The Sun.
London, England, 1825-10-26 00:00:00

From the LONDON GAZETTE, Oct. 25.
Lord Chamberlain's O, cc, Oct. 24..
The Lord Chamberlain of his Majesty's Household has ap-
pointed the Ret'. Thomas Randolgh, Rector of Hadham, and
a Prebendary of St. Paul's Chaplain in Ordinary to the King,
in the room of the Rev. Dr. James Hook, promoted.

INSOLVENTS.
' Oct. 22.—Joliti Pritchard and James Burton, Yew!ley, Mid-
dlesex, brick-makers.
Oct. 24.—Thomas Bentinck Rigg, Caroline-place, Chelsea,
common agent.
Oct. 25.—Samuel Green, Kingsland, plumber:
BANKRUPTS.
, J. Wilson, King-street, merchant, to surrender Nov. 5, 16,
Dec. 6; at the Bankrupts' Co..rt, Basinghall-street. Solicitor,
Mt, Gates, Cateaton_street. -
J. Parr, Nottingham, victualler, Nov. 1,2, Dec. 6, at the
George the Fourth Inn, Nottingham. Solicitor, Mr. Capes,
Holborn-court, gray's inn.
R. Orme, Burton-upon-Trent, draper, Nov. 7,8, Dec. 6,
at the George Inn, Huddersfield. Solicitots, Messrs. Battye,
Fisher, and Sudlow, Chanary-lane. '
IV. Tinsley, Arnold, Nottinghamshire, blacksmith, Nov. 10,
11, Dec. 6, at the Flying Horse Inn, Nottingham, Solicitors,
Messrs. Hurd and Johnson, Temple.
W. S. Burnett, New London-street, merchant; Oct. 29,
Nov. 8, Dec. 6, at the Bankrupts' Court, Basinghall-street.
Solicitors, Messrs. Sweet, Stokes, and Carr, Basinghall-street.
J. Miten, South Wraxhall, Wiltshire, baker, Oct. 29, Nov.
5, Dec. 6, at the White Lion Inn, Bath. Solicitors, Messrs.
King and Lukia, Gray's inn-square.
W. Godden, Portsea, carpenter, Oct. 29, Nov. 5, Dec. '6,,
at the Bankrupts Court, Basinghall-street. Solicitor Mr. Sut-
cliffe, New Bridge-street, Blackfriars.
R. Harding, Chapel-street and New-road, Somers-town, tim,
ber-merchant, Nov. 5, 16, Dec. 6, at the Bankrupts' Court;
Basinghall-street. Solicitors,,Messrs. Freeman and Heatlicote,
Coleman-street.
G. W. Harris and C. Evans, Southampton and Portsea,
linen-drapers, Nov. 15, Dec. 6, at the Bankrupts' Court, Bas-
inghall-street. Solicitor, 111 r. Hartley, New Bridge-street,
lilackfriars.
G. Wilson, Constitution-row, Gray';-inn-road, corn-chan-
dler, Noi: 8, 12, Dec. 6, at she Bankrupts' Court, liming.,
hall-street. Solicitor, Mr. Carpenter, John-street, Bedford,
row. *:
Palterson and W. Elliott, Basinghall-street, merchants,
Nov. 8, 12, Dec. 6, at the Bankrupts' Court; Basingliall-strut.
Solicitor, Mr. Rushbury, Carthusian-street, Charter-house-
square.

DIVIDENDS.
'Nov. 15: P. Hamelin, Belnont-place, Vauxhall, plasterer—,
NO. 26, IL I. 'froward, Cuper's-bridge, Surrey, soap-manu-
facturer—Nov.. 1, W. T. Ryall, Upper Berkeley-street
west, Paddington, stone-masons—Nov. 8, W. I. Arnold, Idol,
lane, Tower-street, wine-broker—Nov. 18, S. and J. Stott,
Spotland, Lancashire, woollen-manutacturers—Nov. 19, J.
J. Wetton, W. James, and 'l'. Payne, jun., Wood-street,
ri ban d -tnan u l'acturers—No v. 15, B. Barge, Clifrord-street,
Bond-street; wine-merchant—Nov. 5, J. and F. Collins, Nicho-
las-lane, Lombard-street, timber-merchants—Nov. 19, J.
Whintield and 'l'. Thompson, Gateshead, Durham; cast-iron-
founders—Nov. 14, A. Oompertz, Great Winchester-street,
merchant—NoV, 5, B. Winch, sen., Hawkhurst, gent, grocer
—Nov. 23, J. Li. Robins, Sunderland, mercer—Nov. 21, W.
Durtnail,. Dover, ironmonger—Nov. 17, W. hl. Hole, Kings,
kerswelL, Devonshire, tanner—Nov. 17, H. Wheeler, Bland-
ford-Forum, Dorsetshire, butcher—Nov. 17, J. Gordon, Liver-
pool, merchant=-Nov. 19, T. hledd, Staple-inn-buildings,
hatile.row,Holborn, draper.

CERTIFICATES, Nov.
R. Howe,
Haymarket, job-waster—J. Bradfield, London-
wall, grocer—R. Richards, Bordesley, Warwickshire, iron-
manufacturer -- W. Narcott, Castle-street, Leicester-fields,
wine-merchants —J. Nirillison, Borough-road, carpenter--
P. Sarrells Copthall-court, merchant--J. Mallyon, Chatham,
Kent, victualler.

SHIPS DISSOLVE.
J. and T. Brown,PARTNE Sunßderland, common-breweDrs—D. Jack-
son and W. Broadfoot, Liverpool, American. merchants—J.
Copland and J. Kelvie, Oxford, licensed drapers—B. Newton,
J. Whitehead, W. Dalton, and J. Schofield, Oldham, Lanca-
shire, cotton-spinners—R. Dobson and T. Mason, Haymarket,
perfumers—J. Clark and E. Biddulph, Dean's-row, Walworth,
corn-merchants—.M. and E. Steele, Whitehaven, mil-
liners—J. P. and G. Callard, Noel-street, Seim,. goldsmiths--
C. C. Watkinson and J. Exton, Huddersfield linen-drapers—
W. and S. Oliver, Manchester, paper-makers—D. Marshall
and E. Watson, Liverpool, sal ainmoiac-manutacturers—S.
Sandars, Gaicsborough, J. and Y. Sandars, Derby, and S.
Sandars, junior, Boston--,-T. Gurney, and J. S. Cook, Edge-
ware-road, bakers—W. Munton, J. Clifton, and R. N. 3inn_
ton, Bourn and Spalding, Lincolnshire, general merchants—J.
Sunderland and J. Guy, Halifax, machine-makeirs--'T. Thick
and E. Lake, Quadrant, .Regent-street, builders—T. Shep_
hard and J. Haworth, Little Bolton, Lancashire, machine-
makers—T. Coleman and S. Johnson, f'ate's-wharf, City-roml, wholesale dealers in salt—F. Moorlionse and T. IL Parker,
Shorter's_court, Thtogmorton-street--C. Toplis and E. S. Pear-
son—W. Crompton, -W. Whittaker, and W. Robinson, Old,
ham, Lancashire, cotton-spinners, so far as regards W. Whit-
taker—F. Devereu and 11. Taylor, Jewinastreet-crescent and
Cheapside, engineers—T. and E. Bell, Oundle, Northampton.
shire, printers--E. Bell and J. Cunnington, Oundle, North-
amptonshire, limeburners—.T. Neale and S. Stockley, Strand,
engravers—W. J. Beckingsale and T. Cavei,jun., New Sarum,
Wiltshire, surgeons—E. Stalker and J. Neck, Strand, en-
gravers—J. J. M. and C. Richardson and J. Williams, Oxford-
street, linen-drapers, so far as regards J. Williams--W. Innes
and H. Lumsden, Aberdeen, Commercial Banking Company.

ENSUING OLD BAILEY SESSIONS.--A summstry
statement, descriptive of the various offences with which the
prisoners for trial at the approaching Sessions severally stand
charged :—Murder, 2 ; burglary, 2; house-breaking, 3; horse.
stealing, 3 ; rape, 1 ; stealing in the dwelling-house, 7; fir-
fiery, 2 ; stealing letters at the Post-office 1; embezzling, 2 ;
manslaughter, 1; stealing from the person, receiving stolen
goods, 7 ; fraud, I ; uttering counterfeit coin, 1; attempting
to commit a felony, 1; larcenies, 147,_ total, 21g.
STATE OF NElVGATE.—Prisoners under sentence
of death, 26 ; transportation for life, 31; fourteen years, 19 ;
seven ditto, 59; under sentence for felony and misdemeanors,
12; for trial at the ensuing Sessions, 219; insane, / ; com_
mitted under the Bankrupt Laws, 1 ; whose judgments are
respited; 4; remanded from last Sessions, 1 ; for trial at the
Admiralty ditto, 1; at Clerkenwell ditto, 2.--Total, 367.

ORIGIN OF PAINTING.

Mlt. EDITOR—Notwithstanding the great an-
tiquity of Poetry, it is highly probable that Paint-
ing, its sisters and its rival', was the first that was
cultivated by men. Independently of their natural
disposition to imitate whatever strikes their eyes
and pleases their fancy, the shadow of bodies
caused by• the rays. of the sun must have soon
arrested their attention. While they thus beheld
an accurate delineation of objects, they were led
to the means by which they might be able to re-
present them at will upon any surface whatever.
Hence by some authors, the invention of design
attributed to the attempts of a, shepherdess to
make the portrait of "her lover, by ttacing, with
her crook, the outline of his shadow opal the
sand; whilst others imagine that the first draw-
ings were made by shepherds in a mull:ter pretty
similar. In either easel the sun may be considered
as the origin of Painting.
If the Sun pointed out the method of repre-
senting objects, all-powerful Love is said to
have first suggested the idea .of adopting it.—
The beautiful. Dibutade, the daughter of a
.potter of Sieyon, is generally considered as hav-
ing set the first example of drawing. To soothe
the anguish of absence from a youth she loved,
and who was about to depart for a distant court•
try, love inspired her with the idea of tracing,
with a piece of charcoal, the outlines of the
shadow which the countenance of her departing
lover cast upon the wall. The father of the
ingenious maid being struck with the invention,
resolved to turn it to his advantage, and his at-
tempt to do so, gave birth to sculpture. He
applied clay to the outlines drawn by his daughter,
stretched it precisely over the whole circum-
ference of the shadow, and thus, by baking it
with his other wares, he produced the first figure
that had yet been made. This rude attempt,
Pliny observes, was preserved at Corinth so
lately as the 608th year of Rome. Some authors,
however, attribute the above mentioned at-
tempt to a young man who was about to
part from a beloved maid ; whilst others give
to the da.ighter of Bettis, King of Assyria, the
merit of the discovery, asserting that she drew
the outlines of her father's shadow upon a wall.
If so, than to filial piety, and not to love, we
owe the origin of painting. At this distance of •
time, it is impossible to ascertain where, how, or
by whom this pleasing and delightful art was
discovered. The Greeks were never backward
in claiming every species of merit for their coun-
trymen ; and this national prejudice has induced
them frequently to represent themselves us the
inventors of what they only copied or improved.
As the same effect of light upon opake bodies,
could not fail being noticed in all countries, it is
highly probable that it led, much about the same
period of time, to attempts of a similar nature,
and, .consequently, that the first painters of every
country imitated nature alone, and not the pro.
ductions of any preceding artist.
However this may be, certain it is, that the
first essays of the kind were necessarily simple,
as well as rude and barbarous. The productions
of I;.e South Sea islanders, probably afford us a
tolerable good specimen of what might have been
the state of the art, while yet in its infancy. It
may have been pretty universally practised, but
it required the lapse of ages to bring it/to per..
fection. To attain this desirable end, continual
practice cannot alone suffice ; a concurrence of
favourable circumstances is indispensable. Hence,
whilst we see the Fine Arts improve with sin-
gOlar rapidity ih Greece, we find them remain
ever stationary among the Indians and Egyp.
flans. Although the artist can have no other
object in view save that of copying the varied
productions of nature, he continue a mere
copyist, he• will nevi'r arrive at the beau ideal,
which is the very perfection of this art. To do
this, he must be born beneath a genial sky ; he
must possess an enlightened mind, a correct
taste, a singular facility of execution ; he must
meet with that encouragement from his cotem-
poraries, which, by recompencing his successful
labours, can alone stimulate him to redouble his
exertions. Wherever the artist meets with this
concurrence of favourable circumstances, when-
ever he feels assured that riches, honour, fame,
will be the reward of his perseverance, there the
Arts must unavoidably flourish. This was emi-
nently the
..case in Greece, and Gree'ce can
proudly boast of having produced master=pieces
which no other country, no succeeding age, have
been capable of surpassing. _

Very different from these were, however, the
productions of the first Painters, even among the
Greeks. In this infancy of the Art, nothing
more was attempted except tracing the outlines
of objects, in imitation of libritade, either by the
light of the sun, or by that of any other luminous
body. • Charcoal was generally used, and with
this substance a rude attempt was made to repre-
sent any subject that struck the fancy of the
Artist. Among the Greeks, one Cleophantes of
Corinth; was the :first who made use of one
colour, whence he was surnamed .I,,Tonschroma-
, /Os whence he may be, with justice considered
the first. ;whiter. Having by mere chance mixed
brick dust with %valet., and ground this mixture,
he laid it over his figures, and this proved the
he most pleasing, and therefore
feeble beginning of colouring, one of -the most
difficult
cnumistt h:ssettotial, part of the Art of Paint-
ing. In process of time, other colours were-
successively jutrafinc"l.; but their number
,
never exceeded four. It was by a due mixture
and combination of white, red, yellow, and black
that Zeuxis, A pelies, Njohumachus, POlignotus,
&c., produced master- pieces of mrt, which „btaio,d
the brilliant reputation they have never ceased to