The Sun.
London, England, 1849-03-27 00:00:00

Xll` 1,0 Mtn tit IL

LONDON, TUESDAY, MARCH 27, 1849.

Another opportunity is afforded the Plenipoten-
tiaries of England, Prussia, and Denmark for the
negotiation of peace in reference to the Scandinavian
Duchy of Schleswig. A brief, but still important,
extension of the armistice to the 15th of April
still opens to our view the perspective of an ultimate
and satisfactory settlement, supposing at least that
the rather dubious rumour of that extension should
be corroborated.
Since the commencement of the war between the
Cabinets of Berlin and Copenhagen, several extraor-
dinary events have occurred such as cannpt fail to
exercise a peculiar influence over the councils of both
Governments, and such as must inevitably
conduce to the modification Of their relative
claims. Although among the more bellicose factions
of Germany, and in those principalities of the Con-
federation which are most remarkable for the pugna-
city of their inhabitants, the aggressive act of Prussia
in marching her army across the boundaries of
southern Jutland, for the purpose of dispossessing
the Danish Monarch of a valuable portion of his
dominions, may have appeared worthy of enthusiastic
laudation—every German alive to the holiest princi-
ples of honour, to the sacred rights of nationalities,
to the inalienable privileges of popular sovereignty,
and to the simplest rules of international
justice, must have witnessed with indignation
that lawless incursion upon the territories of
Denmark, which betrayed the ambition that

was silently augmenting its vigour under the empi-
rical purple of the dynasty of Brandenburg. Every
honest heart must simultaneously have sympathized
with the Monarch, who, on the very morrow of that
memorable day upon which he proved himself
worthy of directing the destinies of a great race, by
voluntarily showering upon them the practical bless-
' ings of a free constitution and a liberal government,
found himself compelled to arm in haste in the an-
cient halls of his fathers, to cross with his soldiers the
billows rolling between the northern seas and the
Baltic, and to fight for the honour of his crown and
the integrity of his dominions against a powerful and
colossal antagonist. As we have already observed,
however, matters have changed with marvellous
rapidity since the first outbreak of those hostilities.
Denmark has lost the opportunity of obtaining any
immediate assistance from her gigantic neighbour the
AUTOCRAT. Recent occurrences in Hungary
have drawn a considerable section of the
Russian forces into Transylvania ; and lat-
terly a still larger division of the military
power of the Czan has been concentrated
upon the frontiers of Bessarabia to the end that by
occupying the Danubian principalities, by marching
through Moldavia and Wallachia upon Roumelia, by
aiding the intrigues of Thor? upon the Bosphorus,
and by strengthening the ferocity of DUIIAMEL in
Bucharest, the Cossacks might forward the designs of
their Imperial master upon the Turkish capital of
Constantinople. While FREDERICK WILHELm was vio-
lating the peace of Frederickstadt in one quarter, Nl-
cuonas was setting at defiance the treaty ofAdrianoplo
in another. Between her avaricious friend and her
avaricious enemy, Denmark found herself abandoned
to her own resources and flung heedlessly upon her
own destinies. Meanwhile the position of Prussia
was altered in regard to the difficulties of the ques-
tion relating to Schleswig-Holstein, and it was altered
scarcely less surprisingly for Prussia than it had been
already for Denmark. New reasons had suddenly
sprung into existence for the propitiation of public
feeling throughout Germany by the royal occupant of
the palace of Sans-Souci at Potsdam. It became
necessary for the King of PRUSSIA to flatter
the predilections of the lovers of tranquillity through-
out the forty states of fatherland, and to obliterate, if
possible, the recollection of his very pitiable conces-
sions to the clamours of a warlike faction, end to the
dictates of his own appetite for spoliation. The bribe to
peace which began to glitter before the eyes of the
descendant of FREDERICK was nothing less than the
diadem to be placed upon the brows of the Emperor
of Germany. A temptation more seductive than
the soil of Schleswig shone before him, and caused
him almost to repent his previous precipitation.
Such, in brief, are the contrary obstacles
which have suddenly arisen between the
belligerents in Southern Jutland. Prussia is
disposed to modify her insolent demands upon Den-
mark from a solicitude not to render herself odious
in the estimation of the Central Diet at Frankfort.
Denmark, on the other hand, is inclined to mitigate
the extent and bitterness of compensation required by
her from Prussia, because she feels herself in a measure
forsaken by her enormous ally from the superior
attraction of the great city commanding the channel
of the Dardanelles.

From all these considerations it must he sufficiently
manifest that there are twofold inducements—induce-
ments leaning severally towards Berlin and Copen-
hagen—which must facilitate to a certain extent the
arrangements for a reconciliation.

Meanwhile, of course, both powers are accumulat-
ing, by every possible means, the forces at their dis-
posal ; for the armistice, although unexpectedly pro-
tracted, according to the rather questionable report
already noticed, terminates, at the very latest,
on the 15:h of April. And the countless
experiences of history are scarcely needed to
remind the Sovereigns of Prussia and of Danmark
that negotiations for peace are under the most favour-
able circumstances liable to abrupt accidents and as-
tounding catastrophes. The commonest feelings of
prudence are consequently impelling both Monarchs
to increase their military and naval armaments. Es-
pecially are those precautions justified in the present
instance, considering the somewhat complicated
character of the rival claims advanced by the royal
antagonists. Beyond which the sentiments of
honour in the two nations—the false honour of
Prussia and the true honour of Denmark—are
simultaneously inciting them along that bloody track
of contention which their reason and their interest
are nevertheless impelling them to abandon.

Those who have not observed the duration of the
quarrel still pending between the Ministers at Berlin
and at Copenhagen, will be doubtless astonished on
learning the extent of the time during which
they have been at open variance. By a singular
coincidence the very day upon which the extended
armistice (if true) will have been brought to a con-
clusion—namely, the 15th of April—the anniversary
will have arrived of the day upon which the Chevalier
BUNSEN presented the postscript of his ingenious and
sophistical "Memoir" upon the subject of Schleswig-
Holstein to her MAJESTY'S Principal Secretary for
the Foreign Department. It is earnestly to be hoped
for the sake of Germany and of Denmark, and for
the sake also of the peace of Christendom, that that
anniversary will not be permitted to arrive before the
settlement of these protracted negotiations.

There are three classes of intending emigrants, for
whose assistance and protection in their " battle with
the wilderness" due provision should be made before
their embarkation on the " wide world of waters."
First, those who are possessed of means sufficient to
defray the entire expenses of the journey and of their
location in their future homes ; secondly, those who
although they may be enabled to contribute some-
thing towards these expenses, and to defray perhaps
the cost of their passage, must receive some pecuni-
ary assistance before they will be in a position to
maintain themselves and families by their own
honest industry; and, thirdly, the paupers, who
could do nothing for themselves, but should be entirely
supported until they reached their destinations, and
could make their labour fully available. Of course
we exclude from our consideration (at least on the
present occasion) the convicts, or involuntary emi-
grants, who for their offences against society have
forfeited a certain portion of their natural freedom,
and who must, for a time at least, be continued in a
state of coercion in penal settlements selected for the
purpose.

Very different provisions must be made for these
various classes. The first have the world before them
where to go. There are no limits to their freedom
of choice ; they may select their own destination,
and the chief object will naturally be to direct their
footsteps to the quarter holding out the greatest in-
ducements for enterprise, and affording the most pro-
pitious auguries for future prosperity. Such persons
will have to consider the amount of capital at their
disposal, the particular species of labour for which
they are best qualified, the privations they may
have to encounter in the first instance, the salubrity
or insalubrity of the several districts which they may
be disposed to select; the religion, civil institutions, go-
vernment and taxation of the different states, so that
all their resources may be turned to the best advan-
tage, and they may look forward to a home suited to
their wants and wishes, where they may have every
reasonable prospect of enjoying comfort and prosperity
during their future
mny le
career.a eThmeendets must
cisionweilnitebreionntoe
of some difficulty.
the calculation before the balance of probable advan-
tage or disadvantage can be fairly adjusted,
anddju irrevocablested,andthey
can be duly qualified to form a final'
judgment—a judgment of such deep and vital import-
ance to their future welfare and happiness.

It is to persons of this first class that pri-
vate associations affording the fullest and most
authentic information, and arranging plans for
mutual co-operation, will be peculiarly ad-
vantageous. By availing themselves thereof every
item of expenditure may not only be lessened in
amount, but, what is perhaps of still greater import-
ance, it may be estimated with the greatest accuracy,
so that every calculation may be made with absolute
certainty before their departure from their native land.
They will also be guarded against the frauds to which
individuals or families are peculiarly exposed on their
first arrival in the new world. The deceitful misre-
presentations too often made by designing swindlers,
and by
which so many have been stripped of their all,
and consigned to poverty and distress, cannot injure
those who are thus protected, nor are they liable,
when too late, to find that they have parted with their
entire property for the purchase of lauds to which

they can obtain no valid titles. These are, indeed,
advantages of no ordinary character, of which every
prudent man will gladly avail himself, and thus avert
the risks and contingencies to which he would other-
wise be peculiarly liable.
The United States and Canadian Emigration
Society, to whose admirable project we have already
(on Thursday, the 15th March inst.) directed the
public attention, will supply this great desideratum.
They have entered into the details of their plan, by
which the expense of removing an entire family,
with any number of adult or infant children,
and placing them in the actual possession of
a farm, with every requisite necessary for
the due cultivation and enjoyment thereof,
may be immediately ascertained. The association
have acquired an estate consisting of 153,400 acres of
land in Hopkins County, Eastern Texas, three-fourths
of which, in conformity with their original under-
taking, they intend to dispose of at cost price,
adding thereto a small commission proportioned to
the number of acres in each farm or location, founded
on the cost and expenses attending the transport to
the spot. This estate is to be divided into 1;910 lots,
of 80 acres, each of which will provide com-
fortably for a family of emigrants. Each al-
lotment is intended to consist of " about two
thirds prairie or lightly-timbered park-like posture
land, not requiring to be cleared for immediate culti-
vation, and one-third of contiguously situated Cm-
bend land ;" and the purchaser of one lot n ill also
be entitled to a town lot of a quarter of an acre in
extent; and the allotments are so arranged as to be
as nearly as possible of equal value. The first
two hundred familiis will be given a priority of
choice, which cannot be extended to subsequent emi-
grants, who will have their positions assigned by lot
previously to their departure. Applications to
join the first two hundred families will be entered
according to the date of the receipt, and such
applicants will receive immediate notice of being in-
cluded in the list, for which vessels will be ready
to sail from Cork and Liverpool in the course of
the ensuing month.

For the full advantages to be obtained by
parties availing themselves of the opportunities
placed within their reach by the association, we
must refer to the advertisement which will be found
in another part of our impression. For a payment
proportioned to the size of the family there will be
given, in addition to the allotment of which the as-
sociation binds itself to put him in possession imme-
diately on his arrival, and which are included in the
purchase money of the lot—
" First--•A free passage from the port of embarkation
to the place of settlement, with rations during the water
passage and land journey, from Now Orleans to the town
of Tarrant.

" Secondly—Six months' provisions from the time of
his arrival there.

" Thirdly—Two bullocks, one cow and calf, and two
_ _

Fourthly—lmplements of husbandry and seeds, viz.:
a plough and gears, a log chain and ox-yoke, a set of
harrow•teeth, tenths. n•^ils, a hammer, an ace, a spade, a
hoe, a grubbing hoe, a raw, two augurs, two chisels, a
jackplsne, a scythe, a rake, and a pitchfork, with seeds
for the first year's planting.
" Fifthly—A bg.house, 18 feet square by 10 feet in
height, in the erection of which the emigrant will have
to assist."

The above•mentioned articles, together with a
farm of eighty acres, and a town lot of a quarter of
an acre, will enable any industrious family to raise
en abundant supply of all the necessaries of life. A
man and his wife, without family, may secure these
advantages for the sum of 731. is. 9d., and any addi-
tional allotments of land at the cost of ss. per acre.
All persons may, therefore, suit themselves in pro-
portion to the means at their command, and if they
desire can obtain cabin or intermediate pas-
sages on the payment of a moderate sum
in addition. The peculiar advantages of the
locality chosen in Texas may be learned from
the perusal of " Advice to Emigrants," appended to
the society's prospectus, which enters into the
various points with great clearness and ability. We
cannot doubt that many who have decided on seeking
their fortunes in another hemisphere will fix on
Texas, where the climate is mild and salubrious, the
lands fertile and productive, and the taxation ex-
tremely light (not being more than a shilling per
annum on a hundred acres), and that they will do so
through the agency and on the estate of the
association.

THE FRENCH REPUBLIC

IVe have received the Paris papers of yesterday.
The day (the 26th) which had been announced by
the Constitutionnel more than a week since as the
day fixed on for a manifestation passed off without
the least attempt at any disturbance, notwithstanding
the efforts of the agens provocateurs to get up some
movement, as an excuse for enabling the Government
to call in the aid of General CHANGALNIER, and
destroy the Republic. The people now are
become wise, and instead of giving General
CHANGARNIER, an opportunity of restoring the
public peace, they obstinately refuse to break it,
and by so doing, bind over the General and the
Ministers (much to their disappointment) to keep the
public peace also.
The _Reforme of yesterday offers the following ex-
cellent advice to the people :
" Impatience is urging on the Monarchist parties;
they are frightened by the calmness of the people. For
the last eight days the journals of the re-action an-
nounce a manifestation for Monday, the 26th (this day).
This manifestation prepared, underhand, has for its ob-
ject to compromise the Republic.
" In the name of the Republic the Democratic-So-
cialist journals invite citizens to remain calm, and to be
on their guard against every sort of provocation. Let
not any well-feeling man allow himself to be led away.
The safety of the Republic depends upon it."
Marshal BUGEAUD, having been informed of the
intention of the inhabitants of Valence to give him a
banquet, he has addressed to them a letter in which
is the following passage :
" I am most highly flattered by the sentiments which
this project indicates, and I should be very happy to lend
myself to it, had I not such decided convictions as to
what concerns public political banquets. I consider them
in principle as great dangers, as an arm made use of by
turbulent minorities to overawe calm majorities. i con-
stantly disapprove of those which the Red Republicans
and Socialists get up with an anarchical object; and, far
as I am from comparing your views with those of these
factious men, the act, it appears to me, would be the
same. The great party of order and moderation would
add its example in support of a deplorable abuse. This
should be avoided, in order that the marked reprobation
of good and well meaning men may supply the silence of
the law."
The report of the death of M. BUN DE BOURDON
from cholera is contradicted.

The Journal deb Dibuts, in commenting
,"on the
debate on Italy in the House of Lords, after remark-
ing that Lord ABERDEEN argued absolutely as if
nothing new had occurred in Europe during the year
184 S, and that it was the Minister who had to remind
him that during that year an accident had occurred
called the Revolution of Paris, pays the following
well-deserved compliment to the NESTOR of the Whigs,
the Marquis of LANSDOWNE :—" We do not dissemble
the dangers with which this renewal of hostilities
menaces the peace of Europe, but we join in the hope
so nobly expressed by Lord LANSDOWNE, that the good
intelligence existing between the two great powers of
the west, may perhaps be able to spare the evils of
the general war. We may add that these senti-
ments, expressed by Lord LANSDOWNE, have in our
opinion a particular value, because they are not
merely inspired by the occasion, but that they are
also in conformity with the political principles which
have never varied. Lord LANSDOWNE is one of the
most venerable representatives of that great liberal
and philosophical school which saluted in England
the first triumphs of the French Revolution. He is
at present the purest, and almost the only heir of
these old Whigs of the race of Fox, who were the
friends of France when all Europe was leagued
against her, and we have been glad to find in his
language the sentiments of his great illustrious pre-
decessors."

The Three per Cents. closed on the Paris Bourne
yesterday at 53f. 85c.; the Five per Cents. at 84f. 50c. ;
Orleans Railroad Shares, 850 f.; Rouen, 527 f. 50c. ;
Havre, 280 r.; Great Northern, 450 f.; Avignon, 222 r. ;
Vierz,m, 350 f.; Basle, 107 f. 50c.; Bordeaux, 412 f. 50c.;
Paris and Strasburg, 367 f. 50e.; Tours and Nantes,
333 f. 750.

BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK-EXCHANGE, DlARcii 2G,

Boulogne and Amiens, B%—Orleans and Borderaux, 314
._Namur and Liege, 81,11—Northern of Fran,.:e, 10
Paris and Rouen, 20—Rouen and Havre, 10%—Tours and
Nantes, 2%.