The Sun.
London, England, 1831-08-20 00:00:00

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LONDON,
SATURDAY EVENING, AUGUST 20, 1831.

The discussion in the Chamber of Deputies on
the Address terminated on Tuesday, by a majority
in its favour of 282 to 73; but this large majority
did not vote the Address as originally presented to
the Chamber. Our readers are already aware of
the strong and patriotic feeling displayed on se-
veral passages, particularly that relating to Po-
land, when the discussion was abruptly concluded
in a whirlwind of uproar on Monday. The
matter at issue then was, whether the word cer-
tainty or hope should be used with respect to the
nationality of Poland being preserved, and it was
subsequently suggested by M. Btusos that the
word " assurance" should be substituted. This
apparent concession was eagerly caught at by
M. PERIER, who, according to the account of the
intelligent 0. P. Q., " thus saw, as he thought, a
way of getting out of his difficulty, and avoiding a
total defeat. The majority of the House had pity
on him, as he was so afraid of certitude,' and so
in love v.ith assurance,' the Chamber adopted
the latter word, and the amendment passed as fol-
lows Dans les paroles touchantes de V. M. sur
les malheurs de la Pologne, la Chambre des Deputes
aime a trouver tine assurance qui lui est hien chere;
la nationalite Polonaise tie perira pas.' For a
few minutes after the passing of this amendment,
M. PERIER was in a state of joy and satisfaction.
He imagined he had gained a victory—and would
have continued in his error, had not a wicked wag
let him into the secret that he had been splitting
hairs, and that certitude ' and as ' were
one and the same thing ! For the wag aforesaid,
with the lictionary of the French Academy ' in
his hand, which, with us, is final and conclusive,
showed to our President of the Council that the
meaning of certitude ' is assurance pleine et
cotiere ;' and that the meaning of assurance' is
4 certitude !' This sadly discomposed our Worthy
PERIER, who, but for the shame of disgracing
himself before the Chamber, would have destroyed
the dictionary, and ordered the Academy to be
burnt down. He was, however, somewhat re-
lieved from his sad agitation by the observa-
tions of M. GUIZOT that une assurance' was not
quite so superlative as ?assurance,' the one being
an indefinite, and the other the definite article; and
thus relieved from his oppression, he retired to
dinner. Now this is the way that our President of
the Council interprets the Revolution of July ! !
lie is jockeying about words and indefinite articles,
and tricking about the meaning of certitude and
assurance, whilst Poland is occupied by a Russian
army, and Warsaw invested, or at least surrounded
by the troops of a foreign and barbarous despot !
What do you call this ? I call it contemptible.
However, the amendment was passed by a large
majority ; and now LOUIS PHILIPPE is aware
that the D pities of France, although they re-
present all the Aristocracy and Renders, and
only about a one-hundredth part of the Democracy,
yet even these Deputies require and expect from his
MAJESTY that, by one means or other—by means of
war or of peace—negociations or cannon balls, that
the nationality and independence of Poland shall be
assured; and, mark ye! It is Poland ' which is
spoken of. Not merely the duchy of Warsaw—hut
Poland—the whole of Poland—ancient Poland—
the Poland of history—and now the Poland of
heroes. Lithuania, Volhynia, Podolia, the Ukraine,
may hear this announcement with pleasure, with
hope, and with confidence—for, believe me, if, after
this declaration of the Chamber, so temperately and
almost so fearfully expressed, the nationality of
Poland should not be guaranteed—there is not
a man in France who would guarantee to the
reigning dynasty the possession of the throne
for the short space of one little week. If M. PE-
RIER thinks that he has now the right of abandoning
or saving Poland, as he may feel disposed, let him
venture on the experiment, and he will find that
there
taat
there is a tribunal from which he cannot escape, and
that it is indeed dangerous to trifle with public opi-
nion and national sympathies. If M. PERIER is
really so respected and beloved by the despotic Go-
vernments of Austria, Prussia, and, above all,
Russia, as he pretends to be, then the moment has
now arrived when they may prove affection by grant-

iug to Poland her independence, without war,and
without further conflict. But if they shall refuse to
listen to his remonstrances, and shall dare France. to
the battle, let M. PERIM assure himself, that if
he will not accept the challenge for France, she will
accept it for herself; for the voice of France I:as
pronounced the sentence, La nationalite Polonaise

ne perira pas.'

So says 0. P. Q. and most cordially do we join
with kith in opinion. Let Louts 'PHILIP sacrifice
Poland, and he may rest assured from that unhappy
day that France will call hint to account El r so pr-
versely running counter to the national will, and the
true policy of the national safety. All the world gives
the King of the FRENCH due credit for meaning
well, but they differ with him as to the manner of
doing it. Himself the creature of the revolu-
tion, which has conferred freedom on his country,
why does he attempt to explain away the
only true mode of consolidating and assuring
that freedom to his countrymen ? This is his great
—and we begin to fear—his irreparable fault. France
has won her own freedom, but it is not yet felt to
be her indisputable right, so long as the independ-
ence of Poland, which is only an emanation of that
of France, is left at the mercy of Russia. Nor
can France ever deem herself safe till Poland
has achieved her complete liberty. This being tie
case, we think Louts PHILIPPE only deceives him-
self by hoping to put off the question cf Poland,
or advocating it by negotiation, which serves but
to provoke the contempt of Russia, while it for-
wards her ambitious and cruel purpose of enslaving
the Pules. The trne policy of Fiance and &gland is
the re-establishment of Poland as a powerfd and ,
independent kingdom, and till that be accomplished,
there can be no safe, lasting, or honourable peace.
From the breaking out of the French Revolution,
has not Europe been in a state of armed neutrality ?

The Reform Bill made some slight progress last
night in the House of Commons, when Lord AL•
THORP proposed some alterations in the clauses re-
specting voters, rendered necessary, his Lordship
observed, by the amendment of the Marquis of
CHANDOS•

We regret to find that the spirit of interference
with the habits and amusements of the poor is still as
actively at work as ever. An eager, ungenerous
disposition is developing itself, among those who
from their rank in society ought to know better, to
neutralize the good effects of the Betr Bill, by
limiting the hours at which this favourite beverage
of the lower classes may be sold in the new houses;
as also to deprive the peasantry oldie opportunity of
indulging in t hose few harmless amusements which the
altered circumstances of the times yet enable them ; o
enjoy. The Church, we perceive, is foremost in this
ungenerous work, and professes to see the seeds of im-
morality and irrelig;on in the new Beer Bill, and the
rankest sacrilege in the circumstance of a poor mar',
who has been labouring during the week from sun-
rise to sun-set, enjoying himself on the Sabbath by
an excursion on the water, a gossip on the village
green, or a purchase for his stinted family meal.
We have no patience with such sickening cant.
It is in the very worst taste possible, and
reflects discredit equally on the wisdom, the
piety, and the patriotism of its advocates.
If the Church must be perpetually dabbling
in maters with which it has no concern,
why does it not attack the higher classes? Why
does it not inveigh against the late hours to which
the splendid hotels at the west-end are kept open ?
Why does it not launch its spiritual anathemas
against the causeless profanation of the Sabbath by
at least two-thirds of the aristocracy—against the
Sunday dinners, and evening parties, and routes, of
my Lori this and my Lady that? This, if refor-
mation be so indispensable, would be b ginning at
the right end. But no—your 'churchman is too
discreet, too courteous, too gentlemanlike to inter-
fere with the amusements of the higherclasses. He is
himself a slip of the Aristocracy, and would as soon
cut his own throat, as trench in the slightest degree
upon even the slightest of their countless privileges.
His doctrine is one of expediency, to be promul-
gated or withheld, confessed or denied, stretched or
relaxed, lengthened or cut short, according to cir-
cumstances. He holds that a rich man,—provided
he be also an influential one, and of the orthodox
faith, as respects the perquisites of the Church—has
a right to profane the Sabbath, but that a poor man
has none at all ; that a rich man may drink at all
hours, and to the last excess, but that a poor man
must drink only at stated periods, and to the
most limited extent. That if the one degrades
himself by his vices, he is to be pitied, the other to
be punished. It is this accommodating sort of
spirit which your high orthodox divine wears as
easily as his old shoe, that has brought the Church
into its present helpless condition, and that will re-
duce it to a still lower ebb in point of influence,
unless, discarding cant and intolerance, it learns to
act up to the principles of the religion which it is paid
annually so many millions to support.

Lisbon Gazelles, of the 30th July, assert that the
French have given up all the captured vessels, as
well those belonging to the Crown as to merchants.
This may be so, though we have some doubts. But
what will Don MiGuEL say to the loss of St. Michael's,
the last remaining and largest island of the Azores !
We hope Madeira will follow—and then Portugal :

LISBON, JULY 21.-I'he supplement to the Correio do
Porto of the 16th inst. having published an essentially in-
correct account of the events of the 11th of this month,
relative to the entrance of the French slu“lron into the
Tagus, we arc authorised to give the following suintualy
of these events :

On the llth of July, after two o'clock in the af!ernoon,
a French squadron, consisting of six ships of the line, three
frigates, and three corvettes, forced the great bar and en•
tered the Tagus. At four o'clock it anchored in a line
from the tower of Belem to Lisbon, meantime the Go-
vernment of his Majesty having treated with Baron
Rouisin, commander of the squadron, hostilities ceased,
and on the llth a convention was signed, by virtue of
which France obtained the reparation which it claimed.
Such is an exact summary of these events.
JULY 25.—The Board of Health has issued an edict.
containing regulations to prevent the introduction of the
cholera morbus, by intercourse with vessels from the
Baltic. A similar edict has been issued at Cadiz.
JULY 28.—The Board of Trade has ordered notice to
be given, that as the hostilities with France have ceased,
and the ships captured by the French squadron, as well
those belonging to the Crown as to merchants, having
been restored, there is no a no cause of apprehension for
vessels navigating under the Portuguese flag.

German Papers, received this morning, state that
the cholera was making fatal progress in Hungary
and other places:—
VIENNA, AUG. 4.—The cholera continues to spread
in Hungary, on this side the Danube also, which may be
ascribed in a great measure to the ignorance of the com-
mon people, whu still consider this epidemic as only the
common dysentery, and endeavour to evade the regulation
of the Board of Health. The mortality in Pesth aid
Ofen is already considerable, and it is said that cases of
the cholera have occurred even at Wieselhurg 12 (60
miles from Vienna. In the supply of wheat it is 160::
important, on account of the corn market.
This news has again caused some agitation in the capi-
tal, though it is only now that the military cordon on ti,e
frontiers of Hungary becomes really effective, ail
the measures being now completed by which as