The Sun.
London, England, 1825-01-06 00:00:00

BIERCANTILE SHIPPING.

Livritroor., JAN.4,._-_Wind N.N.W.—..The Diamond,
Macey, from New York, sailed the 12th ult., struck on the
east end of the causway in Cardigan Bay, and sunk in seven
fathoms water; one man saved, ten drowned, six were seen it
the rigging; the Preventative boat has gone Out to save the
latter: this vessel no doubt has the President's Speech on board.
---
later accounts report the six men in the rigging
to be saved.
Arrived the Ann M'Kenzie, Gill, from Pernambuco; Perm.
Halsey, from New Orleans; Belvidere, Frazer, from Chart.
stone, sailed the 12th ult. ; the Perfect, for this place, sailed the
same day ; the Westmorland was going in. Off the Port the
Antelope, Sheriff, from Buenos Ayres.
DEAL, JAN. s.—Wind N.—The lion. Company's ship
Windsor, Isabella, Kingston, and Essex, sailed last night.
The Adventure, Adamson, for Pernambuco, passed through.
The Loyalist, Trickey, from St. John's, N.B. and the Lord
Suffield, for Bengal, had been foul of each other last night in
the Downs; the former lost her bowsprit, and has gone to
Dover ; the latter lost her foretop-mast, and re-perted three or
her timbers broken, she has proceeded for Portsmouth. The-
Midas and Argo, homeward bound, remain; all the rest have
sailed, including those from Ramsgate harbour.
PonTssrouTir, JAN. s.—Wind N.E.—The whole of the
outward-bound have sailed, amounting to nearly 70 sail, with
a fine breeze.
COWES, JAN. 5.--Wind N.E.—Sailed his Majesty's ship
Athol and the whole of the outward-bound.. Arrived the Swift.
sure, Telly, and Echo, Dunlop, from the Downs ; the latter to
take on board troops for the Cape of Good Hope.
PLYMOUTH, JAN. 4.—Wind W.—Arrived the Amity,
Johnson, from Prince Edward's Island.
FALatotrn, JAN. 4.—Wind W.—Arrived from an experi-
mental cruise his Majesty's ships Thetis, Orestes, Champion,
Pylades, Pandora, Parthian, and .Jasper. Arrived the Duke
of Marlborough packet, from Lisbon, sailed 213th ult.; Vine,
Edwards, from London for Cadiz. Put hack the Churchill,
Langon.
HoLYitEan, JAM. 4.—The Daphne, Sprague, laden with
wheat, on her return to Liverpool from Lisbon, has come into
this harbour, not being allowed to discharge her cargo there,
the Port being shut.

(Private Letter.]
DOVER, JAN. s.—Arrived this day the ship Loyalist, Capt.
CHICKEN, from St. John, N. 8., laden with timber, having
been run foul of last night, while at anchor in the Downs, by a
ship, and sustained considerable damage, having her bowsprit'
and catheads carried away, and stern broken. The wind having
shifted to the north-east, the numerous vessels, both Foreign
and English, that have taken shelter in this port during the
late tempestuous weather, have this day sailed for their several
destinations to the westward ; amongst the former is the French
ship St. Pierre, with troops, for (ivadaloupe. The French
soldiers during their stay have conducted themselves with great
propriety, and appeared to leave their English brethren in arms
( with whom they have associated) with much rret.—His,
Excellency Prince Po LION AC, the French Ambassador, arrived
this day from Calais in his Majesty's packet Spitfire, and set
off immediately for London : the same vessel brought upwards
of one hundred passengers and four carriages.—The Monarch
steam-vessel arrived from Boulogne, with four carriages and
about forty passengers.—Arrived the Maria Anna, Captain
KAA, from London for Calais, with loss of anchor and cable.

EASINDI SH I PPING.
Arrivals at New South Wales—A The Queen Charlotte, Thomp.
son, from Otaheite, the 13th June ; Nereus, Emmett, from Port
Dalrymple, Bth July ; his Majesty's ship Tamar, Bremner,
from England, on an expedition to the north-west coast of New
Holland, 28th July ; Alfred, Laughton, from London, 15th
July ; Countess of Harcourt, Bunn, from London, 12th July ;
Prince Regent, Wales, from London, 15th July ; Thalia,
Hazard, from the fishery, 4th August ; Aguilar, Watson, from
London and Van Diemen's Land, sth August ; Phoenix,
ti'hite, from the fishery, 6th August; and the Prince Regent,
Lamh, from liobart's Town' 7th August.
Sailings from New South Wales—The Minerva, Forbes for
Van Diemen's Land, July 16; Caroline, Taylor, for ditto,
July 4 • Ann, Grimes, for the Mauritius, July 17; John Bull,
Tompkins, for Port-Dalrymple, July 19 • Adrian, Gordon,
for Madras and Bengal ; and the Hope, 'for the Mauritius,
August 11.
Sydney (New South Wales), August I6.—The ship Phenix,
White, in working up the harbour, and while in charge of the
pilot, grounded on the Pig Rocks, and remained in a perilous
situation 24 hours; she was however, lightened, and at the end
of that period got off. It is not yet ascertained what is the extent
of the damage she has received, but it is intended she shall be
hove down and examined in a few days. Many thanks are due
to Captain Bremner, of his Majesty's ship Tamar, who on that
occasion personally assisted Mr. White with his beneficial ex-
perience, as well as by landing a party of his Majesty's ship's.
crew. The Lang, Lusk, is reported to have arrived at Hobart
Town, from England ; as also the Chapman, ----, from
England ; both which vessels are daily looked for here.

SHlPwatcKs.--On Tuesday se'nnight a Meet.
ing was held in the Trinity House, in Newcastle-upon-Tyne,
WILLIAM CLARK, Esq., of Benton House, in the Cha'r, to
form a Branch Society in connection with the Royal National
Institution, lately formed in London, under the patronage of
the King and the Royal Dukes, and the presidency of the Earl
of Liverpool, " For the Preservation of Life from Shipwreck."
Resolutions were unanimously adopted for this purpose, and a
Committee appointed to form rules, and bring the benevolent
object fully before the public, as soon as the high patronage
(which they have reason to expect will not be withheld on ap-
plication) is formally obtained. A subscription was also begun.
It is the object of the Parent Society (and it is evident that the
completion of their benevolent intentions are worthy of and will
require the aid of the inhabitants of the Maritime districts,) to
establish Life Boats, or other Apparatus, in the most eligible
situations on the Coasts of the British Isles. Such boats, or
other apparatus, to be stationed as conveniently as possible, and
to be placed in the charge of any Local Committee appointed
by the local subscribers to the Institution, with the approbat'oa
of the Central Committee. Rewards to be granted by the In-
stitution in those cases in which persons who may have assisted
in saving lives shall not be enabled to obtain remuneration for
such services, in addition to what they may be entitled to as
the salvors of goods. Mariners or others saved from shipwreck
on the Coasts of the United Kingdom, and being in a state of
destitution, to be furnished with food and lodging, and such
medicines and clothes as their immediate necessities may re-.
quire, and either forwarded to the nearest port at which they
may be likely to obtain employment, or to their homes. Aid to
be afforded to the widows and children of persons who may un-
fortunately perish in their attempts to save the lives of others,
in proportion to the meritorious exertions of the deceased on
the occasion in which his life was sacrificed, and to the loss of
the means of support which his widow or family may have
sustained by his untimely death. Extraordinary cases of en-
teprise and exertion, whether successful or not, as also cases in
which individuals may have more than once succeeded in
saving lives, or may have incurred some bodily hurt, to be-
come the subject of special consideration and reward, upon a
full report of the circumstances, and proof of the meet of the
claimants. It is calculated that the establishment of every
station at the outset will cost froy, 2001. to 2.501. When once
completed they will be kept up at a comparatively small ex_
pence. It is surprising that this most useful of charities has
never before been put in operation.—( IVezecastle Courant.)
COLLIER Doctcs.—On the same day, a meeting
of the Ship Owners of this port was held at the Trinity House,
when it was resolved to resist any attempt of the Docx-Jon-
BERs in the METROPOLIS (and there have been Parliamen.
terry Notices in the Gazette for no fewer than nine of those epe.
culations) to introduce any compulsory clause to make it impe-
rative on the collier vessel& to use their docks, or tax them in
any shape whatever.—(Mid.)

LUNATICS.—Mr. GRUITLIA.USEN of Munich,
who announced some months ago, that the Moon was in-
habited, has more lately, in spite of the incredulity with
which his former communications were received, published
his observations, strengthened by the testimony of M. Sen-
rocker. According to them, there are plainly on the surfac:
of the moon, houses, towns and high roads, establishing the
communication betwixt them. Near the equator of that planet
they have discovered a large mass of buildings, which must
be a large city, and near it is a fortress, constructed with
all the angles of an earthly bastion, and on the principlos
of Coehorn and Vauban. The work of these gentlemen
adorned with engravings to explain what they have seer..._
M. Gruithausen is no more disturbed by the incredulity of hie
cotemporaries, than Columbus was when he announced a new
world, and found nobody to believe him. Mr. Gruithausen,
has made all these discoveries by the aid of extraordinary good
eyes, for his telescope is not of such great magnifying powcr
as the one at the Observatory at Paris, and with which o.ur
astronomers cannot discover any of the sights seen by
the German. According to him the moon has no atmosphere,
and seeing the objection which may on this account be made to
its having inhabitants, he has met thisobjection by proving
that the inhabitants are red, which is, according to him, this
colour animals ought to have which want breath. In confirms_
tion of this hypothesis lie quotes Mrs. Gruithausen, who is
always of a flame colour when she has been waltzin
Paper.) g•—(Freaca

THE LONDON JOURNALS.

DAILY

_Extracts porn the Morning Pupers,Jan. 6, 18_25.

[NEW TIMES]
The Quarter's Accounts of the Revenue
will
not be completely made up tilt to-morrow. n e
are happy, however, to be enabled to state posi-
tively that the produce of the Excise will exhibit
an increase of rather more than 600;0001. on the
Quarter and of nearly a Million on the Year.
The Stamps, after waking due allowance for the
repeal which has taken place in that department,
will be found at least equivalent to the corre-
sponding Quarter, and will exhibit a very con-
siderable increase on the Year. The Post-Office is
nearly 60,0001. better. With respect to the Customs
we must speak less positively, the Accounts of that
branch not being brought so nearly to a close :
it is stated, however, that the Customs, in which
re-payments and repeals of Duties have taken
place to the amount of 1,150,0001. in the year,
give within 168,0001. on the year, and within
20,000/. on the quarter, of their former.produce,
which in fact is an advance of nearly a million
a-year in the articles still subject to taxation.—
Such a view of the growing resources of the
country is most cheering. Nothing can more
conclusively prove the wisdom of that policy
which his Majesty's Government continues to
pursue, promoting the development of the na-
tional industry by all the means in its power, and
availing itself of the accumulations of capital and
the,,progress of science, to encourage new and
more productive undertakings. Hence there is
reason to hope that the anticipations of the Chan-
cellor of the Exchequer will not only be realised
but exceeded, and that the Right Hon. Gentle-
man may, ere long, have the pleasing task of re-
lieving the public still further from its burthen.

[THE TIMES.]
The announcement of the new relations about
to spring up between Great Britain and Spanish
America has been hailed by the manufacturing
and commercial interest of this country with such
a burst of satisfaction, that Mr. Canning will of
course exert himself to follow up a similar na-
tional policy wherever the occasion may offer.
Brazil, now irrevocably separated from Portu-
gal, appears to us to furnish both the induce-
ment and the facility for such a train of mea-
sures on the part of the British Government.
The treaty with Portugal of 1810, under which
goods from England have been hitherto imported
into Brazil, as well as the mother-country, at an
ad valorem duty of 15 per cent., is to expire in
Feb. 1825. We then lose an exclusive privilege,
of which the magnitude may be guessed from this
fact—that when (on the 25th of April, 1818,) a
law was passed by the Brazilian Government
for admitting the merchandise of other foreign
nations the tax on importation was settled at 24
per cent. ad valorem, leaving nine per cent. in
favour of Great Britain. But a further advan-
tage over our commercial rivals has arisen to us
from the practical regulations of Brasil. A
clause was inserted both in the British treaty of
1810, and in the new Brazilian law of April,
1818, affecting other foreigners, that where the
value of a particular article was not fixed by the
tariff existing at the time, it should be so by
the declaration of the importer. Now, with re-
spect to the French merchants, this provision has
not been faithfully observed. In cases not settled
by the tariff, the French importers are not suffered
to fix the value of their own goods, but are forced
to admit the valuation of persons appointed by
the Government, whose ignorance or design has
generally led to a valuation so much above the
truth, as to fall with ruinous weight upon the
French merchant, and to favour the British at his
expence. This spirit proceeds, it is conjectured,
from the enmity of the Court of France to the
new-born independence of South America, and of
Brazil as part of it. The French merchants,
however, have addressed their Sovereign, urging
him to obtain for them the necessary relief,
stating the expiration of the British commercial
treaty—the equal footing on which England
will then stand with other foreigners—the gene-
ral advantages of a commercial intercourse be-
tween France and Brazil—the probability of a
favourable hearing being obtained for any over-
tures from the French Government to the Empe-
ror, and the manifest expediency of a commercial
treaty. The present, then, is the moment for
England to act with decision. The Brazilian
Government cannot be blamed for conceding
most to the highest bidder. A struggle may pro-
bably take place in the French Councils between
interest and prejudice—between legitimacy and
lucre—to delay, though perhaps not long to ob-
struct, its decision. No such grounds of hesi-
tation, however, can be apprehended here. If,
on tile other hand, tenderness towards Portugal
should have influenced his Majesty to pause a
little before he carne forward with a public homage
to the sovereignty which Brazil has beyond all ques-
tion serured to herself,time enough surely has long
since elapsed for England to impress upon the mind
of John VI. the salutary conviction that, as King
of Portugal, he must bid adieu to Brazil for ever.
It is rot, therefore, that the principle is one
which ought, under any circumstances, to decide
the politics of Great Britain ; but that the pre-
sent is the hour at which she has most to dread
from failing to act upon it. She is on the point
of forfeiting a solid superiority, which must ex-
pire with the treaty that produced it ; and the
"commercial question is, will she not pay some-
thing to have it speedily and effectually revived ?

[DIIITISII PRESS.]

The Paris Papers of Sunday and Monday
came to hand yesterday. They have not much
intelligence worth noticing, except the measures
of domestic finance, to which we have elsewhere
adverted. The progress of the Greeks is mani-
festly straitening the Sublime Porte more closely
every day' and it seems highly probable that
the Great Powers will soon deem it their duty
to interferer in order to put an end to the destruc-
tive conflict. The Divan may affect to talk as
loft ily as itt the days of Solyman the Great ;
but swagger as th t 7 may, they must listen to

the united voice of Europe, and follow the
course it prescribes. The Turks are conscious
that they have not degenerated from their an-
cestors in any respect ; and they wonder why
they are sinking into powerlessness and insignifi-
cance. They cannot comprehend how the Greeks,
long their most submissive subjects, have emanci-
pated themselves from a yoke which four years
ago appeared to be fixed on their necks for ages
yet to come. In order to avert the downfall of
his empire, the Sultan in vain orders the religious
austerities of the Prophet to be enforced, and the
scandalous length of the ladies' feredgis to be
curtailed. Neither he nor his councillors seem
to be aware that the very measures they pursue
are those that lead the most rapidly to their over-
throw. The Turkish power is decaying, because it
has been stationary in unmitigated barbarism.—
'File Greeks have partaken of the progress of the
age. The spirit of improvement is at work amongst
them. The system on which they have proceed-
ed has called forth all their energies, and those
energies have been so directed, as to produce the 1
greatest possible effect. The Turks are exactly 1
in the same state in which they were five cen- '
turies ago, while all the other nations of Europe
have made vast advances in wealth and science.
The Turks are not positively less strong than
they were; but they are comparatively less
strong, because all other nations have become
much stronger, and, therefore, in the race
of power, the Turks are left behind. It appears
from Spain that the reported landings of parties
of Constitutionalists are without foundation. In
one instance it was only a handful of smugglers
who wanted water ; at lvica there was a com-
motion to prevent the collection of taxes. What
ought we to think of the state of a Government
which orders a General Officer with five regi-
ments to the coast, because a few smuggling
boats had made their appearance to take in wa-
ter ? Yet this is the Government which refuses
to. recognize the independence of Mexico and
Colombia !—lt is worthy of observation, that
Ballasteros had a private audience of the Dau-
phin on Saturday. Morino, it will be remem-
bered, had a similar honour a few days ago.
What are we to understand from the countenance
thus given to these men ? Is it not a direct re-
proof to Ferdinand for violating the capitulations
concluded with him ?