The Sun.
London, England, 1849-04-06 00:00:00

N°. 17,038.] tIC-A,El3,a N t3p,:a
LONDON, FRIDAY e•-,./

the STATE and PROSPECTS of the
LABOURING CLASSES.

January, 1849.

The Committee of the SOCIETY for the IMPROVEMENT of the
CONDITION of the LABOURING CLASSES feel unwilling to allow
the opening of a new year, under such unparalleled circumstances as
the present, to pass over without offering to their subscribers, and
the gentry, clergy, and middle classes of -England generally, a few
words of congratulation and of caution.
The grounds of congratulation will be obvious to every one—that
a year of convulsions to Europe generally should have elapsed in
England almost without any serious alarm, and that this general
tranquillity should have been preserved during the pressure of much
want of employment, poverty, and privation, may well excite a feel-
ing of gratitude, and lead us to prize more deeply those institutions
which have thus "weathered the storm ;" and, above all, that spirit
of religion, which, even partially and is perfectly diffused as it is,
has yet shown itself, though in weakness, the best controller of na-
tional perturbations.
But, besides these general grounds of thankfulness, the Committee
have much cause to congratulate their subscribers on the progress
made in their own more immediate work in the course of the past
year. Not only has the gracious patronage of her Majesty and her
Royal Contort encouraged and enabled them to commence a new
work of magnitude and importance—the Model Lodging-house for
Families, which will shortly, it is hoped, rise from the ground in the
immediate vicinity of St. Giles's—but the example already set be-
gins to be extensively followed. Within thelast few months the Com-
mittee have had the pleasure of witnessing efforts of a kindred na-
ture, and most of them confessedly iu imitation of those carried on
by this Society, made or planned in several populous and important
places.
In the great parish of St. Anne, Soho, the rector and a parochial
committee have completed and opened a large lodging-house, in
which excellent accommodation is provided for as many as 136 per-
sons of the industrious classes.

Adjoining to this, in St. James's, Westminster, the rector, with a
parochial committee, is employed on a similar undertaking.
At Edinburgh and Glasgow model lodging-houses have been opened
and further efforts in We same direction are contemplated.
In the city of Bath a similar work has ecently been undertaken
by the clergy and a local committee, and there can be no doubt of Its
spe idy and complete accomplishment.
At Brighton, a lodging-house for the working-classes is planned,
and measures for its establishment have been taken by several of the
clergy.
At Macclesfield the same object is engaging the attention of the
inhabitants, and a measure of this kind is now in progress. Several
other movements of the same description, in other towns, are in va-
ions stages of maturity.
Nor ought we to forget—though an entirely independent move-
ment—the recent opening of the Metropolitan Buildings, near Old
St. Pancras Church, in which excellent lodgings are provided for as
many as 110 families of the industrious classes.

Observing all these efforts of benevo,ence, commencing nearly at
the same time., the Committee feel that there is abundant ground for
congratulation ; and that it is hardly too much to hope that at no
very distant day the wants and comforts of the town labourers
throughout England may be generally, or even universally, regarded
with interest.

Turning to the agricultural districts, the Committee feel that the
only way in which these can be effectually attended to, is by the
active co-operation of the landed proprietors, the clergy, and gentry,
in the important work of raising from ignorance, destitution, and
discontent, a large proportion of the labourers of Great Britain,
With this view, the Committee are iu")py to be able to state, this'
having prepared plans and sped cations for several kinds of agri-
cultural cottages, they nave received, since the month of June last,
no tewer than 184 applications:or copies of them, the greater part of
which applications have been made by gentlemen who avowed their
inten•ion of immediately lca ginning to raise, in their res,,ective
neighbourhoods, better dwellings for the agricultural poor t an those
which have hitherto teen so common in our villages. The Com-
mittee have also issued a plan for a Village Lodging-house, adapted
for unmarried agricultural labourers, quarrymen, and miners, and
they have the sati fact on of knowing that, in various places, especi-
ally at Brampton-park, near Huntingdon, and at Tunixidge-wells,
t is sort of dwelling is now in course of erection.
The Committee also receive mast gratifying account. of tt e efforts
making in different part of the country to improve the dwellings of
the poor, among the foremost of sr hick they must place the recant
erection of a considerable number of excel ent cottages at Ampthill
and other villages, by his Grace the Bake of Bedford, who is about
to extend the same system of improvement over the whole of his
large prop arty. . _ _

ice- while-giving utterance to these congratulations, the Com-
mittee feel compelled to add some words of caution. They fear that
certain erroneous notions, which have long been prevalent, are still
entertained in many quarters as to the expediency and propriety of
all or any such attempts to ameliorate the condition of the poor. It
seems still to be thought by some, that to render the labouring
classes comfortable is to encourage their increase—that to encourage
their increase leads to the growth of pauperism—and that pauperism
is " the devouring evil which threatens to swallow up all the pro-
erty of the country."

A moment's glance at the statistics of the present century may
suffice to dissipate some of these illusions.
The population of England and Wales, in 1817, was 11,349,750;
the sum expended in 1817 on the relief of the poor was 6,910,9251.
In 1847 the population kad grown to at least 17,000,000, but the
sum expended on the rell f of the poor in that year was only
6,2"8,7851. Thus, in 1817 the pauperism of the kingdom was equal
to a levy of more than 12s. on each person ; in 1847 it did not amount
to 7s. on each.

In 1817 a sum of 6,910,9251. was raised on rateable property of the
•alue of 52,000,000/. In 1847 the sum cf 5,298,7851. was raised on
property vaied at 67,000,0001. Thus, in 1817 the rateable property
of the country had to bear a levy of 2s. Bd. in tke pound, while in
1847 that levy was reduced to is. 7d.
Hence, whatever allowance we may make for the stricter admi-
nistration of the poor-law, or for the reduced price of the necessaries
of life, these few figures will show how ungrounded is the alarm
entertained by some, that pauperism is an ever-Increasing evil, which
must, sooner or later, swallow up all property.
To take a contrary view, is it not a striking fact, that a property..
tax of only 7d. in the pound yielded, in 1847, more money than was
expended on the whole pauperism of England and Wales ?
These few facts are adduced solely to quiet al arm, and to restore
confidence. The Committee feel assured that nothing is now wanted
to raise the English labourer, generally, to a position of moderate
comfort, so far as his physical wants are concerned, but an increase
1 hope and confidence—hope and confidence on the part of the
employer and proprietor, and the like feeling on the part of the
labourer.

It is to be feared that a sentiment of despair, naturally leading to
recklessness, is the principal cause of much of the improvidence and
vice still prevalent among the working classes, If the labourer is
not only poorly fed and clothed, and wretchedly lodged, but sees also
no prospect of improvement, even in the vista of years, who can wou-
.ler if the least temptation, either to sensual indulgence or to reck-
less engagements, proves tco mach for his stability ? To imbue a
man with self-respect, or thoughtfulness for the future, it is clearly,
essential that hope should brighten the prospect. It is but too pro-
bable that most of the improvident marriages which occur among
the poor arise from the utter absence of all hope that marriage shall
ever be anything e'se than improvident. The man who has known
the comfort of a decent home, and can look forward to the posses-
sion of such an one, will not be very likely to throw himself wilfully
is poverty and wretchedness.
Hence it may be safely regarded as one of the surest safeguards
against ra-h and imprudent marriage, to give the young labourer
some knowledge of the comforts of a respectable home, and to afford
him a prospect of acquiring such for himself by the exercise of in-
dustry, prudence, and frugality.
The Committee wilt not further enter into details, or press their
convictions with undue confidence. But they may surely beg, with-
out blame, the attention of the gentry and :middle classes to the
signs of the times, and to the vast importance of rendering the con-
dition of the labouring classes as comfortable as their natural posi-
tion will allow. Everywhere the spread of knowledge and education
is clothing the working classes with power. That power they have
used, and are using, in various parts of Europe, to overthrow those
whom they consider to have wronged or oppressed them. In Eng-
land, happily, there exists no real ground for such complaints. But
even the ordinary sufferings of poverty, if not soothed by sympathy,
and alleviated by the hand of wealthy benevolence, may be some
times mistaken for the inflictions of injustice. Hence the Divine
warning and counsel can never be more seasonably applied than at
this moment :—" The poor shall never cease out of the land ; there-
fore I command thee, saying, thou shalt open thine hand wide unto
thy brother, to thy psor, and to thy needy in the laud."
_ _ _ _ _

_ .
In conclusion, the Committee would add a few words on their
own immediate concerns. The work entrusted to them becomes
daily of increasing importance. Their correspondence with all parts
of England rapidly extends, and appeals are continually made to them
which involve an increased expenditure. The principal work, too,
in London—the Model Lodging-house for Families, now about to be
commenced, will require an expenditure of at least 8,0001., while
little more than 5,0001. has yet been subscribed for that purpose.
On every ground, therefore, the Committee would earnestly ask
for new and enlarged contributions. No other society, they believe
it may be safely asserted, devoting itself to the physical necessities
of the poor, has embarked in so extensive and necessary an under-
taking as this in which they are engaged. They desire to do some-
thing to ameliorate the condition of the whole labouring population
of the kingdom; and tew and feeble as their efforts have yet been,
they still find encouragement to hope that, by perseverance, and
with the blessing of Him " who judgeth the cause of the poor and
needy," even this great work may in a measure be accomplished.
Signed for the Committee,

ASHLEY, Chairman.

Subscriptions

Her Most Gracious Majesty the Queen and his Royal High-

ness Prince Albert
Her Alajesty the Queen Dowager ..
Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent .•
Iler Royal Highness the Duchess of Gloucester
The Right Hon. Earl Spencer .. .•
Sir Joseph Copley, Bart., 2d don. ..
The Right Hon. Lord Fevershain .. ..
S. M. Peto, Esq., M.P. •• • ••

••£3OO 0 0
.. 150 0 0
•• 100 0 0
.• 50 0 0
.. 100 0 0
•• 110 0 0
.. 100 0 0

.. 100 0 0

Ray. E. Holland ..
His Craee the Duke of Bedford ..
Miss Portal ..
Messrs. Barclay and Co. ..

.. 100 0 0
.. 100 0 0
.. 100 0 0
.. 100 0 0

Kosmos • •
Abel Smith, Esq.

.. 100 0 0
.. 100 0 0

Lord WilloUghl,y De Eresby .. 100 0 0
A Friend, by L. Sullivan, Esq. .. • • .. . 100 0 0
Total to Jan. 1, 1849 .. .. £5,663 36
Donations since received :
The 11ev. Dr. Ellerton £25 0 o!Mrs. Ilughaln .. £2O 0 0
A Friend .. .. 50 0 01W. P. Angell, Esq. b 5 0

R. B. Cooke, Esq. • •
Major Cruikshank • •
A., per Nisbet ..
Y. T. • • ..

5 0 0
5 o 0
0 C
4 0 0

Sehael
hiss Cath. Stuart ..
FL W. M. L. • •
Nfajor Little

C. Saver, Esq. .. b 0 ( r.ady Murray 2 2 0
A. Palmer, Esq. .. 5 0 I Jennings, Esq. .. 10 10 0
A. ll.llradshaw,Esq. le 0 C t. Wilkinson, Esq 0 0
Donations and annual subscriptions will be received by Messrs.
Williams, Deacon and Co., Birchln-lane ; Messrs. Berries, Farqu-
har, and Co., St. James-street ; Messrs. Coutts and Co., Strand ;
Messrs. Stralian, Paul, and Co , Temple-bar ; and by Ilatehards,
Pica tiny ; Seeleys, Fleet-street and Ilsnover-street ; and Nisbet,
Ilerners•street ; or by the Secretary, at the office, 21, Exeter-hall.

HELL GWYNNE TAVERN and CITOP-
IIOUSE, Bull Inn-court, Strand, for Luncheons, Dinners,
and Suppers, Three Doors East of the Adeiphi Theatre, and opposite
Adam street.

Messrs. ARCHER and HOLT most respectfully invite their
friends and the public to patronise the Nell Owynne Cofee room,
which has been fitted up in the style of the period in which she lived.
Visitors to the Theatres, Citizens, and Gentlemen connected with
Somerset House, and the Banking louses In the vicinity, will find
the Table d'llote, which takes place at Hail-past Five TPeeseln the
most comfortable and rea °liable In the metropolis.—Fish and
Joints, 2s. per head. Hot Joints until Eight, and Suppers until Ten
o'clock. Private Dining-rooms excellent Beds, superior Wines and
Spirits, fine Ales, and Barclay and Perkins's Stout.
_ _ _ _ _

N.B. An Entrance also from Maiden lane,

TO COMMERCIAL TRAVELLERS

rrIIE WHITE HART INN, BUCKINGHAM,
_L having been repaired and newly furnished, will be found to
afford every comfort to those Rho honour the establishment with
their patronage. A commodious room is entirely devoted to the use
of commercial gentlemen.

11HE ROYAL CHINESE JUNK
will Re• open on EASTER MONDAY next, in the East India
Docks, adjoining the Steam-boat Pier and ltai.way Terminus Black-
wall, surrounded by an amp'e enclosure and promenade.

-AdmissiZni—ON E SIII

Numerous additions have been made to this interesting and novel
Exhibition, includin4 a splendid model of one of the most famous Pa-
godas in China; models taken from life of a first-class Mandarin an
his Lady, in beautiful Court Costume.

Grand Saloon of Curiosities:

Mandolin Hesing and Artist Jamsing in full dress—Chinese Crew
—Chinese Songs, &c.
Conveyance constantly by Railway, Omnibus, or Steam-boat.

Admls-sion ONE
Cealogues to be haAl only on board, pricy Sixpence.

THE NICOLL—REGENT-STREET and
CORNHILL.

BESIDES the above Patented Article, there
is another Novelty introduced for this Season which is
however, Registered, and consists in a BODY GARMENT some-
what in the form of a Dress-coat, that Is to say, a Gentleman
can wear it in the evening without distinctly infringing the laws
of costume recognised in Society ; but as it is more especially in-
tended for morning wear, when Riding or Walking, it necessarily
avoids the stiff formality to De observed in the cut and form of;. the
Dress-coat. The price is

. . TWO GUINEAS.
the same as charged at 114, 116, and 120, REGENT-STREET, and
22, CORNHILL, for

THE REGISTERED PALETOT,
which is likewise now ready for the Spring months, with all
the new and patented improvements included in the above moderate
price; thus it deservedly bears the name of being not only the most
fashionable but also the, cheapest and most durable garment ever
offered to the Public, the intrinsic value of the material known as
NICOLLIAN or LLAMA CLO being, within the last few months,
much enhanced, the same durability being retained, with an increased
fineness and beauty in appearance. It can ba seen ready for imme-
diate wear, in every size, at 114, 116, and 120, REGENT-STREET,
and 22, CORNHILL, but

TT is impossible to detail in an ordinary Adver-
JL the many advantages appertaining to the above gar-
ments. In the first place, kle!srs. NICOLL purchase the wool
direct from the foreign grower, and it does not leave their possession
until it is produced in a complete form and ready for the inspection
of their Patrons. Messrs. NICOLL are honoured with the patronage
of their Royal Highnesses Prince Albert, Prince George of Cam-
bridge, Prince Edward of Saxe Weimar, his Grace the Duke of Wel•
lington, and all others distinguished in Rank and Fashion, the Court,
the Pulpit, and the Bar.
At 114, 116, and 120, REGENT-STREET, and 21, CORNHILL,
there is to be seen

THE NICOLL.—A patented garment and pos
sessing this peculiarity, that whilst in its exterior it preserves
every charteteristic of he Registered Paletot, it can, by simply
detaching an inner li ing, be conver ed from a warm to a light
0 crcoat, or vice versa, at th • pleasure of the 'wearer. This same
inner lining, a lien detached, of itself forms a most comfortable
reading or dre,ling jacket. There are many other a iyantages con-
ained in TIIE NICOLL, ren tering it as e garment a most valuable
adjunct in a variable climate, also for travelling, kc., but it should
be seen and won to be fa:Ay appreciated, but it can be had in Lon-
don only at 114, 116, 120, REGENr-STREET, and 22, CORNHILL,
ant

TT is perhaps unnecessary here to state that Messrs.
JL NICOLL will endeavour to deserve and retain the eminent
position they have attained through the employment and liberal
payment of the best skill and talent that can be met with. 11 order
to introduce articles of gentlemanly costume in the most perfect
taste. Messrs. N. are well aware that their great popularity induced
by the high character exhibited in every point of the Registered
Paletot, &c., &c., has caused many to assume a somewhat similar
title for their goods, but the copy has consisted only in a close re-
semblance of the name but not of the article ; a careful observance
of the annexed address is therefore respectfully solicited, where the
above garments can only be obtained in London.

11. J. and D. NICOLL,
114, 116. 12.), REGENT-STREET,
and 22, CORNHILL.

UNDER the SH 4.DOW of the GRASS •
HOPPER (22, Cornbill, opposite the Royal Exchange) may
be seen the City Depot fer the NICOLL, the REGISTERED
PALETOT, NICOLL'S MORNING COATS, and other garments,
with some portion of each of the beautiful fabrics daily exhibited In
the spacious warerooms, 114, 116, and -120, Regent-street, as not
only these last-named premises, bat also those in Cornhill, are the
property of one and the same firm.

The fallowing agents have also a large variety ofgoods for inspection,
viz. :—Messrs. Wareing and Son, New-street, Birmingham ; Messrs.
Dawbant and Son, Bold-street, Liverpool ; Messrs. 31acdona, Moles-
worth-street, Dublin► ; Messrs. Christie am, Son, George-street, Edin-
burgh; Means. Wilson and Co.. Calcutta; Messrs. Rutherford, Hong
Kong ; Messrs. Roth, Philadelphia; Messrs. Bruce, Cape Town.
11 y a des agents pour la vente do ces articles brevet& dans tontes
les principales vines de PAngleterre et des colonies qui oat des as-
sortiments prets a etre examines.

TO THE COUNTRY TRADE, &c.—Such re-
spectable Houses as may be disposed to add to their present
trade the very important addition of a lirst-rate connexion, consisting
of purchasers of first-class Goods, principay PALETOTS, can
effect their object by applying for terms, &e. to the under-men-
tioned, who will duly forward same, with fullept particulars,
in tha event of there being an opening for an agency in the
town from whence they write.—H. J. and D. NICOLL, WHOLE-
SALE and COUNTING-HOUSE DEPARTMENT, 120, REGENT-
STREET, London.

AVIES'S CANDLES, sd. and sd. per lb. ;
Waxed-wick Moulds, 6%d.; Composite, 11%d., 10d., and 10%d;
Wax Candles, Is.; German Wax, Is. 2d.; Fine Wax, 15. 5d.;
Transparent Wax, Is. 9(1. ; Best Wax, 2s. Id. ; Sperm Candles,
Is. sd. and Is. 7d. Metallic, 7%d. and B%d. ; Mottled Soap, 60s. and
645. per 1121bs. ; Yellow, 485., 545., and 60s. ; Windsor Soap, ls. 4d.
per packet ; Brown Windsor, Is. 9d. ; Rose, 2s. ; Almond, 2s. 6d. ;
Sealing Wax, 4s. 6d. per lb. ; Sperm Oil, 7s. 6d. per gallon; Solar
33.3 d. , Seal, 45.; Argand, or Vegetable, 4s. 6d.
For Caeh—At DAWES'S Old Established Warehouse, 63, St.
Martin's-lane. Export or Grocers' and 011-shop Goods at lower
prices.

P THE IMPORTANT QUESTIONS OF COLONIZATION,
EMIGRATION, AND PENAL ARRANGEMENTS. .
Just published (with a Map by Wyld, Charing-crass),
ALETTER from Major Robert Carmichael-
Smyth
Thoughttos lot
ni s
the Friend,sob theeet
of
Authorr
totifs
Colonial The
e lo c
Railwayk m k er, ' '
con-
taining
Com-
munication between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, at the same
time assisting Emigration and Penal Arrangements ; conciud ng with
a few Remarks on the Grand Canal and Railway Project of Lieut.
Henry Millington synge, of the Royal Engineers'.
Published by W. P. Metchim, 20, Parliament-street. Sold also by
Simpkin and Marshall; Ridgway, Piccadilly; Wilson, Royal Ex-
change ; Saunders, Charing-cross ; and R. Folthorp, Royal Library,
Brighton.
Concluding paragraphs from the article in the HISTORIC TIMES
of the 23d of February, on the Missing Arctic Expedition.
"This brief sketch of Arctic discovery may serve to remind our
readers of its progress to the present time, and prepare them for
further discoveries, while it sufficiently illustrates our estimate of
the national character that in about fifteen years the fee-bound
coasts of a continent extending 110 degtees of longitude, i.e., as
wide as Asia, and twice as wide as Europe, has been traced by land
and sea, and Its interior traverse'd •in every direction. It cannot,
however, be doubted that the same amount of energy and capital thus
employed might have joined the Atlantic and Pacific by a path acailatee
for commercial purposes, united the west with the east, poured the
wealth of the latter into the coffers of our merchants, and spread reli-
gion and civilization to the most remote corners of the globe."
Extracts from THE SUN, 16th February.
"According to the scheme disclosed in this remarkable pamphlet,
mails, merchandise. and passengers might be perpetually conveyed
to and fro between England and her colonial territories in the two
hemispheres without having to traverse the roads of Continental
Europe (which roads might be rendered impassable at any moment
by the outbreak of a general war), and without the necessity of
having to double either the Cape of Good Hope or Cape Horn,
where the seas are as tempestuous as the voyages are circuitous;
and the intercourse between Great Britain and her most distant
and scattered possessions would not only be by this means less liable
to interruption, but it would be infinitely more rapid, and, in every
respect, more convenient. The proposed line of railway would link
together the two oceans, the Pacific and the Atlantic; it would
stretch in a direct line across our colonies in North America; it
would commence at Halifax, in Nova Scotia. and would terminate
at Frazer's River, pouring into the Gulf of Georgia; it would com-
municate by steam-vessels with the ports of the United Kingdom in
one direction, and in the other would promote a continual inter-
change of commodities and intelligence with Pekin, with Canton,
with Australia, with New Zealand, with the Spice Islands, with
Ceylon, with Madras, and with Calcutta.
" The North American Railway from the Gulf of Georgia to the
Gulf of St. Lawrence, running from Nova Scotia by St. John's
through New Brunswick, across the St. Lawrence and Otawa, tra-
versing Upper Canute along the shores of Lake Huron and Lake Su-
perior, through the dominions of the Hudson's Bay Ccmpany to the
south of Lake Winnipeg, over the chain of the Rocky Mountains to
the coast of the Pacific confronting the Island pf Vancouver—this
enormous line of railway would then be the first substantial em-
ployment of that felicitous fact which has been intimated in the ex-
pression that the shores of the Pacific constitute `the end of the West
and the beginning of the East.'
" It would form ' the great link required to unite in one powerful
chain the whole English race.' It would penetrate the enormous bar-
rier of the Rocky Mountains. It would, in a particular manner,
bind together the interests of England, of the Hudson's Bay Com-
pany, and the Canadas. It would present a magnificent field for the
employment of gangs of convict labourers—criminals who by clear-
ing and enclosing lands, by constructing roads, and building bridges,
would be withdrawn from the diabolical contaminations of the
penal sett:ements, and would, unconsciously be instrumental in for-
warding the grand labours of civilization.
"It would pass through regions 'rich in mines of silver and copper,'
such as the vicinity of Lake Superior. It would draw into use the
abundant timber of the Oregon, the plentiful coal of Vancouver's Is-
land, the iron, lead, and tin, the granite, slate, and sandstone, the
oolites, the cattle, wool, hides, and tallow, the salted meat. the beef,
the pork, the wheat, the barley, the Indian corn, the apples, and
the rest of the nutritious vegetation which now flourishes uncon-
turned in the length and breadth of the Worth American Continent.
" Such is the noble project of a Colonial railway suggested by
this patriotic pamphleteer." •
Extract from THE SUN, 13th March.
"On the 16th of February we directed public attention to a
pamphlet, in the form of a letter, addressed to Judge Haillburton,
the immortal " Clockmaker"—a pamphlet in which a magnificent
scheme is proposed for the connexion of the Pacific and the Atlantic
by a railroad running through our North American possessions,
through the Canadas, and through the territories of the
Hudson's Bay Company, beginning at the harbour of Ha-
lifax, near Newfoundland. and terminating on Frazer's River,
Carmichael
any of that dogmatic
llaims
opposite Vancouver's Is'and. Since then, it will have been
observed by oar readers that the asutmhyorth,of
has
sat
ardedmreasrskaedblae
pleatmteprhiteot,
ourselves, lSfajorß otabemhie
r,tCharmhe
egotism which is generally supposed to actuate the projectors of such
colossal enterprises. The pamphlet of Major Smyth, previously
printed for private circulation, and written without any signature
upon the title page, has, subsequently to the appearance of our re-
marks on the 16th ult. bean published in a complete and well-
digested form, accompanied by an illustrative map from the hand of
Mr. Wyld, the geographer. Now, that the plan may be regarded as
fairly before the public, we cannot but take this, the earliest oppor-
tunity, of reiterating our previous argument, that the noble scheme
suggested by Major Carmichael Smyth is one intimately associated
with the present condition and the future destinies, with the glory,
the greatness, and the prosperity of the British empire."
Extract from the BRITISH and ARMY DISPATCH, 16th February,
before the Pamphlet was Published for General Circulation.
" This pamphlet is from the pen of an officer of rank, whose long
residence on service in North America has enabled him to offer to
the public some valuable suggestions on the subject of the extension
of railway communication on that vast continent, in the further ex-
tremity of which new ground h;s lately been broken in the progress
of civilization. The pamphlet purports to point out means for the
employment of the people and capital of Great Britain in her own
colonies, by undertaking a great national work, and thus opening
the shortest road to the most extensive regions of wealth ever
before at the command of any cation in.the world (not regions of
gold, but for commerce and-industry), and opening to Great Britain
a new outlet for the superabundant population of her soil, and new
markets for her labour. With great minuteness and considerable I
local knowledge the author traces the means by which the far apart
Atlantic and Pacific Oceans shall be made easily communicable, and I
urges that on that part of the line where the district labour and ca-
pital is sufficient, it shall be undertaken by the residents, and where
population is too thin, the remedy can be supplied by English capital
and convict labour.
" The pamphlet is altogether well worthy of perusal by all who 1
are interested in the progress of the great tide which is npw so
strongly setting westward.'"
Extract from the BRIGHTON GAZETTE, Bth March.
" One consequence of the recent discoveries in California has been
the renewed and zealous discussion of various plans heretofore sug-
gested for opening a direct communication between the Atlantic and
Pacific Oceans, instead of the present circuitous and hazardous route
by Cape Hem. A general feeling seems to have hitherto prevailed
in preference of a water line by the river and Lake of San Juan de
Major Carmichael Smyth will
Nicaragua ; and certainly, as compared with the Isthmus of Darien
contends—and therein he will or that of Tehtiantep c, there can be little doubt of its superior eli-
gibility. But we think that the views developed in the able pamphlet of
public opinion. For the United States the route above-mentioned
afveer.attottleaase
tclse.,e.trere
yea::
Englishman
mvo
a/unt
of:htl.ns
may be a sufficiently desirable one • but the author of this pamphlet
side—that such a communication ought, if possible, to be made
within the limits of our own territory.
" In a question like this the advocates of Colonization must feel a
strong interest ; for 'let England her Northern American, colonies,
and the Hudson's Bay Company, join heart and hand, and with the
great power of steam which it has pleased the Almighty to place at
the command of man, there will soon arise a work that will be the
wonder and admiration of the age—and such a mercantile and co-
lonizing road will be open to Great Britain, that at no future period
(at least within the imagination of man), will she ever again have to
complain of too great a reputation
her soil, and too small a market
for her labour." This Letter is addressed on
addressed to time Clockmaker,' and
who will not echo the exclamation of that distinguished writer—
' Oh, squire, ifJohn Bull only knew the value of these colonies, he
would be a great man. I tell
You—but he don't
Extract from the RAILWAY TIMES, March 10.
" There is work to be done—wealth to be opened up—men's bodies
and souls to be saved—the press teems with suggestions, plain,
practical, and operative—yet not a ray of intelligence, of apprehen-
sion, not a sign, not an expression indicative of activity, escapes
from the chief of the Colonial-office,his fussy, yet do-nothing,
or
subordinates.
" We shall revert to this topic in our next, and lay before our
readers the able, invigorating arguments of Major Robert Carmichael
Smyth, in reference to the subject
a of a British colonial railway corn-
municatiou between the Atlantic and Pacific.

Twenty-ilftli Edition, with Illustrations by Corbould, price ss. cloth,
gilt, 10s. 6d. morocco extra.
Tother Poems. By ROBERT MONTGOMERY, A.M.
HE 011
Also, Second Edition, /trice 7s. 6.1. in cloth,
INIPRESENCE of the DEITY, and
THE CHRISTIAN LIFE. A Manual of Sacred Verso.
Arthur Hall and Co., 25, Paternoster-row.

This day, Second Edition, with a Portrait. Bvo. 16s.
MEMOIRS of Sir THOMAS FOWELL
BUXTON, Bart.
By CHARLES BUXTON, Esq.
John Murray, Albemarle.streot.

THE EMIGRATION NOVEL.
Just published, and may be had at all the Libraries, in 3 viols.
ost Bvo,
THE EMIGpRANT FAMILY;
Being the
STORY OF AN AUSTRALIAN SETTLER.
By the Author of "Settlers and Convicts."
" A true picture of life at the Antipodes, vividly brought before the
reader. The characters are drawn with great distinctness, skilfully
grouped and contrasted; the incidents, though natural, are sufti-
ciently striking ; and there are many passages of great power and
pathos."—Atlas.
sts are vividly
"Alt amusing book: the manners of the colonists
exciting."—
Economist.
reader is with a rela-
tions}co sketched,
and
iiiiiii:cgiltdyheeli int
exciting
Economist.
sketchesueutiy occur on the Gut-
and the almost romantic incidents that free
skirts of the co!ony."—Spectator. Co., 65, Cornhill.
London: Smith, Elder, an
scenes of the bush made m
Inter:T. rsed with the story are many of a settler's life,

MESiEEBLINDNESS.
priceDNE
SS
T
SXI'ER' x
(No.XS2s. Gd., or by post for three shilling's worth of postage stamps,
aIRIzCoCiusETR
ofoF
trhwisElsT monthTY-
contains a Cure of Blindness of Twetity•sia Years' duration, of
Deafness, Epilepsy, Neuralgia, and Chronic Vomiting ; accounts of
more great Surgical Operations in India without pain, through Mes-
merism ; astounding Mesmeric Phenomena ; Observations on
estimating the Size of the Head , an Original Letter of Gall ; Ani-
madversions on the Conduct of various Anti-Mesmerists, &c., &c.
Ilippolyte Bailliere, Publisher, 212, Regent-street.

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NO PUFF.— (Only 11 d per lb.)—Luxuriant Light ; mll-
and "CLARK'S ROYAL
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,ax.—They Candles, a Royal title bears.—A
W
silvery flame—Transparent as
snuff themselves.—Are
hard as alabaster.—Glossy as glass, and cheap as common Tallow
Candles is their true character. The Public will know the Candles,
WAX CANDLES, 447, WEST STRAND."
All not bearing this
L,fobrelevaererybas4l.
ebdepeaepckueotnsbe._its deceptions.—Other
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Candles Soap are reduced in
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COMPANY, 447, West Strand, next door to the Electric Telegraph
Company.