The Sun.
London, England, 1849-04-30 00:00:00

on the State debts shall in future be paid in cash, and not
i❑ selling notes without any deductions except the State
tax.

Another law has been passed, appointing the taxes on
collateral inheritances on charters of banks and railroad
companies to the annual purchase of the State debt.
From these sources about 250,000 dollars annually is ex-
pected to accrue, and will be invested accordingly.
The following were the current rates of United States
securities at the:dates mentioned:—United States Sixes
of '3B, March let, 113; March 15th, 112; March 31st,
110; April 16th, 111; Treasury notes, 1104, 1091, 107,1,
1081; Pennsylvania, 801, 80i, 78k, 81k; Ohio
Sixes, 1031, 1031, 103 i, 1044; Kentucky Sixes, 1021,
1021; Reading bonds, 50, 53, 53, 52; Bills on London,
1071, 1071, 1061 to 1071, 103 to 1061, 106 to 1061.
Cotton—On the 6th inst. the telegraphic advices by
the Niagara were received. The decline by this packet
was not greater than was looked for, but as it began to
appear doubtful whether the peace of the continent
would be preserved, the business on that and the suc-
ceeding day was almost nominal.
The letters which were received on the 9th instant,
confirming this idea, had the effect of causing a decline
of nearly lof a cent., at which 1,600 bales were dis-
posed of.
On Tuesday the sales were 1,500 bales, and on Wed-
nesday 2,000 bales, prices each day slightly lower.
One farthing was the currency paid for freight to
Liverpool to day. On Thursthy 1,000 bales, Friday
2,000 bales, and Saturday 1,500 bales, without further
change in prices, the market assuming a more regular
character toe ads the close of the week. Nearly the
whole of this business was for exportation, and the bulk
of it for the coatinent.

Yesterday the sales were 1,000 bales, with a languid
market.

The quotations are for middling, 6/Ito 6i- for uplands;
and 64 to 7 for Orleans fair; 7i to 7i; for uplands, 7e.
—for Mobile and Orleans.
Freight id. per lb. to Liverpool; 4c. to Flavre. The
receipt of cotton during the last two weeks have been
larger than in any former year, excepting the year
1840, when the crop ran 200,000 or 300,000 bales be-
yond the estimate.

- The Courier and Inquirer says, we are tired of being
deluded by representations of probable falling oft We
will not believe again until we see, and we verily expect
the excesses in receipts, compared with 1848, to be about
as large three weeks hence as it is now, telling that the
receipts of the three weeks last year were only 143,000
bales.

Thus we may be right up to 2,400,000 bales before we
have a symptom to exhibit of any probable accuracy in
the opinion we have given, that this crop will not mate-
rially exceed 2,600,000 bales, &c. -
Flour—The continued dulness in the market has occa-
sioned a further decl,:ne of 37i to 50 cents per barrel on
the lower deticriptions since the sailing of the Canada
on the 4th. The better kinds, being less plentiful and
more in &mend, have been less affected. At the close
of yesterday there was a better feeling, and holders
were more firm, but the enhanced rate for freight had
checks d the export demand.
The exports from the 27th of March to the 10th of
April to Great Britain and Ireland from this port were
5,700 barrels of flour, 962 barrels corn meal, and 234,577
bushels Indian corn.

Provision—The market is inactive. bless pork Is held
at 10 dolls. 25c. to 10 dolls. 370 , sad prime at 8 dolls..
50c. Beef sells in small lots at 11 dolls. 50e. to 12
dolls. 50c. for country and city best mess, and 7 dolls.
75e. to 8 dolls. 50c. for prime; Ohio lard 6i dolls. to
61 dolls.
Ashes—Pots command 7 dolls. per 100 lb. The are
scarce, and in demand. Pearls are steady at 7.
Freights—Rates of freight are, to Liverpool for cotton
in square bales, 4d., and in round 11. per lb.; flour,
2/. per barrel; grain in bulk, 6d. to 7d. per bushel for
corn and wheat respectively—to London, 2s. to 2s. ld.
2s. 2d., and 21. 3d. per barrel for flour, and other ar-
ticles in proportion. To Havre—cotton - cents. per lb.

IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT.

(THIS EVENING.)

HOUSE OF LORDS.
The LOUD CHANCELLOR took his seat upon the Woo:
sack at Five o'clock.

The Earl of EGLINTON presented a petition from
Ayr against railway travelling on Sundays.
The Bishop of CASIt EL presented !several petitions in
favour of a grant to the Church Education Society in
Ireland.
ALLEGED PILLAGE OF WORKS OF ART IN

ITALY.
Lord BROUGHAM said that it had been reported
that the Minister of Finance of the de facto Govern-
ment of Rome, had departed with the cameos of the
Vatican, and the medals, and coins, and MSS., for the
purpose of raising money on them in Paris and Lon-
don ; and he hoped that the public notice thus
given would have the effect of putting all intended pur-
chesers on their guard against purchasing these stolen
good..

After a few words from a NOBLE PEER,
Lord BROUGHAM said that it was not Mozzini, but
Mazzoni, who was Minister of Finance. Mazzini was
Minister of Police, and as such ought to have protected
his (Lord Brougham's) excellent friend Count Rossi
from assassination, which he did not do.
Lord BEAUMONT said his Noble Friend was wrong
in his second assertion. At the time of the murd, rof
Count R,,ssi Mazzini was not at Rome, he was not a
Roman Minister, he was not even a Roman citizen; he
was at the time these events took place at L ghorn.
Lord BROUGHAM explained.
NAVIGATION-LAWS.

Lord STANLEY presented several petitions against
the repeal of the navigation-laws, among them one from
Liverpool, signed by 47,000 persons.
The Earl of LONSDALE presented some petitions
with a similar prayer.
The Marquis of SALISBURY presented some peti-
tions with a similar prayer.
liil~llwAYS BILL.
On the motion of the Earl of ST. GERMANS, this
Bill was read a second time.

TURNPIKE TRUSTS UNION BILL.
Lord REDESDALE moved the second reading o
this Bill.—Agreed to.
The Bill w•as then ordered to be referred to a Select
Committtee.

RAILWAYS.
Lord BROUGHAM gave notice of motion for to-
morrow for certain returns relating to railways.
Lord 31ONTEAGLE thought that their Lordships
cught not to suffer any railway Bills to pass until they
had decided whether or not they ought to have public
auditors of railway accounts.
Lord BROUGHAM considered some such measure
absolutely rhcessary.
After a few words from the Earl of G RANTILLE and
Lord W HAIINCLIFFE, the subject dropped.

AUDI TING OF RAILWAY ACCOUNTS.
Mr. WY LD inquired whether the Government in-
tended to take any measures for ensuring a better
auditing ref railway accounts. By the 9th Victoria,
chap. 16, it was decreed that fourteen clear days were
to be allc.wed for the notice for the auditing of the ac
counts. b ut in the case of the Eestern Counties he had good
reason to believe that the auditing had not taken place
until after the fourteenth day. The report stated then
. that. although the accounts had been audited, it wns ne-
cessary to call in a professional accountant to investigate
them. What then he wished to know was, whe-
ther there was any intention on the part of the Govern-
ment to take measures for the better regulation of ral-
way affairs.
Mr. LABOUCHERE said that the House was aware
that during the last session he had introduced a measure
which had for its object the better government of railway
affairs, but the House, as he thought most unfortunately,
had taken a different view from himself of the na-
_tura of railway interests, and had rejected his Bill. But
tb a House was also probably aware that a Committee of
Qie House of Lords had for some time been sitting for
the consideration of this subject, and he fully expected
that a measure would emanate from them to ensure a
proper investigation of railway accounts. Should that
not be the case he should certainly feel it his duty to
bring in a measure to ensure that object.
EVICTION OF TENANTRY IN IRELAND.
In reply to Mr. J. O'CONNELL, inquiring whether
the return ordered 19th February, 1849, respecting
notices of eviction of tenantry to be given to relieving
officers of poor-law unions in Ireland, he made forthwith,
and that such return shall state the number of indivi-
duals evicted in each case, and all other particulars of
said notices, was in the hands of the Government?
Sir W. SOMERVILLE replied that he had not yet
received them.
POOR-LAW (IRELAND) RATE IN AID.
On the motion for the third reading of this Bill,
Captain JONES moved that it be read a third time
that day six months.
Sir J. WALSH considered that the measure would be
as pernicious in its tendency as it was insufficient
in its provisions. He would not enter at any
length into those statistical details which would clearly
prove the utter inefficiency and inadequacy of the rate
which it was intended t 3 raise, and which, in conse-
quence of the principle that it involved, was so repug-
nant to the feelings, common sense, and justice
of the people of Ireland, who were struggling against
the distress and difficulties of the times, and who were
scarcely able to support themselves. Neither would he,
at any length, press upon the attention of the House
that most painful consideration which naturally at-
tached to this measure its unavoidable tendency
to alienate the affections of the most loyal
portion of the population of that country.
This measure had been forced upon the House against
their conviction, and the most strenuous opposition of
the majority of the Irish Members composed of men of
every shade and complexion of political feeling ;
and it was forced on them under the idea that
England was to acquire some undefined benefit from
throwing on Ireland the maintenance of its
own poor. That did appear to him to be a
state of things, an exercise of power on the part of that
House which must necessarily furnish a strong argument
to those persons who bad disturbed the peace of that
country, and who had alienated the feelings of the people
of Ireland from this country in reference to the Union.
After all the melancholy details which had been laid be-
fore the House of the lamentable distress in the unions
of the south and west of Ireland, he still did entertain
very considerable doubts as to the urgent necessity
which bad been so strongly pressed upon the House,
and which was in fact the sole argument with which her
Majesty's Ministers had met the opposition to this mea-
sure. He did acknowledge that great and lamentable
and very general distress did prevail in those districts
in Ireland; he did not deny the failure of the potato
crop, which was the staple food of the people, had
created a very lamentable degree of distress in that
country; but they were now giving out-door relief with-
out accompanying it with any practical test whatever of
the destitution of the recipients; they were thus
opening the door to every species of abuse. It was
impossible not to feel the greatest conviction that side by
side, pari passe, to the vast amount of real distress,
destitution, and poverty in that country, there wets at
the same time on all sides, in every one of those union?, 1
a vast amount of fraud and imposture, to which
their present system applied no adequate corree •
tire whatever. Wherever out-door relief had
been applied, they found the workhouse test
had failed in consequence of the number of occu-
pants, that the gates were thrown open, and that the
whole population were thrown upon the rates, who
might perfectly %ell maintain themselves, and
the consequence was, that the whole machi-
nery which they had devised had entirely broken down.
Another reason which gave him grounds to think that
a Letter administration of the poor-law would be effi-
cacious, was the remarkable contrast that existed be•
tween the state of the different districts of Ireland,
though apparently under and affected by the same cir-
cumstances. It bad been shown to the Committee that
had sat upon this subject that a great difference existed
between Donegal and Clare—indeed, there was a mate-
rial difference between the condition of unions in Donegal,
affected by the same circumstances, though they were
side by side. One union in Donegal had been frequently
mentioned. It was affected like its neighbours, yet it had
been able to go on with out-door relict; whilst its neigh-
bours had been drawn into the vortex. These and other
things bad confirmed him in his opinion, that it was
most unwise to apply to such a country as Ireland so
limited a poor-law. lie blamed the systcm of appoint-
ing vice-guardians to manage the affairs of a union, be-
cause they were not vets, d in the multifarious duties
they were called upon to discharge. Ireland was just
one of those cases to which they must apply exceptional
deeds; whatever was applicable to ordinary affairs was
not applicable to Ireland.
Lord CASTLEREAGH regretted that he was not in
the House in time to move that this measure should be
read a third time that day six months. He thought the
Government had placed Ron. Members in an unfair po-
sition, for it had reduced them to the alters alive
of either submitting to the provisions cf this Bill, or
the obnoxious impost of an income tax. The ;Noble
Lord then proceeded to quote from a number of returns,
with the view of showing that Ireland was at present
overtaxed, and could bear neither the burden of ae
income .tax nor a rate in aid.—(Hear, hear.)
Clare has repaid Is. lop. in the loan to Government ;
and yet with all that imposition, the county had suf-
fered a rate of 14s. Bd. in the pound. In Mayo the
rates were 17s. ;in Kerry they were 15s. 61. ;in
Galway, 15s. 61d. ; and in Limerick, 15s. id. Now in
all these statements he had dot pressed at all upon the
resources of the country ; he bad simply pointed out
the diffl2ulties which were ikely to accrue from
the course which they were pursuing. Did
they want new reasons, let them look to
the north of Ireland. What was the case there?
In Belfast the poor-rate was 20s. ad. in the pound. In
Roscommon it was 20s. in the pound. He sup-
pled therefore that if they had another value
tion, there would be the same evils, only with
the exception that they would be largely enhanced.
He had only one other observation to make, and he
would address himself to the English and Irish Mem-
bers of the House, and when he spoke of Irish Members
he could not fail to remark that very few of them had
assisted in these debates.—(Hear, hear.) He did not
know where they had gone, or v:bat they were about, but
certainly, very few of them had appeared in those de-
bates.—(flear, hear.) lie would ask, were they dis•
posed to act upon the strict principles of justice ?
(Hear, hear.) Or were they determined to push for the
pound of flesh where there was no flesh, or to draw from
the spring where there was no water.—(Hear, hear.) If
they were, the responsibility would be upon them. He
would not venture to talk to the [louse of Commons in
a tone which was disrespectful, but he would remind the
Ministry that there was such a thing as rashness in un-
dertaking that which might be incompatible to
the national charaeter.—(Hear, hear.) He would
remind them that there was such an aphorism
which, if freely rendered, and he might cite, said " that
angels fear to tread where cowards yet rush in." He
did not mean, far be it from him, to impute such a sup-
position to men like her Majesty's Ministers ; he did not
mean to impute to them anything like inconsideration or
imprudence. If their foreign relations ware not so
satisfactory, and their colonial policy was in diffi-
culty, in what position would they be in if, when
they imposed further taxes upon an unwilling and over-
burdened people? Ireland was prepared to pour out its
heart's blood for the weal of the nation—it was prepared to
do that which had taken place upon the plains of Belgium,
the valleys of Spain, the shores of China, and more re-
cently on the distant banks of the Hydasps.
Lord J. RUSSELL said he had risen in consequence
of the distressing accounts which had been received from
Ireland, and to reply to some observations which had
been made by the Honourable Member for Montrose.
The sum of 50,000/. was now entirely exhausted; and
the accounts from the Poor-law Commissioners re-
presented that the destitution was increasing. With
those accounts before them, and considering that if even
the House agreed to the third ;reading this evening
some time must elapse before the Bill could be taken into
the consideration of the other House of Parliament, hedid
not think that the House would be justified in placing
any limit on the sum previously agreed to be advanced,
but to issue such a sum as they might find, from the ac-
counts which they received, would be absolutely neces-
sary to mitigate and prevent the destitu-
tion which prevails. With regard to the
latter part of the Noble Lord's speech,
threatening them with the effects that that rate in aid
would produce in Ireland, he (Lord J. Russell) should
not be alarmed, because he had happeded to receive a
letter from Lord Londonderry—(Hear, hear)—that his
tenantry in Ireland would offer no resistance to the mea-
sure, in the event of its passing into a law.
Lord CASTLEREAGII—No,
for they will all be
gone to America.
Lord JOHN RUSSELL—Then their resistance would
net be very formidable.—(Laughter.) He would now
ask the House to agree to the grants of 6,0001. to relieve
the distress in Ireland, the money that was in hand for
that purpose having been exhausted.
a right to see t
no security.
Mr. BANK Sa
tsaid
there
ee
was
a
mo hadlwy
that was asked, but they found there was
the. money
e
There was no security for the payment oft ony
even at a distant period, but it was anearly paymentth
nheare.3
security for
He thought the Irish Members should give__
remembered which
they
thheadexiagenriclehst oftoEngilsooodk..—t(oHweahre,
Mr. B. COCHRANE said all the measures
otheeoesrseapra3?tmoemnatkoef. the advances that it would now be
of the Government of Ireland had proved to
be empty and scanty measures. He had not
-seen any large and comprehensive measures
brought forward. When the vote of 10,000,000/. was
proposed, he said it 1W33 fallacious, becalm the sinews