The Sun.
London, England, 1831-04-27 00:00:00

PRIVATE CORRESPONDENCE.

ROME, APRIL 9,
On Wednesday last, the tith inst., a proclamation of the
Pope was made known to his subjects ; it is dated the sth
of April, and contains so much matter, and explains so
well the history of iitiport tnt events, that I send a trans-
latioii, of it

GitEGORY XVI. TO HIS MOST BELOVED

SUBJECTS.

" That God, who hash deigned in his inscrutiltle wis-
dom to call our infirmity to the Supreme Pontificate, was
not unmindful of us amidst the difficulties, which from
its very camtnencement rapidly increased ; and by a
special mark of his ever kind Providence, not wi-hing
that these should be superior to our strength, he bath
impartial curly unto us with this tribulation the means to
overcome it ; to the end th it we might not despair oft e
hope of never-failing Divine protection, which hope we
most vividly set forth in our first address to our people.
Whilst however we announce with joy the tempest calmed
and tranquillity restored in the provinces, which persons,
enemies of religion and of the throne, desolated with the
horrors of rebellion, we exult in being enabled to proclaim
to the glory of truth, that if the purity of that faith which
the apostle Paul with divine testimony asserted, spoken
of throughout the whole world,' be preserved uncon-
taminated amongst our Roman people, not less constant,
nor less ce!ebrated throughout all Europe is their fidelity
to him who is their constituted father and sovereign.

" Pleasing to its is it thus publicly to eulogize ;o faithful
a people, from whom, on this account, even in more
turbid moments. we never would have separated our-
selves, determined to share with them that lot with which
it might have pleased God to hamble us under his power-
ful hand. The sincere attachment, the filial obedience,
the docile submission of the same people towards our per-
son, have inspired ng with an unlimited trust in it, and
will ever render dear the recollections of the affectiniz de-
monstrations which in the most conspicuous manner it
exerted itself to make of them.

"By the Divine assist ince, which came the e 'Hier
through the fervour of the public and private prayers of
oor children, the days of sorrow pissed, and in an instant
were broken the arms which sacriligeous hands brandislo d
that they might carry into the Levitical land desolation
and tears The see of Christianity, which by a singular
predilection, God willed should be governed by him who
was prince and pontiff, to the end that, being prince, he
might be rendered more flee in the exercise of his spiritual
authority, triumphed also this time, protected against the
machinations of impiety by him who placed it like unto
an impregnable tower, whence are suspended thousands of
shields. and every weapon of the brave.
" But if, with the sincerity of the most lively grati-
tude, we bear in mind those choice companies of the brave,
to whom God willed should be reserved the triumph over
the perversity of the revolted, and with it the honour to
restore to the Holy See its states, crowning with so happy
an issue the incessant impulses of that most pure religion
which forms the brightest eulogium of their august and
powerful Sovereign Francis 1., to whom indelible grati-
tude shall ever attach us ; glory also be there, and pralse
unto those honest citizens who, emu►ously forming them-
selves into a civic militia, watched indefatigably under
arms, anal amidst labours of most arduous service, over
the safety of our person, and the quiet of this city.
" But in this determined fidelity and noble deign, the
Roman people had a rival in the neighbouring provinces,
which, after these had been put in a state of defence,
counted it glory to send volunteers, who, leaving their
fire-sides, hastened to augment that precious portion of
our troops which, under skilful and honourable leaders,
was alive to the force of the oaths made to us, and knew
how to defend, and cause to be respected, a soil coniecrat•
to fidelity, And here let all receive the assurance of our
warmest gratitude, and the promise that it shall not be
steril ; being but too deeply interested in the effectually
furthering their advantage, as far as the unpropitious state
of things will permit.
" We could, indeed, desire to open our heart in similar
expressions towards all the rest of the people whom God
bath confided to our temporal Government. But if these
have been drawn into the troubles of rebellion, it is well
known to us that the greater portion were only ♦ictims of
coercion, air of fear, as clearly demonstrate the exultation
and the joy with which, the moment there was the appear-
ance of a ray of proximate liberation, (having shaken off
the degrading yoke imposed by the seditious, and substi-
tuted, instead of the ensign of rebellion, the pacific standard
of the Papal Government). they proclaimed the return to
that father and sovereign, from whose bosom the crimes of
a few had cruelly torn them.
" Firm in the great design to make such provisions as
may ameliorate the condition of our subjects, we were
solicitous about it even in the midst of the afflicting past
calamities ; and ever ready to hearken to their desires pro-
vided they be the offspring of real necessity, and calculated
to produce the advantages sought : we will early make
known those ideas, which the consideration of tne past,
and an examination into circumstances, may point out as
the best.

" But so many paternal cares would indeed be illusory,
nor adequate to attain the wished-for intent (and even
should the most flattering appearance of a happy hereafter
present itself to us, the duration of it would be momen-
tary), if, by energetic measures, were not prevented the
return of the disorders, which will long leave traces of the
evils resulting from them.
" Mindful, however, that the good seed will always be
choked, if the tares which the enemy sowed be not plucked
out by the very roots, we could not behold without regret
a deed which took place in Ancona on the 26th of March
last ; this, leaving untouched the elements of rebellion,
suspended only for a moment the effects of it, which would
be the more ruinous the instant should be wanting tha'
which arrested the whirling torrent. But, thanks to that
God, who, itnmense in his providence, brings out of evil
real blessings, when he judges it expedient for his great
glory, he permitted renewed blindness in the leaders of the
factious; it being evidenced in these, that in their deli-
rium they deceived thems.'lves. Searching rashly new
means of adding to their guilt, they devised nom them-
selves, in order to meet the urgency of the moment, (be-
sides a violent seizure of person in the presence of force,
and fallacious representations of impending misfottune,)
deed of our most dearly-beloved son Cardinal Benvenuti,
who, first outraged and wholly unrespected in his sublime
dignity, assaulted, arrested, and fallen, owing to such
treatment, into a serious illness, nor even r.s'ored to ne-
cessary liberty, was all this while in the hands of these
same persons, who had endeavoured to make an object of
public indignation by the most calumniating public e
" But perfectly clear, and too well known by all, was
besides being dragged a
the intrinsic nullity of a deed of such a nature, published
pivner
si
sat
oensdteairntof
ourtoeoeeriicinti.ttmienry;rychtaoimind, and consequently hadnie lo who,t atthe moment the faculty
him
ceased to be the depository of those powers with which
we had invested him. The good were immoderately
afflicted at this, and general was the feeling of regret ou
account of the surprise into which a just man was seen to
fall in a moment of trepidation, and when surrounded by
the tormenting machinations of the inveterate enemies of
public order. We blamed such a deed upon our first
being informed of it, and loudly declaring the nullity of it,
which for many reasons was most manifest ; and the in-
structions which we hastened to give, with the sole view
of removing from our people the repetition of disaster,
were in conformity with this maxim, which every right,
s tcred and divine, guaranteed.
" Ministers, however, of that Saviour, who willed that
that be lopped away which is the cause of offence, and
that the had leaven which might corrupt the whole be re-
moved, we will not forget that one day must be rendered
unto God an account of the use which we shall have made
of mercy and justice. Penetrated with a sense of the
duties which the character of Prince imposes up.,n us, we
will ever bear in mind, even whilst we walk in tl,e paths
of peace, that justice should be united with this in gentle
bond,---justice, which imperiously calls upon us to place
those in a condition to do no further harm, who only re-
sponded to the reiterated pourings forth of tenderness and
clemency by fresh attempts against religion, the Govern-
ment, and public tranquillity. Debtors to our subjects
for the insurance of this, as regards their persons, moral
discipline, and property, we will direct our foresight to-
wards this salutary object, keeping ourselves within the
limits which mercy and justicc:should dictate. Be it then
a common duty to implore for us, of Divine mercy, light
and help, that our resolves be according to his will, to till
end that these being protected by it, may produce thor
results of solid and permanent happiness which com-
menced, preserved, and strengthened, in rectitude and
truth, may alone cause the fulfilment of those prayer
which we direct most fervently to Heaven, in the bestow-
ing upon our subjects the Apostolic benediction.
"Datum Romx, spud
S. Mariam majorem, die 5 Aprilis,
1831, Pontificatus nostri anno
" GREGORIUS, P.P., XVI."
I had intended to fill the whole of this sheet with a
copy of the correspondence between Cardinal Benvenuti
and General Geppeit. It appears certain that General
Zucclii, Orioli, Peopoli, were taken in endeavouring to
pass to the lonian Isles. Sercognani, it is supposed, has
escaped. We hear nothing of him. It is strongly so,.
pected there has, for borne good reason, been a connivanc,
in this on the part of the Government. We also hear
Cardinal Oppizoni agrees with Cardinal Benvenuti, in the
upholding the deed by the latter ; that there is in conse-

quence some difficulty here, but that the Pope is deter-
mined such-deed shall not be binding : these are to-day's
reports. I have just time to copy a letter addressed to a
gentleman employed in the " Sacred Consuta" in Rome.
" Rimini, lthrell 27.

" Most esteemed and dear friend,—We are now 'free.—
Thanks to Almighty God, through the coining of the
Austrian at my, which made its entry into this city on the
evening of the 25th, after about an hour's firing with a
body of liberal,, who had posted themselves about a mile
from the city, and had the audacity to make head against
the vanguard of the said army, and then took to flight,
not, however, till army on both sides were killed, and
about 20 wounded, who are in this hospital. The body
of forces of the infernal Zucchi, which was in the city,
and amounted to 2,000, also fl,d precipitately towards
Ancona. The populace was in a t rriitle fright, expecting
a general saeking, as it merited; hut, thanks to God, all
passed quietly, the General revoking the order through
t' e mediation of our Bishop, and of another excellent person,
a retired Prussian Cipta,n living in this city: We were
restored to the former Government of our Holy Father
on the 25th."

FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE.

(From the Constitutionnel of Sunday.)

VENICE, APRIL 12.—Our Governor, in com-
pliance with an order issued from the Austria.'
Chancery, and signed by Prince Metternich, his
delivered upon the agents sent for the purpose Vie
unfortunate General Z•icchi, who has been conveyed
to the fortress of Gartz, in Styria. It is stated
that his companions in mi fortune will shortly sit
one for various pl ice
MANTUA, AI'RIL 12.—A part of the Austrian
troops has received orders to quit the estates of the
Pope, and retire to the Duchies of Parma and Mo-
dena, and on the line of the Po. This movement
cannot be regarded as an evacuation, because strong
garrisons will remain in all the towns of Romagna.
In this fine country the towns are only two or three
leagues distance from each other. The Austrian
domination will therefore, extend like a net over the
country, which the troops will be supposed to have
evacuated. At the first signal, the columns that
will remain at Ferrara, and on the Modenese terri-
tory, mty easily call together, in case of need, all
the detached garrisons, and in a few days, the Aus-
trian troops again form an army. It is said th et
the garrisons in Romagna will be in the pay, and
'lndex the orders of the Pope. If such an arrange-
ment has been made, it is very evident that
it is a- the same time a means to make the

kloly Sec ' pay the expellees of the. war,
and a stratagem of the Cabinet of Vienna
t 3 prolong the occupation indefinitely. Meantime
the invasion of Romagna has not destroyed the hopes
or depressed the courage of the patriots. The public
spirit of the lower classes has been raised by the
presence of the enemy's troops; and we do not hesi-
tate to a:sert, that if France could land at Leghorn
two or three regiments, with arms and ammunition
for the people, the whole country would rise with
new energy. The whole population of the kingdom
of Lombardy and Venice is fully as liberal, and
ready to take part will France at the first signal of
war. There was lately an opportunity 'to judge of
the spirit of the country from the very cool reception
given to the daughter of Victor Amadeus, Consort
of the Crown Prince of Austria, in Lombardy. The
working classes are eminently liberal, and express
their sentiments with much freedom.

The Austrian police has hitherto arrested and in-
teirogated only a very small number of influential
parsons; it draws back at the great number of arrests
that would bc necessary, if all those suspected of
patriotism were to be included.
It was reported at Milan that a revolutionary
movement was going to take place. The police
took extraordinary precautions ; the troops were
under arms; detachments were stationed in various
parts : sixty or seventy Tyrolese chasseurs were
at en on the towers of the cathedral, making signs to

the corps of troops stationed without ; the officers
with telescopes looked towards the country, for it
w.,s said that the peasants were to come and attack
the city. However, not the smallest movement was
ob-ervil out of the city, and perfect tranquillity pre-
vailed within. All these proceedings only excited
surprise. An accident having deranged the peal of
bels at midnight, so that the strokes of the ham-
mers succceled very rapidly, the police thought that
the tocsin was sounded. The troops were imam-
diately on foot, and traversed the city in all direc-
tions to seize the conspirators; and it was some
time before the cause of the noise was discovered.

TI e next day the garrison was laughed at by the
whole city. Since that time, however, two cannon
have been plat el in the exchange, and two others
bi fore the Viceroy's Palace. There are also at
Milan ninety-six cannon in the Circus.. The gar-
rison consists of three thousand art llery and ten
thousand troops of the line.
PARIS —lt cao no longer be dissembled that the
Peerage has inflicted on itself a fatal blow; it has
riot feared to shew itself openly hostile to the revo-
tion of 1830 ; it has destroyed itself in public opi-
nion, and its fit of frankness, its manifestation of
Guilty hopes will, no doubt, be turned to account
by the Government. The re-constitution of the
Pterage has become a necessity, and will be the

woik of the new Chamber of Deputies.
M. Casimir Petit'', son of the President of the
Council, left Paris yesterday for London, with Go-
vernme' t de,patrhes.
The Gazette de France states that the retirement
of Gentral Sebastiani and Count Montalivet from
the Cabinet has become a topic of general conver-
sa. inn.
The Tribune repeats, but without giving crelit
to it, a report that twenty new Peers are to be cre-
ated before the opening of the next Session of the
Chambers.

(From Le Temps of Sunday.)

PARIS, APRIL 23.—8 y letters froM Lisbon of the
9111, rt ceived to-day at Paris, we hear that Don Mi-
guel had given no answer to the intimations made
by M. Cassas, Consul-General of France, confor-
mab'y to the orders which he had received from his
Government. M. Cassas had granted a farther de-
lay till the 11th, and it is stated that it was his in-
tention to embark on that day if proper satisfaction
should not have been given in the interval, but that
he would remain in the Tagus some days before he
left Lisbon.

(From the National of Sunday.)

BARCELONA, APRIL 1 s.—(Private Correspon-
dence.)—An appalling exhibition has to-day been
presented to the inhabitants of this city; no less
than six executions ha% e taken place—three military
men were shot, and as many citizens hanged. The
number of executions must soon increase to a con-
siderable degree, as the prisons are filling with fre.h
victims every day. On the evening of the 9th alone
eight persons were arrested; they are men of pro-
perty, and are charged with having formed a con-
spiracy to overthrow the Government and re-esta-
blish the Constitution. A report has been spread
by the Ultra-Royalists that all the papers and plans
relating to this conspiracy have been seized by the
authorities, as also a model for the pillar of the
Constitution, which was to be placed in the prin-
cipal square of Barcelona, and ornamented with a
tree of liberty, and the following inscription :--
" The Constitution or death."

BIRTHS.
On the :nth inst. at Mill.wall, Poplar, Mrs. C. A. Ferguson, of
a daughter.
On the :34th inst. at Strand-on-the-Green, Middlesex, the lady
of 11. J. Phillips, Esq., of a daughter.
MARRIED.
On the girth inst. at Hornsey, W. C. Cooper, Esq. eldest soft
of W. D. C. Cooper, Esq., of Park-house, Highgate, and Tod-,
dington, Bedfordshire, to Laura Georgians, eldest daughter 01
Captain Ellis, of Tuy buy Park, Monmouthshire.
On the ddth inst. at Langham Church, Captain G. It. Pem-
berton, East India Company's Service, to Anne M. J. Angelo,
seventh daughter of he late A. Angelo, Esq., East India Col"-
patty's Service ; and at the same time and place, Captain
Angelo, East India Company's Service, to Elizabeth, Mill
daughter of the late W. Mansell, Esq.
DIED.
On the 2fith inst. at Peckham, in the 91st year of her age,
Mrs. Eames, mother of Mrs. Emans, of the E.inburgh Castle,
Strand.
On the 25th inst. at Stoke Newington, Wm. Wandesfor ,e,
eldest son of W. Trend, Esq.
On the :nth inst. in Lincoln's Jerhn Calthorpe Gouge, Esq.,
in the iSth year of his age.
On the 23,1 inst. when on a sisit to Sir C. Chad, at Worthing,
the Earl Wintcrton, in his 73,1 year.

PRINTED AND PUBLISHED By MU It DO YOUNG, Ar
SUN OFFICE, 1114 STRAND, LONDON,

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