The Sun.
London, England, 1849-12-07 00:00:00

,4
DECKMBER 7, 1849.
FRIDAY ”",!, It
-
• al

CROWN COMMERCIAL INN,
DlS.it, NORFOLK.
J. LANE begs moot respectfully to inform the Nobility, Gentry,
Commercial Gentlemen, and the Public in general, that he has taken
the above old-e,tablished and well-c inducted Inn, and intends carry-
ing it on in a manner he trusts will meet the approbation of those
who may please to favour him with their patronage.
The House is pleasantly actuated, and the premises, he flatters him-
self', are equal to any commercial house in the county.
J. L. also begs to state, that for the accommodation of his patrons
and the public, he has started an OMNIBUS from his House to the
Railway Station, to meet every Train, so that persons wishing to
meet the Train, by leaving their address at the Crown Inn, will be
sure to be called for in due time, as oho greatest punctuality in start-
ing will be attended to.

N. B. Choice Old Wines, superior Foreign and British Spirits, real
Havannait Cigars, Bottle ,I P, rter, Scotch and other Ales, Cider, &c.,
well-aired Beds, spacious Stabling, loose Boxes and lock-up Coach-
houses.

VELL GWYNNE TAVERN and CHOP -
1.1 HOUSE, Three Doors East of the Adelphi Theatre, and op-
posite Adam-street.

The Legal Profession, Gentlemen connected with the Pusslic Offices
and Banking Houses, also Visitors tothe Theatres, and Parties from
the colntry will find the Table d'Hete at Half-past Five precisely'
the most economical, comfortable, and convenient in the metropolis.
Fish and Joints, 2s. Hot Joints until Eight, and Suppers until One
o'clock. Luncheons, &c. Good Beds. Superior Wines and Spirits.
Barclay and Perkins's Stout, and Salt's Ales.
JOHN ARCHER and THOMAS HOLT, Proprietors.
N.B. An Entrance also from Maiden-lane.

THE ROYAL POLYTECHNIC
INSTITUTION, REGENT-STREET.

The First of a Series of Illustrated Lectures, by Dr. Bachhoffner,
en the Philosophy of Scientific Recreation, daily at Two o'clock, and
on the Evenings of Tuesday and Thursday, at Eight.—An entirely
new Set of Dissolving Views of London in the Sixteenth Century,
and as it now is, with a Descriptive Lecture, daily, at Half-past
Four, and in the Evenings at a Quarter to Ten.—The Views of
Rome are shown daily, at One o'clock.—A. Lecture on the Cultivation
of the Voice and on the Art of Singing, by G. Clifford, Esq., on Tues-
day, Thursday, and Saturday, at a Quarter to Foar, and on the al-
ternate Evenings, at Eight.—Lectures on Chemistry, by Mr. Ashley.
--Exhibition of the Oxy-Hydregen Microscope, Diver and Diving-
bell, &c , &c.

EYEBROWS MUSTACHIOS, and WHISKERS produced in a

few weeks, and Baldness removed and prevented, by the use of
GRIM S TON E'S AROMATIC
REGENERATOR.

if you are in want of that beautiful adornment of the human
figure, a natural sudply of human hair, obtain through the post, or
of any wholesale or retail chemist or druggist, or perfumer, an 119.
bottle of Grimstone'e Aromatic Regenerator. Thi2 is an essential
spirit, drawn from aromatic herbs and flowers (grown at his Her-
bary, Highgate), which hat been long known to the nobility and
gentry, by whom it is highly appreciated for its manifold virtues, too
numerous to be set forth in an advertisement, but may be read in;his
pamphlet, in which the bottles are enclosed.
Each pamphlet has the signature of William Grimstone, Merchant,
Herbary, Highgate, and will be found at page 11, under the copy of
Mrs. Weekly's Letter to the Editor of the " Times" newspaper, 7th
of August, 1546.
This pamphlet Is forwarded through the post, on receiving two
postage stamps.
The Aromatic Regenerator can be forwarded through the pest on
receiving a post-office order for 4s. 6d., 7r. Bd., or 125., which in-
cludes the postage with the case.
The I la. size contains four of the 4s,
A few of its many virtues, as thousands can prove, are published
in the pamphlet enclosed with each bottle.

Reader, reflect for a few minutes, and if you are 40 years of age,
you will remember the thousands of blind you meet with in your
walks, others with various coloured eye-shades ; indeed, such was
the demand for eye-shades, that it was a business. What has re-
moved those sightless beings, and given place to a straightforward,
clear-sighted people (the climate is the same) ? I'll tell you the cause
—the universal use of Grimstone's Eye Snuff ! and because it cured
Ophthalmia, Gutta Serena, Catartet, Nervous Headach, and Deaf-
ness, the Lords of the Treasury directed it to be denominated a medi-
cine, and to be stamped. Although this advanced its character, 67
cases of cure being proved by the informers, still it was-an act of
oppression ; as in 1825 the Solicitor of Stamps, Godfrey Sykes, Esq.,
altered the label, and sanctioned its sale under order of the Lords of
the Treasury; the letter of protection, signed by Herries, Fsq., to
Mr. William Grimstons, bearing date 18th February, 1525. This was
on account of its curative qualities, being sold at that time in canis-
ters, within the reach of every poor family. But under this order of
Government it is obliged to be stamped.
GRIMSTONE'S MEDICATED EYE SNUFF, sold in canisters,
Inclosed in a pamphlet of medical and other testimonials, under the
Government order, at Is. lid., 2s. ad., and 4s. tld. each. The
Pamphlets sold at Id. each. If through the post, Is. Bd., is. Gd. and
ss. Bd., including postage, &c. The following letter is one out Of the
tnany thousand proofs.
Read the following Medical Testimony to the cure of five cases
of Gutta Serena, from G. H. Boutell, Professor of Galvanism :
" Southsca, near Portsmouth, Hants, sth Nov., 1846.

" AIR. W. GRIMSTONE.—Sir—I must in Justice to you send the fol-
lowing Testimonial with regard to the extraordinary efficacy of your
Eye Snuff in caws of Gutta Serena. I have used it in five cases with
the naost astonishing benefit and cure. Sir, you may advertise this ! !
or make what use yen please. The cures have wholly astonished
use and thousands of others.—l am, Sir, &c.,
G. H. It OUTELL, Professor of Galvanism."

All letters to Mr. William Griinstone, Herber'', Highgate, near
London, at which establishment h• continues to manufacture his
far-famed HERB TOBACCO, so much esteemed in all foreign parts.
Tee folowing letter, in testimony of its delightful qualities, is from
the author of the " Pleasures of Home :"

" Springflel 1 Cottage, Honiton, Devon, 15th August, 1848.
" Sir,—•l cannot deny myself the pleasure of stating how highly I
esteem your Herb Tobacco. I have now found in it a substitnto for
the choice leaf, hitherto obtained by me from a friend in Constanti-
nople. lam sure that lovers of mild, fragrant Tobacco would find
yours a great and acceptable gift, at a very reasonable price.

" 1 an 2 your obedient servant,
" STUART FARQUHARSON, D.C.L.

" To Ur. William Gemstone, Herbary, Highgate."
This extensively-famed Tobacco is sold by all chemists and den-
tists, and others, with W. Gemstone's signature attached, at 714 d...
Ls. 1 'Ad., 2s. 9d., and 4s. ad. each, including the Government stamp

A 8 8 I A Qr E.
cin One half the wend are desolately single, and the other
apposing them married, questionably contented. Diffidence, or a
isneo of right determine the former, and miscalculate:l hopes em-
.:tter the latter. The solitary ono may shield himself under the plea
1' caution and worldly prudence, and the indissoluble, regret un-
Improshig hurry ; but the truth lies deeper. Physical incapacity,
too broken health, are the great hindrances to domestic happiness
lei social content. The dowry should not be the only marriage sat-
.leatent. Honour end Justice deneand that health shouldform an item
the cavvact ; it alone dignifies tho alliance. Blighted hopes er
-ezdect wesind more sorely than poverty or misfortans. Reader, if
hose surmises concern you, procure Dr. CULVERWELL'S little
IEMOIRS "On Single and Married Life, " pub. In 2 vols., Is.
stch (by rest, in stumps, Is. 6d. each). Let no imaginatively
Ailed, or prudish feeling deter you, by their titles, nor be hixdered
,v misinterpretation of their supposed contents, from obtaining
'API. They are not Intended certainly for mere idle curiosity, but
ar the closet perusal cf those mere deeply Interested, to whom
tkey are offered as antagonistic to the empyrteal trash put forth on
cue above subjects, by unqualified authors, which alone or
)gether, are a disgrace to the age. Furthermore, two other
Ito publications claim your attention (same price Is. ouch,
)5, j oat Is. 6d.) called " What to Eat, Drink, and
(void," and " How to bo Happy." They are not merely
pamp i led s, but equal in quantity a library volume, nor are they the
Isere ephemeral scribblings of the hour, but the study of the author's
ifs who owes his present existence, health, and position to this ob-
;ervanza of thu maxims he would inculcate—to do mato others as he
/govt.( be done unto—to live after nature's laws—and to keep always
on the "sunny side of the way." The above works may be had of
4herwooi, 23, Pat ornoster-row ; Carvalho, 141, Flcet.street • Mann,
32, Corniiill ; Spokes, 5, Ilciborn hill ; or direct (by post or other-
wiao) r.sous the author (who may be conferred with personally,
mornings and evenings),Argyll-elsee Ragout-street; and Ili
Bookseller

THIRTY-FIRST EDITION.
Illustrated by 26 Anatomical Coloured Engraving's on Steel.
)11 PHYSICAL DISQUALICATIONS, GENERATIVE INCAPA-
CITY, .AND IMPEDIMENTS TO MARRIAGE.
wow Edition, enlarged to 196 pazes. Just published, price 2s. 6d., or
_ _

by nest, dliect fro-m
the Establishment, 3s. 6d. In postage stamps,
PE SILENT FRIEND, a Medical Work on
the infirmities and decay of the generative system, from ex-
!essive indulgence, infection, and the inordinate use of mercury,
vith remarks on Marriage, and the means of obviating certain dis-
Aalifications. Illustrated by 26 Coloured Engravings. By R. and
L. PERRY and CO., Consulting Surgeons, Berners-street, Ox-
ord -street, London. Publis:-..ed by the A.utkors : sold by Strange,
3!, Paternoster-row ; Hannay, 63, and Sanger, 150, Oxford-street;
Starie,33, Titchberno-street, Haymarket; and Gordon, 146, Leaden-
hall-street.

PART I. treats of the anatomy and physiology of the re-productive
organs, and is illustrated by Six Coloured Engravings.
PART IL treats of the consequences resulting from excessive indul-
gence' and their lamentable effects on the system, producing mental
and bodily weakness, nervous excitement, and generative neapacity.
Illustrated by Three Explanatory Engravings.
PART 111. treats of the diseases resulting from infection, either in
the primary or secondary form, and cantatas explicit directions for
their treatment. This section is illustrated by Seventeen Coloured
Engraving..
PART Ili. contains a Prescription for the Prevention of Disease
by a simple application, by which the danger of infection is ob-
viated. This important part of the Work should no escape the
eader's notice._ ._ .

PAUT V. is devoted to the consideration of marriage, and its
duties. The causes of unproductive anion are also considered, and
the whale subject critically and philosophically inquired into.
Timeounrar. BALM OF STRIAOIIM is exclusively employed in treat-
ing nervous an sexual debility, impotence, arc., 11 s. and 335. per
bottle. The Concentrated Detersile 11',33CMIC, all anti-syphilitic
remedy, for purifying the blood it case: ofinfection, secondary r,mp.
toms, eruptions, and the abuse of tre:cary, I Is. and 335. per battle.
Perry's Purifying Specific Fills, 2s. 9d., 4s. 6d., and its. par box, a
certain remedy for gonorrhoea, gleet, stricture, and chronic infiamma-
, ion of the bladder. -_,onstltation fee, if by letter, 11. A minute
detail of the case is tequir ad : age, habits, and position in society.
Si Packets, wite advice, to be had at the Establishment only, by
which the fee,11.,19 saved. Messrs. Perry, Surgeons, are in atten-
dance daily at 19, flamers-street, Oxford-street, London, from Eh.
N en till Tim, 144 Eye to Eight' BandaYS from MeV= Pio Oa'

0 YSTERS.—The real Burnham Native Oysters,
six years old, four hours from the beds, arc packed fresher
mei travel better than any Oysters from Lou 'on. To be had only
of JOHN SWEE rING, Fish and Oyster Merchant, 159, Chexpside,
in Barrels 65., Bs. 6d., 10s. 6d.; in Bags, for Clalss,Sce., 12s.
.6d,

Superior Oyster Rooms, Steed's Baldoek Ale, Reid's Stout. Depot
for Patent Knife Cleaners, Wenliatn-'ake Ice, &c.

nR. GARDNER'S WORM MEDICINE,
Removed from 71, Long-acre to Mr. Prout's, 229, Strand,

London.

It is a melancholy fact that thousands are suffering the privation
of health, and arc ultimately brought to a premature death by a cause
so prevalent as that of worms In the human body, and which is so
frequently overlooked or improperly treated, from either prejudice
or mistake It is, therefore, of importance that every person
should be acquainted with the common symptoms of worms, which
are—disagreeable odour of the breath, fevered tongue, particular
heaviness or languid bluish appearance about the eyes, swelling and
paleness of the lips, especially the upper lip, frequent itching of the
nov, an unequal state of the pulse, appetite very irregular, and the
bowels also, pale and emaciated countenance, and at other times the
face will be flushed, griping p,ins, a short, dry cough, great thirst,
vomiting, startings during sleep and grinding of the teeth, frequent
pains in the sides, listlessness, and want of inclination to take ex-
ercise, inflammation of the eyes, &c. &c. These are :owe of the
general symptoms of being afflicted with worms ; adults as well as
children are subject thereto. Youth or age may with the utmost
safety have recourse to this old-established medicine, which is
adopted by numerous families as a general medicine, particularly in
spring and autumn.
Sold in boxes, at is. 9d. and 4e. Gd., and for children at la. 11,14 d.
Also, the Cordial Tincture, to be used with the pills, but which will
be found an invaluable family medicine for complaints of the stomach
and bowels, bile, cholic, spasms, &e.-Is. 13,2 d., 2s. 9d., 4s. 6d.,
and lOs. Gd. each bottle.

Observe the name of Thomas Front" Is printed in the Govern-
ment stamp.

POLICE INTELLIGENCE.
GUILDHALL.

George Alexander Collie, Bermondsey-square, was
again brought up before Sir James Duke, charged
with stealing a number of shares in the rriesland
Gas-light Company, embezzling various sums of
money, and making use of a life_policy, the property
of his employer, Mr. George Ogle, Great Winchester-
street, solicitor ; and John Abraham; Charlotte-
street, Caledonian-road, Islington, with receiving the
shares and policy, knowing them to be stolen.
After hearing further evidence, Sir- JAMES DUKE
said there was nothing touching Abrahams, and
therefore he was discharged. The Magistrate re-
manded the other defendant until to-morrow, to con-
sider what course ought to be pursued.
LAMBETH.

Thomas Stevens, William M'Donnell, Ann Plumber,
and Catherine Hill, who have been remanded on a
charge of drugging and robbing a gentleman named
Stoner, of about 141. in gold and silver, and a valu-
able gold watch and chain, were again brought up.
From the testimony of the prosecutor, and a num-
ber of witnesses, it appeared that on the night of
Wednesday week Mr. Stoner, while passing along the
Dover-road, on his way home, was seized by both the
female prisoners, and dragged into a small house in
Sussex-place. Here they insisted upon his standing
something to drink; and in the hope of being able to
get quietly out of their hands, he gave them
two shillings. In doing . this he had un-
fortunately to take out his purse, and the
prisoners, on observing it, insisted upon his stop-
ping to have part of the drink, and in fact one of
them kept her back against the door whilst the other
went for smut liquor. On the return of the latter,
the prosecutor drank part of some liquor, and from
that moment he became quite unconscious of what
passed until the following morning, between six and
seven o'clock, when he found himself in a wretcteed
apartment on the ground floor, with the door open,
and nearly perished with cold. He also discovered
his pockets cut, and turned inside out, and the whole
of his property gone. The whole of the prisoners
had been seen to leave Sussex-place on the morning
of the robbery, and on the following day the females
oeffv,eBrliLng,—who judged
they were
purchased a complete change of dress, with smart
tbaoknenne s,
into & ce.o t
from their very appearance that something was
Oo
dny
by
hye
Sergeant Thursday Goff,
wrong, and upon being searched at the station 51. or
Cl. in money was found on am.
The case was clearly established against all the
prisoners, and they were committed for trial on it, but
at the request of Sergeant Goff they were ordered to
be brought up again on a future day.
John Williams, a smart youth, dressed in a respect-
able new suit, and whose appearance was such as to
deceive the oldest officer, was finally examined on a
charge of frequenting two chapels, the one in Lam-
beth-walk and the other on Brixton-hill, for the pur-
pose of committing felonies, and also on suspicion of
being concerned with a gang of well-dressed thieves
in picking the pockets of several ladies.
It appeared that on Monday week there was a
meeting at the Wesleyan Chapel, in the Lambeth-
walk, and another at a chapel on Brixton-hill on the
following Friday; at each a number of robberies had
been committed, and at both purses, containing in the
whole upwards of 401., had been taken from the pockets
of ladies. The prisoner had been observed to be very
busy at each of the meetings in trying pockets, and
at Brixton-hill he was given into custody. 'When
asked what he had b: en doing in the chapel, the
prisoner (the meeting being for the support of a
foreign mission) replied, that he had gone for the
purpose of hearing something about foreign parts, and
the word of God.

He was identified by the police as a convicted thief,
and sentenced to six months' imprisonment.

DESTRUCTIVE FIRE.

CROYDON, FRIDAY, 1 ♦.M.--A fire of a very
alarming and destructive character broke out between
eight and nine o'clock last night in the linen factory
belonging to Messrs. Larking and Co., situate at the
North end, Croydon, near the Crown-inn, and imme-
diately facing the police station. The factory, which
was formed of the most inflammable articles, was at
the rear of the front warehouse, and was adjoined on
one side by the extensive coach factory belonging to
Mr. Armfield, and was separated from the lengthy
range of carpenters' and builders' shops belonging to
Mr. Kent by only an exceedingly narrow thorough-
fare, known as Kent's•yard ; so that on the discovery
being made a fearful conflagration was expected, and
the numerous inhabitants of the houses near the spot
at once commenced removing their furniture, Sac., to
a more distant place, in order to escape the ravages
of the flames. From personal inquiries made on the
spot during the progress of the tire, it appears that
whilst one of the P division of police was going his
rounds in K-rofs-yard he perceived an unusual body
of smoke hovering over Messrs. Larking's factory,
and whilst looking to find out the cause an immense
body of flame shot through the side windows, clearly
indicating that the factory was doomed to destruction.
Mr. Inspector Shaw, who was in the station. house
opposite, instantly sent a strong body of police
to render assistance, and at the same time dis-
patched an express to London for the aid of the
engines and firemen. The flames, however, in the
course of a few minutes had obtained complete pos-
session of the whole of the stock in trade in the
factory, as well as the looms, and were rushing forth
from the different apertures in the place, and also
through the roof, completely illuminating the district
within a compass of eight or ten miles. This caused
the engines of the town, as well as those belonging to
the barracks and the Hon. East India Company, at
Addiscombe, to start to the scene of conflagration.
The firemen attending them instantly set to work
from a well in the police-station yard, and with the
aid of the police and inhabitants a continued stream
of water was kept pouring upon the fire. The
moment the news reached London, Mr. Henderson,
the chief of the D section of brigade, with an
engine and a detachment of firemen, started for the
spot, and Mr. Connorton, with the West of England
brigade and engine, quickly followed. When they
reached the scene the whole of the factory was levelled
with the ground, so that the only assistance they
could render was to cool the smoking ruins and pre-
vent any further outbreak. The coach factory of Mr.
Armfield has sustained but trifling injury, owing to
the exertions of the police and firemen, but the greater
portion of the windows in Mr. Kent's workshops are
demolished, and the side front very seriously
damaged by fire, &c. The whole of Messrs. Lark-
ing's front warehouse has escaped any injury, which
was exceedingly fortunate, considering its close
proximity to the burning factory. A vast quantity
of wearing apparel, prate, and furniture belonging to
the inhabitants was removed to the police station, and
protected by the police. Fortunately Messrs. Lark-
ing's loss is partially, if not wholly, protected by in-
surance in the Guardian Fire office. Respecting the
origin of the disaster, the reporter was informed that
a boy who was at work in the factory was sent to
post a letter, and that in his hurry he left a candle
burning, and it is supposed it must have fallen upon
some of the linen undergoing the process cf finishing.

FINSBURY SAVINGS BANK.—The accounts of the
Finsbury Savings Bank, in Sekforde-street, having been
made up to the 30th of November, the managers have
just published the following statement of their receipts,
repayments, and capital during, and at the close of, the
last seven years:—
Itvceiptp. Repayments. Capital.
1843 ... £51,903 £39,726 £165,556
1814 ... 60,110 ... 47,025 185,041
1845 62,117 ... 52,365 ... 200,513
1846 ... 64,400 ... 64,674 ... 205.948
1847 ... 58,096 ... 83.674 ... 185,317
1818 ... 55,726 ... 64,202 ... 182510
1849 ... 65,977 ... 51,791 .. 202,146

Sir Edward Blakeney had an interview with Sir
George Grey yesterday, at the Home. office. Mr.
Corry Connellan had also an int‘aview with the Right
Hon. I3aronet.

THE PAST AND PRESENT STATE OF

THE .NAVY.

TO THE RIGHT HON. LORD JOHN RUSSELL.

, My Lord,—Mr. Tierney said in the House of Com-
mons, " Give me a well-manned navy and a full Ex-
' chequer, and I will defy the world."
Captain Eons said, " A great part of the national
debt has been incurred in building ships and pulling
them to pieces."
I shall take these two observations for my text, and
examine whether they are correct or not.
When Lord Auckland came into office in 1847, he
got up a Channel squadron, consisting of five sail of the
line and as many steamers. This was done, I presume,
in consequence of the disagreement with France about
the Spanish marriages. Lisbon was the head-quarters
of that squadron, which varied from six to four sail of
the line, as it became necessary to relieve the ships on
foreign stations. When the revolution broke out
in France in February, 1848, one three-decked
ship was sent to the Mediterranean, and one to
Madeira for the Queen Dowager, and two and a
frigate, with a proportion of steam-vessels, to Cork,
to be in readiness to clieck any revolutionary move-
ment in Ireland ; and I have reason to believe that
the facility with which the marines of that squadron
were moved from port to port on the coast, with the im-
posing appearance of part of it in Queenstown and part
in Kingstown, very much tended to prevent an outbreak
in that country. After the failure of the great Chartist
movement in England things appeared to get more quiet
in Ireland, and the squadron was recalled to Spithead
in May. The Canopus was paid off ; the Prince Regent
took her place; and shortly after it was reinforced by
the Bellerophon, Blenhein, several steam -vessels and cor-
vettes, and in July we again sailed for Cork with four
sail of line, one frigate, one corvette, one terew cor-
vette, three brigs, and a steamer. The &eject of this
squadron was to try the qualities of the several vessels
previous to proceeding to their different stations, as
well as to be at hand for unforeseen accidents. Ireland
became again disturbed, a rebellion was threatened, and
the squadron, as before, was distributed on various
parts of the coast. A very strong force of steamers was
collected at Kingstown, ready to move troops whither
they might be wanted. Owing to the energetic and
judicious arrangements of Lord Clarendon, the re-
bellion was put down, and the squadron proceeded
to sea to try the different vessels and practise evolutions,
so much required by all branches of the service, from the
admiral downwards. After ten days' cruise the squadron
returned to Queenstown, end finally to Spithead, the
corvettes and brigs proceeded to their respective stations,
and a strong force of steamers remained in Ireland.
Shortly after this Bellerophon was ordered to the Me-
diterranean, Blenheim and Ampkion were laid up, and
the Powerful, which had been lying at Spithead, half
manned, for nearly a year, took Bellerophon's place.
The squadron, now composed of St. Vincent, Prince
Regent, Powerful, Orestes, Rifleman, Plumper, Reynard.
and Stromboli, then sailed for Lisbon, where they ar-
rived after a very long and very boisterous passage on
the 4th of January. It was intended to cruize as far as
the Canary Islands, and return to Lisbon ; but a dis-
pute having arisen with the Emperor of Morocco, the
squadron, joined by the Harlequin, left Lisbon and went
to Gibraltar, where they anchored at night on the 27th of
January, and were jolned by Sidon and Polyphemus.
The appearance there of the squadron, which was
reinforced by the Rodney and Vanguard on their way
home, settled the Morocco question in a satisfactory
manner. The latter ships were ordered home, Regent
and Powerful to the Mediterranean, Orestes to the
Cape, and shortly after the squadron was broken up,
ordered home, and paid off. Seven thousand men wore
turned adrift as fast as possible; and two half-manned
ships—one at Portsmouth and one at Qieenstown—took
the place of the Channel squadron, which I believe was
as efficient as any squadron that ever swam the seas.
Officers and men had become accustomed to sail in line
and keep their stations in the night—so necessary for
the preservation of the ships—besides going through
evolutions which in time of peace they have few oppor-
tunities of learning. The break ng up of the squadron
was to please Mr. Cobden and his friends; and may I
ask what economy has it led to? Russia made an un-
reasonable demand on Turkey; we became alarmed—
the two half-maaned ships were completed, the very
steamers that were paid off have been brought forward,
and several vessels of different descriptions been com-
missioned, and had things turned out serious, we were
at the mercy of Russia, the 7,000 men that had been
turned adrift were nowhere to be found, and nothing left
but to fall back on the coast blockade.
The Turkish question is now settled, the Baltic
frozen, and we are safe ; but, my Lord, let me ask your
Lordship where we should have been had the Emperor
of Russia persisted in his unjustifiable demands? His
Black Sea fleet would have been in the Golden Horn
before ours could have been iu the Dardanelles; and
when there we had not steamers to tow them to Con-
stantinople. This is not all; the Russian fleet in the
Baltic, of from 20 to 30 sail of. the line, might have ap-
peared on our coast and dictated to us what terms they
pleased with regard to Turkey; we were powerless, and
must have submitted—or, where would have been our
trade? where would have been our funds ? and- even, I
may ask, whore would have been the capital of Great
Britain? Had they thought proper to have played a
more prudent game, they might have sent their fleet to
the Mediterranean, where they would have found
friendly ports, and satisfied themselves with the settle-
ment of the Turkish question. Had our Channel squadron
been kept up—and had the three flag ships been
efficient ships, as they ought to be—they would soon
have been manned, formed the nucleus of a squadron,
and kept Russia in check till our fleet was ready. And
here I may ask for what reason are the three flag ships
inefficient? That system was once tried before, and
given up as improper, and now we are trying it again.
These ships should be constantly ready, and in the event
of emergency the admirals and their stuff turned over to
three other ships to get them ready, and captains, offi-
cers, and men appointed to those they had left. So much,
my Lord, for the first part of my text. I think I have
shown we have anything but a well-manned navy. I now
come to the second.

On the Ist of January, 1815, the list of our navy was
as follows:

Three-decked ships
Two-decked ships •••
50 44-gun ships, on two decks ... 26
Frigates of 30 guns and upwards ... 162
Ditto under 30 guns . 50
Ships and vessels under 20 guns ... 328
Showing a total of 747 ships of all descriptions, not in-
cluding ships building, store ships, receiving ships, Sec.
I shall now see what has become of them. Of the 22
three-decked ships there remain four tit for sea, two for
harbour service, one seamen's hospital ship, and one
gunnery ship. All the rest have disappeared, and two
prison and hospital ships besides. Whether they were
all worn out or made sway with to be replaced by larger
ships lam not prepared to say. Six were built between
1765 and 1788., four between 1793 and 1800, and nine
between 1801 and 1814; they have been replaced by nine
ships of 120 guns, one of 116 guns, and three of 104.
Atter the long experience we had during the war the
country had a right to expect that the three-decked ships
built since should have been perfect, particularly as we
bad one ship, the Caledonia, allowed by all hands to be
faultless; but the Admiralty of the day thought other-
wise; at an expense of 92,0001. she was converted into
a ship which sails badly, and carries her ports lower than
before. Lord Exmouth asked as a favour that she might
not be spoilt, in vain.
Britannia is said to be after Caledonia before she was
altered ; but that cannot be, as she is very crank;
Howe and St. Vincent, by the Surveyor of the Navy,
very crank • , Nelson, Neptune, Royal George, Royal
William, and St. George, are said to be after the
Caledonia, and I hope they are ; but if they are like the
Prince Regent, which was likened to the Caledonia, hut
se crank that she was cut down, it is not saying much
for them ; Trafalgar and Waterloo after Caledonia, en-
larged—the former is a good ship, hut does not sail, the
latter I suppose will be like her; Catnperdo'vn was built
after Impregnable, and is good for nothing as a three-
decker ; Princess Charlotte and Royal Adelaide after
the lines of Victory—the former is a good !hip; though
small ; the latter I kno le nothing about ; all the ships
of three decks that have been yet tried say very little
for the acquirements of those who built them. We
shall now see what the new system has produced.
The Queen is certainly a good ship ; I have tried her
in fine weather, and I never saw a three-decker
equal to her. She went through several alterations it
is true, but I speak of her as I found her. In
light winds and the sails clewed up with a moderate
swell, the St. Vincent, by clinometer, rolled 60 times
in the hour, 12 dog. to leeward and 4 deg. to windward;
the Queen 201 rolls, 14 deg. to leeward, 11 deg. to wind-
ward; the Canopus 278 rolls, 15 deg. to leeward, 9 deg.
to windward; Albion 480 rolls 15 deg. to leeward, 10
deg. to windward. I must, however, observe that the
St.. Vincent is a particularly easy ship, and Sir Baldwin
Walker, a much better judge, says in bad weather the
Qteen is perfect. Royal Frederick, Victoria, Prince of
Wales, Royal Sovereign, Winthoe Castle', and Marl-
borough are, I believe, built after the Queen, and I hope
they are so, as iu general our attempts at improvement
have turned out failures, and certainly the Admiralty
took an odd manner to get information, for when a com-
mittee of reference was appointed, the instructions were
as follow:—" In the event of any nautical difference of
opinion between the Surveyor and the committee thus
constituted, the report of the Surveyor is to be re-
ferred to the committee, and that of the committee
to the Surveyor; who are to state, after having duly
weighed the arguments in favour of their respective
views, whether or not they still adhere to their
respective opinions." I wonder whether the Surveyor
ever attended to such an absurd instruction; I should
think not; and the committee of reference has been
abolished. Toe San Joseph is now broken up; she was
a good ship, hut being a foreigner was never copied.
Th© Royal Albert, by Mr. Laing, is larger than the
Q teen, and there I h-pe we intend to stop, for unless
we can produce a larger class of men they nowr will be
able to furl the courses. If more two decked ships are
required, we had much better cut down our bad three-
deckers, and replace them with new ships. Prince
Regent was worthless as a three-decker, but makes a
powerful 90-gun ship. This is certainly an expeneive
means of getting good two-decked shipe, by first build-
ing them up as three•deckers and cutting them down;

... 22
... 159

but as wo have made blunders w•e had better acknow-
ledge them.

. •
I now come to the two decked ships; they have
been cut up without mercy. At the end of the war we
had 159 ships of two decks, not including those on
the stocks ; 23 prison ships, receiving ships, powder
magazines, &c. 01 the 159 four have been turned
into bad steamers, 11 cut down to frigates, 18
turned into convict ships, lazarettos, receiving ships, &c.,
and 111 have disappeared altogether, and all the prison
ships, deaU:s, except one. Several two•decked
ships have 'been broken up, cut down, or converted,
without being at sea, as follow :—The Redoutable, built
in 1815, 'costing 86,0491., was broken up in 1841. The
Anson, built in 1812, costing 88 7621., turned into a
convict ship in 1843. The Vindictive, built in 1813,
costing 81,5401., was cut down in :1832, and was then
put out of sight on the upper part of the harbour for
ten years, because Mr. Blake, who cut her down, con-
trived to get six guns ahead, in a line with the keel, which
no other builder had thought of. She has been at sea
two commissions, has been highly spoken of, and is now
ready for a third. Since 1815 we have launched 49 two-
decked ships. The Minotaur, costing 76,662/, has been
converted into a convict ship without being at sea;
so has the Black Prince; and the Defence, costing,
I suppose, as much. Two which have been at sea
have been turned into store ships and coal
depots; one into a trooper, and one burnt; two of them
were only built in 1819; there now remain 40. Of the
war two-decked ships which have disappeared, seven
were built between 1765 and 1780, 20 between 1783
and 1793, six between 1796 and 1800, and 31 between
1800 and 1814. 01 the immense number of ships taken
from the enemy during the war, the Canopus and Im •
placable clone remain. 22 convict ships—receiving
ships--have disappeared also. It is not possible that all
these ships should have been worn out. The Canopus,
taken in 1797, and the Implacable, in 1805, are still in
existence ; what year they were built in 1 do not know,
but as 11 have been converted into frigates it is pre-
sumable that others were fit for the Fame purpose. We
know that the Tremendous was seivenced at Wool-
wich to be broken up, but was saved, became a fri-
gate, has been to the Pacific, and is now ready
tor sea. We have now, in addition to the war line-of-
battle ships, two-decked ships of various builds. Sir
Robert Seppings introduced the 92-gunned ships,
on two decks, the same tonnage as the largo three-
deckers. Of that class we have three. The Rodney is
the only one tried; she is a fine warlike ship but is not a
very superior sailer. The late Surveyor launched two
90-gun ships and nine 80's; there are various opinions
abut them; in smooth water I believe they sail well
when not overloaded; but when deep under a head sea
they lose much of their sailing qualities, and if the
reports laid before Partiament be true they roll terrifi-
cally. But without giving any opinion of them, one
thing is quite certain—if they are bad ships there are too
many built and building; if they are good ships, why
have they been discontinued? That a set was mar'e
against the late Surveyor is most true, whether just or
not I cannot say; and we all know how difficult it is to
get et the truth. My own opinion is that we plunged
into a new system with too much precipitation, and ha%e
t.bandoned it without being certain we have adopted a
better. The present plan, I believe, is to give more
length, reduce the breadth, and flitter► the floors of the
late Surveyor's ships that are not too far advanced; and
I du trust they will try one before they go headlong into
thisnewsystem. _ _

No shipbuilder of the old school Ills as yet produced
anything remarkable as a line of'. battle ship, and it is
singular that the best two-decked ships we have for 811
purposes are those built after the Canopus, which ship
Sir George Cockburn very properly brought forwaid
and saved from destruction. The 70-gunned ships that
take the place of the 74 have not been tried. There are tw o
of them, and we seem to have quite forgotten that there
are such seas as the North Sea and Baltic, where small
ships en two and three decks, with a light draught
cf water, are indispensable. There are also many
places where the like qualification is necessary; and
I well recollect that during the siege of Cadiz we
were obliged to look up all our old 64's, with a light
draught of water, so that they might lay clear of the
enemy's shells. Another thing we seem to have for-
gotten, that all the work of the wer was done by the
74's, and that the large ships did not stand the block-
ade so well as the small ones. I shall be told, no doubt,
that our 74's are not fit to go into the line, as other na-
tions have incroastd the size and calibre of their ships.
That is quite true, but there was no necessity for letting
them go to decay and breaking them up. Some have
been turned into 50-gun frigates, and we are now build-
ing frigates of 60-guns. Had the upper-deck guns and
poops ban removed from the small 74's, as was done
with the Elephant—which, by the bye, was broken up
aftcrwards without being at sea—they would have made
very good 60 gun frigates till they were worn out.
Then, and not till then, should we have built frigates of
that magnitude, if it Wil9 found they were good ships
at sea.

The 50-gan *hips and 44's on two decks, 26 in number,
are all gone. ..We e persisted . in building these ships
many yearn after the youngest boy in the navy knew
they were useless. The last, I think, was the Isis, and
she was converted into a frigate. I blame those who
continued to build them at a great expense, and I think
those who got rid of them would have shown more
judgment had they converted them into receiving-ships,
coal depots, &c., instead of many tolerable two-decked
ships. The greatest slaughter of all was the frigates,
from 30 guns and upwards. At the end of the war we
had 162, besides store and receiving ships. The large
frigates were thought perfection till the American wer
proved they were totally incapable of contending with
the large Ameriean frigates; but notwithstanding that,
and the number we had on hand, I find by a Parlia-
mentary return dated the 24th of April, 1846, since the
year 1815 we built no less than 45 from 42 to 46 guns,
only 13 of which have been to sea.
I shall first examine what has become of the war
frigate; and afterwards what has become of the 42 and
46-gun frigates built since 1815. It appears by the
Navy List, published by authority, and also by other
official documents, that all the 162 frigates have disap-
peared, except 7 fit for sea ; 3 have been cut down to
corvettes and 1 turned into a screw-steamer; 25 have
been turned into coal depO's, receiving ships, and laza-
rettes; 2 into troop ships, and 125 have disappeared
altogether. Of those built since 1815, 12 have been
turned into depOt and coal hulks; 4 cut down to cor-
vettes; 3 into screw-steamers; 1 paddle-steamer ; 1
burnt; 1 lost. 23 remain as frigates. Several of the
12 depots have never been at sea. The Amphion, a
screw vessel, had her bows altered twice, at an ex-
pense of 6,9281., and was two or three years in the
hands of the engineer, and I don't know if she is ready
yet.. The Horatio has had her stern fitted for a screw
in an extraordinary manner, but has not yet been
tried; nor have the other three. Twenty-two out of
the 45 built since 1813 remain as frigates; generally
speaking, the 42 and 46-gun frigates were good ships.
Six frigates of 32 guns, 12. pounders, built is the war,
were useless. I commanded two of them; they were
very crank, and could neither fight nor run away. Of
thcsa cut down without being at sea, the Amaz in, built
in ]S2I, cost 42,9201., was cut down in 1844 ; the
Daedalus, in 1826, cost 35,0091., cut down in 1844;
Brilliant, built in• 1814, cost 49,8034; Thames, built in
1823, cost 37,051/4 Bacchus, in 1817, cost 34,6914, and
ilebe, in 1826, cost 32,4841, were turned into hu'ks.
In addition to these, tho Trincomalee and Amphitrite,
costing, I suppose, as much as the others, were cut
down to corvettes, and the latter had her bow lengthened,
ithout doing her any good. Tigris and Statira, on the
stocks, well advanced, were pulled to pieces, and their
materials converted to other purposes.
The line-of battle ships and frigates built since 1815,
and broken up, cut down, and converted without being
at sea, cost 619,700/, and I dare say the cutting down,
converting, &c., did not cost less than 200,0001., if I
may judge by the expense of cutting down and repairing
the Dublin, which amounted to 52,839/. I think it was
after the first commission an attempt was made to break
her up, and an estimate of the repairs necessary was
spat in, amounting to 40,0001. This rather alarmed
their Lordships ; they crier( d .!.:er to be re-surveyed,
the estimate was reduced to 10,0001., and it actually cos:
8,9371. 15s. 10d. The expense of building the Amphi-
trite and Trincomalee I have no return of, but I sup
pose it could not be less than 7e,0001., besides the cutting,
dowa and lengthening. We have now on the " Navy
List," four frigates of 60 guns building, 27 frigates of
50 guns, including those cut down ; 10 building; 38
from 30 to 46 guns; one building—all, I believe, good
ships, though few in comparison with what we had at
the end of the war.

Of frigates from 20 to 30 guns we had, in 1815, 50,
many of which ought never to have been built. Six, I
believe, mounted 22 c'arronades; one of than and a cor-
vette were taken by an Atrerioan frigate; they sailtd too
badly to escape, and their i:hot could not r ach their
oppAient. Thy were much worse than the oil 23,
such as the Hinae, which ship might been copied
if it was thought necessary to build such small frigates;
but the opinion then, ?Is is now, that no frigate,•built
ship should be under 30 gun:. The ship-sloops of 16
guns, but nominally 22, wr,•re converted into frigates by
11c. Yorke's Aclmitalty--which class of vessels was
persisted in long after all practical men thought them
useless. They have now all disappeartd except the
Perseus rcceivirg-:ship in the river.
Nevertheless 24 ships of 28 guns, commonly called
" el..:.nlePys," were built after the war; one has been cut
down to a corvette, and answered much better, the rest
have all disappeared but 10; and six converted into stoic
,end receiving ships, and a new class of 28-gun frigates,
pierced for 30 guns, were brought forward by the late
Surveyor, rrit:ch superior to the " donkeys,' but much
inferior, I think, to the old ships from 42 to 46 guns, the
great2r part of which have disappeared ts I have already
sh.;sva.

Scme of the "donkeys" were built by amateurs, but
were not much better. Two of them—the Chall-nger
and Tyne—wore so crank that had they engaged each
other with a press of sail the shot of the weather
ship would have gone under the keel of the leo one, and
the shot of the ke ship over the trucks of the weather
one. Of vessels under 20 guns there were no less than
323. The best class of these vessels were the 18-gun
brigs; we used to think them perfection, but the Adnii-
ralty of the day thou;ht otherwise, and built a set of
corvettes longer than the brigs. They were soon dis-
carded as being bad 'vessels and unsafe. Lord Spencer's
Admiralty built a v, hole lot of flat and useless gun brigs
and named them after his Lordship's hounds. They

enla neither sail nor'eli to windward, and were in
sensequence ill adept-6d to blockade an enemy's ports;
They_are all gor*, and that class will never again appear
on the list of
,t navy.
Of the 18-gi.n beige there are none left; some of them
were turn icl into ship: at an expense of 800/. er 900!.,
-Rrid c1:f1 rot answer. [hey have disaKeared, together
' with all the small craft of every description; their place
has been taken by a number of 16-gun brigs, built by
the late Surveyor, and I believe they are considered
much superior to the 18-gun brig:, both in weight of
metal and sailing. Before they were built a class of
sloops were brought forward by different builders; they
are not bad vessels, and still in existence, but much in-
ferior to the three corvettes of the late Surveyor.
Another class of vessels was built—l mean the 10 gun
brigs; they were begun in 1808, when no less than 36
were built. I suppose they were intended to take the
place of the flat brigs, and they seem to have been built
with the same precipitation. After the war was over
we continued building—though for what purpose God
only knows—and launched no less than 64: 4 foundered
at sea, and 260 men perished; 6, turned into packets,
were lost with 168 men, besides passengers; 7 were re-
duced in armament, and top-hampered; 35 have been
broken up or sold; 12 turned over to the Coast Guard
or breakwaters. I have before said that a nunater of
16 gun brigs have been built on tie plan of the late
Surveyor, to take the place of the 18 gun brigs; and a chit s
of 10-gun brigs, far superior to the old ones, took their
place.

---

To sum up the whole, we have got rid, in various
ways, since 1815, of 13 three-decked si,it,s and 2 receiv-
ing ships; 153 two decked skips and 22 receiving ships;
21 50's and 44's cn two-deck, and 9 receiving ships;
and 180 frigates (from 30 to 50 guns), and 17 receiving
ships; 65 frigates under SO guns; 418 vessels of all de-
scriptions, under 1.!0 guns, and 20 receiving ships, We
have built 14 three•decktd ship; 49 two-flecked ships,
one of which has been turned into a troop, ono into 3
store ship, two into convict hulks, ono into a laciirette,
one into a coal depot, one burnt, ono broken up, ono
disappeared in Canada—leaving 40; 73 frigates, from 30
to 50 guns; 39 frigates, uadcr 30 guns; 161 vessels of
sill descriptions, under 20 guns, not including small craft
and steamers.

In addition to the expense attending breaking up
ships and building new ones, thousands of pounds have
Leen spent in :leering ships' sterns and magazines. No
less than 28 ships had their sterns altered on Sir Robert
Seppinga' plan, by a return of the 24th of April, 1846;
but the expense was not stated. I suppose they were
ashamed of it. Twenty-six ships of different sizes by
the same return, had their sterns altered on another
plan; some,of them twice, and the Boscawen three times;
some also that had been altered by Sir Robert Seppings
before were again altered on the second plan.
No less than 6S ships, by the same return, hail their
magazines altered—one of them three times, and eight
of them twice. The expense, 1 suppose for the same
reason is, not returned ; but the reason given in the re-
turn was, " that there was no means of aseertaieing it."
The same return gives all the ships cut down, as 8 three-
deckers, 14 two-chckers, 10 frigates, 1 corvette. How
many more have been cut down since I have no Parlia-
mentary return to guide me ; but your Lordship may
form :an opinion of the total expense when it cost
52,839/. to repair and cut down the Dublin.
From 1815 to 1820 the navy cost the country
26.262,783/.; in this are not included the wages and
victualling, which do not appear in the estimates.
From 1821 to 1849 the estimates amount to
156,975 8581.; of that the dockyards have absorbed
44,396,0501., and the half-pay and pensions 47,422,3781.
The navy estimates last year amounted to 7,068,730/.,
of which only 2,079,0631. went for wages and victuals,
while the dockyards and materials cost no less than
2,565,977/. It is ;n this branch that we ought to economise,
not in the effective of the navy. Let us employ fewer
men and expend fewer materials.
I have shown what we have been building and pulling
to pieces since the peace. Our ships could not have
worn out so fast. We built bad classes of ships, and
have been getting rid of them as fast as possible. W e
built bad steamers, and have been obliged to build
others, and we are still in a wrong direction. We built
83 iron steamers that are useless. We built four or
five pair of engines that the steamers could not carry,
and no have been obliged to build small,r ones that
they can carry: there is where the waste is. The Ad-
miralty costs 136,303/.-4,500/. of which goes to the
First Lord, who knows nothing.
I shall say nothing about what is expended in the
improvement of yards, because that was necessary ;
but we went too fast, particularly at Plymouth.

The hAlf pay and promotions amount to 1 395,072./.—
about two-thirds of the effective force. That would
diminish if they would let it tibiae. Her Alajesty has
only the power of granting pensions of 1,2001. a year.
The First Lord of the Admiralty ca❑ grant mere than
that in a day in the way of promotion. Ido not want
to stop promotion; but I would limit promotion to one
for every two removals—this to include everything. At
present it nominally One in three ; but there are all
sorts of ways of evading that, and it is evaded. The
Government must look things in the face—begin in time
to economise, and show that they are serious. There
must be no more taxation—then) must be reduction, or
there will be no more income-tax.

Naval officers, who are in the habit on beard a ship
of watchieg the working of the artificer, and who are
obliged to be economical in the expense of stores, as
few are supplied, know full well that we do not get the
work that we ought to do, and till naval officers know
the destruction attending the paying off ships. A ship
when first cominissioued requires many arrange na.nts
that it is irapossFule for the dockyard to dos 'During
the commission her captain puts her in order, and there
is a pride amongst officers to excel each other in the
order and beauty of their ships; there siorerooma are
magnificently fitted, the stoma of every description are
stowed away pith the greatest care. After -a
service
nahoofbeetawnd is paid,
een three
ofrandwitfh the buryeuatrms
0, 04.1 di
o ship comes
rigging, that would have lasted a year "o-
two goes to the lot-) ard, sails are condemned and longer,
up, the storercoms are denuded, and the small
stores bundled on shore and no more heard of. What
an enormous expense would be saved if ships were
kept longer in commission; and, if they required great
repairs, another ship was brought fur ward, and all her
stores turned over to her to be worn out without going
into that fiery furnace, the dockyard. I have commis-
sioned ships and paid them off, and speak from expe-
rience, when the system of paying by meseurement was
in force; everything that paid well was sure to be de-
stroyed in an incredibly short time. When I commis•
sioned the Galatea, which had been in commission three
years, and was well fitted, it was all to begin again.
A Portuguese frigate that brought me home from
Lisbon was ordered to be repaired to a certain extent by
our Government. The destruction that took place was
nearly as much as the Government allowed, and the
Portuguese paid the rest of the bills. Bad as their own
system was, ours was worse. Our dockyard peopo have
no idea that there is either waste of time or materials
in their work; all naval officers are quite aware of it, but
e are told we are no judges. Alterations cost an enor-
mous sum of money, and so do the whims of captains
oho have interest to get alterations made. The
dockyards are paid by the day, and more than that
alterations cost money, and if those alterations were
fewer and more work done, fewer men would be re-
quired and fewer materials nccessery. When a man
builds a house he weighs well his plan beforehand, be-
cause he knows full well what alterations will cost him.
The superintendents have too much to do; they ought
to have under them, for dockyard duty only, an active
captain, who should be constantly in the yard, with no
office work. The superintendent ought to have the en-
tire power of entering end discharging mon when ha
thought proper. If he jobbed the Admiralty could
punish him ; but if the Admiralty job, and they are the
greatest jobbers, there is no one to punish them. The
" leading men" have not authority sufficient over the
men under them; they are only paid a trifle more; they
move in the same condition, live, perhaps, next door to
each other; their wives and famili:s meet constantly,
and zealously enter into the feelings of their husbands
and parents. How then can it be expected that
a leading man sill choose to find much fault and
injure his neighbour? Instead of leading men there
ought to be well paid officers at the head of each gaag,
so that ho would silver come into contact with his men
except on duty. Some sort of comparison might be
made of the work done by different gangs, and these
who work the most and destroy the least should be re-
warded. There are tco many heads of departments;
they interfere with each other, and the responsibility is
not well defined; and there is too much office work for
the heads of departments: and they have not time suffi-
ciently to superintend the various gangs employed is
different parts of the yard. When a ship is under repair.
the carpenter of the ship, or some one interested in her,
ought to have more power and some check over the
expense. And if a ship is preparing for commissioning,
the captain ought at once to be appointed to her to
superintend her fitting. If she is an, advanced ship,
he ought to go on board immediately, and so ought
the officers and men. No hulks should be allowed,
and not a single man from the dockyard employed
upon her, except to wedge her masts. But 1 vary
meet doubt whether we have a ship at any port so
completely ready as to be able to receive men. Wo
are now very propsrly taking the masts out of the ad-
vanced ships teceuse they decay. But I may ask how
they came in? The fact ed. decay was ascartemed 10 or
15 years ago, the r
ests were removed, and it was found
we had hardly a sound mast in the yard. A eiew,Admi-
ralty colece into office, and they try the same experi-
ment that was found defective by their predecessors. 1
have sail that I would very much reduce the dockyards,
but that should be done gradually by suspending entries,
and I very much doubt the propriety of bringing up
epprentices., '.They learn to be mete/is early in life, and
never get tee better of it. It would be much wiser,
when men are enteeed, that they should be chosen !rein
merchants' yards, where they are batter looked after and
obliged to work more, and waste less than in her
Majesty's establishments. There are many other
ways of reducing our overgrown establishments if
we were inclined, but wo seem to be going the other
way and are establishing steam factories, and if we make
engines there will be a great addition to the expense and
an end to hail rovement. We have a factory estabkshed
at Portsmouth, with a staff that no private yard could
support. The factory and machinery cost about
100,0001., and I hope Parliament will move for a return
f the work they do, and compare it with what is done
in private yards. I believe in that factory we employ
ISO boilermakers alone. We had much better limit
ourselves to repeiiing engines and boilers, and let new
engines and new boilers be made by private engineers.
If a strict hand is not kept on our engineers in the fac-
tories they will gradually go on entering men for repairs,
and when they have nothing to do will begin to make
engines, and if they aro prevented from that they will
manage to take every steam-engine to pieces that comes
under their hands. To prevent that as much as possible,
and to employ our sea going engineers, when's). steamer
is disarmed I should retain all the engineers and
the stykeie, nn let the engines be repaired by them