The Sun.
London, England, 1825-08-11 00:00:00

MERCANTILE SHIPPING.

DEAL, AUG. 10.—Wind W.N.W.—Arrived from the River
and remain, the Sappho, Noaks, for Smyrna. The whole of
the outward-bound got underweigh about 11 a. m., but when
off the South Foreland the wind dropped, and became variable
with heavy rain. The Medway' convict ship Lang, for New
South Wales ; Fanny, Ruby, Prince of Waterloo, and several
others, put back and remain.
PORTSMOUTH, AUG. 10.—Wind W.N.W.—The Enter-
prise steam-vessel, for India, passed by here early this morning.
Off the Port the Doncaster, Brown, from Demerara, in, 50
days. Sailed the Cato, and the Maria transports, for Quebec ;
and the Larch, Barton, for Montreal.
PLYMOUTH, AUG. 9.—Wind W.N.W.—Sailed the Frede-
rick, O'Hara, for Guernsey, and tk►e Priscilla, Mitchell, for
North America.
FALMOUTH, AUG. 9.—Wind W.N.W.--No arrivals or
sailings.
LIVERPOOL, AUG. 9.--Wind N.W.—Arrived the Re-
liance, Gorham, from Barb:o°es; Richard Sands, 11141.e:try,
from Quebec ; Oporto, Martin, from Oporto; St. Peter, Ruby,
and James, —, from Petersburgh ; Albuera, Carter, from
Riga; Hardware, Eboral, from Lisbon ; Bee, , from
Demerara; Francis Watson, Ball, from
,New Orlears, and
Phillip Tabb, Wheeler, from Savannah.
BOSCASTLE, AUG. B.—On the sth inst., a vessel b Ulm
up, was seen to strike the rocks near Musten Mouth, and go to
pieces ; some oats and fragments of wreck have been washed
on shore, with the stern of a boat marked " Boger Hayes, •of
Youghall ;" she appears to have been a schooner of 100 tons
burthen.
GIBRALTAR, JULY 21.—The Columbian privateer brig
Eagle, is cruizing outside the Straits.

The Moffatt, and the Juliana, from China, have arrived at
Quebec.
The Providence, of Liverpool, Muir, from Sicily to Cam-
peachy, sunk at Gibraltar the 9th ult., having stzuck upon an
anchor.

DEA.TII mom AVARICE.—The death of an aged
yeoman in the neighbourhood of Carlisle, was
last week occasioned in the following singular
manner. The old man in his youth, was liberal,
and convivial, but as years accumulated upon him
he acquired penurious habits. He had in his
possession a stack of very fine wheat—prices ati-
vanced—his heart warmed at the delightful idea
—and the longer he kept it, he flattered himself
the more valuable it would become.—But the
things of this world are perishable. Rats, mice,
and whole flocks of birds mule free with the
stack. how was this to be prevented A happy
thought suggested itself—he came to Lhe comical
resolution of tethering a cat to the roof, with
length of line sufficient to admit of her descent
on either side, to snap up the ravenous intruders
whenever they presented themselves. Puss did
her duty with fidelity, as we may presume,lor
her master rewarded her with regular supplies of
milk ; one morning having ascended the roof
with the accustomed allowance in a saucer, he
missed his footing, and slid off the stack to the
ground, and lighting upon his feet, the violence
of the shock produced hernia, which speedily
carried hire to his grave !

The Pacha of Egypt lately sent the Sultan
some parrots, which, having come from Malta,
spoke nothing but English ; his Highness, there.
fore, sent for an English renegade, who .had
lately turned Turk, to interpret their words.—
He interpreted them all into compliments to.
wards the Sultan, and by this artifice obtained
valuable presents.
A young gentleman of Steeple Langford ,was
last week angling with a ground bait, and stand-
ing behind a willow which hung over the river,
when a kingfisher alighted ou the top of the rod,
with a minnow in its mouth. The bird being
discovered, of course hastily flew away with its
prey.

THE LONDON JOURNALS.

DAILY

-Extraets from the Morning Papere,Aug. 11, 1825.

[BRITISH PRESS.]

Much benefit to the general interests of trade,
arising out of the tranquillity and contentment of
the working classes, was expected from the re-
peal
of the Combination Laws. It is painful to
observe how often, in the conduct of public af-
fairs, the views of the most enlightened states.'
men may be disappointed, and the best inten-
tioned measures fail completely of their effect.
It is a most discouraging truth, that the soundest
principles of political science are not, in their
operation, always the most salutary. The reason
appears to be, that in computing the quantity of
good which such principles are fitted to produce,
we do take the bad passions of mankind into the
account. In repealing the Combination Laws,
for instance, it was natural to look to the parti-
cular evils they occasioned, and to conclude that,
removing what appeared to be their causes, was
the best mode of providing effectually against them.
The true principles of freedom,to whatever applied
—whether to the freedom of Government,the free-
dom of trade,the freedom of labour,or whatever else
—must be, in themselves, essentially just; but they
do not, of themselves, guard against that turbu-
lent selfishness which is the inherent malady of
all ignorant minds ; they look to the prosperity
and equal welfare of the whole community, with-
out taking into account that illegal force which
is perpetually usurping upon every relaxation of
the authority which holds it in check. We do
not find fault with this. Freedom could never
make its way, if every measure of general benefit
.were encumbered before-hand with every possi-
ble preservation against its abuse. The great
Interests of justice required that workmen should
be protected against injury and oppression on the
part of the masters ; the combination laws had
put the former much more within the power, and
placed them much more at the mercy of the latter
than was consistent with that equal regard to their
rights to which they were in fairness entitled. But
no sooner were the impolitic enactments which fet-
tered their industry removed—no sooner were all
the vexatious restrictions on the wages of labour
annulled, than they manifested a disposition the
reverse of what could have been expected in re-
turn for this praiseworthy exertion of Parliament
in their behalf. They began themselves to adopt
the combination system towards their employers,
arid to adopt it in its worst and most aggravated
form, by forming Societies, raising funds by weekly
subscriptions, aid, by means of agents, organiz-
-sng a system of union which should enable them
'7'n their respective trades to maintain a conflict
with the master-manufacturers, for the purpose
of effecting any object which they might be re-
solved to carry. The London journeymetf, in
several trades, have lately submitted to their
employers their intention of working only three
days in the week ; but finding the earnings of
three days' labour insufficient for the mainte-
nance of their families, they have combined for a
rise of wages.

[MORNING HERALD.]
The accounts from Greece lately seem involved
the greatest mystery. One thing, however,
appears certain, that Ibrahim Pacha has collected
an effective army, and by means of money and
arms, is rapidly advancing into the interior of the
,Morea. The present state of the Greek cause
must excite in every friend of liberty anxiety for
its success, and the utmost regret for the unfortu-
nate causes which have' produced the recent re-
verses. No people ever commenced the career
of liberty with fairer prospects. Unlike the
blustering and effeminate Neapolitans, they dis-
dained half-measures ;—they began the work of
reformation with the spirit and deeds of heroes,
and by their determined conduct convinced their
enemies that they were in earnest. Unlike the
enslaved and bigotted Spaniards, they made re-
ligion subservient to the cause of freedom. Their
priests were the most active in fanning the flame
of liberty ; and many of them met death in the
glorious cause with all the firmness of Spartans.
The braiery and skill of their land forces were
fully equal to those which were opposed to
them, and their fleets, at every rencontre, dis-
persed those of their enemies. The Turks were
confounded and paralyzed ; dissensions arose in
the Divan ; and every thing seemed to conspire in
favour of the Greeks. The nations of Europe sym-
pathized with them in their sufferings, and re-
joiced with them in their successes. The very
'Sovereigns who poured hostile armies into Italy
itnd Spain seemed passive spectators of the most
:flagrant deeds of rebellion j and, either captivated
by the bravery of captive Greece, or ashamed to
oppose the unanimous wish of the civilised world,
left them to fight out their liberty undisturbed.
I7ive.n Sir William A'Court, who, from accident
'pr some unknown cause, was present at the de-
Sroctioo of the Constitutions in Naples, and
Ipain, and Portugal, remained at a distance.
What was wanting to complete their liberty ?
Union among their chiefs.. That spirit.ordissen-
sion for which they have been so long famed,.
sad which indeed is as old as the wars OT Troy,
appeared among them, and however it may have
,bronght about the advancement of some of the
leaders, it has, in the mean time, given courage
to their enemies, and been the cause of the
greatest distress to the inhabitants of the Morea.

[THE TIMES.]
lA'pamplilet'ha's.been submitted to us, which
p6ices in a curious, though somewhat painful
light; many causes of difference and ill blood,
'which appear to have arisen between the Execu-
tive Government of Lower Canada, and the .As-
vonblY of that province, during a long series of
tears. 'tinder Lord Dalhousie, these disputes
are stated to have reached their acme. 111°-
1.4, the root of all evil, has been at the but
tom of them. The Colonists insist open the
right of British subjects to tax themselves 'by
their own *representatives. The 1-ixecutive•
government of Lower Canada, frequently
'thwarted in its- applications for , money, as
considered all the rights of Colonists as sub-
servient to the supremacy of the parent state;

and we agree in that construction of the point of
right, unless it be conceded, that a right to ter-
minate the relation of parent state and colony
exists at all times, and is indefeasible in the latter.
Here, too, we are ready to agree, that when the
power to shake off that dependence can be suc-
cessfully exercised, the colony is justified in using
it. But it is absurd to talk in the abstract of the pri-
vilege of self-taxation: it is a question of power
rather than of strict justice, and the affirmative can
scarcely be predicated of any, but the people, a
sovereign and independent community. The
administration of a colony must, it seems to- us,
be carried on with reference to the paramount
supremacy and welfare of the mother country.
The British Parliament not only ought to Lave,
but must have, a superintending and controuling
power over what are termed the provincial
" Legislatures," so long as they are subject to
Great Britain ; and policy and justice will equally
induce this country to consult and provide for
their solid interest, even where they themselves
mistake or neglect it. We rejoice that by a recent
Act of Parliament, the two Canadas have been
thrown into a single State ; the English blood of
Upper Canada being infused into the lower pro-
vince, and vice versa. Lower Canada—that is,
the individuals who formerly exercised a leading
influence over the measures of the Assembly,
and over the spirit of the inhabitants—object to
the union. The total revenue raised in Lower
Canada, has, on an average of the last five years,
amounted to near 80,0001. per annum.

[MORNING CHRONICLE.]
The great majority of the jobbers on the
Stock Exchange look only to the arithmetic of
'the result of the finance measures at Paris-30
millions out of 200 millions—and pronounce it
an entire failure of M. Villele's plan. Under
this impression they came forward freely yester.
day-morning to sell Consols for Account. The
opening price was 901, and in a few minutes
they declined to 90; the closing quotation was
buyers.—ln the Foreign Market the chief
business was in South American Stocks, which
continue to decline. Mexican Scrip 31 discount;
the Colombian Bonds 8,14. The report of a
crisis in the affairs of Spain approaching has oc-
casioned an advance of one-half per cent. in Spa-
nish Bonds; the other Foreign Stocks were
heavy, but without any material alteration in the
prices. In Shares there was little doing, except
lin the minor Associations and in Castello Shares.

:THE PUBLIC LEDGErtI
Yesterday letters were received by a respect-
able house in the City from Constantinople,
dated the id ult. The Porte was making great
efforts to reinforce the fleet under the Captain
Pacha. Two 84-gun ships and a large frigate
were nearly ready for sea ; and a squadron, con-
sisting of several frigates, besides a number of
light armed vessels—a specks of force more
competent to cope with that of the Greeks—was
fitting out with the greatest expedition. The
preparations by land also exhibited unabated ac-
tivity; and every thing seemed to indicate a
determination on the part of the Turkish Go-
vernment to make such exertions this year as
should bring this obstinate and sanguinary contest
to a termination before its conclusion. Unfortu-
nately the latest and most authentic accounts
from Greece justify the sanguine hopes of the
Porte. The Continental Journals too, which used
to contain only favourable accounts from that
country, have begun to publish the most alarming
intelligence. We have long expected as much, and
have, therefore, deemed it unnecessary to notice
every idle rumour as it rose, knowing that a
very short time would serve to establish the ac-
curacy of the accounts, which, in the discharge of
a painful but, paramount duty, we saw ourselves
obliged to lay before our Readers. The French
Papers, which, like the German, had repeat-1
edly placed Ibrahim Paella in a situation of in-
extricable difficulty, and very recently repre-
sented him as surrounded by the enemy in the
environs of Tripolizza, now quote letters from
ardent friends of the Greeks, written at Napoli
di Romania, towards the end of June, in which
it is expressly stated that this enterprising Chief
was, a day or to before, thundering at the gates
of that city. As he had thus travetNed the Pe-
ninsula from the South-west to the North-east,
it furnishes a clear and convincing proof of his
superiority,,, particularly as he had only a
force of 5,000 men with him, when he
thus penetrated from one of its extremi-
ties to the other. They state, it is true,
that he afterwards quitted the neighbourhood ;
but that he began his retreat in good earnest, is
more than doubtful,even according to the letters
upon which we are commenting. It appears from
them that he merely fell back, in the direction of
Argos, which, according to his present unsparing
system of warfare, he had previously plundered
and burnt. Ile appears to have been in want of
artillery, which will be easily accounted for from
the difficult nature of the roads through which
he had to pass; and to this circumstance Napoli
is indebted for its safety in his first attempt to
enter its walls. When he has supplied himself
with artillery, for which so provident a Chief
had, no doubt, made his preparations beforehand,
his next attempt would probably be more suc-
cessful.

[NEW TIMES.]
It does not seem to have occurred to those po-
liticians who have been endeavouring to create
groundless alarm upon the subject of the non-
ratified Treaty with Mexico, that it is hardly
possible to imagine conditions which this country
could require as the basis of recognising, the in-
dependence of Mexico, which the Government of
Mexico would venture to refuse. We state this
proposition thus unequivocally upon two grounds,
both equally tenable. The first is, that the
liberal and disinterested—we might say the lofty
and magnanimous—policy, which has regulated
every step of our proceedings both towards the
South American States and the Mother Coun-
try, precludes, even for a moment, the supposi-
tion' that we could require any terms which were,
riot obviously founded upon justice and good
With—Mr. Canning has proclaimed this policy
on more than.one'occasion, to all the Cabinets of
Europe; and iu terms too explicit to admit of 1

equivocation, even if there existed the disposi-
tion to equivocate. If we are nor greatly misin-
formed indeed, the Mexican Government actually
proposed, on one point, terms exclusively favour-
able to English -.commerce., which were refused
on our part, in conformity with- the principles
we had • professed. Our second grotind is, that
the magnitude of the boon- we concede to Mexi-
co, by treating with her as an Independent
State, is such, that we scarcely know the price
she would not willingly have paid for it. her
actual position is not one that enables her to
coquet with a Power like England, when offer-
ing her the right hand of fellowship. We
are aware of facts that seem to destroy this ar-
gument. WI e are aware that the treaty was
even captiously canvassed in the I.'Aexican
Congress, and that- there were objections
taken to it, because it contained no clause
which distinctly and specifically declared that
we recognized the independence of Mexico. But
wily were these objections .made ? Simply be-
cause the objectors were ignorant of what they
were discussing. Older and better instructed
politicians would have known that the formal
proceeding required from us, was necessary only
from the Mother Country. We admitted their
independence when we treated with them as in-
dependent. They never owed us allegiance,and
consequently we had no civil or political obliga-
tions from which to release them ; no power, pri-
vileges, or dominion, to renounce. Not so with
regard to Spain. Supposing the Cabinet of Madrid
to negociate a similar treaty with any of her
former colonies, how could it be framed unless
the very preamble contained a specific renuncia-
tion of all authority on the one hand, and a conse-
quent specific recognition of full and perfect in-'
dependence on the other ? We say then, that
the altercation upon this subject, whatever it
might be, in the Mexican Congress, not only
fails as a proof that the Mexican Government
would be prepared to contest the proposed bar-
gain with a litigious spirit, but it proves, if any
thing, the very contrary, by manifesting the ut-
most anxiety to have the great object of their
wishes so defined as to be rendered incapable of
doubt or misconstruction. It would indeed be the
grossest absurdity to assume that the individuals
who compose the Mexican Executive could be so
blind to the magnitude of the good within their
reach, as to risk the loss of it by cavilling about
the terms. And this absurdity becomes still
greater,when we reflect upon the principles which
guide the British Cabinet, and • the utter impos-
sibility that it should require what even the most
fastidious veteran in European diplomacy could
could dispute with honest intentions.

[MORNING POST.]
The Order in Council for carrying the Qua-
rantine Laws into effect, which we announced in
our last, was published yesterday in a Supplement
to the Gazette. We give it at full length in our
preceding page, as it is a subject interesting and
important, to every family in this kingdom, in-
volving nothing less than the possible destruc-
tion of their dearest members, or even their final
extinction. We have read this Order with deep
attention, and keen as had been our jealousy and
our apprehensions when we found that the Qua-
ratable Laws were to be altered, we think it but
just to declare, that they are now removed, and
that the precautions adopted to guard our land
from contagion and our lives from the devasta-
tions of the Plague, are fully adequate to their
object. It will be seen that the immediate ad-
mission of vessels from the Levant with clean
bills of health, which formed the chief ground of
alarm (as it is well known how easily such bills;
were obtained from Consuls abroad), and which
was repeatedly allowed last year and at the com-1
mencement of this, can no longer be practised.
Such vessels and their passengers must perform a
Quarantine of fifteen days, and all their goods,
wares, and merchandize, must undergo the
usual airings. Vessels with suspected or foul
bills of health are to perform one of thirty days,
and the goods and merchandize to go through all
the airings and fumigations which have ever been
practised in such cases. Should any pestilential
accident occur among the crew, passengers, or
other persons on board during the probationary
airing of the goads, the whole Quarantine is to
recommence, the sick persons to be sent to the
hospital ship, the external guard to be immediately
doubled, and notice to be sent with all possible
dispatch to the Lords of his Majesty's Privy Coun-
cil, that they may give such orders as they may
think necessary. Various stations are appointed
round the United Kingdom, where all. vessels
with clean Bills of Health coining from the Me-
diterranean or West Barbary on the Atlantic
Ocean, are to perform Quarantine. But the
more effectually to guard against the introduc-
tion of the Plague into this country, it is ordered
that any vessel on .board of which it should ap-
pear, shall immediately,. if to the Southward of
Cape St. Vincent, repair to some Lazaretto in
the Mediterranean ; and if to the Northward of
that Cape, to Milford Haven, there to perform
Quarantine. All trading vessels from'the Levant
or Barbary, not having the Plague or infec-
tious diseases on board, but without clean bills
of health, are to repair to the Standgate Creek
or Milford Haven, " and no where else," and
all ships of war or transports coming from
the same quarter, to the Motherbank, Ports-
mouth, where full quarantine is to be per-
formed. The Order also gives a list of the
questions which are to be put to vessels be-
fore they are admitted at any port, and a detail-
ed description of the most minute precautions
which are to be taken with respect to the most
trifling aricle on board before it is allowed to
reach the shore. At a time when the Plague
rages in Egypt, and we have just opened a brisk
trade with the very seat of its ravages, a strict
enforcement of all the laws of self-preservation
was necessary, and we rejoice to find that
our Quarantine Code still preserves its ef-
ficiency. The publication of this Order in
;Council will not only appease alarm in this coun-
try, but will materially serve our merchants
abroad, whose vessels were submitted in the ports
of certain States to various delays, on the ground
that since our Quarantine Laws had been alter-
ed, ships' coming from Eugland could not be
considered clean.