The Sun.
London, England, 1849-06-14 00:00:00

which depended liberty and freedom on the one hand,
or of an ignominious and painful death upon the
scaffold on the other ; that some of them, at le. st, had
forfeited station and effluence, and all that could make
life desirable ; that they had sustained a year of
lingering incarceration—a punishment much heavier
to such persons than to the ordinary class of offenders,
and perhaps more intol. rable than even death itself,
if endured when their spirits were worked up to the
highest pitch of enthusiasm. But if their chastise-
ment had been severe, their crimes demanded exem-
plary punishment ; neither was there anything to
prevent the Government from again ameliorating
their condition and remitting further punishment,
when thought and reflection shall have convinced
them of the heinousness of their offences, and opened
their eyes to the true nature of the acts of which
they had been guilty, and to the madness of the con-
duct that had reduced them from comfort and happi-
ness to humiliation and suffering. Indeed there is
every reason to suppose that such further commuta-
tion would not be very long delayed, if they showed
themselves deserving of the Royal clemency.
Unfortunately, however, Mr. SMITH O'BRIEN, and,
we fear, we may add some at least of his coadjutors,
appear to he still actuated by the perverse and reck-
less spirit by which they were animated before their
abortive attempt at insurrection had been suppres-ed,
When they sti.)l supposed the expulsion of the British
troops from Ireland and the establishment of a Pro-
visional Government practicable. It will be seen
that the Honourable Member for the county of
Limerick on Monday evening presented a petition
from his late colleague to the House of Commons, in
which that unhappy gentleman objected to the com-
mutation of his sentence and refused to exchange the
punishment of death for that of transportation for life.
Accounts from Ireland also state that Sir C. O'Loca-
LEN, on behalf of the prisioners generally, announced on
Saturday to the Under-Secretary for Ireland the de-
termination at which they had arrived, and denied
the authority of the Government to send them from
the country, except with their own consent, which
they refused to give. This novel question must
therefore, if the parties should persevere in their in-
sane resolution, be decided by the proper authorities.
We shall not of course enter into any consideration of
the legal point while it is yet sub judice, but will
merely remark, that even if their views were well
founded, and that they could not be expatriated in
lieu of suffering the capital penalty assigned to their
offence, their punishment would be still more severe,
and trying, for they could be detained in perpetual
imprisonment as criminals under sentence of death,
who had been from time to time respited. Their
absurd vanity will not, therefore, be gratified ;
they will not be made martyrs, nor will the
Government recal the conditional pardon they
have announced ; hut if not transported the pri-
s-mers will be detained in a lingering and irksome
confinement, far worse than banishment, in which,
after a brief period, they could enjoy comparative
freedom, and the society of those who would be pre-
pared to follow them even to another hemisphere, and
to share the wretched fate which had been occasioned
by their rash and hesdstrcng conduct.

ATTEMPT AT
INSURRECTION IN PARIS,

Extraordinary intelligence has reached us from
Paris this morning, by electric telegraph.
The appeal to arms, made from the tribune of
the Legislative Assembly by M. LEDRU RoLuN,
and responded to with such enthusiasm by the
Mountain, has already exercised its influence on the
population.
Barricades have again been attempted to be raised.
Paris has been again declared in a state of siege.

Blood is again expected to flow through the streets
tn '6e French capital, adding the horrors of civil war
to the at._
oltions of the cholera.
Such preparati,_
have, however, been made by
the authorities, and sucn -.past military power is at
present concentrated in their ha.-t 5 in the metropolis,
that little hope of immediate success
-emains with
the insurgents.
The outbreak is evidently precipitate.
The public mind in England must have been wel
prepared for this close to the Italian policy of the
Odilon Barrot Administration. From accounts given
at considerable length in our columns last evening, it
must have been evident that a great amount
of excitement existed among the people as to the
conduct of the Government in regard to Rome, and
especially in reference to the last violent discussion
on that gutject between the Dreit and the Gauche of
the National Assembly. The long harangues of M.
LEDRU RoLLIN and of M. ODILON BARROT, together
wish the abrupt but striking remarks of General
BEDEAU and M. TRIERS were preceded by the
Impeachment, signed with 142 signatures. They
were followed by the " Declaration" of the Mountain ;
by the "Declaration" of the Democratic-Socialist
Journalists; by the Remonstrances of the 3d and 7th
Legions of the National Guard; by the "Protest of
the Schools," and by the appeal from the Electoral
Typographical Committee of the National Assembly.
These inflammatory speeches and placards have
already brought forth the fruits they were intended
to produce.

Through the medium of the Red Republican jour-
nals the Mountain has issued the following ad-
dress :

" TO THE FRENCH PEOPLE.

" The people alone is sovereign.
" The di legates of the people. whoever they may be,
the President of the Republic, the Ministers, the repre-
sentatives themselves, only receive and hold their man-
date on condigion of obeying the Constitution.
" When they viola'e it their mandate is cancelled.
" Artcle 54 of the Cons itution says, "Ihe President
of the Republic w voles over the defence of the state, but
h,• cannot undertake any war without the consent of the
Nations! Assembly.'
" Article sof the preamble says, The French Re-
public respects foreign nationalities, as it will make its
own respected; will undertake no war with a view to
conquest, or ever employ its forces against the liberty of
any people.'
" The President of the Republic has declared war on
Rome without the consent of the National Assembly.
"He has, moreover, in defiance of the decree of the
A‘setubly on the 7th of May, continued to cause French
blood to be shed.

" He hiss, in fine, employed the forces of France
against the liberty of the Roman people.
" This double violation of the Constitution is as clear
as the sun at noonday.
" The undersigned representatives of the people make
an appeal to the consciences of their colleagues pro-
posing to them the impeachment of the Executive Go-
vernment.

"The majority of the Assembly has rejected this pro-
position; it had already rendered itself, by its vote of
the 11th of May, an accomplice in the affairs of Italy.
" In this conjunction what has the minority to do?

" After having protested at the tribune, it has only to
remind the people, the National Guard, and the army,
that Art. 110 places the Constitution under the guar-
dianship of all Frenchmen.
People, the moment is critical. All these acts re-
veal a grand system of monarehieal conspiracy agoiast
the Republic. The ill dissembled hatred of democracy
on the banks of the Seine breaks out in all freedom on
the banks of the Tiber.

" In this struggle between people and kings tbe Go-
vernment has ranged itself on the side of the latter
against the former.
" Soldiers ! you reckon on wresting Italy from the
Austrians; you are condemned to assist Austria in en-
slaving her.
" At the moment when Prussia, Russia, and Austria
threaten our eastern frontiers, it is wished to make you
the auxiliaries of the enemies of France.
" National Guards, you are the defenders of liberty
and order. Liberty—order is the constitution; it is the
Republic
•

11 Let us all rally to the cry of Vive la Republique,
vive la Constitution.'"
Signed by the Members of the Mountain.
Another manifesto of a more desperate character
has been issued through the same organs; it runs as
follows :

uPbElOicPiatd the Ministers are
theo
eEp
"The of
without the pale of the Constitution.
"The part of the Assembly, which by its rote of ye
terday rendered itself an accomplice in their acts, are in
n
the bailie situation.
" The National Guards are rising, the workships are
closing; let cur brethren of the army rem.- mber that they
are citistns, and that as such their first duty is to defend
the Constitution.
"Let the whole penp!e rise.
" Vire la Republique
" Vire li Constitution 1"
Signed by the Committee of the Press, the Demo-
cratic Socialitits, the Schools, and the Delegates of the
Luxembourg.
The third is from the Democratic Association of
the Friends of the Constitution :
" rt. 110 of the Constitution confides it to the
guardianship and patriotism of all Frenchmen.
" Let, therefore, all tha friends of the Constitution;
let all true citizens, remember the duties which are im-
posed on them by the fundamental law. Let a mani-
f.station, grand and calm as justice, solemn as the holy
cause of nationalities, make evident the protest of the
French people against the audacious acts of the Govern-
ment, and secure henceforth the triumph of the Consti-
tution.