The Sun.
London, England, 1838-12-18 00:00:00

PUELICATIONS.

THE COURT JOURNAL ENGRAVINGS
of the ROYAL PALACES of EUROPE, with historical
descriptions, will be commenced on SATURDAY, January 5,
1839, and be presented monthly. The first Engraving will re.
present THE GRAND STATE ENTRANCE to WINDSOR
CASTLE, forming No. 1 of " The Royal and Noble Residence*
of Europe."
Orders are received by all Booksellers and Newsmen in town and
country.
W. Thomas, Publisher, 19, Catherine-street, Strand.

IMPORTANT TO ALL CLASSES ! !!

ACHRISTMAS PRESENT.—Considerable
sums of money and other property having already been re-
covered through the Re-publication of Advertisements for HEIRS
AT LAW and NEXT OF KIN in the WEEKLY TRUE
SUN NEWSPAPER, the Proprietors of the above Journal will
present to their readers on SUNDAY, the 23d of DECEMBER
inst., an ALPHABETICAL INDEX to the NAMES of all
PERSONS mentioned in the Advertisements for HEIRS AT
LAW and NEXT of KIN which shall have been re-published
in the WEEKLY TRUE SUN up to the 20th of December,
with Numerical References to a Record of the Original Advertise
ments kept at the WEEKLY TRUE SUN Office.
Office, 366, Strand.
Orders received by all Newsmen and Booksellers in Town and
Country, to whom early orders should be given.

Now publishing, for 1839,
ROBSON'S ROYAL COURT GUIDE AND
PEERAGE, Pocket Edition, price ss.
ROBSON'S LONDON DIRECTORY AND CONVEY-
ANCE LIST, 15s. ; with the Classification of Trades, 30s; with
Royal Court Guide, in One Volume complete, 365.

Will also be published in January next.
ROBSON'S COUNTRY DIRECTORIES of the SIX HOME
COUNTIES, and the SIX COUNTIES FORMING the NOR-
FOLK CIRCUIT, and also of BIRMINGHAM, COVENTRY,
WOLVERHAMPTON, DUDLEY, and STOURBRIDGE,
&c., in one vol. royal Bvo, price Iss.

London Directory and Court Guide Office, 16, George-street,
Mansion House.

Just published, price 6s. 6d.,
THE POST-OFFICE LONDON DIREC-
TORY FOR 1839.

The Work has been entirely Revised, and Corrected to the pre-
sent time. I❑ addition to upwards of Eighteen Thousand Names
which have never before appeared, much new information is intro-
duced, including Distinct Lists of all Public Companies ; of Hotels,
Inns, Taverns, and principal Coffee-houses ; of Societies, Institu-
tions, &c. ; and a copious List of Public Offices, with the hours of
business at each.
Also Lists of the Members of both Houses of Parliament, with
their latest addresses.
The Lists of the Banking Establishments of the United King-
dom are the most copious ever published, and the General Informa-
tion relating to the Post-Office, embracing all recent changes, in-
cludes the fullest and most accurate Lists of Postage, and the Re-
gulations under which Letters and Newspapers are transmitted to
all parts of the World.
The Coach and Carriers' Guide, in addition to general Railway
information, contains the Route of every Mail Coach, and the time
at which it arrives at each Town on its outward and inward journey.
Simpkin and Marshall ; and all Booksellers in Town and Country.

PROFESSIONAL RECORDS; OR, MARRIAGE MEDI-
CALLY CONSIDERED.
An Original Thesis (in a sealed envelop). Price bs.,
(AN MARRIAGE—its Intent, Obligations. and
Phy.fical and Constitutional Dissivalifications ; with Illustra-
tions graphic, narrative, and remediate.
Ms*, by the same Author,
A RATIONAL EXPOSITION of the TREATMENT of
MORBID SECRETIONS, Stricture, and Irritability of the
Uretha, and other infirmities of the reproductive system ; with nu-
merous cases and woodcuts, entitled Medical Consultations,
Price 2s. 61.
Sherwood, 23, Paternoster row ; Carvalho, 147, Fleet-street •
Harris, 25, Bow-street; Baths, 23, New Boud-street : and Smith,
druggist, 4s, Lothbury, City.

T. HILL, Medical Bookseller, Great W
hedindmill-street, Haymarket
has just publis
STEW EDITIONS of the following interesting
LEI and important MEDICAL and SURGICAL WORKS :
.

Ne. 1., price 2s. 6d.
A PRACTICAL ESSAY on the DEBILITIES of the GE-
NERATIVE SYSTEM, their Varieties, Causes, Treatment,
and Cure. By a Member of the Royal College of Surgeons, Lea-
don, and Surgeon to a Metropolitan Infirmary.
No. 11., price 3s.
A PRACTICAL TREATISE en the TREATMENT and
CURE of STRICTURES of the URETHRA ; wherein is re-
commended a New and Improved Method ef Treatment, its effi-
cacy being illustrated by a variety of highly interesting Cases. By
C. -B. COURTENAY, M.D., 42, Great Marlborough-street.
No. HI., price 4s.
An HISTORICAL and PRACTICAL TREATISE en SY-
PHILIS: Its Varieties, their Treatment, and Cure. With con-
chiding Observations on an Improved Mode ef Treatment adopted
by tke Author for the Cure of Gonorrhoea, and all Uretkral Disor-
ders. By C. B. COURTENAY, M.D., 42,Great Marlborough-
street.

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' • Templeman, Regent-street, London ;
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Beflif.64l Ulm or cinuorp

THE NAVY.—Price Is.
A LETTER to the EARL of MINTO, in
ANSWER to a "FLAG OFFICER."

By ONE of the PEOPLE.
Ridgway, Piccadilly.
Also,

MEMOIRS and CORRESPONDENCE of LORD COL-
LINGWOOD, in 2 vols., Fifth Edition, price 12s.
" A monument to the memory of that great and good man,
which will be forgotten only when the English language shall cease
to exist."—Quarterly Review.

Just published, third edition, price as. bds.
FA
A DRAMATIC POEM.

By GOETHE.
Translated into English prose, with notes, &c.
By A. HAYWARD, Esq.
Edward 111oxon, Dover-street.

In 3 vols., price 245. cloth,
THE PROSE WORKS OF CHARLES
LAMB.

Also,
1. THE POETICAL WORKS OF CHARLES LAMB,
price Bs. cloth.
2. THE LETTERS OF CHARLES LAMB, 2 vols., price
21s. cloth.

3. DRAMATIC SPECIMENS, by CHARLES LAMB,
2 vols., price 14s. cloth.
Edward Mozon, Dover-street.

FINDEN'S ROYAL dALLEItYof BRITISH
ART.
The SECOND PART of the above work will be published on
the 26th instant.
To prevent disappointment to their subscribers the trade are re-
quested to forward their orders without delay direct to MESSRS.
FINDEN, by whom this work will in future be published. Sold
also by F. G. MOON, 20, Threadneedle-street.
Southampton-place, Euston-square,
December, 18.38.

This day was published, in Bvo., 25., sewed.
ABUSE of POWER in the STATE; the
CAUSE and SUPPORT of CORRUPT DOCTRINE
in the CHURCH, in three Discourses, deliverel to the congrega-
tion of Lewin's-mead Chapel, Bristol, with an Address, explana-
tory of the Author's secession from the Church of England.
By the Rev. GEORGE ARMSTRONG, 8.A., T.C.D.
Formerly Incumbent of Bangor.
London : Simpkin, Marshall, and Co. ; and Philp and Evans,
Bristol.

Also, by the same Author.
The CHURCH, its civil establishment indefensible: and its
claims to a tolerant character disproved, &c.

On Tuesday, January Ist, in fcap. Bvo., price Gs, cloth,
HISTORY of DENMARK, SWEDEN, and
NORWAY.
By S. A. DUNHAM,
Author of " The History of Spain and Portugal,"
Forming Vol. 109 of the " Cabinet Cyclopmdia."
By the same Author,
HISTORY of SPAIN and PORTUGAL.
5 vols. 30s. cloth lettered.
" The very best work on the subject with which we are ac-
quainted, either foreign or English. "—Athenaeum.
----- HISTORY of the GERMANIC EMPIRE.
3 vols. 18s. cloth lettered.
" This compendium is masterly, being clear, rich, and eaten-
sive."—Monthly Review.
HISTORY of POLAND. 1 vol. 6s. cloth-lettered.
" No ordinary, compilation, but a very carefully and competently
written compendium of the History of Poland, which does great
credit to the author."—Eclectic Review.
HISTORY of EUROPE during the MIDDLE AGES.
4 vols. 245. cloth-lettered.
4, A work which may be regarded as the sacrifice of a very
learned and very laborious writer to the wants and curiosity of the
world. "—Athenaeum.
London : Longman, Orme, and Co. ; and John Taylor.
• -

This day was published, in quarto, price 4/. 4s. illustrated with 14
plans and maps, and 34 etchings by Captain Jones,
THE BATTLE OF WATERLOO.
The History of this Important Battle, the details of which
have so long excited the attention of Europe, is alone to be obtained
by the careful consultation of this volume, which consists of a series
of Narratives, by Officers and Privates, from every arm in the ser-
vice, while their recollections were alive to the conflicting moment,
which is the peculiar character of this work—there is also affixed
an Authorized List of the Officers who served in the Campaign,
which cannot fail being interesting in an after time to the Families
of their posterity.
This work is particularly recommended at the present moment,
by having our recollection revived in the publication of the 12th
volume of the Duke of Wellingtoo's Dispatches, and also as enabling
the visitors of the Ingenious Model of the Battle, now exhibiting,
to increase their satisfaction by previously consulting the enlarged
Plans in this work, besides the Circumstantial details, the whole
being from Eye-Witnesses.
Sold by J. Booth, Duke-street, Portland-place, and by all Book-
sellers.

An Abridgement of the aboveln 2 vols. Bvo., price 1/. Is.

THE PEOPLE'S EDITION.
Just published, abridged from Mr. Curtis's Works on the Ear,

Eye, BQ.

THE PRESERVATION of HEARING ;
with Remarks on Deafness and 'other Diseases of the Ear :
containing an Account of the best Instt':uments for assisting Hear-
ing, including the Acoustic Chair, &c. Price Is.
2.. The PRESERVATION of SIGHT: with Remarks on
Ophthalmic Diseases, Defective Vision, &c. ; Advice how to chodse
Spectacles ; and showing the injurious effects of small oval and
coloured Glasses. Price Is.
3. The PRESERVATION of HEALTH in INFANCY,
YOUTH, MANHOOD, and AGE; showing the best Means of
prolonging Life, and promoting Human Happiness. Second
Edition, price 3s, 6d. cloth boards.
Full of judicious and sensible observations."—Literary Ga-
zette.
" At once brief, clear, and intelligent. Curtis is clever, and his
little book is amusing and well informed."—New Monthly Maga-
zine.
" The advice to the sedentary and the studious is deserving of
attention."—Morning Chronicle.
London : H. Renshaw, 356, Strand ; Edinburgh, Bell and
Bradfute ; Dublin, Curry, and Co.

-----
FOGS AND DAB P AIR
BARCLAY'S ASTHMATIC. CANDY
for many years, been proved an effectual Preservative from
Inc ill effects of the Fogs and Damp Air, which, in the Winter Season,
are so prevalent in this Climate. Its effects are to expel Wind, to pre
serve the Stomach from the admission of D
mite and to relieve those
who suffer from Difficulty of Breathing. has,
Prepared only by Barclay and Suns, 95, Farringdon-street, London ;
and Sold Retail, by their appointment, by
Sanger , 150, Oxford-street;
li. Burned, NO, Strand; March, 3.6, Holborn ; Johnston, tiS, Cornball, Hallows, Druggist, 2 t
, fligh-stre,, Islington ; Heudebourck, Druggist.
Iturch-street, Hackney ; a d by all respectable Medicine Venders In
Town and Country.
Observe—None can be genuine, unless the names of '°
Barclay and Son''.
are Qn the Stemp affixed to each Boit.

£5 ,5 0 { are en- 118 S vols. at one time 130 in the country.
titled to I 1 in town or
4 4 0
3 3 0
One-half of which may be the newest publications. Considering
that not one in fifty of the works that now-a-days issue from the
Press are worthy a second reading, and that it would be an in-
ordinate waste of money to purchase one in a hundred, and that
even admitting it to be prudent to purchase some few works—for
it would be but exercising due discretion to adopt means for
perusing them first—the advantages offered to the publicby this old.
established and extensive London Library are too obvious to require
elucidation.

HORNE and CO., Librarians, 105, Cheapside.

BARFIELD'S DIAMOND PLATE POW-
DER, warranted not to wear the plate.
It instantly clears tarnish and dirt, and magically produces a
most inimitable Polish upon Gold, Silver, Plated Goods, Brass,
Tin, C pper, and makes British Plate, Zinc, and Pewter, look as
white as the best Silver.
Sold, wholesale and retail, at Hallet and Co.'s British Plate
Factory, 41, Ludgate-street.
Wilson, 87, Fenchurch-street. Thomas and Co., Old Kent-road. I
Birchmore, New Kent-road.
Thomas, Hammersmith.
And at the Manufactor,
AGENTS WANTED for
N.B.—Plate cleaned with this

Whitehead. Minories.
Russell, 67, Whitechapel-road.
Rrown, Commercial-road.
Parker, Bridge-street, Lambeth
92, Fenchurch-street.
,very Town in the Kingdom.
powder will not again tarnish.

DINNER OF THE SMITHFIELD

CLUB.

At the Freemasons' Tavern last night, nearly four hun-
dred Noblemen and Gentlemen, extensively connected in
breeding, grazing, and other agricultural pursuits, met to
celebrate their fortieth annual great meeting in the metro-
polis. The Right Hon. the Earl Spencer presided.
Among the distinguished personages present were the Duke
of Richmond, Lord C. Russell, Colonel Sibthorpe, H. C.
Handley, Esq., M.P., T. Wratislaw, H. Chamberlain,
J. Buckley, S. Grantham Minns, Esq., J. Hellyer (the
President of the Northamptonshire Agricultural So-
ciety), &c. &c.

m o nAfterdmedals o the u
b andseobserved
eds
prizesut al
hatpreliminary,distributed,o neof
ththe toasts
g:
necessary had
e.
,t been drunk, b
eDadu,k3entoafg the
en the
. rived by the formation of the Smithfield Cattle Club, and
other associations which had subsequently been established,
was, the opportunity which they gave for the landlords co-
operating with the tenants and others interested in the better
breed of stock, and thereby to revive the honest and in-
dustrious efforts of the people. These were also the means
of tightening the links in society, which at this period, could
not be loosened without imminent danger to the whole
community?'
Mr. HANDLEY, in returning thanks for his "health,"
referred to the great benefits which had been derived by
the community from the exertions of Mr. Professor Cole-
man, who was present. At their last general meeting he
had alluded to the great benefits to be expected by the
establishment of the English Agricultural Association, and
he sincerely hoped that the Veterinary College, would, by
its means, afford as much facility, in medicine and practice,
to other animals, as bad already been afforded to the
nobler animal, the horse.
Earl SPENCER in proposing success to the English Agri-
cultural Association, stated, that they had, with the assis-
tance of a numerous and wealthy body, succeeded in form-
ing that establishment since their last meeting. The ob-
jects of the Agricultural Society were to increase the pro-
duce of the soil, so that it would be within the reach of
every man by being produced at such a price as could be
well afforded by the industrious. Science and chemistry
had been applied to our manufactures and commerce,
and he had now the satisfaction of stating, that the English
Agricultural Association was in such a state of progression
that he had every confidence that the result would be highly 1
beneficial to the community.
The company separated soon after.

GARDENINGHE OPRATIONS FOR
T WE
EEK.

(From the Gardener's Gazette.)
Sow Lettuce of both kinds, and Radish on an old melon
or cucumber bed, first forking and fresh supplying the
mould. Sow also some in a warm situation.
Sow Peas, and plant Beans in succession.
Continue to examine the pots and roots of plants, in the
stove and greenhouse.
Take into the stove all kinds of flowers for forcing ; place
them in the coolest part of the stove first, or if there be a
stove devoted to them, do not raise the heat above fifty de-
grees at first, and gradually progress.
Fruit.—Continue to examine all keeping fruit, removing
the damaged ones.
We need hardly repeat the Bulbs should have been all in
the ground, or in glasses, or pots, before this, as tkey are
otherwise sure to be weaker, and may be permanently da-
maged by longer delay.

Flashing of Hedges should be done without delay.

EAST INDIA SHIPPING.

Arrivals at St. Helena.—The Oratavo, Watkins, Oct. 20,
from London ; General Chasse, Harklena, Oct. 24, from
Java. and passed for Holland ; City of London, Martin, Oct.
25, from the Cape of Good Hope, bound to London ; Alfred,
Gautreau, Oct. 25, from Bourbon (33 days), bound to Nantes.
Departure from St. Helena.—The Munster Lass, Carrew,
Oct. 21, for the Cape of Good Hope.
Arrivals at Rio Janeiro.—Her Majesty's ship Herald, Nias,
Singapore
Oct. 13, from Plymouth and Madeira, and sailed on the 18th
for the Cape of Good Hope and Ceylon; Salus, Crickenay,
Oct. 21, from Ceylon and the Mauritius.
Oct.lo,
for Departures from
Rij;
a nAe irrte *MT s hLeasLt,auorecnt.ti2a.4, Gfoilrlebort
Cal-
cutta.,

The Catharina
Arrival at the Mauritius.—The Princess Victoria, Lea,
Sept. 8, from Calcutta.
put nto Lisbon on the 26th o'f November, with loss of bul-
warks, boats, &c. , Riestneyer from Rotterdam to Batavia,
i
The Banca, Van Ham from Rotterdam to Batavia, was
towedinto Lisbon on the' 28th of November, with loss of fore-
mast, and other damage
Ships Spoken With
—.' The Elizabeth, Sinclair, from the
Mauritius, for London' Oct 22, in lat. 24. 50. S., and long,
W. ; Courier, Smith, from Calcutta, for London, in No.
vember, in lat. 10. 20. N long. 25. 35. W., by the Ariadne,
M'Leod, arrived in the ri;,
e r.

In the course of an investigation at Worship-street
Police-office yesterday it was stated that formerly gentle-
men could not remove their wine from one cellar to another
without a license, but by a late Act they had the power to
do so.

A Correspondent of a Morning Paper states that,
on Sunday last two fellows from St. Giles's fought for two
hours on Old Oak Common, for a purse of ten sovereigns,
till both were so dreadfully injured as to be obliged to return
}Tine in a coach, and one of them is not expected to sur-
vive. He adds that some policemen were spectators of the
disgraceful scene without seeking to interfere.

PLAIN HINTS TO RATE-PAYERS, RESPECT-
ING the IMPOSITION of CHURCHRATES.
(A Pamphlet published by the Church-rate Abolition
Society.)
The design of this Pamphlet is to give plain suggestions
upon the following points :
I. Proceedings prior to the Vestry Meeting, at which a
Church-rate is to be proposed.
11. Proceedings at the Vestry Meeting ; and
111. Proceedings after the Vestry Meeting.
I. PROCEEDINGS PRIOR TO THE VESTRY MEETING.
I. Of the Notice.
The meeting must be called by the churchwardens,
by a notice signed by them, and placed on or near
the principal doors of the churches and episcopal chapels
in the parish, at least three days before the time appointed for
the meeting. This notice must state the specific object for
which the meeting is to be held, and no other business but
that which is so stated can be transacted.
2. Of Preparatory Proceedings.
It is most desirable that Dissenters and liberal
Churchmen should, in every parish in which Church-
rates are usually levied, form themselves into a
" Chureb-rate Abolition Society," appointing a treasurer
and secretary, and meeting periodically, say once a month,
or more frequently when necessary. Such persons should
each contribute one penny per week, or such other small
sum as may be thought necesary to a fund, to be applied
to the purposes of printing, &c., in opposing the imposition
of a rate. The suggestions contained in the next para-
graph will apply to such societies.
In parishes in which Church-rate Abolition Societies are
not in operation, the shortness of the notice will not allow
time for sufficient preparations for opposing a rate, unless
suitable measures be taken previously. It will be necessary,
therefore, that inquiry should be made to ascertain when it
is likely that a vestry will be called, and a meeting should be
held about one month before that time, to make arrange-
ments. This meeting should consist of at least two intelligent
and influential persons from each of the Dissenting congrega-
tions in the parish, together with some liberal Churchmen, who
object to the imposition of Church-rates.
The object of such preparatory meeting will be to con-
sider what steps should be adopted to make a legal and an
effectual opposition to the levying a Church-rate. The persons
present should raise a sum of money to defray the expenses of
printing, &c., and should prepare a hand-bill urging parishio-
ners to attend and vote against the rate, to be printed and
circulated as soon as the churchwardens call the vestry
meeting. The persons present at this preparatory meet-
ing should also agree upon the plan by which the rate
should be legally and effectually opposed in vestry. The
most convenient way will be by proposing that the con-
sideration of the question be adjourned for twelve
months, and one person should be selected to move,
and another to second, such a proposition. In order to
prevent any disappointment at the vestry meeting, it will
be desirable to appoint two others, in case the attendance
of those first selected should, by any circumstances, be pre-
vented. Endeavours should also be made to excite an in-
terest individually, and to secure a full attendance at the
vestry. And it is very desirable that the opponents of the
rate should be early in attendance at the vestry, and secure
prominent places, both on and off the platform if there be
one, or near to the seat to be occupied by the chairman.
11. PROCEEDINGS AT THE VESTRY MEETING.
1. Of Persons entitled to Vote.
All persons who are assessed to the poor-rate, and have
paid the last poor-rate that has been demanded of them, and
also all persons who have, since the last Poor-rate was
made, begun to occupy property liable to be rated, and for
which they are willing to be rated, are entitled to be pre-
sent, and to vote at the Vestry. Those rated to the
Poor-rate—

Under 5Ol. per annum are entitled to one vote.
At or above 501.
At or above 75/.
At or above 1001.
At or above 1251.
At or above 150/.
2. Of the Chairman.
The rector, vicar, or perpetual curate, is entitled to take
he chair. If be should not be present, the meeting may
elect whom they please to the chair. The curate of the
rector or vicar has not a right to preside, unless elected to
the chair by the meeting.
The Acts of Parliament which relate to vestry meetings,
are 58 Geo. 111., c. 69 ; 59 Geo. 111., c. 85 ; 1 Vic., c. 45.
3. Of the motion for a rate.
After the minutes of the last meeting have been read, and
signed, the notice for calling the present vestry should be read
by the chairman, or the vestry clerk; and the churchwarden,
or someone on his behalf, should then present his accountsfor
the past year, which should be read ; and the particulars of
which should be carefully noticed, and copied down on paper,
in order that it may be seen that none but proper payments
have been made. Church-rates can be legally applied only
in the repair of the church and the necessary expenses of
conducting Divine worship. It has been determined that
an organ is not necessary, and the expenses connected with
it ought not to be allowed. A Church-rate cannot be made
for expenses already incurred, but must be for necessary
expenses to be incurred.
The churchwarden should then state what sum he will
require for such expenses for the ensuing year. One of the
persons about to conduct the opposition should desire him
to state the items separately, which should be copied down ;
because if the rate should be agreed to, it will nevertheless
be illegal if improper items are included in it. After a
motion has been proposed and seconded, that a rate of a
certain sum in the pound be made, the persons agreed upon
at the preparatory meeting, should move and second the
following amendment :—" That the consideration of
making a Church-rate for this parish, be adjourned until
this day twelve months." The mover and seconder of this
amendment should urge arguments in its support, avoiding,
as far as they can, every thing calculated to irritate the ad-
vocates of Church-rates. It is probable that a discussion
will then ensue, in which the opponents of the rate should
insist upon the speakers on their side being heard.
From a desire to terminate the discussion, or to reconcile
the opposing parties, or to get the principle conceded, some
parishioner may, perhaps, propose that a rate of a less
amount than that moved for should be granted. This
should be steadily resisted, and the amendment for adjourn-
ment be firmly adhered to.
4. Of Voting.
The discussion having ended, it will be the duty of the
chairman to put the question, and the amendment, for the
decision of the meeting. The amendment must be put first,
and if that be carried, the motion for a rate cannot be put,
because the amendment will then have become the original
motion. But if the majority of votes should be against the
amendment, or if the chairman should refuse to submit it to the
meeting, the votes will be taken on the original motion for
a rate. If the majority of votes be in favour of a rate, the
opponents of the rate should then demand of the chairman
that a poll of the whole parish be taken, that all the
parishioners may have an opportunity of expressing their
opinions. The chairman is then to fix a suitable time and
place for taking the poll. The opponents of the rate should
canvass the parish, and use every possible effort to bring up
their friends to poll, and two or more of them should
attend to see that the votes are properly recorded.
5. Of Objections to the Rate.
Although the rate be carried, it will not be valid, in the
following cases :
(1.) If a proper notice has not been given for the holding
of the Vestry Meeting.
(2.) If it be granted for any thing besides the repair of
the Church, and the necessary expenses of Divine worship.
(3.) If it be made to defray expenses already incurred.
(4.) If all the parishioners are not rated, or not rated in
equal proportions to the value of the property occupied by
them.

111. PROCEEDINGS AFTER THE VESTRY MEETING.
I. Before the Magistrates.
If the rate be granted, the churchwardens may, without
any further authority from the Magistrates or the Or-
dinary, proceed to assess it equally on the parishioners,
and they may summon all persons refusing to pay,
provided the amount of the rate of such per-
sons does not exceed IN., before two Justices of
the Peace, who have power to order payment with costs ;
and if such order be not obeyed, one of such Justices
may issue his warrant for distraining the amount on the
goods of the party, who from conscientious or other mo-
tives may refuse to pay.* If there be a substantial ob-
jection to the validity of the rate, the party summoned
should attend the Justices, and state that he objects
to pay, because the rate is illegal, and he should
mention the grounds upon which he considers it to be so.
The Justices will not then have the power to make
an order for the payment of it, but the churchwar-
dens must sue the party in the Ecclesiastical Court,
• The practice of the Society of Friends in submitting to
have their goods distrained for Church-rates, is becoming very
prevalent among Protestant Dissenters generally; and will
perhaps operate more powerfully than any other
means in
abolishing Church-rates; especially if publicity be given to
the circumstance of the distraints having been made.

IN REPLY TO AN ADDRESS ON THEIR BEHALF, BY PER-
SONS STYLING THEMSELVES " THE PRECURSORS."
FELLOW COUNTILYMEN,—The object of the Radical
Address to you, signed on behalf of a hundred and thirty-
six Associations, was to show you, notwithstanding O'Con-
nell's assertions to the contrary, that there were men among
us as cordially d:sposcd to unite with you to render you,
" justice," as there were others resolved to unite to keep
you in the reins of Whiggery for their own especial advan-
tage, careless of the beggary and wretchedness of the mil-
lions. And we also in thus addressing you are no less
anxious to secure your co-operation towards effecting one
of the greatest objects men can perform on earth to be ac-
ceptable to heaven—that of improving those institutions
which, according to their purity or corruption, render a
nation enlightened, prosperous, and happy, or ignorant,
poor, and degraded.
It would appear, however, from the persons who
style themselves " the Precursors," and who have taken
upon themselves to write for all Ireland, that what-
ever hopes or sentiments animate the great bulk of
your countrymen, there are persons among you who do
not desire union with men whose objects are " jus-
tice for all classes." And if we could bring ourselves to
believe that these persons represented the national mind of
Ireland, and that that mind was so steeped in the opiate of
Whiggery, as to lay its thoughts and feelings prostrate
before one man (though that man's talents were as tran-
scendent as their gratitude hasbeen unbounded), we should
rather be disposed to despair for her fate than entertain
bright hopes of her regeneration.
The document we refer to is an echo of the 'Whig press
of England—what it fails to answer it does not scruple to
pervert—it taunts us with wanting candour, and accuses of
falsehood, and yet in itself is made up of the very essen-
tials it condemns. It is, however, what it was intended to
be, a Whig apple of discord, not only to prevent union
between the English and Irish Radicals, but, if possible, to
divide those already united. It begins by upbraiding us for
not having denounced certain individuals for their expres-
sions of violence. In reply to which we beg to inform you
that our great object has been to honestly pursue principles
rather than to denounce men ; we have left abuse to those
who are better masters of the arr. And even were we so
disposed, we could not except that great reprover of his age,
Mr. O'Connell himself, who when denouncing others for
impropriety of language, talks of petitioning with " a mil-
lion and a half of men of fighting age."
From the origin of our Association we have ever dig..
countenanced violence—we have ever declared that the
moral power of the people would be the most effective
weapon to combat the enemies of freedom, and similar
opinions were expressed in the address we sent you. Yet,
for all these declarations, our character has been belied and
our motives impugned, because individuals have been found
to attend our meetings who, like Mr. O'Connell, have ap-
pealed to the passions rather than to the intellect of men.
No man has made stronger appeals to the lower feelings of
an assembly, than the Chairman of the Precursors ; his
" bloody and brutal" sentiments, his pre-eminently abusive
expressions, and fighting threats, have been more loudly
applauded by his select audiences than have similar expres-
sions been by the poor weavers of the North.
No persons can more sincerely regret than we do
the improprieties of language and threats of violence
persons professing the sacred name of Reformers have
recently indulged in—they have only afforded delight
1 to the enemy, and engendered doubts and recrimina-
tions among friends. We are of opinion that what-
ever is gained in England by force, by force must be
sustained, but whatever springs from knowledge and
justice will sustain itself. Therefore it is that in our
aspirations of freedom we seek to build up her sacred
temple in peace—to raise up a social and political edifice
founded on national enlightenment and justice—a temple in
which all classes might freely worship, without tax, tribute,
or reproach, in which all might unite to devise wisely and
execute justly, and where the energies of all should be di-
rected to the solving that great political problem, yet un-
solved by any nation—how shall all the resources of our
country, mentally, morally, and physically, be made to pro-
duce the greatest happiness for all its members ?
We confess that our imaginations sicken at any prospect
of civil discord, even if oppressors only were to be the
victims, and therefore earnestly trust that the edifice we
are seeking to rear may never be established upon a
foundation of blood, to be cursed by widowed mothers and
undermined by the fatherless. But we must confess we
greatly doubt the sincerity of those who, while deprecating
violence, are continually boasting of the physical force of
" eight millions," and threatening that " Ireland alone
would afford sufficient force to crush a revolution in
England," and that they are " as ready to go to battle as
any people in the world."

But We are wisely informed by the Precursors that the
words " Universal Suffrage" have no " magic" in them ; we
thank them for the information ; but inasmuch as they are
words used by all honest Radicals to express the extent of
the Suffrage they desire—defined also these words have been
to mean the right of voting to all males above 21, of sane
mind untainted by crime—we think it more honest and
straightforward, for all, (especially those who have SWO7 n
and pledged themselves to Universal Suffrage) to retain
the well-understood term rather than to adopt the less in.
genuous Whig phrase of " the greatest ossle extension
of the Suffrage that can practically be obtained" The ex-
tent of the Suffrage which can " practically be obtained"
will depend on the honesty and perseverance of Reformers.
If they shall ever be induced to give up any portion of
their principles to secure any unworthy object or fraudu-
lent position, to gain power, place, or patronage, they will
most certainly be induced to make still further sacrifice
of principle, to retain what they have gained; and thus
from their position, principle after principle must be
abandoned, till those who began as practical Reformers
turn out practical apostates. Perms wishing to im-
pose upon the public words without definite meaning, as
well as those who are not disposed to adopt Radical prin-
ciples, may have some excuse in coining language to ex-
press their desires ; but surely the Chairman, at least, of
the Precursors has not this excuse, for setting aside his
public avowals of having been sworn to Universal Suffrage,
we have his sig
dging himself nature attached to a resolution of his own
proposing, pledging
,‘to support and vote for a
Bill to be brought into the House of Commons, embodying
the principles of Universal Suffrage, equal representation,
free selection of representatives without reference to pro-
perty, the Ballot, and short Parliaments of fixed duration;"
nay,
Bill, more,a and
de
the Bill oilnle thofat ethnelaCnao
keep him ; we shall demand his support
"jus-
tice" we mean to .
thatwas the PEOPLE'S CHARTER. To that great bond of
andd vote for it in the forthcoming session, agreeably to the
1 fre he has given, and the part he has taken—his differing
rp"r"oern-its details will not be taken as an excuse, but will
rather be attibuted to his neglect of duty.
It would appear that the gentlemen of the Precursors
perms • t in adopting the same unmanly policy towards us as
the Whig and Tory press. Finding they could not justly
oppose our principles, nor answer our arguments ; finding
that our public appeals in favour of temperance, knowledge,
social improvement, and political right, were bringing around
our standard good men of all classes, creeds, and opinions,
they have endeavoured to enlist public opinion against
us by identifying us with the sentiments and opinions of
others. " The Oastlers, Stephenses, and O'Connors" are
charged as being " our leaders," notwithstanding we have