The Sun.
London, England, 1849-01-24 00:00:00

EXAMPLES.

Perma- Sum the
Ae. ¢ Annual Policy Berms in vent Re- Assured
Pre- taken addltim Bonus in duction of may bor-
MiuM. eat in to Sum Cash. Annual rew en
Assured. Premium. Policy.
s. d. s d. £ s. d. s. d.
1837 262 14 3 121 15 11 20 0 0 543 17 9
£ s. d. 1838 237 15 6 108 16 4 17 7 6 494 S 10
60 1000 74 3 4 1839 211 18 6 95 16 9 14 17 7 445 0
1840 163 8 4 75 15 10 11 10 9 395 11 1
_lB4l 159 3 4 71 li 0 10 19 8 346 3 3
1842'132 2 6 58 17 6 8 19 10 296 13 4
1843 84 11 81 37 10 0 5 14 2 247 4 5

A R R T' A G E.
_ One half the world are desolately single, and the other
:upposing them married, questionably contented. Diffidence, or a
.erase of right determine the former, and miscalculated hopes em-
,:tter the latter. The solitary one may shield himself under the plea
,)t caution and worldly prudence, and the indissoluble, regret un-
•omprosing harry • but the truth lies deeper. Physical incapacity,
.na broken health, are the great hindrances to domestic happiness
:rd social content. The dowry should net be the only marriage set-
,:ement. Honour end justicedensand that health should form au item
the compact; It alone dignifies the alliance. Blighted hopes or
•eglect wound more sorely than poverty or misfortune. Reader, if
hese surmise's concern you, procure Dr. CULVERWELL'S little
EMOIRS "On Single and Married Life," pub. in 2 vols., Is.
such (by Lost, in stamps,' Is. 6d. each). Let no imaginatively
refined, or prudish feeling deter you, by their titles, nor be hindered
ay misinterpretation of their supposed contents, from obtaining
)-,em. They are not intended certainly for mere idle cariosity, but
or the closet perusal of those more deeply interested, to whom
t*sy are offered as antagonistic to the empyrical trash put forth on
the above subiects, by unqualified authors, which alone or
•ogether, are a disgrace to the age. Furthermore, two other
Ale publications claim your attention (same price Is. each,
by post Is. 6d.) called " What to Eat, Drink, and
.ivold," and " How to be Happy." They are not merely
•mphlets, but equal in quantity a library volume, nor are they the
nere ephemeral scribblings of the hour, but the study of the author's
'se, who owes his present existence, health, and position to this ob-
,rvance of the maxims he would inculcate—to do unto others as he
v3uld be done unto—to live atter nature's laws—and to keep always
the " sunny side of the way." The above works may be had of
-berwood, 23, Paterncster-row •' Carvalho, 147, Fleet-street • Mann,
39, Cornhill ; Nalson, 457, West Strand ; or direct (by post or other-
wise) from the author (who may be conferred with personally,
mornings and evenings), 10. Argyll-plat, Recent-street; and ell

rfIlE REGISTERED SYRIAN PALE-TOT.
Pursuant to Act 6 and 7 Tic., cap. 65.
Messrs. SWAIN" and Co., 379, Oxford-street, in announcing the
preparation of this garment, desire to have it known that it bears
no affinity to the common produce 'minted as built of the Llama
Wool, a material possessing no property by reason of which it can be
woven into a cloth, and which is to every manufacturer of the em-
pire, or of Europe, a thinz; unknown.
Mr. Charles Sakelby, Shrewsbury; Mr. George Davison, Sheffield ;
Mr. Robert•Pinhorn, Newport, Isle of Wight; Mr. Henry Hewitt,
Manchester; Mr. Maddox, Liverpool; and Mr. John Whitty, 8, Col.
lege-green, Dublin, sole agents for its sale in the above towns.

LONDON ORPUAN ASYLUM.—The annual meeting
of governors of this institution was held on Monday at
the London Tavern. Mr. James Capel having taken
the chair, the secretary proceeded to read the report,
from which it appeared that the total receipts for
the past year were 8,2981. 4s, 7d., and the ex-
penditure 8,5871. 4s. 7d., leaving a deficit on
the year's account of 2891. Since the last gene
rail meeting, 67 children, having completed their
terms, had left the institution, seven had died in the
asylum, and two were under the care of their friends ;
74 had been admitted, and of this number nine were ad-
mitted under the rule 37, 60 by election, and five in conse-
quence of having. been expelled from the Asylum of Bri-
libh Orphans in Paris. It was intended to admit two
more under similar circumstances. The day's election
would admit 30, making the total number in the asylum
397. The total number of children who would have re-
ceived the benefits of the institution since its establish -
tnent on the completion of their terms by the present
inmates and candidates would be 1,755. The re-
port having been adopted, the secretary moved that
two orphan children be admitted from France, 2001.
having been paid for them by the Refugee Committee.
Agreed to. The election of thirty children was then
proceeded with, the number of candidates being 144.
The following are the names of the successful candi-
dates, with the numbers polled by each. Girls—Lam-
prey, 10,351; Danks, 8,816; Brightwell, 8,415; Morris,
8,272 ; Davis, 7,961 ; Reece, 7,501 ; Callaway, 7,475;
Gain,7,468; Haynes, 7,466; O'Neill, 7,415; Stone, 7,281;
Clarke, 7,140; Cluff, 7,091. Boys—Marten, 8,435;
Wallis, 8,142; Johnston, 3,134; Stevens, 8,044; Sharp,
7,959; Mills, 7,956; Prichard, 7,922; Turner, 7,748;
Allen, 7,577; Scott, 7,398; Gunson, 7,347; Wiggins,
7,280; Tizmur, 7,160; Hopwood, 7,083; Arnold, 6,995;
Wink, 6,923; Smith, 6,786

, - -
ABUSER IN THE INAVY.--The new Lord of the
Admiralty has been, for the long period of 27 years, re-
presentative of Portsmouth in Parliament, and there
can be no doubt that he will be again returned for that
borough. This of itself is sufficient to show that he
must know more about ships and d.)cicyards than most
of his immediate predecessor.v. lie was recently one of
the select c ommittec appointed to overhaul the estimates
of the three great military branches of the public ser-
vice. While joining in all the propositions for economy
wherever it was practicable, he would not assent to
cripple the amount of warlike materials in the public
stores; and we are pretty certain that all the old officers
uf the navy will do honour to his name, as one of those
who resisted the attempt to abridge the hard earned pro-
motion of the senior ranks. With regard to the labours
of the committee, we mu-t repeat, that it is not the
personnel or materiel—neither the officers and seaman,
nor the hemp, tar, and timber in the dockyards and
stores, that created the excess in the estimates, but the
fancy building and tinkering of ships. They were con-
structed on some beau ideal, and when taken to sea were
inefficient in some point or other. The word then—
different from the commands in the steamer, " Stop
her," " East* her," &c.—was, "Lengthen her," "Shorten
her;" " Cut down her masts," " Give her more ballast."
Iron steamers were built, and then it was discovered that
shot would knock them to pieces like crockery-ware;
frigates were cut down to be steam-tubs; with other fan-
tastic tricks. There being no specific remedy. for a
ship rocking like a cradle, when one was proved to be in
that dilemma she was sent to " sleep on her shadow" in
Perchester Lake or Ilamoaze All these alterations
were put down as " repairs," and a pretty penny they
cost. The money laid out in these experiments in the
I ist two or three years would have kept 10,000 able
seamen in constant employ.—Naval eS Military Gazette.
TII E C ASTLEREAG II L ETTERS. —The third and
fourth volumes of this important work, completing the
Irish Rebellion and the Union, are just published. The
most valuable contribution to modern history that we
know of is to be found in the Memoirs and Correspon-
dence of Lard Castlereagh. They are indeed invaluable
records of facts, and without them it is impossible tor
any man to say that up to this moment he has had the
opportunity of knowing the real history of the Irish Re-
bell on, or the arrangement,. for a Union. The great value
of the work is the correspondence—the letters which
passed between Lord Castlereagh and others at the very
hich limethteheg; raetLr were
andi
passing. in
many
In h
instancest e awful,se
documentsevents a
, to
l
is unreservedly exposed. There have been assertions
and suspicious on one side—here are the statements and
facts on the other. Full justice never was done, and
never could be done, to the acts as well as the motives of
1,,,rd Castlereagh, but by a publication such as now lies
before us. The more widely these volumes are circu-
lated, the more certainly will truth be vindicated, false-
hood exposed, and calumny refuted.-111orning Herald.
DlScovEtty OF A RoSIAN POTTERY.—The opera-
tions at Sunderland New Docks proceed apace, and the
water, it is expected, will be admitted at an early date
in February. When there is 14 feet at the tide gauge,
there will be 22 feet of water at the dock entrance from
the river. During the excavation of this part of the
etwhaaesstml
BRITISHpe I:eaassne
works, a singular discovery was made. Under the site
osmrouttfoi'bisnglx,erlme old houses on the pier quay was found what an-
tiquarians pronounced to be remains of an ancient Ro-
man pottery. About 8 feet below the surface appeared
a circle, about 25 feet diameter, hewn out of the lime-
iwernoid,ciiclncigi, . In the interior of this was a circle of small
stones,he
al
aidny,
apparently. arrNa
enagre arrangement tepelbeen
e erected
rwe resemblingcatsedi.ofuaonrgdti
eocirpuuharonprtosi
quantity
h
s
o
y
d
presented te eaecdnnootLe the
er)t
EaGSmsoEuupTFisdA
3ifrpLolEaEarAin,
UNIVERSALss
Nooeur
about
.13. f
ot dt, f andoaN
rc
footr perfect
yellowi
common
st
hf,length,nes oprt another,
air
rme
ye ,
theeedt
nrha
specimens
Antiquarian;
ware
nsee Romano
perfect
nteea
under part
ti p
oarunr oent Itgebil
bottles,nane Society
earthenware,ne
adglNl.vglobular.
bpNnnueeeelecawkt
of
to
Government
Pills,nr
mo MEDICINE._ Ae npa t
m,
uLO
puo
n t
0-s
Jl)Laotinat.ip—apreMya,rosln.
Blt4sii3a,latf'osrt
to 115,000/. Such an amount would give 18,400,000 of
stamps at lid. each, and there being 45 pills in the small
boxes, would give the number of pills 828,000,000 (eight
hundred and twenty-eight millions). Besides the above,
200 of " family packets," each containing 600 pills,
have been sent annually for the last twelve years to the
Exeter Ifygeian Dispensary, to be given to the poor,
which amounts to 1,500,000 more of such
facts, can any one doubt that llygeists have had more
practical expAtience in a system of good vegetable pur-
gation than all the doctors in the world put together,
who by ever changing their medicines and poisons do
not really know the effects of any of them. It is only
by an accumulation of facts that truth in medicine can
be ascertained.—British College of Health, New-road,
London. Jan. 16, 1849.
[ADVERTISEMENT.]—DEAFNESS AND DEFECTIVE VI-
SION.-39, Albemarie-street, Piccadilly. Newly invented Spec-
tacles, Powerful Telescopes, Opera and Race Glasses, Micros-
copes, &e.—Patronised by their Majesties the Queen Dowager and
the King of Hanover, their Graces the Duchess of Hamilton, the
Dowager Duchess of Bedford, the Archbishops of Canter-
bury, York, and Dublin, the Dukes of Devonshire, Norfolk, Ar-
gyle, Marlborough and Manchester, Bishops of Exeter, Lincoln,
Cork, Kilmore, and Kildare. 3lessrs. S. and B. Solomons, Oculists
and Opticians, have invented Spectacle Lenses upon a new construc-
tion. Immediately they are placed betors imperfect vision, either by
day or candlelight, that mist and dulness which appear before the
eyes is at once removed, every object becomes clear and distinct, so
that the most aged defective sight becomes bright and brilliant, and
is brought to its youthful, natural, and original state. Also the most
powerful Achromatic Telescopes, Opera Glasses, and Microscopes.
Invisible, and all kinds of Acoustic Instruments, for relief of the
most extreme deafness. Caution—Messrs: S. and B. Solomons,
Opticians and Aftrists, are not connected with a person putting up
the .same name in their immediate neighbourhood. To prevent
is' takes, be cautious and observe—to be had at 39, Albemarle-
street,in Piccadilly, opposite the York Hotel.

CITY COMMISSION OF SEWERS.
Yesterday the first meeting of the Commissioners of
Sewers
aewrleiarms eoeft.,
the chair. theto o k
placecity o f
at
Guildhall; London under
Sirthe
rn.etwauAricet
in
The meeting was very numerously attended, much in-
tere3t having been excited by the appointment of the
various officers of the court, the general business con-
nected with the sanity regulations, and the reports of
Mr. Simon, the City medical officer, and others rel sting
to the necessary arrangements to be made to meet future
emergencies.
Mr. Deputy ALLA3I moved—" That Mr. Deputy
Peacock, who had so long distinguished himself as the
indefatigable chairman s,f the commission, and made
such exertion to It the new Bill, should be re-elected
to the chair for one year."
Mr. SELSON seconded the motion; which was carried
unanimously.
The inspectors and messengers were also reappointed.
SANITARY MATTERS.
Mr. PRIOR then proposed—" That Mr. Simon be
elected to the otlice of Officer of Health of the city of
London, under the new Bill," and said that the selection
of that gentleman before the Bill came into operation
reflected honour upon the corporation, as his zeal and
energy were proportioned to his skill, which was equal
to that of any man in the profession.—(Hear, hear.)
Mr. OBBARD seconded the proposition.
Mr. STACEY said the Court ought to pause a little as
they were not yet aware of the distinct duties which the
medical officer would have to perform, and the amount
of remuneration ho was to receive. As soon as such
matters were settled, it would be proper to proceed to
the appointment, but not till then.—(Hear, hear.)
Mr. WILLIAMS (of Ferringdon ward) was of opinion
that the whole medical staff of the City unions should be
connected with the sanitary regulations. That staff con-
sisted of 11 men of great professional experience, and
qualified to act for the benefit of London in any emer-
gency. They visited all the parts of the City in which
disease was likely to exist, and he should wish to see
them occupy the place which had been marked out for
Mr. Simon, who could not act in so extensive an arena
without the assistance of the commissioners themselves,
or of those men whose high capabilities could be brought
to bear effectively upon any dangerous epidemic, how-
ever general. He considered it to be his duty to move
" that the 11 medical gentlemen who acted for the
unions should have amongst them the 5001. a year which
he believed it had been the intention to vote to Mr.
Simon." He knew they were prepared to act. Mr.
Williams altered the form of his motion by moving
"that a committee be appointed to consider the duties,
&c., of the Medical Officer, &c.
Mr. ELLIOTT seconded the motion.
Some question having arisen as to the nature of the
duties of the office,
The CHAIRMAN said, the Act gave no definition of the
duties, but Mr. Simon was ready to state what he thought
his duties ought to be, and what assistance he ought to
have. As for remuneration, that seemed to form no
part of his case.
After a few words from Mr. Deputy Stevens, Mr.
Eagleton, Mr. Perkins, and others, who spoke is terms
of high praise of Mr. Simon, the question was put, and
Mr. Simon was immediately elected, by a vast majority,
for one year, as medical officer of the city of London.
Mr. Deputy Hannesoer then moved, in accordance
with the wish of the Court of Common Council, the ap-
pointment of twelve members, together with the
health.chair-
he
sa i d The
appliedele vteon
bmedical
ornffianne,rtsooarctthaescaniboonasrdhaodf,
medical officers of the city of London, with 501. a year
each. He now hoped the Commissioners would not see
any occasion for such appointments, and that the board
of guardians would take care to supply Mr. Simon with
all the information which that gentleman should consider
necessary for him to obtain iu performing the duties of
his office.—(Hear, hear.)
Mr. Pima seconded the motion; which was carried
unanimously.
Mr. Simon was then introduced to the Court, and in--
formed that he had been just elected to the office under
the new Act.
The new City Medical Officer then rose, and read a
long and interesting report respecting the present rate
of mortality in the City (which he estimates at about 28
per 1,000 per annum of the population), the defective
sanitary arrangements of certain districts (particularly
the courts which lie between Snow-hill and West-street,
Smithfield; those which open into Long-lane, and, worst
of all, those a hich lie about Moor lane, Milton-street,
Whitecross-street, and Golden-lane, in the ward of
Cripplegate); and the sanitary clauses of the new Act,
by the enforcement of which he considers that the
Commissioners had within their control as good an
antidote for the spread of fever as vaccination is for
the infection of small-pox. With respect to the
80th clause, which legelizsd his own appointment
and assigned his duties, Mr. Simon solicited the at-
tention of the Commissioners to the very serious diffi-
culty which must attend all sanitary progress in the city,
unless in the very first instance a perfect spirit of co-
operation was established among the various authorities
who are interested in that progress. Reference to the
clause in question (he said) will show that it must often
be the duty of the officer of health to suggest measures
for the improvement of the general condition of the
poorer classes, or for the relief' of some temporary pres-
sure of disease, or for the arrest of infection, and
although the indulgence of this Court might perhaps be
so far extended as to allow him to broach such topics
in that place, yet it was obvious that his doing so
would often lead to inconvenience, and seldom to advan-
tage. Cases might often occur (and, indeed, are now oc-
curring) in which clause 80 contemplated and required
the interference of the officer of health ; but in respect
of which the clause omits to indicate with what authority
or by whose intervention he can act. In all those large
and, important works which do so much towards
annihilating the physical causes of disease, in all
which relates to the drainage and purification of
the city, that Honourable Court was quite absolute; but
for what relates to the personal circumstances of the
sufferers, or the measures that may be requisite for
their relief, the Court has declined to provide in its Act
of Parliament. Most of the cases to which he alluded
to were within the jurisdiction of the guardians of the
poor, and he would respectfully
beg the Hon. Commis-
sioners to instruct him how, in such cases, they would wish
him to proceed. In the event of a board of health being
formed as a body, with which he might habitually act,
it would no doubt be within the power and discretion of
the Commissioners, sad would beir
norrfanignefininietnetscould advantagehe
to the dispatch of
made to avoid those conflicts of jurisdiction which might
at some most critical moment render his best endeavours
ineffectual. Meanwhile, if that Hon. Court should be
pleased to sanction it, he would propose that a formal
notification of his appointment should be conveyed to
ihe several boards of' guardians, and that he should be
permitted to add to this notification that, in the event of
occasion requiring it, he should (according to the spirit
of the clause referred to) consider himself bound, and at
the same time authorized by that Hon. Court, to co-ope-
rate, to Isis best ability, in such sanitary movements as
the guardians might originate."
Upon the motion " that the statement be printed and
circulated," it was objected by some members that alarm
might be excited by the dissemination of the truths con-
tained in it; but it was almost unanimously agreed to
that the sooner so important a document met the public
eye the better; and the motion was carried by accla-
mation.
Papers from the several City unions were referred to
the Board of Health.
The following communication was sent in to the
Court, and referred to the Committee of the Board of
Health:—

" Old Jewry, Jan. 10, 1849.
" Gentlemen,—ln anticipation of the beneficial powers
with which you are now invested for the preservation of
the health and comfort of the inhabitants of the City,
and desirous of aiding this great work, I have caused
diligent inquiry to be made upon the various
,matters to
which the Act entitled ' City of London Sewers Act,
1848,' especially refers.
"It would be difficult to suggest reasons more potent
in favour of this measure, or rather for the necessity of
it, than the returns I have now the honour to bring under
your notice, which you will perceive are made in dis-
tricts corresponding with the police divisions. These
returns embrace nearly 200 cases, many of them of long
standing and of aggravated character, and all deserving
of attention."
Though these returns are the result of considerable
labour and perseverance, they must not be regarded as
complete, and still less must their value be determined
by this preliminary representation of public and private
nuisances.

" To give efficiency to this law by realising the bene-
ficial objects contemplated by it, I Ventura to repeat
what I have before urged, the extreme desirableness of
having periodical returns, not less frequent than
monthly, of a similar character to the present, not only
whichp,,iiitiifgoutobjectsm
deservereediesh
attention,aveb
but also to
report whether efficienteen
applied ;
and I submit there is no medium by which those objects
can be so effectually and economically obtained as
through the agency of th 3 police.
" A 3 an illustration of my views upon this subject I
beg to direct your attention to a letter I had the honour
to address to your board on the 17th of April last, in
which you will find the following remarks, and which
appear to me to be still more appropriate now that you
are armed with every requisite authority.
the LTrrhoew andstrt eof
moreour
fi streetsned
generally,
alleys, and courts
is very unsatisfactory', and calls for daily supervision,
e onstreets,
which none could so i fficiently give as the police. That
it would cast serious additional duties on the police
establishment is obvious, but this ought to be no con-
sideration when the public health and convenience are
concerned.'

the great
espnivniogus centrali-
sation, were my recorded views in 1844, and I adhere
to the conviction ft- at, under the sanction and with the
ettolerdciailtycoor-oLpe)rnadtoi(n)nmoigfhtthebeCormlamceids:i,i)nnearsll of Sewers,
elements of health and comfort, in a condition that
would have no parallel in any other city, ancient or
modern, and place the Commissioners of Sewers of the
sCaittilo'nof!
aLnodndthoien
üb::gyeonnid,rotuhse
i
presentation. irrei fal ue lelnocfe grasping

" The principle I propose to establish is that of sleep-
less superintendence over the various departments of