The Sun.
London, England, 1849-09-21 00:00:00

:farb ;:71)(itton

SUN OFFICE, Seven o'Clock.

AUSTRIA.

The Wiener Zeilung of the 16th contains the re-
port of the Finance Minister, Baron Krauss, to the
Emperor. Baron Krauss represents the urgent
necessity for introducing order as well into the cur-
rency as into the administration of the public revenue.
To effect the first, the great aim must be to improve
the position of the bank, and to regulate its
relations with the state. The first prepa-
ratory step taken towards restoring the credit
of the bank was, his Majesty's edict to the
effect that its credit should no longer be em-
ployed to provide for the necessities of the state
by a further emission of bank notes and the second
must be an arrangement as to the entire claim of the
bank upon the State, the fixation of the rate of interest
of that debt, and the gradual funding and sinking of
the same. The Minister of Finance is of opinion
that under the new order of things the bank will find
it requisite to increase its capital, and that this
should be effected by a gradual issue of the bank
shares which have until now ben kept out of
the market. As to the necessities of the State, it
will be necessary to economize by diminishing the
expenses of the army, although even when this
is effected the deficit for the coming year will be
great, as there will be the outlay for the introduc-
tion of the new judicial system, and for the indem-
nification of statute duty and tithes. To this
must be added, the sums requisite for the con-
tinuation of the railroads already commenced,
for the telegraphic lines, and for restoring
some degree of order in the unfortunate Crown
lands of-Hungary and Transylvania. The Minister
then proposes-1. To pay over the Sardinian indem-
nification money to the Bank, which will put it in
possession of about 25,000,000 florins in hard cash.
2. A loan, the terms of which will be separately
submitted to his Majesty. 3. New taxes, by the
introduction of which Baron Krauss hopes that the
receipts of the year 1850 will be from 45,000,000 to
50,000,000 greater than they were in 1847. In con-
clusion, he makes a proposal to issue, for the present,
National Treasury-bills instead of Exchequer bills.
LOUIS KOSSUTH.
The following is the description given of Kossuth
by the Austrian authorities in their warrant offering
a reward for his apprehension :
"Louis Kossuth, an ex-advocate, journalist, Minister
of Finance, President of the Committee of Defence,
Governor of the Hungarian 11-public, aged 45 years, born
at Jass Bereny in Hungary, Catholic, and married. He
is of middle height, strong, thin, the face oval, complexion
pale, the forehead high and open, hair chestnut, eyes
blue, eyesbrows dark and very thick, nose thin, mouth
small and well-formed, teeth fine, chin round.
He wears a moustache and imperial, and his curled
hair does not entirely cover the upper part of the head.
He has a white and delicate hand, the fingers long. He
speaks German, Hungarian, Latin, Slovack, a little
French and Italian. his bearing when calm is solemiy;
full of a certain dignity, his movements elegant, his
voice agreeable; softly penetrating and very distinct,
even when he speaks low. He produces in general the
effect of an enthusiast; his looks, often fixed on the
heavens, and the expression of his ey?s, which are fine,
contribute to give him the air of a dreamer. His
exterior does not announce the energy of his character."
Madame Kossuth is thus de. cribed

ARKET INTELLIGENCE.
(From the London New Price Current, Sept. 21.)
SUGAR.--To-day full rates were obtained fur all sorts
of West India, and a fair bnsiness was concluded in
both grocery and refining kinds. At public sale 120
hhds Barbadoes realized 38s 6d to 40s for mid to fine
yellow. The purchases amounted to 410, making for
the week 2,890 hhds, &c. Prices close the same as on
Friday last, and with firmness.
REFINED.-To-day there was an improved demand for
Refined goods for home trade purposes, and prices were
firm; brown lumps 48s and fair grocery 48s 64 to 495.
In the value of Bonded Crushed there is no variation
and little business was done.
MAURITIUS.-This afternoon Mauritius sugar was in
steady request, and a public sale of 1,197 bags and 365
casks went at full terms; low and mid brown at 29s to
33s 6d, goad and fine 34s to 365, fine yellow 39s 6d to
40s, and ord to good 36s to 38s per cwt.
EAST INDIA.-This afternoon a good demand ex-
isted for Bengal Sugar, and the public ?a
no!
white
bags went elf at full rates; low and m_ddtolig hi
180 ewn are
likes
6d to 40s 6d per
freely- sup-
M3Basur6
idtiutos
340755, good to five 40s 6d
t. 42x, yel-
FOREIN.-To-day the markfetnwavass
nnah 5,331 chests
plied with Foreign Sugar. 0
in art
offered at public sale; sound was nearly all taken
t full rates; low to good white at 25s to 295, brown
185 to 19s 6d, yellow 19: 64 to 245; kut dnmagwd sold,
white 23s to 255, yellow and brown 18s 6d to 235. Of
Bahia 500 pkgs were offered, when sound was taken in
at 17s 6d to 225 6d for yellow and brown, whilst da-
maged sold at 17s to 24s per cwt. Of St. Croix 156 hhds
163 barrels at public sale realised 42s to 42s 64 for fine
yellow, and good 40s to 64s per cwt.
MOLASSES.-The market is firm for West India, and
sales to a fair extent have been made at 15s 6d to 18s for
low to fine. There is a less amount on offer than in the
former week. The value of East India Treacle is 15s
to 15s 6d, with a firm market, and a more active demand
has been t xperienced.
COCOA.-West India is not offered at any further re-
duction. At public sale 41 barrels 526 bags Trinidad, 61
bags St. Lucia, and 22 barrels Dominica have been
offered, but nearly the whole was withdrawn, and the
market has a dull aspect, whilst further parcels have been
imported. There are few buyers of Foreign, and sellers
are readyto accept 25s to 28s per cwt according to quality.
TEA.-The operations here this week have been al-
most cenfined to the public sales which have consisted
of 35,000 pkgs, of this quantity about 11,000 comprised
green Tea. The lower qualities of Congou went
off, briskly, and at stiffer rates-common realized
9d to 91d, medium kinds 10d to is 3d, and Com-
pany's 81d to Bid, but good and fine sorts meet
with little attention, and were nearly all taken in at
the previous currency. For young Hyson and Gun-
powder a good demand was experienced, still holders are
compelled to take former prices. The lower sorts of
Imperial from is to is 3d have been largely dealt in, but
better sorts met a dull sale. Ilyton attracted little at
tention, and the small part sold barely realised former
terms. The market for other sorts of Green Tea has
also presented a flat appearance, and the tendency of
prices is to recede.
COFFEE -This afternoon a fair business was con-
cluded in Native Ceylon Coffee by private treaty at 39:
6d to to 40s per cwt. Of Plantation 159 casks 676 bags
were offered at public sale. and sold at full rates; fine
went at 66e, low middling and middling 53s to 583 6d,
and other sorts 41s to 52s per cwt. The market for
Coffee has a firm aspect, and of home trade sorts the
supply is smaller.
RICE.-Holders of Bengal have been desirous to realise
this week, and the market has been well supplied, whilst
the rates accepted have been 6d per cwt under those
current previously. At auction 9,064 bags were offered,
and rather more than halt sold at and after the sale ;
good white rather dusty at 9s to Os 6d, mid diet() 8s
to 8s 6d, low 7s 64 to Bs, and damaged 53 to 8s
60. By private treaty the purchases made hive been
extremely limited. Fur Madras priers rule much the
same on this day week, but there are few buyers, and of
935 bags offered at auction a part only sold; pinky w hire
at 85 to 8: 64, damaged 6s to 7s 64, sound barley grain
Be, and damaged 6, 64 to 7s per cwt. Cleaned li:co is
not so much sought after, still prices remain at 23s to
283 for town dressed Carolina, and at 12s to 19s for Patna.
SPICES.-Black Pepper is not offered at any reduction
still en the part of shippers or home dealers not much
desire has been evinced to operate. The value of Ma-
labar is 211 to 24d. At Auction 1,200 bags of Singa-
pore were for the most part taken in at 21c1 to
2id for clean black, Whi:e is in small sup-
ply, and a fair demand exists at 44 to Bd.
Pod Pepper is dull of sale, at 35s to 50, per cwt.
Cassia Lignea is still much wanted, and a further ad-
vance has taken place, as the supply is scanty ; at
auction 230 chests were all sold at 96s to 1025 for good
ordinary and middling. Export sorts of Ginger are still
in limited in demand, and can be obtained at rather
lower rates ; at auction 260 bags of African were
sold at 32s to 32s 6d for mid small. Home trade sorts
are still in good demand, and firm rates are paid. At
auction 900 cases 68 bags of Calcutta were sold at 4/ 103
to 5/ 15s for good and fine bold, and 30 pkgs of Jamaica at
73s to 86s. In Nutmegs sales to a fair ex-
tent have been made, and firm rates are paid;
low to middling brown selling at 2s 6d to
2: 10d, and better sort 33 to 4s 64, but limed is dull of
sale at 3s 64 for first sort. Mace is not much wanted,
still there is no variation in the value. For Cineamon
full rates are asked, but few buyers are to be met with.
FRUIT.-We have to report a further improvement in
the demand for Currants of all descriptions, and an ad-
vance of is per cwt on low and mid qualities. New
Currants are expected here in the beginning of next
month. Since our last we have had two cargoes more
of New Valentia Raisins, which are selling at 463 as
fast as they can be delivered, Old Valencias are very
firm at 40s.
SPIEITS.-In consequence of lather lower rates having
b3en submitted to for Leeward Island Rum, a fair busi-
ness has been concluded at is 4d to is 5d proof. East
India lis not much wanted, and can be obtained at
Is 3d. Full rates are asked for all sorts of Jamaica,
still only small sales have been made by shippers
or borne dealers, and the market is well supported with
ord and mid sorts. The value of 28 to 30 per cent over
proof is 2s 2d to 2s 6d, 32 to 36 over 2s 8d to 3s, and
fine 3s 3d to 4s. Demerara is offered at Is 10d to
2s 2d for 28 to 40 per cent over proof, still few
buyers are to be met with. Brandy is in
good demand, and prices are still on the advance
Sales of Cognac best brandy of the vintage have been
made at 4s 44 to 4s 6d per gallon. Fur all purposes
have been again upon a large scale, and are likely so to
continue, Geneva is held for Is 94 to is 10d tor ordinary
to fine, and at 2s 3d to 3s 34 tor fine home trade sort.
There is no variation in the value of British made Spirit.
SALTPETRE.-The mat ket is firm for British Refined,
and at 30s 6d to 31s per cwt a large business has been
concluded. Rough met with more attention from
shippers and home dealers, whilst the rates paid
have been equal to Friday last. For arrival several
parcels have been sold at 27s 6d per cwt for 5 per
cent refraction, and some parties will not accept these
rates. At public sale 1,470 bags of Calcutta were.sold ;
ord to fine 15 to 3, per cent at 27s to 29s per cwt.
Nitrate of Soda has been sold to a fair extent at 12s to
12s 60 per cwt, and holders display firmness.
TALLOW.-Tc-day the quantity of South American
Tallow offiged at auction amounted to 1,240 pkgs, and
a part only sold at 33s 3d to 36s 64, and 219 cks o
Sydney 36s to 37s per cwt; these are lower rates. Of
the spot fine P. Y. Candle is quoted at 37s 3d.
Ores -The de mend is still on the increase for Seal
Oil. Sales of pale have been made at 361 to 371, straw
and tinged 331 to 351, yellow and brown 29/ to 331 per
tun. A good trade has been concluded in Cod, prices
are higher, and rule at 28/ 10s to 29/, at ivhich the
market - is firm. Southern is wanted, and an
advance is offered for all sorts. For low to mid the
value is 291 to 31/ los, and good to • fine 32/
to 331 10s. Sperm is held with firmness. Fine
Colonial is not to be purchased under 81/
per tun, and Ifeadmatter 831. Of Rape Oil there
are several buyers, pale at 39s to 40s, and brown
38s to 38s 64 per cwt.- Palm is held with firmness.
The value of fine is 31s to 31s 64. For Linseed Oil
sales to a fair extent have been made by shippers.
Prices are higher, and rule at 28s 3d to 26s 6d per
cwt on the spot. For forward delivery several
contracts have been entered into at 27s 9d to 28s.
Olive continues in excellent request. Sales of Gallipoli
have been effected at 431 to 441, Spanish and Sicily 41d
lOs to 42/ 103, and other sorts 401 to 41/. Cocoa Nut is
still little wanted, and several parcels are pressed for
sale at 30s to 345. Lard Oil is worth 35s to 40s, and
Ground Nut at 27s to 27s 64 per cwt.

"Madame Theresa Koxsuth, nee Mezzlenyi, wife of
Lluis Kossuth, aged more than 30, is Catholic. She is
tall, spare, the lace long, the complexion brown, the
forehead long, the hair and eyes black, the eyebrows
black, long, and nlrrow, the nose rather pointed, the
mouth regular, chin long. She speaks the German,
Hungarian, and Sclavontan languages. She is very
haughty, and her look is lull of pride."

NORTH-WEST SUB-UNION LITE-
Thursda RARY FESTIVAL.
, the 27th inst., is rawing near, when the
anticipated yopening of the Nordth-West Sub-Union of
Mechanics and Literary Institutes will be celebrated
with all the eclat that should characterise such an
event. The number of distinguished guests—the
presence of the band, in full uniform, belonging to
the Royal Yorkshire Hussars—the eminent gentleman
who is to preside over the proceedings, and the pha•
racivr of tho turangemenbi al tend to raise public

IRISH GREAT SOUTHERN AND
WESTERN RAILWAY.
Duman, SEPT. 20.—Yesterday the half• yearly
meeting of this company was held in the Board-room,
at the King's-bridge Terminus. Mr. Edward AlDon-
nell, chairman of the company, presided.
The SECRETARY read the report for the half-year
ending the 30th of June, in which the directors, after
expressing their regret at the death of their late re-
spected chairman, Mr. Carr, announced that the works
were so far advanced that the line would be opened
to Blackpool, in the suburbs of the city of Cork, early
in October, and that they bad given the necessary
notice thereof to the Railway Commissioners for their
inspection. The report then proceeds :—" The de-
pressed state of the country has rendered it inexpe-
dient to proceed with the other branches. From
these statements it will appear that the actual cost of
constructing the main line, exclusive of 146,0001. in-
terest paid to proprietors and debenture-holders, will
be 15,4C01. per mile, and including the purchase of the
rolling stock, interest, and every expense which can
be fairly put to the debit of capital, will he about
17,800/. per mile. This sum, although exceeding
former estimates, cannot be deemed extravagant. This
excess has been chiefly caused by the high price
exacted for land, and by the advance in price which
took place in 1845 and 1846 in every material re-
quired for the construction of the railway. It must be
satisfactory to know that for this sum all the works,
including stations and warehouses, have been con-
structed in the most substantial manner, and a suffi-
cient stock provided for working the entire line to
Cork. Several branch lines were subscribed to under
the authority of Parliament, and by votes of the pro-
prietors in the years 1845 and 1846, in the belief that
they would prove valuable feeders to the main trunk ;
but, in consequence of the calamitous state of the
country, it was not found expedient to proceed with
any except the Irish South-Eastern Railway, from
Carlow to Kilkenny; and the proprietary of that
company has been so diminished by insolvency and
forfeiture of shares, that the directors found it neces-
sary to obtain an Act of Parliament to reconstruct the
company, and limit the works within the powers of
the remaining solvent proprietary. As ten miles of
the railway have been already opened, and only 11
miles more are required to complete the communica-
tion with Kilkenny and with Thomastown, near
Waterford, your directors deem it prudent not to
oppose that measure, and they now call upon you for
a vote for 40,0001. to enable them to perfect this
company's subscription to that undertaking. The
effect of this new Act will be to abandon the con-
struction of the line from Carlow to Wexford,
and to reduce your subscription to the Irish
South-Eastern Rail way Company to 90,000/. from
150,0001., the amount contemplated by the former
Acts. In consequence of the number of shares for-
feited in that company, it is estimated, from the
contracts already taken, that the cost of constructing
a single line from Carlow to Kilkenny (21 miles)
will not exceed 8,000/. a mile to the present proprie-
tors, and that the line when completed will, in ad-
dition to its own earnings, bring a considerable in-
crease of traffic over the main line. The directors had
hoped that their subscriptions to the branch lines
could have been defrayed, and the extension to the
River Lee completed, with the capital of 3,333,000/.,
which they were authorised to raise for the construc-
tion of the works to Cork, but this has been found
impracticable, for the reasons already mentioned; and
they are obliged to apply to OA, proprietors for a
creation of further capital of 300,000/., authorised by
the several Acts of Parliament,. to cover all the com-
pany's engagements and liabilities. They do not,
however, contemplate calling up the chief portion of
this increased capital for a considerable time, but
they deem it essential to the safety and credit of the
company to make provision for every contingency.
The annexed statement will show the traffic receipts
and working expenses for the past half-yar, subject to
the result of the settlement with the Post-office, for
the conveyance of mails, now in the course of arbitra-
tion. The receipts have not increased in proportion
to the last 38 miles opened. Such increase could not
oa
vne
rextension
on
owhichgoods t
oo
ru ce he et st i
eo r
havei n o i
ye
-t
have been expected during the depressed state of the
p country,o
rtaut f
town,rom
been carried towards Cork (which is the natural di-
rection of that traffic), and over which only
three
through passenger trains run daily. The directors
have also observed that the third-class carriages, at the
low rate of three farthings per mile, intended for the
accommodation of the poorer classes, continue to be
extensively used by the middle and upper classes of
travellers. This has, in their opinion, made it neces-
sary to have a more marked distinction made between
the first and second class quick trains, and the third
class or Parliamentary train."
After stating that the working expenses of the line
had been very moderate, the report thus concludes :
—" The directors, ever unwilling to hold out delu-
sive expectations respecting this undertaking, have KIRB Y 111 A LZ EA RD INSTITUTE
deemed it their duty from time to time, in the midst
of general despondency, to express their confidence MOVEMENT. The condition of this Institution calling for im-
in its final success. They still entertain that opinion,
strengthened by the experience of its partial openings, mediate and active measures to prevent it falling into
the moderate cost (no longer an estimate) of the line a state of complete inanition, it was visited on
Monday evening, by G. Linnaeus Banks, the North-
and its appointments, and the low rate, com ara-
tively, at which the traffic can be worked. The net West Sub.l.Tnion of Institutes' Secretary and
earnings of the past year are shown to be 104,161/., Lecturer, and Mr. James Norman, Vice-President of
derived from a portion only of the railway, and
the Ripon Mechanics' Institute, when a lecture was
during a period of unprecedented distress—a sum delivered by Mr. Banks on—" What shall we do to
nearly adequate to cover the interest at 5 per cent.
advance the cause of Mechanics' Institutes."
paid on the borrowed capital, and 4 per cent, to the Jr. ARMSTRONG, surgeon, occupied the chair, in
Mr. Wilson, and
the absence of the respected clergyman, the Rev.
proprietors during the same period, together amount-
ing to 106,365/. When, therefore, the line shall be expressed his gratification at the
effort which was that evening going to be made
completed from terminus to terminus, and the traffic
more developed by the reviving prosperity of the on behalf of the Kirby Malzeard Institute. Having
country, the directors confidently anticipate a very introduced the lecturer to the meeting, he (Mr. B.)
large increase to that revenue." proceeded to point out the duty of the public, and
more especially
On the balance sheet it appears that the receipts of
of members, committees, and officers,
the company from the commencement, including in reference to the cause of mechanics' institutions,
deposits, calls, loans, traffic revenue, Post-office see-
The cause of so many-
institutions degenerating into
vice, and liabilities of the company, were 3,607,932/.; a
times, an indiff
state of inefficiency
to education on the part of
was not the result of bad
and the general disbursements under their respective
erence
heads, exclusive of stores on hand, 1G,4051.; balance the people, nor a
in banker's hands, 8,418/. ; balance in hand on ac.
out the contemplated objects, but the mere and inevi-
result of inactivity, and the prevalence of the
count of current expenses, 2,94 EL ; and sundry table want of adequate means to carry
amounts due to the company, 55,343/.—amounted to notion that it is not the duty of the members, nor
.advisable, that they should feel any interest in their
institution beyond paying their subscriptions, and
3,524,818/. The revenue arising from traffic for the
. occasionally attending the lectures, or using the ad-
vantages they
half-year amounted to 89,052/. ; and the expenditure
for the same period was 36,675/., leaving a net ba
lance under this head of 52,3771.
notion, and c
querable action—at
calculated to wreck the best cause. Action,
Sir J. MacNEILL, engineer-in-chief, read his re- he might offer. This was a suicidal
youngand old, rich
e contended—indomitable, persevering, and uncon-
port, in which he gave a very satisfactory account of
givde toe mechanics' the state of the works.
The CHAIRMAN, in moving the adoption of the
the. only and sole sustaining principle that would
andail times,peer, an
maled inan
dallfemplaalcee,s,wbays
reports, said that in consequence of the death of their
institutions real prosperity,
late excellent chairman, the duty devolved upon him
awnhichenable them to accomplish the object for
of fillieg his place, however inefficiently, at that board.
But he was happy in having the co-operation of Mr.
libraries, they were so well designed. Money
Boothby, now the deputy chairman, an English gen- .news-roorns, lectures, soirees, and talking,
were nothing without action. ot the action of one
and responsibilityf
tleman who had taken great interest in the formation
°r two who might be left to bear the entire burden
of the company, and who had taken great pains to in-
bodyto. the of the institution, but the entire
troducs the undertaking to the attention of English
books,
am a new member, canvass for donations, beg
-capitalists. He congratulated the shareholders onmembers. Every one could do something
institution. ooks, or borrow newspapers for the partial use of the
the speedy termination of the stupendous work they
had engaged in only four years ago. In December,
1844,.the.first sod of. the railway was raised,-and in made in the
December, 1849. there would be completed and in tree
Whatever the effort might he, if it was
Mirsionary spirit, it would not, it
coalti 110 t be PI . *
vs •

"Alterpackingup my balloon and car, I set out
for Turin, where I arrived at nine in the morning. I
immediately sat down to write to the director
of the Chateau d• Fleurs, in order to re-
lieve the anxiety of my wife, friends, and the
Marseilles public who might be interested about me.
I then repaired to M. Bois le Comte, the French Am-
bassador, who gave me a passport. At eleven, the
same morning, I attended the church of la Madre di
Dio, where a funeral service was performed in honour
of Charles Albert's death. This ceremony was fol-
lowed by a review of the National Guard. In the
evening I went to the Theatre d'Angennes, where
Sigler played Louis XI. 'could hardly believe that
the tvening befbre I was at the Château de Fleurs,
at .Marseilles,l4o leagues off.

CROSSING THE ALPS IN A
BALLOON.
MARSEILLES, SEPT. 11. —M. Arban the aeronaut,
ascended in his balloon from the Chateau de Pleura
(the Vauxhall of this place) at half-past six in the
evening of the 2d instant, and alighted at the village
of Pion Forte, near Turin, the following morning, at
half-past two, having accomplished the distance, about
400 miles, in eight hours. The particulars of this
voyage are related by M. Arban himself, in one of
our morning papers, as follows :--
"I ascended from the Chateau de Fleurs on Sunday
evening, the 2d instant, at half-past six. At eight I
was over the Wood of Esteret, where I ascertained I
was at a height of 4,000 metres. The temperature
of the air was cold, but dry; my centigrade thermo-
meter marked four degrees below zero. The wind
was south. west, and sent me over Nice. For nearly
two hours, surrounded by very dense clouds, my cloak
no longer sufficed to keep me warm ; I suffered
much from cold feet. I, nevertheless, determined to
proceed, and to traverse the Alps, from which I knew
I was not far distant.
"My provision of ballast was enough to raise me
above the highest peaks. The cold gradually in-
creased, the wind became steady, and the moon
lighted me like the sun (comme le soled en:* pleinjour).
I was at the ;,foot of tne Alps; the snows, cascades,
rivers, all were sparkling : the ravines and rocks pro-
duced masses of darkness, which served as shadows
to the gigantic picture. _
" The wind now interrupted the regularity of my
course. I was occasionally obliged to ascend, in order
e horizon became
thinkb c a moef
clear, to pass over the peaks. I reached the summit of the
Alps at
and
atelevmeyn o'clock,oourae regular, and as
the
bg haonr i
to on
supping.
" I was now at an elevation of 4,600 metres. It
was indispensably necessary for me to pursue my
journey and reach Piedmont. Chaos only was under
me, and to alight in these regions was impossible.
After supper, I threw my empty bottle into the snow
beneath, where possibly some adventurous traveller
vi ill one day find it, and be led to conclude that an •
other before him had explored the same desert
regions. At half-past one in the morning I was
over Mount Misso, which I knew, having explored it
in my first journey to Piedmont. There the Du•
ranee and the Po take their source. I
reconnoitred the position, and discovered the mag-
nificent plains of the mountain.:Before this certainty,
a singular optical delusion, occasioned by the shining
of the moon upon the snow, was like to make me
think myself over thr open sea. But as the south-
west wind had not ceased to blow, I was convinced
by this fact, as well as by others I had noticed, that
I could not be over the sea. The stars confirmed the
accuracy of my compass, and the appearance of Mont
Blanc satisfied me that I must be approaching Turin.
Mont Blanc to my left, on a level with the spot in
which I was, being far above the clouds, resembled
an immense block of crystal sparkling with a thou-
sand fires.
" At a quarter to three Mount Viso, which was
behind me, proved to me that I was in the neigh-
bourhood of Turin. I determined to alight, which I
did without any difficulty, having ballast enough to
go much further. I alighted near a large farmyard,
where I was surrounded by several watch dogs, from
whose caresses I was protected by my cloak. Their
barking awakened the peasants, who were more
surprised than frightened at seeing me. They
admitted me to their house, informed me that it was
half past two, and that I was in the village of Pion
Forte, near Stubini, six kilometres from Turin.
:I passed the remainder of the night at the farm
house, and in the morning the peasants accompanie(
me to the mayor, who delivered me a certificate, at-
testing my arrival, &c.