The Sun.
London, England, 1838-01-02 00:00:00

(frlif)t i'Z^ll2)l4

WITH IVIIICR
" THE TRUE SUN" IS NOW
INCORPORATED.

LONDON:
TUESDAY EVENING, JANUARY 2, 1838.

Lord GOSFORD'S Proclamation to the people of
Lower Canada—of which we yesterday expressed our
entire approbation—will be found in another part of
The Sun. We never perused a document of the same
kind with more sincere pleasure. It embodies feel-
ings and sentiments honourable to the head and
heart of that Nobleman—worthy of the nation
whose SOVEREIGN he so well represents in the
prompt exercise of the prerogative of mercy. His
appeal to the Canadians is that of a father to his
children. " I address myself," says his Lordship,
" to your good sense, and to your personal experience
of the benefits you have received, and of the tranquil-
lity you have so long enjoyed under the British Go-
vernment. You possess the religion, the language,
the laws guaranteed to you nearly seventy years
since. You know not the burdens of taxes." After
enumerating the advantages enjoyed by the
Colonists, in language the most conciliatory,
his Excellency, with parental earnestness, thus seeks
to bring hack the deluded populace to a sense of
duty. " I now, therefore, call upon those who have
been thus far deluded to listen to the language of rea-
son, sincerity, and truth. Listen to the exhortations
of your respectable and trustworthy clergy. *
Return to that allegiance to your SOVEREIGN, which
you have now for the first time violated, and
to:that obedience to the law which you have hi-
therto invariably maintained. * * * Retire to your
homes, and to the bosoms of your families ;
rest assured that a powerful and merciful Go-
vernment is more desirous to forget than to resent
injuries, and that WITHIN THAT SANCTUARY YOU
IVILL EXPERIENCE KO MOLESTATION." Hard
must be the heart, or hopeless the infatuation of the
Canadian insurgent, upon whose conduct this appeal
will fail to have any effect. But be the result what it
may, we shall never cease to admire and to hold up as

a model of imitation, the truly paternal spirit which dic-
tated, and the humane feelings which pervade, every line
of the Noble Earl's proclamation. The Canadian
Tories are enraged because " war to the knife" is not
the cry of the Government, and the Tories at home
repeat their clamours, in the expectation of goading
on Ministers to ruin themselves in the good opinion
of the people of England by their cruelties to-
wards a populace in a state of rebellion. We trust
the Whigs will not prove themselves madmen, by
rushing into the trap thus set for them by their
enemies—by the enemies of liberty in every part of
the world. We sincerely hope they will adopt every
measure consistent with a regard to the public safety,
calculated to spare effusion of blood—guilty as well as
innocent, if repentant.

That venerable and useful institution, the Society of
Arts, has just issued an appeal to its numerous mem-
bers, including upwards of fifty Peers, &c., and
through them to the public. 'We cordially join in this
appeal, while we regret its necessity. Few Societies
have done more good, and certainly none have been
better based. Its great object and governing principle
are the encouragement of science, and the discouragement
of selfishness. It has called into existence, fostered
and matured, talents which would otherwise have been
unemployed, and promoted latent inventions that
would otherwise have been unimproved. In the course
of its labours it has given vitality and vigour to the
chisels of NOLLEKIN BACON, and FLA XMAN—the
brushes of COSWAY, BARRY, and LAw ENCE—the
discoveries of BRAMAH, EDGEWORTH, FERGUSON,
and MANEY, and spent thousands upon thousands in
promoting the mechanics and manufactures of the
country.

These have been the excellencies of the Society
of Arts, but it has had its defects ; and under
those defects, it has for years been withering away.
One of the worst of these defects is au inconsistent
regulation, prohibiting the publication of its transac-
does before the appearance of its own annual volume.
On the one hand, it said to all aspirants after science
and the arts, " We will encourage you, if you will
give the benefit of your discoveries and improvements
unreservedly to the public." On the other hand, it
said, " The public shall not have the benefit of those
discoveries and improvements, until some time after
they have been made, and in such a shape as will
best redound to our own honour and advantage."
An Institution for discouraging selfishness should
not begin by insisting upon monopoly ; not
only is this absurd in theory, but it is most mis-
chievous in practice. Mark how it would operate in
a recent discovery of this Society, viz., the presence of
arsenic in certain candles. Suppose this rule had
been obstinately maintained, would the gentlemen
acting solely " for the public good," have not be-
come accessary to all the deaths that might have taken
place before their annual volume was published ?
To cure this inconsistent and mischievous principle,
and to obtain fur the Society the support of kindred
Institutions throughout the country, appear to have
been the objects contemplated by Mr. NORTHHOUSE,
in the resolutions moved by him, and for which lit
obtained a Committee at the last Gen eral Meeting.
The Society of Arts, like the fabled pelican,
has fed these institutions with its own blood, and now
comes back to them, like the Grecian father, for the
nourishment which their young and healthy bosoms
can supply. Considering the mines of mental wealth it
possesses in its models during eighty years of scientific
invention, its library, and its magnificent paintings,
we should hope that many Societies in the country will
affiliate with it upon the plan suggested.
The very active interest which the Dukes of SUSSEX
aid SUTHERLAND, Sir EDWARD CODRISGTON,
M. P., Mr. TENNYSON D'EYNCOURT, M. P., and
other distinguished Members of the Society are now
taking to rescue it from its difficulties, leave little
doubt of its speedy "regeneration, which we think the
very able Address, of which the following are extracts,
will greatly promote :

ADDRESS.
The Society for the Encouragement of Arts, Manufactures, and
Commerce, like many others, is composed realiy,thodgh not nominally,
of two classes of contributing members. The one from sympathy o.
tastes or local opportunities occupy the icsponsible 6 ituntions in the So_
ciety, transact gratuitously its current business, and Mid their appro-
priate r.c7mpence in the acquisition of such knowledge as can be gained
by examining and discussing the many ingenious inventions that offer
themselves to the notice and reword of the Society. The other class of
members, more numerous than the former, includes these who are will.
ing to contribute to the fonds of a Society, the objects and gAier,.l ma-
nagement of which they approve, although prey,rit.d by various cir_
curnstances from taking an active prat in its concern;, and often but
little acquainted with its proceedings, except through the medium of the
annual volume.

In the year 1734, when this Society was founded, there existed ab-
solutely no institutions in this country, for the purpose of encouraing
the application of science to the improverrent of the practical arts, or to
extend to !hearts of design that patronage without which they languish
and decay. By the generous personal exertions of Mr. William Shipley,
of the then Earl cf Romney, and of Viscount rolkstone, the Society
of Arts was estabiished, and in the first twenty-eight years of its exist-
ence was enabled to expend, on the vat ions laudable objects which it
had in view, about a thousand pounds annually. Of this sum no less
than 8,1531. was bestowed in honorary medals and large pecuniary pre-
miums to painters, sculptors, and engravers, previous to the creation of
the Royal Academy ; and the gratuitous use of the Society's Great
Room was allowed for some of the first annual exhibitions of the works
of English artists.

In carpet weaving and quilting in the loom, the Society had the satis-
faction of introducing and securing to the country various improve.-
ments, and some entirely new branches of manufacture by the judicious
outlay of not more than 1,3001.
The supply of fish by land carriage to Londm, from the fishing
stations on the coast of Kent and Sus,ex originated in this Society.
3,3001. were contrilauted for this purpose from its own funds, which,
with 2,0001. given by the Government, had the effect of breaking up a
monopoly of the Thames fishermen, and of diminishing the price, a.
well as increasing the quantity, of a very agreeable and important article
of food.

It would draw out this Address to an unsuitable length if we were to
follow in detail the appropriation of various other sums—for the in.
vention Of machines to spin several threads at once (prior to the con-
struction of the spinning,-jenny) ; for dying Turkey-red; for making
morocco leather ; for improving the manufacture of crucibles ; for
weaving fishing nets by machinery, in which is contained the germ of
the lace-frame; and for introducing the culture of the Eastern spices
into the West Indian Colonies. Enough, we trust, has been shown to
establish the fact that the Society, in the early period of its existence,
hai wisely and successfuly employed the funds entrusted to its dig-
ti ihution.
From this time the Society beg n to publish its transactions which
now form a:series of fifty one volumes. To attempt an abstract of
even a selection from such a mass of materials would be very ill timed on
the present occasion, as it would necessarily lead to details which would
swell this address into a treatise. We may, however confidently ap-
peal to the many interesting and important inventions described in
these volumes (models of most of which are at all times gratuitously
open to the inspection and use of the public) and found upon them our
claims to the continued support of our countrymen.
To enable the Society to pursue this system of public benefit, it is
requisite to state candidly its present pecuniary circumstances. (Here
a number of figures are brought forward which show that the income is
not equal to the expenditure, and that the Society is in debt above 5001.)
To meet this charge the only available fund is the sum of 7264 13s. 1 Id.
three per cents., which of late years has accumulated by investing the
compositions of life members ; but the Society is desirous to abstain
from breaking in upon this fund if it can be avoided.
The other funds of the Society are 3881. ls. 4d. three-and_a_half per
cents., and 1001. three per cents , in trust for special purposes, the in_
terest of which alone is available.
The aids, therefore, which it is to object of this Address to pro-
cure are—

First—Donations and annual subscriptions from the nobility and
wealthy patrons of the arts, manufactures, and commerce of the country,
and such other persons as may be Induced to assist the active members
of the Society to renovate the funds and to extend the useful powers of
the Society.

Secondly—Active exertions on the part of the Members to obtain
such an increase of our Subscribers as may restore the funds of the
Society to their former efficiency.
It is hoped that both these objects may he accompiished ; and an
omen of success, as well as stimulus to our efforts, may be derived
from the circumstance that the Society has just received from a Lady, a
donation of 5001. as a fund, the interest of which is in part to be ap-
plied to the establishment of two annual medals for certain kinds of
architectural drawings and models.
Looking to the importance of this Society in the earlier stage of the
Arts and Manufactures of the country, and to its facilities for further
promoting them hereafter, and referring to the scientific, the patriotic,
and the liberal Raines which adorn the list of its Members—the Com-
mittec confidently rely on this statement procuring it relief from the
difficulties by which its usefulness is at present impeded.
By order,
Adelphi, Jan. 1838,
A. AIKEN, Sac.

We had occasion, a week or two ago, to make a
few remarks on certain epistles of the Bishop of EXE-
TER, addressed to Lord MELBOURNE, on the sub-
ject of the " heavy blow, and great discouragement
to protestantism." The Right Rev. Pamphleteer
attempted, with his usual artifice, to drag the Premier
into a correspondence, which he hoped to render sub-
servient to the advancement of those party views

to which he is at all times ready to sacrifice
every other consideration. He was, however, foiled
in this enterprize, for Lord MELBOURNE proved
that the words used by him, had, by being dislocated
from the context, been made to convey a meaning di-
rectly opposite to that which he intended, and that, so
far from having asserted that the measure which he was
introducing to the Legislature, would be injurious to
the Protestant cause, he stated his conviction that its
ultimate effect would be to give additional strength
and security to that cause. The Bishop of EXE-
TER not having succeeded in his object with the
Premier, another spiritual champion, has entered the
lists with a loud flourish of trumpets, and challenged
Lord BROUGHAM to do battle on the same ground,
the Noble and Learned Lord having, it is alleged, by
defending Lord MELBOURNE'S expression, rendered
himself obnoxious to the displeasure and vengeance
of all good Christians. The champion rejoices in the
name of \VILLIAM HOLMES, and in the dignities of
D.D. and Chancellor of the Diocese of Cashel. He
has vindicated his spiritual titles by an outpouring of
intemperate wrath, such as would have done credit to
the most foul-mouthed Divine that ever put pen to
paper, to give vent to the odium thcologicum. But un-
fortunately for Dr. HOLMES, he has mistaken his man.
He has not been- able to provoke from Lord
BROUGHAM any other reply than the following polite
and unimpassioned note, which has had the effect of
adding fuel to the flame that raged so fiercely in the
breast of the Rev. Doctor, who has, in a lengthy
rejoinder, fulminated the terrors of the last judgment
against both the Noble Lords.

" Berkeley-square, Dec. 19, 1837.
" Lord Brougham presents his compliments to Dr. Holmes, and has.
ing read the letter addressed to him in an Irish newspaper, and
referred to in Dr. Holmes' private letter, hastens to assure Dr.
Holmes that he takes it in perfect good part. Had any one made
the same charge without his name there would have been no occa-
sion for taking notice of it. But when a person of Dr. Hohnes's
station and respectability has so far misunderstood him as to sup-
pose that he holds it justifiable 'to do evil that good may come,'
Lord Brougham feels himself bound to set him right. He knows
that such is not by any manner of means his own opinion, and he
firmly believes it is not Lord Melbourne's. Whet, Lord Melbourne used
the expression in question, and when Lord Brougham defended it, as
explained by referring to the context, the meaning most certainly was
not that what was proposed to be done would be wrong in itself, but jus-
tified by an advantage to be gained ; neither Lord Brougham nor any
one else could have defended such a proceeding. But the meaning was,
that the measure itself, taking all its consequences together, was right
both first and last."

The Lisbon Papers, up to the 23d of last month,
have brought "no intelligence of importance." This
has been the tale repeated, week after week, by the
enemies of the existing Government in Portugal.
Now, when we look back at the awful forebodings
with which letters and leading articles were filled for
many months, and muse on the dreadful calamities
which were soon to overwhelm that devoted country--
when we reflect on the vile machinations of " pecu-
lating functionaries," " pardoned traitors," and " tur-
bulent exiles," and on the wicked abominations of
those " clubs," held in such detestation by the re-
spectable inhabitants of Lisbon—we must say that the
rears contained in these papers is of the highest im-
portance. Not only Lisbon, but Oporto also, is now
devoted to destruction. These papers inform us that
FRANCA and MANTAS and PEREIRA are still
and that the wicked functionary that rules over the
Court and corporation of Lisbon with uncontrolled sway,
he o!' the arsenal—has become more active than ever,
and is extending his baneful influence in all directions.
And can this be called intelligence of no importance
Is it nothing to learn that the men who are to over-
turn the existing institutions of the country, and strip
the monarchy of its prerogatives—that traitors, rebels,
and incend;aries, now overawe the citizens of Lisbon
and Oporto—and have compelled them to elect the
municipal fu :ctionaries out of lists furnished by these
destructives? " Both at Lisbon and Oporto (says the
correspondent of a Morning Contemporary) the Cor-
porations have chosen from the lists given in by the
revolutionists. In Lisbon there arc about 12,000
electors, and the qualification is so low that several
hundred soldiers of the arsenal battalion, and I believe
the whole of the municipal guard, arc voters"—': these,
if acting together, must exercise a great influence in
the choice of the Corporation." " In. Oporto affairs
have been carried on in the same spirit." Now, when
it is recollected that Lisbo❑ contains a population of
243,000, and Oporto at leut 60,000, and that they pos-
sess large revenues and extensive power, and that the re-
venues and power are now in the bands of the Revo-
lutionists, it cannot be denied that these will give the
Clubs " great advantage in any future contest with
their opponents"—and yet this is described PS intelli-
gence of no importance i True, it is not that sort of
intelligence which the calumniators of the Portuguese
Government consider important. It would be of im-
portance to hear that the policy of the Bandeira Mi-
nistry had excited dissatisfaction in :every quarter—
that the despot in the Arsenal had provoked the inha-
bitants of the capital to rebellion—that the defeated
party had made a third-attempt to get up a cry for the
Charter, and that Miguelists and Chartists had united to
put down this hateful Administration in the midst of anar-
chy and bloodshed ; but it is of no importance to learn
that the intriguing Courtiers are confined to their legi-
timate duties by the military and the citizens—that the
Municipal Authorities of the first two cities in the
kingdom, have been selected from among the Consti-
tutionalists—and that the prudent and firm conduct of
BANDEIRA has abated the violence of the Radical
party, and deterred the advocates of absolute monarchy
from disturbing the peace of the country. We con-
sider these facts, however, of great importance ; be-
cause they show that the spirit of freedom has taken
deep root in the minds of the people, and prove that
the imputations cast on BANDEIRA, and the leaders
of the Constitutional movement, have, with very few
exceptions, been wicked falsehoods..

The whole of the Paris journals of Sunday have
been received this morning. They bring adviccs from
the Spanish frontier of the 28th ult., which state that
on the 25th the Carlist expedition commanded by Don
BASILIO GARCIA, a priest, marched from Llodio
in
the direction of Navarre. The entire force is reported
to consist of 7,000 infantry and 500 horse. The
main body of ESPARTERO'S army continued to oc-
cupy the same cantonments upon the line of the
Ebro.

The amicable termination of the dispute between
Holland and Belgium, respecting the forest of Gru-
nenwald, is confidently anticipated in these journals.
The following extraordinary paragraph relative to this
affair is copied from the De6ats, in which it is given
without a word of comment :
" A courier, just arrived from Berlin to the Foreign Office, was bearer
of an autograph letter from the King of Prussia to Louis Philip, in
which he states that he perfectly agrees with him upon the affairs of
Belgium, and that he leaves it to his management to terminate the dif-
ferences which exist between that country and Holland. The 'Alinister
of War was immediately sent for by his Majesty, and after a conference,
which lasted a few minutes, couriers were sent off to revoke the orders
given in the morning."

The " orders given in the morning" had for their
object the movement of a large military force towards
the Belgian frontier, and their revocation upon receipt
of the King of PRussi A's letter, leaves us to infer
that France suspected the designs of the Berlin
Cabinet to be of a hostile nature. Prussia proves her
disinterestedness by delegating to France the right of
settling the dispute as she may think proper. This is
so far very complimentary ; but then comes the ques-
tion—Has Prussia any claim to the nomination
of an
umpire ? This is the ticklish part of the business—
the more especially as Holland has net yet expressed
any intention of being guided by the opinions of the
Sovereigns who thus constitute themselves mediators
in a dispute which can only be regularly settled by the
German Diet.
The Cardinal Secretary of State of the Holy See

has addressed the following Circular to all Ministers
accredited to the Court of Rome :
" QUIRINAL (PALACE), DEC. 10.—The expulsion of the Archbishop
of Cologne from the see of that metropolis by the Prussian Government
is noTv a fact of public notoriety. It has caused extreme surprise to
his Holiness, and nothing can equal the affliction felt by his apostoiical
soul on being apprised of this act.

The conviction of the holy father that the holy see, in its indulgent
cmdcseension, has used all the means compatible with the maxims
and dogmas of the Catholic religion, not to leave the Prussian Govern.
mcnt even a pretext to undertake anything against the principles and
authority of the Catholic Church and its ministers, must have increased
the deep pain which the intelligence of the above events had caused
him. In circumstances so sad and unexpected, the holy Father, list-
ening only to the voice of his holy ministry, convoked a secret con-
sistory of the sacred College, to acquaint the august assembly with the
expulsion of the Archbiscop of Cologne, and to protest solemnly against
an act constituting an attempt against ecclesiastical authority, ponti-
fical primacy, the laws, and the very unity of the Catholic Church.
" In compliance with the orders of his Holiness, the Cardinal Secre-
tary of State forwards to your Excellency a copy of the pontifical
address, annexed to the present letter, which you will please to com.
municate to your Court." _ _

The Nouvelle Minerve, in commenting upon this
affair, has the following passage, to which we direct
the attention of our readers :
" Should the army of observation despatched by France to the Prussian
frontiers fail of its errand in the Luxemburg affair, it may not chance
to want employment in another way. The arrest of the Archbishop of
Cologne has produced a ferment of agitation among the Catholic po-
pulation of the banks of the Rhine. The Pope has pronounced, before
the Assembly of Cardinals, a speech, in which he declared that the
Archbishop was fully in the right ; and sparks, at least, have been
blown ugon the firebrand of war between the Roman Pontiff and the
King of Prussia, whom the Catholic clergy do not hesitate to compare
to Julian the Apostate. The Archbishop of Paris has not neglected
this opportunity of displaying his religious zeal. The quarrel is as-
suming a very serious appearance • the King of Prussia is placed in the
alternative of either receding or employing force ; but then what are
the consequences of force employed against consciences excited at the
same time by religion and patriotism f Under such circumstances
France cannot be too much on its guard, nor the Govornment too pru.
dent in its manmuvres. The Cologne affair is far more serious im-
portance than that of the forest of Grunenwald.

There is no domestic news of any interest in the
Paris Journals of Sunday. Subjoined are extracts

from them :

The Gazette de Languedoc contains the following article:—
" A letter from St. Beat, of the 23d, informs us that on the pre-
ceding day the Carlists had unexpectedly penetrated into the Valley of
Aran, and that after a brisk fire of musketry with the Christinos they
had entered Vielle. Our correspondent was not able at the moment of
his writing to give us any other details.
" A le:ter from the frontier, of the 22d, teils us that Colonel Sa.
garra, at the head of 1,300 men, has defeated a Christino column of
2,000 men, commanded by Cleinenta. This Chief, leaving Vich with
the regiment of Zamora, the remains of the Belgian Legion, and the
receteros, intended to proceed to Campredon to favour the passage of
Carbo, who was coming from Puycerda. Sagarra advanced to Saint
Quirse ; lie had with him four mountain guns. The action took place
in the advantageous position which he had chosen ; it continued several
hours, and the Cliristinos being dispersed were obliged to take refuge at
Olot. Semmet, Commander of the Miguelists, and the son of Carbo,
are said to be among the ki!led.

" There is much desertion among the Christinos, especially in the regi-
m-nt of Zamora, which was commanded by Col. Sagarra, who is joined
by several of his old soldiers, by whom he was much la,lovell. Other
Christinos take refuge in France. They are discouraged and in a state
of complete destitution, while their adversaries arc full of ardour for
the cause which they defend.

" The conveyance of 200,000 cartridges from Figueras to Puycerda
by the French frontier has been permitted, and will begin to be carried
into execution on the 22d of this month."—Gazette de France.

A morning journal hai the following article :

SARAGOSSA, Dec. 25.—Cabrera, after having ravaged Quinto Be-
naceta and Ypar, has hastened towards Xeloca, and in two days has
marched over 26 leagues without being pursued by a single soul. It
is said that lie seas ready to penetrate into Castile by way of
Godoges or Alhama, and that his intention is absolutely to seize on
Soria or Boyo. He is punctually served, but it is through fear, for
during the last six weeks he has done nothing but shoot the Alca'des,,
whom he takes to be enemies to the cause which he supports.7-Com-
fierce.

The Qmotidienne thus sums up some of the services in which the
army is engaged:—

" 30,000 men in garrison in Paris ; 30,000 in Africa watching Abd-
el-Kadcr : 30,000 in observation on the coast and frotier of Spain for
the b?ncfit of the Constitutionalists; 30,000 in the West teaching the
Vendeans to respect the Constitution of 1830 ; 30,000 in the East to
attend, in case of need, to the movements of the King of Prussia."

CORSICA, DEC. ‘23.—The district of Sartene has been freed of a
dreaded robber. It was to the activity and courage of corporals Bartoli
and Muracioti, and of the soldier Mattel, of the 4th company of the
Corsican Voltigeurs, that the island is indebted for the destruction of
Jacques Bar toll, alias ('lnferno. Those brave men have deserved well
of the country, and will, we hope, be adequately recompensed for their
zeal and devotedness. Th:y were following Bartoli a long time when,
on the 16th, towards nightfall, being on the territory of Olmeto, at a
plav called Aglio, th y suddenly heard a noise, and Mattel saw l'ln-
fcrne taking aim at him with a carbine. Fortunately the piece missed
fire, and Mattel, leveling his gun at him, shot him dead on the spot.
Bartoli had been guilty of a number of murders in the district of Sar-
tone, where he had defied for several years the vigilance of the police,
snd the activity of the troops employed in pursuit of him.—Journal
des Debuts.