The Sun.
London, England, 1831-05-31 00:00:00

RYE, MAY O.

(FROM A CORRESPONDENT

A meeting of the Independent Association of this town
'ook place at the Red Lion Inn, on Friday, the 27th inst.
This little band of patriots, the nucleus of Reform in this
part of the country, who have by an arduous struggle in
the cause for the last six ye trs contributed considerably
to the consummation of it, in consequence of its certain
success have resolved to dissolve their present constitu-
tion, and to establish a new une on a basis that will em-
brace a more extended sphere of usefulness, namely, the
general improvement of the condition of the country, as
well as securing the return of Members to serve in Par-
liament of sound political character ; and wewould recom-
mend it to such as are nt,t in a stive of pecuniary depen-
dence on any of our public resources, or interested in the
continuance Of any public abuses. As the Reform Bill
will be of little value or relief, if not speedily followed by
a reduction of the national expenditure, we trust the
example of the men of Rye will be generally imita,ed, in
the formation of similar societies, legitimate and efficient
means will then be afforded of directing and assisting our
truly popular Government in their work of national rege-
neration, by a❑ inquiry into the state of the Church pro-
perty ; the equaliz ttion of tithes ; the pension list fin the
rich; that equally f, rtile source of indolence and vice, the
poor laws ; the East and West India monopolies ; the
Bank of England Company, the charter for which is nearly
expired; with vatious other incorporated societies, not
forgetting the Universities in their zeal to perpetuate cor-
ruption, intolerance, and ignorance. The army too, that
anomalous and now useless and expensive part of the ma-
chinery of Government of 90,000 men, and 30,000 officers
to command it, must certainly require some modification
in the altered state of society, which will not be very gra-
tifying to the idle expectants who lounge away their time
in the great metropolis of industry, intelligence, and
wealth. These are among the beneficial results, the first
fruits, that will be enjoyed from the hat vest of Reform;
then will the prosperity of the British nation render it
again the pride and envy of surrounding nations, the bul-
wark of liberty, and the patron of civilization to the world.

Two New York Papers, of the 29th and 30th
of AFril, have been received to-day at the Nurth and
South American Cuffee-house, from the contents of which

it appears that a complete change of Ministry has take❑
place in the United States. The particulars must have
appeared in Papers of previous dates, which have not yet
come to hand. A letter from Washington, dated the 21th,
is given in the New York Gazette, of the 29th, which
contains the following remarks on the subject
The recent change in, or rather dissolution of, the Cabinet,
is still the subject of censure and speculation. A gentleman who
wars with the President a day or two since, was informed by him
of the causes of the movement which he had made. He stated
that when he formed the Cabinet, he prepared a set of rules and
regulations, to which he required and received the assent of all
the Members. One of these regulations was, that whenever
any Member of the Cabinet should be brought before the people,
as a candidate for the Presidency, he should leave the Cabinet.
One of the Members having been named abroad, as occupying
that situation, he had deemed it necessary, in the enforcement of
the laws which he had prescribed, that a change should take
place. The President found that there was some difficulty in
getting a portion of the Cabinet to go out, unless the whole were
reformed, and therefore he betook himself to the task of relieving
himself of the whole set.'' .

It is further stated in the same letter, that nothing was
yet known respecting the new Cabinet; but it was ex-
pected that the arrangements would be completed in a day
or two.

FIFTY COMIC ENGRAVINGS (for Seven-
pence), distinguished for broad humour, fun, and point,
which cost the Proprietors two hundred and fifty guineas !
will appear in Bell's Life in London and Sporting
Chronicle, of Sunday, June the 12th, 1831, price only
Sevenpence. The " CO3IICALITIES" above alluded to,
and which will appear in Bell's Life in London, on
Sunday, the 12th of June, have been selected from the
celebrated Series which has appeared in that Journal for
the last five years, and embrace all those which have not
already been presented to its readers in its former " Comic
RECAPITULATIONS," as well as those which have been
since published ; together with some novelties in the same
popular style. The original cost of the designing and en-
graving of these fifty hutnourous gems was five guineas
each, making the grcss total of two hundred and fifty
guineas, the whole of which engravings may now be ob-
tained for the trifling cost of Sevenpence ! They will
occupy seven folio columns, and for the Scrap-book or
Portfolio will furnish a source of laughter and amusement.

TITLES OF THE ENGRAVINGS.
DRAMATIC SKETCHES. 1.26. Music Masters
1. Love Laughs at Locksmiths 27. The Siamese Twins
2. The Pilot on Shore 12S. A \Vision of \Vittels
3. Dr. Bolus, or the Last Pill 129. The Cruelty Van
4. A Great Friend 130. " Ise Yorkshire too."
a Othello's. Oetsupalton Gone ,31. Birds of u FPather
6. As You Like It ,32. " Music hath Charms."
7. School for Scandal 133. A Long Debate

8. The Rivals

Greenwich Fair

9. Measure for Measure
10. Where Shall I Dine ?

35. Rural Pleasures
" I Nose' a Beak "

H. The Bottle Imp .37. Domestic Happiness
['2. Quaker in a Quandary 133. Domestic Misery

13. is he Jealous 39. A Jarvey
14. Every Man in his Humour 10. A Bird of 111-omen
15. Dennis and Dcsdemona 41. " Kicking up a Dust"
16. Raising the Wind 142. Vite Condick Swells
17. Love, Law, and Physic. '143. Love of Liquor
FANCY SKETCHES. STUDIES FROM LATATER,
18. Aristocracy and Democracyl44. A Flat
19. Hot and Cold 43. A Sharp
20. " Rubbing in " 46. " What a Bad Hat :"
:21. Students at the Bar 47. A Tithe Pig
2:2. Swing's Recreations 48. Irish Whiskey
2.3. Approaching Dissolution 49. Scotch Whiskey
24. Rcuoughmonger Hall 50. Jamaica Rum.
25. The Dog in Office
Bell's Life in London and Sporting Chronicle is pub-
lished every Saturday afternoon, at One o'clock ; and for
political iteegrity, original talent, broad humour, and ex-
tent and accuracy of domestic, and foreign, and sporting
information, stands um ivalled. It is the same size and
price as The Observer—Sevenpence. The Bell's Life
in London of June the 12th will be kept on sale at tLe
Office, 169, Strand, London, until the last day of June.
Franks may be had gratis to send it into the country.

Yesterday beirg the day appointed by the
New Population Act for " numbering the people," the
overseers of the different parishes in and about the me-
tropolis were early on foot for the purpose, and were long
before night heartily " foot weary," and tired with their
Idbour. In many cases they found it difficult to obtain
any returns at all—the papers, having been left so long
ago, were, in many instances, lost, mislaid, or forgotten ;
and, in many more, from their apparent complexity, not
well understood. In one instance, a letter-out of donkeys
described himself as a " capitalist ;" and, in another, a
seller of cats'-meat, whose shop consists of a barrow, with
more reason, claimed to be set down as " a retail trader."
No doubt, many ludicrous scenes occurred ; but, upqn the
whole, the result is likely to prove a sickener to the
Multhusians.

What is the sign thereof it is more than we
can pronounce ; but it is a fact that the " business" in
all the Courts of Law has of late fallen off, to the
practisers of the same, in a very alarming manner. It is
the opinion of some that the elections are the cause, but
many fear (and these are generally lawyers), that folks
are waiting till the commodity shall have become cheaper.
There is an adage that " use is second nature." Is there
not a reasonable ground for fearing that, before that time
arrives, if this latter be. the.true reason, they will find
themselves able to do without it altogether ?
OCCULTATION OF JUPITER AND HIS SA-
TELLITES.-On Wednesday this remarkable phenomenon
will take pl ice. It is one of the most interesting among
the heavenly movements visible on earth for the year.—
The bright limb of the moon will come in contact, first
with the Ith satellite, then with the 2d ; the immersion
of the planet will then occur about eight minutes after one
at night; the moon will afterwards proceed to the Ist
satellite, and finally the 3d will be obscured. At emersion
the 4th will be first visible, then the 211; the planet will
next re-appear at fourteen minutes after two, and after-
wards the Ist, and finally the 3d satellite will emerge from
behind the moon's dark limb. During the occultation,
the Ist and 2.1 satellites will have approached a little nearer
to their primary, and the 3d and 4th have receded a little
farther off.

CONFESSION OF GIBBS, Tim PIRATE.-
This extraordinary man, whose execution for murder was
fixed for the 23d ult., at New York, appears to have been
the most bloody and remorseless pirate of whom we have
any record. When under senteisce of death—by way,
we presume, of disburdening his conscience of some por-
tion of the intolerable pressure with which it must have
been tormented—be voluntarily made
a full confession o•
his crimes, which is published at length in the New York
ilornin9 Inquirer, of the Bth of April, and occupied two
closely-printed long columns of that journal. He was con-
cerned in the plunder and destruction of upwards of forty
vissels ; and, as " dead men tell no tales," he and his
ferocious crew, with one or two exceptions, wandered
every soul on board. He admits that about 400 were
thus dispatched. It appears that Gums was in Liverpool
bfoallislyevtetr'eatlit tln
weeks,
ie. cutting a great dash ; but as he too-
nder an assumed name, he could not be
identified. " frame (says the account) is somewhat
enfeebled since his trial ; his face paler, and eyes more
sunken ; but the air of his bold, enterprising, and des-
perate mind still remains. In his cell he seems more like
an object of pity than vengeance; is affable and communi-
cative; and when he smiles, exhibits so mild and gentle
a countenance that no one would take him to be a villain."

LITHUANIAN INSURRECTION.

WARSA W, -WAY 14.

The Message). Polanais gives the following report,
transmitted to the National Government, in the name of
the Lithuanian insurgents, by an envoy from Lithuania :--
" The Polish nation, oppressed during half a century,
combats at this day for independence and the integrity of
her territory. If she drags her oppressors before the tri-
bunal of humanity, Lithuania may exult more than any

other province in having obtained the honours of a martyr.
Given up in the first partition, against all political justice,
to the Russian Autocrat, the hope of a better prospect has
never left her. The kingdom of Poland may justly com-
plain of the violation of her rights and liberties, for her
rights and liberties were guaranteed to her; but the Go-
vernments incorporated with Russia, so long and so
cruelly oppre,sed, have long made complaints still
more grave and serious. They lament the total annihilation
of all the rights which nature has bestowed on man.
—Lithuania principally has been the constant object of
the hatred of the Sovereign. It has been made the source
of illegal revenues for Russian clerks and placemen, whose
prodigality equals their extortion and venality. Lithuania,
in which the Government exerts all its efforts to efface
every trace of nationality, and which it believes sunk for
ever, has given continued proofs of a lively national feel-
ing by numerous acts of devotion to the mother country.
Every year the young Lithuanians, torn from their
country, were transferred to the deserts of Russia, and in
each succeeding year the State prisons swallowed up the
most distinguished men. At the news of the national in-
surrection of Warsaw, the true love of country, which no
force or oppression could extinguish in Lithuanian bosoms,
was ready to manif-st itself; but the councils of wisdom
and experience suppressed the improper enthusiasm of
youth.
" The conviction that our country distnembered could
net recover its political existence without the united ef-
forts of its scattered members, led to the pleasing hope

that our brothers in arms would hold out their hands to 1
brothers without the means of defence, and that the
Poles, answering the great appeal of the metropolis, would
work together for the regeneration of their country; but
days and weeks rolled en, and the anxiety for the accom-
plishment of the great object began to lose its fervour.
Soon, however, the country was inundated with Russian
troops, who spread over it discouragement and despair.
Unfortunate Lithuania was compelled to feed the oppres-
sors, who were marching to exterminate its brethren of
the kingdom of Poland. They were forced to uomply,
under a painful restraint of their feelings, with the inju-
rious demands of their tyrants. Marshal Diehitsch, on
his arrival at Wilna, convoked the Representatives of the
Nobles ; he called upon them, in the language of bitter.-
ness and irony, to insult the sacred cause they wished so
touch to defend ; he made them take new oaths of fileltyt
and at the same time thank the Emperor for the benefit'
he had conferred on them. In short, he imposed upon
them the obligation of rejoicing because they might
expect the prompt punishment of rebels. The Chiefs
of Government set out fur Petersburgh with an address
filled with the most servile and humiliating expres'
sions ; there they were made to sign it in the name of all
' their fellow-citizens, and publish the instrument, qualified
by the name of a voluntary declaration. Very soon after the
blood of our brothers began to flow in the field of battle'
The subjugated provinces heard of the triumphs of the
Poles only by the Ukases, the style of which soothed the
rage of the Autocrat. The Polish Governments upon
which Russia, according to her usurpations, had ancient
claims, and which had been incorporated with the empire
by the first partition, were robbed of the benefits of Or'
Lithuanian code, and the Russian Government considered
it a part of ancient Russia. All the Polish Govern'
ments, except those of Wilna,' Grodnn, and Bialystoclo
were deprived of their guardianship, which had long heels
vested in the University of Wilna, and transferred to that
of Charkow. The use of the Polish tongue was inter
dieted as well in the schools as in the scientific establish'
ments of all the Governments. The magazines which
they ordered to be formed in every direction were so nu'
merous, that in one Government alone they had sub-
sistenee for 300,000 men during a whole year ; in short,
a recruiting of three out of every five hundred soul!,
threatenel these provinces with the exhaustion of a'
that they contained, in order that their strength might he
turned against the cause of Poland ; but whilst despair in'
creased with arbitrary violence, the Manifesto of the Chant'
bers, which announced the determination of the Poles to
fight as long as they could for their independence and that
of their brothers, brought solace to all their misfortune°
and offered consolation. Since that period persecution°
have increased every day, but hope enabled us to bear them,
Hope gliding into the hearts of all brave patriots, formed
as it were by enchantment, an association which eluded
the vigilance of the most insidious. The citizens of Litho'
ania felt new courage when the good news reached then'
Their Wishes—their thoughts—their sentiments were
mutual—and insurrection, which arose from general en'
thusiasin in the first instance, began to be organized slowly'
but with more prudence and calculation. If one tinfoil'
seen circumstance had not occurred to impede the proko°
and Warta of the patriots, it would have broken out hi
Lithuania rather later than at Warsaw, but it would have
been simultaneous in the capital as well as the provinces,
" Alas ! Nowoseloff arrived at Wilna, and immediatelhl
espionage resorted to the most active measures. An
officer of the regiment of Ingermanland, named Ku'''
rewicz, was quartered at the Medical Institution, where
hospital has been established. This officer soon recovere,
his health, thanks to the care of the Director Pelikan, he,
instead of returning to service, he hired a fine lodging I.'"
the town, lived extravagantly, and renewed his old
limey with the young men of the University. It woo 6
be superfluous here to mention all the arts employed MI,
such occasions by agents of this description. They
well known where despotism endeavours to consolidate tt,
duration by injustice and infamy. Kudrewicz, by aff,
ing exalted patriotism, seduced several young improdeli
men to his purpose, and extorted from them a list of ce':
spirators, bearing their own signatures, and sent it to the',
who paid him with gold. Many persons implicated Werf.
instantly arrested, and they proceeded to exatninatioro a;
the must disgusting character. Upon the iofeematie,
thus obtained, the recruiting and supplying of inagazin`;
was ordered. A few young citizens of Samogitia, givitijo
way to their patriotic impatience, then resolved to raise t,",
standard of insurrection. They assembled their domesnc
and peasantry, and forming a troop of two hundred cs';'''
tiers, attacked the city of Rossienia, the capital of the th'4
trict of that name, and disarmed the garrison, which,
composed of veterans. They drove out the Russian autho,
rities, and made an appeal to the citizens to join them..
The appeal produced the desired effect. A determinati,
o°
so energetic must naturally find support. Towards of
end of March three districts of Samogitia, with those
le
Telse, Rossienia, and Szawle, threw off the yoke of t
oppressors, anti established provisional governmenr,
which became one, and which at this moment should I'd
in the name of the national government of the kingdont,,
Poland. The district of Upita followed the exatopTe'r,
The whole population rose, and masses of insurgenoj
armed with scythes, lances, and guns, which they 1:11
concealed from the Pohil, advanced towards the frootij,
of Courland, and separated at Polanger. The det°,l'll,
menta which had thus separated marched upon
komserz, where the brigade of reserve, under Generie
Bezobrazow, consisting of 1,200 Hussars, who wil'or
quarters, but of which 300 only were mounted. ti
Russians then sent from Kauen Colonel Bartholoincy 's'4l
4,000 men and four pieces of cannon. He surprised 110 n,
enia. He carried all by force, and gave the first exarnPle,,,
battle,as well as in the frequent sot tees which he made, 01.1:fig
rible cruelty and barbarity. Pillage arid destruction re,
tinguished his presence. Villages and castles were ta;
Juiced to ashes. The bayonet glittered in the rohl'ot
flames, and destruction was ordered without distinctic,lo
age or sex, amongst all the inhabitants who had not Poe
from his fury. The prisoners male upon the field of bap
were exposed to every insult from the intoxicated soldie"l
Several were burnt alive in the cabarets. Young rtlel)'oJ
all ranks, taken at Rossienia, hadt heir heads.shaved,
were driven among the recruits. The forces of the
surgents, which had been formed in haste, separated Pg
to retake Rossienia Rezobrazow quitted ,Willtorniell'.oO
prevent the attack, and after burning the bridge hell',l;'
him upon the Swieta, marched upon Wilna. Labanld
disputed with him the passage of the Syrwinta. Ilmt
a few chasseurs, and several hundreds of scythemen
he had collected rapidly upon the estate of J'l'eio
Gorski. The Russian General having sustained, ir4
killed and wounded, a loss of thirty men, and, with'
the failure of his troops, sent a flag of truce ; but °lid
lass to his word, he did not lay down his arms, soda 00
by the most infamous deception, lie contrived to pal
bridge established upon the Syrwinta. He then V
Lahanowski, and carried him to Wilna, where that vA,r!
tunate citizen was tried and shot as a rebel. The
of the departments of Vpita and Wilkornierz, sule-of
by a detachment of cavalry, were in pursuit of 13ezohr3,0;gt
They attacked his rear guard, and took, without sustell
any loss, 250 hussars, with a large quantity of a'-y,oci
nation and store.. Three days after the insurgents, 1,41
withstanding four pieces of artillery mounted against ',or
in an advantageous position, drove from Rossienia
Bartholomey, taking prisoners, and killing many Russell.
—Whilst Samogitia delivered itself from Muscovite V,
sons, the insurgents of the department of Kowno,t,
teak to take that city, occupied Janow, situated