The Sun.
London, England, 1849-01-04 00:00:00

No. 17,559.] LONDON 3 THURSDAY
, •
ti•

THE POST-OFFICE LONDON DIRECTORY
FOR 1849,

Being the Fiftieth Annual Publication, is now publishing, In 2,000
Royal Octavo Pages, price 36s
The following are some of the principal contents ; —Official Direc-
tory—Street Directory—Commercial Directory—Trades' Directory
—Law Directory—Court Directory—Parliamentary Directory—Pos-
tal Directory—City Directory—Conveyance Directory—Banking
Directory, &c., &c., &c.
This Edition of the Work has been most favourably noticed in the
metropolitan journals. For Reviews, see Times, Nov. 30th. 1848 ;
Morning Herald, Nov. 30th ; Morning Post, Nev. 30th ; Morning
Chronicle, Dec. Ist ; Sun, Nov. 30th ; Morning Advertiser, Dec. 2d ;
spectator, Dec. 2d ; Atlas, Dec. 20 ; Weekly Dispatch, Dee. 3d ;
Globe, Dec. sth ; John Bull, Dec. 9th ; Britannia, Dec. 9th ; Hera-
path's Railway Journal, Dec. 9th ; Literary Gazette, Dee. 9th.
Kelly and Co , 19 and 20, Old Boswell-court, Temple-bar ; and all
Booksellers in Town and Country. 4

PROVIDE against FROST.—DEFRIES'S
DRY GAS-METER is never affected by Frost or Time, and
may he hired at a trifling expense of all Gas Companies who oiipply
meters to their customers. Nearly 30,000 have been sold, and the
first judges of the day have pronounced them to be unequalled, while
the patronage of Government, the public, and of all the London and
most of the provincial companies, confirm the fact. N. DEFRIES
begs to state that, in addition to the large meter he recently con-
structed for the Royal Italian Opera House, Covent-garden, upon the
order of the Chartered Gas Company, and which passes 6,000 feet of
gas per hour, he has been honoured by that Company with the addl.
tioAal order for the meter for the New llouses of Parliament, which
is calculated to pass 10,000 feet of gas per hour, and to supply 2,000
lights, and has been universally pronounced to be the most superb
and effective measuring machine ever constructed. It will remain
for public inspection for another week at Me.srs. Glovers, PIS,
Drury-lane. Testimonials may be obtained at either Factory-10,
llampstead•road, or 67, Saint Martin's-lane.
Caution.—To avoid deception, observe REFRIES' narae upon the
Badge.

CHRISTMAS FESTIVITIES.
The gaiety that reigns supreme at the social re-union: of this
period of the year induces the fair and youthful to be more than usu-
ally desirous of shining in personal attraction, while the rich luxuri-
ant tress, the clear and transparent complexion, and the pearly set
of teeth form admirable trophies of the ineAtimable virtues of

ROWLANDS' MACASSAR OIL,
ROWLANDS' KALYDOR,
And ROWLANDS' ODONTO, or PEARL DENTIFRICE.
The patronage of Royalty throughout Europe, and their general use
by the aris!ocrivy and the elite of fashion, together with the confir-
mation by experience of the infallible efficacy of these creative and
renovating specifics, have characterised them with perfection, and
given them a celebrity unparalleled.
As presents for both sexes none can be more recommendatory, or
more now in general use.
LEWARE OF SPUMOUS IMITATIONS.

Some are offered under the implied sanction of royalty, and the
Government Departments, and similar attempts at deception. The
only Genuine of each bears the name of " ROWLANDS' " preceding
that of the Articles on the Wrapper or Label, with their Signature
at the foot, in Red Ink, thus
A. ROWLAND AND SONS.

Sold by them at 29, Hatton-garden, London, and by respectable
Chemists and Perfumers.

Just published, price 55., Eve., in cloth,
THE RATIONAL TREATMENT of STRIC-
TURES of the URETHRA, in all their varieties and compli-
cations. With practical observations on the use and abuse of instru-
ments in the treatment of urethral diseases, chewing that the unne-
cessary employment of instruments is a frequent exciting cause of
stricture, and that a want of practical knowledge and manual dex-
terity in their use, when necessary, is the source of most of the se-
vere, long-protracted, and complicated cases of that disorder so fa-
tally prevalent.

By F. E. COURTENAI7, m.r..c.5.E.,
" The operation of introducing a catheter through an impermeable
stricture is, without doubt, the most difficult in the whole range of
surgical operations, and demands all the prudence, science, and skill
of a master. The art can only he acquired, and that gradually, by
frequent practice."—Liqon's Operative Surgery.
Published by H. Bailliere, 211, Regent-street ; aid may be had of
all booksellers in taws or country.

THE BEST APERIENT and ANTIBILIOUS
MEDICINE for general use is FRAMPTON'S PILL OF
HEALTH, which effectually relieves the stomach and bowels by
gentle relaxation, without griping or pr istration of strength. They
remove head-ache, sickness, dizziness. pains in the chest, &c., are
hivhly grateful to the stomach, promote digestion, create appetite, re-
lieve lanzour and depression of spirits ; while to those of full habit
and free livers, who are continually suffering from drowsiness, heavi-
ness, and singing in the head and ears, they offer advantages that will
not fail to be appreciated.
This medicince has for many years received the approval of the
most respectable classes of society ; and in confirmation of its effi-
cacy, the following letter has been kindly forwarded to Mr. Prout,
with permission to publish it, and if requisite, to refer any respect-
able person to its author :
" To Mr. Prout, 229, Strand, London.
Heavitree, Exeter, April 24, 1844.
" Sta,—l feel pleasure in being able to bear my strong and unsoli-
cited testimony to the excellence of your I'rampton's Pill of Health,'
which I consider a most safe, efficacious, and very superior ge-
neral medicine. The widow of an officer, an elderly lady, and
near relative of mine, has used them—very rarely having re-
course to any other medicine for a long period of years. She
has recommended them extensively, and in one instance in
which she induced a person to adopt them, and supplied the
first box herself, they have proved of extraordinary efficacy. I think
drat, perhaps, there is scarcely any other of the many patent medi-
cines before the public of equal value as a ' friend In need ;' certainly
none possessed of superior claims. I shall he happy on all occasions
to give them my individual recommendation; and am, Sir,

'• Your obedient servant,

41 * * * 02,

Sold by T. Preut, 299, Strand, London. Price Is. 134 d. and 2s. 9d.
ner box. Also by the venders of medicines generally throughout tile
kingdom.
Ask for FRAMPTON'S PILL of HEALTH, and observe the name
and address of " Thomas Front, 229, Strand, London," on the Go-
vernment Stamp.

Illustrated by 2€ Anatomical Coloured Enzravlng: on Steel.

ni PHYSICAL DISQUALICATIONS, GENERAT7YR INCAPA-
CITY, &ND IMPEDIMENTS TO MARRIAGE.

ow Edition, enlarged to 196 pages. Just nubliched, price 2s. 6d., or
cost, direct from the Establishment, 3s. 6d. In postage rtansps,
THE SILENT FRIEND, a 'Medical Work on
the intrsnities and decay of the ganerative system, from ex-
o4sive indulgence, infection, and the inordinate use of mercury,
dtli remarks on 111arrlage, end the means of obviating certain dis-
ualiflections. Illustrated My 26 Colourod Engravings. Ly It. and
.. PERRY and CO., Consulting Surgeons, 15, Berners-street, Ox-
ord-street, London. t'ublished by the Authors : sold by Strange.
21, Paternoster-row ; Hannay, 63, and Sanger, MO, Oxford-street ;
Rarle, 23, Titchborne-street, flaymarket ; and Gordon, 146, Leaden-
tall-street.

PAUT I. treats of the anatomy and physiology of the re-productive
rgans, and is illustrated by Six Coloured Esgravings.

PART 11. treats of the ec;nsequences resulting rrorn excessive ladni-
ence, and their lamentable effects on the system, producing mental
nd bodily weakness, nervous excitement, and generative incapacity.
llus trate(' I)) Three x plan atery Env.tying&
Pau': 111. treats of the diseases resulting from infection, either in
he primary or secoadare forint, and contain explicit directions for
beir tre.atmext. This .ectiols is illustrated Seventeen Coloured
En;ravings.

PART iv. contain? a Prescription for the Prevention of DlseLso
oy a simple asp ication, by which the danger of infection Is ob-
viated. This important part of the Work should not escape the
eader's notice.

Pam, T. is devoted ti the consideration of marriage, and its
.utics. The causes of unproductive union are also considered, and
he whole subject critically and philosophically inquired into.
TITS:CORDIAL limas sr STRIACIag is exclusively employed in treat-
ng nervous and sexual debility, impotence, tee., Ds. and 335. per
)attic. The Concentrated Detersive Essence, at anti-syphilitic
emedy, for purifying the blood in cases of infection, secondary spine-
cuss, eruptions, and the abuse of mercury, Ile. and 335. per bottle.
'erry'v Purifying specific Pills, it. 9ct., 4s. Gd., and Ile. per box, a
certain, remedy for gonorrhoea, gleet, stricture, and chronic inflasoma-
ten of the bladder. Consultation tee, if so, letter. 11. A. minute
retail of the case is required : age, habits, and position In society.
A,. Packets, ,vith advica, to be !opi at ilia Es'elelishisient only, by
which the fius.ll.„ is saved. Messrs. Perry, Surgeons, are in atten-
lance daily at 19. tereer..treet, Oxford-street, London. Trani r,e-
von till Two, and Five to Eight; on Sundays from Eleven to Ore,

A 1 A E.
vi It -
One half the wend aro desolately single, and the other
opposing them married. questionably contented. Diffidence, or a
,ruse of right determine the former, and miscalculated hopes em-
..:tter the latter. The solitary one may shield himself under the plea
)t caution and worldly prudence, and the indissoluble, regret an-
emprosing hurry ; but the truth lies deeper. Thysical incapacity,
m 4 broken health, are the great hindrances to domestic happiness
end social content. The dowry should net be the only marriage set-
dement. Honour and justice dentend that health should fame as item
,n the compact; it alone dignifies the alliance. Blighted hopes or
-eglect wound more sorely than poverty or misfortune. Reader, if
hese surmises concern yen, procure Dr. CULVERWELL'S little
4EMOIRS "On Single and Married Life, " pub. in 2 vele., Is.
.ach (by post, in stamps, Is. Gd. each). Let no imaginatively
-efined, or prudish feeling deter you, by their titles, nor he hindered
)s• miginterpretatien of their supposed contents, from obtaining
rem. They are not intended certainly for mere idle cariosity, but
or the closet perusal of those mere deeply interested, to whom
:"ay are offered as antagonistic to the empyrical trash put forth en
the above subjects, by unqualified authors, which alone or
ogether, are a disgrace to the age. Furthermore, two other
ittlo publications claim your attention (same price Is. each,
by post Is. 6d.) called " What to Eat, Drink, and
kvoid," and " How to be Nappy." They are net merely
osuiphlets, but equal in quantity a library volume, nor are they the
mere ephemeral scribbling, of the hour, but the study of the author's
ife, who owes his present existence, health, and position to this ob-
'ervance of the maxims he would inculcate—to do unto others as he
vsuld be done unto—to live after nature's laws—and to keep always
sn the " sunny side of the way." The above works may be had of
aherwood, 23, Paterncster-row ; Carvalho, 147, Fleet street • Mann,
39, Cornhlll ; Nelson, 457, West Strand ; or direct (by post or ether-
..ese) from the author (who may be conferred with personally,
nominee cod evenings), io. Argyll-place Regent-street; and all
faCtakleilATA
ILO V E is the leading feeling of the human
breast. Mere exalted than mere passion, it sears high above
every other impulse of nature, and is not only stronger than avarice,
but more engrossing even than ambition. No man is exempt from
its influence, or can avoid its sway ; and business, pleasure, philo-
sophy, and divinity itself become neglected under the enthralling
power of LOVE, which, unlike most things, increases in intensity
with time, until it receives the sacred consummation of marriage.
When union does not take place, however, this passion, this
iervour, this golden tide of the manliest feelings becomes a deadly
poison in the heart, which now darkens, as it before bright-
ened, all things upon earth. How is it that men, of most un-
changeable habits, will change at the very altar, and after a life-
time spent in the fulfilinem of every engagement, snap the very con-
tract asunder which should be most binding to an honourable mind?
It is the effect of conscience. The Lover, by enervation of early
habits, or the results of secret disease, knows himself to be
disqualified, and dares not enter a state which has been
ii.stituted by Divine Law for the fulfilment of important
ends. The wretched condition of such a being must subsequently be
beyond measure deplorable ! Loving and beloved, he entails the
most miserable disappointments on the object of his choice, and upon
himself a desolation the most horrible, when the simple possession of
natural attributes would change the scene, and yield to both a life of
unalloyed happiness. The subject is interesting, and deserves the
attention of all. These desirous of investigating it will Ind the
fullest and most satisfactory information in the little work entitled

SRLF-PRESERVATION,
illustrated by forty coloured engravings on the anatomy, physiology,
and diseases of the reproductive organs; with practical observe-
ions en the secret infirmities of youth and maturity, resulting from
solitary habits, excesses, or infection.

By SAMUEL LA'MERT, ALD.,
Doctor of Medicine, Matriculated Member if the University of
Edinburgh. Licentiate of Apothecaries' Mall, London, Honorary
Member of the London Hospital Medical Society, &c.
This treatise is the result of a long course of study in a peculiar and
much neglected branch of medical practice, and the author having ob-
tained the medical honours, is a guarantee for his profes-
sional experience, which has reference almost solely to the treat-
ment of these diseases.
REVIEW OF TUE WORE.

La'Mert on the Infirmities of Youth and Maturity.--" There are
scenes in the drama of life which are acted with ne spectator hut
Conscience ; and of these the result is ever disastrous. Happy the
mortal who meets with a timely mentor to snatch him from the golf
into which such scenes must plunge him ! In the book before us
such a monitor is to be found, calculated to warn and instruct the
erring, without impairing one idea that can vitiate a mind not al-
ready tutored by the vices of which it treats. It is written in a style
of masterly precision and lucidity, blending the profoundest truths of
philosophy and physics with the loftiest precepts of morality. It is a
production calculated to confer a vital benefit, physically and morally,
upon all who are tempted from the rigid path of abstemiousness and
Propriety. A father may trust it in the hands of his boy. By un
t aught innocence the hook is not, of course, needed ; but wherever
laxity has prevailed, the tender yet awful voice breathing in these
Pages is likely to prove as strikingly beneficial as the admonitions of
a homily blended with the practical advice of a writer on medicine."
—United Kingdom Magazine.
The vverk may be kad price 2s. 6d., of Kent and Richards, i 2,
ter-row; Hannay, 63, Oxford-street; Stacie, Tlchborne-
"'L. Haymarket ; Gordon, 146, Leadenhall-street ; Mansell, 115,
Fleet-street ; er, free by pest, for forty-two stamps, from the author's
residence, who may be consulted on these disorders personally, or
by letter, daily, from Ten to Two, or from Five teEight.
37, BED1'0111)-(41lAtiE, LONDON.

St. Ives, Dee. 26, 1848.

ROYAL FREE HOSPITAL,
GRAY'S INN-ROAD.

Destitute diseased persons are admitted on application, with-
out letter of accommodation or other preliminary form.

The Weekly Board earnestly entreat the aid of the benevolent to
enable them to meet the numerous applications made at the Hos-
pital, as they regret to state that train want of funds they are daily
compelled to refuse admission to many most urgent and distressing
eases.

Contributions received by the Treasurer, John Masterman, Esq.;
M.P., Nicholas-lane ; also by Messrs. Coutts and Co. ; Drummond
and Co.; llerries and Co.; Ransom and Co. ; Prescott, Grote, and
Co. ; Smith, Payne, and Co.; Glyn and Co.; Jones Loyd and Co. ;
Barclay and Co. ; Donison and Co.; Williams, Deacon, and Co. ;

Overend, Gurney, and Co. ; Nisbet and Co., Berners-street ; Master-
man and Co. ; and at the hospital.

CriFit-off ap,,arel, Male, and Female, will be gratefully :tallow-
ledged.

By order of the Weekly Board,
EDW. RICE, D.D., Chairman,

TO CONTRACTORS for PUBLIC WORKS.
NORFOLK, CAIIBRIDGESIIIRE, tuid HUNTINGDON-

SHIRE.

The COMMISSIONERS for the DRAINAGE of the MIDDLE
LEVEL. of the FENS will MEET early in Mitten, 1849, to receive
TENDERS for the Deepening, Widening, or otherwise Improving
about 100 Miles in length of the Rivers and Drains within the Middle
Level, extending from Unwell, in Cambridgeshire and Norfolk, to
and beyond Whlttlesey Mere, in Huntingdonshire, together with the
setting back and repuddling of ranks, the removal or underpinning
of Bridges, and the erection of new Bridges, Sluices, Pen Sluices,
Tunnels, Culverts, and other Works authorised by the " Middle Level
Dra.nage Amendment Act 1848," and Acts therein recited.

The plans and specifications Inlay be: seen en application to
Messrs. Walker and Burgess, Civil Engineers, 23, Great George-
street, Westminster, on and after the 10th of January next.
The Contract is to be for the execution of the works for a gross
sum, which, together wins the time within which the Contractor will
undertake to complete the works, must be stated in the Tender. The
Commissioners are most anxious to have them completed with all
possible dispatch.
Tenders, under seal and indorsed " Middle Level Tender," to be
addressed and delivered to George Game Day, solicitor, St. Ives,
Huntingdonshire, on or before the Ist of March, 1849.
Ample Security wall be required.
The Commissioners do net bind themselves to accept the Lowest
Tender.

GEORGE GAME DAY.
Clerk to the said Commissioners.

FAULTLESS NIGHT LIGHTS.
THE NEW PATENT ALBERT NIGHT
LIGHTS are the best, cleanest, most simple and safe, effi-
cient, and economical

In Boxes at 6d., containing 8, 10, or 10 Lights, to burn 0,7, or
hours each.
To be ased in the Albert Lamps, at id., GI, 9d., or Is. each.
Sold retail by Grocers, Oilmen, Lamp Dealers, and Chemists
everywhere.

riIHE ALBERT NiGHT LIGHTS are the
best. Price 6d. per Box . Sold everywhere.

THE POST-OFFICE ROBBERY ON
THE GREAT-WESTERN RAILWAY.
(From the Western Luminary.)
At the Guildhall, Exeter, on Tuesday morning,
Henry Poole, and a man who refused to give his
name, were charged with opening the mail-bags in
their transit from Bristol to Exeter, and with ab-
stracting several letters, registered letters, and par-
cels therefrom.

Mr. Turner appeared to watch the case on the part
of the prisoner Poole, and Mr. Scoble Willesford for
the man without a name.

Mr. Barlow, one of the directors -of the Great
Western Railway Company, stated, that he was a
passenger last night by the mail train from London
to Exeter, and that on the train reaching Bridge-
water, the guard came to him and stated that the
mail bags had been opened ; that they had been per-
fectly safe at Bristol, but that, on getting to Bridge-
water the mail-guard had discovered that the car-
riage had been opened and the fastenings of the bags
cut. He was satisfied from this information that the
robbery, if any, must have been committed by
some one in the train, and that whoever
had committed it must be in the train
still. He therefore gave directions that every door
should be immediately secured: there were very few
passengers, and these men, who got in at Bristol,
were sitting together in a first-class carriage. Mr.
Andrews, a solicitor of Modbury, was in the same
compartment, but quite upon the other side of it,
and the door between him and the prisoners was shut
and the blind down. Having satisfied himself that
these must be the men who had cut open the bags,
he caused them to be searched, but nothing tending
to implicate them was found on them at that time. At
Taunton he had them removed into the waiting-room,
and the carriage was searched more particularly,
when, under the seat on which they had been sitting,
a handkerchief was found containing thirteen or
fourteen parcels, taken from the mail-bags, and all
directed to parties in the west of England. In the
carriage-pocket two crape masks were found, which
be apprehended bore evident marks of having been
freshly made; there was also a black cap well
calculated for the purposes of disguise. There had
since, he understood, been found a pair of false
moustaches, which it was of some importance to
notice, because it was possible they might be found
to bear upon a similar robbery of the up mail train,
which had happened on the same night. He gave the
prisoners into custody of the superintendent of the
Plymouth police, who was a passenger by the train ;
and, on reaching Exeter, they were immediately
handed over to the police.
Joseph Rhynheart, the guard of the down mail-
train, stated that on reaching Bristol a report was
mach that the bags of the up-train had been opened
between Exeter and that place. The practice was for
the mail-guard to remain in the carriage with the
bags between Bristol and London, both on the up and
down journeys; but between Bristol and Exeter he
rode in the sorting carriage, which was a separate
compartment, with the sorting clerks. On reaching
Bridgewater, the mail-guard called his attention to
the fact that the mail bags had been opened, and on
going into the carriage he saw that many of them
were tied up in a different way from that in which
they were usually sent from the Post-office ; the
original fastenings had evidently been cut, and pieces
of the string were strewn about the floor of the car-
riage ; other pieces of precisely the same description
were subsequently found upon the carpet in the
carriage where the prisoners had been sitting.
Mr. Clarke, the night superintendent at the
Taunton station, proved that he searched the carriage
in which the prisoners had travelled at Mr. Barlow's
request, and found under the seat a number of letters
and parcels, which he handed over to Mr. Gibbons,
superintendent of the Plymouth police.
Mr. Gibbons produced the parcels, which were,
with scarcely an exception, of a bulky character, and
such as were likely, from their appearance, to con-
tain valuable property. When he first searched the
prisoners at Bridgewater, he found a gold watch and
money on each, but nothing to connect them with the
robbery.
The mail guard having been obliged to go on to
Plymouth with the bags, and other evidence being
necessary to complete the case, the magistrates re-
manded both prisoners until Saturday.
Mr. Mountford attended on the part of the Post-
office authorities.

The prisoner Poole was for some time in the service
of the Great Western Railway Company as a guard ;
the other man is entirely unknown.
None of the property plundered from the up-mail
has yet been found. One of the registered letters
stolen from this mail, it is stated, contained 4,0001.,
and the loss, so far as at present known, unquestion-
ably amounts to much more than that sum. Colonel
Maberly, the secretary of the Post-office, and Mr.
Peacock, the Post-office solicitor, were engaged the
whole of yesterday morning in arranging plans for
the full development of the affair.

ST. MARY'S SCILLY.—WRECK WITH LOSS OF
LIFE.—The Swedish brig Charlotte of Stockholm, E.
Stranvitz, master, of about 350 tons burthen, from Got-
tenburg for Monte Video, with deals and balk, was to•
tally lost on Meledgan, one of the Scilly Islands, on the
25th instant, at 4 A.X., when the master, chief mate, two
men, and one passenger were drowned. The remainder
of the crew, ten in number, were observed from St.
Agnes Island, at daybreak, on Meledgan, which is an
uninhabited island, with a colour flying, and where they
had erected a tent. They left Gottenburg on the 19th
instant, and made St. Agnes light about 2 A.m., yester-
day, but could not weather away the rocks, the wind
having veered from S.E. to S.W. blowing a gale. The
names of the men who have been saved are C. L. A.
Twenson, second mate; seamen, A. Nilsen, A. Ander-
son, A. Borjerson, Z. Mattison, Z. Stromberg, A. Ja-
cobson; A. Jehansson, (cook) leg slightly hurt; W.
Legor, boy; all of whom have been provided with cloth-
ing and every comfort, by T. J. Buxton, Esq. Swedish
Vice-Consul, at Scilly, and will be forwarded to their
homes in a few days. Drowned, E. Stranvitz, master;
H. 0. Olbert, N. Yanson, seamen; Carl Linfeltz, boy;
Carl Thornssen, passenger. Yanson's body was picked
up by the crew and left on the island. The survivors
were rescued by the crew of the pilot boat Active,
who approached as near as possible to the Meledgan
Rock, and cast ropes by means of stones attached to
them, which they fastened round their bodies, and jump-
ing into the :.-ea were hauled on board. It is feared that
but little of the cargo will be saved. Portions of the
wreck have been washed on shore at St. Mary's.—
Cornwall ' oyul Gazette.
GALLANT CONDUCT.—As 'the Mersey, Tranmere
boat, which left the Tranmere slip for VLiverpool, on
Thursday, at half-past one, was putting some of the crew
of the Iron Duke on board that vessel, one of them
slipped his foot, fell into the water, and sunk, being
apparently quite unable to swim. Ono of the crew of the
Mersey, Joseph Kane, the gallant fellow who has already
rescued 13 or 14 lives from drowning, immediately
jumped into the water with the end of a rope in his
hand; but finding that this impeded him, he let go the I
rope, swam towards the spot, and, getting hold of the
drowning man, held him above water till a rope was
thrown to him, and both were drawn safely on board.'
A few coppers wore collected for the gallant fellow by
one of hia comrades, but be is well deserving of some
more substantial re ward.—Liverpool Standard, •

AMERICAN NEWS.

LIVERPOOL, WEDNESDAY.

By the arrival of the steam-ship Canada, we have
received New York papers to the 20th of December,
being seven days later than the advices received pre-
viously.

The proceedings of the American Congress do not
contain any news that is likely to interest the Euro-
pean reader. Mr. Miller, of New Jersey, had moved
in the Senate a resolution, calling on the President
for information concerning any correspondence had
with the Government of Spain concerning the pur-
chase of Cuba. After some discussion, Mr. Miller
consented to allow his resolution to lie over. Another
project has been started for a railroad across the
Isthmus of Panama. A. Bill is pending in Congress
for giving the contract to the parties for carrying the
Pacific mails for 20 years, at 265,000 dollars per
annum, and on being secured to them, the projectors
offer to construct the railway.
It is believed that the Congress will not at its pre-
sent sitting effect any changes in the tariff, although
efforts may be made to increase the duties on iron and
some other articles of import. It seems, however,
that with the next Administration will come certainly
a reconsideration of the whole tariff policy, and its
adjustment, as it is hoped, upon a basis at once per-
manent and satisfactory to American citizens, without
material detriment to revenue or imports from other
countries.

The gold excitement sweeps the entire Union.
Scores of ships are advertised to leave the several
ports of the United States. At New York alone
thirty vessels, from barques of 150 tons to ships of
1,000 tons, were preparing to take their departure for
the gold region. Such was the haste, and so eager the
desire, to finger the precious metal, that as much as
175 dolls. had been paid for a passage to Charges
from New York, although that port was net more
than half the distance to the gold regions. Respect-
ing the mines, accounts continue to be received fully
confirming previous reports as to the immense
supply, and plenty of gold in California. It has
been tested by the United States authorities, and
found genuine. At the same time, rumours are afloat
respecting lawlessness and violence in the country,
near the gold diggings, and as there is no settled go-
vernment in California, scenes of terror and bloodshed
are dreaded.

It is said that the Mormons have laid claim to
a large tract of the gold territory in California,
and make a demand of 30 per cent. duty on all
gold taken therefrom. This step will, no doubt,
lead to troubles between them and the newly arrived
emigrants.
This arrival brings late Mexican news. An extra
session of Congress had been called. Don Luis
Gueras had succeeded Senor Otero, as Secretary of
Foreign Affairs, the latter having resigned on the
lath of November. The Secretary of the Treasury
had obtained a loan of 200,000 dollars. A change
in the tariff continues to be advocated, so as to re-
duce the duties on imports, but, at the same time,
prohibit the entry of goods similar to those which
can be produced in Mexico. It was generally be-
lieved that Paredes had effected his escape out of
Mexico by the West India steamers sailing to
Southampton. The news from the insurgents at
Cerra Gordo is deplorable. Bustamente has dis-
patched a force against them from Querotoro, but
they took refuge at once in inaccessible fastnesses,
losing only a few killed and wounded.
A few Irish emigrants, supposed to he detective
police, had met with rough treatment at New Orleans,
for having, it was said, taken part in the prosecution
of the Irish insurgents. They were named Harris,
Kavanagh, Ford, and Kearnes. It took some diffi-
culty on the part of the New Orleans police to relieve
them.

The following are extracts from the American
papers :

BALTIMORE, DEC. 19.—Advices have been received
here from Merida to the 11th of November. It is stated
that General Bruna has been arrested, tried, and shot,
for treason, in having connived at the escape of Paredes
from the country.
The United States schooner Flirt was at Laguna—
all well.

Quite a fearful collision occurred on the Baltimore
and Ohio Railroad, near Harper's Ferry, on Sunday,
between the passenger train and a burden train coming
down. The locomotives and cars were mashed to a
terrible extent. There ought by this time to bo some
mode adopted whereby these collisions can be avoided.
There can be no excuse for them. Fortunately
,in this
case, no lives were lost.
George Lew, Esq., one of our oldest and most esteemed
citizens, died yesterday. The old men are dropping off
rapidly.

There is still no sign of cholera, or anything resem-
bling it. The Silas Richards is still detained at qua-
rantine, though all on board are perfectly healthy. The
rumours of cases of cholera on board and in the city are
all fabulous.

Mr. John Hardy, a young butcher, engaged in killing
yesterday, was gored to death by a bullock that acci-
dentally broke loose whilst being drawn to the ring.
RICHMOND, DEC. 19.—New Orleans papers of the 11th
inst. announce the death of James Landis, an eminent
and influential merchant of that city. There is no other
news of importance.

CINCINNATI, DEC. 19.—We learn by arrivals here
that the rivers above St. Louis were closed on the 14th
inst., and navigation suspended. Most of the boats en-
gaged in the Upper Mississippi trade, above the rapids,
had been withdrawn or laid up.
PITTSBURG, DEC. 19.—There is 7 feet 6 inches of
water in the channel, and the river is in good boating
order.

News from Venezuela, November 20, announces the
surrender of Maracaibo to General Paez, and the adhe-
sion of Truxillo and Mende to his side. He has gained
several advantages over Monagas. The news is not fully
credited, but seems probably true.
The Ohio Legislature is still unorganized; there is
danger that it will break up in confusion. No fears of
revolution are entertained. Assurances have been re-
ceived that interest on the state debt will be punctually
paid in any event. The next dividend is due in January,
and has been provided for. _ _ _

From the Pacific intelligence has been received of a
horrid massacre by the Indians at the Ice Islands, but no
details are known. Two English ships of war had gone
to inquire into it.

acorn the New York Weekly Herald of Dec. 20.)
GENERAL TAYLOR AND HIS CABINET.--We are almost
inundated from all quarters with articles, suggestions,
communications, and letters, relative to the materials of
the new Cabinet to be selected by the President elect.
We have already given a number of names of those who
were most prominent in contributing their aid to the
great victory lately achieved by the people. Bat we do
not think it necessary or useful to recommend particular
individuals for particular departments in the present
crisis of public affairs.
In our opinion, the Cabinet under General Taylor
will not be such a political conclave as the politicians
generally suppose. General Taylor will be found a very
different man from General Harrison—a very different
man from Captain Tyler—a different man from any who
have preceded him in the Presidency since the days of
General Jackson.

We believe that the President elect will choose his
Cabinet from the best names and the most efficient
statesmen he can get; but if any individual of his Cabi-
net, or even the whole of it, should attempt to rule the
roast, or to upset the general principles he may lay
down for the guidance of his Government, he will at
once get rid of them, as easily as General Jackson did,
and will appoint a now Cabinet, if necessary, every six
months.
Theb
ythe The
m Constitution,
e responsibility
obiesrtsi
tou fti ot the
e,
rocefsatt
sbhien
uponetthe
ar are Cabinet,
oas wisely regulated
n l
President'sy the
heads of the
shoulders.
several
merelydepartm foentsr
theove discharge
theyrwhichof
are placed, and re-
sponsible the
duties attached
to their respective offices. Should it happen that any of
the subordinates of General Taylor do not concur in his
general views and measures of government, we have not
the slightest doubt but he will remove them with the
same ease and promptness as General Jackson did dur-
ing the eight years of his administration.
NEWS FROM LA PLA.TA.

Our dates from Buenos Ayres are to the Ist October,
up to which time we have files of the British Packet,
from which we learn that Mott Alston Pringle, Esq., has
been appointed consul for the Argentine Republic, to
reside at Charleston, S. C.
From Monte Video, to the 3d of October, we have ac-
counts. Affairs seem remarkably quiet, now-a-days, in
this part of the world. Since the English and French
Governments have given up their special missions to
Rosas as hopeless cases, we have heard but little of the
doings of this chief. The papers are devoid of news of
any kind, being pretty nearly all filled with details of
European affairs.
INDIANA U. S. SENATOR.—GOY. James Whitcomb,
Democrat, is elected to the United States Senate, to
take the place of Edward A. Hannegan.
The New Orleans Picayune contains an announce-
ment of the marriage of Major W. W. S. Bliss to Miss
Elizabeth Taylor, daughter of the President elect.
The Hon. Ambrose H. Sevier, it is understood, has
been nominated by the President as Commissioner on
the part of the United States to run the boundary lino
between this Republic and Mexico. The Senate will, no
doubt, confirm the nomination.

DESTRUCTION OF THE_PARK THEATRE BY

FIRE.

We have to chronicle the total destruction, by fire, of
the Park Theatre, New York. This took place on Satur-
day evening (December 16), about a quarter past six
o'clock, an hour before the time appointed for the per-
formances to take place. About that time smoke was
seen to issue from the rear part of the establishment
which butted on Theatre-alley, a small street running in
the rear of 'Park-row, from ockalawstreet, who sn.

S 131 Ng
_ JANUARY 4, 1849.

nouncement was made immediately that the Park
Theatre was on fire ; tied in a few mintres afterwards
the smoke poured from every window and skylight iu
the building. Soon a flame shot forth from the windows,
and in an inconceivably short period of time the whole
building was enveloped in fire. When this occurred
the scene was frightful. The dark heavy clouds which
were hurried across the firmament by a strong easterly
wind, reflected the illumination and lighted up the city
so fully that a person could read ordinary-sized type at
a distauce of half a mile from the scene of the confla-
gration. Crowds of persons, far and near, attracted by
the glare, hurried to the scene; the fire-bells pealed the
alarm, and the whole metropolis was in a state of com-
motion rarely equalled. The firemen were on the spot
with their accustomed and praiseworthy alacrity, and
in less time than we have taken to write this much of
the narrative, as many as for! y streams of water were
being directed on the burning edifice. But human effort
seemed to be of little avail in stopping the progress of
destruction, and in about half an hour the burning raf-
ters were visible. All hopes of saving the theatre were
then abandoned, and the firemen directed their attention
to prevent the adjoining houses in Ann-street, Beckman-
street, and Park-row, from being destroyed. Accordingly
they left the theatre to a fate which they felt themselves
powerless to avert, and threw water on the property
most in danger. Their efforts were crowned with suc-
cess. The flames communicated to Earle's Hotel, ad-
joining, the rear of which was partially destroyed. The
most of the bedding was safely removed, though the
other furniture was considerably broken, and the whole
building was flooded with water. The damage to the
furniture was fully insured. The injury to the house is
probably 2,000 dollars, which was insured. The fire also
communicated to Clarke's House, which sustained trifling
damage by fire, though the furniture was considerably
injured by water. They are both five story houses, which
was the cause of their taking fire so quickly. The Park
House, a five story building, was at one time thought in
imminent danger, though by the exertions of the fire-
men it sustained very trifling damage. The Fountain
House, adjoining the east end of the theatre, took fire,
but was extinguished without material damage. In one
hour and three-quarters from the time the fire was dis-
covered the flames were subdued, with a loss of property
to the amount probably of 60,000 dollars. It is twenty-
eight years since the Park Theatre was burned. There
were several reports about the origin of the fire; but it
is now ascertained, beyond a doubt, that it originated by
one of the young ladies belonging to the ballet, who, in
locking at some bills hanging near the prompter's box,
pushed several of them against one of the gas lights,
when they instantly took fire, which communicated to
the adjoining scenery. Instead of pulling down the
whole bundle when they first took fire, she ran from
them, and before another could reach the spot, the
scenery was in flames, and beyond the power of hu-
man aid.

COMMERCIAL NEWS.
NEW YORK, DEC. 19.
_ _

Cotton—The sales of The morning are 400 bales, at
steady prices; Upland, middling fair to fair, 6ic to 6ic;
New Orleans and Mobile fair to fair, 6ic to 7c.
Flour, &c.—Western canal flour is a shade firmer,
and no fair brands can be had under 5 dolls 314. Sales
of 2,000 bbls at 5 dolls 3lic to 5 dolls 37ic, for ordi-
nary to straight brands, Oswego, Rochester, and Mi-
chigan; and 5 dolls 621 c to 5 dolls 75c for pure Genes-
see. Southern Flour is quiet, at 5 dolls 25c to 5 dolls
50c. Sales, 200 bbls Georgetown at the former figure.
W heat dull, Genessee at 130 c, Western, 106 c. Corn
is in fair request, with sales of 10,000 bushels at 60c
for new flat yellow, and 63c to 64c for old mixed
Western. Rye and oats remain as before, with small
sales.

Ashes—Sales of boy bbls Canadian Pots, in bond,
were made at 6 dolls; and 50 to 75 bbls American pots
and pearls, at 6 dolls it* to 6 dolls 25c. The market
closed firm.

Bees'-wax—Farther sales of 1,5001 b yellow, at 21c,
cash.

Freights-20,000 bushels of corn were engaged ina
British vessel to Liverpool, at 6.1 d, and 3,500 bushels in
an American vessel at 6d, bagged by shippor ; 3,000
bushels were engaged for Glasgow, at lid. There was
a good inquiry for engagements of corn to Ireland, for
which 9d was offered, and 10d asked. Bacon was en-
gaged to Liverpool, at 30s ; 1,200 barrels of meal at 2s;
beef, in barrels, at 2s 6d; and bread, at 2s.
Fruit—The sales comprise 7,000 boxes bunch raisins,
on private terms; 800 ditto at 1 doll 40c to 1 doll
.50c ;
1,000 halves and quarters, at 750 to 42ic; 1,000 layers
on terms not transpired; 500 boxes new Messina lemons,
at 2 dolls 76c; 750 boxes oranges, at private bargain,
and 400 kegs and half kegs Malaga grapes, at 4 dolls
75c to 2 dolls 50c.

Indigo—We notice sales. of Madras, in lots, at 77ic,
and Caracas, at 80c.
Load was firm, at 4 dolls 25c.
Sugary—We notice sales of 300 boxes brown Ila-
vannah, at 4-4-c to 5; and 170 hhds Surinam, fur refining,
on privets terms. _ _ _

Provisions—Sales of park, in 400 to 500 bbl., includ-
ing mess, at 13 dolls to 13 dolls. 25c, and prime at 10
dolls to 10 dolls 25c. A small lot of prime new mess
was sold at 14 dolls. The market closed firm. Beef—
Sales, 75 tes mess were made at 18 dolls. A small sale
country mess, to arrive, was made at 10 dolls 15c. Lard
continued dull, and quotations nominal.
Tallow—Sales of 5,0001bs were made at Elie.
Rice—To day has been quiet, and no sales of moment
are reported. Quotations range from 3 dolls to 3 dolls
25c per 1001bs.

Sherry Wines—The sales of wines this morning,
though tairly attended, brought low prices, so much so
as to have the greater portion withdrawn. Annexed
are the: prices 6 mos :-3 casks superior pale sherry,
60c ; gold, 65c; 6, pale, 65c; 3, brown 80;; 3, pale,
127 c; pale Amontilla, per Desdemona, 85c; 3, brown
Sherry, 50c; gold, 523-c; 10 qr casks port, bb the Royal
Agricultural Wine Company, per Heroinda, 73c to 750;
5 octaves Madeira, Phelps' brand, now landing, 75c.

NEW YEAR'S GIFTS TO PRISONERS CONFINBD IN
WIIITEOROSS-STREET PRISON, AS ALSO TUE CITY
PRISONS, BY THE LORD MAYOR.—On New Year's day,
by the order and Lift of the Honourable the Lord Mayor,
Sir .Tames Duke, M.P., the prisoners confined f..r debt
in Whiteeross-street Prison, to the number of 200, re-
ceived: a !gratuity in thef substantial shape of, to each
prisoner, Lb. of beef, 11b. of potatoes, 11b. of bread, and
1 pint of porter, in addition to which there were several
other minor gifts from the civic companies and others,
which are annually distributed, at the discretion of the
Governor, among the poorer classes of prisoners. In
Newgate, the Compter, and other City prisons, a similar
allowance of beef, bread, and potatoes, was distributed to
each prisoner, the gift of the Lord Mayor, the distribu-
tion on Christmas-day being at the expense of the She-
riffs, Alderman Finnis and J. G. Goodhart, Esq. The
City prisons are the only criminal prisons in the metro-
polis where any departure from the ordinary allowance
is permitted either on Christmas or New Year's-day.
LIYABPOOL BANKRUPTCY COURT, MONDAY.—RS
J. PAGE REILLY.—This bankrupt again appeared befors
Commissioner Perry. The grounds of opposition to him
were—that the act of bankruptcy was his own; that he
had entered into injudicious speculations in building a
largo house at Litherland; that his expenditure was dis-
proportionate to his means; and that he had removed
his furniture in contemplation of bankruptcy. The
Commissioner said at first that he would suspend the
certificate for two years, but on Mr. Pemberton's appli-
cation, seconded by Mr. Yates, the solicitor for the cre-
ditors, he suspended the certificate fur twelve months,
and reserved to the Court the right of acting as might
be thought proper at tho end of that period. Protection
would be granted him for three months, and, at the end
of that time, if ho behaved himself properly, it would be
further extended.—Liverpool paper.

MISS BREMER'S NEW WORK " THR MIDNIGHT
Sus."—The Britannia, in its review of the Christmas
books of the present season, observes—",ln contrast to
the story of Mr. Dickens, we have a tale by Frodrika
Bremer, in which the trials, the characters, and the inci-
dents of domestic life are brought before us with exqui-
site truth and feeling. Of all her tali-s, 'The Midnight
Sun' is likely to be the most popular in this country. In
delineating the struggles of the heart, Miss Bremer is
unrivalled. She gives us human beings with all their
faults and all their defects ; and a great pirt of that fas-
cination which her pen exercises over us arises from the
interest we feel in that development of character, and
that gradual moulding of it into shapes of purer good as
it is tried by suffering, and purified and elevated by love.
Certainly, the most eloquent of all Miss Bremer's tales,
a more appropriate book for the season, as helping to
nourish kind thoughts, could not bo issued."—Britannia.

ROYAL ARSENAL, WOOLWICH', JAN. 3.—The
lengthened trial of the 8-inch gun of 65 cwt. from the
Low Moor Foundry in Yorkshire, by firing two hollow
shot at one time, on Captain Chads principle, is now
concluded. Atter firing 10 rounds, with charges of 231 b.
of powder each round, and two hollow 56-pounder shot
each time, the gun appeared perfectly sound on being
examined. The result of the experiments being so
successful, the authorities decided on having the gun
tried with solid shot, commencing with a charge of 201 b.
of powder each round. The gun stood the first and
second rounds with 201 b. of powder and two solid shot
of 651 b. each in a most remarkable manner, but on the
third round being fired with a similar charge, it burst,
and did not leave as much of the carriage on the platform
as would have lighted a moderate-sized fire, the frag-
ments both of the gun and the timbers being dispersed
in all directions. Several large splinters struck. the new
two-gun battery erecting by Mr. Kerrige with his com-
position, but they did not appear to have injured it.
The result of the experiments with the 8-inch gun are of
a most satisfactory nature, and will give great confi-
dence to gunners, as affording proof of the extent to
which these guns can be used with safety, and that they
aro perfectly safe for the introduction of Captain Chads'
principle with hollow shot.
lIOLIDAT "VISITORS TO THE BRITISH 111LTSKITIV
DURING THE CHRISTMAS WEEK.—From the official re-
turns of the attendants at the visitors' entrance, it appears
that during the four days the Museum was open
in
Christmas week, the number of persons who visited the
institution amounted to 37,2F0, of which, on Tuesday,
the numbers were 12,875; Wednesday, 14,435; Thurs.
day, 2,231; and Friday, 779; in all, 37,260, which, con-
sidering the shortness of the days and the inclemency of
the weather, is a much larger number than usual,

[PRLCE SD.

SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS.

PROM THB MORNING PAPERS OP THIS DAT.
TIMES.—The difficulty which we recently pointed
out as inherent in the relations between the President of
the French Republic and his Ministers had already occa-
sioeed a modification of the new Cabinet within a few
days of its formation. It is clear that the difference
which arose between Louis Napoleon and his late Mi-
nister of the Interior, M. Lem de Mal'ovine, sprang
from the undetermined nature and linrte of their re-
spective duties and powers. The President resented the
notion, that he was to surrender the whole direction and
patronage of the great Ministerial departments to the
S cretary of State, and showed symptoms of a natural
jealousy in the selection of the subordinate officers of the '
Government The Minister, on the other hand, chose to
assume, as we had anticipated, an amount of authority at
least equal to that of the Ministers of the Crown under
the late dynasty. These eonflicting pretensions were fol-
lowed by a rupture. The loss of M. Leon de Malleville's
services is considerable to a Government which has not
many men in it as ready and efficient as he was likely
to prove. But this incident has raised a question of far
greater consequence than the resignation of any indivi-
dual Minister. It shows that Louis Napoleon does not
intend to content himself with a titular dignity or the
nominal direction of a Government to be carried on by
others in his name; and that if men are ambitious to
serve the state they must also serve him, and lay their
account fOr a due submission to one who, whatever may
be his political abilities, rests his authority on tradi-
ditional claims, which have received in his person the
recent sanction of five million votes of French citizens.
We know not what the effects of this personal policy
may be upon the destinies of France and of Europe,
but it may immediately be foreseen that the posi-
tion thus assumed by the President will prove
a heavy blow and great discouragement to
numberless ambitions, and especially to those of
the highest order ; that it will alienate from this
Government men too proud or too eminent to serve the
mere creature of a popular caprice; and that it will ere
long lay the foundation of an Opposition as active and
as unscrupulous as that which at last allied itself to the
mob in order to overthrow his predecessor. It is, there-
fore, to be apprehended that his Cabinet will continue,
as it has begun, to lack the services of the first and most
experienced statesmen of France, and that they will be-
come the critics and the assailants of a system of Go-
vernment to which they are not disposed to yield a
ready obedience. In proportion to the power exercised
by the President is the responsibility he assumes; and
in the present state of the affairs of France, when any
Goverment must fall short of the extravagant expecta-
tions raised in many quarters by his election, he thus
places himself in a situation in which that amount of
success which commands the gratitude and veneration of
a nation is all but impossible, whilst the whole burden
and disgrace of failure and disappointment will rest
upon his own person. The course he appears to have
chosen is the boldest, and according to the theory of
Republican Government, as we understand it, the most
constitutional, but it is by far the most dangerous, and
it creates difficulties which it would, perhaps, have been
more prudent to have avoided.: A struggle between
the head of a Government and his Council of
Ministers is a formidable addition to the struggles which
must occur between the Government and a popular As-
sembly, and to the struggles which have occurred, and
may occur again, between the Government, backed
by the Assembly, and a popular insurrection. The secret
of all political strength is union between the principal
elements of political power. Where the powers of a
state are divided by incessant contests and indefinite
pretensions, they serve rather to chock and thwart
each other than to promote the publio good and
to resist their common enemies. They are, to
use a common, but significant expression, pull-
ing different ways ; and in any country—but
especially in a country like France, already torn by
frightful collisions and emancipated from the reverence
for authority—it is only by an intimate, faithful, and
practical union between the head of the Government, the
Ministry, and the Representatives of the people, that
public order can be maintained, the law administered, and
the great duties of the State performed. Of such an
union we see in France no signs. In the highest stage
of the new structure of the Republic the rupture and
difference of opinion:which has already caused the resig-
nation of two Ministers is pregnant with important con-
sequences for the future. The same causes which in-
duced M. Ilon de Malleville to resign office will deter
statesmen, to whom he has been accustomed to play a
secondary part, from accepting it.
~They will seek
to regain the ground they may have lost in
the closet of the President by
.Parliamentary warfare,
in which he can take no direct part, and the real pos-
session of power will still be coatended for with all
the art and all the ardour which are displayed in
public assemblies; and the power of a President, chosen
by universal suffrage, will be controlled and crossed by
the influence which private talents or ambition may ac-
quire in a body emanating from the same popider
source. The present Assembly is no longer a fair reire-
seutation of the people of France, or ra fair element in
that Government which has been completed by the elec-
tion oral candidate whom the majority of that Assembly
disliked and despised. All parties, except a few of those
members who will drop from the rank of legislators to
the nothingness from which they sprang, and lose at 0: ce
their tricolour sash and their daily income—al parties
are impatient that the Constituent Assembly should gibe
way to the body which ought to succeed it, in obedience
to the provisions of its own constitutional enactments.
It is therefore hardly worth while seriously to discuss
the spirit in which this present Assembly has re-
cently been acting. If it is to cease from its labours
with dignity, and to leave the country not unmind-
ful of the services it has rendered, the sooner it dissolves
itself the better. The vote which cut away two-thirds
of the salt duty, or nearly two millions sterling from
the revenue of France, was, under all the circumstances,
as mischievous and factious a vote as could be passed.
Undoubtedly the removal of a duty as oppressive to the
poor man as that upon salt, would bo a most laudable
measure for a Government, and it would deserve to
figure in any enlightened system of fiscal reform; but
for a legislative body simply to cut off an important
branch of the revenue, without an attempt to provide
for the consequent deficiency, and this ut a moment
when the whole financial resources of the state are no-
toriously inadequate to meet the current and extraordi-
nary expenses of the year, is simply an act of absurdity,
which, if repeated or persisted in, would render the
management of the public finances impossible. An
Assembly capable of such acts ought to be held respon-
sible for the consequences, but in the French Assembly
no such responsibility can be a'sessed on the authors and
supporters of the proposal, and the Government suffers
the whole weight of the evil it sought in vain to avert.
ADVERTISER.—We very much admire the arrange-
ment, by virtue of which the Cobden Budget and the
Peace Congress principles will appear in company with
each other in the Rouse of Commons, as friends and
brothers, prepared to stand up together and share alike
in the treatment which they will receive at the hands of
our legislators. Mr. Cobden will, at the instance of the
Peace Congress, propound a great and mighty principle,
viz., " That, the settlement of international disputes by
arbitration, rather than by appeals to the sword, is
highly desirable;" and as the representative of the dis-
satisfied tax-paying population, he will be prepared with
a practical measure of reform, one portion of which in-
cludes a diminution of our military and naval expendi-
ture. These two portions of the labour to which Mr.
Cobden is now pledged, will greatly aid each other. A
principle is the right basis of a good and sensible prac-
tical measure, which, in its turn, serves to illustrate and
prove the value of the principle to which it stands
related. With these .views of the matter, we think it
augurs well for the success of Mr. Cobden, that such
active efforts are now being made for the purpose of ex-
pounding the arbitration principle throughout the coun-
try, and that everywhere the principle is so readily ad-
mitted and cordially adopted. Gentlemen well fitted to
expound this principle have for some time been, and are
still, traversing the length and breadth of the country;
and wherever they go they gather crowded and most re-
spectable meetings, which they never fail to convince
of the folly and the ruinous expense of the appeal to
brute force for the settlement of international disputes.
We are glad to observe that these meetings are always
turned to a good practical account. Large deputations
are delegated to wait on the Members for the place in
which the meetings are held, to express to them the con-
victions at which they have arrived, and to request those
Members to give their support to Mr. Cobden's motion.
This looks like doing business, and indicates the opera-
tion of the same good sort of management that gave suc-
cess to the movements of the Anti-Corn-law Leggy!:
Among the most recent indications favourable
to the proposed diminution of our military. and
forces, we may notice the fact, that the men
ti_neythwo
iuGeber-
man navy have just received notice, that h
we add the
paid off immediately; the reason assignedr for the step
aced
that
being the state of the Exchequer. To this
announcement in the National Assemblye.ueedo
the standing army must soon be
ar d inquire
half. A Committee having bee_M.l3Bineau, in bringing up
impracticableto
f !11l one-
into the state of the finances,at
said—
the report, after observing tb
t. c' it
_Pe_Pe_enri:ltsse4cis),,,
to reduce the effective forscseibibefinYleB.4.B,
will,
we
hope,
" but that which was
stinar I hasten to add, that this re-
be possible in 149;
necessary, as it involves the sal-
duction is imperatively
vation or ruin of our finances.„ It is
.a good thing for
humanity when state financiers obliged to tell rulers
aro
and Parliament that war is too expensive, and that " the
play must
result will show,
must give way
to"
wanton horrorsoefepriets,
and,bloo as th
bloody
somethingeh
much better. Every case in which a nation either re-
duces or altogether lays aside its military force, must
exert a moat beneficial influence on the military prepa-
rations of some other nation, and it may be nations.
There can be no doubt that it would soon he found an
immense relief to every country, to be able to say the
necessity for arms has ceased; our enemies have laid
aside theirs, and we can do without ours. The occasion
would be received everywhere with avidity, and the re-
sult would be in no country much more needed and wel-
come than in our own. For, as it has been most truly
said by a most effective organ of these principles, " the
enormous taxation which war entails is absolutely
crushing down the industrial energies and resources of
the people, hindering the development of commerce, and
exhausting the earnings of labour, and not unfrequentlY
enclavering government itself, by making it the illotr47