The Sun.
London, England, 1831-08-12 00:00:00

SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS.

We have more than once expressed our disap
proval of the clause for a division of counties : we
now state broadly and emphatically, that if the 25
counties named in schedule G be subdivided in the
manner specified by that schedule, and adopted by
the House of Commons last night, it would be quite
as well, perhaps better, for the people of England to
have as many rotten boroughs restored from sche-
dule A to the privilege of representation, than to be
saddled with fifty nominees for districts, with all the
pretensions of freely chosen representatives, but
really as dependent on the autocrat of each particu-
lar locality for their seats as were the Members for
Gatton or Corfe Castle. There was something in
the unblushing effrontery of the rotten boroughs
that put people fairly on their guard, and gave them
the consolation of feeling that if they were plun-
dered,htea d. it was openly,—t hey were not ensnared and
c
Bat in a half-county election there is
some semblance of popularity, on which if the
freeholders, &c., place reliance, it will be to have
e
the mortification of finding themselves miserably
duped and betrayed. We should have been the more
astonished at Ministers permitting themselves to
introduce a clause of this evil nature into the Bill,
if we were not conscious what a host of aristocratic
prejudices and terrors they have had to contend with
at every stage of it, and with ‘shat infinite difficulty,
and by virtue of what golden dreams of compromise
and indemnification, a number of individuals con-
nected with the higher classes of the landed interest
have been induced to lend their votes to any thing
bearing the name of Reform. " Oh, never mind
the boroughs," has been the cry ; " it will be partly
brought back to us by the breaking up of counties
—partly by the management of the qualifications."
And, indeed, if it hod been the project of Ministers
—which we well know it was not—but if it had been
their purpose to restore totheOligarchy with one hand
what with the other they had taken from them—if it
had been their scheme to gain credit for themselves
as substantial and true Reformers, by demolishing a
boroughmonger in one shape, and bringing him to
life in another and more perilous form—to say,
" You shall not nominate for this or that borough a
Member who after all can be only Member for a
borough," but " you shall depute a representative
for your estate, as you would a keeper for your
park ; and this your tool shall take upon himself the
airs of county Member"—we are afraid that such
a project could not have been realized more com-
pletely, than by reducing the great mass of county
electors, who could neither be jobbed, nor intimi-
dated, nor deluded, nor out-voted, by any junta of
single family connexion, nor borne down by the
pre'sure of one enormous property, to an helpless
detachment, isolated in a corner of their county, and
cut off from the support of public opinion, or from
co-operation with the rest of their brethren. By
this metamorphosis of the grub into the wing, d
insect, no profit can accrue to society. We can have
no possible objection to the subdivision of countiet,
for the sake of a more convenient and less fraudu-
lent poll—that is quite another matter; but it i,
widely different to destroy all power of resistance it

PRICE 7D.

he mass, as against district mdnoprdists, like the
Lowthers, the Neweasdes, lintlands, Beauforts,
he treat ones of Northumberland, Deihyshire, Lei-
.estershire, Norfolk, Stafford, &c., who, each in
is respective strong hold, his little half-county sove-
,,ignty, must be more capable df setting at defivice
he independent gentry and yeoriranri—that is to
of trampling on their judgments and their feel-
'rigs in proportion to the contracted space on which
hey operate, and to
,the diminished sum total of
heir numbers. The Luke of Rutland was beaten in
Leicestershire last election. How tlit.uld it have
`teen with Leicestershire cut in two ? Divide
Hampshire, and the people of England must expect
.o see the Baring family us omnipotent in one-halt
Hof it as ever the counting-hoti:>e Lord of Calling-
ton was in that high-spirited and unshatkled borough.
We make these remarks from a perfect con'v'iction
not merely that nomination counties would prove
beyond comparison more pernicious than rotten bo-
roughs, but because we are well persuaded that Minis- ,
tt rs who have on the whole, throughout this qu,stion,
shown a firmness and integrity above all praise, would
in their hearts rejoice to see t he country pressing upon
them for such a deliverance of their measure from
its only serious imperfection. If four representa-
tives be required for a county, let the whole county
rote for each ; there is then a fair chance that the
successful candidates will be the four gentlemen of
the. highest character in the eyes of the entire body
of voters; while if two be elected for each moiety
of the county, there is a moral certainty that all four
will be no otherwise qualified than as favourites of
the one or two richest local proprietors of the dis-
tricts for which they are returned. For ourselves
we may be allowed to say, that it is with the ut-
most pain we see any impediment to our off, ring, in
the name of all true friends of public purity and
honour, the most cordial and unmixed congratula-
tions to Lord Grey and his colleagues on the great
measure now before Parliament.—Times.

The following paragraph appears in The Dublin
Morning Register of Tuesday last :
" We have, by the last packet, what we deem a highly
important and gratifying announcement. The Irish Mem-
bers are embodying themselves. There is a document in
circulation amongst them, addressed to Lord Grey, in which
it is declared, that if justice be not done to Ireland, they
will withdraw their support from the Government after the
passing of the Reform Bill. The signatures aheady at-
tached to this document are numerous, and there is no
doubt, that if the object demanded be not attained, the
Whig Administration must be speedily dissolved. The
crisis indeed, is more than ever momentous. We believe
that there is not a man in the Government who is now
prepared for a general war. Indeed, it is confidently as-
serted, that authentic intelligence has been received that
Austria, Russia, and Prussia, are allies of Holland. The
Tories regard this as favourable to their return to power;
and the Whigs, if they be not utterly besotted, must feel
more than ever the necessity of strengthening themselves
in Ireland by acts of practical, enlarged, and substantial
justice."

This paragraph will serve to explain the excite-
ment in the House last night on the discussion to
which the presentation of a petition from the city of
Waterford, respecting the Newtownbarry outrage,
gave rise. The Government have a most arduous
course to steer between the two parties The pe-
tition was for the disarming the yeomanry. Mr.
Stanley, though he said the Lord Lieutenant had
felt it his duty to express, in very strong terms, his
disapprobation of the conduct of the Magistra'es
who called out the yeomanry on the occasion a!-
luded to, yet defended the conduct of the Govern-
ment in furnishing the yeomanry with arms. This
juste milieu, however, will not, we fear, satisfy either
party. Mr. O'Connell expressed his opinion " that
torrents of blood would be shed, if the Govern-
ment did not persevere in putting down that atro-
cious force, the yeomanry of Ireland." Mr. Shell
" warned the Government not to be induced to ac-
cept the alliance of gentlemen on the other side of
the House. What! would the Government select
them in preftrence to their friends ? He warned
them not to do so ; he urged them to reply to
their riPw allies—

Your praise is censure, and your censure praise.
" These new supporters would embrace them but
to hug them to death. He called on them, in the
name of Ireland, and of the Irish people, not to be
afraid of offending the yeomanry, for they were en-
rolled together in bands that were in no danger of
separating. Let them not fear to offend the yeo-
manry ; but with respect to the Irish people—he
had done—he would only repeat, that there were
eight millions of agitated and strongly exasperated
men. On these men the greatest blessing had lately
been conferred; and he called on the Government
not to mar the effects of that blessing by their con-
duct at this moment." A division took place on
the question whether the petition should or should
not be printed. The ground on which the motion
was opposed was, that as the petition contained
strong expressions against the yeomanry, the print-
ing it might prejudice the administration of justice.
Truly there seems little dang.r of prejudicing jus-
tice, at least in favour of Catholics. The Grand
Juries seem determined to take care that the yeo-
manry and justice shall not came in contact with
each other.—Morning Chronicle.

The Country Papers are filled with accounts of
outrages against Irishmen by English labourers,
who have discernment enough to perceive that the
influx of these competitors causes a rapid reduction
of wages. From an article copied by us from the
Boston Gazette, it appears that in Lincolnshire
there is a general outcry against the Irish ; that they
are obliged to travel in large bodies for their pro-
tection ; and that in several instances it required
great efforts on the part of the authorities of the
county to prevent bloodshed. Even when moving
in bodies of upwards of an hundred, they require
the escort of constables. In the trial of a farmer
in Surrey on Tuesday last (reported in the Chronicle
of yesterday), there was but too satisfactory evi-
dence of the strong feeling in the Home Counties
against all who employ Irish labourers. In fact,
the most frequent subject of conversation among
labourers is the ruin in which they deem
themselves involved by the Irish. They have
a strong conviction on this subject, and they
do not disguise their determination to revenge
themselves on all who employ Irish. Their
former feeling of deference towards their superiors
has ceased to exist, and there is no disguising the
fact, that they look upon the higher ranks as in a
conspiracy against them, that by means of under-
paid labour they may live luxuriously at their ex-
pence. The condition of Englandis altogether
anomalous. In all other countries there are persons
in whom the labouring classes repose confidence,
and through whose instrumentality they may be in-
fluenced; but in England, the labourers look with
sullen distrust on all around them. In all other
countries the parish Clergy possess considerable in-
fluence ; but in England the Clergy belong to the
Aristocracy, and do not sympathise with the people.
This is a fearful stato of things. The Aristocracy
of England—the most grasping of any An is, cracy
known to history—have always had a wate:.ful eye
on the supplies both at home and abroad; and,
with their usual avidity, appropriated to themselves
the Church benefices the moment they become pro-
ductive. The time when they made their inroad
into the Church was about the middle of the last
century. Warburton, in a letter to Hut d,
dated in 1752, noti( es the change. " Reckon
upon it," Le says, " that Durham goes t,,
sonic Noble Ecclesiastic. 'Tis a morsel only fo,
them. Our grandees have at last found their way

io;rnals, written and patronised by
clergymen, state:Penz representing the squirearchy
as hostile to them on act7ount of their protection of
the labouring classes. Vat in those days clergymen
were not Justices of the Peacrt, but stood between
the people and Justices of Peace. In a journal of
some celebrity in its day—the Grub-street Journal
—art organ of the C:ergy, No. 120, an ironical a.-
tack of the Clergy is put into the mouth of a Justee
Peace, which speaks volumes as to the change
.vhich has taken place since that period (17:32) :
" They are tor ever (says the writer) tii,,turbing his
Majesty's Justices of the Peace in the ,xeention of their

, -
ffict ; impudently making parties in their several parishes
against them and drawing in all the poor, hoEtst, sober,
and most industtions part of the neighbours to go to
Church, and side with them against the Justice. What
a goodly and pleasant thing would it be, and how near
w odd it approach to the original standard of Government,
to see the Country 'Squires of Great 13ritain (who are ge-
nerally men of great humanity and good breeding, of
sound morals and unquestionable learning,) acting without
the least controul or molestation in every one of :heir
parishes ! Sending one Iran to gaol for not standing 13i11
while 1.T3 'Worship was so kind as to heat him ; another
to the stocks fot swearing, b-cause liis Worship conde-
,eended to he a little too ftmiliar with the fellow's wire;
ordering a writ of ejectment against a third, for not breed-
ing up a couple of young hounds for his Worship's re-
motion ; and assigning a fourth to the whipping-post.,
for sauciness and ill-language, wben his Worship did him
the honour of riding over his corn and breaking his hedges.
I say what a goodly thing would it he to behold all this ;
std to see the eastern polite method of governing by
Bashatve, take place in our western part of the world
And this, in filet, would be the case in most parishes, as it
is already in some, girl not these forward fellows, the Far-
'sons, thrust themselves into other persons' affairs, and
often impudently take upon them to understand some of
the laws of the land, in opposition to hie Worship's way
of explaining thew ; and did they not prate a deal of idle
stuff about reason, justice, sod equity; and make a horrid
noise and pother about oppression, violence, and grinding
the faces of the poor, to the no small obstruction of tbeir
Worship's laudable proceedings."
The Clergy are now themselves generally " Wor-
ships," and the most indefatigable in carrying into
execution the code of rural oppression. '1 hey are
part of the ruling caste. The people may occa-
sionally fear them, but love them or confide in them
they cannot. The Clergy may be excellent hands
a, suppressing a riot and despatching prisoners, but
their moral infhlence ceased wl.en they became, not
the teachers, but the task-masters of the people. We
wish we could believe that we have indulged in ex•
ziggeration in our descriptio;! of the feelings of the
labouring classes throughout t::e country. It isi
be found, we believe, that our accwint is only too
faithful. All that they read, all that they see, serves
to confirm them in the belief that the higher classes
are generally without principle, living on the spoil
of the people. The publications which they read
are seldom, we fear, calculated to benefit them.
They feel that they are injured—feel that they are
oppressed—that they are abandoned by the higher
orders, and in this state of things they are too ready
to listen to the desperate councils of desperate men.
If ever social order should be disturbed in this
toocn muchuntr) cause
,wefear
ttohelamhiegnht heetrrair having
nkswoul
would have
withdrawn
et
themselves from the sympathies of the people.—
Morning Chronicle.

A long conversation took place in the House of
Lords last night, with respect to the approaching
Coronation. It commenced in a question from Lord
Strangford, who was shocked to think that the cere-
mony of doing homage was not to be performed by
all the Peers individually, but by delegates—or, as
his Lordship described them, godfathers—from each
class. This appeared to him to be a wonderful in-
road upon the Constitution, which would drive the
people to utter de•pair. It is surprising with what
ease the public sympathy is often challenged for
cases in which they can feel no possible interest.
What can the public care w hether the Peers pay
homage in a body or by delegates, except so far as
one course of proceeding may be more expensive than
the other to the people, who must pay for the cere-
mony after all? If the Noble Lord had carried his
memory so far back as to remember the ap-
plause with which the gracious intention of his
Majesty wis haled by the nation, when his
Majesty's wish was made known to save all unne-
cessary expence at his Coronation, the Noble Lord
could hardly have thought of calling on the same
public to join him in regretting that certain useless
arid extravagant forms were to be dispensed with.
Earl Grey threw himself fairly upon the good sense
of the nation when he appealed to the saving of
expense as a sufficient answer to such cavils ; and
we pity the understanding of any man who could
think of making it a point against Ministers that
they preferred economy to formality, and a regard
for the pockets of the people to any stupid ;lotion
of etiquette which certain Lords might entertain.
We cannot help thinking that more pains were taken
to explain and justify the course pursued by his Ma-
jesty's Ministers with respect to this subject than
were at all necessary. The Maiquis of London-
derry may attach what importance he pleases to
the formality in w hich he is so anxious to bear
a part. But what signifies his opinion when he
is in the wrong ? What signifies even the loss of
' his temper when he loses it upon an occasion which
every rational man in the community will laugh
at as ridiculous. lie may confound the economy
which Ministers have in view, and which hi, Ma-
jesty has himself recommended, with the presumed
object of the Reform Bill, and represent both as
calculated to level all distinctions, but wliat person►
of sane mind can be influenced by such trash ? If
the Noble MA-gals were to talk for ever he could
not overthrow the honest and upright avowal of
Lord Grey when he said, " I beg it to be distinctly
understood that the main olject which his Majesty's
Government have in view is to keep down the ex-
penses; and, while the last Coronation cost the
country 240,0001., it is now proposed that the cere•
mony shall not exceed a fifth of that sum." This
may be, as the Noble Marquis has stated, of a piece
with the introduction of the Reform Bill. Those
who disapprove of the one may disapprove of the
other; but it is too much to expect that the public
should join in an outcry against Ministers for having
regard to their pockets and their liberties at the same
time.—Morning Herald.

A warm debate arose in the House of Commons
on the presenting of a petition from the inhabitants
of Waterford, complaining of the outrages committed
by the yeomanry at Newtownbarry. Whatever
opinions different patties may entertain as to the
conduct of the Catholics of Ireland, we think it is
to be inferredafrom the general tenour of this &bate,
in which several of the most experienced and in-
fluential Members from Ireland took part, that the
Irish yeomanry is not the descriptioa of force best
calculated to preserve the peace of that country. If
there were no other objection to the yeomanry than
that they are obnoxious to the people, it would be a
strong relson with a judicious Government for
hesitating to employ them; but the yeomanry of
Ireland are imbued with strong political and religi-
ous prejudices, and ate in temper unfit for the em-
ployment which has unhappily devolved upon them.
When a man of so much experience in the affairs of
Ireland as Sir John Newport declares, that " dur-
ing the whole of his life he had considered that
force a dangerous and unfit instrument to maintain
the peace of Ireland," it would w. 211 become those
to whom the Government entrusted to recon-
sider their determination to employ such a force.
Events, unfortunately, have come in aid of the opi-
nion expressed by the lion. Member, and the very
occaiioti which called forth the petition•and the de-
titneotc.—Aforning Herald.
bate, afforded a fatal proof of the justice of hissen-

EtoND

BUN OFFICE, Sez,en o'clocA.

THE LONDON GAZETTE

OF THIS EVENING,

St. James's P.Jart. Aug. 10.
'the King wag this day pleasedt," conferthe houctur OcKbi,ht..
hood upon hieut-Gen. John F'mith, tr.'Sva!_ .
Knight Grand Cross of Uri Rovil litino-vOrCat! k.',Aelphic Guard.
The King rya.:this day pleased tO lne honour Of Knight.
hood upon John Rennie, Esq., of ”.-Intehall-pluce.

DECLARATIONS OF INSOLVEIiqs
"IA:ILIA A M DUTTON, Basin ghall-strect, r. h stealers,
iJEORiGE PEUDNEY, Deptford, ra4YeFill'usher,
BANK s.
11 EN v ILSON, RidiVOlouse-lane, Marylebone, thnher-
merciaant, to surrendet. AnUst 16, at one, Sept. 2, and' .3, at two,
at the Court of CottlMbsioners. Williams, APlrd--Plkee, Bed.
ford-square.
LUKE BUTTRESS, London-tercaM iladkriey-Yoad, builder,
August If, at twelve, '26, asst Serk. att One, ',it the Court of
Comia'ssioners. Comyn, Belvidere-plate, SonthWark-britige.road.
JOHN JAMES, Meeling-housetourt., Old Jewry, merchant,
August lit, at tot, '3O, and Sept. , at eleven, at the Court of
Commissioners. Abbott and hthey, Symond's-Inn, Chancery-
erre.
JOSEPH WILSON; Liverpool, draper, August :30, 31, and
Sew. 21, at nine, at the Albion Ilotel, Manchester. Law and'
Codes, Manchester; Adlingtou, Gregory; and Yaulkner, Bed-
ford-row.
TITUS DEWHURST, Livo-rool, ironmonger, August
30, and Sept. 21, at two, at the Clarendon-rooms, Liverpool.
Leigh, (4eorce-street, 7.-",alision-brazse ; Leather, Li';erpool.
EDWARD COWLING, Poultry, haberdasher, August 19,
.26s and Sept. 23, at twelve, at the Court of k'ommissioners. WU-
and Lawrence, Bueklereburn, Yneapsule.
JAMES BUCKLER, Covcn'tV, builder, August '29, 30, and
Sepr...2l‘, at twelve, at the King's Head Inn, Co, entry. Byrne,
Cook‘v.rourt, Lincoln's-inn, London ; Carter and Hewes,
iarctmtry.
WILLIAM lIEBBT.EWHITE, Manchester, erituni,sion-
agent, August 21, 10, and Sept. 23, at three, at the office of
Messrs. Htmghton and Broadhurst, Liverpool, knngton, Gre-
gory, and Faulkner, Bedford-mw, London ; Houghton and
Broadhurst, Liverpool.
JAMES porn-, Liverpool, coal-merchant, August 29, 30,
and Sept. 23, at two, at the office of Messrs. Houghton and
Broadhurst, Liverpool. Adlington, Gregory, and Faulkner,
Bedford-row, London; Houghton and Broadliust; Thriple.place,
London. _ _ _

_ ........
WALTER PAI.7+IER, Pencoyd, Hatford, c'othier, August
‘..?9, 30, and Sept. at eleven, at the Green Dragon Hotel,
I Icrerord. Smith and Son, Bed Lion-square, London ; Hall and
Humtry,, Rose.

WWII, IA N TEiIFiI,BY, Ibstock, Leicester, farmer, August
:34, '2i, and Sept. '23, at eleven, at the Oueen's Head Inn, Ashbv-
de-la-Zoueh, Leicester. Austen and Hobson, Itaymond-buila-
ngs, Gray's Inn, London; Green, Ashby-de-la-Zouch.

SUPPLEMENT to tlic CMZETTE.
CORONATION OF THEIR MAJESTIES.
Earl Marshal's Office, Whitehall, August 12, 1831.

His Majesty having been pleased to dispense at the ensuing
Coronation with the usual Procession from Westminster Hall to
the Abbey, whereby certain lemons who heretofore forllitsd part
of the Ceremonial would be precluded from attemrbog the so-
lemnity, notice is hereby given, that tickets, tit trauferable,
but for the personal admission only of them individuals who,
from the official apoointments respectively held and enjoyed by
them, would have been admitted into the Abbey, had the Pro—
cession taken place, will be issued by the Earl-Marshal to those
who tsar signify their wish to be present at the approaching
volemnity.
All such persons are, therefore, required to sigltifv their desire
to the Earl-Marshal, at his office, on or babre the 3th day of
this instant August, atter which net application can be at-
tended to. GEO. NAYLER, Garter.

DI PERIM, PA II 1,1A31 ENT

THIS EVENIMi.

HO USE OF COMMONS.

The !!_4I'EAKER took the Chair shortly after Three o'clock.
Mr. HEYWOOD presented a petition from the Cham-
ber of Commerce in Manchester, praying that permission •
be granted to refine foreign sugars in England ; also a
petition from Ashton-under-Line against the hours of labour
in factories; a petition from Manchester against the liability
of Landlords' Bill ; and a petition from the Members of the
7teelisnies' Institute at Bolton in Lancashire, against the
-kites on knowledge
Lord MORPETII presented three petitions, from Leeds,
H ilifax, and Dewsbury, numerously and respectably
eiened, praying that some system of perm inent and legal
p °vision may be made for the relief of the poor of Ireland.
Mr. SADLER supported the prayer of the petitions
:and urged on the House the immediate necessity of resort-
ing to some measure by establishing poor laws in Ireland.
Colonel DAVIES was of opinion that the adoption of
the poor laws in Ireland would net have the effect of pre-
venting the inflect of Irish labourers into this country. It
was the high price of lalmur in this conntly that tempted
the poor hither.
Mr. HUNT supported the prayer of the petitions. He
uttributed all the distress of the labouring poor of Ireland
to the high rate of taxation.
Colonel SIBTHORPE thought that great exertions were
beim-• made to keep up the distinction between the English
and Irish labourers. He raw in the newspapers that in
the county he had the honour of belonging to—(Linco'n-
shire) there was. an account of a brutal attack that had
been made en the Irish labourers, three of whom had
been most disgustingly assaulted ; now he had the Lincoln
paper in his hand, and he was happy to say that there wa•
not any par t of the statement founded in truth.

After a few words from Mr. SADLER and Cod
thy petitions were laid on the table, and ordered to
b printed.

SETTLEMENT OF THE POOR.

Lord NIORPETH presented a petition from the church-
wardens. overseers, and inhabitants of Leeds, on the Hir-
ing by Service Bill lie wished to know whether the
lion. Member (Mr. Weybind) intended to urge on his
Bill upon the subject pending the present Session.
Mr. WEYLAND said he intended by this Bill to pro-
mot. the interests of the agriculturists without interfering
with the manufacturing interests If he found he had no
chance of carrying the Bill in a few weeks he would with-
draw it, and afterwards introduce another measure.
After a few words front Mr. ESTCOURT, the petition
was laid on the table and ordered to he printed.
ROMAN CATHOLIC MARRIAGES.

Lord MOIIPETII next presented a petition from the
churchwardens and overseers of the poor at Leeds, praying
that marriages between Roman Catholics celebrated in this
country, tnight he legalised.—Ordered to be printed.
Mr. JONES presented two petitions in favour of the
annual grant to the Kildare-street Society. .