The Sun.
London, England, 1838-03-09 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY, MARCH 9, 1838.

Now Ready, Second Edition price 21.,
RE ARKS in REFUTATION of an Article
in the QUARTERLY REVIEW on Lord JOHN RUS-
SELL'S SPEECH at STROUD.
" Mark how a plain tale shall put thee down."
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LONDON :
FRIDAY EVENING, MARCII 9, 1838.

The Tory Lords last night threw out the Parliamentary
Electors Bill, and we hope we shall make them ashamed
of what they have done. Whether we succeed in that or
not, we shall enable the public, we think, duly to appreciate
them and their decision.

Perhaps our readers recollect that a month has not
yet elapsed since a Bill was introduced into the House of
Commons, and hastily passed through both Houses,
for making a great alteration in the law of Copartner-
ship, so far as Clergymen are concerned. When
that Bill was introduced, it was explained that a
decision of the Court of Exchequer, which all the lawyers
of both political parties stated to be strictly according
to the statute, made it necessary immediately to pass the
Bill, and to give it a retrospective operation, in order that
the law might not, and should not, be carried into execu-
tion. Till that decision was given, it was admitted that
the Barrister, the Judges, and the Legislature themselves,
did not know that such a law was in existence ; and the
Legislature hastily passed the Bill referred to, in order to
prevent debtors from committing frauds by means of this
newly discovered law. To amend an error is highly com-
mendable, and we praise the Legislature for its zeal ; but
we do marvel that one of our hereditary Legislators, with
this conviction of his own ignorance, and of the ignorance of
Legislators, Judges, and Barristers, as to what is the law
so recently and so deeply engraved on the public under-
standing, should state last night:as one reason for opposing
the Parliamentary Electors Bill, that all the people were
bound to know the law. Yes, reader, the Earl of HAR.•
ROWBY in the debate said :

" After the six years which had passed, it was not unrea-
sonable to suppose that the householders knew, and if they did
not they ought to know, the precise period for the payment
which would entitle them to vote. It was a maxim of the
English law that every man should know the law, and, there-
fore, he was surprised to hear of notice being required. He
should, therefore, oppose the measure, as one of a series of
innovations on the principles of the Reform Bill."
On such assertions, and such reasoning, those who make
the law being themselves ignorant of it, the Lords threw
out the only little boon which has yet been thought of
by the Ministers for the electors. The postponing the
period for paying the rates was proposed by Lord JOHN
RUSSELL as a substitute, though a poor one, for Mr.
DUNCOMBL'S proposition to repeal the rate-paying clauses
of the Reform Act ; and the rejection of this little boon
by the Lords shows that they are determined to snub the
people. It is a part of the coercive policy of the Tories.
It is of no consequence that the Bill only applied to those
who might be already on the register, that it did not facili-
tate the addition of one name—still the Lords rejected it,
because, as the Duke of WELLINGTON explained, it was
relaxing the restraints on the democracy. The opulent
aristocracy, the do-nothing Peers, are therefore fully deter-
mined that the industrious and poor classes shall have no
atom of political power which they can keep from them.
The aristocracy possess it, and they declare that they will
keep it. Such a declaration might be admitted when the
whole world reverenced the inherent wisdom of the Lords.
Such an avowal of hostility by the idle aristocracy
to the working democracy, the great source of vita-
lity and strength in every society, might have been
tolerated by the masses, when Lords were our real mas-
ters, and the people were bond slaves. But now with
such gross specimens of ignorance as to their own acts (as
that we have quoted) staring men every day in the face,
and when many of the Lords are acknowledged to be
amongst the poorest pensioners, not to say paupers of the
State, and when they have no longer the smallest hold of
the affections of the people, their last night's avowal of
determined hostility to the democracy must make them
and the people. henceforward deadly enemies. We did
think that the Lord's had grown cunning, if not wise.
Some time ago they called themselves the Tribunes of the
poor. They assumed the character of patrons and protectors
of the lowest classes. They courted those who were lower
than the ten-pounders. Then the proud Lords had a purpose
to serve, and a stomach for much self-humiliation; but now
they throw off the mask, and are resolved to keep the De-
mocracy destitute of political power. They declare war
against the Democracy—we hope they have counted the
cost. It would have been wise in them to have taken such
a step before Manchester, and Glasgow, and Birininghant
had by their wealth and skill completely hidden the splen-
dour of the Peerage.

The praise which the Tory journals bestow on the elo-
quence and statesmanlike fipeeches of every Tory who
spoke in the late great debate cannot be exceeded by the
powers of the Enliish language, but it i 3 fully equalled by
the censure and contempt which the same journals pour
out Qe the heads of Ministers. To spew a front at all
against such an immense:superiority, the policy of the Mi-
nisters must have in it something intrinsically excellent in
principle—though that principle be unhappily not always
followed out—which recommends it to the love of the
people, and the approbation of their representatives. That
principle plainly and avowedly is confidence in the masses.
The Whigs trust, the Tories dread them. The former ac-
knowledge the people as the source of their power, and their
welfare is the object of their policy ; the latter assert that
ao
charm
power from themselves,
thead as theirpeoplea
c,
1830 obedience.andsaved
arry and
eh
del, v insist
Englandprinciple-
dreadful convulsion ; it has ever since influenced the public
oet 1 rpi cee
yrn a gdterw
mind, filling it with hope, and operating in the colonies as
well as here ; and though Ministers have not done all which
they ought to realize those hopes, it prevented that
more extensive :insurrection in our colonies, which a Lw
vears ago all men dreaded. Incited by the successful
example of the United States, and of Belgium and Hol-
land, the colonists began to sigh for independence ; and it
was only the hope of obtaining great amelioration in their
institutions, caused by the accession of the Whigs to office,
and the great reforms which they executed here, which
kept the colonists quiet. Sir GEORGE GREY, in his able
speech the night before last, showed in what manner Lord
GLENELO had pacified New Brunswick, soothed Nova
Scotia, and satisfied the reasonable population of Canada.
The temporizing of which Lord GLENELG is accused, his
slowness in believing evil of the population and in having
recourse to the bayonet, with which he is reproached by the
Tories, in fact allowedthe passions of the people to cool ; and
making them weigh the consequences of revolt against the
consequence of remaining quiet, confined the insurrection
in the two Canadas to a few determined mischief-makers.
Now the reverse of these consequences would have en-
sued from the accession of the Tories to power. Pro-
ceeding on the principle of despising the masses, and go-
verning them by either coercion or fraud—of which their
conduct in the House of Lords last night is the latest
illustration—their advent to power would have put an end
to hope, and would have at once caused wide-spread dis-
trust and discontent. The masses dread them and despise
their principles. Tinder such circumstances, if Lord Aw-

lIERST had gone out to Canada, authorised, as Sir
ROBERT PEEL says, to give up the revenues, on condition
of the Canadians granting a civil list—bat with a full de-
termination to grant no other demands—it is plain that the
Canadi ms would not have been satisfied, and it is equally
plain that then they would lave met with the sympathy
of most of the people of the United States and our Ame-
rican provinces. Except by a small clique of Orangemen the
name and the principles of our Tories are throughout the
Contincnt of North America more abhorred, and more
alien to the institutions of the people, than they are here.
The Tories, not succeeding in their plan, would, on their
principles, have had recourse to coercion—discontent
would have been justified, and wide-spread rebellion would
have followed discontent. Recent examples must convince
us all that men cannot be kept obedient by the bayonet.
On this train of reasoning we asserted yesterday, and we
repeat to-day, notwithstanding the sneer of the Post,
that extensive, and we believe successful rebellion, repeat-
ing the bloody scenes of the separation of the American
Colonies, would have been the consequence of their re-
maining in power in 1835. Their system of Government
is no longer applicable to this old community, where all their
power is concentrated, and where the habits of the people are
somewhat in accordance with their absurd pretensions ;
but in the new and distant communities of America, where
there is little or no Tory power—where the habits and prin.
ciples of the people all tend to democracy—their system of
government is constantly felt to be a gross outrage. To
have succeeded, as they proposed in 1805, in carrying this
system of outrage with a high hand into execution in
America, after it had been overthrown in Europe, though
recommended by all the talents of Lord STANLEY—the
incarnation of Toryism—would have ended, we devoutly
believe, in unbounded mischief.

We learn, from our enterprising friends at Bristol, that
the Bristol and Exeter Railway is making rapid progress ;
and the Company is so well pleased with its prospects, that
it proposes to apply to Parliament for an extension of its
powers, in order to make several branch railways. The
Report of the Directors to the Shareholders, which we in-
sert, with an account of the proceedings at the half-yearly
meeting of the Company, will be satisfactory evidence to
the public both of the value and the progress of the under-
taking.

It will be seen by our Parliamentary Report that the
attention of Ministers was called last night by Lord
BROUGHAM to the subject of Scottish Church accommo-
dation—a subject, the Noble and Learned Lord truly
remarked, " of the very highest importance to the people
in the northern part of the island," and we may add to
the people of every part of the island. Lord BROUGHAM
on this occasion presented to the House of Lords a peti
tion signed by more than FORTY THOUSAND inhabitants of
Glasgow, and its vicinity, against any additional endow-
ment to the Established Church of Scotland. This petition,
it is to be borne in mind, comes from that part of the people
of Glasgow who are most distinguished for their intelli-
gence, their sobriety, and their attention to their religious
duties ; but powerful as must be the effect of such a peti-
tion, speaking, as it does, the sentiments of so large a pro-
portion of the inhabitants of the commercial capital of Scot-
land, it would be unwise to regard it as the expression of
the feelings only of those whose names are attached to it,
for in truth it embodies the sentiments entertained by the
whole Dissenting body in Scotland on the Church-endow-
ment question. And what does it pray for ? Do the
Dissenters of Scotland desire to share with the Established
Church in any of those temporal benefits which she values
so highly ? Do they wish to deprive her of any of those
advantages which she thinks she enjoys by her connection
with the State ? No such thing. The Dissenters covet
none of those things. They hold it as a principle which
the experience of all ages has sanctioned, that religion be-
comes corrupted in proportion as it is mixed up with civil
Government. They, therefore, say to the Established
Church, " Keep what you have got and welcome, but do
not compel us who believe all state religions to be contrary
to the word of God and destructive of genuine Christianity,
to violate our consciences by supporting you." The peti-
tioners wisely take their stand on the broad ground of the
principle, that it is unjust and unchristian to tax persons of
one religious faith, in order to pay for the instruction
of those who profess another faith. This, we appre-
hend, it will not be easy for the advocates of en-
dowments to get over. At all events those who hold that
the English Dissenters are entitled to relief from Church-
rates, and more especially those who have made that relief a
Parliamentary measure, will find some difficulty in reconcil-
ing with that principle a new endowment of the Scottish
Church.

Lord BROUGHAM also presented a similar petition from
Paisley, numerously and respectably signed, and endea-
voured to draw from Ministers some intimation of their in-
tentions on this important question ; but all that could be
got from Lord MELBOURNE was, that the subject was un-
der consideration.

The Paris Journals of NVednesday are as dull and mo-
notonous as those of the whole of the present week ; and
the advices from Madrid, though to the 28th ult., are
not a jot more important. There is nothing actu-
ally stirring, either in Paris or the Peninsula. We
have rumours of wars, but their source is too notori-
ously questionable to occasion us any apprehension.
ESPARTERO and the PRETENDER keep their respective dis-
tances, waiting for the good weather, money, reinforcements,
and opportunities of running away. This is not the lan-
guage of the journals ; but we believe it to be true, not-
withstanding such paragraphs as the following :--
LOGRONO, FEB. 27.—(Private correspondence of the Con-
stitutionnel.)—" After having re-established the communica-
tions between Haro and Vittoria, Espartero has left Latro
with 9,000 men to observe Penacerrada, and will march himself
with 18,000 men against Estella, by the valley of Solana,
while Leon el Conde and Alaix will go to the rear of the
enemy. Everything is preparing for a decisive action. A
report from Martin Zurbano, dated from Oyon, to which he
has pushed a reconnoissance, informs us that the Carlists are
assembling round Estella ; nothing indicates that they are pre-
paring to pass the Ebro.—Constitutionnel.

FRENCH FUNDS.-Pants, Marten 7.
Five per Cents.. 109 f. 25c. Sec. 5 c.
Four and a Ha'•fner Cents. 1031. 75c.
Four per Cents., 10If. tli c.
Due, iser Cents,, 79f. 70c. 65e. 75c. SOC.
Bank Actions, 2,,150f.
dente de Naples, !,91. 60c.r
Roman Five per Cents., lul
Spanish Actives, 2' 10 20%.
Spanish Passives, 414.
Belgian loan, Five per Cents, 104%.
Brussels society, 1,730 f.
Belgian Bank, 1,5151. 1,512 f. 50c. 1,507 f. 50c.
Portuguese Loan, Three per Cents. 18A.
Dutch Two and a Half per Cents., 55.
Haytian Lean, 395 f. 4011 f.
EICHANUSL ON LONDON.
One month, paper, -1. -c. ; money, 251. 51c.
Dace months, paper, 25f. 3714 c.; money, '251. 3'7%c.
LAST PRICES.
Five per Cents. 107 f. 110 c.
Three per Cents., '79f. 85c.
Bank Actions, 2,650 f.
Romans, 101%.
Belgian Loan, 1041,
Belgian Bank, 1,5111. 50c.
Brussels Society, 1,7301-.
Portuguese Three per Cents., 19%.
Hayttan Loan, 4001.
Spanish Actives, 2014.
Spanish Passives, 41A.

Brussels and German papers of the latest dates have
been received this morning. The former contain no intel-
ligence of any interest, the Chambers being engaged with
discussions on the Jury Laws, and the KING, in visiting
the military school, and other institutions of a warlike
nature. The German papers bring a variety of conflicting
rumours from Hanover, with as many versions of the sub-
stance of the new Constitution, which has not, however,
been yet submitted to the States. The debates in the
Chambers are not to be published, nor any portion of
them, without the consent of the KING, and every pre-
caution is already adopted by the Government to prevent
the voice of the Opposition from being heard beyond the
precincts of the capital.

Lisbon Papers to the 4th instant have been received by
the Braganza steamer, which arrived at Falmouth on
Wednesday. The weather continued stormy, and it was
apprehended that several vessels had been lost, which were
seen on the night of the 2d throwing out signals of dis-
tress, but which on the following morning were nowhere
visible. The Ministerial financial project has not yet suc-
ceeded in replenishing the empty coffers of the Treasury ;
the capitalists doggedly preferring hard cash to any rea-
sonable interest thereon in the shape of Government
securities. The following abstract of a new commercial
project of law, now before the Chambers, is taken from the
second edition of our Contemporary, the Herald :
Goods of foreign production, if imported directly for con-
sumption, into Portugal and its adjacent islands, in a foreign
ship, and being of the growth or manufacture of the country
to which such ship belongs, or of its possessions, shall pay

the duties established by the tariff; but, if not coming directly
or not being of the growth or production of such country, they
shall pay those duties with the addition one-fifth or 20 per
cent. more.
" Portuguese vessels are entirely excepted from this dis-
position, and shall, in every casf-, pay the tariff duties only.
" Art. 2. Vessels belonging to nations in whose ports Por-
tuguese vessels arc subject to the payment of the same ton-
nage duties and port charges only, as are paid by the vessels
of that nation, shall be placed on a level, as to the payment
of tonnage duties and port charges in the Portuguese ports
with national vessels.
' " Art. 3. Foreign ships entering Portuguese ports in bal-
last, and sailing immediately laden with articles of national
produce, industry, or manufacture, or even foreign, having
already paid duties for home consumption, shall only pay tor,
nage dues and port charges as national vessels, under the same
circumstances.
Art. 4. This law shall be in full operation at the end of
three months reckoning from the day of its publication, and in
the mean time Government shall send the necessary instruc•
tions as to its regulations to the respective custom-houEes.
" Art. 5. The regulations of the first article, only of the
decree of the 16th of January of the present year, whirl:
grants a draw-back of 15 per cent, on articles imported in
Portuguese vessels, is revoked, this regulation being in oppo-
sition to one of the principal basis on which the new Custom
House tariff is founded ; also the regulations in the decree of
the 14th of November of last year are altered, as declared by
this law."

ELECTION COMMITTEES.
(THIS DAY.)

READING.

At the sitting of the Committee this morning Mr. Roo Rs proposed
to gr, into the case of Charles Bowen.

Mr. HILL enquired if the third question had been put to the voter at
the time of polling?
Mr. Rounas admitted that it had not.

Mr. HILL then submitted that the Committee, in conformity with the
decision which had already been given in the Canterbury, Ipswich, and
other cases, could not entertain the objection.
Mr. ROGERS was heard on the other side.