The Sun.
London, England, 1849-07-19 00:00:00

TgrlN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, JULY 19, 1849

THE ROYAL AGRICULTURAL
SOCIETY OF ENGLAND.
Nonwecer. JULY 18.-This morning as early as eight
o'clock the implement-yard was thrown open to the
public fur inspection, and immediately became the con're
of attraction to the vast body of farmers and agricultu-
rists now assembled in Norwich. The weather, after
several three.; ening showers during last night, proved
exceedingly propitious, and the concentration of the ex-
hibition in m two days instead of three had the effect of
stimulating curiosity to a high degree. On entering the
yard the spectacle presented there differed in no materiel
way from that of former meetings. A vast array of
implements was seen stretched upon the ground under
the long parallel sheds, all arranged in the stands of
their respective owners, and labelled with the utmost
precision. There they lay in every variety of paint that
the agricultural taste delights in, more formidable by far
in appearance than a park of artillery, and equipped, as
the uninformed spectator would imagine, to wage a re-
lentless war with mother earth. In their manufacture
iron and wood appear to be combined for the most cruel
and persecuting purposes, nor does the creation of good
out of evil scorn more wonderful than that these imple-
!runts, dreadful in name and still more terrible in aspect,
should, after all, be but the kindly ministers for de-
veloping the bounties of nature to man, and the
:gentle violence which we put upon her for her own
good and ours.
On looking at the show with a closer and more ob.
servant eye, several remarkable features detelope them-
selves, which prove that the great improvement in this
department which has gradually been taking place since
the formation of the society has not yet reached its cli-
max. In the first place, the number of contributieus has
increased, and the show has indisputably the advantage,
if such it be, of quantity. A surprising amount of im-
plements have been brought forward for exhibition, and
the whole conveys a feeling of surprised to the mind at
the immense demand which must now exist for mecha-
nical facilities in the operations of husbandry, and the
extraordinary success which has crown, d the efforts of
so many ingenious manufacturers in ministering to that
demand. It is undoubtedly most important that the qnes-
;ion between the society and the implement makers
should soon be determined, as to whether this depart-
ment of the show shall be in reality an " exposition," or
a bazaar; but one thing is quite clear, that the latter
are now a very independent b ,dy, full of all the energy
and ingenuity which constitute the life of trade,
and that it would be very difficult indeed for the
society to adopt any course which could do them a
serious or permanent injury. The second point that
must strike a visitor to the present show is the increased
practical and economic character of everything exhi-
nite,cl therein. There is an almost total abandonment of
mechanical combinations which serve admirably to illus-
trate the ingenuity of their inventors, but are little
suited to the use and purse of the farmer. The strain
of competition is thrown in the right direction. The
application of steam-power to the purposes of agricul-
ture, the improvement of the thrashing-machine, the
draining tile-machine, the drill, and the plough, the in-
troduction of the best carts, waggons, chaffcutters, and
grinding-mills-these are among the principal objects to
which not only the prizes of the society have been
Afeted, but to which the great mass of contributors
appear to have given their attention. In the portable
steam-engine department especially this was remark-
able, no less than eighteen engines being exhibited for
competition, and all of them displaying merits highly
creditable to their exhibitors. Another point which is
very observable in this show is the manner in which by
degrees each implement-maker has thrown all his ener-
gies into one department of his business, and has filled
his stand with articles which have more or less a re-
ference to a particular section in the range of agri-
cultural processes. This is the gradual approach in
a new manufacture to that division of labour on
which excellence in a great measure depends.
It is interesting in this respect to observe in the
.ociety's show yard signs that the agricultural implement
makers are moving in the right direction, and that their
employment is gradually asiarilating itself to the practice
of the other branches of our national industry. The
last observation of a general character which struck us
in our harried survey of the yard this morning was that
most of the principal prizes awarded were not for new
implements, but for skilful improvements and adapta-
tions of old ones, and in many instances for articles that
had already repeatedly won prizes from the society.
I'his is certainly by no means a discouraging sign of
progress; for, however startling novelty may be, it is by
• long, and perhaps tedious process, of judicious etneuda-
tiou that nearly all our most valuable mechanical results
nave been acquired, and the improvement of instruments
to which habit has reconciled them is tar more likely to
go down with the farming community than any new-
fangled inventions. It is also to be remembered that the
longer the manufacture of an article is continued, the
more likely is the cost of its production to be reduced,
and that the proper extension of those aids which ma-
chinery affords to the agricultural classes must neces-
sarily depend upon the price at which such aids can be
purchased. Altogether the society may be safely con-
gratulated upon the character of this department of their
great annual show; the merits of the admirable arrange-
ments observable therein rest principally with Mr.
Brandreth Gibbs. Mr. Gibbs has his exhibition of seeds
as usual, within the yard; and this part of the show
attracted considerable attention.
Turning from the character of the exhibition to the
labours of the judges and the results at which they ar-
rived, it appears acknowledged on all hands that those
gentlemen subjected the vast collection of implements
un which they were called to arbitrate to the fairest,
lullest, and strictest tests, and that their awards were
made with remarkable impartiality. Their names are-
Mr. Parsons, Mr. Curr, Mr: Lister, Mr. Taylor, Mr.
Nalder, Mr. Wallis, Mr. Shaw, Mr. Hawkins, and Mr.
Love. They were assisted by Messrs. Easton and Amos,
the consulting engineers, and have been busily engaged
since Thursday last in discharging their onerous and not
very agreeable duties.
The following is the list of prizes awarded by them:-
For the plough best adapted to heavy land, 51.-Messrs
Williams and Taylor.
For the plough best adapted to light land, 51.-Mr.
Howard.
For the plough best adapted for general purposes, 51.
-Mr. Ball.
For the best paring plough, 51.-Mr. Kilby.
For the best subsoil pulverizer, 51.-Mr. IJomins.
For the best drill for general purposes, 151.-Mr.
Hornsby.
For the best corn-drill, 101.-Messrs. Garrett.
For the best turnip-drill on the flat, 10L-Mr.
Hornsby.
For the best turnip-drill on the ridge, 101.-Messrs.
S h
FEu
oot trri ett
eeo rbt besthe.s
Garrett.
For the best drop drill, for depositing seed and ma-
th For
rhr itnthgheeos
second
ma-
nure, lin-Messrs. Garrett.
For the best manure distributer, 51.-Mr. Crosskill.
ebeston d
other pboerst
ta ditto,b
agriculturall portable steam-engine2sl.purposes,
Ai e ssr scoily applicable to
Garrett.
s.
portablegrinding thrashing;mil
mill
osrsr
81.)
horse or steam power, 251. Me machine applicable to
t
e ssrraGe,aatriinue3gt.tt.o
produceEor th into t
boesf itnleinsmeagricultural
stMoh Clayton
stast
inresd..
meal,
and corn-crusher, SL-Messrs.
Shuttle-
worth, and Co.
Ilurwood and Turner.
For the best chaff-cutter, 101.-Mr. John Cornea.
For the best turnip-cutter, 51.-Executors of the late
James Gardner.
For the best oilcake-breaker. 5/.-Mr. Nicholson.
For the best one- horse cart, 101.-Mr. Crosskill.
For the best harvest cart, 101.-Mr. Crosskill.
For the best waggon, 101-Mr. Crosskill.
For the best machine for making draining-tiles or pipes,
201.-Mr. Whitehead.
For the best set of tools for general draining, 31.-
Messrs. Al:TOO:leek and Lowe.
For the best heavy harrow, 51.-Messrs. Williams and
Taylor.
Fur the best light harrow, 51.-Messrs. Williams and
Taylor.
For the best Norwegian barrow, W.-Messrs. Stratton,
Hughes, and Co.
Fur the best scarifier, 101.-Messrs. Ransome and
May.
Fur the best cultivator or grubber, 101-Messrs. Smith
and Co. (of Stamford).
For the best horse hoe on the flat, 101.-Messrs.
Garrett.
For the best horse hose on the ridge, 51.-Mr. Busby.
For the best horse rake, 51.-Messrs. Williams and
Taylor.
For the best hand-dibbler, 31.-Dr. Newington.
For the best barrow hand-drill, to work with cups, 3/.
-Mr. Holmes.
For the best liquid manure distributor, 5/.-Messrs. R.
and J. Reeves.
For the best haymaking machine, SL-Messrs. Smith
and Co. (of Stamford).
For the best gorse bruiser, SL-Messrs. Barrett, Exall,
and Andrews.
Fur the best and most economical steaming apparatus
for general purposes, 5/.-Mr. Stanley.
The following is the description of the different imple-
ments for which prizes were awarded, in the order in
which they are given in the foregoing list:-
Stand 122, No. 11.-A patent wrought-iron plough,
with two wheels. A strong iron plough, is fitted as a
swing or wheel plough, for two, three, or four horses.
The inventor has made several improvements in this
plough-the mould-board, or furrow-turner, is new, the
bearings of which have au equal pressure from point of
share to heel of breast, which gives lightness of draught,
and also causes the furrow-slice to turn over without
breaking.
Stand 37, No. 5.-A patent iron plough, with two
wheels, with a new method of fixing them. It is suffi-
ciently strong for the general work of farms, where two
horses are only used to a plough.
Stand 98, No. 2.-An iron plough, for light land, and
constructed as light as possible, combined with strength.
It has two furrow-turners, one of sheer steel, and the
other a cast one.
Stand 86,
any depth required, No. 2.-A turf and stubble raring-ploughs
adapted fur
from 1 to 3 inches, and
14 inches wide. It lays the turf in a curl, the best pos-
sible form for drying, as a current of air passes down the
curl as through a tube, and the turf is thus very soon in
a fit state to burn. This implement may be worked with
a pair or three horses, according to the nature of the land
and the depth required.
Stand 18, No. 6.--A subsoil pulverizer, made of iron,
very light in draught, combined with great strength. It
will pulverize from 3 to 13 inches in depth below the
common furrow; will work well in all sorts of land which
cif
seaplaarl capable
eoor the depot
of
being
pu p
that ulverized
e da;
baendre
mayrequired.
bde,
worked
by
two, three, or tout horses, according to the roughness of
t las
Steed 65, No. 1-A °rill inaehine for corn and
general purposes; fitted as a ten-coulter corn, seed, and
m
anure manure drill, anti 11-coulter corn and seed drill, capable
of depositing a large.or small quantity of compost, bons,
u

guano, or any other pulverized manure in a moist or dry
state, the manure part being so arranged as to use two
depositing barrels, one much smeller than those in com-
mon use for small quantities of guano, &c., the other
the regular size for compost, &c., with stirrers in the ma-
nure part, with rotary motion, and lever to put them in or
out of action, as the drill travels. By the use of the stir-
rers, and the front of the manure box moving inward by
a lever, the whole of the manure can be delivered with-
out the assistance of a person pottering.
Stand 81, No. 10.—An 11-row lever corn drill,
adapted for drilling corn and seeds of all kinds, and is
fitted with an improved parallel swing steerage, to ena-
ble the man to guide the coulters independent of the
horses. With this steerage the coulters will remain
wherever swerved to, and are always kept a uniform
depth in the soil.
Stand 65, No. 3.—A six. row drill for turnip seed
mattgoldwurzl, and manure, the manure part being so
arranged as to use two depositing barrels, one much
smaller than those in common use for small quantities of
guano, &c., the other regular size for a larger quantity
of compost, &C., with stirrers in the manure part, with
rotary motion, and lever to put them in or out of ac-
tion as the drill travels. By the use of the stirrers, and
the front of the manure box moving inwards by a lever,
thea
of a person whole of the meanounrepcoatnturbig
be delivered without the
assistance
actioned iron levers; the manure andaissoeedv.ictohultd:rmst'alc"t
independently of each other, so that a large quantity of
coarse badly prepared compost can be deposited deep,
and cove red up, and the seed fleet immediately after, or
the manure and seed together, it required.
Stand
turnips,N o. Bm—a
nAg
)lau
patent.
r z. i
twotd
row•no t
depositing
compost, guano, or well rotted farm yard manure, en
ridge ploughed lands. It is made with improved levers,
the same as the preceding, for tter covering the ma-
nure and seed with soil. The concave rollers are
placed behind the manure coulters instead of before, as
heretofore, for the better formation of the ridge, and may
be raised out of work at the end of the field, or when
travelling on the road. The depositing coulters and
rolls are independent of each other, and adjust them-
selves as required to the irregularities of the surface.
Stand 81, No. 9.—A patent drop drilling machine for
flat and ridge work, dropping the manure at any re-
quired intervals and depth, and covering it with mould;
and dropping the seed in any minute quantities directly
over the manure, leaving a portion of mould between
them. Both manure and seed may be regulated to the
greatest nicety. It may also be converted into a good
broadcast manure-distributor by removing the levers.
Stand 26, No. 51.—A broadcast portable manure-drill,
or distributor, for sowing goo', lime, salt, ashes, guano,
&e. This drill distributes manure broadcast by means
of a fluted roller; the drill box will contain eight bushels
of portable manure, and is six feet in width; the quan-
tity is regulated by placing the drill-box in a vertical
or horizontal position, and by changing the cog wheels.
Stand 81, No. 22.—A six horse power portable steam-
engine, for driving thrashing, dressing, and grinding
machines, vegetable and chaff cutters, crushers of all
descriptions, circular saws, and all kinds of stationary
work on a farm. It is constructed with a tubular
boiler. The horizontal plates of the boiler are f in.
thick, and tube heads !?-, in.; quality, best Staffordshire
iron; diameter of cylinder, 8f in.; length of stroke,
16 in.; the crank shaft makes 100 revolutions per
minute, and is 3/ in. in diameter; made of best fagotted
wrought iron. The diameter of fly-wheel, which an-
swers for driving pulley, is six feet, and weight 6 cwt.
2 qr. 1 lb. 100 lb. of coal are requisite to get up the
steam to 40 lb per inch in an hour. and 38 lb. per hour
to keep it in full work.
Stand 5, No. 2—A seven-horse power portable steam-
engine, with improved tubular boiler; the cylinder is 8i
inches in diameter and 12 inches stroke; the crank shaft
is made of best wrought iron, 24 inches in diameter, and
makes 115 revolutions per minute; diameter of flywheel,
which serves as the driving pulley, 5 feet; weight of
ditto 5 cwt. The boiler is made of Page's best plates,
5-16ths of an inch thick, except the tube plates, which
are half an inch thick; the cylindrical part is felted and
lagged; it will occupy 40 minutes and consume 501 b. of
coal to raise steam to a pressure of 451 b. upon the square I
inch; consumption of fuel when working as a 7-horse
power is 701 b. per hour; the whole is mounted upon tour
iron wheels, and weighs 62 cwt.
Stand 81, No. 23—A bolting thrashing machine for
steam or horse power, for the purpose of thrashing grain
of all kinds perfectly clean without injury to the straw
or corn. It is constructed with an improved drum,
whereby the quantity thrashed in a given time is more
than with the usual bolting machine, and the work
equally as good. The diameter of the drum is 21 iuches,
and length 52 inches, making 1,120 revolutions per
minute by steam power with an 8 inch pulley on the
drum shaft, and driven by a gutta percha band. The
same barn or thrashing part may also be applied to
horse power, the diameter of the walk being 21 feet, and
the drum in this case making 900 revolutions per minute
with fbur horses.

Stand 5, No. 7.—A pair of portable millstones, driven
by steam-power, 2 feet eight inches in diameter, fixed
in a metal cylindrical frame 3 feet 6 inches in diameter,
4 feet 7 inches high from floor to the top of bed stone,
and suitable for agricultural purposes generally.
Stand 107, No. 3.—A roller mill forcrushing corn and
linseed, driven at the rate of from 60 to 70 revolutions per
minute, and worked by either manual or steam power,
and it is driven by a strap; the diameter of the pulley on
the spindle is 20 inches. The momentum of the large
roller acts as a flywheel.
Stand 78, No. 7.—A chaff-cutting machine, with 3
knives. worked by steam or horse-power, and making
five different lengths of chaff, viz, four for horses, cat-
tle, or sheep, and one length of four inches for litter;
where a large stock of cattle are kept, it is considered a
great advantage, the straw being sooner converted into
manure. It is fitted up with safety registered rollers,
and will cut gorse, furze, or whine, as well as hay and
straw.

Stand 8, No. 2. —A patent turnip-cutting machine,
with 26 knives for sheep and 8 knives for beasts. This
machine is made on the same principle as No. 1; adapted
for cutting pieces of two different stzks by reversing the
motion of the flywheel. By turning the handle in one
direction 26 knives are brought into operation, cutting
slices three quarters of an inch wide by half an inch
thick, for sheep; whilst in the opposite direction pieces
are cut 21 inches wide by five-eights of an inch thick,
with eight knives, for beasts.
Stand 113. No. I.—A machine for breaking oilcake
for beasts and sheep, easy to work, and having a sinipe
and effectual arrangement for varying the distance be-
tween the rollers, by which they are always kept pc-
rallel, the alterations being made with the greatest faci-
lity, without any possibility of getting out of order.
Stand 26, No. 38.—A combined harvest-cart, and
Scotch cart; light built, with a long, broad, and low
body; the harvest body may be removed, and, when ne-
cessary, the common Scotch cart body mounted on the
same wheels and axle, and thus adapted for general farm
work throughout the year.
Stand 26, No. 28.—An improved waggon, made light
and strong, having a circular bed-plate, and fitted with
a pair of shafts instead of a pole. Mounted upon patent
wheels and axles, with 2i inches convex tire; fore-
wheels, 3 feet 6 inches high, and hind-wheels, 4 feet 10
inches high.

Stand 75, No. I.—A tile-making machine, exceed-
ingly strong, being made entirely of iron, with strong
wheels and pinions ard double racks, and with only mo-
derate care would work for years without requiring re-
pair. The box will contain 3,744 cubic inches of clay,
and will throw out 48 2-inch tiles, each 13i inches long,
wwhttohleonday
once filling
oningte mahebno, whox.l also fills th
It maybe eaesilbyotxu, while
turned the
boy cuts off the tiles and carries them away. The front
of the box is large enough to receive a die-plate, with
seven le-inch, or five 2-inch tiles in width, and if the
machine Is supplied with a registered double table, then
the die-plate has openings for 14 1k or 10 2-inch tiles.
Any description of tiles may be made by this machine,
pipe-tiles from 1 to 12 inches diameter, also horseshoe,
ridging, and every other form of tiles. A wrought-iron
semen-plate may be attached fur the purpose of screen-
ing the clay and extracting stones, &c., from it ; with
single table and instantaneous cutters attached to it, by
which five rows of tiles are cut off at once.

Stand 67, No. 54—A set of draining tools for clay
land, consisting of one bright cast-steel spade, 11 by 7
(4s. 6d.); one bright convex tool, 16 by 4 by 2f (45.);
one bright cast-steel concave tool, 18 by 4 by 2f (55. 6d.);
one bright cast steel concave tool, 18 by 5 by 3 (ss. 9d.);
one pipe layer (25.); one bright scoop (3a.).
Stand 122, No. 3—A set of patent tour beam diagonal
iron harrows, the teeth of which each cuts a separate
track. The 'fraught is from the centre, and if the horse
moves mure forward than the others, the working lines
of the harrow are not disturbed. tis suitable for fel-
lows, and should be drawn by thnie horses.
Stand 122, No. 2.—A light harrow, constructed on
the same principle.
Stand 3, No. 45—A Norwegian harrow, with bodkin
and shafts.

cul-
tivator, with seven wrought iron tines, for the purpose of
Stand 116, No. 50—A patent scarifier, grubber, or
cultivating land under a variety ot circumstances, and
bringing it into a proper state of tilth, much more ( ff e-
mtueaallL,
gaennderaaltlyless
employed forexpense than can be done by the
that purpose. It may be
successtulty used to clean wheat, bean, and pea stubbles
directly atter harvest; to break up such parts of clover
layers as may have failed in the plant,
and to break up land after green crops in May
accomplishingo t. Juno, coleworts, &c.; thus
ge, without bringing
fresh earth to the surface laud, in preparation for barley
nprepaanreatinonndfodreetuprntima
and oats. The improvements upon this scarifier consist
in manufacturing it almost entirely of wrought iron, and
suspending the frame so that by means of a lever at each
end and corresponding catches either side may be raised
higher than the other to suit sloping ground or to allow
oue wheel to mu in a furrow whilst the teeth penetrate
the cultivated ground to an uniform depth. The teeth
are also of wrought iron, and are secured to the frame in
such a manner as to allow ot varying both their dis-
tat,ces from each other, and the depth to which they are
to penetrate, allowing also of setting them to suit round-
ing lands. This implement clears a space of 4 feet 8
inches in work.

Stand 95, No. 10.—An improved cultivator or grub-
ber made entirely of wrought iron, and used with five,
seven, or nine tines at equal distances, and which are so
arranged that they are notlikely to clog up. In an in-
stant, and with ease, it is raised from its work, or
lowered into the earth to any required depth; it may
also be worked with equal effect on sloping ground, or
with one wheel in a furrow; the teeth penetrating the
ground to au uniform depth, as on a level surface, and
clearing five feet of ground.
Stand 81, No. 18—A patent horse-hoe, for flat work be-
tween the rows of wheat, barley, peas, beans, turnips, car-
rots, awl mangoldwurtzel, or any oilier crop not drilled
at 14-s. than 7 or 8 inches apart. It is suited to almost
i
all descriptions of soil, and from t, simplicity may easily
be managed by all agricultural workmen. 0.. e or two
horses (depending on the size of the implement) will hoe
from $ to 10 acres per day. It is Mead with a box for

t he purpose of sowing clover and other seeds broadcast,
at the same time it is used for hoeing spring corn.
Stand 9, No. 12.—A horse-hoc adapted for working
on the ridge.
stand 122, No. 6.—A patent horse rake, improved ;
Ist, in the construction of the teeth fitting into iron
sockets, and working on the front red, so that one or
more teeth can be removed at pleasure ; 2dly, the
teeth acting on a bar running parallel underneath the
frame, gives it greater facility i❑ relieving it of its load ;
idly, the handle is connected to the bar running under-
neath with a spring catch, which holds the teeth to their
work, and cannot lose the yealm until pressed down by_
the handle. It is simple in construction, and cannot get
out of order.

Stand 16, No. I.—A patent economic hand seed dib-
ble, with six depositors, and .tritable for every descrip-
tion of seed, wheat, barley, eats, beans, peas, manguld,
turnips, carrots, parsnips, &c., it being fitted with cups
for all these seeds. It d.-posits the aced at an uniform
and at any required depth, in straight hoes, to admit of
horse and hand hoeing, at even distances in the rows, and
in any required qua :city.
Stand 36, No. 21.—A hand barrow drill for turnips
and maugoldwurtzel, on the ridge or flat; made very
light, nod the levers are so fixid-on the bat as to admit
of their being placed at any distaecefritn 16 to 30 inches.
The box.s, trundles, and tins, are made to adjust to any
width, just as the levers are required to be set. The
ceps are made with double sides, suitable for either tur-
nips or mane oldwurzel seed, and will deposit from two
to six pints of turnip seed, or from 2 to 6lbs. of mangold•
wurtzsl seed per acre.
Stand 90, No. I.—A liquid manure distributor; made
to distribute liquid manure in any state of consistency,
either broadcast or in rows. It also forms a drill, for
depositing in the earth together, turnip, carrot, or man•
gold seeds, with liquid manure, on the flat, in three,
four, or five rows, at any stated intervals. It is so con-
structed that straws or leaves, which .are often found in
liquid manure, will not at all interfere with its working.
It will deliver the liquid as well as the seed in any given
quantities.
Stand 95, No. I.—A patent improved hay-maker,
having reverse motion and double action; is light, easily
used, and fitted up with particular regard to strength
and durability, the wheels being of wrought iron.
Stand 58, No. 9.—A furze or gorse-cutting and
bruising machine, with 3-horse power patent gear; it
cuts the gorse as chaff, by means of three knives fixed
on two rings or heads; it then passes it through two sets
of rollers, running at different speeds, which, by com-
pressing
it andto a
rubbingcon condition
ot hne
suitablegor seas
for
rp
theasse
food
through,re-
ducest
Three horses will cut and crush 250 to 300 bushels of
gorse per day, if it be young. It requires three horses
to work it at 98 revolutions per minute. It is driven by
cattle.
It can be applied to either horse, steam, or water power.
a connecting rod, attached to a fly-wheel, 4 feet in dia-
meter, weighing *wt.
Stand 41, No.3.—A farmer's improved steam-cooking
apparatus, consisting of a boiler or generator, with im-
proved pump and transparent gauge, a 60-gallon strong
oak compound or boiling tub, with a copper inside. It
has been improved, by increasing the heating surfaces,
covering the generator with felt and wood, and forming
the stand of non-conducting materials, to obtain greater
economy, and simplified in use by substituting a vacuum
valve fur a stop-cock on the jet-pipe for stirring the com-
pound, making it thereby self acting. The compound-
tub is also fitted with a revolving stirring-machine to
form an apparatus for drying damp or injured corn.
Silver medals were also awarded by the judges to the
following competitors:—
Corn-dropping machine, silver medal—Messrs. Ran-
some and May.
Ribbing drill, silver medal—Mr. Busby.
For his invention of depositing the manure on the ridge
before the roller, and combining the two principles of the
ridge and flat in the same implement, silver medal—Mr.
Iloresby.
A plough, for general purposes, silver medal—Mr.
Downs.

For their universal plough, marked Y. U. L., silver
medal—Messrs. Ransoms and May.
Cart saddle, silver medal—Mr. James Hunter.
Patent irrigator, silver medal—Messrs. Wedlake and
Thompson.
Digging fork, silver medal—Messrs. Ransome and
May.

Churn, silver medal—Mr. Whitehead.
Fortoble farm railway, silver medal—Mr. Crosskill.
Circular saw bench, fur making hurdles, &c., silver
medal—Mr. Burrell,

For improvements in cutting wires and dye-plates,
hilver medal—Mr. Scragg.
Highly commended—Machine for making drain-pipes
and tiles—Mr. Scragg.
Commended—Portable thrashing machine—Messrs.
Hurwood and Turner.

The only other proceedings of the day up to post-hour
connected with the show was an interesting lecture on
the parasitic fungi of the British farm, which was deli-
vered by the Rev. Edward Sidney, at twelve o'clock, in
the County Court, and which was listened to with great
attention by a numerous audience.
His Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge arrived
in town last night, on a visit to Mr. Bignold, the Mayor.
His Royal Highness was received by the Corporation and
a troop of Lancers on alighting from the train.
At six o'clock the council dinner takes place in St.
Andrew's Hall, when the award of prizes for stock will
be publicly announced.

PARLIAMENTARY and FINANCIAL
REFORM..

Another district meetit ot the members of the Me-
tropolitan and Financial Reform Association was held
last aright in the Standard Theatre, Shoreditch, under
the usual Presidency of Sir Joshua Walmsley, M.P. So
great was the pressure for admittance, and so large the
number of persons disappointed, that it was deemed ex-
pedient to hold a branch meeting simultaneously at the
• British School-room, Cowper-street, City-road, under the
Presidency of Mr. Wilkinson, the treasurer of the asso-
ciation. Among the persons on the platform of the
original meeting were Mess's. G. Thompson, M.P.;
L. Heywortb, M,P.; John Williams, M.P.; F. O'Connor,
M.P.; W. Williams (formerly M.P. for Coventry), &c.
Th 4.• CHAIRMAN, after reading a letter of apul,gy from
Sir NV. Clay, proceeded to address the meeting. He
entreated the working classes to show by their orderly
and poaceful conduct, and by thz, moderation and prac-
tical character of their opinions, that they were fitted
for the exercise of the tranchise. He repudiated on
the part of the association any desire to break faith
with the public creditor, as had calumniously Leen
imputed to them. Their desire was not to

destroy the just rights of any clas,, but to do equal
justie.• to all. They desire to enforce the strictest
possible t conotny in every department of the State, to
ob ain a were equal distribution of taxation, to see pro-
perty bearing its just share of the burdens which it en-
tailed, to pr, vent the sinews of war from being Equan-
dared in a time of peace, and to extend the suffrage so as
r" make the House of Commons the fair exponent of the
opinions of the whole country. For these purposes he
wished to see the mithib- and working classes cordially
united, and not, as formerly, broken up into numerous
small sections, some insisting for ore thing and some for
anoili,r, some cuntending for household suffrage, others
for manhood suffrage, and others standing out for the
Charter, the whole Charter, and nothing but the Charter
—(Cheers)—each section toll ,wing its own will, irre-
spective of the means by which its object could bo
ob-
tained, and thus all falling an easy prey to the enemies
of social improvement. L A CHARTIST -" Join us, then!"]
(Cheers.) He begged those from whom that cry pro•
seeded to mark what he said—there never was a time, in
his opinion, in which there was a fairer prospect than
now of progressive reform. The middle classes were dis-
posed to aid them in obtaining an extension of the elec-
toral list from 1,100,000 to 4,000,000 of voters, a more
equal apportionment of Members, the abolition of a pro-
perty qualification, the establishment of the ballot, and a
limitation of the duration of Parliaments. He asked the
Chartists, therefore, to join that movement,remembering
that concession was not compromise. He begged to re-
mind them that in high quarters a disposition had lately
been manifested to repudiate finality. There was a
shaking among the advocates of irresponsible power.
Was it not worth while to make some personal sacri-

fines in order to take advantage of these symptoms 2
(Cheers.) He implored, them, therefore, to let all past
animosities be buried, and to let the fiat go forth that
henceforth there was to be a union between the middle
and productive classes, and nothing could withstand
their effor ts.—(Applause.)
Mr. J. HALL then moved, and Mr. G. OFFOR seconded
the following resolution :
" That the absence of a really representative House of
Commons, the preponderance of class legislation, the
unequal pressure of taxation, the general extravagance
of the public expenditure, and the consequences of these
evils, engendering discontent, and threatening disorders
fatal to the political and social prosperity of this em-
pire, render the combination of the middle and working
classes for the attainment of the reforms advocated by
the Metropolitan Parliamentary and Financial Reform
Association, a matter of momentous importance to the
Stat,,."

Mr. G. TrroairsoN, M.P., in supporting the motion,
expressed himself as being exceeningly sanguine res-
pecting. the present movement, and said he saw no reason
why, i! they were only united, they should not accomplish
the object in view within a very brief period. It was
hopeless to expect any good from the House of Commons
as at present constituted, unless they were willing to wait
10 years for one reform, 15 for another, 20 for a third,
and 25 for a fourth" besides spending thousands of
pounds in carrying on the agitation for each.—(Hear.)
There was not more than 84 Members in the present
House of Commons who on any one occasion could
be brought to vote for an extension of the rights of the
people. In opposition to that small body there were 6
marquises, 8 earls, 25 viscounts, 36 lords, 61 baronets,
12 honourables, 52 generals, admirals, colonels, captains,
and lieutenants—all the placemen, of course, and all the
expectants, and all the supporters of the Church Estab-
lishment.—(Hear, hear.) No wonder, then, that the
popular Members were beaten ; and beaten they would
continue to be until it was unmistakably seen that they
were backed by a united people out of doors; for there
were plenty of men in that House watching the thing at
the top of the house which went round with the wind—
he would not except even some of the 84 to whom
he had referred—but whenever they found a strong
popular breeze fairly set in, a swelling sea, and a rolling
tide, with the haven of success in view, a change of
votes would soon be visible.—(Cheers.) The Hon.
Gentleman then referred to the success of universal
suffrage in the United States, and contended that the
unentranebised classes in this country, in their characters
of fathers and citizens, were in the habit of discharging
far more onerous and difficult duties than that of voting
for representatives, and that the manner in which those
duties were discharged Ras one of the best proofs that
they were not unfitted for political power. The man
who guarded Coutts's bank in the Strand, without be-
traying it to the midnight burglar might surely be trusted
to give his vote in Covent-garden for the member for
Westminster.—(Cheers.) But the fact was that the
ignorance of the people was a mere pretence. It was
not because the Legislature dreaded the ignorance of
the people that they withheld the franchise from them,
but because they knew they were intelligent.—(Cheers.)
If they really deserved the name of the swinish multi-
tude, and would allow themselves to be led by the nose
like asses, he made bold to say they would not long be
left without the franchise.—(Hear, hear.) lie Mt con-
vinced that there was no country in the world where the
suffrage might be so safely extended as in this.
Mr. %V. IVILLIAIIIS also spoke in support of the mo-
tion, dwelling principally upon the inequality of electoral
districts, the bribery which prevailed in the smaller
boroughs, and the extravagant expenditure of recent
years. He averred that if the Government were to re-
duce the expenditure to what it was only four years ago,
under their predecessors, they would be able to abolish
the window-tax, and also the duties on soap, butter,
these, paper, and advertisements.
Mr. F. O'CONNOR said that he had come to the:meet-
ing, not to throw the apple of discord into it, but to
hold out the olive branch to its promoters, and to
say that, recognising in the movement a means to an
end, and not an end in itself, he had arrived
at the determination of giving it his cordial support,
and of assisting the coalition out of doors in order to
meet the coalition of Whig and Tory within.—(Applause.)
He expressed the pleasure he felt at seeing such a
large and enthusiastic meeting assembled on that occa-
sion, because it was probably the last time he should
appear on a public platform. Ile had been a public agi-
tator now for twenty-seven years, and it was his joy and
comfort in retiring into privacy that he bad never made
a speech which had not been for the benefit of the poor;
that he had never travelled a mile nor eaten a mite at
their expense; and that he had devoted his time, his
means, his energies, and life-blood to their service until
he had become prematurely old. He was grateful for
the confidence which the working classes had reposed in
him, and was proud to think that he left the stage with
the character which he brought upon it.—(Cheers.)
Mr. L. Ilmcwortam, M. 1., strongly impressed upon
the meeting the advantages of a system of direct over in-
-1 direct taxation.

The resolution was then agreed to, and the meeting
broke up at about half-past ten o'clock.

THE FIRE ANNIHILATOR.

Such is the title given to a wonderft7l—machine in-
vented by a gentleman named Phillips. A demonstra-
tion of the capabilities of the invention took place a kw
days ago, at he Gas Works, Vauxhall, and was attended
for
a the utmost success. It is impossible, when ye
a moment think of the numberless lives lost by fire, to
overrate the value of this important invention, yet it is in
form simple, and, what is better (for the million), cheap
and portable: for instance, it may be placed in a closet,
or in the hull, as a piece of furniture, and may be con-
veniently carried by a female, being about the weight of
a loaded coal-scuttle. Annihilators of larger power, we
are int orm,d, will be easily portable by a man, and the
machine for the protection of large establishments may
be conveniently constructed by fining up a convenient
part of the premises (say five feet square), the vapour
being conveyed, by means of flexible tubing, to such part
of the building as may be on fire. A number of expe—
riments took place, among which we may mention that
a model of an ordinary house was filled with pieces of
wood immersed in turpentine, shavings, oil, pieces of tat
barrel, and other materials of the most inflammable
nature; fire was applied, and the flames rose with a per-
fectly roaring noise; the annihilator was applied, the
vapour rushing from which with a hissing sound abso-
lutely tore doss n the flames in less time than we have taken
to describe the model building and the materials use d.
Again, a very pretty model of en East Indiaman was rx
hibited, likewise charged. Flame was applied to the ship,
and the fire raged tore arid aft with great violence. Thu
vapour aas again employed, and with similar success. It
is solacing to the feelings to contemplate any means of
',rote cttou against the horrors of a ship on fire during
its voyage, having regard only to the ordinary crew, but
to imagine such a calamity happening to an emigrant
ship, such, for instance, as the ill fated Ocean Monarch,
crowded with passengers, how truly may this invention
be termed invaluable. It is well known, that
on such
occasions it is found impracticable to apply water to the
part of the hold where the
Piroh
toemission of a humid
wavbe, but as the
principle of this invention is
vapour with prodigious force, it would necessarily pene-
trate all the interstices between the articles of the cargo,
and not only effectually save the ship, but preserve many
hundred human beings from a late too horrid to colt-
template and from which escape might otherwise prove
hopeless.
In cases of fire happening in houses, or single rooms,
the machine must be placed as near as circumstance
permit, and the tube or mouth of the hose inserteds willinto
the doorway, or into the window, and the lever or pin,
by which the charge is ignited, being then struck, the
vapour is discharged, and in a few seconds, the fire, how-
ever fierce the flame, is entirely extinguished. One
thing, and a most important thing it is, is, that the
vapour may be safely inhaled without anY or
mischief,
the least ill effects, which the inventor proved to de
monstration by placing the hose in his mouth, and im-
bibing what appeared to us a most unsavory draught.
The invention may also be applied successfully to
fires occurring to a railway train, by merely carrying a
moderately-sized machine in the luggage• van.
We must conclude, as we began, by stating it is a most
woliderful Wrangell.

S

• ' or,
s: • • •-•4A-, ar.
,VirA
THE CHO 11.E•ft*,..
•
TO THE EDITOR okirilig-'Blm..
RESPECTED EPIENIi,—I obserreAhtilke.Ybries paper. .17
long amtcle on the subject of cluirikthe chdlerag
means of olive oil. Not being of the,_m\eldical prank°
of course I am not aware whether therk-4 any sunilaritrq
between olive oil and castor oil as to=il4ir effects on the
constitution, but the circumstance reminds me of the ad-
vice given mo by a Dr. Thompson, in considerable prac-
tice, when at Edinburgh some ten years ago, where the
cholera then raged with considerable violence, which
was to this effect:—" Let me advise you, if you feel at
any time seriously indisposed in your bowels, go' to the
first chemist's shop and take a full dose of castor oil, and
should it not operate in a short time, repeat the dose. Be
not alarmed, it will at nil events not hurt you, and I will
guarantee you sg.inst the fetal effects of the cholera;
adding, that I have not lost one patient when the parties
have applied to me in time; but if you avoid adopting it
till a collapse nzkes place, it is doubtful whether oil or
any other medicine can or will be of any use in arrest-
ing the tatal progress of the disease."
Yours respectfully,
THOMAS MOTLEY.
London, 7 mo.—July 16, 1849.
P.S. I should add, the Dc ctor strongly advised ab-
staining from taking food of an acid or stimulating kind,
or liquid of an inflammatory or spirituous nature.

NAVAL ANI) MILITARY IN-
TELLIGENCE.
P0RT,11101.711, WEDNE,DAY.—Tbe Fire Queen steam-
yacht, Master-Commander Allen, was undocked this
morning and afterwards embarked the Cabinet Ministers
for Osborne.
The M) rile steam-tender returned from Plymouth this
morning, bringing a few seamen.
The Egyptian frigate Sharkie, Commodore Hafuz
Bey, arrived in Falmouth harbour at 9 o'clock on Sun-
day morning, after a run, unprecedented in the annals of
steam, of only 13 hours from the Isle of Wight. She
ran the distance from this anchorage to the Needles is
an hour and a half. Mr. Richards was the pilot.
The Grampus, 50, in dock here, is receiving a refit
to cost almost as much as her alteration from a line-of.
battle ship to a frigate, at least to all appearance. She is
certainly not worth so much money for alteration and
refitments. The cost of rezeeing and fitting her for sea is
stated in the Admiralty returns to have been 14,0341.
The Devastation steam sloop also presents the appear•
ante of being rebuilt, after only eight years' existence
upon the navy list.
The Queen Charlotte, 104, is still in the hands, of the
refitter s in dock; she, too, seems to be having more work
done to her than she will ever " set off" if commissioned,
which is doubtful, as three deckers of her class are " oat
the shelt" e., kept in repair to rot afloat).
The Acta:run, 26. is in dock for a refit.
The Princess Royal, 90, in frame, seems likely to
maintain that position for many years to come. It is
said the concoctors of the scheme of taking her to pieces
and widening her two feet are nct quite sure that the
8,0001. alteration will be an improvement, and so are
" resting on their oars" to reconsider the matter now the
mischief is done.

The Royal Frederick, 110, the same class of ship as
the Quern is on the stocks ready for launching, but it is
nut considered necessary to perform this ceremony, as
there are plenty of three-deckers, whose terms of service
in the mud have not expired. The freak in fashion now
appears to be to tit up the whole of the interior of the
ship as for sea before leaving the slip.
The Prince of Wales, 110, laid down in the latter part
of last year, is being run up as if three-deckers were in
the greatest demand. She is actually ready for planking.
and yet the Princess Royal, commenced years before, is
left unfinished.

'lhe Argus, new steamer, laid down a few months
since, is b 0 far advanced towards the launching state
that her planking is complete to the weather deck. She,
too, seems wanted, from the apparent haste of her con•
struction, and as she is upon the paddle principle perhaps
it is so, so few of that class being in the service !
The Furious, another steamer, building alongside of
the Argus, seems less fortunate, her frame timbers only
being up.
The Rodney, 92, is completing her refit in the basin.
The new barracks at Portsea are named the " Angle-
sea Barracks," and will be occupied early in the ensuing
month by the 4th (King's Own) Regiment of Foot.
litijor Harvey, Aide-de-Camp to Lord Frederick
Fitularence, the Lieutenant-Gov,rnor of this Garrison,
has joined his regiment (the 62d) prior to going upon
the unattached halt-pay to retain the above appointment.
With a view to the preservation of the health of the
troops, the Lieutenant-Governor bas interdicted them
from entering the following localities, which are infected
with the prevailing epidemic, viz.:—The streets, lanes.
&c., in "Point" (except Broad-street); Warblington.
street, Nobb's lane, Prospect row, and that part of the
town between the latter place and Colewort Barracks;
and his Lordship has organized a military police to
prevent the ingress of soldiers to those plaees.