The Sun.
London, England, 1849-06-01 00:00:00

ITALY.

Intelligence has been received from Rome to the 22,4.
The great majority of the French residing in Rome have
refused to quit the city, notwithstanding the urgent
entreaties of M. DE LESiEPS. General MezzocAPo
has been appointed to the command of the city. The
defeat of the Neapolitans by GARIBALDI was a per-
fect rout—not a Neapolitan soldier is to be found in
the territory of the Roman Republic. GARIBALDI
was slightly wounded in the battle. The head-
quarters of the Neapolitan army are now at Naples.
The very excellently beaten BOMBA is at Gaeta pour-
ing his sorrows into the bosom of the POPE.

It is said that the house of ROTHSCHILD has offered
to negotiate a loan for the King of SARDINIA to en-
able him to pay the compensation demanded by
Austria. The KING still continues dangerously ill.

MONEY and COMMERCIAL NEWS.
CITY, QUAIRTER TO THREE.
The sales of Cotton at Liverpool yesterday were
5,000 bales, including 500 American fur export. The
market had a firmer tone. The transactions were about
4,100 American, at 3•ad. to 61d., 50 Bahia at 41., and
300 Surats at 31 to 34d. In Railway Shares there
was no improvement to notice in prices, but the market
closed with a better feeling.
The Corn Market is steady. The arrivals of Foreign
Grain include 7,610 quarters of Wheat, and 28,050
quarters of Oats.
It must be gratifying after a lengthened period of trial
and misfortune, partly, no doubt, the result of error and
over sanguine anticipation, to find the prospects of the
New Zealand settlements steadily improving; and we
say this without any intention of regarding the company's
welfare as of more than secondary importance to that of
the settlers. Under a good system, however, the pros •
perity of each may go hand in hand. As the commercial
part of the question is that with which we have chiefly
to deal under this head, we extract some remarks of a
communication sent home by Mr. Fox, and dated from
Wellington. He states:—
" The labouring classes, agricultural and mechanical,
though their was a period when their prosperity was
small and their prospects bad, are now and are likely to
continue in a state which to them must be one of un-
exampled affluence. The bulk of the agricultural la-
bourers own cattle, land, and other accumulated property;
if they labour for hire they receive from three to four
shillings a day, and that in a country where the neces-
saries of life are cheap, and where having almost without
an exception land in cultivation or stock of their own,
they need seldom go to market for any thing except
clothing and imported articles, such as tea and sugar.
These men in most agricultural counties of England,
would have been receiving nine or ten shillings a
week wages, working from daylight to dark, and out
of that hard earned pittance have had to pay rents
and other outgoings. Nor would they have
possessed any means of livelihood collateral to their own
labour. Mechanics get from six to eight shillings a day,
and work only from 8 to 5. In England they would
have received from three to five shillings, and worked
from 6 to 6, besides having probably heavy rents to pay,
and living too many of them in the midst of that accu-
mulation of disease and misery, which sanitary inquiries
have of late years proved to exist in all the largo towns
of Great Britain. Ido not believe that there is a
labourer or mechanic in this settlement who, taking his
personal condition and future prospects, is not manifold
better off than the bulk of his class at home."
Again—
" Then as regards the mercantile and commercial
part of the community, their prosperity seems great also,
while shopkeepers of every class are making fortunes
hand over head.' The prosperity of these classes is evi-
denced by an almost entire absence of litigation which
usually arises, particularly incommercial communities, net
from any love for courts of law, but from the inability on
the:one hand to meet engagements, and on the other to give
time, from the anxiety to get in money on the one side
and the desire of staving off the day of payment on the
other, which are generated by straitened circumstances
and a tight' money market. But that description of
law business which indicates prosperity, conveyancing
and every thing connected with the transfer of property,
is at present, as I am informed by a practising solicitor,
very abundant, and costs are paid in cash as soon as the
business is done."
Respecting Nelson and other parts the statistical re-
port of the same officer is equally favourable.
Another meeting of importance held yesterday after-
noon was that of the Peninsular and Oriental Steam
Navigation Company, which is represented as being in
a flourishing condition, though the point of chief in-
terest to the public is, that great facilities are being
afforded by the new Viceroy, Abbas Pacha, for the
transit through Egypt. It is most gratifying to learn
also, that Government has not given up the idea of
steam communication with Australia ; that the
contract has been renewed for conveying the
India and China mails between Southampton
and Alexandria; that there is a prospect of the
steamer from Southampton to Alexandria on the 3d of
each month being re-established, and that a new steamer,
the Canton, is plying successfully between Hong-Kong,
Macao, &c., and Canton.
We have seen the various accounts brought by the
Hamburgh, Ostend, and French mails. At Paris the
Stoek-Exchange was influenced chiefly by the state
of the account, which was very Bullish, an d as
usual upon closing, the party having most to arrange is
made to suffer. At Hamburgh last Friday the money
market was very easy. Exchange on London 13 10.
The blockade of the Baltic ports was still rigorously
maintained, and from Elsinore we are advised that 300
ships were detained by contrary winds off Hornbeck.
The Frankfort Bourse on the 29th ult. was steady, and
at Amsterdam on Wednesday there was no particular
change. The Two-and-a-Half per Cents. were
484. The raising of the blockade of Palermo is the
only favourable piece of news received.
We have the following particulars of trade in the
manufacturing districts furnished in a letter from Messrs.
M'Nair, Greenhow, and Irving, of Manchester:--
" The interposition of a portion of the Whitsuntide
holidays has, as usual, contributed to lessen the amount
of the month's transactions. Inconsistent, however, as
it may appear to be with the external appearance of the
market, the fact is undeniable that a very large amount
of business in Cloth and Yarns has again been trans-
acted. We could much have liked to acccompany this in•
timation with the expression of a consciousness that all
our producers had been beneficially interested; it is,
however, we believe too true, that though the mills con-
tinue working full time, many of the spinners and =intl•
facturers are barely realising the cost of their respective
productions. This opinion applies more particularly to
the spinners of what are usually termed low numbers in
both water and mule twist, and to the manufacturers of
domestics and some other goods, which may be recog-
nised by the low prices at which they are selling, as
compared with the price of the raw material. Even in
more prosperous times certain branches will always be
found to be less remunerative than others, but in
seasons when the whole trade of the district is more or
less prejudicially affected by influences from. abroad,
and when the home trade, from its comparative prostra-
tion, can render but little aid, the injury becomes more
apparent."
Although business in the Stock Market is exceedingly
limited improved prices are realised, and, as usual on
Friday, many parties are closing their accounts. There
being a preponderance of Bears accouats for the rise,
which, unless unfavourable political events occur,
unlit go much furtner. Consols have been done
st 91i and 91i, but are now 91i I-. Bank Stock is 1941.
rxenequer-bills are 455. to 48s, premium.
In the Foreign Market very little has been done.
Mexican, ex coupons, are about 27i to 28. Spanish
Three per Cents. realise 324 to 33k. Brazilian Old
Bonds are 77i to 78. Dutch Four per Cents. are 76 to
Shares are improving, and the letter of Mr. Hudson
has caused Eastern Counties to touch 81 North-
Western are also better, and the York lines have been
well supported.

ONE CLOSING
P.ti,'Em Or BEITIBII FUNDS O'CLOCK. PRICES
eau% Stock
3 per Cent. Reduced Arms ......
per Cent. Consols Annuities 911,E%34 911,2
New 34 per Cent. Anns.... .
Long Anns. to expire Jan.lB6o -16 8%
Ditto 30 years, Jan. 5, 1860 834 8:%
India Bonds, 1,0C9/.
...

Ditto under 1,000/.. ....... 7O p 70 p
Consols for Account
ii,xchequer Bills. 1;4d..5c 2d.
1,0001. June 45 48 p
5001. Jane
Ditto Advertised 43 46 p
PRICES OF FOREIGN FUNDS ONE
O'CLOCK.

48 p
45 p
46 p
CLOSING
'EWES.
Austrian, 5 per Cent •••• 70
Brazilian Bonds
Ditto, New, 1829 and 1839
Ditto, New, 1813 71% x d 71% x d
Chilian Bonds 6 per Cent .••..... 92
Ditto, 3 per Cent
Granada Bonds, 1 per Cent
Ditto Deferred
Mexican. 5 per Cent. 1846, with Coupons
Ditto, Ex Coupons
Ditto, Account
Russian Bonds

3%

2776
103

SpaniTh 5 per Cent. 1840.
Ditto, Account . l7l/ 17
Ditto 3 Der Cent 334 323% 33% 33%
Dividends on the above payable in London.
Dutch 2% per Cent., 12 Guild —
Ditto, 4 per Cent. Certificates 76 67% 764
PRICES OF PAID. BUSINESS DONE CLOSING
RAILWAY SHARES. AT ONE O'CLOCK. PRICES.
Aberdeen 5O
Do. Preference
Amber. Nott., Boston,
and Eastern Junction 6 ...... Ayrshire and Galloway.. 714 —
—.
Belfast & County Down 20% —,
Berks & Hants Extens.
(Gt. West. Per. 5 per ct.) 5
***** .... ••••• • Birmingham and Ox-
ford Junct., calls duly
paid, or with a guaran. 20
Do, withoutguarantee 20 . ...
Birming, Wolvorh'ton,
and Dudley, calls duly
pd, or with guarantee 10 .....
Do. without guarantee 10
Birm;ng.,Wolverh'pton,
and Stour Valley 131. 145...
Birkenhead, Lancashire,
and Cheshire June.... 10
Boston, Stamfd &IBirm. 5
Bristol and Exeter...... 90 ...,.. 62 621% 614 621,E
Ditto, Thirds ... ...... 27% IBM 18 ... 18
Buckinghamshire ... 161. 48.
..... dis .„„.... —dis
Caledonian ...... .
Do. Quarters ......... 12% — ...... .........
Do. New 10/. Pref..... 10 ..., —
Ditto,ClydesdaleJunc 50
Chester and Holyhead... 50
Ditto, Preference...... 15
Clarence ................. . 781,4. —..

10%