The Sun.
London, England, 1831-03-15 00:00:00

'ale 1,300 in number, and employ 100,000 persona ; from
the Guild of Perth ; from the Chamber of Commerce of
Edioburo ; from Dundee ; and a number of other places
in Scotland.

Mr. JOHNSTONE presented similar petitions from
Dumferline and Linlithgow.
Mr. R. GRAN 1' presented two petitions from parishes
in Norfolk, and from Cupar.
Mr. LEICESTER presented a similar petition from Poole.
The ATTORNEY-GENERAL presented a petition
for Reform, signed by 10,000 inhabitants, from the town
of Nottingham ; and a similar petition from the Hundred
of St Leonard, in the city of Wells.
Mr. BEAUMONT presented a petition, numerously
signed, from North Shields, and from three places in
Northumberland, to the same effect.
Adjourned at a Quarter after Two o'clock.

POLAND.

(EXTRACTS FROM PRIVATE LETTERS.

WARSAW, Fan. 28.—1 wrote you by last post, and now
write again to say, we are still in the land of living: how
long we remain so, God only knows.
Early on the morning of the 25th instant, the Russians
having received considerable reinforcements, not lee. than
25,000 men, drew forth tly-ir whole army in line of battle
in front of the forest, and began a most desperate attack
on the left wing of the Polish army, near Jablonna. The
attack was manfully sustained by the General Uminski
(who had just arrived, having recently made his escape
from Prussia) ; he succeeded, after fighting very hard to
repulse and drive them back, and having taken eight pieces
of cannon, spiked them, neither having horses nor time to
take them off: he, however, at length succeeded in driv-
ing the Russians to the forest, and stop their filing.
General Uminski then attacked the Russian centre, and
penetrated their lines, making dreadful slaughter, having
driven them from their:pasition.
It appears that General Diebitsch had calculated oh
penetrating to Warsaw on Friday, and so fulfil his promise
to the Estiperor to reinstate him on the throne of Poland

.n a month from the day his Imperial Majesty had been de-
1-ironed ; but on Friday the month expired. Having re-
ceived the reinforcements, he brought the whole into ac-
tion, with his 400 cannon playing await all day. Being
so close to the town, you may suppose what were the feel-
ings of the inhabitants, particularly the women. It
pears he calculated most on the left wing of his army,
where be had an enormous force, with which be expected to
penetrate the right lines of the Polish army, situated near
Crochow, under the command of Chlopicki and Skrzy-
necki. The battle was sanguinary in the extreme. The
Russians made six tremendous charges, and were six times
repulsed with great loss. A seventh time they made a
desperate charge, which being directed against a newly-
raised regiment, caused some disorder and a partial re-
treat; the enemy perceiving this, sent immediately two
regiments of cuirassiers, fresh troops, belonging to the
recent reinforcements; both officers and men were half
drunk. Diebitsch had thus prepared them for the despe-
rate work he had cut out for their execution. They
made a tremendous attack, and for a moment succeeded in
putting the new-formed regiment into disorder, got round
to their rear, among the wounded, ammunition, and pea-
sants' waggons ; but the newly-raised troops having
promptly received the assistance of the Polish lancers, as
suddenly recovered from their panic, formed themselves
again in order of battle, and the two regiments of Rus-
sian cuirassiers were literally cut to pieces; only twenty
prisoners, mostly officers, were made, and only thirty made
their escape to inform General Diebitsch of their disaster.
Thus they suffered for their temerity by the loss of two re-
giments ; the commander of one of the regiments was
taken prisoner. The intention of General Diebitsch was,
that they should penetrate the Polish line, and cut their
way through to Warsaw ; hut they met their fate. This
affair being so very decisive, the Russians left the field of
battle, and retired again into their strong hold in the forest.
The loss of the Russians on that day was upwards
of 15,000 killed and wounded, and 600 prisoners,
three pieces of cannon taken, and eight spiked. The
loss of the Poles was great : the killed and wounded are
reckoned about 5,000. This may be considered as a great
victory pined by the Poles over tke Russians, when you
take into consideration the disproportion in numbers, and
the immense strength of the Russian artillery. You may
judge of the intrepid bravery of Chlopieki, when he had
three horses shot under him on that memorable day, and
was wounded in the foot, though not dangerously. He
was obliged to he carried off the field of battle. The
Colonel of the new Warsaw Regiment was also wounded,
and unfortunately was not with his men at the seventh
charge of the Russians, which prevented the battle being so
decidedly victorious. Prince Radziwill lost the valuable
services of his right hand man, on the brave Clalopieki
being wounded.
1 yesterday paid the Polish soldiers a visit at the batte-
ries at Praga ; they were in good spirits. Since Friday
every thing remains quiet, no fighting. The conduct of
Prince Radziivill is universally extolled: he has seen su-
pet ior merit in General Skrzynecki, the third in command;
the Prince propo-ed to resign in his favour, the second in
command seconded the proposal, and we all look with con-
fidence to Skrzynecki ; all the inhabitants are now going
to take the oath of allegiance to the present Government.

LONDON MARKETS.

PRICE OF BREAD.

The highest price of Bread in the Metropolis is 1010. fot tht
ill. Loaf. There are others who sell from 34d. to lad. below
that price.

SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS.

The people have almost exceeded our hopes.
They have far outstripped our utmost efforts to keep
pace with their still-increasing ardour in the cause
of Reform, so far as those efforts might have aimed
at presenting to our readers even a faint outline of
what is taking place every hour of each succeeding
day, at meetings held throughout every county of
England, and attended by numbers, wealth, intelli-
gence, high reputation, and consequent moral power,
such as never before were seen or imagined iti con-
nection with any political question at the most ani-
mated period of English history. One or two
croaking ravens yet flap their wings amongst us ;
but their notes anticipate the fast-coming downfall
of that edifice where filthy vermin, noxious reptiles,
ill-omened birds, and ravening wolves, have had for
centuries an unhallowed shelter. In the name of
the people, we challenge any one of those enemies
of public freedom, who venture, under the protection
of the forms of debate, to threaten this country
with revolution if she dares to cut away the unsound
parts of her diseased representative systrm,—
we dare any one of them to get up and say
distinctly, through what means, or for whose ser-
vice, he has poked his way into Parliament. Will
any one of them presume to tell the country how
much money he has paid for his seat, or on what
condition he has obtained it, if not the payment of
money ? If no such confessions are made, why
then the public ear is abused by false pretences.
Cargoes have been smuegled into the House of
Commons, and passed off under 'our very noses as
the property of fair traders. I\e, there is not a man
of them will tell one word of truth; they all take
the benefit of that Old Bailey indulgence which
spares a culprit the avowal of his own guilt. But
with far more than Old Bailey Orr-Artery, they
mould build a title to public respect and gratitude
on the tacit understanding that they have com-
mitted the very crime which, if proved, would
subject them to fine and imprisonment, as violators
of the law of England. What else can be in-
tended by those disgusting plaudits which we have
heard, night after night, bestowed upon seats bought
with money, and on the nomination of "clever
young men" by Peers. Which of these indi-
viduals, again we ask, will come forward and lay
claim, in his own person, to such virtuous applauses ?
The base falsehoods and rottenness of the whole
practice is evident from this single fact—that no
man will boast of being himself that sort of public
benefactor, which a seat purchaser or self-seller is,
by the anti-reformists in their constitutional ro-
mances, described to be, for fear of being indicted
and sent to gaol ! However, the pinch of the battle
is already past, unless the national troops disperse
too soon, and seek to enjoy the victory before they
have quite secured it. To an almost endless list of
public meetings, we may add one at Poole, of which
the proceedings have been sent to us, where an ad-
dress of " love" and " gratitude" to his gracious
Majesty was unanimously agreed upon, for having
sanctioned the great measure proposed by his
official servants to Parliament ; arid a second
address, in a corresponding spirit, was adopted,
to be presented to Ministers for their patriotic
conduct. Mr. Wills, the High Sheriff, was in the
chair, and Dr. Taylor, with Messrs. Penney, Du-
rant, and Arnold, took the leading part in the
proceedings. So at Romsey, a meeting of the cor-
poration (" corporation robbery 1") and inhabitants
was held in the Town-hall, on Friday last, James
Aldridge, Esq. Mayor, in the Chair, when loyal and
cordial resolutions were passed, and petitions to
both Houses of Parliament in favour of the Bill.
Mr. Beddome, late Mayor; Mr. Holmes (not Mr.
William Holmes, M.P.), town-clerk; and Alder-
man Damon and Sharp, supported the several pro-
positions. " Never," adds our correspondent, "in
the memory of the oldest inhabitant of this town,
has there been such a feeling of universal delight, as
since this measure has been brought before the
House of Commons; and one of the oldest mem-
bers of the Corporation declared that he should die
heppy could he see this Brll pass."—" The meeting
broke up with three times three cheers fcr King
William IV." These men know the right
meaning of loyalty, and that a King who
deals honestly with his people is a jewel above
all price. We stop here with a repetition of
advice which cannot be enforced or acted on with
too much strictness. Let Ministers not suffer the
slightest alteration in the main features of the Bill as
already framed. If one material change be made,
more at least will be expected, and the confidence
of the nation run great risk of being forfeited. Mr.
O'Connell's remarks upon the operation of the Bill
as it affects Ireland, and his proposals of amend-
ments, are, in our minds, unreasonable ; but we shall
say a word on that point to-morrow.—Times.
An attempt was made last night, in the House of
Lords, to defeat the Lord Chancellor's Bankrupt
Law Reform Bill, by the interposition of delay.—
Lard Wynford, in a variety of frivolous pretexts—
such as the illness of Lord Eldon and the absence of
the Lord Chief Baron on Circuit—moved that it
should be re-committed, instead of that night, on
the 15th of April. A key to the martccuvre was
afforded by the Lord Chancellor, who gave a most
amusing account of the tactics of the numerous
enemies of this beneficial measure.
"In all the stages through which the Bill had passed
(observed his Lordship) not a single word bad been said
on, and not a single objection made to, the principle ; even
his Noble and Learned Friend (Wynford) himself hardly
Objected to the principle, and only contended for delay.—
But he had one serious objection to an indefinite delay,
and that arose from the seventy—the Septuagint—who
had ken most active and great commentators on the Bill,
and most active and persevering translators, although they
had translated very badly, and had—he meant not all, but
the majority of Oem.—exerted all their power both out
of the House, and probably in it, fa. the purpose of
throwing out the Bill, by having it moved that it be com-
mitted this day three months ; and if they should find
themselves strong enough. or if not, by having it moved
that the committal should be delayed for four weeks. The
majority of the Septuagint were in the greatest state of
activity, and he had been assailed by letters and by con-
ference in doors and out of doors, by wife, by sister, by
aunt, and by cousin, in every way, and through every
channel, by every sex, and in every form. He was 'lkea
fortre.v attacked by storm, and by slp, and in every way
exept by blockade and starvation—and now this blockade
and starvation his Noble and Learned Friend came to
supply by his propositions for delay."
When any man has no better argument to urge
against any improvement, he is sure to call it un-
Erglish. Lord Wynford, who is a cunning old
Nisi Prius stager, eagerly availed himself of this
handleagainst the reeaaure. The Judges " found a
kind of institution which did not resemble anything
in this country. It was more like a court which
existed in France and Scotland." Can there
be a better argument for retaining tribunals against
which every trader in the country has long
been tip in arms ? Can there be a better
argument against remedying an abuse without an
equal either in France, Scotland, or perhaps any
EiirsPaeim se un-English, like something
in F
than calling the remedy for this
grievous English
or Scotland ? The Lord Chancellor did
notuenvrtarnY in
ngih uhesitate
es
to character'ze the object of Lord Wyn-
ford, from touching upon these points, to raise a
degree of clamour, without argument, against the
measure." The manner in which the Lord Chan-
cellor unmasks such opponents as Lord Wynford,
and repels the pert forwardness of such opponents
as a noble sinecuriq, is not very ericotir iging. The
wives and sisters of the severity are another affair.
No wonder his Lordship speaks with so much feel-,
ing of the storm he has sus.ained Chron.
In perfect good-will we beg to caution a certain
distinguished la.ly riot to suffer herself to be made a
laughing-stock to dandies and intriguer?. Her per,
sonal attractions and accomplishments must always
ensure her as much
admiration as an English lady
ought to covet. NIT by aim at more ? Besides, she
has not reached the proper age for political partisan-
ship. Under the old regime, no French lady joined
the ranks of the Philosopher and atheists till she lost
her youth and beauty ; so no English lady should be
a politician till she is on the ultra side of fifty. The

lady to whom we allude has, from mistaken ambi-
tion, long allowed herself to be a tool in the hands
of persons whiinn, in her vanity, she imagines she
directs. She has latterly joined the banners of a
military statesman, who while he flatters her with a
show of deference, exacts from her a most proles-
s;onal submission to discipline. Under his directions
this misguided lady has la,eiy been denouncing the
Reform Bill with all her sex's zeal, and with a vehe-
mence quite her own. Her sincerity had made her
overstep these limits of angry opposition which her
prudential chief considered decorous. A hint was
given to that effect, and the other night, at a Royal
fete, the lady, with great naïveté, at once disposed
the secret, and exhibited her own humble subser-
viency to her chief. Her ladyship went about,
eagerly addressing her friends in something like the
following stain t---" How do I look ?" " I mail
told to put a good face on the matter to-ni.ght. 1
am doings/. Do I not look very cheerful ?" Th s
speech, uttered and repeated with tones, and looks,
and gtstures, worthy of the tragic muse, was too
much to hear. Gentlemen coughed—ladies shook
their fans to hide their emotion—till at last all re-
straint gave way, the joke went round, and
Unextinguished laughter shook the place."—Tinos.
The state of political feeling throughout Europe
is not without its importance in determining the ex-
pediency of introducing a great measure of change
in our representative system at the present time.
We say, advisedly, " not without importance," for
we must affirm that the right of the people of Eng-
land to secure a real representation for themselves
is the paramount consideration—still we are disposed
to admit that the success or failure of the measure
is to a great degree a European question ; moreover
we think it one of great international importance.
If the late expulsion of Charles X. from the throne
of France—caused as it was by his violation of
the most sacred obligations that can bind men
individualy, or societies together—has shaken the
political inviolability of Monarchs, we do not
consider that the change made in the re'gning
dynasty has exhibited any indisposition in the people
of France to a monarchical form of Government ;
on the contrary, we believe that however parties
in that country may differ as to the distribution of
power among the orders of the State, they all, with
the exception of the small republican faction, and
band of the military anarchists, sincerely prefer a
King to a Republican President, or D rectory.
Such also has been the declared wish of that de-
claiming, absurd vestry, the Belgian Congress. If
they have a temporary Regent, instead of a s-ave-
reign Prince, the fault is not their's; either the
Prince of Leuchtenberg, or the Duke de Nemours,
or any Prince, but he of Orange, would have satis-
fied them. Neither Saxony, nor Brunswick, nor
Poland, have contemplated the republican form as
a substitute for their present Government. In
short, let us look where we will in Europe,
facts bear us out in asserting that the ten-
dency of the European mind is towards heredi-
tary Monarchy, limited in the exercise of autho-
rity by representative bodies, freely chosen, and
acting for the interests of the people at large. We
do not deny that the spirit of change is abroad; but
it is not the demon spirit of the earlier French re-
volution, delighting in destruction ;—we believe
that, accepted as the visitation ought to be, the
spirit of the present day will be found the good
angel of thrones and of property. At the close of
the last century the example of America, followed
by the dawn of regeneration in France, that appeared
but to blaze in the fitful splendour of military des-
potism, had certainly turned the minds of all po-
litical innovators towards republican institutions.—
Misled by the ready adaptation of the inhabitants of
the United Staves of America to a new form of Go-
vernment, men overlooked the peculiar circum-
stances by which that adaptation was caused,
and assumed that similar events were univer-
sally attainable ;—that error no longer exists;
but, on the other hand, men are too enlightened to
believe that security of property can only be ob-
tained by submitting to the continued existence o

abuses in monarchies, as if the acknowledged con-
, venience of that form of Government rested not
• upon rights that could be discussed, but upon ancient
wrongs that must not be questioned. Our's is not
the only country in Europe where a nobility is to be
found indissolubly connected with the monarchy;
our's, however, was for centuries the only country
where a body professing to be the representatives
of the people was acknowledged as equivalent with
the two higher orders. The combination of the three
,had justly been the adm'ration of the world ; but we
contend that, if that admiration has been mainly
caused by the standard of comparison having been
taken miserablylo w,and if the defects inthe model have
been discovered, and shall not be removed, there is
great danger that a disposition to cast the elements of
society into some other form may arise, and contemp-
tuous rejection take the place of ready amd ie-
spectful imitation. The great political problem
which appears to us to he submitted for solution by
the present measure of Reform is, whetlur a real
representation of the middling classes be compatible
with a vet), unequal distribution of property, and a
powerful hereditary arirocrircy. We, upon the
firmest conviction, maintain the solution of the pro-
blem in the affirmative; and we aro sure that a
bigotted adherence to the negative determination
has a. direct tendency to rub out or rot out the whole
diagram of our institutions, as a stupid school-boy
might deal with that stumbling-block in Euclid's Ele-
ments called the Pons Asinanum. The Kings and
Nobles of Europe have, no doubt, often executed the
dangerous example of America, and probably have ab-
horred the degree of power exercised in the British
Constitution by the people. They had, however,
the weak consolation of thinking that the anomalies
and abuses of the English representative system ren-
dered imitalon impossible; but they, as foolishly,
overlooked the necessary consequence that the ac-
knowledged defects of the best ordered monarchy
in existence could have no other effect, except that
of ultimately cetnpelling a greature departure from
all institutions in any way analogous to that form of
Government. The example to be now set by
England, if the Mini, rers, in reforming the repre-
sentation, will, at least, pr, sent a model, which the
Monarchs and aristocracies of all countries must
follow ; for in it they cannot fail to see security for
themselves, and satisfaction to the other classes of
their respective communcs.—Morning Herald.

CAPTAIN BEEcTIEY'S NEW WORK, &C.-
Messrs. Comilla-I.f and BENTLEY have just published the
following :—Completion of the Polar Voyages—Captain
BEECHEY'S Voyage to the Pacific and Behring's Strait, &c.
with numerous Plates, engraved by FninEN-2. The
Tuileries, an Historic d Romance, by the author of
" Hungarian Tales," 3 vols.-3. The Correspondence of
the Right Hon. Sir JOHN SINCLAIR! Part., with fac-
similes of upwards of 200 Autographs, including those of
most of the European Sovereigns, 2 vols. 81,0.-4. The
Life of Fusru, by Jouti KNowl.Es, El., F. R. 8., one of
his Execu.ors, 3 volt'. Svo. with Porte air—.h. The Siamese
Twins, a Tale of the Times, by the Author of "Pelham,"
&c. Second Edition, with numerous illustrations, price
10s. 6d. Also just ready-6. Major KEtki.L'S Narrative
of a Journey across the Balcan, 2 vols. Svo. with illustra-
tions, and 7. The Premier, 3 vole.

MINISTERIAL PIQUE.—The Duchess of
NIA ItLBOROUG It gives, in ono of her letters, an account of
the treatment she received from the finance minister in
1742. " Thi letter," says she, ‘• will lie as long as 4
ekncery b:11; for I have a mind now to tell you, I had a
new affront from our great and wise governors. Being
quite weary of stewards and bailiffs, and likewise of mort-
gages,c
I en eky
oupon
wherepo a very power of lawyers, which
ie
Ihad a mind to lend some
o
n the land tax, thinking that would he easy and
safe, at least for a year or two ; and, as it is free to every
body to offer, when a loan is offaed in the common way, i
reckon
one
ba
4 must
thing,
g ih
would not take. tny money, if he could hinder
I applied to lend it. Mr. SANDS s (the Chancellor of the
it, and eqtZr)reason, I heard from a person of consequence,
he gave was, that I had spoke ill of him. This diverted ;
tne;fo f
for
it
toir so s is
of
veryho little consequence the loss of so much
interest, short a time as in all probability I could
hive it. The Marehmont Papers.