The Sun.
London, England, 1849-06-01 00:00:00

WISHAW AND COLTNESS.

On Tuesday a special meeting of the shareholders in
this company was held in the Black Bull Hall, Virginia-
street, Glasgow; Mr. A. Glasgow, of Auchenraitb, in the
chair. The advertisement calling the meeting having
been read,

The CHAIRMAN said they had met for the purpose of
considering and determining in regard to a Bill now
pendingbi Parliament, entitled " A Bill to effect the Sale
of the Wishaw and Coltness Railway to the Caledonian
Railway Company." As it was the third time that
similar Bills had been submitted to them, he did not
think it necessary to do more thrn simply to move that
it be approved. By this Bill the Wishaw Company were
guaranteed from the Caledonian Company 10i per cent.,
which was equal to 525. 6d. for every 251. share, payable
half-yearly. The arrangement would be, he conceived,
a most favourable one for both parties.
The Bill was then unanimously approved.
After the appointment of directors the meeting se-
parated.

THE ELEPHANT AND THE RHI-
NOCEROS ONCE NATIVES OF ENGLAND.
At the Ipswich Museum, last week, Mr. Stanway
read a paper on the mammalia fossils found in the
counties of Essex and Suffolk. In the course of his
lecture he exhibited some of the specimens,
one of which, the atlas bone of the mas.
todon, found on the West Rocks off Har-
wich, he designated as the gem of the museum, ob-
serving that it was a rare fossil which few mu-
seums possessed. At Ballingdon, the bones of the
elephant were found associated with those of the stag,
ox, and other animals. In the Stour Valley cutting
at Lamarsh, in the slimmer of 1848, were found the
-
NEWSPAPERS AND THE TELEGRAPH IN AMERICA. teeth and fragments of the mammoth, and a multi-
-At the last meeting of the directors of the New tude of mammalian remains had been met with at
York, Buffalo, and Albany Telegraph Company, it was Thorp-le-Soken, the teeth being of all sizes, like those
decided to reduce the rates for newspaper communica- found in the Ipswich cutting, from those of extreme
lions and dispatches to eight dollars per week, or one- youth to those of mature age. Walton, in Essex, had
third lees than the previous rate; and at the same meet- been
ing a dividend for the last six 'snentbq was declared of notorious for its fossils ever since the time of
six per cent. on the profits ef the company. Queen Elizabeth; according to a note, page 255,
THE WORKS AT THE BRIGHTON TERMINUS. Few of Professor Owen's work on British Fossil Mam-
persons are aware of the extent of the works being car- malia, it appeared that in the reign of that Queen,
tied on at the Brighton terminus. There are at this pre. a skull, supposed to be the skull of a man, was
sent time upwards of 730 men employed in the loconeo- found at Walton, large enough to contain five
Live and carriage departments alone, and a visit to pecks, and a tooth, also said to belong to a man, as
/14:1%- th,er workshops is exceedingly interesting. The large as a fist, and weighing five ounces. On the coast
(..----. 'AcirniAakty.: do all their repairs at Brighton, but of Walton the falling of a cliff had exposed another
7,:,.....::i
~,:-,_ a -.... 'Nip to the present period, made any assemblage of bones and teeth belonging to the
,!--z'::: „Ve ngi s for their own use, although they have elephant, rhinoceros, and other large animals. From
, ...:,_ ;
~..,...ry faeilit . for
..d.ot;ng so ; but they are_ so well stocked, that deposit alone 20 teeth of the mammoth were
i s--,. - :c.itush_krst- engines, having 60 more than they have ,\-"t2.-",- I -a,,iry-nrine that they do not require to make any new
"(‘'..-:=1- 'a-liesat Rte slit. The men are employed chiefly in
the teeth found' at Clacton, in Essex, was one that
rivairs; An malting crossings and points. They are collected two j ears, a ong with portions of the
in • I
jaw, humerus, scapula, vertebrae and tusks. Among
It n It is true, a small tank engine, to run 9/4 weighed between 14 and 15 pounds, and measured 12 •
)
.4

inches longitudinally. In 1840, a dozen grinders of
the mammoth were found in gravel at Sible Heding-
ham ; most of them were full-sized, but they were
in a state of decomposition. With care and proper
treatment further decay had been arrested.
At Copford horns of the deer and bones of the
elephant had been found from time to time by work-
men in a brick field. Fossil bones of the elephant had
been discovered in twenty different places in Essex
and Suffolk. All these, he remarked, were accidental
discoveries, and if so many had been found by acci-
dent, they had good reason for thinking that vast num-
bers might be obtained if proper search were made
for them. If they extended their researches to the
county of Norfolk, these remains of a former age
would be met with in still greater abundance. In
the tertiary beds of Essex they found not only the
bones of elephants, but of the carnivora, now inha-
biting the hot regions of the earth ; among them were
the bones of the hyena, wolf, tiger, associated with
the remains of the hippopotamus, rhinoceros, deer,
and ox.

IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT.
HOUSE OF COMMONS, May 31.
The SPEAKER took the Chair shortly before Four
o'cicelt.

Mr. Nicuou. took the oaths and his seat for Cardiff.
TURN PIKE ACTS.
Lord DUDLEY STUART moved that the petition
of owners and occupiers of houses in the New Finchley
road and Avenue-road, for the introduction of clauses
into any general Bill which might be introduced for the
continuance of Turnpike Acts, prohibiting the trustees
of the Marylebone and Finchley turnpike-roads from
erecting, or permitting to remain, any toll-gate or bar
on any part of the Finchleproad and Avenue-road, on
the south side of or nearer to London than the Swiss
Cottage, presented to the House on the 12th of May, 1848;
and the petitions for continuance of the Marylebone and
Finchley Road Acts, from the trustees of Marylebone
and Finchley turnpike-roads and the bonded credi-
tors of the Marylebone and Finchley turnpike trust,
presented to the House on the 31 of August, 1848, be
referred to the Committee on Group 19 of Private Bills.
Mr. GREENE objected to the motion on technical
grounds, and it was withdrawn.
REPORTS.
The following reports were considered and agreed to:—
East Lothian Central Railway (Abandonment of the
Railway and Dissolution of the Company).
Stockton and Darlington Railway (Consolidation of
Acts, &c., Alteration of Line, &c.) Bill.
THIRD READINGS.
The following Bills were read a third time and passed:
Abdy's Estate.
Esst Anglian Railways (Ely and Huntingdon Railway
Extension of Time).

PETITIONS.
Lord C. MANNERS presented a petition from Melton
Mowbray against the alienation of Church property.
Mr. M. GIBSON presented a petition from Melton
Mowbray in favour of the better control of county ex-
penditure.
Mr. CHRISTOPHER presented a petition from mer-
chants and others in the city of London against the
continuation of Smithfield market.
Mr. MARTIN presented petitions from Pontefract
and other places in the West Riding of Yorkshire, in
favour of means being taken to prevent trade in the
seduction and prostitution of women.
Mr. COCKBURN presented a petition from the Town
Council of Southampton against the payment of magis-
trates' clerks by fees.
Admiral GORDON presented a petition against the
Scotch Registration and Marriage Bills.
CANADA.
In reply to Mr. CHRISTOPHER, who alluded to the
publication of the Canadian papers in the Times news-
paper before they were in the hands of the Members,
Mr. HAWES stated that the papers were not
delivered to Members on account of the holi•
days. No favouritism was shown to any particular news.
paper. In this case applications had been made for early
copies by the newspapers, which had been acceded to as
soon as they were printed; and in many cases it was
most important that the Government should avail them-
selves of the great facility which the newspapers
afforded for making the public acquainted with impor-
tant public documents.—(Cheers.)
Mr. MOSTYN presented a petition from Denbigh-
shire praying that the County Courts might be extended.
Mr. COBDEN presented petitions in favour of the
liberation of Mr. Shore from several Dissenting congre-
gations, and in favour of the repeal of the Septennial Act.
ORKNEY AND SHETLAND GRIEVANCES.
Mr. ANDERSON gave notice that on Tuesday, the
12th of June, he would move for a Select Committee to
inquire into the allegations of certain petitions from the
landholders, traders, and other inhabitants of Orkney
and Shetland, complaining of various local grievances
operating as impediments to the due development of the
industrial resources of those islands.
LUNATIC ASYLUMS (SCOTLAND) BILL.
The Hoes. MEMBER also gave notice that in case the
Bill should pass the second reading, he would move in
Committee that the islands of Orkney and Shetland be
exempted from its operation.
SUPPLY.
On the motion for the consideration of the report of
the Committee of Supply,
Sir H. WILLOUGHBY rose to move, pursuant to
notice, a reduction of 50,0001. in the navy estimates,
with reference to wages and artificers. The vote of last
year was 851,000/, that was reduced to 811,000 Z in the
estimates of the present year, being a reduction of 40,0001,,
aed what ho now proposed was to reduce tint amount
by 50;0004 He held in hit hand the expenditure for
the last few years, but he could see no such sum as this
as ever having been demanded of the House of Commons
wider No. 8. Take the seven years from 1835 to 1842,
he found the average somewhere about 400,0001., while
in the seven years from 1842 to the present time the
average was 701,0001. Therefore that proved at once
tho vote now demanded from the Howe was consider- i
ably in excess of the average of the last seven years,
and at a period too during which they had been
what was called creating a steam navy. The same
was the case with regard to the workers and
artificers ; f'or he found by the returns that the
number of men employed in the dockyards had increased
from 9,000 men in 1842 to 13,000 in 1848, exclusive of
convicts; so that, both in point of men and
money, there had been a continual increase, and
he therefore wanted to know how it was that the
Admiralty had not complied with the recommendations
of the Committee which had sat upon this subject. It
really was high time that the matter was looked into.
With a navy, consisting of 70 vessels, of upwards of 72
guns each, they had a steam navy of 5,000 horse power,
and he wanted to know where the limit was to stop ?
How long was this extravagant waste of the public money
to go on? At all events, some explanation was due to
the House from the Admiralty, and he now felt it to be
his duty to call for it. He had to ask on what principle
this enormous expense had been regulated? He admitted
that there might be danger of war; but there was
another danger, that of disgusting the people of this
country at the enormous amount of our taxation ; and
he thought no Member would be bold enough to get
up in his place and say which of these two evils was the
greater. The Hon. Member concluded by proposing the
reduction of which he hail given notice.
Sir FRANCIS BARING, who was heard very in-
distinctly in the gallery, was understood to say that
if the proposed reductions were made, other expenses,
almost equal in amount, would hare to be incurred.
He did not think that our steam navy was more exten-
sive than was necessary; already a reduction of 86,020/.
(we understood) had been made in the wages of the
artificers, and a further reduction of 10,000/. in the
wages of the officers. He quite agreed with the Hon,
Member (Sir H. Willoughby) that every possible
cc..momy ought to be practised in the expenses of the
navy, but, at present, it would be impossible to make
the reduction hich had been proposed.
Mr. HENLEY said the Right Hon. Gentlemen the
First Lord of the Admiralty had stated that the number
of seamen, and the efficiency of the force, must keep pace
with the number of the force employed. That was a
sound principle, but it was not carried out in practice.
It wanted explanation on the face of the d }current, but
of Which he could see no explanation in that document.
Putting aside the expenditure for the purpose of the
creation and maintenance of a steam navy, it did
so happen that in the first five of the last
ten years the average number of seamen was rather
larger, by about 700 or 800, than in the last fire years.
The average of the dockyard wages of those first five
years was 552,8621., but in the last five years it was
680,0001. Thero they had an annual increase of
140,0001. in wages, for no possible good reason
that ho could understand. The dockyard wages,
on the same number of seamen, had in-
creased twenty-three per cent. ; that was the
gross increase in five years; and the stores had in-
creased 11 per cent. He did think that was a state of
things that made it very difficult to assent to the truth
of the proposition stated by the First Lord of the Ad-
miralty that the greatest economy had been observed.
Captain PECHELL said that he could only remind
as he had said on
at allat
tea
mll
e occasions,
nbtus but
ocfo u lt
dht
3ebr
eea
the House of the first occasion on which he had spoken
of the working pf the system, and he might say,
before the country. These wothfheiaenhtyruhteohxplfridetpilhueete was
a stestimonyn o
persont
recommendationso
circum-
stances all confirmed him in the impression
which he ventured to convey to the House dur-
ing the two last years, viz., the reduction of
the number of the "middies" in the dockyards.
He did not know what they were called now, but in the
old times, when he was a comparative youngster, they
Dockyard Middies."—(Hear, hear.)
were r
we alwaysasglad called
to have the opportunity of confirming the
sthtaetemeeanutlskng
which he
the ships in the British navy.he had formerly made with respect to
If, as he had recommended, Jeffrey's marine
glue had been used, there would have been no necessity
whatever for improving the caulking of the vessels in
the British navy, and he trusted, therefore, that the
o mm
different,en d e d
if woulda v be
vessel
e l wcarried.ent
ineuvre.ntion had not
Plymouth, and especially if
Breadtuentioowns at-hheichmbaettheradwreacs
it
1)nglIe And all
all
troouucnhdedto
at Madeira,
orrt
used, for he firmly
this occurred because this
to the whole
hbeoewnevaeprfltiehdattoitouwrourlodyaslhion:.vcyb.—e u
believed that it would be eminently useful
IYva requiredu a b
lr(eer
of the service. In the caulking
of small ships itwould
be especially valuable by being made instrumental in
keeping the ships dry internally,
in preservinghammocks of the seamen from dampness, andin promot-
ing the general comfort of the crew. He was satisfied
the
that by the use of this invention at least 30,0004 would
be saved to the country.
Sir C. BURRELL bore testimony to the statement
made by the Gallant Member with respect to the ad-
vantage of the use of marine glue. He had tried it him-
§elifor Ygioui purpsee sincl found it 149 st innlvabie•