The Sun.
London, England, 1849-08-22 00:00:00

THE FRENCH REPUBLIC.

We have received the Paris papers of yesterday.
It is evident from the following article in the
Debats, that the POPE is by no means inclined to do
those things promised in his name to the French As-
sembly by his sponsor, M. DE TOCQUEVILLE. On
the contrary, the re-establishment of the Inquisition,
the seizure of all the copies of DIODATI'S translation
of the Bible, the arrest and imprisonment of Dr.
Acnnu, solely because he is a Protestant, all tend
to prove that Pius IX. takes for his model the hero
of M. DE FALLOUX, who planned, in conjunction
with the French Parti-Pretre of that day, the mas-
sacre of St. Bartholomew, rather than the pious,
tolerant, and liberal-minded GAIGANELLI, between
whom and MASTAII FERRETTI it was at one time
thought there was some resemblance. The article in
the Debats is as follows : _

"It is impossible for us to conceal the deep and in-
creasing regret which we feel in seeing the return of the
Pope to Rome indefinitely postponed. We know the
excellent and paternal feelings of Piux IX.—we know
that he is animated with the most prudent and liberal
intentions—we knOw, by his reiterated declarations, that
he comprehends all the extent of the reforms which the
Government of his states demands. We think we also
know that the power the more directly interested in the
pacification of Italy—far from contradicting the councils
given by France, on the contrary supports them. We
are, therefore, persuaded that it' the Pope himself comes
and resumes his place in his capital, he would personally
exercise his prerogative in quite a different spirit from
that shown by his present delegates. What has taken
place in Rome since the commandant of the French
army considered it his duty to hand over the
civil Government to the pontifical commission? We do
not speak of the measure connected with the paper
money—a measure which we consider ill-advised, which
has ruined and dissatisfied the middle classes, but which
may perhaps be justified by reasons of political economy.
What we allude to, and what we think we have a right
to complain of bitterly, is the precipitation with which
the commission of three cardinals successively re-
established the institutions and the customs which were
the most decried and condemned of the previous
regime of Pius IX., such as the vicariat-general, the
inquisition into the existence of all citizens, and the
ecclesiastical judicial power. 'The reform in the judicial
organisation was one' of those measures which the
French Government the most warmly and constantly re
commended, and the Pepe himself had publicly accepted
the idea, and had formally expressed his intention ol in-
troducing the principles. of the French civil code into the
administration of justice in his states. It is for this
reason we shall hail with the livliest satisfaction the re-
turn of the Pope into his states, for we are sure that

he will not suffer the abuse which is now there made of
his authority. But while waiting for his return the
French are there, and they must not be there for nothing.
We are morally responsible for what is done in such
parts of the Pontifical territory as we occupy militarily;
and when we see already the re-establishment of certain
institutions, added to useless acts of violence against
persons, we cannot allow ourselves to be indifferent wit-
nesses of such a spectacle, and appear to sanction it by
our presence and by our silence. We consider that
France has fulfilled her duties towards the Papacy; she
has others to perform towards the Romans—towards the

opinion of all the Italian peninsula—of all-liberal Eu-
rope—and we may add, towards herself. We certainly
feel the deepest respect for the sovereignty of the Pope,
and for his perfect independence; we nevertheless think
that both the one and the other would be very weak
without us, and that after having accepted the sword of
France, there would be no humiliation in accepting some
of her counsels."
_ _

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But it is not merely the affairs of Rome which are
embarrassing the French Government. The following
letter, which appears in the semi-official Patrie,
proves that the French Government regard with
almost equal anxiety the state of affairs in Piedmont :
" The extreme party in the Chamber of Deputies ap-
pear to have the upper hand. The left will have 90
votes, while the constitutional right will find a difficulty
to muster 40. Since the nomination of the President a
compromise had been attempted by the right, which did
not put forward any candidate, and gave their support to
a man belonging to the moderate left centre. The de•
mocratic party, however, would listen to no compromise.
To what will this state of things lead us? To anarchy
or to absolutism. You are already aware that a dis-
discussion has been opened on the treaty of peace, and
that the Ministry would in all probability meet with
an immediate check. The opposition has allowed
itself to be carried away by the exciting language
of MM. Cabella, Bianchi, Giovanni, Cadorne, and
Valerio. It thought that it was not necessary
to have a war of words, but one of facts—a
systematic war. It began by refusing to sanction the
treaty, Will this vote lead to the overthrow of the
Ministry? Ido not think it will. Any other Ministry
whatever must, before any other thing is done, submit
the treaty of peace to the approbation of the Chamber,
for there is not a moment to be lost; there is a necessity
for its so doing—a fatal 'necessity, I admit, but against
which it is useless to struggle. And suppose that the
Government should be mad enough to again attempt the
' game of force and chance, is it not clear that in three
days the Austrians would be at Turin?"
In which case France, we may add, will be com-
pelled to do that which she ought to have done long
since, draw the sword in support of Italian inde-
pendence.
The National publishes a letter from Constaninople,
which gives the following details of the bargain
between Russia and Austria. The writer says—
" I terminate my letter with a piece of very grave
news. There can be no doubt of the fact, that Austria
has agreed to cede the mouth of the Caltaro to Russia.
Caltaro is only at some leagues' distance from the
Turkish port of Antivari, and of Scutari, the capital of
Albania, and not far from the lonian Isles. The Divan
and Sir S. Canning have energetically protested
against this surrender, and have announced that they
consider it to involve a cases belli. Has France become
Russian to such an extent as to hold her silence in pre-
sence of so exorbitant a circumstance?"

This statement is corroborated by an article in the
Presse (the organ of the Russian party) which makes
a precisely similar statement.
The PRESIDENT of the Republic has taken up his
residence at St. Cloud, where be proposes to remain
during the vacation. M. DE FALLOUX has gone to
the baths at Neris„'and the Marquis of NORMANBY
has left Paris for the coast.
A letter from Toulon of the 17th inst. announces
that accounts have been received from Gaeta which
leave no doubt as to the intention of the POPE to
return at no distant period to Rome. M. DE Conn-
CALLES is expected every day at Toulon. The Medi-
terranean fleet remained at anchor in the harbour.
Father VENTURA is at present at Montpellier. He
has been refused passports to Paris.
The following exquisitely ridiculous paragraph ap-
pears in the Corsaire on the subject of the meetings
of the Financial Reform Association. Mr. LUSH..
INGTJN, and the Reverend Mr. SPENCER, who are
staunch Free- traders, will smile to see themselves
classed among the Socialists, who are the legitimate
offspring of Protection. " If,"says the Corsaire, " the
gracious SOVEREIGN of Great Britain is desirous
of preserving her triple crown, she must, what-
ever may be said, oppose the development of
radical meetings. 'lf you wish for a Government
par excellence, go to the United States,' said Mr. Lusa-
INGTON to the people three days since, and the people of
London, clapped their hands. Aristocracy, so ar-
rogant for us, is no longer spared. In speaking of
economical reforms, the Rev. Mr. SPENCER said, I
see no reason for giving the QUEEN DOWAGER
100,0001. per annum. And Lord BROUGHAM, what
does he want with 5,0001. (125,000 f.) which is al-
lowed to him ? And the bastards of CHARLES 11.,
why are rich presents made to them ?'—(Loud ap•
plause.) But there is something more serious still.
I declare loudly that if the taxes are not decreased
the internal tranquillity of the country will not long
continue.' In fact, it is Socialism advancing towards
civil war. Let our neighbours across the Channel
now taunt us; they resemble us more than they are
aware of."
The Three per Cents. closed on the Paris Bourse On
Tuesday at 54i. 10c.; the Five per Cents. at 89f. 50c.;
Orleans Railroad Shares, 760 f.; Rouen, 530 f.; Havre,
245 f.; Great Northern, 421 f. 25c.; Avignon, 223 f.
75c.; Basle, 102 f. 50c.; Bordeaux, 398 f. 75c.; Paris and
Strasbourg, 353 f. 75c.
BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK-EXCHANGE. AUGUST 21.
Boulogne and Amiens, 61,E—Duteh Rhenish, M East
Indian, 4—Namur and Liege, 6—Orleans and Bordeaux, 2
—Paris and Rouen, 20% ex div.—Sambre and Meuse, 2%.