on.
I had expected to learn that her Majesty's Ministers, had
at the time of forwarding those Coercive Resclutions, directed
measures to be immediately adopted for securing to the Legis-
lative Council a greater degree of public confidence, and 'o
improve the composition of the Executive Council, by reforms,
to which Parliament were pledged, and which were essential
to prevent the increased excitement that might reasonably be
expected, on the publication of the naked Resolutions, if unat-
tended with any conciliatory plans. The public will be greatly
disappointed, when they learn that no such conciliatorymeasures
were directed or adopted. A copy of the Coercive Resolutions
was sent by Lord Glenelg to Earl Gosford, written on the 11th
of March, Atith a hope expressed, that tie almost unanimous
decision of the House of Commons might have a s tiutary effect
on the province; but nothing whatever in the way of reform
or concession appears to have been done by her Majesty's
Ministers or by Earl Gesford, to secure a greater degree of
confidence in the Canadians, fur the Legislative or Executive
Councils, until October, when, at last, orders arrived, and ten
new members were added to the Legislative Council, and
three to the Executive. For upwards of six months, from
April to October, the public mind of Lower Canada was
allowed to be agitated at the violation of their constitutional
rights, under the sanction of the Imperial Parliament. Public
meetings, numerously attended, took place, and resolutions cx
pressing, in as strong language as could be penned, the indig-
nation and disappointment which the receipt of these resolutions
had produced. The House of Assembly were called together to
grant supplies for the arrears of former years, and the resolu.,
lions of the Imperial Parliament were at the same time submittedie
to them, with an assurance that if they did not Tote the
supplies required by Parliament. that his Lordship Nwould be
w
undo; the disagreeable necessity of exercising the power .
hid obtained, and pay the arrears of the public servants en 11•
out the sanction of the House of Assembly. No concessio,
whatever to the demands of the Canadians was made at the
time their constitutional rights were violated, and nothing
but a vague promise was held out of alterations intended_to
made in the composition of the Executive and Legisielfre
be
Councils. The Canadians had been promised, after the
_u.c t
Com-
mittee in 1828, that the composition of those Councils should
be altered, so as to make them work in harmony with I
House of Assembly ; but these promises had never been ful
filled, and the House of Assembly positively refused to "te
the Lord
supplies required, or trust coy more to promises.
Gosford directed bills to be drawn on England Lr money from
' the British Treasury, to pay the arrears stated in the Bth 11-
solution, but took no measures to fulfil the pledges givct! in
the 4th mid sth Resolutions, to place the Legislative
Council'
more in the confidence of the people.
The coercive Resolutions, therefore, by the Minister::
not fulfilling the pledges of the Impel-L:1 Parliament,
as expressed in the 4th and sth Resolutions, tended not
only to increase the indignation of the already discos
tented, but also to irritate those who had reprelrnded the
conduct of the House of Assembly fur refusine suPPlie'
Lord Gosford in a despatch to 'Lord Glenerg, of tli
25th of May last, says :—" I must, however, here observe
that the feeling against the Imperial Parliament, authorizing
the taking of the money out of the chest, is very strong, slid
even those who repudiate the withholding of the supplies by tit'
Assembly cannot refrain front an expression of disaiTro
bation at this part of Lord John Russell's resolutio"."
His Lordship has also sent to Lord Gleneig a copy of a
lle-
solution agreed to at a meeting of French Canadians, which,"
expresses that the recent appointments to the Legislative
Council would not be satisfaetory to the people; but, on th,
contrary, that they considered the Council more hosile to
the rights and liberties of the Province than the former Coun-
cil had been, and that they were not deserving of public con
fidenee—that they regarded the reformed Executive Counei;
with contempt, as many of the Members had no propertY, nl
any interest whatever in the R-ovince, and would give the
same opposition to the people of the province as the former
Council had done.

I submit, after this statement of the prOCeeciirgs of the Go