The Sun.
London, England, 1849-05-01 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, MAY 1, 1849.

would quote some of the decisions in the Supreme Court
of Bengal ; there was scarcely a case in
which the Court had not decided that an
adopted child was the legal suceesor of the
adopter. Let, them just consider for:a moment such a
case as Gwalior, a much larger territory than Satter*,
whose Raja ha l a right under treaty to name any child
he chose to adopt, and therefore, as far as the question
of adoption went, unquestionably they were bound to
admit it, but who was to be selected? The misfortune
here was not so much the right of adoption, but as to who
was the individual adopted. No one would say that if a
jaghadeer adopted a son, add that son paid the fine of
500 horses to the lord paramount, he might be allowed
to succeed to the state, but in all cases of jaghadeers, un-
less the Government gave its content, they could not
adopt. That, however, was quite a distinct case from
adoption for privae rights. Nu body could question that
right, though they might the right to adopt, where
there were conditions of lapsing to the Government.—
(Hear, hear), What he said then, in the case of the
Raja of; Sattara, was this, that be held the sovereignty,
under certain conditions, he might, under those con-
ditions, be required to obtain the sanction of Govern-
ment before he adopted, but, in his opinion, the case
did not stand upon the right of adoption. The treaty
gave him sovereignty in perpetuity, to remain in his
family until it became extinct. There was no doubt
then that at the present moment there were seven dis-
tinct Sattara families in existence. There was at this
moment a second cousin living of the house of
the last Raja, who happened to be the
adopted son of the late prisoner at Benaires, for whom
he claimed nothing under the adoption, but as a de-
scendant of the blood he succeeded naturally to the state
under the intention of the treaty.—(Cheers). If they
admitted the adoption, it would give rise to interminable
discussions, and instead of this being the last debate,
they should have the case continually corning before
them again. It must be remembered that the ex. Raja
had adopted one child, and the late Raja another; and if
they admitted the principle of adoption, there would be
an everlasting contention between the parties. One
party would be for adopting the child of the ex-
Raja and the other for having the child of
the brother, but if they acted upon the principle of na-
tural succession they got rid entirely of one of the par-
ties.—(Hear, hear.) It was admitted that there was a
sovereignty which went to the blood, and as there were
heirs enough to make it convenient for them, to use an
expression of a preceding speaker, to get rid at once of
the dispute.—(Hear, hear.) He would now with the
permission of the Court read a passage from a pamphlet
on the subject of India which would point out the evils
of the policy they were pursuing in far more forcible
and energetic language than he was master of.
The CidAIRMAN—Is there any name to it?
Colonel SYKES said there was not; it was anony-
mous, arid the passage he alluded to was to this
effect:—" The excessive encoachments upon the ter-
ritories of the native Princes makes every native
fancy that it will be his turn next; that he
will be the next victim of the policy; that he will be
the next to be overturned. Only a third of the native
Princes still remained, and every fresh act of spolia-
tion, not only excites the suspicions and jealousis of the
natives, but made them turbulent and troublesome; and
while this system continues to be sanctioned by the
Government of India it must be unfavourable to
British rule. The system ought to be changed
to one which should protect the native states
from aggression, and then the native Princes would
repose confidence in our Government, become props to
our power, and follow our example in the various arts of
peace, to support us in danger; but under the present
system the native Princes had no inducement to improve
their states, as they were not properly protected and re-
spected by the paramount power." Nothing that he
could say could put the case in a stronger light than
that. He really thought this was a question of policy
which ought at once to be satisfactorily disposed of, for
a universal feeling prevailed in India against their pre-
sent system of ruling, and they were looked upon in the
light of a party who were only anxious to make a Go-
vernment of officials on one side and a nation of serfs on
the other.—(Cheers.)
Mr. Mortal's said, the Honourable and Learned Gen-
tleman who commenced this argument had very properly
remarked that although this was a Slitters case, it was
totally different to the one which had been before the
Court on so many occasions. This was the case not of
the Raja, but of the Raja of Sattara ; it was not the
question of the guilt or innocence of the Raja ; the ques-
tion was whether the Honourable Company had acted
properly in having resumed the territory of that state.—
(Hear, hear.) Hitherto it had been the boast of the
East India Company, and the proudest page
in their history, that they had never acquired
a single inch of the territory which had not been
forced upon them by circumstances beyond their own
control. He regretted that; they had now an exception
to this rule, so highly honourable to the British cha-
racter and name.—(Cheers.) He had read the papers
which had been published in this case, and he had not
been able to find anything which appeared to him to
be an argument for the necessity of the resumption.
Nay, he would go further, and say, with all deference to
the Court, that there was no ground for it as a measure
of policy.—(Hear, hear:) He was bound, as an honest
man, to go further, and say that in the resumption of
that territory they had been guilty of a violation of a de-
liberate and solemn treaty, which involved a breach
of national faith, and was highly calculated to cast dis-
credit upon that good name which Mr. Mackenzie had
justly remarked, in moral as well as political affairs,
seemed to uphold the sovereignty of the state.—(Loud
cheers.) Mr. Reid, one of the Learned Counsel who
argued the case of the Raja in the Supreme Court of
India, very properly remarked that they must be just
before they were generous, and he, for one, cordially
agreed in that sentiment, with this difference in its ap-
plication, that it appeared to him they ought to be just
to the Sattara state before they were generous to them-
seives.—(Hear, hear, and cheers.) Had they been just
in this case? No, for by the treaty they were bound to
the heirs and successors of the Raja.—(Hear.) That
was perfectly intelligible to him, and whether that
principle were large or small, unlimited or confined,
the treaty conferred upon the Raja the sovereignty in
perpetuity, his heirs and successors; and so long as there
were heirs and successors it appeared to him that the
sovereignty ought to be continued, and could not be
done away with by a breach of national good faith.--
(Cheers.) Mr. Willoughby, the Secretary of the Council
at Bombay, speaking of the question as to whether
there were, observed that the late Raja pos-
sessed no rights except those conferred on him by the
treaty of 1839, and he had therefore no right
to adopt; but the Court must remember that
when the Raja entered into the compact,
he did so presuming that there would be the strictest ob-
servance of the laws and rules of the country.—(Hear,
bean) Now the laws and usages of that country com-
pelled the upholding of succession by adoption, and it
was shown by the papers that the Raja had not only a
right to adopt, but that it was his duty to adopt.—
(Hear, hear.) The Hindoo law and the Hindoo religion
required that to be done, and the party so adopted be-
came the legitimate successor. If they bad intended
to prohibit the exercise of that law in the case of
Sattara, it appeared to him that it was their
duty to have particularly specified as much in
the treaty which, in default of that specifica-
tion, must be construed according to the usages and
laws of the Raja's own country.—(Hear, hear.) In some
Indian states the territory went by succession, not to the
sons but to nephews of the Raja—the children of the
sovereign's sister. Now suppose in such a case as that,
and in the event of the Raja having no son, would not
their interpreting the treaty according to the English
law bo a flagrant violation of all law and justice?—
(Cheers.) Ile insisted then, that by the adoption the
Raja is, to all intents and purposes, left as heir who
ought to be at once admitted as the successor. lie had
seen the Mahratta version of the treaty, and certainly
the words used there contained all and nothing more
than was intended in the English. He had had some
little experience duringithe last 25 years in the Mahratta
language, and he must say that, according to his trans-
lation,Tmeant e
rm
easnsda
rsiul
yc c ei snscol rusd. e—d
children, but .
English words,
tiear, theh e wear oor
tdsdid not follow that the heir should be a
child of theßaja. The word furzund represented two
heirs
dainndg
with h
successors
te
; Englishwa
rs
was a Mahratta word corresponding heirs
o term heirs ; but the best and; most forcible Mah-
ratta expression for the case was kayeem mukant,
for that meant simply successors.—(Hear, hear.)
It was said, however, that the adoption of a son was not
legal, because it was not sanctioned by the paramount
power, but the worst part of that matter was, that they
were the judges of their own case--(Hear.) The onus
probandi, therefore, rested with themselves, and they
might clearly show that the paramount power had acted
up to the law and usages of the country.—(Elear,
hear.) It ought not to be ruled over, and the
meaning of words taken for granted, but supposing the
sanction of the paramount power were withheld
simply because it might be convenient to do so. In the
cases of Sindiah and Holksr the sanction was not with-
held, and why then withhold it in the case of Sattara?—
(Hear, hear.) Had the government of the late Raja
been disgraced by misrule, or had he oppressed his sub-
jects, there might have been some excuse for the course
they were pursuing; but what was the case? Why, the
rale of the late Raja was sound and just, and when he
died his country was flourishing ; but it ap-
peared that this act of spoliation was justified
on the ground that the revenue of the ter-
ritory was required for the British Exchequer._.
(Hear, hear.) Such a reason, however, ought not to
prevail in a ease like this. It was important that the
rights and privileges of the native Princes of India should
be respected, and unless these rights and privileges were
respected, there would be a clog in the extensive machi-
nery by which India was governed.—(Cheers.)
Mr. MILLS said it was not his purpose to occupy much
time, as his object in rising was not to prolong the
discussion, but to relieve those who were anxious
to go from the necessity of continuing their attendance.
—(Hear, hear.) It had been stated that this was not a
Sattara case, nor could this long discussion prove to be
the settlement of the Sattara case; and if that were so,
all he could say was, that it was for tho security of the
Directors that they should accomplish that object as soon
as possible. Had they done so before he thought they
would have been entitled to the thanks and credit
not only of the Proprietors, blot of the
eirtiee public, The Nets of tha oiise and all the argu-
ments ware contained in a printed paper before him, but
he would not go into the details. An opinion had been
stated, which, if it were not contradicted, might seem to
partake of the nature of a fact. He alluded to what foil
from Mr. Mackenzie with referenep to t4e Oovereoe,
general. Hp Would rod his lonia All he took them.
They were these i` Lord Dalhousie has de-
cided this case without proper information and
a duo consideration of the subject. Now, if that were
the case, all that he could say was, that Lord Dalhot,tsics
was totally unfit for the high situation he hoid, end it
was the duty of tho Coto if ally member hard the

words and disbelieved them, to protect an absent man
from such an imputation.—(Cheers.)
Mr. MACKENZIE said he did not mean to say any-
thing disrespectful of Lord Dalhousie, but he did mean
to say that be wanted information, and also all Leuze
advantages which he would have possessed, if he had
had greater ,leisure and greater experience.—(Hear.)
Ho was very anxious to guard against the slightest sup-
position that he thought he was rash, or had decided
without firmly believing not only that he was right, but
that he himself had taken fair and proper means of
acquiring information.—(Hear, hear.) He still thought,
and he repeated it then, that he differed entirely from the
conclusion which had been come to in the minutes re-
ceived from Bombay, and it any points of further in-
quiry could have been suggested to his Lordship, he had
no doubt he would have proposed a reference of the
case to the political department, obtained a full and cor-
rect account of the Hindoo meaning, and required some
some one to make a very full report upon the case.—
(Hear, hear.) lie could have suggested many points
of inquiry which, if he had listened to, and he believed
that he would have listened to him, might have had
the effect of altering his opinion.(—Hear, hear). But if
they thought that he had the slightest nose of meaning
that Lord Dalhousie had overlooked the real merits of
the case, and had been deliberately guilty of care-
lessness in his high office, he was extremely
obliged for having had that opportunity of de-
nying in totn that he had entertained any
such idea.—(tlear, hear.) He was not a practised
speaker, and he was aware that he had spoken with
some degree of warmth and agitation, and if he had
made use of any words which were personally offensive
to any one, he begged now to withdraw them.—(Hear,
hear.) lie was greatly obliged to the Court for enabling
him to give that explanation.
Mr. MILLS said he had thought it right that no impu-
tation should go forth upon a person high in authority
who was absent, and who had not essen-
tially anything to do with the case.—(Hear, hear.)
The Board of Directors did not arrive at their decision
without that anxious deliberation, that discussion, and
that deference to the opinions of others which were ne-
cessary upon all difficult questions.—(El'ear, bear.) That
decision was arrived at by a very large majority, viz., by
no less than six to sixteen—(Hear, hear)—and those
who differed from it, with one exception, absolved them-
selves of the responsibility by recording most ably drawn-
up dissents upon the subject, which were before the
Executive and the co-ordinate authority when they gave
their final assent. The decision had now been promul-
gated in India, and it had received the assent of her Ma-
jesty's Government and both Houses of Parliament. He
now came to a subject which most extraordinarily had,
never been alluded to in the course of the discussion,
and that had reference to the resolution before the
Court. That it was an undoubted privilege of that
Court to come to any resolution respecting the govern-
ment of their Executive he most freely admitted, and
that it might be safely exercised he was also willing to
admit—(Hear, hear)—but in the present case the rove-
lution was so vague that he did not exactly understand
the nature of it—whether they meant to finish with it,
or whether it was intended to take ulterior proceedings.
He had been at a loss to divine the real intention of the
originators of it until an allusion fell from the Hon.
Proprietor, Mr. Mackenzie, with reference to the re-
versal of the decision which had been come to, and he
concluded, therefore, that the Hon. Proprietor viewed
the resolution only as a preliminary to ulterior pro-
ceedings.
Mr. MACKENZIE said he was no party to the resolu-
tion, though he was disposed to vote in favour of it.
Mr. MILLS said, he believed the parties who proposed
it were themselves divided in opinion as to whether
the son of the late Raja or the son of the ex Raja should
participate in the rights of the Sattara territory. No
votes of that Court could have any influence with respect
to the decision which, in the discharge of a great public
trust, they had arrived at, being under obligations upon
oath, and disregarding, as they were bound to do, the
wishes and feelings of any individual proprietor. They
were elected for a far higher and greater purpose than
to attend to minor matters of that kind.--(Hear, hear.)
Speaking for himself and his colleagues, he would say,
they did not think that they deserved what was, in effect,
nothing but a vote of want of confidence in the
government of the Executive—([h-sr, hear)—and
cheers.) He would state again that that vote, in the
mildest sense, wa3 a vote of want of confidence in the
government of the Executive—(Elear, hear)—and not
only was it a vote of want of confidence, but it was in
direct opposition to the decisions of two Governors-
General of India, and of the decisions of the Gover-
nors of Bombay, with one exception, and he must ad-
mit a very splendid one, in the person of Sir George
Clerk.—(Hear, hear.) There was unfortunately a great
lack in the attendance of Proprietors of Stock at the
East India House on those days when the Raja of Sat-
tare's case was brought on for discussion.—(Laughter.)
And when a vote of want of confidence in so large a
body of the Executive took place, it was his earnest
wish that it should be passed by the Proprietors at large
also. It was with that view that he had affixed his
name to a requisition which was to the following. effect:
—" We the undersigned deem it highly inexpedient to
interfere with the responsible Executive in their admi-
nistration of the affairs of Sattara, and, therefore,
strongly deprecate passing a resolution such as that now
proposed, and we demand that the question be decided by
way of ballot."--(Hear, hear.)
Major OLIPHANT said the Executive had come to a
decision which they conscientiously believed to be right,
and therefore he could net for one moment agree with
his [lon. Colleague, that the resolution was necessarily a
vote of censure.—(Hear, hear.) He could not help re-
marking that the resolution was one of extreme mode-
ration, and that there was perfect propriety in the words
which had been introduced.—(Hear, bear.) It was in-
conceivable that any body of men could always be
right—(Hear, hear)—and tie thought that many of the
Proprietors whom he saw before him, might be as good
judges upon a subject of that sort as he himself could be,
or wished to be.—(Hear, hear.) He was ready to admit
that the majority of the Court for the time being might
have taken an erroneous view upon the subject, but
because a resolution stated that, was it a vote of censure
or of want of confidence?—(llear, hear.) No such thing.
—(Hear, hear.) On many occasions the view taken by
the minority had ultimately turned out to be correct. He
had heard in the course of the debate the opinions of
several gentlemen who were conversant with India, and
who had spent nearly the whole of their life there, and
he attached the greatest possible importance to them,
especially those expressed by Mr. Sullivan, the Hon.
mover, Mr. Morris, Mr. Mackenzie, and indeed he might
say all the gentlemen who had spoken that day,
including 'even Mr. Prinsep, who took a some-
what different view of the case, but who said that
he thought any heir might succeed by adoption. Every
gentleman acquainted with India who had spoken on the
question, he begged leave to say had spoken in a way to
make him consetentiously believe that the East India
Company had no right whatever to the Sattara tern-
tory.—(Hear, and cheers.) He should not have risen
ou that occasion if he had not had a desire to call the
attention of the Court to a statement which was made
by the Hon. Chairman on the last day of meeting, but
he presumed unintentionally, that Sir J. Carnac had
made some sort of stipulation with the late Raja of
Sattara at the time of the renewal of the treaty, that
adopted sons were not to succeed. Now, upon what
authority did that rest? It was impossible that the
Raja of Sattara could know the sentiments of Sir J.
Carnac, who was but one party to the treaty. In a
letter which he wrote to the secret committee he stated
is effect—" It may be necessary to set up this man (the
brother of the Raja), but if you were you would have
an opportunity of remedying that act, because he
is not likely, to have a son to step in and take the terri-
tory." Now that was the real meaning of what he
wrote. He now would call the attention of the Court
to the way in which that gentleman promulgated setting
up the Raja. While he was writing to the East India
Company, informing them that they would soon have
an opportunity of taking the territory, in what terms
did he notify to the Mahrattas the succession of the
Raja. Tho following paragraph from the proclamation to
the Mahrattas was extracted from the official documents :
" The British Government having in view no personal
advantage or aggrandisement has resolved to invest the
brother and next in succession to the Raja with the sove-
reignty of the Setters, estate, according to the limits fixed
by the treaty of the 27th September, 1819." He, therefore,
thought that there was not one tittle of evidence to war-
rant the assertion that the Raja was cognizant of the
letter of Sir James Carnac, and had agreed that an
adopted son should not succeed.—(Hear, hear.) No one
could dispute the legality of the adoption—(Hears
hear)—it was in no way called into ques-
tion because the adoption was made in the
life time of the adopted father, and, therefore,
the adopted stood in the position of a natural
born son. The treaty said that "on account of the
contiguity of his race" his " heirs and successors should"
succeed to the territory, and the question, there-
fore, was whether or not the claimant to the territory
was adopted according to the Hiedoo law, and was the
natural and rightful heir?—(Hear, hear.) He thought
there could be no doubt of it but it was from him, al-
though they could nut deprive him of his sovereignty,
that the dispatch of the Court of Directors choose to
take away the Sattara territory.—(dear, hear.)
Captain SHEPHERD said he never dreamt of construing
the resolution as a vote of censure upon the directors, he
hoped his Lion. Colleague (Mr. Mills) did not still enter-
tain that opinion.--(Hear, hear.) For his part he dis-
claimed any such idea entirely.
No other proprietor getting up to address the Court,
Mr. SULLIVAN rose to reply, observing that the sooner
they closed the discussion the better. lie hoped it
would not be imputed to them that they supposed for a
moment that they had the power of rescinding any reso-
lution which had been passed by the Board of Directors
j and received the sanction of the Board of Con-
trol. But although he admitted that it would be
mischievous for them to have such a power, they
nevertheless had conceded to them many important
privileges. They, as a body, were regularly consti-
tuted by the Legislature to watch over the interests of
India; and it was their business to discuss every sub-
ject connected with India, to approve of everything that
they considered good for India, and to reprobate every-
thing that was detrimental to the interests of India.
He held that those were very valuable privileges indeed.
---(Hear, hear.) If they were not to discuss subjects
oonnected with India in that Court, he would ask
where they were to be discussed? In Parliament there
was no time, less inclination, and, perhaps he might say,
less knowledge.---(Hear, hear.) Here they had the
reqeieite time and the requisite knowledge, and shame
upon them if they had not the inclination.—(Hear,
hear.) Mr. Mills had stated that the resolution was in-
distinct, and that it meant nothing; but he would tell
him that they had only taken the liberty of expressing
their simple op,;,nien, and if they were so fortunate as to
carry the resolution, but he was afraid that they would
;Ise defeated by the tactics of the Hon. Gentlemen, they
would then consider what further course it was desirable
•-

k) pursue, Ile cotlld pot but think it was a y0;37---b-a";:a

arrangement that the decision of this matter should be
turned over to 2,000 or 3,000 iaffie, and g' ntlemen, who
kiiew mailing a hatev, r stmt if. rtie Ilonourribla
D.rector, Mr Mills, bail told them that no resolution
they could come to would at all influence the du!ci-
sion of the Court, and hs would lia,a3 led them to
believe that the Court had never reversed any of its
decisions. Tne fact was, however, that the records of
the Court, showed many instances in which a new light
bad beamed upon the Directors with respect to certain
cases, which had induced them to overturn the decisions
which they had previously arrived at. There was the
case of Tangore, in which the decision of the Directors
which was sanctioned by the Board of Control, was ul-
timately reversed. There was also that of Lieutenant
M•Neale, who was Paymaster-General, and whose ac-
counts on heing audited were not found to be correct.
—(Hear.) It was said that he was in debt
to the Company. The company remonstrated
again and again, but no good resulted until at last Sir
Thomas Munro took up the matter, unravelled the
accounts, and proved that Lieut. M'Neale not only did
not owe the company anything, but that the company
was in his debt to a considerable amount.—(Hear, hear.)
Tne consequence was that he was released from his
responsibility. Of course it would be unnecessary for
him to say that he had no intention of expressing any
want of confidence in the Directors. If he entertained
conscientious views upon any subject he presumed
that he was bound to bring them before the Court, and
he thought that by such discussions much new light was
thrown upon disputed questions. He would, however,
pass from that to what they had heard from the Hon.
Chairman. On his first setting out he told them that
he would stick to the question, and he thought he should
have heard an elaborate exordium upon whether it was
just or unjust, or whether or not it upheld the
dignity of the British character, that the majority
of the Court of Directors should pass a re-
solution to take possession of the Satarra territory.
That was the question which he had expected the chair-
man to have given a deliberate opinion upon; but he
passed off at a tangent to trace the history of the house
of Sevajee. The Chairman then proceeded with a
learned dissertation on the meaning of the native terms
in the treaty, on which he came to a conclusion directly
at variance with Sir George Clerk and General Briggs,
and many others, all of them eminent Oriental scholars,
and said, in expounding the words "heirs and succes-
sors," Mr. Elphinstone meant to limit the succession of
the territory to the heirs male of the Raja of Sattara.
Now, it was beyond the ingenuity of both the Chair-
man and Mr. Prinsep to say that when Mr. Elphin-
stone was about to make two treaties at the same
time with two native Princes, the object of
which, they said, was in each case to limit the
succession to the heirs male of the lineal heirs of each
Raja, why when he came to cede certain territory, under
a treaty to the Rao of Cutch, concluded a few months
afterwards, he limited the succession to his legitimate
offspring, an infant son of the Rao. Now, let the Chair-
man, or Mr. Prinsep, explain, when Mr. Elphinstone at
that very time was making those two treaties, he
worded one treaty to " his heirs and successors,"
whilst in the treaty to the Rao of Cutch he worded
it to " his legitimate offspring," the treaties hay.
ing one and the same object. Why, in the
case of Ghoolab Singh, was the succession limited
to his lineal heirs of his male issue? Now, he asked was
it not a surprising thing that their time should be taken
up in discussing the meaning of the terms of the treaty
—the native terms and the English terms—when they
had the fountain head to go to ?—(Hear, bear.) His
Gallant Friend, the Chairman, had written a book; if he
happened to be in doubt as to the meaning of a passage
in that book, was he to ask the Gallant General what he
meant in that passage ? Everybody would take him
(Mr. Sullivan) for a fool if he relied upon that
book, in a matter of doubt, when be could
go to the fountain head for information. They had only
to put the question, when they made the treaty in 1819,
did they mean to limit the succession to his lineal heirs?
That was the course which every just-minded man
would take. Sir George Clerk said, should any doubt
be entertained, Mr. Elphinstone and Captain Grant, who
made the treaty, could be referred to as to their under-
standing of the words. That was the course that every
honest man would take if he wanted really to be en-
lightened; but their deeds were evil, and therefore they
did not go to the light. Why did they not go to Mr.
Elphinstone? They must answer that. He (Mr. Sulli-
van) did accuse Lord Dalhousie of having come to that
decision without consideration ; he told them, "if
there was a shadow of doubt about it, by no
means touch it;" and he told them that with
Sir George Clerk's elaborate minute before him.
What was the use of Governor-Generals if men like Sir
George Clerk were to be whisked away by any Johnny
Newcombe of a Governor-General?—(Laughter.) This
was what the Governor-General said—" I am unable to
admit the force of the argument advanced by Sir George
Clerk for its continuance, which is founded on the happy
and praiseworthy government of the late Raja."—(" Go
on.") There was nothing more from Sir George Clerk.
Mr. lITEEDoN—Read the remainder of the paragraph.
Mr. SULLIVAN—That was the end of the para-
graph. They were quite aware that the argument
of the Governor-General went to cut the root
and branch of all the treaties with the
native Princes, to whom we had guaranteed the
possession of their territories to them, and their heirs
and successors. In 1816 they ceded to the King of
Oude the territory of that kingdom to his heirs and suc-
cessors in perpetual sovereignty. According to the doc-
trine that had been promulgated from the chair, when-
ever the present King of Oude died, the claim of his de-
scendants to his territory ceased. They were to come
down to the British Government as vassals, and ask for
re-investiture of the sovereignty of his kingdom, not by
virtue of his title as king, but out of their bounty
as the paramount power of the state.—(Hear
Now, his Gallant Friend General Caulfield challenged
them to produce a precedent in which the paramount
power of the state intefered with the right of adoption
in those vassal sovereigns. He gave two or three in-
stances. In 1750, the Raja of Sattara, though in the
plenitude of his power, acknowledged himself to bo a
vassal of the Mogul, and to show that the Mogul at that
time interfered with that adoption, when his sanction to
it was requested he refused that sanction. A similar
instance was to be found in 1776, in the case of the Ram-
raj of Sattara, and in the same year another precedent
was found in the Rao of Kohlapore. These were all
precedents, and if the Court of Directors disputed them,
it was for them to show that they were groundless, and
if they did not do so, the irresistible inference would be
that their case was a bad one, and thst they were totally
unable to make it out. The lion. Gentleman then re-
sumed his seat.

The CHAIRMAN then intimated that a requisition de-
manding a ballot having been presented to him, he had
fixed the ballot to take place on Tuesday next.
The Court then separated.

HER MAJEST Y'S STATE BALL.
The Queen gave a State Ball last evening at Buck-
ingham Palace to a party of sixteen hundred, compris-
ing the Royal Family, foreign Princes in this country,
the whole of the Diplomatic Corps and their ladies, the
Ministers and Members of the Administration, the
Ladies and Gentlemen of the Household of the Queen
and Prince Albert, the Queen Dowager, and the rest
of the Royal Family, and many of the Nobility and
Gentry.
The distinguished circle all appeared in Court dress,
the ladies having new dresses of great elegance and
beauty, the officers of the army, navy, and ordnance
wearing their respective uniforms, and Ministers of
State and Officers of the Royal Household, being ha-
bited in their official costumes, and the Knights of the
several Orders of Knighthood wearing their respective
ensigns.

AC nine o'clock the company began to arrive, and con-
tinued setting down for a❑ hour and a half, passing up
the Grand Staircase. The distinguished visitors were
ushered into the magnificent Picture Gallery. The
Guard of the Yeoman Guard lined the Staircase and its
approaches, under the command of lUr. Edmund Bellairs,
the Exon in Waiting. Sir Seymour Sadler, the Exon of
the Yeoman Guard, was also present.
The entire suite of State Saloons were opened for the
Fete, and were most brilliantly illuminated, while groups
of the most beautiful and fragrant flowers filled all the
recesses.

Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Cambridge and
their Royal Highnesses the Hereditary Grand Duke and
Grand Duchess of Mecklenburgh Strelitz, arrived at
halt-past nine o'clock, attended by Lady Augusta Cado-
gan and Mr. Edmund Mildraay.
His Royal Highness Prince Leopold, Count of Syra-
cuse, was attended by his Excellency General Prince
Castelcicala and the Chevalier Colonna.
Their Serene Highnesses the Princesses Amalie and
Elise of Hohenlohe Schillingsfurst, and Prince Edward
of Saxe Weimar, were also present.
The Queen received the royal family in the Yellow
Drawing-roam. Shortly before ten o'clock her Majesty
and Prince Albert entered the Saloon, accompanied by
their royal and illustrious guests. The Queen wore a
dress of pink tulle, with two petticoats trimmed with
pink and white gauze ribbon, ornamented with pihk and
white roses, green leaves, and diamonds.
Iler Majesty's head dress was composed of a wreath
of pink and white roses, green leaves and diamo rids to
correspond to the dress.
Her Majesty was attended by the Duchess of Suther-
land, the Marchioness of Douro, Lady Caroline Somers
Cocks, Hon. Matilda Paget, Lord Byron, Colonel the
Hon. A. N. Hood, and Colonel Buckley.
Prince Albert was attended by Lord George Lennox
and Lieutenant-Colonel Seymour.
The Lord Chamberlain and the Lord Steward imme-
diately preceded the Queen and the Prince, and con-
ducted her Majesty and his Royal Highness through the
Saloon into the Ball-room, the general company follow-
ing the august circle. The Lord Chamberlain formed a
set for a quadrille, and her Majesty opened the ball with
his Royal Highness the Hereditary Grand Duke of
Mecklenburgh Strelitz.
Waltzes and Polkas followed.

Herr Strauss and his band attended in the ball-room
and performed the following dances :—Alici Polka
(composed for the occasion)—Katinka Polka—Fortune
Polka—Eisele Polka—Des Wanderers Lebevvohl Wal-
zer—Sorgenbreiher Walz-r—Die Sob walbeu Walzer—
Aether Traume Walzer—Eldorado
Quadrille—Louisen Quadrille--Haut Vol6's Quadrille
—Schafer Quadrille.

Dancing also commenced in the Throne-room, which
was fitted up as a second bull-room, and where a quad-
rille band of 30 performers, led by Charles Coote, was
stationed.

Her Majesty visited this ball-room during the evening,
and sat occasionally in the elevated seats prepared in
both apartments fur the accommodation of her Majesty
and her illustrious visitors.
The following dances were danced in the Throne-
room: Qiadrill,s—Melainie (Coote), Carlo (Tinm,y), I
Lombardi (Coote). Les Troubadours (Musard), Enrico
(Tinuey), Stradella (Coote.)
Waltzes---Alberta (Tinney), Mpg° MO dem Bohmer-

walo (Libitzky). R inelie (Fessy), (Coot©),
toria (Liosfsio). Ernnier (D'Albert).
Polkas—Arundel (Conte). Ariel (Ttnney), Grass an
Woiii (Labitzlt) ), (Coote).
The Green Drawte,:,•rthitu w:s appropriated for re"
freshmei.ts, which were served throughout the evening'
and in the aping-room the supper was served in the
usual regal style, splendour, :old inavi,ificence.

PIIILAISTHItt,PIC SOCIETY'S
FARM SCHOOL.
This institution, established tor the reformation
juvenile offenders, has been for many years located 10
St. George's. fields, Southwark, but last spring it was,(1e
~
termined that it should be transferred to a country sit..
ation, where the boys could be employed and trained to
farm labour and gardening, and be brought up in s
plainer and more healthful system than is possible hid,
London establishment, and their condition as to tb° f
clothing, &c., be more thoroughly assimilated to that o
the ordinary labouring classes'', to which the greater
part of them belong, and to raise them above whic,
while subjected to reformatory discipline for their fat'lll
and misdemeanours, would be highly objectionable.
In consequence, a farm of 123 acres has been taken
at Redstone, Surrey, in the immediate vicinity of tea
Red• hill and Reigate Station, on the Brighton an
South-Eastern Railways.
The buildings to be erected in the first instance are
chapel, a school-room, and two houses capable of On.
Wining 60 boys each. The farmhouse now on the Wet
will accommodate, with a slight addition, about 60 tare,:j
and the institution will be thus sufficient to receive ~
boys by the Ist of August; but it is expected, by v.,
support, and the successful working of the school, in
very few years to increase the number to 500 boys.
Yesterday having been fixed by his Royal Highnei,
Prince Albert for the important ceremony of laying.t"h
;
foundation-stone of the chapel, &c., great preparatwi?„
were made by the South-Eastern Railway Companfl;
the decoration of the State Saloon and the Bricklayer,6
Arms Station, for the due reception of his Royal gig°.
ness and suite.

At a quarter past two o'closk his Royal Highness, st;
tended by Lord George Lennox, Lieutenant-Colonel tu
Hon. C. B. Phipps, and Lieutenant-Colonel Seyni°l/4
arrived at the Bricklayers' Arms Station, and was ie
ceived by J. M'Gregor, Esq., Chairman, T. Eensba"' n
Esq., Deputy-Chairman, several of the directors, and v.
S. Herbert, Esq.. Secretary of the South-Eastern COI'
pany. The special train, under the charge of Mr. Fill:
nigan, and driven by Mr. Cundreth, the formulaic'
superintendent, arrived at the Redstone temporary stir
tion at three o'clock, when the royal standard was imloB.
diately hoisted, and the band of the Royal Artilleci
struck up " God save the Queen."
His Royal Highness was received by the Duke °I
Richmond, the President of the institution, and by the
Marquis of Westminster, the Earl of Harrowby,„tl;.l
Bishop of Winchester, the Bishop of Norwich, the Pl'd
of Ellesmere, the Lord Mayor, Mr. Alderman 6,11
Sheriff Finnis, Mr. Sheriff Goodhart, Sir W. H. jolliPe'
Bart., Alderman Sir G. Carroll, W. E. Gladstone, Pt'
M.P., and other officers and friends of the institutit;
who formed into procession with the committee, the
boys now in the school, those who have left the sch°L
the clergy of this and adjaceat districts, including O."
Rev. Sydney Turner, the chaplain, etc., by whom
Royal Highness was conducted to " the stone," placed
beneath a large pavilion, in which were about 600 ladies
and gentlemen. _

The architect, W. R. Moffatt, Esq., of Spring garde'
bore the plans; the trowel, coins, inscription plate, t
cups with wine, corn, &c., being carried by the prineir.
officers.

The coins of the present reign, consisting of a soil'
reign, a half-sovereign, a crown, a half. crown, a shilling.
a sixpence, a fourpenny piece, a penny, and a halfpennt
were enclosed in a glass vessel, closely stoppered, sybie,,;
together with the scrolls, plans, &c., were placed in the
depositum, upon which was affixed a plate bearing the
following inscription:—
" This foundation stone of the Philanthropic SocietY.o
0
Farm School, Redstone-hill, Reigate, was laid by hid
Royal Highness Prince Albert, K.G., on Monday, Apt.
30, 1849."
The stone having been lowered, and declared by his
Royal Highness to be fixed, the Lord Bishop of Wi°,;
chester, the Diocesan Bishop, offered up an appropriii'd
prayer, when the youths who have left the institutie;
presented an appropriate address, which was read by 0°
of the youths named Henry Waters.
His Royal Highness Prince Albert, in a brief but e%d:
pressive address, complimented the youths on the ad
vantages they had gained by their connexion with 0;
institution, and expressed a hope for the success of that
about to be established on the new principle, and t"s,
foundation-stone of which, by the desire of the Preside°
and officers, he had that day assisted in laying.
At the conclusion his Royal Highness was lonall
cheered, and " God save the Queen" having been sue 4,
by a select choir, under the direction of Mr. Limpus' t':,s
procession was reformed, and his Royal Highness CO,h'
ducted to the station, and with his suite returned irern
diately to town by the special train, amid the loud cheers
of the vast assemblage.
The rest of the distinguished visitors and officers, ie.
eluding a large number of elegantly-attired ladles'
amongst whom were the Countess of Ellesmore, L9'do #
Bradie, Lady Ashley, the Lady Mayoress, &C., B°4
repaired to the magnificent tent (which, together wito
°,
the pavilion, &c., were erected by Mr. Simmonds,
Southampton-row, Bloomsbury), and partook of s mpg
elegant repast, prepared by Mr. Rolfe, of the Wijj
Hart Hotel, Reigate.
The Duke of RICHMOND presided, and on the retn°Yal
of the cloth proposed the usual loyal and person°
toasts.
His GRACE rose and proposed, " Prosperity to the
Philanthropic Society's Farm School." He said the in'
stitution had been established about sixty years, origlci
ginally at Hackney, but for the last fifty years it 1';
been in St. George's-fields, in the same county (Surrey'
but now it was found desirable to remove the childreLP,
to that healthy district, with a view to its establish'
meat upon a principle which in France had met with
the greatest possible success. The object WI,
,
to promote emigration of the boys, and 36 had been al'
ready sent to A lgoa Bay. He was informed that the
reformation had previously been 70 out of 100, but till
ought to persevere if they could only induce 5 per cc%
to reform. His Grace coupled the toast with the 111161„b
of the Earl of Harrowhy, which having been drunk "
due honours,
The Earl of HARROWBY, in an eloquent speech, 14°'
knowledged the compliment.
The amusements of the day were enlivened by the za
vocal efforts of Mr. R. Limpus, and a choir of youth
under the direction of Mr. R. Limpus.
After " the Lord Mayor, Sheriffs, &c.," had been
given and responded to, followed by that of the Noble
Chairman, the company broke up.
The children from the various Sunday and National
Schools in the locality, and those from the union, which
had been on the ground during the day, were afterwards
regaled with substantial fare.

HER MAJESTY'S THEATRE.
Saturday was the second Jenny Lind night of the seal,
end the furore seems, if possible, increased. The crush 1/
terrific, and before the doors had been opened ten minti,tl3,
be
the house was crammed to suffocation in every part.
opera was Lucia di Lammermoor, with the same cast as,r,".
season—the Lind sustaining the character of Lucia, t. 15/.,
';
doni that of Edgard°, and Coletti that of Ashton. Jenny
Lind, who was received with more than the wonted
thusiam, was in excellent voice, and never sunk
or acted better. Gardoni, although still eviden i..
suffering from indisposition, gave the pathetic pcl,:
tions of the character of Edgardo with excl:'
site tenderness, and Coletti was, as he always
,:,
d
been, the best Ashton on the stage. Jenny was cell
on at the end of each of the two first acts, twice at the 05
elusion of the mad scene, when her Majesty, who honour
the theatre with her presence; joined in the applause, oils
again at the conclusion of the opera, when she was led on by
Gardoni, who had likewise the honour of a call. The Queen and his Royal Highness Prince Albert honoured
the performance with their presence. The Royal suite
eluded the Duchess of Sutherland, the Hon. Miss Paget, Lor,l
Byron, Colonel Buckley, and Colenel Seymour. Her It°)
Highness the Duchess of Kent, accompanied by her Serene
'
Highness the Princess Amelia of Hohenlohe Schillias;
furst, and attended by Lady Augusta Bruce, tbt
Baroness de Speth, Lord James Murray, and sir
George Couper, also honoured the theatre with her Roi
Highness's presence. Her Majesty the Queen Adelaide.
box was occupied by her Serene Highness the Prince!,
Elise of Hohenlohe Schillingsfurst, his Serene nightie':
Prince Edward of Saxe Weimar, his Serene Highness Pr.firieg,
William of Hesse Philipstahl, the Comtesse d'Erfa, the Vin
count, and Viscountess Barrington, the Hon. Miss Mitchell
and Captain Bedford. His Royal Highness the prior.
Leopold of Naples (Count of Syracuse), attended by .
Chevalier Colonna, also visited the theatre. Amongst t,,`„
company were—his Grace the Duke of Wellington and Ladd
Charles Wellesley, the Duke and Duchess of Cleveland ep
Lady Alicia Paulet, the Duchess of Leeds and Miss 14%13
Fox. the Duchess of Beaufort, his Excellency the Bassi 0
Minister, the Baroness Brunnow and Mademoiselle de 13t000
now, his Excellency the Swedish Minister and the Barone:.
Rehausen, his Excellency the Austrian Ambassador and
Countess Colloredo, his Excellency the Neapolitan Ancibn
sador, his Excellency the Brazilian Minister as
Madame de Lisboa, his Excellency the Danish Minister,
the Marquis and Marchioness of Ailesbury, the Marquis °
Clanricarde, the Marquis of Granby,the Marquis of nuntlePf
the Marquis of Sligo and the Ladies Browne, the Marquis 1,
Stafford, Marquis Donegal, the Prince Petrola, his Excef
lency the Charg6 d'Affaires from Costa Rica, the Marlizige
Ely, the Marchioness of Headfort, the Earl of Liverpool, ttio
Earl and Countess de Dunstanville, Count Wiedenbrile,7;
the Earl of Cardigan, the Earl and Countess of Norbury, r'd
Earl of Falinouth, the Earl and Countess of Wilton 111. t
party, Viscount Cantilupe, Viscount Enfield, Viscount C!lt,
den, Lord Feversham, Lord Charles Wellesley, Lord I:, 11°cif
Lord Cranstoun, Lord Elphinstone, Lord G. Paget, Lord
Dashwood, Lord W. Paget, Lady Maria Saunderson,
Gardner, Lord Ossulston, Sir J. Shelley and Lady Shells
e;:ati.
Sir G. Wombwell, Sir J. East, Sir Cornwallis Ricketts, '3" sit
Abney, Sir J. Bailey and Lady Bailey, Sir W. Clayton,
Seymour Sadler, Sir T. Duckworth, Sir T. Gage, Lieutenant.
General Sir A. Woodford, the Hon. H. Cavendish, l'adf
Repton, and Admiral Sir J. Dean Dundas.

MRS. TROLLOP'S'S NEW NOVEL, " Tin LOTT—
OF MARRIAGE," is published this day by Mr. Colbtll
and may now be had at all the libraries. Also, itl:
published, 2. Rockingham; or, The Younger Brntyh-kr;
3. Lady Alice; or, The New Una. 4. Owen Tudor,
the Author of " Whitefriars." 5. Mordaunt Hen, bit,
the Author of " Emilia Wyndham." 6. Lucille Belni°n "he
Second Edition, revised. 7. The Diamond and h-or
'
Pearl, by Mrs. Gore. 8. The Old Judge by the .Anb;d
of "Sam Slick." 9. The Discipline of Life, Seoj,)l,
Edition. 10. The Midnight Sun, by Miss Bremer, I%a
11. Mildred Vernon, A Tale of Parisian Life, See°-
Edition.
Sr
METROPOLITAN AND CITY POLICE.—From 9 rbe'
r
liamentary paper just issued, it appears that the
of robberies committed within the bounds of the tnee of
politan police last year was 63,747, and that the vale
the property stolen was 196,0241. The value of the I:00
perry r, covered was 47.341/. The number of Per 6g3
s
taken into custody last year was 64,480, 0, whoin 1, 1171
were discharged, and the remaining 27,274 conviatea
held to bail.

e: trb ttta

SUN 0 FFICE, Seven o' Gluck.

THE LONDO-N GAZETTE.

(THIS EVENING.)

FOREIGN-OFFICE, APRIL 27.
The Queen has been pleased to approve of M. Louis
Leon Bucquet as Consul at Newcastle, and of XL Eu-
gene BC.° as Consul at Port Louis, in the Mauritius,
for the French Republic.

DOWNING-STREET, MAY 1.
The Queen has been pleased to appoint Henry George
Ward, Esq., to be her Majesty's Lord High Commis-
sioner in and for the United States of the lonian Islands.
Her Majesty has also been pleased to appoint Patrick
Augustus Boyle, Esq., to be Colonial Surgeon for her
Majesty's Forts and Settlements on the Gold Coast.
WHITEHALL, APRIL 30.

The Queen has been pleased to present the Rev. John
Robin to the Church and garish of Burntisland, in the
presbytery of Kirkcaldy, and county of Fife, vacant
by the deprivation of Mr. James Mackintosh, late
Minister thereof.

Commission by the Lord Lieutenant of Edinburghshire.
Lieutenant-Colonel John Charles Hope Gibone to be
Deputy Lieutenant, April 16.
_

Commission by the Lord-Lieutenant of Derby.
George Henry Cavendish, Esq„ to be Deputy-Lieu-
tenant, April 21.
Commissions by the Lord-Lieutenant of Montgomery-