The Sun.
London, England, 1849-12-06 00:00:00

THE EXXING STAKE'S Ut ACED DDGS

Mr. Rand,..ll's Rocket beat Mr. Fyaon's Fanny.
Mr. flolmet's Moral beat Mr. Dobede's Diamond.
Mr. Inskip's Pilot beat Mr. Buckworth's Metier.
Mr. Eichardson's \Tin ity beat Lord Stradbroke's Mary

INDUSTRIAL HOME FOR GEN-

TLEWOMEN.

The first public meeting in connexion with this
deserving institution was held yesterday at the Home,
5, llarpur-street, Red Lion-square. The meeting
was numerously attended by ladies of high station in
life, clergymen, and gentlemen.
The Honourable AI Tuca KINNAIRD, who oc-
cupied the chair, said, they could not exaggerate
the necessity and importance of such a society
in a commercial community like that of London. As
one well acquainted with business men, and himself
connected with businesi,, as a banker who knew the
affairs of many, he assured them it was not unusual for
the diluent, acting in the spirit of enterprise and
competition which entered into commerce, to be very
rapidly brought to the utmost want, perhaps from their
own imprudence; but on the other hand also from
circumstances over which they could not possibly
have exercised any con!rol. Probably there was no
one in that room but knew some such case, and felt
perplexed how best to assist the individual without
wounding a sensitive mind, and augmenting in-
stead of relieving its pain. But many of the most
distrosing cases were, he feared, never heard
of, and many of those were known
were accidental dit,c.Jveries. individua'.% born and
reared in hater circumstances were more I;euly
alive to the ills of poverty, and sensitively shrank
ffoin giving•lJublicity to distress which yet they were
often u..able by their own exertions to ameliorate.
But this institution he hop: d would do something for
tha al!eviation of such distress. He cL;uld not help
adverting to the opportune moment which they had
chosen to begin their benevolent work—when the
death of a distinguished personage, the Queen Dow-
ager, distinguished for her rank and more dis-
. . _

br her benevolence, deprived many de-
serving cases of the assistance which she was in the
habit of giving out of her ample means.
The SECRETAILY read the report, which stated that
the friends of' the institution contemplated the relief
of gentlewomen reduced to poverty, and that their
object was to secure to such inmates, irrespective of
employment, a comforLble home for 7s. 6d. a week,
and to provide suitable employment for those whose
resources were inade.qu Ice to meet the weekly
charge. The committee appointed in April last to
carry this object ;into effect, continued to exert
them=e Ives on its behalf ; and when in the month of
A uguq, the houle in 11,irpur street was offered them
at a rent of 85/., and the furniture in it for 212/,
although they had then g .t no more than about 2001.,
they deemed it advisable to accept the off.r. There
were now thirty inmates in the Home, one half of
whom paid half their exp;:nses. By dint of great
economy they had hitherto been able to proceed, but
they hoped the liberality of the public would enaMe
them to progress more efficiently in future.
The accounts presented to the meeting stated that
the revenue from subscriptions and donations, up to
the 4th of December had amoute d to 855/. 165.; that
th cap i.diture NWS 3201. 19i. 7d., including 2121. for
the furniture, and 33/. for repairs in the house, leaving
a balance in hand of 31/ 163. 51, against which the
Secretary stated there were still several outstanding
debts.

The meeting wss then addressed by the Rev. W.
Lesslgnan, M.A ; Rev. James Hamilton, D.D ;
Joseph Williams, NI D. ; 11.2 r. Mr. Belau, Mr. S. C.
Hall, Mr. Futvoye, Dr. Adis, and the Rev. Mr.
Short.

The report was adopted, and resolutions were car-
ried, recognizing the progress the society had already
made, and according thanks to the committee of ladies
in %%hose hands the whole had been lilt.
The Rev. Mr. Short, the•clergvman of the parish

consented to visit the Home as often as his other
duties would allow hint.
A vote of thanks to the Cluirznan concluded the
b sines of the meeting•.

DANIEL, WEBSTER on lIUNGAILV.
The f illowing is an extract flout a speech dh
by Al.r. Daniel Webster at the New Hampshire FLs-
tival :
" Then, gentlemen, there is another aspect. We
have all had our sympathies much enlisted by the
Hungarian effort for liberty. We thought we saw a
more f%vourable chance for esteblishieg independence
. llungt!ry then in any other part of Eurooe where
toe question has bet n in agitation within the Inst 12
months. But despotic power front abroad intervened
to suppress it. And, gentlemen, what will come of
it Ide not know. For my part, at this moment, I feel
more indignant at recent events connected with Hun-
gary than at all those which passed in her struggle
for liberty.—(Tremendous cheering ) I see that the
Emperor of Russia demands of Turkey that the noble
Kossuth and his companions should be given up.—
(Shatee, shame.) And I see that this demand is
in derision of the established law of nations. Gen-
tlemen, there is something on earth greater than
arbitrary or despotic power. The lightning Las
its power, and the whirlwind has its power,
and the earthquake has its power. But there is
something among men more capable of shaking
despotic power than lightning, whirlwind, or earth-
quake—(Overpowering outbursts of applause)—
that is the threatened indignation of the whole civi-
lized world.—(Renwed cheers.) Gentlemen, ttie
Emperor of Russia holds himself to be bound by
the law of nations, from the fact that he treats with
nations—that he forms alliances; he professes, in
fact, to live in a civilized .age, and to govern an en-
lightened nation. I say that if under these circum-
stances he shall perpetrate co gross a violation) of
natural law as to seize these Hungarians and to exe•
cute them, he will stand as a criminal and m.defactor
in the view of the law.—(Laud huzz is continued for •
some minutes.) The whole world will be the tribu-
nal to try him, and he must appear before it, and hold
up his hand and plead and abide its judgment.—
The Emperor of Russia is the supreme lawgiver
in his own country, and for aught I know, the exe-
cutor of it also. But, thanks to God, he is not the
supreme lawgiver or executor of the national law,
and every offence against this is an offence against
the rights of the civilized world—(Hear, bear)—and
if he breaks that law in the case of Turkey, or in
any other case, the whole world has a right to call
him out and to demand punishment.—(Right.) Our
rights as a nation are held under the sanction of
national law—a law which hscumes more impor-
tant from day to day—a law which none who
profess to agree with it, are at liberty to violate.
Nor let him imagine, nor let any one imagine, that
mere force can subdue the general sentiment of men-
kind. It is much more likely to extend that senti-
ment, and to destroy that power which he most de-
sires to establish and secure. Gentlemen, the bones
of poor John Wickliffa were dug out of his grave
seventy years after his death, and burnt for his heresy,
and his ashes were thrown upon a river in War-
wickshire. Some prophet of that day said—
" The Avon to tho Severn runs
The Severn to the S7s,
And Wickliffe's dust shell spread abroad,
Wide es the waters be."
Gentlemen, if the blood of Kossuth is taken by an
absolute, urqualified, unjustifiable violation of
national law, what will it appease—what will it
pacify? It will mingle with the earth—it will mix
with the waters of the ocean—the whole civilized
world will snuff it in the air, and it w ill return with
awful retribution on the heads of those violators of
national law and justice.—(Great en'.husiasm ) I
cannot say when, or in what form, but depend upon
it that if such an act take place. thrones and princi-
palities and powers must look cut for the conse-
quences.—(Overpowering apdlause.)

INSTITUTION OF CLVIL ENGINEERS.
JosituA FIELD Etq. President, in the ehilir.

discussion was continuo I on Mr.
Paten's description of the Southend Pier, and the
ravages of the " Teredo Navali," and other marine
worms, and was extended to such a length as to
preclude the reading of any original communication.
Numerous specimens were exhibited, and com-
mented cn, of timber thoroughly perforated by
worms; Nyhilst beside them, under the same circum-
stances, the " Jarrow wood," from Aus!mlis, was
shown to have remained completely free from injury.
The reference to the ego of Homer, as an instance
of the ancient ravaging habits of the " Teredo," in-
duced a return to geological questions ; and it was
shown, that in the Louden clay, remains had
repeatedly been found, of timber perforated by sea
• worms. The °elite and greeniand formations also
exhibited petrified wood, filled with boring moitnett...
This led to the consideratien of the formation most
likely to withstand the attack of the "Pholas ;" and
it was shown, that the Portland stone was, from the
quantity of silica it contained, least liable to be
attacked.

The "Pholas" was shown to have been in active
operation ucon certain rocks from the earliest periods,
but never upon Portland stone. Hence it was
argued tbak kind of stone should be used' for break-
waters and other works exposed to the action of the
sea.

The early state of the " Teredo" was noticed ;
when escaping from the egg, in the shape of a free
swimmer, it was drifted about with the tide until it
met with a leg, a pile, or the side of a ship, to which
it attached itself, and making an inroad into it, be-
came a non•locomotive animal of different form and
habits, never again to leave the habitation it had
burrowed for itself in the body of the timber. The
question of whether the boring operation of the
marine worms was carried on by chemical or
by mechanical means, was lengthily diEcussed. The
thin shell, covered by its delicate membrane, was in-
stanced as not possessing strength enough to cut away
timber ; but it s,. as on the other hand shown that the
shape of the two shells, forming the extremity of the
animal, admirably adapted them for powerful cutting,
or rasping tools, when moved rapidly in a circular
direction, es was evidently the case, from the uni-
formly cylindrical character of the holes.
The shells of the " Pholas" were also shown•; o be
used in that manner, and the opinion ap[eared gene-
rally to lean to a mechanical cause, for the effects
observ(d.

Thii bearing of the discwsion naturally induced
remarks upon the ravages of the white ant of India,
which, however, appeared to have been little studied,
and less understood, as far as attempting to arrest or
to prevent its inroads.

The various materials, such as Ryan's corrcsive
sublimate of mercury, Sir W. 13arnett's chloride of
zinc, Margary's salts of metals, Payne's combination
of tnutiate of lime and sulphate of iron, forming in
the timber an insoluble compound, and Bethell's
creosote, or cil of coal tar, were discussed. All
had their partisans, and were stated to have suc-
ceeded and failed under certain circumstances. Spe•
cimens of piles from Lowestoft harbour, w hose waters
were notoriously full of worm, showed that timber
in a natural state was in a few months thoroughly
perforated by " Teredetin the centre, find " Limn°.
ria" on the surface ; but that piles, which had been
properly saturated according. to .13:.thelfs system, in
exhausted receivers, and .Tubjected.to such pressure as
insured the absorption of about ten pounds' weight of
the creosote, or oil of coal:tar, by each cubic foot of
the time., were perfectly preset ved ficni atta,lis of
marine animals of any kiLd.
In one instance a partially " creosoted" pile had a
net: h cut into it, dt eper than tile impregnation k.d
extended ; a " Terede made its entry, and was fund
to have worked in every direction, until it arrived
within the reach of the creosote, 'hen the animal
turned away and eventually left the pile.
Bethell's system was admitted, by all the speakers,
to be that which hitherto, after many years' experience,
had afforded the most satisfactory results.
Some most conclusive experiments, institute d by
Mr.-Rendel at Southanipm, were stattcl to have pro.
duced the same results ; and at Leith ail the piles were
weighed before and after their saturation, to insure
their absorbing the full allowance of at !cast ten pounds
per cubic foot.

The discussion was interrupted by the monthly bal-
lot, when the following candidates were elected :—M.
Jones and T. C. Gunn, as members ; T. A. Heelev,
J. Allan, H. 0. BridgemAn, and Captain J. Estridge,
.13. E., as associates. _

The paper anncuoced to be r( ail at the meeting f
Tuesday, Deconber the 111 h, was No. 818, " Oil the
facilities for Ship or Can;►l communication, lwtivaen
the Atlantic and P,lcific ()Jeans through the Isthmus
of Panama." By Lieutenant. Colonel Lloy ct, Assoc.
Inst. C.E.

LOSS OF TWENTY LivEs.—A melancholy accident,
which resulted in the sudden th.etructioa of twenty lives,
occurred at the entrance of the Tyne on Tu7sday morn-
ing last. It appears that the Battey, of Little liampten,
timber laden, from the adtie, %as proetediee, ncrth ward,
when Ave was ccmi.ell‘d by stress of weather to make
for Tynemouth lIaI b ur. On entci leg the harhour she
struck upon the Herd scud, which iretAes a consider-
able dishnce aloog the south side of the river. A life-
boat, with a crew of tvventy-four re-rsons, proceeded to
the stranded ship for the rurposeut saving h. r crew. On
reaching the ship it is the pt.:settee to lath the life-boat
alongside the dittressed vessel by wet as of a rope, both
from the stem and stern. In this it:stance, ly,
only one end the life boat had been so secured, when
she t•wung roued vith th.a Cale, and u heavy sea taking
her iu midship 3 she was in:ate:lily upset, and the VI hole of
her crew, with the exception of tour iersa:tis, met with a
watery grave. o.ily toe of the bodies, that'uf a person
named Lancelot It has as yet been discovered.
The disaster IVZS observed from the shore, end two boats
put off to render assi.tance. They arrived in time to
save the four survivors, three of whom were pit letd off
the life-boat, and they also succeeded in saving the crew
of the Betsey. Tha vessA is enectod to be got off
without serious (Lmae.