The Sun.
London, England, 1822-02-06 00:00:00

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In/Uteri •
7744'c laws ~attested n. lent ha harass the peo-
se_. ate saw nothing in the Spee-± eeeerding Scotland. The
reti were a wary and- thriftypteelte and were not driven tp
.wasperationilike -the Irish. He ceolei, hoWeVera 'state same
ieriev •
tiinntrtyhat country too. The state of the Burghs
`llanateeees resembled the corruption in that Eloirse.--
„ .1 n a Noble Lord (A.' Hamilton), whom he then saw in
zoT.tPlilloscee''Bbrucrrglist.: into the House. a petition for the Reform
he (Sir Francis Burdett) did not take
anY:sflare in that discassion,- because the Scots might. sup-
pose, from his principles of Reform, their cause Might suf-
fer. :•But 'all those grievances might be summed up in one
word--namely, the undue influence of the Ministers. No
"could he done without a reform of that House. Those
economical Reformers were the worstof Reformers.—No suf-
ment or effeetual relief could be obtained withbut a thorough
reform of that. House. It was hard at present to distinguish
parties in that House ; but the broad and true distinction was
!-T,t.o, those Who were R eformera, and those who wereCorruptionists.
uteare hear !)—lt was his own intention to bring forward the
pestion of,Reform in that House if the Noble Lord below him
had not given notice to that effect in the course of the evening.
eThe jloan Baronet said, in conclusion, that, in due respect to
,
Crown and to themselves, 'and to the country at large, he
trusted that his Majesty's 'Speech would be taken into consia
on' • .
aton the day after to-morrow (Thursday.)
Mr. HOBH01)813 rose to second the amendment of his col.
league, the -Hon. Baronet,. There were, he observed, promises
of retrenchment constantly made, but it was for the House to see
if this retrenchment had been effected. In'the year 1697, as
well as he recollected, when King William had promised to dia.
band his Army • and when the House saw that he had not dis.
banded it, the Army;
of that House entered into a resolution
that the -King should disband it. That was a circumstance i
which bore a similitude to the present case. We heard of a re-
duction in the Military establishment—we bad nothing of th 9
`ltind in the Gazette, but • we had.aeeti more 'than 100 neweap-
Pointments and promotions. The House ought not to be called
ou to move an Address to the Speeth without first knowing
`,-Itat had been done. His atajesty ought to have known that
the Louse did nothing 'without due consideration of the
ifrosands of its proceedings. It was then quite time to have
cane with the custom of moving Addresses without previous
consideration. The country had come to the conviction that
°°lnething was to be done to relieve its distresses. With the
greatest respect for the Hon. 31ernbe.r who seconded the Ad-
re,,,, lie (Mr.Hlth Oouse) Hoped what had dropped from him
would not have much effect upon the House. Indeed, he saw
a smile on the faces of many when the Hon. Gentleman as-
flbeder much of the discontents of the country to disaffection.—
ie.e trusted that mould .be the last time disaffection or revo-
lution would be heard in that house. The Nation had been
• robbed of their property,. and knew well who . took that pro.
Petty from them, and- for what purpose. It was for the
Purposes of corruption—(Hear, hear, hear !)—their money was
taken. As to foretell politics, lie did not see what reason we
had to congratulate ourselves. Ile saw no reason for congra-
tulation on the state of France, for instance. The Honour,
able Seconder talked' of peace in foreign countries, ' but not a
Word on the state of Greece, and of the glorious efforts of that
People. For the state of the different kingdoms on the Con-
tinent the Noble Lord opposite (Londonderry) was account-
able. He (Mr. Hobhouse) should be glad to know who put
J-Norway under the dominion of Sweden ? Who was it that
Put Poland under Prussia ? Who was it that put Saxony
Iltider 'the same power ? Who was it that put Italy tinder
4-uatria ? Who subjected Sardinia to the same power? The
honourable Gentleman congratulated the House on the state
of foreien politics. Where ? In France—in• Italy—in the
north orGirmany—or in the blood-stained valleys of Greece ?
(Hear, hear hear !)—The Hon. Member then alluded-to
the conduct Of Sir T. Maitland in the lonian Isles, and to it as-
cribed the unhappy state of the natives. He hoped his Hon.
Colleague mould.persevere in his amendment, and would reed
the House to that good old practice of adjourning the considera-
tion of the Speech to a future day.
The SPEAKER having read th- Address from the Chair,
And put the question on the amendment— _
Mr. GRATTAN rose to cell the attention of the House and
.O 1 countrymen to the happy omen of better days to Ireland,
which discovered itself in the notice taken of that country in
.. his ;Ilajesty's most gracious Speech. That •country, he feared,
would ever be the same, whilst the laws by which it was
-tailed, and the condition of the people, continued . as they
were. He was willing that She 'should be punished for the
cranes of some of her natives, but by no means that the
• Whole country should suffer alike, for evils and crimes which
-were only partial. . There was great distress he knew, but
there was no disaffection. The distressed sallied forth in ban-
. dini, and carried on a warfare against the police and against
the military. 'rile Hon. Gentleman adverted to the past history
of 'lreland to shear that the evils Which at present oppress that
country are the growth of time and inherent in the elements of
which it is composed. The people, he observed, were divided
11):, religion, and still more unfortunately by laws. On the one
;418-,nd was the Gentry and the .people at war about property,
1,.711',0n the other the Clergy and the people in open dis-
• lin„tic`a upon religion. this were to be attributed to the
""°n, he lamented that it had ever been effected, and repro-
vi
etred those who-had. at that moment deserted their country.
• elle kindest, if not the only kind act since the Union, was the
sit of his Majesty, which created so wonderful a metamor-
nesis, that Irishmen did not know each other. Instead of the
rieart-rending spectacle which the inhabitants of that country
Presented from their feuds amongst each other, and the 'collision
of violent and powerful parties, it seemed to be a country de-
''stined to form the happiness of all who dwelt in it—where all
difference of sentiment were dropped, all distinctions waived
to ensure cordiality. He felt as much as any Honourable
(gentlemen the necessity of returning, to that scale of expene
lLiture which existed in Ireland in 1792 e and he feared the
ePreciation in the incomes would be the means of effecting
that which their votes would not. It was not a large army
that would correct the evils of absentee gentry, and he enter-
taieed the most favourable expectations that in the promised
consideration of the distresses of Ireland that it would be disco-
vered, and means found to.epply a more kindly remedy.—( Hear!)
The Marquis of LONDONDEaIIy said; he•WoUld
trouble the House only with a very few obser-
vations. He was rather surprised at the course
Pursued by the Hon. Baronet (Sir F. Burdett),
for, in the whole course of his Parliamentary
experience, he did not recollect an instance of
kliy Address in answer to a Speech from the
rthrone, more calculated to conciliate the- temper
of the House, and to meet with the approbation
of all parties, than that proposed by his Hon.
Friend (Mr. Clive). He could not therefore but
eXpress his regret that any thing should have
°ccurred to interrupt that tone of conciliation
tecomanended by the lion. Mover, in whoSe
sehtiments the Honourable Baronet expresied
himself disposed to acquiesce. He thought the
hest mode upon the present occasion would
be to adopt the usual course, by allowing
rte :Address to pass without discussion. This
.`Yould be more respectful to the Crown, at the
satfie time that those who might dissent from
!fly topic alluded to in the Speech, would still
be perfectly free as to the course they might
Jo future think it expedient to pursue, when the
14lbjects which it embraced were. afterwards
brought under the consideration of the House.
41e could assure the House, that if by agreeing
to the AddresS they could for a moment be con-
sidered as pledged to support the views it took
of the various-topics alluded to, he would not at-
:teropt to press the immediate adoption of it.. But
the Gentlemen opposite knew very well that they
'could not be thus duped into an approbation of
Measures without previous inquiry neither should
he-suffer himself to lfe drawn. into the discussion
4f them by any thing that had fallen from the
lon-. Baronet or his colleague. The Hon. Ba-
ronet would forgive him for thinking. that,
'though • his -speech- embraced a variety of
observations upon various and important . sub-
Jects, it 'seemed ,to have been made princi-
lly for the purpose of announcing the course
he meant to pursue. in the preSent SeSSion,
:with respect to the question of Reform, and
of declaring that it was not his intention to
support it to the extent of UniversalSuffrage,but
.rather ou the more Moderate prinCiple of the
Noble Lord (Ebrington.) He (the Marquis of
-‘1,.). would be less indisposed to meet the question
Oil
the latter ground, at the same time that he
Balw no reason to alter those sentithents Which he
Wits' know-tt- to enteriain. on- the subject. The

matter to which he wished now to direct the ate
tention of the House was, the various important
points embraced• by the Speech. if the Address
could pledge the:House on these points, and that
by agreeing to it all further discussion was to be
shut out, be thought the Hon. Baronet's amend-
ment ought to embrace three months rather than
One or two dap, -fur. it would be-impossible to
give the subject full consideration in less time.—
Though the House agreed to .the Address at.pre.
sent, it would not'prevent the fullest inquiry into
the ,great interests of the country, into. its cons
merce, its manufactures, its hicoMe,and expendi-
ture ; but above all into the agricultural distresses,
to which the HoUse would as early as pOssible
give the fullest consideration. He thought they li
would best consult the interests of the public, as
well as the wishes of -the House, by going sepa-
rately into each subject alluded in the Speech,
in- place of pledging themselves to take it into
consideration the day after to-morrow. If the
'Address should be carried, as he had no doubt it
would by a very large majority, he did not in-
tend that Thursday should be thrown away. He
proposed on that day, if the amendment of the
Hon. Baronet (Sir F. Burdett) should be re-
jected, to bring •utider the Consideration of the
House the present state of Jreland, with a
view to soar measures- as it might be expe.,
'client to adopt. The 'subject was most impor-
*tent, not only in reference to Ireland itself, but
as connected 'with the 'peace and' prosperity
of the empire. He would not lie doing that
ditty he owed to the House - and to the public,
if he did not take this opporttinity of mention-
ing the course' ',which his 'Majesty's Ministers
meant to pursue with respect to the other topic's
of the Speech. He could assure the House, that
there was not the most distant intention of blink-
ing any one of them, but a determination to
bring the most important forward' at the earliest
possible period. His Majesty's Ministers were
most anxious that every thing 'affecting the agri-
cultural interests should be fully considered,
with a view to the best measures that could be
devised under existing circumstances. He would,
befOre the end of the week, name some day for
bringing the subject forward. He could not at
present positively say M hat day, but at latest
Friday, in the next week. The distress of the
agriculturists occupied the most serious attention
that Ministers could give to a subject of such
paramount importance.. He would not be so vain
es to say that they had taken the most correct
view of the causes from which it arose, or the reme-
dies it would be most effectual to apply, but they
would then be prepared to'state their views, and
what appeared to them some remedy for the evil. lie
could assure the House that,for aconsiderable time,
it had received the most laboured and attentive in-
vestigation it was in thepon'er of GOvernment to
give it. lie would not pretend to say that the
remedy would be completely effectual; but he
-hoped, that when the mind, the combined know-
ledge, and experience of-the House, was brought'
to bear on it, something might be done to alle-
viate the great difficulties that existed. His
Right Hon. Friend (the Chancellor of the Exche-
quer) would not delay longer than the following
week after the subject of agricultural distress had
been considered. He would then be prepared to
submit to the House, in moving the repeal of the
Superannuation Bill, a statement of the reduc-
tions that had been made in the .various public
offices, and the retrenchment that took place in
the other departments of the State, in the army and
navy. The House would then be put in full posses-
sion of the general receipts and expenditure of the
empire. This he hoped would proVe to the
House that it was not the intention of Ministers
to sleep on their posts, but to bring the great
interests of the country as speedily as possible
wider the view of Parliament. It would be pre-
sumptuous in him to say that nothing they had
done was capable of improvement, that it could
not be rendered better by the suggestions of
those -Gentlemen who had devoted their atten-
tion to such topics ; bet hetrusted at least that
what they should submit to the House would
prove how anxiously and sincerely they had. de-
voted their attention- to the interests of the coun-
try, how sincerely they had them at heart ; that
no pains had been spared to investigate them,
rind nothing omitted by which retrenchment could
be.combined with the permanent interest and se-
curity of .the empire.
Mr. HuTcntrrsoN said that no man was more
disposed than hirriSelfto giVe additional force, if
necessary, to the artn of civil power ; but in
voting for the Address, he should not do his duty
Thhe-did not express a hope, that if measures of
severity should be deemed necessary in Ireland,
they would- be accompanied with measures of
reconciliation also. Mere, measures of severity
could never restore peace to that unhappy country.
lie would beg teave- to remind the Noble,Lord,
that 19 years back he called his attention to the
subject, and said, that in, place of new Parlia-
mentary measures, the best way would be to keep
the pledges made at the time of the Union.—
This he repeated in 1303, but it was not attended
to.. The pledges made at.the time of the Union
were never redeemed, The state of Ireland
was not brought under the consideration of the
.Cabinet, as it ought to have been. He knew not
what measures were now in contemplation ; if
they were only. measures of severity, they would
never do any good. The state of Ireland should
be searched to the bottom ; the country had
great and crying grievances to he removed, before
any thing effectual
_could be done towards trao-
quillizieg it. The tithes, and the evils arising
from non-residence, were among these grievances.
The Noble Marquis (Londonderry) Wasmuch
deceived if he supposed that. the state of Europe
was so tranquil as the. Speech represented..

The Marquis of LONDONDERRY said, the Address did
not pledge the House .to the adoption of any measures of seve-
rity with regard to Ireland, but merely to take the subject into
consideration. To-morrow he would lay before the House dis-
patches reamed from the tlerquis of Wellesley, which would
put thenfin possesSion of information relative to the state .of
that country anti enable them to .couie better prepared to the
coopideration of the subject,
Sir JOHN NEWPORT' n'aid., if be thought the
.speech
called for penal measures, without considering and investigating
thoroughly. the state (if tiht; cnlitry, and proposing at the
,same
tine means; of conaliation, he elioiilii not vote for the Address.
The Noblb LSid,'however, had 'cl ed that' the Qbject
to be considered was; what weans of conciliation it would be

proper to connect t'u
case, the Address had ?iii •

Mr. -BROU(;11:.1.-M' -store Orflie
agriculture of the Icing:de,* that even .this. first night. of th 9
Session shoUld not be, alljwcitto`pass..over Without the edh:4l,
deratiOn of that very • important question, being entertained
by that House. Ile felt himself P-artieulaily aiikions to del,
liver his opinion upon t've-eoseussion of .that questie.l, becaus::
lie had, from 4 varier y .of eaUS-es,:been absent when that
most important siib:ject, the resuMption of (jash Payment:;
was under the consideration 'of Parliiimentthat Measure to
which he consider:d much of the present distress of the
country could be traced. He Would, howeVer, reserve him-
self until the consideration of the Report—when he- would
state what he considered to be -best; and what he found was
the only specific remedy—he meant a reduction of taxation.-
-(Hear, hear !)—He could have wished the House should not
separate without some assurance,tolhe country, that before the
carrying up to the,Throne the Address then under considera,
tion,-that the attention of Parliament should be directed to the
subject of the Sinkinc, Fund, with an intention of putting an
end to it for ever, and, which he. should denominate an arith-
metical error under which the.country had long laboured. Al-
though
helamented that that pledge would not be giyen, he;
for one, would, to-morrow, on the Report, fully discuss the
meitsure, and the only remedy that he thought effectual.
Mr. HUME hoped the amendment of the lon. Baronet
would be carried, for the time was now arrived when ,that
Reuse Must act with some regard to the feelings of the country,
'Those who sat. there ought no longer to look to the interests
any partienlat set of men, but ought solely to regulate their
votes by a reference to the real interests of the country.. Ii the
proposition of the Hon. Parini:l should unfortunately be ne-
gatived, so soon as the House resumed, he would submit to
them another Amendment, which„, he hoped, would be carried
unanimously, if there Was any sincerity within those walls.
Steangers were then ordered to withdraw.
The House then divided, when the numbers were—
For the Address - 186
Against it - - - 58
• Majority - -
On the re-admission of strangers to the gallery,
Mr. HOME said, if the Min. Mover and Se.:
emitter of the Address would_. declare .that they
had not received it from Ministers, and had not
delivered it verbatiiii the same as 'they hoc: re-
ceived it, then he 'weuld contend that it was
most unreasonable to call upon the House . to
vote at once an Address so perfectly in unison
with the Speech. But if Ministers wrote the
Speech and the Address, could there be a
greater farce than to find Ministers thus dictate
a Speed), and then dictate an answer, to that
Speech, with this only difference—that they
had the honour of putting the Speech into the
month of his Majesty, and the answer into the.
mouths of two Hon. Members of that House
(A laugh.)—He did hope, when the. cry and
prayer of distress,
.carne up from the remotest
corner of the land, that some one of those Gen-
tlemen who -had uniforinly and .strenuously op-
posed the extravagant measures and oppressive
encroachments of MiniSters—he did expect that
some one of them would have, moved an amend-:
ment, pledging the House to the most rigorous
retrenchment ; it was.. therefore only in default
of such a proceeding, in a quarter from which he
had expected it, and, hecause he was desirous of
pledging the House to something, that .he world
now submit an amendment. But before he
should state that amendment, he begged to offer',
a.feW observations., The Hon. Gentleman had.
congratulated the Muse on the passing of the-
six Acts. He (Mr. Hume) said the HQllse was
disgraced by those Acts.—(Hear!)—roa starving
people, instead or bread, they had given a -stone.
In the Speech, 'the Colonies were said to be
flourishing. If there were any colonial proprie-
tors in the House, or ally who knew the state of
the Colonies, let them answer whether the fact
was so. He, from what he knew, denied it. With
regard to our foreign relations, it would not be
many days befori he would submit the conduCt
of Government to the consideration of the Mouse
—conduct that was disgraceful on their part as
' Christians, and abominable as men.. He alluded
to their conduct in favour of the Turks. But
there was another circumstance—an omission in the
Speech, to which he .would, only allude. This was
the first instance since England had a public
ministry, that the: death of the first subject in the
realm was passed over unnoticed in the Speech
from the Throne. She had been persecuted unto
death—she had been persecuted even after death.
(Hear, 'hear 1)—Of; her . no mention was made
in the speech, contrary, to the. adage -which said
that no hostility should be carried beyond the
grave by those who Would have any claims to
charity. No act like this omission was ever done
by a Ministry before. But to return to the
speech of the. Honourable seconder of the A&
dress. He had congratulated the House on
the high and commanding situation of this
country. Yet what was this situation? We
were not able to provide. for our own expendi-
ture ; and foreign nations knew that we could
be made the jest of any foreign power, because
of our inability to redress ourselves. This was
the, high and commanding situation on which the
Honourable Member had thought fit to congra-
tulate the House. Next as. to the visit to Ire-
land ; he for one had extremely rejoiced at that
visit. He hoped that the results would be heoe-
ficial to that country. When the Visit to Ireland
was mentioned,. he did expect to hear of :nea-
sures :to be brought forward for thepurpose of
making the people of
,Ireland friendly to us,
and of enabling us to withdraw the large force
which was. kept there, and: daily_ increased.
Here be _would advert to a statement Olt
the revenue of Ireland . Was improved. In'
the year 1818 it had been 4,900,00d1.; in
1819, ‘5,500,0601., in 1820, 4,900,000/. This
lyear there was an improvement, it was- said, 'of
400,0001. But that was less than the revenue of
1819 by 200,0001. He would now call attention
to another topic,. He had heard a report yester-
day evening, that the Treasury were-to borrow
4,000,0001., from the- Bank for some purpose,
perhaps, the Right lion. Gentleman would
.ex-
plain- He had lately obtained a document from
the Secretary of the Treasury, which shelved
that the conSolidated fund was 9,000,000/. in
arrears. If the Bank, then, did not advance
'money, the dividends: could not be paid. The
revenue of this country might be progressive,
but the. Right Honourable Gentleman did every
thing in his power to prevent the understanding
of it. He had yesterday made , up a calculation
upon this subject. He called, the attention of
the Right Hon. Gentleman to it, for the subject
was one of the most vital importance. It was a
statement of the annual receipts and expenditure
front ISI7 to 1820., ending in January, 1821.
.1n that statement the charges of thanag,enient
were includedin the di'sbursernen f.---(llear,hear 1)
—He had included the whole of the Merle); it;-
ceivvd, but what might be in the hands of the,

collectors lie would not answer ?or. tte re-
ceipts were, i+►

•
- 1917 a i'r:B 0900)00 some oadsi
,
1818 57,000,000 •
57.000100 •
1.320 • - - : t.q,0110„000.
, . . . ..•
Pic revenue of 1820 ivas only -£55,600 more than in 1817. •
roe eipenditure was,
dBl7 £73,082,000
. hag - - . 72400#000 , ;
1819 '/3.,608,000 •►
• 1820 74,91:10,000V
.T-he expenditure thus gradually increased.
though in 1818, the Right Hon. Gentleman had
added 3,000,0001. to the taxes, he would thank
the Right Hon. Gentleman to shew where that
increase took- place in the revenue. In Ireland
the revenue was decreasing, while in England it
was increasing. The people 'of England paid
taxes to .keep up troops for keeping Ireland in
order, and the revenue of Ireland had decreased
in conseqUente of the presence of those trOops
(Hear, hear !)—The • revenue, then, was
,equal
to
•
our expenditure, or it was not. Ile was prepared
to' shew that, during 'the last four years, the
igight Honourable Gentleman had lost more than
4,000,0001. to the public. To the course of the
session hewould shew, that the Right Hon: .; Gen
tiernan had, since he had had the charge of the
Treasury.;- lost' 15,000,0001. to the, public. This
was no slight charge,•and 'therefore he hoped that.
the Right Hon. Gentleman would .exert himself
to clear up his -accounts. fie was prepared -to
• • -
shew that the loSs was from 10,000;0001. to I
,
15,000,0001., • and to prove it to the satis-
faction of all who understood the four firSt rules
'of arithmetic. The same farce has been.incessant-i
ly repeated—borrowing to-day what Was to be
laid out to-morrow, at a discount, for paying..off
debt.—(Hear !)—The total income of the, last
four years,:exclusive of loans, was .235,768,462!.
The expenditure for the same period, exclusive
of the, Sinking Fund, was 231,085.e7'76/. here
, • • t
was, then, a surplus revenue of 4 482
this surplus had been properly laid out, debt
(ight to have been redeemed'to that extent. If,
then, it had been applied to the purchase of
3 per cents. at 70, 213,0004 annually would havo
been redeemed. To this ought to be added;
long annuities and -land-tax redeemed, '261,0001.;
making a total of 473,0001. deducted from the
annual ekpenditure. But, instead of that, the,
expenditure was increased. Where two parties
were engaged in such transactions, one must
win and the other lose, or both mast have -equal
teems. But in themanagement of' this surplus
4 prOCess: of this kind took place. It was.
iven to
,the Sinking Fund Conmiksioners,
who sold stock at 50 or 60, and then bought
again, perhaps, the very same debentures, for .70
or 80: The consequence was, a loss to the
such, as he hid repreSented,, serions, loss to
•
the public in this way deserved" particular atten-
tion. He Wished the surplus had been brought
to the buying up at once of public debt, and not
•
applied in this circuitous manner, and for the
purpuse keeping
- up the grossest delusion that
ever bewildered mortals.(l-Tear, hear!)--The
public,lost all the-benefit of four millions and a
half, together with the long annuities and land-
tax
redeemed, and we were more in debt now
-than' in hihnary, 1817. In the finance accounts,
there was a departMent headed " interest paid
On debt; charges of managenmil) interest of. Ex-
:
TheqUer bills." In 1 817 the Treasury stated the
interest of the funded debt at 29 000 000/. a.nd
chargeswith the
Exchequer '6f
up to
management d interest
bills,grade
• 1817 , 1.'31,208,000 • •
1818 - - 31,351,000 •
1819
.30,7.9'2,000
1820 . 31,252,003
u A most important feature, to se favourite word of the Noble
Lord's, in this statement, was that no two successive years were
within a million of, one another in .the.-charges and interest.
What would have been the case, if there had been no. Sinking
Fund? Mr. Haworth's accounts from 1800 to. this year were
most correct; .but go to the Treasury, and you could not get one
account. to balance. . In. January, 1822, there were borrowed
78,000,0001. since 1816, and given to the Commissioners, without
occasion for giving. one penny. This year the sum for interest
of debt ought to be 30,180,0001. ; instead of which it. would be
31,480,0001. lie was perfectly satisfied that a larger amount
of Exchequer bills were out than was avowed, and that the
Right Hon. Gentleman had paid. for more than 34,000,0001. in
1821. 'He would ask, too, of .another Right Non: Gentleman
when he should be in his place, whether the Crown revenue,
and the revenue of woods and .forests, were not invested in the
funds? The system of forcing up the funds which waspractised
was most absurd and pernicious: • In 1810 and 1817 they had
gone into market with 40.000,0001. ; on which they ought to
have saved 1,500,0001. If this • abuse were added ,to what he
had already stated, he would ask whether, in the speech
from the ,Throne, .there ought not to. have been a call
upon the House. to place the finances of the country on a so-
lid and intelligible basis? While he recommended, however,
most -strongly to the attention of the House all possible re-
duction of an extravagant • expenditure, he trusted: never to
hear breach of public faith even named within its walls.—
He now came to the next count contained in the answer—the
next item dwelt upon by the Honourable Mover—the item of
reduction. A pamphlet had appeared in print, entitled The
State of the Nation." It was attributed to authority. He (Mr.
Hume). then held it in his hand ; hut he could not• attribute it
in any way to his, Majesty's Ministers, because'from beginning
tnend it was an imposition upon the iublic. He had taken the
trouble of reading it through ; and from first to, last he did not
find one statement or calculation 'but ! what was incarrect—no
pOint•dtat was not given• in such a, form as to defy ordinary
comprhension to extract• the truth. And to 'what end was
sneh intricacy and artful difficulty presented ? • Would any one
believe that it helped public credit a lot ? If there were a panic to-
Morrow, no set of men were more likely to be frightened out of
their a-its than the Bank•Diteetors, -,aholad proved by their evi-
dence that they did-not understand their own business ; and, '
in
!easie. they did stop, what would happen then ? .Ministers
would have to make hank notes etheir owl], or the public cre-
ditor must remain unsatisfied. But to the question of reduc-
tion, by which all such . evils might be. avoided.. Let the
House, if it meant to do its duty to the nation—let landed pro-
piitorsomless they meant henceforth to hold their tongues for
ever-let them give a proof to their constituezt ts, by their conduct
in the present debate, that they seriously did aim at the reduc-
tion of taxation. !The speech of . the, present year spoke of the.
improvement in commerce and Manufactures. So did the speech
in the year 1818 set forth the improvement which • had taken
place in public credit: But nad that appearance •of-im-
! provement been attained? Why, by the conduct of the Right
Hon. Gentleman opposite,' who drbve up the public funds by
main force, by buying in at that time, in a manner which •he
had no riglit'to do: After all the promises given, ;loft all the
hopes held Out, increase of difficulty from day to day, .of diffi-
culty which; if not checked, must terminate in ruin. Ile (Mr.
Iltime) did not Propose narrowly to investigatenll •the causes to
which that difficulty might loc traced. - Ile believed into arise
out of a complication , of causes ; -but mainly nut of tit:it exces-
sive and unwarrantable taxation which took froin the labourer
a greater portion of his income than had ever at any former pe-
riod been exacted. Reduction, ihdeed! What was the boasted
reduction which, after all,' they had effected ? They had re-
duced a htindred and eighty uujbrtunate clerks. Surely, if there
wanted- any thing to .prove,,the, inability ofMinisters to the
conduct of the country, that proof was affordedl by the pro-
posal made scarce four an& twenty hours 'back by the I irst
Lord of the. 'lCreasury..,(Chcers.)-1-le .alluded, to the offer of
assistance to the agricultural interest.--e((.heers)-aWas it rea-
sonable to 'intrust the afThirs of a Nation to persons who could
take so childish, so weak, and so womanish, a course?;-(Loud'
cheers.)-„Ministeralad-put the present :discusses. upon a font-
ing with distresses ariaingput of causes totally difF2rent: -•%% hy,
thews was a-wait of any thing at present-rather than of\ moniy
,reafly .sheweal,• in-.- 4, cingulaly .;the, Muer
ignorance of „ the persons who lad charge of the country

Avzitfr

• - '
,
even of the simple, fact—the state of ,
they not
.know that VS.Ty. . at'
ready more,-; money. .than he (could letied4Aqi-CP•Aliftlek'
was not of cash, but of Credit ? Itifurn.l44iOn,, howzieer, • Upon.
Many iniints was less general .andlesa attainable than .night be
de.;ired. He called upon Gentlenien td keep doWn the dfine-
cessary and•unnatural expenditure of theshantry; but bl3e-
lieved -there :were very feW people .who kneW -even. what the
am p:int ,of, that expenditure was ?-=:(Laughter.)—lt Was not: a
very easy fact to get at; but he believed he, could, after much
research, supply it. Ministers had :taken •as the golden -n -ean.
the, yen 1792. In - 1,792, excluSiVe Of the public-, tight7-thete
ten millions—the whole expenditure, of the country did :le'
exceed seven millions.. How was it that with perfect peace...at
home, and the benefit of the Holy Alliance abroad,- the,Stap
was now} worked at an .expence of twenty-six Millions. , Was,
this the effect of reduction ? And; once again, • where Wereitse
Ireductions boasted ? Wag the civil list touched:? Let the
House look at its amount, and then, remember that if ,its,no-
minal amount was increased, the purposes to which it was ap-
plicable were narrowed. •In answer to the much 'relied' upon
list of 'reductions, it was worth while to bring forward the rimy
list forthepresent year. Since the great general ,promotion,
which Ministers declared to be the last, over and above that
batch of promotions, no fewer than six hundred others have beers
made, Chit of the six hundred gentlemen. so adVanced,Ahree
individuals only belonged to that highly meritorious elaSs...of
men, the marines. 'The thing Was apparent enough. s Officers
cif Marines were seldom the brothers or. nephews of Membib ,
of Parliament but: the . amount, of fresh pay arising out-vt)f
those
.promotions more than devoured all the savings which
had been fffected. by reduction. He begged to ask of the
Lord Advocate whether a certain Nobleman had not' Made
a.wilt, 1avin,,,,.5001. a year,to, one of his sons until he (the son)
should be better provided for by Government ?—(H ear, hear
He (Mr. Htime)' knew the-fact, and hoped shortly to Bate
copy of the .will.—( Laughter.)—He believed the very lot mina
th e, family ,hatl lately been provided for as a commissioner of cus-
toms. The Hon. Member then commented upon the nee.d!,,,s's ex-
penses incurred atiNlaita, in the lonian Islands, and in Greece;
characterizing the, salary received bySir Alaitland :Is money
paid fora service degrading to me character of the English nation.
Let the Utilise look at the state of our colon)' at the Cape of Go6d.
Hope... All Our • colonies reflght well maintain theinsel its, if
inisters could be cured of their disposition to profusion:- And
Why should a boy at School be permitted to take 4,0091.. or
50001. a year from the country? or why should the' brother or
uncle of a 'Peer receive a large sum for duties .Which he did net
perform ? Ile trusted, that the day was not far distant when
the heavy expenditure of Scotland would be cut down. Ile
kneW 'no branch of public service that deserved 'the 'attention
of. the Legislature more than the Law Courts of Scot-
land, and the enormous Salaries paid to Officers in that
Country: 'He contended that the House of Commons would
not do its duty until 'it compelled every Gentleman
did the duties of his . office by, Deputy, to remove him-
self from • that office altogether.. He meant to cast n 1
'general imputations; He respected the motives of those Gen-
tlemeo who appeared in Parliament with a view to serve their
country.; but. he had not the same feeling towards those will.
came there with a view to serve themselves.---(Hear, and order.)
•

. -
The SPEAKER said, that it was not in order that any
Member of the .I,fotise should impute improper motives to an=
_

Mr. HUME. said, that he was always happy in being car-
retted. The lion. Gentleman then sat down by moving the
following aniendment:=,
" That while ,we return his Majesty our most grateful ac-
kno wledgm en ta for the various reductions which have been made
in the civil and njilitary establishments during the laid year, by
whirl some diminution of expense may be effected, yet 'we
should ill discharge the duty we owe to his,Majesty,. if :we did
not clued his most serious attention to the present condition of
his faithful people.
" To represent to hiS M.ajesty that the distres.sea, tiriiv'od to
exist before a Committee of this llouse,instituted for the espe-
cial purpose, in the last session . of Parliament, have conside,p•
ably increased; and that the owners and occupiers of land
throughout great part of the kingdom ~and-witil them the ti ades-
men and artisan's usually dependent on -them for employment,
are labouring-under unexampled difficulties.
" To express most respectfully to his Majesty our opinion,
that an excessive taxation is a principal cause of those disteesies,
and humbly to entreat that he will be graciously pleased immc-
diate'q to direct such reductions in every branch of our expen-
dimre, from the highest to' the lowest department, ac en-
able us, forthwith, to relieve his Yie.jesty's faithful people from
a large portion of that burden of taxation which, hi their pre_
sent impoverished condition, presses so lizavily upon classes."
Tbe question having been put,
The CH AXC ELLOR of the EXCHEQUER rose.
Before he adverted to.any other part of what.had
fallen froM the Hon. 'Wernher for Aberdeen,. f!-
should. take the ,liberty of noticing that which
particularly related to himself. The Honour-
able 'Member had been pleased to say,: that
some of the- secrets of: hiS .projo-cted 6nanciai
Measures were known to certain persons in-the
city before they were otherwise.divulged„ Now
this, said the Right Hon. Gentleman, I unequiio-
cally and distinctly deny ;-(hear, hear !)---rind
wherever the Bon. •Merimber shall meet. I:vith tiny
such malevolent aspersions, he may uuhesitatiagly
treat them with the same answer. If it were
possible that he could be capable of such prac—
tices, he would nodonger be fit: for thesitciation
he filled. He bad.taken the liberty to Make this
answer to charges alfe,cting his reputation, hitherto
unsullied, before he
,went into any thing
.---
(near!)—With respect to the transactions with the
Bank of England, the lion. Member ought
.to
know, that by an Act passed in the year
:11 transactions with that Body must he laid imm-
fore Parliament; and, in compliance with that
Act, he should in a few days have to ,lay curtain
papers before the House. The lion. Gentleman,
perhaps had in view something which had pass:od
in private conversation between certain Gentle-
men and the First Lord or the Treasury and hien-
Self; which had been misrepresented_ in an ex-
traordinary way.—(Hear.)—ln his opinion, the
best way to meet the distresses of the " country
would be by a considerable extension of the cur-
rency of the kingdom.—(Hear, hear, hear !)-Aie
would not however argue
.upon that subject, as
in a few days lie meant to shew what Ministers
had in contemplation .as best suited to the occa-
sion ; and he was no advocate for making statements
by .halves. NM. should he think of wasting the
time of the House by folloWing.
sthegon. Member
into the multifarioui topics he had introduced into
the discussion. It was wholly unknown in the
practice of Parliament,, for a person to propose to
discuis questions involving such an array of
figures, without giving a few days notice for con-
sideration. Had the Hen. Member followed, the
ordinary course in this respect, he would haw:
entered into argnment with him, and have sheWn
wherein his views (littered from those of the Hon.
Member. But he had the less hesitation in ab-
staining from' entering into those questions at
that time, since his Views appeared to be opposed
to his Resolution. For in proportion aF the
revenue was inadequate,to the expenditure, the
removing taxation, which was the Hon. Member's
panacea, could not be resorted to.: The Hon.
Member had enlarged much upon the subject or
reduction, but he thought he would have sheWn
more candour, if, instead of attacking them in
the mass, he had 'lvaited till his Majesty's _Mi-
nisters had shewnwkat reduction had been made,
and
.then have Pointed out in what particular
they might and ought to haveidone more. In a
few days all the services adverted to by the
Hon. Member would be heTore the House, ,and
then would he time proper timeto enter upon the
consideration Of them. But in the absence
Of them
,to assume misconduct in Ministers,
was contrary to all rule and practice. , He (Ir.
admitted that some reduction.had been
effected in.tLe dismissal of some Cieris arid in-

!Aced of. meeting that with any thing like can-
, demi., he endeavoured to excite the sympathy of
the House in behalf of these individuals. He
could assure the House that no one could feel
more than himself for the situation of those who
had been thus treated. But why did the Hon.
• Member attempt to lay the emphasis on the
'junior Clerks?, Surely he might do so with
greater reason if they had begun with those who,
having been long in the service, had acquired a
claim to protection, anti who, having become
worn oat in the service of Government, were no
logger qualified to turn their attention to any
new mode of livelihood.—(Hear, hear !)—Until
the details were brought forward, he desired the
House to suspend their opinions, and not to allow
their judgments to he biassed by any thing which
fell from the Honourable Member for Aber-
deen.—(Hear, hear !)—I t was particularly false
to charge his Majesty's Ministers with sparing
the higher classes in office more than those in
more humble stations. It was his duty to
•state, that he should at some period of the Session
propose a measure affecting the highest. as' well
as the lowest offices in the State.—(Hear !)
With regard to the personal attaclp of the Hon.
Member, he•heggetl the House to wait till'the fit
time should arrive for the individuals, or those
who were qualified for that purpose, to answer for
themselves. He thought, from the tone and man-

ner in which these were. made, that they pro-
ceeded from a regret that the Hon. Member
was not on that side of the House. With
respect to the formation of the Ordnance Es-
tablishments, those who were better acquaint-
ed with that subject than himself would find an
opportunity of replying to what had fallen
from the lion. Member. Nothing could be more
detrimental to the public service than to hash
up all the stories which the Hon. Gentleman's
tale-bearers had been collecting, and bring them
before Parliament in the shape of a budget. If,
discreetly managed, the multiplicity and agree-
able diversity of them might furnish entertain-
ment for the rest of the Session. With respect
to the Amendment of the llon. Member, it was
deserving of consideration, inasmuch as it in-
volved an important question. It brought before
- the House the consideration of whether it would
be better to attempt to relieve the distresses of
the. country by an equal reduction of taxation,
or, as was pointed out in the Speech, by mea-
sures tending to support and extend the credit
of the country ; and not by measures which
would degrade and depress it. Such measures
would be not only mischievous but ruinous, and
he would venture to say, that whatever un-
founded hopes the Hon. Gentleman (Mr. IL's)
statements might create in minds incapable of
appreciating them, they would be found totally
to fail in their effect. Any reduction in taxation,
so far from carrying with it effectual relief to the
suffering classes, would in the first instance not
only disappoint, but aggravate their distresses.—
(Hear !)—At the outset, the abolition of the Sink-
ing Fund, and the extinction of the Public DOt,
',would carry a blow to trade which would sett-
.sibly affect all classes, even to the agriculturists.
At present they could borrow money at five
per cent. ; but if the Sinking Fund were de-
stroyed, it would not be to be borrowed not for
fir., nor ,;ix per cent. The greater part of the
property of the Fundholders would go into
foreign stocks. What made the public funds of
this country so much better than those of any
other was, the permanent good faith which was
to be relied on. Let the Resolution of the Hon.
Gentleman pass that House, and she.., to the
world that Parliament was willing to evade good
faith on this point by a new system of reduction,
seri the country would suffer in its credit
equal to destruction. All Landholders would
suffer increased difficulties. His Majesty's Mi-
eisters as well as the Honourable Member
looked forward to a reduction of taxation. He
(the Chancellor of the Exchequer) expected to
be able to reduce the five per cent. stock, and
let Parliament only shew a determination to sup-
port the credit of the country, and he should be
much mistaken if he did not accomplish it in the
course of the present Session. He could suppose
nothing to afford so much relief to the landlord
as the facility of borrowing.—(Hear, hear.)
CALCHAFT thought it clear that Ministers
did not mean to descend to any reduction of tax-
ation, and that the Right Hon. Gentleman had
pretty plainly indicated their determination to
that effect. When the Right Hon. Gentleman
declared that such reduction would give no relief,
did he mean to say that the repeal of the Malt,
Leather, Salt, or Tallow Tax, would not carry
relief to any class
The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER disclaimed
having said that taxation was not an evil, or that
the repeal of taxation was not a benefit. What
he stated was, that the simple repeal of taxes
proposed by the Hon. Member, would be produc-
tive of more harm to the country by shaking the
reline credit, than would be merely commensu-
rate with tho relief such a course might afford to
particular classes.

Mr. CALCRAFT wished it to be Understood that
he should never vote for the repeal of a tax-until
he was convinced that it Would not affect the
public credit of the country.
Mr. ROBINSON was not at all surpkised that
his Right lion. Friend was not prepared to an-
swer the mass of statements which the iron.
Member. for Aberdeen had thrown together in
the speech which he had delivered. lie per-
fectly,agreed with him in saying that a question
of so much importance never was brought. before
the House in a manner so confused and uncon-
nected.
Col. DA VI ES supported the amendment.
TIM CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER said,
that it was impossible to admit the accuracy of
such a mass of statements, without comparing
theni with official papers. He could not pro-
nounce-upon. them under such circumstances, but
he believed they were not accurate. With re-
gard ao the second question, as to whether he in-
tended to interfere with the metallic currency of
the country, he could give a positive answer. lie
certainly had no such intentions.
Sir J. NEWPORT said, that, upon some points
of the .amendment, he certainly could not agree
with the Hon. Member for Aberdeen. After

alluding to the distress of the country, it stated
• that such distress, did not appear to-.the House to
proceed from temporary causes. He was not
prepared to say, that the House should make
suck a declaration until they had examined into
the various causes to whiCh the distress was attri-
buted. In another part, it contained an asser-
tion that the present SysteM of Finance was ag-
gravated, ruinous, and temporising. Now he for
one was not prepared to pass this sweeping con-
demnation of the entire 'system, because he did
not concur in the wisdom of certain parts of it.
With these omissions, which would in no mea-
sure affect the general spirit of the amendment)
he should be disposed to give it his support.
• Mr. Hume consented to make the alterations
proposed by the Right Hon. Baronet. -
The amended Amendment being put by the Speaker,
The Marquis of LONDONDEItaY asked if it
would be creditable to the. deliberations of Par-
liament, to come at once to such a vote as this ?
He denied that his Right Hon. Friend had no
other motive in resisting a ,sudden reduction
of taxes, than to support the credit of the coun-
try. Any Gentleman who might negative the
proposition of the 'Hon. Gentleman that night,
did not preclude himself from discussing it on
any future occasion ; and the HOuse ought not,
in so indirect a way, to rescind their vote of last
Session, by whicka large surplus of Revenue was
reserved for the reduction of the debt. The
proper mode would be, on some future occasion,
to bring forward each specific tax which the
country could part with. But the House would
not support its own dignity, if, after a speech
which no one could understand,—(Hear, hear!)
they should, come all at once to such a
sweeping vote as the Honourable • Member 'pror
posed. Would the House, merely on hear-
ing a mass of figures-which could•not be un-
derstood, come to a vote so inconsistent with the
determination it had come to last year? He
should insult that assembly if he supposed it could
retrace its steps upon such a statement as had
been'made, and of the truth of which it was un-
able to judge, without long investigation.
Mr. TIERNEY denied that it was insulting to
the. House to support the proposition then made.
The whole country had for a long time been
looking to the wisdom of Parliament, but now the
country was looking to the character and, feelings
of Parliament ; and he desired the Noble Lord
and his friends to take care whether, before the
end of the Session, they should not be obliged to
agree to the very proposition -now made. For
his own part, he would support every kind
of reduction, however oppressive it Might be to
some individuals, and howeVer it might take away
from the splendour of others. He had no hesi-
tation in saying that the reduction of expences was
not sufficient, but that the Sinking Fund ought all
to go in aid of the suffering people, and that a re-
duction ought to take place equal to the present
Sinking Fund, which was not five. millions, as
had been stated, and which, were it not for the
linvoc made upon it by the Rt. Hon. Gentleman,
(hear !)—would now have been more than 22
millions. He was confident that a present re-
lief, by reducing three millions of taxes, would
produce permanent benefit, and be ultimately
advantageous to public credit. But he was sure
that the Noble Lord and his friends would
never reduce any burthen so long as they could
avoid it. But very soon the Country Gentle-
men would tell them what their duty should be ;
and then they would soon be obliged to lower
their high tone.
Mr. I-lUSKISSON could not understand the statement of
the Hun. Member fur Aberdeen, and therefore he could not
be expected to vote for it. He was not surprised at the
Iti..zht Hon. Gentleman stating that the alterations of the
Amendment were owing to his suggestion, because the whole
was evidently a plan to catch a few stray votes.
Mr. S. WORTLEY said he should not vote for the Amend-
ment, because the Royal Speech triad them that great IN due-
lions had been made; and they consequently were bound to
wait and see to what extent those reductions west.
Sir THOMAS LETHBRIDGF. was afraid that Mini•ters
were not in possession of a frill knowledge of the distresses of
the coontry. He called upon theirs to examine closely into
the state of the country, and meet it face to fAcr.
Sir J. SEBRIGHT spoke briefly iu favour of the Amend-
ment.
Mr. Gipps, Mr. /Well, and Mr. Bennet, expressed similar
senti merits.
Mr. RICARDO, thou4h lie agreed with all that had fallen
front his Hun. Friend, the Member for Aberdeen. in favenr of
economy and retrenchment: could not vote in favour of his
Amendment, as lie tbffered widely front him (Mr. Home) as
to the causes of the existing agricultural distress. His Ho.
nonrahle Friend stated, that the cause of that distress was ex-
cessive taxation ; but the real cause, it could not be denied,
was the low price of agricultural produce. That taxation
should he the cause of low prices was su absurd, and so in-
consistent with every principle of political economy, that he
could not consent fur a moment to the doctrine. Agreeing,
however, as he did, with his Huss. Friend, as to the necessity
of economr and retrenchment, arid as to the impropriety of
making luau, to the occupiers of lands, he was sure that they
would be frequently found, in tire course of the Session, put-
string together that great necessary object—(Hear.)
Mr. C. BATHURST contended tlrit the question embraced
by the Amendment was not one of sect mean importance as
to be taken up incidentally in the manner now proposed.
Sir E. KNATCHBULL opposed the Amendment. He
thought the only means likely to afford relief to the country
must originate with the 6overtnnent.
Mr. BROUGHANI spoke erongly against the inference
drawn by the last speaker. Hu supported the Amendment,
not without pledging hims,.rlf to any of the statements of the
lion. Member who proposed it.
Sir E. KNATCHBULL explained.
Lord PALMERSTON said, that the Hon. Measlier, by his
proposed amendment, appeared dispu,ed to stand up between
Ike House and that ea.to deliberation winch ought to mark
all its proceedings, to draw it into a general declaration
which could have no other effect than that of shaking the
public credit of the country.
Lord A. HAMILTON and Mr. MARRY AT supported the
,Amendment.
Mr. LENNARD rose amidst a general cry of question, and
gave notice, that unless smite person more competent than
himself tool; up the subject, be should on an early day move
an Address. humbly praying his Majesty to ter:unarm rid the
House to revise S,arion. branches of the Civil List Expendi-
ture. The House then divided—
For the Amendment
Against it

171
Majority - -82 .
The Address was then carried, and the House adjourned at
ALF-PAST T‘VF,IVE O'CLOCK.
STATE OF THE t OUNTRY.

Mr. BROUG!-IAM, after the divigion, gave notice of his
intention to submit, on Monday, a Motion on the distressed
state of the Country.

A meeting of respectable hop-planters has been
held at the Bell Inn, Ticeburst, for the purppse
of taking into consideration the propriety of pe-
titioning Government for a repeal of the Act impos-
ing a duty upon hops, as one means of, relieving
_ _

them from the difficulties under which they are
struggling. A suitable petition was accordingly
prepared, and unanimously carried by a shew of
hands; it was soon afterwards signed by every
hop-grower in the parish .—(Kentislz 'Gazette,
Feb. 5.)

*** LONDON JOURNALS.—Its-The Morning-Papers are this
day chiefly filled with Debates, they present nothing of in-
terest for extraction. .

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SOLEM QUIS DICERE FALSUM AUDEAT

LONDON,
WEDNESDAY, PERRUAIZY 6, 1522.

From the important debates in both Houses
of Parliament yesterday, on the Motions for
Addresses to the Throne, we learn that Govern-
ment still entertain some hopes of preserving
peace between Russia and Turkey; though that
expectation is expressed in terms so general and
vague, as to prove that Ministers are not in pos-
session of any recent facts which strengthen the
probability of averting a war, and that they have
not discerned any new circumstances or addi-
tional reasons for presuming upon the prudence
of the Ottoman Government, or upon the pacific
dispositions of its Mahometan subjects. His
MAJESTY declares, " I have reason to enter-
tain hopes that these differences will be satisfacto-
rily adjusted." There have been cs reasons to enter-
tain these hopes" during the whole progress of the
negociations; and these reasons, perhaps, have
been chiefly :—that the personal 'character of the
Emperor ALEXANDER is moderate and unambi-
tious,—that Turkey, distracted by an intestine tu-
mult, would rather submit to the propositions of
Russia, than hazard a war with a powerful neigh-
bour, whose vast armies were ready to penetrate
her territory,—and that the GRAND SEIGNOR
and the Divan could hardly resist the mated in-
fluence of the great European Courts, all urging
them, through their Ambassadors, to avoid a
rupture which might endanger the tranquillity of
Europe, and which would probably involve the
downfal of the Ottoman power. On the other
hand, there have been various and at least
equally weighty reasons, which have been ad-
verted to in this Paper, for believing a war to
be inevitable. The two sets of reasons remain
in their original force, equally undiminished and
equally unconfirmed, by any thing that has yet
been said in Parliament ; and they will probably
remain so until the final issue of the negocia-
dons, which, resulting in a declaration of war,
or terminating in the continuan,:e of peace, shall
at length establish the accuracy of the one and
falsify the other.' In reference to the disturbed
state of Ireland, it appears to be the intention
of Ministers to propose certain extraordinary
legislative enactments, which have been re-
quired by the Marquis of WELLESLEY, for the
purpose of enabling his Excellency the more
speedily to restore tranquillity to that dis-
tracted portion of the United Kingdom. It
_ _

is certainly necessary that the strongest measures
should be employed for quelling the frightful
outrages which disgrace the sister island. We re-

joke to perceive that it is also the sincere design
of Ministers not to rely upon measures of mere
coercion for the permanent re-establishment of
order ; but that they are aware of the necessity
which exists, for improving the domestic condition
of the Irish people.—The most perplexing
question for Government, as well as for the
country, seems to have been the distressed
condition of our agricultural interest. Minis-
ters avow their readiness to investigate the
causes of the depression, and to apply any
practicable remedy which may be devised. They
hold out no hope of relief from a reduction of
taxation ; and on the contrary state their opinion
that a reduction of taxes, under all existing cir-
cumstances, would only aggravate the public em-
barrassments. M r. RicAltno,in the'Commons, so far
agreed with them as to deny that the pressure of
taxation is the cause of the agricultural distresS,
an opinion which he characterised as absurd, and
as inconsistent with every sound principle in Poli-
tical Economy. Lord LIVERPOOL, in the Peers,
adverted to an intention, on the part of Govern-
ment, to make an issue of Exchequer Bills in aid
of the farmers, taking security from the parties
thus proposed to be relieved. Such a measure
would undoubtedly relieve the farmers from some
of their present difficulties, and would rrobably
enable some of those whose ruin is otherwise
inevitable, to surmount the difficulties of their
situation but it cannot have any effect in restoring
the agriculture, of the country to permanent pros-
perity.

Smock EXCHANGE, Ten o' Clock.

Opening of the, Market.—At an early hour
this morning the Stock Exchange was crowded,
and the moment the Market opened a great
bustle and confusion prevailed : Consols were
done in a few minutes at the following prices—
rn Pti
Eleven o'Clock.—Our Market is now steady
at 77H, and some very heavy sales have been
made this morning by several eminent Brokers,
and one who bought on Monday above half a
million of Stock. The report at this moment is,
that Ministers intend to pay the 5 per cents.,

which has caused, a decline in that stock of on;
per cent.
Rrelve o'Clock.—At this moment a great deal
of business is doing in the five per cent. market.
Yesterday they left of at 1071, and the fluctua-
tions are this morning as follow :—Opened at
106, got up to 10G:,'-'•7, and are now 106.3-,.

CANADA.—We have received a series of The
Quebec Gazettes to the Wth of December inclu-
sive, from which we shall shortly give some inte-
resting extracts.

Boston (American) Papers received this morn-
g to the 9th ult., contain nothing important.

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THE KING'S LEVEE.
LORD CHAMBERLAIN'S OFFICE, FEB. 5, 1822.
Notice is,hereby given, that his MAJESTY will hold a Levee
at Carlton "House, on Friday next the Bth inst. at two o'clock.

CEREMONY OF OPENING THE SESSION.
His Majesty having announced his intention of opening the
ensuing Session of Parliament in person, large crowds of spec-
tators continued to assemble all the morning, in every part of
the line, from Carlton Palace to the House of Lords. Long
before ten o'clock groups were formed anxiously inquiring of
each other at what time it was expected the King would leave
his Palace. It was '.generally supposed that twelve o'clock
was tie appointed Lon:, but that time arrived and no
further indications of the procession • starting appeared.
By this • time a vast assemblage of people was congre-
gated, and, notwithstanding the exceedingly boisterous state
of the wind, all sect-lied determined to retain their stations.
Every moment the carriages of the -Nobility and 'Gentry
were passing in rapid succession. They-began to set down at
the. House of Lords by. eleven o'clock. The windows and bal-
conies of the honses along Whitehall and Parliament-streat
were filled with elegantly • dressed females, and every spot
that cominanded even ere remotest view of the procession 117113
filled. A little before one o'clock,l the Oxford Blues
marched out of the Horse Guards, and progeeded to Carhcin
Palace. They were folloWed by the Life Guards, in their
nee* *Grenadier Helmets, who wheeled to the right and left,
and preServed the line uf road. At twenty minutes before
two o'clock the Park guns commenced firing, and the
bells of the neighbouring Churches struck up a merry peal.
The gates of ihe Royal residence in Pall-mall were . then
thrown open, and
.the High Officers of the 'Household, the
Lord Chamberlain, the Master of the Horse, &c. &c. in four
of the Royal carriages and six, with the state liveries, pro-
ceeded towards the House of Peers. His Majesty, in his
state carriage, which hail been gorgeously fitted up for the
occasion, immediately, followed, preceded-. by about 20 of the
Yeomen of the Guards, and several footmen of the household
surrounding the carriage on foot. He was escorted by a body
of the Oxford Blues. On his entering Pall-mall, and indeed
throughout the whole procession, lie was loudly applauded,
and the populace manifested the greatest possible respect, and
wannest loyalty. Opposite to the Horse- Guards, however,
some dirty looking fellow-s made a desperate rush and uproar,
but their base attempts were frnstrnted by the long and con-
tinued acclamations that followed. His Majesty proceeded
at a -gentle pace down Cockspnr-street„ Whitehall, and Par-
liament-street, and, with the most
,condescending affability,
noticed by graceful inclinations of his head the reception he
experienced from the vast number of his subjects by whom
he was surrounded. The royal carriage droVe under a portico,
which was erected for the occasion, in the front of Cotton.gar-
'dens, where his Majesty alighted, and was received by the
Ocand Officers of State, with the usual ceremonies. All the
Windows were filled with spectators, by whom his- Majesty
*as greeted with huzzas, the Gentlemen waving their hats and
the Ladies their handkerchiefs, as 'the procession passed along
Cocksput-street, Charing-cross, Whitehall, and Parliament.-
street. At two o'clock, the firing of the Park and Tower guns
announced his Majesty's arrival in the House of Lords.