The Sun.
London, England, 1831-04-26 00:00:00

SPIRIT OF TIIE PUBLIC JOURNALS.

All the statements which have yet been mad,
fail to describe adequately the extraordinary , CETI'
exhibited in the latest morn. tits of the expired Pui-
liament. Sir Robert Peel lost all that placidit
and oiliness of exterior which has hitherto charac
telised him ; he absolutely foamed with rage, and
with a violence of gesticulation and action which re-
vealed the real bit•erness and violence of his feeling:
xo long veiled under the Joseph Siolace demeanour
4._,:laied that on the heads of the King's Minister,
anoold lie the blood of the innocent victims destine,
to fall in the approaching revolution ; as if the wiN.
and timely concessionfi to reason and justice pro.
pose I to be matle by Lord Grey's Government
wire not calculated rather to avert than pro-
duce a revolution ; and in liver forgetfulness
the recent declaration made by Sir Robert or hi,
partisans, that in defence of the rotten boroughs
against the assault of the awakened people of Englatul
he and they were prepared to encounter the horrors
of a civil war. The conduct of Mr. Manners Sut-
ton, in the late closing scene, has produced an im
ression little calculated to promote that gentleman'•
re-election to the Chair. His individual sentiment-
are, it is well known, opposed to the Reform Bill;
but that circumstance ought to have taught him the
propriel of dealing a stricter measure of justice to-
ward.; the present Government, instead of straining
the Orders of the House, as he did, to procure Sit
IL Peel a hearing. Well was Mr. Tennyson war-
ranted in resisting such an exposition of the rules of
debate ; arid ill qualified either by constitutional
knowledge or equability of temper to expound those
r des ? Was the man who did not scruple to affirm
that on the question of receiving a petition in favour
of Reform, it was competent for an expelled and
disappointed Minister to impugn the prerogative of
the Sovereign in dissolving or continuing the Par-
liament ? The prerogative or the dignity of the
Gown are fair subjects for the boroughniongers to
declaim upon, so long as both are subservient to
heir purposes ; but very inconvenient, and very sum-
marily dealt with by them, when the Monarch venture,
to think for himself and to throw himself upon his
people When the sound of the guns, announcing
his Majesty's approach, was heard in the House, Sir
Henry Hardinge was heard to say, that when next
fired those guns would be shoved. Such are the
profound and sagacious views of a military Minister.
—Morning Chronicle.

It gives us great pleasure to find that the Re-
formers are every where on the alert, and suffi-
ciently aware of the exertions which the borough-
mongers are making to perpetuate their tyranny.
But it cannot be too often repeated, that without
organization zeal cannot always be brought to bear
on the enemy. In all the great towns, and espe-
cially those more immediately in.erested in the suc-
cess of ti e Reform Bill, Committees ought to be
loomed without delay, in order to attend to the
raising subscriptions in aid of candidates on the po-
pular side. In this respect Manchester has set a
noble example. In a few how s, on Friday last, five
thousand pounds in aid of the popular cause were
subscribed and paid, and deposited in a bank. A
determination seems to have been taken in Lanca-
shire and Yorkshire to admit of no compromise
—hot t,) have all the representatives thorough
Refurmcls. The lwrouLfhmongers are crafty, and
have no doubt well considered the contents of the
purses of the several Reform candidates. Where
they find them light, there, of course, they will di-
net their efforts. The use of subscrii:tions is to pre-

vent those partial victories. It is not en: ugh that the
reformers of a pait'colar town carry Reform candi-
dates ; if the struggle is mote severe in a neighbouring
town, they ought to be ready with their relief in the
quarter most pressed. One single consideration
ought to determine the people of England to make
the greatest exertions at this time. Why is it that
the boroughmcntrers are opening their purses so
liberally, and moving heaven and earth to prevent
Reform ? Is it not because they are sensible that
Reform would deprive them of the power of plunder.
ing the people to an enormous amount ? In pro-
portion, therefore, to the zeal of the borough-
mongers ought to be the exertions of the people
to baffle them; for we may be sure they would not
he so eager to retain their power, and so hawk at
the idea of losing it, if it were not of immense con-
sequence to them. But, whatever is profitable to
them, is in a greater degree ruinous to the people;
for, in order that they should be able to enrich
themselves at the expellee of the public, a great deal
eel expense must b-2 incurred, which benefits nobody.
When wen are seen subscribing their twenty
thousand pounds to defeat the Reform measure, we
;ray be sure that Reform tvill be of immense benefit
to the people. Two or three considerations ought
to be constantly present to Reformers—turn out all
Anti-Reformers—let no Anti-Reformers be brought
in along with Reformers. A Reformer, who votes
for a Reformer and an Anti-Reformer at the same
time violates his duty. There must be no compro-
mise—let no promises be given to Anti-Reformers.
Englishmen ought to be above allowing private
motives to weigh with them in the discharge of a
sacred trust. We do not address ourselves to
Anti-Reformers. They naturally vote against Re-
iorm, as they would vote for Dan Miguel and the
Opposition, and against everything noble awl ele-
vating. We address ourselves to Reformers, tvho,
if they give a vote to an Anti-Reformer, sin against
their consciences, and ought to be despised for their
baseness. Again, all who supported the Reform
Bill ought to be returned as a matter of course.
With regard to the supplying the places of Anti-
Reformers, let there be union among Reformers.
ft is pitiful to think of private vanities at a season
I ke this. Committees of the most respectable men,
in every place, ought to lay their heads together to
put down all attempts to divide Reformers. This is
the sure way to ullow an entrance to the enemy. 'We
ore glad to find that no opposition is contemplived in
Westminster. In the City Mr. John Smith was
first waited on, and then Mr, George Grote, of the
house of Grote and Prescott. Both these gentle-
.. . .

men declined. The consideration which weighed
with Mr. George Grote, a gentleman who has di--
tinguished himself by his able writings in favour of
Reform, and his zeal fur every praiseworthy object,
was, that already there were four Reformers in the
field, and he would not be accessary to dividing Re-
formers. Since that time several gentlemen of the
City have, we understand, waited on Mr. Grote, to
went.° him that the Livery would not be accessary
to the —turning more than three Aldermen ; and
that as more than three Aldermen would not be re-
turned, if no banker or merchant should mile for-
ward, Mr. Ward would assuredly be re-elected. We
should be sorry to think of Mr. Ward's being re-e!eeted.
This would indeed, be a disgrace to the City. There
ought to be an understanding among the most in-
fluential men of the City to have matters so ar-
ranged, that four Reform candidates are supported.
The three late Members who supported Reform
seem to have a clear claim to preference. At all
events, let no unlucky difference or jealousy weaken
the cause of Reform. It is not the cause of 4.lth r.
man
this, or Alderman that, but the cause of th.
people. It becomes, therefore, the leading men of
the City to overrule all private combinations not in
unison with theDorset
eat 'cause. Surely the two
counties and Somerset will not he
flowed to return an Anti Reformer. Mr. Bankts
and Mr. Dickinson ought to be excluded.—Morning
CYlronicle.

We cannot too often warnthespeople of England
that the battle of Reform is a
Their gracious, and patriotic Sovereign t but half won.
has done his
part; it remains for them to do theirs. It re
for them, by their activity and concentrated dmitit7.
initiation, to defeat the plans which the sons oruption, the boroughmongers are still engageed°
o ming. But in order that they may do this wit:,
effect, it is necessary that they should know with-
out delay (wird we know), and the gracious speech
of his Majesty', with which he prorgued
Yarba-
merit, had hardly pa,sed his lips, when the borough-
mogers eotered into a corrupt combination to de-
featn the object which he !Ind Jill good Merl hare in

view, namely, the ascertaining the real sense of the
people upon the subject of Reform. True to then
principles of corruption, the boroughmongers in-
'tautly met, and determined upon subscribing largely
—for what object ? To put down and smother
the expression of popular feeling in the country,—
o buy the votes of venal corporations, and to Fetter,
o Parliament, to vote against their Sovereign'•
vishe s and those of their country, those very mei
vho have so long fed upon the bounty of the Crown
old who, when they can no longer do so, becom
nore disgracefully factious and more unblushingly
clamorous than ever was the worst Jilountain part!,
in the zvorst assembly of the French Revolution
['he subscription, it is understood, is ample. At the
',cad of it is the spinning-jenny Baronet, who pre-
erved his temper so admirably in the House on
Friday last. Then comes a Scotch Duke, of the
lineage of Stuart; and then an Eng!sh one of the
lineage of Smithson ; and Peers in abundance ac-
cording to their mean:, and some even beyond their
,ns, who are content to die in this last ditch of
"Foiyism. Talk of the interference of Peers, and of
their nomination of Members to serve in Parlia-
ment ! Was there ever such wholesale interference
as this, where the attempt is not to return an anti-
reformer for this or that borough, but to stifle the
voice of a whole nation ? It is said that the room
of Mr. Planta, the ex-Secretary of the Treasury,
presents a curious scene. There the boroughmongers
sit in council ;—there they dole out sums of
money to the different candidates, who are sworn,
before they receive it, to the support of all abuses,
past, present, and fito come ;—there they compose
their manifestoes and addresses, unshackled by the
fetters of grammar ;—and there they strive to inspire
courage into the sinking hearts of those unhappy em-
bryo M. P.'s who already see, in their "mind's eye,"
the reception that awaits them from the unrepre-
sented population of many a corporation enslaved
town. True it is that the candidates of this pre-
cious oligarchy dare not show themselves on popular
hustings. 1 heir utmost ambition is to obtain the
suffrages of a few but gesses, or of a Mayor and Al-
dermen; mid therefore, should they succeed in their
object:, they will present such a hole-and-corner
party as never set was seen in the' House of Com-
mons. But it is desirable that even this success
should be denied them—that the almost unanimity
of the new Parliament in favour of Reform should
at once show the Anti-Reformers the hopelessness
of their cause ; and that the wild and turbulent
spirits in the Upper House of Parliament should
thus be constrained to learn the real wishes of the
people of England upon this question. It is for
these reasons, therefore, that ail are now called upon
in their various stations to labour heart and hand in
the sacred cause, and to defeat the wholesale bribery
and corruption of their opponents. It is strictly accord-
ing to the fifties; of things that the boroughmongers
should try to restore the reign of corruption by such
means, and it is equally according to the fitness
of things that the united will of the people of
England should defeat their schemes. Already
they quail and falter. The glorious dissolution was
the first deadly blow struck at the root of the upas
tree of Tot yism ; and that the corruptionists thought
so, is evidont by the impotent rage and despair with
which they received the news of that event. But
though much has thus already been done, we are not
yet out of the slough of despond; nor shall we ever
be, unless, like the waggoner in the fable, we at once
put our shoulders to the wheel, and impel the state
waggon forward till it has reached the lofty and firm
eminence of Reform. Again we call upon the
people of England to be active and to be united,—
to let private differences and private jealousies be
merged in public patriotism ; and while they rally
round the throne with the cry of Reform, to re-
member that the snake, though " scotched," is not
yet killed ; nor will be ever so, without their mire-
mitring and uni•ed exertious.—Times.
The 10th of next month was the day mentioned
p-o for nii by the Lord Chancellor on Friday last,
from the woolsack, as that on which the said old
Parliament then prorogued by order of his Majes•y,
was to re-assemble. We rejoice to have to an-
nounce that the 10th of May will be put to a far
more honourable arid more gratifying service. The
sad old Parliament will never meet again. But a
meeting will nevertheless take place in London on
the very day above-mentioned,...-a joyous and affec-
tionate meeting,—not of boroughmongers to plunder
the nation and insult it, but a meeting between King
William and his faithful people, the loyal citizens
of this great metropolis, whom our gracious Sove-
reign has signified his intention of honouring with
his Royal presence at dinner. It is needless to say
another word upon this grateful and animating sub-
ject. The heart of every Englishman must tell him
how to manifest his feelings towards such a guest,
—appearing, as he does amongst those whose chit.
dren s childt en, even to the remotest posterity, will
idolize the memory of William IV., as that of the
benefactor, the restorer, and father of his country.—
Times.

The business of electioneering goes on with a
vivacity suitable to the occasion. The enemies of
the people are active and profuse; and when we
consider that they have all the privileges they wish
for, and simply act and subscribe for the purpose of
depriving others of what belongs to them, of haw
much more consequence is it to the party whom it
is attempted to deprikre for ever of their dearest
rights, to repel aggression, and enforce their de-
mands ? We have heard of the subscriptions of
Dukes and other Peers for the unholy cause : neither
is there on our side any disposition to shrink from
the supply of money where money is wanting. Re-
spectable correspondents inform us that there are
above a hundred subscriptions ready, and one of
10,000/. A correspondent of our own offers 100/.
towards the subscription, which he retains till a
committee shall be formed. It is impossible to sup.
port contests without funds. We hope to see the
time, through present exertion, when the public will
may be ascertaind without any expence to the can-
didates. A proposition has been made to Lord John
Russell to support him through an election for the
conivy of Lancaster ; but his Lordship, thinking his
natural force greatest in Devonshire, prefers that
county ; and Lancashire is open to a reformer, as
the colleague of Lord Stanley. Some general, sr-
rangement should be made for the receipt and appli-
ervion of the money subscribed—of course only to-
wards bearing the legal and necessary expenses of
popular candidates. We can hive nothing to do
with concerns of this kind : our own business, and
the services of a more es,ential nature which we
hope to render to the cause, amply occupy us. With
respect to the issua of the general election, we may
be permitted to say thus muchss,rhat as it is obvious
how many returns must be inevitably against us,
from the mere circumstance of the elective franchise
not being in the hand of those to whom it of
right belongs, ail such returns may be consid, red
as made by -Frenchmen, Dutchmen, or Germans :
they have no connection with the people of England,
though the nominees must unfortunately sit, in
this, we trust to them the last, Parliament. But if,
beyond these, there are any great show of Members
really hostile to Reform, we should say that it is a
foul reproach to the people of England, and a proof,
whatever their pr .itssioni may be, that they li4ve
not shown such seal as the occasion requires.
" Our cause and wrongs conjoined,
" Speaking to stones, would make them capable."
Sir Thomas Aciand, it is known, retiree from
Devonshire, Mr. Phillips, the elthst brother to
the Under Secretary of State fur the Home Depart-
ment, and who once represented the county before,
is, it is said, to start for Leicestt ohne. The two
old Members for Hertfordshire are to be preserved,
Mr. Calvert's concern in the miserable affair of gust
• Retford being to be overlooked in consequence of
the good which hascllpr\trrgp --
from that transaction.
tlhnotripte
acriteytoo b Sibr
fLeirrioeplaced .
by
irde at:ideaCgeo l oar: eol
Corbett. Lord Howick has bee.e
requested to !cart
for Northumberland against Mr.
Bell; arid it is

expected that thorough Reformers will be returned
for the counties of Durham, Worcester, Kent, and
Es,ex.— Times.

The cause of Poland is peculiarly sacred in the
:ryes of humanity—it is the cause of a people whose
national existence was destroyed by the most atro-
cious conspiracy of despots that ever disgraced the
Annals of Europe. Previously to the i resent conflict
!'or the vindication of their independence, the
erievous wrongs, the virtuous struggles, the stir-
missing misfortunes of a brave and generous people,
lad clothed their history with a mournful interest,
end rendered them, wherever the human heart is
not insensible to the claims of manly worth and
heroic adversity, the objects of mingled sympathy
rod admiration. Their recent efforts in the field
ega'nst the veteran legions of the gigantic Power
hat so lately threatened the civilized world with a
view inundation of Northern barbarians have proved
that the sons of the heroes of former days have not
legenerated from the virtue of their fathers. A
people who had formerly been the rampart of
Christian Europe against the ruching tide of
Ottoman conquest now roll back, from their
chivalrous army, the desolating flood of Scythian
ambition ; the sword which justice had bared
es wielded by a valour worthy of her cause.
One spirit pervades the ranks of warriors
who have devoted themselves to the service of
freedom. It is a spirit that sacrifices all individual
considerations on the altar of the country. It re-
minds the world of the best days of Roman meg-
nanimity. Even the softer sex, whose virtuoue
influence acts like inspiration upon sterner natures,
partake of the grand emotions which the " patriot
passion" excites. They snip themselves of their
ornaments to present them to the State. They
encourage the warrior to battle—they repair to the
temples of the Almighty to supplicate a blessing on
his arms. Full of the hopes that Heaven and a holy
cause inspires they only cease from the duties of re-
ligion to perform those of humanity. They enter
the hospitals—they seek the places crowded with
the yet breathing victims of sanguinary strife. Over
the beds of pain and anguish they bend like " mi-
nistering angels" to alleviate the miseries of war,
and, in the spit it of that sublime charity which
knows no distinction of creed or country where hu-
man suffering pleads for its protection, they " pour I
oil and wine" into the wounds of the captive iu
vaders who have bled beneath the avenging arms of
their countrymen. Such is the people against
whom the exterminating decree of the Autocrat of
the North has gone forth—a decree by which the
vet), name of Poland, to use the tyrent's own
words, was, upon the filing of the fist cannon,
to be erased for ever from the map of Europe !
This terrible denunciation, too, he dared to launch
against a people whose national independence was
made an object of common stipulation and guarantee
by all the Great Powets, in the Treaty of Vienna,
in the year 1815. At that time it was the obvious
interest of the other European States that Poland
should not only be restored to her independence,
but that her Government should be totally separated
from that of St. Petersburg!). It is known that
Austria and Prussia were willing to accede to such
an arrangement at that time, and to surrender their
shares of the dismembered kingdom, not from any
just sense or restitution, but to raise up a barrier
against the future encroachments of Russian power,
of whose late lot midable increase in Europe they
began to have a secret dread. If a wise and honest
Statesman had then representel the interests of
England at the Congress, such an arrangement would
have been made as would have saved Poland the
necessity of a sanguinary revolution, and spared
humanity the frightful scenes of carnage and de-
vastation which have followed the righteous as-
sertion of freedom. But Lord Castlereagh, who
sacrificed all the great advantages which Eng-
land had a right to expect from the blood and
treasure which she lavished upon the war, pre-
served to himself the gracious smiles of the Rus-
sian despot by delivering up Poland to his disposal
under the sham protection of a treaty which now
' turns out to be a fraud and a mockery, inasmuch
as none of the Powers who were parties to it consi-
dered themselves bound to ask the Autocrat why he
violated the charter of Poland, or even to remon-
strate with him against the atrocious itfjustice of
first goading a people by the most oppressive policy
into resistance, and then proceeding to visit them
with extermination. The Poles have resorted to
that last resource of a stiffeting people—an appeal
to Heaven. The God of Justice has hitherto
crowned their arms with success that bad astonished
the presumption and shamed the glory of the barba-
rian. We hope they will now admit of no interference
on the part of other Powers, who looked on with
signal and disgraceful apathy while preparations were
made to oiler up a whole nation as a holocaust of
vengeance to the ferocious Autocrat. We hope
that Poland will take warning by the fate of Bel-
gium, and consummate by her persevering valour
what her intrepid patriotism has begun. The Russian
tyrant has the impious audacity to say that h s brutal
war upon Poland is to " restore religion, laws, and
morality." If a profligate disregard of oaths and
the most sacred engagements be religion—if oppres-
sion be law, and political fraud be morality—this
war deserves the character which he gives it. If
rapacious ambition could be sanctified by hypocrisy,
the war of Nicholas against the Pokes would
assuredly be most holy. He says " it is the sacred
duty of virtue to struggle against wickedness." The
Poles have acted on that precept, and will make the
Autocrat remember it. May their niumpli be as
complete as their wrongs have been enormous! May
they teach oppression that it is never too powerful
for retributive justice !—Morning Herald.
The experimentalists, the lovers of change and
innovation, are proceeding with characteristic acti-
vity, and are spirting no efforts to turn to the best
account the opportunity that has unfortunately been
offered them. It is the imperative duty, therefore,
on the other hand, of all our countrymen who de-
sire to see only such alterations effected as are con-
sistent with the safety-of the State, to meet these
designing speculators or empty theorists with cor-
responeUng activity, and thus counteract their mis-
chievous exertions. Let the Chartered Companies
of the Bank of England and the East India COM-
pany exercise their utmost influence in the approach-
ing elections to return such men to the new Pair a-
ment as will pledge themselves to protect those
valuable establishments from the destruction me-
ditated against them by the revolutionary Re-
form Bill. Let the boroughs and Corporations
which are threatened with annihilation of their
rights, defend those rights by sending such
men to Parliament as will fearlessly redeem the
trust reposed in thorn. t et the Colonial interest be
exerted to preserve the British Colonies from the
ruin so calmly contemp'ated by the authors and
abetter; of the Revolutionary Bill. The Anti-
colonial policy of the Reforming Cabinet has been
too recently exemplified to require patt'cular` com•
ment ; let the colonial interest, we say, exert itself
against these men and the strenuous efforts of their
saintly allies the anti-sluvery gentry. Let the agri-
Cu!turists bestir themselves in every town and counts
Ito put forward candidates pledged to oppose the re-
volutionary Bill, and, by rejecting it, avert the rui-
nous experiment of a free trade in corn. Manufac-
turers are not less interested in opposing this odious
system of free trade, the canker-worm exoedient of
theorists and reformers, which, by bringing foreign
competition on unequal terms into our home markets
has already effeeed such extensive injury on the
country. Let the ship-owner and fund-holder, both
of whom have received recent proofs of die teede.
care and frieedly heentions towards them of the
Reforming Cabinet, unite with the other great in-
terests. Let all who are disposed to defend rights
and property against rapine and confiscation, optics''
w the utmost the entrance of revolutionists into
the new Parliament. Let all who have any iiiteres
in corporate or chartered rights, in agriculture or ie
manufactures, in shipping or in commerce, in tin
colonies or in the funds, beware of the destructive
tendency, to each and every of these great rights
and interests, of the revolutionary Referee Bill.

Let the exertions of all these classes, and of allwhr
desire the happiness of the country, and the 'inte-
grity of our glorious Constitution, be united,' and•
that happiness and that integrity is secure.—.iltorn-
ing Post.

The people are of one mind—there is no &visit),
among them—they are for. the Bill, and nothing but
the Bill—and, thank God, there is now a spirit
among them which tells us that they will carry it !
A general illumination was expected to have taken
place last night in the city, and the Lord Mayo.
only is to blame that it did not take place.
postponed' it, for reasons best known to himself,
until to-morrow (Wednesday), and the consequent!,
was, that many who had made preparations for illu-
minating, did not put their purpose in execution.
There was, however, a very general illumination ;
And if there had been no illumination, the feelings
of the people were amply evidenced in the course
of the evening, by one of the greatest displays
of national feeling which we have ever witnessed
since the Duke of Wellington's protest against
all Reform, and the shuffling of the Lord Mayor
on the question of the King's visit to the city.
The streets in all quarters were crowded with
visitors—the conversation Was about Reform—and
those who have the imprudence to say tha• Eng.
lishmen, after every other course had failed, would
not achieve their liberties us the people of Paris won
theirs, might have learned a lesson from hearing the
conversation of the various parties who paraded the
street in honour of the measure, and were deter-
mined to fight to the last in its favour. We have
not space either for comments or advic, —indeed we
have scarcely room for what we have now written.
But we cannot omit referring our readers to various
letters from our correspondents, which will, in great
part, supply what we should have said. Their
suggestions are good, and ought to be acted upon.
To conclude, us the Lord Mayor has appointed
Wednesday for a general illumination in the City,
we trust that every one who is loyal to his Sove-
reign, and who is not an enemy to the people, will
manifest his good wishes in the manner most con-
formable to his circumstances. We are for the
measure—the whole measure—and nothing but the
measure; but we object not to amendments, and
!specially to amendments introduced by his Ma-
jesty's Ministers.--Morning Advertiser.

SECON U EDITION.
SUN OFFICE, Seven o'clock.

THE LONDON GAZETTE

OF THIS EVENING.