The Sun.
London, England, 1807-08-13 00:00:00

NEW YORK, JULY 11.

The folloi:viing Address was agreed to at a Meet-
imy. *of the Citizt•ns of Richmond and its
convened on account of the,late outrage:

To the Presideitt vf the thiited Stales,

Sla—Wo, the Citizens 'of Rtchtuond, .111 a-
n,
chester, and their vicinities, and many -other Per-
.
Soni from distant plates, who hate assembled
to take under ;Consideration the lair hostile at-
tack upon the, Frigate Cite:so peak , by a .sritish
Ship tit War, and the murder. of ;.1 .number .of
Arneric in Seamen, in a time Of peace, are impelled
by the strongest motives. to express those semi-
Ments ctt inLiigtVition whiCh I.hB OCcasion Must
naturally inspire., When We reflea ap,:m
the 'uni-
fvrun course Of pacific conduCl which hay bet oh-
szrved by the GOvernment Of' the ;Taited States to-,,
Wards all foreign nations; when we recollect; on the
other hand, the innumerable insults and aggres.,ions
whi-h Great 'Britain has 'hllioled 'on" our just and
la wful comtnerce ; n only cliscoser in this re-
a6tof violence, the consmninatinti of a sySteM
which has for its object the prostration of neutral
rights at the feet of a haughty and ambii iotts Power.
The door of negociltion is finally clo,ed ; the first
blow of war has been szruck.; and the People of
America are cad,:d upon to decide, whether 'they
will rally around tine standard & the ConStitufion,.ot
resign at oni:e the gioliouS independence Which was'
purci tscd by the, v;dour of their fathers, and'f.7e-
:twitted with their blood ? At:a period of such tog-
nitude as the present, peculiarly necessary that.
the People al f iimet*q should display to the world the
devotion 'which they:feel to the tree, mild, and belie
fiernt Government under which they live, and thc..4r
invincible determination to-resist, to the utmost (-x-
-trernity, every outrage on their rights; from what-
eVer que.riet it tnayr proceed, Thii persons who now
address yon, speak not only for themselves, bat for
their cow ry ; they feel that they deliver tlieSenti
monis of the nation ; arid they are confident th.lit they
will find a corresponding etrioticitu the bosoth of
the Chief Magistrate of the Union..
When an aCt of unequivocal hoStility has:beeri
perpetrated ; When, our armed vessels not per-
:bitted to leave our own ports with impunity; when
a British.. Conarvandef 'gives the signal' from our'
very harbours, tor the capture of our ships it 'be-`
ebtries a question, not of reason, but of
Whatever may be the grounds of the contest in
which we are engaged, we -are compelled to close'
in the appeal to. arms stitch has been made 1)). our
Adversary: It is itUrrpiiible to pUlfitle a tempOrising
ta condu,
rwithout engraving a 4 stain on
our national Cha6a.er., The rept:tat:ion. :of our
country is at stake; and it must ntAv''he,'cleCitle&
whether we shall assume the dignified attitude 'of
an independent State, or meanly crouch Linder the
lash of an insolent foe. • • .

No Nation upon carth tins so many &went reasons'
for maintaining a friendly niters:out-Se with the rest'
of the world as the United States. Tail removed
from that bloody-scene of ambition whicli Europe
has exhibited for centuries; pUrseing the even teeoe
of honest inclustry ; regi.,eless of dial illusive glory
which is only to be obtained at the expence of hap
pincss ; anxious only tOr thin solid renown •cvliich
springs' from an, undeviAiing course of justice and
virtue ; too simple for the insidious arts of. courtly
. infrigne, and to refined ihr the exertion Of a 'lawless
power ; they might have flattered themselves 'with
the' hope, that they should 'escape the ravages of
theise confliffi which have desolatcd Old Conti-
ric:la. America has every thing to hope troth peace,
and every thing to, deprecate ft out war. But her
growing Commerce mid rising prosperity, 'cherish-
ed"bk the genial \swim!) cif F.rCedotn, were ob-
jeas too tempting to the'7apacions eyes of a Power
Who arrogates tb herself . the exclusive dominion,
Of the seas. From the moment' when our inde
pendence was establishedi., great &nail) regard-
ed 'With malignant jealousy the progress of a Na
itettwhom she had once held in , bondage. Fipro
that,, Moment, until the present, she has waged an
Open' or concealed w, r against our iedisputable
rights. It would be superfluous to dwell on the
various crimes Which she has committed against
the Utw of NationS; but it may not be improper to
enumerate a few more prominent than the rest,.
which mark the spirit which has pervaded 'her
whole cepdu6t. She had occupied posts Within
our territory, which ought to have been sarren '
dered by treaty ; she haS enlarged the law of coil:
traband beyond the most liberal construEtioH• of
the law of nations ; she has seized our vegseds:
laden with : provisions ; she hai invented a new
system of blockade, extends not merely to
single ports actually invested, but ,to whole coun,
tries with whom she Might be at 'war; she has
modified, restrained, and etilai'ged the 'rights of
neutrals, according to her interest. or caprice, while
her. Courts' of Adiniralty have carried their' edias
into rigid execution ; she has 'denied to neutral
nations the incontestable 'right' to reekport. to a
Belligerent Power the commoditieS 'Which. they
bay'', :fairly ptirehased frotn rt'' of the same
Power--and
.she has bioc,iiaded our ports, arid- hmf.
pressed seamen front -our Vessels;- within our lawful
jurisdii4ion. -But atrocious as these acts mayseem,
they are insignificant when Compared with the
flagrant outrage ...lately committed on the Frigate
Cizesaptak- The most humble sycophantiof great
Britain -has .never yet asserted:her right to search
ship of war belonging to a neutral tiation. A vessel
of this description is as sacred as the..: territory
self—its flag is ,apassport throLighopt the.worid—
and an -insult offered to it is a direa Attack upon
the sovereignty of, the State to which it belongs...-.
A eondoa like this Can neither bo'clefended nor Nil, '
liited—anct it is necessary to, meet,
.the iipproaching
~coutlia with the decision becoming lreetnen.
, .
While sve are 'sensible of the Wag elicit Must
r'sult frrirtr war, red , we are prepa 'CO encourirer
them itl defence of our dearest rights. We are;
ion.fl3o,ot that but one -sentitnent pervades the
:Kople, and w that hoeVer they .o.c:iy
diviesed as to points of demeStic policy, t!icy are
it-tirttctl by one. soul in repelling
t net ceps Power. It remains tor the wisdom of
the Consitints,d Authorities t 9 direct with 'effiefte9
t ),! co,rgw, tiie It 'is' our part to46h,ire
t ‘ou, ~ml 1,0 Cho v. 01 that we
,are -prepared' to

sipport, with- ottr lives 130, fortunes, the Govern-
Weil: of our choice, I..s4ifta every Power upon Earth.
SPENCER RoANE, Chairman.
• THOMAt:3 'RICHisE; .Seeretark.

FRENCH TACTICS.

PECULIAR SYSTEM O BONAPAItTE.

In all the accounts which have been sas yet re-
ceived of the Battle of Friedland, the yiiitory is in-
variably imputed to the superiority of the French
.Taalcs. It is.an‘Objea, therefore; of some interest,
to examine the charaacristie nature of these,Tac..
.tics,--and thereby arrive at a-clear cottiprehenSion of
this singular sysiem—,.-a system whiclii however often
repeated, has still been attended. With the:same sue-
'cess—a systeth,to which the established Ta6tits• have
tis yet. appiied no remedy; or, rather, to which.[ he
confirmed,habitS of men educated in the anticut dis,-
cipline are .as unwilling as unable to accommodate
themselves.' -

This System is comprehended in the following
principles : • •,
1. 'To seleol some partial point of attack, most
frequtittly the enernyte centre, but occasibnalty one
or other of the wings ;• and then,.. strengthening that
part of their own army which is opposed, to the
point of attack, • by drafts from the ether , divisions
to:bear, 41.owti upon. the
,point pf at 1.;i,C,;11 with the ad-
vantage. of Autubets, and, consequently of:greater
physical force.
2.• To countera& the effeel-,Of the weakhess. of the
other divisions By asstgning them a defensive
part only a purpose which evidently requ.iies a less
power than isnecessary to:attack,-.--2.. By some ad-
vantage
,of poition. This is .either natural, as a
strong, position properly so called ; or relative, as
whew the weaker divisions are so placed .as either to,
be proteded by the stronger or, in ease of .dkper:,
sion,.to be enabled to fill in
,with their main body;

3. Thpl),VCs:4iary, the- iitvitable eti.::,;t, of this sis.
tern are—

• That the part of .the ,enemy, which the point
of attack, is almost invariably broken, driven back,.
in a word, defeafed..'
That, in the mean tithe,' the' weaker divisions of
; the army, 'according to this system, are eitber.en-
abled tOMaintain their ground agaiust•the stronger
wings of the enemy, ort hey are.repulsedi and broken.
;4. IF the - Divisions - maintain: -t heir ground, the.
defeat of the Enemy is certain,. complete, and irre-
coverable, • The Main body:of the attacking army
having driven.before it ..the- point!of attack,, has now
wine in-the rear of -I.lloe other divisions of its Ene-
my which-are contending with its.own divisions; the
• divisions of its Enemy, therefore, are.thuibetween:
two bodies-L-411e 'divisions which- they are:in-the ad'
of attacking, and .the -vidorious main body, which,
having accompliShed its own: part, is hastening to
the relief of its divisiona.
-5 1, oh' the other hand,. the weaker divisions of
the attacking Xrrny (attacking according to this,sys.;
ten)) • should happen to be dispersed; 'confident of
t heir • final.:viaory, they exert themselves like con-
querors, with the spirit of lope, and the courage of
victory. .dispute the ground, retreat
inch'by Joel); and if they cannot, preVent, still pro-
trail, their djoat; till the victorious main body shall
to their aid., • •;• • '

6. Vially, and indeed most materially, though
the weaker division's : -of the attacking army should
be• absomtely. defeated, the vidorious ;Main body
'cannot but nccessarily- .recover everything. The
divisions. -of its erterny,
which have succeeded in',
defeating -the weak divisions of the attacking army
mesa be, equally dispersed by their: pursuit, as.:the•
defeated divisions-by their dideat. It is, indeed, an
eoential part of :this system,. to oontrive, that they.
should :be so diversed;by the,scattered flight of the
divisionii defeated. •Brthese ineanS, the vidorions
main body, formed by.exaeleet 'to keep
their ranks, and return from. their pursuit, e:• the
word of 'command, ,and in the very moment- of op-
portunity, have an easy conquest4iver. the'scattered
divisions, which are thus likewise under the cir-.
cumstance of being placed between t wo fires.
Stich is' this celeorated SyStem: Two singular in-
ferences must be dedneed.irbm.it •

That :where: an any attacks-faccording to this
system, the defeat of one part of the.. army ofiti!
enemy is the delat of the whole. ,That the defeat.
of the smaller divisions, by the'delending army, "is.no
defeat' at all ; tbedetiezt, or at least the repulse, .of
these divisi,ons, .being, one ofithe mne a ut the vic-,
tory, of:the dttacking ;army,:
And, finally, that h battlefought„according to
this system, . the first ppe4rapce, must. necessarily hq,
such as must ;.le,ad. to contradiaory results. '11,,A
defeat and dispersion of the, weaker divisions of the
krcnch, .necessarily,induce a conclusion :that .they
have been defeated; • wkilst.the aaual.event of the
battle, .the ferturie of the day in „the centre, is per-
haps-direCtly contrary..
• The above, coosideratiops may account for
,tllO
confused , accounts, which -always folloW,.a.generai'
battle. The above explanation, moreover, :Will 1).•
culiarly, illustrate even the itoporfeCt intellizence as
yet received of the. battle.of Friedland.- . ,

The Rbssian Navy has been-considerably increas-
ed and improved since- the time to win( h thy fol-
lowing passage rehitt3s, ye.t it tray have some inter-
est at preSent. It is extraded from the late LOrd
MACAntNev's Memoir upon the Russian Empire :
"The Russian Marine is far inferior, in every re-
aped, to that of Sweden oiDenmark ; arid, indeed;
whether considered comparatively, or by itself,
exirernely insignificant. For my part, lam liersuad-
ed, from what .1 have heard myself, joined to very.
good information, that a dozen English line-of-battle
ships would' be an,over-tuatch ter all the naval force
of the Russian'Empire. However, they have such
'resources; that; by, proper attentiotvAnd manage-
ment, their marine may- grow considerable, nay be
rendereci even respect able, -but. never can become
formidable in British eyes.- .
borne i workmen., woritiatelv.pulling dawn an
l
old barn, at Kibbleswortivin .the County Ott ur-
_harp, they found F afconsidtgablv number* 441:lent
.silver coins Cif. various, denominations, secreted
hoie in the wail, It is,pOpie4tured thyse coniiilavo
Itt'iri there ever
,s4.o,ce the ;civil war in the teign,of
Ciwde3 the t:licir dates .are all prior to thi4i
eyenf„.