The Sun.
London, England, 1849-10-16 00:00:00

N°. 17,8 03. LONDON, TUESDAY E E " G OCTOBER 16, 1849.
- 9

SEA' FIRE, LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY.
Offices,
31, COENUILL, LONDON.
Empowered by Act of Parliament.
Ca ital —I 60,000 .
in Shares of Twenty Shillings each, to lie pa.d in full on Allotment.
DIRECTORS.

Howell Gwen, Esq., ALP. George He'innre, Esq.
John Rennet, Esq. Sir William Ogilvie Bart.
Thom is Bunting, Esq. Fr,derick A. reel, Esq.
Alexander Davis, Esq. W. Yates Peel, Esq.
John Kellan 1 Ilura,,t, E4q. John Wrecrd, Esq.
Augustus Collingridge, E=q., Managing Director.
AUDITORS.
Henry Wood •, Esq.
l Samuel Henry Langer,
MEDICAL REFEREE'S:
PHYSICIAN.
Janlesjidson Bennett, Esq., M,D., 24, Finsbury-place NJrth.
SURGEONS.
John Fisher Goode Esq , M.R.O S., Si, Cheapside.
Matthew French Wagstiffe, Esq., M.R.C.S., 10, Walcot-place, West
Lamhe,b.
BANKERS.
Messrs. Carrie and 0., 29, Cornhill.
Commercial Bank of London, Lothbury.
SOLICITOR.
John Chapple, Esq., 70A, Aldermanbury.
MARINE DEPARTMENT.
UNDERWRITER.
Mr. John P.,wis. Member of Lloyd's.
LIFE DE 'ART %JEST.
ACTUARY.
Mr. Alfred Burt.
FIRE DEPART •T ENT.
SUPERINTENDENT.
Mr. John Nelson.
SURVEYOR.
George Moody Lni•gmore, Esq.
BROKERS.
John H. Golding, Esq., Warnford.rour`, London.
Thomas Bayley, Esq., Warnford-court, London.
Messrs. Turner, Brothers, Throgmorton-street, London.

Henry Rogers, E-1.
Ebenezer doper, Esq.

DISTINGUISHING FEATURES.
1. Exemption of Shareholders fro a all Liability.
2. The Right of Tran,fer at Will.
3. Periodical Division of Pnifits.
4. Five per Cent. Interest Guaranteed (irrespective of further Divi-
dends) upon the paid-up Capital.
5. Yearly Audits of Accounts by Auditors exclusively chosen by the
Proari -tors.
6. Life Policies INDISPUTABLE and free of stamp-duty to the As-
sured.

Applications fer the remaining unollotted Shares, and on the sub-
ject of MARINE, FIRE, and LIFE AS,WRANCES to be addressed
to the Agents of the Society ; or to the Head Office as abo're.
AUG. COLLINGRIDCIE, Managing Director.

THE LONDON INDISPUTABLE LIFE
POLICY COMPANY
INCORPORATED BY ACT OF PARLIAMENT.
.No. 31, LOM BARD-S [MEET, LONDON.
TRUSTEES.
J. Campbell Renton, Esq., M.P. Richard Spooner, Esq., M.P.
I
Richard Matins, Esq., Q.C. James Fuller Madox, Esq.
William Wilberforce, Esq.
DIRECTORS.
Robert Henry Forman, Esq.
John Hamilton, Esq.
James Fuller Madox, Esq.
John Matthews, Esq.
Charles 0. Parnell, Esq.
AUDITORS.

William Adams, Esq.
John Atkins, Esq
Henry Augustus Bevan, Esq.
John Thompson Bramwell, Esq.
John Dangerfield, Esq.

Samuel Field, Esq.
William Ghrimes Kell, Esq.
MEDICAL ADVISER.
Benjamin Phillips, Esq., F.R.S.
BANKERS.
Messrs. Spooner, Attwood, and CO.
SECRETARY.
David Alison, Esq.
SOLICITORS.
Messrs. Atkinson and Andrew.
MANAGER.
Alexander Robertson, Esq.
The POLICIES are INDEFEASIBLE and INDISPUTABLE,
he Company being prohibited, by the 54th clause of their Deed of
Constitution, which is duly registered in terms of the Act, from dis-
,uting a Policy upon any ground whatever.
The Rates of Premium are calculated upon Carlisle mortality, and
re as low as a due regard to complete security will justify.
HALF PRE \HEM SYSTEM. —By this plan only one-half of the
,remiums. with interest of the retained halves, is required to be p aid
for the first five years—the retained halves, being payable at the
convenience of the assured, or allowed to continue, to form
a deduction from the claim on the Policy ; and as the As-
surance may be relinquished at any time without payment
of the retained premiums, this scheme enables a party to
assure for the first five years at little more than half the usual rate,
and to discontinue a Policy at about one-half the usual sacrifice.
WHOLE WORLD POLICIES are granted, whereby the security
of a creditor, holder of a Policy, continues unimpaired, although the
assured life should go beyond the prescribed limits.
Sums are assured payable to the parties themselves on attaining a
specified age, or at their death, whichever shall first occur.
PARTNER-411P POLICIES are granted, whereby a joint assurance
effected by partners, at the charge of the firm, secures the capital in-
vested. On the death of either, the survivor is benefited by retain-
ing the whole capital, and the representatives of the deceased obtain
their share without having to wait until it can be recovered from
mtstanding debts.
There is no extra charge for residence beyond 35 degrees of the
equator.
No Admission or Entrance Fees are required, nor is any charge
made for the Policy beyond the amount of the Stamp.
Claims are payable within three months after proof of the death of
the assured life
The usual Commission allowed to Solicitors, and also to persons,
approved by the Board, who extend the business of Life Assurance in
connexion with this Company.

George Cumming, Esq.
tames Turner, Esq.

THE CATHOLIC LAW and GENERAL
LIFE ASSURANCE CONIPANY.

No. 8, New Coventry-street, Leicester•square, London.
TRUSTEES.
The Right Rev. Nicholas Wiseman, D.D., 35, Golden-square.
The Right Rev. William Morris, D.D., Acton, Middlesex.
The Right Hon. the Lord Stafford, Cossey Hall, Norfolk.
Sir Henry Paston Redingfield, Bart., Oxburgh, Norfolk.
Sir Richard Jenkins, G.C.11., Director of the Hon. the East India
Company.
Thomas Bar newell, Esq., 15, Tork-terrace, Regent's-park,
Thomas Eyre, Esq., 62, Pulten,y-street, Bath.
James Marshall, Esq„ 24, Carlton Villas, Maida-hill.

DIRECTORS.
The Right Rev. William Morri, 1).D., Acton, Middlesex—Chairman.
Michael Forristall, Esq., 13, West-square, Southwark—Deputy
Chairman and Managing Director.
Sir Richard Jenkins, G.C.8., Director of the Hon. the East India
Company, rind of the London Joint Stock Bank.
Rev. Thomas Doyle, D.D., London•road, Southwark.
Edmond Denies, Esq., Carlton Villas, Maids-hill.
Henry Clark Duppa, Esq., Malmain- hall, Stoke, near Rochester.
George Drew, Esq., Streatham, Surrey.
James Marshall, Esq., 21, Carlton Villas, Maida•hill.
ACTUARY—WiIIiam Henry Archer, Esq.
• SECRETARY—WiIIiam Norris, Esq.
Prospectuses, Forms of Proposal, and every Information promptly
forwarded en application to the Actuary or Secretary, at the Office,
8, New Coventry-street, Leiceste"-square, London.

BOND'S PERMANENT MARKING INK.
The original, and by far the best, requiring no preparation,
offers the surest means of protection fer every variety of household
linen and wearing apparel, against loss or mistake, for which reason
be careful to ask for the genuine article, prepared by the inventor,
JOHN BOND, 28, Long-lane, West Smithfield, City. Sold by most
Chemists, Stationers, and ➢fedicine Vendors. Price Is. a bottle.

BRITISH COLLEGE of HEALTH, New-
DECLARATION of HYGEISTS as REGARDS CHOLERA.
We, the undersig-ed, being some of the principal agents to the
British College of Heal h for the sale of Mr. Morison's Vegetable Uni-
versal Med.einc, hereby declare that in 1831 and 1832 the cholera
was effectu,lly cured by that medicine when taken in brisk doses,
say eight or ten, and upwards, of No. 2, every six hours, followed by
the No. 1, and powders. We also now declare our perfect confidence
in the pills as a preventative of cholera. Proper vegetable purgat on
is in our opinion the only effectual check to diarrhoea, and there-
fore we are not surprised at the mortality which has occurred under
the opium treatment of doctors, which of itself is quite sufficient in
many cases to produce d ath without the cholera.
Dated this 6th day of October, 1849.
Joseph Webb, Bell Hotel, Scarborough, Yorkshire, agent of 20 years'
standing.
James Fisher, 196, Scallanl-road, Liverpool, agent of 20 years'
standing.
Thomas Hudsen, 46, Union-street, Portsea, agent of 20 years' stand-
ing, cured upwards of 200 persons of chodera in Carlisle in 1831 and
Arthur 1832,
cs y l
w o
withcl, °
Orrfroirsd° il 1,
s Vegetable
Norwich, lll ccl
agenti ci noef.
20
years'
standing.
Michael Gardner, 18, Lawrence-street, [tishopwearmouth, Durham,
'
agent of 20 years' standing, has treated the cholera successfully
with pills In Russia.
James Hibbert, 35, Oldham-street, Manchester, agent of 20 year's'
standing.
W. Humphreys, 19, St. James's-street, Dover, agent of 20 years'
standing.
J. VI. Ilavill, 91, Fore-street, Exeter, agent of 10 years' standing.
J. Fraser, 49, Princes-street, Edinburgh, agent of 20 years' standing.

A It It A E.
VI One halt the werid are desolately single, and the other
mppoalag them married, questionably contented. Diffidence, or a
ense of right determine the former, and miscalculated hopes em-
eater the latter. The solitary one may shield himself under the plea
of caution and worldly prudence, and the indissoluble, regret un-
o‘aproslng hurry ; but the truth lies deeper. Physical incapacity,
n 4 broken health, are the great hindrances to domestic happiness
.n 1 402111 content. The dowry should not be the only marriage set-
dement. Honour andjusticedentand t‘tat health should form au item
m the oetepact; it alone dignifies the alliance. Blighted hopes er
inkiest wound more sorely than poverty or misfortune. Reader, if
nese surmises concern you, procure Dr. CULVERWELL'S little
"On Single and Married Life, " pub. in 9 vols., Is.
lach (by post, in stamps, Is. 6d. each). Let no imaginatively
reined, or prudish feeling deter you, by their titles, nor be hindered
337 misinterpretation of their supposed contents, from obtaining
:hem. They arc not intended certainly for mere idle curiosity, but
far the closet perusal of those more deeply intercited, to whom
they are offered as antagonistic to the empyrical trash put forth on
the above subjects, by unqualified authors, which alone er
-ozethar, are a disgrace to the ago. Furthermore, two other
ttle publications claim your attention (same price Is. each,
oy r ost is. 6d.) called " What to Eat, Drink, and
t.void," and " How to be Happy." They are not merely
;Amp ;•lets, bat equal in quantity a library volume, nor are they the
oere ephemeral scribblings of the hour, lopt the study of the author's
'ifo who owes his present existence, health, and position to this ob-
iCf V.V1,33 of the maxims he would inculcate—to do unto others as he
woc...d done unto—to live after nature's laws—and to keep always
on the " sunny side of the way." The above works may be had of
.4herwold, 23, Paternoster-row ; Carvalho, 14Y, Fleet-street • Mann,
39, Cornhill; Spokes, 5, Holborn bill ; or direct (by post or other-
wise) -ant the author (who may be conferred with personally,
mornings n I eventinn), 10, Argyll-el/see Regent-street; and all
Booksellers.

TIIIRrY-FIRST EDITION.
Illastrated by 24 Anatomical uoloursta Engravings on Steel.
)N PHYSICAL DISQUALICATIONS, GENERATIVE INCAPA-
CITY, AND IMPEDIMENTS TO MARRIAGE.
ew Edition, enlarged to 195 pages. Just published, price 2s. 6d., or
by oost, direct from the Establishment, 3s. 6d. In postage stamps,
rtiliE SILENT FRIEND, a Medical Work on
L the infirmities and decay of the generative system, from ex-
.:3iSiVe indulgence, infection, and the inordinate use of mercury,
pith remarks on Marriage, and the means of obviating certain dis-
a,o,locations. Illustrated by 26 Coloured Engravings. By R. and
PERRY and CO., Consulting Surgeons, 19, Berners-street, Ox-
erd-street, London. Published by the Authors : said by Strange,
11, Paternoster-row; Hannay, 63, and Sanger, 150, Oxford-street;
Titchborne-street, Haymarket ; and Gordon, 146, Leaden-
tall-street.
itftrie. t 3

P ART I. treats of the anatomy and physiology of the re-productive
smalls, and is illustrated by Six Coloured Engravings.
PAET 11. treats of the consequences resulting from excessive indul-
gence, and their lamentable effects on the system, producing mental
and bodily weakness, nervous excitement, and generative ncapacity.
Illustrated by Three Explanatory Engravings.
PART 111. treats of the diseases resulting from infection, either in
the primary or secondary form, and contains explicit directions for
their treatment. This section is illustrated by Seventeen Coloured
Engravings.
PART IV. contains a Prescription for the Prevention of Disease
by a simple application, by which the danger of infection is ob-
viated. This important part of the Work should not escape the
eador's notice.

PART Y. is devoted to the consideration of marriage, and its
duties. The causes of unproductive union are also considered, and
the white subject critically and philosophically inquired into.
T...:OIIDIaL Batas or STatecum is exclusively employed in treat-
,4g nervous and sexual debility, impotence, gsc., Ds. and 335. per
b utle. The Concentrated Detersive Essence, as anti-syphilitic
remedy, for purifying the blood in cases of infection, secondary symp-
toms, eruptions, and the abuse of mercury, I Is. and 335. per bottle.
Perry's Purifying Bpenifin pills, 25. 9d., 4s. 6d., and I Is. per box, a
ger:am remedy for gonorrhoea, gleet, stricture, and chronic inflamma-
tion of the bladder. Consultation fee, if by letter, U. A minute
retail of the case is required : age, habits, and position in society,
Packets, with advice, to be had at the Establishment only, by
which the fee,ll., is saved. Messrs. Perry, Surgeons, are in atten-
lance daily at 19, Beraers-street, Oxford-street, London, from Ele-
ven till Two, and FIT• to Etat 1 on BaudAYl frQM 744 Ten t 9 Oleo.

York,

MORTGAGE LOANS.
LANCASHIRE and YORKSHIRE RAILWAY
COMPANY,
The Directors of this Company are prepared to receive TENDERS
or LOANS on Mortgage, for periods of Titre Five, or Seven years,
tor which interest at the rate of four-and-a-half per cent. per annum
will he allowed, payable half-yearly.
Further particulars may be known on application to the under-
signed. S. WIJ. BULTEEL, Treasurer.

TO THE NOIITLITY, GENTRY, PROFESSIONAL AND MER-
CANTILE GENTLEMEN, AND THE PUBLIC.
LL.4AWRENCE HYAM and COMPANY beg to
announce that they OPENED, on MONDAY LAST, Oct. i 5,
their newly erected and magnificent premixes, the

PANTECHNETHECA, 6, OXFORD-STREF,P,
Lon:on, as Merchant Tailors, W ollen Drapers, Outfitters, and
Manufacturers of Clothing for immediate wear, in conjunction with
their well-known City Establishment,
3d, GRACECHURCH-STREET, LONDON,
and Branch Establishments-
-63 and 65, Lord-street, Liverpool 61, King-street, Manchester.
23, New-street, Birmingham. 26, Market-street, Manchester.
42, Wine-street, Bristol. 42, Briggate, Leeds.

6. tinioa-street, ltr!stol. 117, M Lrket-place, Ifull.
193, High-street, Exeter. 4s, Ar,*dc.street, Glasgow.
L. IIYAM and Co., 86, OxfGrit-street, although well known to the
public, and enjoying an unprecedented share or tho:r confidence, do
nut think it would be judicious to dgvrt from their usual system, i
opening a new Establishment, of pointing out and explaining their
capabilities and mode af conducting their business, and likewise the
advantages to be derived by those who honoar them with their
commands.

L. fIYANI and Co., 83, Oxford-street, have half a century's
experience in business, with unlimited command of capital, and a
ra lge of the most extensive establishments in all the principal towns
of Gre it Lirit lin in successful operation, thus presenting advantages
of an extraordinary character such as never before were centered in
one firm.

L. lIYAM and Co., 85, Oxford-street, save all intermediate
profits ; that which they do not manufacture themselves they obtain
direct from the first makers. By purchasing in this efficient
manner, they effect a saving " in intermediates alone," of at least
20 per cent.

L. FIYANI and Co., S 6, Oxford-street, have procured for the
bespoke department an extensive and choice stock of Parisian and
West of England cloths, of every shade, colour, and quality. The
new materials for trowserings comprise plain and fancy doeskins,
buckskins, and kerseymeres, suitable either for dress, riding, or
walking. They are superb in texture, beautiful in colour, and of the
choicest design.
L. IIYAIII and Co., 85, Oxford-street, have selected from the best
and most celebrated makers, French, Genba, and British waistcoat-
ings. which are remarkably rich, brilliantly 'varied, of the most
unique and novel styles ; in fact, the Pantechnetheca will comprise
within itself materials for making gentlemen's attire of everydzscrip-
tion in the first style of art, and unparalleled in the annals of fashion
and economy.

L. H VA.lli and Co., 86, Oxford-street, in order to render the Cutting
Department as effective as possible, have engaged cutters of the
greatest talents, experience, and acknowleged abilities ; and so satis-
fied are they of their qualifications and certainty of pleasing, that
they give a guarantee to that effe.et, and, in order to test it, their
patrons have at all times the option of returning any garment which
may in any manner be disapproved of, though previously seen,
approved, chosen, and paid for.

L. IIYA:11 and Co., 86, Oxford-street, have elaborately fitted up
the departments of clothing for immediate wear with every requisite,
both useful and ornamental. hers may be selected, from a stock
exceeding 20,001. in value, every description of apparel that talent
and ingenuity can devise or invent, consisting of dress and surtout
coats, waistcoats, trowsers, juvenile and servants' clothing,
Ste., at prices that cannot fail to give the most perfect sa-
tisfact ion.

L. lIYAM and Co., BG, Oxford-street, mark every article in
plain, bold, and legible figures, the very lowest selling price,
from which no abatement can be made ; consequently insuring a uni-
form, undeviating, honest principle of business; and any garment
that does not give the most unqaalifled approbation will be ex-
exchanged with pleasure, or If preferred, the money will be immedi-
ately returned.

N-. 11. A detailed catalogue, containing a list of prices and a descrip-
tion of stock, may be had on application, or sent post free, to any
part of the United Kingdom.

BLAIR'S GOUT and RHEUMATIC PILLS,
Copy of a letter from Mr. J. J. Wilson, Chemist, Monk Bar,

" To Mr. Thomas Prout,

" 14th June, 1847.
"SlR,—Having suffered most dreadfully for the last six years from
repeated attacks of the gout, and receiving no benefit from the best
medical advice I could obtain, I was induced about six weeks ago to
try a box of Blair's Gout and Rheumatic Pills. When I commenced
taking them, which was in tho afternoon, my feet and elbows were
very much swollen and inflamed ; I was suffering the most intense
agony. I had that night sound and refreshing sleep, and awoke in
the morning comparatively free from pain ; and before I had finished
the box, I never was better in my lifs : they have not only entirely
removed the gout, but have also very much improved my general
health. I have since recommended them to four individuals, who
have suffered much from gout and rheumatism ; and t!'ey all speak
highly of the benefit they have received from them. If you think
my case worthy of insertion among the many cures effected lay your
,vonderful medicine, 3 ou are at perfect liberty to publish it.
" I am, Sir, yours respectfully,
" J. J. WILSON."
The above testimonial exhibits the never-failing effects of this
valuable medicine, which affords is the afflicted with gout, rheuma-
tism, lumbago, sciatica, and all analogous complaints, speedy and
certain relief.

They require neither confinement nor attention of any kind, and
invariably prevent the disease attacking the stomach, brain, or other
vital part.

Sold by Thomas Prout, 229, Strand, London ; and by his appoint-
ment by all respectable Medicine Vendors throughout the United
Kingdom. Price 2s. 9d. per box.

. Ask for BLAIR'S GOUT and RHEUMATIC PILLS, and observe
the name and address of " Thomas Prout, 229, Strand, London," im-
pressed upon the Government Stamp affixed to each box of the
Genuine Medicine.

PEAT CHARCOAL AS A DEODORISER.
A lecture on the properties of peat charcoal as a
deodorising agent was delivered last night in the
theatre of the Mechanics' Institution, Southampton-
buildings, Chancery-lane, by Mr. Jasper Rogers,
whose name has been for some time before the public
in connexion with this subject. Mr. Shaw, the
editor of the Mark-lane Express, was called to the
chair. There was a very numerous attendance of
auditors, comprising several gentlemen distinguished
for their scientific attainments.

The lecturer commenced by a description of peat
charcoal, as found in the Irish bogs, which, he said,
possessed in itself fertilising properties; and in proof
of this he related several experiments which had been
made of the application of peat charcoal to potatoes,
&c., the result of which was a crop double that pro-
duced where ordinary manure had been used. But it
was when used in combination with nightsoil that its
peculiar properties became most apparent. It then
retained all its own fertilising properties, while it
also possessed the power of absorbing, deodorising, and
retaining for the purposes of vegetation all the
chemical properties of nightsoil ; and the two

substances thus combined -formed a manure more
valuable than any ever before offered to the world.
When put on the land peat charcoal had the power of
drawing to itself all the ammonia and salts which
every shower of rain brought down; and as it gave
out nutriment to the plant, it received a new supply
from the atmosphere, thus forming an almost inex-
haustible reservoir of manure and moisture. He then
proceeded to describe its deoderizing effects as
applicable to a large city; and in the course of his ob-
servations he condemned the system both of cesspools
and of sewers. His plan would be to have a tank
provided for every house, communicating with the
water-closet on the one side and the common sewer
on the other; the bottom of the tank covered with the
peat charcoal, through which the water would
percolate into the sewer, while the solid parts would
be absorbed and deodorised in the tank, such tank to
be emptied at stated intervals. Or, if this should be
objected to as involving too much trouble—though he
did not see that it would involve more than the
present system of emptying the dust•holes
of the metropolis—the same principle could be
carried out on a large scale by having a street
tank, or even one capable of acting as a receptacle
for 500 houses. The expense of a house tank would
be from 101. to 15/. ; the expense of a street tank
would not be more than 7501.; exclusive of the cost
of earthen pipes from each house, leading into it;
and the value of the manure would repay the cost
tenfold. He proposed to apply the same principle to
churchyards, as he was satisfied that if the surface
of a churchyard was covered for three or four inches
with granulated prepared charcoal, and that again
with a small quantity of macadamised stones, no
odour would penetrate through such a covering. So
with regard to the filtration of water, he was satis-
fied that the present complaints of the citizens might
be allayed without the formation of new water com-
panies, if the water at present obtained was only
properly filtered. He proposed to allow the water to
rise up through a stratum of charcoal and a sponge,
and it would then become like spring water. In fact,
that principle of charcoal in the filtration of water
had long been known ; the only objection to its ap-
plication lay in the price. Formerly it could not
be obtained under 91. per ton, but since peat had
been used, it could be had for from 21. 10s. to 31.
per ton.

The lecture was illustrated by diagrams of the
tanks proposed, and the means by which their con-
tents were to be removed ; and at the close of the
lecture an experiment of the deodorising power of the
charcoal was made, by mixing together and passing
through a machine two parts of charcoal to one of
night soil. Three judges were appointed to test the
fairness of the experiment, of whom Sir Charles Aldis
was one. The combined matter, after being ground
together in the machine, came out a fine granulated
powder, which Sir Charles and the other judges
declared to be perfectly free from smell—as free,
indeed, from any unpleasant odour as the purest
earth. The other gentlemen appointed to act as
judges concurred in this opinion.
After some conversation Sir CHARLES ALDIS moved
a resolution, that the experiment had been fairly and
openly performed; and that the results justified the
predictions and sustained the facts advanced by Mr.
Rogers in the course of his lecture.

The motion was seconded and unanimously agreed to.
Thanks were then voted to Mr. Rogers for the
lecture, and to Mr. Shaw for his conduct in the chair,
after which the meeting separated.

SERIOUS ACCIDENT TO LIEUTENANT KINLOCII.—
On Wednesday Lieutenant Kinloch, Grenadier Guards,
son of Sir David Kinlech, Bart., of Gilmerton, while
hunting on the grounds of his relative, Colonel Dundas
of Carronhall, Stirlingshire, broke his leg by the stumb-
ling of his horse. The unfortunate young gentleman
was immediately taken to Carronhall, and has suffered
severely from the accident, but we are glad to learn that
he is gradually recovering.—Caledonian Mercury.
The respected Member for East Somerset, William
Miles, Esq., has most liberally taken off 10 per cent.
from his rents at the last settlement. This is the
second reduction which Mr. Miles has made.—Farley's
Bristol Journal.

SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS
FROM THE MORNING PAPERS OF THIS DAY.
CHRONICLE.—MarshaI Haynau has much t.
answer for—not only to Austria and the house o
Hapsburg, but to Europe, whose peace may be fatal];
disturbed, and to the whole civilized world, whit
may be indefinitely flung back, by his reckless am
wanton disregard of the plainest dictates and corn
monest impulses of humanity. When the nee
French Republic first rose on the ruins of monarch.)
it was naturally regarded with distrust; but ther.
was one of its early acts wl.ich conciliated almos
universal sympathy. We allude, of course, to th(
abolition of the punishment of death for politica
offences. We are not discussing the prudence or pro
priety of following the example of the French in this
or any other country. We could name offences of the
most atrocious stamp—involving murder and rapine
in their most appalling forms—which would come
under the strict and literal definition of political. But
surely it is most indiscreet—to use the mildest forte
of expression—immediately after so remarkable
manifestation of democratic clemency, to associate the
cause of order and legitimacy with images of vindic-
tiveness. Let us admit that the late insurrection 'es
Hungary was attended by circumstances which de-
manded and justified severity, and that some of the
ringleaders, by the aggravated character of their
treason, deserved death. Surely the most sedulous
precautions should have been taken, by all the Impe
rial officers, both civil and military, to establish, be-
yond the possibility of a cavil, that justice was to
be combined with mercy, and that no unnecessary
degradation would form part of the punishments in-
flicted in the name of the Emperor. We say it with
deep regret, but it does appear to us, after making
every allowance for dramatic exaggeration in th-
reports, both that the number of executions ordered
by Haynau very far exceed the utneest conceivable
demands of the emergency, and that the miserable
fate of Count Louis Batthyany will excite a thrill of
horror, and an irrepressible feeling of indignant
sympathy in every quarter of the globe. " Count
Louis Batthyany," says the Ost-Deutsche Post, "bad
voluntarily surrendered to Prince Windischgratz
He was one of the members of the
deputation from Pesth that waited upon the
Imperial Commander-in Chief, to effect, if pos-
sible, a peaceable solution of the struggle against
Austria. Since then he remained a prisoner, and his
name was scarcely ever mentioned. Suddenly it is
upon every lip, and the report is spread that Batthyany
is sentenced to die upon the gallows. The effect
produced by the report was visible in the counte-
nances of all, and many looked anxiously forward to
the morning fixed for the execution; for although
the energetic measures of the state of siege set any
great demonstration at defiance, still something un-
usual was expected, either an act of mercy or an act
of despair. The morning came, and the dawn broke
upon an assembled multitude of many thousands
round a gallows erected on the Holz Platz. A
rumour suddenly spread through the crowd that
Batthyany had attempted suicide in prison. It proved
true ; but either the hand of the unhappy man or
his energy failed him., Though he gave himsel.
various wounds he did not deprive himself of life ;
he, however, escaped the rope. Twelve hours
later, at nightfall, he was led out and shot. As
yet it is a mystery what influence procured
the substitution of powder and lead for the rope.
Common report says that the wounds in the Count's
neck prevented the rope being used. Batthyany,
however, walked, it seems, with a firm step to the
place of execution, and before he fell, shouted in a
clear voice 'Elfen a haza 1' or, long live my country !
A fearful silence pervaded the multitude at this solemn
moment. Some ladies, apparently of the highest
classes, endeavoured to steep their handkerchiefs is
the blood of the dead man, but were driven back by
the guards." Ample details will be found in another
column, and we may take an early opportunity of
returning to the subject; but we could not refrain
from at once expressing our deep regret, unfeigned
horror, and extreme alarm at such occurrences, which,
we entertain a strong hope, will be disavowed.
TIMES.—The citizens of Aberdeen are very bold
men, for they have plunged into the most furiously
vexed question of modern times. They have sud-
denly presented themselves in the field as the
champions, not only of Sir Robert Peel's measures,
but, still more, of his motives. A diploma, written
in classic Latinity, records the public vote of these
learned Thebans, that Sir Robert has deserved well
of his country. Simple men ! Little can they
know the consequences of their ill-timed generosity.
is it possible that they have never seen the pages
where the statesman, his coadjutors, his supporters,
and his approvers of every degree are daily gibbeted ?
There are columns which are wreathed with festoons
every morning, fresh and new. Whatever fruit or
flower is uncouth to the eye, clammy to the touch,
or nauseous to the taste, contributes to those garlands,
while the more prosaic inscriptions with which they
are interspered contain all that is not complimentary
The demon of free trade, a more potent and
more unprincipled character than Satan him-
self, but embodied in the person of Sir
Robert Peel for the special benefit of this
unfortunate empire, is the invariable subject
of these g'oomy honours. The citizens of Aberdeen
will now be added to the hideous category. With
Jews, Quakers, and money lenders, they will now be
prayed for as insolvents pray for their opposing cre-
ditors. It is not unknown to many of our readers,
on an authority so moderate, so charitable, and so
well-informed as to be above all suspicion, that there
exists a horrid conspiracy for converting all the phy-
sical and moral resources of this country into solid
gold ; and when our flocks and herds, our corn and
our hay, our woods and our fisheries, our industry and
institutions, the sinews of the labourer, and the fatness
of the soil, have all been turned into sovereigns of the
exact standard metal and weight, then to take the
mass out of the country and bury it in the wit of our
bitterest and most implacable enemies. Sir Robert
Peel, assisted by every variety of human baseness,
and by every perversion or denial of Christianity, is
the author of this truly diabolical scheme ; and to such
a man the wretched citizens of Aberdeen have now
tendered their adhesion. These honest burghers can
hardly know the fearful import of the words they
employ to express their infatuated homage. After
naming " integrity" among the less undeniable vir-
tues which have placed Sir Robert in the highest
rank of statesmanship, and after singling for special
admiration his "efforts to reform our currency, and
place it on a solid and permanent basis," the Provost
dashes boldly into the thick of the question :
"Nor must I omit to refer, though but in a single in-
stance, to the measures which passed during your last
occupancy of public office—measures which, I have no
hesitation in saying, have placed the trade of this
country in a solid and permanent position, and will be
found ever to conduce to the prosperity and happiness
of the people. But, whatever be the ultimate result of
these measures, there is, there can be, but one opinion
as to the purity of your motives in bringing them for-
ward; and I take leave to assure you, Sir Robert, that
your reputation will yet grow brighter and brighter, and
your name will go down to future generations encircled
with renown."
We would not belong to Aberdeen for something this
next five years at least. There are hardly ten men
south of the Tweed who would venture on so unqua-
lified an encomium. We in this part of the world
handle the question of Sir Robert Peel's political vir-
tues much as a man might tread on flowing lava, or
on the edge of an icy crevasse. Besides the possibi-
lity of making a slip, the certainty of abuse is by no
means agreeable. There is a power in abuse—moral
or physical, it matters not much. In the noblest of
causes, a man does not like to be incrusted with mis-
sile dirt. Even a saint would not be tarred and feathered
every day of his life. Yet such is the inevitable fate
of the man who pronounces for Sir Robert. Judge
Lynch guides the pen, smearing the culprit with all
that would be odious, and adorning him with all
that would be ridiculous. As a matter of business
we in England shirk such a visitation. On the
personal question the Protectionists have almost a
monopoly of the field. They are allowed to con-
tinue with little interruption an amusement to
which they seem to find never-ending pleasure,
and which they invest with a superstitious value.
Thus the majority of the British people, with the
deepest thankfulness for Sir Robert's measures, and
the fullest conviction of their necessity, leave his
motives to a higher tribunal,—not because they have
not an opinion, but because the question is more
noisy than profitable. Not PO the citizens of Aber-
deen. Sir Robert felt the peculiar character of the
compliment. To be praised for his industry, his pru-
dence, his ability, and his perseverance, was only to
be told what everybody knows, and what nobody
denies. When the Provost mentioned his" integrity,"
Sir Robert must have experienced a throb of agree-
able expectation ; but no ordinary man unknowing of
the political arena, its competition, and its prizes, can
imagine the transport the ex-Premier must have felt
at the unwonted vindication of his " motives." On
that hint he spake, and the good people of Aberdeen
may now boast of having drawn from Sir Robert
Peel the most emphatic and touching protestation of
political innocence which sympathy could elicit or
antipathy extort.
" Well, I shall not abuse your generosity. The free-
dom of your ancient city has been conferred on me by
the unanimous vote of the magistrates and council ; and
though from this I am not to conclude that every mem-
ber of that honourable body approvea of °Tory act of

ny public life, yet I receive it as an assurance that yoa
,ppreciate the motives, although you may not all are
pith me in every measure I have felt it my duty to re.
:ommend to the Crown. I take it as an assurance that
;oil believe that I had no other object in view than to
,dvance the public well-being of the country ; and,
chile I would not disturb the harmony and good feeling
.f this meeting by introducing anything of a controver-
ial character, I cannot but be conscious of the kindness
ou have shown, nor fail to receive your appreciation of
ny motives, as a proof that you disregard and deepise
,he calumnies that have been heaped—."
rhe remainder of the sentence, we are told, was
frowned in cheers. The words were uttered with a
warmth which appealed to the generosity of the
hearers, and the appeal had effect. Really, as
Englishmen, we are alm)st ashamed of our country,
,hat Sir Robert should have to go so far north in
vest of a character, and that a canny Scotch city
should beat the warm south in the chivalry of political
sentiment. The Chief whom so mans abuse, and so
many more regard with cold admiration, will cer-
:ainly take refuge from foes and from friends in
Aberdeen. Why are we so backward? We have
only one apology. We plead a peculiar feature of
the British character. In the high mind of this
country, and as regards that greater class of men with
whom that- high mind is conversant, there is little
praise or blame. We do not call our great statesmen
-ither heroes or scoundrels, but assume them to be
more practical than the former, and absolutely inca-
pable of being the latter. So we leave panegyrics to
flatterers, and abuse to a class which we forbear from
describing. The people of England know that the
last great act of Sir Robert's political life was not
only wise but necessary ; and that Sir Robert showed
some intelligence in seeing that necessity, and some
:ourage in providing against it. But as to motives,
they are content to let the question alone, excepting
,nly that constant presumption that the motives of a
good act cannot be very had.
CHRONICLE.—The Wanderer of Vienna pub-
lishes a case of barbarity, perpetrated by Austrian
soldiers on a Hungarian lady, which can scarcely be
credited by civilized men. It is one of the most cruel
and unmanly outrages recorded in history; and no
retribution can be too severe for the wretch who has
committed it. As it now stands, it is a stain on the
whole nation ; but we trust that Austria will speedily
disclaim all sympathy with such crimes, by inflicting
the most extreme penalty on the criminal. Its pu-
nishment ought to be made a point of national honour
and morality; and we will not doubt that the Em-
peror will cause justice, to be done to the unhappy
lady, or that he will efface from his country the blot
,)f such a son—else his truest friends must withdraw
from him in horror at a concurrence at once unkingly
and inhuman. The letter which Madame de Maders-
bach has written is remarkable for it temperate
tone, and for a certain patience of despair far more
melancholy than the most vehement complaints.
Without parade, without invective, she tells how a
detachment of Leichtenstein's Light Horse, commanded
by a captain, whose name is not given, entered Rusk-
berg, where she resided, and in the neighbourhood of
which 10,000 Hungarians had surrendered at discre-
tion two days before. Without charge, and without
the form of a trial, or even of an examination, she
was suddenly torn from her home, dragged into the
:entre of a square formed by the troops, and there, in
;)road daylight, in the presence of the whole popula-
tion, publicly, cruelly, brutally flogged. Her hus•
band, maddened by such atrocities, blew out his
brains, and this last tragedy so excited the people
that they would have killed the officer, had he not
not been too well guarded. We cannot wonder that
the husband was unable to survive the indignities in-
flicted on the mother of his children. It must make
the heart of the coldest man burn with indignation
merely to picture to himself that scene, as occurring
to a woman of any age or class ; and still more so
when occurring to a lady so delicately nurtured, and
so respected and beloved as Madame de Madersbach
appears to have been. The cultivated and delicate- minded
gentlewoman exposed to the coarse eyes of vulgar
men, her flesh striped and bleeding with the whip,
her womanly delicacy outraged, her matronly dig-
nity insulted, sole and body alike exposed to toiture
to gratify one brutal man! This were shame enough
to any age or to a savage race, but it is intolerable
disgrace to the Europe of the nineteenth century. In
truth, there has been too much of this. It is time
that the Austrian Government inquired fully, and
punished sternly all who have so disgraced the name
of their country, and so violated her laws, in order
to satisfy universal humanity of their horror and dis-
gust at such barbarities. We trust soon to hear an
emphatic and complete refutation of the charge, or,
being found true on investigation, to learn that the
Government has awarded the greatest degree of
punishment to the cowardly slave who has thus
outraged every feeling of manhood and of de-
cency. Such men are not fit to live. They
are weeds that only serve to cumber the ground—
poisonous parisites that destroy the best tree. They
disgrace humanity, and make honest men blush at
their common existence—they give the lie to him
who believes in good, and so deform the world
that they are unfit to breathe the air of Heaven, for
their lives are out of tune with the harmony which
God has instituted. The Austrian Government mus'

feel the necessity of arresting the course of these
atrocities, and of showing, by punishments, its repu-
diation of such abandoned wretches. One prompt act
of this nature would be sufficient to deter others,

,nd would free the Austrian name from such fou

blots as else cannot be obliterated by ages. But let
us now look to home. An accusation, such as we
certainly never expected to be made against an Eng-
lishman, has been laid before the Emigration Com-
missioners against the surgeon of an emigrant ship,
ealled the Ramilies. He is charged with flogging,
by his own hand, four or more female emigrants
luring the outward voyage to South Australia. The
case has not been full investigated, but it is asserted
that four girls—who may have been disorderly and
mischievous, and who probably were so—were flogged
by the surgeon in the presence of the captain arid two
assistants. The backs of the poor women,'.; said,
were examined by a respectable matron, who
states that she found them scored and wealed with
large thick stripes, black and blue, and that " one
was bleeding." Granting them to have been
troublesome—granting them guilty of very gross
misconduct—no possible excuse can be offered for a
mode of punishment so utterly barbarous and unmanly.
Surely there are restrictive and coercive measures for
women superior to flogging them by men Surely
a strict moral discipline is better than an exercise of
brutal force, and a judicious mixture of kindness and
authority more effective, as an engine of control, than
placing them on a level with dogs and horses, striking
them with the whip to teach them reason, and expos-
ing their persons to teach them modesty and woman-
liness of demeanour ! The inhumanity of this mode
of punishment is so revolting, the indelicacy so shock-
ing, the preponderance of the lower element of man
i
so degrading, that we rank this action higher n. the
scale of atrocity than a larger legal offence committed
from the impulse of passion. It is particularly bad,
occurring where and how it has occurred. When
Goverment has been taking pains to make emigration
inviting to the poor, it is excessively annoying
that any cruel and unmanly ruffian should have
the power to destroy their confidence in the ar-
rangements made for their welfare, and to make
them cling to poverty and wretchedness at home
rather than risk exposing themselves to such indigni-
ties. Women are wanted in the colonies to an extent

that leads to unheard-of discomfort and disaster; and
the numerical inequality of the sexes is one of the
peculiar hardships of an emigrant's life. To entice
them out by every kindness and every indulgence, as
far as is morally healthful—to make them feel pro-
tected and cared for, has been the Government en-

deavour, and hitherto it has worked tolerably well. A
brutal, cowardly act can destroy this endeavour, and
four petty individuals damage the best and most
humane designs of an Executive. It cannot be that
an inquiry will not be instituted into this affair with-
_

out delay. If the charge be false, it is due to the
accused; if true, it is due to the Government, to
those poor victims, and to the nation. No accusations
of this kind ought to be disregarded. It involves
grave consequences—graver even than the mere viola-
tion of humanity, and it must not be lost sight of till
it has been clearly proved or clearly disproved. And, if
proved, a commensurate, swift, and unfailing punish-
ment must be awarded to men who have disgraced the
name of Englishmen, degraded themselves below the
rank of savages or brutes, and placed themselves in
direct opposition to the wise and beneficent designs of
Government.

BLAGROVR'S Rooms.—Last evening Mr. Henry
Nicholls gave his entertainment here to a highly de-
lighted auditory. The " reading" for this evening was
Shakspere's Othello, and never have we heard it better
read, not excepting Mr. Charles ICemble, than it was
last evening by Mr. H. Nicholls; there was a purity of
style that at once proclaimed the scholar and the gen-
tleman ; there was no " point making"—all was given
with a correctness and beauty which proved to demon-
stration that " the bard of Avon" was thorougtly under-
stood and duly appreciated by the talented reader.
The Princess Maude sailed yesterday morning at
nine o'clock from Dover to Calais, with three carriages
and seventy-one passengers, and returned from Calais- at
3 45 r.m., with one carriage and forty-three passengers,
including the Grand Duchess of Baden, and suite, who
left for London by the South-Eastern Railway at Six
o'clock.

RAILWAY INTELLIGENCE.

THE BRITANNIA TUBULAR BRIDGE.

MENAI STRAITS, MONDAY AFTERNOON.—This
afternoon the final lift of the Britannia tube took
place at three o'clock, the permanent level of 100 feet
above high water mark having been successfully
attained on Saturday, when its ultimate elevalon
was enthusiastically hailed from all parts of the works
with cheers and a succession of salutes. This addi-
tional hoist of three feet had to be made, and was in.
dispensably important to enable the engineers engaged
in the operation to join the great tube on to the end,
or land tubes, before laying it down on its permanent
bed plates and rollers, which will have to be placed
beneath it. This process of adjustment will occupy
three weeks.
It will be matter of surprise, however, to many to
be made acquainted with the fact, that in the success-
ful raising of the one tube to its permanent level one •
eighth part only of these colossal labours was accom-
pli.hed. There are three similar lengths of tube to
be floated and lifted, besides four of what are called
land tubes, before the stupendous fabric is completed.
The one set of tubes, giving a total length of
1,849 feet, will only form the passage for one line of
rails across the Straits, and alongside of these
another set of tubes, exactly similar and parallel, will
have to be raised to furnish a double line of rails for
the up and down line. The great object at present
in view is to get one completed, which, until the
second set is ready, will be used both for the up and
down trains, the passage of which will be regulated
accordingly. To show what has yet to be done, as
well as to illustrate the arduousness of the prospective
operations, a statement of the approximate dimen-
sions, and of the gross amount of material to be em-
ployed in the entire fabric, will be interesting. The
total length of these continuous tubes will be 1,849
feet ; the total length of the tubes for both lines of
railway, 3,698 feet; the greatest span in the clear,
460 feet ; the height of the tubes in the middle, 30
feet; height at intermediate piers, 27 feet; height at
each end, 23 feet; extreme width, 14 feet 8 inches.
The number of rivets in the entire bridge is 1,764,000;
the amount of iron calculated to be used is in the first

land tube, 274 feet long, 450 tons of plates; in the
other three, of the same length, 1,350 tons; in the
first tube of 472 feet long, 965 tons of plates; in the
three others of the same length, 2,895 tons of
plates ; making a total, with pier tubes, of 5,778
tons. The total computed weight of angle iron to be
employed in them is 1,240 tons, of T iron 856
tons, of rivet iron 6$G tons, of cast-iron in the
frames and beams 2,000 tons ; making a total dead
weight of 10,570 tons. The total length of the tubes,
if placed in a line, would be about three-fifths of a
mile. The strength of this great rigid structure con-
sists in what is called the cellular system, found so
effective in resisting lateral and vertical pressure.
The plan, as in the tube now raised, consists of a series
of cells or pipes at the top and bottom of the tube,
ranged in hollow compartments, covered above and
below by iron plates rivetted together, and having a
parallel direction to the long axis of the tubes. These
cells are sufficiently large to admit of the entrance of
a man for the purpose of being cleaned and repaired.
it was originally proposed to have a double tier of
these cells at the top, more effectually to resist the
crushing force, but the construction of a single tier
was subsequently resolved on as sufficient. These
cells have the effect of placing the resistances of com-
pression and expansion nearly in equilibrium with
each other. The utmost tenacity and stiffness is ob-
tained, with the least possible weight of material, and
it is believed that a tube of 1,000 feet span might be
constructed with safety upon this cellular system of
rigidity and strength. Trains have passed through
the smaller scale of tube at Conway for months,
without any injury or effect whatever. No motion
can be detected by the eye during the passage of a
train, and instrumental observations detect a deflection
of only the eighth of an inch. It has been found that
the effect of a very severe gale from the north-west
on the side of the Conway tube, at an angle of about
50 degrees, produced an oscillating motion, which
being carefully measured gave a lateral deflection of
only 0.23 inch. It is found, moreover, that the
enormous weight of the tubes themselves, opposed to
the impulse of the wind, is a security against con-
tinuous oscillation. The effect temperature constantly
produced, but in no way injuriously, on these large
surfaces of iron, is remarkable. In the afternoon, the
sun shining on the top and on one side, the tube is
bent in that direction 0.96 inch, or nearly one inch.
On comparing the deflections of the morning with
those of mid-day, a decrease of 7.10 of an inch was
observable, or a rising in the middle of the tube bad
taken place to that extent. The result of a change of
temperature is an increasing convexity in curvature
of the top and bottom sides, to the extent of raising
the entire tube 0 71 inch in the middle.

A large number of distinguished visitors have been
to inspect the tubes and stupendous works during the
last few weeks, amongst them their Royal Highnesses
the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge, who spent a
considerable time over the tubes, Prince George of
Cambridge, Lord Vivian, several of the nobility, and
almost every engineer in the kingdom. It is intended
by the directors of the Chester and Holyhead Railway
to give some cheap excursion trains periodically to the
Straits, to enable the middle and humbler classes to
visit these noble works of art. Two additional cylinders
have been cast for the lifting of the next tube, as a
reserve, in the event of the one in work failing. All
the preparations are complete for the floating of the
next tube, which will take place about the middle of
November. The day at present fixed on, should no
unforeseen contingency occur, for the completion of
one highway and the transit of the first train over the
Straits, is the Ist of March next.