The Sun.
London, England, 1831-01-29 00:00:00

RUSSIA.

(From the Morning Chronicle Private Correspondent.)
ST. PLTERSBURGH, JAN. 9.—An opportunity pre-
serving itself of sending you a short bulletin, I avail my-
self of the circumstance. lam disposed to believe that
the Government of France has required some explanations
from the Emperor as to his intentions with respect to
Poland. The Emperor is said to have declared yesterday,
that unless the submission of the Poles should be uncon-
ditional before the Ist of March, he would cal ry on a war
of extermination ; and that he would show to Foreign
Powers that he would not yield to the spirit of revolution.
Notwithstaaing. I am still of opinion that the Emperor,
though he said this, did not mean this. The Polish Ea-
voys are still here. Wylezyn-ki has returned to his
country. The Emperor is making large preparations for
was, and though we are in the midst of winter, it is arid
that two hundred thousand troops are on the road. You
will tell me, perhaps, that this does not look like peace.
I do not say that it does ; but I do say that the Emperor
will pause before lie will attempt the conquest of Poland
by force. These military preparations have some of them
been long since ordered. Some were ordered when the
Belgian revolution raged. Some were ordered when a
movement in Poland was apprehended ; and some were
ordered when the Pelish revolution broke out. If, how-
ever, the French Government should make any threats,
or assist the Poles, I am convinced the Emperor would
prefer a general war to submission. A French Ambas-
sador has not vet arrived. Are we to have Mortemart
soon or when? I learn he is on the road, at least it is
said so. It would be impossible to send a more acceptable
man to the Emperor than the Duke. He was always a
favourite, and besides, it would give an idea at the Russian
Court that. the revolution in France was ony a change of
Dynas,y—a sort of " Nicholas and Constantine Russian re-
volution," if the same Ambassador should return here as re-
presented Charles X. This the Emperor would much
like. I have only to add, that all is peaceable here; and,
perhaps I may say, the war against Poland is not unpopular.
Unhappy men ! If force should oppose force, it will be
truly a war of exterminwicn.

LITERATURE.

EDINBURGH REVIEW, No. CIV. LONDON, 1831

The opening article in the present number—
which, by the bye, is in every respect a superior
one—is on the very important question of the
East India Company's Charter—a question
which it is hopeless to see settled in a satisfactory
manner, until a thorough Reform has taken
place in the House of Commons. The Reviewer
is evidently long and practically acquainted with
his subject. He wastes little time in declama-
tion, but carries his point by those most con-
vincing of all arguments—facts. He sets out
with the assertion that " to justify their mono-
poly, the East India Company must not merely
show that they have conducted the trade to
China on fair and liberal principles, but that it
is not one that could be carried on to the same
extent, or the same advantage to the public, by
other adventurers. If they fail to establish both
these points, the policy of throwing the trade
open will be no longer doubtful." Taking these
assertions as his text, the Reviewer proceeds to
comment on them in a plain straight-forward
style, and proves with mathematical precision
in a way that must be unanswerable by all save
the obtuse—the prejudiced and the self-interested,
that the monopoly claimed by the East India
Company is ruinous to the energies of commerce,
and destructive to the best interests of Great
Britain. And this, we repeat, he proves, not
by declamation, but by common sense—not by
empty assertions, but by stubborn facts. We
hope this elaborate essay will be generally read ;
its spirit is admirable, temperate but forcible,
and appealing only to the reason of the com-
munity. " Bowring's Poetical Translations" is
a laudatory notice of the Batavian, Russian, and
Hungarian translations of this elegant and in-
defatigable polyglott. " Spirit of Society in
England and France" enters into a shrewd
' analysis of the nature of fashionable society in
the metropolis. Its hollowness, its caprice, its
assumption, and worse, far worse, than all, its
utter irreclaimable stupidity, is dwelt on at some
length, and with infinite spirit ; nor is the servile,
crawling adulation paid by all classes to men of
wealth, as if they were demi-gods, and as if to
be a rich was to be a wise and an honest man,
alluded to with less ceremony. This able
article, in its tone of thought and feeling re-
minds us of some of the happiest and most caustic
in time Westminster Review. "Novels Descriptive
of Irish Life" canvasses the literary claims of
Messrs. Banim, Crowe, and Griffin, the popu-
lar authors of the O'Hara Tales, " To-day in
Ireland," and the " Collegians." The article is
penned in a fair and impartial spirit. " Life and
Opinions of Bishop Heber" is also an able
paper, though we cannot but think, as Horne
observed ofJunius, that materiem superat opus.
The public ban by this time had quite enough
of Heber, though a devout, accomplished scho-
lar and gentleman, the Bishop of Calcutta does
not rank among our foremost names either in divi-
nity or the Belles Lettres. As a theological scholar,
he was far from possessing the commanding ta-
lents of a Warburton, a Horsley, a Paley, or
a Watson ; as a poet he was elegant and correct,
though neither original, sublime, nor impas-
sioned ; as a classic lie As accomplished cer-
tainly, but not to the extent of a Porson, or a
Burney, or even a Parr ; he was in fact a little
of everything, and if he reach posterity, it will
be as an amiable man, not as a commanding
genius. For his kind and social virtues, his un-
affected piety, fervid, but not hypocritical, he
deserves to be held in remembrance, when
his works (the best by far is his Indian Journal)
are wholly forgotten. " The Late and the
Present Ministry" enters at some length into the
cause that occasioned the overthrow of the late
cluster of Ministerial incapables, and canvasses
the claims of the present Government to the
confidence of the country, in a spirit of laudable
impartiality,

THE MARKETS.--(THIS DAY.)

COVENT-GAR:

There was a good supply at
trade was dull, at little if any
day se'nnight.

DEN MARKET.
this morning's market, but the
variation from the prim of this

sd. s. d. sd. s.d
Potatoes (cwt.) 3 0 to 6 0 Spinage (half-sieve) ... 0 6 too 9
Ca'..bages (12 heads) 0 9 2 0 Apples 4 0 8 0
Ditto Red 1 3 2 6 t'vars 3 0 7 0
Horse liadish(bundie) 6 0 12 0 Large Onions 3 0 st,
Celery
Tiirnips ,12 banches).. 2 0 3 I French ditto
Carrots 3 6 7 0 Spanish tlazlenuts .... 6 0 10 0
Coleworts or Greens 1 9 3 o,k reneh Walnuts....... 6 0 Blf
Leeks 1 3 1 9 Prazilian Nut 5.......... 2 0 4 0
SNlA,eiev:wiel.l(7),soag,nege(s(° 4 ))
f5l (01 , 120
00
FE'onrge.iGgnrapes (per 1b.)...
01 08
31
8 0 14 0 Sea-kail (pummet) ....
11
English Walnuts 20 3 0 Endive ..................... 3
English
(12. b.) 7 6 6 t imall Sallad ............. 0 0 4
r Apples (lb.) • •••• 701 a 0 06 21
60

HAY MA RK RTS.—(A t per Lo id 0(3,i Trusses.)
CUMREERLAND (LATE T. JAMES'S.)
Coarse heavy Lowland Meadow Hay £2 0 to .£2 5
New Meadow Hay 0 0 0 0
Useful Old Ditto ... 5
. ......... .
Fine Upland Meadow and Rye-grass Hay
4. lover Hay
Oat Straw-- XI 12 to £1 14 I Wheat st,aw 1 Ri 1 18
Supply good, trade very dulls at Thursday's prices.

LONDON,
SATURDAY EVENING, JANUARY 29, IS3I.

HiS MAJESTY Will 110:d a Council at
Brighton on Monday next, when the Sheriffs
for the ensuing year will be pricked for.

The LOAD MAYOR gives a grand dinner at
the Mansion House this evening to the Cabinet
Ministers, Judges, and other persons of dis-

tinclion.

The Lords of his MAJESTY'S Most Hon.
Privy Council held a meeting this morning at
the Council Office. Those present were—the
Marquis of LANSDOWNE, the Duke of Iticti-
MOND, the MASTER of the ROLLS, and Sir
CHRISTOPHER ROBINSON. Their Lordships
were occupied in hearing appeals of French
claimants.

German Papers, received this morning, con-
tain the following with respect to Poland and
Gottingen. We trust the Poles will not be en-
snared by hopes of moderation from NICHOLAS
—that being a game respecting which the Turks
might give them some useful advice. The Poles have
already asserted their independence—let them now
maintain it at all risks. They can but submit
when conquered—and their fate would only be
the more cruel, because their tame sub-
mission deserved it. No ! they have pro-
voked the Despot beyond forgiveness—let
them therefore spurn his mercy as they have
dared his power. In their swords is their only
liopc—and the truly noble, who burn for liberty,
will trust their freedom to no other arbiter :

CRACOW, JAN. 12.—Lieutenant-Colonel Wilozinskii
who was sent by the Dictator to tit. Petersburg)), srtivtd,
as has been before stated at Warsaw on the 7th. It seems
that his mission was not wholly unsuccessful, and that an
amicable arrangement of the matters in dispute, which
are, it is true, very complicated, is yet possible, that is to
say, if the Poles act with prudence and do not give them-
selves up to illusions, in which they would be more likely
to find destruction than independence. The Emperor
Nicholas, it is said, now has a less unfavourable opinion
of the Polish revolution; he has become convinced that,
many great abuses gave occasion to it, and will extend
forgiveness to the Poles if it is possible, without d,ro-
eating from its dignity, aril in unison with the interest of
Russia. Some intimations to this etf-ct must have beet
given to the Dictator, and the daily deliberations among
the Members of the Council of Administration are
supposed to relate principally to the consider-
ation of the means by which the Itnperial Ordi-
nances may be obeyed, without abjuring the resolution and
renouncing the advantages that the country may possibly
derive from it. This is certainly a difficult task, but it
may be hoped not impossible, if on both sides confidence
is shown, and the dictates of cool reflection attended to.
How far this is possible for a deliberative assembly, which
is under the influence of different classes of people, will
appear in a few days, when the Diet is to meet again to
rueeive important communications from the Dictator, and
to deliberate on them. Should reason prevail, the pacifi-
eation of Poland might take place speedily, and without
bloodshed. The country looks forward to happier times.
• VIENNA FUNDS.
January. Four per Cents. Bank Shares.
15 80 1,010
16 1,040
17 801,4 1,038
HANOVER, JAN. 19.—Our Journal publishes the fol-
lowing particulars relative to the troubles in Gottingen:—
"In order to secure the co-operation of the peaceable