The Sun.
London, England, 1849-01-01 00:00:00

£340,117 0 0

Excise:—
Salariesof inspectors of corn returns

and officers ...
Compensation to revenue officers, &c.
Hereditary Pensions to—
The Duke of Grafton ...
Earl Cowper ...
Assignees of the late Charles 800ne...
Fishery Board ...
Towards the Judicial establishment,—
Sheriffs, &c., Scotland ... ... 36,710 10 0
Annuity to Agricultural Company,
Scotland, under Royal sign manual .
Miscellaneous

5,454 0 0
4,330 0 0

7,191 12 0
1,595 16 0
1,200 0 0
16,978 10 0

... £97,106 9 44

10,600 0 0
13,046 1 41

Total, Excise...
Post•office. Hereditary Pensions:—
Duke of Marlborough... ...
Duke of Grafton, over and above
7,1911. 12s. from Excise ...
Heirs of the Duke of Schomberg
Advance to Milford Haven works ...

4,000 0 0

... 3,407 10 0
2,900 0 0
875 15 0

Total Post-office ... £11,183 5 0

Taxes:—
Augmentation `of stipends to Scotch
clergy, &c. ... ... ... ... 17,824 0 0
Advanced commissioners of roads ... 5,000 0 0
Miscellaneous ... ... ... ... 48 15 0

#22,872 15 0

Crown Lands:—
Woods and Forests, perpetual pensions,
annual stipends, parks, &c.... ... 286,646 15 0
Recapitulation of payments, deducted from the revenue,
exclusive of charges, on its way to the Exchequer,
viz.:—

Customs...
Excise ...
Post-office
Taxes ...
Crown lands

... 346,117 0 0
... 97,106 9 44
... 11,183 5 0
... 22,872 15 0
... 286,646 15 0

Total ... ....C763,926 4 41
Thera was an excess of the expenditure over the in-
come during the following years, viz.:—

In 1827 of ... ... £826.674
1831 „ 698,857
1837 „ ... 655,760
1838 „ 345 928
••• ••• ••• •
1839 „ ... 1,512,792
1840 „ „, ... 1,593,970
1841 „ „, 2,101,369
1842 „ 3,979,538
1847 „ . . 2,956,683
exclusive of the sum received of the loan contracted
for Ireland. The years 1837.8-9-40, and 1841, were
periods succeeding commercial distress and bad bar-
vests, and of the insurrection in Canada ; there were,
in consequence, the following additional charges
spread over those years. The insurrection in Canada
drew out of the Treasury, from 1837 to 1841-2, the
enormous sum of 2,106,046/. The Chinese war drew
out of the Treasury in 1840, 1841, and 1842,
1,652,9211., and in 1843 an additional amount of
437,849/., and for the opium compensation 1,254,8231.;
and further, in 1844, 404,9641. for opium compensa-
tion ; total on account of our quarrel with China,
3,752,557/. The moneys received from China
realised in 1843, 1,315,2091. ; in 1844, 385,0081.; in
1845, 1,142,924/. ; in 1847, 667,6441. ; total,
3,510,785/. ; loss to the Treasury by the Chinese war,
239,9751. If we add to this the expenses of the
Kafir war, which, we fear, will at least exceed
1,250,0001., and of the Canada insurrection war,
there will have been an excess drawn from the
Treasury, for warlike operations, of more than
3,595,818/. sterling, besides very great contingent
expenses, which have increased those of the army
and navy.
There was an excess of revenue over the expendi-
ture during the following years :—viz., in 1828,
3,246,9941.; in 1829, 1,711,5511.; in 1830, 2,913,6731.;
in 1832, 614,559/. ; in 1833, 1,513,083/. ; in 1834,
1,608,1551.; in 1835, 1,620,9411.; in 1836, 2,130,0921.
Then came a commercial crisis—a Canada war—bad
harvests—and a deficient revenue, until 1843, when
there was an excess over the expenditure of
1,443;3041. ; but then there was an excess of taxation
on the one hand, caused by the income-tax, of
5,387,455/. ; but on the other hand, the Custom-house
duties were greatly reduced on various articles of
consumption, which I will notice further on. The
income-tax, instead of being imposed for three years,
having been continued, there was a surplus revenue
over expenditure, in 1844, of 3,356,1061.; in 1845 of
3,817,5411. This included 1,142,924/. hina money.
Inasmuch as the opium compensation, the China war
expenses, had been paid off, during the two pre-
ceding years. In 1846 there was a surplus revenue of
2,846,3081. ; but in 1847 the country was overwhelmed
with the crisis consequent upon bad harvests, the
potato rot, an Irish famine, and the railway specu-
lations ; which latter locked up many inconvertible
millious of capital ; and all which causes combined
effected a stagnation of trade, a greatly diminished
employment of labour in manufactures and other
branches of industry, and the ruin of many great
commercial houses of long standing, and with re-
sponsibilities of unexampled magnitude. The failure
of those houses brought countless others of minor
standing into ruin, that might otherwise have con-
tinued solvent. Let us add the elements of disturb-
ances that were preparing their development on the
continent of Europe, and we may, I believe, then,
consider it remarkable, that the falling off of the
revenue was not much greater. It is certainly more
surprising than otherwise that there was not a much
greater deficiency in the year 1847 than 2,956,683/. ;
and we must also take into account that more than
one-half of that amount was occasioned by the sum
of 1,525,800/. sent to relieve distress in Ireland.
The expenditure on account of the navy, army,
and ordnance, and for paying the interest and ex-
penses of the public debt, was, during the following
years, as follows :

Navy'
' I Ord-
'''' of Debt. Ordnance,
Ira' NAV' ArinY' nanco. Tot"'. Exp.zenBe Army,
and Debt.
--
-___--7-_,x____
£--- ------- --
,Z X £
813 22 417,513 45,6 ,
23 356
1", 7 87G 6 ^27 1 914_43 16,205, ,
' ' 5942 033 535
1830
0,99 , 836,414,‘ , ' I
j 4 67429,118,8. , ~
938113'91 ' ' 592 507
1433 ',5,3t'0g16315.3"'6°3 1,613'
,I 2 265,103 28, -,, i 40,787,610
1834 G,493'.ii144,30,235 1,314,506,
12'066,057!23,504,096 40,570,1563
1835 6,706,144.50,909 1,068,223,
'11'657 486,28,514,610'40,171,09
1836 6,473,14i4.2095'4?9 1,151,914. •,
'968'29,243,599;41,356,567
1837 6,521,716;750'7468 1'434,859'12,112, i
9;29 482,571;42,206,468
1838 6,815,6413,520'42g 1,444,523,
12,716,81
'99'260 238!41,980,963
1839 6,542,662',549i,204 j't!4,6B 1 112,720,730;
' '4002'43,438,078
1840 6,890,257;4,597,5„
1,42,240113,984,076,29,4 a , _ I
~, 4,136
1841 6,418,422'6,487,074 t'811'64"'14,119,418'29,381,713,4i au
'
1842 5,937,921;6,640,143 2:174'112314,732
, ,62S 1.17'41,172,87329,450,
~,, 577
1843 5,997,156,6,605,057 1,919-704\ i4."2
4 , ,757 29,428,12044,2"___
1844 5,178,714,5,858,219 1,924;312 13.'913,917 29,269,160143,783,07:7:
1845 6,774,5896,809,873 2,109,707,5,51245 30495455 44,4:56,704
1846 6,699,699 7,803,464 2,361,531116,664'16928,253,872, 43,918,011
1647 7,540,40514,013,873 2,947,869118,5'?7 28,077,987 44,942,684
---- 12.147 28,141,531 46,653,678
From all the f _orecfni no. .f.i.-- _ .

From all the foregoing statements, which I have
compiled with great care from the official finance ac-
counts of each year, it will appear conclusive, that if
we are unable to reduce the expenditure of the navy,
army, ordnance, and the interest of the public debt, it
is vain for us to expect a very great diminution of
the national expenditure. The interest of the public
debt we cannot honestly, 4nd witholit disgrace, re%