The Sun.
London, England, 1836-11-21 00:00:00

THE MARKETS-(THIS DAY).

CORN EXCHANGE. Wheat,
There was last week a considerable arrival oats. The
f
Barley, and Flour, but a moderate quantity of
Oa
trade, for all articles, was inamate during the Week, and
&.
cheaper for Whey.t, Barley, and Beans. This morning the
supply, fresh up, of every description of Corn, is not so good
as last Monday. The millers being in want of fine dry Wheat,
purchased such at Friday's price, which are 2s. per quarter
below last Monday's terms-all other sorts have been very dull,
at a decline of 4s. per quarter. Barley has met a boo)"
trade, and is 2s. per quarter cheaper than this day
per
Old Beans being more plentiful, have declined ls. to 2s.
quarter. New Beans do not come freely, but being tender
they sell heavily. Boiling Pease are dull, and rather lower;
Grey have fallen Is. to 2s. per quarter. The quantity of Oats,
that arrives being scarcely equal to the consumption, this article
maintains last week's terms, but the buyers reluctantly comPIY
se'nnight.
with din prices. The sale of Flour is heavy, and the WI)
price has been reduced during the week ss. per sack. The
weather is cold and foggy to-day.
PRICES ON BOARD OF smut'.
Wheat, fled (old) qis. 630 ' Beans, Small (neve ............ 58s.V•
.-- White (old) 60s. iris.
--Wh to (1836)
--- Bed ;1836) 46s. 520. - Tick (new) ..... •••'' '
-- Fine
(old)' ....... .-...4.4,:36::
(old) ............. , ~ow,
-- Superti,,e 545.8815.:.. '5:i624:5... - Harrow (new) ......... :365.%,
(01d)........ ...49,_
---- Fine s6s. COs. Brank ....................... .. ..... 340.z.'-
--- Superfine 624 655. Oats, Feed ........................ 274.325.
Foreign free ...... r.
Rye 945• 3's. ---- Poland ..................... 264 33'
Barley .3os. ?U. New ............. 265. V:
-- Grinding .5-. 265. - Potatoe . .................. .30s- 32'•
- Malting 3os. 425. --.----- New ... ....... 04.93.
Malt 46s 555, - Sootch ..................... 32s 354.
- Fine New 665. 665. Irish 245. ...... 275.:3Z
Pease, Grey, New 40s. 425. Flour Town (per sack) ....... 23.5„,',
-- Maple New . 40s. 445. -- •econds .................. 46, a'r•
- White 40s. 455. - North Country. .„..424 40!'
- Boilers••
_... 8. 10.
435. 48: Bran

v
K'
GRAIN IN LONDON DURING LAST Wk-'''
Wheat. Barley. Oats. I Flatsr,.oo
English
Irish - i 25 4,765 ......,
Foreign 360 440 , 4,o7_6____

MARK ET
This day's supply was moderate,SMITHFIELD and the sale was dull at little
alteration from the prices last quoted :
PRICES PER STONE OF BLs. TO SINK THE OFFALS. too ,d,
s. d. to s. d. 6
Inferior Beasts 2 2 2 4 Inferior 5heep............ $ 'I 3 0
Second quality ditto 2lO 3li Second quality ditt0...... $ $ 4 0
Prime large Oxen 3II 4 2 Coarse-woollesl ditto..... 3 o° 4 6
Prime Scots, Szc. ......
Large coarse Calves 4 0 4 6 Large Hogs.... ............ 3 '`' 4 0
Prime small ditto 4 8 5 2 , Small Porkers ............. 4 i 0 0
Sqckling Calves each' 15 u 32 0 1 Quarter old Pig (each) 12 U
SUPPLY, AS PER. CLERK'S STATEMENT.
Beasts. 1 Sheep. I Calves. Pie'•
2,810 200 4ton up
About 141,0 of the Beasts came up the St. Alban's road ; about c_r_:;ei.a
1 20,100
the other northern roads; about 350 (including Irish) from the IM'in•
and midland districts : about 230 from Norfolk, Suffolk, Essex. 11"..:nder
bridgeshire ; about 60 from Kent and Sussex ; and most of the rein.
from the marshes, &c. in the neighbourhood of I..olH__ln:_._

DENHALL MARKETS.
by the Carcasl.

NEWOATE AND LEA
At per stone, I 11.
s. d. to s d. i J. te , 4
2
Beef, inferior 2 2 2 4 Mutton, inferior ......... 9 . $ 0
--middling ......
prime large . 3O S 2 --- prime ............ 31 4 0
prime small "I 43 I Perk, large .......... 3 * 411
--
Veal -sri...:===.l.-1—•--

ISLINGTON CATTLE MARKET. , .0310,
This day's supply consisted of 89 Beasts, 850 Sheep end jot
and 2 Calves. 'rho trade was dull throughout at the follovr
prices per stone of slb. sinking the offals :
Beef Ms. :).d. to as. M. Veal
Mutton 364 6 I Pork ood. to tr.

LITERATURE.

TRAITS AND TRIALS OF EARLY LIFE.

Colburn, London, 1836.
The author of this little volume—Miss Landon—
states that her object in writing it, has been rather to in-
terest than to amuse; to excite the imagination through
the softening medium of the feelings. " Sympathy,"
she adds, and with truth, " is the surest destruction of
selfishness. Children, Ike the grown person, grow the
better for participation in the sufferings, where their
own only share is pity. They are also the better for
the generous impulse which leads them to rejoice in the
'hope and happiness of others, though themselves have
nothing in common with the objects of their emotion.
Such is the aim of my principal narratives." And
this aim Miss Landon has fully accomplished. She
has written a collection of tales every way calculated
to quicken the " generous impulses " of youth, and to
excite the imagination through " the softening medium
of the feelings." The best tale in the volume is that
entitled " The History of a Child," which has appa-
rently been prompted by recollections of the author's
own childhood.

COLONEL NAPIER'S HISTORY OF THE
PENINSULAR WAR. VOL. V.
(SECOND NOTICE.)
This volume, interesting as it is for details of battles
and sieges, and two great victories, which brought the
tritish army to the foot of the Pyrenees, possesses a
still more powerful interest for the light which it throws
on the critical position of Wellington, up almost to
the eve of the battle of Vittoria. Independently of
the vast armies of veteran troops arrayed against
the British, there were other causes which com-
bined to render his situation in the highest degree
dangerous, and which had all but brought the war to
an inglorious conclusion. These two causes were—
the apathy of the Government at home, and the
treachery of the Spanish generals and patriots. The
following extract will show that, but for the folly of
Marmont, Wellington must have been reduced to the
last extremities. In the month of July, 1812, he
thus describes the melancholy condition of the army :
" I have never,' said he, been in such distress as at
Present, and some serious misfortune must happen, if the
Government do not attend seriously to the subject, and
Supply us regularly with money. The arrears and distresses
of the Portuguese Government, are a joke to ours ; and if
our credit was not better than theirs, we should certainly
naive. As it is, if we don't find means to pay our bills
for butcher's meat, there will be an end to the war at once.
" Thus," says Colonel Napier, " stript as it were to the
skin, the English General thought once more to hide his
nakedness in the mountains of Portugal, when Marmont,
proud of his own unripened skill, and perhaps, from the
experience of San Cristoval, undervaluing his adversary's
tactics, desirous also, it was said, to gain a victory without
the presence of a king, Marmont, pushed on by fate, madly
broke the chain which restrained his enemy's strength."
To the other cause, though not so well authenti-
cated, Colonel Napier gives almost implicit credit.
Of the first part of the extract there can be no doubt ;
and we more particularly call attention to it at the
present moment, when those men, falsely calling them-
selves Conservatives, are leaving no means untried to
alienate the affections of a people so excitable and so
brave as the Irish. After describing the intrigues car-
ried on at Cadiz in 1813, Colonel Napier thus pro-
ceeds :
" When the bishops fled from Spain, Gravina, the Pope's
Nuncio, assumed such a tone of hostility, that notwith-
standing the good offices of Sir Henry Wellesley, which
were for some time successful in screening him from the
vengeance of the Cortez, the latter, encouraged by the
English newspapers, finally dismissed him and sequestered
his benefices. He also took refuge in Portugal, and like
the rest of the expelled clergy, sought by all means to ren-
der the proceedings of the Cortez odious in Spain. He
formed a strict alliance with the Portuguese Nuncio, Vi-
cente Machiechi, and working together with great activity,
they interfered, not with the concerns of Spain only, but
with the Catholics in the British army, and even extended
their intrigues to Ireland. Hence, as just and honest go-
vernment had never formed any part of the English policy
towards that country, alarm pervaded the Cabinet, and the
Nuncio, protected when opposed to the Cortez, was now
considered a very troublesome and indiscreet person.
" Such a state of feud could not last long without pro-
ducing a crisis, and one of a most formidable and decisive
nature was really at hand. Already many persons in the
Cortez held secret intercourse with Joseph, in the view of
acknowledging his dynasty, on condition that he would ac-
cede to the general policy of the Cortez in civil Govern-
ment ; that monarch had as we have seen organized a large
native force, and the coasts of Spain and Portugal swarmed
With French privateers, manned with Spanish seamen. The
victory at Salamanca had withered these resources for the
moment, but Wellington's failure at Burgos and retreat into
Portugal again revived them, and at the same time gave a
heavy shock to public confidence in the power of England,
.1 shock which nothing but the misfortunes of Napoleon in
Russia could have been prevented from being fatal.
" The Emperor, indeed, with that wonderful intellectual
activity and energy which made him the foremost man of
the world, had raised a fresh army and prepared once more
to march into the heart of Germany, yet to do this he was
forced to withdraw such numbers of old soldiers from
Spain, that the French army could no longer hope perma-
nently hope to act on the offensive. This stayed the Pe-
ninsula cause upon the very brink of a precipice, for in that
very curious, useful, and authentic work, called Bour-
rienne and his Errors,' it appears that, early in 1813, the
ever factious Conde de Montijo, then a general in Elio's
army, had secretly made proposals to pass over, with the
forces under his command, to the King ; and soon after-
Wards the whole army of Del Parquc, have advanced into
La Mancha., made offers of the same nature.
" They were actually in negotiation with Joseph, when
the Emperor's orders obliged the French army to abandon
Madrid, and take up the line of the Duero. Then the
Spaniards, advertised of the French weakness, feared to
continue their negotiations, Wellington soon afterwards
advanced, and as this feeling in favour of the intrusive
monarch was certainly not general, the resistance to the
invaders revived with the successes of the British general.
But if instead of diminishing his forces, Napoleon, victo-
rious in Russia, had strengthened them, this defection
would certainly have taken place, and would probably have
been followed by others. The King at the head of a
Spanish army would then have re-conquered Andalusia,
Wellington would have been confined to the defence of
Portugal, and it is scarcely to be supposed that England
Would have purchased the independence of that country
with her own permanent ruin.
" This conspiracy is not related by me with entire confi-
dence, because no trace of the transaction into be found in
the correspondence of the King taken at Vittoria. Never-
theless, there are abundant proofs that the work called
Bourrienne and his Errors,' inasmuch as it relates to Jo-
seph's transactions in Spain, is accurately compiled from
that monarch's correspondence. Many of his papers taken
tit Vittoria were lost or abstracted at the time, and as in a
Cage involving so many persons' lives, he would probably
have destroyed the proofs of a conspiracy which had failed,
there seems little reason to doubt that the general fact is
correct. Napoleon also in his memoirs, speaks of secret
Ilegociations with the Cortez about this time, and his testi-
,,,:
°,°Y is corroborated by the correspondence of the British
j"aoassy at Cadiz, and by the continued intrigues against
c British influence. The next chapter will show that the
Policy of Spain was not the only source of uneasiness to
Ord Wellington."
We have space at present only for another extract,
which will be read with interest by all who cherish and
revere the memory of the ill-used, calumniated, and
gallant Moore. Colonel Napier, after marking the
close affinities between Wellington's retreat from Bur
(38, and that of Sir John Moore to Corunna, pays
tlli4l
noble tribute to the military skill of the latter :
hoSuch were the resemblances of these two retreats.
e differences were, that Moore had only twenty-three
tin-usand men in the first part of his retreat, and only
"eteen thousand in the latter part ; whereas Wellington
caxl
,tbirty-three thousand in the first part of his retreat, and
wer37;ght thousand men in the latter part. Moore's army
were'lt" of one nation and young soldiers. Wellington's
4,4! of different nations but they were veterans. The first
h• 'elled through mountains, where the weather was infi-
i
pe Y more inclement than n the plains, over which the
fi:rid moved ; and until he reached the Esla, Moore's
c quite exposed, whereas Wellington's flank was
iioeZe‘dvabsy Hill's army until he gained the Tormes. Wel-
with veteran troops wns opposed to Souham, to
onit, t .
their
.0 the King, and to Jourdan, men not according in
views, and their whole army, when united, did not
exec
ed the allies by more than twenty thousand men.
and irae,ivvith Young soldiers was at first opposed to four. times,
tii~r`l‘,erlY to three times his own numbers ; for it is re-
aliov 1/1., that the French army assembled at Astorga was
e eighty thousand, including ten thousand cavalry,

which is nearly the same as the number assembled against
Wellington on the Tormes ; but Moore had little more
than twenty thousand men to oppose to this overwhelming
mass, and Wellington had nearly seventy: thousand. The
Partidas abounded at the time of Wellington's retreat, they
were unknown at the time of Moore's retreat ; and this
general was confronted by Napoleon, who, despotic in com-
mand, was also unrivalled in skill, in genius, and in vigour.
Wellington's army was not pressed by the enemy, and he
made short marches ; yet he lost more stragglers than
Moore, who was vigorously' pressed, made long marches,
and could only secure an embarkation by delivering a battle,
in which he died most honourably. His character was
immediately vilified. Wellington was relieved from his
pursuers by the operation of famine, and had therefore no
occasion to deliver a battle, but he also was vilified at the
time, with equal injustice ; and if he had then died, it
would have been with equal malice. His subsequent suc-
cesses, his great name and power, have imposed silence
upon his detractors, or converted censure into praise—for
it is the nature of mankind, especially of the ignorant, to
cling to fortune."

The scene of operations where Gomez, Rodil,
Alaix, &c. are at present engaged, is particularly well
described in this volume, which will be found the more
interesting at tho present moment, as illustrating, by
well-defined maps, the relative positions of the belli-
gerents.