The Sun.
London, England, 1849-12-22 00:00:00

DECEMBER 22) 1849,
N° 17 861 ]
• , • LONDON, SATURDAY Eir „..!..- - ~.„ ... I
~!.. . ?
~, ~ .„ , ~..,,... •
..._:•,i. ~.f., - 7 -,,,. 7
..._,

MPROVED DWELLINGS for the POOR
At the present moment, when a day of National Thanks-
giving is appointed, it cannot be out of pace to bring before the
minds of the Christian public some of the efforts which have been
made, and are still making, to remedy the deplorable evils which
endanger both the lives and the morals of the poorer classes of
society.
The SOCIETY for the IMPROVEMENT •f the CONDITION
of the LABOURING CLASSES has now been occupied for more
than four years past with these objects :
It has built a r.:nge of Dwellings for the Industrious Classes, on
sanitary principles, at Bagnigge-wells, Gray's lan-lane. Here
twenty-three families and thirty single,women are RCCOMITIO?tited.
It has repaired and r uttered fit far healthy occupation four houses
in King-street and Charles-street, Drury-lane, wherein 108 working
men are accommodated.
It has built, in Gra urge-street, St. Gilea's, a Model Lodging House
for working Men, where 104 persons of this class nod a comfortable
habitation.
It has repaired and fitted ep, at No. Di, Hatton-garden, a house
for the accommodation of fitly eight females of the working-classes.
It is new building. in Streatham-street, Bloomsbury, a range of
dwellings for mechanics and their families, wherein about 48 such
families will find good and healthy habitations.
At Tunbridge Wells it is aiding to raise a series of cottages for
agricaltural labourers, of which six and a lodging-bones for single
men are already completed and occupied.
,Besides these variouswerks, it is in constant correspondence with
a great number of benevolent persona in all parts of the kingdom ;
who apply for its aid in the building or improvement of cottages, or
the settiug-oat sof cottage allotments.
• In these various works it has expended, and is expending, more
than Twenty-three Thousand Pounds. For the works now in heed
a fkirther sum of between Three and Four Thousand Pounds is needed ;
towards R hich the Committee now solicits the contributions of the
benevolent.
The following are the sums already subscribed towards the /tout
now erecting in Streatham-street :
SUBIIeIIITTIONS.
Her-Most Gracious Majesty the Queen and his Royal
Highness Prince Albert
Her Majesty the Queen Dowager - - -
Pier Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent - -
ller Royal Highness the Duchess of Gloucester -
Theltight Hera. Earl Spencer -
•-•
Sir Joseph. Copley, Itart. -
The Right Hon. Lord Feversham -
S. M. Peto, Esq., M.P. - -
Rev. E. Holland
His Grace the Duke of Bedford - -
Miss Portal
Messrs. Barclay and C. - - -
Kosnaos .
Abel Smith, Esq. - -
Lord Willoughby de Eresby -
AFr end, by L Sullivan, Esq. - -
Total, to Jan. 1, 1849 -
Donations since received :
W. S., a Tribute for the Thanksgiving Day
Mrs. Blair
Mrs. Lambert Blair
The Rev. Dr. Ellerton - - -
A Friend
R. B. Cooke, Esq.
Major Cruils shank
A., per Nisbet - - - - -
T. T.
C. Saver, Esq.
A. Palmer, Esq. - - .
A. 11. Bradshaw, Esq. - - - -
R. C. Kidd, Esq.
W. S. Angell, Esq. - - - - -
The Dowager Lady Cooper - -
J. E. Denison, Esq., M.P. - - -
Rev. I. Ware
Mrs. Charles Pym
Gee. Pearce, E. q.
J. Sperling, Esq.
R. 11. V. Walpole. Esq.
R. A. Hornby, Eng.
Viscount Brackley
11. B. Hickman, Esq.
Miss A. M. Cotton
Marquis of Blandford
Rev. Dr. Pacey
J. O. Harris, Esq.
11. Unwen, Esq.
Rev. Dr. Cotton, Principal of Worcester College 11 0
John Hardy, Esq. - - - - - -29 0
Mr. Hargraves - - 10 0
W. E. Hubbard, Esq. - - b •
Lieut.-Colonel Seymour
Mrs. Hugham
Major Little 1 0
M. 0., one who has read Lord Ashley's Letter
in the " Times" of the 19th ult., as a Thank-
offering of herself and family from the late
Epidemic
Lady Murray
w..fenivlngs, Esq.
R. Wilkinson, Esq,
J. Beaufort, Esq.
Hon. Mertntstaart Elphinstone - - - 10 0
Miss Ware
Edward Strachey, Esq.
Mrs. Dutnaresque
Thomas L. Ward
T. H. Bastard, Esq. - - - - 5 0
E. Gardner, Esq. - - - - I 5
T. Twining, jun., Esq. . - - - - 20 0
T. 11. Parker, Esq. - - - 11 •
C. V.
Mrs. Bird
J. J. Smith, Esq.
W. Penny, Esq. - - - - 5 0
W. Spark's, Esq.
Chestiarms
B. Smith, Esq.
G. Harding, Esq.
J. C. Hall, Esq.
E. B. Bastard, Esq.
Members of Rev. Dr. Cumming's Congregation 10 0
W. P. Angell, Esq.
Mrs. Scheel
Miss Catherine Stuart - - - - - g 0
E. W. M. L. - - - - - - i 0
Donations and annual subscriptions will he received by Messrs.
Williams, Deacon, and Co., Birchin-lal:e ; Messrs. 'terries, Farquhar,
and Co., St. .Tarnes's-street ; Messrs. Ceutts and Co., Strand ; Messrs.
Strahan, r, and Co., Temple-bar; arid by Hatchards, P•ceadilly ;
Seeleys, Fleet-street and Hanover-street : and Nisbet, Berners-
street ; or by the Secretary, at the Office, 21, Exeter Hall.

- 200 0 0
150 0 •
100 0 0
SO 0 0
100 0 0
110 0 •
100 0 0
- 100 • 0
- 150 0 0
- 100 0 0
- 100 0 0
- 100 0 0
- 100 0 •
- 100 0 0

- - -
Yd donation

. . 100 • •
- - 100 • 0
- 45,603 & 6

-XlO 0
- 24 0
- 25 0
- 25 0
- SO 0
- 5 0
- 5 0
- A 0
- 4 5
- 5 0
- b 0
- 10 0
- $ 0
- 5 4
- 10 0
- le 0
- 20 0
- 5 0
- 10 •

THE LONDON INDISPUTABLE LIFE
POLICY COMPANY
No. 31, LOMBARD-S MEET. LONDON.
INCORPORATED BY ACT OF PARLIAMENT.
TRUSTEES.
John Campbell Renton, Esq., M.P. I Richard Spooner, Esq., M.P.
Richard Malins, Esq., Q.C. James Fuller Madox, Esq.
William Wilberforce, Esq.
DIRECTORS.
Itohert Henry Forman, Esq.
John Hamilton, Esq.
James Fuller Madox, Esq.
John Matthews, Esq.
C. 0. Parnell, Esq.
AUDITORS.

William Adams, Esq.
John Atkins, Esq
Ilenry Atiztunus Bevan. Esq.
J. Thompson Bramwell, Esq.
Jelin Dangerfield, Esq.

Samuel Field, Esq.
'William Ghrimes Kell, Esq.
MEDICAL ADYISER.
Benjamin Phillips, Esq., F.R.S.
RANKERS.
Messrs. Speoner, Attwoods, and Co.
SECRETARY.
David Alison, Esq.
SOLICITORS.
Messrs. Atkins and Andrew.
MANAGER.
Alexander Robertson, Esq.
The POLICIES are INDEFEASIBLE and INDISPUTABLE,
he Company being prohibited, by the 54th clause of their Deed of
Constitution, which is duly registered ix terms of the Act, from dig
pitting a Policy upon any ground whatever.
The Rates of Premium are calculated upon Carlisle mortality, and
are es low as a due regard to complete security will justify.
HALF PREMIUM SYSTEM. —By this plan only one-half of the
r•remiums. with interest of the retained halves, is required to be paid
for the first five years—the retained halves, being payable at the
convenience of the assured, or allowed to continue, to firm
a deduction from the claim on the Policy ; and as the As-
surance may be relinquished at any time without payment
of the retained premiums, this scheme enables a party to
assure for the first five years at little mere than half the usual rate,
and to discontinue a Policy at about one-half the usual sacrifice.
WHOLE WORLD POLICIES are granted, whereby the security
of a creditor, holder of a Policy, continues unimpaired, although the
assured life should go beyond the prescribed limits.
Sums are assured payable to the parties themselves on attaining a
specified age, or at their death, whichever shall first occur.
PA RTN ER-z II IP POLICIES are granted, whereby ajoint assurance
effected by partners, at the charge of the firm, secures the capital in-
vested. On the death of either, the survivor is benefited by retain-
ing the whole capital, and the representatives of the deceased obtain
their share without having to wait until it can be recovered frem
outstanding debts.
There is no extra charge for residence beyond 35 degrees of the
equator.

George C'turiminz, Esq.
aines Turner, Esq.

Ne Admission or Entrance Fees are required, nor is any charge
made for the Policy beyond the amount of the Stamp.
Claims are payable within three months after proof of the death of
the assured life.
The usual Commission allowed to Solicitors, and also to persons,
approved by the Board, who extend the business of Life Assurance in
connexion with this Company.

SEA, FIRE, LIFE ASSURANCE OFFICE.
Xstablished by Act •f Parliament,
21, OOItNHILL, LONDON.
Capitalloo,oooL, in Shares of 20e. each, to be paid in full on allotment,
bearing a guaranteed interest ore per cent. in perpetuity (irrespective
of further dividends) upon the paid-np capital.
Application for Shares to be addressed to the Directors at the
Offices of the Society. Marine, Fire, and Life Assurances granted
on the most liberal terms.
Immediate and Deferred Annuities granted on terms especially
adrantageons for investment of capital.
lty order,
AUG. COLLINGRIDGI, Managing Director.

CHRISTMAS PRESENTS.
The season having arrived, wherein by exchange of presents
we confirm the stability of friendship, all classes of the community
who would successfully cultivate regard by acceptable offerings will
avail themselves of ROWLANDS' TOILET ARTICLES. In
creating and sustaining Luxuriant Silken Tresses, ROWLANDS'
IStACASSAR OIL is highly appreciated by Rank and Fashion, and
patronized by all the Sovereigns of Europe ; ROIVLANDS'
1)0R is a preparation of unparalleled eflicacy in purifying the Skin,
protecting it from the baneful effects of inclement weather, and suf-
fusing the complexion with transcendent brill:aney ; and ROW-
LANDS' ODONTO or PEARL DENTIFRICE is Invaluable for Its
preservative and beautifying effects on the Teeth and Gums. No
presents can be more worthy Of recommendation, or in more general
use.

TOYS and GAMES of every description, Christ-.
mas tees, bonbons, fancy decorations, architectural buildnr,rs,.
magic lantern,, conjuring tricks, French papeterie, enchante i spy-
glasses, animated pictures, dioramas, automatons, magicians, and
magnetic articles of every kind, the whole forming a p'easing and
decant variety of presents adapted to all ages, and suitable to ilra
approaching season, at

CREIIER',3 FOREIGN TOY WAREHOUSE,
10, Bridge-street, Westminster.
An extensive assortment of amusing and Intellectual toys, dissolv-
ing views, chremotrope, German trees, &c., lent out for the
evening.

NEW CHRISTMAS PRESENTS FOR THE YOUNG.
In super-royal CALENDAR ss. th ilt edges,
riIHE JUVENILE and ZODIAC
I_ of FLOWERS. By Mrs. T. K. HERVEY. With Emble-
matic Illustrations by Mr. Richard Doyle.
Also, in foolscap Svo., cloth gilt, price 55., with Numerous En-
gravings,
• rHE ILLUSTRATED YEAR-BOOK of
I_ WONDERS, EVENTS, and DISCOVERIES. Edited by a
Popular Writer.
London : Arthur Hall, Virtue and Co., 25, Paternoster-row.

" THE CHEAPEST and beat ALMANAC
extant is the POST MAGAZINE ALMANAC for 1a.50.
The information contained in it would fill a large volume in
moderate sized type. The merchant, tradesman, and agriculturist
will find it an invaluable companion, and this for the trifling sum of
6d. Why, the paper on which it is printed would co-t more than
this sum. We nakirally ask, and with reason too, how It can ply
the nubisher ? But this Is an age of wonders."—Shropshire Con-
servative.

RYE:mows MUSTACHIOS, and WHISKERS produced in a
few weeks, and Bedsess removed and prevented, by tke axe or
CIRIMSTONE'S AROMATIC
lIEGEITERATOIS.

If you are in want of that beautiful adoinwent of the human
figure, a natural ru,)ply of human hair, obtain through the foot, or
of any wholesale or retail chemist r druggist, or perfumer, an 11
bottle of Grimstone's Aromatic Regenerator. This is an essential
spirit, drawn from aromatic herbs and flowers (grown at his Iler-
bary, llighgate), which has been long known to the nobility and
gentry, by whoia it is h.ghly appreciated for its manifold ♦irtues, too
numerous to be set forth in an advertisement, but may be read in his
pamphlet, in which the bottles are aclosed.

Each pamphlet has the signature of William Orimstone, Merchant,
Tier Wry, 11igh.,ate, and wt,l be found at page 11, un 'er the copy of
Mrs. Weekly's Letter t• the Editor of the " Times" newspaper, 7th
of August, 1846.

,
This pamphlet Is forwarded through the poet, on receiving two
postage stamps.

The .Arou4tie Regenerator can be forwarded through the peat on
receiving* post-office order for 45. 6d., 7•. ad., or 12a., which in-
cludes the postage with the case.
The I Is. size contains four of the 4s. '
A few cf its many ♦ititues, AS thousands can prove, are published
in the pamphlet enclosed with each bottle.

Reader, reflect for a few minutes, and if yen are 40 years of age,
you will remember the thousands of blind you meet with in your
walks, others with various coloured eye-shades ; indeed, such was
the demand for eye-shades, that it was a business. What has re-
moved those sightless beings, and given place to a straightforward,
clear-sighted people (the climate is the same) ? tell you the cause
—the universal use of Grimstone's Eye Snuff ! and because it cured
Ophthalmia, Gutta Serena, Cater met, Nervous Ileadach, and Deaf-
ness, the Lords of the Treasury directed it to be denominated a medi-
cine, and t• be stamped. Although this advanced its character, 67
cases of care being proved by the in!ormers, still it was an act of
oppression; as in 1825 the Solicitor of Stamps, Godfrey Sykes, Esq.,
altered the label, and sanctioned its sale under order of the Lords of
Ike Treasury; tie letter of protection, signed by Iferries, Fag., to
Mr. William Crimstone, bearing date Mk February, 1525. This was
en account of its curative qualities, being sold at that time in canis-
ter., within Ike reach ef every poor family. But under this order of
Government it is obliged to be stamped.
GRIMSTONE'S MEDICATED EYE SNUFF, sold in canisters,
Inclosed in a pamphlet of medical and other testimonials, under the
Government order, at Is. lid., 2s. od., aid 4s. 6d. cads. The
Pamphlets sold at Id. each. If through the post, ls. Sd., Ss. lid., and
is. Bd., ineluding postage, &c. The following letter is one out of the
many thousand proofs.

Read the following Medical Testimony to the cure of five easel
of Gutta Serena, from G. 11. Boutsll, Professor of Galvanism:—
" Ssathsea, near Portsmouth, Baits, bth Nov., 1848.
" Ma. R. GRIMSTONC.—Sir—I must in justice to you send the fol-
lewing Testimonial with regard to tke extraordinary efficacy of your
Eye Snuff in caees of Grata Serena. I have used it in five cases with
the most astonishing benefit and cure. Sir, yea may advertise this ! I
sr make what use you please. The cures have wholly astonished
aio and thousands of others.--T am, Sir, ticc.,
G. H. BOUTELL, Professor of Galvanism."
Alt letters to Mr. William Grimstons, Herbary, Highgate, near
Londes, at which establishment ko continues to manufacture his
far-famed HERB TOBACCO, so much esteemed in all foreign parts.
The le:lowing letter, in testimony of its delightful qualities, is from
the author of the " Pleasures of Home :"

" Springfield Cottage, Honiton, Devon, 15th August, I&4*.
"Sir,— I cannot deny myself the pleasure of stating hew highly I
esteem your Herb Tobacco. I have now found in it a substitute for
the choice leaf, hitherto ehtained by me from a friend In Constanti-
nople. lam sure that lovers of mild, fragrant Tobacco would find
yours arrest and acceptable gift, at a very reasonable price.
" I am your obedient servant,
" STUART UA
" Ti Mr. William Grimstene, Herbary,FA HigQhrHate."RSON, D.C.L.
This extensively-famed Tobacco is sold by all chemists and drug-
gists, and others, with W. Brimstone's signature attacked, at 75441.,
Is. 1 IA cl., 7a. fcl., and 4s. 6d. each, including the Government stamp

A I A G E.
M One half the worid are desolately single, and the ether
inppoong them married, questionably contented. Dlfildeace, or a
lane et right determine the former, and miscalculated hopes em-
Stier the latter. The solitary one may shield himself under the plea
of caution and worldly prudence, and the indissoluble, regret nn-
oomprosing harry; but the truth lies deeper. Physical Incapacity,
rtel broken health, are the great hindrances to domestic happiness
Sad social content. The dowry should not be the only marriage set-
tlement.. Honour and justice demand that health sheuldform slattern
In the compect; It alone dignifies the alltanCe. Blighted hopes or
segleot wound more sorely than poverty or initibrtune. Reader, if
Verne surmises concern you, procure Dr. CUIVERWELL'S little
SILMOIRS "On Single and Married Life, " pub. in 2 vols., is.
each (by post, in stamps, 1.. 6d. each). Let no imaginatively
relined, or prudish feeling deter you. by their titles, nor be hindered
Is), misinterpretation of their supposed contents, from obtaining
them, They are net intended certainly for mere idle curiosity, bat
for the closet perusal of those mere deeply interested, to whom
they are offered as sintaconistle to the empyrical trash put forth on
the above subjects, by unqualified authors, which alone or
together, are r. disgrace to the age. Furthermore, two other
little publications claim you attention (same price Is. each,
by r ost is. 6d.) called " What to Eat, Drink, and
Lveld," and " How to be Happy." They are not merely
pamphlets, but equal in quantity a library volume, nor are they the
mere ephemeral ecribblings of the hoar, but the study of the author's
whe owes his present existence, health, and position to this oh-
servanca of the maxims he would inculcate—to do unto others as he
'rout he done unte—to live after nature's laws—and to keep always
on the "sunny aide of the way." The above works may be had of
Sherwood, as, Paternoster-row; Cenral's°, 141, Fleet-street • Mann,
$9, Cornhill;, Spokes, b, Holborn-hill ;or direct (by post or other-
wi.e) Von, the anther twho may be conferred with personally,
mornings .ni ..4nincs). :10. Regent-efa
Booksellers sett. and
,sly

CHILD MURDER AT SOUTH LAMBETH.---Yester-
day a long inquiry took place before Mr. W. Carter, the
coroner for Surrey, at the Lansdowne, Lansdowne-road,
South Lambeth. on the body of a fine male child, found
under the following circumstances : —On Tuesday morn-
ing about eight o'clock, as Mr. Kibblo was passing by a
field on the Lansdowne-road, he saw a parcel, which
upon examination he found to be the body of a child
wrapped up in a newspaper of the 23d of October, 1849.
Mr. Christie, of the Brixton•road, surgeon, said he had
made a post mortem examination. He found no external
marks of violence, except that the umbilical cord bad
been torn away from the body, He had no doubt the
death was caused by the hemorrhage arising from the
injury. Every other part of the body was perfectly
healthy. The Coroner said there could be no doubt,
after the testimony of Mr. Christie, that the death had
been a violent one, for the child had actually bled to
death. The jury, af.er a short consultation, returned a '
verdict of wilful murder against some person or persona
unknown.

EAST-RIDING UNION OF ME

CHANICS' INSTITUTIONS.

ANNUAL SOIREE AT BEVERLEY.
(From th- Hull Advertiser.)
The annual soiree of the East-Riding Union of
Mechanics' Institutes was held at Beverley, in the
Mechanics'-hall, on Wednesday evening. The at
tendance was more numerous than at any previous
soiree, the popularity of the Rev. James Aspinall,
Rector of Althorpe, Lincolnshire, who was announced
as a speaker in Beverley fur the first time, having, no
doubt, attracted large numbers. After tea, and be-
tween the addresses, a number of pieces were sung
very creditably by Messrs. Brigham, May, Roxby,
Hale, Coverdale, and W. Brigham, accompanied on
the piano by Mr. Watson.
The CHAIRMAN, in his opening address, spoke as
follows :—Ladies and Gentlemen—l have addressed
you so often on the education of the working classes,
that I shall not trouble you with .many remarks on
the present occasion. Besides, I share with you the
impatience to hear one who has come from a great
distance to honour us with his company ; one whose
winged words have gone through the length and
breadth of the land, and have everywhere made
a deep and indelible impression. The Reverend
Mr. Aspinall is emphatically the friend of the work-
ing men, and a leveller in the best sense of the
term; for he does not strive to pull down the mighty
from their seats, but to raise up the humble and meek.
—(Cheers.) 1 trust his coming among us will give
a new impulse to our efforts, to render this institution
what it might be and-ought to be—a blessing to the
town and neighbourhood. What is society but a
large trading community, in which .814 according to
their several investments of skill, or labour, are
alike interested, and the saiety of each is bound up
with that of all ? In a society of this description
there must be a gradation of ranks. While some
direct and govern, others must labour and execute ;
it is, indeed, an ordination of Providence that
" Those who think must govern those who toil."
—(Cheers.) Of those two classes the latter will
always be the most numerous. How important it is
that the millions should have a moral and intellectual
education; for if the materials which form the basis
of the social edifice are ill-hewn and worse disposed,
the foundations will give way, and the whole fabric
crumble into ruins. It is truly said by Pope, that
" A little learning is a dangerous thing."
I am aware the truth of this remark has been con-
tested ; but it had been denied by those only who
misunderstood the poet's meaning. He certainly
could not mean that positive information, however
small, was bad, but was alluding to that kind of
education which puffs men up and renders them blind
to their deficiencies. It is certain that the slender
modicum of learning obtained by the multitude has a
tendency to weaken rather than strengthen the mind.
It is just enough to enable them to devour the trash
that issues from circulating libraries ; and we all
know that novels and romances are to the mind what
dram-drinking is to the body. They who live in a
world of their own imaginings are unfit for the stern
realities and the sober duties of life. It is absurd to
say that the imagination and the passions require
cultivation. Those faculties are too active of them-
selves, and require exertion rather than cultivation.
The education required by the working classes is
scientific. They should be rendered able to
subdue the earth, to encounter the perils of the
ocean, to enlist the elements into their service,
and convert the raw materials of the earth into
things useful and ornamental.. The best argu-
ment in favour of mechanics institutes is the
evils of popular ignorance, an maple field into which
it is not my intention to enter at any length. I may
just observe that in the arts of design our inferiority
to our French competitors is on all hands admitted.
And would it be believed that England, the most
maritime country in the world, is obliged to have
recourse to French models in the art of shipbuilding ?
The enormous number of shipwrecks that occur
annually, involving an immense loss of life and pro
perty, is owing, in the majority of instances, to the
ignorance of seamen in nautical astronomy and navi-
gation. Time would fail me to enumerate the losses
of the farmer from his ignorance of chemistry, and of
the miner from a want of knowledge of geology;
but enough has been said to show the necessity of
science to the working classes. In conclusion, I
would just ask the objectors to mechanics' institute..
what would have been the cm n lition of this country
if the sun of science had never shone upon it ? We
slot uld have had a scanty and ill-fed population,
living in huts instead of hous?s, in caves instead of
castles. We should have had neither ships, colonies,
nor commerce; no railroads, steam engines, and spin
ping jennies; nor any of those countless contrivances
that have rendered England the wonder and admira-
tion of the civilized world.—(Cheers.)
Mr. HIND then read the following report :
" The carmnittee of the East-Ridiats Union of Me-
chanics' Institutes prefer, on the pre-ent occasion,
presenting to your consideration a few facts of a sta-
tistical character to any protracted or minor details.
When the union was formed in January, 1848, it
only comprised three institutions, namely, those of
Beverley, Driffield, and Bridlington. Its principal
object was to consolidate these, and to form new in-
stitutions. That these purposes have to some extent
been achieved will be evident from the increased
numbers to the extent of 100 each of the members of
Beverley and Driffitld, and the formation of four new
institutions in the towns of Bridlington Quay, Filey,
Market Weighton, and Nafferton, with the additions
of four village branches in Brandesburton, Froding
ham, Kilham, and Langtoft. The important insti-
tutions at Goole and Pocklington have also joined the
union, which is thus increased—in the short space
of two years—from three to thirteen institutions,
comprising hundreds of new members who were
never thus associated before. Special atten-
tion is called to what is considered the
most interesting and most important feature in the
operations of the union—the village mission, which
is intended to establish reading rooms and libraries,
with occasional lectures in every village and hamlet
in the East Riding. All has not been accomplished
that has been wished. Some errors, disappointments,
and failures may have occurred; but when it is con-
sidered that this is the first experiment of the kind j
ever made in England, and that there are contingen-
cies which no human foresight or prudence can
control, it is presumed that indulgence will be
extended to the past, and experience and hope derived
for the future, The popular and elastic constitution
of these individual institutions, and of the union itself,
from which all party politics and controversial
theology are strictly excluded, warrant these expec-
tations. The example of the East-Riding Union
has been already followed by the formation of
north-west sub unions, and so far as the employ-
ment of lecturers is concerned, is being followed by
the General Yorkshire:Union. Late as it is with this
union, composed of ninety institutions, comprising
16,000 members, among whom are found the highest
statesmen, church dignitaries, and scientific men of
the day, having free access to all its lectures and
libraries, and enjoying constant sywpatby and cor-
respondence with them in the great educational move-
ment of the age, while valuable literary and social
advantages, at a mere nominal cost, are secured for
its immediate vicinity, the East-Riding Union must
command the continued and liberal patronage and
support of the inhabitants of Beverley and the neigh
bourhood."

Mr. DAY then, in an interesting address, spoke as
one who was in his own attainments an illustration
of the benefits of mechanics' institutions. He espe-
cially dwelt upon the advantages of the library and
the discussion class.
The Cuantsrast then introduced
The Rev. J. ASPINALL, M.A., Rector of Althorpe,
Lincolnshire, who, on rising, was received with ap-
plause. He said—When, some years since, such
meetings as this were first held in the country, it was
hard and up-hill work with the advocates and chem.
pions of popular education. They had both open
enemies and cold friends to contend with ; but they
had counted the cost and were in nowise dismayed by
the hostility and opposition which they had to face.
They knew that their work would be gradual, not in-
stantaneous ; that, if they expected miracles, they
would be overwhelmed by disappointment ; that the
world cannot be won from its old ways, nor human
nature be torn from its accustomed habits, in a mo
ment of time; that the Saturnia regna of the poets
are not to be revived by asking for them. And, feel-
ing these things, they loudly proclaimed them, not to
damp the ardour of their friends, but to encourage
their perseverance. Zeal and enthusiasm are too apt
after soaring into the seventh heaven of hope, to
plunge, if not instantly gratified, into the abyss of
despair. We wished to prevent this. We impressed
upon their minds that their task, though sure, we be-
lieved, in the event, would be slow at. the beginning;
not so slow, however, but that we should soon perceive
and note that progress was being made. And so it
was. It was felt almost immediately that our institu-
tions were doing good. This was comforting, because
the first stages of improvement and amendment are
always the most difficult to travel over. Pioneers'
work has then to be performed. The feelings and
prejudices of mankind are then in full strength and
force, arrayed against the ianovating teacher who
presumes to doubt their integrity or question their
perfection. But these once conquered, all the rest is
easy and smooth sailing. And such n point we have

now reached. Gradually the frosts and icebergs of
opposition began to break up and thaw. We pressed
on to the summit of the difficulties which were to be
overcome until we obtained a Pisgah view of the
promised land spread out isefore us, with all the main
obstacles between us and it removed, and an inclined
plane for hope to journey on until it becomes a rea-
lity, and the utopia of yesterday is transmuted by the
alchymy of time into the "great fact" of to-day. When
there fine, we now meet, it is to congratu!ate each
other on our success, to report progress, to take stock.
We are all on one side. Our controversies are like
that which we lately read of in some West Indian
paper—" Master and I," said the negro, " have been
arguing all morning which is the place to plant the
rice in. He says this is the right spot, and I say the
same, and we have been at it these two hours."—
(Laughter.) In short, our only business on these
occasions is to recount our triumphs, and to point to
the trophies which we have set up. It was the boast
of the Emperor Augustus that he found Rome brick,
and left it marble. And, even so, I think it will
in the end be said of the educationists of the nine-
teenth century, thati, they found the fabric of society
based upon the ignorance, and left it resting upon the
intelligence of the masses of the people. I have, indeed,
often been told that when wo so speak, we disparage
and undervalue what the middle and preceding ages
achieved in the arts and sciences, to improve.
ment and invention, in literary v onders and archi-
tectural miracles, and countless other treasures, the
offspring of mind, and of mind in a highly cultivated
and civilized frame and condition. I, for one, under-
rate none of these things. I confess at once to the
immensity of the debt which we of the present
generation owe to those who have gone before us. I
believe that the world has never been without its
guardians of knowledge and teachers of wisdom. I
find their names written in the annals of intellect,
their works stored in the archives of literature, in
some centuries more, in others less numerous, as fancy
speaks of angel's visits, " few and far between ;" but
still the light of knowledge never extinguished, its
holy flame, like that committed to the charge of the
vestals, kept in perpetual brightness by an undying
succession of intellectual watchmen, self-devoted to
the task. We see traces of this brotherhood of
science in all history, and recognise them in all the
meanderings of tradition, until lost in the darkness of
oblivion itself, and we are convinced that they existed,
flourished, taught, before the Chaldean magas scanned
the stars for wisdom, or the Phoenician mariner for
guidance—before the sage of Egypt gazed on the
mystic waters of the Nile—before the Druid bowed
the savage heart in awe at his colossal temple—and
before the meditative Greek sought in the universal
frame of nature the harmony and the workings of an
intelligence like his own.---(Cheers.) But when we
have admitted all this, we may still come back to and
maintain the position that not until the present cen-
tury did the education of the masses of society pro-
perly and fully begin. The light of the intellectual
day grew stronger and stronger upon the mountain
tops, but not until then did its beams penetrate to the
valleys beneath. Let us open the page of history and
see what it tells us of the state of the millions in the
most favoured and enlightened nations of Europe in
former days. I will go back, for instance, to the
fourteenth and the century immediately preceding it.
I'Vben I do so, I read the people were little civilized
—ignorance abounded—the dominion of the law was
yet unconfirmed—the husbandmaa was a feudal slave
[ —humanity was unknown—rudeness of manners was
general—supposed witches and heretics were burned
alive—wild passions, severity, and cruelty every-
where prevailed—human life was little regarded—
governments had no thought about providing for the
welfare of their subjects. That is not a pleasing
picture. Let us pass on to a somewhat later date, and
take a peep at the condition of Europe and its king.
doms at the close of the fifteenth, and the commence-
ment of the sixteenth century. Ah I what do we see
now ? The mental effervescence has begun. There
is a stir in the world. The leaven of intellect is at
work. There is a shaking of the dry bones of old
ignorance. America had been discovered. Africa
had been circumnavigated. And, what is more, the
invention of the printing-press, that mental railway,liberty's grain of mustard seed, civilization's grain of
mustard seed, the first essential of refinement and of
the unchecked development of social rights, had
burst through the bonds of darkness and given to
freedom of thought imperishable wings.—(Loud
cheers.) Men's minds where, consequently,
in a very ferment of activity. They expanded un-
consciously in the unwonted light of thy. They felt
as if the w:101e earth were on the eve of renovation,
and knew not what fresh energies were about to be
called into action—what unsuspected powers might
successively be developed—as they gazed upon events
more stupendous than any which had ever occurred,
and awakened to ideas more ere alive than had ever
aroused the spirit of men. But even thus stimulated
and excited, the hopes of the most enlightened fell far
short of the actual results of these mighty discoveries
and improvements of which we probably, although
we flatter ourselves that we are in the fulness of their
enjoyment, are only in the seed time and first in-
fancy; while to the multitude, although the darkness
of the past was receding, the light was still only as
the approach of a sun yet hidden behind a cloud from
which it is struggling to burst. In short, let us say
what we will, popular education has no history, pedi-
gree, or genealogy beyond the present century. Chance
seeds might strike root and spring up and shiest forth
gigantic branches, but, as a whole, the masses were
scandalously neglected in the matter of education.
I recollect, indeed, once when speaking on this very
subject having my attention turned by a friend who
held a contrary opinion, to a passage in the life of
Pope, which occurred in the earlier part of the last
century. When the first books of his immortal trans-
lation of Homer appeared, a rival version by Tidal].
was immediately published. The coincidence or op-
position made a great noise among the scholars and
wits of the day, who were divided in their opinion as
to the merits of the two works. Pope himself says—
": I.have the town, that is, the mob, on my side ; but
its not uncommon for the smaller party to supply
by industry what it wants in numbers. I appeal to
the people as my rightful judges, and while they are not
inclined to condemn me, shall not fear the high-flyers at
Button's." But Pope's town, mob, and people are here
to be received in a very limited sense. He merely intends
us to understand by them the majority of those who were
qual to the task of critics, in contradistinction to
Addison, and two or three intellectual potentates of
the time, la creme de la creme, who expected their nod
and fiat to be omnipotent on all literary and classical
questions. And here, in passing, .1 may be permitted
to observe, in what a striking and remarkable manner
the verdict of the poet's "mob" has been adopted by
succeeding generations, who, while oblivion has drawn
its curtain of raven black before the production of his
rival, still respond eagerly to the epigram which ap.
peared at the time :

" So much, say Pope, thy. English Iliad charms,
As pity melts us or as passions warms,
That after ages shall, with wonder seek,
Who 'twas translated Homer into Greek."
—(Laughter.) But from the past let us come down
to the present. And when we do so, and live all that
is now doing to stimulate and develop the intellect of
the masses, the printing-press, that mental railway,
as I before called it, so busily at work, the cheap
trains of literature laid on in all directions, the steam
of education well up, and the engineers and stokers,
schoolmasters and tutors, so actively employed in
every quarter of the land—when, I say, we behold
such things, we may venture to anticipate the arrival
of a time when an untaught and ignorant man in
society shall be as great a rarity as a mummy trans-
lated from the Egyptian pit to the British Museum.
—(Cheers.) We are, I hope, making some progress
towards a consummation so • devoutly to be wished.
Our Transatlantic brethren are, as we all know, the
greatest manufacturers of jests and coiners of quips
and cranks on the face of the earth. Well, not long
since in one of their newspapers, I read that a man,
being charged with intoxication at some public meet-
ing, promptly answered, "Intoxicated ! To be sure
I am. I've been intoxicated these three years. Bro-
ther
and I are on a temperance mission ; he lectures, j
and Ism the frightful example.' "—(Loud laughter.)
And, even so, as education makes its way from the
city to the town, from the town to the village, from
the village to the single cottage in the valley
or on the bill side, as it fulfils its glorious,
humanising, civilising, Christianising mission; com-
forting the solitary spirit toiling at his loom, illumi-
nating the workshop, irradiating the factory, inspiring
the masses, spreading itself into the most remote nooks
and corners of the land, and accompanying and ele-
vating the mariner in his night-watches upon the
ocean ; as I behold and rejoice in such things, I cannot
help thinking that there is a time, a good time com-
ing, when an ignorant man, thrusting himself into any
company, any class of society, shall be also looked
upon as " the frightful example" to remind us of the
hideous yoke of darkness from which we have escaped!
—(Cheers.) Whatever others may do, let it be your
high purpose to be among the first and foremost in the
educational movement of the age. Lead it -if you
can ; do not lag behind it on any account. Rouse
your industry. Put forth your energies, that, in the
intellectual pilgrimage from Bccotia to Athens, now
so happily general amongst all orders and degrees
of society, your place may be in the van, far re-
moved from that of the Spartan's slave, the foil,
the contrast, "the frightful example" by which ,

the superiority of others ,is to be tested and as3er
twined.—(Heer, hear.) And now I would, for a
few moments, turn your thoughts to one, or two of
what we may call the incidental advantages Which
the present age derives from the increased intelligence
wrought by education amor4,st all closes of society.
Oliver Goldsmith, in his writings, more than once
sneers at the small value set in this country upon
instruction and instructors in his day, by recording
the following advertisement;—" Wanted, an usher
to an academy. N.B. He must be able to read and
dress hair." Well, we have.-al all events taken a step
forward since that date. Teachers in our schools
must now he " able to read," and a little more; and
as to dressing the hair of the .pupils their peculiar
province in our times is to deal with, the inside, not
the outside, of the heads committed to their care.
Even as yet, however, I would say more emphatically,
they are far from the social position which they ought
to occupy. But things are 'improving. We are
advancing towards it And there is another illustra-
tion on this point to which I would direct your at-
tention. A century ago it was. remarked by.a lady of
high rank on the first appearance of a young gentle-
man at a court ball, "So admirable a dancer must
succeed in life." That, ifyou please, was the triumph
of heels over head.—(Laughter.) But thanks to the
advancing intelligence of mankind, all that is changed,
and we are now, I think, approaching the triumph of
head over heels. And, talking of heels, we -still,
now and then, here and there, meet with a few timid
persons, who say—But what will become of society
if you thus make the advantages of education uni-
venal amongst all its gradations ? Will not each
class be treading upon the heels of that before it, and
so all be thrown into chaos and confusioa ? No such
thing. Look at the time, the means, the opportuni-
ties, which those who occupy the higher walks of life
have to devote to their intellectual cultivation and
improvement. If, with these at their command, they
cannot keep before the poor working man, the
toiling mechanic, the laborious clerk, who have
only the small residue of their after hours, when
the business of the day is over, to spend at the
institute or bestow upon reading at home, then do
they deserve, not only that these last should tread
upon their heels, but upon their toes likewise, and
make them most uncomfortable until they quicken
their pace and do their duty to themselves, to their
age, and to the advantages which they possess.—
(Cheers.) I will tell you, by an example of which
I lately heard, exactly,how this intellectual competi-
tion of classes will work. Not long since a certain noble
lord had a party of visitors in his house, among whom
were some very able and scientific men. He had
also, as a guest at the same time, an individual of the
highest rank in the peerage. It was remarked, and
thought strange at the moment, that day after day
the Noble Duke ventured, even with the several pro-
fessors thereof, into the discussion of various ologies
with which no one had previously suspected that he
had even an acquaintance. It was also observed that
he vanished from the general company every day two
or three hours before dinner was announced. He
left, and then the secret came out from some books
and papers which he had carelessly omitted to take
with him, and from which it appeared that he had every
morning diligently read up for the evening's debate.
My informant smiled as he related to me this little
anecdote; but, for my pant, I admired the Noble
Duke—l admired his practical tribute to the spirit of
the age, in that, instead of seeking to crush down
society by the weight of his rank, he descended into
' the arena, like Ivanhoe striking the shield of the
Templar with the sharp point of his lance, to do his
best, and hold his own, and take his chance as a good
and true knight in the tournament of intellect. And
then, again, as to the world being overrun with clever
men like weeds and brambles, which some fanciful
hypochondriacs seem to dread ; there,is no fear of that.
A giant will show himself under any circumstances
and against any circumstances. lie will force his
way against all impediments, like Samson bursting
through the gates of Gaza and carrying them off, bar,
posts, and all, upon his shoulders. Let us glance Leek
at two or three examples of men of true Anglo-
Saxon metal and true Anglo-Saxon mould, who
have lately closed their eyes to this world. No force
of difficulties could have kept down the Titanic pow ers
of George Stephenson, in his struggles to attain the
eminence which he achieved.—(Cheers.) No array
of disadvantages could have crushed the soaring
energies and quenched the poetic fire of Ebenez:e.
Elliot. Alas ! that his muse should now be silent,
his harp unstrung ! But his memory survives. His
tuneful and truthful voice yet speaks to us from the
grave, an I hi: spirit-stirring and soul thrilling songs,
like those of the patriot bard of antiquity, will long
continue to cheer and inspire the hearts of his coun-
trymen.—(Cheers.) No amount of obstacles could
have nippvd in the bud the artistic talent of William
Etty, upon whose trsck we hang with so much
interest, from his first skirmish with oppositions when
caught draeing with a farthing's worth of white
chalk upon 11;s father's shop floor, to his Waterloo of
success, that bright and brilliant day in his career
when Sir Thomas Lawrence rendered due homage to
his genius, and welcomed him to take his place in the
foremost ranks of art.—(Cheers.) But such giants
are not gregarious. Like the king of the forest,
they are found alone in solitary grandeur. The
schoolmaster cannot make them to order. Educa-
tion cannot force them against nature. Let it,
then, spread its advantages ever so much amongst
all classes, they will still, in the mass, maintain their
relative positions. Gravitation will keep down the
dunces, mediocrity will still bedistanced in the race, and
even genius, unless aided by the untiring efforts of
energy and perseverance, will share the fate of the
fable-celebrated hare which slept when it should have
been running, and so lost the prize.—(Cheers ) But
instead of tilting with ideal and imaginary dangers,
let us briefly enumerate the advantages which educa-
tion can confer upon a people. It is the best police
which you can hare. It is the cheapest standing
army which the country can possess. It is a surer
warrant for order than the law, and it is a more
powerful guardian of the law than the judge, for it
cures by preventing, while he can only punish, with-
out either curing or preventing crime. It is even
more than all this. It not only creates a love of
order and a respect for the law among the governed,
but it is a guarantee that they will enjoy the blessings
of good government. In the last century, when there
was a great commotion about the increased tax on
spirits contemplated in what was called the Gin Act,
some wag launched the following epigram against the
Minister of the day :
" Why will you make us coolly think?
If you would govern, we must drink."
But the time, . I trust, is coming whim we may
put it—

The !sten now read who used to drink;
See how you govern—for they think.
—(Laughter.) In short my faith on this point is,
that an enlightened people will always naturally make
enlightened rulers. But it is time that I should
finish, and in doing ao I will venture to address a
word or two to the friends of popular education who
are assembled on this interesting occasion. I have
congratulated you on the disappearance of all opposi-
tion to this cause of national improvement—l have
congratulated you on the decided progress which it
has made amongst all classes. But still, when we
look plainly at what is going en in every direction,
when we have sounded the lowest depths of society,
we are driven to confess that, although much has been
done, much more remains to be accomplished.--
(Hear, hear.) I would press upon you to bear con-
stantly in mind that even yet, with school added to
school, and institute to institute, from north to south,
from east to west, ignorance is still far more prolific
than any other cause of the social evils which we see at
work amongst us. Sin has its votaries; dissipation
has its slaves ; dishonesty slays its thousands ; and in-
toxication its tens of thousands ; pleasure whirls its
myriads, blinded and dazzled, to destruction ; gaiety,
like the chariot-wheel of the Indian idol, passes
over and crushes countless numbers of its fond
and deluded worshippers ; and all the paths, and they
are many, which lead 'to perdition, are crowded by
the victims who severally choose them. But I verily
believe that if we could obtain anything like an accu-
rate account or classification of the transgressors
against the laws, hunsan and divine, together with the
causes which have more directly and immediately in-
fluenced them, we should find an amazing preponde-
rance of the evils which curse individuals and afflict
society to spring even yet from the bitter root of
ignorance.--(Cheers.) Indeed, with the revelations
of the commis,ioners of the Morning Chronicle just
now ringing in our ears, who can deny it ? You
acknowledge this! I am 'pure do; and, perhaps, you
add, why battle with a truism ? Ignorance, as
you have yourself told us, has now no advocates.
They have dwindled off, one by one, until no single
champion will take the field in its behalf, and its
cause has died out. I know this, and lam thankful
for it. And when at any moment •I find myself
thus reviling the departed, I am reminded of the
story of the village doctor who, when one day sum-
moned to a patient at some little distance, being a
sportsman likewise, took his gun with him, and
crossed the fields to his destination. At last, as he
approached the cottage to which he was bound, a girl
came rushing wildly out, and half imploringly and
half indignantly shrieked, " He is dead, sir, you need
not have brought your gun."—(Laughter.) And,
even so, when the batteries of logic are opened upon
the coaled corpse of the last of the Goths, who have

The vote of thanks having been passed amidst en-
lu,iastic acclamation,
The Its v. J ASPINALL in responding, said—
Ladies and Gentlemen,—l beg to return you my
most sii:cere thanks fur the vote you have jut passed,
mid not only for the vote itself but also for the man-
t,er in which it was proposed, at.d especially also for
the muncr in which it was received. Tht re is one
point which I omitted in my address to you, and
which I am anxious to allude to, namely, the move-
ment which is springing up to give the pauper chil-
dren in the various unions through the country an
industrial as well as intellectual education. I cou'd
(Flute high names in its behalf, such as those of the
Right lion. T. Baines, Lord Ebrington, and many
others. But it wants no touch Ip. It comes, self-
recommended, to the heart as well as the understand-
ing of the Chri.:tian philanthropist.— (Rear, hear.)
The mechenics' instittre teaches the head of the up-
grown man to guide his hands. The industrial school
will teach the hands of the child to obey the head.
it is necessary that both should work together in these
pinching times of competition.—(Hear.) There should
be a sympathy between the head and the hands and
the hands and the head. We must allow neither
to be a sleeping partner in the great business of lire.
—(Cheers.) What dors the press say on this sub-
j.ct ? If the press is with us, we are sure to win.
Somebody once observed, "Let' me make the songs
of the people, and I care not who makes their laws.'
And even so do I say," Give me the press on my side,
and I fear nothing else." But I must not grow garru-
kus after my long address to you. In one word,
thank you.—(Loud cheers.)
Mr. J. It. ALLEN moved the cordial thanks of the
meeting to Dr. Sand with for presiding that eyening.
Mr. GASKILL seconded the motion, which was
carri.:d with the warmest demonstration of respect.
The CHAIRMAN—Ladies and Gentlemen,—l thank
you most cordially for the manner in which you have
passed your last vote. I will only say that there has
been but one thing to detract from my gratification
with this evening's proceedings, which is the small
attendance of that class of persons for whom me-
chanics' institutes—as the name implies—were origi-
nally established by
.Dr. Birkbeck. I feel strongly
on this point, because I am confident that the welfare
of our beloved country Teats mainly on the education
of the working classes (Cheers.) Again I thank
you for the honour you have conferred upon me.
The National Anthem was then sung, after which
the soiree terminated.

THE DEVON COUNTY MEETING.—A meeting was
held at Exeter yesterday, in pursuance of a requisition
signed by 7,500 freeholders and inhabitants of the county,
to memorialise the Queen in favour of protection to
every branch of British industry. The high Sheriff,
Mr. M. E. N. Parker, presided, and about 1,200 persons
were present. Mr. Mallock moved the address, which
prayed her Majesty " to take such immediate measures
as would insure to the country at large such full and fair
protection as would restore the state of prosperity enjoyed
before the disastrous experiment of tree trade." and
Mr. Baldwin Fulford was the seconder. Sir B. Wray,
Bart., moved on amendment advocating a re-arrange-
ment of all taxation of whatever nature, so that all
property might be compelled to bear its fair and just
proportion. M. Divett, M.P., who objected to both
motion and amendment, next attempted to obtain a
hearing, but the interruption was so great that the Hon.
Member felt himself compelled to move that the meeting
be dissolved, since discussion. was impossible; and this
motion was seconded by Lord Ebrington, M.P. The
High Sheriff refused to put this last amendment, and,
the former having been rejected, the original motion was
carried by a very large majority. 0 her resolutions
were then adopted in accordance with the memorial,
and Sir T. D. Acland, Bart., M.P., was addressing the
meeting when the train left.
TRADE AT NOTTIEGIAM. HOSIERY AND LACE
TRADES.—Wonders will never cease. This is fully ex-
emplified in the present state of the cqtton cut-up
branch, as the trade is so brisk that at Christmas the work.
Men intend to require an advance of wages. The oldest
person in the trade cannot recollect a similar instance or
any branch of the hosiery trade being so brick in the
midst of winter. The drawer, pantaloon, and shirt branch
is not quite so brisk, but the frames are fully employed,
and the demand iseeps gradually increasing. The cotton-
glove trade is in a most healthy state. The silk-glove
branch in the town has suddenly and most extensively
improved. The other silk branches are still in a most
1 inientable condition, especially the knotted branch.
• he cotton hol•b:n net trade, principally owing to the
Court mourning, is very flat ; but we are gratified to
learn tkaa'. there is a ietutntd demand for black' silk
laces. The warp lace trate has not only improved in
Euglarid, but has also, in as far as we can learn,
im-
proved i (pally upon the continent, especially in the
south 4
. Femme and Italy.—/Veviegitam Journal.
BRUMPTON. HANDSOME BEQUEST. -- Yeeerclay
evening a numerous meeting of the board of manage Ins t
was held in she board-room of the Hospital for Con•
sump ion, Dr. Dickson in the chair. The routine business
having been done, the committee proceeded to the elec-
tion or two resident clinical assistants, after which i
was announced that a legacy of 1001. bad been bequeathed
by the late John Henry Peacock, Esq., in nid of the •
funds of the instirutien: The chairman expressed a hope
that in this season of almost universal • benevolence, the
chi aof the hospital on public sympathy would not
pass by unremembered. The usual vote IX thanks Was
then given, and the meeting separated.