The Sun.
London, England, 1822-04-01 00:00:00

SPAIN.

MADRID, MARCH 15.—A report has been
spread here for some days, that Porto Rico had
declared itself independent, and we received a
communication to this effect from Cadiz, which
stated the account to have been brought by a
French vessel from the Havanna!), but we ab-
stained from publishing it, for obvious reasons. By
the mail of to-day, we receive information that a
vessel had arrived in 43 days from Porto Rico
direct, which not only contradicts the report
that had been spread, but, on the contrary,
affirms that the best spirit prevailed in the Island
in favour of the Mother Country.

CADIZ, MARCH G.—The French frigate Victor
Amadeus has arrived here in 37 days from the
Havannah, and the Captain says that on the26th
of January, the ship of the line Asia, the Dia-
mante corvette, and Sorpresa brig, sailed with a
cony op of thirty merchantmen for various ports
of the Peninsula. The Reductor, on the au-
thority of a letter from the Havannah, says that
Panama has declared itself independent. Not
only the entrance of Laserna into Lima is con-
firmed, but also the retreat of San Martin to
Truxillo.

MARCH 9.—The Spanish vessel St. Ines, Cap-
tain Artigas, has arrived here in 44 days fr m
Porto Rico. He says there was nothing new at
the Island when he sailed. The Chief of the
Mulattoes and Negroes in the Spanish part of
St. Domingo was said to have marched against
those who hail proclaimed independence. From
the Terra Firma it was stated, that General
Aimerich had defeated Bolivar in the Province
of Socorro ; that Bolivar was killed, and Paez
elected in his room. Other successes of the
Spanish troops are spoken of in a letter from
Porto Rico of the 21st January ; but we are very
far, say our Journals, from warranting their au-
thenticity. The accounts from Vera Cruz are
only till the 9.,d of January.

MADRID, MARCH 16.—The people of Madrid
who, a week ago, feared to see disorder intro-
duced among the brave men to whom the pre-
servation of their tranquillity is entrusted, have
to-day enjoyed a sight calculated to calm all
fears, and to convince those who think to dis-
unite the troops, that all their artifices will be
in vain.

The passage of the 2d battalion of the Regi-
ment of Asturias through Madrid will form an
era in the annals of our liberty, and has revived
in the hearts of all patriots the gratitude which
the whole nation owes to those intrepid soldiers
who, on the celebrated Ist of January, 1820,
dared to pass sentence of death upon Despotim.
The passage of the 2d battalion of Asturias from
the Yentas of Alcorcon to that of the Holy
Ghost, resembled a real triumph. Never was
joy more pure, or free from disorders ; no one
was offended, either by words or deeds; and the
garrison and people of Madrid have shown on
this day that they know how to use with mode-
ration the just relaxations which are given them.
The true friends of liberty must be very grateful
to the Government which has procured them so
agreeable a day, and to the Cortes, which have
,so zealously executed the patriotic 'is ishes of the
Monarch. We repeat it—if those are capable of
being undeceived who have so often attempted
to sow discord in the National Army, they must
have been thoroughly convinced to-day, that the
cry of liberty of all the soldiers of the army is
one, and all the dissentions vanish, by which
they endeavoured to disunite them.
In the Cortes it had been decided on the pre-
ceding day, that the battalion shoald send a De-
putation to the Assembly ; on its being announced
the President, General Riego, begged leave to
resign his seat to the Vice-President, on account
of his own connection with the battalion : this,
after some conversation, he was allowed to do.
The Deputation being introduced, the Comman-
der of the battalion expressed his sense of the
honour done the battalion,, and protested its zeal
for the Constitutional System. The Vice-Presi-
dent made an appropriate reply, and presented
the copy of the Constitution in a mahogany chest,
which the Cortes had decreed to give to the bat-
talion, and which is to be read at the head of
the battalion every year, on the 16th of March,
in memory of the honour done, the battalion.
When the Commander of the battalion received
it, he took off the sabre which he wore, saying
" In receiving this august deposit from the hands
of the Representatives of the Nation, nothing is
more agreeable to me than to be able to present
them with this sabre, which was the first dis-1
played on the Proclamation of Liberty on the
Ist of January, 1820, in the hands of General
Riego." He delivered it to the Secretaries, and
the Vice-President replied, the Cortes received
with singular pleasure this Sabre, a monument of
the declaration of liberty, and a trophy of its fa-
vourite hero. The Cortes will dispose of it at
pleasure.
After the Deputation had retired, the Cortes
declared themselves satisfied, with the manner in
which the Committee had made these arrange-
ments ; it was resolved that the Sabre should be
deposited in the Sanctuary of the Laws ; that
the same Committee should fix OQ a proper place
for it ; and that a declaration should be made by
the Cortes, that the honour conferred on the
second battalion of Asturias was a mark of the
esteem due to the whole Spanish Army, for its
powerful aid in the establishment of the Consti-
tutional System,and that the Government should
communicate this declaration to all the corps, to
be read in front of the Standards.

FOR THE SUN.

TURKISH PERSECUTION OF CHRISTIANS.

MR. EDITOR—I send you the following extract
from an interesting work of MILLS, who seems to
have paid great attention to his' subject ; and,
I make no doubt, is very accurate in this account
which he gives of the savage hostility and impla-
cable rancour of the Turks, to all that bear the
name of Christ. Far am I from approving of
persecution in any form, on account of religious
opinion—for that would be to imitate the very
people of whom I complain ; but yet I cannot
help congratulating the present age on the fair
prospect of extirpating from the face of civilized
Europe an odious and oppressive power, which
has been so long suffered to domineer over Chris-

tians ; merely; because the other powers have
been too much engaged in defending themselves
from the inordinate ambition of one; Nv hom at
length, by a spirited confederacy, in which the
peoples' voice was •heard, they have vanquished,
and sent down to an untimely grave. Of wars,
it is true, and rumours of wars, we have
already had a surfeit—and a general peace
is the common interest of us all, which in
every age has been too much sacrificed to pri-
vate interest : but who that reads this passage
will not rejoice at the thought, that by a combi-
nation of secondary causes, and under the con-
trol of a superior power, an intolerant and abo-
minable government is now on the verge of ruin ;
and that there will soon be one country less, in
which to be called a Christian, is itself a sufficient
cause for violence, insult, and oppression ; and
this, too, in a region which was famed of old
as the first capital of established Christianity.

How should we raise our voices as one man with
a noble Lord, though in opposition on other
points, to congratulate the country on so glorious
a crisis ; whether it is to be " achieved by Rus-
sians or by Greeks, or by both combined." When
their energies urge them to the commencement
of a war, may they be permitted to continue it
without the interference of England : with us,
such a degraded people as the Turks can have no
bond of sympathy—their destruction must be a
general blessing ; not only-in points of commerce
or of policy, but of humanity and religion ; for
to spoil a nation that spoils others, and even its
own subjects, is not to invade, but to avenge the
rights of humanity ; and after what has been said
of their persecution of Christians, I need not say
how greatly such a crisis is to be desired for the
interests of Religion.

" In every part of Turkey Christianity is tolerated on certain
pecuniary conditions, and the insatiable avarice of the Turks is
the potent preservative of such Christians and Jews as dwell
among them. These infidels.are an inexhaustible treasure to
the Government and to powerful individuals, and protection is
dearly purchased. Indeed it is a principle. of Moslem law, that
infidels must pay double taxes to the State. The first effort of
Malionunedan education is to root in the minds of children an
abhorrence of Christians and Jews ; and infants 4tre taught to
distinguish them by the name of Ghiaour (a Persian word, sig-
nifying worshipper of fire). The Christians ace treated by the
hlahomuaedans vith.a.cruelty which varies itself in a thousand
forms. They'are.` interdicted from the pomp of processions,
the sound of bells or of psalmody, and every public demonstra-
tion of worship. In the cities of Islamism, the Christian must
erect no new churches,
.and heavy fines to the Government in-
crease the expense of repairing the old. The public and pri-
vate buildings of the Christians are measured by a diminutive
standard; in the streets and baths they must give way to the
meanest of the people ; their very dress is commanded to be dif-
ferent from that of the Moslems; and in but few cities dare they
violate the law by appearing on horseback. According to the

Mahommedan jurisprudence, Moslem may be put to death
for the murder of a tributary infidel ; but it would be difficult
for the friends of a murdered ChriStian to obtain legal justice.
The wives of the Musselinans must not associate with the wives
of Jews and Christians ; and a marl; must be set on the dwel-
lings of the infidels, in order that beggars who come to their
doors may not pray for them. In the greetings.of these dif-
ferent people, the word Salam is carefully avoided by the Tnrks
on account of its affinity to the sacred.words Eslam and Mos-
lem, and happy is the Christian if to the most courteous salu-
tation of his Mahommedan lord ,is not added the epithet of
infidel or dog." W. J.

COBBETT.

EDIT on.--Old Conntvr, the bone-grubber, paid a
visit to this city yesterday • and a pretty reception did this no-
torious impostor meet with ! For some time past, he had
caused it to be announced in our papers, that he would
on the 29th instant, " dine with the farmers of Norfolk,
and his friends of Norwich." But, after all the exertions of
the'noisy.fellow who acted the part of buffoon to the mounte-
bank on this occasin, to the honour of this large and popu-
lous city be it told, that though 33 persons tmost of them
labourers from the plough tail) were present, only nine of
its inhabitants could be found to put their feet under the
same table with the wretch who promulgated the plan " for
the'forgery and sowing of bank-notes ;" and even of those
nine not one could be induced to take the chair upon this
occasion. Never' was impostor treated with greater con-
tempt! If tho -old. fox expected to pick up any money by
this tramp into Norfolk, he must be wofully disappoint-
ea, The titiiens of Norwich are completely up to die old
body snatcher's tricks. They look upon him as engaged in
a desperate attempt to get a subsistence, and are not at all in-
clined to administer to his necessities. The little brochure
called Cobbat's Gridiron has had a great .circulation here:
This, is our market-day; and it is amusing to see the avidity
with which the farmers are buying them up.
As I consider the, reception which this detestable quack has
met with at the hands of the worthy citizens of Norwich affords
a useful example to 'other tpwriS, and cities, I hope you will
find room for this /hort• letter in your extensively circulated
paper. . I am, &c.
Norwich, March 30.

W. S.

MURDER OF M RS. 1J ONATTY."-Orl Friday night
a communication was made to Mr. TAYLOR, the vestry clerk
of St. George the Martyr, of a nature calculated to create a hope
that a satisfactory clue to murderers had been at length dis-
covered; and during the whole of Saturday, Mr. MiNsuuLt.
and Mr. HAIL, the Magistrates- of Bow-street, were diligently
einployed in investigating the evidence which was brought be-
fore them. The examinations were of course private,and the
result it would be extremely imprudent, with a view to the
ends of justice, to disclose. Ruthven and Ellis, two of the of-
ficers, were sent in pursuit of one of the suspected persons.—
In the course of the morning David Donatty, the nephew,
arrived at the office, in company with a hackney coachman,
and stated to Mr. NI INSHUL L, that he had heard there was a
man in custody in Spitalfields watch-house, who had confessed
himself to be the murderer. Mr. NI INsrtuLL immediately
sent one of his officers with thoSe persons to ascertain the foun-
dation for this report. On the return of the officer, he inform-
ed the worthy Magistrate that he had been to the watch house
in question, and there saw a man Who the night before had
certainly said that he was the murderer. It .turned out, how-
ever, that when he made this declaration he was iatoxtcated ;
and on coming to his senses, denied all knowledge of the affair.
He was taken before the Magistrate at AT orship•street, where
he again recanted his confession, and it was represented that
when he was drunk he was in a temporary derangement. He
was remanded until a more satisfactory account of his general
demeanour cau be obtained.

TIIE SUN.

SOLEM QUIS bICERE FALSUM AUDEAT ?

LONDON,
MONDAY, APRIL 1, 1822.

We have received this morning the Paris Pa-
pers of Thursday, which are chiefly occupied
with the proceedings of the Clkamber of Depu-
ties. In discussing the vote for the department
of Public Instruction, General FOY animadverted
on the late affair in the Jardin des Plantes,
and stated the important fact, that " Stu-
dents peaceably engaged in attending the
lectures of their Professors at the Jardin des
Plantes were attacked by the gendarmerie,
and driven by sabre blows into the gardens."—
This declaration was confirmed in all its parts
by the 'King's Minister of Public Instruction,
Baron CUVIER, who deplored the unfortunate
event, and said it arose entirely from mistake,
and that the Government were then investigating
all the circumstances. We have given extracts,
under the head of Foreign Intelligence, of the
discussion on this subject. The French Five per
Cents. closed on Wednesday at 90 f. 30 c. ; but
it appears by private accounts that they fell on
Thursday to 88 f. 85 c., more than one and a half
per cent., owing, it is alleged, to the discovery of
various alarming plots in the provinces.

We are still without decisive information on
the question between Turkey and Russia.—Pri-
vate letters from Trieste of the 15th ult. state, on
the authority of the master of a Greek vessel,
that an engagement has taken place between the
Turkish and Greek fleets, in which the latter
had the advantage, and succeeded in capturing
25 transports. The Greeks it is said had 75
sail, and the Turks only 60, none of which
were ships of war of the first class; and the
action was fought on the 3d, off Patras. '

Madrid Papers to the 19th ult. have been re,
ceived, from which we give extracts in a pre,
ceding column.

[Extract of a Letter from the Agent to Lloyd's at Constanti-
nople, dated 25th Februaiy.l
" The Britain, DEIGHTON, arrived on the 14th inst. from
Odessa, with tallow and hides, and cleared this day for Lon-
don. She was detained by the Government with a view to
enforce some regulation intended to check or entirely put a
stop to our trade in the article of tallow, but the representations
of the Embassy have, in this instance, been successful, though
the point is neither abandoned nor finally decided. Two ves-
sels arrived from the Danube with corn, under the French flag,
and have been seized by the Porte, on a charge of being impli-
cated in the massacre at Galatz last March.
" We continue in perfect tranquillity, but still in a state of
uncertainty as to our political relations.
" The head of ALI PLcH.o. has reached the capital, and
been exposed two days at the gates of the Seraglio. The .Janis-
sary AGA has again been deposed. A Sultan was born a few
days ago."

[Extract of a Letter from the Agents to
,Lloyd's at Smyrna,
dated I.sth February.]
"We continue to enjoy perfect trtnquillity. The Revolu-
tionnire frigate remains in our harbour. The Rase and Medina
sloops of war have sailed on a cruize ; they will call at Alex-
andria, and from thence return here."

New York Papers arrived this morning to the
11th March.

FROM PANAMA.—By the schooner Salina we
have received a file of Papers from Porto I3ello
of the 6th January, which contains the following
Commercial Regulations for the Isthmus, includ-
ing a Tariff of Duties on Imports and Exports :

(ABSTRACT.)
COMMERCIAL REGULATIONS FOR THE ISTHMUS

or PANAMA.
Art. 1. The ports of Panama, Charges, and Porto-Bello, re-
main free : Friendly and neutral vessels, with every kind of
merchandise, produce, and liquors, are permitted a free entry.
2. Master and Supercargoes shall, on arrival, deliver an ex-
act account of the number of packages on board, with their
marks and numbers, whether their own or belonging to passen-
gers.
3. These accounts shall be delivered to the Governor of the
place.
4. Every Master or Supercargo arriving at the port of Pana-
ma shall, within six days, either discharge, or quit the port :
Those arriving at Porto:Bello and Charges are allowed fifteen
days.
5. Strangers will not be permitted to transact their own
business, but must, on determining to sell their cargoes, name
a consignee, who is a citizen of Columbia, and has a commer.

cial establishment in one of the cities of the Isthmus, who shall
be responsible to the Custom-house for the duties.
_ .

6. Merchants, Captains, and Supercargoes, either foreigners
or belonging to any other state, shall be subject to the different
usages which the laws of the country provides.
7. The Manifests of Cargoes must express whether they are
intended for home consumption or exportation.
8. Duties are not required in advance, nor are securities on
exportation demanded.
9. All former duties, except such as are hereinafter esta-
blished, are abolished.
10. All the Custom House and Municipal Duties, as ap-
plied to their several objects, still exist ; Brandy and Wine
imported from the North and South, either foreign or domestic,
shall pay 2 dollars per barrel.
11. The existing Tariff is adopted for the present, until Go-
vernment can make a more suitable return.
12. The duties now paid on produce of free countries of the
Pacific still remain in full force and rigour.
[From the New York Paper of the 9th March.]
FROM MEXICO.—We learn by the Washington
City Observer that the Mexican Commodore,
EUGENIO CORTES, had arrived in that city from
Mexico, charged with an important commission
from his Government.

Don JUAN ANTONIO ALIEZILDE was shortly
to follow as an accredited agent. The Cartes
of Mexico was to assemble on the 24th February.

The Petition presented on Thursday night by
Mr. CANNING, from the Wrest India Merchants
and Proprietors at Liverpool, declares the princi;
pal cause of distress among the Planters to be
the depressed price of sugar, occasioned by the
successful rivalry of foreign colonies, which per-
severe in carrying on the Slave Trade. As this
evil cannot be removed by any peremptory de-
cree of our Government, the Petitioners suggest,
as a palliative measure, the promoting an in-
creased consumption in this kingdom, by a re-
duction of duty. The stagnation of the trade
in rum is considered by these parties as a mere
secondary cause of sutierin7, and the renewal of
intercourse with the United States a minor and
subordinate remedy.

If Parliament pan ever be induced to sanction
a measure of such alarming importance as tire
final surrender of our Navigation System to
America, it will surely not consent to that step
unless impelled by circumstances of the highest
urgency, and to attain objects of the first
magnitude. It would be a desperate and fatal
rashness to make a sacrifice so deeply affect-
ing the national honour and welfare, when it 13
not even presumed that the remedy advised
would have any decisive operation upon the
disease. Before our legislature can be reasonably
called upon to make the desired concession, it
ought surely to be agreed among those who urge
it, that the measure, if adopted, would be
thoroughly effectual. Are the naval interest;
of our country to be wounded, and the pros'
perity of her North American Colonies entirely
subverted, to procure for our West India planters
the mere chance of relief, which at best will be
only partial ? And is the ancient maritime policy
of Great Britain so lightly esteemed in these
days as to be given up by a British Government,
without even a pretence on the part of those
most interested, that the concession is of parr
mount importance, and would certainly prove
efficacious ?

The particulars of the late unhappy duel ill
Scotland have not yet been communicated,
except through the medium of the public Jour'
nals ; and it is impossible, without very accurate
information as to all the attendant circumstances/
to pass a fair judgment on the conduct of the par'
ties, which excites a twofold public interest from
its lamentable termination, and from its termination
with political disputes. The Times of this morning
has published a circumstantial narrative of the
occurrence, but we can only refer to this storY
as an apocryphal statement; first, because the
cold-blooded, and under the circumstances, most
indecent rancour apparent throughout this corm
munication afford just grounds for suspecting
its accuracy ; and next, because The Times,
on Saturday, put forth with equal confidence
a tale entirely differing from the present
in many important particulars. Both stories
however, are characterised by the same spirit,
and are equally calculated to excite indignatlo°
against their authors in all Minds that are net
absolutely degraded into barbarism by thie
rage of politics. The termination of a duo/
whether fatal or otherwise, has always babel.;
to been allowed to obliterate every subject 01
dispute and reproach with which it was connect;
ed ; and the common feelings, we will not say
civilized society, but of human nature, reco"
1
from him who, while his fellow creature lies
bleeding almost before his eyes, would darken
the memory of the dead, and insult the agoni
of his surviving friends, by coarse sarcaso
and scandalous insinuation. We will not dig'
gust our Readers by repeating all the sneers
and aspersions thrown out against -the unfortn'
nate deceased in the two narratives alluded 01,
from the implied application of the term '‘ rogue'
to the petty insolence of terming the late Barone` "
BOSWELL," while his adversary is spoken of a 9
R Mr. STUAT : but we must pOint out to general
wonder the consistency and decency of the jour'
nal, which avails itself of this choice opportunity
to preach a sermon on the iniquity of libelling
private character !
Some sages on both sides of the Tweed hale
professed themselves mightily perplexed to divine
how the LORD ADVOCATE himself, an original
supporter of The Beacon, can act in the proseca'
tion of. Mr. STUART, who challenged Sir ALO/
ANDER BOSWELL, for reflections inserted in the
Glasgow Sentinel. The more far-sighted of these
speculators assert that he must resign. We he;
lieve we can in some degree enlighten the6t
worthy ponderers. The practice of duelling is nae
sanctioned by the law of Scotland, and therefefo
we conceive that the Courts of that country wif
not, any more than our own, take cognizance °,,
the causes which induced the sending of a cha'
lerwe ; consequently the Sentinel and the Benc°,e
o and their respective merits and demerits, will °t
in a legal point of view as entirely irrelevant ,
the case of Mr. STUART as the Ossianic contr°,
versy ; and the LORD ADVOCATE, whatever 0;o
be his private feelings, will neither be subjectsu
to any difficulty, nor exposed to any just reproa
for proceeding in such manner as his official (10
may prescribe.

MONUMENT TO THE LATE KING.—It is Pr°.
bable that the proceedings of the Meeting at thite
Thatched House on Saturday last, and its rest'

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