The Sun.
London, England, 1822-06-28 00:00:00

country, must be incapableof any generous senti-
ment. He stated the appalling fact, that in one
parish in Ireland fifteen persons had actually
perished from want of food !!! Eight individuals in
the same parish had been declared past recovery !!!
and 130 persons are at this moment lying in a malig-
nant fever,generated from the same baneful cause !!!
Can language express more powerfully than the
simple narration of these facts, the imperious
demand which is made upon the Government
i:of the country ? Be the expence what it may,
the,object should be accomplished. It is not a
subject for a cold calculation—it is not an act of
benevolence, it is an act of common and obvious
justice, mercy, and necessity. It surely must be
the first and, highest duty of any government to
preserve those whom they govern from the hor-
rors of starvation. The Irish Secretary stated
that every exertion was making by Government to
arrest the progress of desolation ; but from the
want of roads, and the difficulty of communication
in those dislricts which are most distressed, great
impediments were thrown in the way of affording
relief ; however, there was at present an engineer
o❑ the spot, invested with full powers, not only
to give 'employment, but to supply food where-
ever it was wanted, without the delay of sending
for instructions to the Government, and through
his exertions the Government entertained the
hope that the dreadful calamities so anxiously
anticipated would be averted.

. [MORNING HERALD.]
Extract of a letter from a Gentleman con-
nected with the English Factory, dated Canton,
February 26.—" Our flag is once more flying
here, and our trade has resumed its former state,

the edict of the Emperor having been received,
by which permission was given for the Fac-
tory to resume its former occupations.. The
report of the Mandarin who visited the Topaze
was much in our favour, and the termina-
tion of this unfortunate dispute much earlier
than could have been expected. In fact, at one
time our hopes of adjustment were very small, as
the Chinese Government appeared proudly inve-
terate, and their edicts couched in the most of-
fensive terms. One of them styled us " gain-
scheming Europeans," and all of them more or
less pointed out our vast inferiority to the natives
of the Celestial Empire. This happy result is
only to be attributed to the peculiar and charac-
teristic firmness of the British Factory, which has
occasioned no little surprise among the European
traders here, particularly the Americans, to whose
late behaviour it forms a perfect contrast. This
settlement, of course, is to be followed by certain
presents to the men in office, of which the real suf-
ferers will get but little. The actual sum to be
given I am not aware of, but the Viceroy looks
for a remuneration for his exertions : the Em-
peror's edict is by no means intended to he
gratis the wounded, of course,' must be on the
pension list. The' Hong merchants have not me-
morialised for nothing ; and there are a few
et ceteras, which, altogether, will make this not
the most profitable speculation of the Company.
However, we are all glad it is so settled, and
feel as if we were, inspired with new life. The
Americans, I fancy, are not a little disappointed
at this ending of the' affair, as they had calcu-
lated on reaping'no little benefit from our dif-
ferences."

[MORNING CHRONICLE.]
Through the polite attentions of a coirespon-
dent, we have been enabled to peruse a file of
the. Noticioso, Havannah Paper, up to the 10th
ult., as well as several letters relating to the
affairs of New Spain. From them we have been
able to collect, -that the General Congress met
in the Mexican capital on the 24th February,
when the Deputies took an oath " to preserve
the Catholic Religion, and admit of no other—to
watch over.the independence of their country—
to form a Constitution on the plan submitted by
Iguala,and in conformity to the treaties made with
Viceroy O'Donoju in Cordova—to adopt a Monar-
chical form of Government, &c." Committees were
afterwards appointed under the following heads,
viz. External Affairs, Internal ditto, Revenue,
War, Justiciary, Ecclesiastical Affairs, Ptiblic
Instruction, Commerce, Mines, Agriculture, Colo-
nization, and Police. The Congress subsequently
determined to elect Iturbide Regent, for the
present, thui placing him at the head of the
Executive.—When the last accounts left the
capital, no positive opinion could be formed of
the determinations of the Congress respecting
the disavowal, on the part of the Spanish Go-
vernment, of all that O'Donoju had done, and
on which the Mexicans have hitherto acted with
gieat scrupulosity ; but it was thought it would
produce considerable changes in the ulterior ar-
rangementi for the adoption of a permanent form
of Government best suited to the country. Evi-
dently there are three parties in New Spain. One
clings to an European connection, and consists
chiefly of the chapetanes, or those born in Spain, or
connected with her in commerce. This party is not
numerous; but it is powerful, in consequence of the
wealth and moral influence it possesses, and those
who cling to it apprehend as well the ambition
of individual leaders, as the consequences of
anarchy and civil war. This party would be greatly
diminished if the affairs of the country assumed a
stable form, as it cannot be a pointof grefit 'conse-
quence to Spaniards, married and established in the
country, what name is given to the Government
under which they live, as long as it answers the ends

for which it is instituted. The second party is
in favour of a monarchy, as best suited to the
state of the country, and are of opinion,
that if a Sovereign cannot be obtained by
negociation from Europe, they had better elect
one among themselves. This party chiefly em-
braces the soldiery, titled characters, &c. They
,have. their eye on one Mexican Nobleman, in
case they cannot be suited from Europe ; but this
individual, although possessing great merits and
'many fri-ends, has not ambition enough to accept
the perilous station. Iturbide, it is thought,
'would also be a powerful candidate, resting his
.claim chiefly on what he has done in behalf of
the country. The third party is in favour of
• republican principles, and is the most numerous,
although not- well connected. It is thought that
the United States will encourage-6nd uphold
dthis party.