The Sun.
London, England, 1825-09-28 00:00:00

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SOUTH AMERICA.

EXTRACT Or A LETTILit, DATED EUENO3 A YMES,
JULY 21, 1825.
We have- at last had a visit from the Bra.
zilia 114, who sent a squadron, which
lies in our outer road ; an explanation has
taken place between our Government and
the Brazilian Commodore, and in wise-
.quence the mattOr is referred to Rio de Ja-
neiro; and there is little doubt will be ar-
ranged by some compromise, even if Sir Charles
Stuart should not be instructed to lend his.
friendly offices.
..The Cornish miners sent from Falmouth by
the Rio de la Plata Association are arrived, here,.
and in a few days werefolloWed by the Coriiirtis,..
sioner, who is considered by every one here as a
man very properly 'selected- for the mission. The
miners appear to be a steady and respectable set
of people.
The Government here acts with the best dis-
position. towards the Associative, but it will re-
quire some time to settle with the province of La
Moja respecting the Famatina Mines : as it in-
volves political considerations, the Cormnissioner
of the Association would do wrong to take it up,
or to put himself in contact with the parties
themselves, for the present. I understand that
the Commissioner, with a select party of miners,
will immediately set out for the provinces of
Mendoza and San Juan, from the Government of
which, as also from the Deputies of that of Salta,
he has received the most urgent invitation to di-
rect the attention of the Association to the mi-
neral riches in those quarters.
Some speculators on mines here .have purchased
the grazing estate of Urpallata for a large sum,
being probably misled by the name, as the igno-
rance here in these matters is really astonishing.
They, however, do not acquire a single mine by
it, nor do even the mining laws still in force en
title a freeholder to the mines which may be
found in an estate: the mines are general pro-
perty, belonging to him who first works them.
The Government of Mendoza is so much im-
pressed with the advantages the Rio de la Plata
Mining Association-will confer on the population
of the provinces, that they have refused the offer
of a speculator to give 20,000 dollars for the
mine of Ballegas; because, though that sum
might be very acceptable to the .treasury, this
would be a deviation from principle, and might
prejudice the Association; under an idea that the
best mine was taken from them.

In short there is a wide field for the operations
r of the Rio de la Plata Association, and in all the
provinces every mine not private property will
be readily given up, with the exception only of
Famatina for the present. When I first heard
of the establishment of this Association, r was
staggered, as we knew nothing here of mining
districts ; but my attention having since. been
drawn to the subject, I find by inquiries that the
whole of the eastern side of the Andes may be
considered, an immense mining district ; and if
the Association manage their business with skill
and energy, they will undoubtedly do well.
Agricultural projects are also maturing with
great rapidity. Mr. J. P. Robertson has obtain-
ed a grant of land on condition to bring out a
large number of settlers. The first party of emi-
grantS sent out by Mr. Barber Beaumont's Com-
pany is arrived, and will be settled near San
Nicholas, N.W. up the river, about 150 miles'
from Buenos Ayres.—( The Times.)

EXTRACT OF A PRIVATE LETTER FROM MENDOZA,
DATED JULY 5, 1821.
The unaccountable delay in the arrival of the agents of the
Mining Company for these provinces, has, with some reason,
given cause to many conjectures here as to the probability of
their coming at all ; at least many here are of that opinion. It
will certainly he the interest of the Company not to lose a mo-
ment in coming here to commence their operations, as they
will do so under the most favourable auspices while the present
Government continues : shoUld any change take place, it is not
unlikely that much room would be given for intrigue and pri.
Tate speculation. Various attempts have already been made of
this nature here, but they have been invariably resisted• by the
Government, who have in every thing relative to the mines
acted with much circumspection and probity.—(lbid.)

BUENOS AYRES, Aria' 6.
(From the Buenos "lyres Argos.)
We have the singular satisfaction of communicating to the
public the following important note of the Provisional Govern-
ment of the Eastern Province to the General Constituent Con-
gress, accompanying the act, which we likewise insert. Both
documents were read in the session of that body of the 4th
instant.

" Sovereign Constituent Congress--When the Provisional
Government of the Banda Oriental; in the difficult eircum,
!, stances in which it is placed, sees the national representation
united in the Sovereign Constituent Congress, and considers
that it has already observed what must fulfil the wishes of its
eastern inhabitants, and that this province is going to place it-
self in the situation to which its sacrifices for liberty entitle it,
the Provisional Government begins to manifest its respect to
the sovereign Congress, presenting to its high consideration its
aet en the day in winch it was installed. This document, which
contains a memorial presented to the Government by the eom-
msnder.in•Chief of the army, will supply the Sovereign Con-
gress with all the •requisite information relative to the state of
-the province before that epoch.
" The Provisional Government, at the time of its installa
tion, has invested the eastern province with tke same forms as
the rest of the Union ; aad it has likewise hastened to convoke
its provincial representation, that the province may receive both
its government and institutions from so legitimate a source. It
considers the object of its desires attained, because it reckons
on the powerful and respectable influence of the national re-
presentation to which its deputiei will soon unite theinselves:
The eastern inhabitants look for every aid from the-Stovereikn
Congress ; and in the opinion of
,the Government they enter;
tain such hopes justly, considering the public interest of that
bottyL •

Provisional Government hopes that it•has discharged
its duties with due diligence ; and concludes by offering to your
sovereignty its homage, respect, and obedience.
Florldn, June 21.

" MANUEL CALLEROS.
" MANUEL DURAN,
" LORETO DE 00111ElstSORO.
" FRANCISCO JOAQUIM MUNOZ.
" JUAN JOSE VASQUEZ.
'.FRANCISCO ARAI/CHO Secretary.
" To the Sovereign Constituent Congress of the
United Provinces of La Plata."

(Signed)

In thetown of Florida, department of San Jose; in the Eastern.
Province, 14th of June, 182, there-assembled ih the Ball Tire.:
pared fOr them the following Cientletiien, nominated Members

. • —7
of the Provisional Government, in consequence of a circular
dated May 27; from the Interim Chief, Dbn Juan Antonio
Lavalleja, viz. :—Don Francisco Joaquien Munoz, for tilt de-
partment of Maldonado ; Don Loreto de Gomensoro, for dm
department of Conolones ; Don Mantiel Duran,,for the depart-
ment of San Jose; Don Manuel Coheres, for the departiiietit
of Coloria del Sacramento ; and Don Juan Jose 'Vasquez, for
the department of San Domingo Soriano (there being atisrent,
Don Juan Pablo Laguna, for the ptovice of Doramo). These
Gentlemen resolved that the tithe was arrived for fulfilling the
wishes of their worthy Chief and that of their constituent/I. ./tn
• virtue of this they proceeded to the election of a President•;. and
by a plurality of votes, the choice fell on the oldest member,
who was Don Manuel-Calleros. The powers of the members
being then verified, the President declared as follows
" Gentlemen—The Provisional Government of the Eastern
. Province of Rio de la Plata is legitimately installed.".• In that
state of thingli appeared in the Hall the Provisional Chief, Don
Juan Antonio Lavalleja, expressing, in the most lively and
energetic manner " the profound satisfaction which he felt at
having the honour of offering his salutations, and the hotetage
of, his gratitude, respect; and obedience, to the Provisional.
'• Government of the'Province; that Ilie happy moment of their
• inauguration presented to his eyes the best recompense of his
toils'; and that he now swore before the fathers of his cOnntry,
and before Heaven, which knew his inmost thoughts; that•he
would spend his last breath in defending it by the aide- of the
brave men who trotle with him the path of glory and danger."
Nevins said this, he retired, leaving in the hand of the Presi-
dent a memorial' which contained a faithful history of his pro-
ceedings from the time that he had the good fortune to touch
the smiling shores of his native land.

"Gentlemen, in conjunction with some worthy patriots, we
conceived the happy idea of passing to this province troth Buenos-
Ayres, to which we were led by the late events which took place
here with the object of putting in motion our peasants, exciting
patriotism, and attacking the foreigners who conceive themselves
masters of our country. In number only 33 officers and sol-
diers, we disembarked on this shore, and we may say that our
march has been a succession of triumphs. The heroic valour,
which at andther rpoch distinguished the eastern inhabitants of
La Plata revived over all the province, and the cry of liberty
was heard from all parts. Fortune favoured our endeavours,
and in a few days has given us the most brilliant results. Such
has been our succesTover the enemy, that we have taken pri-
soners 21,0 soldiers, and 20 officers, together with the enca.mp.,
ment of Durazno. We have now a respectable army. This
army has been divided into different sections, which are placed
in different departments."
.(Here follows the enumeration of
them.) " All these corps, which are well armed, daily increase
in numbers, and receive a regular discipline and organization.
Pressed by the urgency of the occasion, I have appointed a
financial commission, which superintends all branches. I have
ordered the property of the emigrants from Monte-Video to be
preserved to its legitimate owners, or till the Government be
settled In conjunction with Brigadier
Rivera, I have addressed myself to the National Executive
• Government, informing it of our circumstances and wants; aner
though we have not obtained a direct answer, we have been in-
formed of the favourable tlisposition of the Government, and
that jt will take a more decided character when Commissioners
from the Government of the province arrive. Such, gentle-
men,_
is the actual state of our affairs. have the honour of
now laying it before the Provisional Government, which I see
installed with so much satisfaction, and which I congratulate,
offering it henceforward my highest respect, homage, and
obedience.

(Signed) " JUAN ANTONIO LAVALLEJA
" Florida, June 14."
The reading of this document called forth testimonies of ad-
miration to the enterprising character who had carried into ef-
fect the heroic idea of freeing his country from the proud
tyranny of the usurpers. The sitting ended by the election of
a secretary, and the choice fell on Don Francisco Araucho, who
having taken the proper oath, was ordered to draw up thewct:
(Signed) MA N UEL CA LLEROS.
MANUEL DURAN.
FRANCISCO JOAQUIN MUNOZ.
JUAN JOSE VAZQUEZ. -
LORETO DE (JWIENZORO.
FRANCISCO A RAUCH°, Secretary.

I - UPPER PERU.
By the last courier from Peru, we have receiVed' a copy of The
answer which General Sucre returned to the boasting note of ti e
imperial Brazil commander, which we have inserted in an antc=
rior number. The following is a copy of the answer
" Head Quarters, CHuquisaca, May 11.
" To Senor Manuel Jose Araujo y SilVa; Chief of the troops of
Brazil, on the frontiers of ChiquitoS.
" The note which you addressed to me on the 26th ult. his
just come to my hands. The ComMandint; Ramos, Governor
of Chiquitos, not only wanted powers for any negoitatinn, hitt
had no credentials to enter into relations with a foreign GoVei-
nor. The surrender which he has made to you of the province
is a treason and a perfidy, and you Have committed•' an unjList
aggression in occupying it. The province of ChiqUitos belong-
ing to their territories, and already placed the liberating
arms, cannot receive other authorities than those sent it by the
legitimate Government.
I cannot persuade myself that you have orders froth the
. Government of Brazil for the invasion which you have Made,
and your conduct in marching to take possession by a usurp-
ation of this part of the country, withoUt declaringwar •or pub-
lishing any explanation, is the most Scandalous' vibiatidtrOf
the rights and the laws of nations; which we will not quietly •
suffer.

" Our Government desires the maintenance of peace, and'of
the strictest friendship between the Governments' of South •
America : but it fears war from no quarter. It is only if short
time since it humbled 18,000 soldiers of its proudast•enetny„
and its armies are disposed to make themselies be respected, •
and 'to chastise injustice. , .
" Itherefore.order the Commandant of Santa Cruz, itymistto
vat evacuate the province of Chiquitos; to march against you, ,
and not to satisfy himself with freeing our frontier, but 'to pe-
netrate into the territory which declares itself our enemy; 'to
avenge our country, and to answer to your insolerit note; and
the atrocious war which you have threatened, by carrying de- -
solation, terror, and death tieforg us.
• "

" I reserve to myself the right of complaining to the Court
of Brazil.

" ANTONIO 'JOSE SUCRE."
JULY 13.
tiff PottTA/IIT:
•
In the Sitting of thellall of Represen'tativ'esof the llthcurt.
the folloivirtg note of the GoVernMent was 'read '
‘4 BiiErOri-Ailtsts; Jttix. li
" &tier Representatives=-Itealans of irreSislA
dieltiorhent„ and conviction of the generosity of your
titrients; determined' the Government of the'PoVince to
cept the ploovisiOnal charge of the national? executive authority,
which was confided to it by article 7 of the fundarnennil
Which was Unit& your consideration. time which hgs
since elapsed has, however, proved tlikt the best interests, of
the yroVince would be compromised; without 'any advantage to
the national cause, by the continuance of - this' priArrsional
charge. Te defence of the province required to be exilds,ively
attended' to. It is necessary to put, in motion all possible
'theairi-Whieh' may contributLkto its prosperity, and to.reni.ove,
every circumstance whith might tend to weaken the iihion.w!th
other- fraternal provinces. It is therefore indispensable and,
urgent, that the army of the national executive,power Should
be completely separate froni thy Provisiontil 'CoVemmeni.--
The external and internal security of this Provinee, as-vrell as
the progressive augmentation of its resources; pave: : vast inliu-
'ence on the consolidations and 'power of the nation'i and "_tfils
.presents another and Veil decisive reason. wit y tfk doveiiiin;nt
should not have iti attention 'drawn from' those duties: crn r
these considerations, the Goverrancnt pow addresiheitieli teo
the National Congress, praying to be relleyed"froin the national
executive authority; in the' terms' set: fbrfii'. in, the 'subjoined
U
dOcuMent; The overrunent he rpes that this 'preposition will,
' he adopted, as' also that it' will be found to pave deserved
the apprublitiOn of the Representatives of the Province of
Buenos Ayres.
JLTAN'GREGOItIO:I).E,I;II.S' HER. S.'
" NIANIJEL JOSE'QSRCIA." , ,
(Kota arTruttv TO IX TIM InitCEDING CON)II.I2iI-
CATIbIe) "
"
• it The GOverninent of Riitaos ilyr4s,
,Which, ; b aitAle
of the Fundamental
Law, vitgii`k dra
oVlsrvially rged IVithTrhe
Ilinetions orthe naiiiirtal 'executive, yielded. to Vie ciretrniitances
of the naom'enri
and'ha'disehareetl those'functions until tl)e
-
t
present time, rendering an account to the Honourable Hall of
• tte' Representatives
Pt
sttinieintatitve(l. 6 °his province,tO till* consideration that -
liv was But the experience 'whieli the dovernßent
has since then acquired, as well as its increasing duties render