The Sun.
London, England, 1822-12-21 00:00:00

SEAMEN'S WAGES.

UNION-HALL; DEC. 20.—Thoinas Bramston, seaman,
against William Rutter, Captain of the brig Adridtic. This
was an information (under 5:1 Geo. 111. c. 58, for facilitating
the recovery of seamen's wages) conthicted by Mr. Robinson,
the Solicitor of Clement's-inn, on the part of the coin.:
plainant, and by the defendant in person, and excited eon-
, siderable interest, inasmuch as it was a novel proceeding under
a new Act of Parliament, made in aid of the rights of mari-
ners in the merchant service. The plaintiff was hired at Cowes,
May 16, 1821, at 2/. Ms. per niQnth, to sail withthe defendant
in his brig, then on a trading voyage to Trieste, in the Gulf
of Venice where she arrived on Ist of July The defendant sailed.
from Trieste on the 30th of August, willfully leaving the plain-
tiff on shore, without payment of his wages, and without his
clothes, and to this effect the plaintiffhad obtained and produc-
ed the Vice-Consul's certificate. Tho defendant swore that the
plaintiff had deserted the ship, and had thereby forfeited
both his wages and clothes. Ws defence, however, was not
borne out by any of the circumstances of the case: whereupon
Mr. ALLEN, the Magistrate, made an order for the payment
of the wages and costs, leaving the defendant to appeal to the
Court of Admiralty, under the provision of the Act, if he should
think fit.

'We have lately noticed many instances of the
extreme mildness.of the atmosphere, at so late
a period of the year; but, perhaps, no instance
of premature vegetation is so remarkable as that
of• the budding of the cherry trees, which has oc-
curred in most of the gardens in this vicinity, but
which having become the prey of the numerous
tribe of the finches and other small birds, it is
feared will render the produce di that fruit ex-
tremely scanty in the ensuing summer. An at-
tentive observer will find the ground under the
trees covered with the buds, destroyed as above
described.—(Kentish Gazette.)

, •
IVit. THE SUN.

. . -
THE BISHOli:OP PETERBOROUGH'S EXAMINA-
TIONQUESTIONS.
. ,
( Continued Jim Thursday's SUN.)
• Toleration is a term which we may understand
when applied to Dissenters from the Established
Church, when they have perfect, liberty to
preach their own doctrines in their own places of
worship; but it is quite inapplicable to those
whO profess conformity to the 39 Articles, which
were published for avoiding diversity of opinions,
and no dissent can be tolerated on the part of
those who are bound by Articles for the esta-
blishing of consent touching true religion. But
\if the toleration which these Questions are sup-
posed to infringe denotes the privilege of preaching
dissent from the doctrines of the Church, as well
in our own pulpits as in licensed Meeting-houses,
it is a species of toleration which would shortly
end in the destruction of the Church. The Temple
of our National Religion would be widened in-
deed, as the Council seems to desire ; but, as the
Bishop says, it would be "widened with materials
which wonld soon let down the whole super-
structure. It is highly necessary, therefore, to
examine well the doctrines of the candidate be-
fore he ventures to admit him ; for if they render
him unit for the Ministry of the Established
Church, he must necessarily be rejected; and
though the Church, considered as an edifice,
thereby lose a portion of the materials of which
it might otherwise consist, we must remember
that the stability of an edifice depends not on
the quantity but on the quality of the materials."
By some defect in part of the materials, or by
being badly put together, which could hardly
fail to happen with the most dexterous in har-
monising such discordant elements, there often
happens what is called a settlement, and some-
times the dry-rot in the building ; and therefore
it is highly necessary at all times, though it may
be more so at some seasons Limn others, to ex?,
amine well the temper of these elements before
they venture to put them together--that our
holy Temple may not be daubed with untempered
mortar.
The Bishop still goes on as he began, neither
daunted by all the menaces of his adversaries,
nor seduced by the soft speeches of his friends,
to exercise that discretion which the Church con-
fides to him. That this should be denied him
by these adversaries; is no great wonder, but the
wonder is, that they who profess to be his friends
should deny this confidence. So far from _al-
lowing him the least discretion, they con-
tend that the Royal Declaration " contains
an explicit abolition of this discretionary power,
and that it leans to the side of those who
advocate simple subscription, as opposed to
this minute cross-examination." I must say
this part of the attack upon the Questions
astonished me not a little; and the more I read
the Declaration, the more I am convinced, When
coupled with the Canons of the same Church, that
the full and entire discretion still rests with the
Bishop, and that this discretion must be applied
to the doctrine, and not merely to the subscrip-
tion of the name. If subscription were sufficient
in the estimation of the Church, she never could
have commanded her Bishops to examine. This
examination could never be instituted to any
purpose,—most certainly not to the purpose of
the title of our articles, which are published to
" avoid diversity of opinion, and establish con-
sent touching true religion,"--without an in-
quiry into the doctrine of the candidate. The
same authority that appoints the examination, so
far from declaring against the means, seems to
declare most positively in their favour. This-
Declaration no doubt " provides against the ex-
ercise of private authority or judgment in
any change deemed necessary," or even public
preaching, that may " draw the articles aside
any way." Yet this can never apply to the
Bishop in his public capacity, or in the least mili-
tate against his authority in his own diocese, dele-
gated by the Church, and acting as one of its
most exalted representatives, and especially call-
ed upon by one of its Canons to examine candi-
dates, in a matter too where there is no change in
contemplation, but rather an earnest zeal to pre-
serve the articles pure and inviolate. So far from
" drawing any of them aside any way," he endea-
vours all he can to keep the candidates firm and
faithful to them in the plain, literal, and gram-
matical sense. This is all which the Declara-

on means, when it subjoins these words, as the
Bishop contends, to the former part of the
sentence—that " no man shall put his own sense
or comment to the meaning of the article ;" not
that no sense whatever shall be put on the ar-
ticles, but that no sense shall be put on them
which is inconsistent. with their literal and gram-
matical sense. " If no man shall put his own
sense upon the articles, no sense whatever can
be put upon them. Such an assent would in fact
be an assent to nothing. All therefore which
it can enjoin is, that the articles be interpreted
in their literal and grammatical sense—that they
shall not be drawn aside from this sense, and that
no man shall put any other sense upon them."
The provision, therefore, in this Declaration is
by no means against questions put by the pro-
per authorities, who, if they are to examine at
all, must examine in their own sense ; much less
is it peculiarly pointed at Anti-Calvinists ; but
all these expressions, on the contrary, about lite-
ral, grammatical sense, as Dr. Hey observes,
cc about preachers and readers in the Universities
affixing their own meaning, drawing aside arti-
cles, &c. are all to be understood to prevent
those abuses into which the rigid Puritans had
fallen. Hence we hear bitter complaints, on
their part, of this Declaration abridging their li-
berty, 'which had arisen to such licentiousness ;
and Neale, himself a Puritan, in his history of
that sect, reprobates it as most confused and un-
intelligible. It does, indeed, use general ex-
pressions with particular meanings ; and speaks
as if some teachers neglected the articles, and
yet maintained that they were favourable to
them ; but this was an inconsistency not in the

Decraration, but in the Puritans" themselves ofo
those days, as it is of the present, 'whet a
ever zealous to prove the articles to be is
~
their favour, while they go about reaching
doctrines so contrary to their, spirit. 'rher,
are some ofo these Puritans already in
ng
Church, and there are many more endeavonr2eir
to enter, who would no doubt succeed in tu of
endeavour, if it were not for the timely efforts ,be
Phis and other of our Prelates, to question 1, h
candidates more minutely in-the articles ivlll, u,,
c
are signed by many, and would be signed
more in their present form, who would scrupleti e
sign them in their real spirit. Who then buton
of these. Puritans, or an enemy to the Church' can dispute the right of this Prelate in matters
which naturally come within his own preret
sphere in his own diocese ? Or who can say that;
,
in exercising his authority to the best of 'l
judgment, he oversteps the boundaries of his 0
fice, in proposing_ certain questions which he I:r
the present times thinks expedient, to discri°'
nate the qualifications of those who offer them'
selves for the ministry, to occupy stations of the
most sacred trust, for which he, as Diocesan, I",
chiefly responsible, and therefore cannot be t°''
minute in his examination. It is in this viesc,'
these questions are drawn up, " not to establis''
any new Test or Articles of Faith," but to try the
spirits of the candidates, by applying the old, °
far as they can be applied, in their genuine nricI
full sense, with all that vigour of intellect and I°'
gical acumen, for which this Prelate has shoe`'
forth, in a long life of successful controversy, 5°
pre-eminent.

( To be Continued. )

CANONICL'S•

HICKMAN, the Gas-light-man, whose funeral
we announced yesterday, has been frequentlP
from furious driving, thrown-out of chaises.
On
the last occasion, previously to his fatal accident;
he wished, if ever it again occurred, he nligh
break his neck !—Alas ! how soon has his Pre'
sumptious desire been realized.
FATAL ACCIDENT.—On Thursday afterooon
carpenter employed in one of the large hong°
building near the King's Mews, fell from the
roof to the ground, and was killed on the spot'
lie was engaged in adjusting some rafters, and
is supposed he lost his balance.
Mr. ROBERT GOURLAY appeared before the
Magistrates, to request an order from them; to
compel the overseers of Wily to allow hltn a 0';
ficient maintenance as a pauper. He entered
into a very long detail of circumstances relative
to his situation, the sum of which was, that he
had gained a settlement at Wily; that he had
not wherewith to support himself ; that he di"
not wish to eat the bread of idleness ; he did not
ask for charity, but employment and a sufficient
sum for his labour'. The Magistrates listeneta
with the urmost patience and attention to
story ;, thay were aware of his talents, his into'
grity, and made ample allowance for his eceentri;
cities. Mr. Swayne, of Wilton, in a way which did
credit to that feeling and humanity for which he i 5
eminently distinguished; on inquiring about his
property, was informed by him that he had givef;
1,5001. in trust for the benefit (we think) 0.1
his family, but over which he had no controul•
As for the ring which he had upon his finger
(we believe it was a mourning one), be consv
dered that to be a species of property with which
parish officers have nothing to do. The Magis"
trates fully coincided in this opinion, and senleci,
surprised and offended that snch a subject shoul(1,
have been introduced. The Magistrates ulti"
mately made an order for an allowance of- three
shilliugs per week to the once opulent and gene-
ions possessor of Deptford Farm.—(Sonitizamr
ton Chronicle.)

COAL-MARKET, DEc. 20.
Ships at Market. Ships sold
140 f Newcastle - 98
31 Sunderland • - 23

Price.
38s Od to 45S n
39s Od to 4eks

COURSE OF EXCHANGE, December 17. 4.,
12 6 C. i'•
Ditto, at
12' 3
Rotterdam
12 7
Antwerp
' 12 6
Hamburg!) A7 '9
of !IrS
Altona
Paris, 3 Day's sight - - US'
Ditto
nourtleaux, ditto
c Frank fort ou the Main
Madrid .... -.dire

36-1 Eifec.
Cadiz
Barcelona
37 Effeol—
-33i
Seville
Gibraltar
30i
Leghorn
461
Geriva 43l—Venice, Ital. Liv. 27 50
Malta 45 —Naples 39
Palermo
Lisbon
Oporto
Rio Janeiro
Dublin .... Cork 9 pet Ceut.

BULLION.

Portugal Gold, i n Coin ,
Foreign Gold, iu Bars
New Doubloons
New Dollars
Silier in Bars, Standard

1.0 0 0 0100'
17 G
•• • 0 0 0
0 4 9,1
0 4 11

BIRTHS. 4 of
On Thursday last, at No. 17, Gloucester-place, the if"-
~.
John Braham, Esq., of a son.
On Thuusrssedll3-yluasatre,ilolfrsa.sjono.seph W. Bromley, 13, Bernard'
„rah
street, Rsq
On Thursday last, at the residence of Thomas L. Pe'"-
Esq., Queenborough, Mrs. Humber, of a daughter. at
Yesterday morning, the Lady of Henry Meta, Esch'
Bromley-common, Kent, of a daughter.
_....,'