The Sun.
London, England, 1825-01-14 00:00:00

{NEW TIMES.]

Letters of the 28th ult. from Marseilles con-
tain advices from Corfu of the 13th of the same
month, which are far from favourable to the cause
of Grecian independence. They state, that
great disturbances were going on in the Morea.
General Colocotroni, it is said, has commanded
his troops to raise the siege of Patras ; and
making use; for the first time, of his great riches,
began to' collect troops- to march against the
Central Government, threatening to depose all
the Members of the Legislative and Executive
Bodies, and 'to place himself at the head of the new
party. Many of the most distinguished Moreotesare'
said to have joined him, and they delude the
simple inhabitants with an idea, that when the
new patty assumes the administration of affairs,
the people will be 'allowed to 'share amongst
themselves the Loan from England.—The wri-
ters of the Corfu letters suggest that. the real
views of the new party are to take possession of
Tripolizza and Napoli di Romania, not for
the purpose of defending the liberties of
Greece, hut,_ on the contrary, to treat with
the Pacha of Egypt for a surrender. The
circumstance of the Egyptian Fleets _ still
hovering in the neighbourhood of those coasts
seems to give additional probability to these
ideas. We could certainly wish to see a strong
and enlightened Government formed in Greece;
but we fear if these jealousies and misunder.tand-
logs continue among the Chiefs, there 'will be
little hope of ultimate success to the People.

[MORNING POST. i
. .
We reCeived last.uight, by Fx?ress,.Paris Pa-
pers to-the 12th iiit. and the Eloile of NVtines-
day. The latter has been forced by the attacks

of the Journal des &bats to come more forward'
,than it had done on the great question raised
'by our recognition of South American independ-
ence. In doing this, however, it has not as-
sumed so decisive a tone as to reveal the whole
views of the French Ministry on this important
subject. It has skilftilly eluded all untimely
explanation's by pointing its remarks at the
objections of its opponents rather than at the
merits of the question. These are only no-
Eked incidentally, and though. it is done in a
manner from which it may be inferred that
France is not prepared to follow
.our example
immediately, still there is nothing stated which
binds her to abstain fi-om pursuing a similar
course, when she may consider the grand struggle
nearer its termination. The chief object of the
Etoile seems to be to repel the charge of want of
foresight biought againSt M. de Villele. This
object is completely attained ; and attained in a
manner which does full justice to the candour
and good faith displayed by our Government in
the course of the whole transaction. So far from
foresight having been wanted' to penetrate the
maze :of our policy, it is admitted, nay pro--
claimed, that the policy has been so frank and
open, that neither France nor any other
nation on the Continent have been taken
by surprise. This declaration is supported by
proofs derived from our conduct and public
statements, and one of the reasons given to show
that " all the consequences of the measure have
been calculated beforehand by every Cabinet in
Europe," is that they had been " duly apprised
of our intentions." This acknowledgment is
both manly and honourable. It is also important,
as it removes the very shadow of apprehension
that the adoption of such a step should be at-
tended with any danger to the peace of
Europe. For all the Cabinets of the Continent
having " been duly apprised of our inten-
tions," and having discussed and calCu-
lated their possible results beforehand, would
not have waited till they had been car-
ried into execution to display sytnptoms of
hostility. They would rather, on the contrary,
have made an early show of them, in order to
endeavour to prevent the necessity of more seri-
ous demonstrations or of actual interference at a
later period. That they did not do so, though
our intentions were as clear to them before their
promulgation as they are now to the wrkoie world,
is'a proof that they will not do it now, and that
the fears expressed by the enemies to South
American independence, that we have acted
.a part dangerous to European tranquillity,
are wholly without foundation. Indeed the
Etoile is above repeating such gratuitous ap-
prehensions. It says that " England may be
regarded as having committed a dangerous act,"
but it clearly explains that the danger consists,
not in bringing down the hostility of European
nations upon lierself,lbut " in the example which
is thus givetrio her own colonies." This is, ac-
cording to the declaration of the Etoi/e•(vhich
may be regarded as that of the' French Mi-
nistry, and in 'consequence of the avowed union
of views on this question between France and
her Allies, as the declaration of all the Powers
of the Continent), this is .the only peril to which
England has exposed herself by her recognition
of South "American independence. It is a peril
of which she was aware long before she adopted
liar late determination. It has been therefore
fully investigated,and presents nothing calculated
to justify the affectation of native alarm or foreign
sympathy.

[DRITISII PRESS.]
Our attention has been called to two cases that
lately occurred at one of the Police-offices, one
immediately after the other, respecting which
some explanation really seems to us due to the
public. A wretched old man, who had served
ten years in the army, was driven by hunger to
steal some loaves from a baker's basket. The
street-keepers seized• him in the act of devouring
'tile bread. On his examination before the Ma-
gistrate, no
.one recognized him to have been an
offender before. Ile •pleaded the extremity of
his distress in palliation of his guilt. He said he
had not tasted food for two whole (lays, and
his appearance and behaviour fully corro-
borated his assertion.' The prisoner, however,
was-committed for trial. Almost the very next
case, but- before another Magistrate, was that
of a young scoundrel, who, having a good place,
and being supplied With board, washing, and
lodging, and wages besides, had, in order to
pamper his luxurious appetite, stolen a twelfth
cake, worth Bs. 6d., out of a public shop, in a,
well-frequented thoroughfare. Yet this wanton
and aggravated theft was suffered to go wholly
unpunished. The previous good character of the
juvenile delinquent effected for him what it could
not for the aged man, whom want and misery had
urged to crime. So at least the cases were repre-
sented in all the public newspapers. The
young thief owed his escape, it appears,
to the lenity, or, perhaps the laziness, of
the prosecutor. Is it fitting that the Ma-
gistrates should suffer the caprice, or idle-
(lessor selfishness of individuals to prevent the ad-
ministration of justice? Where the cases are flag-
rant, it is the duty of the Magistrate to bind the
parties over to prosecute without any reference
to their wishes. This is sometimes done.: why
not always ? If it was necessary that the stern
hand of the law should strike the hungry old sol-
dier, was it right, immediately afterwards, to send
away harmless from the very same bar, the dis-
honest youth, whose greediness alone led him to
the commission of a daring crime ? We repeat it
—some explanation is due to the public.

We did intend to have made some further ob-
servations to-day respecting the schemes for
mining associations, but we were induced to
postpone them. In what we have said, it will
be clearly understood, we hope, that our re-
marks are general, and that our object has been
to caution the public against those extravagant
speculations into which many persons were
ru3hing when we first adverted to the subject.
It may b„.? that some of the projects deservo
the atleoym of those who are disposed to try
the chances of this expensive, and too frequently
ruinous, sort of lottery. We do not confound

all the plans that are before the public in one
sweeping condemnation. Some are represented
to ns as having a reasonable likelihood of success,
some on the other hand are mere bubbles. Three
of the projects relate to entirely new mines; and
these, if all be true that we hear respecting them,
may yield a fair profit on the capital employed,
but many of the schemes were never intended
for any purpose but to bolster up the fortunes
of desperate insolvents, " the neck-or-nothing
men," as they are styled in the expressive phra-
seology of the Stock Exchange.—(lbid.)

[MORNING HERALD.]
A long order has lately been issued, as our
readers will have observed, for effecting a change
in the uniform of the Navy ; a branch of our ser-
vice, which, in every point of view, both within
and without, required, we conceive, as little
alteration as any thine, in the Universe. Could
the spirits of the Rodneys, the Howes, the
Duncans, and the Nelsons revisit the gangway
of a three-decker, how little would they ap-
plaud this apparent innovation. They would as
soon expect -to see the Union Jack itself dis-
placed, as a change made in the uniform in
which they fought and bled for their coun-
try. There may, perhaps, be some reasons for
this, which the public are not acquainted
with. If there are any, they should have been
stated ; otherwise, there may be those who, in
the absence of any assigned cause, may set it
down, as we confess we are ourselves rather in-
clined to do,° the score of mere meddling
caprice. If we may be allowed to say so, there
has appeared of late years, in some quarter or
another, too great a disposition to interfere in
trifling matters like this. The dress of the
Army has undergone alterations innumerable
—some of them certainly very praiseworthy,
but the greater part of them very much the
reverse. No one but must approve of the
abolition of the enormous cockkl hat and
heavy larded pigtails whith. used to adorn, or
rather disfigure, the household troops ; and had
the alterations stopped there, and at other simi•
lar reforms, no one could have objected to them.
But when we look at the frippery and expellee
which have been introduced into some of the
Cavalry regiments, a stranger would be half
inclined to suppose that the Worshipful
Company of 'Merchant Tailors had actually
obtained a footing in the Government, and
had migrated from their ancient Hall in Thread-
needle-street to Downing-street and the Horse
Guards. This foolery (for so we must call
it,) it would seem, is not to stop here, but the
rage for costume is to be extended to the civil
servants of the Crown, and the whole tribe of
Commissioners, Auditors, Secretaries, Clerks,
Inspectors, &c. are to form a party-coloured
corps, distinguished by a livery of blue and buff.
This, by the bye, will be a mighty triumph and
consolation to the poor Whigs, who, after years
of hope and exclusion, wiil thus have at last the
satisfaction of seeing their Tory rivals obliged to
turn their coats to their colour. Though the re-
port in question comes to us with an air of au-
thority, we would fain hope that it cannot be
correct. If we were satisfied that it were so, we'
should be inclined to treat it with more serious-
ness, and condemn it at once as a most unwise
and injudicious inroad upon the spirit of our free
government. If, contvau to our ex pectations,it
should assume a more serious aspect, we shall
feel it our duty to return to it seriously. In the
mean time, looking upon it, as a mere hoax, we
dismiss it with the hope that we shall not be
'called upon to notice it again.

[THE PUBLIC' LEDGER.]
The Etoile of Wednesday, which reached us
last night, is quite different from the Etoile of
Monday, on the subject of our new relations with
the late American Colonies of Spain. We are
.glad of a change, dictated by good sense ; par-
ticularly, as the tone in which it thought' fit at
first to indulge, would be as unbecoming in the
French. Government to use, as it would be hi the
English to hear. We, therefore, look upon its early
animadversions on this subject as its own effusions ;
whereas the article of Wednesday, according to"
.every appearance, expresses the sentiments of its
Ministerial Patrons. In the former, the proceed-
ing was characterised as a strange act; whereas
it is now said, that the. French Cabinet had been
long prepared for it. We are no longer threatened
with the resentment of France, or of any other
preponderating Power ; but we are simply accused
of folly and shortsightedness, and forewarned of
the penal consequences that must ensue. However,
it is some consolation to hear that the penalty is
not to follow the act immediately, but is re-
served for a future period ; when the French Go-
vernment
will, no doubt, reap the fruits of its le-
gitimacy,
and ours of its illegitimate, policy. But
"the Etoile should recollect, that our present con-
duct is not an abandonment of ancient principles,
but a strict adherence to them, and that our gran-
deur, as well as our freedom, has no other basis.
Had we rejected them, we would render Ourselves
liable to a charge of rashness; w hereas we are now
merely following in a beaten path, which our
greatest Statesmen had previously trodden. The
peril, as well as inconsistency,' would consist in
turning into another road ; and were we to take
that which The Etoile has pointed out, We should
be no longer at the head of a great system, from
which wealth, power, and consideration have
hitherto flowed in upon us; but Must move in
another, where perhaps disgrace and- loss might at-
tend us. But if his Majesty's Government have.
been seduced into an error by the cupidity of our
Merchants, whose faultis it,but that of those legiti-
Mate Powers, with their anti-commercial measures,
which have forced this country to seek new chap-
nets of trade, to meet the expences.incurred in
the cause of legitimacy. 'Had they, at the expi-
ration of the last war opened their ports to our
trade, in retnrn • for the vast sacrifices we
had made in their support, there would be
no necessity for new markets; but as they
have set the example 'of a selfish_ policy, it
does not become them now to complain. H Ow .
ever, we are glad of the pacific tone adopted by
the organ of the .French Ministry ; for peace is
too great a blessing to be flung away except in a
case of extreme necessity. But, in preserving it,

we have none to thank but ourselves; and should
we ever be found unprepared, we should not re-
tain it long. Our best guarantees for the pacific
conduct of other Powers are to be found in the
courage, patriotism, and firmness, that distinguish
the British character. Any other guarantees
against the hostility of our neighbours would
be as fragile as a rotten reed ; and, as to their
forbearance, we fling it to the winds, because it
is but chaff after all, which is substituted for in-
solent menace, should they ever find us unable to
support our own cause. We cannot conclude
without impressing upon the serious consideration
of our zealots the broad hint which the Etoile
throws out with respect to Ireland ; and, if they
still press coercive, instead of conciliatory mea-
sures towards that country, their stupidity is
much greater than their bigotry.

[MORNING CHRONICLE-]
We call the attention of our Readers to tl.e
following letter from Paris, on the subject of the
recognition of the Republics of South America,
which, taken in connection with the articles in
the French Ministerial Papers, throws a curious
light on the projects and views of the Holy Alli-
ance.

PARIS, JAN. 10.

The news of the recognition of the Spanish Colonies of South
America, has produced an effect at Paris impossible to describe.
In general this vigorous act is regarded as the first blow given
to the Holy Alliance, and to its despotic and absurd principles.
The Ministerial party, and the Ultras, are in consternation, and
even M. de Villele has lost his confidence. It is an important
and not well known fact, that the Cabinet of Madrid, Paris,
and Petersburgh, have long been preparing a powerful diver-
sion in South America, and that the sudden determination of
England has overthrown, in one day, this long preparation of
darkness and deception. This is worthy of further details.—
Since 1817 attempts have been made by the Cabinet of Russia,
acting as a Mediator for Spain, to prevent the United States
from recognizing the independence of the new States of Ame-
rica, and even inducing them to declare war against their
neighbours. The first negociation not having been followed by
any favourable result, the Spanish and Russian Cabinets
turned their views in another direction, and made an offer to
the Cabinet of the Tuileries, which was agreed to. In conse-
quence, M. Hyde de Neuville, then Minister to the United
States, received orders to cause Mexico to be examined by
diplomatic agents, who were to give an account, with the least
possible delay, of the situation of that country, both in its civil
and military relations..-LThe report made at that period re-
lative to Mexico was published in The Morning Chronicle
in May, 1824, as also all the Papers which had been given
as instructions to the different agents sent to Colombia,
Buenos Ayres, and Chili. These reports and instructions,
the authenticity of which has been acknowledged by the
French Ministerial Journals, evidently prove that the ob-
ject of Spain, supported by Russia and France, then was to
replace the colonies under the yoke of the mother country, in
order to establish in America, at any expence, the deso-
lating and absurd principle of Legitimacy. No efforts were
spared ; money, threats, bribery, all were used, and all have
now failed, in consequence of the magnanimous resolution of
the British Cabinet. To give you an idea of the means employ-
ed to excite civil-war 'in these unhappy countries, and carry its
disastrous effects to the highest pitch, a single fact, which was
made the subject of a question in your House of Commons,
will shew. In May, 1824, a report was spread that a French
fleet had been seen at Brazil, and that the officers of this fleet
had announced at Rio Janeiro, that they were to be reinforced
by a still greater-number of ships. The English merchants,
already much connected with South America by trade, were
alarmed, and Sir James Mackintosh asked Mr. Canning, on
May 3d, 1824, what truth there was in such a rumour ? Mr.
Canning replied, that, in fact; the French had a rendezvous in
that neighbourhood ; but he did not believe that the squadron
should cause any uneasiness—that the French Ambassador,
with whom he had spoken, was of the same opinion, and had
promised more ample information, which he had already de-
manded of his Court. In fact; on the' 6th, 'Mr. Canning
stated that he had received from Prince Polignac the most
satisfactory explanations, and that the English men of war
in every part of the world were sufficient to cause the British
flag to be respected. All this farce was Only a diplomatic trick,
a gasconade of M. de Villele, who thus concealed the real object
of the expedition. According to the instructions given to M.
Chasseriau, the French and Spanish. Agent in Colombia, which
were published in .The Morning Chronicle, in Aug. last, terror
and threats were to be employed to excite divisions in that coun-
try. It was necessary to make a great fuss about the French
military secours, and the reality of its intentions to assist Spain
A French fleet was in consequence sent to Brazil, and the offi-
cers received orders to speak publicly of the speedy arrival of
a large military and naval force. Who will believe that these
officers would have spoken publicly of such a force if it had
not been by direction of our Government ? The whole of this
was intended to give confidence and power to the Royalist
party in America, till circumstances allowed the oligarchs of
the Continent of Europe to-act openly in their favour. It was
a moral auxiliary against their Opponents, the forerunner of the
more weighty auxiliaries which were destined to assist them.
The British Cabinet having penetrated the intentions of the
Cabinets of the Continent as to South America, has pressed it
on the Spanish Cabinet during the last year, to come to some
determination with regard to its Colonies ; but its demands
have had no other effect than to hasten the conclusion of a de-
finitive treaty between Spain and France and Russia, relative
to the provinces of America. Under the pretext of negotiating
a treaty relative to the occupation of Spain by the French
army, conferences have been opened at the Escurial between
Zea Bermudez and the French Charge d'Affaires at Madrid.
The choice of an obscure negotiator has been made design-
edly; by' this M. de Villele and the Camarilla hoped to es-
cape the piercing eye of the British Cabinet. A secret treaty
has in consequence been concluded and ratified between the
three Powers above-mentioned. France and Russia have en-
gaged, on receiving some territory, to put Spain in possession
of the insurgent colonies. The treaty was ratified at Madrid
on December 3d, and at Paris on December 18th, at the same
time as the convention for the prolongation of the stay of the
French army in Spain ; but the British Cabinet having been
informed of it, has preceded these Cabinets in their designs by
causing its determination to acknowledge the independence of
the Free States of South America to be made known to all the
Cabinets of Europe. Thus, at one blow,' the stupid manoeuvre
of the Statesmen of yesterday has been destroyed. It is
doubted whether M. de Villele will be able to resist this blow
from abroad, and whether he will continue to direct the mea-
sures of a country he has injured so much. Our Ministerial
Journals are spouting fire and fury against England. In their
rage, they have gone so far as to call it the sanctuary of Revo-
lutionists. The unhappy wretches do not see that she alone
Can preserve them from miseries, which 'their Own' madness is
drawing on their heads.