The Sun.
London, England, 1838-02-10 00:00:00

COIIMITTEE OF SUPPLY.

On the motion of the CHANCELLOR of the EX-
CHEQUER, the House went into Committee of Supply.
The following votes were agreed to :-
1. Resolved—That: a sum, not exceeding 11,413,7501.,
be granted to her Majesty to pay off and discharge any Ex-
chequer Bills charged:on the Aids or Supplies of the years
1837 or 1838, now remaining unpaid and unprovided for.
2. Resolved—That a sum, not exceeding 2,000,000/ , be
granted to her Majesty to discharge the like amount or Sup-
plies granted for the Service of the year 1837, or for any pre.
ceding year.
The House then resumed.

SinioniSiTi.

THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDA Y, FEBRUARY 10, 1838.

LITERATURE.

DUBLIN REVIETV, No. VII.
London, Booker and Dolman, 1838.

The besetting defect of this Review is, that it does no

sufficiently consult the taste of the times in the selection of
its various articles, which though interesting enough to a
secluded student, or a sturdy church polemic, are—the
greater portion of them—caviare to readers in general.
They are alto too long, and not seldom deformed by mere
verbiage. From this censure, however, we must except
the first article in the present Number, which is a memoir
of Pozzo di Borgo, a statesman who has been mixed up
with most of the great public events in Europe for the last
twenty years and upwards, and proved himself one of the
most astute and quick-witted politicians of the age. This
able adventurer was, it seems, born in Corsica, and dis-
tinguished himself in the early period of the revolution as
a follower of the unfortunate Girondist Brissot. Soon
afterwards when his native country put herself under the
protection of England, he was raised by the patriotic Paoli
—whom our readers may remember as figuring conspi-
cuously in Boswell's Johnson—to the chief post in the
Corsican Government, which he held for two years. "At
length," says the Reviewer, " it became evident that the
tri-colored standard would soon be raised on the towers of
Ajaccio, and Pozzo di Borg°, did not wait to witness the
catastrophe. He embarked in an English man-of-war,
which bore him to Elba, thence to Naples, and thence again
to Elba. In th© course of his visits to that island, he be-
came well acquainted, with its localities, particularly the
small territory of Porto Ferajo, whither he afterwards ad-
vised the Allied Powers to exile his antagonist countryman,
Napoleon." A few years afterwards saw him in full posses-
sion of the confidence of the Emperor of Russia, whose
chief counseller he was throughout that stormy campaign,
which terminated in the occupation of Paris by the Allied
Powers, and the consequent downfall of the French Em-
peror. Pozzo di Borgo was from the commencement of
his political career the sworn foe of Bonaparte. He hated
him, with the deadliest hatred, both as a monarch and a
man. This hostility was reciprocal ; and frequent and
strenuous were the efforts made by the conqueror of Europe
to get his countryman Pozzo into his power. Entertaining
these sentiments towards each other, it may be imagined
with what feelings of exultation the latter beheld the over-
throw of the former, which he had himself so materially
contributed to bring about ! The subjoined extract, which
refers to Pozzo's feelings on this occasion, is replete with

interest :
" This critical conference lasted two whole hours, and the Corsican
did not quit Alexander without exacting from him a promise, that no
negociation should be entered into with either Napoleon or his family.
No sooner had he obtained that assurance than he hastened to the pro-
visional Ministers, and, addressing Talleyrand, cried, in the fulness of
his joy, ' My dear Prince, not only have I slain Napoleon politically,
but I have just thrown the last shovelling of earth over his Im-
perial corset' Thus the Corsican mountaineer had the heartfelt
satisfaction of finding that the goal, to reach which he had devoted the
best years of his life, and braced every mental and bodily nerve, was, at
last, fairly in sight. He attained it : his voice rang the knell to departing
greatness—his hand dug the political grave of the envied Emperor!!!
What an extraoadinary destiny attended the chequered fortunes of those
two men ! Born near the same spot, and nearly at the same time, for
there was but one year's difference in their ages, they both quitted their
native isle friendless, in the broad worldly sense of the word, and almost
destitute of aught, save their talents, and a stock of hatred equally shared
between them. The first adventurer fought his way to empire, and
proudly placed on his own head the most lustrous diadem in Europe ;
but forgot, in his elevation, that kings should ever steep the contests of
private life in the waters of oblivion ; and employed the plenitude of his
power to crush an individual, then, comparatively, a worm. Failing to
destroy, he yet forced him to become an exile, wandering from land to
land, until the fugitive, gliding, serpent like, through each vicissitude
still nearer to his prey, finally wove the net that brought his mighty foe
to earth, dashed the crown from his brow, and crippled for ever his poli-
tical and glorious career. Up to that moment the master passion of
revenge had concentrated in Fora° di Borgo every ardent effort of his
mind, and the most fervent aspirations of his soul. He could now, like
the merchant-senator commemorated by Lord Byron in his ' Two Fos-
cati,' have turned to his ledger, and written against the deadly debt long
due to him, pagato—paid."

In the " Religious System of the Ancients" much learning
and labour are thrown away on a subject of comparatively
little importance to the generality of readers of Reviews,
and which has the additional disadvantage of being tho-
roughly hacknied. All that we desire to know on this
point, we know already, and have known for fifty years and
upwards—thanks to the profound, though occasionally fan-
tastic, speculations of the great German scholars of that
period. " Principles of Colonization" acquaints us with
some curious, though scarcely novel particulars respecting
the present condition of New Zealand, in which the Re-
viewer observes, " nothing can be more shocking than the
conduct of the majority of the Europeans settled in this
country. In 1835 they numbered about two thousand ;
and the example set by them to the natives was a continued
course of the most disgusting immorality—of the most re-
volting crimes." The behaviour of the English Mission-
aries, however, who do their duty with unflinching courage,
is, it scents, going far to neutralize this state of things. The
essay'
on " Anglo-Norman Poetry " is learnedly written, and
by one who has a hearty love of his subject. It is,
h;rwidep‘'esr, thesomewhatmt "in Animal
Nmalum Magnetism"
grnaend justlytism''is,
p e
describes this quackery as "an unprofitable reverie." Of
as curious u overdone.us article
the few remaining papers the best is the treatise on " St.

RETROSPECT OF WESTERN TRAVEL.
3 Vor.s. Saunders and Otley, London, 1838.
_ .

c o
brief,l n t rbi eust—a
welcome
The tone of these volumes is creditable to Miss Mar-
tineau's sense of justice and impartiality. They are penned
spirit of ill-will nor of adulation towards the
but bear the strong impress of truth in every
nrieamigtiFeciisav:•ork so written, and on such a subject, is no
t about by Hall, Trollope, and other travellers of
slight novelty, and will go far to counteract the many fal-
lacies se
that class, who saw little in America to praise, but very
much to condemn. Miss Martineau made a long stay in
World, and resolving to take nothing upon hear-
for herself. She was told that it would he
ureo'civugsedfor one of her known opinions on the subject of
to visit the Southern States ; but she was not to
New Orleans, of which she gives us a
n:rma;ll:Yi'c sketch. In this city she received a
tbsdshlaca:en;geNajeruynted, and ventured into the very heart of the slave-
nevertheless she could not close her eyes
hearty
to the horrors of the slave system which beset her at
every Ulm. She was glad therefore to quit the place, and
embarked on board a steam-boat, which carried her in ten
days twelve hundred miles up that gigantic river, the Mis-
sissippi, the navigation of which is considered extremely
perilous, owing to the sudden squalls that sweep in an in-
stant over the surface of the broad stream ; and the sharp
logs of wood which lie concealed beneath, and pierce
through the planks of the steamer. We quote a descrip-
tion of one of these sudden hurricanes :

" The air was
Wing blue and
d glaring
darn', and close this night ; the moon dim, the light-
incessantly, and the wood ashes from the chimneys
very annoying. In well-lighted cabin the lightning seemed to pour
in in streams; and the thunder soon began to crack overhead. I believe
it was about three hours after midnight when I was awakened by a tre.
mendous and unaccountable noise overhead. It was most like plough..
ing through a forest and crashing all the trees down. The lady who
shared my state-room was up, pale and frightened, and lights were
moving in the ladies' cabin. The motion of the boat was so strange that
I thought it must waken every one on board. In the morning I was
shown the remains of hail-stones, which must have been of an enormous
size to judge by what was left of them at the end of three hours. I
was told that we had been in the utmost danger for above a quarter of
An hour, from one of those irresistible squalls to which this navigation
is liable. Both the pilots had been blown away from the helm, and
were obliged to leave the vessel to its fate. It was impossible to pre-
serve a footing for an instant on the top, and the poor passengers who
lay there, had attempted to come down, bruised with the tremendous
hail (which caused the noise we could not account for), and seeing with
the pilot no other probability than that the hurricane deck would be
blown completely away ; but there was actually no standing-room for
these men, and they had to remain above and take their chance. The
vessel drove madly from side to side of the dangerous channel, and the
pilots expected every moment that she would founder."

Miss Alartineau's details of her voyage out to America
are minute in the extreme,but not the less interesting on that
account. She suffered little from sea-sickness after the
first day or so, and was therefore in an excellent condition
to observe all, and to report upon what she saw. So little
indeed was she affected by indisposition, that she wrote more
than one article—she does not tell us for what Magazine
or Review—on board, a fact which deserves to be honor-
ably recorded, inasmuch as we believe it to be without pre-
cedent, except in the case of Sir J. Mackintosh, who wrote
some of his ablest criticisms on the writers of Queen
Anne's days, on his rwturn home from Bombay to
England. Our authoress informs us that it had long
been her wish to witness an Atlantic storm, and accord-
ingly after passing the Azores, she was accommodated to
her heart's content. The American packet-ship in which
she was embarked suddenly encountered a most ferocious
tempest, and during its greatest violence Miss Martineau
contrived to maintain her position upon deck. She fur
nishes us with a most vivid picture of the spectacle that she
there beheld, and expresses her astonishment that an At-
lantic storm was so unlike all the descriptions she had ever
,cad about it. On landing at New York, she made but a

short stay in that city—quite long enough, however, to
enable her to make acquaintance with some of the most
eminent statesmen in the United States—and then set out
for the Canadas. Of course, she visited the famous Falls
of Niagara ; and most grateful are we that she has spared
us a long description of them—for, in prose or verse, these
much-injured Falls are generally libelled about a dozen
times a year. On the whole they disappointed Miss Mar-
tineau, which we can readily believe, considering how much
has been said and sung about them by travellers and poets
for the last half century and upwards. The most accept-
able chapter in our authoress's book is that entitled " The
Capitol," wherein she gives us portraits of all the celebrated
literary and political characters with whom it was her good
fortune to become intimate during her brief stay at Wash-
ington. Altogether, her volumes may be considered
among the most edifying, certainly the most entertaining,
that have yet been published on the subject of America.

CONFESSIONS OF AN ELDERLY LADY.
Longman, London, 1838.

We can say no more of these " Confessions," than that
they abound in respectable common-place. Not a single novel
incident is there—not one striking idea—not one glimmer
of humour—from the first page to the last ; yet the work
reads passably enough, chiefly because what story there is,
is told without prolixity ; and more especially, because
there is no attempt at maudlin sensibility. The volume is
showily got up ; some of the embellishments are good ; and
of the binding, we may boldly pronounce that it is unim-
peachable.

UTOPIA AND NEW ALTANTIS.
Richerby, London, 1838.
A re-publication of two of the most curious speculative
works of Sir Thomas Moore and Lord Bacon, with a pre-
liminary Discourse, by Mr. St. John, in which he displays
much learning and ability.

SKETCHES OF YOUNG GENTLEMEN.
Chapman and Hall, London, 1838.

This is an amusing volume enough, with a small current
of easy humour trickling through it, which if it do not com-
pel you to explode in outrageous laughter, never fails to
elicit a simper of satisfaction. The object of the work is
to exhibit the peculiarities of the various classes of young
gentlemen who show off in the streets, or in the coteries
and various public places of the modern Babylon ; and this
task is accomplished in a quizzical, good-humoured manner,
that cannot possibly give offence. The author's first sketch
is that of the " Bashful Young Gentleman," who is charac-
teristically pourtrayed as "fresh-coloured, with as good a
promise of light whisker as one might wish to see, and pos-
sessed of a very velvet-like, soft-looking countenance,
which is suffused with a crimson blush." Talking of a
blush always reminds us of an Irish adventurer at a
watering-place, who, if he be young and tolerably good-
looking, is apt to be the most bashful, shrinking, and un-
obtrusive creature on earth. This unique specimen of mo-
desty ought not to have been omitted. Our author's next
portrait is the :" Out-and-out Young Gentleman," who is
generally employed in a city counting-house, or solicitors'
office, in which he does as little as he possibly can, his fa-
vourite places of resort being the streets, the taverns, and
the theatres. In the streets, at evening time, out-and-out
young gentlemen have a pleasant custom of walking six
or eight abreast, thus driving females and other inoffensive
persons into the road, which never fails to afford them the
highest satisfaction, especially if there be any immediate
danger of their being run over, which enhances the fun of
the thing immensely. This species of vermin is, we believe,
almost exclusively confined to Cockney-land, where it is of
indigenous growth, and nourishes in high perfection. It
may often be seen locked up in the station-house, or
standing at the bar of a police-office, from which it usually
departs minus five shillings of the lawful coin of the realm.
Though a very noisy, it is a very timid animal, with a
good deal of the cur, or rather of the spaniel, in its
character, and may be kicked and cudgeled with impunity.
Congreve's Captain Bluffe is a fine sample of an elderly
nuisance of this breed. The " Military Young Gentleman"
is one of our author's raciest and most felicitous sketches.
" He wears his undress uniform, which somewhat mars the
glory of his outward man, but still how great, how grand
he is ! What a happy mixture of ease and ferocity in his
gait and demeanour ;and how lightly he carries that dread-
ful sword under his arm, making no more ado about it than
if it were a silk umbrella! The lion is sleeping. Only
think if an enemy were in sight, how soon he would whip

it out of the scabbard, and what a terrible fellow he would
be !" This showy, and well-attired animal is for the most
part a native of the West end, and may be seen lounging
up St. James's or Pall-Mall, or standing at the door of a
Club-house, on a fine spring day at noon, greatly to the
admiration of the young ladies who may chance to be pass-
ing that way. When full-grown it sometimes attains the
height of six feet, and upwards, and is remarkable for its
destructive ravages among the fair sex. The engraving il-
lustrative of this animal is executed with infinite humour ;
but indeed all the embellishments are clever, and work out
the author's ideas with rare felicity. We have little doubt
that the volume will be quite as popular as its predecessor,
the "Sketches of Young Ladies."

HOOD'S 0 IVN.—No. I.
Bailey, London, 1838.

The idea of re-publishing Hood's Comic Annuals in
monthly shilling parts, is an ingenious one, and very likely
to be attended with successful results, especially as the
original embellishments are also to be added. The pre-
sent is the first part, and contains the admirable" Pugsley
Papers," in which the grievances and sufferings of a cock-
ney family, who have gone to ruralize, and cultivate the
picturesque, among the Lincoln fens, are narrated with a
world of broad humour. Here too we find the " Letter
from an Emigrant," who writes home to his friends in Eng-
land, that the spot which he has selected for his residence
in Africa, is in every respect a delightful and eligible one,
with the exception that the wells and springs in the neigh-
bourhood are all poisonous ; that lions are constantly
prowling about his log-hut ; and that alligators of the
largest size and most ravenous appetite, infest the adjacent
rivers. Attached to this laughable jeux d'csprit, is an en-
graving entitled " Meeting a Settler," which represents a
huge lion confronting an unhappy colonist who has come
upon the grim brute unawares, and has nothing to defend
himself with, except a small spade, which of course he has
dropped in his affright. The man's face is capital. I-lis
features are all awry, and his hairbristles up liKe porcupine's
quills, with the excess of his consternation, while the lion
takes things more coolly, for he clearly perceives that ho has
no occasion to hunt for a dinner, having it ready prepared
before him. The excellence of this plate alone is worth
the sum paid for the whole number.

-,
~,. ' .
;' ~ .
~~

LA RDNE S CYCL OP CE D lA. —No. X C IX.
Longnum, London, 1838.

The present volume of this Miscellany, which is the
fourth of the Lives of Eminent English Statesmen, contains
the Memoirs of Sir H. Vane, the younger, and Marten.
The author is Mr. Foster, who has executed his task in a
bold and independent spirit ; and in certain favourite
places—such as the dissolution of the House of Common FI
abruptly by order of Cromwell, when Vane was in the
midst of an impassioned harangue—in a very vigorous and
dramatic manner. Mr. Foster is a minute and enquiring,
and so far as we have been able to judge on a cursory
perusal, a scrupulously correct biographer. The admirers
of Hume's chapter on the Commonwealth should make a
point of reading these memoirs.

RAND OM RECOLLECTIONS OF THE HOUSE
OF COMMONS.
Br ONE OF NO PARTY, sth Edition.
Saunders and Otley, Conduit-street.
_ _

It is no trifling evidence of the interesting character of this
work, that within about two years it has gone through five
extensive editions. From the title it might be inferred
that we should find the volume to contain only a collection
of desultory and unconnected descriptions ; but however
happy and striking the title must be allowed to be, and
however we must concede to the author that his " Recol-
lections" have arisen in his mind at " random," and not in
any laboured order, this much is certain, that he has ar-
ranged them in a very methodical and satisfactory manner.
He commences with a minute and a complete description of
the House itself—the old House—a description which is ren-
dered doubly valuable and interesting from the fact, that the
House itself no longer exists, and this is the only exact record
existing of its form, appearance, and, if we may so say, of its
character. We speak, of course, only of the interior, for
any account of the concealed architecture of St. Stephens
would be quite foreign to a description of the House of

Commons. In a note, the author explains t 9: what extent
the description applies to the present House, and in what
respects the latter differs from the old House:,. ,
4e their
proceeds to explain the " Forms, Regulations,
the House, which he does in a most agreeable manner ;
and to this chapter he adds miscellaneous obser-
vations which contain much amusing anecdote, and
serve to illustrate the manner in which business is
done, and the general character of the Members. " Scenes
in the House" is an entertaining appendix to the preceding-
chapter, Thus in the first four chapters we have a perfect pic-
ture of the House of Commons generally, its Members, their
manners, appearance, and mode of doing business—a pic-
ture so complete as a whole, and so accurate in all its parts,
that those who have never had opportunities of visiting the
House may form an exact notion of every particular con-
cerning it, which certainly they could not form by a whole
Sessions' attendance in the strangers' gallery.
The remainder of the volume is occupied with graphic
and highly characteristic sketches of all the Members who
were brought by any thing, or in any degree, prominently
before the public attention, during the impm-tant period
which the " Recollections" embrace ; namely, from 1830
to the close of 1835. The sketches are so grouped as to
bring the original into the most favourable position for con-
trast and comparison. In the first group we have the late
and present Speakers—then follow, in their several
classes, the late Tory Members—the present Tory Mem-
bers—the Neutrals—the Ministers—the Liberals—the
Metropolitan Members—the Irish Members—the Literary
Members, &c.

Throughout the whole work, the impartiality of the
Author is conspicuous—and the vigour and expressiveness
of his portraits are such as would carry a conviction of his
powers of observation even to a critic who had not seen the
originals ; and we, from actual knowledge of his subjects,
can bear unqualified testimony to his fidelity. Of his style,
we have to say that it is correct and perspicuous.