The Sun.
London, England, 1836-04-08 00:00:00

IRELANP.

KILKENNY ADDRESS TO LORD MULGRAVE.—Yesterday
ele county of Kilkenny assembled to do itself honour', by
oTering a tribute of respect to the high-minded repres
taftve of his i‘lajesty. Lord Mulgrave, by doing- justice to
all parties, fearlessly andsmpartially (as we filial:), proved.
himself the best and wisest Viceroy Ireland ever ;lad.
STAMP-OFFICE.—it is strongly rumoured, and we have
no reason to doubt the truth of the report, that Ministers
have resolved on the abolition of the Stamp-office in Ireland,
and transacting all the business of this department in So-
merset-house, London.--,Dub/in Evening Mail.
THE ORANGEMEN.—The faction are not yet dead—
neither rio they sleep. They were by the last accounts at-
tacking the soter
nd well-disposed at Newtown-Limivady.
.
These ruffians thoughtlongw
too to.,:it for the determi-
nation of the Grand Orange Lodge of ltAand--they aro
accordingly making the best of their time.
NEWTOWN-,LIMIVADY.—A correspondent in this plotee
informs us that the Orange party made another display on
the night of Monday, the 28th instant. Our correspon-
dent states that on that night " a party had collected round.
a person who was playing party tunes on a fife. As soon
as Mr. Cather, the stipendiary magistrate, heard of it, he
want into the town, apprehensive that, being a fair night,
tae occurrence might lead to a breach of the peace. In
the meantime, however, the police had interfered, and en-
deavoured to arrest the factious musician ; but, although
they did not succeed, the assemblage partly dispersed, and
those who remained in the street went away on being ad-
monished to do so. Mr. Cather remained in the street

with the police until, past eleven o'clock, when, finding all
quiet, he returned home. Shortly after, however, some dis-
position to riot was manifested, which was quickly sup-
pressed by the police. These instances of continued party
feeling in this town may be regarded-as the expiring strug-
gles of the Orange faction." Another correspondent, in
describing the outrageous conduct of the Orange party on
this occasion, says " a number of farmers and count' omen
were attacked at the issues from the town, dragged out of
their carts, and abused in the most shocking manner."—
Dublin Freeman's Journal.
WRITS OF REBELLION.—Andrew Ryan,of Lisnagunlee,
was on Thursday arrested, under the authority of a writ of
rebellion. Ryan protested most vehemently against the
proceeding, and offered 7001. security. On being asked
what object he had in offering the bail, lie said his object
was to see how his neighionis would act, and also to await
the decision of the Parliament on the Irish Tithe Bill. He
was imprisoned.
A few days ago Ryan, the ethe collector, proceeded wa-
der an escort of police, headed by chief constable Carroll,
of Nenagh, to the hills of Castle Otway, in order to serve
writs of rebellion. The first writ was for a man named
Kennedy. The police surrounded the house. Ryan and
his bailiffs searched the interior, but their object being fore-
warned, he was out of the way. Several other houses were
searched in a similar manner, and with the same effect.
There was no opposition offered. Returning home, Ryan
distrained for tithes five head of cattle belonging to Richard
Short, Esq., of Ballyvandran ; and, under the surveillance
of the police, he and his bailiffs broke open an out-house,
on the lands of Ballinacara, belonging to a widow Carroll,
end took thence a horse. The cattle being put to pound,
Ryan became intoxicated by the use of ardent spirits, and
commenced firing pistol shots, to the no small alarm of the
persons in his neighbourhood. The house opposite to his
looks like the skeleton of a place that had stood a siege.
John O'Brien, Esq., of Hogan's Pass, near Nenagh,
was seized on last Wednesday on the virtue of a writ of
rebellion. The tithes were 33/., costs 171. The fore-
going statements are highly characteristic of the Irish—
when either in a state of quiescence or disturbance, they
are not easily moved from their course—and thus it ap-
pears, that the harmony ti Inch prevailed through the coun-
try has not yet been broken—the writs have /wipe/ thrown
the harrassed and persecuted p.:!ople into a rebellioc.—

Freeman.
THE ISLES OF ARRAN—FANATICISIL—In calling at-
tention to a letter from the exemplary pastor of the Isles
of Arran, we cannot, says the Freeman, refrain from no-
ticing the efforts which fanaticism and bigotry have re-
cent!), made to destroy the peace which so long existed in
the remotest portions of the West of Ireland. Achil and
Connemara have both been visited with pious pedlars,
driving unholy bargains upon the Word of God, and with
meddling officials who seem to consider that the discharje
of their duty involves the excitement of religious acrimony.
To such officials in Arran, we would hold out, as a warn-
ing, the rebuke which Reynolds, the preaching coast-guard
officer, received for his polemical displays in Achil.
In reference to a return of the General Post Qffice, called
for by Mr. Labouchere, we trust that it is within the range
of labour marked out for the Commission of Post-Office
Inquiry, of which Mr. Labouchere is an active member, to
investigate the grounds on which two Scotchmen, brought
over here by Mr. (iodby, from the Edinburgh office, were
promoted over the heads of the Irish clerks.—Dublia
Morning Register.—[We know nothing of the subject of
our contemporary's complaint ; but the fact, if fact it
may, probably, admit of explanat'on, grounded on the sure-
rior steadiness, discretion, and sagacity of the Scotch.]
A GOOD Examer.E.—The:c was a vestry held at coo-
terstown church, on Tuesday the sth of April, for passing
the accounts of the late churchwardens, and electing new
ones for the present year. Upon a resolution being brought
forward respecting the applotment for parish cots, it was
moved by the late churchwarden, Mr. Hickman Kearney,
and seconded by Mr. lleverill, that no parish cess should
be applotted for the current year, the funds of the parish
being considered sufficient for all useful purposes, without
resorting to so objectionable a tax. Carried unanimously !
Dublin Morning Register.
SPREAD OF LIBERALITY.—We are glad to perceive that
two instances of Protestant liberality occurred yesterday.
We hail it, then, as a happy omen of conciliation, that the
worthy and Venerable Archdeacon Lindsay advocated, with
a Christian and patriotic spirit, the appointment of Mr.
M'Kenna, a Catholic, to the office of Churchwarden.—
' Dublin Freeman's Journal.
DESTRUCTION OF A VESSEL AND CARCO BY A FIRE.—
At 9 o'clock, F.M., on the 'lst of April, a lire broke out on
board the barque Mary, belonging to Mr. lleaves, of Cork,
and laden with cotton. for Havre. Every exertion was
made by the Customs' officers, coast guards`, and ship agents
to save the property—but unfortunately it came on to blow
a tremendous gale from the N.N.W., and in less that; two
lours the vessel was one mass of fire. The entire carat,
consisting of 1,260 bales of cotton, has been consumej.
The Mary was a fine vessel of 400 tons register, and, with
the stores on board at the time, was worth about 3,0001.
The cargo, valued at 14,000/., was insured in England and
France.

A po A. man of the name of Troy, from Roscrea, was
found dead on Sunday night at Merlin-park, Galway. He
had a character from the postmaster of Roscrea in his
pocket, and was on his way to Roscrea.
As Mr. Reid, a native of Scotland, and land-steward to
11. B. li_Tesford, Esq. was returning from town to Brook-
b.ib, on Wednesday evening, he was tldloned by half a
dozen ruaans, armed with cudgels, who, after they bad
ascertained froti: himself his name and situation, cried oit
in a savage manner, ‘! to bell with Orange Dcresford," and
then attacked this inoffensive man, whom they beat most
u m c rci full y.—Derry Journal.
MELANCHOLY ACCIDENT.—As Mr. Oliver Ross, of
Termegan, near Newton-Stewart, was proceeding to the
Market of Strabane, on Tuesday week, with three cart
loads of barley, he was, from the bad state of the road be-
twixt his house and Douglass Bridge, thrown into the ditch,
and one of his carts upon the top of him, in consequence of
which he was so dreadfully bruised as to survive only-until
the Monday following, when death put an end to his sui-
forings.—lbid.
ARNING —DRUNICENNESS.—On the `7th ulj. the
body of the late John Cald.vall, of Ballyleighry, was •fottud
lifeless in a ditch near Newton-Limavady ; an awful.Warn-
big to those unhappy persons who abuse themselves by the
dreadful habit of swallowing and alt spirits. He had got
many solemn warnings, and has left a widow and large
mi

EFFECTS OF RAI LWAYS.—At 'Middlesborough,
a few years ago an obscure fishing village, now become a cOri-
s:drable sea-port town on the river Tees, below Stockton, oa
laying the foundation of an exchange, it was stated; among
other remarkable facts connected with railwqs, that the pro-
jectors o 1 the Stockton and Darlington railroad only ventured
to anticipate, as the greatest probable export of ccal from
the
Ices, a quamiti not exceeding 10,000 tons per annum. This
successful undertaking has not been ten years in operation, and
yet, during thei:a.;t year, between 40,000 and 50.000 tons of coal
had been exported from that river ! The Clarence railway,
more recently brought into operation, opens to the river Tees
a coal-field south-cast of the city of Durham ; from the seven-
tenth milestone on this line a new railroad, upwards of twenty
miles in length, is projected, terminating at the valuable lime-
stone quarries near Fosterley, in Weapredralien..ile,Mairicdbiacnmdeis:
ladnd;
agricultural produce arc estimated to yield an income of
1,3701. towards the total:esti:wt. estimated revenue of 3 t,357/., the
remainder being produced by coal and lime ; coal being charged
at the moderate rate of Id.
use of waggons tor these, one hiapenuy per chaldvoil

_
V cwt.
o Thursday morning last, four of tlio workine:t.
Leadhills, welt into one or
for the purpose t°lfletill:yeSlcsoctosnnClei'tieeds ‘Cvil‘gitTsle'Yt'rtines,
jig away the rubbish, and making an opening at a part of tho
level where the roof had fallen in. '[hey hAd opened a small
aperture through which one of the men had crept to clear
eround; but while the second, James DoLie, %vas in the act' °f
following him, the wood with which they had supported th 2
of clear-
ruof gave way, and, melancholy to relate, bc wasmunediately
buried it, the ruins of the fall ; and long before the other men
ert
were able to clear away the rubbish—although everY
ex
iris til VIC —the "viral ...
:Fok had lied lot o'er.'.4ion
yr
Observer,

SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS.

We call the attention of our readers to a very able
letter in another column on the subject of the commer-
cial T elation s between the United States and -this
cormtry. The letter contains some valuable informa-
tion as to the probable amount of the cotton crop, the
extent of the consumption of cotton in the manufac-
tories of North America, and other branches of Ame-
rican industry. The commerce between this country
and the United States, in spite of the mistaken policy
of our Legislature, must every year become mormoreim-
portant, from the circumstance that
the former is ad-
vancing rapidly in population and wealth, and that
with so extensive and so fertile a territory, it is r
possible to assign limits to its greatnes9, and conse-
quently to its production of commodities which it will
always be profitable to exchange for English manufac-
tures. The Corn-laws of this country have, no doubt,
as the writer contends, given a premature development
to American manufactures ; and it were to be wished
that the landowners of England had had sufficient
discernment to perceive that trade ultimately resolves
• itself into barter ; that nations can only buy by means of
selling ; and that by restrictions on the importation of
the agricultural produce of America, we merely reduce
the amount of the manufactures which that country
can take from us. In a country which exports manu-
factures and imports food, the situation of the agricul-
turist must always be an enviable one. He sellsilearer
and buys cheaper than the agriculturist of a country
which imports manufactures and exports food. He
has always the costs of importation of food in his fa-
vour ; and as the price of manufactures at home is de-
termined by the price abroad, he in like manner gains
in his purchases the expense and charges of their con-
veyance to the foreign markets. Besids, in a country
possessing a population of which a great part is em-
ployed in manufacturing for the foreign market, the
agriculturist has a monopoly of a number of articles
which can only be raised at home, and which add to
the productiveness of his soil. Of all mistakes, there-
fore, the greatest is, that the agriculturist is not deeply
interested in the extension of the foreign market for
manufactures. But the writer hardly makes sufficient
allowance for the difficulties which beset public men in
this country. If " the Liberals, as they call themselves,
who own land, are as strenuous advocates for high-priced
bread as the Tories," this is very natural. We quarrel with
them for their ignorance, arid not for their selfishness.
They are for the most part ignorant of the law by
which prices are governed, and commit the mistake cf
supposing that by crippling the commerce of the coun-
try and impairing the ability of the manufacturer to
pnrchase, they can get a high price for their bread. Ig-
noranee with respect to their true interests is not con-
fined to the people of England ; and the writer must
have a short memory if he do not recollect proceedings
in Congress on the subject of the tariff, not much more
distinguished for wisdom than those of our own Legis-
lature. But it is a mistake to suppose that a States-
man is omnipotent, or that he is chargeable with a
want of -virtue when he does not attempt to give effect
to what he deems the soundest views of commercial
policy.. The Statesman cannot change the notions of
a people in a day ; and by attempting to carry a ques-
tion for which they are not prepared, he may deprive
himself of the means of effecting much good within his
reach. The Statesman must be a diligent reader of
the signs of the times. With respect to this coun-
try, the ignorance which still prevails among the
farmers, with respect to the Corn Laws, is very great ;
and as to the landholders, they are many of them
so deeply embarrassed, that they cling with the
desperation of drowning men to the idea of keep-
ing up high prices and high rents. Our hopes rest
principally on the increasing political importance of
the middle classes, and the diffusion of sound views
among them. When we consider how much Ministers
hazarded in the bold attempt (which has been crowned
with success) to reform the Poor Laws, which all
preceding Ministers had shrunk from, we should be
slow to accuse them of want of virtue. When the
American writer reflects a little more on the number of
individuals in England interested in abuses—the des-
perate opposition, for instance, which the lawyers
have always given to the most necessary measures of
law reform—the difficulties with which Sir J. Campbell
has had, and still has, to contend in his measure for
placing the law of debtor and creditor on a proper foot-
ing—he will be disposed to make more allowance to
our Statesmen than he now does. In America there
is no Aristocracy—no class of men who live without
labour on the industry of others, and to provide in-
comes for whom unnecessary offices must be kept up
at extravagant salaries. The English Statesman, how-
ever, is not long allowed to forget that such a class
exists in this country, and is a most formidable ob-
stacle in the way of Reform.—Morning Chronicle.
The relations between England and China begin to
be looked upon as a staple subject of discussion.
Pamphlets accumulate upon the expediency of adopt-
ing some means for the amendment of our position,
not only with the authorities of Canton, but with the
whole maritime frontier of the Chinese empire. Some
days ago we took occasion to notice favourably a letter
of Mr. Lindsay, who, after enumerating the various
wrongs endured by British merchants at the hands of
the Chinese, and more especially the hardships in-
flicted on Lord Napier, urged the British Government
to have recourse to direct and immediate measures of
coercion, failing a repeated trial of more pacific expe-
riments. It is not to be denied that Mr. Lindsay ex-
pressed in strong language his sense of the injuries
we have suffered in our commercial interests and our
national honour, or that he indulged with unsparing
determination the spirit of resentment, and the de-
sire for forcible redress, acknowledging at the same
time, that if what he considered justice could be
obtained by more amicable methods, his warlike
proposition ought to fall of itself to the ground.
This view put forth by Mr. Lindsay, of the probable
necessity for belligerent efforts on the part of Eng-
land, has been more recently combated,by Sir George
Staunton in a pamphlet little longer than that to
which it is meant for a reply. Sir George Staunton, on
grounds which he does not very satisfactorily explain,
objects, save only under one condition, to the appoint-
ment of a resident Minister to China, as representative
of his Majesty ; for assuredly it is not in itself conclu-
sive, that because .Lord Napier behaved rashly, and
was unmercifully treated, no other individual should be
sent out, olothed with the Royal authority of Great
Britain, to superintend and uphold the rights of our
national commerce, and by a discreet and judicious' em-
ployment of his opportunities to strengthen our connexion
with the Chinese people. Sir George Staunton depre-
cates every attempt at intimidation, and appears to ns,
we confess, to give even a more anxious development to
his own dread of a coercive policy than Mr. Lindsay
has 0 his recommendation of it. The worthy Baronet,
witl out saying so much in words, or rather indeed
wh: e u ing a formal phrase or two, of a nature to save
appearances, seems desirous of indirectly impressing
upon the. public that in no case ought this country to
engage in hostilities with China ; and we beg pardon
if we misunderstand him—but his prohibition of war-
like measures, apparently at least, extends to cases in
which, towards other nations, they would be justified
and even necessitated, on the ground of self-defence.
Sir George Staunton coincides with Mr. Lindsay in
opinion, that if an
,armed interference shall " be
deemed inadmissible,' a mere trading personage, of
small or no pretension, ought to be sent out as " agent
for the Customs, whose sole duties should consist in
reeisterine ships' papers," &c., a functionary, who, we
presume, would take kicks quietly, and let the Hong
merchants, or mandarins, treat him as they liked.

" Assuming, then, that neither our resentment for the
fate of Lord Napier, nor the enlargement and improvement
of our commerce, affords any adequate justification for a
resort to the measures proposed, Mr. Lindsay's question
(page 3), What is now to be done ?' still remains to be
considered.

" Mr. Lindsay asks, Is there another English gentle-
man of character and talent to be sent to China, and di-
rected to submit to all the humiliating concessions of na-
tional inferiority, which will be demanded before he is recog-
nized by the Chinese ? I cannot imagine it possible ? Are
we to continue to maintain an establishment at Macao, at an
expense of more than 20,0001. a year, without any assign-
able duties whatever? This appears equally improbable.'
These remarks are perfectly just. The appointment of
Lord Napier, in t,-way it took place, was decidedly a
(step
;,to e the height of folly to repeat
Eq/1147:91'ibid:w3N1 911 be
a, without any hope ofto continue to maintain
lima,
exppayi entitlVC,,

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