The Sun.
London, England, 1822-07-11 00:00:00

ASSIZES

Mr. DENISON had understood upon a former occasion
that a plan was in contemplation for having a third Gaol Deli-
very in the year. He wished to know from the Noble Lord
whether that plan• was matured so as to be acted upon during
the present-year ?
The Marquis of LONDONDERRY thought he might say,
in the absence of his Right Hon. Friend, that the plan was ma-
timed, and that it was to be tried in the home counties in De-
cember next.

rooß LAWS.
Mr. NOLAN rose to draw the attention of the House to the
subject of the Poor in this Country. For the urgent necessity
there existed for the Legislature 'to take up this subject, he
need only appeal.to the number of petitions which crowded the
table of the House upon ihe subject of the Poor Rates and Poor
Laws. With regard to 'the Poor Rates it would be found that
they had increased at' least ten fold since 18f0. From a calcu-
lation recently made it appeared that one out-of ten of the po-
pulation were receiving' either tamporvy or permanent relief.
That some remedy ought to beapplied to such a system he was
sure no one would. dispute. Two distinct remedies had been
proposed and agitated both in and out of the House. The one
was of a violent nature, viz. to renounce the system of Poor
Laws altogether. Considering, however, existing circum-
stances, he -thought that that plan was one of danger and
hazard, and more likely to create discontent in the country than
to promote any useful purpose. The effect of his own observa-
tions had been to convince him that the Poor Laws, if properly
regulated, were of great use to the country. If they were to
want an instance of the necessity of such an institution, he
would only refer the House to the present state of Ireland,
which he thought was sufficient to prove the utility of some in-
stitution for the benefit of the poot. Considering, therefore,
that the poor rates were not actually prejudicial to the country,
but that under wise and salutary regulations they might
be brought back to the spirit of the Act. of Elizabeth, the
plan which he should now proceed to propose would have for itt
object the prOper regulation of the Poor Laws. If the present
amount of the population exceeded the call for its labour, then
.he conceded that no regulation of the Poor Laws could be at-
tended with effect; .but if, as he was disposed to believe, that
the inefficacy of the laws was solely owing to their mal-admi-
nistration, then a proper regulation of them would certainly be
of benefit. As far back as the history of the country enabled
them to trace, it appeared to him that the poor were entitled to
support. The language of the books on that subject was ex-
ceedingly cautious ; it only said that the poor were entitled to
a bare subsistence, and certainly the statute of Elizabeth never
calculated on the extent to which poor-rates had since been car-
ried. That statute until the last 20 years had never been sup-
posed to mean that the overseers should. find work for all the
poor in the country, or in default thereof find them subsistence.
The statute provided that the law should be administered
by two or three substantial householders with the assistance
of the churchwardens. Now if the Act had contemplated
the relief of the whole population, it certainly would not
have entrusted the administration of the law to so inadequate
a number of overseers. It was certain, however, that there
had now grown' up a most extravagant mode of relief, and
a most ruinous mode of keeping accounts. This appeared to
him to have been one of the great causes of the increase of the
poor-rate. The other great cause would, he believed, be found
to have arisen from the conduct of 'the magistrates themselves.
They appeared to have paid, in many instances, more attention
• to particular cases than to the intentions of the general law.__
The consequence had been, that it was now an universal rule for
a person to come before a vestry, and declare himself unable to
obtain work,. and'therefore become an annuitant upon the parish
to an amount, not only of the wages paid for work, but of the
property of those from whom his support was to be derived. It
was not a little singular that the rate of wages had been con-
tinually
increasing in the proportion often to one. Another cir-
cnuistance worthy. of attention was, that the rate of wages in
neighbouring districts was frequently very disproportionate, and
yet the manufacturer, whose wages were high, claimed the relief
of the Poor Laws with the same confidence as the labourer whose
wages were low. By a reference to the Statute Book, it would be
found that the faint attempt to correct the operation of the Poor
Laws was the Stat. of (ieo. I. which certainly had had some bene-
ficial effect at the time. The next Act was the 22d Geo. 111.
which was followed, after great consideration, by an Act intro-
duced by an Hon. Member, who, he was sorry, had not himself
introduced this Bill. The important provision of that Act was
the recommendation of Select Vestries and the appointment of
assistant overseers. Those points appeared to him so important,
that in the Bill which he hoped to have the honor of intro-
ducing, he had particularly attended to them. Besides that, ac-
cording to the present system, the assistant overseers were ap-
pointed by the inhabitants assembled by the Vestry Clerk, and
their particular duties were appointed by the inhabitants. Now
it appeared, to him that the Select Vestries ought to be en-
trusted with the power of selecting and fixing the duties of the
assistant overseers. With regard to the Select Vestries, his
alteration would be but trifling. By the present law a power
was given to the Select Vestries of inquiring: into the character
of those applying for relief, and of distinguishing the idle and
dissolute from the willing and industrious. The power was,
however,' only given to the Justice in certain cases, and ex-
tended only to the persons applying fOr relief. But as he con-
sidered this power to be of great importance, and the only sure
foundation of any amendment in 'the'law' he should propose to
extend it to certain cases to which it did not at present apply.
The next power that he proposed to give certainly went further
than the present law. A notion at present prevailed amongst
the poor that they could not be obliged to work out of their own
parish. He had paid attention to the subject, and lie was of
opinion that such a notion had no foundation in law. He should
therefore propose that the overseers or the persons directing the
parish funds should have the power of procuring employment
for the poor in any adjoining parish, providing that the-dis-
tance should not be unreasonably great. The next regulation
which he should propose, provided that the accounts of every
parish should be properly kept. For that purpOse he should
suggest that two lists of the poor should be kept in each parish,
the one containing the names of the poor and infirm, and the
other the names of the healthy and those capable of work.—
Each list should also contain a statement of the amount of the
relief received and the place where, and be signed by the over-
seer or the guardian. These lists, he should also propose,
should be collected quarterly, and forwarded to the Magistrates
of the Quarter Sessions, who should have the power of employ-
ing the able-bodied paupers in any description of work which
they could procure for them. He would also give a power to
the Magistrates to appropriate. the money raised by this labour
to the support of the family of the labourer, either by advancing
it to himself, or, if oecasion.required, by paying it to his family.
The other regulation whi'cli he should propose, went further
than this ; it was, that at the end of every year the lists should
be made up once more, and that another list should he formed
from those paupers who had been longest on the parish, who
should, at the discretion of the Magistrates, be placed out
to labour. The object of this provision would be to make it
the interest of .the poor to avoid applying for relief, except in
cases where it IVas absolutely necessary. He should also pro-
- pose, that the parish accounts be made up and regularly 'audit-
ed.- his object would be to compel the parish-officers to
keep
.a day-book and ledger,—that they should regularly pre-
sent their accounts- to the Magistrates,—and that every facility
Should be .affercled to the parishioners of scrutinizing the pub-
lic accounts.. These were the principal regulations- of the
Bill which he intended to propose. The Honourable Mem-
ber proceeded to make some general remarks upon the pre-
sent law of settlement, and observed, that he thought greater
complaints had been made regarding the litigation produced
by the present law on this point, than had been fairly deserved.
It appeared to him, that to take away the present law would
be productive of great mischief. He had always considered
this question in two lights, ,not merely as affording succour to
the poor, but also as a wise measure of police, which tended to
confine persons 'to those parishes in which they were best
known, and where their characters were most likely to be pro-
perly appreciated. After some further observations on the dif.
ferent powers of the present law, the Hon. Member proceeded
to anticipate some oldie objections which he thought would be
made to the Bill. He knew that no present relief could arise
from the Bill, but all the Legislature could do was to give the
people a facility of relieving themselves. It was -upon the
people themselves that he called, to relieve the country from a
burden, which, if permitted to remain, would prove destruc-
tive to the national prosperity.—(Hear, hear !)-The Hon.
Member concluded by moving, that leave be given to bring in
a Bill to amend and regulate the administration of the Poor
Laws. '
_ _

The Illarquis of LONDONDERRY observed, that he

thought the best way would be to allow the Bill to be read, and
then to suffer the subject to lie over until the next Session.
Without going at all into a consideration of the Hon. Zlember's
speech, he would say that the Bill was not less recommended
to their attention by perceiving that the scope and object of the
lion. Member's Bill was rather to accomplish a better ad-
ministration of the law, and to bring it back to the principles of
the Act of Elizabeth. He thought, however, that it would be
better to give the House time for consideration, and to let the
Bill stand over until the next Session.
After a few words from Mr. MoNck, gave was given to
bring in the Bill.

ALIEN BILL.
Mr. Secretary PEEL moved the order of the day for re-
ceiving the report of the Alien Regulation Bill.
The question having been put that the report be brought up,
Mr. BERNAL said, he felt it his duty to oppose the motion
at present, as there were some of his friends who were not
aware that it would be brought on so early -in the night, and
whom, he knew, had it in contemplation to propose some new
clauses.

Mr. Secretary PEEL, said, that he could not consent to a
further postponement of the measure. It would be competent
w any Hon. Gentleman to propose any new...clauses on the
third reading of the Bill.
After a few words from M.r. BERNAL and the SPEALEIR,
the Report was brought up.
Mr. SCARLETT- said, that as he must soon leave town, he
would take that opportunity of mentioning those clauses which
he should propose., The first had reference to the 10th section
of the Act, by which any Alderman, Mayor, Magistrate, or
Justice, was empowered to remove an alien without reference
to the Secretary of State. He should propose the 'repeal Of this
provision of the Act. The second clause he should submit to
the House was of more importance. He paid particular atten.;
tion to the grotinds on which this measure was argued by Mi-
nisters. They contended that the object of it was simply a Bri.
tish object, and that it was not at all intended to serve the
political purpose of any foreign Power. Every useful end
might, he thought, be fully answered, and be consistent
with the second clause he should submit to the House:—
The end he had in view was, to prevent an abuse of those
powers conferred by the Bill ; lie would therefore propose that
the provisions of it should not extend to any alien unless it ap-
peared from the testimony of one or more credible witnesses be-
fore a magistrate, that such alien was engaged in plans affect-
ing the peace and security of any foreign State in amity with
this country. It was desirable he thought that the docu-
ment containing the evidence thus given should be pre-
served, as well for the purpose of communicating it to the
House; if necessary, as that the alien might afterwards have
an opportunity of grounding proceedings on it, if he should
think proper so to do in defence of his. character. The third
clause-would provide that there should be laid before Parlia-
ment the name of the alien, the description of the particular
acts which led to his removal, the name of the place to which he
had been removed, and from which he had been sent, and this
within one month after his removal, if Parliament were sitting,
or withjn One month after its next meeting. The fourth clause
provided that a specification of the charge should be communi-
cated to the alien, if he so required it, 24 hours before his re-
moval. This lie thought was due in justice to the person so acz.
cused, that he might have an opportunity of refuting the accu-
sation, if he possessed the means of doing so. He recollected to
have heard that when the War Alien Bill was in operation, two
foreigners, who came over here to sue for a debt, were arrested,
and sent out of the country on information, given by some per-
son interested, that their object in coming,over was of a pond.:
cal nature, Mr. Pitt, he, understood, afterwards expressed his
regret at the circumstance.
Mr. Secretary PEEL opposed all the clauses. The first
was unnecessary, as the local Magistrates could not act with-
out special authority from the Secretary of State. No objection
had ever been made to give a return on.. Motion of the,persons
sent out of the country under the Act, and the clause on that
subject was also unnecessary. ' The appeal to the Privy Council,
he contended, was complete without the clause on that subject.
As for the clause limiting the cases in which the Act was to be
enforced, he thought the value of the Bill depended upon its
being a discretionary power in the Executive. Past misconduct
alone might be a good reason for removing an alien.
The House then divided on the bringing up of the first
Clause proposed by Mr. ScARLETT, when there appeared--
For the Clause - - - - - 13
Against it - - - - 39
Majority - - • —26
The brining up of the other Clauses was then negatived
without a division.

A Message from the Lords here announced their Lordships'
assent to several Bills.
THE CURRENCY.

Mr. WESTERN said, tliaiWCvits-i;lOst painful to hifn to
postpone the motion of which he had given notice, but that
several Hon. Members who'Wished to partake in the dikus-
sion, were necessarily absent. Perhaps the House would allow
him to move all his Resolutions except the last, and to post
pone that until Tuesday or Wednesday. It must be allowed
by every one that the subject was one which ought to undergo
a full discussion before the separation of Parliament.
The Marquis of LONDONDERRY said, he had no objet=
Lion to the course proposed by the Hon. Gentleman.
Mr. RICARDO said, that he could not agree to any of the
Resolutions of the Hon. Member in their present form ; seve,
ral of them contained mistakes in fact, and all of them were
pervaded by an erroneous principle.
Mr. HUSKISSON strongly objected the postponement of
the discussion.

Mr. WESTERN was quite ready to proceed, if it were the
desire of the House--(Go on, go on.)—lt might be thought that
he was pertinacious on this subject, but if those who were of
that opinion felt, as he did, the importance of the question,
the unparalleled situation of the country,—the unexampled ruin
that had already spread around,—the apprehension that that
ruin was but the precursor of more exterisiVe evils,—and the
conviction, that all was attributable to the cause to which he
had already called, and to which he was about again to call, the
attention of the House, he was persuaded that they would. not
blame him for his perseverance. It was his most decided opin-
ion, that if the Bill of 1819 were allowed to continue in force,
its operation would involve this and the sister island in the most
unprecedented condition of peril. He utterly denied that
there was any exaggeration in this statement. To exaggerate
on any subject was the worst apology Which the advocate of
any opinion could adopt. Of this fact he was convinced, that,
by the operation of the measure to which he had alluded, two.
thirds of that most valuable class of the community—the culti.
vators of the soil—had, in the course of a few years, and in a
time of profound peace, Been rendered insolvent. The turn of
the landowners would soon come. They would soon be invol-
ved in the ruin of their tenantry. There were very many pro.
prietors of estates, at the present moment, who did not receive
20 per cent. of their rents. That was but a foretaste of what they
must expect, should the present course of policy on this subject
be persevered in. The noblemen and gentlemen of the country
would be dragged down from their elevation, and degraded from
their rank, in a manner which had never before occurred in the
annals of the world. They would have to undergo the transfer
and confiscation of all their property. Adverting to the Bill of
11819, he repeated what he had declared in the former discussion
on this subject, that he had no doubt it originated in a laudable
wish to maintain those sound principles of justice and honesty
by which this country had ever been distinguished. But it was
not too much to say, that, with all their excellence of intention,
the authors-of the measure had fallen into error. Not only the
misery in this country, but the excess of misery which for the first
time had appeared in Ireland, was, he was perfectly convinced,
attributable to the present state of the currency. He had received '
many letters from Ireland, all of which stated, that in the dis-
tressed districts there was a want of employment, a want of
money, not a want of food. Was there ever any thing so anoma-
lous as the present state of 'lreland ? To see a large portion of
the population of a country dying for want, while Minniters as-
serted that in another part of that country there was a super-
abundance of food ! To see human beings starving, with the cup
of plenty close to their lips ! The fact was, that the farmers of
Ireland, having no money, could not employ the poor-4nd that
the poor, having no employment, could not buy food. When
he considered these things—when he looked also at the poor
of this country, who were absolutely at this very moment liv-
ing on the capital of the country, he entertained the most fear-
ful apprehensions -that we should, -ere long, have a high price
of corn arising out of a deficiency of supply. He would read
to the House the 'Resolutions that it was his intention to pro-
pose, and make a few comments on them as he proceeded.--
[The Honourable Gentleman here read his first Resolution,
and at successive intervals the remaining seventeen Resolu-
dons. • Our Readers will find the whole at the conclusion of
the speech.]—Adverting to what had been said of the neces-
sity under which landlords were placed, in the present times,
of being liberal and giving up a portion of their rents to _

their tenants, he said that he held in contempt the use of
the word " liberality," in such circumstances. The landlords
,empyoccsi
had
eemd dnsbio:avvetunees tenantseen=
"maldCde
Were bound to do their duty. They had a right to expect
contractsEl ietclhy undertimh
from their tenants their just due, but they had no right to
uce
finelyoxp could
t morot
ivtuirenatric'd,
ete:ry
n
tiriunrteintt: o'ritio%
fulfil
-nlaeisn
L t hil oocswoAene
.for many years antecedently to the Bill of 1819, were, in fact,
violated by that Bill. It was not just, therefore, td attempt to
hold the tenant to the contracts which he made before that
period. The Hon. Gentleman here entered at considerable
length into a statement of the prices of Corn at various periods in
support of his argument. When he contemplated the situation
of the Landowners, from the highest Peer of the Realm down-
wards ; when he calculated all their outgoings—their fixed pay-
ments----their jointures--their allowances to younger children—
their mortgages—their law agents—their land agents—the neces-
sary appendages of their rank and station, it was his thin and
perfect conviction, that they amounted to full half their actual
rent. Ire absolutely denied,that any of the Landlords of the cowl,
try, from the highest-to the lowest, bad evinced any sordidness
of disposition. It was an aspersion of which he would rather
be the object than the author. On the contrary, • the Landed
Interest had manifested too deficient an attention to their own
interests. Their patrimonial estates were melting away from
them; and the ',operation which was now going on must even-
tually strip them of their rank and property. Witli respect to
the question of taxation, he contended that the natural amount
of any payment was not to be estimated by the pounds, shil-
lings and pence in which the payment was made, but
,by the
quantity of commodities which would be required to produce
the pounds, shillings, and pence in which the payment was
made. To estimate taxation by the quantity of labour
necessary to raise its amount, was indisputably the only
fair means of ascertaining the real pressure on the people.
He most fully believed that the effects of , the Bill of
1819 were not at all in the contemplation of the author
and the supporters of the measure. He put it to them,
and to the House, whether, if they had anticipated what
had taken place, they_ would have enacted the measure?
It could only be in ignorance that the measure was agreed
to. Perhaps he might be accused of aiming at a breach
of public faith. if he were so charged, or rather if he were
so aspersed, he would not say , that he would treat the accusa-
tion with contempt, but he would say that it would not produce
on him the slightest effect. In answer to such an accusation,
he would say that faith had not been kept with the public
debtor.—(Hear!)—There had already been a breach of faith to-
wards the public, and a breach of great extent, productive of the
most pernicious consequences. Had the events which had since
occurred been anticipated in 1819, an arbitration between the
parties liable to injury, a kind of adjustment of their interests,
ought to have taken place. So far, however; was that from
having been the case, he maintained that a great breach of
faith had taken place towards- the public. He apprehended
that the restoration of the metallic currency had been in-
tended merely to do justice to the stockholders prior to
1797. Such an object was, however, totally unattainable.—
In a period of nearly a quarter of a century, how large
a proportion of those ancient proprietors of stock must have
ceased to be holders of stock, and must necessarily and on=
avoidably have converted their stock into land, into manup
factories, and into the means of pursuing all the various
active employments of society. Thousands, however, were re-
ceiving their death-blow in consequeifce of this act of retributive
justice, as it was called; and the confidence which the people had.
hitherto reposed in Parliament, as the conservators of property of
every kind, had been most decidedly shaken. 'With regard to
high prices, it had been asserted by many, that higher money
Prices than those now existing would be injurious to the poorer
classes of society. In his opinion, however, it was indispensible
to the interests of the country, and of course therefore to all the
classes of its pnptilation, that all commodities, that all the pro.
&ice of the earth, and that labour should bear a higher price
than at present. A rapid declension of every interest in the
State would otherwise take place. To what did many per-
sons look for the relief of agriculture ? To an advance of price
occasioned by a reduction in the quantity of produce. , He, how-
ever, maintained that it was not necessary to reduce the quan-
tity of produce for that purpose. He was decidedly for afford,
ing protection to agriculture ; but he would at that very hour
willingly open all-our ports, and allow all the hoarded corn in
the granaries to be poured into the country, or sent to the dis-
tressed districts in Ireland, provided that extended circulation
was afibrded, which was so necessary to the vast concerns of the
country. Were that done, it would soon be found that there was
no superabundance of corn in the country. When did any man
before, see, hear, or read of a cotintryruined}?y stiperabunoance !
Such a thing had never entered into the head of any but modern
philosophers ! The lion. Gentleman, after dwelling on the
present state of the distress of the country, said, that no country
could bear up against distress with so much patience and so
much fortitude. Had it not been for the fatal measure of 1819
no country would have been in a state of greater conifort or more
general prosperity. The Hon. Gentleman, in conclusion, et. -
pressed his regret that he had not done to a subject so interest-
ing and so important„ the justice which it required. He 2teo
Moved the following Resolutions
1. That the Select Committee appointed last Session to in•
quire into the Petitions complaining of the distressed state of
the Agriculture of the United Kingdom, reported, That it was
with deep regret they had to commence their Report by stating 4
that in their judgment the complaints of the Petitioners were
founded in fact, and that at the price of corn, at that time, the
returns to the occupiers of arable farms, after allowing for the
interest of their investments, were by no means adequate to the
charges and outgoings ; and that a considerable portion thereat'
must have, therefore, been paid out of their capitals :—That
the prices of grain have experienced a -still further depression.
viz. from 555. 6d. per quarter of wheat to 455. ; and all other
grain and all other articles having undergone a similar or greater
decline, the insufficiency of the receipts of the farmers to cover
their'cliarges must be proportionably increased, which is further
confirmed by the numerous Petitions on the Table of the
House, representing in the strongest terms their aggravated and
excessive distress; and that in consequence• thereof, the la-
bourers in many districts are destitute of employment anti the
consequent means to purchase food, and have broken out into
acts of violence and aggression, and for which the lives of same
have been forfeited under sanction of the law.

" 2. That it appears by the papers relating to the state of
Ireland,. laid before this House by his Majesty's command,
that serious disturbances had broken out in that country, of
which the demand and collection of rents had been, on the part
of the insurgents, the alleged causes; and subsequent informa.,
tion has been received, that the labourers in agriculture, fiom
a partial failure ,in the crop of potatoes, together with a total
want of employment, and consequent means to purchase other
food, are in the most calamitous and deplorable situation • and
that many have died from the want of nourishment, whilst the
price of provisions still continues so low, as not to afford to the
occupiers of land the means of defraying the various charges to
which they are subject.
" 3. That in the same Report of the Select Committee of
last Session, it is stated, that the measures taken for the re.
storation of the currency have contr4)uted to lower the price
of grain and other commodities generally, and consequently
to cause a severe pressure upon the industry of the country,
and not only to have occasioned a proportion of the fall of
prices here, but to have produced a similar,, though no:
equal, effect in other countries; and, in a degree, to have
ranged the markets of every part of the civilized world.' That
in proportion as all commodities, whether the produce of the
soil, manufactures or commerce, have experienced a depres-
sion of their money value, so must the proprietors havc,,
suffered a direct injury; and whatevenmay be the degree, it
is impossible that the commercial and manufacturing classes
of the community can long continue to prosper, whilst the cul-
tivators of the soil ate rapidly sinking into ruin and decay, and
the labourers suffering in consequence of the want of their
usual employment.
" 4. That soon after the passing of the Act of 177, by whic'i
the Bank of England was restricted from paying. its notes in
specie, the ancient metallic standard of value having been thus
departed from, the currency of the country, co nposed of bank..
notes, became depreciated, which depreciation was evinced,
and may be estimated by the amount of bank-paper money
above 31. 17s. 100. necessary to purchase an ounce of gold ; and
which fluctuating from that sum`to 51. 1 ls. was, on the average
of 18 years to 1816, 41. 10s. 10d. thence to 1819, 41. Is. and tie
last ten years of the war, 41. 16s. Id. That this depreciatieu
may be further and more, accurately estimated by the price of
commodities, particularly of wheat, at different periods, by
which it will also appear that the value of gold was, reduced
by the issue of paper, which became its nearly exclusive
substitute; that the price of wheat, according to the Eton &-
lege tables, upon the average of 150 years prior to thecommence-
ment of the late war, whether calculated in periods of 10 or 50
years, had not exceeded 465. per quarter, and an ounce of gill

-would consequently, during all that time, exchange for 13 bush.
and a half ; that from 1797 to 1.1316, „theaverage pike of wheat
fluethatedfrOM 50s. to 125aaper-quattenailieskverageof.thelast
eight years of the -3t4a. irig.,lol-..,•,l44ataloftsite-averogitcoerthe
tintble period/A:10M. _inn - an aaanae-aniagolalawilnld3tlosarfOrkel
4:// tIY exchange foqtenfahiistiAs ,atiannsteietal:;: Lbw. the Tiriiei
of grain thus.beca*, its: nplunag.llll antltiirataY444,snbillY '
'double in; amount at aurvforineTepoilk,gos rentiokivathand,
• Comm ad hi es acqu ire& aasmallan
.4diaiarmab atlue,an lid. carise-;E,
• (06?4iy- all possessors pr.Exed.
.in-cOp:ae.a aitataired aadjuiatv3latol.
the extent of :alai alteration. „ m„, i: f',....., r: ,T, ;. _.i' ~- ..7*-t
s.‘That the:ayerageprieeCof wheat betwecu the years-1787'.
and 1130 having been therefore in that, currency about 802... per;
Tu
, •
ner, existing leases were formed•according thereto ; - that.
the'aierage price since 1819 has been ;55sanal., and last year.
anti this, aboat 50sa; that, upon the supposition of rent being
.elstimated at one-fourth, or two-eighths of the gross produce, it
is eVident, at ,the price of 505., being a reduction of three-
ti ghths, that so much of the money 'value of the gross produce
is annihilated, as constitutes the present entire rental of the'
kingdom, and likewise so mach of the
,receipts of the occupier
as amount to one-eighth ; that the tenant is, thqefore liable to
Inter ruin if'held to his engagement, or the landlord to the loss
of his income, subject, at the same time, to the payment of all
charges and settlements increased in theit'amounnin the ratio
of the increased nominal or i.naoneyapriee of grain , and other
vommodities ; :and 'in case ormor!gage to the, extent of half
the value, at that period, a reduction of rcntaininroportion to
the falrin the money pfice of *deice, placesathe mortgagee
in full possession of the estate. , • ~ !. - .
" 6.: That, frOm ilieyear 179'7 to 181(1 the country was, with
-:+ hurt intervals; engaged in a war of unprecedented expence ; the
taxes *ere quadrupled, as well as county.and parochial assess-
ments, and a lieaVy public debt created. ,That this period was
-at the "same timendistniguished by extraordinary efforts- of. na,
Ilona] indaatry, applied to its apiculture, manufactures and
aural-fierce, by a facility and: extension of credit int all those
-;,ranches; giving mote . imm ciliate activity to capital, and a con-
sequent extent and complication'of money engagements beyond
all4former Precedent. That the national
.debta, which on the
sth OfJannary, '1793, was n7,989,14/31. at annual charge of
1'.9 I I,oflol.- progressivelyinereaaed to the amotraittaf 795,312,7671.
of capital of varionsalenominations, on the silt:o January, 1822,
;.t.an annual -charge, inclusive of•terniinable'andlife atintlities,
of 30,015;7851.; and-'the:total of taxes, which' -on the sth of
January, 1793, amounted to 17,656,4181. lls: 3d. progressiyely
increased, till, in the year 1815, it amounted to 78;431,4891: :
• That subsequent to the/war it has been reduced ; and:the total
on the sth of,January, 1820, was 60,671,0251.
7. That this taxation has acquired an additional_ eight by
the Act of 1819, and the meastries preParatory thereto, the de-
gree of which can inyart be ascertained by, a cOmpariion of the
price of gold, but more Justly by the tioney price of comnlo...
-dities, by which the' real value of all payments must be deter-
mined :- That the equivalent in gold to 60,871,0254 Was,
in. the for Mer period, - 13,3513,9340z5a; and; in the pie Sent,
15,357,2460z5. ; or in current money Of the former . period,
71:109,992/. ; and that taxation is therefore ftirthel. and un-
justly increased, as paid in gold, 2,298,312:dz5. ,Or:10,438,007/.-
.M medley.: • a ' ' '
" 8. That the average price of wheat of the former period '
-having been 31s. 10d. per quarter, the equivalent of the taxes
-in wheat was 14,228,155 quarters ; and the price, since 1819,
having been on an average 555. 6d. the equivalent at that price
is 21,863,720 quarters ; or, in money, 89,459,0501.-and the in-1
crease of taxation paid in wheat is consequently 7,035,565 quar-
ters, equal to 28,787,233 n ' - - ' '
" 9. That it appears from various evidence, given in succes-
sive Committees appointed to -consider the Petitioni of .the
agriculturists; that the wages of labour of an able husbandman,
did, during the former period, amount to 15 or 16s, per week :a
and that, at 15s. the labour of 5,000,000 of persons for fifteen
weeks, was then equivalent ten. the diScharge .ofnthe
,present.
taxes : That the price of labour being now reduced to adroit
9s. per week, the labour of 27 weeks of -the-iv:Me "number of
persons:. is now necessary; and whith, at los.'per wock,' ~mount;*
to 191,150,0001: ; and that taxation paid in labour is cOnse
quently increased.to the amount of 40,468,-1151-.''t _-:
"JO. That it appears by a tOmparisodbfAliel:4llLal alufde--'
:dared- value of exports of British - nonintaltieifthat 'irrt*
year 1814, the declared • value of the catpditi'liair.4";Bsfta ,:
-and -the official value 36,120,7331. being.'324 PWO.brit.l3,f ' `,
*
declared above the official value ;and that hilt 21 stlie ltiahli
?the declared
in official value amounted to 40,194,893 U and eclare
value to 35,826,0831. being 11 per cent. of the official above
--the declared, making a total decline in vahie of 43 per cent.
and the general price currents exhibit a similar decline : that
the total amount - of taxation in commodities is theteibre equi-
valent to 87,003,3971. of the former period, and the increased
taxation paid in commodities to 26;331,5721. . • i
" It That the further reduction of wheat from 555. 6d. to '
.:455., and other agricultural produce, together with any further
decline in the money, wages of labour, and price ofcornmotli-
-ties, additionally increases the burden of taxation,Las well as
all other charges, both public. and private, upon the property
-and industry of the country to an extent prOportionhte .to stich
further reduction;-and that as wheat never exceeded, upon
-the average, the present rate in the old money standard, -it
must be expected that it will on an average there remain, un-
less enhanced by starcity ; and- that the price of. commodities;
and wages of labour, *ill continue at the Money value they
I:0 w bear, or be further reduced. -
" 12:That such effects could not by possibility have been in
the contemplation of the Legislature, still less of the people of
-England, at the time of the passing the Act of 18)9 ..:-That its
destructive'conSeqta-nces'are now visible-that individuals held
•to their contract, either have been or must be ruined ; an unex-
ampled revolution of property follow, and the burthens of taxa-
-lion become absolutely intolerable.
" 13. That by the -Parliamentary Paper, No. 143,0 f the pr;.
sent Session, columns I and 2; it appears, that from the sth of
Jan. 1798, to the sth of Jan.lßl6, the sum 0f.439,00,82111anfl
•morey, including bills funded; was Ohl intdtlier4Yelsury,ft,
t cccr•an eof loans, for which an 'annual charge* interest•nnd.
.annuities was created of 23,890,0'301. which Sainsaaularted into
a three per cent. capital is cnttrl to 705,334,0001:E5- ~. .i.
-. "*l4."Thatthe average price of gold haVing.lie*during that,
~period 905.-10 d., the equivalent' in, gold to the ini*ey:sodentrand
capital created was .101,293,14 ozs. ; and the 3.:per cant. stock-
being now at 80, the said capital is equal to 140:405-.450 oat, of
gold, at the before mentioned average price otilik -10 d. and
that at the prcSent
.priee• Of gold- of 775, fid. to 160-,40,3U6 (45.;
the diffe.rencea'being 23,311,336 oz,, constitutes an undue gain
to the public creditor, at the expellee of ' the publiCa equal in
money to 110,974,6941. • - •• - '
" 15. 'that the average price Of wheat having been during the
above period 81s. 10d. the'equivalent in wheat to.the Money- so
lent wa512,333,400 quarters ; and the price of 3 per: cent.. stock
being now 80, and wheat at the same average, the equivalent
- would new be 455,533,185 quarters ; but at 55sa 6d. the Average
price since 1819, it is equal to 229,285,478 .quarters, or in
money, 938,159,3301., being an increased gain of 73,782,215
-quarters by the alteration of the currency, !Drain ::money •
301,892,2281. ' -

" lfk 'That the annual charge of 23,-880,0201. created in the
-period above-stated, as equal to 5453,502 Sas., and:ll,-equal to
14127;174 os.4.,•behig an increase of 874,192 ozs, 0r.3;4.03.8881. :
that the above annual charge in wheat was equal to 5,831,370
quarters; is, at 'the average- since 1819, equal.to 8,80,000
..quarters' Or in money 35,196,6861., being an increasedgain
2,799,000 'quarters, or in money of 11,328,3111. and
.that by
.comparison with- commodities and labour,...in the propostion of
4difference of their money value indhose two periods, an equally
undue advantage to the public creditor is proved to have keen
given at the charge of the, public.
" 17. That.all publiccreditors prior to 1798, and others sub-..
sequent, have suffered id proportion to the depreciation that fol-
lowed their respective loans ; that they arc therefore entitled,. in
strict justice, to be paid in money, of value equal to that of
Those periods, and be indemnified for the diminish&l Value of
their income during the interval: That many or Olosevreditors
having probably, in such a length' of time, sold their stock and.
purchased- property,-.haVe since undergone another and more
• fatal injury., by the restoration of the old currency, and conse-
Tient dimimition of the value of their property so bought: on
the other hand, those who lent their money when the currency.
was depreciated below the average of the whole period.,,,gained
a further undue advantage tnan isliewn by the foregoing state-
ment; and the depreciation 4Kas at its greatest-extent during
the latter yeari of the War, when the largest proportion of money
was lent, and capital created; in addition to which the. public
have, upon very advantageoitSternia to the stockholder;reiieetn-
ed a larger capital debt than existed prior to 1797. .
• " 18. That under all these..circumstances, it. is evidently,
indispensibly necessary to take into iminedfateconsideratiyn the
~destructive effect§ that have arisen out of the alteratiOns made
in the currency, by the Acts of 1797 and 1819, as well.respeck-
iing the enormous public burthens created and so augmatited•bY
the Act of 1815, as the revolution, of property in the' vast and
complicated intercourse of individuals throughout-thiS country
occasioned thereby ; in order that, by a final arrangement of
the currency, as equitable to all parties as circumstances will
-admit, or by a reduction of taxation equal to the advance
casioned by
.the Act of 1819, together with the establishment
some principle for the adjustment of private contracts,
;justice snay, as far as possible, be administered to all; and
the country saved from a f,volution of propertyl and also
from a piossure of- taxation beyond the abilitfof the FrOpls,to"
sustain. • • • • • • _• • ,•,, , •

—.,--...-
111 r. RICARPO began.by.observing, that the FfeTi. 'Gentle- '
man assumed that low prices proceeded from the alteration in
the tura:ivy caused by the'Billl3f 1819.; `ibe (AirefttY-t64
the cause to be entirely differentoind tinconnoeteawithlhostati
of the currency. He would state is case, and shOrthdt
might proceed from a: totally, difrerent
'bushels of, COM were now worthen ounce of geld,,,a
before seven bushels brought the same price. 4ltte,liarlitdia.
au tion, of pice, ,and yet no..,alteration; took piate'in iheNtateifc'
: , -1 ; jr,_ '01,17

~.:.: r'

the currency of that country. lf, then, this effect might be
.prpdueed differerft cause, the Iloh. Oentleman's argument
on deli point was invalid. s The Nolte:Member then proceeded
more particularly to' advert to thelroif.' Gentleman's Resolu
tions. He said the Hon. filsildtriran, in one of his Resolutions,;
-7-e.fercd-toAealistress -of Alt itgrlAilitatrietee e-Theleexistence of
let/s ifittq4:l;v* 4itraitto,. t thepe,was a iliN-4sity„of opinion'
as to se 'lir ItSil,)00.411t1
its eage thilribinic.e die :I;#oigiow.typrgA, an alteration
ZJrnrl talceida*in the cutretiq, Which -ineuld lower
• Prldioethe'prodfiCe of the',gauntry.also. StielaMprovenients
- if *. husbandry Ideffect,
e .111,3 in as wou lave the same and
yet nabody,could contend that "an:.altetation in the currency
from such :t-cause, would be ProductiVe of distress: As to the al_
teration of the currency increasing taxation, he (Mr. 11.) thought
it had no effect sufficient to produce the distress which was be-
lieved
to exist; but that question ought to be argued as if no al- .
teration took place in the metallic currency. It was his opinion
.that a country might be distressed without being taxed at all.
:—Even if it were admitted that the nheratiOn in the currency
increased the taxes 20 oe '3O per cent., it was by no means
adequate to account for the existence of the present distress.-
-e-The argument of distress from low prices was by no means
true, because a greater profit might arise from low prices than
high prices. If equal justice were to be done, those who made
hargaini fiorn. 1797
,down to 1809, were as. fairly entitled to
consideration as those who Made bargains from 1809 to 1814.
In one of the Holt Member's Resolutions, he has evidently
made gold the standard of the currency, and why then should
he with to make corn and labour a standard also ? If the corn-
-06 W-et-came and asked that corn should be made the standard of
the currency, so might the sugar-merchant also, upon the same
principle. Often the lion. Gentleman said that the rents were
annihilated, while the taxes still continuedehe hoped from this
declaration that he would give him his favourite scheme of
wishing that the national debt were at once paid off from the
capital of the country. In the 13th Resolution, in *hid' it was
stated; that PrOm the sth January, 1798, to the sth January,
1816, the sum of 459,630,8261. of money, including bills
.funded, was paid into the Treasury on account 'of leans
.for
which there was an ,annual charge of 23,860,0201., wideh
sum, converted into 'a three ,p.er cent capital, was -equal' to
795,334,0001. In this Resolution the lion. Gentleman - com-
mitted an error of no less than 154,000,0001. e because that,
sum was given to the Commissioners of the Sinking Fund, to
purchase up stock with it in the depreciated currency. In his,
opinion it would be extremely difficult to bring together
so many errors in one mass as were pressed into the honour-
able Member's statement. He deprecated the proposition of
the Honourable Gentleman for altering the currency, and
maintained, that so far from its having a tendency to relieve
distress, the effect •of its adoption would be to aggravate all
the difficulties under which the country now laboured. He
had- been unjustly charged by the Honourable Gentleman with
having made in -that Housaan attack upon Landlords. No-
thing-was farther from his intention ;"all he had ever said was,
that he looked upon rents as a marketable commodity, like every
other ; and one -liable totluctuation, according to demand and
supply. It was quite: absurd to suppose that a remunerating
price -had any thing to do with the value of cam The two
questions were completely distinct. The payers of taxes stood,
upon the whole, in a tolerably fair situation ; what they had lost-
by one alteration in the currency they hadTained by anothere:—
Theliouse ought always to bear in mind that the fatal measure
of 1797 ought never again to be resorted to. The. Hon. Member
concluded by expressing his hope that the ;House would put a
decided negative upon the Resolutions.
Lord MILTON said the proceedings from 1797 to 1819 had
been the cause of all the evils. The public creditor lost more
between 1797. and 1814 than they had gained since 1819. Taxes
had raised the expenses of the poor. It had been said the na-
tional debt was a mine of wealth..' He could not allow that to.
be the case with'respect to the, nation at large. It might be a
mine of wealth to the mortgagee; 'but the-nation was suffering
a loss: His delibetate opinion was,- that if 10,000,000 of taxes
had -been taken off at the commencement of this Session,' the
Farmers and Agriculturists would have been saved-front -ruin.
Taxeii.were the great evil, nd it was-idle to suppose any 'Knee'
would accrue to the country without a reauctioivettaXation.
'-.4-Tbe Noble Lord took a general view -dell the arguntentS on
the subject,. anti contended that- there was reined} e- ceps
giving up the-sinking fund. The landed-gentlemen ,rhad Zone
nothing to benefit themselves on this important question. '• -The
'Noble Lord trusted they would come 'forward next year with
votes instead of promises.. With the exception of -the motions
made by the Member for. Winchelsea, and the Member for
York, no measure had been brought forward for the interest of
the country. The Noble Lord concluded by declaring he could'
not agree to the resolutions of his Honourable Friend. Ile
believed the last resolution, in particular, would be productive
of great • evil to the country, and therefore he could not sup-
port it: -
Mr. ROBERTSON said he felt the importance of the ques-
tion beibre the House. The present state of the country was
such, that ruin would ensue, unless Parliament, by wise legis-
lation, averted the evil.
Mr. ATTWOOD thought that the Resolutions proposed by
his Hon. Friend were extremely applicable to the present state
of the country ; and that the ingenuity. of the Hon. Member
for Portarlington had not disproved their necessity.
Mr. -Secretary PEEL - opposed the inquiry proposed at that
late period period of the Sessions. , The House, after the decision en-
tered into not •one month back, could. not, in consistency, agree
to the motion. He be Eyed" the House to consider what the
effect must be, if the douse, by their vote that night, were
to determine that every contract entered into since 1797 was to
be revised. Tne distress in Ireland was to be attributed to the
failure of the potatoe crop, 'and not to an alteration in the sten-
daid. It was essential to the comfort of the labouring classes
of England to have a metallic standard. There was no other
means of avoiding these fluctuations which must take placaun-
eder an irredeeniable paper currency. The. Right lion. (Jeanie-
apen`vent over Resolutions op e ,after the other,. and' contend-
!led that there was not one of them. Which the Muse could affirm.

. _ •
• AleAlderriian HEYOATE" spoke in favour of some of ,the
;JteSoliitioris. 'There were others to.which he could not assent.
F. BURDETT expreseil bis concurrence in last Re.
• sollition, the necessity of making inquiry to ascertain whether
there were any means of getting out of these difficulties. , •
After a.short' reply froM Mr. WLSTERN,, th© gallery was
cleared; but the- Resolutions were negatived without any divi-
sion.-=Adjoirriied at, a QUARTER TO FIVE 4

LIST OF- THE MINORITY

WHO VOTED FOR MR. SCARLETT'S CLAUSE TO THE

ALIEN BILL.
Bernal, R. Phillips, G. R. Western, C. C.
Cradock, Col. Ricardo, I). , Wood, Alderman
Hume, J. Titchfield, arq. of • TELLERS.
amilton,. Lord A. Tierney, Rt. Hn.G. Scarlett, J.
Monck, J. B. Whitbread, S. C. Bennet, Hon.II.G

LA FONTAIN.E.—The naivete and simplicity of
LA, FogrAINE, were very remarkable ; and many traits of his
absence of mind are on record. It must? indeed, have been
great, since it carried him to an absolute insensibility of exter-
nal impressions. One day, 11.1adame2le.Bouilion, in.her way to
Versailles,Met him in a reverie under one of th a trees ol‘ the court.
On her return in the evening, she 'passed him standing in the
same place, and in the same attitude, notwithstanding that the
day had been very dad; and it had rained incessantly. So simple,
unaffected, and retired were his manners, that Mad. de Sabliere,
who gave him an asylum for; some years in her house, once
exclaimed, on the occasion of dismissing . all her servants,
" I have kept only my three animals, my cat, my dog, and my
La Fontaine." His old coat having become very shabby, one
of his female friends caused ‘a new one to be laid by his bed-
side ;,which he puton, and, wore for two, clays, when a friend.
meeting him in the street,- caused him great surprise by corn,
plimenting him on his change of dress. Another time, and
the fact,is incontestible, he carried a party of literary men
to dine at the house of one of Ms friends, whose body he had
followed to the grave only .a few days before. On the porter re-
minding him of the circumstance, ' Good God !" cried La
Fontaine, I could not have thought it had been so long ago."
Neither noise nor conversation disturbed the apparent lethargy
in which 'he appeared occasionally absorbed in his reveries. It
was as difficult to restrain .him sometimes, when on a par-
ticular subject, One, day dining with Moliere and Des-
preaux, he inveighed against the absurdity of making performers
speak aside, what is.beard by the stage and the whole house.
Heated with this idea, he would listen tom argument. " It can-
not be denied,"'exclaitned Despreaux, in a loud key, " it cannot
be denied, that La Fontaine is a rogue, a great rogue, a villain,
a rascal," . &c. &c.. multiplying his terms of abuse, and in-
creasing the loudness of his voice., Fontaine, without paying
'any.regard-to the abuse, went on declaiming. At last the com-
pany's roar of laughter recalled him to himself. " What is that
laughter about r! he asked. "At what ?" cried Despreaux,
" why at you, to -be sure. You haVe not heard a word. of
the abuse which I have been bawling in your very cars ; yet
you are surprised at the folly of supposing a performer not to
hear what another actor whispers at the opposite side of the
stage." One. proof ,more of his absence of mind. When he
went to present his Sables to the King, it appeared; after he
hid delivered a very good address, that he had forgotten the

.Vrious rumours are afloat respecting the route
(4.11(1r. A BtIiCTIONIIY. Soine. say he %vent direct
tolEdinhuigh=Otiterstha t a Meeting was arranged
`-eoirliurbain. 'Another report. states that he" Ids
,gpite ;t:toLtititis,'lhr-tonsequenFeok: a previous ar-
4telinieee'nie4A %Ili It . the parties. •
- -

FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE.
~3,,,r,..-4.1.../.....
f,
nig, J1,5•Ar.1:. ~ ' -by tolok,s, An t
l':41a011-hlAtktAT,
\l,
,-S:, '-St• 41',#:47:144A),>*.4‘ -1*-
***#i'4llioettfifiiii4 4440/;;;*etial (tlit:i
BM& has ecCiiii4,.: t*'.able mab*A.:**iffelt he htut*-
Biped for ciOting biNt#treleyiietr4Frai4e, from'lhe
rebels commanded by Queitilla. Yesterday, at six in the
morning, the latter debouched froM his position at Otcho-
garia rithout firing a single shot. Seeing themselves cut
off, the emigrants refused to 'fight, and retired into the
centre of the Valley of Runcal. In that position' they were
still more compromised, as the national troops were stationed
in their rear on the heights of Banca, between the Valley of
Runcal and France. We expect every moment to hear of a
decisive action; as the Rebels can no longer avoid the combat.
All the, accounts, therefore, which have been circulated for
some days of their pretended successes are false.' An indi-
vidual who has arrived here, and who was for five days in the
centre of the army of Quesada, says, that it consisted of only
1;500 men, the greatest part of them peasants, seduced by
the gold which was profusely circulated—There were not
above 300 capable of fightifig."--(Constituilonnel.)

TRIESTE, JUNE 18.—An English vessel ar-
rived yesterday from Corfu with dispatches
for Sir T. Maitland, and letters from the
lonian Islands ; their contents are favourable
to the Greeks. There has been a battle be-
tween the Souliotes and the Turks, which last-
ed three days ; the Turis were repulsed, and
the Souliotes made 600 prisoners, amongst whom
Were 50 Turks of distinction, whose ransom has
been fixed by the,Greeks at 500 purses. In this
battle the Greeks lost one of their bravest Chiefs;
Captain Kissos Zavellas. A corps of Moraites
has arrived at Missolonghi to reinforce the Sou-
liotes and besiege Prevesa. General Normann
has also advanced with another corps towards
Artq. Prince Maurocordato has arrived at Mis-
solonghi with General Tahokos and several
Foreign. Officers, to direct the military operations
of Epirus. They came by sea with a considerable
corps of troops and eight pieces of cannon.
Markos Botziaris is about to embark for Albania
with 1000 men, to manoeuvre in the rear of
Chourschid, whilst 500 Souliotes attack him in
front and MaurOcordato by the way of •Arta.—
The same accounts state the capture of Nauplia ;
the garrison was to embark on board English
Vessels.
The Provisional Government- in order to
prove that the blockade of the_Turkkh ports is
not merely a paper blockade,slras destined 12
ships, of war.for the blockade of -Patras and the
Gulph of Lepanto ; the same ships will observe
the coasts of Albania. One ship cruizes before.
Modon, one before Coron, two observe Athens,
Tour Eubea, six the Gulf of Thessalonica, and
eight the strong placeslof Crete. Four Austrian
vessels, laden with provisions for Patras, were
captured by the,Greeks and carried into Misso-
longhi, but the Government,. in consideration of
the great Power whose flag they bore, ordered
them to be released, on condition of selling their
cargoes in a Christian port..
The Turks are again committing the greatest
excesses in the two Principalities. At Jassy
they have demanded extraordinary supplies of
grain and money, threatening that, if not obeyed,
they, will set fire to the town. As to the evacua-
tion, or rather the non-evacuation, nothing is
changed, every thing remains on the old footing.
LEI PSI c, JUNE 27.—( Private Correspondence.)
Different versions are in circulation respecting
the affairs of Russia. According to some, those
of the Ministers and Public , Functionaries, who
were for war with the Porte, will retire. Ac-
cording to, others, it is the partisans :of the Aus-
trian system who will quit .the helm of affairs ;
others again say, that the partisansof an intimate
alliance with Austria have at present the lead,
but that after the return of the Emperor to Pe-
tersburgh, there will be new changes,- and that
M. Capo d'lstria and his friends will definitively
remain at the bead of affairs. It would be diffi-
cult to say which of these versions is the true
one.—All the commercial letters from the North
state that the price of grain has risen very consi-
derably, and that there was a great demand for
wheat of all qualities. The price in some places
lad risen 50 per cent.
Fn.ANKronT, JULY 4.—The negociations at
Vienna are covered with •so thick a :veil, that
nothing transpires respecting 'them either in our
diplomatic circles, or at the Exchange.—The
sudden departure of Prince Golow kin, the Russian
Minister at the Court of Vienna, is much talked
of in our diplomatic circles. The departure of
this diplomatist is generally regarded as a conse-
quence of the changes which have taken place in
the Russian Ministry. It is not believed that
Turkish Ministers will be summoned to the ap-
proaching Congress, if it takes• place. European
policy, however, spews itself favourable: to the
heroic enterprise of the -Hellenists, the public
taking a deep interest in the deplorable fate of
this unfortunate nation. There is a talk of ob-
taining aid for them by means of a loan ; at the
head of this project are persons whose natural re-
lations seem to invite to every undertaking for
the safety of their common country, and the civi-
lization of Europe ; they are the Prince Canta-
cuzena and COlonel George Zerowiez.
Sestr.ug, JUNE is—We receive from all quar-
ters the confirmation of accounts so important for
Greec, respecting the events of war which
have taken place at Tricala, Larissa, Sulu, and
Zittuni ; at the latter place the Turks experienced
a complete defeat. The Greeks again indulge
the hope that the third enterprise against the Mo-
rea having failed, their cause will not succumb ;
reflecting persons, however, still tremble for the
future.

THE WELLINGTON ,„ R orn Y.—Hyde Park
was like a fair (luring the greater part of yes.'
terday, thronged with 'visitors of all ranks and
descriptions, to-view the grand colossal Statue of
Arihilles, which in our last, w stated to have
been placed on its lofty, pedestal tile preceding

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k
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e, . r I
7.-.--,..3 -tr. -,t-z-.. '' . "..... . ~, 1.„ ,
-- .- ---
ite- ‘'',44o, -,,,,, ~, ...,\‘‘.4./.. \ .
. , ..

MASONIC NOTICES FOR NEXT WEEK. •
- - ENGLAND.
Monday, July :15,. LONDON. Nos. 1,8, 14, 15, 22, 284,
293, 308.
COUNTRY. NOs. 20, 72, 102, 219, 311,
423, 509, 510, 521, 583.
Tuesday, - 16, Lormox. Nos. 33, 42, 266.
COUNTRY. Nos. 127, 151; 167, 170,
184, 199, 385,032, 544,
551.
Wednesday, - 17, LorrnoN. Nos. 56, 225, 296, 309.
COUNTRY. Nos. 92, 95, 105, 124, 134,
146, 207,229, 332, 342,
465, 480, 487, 522, 581,
• 678, 711.
Thursday, - 18, LONDON. Nos. 65, 152, 274, 388.
Rouse Com. Fern. Sch.
at 11.
COUNTRY. Nos. 48, 113, 171,288, 416,
453, 466,.469, 511, 561.
Friday, --19, LONDON. No: 493.
COUNTRY.. Nos. 30, 55, 193, 470, 600,
646.
Saturday, - 20, LONDON. * *
COUNTRY. No. 64.
IRELAND.
Monday, July 15, CORK. No. 67.