The Sun.
London, England, 1838-11-21 00:00:00

FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE.

FRANCE.
The following letter of Viscount de Chateaubriand an-
nounces a sad event, which will afflict all enlightened men
of every party :
" Sirs,—The sons of the Duke of Fitzjames have done
nie the honour to invite me to announce to France the
demise of their illustrious father. It is with the deepest
feeling of affliction, and of a disconsolate admiration, that I
accomplish tuns melancholy duty.
" I am, &c.,
" CHATEAUBRIAND."
Edward Duke of Fitzjames, great grandson of the Duke
of Berwick (natural son of James 11. and of Arabella
Churchill, sister of the Duke of Marlborough), was born
at Versailles in 1776. He emigrated before the revo-
lution, but his name was struck off the fatal list under the
Consular Government. In 1814 he became Aide-de-Camp
and First Nobleman of the Chamber of Monsieur the
Count d'Artois, afterwards Charles X., and Member of the
Chamber of Peers, where he made himself remarkable by
the prudence and liberality of his monarchical opinions.
After the revolution of 1830 he took the oath of allegi-
ance to the King of the French, but in 1831, when the
hereditary Peerage was abolished, he resigned his seat in
the Chamber, and was twice elected a Deputy for the De-
partment of the Upper Garonne. The sight of M. Fitz-
jmes was of late much impaired, and his health became
in a very precarious state. During the two last Sessions
he did not once address the Chamber of Deputies.—Jour-
nal des Debar.

Professor Broussais died at one o'clock this morning, at
his country seat of Vitry. He was born in St. Maloes in
1773. This celebrated Reformer had acquired an immense
celebrity, and his loss is certainly one of the greatest that
medicine has suffered for some time. The author of the
examination of medical doctrines, the founder of physiolo-
logical medicine, the ardent defender of inflammation and
leeches, has, by the power of his systematical genius, by
the energy of his convictions, by the vivacity, and even vio-
lence of his controversy, shaken medical theories to, their
foundation. During upwards of ten years he (the Professor
of the Military Hospital of Val de Grace), had to
maintain the most animated discussions. He at first found
no adversary, to take up the gauntlet, but when he had
founded a Dissenting sect, preached the most redoubtable
crusade against the doctrine of the school, and propagated
the most violent schism, by which all the powers of the in-
defatigable Athleta could not prevail against the force of
the faculty, the strenuous advocate exhausted all his
strength in combatting a reaction which he could not
overcome.
Like all great reformers and founders of systems, M.
Broussais has done good and evil. Impartial history will
apportion the share of each ; but from this day we may
safely enrol the name of Broussais among the glories of
France.

The Courrier Francais states that ill health would
oblige M. Charles Dupin to vacate his seat at the
Board of Admiralty, and that he would be replaced in
that post by M. Bazoche the commander of the
French blockading
squadron on the coast of Mexico.
M. Charles Dupin is to proceed on a diplo-nattc and
family mission to Naples.

FRENCH FUNDS.--PARts, Novemiza 19.
Five par Cents., lIIf. Sc. 10c. 15c. 90c.
Four per Cents., 105 f.
I bre,- per Cents., 82f. 10c. sc. 20c.
Bank Actions, 2750 f. 2,755 f.
ficnte te Naples, 10`Y: 2 c.
Roman. Five per Cents.. 10;
Spanish Actives, IN 17 173x14.
Spanish Passives, 3h.
Spanish Dit!eyes, 6N.
Belgian Five per Cents., 102 N.
Haytian4n„ 4201:
ItICHANOR Mil LONDON,
t). e month, paper, 25f. 35c.; money, 2.51135 c
I :•.1 re months, paper, 251. 25, : trioncl. 25, 25c.
LATEST PRICES.
Five per Cents. Illf. 20c.
Three per Cents., 8-21. 20c.
Bank Actions, :2755f.
Romans' 10134.
Belgian Loan, 102%.
Spanish Actives, 173(.
Spanish Passives, 3 hi.
Spanish Diftres, 631.
tiaytian Loan, 420 f.

SPAIN.
The Gazette of the 11th publishes a despatch from Ge-
neral Borso Di Carminati, dated Segorbe, the 4th instant,
which stated that the Carlist troops which had laid siege to
Jarica during three days had retired on his approach, and
proceeded in the direction of Castelnovo.
The Eco del Comercio contains a letter from Burgos of
the 7th, mentioning that the Cure Merino was traversing
Old Castile, levying contributions for Don Carlos, and car-
rying with him all the young men capable of bearing arms.
lie was, on the 6th, at Villega. The Carlist chief Blas
Garcia, surnamed Perdiz, died on the 26th ult., of a wound
he had received in a late engagement with the Queen's
troops.

The Chamber of Deputies bad appointed as a Commit-
tee to draw up the address in answer to the speech from
the Throne, Messrs. Martinez de la Rosa, General Seoane,
Arrazola, Rey, Olozaga, Piuhe, and Camaleno.
The following is a summary of General Van Halen's
decree, dated Teruel, Nov. 1

- .
" When the country is in danger, and the difficulty
of defending the province so great, the imperious law of
necessity warrants the use of the most energetic and ef-
fective means. Hitherto we have vainly sought to reclaim
r )bbers, fanatics, traitors, and assassins, by reason, mild
measures, and good counsels. Such indulgence the factious
only appreciate by burning villages, securing rich captives,
and cowardly assassinating poor ones. We in the mean
time are bound down by the law, and obliged to conduct
ourselves in the face of such infamy as if we were in full
peace. We are obliged to respect property and go with-
out food, for want of right to take it ; whilst our foe,
bound by no law, robs and takes what suits him. He
carries off all the male population from sixteen to forty,
so that we are unable to raise the (pintas. Such is the
system of terror established by Cabrera, that he can levy
his contributions without even sending a Commissioner ;
whilst even our presence cannot extract a portion of the
legal taxes. This is making war at too great a disadvan-
tage. The only remedy is to do away with legal ob-
stacles, and endow the military commanders with ample
powers equal to that of the enemy. Wherefore I, Cap-
tain-General of Valencia, Arragon, and Murcia, have
resolved—

" 1. That the kingdoms of Valencia, Arragon, and Mur-
cia are in a state of siege.
" 2. That all the products of all kinds, contributions,
customs, port duties, &c., shall be paid into the military
chest, and go to the supply of the army.
" 3. No paper of any kind to be taken in payment.
" 4. Juntas shall he formed in each capital of the military
intendants, the political chiefs, and a deputy from each
province, presided by the General, for the levy and accounts
of these contributions," &c. &c.
The Sentinelle despyrenees publishes the following letter
from Saragossa :

" The accounts of the murders committed by Cabrera
on the 96 sergeants being now positive, General Van
Halen has issued an order for the execution of 96 Carlist
sergeants. San Miguel is to shoot to-morrow 15 for bis
share of the contingent. The clergyman Lorenzo Borges,
accused of having circulated alarming and injurious re-
ports, and Martin Casanova, a deserter from the company
of Baroca, are also to be put to death. Valencia has set
us the example ; 50 Carlist prisoners have been shot, and
I have been assured that 200 officers have been taken out
out of the depot of prisoners of Majorca, who will be put
to death should Cabrera or one of his partisans perpetrate
any fresh murders."

According to a letter of the same date, inserted in the
Indicateur of Bordeaux, 15 Carlist non-commissioned offi-
cers had been executed at Saragossa on the 12th, and 9
at Teruel. At Jativa 28 persons had been arrested, but
only one was shot.

PRUSSIA.
BERLIN, Nov. 14.—Cologne, it now appears, bids fair to
become our Ireland. Well, but we will not deal by it
ruthlessly, as has been done by its prototype, in times,
thank heaven, gone by. And yet we should have better
grounds for doing so, for though I call Cologne the Prussian
Ireland, it is a comparison ex inverso ; its population, far
from being starved, is thriving in wealth, more so, perhaps,
than that of any other town in the kingdom, and possibly it
is from sheer wantonness of bodily well-being that its popu-
lace lately took it into their head to get up a street tumult,
to the great delight of their priestly instigators behind the
scene. The conferences of our ministers, though frequent,
appear to lead only to a fuller confirmation of the principle
pursued from the very beginning of the quarrel—to abstain
from agressive measures whilst unswervingly repressing
aggression. I am assured that the following is nearly to
the letter, what has been pronounced on the subject by two
high members of those conferences :—" Government is too
much alive to the sense of being in the right to fear Rome.
Every illegal act of Catholic clergymen shall be punished
henceforward, according to the laws of the land. We
shall strenuously resist the Pope ; but being fearless, we
are resolved to despise all timid preparations against future
intrigues."

BERLIN, Nov. 12.—An accident occurred on the 10th
of this month on the iron railroad to Potsdam, by the
fault of the engineer, an Englishman. The locomotive,
the Iris, which was to draw the train of 16 carriages, ap-
peared, when the train set out for Potsdam at 10 o'clock
in the morning, not to be sufficiently powerful. The engi-
neer, therefore, without being authorised to do so, put a
second locomotive, the Her-ules, to propel the train,
which had meantime proceeded to a certain distance. Oa
fixing the train, he imprudently impelled the Hercules
with such violence against the last carriage, that the four-
and-twenty passengers in it were thrown from their seats,
and against each other, in such a manner that several of
them were much hurt.—Morning Chronicle.

TURKEY.
CONSTANTINOPLE, OCT. 21.—Orders were sent on the
20th instant to the Turkish Admiral at Vourla to return
by the first favourable wind with the whole of his squadron
t Constantinople. It having hitherto been very generally
believed that the Porte's intention was to allow the fleet to
spend the greater part of the winter in company with Sir
It. Stopford's squadron, the unexpected intelligence of its
recall has naturally given rise to numerous conjectures.
The alarm occasioned among the Members of the Divan
by the account of the formidable preparations being carried
on at, Sebastopol, and in the southern provinces of Russia,
is assigned as one of the most probable causes of this
.
change that has occurred the Sultan's disposition.
Orders on the same day having been given to the men-
of-war lying at anchor in the Bosphorus to return
into harbour, where they are now actively being dismantled,
it were difficult to reconcile this fact with the supposition
that the necessity of providing for the defence of the capi-
tal has been the real motive of the Ottoman fleet's recall.
It is more probable, that satisfied in his own mind that his
squadron had remained a sufficient length of time with that,
of Great Britain to demonstrate to Europe his earnestness
in wishing to be rid of the incubus of Russian protection,