The Sun.
London, England, 1849-04-20 00:00:00

DENMARK.

Baron Adeler, the aide•de-camp of his Majesty,
arrived at Stockholm on the Gth, and was presented
to the King by the Danish Ambassador on the ith,
for the purpose of delivering an autograph letter from
his Sovereign. He was invited to the royal dinner
table on the Bth, and quitted early on the morning of
the 9th for Copenhagen, when he will immediately
return to the Danish head quarters.
It is generally asserted that he carries with him the
intelligence that Stockholm will not take part in the
Danish German war this year, the general impres-
sion being that the negotiations for peace had proved
abortive by the pertinacity of Denmark.
No armaments of any kind have been made in
Sweden.

Previous to the renewal of the Danish war, Russia
reiterated its protest of last year against the advance
of the German troops into Jutland ; since the com-
mencement of the war this protest has been renewed
with great decision, in a special note.
The :Berliner, Nachrichten says—" That in con•
sequence of this protest, an order has been issued to
the German army not to advance into Jutland, but
wholly to occupy:Schleswig."
The Hamburgh Borsenhalle says—" That 600
Danish prisoners, all seamen, have this day been
conveyed by special train from Rendsburg to Gldek-
stadt.

SWINEMUNDE, APRIL 4. The Baltic Zeitung
trays " Commodore Schroder has not yet
returned with the steamer. This morning the
steamer Swinemunde went seawards to Wolgast, for
neither yesterday nor yet this morning have any
Danish cruisers been visible ; communications with
the cruisers, in so far as they relate to commerce, has
been permitted to-day.
CU/MAYEN, APRIL 16.—We learn by electric
telegraph that the London mail steamer Caledonia,
for which a luuk•out was kept here this morning,
arrived in the Elbe during the night, and was not
detained by the Danish men of-war.
CUXHAVEN, APRIL 17.—The Admiralty jolly boat,
which returned from sea late last night, encountered
no war ships whatever in the Elbe.
We learn from the Spanish schooner Telesfora that
she encountered only one Danish frigate at the mouth
of the Elbe, and passed without being stopped. The
English brig John Hardy, and several others, lie at
anchor here.

HAMBURGIi, APRIL 17.—The steamer Paris arrived
here today from Havre. Captain Vasse, however,
refused to unload his cargo, having bound himself by
promise to the commander of the Danish blockade
squadron, M. Steenbille, on sailing into the river that
he would merely take in a supply of coals, and
return forthwith. The parties interested:in the cargo
have immediately commenced legal proceedings.
Trade of course suffers greatly from the Danish
blockade.—Hamburgh Borsenhalle.
lIAMBURGB, APRIL IG.—Between to-day and the
18th we expect seven trains with military. The
Cologne Railway lhas brought the Brunswick
Hussars, wile at once proceeded to Altona.—llam-
burgh Correspondent.

COURSE OF EXCHA
Amsterdam •... 12 214
Dit:A,, at sight •• .... 12 0%
Ketterdain 12 0%
Antwerp • • ............ 25 75
liamburgh ••11.1.8. 13 12%
&Rona— ........ ••
Paris, 3 days'aight .. • • 25 37%
Ditto, 3 months .... 25 GO
'tlarsellles • . 25 62%
Bourdeaux ......... • 25 65
Frankfort on Maine.... 121%
Petersburgh, Sil. lible.. 36 41
• • ••
Vienna, effec. f 10...... 11 32
Trieste, ditto.— • • .... 11 33
Cadiz .. ............. 493 A
8i1ba0.... •... • •
Barcelona •• •• ........

,NGE.--(THIS DAY.)
1G1bra1tar.............

Leghorn ..............
'Genoa . • ...... • • ..
Naples ............
raiermo, peros ........
Lisbon.... •
••• • • .
itio Janeiro • • • ...... • .
ituenos Ayres .. ••.. • •
New York, 21 days'sight
ehiladelphla .... • .

PRICED OF BULLION, PER 03
Foreign Gold in bars ...£3 17 9
Portugal Gold Coin .. G 0 0
Spanish Doubloons .. 0 0 0
New Dollars ••.. • • 0 4 101 A
~ilvertn bars •• 0 4 117

IMPERIAL I'
HOUSE OF CO
(Continued from our Thi
RATE IN

'A RLIAMEN T.
MMONS, April 19.
ird Edition of last night.)
AID BILL.

The House then vl ent
The CHANCELLOR

o Committee upon this Bill
,f the EXCHEQUER, pro

ceeded to make a statement to the House, to show the
necessity of money being advanced for the relief of dis-
tress in the western part of Ireland; and having enume-
rated and named the several unions in which great dis •
tress is prevailing, and the difficulty, if not almost im-
possibility, of collecting rates to alleviate it concluded
by moving a resolution, to the effect, " That the House
do authorise the Commissioners of her ➢lajesty's Tree.
awry to advance a sum of money not exceeding 100,000/.
for the relief of the distressed unions in Ireland."

Mr. HUME admitted the prevalence of great distress
in Ireland, acd the,necessity of granting relief in alle-
viation of it; but he should most decidedly obj, ct to the
advance of the money until the Rate in Aid Bill should
be first passed—and from an impression that many Mem-
bers of that House connected with Ireland would, if the
money were first advanced, do all in their power to de-
feat the passing of the Rate in Aid Bill. Ile should be
glad to learn trom the NOV° Lord at tLe head of the
Government what course the Government intended to
pursue in relation to the proposed advance of 100,0001
There was still sufficient money to go on for a week or
two of the 50,0001. grant, and as two weeks would be
sufficient to pass the Bill, he should move that no part
of the money be advanced until after the passing of the
Rate in Aid Bill.

Lord JOHN RUSSELL would state fairly what his
views were with respect to, the proposed advance of
100,000/. Ilis intention was, that the 100,000/ should
be advanced in reference to the rate in aid, and should
the resolution be affirmed, that they should be repaid
out of that rate; but when the Hot'. Gentleman asked
the House not to grant any portion of the money until
the Rate in Aid Bill should first pass, he could not give
his assent to that proposition. There were 6,000/. still
in hand to be advanced of the recent grant, and should
those 6,000/. be expended before the Bill be passed, then
it was his intention to come down to the House, and ask
for an advance of fire or six thousand pounds, and in
taking that course, if either this House or the other
House should refuse to pass the Bill now under conside-
ration, then it was his intention to again come down
to the House, and ask it to convert the five or six
thousand pounds into an absolute grant, and in relation
to any further relit f, he should not, he felt, be justified
in calling on the House,to advance any more, and upon
those who might refuse this rate in aid, be the responsi-
bility and the consequences.—(Hear, hear.)
The CHANCELLOR of tho EXCHEQUER, in
answer to a question from Mr. Vernon Smith, stated,
that with respect to his asking the precise sum of
100,000/ to meet the distress, his impression was that
the advance would be sufficient until the harvest be
gathered in.
Mr. HENRY HERBERT maintained that no sustain-
able argument had been advanced in support of the ne-
cessity of the measure now before the House.—(Hear,
hear.) The Noble Lurd had stated to that House, that
it was not his intention to ask Parliament to give its
sanction to any more grants, should Ireland not consent
to be taxed as now proposed. lie (Mr. Herbert) had no
hesitation in saying, that the county with which he was
connected, and in which his entire interest was contained,
was already taxed beyond its power of bearing.—(Hear,
hear.) It had been dccided by the House that some in-
crease of taxation should be borne by Ireland, and it be-
came a question, by whom was it to be borne? It had been
laid down by a high autho►ity, that taxation should be
borne by those who were best able to bear it. Now, when
he came to examine that, he found that in the case of
Ireland no one condition of it could at present be ful-
filled. The Hon. Gentleman then referred to the allusions
of the Right Hon. Baronet the Member for Tamworth,
to the precedents which he said bad prevailed in this
country of levying a rate in aid on one or more unions,
for the relief of others in a state of distress; and pro-
ceeded to say that he could show the Right Hon. Baronet
that what be said on that occasion was not entirely
borne out. He would read to the House a return moved
for by his Hon. Friend the Member for the University
of Dublin (Mr. Hamilton) on this subject, in re
Lion to England and Wales. By that return, which
he now held in his hand, and which was entitled—
" A return of the Names of any Unions or Parishes
'in England and Wales, in aid of which any rate or
assessment for the relief of the poor has been made
upon any county, hundred, union, cr parish, during
each of the ten years preceding Lady-day, 1848,
&c." He found that there was no similarity
existing between the following eight ravishes in Wor-
cester—Whistones, St. Nicholas, ht. Clement, St. John
Bedwardine, St. Swithin, St. Martin, St. Helen, St.
Peter, and St. Michael Bedwardine, and the electoral
divisions in Ireland, respecting the rate in aid. He con-
sidered it most unjust and unprecedented that her Ma-
jesty's Government should press this measure, particu-
larly when many who had been trapped by the Noble
Lord (Lord John Russell) to support the measure in
Committee had afterwards, having detected the design,
openly ®pressed thciZ determined hostility tc, soul

measure, and even voted against. it, and also in another
place the Committee, to which her Alitjesty's Govern-
ment had submitted this plan, had also expressed
their opposition to it in thtir rf port. The witnesses
brought by the Noble Lord (Lord John Russell) were
oppostd to it, and the officials, the four-law Commis-
sioners, men who from their office might be considered
to be favourable to any proposition of the Government,
expressed their dissatisfaction of such a plan. Every
evidence was against it, and the chief commissioner,
when he he hoard of such a measure, did not wait to be

called on to give his opinion about it, but knew it to be
so severe and unjust that he immediately resigned his
office. Under these circumstances, be thought that a
Committee should bs appointed to investigate into the
whole of that question, so that if it be found thAt Irish

property is not taxed according to a fair and just amount
that a suitable tax be imposed on it. He contended
that the evils of that country were mainly attributable
to the conduct of Government, and he should at all
times oppose them when they pursued such a
course as they were now adopting. His amend-
ment was, that an income and property-tax be as-
sessed on incomes and property in Ireland not liable
to income and property-tax under 11 and 12 Victoria,
chap. 8 ; but the Noble Lard's (Lord J. Russell)
proi,osition was that the 100,0001. should be advanced
far the relief of distress in some districts of Ireland,
should be secured on the assessed income of the rate
in aid. He a ould be in favour of having that loan se-
cured by the income and property tax; but at the same
time did not see any charm or reason why lid. in the
pound in property tax, or 1501. per year in the income
tax, shp•uld be established as a standard in Ireland, par-
ticularly as there was a precedent for the contrary in
Scotland, in the case of property tax. Ile believed that
property in Ireland was not fit for such a tax, and should
read an extract from the speech cf the Nuble.Lord in the
introduction of the income tax for England. He (Lord
J. Russell) then used these words as applying to Ireland,
" That by extending this tax to Ireland, you would
check her efforts at prosperity, and that by the check-
ing her you injure not only Ireland but also England
and Scotland." The Noble Lord said Ireland was not fit
to bear that taxation, and he (Mr. Herbert) believed
that she was at present ten times worse than she was
last year, when the Noble Lord adverted to her in

those terms. He wished to exempt from this rate the
farmers, who are the principal sufferers, and totally dif-
fered from the resolutions at a great meeting held in
1847 in Dublin, which proved the universal distress of
Ireland. That meeting suggested the propriety of an
income and propert-tax in aid of local taxation, but he
wished for a general taxation in Ireland for local pur-
poses, and considered flint every tax for every purpose
should be paid into the treasury of the Exchequer, as
being a firm supporter of the Union. It had been said
. .

that-this is a landlord question, and the Hon. Member for
the city of Dublin stated in the Hbuse that the objeet of
it was to shift the burden from the shoulders of the
landlords to the honest and hardworking tradesmen;
but to that he should say that there was no proposition
to exempt the landlords, and if there was he would be
one of the first to oppose such a plan. On whom would
this burden fall? It would fall on that class that are
already ground down—on the untorttmate farmers who

are using every exertion to keep their holdings—on men
who are not in a position to bear that burden, and who
are dilly emigrating in consequence of their inability to
meet their expenses. Nor was the industrious tradesman,
who has invested his little capital in building, fit to bear
such a taxation. He hoped that his proposition would
not be rejected, because there was no machinery fur car-
rying it out, as the poor•law measure had been carried
out without any machinery whntever. He should next
refer to the plan of the Rightt Hon. Baronet (Sir Robert
Peel), which he and the people of Ireland looked upon
as a comment upon the do-nothing policy of the present
Government, and which raised a hope in the minds of
that people that the Ministry would not long continue in
office; for the laissez faire,' laissez passer policy of the
Noble Lord's speech, in the beginning of this session,
created but one opinion, and that was—that nothing
good could come from that Government.
Lord J. RUSSELL said that he (Mr. H.) supported
that policy.
Mr. HERBERT said, that he, with eleven other Irish
Members, to whose political principles ho was opposed,
had determined to protest against the conduct of Go-
vernment respecting Ireland. He should say that Go-
vernment were the cause of the evils of Ireland. He
was grateful tor the grants made to Ireland, but he
contended that the responsibility of their not effecting
good did not rest u[on the Irish or the Irish gentry, be-
cause the Government had disregarded their suggestions.
He assured the House, that he was fully resolved not to
withdraw his amendment, now that the Noble Lord had
not stated what taxes he proposed to impose, and he
should, therefore, conclude by moving the imposition of
an income and property tax in Ireland.
Mr. F. FRENCH said he regretted that the Hon.
Gentleman should have thought proper to persevere with
his amendment in opposition to the opinions of the ma•
jority of the Irish Members. He could not think that

Ireland was in a position to bear any increased taxation.
He denied that the Irish Members were bound to suggest
a substitute for the plan proposed by the Government.
Ile objscted to the rate in aid upon principle. He also
contended, that Ireland- paid an equivalent for the in-
come-tax levied in this country.-s-(slear.) It should be
recollected that out of the thirteen millions of rental in
Ireland, eight millions were spent in England which was
subject to the income-tax, but for which Ireland did not
get credit. They were asked wby they had not repaid
the million advanced to them for the purpose of building
their workhouses, when similar advances made in Eng-
land fur the same purpose were repaid? In England
this money was advaused to carry out an improvement
of the law, and was advanced at their re vest; but in
Ireland the law was objected to, and the advances were,
not asked for by them, but by the Poor-law Commis-
sioners. So obnoxious was this law, that the whole of
the army and constabulary in Ireland were maintained to
uphold the poor-law.
Mr. J. O'CONNELL said they were placed between
two alternatives of choosing between two burdens.
It was asked was England to go on for ever making
grants to Ireland; but they should take into the ques-
tion the fact that Ireland has been exposed to gb
famine unpredecedent.d in the history of modern
times. They had for forty-nine years robbed Irelani+
and now in a season of distress, when they bad
exhausted her resources, they taunted them with their
poverty. If tl.ey were as generous and liberal as 011
claimed to be, they ought to be, happy to contribute to
the relict of her distress. It was most inconsistent noW
to propose a new tax, when, even before the famine took
place, she was too poor to bear it. He denounced the
horrible and hideous process of evictions now going 00
in Ireland at that moment, but he would not then go into
details. The lion. Member who put forward the re:
sent proposition was not, he said, prepared to contests'
that Ireland contributed her just share of the taxation
of the country, but others were prepared to do so, has'
he allowed them, or had he not brought forward his
motion, again-4 the wishes of the great majority of the
Irish Members. The Hon. Member for Buckingham'
shire said, very properly, the other night, that Irish
absentee proprietors, mortgagors, and others, paid in-
come-tax; and stated so most correctly, for though 13°
returns could be got of the amount, he believed it was
at that moment 250,0001., in addition to 65 000/. for
quit rents and other matters. Why should not
Ireland get credit for these sums of money? Why 9°,t
.
get credit fur duties paid on articles in England which
were afterwards consumed in Ireland, and all of which.
he believed, would in the aggregate amount to 700,0 w?
or 200,0001. more that] that sought for by the rate ie
aid. He denounced the Hon. Member for Kerry for
bringing forward such a motion as he introduced; and
although he did it in a less obnoxious manner than vsee
expected, yet it did not do away with the very serious,
objections against it. He (Mr. J. O'Connell) had n°s
as yet given any support to the rate in aid measure, be-
cause he did not wish to press too heavily on the poorer
ratepayers; but now there was no choice left him. Ile
found himself driven into a corner, and although he
should give the measure bis vote that night, he should chi:
so with a firm conviction of its utter inutility. He weals'
vote for it, however, in consequence of the frightful syl-
- of evictions which was going on, as might be seen
from the accounts given in the Cork and Limerick
papers. The Hon. Gentleman then read extracts frolni
letters written by the Rev. Mr. Flannelly and Mr. Hills
both of Mayo in the western parts of Ireland, giving the/
most horrible accounts of the privations which the people
suffered, and of the deaths which occurred from starvs;
tion. Coerced by those horrible details which he he°
thus read for the House, he should support the motion
of the Government.

Captain JONES considered that he had only the
choice between two modes of taxation, that proposed by
the Government as a rate in aid, and that by
Friend; and he bad no hesitation in giving the latter e
As a representative of the county of Derriv
the grand
he received a c,,mmunication from his lion.
jury, 1.3
which they declared their disapprobation of a rate in said
although willing to bear any burden which could be le'
vied in a more equitable manner. If the Government
persisted in levying their rate in aid measure, he had 00
hesitation in saying, that they would, by doing so, ender
ger the whole measure of a poor-law in Ireland, or it°
practical working, in consequence of the oppositioe
which must arise to the payment of any rato whatever.
lie was a warm advocate for the poor-law, and it rig*
therefore, he was anxious that nothing should be done 10
mar its proper working.

Mr. R. FOX should support the amendment of 111
Hon. Friend. In the union of Longford, where his Pro
'
perry was situate, the rate in aid amounted at that raf,
went, in support of the poor of Connaught, to 3d. in the
pound. That arose from the fact that the poor inharci
ants of the western parts of Ireland travel Lem
&este ards, through Longford, on their way, „w-a
England—but while they had the power in Eogui-
to send them back, no such authority existed in Loegi
ford; and thus were they burdened for the supportt;
parties who were properly chargeable on unions in C 0";
naught.—(ll ar.) if the rate in aid were, therefore, ' f
be levied as proposed by the Government—instead g„
its being 6d. it would be 9d. on him, and that, too, with
out any remedy whatever. He denounced it as unjob-t,
to compel other parties to pa 3. for the poor of Connaught;
or in support of the unions of that province, because the
present poverty was brought about in a great measure
by by the miscondun of landlords,.the misconduct of t""to
who administered the pour-law, and other causes, /0
which he should not then more particularly refer.
so
his opinion an income-tax was more preterable, beca id.
it was more just, than a rate in aid; and he Shoo d.
therefore, support the amendment of his Hon. Fries
Now, from whatever source those sums of tayli
were to be derived, he wished to know how they wer
o
to be expended. The plan of relieving distress
ss
unions had, he believed, already caused the gr"t
,ets
demoralization ; and that would be continued, if gra:o4
of money, and assistance of the kind proposed, contin,u;,
to be given. The way he believed in which the
culty was to be met, was to search out these Pro,
spots, leaving the sound portions to assist them ;ad
as they were willing to do—to hunt up the U3ls°