The Sun.
London, England, 1831-07-05 00:00:00

SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS.

In the House of Lords last night a considerable portion
of time was occupied with a discussion which, we
humbly think, might have been spared, without any dis-
advantage to the public service. All who have watched
the Parliamentary conduct of Lord Harewood, must ac-
quit his Lordship of unworthy motives or factious inten-
tions; but the charge which be thought proper to bring,
or rather to insinuate, against Lord Brougham, appears
to us as trifling and unfounded as any which was ever
launched against a political adversary by the merest
partizan. The answer to the charge was so frank,
so full, that if we are not greatly mistaken in Lord
Harewood's character, he must have been as much
gratified as the warmest friends of the Noble person
accused. If there had been any want of etiquette in
the previous proceedings, the handsome and courteous
terms in which that omission was excused, must have
soothed the hurts of even the most sensitive of men ;
much more must they have satisfied the masculine
understanding of the Lord-Lieutenant of the West Rid-
ing. Lord Melbourne obtained, and with the full con-
currence of the Duke of Wellington, the second reading of
his Bill for the appointment of Deputy-Lieutenants for
the counties of Ireland, instead of the present absurd and
inefficient system of Governors of counties. The office of
Governor seems to have no definite duty nor definite num-
ber of functionaries, for in some counties there are as
many as five of these " rois faineans." The present Bill
will create a limited number of respectable officers, who
will regularly communicate with the Government, and
whose responsible situation will secure a decorous dis-
charge of their functions. We consider this measure as a
most important step towards an amelioration of the Ma-
gisterial character in Ireland ; and Lord Melbourne and
Lord Anglesea deserve great credit for its introduction.
A brief but interesting dialogue between Earl Grey
and the Duke of Wellington, on the subject of the
coronation, leads us to infer that his Majesty, though
anxiously disposed to ratify the great compact between a
new Sovereign and his subjects, is reluctant to inflict on
the people the enormous expense of the gorgeous pa-
geantry which custom has united with that imposing ce-
remony. How much more dignified, how much more so-
lemn, would the spectacle be, if the King were crowned,
and took the oaths before the assembled Parliament, without
the gross and burlesque additions of champions who have
nobody to fight, of falconers without falcons, and of the
mockery of a feast where nothing is eaten. Surely these
feudal absurdities, which made the last coronation the joke
of foreigners and the pity of all sensible Englishmen, msy
be dispensed with, and yet leave the Crown unshorn of a
single ray of its splendour, or its Royal owner of one par-
ticle of his greatness and power. We have only room for
a mere reference to the debate on the Reform Bill in the
Commons: it is not very interesting. Indeed, the public
mind is made up on the subject, and does not require the
endless reiterations of the same arguments, night after
night, in order to justify its sound and rational conclu-
sions. The debate was adjourned till to-day.— Times.
The debate on the second reading of the Reform Bill
was opened last night. It was adjourned over to this day,

and will probably be more than once again adjourned.
Before entering on the discussion, a question was put by
Mr. Estcourt, with respect to the alteration in the clause
giving the franchise to tenants of 101. a year and upwards ;
the answer to which contradicts materially the state-
malt in the John Bull. Lord Althorp at once allowed,

" That the alteration in question had been made by order
of Government, and that Mr. Gregson had nothing to do
with the order but to execute it. When the alteration was

made, it was done without any other intention than that
of securing a class of voters of the amount of rent men-
tioned in the Bill ; its intention was merely that the tent-
ing should be bona fide: He admitted that they were
mistaken.—(Hear, hear.) When they made the altera-
tion, they were not at all aware that they should disfran-
chise so many persons as it was now proved they would if
that clause had continued in the Bill ; and having disco-
vered what would be the effect of the clause, they at once
determined to abandon it.—(Cheers.) When it was first
proposed, Mr. Gregson stated that there would be some
difficulty in it, but he did not then understand that
there was any further objection than that of
the difficulty of wording it." Our readers will
recollect that the offensive part of the statement
in the John Bull was, that Mr, Gregson " called the
attention of Lord John Russell to its operation and con-
sequences. Hie Lordship, so far from being surprised,
seemed aware of that operation and those consequences,
and even expressed his opinion of the necessity for throw.
ing the elective franchise into the channels to which the
proposed clause would naturally lead it. Mr. Gregson
differed in opinion with his Lordship, and the question
was referred to Lord Althorp, and after much considera-
tion, Lord John Russell agreed to abandon it; and so the
conference upon it ended. At a Cabinet, however, which
was held a short time after, Lord Joho met with more
support and countenance, and after a second mature deli-
beration, the clause was inserted." The Standard of
yesterday more than insinuates that it had received the
same statement from Mr. Gregsou. "We can vouch
(says our evening contemporary) for the truth of every
syllable in this statement. We were, indeed, in posses.
sloe of the facts some days ago, but we had no permission
to make use of Mr. Gregson's name " It appears, how-
ever, that the whole of the circumstances, amounting to an
imputation of having ordered and retained the alteration
after the consequences had been pointed out, and made
the subject of more than one Cabinet discussion, are
pure romance. After Lord Althorp had made the answer
already alluded to, Mr. Estcourt put another question,
when Lord Althorp observed, " he would say, that nothipe
Mr. Gregson stated had given him to understand what
would he the extent of the disfranchisement consequent en
the clause." Lord John Russell, on being appealed to,
said, " that ire the course of the preparing a Bill compre-
hending provisions of such an important nature, and every
clause of which required to be considered and re,eonsi,dere.d,
there often did pass between the Government and persons
in the situation of Mr, Gregson, a great variety of dis.
cussions; in the come s.e pf which objections might be
stated, and many of them of e.oprsp would leave little or
no impression on the mind. He believed that Mr. Greg-
son his/ not fully called their attention to the oridegion to
the clause, from the circumstance, that what passed
on the subject had not left much impression on his
mind, not more than uny of the others." It is of
no great consequence that Ministers elmuld not have been
aware of the custom of the country with regard to
payment of rent ; but it is of great consequence that they
should be brelitsyed honest. Now that Lord Althorp and
Lord John Russell 149* not have been aware of the ef-
fect of the alteration is aea.eyident. No rational bring
could have proposed an alteration pf which the effect
would he the disfranchisement of nearly the 4;ole occu-
piers of house 3; for as it is obvious that such aaweep:pg
disfranchisement wool() throw the whole country into agi-
tation, and could not ppatrib)y be carried, to propose it
would have been akin to insanity, The candid statement
of Lord Althorp must carry conviction to evayi. person not
determined to bold out against all argument, that Ittinisterl
could not have bop aware of the operation of the clause.
The chief speech of tke Repining was that of Sir James
Mackintosh. "It was inopooribig," he said, " for Par-
liament to transfer the right of eleectinOil frnrsl cor-
rupt ,to a sound borough, without et once eileisliak-
ing the whole principle of the measure." In answer to
the cry that the Ppetitution worked well, he said, "he
would show the House how during the 18th century it had
t worked well. It was during the,t period of years that the
spawn was adopted which silently wo.leed put of the
hearts of the people all regard and affection for it, ;t was
during this perir..d of years that they were silently )lilt
surely taught to distrust ;be rulers that were chosen by
means of this system." The upiopents of Reform will
have something to do in mustering feae arguments
against Reform. They cannot boldly lay down .the R7i,n-
ciple, that the right p vpte the money of the people of.
England should be sold to the highest bidder ; and this
length they mast go, or they do nothing ; for hypocrisy
and subterfuge are no longer of any avail, The ,w,testjon
no longer requires elucidation—it is pretty well understand
both by those who will gain and those who will lose by
the change. What is to be .determined amounts simply to
this„,-shall a certain number of individuals be allowed to
take as rnpcb of the property of the people of this kingdom
as they thitsk ot iu) take ; or shall the people have the
power of fixing what part pf their property shall be taken
iiYal them ? The Betiouvr does pot, if you believe him,
rob travellers in the Desert ; he is merely vested with the
prescriptive right of taxing them. But even Oedouips
may find it prudeatto waive their rights when the caravan:
is stronger than they are.—Morning Chronicle.

From time Lo time the secrets of Cabinets reach pro-
fane ears. We learn that the Russian Ambassador at the
Court of Vienna has receiver instructions to require of
that Court to endeavour to prevail on the Cabinets of
France and England not to press the representations
made by them in favour of Poland. The Emperor is in-
clined to put an end to the war, if it will compromise nei-
ther his dignity nor his honour. If, says the Autocrat,
my army gains a victory, I would be the first to call a
Congress—to which. down to the present time, he would
not even listen—aud to invite my two allies, as well as the
Plenipotentiaries of France and of England; they would
find me reasonable and moderate in my wishes. It seem•,
then, that this war of extermination of the Emperor

against Poland is a mere matter of self-love ; apparently
he desires to reach Warsaw as he formerly approached
Constantinople, merely for the sake of appearing again
magnanimous. Let the Poles only allow themselves,
to be beaten, and the Emperor will give them peace,
will evacuate their country, and will very modestly cross
the Dwina as he crossed the Balkan. But then of what use
is a Congress? It would have been much shorter to send
such a declaration to Warsaw, where it undoubtedly would
have produced the best results, the Polish General would
have retreated at the first sight of the Russian bayonets,
and all would have been settled at once. Let us enter
fairly into the merits of the question. The Emperor, to
lose nothing of the exalted opinion of Europe as to the
strength of his empire, wishes Europe to witness again
the triumph of his army ; but what then ? They read
the reports of Field Marshal Diebitsch—they admire that
hero, who, like the conqueror of Darius, rushes from
victory to victory, passes rivers, penetrates deserts,
crosses mountains, scatters enemies, and disperses armies,
which fly at his very approach. Does his Majesty re-
quire money ? Does he want a victory at any rate?—
Well, then, let him have the glory of the battle of
Ostrolenka. The Poles will admit, ►f necessary, that
they have been beaten; for this war is not for them a
matter of self-praise, and the battle where they lost
a Kicki, a Kamienski, 200 officers, and 2,000 fel-
low-citizens, is, indeed a defeat, and already the foreign
newspapers are loud in celebrating that splendid vic-
tory: Will the Emperor be satisfied or not ? How many
Poleii must fall victims of this vindication, in the eyes of
the world, of his dignity, and of his honour? But let
us change our language, for every gen' roue mind is filled
with indignation at the idea that, to deceive more success.
fully his allies, a Sovereign is not ashamed to confess, even
in the secrecy of a Cabinet, that he maintains, from self.
love, the most unjust and the most sanguinary war of our
days, and that he will be open to conviction only when he
shall have butchered several thousand more victims. Will
the Cabinets of Europe he thus ensnared? Why not,
when to-day it would seem that a darkness greater than
that which covered Egypt of olden times has obscured
the minds of the great politicians of Europe ? But
we will remove that darkness, to take from them
every excuse. If Russia _requires. more - time when
the representatives of the Cabinets of St. James's
and Paris are sent to it, it does so because it feels
that time will wear out our strength. When we
shall be weakened and crushed, Russia will call a Congress,
to dictate there its will, and ridicule the Powers which
were simple enough to believe its protestations. The Em-
peror knows that it will ba easy to settle with Poland when
it will no more be able to vindicate its rights ; for
bayonets dictate in the Congress as well as in the field of
battle. Let, then, the Cabinets be cautious not to believe
these perfidious insinuations. If they are willing to aid
Poland, let them make haste, and avail themselves of the
moment when their intervention may be of use : after-
wards every mediation will be unavailing; and when the
Emperor shall have settled all according to his own will,
he will answer them that he does not want their interven-
tion, and that he has only chastised rebel subjects. Then
the Cabinets will be silent at the sight of 500,000 soldiers,
become bolder by the war with Poland. The Cabinets
must judge if this be the part which they ought to play.--
Morning Chronicle.

What we have long endeavoured to call the attention of
Government and the public to—the scandalous violation of
the principle of neutrality by Prussia towards Poland
during the present conflict—is now generally admitted,
and, indeed, has b,come matter of such prominent and
universal notoriety as not to be capable of being any longer
denied. The Courier says, with great reason, " The
accounts which have reached this country of the shame-
ful partiality shown by the Prussian Government to the
Russians, in their attempts to subjugate the Poles, are now so
numerous, and, apparently, so well authenticated, that it is
impossible any longer to refrain from expressing the indignation
which they have excited." But we cannot agree with the
Ceoricr when it goes on to say—" Unfortunately, however, for
Poland, but for the liberties of the people in every country of the
Continent, it is impossible for the Governments of Great Britain
and France, to interfere whilst the show of neutrality is main-
tained." What! if there are proofs, concinsiye proofs, that
the neutrality which Prussia has professed, and is bound to
observe, in the contest between Russia and Poland, has been
repeatedly, grossly, and systematically violated, are the Govern.-
mods of Great Britain and France, in the face of such proofs, to
abstain from interference, because only the substance and not
the show of neutrality has peen thus outrageously broken ?
Hour contemporary denied, at once, that England and France
had any right to interfere in consequence 'of ayiil violation of
neutrality by Prussia, we could understand the position, though
we could not admit the validity; but to deny that those Govern-
vernments have a right to interfere because of a violation of
neutrality in substance, while it impliedly admitted that
their interference would be justified If the neutral prin-
ciple were ylso yiolated in show, is a mode of putting the
subject which carries it far beyond the reach of our com-
prehension. But the fact is, Priosia has larolcen the neu-
trality which she was bound to Observe between Poland and
Russia both in substance and show. She did, indeed, at first,
attempt to disguise her gross partiality to Russian interests, and
her malignant feelings towards the cause of Poland, with the
thin, and to our eyes the transparent, cnyering of cautious dis,
simulation. Emboldened by impunity, she hat thrnwn aside ell
disguise. The Government of Berlin, faithful to the interests
of the barbarian, with whom the house of Brandenburg is con-
pepted by the double affinity of marriage and the Holy Alliance,
tusk dope every thing to assist Russia, except sending their
grenadiers into the field, as was done in 1794, when Kosciusko
had more than once Sauk ip its own blood, upon the field
of carnage, the vulture of Minicosite Is it not noto..
rious to all Europe that the grand army of Itiisia, lately
commanded by Diebitsch, and now by CountTotr,
would, before this time, have been obliged to evacuate
the territory of Poland by a shameful retreat, or to
Arrender to its Polish victors, if it were not for the
succour and assistance Willi:li Prussia sends it, whereby it is re-
freshed and recruited, after its defeats 4114 fatigites,and fur-
nished with all the means of siffisisteive, while cut off from its
PeoPef supplies thrOugh the success of the'ciperations of the Lt.
thuanian in:urgent; ? " General Toll," says a"French' Paper,
had no longer a baiiz for big 9pgrations, apd his 40,00 meri
would be reduced to want bread and aminpnltion, should Giel-
gud take possession of VVilna ; but Toll flag no:-/ fort4basis of
his operations, and his point d'appui, the frontiers of Pruasia.
He derives from the Lower Vistula all the provisions necessary
fir.hip army ; he has no longer to be uneasy about his communi-
cations and he is in a situation to attempt an
oopera-
tion on the centjp., .11w§ the Russian army have been anni-
hilated if it had to recorrees ; but the auxiliary
power of Prussia sustains rblis the r
hard-earned fruits of their sacrifices arid viand& The Bidisp
subjects, whose property, on its way to Poland, has been seized
by Prussia, will, we trust, knock incessantly at the door of the
Foreign Office until they obtain redress. We will wait a little
I orig4r, p ec ppw Lord Palmerston will answer their call; and,
if the honoh,r apd interests of England are not vindicated, he
shall hear of it fn the language in which a free Press ought,
under such circumstances, lefacdre.l3 a British WinPter. In the
mean time it might not be impertinent in a 'to suggest thgt ;FR
have a treaty with Prussia greatly detrimental to our own ship.
ping interests ; and, though she has no sense of shame, she has
t sensitive anxiety for her sordid advantages.--Morning Herald.

We are happy in being now able to state that
.we have the hest authority for informing opr reatlers, that
Mr. RICHARD ARKWRIGIIT Will certainly come forward
as a candidate for the representation of the county of Derby
tja.‘ nez3 election.—Derbyshire Courier.

MARRIAGE IZI LIFE.—SAMUEL
BARTON, Esq., son of DUN4ATL BA ON, spi,.! of Roches-
town, in this county, will shortly lead to the hkrnkneal
altar the beautiful and accomplished Miss Emma HUT.
4.-;F INsoN of Knocklofty, daughter of the late Hon. Omer.
fizt.z HpwwNsow (who for many years honestly and
faithfully represented like citizens of Cork in Parliament),
and niece to the Right lion. t}.e Earl pf pRNOUGHUORE.
—Tipperary Free Press.

-- -
Mr. T. CAMPBELL has, we are informed,
undertaken tc) write the life of Mrs. SIDDONS, in conse-
quence of her own request, 4elueatlnd to him in writing.
The eminent deceased has left consideriplble materials for
her biography, and her daughter ana nearest friends have
promed more. We take it for granted that Mr. C.A37,-
4E4. will not Oncb froT this honourable labour.'

. .
The Rev, G, J. Ppwggfi, pf thiv own, has
been presented by his Grace the Duke of Tigpgo*R to phe
valuable living of St. Paul's, Covent-garden, vacant by
the death of Dr. RANDOLFH.—Bedford Gazette.

MACK'S.—It is not generally known, per-
haps, that this, chile the gayest and most fashionable, is
at the same time the ciieaFeat of all places of public amuse-
ments—a guinea for three tickets' toveri.-4 i)ae whole of
the expense for as many balls.

T,tie inhabitants of Paisley are, in common
with those of the other towl}s in the west of Scotland,
maki]ilg preparatioti4-Yor another grand display of public
fling, by ft procession, on the passing or throwing out of
the geforkp gip by the F-drds. Several rich silk flags, in
addition to what they 4rpadi possess? are in progress of
being finished.

The mortality of the cholera mortms is, we
understand, very great on board the vessels coming from
Riga, 4. letter was received in Leith a day or two ago
from the maste. D` a vtssel belonging to that port, dated
the Sound, June 14, in wrtich Le states that the account
of the loss of life from cholera in all the ships shat arrived
from the Russian ports was most melancholy. One vessel
from Riga had re,scheil the Sound, all the crew of which
had died except two.— I; Courant.
it
theßiga
Medical Report up
to
the appears
taut June,
ing fromo f the
15th of
of hospital patients was 1,386 ; cured, 308 ; deal,
798 ; house patients, 1,826 ; cured, 558 ; dead, 488.
Total, 2,612 ; cured, 866; dead, 1,286 ; and left, 466.
or .
The physicians say that the disease is now of a much
milder character than at first. From the 3lst of May to
the Ist June there were only 24 deaths; from the Is.
(13th) to the 2d (14th) 31 deaths, but only 79 new casest
From the 2d (14th) to the 3d (15th) 20, and 85 new
cases,- whilst hitherto upwards of 100 people were daily
attacked. The number of hospital dea!he alone was from
E 0 to 70 daily.