The Sun.
London, England, 1849-10-20 00:00:00

TIIP, SUN;

Observing the determined attitude assumed by the
Governments of France and England, the AUTOCRAT
cannot seriously venture to persist with force of arms
in his insolent demand of extradition. Turkey,
although apparently isolated, is, in reality, shielded
fro.n the grasp of Russia by the awe-inspiring co-
operation of the Cabinets of St. James's and of the
Elytia. It is true that the CZAR may endeavour—
nay, it is certain that he is actually en-
deavouring, to escape from his present dilemma
by a blustering affectation of authority. Only
three days since, one of the aides -de-camp of
the Empefor NICHOLAS, accompanied by M.
DB Kismarr, the Russian ChargS d'Affaires
at Paris, waited upon the Foreign Minister
of the French Republic, for the purpose of
trying the effect of a bullying interview. lie had
the insolence, indeed, to assure M. DE TOCQUEVILLE
that his imperial master would regard as a easus
belli the approach of a French fleet to the Dardanelles.
Considering that such a maritime movement has
been rendered imperative solely by the aggressive
attitude assumed by Russia towards the Sublime
Porte, sucVa declaration cannot be considered as
otherwise than a daring and flagrant act of imperti-
nence, to say the very least of it, towards the French
Republican Government. Aware, moreover, that
England yet more than France is implicated in
the transactions which have latterly taken place
in Constantinople, we may anticipate that the repre-
sentative of NICHOLAS may have the matchless effron-
tery to communicate a similar resolution to her
Britannic Mases Ty's Foreign Secretary. What
would be the instant reply of Lord PALMERSTON
may be readily conjectured. As a statesman not less
sensitive upon all matters relating to the treatment of
his country, and not less haughty in his vindication
of her dignity than Mr. CANNING was wont to be
when presiding over her destinies, we can conceive
his being irritated into a somewhat more indignant
rejoinder than the one placidly articulated by M. DE
TOCQUBVILLE—nameIy, that he and his Ministerial
colleagues would regard as a eases the entry
of a Russian army into the Turkish dominions. As
far as that goes, the soldiers of the AUTOCRAT are
even now, to all intents and purposes, within the
frontiers of the Ottoman territory. In overrunning
the Danubian provinces, they are overrunning
countries appertaining more to the SULTAN than to
the CPAR. In occupying the capital of Bucharest
they have seized upon the metropolis of that Wal
lachia whose governance rightfully belongs to ABDUL-
MESCHiD. M. DB TOCQUEVILLE possibly does not
find it exactly convenient to recognise so much
overtly, and therefore contents himself with asserting
that France -will regard as a camas Belli the entrance
of a Russian army into the Turkish dominions.
Aware of the horror with which the inhuman de-
mands of the AUTOCRAT were learnt by the
British population, acquainted with the resolute
character of the British statesman now acting as
Foreign Secretary, and conscious of the heroic atti-
tude at once assumed on his own responsibility by
the British Ambassador at Constantinople, we are
anything but surprised to find that Austria is now,
at the eleventh hour, striving to reconcile the estranged
councils of the SULTAN and the AUTOCRAT. It has been
found that England is true to her own generous im-
pulses, that -her foreign relations are watched with
unAinking vigilance by Lord PALMERSTON, and that
wherever the blow may fall, as in the case of Sir
STRATFORD CANNING, there the agents of her diplo-
macy are prepared forthwith to abide by the principles
of justice, humanity, and general rectitude. Having
acquired this brilliant but unwelcome assurance that
England at least will not consent to witness the per-
petration of an jige upon Christianity, and the
attempt at retr 4ion in civilization, Austria is
herself evincing a disposition to retract, and is now
using all her efforts to mitigate the requirements
made by the powerful but ruthless CZAR upon the
weak but noble-hearted Camel'. At first the pig.
matum (it will be remembered) was the immediate
extradition of the Hungarian refugees at Widdin.
At last that ultimatum appears to be shrinking to a
request that those fugitives shall be speedily
conveyed from Turkey to some more distant
country, for example, to England or to America.
• Already the Viennese Cabinet has consented to these
concessions, and, according to reports now prevalent,
its agents are using every persuasion to bring the
Cabinet of St. Petersburgh to consent to the same
Should Russia still continue violent
compromise.
the result must inevitably be war. Should the
AUTOCRAT, on the contrary, yield to the advice of his
German ally, and to the dictates of rational prudence,
he will be degraded in the eyes of Europe—the
prestige of his insolence will have vanished. His
influence will no longer continue predominant
at Constantinople, it will be replaced by the influence
of the liberal Governments of Western Europe, but
especially by that already exercised by England on
the shores of the Bosphorus.
Of this we are satisfied—France assuredly, Eng-
land certainly, will not be deterred by the bluster of
ny Russian aide-de-camp, or charge d'affaires, from
rending her fleets, if required by humanity, to the
channel of the Dardanelles. Baulked in her insolent
demands upon the SULTAN, Russia will not find her
braggadocio one jot more successful either in regard
to France or to England. If driven to the last

extremity, and I orced to wage war against Turkey,
supported by tl v e French Republic and Great 131.itain,
Russia, like i `ler colleague Austria, will find her
vaunted strengt.i palsied by remorse—that vengeance
wreaked by cons., i!ier.ce upon crime. Then she may
find full reason to exclaim in the sorrowful language
of MASSINGER

Some undone w idow sits upon mine arm,
And takes awa:j its strength. rly sword is glued
To its worn scabbard by poor orphans' tears.'

____.._
Is Ireland to continue for ever a dark puzzle in the
history of nations ? Her present condition is calcu-
lated to sicken the heart, and make her friends turn
away in despair, if not in loathing—from one end to
the other there is scarcely a spot upon which the eye of
the philanthropist can rest with the smallest hope for
her amelioration ; east, west, north, south—to what-
ever point you turn there seems to be one wide-spread
combination against law and order. In Ulster the
demon of religious feuds has armed one insane and
wicked faction against the other. The Orangeman
and Ribbonman, setting at defiance all law, human
and Divine, are panting with the fury of wild beests
to shed each other's blood. In other parts of that
wretched land a general conspiracy against the rights
of property strikes at the very foundation of social
order and civilization. The Orangeman of the north
is resolved to imbrue his hands in the blood of the
Papist—the conspirator of the south no longer seeks
the shade of night to do his evil deeds, but in open
day bares his red right hand, and strikes down his
victim on GoD's holy Sabbath! The Sunday shines
no holy-day for the murderer of the south. On the
day, nay, perhaps the very hour, when millions are
pouring forth their orisons to the throne of GOD, he
crawls to the wayside to shed the blood of his fellow-
man, and send him unprepared before his MAKER,
Such at this moment is the anomalous state of a
country rich in all the resources to make
a nation great and happy, with a people
naturally full of high and generous im-
pulses, and who, by their industry and genius, wii:
their way to the highest places in every country on
the habitable globe, save only their own ill-fated land.
If we were learned in the lore of the astrologers; if
we were believers in astral influences, we would be
disposed to think it hopeless to contend against the
malignant star which would seem to rule the destiny
of Ireland. But firmly believing that it is not in their
stars, but in themselves, that we are to seek the cause
of their wretchedness, we do not despair. We have
too much reliance on British Law—we have too
strong faith in the prudence, firmness, and wisdom of
the Nobleman who is entrusted with its administra-
tion : we believe that Lord CLARENDON
will act with an energy suited to the
occasion, and will make the law equally respected by
the pampered peer and the rebellious peasant, by the
bloodthirsty Orangeman and the vindictive Ribbon-
man. The crisis of Ireland has, we believe, arrived.
Lord CLARENDON'S fitness to govern that country is
again about to be tested; on the issue depends the
future destiny of Ireland. The Orangemen of the
north are, it seems, determined to measure swords
with the constituted authorities. They threaten to
wreak vengeance on the Catholics for the insult, as
they deem it, put upon Lord RODEN and upon BEERS.
Preparations are making for a deadly onslaught on the
sth of November; the shout of "to Hell or Connaught,"
is again to be raised in the north, because magistrates
have been relieved from duties which they refused to
discharge ; because Lord CLARENDON did an act
approved of by all the good and wise in both island',
the furious bigots of the north are in a blaze. Lord
CLARENDON, armed with right and law, can afford to
despise the insane vauntings of these lip-loyal Orange
men, who shouted Protestant ascendancy when they
were not interfered with in the innocent pastime of
shooting Papists. But the moment it is announced
that these Papists are to receive the protection of
British law—the moment the principle of equal and
impartial laws to all her MAJESTY'S subjects is enun-
ciated, then the Ulster Orangemen throw off the
flimsy disguise, and stand forth in open hostility to
those laws which their long unpunished ruffianism
led them to believe were made exclusively for them-
selves.
Yet these are the men who dare to ask for the
sympathy of the manly and generous people of Great
Britain ; these are the men who would appeal to the
sympathies of a common faith and a common origin,
with the law-loving and common-sense people of
England. dome BULL repudiates the claim, rejects
the unholy alliance; he has nothing in common
with such hyenas. If the brave and manly English-
man meets his adversary in fair open fight, he will
seek the victory by every means of courage and
manhood, but the moment the fight is over, and the
guerdon won, he is ready to stretch forth
his right hand to his gallant foe, and,
whether victor or vanquished, is alike free from
vain boasting or vindictiveness ; he would
not continue for ages to trample upon a fallen foe,
nor add insult to defeat. The fair-play-loving people
of England have no sympathies with the Orangemen
of Ulster. The Orange magistrates of the County
Down abdicated the functions of their office when
they refused to administer the laws, and make evil-
doers amenable to justice; and the Irish Viceroy
would have been guilty of treason to the Constitution
if he did not vindicate the majesty of offended justice
by removing the Castlewellan magistrates from the
commission of the peace; and Lord RODEN, Lord
ANNESLEY, and the Marquis of DIAINSLIIKE would be
much better employed in improving the wretched
condition of the bleak and barren neighbourhood of
the late scenes of blood and massacre than in
giving countenance to the violaters of the
law. Castlewellan, the property of one or two
of these noblemen, is a disgrace to the north ; no part
of the south or west could exceed it ; in squalor,
poverty, and neglect, it stands out amid the industry
and general improvement of the north a plague spot
and a curse, as savage and uncivilised as its inha-
bitants.
There was one circumstance connected with the
investigation at Castlewellan, to which we intended
on former occasions to advert—we mean the attempt
cn the part of a Noble Lord to deprive the unfortu
nate relatives of the fallen victims at Dolly's Brae of
the benefit of legal assistance ; but the manly and
resolute manner in which the rude insolence was met
by a young professional gentleman, Mr. REA, of Bel-
fast, deserves the highest praise. He sustained with calm
dignity the rights of his profession and the interests
of his humble clients, and gave insolent power a
lesson which is not likely to be forgotten. It is
hopeful and refreshing to see such RAYS irradiating
the black North. While there are such Protestants
in Ulster, we have no fears of the ultimate triumph
of the law and the permanent establishment of peace
and order. But the Irish Executive must bold the
reins with a firm, even, and impartial hand, and it
the assassins of the South and the murderous fac-
tionists of the North will not hear the voice of the
law through any other channel, it must make itself
heard and obeyed even through the cannon's mouth.

THEATRICALS AT WINDSOR CASTLE.—By com-
mand of her Majesty Mr. Grieve, the celebrated scenic
artist, is busily engaged in preparing the scenery for
the ensuing winter performances. Mr. Grieve, in con•
i"netion with the first artists of the day, is also pre-
paring for the next season a grand pictorial exhibition,
for which those splendid premises known as Nash's Gal-
lery, Regent-street, are undergoing the necessary alte-
rations.
Silt ROBERT PEEL IN CARLISLE.—Sir R. Peel,
his lady, and daughter, arrived here from Scotland, by
the Caledonian Railway, on Monday, and soon after-
wards proceeded to visit Sir James Graham, Bart., at
Netherby. They returned here on Wednesday fore-
noon, and proceeded southward by the express train, at
half-past one o'clock. A considerable number of people
assembled on the platform of the General Station to
ebtain a sight of the man who has borne so important a
part in the affairs of this country for so many years,
and
had their wishes fully gratified. On taking his seat in
the carriage he was greeted with several cheers by the
assembled crowd, for which he made one of his politest
bows in return. The Right Hon. Baronet appears to be in
excellent health, although years are beginning to tell
upon him.—Carlisle Journal.
The Queen Dowager is very ill, and the stupid
feeling of Dowagerolatry which exaggerates the benevo-
lence of this good lady absurdly, is breaking out in
all sorts of apprehensionss°
as tothe'consequences which
.
would result from her death. The Queen
d .Dowager is a
kind-hearted and benevolet lady,
re-
spect, but her enormous pension should eserving great
.qualify the praise
which her Highness's adulators throwupon her deeds. of
charity. They are calling for a special prayer and hu-
miliation t,.) be " ordered" fur the preservation of her
lice.— rfrestrn Times.
BELGIAN POULTRY.—The supplies of poultry from
Belgium at the present time to the metropolis are par-
ticularly large. The steam-ship Triton, just arrived
Crum Ostend, has brought 113 cases of poultry of
various kinds, as a portion of the cargo, Incluing large
quantifies of rabbits, which abound in that county.

E FRENCH P U BLI C.

We have received the Paris papers of yesterday.
A duel tock place on Thursday evening between
M. TilIkES end DI. Bixio, in consequence of an in-
cident occurred in the course of the discussion

of the Retnan question in the Assembly. It will be
recollected that M. MATI:IEU in the course of his

speech declared that M. TRIERS had said that the
election of Louis BONAPARTE as President would

be disgraceful to France, whereupon M. TIMERS ex-
claimed," I never =aid so;" upon which M. Bixio
said, in a loud tone, " I heard the words." Great

agitation followed, and M. Till Ens immediately sent
a message to M. Bixio, and both parties proceeded,
accompanied by their, seconds to the Bois
de Boulogne, where they Exchanged shots without
doing ,any mischief, whereupon the seconds
interfered, and they all returnrd to the Assembly
before the sitting was over. The following account
of the duel appeared in the Patric of Thursday

evening :
"Ei duel took place this afternoon, at about five
o'clock, b'etween M. Thiers and M. Bixio, in consequence
of what eccurred in the Assembly. The seconds of M.
Thiers mere MM. Piecatory end lleckeren, and those of
M. Blxio-MM. Favreau and Victor Lefrace. The duel
took place in the Bois de Boulogne, after vain attempts
at reconciliation. The principals fired twice, but neither
of them were wounded ; and the seconds then came for-
ward to put an end to the duel, declaring that the par-
ties had done all that their honour require d. M. Thiers
and M. Bixio returned to the Assembly just as the
sitting wes adjourned."
The National has the following:—
" Several representatives loudly expressed their asto-
nishment yesterday in the lobbies of the Assembly
at the extraordinary susceptibility of M. THrEas with
regard to M. Bum. These representative declared
that they had heard M. THIERS utter the words
which have been publicly attributed to him, and
which, up to the present moment, he had not thought
proper to deny.
The debate on the Roman question was adjourned.
The Evenement says—
" The Aids-de•camp of the Empercr of Russia, who
arrived yesterday iu Paris, has been presented to the
Ilinister„of Foreign Affairs, by M. Kisselef, the Russian
Chari,4 d'Affaires. Atter a long conference, the Russian
Envoy is said to have declared that the Emperor Nicholas,
founding his right upon the positive text of treaties,
would regard as u declaration of the war the entrance of
a French fleet in the Dardanelles. We are assured that
orders have been given to our fleet, nitich has just left
Toulon, to join the English fleet off Napl.-s."
At the sittings of the High Court of Versailles, on
Monday; M. CREMIEUX presented a protest, signed
by himself and all the advocates fur the defence, against
the insults offered them by the witness PETIT. The
protest was read in court and deposited
~with the
clerk.
M. VAVIN has addressed a letter to the journals
describing the progress that has been made in the
liquidation of the debts of the Orleans family. Two
instalments, each of twenty per cent., have been paid
to the artists, the builders, purveyors, workmen, &c.
All creditors for sums below 350 f. have been, or are
about to be, paid in full; and those of between 350 f.
and 1000 f. will also be paid off in a very short time
Arrangements have been made, and the funds
reserved to pay off in full before the end of the year
all the creditors of Madame ADELAIDE without
exception. The creditors for estates purchased have
been also called on to come and receive forty per cent.
on the amount due to them. The letter states that
the creditors which are not included in the above
division are the State, the Caisse des Depots et
Consignations, and the house of Messrs. ROTHS-
CHILD. The letter also calls on all those creditors
who by error or omission have not been included
in the above distributions to send in their claims,
which w ould have immediate attention.
The Republicans have gained a great triumph at
the Buurdeaux election, having returned their can-
didate by a very large majority over his Legitimatist
and Orleanist opponents. At the close of the election
the numbers were—
M. Lagarde (Republican)
M. Gauthier (Orleanist)
M. Ravez (Legitimatist) 7,000
The Gazette des .113pitau.x gives the gratifying
intelligence that not a single case of cholera occurred
either in the Hospice, the civil or military hospitals,
or the city of Paris on Wednesday. This was the
first day that a blank occurred in the returns, so far
as cholera is concerned.
PARIS BOURSE, FRIDAY, CCT. 19.

The market has acquired additional firmness to-day,
and prices at the close were again marked higher—
Threes leaving off at 55f. 75c., and Fives 86f. sc. The
market closed as follows :—Threes, for cash, 55f. 80c. ;
for account, 55f. 75v.; Fives for cash, 83f. sc. ; for ac-
count, 88f. 5c.: Bank of France Shares, 2,335 f.; Ntapo-
litan and Spanish not quoted.
RAlLwaxs.—The Snare Market has been firm, with
hut little variation in prices. Rouen closed at 5221. 50s. ;
Havre, 2351.; Avignon, 2171. 50z.; Vierz,m, 2881. 75e.;
6trasburg and Bale, 1021.50^.; Boulogne, 145 t.; Bor-
deaux, 400 f.; Northern, 426 f. 25c.; Paris and atrasburg,
846 f. 25c.; Nantes, 285 f.; Dieppe, 1801.
BUSINES-zi DUNE lii FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT LIE
LONDON STOCK-EXCHANGE, OCT. 19.
Boulogne and Amiens, st,4—Demerera, 1 —Orleans
and Bordeaux, `'?4 —Paris and Stra,bourg, 4%l—Rouen and
Havre, 834 ezdiv.—Tours and Nantes, 2,4.