The Sun.
London, England, 1822-09-10 00:00:00

[MORNING CHRONICLE.]

We fear there is but too much reason for be
lieving that the Greeks have been materially
injured by both English and Austrian agents,
but particularly the former. In every country
there are men who, for the sake of gain, set jus
tice and morality at defiance, and we of course
have our share of characters of this description.
14 there were Britons, who did not formerly
scruple to engage in the Slave Trade (nay who
do not now scruple to embark capital in it); we
cannot be surprised that persons unworthy of
the name, at present afford assistance, and
in various ways .to the Turks. We fear it is
but too true that agents for promoting divi-
sions among the Greeks, and spies on their
operations, have been sent in abundance among
them from the places under our rule.—Our
readers will see in, the account of the trial' at
Poitiers, that-the Procureur-General did all' but
directly accuse Messieurs La Fa),ette, Voyer
d'Argenson, Lafitt/r, Benjamin Constant, Foy,
Manuel, of being engaged in the plot. After enu-
merating the various occasions' on which their
names had been brought forward, he dwelt on the
intimacy between them and Berton. "' If the
Throne had beenoverturned, in whose hands, great
God, would the power have fallen i" It could not
have fallen into worse hands, surely, than those
who now have it. 44 Moral proofs abound in the
cause, but the material proofs, the only ones on
which an accusation can be established, or a con-
demnatin founded, these proofsare wanting—And
why ? It is not because they are innocent, but
because they conceal themselves behind their
agents, that. they envelop themselves in mystery,
that they correspond verD'ally ; they put for Ward
agents, they feed them with chimerical hopes,
and then endeavour to dishonour them."—The
words guilty and innocent were. never, perhaps,
more misapplied than in this. case. It is to be
hoped that Italy will not always be enthralled
to Austria, nor France to a family without hold
of the nationalfeeling,-and hostile to the national
interests. It certainly would not grieve us to
hear that the Bourbons had swelled the list of
ejected Dynasties,:

[Tin TIMES.]
As the meeting of the Congress draws nigh,
people are disposed to look with more attention

than at other seasons for such proofs or indica-
tions as may offer themselves, of the feelings
entertained by the great military Governments
of Europe, on questions of general interest. It
has been suspected that the deliberations of the
Congress about to meet would embrace a wider
field than that of the disputes between Greek
and Turk and Russian. The constitutions ac-
quired, or rather begun, by Spain and Portugal,
are represented to have infused much grave alarm
into the minds of those Sovereigns and Ministers
who dread the contagious influence of liberty
upon their own enslaved dominions. It is
even imagined, but probably without justice, that
measures for the forcible repression of whatever
power has been wrenched from Ferdinand and
the Inquisition, are to be adopted by the mem-
bers of the holy Alliance. If so, they will fail
in putting down the Spaniards, and they will
succeed in extending to other nations, that
blessing which is the object of Imperial and
Royal animosity. Portugal, too, stands in the
same peril, or, more correctly speaking, enjoys
the same security with Spain; and, we doubt
not, that as an attack upon the rights of Por-
tugal must be meditated, if those of Spain
are molested so it may be as well inferred
from the language used towards the Por-
tuguese Constitution, as if it had been the
Spanish Constitution itself, what sentiments are
cherished with regard to the conflict, unhappily
too obvious, between Ferdinand and his gallant
people. The Austrian Observer, the half-official
organ of the Court of Vienna, makes, in its num-
ber of the 27th ult., Portugal the formal subject
of a diatribe intended against freedom—we might
have said against mankind at large. That king-
dom though in profound tranquillity is said to have
no taste of real happiness, but to experience only
such repose as is the fruit of unconditional sub-
mission to a fate voluntarily brought upon them-
selves by the people. Can, then, a more exact
definition be furnished, of the sort of tranquillity
prevailing under a despotic Government, than
fruit of the unconstitutional submission of
its subjects to a fate involuntarily brought upon
them ? The art of writing is dangerous to certain
modes of dominion,even when exercised by their
own agents. Other topics of reproach are se-
lected against the Portuguese, but with no
greater semblance of discretion. The loss of
Brazil is most falsely attributed to the revolution
—as some days ago, in another impression from
the same mint, the loss of the Spanish colonies
was charged against the constitutional Spaniards ;
and both Governments are condemned to certain
ruin, from the same causes, and through the
same means, viz., the disproportion between the
o'yal power, and that of the other branches of
ie constitution.

[MORNING POST.]
We are much concerned to find by accounts
from Ireland, that owing to the great and general
distress i❑ the Western parts of that island, the
Fishermen along the coast of Galway are unable
this season to purchase Herring Nets as usual,
and that much anxiety is felt, lest from this cause
they may lose the proper opportunity for sup-
plying themselves, and of course a considera-
ble portion of the rest of the population,
with Fish for their subsistence. We do not
notice the circumstance immediately with

the view of suggesting any particular mode
of averting the apprehended evil. In the
present period of solicitous and active sym-
pathy for the sufferings of the unhappy people
of the sister country, it is quite enough that
attention should be merely pointed to the sub-
ject. The discriminating as well as generous
benevolence of those who have undertaken the
arduous task of administering relief to the dis-
tressed, will not, we are certain, allow so im-
portant a point to escape their observation, and
to them we most willingly confide it. It may,
however, be permitted us to seize a moment
when the subject of Irish Fisheries is incidentally
-before the public, to remark how vast a mine of
wealth in that branch of trade is not only un-
wrought hi Ireland, but almost totally neglected.
Mr. Grant, during his Chief Secretaryship, was
in truth the first person connected with the Ad-
ministration of Irish Affairs who actually did
any thing to foster a branch of Irish in-
dustry, which, whether we regard that coun-
try or this country. or the Empire at large, is
;of the greatest moment. The great desideratum
respecting the Irish Fisheries is the application
of ordinary commercial means to turn the bounty
of nature to account. As they are carried on
at present, for instance, on the very coast
of Galway already mentioned, and the rest
of the Western Coast of Ireland, generally
speaking, they waste the labour of those en
gaged, and make no adequate return what-
ever. Fishing is there carried on by the inhabi-
tants or the coast in as rude a manner as in the
Islands of the Pacific Ocean. Numbers of the
people follow it solely to obtain their daily sus-
tenance, without thinking at the utmost of more
than rounding the supply for the year. Others un-
doubtedly carry the trade farther, and extend
their views to the supply of the adjacent inland
districts, but this is the limit of their commercial
'horizon. There is, therefore, properly speak-
ing, no fishing trade carried on by the popula-
tion of the western coast of the island, "although

they are mostly fishermen, and alibi; ugh they
have the great Atlantic Ocean at their doors
abounding with every species of fish. Hence
the vast multitudes who inhabit that extensive
shore, and few, if any districts, even of Ireland,
are so thickly peopled, are reduced to nearly a
similarly vile and precarious subsistence as those
in the interior, whose existence depends sole'
on the hazards of a potato crop ; nor is it impro
bable but in certain parts the combination of the
two modes of subsistence may aggravate instead
of lighten occasional distress.

Tuesday, seven hair-dressers were fined 5.5.
each, at the Glasgow Police Court, for shaving on Sunday.
On Wednesday afternoon last, three large
stacks of hay standing at the foot cf. Cannongate-street, Aln-
wick, and belongihg to his Grace the Duke of NORI'IITIM-
'BERLAiiD, took fire, and notwithstanding the precaution had
been taken to build a chimney or funnel through the stacks,
they were so greatly heated and the combustion was so general
and violent, that every effort to save them was. unavailing.—
~( Durham Chronicle.),

CITY, MONDAY
EVENII•iG:

During Saturday and this day, the great abundance of money
has produced a considerable effect on the value of the British
funded debt. It would be much more for the welfare of the
country, if its surplus capital could beemployed, so as to obtain
living wages for the people. at the same time that it yielded a
good interest to its possessors. The distress which exists among
many classes of society, is certainly not diminished by the fa-
cility which the interest of the national debt affords for the em-
ployment of capital. This facility is undoubtedly as great a
national evil as the interest of the debt itself, for through its
means the man of capital can obtain an income proportionate
to the value of other descriptions of property, without calling
for the productive labour of any class of society. It is no
doubt true that there cannot be a seller withouta buyer, and
consequently it may be said that nobody can invest a sum of
money in the Funds without sonic other person Withdrawing
from thence an amount equal to that investment. There is,
however, in England an unfunded debt quite equal to consume
the sums occasionally withdrawn from the regular and fixed se-
curities, and the facility which the enormous amount of time
bargains affords to the capitalist of employing his money
in continuation, is in the highest degree prejudicial to the
agricultural and legitimate commercial interests. By means
of the National Debt, money commands an income without
producing a solitary mess, even of pottage, to any indivi-
dual, but land, ships, and every other description of pro-
perty must employ the people, if any income at all can be
produded from them. He who has made a fortune abroad,
generally, now on his return to his native country, in place
of purchasing land, building houses, ships, or acquiring
an income from the labour of the people by the employment of '
his property or lending his money to be in that way employed,
invests it in some national security or other, and takes his
income Out of taxes, extorted from the labour and capital
of the industrious, instead of acquiring it from labour, which
his own capital would otherwise have rendered productive.
Thus the ease with which an income can be obtained from,
capital in the National Debt paralyses industry, encou-
rages idleness, and oppresses all the active classes. It is
generally understood that the Bank of England cannot at
present make Five per Cent. of their original capital, and
consequently are unable any longer to pay out of their pro-
fits Ten per Cent. to the proprietors. It is therefore suspected
that they must either reduce the rate of their interest, or that
they must pay up a part of their capital, in order that they may
be able to continue the present rate of interest on the remainder.
The idea that at least a quarter of the Bank Stock will be re-
paid to the proprietors, adds confidence to the speculators for
an advance in the value of the funded debt, and no reports of
a disjointed Administration, no conviction of their imbecility
and weakness, no effort of the Holy Alliance for continuing
the present system, will probably prevent an advance. Though
ruin hangs over the heads of the landed interest, though the
shipping interest is hourly going into decay, and with it the
best defence of the liberties of the Empire, though it is notorious
that already the British Navy is so far degraded, that it cannot
protect British Commerce from piracy and robbery, and tho Ugh
commerce itself is depressed and unprofitable, though the inte-
res of the funded and unfunded debt has reached so enormous
an amount, still the wantrof more profitable employment for ca-
pital will probably throw such a quantity of money into the mar-
ket, as must produce a further addition to the value of every de-
scription of European public securities. Consols for the October
settlement have advanced to 81 during this day. They after-
wards fell to 811, occasioned by the reported indisposition of the
King,and finally closed at 811 buyers. In the Foreign Funds also
an immense quantity of business has been done, and the dealers,
after the gates of the Royal Exchange are closed, find it neces-
sary to collect themselves in Cornhill to finish their transactions.
An express from Paris brings the rentes on Saturday last at
94.25. a 941. Here Old Spanish Bonds have this day been sold
at 67 for the end of the month. Powerful attempts were made
last Saturday, and this day to advance the value of the New
Russian Loan, and they have been successful to the extent of i
one per cent. Still this is far from being a favourite security.
The late acts of the magnanimous ALEXANDER, including I
the restrictions and prohibitions which he has been pleased to
put on every description of import commerce, are not calculated
to give much confidence in the progressive prosperity or future
security of his empire. The Chili Stock has improved in value,
and there is a report that the Peru will also soon be registered
amongst the borrowers of British capital. The prices of every
description are as follows :
French * Five per Cents. with Div. from 22d March, 94 50.
Spanish * Five per Cents. of 1820 Dividend from Ist May,
—67 for the end of the month.
Ditto Five per Cent. Bonds of 1821, (sterling) Dividend from
Ist May, 64.
Russian * Six per Cents. Dividend from Ist July, 82.
Ditto * Five per Cents. (metallic) with Dividend from Ist
March, 81.
Ditto New Five per Cent. (metallic) Dividend from Ist Sept.
86,i 1.
Prussian Five per Cent. Bonds of 1818 (sterling) Dividend
from Ist April, 901.
Ditto of 1822 (sterling) Dividend from Ist July, 87.
Austrian * Five per Cents. (metallic) Dividend from Ist Fe-
bruary, 80.
Neapolitan * Five per Cent. Bonds, Dividend from Ist July,
77i
Danish Five per Cent. Bonds (sterling) Dividend from Ist
July, 88
Ditto * ditto Banco Marks, Dividend from Ist July, 861
Colombian Six per Cent. Bonds (sterling) Dividend from Ist
May, 86i.
Chilian Six per Cent. Bonds (sterling) Dividend from Ist
April, 821 31 A.
Marked * are subject to the rate of Exchange.
There is a wide difference betwixt raising the value of the
British Funds to an unnatural height, and lending surplus ca-
pital to foreign States. To place surplus capital into the Bri-
tish funds, and thereby to enhance their value, is neither more
nor less than rendering that surplus capital inactive, but by
lending it to needy foreign States, an interest is drawn for it
out of foreign labour, and it also enables these States to in-
crease their production so much as to render their payment for
those articles, which their wants require from England, both
secure and regular; for whatever money is exported from Eng-
land, either under the name of subsidy or loan, English in.
dustfy and art will soon draw back.
During last week, in Liverpool, the public sales of plantation
sugar went off rather heavily, and inferior and soft qualities did
not maintain their value. The quantity sold was 600 casks and
600 bags from Bengal. Bright yellow, rather damp, brought 68.
—middling white 70. to 72.—and good to fine 74. 3. to 75. 9. per
cwt. ; for foreign there was no inquiry —lOO puncheons of De-
merara molasses brought 24. 6. to 28. 9.' according to quality. '
Rums were very dnll, but there was no alteration in their value.
The coffee market was much the same as during the preceding
weck, particularly as regarded the better sorts of plantation.—
which being in demand sold readily, hut inferior quality was
nearly unsaleable. The sales of cotton were very large, amount-
ing to 11,522 bags, and, contrary to exptCation all that was'
offered went of freely and with great spirit, a number of dealers
and spinners attending : after closing the sales there was more
inquiry, and on the whole the market had a steady-appearance.
Owing to the advance on tallow, palm oil had risen to 251. and
`upwards of 600 tons had been sold.
From Petersburgh letters have been received, dated on
the 20th ult. by which the information has been communicated,
that British speculators had purchased 6000 casks of tallow at
98'to 100 rubles, and that the price then was 102 rubles. The
exhange had been at 10 6-32, but had declined to 10 5-32.
The supply of hemp and tallow from Russia will this season be
very large. The former is this day worth 391: perhaps 10s.
more. Tallow is exceedingly unsaleable at the same price.
At Mark-lane there is this day an extremely short supply
of every description of grain. During the week the arrivals of
wheat amounted to only 5346 qrs., of barley'46l qrs. malt 3040
quarters, and of oats 9,630 quarters. Fine qualities of wheat
sold' on rather better' terms than during the preceding week,
chiefly with a view to maintain the value of flour during the
short supply. Fine new barley has been sold at 325. a quarter
to needy maltsters. This ought not, however, to be considered
a fair value, for the first tolerable supply must reduce the
price. Old barley finds-few buyers, and does not undergo the
importation for the week ending the 31st
slightest improvement. Oats are also very dull. The average
prices for regulating
August, were for wheat 38s: 9d. barley 19s. Bd., and oats 17s.
4d. per quarter.—( Morning: Chronicle.)
9 I

LONDON SESSIONS.---The London Quarter Ses-
sions began yesterday, at Guildhall, before the LOUD MAYon,
Sheriff's, and Aldermen GLYI,?m, J. SMIT it, A/4 N ESLE Y, C.
THomPsoli, and Cox. The Court was unusually
crowded. Several minor cases, petitions, &c. were heard,
which being disposed of, the usual proclamations were read,
when the names of the Gentlemen summoned for the Grand
Jury were called over, many of whom were fined, for non-
attendance, 10/. each.—The Grand Jury being formed, the
RECORDER, in his charge to the Gentlemen who composed it,
lamented the heavy state of the calendar, which would press
.much on their attention. He in the most impressive manner
requested, in some of the cases, their notice. Cases of mnrder,
and some offences of a most
before them, as well as others
revolting
g hntae
tru,
rhe hwwoua
lydr ocbobme
ery'
of a minor kind, the natural attendants of all great and corn.
xnercial citiesi