The Sun.
London, England, 1849-08-21 00:00:00

LITERATURE. r
INTRODUCTION_TO THE gOCIAL' .
SCIENCES.
This little brochure is worthy of general perusal.
That complicated science, which proves the good of
one and the good of all should be identical is here
epitomised and rendered generally intelligible.
" Social science," says this little volume, "convinces
us that progress is • the destiny of man," and further-
more it adds, it is the duty of all to help on that pro-
gtess, confident in • its ultimate success. This work is
intended for the perusal of the young and inexpe-
rienced, and its perusal by that class will most pro-
bably facilitate the social progress which it advocates.

ENGLISH MELODIES. By Charles Swain.
This elegant little volume contains a new collection
of Swain's pleasing poerns, which are for the most part
graceful and melodious in style, and healthy and ele-
vated in spirit. A loving lesson is happily taught in
the following lines :
"Time to me this truth bath taught,
'Tis a truth that's worth revealing :
More offend from want of thought
Than from want'of feeling.
"If advice we would convey,
There's a time we should convey it;
If we've but a word to say,
There's a tone in which to say it !
" Oft, unknowingly, the tongue
Touches on a chord so aching,
That a word, or accent, wrong,
Pains the heart almost to breaking.
"Many a tear of wounded pride,
Many a fault of human blindness,
had been soothed, or turned aside,
By a quiet voice of kindness! "

MANUAL OF MINERALOGY. By J. Nicol.

F.R.S.E.
This elaborate and comprehensive work, bountifully
illustrated with plans and figures, gives the natural
history of the mineral kingdom, containing a ge-
neral introduction to the science, descriptions of the
separate species, and all recent discoveries and che-
mical analyses. This important work has been most
carefully brought out by Messrs. Black, of Edin-
burgh, and the copious stores .of information it con.
tains will doubtless prOve as attractive to the students
and lovers of mineralogy as the abundance of hard
names and figures scattered over its pages are ap-
palling to the ignoramus.

WAYSIDE PICTURES through FRANCE,
:BELGIUM and HOLLAND By Robert Bell.

,1 Vol.
The author of " The Life of Canning" has just
presented the public with a most readable and
delightful 'volume of travelling reminiscences. The
style, at once effective and unaffected, is most fasci•
nating—it lures the reader on from chapter to
chapter, and from country to country, in the most
agreeable manner. The interest of the travelling
narrative is greatly increased by the introduction of
various legends, and even fairy tales, connected with
the towns and villages through which the travellers
pass. This volume of " Wayside Pictures," which is
well worthy of perusal, is adorned with some very
beautiful pictorial illustrations, which form a
graceful margin to some of the pages.

THE ZOIST. 2Vo. XXVI.
The present number of this quarterly Journal of
Cerebral Physiology and Mesmerism is most interest-
ing. The opening paper is by Dr. Elliotson, and is en-
titled " An Account of Rush, the Norfolk Murderer."
It is illustrated by three views of the head
of Rush, and his cerebral development com-
pletely bears out the principles of Gall. Dr.
Elliotson has gone into a minute and philosophical
analysis of the character of this monster, and has re-
corded several anecdotes of his career which have not
been previously given to the world. The following
is an account of the phrenological developments of this
extraordinary criminal :
" Rush, though he could talk glibly and was a sharp,
active man of business, showed no force or grasp of in-
tellect. His defence was most loose and rambling; he
asked irrelevant questions; sometimes he aimed at what
could be of no service to him, and sometimes disgusted
every person by his stupid and glaring efforts to establish
falsehood. His force of character was great, but it was
the force of all the lower feelings. Placed in certain high
situations, he might have become in the vulgar sense a
great and renowned man—might have destroyed nations
most heroically, and, if cursed with arbitrary power,
have trodden upon the necks of millions of subjects. But
the want of high intelligence and of a high sense of
justice and benevolence rendered his strength mere
brutality. In accordance with his qualities, his head is
very large.
The circumference of his cast over the eyes is 24f inches
A line drawn from ear to ear over the eyes is 12 do.
Ditto ditto backwards 12 do.
Ditto ditto over the bead 12i do.
But unfortunately the head is large where it had better
have been smaller; and small where it had better have
been large. The head strikes a person, even unac-
quainted with phrenology, as one of the most monstrou,
and ill-shaped ever beheld ; quite as hideous as his
character: and his face is in exact accordance; his upper
lip is frightful. The sides of his head and the lower
part of its back are enormous, and there lay the positive,
the forcible past, of his character. The organs of Ali-
mentiveness, Sexual Impulse, the Love of Property
(Acquisitiveness), the Disposition to Violence (Destruc-
tiveness), the Disposition to Contend (Courage,. Com-
bativeness), Cunning (Secretiveness), are enormous.
The breadth at Disposition to Violence is ,6! inches.
Ditto ditto Courage sf do.
Ditto ditto Love of Property 6i do.
Ditto ditto Cunning 6fr do.
Ditto ditto centre of Sexual impulse 3f do.
Ditto ditto Alimentiveness 64 do.
" The remarkable negative part of his character arose
from the smallness of his organs of Justice and Caution.
In the situation of these organs the head grows narrow
and slopes down in a most singular manner. The con-
trast with the other organs already mentioned strikes
every eye. At Caution the breadth is only 4i inches.
" The organs of Attachment, Love of Offspring, Love
of Notoriety, or Vanity, as Gall terms it, and of Self-
esteem, are large. Tho force of any of them would be
very great when one or more of the six very large organs
at the lower part of the sides and back of the head—
Destructiveness, Combativeness, Cunning, &c., acted in
concert with them ; but must have been overpowered
when opposed by one or more of these..
"The same remark holds with respect to Benevolence,
Veneration, and Firmness, which are not quite so large
as the four former,- but -still are full. The organ 01
Ideality is not at all deficient. The organ of Firmness,
or rather Perseverance, is not an overpowering organ in,
him, but much that is called firmness is really either
courage, or the strong action of some other organ: and
his organs of perseverance were so supported by the im-
mense power of the very large organs, that I see no
reason to doubt from. Rush's head that Gall, is correct in

what he advances upon this faculty and organ. The
term firmness in common acceptation signifies sometimes
steadiness in a course, sometimes resolution or courage
in some particular circumstance. The former is supposed
to be the faculty of the organ.
The distance measured by callipers from the •
orifice of the ear to Firmness is . 61
Ditto ditto Veneration
Ditto ditto Benevolence 6/
Ditto ditto Self•esteem
Ditto ditto Parental Love 5l
The breadth at the centre of the two organs
of Attachment is

" The development of his intellectual organs is in ac-
cordance with what we know of,him. The lower range
the perceptive organs, as some term them, were in
general large : while the higher or reflecting range
were poor.
The organs of Music, the Sense of Persons, Force,
Language, and Locality, were large. His speech in his
defence for fourteen hours proved he bad words enough
at command, and he was known to be very fond of
music and to play well upon the Bute.
His, organ of, observation, of the Sense of Things, as
Gall denominates it, divided by Dr. Spursheim, on what
ground I know not, into Individuality and Eventuality,
was not quite so large. The length from the orifice of
the ear to it is six inches.
" The organ of Order was small.
" The upper row of intellectual organs were among the
smallest of his head. liis. forehead at this part was
narrow and did not advance. Cauiality was small, Wit
small, and Comparison was larger.. The length from the
orifice of :the ear to Comparison was 6k inches. The
distance' of the centre of each organ of Causality,*
inches; the breadth at the outer extremity of the orbits
being 5i inches. So that. the want of intellectual, poWer
exhibited in his defence is fully.accounted for. Such a
brain..wOuld never have chosen intellectual pursuits, hut
Paula always have occupied itself in the gratification of
the feelings which the brute department, Qf aniMals
possess, some one, and some another, in equal force
with ourselves."
The Zoist also contains several papers on mesmerism,
from one‘of which, by Mr..W. Hazard,, of Bristol,
we, extract the •following remarkable, case of clair-
voyance. The patient was named Ann Bateman, she
was twenty-five years of age, and was mesmerised by
Mr. Hazard for the cure of cough and'oppreision of
the chest :
" She resided next door to a lady.whom I was attend-
ing for ophthalmia: After mesmerising the lady, I sent
for her, and put her to sleep in, an easy chair. The lady,
Mrs. C., was the wife of the commander of a large ship,
which had recently loft Bristol with emigrants for New
Orleans, on the 9th of November, 1848. Mrs. C. said,
Do ask Ann if she can tell you where Capt. C. is now.'
I excited Concentrativeness, Ideality, Individuality, and
Locality, and then put thequestions. ' She said yes she
could, but he was a great way from here; and she would
tell ,me in five minutes. This was in the evening of the
17th of November. At the expiration of the five minutes
she spoke. She said, Ah there's the ship; but oh! how
dark; how she tumbles • I shall be sick (at the same
time she was in that kind of unsteady motion so usual
it's dreadful!' Do you'
gle they
ying would
over 'a all
be d
taondpetrnseonsesa so unachciugshtoamnedd
btloaetkhe; sea) ; how the wind roars,
see Capt. C.?' Yes, there he is on a high deck, calling
to the men ; now there's an Irish woman at the cabin
door asking
;
g fornomwedtinceinreh others saying
C.
sayin
rail, saying, Go down my good women, there's no
danger.' Now she said, There's such a noise down
stairs; there's a man, he looks like a parson or a
Quaker, with a great fiat hat on, talking to the people;
mg be-has put a large tin horn to his cur and i 5 lifting

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