The Sun.
London, England, 1838-01-01 00:00:00

MONTHLY MAGAZINE.

Tho papers entitled " Pickwick Abroad," are more
amusing this month than they were last ; but then it must
be borne in mind, that they are mere imitations, and that
the main design of the whole has been supplied by Boz.
The plates, however, by Alfred Crowquil, who bids fair to
rival Cruickshank in popularity, are excellent—indeed,
quite as good as those which appeared in the original
Pickwick. " Tableaux from Sporting Life," is a collection
of entertaining gossip en matters in which most people feel
a❑ interest. Asa specimen of the author's manner, we
subjoin his description of the different Newmarket race-
courses, the finest, as all the world knows, in this, or any
other country.

" Ascending the hill by which we entered the town, as soon as that
is left behind, an open space lies in front, over which, leaving the high
road on the left, is the commencement of the Heath. On the right, in
front of the course, stands a range of stabling, the rubbing houses of
the Beacon Course; a little further onward is the Stand, weighing.
house, and judge's chair, and opposite to them the Jockey Club Stand,
serving for the Beacon ; three last miles of ditto ; last mile of ditto ;
Ditch In and Audley End courses. There are eighteen courses altoge-
ther, laid out over various parts of the Heath, which, however, with the
exception of the Beacon and the Round Course beyond the Ditch (save
during a race being run over them), have no local habitation to the eye
of the stranger. Skirting the B. C., which runs at your right hand like
a woof of Persian velvet, you next arrive4lt the Duke's Stand, of which
you are already instructed ; and then,
_away before you, in front, and
on either hand, spreads the magnificent Flat, with one exception (the
Curragh of Kildare, the Irish Metropolitan Racing ground), the finest
piece of turf in these. dominions. As you proceed towards it, you pass
also, on the right, the weighing-house used for the races over the Flat,
and perceive in the distance, under shelter of the ditch, the saddling.
stables appropriated to it. By this arrangement, races over the Flat at
Newrbarket are run upon a plan unknown elsewhere, an unequalled fur
Its convenience. the horses are saddled at a point opposite to which
is placed the weighing-house, which must be their destination as soon
as their race is over. Mid-way between each li, the course upon which
they contend, and, having passed the goal, they are gently cased from
their speed up the rise that finishes at the weighing.houle, whence they
are walked to their stables ; thus, as it is seen, every stride taken after
saddling is so much of she horse's way: home."

" Letters from Germany and Belgium," are pleasantly
written upon the whole, but hero and there they dwell to:.
lengthily on matters not worth noting. The cursory
sketch of Aix-la-chapelle and its neighbourhood, shows
considerable power of description. " Portraits from the
Peerage" is a biographical account of Lord 'Lyndhurst,
penned in an impartial spirit, with the single exception of
the introductory passage, which is somewhat too adulatory.
The " Baronesis" is a talo that does not imprcre as it pro
coeds.

THE METROPOLITAN MAGAZINE.
Saunders and Otley.

The sketch of the life of Judge Perrin, front the
" Notebook of an Irish Barrister," has all the faults of the
Pacceding sketches from the same pm. The style i'
Vompous—nceasionally bombastic ; and like most author:
who essay the sublime, the writer contrives to be not unfre-
quently
unintelligible. As he is fond of quoting the an-
cients, we recommend him to study Plutarch with more at •
rcntion—a work by no means uninviting since Rosseat•
assures us that its perusal extinguished in him all regard fo.
Romances,
though he had previously sat up whole night,
rather than forego the pleasure of learning the fate of tl.t
heroes and heroines of such productions. " Nature an,
Art"
nitely
hY Mrs. Gore, is clever—very clever ; though infi
inferior to Mrs. Inchbabl's beautiful, and stiil more
pathetic
tale, under the same title. Mrs. Gore's appeals
ire muds to the understanding. Mrs. Inehbald addresse:.
herself directly to the heart, and in its inmost recesses hci
every sentence finds, and must always find, a kindred echo.
The " London Newsmen," by the author of " Random Re-
collections of the Houses of Lords and Commons" is true
to life. We select an extract from it :
" The London newsmen are, as far as can be ascertained, about fir
hundred in number. Most of them have one or more boys in their
employ ; and those whose business is not suffiAently extensive to club',
them to employ boys, arc often obliged to call in the aid of their wive:
—always, of course, assuming they have them—in the dedvery of th
papers. The newsmen purchase ail their papers, either direct at Or
offices of the different journals, or at one of the three or four whole.
sale houses,exist in their own trade. The newsmen get all O
papers,
they charge their customers firepence for fourpencei
one penny on each
Paper being all that they leave to maintain them.
for
eslag the expenses consequent on their business, and run.
g h bad debts. It seen from this that the pro.
sueilnrt,ei afteris kpoafy
i
newspapers do not, like those of the provinces, g.t)hreielt)°rriCeosfmi l°a4r"knedn 1
on them, and at which they are sold to the read, rs,
but that one penny is deducted front the amount. They arc not, how
ever, on a more unfavourable footing than thc proprietors of provincial
papers on this account ; they give no credit, and consequently al.
not subject to bad debts. Between the long credits given in the
the
e bad debts to wh-ch the proprietors of papers ar,
they would not be in a worse position were they pu
on the same footing as the proprietors of London newspapers.
provinces,t
there subjected, and
h
" Perhaps there are few callings in London mere arduous that
that of the. newsmen. They usualY rise at flee o'clock in the morn.
ing at all seasons of the year, and in all Ports of weather. This i
necessary
in order that they may deliver morning papers in sufficient
time to their customers. A little before six they begin to muster

strong at the offices of the various morning journals. And a more
uproarious or merry set of persons, notwilistanding all their hard
trudging through town, is nowhere to be found. They are all alive,
or, as Mr. O'Connell would say, a'l ' agitation,' from the time they
assemhle in any cons doable num! er, until they have gave got their
pcpers. They not only keep constantly moving about among each
other, hut are great hands at 'cloying all sorts of tricks at each other's
expe ise. Nor are they by any means niggard of their jokes. Their
wittioisms, such as they are, are scattered about in ere.it pro.
fusion, and it is som,thing certainly get made up in quantity what
s lacking in quality. Those of them, especially :he you-ger portion of
the class, who cannot even by accident stumble on a joke, neverth.:-
less contrive by some means or other to contribute their share to the
general liveliness of the scene—moat frequent' y by a very powerful
!Ise of their stentorian abilities. Ey way of still greater variety, it is
by no m2ans en unusual thing to witness something in the shape of
a little sparing, though happily seldom ending in any serious conse-
quences to either party.
" The time for seeing the uproarious copal i ities of the newsmen to
the greatest advantage, is when there is a late publication of any of
the most extensively circulated journals. Then their noise, their ex-
elamations, and the rapidity of their mcvements backwards and for.
wards reach what some people would c.. 11 the acme of perfection. The
little rascals of boys, especially, are all tongua, and motion together.
Neither their lungs our their bodi:•s arc suiFer d to enjoy a moment's
repose; in fact, it looks as if the little fellows could not survive a se-
cond, were they to remain quiet that length of time. Occasionally they
evince a strong disposition to quarrel with, and abuse, each other;
hut the main current of their indignation is generally directed against
all and sundry connected with the lacy journal. Editors, compositors,
printer, and publishers, all receive their respective modicums of what
these juvenile personages call ' thundering abuse.' The scene exhibited
outside the office, or inside, if they can gain admission on such occa-
sions, is one which altogether defies description. If there be a person
whose 'vocal taste' is so strange as to love a confusion of sounds, the
door of a morning newspaper-office at such a time, is the place where it
may be gratified."

" Between four and five comes the publication of the evening papers,
which now occupies the attention of the newsmen. In this case,
however, their pedestrian capabilities are not called into exercise to
the same extent as in the case of the morning papers, the far greater
portion of the evening journals being simply put into the past-race,
to be forwarded to subscribers in the country. The delivery of the
evening papers is usually :over before six o'olock ; but then, for at
least six months in the year, that is to say, during the time that Par-
liament is sitting, they have to watch the publication of second edi-
tions of the evening parrs, as many ef their country customers give
positive instructions to have the second editions regularly sent them.
" Some idea may be formed from what I have stated of the laborious.
ness of a newsman's life. If there be an industrious, hard-working
member of the community, he is the "man. I am assured that there
are some newsmen who, in the prosecution of their pursuits as distri-
butors of the public journals, walk or run upwards of twenty miles
every day. And this, be it recollected, in all weathers, whether in the
'summer's heat' or ' winter's cold.'

" And what aggravates the hardship of a newsman's condition is,
that the Sabbath, which to most other classeiof the community ailbrds a
cessation from labour, 'shines no day of rest to him.' A considerable
pert of that pay is spent in the delivery of Sunday papers
"And yet, notwithstanding the laborious duties which devolve on the
newsmen, and the fact that he scarcely ever enjoys one hour's inter-
mission from them from one year's end to the another—notwithstanding
this, his remuneration is so small, after paying the necessary ex-
penses incurred in carrying on his business, and allowing for bad debts
and unsold papers, that he, except in very rare cases indeed, has no
prospect, by any practicable economy, of ever being able to 'lay by'
anything against the time of sickness or the infirmities of advanced
years; and he thinks it a gr:at matter if he can by his greatest in-
dustry and exertions, earn as much as will procure him his daily bread.
" I know of no body of men who contribute more largely to the com-
fort of the metropolitan community than the newsmen. Without
them the daily papers could not Is 2 expeditiously or effectually circu-
lated throughout so vast a place as London. I cannot conceive of
any machinery, were the task of distributing their papers lett to
the proprietors of the papers themselves, by which that task could be
s itifactorily executed. Whenever any country order for a news-
paper is addressed to the proprietors of the paper ordered, which is
often done through ignorance of the fact that all the London journals
are circulated through the intervention of newsmen„the order is
handed over to some particular newsmen, and, for the penny profit on
each copy of the paper, he runs the risk of the bad debt, :should there
be no order for payment on any house in London."

" Venice and its Dependencies" is an able article, but it
wants the philosophical spirit that would recommend it to
our entire approbation. The fact is, that we have never
yet met with more than one work in which anything like
justice was done to the policy of the Venetian Republic.
Her jealousy was excessive, and often tinctured with bar-
barous cruelties. This is known to every reader of the
history of the period in which she flourished ; whereas there
is not one in a thousand of such readers, who is at all
aware of the crimes, on the part of neighbouring states,
which compelled her to adopt measures of such severity in
the case of her most illustrious citizens. To be suspected
was fatal, because to expose one's-self to suspicion was really
to hazard the safety of the Republic. The " Bit
O'Writin" is after Banim's manner, but it is by no means
among the happiest effuaions of his genius. We must not,
however, forget thot the corrector of the press has marred
its beauties not a little, by making Scotch of Irish is ords—
to the great annoyance of those who, like ourselves, arc
ivell skilled in the peculiar dialects of both Kingdoms.
Match-breaking,",by Mrs. Ably, cannotibe too extensively
circulated among Spinster Aunts, and we entreat such of
our readers as sympathise with the sufferings of love-lorn
damsels to present with a copy of it every lady of their
acquaintance who has arrived at " a certain age" without
getting entangled in the netts of Hymen. It is admirably
calculated to prevent a world of mischief. " Aunt Kate
and her Five Nieces" is an excellent tale, and a well-told
one too. Were ladies bribed to remain single there would
not be an old maid within her Majesty's British dominions.
The Literary notices and notes for the month display an
abundant share of attention to whatever is connected with
the editorial department.

THE ASIATIC JOURNAL. Allen and Co.

The " Review of Eastern News" is the first of a series
of Articles which, if written in the style and manner of
the one before us, cannot be too long continued. In such
el form ought the more important. Oriental intelligence to
be monthly conveyed to the British public. The Article
" Steam Navigation with India," strongly maintains the
practicability of the scheme suggested by Dr. Lardner for
effecting that great national object. The " Turf in India"
is a sketch of life in the East, for which our previous know-
ledge of Oriental habits had not altogether prepared us.
We recommend it to the notice of the Jockey Clubs at
home. The other Articles are on subjects in which none
hut Anglo-Indians are likely to take an interest. " The
Notes of the Month" are numerous, and well selected.

oi " Britiih Agriculture," and the " Itepor of the SeIP(
Committee on the Civil List." We extract from it the
fu!lowing tabular view of the population of Upper and
Lower Canada :

At th^ affairs of Canada excite at the present moment greet public
anxiety, we are induced to axtract the following information milting to
the Upper and Lower l'wvinc:.s, from an Address on the Legislative
Union of Upper and Lower Canada, published about four months
by the Constitutional Association of Montreal. We confine ourselves
exclusively to the statistical p,rtion of the document, omitting the po-
litical deductions contained in it.

The adult population of the two provinces, and their rate of increase,
arc illustrated by the following details :
TABULAR VIEW OF THE POPULATION OF BOTH PROVINCES, AND

ITS KATE OF INCREASE.
Rate of Increase in the General l'opti!ation of Lower Canada,
from 1760 to 1636 inclusive.

a 1780, the population of the undivided pro-
vince was

Increase.

1784, ditto ditto
1825, the population of Lower Canada, by a
corrected cen,us, say
1831, the population of Lower Canada, by
census of this year, was
1336, the population of Lower Canada, sup-
posed to be
Increase in six years, from 1825 to 1831, of
Lower Canada
Ditto in five years, 1831 to 1836; of Lower
Canada
General rate from 1825 to 1836, of Lower
Canada, 11 years
Average increase, from 1760 to 1784, of Lower
Canada, per annum
Ditto increase, from 1784 to 1825, of Lower
Canada, per annum
Ditto increase, front 1825 to 1231, of Lower
Canada, per annum
Ditto increase, from 1831 to 1836, of Lower
Canada, per annum...

13A per cent.

17 2-oths „

331 ~

2,000

8,219

10,319

17,816

From 1760 to 1836 the population has doubled itself 31 times in
Lower Canada. Taking the corrected census returns in 1825, and
those of 1631, and the generally supposed population in December,
1836, the population of Lower Canada would appear to double itself in
twenty-nine years only.
Hate of Increase in the General Population of Upper Cicada,
from the year 1824 to 1836 inclusive.
In 1824 149,301
1825 156,886—Increase 7,515
1826 164,703 7,815
1827
18214... ...... ....186,345 11,217
. 1829 .. 196,704
1830— ...... ..211,569 14,863
1831 234,681
1832 260,994 26,311
1833...... ....... 296,870.
1834 320,735
1835 346,165 25,430
1836 .375,000 28,835
Average increase from 1824 to 1828 per annum 9,261
1828 to 1830 18,661
1832 to 1836
General aver. increasc.lB24 to 1636 . . .. 18,712

Comparing the census of 1924 with that of 1833, and that of 1829
with that of 1836, it appears that the population of Upper Canada has
of late doubled in about nine years, which, compared with the popula-
tion of Lower Canada, is in the proportion of less than one-third.
The general average increase of Lower Canada, per annum, from 1825
to 1836, is 16,029—being less than the annual increase of Upper Ca.
nada by 2,683.
By the Provincial Act of the 9th of Geo. IV., thirty-seven counties
return two representatires each, and three return one each, to the Pro-
vincial Legislature; of these counties five are included in that portion
of the province denominated the Eastern Townships, which, being
settled almost entirely by inhabitantsef British origin, return members
of that race, but in the remainder the inhabitants of French origin
preponderate so greatly that the representation is almost exclusively
French Canadian, or in support of French Canadian views.
The provincial representation of Lower Canada is at present ninety
members, of whom about one-eighth, or eleven in number, represent
the wants of the inhabitants of British origin.
The census of 1831 estimated the whole provincial population at
511,917, and stated the number of Roman Catholics to be 403,472,
leaving, therefore, 108,445 to be Protestants, none of whom could be
of French origin.
Of the Catholics it is reasonably estimated, that 50,000 are of British
origin, and the statement must therefore be satisfactory, that in 1831
the total number of inhabitants of British origin was 158,000, whilst
that of French origin was 353,000.
Assuming, therefore, that the increase from 1831 to 1836 has raised
the aggregate number to 600,000, the difference will be 89,081; but it
is notorious that the fixed population of the province not only suffered
great mortality from Asiatic cholera, in the years 1932 and 1834, but
that during that period, and especially during the past two years, it has
been much reduced by the emigration of French Canadian youth to the
territories of tho United States, whilst it is equally well known, from
authentic sources, that in the period above-mentioned 195,000 emi-
grants have arrived at Quebec from the mother country,of whom it is
calculated that 35,000 have settled in Lower Canada: the natural in.
crease of the whole provincial population would thus only be 54,081,
which, divided between the two races, in the proportions of 156 to 353,
would augment the number of inhabitants of French origin to nearly
390,000 souls, and those of British origin to nearly 175,000 ; to which
being added the number Of settlers by emigration, say 35,000, the total
number of the latter would be 210,000, and the aggregate proportion
of Ille two races, therefore, is as 210,000 to 390,000, in round numbers.
A cursory examination of the preceding calculation shows that not
only is the increase of the inhabitants of British origin in Lower Canada
extremely rapid, but that it is in a very much greater proportion than
that of the inhabitants of French origin.

The following is a statement of the amount of stock in the public un-
dertakings of the district of Montreal, held by the inhabitants of the two
races composing the population :

Sharcs.l Wish. French
A:. X. X. X.
I. Stock of the Think of Montreal 250,000 5,000 2(7,400 2,600
2 Ditto of City Bank
3. Ditto of Champlain and St. Law-
rence Railroad Company.....
4. Ditto Montreal Waterworks~ -
S. Ditto St. Lawrence Steam-boat Com-
pany .....
6. Ditto Mont real Steam l'ow-boat Com-
iiany
7. Ditto Ottawa and Rideau Forward-
ing Company.
6. Ditto St. Lawrence Steam-boat and
Mail-coach Company 25,000 1,000 25,000 -
P. Ditto Montreal Gasworks
I Ditto St. Anti Market 13,574 1,425
11. Ditto of other steamboats and capital
invested in the forwarding esta-
blishments on the St. Lawrence,
above and below 'Montreal 20,000 50,000 -
318,3:,0 799,240 111,4t0
FRENCH CANADIAN INSTITUTIONS.
I. :Stock of Mutual Insurance Company .0,000 ... 16,211 23,710
2. Ditto Bank du People-People's Bank, tgo,ooo ... :30,000 50,000
93-,30 616.2'41 132,10
_ _

9t-,'ZO
paid.

616.2'41
tpposed.

• Present value.

f Cost