The Sun.
London, England, 1849-07-21 00:00:00

THE Sri Ns LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, JULY 215 1840

THE RAISING OF THE ROYAL
ST A NA RD.
•
The 22d of August is a mememorable epoch in England's
history. Tempestuous winds howled round ttio old
castle of Nottiegham, and driving rain dimmed and dis-
figured the armour and gay caparisons of the Cavaliers:
the foremost of these devoted men were hourly arriving
to the succour of their King, from the old homes ren-
dered desolate, yet glorying in their departure. Within
the walls there were auxious consultations all day long,
and earnest pleadings and loud voices at the council-
board; while ever and anon armed men rode forth in
haste, east, west, and south, in furtherance of their re-
solves. The day was far spent before the King arrived
with his small train, travel-stained, but unwearied, from
Leicester Abbey. As he rode into the courtyard a brave
cheer welcomed him, and he may have felt pride for a
raiment, as a King should feel, when so many of the
noblest and the bravest of his kingdom rallied round
him at his hour of need. At length the fatal standard
was unfurled by Hr Edward Varney, and planted on a
high tower within the castle-walls; its broad folds wav-
ing over the warlike group below. The King stood
upon a grassy knoll, a herald by his side; with a voice
almost inaudible in the storm the proclamation was they:
read; but the herald had scarcely begun when the King,
Kith characteristic indecision, toil it from his hand, and
made such alterations that the herald blundered luaus-
Ficously through the remainder of his task. The few
spi.ctators shouted " God save the King!" and, nig::t
coming on, put an end to the dismal ceremony. The
next morning no standard was to be seen; it had blown
down during the night; and the King ordered it to be
transferred to a commanding station in the park, observ-
ing that " before it seemed to be imprisoned." But a
fatality seemed still to attend upon that banner, the
ground was so hard that the hera2ds were obliged to use
their daggers in order to penetrate the unwilling soil,
and even then four men were compelled to support it
through the ceremony. Again the proclamation was
read, and again " God save the King!" was shouted as
zealously, but by fewer voices than {tar-
burton's Memoirs of Prince Rupert.

THE QUEEN'S VISIT TO IRELAND.—WE are glad
to hear that her Majesty's intended visit to Dublin, &c., has
produced such an increased demand for Irish poplins and
tatMinetts, that toe trade of our sister island will be consi-
derably benefitted. We are the more gratified at th,s, be-
c&.use it will bring this beautiful but hitherto much neg-
lected article into general use, and cause it to be extensively
patronised by the nobility and gentry of both counties.
Dispatches were sent off yesterday evening from the Colo-
nial-office for the Governors of the North American colonies.

IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT

HOUSE OF C,lO-.1111101175, July 20.
The nous' resumed at Six o'..lock
BILLS FROAI THE LORDS.
Messengers from the Lords brought up several Bills.
OVERCROWDING OF IRISH STEAMERS.
Mr. CARDWELL wished to ziJi the President of the
Board of Trade whether it was his intention to give
substantial effi:ct to the principal recommendations of
Captain Denham with regard to the overcrowding of
Irish steamers on their passage from Ireland to this
country ?

Mr: LABOUCHERE said he believed he
should eventually adopt substantially and in principle
the recommendations of Captain Denham for limiting
the number of passengers on board of steamers ply ins
in the Irish Channel.
PAUPER CHILDREN.
Mr. W. MILES asked a question of the Secretary
of State fur the Home Department, if the Government
intended to take any steps with regard to the number
of pauper children in workhouses; and whether the
Colonial-office had taken any means of ascertaining
whether the colonies, and especially the Australian colo-
nies, were willing to take some of their childr©n as ap
prentices? The number of pauper children in work-
houses in England and Wales was 56,323, of which
number 8,371 were capable of entering into service.
Sir GEORGE GREY was understood to say that
the matter was under the consideration of the Govern-
ment, but his reply was almost wholly inaudible in the
gallery.
Mr. C. LUSFIINGTON presented a petition from
Westminster, complaining that the House did not repre-
sent the property, intelligence, or industry of the em-
pire, and praying for an extension of the suffrage.
Mr. C. ANSTEY said on that day fortnight he should
move for leave to bring in a Bill to consolidate fisheries
pursuant to the report of the Committee on the subject.—
(G reat laughter.)
Lord D. STUART presented two petitions from
Marylebone, one signed by 1,100 and the other by 1,500,
against Sunday trading.
Mr. COBDEN presented a petition from a place in
Yorkshire praying for financial reform.
NEW ZEALAND.
Mr. AGLIONBY postponed the lbllowing question, of
which he had given notice, till Monday, to ask the Under-
Secretary for the Colonies whether he will lay on the table
of the House copies or extracts ofdispatches received from
the Governor of New Zew Zealand of a date subsequent
to those already presented, especially those (if any) re-
lating to the new Legislative Council appointed by the
Governor at Wellington. in the Southern Province.
The CHANCELLORY of
of the EXCHEQUER, in
answer to Mr. C. Lushington, said it was not his inten-
tion during the present session to bring in any Bill
with respect to friendly societies.
JUVENILE OFFENDERS. •
Sir G. GREY, in at's* er to an Hon. Member, said it
was not his intention to proceed with the Juvenile
Offenders Bill.

RAILWAY AUDIT ILL.
In answer to a question from Mr. 8.8 DENISON,
Mr. LABOUCEIERE said that a deputation connected
with the railways waited on his Noble Friend at the head
of the Government, and expressed their intention to oppose
this Bill. It became a matter of serious consideration with
the Government as to the course they should pursue, and
they determined that at this late period of the session it
would not do to proceed with such a measure. The House
would recollect that the Bill was not proposed originally
by the Government, and he did not think it right to strike
it out of the list, in order that his Noble Friend should have
an opportunity of proceeding with it if he thought fit. The
Government thought they would be wasting the time of
the liaise by proceeding with it at so late a period, and his
Noble Friend wished him to say, that though the gentlemen
who waited on him declared their intention to oppose the
Bill, they were aware of the great importance of esta-
blishing-a board of audit, and would give it their best atten-
tion. He was not prepared to say, from the conversation
which took place with his Noble Friend, whether they
would themselves suggest such a measure. He should
rejoice heartily if it came from them, for certainly such a
measure from some quarter or other was imperitively
called for.
Mr. BANKES asked whether the Railway Board would
still be continued at the expense of the country?
Mr. LABOUCHERE replied that that had nothing,to do
with the question, and he,could assure the Hon. Gentleman
that the Railway AbandonMent Bill had imposed on that
Board very onerous duties.
TREATY BETWEEN DENIqARK AND THE DUCHIES.
In answer to a question put by Mr. SAUNDERS,
Lord PALMERSTON stated that ratificati,ns for a treaty
between Denmark and the Duchies of Schleswig-Holstein
were ratified in Berlin on the 17th for a space of six months.
When the blockade was to be raised was a matter of detail,
but lie could not tell the exact number of days. It would
not, however, be continued but for a short time, and as soon •
as he had officially received the ratification heshould lay it on 1
the table of the House.

TIIE NEW MARRIAGE LAW.
In answer to a question fro:n Mr. GOULBURN,
Mr. IVORTLEY said it was his intention to proceed, if
possible, with the third reading of the Marriage 11 on
Wednesday next.

THE LATE ORANGE AFFRAY.
Viscount JOCELYN trusted they would bear with him
while he made some explanation in connexion with a recent
melancholy occurrence with which the name of a near and
dear relation was unhappily connected. He deeply regretted
his aosenee from the House on the previous night, when a
discussion took place relative *to this unfortunate aflair,which
took place in the county to which he belonged. He had,
however, nothing to complain of in the personal attack made
on his relation by the. Hon. GentJeman who brought forward
the motion, for he admitted the purity and excellence of his
private conduct and character among all parties. He might
allude to attacks made ,on the same occasion by other Hon.
Gentlemen, and he thought it would have been but fair in
them to have told him of theii intentions, inasmuch as his
Noble Friend and relation -the Member for the county Down,
and himself, would have been present. He would not, how-
ever, allude to them further, but to the charges made against
his Noble Relative respecting this occurrence. He (Viscount
Jocelyn) was informed by his Noble Relative that previous
to the 12th of July he was.given to understand that a large
body connected with the society to which he for many years
belonged wished to pay him a visit of respect and affec-
tion. He communicated with them and induced many hun-
dreds to stay away. He stated that it was never his inten-
tion to shut his gates against loyal men, and in reference to
what had been said about 5,000 armed ruffians being invited
to his park, and feasted until they became inebriated, he de-
nied that he sent them an invitation, on the contrary. he was
desirous of using his position among tnem, and the eoun-
try, to prevent any unpleasant collision. His Noble Relative
addressed them in his park, advising them to refrain from
any violence, 'and that they would show those who disap-
proved of their organisation that they were not a faction,
driven by party violence to commit crime. He besought
them to return to their homes, and on no account to resent any•
insult which might be offered them. . lie ( Viscount Jocelyn)
was given to understand that 'during all this time there were
many Roman Catholics iireseiit, and that no ill-feeling what-
ever was felt. No one could more deeply deplore the unfor-
tunate catastrophe which had taken place than his Noble
Relative; and he ( Viscount Jocelyn) was firmly convinced that
no one in that House was more anxious to see party feeling,
or party violence, put au end to than he was. He had to
thank' the House for the kind manner in which they had
listened to the statement he had to make.—(Hear.)
Sir G.' GREY regretted that public business of great im-
portance detained him last night from being present at the
discussion, 'and assured the House that it was the intention
of the Government to bring forward next session of Parlia-
ment a Bill to prevent all processions whatever of any party,
whether Protestant or Roman. Catholic, or the display of any
arms, banners, Ssc:;calculated to disturb the public peace.—
(Cheers.) He had also to observe, that it was a great mis-
take to suppose that because the Party Procession Act ex
pired in 18.15 such an armed meeting as that which lately
took plaCe was lawful, for the common law declared that any
assemblages meeting together, in which the public peace was
endangered, was illegal.
Viscount CASTLEREAGH said, that he had received a
letter from Lord Roden, who, it appeared, had a number
of Ronan Catholic tenantry in his park at the time, and
everything seemed to have gone off happily; but he did not
invite them, he did not entertain them.—(Hear, hear.)
But having been connected with the body for so many years,
he could not turn a cold shoulder to them. He was perfectly
convinced that he took the course best calculated to preserve
the public pea Ce. He (Lord Castlereagh) never belonged to
that association, and disapproved of these assemblages. No
one, he was sure, more regretted what had taken place than
Lord Roden. He was exceedingly happy to hear that it was
the intention of the Government to adopt measures to secure
the country from such scenes in future.
Mr; BRIGHT said the Noble Lord should not attempt to
lay the blame • upon the Governmept, _for those gentlemen
cvuuected witlithe adininistrition of the law in Ireland must

know that these armed processions were illegal: Ile hoped
that influential persons in Ireland would combine to put
down these processions in future. He wished to know
whether any special inquiry was to be instituted? Parlia-
ment would require it, and the country would expect it.
Mr. HUME said that these lodges had been dissolved, and
he could not but regret that any efforts were made to keep
up party spirit and Jester animosities amongst her Majesty's
subjects.--(Hear.) He trusted that any noblemen and gen-
tlemen who countenanced these proceedings would be re-
moved from the commission ot the peace.
CORN DUTY.
Mr. HRRRIES then rose to make the motion of which he
had given notice. The remarks he had to make were of a
purely financial character, and he should deal with the ques-
tion as one of fiscal economy alone, carefully keeping out of
it all other topics, more especially that of free-trade. He
had two motives to address the House on the subject. The
first was in reference to the financial statement made some
short time since by the Chancellor of the Exchequer, which
was certainly neither very flattering nor very satisfactory,
but which, nevertheless, was in his (Mr. Herries's) opinion
much more so than circumstances warranted. If that were
true, and if the Right Honourable Gentleman, to use his
own pkrase, could only squeeze through the difficulty,
it became more material still that _some resource
should be found to meet the difficulty. He (Hr. Herries)
should not enter into a critical examination of the
budget of his Right Honourable Friend, but the accounts
submitted to the House since the Chancellor of the Ex-
chequer addressed it on the introduction of that state-
ment had not presented a more favourable view of the in-
come and expenditure of the country than was stated by
the Right Hon. Gentleman. And when he (Mr. Herries)
looked at the accounts for the year ending sth July, he was,
he confessed, led to apprehend that 'the probable deficiency
between the income and the expenditure would be far greater
than his Right Hon. Friend anticipated. In the first item of
expenditure, the Customs, he (Mr. Herries) found that the
sum received under that head, in 1848, was 19,883,0001.,
while, in 1849, it was 20,84,0004, showing an apparent
increase of 1,000,0004 But when the amount of corn duties
came to be deducted from the latter year's receipts, a differ-
rence would be found to exist equivalent to 60,0004 or 70,000/.
It was clear, therefore, that there was no ground for expect-
ing
an increase in this branch of the public revenue, under
existing circumstances. In the Excise the falling off in the
income of the last year, as compared with the year preceding
was still greater; and though the Chancellor of the Ex-
-chequer attributed it to the postponement of the hop duty and
the malt duty, still the fact warranted no:hope of a speedy
increase. He-apprehended the difficult position of the Chan-
cellor of the Exchequer was not likely to be improved by the
events of the present year, and he (Mr. Herzies) doubted
much whether his Right Hon. Friend would be enabled to
squeeze through as he expected. He would now come to the
question whin he wished to introduce to the notice Of the
Hduse. Its object was to derive, from a moderate fixed duty
on corn, a large addition to the public income of the country
.without imposing any additional burden upon the food of
the people. Within the last eighteen-months much expe-
rience had been acquired as to the effect of such a duty. In
the course of that phriod the country had passed from a state
of free importation to a duty of 75., in March, 1848, which
was continued until February, 1849, when, as the HouSe was
aware, corn of all kinds was imported free into this kingdom.
The argument against a duty on corn, however mouerate,
was, that it would enhance the price of food to the consumer.
The Noble Lord (Lord J. Russell) had, as a qua Protec-
tionist, proposed a duty of 10s., in 1841, stating that the price
would be kept up to 50s. or 605., and no doubt he acted with
the full conviction that such would be the case. But in
January and February, 1848, there existed no duty on corn,
and it would be seen that the importations in the subsequent
months were greater. They were
January ...
... 82,000 Qrs.
February ... ...• ... 97,(100 „
March
... 84,006 ~
April
... 116,000 „
May 1 ... 121,000 „
June ' . 112,000 „
In January the price was
.... 50s.
- February : • .. : • ... Ms.
IN these months there was no duty. The duty of 7s. then
came into operation, and the prices were--
March ... • 518. Od.
April ... ..• ..• 495. 6d.
May "'47s• Bd.
June ... ...* • ..• . . 465. 11d.
July .. 478. 11d.
August ... 525. 3d.
September ... ..• 525. 9d.
October ...
•.• ... Ms. Od.
November ... -
5I 3. - 6d.
December• 478". 6d.
January, 1849, was the last month-of the duty, -which, in
February, dropped to ls. per quarter. But the price of corn
which, in January, was 405., was in February, 455. 7d., in
March 445. 11d., and in April about the same. From the
beginning of the. present year to the present time the average
was about 455. It followed, therefore, as a matter of course,
that these variations in the duty had not affected the con-
,sumer in the smallest degree, as regarded the increase in
price of the article. This conclusion opened new lights on
the subject of fiscal economy against which the House should
not close its eyes. The- question be should propose was
resolved by these facts—namely, that a moderate duty on corn
might be levied without altering.the price of bread to the
consumer. If it could•be imagined that pricesin-the country
- would descend so low as that they would be upon a par with
the price at which foreign corn could be brought into the
country, they would produce the effect of deterring the
importation of foreign corn altogether. That, however, was
a question which he would leave to the Government to con-
sider, and it would be for them to say whether that con-
sideration should deter them from that mode of raising
revenue at the expense of a portion of the foreign produce
atpresent imported. There was no doubt that if the price
went Bs. or 10s.. below what it was at present the effect would
begin to show itself by importation being repressed. And
a fixed duty would have this effect, also ; for he was anxious
to state everything openly, fairly, and distinctly. The effect
of a fixed duty would be, first of all, to discourage importa-
tion from those countrie4 in which the price approached most
nearly to our own. He did not wish to name any price—he
was anxious to avoid fixing any precise duty, and only
wanted t 3 discuss the principle of a fixed duty; but what-
ever duty they imposed, whether it was 65.. or Bs., or 55.,
undoubtedly wherever their price came near that of France
or Belgium; or any of the richer countries near to them, they
could expect no importation whatever. Other countries in
which the corn was of a cheaper character would be still open
to theni. It was clear that by the imposition of a moderate
duty orecorn imported from foreign countries, we could de-
rive an addition to our revenue; and even it that addition
were only to amount to 100,0004 a year—whereas the truth
was that it would amou to millions—he said that we ought
not to neglect ensuring to ourselves that sum, which
would come into our Exchequer from the pockets
of foreigners. He believed that even a rich Go-
vernmeut had no right to give up such an ad-
vantage. But a rich country, with a poor exchequer—
and he believed that was at present the condition ot this
country—ought, above all others, to raise as large as possible
an amount of revenue from sources which would not press on
the incomes of the people. Consideri,,g bow many great in-
terests in this eountry were at present calling fur raid from
taxation, he could not help thinking that it was one of the
most imperative duties of her Majesty's Government to throw
the burden of our expenditure as much as possible on the
foreign producer. Let him remind the House *Ana in the
month of January of this year we had imported 710,000
quarters of wheat, besides 715,000 cwts. of flour ; the total
amount which would be derived from that wheat and flour,
at a duty of 10s., would not have been less than 530,0001. or
540,0004 In the succeeding four months, that was to say in
the months of February, March, April, and May last, we had
imported 1,768,000 quarters of wheat and 1,228,1;00 cwt. of
flour, and if the average duty of the five months had been
paid on those importations' we should have derived from that
duty a sum of not less than 750,000/.—(Hear.) . The sums
we had actually received from the is. duty imposed on those
importations was only 210,000/. ; so that we had lost in that
way no less a sum than =540,00/. And that had taken
place in four mouths. The total loss at that rate in a
year would have been 1,500,00 W. It might be said that a
10s. duty would have caused considerable variations
in price. But he did not believe that it would
have produced such a result. He found that in thur thath
of January, 1849, prices had fallen to about 45s
they had continued at about that amount f
i for severala suc-
ceeding months, although the duty had n the meantime
been removed. He did not like to point out any particular
duty. which it would be desirable they should adopr, but let
him suppose that they were to have a ss. duty on wheat. and
a 2s. duty on all other kinds of corn—and
moderate proposal than that which the that was a more
rht eNoble Lord had for-
merly made—that duty would have be
exchequer during the four months he hadg to the nation,l
mentioned a turn
of 750,0001. The mere he considered that subject the more
did he become convinced that we might derive a large re-
venue from a duty on foreign corn without the sl'ghtest in-
jury to any British interest. He admitted that iu arriving,
at that conclusion he took it for granted that the foreign
producer regulated his prices by the duties, and the charges
to which it was subjected. In fact, the foreigner was corn-;
pelted to regulate his prices by the charges he had to meet
in the country with which he carried on his trade. It
appeared from a statement of the Chancellor of the Ex-
chequer on a former evening that we had imported in the
year 1847 not less than 33,000,0001. worth of
grain; and he found that we had imported about 12,000,000/
worth in the year 1848, and about the same amount in the
first five months of the present year. Indeed, be believed-we
had imported more than 12,000,000/. worth in those five
months, because he had taken as the basis of his calculation
the average price of corn, while it is well known that the
foreign corn introduced into this country, and especially of
late years, was above the average quality. France had sent
to them in the course ot the last year a very large amount
of flour and corn at the price of 455. He presumed, therefore,
that the importers and growers were enabled to obtain a
profit even with the duty of 10s. which was then imposed.
If that be so, then it must be obvious that the profit would
be considerably greater in the event of no duty being levied.
It; as was generally supposed. they paid 2) per cent. beyond
the real value of the corn, then France had nhtained upon
these reeeetu,ooor. In Yalu(' *,000,0001. of our money in the
course of the last year. He did not mean to say that the
grower and importer were not entitled to a profit, but he
maintained that even with afixed duty the margin would
be sufficient to leave a fair profit, while a considerable sum
would be obtained for the revenue. It appeared to him that
they would be neglectful of the interests of the country, and forgetful of the pressure of taxation if they did not adopt the
suggestion he had thrown out to them. He could not under-
stand what objections the Government could urge
against that most obvious mode of improving their financial
condition. The first objection that was urged was, that it
was a tax upon food; that was an excellent one when they
were repealing the corn-laws. It was an excellent and a
popular argument—it was a cry, but it was easy to see the
fallacy and the nonsense of that cry, The question was
whether it was a tax upon the English subject for his food,
and his answer was, that it most certainly was not. Another
argument urged was, that it would prevent the importation
of corn, but that he had already disproved. A third objec-
tion was, that the present movement was getting in the
small end of the wedge, and that the ultimate object was to
obtain a protective duty on corn. But the distinction was
easily seen between the imposition of a duty for the pur-
poses of revenue and the imposing a duty to prevent the im-
portation of corn. If the statesmen then at the head of
affairs could not tell where to stop, then the affairs of the
country must be badly managed indeed. He did not mean
to mix the present question up with the great questions of
protection. It was not protection, but only the means of
deterring importation from abroad when prices were very
low. It was, therefore, not in any sense of the word a
protective duty. He regretted extremely that at a time
when trade and commerce here were by no means pros-
perous they should continue to send such large sums
abroad for the purchase of corn, and they ought to bear in
mind that they were there to maintain English interests in
contradistinction to foreign interests. He would, therefore,
strongly and earnestly urge opon the attention of the Go-
vernment and the House to take up that question. It
was not in his power, or that of an individual Member,. to
propose the imposition of a fixed duty; and although he
might have obtained the same end indirectly by submitting
a resolution declaratory of the opinion of that House that it
was wise and politic to adopt that mode of increasing the
public revenue, he thought it best to leave the question in
the hands of the House awl the (ioveramout. Entertaining

these strong Opinions, he felt it his duty to urge them •e_„
P,°3
the attention of her Majesty's Ministers, and to jolt'"
them as strongly as he could upon the minds of H(;!.".70
able Members of that House, so that through the Rouge
might be conveyed to the country opinions vvhicle'apeef:e,
to him to be incontrovertible, and which would,' t tree
sink deep into the minds of the people, and would i creaot:
that conviction which ought, and which is due time wow
undoubtedly achieve the object he now so earnestly erg,
upon the House. He had endeavoured to avoid all tating topics which might a
naturally present themselvsllo
connexion with such subject, and bad carefully. confine
himself to the proposition with which he bad set outt cint
was one of great importance in an economical and fiscal
of view. If it was true that they would obtain that a
amount of revenue which be had referred to without any _ „,'O,
convenience or loss to the country they were bound to cp:d
and when the Ministry and the House became cOnvlori;
that such was the case, then he hoped and trusted tbaleno
labour he had bestowed upon the question and the Pails.
with which the House had listened to him, would not
thrown away...: (Hear, hear.) •
ewe
The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER comp nr
ted the Right Hon. Gontleman on the calm and clear ro!Tet
in which he had introduced the proposition, Svloict
as he had done, all those controversial points autos
might have been introduced into such a statement, ehns
expressed a confident hope that those who followed
would pursue a similar course. With regard to the revti
oe
produceable from the Excise, he repeated the observeertoo
he made on a former occasion, and proceeded
show that there had not been in that dnos
ment any falling off, except so far as Ireland
se
concerned. There had been a postponement of the in_T,lng
derivable from EXcise duties, but not a great f_le.far,
off. He felt quite .confident that, at the end of the,./ing
the income would exceed the expenditure; and he not.ce!„ej
as apprehensive as the Right Hon. Gentleman, he de "'ibt
assenting to impose any duty, fixed or otherwise, lions/
importation of cern. He would not trespass on the o.king
by repeating the reasons which influenced him ,in r,:onss
that course. He congratulated the Right Hon. Gentltnall
that he had disclaimed, in the strongest manner the
could do; any intention to impose duties for the purposet'‘ai
creasing the price of corn. 'He congratulated the mpefi.
and the country that an Honourable Member of his a•l
ence, and speaking with his authority, had disclaimed
intention of reverting to those protective duties w" e
never raised the price of food. When the ft.
of this country were convinced of the truth abe
the proposition laid down by the Right Honoety
Gentleman, namely, that an additional duty of five shilanit,T7
on corn would not affect the consumers, they P°'"ost
might assent to it,. but inasmuch as he did not- thie"bea
powers of human reasoning could so convince them, 'ed.
was not much prospect of their concurrence being Pipe
He did not understand the consistency of the Right
an.
Gentleman's arguments. The Right Honourable
-would
C 1 man said taxation by a fixed five-shilling duty
~,,,s
if
the means of deterring the importation of foreignco
y
prices were low. Then the effect would be to rids% se
price, although the Right Honourable Gentleman °at'. se object was not to raise the price. The preposition "'"ael
garded in the main as impolitic. and imprudent, and u'ttle
besides, opposed to the good sense and intelligence of
people of this country.
Mr. SANDARS, supported the motion, contending 01
communications which he had received from- .inlireol
Liverpool merchants, and his own knowledge, derive ort
personal inquiry, convinced him that-if-a fixed datY t
imposed, it would fall on the foreign prOducer,ancl n°o46
the consumer in this 'country. Previous to the year
their importation had not exceeded six or seven, per best
It was generally admitted' that the consumption of ra, ost
in this country was about twenty millions of quartet-Not
year, but he must observe that it was very disgracetei,ae
they had no accurate means of knowing what the :glll
amount of the produce of the country was, and hteth`""ste that a few thousands per annum would be well spent bid
taming such important statistical information. ar
made some remark, on this question before, he
wished f
nlll
ther to explain his sentiments, and he would
add n, ay
their necessities should require it, he did not know ell duo
that would be more advisable to impose than a fixed
upon com.—(Hear, hear.) • ll
Mr. MITCHELL expressed his surprise at the stateli efigr,
which had been made by the Right Hon. Gentian:4o, VI,
Herries), and also by the Hon. Member for Wakefieldei to
Sanders), who, as a corn merchant, must be suPP°A diet
have a good knowledge of the subject. He tbougo
nothing could be more fallacious than to place relieneeppep
c
the opinions of corn-factors in London or in LiverpoOk asar.
date the United States the Black Sea could furnish
'' 11
try with the largest supply of corn, and competitors in
frail
markets were to be found from the South of France
Italy, and from Spain. Now, what would a duty 4 tl'shillings upon the quarter produce? It would produce: tee
venue of about a million and a half, but it would, s:werf
same time, put ten millions into the pockets of the gr's tho
of English corn.—(Hear, hear.) At the present tense
stock of grain in this country was lower than he bad'
known it to be, and within the last month the price °'
he
had risen in the face of the present fine weather eaws
nntins
prospect of an abundant harvest.—(Hear, hear.) 11° tell
also state, and he had the fact upon goo& anthoritPe
the consumption of grain had greatly increased sines,' of the free-trade measures— (Hear)—the °,,nnste
tton being that a third more had been
added to the r
mors of bread.
004
Mr. NEWDEGATE said the effect of free trade - coy,
be to depress the price-of grain in this country to the
tinental level. Such was the end and aim of the pr,'v
;Itg
this country; and to carry it out Ministers were
‘neer4
sacrifice upwards of a million of revenue.—(Hear, ya-
The farmers and the graziers alone, in 1811,
were rn°. —.sfite
memos that ail the adults employed in cotton tar.„ ts tories, and let them recollect that they were abotl„.00
crifice the interest of tbefarmers and graziera to.the '7o°
of the factory operative. The lion. Member then 004
ceeded to show, in corroboration of his views, that, ales 0'
to -returns which he held in his hand, the redtleruttiot
the duty on butter and cheese had the result of Pto the
money into the pockets of the foreigners. Accord/14.110
admission of the Chancellor of' the Exchequer, a
osr,
duty has been wasted in the first five months of the Yrissb
Mr. COBDEN said the Hon. Member who bau:ll
sat down had paid him the compliment of saying_ tbottia
was an adept in agitation. The first thing in agil!„,10
was to have a good cause—the next thing was for Prbo
to persevere even in a bad cause, and they coululle sure, at all events, to make themselves resPe°,,,tstec'
After alluding to the course pursued by the ..r./10
tionists in the beginning cf the session, the Hon,llolo Member said their next exhibition was at. to
Rooms, and the farmers were brought from a d'sbin.',l to
attend that meeting.. They were told they were g°!Zeri
get protection, and the meeting terminated with three ;aid
being given, for Mr. Disraeli., Then there, was the Ile ler
at Drurv-lane, where the same story was told to 1. re'
mers, but yet Mr. Disraeli said nothing in his speech of
enacting the corn-laws.—(llCar, hear.) The sessiouotbo
not, however, to be permitted to conclude without !ulishef
display to keep up the delusion among the farmers' bad e°
had, therefore, the discussion of that night, but theY
motion; and the Hon. Member had endeavoured to e'iro'
• t
why he had not made one ; but he knew he could 3 e Dept
duce a proposition to the effect that it would blexiiiiPng;
at some time to make the duty on corn eight (Hear, hear.) The fact was, that such a debate Was a,,tt the
of time— (Hear, hear)--a lusion, it not worse, uP,,crif°
farmers, who had been induced to believe that 10°Zialcr
laws would be given to them. The Hn. Member for ~0 the
field (Mr. Sandars), who hind been twentystive years !with'
corn trade, said they might have a fixed duty upon corn ae*
Out raising the price of corn in this country. But the Ile Gentleman had not seen one • year of a fixed duty sde
had had the sliding scale, and the lion. Member had ths
raitted that:he (Mr. Cobden) was right in sayineithati
case of a duty, the people of this country would be pay be
the amount of that duty additional, above what svot',,nry
paid in countries where no such duty existed. As to 1.,,.es
Terence which had been made to the corn-factors of P.Toit
lane and of Liverpool, he would remark, that they were re'
the best judges in such a case. The commission they de a
ceived was in proportion to the price, and if they ma re
sale at sixty-five shillings the quarter, of course they
ceived a larger commission than if the sale had been rnauisyt
is
fifty-five shillings.—(Hear, hear.) It was very the extra° nary for Honourable Gentlemen (to ask the Chancellor of
ot
Exchequer to put Gn duties, when their business illd
House was to prevent taxation. (Ileac hear.) It 1050
that a million could be got fur duty on foreign corn' 1 boa
they forgot that, for that one million, four would be addrfne
the peopleasfto
theyogf
ot
alarcvsdi s
h countrytt,tap o se
imposei nu thaaet additional price chargemotio
tathxetmheiibisesattwoinyeet.b_eifodel;
He saw several petitions p" for fixed actcl (ie ra corn. If
the farmer-sr.
on corn, on behalf of ese4ttctl
was.
the
dodgen—(4l. laugh)—in order to give what was ealkus'red
tection to the farmers. phis onoe-ra
or own part, be o
when the. Right lion. Gentleman the Member for tee
was making his statement, why the Protectionists had 11
face to bring forward such a proposition; and he was 1.-0
astonished how they could act such sham, or walciaen,
the farmers after such statements. If the Right Hen' ~01'
tleman came to him, he Would give him -a lesson in sgrslitge
ture.—(A laugh.) The Hon. Member for Buckingham 01
was the head of a party—a protectionist party—and 41. 0,41
they were, no doubt, about going to the country I°,—bseso'
cry of fourpence a loaf additional on the poor man° til
Now, he would advise them, if they wanted to be,,,a'ns
farr
at all, they must find out some popular question n
' 0
oa
mars wanted a reluction of expenditure, and let them for
that. The Hon. Gentleman, the Member for Beekirlaiont
shire, said, in the course of his speech on a former 0°"-..atil
that he would never join for a reduction of expenditure IS
he -saw the country doomed under the present system. they
farmers, however,, saw through them; they said ths'Oter
had one side for that House and the hustings, and °their
for the day of audit. If they got 455. a quarter for
to wheat, he should not object; and would it not .be better
advise the farmers to exert themselves in the proper alto
t=on of their farms than delude them by the 0104 s
were pursuing? He looked OR their whole proceedings 70.,
chimera—as a sham, and had no doubt the cottntrY 1.1.12 stood them in the same way.
• - had)
Mr. DISRAELI said that the lien. Member who ba
mat down.had been no kind as to offer lion. GentleMen;,4
that side of the House a lesson in the art of agitation to
he (Mr. Disraeli) was ready to admit that if they
wlillisee
obtain any knowledge of that art, they could scarcely Ana.
recourse to a more consummate master for their iustroeets
—(Hear.) The Hon. Gentleman seemed to take some fir'
ception to the conduct which the party with which 'lie
Disraeli) had the honour to be associated had pursue_u law
'cause they had, according to - his allegation, used Vnut arm
,guage in that House and another in other place.. B_All ory,
lion. Gentleman himself had admitted in a celebratc7asse
lion, if he (Mr. Disraeli) recollected aright, that than tjelkt
:one his own universally acknowledged charecterissiont,
He had said that it was a general accusation brought 2,g- (olif
him that- he made-use -of one kind of language in address ~a
the House of Commons and another in addressingroble
fellow-countrymen in other places. The lionlia be
Gentleman had, however, told them that they could
the
expect to have their opinions generally accepted bYa of
country, because they wanted earnestness in the adr":
those opinions. Now, if they (the Conservative PartYi'nt ,
ised(oe!
come forward this session to state in that House °Pdesieu '
which they had not stated elsewhere--and he utterly them
that they had done so—be wished to ask whether. :oat
were not other political gentlemen who, before Parilibich
met, had agitated the country in favour of measures
iota
they had declared to be absolutely necessary fur the 11' Dad
salvation, but who, the moment that Parliament Mail re
become as calm, quiet, and docile, as if they had been
pared to sit behind the Treasury benches for the rest dos
career.—(Hear, hear.) He wanted to know what those gaud
tlemen who had called meetings in the north of Enlane,....ba
had submitted financial plans to the people of LiverpLoit es%
wanted to know what they had done during the ltiob
months to vindicate their opinions and to ensure theutr,7ovse
of the policy which they advocated. Why, less tre
tel
opponents to a Government, less ardent and earnest twit or
of' the principle they professed, he had never known.
Member
or
only with the greatest hesitation that the Hon. for
the West Riding of Yorkshire had the other night gsfer for
Mew' 'oll
into the same lobby with his Hon. Friend the
reduce
of (Mr. Henley) on a Motion for a rf.dituetr
of the most moderate character in the public exPn'lit as"' ,
although he had himself formerly declared that taut Rog
penditure ought immediately to be reduced
bY tactieiso
5i000,0001. The great financial reformer.—the greatlose
—the great agitater—who 144 come forward With 1`