The Sun.
London, England, 1831-09-12 00:00:00

FRENCH PAPEnS.

(From the Moniteur of Friday.)
Letters have been received from Vienna, Dresden, and
Berlin, containing ample details of the melancholy occur-
rences which have taken place at Warsaw. The Patriotic
Club has long excited alarm in the minds of the well-dis-
posed portion of the inhabitants. The most dangerous
doctrines were professed by them, and it was easy to fore-
see that, emboldened by the weakness of the Government,
the members of that society would sooner or later give
themselves up to violent excesses. The pretended plot, in
consequence of which Generals Jankowski and Rukowski
were arrested, is generally looked upon as unfounded ; no
proof had been produced against them. Nevertheless, the
Government, through pusillanimity, abstained from pro'•
claiming their innocence, and preferred delaying the )udg-
meat. By this system of timidity it gave satisfaction to
no one, and irritated those whom it wished to flatter.
On the other band the plan laid down by General Skrzy.
neeki, which led to his being accused of treason, and the
necessity of remaining upon the defensive after so many
promises of attacking and heating the Russians, all concurred
to encourage and facilitate the projects of the anarchists.

After they had formed their plan, the Patriotic Society
assembled in t'ne afternoon on the 15th ult., and about
seven o'rluerc proceeded to the Palace of the Government,
where Qiey demanded that General Skrzynecki should be
tried. The Government promised it, but this act of
werAness only served to increase the audacity of these blood-
thirsty men. Their numbers constantly increased. It
was composed of officers of the army, Lithuanian refugees,
and some of the populace, who marched amitht cries of
vengeance towards the Royal Palace, in which were con-
fined persons accused of having formed a conspiraty in fa-
vour of the Russians.

The guard of the Palace was intrusted to about 200 men,
who, if they had done their duty, might have prevented
them penetrating into it. They began, it is true, by bar-
ricading the doors; and firing off into the air several
mu:arets, upon which the multitude retired ; but the ring.
leaders, after haranguing them, made them advance again.
Count Ostrowaki, Commander of the Civic Guard, came
up, and, according, to one of the letters, had the baseness
to say that arms had not been given him to destroy his
countrymen. The Palace gates were then broken into ; the
multitude rushed in, and the mob was increased by a part
of the Guards.

General Jankowski was seized first and hanged en a
lamp-post.

Soon after Generals Salacki, Hurtig, and Bukowski,
M. Fanshaw, Chatnberlain of the Emperor, and Madame
Bazanow, were put to death in the same manner. The
daughter of that lady was pierced through and through
with a sabre for attempting to defend her mother, Thee
unfortunate victims were mutilated after having been
killed. The details are too horrid to he related.

The rage of the assassins continued unrelenting. They
proceeded to a prison in which were confined some agents
of the old police, and afterwards to the hong: of correc-
tion, where they re-commenced the carnage. Men im-
prisoned on slight charges, and strangers to politics, were
murdered. About sixty individuals perished in that dread-
ful night. _ . . . _ _ _

It appears that General Krukowiecki had dsck,reil him-
self Governor of the city, and that the National Govern-
ment confirmed him in that office the next morning. But
his efforts were insufficient to arrest the anarchists, because
there were no troops of the line at Warsaw, and because
the Civic Guard could not be depended upon. Several
murders were committed on the 16th ; at three o'clock in
the afternoon, a Russian officer, who had been wounded
and made prisoner, was taken out of a cart arid hanged in
the street, because it was reported he was a Prussian. I-ic
was, however, a native of Courland.
The Chief of the Government, to whom it is but justice
to say that he and one of his colleagues alone sustained in
the Directory sentiments of nwderation and ortle'.4, sots
from the very beginning the obj et of threats, and was
compelled to fly for protection to the army, which he hap-
pily joined about two o'clock in the morning. Upon the
reports he made to the Generals, the regiments nearest the
city were ordered to march into it, and entered accordingly
on the evening of the 16th. General Krukowiecki was
then enabled to establish order, and the night passed with-
out disturbance ; but had it not been for the arrival of the
troops, bloody scenes would probably have taken place.
Lists of proscriptions, were circulated, in which appeared
the most distinguished names. Every man who did not
assent to the most execrable proceedings of fury was
marked by the club as sold to the Russians, On the
lith, in the morning, not a single murderer had been ar-
rested, though the town bad been under martial law for
upwards of twelve hours.
The Government felt its want of strength, and that it
was impossible for it to repair the evil it hail committed
or suffered, consequently it adopted the advice of Prince
Czartoryski, who had returned, and yielded up its autho-
rity. The Diet hastened to confer on General Kruko-
wiecki a species of Dictatorship, with the title of Presi-
dent of the Government, adding six Ministers to execute
his orders, who were to be named by himself.
On the 17th the new Chief arrested the most promi-
nent of the murderers, who were pointed out by public
indignation, and instituted a Court-tnartial, with authority
to try and condemn them. On the following day be pub-
lished an energetic proclamation, and dissolved the club.
Since the 16th public order has not been disturbed.

Our Vienna correspondent has received intelligence to
the 25th of August. At that date the ferment was very
great, and the conduct of the new Chief, though energetic,
did not suffice to calm it. The punislunents had not been
proportioned to the number and atrocity of the crimes.
Four obscure assassins had just been shot, bat the men
who were pointed cut by public opinion as the chiefs of
the insurrection and the real authors of the massact e bad
been spared. Several of them, after having been arrested,

were set at liberty upon the pretext that there were ilot
sufficient proofs against them. Among these were two
priests, clubbists, who had been seen stirring up the mur-
derers. It is not supposed that any further judicial in-
quiry will be made into this horrible affair. This im-
punity excites the apprehensions of well-disposed people.
Nevertheless the firm and active character of the President
inspires some hope. If, on the one hand, some dema-
gogues have been loaded with favours, and the direction of
the police has been entrusted to editors of journals which
have promoted anarchy; on the other hand, two priests,
the most horrible and dangerous agitators, have been sent
away. The army promotions since the commencement of
the revolution have been so noinerous, ti,at upwards of
1,200 officers are lounging in the coffee-houses in danger-
ous idleness. The most consolatory act of the new Chief
is, his peremptory interdiction against any future meeting
of the club.
The terror inspired by these events in the town has
completely diverted all attention from the movements of
the army. A commission had been sent on the 9th to
head-quarters at Bolinow, which declared that though a
part of the army still retained its confidence in General
Skrzyznecki, it was necessary to remove him from the
command. These Commissioners chose General Dem-
binski. General Skryzneeki's conduct on this occasion
was truly noble; he presented his successor to the troops,
and offered to take the command of a division under him.
It is, however, reported that he has since left the army,
by order of General Krukowieclsi.
If General Skrzyneeki has exposed himself to reproach
for too much timidity and delay, the army is affected with
another complaint—an immoderate ardour for fighting has
alackenened the just restraint of discipline in almost all
the regiments. All the Generals concur in opinion that
it would be madness to attack the Russians within their
lines. Consequently, on the 14th, the army commenced
a retrograde movement, and at length retired within the
entrenchments at Warsaw, though harassed in its march
by the Russians. It would not, however, have expe-
rienced any sensible loss but for the imprudence of Colonel
Legallois, a French officer, who, in making a reconnois-
sance with two battalions of the old troops, three squa-
drons of horse, and two field-pieces, advanced further than
he was ordered, and was taken prisoner with the whole
of his detachment.
Head-quarters are established at one of the barriers of
the city, and all the different corps are concentrated within
a small circuit.
Marshal Paskewitsch, who has been joined by a part
of the corps of General Rudiger, is encamped at about two
German miles off. It is not, however, expected that he
will mike an attack. Nothing has occurred but alight
skirmishes.
Two corps have been sent off by the Poles, one into the
Palatinate of Podlachia, and the other into that of Plozk.
The first, which is the most considerable, is under the com-
mand of General Romarino. This expeeition, by com-
pelling Golowin to retire, has bad the effect of making
way for the entrance into the city of a considerable supply
of provisions, which will enable it at least to prolong the
struggle.
A r. port, however,
had returned
on the evening of
the 27th, that the Russians tappears, however, in force to Minsk,
and that a battle had ensued. I
cer-
tain, that the main body of the Polish army, supported by
the entrenchments of the town, has not been seriously en-
gaged. As it is not likely to re-assume offensive operations,
temporary barracks are erecting under the guns of the for-
tifications.
Such is the critical, but, at the same time, imposing
tpoi
po-
sition of the Polish army. What will be the issue of h
heroic resistance ? We may, however, venture to predic
that it is not yet decided, if order should continue to pre

vial in the city, and the new thief of the Government
should display an inflexible firmness.

These letters enclose copies of several proclamations.
The first announces to the people and the army the ap-
pointment of General temhinski to the chief command
of the troops. This is signed by Prince Ctartoriski, as
President of the Governments The next is addressed to
the inhabitants of Warsaw) and, after noticing the insur-
rection that had tiken place, calls upon them to preserve
order and tranquillity, lest the army, encamped under their
walls, should be rendered uneasy and their courage and
energy, so necessary at the present crisis, should be shaken.
It adds that the Patriotism and zeal of General Kru-
kowiecki, retently appointed by the National Government
to tle Governor of the city, was a guarantee to the inha-
'bitants for the tranquillity of the town and the security of
their persons and property. A 'third proclamation, by
Count Krukowieckis is as follows :