The Sun.
London, England, 1831-07-07 00:00:00

NEW BEER BILL.

Demonstration and incontestable proof, that this Bil
has a tendency to promote sobriety, and not drunkenness,
as the in gistrates and clergy in several counties have in-
sinuated.

Making allowance fur the excitation occasioned by tee
nnve'ty and curiosity of opening a new public-house,
which Soon subsides, it then becomes a matter of calcula-
tion—which system is best, whether a great number of
public-houses be allowed to be opened, or only a ew ?
In a paper written by Mr. Dawes, of the Broadatreet
Brewery, Birmingham, which was read at a late general
meeting of the new publicans, he says—
" I would reply, that the more you increase the houses,
the more you divide the company ; and consequently di-
minish the temptation to drink, 14 enticing each other t)
stay.
" Mathematicians always judge of the truth of any pro-
position, by carrying the case to an extreme. Let us fol-
low the same rule with the increase of houses—let us 91,-
pose that where there is now one house,
there should be
one hundred. !low as there are but a certain limited
number who frequent these houses, what, in such a c tar,
would he the consequence, but that the company would he
divided more and more, according to the increase of the
houses? So that if divided, there would be rally one
customer in each house, for a certain number, and the
remainder would beet no customers at all. When a pet.
:on went into such a house, so situated, be would tall
for his ale ; but finding no company to his mind, he would
go home ; or if he went intnuoother house, he might fioti
it just the same—and it is very unlikely that any man will
sit in a house and get drunk by himself. Now let us go
to the extreme the other way, and suppose there were very
few houses indeed—would not such homes crowded in-
cessantly with comp my, night and rLy, any that one
would encoorsge another to drink, until you could not enter
a !Muse but you would find drunkards. Does not this
show how much the pubic have been deceived by false
representation, by the wrong idea, that the increasing of
public-houses increased drunkeoneee, when it is directly
the reverse? That this is the case, is eretni;libed by
foreigners upon thecontinent; of this! can bear testimony,
by actual observation, CA. there every one is allowed to
sell wine and spirits without licenses; and although these
articles are very cheap, drunkenness does not prevail teethe
extent it does in this country—they do not congregate to-
gether for the purpose of drinking. The reason I now
give, and the early hour at which the houses are closed.
are enough to convince any reasonable man that, ad far as
relates to drunkenness, the magistrates have been wrong
informed.

.....
" I admit there is more ale drank since the passing of
this Act; but that is not owing altogether to the increase:
of houses for the Pale of beer, but chi. fly owing to the
cheapness and better qua ity of the artiee. The agricul-
turists will not find fault with this increase of the sale of
malt, as it has had the effect of raising the prive of barley
at least one shilling per bushel."

A BtsttoP IN TEA ItS.—We understand that
the Bishop of LONDON, when preaching before his MA-
JESTY on Sunday, took occasion to allude must warmly to
the apprehended destruction of the Church, by means of
the Reform Bill ; his Lordship's feelings b:•came actually
so excited, that he at length burst into tears, to the great
astonishment of the Royal visitant, who felt, it is said,
much emb irrassed at this extraordinary effusion of piety.
Some of the congregation were ill-natured enough to say
that the Right Rev. Pastor wept at the antkipated dithi-
nutiou in his princely income.—E•yin Courier. '
The Bill to enable certain Commissioners to
open a nem street from Waterico-bridge to Long-acre, and
florn thence to Bedford-square, passing through Gower-
street to the High North road, has come out of the Com-
mittee, and is making rapid progress in the House of Com-
mons. Th.re is not even a distant apprehension that it
will meet with any opposit. or difficulty in the House of
Lords. The moment this Bill has passed into a law, Mr.
AKNOLD will commence the building of his new theatre,
which he flatters himself will be finished in one year, so
as to enable him to open it for the season of 1832 at the
usual period, the plans and materials being ready.

KINROSS —Stnall-pox have made their ap-
pearance amongst us with a v:ru!ence, which we gave sel-
dom witnessed after vaccination ; no deaths have, how-
ever, taken place. Influenza, too, has paid us a visit, few
families escaping, but the symptoms are generally mild
We may, however, justly say that town and countty is at
present a large bospitA—Scotsman.

A new work, the subject of which is con-
aected with America, to be entitled Tile Dutchman's
Fire-side, shortly be publishe4, from the pen of
PAULDING, the celebrated Americin writer, who divides
With COOPER and WASHINGTON InvING the praises of his
countrymen.

GoDwlN's " St. Leon," in one volume, with
plates, price 6s. constitutes the fifth volume of the
"Standard Novels." The number of the Edinburgh Re-
view just published, speak;ng of the above celebrated story,
thus expresses itself :—" In the hands of a person whose
mind combines the philosophical element with the poetical,
the picture of an undying being—solitary in- the centre of
a busy world, longing to die and to rear, tray be capable
of producing the profoundest emoti.n. This bus been
done by GOnwzx in his St. Leon, where the train of re-
flection of such an immortal—at first joyous, and exulting
in the b3undless expansion of his powers, gradually ink-
ing into sadness, and at lot into an overpowering sensa-
tion of loneliness and desolation—is depicted with a deep
knowledge of the human heart, and in a strain of touching
and mournful eloquence."

JUDGES OF ASSIZE.--Mr. Baron V--
and Mr. Justice G—, the one a very tall, the other a
short man, once going the same circuit, an ignorant
rustic at a county town, hearing them styled " Judges of
Assize," boldly demurred to the appellation, declaring
as his reason, that he never saw two men less of a size in
his life.

Mr. NORTHCOTE teUs us that a Clergyman,
a friend of Mr. OPIE, declared to him that he once de-
livered One of Sir JOSHUA REYNOLDS'S discourses to the
Royal Academy from the pulpit, as a sermon, with no
otiier alteration than in such words as made it applicable
to morals instead of the fine arts.

STATE OF MORALS AND RELIGION AT
MADRID.—I suspect that, among toe upper and middle
ranks in iiladrul, religion is as low as morale; among
them priestcraft exercises very little influence ; and, in-
deed, ridicule and dislike of all orders of relegion form a
very common seasoning to conversation. There can be no
doubt that the occupation of the Peninsula by the French
army, has gone fir towards diminishing the respect in
which the priesthood was formerly held by the great ma-
jority of all classes in Spain. In Madrid, I have never
heard one individual above the rank of a small trwlesman,
speak with respect of religion, er stith affmtion of the
priesthood. There cannot be the smallest doubt that, in
the.capital at least, both the clergy and the friars are sen-
sible of a great diminution in the power which they for-
merly enjoyed ; and their tone and bearing are all altered
accordingly. At present, they, at all events the regular
clergy, yield a little to the tide that has set in against
them. I have been surprised
.to hear the freedom with
which some of the priests have spoken of the state of
Spain. 1 have heard them particularly lament the diffi-
culties that stand in the way of publishing book:, and ad-
mit the oppressive nature of the enactments that regard
education. The clergy have not the same interest ati
friars, in supporting the present system, b-cau:e they have
not the same fears. A revolution that might possibly
chase every monk from th- soil, and which would, at all
events, despoil them of their possessions and terminate
their dominion, would probably but slightly ..ffect the
clergy of the church ; and 1 hare oliserved that, since the
French revolution, their tears have diminished. The ex-
ample of France, in the respect which it has shown for
the rights of the church, they look upon as a guarantee of
their own security ; and, perhaps, justly. Government
still seeks for support in the influence of the church, and
endetvoune, by every means, to keep up this influence.—
Inylies Spain in 1830.
LAWRENCE AND FUSELI.—The very sove-
reigns at Chapelle, it seems, paid court to the
former of these great p tinters. ALEXANDER inserted the
pegs of his easel, and even FRANCIS put on a smile of be-
nevolence, when the aristocratic-looking representative of
English art was presented to him. The Pori was affec-
tionate to hint, and his famous Minister, GONSALVI, en-
treated his friendship. On the otter hand, LAwetlii;E
knew himself and his pasition : one arrogant thought or
look never escaped him; and if ALEXANDER performed a
menial office for him, he placed it not to his own great-
ness, but to the EMPEROR'S condescension. But if LAW-
RENCE was sensitively alit; to the distinctions of ranl,.
Fussiu stood upon the equality of man—the nobility of
genius. The Life of LAWRENCE, just published, is tilos-
trated with three portraits of this eminent painter,, taken
at various periods of his life ; and the life and writings
lx.gs of
FUSEL' have a portrait of this original at tilt
quisitely engraved by DEAN. These two o;;raph•es
may
be ranked among the most popular and artery mite
their dais recently published.

PRICES
OF THE STOCKS
Calk Stock
per Cent Red
:3 per Cent Cons.
per Cent. 89%
Ditto Red 8,)%14
!New 314 per Cent -.99%
3 per Cent Ann. 1726 -
4 per Cent. 19212 .....
link Long APR 1;0 ex pi re
Jan 5, lEtio.
Oct. 10, 1859
Jan, 5, 1880
Apill —
Jaa. 5, 1670 ..... ....

DAY AT ONZ O'CLOCK.
New 5 per Cent.
India Stock ..............» shut
Ditto Bonds 3 pm.
South Sea Stock
pia

'PISCES OF !OAFISH FUNDS
Austrian Bonds —;
razilian Bands —,
.2,tiesioa Ayres Bonds. ...
,Chilian Bonds .... ......
Colombian Bonds ..,
IMto, 1824 ..., —
Osnish ... —
Greek Bonds —
Ditto, 1825 ............
Guatimala. —
Mexican Bonds —
ssittp 182' +„gli

New Ditto -
3 per ('ent. Ann. 1751 ....
Ex. Bilk, £1,000...14 13 15 MI
Ditto 50P...14 13 15 pm
iDitto Small 14 i* 151 m,
. ' Ditto Commercia. b —Prn
Ditto Add — rm.
Bank for Account —
Puts for Account ......
Akins. for July 20

THIS DAT Ar Ott recLocx.
il...esecltt4T, —
'ttlititatt Bonds
IPcrtuguese Bonds
'Prussian. (3M
iDitto. New ....... ...........
Russian —
;Spanish, lit I l5
--- :WI —
French Rentes, sp. c. Vt 50 .
.....-- Exchange ...... V. 5 30c.
3 per cent s4r.
--- Exchange

GENERAL AVERAGE PRICE OF BRITISH CORN
Tor the Week ended July 1. ,
issi, made up from the lietnm:
of the Inspectors in the ditttrent Cities and Towns in England
and Wales, per Imperial Quarter.
Wheat---. 665. 7d.1 Oats 265. Rd.! 41s. 2.A.
Barley 335. 10d.1 Rye --... 395. Pease...--- 40s. 7d
IMPERIAL AGGREGATE AVERAGES OF THR SIX WEEKS PRECEDING.
Wheat—MA. 10d [Oats ..--. 265. 11d.1 8ean5...4.405. 4d.
Barley 35s 6d.1 Rye .....-- 395. 3:1.1 Peare-.... 40s. Id
DUTIES ON FOREIGN cOills.
Wheat— Rd. I Oats 71. Reans--- 9s. &l.
Batley__ -75. 10,1.1 Rye —.—.. od.l Pease— Is. pd.

lir► c *lnt.

LONDON,
THURSDAY EVENING, JULY 7, 1831.

The adjourned debate on the Reform Bill was re-
sumed last night. Sir C. WETHERELL, "as is hi.,
•wont," figured among the wounehest opponents of
Government, and repeated,_for at least the tenth
time, the old stale arguments of the Corporation
robbery and the democratic tendency of the ter
pound franchise. Sir R. PEEL also made an exh'-
bition on the occasion, tliough of a different na-
ture to that furnished by the Ex-ultra ATTORNEY--
GENERAL. Sir CHARLES was gamesome, desultory.
and amusing; Sir ROBERT, prosy, formal, and
long-winded. Sir CHARLES was open, manly, and
incorrigible; Sir ROBERT, suppliant, plausib'e, and
jesuitical. Sir CHARLES spoke of his feelings, Sir
ROBERT of his conscience. Sir CHARLES roared
out, Sir ROBERT whispered," Wolf." Sir CHARLES
was wrathful, Sir ROBERT pathetic. S;r
CHARLES praised the wisdom of our ancestors,
ROBERT hinted at his own. Finally, Sir CHARLES
spoke like a pedant, Sir ROBERT like a Methodist
parson; the one in the dialect of the schools, the
other in the cant of the Tabernacle. Of the Right
Hon. Baronet's style of argument we cannot say
much. Like a horse in a mill, he went round and
round his subject, in the same dull, formal spirit that
he has been in the habit of doing for years past,
whenever the question of Reform has been brought
before the House. As for freshness or animation
of manner or matter, he did not evince a particle.
In fact, he had all the appearance of a man placed
in a false position, who was arguing, and felt
that he was so, against conviction. What could
possibly be tamer than his long rigmarole about
quotations, except his allusion to the present
state of France ? In his reply to Mr. Macau-
LEY'S able contrast between the civilization
of the people, and the barbarism of their Go-
vernment, the Right Hon. Baronet—who had
for . six years presided over the Home Depart-
ment, as with suitable grandiloquence he reminded
the House—was still more unlucky—will more at
sea. He instanced, forsooth, as a proof tl'at the
Government moved side by side with the people
its the march of intelligence and liberality; the
fact that it had repealed the Test Acts and emane-
pated the Catholics! And so indeed it did. But when,
under what circumstances ? Not surely until the
oleventh hour, and even then, not from conviction
but from necessity! The WELLINGTON admi-
nistration was shamed, not reasoned into, libe-
rality. Fear, not intelligence, enlightened it,
It turned its coat, just time enough to pre-
vent its being stripped off its back. And these
rare, reluctant concessions Sir H. PEEL adduces as a
triumphant refutation of Mr. MacauLaY's assertion
that the people were more enlightened than their ritler..!
The Right Hon. Baronet grounded his oppo-
sition to Reform chiefly on the plea that he
was " unwilling.to open a door, which he did
not see the prospect of being able to shut again."
We wonder this plea did net occur to hint before
he consented to emancipate the Catholics; for
most assuredly by that act he opened the door so
widely, that he had no rational prosoect of being
able to shut it again, until the giant Reform
bad marched up to the very altar of the Constitu-
tion. Thus, then, the argument which has de-
cided the Right Honourable Baronet against the
present measure, is the very same which should have
decided him against emancipation. If he refuse
to open the door of the Constitution now, from fear
of consequences, he should have refused to open it
then, for the very same reason. The debate was
closed at the unusual liour'of four o'clock this day,
by a majority in favour of the second reading of the
Reform Bill, of 136.

The electors of Southwark will be much grati-
fied by a perusal of the speech—who-e only fault
was its brevity—of ther young and intelligent
Member, Mr. Wm. BROUGHA3I. This gentleman,
by his candid declaration of opinion,, presents a
striking contrast to the hollow, flimsy, trimming
diatribes of his predece-sor, Sir R. WasoN.

The Belgian question seems beset with difficul-
ties. The party opposed to Prince I..EoPoLD have
acquired additional strength, each day, during the
discussion, and it will not surprise us, from the tem-
per developed in the Congress, to find the Prince's
party in a minority, or rather• the preliminary condi-
tions, on the acceptance of which he agrees to
ascend the throne, rejected. •

The Lishon Gazettes from 13th to 18th June
are filled with extracts from English and French
Papers. • The Gazelle of the 15th announces the
&ppointment of Duke DE LAFOES to the post of
Military Governor of the Province of Oporto. The
ship news continues to notice the French ►nen of
war as in sight. On the 13th the Portuguese
mail arrived in 45 days from Maranham and on the
17th the Portugue,e galley, Santa Pita, in 50 days,
from Pernambuco, with the mail.

The following Proclamation was issued at Brus-
sels by the REGENT, on the sth of July, at four
o'clock in the afternoon:—

Belgians !—The Sovereign Congress is going to pro-
nounce upon the preliminaries of the treaty of peace be..
ttveen Belgium and Holland.
" Whatever may be the decision of this Assembly, it
will solely represent the nation, and will alone possess the
right of giving laws to the country.
" It is of the Sovereign Congress that I hold my powers,
and I have only received them in order that the laws may
be executed. I will not fail in my duty; I will not vio-
late my oath. lam irrevocably decided to fulfil my duties
wftli honour, and I appeal to the honour of the Belgian
ratio') and to their pattiotiam, who will not depart (rim