The Sun.
London, England, 1825-07-28 00:00:00

PATRIOTISM OF THE CITY OF LIMA.

( Franz an American. Paper.)
A Gentleman, who has spent the last two or
three years in Lima,- and witnessed the various
changes which within that time have taken place
in that capital, has furnished us with some in-
teresting facts from his own observations, cal-
culated to show at once the severe trials to which
the inhabitants have been subjected, and the
spirit which they preserved through them all.—
After the battle of Junin, in which the Spa-
niards suffered the loss of their cavalry, the
most efficient portion of their army in Peru, they
retired to the fortress of Callao, under General
Rodil, and did not pretend to keep any regular
post in Lima. The Patriots in the mean time
were exerting themselves to assemble a heavy
force about Huancayo, and us their course was
on the advance, reports were in circulation, that
they intended speedily to take possession of the
capital. Their appearance was however delayed,
and they contented themselves with keeping the
rumours alive from September till December,
that the Spaniards might be prevented from un-
dertaking any plans of their own. During this
time the city of Lima was left absolutely with-
out any Government whatever, and the state
of things was agitating and distressing to the ex-
treme. Lying between the two hostile armies,
yet at two.great a distance to be commanded by
either, it was frequently occupied for a little time
by small parties from both, which made it re.
peatedly the scene of contest and of bloodshed.
It was for a length of time a matter of frequent
occurrence, to see a body of Spanish or Patriot
troops enter the city in the morning, and after
enjoying undisputed authority for a few hours,
to be suddenly attacked by a larger number of
their enemies, and driven precipitately again into
the country, perhaps to seek a reinforcement and
return to renew the contest. For the citizens,
Who took no share in these frequent and often
bloody skirmishes, this situation of affairs, so long
continued, was productive of a thousand
.trials.
Many of them fled froat the city to seek security.
in more secluded situations ; but thousands, in a
capital of that size, knew not whether to go, or
were totally unable to remove their families or
themselves. There only alternative therefore
was, to shut themselves up in their houses ; for
the. insecurity of walking• in the streets was so
great, that it required no little resolution to ap-
pear even in the day time, and after dusk there
was no such thing as going out. Even these who
were obliged to leave the hooses at mid-day
always armed themselves with swords and
pistols, and before they dare venture into
the street, opened their gates with cau-
tion, and suspiciously reconnoitered the way
in every direction. When two persons met,
who were not personally known to each other,
they eyed each other with distrust; and with one
consent came no nearer than they were compel-
led to do by the narrowness.of the street. Life
seemed the great object otevery one's attention;
and the risks to which they felt themselves ex.
posed made them feel content with this alone.
If a stranger had entered Lima at this time he
would have imagined the city desolate. The
streets were stilt to a melancholy degree, and he
might have supposed it desolated by famine or
the plague. Many of the inhabitants themselves
undoubtedly entertained a
.very imperfect idea
of the number of people remaining with them in
the city: great numbers were known to have
gone, and the few who made their appearance
during these three months induced at least some
to suppose the city almost deserted. A few
persons were now and then to be seen here and
there, appearing at a window or balcony ; but
hundreds and thousands of. families were
closely confined in their houses, with doors
barricaded and arms prepared for a defence
against the attacks of thane lawless bands of sol-
diers who frequently infested the city, and more
than one assassination was usually perpetrated
every night. Petty skirmishes between platoons
of soldiers often rendered it doubly hazardous to
leave the houses, and .the disturbances they
I created with their cries, and the frequent reports
I of their fire-arms, tended to keep the city iu
constant state of anxiety and alarm. The foreign
merchants, whose dwellings and stores naturally
offered the greatest temptations to the lawless,
were particularly watched and guarded ; and by
them, as ardently as by any, the re-eslablislnent
of law and security was looked for with impa-
tience. In December, when the approach of a
strong patriot force had been more confidentil-
repeated, and was anxiously awaited from hour
to hour, a body of their troops made their appear-
ance, reached the city, and entered the gate.—
The news spread like wildfire—The patriots
have come, ran from mouth to mouth, with three
thytn'and men—this is their vanguard, and the
Spaniards have lost Lima for ever ! A small body
of Spanish soldiers, who had been in the
city for several days, had hastened their
retreat as soon as they ascertained the ap-
proach of their enemies, $6 that the parties
• fOuni the gates joyfully thrown open,no one left
, to oppose "their entrance, and the inhabitants
pouring out of their d wettings by thousands to
welcome the it arrival. At any previous time it
WOUld have been difficult to a stranger,to satisfy.

himself as to the actual state of public feeling-
the city of Lima, for while each party was, hY
turns predominant, and the issue of the war rt.
mained doubtful, no one dared express his real
sentiments ; but now, when it was believed that
the Spaniards were never to return, all classes 01
people gave loose to their feelings, and with the
lull persuasion that law and public security had
retu-rned, they unbarred their doors, and poured
out in crowds into the streets, many of them for
the first time in several months, and, pressing 01'
to the great square, welcomed their deliverer 9
with acclamations. The impression of this
scene was singular and affecting. Want and eveo
famine was depicted in the faces of many : and
those who had been so fortunate as to possess the
necessary supplies in their houses, had suffered s°
much from confinement at home and a constant
state of apprehension, that their looks were cads'
verous and their frames emaciated. The meet'
.ing of.friends who had long been separated, the
joyful or distressing news they often had to con"
municate, the exclamations of some and the swoon-
ing of others, through debility or excitement) the,
enthusiastic shouts which rung through the city,ana
from time to time absorbed the whole attention's°
concurred to affect the mind. in an extraordinall,
degree. Only six hundred soldiers had entered
the city ; but this was explained by a report
fifteen hundred had been dispatched to cut 0
the retreat of the Spaniards. The crowd was'
immense ; and the city, which half an hour bed.
fore had appeared deserted by men, was throng°.
with people, apparently more than the houses
could hold. The soldiers were almost bone
from their horses by their embraces, and it was
with difficulty they could proceed. They dIA
not intend to remain within the walls ; but urge"
on, perhaps by the conviction of their power'
passed through the city, and took the road !°
Callao, in pursuit of their enemies.—Whey
the first excitement had begun to subside, and
the firing of a few guns was heard, rumnurgt
were soon afloat that the Spanish trn°,17.,1
were entirely cut off. Yet the patriots al"
not return, and no messenger arrived to c° 11,i
firm the report. Numbers of people proceed%
out of the city in the same direction, and met OA
most contradictory statements. The road is lion'"
with buildings and lofty garden walls for a c')°,:,
siderable distance, so that it was impossible:,
see far on any side. A man was' found WI/
speechless by the path—was he faint or desil.
A little beyond was another with blood flowil
fresh and freelj from his clothesbut be srf4
a peasant ; and near him lay another, a decrlie
old man, dead, with his donkey stretched upon t
ground under the weight of a burden. This was. 4
chance shot—but the patriot uniforms were so'o
after seen in the dust ; and the road was s°l2. e,
lined with the corpses of those who had ;bet
cently met such an enthusiastic welcome. "are
had been led on too securely, and ere they veto
aware, surrounded by the Spanairds and cut. ,
pieces. The event, however, produced nn Irn.ea
portent consequence : Lima has never sincebe.re
entered by an enemy, and the inhabitatit."o,
happily enjoying the liberty and the regular
vernment of which they were so long depave,

of
Mr. RAMAGE, of Aberdeen, gives an accou"tll,
a white leech found in a stickleback, %/blt
when disengaged, was as large as the fish"
tne
had enclosed it. 'rite stickleback died irn"ro•
diately ; and the leech, which had all the :pc
tions of the common leech, died in about 0/ 0
1
hours. Mr. Ramage supposes that the latter oor
have been swallowed when of a minute 0,e:00
food, and had grown, and preserved 1ife,,1:,001
small gut of the fish, till the accident haPror
which protruded it, full grown, for his 9'
tion.

During the fights at Warwick yesteri
night, the sun was so intensely hot,' and th'e the
so close and oppressive, that hundre4 °l,,ere
tt
spectators, before both of them were ended/ g' of
almost in a fainting state. The publictlio(
Warwick could not supply liquor in the Parfibii
l3udbrook, where the fights took place, a" 6,11
was the cause of much of the distress tbati'jDo
lowed. Neither ale, porter, nor spiriti, cod;
got. A sovereign was offered many times 1,°.0f
quart of porter, and a shilimg for a bcittlee%,
water. Two pumps near the spot were 5011„ce;
hausted, and the water drank by the polo!A'sja
and towards the end, water was fetcher,' lit
buckets and bottles from the canal, and 96" t $
2d. and 3d. a pint, and in many instanceo.o6l
much higher price. The pickpockets on' t 5
much booty, as many people had theirre
emptied.—(Birmingham Journal.)
On Saturday last, a boy, of the Parnehee.sc"!
Glover, fell over a cliff in the parish of Parkham, Degle,Wet:
of R. P. Coffins, Esq. a height of more than tsvo
he sustained no other injury than fright 4 Werer°7
nary.)

COAL MARKET, JULY, 27. - „ice. 03
ships at Market. Ship sold.
38i Newcastle . -
113 i Sunderland - - r4l : 99: gar: t 539 .54 9 a

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' BIRTHS. ~„bolv
On the 23d inst., Mrs. Hardy, 11, Duke street, Etl'
- -' Ott'
of a daughter. Mrs'
In 13, Forth-street, Edinburgh, on the 21st inst., 4
of a daughtr.
to,
MARRIED.
coi(n)bne,thaet lthBethhionusste.,obf yhitsliEe
xliciegllhetncßyetvh.ethueritßishishitoroP Fir' ovrivAl
Paris, the Rev. W. H. Bury, 8.D.,_ Fellow of St. J° to 1./Poi
lege, Oxford, and Graduate of the University of P3riS,4 ilitiyi,
Anne, daughter of the late John Madearf,-Estl., North
of the late A. Mackenzie Grieves, of Glenure,. jo
tain, Esq. } o 1511hrilte
At Bannockburn, Scotland, on the 29th inst.., Reier Ole
nan, Esq., surgeon in Glasgow, to Christian, daug'lliottoc
deceased Mr. Alexander Paterson, manufacturer>'l
burn.
/ki tie
„,.4 t, ' 4'
On the 19th inst., at Berneinpthe county of-1-'4,w—cot-1..
71st year of her age, Mrs. Sarah Knight, late of w' •
K. nningten. ~ o'
On Sunday morning, Sir Alexander Grant, Bart-Lpo/01,90
00
On Monday, the 25th inst., at his house at Ca''') s".• 013
seph Gough, Esq., in the 79th year of his age; be tie
of 50 years an inhabitant of Gracechurch-street. ~ of ,'-' ,
pOA(r./enthseArt:loAEnsndqdz.i.ry,elvias: at East Acton, the infant s°4' ..14`
‘4,5 Ily
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M.P.Scotland. on the 11th • Ist, ''' * '
it 1 o,or
Hill, widow of Principal Hili. sg:l4
At Aberdeen, on the 14th inst., John Catto, Est sts'
At Aberdeen, on the 13th inst., Mr. Peter Stu
of taxes in Aberdeen, aged 39. .11
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Pzinted and Published for the noißtrron—s'
OFFICE, No. 1)2, Strand, by J,713. C;ioto

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