The Sun.
London, England, 1849-10-02 00:00:00

LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 2, 1849.

of twenty-one millions sterling, but he can scarcely
deny that fifty-six millions are now to all intents and
purposes, as difficult to be obtained, and, indeed, in
every respect equivalent to twice the amount in 1814
or 1815—so that in place of there being a reduction of
twenty-one millions, there has been a practical increase
of thirty-five millions in the amount of taxation.
Twice the quantity of commodities, twice the corn
of the farmer, or twice the calico of the manufacturer,
must be given to realise the sums handed over to the
tax•gatherer. The ablest and most powerful organ
of the bullionists recently admitted that the pound
sterling will now command twice as much of the
necessaries or luxuries of life as it would have done
thirty-five years since. In other words, the " pur-
chasing power" of the pound is increased to that ex-
tent, and every tax, every debt, every fixed liability,
rents, and, as Sir G. ROBINSON well knows, " tithe
composition," are at least doubled. The appreciation
in the value of money that has taken place has ope-
rated as a check to production. The farmer who is
compelled to devote the price of one hundred quarters
of wheat, when money is appreciated, to pay the
rent and taxes of his farm, which he could
formerly have done with sixty quarters, has forty
quarters less for other purposes than he calculated on
when he signed his lease. The millowner who must
give a thousand pieces of calico in place of six hundred
is also injured to the same extent. If a serious
depreciation that reduced the value of money should
inflict some degree of injustice on the few, " appre-
ciation" is injustice to the many, a fearful injury to
the bees in the national hive, for the benefit of the
drones, who would feast in idleness on the fruits of
the labours of the meritorious industrious classes.

The farmers are not such dolts as not to perceive
on which side of the question their real interests are
involved, and they will follow their true friend, Mr.
DISRAELI, in demanding " equal taxation and cheap
capital," rather than Sir G. ROBINSON, who, himself
a capitalist and landowner, would naturally advocate
the principles likely to increase the rate of interest
for money and to enhance rents.

THE FRENCH REPUBLIC.

We have received the Paris papers of yesterday.
They do not in general make any observations on
the intelligence from Constantinople, waiting,
doubtless, for some official announcement from the
Government to the Assembly, on the subject.
There is, however, one most important exception, and
that is the Journal des Debals. This journal which,
since the days Of CHATEAUBRIAND, has under all
circumstances manifested a chivalrous regard for the
preservation of French honour, comments on the
recent occurrences in Turkey in the following manly
style •

-"
Civilized Europe can have nothing but eulogies on
this occasion for the Sultan and his Ministers, and
we hope that it will not leave them to defend alone
in this world the cause of honour, and humanity,
and the sacred principles of public law. Should it be
true, as it is said, and which we cannot bring our-
selves to believe, that the Russian Government has actu-
ally in a note to the Divan, pretended that France has
herself betrayed hospitality, and that she has
consented to surrender political refugees who have asked
an asylum at her hands, we would protest with all our
might against so astounding an assertion. If we have
ourselves, as citizens, freely discussing in a free country,
been sometimes obliged to say that power in Franco
bad not always fallen into worthy hands, yet speaking
now to Europe, we believe the most dignified course
would be, to affirm, as we do affirm, that of all the Go-
vernments we have ever yet experienced the very worst
never proved itself capable of such shameful weakness.
We accordingly believe that the Government will sane •
tion the simple and dignified attitude of its ambassador
at Constantinople. The initiative which he has, in con-
cert with the British Ambassador, taken on himself,
ought not to be disavowed; and if, above all others, we
detest the most remote resemblance to propagandism, or
a presumptuous interference in the affairs of others, we
still feel that being consulted on such a cpestion, and
under such circumstances, the representatives of the two
most liberal powers of Europe could not have made any
other reply than that offered. by Sir Stratford Canning
and General Aupick."
The Journal des Debats expresses in this instance
the sentiments of the great majority of the French
people, and we trust that the Government of the
Republic will not hesitate to show itself in accord-
ance with the French people, by at once interfering
to protect the SULTAN against the attacks of Russia
and her vassal. An intervention in favour of huma-
nity at Constantinople would go far to wipe out the
discredit attached to the intervention against repub-
-ner-trifitiaiii Rome.

The Rforme of
,yesterday appears under" the'editor -
ship of the Abbe LAMENNAIS, the former editor, M.
RII3EYROLLES, having been obliged to exile himself
in order to escape the prosecutions of Royalists whom
he had opposed so energetically. He will neverthe•
less continue his support to the I?eforme from a foreign
land.

The National publishes a letter from Brest which
states that the war steamer Archimede is lying at
anchor in the roads, fully equipped for sea, to convey,
to Madagascar the parties accut,ed of having partici-
pated in the insurrectionary movement of June last.
A new Democratic journal is about to be published
in Paris under the direction of M. FLOCON. It will
be called the Revolution of 1848.
It is announced that M. PIERR!S BONAPARTE has
been sent on a temporary mission to Algeria.
The French Ministry have adopted the de-
cided, and therefore, the safest plan, as regards
the National Assembly and the affairs of Rome.
The Assembly met yesterday, and immediately
that it was ascertained there was a House the
Minister of Foreign Affairs ascended the tribune
and read as follows :

" The expedition to Rome has occasioned certain
expenses which were not foreseen by the law of May
19, 1849, and which require supplementary credits.
Bills for that purpose will be presented to yon by the
Ministers of War and Marine. The bill I have the
honour to present is for the like purpose, and demands
140,000 f. This sum is destined to cover not only the
expenses incurred up to the present, but those to be in-
curred to the 31st of December next. The Government
of the Republic does not, as you perceive, think that
the moment is come for recalling the army from the
Roman states. A thorough examination of the motives
for which the expedition was undertaken, the results
obtainer), and the present state of the negotiations will
induce you, we think, to agree with us in such opinion.
In demanding credits to cover the next three months, we
seek to provide for every eventuality, and we demand the
means cf being able to meet them without, however,
renouncing the hope of terminating sooner an occupa-
tion which has bean glorious for our arms, but which we
should put an end to as soon as the political interests and
honour of France are assured. The Government desir-
ing that all the questions connected with the affair of
Rome may be embraced in their ensemble, and seen in
their true light, we propose to submit these demands
for supplementary credits to the same committee."
The Minister of War then presented a demand for
a supplementary credit above the 1,200,000 francs
already granted, for 6,607,900 francs.
The,Minister of Marine demanded 1,945,200frane5.
The motion for reference to the same committee was
agreed to ; and, after the presentation of some local
projects by the Finance Minister, the House
adjourned.
It is said that the French Government have ex-
pressed their cordial approval of the conduct of
General AUPICK in Constantinople, and that they
have ordered the French troops to concentrate on
the Piedmontese frontier, for the purpose of marching
into Lombardy should Austria invade Servia.
A dramatic version of the conquest of Rome by
OUDINOT has been brought out at the Porte St.
Martin. The representatives of the POPE, the Car-
dinals, and ecclesiastics are hooted at, while the
actors who represent GARIBALDI and MAZZINI are
received with shouts of applause.
PARIS BOURSE, OCT. I.—The market has been very
heavy to-day, the news from Constantinople causing
much uneasiness; Threes for the account closed at
55f. 25c., and Fives at 87f. 90c. The market closed as
follows:—Threes, for cash, 551. 25c.; for account, 55f.
25e.; Fives, for cash, 87f. 80c.; for account, 87f. 80c.;
Threes in liquidation, 55f. 5c.; Fives, 87f. 70c.; Bank
of France Shares, 2,325 f. ; Spanish Threes and Fives
arid Neapolitans not quoted.
RAILWAYS.—The Share Market has been also heavy,
but prices have not very materially altered. Orleans
closed at 745 f.; Rouen, 5251.; Vierzon, 300 f.; Stras-
burg and Bale, 101 f. 25c. ; Bordeaux, 40G1. 25c.;
Northern, 4311. 25e.; Paris and Strasburg, 352 f. 50c ;
Nantes, 291 f. 25c.; Dieppe, 180:
BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE
LONDON STOCK-EXCHANGE, Oell. 1.
Boulogne and Amiens. 6—Dutch Rhenish, 114—East In-
dian, 334 —Northern of France, 3 dis.—Orleans and Bour-
deaux, 3iii—Rouen and Havre, Sambre and Meuse, 2.

SPAIN.
Madrid journals of the 26th ult. have arrived.
They announce that the tariff will be published
immediately after the return of NARVA.EZ to Madrid.
He is expected on the 2d Oct.
MADRID BOLSA, SEPT. 26. —Three per Cents.,
27i for account; Five Ter Cents., Ili paper. Ex-
change on London, 50 65 money.

POST OFFICE NOTICE. GENERAL POST• OFFICE,
SEPT., 1849.—0 n and after the Ist of next month, the
whole postage, both British and foreign, upon letters for
Belgium, directed "via France," may be paid in advance,
or the letters may be sent unpaid, at the option of the
sender, but the present regulation, under which the
British postage only may be paid upon such letters, will
be discontinued. It must, however, be understood that
no letter will be forwarded to Belgium by this route
unless specially addrested "via France." ,
SCARBOROUGH, I.—The Louisa, of Bath, Ahrens,
from Hull to Hartlepool, came on shore yesterday at
buiuton Pale, and has gone to pieees; crew saved.