The Sun.
London, England, 1822-04-27 00:00:00

mediation of England and Attstria, have been en-
tirely dispelled. We were prepared to expectl
from the earnest desire of 'the Edropean Powers
to maintain peace that every effort would be
made by the• Mediating Parties to avert the evils
of war, and obtain-a re-consideration of the deter-
mination of the. Divan, but ,we are not at all sur-
.
priied at the unsuccessful result'; for there-is no
instance in the Ottoman history •of the SULTAN
having been prevailed upon by negociation to re-
voke a solemn decision taken by the Divan.—
Until the blow is struck every. Diplomatic en.
gine will be employed to bring about this result,
but all in Vain. The critical moment is-at hand
=the preparations.of both parties are completed
—and numerous armies await only the signal to
commence the wink of ctirnage and devdstation.
We see on one side troops accustomed to war,
skilful in the art of military maneuvres, and
commanded by experienced Chiefs,—on the other,
undisciplined masses, but courageous soldiers,
hiflained by fanaticism, and regardless of danger.
The shock will be terrible : and, whatever the
issue may be, disasters, without number must
afflict "humanity.

- The Austrian Observer of the' 13th again
contradicts the articles contained in the Augsburg
Gazette and other foreign Journals, and the news
they give on the faith of letters from Constanti-
nople, Odessa, and Seralin. " Can it be sup-
posed,"• it says, " that the Ministers of the
European powers to the Porte would neglect their
their duty so far as not, to give any advice of
the facts mentioned in these letters, such, for
instance, as the anathema pronounced by the
Mufti against all Christians, the preparations
made for leaving Pera, the massacre of the Chris-
tians in the streets of Constantinople, the capture
of Russian ships, and the assassination of the Aga
of the Janissaries. Besides) adds this Journal)
as we know positively that no French, Aus-
trian, Prussian, or English dispatch makes
any, mention of these events, we do not hesi-
tate to declare them utterly 'false." We are
glad to perceive that the' Austrian Observer
has in his second article enumerated those parts
of the intelligence circulated 'during the last
three weeks ou the affairs the East, which
are not deserving of credit; and our opinion of
yesterday is in consequence fully confirmed, that
the material points of those reports are substantial.
ly correct. The AustrianObserverdoes not attempt
to deny, like his brother journalist at Berlin,
the rejection of the Ultimatum, and is quite sitent
respecting the notes which were subsequently
transmitted to the REIS EFFENDI by the Ambas-
sadors of the Mediating Powers, and the answer
of the REIS EFFENDI, stating that the Turkish
Government was determined to adhere to its note
of the 28th of February. We are therefore war-
ranted in concluding, though' we do not require
the authority of the Austrian Observer, as we
have implicit reliance on the atithenticity of our
sources of information, that the accounts we have
published on these points, Other, taken from the
French Journals, or derived through private
channels froth abroad, do not admit of contra..
diction.

Quebec Papers have arrived this morning to
the 13th March.

[From the Quebec Paper of the 12th March.]
There are now building in this port six square-rigged ves-
sels, amounting to about 1600 tons of shipping. The men
employed for that purpose exceed 140, and th wages given
range between 3s. 6d. and 4s. 6d. per day.. This employment
for unsettled labourers, almost the only one, except that given
at the King's works, has afforded substantial relief to many
poor families. It is no doubt in the power of persons having
capital to employ it during our severe _winter, and when labour
is so scarce, both with advantage to themselves and to the labour-
ing classes, who are in many instances reduced to absolute
want, and who, notwithstanding what is daily said to the con-
trary, are in general very unwillingly forced to appeal to the
public kindness.

The Aurora of the 25th 'of -March contains the
following remarks on the Documents lately com-
municated to the Congress

In relation to the transactions in Lima, the official accounts
go farther than we have done in relation-to the conduct of Ge-
nerg San Martin and Lord Cochrane; both of whom the Official
Dispatches hold forth in a point of. -view that is odious, though
there are some points which are not yet- sufficiently elucidated
to. found a positive judgment upon.—Perhaps it may not be
amiss to refer to the transaction thrown upon Admiral Coch-
rane, for example—he was ordered by St. Martin to strike the
flag of Chili, under which he was commissioned, and to hoist the
flag of Peru, the Cross and the Sun. Cochran e absolutely- refused,
arid `returned to Chili, and after making 'ilia report, sailed in
pursuit of some Royal vessels. It is stated by the way of
Mexico, that Lord Cochrane has signified his intention to re-
tire and to return to Europe, and that Commodore Blancow is
to take the command. Commodore Blancow is a near relation
to Col. Cortes, lately arrived from Mexico on a mission to the
United States, and the Ambassador of whom he is the pre-
cursor, is also a family connexion, that is 11. Elizalda."

Letters have been received from Major DEN-
HAM, who commands the expedition into the interior of Africa;
.dated from Tripoli m the West, where they had arrived in
November last. A salute was fired from the batteries on their
landing, and the best understanding prevails between the
Bashaw and Colonel WAnnntoTort, 'the British Consul,
and the travellers ; and his Highness has expressed his readi-
ness to afford them all the assistance and piotection in his power,
in order to convince the King of England of his sincerity. It
was proposed that the Expedition should depart for Fezzan in
February last, and a competent escort was provided by his
Highness to convey them considerably beyond Bornou, at which
place the learned Professor Dr. On DENAY is to remain as
British Vice-Consul. They were'all in high health and spirits,
and entertained toe most sanguine hopes of at least going far
beyond any former traveller in that direction.

IRELAND.—The Limerick Telegraph states
that in the course of a few days previous to its
publication, upwards of one hundred and forty
guns, pistols, swords, and bayonets, chiefly in
good order, had been surrendered by the. pea-
santry. The arms.wre delivqred up to Captain
MINT, B. PLUMMER) E. EvArts) S. HARDING,

and J.- CltrAoE, Esigise-- The parties • who sur-
rendered them promised to bring 'in more ; and
are using their influence with their laWless com-
panions to induce- them to return to submission.
T,hirty-eight stand of arms have also been given
up to the .Reverend Mr. O'Bittmsr, P.P. of Ne*-
market, County of Corki .This is' so-far well ;
-and in the first decisive symptoar.of: returning
tranquillity.. The .convictions,--toa, before the
Special Commission, at the. Assizes, and--under
the Insurrection Act, .have -freed the country of
great numbers of the most desperate of the in-
surgents ; so that, though outrages and robberies
still continue, we are of opinion that the pes-
tilent spirit of-the insurrection has lost much of
its virulence, and that the application of judi-
cious measures for the employment and mainte-
nance of the population will subdue it alto-
gether.-• Amongst the recent arrests, we rejoice
to observe that of twenty-seven men charged with
having been engaged in the 'desperate conflict
and murder of the Police at •Cliurchtown. They
were apprehended' upon the information of an
approver, and have been brought into Cork by
i -party of the 84th Regiment and sixteen of the
Mallow Yeomanry. -
• - But ' the pleasure which arises from the
prospect bf re-established order is dissipated
when we turn' our attention to the miserable
condition in which the Poor of Ireland are
now placed. The Cork' papers state that
the dreadful- effects of a scarcity -of food are
becoming every day more apparent. A Gal-
way paper says that several persons have
already perished • from famine in the neigh-
bourhood of Killydesart,—that the streets of
Ennis are lined with labourers and- trades-
people,' who stand leaning against the houses,
their arms folded, and despair in their coun-
tenances. , Many of 'them, on being questioned,
say_ that they have from one to six acres of
land ; but their potatoes having failed, they,
have neither.: present., food, nor seed- for the
next season; and have, therefore, left their
land waste, and become, with' their fami-
lies, wanderers through the country.—lii the
county of Clare,. generally, as will be sedn
from the following official statement, the evil has
grown to the, most frightful extent. Cattle al-
teddy-perishing from want, and the supply of
pota toes and other food so deficient, Mato hundred
and fifty thousand human beings must, unless
means of relief are instantly adopted, be inevi-
tably destroyed by the same terrible calamity !
- • • Ennis, April 11, 1822.
Snt—lire, the resident Magistrates and Gentlemen of the
County of Clare, feel it our duty, in discharging the full weight
of responsibility which this calamitous season imposes upon us,
to address you on the state in which the peasantry of this county
are now placed.
The failure of the potatoe crop has been so extensive that 'we
cannot calculate the proportion of our population of 200,000,
who will he without food for the three months preceding the
coming in of the new crops, at less than three-fourths of the
whole.

The oat and hay crops have likewise failed to such an extent
that many of the cattle and horses of the country have already
died.

From the want of a sufficient quantity of seed, a large por-
tion of the land must remain unsown, and we greatly fear that,
if some efforts are not speedily made, the scarcity will extend
into a second and even a. third year.
Under these circumstances, we conctivelie impeiatively ne-
cessary that some assistance should be given to the lower or-
ders, to enable us to avoid the evils of absolute starvation, with
its eeoally destructive consequences--rapine and disease.
'Hitherto their conduct has been .peaceable and submissive,
and will, we trust, continue so, if effectual, measures are taken
for their immediate relief.

We now earnestly appeal to yoU, who aye Interested in the
country and its inhabit Ants, to come forwaid at this awful
crisis, and assist us with liberality.
• We have the honour to be,
Your obedient humble servants,
EDWARD O'BRIEN, Chairman.
This is
ia state of things- which requires not
only prompt relief for the present, but the appli-
cation of such wise and judicious measures as
shall prevent its recurrence. There is one indi-
vidual, whose plans are calculated, in the judg-
ment of many persons, to effect so great and de-
sirable an object. "We allude to Mr. OWEN, of
New Lanark. Several of the Morning Papers of
this day state, that • this eminent philanthropist
is ,preparing, " with the•- concurrence of all
parties, practical measures for, the-relief of the
Irish peasantry, and of the poor of this coun-
try,' and that he expects soon to have them
ready to submit to GoVernment." We know
not on what authority this statement is put forth ;
but we indulge a hope that it is well founded,
obvious as it is that something should be immedi-
ately done,—that no other practicable measures
have yet been devised,—and that in the estima-
tion of •not a few persons well qualified to form
a correct opinion on the question, the plan of Mr.
OWEN is deserving of a fair trial.

CITY, FRIDAY EVENINI.
At the Stock Exchange no great deal of business .has been
done. Consols for the account opened at 78i, j, and closed at
783, being an improvenient of a quarter per cent. occasioned
entirely by the operations in the market, for report added
nothing to the information received yesterday respecting politi-
cal affairs. The received opinion in the City on the state of
affairs betwixt Russia and Turkey is, that the former power
has attempted to impose certain terms on the latter, as the only
means of maintaining peace betwhit the two Empires. Turkey
has rejected these terms, at the sanic time stating, that she will
not commence war, but that she will defend herself if attacked.
,The vorld`must now, therefore, wait for the decision of the
Emperor ALEXANDER, as he has the option given him by the
Divan, of either commencing :hostilities, according to his
threats, or of retracting his policy towards Turkey, abandon-
ing the Greeks, and of accepting, instead of dictating, terms of
amity. People capable of reflection -can have little difficulty
in forming an opinion of the result:; for however much
the Emperor may be enamoured of the Holy Alliance, it is
not very probable that he will abandon the favourite project
of Russia for years, and allow the world to say of him that he
attempted to obtain by menace what he was obliged by the Eng-
lish Government to abandon ; he either had not the spirit to
attempt to gain his purpose by arms, or distrusted his own
power. If his resolution tend to civilise that finest portion of
the earth, it will be the brightest laurel in his crown, and his
memory will obtain the gratitude of ages.—Very little business
has been done in foreign stock. The French Fives are no-
minally quoted at 87f. 50c., being 1 per cent. above yester.
day's price. Prussian bonds continue at 85. Columbian old
bonds are 108 A, and the new Sixes 85. The Spanish old bonds
were done as 'low as 641, but they closed at 651, and the new
at 65i. No provision is made for payment of the dividends
on the old in this country, which causes them to be much less
valuable than the new. Danish Fives still continue at 85, and
the Neapolitan at 681. The change of the Finance Minister at
Naples has added considerably to the confidence of the holders
of this latter security. Russian Sixes have been done at 82;
and the metallic Fives at 76i. The Austrian metallic Fives be-
ing 741. American Sixes of 1013 are worth 961, and 1815 101 a
1011.—There are few arrivals of grain this morning. Wheat of
fine quality continues in demand, and fully supports the late ad-
vanced prices. Oats are also free sale, and quite as dear: Barley
is dull, and not the least improvement has yet taken place in
its value. Lord Londonderry's motion respecting the Corn
Trade has attracted so little attention on the Corn Exchange,
that it was , not known there that its discussion had been
postponed from this evening until Monday next., So many
wise but impracticable plans of relief have already ema-
nated from the same source, . that-the only.. curiosity now
expressed is to hear what farther an inventive genius can