The Sun.
London, England, 1822-04-16 00:00:00

SPAIN.

MADRID, APRIL 3.—(Private Carrqpondencf.)

SITTING of •rut: COItTES or THE 36T11 MAILCII.

A petition was read, signed by several indivi-
duals of the Militia of Navarre, praying, that in
order to avoid a renewal of the horrible scenes
of the 19th, at Pampeluna, the militia and all the
inhabitants of that town should be disarmed, and
that the illustrious Regiments of Toledo, Barce-
lona, Jaen, and Blostulric, should be maintained
at their expense; in short that the town should
be governed by a Military Commission.—Refer-
red to the Government.

On a Petition from the Duchess of Lucca, for
the payment of an alimentary pension, the Cortes
declared that the pension should be the same as
those of the Infants of Spain.

SITTING OF THE 31ST.

The Report of the Committee was read re-
specting the charges against the Minister Salva-
dor, General Morillo, &c. _ _ _

A proposition of M. Valdes for getting rid of
the immediate discussion was rejected , 69 to SG.
There was an evening sitting, which lasted
from eight o'clock till three in the morning. The
Cortes, after a stormy debate, decided that there
were grounds for accusation against the Ex-Mi-
nister of War, Sanchez Salvador, the Fiscal, the
Auditor of War, and the Generals, Members of
the Council, except General Morillo.
In the Sitting the Ist April, General Valdes
was elected President.

The Minister of War has sent, by a special
Messenger, orders to the regiments of Cavalry
of Lusitania, of Infantry of Seville, and of Im-
perial Alexander, to proceed to Pampeluna, and
place themselves under the orders of General
Lopez Banos.
The Cortes decided yesterday, that the officers
who swore allegiance to the intrusive King, shall
he considered unworthy of ever serving in the
Spanish army.
Nothing positive is known of the Secret Sit-
ting which took place the night before last, but
many rumours are in circulation, some pretend-
ing that the Cortes met to discuss a proposition of
the Government concerning a counter-cordon on
the frontier; others, that the Ministers submitted
an exposition of the impoverished state of the
treasury, and their inability to pay the demands
of the day ; and a third, that the Ministry pre-
sented a message from the King of the highest
importance, the purport of which is still a secret.
(Extract from another Private Letter of the
same date.)—Within these four days there have
been three Secret Committees of the Cortes.—
It is reported that they have been held in
consequence of the arrival of General Es-
pelletta, who is come to give an account of
the events in Navarra. Many rumours are
in circulation on this subject. It is asserted
that the Minister Martinez de la Rosa has
promised to the Cortes that he will demand
frank explanations from the King respecting
his personal relations with other Cabinets, which
are supposed not to be unconnected with the
troubles in Navarra. General Alava is stated to
have delivered to the Secretaries several docu-
ments of great importance on this subject.
APRIL s.—The last letters received here from
Lisbon state that Brazil has declared itself in-
dependent, and has proclaimed the Prince Royal,
who governed in the name of Portugal.
The American schooner Cecilia has arrived at
St. Sebastian, in 33 days from Puerto Cabello;
she brings dispatches for the Government.
The Universal and the Expectador of the sth,
which we have received, make no mention of the
tragical scenes which it was pretended had
taken place either at Madrid or at Aranjuez.

An Official Return to an Order of the House
of Commons of the Establishment for the Collection of the
Customs in Ireland, states the annual amount of salaries at the
Port of Dublin at £64,585 ls. 10d. ; this includes five Com-
missioners, whose total salary iS £5,300 ; one of these offices,
annual salary £l,OOO, is now vacant. A like return for Eng-
land for the Port of London, includes nine Commissioners at
£1,400 a-year each, with £6OO additional to the Chairman,
and £3OO additional to the Deputy Chairman.

THE SUN.

SOLEM QUIS DICERE F.ILSUM AtillEAT ?

LONDON,
TUESDAY, APRIL 16, 1822.

We have received the Paris Papers of Satur-
day, from which we give extracts in another
column. The intelligence they contain continues
to be of a warlike complexion ; and it would
appear that the Court of Vienna, and the Rus-
sian Ministers in the Austrian capital, do not en-
tertain sanguine hopes of the maintenance of
peace, since the last resolution of the Divan be-
came known, and that the conferences between
the Russian and Austrian Ministers are more
frequent, for the purpose, it is conjectured, of
concerting operations against Turkey, and ne-
gociating a plan of partition, in case the Turks
should be driven beyond the Bosphorus.--The
defeat of the Turkish fleets by the Greeks ap-
pears to be confirmed from various quarters, and
exhibited instances of gallantry and heroism on
the part of the Greeks which cannot fail to inspire

every British bosom with the warmest sympathy
in their cause.—The intelligence from Spain is
of a very recent date, and possesses considerable
interest.

PRIVATE AND AUTHENTIC CORRESPONDENCE.

[Received this Morning.]

PARIS, APRIL 13.—The French decidedly know nothing of
the principles of a Representative Government and a Constitu-
tional Opposition. On Thursday a man, condemned to six
years imprisonment for robbery, petitioned the Chamber, and
claimed his bastard .daughter, aged six years, which a Lady,
out of charity, had got removed from the abode of crime. Will
't be believed that NlA:gut:l. and For made this the pretext of
violent declamations against the Government, and the abuse of
power, which tended to preserve an infant from the contagious
vices of a jail and the society of convicted felons. This ex-
ample of the sentiments of the Opposition will not be lost on the
public mind ; they will now be duly appreciated by every one
who respects honour and virtue.
The troops sent to reinforce the Cordon Sanitaire on the
frontiers of Spain ;are treated with the greatest kindness by
the inhabitants, who are eminently loyalists ; this renders the
service less painful, and serves to maintain the troops in the
line of their duty. General DONNADIEU is appointed to com-
mand them : his opinions are too exalted, but they are in fa-
vour of royalism ; we hope they will be tempered with pru-
dence ; we would say to him, be not Royalist over much, or
you destroy the good effect produced by the exaggeration of the
Demagogues, MANUEL and Co.

A fellow who calls himself ",.41exander liarginet, of Gre-
noble," a libellist by profession, sometime since.wrote a pamph-
let, in which he accused the French Government of poisoning
BONAPARTE. As he was thought too insignificant for prose-
cution, it emboldened him to accuse in direct terms his Majesty
GEORGE IV. of having poisoned the Queen; Sir CHARLES
STUART represented the-fact to the Government, and he was
prosecuted. The Jury acquitted him on the ground, that in
the pamphlet their appeared nothing offensive to the person of
the King (Louis XVIII.) or against the safety of the. Estate
(France ! ! !)—Grown insolent by success, he has attacked the
Bourbons, under the form of a Chinese Apologue. The pamphlet
has been seized by the Police.
The fall in the Funds is attributable to the supposition of
war between Russia and Turkey ; as a proof that it has no other
cause, there was a report favourable to peace on Thursday, and
the Funds instantly rose one per cent.

Charleston Papers arrived this morning to the
15th March.
[from Me Paper cf the 14th March.]

By the Jane, M‘WiLLIA3t, we have received
Havannah Papers to the 3d instant.
The United States brig.Enterprize is busily
employed in convoying vessels in and out of
Havannah, and sees them safe off the coast of
Cuba.

1311IG CALCUTTA.—The return of the pilot
boats yesterday morning from their search for the
wreck of the Calcutta, and the report from them,
that it was seen with no living creature on it,
caused the most desponding fears that the whole
of the men on board had perished—and indeed
such apprehensions were too well grounded to
admit almost of a hope; but the appearance yes-
terday, about 10 o'clock, of the pilot boat Caro.
line,with an ensign flying at her main and a crowded
deck, raised the spirits of the citizens, and all was
anxiety till she came near enough to the shore
to proclaim her good fortune, that she had
brought the whole of the people from the deck.
Under heaven the crew of the Calcutta owe their
safety to the strength of that vessel ; she bore
the violence of the breakers for nearly forty
hours during awful weather; when the men were
taken off, she began to break in the quarter deck.
Extract of a Letter, dated Santiago de Chili, November 20.

" The Government of this country is proceeding with the
utmost regularity,—the best proof I can give you of which is,
that their paper, which might have been bought at 70 to 75
per cent. is now at 95 per cent. ; and as the whole of their
paper does not amount to 100,000 dollars, it will be extinguish-
ed by duties before the end of another year.—

- -
Columbian Stock is in demand at - 831 p, 831
Old Bonds 107 G 108
It being expected that the different Courts of Europe will fol-
low the example of the United States in acknowledging this
Government, there are scarcely any sellers of this Stock.

We trust those classes of the community which
regard with apprehension the entire and unre-
served allowance of what are termed the Catholic
Claims will lose no time and spare no exertion
in opposing, by all constitutional means, the
measure about to be introduced by Mr. CAN-
NING, of admitting Catholic Noblemen into the
House of Peers. The proposal is perhaps specious,
and will, no doubt, be defended as incapable of
leading to any serious consequence ; but if this
demand be once complied with, there remains no
substantial or sure barrier against any encroach-
ment which has yet been meditated by the most
determined advocates of Emancipation —The
present conciliatory scheme is, we believe,
good-naturedly listened to by some persons ;
first, because the concession seems so equitable;
and secondly, because it is so small. 1 t is true
these reasons are not advanced separately by the
advocates for compliance ; on the contrary, both
are confounded together for tl►e purpose of giv-
ing them a plausibility which they .would, in a
great measure, want if kept apart. It is said to be
very hard that a portion, and that so small a portion,
of our Nobility, comprising as it does some of the
oldest and highest names in the Peerage, should
at this day be precluded from attending on the
Sovereign in the High Court of Parliament, the
proudest and most honourable station that can be
claimed by any man of rank on the face of the
earth. This complaint would have much weight
if nothing but a dignity were claimed on behalf
of the excluded Peers ; but it must be remem-
bered that the great personages who sit in the
House of Peers attend there not only for them-
I selves but for the public ; not only to grace and

be graced, to pay homage to the Monarch and
receive distinction from him, but to share, and
as far as in them lies to determine, his counsels.
It is necessary to discriminate between a place
of honour and an office of influence ; between
conferring a dignity and reposing a trust. Cor-
dons and crosses may be safely distributed among
men of all religions, because these distinctions
are merely personal, and affect no man's interests
except those of the receiver ; but when a place
is given in either House of Parliament, a new
and most important relation commences be-
tween the individual so honoured and his fel-
low-subjects, and the manner in which this
latter party may be affected becomes an in-
dispensable consideration. When therefore it
has once been the established law that a cer-
tai❑ class of men shall not enter into Parlia-

merit, for reasons of public policy, no indi-
vidual can urge it as belonging to his personal
honour and dignity that this regulation shall be
given up. Ile must shew, upon grounds of general
expediency, that such claims ought to be allowed,
or at least may be admitted without inconvenience.
In this view of the case then, the demands of the
most illustrious British Peer will, substantially,
rest upon the same ground as those of the com-
moner who seeks admission into the lower House.
I fit is inexpedient that Catholics should partici-
pate in the national councils, his Grace,the Duke
of NORFOLK, and the most obscure Irish Land-
owner, will equally stand excluded; if public
policy allows the admission of the one, what rea-
son will remain for shutting out the other ?
'truth, the same broad principle applies to both,
that no man ought to have a share in the Govern-
ment of Great Britain, who cannot unreservedly
declare himself independent of all foreign con-
troul.—lt is said, however, that the number of
persons to be introduced into Parliament by this
measure is too small to excite any reasonable jea-
lousy. The same argument has been advanced
for the admission of Catholic Members into the
Lower House. Let us see what is its real im-
port when applied to either point. It is then
this. Grunt the Papists what they ask, for they
will never be able, as Papists, to make use of
the present. If any question should arise pecu-
liarly affecting their own interests, and on which
they and their fellow-subjects of the same reli-
gion would feel themselves disposed to make
common cause, the Protestants will instantly put
them down. Such is the argument with which we
must suppose Mr. CANNING to address the pub-
lic, in a loud whisper of course, for it cannot be
very flattering to our Catholic friends (the mem-
bers of our high Nobility among others) to
learn that privilege is granted them, like a sword
that will not draw, for shew, and not for use.--
But the answer is ready. True, the Catholics
will not be strong enough to carry any Popish
point, but they may console themselves by vot-
ing and speaking on an infinity of questions
highly interesting to all British subjects, and at
the same time entirely unconnected with reli-
gious interests. They will not make the worse re-
cruits to the Ministerial and Opposition corps be-
cause they happen to be in a minority on questions
affecting the Church. They may sift the causes
of Agricultural Distress, inquire into the Am-
bassadors' salaries, discuss treaties, and protest
against abuses. A few Catholic Members in the
House of Commons might have thrown out the
Salt Tax, or kept in the two Lords of the Ad-
miralty. A few Catholic Peers might have saved
the Bill of Pains and Penalties. We rejoin ;
very true, and is it to be supposed that Members
who can do all this will want policy or power to
accomplish purposes of their own ? Shall we be
told that those who by their weight thrown into
this or that scale may decide the most momentoos
questions, will fail of obtaining assistance from
one or the other quarter when their own demands
come to be canvassed ? We do not mean to im-
pute a gross want of integrity to politicians of
any class, but it would be forgetting the ordinary'
principles by which men, and statesmen in parti-
cular, direct their conduct, to suppose that if a
Catholic phalanx were on some great emergency
to bestow the benefit of their zeal and influence
upon this or that party, the party would not be
expected in return to forward the views of their
auxiliaries when occasion should require, and
would not, in most instances, fulfil that expec-
tation. And the influence which a body of
men would thus acquire by their union,
an individual also might attain by his ta-
lents, popularity, or capacity for business.—
For these, among other reasons, we think the
admission of the Catholic Peers would be a most
impolitic and dangerous concession. Such an
act would of itself be fraught with evil, if no
further compliance were likely to be sought or
granted ; but as it must inevitably lead in the
first instance to an establishment of Catholic
Representatives in the Lower House, and as its
ultimate effect will very probably be that Pro-
testant and Papist will one day renew the con-
test for ascendancy in these realms on nearly
equal terms, we call on every man who would
avert such a consummation to raise his &pre-,
eating voice against that specious but destructive
measure, which may else steal in upon our secu,
city in the midst of quietness and fair speeches--.
fatalis =china muros,
neta armis.

IRELAND.—Denis Egan, the man on whose
person the obligation, &c. of the United-men was
found, is, it appears, the son of a wealthy farmer,
possessed of not less than a thousand a year.
This, therefore, is one indubitable evidence that
persons, comparatively of some consideration, are
concerned in the insurrection. how otherwise,
indeed, could the starving peasantry have ob-
tained the supplies of ammunition, the means of
communication constantly kept up between sepa-
rate districts, and the subsistence of those whose
sole occupation has been the organization of the
rebellion, and of that part of them who have aban-
doned their dwellings, and resorted to the moun-
d tain fastnesses of their country, for the purposes
of security from attack, or of facilities in carry-
ing on their system of aggression ? The docu-
ment itself, too (which we have inserted in an,
other part of our Paper), proves, notwithstanding
the opinion to the contrary, which *is enter-
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tained even by Government, that religious feel-
ings are mingled with the motives •that have led
the peasabtry late the commission of so many
atrocities. No wonder that humanity has been
appalled,—and that a frightful career of crime,
--the frantic and desperate sacrifice of every
moral principle and social obligation, have
been exhibited,—by men who have sworn
to wade in blood, and to disregard alike the
cries of infants, the moans of women, and
the dying a;onies of men, when they are re-
establishing the supremacy of the holy Roman
Catholic Church ! Perhaps all the leaders of
the Insurgents—perhaps all the Insurgents them-
selveS—aie not imbued with this demoniac spirit.,
It is however obvious that there are still men
who avail themselves of all opportunities, and-
particularly of the opportunity afforded by pub
lic distress, to promote the renovation of Popish.
tyranny, and of Popish intolerance and ferocity;
and it is equally obvious that there are still too
many minds in which the accomplishment of that
object can be associated with the pursuit and
fancied attainment of civil rights and do-
mestic comfort. The Protestant Legislature
of Great Britain should think of this, when
they come to consider of Catholic Claims,
however limited may be their apparent extent,
and however modified may be the form in which
they are presented to them. They should duly esti-
mate, too, the degree of strength which malignity
acquires from the desperationand wretchedness of
an ignorant, an unemployed,and a starving popu-
lace. Men may be more easily instigated to wade
through the blood of their fellow creatures, by
the hen-born agency of their, spiritual guides,
when the tempting bait is presented to them of
food for their famishing offspring, at the same
time with the specious show of that which is de-
clared to be the bread of everlasting life.

CITY, MONDAY EVENING.
Mails hare arrived from Hamburgh, Holland, Flanders, and
France, bringing information from almost every quarter of Eu-
rope. The letters from Constantinople are dated the I 1 th
March, not bringing later intelligence, however, than what has
already appeared in The Chronicle. Little light is thrown on
public affairs by these letters. They report, that on the 9th
March Lord Strangford made a second attempt to negociate
on Russian affairs with the Porte, and had transmitted a
strong remonstrance to the Government, to which na answer
had been returned when the post was dispatched. The letters
are written in a very guarded manner, but they betray consi-
derable anxiety. The Government was securing all the corn
they could possess themselves of, and a scarcity was appre-
hended. There are rumours in the City, that during the ex-
vesses which were committed on the Bth and 9th of March, the
Sultan caused 300 Janissaries to be arrested, and instantly
hanged 23 of them. Interested people augur favourably of
peace being maintained from this circumstance, but the rumour
fs so extremely improbable that it is not entitled to any credit.
The mails do not brirg any authentic intelligence from Greece,
but the friends of civilization are very sanguine as to a suc-
cessful termination of their cause in that quarter. The accounts
of their naval victory are not yet very clear, though they tend
much to establish the fact that the Greeks had gained a great
advantage over their oppressors. It now remains with the
Emperor of Russia to make his choice of enforcing his de-
mands on Turkey by arms, or of again attempting another
Ilegociation, and those best acquainted with Russian am-
bition can have little difficulty in forming an opinion of
which of the two the Czar will avail himself.—The letters
from Hamburgh are dated the 9th April, which was a holi-
day, and very little business was done. The inquiries for
saltpetre continued, but this article was held at higher prices.
Bills on London were sold at 36. 5. a 36. 51. at two months'
(late, being Id. higher than on the previous exchange day. Sul-
phur had also advanced more than 10 per cent. The weather
was cold, and the prices of grain were advancing. At St. Pe-
tersburgh, on the 10th (22d) March, the roads were so bad,
that there was no commercial communication with the interior.
Tallow on the spot had risen to 129 r. being equal to 371. ss.
per ton on board. The contract time price was equal to about
.361. 14s. on board. In hemp and flat there was no alteration,
and the new import tariff of duties had not been published.—
The exchange was 9. 9-16. a 1732. on London. Gold was
3tlo, being a little cheaper. Silver 375. a 375 ; six per cent.
Paper remained steady at 102. Silver six per cent. 92, and five
per cent. 78. From Amsterdam the advices are dated on the
12th April. Foreign Securities were all somewhat lower, and
appearances continued not favourable to peace. The exchange
on London was 2d. lower. By the way of Southampton, let-
ters have been received from Havre, dated so late as on the 12th
current. During a fortnight, the gales of easterly winds had
been so heavy that there were no arrivals of goods. The mar-
kets were steady, and the sales of cotton during the previous
week amounted to 3,368 bales. Accounts have been re-
ceived there from Bourdeaux, stating, that the vines had been
severely injured by the weather ; and that, both wines and
brandies had consequently advanced very materially. The let-
ters received from Norfolk and Suffolk this morning are far
from being satiatictory. Two men were hanged at Norwich
on Saturday for firing a stack yard at Diss, a few weeks ago.
One of them died very penitent, but the other was in good
spirits, and attempted to justify his conduct. On Friday there
Was a great riot at Wrentham, close to the property of Sir T.
Gooch. An express was sent to Norwich for the Lancers, and
their interference dispersed the assemblage. Mr. Gooch, the
Member for the County, and the Chairman of the late most
useful Committee of the House of Commons, for inquiring into
the remedies for Agricultural Distress, was most fortunately
Present, read the Riot Act himself, and will, on the Meeting of
Parliament, consequently be fully able to give a faithful de-
scription of what he saw and did in`Suffolk. Some Reverend
Magistrates have refused to grant permission to some of the
Hundreds to meet together and to discuss the best remedies for
their distress. It is generally thought that the Clergy would
Make themselves more useful by attending to their spiritual
duties, fighting the good fight, as Ministers used to do in for-
tiler times, and leaving beneficialaffairs to the guidance of Gen-
tlemen better acquainted with them than their profession allows
them to be. A general meeting of the County of Norfolk will
Probably be soon called, to petition for Parliamentary Reform,
As a Requisition to the Sheriff is in the course of signature. The
first name on it is the patriotic Lord Suffield. Mr. Coke, and
almost every Gentleman of any consequence, signed it last Sa-
turday at Norwich. Many Tories are now convinced that, un-
cler the present system, it is impossible for the country long to
exist, and they are heartily joining those who for many years have
foreseen the calamities which were hanging over the kingdom.
.Mark-lane there is some inquiry for Wheat, and all fine
,41,nples are Is. a 2s. per quarter dearer. Inquiries after bonded
4 heat also continue, and the idea that a more liberal system
11l the affairs of Europe will be produced by a war betwixt
ltussia and Turkey, seems to have a considerable effect at
The Corn-market. When the industrious are permitted to
enJoy a fair share of what their labour has produced, things
tan hardly go ill; but when nine men live on the labour of
he tenth, misery must be the natural consequence.—Freedom
itilvays produces property to the industxious, and England cannot
411. to kain more by trading with free and, rich states than with
4ations- where there is no safety for property, and where con-
sequently it is no object for a man to gain any. This is well
,Xemplilied in the relative situations of England and South
4aierica at the present moment. So long as this fine, rich and
poPulous country was-under the dominion of Spain, England
"At no direct communication with any part of it; but it no
!u9ner burst the bonds of its oppressors than its harbours were
'aid open to the commerce of the world, and the vast advantages
are too well known to require any illustration. The same un-
restricted trade with the different nations of Europe would soon
tire all commercial and agricultural complaints, not only in
,•:•11141atad, but in every other nation adopting this free policy.
•?ueh liberality, however, cannot be expected from an alliance
rounded on the idea that mankind was created for the happiness _
their Rulers, unless adversity, the great Teacher, read to
them another great moral lesson in the fate of Turkey.—(Afurn-
2ng Chronicle.)

Ins MAJESTY will return from Brighton to hix
?alaceat Carlton House to dinner on Friday next.
Admiral VALDES, the new President of the
Cortes, had a command in the battle of Trafalgar, where he
received seventeen wounds. He commanded at adiz when
the French army besieged that city. On the restoration of the
vIliG, he was imprisoned in a fortress, in which lie was de-
tained six years. After the revolution of 1820 he was again ap-
Pointed Governor of Cadiz, and afterwards Minister of War.—
iildrniral VALDES is the uncle of Rua°, but it said that he
,(i'es not go so far in politics as his nephew, and that he is in.
emled to the moderate system of Torreno and Arguelles.