The Sun.
London, England, 1836-01-12 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY, JANUARY 12, IS34i

people of the United kingdoM-Lthey aN.; them='
selves assailed by the TOriiS- With 6, fierceireo, and
a iancoui. kineiraMpletk 111;e slrtiorgles of political
Oaf)
..—they dreaded that, by embarking in a war
with Russia, the Reform Bill would be lost ; they
themselves would be driven out of office by the en-
raged and disappointed people of Great Britain and
Ireland ; and that the Tories, when in power, would
undo all that they would attempt to do, by sacrificing
Poland to the friendship of the AUTOCRAT. They
believed it impossible, that with a physical revolution
hr France, and a moral revolution in England, they
could make head against the CZAR, and yet retain
those places in the Councils of the SOVEREIGN
necessary to the triumph of Reform. Undoubtedly
there were reasonable grounds for such apprehensions.
But the relative conditions of England and France
have since undergone a very material change. LOUIS-
PIIILLIPPE is now firmly seated on the Throne, and
Tory domination is at an end in England. Ministers
have now nothing to fear from the hostility of borough-
mongers and the intrigues of the Court. The mis-
leading Journal of Europe will be henceforth saved
the trouble of recording a dissolution of a popular
Ministry, followed by a repetition of the memorable
comment—" The QUEEN has done it all I" The
KING may exercise his prerogative as frequently as he
pleases, by the dissolution of the Whig Cabinet; but
it will be only to repeat the exercise of it in the recal
of his discarded Ministers. In •fact, such an exercise
of the prerogative would rather remind the people of
the old nursery rhyme—

Fly away Jack,
Fly away Gill ;
Come back Jack,
Come back Gill,

than impress them with any overpowering apprehen-
sion of a frequent recourse to the magic wand of kingly

power.

It is rather to show the constancy with which
Russia has persevered in one line of policy—to expose
the part which she has uniformly taken in the affairs
of Western Europe—to make public the sentiments
which she entertains towards England, than from its
connection with our present relations with Russia,
that we- publish the copy of a despatch from Count
Pozzo DI BoRGO to the Russian Government in
1826, which will be found in another column, copied
from the sixth Number of the Portfolio. Russia at
that time had more business on her hands than she is
ever likely to have again. During the six preceding
years the whole of the Continent was agitated with
revolutionary struggles, and the attempts of the people
to rid themselves of the tyranny of absolute Monarchy.
In 1820 the revolution in Spain under the auspices
of QUIROGA, RIEGO, and MINA ; the revolution
in Portugal commenced by Don BERNARDO DE
SEPULVEDO; the revolt of the States of Mexico and
Peru ; the revolution in Naples, put down by the arms
of Austria and Russia ; the establishment of Legis-
lative Chambers in the Grand Duchy of Hesse ; and
the concessions made to his people by the King of
SAXONY, well nigh drove the Russian Cabinet to dis-
traction. The forced resignation of the Grand Duke
of MODENA the year following, and the impediments
thrown in the way of Russian intrigue at the Con-
gress of Verona, did not tend to reconcile her with the
aspect of future affairs. The accession of Cardinal
DELLA GENOA to the Popedom, on the demise
of Pius VII. in 1823, and the success of the
.French in Spain, was subsequently counterbalanced,
in the opinion of Russia, by the change of
public feeling in England and France consequent
upon the death of Lard CASTLEREAGH and
Louis XVIII. The failure of the Conference of
the Plenipotentiaries at Johannisberg ; the determina-
tion of England to uphold the Regency in Portugal
in the name, and on behalf of, Donna MARIA ; the
inability of FERDINAND VII. to retard the progress
of liberalism in Spain; and the rejection of the law for
subjecting the French press to a more rigid censor-
ship, alarmed and enraged Russia to the very last de-
gree. 'We see clearly from this despatch that
Russia was at the bottom of every intrigue for
the suppression of political liberty on the Con-
tinent. She it was who prompted the infamous
sister of FERDINAND to place her darling Don Ml-
' GUEL on the throne' of her illustrious niece—she it
was who counselled Lours XVIII. to send a French
army into Spain, to enable a tyrant, as contemptible
as he was wicked, to abrogate those liberties of his
people which he had solemnly sworn to maintain—she
it was who counter-revolutionized Italy, and insisted
that Austria should establish a Censorship of the
Press in the Swiss Cantons. The conquests of Russia
were not confined to the Continent. The notorious
Six Acts were among the indirect favours which her
influence with CASTLEREAGII enabled her to confer
upon England.
After labours so vast, and in a great measure so
thankless, the vexation of M. DI BORGO ought not to
excite any surprise. England was then about to hurl
down a temple, Which, with infinite cost and trouble,
Russia had reared to the genius of despotism. The
haste made by England to deliver Portugal proved
she was in cattiest. Perhaps there never was an example
of greater celerity in the movements of a Government.
On the 11th December, Lord BATHuRST in the House
of Peers, and Mr. CANNING in the Commons, moved
the Address relative to Portugal ; and on the 25th of
the same month a British fleet anchored in the Tagus I
If the people will have but a little patience, we
promise them that the Government will do its duty.
It is neither unmindful of its own honour, nor igno-
rant of the prevailing feeling in the country. But,
as Mr. CANNING said, in 1826, the next war in
Europe will be a war of opinion ; and it is therefore
necessary that its object be fully ascertained, previous
to its commencement. The restoration of Poland
must be complete, so as to obviate the necessity of
perpetual interference on the part of England and
France. We believe, that though some delay, judged
by the Government actually necessary, may take place,
public feeling is fully ripe for the deliverance of Po-
land. The great difficulty is to arrange preliminaries
with France, bound by every tie of honour, duty, and
interest, to act as the ally of Great Britain.

We have received German Papers of the latest
dates. Extracts from them are given in another co-
lumn. It will be seen from them that the King of
PRUSSIA is resolved to restrict the Press within such
limits as suit the taste of his Imperial Majesty the
CZAR. A list of the names of the Cabinet of the
Russian empire, and the principal Councillors, is given
in our extracts.

The Paris Papers of Sunday have been received.
The Chamber of Peers sat on Saturday in the
exercise of its criminal jurisdiction, when it passed sen-
tences on a considerable number of prisoners of the ca-
tegories of Marseilles and Paris. As many of those
upon whom the Noble Peers passed sentence had pre-
viously absconded, and have since contrived to elude
the vigilance of the police, it may be some time before
the sentences are carried into execution. .
There is little to interest an English reader in these
Journals, with the exception of some extracts which
are given in another part of The Sun.
from its chief who is
PARIS, DEC. 10.---The jlfoniteur du Commerce has re-
ceivedat Madrid, the following
simply thre-.7
information • „ editor, Iv m m
prohteins of M. en Izabal are
itions of the political, moral,
irreparable coral
and - Die three
- _oriel re-organisation of Spain, namely
• 1, Reconciliation between the Spanish Itheralsi to