The Sun.
London, England, 1809-12-13 00:00:00

PORTUGUESE P)IPERS.

I'o TkE tbITOR OF Tht SUN.

. .
. Gtts.,:ADi, Nov. Is.—The French army which ST.E, . . .
occupied la Mancha continues to retreat bafore 'our . The clamour thatthas lately been raisedisaantne of
advancing army. An Sierra Morena is now cony- ! the Opposition PaPers on the subjea of. our in-
pletely fortified. A great number of batteries have i creased Paper currency, and the scarcity 01 the pre-
been construEted, and-are still cowtruaing, and the i elms metals, has induced me to send you the fol-
Men are incessantly employed in erecting new lowing observations. . ,
works. - . . There is, perhaps, noShbje6t on which most men
'Tau xit.Lo, Novel G.—The French evacuated on i find greater difficulty inacquiring clear and defined
the tath inst. the post of Arcebispo and Talavera del ideas, than on this part :cif 0,11661 economy, and
la Reyna; our troops have already occupied the above I most of the writers in these papers seem to have
post, and push their advanced parties as far as Oro- fallen into that obscurity which is so general. I be-
pesa. The head-quarters of this army will this i iieve it Is pretty generally grantede that, with respea
day be trarcsferred to..Paraleda. It is said that a corps I to the internal transatlions of a nation, it is of no
of the army commanded by. the Duke del Parque is i consequence what constitutes the sign or circulating
in Talavera de la Reyna. The guide of that part of • i medium of exchange—whether it ia the gold of the
the army of la Mancha which arrived yesterday, I. Asiatics, or the cowries of the Africans—whether
was dismissed at Dos Barros, one league froth 1 the lumps of iron of Sparta, or the Bank-notes of
Ocana. i England ; nor is it of any ccnsequerice, as far as
LiszoN, NOtr. 23.—The Spanish Papers which llt conceras such a nation, whether this medium is
were yesterday received, state, that the Spanish in greater or less quantity. The quantity of money
armies continue too advance against the Wench, who will always regulate the price of cumniecliliei-.--and
have aWndonell the position's which they occupied. they most inevitably always bear a relation to each
The arrival of his Excellency Marshal General Lord Other. The only advantage then of employing ape-
Wellington at his artny - atibids • .new hopes of , cic as the -circulating medium will arise from. our
glory to-the amts of our ailles:--4tston Diary, Nov. ! transactions with other countries, who refuse to take
23. . ! our paper, and must be paid in cash. The. este.
• • .
tiltslrinent of paper currency, by putting out of cir-
Rio
Decreesof the .Prince Regent of Portugal, dated H
, culation a great quantity of the precious metals, has
Janeiro,' July '6, 1809.
. in, this manner au injurious seffea, and were the
Governors of the Kingdom of Portugal and the
Algarves : Friends', I the Prit.ce Regent send 'unto. balance of trade against us, would deprive us of them
you greeting, as unto ilicAe Is loVe and prize. h.' altogether : but the industry and labour of the coun-
being my principal care to secure,' by any means pos."- try pe‘odueing more than is required for the payment
futile', the independence of my dominions and to de- of our4nelports, -brings et ery year into the county
A suiii9ient :1111110y of cash to answer
liver 'them completely from the cruel enerriie who so. all the par-
trif foreign transatitions. The advantages of
inhutinanlY aod contrary to the goOd laith.of treaties, Poses
and paper currentare tor) obvious to need enumeration)
bah iiivade'd the States of my'Crown in :Europe,
r-ind Mercllents well know the utility. of Bank dis-
has never ceased Making.upon them the most unjust'
war, and it is on the one hand ackno,4 ledgcd that counts. These pro Mote circulation ; and this, in its
in such a difficult crisis nothing can more contra- turn, ievigoiates inclbstry, facilitates trade, end be
butt to the defence of the kinecli.nn than a govern- bets vkiesith. e •
.
ment composed of a small number of individuals, and Orie writer stems to have fallen into a strange
as on the other, ti is indisPensable to preserve e ith . mistake when he asserts, that if all the Bank paper
pinyancient and faiihttil ally the King of Great Bpi- 'IOW in circtilation had. fallen into the flames of:
tain not only the best under Drnry,Lane Theetre, the ster next day money.:standing, but likewise to '
prose to hum in the most evident manner,' that my .I would hate been scarcer, and the necessaries of life.
greater plenty. This by no means would have,
intentioris'are not different from those by which he in
been the tonsequerice.
~ l'his event, by increasing
is animated `in the prornotion of the common cause,' :
that his Britannic Meiesty May 'continue in the seine "•,' the value of (nooy, would bate decreeted the
price, without having any effect on the quivitity of
efficacious mantierto succour Portugal and the whole
1 -- .
Peninsula; and as it cannot be doubled that this the article'. .
•glorious purpose, which i. so ardently desire to effect, I I aim , awilre that the evils of the present time
: have afforded in all ages a favourite topic for decla- •
cad only be attained by the most-extensive, firm, and'
'.mutton ; and hence we find, in our day, many, who
reciprocal confidence, and his Britalmic Majesty '.
attempt to terrify us with the most dreadful accounts
having Made known his priticiples on this Siabject,
.
ad what he judges will most contribute to a happy of our situation-01 the depreciation of money, and
result, and is
of me .. the high price of all tile necessaries of life. Even
.Kingdom of the Peninsula,. I have seen fit to order the sagacious HUME was deceived, and forms one
that you shall be immediately reduced to the nuts- of the long list of false Calculators and pseudo-
ber of three Or two governors, having a deliberative :
Prophets ; a more accurate ex.aminai ion will, how.
and , ever, discover the fallacy of the complaint, and sinew
vote on all ()Was of the public administration,
that these shall be the Patriarch eleet of Lisbon, the that the same labour will purchase a greater quantity
'of commodity et the present day than it did a cen-
Marquis das Menus, and the Marquis Monteira Mor, :I
tury age,. By the table of " the Appreciation of
President of the. Board da Coosciencia e'Ordans,
. ,Money, '. published in the Transaaions of the Royal
Den Francis XaVia de Contra e Menezer, perform-
Society, 4 appears that the depreciation of money
ing the for 4ions of President of the Privy Counsel, to .
,
which place be is appointed by the-present decree.— from. the ;'e +r 36%) to 1800, was .in the ratio of
234.52 to 562 neatly; so • that. 11. in UiBg .WAS
It is further my pleasure to direa you to acknow. ;
)11•-pewer to 21. Ps. 80. in 18(10. . Now the
ledge Sir A. 'Wellesley as Marshal }General of My 'lll-14.al
armies, as long as he shall continue in the cornmaed averege price of wh-at for five years of plerity, end-
ofing in IGt!!.?, was It. Ss..i3ich the quarter, and the
the allied Portuguese anti English forte's, taking.
average of ti,ve years, ending in 1799, ,was only
then his rank over Marshal BerestOrd as Commander
3L 3,1"..5d. Hence, from this account, it is appa-
in Chief, and as soon as lie shall have been recog
nized as such, you will invite him to all the sittings rent thar the wheat was cheaper it, 1799 than it was
of Government, in wilich matters come under dis- in 16.5e't 'and the dednaions of Arithmetic are not
cession which concern the organization of the army, i 10 be tailed by the wailings of despondence or the
financial or murmurings of discontent. •
or important determinations, whether
others which it may be necessary to adopt for the With regard to the scarcity of the precious metals,
:defence of the Kingdom and of the whole •Pcninsilla, Ido not knew that it is injuriously felt, and certain-
taking his opinion and advice on all subleas of that 1Y am not disposed to be much, alarmed, about it;
n3tnre, and should he be absent, in .such cases not conscious that the riches 6f the country consist not
able to assist at your deliberations, you are to apply in its guineas or. Bank -notes, but in the spirit, skill,
for his advice in writing, if possible giving him lull and eoterprize of its inhabitants, and that where.
and
are present, gold and silver will be easily pro-
information of the subjeCt under discussion, in order•
that he may be perfettly acquainted with your dis- cerede. Tittle in the year 1798 about eight millions
cession and determination of matters of the above of bullion were imported into the country; as the
description. In this manner the affairs of Govern- 4 k urplus payment of our foreign trade.
ment shall be conduaed with the utmost energy and
harmony, as icing a's unfortunately it shall not be pbs-
sible to conclude a permanent and general peaett.—•
His Britannic Majesty Will then Le convinced it is
my earnest .:wish to eradicate the general vice of coa-
litions, difference of -opinions between the powers ,
who make common cause, and he will be made per-
fealy acquainted with the orders which I have i
given, and shall continue to give, that the most stre-
nuous efforts shall be made to attain that safe andper-
manent peace, so universally desired, by means of
a grand display of all the forces and resources of my
kingdom, which I can only flatter myself completely
to recover by. the most powerful Means and exer-
tions.

CANDIDUS.

REMARKABLE SUICIDE.

On Thursday,• the, 30th of
_November, Ambrose
Higgins, of East Pennard, in Somersetshire, hung
himself in his dwelling-.house: It appeared in evi-
dence before the Coroner, that the wile of the de-.
ceased had been particularly pressed to. go to Wells
Fair ; she accordingly went. In the course of the
day Higgins performed his usual labour. In the
evening he returned to his house, got a light at a
neighbour's, and went into his own apartment ; was
heard to. go to bed, and all was imagined- well.
Friday morning, not attending his work, it was ima-
gined he bad gime, to Wells for his wife. Saturday
arrived—the same higniries ,and. the same ideas en-
tertained. However; in the evening a Wow-work-
man go! into the house, and there found him hang.-
ing by the neck—of course dead. It appeared he
had stripped himself qni.e naked; tied his legs and
thighs close with a c ord, to prevent his struggling.
He then placed -the rope immediately opposite his
,chin, as he stood at his bed's foot, having first taken
the sheet off his bed, and nio,t curiously sewed it
up in the form of a bag ; then drew it over his head
almost down to his feet. After pinioning hitnsell
.in. that manner, he placed his head, or rather his
chin, into the rope, and swung off. There can be
no doubt he was a long time dying, as the knot of
the rope-was up nearly to the top of his head from
. his poll. An inquest was taken on Monday, the
4th inst. and the Jury returned a verdia,—Felo de se.
lie was buried in a cross-road.

THFf PRTNCE.

Palace of Rio Janeiro, luly 6, 1809.
To the Governors of the Kingdom of Portugal,
and Algarves.--Lishon Gazette, Nov., 21.

An impudent robbery took place last week at Mr.
FOURNEY'S, dealer in spititUous liquors, the corner
of Hand-court, Holborn. . SoMe fellows contrived
in the night to get into his cellar, from which they
removed • a considerable quantity of wine, but not
before they drank a bottle or two in the place, after
which they let themselves out at the shop-door.
A most extraordinary fraud has been committed
by some arch. impostor, who has personated Earl
Percy, and obtained I 8,9001. from some money-lend-
ers, by granting them annuities. The attornies em-
ployed went down in company with the broker,who
raised the money from different persons, and met
the pretended Lord at the Black Bull in Hexhatn,
when he executed the annuity bonds, and received
the money. The loan, it seems, was proposed to be
only 15,001. ; but so eager were the monied men
to accommodate the Heir of the House of Northum-
berland, that they forced upon him 18,0001. and so
numerous were the tribe of gulls, that the impostor
had to sign his name to different deeds 55 times. An
examination was to have taken place last night before
a • Magistrate oel the subje&, but the matter was post-
poned; and in the mean time the most alive inquiries
are set on foot. It was discovered by an assurance
being otlered at one of the officers on tire life of
Earl Percy, which b;ought it to his LordshiVa know-
ledge.

The Anchor and Vine public-house, at Charing;
Cross, and the two public-houses adjoining, in Buck-
ingham-court; have been lately pulled down ; they
were purchased by Government for upwards of
1(1,0001. forthe purpose of enlarging the Lords of.
the Admiralty's house adjoining, and also for having:
a printing-office built for the use of the Admiralty.
Yesterday the Governors. of the Charter-house
met at their Hall : an Oration in Latin was deli-
vered by one of the Scholars, a young gentleman
of the name (.4f- Chtitwyn, preparatory to his going
to the University ;, at the conclusion a collection
was made for him. After which the GO'venlors
withdrew.up stair to an elegaot-diouer.