The Sun.
London, England, 1849-09-22 00:00:00

LONDON, SATUR.DAY EVENING' SEPTEMBER 2& 1849

CHOLERA AND DIARRHOEA

POPULATION OF LONDON.

Districts.

Population.*

1831

1,655,000

6,53,000
806,000
3L6,06,0
331,000
410,000

841.

1,948,000

301,000
376,000
374,010
392,000
503,000

53,000
32,( 00
58,000
48,000
2J,000
37,000

75,000
40,000
67,000
57,000
25,000
87,000

122,000

9,000
i C 4,0110
37,0'i0
55,000

138,000
10,600
130,000
56,000
42,000

53,000
42,000
4.1,000
48,000
4;,000
38,000
28,000
57,000

54,000
44,000
44,000
57,000
50,000
40,000
29,000
56,000

69,000
62,0c0
64,000
89,000
72,000
25,000

83,000
74,000
72,000
41,000
91,000
31,000

32,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
45,000
Bt',ooo
33,000
28,000
13,000
64,000
18,000

33,000
20,000
85,000
47,000
55,000
116,0,0
40,000
40,000
14,000
81,000
23,000

Southampton ... ... ... 1 0
South Shields ... ... ... 2 0
Stcy,ling •• ... ••• ...... 0 1
Stoke Damarel ••• ... 0 1
Stockport ... ... ... 2 0
Stockton (Yarm) .. ..• -- 2 0
Stone ... ... ... ... -- 3 0
Stourbridge ... ... .. 7 1
Stratford-on-Aeon ... ... 1 0
Stroud ... ... ... ... 0 1
Sunderland ... .. ... 1 0

Teesdale (Barnard Cestle) ... 1 0
Thorne ... ... ... - 3 1
Tynemouth ... ... ... 4 1
Wellir•gton, Shrophire ... 1 0
Wolverhampton at,d Siesdon 23 4
Wycombe (High Wycombe and
Great Marlow) ... . . 3 1
Edmonton ... ... ... 9 2

Total ... ... ... 369

SCOTLAND.

.
3 0
Dundee ••• ••• •• .....• •
Perth ... ... ... ... •__ 9 0
Montrose ... ... ... 3 0
Elawiek (Wigtown) ... ... 1 0
flassielt (from 18th inst) ... 5 0
Dunfermline (from Sept. 19) 2 0
Arbroath (slue.- 15th inst.) ... 4 0
Arbroaih by Hellensburgh ... 2 0
Kinghorn ... .•• •• 1 0

Total ... ..• 30 0
Gen€ral total:—
Metropolis ... 121 32
Country
••• ~, 369 91
Scotland •• ~, 30 0

Total

Note.—The number of attaeks reported by the
union officers are—tor the metropolis 163, and for
the country 503; but their returns do uot, in general,
comprehend the cases that are treated by medical men
in private practice. The deaths are returned according
to superintendent registrarb' districts, as it it found im•
practicable to di,tinguish every place separately.

CHOLERA. DIARRHCEA.
Wed. Thur. Wed. Thur.
LONDON. Sept. Sppt. Sept. Sept.
19th. 20th.. 19. h. 20th.
West Districts ... 11 10 6 7
North Districts ... 10 10 2 3
Central Districts ... 16 20 6 4
East Districts ... 32 19 5 5
South Districts ... 41 62 9 13

Total ... 110 121 28 32

THE CHOLERA.
TO T.HE ELl7'Oll OF THE SUN.

SlE,—Having forwarded --(lispeVhes—ie all the
Government offices, &c., &c., and finding what little
leisure time I have just now exhausted, I take this
mode of putting you in a position of knowing my
hitherto unfailing cure for cholera—in fact, its anti-
dote. Let me beg of you with all earnestness to
use forthwith, in every case, a full and poisonous
dose of opium : give 5,6, or 7 grains at once—let the
preparation be the Tinct. Opii. Then, as a stimulant,
give 10 minium doses of each—Chloroform and
Cajeput Oil—every two hours.
Should purging continue occasionally, give, after
each evacuatieti, 1 drachm doses of the Tincture of
Matico, and apply a blister to the epigastrium.
Let the diet he alternate half-hour or hour doses of
weak cold brandy and water, and very strong, highly-
seasoned beef tea, or soup—in one tab!e spoonful
doses.

I have never failed with this treatment in any case
of undoubted cholera, and have treated several cages
abandoned by others, and am now hourly being called
in by fresh patients.
Believe me, very faithfully yours,
ALFRED CHARLES AYRES, M.R.C.S., &c.
Ramsgate, Sion-hill Lodge, Sept. 13, 1849.

INTRAMURAL INTERMENTS.
ST. JOHN'S, WATERLOO-ROAD.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

SlR,—Much has been done, on the occasion of the
present visitation, to ameliorate and mitigate the
sufferings of the too long-neglected poor. It has
stirred up our statesmen to study and amend the
sanitary state of our crowded lanes, courts, and
to send currents of pure air and streams of fresh
water where neither had been known before for

years; and the rich man has opened his purse, to
regard the cry and distribute to the necessities of the
poor, for self-preservation's sake, knowing that the
improvement of the condition of the destitute is the
only way to arrest disease. But, Sir, many a family
has already been bereaved, and many more are likely
still to suffer bereavement until interments in our
church burial-yards is once and for ever put an end
to. lam glad to see this movement in the right
direction of the Board of Health. They have already
clo:ed many ; but how is it that Lambeth—the ex-
tensive parish, wherein so many have been falling
victims to the prevailing epidemic—has been over-
looked ? Could I prevail on your reporter, I would
take him to the above churchyard, where he should
tee for himself the numbers buried therein every
afternoon, whereas it ought to have been closed a long
time since. Burials take place ; the mourners sit
upon the loose earth, uttering loud and lamentable
cries that their dear relatives are not put lower in the
earth. The undertaker tells them it is impossible,
there is no room ; the sexton utters a response—it
cannot be, and a heartrending scene takes: place before
the mourners leave. The minister, is obliged to
read hurriedly over the burisl-service.
One method adopted is for the sexton, with
a long stick, to penetrate the different graves, to
ascertain whether or no the bodies are so decayed as
to admit of being destroyed with a shovel, prior to an
after interment; and there exists a bone-house at the
back of the church. How long, Sir, are these things
to continue ? Will you raise a powerful editorial
leader in your valuable paper against such demora-
lizing practices, the forerunners of such pernicious
effects ? Will you utter a voice, long, loud, and
shrill, on behalf of the parishioners of Lambeth, now
that the destroying angel has spread his wing upon
the blast, and stands between the living and the dead?
If you will, it will oblige
Your obedient servant,
ONE OF THE SPARED.
Cornwall road, Lambeth, Sept., 1849.

GRAVEYARDS AND THE PUBLIC HEALTH.

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.

snatch a moment from attendance on a
hundred and fifty of the parish poor, chiefly labour-
ing under choleraic diarrhoea, to give you a couple
of facts more valuable than barren generalities, and
bearing strongly upon the question of intramural in-
terments. Near the bottom of Golden-lane, a dense
locality, tenanted by the moat miserably poor and
debilitated, from starvation and gin, of our London
population, occur three graveyards—one is closed re-
cently, another is in active operation, and a third, the
gorged parish graveyard of Cripplegate, was re-
opened yesterday for the interment of a corpse. A
few idlers entered the: yard, and among them a re-
spectable married woman. It appears from her subse-
quent statement to me, that she was previously in her
usual state of good health, and that she neither ap-
proached very near to the recently broken•up filth
nor was her sudden illness ascribable to the
pressure of a crowd, nor to any mental ernotion.
" All at once," said she, " I felt deadly sick,
and had not somebody caught me I should
have dropped." I saw her in this state, a mob came
running to fetch me—she was pulseless, and bedewed
with a clammy cold perspiration, her face ashy pale,
and the heart acting very feebly. Under the use of
brandy, ether, and ammonia, she recovered, but after
twelvw hours still remained very debilitated and tre-
mulous. Of course I took occasion to lecture the
people on the folly of approaching graveyards, and
especially newly-opened graves, and reminded them
that the most deadly animal and putrescent gases give
off no perceptible stench. Then I may also mention
that, last Sunday, a young girl was brought into my
surgery in a faint state from St. Luke's Church,
which is surrounded by a crowded graveyard. People
faint, lam aware, in c
chapels, from the crowd, the
heat, and the gas (especially in the galleries), but
none of these causes operated here. Whether St.
Luke's be crowded with the dead or no, it is seldom
crowded with the living.

Yours respectfully,
JOSEPH ASIII3URY SMITH,
Parochial Surgeon, St. Luke's.
154, Whitecross- street, Thursday, Sept. 20.:

TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN.
SIR,—In The Sun of yesterday I perceive a corres-
pondent ("Pro bono publico") states that (referring
to a previous paragraph) the amount of allowance on
postage stamps is to be reduced from 7f per cent. to
1 per cent., which he considers a good reason for
increasing the attention of those officers whose duty
it may be to dole out ld. stamps. This is certainly a
great incentive to make a person attend better to the
wants of the public.
I think that your correspondent has misconstrued
the paragraph, or you have only stated one• halt of the
truth; as by his letter he would lead the public to
suppose that 7} per cent. has been the general allow-
ance, whereas such is not the case, as distributors of
stamps have only 1 per cent. allowed on postage labels,
and for envelopes which sell for 2/. 4s. 6d., they are
charged 21. 3s. 61, leaving a profit of ls., which 1
think is not quite 7f per cent.
I do not know what the Post office may have
allowed.—Yours obediently,
Sept. 21, 1849. A DISTRIBUTOR.

NEW Yonx, SEPT. s.—Mrs. Mitchel, mother of
the Irish exile, with two of her daughters, arrived at this
port in the ship Hibernia on Thursday last, and put up
at Hartwell's' Washington House. She left on the fol-
lowing day for the resicknee of W. H. Mitchel, !it
Washington.

AUSTRIA.

The Wiener Zeitung of the 16th contains the re-
port of the Finance Minister, Baron Krauss, to the
Emperor. Baron Krauss represents the urgent
necessity for introducing order as well into the cur-
rency as into the administration of the public revenue.
To effect the first, the great aim must be to improve
the position of the bank, and to regulate its
relations with the state. The first prepa-
ratory step taken towards restoring the credit
of the bank was, his Majesty's edict to the
effect that its credit should no longer be em-
ployed to provide/ for tLe necessities of the state
by a further emission of bank notes and the second
must be an arrangement as to the entire claim of the
bank upon the State, the fixation of the rate of interest
of that debt, and the gradual funding and sinking of
the same. The Minister of Finance is of opinion
that under the new order of things the bank will find
it requisite to increase its capital, and that this
should -be effected by a gradual issue of the bank
shares w hich have until now been kept out of
the market. As to the nece.lities of the State, it
will be necessary to economize by diminishing the
expenses of the army, although even when this
is effected the deficit for the coming year will be
great, as there will be the outlay for the introduc-
tion of the new judicial system, and for the indem-
nification of statute duty and tithes. To this
must be added, the sums requisite for the con-
tinuation of the railroads already commenced,
for the telegraphic lines, and for restoring
some degree of order in the unfortunate Crown
lands of-Ilungary and Transylvania. The Minister
then prol.oses-1. To pay over the Sardinian indem-
nification money to the Bank, which will put it in
possession of about 25,000,000 florins in hard cash.
2. A loan, the terms of which will be separately
submitted to his Majesty. 3. New taxes, by the
introduction of which Baron Krauss hopes that the
receipts of the year 1850 will be from 45,000,000 to
50,000,000 greater than they were in 1847. In con-
clusion, he makes a proposal to issue, for the present,
National Treasury-bills instead of Exchequer-bills.

still on the part of shippers or home dealers not much
desire has been evinced to operate. The value of Ma-
labar is 2i-I to 3iel. At Auction 1,200 bags of Singa-
pore were for the most part taken in at 2d to
2id for clean black. White is in small sup-
ply, arid a fair demand exists at 4d to Bd.
Yod Pepper is dull of sale, at 35s to 503 per cwt.
Cassia Lignca is still much wanted, and a further ad-
vance has taken place, as the supply is scanty ; at
auction 230 chests were all sold at 96s to 102 s for good
ordinary and middling. Export sorts of Ginger are still
in limited demand, and can be obtained at rather
lower rates ; at auction 260 bags of African were
sold at 32s to 32s Gd for mid smell. Home trade sorts
are still in good demand, and firm rates are paid. At
auction 900 cases 68 bags of Calcutta were sold at 4/ lOs
to 5/ 15s for good and fine bold, and 30 pkgs of Jamaica at
73s to 86s. In Nutmegs sales to a fair ex-
tent have been made, ard fie m rates are paid;
low to middling brown selling at 2s 6d to
24 lOd, and better sort 3s to 4s 6d, but limed is dull of
sale at 2s 6d for first sort. Mace is not much wanted,
still there is no variation in the value. For Cinnamon
full rates are asked, but few buyers are to be met with.
FRUIT.—We have to re port a further improvement in
the demand for Currants of all descriptions, and an ad-
vance of is per cwt on low and mid qualities. New
Currants are expo cted here in the beginning of next
month. Since our last we have had two cargoes more
of New Valentin Raisins, which are selling at 46s as
fast as they can be delivered. Valencias are very
firm at 40e.

consequence of rather lower rates having
been submitted to for Leeward Mond Rum, a fair busi-
ness has been concluded at is 4d to is 5d proof. East
India is not much wanted, and can be obtained at
Is 3d. Full rates are asked for all sorts of Jamaica,
still only small sales have been made by shippers
or home dealers, and the market is well supported with
ord and mid Forts. The value of 28 to 30 per cent over
proof is 2s 2d to 2s 6d, 32 to 36 over 2s 8d to 3s, and
fine 3s 3d to 4s. Demerara is offered at is 10d to
2s 2d for 28 to 40 per cent over proof. still few
buyers are to be met with. Brandy is in
good demand, and prices are still on the advance.
Sales of Cognac best brands of the vintege have been
made at 4s 4d to 4s 6d per gallon. For all purposes
have been again upon a large scale, and are likely so to
continue. Geneva is held for Is 9d to Is 10d for ordinary
to fine, and at 2s 3d to 3s 3d for fine home trade sort.
There is no variation in the value of British made Spirit.
SALTPETRE.—The market is firm for British Refined,
and at 30s 6d to 31s per cwt a large business has been
concluded. Rough met with more attention from
shippers and home dealers. whilst the rates paid
have been equal to Friday last. For arrival several
' parcels have been sold at 27s 6d per cwt for 5 per
cent refraction, and some parties will not accept these
rates. At public sale 1,470 bags of Calcutta were sold ;
ord to fine 15 to 34 per cent at 27s to 29s per cwt.
Nitrate of Soda has been sold to a fair extent at 12s to
12s 6d per cwt, and holders display firmness.
TALLow.—To-day the quantity of South American
Tallow offered at auction amounted to 1,240 pkgs, and
a part only sold at 33s 3d to 36s 6d, and 219 cks of
Sydney 36s to 37s per cwt; these are lower rates. On
the spot fine P. Y. Candle is quoted at 37s 3d.
OILS.—The demand is still on the increase for Seal
Oil. Sales of pale have been made at 361 to 371, straw
and tinged 331 to 351, yellow and brown 291 to 331 per
tun. A good trade has been concluded in Cod, prices
are higher, and rule at 281 105 to 291, at which the
market is firm. Southern is wanted, and an
advance is offered for all sorts. For low to mid the
value is 291 to 311 10s, and good to fine 321
to 331 10s. Sperm is held with firmness. Fine
Colonial is not to be purchased under 811
per tun, and Headmatter 83/. Of Rape Oil there
are several buyers, pale at 39s to 40s, and brown
38s to 38s 6d per cwt. Palm is held with firmness.
The value of tine is 31s to 31s 6J. For Linseed Oil
sales to a fair extent have been made by shippers.
Prices are higher, and rule at 28s 3d to 28s 6d per
cwt on the spot. For forward delivery several
contracts have been entered into at 27s 9d to 28s.
Olive continues in excellent request. Sales of Gallipoli
have been effected at 431 to 441, Spanish and Sicily 41t
lOs to 421 10s, and other sorts 401 to 411. Cocoa Nut is
still little wanted, and several parcels are pressed for
sale at 30s to 34e. Lard Oil is worth 35s to 40s, and
Ground Nut at 27s to 27a 6d per cwt.

BANK OF ENGLAND.
(From last night's Gazette.)
An Account, pursuant to the Act 7th and Bth of Victoria. cap. 32, far
the ►Peek ending on Saturday, the 15th day of September, 1849.
ISSUE DEPARTMENT.

Notes issued •....... 27,910,900

Government debt .. 11,015,100
Other securities .... 2,984,900
Gold coin and bullion 13,633,823
Silver bullion .. •• .• 277,077