The Sun.
London, England, 1849-09-17 00:00:00

MONDAY EV ENING SEPTEMBER 17, 1849.

We feel that there i 3 no improbability in the accuracy
of that rumour to which the Cowtitatiound has just
given utterance, namely, that Lord PALMEIt3TON
demands from the Cabinets of Vienna and St. Peters-
burgh, in reference to the Hun';-arian questhn, the
slat:7 quo ante bellian. We are not only fain to credit
but to glory in the declaration that the ex,radition
from Turkey of the immortal KOSSUTH, in obedience
to the requisition of the AUTOCRAT, Would he regarded
by the English Government as a casus belli. Yes I
thanks to that ennobling and elevating loyalty of
the people of these islands to the abstract principles
of justice and to the inalienable rights of freedom,
we can feel assured that not ours alone, but
every staunch heart in the United Kingdom would
throb with exultation at the prosi.ect of such a con-
summation. For we know—we, the people of Eng-
land know—that, in the language of our illus-
trious JUNIUS, "this is not the cause of
faction or of party, but the public interest of every
man in Britain." Aye, "of every man in Britain,"
for the cause of Hungary is not only the cause of
England, but the cause of liberty throughout Eu.
rope and Christendom. Again, and yet again, we
tell Lord PALMERSTON, that upon him, and upon him
alone, amongst all the members of this miserable do-
nothing Government, England counts with hope and
with something more than hope, with confidence. It
is befitting that the descendant of Sir WILLIAM
TEMPLE should worthily complete his own lofty and
honourable destinies, by standing forward as the
representative of Great Britain, as the defender of
the violated rights, and the vindicator of the
abused greatness of KOSSUTH and the Hungarians.

I" There is nothing more important in life,
especially in public life, than to have a principle to
Iguide you." This is the doctrine recently put forward
by Mr. DISRAELI, the recognised leader, and ineom-
parebly the most talented member of the Protectionist
party in the House of Commons, and in its justice
and accuracy we fully and entirely concur. With-
out a fixed and steadfast principle, a public man,
however brilliant his acquirements, and lucid his
reasoning powers, will become a political cypher.
Blown about by every wind, caught by every ad
captandum argument, he will speedily forfeit his
character for consistency. He can never acquire
weight or influence either in Parliament or with the
country, and will be regarded by all classes as
affording a melancholy illustration of the evil results
of vacillation and uncertainty. It is far better
to adopt even an unsound or incor-
rect principle than to be viithout any.
In the former case there is at least hope of improve-
ment. With matured experience and enlarged know-
ledge, the advocate of an erroneous principle may
possibly be convinced of his former error, and in-
duced to form a more correct judgment; but no rea-
sonable expectation can be entertained of the vacillat-
ing and inconsistent man. To the end of his career
he will pursue a Wandering and erratic course, his
hand being directed against every man in turn, and
every man's hand against him. The same doctrine
may be predicated of a great party. If the guiding
principle be kept distinctly in view—if the goal be
never for a moment forgotten or lost sight of, it gill
ultimately be arrived at, however devious the paths
into which the pilgrims may wander. Difficulties
may arise, impediments apparently insuperable may
exist, but the object, if steadfastly and perseveringly
pursued, will eventually be attained.
For some time the Protectionist party have been
literally without a principle. The question of free
trade was definitively settled in 1846, and although
it has not as yet been completely carried into opera-
tion, the recent legislation has all tended in that
direction. The abolition of the corn tax has been
followed by an equitable arrangement of the sugar
duties and an improved navigation code. Parliament
has affirmed the great principle that henceforward
taxes will be imposed for purposes of revenue alone,
and not of protection. And " the most complex and
perplexing questions will be decided" according to
that golden rule. The most zealous and in-
defatigable monopolists must feel the inutility
of any attempts to distract or perplex the question,
that has been definitely arranged. The Honourable
Member for Buckinghamshire is too skilful a tac-
tician, too clear-headed and intelligent a partisan, to
persist in playing a losing game, in suffering defeat
after Celeat, without break►ng new ground and erect-
ing a more auspicious banner, under which his
followers may at least entertain reasonable hopes of
victory. That standard has at length been erected.
IA new principle has been enunciated, for which the
agriculturists are henceforward to contend; and we
rejoice to say that it will be accepted by the great
body of the people, being alike founded on justice
and public policy. "Equal taxation and cheap capital"
is from this day forth to be the motto of the
Protectionist leader; and in carrying out
that Equitable principle we promise him
the sympathy and zealous co-operation of the indus-
trious classes. What does the most enthusiastic
fiscal or monetary reformer desire but " equal taxa-
tion and cheap capital ?" Is it not the great end and
object of all his exertions ? Does he not desire an
equitable arrangement of the existing taxation,
so that every man shall contribute to the national
Exchequer secundum statum et fizcultates, according
to his means and the stake he possesses in the
country ? Does he not seek such changes in the
monetary code as will bestow on the nation a circu-
lating medium or currency adequate to its wants and
exigencies—sufficient to stimulate industry, to pro-
vide remunerative employment for every man able
and willing to work, to make availab:e the
real capital that exists in the thews and sinews
of our labouring men—that would afford " real
protection to British industry," not merely to the
agriculturists or shipowners, but to all, without ex-
ception ?
" Indirect taxation" can never he supported by the
man who honestly seeks equal taxation for all ; the
Acts of 1819 and 1844 must be eschewed by him
who requires "cheap capital," and a moderate rate of
interest for all who have tangible security to offer.
We bid, then, Mr. DISRAELI and his associates
welcome, and gladly hail them as fellow-labourers in
the good cause which wehave so long and so strenu-
ously advocated. We may not for a time arrive at.a
perfect understanding as to the details of the great
questions, or as to the mode by which they are to be
carried triumphantly through Parliament; but so
long as the guiding principles are the same, so
long as equal justice and equal privileges to every
British subject are honestly sought for—co long
shall we be laboui-ers in the same vineyard, whose
duty it is to sustain and encourage each other in our
undertakings.

TkIE GOVERNOR OF MALTA.--We have authority
for stating that there is no truth whatever in the
paragraph copied from a morning, contemporary, to
the effect that Mr. More CoFerrall had h: en repri-
manded for not receiving the Italian refugees at
Malta, and that he had, in consequence, tendered his
resignation. We understand that there is not even a
shadow. of ground ou which to found this paragraph.

ADELPIII THEATRE.—This house will open to-
night (Monday), the company returning from the Hay-
ma/ ket, where they have been performing for the last
few weeks. Madame Celeste will reappear in one of her
favourite characters, and the orchestra will be still
under the guidance of Mr. Alfred Mellon, who has
recently been engaged at the Liverpool and Birmingham
Festivals.

BIRMINGHAM, SEPT. IC.—For some days it has
been generally rumoured that her Majesty, on her ro-
turn from Scotland to the metropolis, intended paying a
passing visit to this town. Yesterday morning an official
communication was received by the Mayor, intimating
that her Majesty would proceed direct from Lancaster
to the Isle of Wight, without -making any stay en the
way.
LIVERPOOF, SUNDAY, SETT. IG.—The steam-ship
America, Captain Harrison, departed from the Mersey
yesterday at noon for Halifax and Boston, with the
usual North American mails, and about 80 passengers.
Wo have no tidings this uorning of the steam-ship
Hibernia, with the mails, &c., from Boston on the 29th
ult. The steam-ship Canada, Captain Judkins, which
would leave New York on the sth and Halifax on the
8:h inst., may be expected to arrive in the course of to-
morrow (11fonday).
NEWCASTLE• ON-TYNE, SEPT. 15.—William Mac-
donald was brought up before the magistrates sitting in
the gaol this morning, ands evidence being heard of his
conduct yesterday, the Court sentenced him to be kept
in irons during the remainder of his term of imprison-
ment, about five weeks, and to receive two dozen lashes
with a cat-o'-nine tails. Edward Ranking, and George
Hunter, two others concerned in the riots, were each
sentenced to three months' imprisonment, in addition-to
-the term for which they are now imprisontd.

E VENCii REP U BLIC.

We hare received the n.ris papers of Saturday and
yesterday.
If we are to judge from the following decree signed
by the PRESIDENT of the Republic, which appears
in the Moniteur of yesterday, the cause of progress,
reason, and cxnmon sense has triumphed over that of
obcurantim and sacerdotal tyranny, the represen-
tative of which, M. DE FALLOUX, the apologist of
the massacre of St. Bartholomew, the panegyrist of
the Inquisition, and now the re-organizer of that de-
testable tyranny in Rome, is Lo longer a member
of the korench Cabinet.

The decree says :—" The Department of Public
Instruction and Religious Worship- is confided ad
interim, from Saturday, the 15th of the present
month, to M. LANJUINAIS, Minister of Agriculture
and Commerce."
A Council was held on Saturday, at which M. DE
Faanoux did not attend, and at which it was decided,
in consequence of the representations of General
CHANGARNIER, to continue General ROSTOLAN in
the command of the troops at Rome.
The official Maniteur of Saturday contains the fol-
lowing announcement :
" The letter of the President of the Republic to M.
Edgard Ney serves as a pretext to certain journals to
invent or to circulate all kinds of reports. The Assemblie
Nationale, for instance, in its number of this day, gave
as positive, that the President of the Republic declared,
in a Council of Ministers, that he tdid not pretend to
make the policy of the Cabinet subservient to his per-
sonal feelings, and that since the publication of his letter
had been attended with such consequences, he should
not hesitate to take from it anything of an official
character.' Another journal, the E6tafette, states, that
there exists another very important letter of the Presi-
dent, which is said to have been addressed in form of a
circular to all the European Cabinets, and the object of
which is to explain or even to extenuate the bearing of
the letter of the 18th ult.' We are authorised to declare
that these statements are entirely unfounded."
The Assemblee Nationale is the organ of M. DE
FALLOUX.
The Evenement has the following in relation to the
letter of the PRESIDENT tO.M. EDGAR NET :
" Some members of the committee of twenty-five,
being questioned to-day in the Salle des ConleiTences by
several representatives, communicated the explanations
given yesterday to the committee by the Minister of the
Interior, on the subject of the letter of the President of
the Republic. It results from these explanations that
the letter was communicated to the Council of Ministers,
and approved by all who were present; and that there
is perfect accord between all the members of the Cabinet
as to the policy that is indicated in it. It is added that
the great majority of the committee have also adhered
to that line of policy."
The Univers, the Union, and all the organs of the
parti-pretre are unanimous in declaring that the POPE
Will not give way. The Constitutionnel declares that
the Spanish Government is completely in accordance
with that of the French Republic on the subject of
the affairs of Rome, and that MARTINEZ DE LA RcsA
has received orders to sustain the demand of the
French Minister for the adoption of liberal measures.
Lord PALMERSTON has, it is said, demanded that
France should permit the Roman people to choose
their own form of government.
M. THEODORE I3ac has presented the following
document, signed by himself and several Members
of the Mountain, to the Vice-President of the
Assembly :
" Seeing the letter of the 18Th August from the Pre-
sident of the Republic to M. Edgar Ney;
" Seeing the note inserted in the Monitcur, and from
which it would appear to result that one of the members
of the Cabinet does not approve of the political line of
conduct indicated by this letter, of which he blames the
publication;
" Consider ing that the discipline of the army, the dig-
nity of France, and the security of the ceuntry, require
that there should not remain any longer a doubt with
respect to the agreement of the great powers of the state,
and to the policy which they ought to follow in the affairs
of Italy;
" Tne undersigned demand that the Legislative As-
sembly be convoked as soon as possible, for the purpose
of pronouncing in a sovereign manner upon the line
adopted and to be adopted as a general policy, both
foreign and domestic."
[Here follow the signatures.]
The Presse has a long article on the subject of the
PRESIDENT'S letter and the disclosures which have
taken place consequent on its publication, in which M.
EMILE DE GIRARDIN contends that the effect of these
disclosures must be to insure the acquittal of those
accused of 13th of June, inasmuch as it is proved by
the published documents that there was a violation of
the Constitution on the part of the Ministry in the
conduct of the Roman expedition; and as the Consti-
tution enjoins on all citizens the duty of rising in its
defence, whenever it shall be violated, the citizens
who assembled on the 13th of June, and were dis-
persed by the armed force under Gen. CHANGARNIER,
ware in their right, and CHANGARNIER, in dispersing
them, was guilty of an illegal act, for which he may
be hereafter held responsible. The Presse says the
following points are distinctly proved by the documents
now before the public :
"First—lt is proved that the atteck* on Rome, of the
30th April, took place notwithstanding the refusal of
the Pope to publish a manifesto according liberal insti-
tutions. It is proved, secondly, that, on the 9th of May,
the Pope was found to persist in his resolution to make
no declaration whatever. Thirdly—That the Ministers
had foully deceived the Assembly with regard to the
objects of the expedition. Fourthly—That the As•
sembly in granting 1,200,000 f. for the expedition never
supposed, and never would have sanctioned the supposi-;
lion that the object was to overthrow tbe Roman Re-
public. Fifthly—That Civita Vecchia having been
declared in a state of siege, in violation of all the prin-
ciples and declarations that had been proclaimed,
the distrust and resistance of the Roman people
were excited and e provoked. Sixthly—That the
resistance shown on the 30th of April was in con •
sequence of these two facts, the state of siege in
which Civita Vecchia was placed, and the perti-
nacious refusal of the Pope to make any declaration in
favour of liberal institutions. Seventhly—That when M.
Odilon Barrot asserted that the resistance offered by the
Romans was a piece of treachery and a snare, he asserted
what could not)eave been true. Eiglithly—That he
equally deceived the Assembly when he pretended that
Rome was held by a set of strangers, who exercised a
reign of terror. Ninthly—That he deceived the Assem-
bly when he pretended that the Romans were animated
by hostility to the French. Tenthly—That, notwith-
standing all the false declarations of the Minis-
ters, the Assembly did, nevertheless, refuse to sanc-
tion an attack on the Doman Republic. Eleventhly—
That the Ministers, by not retiring before that
vote of the Assembly, which was one of censure,
did falsify the spirit of Parliamentry Government.
Twelfthly—' It is proved that the extra Parlisanen-
tary manifestation of the 13th of June had been
caused by the grave vielation of the expression of
tho national will, committed by the Ministry on the
9,h of May, when they issued tie order for the army to
enter Rome by main force, despite: of the resolution of
the Assembly of the previous day, and in defiance of the
formal pledge on honour contracted by the Ministry to
wards the committee not to enter Rome except on invi-
tation to act as arbitrators.' And, thirteenthly, 'lt is
proved that the arms of the Republic have been em-
ployed against the Roman people, in contempt of the sth
article of the Constitution, and of the declaration of the

Minister for Foreign Affairs, M. Drouyn do L'lluys,
who on the 7th May said, "Is it, then, forgotten, the
conditions upon which the march on Rome was autho-
rised? I recall the two conditions—first, in case that no
serious opposition should be offered; and, secondly, in
Base that the army shouid be called by the free will of
the population."
Under these circumstances the Presse contends
that it is morally impossible, seeing it is admitted
now that the object of the expedition was from the
beginning to restore the POPE, that the prosecution
of those engaged in the manifestation of the 13th June
can go on.

The Patrie says :
" The President of the Council of Ministers is still re

tained for some days in the country by an operation
which demands almost absolute repose. M. Odilon Bar-
rot, however, passes some hours every day with the
directors of his department of, the Ministry, for the dis-
patch of important business."
The Constitutionnel says :
"At the moment when preparations were making at
Toulon for a new expedition against Morocco, it will be
learned with pleasure that such satisfaction has been
given to us as to render unnecessary any recourse to
extremities."

A severe storm has raged in Paris for several days,
and several trees have been blown down in the Gardens
of the Tuileries and the Champs Elyftles.
Letters from Dijon state that the approaching
vintage will be deficient in quantity, but that the
wine will be of excellent quality.
The Council General of the Bank of France, in
its sitting of Thursday, voted the resumption of loans
on public securities, conformably to the law of May
17, 1834, and the ordinance of June 15, of the same
year.
We find the following in the Journal des Debats :
00 We shall continue to call attention to the really ex-
traordinary situation of the Bank so long as this anomaly
shall subsist. The cash in hand has increased more than
7,000,000 f. this last week; there are 256,297,000 f. locked
up in the cellars of the Bank, and 140,538,000 f. in those
of the branch banks—in all, 396,835,00 W. The amount
of notes in circulation is 357,079,000 f. at PariF, and
50,257,000 f. in the branch banks, making a total of
407,336,000 f. The circulation of notes, therefore,
only exceeds by 10,500,000 f. the cash in hand; and
if we except the branch banks it is below the
amount. We hare not forgotten that among the
assets of the Bank figures a credit on the state of
100,000,000 f., 50,000,000 f. of which it lent on Treasury
bonds, and 50,000,000f.which it paid on account of a loan of
150,000,000 f. which it consented to make under the
reign of the Executive Commission and under the Mi-
nistry of M. Duclerc. This credit of 100,000,060 f. is
due at the end of the present year. Unless any new
arrangement be made the Treasury will free itself from
the claim of the Bank, and it is probable that M. Passy,
when he thought of negotiating a loan of 200,000,000 f.
in Consolidated Rentes, calculated on paying off this
debt of the Treasury. This repayment will again cause
more cash to flow into the coffers of the Bank, and will
diminish the circulation of bank notes, The cash in

iv_d_ld will then ha far above the mass of bank notes. tird
that :Lotwithstanding the payment of the half-year's di,:
vidcl.d, which will draw out of the hands of the 13!,,,D*
the amount of the account current of the Treasury. 11a
all tt en see the Bank with 450,000,000 f. to 480,000,004
of cash in hand, and a circulation in notes of less ill
str'();(•C ; cther words, the Bank, instenti
adiEng to the circulating capital of the country, will di;
mitiish it, which will not prevent its being dispense'
from paying its notes in cash. That is simply icv
p0.7..5i Lie."

BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT ' roe
LONDON STOCK-EXCHANGE, SEPT. 15.
Great Indian Peninsula, 14—Northern of Fiance, 21/4 (34'
—Rouen and Havre, 1014.