The Sun.
London, England, 1822-12-13 00:00:00

BRAZIL.

" RIO JANEIRO, OCT. 19, 1822.—The preparations for pro-
claiming the Prince Regent, I)on Pedro, as Emperor of the
Brazils, were on a grand scale: the 12th of this month was the
day on which the ceremony was performed with the greatest de-
monstrations of joy, and an opposing solemnity. You have
already been informed of the declaration of independence of the
Brazils : this was a step which nothing could prevent, but was
acceler.ted by his Majesty's departure from Lisbon, and by the
impolitic proceedings of the Cortes.

" The people here are full of enthusiasm and fire, which, ac-
cording to my opinion, nothing can extinguish : if the black
slaves, among whom some symptoms of unruliness have lately
been observed, are not lost sight of, there is no doubt but the
independence will be maintained and consolidated. Of course
some difficulties are to be encountered in the beginning, but will
be overcome with a little energy and perseverance. The town of
Bahia is garrisoned with 4,000 European troops, under the com-
mand of General Madeira, and this force has refused to acknow-
ledge the independence of the 19 provinces : considerable pre-
parations are making to reduce Bahia, and it will no doubt be
accomplished in time. A division of 3 frigates and some other
vessels is to sail immediately for the purpose of blockading the
port; that force is commanded by the late Captain of the
Heroine privateer, of Buenos Ayres, who, on his arrival here,
was most graciously received by our Emperor, and made Cap-
tain in the navy, all the old European officers in that depart-
ment having been dismissed. Out Government is now in want
of able naval officers, and if any offer themselves, they will be
well received, and well paid : it is even said, that proposals
have been sent to Lord Cochrane, to take the command in
chief of our navy, with unlimited powers for giving it a
new organization, if he can obtain leave from the Govern-
ment of Chili. It is almost incredible what activity and
energy the new Emperor displays ; and if he was assisted
by able Ministers, he would do great things : he is beloved
almost to excess, having removed from his side all the Gran-
dees who might give umbrage to the native Brazilians, and
having introduced an extraordinary system of economy : you
may judge of it when you learn that he has reserved for his ex.
pences only ten contos of rees (about 2,0001. sterling) per an-
num, which he says will be quite sufficient for him. In fine,
every thing seems to indicate that our affairs will go well, with-
out the disorders and misfortunes generally attending revo-
lutions.

"•The Portuguese troops at Montevideo, having understood
that General Lecor had resolved to declare for the Brazilian
cause, attempted to oppose it, and would have murdered him,
if he had not been protected by a battalion which he had com-
manded in Europe, and which escorted him out of the fortress.
With this small force, and attended by all his Staff, he took
post at Canclones, where he was joined by Frutos Rivero with
700 men. Most of the inhabitants of Montevideo, fearing a
siege, have left it ; some naval forces are now fitting out, to
blockade that port.
" All the European Portuguese established here for years,
are winding up their concerns, and many of them have already
embarked for Europe, taking all their property with them ; few
or none will remain in a short time; money is scarce to such
a degree, that only copper can be obtained in exchange for
bank paper. Produce is equally scarce, and excessively high in
price."