The Sun.
London, England, 1849-06-29 00:00:00

... 427,763.527
... 16,462,350

£44,225,877
9,061,233

£53,287,100
Thus, out of every twenty shillings paid in, taxgion,
three only is required for the purposes of support for the
civil Government, whilst the seventeen goes to pay the
interest of the debt, and provide for the army and navy.
Last year the army estimates were higher than this by
1,500,000/4 and the twelve years previous show► an
increase of nearly ten millions. All this time the coun-
try was et peace.
The following is a comparison between the two pe-
riods 1760 and 1649, with which I shall conclude:—

1849.---
1760.
Population
Debt X50,000,000 Debt (about) X 780,000,000
Interest on debt 1,700,000 Interest on.debt 27,763,527
Revenue
Expenditure
Army and navy 1,500,000 Arrnytnery, 5cc.16,462,350
Civil list
By this we perceive that in 1760 the revenue was
and that in 1849 it is something
under2b
tthat per head.
In 1760 the eighth part of the revenue went to pay
p:mro head,unt
the funded debt; and the same for the army and navy,
while in 1849 seven parts out of the eight are required.
The debt has multiplied since 1760 sixteen times in
amount; the population about fivefold, and the revenue
about fivefold also.

The army and navy expenditure has also increased
since that period about fourteen times the amount; and
The Civil List has trebled. George 11. had 800,0001.
a year for his civil list, out :of which he took 60,0001.
for his family. George 111. bad 1,110,0001. for his fa-
mily alone, independent of the civil list.

W. A. J.

AMERICAN THEATRICALB.—Mr9. Fanny lietnblis
Butler is giving Shaltsperian readings at New Bed-
ford, Mass., with great success. Madame Anna Bishop
has been singing at Mobile, U.S., with éclat; her tour is
likely to be eminently successful. The talented Vien-
noise Children, according to the last accounts received
from Boston, have been drawing crowded audiences there.
Mr Redmond Ryan, the Irish vocalist and comedian, late
of the Adelphi, has been engaged at the Front-street
Theatre, Baltimore. Miss Fanny Wallack has closed a
very successful engagement at Baltimore, and has re-
sumed her processional duties at the Broadway Theatre.
THE IRON TRADE OF SOUTH STAFFORDSHIRE.--
' LIAN:AVORTH, 1 HURSDAY ETENING.—To-day, at two
o'clock, the private preliminary meeting of the iron-
masters of this district was held at Bolton's, the new inn
in this yill•ige, wl:en, we are sorry to say, the state of the
trade was r(T:Ated to be such as to render a further re-
duction of 305. per ton necessary. This makes a reduc-
tion of 3W. per ton on the declared prices of last quarter
day, and with no prospect of improvement. We were in-
formed by one of the most extensive masters in the dis-
trict that wo might report trade as bad. The falling aria
\
the consumption of railway iron cannot be supplied by
the ordinary demands of trade, and the powers of pro-
duction having so greatly increased the supply is greater
thau quantity required.

THE SLAVE-TRADE POLICY OF

ENGLAND.

The following letter from the Western Coast of
Africa gives a picture of the results of our slave-trade
policy, which, though drawn by no favourable hand, is
yet, we believe, in the main correct:—
(From the Weser Zeitung.)
You have desired me to give you some account of the
measures which England takes for the suppression of the
slave trade, the reports in the English papers being such
that no implicit reliance can be placed upon them. I
will, therefore, state to you a few of the facts which
'.ave come to my knowledge during the last few months.
T h tywill enable you to get a clear view of the state of
ffairs, and the chances of security for life and property
the traders on this part of the coast.
The Fame, and the Seymour Taylor, two British
vessels, which in October, 1848, were to be sent from
Sierra Leone to the British West Indies with a cargo of
so-called " free emigrants," lay, with a number of emi-
grants or slaves that had been sent on board shortly
after the arrival of the vessels, about four weeks in
the harbour of Sierra Leone. The reason of
this delay was the impossibility of procuring
the full number of what they please to call
" passengers." There was, indeed, a large number
of them in the Queen's slave-yard, but the slaves
refused to quit Africa, and, in spite of all the per-
suasions of the British agents, and, indeed, in spite of a
liberal distribution of victuals and drink, but a very
few could be induced to go on board. All means were
found unavailing, and, as the vessels could not remain
any longer, a lot of bl4cks, sufficient to make up for
the deficiencies of the cargo, were put into British
uniforms and marched on board with a strong escort of
troops. The smaller boys and girls, from six to twelve
years of age, had already been shipped as free emigrants.
It is hard to conceive how these children could be made
to understand the object and the manner of their emi-
gration. _ _

Slavers with their cargoes are frequently brought to
the harbour of Sierra Leone. The blacks are frequently
transferred on board an English emigrant vessel. Of
course, it is said they are voluntary agents, and care is
always taken to pick out the best and strongest men for
the special service of her Majesty. They are kept back,
drilled, and sent to join the regiments in the East and
West Indies. This proceeding is called a free enlist-
ment.
Above three handred slaves who absolutely refused to
be shipped off were lately brought to a village near
Sierra Leone. They all ran away the very first night
which they had to pass in their new abode. The reason
for their flight may be found in the fact of their being
locked up in the slave-yard for many months—a
course of treatment which they cannot bear. As for
colonization, they are utterly ignorant of the meaning of
the word.

At this moment we have an inquiry into the conduct
of an overseer, who it appears curtailed the rations
given out for the slaves by one-half and more, while
be appropriated the profits of this infamous proceed-
ing to his owe use. Dr. Lawson, an eminent physi-
cian, by whom the inquiry was set on foot, found
that however well and healthy the !laves might be
when brought from the slave ship, no sooner had they
pass,d Pottle weeks in the slave-yards than they grew
weak and chhtlitated, and complained of pains in the

bowels. The mortality too increased at a fearful rate.
In the course of the inquiry it was found that the con-
tract for rice which the Government had made with Mr.
C. Hedda had not been mide use of, as the overseer
us: d to feed the slaves with inferior victuals, keeping
the profits to himself.
The practice of taking the slaves to Sierra Leone
increases their sufferings. The voyage from the
lower coast to this port is often longer than that
to the Brazils, and it has happened that a vessel
which was taken about sixty miles from a Brazilian
port was brought back to Sierra Leone. Of course,
this caused many deaths en hoard, for the slavers
havina, lost all interest in the cargo are very negligent
of the wants of the slaves on their passage to an
En.;lish l--iibour. Many of the slaves too are
killed t:.(1 wounded by the English guns, for
the British sailors, anxious to take possession,
give thc shivers at once full broadsides of
graps and canister, without caring for the lives
of those on board. The prize money is calculated at so
much per head, no matter whether the blacks are alive or
dead; and as for the vessel, which is burnt or cut up
atter its reaching shore, all the sailors care for is to
tonnage.
Of course no mention is made of these facts in the
English papers, and John Bull flatters himself he f,r-
wards the ends of philanthropy with the money which
he expends for the suppression of the slave trade.
Truly one might ask the question whether it can be the
intention of the nations of Europe to allow England to
support the slave trade in this manner, while she pursues
bar own ends? And is it right in us to connive at such
proceedings, which do not protect the Africans, and
which, by a course of arbitrary vexations, endanger the
lives and properties of the traders on the coast?
And why? Only because the policy of England de-
mands the annihilation of the trade of the Brazils, of
Cuba, and of other places; since even her own West
Indian colonies are sacrificed to the possession of the
East Indies. For if the populations of Africa were really
to be benefited it would be necessary to adopt quite

another system; which might perhaps in 25 years do
that which the present system has not done for them in
the last 50 years, and which it is very far from doing
now.

AUSTRIA.
THE WAR IN HUNGARY.

VIENNA, JUNE 23.—The Wiener Zeitung of this
day contains the following official report of Lieut. Field-
Marshal Wohigemuth to the Commander-in-Chief of
the Army in Hungary, from which it appears that
the Magyars have been successively dislodged from
their positions at Peres, Also-Szelly, Kiratz, Rew-
berg, by the united forces of the Russian and Austrian
troops :
" The enemy had taken up a position at Perea,
but fell back, and were pursued into the village by
the main body of the Russians and the brigade of
Potts.

" Also-Szelly was occupied early in the morning
by the enemy, but was evacuated by them without
coming to an engagement.
" A combat took place between Szelly and Kiratz-
Reus ; the enemy was driven back, and Kiratz and
Rew taken, and then occupied by the Brigade
Tbeising, while the Russian column were ordered
against the enemy's flanks towards Perea.
" The Brigade Perea advanced and took up the
left flank towards Hatwanyi ; it appears that no en-
gagement took place there, but I have not yet re-
ceived the report.
" The two columns on the right and left flank
were most effectual in their operations."
On the Field, near Perea, June 21, 1849.
Two o'Clock r

A telegraphic dispatch announces the defeat of
the insurgents, under Georgey, who is now in full
retreat across the Waag, with 30,000 men and 80
cannon.

KING BOMBA AND HIS TELE-

SCOPES.

The following extract of a private letter from
Rome may, perhaps, be found amusing :
" Daring the last exploits of the Neapolitan army
against the Republic of Rome, General Garibaldi
pressed the soldiers of the King so close that in their
wonderfully rapid march back to their own fron-
tiers a part of the military baggage of his
Majesty fell into the hands of his indefatigable par-
suers. Amongst other warlike articles were found
eight beautiful telescopes which the King highly valued,
as two of them belonged to no less a personage than the
Emperor Napoleon, by whom they had been given to
Murat. You are aware that superstition is the ground•
work of the Neapolitan character, and Ferdinand de Bour-
bon is a Neapolitan to the very core. His Majesty, in a
series of bloodless manoeuvres at the Campo Marso, found
to his infinite satisfaction that the Neapolitan telescopes
(as he used to call them), had wonderfully served in
giving him that military coup d'ceil which is so essential
a quality in a commander-in-chief of an army, and par-
ticularly when that army consisted of Neapolitans. It
is said that when his Majesty left Gaeta and received the
accolade of the Holy Father, before placing himself at the
head of his soldiers to join the French Republicans in the
crusade against the Republican Eternal City, he implored
his Holiness to bless the whole of his telescopes, and
particularly the two which had belonged to Napoleon.
The King and his army reached Velletri (40 miles from
ROme) sans coup fifrir. But, alas! one fine morning,
while his Majesty was in the act of reconnoitring the
country with the marvellous telescopes, clouds of dust
were seen rising trom the Consular-road and ap-
proaching Velletri, just like the serpentine line of
smoke left behind her by a the
high sea. The King, by a natural instinct, i„ once
in
ordered a retrograde movement in the directionor
'
his own kingdom. The telescopes had already warned
him of the prudence of such a step. The Neapolitans
began to sing their domestic melodies, but not before
the Roman forces, so fortunately discovered by the
telescopes, were at their heels. A sauce qui peut ensued,
and muskets, swords, and havresacs were thrown away
to accelerate the march, and i: was during that terrible
confusion that the telescopes, being now deprived of
their virtue by the too near approach of the enemy,
were lost. It is positively asserted that the King of
Naples, deeply affected by what may be termed his
life preservers,' has offered the Triumvirate the sum of
24,000 ducats for their ransom; but the Romans have
answered that they will not part with them at any price,
as they are quite certain it is only by their instrumen-
tality they will for the future be allowed the honour of
seeing his Majesty."