The Sun.
London, England, 1825-01-08 00:00:00

AMERICAN PRESIDEN f'S MESSAGE.

[For the preceding part, see THE SUN of yesterday-
It is estimated that the receipts ;into the Treasury during
the current year, exclusive of loans, will exceed 18,500,000
dollars, which, with the sum remaining in the Treasury at the
end of the last year, amounting to 9,483,922 dollars 81 cents,
will, after discharging the current disbursements of the year,
the interest on the public debt, and upwards of 11,633,011
dollars 52 cents of the principal, leave a balance of more than
3,000,000 dollars in the Treasury on the first day of January
next. _ _ _

A larger amount of the debt contracted during the late war,
bearing an interest of six per cent., becoming redeemable in
the course of the ensuing year, than would be discharged by
the ordinary revenue, thz Act of the 26th of May authorised a
loan of 5,000,000 at four and a half per cent. to meet the same.
By this arrangement, an annual saving will accrue to the pub-
lic of 75,000 dollars.
Under the Act of the 24th May last, a loan of 5,000,000
dollars was authorised, in order to meet the awards under the
Florida Treaty, which was negociated at par with the Bank of
the United States, at four and a half per cent., the limit of in-
terest fixed by the Act. By this provision, the claims of our
citizens, who had sus' ained so great a loss by spoliations, and
from whom itydemnity had been so long withheld, were
promptly paid. . For these advances the public will be amply
repaid, at no distant day, by the sale of the lands in Florida.
Of the great advantages resulting from the acquisition of the
territory, in other respects too high an estimate cannot be
formed.
It is estimated that the receipts into the Treasury, during
the year 1825, will be sufficient to meet the disbursements of
the year, including the sum of 10,0(81,000 dollars, which is
annually appropriated by the Act constituting the Sinking
Fond, for the payment of the principal and interest of the pub.
lie debt.

The whole amount of the public debt, on the Ist day of Ja-
nuary next, may be estimated at 86,000,000 dollars, inclusive
of- 2,500,000 of the loan authorized by the Act of 26th May
last. In this estimate is included a stock of 7,000,000 dollars,
. issued for the purchase of that amount of the capital stock of
the Bank of the United States, and which, as the stock of the
Bank still held by the Government, will at least be fully
equal to its reimbursement, ought not to be considered as
constituting a part of the public debt. Estimating, then, the
whole amount of public debt at 79,000,000 dollars, and regard-
ing the annual receipts and expenditures of the Government, a
well-founded hope may be entertained, that, should no unex-
pected event occur, the whole of the public debt may be dis-
charged in the course of ten years, and the Government be left
at liberty afterwards to apply such portions of the revenue as
may not be necessary for current expences, to such other objects
as may be most conducive to public security and welfare. That
flu !warn applicable to these objects will be very considerable,
may be fairly concluded, when it is recollected that a large
amount-of the public revenue has been applied, since the late
war, to the coustruction of the public buildings in this city, to
ti.e erection of:fortifications along the coast, and of arsenals in
difilTent parts of the Union ; to the augmentation of the navy;
to,The extinguishment of the Indian title to the large tracts of
fertile territory; to the acquisition of Florida; to pensions to
Bevolutionary officers and soldiers ; and to invalids of the late
War.

On many of these objects, the expence will annually be di-
minished, and at no distant period ceases on most of all. On
tke.lat January, 1817, the public debt amounted to 123,491,985
dollars 16 cents; and, notwithstanding the large sums which
have been applied to these objects, it has been reduced, since
then, 37;446,961 dollars 78 cents. The last of the public debt
. will be redeemable on the Ist January, 1835, and while there
is the best reason to believe that the resources of the Govern-
ment will be continually adequate to such portion of it as may
become due, in the interval it is recommended to Congress to
seize every opportunity which may present itself, to reduce the
rate of interest upon every part thereof. The high state of the
public credit, and the great abundance of money, are at this
time very favourable to such a result. It must be very grati-
fying to our fellow citizens to witness this flourishing state of the
.public finances, when it is recollected that no burthen whatever
has been imposed upon them.
The Military Establishment, in all its branches, in the per-
formance of the various duties assigned to each, justifies the
favourable view which was presented of the efficiency of the
organization, at the last Session. All the appropriations have
been regularly applied to the objects intended by Congress ;
and, so tar as the disbursements have been made, the accounts
have been rendered and settled, without loss to the public.
The condition of the army itself, as relates to the officers and
men, in science and discipline, is highly respectable. The
Military Academy, on which the army essentially rests, and
to which it is much indebted for this state of improvement, has
attained, in comparison with any other institution of a like
kind, a high degree of perfection. Experience, however, has
si,own, that.the dispersed condition of the corps of artillery is
unfaveurable to the discipline of that important branch of the
military establishment. To remedy this inconvenience, eleven
companies have been assembled at the fortifications erected at
Old Point Comfort, as a school for artillery instruction ; with
intention, as they shall be perfected in the various duties of
that service, to order them to other posts, and to supply their
pieces with other companies, for instruction in like manner.
In this mode, a complete knowledge of the science and duties
of this army will be extended throughout the corps of artillery.
, But to carry this object fully into effect will require the aid of
Congress; to obtain which, the subject is now submitted to
your consideration.
Of thecprogress which has been made in the construction of
fortifications for the permanent defence of our maritime fron-
tier, according to the plan decided on, and to the extent of the
existing .appropriation, the report of the Secretary of War,
which is herewith communicated, will give a detailed account.
Their final completion cannot fail to give great additional secu-
rity to that frontier, and to diminish proportionably the ex-
pence of defending it in the event of war.
The provisions in the several Acts of Congress of the last
Session, for the improvement of the navigation of the Minis.
eippi and the Ohio, of the harbour of Presq'isle on Lake Erie,
the repair of the Plymouth Beach, are in a course of regular
execution ; and there is reason to believe that the appropria-
tion in each instance will be adequate to the object. To carry
these improvements fully into effect, the superintendence of
them has been assigned to officers of the corps of engineers.
Under the act of the 30th April last, authorizing the Presi-
dent to cause a survey to be made with the necessary plans and
estimates of such roads and canals as he might deem of national
importance in a commercial or military point of view, or for
the transportation of the mail, a Board has been instituted,
~consisting of two distinguished Officers of the Corps of Engin-
,eers, and a distinguished civil engineer, with assistants, who
lave been actively employed in carrying into effect the objects
of the act. They have carefully examined between the Poto.
mac and the Ohio rivers ; between the latter and lake Erie ;
between the Allegheny and the Susquehanna; and the routes
between the Delaware and the Yaritan, Barnstaple and Buz-
zard's Bay ; and between Boston Harbour and Narraganse
Bay. Such portion of the Corps of Topographical Engineers
as could be spared from the survey of the coast, has been em-
ployed in surveying the very important route between the Po-
tomac and the Ohio. Considerable progress has been made in
it, but the survey cannot be completed until the next season.—
It is gratifying to add, from the view already taken, that there
is good cause to believe that this.great national object may be
fully accomplished.
It is contemplated to commence early in the next season the
execution of the other branch of the Act, that which relates to
the Southern States to New Orleans, the importance of which
cannot be too highly estimated. All the officers of both the
Corps of Engineers who could be spared from other services,
have been employed in exploring and surveying the routes for
canals. To digest a plan for both objects for the great pur-
poses specified, will require a thorough knowledge of every part
of our Union, and of the relation of each part to the others,
and of all to the seat of the general Government. For such a
d;gest it will be necessary that the information be full, minute,
and precise. With a view to •these important objects, I sub-
: mit to the consideration of Congress the propriety of enlarging
both the Corps of Engineers,. the Military and Topographical
It need.scarcely be remarked, that the more extensively these
corps are engaged in the improvement ef their country, in the
execution of the powers of Congress, -and in aid of the States,
in such improvements as -lie beyond that limit, when such
aid is desired, the happier the effect will be, in many views of
which the subject is susceptible. By profiting of their science,
the works will be always well executed ; and by giving to the
"officers such employment, our union will derive all the ad-
vantage in peace as well from war, their talents and services,
which they can afford. In this mode also, the Military will
-be incorated with the Civil, and unfounded and injurious
distinctions and prejudices of every kind be done away. To
the Corps themselves, this service cannot fail to be equally use-
ltd--:since, by the knowledge they would thus acquire, •they
would be eminently better qualified in the event of war, for
the great purposes for which they were instituted.
Our relations with the Indian tribes within our limits, have
.not been materially changed during the year. The hostile dis-
position evinced by certain tribes on the Missouri, during the
last year, still continues, and has extended, in some degree,
to those on the Upper:Mississippi and the Upper Lakes. Seve-
eta parties of our citizens have been plundered and murdered
13_y 'Use tribes. In order to establish relations of friendship
sie,‘"`" e, lh
tae em "Con at the last Session made an appropria-
- treaties with them, and for the employment of a
-suitable military escort to accompany and attend the Commis-
. Aionews at the places appointed for the negociations. This ob-
n effected.
_The season was too far .advanced

when the appropriation was /made, and the distance too great
to permit it : but measures have been taken, and all the pre-
parations will be completed, to accomplish it at an early period
in the next Session.

Believing that the hostility of the-tribes, particularly of the
Upper Mississippi and the Lakes, is no small degree, owing to
the war which is carried on•between the tribes residing in that
quarter, measures have been taken to bring about a general
peace among them, which, if successful, will not only tend to
the security of our citiiens, but be -of great advantage to the
Indians themselves. 'With the exception of the tribes referred
to, our relations with all the others are on the most friendly
footing; and it ()Words me great satisfaction to add, that they
are making steady advances in civilization, and the improve-
ment of their condition. Many of the tribes have already made
great progress in the arts of civilized life. This desirable re-
sult has been brought about by the humane and persevering
policy of the Government, and particularly by means of the
appropriation for the civilization of the Indians. There have
been established, under the provisions of this Act, thirty-two
schools, containing nine hundred and sixteen scholars, who are
well instructed in several branches of literature, and likewise
in agriculture and the ordinary arts of life.
Under the appropriation to authorize treaties with the Greek
and Quapaw Indians, Commissioners have been appointed,
and negociations are now pending, for the result is not yet
known.

For more full information, respecting the principle which
has been adopted for carying into effect the Act of Congress
authorizing surveys, with plans and estimates for canals and
roads, and on every other branch of duty incident to the De-
partment of War, I refer you to the Report of the Secretary.
The squadron in the Mediterranean has been maintained in
the extent which was proposed in the Report or the Secre-
tary of the Navy of the last year, and has afforded to our com-
merce the necessary protection in that sea. Apprehending,
however, that the unfriendly relations which have existed be-
tween Algiers and some of the Powers of Europe, might be
extended to us, it has been thought expedient to augment the
force there, and in consequence, the North Carolina, a ship of
the line, has been prepared, and will sail in a few days to join it.
The Force employed in the Gulph of Mexico, and in the
neighbouring seas, for the suppression of piracy, has likewise
been preserved essentially in the state in which it was during
the last year. A persevereing effort has been made for the
accomplishment of that object, and much protection has thereby
been afforded to our commerce, but still the practice is far
from being suppressed. From every view which has been
taken of this subject' it is thought that it will be necessary
rather to augment than to diminish our force in that quarter.
There is reason to believe that the piracies now complained of
are committed by bands of robbers who inhabit the land, and
who, by preserving good intelligence with the towns, and
seizing favourable opportunities, rush forth and fall on unpro-
tected merchant vessels, of which they make an easy prey. The
pillage thus taken they carry to their lurking places, and dis-
pose of afterwards at prices tending to seduce the neigbouring
population. This combination is understood to be of great
extent, and is the more to be deprecated, because the crime of
piracy is often attended with the murder of the crews, these
robbers knowing, if any survived, their lurking places would
be exposed, and .they be caught and punished. That this atro-
cious practice should-be carried to such an extent, is cause of
equal surprise and regret- It is presumed that it must be at-
tributed to the relaxed and feeble state of the local govern-
ments, since it is not doubted, from the high character of the
Governor of Cuba, who is well known and much respected
here, that if he had the power, he would promptly suppress it.
Whether those robbers should be pursued on the land, the local
authorities be made responsible for these atrocities, or any
other measure be resorted to to suppress them, is submitted to
the consideration of Congress.
In execution of the laws for the suppression of the Slave
Trade, a vessel has been occasionally sent from that squadron
to the coast of Africa, with orders to return thence by the
usual track of the slave ships, anti to seize any of our vessels
that might be engaged in that trade. None have been found, '
and it is believed that none are thus, employed. It is well
known, however, that the trade still exists under other flags.
The health of our squadron, while at Thompson's Island,
has been much better during the present than it was the last '
season. Some improvements have been made, and others are
contemplated there, which it is believed will have a very salu-
tary effect.
On the Pacific our commerce has much increased ; and on
that coast, as well as on that sea, the United States have many
important interests, which require attention and protection. It
is thought that all the considerations which suggested the ex-
pediency of placing a squadron on that sea, operate with aug-
mented force for maintaining it there, at least, in equal extent.
For detailed information respecting the state of our maritime
force on each sea, the improvement necessary to be made in
either, in the organization of the naval establishment gene-
rally, and of the laws for its better government, I refer you
to the report of the Secretary of the Navy, which is herewith
communicated.

The Revenue of the Post-office department has received a
considerable augmentation in the present year. The current
receipts will exceed the expenditure, although the transporta-
tion of the mail within the year has been much increased. A
report of the Postmaster-General, which is transmitted, will
furnish, in detail, the necessary information respecting the ad-
ministration and present state of this department.
In conformity with a resolution of Congress of the last Ses-
sion, an invitation was given to Gen. Lafayette to revisit the
United States, with an assurance that a ship of war should at-
tend at any port of France which he might designate, to re-
ceive and convey him across the Atlantic, whenever it might
be convenient for him to sail. He declined the offer of the
public ship from motives of delicacy, but assured me that he
had long intended, and would certainly visit our Union in the
course of the present year. In August last he arrived at New
York, where he was received with the warmth of affection
and gratitude to which his very important and disinterested
services and sacrifices in our revolutionary struggle, so emi-
nently entitled him. A corresponding sentiment has since
been manifested in his favour throughout every portion of our
Union, and affectionate invitations have been given him to
extend his visits to them. To these he has yielded all the
accommodation in his power. At every designated point of
rendezvous, the whole population of the neighbouring country
has been assembled to greet him ; among whom it has ex-
cited, in a peculiar manner, the sensibility of all, to behold the
surviving members of our revolutionary contest, civil and mi.
litary, who had shared with him in the toils and dangers of
the was, many of them in a decrepid state. A more interest-
ing spectacle, it is believed, was never witnessed, because none
could- be founded on purer principles, none proceed from higher
or more disinterested motives. That the feelings of those who
had fought and bled with him, in a common cause, should
have been much excited, was natural. There are, however,
circumstances attending these interviews which pervaded the
whole community, and touched the breasts of every age, even
the youngest amongst us. There was not an individual pre-
sent who had not some relative who had partaken in those scenes,
nor an infant who had not heard the relation of them. But the
circumstance which was most sensibly felt, and which his pre-
sence brought forcibly to the recollection of all, was the cause in
which we were engaged, and the blessings which we have derived
from our success in it. The struggle was for independence and
ltberty, public and personal, and in this we succeeded. The
meeting with one who had borne so distinguished a part in that
great struggle, and from such lofty and disinterested motives,
could not fail to affect profoundly every individual, and of every
age. It is natural that we should all take a deep interest in his
future welfare, as we do. His high claims on our Union are
felt, and the settlement universal that they should be met in a
generous spirit. Under these impressions, I invite your atten-
tion to the subject, with a view that regarding his very impor-
tant services, losses, and sacrifices, a provision may be made
and tendered to him, which shall correspond with the senti-
ments, and be worthy' the character of the American people.
In turning our attention to the condition of the civilized
world, in which the United States hare always taken a deep
interest, it is gratifying to-see how large a portion of it is
blessed with peace. The only wars which now exist within
that limit, are those between Turkey and Greece, in Europe,
and between Spain and the new Governments, our neighbours,
in this hemisphere. 'ln both these wars, the cause of Inde-
pendence, of- Liberty, and Humanity, continues to prevail.—
The success of Greece, when the relative population of the
contending parties is considered, commands our admiration
and applause, and that it has had a similar effect with the
neighbouring powers, is obvious. The feeling of the whole
civilized world is excited, in a high degree, in their favour_
May we not hope that these sentiments, winning on the hearts
of their respective Governments, may lead to a more decisive
result; that they may produce an accord among them, to re-
place Greece on the ground which she formerly held, and to
which her heroic exertions, at this day, so eminently entitle
her ?

With respect to the contest, to which our neighbours are
a party, it is evident that Spain, as a Power, is scarcely felt
in it. These new States had completely achieved their inde-
pendence before it was acknowledged by the United States,
and they have since maintained it, with little foreign pressure,
The-disturbances which have appeared in certain portions of
that vast territory, have proceeded from internal causes, which
had their origin in their former Governments, and have not
yet been thoroughly removed. It is manifest that these
causes are daily losing their effect, and that these new States
are settling down under governments elective and repre-
sentative in every branch, similar to our own. In this course
we ardently wish them to persevere, under the firm conviction
that it will promote their happiness. In this their career, how-
ever, we have not interfered, 'believing that every people have a
right to institute for themselves the government which in their
judzment may suit them beat. Our• example is before them,

of the good effect of rich, being our neighbours, they are corn-
petent Judges, and toteir judgment weleave it, in the expecta-
tion that other powersill pursue the same policy. The deep in-
terest which we take t their independence, which we have ac-
knowledged, and in se enjoyment of all the rights incident
thereto, especially in he very important one of instituting
their own government has been declared, and is known to the
world. Separated, aswe are, from Europe, by the great
Atlantic Ocean, we as have no concern in the wars of the
European Governmen& nor in the causes which produce them.
—The balance of pow between them, into whatever scale it
may turn in its winos. vibrations, cannot effect us. It is the
interest of the Unite-States to preserve the most friendly re-
lations with every pow, and on conditions fair, equal, and ap-
plicable to all. But irregard to our neighbours, our situation
is different. It is impsible for the European Governments to
interfere in their cancels, especially in those alluded to, which
are vital, without affecing us ; indeed, the motive which might
induce such interference in the present state of the war between
the parties, if a war it my be called, would appear to be equally
applicable to us. It is gratifying to know that some of the
powers with whom we ejoy a very friendly intercourse, and to
whom these views haveieen communicated, have appeared to
acquiesce in them.
The augmentation of ur population, with the expansion of
our Union, and increaseanumber of our States, have produced
effects in certain brancliesof our system, which merit the at-
tention of Congress. Sone of our arrangements, and particu-
larly the Judiciary estaslishment, were made with a view to
the original thirteen Statetonly. Since then the United States
have acquired a vast exult of territory; eleven new States
have been admitted into tie Union, and territories have been
laid off for three others, wtich wiP likewise be admitted at no
distant day. An organization of the Supreme Court, which
assigns to the Judges any portion of the duties which belong
to the inferior, requiring their passage over so vast a space,
under any distribution of the Sates that may now be made, if
not impracticable in the executici, must render it impossible for
them to discharge the duties c either branch with advantage
to the Union. The duties of he Supreme Court would be of
great importance, if its decisioss were confined to the ordinary
limits of other tribunals; but when it is considered that this
Court decides, and in the last :esort, on all the great questions
which arise under our Constitution, involving those between the
United States individually, between thapStates and the United
States, and between the latter and Foreign Powers, too high
an estimate of their importarae cannot be formed. The great
interests of the nation seem b require that the Judges of the
Supreme Court should be °tempted from every other duty
than those which are inciden to that high trust. The organiz-
ation of the inferior Courts vould of course be adapted to cir-
cumstances. It is presumeelthat such a one might be formed
as would secure an able ant faithful discharge of their duties,
and without any material aupnentation of expence.
The condition of the Aboigines within our limits, and espe-
cially those who are within tie limits of any of the States, me-
rits likewise particular attenion. Experience has shewn, that
unless the tribes be civilizec, they can never be incorporated
into our system in any form whatever. It has likewise shewn,
that in the regular augmentation of our population, with the
extension of our settlement!, their situation will become de-
plorable, if their extinctior is not menaced. Some well di-
gested plan, which will resale them from such calamities, is
due to their rights, to the rghts of humanity, and to the ho-
nour of the nation. Their tivilizasion is indispensable to their
safety, and this can be aeomplished only by degrees. The
process must commence wth the infant state, through whom
some effect may be wrought on the parental. Difficulties of
the most serious characte present themselves to the attain-
ment of this very desirable result, on the territory on which
they now reside. To remove them from it by force, even with
a view to their own securty and happiness, would be revolt-
ing to humanity, and utteny unjustifiable. Between the limits
of our present states and territories, and the Rocky Mountain,
and Mexico, there is a vett territory to which they might be
invited, with inducements that might be successful. It is
thought that if that territory should be divided into districts,
by previous agreement with the tribes now residing there,
and civil governments be established in each, with schools
for every branch of instruction in literature and the arts of
civilised life, that all the tribes now within our limits might
gradually be drawn thither. The execution of this plan would
necessarily be attended with expence, and that not inconsider-
able, but it is doubted whether any other can be devised which
would be less liable to objection, or more likely to succeed.
In looking to the interests which the United States have on
the Pacific Ocean, and on the western coast of this continent,
the propriety of establishing a military post at the mouth of
Colombia river, or at some other point in that quarter, within
our acknowledged limits, is submitted to the consideration of
Congress. Our commerce and fisheries on that sea and along
the coast have much increased and are increasing. It is
thought that a military post, to which our ships of war might
resort, would afford protection to every interest, and have a
tendency to conciliate the tribes to the north-west, with whom
our trade is extensive. It is thought also that by the esta-
blishment of such a post, the intercourse between our western
states and territories and the Pacific, and our trade with the
tribes residing in the interior, on each side of the Rocky Moun-
tain, would b essentially promoted. To carry this object into
effect, the appropriation of an adequate sum to authorise the
employment of a frigate, with an officer of the corps of Engi-
neers, to explore the mouth of Columbia river, and the coast con-
tiguous thereto, to enable the Executive to make such establish-
ment at the most suitable point, is recommended to Congress.
It is thought that attention is also due to the improvement
of this city. The communication between the public build-
ings, and in various other parts, and the grounds around those
buildings, require it. h is presumed, also, that the completion
of the Canal from the Tiber to the Eastern Branch, would
have a very salutary effect. Great exertions have been made,
and expences incurred by the citizens in improvements of va-
rious kinds; but those which are suggested belong exclusively
to the Government, or are of a nature to require expenditures
beyond their resources. The public lots which are still for
sale, would, it is not doubted, be more than adequate to these
purposes.
k rom the view above presented, it is manifest that the si-
tuation of the United States is in the highest degree prosperous
and happy. There is no object which, as a people, we can de-
sire, which we do not possess, or which is not within our reach.
Blessed with governments the happiest which the world ever
knew, with no distinct orders in society, or divided interest in
any portion of the vast territory over which their dominion ex-
tends, we have every motive to cling together which can ani-
mate a virtuous and enlightened people. The great object is
to preserve those blessings, and to hand them down to our
latest posterity. Our experience ought to satisfy us that our
progress, under the most correct and provident policy, will not
be exempt from danger. Our institutions form an important
epoch in the history of the civilized world. On their preser-
vation, and in their utmost purity, every thing will depend.
Extending, as our interests do, to every part of the inhabited
globe, and to every sea, to which our citizens are carried by
their industry and enterprise, to which they are invited by the
wants of others, and have a right to go, we must either protect
them in the enjoyment of their rights, or abandon them, in
certain events, to waste and desolation. Our attitude-is highly
interesting, as relates to other powers, and particularly to our
Southern neighbours. We have duties to perform, with re-
spect to all, to which we must be faithful. To every kind of
danger, we should pay the most vigilant and unceasing atten.
tion ; remove the cause where it may be practicable, and be
prepared to meet it when inevitable.
Against foreign danger the policy of the Government seems
to be already settled. The events of the late war admonished
us to make our maritime frontier impregnable, by a well-di-
gested chain of fortifications, and to give efficient protection to
our commerce by augmenting our navy to a certain extent,
which has been steadily pursued, and which it is incumbent
upon us to complete as soon as circumstances will permit. In
the event of war, it is on the maritime frontier that we shall be
assailed. It is in that quarter, therefore, that we should be pre-
pared to meet the attack. It is there that our whole force will
be called into action to prevent the destruction of our towns and
the desolation and pillage of the interior. To give full effect to
this policy, great improvements will be indispensable. Access
to those works, by every practicable communication, should be
made easy, and in every direction. The intercourse also be.
tween every part of our Union, should be promoted and faci-
litated by the exercise of those powers which may comport
with a faithful regard to the great principles of our Constitu-
tion. With respect to internal causes, those great principles
point out, with equal certainty, the policy to be pursued.......
Resting on the people, as our governments do, State and Na-
tional, with well-defined powers, it is of the highest importance
that they severally keep within the limits prescribed to them.—
Fulfilling that sacred duty, it is of equal importance that the
movement between them be harmonious, and, in case of any
disagreement—should such ever occur, a calm appeal be made
to the people, and that their voice be heard and promptly
obeyed. But Governments being instituted for the common
good, we cannot fail to prosper, while those who made them
are attentive to the conduct of their representatiVes, and con-
troul their measures. In the pursuit of those great objects, let
a generous spirit and national views and feelings be indulged,
and every part recollect that, by cherishing that spirit and im-
proving the condition of the others, in what relates to their
welfare, the general interest will not only be promoted, but the
local advantage reciprocated by all.
I cannot conclude this communication, the last of the kind
which I shall have to make, without recollecting with great
sensibility and heartfelt gratitude, the many instances of the
public _confidence, and the generous support which I have
received from my fellow-citizens, in the various trusts with
which Ihave been honoured. Having commenced my service
in early youth, and continued it since, with few and short in-
tervals, have witnessed the great difficulties to which crux

Union has been exposed, and admired the virtue and courage
with which they were surmounted. From the present prosper-
ous and happy state, I derive a gratification which I cannot
express. That these blessings may be preserved and perpetuat-
ed, will be the object of my fervent and unceasing prayers to
the Supreme Ruler of the Universe.
Washington, Dec. 7, 1824. JAMES IIONROE.

VOTES for PRESIDENT of the UNITED STATES.
The votes for the President of 'the United States stood as fol-
lows :—The following States gave all their votes to Mr.
Adams :
New Hampshire - . - 8
Maine . . . . 9
Massachusetts - - . 15
Connecticut . - . 8
Rhode Island - - - - 4

-44

In addition to these, Mr. Adams had 26 votes from New
York, 1 from Delaware, and 3 from Maryland. Total for Mr.
Adams, 74.
The following gave all their votes to General Jackson :
Pennsylvania - 28
New Jersey - . 8
—36

In addition to these, Gen. Jackson had 1 from New York and
7 from Maryland. Total for Gen. Jackson, 44.
For Mr. Crawford, the State of Virginia gave all its votes,
24. New York, 5 ; Delaware, 2 ; Maryland, 1. Total for Mr.
Crawford, 32. _

For Mr. Clay there were 4 votes from New York.
States whose votes are not yet given :—Vermont, 7 ; North
Carolina, 15 ; S. Carolina, 11 ; Georgia, 9; Kentucky, 14 ;
Ohio, 16 ; Tennesee, 11 ; Louisiana, 5 ; Mississippi, 3 ; Ala-
bama, 5 ; Indiana, 5 ; Illinois, 3 ; Missouri, 3. Total that
have yet to vote, 107.
It is now fully understood that there will be no choice of
President by the Electors, and of course that the appointment
of Chief Magistrate will devolve upon the House of Represen-
tatives.