The Sun.
London, England, 1831-04-25 00:00:00

THE HOLY LAND.

Dedicated, by express Permission, to the King.
This day was pub:ished, in Two Vols. Svo. with nume-
rous splendid Engravings, 30s. hoards,
TRAVELS in the HOLY LAND, and
various other Countries, including the TRACK of
the APOSTLE PAUL.

By WILLIAM RAE WILSON, Esq. F.A.S.
Author of " Travels iu Poland, Russia, anti Finland ;"
also, in " Norway, Sweden, and Denmark."
This is a most useful work for Ministers of Religion, in
which are Letters to the Author from Foreign Sovereigns
on the Protestant Faith; with a minute description of the
Convent of La Trappe, which he visited, and i❑ which so
many Englishmen of distinction have assumed the cha-
racter of a monk.
Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green.

•-e."04',74 LAM

LONDON,
MONDAY EVENING, APRIL 25, 1831.

As the great business of the Legislature is now
for a time at an end, it may not he deemed irrele-
vant if we take a hasty survey of the merits of the
leaders of the two contending parties. The task,
we arc aware, is far from a novel one ; nevertheless,
it is not without its use, as it will tend still further
to open the eyes of the public to the characters and
motives of those who oppose, and those who advo-
cate, Reform.
We commence with Sir R. PEEL. Brought up
in the High Tory School, with principles formed,
nurtured, and matured under a system now fast pass-
ing away, the object of this statesman in setting
his face against Reform is evident. It is to perpe-
tuate the dynasty under which he has risen to great-
ness, which is closely identified with himself, and
whose downfall will be the signal of his own. He
opposes Reform less from choice than from neces-
sity. He can only support Ministers by discarding
all his old prejudices, and giving the lie direct to all
his political tenets. This is a dangerous experi•
ment to venture upon ; Sir ROBERT well knows
that it is so ; and will be fn no hurry to play
the Catholic question game over again. To be con-
sistent, he must persevere in his opposition to Re-
form ; to retain the confidence of his party, he must
still keep up the stale clamour of revolution. If he
waver but an instant he is lost. The Ultras will
never again trust a leader who deserts them in the
hour of peril ; the country will never pin its faith on a
statesman who commences his political education in
a new school, at the mature age of forty-seven
A venerable school-boy is as much out of his
element in St. Stephen's as at Harrow. The
necessities of the age demand new men and
new measures. The rust must be wiped off
the shield of the Constitution. All those who, in
the discharge of tl,eir public duties, have regarded
the past rather than the present or the future ; who
have kept their eyes fixed ors the East, when the
sun was already low in the West ; who have
steadily set their faces against improvement ;
who have legislated for the few, not the
many ; who have preferred system to expe-
diency ; who, in their zeal for the borough-
mongers, have overlooked the people;—all these
must go. Sir ROBERT PEEL is one of these, inter
rnille millesimus ; therefore lie must go. Mr. GOUL-
BURS is another, and he too must evapot we, For
the same reason Mr. HORACE TWISS must be ex-
tinguished ; Mr. CROKER gird up his loins and
flee; Mr. DawsoN take up his staff and walk. But
it is of the former of these astute statesmen that
we would here more particularly speak. His con-
dition is peculiarly pitiable. Having been for years
raised above his level, he is now descending to it.
The people have detected the false coin which so
long passed current for gold. They have found out
that Sir R. PEEL, though a pompous orator, is but
a shallow statesman ; that he has hitherto been great
solely because he had none to oppose him ; success-
ful, solely because his party for years had every
thing their own way. The Ultras being no longer
in the ascendant, where now is Sir R. PEEL ? What
has become of all that astounding sagacity which used
to convulse the Courier and electrify the NewTinies?
Where is the influence arising from the superior in-
tellect of the individual, that should support him in

this crisis ? He has it not. The power of the man
himself was always limited; it was his party tkat
gave him authority and kept him afloat. As a poli-
tician, Sir ROBERT is the sublime of common-place.
The tradesman predominates in all he says or does.
His rhetoric smells not of the lamp, but the ledger.
He talks of revolution—a gigantic theme in the
hands of a pigmy—as if it were merely a matter of
pounds, shillings, a►►d pence; of Reform, as if it
were a question of bankruptcy. But his day is gone
by, and he knows it. Hence the secret of his
ravings against the Press; of his avowed indif-
ference to place; of his last frantic declaration in the
House, that it was " no longer an object of pride to
hold a high official situation."

With llr. GOULBURN—poor dear Mr. GOVL-
BURN !—and his brethren in affliction, Messrs. DAw-
SON, CROKER, TWISS, BANKES, and Co., we shall,
as a matter of course, make short work. They are
anti-Reformers : first, from a limited capacity, which
will not allow them to comprehend the bearings of
a great question ; secondly, from a humiliating con-
viction that their services are net required by their
opponents. Sir J. SCARLETT is in the same pre-
dicament. As a lawyer, he may still win golden
opinions from his clients; still delight the Bench
and convince the Jury; but as a senator his day is
over. Whether for or against Reform, his opinion
has not the slightest weight. The oracle of the
King's Bench is a mere Nobody in Saint Stephen's,
and actually does more harm to the cause which he
advocates, than to that which he espouses. In one
word, he is the Paria of the political world.

Look now to the other side. Observe the vast
array of talent that adorns the ranks of the Re-
formers. The first name in our thoughts, in every
one's thoughts, iS BROUGHAM, with whom the age
has scarcely yet come up, though it has already
overtaken and shot a-head of Sir R. -PEEL. The
cause of Reform owes more to our myriad-minded
Chancellor than to any man or party that ever
existed. By his speeches in the Senate, by his
writings, by the high moral influence of his ex_
ample, he has tutored, disciplined, and prepared
the minds of the people for the important privileges
now. about to be conferred on them. Since the
commencement of his Herculean labours in the
cause of education, one generation has passed
away and another sprung:up, enlightened by his
precepts, influenced by his example, imbued,
more or less, with a portion of his own liberal
spirit. Lord BROUGHAM, although a Peer, is
essentially, and in the strictest sense of the term,
a great man. He appreciates the character of
the age, for the very reason that it has been mainly
formed by himself; knows the exact point to which
Reform should extend ; how far it is favourable, bow
far injurious, to the Constitution. But he is a rash
theorist, say the Ultras ! True, so he is, if by rash-
ness is implied a fixed determination to cut up, root
and branch, the unconstitutional power of the
Boroughtnongers ; to take special care that a lordly,
lazy, conceited pensioner, shall no longer squeeze
the last farthing out of the pockets of suffering
clients; and that fiends in human shape, whether
Reverend or otherwise, shall no longer mangle the
bodies of helpless men and still more helpless women.
If this be rashness, Lord BROUGHAM is rash, and GOD
grant—in mercy to his country,in mercy to the interests
of humanity—that he may long continue so!—Whe-
ther viewed as statesman, philosopher, or lawyer—
for surely law implies something more intellectual,
more elevated, than a mere knowledge of techni-
calities—we look on Lord SnouGuast as the first
man of the age. The founder of the London Uni-
versity—the grand prop and pillar of the Mechanics'
Institute—the unwearied promoter of every literary
Institution throughout the kingdom—the generous
friend of all slaves, whether Enesh or African—
the Reformer of the Augean Stables of the Law;;—
the claims of this eminent man on his country, on the
human race, are such as can never be forgotten. To
add, if possible, to these claims, he is now taking
a foremost part in a sweeping Reform of the Con-
stitution ; the schoolmaster which he has already
sent abroad, being one of his most active agents on
the occasion.

To Lord GREY, as another advocate of Reform,
indeed, us its acknowledged head, nearly equal praise
is due. This statesman possesses the rare merit of
having passed a long life, spent for the most part
in the public service, unsullied by a single political
error. From the first, down to the present hour of
his course, he has been consistent in his principles,
manly and uncompromising in asserting them. He
has never vacillated for a moment. Place, if earned
by the sacrifice of opinion, has had no charms for
him. Where others hesitated, he was firm;
where others trembled, he knew not fear.
Distinguished for the powers of his intellect, even
in those days when the eloquence of BURKE, PITT,
Fox, WYNDIIAM, SHERIDAN, rendered the House
of Commons the first assembly in the world, be is
now of course, with the sole exception of BROUGHAM,
the fist orator of his age. He is now a giant among
pigmies, as he was before a giant among giants.
Of Lord J. RUSSELL, who renews in his own
person the old glories and virtues of the RUSSELL
family ; of ALTHORP, the manly, the sincere, the
liberal; of HAWKINS, whose latest, and Nfe believe
whose first effort, in the House of Commons, entitles
him to rank among the foremost of our liberal
speakers, and one of whose terse arguments is worth
volumes of Sir R. PEEL'S diluted fustian; of TENNI"-
SON ; of HOBHOUSE ; of JEFFREY; of Sir FRANCIS
BURDETT, whose patriotic eloquence is the " pure
well of English undefiled ;"—of all these great men
we shall merely say, that the public have, in their
zealous adoption of the cause, a guarantee that
Reform must and will be carried; and that when
carried, it will be the regeneration of the country.
Electors of the United Kingdom, such are your
friends, such your foes. Now make your choice. It
rests with you, and you alone. Choose whether
you will have a return of the old system of pecula-
tion and corruption ; of sinecures and pension lists ;
of PEEL and the boroughmongering faction, the
avowed advocates of CHARLES the Tenth and his
ordinances ; or commence a new :era of freedom, civi-
lization, and universal improvement. Of one fact
you may be convinced. If PEEL and the borough-
mongers return to power, you are slaves; if Earl
GREY and the Reformers continue in the ascend.
ant, you are free. This is strong language, but it is
rue ; aye, true to the very letter ; true as the treach-
ery of the man HUNT; true as the infamous ratting of
Sir ROBERT WILSON.

The boroughmongers, those deadly foes to Eng-
land and her suns, v ho have for so long a period bat-
tened on the vitals of the State, feeling they are in
their last extremity, have conspired—have made a
stock purse, determined to sacrifice a large por-
r ion of the plunder they have wrung from the
people, in the hope of being thereby enabled once
more to return themselves, or their creatures, to
the Legislature, that they may again defeat the great
measure of Reform, when they would reck-
lessly reimburse themselves for the cost of the

i

i

unrighteous sacrifice, with usurious interest—.
from. the public purse. Let them BEIVAIIEi—..
they have hitherto with impunity defied the law;
but the law forbids Peers to interfere in the elec-
tion of Members to the Commons'
.House of Par-
liament, and they will find even a ducal coronet is
no protection against the consequences of its violation.
The cause of Reform, however, in despite of
their manceuvres, will proceed triumphantly—
wherever the public have a voice, the enemies of
Reform, quail and tremble, and already shrink from
the contest. Sir ROBERT WILSON, for Southwark,
Mr. TREVOR, for Carmarthenshire, Admiral SOTHE.
RON, for Nottinghamshire, are among those who
have retired. Even Scotland, with her nominal re-
presentation, will send a reinforcement of reformers.
DUNDAS, it is said, retires from Edinburgh, and
it is doubtful whether his son will be permitted to
succeed him ; and our warm-hearted brethren in Ire-
land will not fail to do their duty by themselves and
by the country.
" When bad men conspire, good men should
combine." Let the people unite in one common
effoi tto defeat this vile conspiracy. Let every man
who has a vote for county, city, or borough bestow
that vote as if the fate of England depended on
himself alone. Let no man be again returned, where
the public have a voice, who has dared to oppose
Reform, and no man returned who does not
pledge himself to give that great measure his
steady and unflinching support. Let every
elector for every rot•en borough bear in mind,
that the present is the last election at which
the tyrants who have domineered over and
instilled them, will possess that privilege,—let the
voters for these boroughs set their late masters at
defiance,—return patriot candidates,---and thus
nobly lend their aid to the salvation and liberation of
England from the sway of the faction by whom she
has been so long insulted and oppressed.

Men of Stamford,—Men of Newark,—the eyes
of England are upon you,—you proudly occupy the
front ground,—yours is the post of honour,—you
have resolved by anticipation to free yourselves from
the disgraceful. bondage in which you have so long
been held, and will nobly prove what Britons can
achieve, under the most adverse circumstances, when
determined to be free.

But, in the great struggle, let every friend of free-
dom and Reform, observe and support good order,
and preserve the public peace. The maniac and del
moniac faction of the boroughmongers—if they can-
not by their gold return themselves and their crea-
tures to Parliament, will not scruple, in the bitter
agony of a just disappointment, to gratify malevo-
lence, or indulge revenge,—to use it as the means of
exciting riot and disturbance, as their only hope of
injuring the cause of Reform, and creating an excuse
for libelling its supporters. Again, we say, let every
lover of his country and his KlNG,—and no Mo-
narch that ever swayed the British sceptre was so
well entitled to his people's love,—let every friend of
Reform instantly denounce the boroughmongers and
their hirelings, wherever they attempt to create riot
or disturbance, for assuredly none other will attempt
to do so.

Our readers will find, in another column, in the
list of our advertisements, a spirited and appropriate
address from Lord ALTHORP to the electors of Nor-
thamptonshire. Another address also appears from
the Hon. G. VERNON to the electors of Derbyshire,
who announces himself,- in the most liberal and de-
cided ternis, as the sworn friend to Reform. As
this.gentleman opposes himself to the claims of Mi:-
MUNDAY, the equivocal advocate of the Reform
Bill, he cannot but be successful. Every good
every reflecting—every patriotic man will support ,
him. The friends of Reform must countenance. no
trimmers; and Mr. VERNON is a reformer to the
back-bone. He is worthy of his illustrious colleague,'
a scion of the patriotic house of CAVENDISH.

A public illumination will take place to night
throughout the metropolis. The inhabitants have
had little time to make their preparations; but we
have no doubt that they will be suitable to the joy-
ful occasion.

Mr. O'CONNELL and his son, Mr. MAURICE
O'CONNELL, left town, this morning, for Ireland.
Several hundred persons assembled round their re•
sidence in Bridge-street, Westminster, and enthusi-
astically cheered them as they proceeded in their
travelling chariot along Parliament-street.

By the latest arrivals from France, we hear that
all is quiet at Paris, and that the intelligence of the
defeat of the Reform Bill had produced a great sen-
sation in that capital. From Poland nothing new
has arrived.

The following are extracts from Dutch and Ger-
man Papers received this morning :

WARSAW, Aran, 14.—0 n the 10th, at three o'clock
in the afternoon, the Russians burnt all the pontoons which
they had prepared at Tyrzen, opposite to Krziernice. Ge-
neral Andrychie had taken up a position near Wengrow,
with the newly-formed 20th regiment, under the command
of Colonel Klimkiewicz, and two cannon. The Russians
attacked them with a force thrice their number, and seven
cannon, but after an action of five hours they were re-
pulsed. The small number of these young troops again
repulsed the many en the following day. 160 more
prisoners, among whom are many officers, have been
brought into Warsaw. The Minister of Foreign Affairs
is reported to have received information that General'
Dwerneeki had obtained further advantages over General
Kreutz, and taken from him eight pieces of cannon.—
Field Marshal Dielfitsch leaves the banks of the Vistula and
the mouth of the Wieprz. Persons versed in the art of war
think that he may have two objects, either to retire to
the Bug, and perhaps pass that river at the same time,
covering his retreat with part of his corps, or to collect his
forces in order to strike a blow against the Polish army in
the Waiwodeship of Podlachia, and again to join the corps
of the guards from which be was cat off.
" Judges on these subjects may determine whether the
object of Diebitsch may not be while the ardent Skrzynecki,
animated by his success, goes farther and farther from
Warsaw, to break through his narrow line of communica-
tion, to cut him off from the capital, and to effect the union
of the Russian army, not in front of him, but in his rear.
The following accounts seem to indicate the possibility of
such an attempt, which, besides, is precisely the ma-
nzeuvre by which the Russian General ended the war
against Turkey."
It appears from the Warsaw Gazette that the Field
Marshal has suddenly advanced from the banks of the
Wieprz (beyond which river he was supposed to be re-
treating) to the great road from Warsaw to Siedlec. This
important movement is plainly announced in the following.
It is more and more confirmed that Field Marshal
Diebitsch has returned with his principal force to Siennica.
VIENNA, Aran.. 13.—From some accounts from the
Polish frontiers, given by the Observer, it seems there is
no truth in the report that 300 young men had totem-
AA in arms near the convent of Poczajow.
Great mortality is said to prevail in the garrison of
Zarrosc, and also among the troops of General Kreutz.
Dwernecki's consists of 18 squadrons, all old soldiers, 30
•o a squadron, and nine battalions of 840 each, all young
;non, so that the whole exceeds 6,000 men, without an
i fillet y and train.
AMSTERDAM, Aram 22.—The amount of subscription
o the loan of 42 millions of florins, as far as hitherto
:nown, is 13,471,200 florins.

AMSTERDAM, APRIL "2.,
Actual Debt, t2y, per cent 3B to 38%
Amort Syndic, 44 per cent.
G 2 a to 63y¢
Ditto, (him, 3N, per cent.
Exchange on London
Two months ll 82 5-10 1
VIENNA, APRIL 11.-We received yesterday the most
,itisfactory accounts from Paris, which leave no appre-

tension of a
the Alinistr,
however, ha'
are unfavour
bitsch will h
mitted befoi
Bosnia is re

APRIL
to the 26t1
there in con
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tari, exhortii
to have heel
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with Servia
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higher depa
the Reis Eff
schib Effenc
have taken
the regular
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The Coy
in a letter
accounts of
the authorit
to this suh
letter from
" We have
province of

progress. '
tion any lot
mento and
whom the ]
have a plau
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who was c
countrymen
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the country
Fears are e

vince, of
wholly dev
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will interfei

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Account
is continua
ing to pass
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by the g
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already m
organize t
destined t
Guard, wl

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not make t
the Itussi
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of Genera
that of thi
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baggage.
rals, and
tately rett
They
certing Sol
ately to fu
The troop
of Consta
will act al

The ac
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the Russi
and the B
put to de
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and are
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does not 1
therefore

steamer.
which eh
no doubt,
defy all

In the
which lel
at the tian
money
In the

The t
of the 24
and Sout
tain any
The fa
Constant
" The
rived her
ships of
will Kiel
known."

The p
state thi
ported tt
Dutch tr
the affaii

The pi
burg say
no use
most pa
also in g
article.

Thep
state the

Governr
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money '7
In the

Cons(

Cons(
Ditto
Brazi
Buena
Chili,
Colui

La
theatre
MIRE I
TA GLic
folk:in/el
Niaeque
take pla

interest—

BEIVA4E,-...
A the law;

in the elec-

►use of Par-
;al coronet is

its violation.

despite of
imphantly—

enemies of
- shrink from
Southwark,
niral SOTHE-
those who

nominal re-

)f reformers.
inburgh, and
)ermitted to

thren in Ire-

!Inselves and

men should

Dile common

q every man
mgh bestow
epended on
!rued, where

d to oppose
) does not

neasure his

Let every

it in mind,

i at which

over and

!ge,—let the

masters at

—and thus
liberation of
y whom she

,—the eyes

occupy the

onour,—you
trselves from

have so long
Britons can
Lances, when

•lend of free-

good order,
tniac and del
-if they can-

their crea-

a the bitter

:ify malevo-
the means of
only hope of
ig an excuse
;ay, let every
-and no Mo-

nre was so
ery friend of
mongers and
o create riot
will attempt

umn, in the

I appropriate
tore of Nor-

ippears from
Derbyshire,
eral and de-

',eform. As
aaims of Mr
the Reform
very good—
will support
ntenance no
rmer to the
us colleague,
WISH.

ice to night
hitants have

,ns ; but we
, to the joy-

MAURICE
for Ireland.

Ind their re-
and erithusi-

ied in their

le hear that
gence of the
a great sen-
othing new

1 arid Ger-

t three o'clock
ontoons which
ziernice. Ge-
ear Wengrow,
the command
The Russians
ber, and seven
hey were re-
; troops again

160 more
have been
7oreign Affairs
that General
over General
of cannon.--
he Vistula and
the art of war
r to retire to
he same time,
r to collect his
'olish army in
join the corps

whether the
at Skrzynecki,
farther from
f communica-
ffect the union
ut in his rear.
e possibility of
rely the ma-
Ided the war

that the Field
banks of the
owed to be re-
Siedlec. This
the following.
Field Marshal
ce to Siennica.
unts from the
seems there is
n had aefem-

he garrison of
:neral Kreutz,
Id soldiers, 30
Leh, all young
1, without an

of subscription
r as hitherto

AM, APRIL 22,,
33 to 13,3.
823 to 63y¢50 to 50%
11 87 5.10
11 82 5-10 I
erday the most
ave no appre-