The Sun.
London, England, 1849-06-09 00:00:00

'7'
I 3 e ATIL

LONDON, SATURDAY, JUNE 9, 1849.

After several delays, and a considerable amount of
expectation, the Message addressed to the national
representatives by the PRESIDENT of the French
Republic has appeared. Our readers, having been
enabled to examine the contents themselves, by its
publication in our columns yesterday evening, will
now, therefore, be the more capable of appreciating
the justice of any opinion pronounced upon its
character. _

It must be remembered in the first instance that
this important document is one annually required
from the Chief Magistrate of French Democracy, in
compliance with the 55th Article of the Repub-
lican Constitution. That a thousand inferences
should be drawn from the circumstance that
the Message, instead of being delivered in
the Tribune, was inserted in the Moniteur,
cannot be matter of surprise, considering the
fierce animosity raging between the various sec-
tions of French politicians—an animosity which not
unfrequently, and at tempestuous intervals, finds a
vent even in the discussions of the Parliament, in-
furiating the minority to such a pitch of madness,
that we have latterly begun to look upon the Moun-
tain as decidedly Volcanic.
As a matter of course, the authorship of the
Message has been variously attributed to every one
but the Prince-PiEsIDENT. Some whispered that
it was the elaborated production of M. TRIERS.
o:hers that the original manuscript was in
the handwriting of M. MOLE. Others, again, that
it was solely attributable to M. BAIIIIOT. Several
speaking upon " the mast unquestionable authority,"
pronounced the whole to be the effusion of two or
three of the leading statesmen ; 'while another band of
quidnuncs protested that it was the emanation of the
whole of the ruling administration collectively. Here,
however, to set at rest, at once and for ever, all these
ridiculous rumours, is the Message itself bearing upon
its every syllable the Lopress of the hand from which
it has proceeded, and followed immediately after-
wards by the statement of the Journal des Debats,
that the Message is exclusively written by LOUIS
NAPOT.EON.

As such, consequently, we accept the Message, and
enter dispassionately upon its examination. Not, be it
observed, without a plinfal emotion of sympathy for

the embarrassments by which the PRESIDENT was sur-
rounded in its composition. An experience of the
reception given to Royal speeches in our own coun -
try, and to Presidential Messages in the United
States, has long since assurei us that whatever may
be said in such speeches or such messages, it is
physically, and morally, and politically impossible to
satisfy the tastes of the population. If the document
is brief—it is superficial. If, on the contrary, it
enters at any length into particulars—it is
tedious, prolix, and unendurable. If it con-
tains any calculations—it is a dry sum
in arithmetic, a dull inventory of receipts
and expenditure. If, on the other hand, no
statistics whatever are given, every assertion in al-
lusion to the Exchequer is gainsayed, every statement
as to the fiscal or financial prospects is treated as hy-
pothetical. So in fact it has already proved with the
Message transmitted to the Legislative Assembly
from the Elysee National. Scarcely one of our
Parisian contemporaries but has some objection or
other to make to the document. One condemns it
as a disingenuous effort to gloze over the position of
the country. Another assails it as a dangerous ex-
aggeration of the difficulties accumulated round the
Republic. This one cries out with insatiable
curiosity that there is not enough of it. That, with
a manner expressive of the utter exhaustion of his
attention, insists there is a vast deal too much. Here
is a legitimist at white heat calling aloud because
the PRESIDENT has committed himself definitively to
the cause of Republicanism. Here again is a red-
hot ultra yelling with indignation because the
Message is not by any means sufficiently democrat—
for him ! And so the unfortunate document, pre-
pared with so much conscientious and patriotic
deliberation, gets torn to very rags and tatters almost
before the paper is dried from the printing !
All these things confirm us in the opinion formed
by ourselves after a calm and unimpassioned perusal
of the M essage of the French PRESIDENT to the
French Representatives—an opinion that, altogether,
the document is as honest and rational in matter
as its manner is simple, lucid, and straightforward.
As far as our judgment will enable us to arrive at
any definite conclusion, it certainly appears to us that
the object of the Message is in this initial effort, fully
and boldly realised. What is that object? Plainly
this—to lay before the National Legislature annually
an account of the actual position of the country, an ac-
count of its position internally and externally, of its
agricultural position, of its financial position, of its
administrative position, of its position in regard to
the encouragement of education, the repression of
crime, the development of legislative improvements,
the extension of commerce, and the stabilitation of
the existing institutions, of its position as to its naval
and military resources, and of its position as to its
foreign relations. Now this is precisely the sub-
stance of the Message just issued by the President
Lours NAroLtore from his palace of the Elysee
National. That Message, as far as we can compre-
hend a series of very comprehensible statements, is
an exact and careful delineation of the situation of
France in all these particulars. It presents
a vivid picture of the state of the country both abroad
and at borne ; a narrative of the immense dangers
and difficulties which have been surmounted, and a
judicious warning as to those other dangers and diffi-
culties which yet remain to be overcome. Beyond
this, the First Message of the First PRESIDENT of
the French Republic is prefaced by a reiteration of
the guarantees already given by him of the truth of
his patriotism, and of the sincerity of his adhesion to
the cause of Democracy. In this renewed declara-
tion of his loyalty to the popular ambition, the
Prince-PRESIDENT again proclaims his resolve—
" To defend society, audaciously attacked ;
" To strengthen a Republic, prudent, great, and
honest ;
-• •
- -

" To protect family ties, religion, property ;
" To cause all possible ameliorations and economy ;
" To protect the press against arbitrary power and
license ;
" To diminish the abuses of centralization ;
6".r0 efface the traces of our civil discords ;
" Finally, to adopt abroad a policy without arrogance
and without weakness."

That is tha formula of his religion of govern-
ment. That is the profession of his political faith.
Those are the axioms embodying the principles upon
which a BONAPARTE determines to realise that
Democratic Liberty which the BONAPARTE defended
under the armour of Imperial despotism.

That the French PRESIDENT dilates at such
length upon the financial embarrassments of the
country is only an additional testimony that he has
read the history of that country correctly. He has
seen that the cause of her successive Revolutions has
been the financial involvement of France, a financial
involvement tottering down at intervals to the brink
of national bankruptcy. From the time when the
portfolio of finance was intrusted successively to
TURGOT, to CALONNIS, and to NncKER, down to its
passage through the hands of GARNIER PAGES, of
GOUDCHAUX, and of PASSY, deficit—deficit—deficit--
has been the difficulty of France. Hence
the PRESIDENT insists so pertinaciously and ear-
nestly that the conquest of that paramount difficulty
must be the first and foremost of all the achieve-
ments of the Republican Government. Of the
Republican Government ! Let it be remembered
when that difficulty shall at length be overcome—
which with GoD's blessing it will !—let it not be
forgotten then that while the Republican Govern-
ment shall have cut down and uprooted the Upas of
France, that Upas grew up from a seedling to a vast
and umbrageous magnitude, shedding around its
deadly and poisonous influence under the
evil reign of Royalty ! History proclaims
this as plainly as she proclaims that under
the glorious sway of the Emperor NAPOLEON,
in spite of the enormous expenditure required in
the prosecution of his wars with all the nations of
Europe, France was for twelve years in a more
flourishing condition than she has been in
for centuries. And yet while this legacy
of debt to France from Royalty is
notorious to every man in Christendom,
the reactionists attribute as a crime to the last Revo-
lution that it entailed an expenditure of 10,600,000/.
As well might we charge the statesmen of February
with the bloody civil battle in June, that diabolical
insurrection of anarchists to whom we might have
cried out, in the language of HORACE,
Quo, quo selesti ruitis? aut cur dcxteris
Aptantur enses conditi?"
Both the blood and the increase of debt which have
followed the days of February, falling like coals of
inextinguishable fire upon the bead of the das-
tard exile at Claremont ! No ; if the Re-
public of France is to attain a state of pros-
perity it will be in spite of the tremendous in-
cubus in the shape of deficit bequeathed to her by
Royalty. This is felt, and felt acutely by the First
PRESIDENT of the Republic ; and it is in consequence
of this that his inaugurative Message is little else than
an argument addressed to the national representatives
in favour of some grand financial innovations.

I RETURN OF TEE COURT FRlOblUert7 palaNcDcoSmOßCniAeSd yTLbE.
—Her Majesty and Prince Albert,
their illustrious children, and attended by their suite,
arrived at Buckingham Palace this afternoon, from
Windsor Castle. The Royal cortege consisted of five
carriages, and was escorted from the Paddington
terminus by a party of the 11th Hussars. Her Ma-
jesty will hold a Chapter of the Order of the Bath on
Monday next, at which it is expected Sir George
Grey, Sir Charles Hotham, and other Knights, will
be invested with the Order.

MANSION-HOUSE, JUNE 7.—The Lord Mayor begs
to announce that, iu consequence of her Majesty's ball
en Wednesday next, the dinner which was to have taken
place on that day in the Egyptian-hall is postponed
until Saturday, the 23d inst.
The Drury-lane Theatrical Fund will celebrate its
anniversary festival on Monday next, at Freemasons'
Great Queen-street, on which occasion his Royal
Highness the Duke of Cambridge, wi h his accustomed
iinevelence, will take the chair, supported on either
hand by the Duke of Beaufort, the Marquis of Clan-
ricerde, and a host of influential vice-presidents. The
musical arrangements, under the direction of Mr. Stern-
dale Bennett, are of the most extensive kind, and will
be contributed to by the following distinguished art;stes,
who have kindly volunteered their services:—Herr Karl
Formes, Herr Pischek, klerr Human Muller, Herr
Bahrtd, Mi ssrs. L flier, Charles Braham, and G. Genge,
Madame Marlow, Mdlle. E. Walter, the Misses Wil-
liams, Miss E. Nelson, Miss P. Horton, Miss Lucombe,
and Miss Poole. A solo on the concertina will be per-
formed by Mr. Sedgwick.
DISTRESS IN IRELAND.—Yesterday was published
a series of iurther papers relative to the aid afforded to
the distressed unions in the west of Ireland, in continua-
tion of the papers presented on the Bth of May last.
These papers occupy a apace of 50 pages.

THE FRENCH REPUBLIC.

We have received the Paris papers of yesterday.
The Message of the PRESIDENT 13 of course corn.
mented on in all of them, but is approved of by none
save and except the Debuts and the Constitutionnel,
the former of which announces that it was M. Louis
BONAPARTE himself who wrote this official docu-
ment.

The National is as might have been expected
greatly displeased with the Message. It says—
" We expected little from the Message; and what have
we found in it? Absolutely nothing. It is an ill-ar-
ranges, vague, acd confused production, in which the
most important questions are carefully glossed over; it
speaks at length on what every one know s, and is silent
on those subjects on which every one was desirous that
it should speak. It is a retrospective junction of shreds
taken from the Moniteur as to the state of the customs
and other statistics, and very clumsily sewn together,
unus et alter assuitur pannus. Not one original idea,
without ensemble, and without any plan for the future.
Of great problems of government at home, what does it
contain? Nothing. Of action abroad? Nothing, ex-
cept a few ambitious and empty words. In fact,
it contains nothing, or next to nothing, re-
lative to Italy, Germany, Hungary, the Dunubian
provinces; nothing of our alliances; nothing of the
conduct which we are to observe :towards other
powers. A speech from the throne could not have been
better arranged. Of all the reforms to be realised at
home, nothing is said more than was done under the
last regime. In a word it is a programme of weakness,
and a programme of weakness is a prelude to revolu-
tion."

The Presse considers the Message as a very milk-
and-water affair, and accuses the PRESIDENT of
having abandoned his old principles, and the Credit
and the Siecle, the two journals which are generally
considered to be under the control of M. DUFAURE,
are even more severe upon the PRESIDENT than is the
National itself. The Credit, in allusion to the
language of the Message on the subject of Rome,
which it stigmatises as wilfully ambiguous, and to
the rumours which were yesterday rife in Paris,
that the PRESIDENT, acting under the influence of
M. DE FALLOUX, had given orders to OUDINOT to
attack Rome at once in violation of the armistice,
says—
"We broadly affirm that the Minister, or that the
Cabinet who would give such an order without consult
ing the Assembly, and who would dare to compromise
the honour, the fortune, and the blood of France with-
out the authorisation of the representatives of the
people—who should rashly excite the passions of the
country and of Europe, and light the flame of civil
and foreign war, we declare that a Minister, or a Cabi-
net, so imprudent, so audacious, and so false would de-
serve to be at once impeached and tried with the utmost
severity."
The Message as published in the iiloniteur differs
from that published in the other papers in a most
essential point. In speaking of the resistance offered
to General OUDINOT by the Romans, the Message as
published in the Moniteur says—" This unexpected
struggle, without making any change in the final
aim of our enterprise, has paralysed our beneficent
intentions, and rendered abortive the efforts of our
negotiations." The message as published in the other
journals, has, after the words " beneficent intentions,"
the following passage : —l° Completely altered the
state of the question, so that now it is only in Rome
that it can be resolved in a manner consistent with
the honour of France." This latter version was
the one originally laid on the table of the
Assembly, but the PRESIDENT subsequently altered it
as it appeared to explain somewhat tco clearly his in-
tentions with regard to Rome. The interpellations
which were to have been addressed to the Government
on Thursday on the subject of foreign affairs, have
been postponed to Monday, in consequence of the
illness of M. LEDRU ROLLIN. It was said that the
Government had yesterday received a telegraphic
dispatch, announcing that General OUDINOT had
commenced his attack on Rome on the 2d, and that
at the time the dispatch was sent off he was in pos-
session of the whole Trasteven quarter of the city,
including the Vatican and St. Peter's, and
that he was negotiating with the Consti-
tuent Assembly for the surrender of the
remaining portions of the city. The French admit
that they lost 150 men killed in this attack, which it
appears was commenced by General OUDINOT, in di-
rect violation of the treaty entered into by M. LES-
SEPS with the Roman Republic, which, it will be seen,
was in direct uniformity with the resolution of the
7th May of the National Assembly.
The following is a copy of the treaty signed by M.
de LESSEPS, and repudiated by General OUDINOT :
" Art. 1. The support of France is insured to the po-
pulation of the Roman States; they consider the French
army as a friendly army which comes to assist in the
defence of their territory.
" Art. 2. In accordance with the Roman Government,
and without mixing in the administration of the country,
the French army will take its exterior cantonments
which are convenient, at the same time, for the defence
of the country, and for the salubrity of the troops.
" Art. 3. The French Republic guarantees against all
foreign invasion the territory occupied by its troops.
" Art. 4. It is understood that the present arrango-
meat must be submitted to the ratification of the French
Republic.
Art. 5. In-any case, the effects of this treaty cannot
cease till 15 days after the official communication of the
non. ratification.

" Done in double at Rome, and at the head-quarters
of the French army, the 31st of May, eight P.M.
(Signed) " C. AIuaELLINI.
A. ►SAFFI.
G. MAZZINI.
" Ferdinand de L2sseps, the Minister Plenipotentiary
of the French Republic in Mission."
General OUDINOT addressed the following letter to
the Triumvirs :
" Messieurs le Triumvirs,—l have the honour of
making known to you that I accepted for my part the
ultimatum which was transmitted to you on the 29th of
this month by M. de Lesseps.

To my great astonishment, M. Lesseps brings me,
on his return from Rome, a sort of Convention in com.
plete opposition with the spirit and base of the ultimatum.
I am convinced that in signing it, M. de Lesseps has ex-
ceeded his powers.
" The instructions I have received formally interdict
me from associating myself with this last act. I con-
sider it as non avenue ; and it is my duty to declare this
to you without delay.
" OUDINOT DE REGGIO, the General Commanding-
in-Chief the Expeditionary Corps of the Mediter-
ranean."
The General, at the same time, sent the following
letter to M. LESSEPS

" Monsieur le Ministre Plenipotentiaire —You have,
since the 17th of this month, paralysed all the move-
ments of the corps under my command.
"You demanded of me that the truce, promised ver-
bally by you to the Roman troops, should be extended
until an answer had been received to the dispatches you
had forwarded to our Government. Although I consi-
dered such a delay as very prejudicial to my military
operations, I nevertheless consented, in order to avoid
the appearance of any difference of opinion existing be-
tween us. Since that period the Roman troops have been
moving about wherever they thought it their interest so
to do. I have, on the contrary, confined my operations
within the part of the country having Civita Vecchia as
its basis. You, on the 29th, proposed an ultimatum, the
terms of which I accepted, although certain of its stipu-
lations did not give me entire satisfaction._
. .

"During the day you wrote me from Rome, that in
every probability that ultimatum would be accepted
that very evening ; and that, contrary to what I ex-
pected, you had signed conventions with the Roman
Republic to which you hoped I would also affix my
signature.
" These conventions are in formal opposition to the
instructions which I have received. I also believe them
to be contrary to the wishes of my Government ; I ?IA
only shall not give my assent to them, but I shall regard
them as null and void, and I have declared as much to
the Roman authorities. When the Government has sig-
nified its reply to the dispatches forwarded to it I shall
scrupulously obey its instructions ; but in the mean time
I regret to say that it will be impossible for me to act
any more in concert with you.
(Signed) " OUDINOT."
M. DL LESSEPS is so disgusted with the manner in
which he has been bamboozled by the French Cabinet
in this affair, that he has retired altogether from
diplomatic life. _ _ _

ieeAgleariushiaul
eßxUtrGe EmA
eU D d ah n ags e
r. had a relapse of cholera, and
The following notice from the Board of Health at
" Since the sudden.
the Prefecture of Police has been posted up :
tch, eonseehqouleenricco
intensity.reco
has resumed a neewunc,which was
eopfidthe reigning has not the gravity matlildance of
the unusual heats
. e
to
itsebnysibthlye
public. In
there increase,
are however,hygienic
shich ought to be re-
gularly precautions
followed. already I ,
cannot gmnmi negnbdheererdta,htw:
often repeated that,
would be be impru-
dent n
der
rgarnega
et majoritymen t oof the
o f
bceawseesist,hwebeoifboeirta is preceded by
,pbhuytsician
to neglect, and for which the advicew
should be immediately taken. At all times, more
particularly in times of epidemy, all should lire
soberly,
avoiding excesses of every kind. During the great heats,
people are too generally induced to make an abuse of cold
and refreshing drinks. Great moderation and precaution
should ulso be observed in the use of exciting or alco-
holic liquors. In some arrondissements the epidemy
has become sufficiently intense for the administration to
think it its duty to open several dispensaries which had
not before been brought into activity, although organised.
This measure, purely of precaution, will immediately
afford the population all the medical aid that Can be re-
quired.
" Ads, June 6." " The Prefect of Police, REBILLOT.
We read in the Union illedicale of yesterday :--
" May cold Laths be taken during the cholera? Such
is the question which should be (Lily addressed to our
brothers of the faculty, and which hes frequently been
addressed to us during the last few days. We shall say
only that cold baths are not forbidden; but we know
that several of our brethren, whose opinion is of autho-
rity, participate in our view of this matter, and do not
hesitate, not only not to prevent the use of bathing in
the river, but even prescribe it as a preservative. We
know that, under the advice of the medical officers;
several regiments quartered in Peri.; take river baths,
and that the use of this means has been found worthy of
approval.Thecholera is making fearful progress in Paris.