The Sun.
London, England, 1838-11-27 00:00:00

IRELAND.

MEETING OF THE PRECURSOR SOCIETY.
The Irish Papers are principally occupied with the meeting
of the General Committee of the Precursor Society that took
place at the Corn Exchange, last Friday. At two o'clock
Mr. O'Connell made his appearance, and was greeted by the
plaudits of those persons present.
Mr. Seton, a barrister, was called to the Chair.
Mr. Ray then read the minutes of the proceedings of the
meetings held since the foundation of the Society.
Mr. O'Connell said—l had better now announce, that
after I have addressed you, and proposed the appointment of a
Committee, I mean to move an adjournment till one o'clock
on Monday next. On that day I will present to the Society
the chair of the Catholic Association.—(Cheers.) This So.
ciety is merely temporary, and, of course, it is but a temporary
loan of the chair I can give. Indeed, I would as soon part
with my life as with that chair, for I mean at my death to
leave it to my posterity, as an honourable proof of my services
to my country.—( Loud cheers.) On Monday, and regularly
once a week afterwards, there will be an acconnt given of all
the names received up to that day. I suppose that against
Monday we will have received 4001. or 5001.
Some subscriptions were handed in, and some new mem-
bers admitted. Mr. Steele then addressed some remarks to
the meeeting, which were received with loud and long-con-
tinued cheering. He concluded in these words—" Ye men
of Ireland—my countrymen !—the Catholic Association is
dead; the General Association is dead ; but the two bodies
together have infused themselves into the Precursor Associa-
tion, as it exists at this moment in its accumulated vitality and
intelligence."
Mr. O'Connell then rose. He addressed the meeting at
great length ; but as the topics which formed the materiel of
the Hon. and Learned Gentleman's speech have been ren-
dered familiar to the public by almost daily repetition, a few
extracts from it will probably satisfy our readers.
Mr. O'Connell began by stating that lie was an agitator of
38 years standing, and afterwards insisting on a perfect equa-
lization of rights. He observed—
" I know not if there be the good sense in England to give
us such equalization ; but I do know that there is enough of
patriotism in Ireland, if they refuse us, to obtain a Repeal of
the Union."

This declaration, as well as almost every word uttered by
the Hon. Gentleman was received with loud cheers.

Referring to the reception he met with on his tour of agita-
tion, Mr. O'Connell stated that the ardour and enthusiasm
evinced towards him by the people, were great beyond de-
scription.
" Within the last fortnight, I have travelled," said he,
" through Ireland fully 1,000 miles. From village to village,
in my route, the cry was taken up of liberty, and justice to
Ireland. The men left their work, the women ran from their
domestic employment, the children started from their sports to
greet me, and men, women, and children all joined in shouting
out my name. The newspapers have told you how the
wealth and intelligence of Ireland met me in hundreds
at the festive board ; they have told you that Peers of
the realm have presided on such occasions ; they have
showed youlthat from the Learned Prelate to the merest
layman, from the Peer to the poor man—Peers, Prelates,
and people—all have proclaimed their determination to join
with me, and not to desist from their exertions until we obtain
the perfect equality which we desire. We never had anything
like it before in Iceland. In the Catholic Association we had
but 14,000 members. In the General Association we had not
half as many. In the Precursor Society we have now enrolled
100,000. On illouday next we will nearly have our first mil-
lion.—( Hear.) I must have the other. Without two mil-
lions we could not approach Parliament with the tone and tem-
per that we ought."
Mr. O'Connell declared that Ireland would new join Eng-
land in demanding the Ballot.
" The people of, at all events, three provinces of Ireland
will, if they do not otherwise grant it, tell the Ministry that
their Representatives will no longer lend them their support if
in return they do not advocate the Ballot. If they wish well
to Ireland they will take up the question of the Ballot with
spirit. They will thus make themselves popular with
,the
English, while they are just to all portions of the empire.'
Speaking of the Established Church, Mr. O'Connell said—
" We will no longer submit to be obliged to contribute to
the overgrown revenues of the Church of not more than one-
tenth of the population." " I assert, too, that in strictness
our Church has a right to the revenues which are now pos-
sessed by the Established Church. But we may waive a right,
so matter whether that right confer an advantage or a disad-
vantage. And in this instance we do waive it, for we do not
consider it any advantage. The people of Ireland will never
consent to have their beloved Clergy paid, for they know that
it would make them idle, lazy, and proud; that it would make
them disposed to quarrel with the people, and that it would
create in them the same hatred to the people and their interests
that at present characterises the Clergy of another Church."
After condemning Mr. Sharman Crawford's " improper
tnd impolitic" conduct in the North, Mr. O'Connell reiterated
his allegation that England had no sympathy with Ireland:—
" We have against us in England a spirit of hostility un-
equalled at any former period, or at least only equalled in the
atrocity of the conduct which it produced. The English
Newspapers have taken up my expressions with regard the
hatred ,Ahich I allege exists there towards Ireland. Ido not
oare. Ido not mean to shrink from my words. Ido not
;pink I spoke strongly enough upon the subject. lam aware
that we will have plenty of lip service. But show me where
the English will exert the real power which they possess to
')enefit us in our behalf. Show me any party, any class, from
which we may expect ary benefit. Not from the Aristocracy,
not from the Press, not from any great section of the people.
The people of Ireland understand the hostility of the English
towards them, and they know well that from them there is no
esource."

After dwelling on the little feeling the English generally
had for the Irish, and alluding to " the plunderings and
slaughterings" that were formerly perpetrated by Cromwell
in his progress through Ireland, Mr. O'Connell said—
.‘ I tell you that the same spirit still lives in England, and
that the Irish have no chance of justice except from their own
exertions, and by perpetual agitation."
The Hon. and Learned Gentleman then read the English
Radicals a lecture on their folly, their want of organization,
their love of declarations, their impracticability, and so forth.
Why, too, did they not select for leaders Durham and Radnor
in the Peers, Sir William Molesworth in the Baronets, and
Grote, Leader, Warburton, Hume, Williams (of Coventry),
Fielden (of Oldham)General Johnson, Scholefield and Thomas
Attwood (of Birmingham)?
As to organization " I must make it perfect in every re-
spect before I desist for a moment from my present career. I
thought to have returned again to the enjoyment of my moun-
tain home, and to remain for even a week or two longer
amongst those dear friends and native mountains, where I
could live, as it were, in an elysium of delight ; but I feel
now that there is so much to be done that I must remain at
my post until I convince the Tories that they can never again
get into power, and show the Whigs that there is a power be-
hind them that will sustain them in their efforts to do justice
to, Ireland. I cannot desert my post here until Igo to Par-
liament armed with bills and petitions, with which I will load
the tables of the House of Commons."
Mr. O'Connell declared that he was shocked at the way in
which his requisition for a greater number of Irish Representa-
tives had been treated in England. Having a right to send
170, but consenting to a compromise which would give Ireland
150 Members. " Can anything," asked Mr. O'Connell, "be
more haughty than the refusal of the English Liberal Press to
argue the ?natter with me?"

As to the Radical addre3ses:from England, we have re-
ceived them from two places. One of them is from New-
castle. upon- Tyne ; but we hold no communion with them, for
they have been guilty of an overt act of treason. The other
address is from one hundred Radical delegates, and we must
treat them with respect."
Mr. O'Connell concluded his speech by moving the ap-
pointment of a Committee of fifteen, to prepare an address to
the Radicals of England, and that they be requested to report
on Monday next, at one o'clock.
The resolution was carried, and a Committee appointed.
Mr. O'Mara was then moved to the chair, thanks were
given to Mr. Seton, and the meeting adjourned till one o'clock
on Monday.

The Duke and Duchess of Beaufort had a large
party to dinner on Sunday evening, at their residence in
Arlington-street ; among the guests were the Earl and
Countess' of Tankerville, Lord and Lady Fitzroy Somerset,
his Excellency General Alava, Hon. Colonel and Mrs.
Anson, Hon. Miss Somerset, Mr. Erringtor, Colonel Arm-
strong, Mr. Luttrell, Mr. Greville, &c. Covers were laid
for 16.

The following are the names of the three gentlemen
who obtained the botanical prizes of the present year at
Apothecaries' Hall:—Mr. Raper (University College),
gold medal ; Mr. R. P. Dodd (King's College), silver
medal, and five vols. books ; Mr. Boughton Kingdon
(King's College), the hooks, five vols. The books were
De Uandolle's two works, " Orgonographee Vegetale," two
vols., and " Physiologic Vegetale," three vols.—Medical
Gazette.

An inquest was held yesterday afternoon, at St.
Bartholomew's Hospital, on the body of a boy named
Hicks, aged fourteen, whose death was alleged to have
arisen from ill-treatment on the part of his relatives. It
appeared from the evidence that about a fortnight ago de-
ceased vas received into the hospital with a severe wound
on the head, which appeared to have been inflicted by
means of some blunt instrument. The wound was not in
itself apparently of a dangerous character, and the lad ap-
peared to be getting better, when erysipelas supervened,
which proved fatal on Saturday last. The deceased, it was
said, lived with nis sister in Plumtree-street, Holborn, and
on the day when the wound was inflicted had been guilty
of some trifling offence. The sister attempted to strik hint
on the back with a common earthenware plate which she
held in her hand at the time, but in endeavouring to avoid
the blow, the boy's head came in contact with
the edge of
the plate, and the wound in question was the result. The
surgeon who made a post mortent examination of the body
attributed death to inflammation, resulting from the wound.
The question for the Jury to consider was, whether the
woman had intended to do the lad any bodily arm, but,
although it was stated that she had not been very kind to
him at all times, it did not appear that she had struck him
with any evil design. She had been taken into custody
im-
mediately on the death of the boy. The Jury, after some
hesitation, returned a verdict of "Accidental Death," and
he woman was discharged, with an admonition The de-
ceased was an orphan,

LATEST NEWS FROM THE UNITED
STATES AND CANADA.

(From New York Papers received to the Ist inst. inclusive.)
(From the New Yorh Times.)
CANADIAN RUMOURS.—The Upper Canada Papers
came to us fraught with rumours of " conspiracies"' And
" combinations," said to be in progress on our frontier, andP
indeed throughout the States bordering on the British Co-
lonies, which are to eventuate, we are told, as the winter
advances, in a grand piratical crusade of the refugees,
backed by the cohorts of armed " sympathizers" against
British rule and all who uphold it in the Canadas.
That there are scattered along the northern and eastern
boundary line a considerable number of desperate men—
refugees, smugglers, and others—who, having neither pro-
perty nor capital to lose, are ready for any enterprise which
presents a prospect of plunder, we believe and know ; but
that these form a large organised body banded together by.
solemn oaths, and furnished with arms and the munitions,
of war, as represented by a certain portion of the Cana
dian Press, we do not believe.
(From the New York Times, Oct. 30.)
THE CANADAS.—Advices of the escape of Theller and
Dodge have been received in Quebec. Rodier, one of the
refugees, for whose seizure Lord Gosford offered a reward
of 5001., has returned to Alontteal.
" Quebec, Monday evening, six o'clock.
" I have just learned that an express arrived about an
hour ago with some serious desptches to his Excellency.
It is said that Major-General Macdonnell has received
a letter from Theiler this morning, announcing his safe ar-
rival on the other side of line 45 deg."
The twenty thousand scoundrels who, according to the
Kingston Chronicle, are about to invade Canada from the
United States, are multiplying their numbers with the
rapidity of Falstaff's " men in buckram suits." The To-
ronto Patriot of the 23d inst. says that the Colonial Go-
vernment have received information from the most authen-
tic sources that an extensive combination exists along the
whole of the American frontier, from Vermont to Michi-
gan, for the invasion of this country instanter : and that not
less than 40,000 of the rabble of the States are united by
secret oaths to attempt its subjugation, with an express un-
der.4tanding that their only pay will be unlimited licenses
FOR PLUNDER throughout its whole extent ! ! !
Ilere is an announcement " full of sound and fury," but
as the next sentence shows, " signifying nothing."
" We have," continues the alarmist, " no authority be-
.yond mere rumour for this statement, but we know that the
Government and Council are daily occupied on the best
means to avert the threatened calamity, and have the beat
reason for believing that a strong military force will be
raised for our protection."
We are sick of these " rumours," which, however, fortu-
nately carry with them an antidote for the venom they dis-
play in their self-evident absurdity.

NEW YORK MONEY MARRET.—Nov. 1.
(From the Commercial Intelligeneer.)
United States Bank shares declined to 102 i dollars perms
share yesterday, and all other descriptions offered ; there-
was less firmness among holders and not so much anxiety
among buyers to operate as the day previously. Delaware
and Hudson receded 1 per cent., Mohawk 1, Paterson 1,
Harlem li, and Stonington 1 to 2 per cent., which
brings the state of the market back to the position in
which it stood on Monday.
Five thousand dollars worth of 6 per cent. Treasury
Notes were sold yesterday at the Board, at a per
cent. premium.
The demand for Foreign Exchange on England and
France has been mostly supplied by the Bank of the
United States, at 1093; per cent. on the former and M. 20c.
on the latter.

SALES AT THE STOCK EXCHANGE, OCT. 31
11 Shares United States Bank l2l
50 do. do.
50 do. do. s. 30 ds.
260 Do. Mechanics' Bank
50 Do. Phoenix Bank lo4i:
175 Do. do.
15 New Orleans Canal Bank 92
25 Delaware and Hudson Canal Co.
100 Do. do. s. 10 ds 72i
100 Do. do.
25 Do. do. s. n. w.... 72.
250 Do. do. t. w.
50 Shares American Trust C 0... ll5
100 Do. do. s. 6 m
50 Do. do. b. 60 ds.
10 Ohio Life and Trust Co.
150 Kentucky Bank
150 Illinois State Bank, s. 30 ds.
320 Vicksburgli Bank • 78
10 Mohawk Railroad
10 Paten on Railroad
50 Harlem Railroad
100 1.,. _.. _ 55

_
10 New j,:;ey Railroad lo2i
14 Sf)rmingto.n c.::
250. Do. do. ..... 431
10 Long Island Railroad ....., 7sf
15 Auburn and Syracuse do.

LORD DURHAM.—The inhabitants of Plymouth.
and Dcvonport are preparing addresses to the Earl of
Durham, in expectation of his immediate landing there.
DEATH BY EATING FISH.—On Saturday, Noy
10th, as Mrs. Samwell, wife of Mr. Samwell, sadler, &c.,
of Aspley Guise, near Woburn, was eating some fresh her—
ring, a bone got entangled in ber throat, by which she was.
obliged to send for Dr. Parker, of that place, an eminent
surgeon, who made every effort to extricate the bone, but
to no effect. An inflammation took place, and in two days
terminated her existence, leaving a disconsolate husband and
five children to deplore their loss.

THE DUKE.—Ort the return of the expedition
from Hanover, Major-t enerai Sir Arthur Wellesley was
appointed to the command of a brigade of infantry stationed
at Hastings, in the Sussex district, to the discipline, ma-
noeuvre, and minute details of which he paid the most
scrupulous attention. An intimate friend having remarked
in familiar terms to him, when at Hastings, how he, having
commanded armies of 40,000 men in the field, having re-
ceived the thanks of Parliament for his victories—and
having been made Knight of the Bath, should submit to
be reduced to the command of a brigade of infantry ?
" For this plain reason," was his answer, " I am niminuk-
wallah, as we say in the East ; that is, I have ate of the
King's salt, and, therefore, I conceive it my duty to serve
with unhesitating zeal and cheerfulness, when and wherever
the King or his Government may think proper to employ
me." This maxim has the more force, from there being
officers in the army who, unfortunately for them, having
declined subordinate employ, from flattering themselves
with superior pretensions, have repented their decision dur-
ing their professional lives ; and it is for this reason that
the compiler has presumed to draw the attention of those
who may hereafter be placed in similar circumstances to
the great military principle, as well as to the example of
the Duke of Wellington.—Gurwood's Despatches of the
Duke of Wellington.
A paragraph has recently been published in the
Papers, stating that a'police-officer had gone to America to
apprehend William Hubbard, who was charged with the
murder of Eliza Grimwood, in consequence of fresh evi-
dence having been obtained against him. It appears, how-
ever, that there is no truth in the statement, and a letter
from Hubbard himself appears in a Morning Paper of yes-
terday, in which he asserts that he has not quitted Eng-
land since the murder.

An inquest was held last night at Horsleydown, on
the body of Charles Freeman, a native of Gloucester, who
was found in the streets, on Saturday evening, in an ex-
hausted condition and conveyed to the workhouse, where
he died in the course of the night. The body presented a
very emaciated and haggard appearance, but in the state
in which the man was at the time of his adinission to the
workhouse nothing definite could be learned respecting his
circumstances. No money was found on his person. He
stated that he was a smith by trade, and had come to 1.04-
don in search of work. Verdict—" Natural death."
An inquest was held yesterday in Hoxton, on the
body of a youth named Ryall, who died on Friday last, in
consequence, as was alleged, of a wound inflicted by
fellow-apprentice, named Marsh. The only witness who
was present at the time of the occurrence was a boy about
twelve years of age, who stated most positively that Marsh
did not stab deceased, but merely held his hand out to
show him that he had a penknife in it. On the other hand
it was stated that, when prisoner was confronted with the
wounded lad, he admitted having stabbed him, and pleaded
in justification that he had been annoying him. A surgeon
deposed that death had resulted from inflammation of the
wound, and stated that the penknife belonging to prisoner,
and now produced, was an instrument which would have
inflicted such a wound. The Jury, having expressed a wish
that the boy (Marsh) should be favourably recommended
e gMa
taenfsol Manslaughter''
utgr
trial.
r
atogainthste
him,Jud gaen,drehteurwnaesdcoammveartdiertooNf
SINGULAR DISCOVERY.—A few days ago a most
unexpected discovery took place of a charter, granted to
the Borough of Salford, in the reign of Stephen, and which.
has been missing for about 120 years. A letter, written
by the late John Byrom, Esq., of Manchester (author of
the short-hand system), baying been fortunately preserved,
has no doubt led to this result. The letter in question
was addressed to the late Dr. Whittaker (author of the
" History of Manchester") to whom there was reason to
suppose the charter had been lent, for the purpose of in.
serting it in hi▪ s celebrated work. It appears that the
grandfather of the present law clerk to the Salford Com-
missioners, Mr. Cooke, was the law clerk about that pe-
riod, and it havi▪
ng been suggested that, perhaps, it might be
found amid an immense mass of documents, connected with
the business of the office, search was made, and thus the
original charter found It is a very brief document.