The Sun.
London, England, 1822-04-17 00:00:00

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preparations for war having, during the whole of
that, period, been pursued with great activity by
the Turks.

These preparations are not yet completed, and
in all probability, if the death of ALI PACHA had
not intoxicated the Sultan and his Ministers, the
rejection of the Ultimatum would not have so soon
been communicated to the Mediating Powers.
We have reason to believe that the English and
Austrian Ministers at Constantinople are indefa-
tigable in their efforts to induce the. Sultan to re-
consider the Ultimatum, and we know from good
authority with little prospect of success. Indeed
the single fact of the Turkish troops in Moldavia
and Walachia having been strongly reinforced,
clearly spews the determination of the SULTAN
to persevere in his rejection of the Ultimatum,
the principal condition of which is the evacuation
of those two Principalities by the Turks.
if local difficulties had not prevented the Rus-
sians from taking the field, the Note of the Reis-
Effendi, which rejected the Ultimatum, would
have been considered by the Russians as tanta-
mount to a declaration of war, and we should ere
this have heard of the commencement of hostili
ties.

The extraordinary wetness of the last
winter in every part of Europe will prolong those
difficulties, and we should not be surprised
if hostilities were necessarily delayed till next
month ; for in the war of 1769, the army of Prince
GALITZIN did not pass the Dniester to attack
the lines of Choczim until the 26th of April,—
the campaign of 1770 did not begin till May,—
that of 1771 opened at the same time,—and it
was only about the end of June 1773, that the
Russians crossed the Danube to undertake the
siege of Silistria. In 1774, ROMANZOW only
passed the Danube on the 16th and 17th

of June, and with this Campaign the war
terminated, peace being signed on the 26th
of July 1774. We therefore think that
four or five weeks may yet elapse before
war takes place, unless hostilities should begin
by sea ; and in the mean time the public will be
amused with negociations, for the Mediating
Powers will continue to interpose their good
offices to prevent a war, in our opinion, without
success. We give extracts from French and Ger-
man Papers in a preceding column.

There is only one point of view in which we
contemplate the breaking out of a Turkish war
with regret. While we shall rejoice at the cer-
tainty of the emancipation of Greece from the
barbarous rule of the Porte, we cannot but be
sensible that the attention of the English
Government and Public will necessarily be

diverted, by the interest and importance always
attached to great warlike operations, from
the consideration of those momentous ques-
tions of domestic policy which have of late
formed the subjects of grave and anxious delibe-
ration in Parliament,—and that, too, at a mo-
ment when it was reasonable to entertain hopes
of extensive improvements being effected in the
condition of the people. The agricultural dis-
tress,—the state of Ireland,—the claims of the
Catholics,—the demands of the Reformers,—
the Criminal Laws,—the Poor La ws,— the
CivilList,—the regulation of foreign trade,—
the operation of taxes, &c. &c. are amongst the

subjects which stand for discussion in the House
of Commons, and from the consideration of which
it is most desirable that the wisdom of the Legis-
lature should not be diverted.

A file of Charleston Papers arrived this morn-
ing, but they are of old dates.

TREASURY CHAMBERS, DEC. 5, 1821.

Admission of British Glass Bottles in Medicine Chests, &C.,
when returned from the Continent, Duty Free.

GENTLEMEN,-1 am commanded by the Lords Commis-
sioners of his Majesty's Treasury to transmit to you, for your
information, a Copy of a Letter which their Lordshipshae di-
rected to be written to the Board of Eicise, on the subject of the
practice which prevails of charging Duty on Glass Bottles,
found in Dressing Cases and Medicine Chests of travellers ar-
riving from the Continent, although the Glass is of British Ma-
nufacu7e, and I am to desire you will instruct your Officers

accordingly. S. R. LUSHINGTON.
To the Commissioners of Customs.

IRELAND.--It is two or three months since we
first pointed out the scarcity of food for the sup-
port of the peasantry in the southern districts of
this distracted country. A benevolent Corre-
spondent, under the signature of 'C An English-
man and a Freeman of Cork," immediately called
the attention of the public to so distressing a
state of things for our fellow-subjects in the Sis-
ter Island, and endeavoured to lead the way in
a subscription for purchasing potatoes, in order
to avert the horrors of famine with which the
Irish poor were threatened. We are sorry to
say that this humane and judicious proceeding
miscarried, chiefly, we presume, from an impres-
sion existing upon the public mind that the
distresses of the Irish peasantry were exagge-
rated. It is difficult ctherwise to account for

the apathy with which the proposition to save a
people from the greatest calamity with which
they can be visited, was received by the English
public, so justly eminent for its promptitude in
obeying the dictates of benevolence, and its mu-
nificent liberality in appeasing the cry of dis-
tress. Succeeding accounts, however, have fully
proved the accuracy of our early information. In
Cork, the arrival of a single cargo of potatoes
has been hailed with transports of joy. In
Bantry, the Noble Earl who has rendered so
much service to the state in repressing the insur-
rection, thought it necessary to hold a public
meeting, in order to devise means for relieving
the extreme wretchedness of the poor in that
quarter. Notwithstanding this humane example,
such is the distraction in which the Gentry are
involved by the turbulence and ferocity of the
people, and such, perhaps, are their own pecu-
niary embarrassments, from the difficulty of ob-
taining rents, &c., that similar measures have not
been adopted in other places. It is, however,
absolutely indispensable that something should be
done, either by the Goveanment or by those classes
of the people who have the means of alleviating
the deplorable condition of the peasantry. The
actual and prospective wretchedness of the miser-
able population ►s beyond description. A letter
from the County of Clare states, that the failure
of the potatoe crops has been even greater than
was some time since thought; and not only potatoes,
but oats, barley, and hay, have been rotted in
such quantities, that a large proportion of the
peasantry are reduced even already to the ex-
tremity of want. In the western parts of the
county the cattle are dying by hundreds ; and
the cry of distress is heard from one end of the
country to the other. Limerick, Kerry, Cork,
Galway, and Mayo, all participate in the evil,
though not so severely, perhaps, as Clare.—
Famine, and its certain consequences, pestilence,
and an aggravation of the outrages, seem to be
inevitable, unless speedy and effectual measures
are adopted to prevent that extremity of misery
and starvation which is about to take place.—
The poor are literally without a sufficient sup-
ply of food ; and unless they are furnished with
it, nothing, of course, can restrain them from acts
of the greatest violence and desperation.

YOUNG WATSON.-Ifaving yesterday inserted
an extract of a letter from Baltimore, which stated
that young WATSON had been convicted of
various crimes at Nashville, and had been sen-
tenced to be hanged; we think it an act of justice
and humanity to add that his father has written
a long letter, expressing the strongest doubts
of the truth of the relation, and stating a
number of circumstances which certainly tend
to discredit it in a very material degree.—
Amongst them, he says that his son did not
marry POYZEICS daughter,—that it is known
that another man had taken his name and per-
sonated him for the purpose of extorting money,
—that there is evidence that he has been en-.
gaged respectably in business,—and that the laws
of America do not punish with death the crimes
of which his son is said to have been convicted.
The poor man, however, seems to be truly
shocked at the mere possibility that such a fate
has befallen his son. While we state this in
respect for feelings which do him honour,
we cannot refrain from expressing our sorrow,
that, after what passed during the memorable
irruption from Spafields, the Doctor's perception
of right and wrong should be so 'perverted, that
he considers his son to have been remarkable for
his high sense of honour,—his strict morality,—
his sensibility,—and his warm and generous sym-
pathies for the distressed and forlorn of every
class ! It would be painful to us as well as to
the father to dwell upon these topics at this
moment.

On Friday, at two o'clock, his MAJESTY will
hold a Levee at Carlton House.

Yesterday the Duke of YORK held a Levee as
Commander-in-Chief at his office in the Horse
Guards, which was attended by upwards of fifty
military officer's, &c. Among whOm were—
General the Marquis Huntly, Major-General Bayley, Lieut.-
General Church, Lieutenant-General Sir William Hutchinson,
lajor-General Hill, Lieutenant-General. Sir John Stewart,
Major-General Sir John Cameron, Lieut.-General Strickland,
Lord Bingham, General Finch, General Sir Henry Johnston,
Lieut.-General Dyott, &c.
Yesterday, the Duchess of GLOUCESTER and
the Princess AUGUSTA visited the Duchess of KENT and the
Princess SOPHIA, at the King's Palace, Kensington.—On
Monday and yesterday, the Princess AUGUSTA had select par-
ties to dinner.

It appears from some documents which accom-
panied the American President's Message, given in our Paper
of the 10th instant, that M. RinADAviA, the Chief Minister
of Buenos Ayres, in reply to an overture from the United
States, stated to Mr. FORBES, the American Diplomatic
Agent, that it was the determination of his " Government to
grant no exclusive privileges of commerce to any nation what-
ever ;" and added, " that his most decided opinion was, that
no measure whatever ought to be taken to solicit an acknow-
ledgment of the independence of those provinces by any Go-
vernment—that such proceeding must operate, if unsuccessful,
to the humiliation of the provinces ; and, if successful, to mis-
lead the people by persuading them that such recognition was
at all sufficient to their political existence and happiness; that,
in his opinion, the most efficacious system would be to establish
order and wise institutions of Government throtighout the pro-
vinces, and to spew themselves worthy of the fiaternity of
other nations, when it would be voluntarily offered ; that such
voluntary recognition, in every point of view, would be much
more beneficial than that protection which should result from a
compromise of honour or interest." •
On Sunday, the 14th inst. an Ordination was

held at Winchester, by the Lord Bishop of HE-
REFORD, when the following Gentlemen were or-
dained—

PRIEST—The Rev. James Crowther, B.A. Jesus College,
Cambridge.
DEACOrrs.—Fred. De Vell Williams, B.A. Queen's College,
Cambridge ; Isaac Robley, B.A. Trinity College, Cambridge ;
E. P. Stock, A.B. Magdalen Hall, Oxford T. E. Duncumb,
A.B. Exeter College, Oxford.