The Sun.
London, England, 1831-04-09 00:00:00

pelted. to make warlike preparations, corresponding
to those of her.neighbours. M. Sebastiani seemed
to say that the King of Prussia had refused to allow
a passage to the Russian army through his dominions
before the Poles baffled the Russians; and if this be
the case, it would go far to establish that Prussia
had ceased to belong to the conspiracy. With re-
spect to Austria, a curious circumstance was stated
by M. Mauguin, namely, that the keeping from the
knowledge of M. Lafitte, Ex-President of the
Council, the despatch of the Ambassador at Vienna
for two days, that led to the breaking up of that
Ministry. lie admitted, that though the preset),
Ministry had been formed on the principle of avoid-
ing war at all hazards, it bad since seen the neces.ity
of changing its opinion. M. Mauguin contends that
France has no choice in the case of Austria—that
war has been forced on her. The most important
part of his speech, perhaps, is that in which he ex-
amines the question, whether an offensive or a de-
sensive war would be most advantageous to France ?
A defensive war, he observes, may suit a poor
country, intersected by mountains ; but in the case
of a rich and open country like France, a defensive
war cuts up its industry, and enables the invader to
turn its resources against itself. Besides, he very
justly observes, the enemy would renew the tactics
which led to the desolating warfare of La Vendee.
The presence of an invading army would embolden
the disaffected to rise. This speech of M. Mauguin
may be looked on rather as a sort of justification of
France to Europe, than an accusation of the Mi•
nistry; for he seems satisfied that the Ministry have
determined on war. Indeed it is impossible to ar-
rive at any other conclusion after what has taken
place in Italy. War is unquestionably one of the
greatest of evils ; but we fear in the present posture
of affairs it is inevitable.—Morning Chronicle.

SPAIN.

(From the Madrid Gazette.)

The King, our master, has been pleased to trans-
mit to me, under date of yesterday, the following
Royal order :

" The infamous and audacious incursions that the
rebel faction has dared to consummate in various
points of the kingdom, the unexpected events at
Cadiz and at the Isla, and a multitude of criminal
acts of simultaneous penetration in several places,
have fully convinced my Royal mind of the exist-
ence of a club of revolutionists, who, to put into
execution the plans devised in other countries by
the directors and agents of secret societies, omit no
means of realizing the iniquitous work thus pre-
pared for them. Trite it is that the results of such
attempts have been such as must necessarily have
been expected from the valour and decision of my
troops,—from the frequently-proved loyalty of the
Royalist volunteers,—and from the intimate convic-
tion, that when recollecting a period of odious me-
mory, the whole kingdom feels that its felicity and
tranquillity depend on the preservation of its ancient
and venerated laws, and on the throne on which
God has placed me, and where the love and true
fidelity of my subjects have repea'edly preserved me.
hi every direction the revolutionary hordes have
been beaten and destroyed. Every where loyalty
has rejected. with indignation the flattering promises
of perfidy; and finally, in all parts the people have
manifested their disgust at the plots and artifices
which have been introduced for the purpose of ,
seducing their love and respect from the Govern-
ment and religion of their ancestors. But notwith-
standing thee facts, by which I can deduce the
ephemeral bases which sustain the calculations and
machinations of the ill-affected, a wise policy dictates
to me moreover the obligation of preventing crime,
and has convinced my Royal mind that to obviate
the seduction of incautious persons into a participa-
tion of its commission, the penalties hitherto esta-
blished by the laws and Royal orders 'against the'
perpetration of such atrocious and criminal attempts
are not, nor can be, sufficient to deter them, if ante-
rior to their application, the forms and solemnities
adapted to tranquil times are to be observed. With
this view, and considering the measures which,
under parallel circumstances, I judged it expedient to
decree a Royal order on the 13th of January, 1824,
I have in compliance with the opinion of my Council
of Ministers been pleased to resolve, among other
things, the following:—
" Art. I. From this time forward a permanent
and executive military commission shall be esta-
blished in Madrid. _ .

fc Art. 2. Similar commissions shall be esta-
blished in the capitals of the provinces, where their
respective Captains-General shall judge them op-
portune,
" Art. $. These Commissions shall be composed
of a President of the rank of Mariscal de Campo,
or Brigadier, of an. Assessor, who in Madrid shall
be an Alcalde de Casa y Corte, at the selection of
thp Cpptain-General of New Castile, and in the
Kovinces, thp Minister of the Chanaillerist or Au.
diencia, to be nominated by the President of the
Commission, and of six stiffragans of the rank of
Brigadier,, Colonels, or Lieutenant-Colonels, to be
proposed immediately by the Captain General of
this provinces and the others when they shall sub-
mit to me, for my Sovereign approbation, the nes
cessity or propriety of organizing the Commissions
in the provinces under their respective commands.
" Art. 4. To each of these Commissions there
shall be 44010 the number of fiscals and secre-
tar4.s, as the ainount of pro!:-.esseq may induce the
President to deem requisite : he shalt 'propose them
to the Captain-General for his nomination, and they
are to be of the rank of Captain.
" Art. 5. All persons shall be subjected to the
jur;sdiction of these military Commissions, who,
from the date of their respective installations, do
commit the crimes provided for in the Acticles
4,5, 6,7, 8, and 9, of my Sovereign decree of
the Ist of October last; it being the duty of the
Sup,erir)tendent-General of the Police to remit to the
Captains-Genesal (whve they may be organized)
the lists mentioned'in Art. 6, of thg said decree, for
the application to the culprits of the punishment
there expressed, with such others as they may de-
serve fur former act; but the criminals referred to
in the Istaitiele of the said decree, shall be pu-
nished in the [mode and to the extent there ex-
pressi,d,.
" Art. 6. Likewist; shall' be subject to these coin:
missions, those persons, who ftbm the date men-
tioned in the foregoing articles, shall declare them:
selves, ky arms or deeds, enemies to the legitimate
rights of my thrpng., pr partisans of the abolished
Constitution; those who write papeTs or pasqui•
nades towards the same ends ; those who speak
agitipst my sovereignty; those who seduce, or at:-
tempt to seduce, with words, promises, or gifts,
others from their fidelity to my ,oval person, or use
any means that has for its object tb aid the plant' of
the rebel faction ; and those who spread alarming
inteliig„supe relative to the forces of the same, or in
any other way inspire fear in the minds of my paci-
fic subjects.
" Art. 7 to 14 relate to the forms of process.
" Art. 15. The punishment of death, when con-
firmed, xhali be carried into effect by the public ex!
ecutioner, should he he at hand; if not, by the
troops according to subsequent arrt,ingemarits.
" Art. 16. All persons who may be charged with
the cr;roe,-; within the cognizance of the military corn:
missions as expiersed, become deprived of their
privileges, whatever may be t4ir Faals, state,
and condition, without any exception ; for this oh:.
ject, I set aside all orders, laws, and royal patents,
'whiz!) apt in opposition to it. Should the culprit
be an ecclesiastic, it is my will, that although the
commission shall institute his process, it shall be
conducted according to my Royal decree of the 1:11
. cf Sfeptember, 1815, which remains in force.
"'Art. 17. States that the commissions are not
to adjudicate beyond the primes expressed in articles
5 and 6, with the circumstance of their being com-
. 'flitted after the organizatiOn.
Art. 18. The ordinary civil and military tribu-
' nals shall continue to proceed with the. prooesses al-
ready commenced, or that may offer themselves, re-
lative to the aforesaid crimes, until the installation