The Sun.
London, England, 1849-04-05 00:00:00

shall simply make allusion to the disturbed loyalty
of Jamaica, of tl:e Canadas, and of Ceylon. What-
ever the Prime Minister may say with the intention
of allaying in some degree the general anxiety ex-
perienced in regard to these three distant, widely
separated, and most important colonies, it is certain
that there is serious cause for that anxiety in conse-
quence of the opposition offered to, or the odium ac-
quired by, the respective representatives of the SOVE-
REIGN.

Now about Ceylon. It scarcely required
the indignant voice of the Hon. Member for Inver-
ness-shire to pronounce from the floor of the House of
Commons the condemation of Viscount TORRINGTON.
The cruelty of his proceedings as Governor, parti-
cularly towards that priesthood which is the peculiar
object of veneration amongst the Cingalese, was a
matter of notoriety long before Mr. BAILLIE breathed
a syllable upon the subject within the precincts of
Westminster. And no sane man has the shadow of
a doubt as to the culpability of the Governor of
Ceylon, notwithstanding the attempt made in his
behalf to shift the responsibility from his
shoulders to those of his subordinates; notwithstand-
ing that Mr. CHARLES WYNN PAYNE, in the first of
his admirable pamphlets on the Crown Colonies in
the Eastern Empire* asserts very confidently that
" the subs in office are supers in error." Something
more than an incidental declaration to the contrary is
required to remove the onus of blame at present
tottering over the head of Lord TORRINGTON. Some-
thing more than the promise of a blue book is neces-
sary to prove that Nobleman's competence to preside
over the destinies of two millions of the Asiatics.

Again, as to Jamaica. That island, which the repre-
sentative of Montrose mournfully referred to last
evening as baying been hitherto regarded as a
"pattern colony," has now assumed a rather serious
attitude from the breaking out of hostilities between
the two Chambers of its Legislature. The Council
of Kingston have declared their open opposition to
the Assembly—a state of things equivalent to a rup-
ture between our Lords and Commons—and yet it is
pretended that there is only cause in all this for con-
gratulation ! Before any such opinion can be formed
by the community at large, some more explicit
andsatisfacfrtoomry
sdiisrpeatacAhßesLmEsuGstßbEeyr.eceived in Down-
ing-street Lastly, there are the Canadas. And does any Minister
possess the consummate effrontery to expect that the
nation will exult in the situation of affairs in that
quarter ?—when the Chamber of Representatives are
voting compensation to rebels, and are thereby offer-
ing an insult to the SOVEREIGN, an outrage to the
mother country, and an indignity to the Supreme
Government when riotous crowds are assem-
bling in the streets of Montreal, and
burning effigies of obnoxious Deputies in
the Place d'Armes? It would certainly require
an almost miraculous ingenuity on the part of the
Earl of ELGIN and KINCARDINE to transform these
troublous occurrences, in our estimation, into reasons
for feeling secure as to the retention of our North
American dominions. Why, as to the average tone
of the Administration over the two Canadas, what says
a very able commentator upon the history of those
Colonies,'' Lieutenant MILLINGTON HENRY SYNGE ?
llesays this, "Let the regret with which these colonies
revolted be always borne in mind Generations have
succeeded; yet in the hearts of many of the best
and noblest that lingering regret remains ;
not that the revolt took place, not that
it was successful, but that it was rendered neces-
sary." And yet it is coolly maintained that while
these sentiments are retained, while the local Legisla-
ture is dispensing indemnities among the insurgents,
while the detested policy is continued, while the
people are inflamed to a state of infuriation, we need
only fold our arms and rest contented !

All things considered, we are satisfied that Mr.
HUME was authorised to speak as he did last evening
upon the alarming condition of our colonies—and
that his justification, if discernable nowhere else, is
visible in the present condition of Ceylon, of Jamaica,
and of the Canadas.

We have, on a former occasion, given a brief
description of a life-preserver from shipwreck, on
a principle as novel as it is simple. %Ve now
learn, that the merit of this invention is due to
the indefatigable Captain BULLOCK, R.N., a copy
of whose letter to the First Lord of the Admi-
ralty we insert with much pleasure in another
column. Of late years, many plans for saving life
have been submitted to the public ; but like many
clever systems of short-hand, which, looking well
on paper, nobody can read, so the neat
life-preservers are found in a storm to be
not only worse than useless, by adding to
the danger of the waves, as clumsy stirrups, put
to poise the rider, serve but to drag him under the
horse when his feet get entangled in the confusion of
falling. "Captain BULLOCK'S safety raft," by which de-
nomination he modestly hopes to attach his name to the
cause of humanity, is free from all these objections.
It can be readily constructed—easily launched—is
cheap and valuable as it is simple. As those who
run may read when time presses, so in moments of
awful emergency those who sail may swim, and swim
safely, inßuLLocK's buoyant raft. All honour be to the
gallant inventor ! for if he who makes a blade of
grass grow, where none flourished before, surely he
who contrives to save life is at least as worthy as he
who destroys it, whether on land or water.
" The path of glory leads but to the grave",
while

" The proper study of mankind is man."
And that Captain BULLOCK proves to have very much
at heart.

The laborious and protracted investigation into the
wholesale butcheries known by the name of " the
Stanfield-hall murders," has at length been brought
to a conclusion. After a trial which lasted six
entire dap, during which the prisoner was allowed
every possible advantage of which he would accept,
the jury without hesitation recorded the only verdict
consistent with the solemn obligations they had un-
dertaken—a verdict which consigns the wretched
criminal to an ignominious death • upon the
scaffold.

It would be impossible to overrate the intense
anxiety felt by the public generally in relation to this
extraordinary outrage. Every detail of the trial was
sought after with the utmost avidity. We at least
discharged our duty in this respect. Notwithstanding
the pressure of Parliamentary matter, and the im-
portant debates that took place in both Houses, we
gave each day a full and detailed account of the pro-
ceedings, together with a summary of what had taken
place to within a few minutes before our usual hours
of publication, which bad been received by electric
telegraph; and last night we published an Extraordi-
nary Edition within a quarter of an hour after the
verdict of the jury was delivered, and even while the
Learned Judge was passing the dread sentence of the
law, announcing the result of the trial.
Whatever doubts or difficulties might have
been entertained in the earlier stages of the in-
quiry were completely dispersed after the exa-
mination of the unfortunate woman who was residing
at Potash- farm with' her seducer at the time of the
perpetration of the double assassination. The train
of presumptive evidence was indeed complete; no
link in the chain was wanting. Although the crimi-
nal bad vainly imagined that his concealment was
perfect, that no one living could speak to his identity,
the combination of circumstances, each, perhaps,
minute and insignificant in itself, produced a moral
certainty not inferior to that which would have
been attained had the blood of the victims
been shed in the broad light of day, and in the pre-
sence of many unimpeachable witnesses, by whom the
murderer had been seized " red-handed," surrounded
with all the evidences of his awful guilt. Every ad-
ditional fact only served to render assurance doubly
sure, to force conviction upon every unprejudiced
mind. The bloodstained criminal himself was,
perhaps, the only one who entertained any doubt
as to the result. He, indeed, appeared to underrate
the force and power of the vast body of evidence that
was accumulated against him, and, with a blind per-
versity, to hope even against hope, and to suppose that
he could succeed in deceiving the arbiters of his future
fate. With that same perversity he declined availing

* "The Eastern Empire. Crown Colonies. (First
Series.) Ceylon. By Charles Wynn Payno, Esq." Bvo.
pp. 20. 1847. G. Odell: London.
f " Canada in 1848, being an Examination of the
Existing Resources of British North America, &c. By
Millington Henry Synge, Lieutenant, Royal Engineers. Bvo. pp. 32. 1848. Effingham Wilson; London.

himself of the professional assistance which could
not have been refused by a of Learned aiithquen
on the circuit, and vainly imagined that he could
conduct his own defence with greater skill and judg-
ment than any of the talented gentlemen whose
services on the occasion he so foolishly repudiated.
They, indeed, had good reason to rejoice at being
spared a task so painful and disgusting, a task which
nothing but an overwhelniming sense of duty could
induce any person to undertake; but the fate of the
criminal was thereby rendered inevitable. He sealed
his own doom by his absurd self-reliance. It is
scarcely possible that the most skilful advocate could
have struggled against the overwhelming array of
facts that were adduced, but every chance was
flung away when he determined on acting as his
own counsel.

How could he have hoped to break down the
testimony of the unfortunate woman whom he had
ruined under a pro mise of marriage a promise
sustained and strengthened by a hypocritical affec-
tation of religion, and a plausible but most futile
and infamous train of reasoning? Every question
by which he endeavoured to entrap his victim into some
apparent contradiction—to cast upon her the imputa-
tion of perjury in addition to the deep injuries he had
already inflicted, only prejudiced his case, and added to
the deep feeling of disgust and condemnation that
must have been entertained by every one who had
heard of the atrocious outrage, and who witnessed the
audacious bearing and the almost inexplicable con-
duct of the assassin. It afforded an additional and
most powerful illustration of the truth of the old
adage—

" Quem Deus vult perdere, prius dementat."

As we have already stated, the case was one com-
pletely of circumstantial evidence. It was true that
all those who witnessed the awful transaction
expressed their thorough belief that the
prisoner at the bar was the assassin.
The faithful girl, ELIZA CLIESTNEY, who was so
seriously wounded, spoke with the greatest degree of
certainty, and described the reasons by which she
was influenced. There was, however, no complete or
satisfactory identification, and unless their evidence
had been corroborated by additional and more conclu-
sive testimony, the crime could not have been
brought home to the offender. But when we find
four unimpeachable witnesses, all agreeing in
describing the demeanour and aspect of the mur-
derer as coinciding with that of the prisoner,
so that every one was at the very moment impressed
with the opinion that he was the man—
when in addition we find the motives for the offence
in the animosity he entertained against the murdered
gentleman, the long course of litigation in which he
had been involved, and the fictitious deeds, which
could only be rendered available after the removal of
the party whose signature had been forged, the
proof of his handwriting to the notice dropped in the
Hall, notwithstanding the disguised character in
which it had been prepared ; the coincidence of the
paper on which it had been written with two books
found in the farm, of a set of three that had been sold
to him by Mr. JARROLD, one being unaccounted for ;
when, we say, we find him absent from home at the.
very time that the frightful butchery was going for-
ward—his hurried return—the singular caution he,
with a species of half-confi knee, gave to his compa-
nion, and his own statement that he was aware of
something extraordinary having happened at Stanfield-
hall, and that he knew he would be suspected, and
that he consequently buried the coat he wore in the
pig-stye, where it must have been eaten by the pigs,
no reasonable doubt could remain, but everything
connected with the murder became but too painfully
conspicuous.

There is now no danger that the perpetrator of :a
cold-blooded outrage almost unparalleled in the annals
of atrocity can escape with impunity from the penal
consequences of his crimes. A general relief is expe-
rienced, the thrilling interest that was felt has subsided,
and JAMES BLOOIIIFIELD RUSH will descend to his dis-
honoured grave without regret or sympathy.

rHE FRENCH REPUBLIC

We have received the Paris papers of yesterday.
The Moniteur du Soir contains an, official an-
nouncement of the arrival of King CII&RLES ALBERT
in Paris from Bourges, which he left by special train
at half-past ten yesterday morning. This announce-
ment was, however, subsequently stated to be in-
correct.
A !etter from Turin, published in the semi-official
Patric, thus explains the views of the new King of
SARDINIA, to ask advice on which from the PRESI-
DENT of the French Republic is the object of the
mission of GIORERTI. The letter which is dated
March 30, says—
"We are entering on a new Oasis. The king, who
hesitated yesterday, has come to a decision to-day. He
desires peace, but an honourable peace, for Piedmont.
Everybody now expects that the Chamber of Deputies
will be dissolved, and that soon afterwards there will be a
medificatian of the Royal statute in the following sense
—a fixed electoral qualification, a modified liberty of
the press, and the exclusion of Lombards and Vene-
tians from public offices. As to the views of the Cabinet
of Vienna, the following are, if I am well informed,
the basis of the treaty of peace, which will be pro-
posed to the King, and which, it is said, he is dis-
posed to accept. An offensive and defensive alliance
with Austria ; a war contribution of 100 millions
of francs, but, in exchange, the annexation of the Duchies
of Parma and Placentia to Piedmont; a complete am-
nesty for the Lombards and Venetians; an Italian Con-
gress for the federation of all the states of Italy under
the patronage of Austria; the seat of the federation to
be at Milan; and the votes to be as follows with refe-
rence to the extent of territory:—Lombardy and Venice,
10; Naples, 10; Piedmont, 10; Rome, 6; Tuscany, 3;
Modena, 2; the re-establishment of the Pope and of the
Grand Duke of Tuscany. As to the kingdom of Ve-
netian-Lombardy it will form a separate Government,
with a very liberal constitution united by the bonds of
fraternity with the other states of the Monarchy. The
entry of Gioberti into the Ministry has caused a great
sensation. The demagogical journals are furious; but
the King seems resolved to give him an immense in-
fluence. He was in' conference with him during the
whole of the night, and at the close of the conference
Gioberti set out for Paris. The troops are returning to
Turin. They know how the Republican journals have
spoken of them, and are therefore full of animosity to
the red party. Antonio Profumo, the Mayor of Genoa,
has applied for troops to keep down the agitation in that
city. The corps of De la Marmora, now composed of
8,000, will be sent to maintain order."
The object of the mission of Chevalier HUBNER, the
Austrian Envoy Extraordinary, is said to be to represent
to the French Government how heavily the yoke of
Russia presses upon Austria, and to request the assist-
ance of France in shaking it off; in order to do which
it will be necessary that France should come to an
understanding with Austria on the Italian question.
He is, consequently, commissioned to urge upon the
French Government the necessity of intervening in
the affairs of Rome while Austria takes possession of
Tuscany. Huttrait, faithful to his old instincts
acquired under METTERNICH, does not hesitate
to have recourse to cunning and misrepresentation
in order to induce M. Ditouirt DR L'Hurs to expel
the Lombard exiles from France, which is in all pro-
bability the real object of his mission. He declares that
the administration of RADETZSKY has been of the
mildest possible character—that the Lombards gene-
rally are devoted, heart and soul, to Austria, and he
urges that the exiles should be forced to return with-
out Austria being called on to give any guarantee
for their safety.
Towards the close of the sitting of the National
Assembly on Tuesday, that most unfortunate and
testy of Ministers, M. LEON FAUCHER, suffered
another defeat. He moved for a grant of money
to defray the expenses of the political and moral
superintendence of the theatres; but the Assembly
recollecting that the political and moral superintend-
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365 to 332. •

LOUIS BLANC, CAUSSIDIERE, HERMEAU, LATIREON,
SEIGEUNT, and NAPOLEON CHANCEL have been con-
demned by default to transportation for life.
TM. PROUDNON'S journal, Le 7'euple, was seized on
uesday for publishing an article asserting that the
PRESIDENT of the Republic had contracted obliga-
tions of a pecuniary character, by which he was so
hampered that he was prevented from exercising his
own free will and judgment in political matters.
The Vnion„ the organ of the Legitimatists, states that
the members of the jury panel of the High Court of
Bourges, which was composed of representatives from
all the Councils General of the Departments of France,
held several meetings previous to the striking of the
jury, on the state and prospects of France, which
were presided over by M. RAVE; the celebrated Pre-
sident of the Chamber of Deputies under the Restora-
tion. The conclusions arrived at are stated by the Union
to be as follows :—"France is not yet prepared for any
other Government than that of the Republic. The three
great parties who wish to re-establish Monarchy in