The Sun.
London, England, 1822-01-25 00:00:00

IRELAND.

KILKENNY, TAN. 19.—Friday last the meeting
of the Nobility, Clergy, Gentry, and Freehol-
Alers, convened by the High Sheriff, pursuant to
Requisition, was held at the County Court House.
The meeting was numerously and respectably at-
tended. About two o'clock the High Sheriff took
the Chair and read the Requisition.

The Hon. PIERCE BUTI.Ett then proposed the
following Resolutions :

Resolved,
_That it is the deliberate opinion of this meeting,
that as long as the Penal Laws affecting the Roman Catholics
of this country remain in force, so long must Ireland, when con-
sidered as a nation, continue in a state of political disunion and
degradation ; and that, in thus assembling to petition Parlia-
ment for a repeal, of those obnoxious Statutes, we act in unison
with the wishes of our gracious and beloved Sovereign.
Resolved, therefore—That we consider it a sacred duty which
we owe to our King and our country, to have a petition prefer-
red to both Rouses of Parliament, in whose liberality and wis-
dom we place the greatest confidence, praying for a repeal of
all disabilities affecting the Roman Catholics of this Kingdom.

TIIOMAS BARNES, Esq. then addressed the
Chair. He stated, that as his signature appeared
to the Requisition, he wished to assign his reason
for having affixed it. His Majesty's gracious
visit in Ireland, and his subsequent appointment
of a Viceroy of the same sentiments, for the pur-
pose of promoting the conciliation between the
Catholics and Protestants which he had himself
recommended, according entirely with his own
sentiments, were his reasons for signing the Re-
quisition. It was the wish of his Majesty's •Mi-
nisters to have a general expression of public
sentiment on the subject, and be hoped to see
public meetings take place in every county
and city in, Ireland in favour of Catholic
Emancipation. All the great Statesmen who had
passed away, Mr. Pitt, Mr. Fox, Mr. Burke,
Mr. Sheridan, as well a, the great men of the
present day who are most respected for virtue
and talents, are advocates of the measure. - For
these reasons he begged leave to second Mr. But-
ler's Resolutions.

The Resolutions were then read by the Sheriff,
put seriatim, and carried unanimously.
The Hon. PIERCE BUTLER then read the fol-
lowing Petition to both Houses of Parliament :
" We, the Nobility, Clergy, Gentry, and Freeholders of the
County of Kilkenny, of all religious persuasions, sincerely and
zealously attached to the person of our most gracious Sovereign,
and to the unrivalled Constitution bequeathed us by our ances-
tors, beg leave to approach your Honourable House, and to
supplicate the removal ofthose unnecessary restrictions and in-
vidious distinctions which have so long and so injuriously se-
parated Protestants and Catholics.

" Firmly convinced that the Roman Catholics of this country
have, on all occasions, equally evinced their loyalty to the Bri-
tish Throne with the rest of his Majesty's subjects, and that no
just cause exists for continuing to deprive them of the benefits
of the Constitution, we look forward with confidence to a re-
moval of all disqualifications affecting them on account of reli-
gious opinions, as the best means to strengthen the empire, and
to secure the prospenty of Ireland.
" Your Petitioners, therefore, implore your Honourable
House, in the name of that Deity to whom, in common, we
offer up our adorations, and of the Redeemer in whom we trust,
to open the portals of the Constitution to five millions of a long
oppressed race ; and thus confer immortal glory on the present
age, by repealing these partial and obnoxious Statutes, which
are alike repugnant to liberality and justice.
(Signed, when adopted, by)
" WILLIAM WARING, high Sheriff."
The Hon. PIERCE BUTLER then proposed the
following rtesolution

Resolved, That the Petition now read be adopted as the Pe-
tition of the Nobility, Clergy, Gentry, and Freeholders of the
county of Kilkenny, to both Houses of Parliament.
This Resolution being seconded by Mr. Barnes,
was carried unanimously. -
Peter RYAN, Esq. then proposed the following
Resolutions, which were, seconded by Mr. BUT-
LER, and carried unanimously :
Itcsolved, That the Lord Viscount Ciifden be requested to
present our Petition to the House of Lords, and that the Earl
of Ormonde, the Earl of Besborough, the Most Noble the
Marquesses of Downshire and Lansdown, and the Earl of Do-
noughmore, be requested to support the same.
solved, That the Hon. Frederick Ponsonhy be requested
to present our Petition to the House of Commons' and that the
lion. Charles Butler Clarke, the other County Member, the
Hon. George Agar Ellis, the Right lion. Lord Duncannon,
the Right Hon. William Conyngham .Plunkett, and Sir Henry
Parnell, Bart. be requested to support the same.

We understand that Mr. Gour.nu-nx intends
proceeding to London in the course of the pre-
sent week, to attend his official duties.—(Dublin
Correspondent.)
CLONMEL, J. 19.—0 n Wednesday night a
notorious offender, of the name of Grady, who
had changed h;s name to that of Kelly, was ap-
prehended in Carrickbeg, by a detachment of
eight of the Tipperary Staff, sent on that service
by the Right lion. Col. Bagwell, two of whom
were sworn as special constables. The detachment
had previously searched 19 houses before they
found Grady, the doors of which were all opened
to them on being required ; but they having been
refused admittance at the house where Grady
was, they were obliged to break open the door,
and found him concealed above stairs in bed.
Grady is now in Clonmel gaol, where he stands
fully charged with being one of the party who
took Serjeant Tyler's arms about two years ago.
Thus Colonel Bagwell has succeeded in appre-
hending five desperate offenders out of six, who
disturbed this neighbourhood a long time past.
The names of the five are, Maher (commonly
called Strike), Barrett, Walsh, Reddy,and Grady.

IMPROVEMENT IN BREWING.-- The Glasgow
Chronicle says—" A most important itnprove-
ment has lately taken place in the mode of brew-
ing and distilling, and is now practised at the
Patent Steam Distillery at the Greenhead. The
invention consists in the application of steam to
the bottom of the boilers, which are indented
with concentric circles, varying in depth accord-
ing to the progress and quantity of heat wanted. A
pipe from the steam-engine boiler, situated out-
side of the building, is conveyed to three large
brewing boilers and two stills. The boiler is riot
larger than that required of eight-horse power, and
not more than the usual pressure is employed. In
addition to the saving of fuel, the improvement
consists in the great disparity of temperature be-
twixt this mode and the common way of distilling
by a coal or peat fire. The difference is as 21-4
to '21,877 degrees of heat. The consequence is
obvious. Steam cannot give any of that empy-
reurnatic nauseous flavour, which is so difficult to
be avoided in the common method, and which
has so long deteriorated our native beverage.
Another improvement at the Greenhead, is a ma-
chine, styled by the inventor a separator, that
completely prevents the mixture of the coarse
essential oil, which is one of the products of dis-
tillation on the old plan, and which has been so
greatly injurious to all malt spirits."

Under the head of Foreign Intelligence we
have given extracts from Hamburg, Brussels,
and Spanish Papers which have been received
since our last. There are no French arrivals.
Last Monday being the anniversary of the 21st
of January, the offices of the Paris Papers were
shut, and none were to be published on Tuesday ;
so that the French Journals of Wednesday can-
t not be expected until late tl►is evening, or to-

morrow morning.

LIVERPOOL, JAN. 23.

Mcxico.—The Havannah packet John, ar-
rived at this port on Thursday last, brings letters
from Havannah to the 13th Dec., and from Vera
Cruz to the 17th Nov. By these letters we
learn, that the Imperial army of Mexico, which
had taken possession of Vera Cruz in the month
of September, had suffered so much from the
yellow fever, and by desertions, caused by the
dread of the fever, that only 100 invalids were
left in the town. In consequence of this, Gover-
nor DAVILLA, who had retired to the Castle of
San Juan, in the Harbour, on the approach of the
Imperialists, wrote to the Governor of Havannah
that he was about to leave the fortress, and to take
possession of the city of Vera Cruz. The opi-
nion at Havannah was, that the Imperialists
would not approach the sea-coast again.

[Extract of a Private Letter to a respectable Merchant in the

City, dated Phihdelpliia, Dec. 29.]

" I have to inform you, that a general revision
and correction of- the duties imposed upon fo-
reign merchandize seems to be hinted at. 11Lny
of, the articles which pay but 15 per cent. ad va-
lorem, ought in justice as well as policy to pay
25 per cent., which is the duty paid on principal
articles of woollen and cotton manufactures.
The same is applicable to some of tl►e articles
which pay 20 per cent. ad valorem ; and a cor-
rection of the existing duties, with a view to an
increase of the public revenue, could not fail
to effect that object to the extent of nearly
1,000,000 dollars annually."

[Extract of a Letter from Ilavannall, Dec. 10.]

" On the 30th of November we had a terrible
deluge. I was in a bed, in a room considerably
elevated from the ground, and being awakened
by the noise of the heavy torrent, found the
water had entirely covered the floor. I have
never before heard of so extraordinary a rain.
For two days I could not leave my house, the
streets being full of water like rivers. It is
feared much havoc has been made on the sugar
plantations, and it is said the canes are so much
injured as to ruin the prospect of the next crop.
As to the coffee, all that was not gathered from
the trees, has been inundated and spread over
the ground."
On the 22d of November, a decree of the King
of HoLLAmn was published at Curacoa, prohibit-
ing all privateers or letters of marque, from cap-
turing or molesting any vessel under neutral co-
lours, belonging to a power not at war with
Holland," within the waters and jurisdiction of
these islands ; " every violation of this decree to
subject the captors to detention, and being car-
ried into Curagoa, and there fined fifteen hun-
dred pieces of eight, and the vessels captured re-
stored to their owners ; besides being liable to
corporeal punishment, or otherwise, in case of
having used violence towards the persons on board.

KENTUCKY LEGISLATURE.—A resolution was
offered in the Senate, recommending the passing
of a general bankrupt law, applicable to all
classes of time community, by Congress. It was op-
posed on the ground that the Congress alone was
competent to judge of its expediency. The re-
solution was rejected by a large majority, there
being only ten cotes in its favour.

In our front page we have inserted a copious
extract from that part of " The State of the
N:ztion at the Commencement of the Year 1822,"
in which it is the object of the writer to chew,
not only " that the main sources of national
wealth and public revenue are, in their actual
state, entire and unimpaired," but that they are
in a more prosperous condition, and have been
more prosperous on an average of the years of
peace, than they were during the three last
years of the wad—As regards the extent and
pecuniary amount of our exports and imports,
of the foreign trade in our principal manufactures

and of our colonial produce, and as regards the
magnitude and employment of our shipping, the
author of the pamphlet incontrovertibly esta-
blishes his position. In this part of his subject,
the writer says nothing of the condition of our
Agriculture, though we cannot see for what rea•
son Agriculture is omitted in an enumeration and
exposition of "the main sources of national revenue
and public wealth,"—and though, as regards the
extent of land under cultivation, and the gross
amount of annual produce, a comparison of the
years of peace with the three last years of the war
would have been nearlyas favourable to agriculture
as he has she%vn it to be for our manufactures,
shipping, and commerce !—Now, assuming this
fact, (and it is ,a fact which is admitted by the
Author of the " State of the Nation" in another
part of his work), it will be easy to spew that
something more than the mere extent, as respects
the total transactions of a country, is requisite
to the comfort and prosperity of the mass of the

people. Though the gross amount of annual pr()",
duce in Ireland has been progressively increas-
ing, and though her exports of provisions are
more extensive and valuable than in former
times, the condition of the mass of her population
is deteriorated rather than improved. Ireland
exports, in fact, those very provisions, which are
indispensable to the comfortable subsistence or
her own half-starved peasantry.—Though tl►e
exports from Great Britain of " our cottons
woollen, linen, and silk manufactures ; of our
iron and steel work ; our tin, pewter, and plate"
goods ; our glass and relined sugar; and o►'r
coffee, rum, sugar, indigo, and India piece goods,

are even more extensive than during the war'
it is certain that a great proportion of these cow'
modifies, so vast in their aggregate amount;
could be consumed by our own population'

_ .
at home ; and that the best criterion of 7?'
tional prosperity would be the universal diffusion
of the comforts of life throughout the whole ma"
of the people.—The exports of England, as 0(41
as the exports of Ireland, do not consist' of
surplus, remaining after the wants of the people
have been abundantly supplied ; and yet that
commerce only can be truly beneficial to a coo"
try, which exchanges its supeiyhtilies for the
superfluities of other States. It matters not to

the Irish peasantry that the exports of beef/
butter, and corn, from their country, becomo
more and more extensive, since they derive to
advantage from seeing the produce of their soil
swept off to supply the necessities of another
people. It matters not to the bulk of the people
in England that the products of their 'industry
and skill inundate the markets of the world,
since the eager competitions of the middlil'
classes involve them in perpetual embarrassments,
and since the universal depreciation of labour de'
prives the working classes of the power of ob'
twining a sufficiency of those very articles for
themselves, with which they are capable of fur-
nishing the rest of the world.—Though the actual
condition of our agriculture, considered as " (8
fund of production," has not yet declined, it has
ceased to be advantageous to the labourers, pro-
fitable to the farmers, and in a considerable
degree enriching to the Landowners. Though
the extent and employment of our shipping
have been enlarged, the Shipping Interest)

from the low rate of freights, like the farmers
from the low prices of produce, are far from
being in a prosperous condition. Though the
produce of our Colonies has been augmented/
the Colonists complain that the only result to
them is ruin. Though our manufactures are in
great activity, the manufacturers are generally
speaking in a situation of difficulty and danger,
and their labourers are either subsisting on the
poors rate, or engaged in incessant toil for a
scanty and insufficient remuneration. The God
vernment, certainly are in no way to blame for
all this disorder andsdi3appointment. It is ,01-
dent for them to shew that their measures have not

had the effect of confining or limiting the pro-
duction of wealth. This the Author of the Pam-
phlet has triumphantly established. It is for the
people themselves to devise the means of coun-
teracting the principles which lead to so much
confusion, and which evidently wrest from them
the fruits of their industry ;—and Government/
we may be assured, will cheerfully give its aid
in carrying any rectifying measures into effect. •

• The Irish Papers received this morning do not
contain any further particulars of the unhappy
affray between the Clonakilty Yeomanry and

the riotous peasantry, in which the Officer com-
manding the Yeomanry thought it necessary for
the safety of his party to shoot one of his pri-
soners. The Dublin Correspondent, however,
and the Cork Mercantile Chronicle, take nearly
the same view of this unfortunate business as 0 at
which we presented to our Readers yesterday•
The Editor of the latter paper expresses a doubt

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