The Sun.
London, England, 1849-01-27 00:00:00

ITALY.

The Gazette of Rome of the 16th contains the pro-
clamation convoking the Italian Constituent Assem-
bly. The proclamation states that the General
Assembly of the Roman States, convoked for the sth
of February, will assume also the attributes and
character of an Italian Constituent Assembly. A
certain number, therefore, of the representatives in
the Roman Assembly will be members of the Italian
Constituent Assembly, without the necessity of
proceeding to new elections. The same journal
contains a proclamation by General GALETTI, the
commander-in-chief of the carabineers, announcing
that their number is to be increased to 4,000 men.
It is said that the assassin of Rossi has been
poisoned.
By a decree of the 15th, the Provisional Commis-
sion of Rome has named MM. MAGGIORE, MATTAI,
MONTETCHI, and CARCANI members of the Commis-
sion of Public Safety.
The Speranza of Rome of the 16th states that
General GARIBALDI intends taking a position on the
confines of the Abruzzi, with the intention of pene-
trating into Naples on that side at the head of 10,000
men, in case the Neapolitan troops were to pass the
frontier at Terracina or Rieti. It appears that many
curates refuse to give the church-registers for the
compilation of the electoral lists.

The Piechnontese Gazette of the 20th publishes an
official note, dated Madrid, the 21st ult., and signed
PEDRO PIDAL, addressed by the Spanish Cabinet to
all the Catholic Courts of Europe, and lately presented.
to the Piedmontese Cabinet by Senor BEETRAN DE
Las, Spanish Ambassador at the Court of Turin.
In this document the Spanish Cabinet declares its in-
tention of doing all in its power to replace the Visible
Head of the Church in a state of liberty and independ-
ence necessary to his sacred functions; it further
states, that having expressed its desire to the
French Government, the latter declared itself also
ready to support the liberty of the Pope. But the
late events at Rome render such measures insuf-
ficient, and it is now necessary to restore his authority
in a durable manner. The Catholic Powers have always
considered themselves pledged to maintain the temporal
sovereignty of the Pope, a subject of such importance to
Europe that it cannot be left a prey to so small a portion
of the Catholic world as the Roman States. Hence
Spain does not believe that the Catholic Powers will
allow the liberty of the Chief of the Church to be aban
doned to the will of the city of Rime the only one that
dares to offend his dignity, and reduce him to a state of
dependence which might end one day in an abuse of his
spiritual power. The Spanish Government invites,
therefore, the Catholic Powers, viz., France, Austria,
Bavaria, Sardinia, Tuscany, and Naples, to come to an
understanding with Spain on the subject, to name
plenipotentiaries, and to fix on Madrid, or any other city
in which to meet and deliberate o❑ the best course to
pursue for the purpose of putting a stop to the present
state of things.

The Piedmontese Ministry have answered this
rote by a document dated the 16th instant, signed
GIOBERTI, Minister of Foreign Affairs, and ad-
dressed to Senor BERTRAN DE Lis, Spanish Ambas-
sador to the Court of Turin.

After giving him to understand that the measures
proposed by Spain are viewed by the Piedmontese
Cabinet in the light of a desire for a reconciliation be-
tween the Pope and his subjects, that the Holy Father
might be restored to the free exercise of his spiritual
rights, the document states that the Spanish
note has been presented to the King ;_ that his Ma-
jesty, as soon as he was informed of the unfortunate
events at Rome had expressed to -the Pope his
profoundest concern, and his desire to obtain the very
object which the Government, of Madrid has in view.
The Piedmontese Government would. therefore, be
happy to join in any conferences for the purpose, the
more so as the Spanish Government has solely in view
the religious question, without intending to interfere
with the internal politics of the Roman States. Were it
not that, since the reasons of 'the Pope's quitting Rome
are purely and strictly of a political nature, it would
hardly be possible tor an assembly of the plenipoten-
tiaries of all the. Catholic States to observe a just sepa-
ration between the religious and the political question.
The temporal question is closely mixed up with the
spiritual one; and since the latter could not be separated
without infringing temporal rights, it would be neces-
sary to treat both questions in the same Congress, a pro-
ceeding which would be contrary to the views of the
Italian Powers Another difficulty arises from Austria
being named among the Poe eril invited to join the Con-
ference; for the Italian States could not at this moment
consent to the intervention of Austria in the intended
meeting, even though the question were treated merely
under a spiritual form. To which considerations it must
be added, that the present state of the public mind in
Italy, and particularly in the Roman States, would
be extremely opposed to any foreign intervention, even
though it were merely conciliatory, as it would only be
considered in the light of foreign violence, and conse-
quently not be durable, and turn to the disadvantage 'of
religion. But the Sardinian 'Gov, rnment, fully con,
vinced of the excellent intentions of the Spanish Govern-
ment, would propose making, in concert, every effort to
induce the Pope to return to his states, and advise him
to observe the Constittr ion he has given to his people;
and in taking such a course, that the Governments of the
Catholic States should avoid publicity, and anything ap•
proaching to coercion. The same Government would
also act prudently in sending circumspect persons to
Rome to support the moderate party, and prevent a
complete rupture between the Pope and his subjects, the
Piedmontese Government having already taken similar
steps both at Rome and Gaeta."
The Concordia of Turin of the 21st states that the
people of Lombardy are more indensed than ever
against the Austrians, and are With difficulty re-
strained from rising once
.more. Letters from Pavia
state that General WELDEN has written to RADETZHY
to move against Venice Immediately with all his dis-
posable forces and artillery, and take that city at any
cost, as the affairs of Italy cannot be arranged
without the conquest of that stronghold. Field Mar-
shal AADATzax has set out from Milan; some say
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for Piacenzi, others for 0, zinovi on the Oglio, to
establish an entrenched camp there. Cannon has
been sent from Milan to Brescia, under a strong
military escort. According to the above paper. EA-
DETZKY'S forces are at this moment much inferior to
thcise of Piedmont ; he is in great want of 'money,
notwithstanding his exactions, so that he has been
obliged to impose a new tax of eight millions of
francs, which makes the total amount paid by Lom-
bardy since August, 58 millions.
In the sitting of the 16th of the Tuscan Chamber
of Deputies, the deficit for 1849 was stated by the
Minister of Finance to be twelve millions and a half
of lire (about eleven millions of francs).