The Sun.
London, England, 1836-06-06 00:00:00

SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS.

Preparatory to Mr. R. Wallace's motion, which
stands on the list for to-morrow evening, there has
been laid before the House of Commons " A return
showing any alterations which have been made in the
Post-office department of Ireland since the sth Jan.,
1831, whereby a saving of expenditure has been
effected, either by a reduction of the number of offi-
cers, or in the amount of salaries, distinguishing the
particular branches of the department where such
savings, if any, have been made." In page 8 of this
document, under the head " Inland Office," we per-
ceive that the discontinuance of " the registration of
double (generally money) letters," is set clown as
a piece of advantage conferred upon the State.
Surely the Duke of Richmond, by whose directions
this office in the inland department was sup-
pressed, could not have read or attended to the
evidence given in page 812 of the Nineteenth Re-
port of the Commissioners of Revenue Inquiry, either
before he ordered the suppression of the Registration
Office, or before he took credit to himself for issuing
that order. The object of the " registration of double
letters" a system most wisely introduced into the Post-
office department in Ireland by Sir Edward Lees, when
Secretary to the Postmaster-General in that country,
was to prevent embezzlement and fraud upon the
public. That the means were suited to the end appears
from the fact that in 1823 the Bank of Ireland had to
pay 12,0001. in lieu of moneys transmitted through the
Post-office, and there either lost or purloined ; and that
in 1826, all the Bank was required to pay, through a
similar cause, amounted to no more than 5001. In
1823 there was no " registration of double letters," in
1826 there was. Why a machinery which so effectually
tended to prevent either accidental loss or fraudulent
abstraction of money letters, in the Post-office depart-
ment, was cast aside by the Duke of Richmond, we
certainly never could understand. Neither can we con-
ceive why his Grace has taken to himself all the credit of
economising the " Inland-office," by " the consolidation
of the Inland, British Mail, Penny Post, and Alphabet
offices, and placing them under the immediate care and
management of the present superintending Presi-
dent," &c., when, upon a reference to the report
already cited, we find, in page 508, that Sir
Edward Lees, so far back as 1823—many years before
the Duke of Richmond had the remotest connection
with the Irish Post-office, recommended the putting
" the whole of these four branches under one active
head." In page 557, the same gentleman again says,
" when an opportunity offers I would certainly unite
the Inland British Mail, Letter-carriers, and Alphabet
offices under one effective control. I think the whole
of the Inland-office should be revised ; it is at too great
an expense." Thus it is seen that the Duke of Rich-
mond has not even the merit of inventing that useful
scheme of consolidation for which he takes to himself
all the credit ; and that his sole merit in the matter
consists in following up the judicious recommendation
of Sir Edward Lees ; of whom, we must observe, that
he appears throughout to have received severity and
censure, instead of approbation and thanks, for the
numerous improvements he introduced into the Irish
Post-office, and for the several other useful alterations he
suggested ; but, owing to the perpetual feud that raged
between Lords Rosse and O'Neil, and to other causes
which do not reflect the very highest credit upon the Noble
Earl who, under the old system, enjoyed the patronage of
the department, was unable to carry into effect. Turning
to page 15 of the " Return," we find a subsidiary
return, " showing the names or description of all
books, papers, and vouchers, belonging to the Post-
' office in Dublin, sold by auction, or otherwise disposd
11 of, in the year 1831," &c. In this supplemental do-
cument occurs the following passage :—" No account
was kept of the number of vouchers or books, and
none were disposed of which could be of any use?'
Is this the fact ? We rather think not. If we arc
not much mistaken, the revenue has suffered conside-
rably, in consequence of the sale of some of these
papers, " which could not be of any use"—the Post-
office department being obliged to compromise for large
amounts with defaulting deputy postmasters, the do-
cuments which could affect their sureties have been
disposed of. Should we have been misinformed, we
will cheerfully stand corrected. But our apprehension
is, that the statement is too true ; and that the econo-
mical system which has procured to the nation a gain
of 421. l Is. 6d., " with the sanction of long cus-
tom, and the knowledge of the Secretary," has oc-
casioned a loss of several hundreds of pounds.—Morn-
ing Chronicle.
Of the proceedings which occupied the House of
Commons during the last week, none will dispute the
importance, whether for good or evil. Let us consider
as clearly, calmly, and briefly as may be, how matters
stood at the opening of that week, and how at the
termination of those debates, which began on Wed-
nesday, and were closed on Saturday morning. The
Melbourne Cabinet has been frequently charged with
a stipulated subserviency to the schemes of the Irish
revolutionary faction, of which Messrs. Sheil and
O'Connell have been for some years the recognized
and active organs. In what shape, or through what
channels of negotiation, the bargain was prepared
and framed is of little moment ; nor do we attach
to the somewhat boastful declaration of the Learned
Member for Tipperary that such a bargain had
been concluded, and formally executed at Lichfield-
house, any weight at all comparable to that of the
evidence to be deduced from common sense, and from
the manifest nature and necessities of Lord Mel-
bourne's unfortunate position. Every man in the
kingdom saw from the outset that on the support of
the Irish Papist faction depended the existence of this
" Whig") Cabinet, and it was equally
(faplain.lsey calledithats
such a faction would not afford its protection
for nothing. The elements of a compact, therefore,
were inherent in the obvious relations of the parties ;
and through what means or by what machinery the
modus operandi should be settled was a thing not
difficult to understand, for those who were conversant
with the state of Ireland, and with the natural ob-
jects of Roman Catholic jealousy or desire. It is less,
we do think, to be attributed to the present Ministers,
as a vice in their principles, than in their external con-
dition, that they have fallen into a course of political
action so utterly ignominious for themselves, and ruin-
ous to the well-being of the monarchy. Reduced
as was the Whig interest by the last election,
to a degree of numerical weakness which would
have left it at the mercy of the Conservatives,
who exceeded the Whigs in the proportion of
two to one, or of the Radicals who outnumbered
them as three to one, the Melbourne Ministers had
but three alternatives, viz.,—first, to coalesce with Sir
R. Peel and the Duke of Wellington, which would
have involved the loss of at least a moiety of office, and
the sacrifice of an entire vengeance. This would have
mortified at once the two master passions of hatred and
cupidity ; or, second, to forego place and power alto-
gether by refusing to form an exclusive Whig Admi-
nistration, which implied an exercise of super-Whig dis-
interestedness ; or, third, to take possession of place
without power, subject to the over-ruling dictatorship,
of the O'Connell party—a proposition which, as it en-
tailed upon the Melbourne Cabinet nothing more mis-
chievous or humiliating than disgrace, was accepted
with eagerness and triumph. Of the policy which the
Melbourne Administration was thus self-compelled to
adopt, the advancement of Roman Catholic dominion,
at the expense of Protestantism in Ireland, was of
course to be the leading characteristic. There remained
only two symbols of Protestant power in that cow tr y—
the Corporations, which had been useless to any bene-
ficial end, and nothing better in the hands of Protestants
than engines for the exercise of an invidious, but im-
potent partiality—aid the Church, nct merely a badge
of Protestant sovereignty, but a bond of UlllOll between
Great Britain and Ireland, and in the latter island as
well as here, a main bulwark of the spirit of civil
liberty. The Corporations, therefore, unproductive
while in the hands of Protestants, of any real strength,
were doomed to such a reconstruction as should, when
governed and guided by the Popish priests, convert
them into magazines of offensive warfare against Pro-
testant interests and against English power. The
Church was to be overturned by a movement against
her essential rights and her vested property, carried on
under coverotfi
thean administration,iantetaechkveunpleointehesereftheti the her
deliberately,
d'PheeiPNlC l
li"'eli amid
Tithe Bill has been framed
almost expressly, for the accQmplishinent of this great

Tnt' SVIs4T,

tincle_ Its autholk Are not satisfied with providing for
the commutation orvk, including its immediate
transfer of one-third to 'thl landlords, its less imme-
diate but definite and certain abstraction, to the amount
of one-half, from the clergy of the Established Church,
together with a multitude of ingenious contrivances
fur pinching and harassing that devoted body—they,
the authors of the Bill, took care, in execution of the
task imposed upon them, to-affix to it an uncongenial
and frightful clause, which in the form of an'' abstract
principle "—an unwholesome excrescence upon British
kgislation—laid the groundwork of a series of fresh
assaults upon the property of the. Church, to be re-
peated as often as opportunity might serve, and to be
pushed with whatever fierceness and violence could he
brought to bear against the connexion between Church
and State, on the occurrence of every crisis favourable
to the projects of their enemies. The design of Lord
Stanley's motion was to introduce a measure of com-
prehensive and effectual tithe reform, only unincurn-
tiered with the pledge of a future destruction of the
Protestant establishment, by despoiling the clergy of
their subsistence under the name of surplus' or super-
fluity, and handing it over to the Popish priesthood, to
be by them employed as might suit their will and plea-
sure, either for their own personal emolument, for the
general purposes of the Popish hierarchy, or under
pretence of supplying education to the people,—an
education which, so furnished and directed, were many
degrees worse than none. This salutary and states-
manlike measure of Lord Stanley was met at the
threshold by Lord J. Russell, who avowed his repug-
nance to any bill for reforming the tithe system which
should not have incorporated with it a principle by which
the incomes of the Protestant clergy must be taken away
from them and turned over to Roman Catholic uses.
Perhaps, in the course of the depates we are now
alluding to, detailed calculations were dwelt upon with
needless diligence. Had the difference regarded merely
matters of arithmetical proportion, they might have
been adjusted without much trouble ; but the real
question was one of principle—of a principle whose
value in the eyes of Lord J. Russell's most promi-
nent and clamorous supporters, depended not upon its
abstract justice, but upon the certainty and facility
with which it was hereafter to be enforced against the
Protestant Establishment. The main weight of the
discussion being centred here, we may pass by all the
speeches but those whose chief object was to develope
or disguise the future working of that one principle—
namely, the principle of " appropriation." Nothing
is so striking throughout the whole case, as the dis-
cord between the ostensible purpose of the Ministerial
Bill and the broad confessions of its Irish advocates,
that it was incapable of producing any such result.
The Ministers declared in the preamble of their Bill,
that the intent of it was to tranquillize Ireland. If
there be any meaning in such words, it must be that
the passing of this Bill into a law would satisfy all the
demands of the Roman Catholics, in respect of Church
property and exclusive rights. It were to be wished
that his Majesty's Ministers had either been more
honest or less ignorant upon a point so necessary to
be well understood before they had submitted such a
bill to Parliament. Listen to the Roman Catholic
commentators upon this Ministerial text. Mr. Shea
made a speech which in some particulars was worthy
of the reputation of that Learned Gentleman. We
do not mean that it was the speech of a statesman,
opening enlarged view of sound or liberal policy for
the administration of Ireland—nothing of that ; nor
was it a speech calculated to win public confidence or
esteem for the speaker. Throughout, it was a decla-
matory epigram, where some gleams of lurid light
were flung by a feverish imagination across the vapour
of the Learned Gentleman's volubility. Of argument
in support of the measure of Ministers Mr. Sheil's ad-
dress which makes a show in the newspapers, con-
tained not one solitary fraction. It contained, indeed,
some argument against the Bill of his Majesty's
Ministers. After a clumsy personality or two against
Lord Stanley, Mr. Sheil paraded, as is usual, his
" seven millions." Now, let us ask the Learned Gen-
tleman, why does he refer the British Parliament
to this master-roll of Irish numbers ? He cannot be
absurd enough to fortify an argument by putting it
into the mouth of seven millions of illiterate and pre-
judiced mob ; and what is more, the Learned Gentle-
man signifies no such thing. He alludes to the seven
millions as dealing with pikes, not principles. He
attempts to frighten us with this exhibition of physical
force. Will he then make, or instigate the wretched
dupes whom he speaks of to make, a practical experi-
ment in correspondence with such a menace ? We
apprehend not. What game, then, is he playing but
" fast and loose"—threatening one thing, and intend-
ing another ? Mr. Sheil boasts that the " will of the
people" is to force this scheme of appropriation down
the throat of England. 'When will is founded on
wisdom, well and good ; but a will created, fabricated,
coined, and made current by the arts of excitement
hourly practised before our eyes, whatever Mr. Sheil
may think of it, has no moral ascendancy over the
judgment, nor pressure upon the nerves, of English-
men. So Mr. Sheil draws a parallel between Russia
and Great Britain, alleging that the attempt of Russia
to " inflict upon Poland" a religion alien to her own,
would in nowise differ from the inflictioc of Protes-
tantism upon Ireland! He compares the establishment
of a Greek clergyman in every Polish village to the
establishment (300 years old) of a Protestant clergy-
man in every Irish village. He asks whether Scotland
would endure that an Episcopalian minister should be
planted in every parish of that kingdom. Is not this
outspoken ? Is there any mystification here ? Does
not this enjoin upon the Irish Papists the duty, the
patriotic duty, not merely of refusing to pay their
tithe, but of expelling Protestant clergymen from Ire-
land, even as Episcopalians were expelled from Scot-
land, and as such a Greek priesthood ought to be by
the persecuted Poles ? Why, what is this but a regu-
lar and audacious assault upon the existence of the
Church of Ireland—not upon its abuses, but its very
being What Conservative denies that the abuses of
discipline, the unjust distribution of revenue, the un-
just possession of pluralities—all and every thing that
constitutes " abuse," should be at once abolished ?
About such there is no longer the shadow of a ques-
tion, and the reference to things not defended by Pro-
testants on either side is a gross want of honesty in
Papists. But what a commentary is this upon- the
fraud of Ministers in putting forth as a tranquillizer
of Ireland the bare and barren assertion of an
ab-
stract principle, authorizing the appropriation to
general purposes of a surplus above the sums
which may be necessary to provide a liberal support.
for clergymen, when here comes Mr. Sheil to allege
as lie does most emphatically, though obliquely,
that Protestant clergymen, beyond the individuals now
living, have, in fact, no claims at all—that all their
income is " surplus," applicable to what he terms
national, or, in other words, Popish uses, as much
as time stipends of a Greek priesthood
asindelio:PiHionliweeatailitird.:
%ai:giogaui
upon
aolb:loe
tthi justly,ecr
egthen seizablecperi
eos tf bf
they disaffection,t\h ve Whig-Radical
.oul
separate from the
principle,
cwi tranquillize
Daniel
O'Connell,tlr nistry that an abstract
dis-
turbers application
o f th
co of
peace
et
in principle,lreand. Mr.
just
in a speech of violent declamation, displaying
the same amount of argument or fairness at's the
ears of an Irish rabble are accustomed to from the
.—Mr. Daniel O'Connell
not
"voluntary only
pin
insi-
nuates, but asseverates broadly, the positive right of
same quarter.
himself and his Popish multitude to extinguish the
professed Church
Papist ! talks of the •
propriety
lolfe,lateland—to set up the
of every man paying his own clergyman. Why, was
it not truly said by Mr. Whittle Harvey that it is im-
possible for a Papist to be an advocate for the volun-
tary principle ? The temporal Church of Rome is an
establishment in its very essence a jealous, domineering,
monopolizing, tyrannical establishment, persecuting
every other creed where it dares, assuming toleration
only where it dares not torment. For any pretender
to the tenets of Popery to whisper a word against the
general_ doctrine of establishments is too ridiculous.
This agitator, too, as well became him, launched out
into superfluous and uncandid railings against tithe by
name, as a noxious tax—superfluous again, we say--
because all parties have agreed upon the expediency
of commuting them. But the important fact is this
—s-Parliament is importuned; the House of Lords is
menaced ; all mankind are appealed to that this Bill
may pass, as a means of restoring peace to Ireland

N, MONDAY, JUNE 6, 1536.

while it is proclaimed by the very faction for whom,
and under whose dictation, the principle of alienating
a " surplus" of Church property to Popish.us has
become the cornet-stone of the Melbourne po-

licy, that it will not quiet or settle the disturbed
state of the island, for that the existence of any
Protestant Church is treason to the rights of Roman
Catholics, and a rank " injustice to the Irish people."
So far from promoting the tranquillity of Ireland, the
chief recommendation of this measure to the agitators,
in and out of Parliament, is its tendency to accomplish
that which it does not profess, and the increased faci-
lities which it places within their reach for disturbing
more fatally than ever the course of the laws, and the
peace of the community. The motion of Lord Stan-
ley, and the whole discussion upon it, without reference
to the exact amount of the minority, which is to us of
small signification, we feel to be of greater value than
any thing that has occurred in Parliament since the
Reform Bill passed. It has completely unmasked the
wretched condition of the Ministers, and exposed the
frightful dangers in which they have involved the em-
pire. Both one and the other were hitherto a subject
of plausible controversy on the part of his Majesty's
Government—they now stand conspicuous and con-
fessed.— Times.

On the Committee of Supply, the other night, Mr.
Goulburn very properly called the attention of the
Chancellor of the Exchequer to the havoc made in
Kensington-gardens by cutting down whole rows of
ornamental timber, which, as the Right Hon. Gentle-
man expressed it, " had so long served the purpose of
an agreeable shade, and to which the public had been
accustomed to look with feelings of respectful venera-
tion." He added an expression of his regret, in
which all persons of taste and good feeling must cor-
dially join ; " that those who had the power of doing
such extensive mischief were not subjected to some
better control before they applied their axe in so in-
discriminate and destructive a manner." We directed
public attention to this subject some time ago, and de-
scribed the devastation which the axe of the " destruc-
tives" has made in these once beautiful gardens, now
denuded and disfigured by the tasteless violence which
Mr. Goulburn noticed with just indignation, and to
which Mr. Spring Rice could give no better answer
than a sorry joke. The " jokes of the rich," says
Goldsmith," " are always successful ;" and, of course,
the joke of a Chancellor of the Exchequer, how-
ever deficient in wit or point, is sure to make the
admirers of official jocularity laugh. England is,
perhaps, the only civilized country in the world in
which the levity of a Minister relative to such acts of
wanton destruction, could provoke a smile. Kensing-
ton-gardens, until very lately, were not only ornamen-
tal to the neighbourhood of the metropolis in a high
degree, but he would venture to say, as a specimen of
landscape gardening, were equal to anything of the
sort to be found in this country or any other, where
the scene not indebted to nature for any of its attrac-
tions, was formed by the hand of creative taste. If we
mistake not Kent laid out those gardens as they were,
with the exception of the changes that time produced,
and the alterations consequent upon removing decayed
trees and supplying their place by others, for, strange
to say, although Mr. Spring Rice does not know the
fact, there was a constant succession of trees kept up
for ornament and shade, without any alteration of the
sylvan character of the scene. But the axe of modern
vandalism has not been restrained to the cutting down
aged and decayed trees. It has felled the most beau-
tiul portions of the timber—it has destroyed the wild
and picturesque character of the scene, and spread
waste and devastation around. In all this the Chan-
cellor of the Exchequer has the support of Mr. Hume,
and if they succeed in reforming our institutions as
they have " reformed " Kensington-gardens, barbarous
and unsparing indeed is the destruction which they will
have substituted for improvement.—Morning Herald.
The speech of Sir R. Peel on the Irish tithe ques-
tion, although from the late hour of the morning at
which the Right Hon. Baronet addressed the House,
it was impossible to convey to the public a full or ade-
quate report of that splendid and triumphant oration,
has made a sensation out of doors little inferior to that
which it produced among those who had the good for-
tune to catch the persuasive and convincing accents of
the orator as they fell from his lips. It was the theme
of conversation in every society on Saturday and yes-
terday ; and it was acknowledged by all, by those whom
it delighted and by those whom it reproved and chas-
tised, to have been an effort of astonishing and match-
less power. It left none of the fallacies now ad-
vanced—none of the artifices heretofore practised—
by the enemies of the Protestant Church, unex-
posed. It placed the sacred rights of that Institu-
tion upon a foundation secure and unassailable--in
their natural association with the highest and
most enduring interests of the community ; and
it overthrew and trampled down with gigantic energy
and force the pigmy assailants who seek to subvert the
National Church, sparing neither those whose animo-
sity springs from a bigoted hatred of the divine truths
of which that Church is the faithful guardian, nor
those more contemptible partisans, the Swiss of the
impious warfare, who have enlisted in the cause, from
the mercenary inducements of place and pay. All who
listened to Sir Robert Peel, and all who have read his
masterly and statesmanlike address, are impressed with
the same consciousness, that the statements and argu-
ments it contains are wholly unanswerable—a convic-
tion which has only gathered strength from whatever
attempts have been made (lame and impotent, truly,
those attempts have been) to reply to any portion of
what fell from that accomplished senator. Sir R. Peel
contrasted the liberal remuneration allowed to the menial
servants of the House of Commons with the pittance
which, under Lord Morpeth'sßill, will be the maximum
of income enjoyed by any parochial minister of the altar.
This comparison, one of the most apt, seasonable,
appropriate, and striking that could have been re-
sorted to for the elucidation of the truth the Speaker
intended to enforce, is denounced as inapplicable and
unfair. And why is it inapplicable and unfair.?
Because, forsooth, the incomes of many English Cler-
gymen are greatly inferior to those of the door-keepers
and messengers of the House of Commons, and Sir R.
Peel, if he would follow up the spirit of his comparison,
ought to propose an extensive augmentation of ecclesi-
astical revenue. Was there ever before heard from the
lips of man, woman, or child such puerile trifling as this ?
According to the logic of Mr. Spring Rice, and those
who follow in his track of reasoning, the provision for
many of the Clergy being now inadequate is a circum-
stance which justifies and sanctifies an enactment to
enforce universal poverty among the clerical body.
" As it is impracticable to elevate the incomes of
the Ministers of the Church in Ireland and England
to the proper amount, Jet us," say these consistent
reasoners, " create a surplus out of the funds of
the Church, by depressing those clerical incomes which
now approximate in any degree towards that amount.
As we cannot give a competency to all, the next
best thing is to take something away from all whose
incomes approach to a competency. The Church
requires aid—therefore let us plunder the Church."
One of the most judicious and effective portions of Sir
R. Peel's speech was that in which he adverted to the
prophetic anticipations of Mr. Shiel as to the happy
consequences to be produced in Ireland by the measure
of Roman Catholic Emancipation. That measure
once passed, all was to be peace and harmony in Ire-
land. The trade of agitation was to die a natural
death. Roman Catholic barristers were to be de-
magogues no more, and to think of nothing but
getting fees and living honestly by their professional
exertions. Above all, the rights and endowments of
the Protestant Church were thenceforth to create in
no Roman Catholic mind any feeling of envy, hatred,
or malice. These things Mr. Shiel, Mr. O'Connell,
and others, whom we now find instigators of the anti-
tithe war, and promoters in Parliament of a measure
of Church robbery, prophesied of others and pro-
mised for themselves—prophesied and promised
deliberately and solemnly, upon their honour as
gentlemen, and their veracity as men, before
Committees of the House of Commons—upon their
oaths as Christians before a Committee of the House
of Lords. The same men who have keptac tt
eht their et
bi r;p
iieewordsico rscLord
and their oaths as we now see, these false prophets, 4s
to. the conduct of others and their own, n 027
athmaotunpteaocfechwuilrlehenrsoubeberiyn
whichlrelandis from
.en
Morpeth's Bill. Sir Robert Peel very properly irrti- ,
mated 61M ate his 119, Mficleße it,A c'he, ktesi4ht of

prophets of this description, and that, in his judg-
ment, their prediction was quite enough to show the
strong probability that the things predicted would not
come to pass. The argumentum ad honiznem was
never, perhaps, employed with so much felicity, vigour,
and success as in this instance. The Chancellor of
the Exchequer came to the rescue, with the very
old, very stupid, and very dishonest argument, that
the continued agitation in Ireland, notwithstand-
ing the concession of the Catholic claims, and in
defiance of the prophecies, and promises, and
oaths of the leading claimants, was the consequence
of that concession having been so long delayed ;
as if the promises, and prophecies, and oaths
had been conditional upon the celerity of the
concession, or as if they had not been maintained in
full vitality and vigour through the whole period of
delay, not merely for want of being retracted or qua-
lified by the givers, but by reiterated and express re-
ferences to them, and arguments founded upon them
without number, by other men in the presence of the
givers, and by the givers themselves, tp. to, for a
short time (it was very short) after:, e.!iie Emancipation
Bill, as it was called, hpa received the Royal assent.
A good Papist could give a better reason than the mi-
serable subterfuge of Mr, Spring Rice for all that has
occurred. The Right Hon. Gentleman, indeed, had
mueli Letter have remained silent ; but perhaps it is a
condition of the confederacy that, with weapons or with-
out, ono Cabinet Minister, at least, must always come
to the rescue of any discomfited retainer of Mr. O'Con-
nell. The Roman Catholic demagogues, Bishops and
Priests, swore to their belief that a state of affairs would
ensue from the measure which they right well knew
would not ensue, which they never intended should ensue,
which they could not willingly permit to ensue, without
ceasing to be good Roman Catholics. As to the oaths, they
were sworn for a good Popish purpose. And, if they
were wilful perjuries, what then ? Did not the end
justify the means? And had not the perjurers, be-
sides, full and ample absolution day by day accord-
ing to the period and the measure of their sin ?
Thus we see that the caustic allusion of Sir
R. Peel to the prophecies of the Honourable and
Learned Member for Tipperary was not an ar-
gumentum ad hominem merely, but an argu-
mentum ad rein of the most forcible and con-
clusive character. " If," says Mr. Spring Rice,
" 50,000/. annually, paid from the surplus of
Church property were to give peace to Ireland, why
quarrel with such an application of it ?" But who
says that this will give peace to Ireland ? Who but
the very men who said and swore all that Sir R.
Peel so judiciously quoted as to the effect of the
Emancipation Bill ? They then abjured the thougbt
of making any attack upon Church property. Now
50,0001. a year of that property is demanded as
the price of peace, the price to be paid beforehand.
But will the commodity thus paid for be honestly
delivered ? Where is the guarantee ? What is
even the probability ? May not 50,000/. more be
demanded next year, and again to be paid before-
hand ? May not another 50,0001. be demanded
the year following, with the same condition of previous
payment, the trick and the triumph of fraudulent
sellers ? May not this process be repeated until every
shilling of the revenue of the Irish Church is em-
braced in the insatiable grasp of Popish tyranny and
turbulence ? Is there not a moral certainty that this
will be the nature and the end of the process, if the
principle of alienating Church property for the pur-
chase of peace be once recognized and established ?
The Legislature would be dealing with men, as the
former prophecies of Mr. Sheil and others sufficiently
prove, in whose opinions there is no faith, in whose
promises there is no faith, in whose oaths there is no
faith ; and what the natural consequences would be we
need not ask. Peace is not to be bought by a traffic
so dishonest and so ignominious. Robbery of the
Church for the gratification and excitement of Roman
Catholic envy, hatred, and vengeance, is not the road
to peace. That road can only be found in a vigilant
and a vigorous enforcement of the law ; in teaching the
refractory subjects of the State, of whatever class, of
whatever faith, that the law, if they persist in their
conflict with it, must eventually prove too strong for
them ; and in combining with the due execution of the
law every measure that seems calculated to increase the
efficiency and the influence of the Protestant Church,
and of the religion of charity and peace.—]Worn. Post.
Lord John Russell has issued a circular to the Li-
beral Members of the House of Commons, requesting
their attendance at a meeting to be held to-morrow at
the Foreign-office, in Downing-street, for the purpose
of taking into consideration the best course to be pur-
sued in respect to the Bill which the Lords have re-
turned in lieu of that sent up.by the Commons for the
reform of the Municipal Corporations of Ireland.
Though there can be but one opinion entertained as to
the reception which the Commons should give to this
Bill, so insolently and fraudulently attempted to be
foisted upon them, yet we consider the intended meet-
ing to be most desirable, in order to give due solemnity
and effect to the proceedings which it is incumbent on
the Ministers and the Members really representing po-
pular feelings in the House of Commons, to adopt
in the momentous crisis which the audacious and
despotic attempt of the Lords has accelerated, if not
altogether provoked. Now is the time to make a
firm and decisive stand against their usurpation—now
must be determined, once and for ever, whether the
people of Great Britain are to be governed by laws
emanating from their representatives, or by the man-
dates issued from an hereditary Chamber, cut off by
habit, sentiment, and circumstance, from all sympathy
with the bulk of the people, whom they are taught and
accustomed to regard only as instruments subsidiary
to the gratification of aristocratic wants, aristocratic
luxury, profligacy, and tyranny. The idea of a com-
promise can be no longer entertained. If there were
but one or a casual difference between the two branches
of the Senate, a compromise or mutual concession
might be preferable to extreme measures ; but it is not
on one isolated point that the Lords have opposed the
wishes of the people, but on all measures calculated to
extend the liberties or advance the prosperity of the
people. Look at the proceedings of last session. The
Lords gave the utmost possible opposition to the En-
glish Municipal Reform Bill—the English Tithe Coin-
mutation Bill—the Bills for the relief of Jews and Dis-
senters, for the abolition of imprisonment for debt, &e,--
and only when further opposition was impossible, without
coining to an open rupture, was a mutilated and im-
perfect measure of municipal reform granted to the
people of England. On that occasion we so-
lemnly recorded our protest against the conces-
sions of the Commons, and the result has proved
whether it was politic or impolitic to yield, and be-
come parties to the wrong which the Lords perpe-
trated against the principle of representative govern-
ment and the general rights of the people. What has
been tile consequence of concession to the maimed
measure of English Municipal Reform in the last
Session? The attempt to abolish Irish Corporations
in this. In fact, for their 014'11 sake as well as for the
safety of the State and the efficient dispatch of public
business, the Lords must be taught a lesson—they
must be taught, by one means or other, that the
people will not succumb to the dictation of any party
in the State, and least of all to the tyranny of un-
elected and irresponsible Senators, who, in a practical
point of view, can scarcely be considered as other
than supernumeraries. It is not one measure that is
delayed by the refractory opposition of the Lords, but
all public business is more or less interrupted, and all
reforms frustrated ; and such will continue to be the
case until a change be effected in the constituent ele-
ments of that assembly. Let us then look boldly un
the nature of the position in which we are played, and
not close our eyes to the dangers which threaten us.
A reform of the House of Lords is necessary and in-
evitable ; it may he difficult of accomplishment, but it
will he infinitely more difficult to carry on the work of
regeneration through our political system without such
a preliminary. Thanks to Reform, England is at pre-
sent in a condition of unprecedented prosperity, but still
better days are before her, if she be true `to the prin-
ciple of popular liberty. 13ut What Is the condition of
Ireland ? Wrong:o,l, destitute, degraded, appealing
for ;listice and assuming an attitude which shows her
J
determined upon the assertion of her rights. Shall we
refuse her demands, and leave her to work out her sal-
vation by her own means, instead of securing her in
the bosom of the constitution, and forming with her a
solid union against mutual oppression? Let the Mem-

hers who meat to-mortow bear in mind that any con-
cession in the present case will only accelerate the
catastrophe with which the state is threatened by lordly
injustice. There is no middle course—the emergency
is one in which half measures are inadmissible. Those
who are not for us are against us. The vote must ha
either for the Lords or for the people, and any WO
moiler who stands neuter or takes part with the op-
ic)oresistor)rsr.lzuo,m,ig
fhis.cllass, is a traitor to himself and 10
u,
Advertiser.

A MIRACLE OF HONESTV.—At a party 014 other
evening, several gentlemen contested the honotit 11". having
done the most extraordinary things—a certain lca.ned gentle-
man was appointed to be the sole judge. o:,e produced his
tailor's bill, with a receipt attached to it--a buzz went through
the room that this would not be outd.one ; when a second
proved that he had arrested his
""Flie palm is his,"
Was the universal cry ; when a third o
served, " Gentlemen-
-1 cannot boast of the feats of either of
my predecesso”-,
but I have returned to the owners two
s
t7,7ior for money lent to hit
umbrell-
atribiaittetrLey,,htandisleifst atth
cried th'es
and unheard-of deeds; the prize is yours."
FALL OF THE LANDER COLUMN AT TRLTRO,---
emvye very house."
ne I'll bear
o om
honestyore '
The column which was last year commenced at Truro to the
African traveller, Richard Lander, fell down w';.n a tremen-
dous crash on Saturday se'nnight. A scitlement had lately
been observed at the base, and an exptiiment was made to put
the strength of the foundation to the test, when it gave .an
under the operation. The escape of the architect and work-
men° was almost miraculous. They had barely time leap
from the scaffold before the whole was a heap of ruins. The
work will be immediately recommenced.
GREECE.—Extract of a letter from Athens dated
May 2.—" The absence of the King is likely to produce ,
0
general rebellion. The insurgents, who had retired to
frontiers, have already advanced again. All the environs
Zeitouni are a prey to fire and sword. The smaller bands
y displa a frightful audacity, and the Government troops do not
move -from the plains. General Gordon, the Commander-in-
Chief_
of the Peloponnesus, remains inactive, and General
George, another English officer, who has been appoints .5
the command in the north, has not been able to establish tie
head- quarters at Livadia. There is no more money in to
Treasury. The King of Bavaria has promised Count
d'Armansperg to lend him 2,000,000 of drachmas. Count
d'Armansperg is anxiously expecting this relief. The Eng:
lish Envoy has also promised an advance. The Government":
has expended during the year 1835, either in specie or al
credit, 25,230,000 drachmas. The deficit at the end Of the
year, therefore, was upwards of 6,400,000 drachms. 'II"?
e
Treasury is also very much in debt on account of the present
year, and particularly from the expenses of the jouraics of the
two Kings. In 1835 the expenses of the navy were at most
460,000 drachmas; the departments of public-,nstructionf in'
dustry, highways, &c., have absolutely coat nothing. The
Nomos of Achaia and Messenia are only -waiting for afavour-
able moment to rise in a mass, and plae:s of a similar nature are
formed by the inhabitants of Argos and Attica, who have the
constitution and the dismissal of •,:ne Bavarians for their rally'
ing cry."—Galignani.
His Majesty's birthrlay was celebrated on Saturdal
at Paris, by a spllndid fete champetre given by Lord and Lel,
Granville, in the hotel of the British embassy. The comPaei
commented arriving at three o'clock p.m., and by five there
were near I,boo persons assembled. Dancincr was to have
ten place on the magnificent lawn in the garden, which via°
supplied accordingly with what was required for the accomm°-
dation of the company; but the coolness of the temperature
drove the dancers into the ball-room. At six o'clock a dinner,
called a dejeuner, was served on a multiplicity of tables, 1111,
out in the State dining-room and different other rooms. I'
eight more company arrived, and dancing was resumed, and
kept up until midnight, when the music ceased, and the com-
pany began to take their departure.
The hospital of Valencay, the foundation of
is due to the munificence of Prince Talleyrand, with
al
this moment a splendid chalice, ornamented with preci.ous
stones, representing the principal scenes of the passion. The
chalice, which is worth at least 30,000 francs, was
given by
Pope to the old family of the King of Poland. The hospital
has received it from the Polish Princess Poniatowski, 01°
died a short time ago at Valencay, and is buried in a chaPe*
close to the hospital. which
HORRIBLE MURDER.—A most horrible and de'
liberate murder was committed in Jersey on Monday se'nnight.
by Francis Caillot, public crier in St. Helier's. It appears
that he had, for some time past, paid his addresses to a young
woman named Williams, who lived near the Fir Tower, on the
St. Aubin's road ; but she, hearing that he was already mar"
ried, very properly refused to receive his addresses any longer'
However, on that morning, he walked boldly into, the house,
and, going up to her, very deliberately took out a pistol from hts
pocket, which he presented to her breast, fired, and lode
the contents therein. The poor girl fell, and died almost im-
mediately I Information was instantly given to the police.
When the Constable seized Caillot, he asked him if he still
had the pistol in his possession, when he answered in the ne,
gative ; and, in a state of great excitement said,
it I am read,'
to die—even now, if necessary." On searching his person. 1"
small pocket-pistol was taken from him. He has been merle"
many years, and has several children living ; his wife, we are
told, sells fruit at market, but such have been his
„intemperate
and dissolute habits for some time, that she had found it im-
possible to live with him, and therefore had obtained a sel3l‘
ration from the Court. His unfortunate victim (Mary Wil-
liams), on receiving the contents of the pistol, could only ex'
claim " Oh ! my mother, my mother!" when she dropped ott
the floor, and five minutes after expired.
At the Theatre San Carlos, at Naples, during the
performance of the ballet of Ulysse, a young dancer, Afdlle•
Aubry, who appeared as Minerva, whilst descending from the
clouds, fell on the stage from a height of fifteen or twenty
feet, and broke her thigh, owing to the machinery giving waP
The King, who was present, on the following day granted her
a pension of 801.
SNOW.—There still remain many. immense drifts °f
snow on several of the higher mountains in Cumberland'
particularly on Scawfell and Helvellyn. Our Keswick 01'
respondent informs us that he, in company with some friends,
,
on the 29th ult., inspected one drift not far from the top 0'
Helvellyn, on the Patterdale side of the mountain, near toe
place called Swirrel Edge, which was upwards of twenty feet
deep.— Whitehaven Herald.
The Court of Assizes has been occupied several
days with the trial of two Spaniards named Pereyra and Ui'
loqui, and the girl Plouvier, mistress of the latter who Weie.
arraigned on the charge of having murdered and after cards
robbed Juan Ferrer, a Spanish priest. The two latter prisal;
ers were implicated by the assertion of Pereyra,
%oho first
charged them with being the murderers, and afte,ewards
Oared that they being all three together at Ferrees house °II
to
the evening the deed was perpetrated, Ulloqui, attempted
strangle the priest, upon which he ( Pereyra) struck at Vll°,l
qui with a sharp instrument, which missed him, andkills
Ferrer. The testimony of the witnesses did not go
against "'a
loqui, or his mistress, but bore hard upon Pereyra. Several
of them, however, gave both the male prisoners
very bad chi.
ratters, and it was proved that both of them had before been
in the hands of justice. The admission of Pereyra that the
blow was struck by him, the fact of divers effects of the de-
ceased having been found upon him, which was fully proved,
and the testimony of numerous witnesses that went in corro-
boration of the principal evidence, determined the opinien
the jury, who yesterday delivered a verdict of Guilty
again...l4
Pereyra, and Not Guilty in favour of Ulloqui and girls
Plouvier. the
Plouvier. The Court, in consequence, accrated the two lot
ter, and condemned Pereyra to death, Galignani's Mss"
senger.

A walking-stick, recently presented to Mr. Sopwithp
surveyor, of this town, which we have had the pleasure of in-
specting, contains in the dimensions of an ordinary cane the
following materials for writing and drawing :—Two inkstands,
pens, penknife, ivory folder, lucifer matches, scaling wit'‘
and wafers, a wafer stamp, wax taper several sheets of pos
letter paper and card paper, a complete and highly-finish
set of drawing instruments, ivory rule and scales, lead an
hair pencils, Indian rubber, Indian ink, a thermometer, and ti`
beautiful and well poised magnetic compass. The whole are
so arranged as to admit of any of the instruments being used
with great facility.—Newcastle Journal.
A shocking accident occurred Thursday afternocul
on the premises of Mr. Raphael, a dairyman, residing at ?I°.
2, Argyll-street, near the King's Cross. Mr. Raphael re;
quiring to have a cesspool in ene of the out-buildings clearr
out, employed a man of the name of Richard Geary, t° °
it. Geary, accompanied by one of his men, proceeded in the
work, having first lowered a candle for the purpose of ascer-
taining the state of the air below, and, finding that it burnt'
the man descended, and was some time engaged in
clearing
away the surface water; but at the moment of his touching
the soil, the effluvium escaped to such a degree as to mos°
him to call for help. His master descended to his assistanc°,
but immediately fell a victim to the noxious vapour. The_
bodies were taken out with grappling-irons in about half an
hour, and medical assistance was immediately procured, but,
all efforts to restore life were unavailing. They 'nave WI"
left large families.
A serious accident occurred on Tuesday evening
last, to Rhodes, guard of the London and L,Juth mail. Some
malicious wretch had placed a number of large stones in the
high-way, near Lingerhouse-bar, for the purpose, it is gene
;
rally believed, of upsetting the coaches on that road On t"
up-mail reaching the spot, one of the wheels went over a
stone, and the shock was so great as to shake the guard. out
of his seat on to the road. He was conveyed to SPrAint
where he was bled, having sustained much injury.-- osto
Herald.
13 I RD-MIND.--The bird-mind is the same bird-
mind from generation to generation. The nightingale is now
what the nightingale was four and six thwasand years ago-7
nothing less—nothing more. The eagle is as capable of ad-
vancement as the sparrow. The common fowl,
found in all regions and climates of the globe,
is
in each one
exactly alike in its functions, faculties, and habits. The song-
which is-
found
warble now just as t'nay have done ever since hrunan
history has noticed them It is this conforming
which separates birds and all animals w
widely
ro rrssion is as
infgre
from man.
They never inapoe; while his capability of p
shg n Turner'
yet illimitable, and may perhaps ever be.so.
THE FI NCHL EY FIRE.--The incenthat-le
fire to the public house at Finchley are supposed
J. Robinson, labourers, named W. Spencer and incendiaries
_Sew:
been examined before a Magistrate,
examination. It appears they
to Mr. Parbury's, and were always well treated, but on the
had haenet at remanded
i'n the habit of going'
for further
night before the fire they had been turned out for misconduct-
ing themselves.