The Sun.
London, England, 1831-10-26 00:00:00

SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS,

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„
prevalence- of which was one of the most urgent
arguments in favour of Reform. The voters are,
to a great extent, packed, to suit the objects of
some few leading families, and to ensure the re-
turn of one or more Members for the cowry
from among them at the least inconvenience
and expense that might be practicable. Mr. Cal-
craft succeeded against this giant organization,
but through an effort on the pelt of the R4ormers
which-it is impossible for numerous, independent,
and scattered individuals to exhibit repeatedly with-
out enormous sacrifices. The oligarchy in each
county, with whatever coldness the people may look
upon them, possess a far greater facility for continu-
ing, as well as for reiterating, their political exertions
than the independent interest can in its present cir-
cumstances attain to. The oligarch numbers are
few, and their vassals well used to prompt obedience ;
the advantages, thcr,fore, of discipline and arrange-
ment are theirs. Their purses are heavy, and their
means of expenditure fur election purposes are con-
centrated ; whereas those of the independent gentry
and middle orders are dispersed, and therefore less
applicable to a single object. The oligarch power
is more capable of being rallied and of executing,
under the guidance of long-acknowledged chiefs, a
patient and sustained co-operation, than the volun-
teer force of the independent interest, not making
political ambition or cupidity a regular business, can
pretend to be. The sum total of electors in many
counties is not at pi esent so extensive as to
set at defiance the machinations of individuals
or their parties. But a !Worm will cure all this.
With respect to Pembrokeshire, it has hitherto been
a borough in the hands of Sir John Owen. The

former election of the Hon. Baronet was carried by
unfair means. We have a right to say so, because
a Committee of the House of Commons declared
the fact, and sent him to a new election. This last
election has been carried by means, which, like those
of the preceding one, are also to be brought before
the House of Commons. Is thi,t matter of triumph
fur the Tory cause ? Is that the re-action which
• they boast of ? But Cambridgeshire is again the
scene of an election battle. There the borough-
monger interests have coalesced, and have flung their
whole souls into the conflict—we mean the whole
weight of their money. Now, that there do exist
in Cambridgeshire materials too powerful for the oli-
garch league to overcome, ht s been demonstrated
in previous cases, where the same coalition of the
Rutlands and Hardwicices has been very signally de-
feated. if the independent interest should be
beaten in the present instance, therefore, we shall
consider it an indelible disgrace. It is not because
Reform must, in the end, be successful, that it be-
comes less the duty of honest men to strain every
effort towards facilitating and expediting that

s.,
victory. The country is agitated by anx;ety.
Commerce has !tot much of its nerve and en' er-
prise. Feelings of bitterness are gaining ground in
all directions. If the d;fficulties of Ministers be not
smoothed by the zealous and cordial entrgy of the
people, and if the nnisters do not themselves extrt
every nerve, incalculable evils may be produced in
the course of a protracted struggle; and in some
respects Reform, as in some respects Catholic eman-
cipation, may be acquired too late. In Cambridge.
shire, therefore, we do conjure all well-wishers of
their country to spare neither pains, nor purse, nor
person, but to embark keenly in this glorious
struggle, and to fight it manfully and generously to
the end. The triumph is in the hands of the Re-
formers, if they only choose to grasp it. But it.. is
not in Cambridge only—every where the cause
must rest with the people; they alone, whether
Ministers are false or true, can lose the victory ;

they alone can be degraded, as they will be the
victims to remote generations, severely punished for
the loss. The Tories are organized in all quarters.
What, then, are the people doing ? Why do they
not form Unions every where—in town, in country
—in cities, parishes, villages, hamlets ? Hand-bills
must be posted up. Let them break no law, but
let our stout countrymen, in God's name, so act, as
to prevent the Tories from succeeding in a plot,
which, under the name of " moderate Reform,"
will in time make ..the laws of England but a cloak

for the arbitrary pleasure of onevincorrigible fac-
tion.—Tunes.

We publish the reply of three eminent persons,
the Chancellor of the Exchequer, and the Bishops
of Norwich and Chichester, to addresses from the
muni6pal_authorities and inhabitants (1 the county

town of Warwick, transmitted to their Lordships (II
their conduct in the important question on which we
may now say " all Europe rings from side to side."
Lot d Althorp's production is just and proper ; that
of the good Bishop of Norwich is every thing that
his cow.trymen could expect from him. The Bishop
of Chichester demands peculiar notice, from the

character of the man, his position on the bench as