The Sun.
London, England, 1849-08-01 00:00:00

BIRTHS IN THE WEEK.

Males
Females

Total ...

...1,313

*ln this number are included 783 cases of death by
Cholera, 32 by Scarlatina, 37 by Typhus Fever, and 224
by Diarrhcca.

THE CHOLERA.

RETURN OF CASES OF CHOLERA, JULY 31.
Attacks. Deaths.
In London and vicinity
In England and Wales
In Scotland

Total

547

250

THE PUBLIC HEALTH.
(From the Registrar- General's Return.)
Again the return indicates an increase on the ex-
cessive mortality of the previous week. The deaths
from all, causes, which in three previous weeks were
respectively 1,070, 1,369, and 1,741, rose to 1,931, a
number which is almost double the weekly average,
and exceeds that of the former week by nearly 200.
To compare these results With the deaths from all
causes in four weeks, when influenza was unusually
fatal, in the last quarter of 1847, it may be stated
that the mortality at that time increased in the fol-
lowing numbers :-1,086, 1,677, 2,454, 2,416, and in
the fifth week continued to decline. The deaths from
cholera, which in three previous weeks were 152,
339, 678, rose in the last to 7g3, a rate of increase
which it will be observed is not so great as in the
first weeks of the outbreak. But the deaths from
diarrhoea (fatal in a great majority of cases to chil-
dren) and dysentery, which in three previous
weeks were 54, 100, and 146, increased in
the last to 238, showing a more rapid
increase recently than the mortality from the more
malignant form of the disease. In the corresponding
week of 1848 the deaths from diarrhoea and dysentery
amounted to 187, a mortality which is almost as con-
siderable as the return of last week. The total deaths
from the three diseases in the present return were,
therefore, 1,021, whilst the weekly average of the
season is only 92, a result, when compared with the
excess of mortality from all causes, which shows that
the aggregate deaths from other diseases do not vary
much from the usAratnoimt. Smallpox, scarlatina,
and typhus, hovever, are now under the average,
especially the first two of these zymotics ; measles
and whooping- cough have fallen to the average.
Cholera was fatal last week to 382 males and 401
females ; previous ;eturns showed a majority, on
the other side. The districts on the south side of the
river still form the field on which the disease is
mdst active. The deaths from it, which in this region
were in three previous weeks, 93, 192, 443, rose last
week to 514. There is a slight decrease in the
eastern districts. In the western and northern, com-
prising Kensington, Chelsea, St. George (Hanover-
square), Westminster, St. llartin-in-the-Fields, St.
James, Marylebone, Pancras, Islington, Hackney, and
Hampstead, the deaths were only 68 against 53 in
the preceding week. The districts which show the
greatest mortality are Bermondsey, where 64 deaths
occurred last week, Newington, where there were 66,
St. George (Southwark), where there were 70, and
Lambeth, where there were 111.
The mean height of the barometer in the week
was 29'598. The temperature was generally below
the average during the week. 'The mean was 58
deg. 9 sec.
The following is extracted from the quarterly
return of the marriages, births, and deaths, regis-
tered in the divisions, counties, and districts of
England, published by the authority. of the Registrar-
General :

The following return comprises (1) the births and
deaths registered in all the districts of England during
the spring quarter ending June 30„ 1849; and (2) the
marriages in above 12,000 churches 'and chapels, 2,869
registered places unconnected with the Established
Church, and 623 superintendent registrars' offices, during
the quarter ending March 31, 1849.
Looking at all the circumstances of the country, the
general result of the return is favourable. The mar-
riages continue steadily at the average; neither swelled
by speculative expectations, nor depressed by idle doubts
of the adequacy of the industry, sentence, and nature -of
the country to supply its wants. The. births are increas-
ing. The deaths also increase; bat the health of the
country had quite recovered at the close of 1848 from
the destructive epidemics which raged, and were so fatal
to the people—and particularly the inhabitants of towns
—in the two years extending from the middle of 1846 to
the middle of 1848. The epidemic cholera, which reached
England in October, 1848, and.is now causing many
deaths in London, Liverpool, and other places, will, it is
true, increase the general mortality of the country in the
months of July, August, and September, as it did before;
but the ravages of cholera, of typhus, and of the in-
sidious influenza, which threaten the country, may be
greatly mitigated if the same talent and energy are ap-
plied to the improvement of the public health, as have
been applied to other great undertakings in which Eng-
land has engaged.
Cholera is a disease well calculated to excite alarm by
its wide, well-marked march over the world, the sud-
denness of its invasion, the sufferings it awakens, the
fatality of its attacks, the helplessness of medicine, and
the helplessness of 'its victims. But it cannot be denied
that the epidemic of cholera in 1832 aroused attention,
and led the way to sanitary inquiries and ameliorations,
which, however imperfect, have saved more lives than
cholera destroyed. For cholera is a health inspector
that speaks in language which nobody can misunder-
stand; it visits the prisoner in the hulk on the polluted
river, the neglected lunatic in his cell, the crowded
workhouse, the establishments for pauper children, the
sides of stagnant sewers, the undrained city, the un•
cleansed street, the cellar, and the attic; as well as the
fair open quarters which strangers frequent and admire.
The oversights, the errors, the crimes of persons who in
responsible offices have charge of the health and life of
men, are proclaimed aloud by this inexorable voice.
Registration did not exist in 1832; but it appears from
the returns then made to the Board. of Health, that in
Loudon 994 persons died of cholera in the first part of
the epidemic, extending from February 14 to May 15,
1832; 4,266 in the second part, extending from June 15
to October 31; and 15 in November and December. Al-
lowing for defective returns in 1832, it is not probable
that the fatality of cholera will be greater in 1849 than
it was then; or that the danger will amount to more
than this, that for a few weeks an inhabitant of London
will incur the same chance of dying in one week as 'he
usually incurs in two or three weeks. But it has been
shown in the annual registration reports, that in ordi-
nary times (1838-44) the chance of dying in London is
constantly 40 per cent. greater than in the neighbouring
counties. Taking the rates of mortality at each age for
1838-44, and the population of London for 1848, the
deaths would be 53,137 in the year: while at the rates
which prevailed in Surrey, Kent, Sussex, Hampshire,
and Berkshire, the deaths in London would be only

37,910. Thus, quite independently of cholera, we have
an excess of 15,227 deaths yearly in London from known
and n•A irrernova,!)le ertnE, that ilreTtit to ‘: c:it
extePt th Aat!l-,:raz-7,rn
argurnei,L applies to Liverpool, and to all our large
towns.

In towns, as well as in the country, many diseases are
unquestionably caused by a bad, insufficient diet, by cold,
by intemperance, idleness, and vice, which all predispose
to cholera; but the great excess of mortality is from the
atmosphere of decomposing organic matter givwn off by
the undrained ground, and vegetable and animal bodies,
dead or living. The insalubrity of undrained land is
seen now in England on comparing the mortality (2.45)
of Ely, North Witchford, Whittlesea, and Wisbeach, in
Cambridgeshire, at the mouth- of the Nene, with the
mortality (1.80 to 1.40 per cent.) of the high parts of
Surrey, Sussex, North Devon, and Northumberland.
And the fatal effect of effluvia generated by bodies of
men on sound land has long been well known ; it was
known to the Romans; and it is laid down by their writers
on military affairs that the camp should be frevently
changed to get rid of these incommodities. In modern
times men under canvass cannot be kept in health long
on the same spot. But an undrained town, insufficiently
supplied with water, drains, and sewers, has the incon-
veniences of a perpetual camp, and the diseases, fevers,
and dysenteries; besides being exposed to the fatal in-
roads of influenza, cholera, and all epidemics.

SPORTING INTELLIGENCE.
GOODWOOD RACES.
CHICHESTER, MONDAY addition to those
already published, the following horses have arrived:—
The Priestess, My Mary, Over-fork-over, Goodboy,
Grief, Remnant, Woolwich. Sauter la Coupe, Thorn-
hill, Master Murray, and Jonathan Wild. Czarina is
not coming, and Lady Evelyn is very doubtful. The
entries took place this evening at Goodwood, and on the
whole were very satisfactory, the Craven and Cowdray
Stakes alone not having filled. Looking at the pro-
gramme altogether, there is every reason to anticipate
an abundance of highly interesting sport each day. The
weather is extremely fine, and the course in the finest
possible order.
During the race week the following parties will bo en-
tertained at Goodwood, Molecomb, Dale Park, &e.
At Goodwood—Duke and Duchess of Bedford, Duke
and Duchess of Beaufort and Lady Henrietta Somerset,
his Serene Highness Prince Edward of Saxe Weimar,
Baron Brunow, Marquis of Exeter, Earl Jersey, Earl
and Countess of Eglinton, Lord and Lady Stanley, Vis-
count Clifden, Lord Villiers, Earl of Uxbridge, Lord
Canterbury, Earl and Countess of Chesterfield, Viscount
Enfield, Earl of Besborough, Earl Strathmore, Earl of
Glasgow, Hon. Colonel and Mrs. Anson, Colonel Peel,
Hon. Francis Villiers, Mr. and Lady Sophia Des Vceux,
Sir Robert Pigot, Mr. and Mrs. John Stanley, Honour-
able Captain Roils, Lord George Manners, Mr. Greville,
Mr. Payne, Lord W. Lennox, Lord Arthur Lennox,
Lord Alexander Lennox, Lord Henry Lennox, Lord
George Gordon Lennox, Mr. Gerard Sturt, Hon. St.
George Foley, Mr. Percy William, and Captain Pettat.
At Dale Park (Marquis of Abercorn's)—Earl and
Countess of Granville, Earl and Countess of Sandwich,
Viscount Jocelyn, Lord and Lady Sydney, Lord Cosmo
Russell, Lord Dufferin, and Mr. Wells. .
At Wood End (Lady Georgiana Battinrst's)—Earl
Bathurst, Marquis and Marchioness of Drogheda and
Miss Ponsonby.
At Molecomb (Earl of March's)—Colonel A. Cox,
Mr. Newton, Mr. Milner, and Mr. Richard Somerset.
At Avisford (Lady Elizabeth Reynell's) Miss Packe,
the Earl and Countess of Nelson and Lady Fanny
Nelson.
At Boxgrovo, Mr, Vyse and Mr. Leslie, of the
R. H. G.
The officers of the second battalion of the Fusilier
Guards, have a large party at the barracks; a tent has
been pitched in the yard to contain fifty at dinner. An
immense number of fashionables reached Brighton,
Bognor, Worthing. and Chichester by the afternoon
trains; everything, in fact, encourages a belief that the
meeting will be a most brilliant one.
TUESDAY'S RACING.—The number of events to be
chronicled, and the late hour to which the racing was
protracted by the false start for the Orange Handicap,
leaves us no time to indulge in preliminary observation.
We must be content, therefore, to state briefly that the
commencement of the meeting was in every respect
highly favourable. The weather was delightful, the
raving interesting in the extreme, and the company at
once numerous and fashionable, including, in addition to
those enumerated above, many persons of rank and dis-
tinction. The Craven Stakes not having filled, the
business of the day opened with a
Match, 100, h ft. T.Y.C.—Mr. Greville's Cariboo,. 2
yrs, Est 71b (Dockeray), beat the Duke of Richmond's
Mirror, 3 yrs, Bst 71b (Flatman), by a length. 5 to 2on
Cariboo. Run in 1 min. 24 secs,
The Orange Stakes (handicap) of 10 sovs. each, with
100 added, the second to receive 25 cove. out of the
stakes ; the last mile and a half. (17 Subs.)
Mr. Payne's Saucy Dick, 3 yrs, 7st 31b (Dockeray) 1
Mr. Greville's Clarissa, 3 yrs, 7st 71b (Flatman) 2
Mr. Rolt's Cosachia, 5 yrs, Bst 41b (F. Butler) 3
Lord Clifden's St. Antonio, 4 yrs, Bst (Pearl) 0
Mr. Howard's the Flea, 3 yrs, 7st 91b (A. Day) 0
Mr. Hargrave's Rodney, 3 yrs, 7st 21b... (Franks) 0
Mr. Ramsbottom's f. by Velocipede, 3 yrs, Est 91b... 0
Duke of Richmond's Syrup, 3 yrs, bat 91b(Kitchener) 0
The above race was run twice, the first "heat" being
won cleverly by Saucy Dick, Clarissa second, and Cosa-
chia third. The betting before starting for it was 5 -to 2
agst Clarissa-3 to 1 agst Syrup—and sto 1 each agat
Cosachia and St. Antonio. It was discovered, however,
that the horses had been started from the mile and
quarter post, and a fresh start was ordered. The Flea
and Rodney, who ran in the false start, were afterwards
withdrawn. We should add, that a question arose as to
whether the bets ought to stand, the horses, as some
alleged, not having gone to the post. The Stewards,
however, decided that inasmuch as they had been
" called upon to go to the post," as mentioned in the
Jockey Club rule No. 40, they must be considered to be
p.p. For the actual race the prices were even on Saucy
Dick-3 to 1 agst Clarissa—and sto 1 agat Cosachia.
This heat came off precisely as the last, Saucy Dick
making all the play, and winning by a length, and only
a head between second and third. Run in 2 min. 47 sec.
The Innkeepers' Plate of 50 cove., added to a sweep-
stakes of 5 soya. each, two yrs old, sst 71b; three,
7st 91b; four, Bst 41b; five, Bst lllb; six and aged,
9st. The winner to be sold for 100 sovs. if demanded,
&c. T.Y.C. (8 Subs.)
Lord Strathmore's the Seraph, 3 yrs ...(J. Marsen) 1
Colonel Peel's Tafirail, 4 yrs (Flatman) 2
Duke of Richmond's Pell Mell, 5 yrs (F. Butler) 3
Lord Clifden's Sagacity, 5 yrs (Rubinson) 0
Mr. Williams's Laundrymaid, 6 yrs (Abrahams) 0
Mr. Hobson's Carbuncle, 3 yrs (Crouch) 0
Mr. Howard's Romantic, 3 yrs .... (A. Day) 0
Mr. Burgess's Hind of the Forest, 4 yrs...(J. Sharp) 0
Betting-2 to 1 agst Sagacity, 3to 1 agst Pell Mell,
4to 1 agst the Hind of the Forest, and 5 to 1 agst
Taffrail. A very fine race between the first three, and
won by a neck, a head between second and third. Run
in 1 min. 21 sec.
Sweepstakes of 300 sovs. each, h ft, for four yrs old
colts, 83t 71b; fillies, Bst 21b; the second to save his'
stake; about three miles and five furlongs.
Lord Eglinton's Glen Saddel (Marlow) 1
Col. Anson's Backbiter (F. Butler) 2
Lord Clifden's Loadstone (Robinson) 3

Mr. Powney's Nil Desperandum (A. Day) 0
Betting-6 to 4 agst Glen Saddel, 5 to 2 agst Load-
stone, and 3to 4 agst Backbiter. Glen Saddel took the
lead at starting, followed by Backbiter, Loadstone, and
Nil Desperandum, in the order we give their names,
and as they started so they finished, Glen Saddel win-
ning cleverly by half a length, Loadstone a very bad
third, and Nil Desperandum beaten in the first two
miles. Run in 7 min. 37 sec.
The Ham Stakes of 100 soya. each, h ft; for two years
old colts, Bst 1015, fillies oat 71b; 31b and 51b allowed,
&e.; the second to receive 200 sovs. out of the stakes.
T. Y. C. (34 Subs.)
Col. Peel's Hardinge, Bst 101 b (Flatman) 1
Mr. Bowes's cby Epirus, Bst 101 b (F. Butler) 2
n,Bst 10Ib...(Templeman) 3
(S. Rogers) 0
Duke of Richmond's Harum Scarum Bst 41b 0
Betting-6 to 4 agst Tingle, 9to 4 apt Italian, 9to
2 agst Hardinge, and 6 to 1 each apt Epirus and
Sir J. JdM. Exeter's Cora,
T Tingle,helBtsatliS lst un
41b
Italian,
Harum Scarum. Tingle, Cora, and the Italian formed
the advanced division to the distance; the Italian then
took up the running, closely waited on by Hardinge and
the Epirus colt; this trio closed opposite the stand, and
a beautiful race ensued, Hardinge finally pulling the
fielders through by a head, and the Epirus colt having a
similar advantage over the Italian. Run in 1 minute
25 seconds.
Match-100, h ft. T. Y. C. Mr. Payne's Crucible,
Bst 71b (Flatman), beat Duke of Richmond's Buffalo
Gal, Bst 21b (Templeman), by half a length. 7t04 on
Crucible. Run in 1 minute 25 seconds.
The Gratwicke Stakes of 100 soya. each, h ft for three
years old ; colts, Bst 10lb ; fillies, Bst 51b ; 31b and
61b allowed, and the second to receive 200 soya., and
the third to save his stake. Mile and a half. (50 subs.)
Col. Peel's Tadmore, Bst 71b
Mr. Herbert's Herbert, Bst 101 b (Robinson) 2
Mr. Herbert's Sydney, Bst 101 b
Lord Eglinton's Belus, Bst 41b (Marlow) 4
Sir C. Monek's Vanguard, Bst 1015
Mr. Gratwicke's Rochester, Bst 71b
Betting-6 to son Tadmor, 3to 1 agst Belus, and 4
to 1 agst Herbert.
Sidney made the running, followed by Herbert, Belus
next, and Tadmor fourth ; there was no chance until
they reached the distance, when Tadmor and Herbert
joined lengthposite
the;
half a length between second and third, Belus a bad
Sidney,ran and
home the a formerrery
easyt ak
winner th e lbeyad a
p o
fourth. Run in 2 min 50 secs.
Stand,
The Lavant Stakes of 50 soya. each, 30 ft for two year
olds ; colts, Ist 71b; fillies, Bst 31b ; winners 51b extra;
the second to save his stake. Half a mile. (18 subs.)
Mr. Gordon's William the Conqueror ......(Flatman) 1
Mr. Gordon na the Wren, Bst 31b (Kitchener) 2
Mr. Archdall's Rose Pompon, Bst 31b ...(Templeman) 3
Mr. Ramsbottom's Manufacturer, Bst 71b (Rogers) 4
Mr. F. Clarke's St. Agnes, Bst 315 (A. Day) 5
Betting-6 to 4on William the Conqueror, 2to 1 agst
the Wren.
Mr. Gordon declared to win with the Wren. Won by
half a length, Rose Pompon a good third, Manufacturer
a very bad fourth. Run in 52 aces.
Match-50, h ft, Mr. Gordon's Little Jack, Bst 71b
(Nat) beat Mr. Dorrien's Chariclea, Bst 31b (W. How-
lett). Won easy.
LATEST BETTING ON THE COURSE.
GooDwooD STAKES.
5 to 1 agst Clermont 112 to 1 agst Plaudit (t)
10 to 1-- Giselle (t) 14 to 1-- Tophana (t)
10 to 1 -- Maid of Lyme 16 to 1 Hornpipe
(taken) 20 to 1 -- Fire eater
10 to 1 -- VanDieman(t) 20 to 1 -- Over-fork-over
10 to 1 Collingwood 125 to 1 Maid of

DERBY.
20 to I ogst (t) 140 to 1 ap•stli9n (t)

Ei,ECTION MON Y AT ETON

COLLEGE.

ETON, MONDAY EVENING . = The annual delivery of
the speeches this day, " Election Monday." attracted, as
usual, a large number of distinguished visitors, includ-
ing many old Etonians from Oxford and Cambridge and
the metropolis. The Duke of Cambridge, who is on a
visit to Sir T. Fremantle, at Holly-grove, near Wind-
sor, arrived at the college shortly before eleven o'clock,
accompanied by the Duke of Rutland and the Hon. at
ronet. His Royal Highness, upon alighting at Dr.
flawtrey's chambers, in Weston-yard, was received 133
the Provost of Eton, the Vice-Provost of King's, the
head and lower Masters, the two Posers, and the autho-
rities of the college, and conducted to the Lower School,
where the annual speeches were appointed to take place.
Upon the Duke's enterino, the school, his Royal High-
ness was received with three times three cheers by the
whole of the school, who were there assembled,
amounting to between 600 and 700, the ladies in the
raised gallery rising and waving their handkerchiefs to
greet his Royal Highness upon his taking his seat.
Amongst the distinguished company who were also pre-
sent were—the Earl of Lincoln, the Hon. Henry and
Mrs. Ashley, the Honourable and Rev. Philip Yorke
Saville, Mr. T. Broclebank, the Rev. W. Browning,
Lord Lyttelton, Mr. S. Whitbread, Rev. C. Tarver,
Major Bent, Mr. G. S. Harcourt, Rev. G. Williams, Mr.
G. Green, Rev. J. Bumpstead, Mr. W. Wayte, Mr. C.
Worley, Rev. L. Lockyer, Rev. W. G. Cookesley, Mr.
G. Baxter, Rev. J. S. Grover, Rev. E. Coleridge, Mr. F.
Furnival, Rev. Isaac Gossett, Rev. S. Neville, Dr. Out-
ram, Mr. W. F. Campbell, M.P., Lord Elliot, Mr. Rice
Clayton, Rev. Dr. Prodgers, Mr. James Yonge, Mr. J.
Middleton, Colonel Parker, Mr. J. H. Graham, Lord
Mountcharles, Rev. E. 11. Pickering, Rev. Henry Du-
puis, Sir William Fraser, Mr. W. Day, Rev. C. J.
Abraham, Rev. W. A. Carter, Hon. Mr. Elliot, Rev.
F. E. Durnford, Rev. E. Balston, the Countess of Paulet,
Rev. J. C. Yonge, Rev. J. L. Joynes, Mr. A. Mont-
gomerie, Rev. C. Luxmore, Rev. J. W. Hawtrey, Ge
nural Vyse, &c,
Before the speeches commenced, the Duke of Cam-
ananciE rose and very graciously and kindly proposed
to the authorities of the college that those young gentle-
men whose duties did not require them to remain should
be permitted to retire, in order that they might return
to their respective friends. This- proposition, which was
vociferously seconded amidst the loudest cheering by
the pupils, was adopted by acclamation, and up Nards of
500 of the boys immediately left.
The speeches were then proceeded with in the follow-
ing order:-
1. Ethelston
2. Soley, K. S. ... Servius Tullus Livius.
3. Procter, K. S. Prince Henry
Shakspere.
4. Bradshaw, K.S. Henry IV.
5. Bust - }
drum Curtius.
• 6. Aitken
7. Boller, ma.
8. Page, K. S. ... InMortemAgricolos Tacitus.
9. Blackett Pro Marcello
(On the Employ-
-10. Stacey, K. 5.... ment of Indians LordChatham
in America
11. Cobbold Pro Milone

12. Coke, K. S. Charolois .... Massinger.
13. Rogers
14. Cheales, K. S. Antony
15. Herbert .. De Phocensium..-. Demosthenes.
excidio
16. Fremantle, ma. French Revolution Burke.
The whole of the speeches were delivered " with good
emphasis and discretion," affording mere than average
specimens of oratorical display.
At their conclusion, the Duke of Cambridge, accom-
panied by the Provost of Eton, the Vice-Provost of
King's, the two Posers, the head and lower and assistant
masters, and the college authorities, proceeded to the
chapel for the purpose of inspecting the extensive altera-
tions and improvements which have been recently effected
in the interior of the sacred edifice, and of viewing the
magnificent newly-erected east and west windows, of
stained glass, by Willemont and O'Connor. The east
window, by Willemont, subscribed for by the " present
Etonians," and completed at an expense of upwards of
2,0001., represents the crucifixion and ascension of our
Saviour, and the Twelve Apostles, three on either side
of each of the other large compartments. The west win-
dow, executed by O'Connor, at the cost of nearly 5001., the
amount being subscribed by "old Etonians," represents va-
rious incidents in the life of Mary Magdalen. Both of
these windows elicited the highest encomiums from his
Royal Highness. The carvings of the canopies of each
stall at present completed, of which there are 70, are
most elaborately executed, at the cost of 501. for each,
by Rutter, of Cambridge. The chapel, which before the
alterations would not seat 700 persons, now affords
ample accommodation for upwards of 1,000.
The Duke, upon leaving the chapel, proceeded across
the Quadrangle to the Provost's-lodge, accompanied by
I several of the distinguished visitors, and there partook
of an elegant cold collation, previous to taking his de-
parture to Hollygrove, his Royal Highness expressing
his regret that his engagements would not permit of his
being present at the grand banquet in the College-hall.
His Royal Highness, accompanied by the Duke of Rut-
land and Sir Thomas and Lady Fremantle, left the Col-
lege'bstween one and two o'clock.