The Sun.
London, England, 1825-08-24 00:00:00

HYDROPHOBIA.

Ma. Enrrou—Being an idle medical man, 1
consider it as a duty 1 owe mankind to endeavour
to counteract the injury which a Letter in your
Paper of the 17th is calculated to produce.

The Gentleman in that Letter endeavours to
persuade people that the canine species have not
the po‘i er of affecting mankind with Hydrophobia;
he draws his conclusions from an idea that every
species of animal have a clisti►:ct essence, varying
in organization, formation, and in economy ; and
that the dog is in all these respects dissimilar to
man. To this, I think, he will find few people
will agree, who understand the subject. Al-
though, in some respects, the formation of a dog
differs considerably from the human species, in
many of the essential points they are alike. The
circulation of the blood is carried on by the same
means—the influence of -the lungs—the nourish-
ment is received through the stomach and in-
testines—their muscles are acted upon by similar
nerves—and their natural food is nearly the
same. From these and a variety of other cir-
cumstances, I differ entirely in opinion with the
said Gentleman. I conceive that many disorders
which are common with the brute creation, and
,which we cannot easily investigate, have mdro
nnalogy to diseases of mankind than is generally
imagined—not that I think this has much to do
with the propagation of the disease in question.
We know that many plants and stings of insects
and reptiles, when introduced into the circulation
of man, either by a wound, or into the stomach,
produce variety of disorders; and they have the
same effect on almost all animals, which we have
not knowledge sufficient to account for. We
might as well deny their effect as to deny that
the dog has the power of conveying to man
the rabid disorder commonly called Hydro-
phobia. We also know that the cow has the
power of infecting man with a disorder which
renders him incapable of receiving the small
poi, or at least of mitigating the effects of it ;
and yet the cow, from being a trl-anivorous ani-
mal, is more dissimilar than the dog to man.
I firmly believe that in countries where rabid
animals are not very common, as in this, Many
people are supposed to be laboring under Hydro-
phobia, and are treated as such, when these dis-
orders arise solely from the dread and apprehen-
sion of the terrible malady, for which there exist
no grounds whatever, and it is owing to dogs
being thought rabid when they are afflicted with
other disorders—this accounts for the number of
erroneous cases and opinions that we see publish-
ed. A few of this description I think are con-
tained in the Gentleman's letter.

I am confident that no sensible man has ever
seen a person die in a fit of Hydrophobia, and
afterwards doubted its existence, or that the
canine species have power of conveying it. I
have often painfully witnessed it in a country
where the disorder is common, and I am so
thoroughly convinced of the truth of its existence
that I am anxious people should not be deceived
by the letter alluded to; it might have the bad-
effedt of preventing persons bitten by a rabid
animal-from applying for relief in time, and I can
solemnifvouch from Ton g experience, that pro-
' phylactus are known. And I sincerely believe
that after the horrid fit once comes on, no remedy
is at present known.
PHILANTHROPOS.

- P. S.—l wish to recommend the writer of the
letter on Hydrophobia to read the account of
that disorder in a pamphlet entitled " Indian
Field Sports," which will refer him to cases pub-
lished in a medical periodical work, and which
ought to convince him that he is wrong.

MANCHESTER, AUG. 19.

(Delon the Rev. C.W.ETIIELST ON, and .T. BaIERLEY, Esq.)

A CUItIOUS CASE.

Mr. George Fletcher, a most respectable man,
the landlord of the Griffin public-house, at Chectham, appeared
to a summons at the instance of the Rev. C. W. Ethelston, to
answer a charge of allowing tippling in his house, or rather,
according to the summons with which he had been served, " for
having, on the Itlth instant, artfully, knowingly, and designedly
permitted a large number of persons—to wit, twenty—to sit and
continue tippling and drinking in his dwelling-house, and
taking part in their drunkenness."
The case was introduced by Mr. Edmiston himself, who
said to his clerk, Mr. Rutter, " o—we'll have that case now;"
and pulling out his pocket-book, called out at least half a
dozen names.

Mr. James Howard, one of the witnesses called then came
forward.

Mr. ETHELSTON then put leading questions to this gentle.
man, which, with the replies of the witness, were of so little
consequence, that Mr. Edward Owen, who appeared as advo-
cate for Mr. Fletcher, did not cross-examine the witness.

Mr. ETHELSTON then called Mr. Darnell, a surgeon, who,
in reply to questions put to him by Mr. Ethelaton, the presid-
ing Magistrate, said that he came to a man oil the bowling_
green of Mr. Fletcher, whom he understood to have been hurt
by a fall. The man appeared to be unwell.
Mr. ETHELSTON then began to talk about thenian's having
been knocked down, and his having had liquor at Mr. Flet-
cher's house.

Mr. Owen objected to this mode of examining a witness,
because it was assuming facts which were not in evidence.
Mr. ETHELSTON then said to Mr. Owen, warmly, " I
won't be interrupted—there is too much of it here."
Mr. Owen replied, that it was his duty
.to, object to any
questiolmwhieh were irrelevant ter the thargi against his client,
and which assumed facts that could not be proved.
" Bring the waiter forward," Mr. ETHEL:3'I'ON then said.
The waiter appeared, and proved in substance that he began
to draw liquor at two o'clock in the afternoon, and continued to
do so until nine.

Mr. IiTIIELSTON then said " Now let me have Barlow,"
(another witness.)
Mr. J. Barlow then came forward, and in reply to questions
put-to him by Mr. Ethelston, said that he was bowling on the
green, hut did not see the man in question have any liquor, nor
did he see him knocked down ; he was too busy bowling to
notice any thing but what he was about.
Mr. E'CHELSTONE—" It is very well known in the neigh-
bourbood that the man was knocked down ; the parties don't
say all they said to me. It has been my business to investigate
this transaction, and from the previous information that re-
ceived, I have no doubt that the man was drinking there. The
case must be discharged, for it cannot be proved." The Rev.
Gentleman then read a lecture to Mr. Fletcher on the propriety
of keeping. a regular public-house, and then discharged him.
Mr. I3rierly appeared to take little part in this novel pro-
ceeding.

It is stated in a French paper, that at Torre-
villa-de-log-Cameros, in the district of Burgos, in
Spain, during a tempestuous storm, on the sth
great number of stones of large size were ult.a
discharged from the clouds upon the fields !
They in general weighed oz. each, but some
of them were heavier.

The French Papers of Monday are entirely
destitute of interest. They, in like manner as
the other foreign Journals, contain no intelligence
of moment from Greece. The extract we sub.
join relates to a misunderstanding between the
Greek Government and the Captain of a French
schooner, in reference to an alleged breach of the
neutrality of France to the latter :--

(From the Eioik, dated Monday.)
Pants, AUG. 21.
The Greek journal Tile Friend of the Laws, of the 20th of
June, publisheia letter from General Roche to the members
of the Executive Council of the Provisional Government of
Greece, and au answer from the Secretary-General Nano-
cordato.

The General calls on the Government to contradict what the
Hydra Journal had said against the Captain of a French
schooner,who waareproached with having behaved in a manner
as favourable to the fleet of the enemies of Greece as contrary
to the neutrality declared by France.

Alavrocordato spswersi thatthe General's letter shall be in.
terted In the krydra':/ournali and declares that the news pub-
lished ,in that 4ourndl is neit,Yter official nor commanded by the
Government.

He adds, that' the Greek Government is persuaded, even
should there be any unfounded susOcions against the Captain
of the Arnaranthe, of having cnnveyed money belonging to
Ibrahim Paella, that it is impossible the French Ministry
should ever have given such s permission.
" It is with the same conviction," adds Mavrocordato,
" that I express on the part of my Government the gratitude
due to the humane sentiments which animate the French nation
towards Greece."

While the Secretary-General of the Greek Government ex-
presses himself in this manner at Napoli di Romania, the Con-
stitutionnsl insults at Paris the French Government, and dares
to suspect it of having violated the neutrality which it has of
declared. We refer the Conatitutiounel to the circular of
General Guilleminot to all our Consuls in the Levant. It will
there see what was in these circumstances the language of
France. Tile Thrmistocles, a merchant vessel, which arrived
at Cadiz, had for a figure-head a bust of Buonaparte, which
was extremely like. It was also adorned with a large Imperial
Eagle, attached to two crosses, surmounted' by a garland, and
bordered with little eagles, and in large letters the inscription
Le Heros du Siecle.

Some sailors of the ex-Imperial Guard, and a detachment of
Infantry, in the Sanatory service, all soldiers and sailors, would
probably have destroyed the insignia, had not the brig suddenly
departed.

It is false that, as the Constitutiounel mays to-day, some shot
have been exchanged between an English vessel and an Aus.
trian. The Lord High Commissioner, it is true, has been on
board the Austrian Commander, but the departure of the Eng-
lish vessels frot•.l Corfu was occasioned by as Algerine frigate.

The Frankfort Papers to the 17th August
came to hand this day. We make the subjoined

extract :

SWITZEICLAND,—AUG. 13.
In the Sitting of the Diet on the 4th of this month, it ap-
peared from a dethiled report of the Deputy of the Canton of
Vaud, respecting the affair of the Dappenthel, that no progress
whatever has been made in it, and that the restitution of it by
France, according to the decision of the Vienna Congress, has
not been obtained, though otherwise the rectification of the
frontiers with France is as good as completed. With an ener-
getic reservation of the rights of the Confederation and of the
Canton of Vaud to the Dappenthal, which the presiding Can-
ton is constantly to maintain in conformity with the preceding
resolutions of the Diet, it is authorised and commissioned to
renew on every favourable occasion its efforts to procure an
amicable adjustment of this disagreeable affair.

llA:sißuncm, AUG. 19.—Exchange on London, 35. 11f. ;
tvo months, 35. 84.
VIENNA, Au°. 10.—Three months, 9. 3 S.

The Nuremburg correspondent to the 16th
August, arrived this day, we submit the sub-
joined extract, relating to the state of affairs
in Spain to the notice of our Readers. If
the contents are true, it would appear that
better things are in store far that distracted coun-

try, and that, in a portion of it at least, improve-
ment has begun. It is hardly to he expected,
however, that this improvement will extend itself
to the nation at large, unless the advantages re-
sulting from the system pursued by the new
Captain-General of Catalonia shall force a con-
viction of its utility and excellence ,upon the mind
of the KING, and thus induce him resolutely

to adopt it in •preference to that line of policy
which he ha.; hitherto so obstinately and so un-

wisely followed.

FROM THE RHONE, AUG. 6.

Since the arrival of the new Captain General Marquis de
Campo Sagrado at Barcelona, the internal state of Catalonia
has essentially improved, and it is to be expected that this im-
provement will be rapidly progressive.—Campo Sagrado, who,
;during his previous administration, showed himself so mode-
rate and equitable, and whose measures were for the most part
revoked, or essentially modified by his successor, Curo, who
was wholly guided by the Exalted and the Clergy of the Arch-
bishop-of Tarragona, has begun by replacing every thing on
the same footing as it was under his former administration ;
but as his hands are not so tied as they were before, and the
present Ministry has given him unlimited powers with respect
to his administration, he can now, without giving offence,
make many new arrangements and regulations which he could
not think of before, because he was obliged at that time to take
care net to offend the Apostolic party at Madrid. But now that
, the state of things is changed, and he is on the most confiden-
tial terms with the Prime Minister Zea, and has besides ac-
quired the confidence of King Ferdinand, he is able to pro-
ceed straight forward in his own way. This is the
key to the very peaceable and moderate reaction which
now takes place in Catalonia. It is a peculiarly fortunate
circumstance for that province that a perfectly good smderstand-
ing prevails between him and the French Commander in Chief,
General Reizet; who was on very ill terms with his predecessor.
This misunderstanding gave rise to innumerable disputes,
which have now wholly ceased. The Ultras in Catalonia, who
are perfectly aware of all this, are, therefore, obliged to give up
all opposition to the present system, and to submit to circum-
stances. To this may be added, that the Bishop of Tarragona,
the most declared opponent of the moderate system, is entirely
incapacitated by his illness from interfering in State affairs; another
obstacle to which is, that he is in disgrace with the Ministry, and
even in danger of being criminally proceeded against for hisarbi.
trary proceedings—among others, his attempt to establish the In-
quisition in his diocese. It will, therefore, not be necessary for
the troops assembled at Perpignan to enter Catalonia to support
their countrymen and the Spanish Captain-General. The state
of Arragon is by no means so good. Party spirit is very active
there, and every thing is done to excite the Royal Volunteers in
the town, and the country people, against the Government,
The projected march of the fanatical peasants to Saragossa has
been prevented. On the other hand, Charles V. has already
been proclaimed in several districts of Arragon, for which rea-
son orders have been given to institute a legal investigation.

If there is any class of individuals, which in a
more especial manner than another deserves the
support and patronage of the public, or has better
claims to the highest considerations of the coun-
try, it is that class from which our Schoolmasters
iand Tutors are taken. The slightest reflection
displays at once all that we individually, and as
a nation, owe to them, for that indefatigable in-
dustry, and patient perseverance,. with which
they form the minds and cultivate the talents of
the rising generation of each succeeding age,
and instil into them those high principles
of virtue and honour, from which they may date
all the success and all the happiness of their after

lives.
Amidst a class so extended as this, it must
necessarily happen that many from unavoidable
evils, and frone circumstances peculiarly attach-
ing to their profession are the victims of poverty,
and plunged into the depths of misery and woe.
We cannot ali command success, and how patient,
how meritorious, how industrious soever we may
be, the storm may overtake us of a sudden, and
turn our house of joy into a house of woe
and mourning. Te alleviate these evils, to che-
rish such as May he the victims of misfortune,
the more successful of their brethren, (mindful
from what source their prosperity is derived,)
have associated themselves together to form a So-
ciety for the Relief of distressed Schoolmasters
and Ushers, and their Widows and Orphans.
It is this Society of Schoolmasters to which we
wish to direct the public attention, as one in an
especial manner claiming their attention, and
asking of their gratitude that encourage-
ment and support so excellent an Institu-
tion merits, Claims . like these every heart
must acknowledge—they are intimately inter-
woven with our brightest recollections, and
closely connected with our present condition,
as springing from the source whence all our
earliest impressions are derived, which stamped
; our characters, and marked us out for what we
are. These claims are however best advocated
by themselves in their address to the public, a
part of which we subjoin :
" These claims may be said to be founded, chiefly, on the
superior utility, and indeed paramount necessity, of the pro- 1
fession itself, and some peculiar evils, with which it is invari-
ably attended. Every man, who is now enjoying the pure de-
lights, and merited rewards of literature and science, cannot
but remember, with gratitude, the labours of the faithful and
assiduous Preceptor, who removed the rude barriers of igno-
rance, and laid the deep foundation of his pleasures and his
fame. The Statesman, who, by his wisdom and eloquence,
guides the helm of State; the Judge, whose learning and in.
corruptible integrity, enable him to interpret and administer
the laws of his country, with justice tempered with mercy; and
the Advocate, who vindicates, with resistless force, the cause of
the innocent and oppressed, can never forget the patient, hum.