The Sun.
London, England, 1831-05-09 00:00:00

SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS

On Friday, Yorkshire returned four reformers.
The anti-reformers in all parts of that great county
bear no proportion to the reformers. Warwickshire,
which used to be the focus of Toryism, returns six
reformers—the county, Warwick, and Coventry.
" To the eternal disgrace of the county of War-
wick," says the John Bull, " its six Members will
be radicals ! !" In Northamptonshire, Lord Althorp
and Milton head the Tory candidates considerably,
and ore sure of success. In Cumberland, Sir James
Graham and Mr. 131amire are greatly ahead of the
Anti-Iteform candidate, and success is certain. In
Essex, Colonel Tyrell has not the slightest chance;
on Saturday he was far below Mr. Wellesley. It,
some of the small counties the anti-reformers will be
able to return one Member. Westmorland, which

weed to be altogether Tory, return; one reformer.
In Huntingdonshire one reformer only has been
started; he is sure to succeed. But if two Reform
candidates had been started, they would have been

returned. In Dorsetshire, we understand that Mr.
Calcraft has obtained promises from more than two-
thirds of the freeholders. In spite of all the intimi-
dation resorted to by the supporters of his opponent,
be is sure to succeed. We understand, at Cerne
Abbas, the steward and attorney of Lord Rivers
threatened to remove the, tenants of his Lordship
who bad pledged themselves to vote for Mr. Cal-
craft. In Leicester-hire Mews. Paget and Phillips
have driven Lord Manners and Mr. Keck from the
field. Everywhere, in short, we have either con.
quered, or are conquerisig. We trust that W,rces-
tershire will not prove an exception. The \Voices-
tershire freeholders in Birmingham are exerting
themselves strenuously in support of the Reform
candidates, Foley and Spencer. There are not u
few Worcestershire freeholders in the metropolis.
They will not, we hope, be found insensible to the
claims upon them at this crisis. We regret to perceive
that the Marquis of Chatoloa is still high on the poll
in Buckinghamshire. It is said that the Marquis of
Chandos is personally popular. Surely a re on
like this will not weigh with the 'men of
Buckinghamshire. All the other Home Coun-
ties have returned, or will return, reformers,
and it would be strange if I3uckinghamshre obtain
the bad distinction of neutraliz'ng its representation,
by returning a Reformer and Anti-Reformer. Thus
in all the large and rich counties, the Reformers have
returned both Members, in all the great marts of
commerce, and manufacturing towns, Reform can-
didates have been returned. In a few counties
only, the Ant-Reformers have succeeded in return-
ing one Member; and if all these circumstances do
not prove that the sense of the nation is decidedly
in favour of Reform, we know not the meaning of
evidence. Our cotemporary (the Standard) seems
to think what is taking place in Worcestershire, a
proof of the unpopularity of the Reform Bill. "In
Worcestershire the Lion. Captain Spencer, brother
to the Noble Chancellor of the Exchequer, is re-
ceiving a lesson on the unpopularity of the Revolu-
tion Bill." Notwithstanding the wealth at the
command of the Anti-Reformers in that county, the
victory, we trust, will be to the Reformers. This
boast ought to stimulate every Reformer to wipe
away from Worcestershire the foul reproach of the
Reform Bill being unpopular in it.-3lorning
Chronicle.

It is curious to observe how the small part of the
public press, that is under the influence of the cor-
ruptioniats, endeavours to soften the defeat of its
patrons. Thus a Sunday paper, notoriously sup-
ported by the countenance of the clergy, labours to
persuade its readers that the " Ministerial Radicals
(meaning his Majesty's Government) ire enjoying
their triumph by means of brute force." It has
been observed, that although, in one or two in-
stances, that are to be deeply regretted, disturbances
have existed, yet, upon the whole, no general elec-
tion can be remembered during which there has
been so little disorder. The populace understand
the importance of the appeal, made by the King to
the nation, and have viewed the proceedings with
the serious interest that is due to it. The Paper in
question furnishes in its own columns, in the adver-
tisement of the candidate who stands as the op-
ponent of the Bill, a complete refutation of this in-
jurious insinuation. Colonel Tyrell's Committee,
after importuning the electors to come to the poll,
add, by way of inducement, that there is " no truth
in the report that the voters are exposed to per-
sonal injury or annoyance." Notwithstanding, how-
ever, this assurance, the freeholders of Essex came
up in such numbers on Saturday, in favour of the
principle of Reform, that no doubt can be entertained
of that county fully participating in the general sen-
timent that is prevalent throughout the kingdom ;
and the return of Mr. Western and Mr. Wellesley
may be considered as secured.—Morning Chronicle

We proceed with the all-absorbing subject of the
elections. Our predictions of decisive success will,
WA have no doubt, be realized. Even the Scotch
elections are not without promise, and the Irish elec-
tions go on well. Wales is coming forward with a
readiness which will disappoint those who mistook
the via inertia of that ancient and firm-minded
people for mere stupid obstinacy. The Ancient
Britons will now, as ever, resist any attempt or,
their rights and liberties, and with that sound judg-
ment which belongs to them they see that the men
who are now ranting about revolution are in fact the
real revolutionists; for what can more certainly pro-
duce revolution than the blind and ferocious oppo-
sition which the Anti-reformers exhibit against the
benevolent and constitutional project for purifying
our repre4entation and cutting away the frightful
ulcers which are destroying the moral and poll-
tical health of the nation ? In addition to the
places which we have before mentioned, where
the Welsh have shown good fight, we have to
notice the county of Pembroke, where a Reformer
has started in the person of an excellent descendant
of the house of Greville. The Hon. R. Fulke Gre-
vine, whose very name is associated with generou-
and enlightened principles, recalling, as it does, the
noble friendship between his ancestor and Sir Philip
Sidney, comes into the field with pretensions worthy
of his origin. He is a Reformer. He is opposed.
By whom ? By Sir John Owen, a gentleman of
whose personal character we have nothing to say,
but whose public pretensions we should be puzzle,'
to discover. He was formerly Mr. Lord, the Tub-
man of the Exchequer : and by an accident not
worth describing, he succeeded to property confer-
ring an influence which neither his origin nor his
talents could have created for him. The question
is, will the high-minded Welshmen select for their
repre•entative this " new man," who shows his love
Of ancestry merely by the support of ancient abuses,
when they have the opportunity of choosing a mat.
whose birth is as high as his spirit,—whose prin-
ciples are as pure as his blood ? In the English
counties all is going on well. Lord Robert Man-
ners has resigned the contest for Leicestershire, and
Lord Charles Manners for the county of Cambridge,
leaving to the Reformers the undisputed posses-
sion of two counties which, from their situation
for the last fifty years, had almost precluded every
hope of our seeing them represented by indepen-
dent gentlemen. The Duke of Rutland has hither-
to enjoyed such full dominion over the Leicester-
shire and Cambridgeshire voters, as to afford
his Grace's nominees a complete assurance of being
returned to Parliament at hibidclig. He exer-
cised therein a power no lesßseuasnurestiboned than that
of his cousin the Duke of Beaufort throughout the
greater portion of the wide district Gloucester-
shire to the bay of Swansea. In one respect the
downfall of the house of Manners is lesse tsirte and
immediate than that of the house of Somerset,
be-
cause the former Tory family retains its influencence
in close corporate towns of Scarborough and Cam-
bridge whereas the Sornersets have been defeated
as well in their boroughs as their counties. It
no doubt a subject of just personal concern with
many individuals, and we do not deny that it may
be so pretty extensively in the neighbourhoods of
the noble persons thus sent without cereTony. to
the wall, that such disappointment and mortification
should hare befallen them. The Somersets and

Mannerses are for the most part good landlords, as
we have been informed, and, with the exception
here and there, the greater number of them
ippear to be esteemed as members of society.—
The force, therefore, with which the Reform spirit
acts throughout the country may be the better
appreciated, from its not suspending its relent-
less power even on behalf of those who might at
other times have been objects of just partiality with
large classes of electors. It will be no bad lesson to
these grandees, when they come to reflect upon the
circumstances which have dealt so rudely with their
Ipride, that they henceforth have different accom-
plishments to cultivate from those which recommend
I and assist the fortunes of a courtier. If they here-
' after seek to revive their influence in the country,
-
they must do so by a steady pursuit of the public
welfare, to the utter disdain and exclusion of those
mere personal and sordid ends to which the efforts
of the English oligarchy have been hitherto in a
great degree perverted, and the constant connivance
at and preference of which, over the most conspi-
cuous merits and mo't solid services of unconnected
men, has been the shameful price exacted by this
same oligarchy from the Minister of the day for
whatever aid or countenance it afforded him. In
truth, one clear consequence of the reform of Parlia-
ment will be, the ttecessary improvement of the
higher orders of the aristocracy ; that they may be
eiribled, by their individual talents and characters, to
meet that competition of the inferiorranks, from which
the sleepy monopoly of corporate privileges, added to
the active power or distributing Ministerial patronage,
cannot any longer protect them. In Dorsetshire,
it will be seen that Mr. Bankes's position is
vigorously assaulted by the liberal Members, Mes-rs.
Portman ant' Calcraft. It would be no small satis-

'action to the friends of real public spirit, and advo-
cates of popular right, to see the hollow pretendor
to both, well rebuked by the intelligence of an af-
fluent and important county. The scandalous out-
rages which were perpetrated at the nomination of
candidates for Dorsetshire, and of which we have
given elsewhere a brief report, are alluded to in
Mr. Calcraft's letter, which we also publish. Such
brutal expedients for covering the humiliation of
a certain defeat, cannot, of course, be ascribed to the
direct suggestions of Mr. Bankes or his immediate
family, or to those of any person bearing the name
and attr,butes of a gentleman. But let the employ-
ment of those bludgeoned bravoes be the work of this
or that individual, it indicates the presence of a ruined
cause ; and as such it will mingle no small degree
of gratification with the anger and disgust which it
inspires into a civilized community. In Oxford.
shire, Major Weyland will be at the head of the
poll, but the Harcourt-party must act cordially with
him, in order to secure a speedy as well as decisive
triumph. Warwickshire, we are happy to say, is
moving onward, as all hearty patriots would desire.
We mention, only to treat with utter scorn, a report
which we are aware has been eagerly circulated for
some days past by the Tories,—that Ministers mean
to delay the introduction of the Reform Bill into the
new Parliament until late in the autumn ! Very
likely, to be sure, that Lord Grey would expose
himself to the slanderous suspicion of having hurried
the rricasure into a hostile Parliament for the sake
of having it thrown out, and withheld it from a
friendly Parliament for fear it should be carried I
No, gentlemen, no : this will not deceive even the
dullest member of Boodle's.-7'inaes.
The scandalous exhortations to violence and
murder that have appeared in the " Reform" Jour-
nals are producing their effect. To the eternal dis-
grace and utter condemnation of the cause, savage
ferocity and the most cowardly violence are the
means adopted to promote its success, in almost
every district where the opportunity presents itself.
These we are told are the days of knowledge and
reason ; "Reform," as it is called, must be conceded
to the intelligence and enlightened spirit of the
present age. Then, we say, let the trial be made;
appeal to this intelligence, this enlightenment, and
we will abide by its decision. The intelligence of
this nation is such as to appreciate at their true
value the shallow sophistry and vain conceits which
the philosophers, the doctrinaires, presume to hold
forth as the perfection of wisdom ; the nation
will have none of them. A consciousness of this
is the stimulus of the revolutionists, who hope
to turn the modern philosophy to good account.
The experiments it suggests offers an opportunity
not to be neglected for the promotion of their own
ends, and in the attempt to act upon the new philo-
sophical theory, they see the ultimate attainment of
them. The most brutal passions of which human
nature is capable are therefore everywhere excited,
to ensure, if possible, in the first place, the success
of " the Bill, the whole Bill, and nothing but the
Bill." That step gained, the way to the utter sub-
version of every existing institution in the country
will be comparatively clear and open. That such
would be the case, all experience, and mere expe-
cially the present example of France, conclusively
demonstrates. The doctrinaires have in that country
accomplished the utmost extent of their wishes;
but will any man presume to as'ert that they can
maintain themselves at that point to which they
have advanced ? Was there ever a political sys-
tem so unstable as that of France at the pre-
sent moment ? The popular cry now is, "We
accomplished the revolution, we shed our blood, not
for Louis Philippe, not for his Ministers or his sys-
tem, but for ourselves, and for the general welfare."
Such is the language of the popular Journals of last
Thursday and Friday ; language now held with
more earnestness than ever ; language which
will infallibly be re-echoed by the revolutionists
here. " Our terrors, our violence, carried the
electious ; to us you owe your existence as Mi-
nisters; we have gained the victory, and have
the right to dictate the use that shall be made of
it." In addition to the accounts that have already
appeared from various parts, we now direct atten-
6on to the scenes that have been exhibited at
Wigan and Dorchester; let any honest patriot look
ro these atrocities in connection with those perpe-
trated at Boston, Plymouth, Banbury, &c. and say
what is to be expected as the result of a measure
brought forward under such auspices and supported
by such means. Besides the full accounts given in
another column, we have received a letter from Dor-
chester, which says :

" 1 write in great haste merely to say that the nomina-
tion meeting has been dissolved by the High Sheriff on ac-
v ount of riot,' without coming to any decision. The
fight was in truth a severe one. A whole troop of Yeo-
manry was brought against Mr. Banker's friends, who were
all on foot. This has naturally excited great indignation."
We entreat the attention of the freeholders of
the county to this disgraceful proceeding, and trust
that, as they value the freedom of election, they
will, whatever may be their political opinions indi-
vidually, at least be unanimous in resisting a repe-
tition of such intimidation. Notwithstanding this
impediment thrown in the way of the High Sheriff
in the performance of his duty, by a cowardly attack
on the peaceful supporters of Mr. Bankes, we are
happy to find, that though unprepared to resist the
organised force of an armed band, they formed a
large majority of the freeholders present ; and that
notwithstanding the adherents of Mr. Calcraft may
succeed in disturbing the peace of the county, his
attempt to turn out this old representative will be
as futile as it is audacious.—Morning Post.
We stated yesterday (Friday) that our present
exellent Lord Chancellor had, in more than one in-
stance, preferred clergymen holding high Tory po-
litics, while scarcely a single Whig had been ad-
,aticed in the Church. In making this remark we
did not intend to blame Lord Brougham, being sa-
tisfied that he was actuated by the desire of show-
ing to the world what is in reality the fact—namely,
that he is utterly incapable of dispensing the pa-
tronage placed at his disposal in the selfish spirit of
a mere sectarian or partisan. Lord Brougham and
his colleagues, no doubt, gave those political op-
ponents, whom they have preferred both in Church
and State, credit for virtues which, by this time,
they have found they do not possess. They ima-
kned that they would be actuated by something like
gratitude, and, at any rate, that those who hare

been allowed to retain office, as well as those who
have been promoted to it, would not employ the
influence of that office, whether lay or clerical,
in the destruction of their patrons' power, and
in the protection of tyranny and corruption. In act-
ing as the Ministers have hitherto done we do not
blame them ; they have given their political oppe-
!rents, both in Church and State, a fair trial, and
they have found them wanting. Henceforward, we
have no doubt, they will keep no terms with theirs
and the people's enemies—the partisans and adhe-
rents of the boroughmongers must be taught to feel
that they are powerless. It is impossible to conci-
liate them with kindness. They have been so long
the habit of domination that it is become a part
of their very nature. It is force, and force alone, by
Nhich they can be subdued. To be rendered harm.
less, they must be deprived of the possession of all
power. The Carlists of France are not more bitter,
more inveterate enemies of the people, titan the
boroughmongers of England, and it is impossible for
the friends of liberty in either country to keep terms
with them without endangering, if not destroying,
their cause. An Evening Paper, the Standard, pro-
fesses to take the field, for the purpose of defending
the Chancellor against the charge, which, says our
contemporary, the likening Herald has brought
against him. We need scarcely say, that we utterly
disdain the idea of bringing any charge against Lord
Brougham. The Standard does not deny, however,
that the Lord Chancellor has preferred Tory Clergy-
men, but asserts that they alone " possess learning,
piety, diligence, and attachment to the interests of
the Church ;" an assertion which is entitled to just
as much credit as the following statement, which
we extract as a curious specimen of newspaper in-

FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE.

FRENCH PAPERS.

(From the Messager des Chambres of Saturday.)

PARIS, MAY 6.---We find the following in the

Ptecurseur de Lyons : We have reason to men-
don with doubt the reports that were spread re-
specting the accession of the Prince of Carignan to
the throne of Sardinia. They are wholly at
variance with a letter from Turin of April 30, of
which the following are the contents :
" APRIL, 30, 1831.—The accession of
Charles Albert to the throne has been effected im-
mediately, and without the least commotion. It
appears that Austria reckoned on some troubles, for
it has placed along our frontiers a numerous army.
The King has taken up his residence is the great
Palace. His time is wholly taken up in giving
audiences, and in the most serious occupations. "

(Front the Moniteur of Friday.)

PARIS, MAY s.—The capitulation 3 of the Swiss
regiments in the service of France, abolished by the
revolution of July, left behind them matters to be

regulated, a liquidation to be made, and engage-
ments to be arranged. This was one of the prin-
cipal objects of the mission of M. Baron de St.
Aignaud to the Swiss Confederation.
These capitulations, in which the Government of
the Restoration had engaged with the Cantons, se-
cured, as is well known, such advantages to th
Swiss regiments, that the expense which they
caused to the War Department would have sufficed
for the support of almost double the number of
national troops.
The first object of the negociation therefore was,
to reduce to more moderate rates the pensions to
which the disbanded regiments might be entitled,
which had in their ranks soldiers of our ancient army.
A point no less essential was to maintain the good
understanding which has for many centuries united
Switzerland to France, and not to lessen the sym-
pathy between the two people, which is always ne-
cessity. A spirit of strict, but liberal, justice was
necessary in this whole negociation. This was the
intention of the King, because it was the interest of
the country. We have the satisfaction of learning
that the Baron de St. Aignaud has worthily accom-
plished the mission which was so well suited to his
frank and conciliating character.
A treaty was concluded on the 22d of April last,
at J.ucern, between the Plenipotentiary of the King
of the French and the Commissioners of the Helvetic
Federal Diet—a treaty by which the capitulations
of 1816 are revoked, legal rights recognised, and
consecrated according to the regulations and military
tariffs of France—a treaty, in short, which recon-
ciles all the respective interests.
Such acts but too often show in some of their
arrangements the inequality of the strength of the
contracting parties. The Swiss Commissioners,
after the signing of the present treaty, had, on the
contrary, only to acknowledge without reserve the
perfect equity which has directed all the conditions.
(From the illessa§er des Chambres of yesterday.)
TOULON, APRIL 30.—(Correspondence of the
Messager.)—Orders have just been received for
discontinuing the armament of the ship Superbe and
the frigate Bellone.
The reason assigned for this decision is the spe-
cial state of affairs in Great Britain, and the positive
intention of the Government of that country to
place itself at the head of Reform, the inevitable
result of new ideas, which gain ground notwith-
standing the numerous obstacles which have been
opposed to their progress. England adopting, even
in a more open manner than ourselves, the broad
principles of our revolution, there can be no possi-
bility of any maritime war taking place; and France
and England marching under the same banners, all
the Potentates of the earth must lower their flag
before ours, which will henceforth be a signal for
the emancipation of nations.

vention :
" We have heard a gwid anecdote of the Lord Chan..
cellor upon this subject, which, as it tells to the honour of
both his judguseut and impartiality, we hope to be true.
It will be remembered that he was called somewhat unex-
' pectedly to his high station, and the third day after his
accession to the Woolsack the vacancy of some donative
Church livings being announced, his Lordship is said to have
addressed a Right Rev. Prelate in the following terms :
My Lord, pray you give tne a list of such of your Clergy,
and of such Clergymen generally, as you think best de-
serving of promotion—piety, holiness of life, learning, and
long service, are of course the recommendations to which
we look; but I would wish particularly to be acquainted
with the claims of those whom you consider the Tory
Clergy. As for the Whigs, though not now 72 hours in
office, I had yesterday laid before me the pretensions of every
Whig, lay and cleric, within the four seas.'"--Morning
Herald.

The anti-Reformers have fled, or are flying, in all
directions—they are either defeated in almost every
quarter from which they confidently expected sup-
port, or in progress of beimg defeated. There is no
abode for them any where—no resting place to be
found for them as a body—no dry land on which
they can set their feet; and to add to the misery of
the present, they sec the storm gathering around
them which is to sweep them for ever from the face of
the country, and purify it from the corruptions which,
by ages of mismanagement, they have inflicted upon
it. The analytical table, which we publish in ano-
ther part of this day's paper, shows by its results a
clear majority to the cause of Reform of no fewer
than 50 votes, and a clear gain, comparing the new
with the old Parliament, of 94 ! These important
facts are confessed in grief and indignation by the
anti-Reform Press ;—and loudly as we and others
may have denounced the return of anti-Reformers,
our voice has been "still, small," and gentle, corn-
pared with the howlings set up, and the execrations
vented, by the boroughmongers against those of their
tribe who have found themselves under the necessity
of resigning a hopeless contest, and withdrawing
rom a scene where they had no supporters.
" It is useless," says a Sunday paper, " to attempt to
conceal what all the world knows, and all the world must
know—that the Tories have been beaten in almost every
contest. At Carlisle, Colonel Luahington—in Newark,
Sir Roger Greal,y—in Colchester, Sanderson, the Bill-
broker, by Mayhew, the Vintner—in Sandwich, Glove
Price—in Maidstone, Alderman Winchester—in Liver-
pool, General Gascoyne—iss Monmouth, the Marquis of
Worcester—in Warwick, Greville--in Norwich, Weth-
erell. Every where almost the Anti-Reform men and
Anti-Reform interests hare been beaten. This, however,
is not the worst. If two people fight, one must get a
beating, but he has the satisfaction of showing that he
thought well of his party—that he did not despair of the
cause in which he had embarked. But what shall we say
of the flight and the desertion of those who do not try__
who yield without a blow ? What shall we say of Sir
Edward Knatelibull's yielding of Kent—Hart Davis's
flight from Bristol—William Duncombe from Yorkshire
—Patten Bold from Lancashire—Sir John R. Reid
from Dover—Lord Villiers from Rochester—Matthew Bell
from Northumberland—Heathcote and Fleming from
Hampshire—Ward from London—what shall we siy of
it, we repeat? Why that rank cowardice has taken pos-
session of one party, and that the reign of terror is tri-
umphant."
Now we must do the anti-reform candidates the
justice of observing, that we do not consider them
amenable to the charge of " cowardice," here put
forth against them, and that cowardice had nothing
to do with the matter. It was dire necessity that
compelled their flight—it was the distinct and well-
ascertained feeling by their Committees that they
had no chance, and not any fear for their persons,
nor yet much for their purses. They measured the
ground—they mustered their forces, arid finding
that an encounter was hopelees,they wisely considered
" discretion to be the better part of valour, and
retired from a field from which they would have
irretrievably been beaten. In Ireland the cause of
Reform is equally triumphant as in this country;
and we doubt not that, in the course of a week,
we shall have to report to our readers not a
majority of fifty, but of more nearly 150 ! From
Scotland, which may be not unfairly set down
as one great close borough, the accounts are
not so favourable; nor could any one have anti-
cipated them to be favourable who knows the real
state of the representation of that part of the king-
dom, and the very little—the less than nothing in-
deed—which the people have to do with it.
.Even.
there, however, difficult as the task is, a spirit is
abroad which cannot fail to produce a beneficialin-
fluence on the elections; and where no successful
opposition can be got up for the present, prepara-
tions are making to oust the Anti-Reformers at the
next election, and return in their stead men pledged
to the reform of abuses and to retrenchment. Thus
then has another week commenced as auspiciously
as the last closed for the cause of Reform. The
King called upon his people to fulfil their pledges to
support the Reform Bill ; and nobly have they re-
deemed them !—Morning Advertiser.

(From the Quolidienne of Saturday.)
There have been received to-day, by the way of
Vienna, the most circumstantial details relative to
the affair at Dubno on the 18th ultimo,between the
Polish division under Dwernicki, the same that en-
tered Volhynia, and the corps under General Rudi-
ger. The Poles who had crossed the Styr, have
been driven beyond that river, so that their position
must be rather critical, as it seems to be the general
opinion that Dwernicki has no other chance of escape
on the Austrian frontier but to cur his way through
the principalities, and place himself under the pro-
tection of the Porte. Whatever may be his deter-
mination, one fact is clearly proved—namely, that
he found new partizans in Volhynia, and that every
attempt at insurrection must fail in that province.

(From the National.)
The Consul of France, at Lisbon, arrived on
Tuesday morning in Paris.

(From the Courier Francais of Saturday.)
The persons to whom the cross of July were
awarded met to-day at eleven o'clock, to the number
of upwards of a thousand, in the hall of the Grande
Chaumiere, in the Passage du Saumon.
M. Etienne Arago, the Secretary, submitted the
following act, drawn up by the Commission, for the
approbation of the Assembly That to recog-
nize the right of Government to impose any obliga-
tion whatsover, not sanctioned by the law of De-
cember 13, 1830, would be a recognition of its
right to modify the law in an arbitrary manner. That
these words, " given by the King," would alter the
nature of the decoration, which would cease to be a
national recompense, and become a Royal favour."

(From Gaiignani's Messenger of S.►turday.)
A. letter of the 14th ult., from St. Petersburgh,
after mentioning the strong sensations produced in
that capital by the insurrection in Lithuania, and the
popularity of the war against the Poles, adds that
the army of Marshal Diebitsch will be trebled ere
long. the Minister of War is charged by the
Emperor to organize in person an army of reserve of
150,000 men, and lead it into Poland.
The Messager des C'hambres contains the follow-
ing extract of a letter, of the Ist instant, from
Forbach :--" The Mentz Gazette announces, it is
said, a revolt at Treves. The tri-coloured flag has
been hoisted, and 6,000 Prussians had thrown down
their arms, shouting Liberty for ever !' You will
easily conceive that such intelligence needs con-
firmation, and that in transmitting it I am only re-
peating the rumours of the neighbourhood."
We learn from Bologna that the first Report of
the Military and Counter-Revolutionary Commis-
mission was presented to Cardinal Appizzoni on the
25th ult., from which it appears that 185 persons
are condemned to death ; 238 to perpetual impri-
sonment and confiscation; 105 to banishment and
confiscation, and upwards of 300 to imprisonment.
Letters from Madrid represent the Spanish Mi-
nistry, and particularly M. Ballasteros, to have been
disconcerted by the resolution of the French Cham-
ber of Deputies on the petition presented by the
holders of the Cortes Bonds.

We are requested to state that the Harrow
speeches will henceforth take place on the first Wednesday
in hle, and the first Wednesday in July, which will fall
this year on the Ist of June and the 6th of July. The
Harrow dinner will always take place on the first Satur-
day after the first speech day. The Harrow dinner this
year will be on Saturday, the 4th of June.

A private letter from Geneva, of the 30th ult.
says—According to reports in circulation to-day the
cause of the Prince de Carignan is far from being
triumphant. The new King confines himself to
the citadel, surrounded by a numerous and faithful
guard. It is at Rivoli, and not at Genoa, that the
Queen Dowager is detained. The statements that
the Commandant of the fortress of Alexandria bad
oined the Duke of Modena are confirmed.

The Foudrollant, 80, was commissioned at
Plymouth on Wednesday by Captain CURRIE; and Cap-
tain CURZON joined the Caledonia►.

DR. PARIS'S LIFE OF SIR 1-1174IPHEY
DAVY.—Of this valuable work, of which a second and
much cheaper edition in octavo has just appeared, a con-
temporary very justly observes that " as a record of the
illustrious philosopher's progress in science, and of the
many glorious discoveries which, for the benefit of his fel-
low creatures, were, from time to time, made by him, the
present work is inestimable. Of individuals to whom sye
are so largely indebted as we are to Davy—whose investi-
gations have not only thrown light into the hidden recesses
of science, but rendered even our familar comforts more
enjoyable and perfect, we desire to know every,—nay even
the smallest particular—to watch them step by step in
their glorious, but noble toil,—and to see how they bear
themselves in those private moments of careless life when
they descend from their " heaven of invention" and mix
in the ordinary pursuits and recreations of common men.
This most interesting picture of DAVY in his various
moods, is admirably drawn by Dr. Penis, whose un-
doubted fitness for the task is rendered more complete by
the aid of the philosopher's correspondence and other
paper', confided to his use by Lady Wont,"

It is reported that all the French officers belong-
ing to the corps stationed on the Northern frontiers,
now at Paris, on leave of absence, have received the
most imperative orders to join their regiments im-
mediately, and many of them have already set out.
--Constitutionnel.

The Swabian Mercury announces that the Court-
martial appointed to try the individuals who took
part in the recent disturbances at Dresden, have pro-
nounced judgment, by which one of them, an advo-
cate, is condemned to imprisonment for life; two
advocates, two merchants, and a coffee-house-
keeper, severally to twelve years ; and a tinman, a
gilder, a haberdasher, and a distiller, to ten years.

COURT OF ASSIZES.-- s ITTING OF MAY 6.
M. Roqueplan appeared to take his trial, as editor
of the .?Vgaro, for an article inserted on the 21st ult.,

intitled " Chambre des Deputes—Seance quasi
Royale," which was prosecuted as an insult to the
King and the Royal Family.
The proceedings opened with the usual interroga-
tories of the accused, who admitted himself to be the
editor of the Figaro—declared that he was not the
writer of the article, but declined naming the real
author, and took upon himself all the responsibility
of its publication.

In the course of the examination the following
series of questions and answers passed between the
President and H. Rogneplan :—Q. What riband is
that you wear at your button-hole ? A. It is that
of the Cross of July.—Q. Have you taken the
oath ? A. No, Sir ; but my name is upon the list
published in the .3foniteur, and I conceived I was
warranted in taking it before I had taken the oath. I
am also held out in this by precedeni—the Members
of the Legion of Honour are accustomed to put on
the riband before they have taken the oath, and I
did not expect greater rigour would be shown with
regard to the Cross of July than to that of the
Legion of Honour.—Q. I do not mean to be more
strict with regard to the Cross of July ; but th.•
law enjoins that no functions shall be exercised, nor
any insignia worn, before the oath is taken. A. I
had not the slightest intention of infringing the law,
and if my wearing the riband of July can in any
degree be imputed to me us an offence, I will imme-
diately take it off.
Upon this M. Dupont, Counsel for the prisoner,
rose and said—lf my client is to be reproached for
having worn the riband of July, without having
taken the oath, I will instantly attach mine to my
button-hole, because I cannot believe that any insignia
granted by the nation has need of the sanction of an
oath to the King.
M. Persil, the Procureur-General then interfered,
and said—Without entering al/ further into the
question whether M. Roqueplan has or has not the
right to wear his riband, without having taken the
oath to the King, I require that what has passed on
the subject may be entered upon the minutes of the
proceedings.

- The Jury returned a verdict of Not Guilty. M.
Roqueplan was immediately discharged.
PARIS, MAY 7.—BOURSE, FOUR O'CLOCK.—The
Funds have fallen one franc to-day, in consequence,
as is said, of the meeting held yesterday by the
Decorcs of July.
A report prevailed on 'Change of a victory gained
by the Poles over the Russians on the 28th April.
The French elections were expee*d to commerce
in the first week of June. The King of France had
retired for the season to St. Cloud, where he was
employed reviewing the National Guards of the
neighbourhood. He has had the ill-luck to involve
himself in a controversy about the motto of the
star for the heroes of July, which will add a little
to the party excitement of which Paris is always
the focus. At a fully attended meeting on Friday,
the persons to whom the decorations of the Order
of July have been accorded, were unanimous in re-
fusing to accept them in the form and manner di-
rected by the King.

The Warsaw Gazelle of the 26th of April, states,
in a postscript, the following important news :
" Yesterday we received the news that General
Dwernicki had obtained a victory over the corps of
General Rudiger at Luck, on the river S!yr, in
Volhynia. In this brilliant affair he took 12 pieces
of cannon, and d large number of prisoners, among
whom it is said is the Russian Commander. A
whole pulk of Cossacks were drowned in the river,
and the remainder of this Russian corps was cut to
pieces, or put to flight; so that Rudiger's corps
may be said to be annihilated. The details of this
brilliant affair are hourly expected." The Journal
assigns as a reason for their not having arrived
earlier, the interruption of the Polish line of com-
munication on the right bank of the Vistula, owing
to the defeat of the other division of the Polish
corps of observation under General Sierawski, near
Wron ow.

" Respecting Dwernicki's movement•, however,
our letters from Vienna by this despatch, which are
to the 29th ult., give us further intelligence. Offi-
cial reports of his operations had been received there
on the previous day from Delemberg. After tie
check which this hardy partisan had received on the
18th, he repassed the right bank of the Styr, at
Berestecks, on the 21st nit., and entered Radzillow
on the urns day with 4,000 men ; he proceeded on
that evening on the road towards Krzemenie, and
occupied that town with his advanced guard. From
the Vienna ne.vs, therefore, it is highly probable
that Dwernieki bad fought a battle with General
Rudiger upon the 22d or 23d of April, on the fron-
tiers of Gallicia.

" The lVarsuw State Gazette announces the re-
ceipt of favourable news from the province of
Augustow. Major Pussett had delivered three dis-
tricts of that province, and embodied a corps of near
5,000 men. Gabriel Oginaki was marching against
the Russian Guards, at the head of a levy of 15,000
men. The Russian Guards, or a part of them, had
left Lomza for Lithuania on the 121 h. Some French
officers had arrived and joined the Polish army.
"By accounts from Milan, we learn that the head-
quarters of General Frimont are again established in
t hat city. Parma is restored to perfect tranquillity;
yet the last hulf-yearly dividend of the public debt
has not been paid, though due in the middle of
March, notwithstanding the large sums received
from the fines and extraordinary contributions that
have been levied by the agents of the Duchess.
" We learn from Bologna that ' the first report of
the military and counter-revolutionary commission
was presented to Cardinal Appizzoni on the 25th
ult., from which it appears that 185 persons were
condemned to death ; 238 to perpetual imprison-
ment and confiscation ; 105 to banishment and con-
fiscation; and upwards of 300 to imprisonment for
periods between 5 and 10 years, and to heavy fines.
As Cardinal Mattei is in urgent want of money,
and the faithful subjects of the Pope are disinclined
to supply him, the abettors of the rebellion are com-
pelled to pay in advance the taxes due up to No-
vember next. This measure has occasioned great
discontent, and if carried into execution, even the
presence of the Austrians will not prevent a new
insurrection of the Bolognese.' "

FRENCH FUNDS.-PARIS, MAY 6.-Five per Cents. 691 s(k;
75c. 80c. 90f. 89f. 75c. 85c. 90f. 89f. 80c. 90f. 90f. lec. 891 90c. 9ufl
89f. 90c. 89f. 95c. 90f. 891 90c. 95c. 90c. 80c. 70c. 60c. ; Loan of
1831, 90f. 90f. 10c. 901. ; Four and a Half per Cents. 79f. 791. 50c.
80c.; Four per Cents. 73f. 74f. 50c. ; Three per Cents. 631.25 c.
63f. 63f. sc. 63f. 63r. 30c. 40c. 50c. 631 60c. 65c. 60c. 75c. 50c. 30c.
40c. 25c. 40c. 63f. 50c.; Bank Actions, 1,530 f. ; Neapolitan Rentes,
70f. 69f. 90c. 701. 70f. 30c. 70f. 50c. 40c. 50c. 60c. 50c. 70f. 50c. ;
Spanish Rentes, 14; Royal Spanish Loan, 6554 66 6614 66 65 s
65 Si 65 ; Spanish Perpetuelle Annuities, 5436 55 55,ki 56 50, 57
57% 58 58}i 14 57% Si 57 561 a 5655% S. 56 ; Haitian Loan, 11751.
Exchange on London-One Month, money, 2.5 f. 15c. ; Three
Months, money, .5f.-fours Authentique.

LAW INTELLIGENCE.
Co URT OF KING'S BENCH, MAY 7.
CRIMINAL INFORDIATION.-EX-PARTS TIM DUNE Or

FRENCH FUNDS-PARIS, ALLY 7.-Five per Cents., 891.
20c. 10c. 891. 68f. 95c. 89f. 88f. 90c. 89f. eBf. 90c. 891. 881 90c.
891. Stit 90c. 801- 881. 95c. 80c. 90c. 60c. 50c. ; Loan of 1831, 891.
89c lOc. 881. 50c. ; Four-and-a-Half per Cents, 79f ; Four per
Cents., 741 10c. ; Three per Cents, 62f. 70c. 45e. 40c. 35c. 40c.
30c. 40c. 60c. 75c. 62f. 70c. 55c. 60c. 70c. 75c. 50c. 60c. 40c. 45c.
62f. 30c. 45c. 35c. ; Bank Stock, 1, 15401., 1,545 f., 1,540 f. ; Rente
de Naples 69f. 50c. 70c. 90c. 70,. 25c. ; Rente d'Espagne, 14 .1:36
14; Royal Spanish Loan, 65% 65; Rente Perpetuelle d'Espagne,
55 54 34 3s 3s i 55 554 55 541,i 55 5414 %55 541( %
m 54 53,4 y ; Haytian Loan, 2750 ; Exchange on London, one
month, money, 25f. 15c. ; three months, ditto, 251.-Cours Au.
thentique.

BEAUFORT.
Sir JAMES SCARLETT applied, on behalf of the Duke of
Beaufort, for a rule to show cause why a criminal infer.'
ination should not be filed against the printer and pub'
fishers of a weekly newspaper, called the Spectator, for
libel on the Duke of Beaufort, inserted in that paper of
the 30th of April last. Before he stated the nature and
purport of the libel, he would briefly lay before their
Lordships the substance of the affidavit made by the Duke
of Beaofort in support of his application. The late Doke
of Beaufort, by his will, directed that two of his younger
sons should be brought up to the Church ; and as he had
the ailvowson of several livings in Monmouthshire, and
other counties in Wales, he directed that they should be
presented to some of these livings, as they became vacant,
when the sons should be capable of undertaking the duties.
This was not very material; but he added that which had
been considered as somewhat questionable; he had by his
will given an annuity of 600/., charged on his estates, to
each of his younger sons, but with directions that, schen
the two sons brought up to the Church should be pro-
vided for by means of these livings, the annuities
should, as to them, cease pro tanto. One of the sons
only was, in fact, brought up to the Church, and he
had been presented to two or three of these livings;
hut a bad been executed by the present Duke of
Beaufort, and his eldest son, the Marquis of Worcester,
securing the continuance of the annuity, notwithstanding
the present it ion to the livings ; and these, and a small living
to which he had been presented by the Lord Chancellor for
the time being, were all that this son held. The Duke of
Beaufort, by his affidavit, denied that he, or any of his fa-
mily, held any sinecure place or pension, or that they re•
ceived any of the public money, except for active service,
and also except the pension enjoyed by Lord Fitzroy Semen-
set, for the loss of an arm at the battle of Waterloo, which
pension was no more than what was allowed by the regula-
tions of the army to officers of his rank who bad lost a limb
in battle. flaying stated this, be would now proceed to read
the paragraph of which the Duke of Beaufort complained;
and from another publication, founded on this, their Lord-
ships would perceive what mischief a statement of this kind
was calculated to do. The paragraph was as follows :—" In
the way of taking counsel, let every reformer commune only
with himself—What can I by myself do to promote the good
cause ? The question answered, let him rush to do that
which strikes him as the best to be done at the moment;
and that thing finished, let him begin another instantly.
The subscription of the great boroughmongers is the
must barefaced piece of profligacy to he found in the
whole history of boroughmongering. Why, the money
subscribed is rightfully the nation's—at least if that
still belongs to a man which has been wrongfully taken
from him ; and it is clear that these .borough Lords
would not have had the money to subscribe unless they had
quartered their brothers and sisters, and mothers, and,
aunts, on tl.e public, as well as, not a few of them, their
mistresses and illegitimate children. Who forgets the
history of the late Duke of Beaufort's will, which may
be seen at Doctors' Commons on payment of a
shilling—
and which charges the estates of the present Duke with
annuities to his brothers, until they shall be better pro-
vided for by Government ? The amount of public money
received by the Somersets, since the late Duke of Beaufort
came of age far exceeds the value of the estates which he
bequeathed to the present Duke." The Duke of Beaufort
stated that all the public money which the Somersets re-
ceived since the late Duke came of a:,,e did not amount to
one year's value of the estates in question.. When such
statements were made in a respectable Newspaper it was
not surprising that it should be followed ny other publica-
tions with more extravagant exaggeration, and accordingly
au address had been published to the freeholders of the
county, with which the Duke was more particularly con-
nected, in which it was stated that the Somersets were
quartered on the taxes to the amount of 43,000/. a year,
and that the public money received by them since the late
Duke came of age, amounted to 720,0001., and that this
was the cause of the present unp iralleled distress.
Lord TEISTERDEN-Take a rule to show cause.

COURT OF EXCHEQUER, Mar 7.
LIBEL-FRENCH F. LAY•"SON.

Mr. HurcHiNsoN opened the pleadings.
Mr. CAMPBELL observed that this was an action
brought against the printer of the Times newspaper, to
recover damages for the injury which the plaintiff's cha-
racter sustained in consequence of a libel published respect-
ing him in that journal. The plaintiff had served twenty
years as an officer in his Majesty's service. He had
been at the bade of 'Waterloo, and was stationed after-
wards in the Army of Occupation at Park In conse-
quence of his regiment being reduced he was put on half-
pay, and about the year 1820 he was elected Master of the
Ceremonies at Margate, which office he filled to the satis-
faction of all those who frequented the balls at that place.
A few years ago he took the Tivoli Gardens, at Margate,
from Mr. Sinclair, a performer, at Drury-lane Theatre,
where he gave entertainments for the public. In the ma-
nagement of these gardens he also gave much satisfaction
until last April, when he felt much surprise on perceiving
that his acquaintances, on meeting him, passed him by
with scornful looks. He at length discovered that this
proceeded from a paragraph which had appeared in
the Times newspaper, stating that the Middlesex
Grand Jury had found a true bill against a gentleman
named Martin French, for sending a letter to Mr. Trot-
ter, the brother-in-law of Mr. Sinclair, the singer,
threatening him with assassination, and the destruction
of their jo,nt property, the Tivoli Gardens, by fire. The
paragraph did not state in what manner the letter had
been traced to Mr. French ; but it added that Mr. Trotter
had been pestered for some time with letters of the same
description, and that they were in a disguised hand. The
Learned Couneet, having read the paragraph at length,
proceeded to say that as no such bill had been found, and
as the defendant had admitted that the statement was un-
founded by pleading the general issue, he hoped the Jury
would give ample damages for the injury which his client's
character had sustained.

Mr. PLATT addressed the Jury for the defendant. After
which,

Mr. Baron BATLEY summed up ; the Jury retired, and,
having deliberated for half an hour, brought in a verdict
for the plaintiff—Damages 40s.

COUNTRY CORN MARKETS.

DURING LAST WEEK.

Wheat. Barley.

Oats.

Beans.

Per Quarter.
Carlisle
Carmarthen
Hexharn.
Murpeth
Penrith
Sheffield
Winchester

S. to S.
ai

Per Bushel.
Coventry --....
Newcastle (Staff.)
Nortliallerton
Statibrd
Swansea
Warwick

s. to S.

33 31
36 40

36
39 43
e. d. s. d.
48 54
60 66
36 46
59 62
46 50
46 50

s. to s.

22 29
22 28
,38
27
23 30
s. d. s. d.
36S 40
46 50
33 40
36 40
26 30
22 26

Per 8011.
BArnardeastle
Durham
Richmond
Stockton

10 6 11 0
90 106
100 106
90 100

s. to 5.
-.-
36 --
50 52
36 42
--

42 46
s. d. s.
sr) 60
59 60
59 6
72 S b
00 00
73 76

86 96
56 79
76 9
64 74

00 110
10 0 11 6
106 120
00 00

WAKEFIELD CORN MARKET.-May 6.
Wheat, Red, Norfolk and Suflblk 58s. 655. to 71s. fine 745.
Lin. and Cam. sBs. 655. to 695. fine 725.
-- Yorkshire 58s. 638. to 665. fine We.
- White 62s. 68s. to 73e. fine 775.
----- Foreign, Red 58s. 648. to 70s. fine 7:35.
White 625. 03s. to 725. fine 768.
Barley, Norfolk and Suffolk
---- Lincolnshire o9s. to 345. fine 380.
--- Yorkshire Wold
Foreign
Beans,
--- New 355. to 395. fine 41s,
Oats, Potato 27s. to 31s. fine 336.
-- Poland -s. 265. to 295. fine 31..
Friezland and Small -s. 245. to 28s. fine 291.
-- Healing l6d. to 15d. per Stone.
Shelling 3ss. to 365. Od. per Load.
Malt 44s. 475. fine 50s. per Load.
Rapeseed

On the 7th inst. the lady Bolf BIRTHS.
ISv. SCOTCH MARKETS.
- Wheat. Barley Oats. I Beans. Oatmeal.
- ...
land-terrace, Regent's-park, of a daughter. ---- --- -----•
On the • Aberdeen ..... 50 66 28 34 23 27 I 38 40
6th inst. at Gower-street, Bedford-square, the lady of Berwick—... 40 50 26 .7 19 21 130 32 40 44
D. S. Bockett, Esq., of a daughter. oodgate, F.sq., of Cumber.
Coldstream - 44 47 27 30 19 22 29 30 •
On the sth inst. at Gaywood Rectory, the lady of the Rev. T. Cupar .............._ 50 80 29 34 28 33 40 42 -.. •
Hulton, of a son. Dundee,,,,,,,,,,. 48 61 32 34 '25 28 38 40 ..* On the 6th inst. the lady of G. R. l'aul, Esq., of a son. E1gin....,,,,.,., 58 63 32 35 'lO 26 19 21 ..... .-•
MARRIED. Inverness...-. 56 60 32 34 21 24 34 35 48 •••••
On the 3d inst. at Childwall, near Liverpool, the Rev. P. Kelso ........—. 45 48 '2B 30 '2l 23 320 36 _ ...
Ewart, M. A. Rector of Kirklington, in the North Riding of Kirkaldy........ 42 70 27 39 25 32 45 48 43 44
Yorkshire, to Maria Margaret Lister, only child of N. Salisbury, Perth 50 60 21 24 19 22 28 34 .- •
Esq. of Aigbarth, near Liverpool. 0.,.„,- The size of the measure varies throughout the countrf.
On the 3d inst. Henry Jackson, Esq. of Leicester, to Frances, ,......
eldest daughter of Abraham Hoskins, Esq. of Newton Park, in GLASGOW CORN MARKET.—May 4.
the county of Derby. Wheat, per 2401 b. s. d. s. d. Oats, per 2641 b, 8. d. is. d.
On the 7th inst. at Newington, G. Passenger, Esq., of Union. British, old 34 0t036 0 Irish 2O 0.t0'..1.3 6
street, Southwark, to Harriett, eldest daughter of T. F. Smith, new 30 0 32 0 British 2l 0 24 0
Esq., of Stones'-end, Borough. Canada, free 32 0 34 0 Beans, per 2601 b.
On the 7th inst. at St. George's, Hanover-square, Wm. Hand- Irish
Barley, ley, Esq. of Barford, near Warwick. to Emma, youngest daugh-.
per 3201 b. Scottish
ter of the late 'l'. Cartwriht,_ Esq..,of Lower Grosvenor-street. English --0 0 Pease, Scottish .. 20 0 22 o
g
Scottish 933 A ruin IN-•.- -• ___,.,,.1" nr. el ~ , n

new 300 320
Canada, free 32 0 34 0
Irish
Barley, per 3201 b.
English 0
Scottish 2B 0 30 0
Irish

Beans, per 2601 b.
English
Scottish
,'
Pease, Scottish
Oatmeal, per 1401 b 2O 0 22 ~,
Flour, per 2801 b 53 0 55 0

DIED.
At Calcutta, on the 4th of January, of inflammation, Mrs.
Pratt, wife of the Rev. H. Pratt, Chaplain to the Hon. East
Company, and the eldest daughter of Mr. Hall, of New Boswell-
court, London.
On the 6th inst. aged 36, William, the only ►surviving son of
W. Minshull, Esq. of Kentish Town.
On the sth inst. at Stoke Newington, Miss Crompton, late of
Clapham, aged 59.
On the 4th inst. aged 53. Colonel J. Nicol, of the East India.
Company's Service.

MINING INTELLIGI-3NCB. Tons. Cwt.
Quantity of Copper Ore sold at Redruth last Thursday 4,460 0
Average Produce 8 0
Quantity of fine Conner 356 12
Amouut of Sale,22, 11. 10s. Od.—Average Stamiard, 961.8 e.

PRINTED AND PuntsllED AY MURDO YOUNG, AT Turn
Sv? OFFICE, 112, STRAND, LONDON