The Sun.
London, England, 1831-07-02 00:00:00

passes through out country to the sea. In consequence
of the union with Belgium, all our establishments
were constructed on too expensive a scale, and far
shove our means, and quite different from our former
'Banners ; for 'nstanee, the naming many of our civilians
and merchants Knights of the Order of the Lion, in the
-yes of the great body of the nation, was quite ridiculous.
This may be very proper fur military men, but whet has a
tuibicconist or oil•merchant to do with the Order of the
Lion? If they are rich, that affords them sufficient
sources of pleasure, and if peer, it makes their poverty
more conspicuous ; thrt, it is against our national
character, and lia had the evil effect of creating a very
unnationftl haughtiness amongst us by one set, and
towards them by others, and more especially by the Bel-
gians. God grant that the negociat►ons in London may
soon terminate favourably, and relieve our anxieties and
extraordinary war texpenses. Our capitalists have a very
poor opinion of our Finance Minister's plans. They say,
very properly, what reaso❑ is there to expect a ci-devant
Advocate should understand the practical difficulties of
finance in a country such as ours, loaded with a complex
rational debt ?"

POLISH QUESTION.

(From the Morning Chronicle j
To the real state of the Polish question I must now
beg your best attention. It is very important that the
public mind should not he deceived by the statements
which will soon be put forth by the lovers of peace at all
prices, and that the public should be enlightened as to the
real position of affairs. Well, then, a courier has arrived
from St. Petersburgh. He left that city on the 15th of
this month, embarked in the steam-boat for Lubeck, where
he arrived on the 19th, performed quarantine for two days,
and then set off for Paris, where he arrived on Monday
evening last. He is said by the French Government to
he the " bearer of en answer to the application made by it
with a view to stop the further effusion of blood in Poland,
and it adds, there is every reason to hope, that this import-.
ant negocietion will produce results equally favourable to
good policy and humanity." This sounds very well, and does
not look bad upon paper : but I must tell you a little
more than this, to prevent deception. It is perfectly true
that a courier has arrived, and that he is the bearer of
despatches which speak of neeociations—of the willingness
of the Erntret-or to listen to proposals—and of his wish to
stop the effusion of blood ; but the Emperor has a preli-
! urinary condition, which is this, that the Decree of the
Diet of Poland pronouncing the decheance of the Emperor
shall be recalled ! To which I reply never! No, no,
believe me, Sir, the Poles will never recall that decision.
The Emperor Nicholas will never again be treated with
as King of Poland. No acknowledgment will ever be
made of rights which he does not possess. If he shall
I ver possess any, they must be those of a conqueror—but
he must conquer first—and conquer he will never.
Now M. Casimir Perier and his peace at all prices ad-
herent., call this reply of the Emperor favourable, and
express their hopes that the Poles will make concessions !
They will make none whatever. They have none to
make. They will return to Russia all her prisoners on
condition of having an exchange. They wi I cease to
attack the Russian army when the former shall hoist a
signal of retreat. But they will not be traitors to the
Lithuanian's, or to Volhynia, to Podolia, or the Ukraine,
nor for the sake of pleasing French re ntiers, and English
stock jobbers, consent to sacrifice their political existence
and independence to preserve peace.
There was a day when Poland offered terms. But Russia
refused them. There was a day when Poland asked for
French intercession, but Sebastiani refused to interfere.
There was a day when the Poles offered to make sonic
concessions, but Louis Philip referred them to the Empe.
ror. lam stating facts now, and not giring opinions.
But those days are gone by. Louis Philip at length sent
a timid, nervous despatch to the Emperor Nicholas. It
was received with a smile and sneer—with civility and a
laugh—and the substance of the reply is this, " Let the
Poles retract the decree which banishes me from the
Throne of Poland, and then I will negociate." The an-
swer of Poland will be—Never! You may swear to this.
In order that you may yet further comprehend the po-
sition of the Polish question, I will add yet another
word, because it is of importance. Poland has for
some months been imploring the aid of Great Blitain,
France, Austria, and Prussia. All have refused her.
" Submit to the Emperor," was the reply, and then
we will obtain "an amnesty and a Constitution."
This advice was rejected with firmness, not to say in-
dignation. The Poles thus left to their own fate, and to
their own energies, resolved on aiding the Revolutions in
those provinces of Russia which belonged in ancient Poland
at former periods of her history, but which had long since
been separated from her. This was bold, hazardous, and
almost desperate. But the attempt has succeeded, and
Lithuania is in full revolt. When the French Govern-
ment saw this, it wished to make a virtue of necessity, and
sent the courier to St. Petetsburgh who has just returned.
And now M. Perier and his Aide-de-Camp Sehastiani really
imagine that the Poles will withdraw their troops from
Lithuania, will refuse to aid those who have ri,en to
save them from destruction, and will be satisfied with
receiving from St. Petereburgh a general amnesty, a
Constitution, and a new Governor for the Duchy of
Warsaw. This is the sort of negociation which M.
Perier would commence, and he will call the Poles
" Madmen," " Fools'," " Brigands," and ao forth, if
they do not accede to his request. " If! ! ! they
do not accede," do I say ? No, no—there is no
" if " in the question, " because they will not accede to
his request." Time was that the Revolution in Poland
might have been terminated by the independence of the
Grand Duchy of Warsaw—hut that time is gone by, and
now the power of Russia must lie humbled to the dust by
the erection of a large, independent, and formidable king-
dom of Poland. I pray you, then, do not ask the Poles
to make concessions ; for they ought not, dare not, cannot,
and will Rot make any.
The Moniteur of to-day contains a little comfort for
the timid, and a little consolation for the Bourse. It is
in the form of a Ministerial announcement as to Belgium.
The article is as follows :—" M. Casimir Perier, junior,
son of the President of the Council, has arrived from Lon-
don at Paris, bringing news which may induce one to be-
lieve in the speedy conclusion of the Belgian affair. The
Belgian Deputation left London at the same time for

Brussels, charged to carry to the Congress conditions,
which, if agreed to by it, as it is to be hoped they will,
will not meet with any objections on the part of Prince
Leopold, or of the Conference of London." As M. Pe-
rier has told us as much as this, he might as well have
told all—especially as to-morrow we shall know the rest

from Brussels. But M. Perier resetnbles a quack doctor.
Ile does not either state the nature of the disorder, or of
the remedy ; but simply says " I will cure you." Faith
is every thing ! as i have heard of " a live spider curing
the ague !" I only hope that the Belgian Congress will
not adopt the Protocol of the 20th January, since, should
it do so, the Congress itself would be overthrown by the
people.

There are several rumours afloat to-day, to which
allude merely that you may have all that is said and
thought. It is said, that on the return of Louis Philip to
Pai is a change will he made in the composition of th•
Mini.try. Soult's system and Perier's system are not the
same. You may be sure of this; and sooner or later
they must split. It is said that the Belgian Government
will a•k for another month's delay to negotiate with the
Kiag of Holland. Jr is said that the Dutch Government
has wi igen to our Government to announce that it will

renew hostilities on the Ist July, if by that time the Bel-
gians shall not have adopted the Protol of 20th January;
and it is albo said, that King William of Holland will not
listen to one word about conceding Luxembourg or Lim-
bourg. I give you these rumours as rumours. Judge
for yourself, I offer no opinion. Your obedient servant,

0. P. Q.

The following letter has been received relative
to the proposed alteration in the Cu,tom duties:—
" Office of Committee of Privy Council for Trade,
Whitehall, June 30, 1831.
" ENTLEMEN,.—I am directed by the Lords of the Committee
of Privy Council for Trade to acknowledge the receipt of your
letter of the 23d instant, respecting the proposed new Customs
Duties Bill, and I am at the same time to acquaint you that, con-
sidering the circumstances under which Parliament has been
assembled, their Lordships do not think it advisable to proceed
with the Bill during the present Session.—l am, tic.
" THOMAS LACK."

Sir ASTLVY COOPER has addressed a letter
to the Secretary of the London Temperance Society, in
which he observes—
" No person has greater hostility to dram-drinking than myself,
insomuch that I never suffer ardent spirits in my house, thinking
them EVIL SPIRITS! and if the poor could witness the white livers,
the dropsies, the shattered nervous systems which I have seen, as
the consequences of drinking, they would be aware that spirit,
and poisons were synonimous terms. But still I think the scheme
so Utopian, that I cannot annex my name to it, for I could as
soon believe that I could, by my own efforts, stop the cataract of
iagara, as prevent the poor of London from destroying them-
helves by intemperance."

PHILOSOPHY IN SPORT.—This book is ad-
,lressed to the young, and its object is to illustrate the
first principle, of natural philosophy, by the aid of popu-
lar toys and sports. Dr. PARIS is the author, and the
volumes are illustrated by the lively and grotesque sketches
of CEORGE CRUIKSH4NK• The present is a new and
improved edition at a much less cost than the first.