The Sun.
London, England, 1838-04-25 00:00:00

the law, is the sort of proof to which, after so much
labour has been spent in vain on it, we yesterday ob-
jected ; and only now state the question to con-
tradict the assumptions of the Herald. The
error we wish to correct is the assertion that
the desire of our merchants and manufacturers is
to provide themselves with food from Prussia, is to
be classed with that exercise of free will called pocket
picking or assasination, which has for its object the
inflicting of injury on other individuals or classes. If
the exercise of our merchant's free will in bringing food
from Prussia incidentally injure the landowners, the
merchants most assuredly have no such object in
view. They aim at enriching themselves by the exer-
cise of an honest industry, and to class that with those
exercises of freewill which have for their object to
►nflict injury, is to confound all distinctions. If the
Legislature may repress the latter, to restrain or
impede the former is to go beyond its proper dominion.
The just distinction is, that the Legislature may prevent
those actions which have the inflicting of injury for their
object; but it should leave, free and unfettered,
those actions which have no such object, and which
only aim at bettering the condition of the agent. The
difficulty of ascertaining the consequences of any action
is very great, as is exemplified by the discussion on
the Corn-laws ; and, therefore, we conclude, in opposi-
tion to our Contemporary, that where the object of the
industry is to improve the condition of the agent,
and not wilfully to inflict injury on others, the
Legislature is bound to leave that industry free. Our
merchants, however, in importing corn, have no other
object but to benefit themselves ; their's is a laudable
industry, and it is extremely wrong, on the assumption
that it may by some possibility inflict injury on others,
to impede or restrain it. We shall not now enter fur-
ther into the subject.

By the packet-ships Shakspeare and Cambridge,
which arrived at Liverpool yesterday, we have received
New York Papers to the 3d inst. inclusive. According
to the latest accounts received in that city all was tran-
quil in the Canadas. The dispersion of the rebels was
most complete. Public attention began to be directed
to the trial of the prisoners in Upper and Lower Canada,
the Courts having been opened for that purpose on the
Bth ult. After finding true bills against the accused,
the Grand Juries were discharged, and the Petit Juries
ordered to attend on the 26th ult., when the trials were
to be regularly proceeded with. A Bill granting. his
Excellency the Governor-in-Chief the power to pardon
criminals accused of high treason before trial, on their
petition to that effect, had been adopted by the Legis-
lature of Lower Canada. Persons absent from the
Province under a charge of treason, or for whose ap-
prehension rewards have been offered, are excluded
from the benefit of this Act. Pardons are to be granted
subject to a forfeiture of property real and personal,
and may include a sentence of expatriation for life.
Never was there an Act framed less in a spirit to pro-
voke premature disclosures. But the matter is of little
consequence, as the supreme Government will amply
supply the Representative with the powers necessary to
the fullest exercise of the divine prerogative of mercy.
We are glad to see by accounts from Toronto to
the 24th ult., that the citizens of Detroit, Sandwich,
and Malden had deputed persons to visit the prisons,
and take care that the prisoners were supplied with
abundant necessaries, and the means of defending
themselves upon their trial. They had also entered
into an Association, and passed resolutions, deprecating
the idea of a war between Great Britain and the United
StateA. There were, however, a host of fellows in
Upper Canada, who looked forward with delight to
the prospect of a war between the two countries, and
who were doing all in their power to promote it. The
Kingston Gazette reports that a body of these worthies
had assembled in that city, and hung and burnt in
effigy not only the actual leaders of the revolt, hut Sir
WM. MOLESWOLTH, Mr. GROTE, Mr. HUME,
Mr. ROEBUCK, and several others. To show the
_ animus of this report, we will copy a sentence from it,
which is made the subject of justly indignant comment
in the New York papers :
" Brother Jonathan, the sympathizer, was represented by a
tall, gaunt figure, with ' a real Connecticut phiz,' in green
spectacles, white hat with a streamer of black crape, and a
cloak—as the Gazette describes the effigy—a real Republi-
can of the old school, full of the recollections of the Rebellion
of '76, modernised into the infamous sympathizer, ready for
pelf and plunder, as all huccaniers are—to revolutionize the
world, if he could do so to gain that end."
This language merits and obtains our unqualified
disgust. In fact, the whole tone of the Canada Press
is insolent and menacing in the extreme. No wonder,
therefore, that the American frontier Press retaliates
in a spirit calculated to sow the seeds of a deadly ani-
mosity between the people of the United States and
the British colonists. For the bitterness of feeling
already manifested we have to thank Sir FRANCIS
BOND HEAD, whose absurd messages were tirades
of abuse of the Americans. The Journalists took
their cue from the tone of the offie;al effusions of his
Excellency the author of the " Bubbles."
The news from Washington is not so important as
we had anticipated. On the 24th ult. the Senate
passed the Sub-Treasury Bill by a majority of 27
against 25—some of its original supporters, including
Mr. COLIIOUN, voting against it on the ground that
the Senate had emasculated it by the amendments
carried in Committee. The following is the substance
of the leading provisions of the Bill, as it has been
returned to the House of Assembly :

Sect. 1. The President is authorised to cause to be issued,
such sum as the exigencies of the Government may require,
not exceeding ten millions of dollars.
Sect. 2. The Treasury notes authorised to be issued shall
be redeemable, one-third in twelve months, one-third in
eighteen months, and one-third in two years from their dates ;
to bear interest not exceeding six per cent., payable at the
Treasury to the holders on presentation. For the redemption
of these notes the amount due on bond by the United States
Bank of Pennsylvania, and from the deposite banks, and the
faith of the United States, are solemnly pledged.
Sect. 3. These notes are to be paid to the public creditors,
or disposed of in such manner as the Secretary of the Trea-
sury, with the approbation of tho President, may proscribe.
The Secretary to report to Congress, next Session, the
amount disposed of, &c. &c.

"Thect. 9. Direct; the Secretary to publish monthly the
amount issued and redeemed, and prohibits any new issue after
the 31st of December, 1839.

There were rumours of a change in the Washington
Cabinet. With reference to this subject we quote the
following paragraph from the New York National
Intelligencer—a journal usually well-informed upon
such matters :

.4 Rumours of intended changes in the Cabinet are in circu-
lation in the city, and repeated with so much confidence that
we incline to think there is some foundation for them. The
story goes that Mr. Secretary Woodbury is to accept the
appointment of Minister to Great Britain ; that Mr. Amos
Kendall is to succeed him in the Treasury ; and that Mr.
Senator Grundy is to become Postmaster-General. Mr.
Butler, it is further said, is to resign the Attorney-General-
ship, and Mr. Gilpin (now solicitor of the Treasury) is to
take his place."
Sir FRANCIS BOND HEAD was in New York, on
his way to England, on the Ist inst. He was well re-
ceived by the people of the United States, who ap-
peared solicitous to make amends for the insult which
a few scoundrels had offered to his Lady and family.
For a view of the state of the Money-market we refer
to an article under that head, which will be found in
another column.

The French Papers of Monday have all been re-
ceived. The annexed extracts contain the only news
they bring of any interest :
A Letter from Logrono of the 14th April, says—" Espar-
tero's cavalry has arrived at Haro. This General will concen-
trate his forces at Viadra and Vittoria, and march against
Estella by the valleys of Mina and Solona, while the division
of La Ribera and a part of the corps of Alaire will cover
the Ebro. . .

...._ __
" The report that has been circulated, of Espartero having
sent in his resignation, is unfounded. The General has posi-