The Sun.
London, England, 1849-06-27 00:00:00

TIIE IRISII POOR-LAWS.

The following is the 13th report from the Select
Committee on the Irish Pour-laws:—
" 1. That hoards cf guardians should be instructed to
employ the able-bodied paupers en such useful and pro-
ductive works of a public character as the Commis-
sioners may sanction, avoiding all interference with the
ordinary independent industry of the country.
"2. That all technical difficulties in proceedings at
sessions and before magistrates in respect of the collec-
tion of the rates should be taken into consideration,
with a view to their abatement or removal.

" 3. That boards of guardians be empowered to send
young persons who shall have been over one year in the
workhouse into private service, with power of control,
as in cases of apprenticeship; and also to place them in
the land or sea service.

" 4. That pt•rsons obtaining relief under false pre.
tences, be subjected to the same punishment as is pro•
vided for a vagrant under the 10th and 11th of Vict.
cvp. 84. _ _ _

5. That it is desirable that the tenement valuation,
under the 9th and 10th Viet., cap. 110, be introduced
into each electoral division as the valuation is completed,
but that the proportion of the estatlishment charges,
and those on the union at large, shall be divided among
the electoral divisions according to the previous valua-
tion of each.
" June 22, 1849."

THE MERCUANT SEAMEN'S SOClETY.—Yesterday
the annual general court of the governors of the above
corporation, founded for the relief of seamen in the mer-
chant service, and for the widows and children of such
seamen who have died or been maimed and disabled, was
held at the offices, in Birehin-lane, Cornhill, George
Lindsay, Esq., in the chair. After the transaction of
general business, George Lyell was re-elected president,
and a committee of twenty-one gentlemen were ap-
pointed to act for the ensuing year. Daring the past
year several thousand orsons, both in London and t
outports, including widows and children, have been
placed on the pension list, or had received temporary
relief. Tile committee subsequently proceeded to e on.
sider, and place on the books, upwards oft fifty
to new
echaasir.
cases
for pensions and relief. Thanks were voted
man, and the court broke up.
At an annual general meeting of the proprietors of
the South Australian Bankieg Company, held yester
day, The report of the directors was received and adopted,
and a dividend declared for the past half-year at the rate
of 6 per cent. per annum. Seine discussion upon points
of management took place, and it was proposed to ap-
point a committee to investigate the accounts, but the
motion was lost.
Neuter. PAINTINGS AT ST. CROSS.— Coloured draw-
ings of these paintings, recently discovered on the wails
of the Church of Sr. Crozs, were exhibited by Mr.
Francis Baigent, at a recent meeting of the Arcl,mo.
logical Association. Some are exceedingly elegant in
design, and apparently of the early part of the fifteenth
century. Mr. 13aigent was stops in his efforts to obtain
complete sketch, s, as the Earl of Guildford ordered the
walls to be immediately rc-ribitewcohed, as already
mentioned.— The Builder.

THE WEST LONDON S YNAGOGUE
On alonday the new Synagogue in Margaret-street,
Cast ndish-squnre, was consecrated with great pomp,
according to the Jewish ceremonial law. The proceed-
ings were very interesting, not only from the novelty
attending a celebration of the kind in this Christian
country, but also from the circumstances under which
this place of' worship has been erected by the section
of the Jewish community to which it belongs. The
building itself is very tastefully fitted up and decorated
internally, presenting a singular contrast to our
churches, and reminding the visitor at once of the Ori-
ental origin of the people for whose peculiar religious
observances it has been set apart. it is light( d from
windows placed immediately under the root, is quadran-
gular in shape, and has a gallery extending round the
sides and entrance, and the front of which is
not boarded in, but protected by a light and elegant
railing. This gallery is supported on wooden pillars,
painted in imitation of variegated marble, and which ex-
tend to the roof, giving the whole interior a very graceful
and airy appearance. Here the female part of the con-
gregation are seated, while below the males aro placed
ranged in benches extending on each side of the Syna-
gogue, and constructed in a very commodious and simple
mariner. The centre is an open space, having the her-
monion and reading-desk at the end next the door, and
the altar, the ark, end the pulpit at the other extremity.
Highly err bellished as every part of the building is, these
last mentioned objects form the principal attractions.
The effects of colour, of rich gilding, and of cos ly velvet,
have been combined upon them with praiseworthy taste,
and the coup deed produced is really very striking. The
pulpit was very ably filled on the occasion by the Rev. D.
W. Marks, who delivered an address therein, praise-
worthy for the spirit of liberality and intelligence
which it breathed, for the propriety of language
and grace of manner with which it was delivered,
and which Gentiles as well as Jews might have
listened to with edification. The preacher took
as his text, 11. Chronicles, c. xxviii., v. 20, and baying
shortly referred to the scriptural meaning of the pas-
sage, he proceeded to point out how the religious
observances of the Jewish people had fallen into a state
which imperatively required reformation ; how it bad
become necessary to secure such a modification of
the ritual as would produce a more solemnizing
effect on the congregation, and, particularly elevate the
female sex from the degraded position which they
had Litherto occupied. He showed that this was to be
done by omitting the Talmudic and Mesnaic passages
hitherto included in the service, but tot required by the
ceremonial law which the Bible imposed. That law
he professed his desire to adhere to, but the
forms which mars from age to age had laid for giving ex-
pression to the spirit of the B:bie ought, be contended,
to be modified by circumstances. He had, therefore
also omitted parts of their ritual relating to times of
persecution. On these principles the West London
Congregation of British Jews had been established
seven years ago, and on these principles, having
ascertained by experience that they met with the ap-
probation of a large number of the Hebrew community,
the new synagogue was, he said, consecrated for public
worship. Ile alluded to the persecution which be and his
associates had undergone in their undertaking, but said
that all hostility was now passing away, and expressed
his hope that the reforms which had been effected would
be found in the end to have strengthened Judaism
against infidelity on the one hand, and apostacy on the
other. The only other points of striking interest an the
ceremony on Mind ,y were the procession with the scrolls
of the law and the introduction into the ritual of a
prayer for the Queen and the Royal Family.

THE EFFECTS OF THE DANISH BLOCKADE UPON
THE TRADE ON is still stiffurieg, from the
continuance of the blockade, a degree of mercantile de-
press on unprecedented during a numbrr of years. Week
after week have the foreign correspondents of some of the
daily journals stultified themselves by reiterating on digs
of the certain'y of an immediate suspension of hostilities.
This fact renders the repetition of the same statements
within u day or two past utterly valueless. Meanwtd!O
our noble steamers are laid up, as if it were the middle
of winter; the quays, at this season of the year gene-
rally insufficient for the temporary disposal of the bales
landed upon them, now present vacant areas ; and
the hundreds of labourers ordinarily engaged in the
lading. unlading, or transhipping of cargoes, stand all the
day idle for the want of employment necessary to the
support of themselves and families, apart from parish
relief. It has been ascertained, by actual inquiry, that
there are upwards of 2,000 men out of work in this
port at the present moment, and on these not fewer
than 4,000 women and chidren are dependent. During
the last week we have had neither ar-
rivals from nor departures for Hamburgh ; and
the vessels which were recently refused an entrance to
the Elbe have had their cargoes unladen. Every day
adds an incalculable amount of individual distress, suf-
fering, and want, to the already vast aggregate with
which the working classes in Hull are now afflicted, and
the baneful influence of which is rapidly extending to
the tradesmen and middle classes at large.—Kull
Advertiser. _ _

ABUNDANCE OF THE APPLE CROr.—As proof of
the teeming [respect presented by the apple trees in this
county, there was on Monday brought to this (Alioe a
small shoot from a tree growing at Grafton, upon which
were no fewer than fifteen of the young fruit, all promis-
ing wilt. Such a specimen we never saw before, and if
other trees are at all like this, and no untoward weather
occurs, the crops must be large indeed. 'lima, although
the pear trees have tailed, it seems probable that a large
quantity of cider will be made this year. Hereford
Jou; nal.

The Farnesian Gardens at Rome are formed upon
the slope of the Palatine-hill, and clown the ruins of
the Pdace of the ('Tsars; Cardinal Alexander Farnese
caused them to be executed simply as a place for agree-
able relaxiAtion, and not liar an abode. The captivating
nature of the spot chosen for the execution of this grace•
ful at chitectura I scheme, rendered it very eligible for the
purpose to which it was to be adapted. 'The various
parts consist of an ornamental entrance, a covered walk,
a semi-circular court, flights of steps, and sloping
walks leading to grottoes, terraces, and pavilions,
decorated with fountains, niches, and statues, tbo
whole enriched with varied and luxuriant foliage, re-
lieved and contrasted by marble fragments tastefully
arranged—the latter drawn, from the inexhaustible
mine of .antiquity upon which the gardens are
reared. 'l he garden entrance is the work of
Vignola, to whom are also attributed the grotto
and its approaches ; the magnificent fountain,
forming the back ground to the third terrace, with its
semi-dome and reek-work basins are considered to be
the work of Michael Angelo, as also the flights of steps
which, winding round on either side of the pavilions,
lead to the upper terrace. The pavilions them-
selves, which served as aviaries, and crown the
summit of the gardens, are the work of Bainaldi.
The buildings are placed obliquely, in order to enhance
the beauty of the perspective view, as seen from the
entrance gateway below. The Italian architects fre-
quently adopted this peculiar mode of grouping build-
ings, with the view to add to their picturesqueness
,of
effe c t.— B _ _ _

MONEY MARKET.--The premium on gold at Paris
is 12 per mille, which, at the English Mint price of 31. 17s.
100. per ounce for standard gold, gives an exchange of
25.45; and the exchange at Paris on London at short
being 25.42 k, it follows that gold is 0.10 per cent.
dearer in Paris than in London. By advises from
llamburgh the price of gold is 438 per mark, which,
at the English Mint price of 31. 17e. 101 d. per ounce for
standard sold, gives an exchange of 13.111; cud the
exchange at llamburgh on London at short being
13.111, it follows that gold is 0.06 per cent, dearer in
London than in Hamburgh. The course of exchange at
New York on London is 109 per cent., and the par of
exchange between England and America being 109 23.40
per cent., it fellows that the exchange is 0.58 per cent.
against England. But the quoted exchange at New
York being for bills at 60 days' sight, the interest must
be deducted from the above difference.
The report that the Lyceum Theatre will close in
a fortnight is entirely without foundation, the theatre
will net close till the usual time—the end of July.
A new street waterer has been patented by Mr.
Salter of Birkenhead. The tank is of cast-iron,
mounted on cart wheels, which in rotating work a force
pump, projecting the water into an air chamber, and
thence in a steady stream into pierced pipes as usual. A.
breadth of 30 feet, or only one-half, can thus be effectu-
ally watered, or the force pump thrown altogether out of
gear, by treadles at the driver's feet and handles at his
side. The cost of the forcing apparatus is 15 guineas,
and of the whole 45 guineas. The machine, it is said,
can do the work of three ordinary water carts.--Builder.
PUBLIC PETITIONS.—The 53d report of the Select
Committee specifics 488 petitions against the Marriages
Bill, signed by 14.286 persons ; 196 petitions in its
favour, signed by 37.806 persons ; 10 petitions against
the Sunday Trading Bill, signed by 1,837 persons ; 17
petitions iu its favour, signed by 4,013 persons. 483
petitions for agricultural relief, signed by 56,047 per-
sons. 15 petitions in favour of the Bankrupt Laws
.Con.
solidation Bill, signed by 8,361 persons. 172 petitions
for the suppression of promiscuous intercourse, signed
by 7.683 persons. 131 petitions for an alteration of
the Beer Act, signed by 20,011 persons. And 1,136
petition
persons,soforreferring disputes to arbitration, signed by
208,318

THE Commissioners of the Metropolis Turnpike-
roads north of the Thames, wi:l hold a Special Meeting at
their Office, 22, Whitehall-place, in the parish of Saint Martin 4n-the-
Fields, in the City of Westminster, on FRIDAY, the 20:h day of July
next, at the hour of One in the Afternoon, for the purpose of con-
sulting whether any and which of the several Toll-gates and Side-
bars now placed on and by the side of the Fourth District of the said
Metropolis Turnpike-roads north of the Thames, shall be removed
and placed elsev. hue or discontinued, and whether any other Toll-
gates and Side-bars shall be erected on or by the sides of the roads
in the said district, and in what situations the same shall be placed.
By order of the Commissioners,
J. L. PANTER, Chief Clerk and Secretary.
Metropelis Roa'is Mice, Wt.itehall-place, Jane 21, 1849.